Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
FLII
Protein flightless-1 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLII gene.
This gene encodes a protein with a gelsolin-like actin binding domain and an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat-protein protein interaction domain. The protein is similar to a Drosophila protein involved in early embryogenesis and the structural organization of indirect flight muscle. The gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17.

# Interactions
FLII has been shown to interact with LRRFIP1 and TRAF interacting protein.
FLNB
Filamin B, beta (FLNB), also known as Filamin B, beta (actin binding protein 278), is a cytoplasmic protein which in humans is encoded by the FLNB gene.
FLNB regulates intracellular communication and signalling by cross-linking the protein actin to allow direct communication between the cell membrane and cytoskeletal network, to control and guide proper skeletal development.
Mutations in the FLNB gene are involved in several lethal bone dysplasias, including boomerang dysplasia and atelosteogenesis type I.

# Interactions
FLNB has been shown to interact with GP1BA, Filamin, FBLIM1, PSEN1, CD29 and PSEN2.
FNTA
Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FNTA gene.
Prenyltransferases attach either a farnesyl group or a geranylgeranyl group in thioether linkage to the cysteine residue of protein's with a C-terminal CAAX box. CAAX geranylgeranyltransferase and CAAX farnesyltransferase are heterodimers that share the same alpha subunit but have different beta subunits. This gene encodes the alpha subunit of these transferases. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

# Interactions
FNTA has been shown to interact with TGF beta receptor 1.
RBM9
RNA binding motif protein 9 (RBM9), also known as Rbfox2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RBM9  gene.

# Function
Rbfox2  is one of several human genes similar to the C. elegans gene Fox-1. This gene encodes an RNA binding protein that is thought to be a key regulator of alternative splicing in the nervous system and other cell types. Rbfox2 and the related protein Rbfox1 bind to conserved (U)GCAUG RNA motifs in the introns adjacent to many alternatively spliced exons and promotes inclusion or exclusion of the alternative exon in mature transcripts. The protein also interacts with the estrogen receptor 1 transcription factor and regulates estrogen receptor 1 transcriptional activity. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Rbfox2, as determined by CLIP-seq, binds near alternatively spliced exons and regulates the inclusion or exclusion of exons during alternative splicing by binding in introns either downstream (inclusion) or upstream (exon skipping) of exons.  Its presence is important for stem cell survival and knockdowns of Rbfox2 activate markers for apoptosis.
FUT8
Alpha-(1,6)-fucosyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FUT8 gene.
This enzyme belongs to the family of fucosyltransferases. The product of this gene catalyzes the transfer of fucose from GDP-fucose to N-linked type complex glycopeptides. This enzyme is distinct from other fucosyltransferases which catalyze alpha1-2, alpha1-3, and alpha1-4 fucose addition. The expression of this gene may contribute to the malignancy of cancer cells and to their invasive and metastatic capabilities. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.
Kyowa Hakko Kirin's "Potelligent" platform uses a CHO cell line in which FUT8 has been knocked out to make afucosylated monoclonal antibodies.
FXR1
Fragile X mental retardation syndrome-related protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FXR1 gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is an RNA binding protein that interacts with the functionally similar proteins FMR1 and FXR2. These proteins shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm and associate with polyribosomes, predominantly with the 60S ribosomal subunit. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

# Interactions
FXR1 has been shown to interact with FXR2, FMR1  and CYFIP2.
FZD3
Frizzled-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD3 gene.

# Function
This gene is a member of the frizzled gene family. Members of this family encode seven-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for the Wingless type MMTV integration site family of signaling proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway.  It may play a role in mammalian hair follicle development.
The function of this gene is largely derived from mouse studies. Fzd3 in the mouse functions through planar cell polarity signaling instead of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Fzd3 controls axon growth and guidance in the mouse nervous system, and migration of neural crest cells.
FZD6
Frizzled-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD6 gene.
Members of the 'frizzled' gene family encode 7-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for WNT signaling proteins. The FZD6 protein contains a signal peptide, a cysteine-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, and 7 transmembrane domains. However, unlike many other FZD family members, FDZ6 does not contain a C-terminal PDZ domain-binding motif. The FZD6 protein is believed to be the receptor for the WNT4 ligand.

# Interactions
FZD6 has been shown to interact with Secreted frizzled-related protein 1.
Face

# Overview
The face is the front part of the head and includes the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, ears, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum,  teeth, skin, and chin. The face is used for expression, appearance, and identity amongst others. 

