Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
ZAP70
ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein normally expressed near the surface membrane of T cells and natural killer cells. It is part of the T cell receptor, and plays a critical role in T-cell signaling. Its molecular weight is 70 kDa, and it is a member of the protein-tyrosine kinase family.

# Clinical significance
ZAP-70 in B cells is used as a prognostic marker in identifying different forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). DNA analysis has distinguished two major types of CLL, with different survival times. CLL that is positive for the marker ZAP-70 has an average survival of 8 years. CLL that is negative for ZAP-70 has an average survival of more than 25 years. Many patients, especially older ones, with slowly progressing disease can be reassured and may not need any treatment in their lifetimes.
In systemic lupus erythematosus, the Zap-70 receptor pathway is missing and Syk takes its place.
ZAP70 deficiency results in a form of immune deficiency.

# Function
T lymphocytes are activated by engagement of the T cell receptor with processed antigen fragments presented by professional antigen presenting cells (i.e. macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells) via the MHC. Upon this activation, the TCR co-receptor CD4 or CD8 binds to the MHC, activating the co-receptor associated tyrosine kinase Lck. Lck phosphorylates the intracellular portions of the CD3 complex (called ITAMs), creating a docking site for ZAP-70. The most important member of the CD3 family is CD3-zeta, to which ZAP-70 binds (hence the abbreviation). The tandem SH2-domains of ZAP-70 are engaged by the doubly phosphorylated ITAMs of CD3-zeta, which positions ZAP-70 to phosphorylate the transmembrane protein linker of activated T cells (LAT). Phosphorylated LAT, in turn, serves as a docking site to which a number of signalling proteins bind including SLP-76. SLP-76 is also phosphorylated by ZAP-70, which requires its activation by Src family kinases. The final outcome of T cell activation is the transcription of several gene products which allow the T cells to differentiate, proliferate and secrete a number of cytokines.

# Interactions
ZAP-70 has been shown to interact with:
- Cbl gene,
- Drebrin-like,
- FYN,
- Lck,
- LAT,
- SHB,  and
- SHC1.
ZFP36
Tristetraprolin (TTP), also known as zinc finger protein 36 homolog (ZFP36), is a protein that in humans, mice and rats is encoded by the ZFP36 gene. It is a member of the TIS11 (TPA-induced sequence) family, along with butyrate response factors 1 and 2.
TTP binds to AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNAs of some cytokines and promotes their degradation. For example, TTP is a component of a negative feedback loop that interferes with TNF-alpha production by destabilizing its mRNA.  Mice deficient in TTP develop a complex syndrome of inflammatory diseases.

# Interactions
ZFP36 has been shown to interact with 14-3-3 protein family members, such as YWHAH, and with NUP214, a member of the nuclear pore complex.

# Regulation
Post-transcriptionally, TTP is regulated in several ways. The subcellular localization of TTP is influenced by interactions with protein partners such as the 14-3-3 family of proteins. These interactions and, possibly, interactions with target mRNAs are affected by the phosphorylation state of TTP, as the protein can be posttranslationally modified by a large number of protein kinases. There is some evidence that the TTP transcript may also be targeted by microRNAs, such as miR-29a.
ZFP57
Zinc finger protein 57 homolog (ZFP57), also known as zinc finger protein 698 (ZNF698), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFP57 gene.

# Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger protein containing a KRAB domain. Studies in mouse suggest that this protein may function as a transcriptional repressor.

