Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Teddy Infuhr
Teddy Infuhr (born Theodore Edward Infuhr on November 9, 1936  died May 12, 2007), was an American child actor.

# Biography
Missouri-born child actor Teddy Infuhr, youngest of four, moved with his family to Los Angeles when he was three and was initially prodded into acting by his mother. A young student at the Rainbow Studios, he was spotted by a talent agent and booked the very first film he went out on with The Tuttles of Tahiti (1942) at the age of 5. Throughout the rest of the 1940s he would find steady roles as mean-spirited tykes, trouble-makers or bullying types, never settling down to one specific studio.
A good portion of his work was noticeable yet he also appeared unbilled much of the time. Unable to move into the major child star leagues, he was cast in some of the biggest pictures Hollywood had to offer including A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, Spellbound (1945 film) and The Best Years of Our Lives. One of his more oddball roles included the role of Gale Sondergaard  fly-swallowing nephew in The Spider Woman.
Ted found a recurring role in the "Rusty" canine adventure series, beginning with The Return of Rusty and finishing with Rusty's Birthday. He was also one of the bucolic brood in the Ma and Pa Kettle series that was introduced with the classic The Egg and I. He appeared more times in that series than any other of the regular child stars. After the war, he had larger parts in The Boy with Green Hair, Fighting Fools, West of El Dorado and Blondie's Hero and appeared with Gene Autry a few times.

# Personal life
One of the few child actors that Natalie Wood's mother allowed her to socialize with on the set.
For his role in The North Star (1943 film), Teddy had to shave his head bald. The embarrassed 7-year-old returned to school wearing a hat and refused to remove it to the dismay of his teachers until they found out the reason.
Unfortunately, he did not survive the transition from awkward adolescent to adult, ending his career unbilled as a troubled teen in Blackboard Jungle. Luckily, Teddy played it smart, and found a vocation, graduating from chiropractic school in 1958. Long married to wife Rita, with whom he had two sons, he has had no qualms or regrets about leaving show business. Until his death in Thousand Oaks on May 12, 2007, he attended nostalgia conventions.

# Filmography
- The Tuttles of Tahiti (1942)
- The North Star (1943 film) (1943) (uncredited)
- The Spider Woman (1944)
- Spellbound (1945 film) (1945) (uncredited)
- The Egg and I (1947)
- The Bishop's Wife (1947)
- Ma and Pa Kettle (1949)
- Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town (1950)
- The Gene Autry Show (1951) (1 episode)
- Ma and Pa Kettle Back on the Farm (1951)
- The Cisco Kid (1952) (2 episodes)
- The Abbott and Costello Show (1953) (1 episode)
Temafloxacin

# Overview
Temafloxacin (marketed by Abbott Laboratories as Omniflox) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic drug which was withdrawn from sale in the United States shortly after its approval in 1992 because of serious adverse effects resulting in three deaths.

# History
Omniflox was approved to treat lower respiratory tract infections, genital and urinary infections like prostatitis, and skin infections in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration in January 1992. Severe adverse reactions, including allergic reactions and hemolytic anemia, developed in about fifty patients during the first four months of its use, leading to three patient deaths. Abbott withdrew the drug from sale in June 1992.

# Pharmacokinetic
Following oral administration the compound is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The oral bioavailability is greater than 90%. Temafloxacin has a good tissue penetration in various biological fluids and tissues, particularly in the respiratory tissues, nasal secretions, tonsils, prostate and bone. In these districts the concentrations achieved are equal to or higher than those in serum. The fluoroquinolone has a 7-8 hour half-life.
The penetration into the central nervous system (CNS)is less pronounced.The escretion from the body is primarily due to the glomerular filtration.

# Clinical uses
The compound is indicated for treating lower respiratory tract infections (community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic bronchitis), genital and urinary tract infections (prostatitis, gonococcal and non-gonococcal urethritis, cervicitis), skin and soft tissue infections.
Tepezcohuite
Tepezcohuite (pronounced Te-pez-Co-wheete) (Mimosa tenuiflorais) a tree bark from Mexico. Also known in Mexico as the "Skin tree", some of the barks significant attributed properties are an anti-microbial agent, an analgesic agent, and a cellular regenerator.
An extract of Tepezcohuite contains Flavonoids that diminish the capillary permeability and increases its resistance and protects from skin aging, Tannins which have an astringent action and smooth skin, as well as other micronutrients such as zinc, copper, manganese, iron and magnesium. These play an important role in cellular repair and protection.
Extensive research has been performed in labs in Mexico, Canada and the United Kingdom. They have found that tepezcohuite is a cellular regenerator, an anti-bacterial 300% more effective than streptomycin, and a powerful fungicide.