# The face as a means of recognition
The face is the feature which best distinguishes a person, often at first glance. It is unique to each person.
Caricatures often exaggerate facial features to make a face easily recognized in association with a pronounced portion of the face of the individual in question. Exaggeration of memorable features helps people to recognize others when presented in a caricature form. 
Cosmetic surgery is often used to alter the appearance of the facial features.
FiO2
FiO2, in the field of medicine, is the fraction of inspired oxygen in a gas mixture.
The FiO2 is expressed as a number from 0 (0%) to 1 (100%). 
The FiO2 of normal room air is 0.21 (21%).
A patient's FiO2 may be varied through the use of different Venturi masks, in combination with varying oxygen flow rates.  In addition, most mechanical ventilators have controls for adjusting FiO2. An increased FiO2 is necessary in managing adequate oxygenation in patients who are critically ill due to causes such as major surgery, acute lung injury, sepsis, pneumonia, congestive heart failure, or other cardiopulmonary disease.
Another common misconception is that the FiO2 changes with elevation. It remains at 0.21 at all altitudes within the atmosphere. What changes is the barometric pressure of air. At altitude, therefore, the partial pressure of oxygen delivered by that 21% of oxygen is lower.  The partial pressure is the driving force to oxygenate the blood and therefore a lower partial pressure makes it that much harder to get O2 delivered to the tissues that require it, resulting in hypoxia.
Foot
The foot is a biological structure found in many animals that is used for locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is a separate organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws or nails.

# The human foot

## Anatomy
The major bones in the foot are:
- Phalanges: The bones in the toes are called phalanges.
- Metatarsals: The bones in the middle of the foot are called metatarsal bones.
- Cuneiforms: There are three bones in the middle of the foot, towards the centre of the body called cuneiforms.
- Cuboid: The bone sitting adjacent to the cuneiforms on the outside of the foot is called the cuboid.
- Navicular: This bone sits behind the cuneiforms.
- Talus: Also called the ankle bone, the talus sits directly behind the navicular.
- Calcaneus: Also called the heel bone, the calcaneus sits under the talus and behind the cuboid.
The foot also contains sesamoid bones in distal portion of the first metatarsal bone.

## Medical aspects
Due to their position and function, feet are exposed to a variety of potential infections and injuries, including athlete's foot, bunions, ingrown toenails, Morton's neuroma, plantar fasciitis, plantar warts and stress fractures.  In addition, there are several genetic conditions that can affect the shape and function of the feet, including a club foot or flat feet.
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of the feet practices podiatry and is called a podiatrist.  A pedorthist specializes in the use and modification of footwear to treat problems related to the lower limbs.
Reflexology is an alternative therapy which involves the stimulation of the nerves and skin of the feet to improve a person's health.

## Additional images
- A foot seen from the lateral view.
- Feet seen from the top.
- The soles of a male (left) and female (right) foot.
G6PC
Glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic subunit (glucose 6-phosphatase alpha) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the G6PC gene.
Glucose-6-phosphatase is an integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes the hydrolysis of D-glucose 6-phosphate to D-glucose and orthophosphate. It is a key enzyme in glucose homeostasis, functioning in gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.  Defects in the enzyme cause glycogen storage disease type I (von Gierke disease).

# Interactive pathway map
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. 
-  The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534"..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
GAIL
GAIL (India) Limited, is India's largest natural gas transportation company, integrating all aspects of the Natural Gas value chain.

# History
The company (previously known as Gas Authority of India Ltd) is India's principal gas transmission and marketing company, was set up by the Government of India in August 1984 to create gas sector infrastructure.
GAIL commissioned 2800-km Hazira-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur (HVJ) pipeline in 1991. During 1991-93, three LPG plants were constructed and some regional pipelines acquired, enabling GAIL to begin its  gas transportation in various parts of India.
GAIL began its city gas distribution in New Delhi in 1997 by setting up nine CNG stations.
In 1999, GAIL set up northern India's only petrochemical plant at Pata.

