Pentagastrin

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# Overview
Pentagastrin is a diagnostic aid that is FDA approved for the diagnosis of Anacidity, Hypersecretory conditions.   Common adverse reactions include Nausea, abdominal cramps.

# Adult Indications and Dosage

## FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

### Indications
- Anacidity (diagnosis)Pentagastrin is indicated as a diagnostic aid for evaluation of gastric acid secretory function. It is effective in testing for anacidity (achlorhydria) in patients with suspected pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis, or gastric carcinoma. It is also effective in determining the reduction in acid output after operations for peptic ulcer, such as vagotomy or gastric resection.
- Hypersecretory conditions, gastric (diagnosis)Pentagastrin is indicated as a diagnostic aid in testing for gastric hypersecretion in patients with suspected duodenal ulcer or postoperative stomal ulcer, and for the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison tumor

### Dosage
- The intravenous infusion dose has ranged from 0.1 to 12 mcg (0.0001 to 0.012 mg) per kg of body weight per hour administered in a 0.9% sodium chloride injection. It can also be used as a subcutaneous injection for gastric function study with a dose of 6 mcg (0.006 mg) per kg of body weight.

## Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

### Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Pentagastrin in adult patients.

### NonGuideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label NonGuideline-Supported Use of Pentagastrin in adult patients.

# Pediatric Indications and Dosage

## FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Pentagastrin in pediatric patients.

## Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

### Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Pentagastrin in pediatric patients.

### NonGuideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label NonGuideline-Supported Use of Pentagastrin in pediatric patients.

# Contraindications
There is limited information regarding Pentagastrin Contraindications in the drug label.

# Warnings
There is limited information regarding Pentagastrin Warnings' in the drug label.

# Adverse Reactions

## Clinical Trials Experience
- Nausea
- Abdominal cramps

## Postmarketing Experience
There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# Drug Interactions
- The following may affect pentagastrins  action:
- Antacids, anticholinergics, histamine H2-receptor antagosnists, or omeprazole
- Acute, obstructing, penetrating or bleeding peptic ulcers

# Use in Specific Populations

### Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category (FDA):
- Pregnancy Category
Pregnancy Category (AUS):
- Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Pentagastrin in women who are pregnant.

### Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of Pentagastrin during labor and delivery.

### Nursing Mothers
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin with respect to nursing mothers.

### Pediatric Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin with respect to pediatric patients.

### Geriatic Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin with respect to geriatric patients.

### Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin with respect to specific gender populations.

### Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin with respect to specific racial populations.

### Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin in patients with renal impairment.

### Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin in patients with hepatic impairment.

### Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Pentagastrin in women of reproductive potentials and males.

### Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of Pentagastrin in patients who are immunocompromised.

# Administration and Monitoring

### Administration
- intravenous infusion

### Monitoring
There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# Overdosage
There is limited information regarding Overdose of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# Pharmacology

## Mechanism of Action
- The exact mechanism by which Pentagastrin stimulates gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor secretion is unknown; however, since Pentagastrin is an analogue of natural gastrin, it is believed that it excites the oxyntic cells of the stomach to secrete to their maximum capacity. Pentagastrin stimulates pancreatic secretion, especially when administered in large intramuscular doses. Pentagastrin also increases gastrointestinal motility by a direct effect on the intestinal smooth muscle. However, it delays gastric emptying time probably by stimulation of terminal antral contractions, which enhance retropulsion.

## Structure
- Pentagastrin, a diagnostic aid, is supplied as a sterile solution (1.1 ml/5 ml vial) containing:

## Pharmacodynamics
There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

## Pharmacokinetics
- The exact mechanism by which Pentagastrin stimulates gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor secretion is unknown; however, since Pentagastrin is an analogue of natural gastrin, it is believed that it excites the oxyntic cells of the stomach to secrete to their maximum capacity. Pentagastrin stimulates pancreatic secretion, especially when administered in large intramuscular doses. Pentagastrin also increases gastrointestinal motility by a direct effect on the intestinal smooth muscle. However, it delays gastric emptying time probably by stimulation of terminal antral contractions, which enhance retropulsion.

## Nonclinical Toxicology
There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# Clinical Studies
There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# How Supplied
There is limited information regarding Pentagastrin How Supplied in the drug label.

## Storage
- Keep refrigerated between 2 and 8C. Protect from light

# Images

## Drug Images

## Package and Label Display Panel

### PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL

### Ingredients and Appearance

# Patient Counseling Information
There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Pentagastrin in the drug label.

# Precautions with Alcohol
- Alcohol-Pentagastrin interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

# Brand Names
- PENTAGASTRIN 

# Look-Alike Drug Names
There is limited information regarding Pentagastrin Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

# Drug Shortage Status

# Price