# Clinical significance
Mutations in the ZFP57 gene may be associated with transient neonatal diabetes mellitus.
Zocor
Synonyms / Brand Names:Cholestat, Coledis, Colemin, Corolin, Denan, Labistatin, Lipex, Lodales, Medipo, Nivelipol, Pantok, Rendapid, Simovil, Simvastatin, Simvastatina, Simvastatine, Simvastatinum, Sinvacor, Sivastin, Synvinolin, Vasotenal, Vytorin, Zocor, Zocord

# Dosing and Administration
The recommended usual starting dose is 20 to 40 mg once a day in the evening. For patients at high
risk for a CHD event due to existing coronary heart disease, diabetes, peripheral vessel disease, history
-f stroke or other cerebrovascular disease, the recommended starting dose is 40 mg/day. Lipid
determinations should be performed after 4 weeks of therapy and periodically thereafter
For more information on dosing please refer to  Zocor instructions for administration
FDA Package Insert Resources
Indications, Contraindications, Side Effects, Drug Interactions, etc.
Calculate Creatine Clearance
On line calculator of your patients Cr Cl by a variety of formulas.
Convert pounds to Kilograms
On line calculator of your patients weight in pounds to Kg for dosing estimates.
 Publication Resources
Recent articles, WikiDoc State of the Art Review, Textbook Information
Trial Resources
Ongoing Trials, Trial Results
Guidelines & Evidence Based Medicine Resources
US National Guidelines, Cochrane Collaboration, etc.
Media Resources
Slides, Video, Images, MP3, Podcasts, etc.
Patient Resources
Discussion Groups, Handouts, Blogs, News, etc.
International Resources
en Espanol

# FDA Package Insert Resources
Indications
Contraindications
Side Effects
Drug Interactions
Precautions
Overdose
Instructions for Administration
How Supplied
Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Data
FDA label
FDA on Zocor
Return to top

# Publication Resources
Most Recent Articles on Zocor
Review Articles on Zocor
Articles on Zocor in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
WikiDoc State of the Art Review
Textbook Information on Zocor
Return to top

# Trial Resources
Ongoing Trials with Zocor at Clinical Trials.gov
Trial Results with Zocor
Return to top

# Guidelines & Evidence Based Medicine Resources
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Zocor
Cochrane Collaboration on Zocor
Cost Effectiveness of Zocor
Return to top

# Media Resources
Powerpoint Slides on Zocor
Images of Zocor
Podcasts & MP3s on Zocor
Videos on Zocor
Return to top

# Patient Resources
Patient Information from National Library of Medicine
Patient Resources on Zocor
Discussion Groups on Zocor
Patient Handouts on Zocor
Blogs on Zocor
Zocor in the News
Zocor in the Marketplace
Return to top

# International Resources
Zocor en Espanol
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Adapted from the FDA Package Insert.
2C-C
2C-C is a psychedelic drug of the 2C family.  It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, sometimes used as an entheogen.  The full name of the chemical is 4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine.  In his book PIHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as 20 to 40 mg. 2C-C is usually taken orally, but may also be insufflated .  2C-C is unscheduled and uncontrolled in the United States, but possession and sales of 2C-C could potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analog Act because of 2C-C's close structural similarity to 2C-B.
Not much information is known about the toxicity of 2C-C. Many users report that 2C-C is gentler and more sedating than other closely related psychedelic phenethylamines.

# Effects
- The visual effects of 2C-C are similar to those of LSD or psilocybin mushrooms.  Nasal insufflation or rectal administration bypasses first pass metabolism, requiring about half the dose normally used orally; the effects occur within 2-30 minutes via these routes and tend to last about an hour less.   There are very few negative side effects attributed to 2C-C.
- The effects can take up to two hours to manifest.
- Over the approximate dose range 20-40mg, effects last respectively, approximately, 4 to 8 hours.  Increased dosages increase the duration of the trip .

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
2C-D
2C-D is a psychedelic drug of the 2C family.  It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, sometimes used as an entheogen. The full name of the chemical is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methyl-phenethylamine. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as being from 20 to 80 mg. Lower doses (generally 10mg or less) of 2C-D have been explored as a potential nootropic, albeit with mixed results. 2C-D is generally taken orally, though may be insufflated (ie taken nasally). Insufflating tends to cause intense pain, however, and the dosage level is usual much lower, typically in the region of 1 to 15mg.
Not much information is known about the toxicity of 2C-D, as no major studies have been conducted. According to Shulgin, the effects of 2C-D typically last for 4-6 hours. Shulgin himself referred to this substance as a pharmacological tofu, meaning that when mixed with other substances, it can extend or potentiate their effects without coloring the experience too much, in a manner similar to how tofu absorbs the flavors of sauces or spices it is cooked with. Some people have claimed 2C-D is relatively uninteresting on its own, but many other users have strongly disagreed with this assessment and believe instead 2C-D to be a true psychedelic in its own right. Hanscarl Leuner, working in Germany, explored the use of 2C-D under the name LE-25 in psychotherapeutic research.