# Trivia
GAIL is listed by Forbes as one of the world's 2,000 largest public companies in 2007.
GAS5
Growth arrest-specific 5 is a non-protein coding RNA that in humans is encoded by the GAS5 gene.
GAS5 noncoding RNA, which accumulates in growth arrested cells, acts as a decoy hormone response element for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and hence blocks the upregulation of gene expression by activated GR.
A number of studies have linked GAS5 to apoptosis and it may play a role in the progression of some types of cancer.
The GAS5 introns host several snoRNA sequences, including SNORD81, SNORD47, SNORD80, SNORD79, SNORD78, SNORD44, SNORD77, SNORD76, SNORD75 and SNORD74. These intronic sequences are more conserved than the exons of the host gene, these sorts of genes are often called "inside-out genes".
It was recently discovered that the nonsense-mediated degradation pathway can regulate the function of the GAS5 in mammalian cells.

# Transcriptions
GeneID: 60674 GAS5 growth arrest specific 5 (non-protein coding). "This gene produces a spliced long non-coding RNA and is a member of the 5' terminal oligo-pyrimidine class of genes. It is a small nucleolar RNA host gene, containing multiple C/D box snoRNA genes in its introns. Part of the secondary RNA structure of the encoded transcript mimics glucocorticoid response element (GRE) which means it can bind to the DNA binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1). This action blocks the glucocorticoid receptor from being activated and thereby stops it from regulating the transcription of its target genes. This transcript is also thought to regulate the transcriptional activity of other receptors, such as androgen, progesterone and mineralocorticoid receptors, that can bind to its GRE mimic region. Multiple functions have been associated with this transcript, including cellular growth arrest and apoptosis. It has also been identified as a potential tumor suppressor, with its down-regulation associated with cancer in multiple different tissues."
GAS6
Growth arrest-specific 6, also known as GAS6, is a human gene coding for the Gas6 protein. It is similar to the Protein S with the same domain organization and 43% amino acid identity. It was originally found as a gene upregulated by growth arrested fibroblasts.

# Function
Gas6 is a gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain-containing protein thought to be involved in the stimulation of cell proliferation.

# Interactions
Gas6 has been shown to interact with AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, MerTK and TYRO3.
The  presence of Gla needs a vitamin K-dependent enzymatic reaction that carboxylates the gamma carbon of certain glutamic residues of the protein during its production in the endoplasmic reticulum.
GBX2
Homeobox protein GBX-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GBX2 gene.

# Function
Gastrulation Brain Homeobox 2 (GBX2) is a homeobox gene involved in the normal development of rhombomeres 1-3 which is the mid/hindbrain region. This gene is a dosage dependent transcription factor involved in the regulation of proper expression of other genes. GBX2 expression occurs during gastrulation and continues to be expressed in the later stages of embryogenesis. During these different stages, GBX2 is responsible for several important processes.  In the neural plate stage GBX2 is required in order for the anterior hindbrain precursors to survive and form correctly. Also at this stage in development GBX2 is required for the proper regulation of different gene expression needed for the early establishment of A/P patterning in the neural plate. In the early stages of brain morphogenesis GBX2 is required for both the normal development of the anterior hindbrain and the proper formation of the mid/hindbrain organizer. Because of the effects on the mid/hindbrain organizer, GBX2 is involved in the positioning of the expression domain for isthmic FGF8. Since this is a dosage dependent gene, the different amounts of gene present in certain location can cause different outcomes. FGF8 is affected by the different dosages in the location it is expressed. The absence of GBX2 causes FGF8 expression is shifted caudally and over expression of GBX2 causes FGF8 expression to be shifted rostrally. Not all of the rhombomeres GBX2 is expressed in require the same strictness of dose regulation. Of the three, rhombomere 2 has the most strict dose requirements.

# Animal studies
Knockout of the GBX2 gene causes the failure of many structures to form, such as the isthmic nuclei, the cerebellum, motor nerve V and many other derivatives of rhombomeres 1-3. GBX2 gene knockout embryos will continue to develop and will reach full term pregnancy. The babies are born but if there is a lack of GBX2 expression all will die soon after birth.
Knockdown of the gbx2 gene leads to a truncated anterior hindbrain as well as abnormal clusters of cell bodies in r2 and r3 which are associated with problems in cranial nerve V. It has been shown that any structures derived from r1-r3 will be adversely affected by mutations or deficiencies in gbx2. These structures include the aortic arch and right Subclavian artery which, when improperly developed, can lead to cardiovascular defects in addition to craniofacial defects from improper development of cranial nerve V.
GCLC
Glutamatecysteine ligase catalytic subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GCLC gene.

