Magnesium chloride

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# Overview
Magnesium chloride is an electrolyte that is FDA approved for the treatment of as an electrolyte replenisher in magnesium deficiencies.   Common adverse reactions include flushing, sweating, sharply lowered blood pressure, hypothermia, stupor, and ultimately respiratory depression.

# Adult Indications and Dosage

## FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)
- As an electrolyte replenisher in magnesium deficiencies.
- For intravenous infusion: 4 grams in 250 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, at a rate not exceeding 3 mL per minute. Serum magnesium levels should serve as a guide to continued dosage.
- USUAL DOSAGE RANGE: 1 to 40 grams daily.
- Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

## Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

### Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Magnesium chloride in adult patients.

### NonGuideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label NonGuideline-Supported Use of Magnesium chloride in adult patients.

# Pediatric Indications and Dosage

## FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)
There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Magnesium chloride in pediatric patients.

## Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

### Guideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Magnesium chloride in pediatric patients.

### NonGuideline-Supported Use
There is limited information regarding Off-Label NonGuideline-Supported Use of Magnesium chloride in pediatric patients.

# Contraindications
- Magnesium Chloride Injection should not be administered if there is renal impairment, marked myocardial disease or to comatose patients.

# Warnings
- Do not use if a precipitate is present.
- This product contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration if kidney function is impaired. Premature neonates are particularly at risk because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which contain aluminum.
- Research indicates that patients with impaired kidney function, including premature neonates, who receive parenteral levels of aluminum at greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day accumulate aluminum at levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Tissue loading may occur at even lower rates of administration.

# Adverse Reactions

## Clinical Trials Experience
There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

## Postmarketing Experience
- Flushing, sweating, sharply lowered blood pressure, hypothermia, stupor, and ultimately respiratory depression.

# Drug Interactions
There is limited information regarding Magnesium chloride Drug Interactions in the drug label.

# Use in Specific Populations

### Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category (FDA): C
- Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with magnesium chloride. It is also not known whether magnesium chloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Magnesium chloride should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Pregnancy Category (AUS): 
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Magnesium chloride in women who are pregnant.

### Labor and Delivery
There is no FDA guidance on use of Magnesium chloride during labor and delivery.

### Nursing Mothers
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride with respect to nursing mothers.

### Pediatric Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride with respect to pediatric patients.

### Geriatic Use
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride with respect to geriatric patients.

### Gender
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride with respect to specific gender populations.

### Race
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride with respect to specific racial populations.

### Renal Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride in patients with renal impairment.

### Hepatic Impairment
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride in patients with hepatic impairment.

### Females of Reproductive Potential and Males
There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium chloride in women of reproductive potentials and males.

### Immunocompromised Patients
There is no FDA guidance one the use of Magnesium chloride in patients who are immunocompromised.

# Administration and Monitoring

### Administration
- Intravenous

### Monitoring
There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

# IV Compatibility
There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

# Overdosage
There is limited information regarding Magnesium chloride overdosage.  If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

# Pharmacology

## Mechanism of Action
There is limited information regarding Magnesium chloride Mechanism of Action in the drug label.

## Structure
- Magnesium Chloride Injection is a sterile solution of Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate in Water for Injection q.s. Each mL contains: Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate 200 mg, Sodium Chloride 9 mg, Benzyl Alcohol 1% as a preservative,  Water for Injection, q.s. pH adjusted with Hydrochloric Acid and/or Sodium Hydroxide. Total osmolarity equivalent to 2951 mOsmol/L. Contains 1.97 mEq of Mg++ and Cl  per mL.
- The structural formula is MgCl26H2O

## Pharmacodynamics
There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

## Pharmacokinetics
There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

## Nonclinical Toxicology
There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

# Clinical Studies
There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

# How Supplied
- Magnesium Chloride Injection 200 mg/mL (20% w/v)
- NDC 0517-5034-01     50 mL Multiple Dose Vial     Individually boxed

## Storage
- Store at 20 to 25C (68 to 77F); excursions permitted to 15 to 30C (59 to 86F)

# Images

## Drug Images

## Package and Label Display Panel

# Patient Counseling Information
There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Magnesium chloride in the drug label.

# Precautions with Alcohol
- Alcohol-Magnesium chloride interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

# Brand Names
- MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE  

# Look-Alike Drug Names
There is limited information regarding Magnesium chloride Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

# Drug Shortage Status

# Price