# Law
2C-D is currently unscheduled and uncontrolled in the United States, but the possession and sale of 2C-D could potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analog Act due to its structural similarities to 2C-B and 2C-T-7.
2C-D and all other compounds featuring in PiHKAL are illegal drugs in the United Kingdom.
2C-G
2C-G is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family.  It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, sometimes used as an entheogen. It has structural and pharmacodynamic properties similar to 2C-D and Ganesha. Like many of the phenethylamines in PiHKAL, 2C-G and its homologues (see below) have only been taken by Shulgin and a small test group, making it difficult to ensure completeness when describing effects.

# Chemistry
2C-G is 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, with the formula C12H19NO2. There are 209.284 grams of C12H19NO2 per mole (209.284 g/mol).

# Dosage and Effects
In Shulgin's book PiHKAL, the dosage range is listed as 20 to 35 mg. Effects are similar to the related Ganesha, and are extremely long lasting; the duration is 18-30 hours. Visual effects are muted or absent, and it is described in PiHKAL as an "insight-enhancher" . Unlike other members of the 2C- family, 2C-G is nearly as potent as its amphetamine cousin.

# Homologues
Several homologues of 2C-G were also synthesized by Shulgin. These include 2C-G-3, 2C-G-5, and 2C-G-N. Some, such as 2C-G-2 and 2C-G-4, are possible to synthesize in principle but impossible or extraordinarily difficult to do so in practice.

# Law
2C-G and all of its homologues are unscheduled and uncontrolled in the United States, but possession and sales of 2C-G (and homologues) will probably be persecuted under the Federal Analog Act because of their structural similarities to 2C-B.
2C-G and all other compounds featuring in PiHKAL are Class A drugs in the United Kingdom.

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL

# Categorization
2C-N
2C-N, or 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-nitrophenethylamine, is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family.  It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, sometimes used as an entheogen.

# Chemistry
The full name of the chemical is 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-nitrophenyl)ethanamine.
Salts of 2C-N have a bright yellow to orange color due to the presence of the nitro group, unlike all other members of the 2C family in which the salts are white.

# Dosage
In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as 100-150 mg.  2C-N is generally taken orally, and effects typically last 4 to 6 hours.

# Dangers
There have been no reported deaths or hospitalizations from 2C-N, but its safety profile is unknown.

# Law
2C-N is unscheduled and uncontrolled in the United States, but possession and sales of 2C-N may potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analog Act because of its structural similarities to 2C-T-7 or 2C-B.  The legality of 2C-N is under scrutiny as of July 2004, due to Operation Web Tryp.
2C-N and most (possibly all) other compounds featuring in PiHKAL are illegal drugs in the United Kingdom.

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
2C-O
2C-O (or 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a phenethylamine of the 2C family.  It is also a positional isomer of mescaline and was first synthesized by Jansen in 1931.  This chemical is also called 2,4,5-TMPEA.  It has structurally similar to the drugs mescaline and 2C-D.

# Chemistry
2C-O is in a class of compounds commonly known as phenethylamines, and the full chemical name is 2-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine.

# Effects
Although not centrally active itself, 2,4,5-TMPEA appeared to potentiate the action of mescaline when employed as pretreatment 45 minutes prior to the administration of mescaline.

# Dangers
The toxicity of 2C-O is not known.

# Law
2C-O is unscheduled and unregulated in the United States, however its close similarity in structure to mescaline and 2C-B could potentially subject possession and sale of 2C-O to prosecution under the Federal Analog Act.
2C-O and all other compounds featuring in PiHKAL are Class A drugs in the United Kingdom.