# Uses for Tepezcohuite
Not all of these uses have been experimentally verfied as useful or safe. Consult a doctor before taking any kind of medication.
Tepezcohuite is considered to be an antiseptic, analgesic and promotor of cellular regeneration. It has also been shown to have a strong effect on peristalsis in animals. 

## Burns
Tepezcohuite may protect first and second-degree burns, helping to prevent the loss of fluids. It also may prevent the formation of cheloidal scars and help regenerates hair follicles.

## Traumatology
For traumatic injuries, tepezcohuite is believed to protect exposed bone and help regenerate soft tissue. It is also an antiseptic; however, studies indicate that it is no more effective than current antiseptics, and it may also have toxic effects on the liver. 

## Dermatology
Tepezcohuite may prevent wrinkles and acne, as well as treat psoriasis, herpes I and herpes II, and treat chickenpox scars.

## Cosmetology
In addition to the above effects, tepezcohuite may protect and stimulate the generation of collagen and "elastina", as well as protecting flavonoids and hyaluronic acid.
tert-Butanol

# Overview
tert-Butanol, or 2-methyl-2-propanol, is a tertiary alcohol.  It is one of the four isomers of butanol.  tert-Butanol is a clear liquid with a camphor-like odor.  It is well soluble in water and miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. It is unique among the isomers of butanol because it tends to be a solid at room temperature, with a melting point slightly above 25 degrees Celsius.

# Applications
tert-Butanol is used as a solvent, as a denaturant for ethanol, as an ingredient in paint removers, as an octane booster for gasoline, as an oxygenate gasoline additive, and as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemical commodities such as flavors and perfumes.

# Preparation
tert-Butanol can be manufactured industrially by the catalytic hydration of isobutylene.

# Chemistry
As a tertiary alcohol, tert-butanol is more stable to oxidation and less reactive than the other isomers of butanol.
When tert-butanol is deprotonated with a strong base, the product is an alkoxide anion. In this case, it is tert-butoxide. For example, when tert-butanol is deprotonated with sodium hydride, the resultant is sodium tert-butoxide.
The tert-butoxide species is itself useful as a strong, non-nucleophilic base in organic chemistry. It is able to abstract acidic protons from the substrate molecule readily, but its steric bulk inhibits the group from participating in nucleophilic addition, such as in a Williamson ether synthesis or an SN2 reaction.

# Conversion to alkyl halide
tert-Butanol (also tert-butyl alcohol) reacts with hydrogen chloride to form tert-butyl chloride and water via an SN1 mechanism.
Step 1 :(CH_3)_3COH + HCl \overset{fast}\rightarrow (CH_3)_3COH_2^+ + Cl^-
Step 2 :(CH_3)_3COH_2^+ \overset{slow}\rightarrow (CH_3)_3C^+ + H_2O (rate determining)
Step 3 :(CH_3)_3C^+ + Cl^- \overset{fast}\rightarrow (CH_3)_3CCl
The overall reaction, therefore, is:
File:T-butanol-chloride.gif
Because tert-butanol is a tertiary alcohol, the relative stability of the tert-butyl carbocation in the Step 2 allows the SN1 mechanism to be followed. Primary alcohols generally require an SN2 mechanism because the energy barrier to produce a primary carbocation is so high that it will not reasonably happen. The SN2 mechanism allows the carbocation intermediate to be avoided.
Tesla (unit)
The tesla (symbol T) is the SI derived unit of magnetic field (specifically magnetic flux density). The tesla is equal to one weber per square metre and was defined in 1960 in honor of inventor, scientist and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla.