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
2C-P
2C-P is an entheogenic phenethylamine and 2C compound first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin.

# Chemistry
2C-P is 2,5-dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylphenethylamine.  The full name of the chemical is 2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-propylphenyl)ethanamine.

# Dosage
In his book 'PiHKAL' (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Shulgin listed 2C-P's dosage between 6-10 mg, with 16 mg being labelled an "overdose."  2C-P is one of the most potent in the 2C family of psychedelics, rivalled only by 2C-TFM.  A consistent feature with 2C-P is a steep dose/response curve.  As little as 1 to 2 mg can be the difference between effects which are moderate and enjoyable, and those which are excessive and frightening.  The need for an accurate milligram scale is of the utmost importance with 2C-P.

# Effects
2C-P produces intense hallucinogenic, psychedelic, and entheogenic effects.  The drug has a very slow onset if ingested, and peak effects do not occur for 3 to 5 hours.  A 2C-P experience can last anywhere between 10 to 16 hours, or even longer with higher dosages.
Many have reported that the effects of 2C-P are similar to other phenethylamines, especially 2C-E, but are significantly longer lasting.  Intense visionary experiences similar to those of LSD have been reported, and many reports indicate that the effects of this particular chemical may be overwhelming for those not well experienced with psychedelics.

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
2C-T
2C-T (or 4-methylthio-2,5-DMPEA) is a psychedelic and hallucinogenic drug of the 2C family.  It is used by some as an entheogen. It has structural and pharmacodynamic properties similar to the drugs mescaline and 2C-T-2.  It was first synthesized and studied through a collaboration between David E. Nichols and Alexander Shulgin.

# Chemistry
2C-T is in a class of compounds commonly known as phenethylamines, and is the 4-methylthio analogue of 2C-O, a positional isomer of mescaline.  It is also the 2C analog of Aleph.  The full name of the chemical is 4-methylthio-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine. The CAS number of 2C-T is 61638-09-3.

# Effects
2C-T's active dosage is around 75-150mg and produces mescaline and MDMA-like effects that may last up to 6 hours.

# Pharmacology
The mechanism that produces 2C-Ts hallucinogenic and entheogenic effects has not been specifically established, however it is most likely to result from action as a 5-HT2A serotonin receptor agonist in the brain, a mechanism of action shared by all of the hallucinogenic tryptamines and phenethylamines for which the mechanism of action is known.

# Dangers
The toxicity of 2C-T is not well documented.  2C-T is considerably less potent than other related drugs such as 2C-T-7, but it may be expected that at higher doses it would display similar toxicity to that of other phenethylamines of the 2C-T family. Other phenethylamine derivatives substituted with an alkylthio group at the 4 position such as 2C-T-7 and 4-MTA are known to act as selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, a side effect which can lead to lethal serotonin syndrome when they are combined with stimulant drugs. Most confirmed fatalities involving 2C-T drugs involve their combination with other hard drugs such as alcohol, ecstasy or cocaine.

# Popularity
2C-T is almost unknown on the black market although it has rarely been sold by "research chemical" companies.  Limited accounts of 2C-T can be found in the book PiHKAL.

# Legality
2C-T is unscheduled and unregulated in the United States; however its close similarity in structure and effects to 2C-T-7 could potentially subject possession and sale of 2C-T to prosecution under the Federal Analog Act. This seems to be the tack the federal government is taking in the wake of the DEA's Operation Web Tryp. A series of Court Cases in the US involving the prosecution of several online vendors were commenced in 2004 and resulted in a number of convictions.

# Reference
-  Template:CitePiHKAL
A1CF
APOBEC1 complementation factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the A1CF gene.

# Gene
Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and three full-length transcript variants, encoding three distinct isoforms, have been described. Additional splicing has been observed but the full-length nature of these variants has not been determined.

# Function
Mammalian apolipoprotein B mRNA undergoes site-specific C to U deamination, which is mediated by a multi-component enzyme complex containing a minimal core composed of APOBEC1 and a complementation factor encoded by this gene. The gene product has three non-identical RNA recognition motifs and belongs to the hnRNP R family of RNA-binding proteins. It has been proposed that this complementation factor functions as an RNA-binding subunit and docks APOBEC1 to deaminate the upstream cytidine. Studies suggest that the protein may also be involved in other RNA editing or RNA processing events.
Its deletion results in lethality in mice.

# Interactions
A1CF has been shown to interact with APOBEC1, CUGBP2, and SYNCRIP.
AATK
Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK1 (also known as Apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the (AATK) gene.

# Structure and expression
The gene was identified in 1998. It is located on chromosome 17 (17q25.3) and is expressed in the pancreas, kidney, brain and lungs. The protein is composed of 1,207 amino acids.

# Function
The protein contains a tyrosine kinase domain at the N-terminal end and a proline-rich domain at the c-terminal end.  Studies of the mouse homologue have indicated that it may be necessary for the induction of growth arrest and/or apoptosis of myeloid precursor cells. It may also have a role in inducing differentiation in neuronal cells.
Its suppressive role on melanoma development has been reported recently.
AATK is thought to indirectly inhibit the SPAK/WNK4 activation of the Na-K-Cl cotransporter.
ABI1
Abl interactor 1 also known as Abelson interactor 1 (Abi-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABI1 gene.

# Function
Abl interactor 1 has been found to form a complex with EPS8 and SOS1, and is thought to be involved in the transduction of signals from Ras to Rac. In addition, the encoded protein may play a role in the regulation of EGF-induced Erk pathway activation as well as cytoskeletal reorganization and EGFR signaling. Several transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been found for this gene.
Abi1 is adaptor protein. It interacts with c-Abl and WAVE2 which is an actin polymerization regulator. It is known that Abi1 enhances the phosphorylation of WAVE2 by c-Abl. The phosphorylation of c-Abl promotes actin polymerization. Furthermore, Abi1 is a component of the WAVE complex. Some research has shown that knockdown of Abi1 by siRNA promoted degradation of WAVE complex proteins.

# Interactions
ABI1 has been shown to interact with
ENAH, NCKAP1, EPS8, and SOS1.
ABL2
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 also known as Abelson-related gene  (Arg) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ABL2 gene.

# Function
ABL2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase which is closely related to but distinct from ABL1.  The similarity of the proteins includes the tyrosine kinase domains and extends amino-terminal to include the SH2 and SH3 domains.  ABL2 is expressed in both normal and tumor cells. The expression of ABL2 gene is higher in KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer. The ABL2 gene product is expressed as two variants bearing different amino termini, both approximately 12-kb in length.

# Interactions
ABL2 has been shown to interact with three proteins: Abl gene, catalase, and SORBS2. The protein Abl gene is also known as abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 and is a protein that is encoded by the human ABL1 gene. Catalase is a common enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. SORBS2 is also known as Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 2 and is a protein encoded by the SORBS2 gene in humans.
ACHE
Acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group), also known as AChE, is a human enzyme coded for by a gene.
Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms, which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single AChE gene; and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle, and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively-spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally.
Acetylcholinesterase is the target of nerve gases. The  agents blocks the function of acetylcholinesterase and thus causes interminable muscle contraction throughout the body.
ACP1
Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACP1 gene.
The product of this gene belongs to the phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase family of proteins. It functions as an acid phosphatase and a protein tyrosine phosphatase by hydrolyzing protein tyrosine phosphate to protein tyrosine and orthophosphate. This enzyme also hydrolyzes orthophosphoric monoesters to alcohol and orthophosphate. This gene is genetically polymorphic, and three common alleles segregating at the corresponding locus give rise to six phenotypes. Each allele appears to encode at least two electrophoretically different isozymes, Bf and Bs, which are produced in allele-specific ratios. Three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

# Interactions
ACP1 has been shown to interact with EPH receptor A2 and EPH receptor B1.