# Definition

# Conversions
1 tesla is equivalent to:
- 10,000 (or 104) gauss (G), used in CGS system. Thus, 10 G = 1 mT (1 millitesla)
- 1,000,000,000 (or 109) gammas (), used in geophysics. Thus, 1  = 1 nT (nanotesla)

# Examples
Testolactone

# Overview
Testolactone, or Teslac (brand name) is an antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and is used to treat advanced stage breast cancer.

# Pharmacology
Testolactone is a synthetic antineoplastic agent that is structurally distinct from the androgen steroid nucleus in possessing a six-membered lactone ring in place of the usual five-membered carbocyclic D-ring. Despite some similarity to testosterone, testolactone has no in vivo androgenic effect. No other hormonal effects have been reported in clinical studies in patients receiving testolactone.

# Mechanism of Action
The principal action of testolactone is reported to be inhibition of steroid aromatase activity and the reduction in estrone synthesis that fallows. Androstenedione, a 19-carbon steroid hormone produced in the adrenal glands and the gonads, is where estrone synthesis originates and is the source of estrogen in postmenopausal women. In vitro studies report that the aromatase inhibition may be noncompetitive and irreversible, and could possibly account for the persistence of this drug's effect on estrogen synthesis after drug withdrawal.

# Uses
This drug is mainly used for treating various types of breast cancer in women who have been through menopause or whose ovaries no longer function. It works by blocking the production of estrogen, which helps prevent the growth of breast cancers that are activated by estrogen. It may also prevent tumor cells from being activated by other hormones.

# Side effects
The most COMMON side effects include:
- Abnormal skin sensations
- Aches of the legs and arms
- General body discomfort
- Hair loss
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Redness of the tongue
- Vomiting
Thioescaline
TE, or thioescaline, is a series of lesser-known psychedelic drugs similar in structure to Escaline. They were first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin and written up in his book PIHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved).  Very little data is known about their dangers or toxicity.

# TE compounds

## 3-TE
Dosage: 60-80 mg
Duration: 8-12 hours
Effects: increased pleasure from art and music, lowering of pitch, and time distortion

## 4-TE
Dosage: 20-30 mg
Duration: 9-12 hours
Effects: open-eye visuals, easy conversation. +++ on the Shulgin Rating Scale
Thiofentanyl
Thiofentanyl is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of fentanyl.
Thiofentanyl was sold briefly on the black market in the early 1980s, before the introduction of the Federal Analog Act which for the first time attempted to control entire families of drugs based on their structural similarity rather than scheduling each drug individually as they appeared.  Thiofentanyl is made with the same synthetic route as fentanyl, but by substituting 2-(2-bromoethyl)thiophene for phenethyl bromide in the synthesis.
Thiofentanyl has similar effects to fentanyl. Side effects of fentanyl analogues are similar to those of fentanyl itself, which include itching, nausea and potentially serious respiratory depression which can be life-threatening.
Thiostrepton
Thiostrepton is a natural cyclic oligopeptide antibiotic, derived from several strains of strepromycetes, such as Streptomyces azureus, Streptomyces laurentii.

# Properties
- Synonyms: Alaninamide, Bryamycin , Thiactin
- CAS number:  1393-48-2
- Merck index:  14: 9364
- Molecular weight:  1664.89
- Molecular Formula:  C72H85N19O18S5
- Melting point:  decomposes at 246-256oC
- Solubility information:  Soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, dioxane, pyridine, glacial acetic acid, DMF. Practically insoluble in water, the lower alcohols, nonpolar organic solvents, diluted aqeous acids or bases. May be dissolved by methanolic acid or base, but with decomposition. Working solution of 1% in DMSO is unstable and should be freshly prepared and protected  from light.
- Appearance:  White to off-white powder

# History
Thiostrepton was discovered by DONOVICK R, PAGANO JF, STOUT HA, WEINSTEIN MJ. in 1955 (Antibiot Annu. 1955-1956;3:554-9), who desribed its antibacterial properties.
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin solved the structure of Thiostrepton in 1970.

# Applications
Thiostrepton  has been used in veterinary medicine in mastitis caused by gram-negative organisms and in dermatologic disorders. It is mostly used in complex ointments containing Neomycin, Nystatin, Thiostrepton and topical steroides. It is also active against gram-positive bacteria.
Recently, Thiostrepton has been reported to exhibit antimalarial and anticancer activities
Thiostrepton is used in molecular biology as a reagent for both positive and negative selection of genes involved in nucleotide metabolism.
Thomas Diflo
Thomas Diflo, M.D., F.A.C.S. is a transplant surgeon and Assistant Professor of Surgery (Kidney, Liver and Pancreatic Transplantation, General and Hepatobiliary Surgery) at New York University Medical Center.
In a Village Voice article, Dr. Diflo has claimed that organs from executed Chinese criminals have been used for transplantation and that within a three-year period he treated six patients who have paid for and received such transplants.
While many organs from condemned prisoners are transplanted in China, there is also, according to the article, "a thriving black market in organs sold by live, willing donors in poorer nations with medical know-how, like India. 'I believe that both  are morally and ethically reprehensible,' Diflo says. 'If there are degrees of reprehensibility, however, China wins hands down' because the organs are coming from the executed...'."

# Biography
Diflo graduated from Boston University School of Medicine in 1984, and held a surgical internship at Boston University Medical Center from 1984 to 1985. His residency training in surgery was at Boston University Medical Center from 1985 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1991. He held clinical fellowships at New England Deaconess Hospital (Transplantation Research, 1986-1988 and 1991-1992). Diflo is Board Certified in Surgery (1992) and Surgical Critical Care (1995) and is co-author of over 50 published articles.
Thoracoscopy

# Overview
Thoracoscopy is a medical procedure involving internal inspection of the pleural cavity. It was developed by Hans Christian Jacobaeus, a Swedish internist in 1910 for the treatment of tuberculous intra-thoracic adhesions. He used a cystoscope to examine the thoracic cavity, developing his technique over the next twenty years.
Thoracoscopy may be performed either under general anaesthesia or under sedation with local anaesthetic.

# Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a surgical operation involving thoracoscopy, performed by a thoracic surgeon using general anaesthesia.
de:Thorakoskopie
Thrombectomy

# Overview
A thrombectomy is the excision of an abnormal or dangerous thrombus (blood clot).
It is performed intraluminally (meaning directly in the cavity of a vessel) using a balloon catheter. The thrombus is then either pressed against the walls in order to restore at least part of the natural lumen; or the balloon is 'opened' after the thrombus and then carefully moved retrogradely so that the clot can be drawn out of the vessel.
Thrombectomies usually occur as a result of thrombosis or a blood clot in a vein or artery. Thrombectomies can be used to clear a blockage in a fistula (AV fistulas used for dialysis kidney treatment).

# Indications
- An unsuccessful treatment with fibrinolysis
- The occurrence of a mobile thrombosis
- Phlegmasia coerulea dolens

# Types
Catheter Thrombectomy: which is of further divided into
- Balloon Thrombectomy
- Aspiration Thrombectomy
Surgical Thrombectomy

# Video explaining Thrombectomy

# 2013 Revised ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and 2011, 2009 and 2005 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (DO NOT EDIT)

# 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (DO NOT EDIT)

## Thrombectomy (DO NOT EDIT)
Thrombolysis

# Overview
Thrombolysis is the breakdown (lysis) of blood clots by pharmacological means. It is colloquially referred to as clot busting for this reason. It works by stimulating fibrinolysis by plasmin through infusion of analogs of tissue plasminogen activator, the protein that normally activates plasmin.

# Agents
Thrombolysis requires the use of thrombolytic drugs, which are either derived from Streptomyces spp. or (more recently) the effect of recombinant technology, where human activators of plasminogen (e.g. tissue plasminogen activator, tPA) are manufactured by bacteria.
Some commonly used thrombolytics are
- streptokinase
- urokinase
- alteplase (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator or rtPA).
- reteplase
- tenecteplase

# Principles
Formation of blood clots lies at the basis of a number of serious diseases (see below). By breaking down the clot, the disease process can be arrested, or the complications reduced. While other anticoagulants (such as heparin) decrease the "growth" of a clot, thrombolytic agents actively reduce the size of the clot.
All thrombolytic agents work by activating the enzyme plasminogen, which clears the cross-linked fibrin mesh (the backbone of a clot). This makes the clot soluble and subject to further proteolysis by other enzymes, and restores blood flow over occluded blood vessels.

# Uses
Diseases where thrombolysis is used:
- Myocardial infarction
- Stroke (ischemic stroke)
- Massive pulmonary embolism
- Acute limb ischaemia
- Deep venous thrombosis
Apart from streptokinase, all thrombolytic drugs are administered together with heparin (unfractionated or low molecular weight heparin), usually for 24-48 hours.
Thrombolysis is usually intravenous. It may also be used during an angiogram (intra-arterial thrombolysis), e.g. when patients present with stroke beyond three hours.
In some settings, emergency medical technicians may administer thrombolysis for heart attacks in prehospital settings.

# Contradictions
These are contraindicated in bleeding disorders, active bleeding and when there has been recent surgery. Diabetic retinopathy is a relative contraindication, as is untreated high blood pressure. Warfarin treatment increases risk of bleeding and is a relative contraindication.
Streptokinase is contraindicated in patients who have been previously treated with streptokinase, as there is a risk of anaphylaxis (life-threatening allergic reaction) due to the production of antibodies against the enzyme.
Thymopoietin
Lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2), isoforms beta/gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMPO gene. LAP2 is an inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein.
Thymopoietin is a protein involved in the induction of CD90 in the thymus.  The thymopoetin (TMPO) gene encodes three alternatively spliced mRNAs encoding proteins of 75 kDa (alpha), 51 kDa (beta) and 39 kDa (gamma) which are ubiquitously expressed in all cells. The human TMPO gene maps to chromosome band 12q22 and consists of eight exons. TMPO alpha is present diffusely expressed with the cell nucleus while TMPO beta and gamma are localized to the nuclear membrane. TMPO beta is a human homolog of the murine protein LAP2. LAP2 plays a role in the regulation of nuclear architecture by binding lamin B1 and chromosomes. This interaction is regulated by phosphorylation during mitosis. Given the nuclear localization of the three TMPO isoforms, it is unlikely that these proteins play any role in CD90 induction.

# Interactions
Thymopoietin has been shown to interact with Barrier to autointegration factor 1, AKAP8L, LMNB1 and LMNA.
Tiabendazole

# Overview
Tiabendazole (INN, BAN), thiabendazole (AAN, USAN), TBZ and the trade names Mintezol, Tresaderm, and Arbotect) is a fungicide and parasiticide.

# Uses

## Fungicide
It is used primarily to control mold, blight, and other fungal diseases in fruits (e.g. oranges) and vegetables; it is also used as a prophylactic treatment for Dutch elm disease.
Use in treatment of aspergillosis has been reported.

## Parasiticide
As an antiparasitic, it is able to control roundworms (such as those causing  strongyloidiasis), hookworms, and other helminth species which attack wild animals, livestock and humans.

## Angiogenesis inhibitor
Genes responsible for the maintenance of cell walls in yeast have been shown to be responsible for angiogenesis in vertebrates. Tiabendazole serves to block angiogenesis in both frog embryos and human cells. It has also been shown to serve as a vascular disrupting agent to reduce newly established blood vessels. Tiabendazole has been shown to effectively do this in certain cancer cells 

# Pharmacodynamics
TBZ works by inhibition of the mitochondrial, helminth-specific enzyme, fumarate reductase, with possible interaction with endogenous quinone.

# Other
Medicinally, thiabendazole is also a chelating agent, which means it is used medicinally to bind metals in cases of metal poisoning, such as lead, mercury, or antimony poisoning.
In dogs and cats, thiabendazole is used to treat ear infections.
Thiabendazole is also used as a food additive, a preservative with E number E233 (INS number 233).  For example, it is applied to bananas to ensure freshness, and is a common ingredient in the waxes applied to the skins of citrus fruits. It is not approved as a food additive in the EU, Australia and New Zealand.

# Safety
The substance appears to have a slight toxicity in higher doses, with effects such as liver and intestinal disorders at high exposure in test animals (just below Template:LD50 level). Some reproductive disorders and decreasing weaning weight have been observed, also at high exposure. Effects on humans from use as a drug include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, or headache; very rarely also ringing in the ears, vision changes, stomach pain, yellowing eyes and skin, dark urine, fever, fatigue, increased thirst and change in the amount of urine occur. Carcinogenic effects have been shown at higher doses.