# Function
Glutamate-cysteine ligase, also known as gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase is the first rate limiting enzyme of glutathione synthesis. The enzyme consists of two subunits, a heavy catalytic subunit and a light regulatory subunit. The gene encoding the catalytic subunit encodes a protein of 367 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 72.773 kDa and maps to chromosome 6. The regulatory subunit is derived from a different gene located on chromosome 1p22-p21. Deficiency of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in human is associated with enzymopathic hemolytic anemia.

# Model organisms
Model organisms have been used in the study of GCLC function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Gclctm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program  a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists  at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Twenty four tests were carried out on mutant mice, however no significant abnormalities were observed.
GCS1
Mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MOGS gene.
Glucosidase I is the first enzyme in the N-linked oligosaccharide processing pathway. GCS1 cleaves the distal alpha-1,2-linked glucose residue from the Glc(3)-Man(9)-GlcNAc(2) oligosaccharide precursor.  GCS1 is located in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.
GCS1 may also refer to "generative cell specific 1", also called HAP2 (hapless2), a gene of lower eukaryotes which is thought to be responsible for gametes fusion .
GDF3
Growth differentiation factor-3 (GDF3), also known as Vg-related gene 2 (Vgr-2) is protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF3 gene. GDF3 belongs to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-) superfamily. It has high similarity to other TGF- superfamily members including Vg1 (found in frogs) and GDF1.

# Tissue distribution
Expression of GDF3 occurs in ossifying bone during embryonic development and in the brain, thymus, spleen, bone marrow and adipose tissue of adults.

# Function
GDF3 is a bi-functional protein that has some intrinsic activity and also modulate other TGF- superfamily members, e.g. potentiates the activity of NODAL. It may also inhibit other TGF- superfamily members (i.e. BMPs), thus regulating the balance between different modes of TGF-beta signaling. It has been shown to negatively and positively control differentiation of embryonic stem cells in mice and humans. This molecule plays a role in mesoderm and definitive endoderm formation during the pre-gastrulation stages of development.
GDF5
Growth/differentiation factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF5 gene.
The protein encoded by this gene is closely related to the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily. This group of proteins is characterized by a polybasic proteolytic processing site which is cleaved to produce a mature protein containing seven conserved cysteine residues. The members of this family are regulators of cell growth and differentiation in both embryonic and adult tissues. Mutations in this gene are associated with acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thompson type; brachydactyly, type C; and osteochondrodysplasia, Grebe type. These associations confirm that the gene product plays a role in skeletal development.
Growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) is a protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that is expressed in the developing central nervous system, and has a role in skeletal and joint development.  It also increases the survival of neurones that respond to the neurotransmitter dopamine, and is a potential therapeutic molecule associated with Parkinson's disease.
GDF6
Growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDF6 gene.

# Function
GDF6 belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and may regulate patterning of the ectoderm by interacting with bone morphogenetic proteins, and control eye development.
Growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) is a regulatory protein associated with growth and differentiation of developing embryos. GDF6 is encoded by the GDF6 gene. It is a member the transforming growth factor beta superfamily which is a group of proteins involved in early regulation of cell growth and development. GDF6 has been shown to play an important role in the patterning of the epidermis and bone and joint formation. GDF6 induces genes related to the development of the epidermis and can bind directly to noggin, a gene that controls neural development, to block its effect. GDF6 interacts with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) to form heterodimers that may work to regulate neural induction and patterning in developing embryos.  By developing a GDF6 knockout model, scientists repressed expression of GDF6 in developing mice embryos. Through this experiment, the scientists were able to directly link GDF6 with several skull and vertebral joint disorders, such as scoliosis and chondrodysplasia, Grebe type.

# Clinical significance
GDF6 is recurrently amplified and specifically expressed in 80% of the melanomas. Patients with less GDF6 had a lower risk of metastasis and a higher chance of survival.  Since GDF6 expression is very low or undetectable in most healthy adult tissues its inhibition could be used to treat this lethal disease.
GDI1
Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDI1 gene.

# Function
GDP dissociation inhibitors are proteins that regulate the GDP-GTP exchange reaction of members of the rab family, small GTP-binding proteins of the ras superfamily, that are involved in vesicular trafficking of molecules between cellular organelles.  GDIs slow the rate of dissociation of GDP from rab proteins and release GDP from membrane-bound rabs.   GDI1 is expressed primarily in neural and sensory tissues.  Mutations in GDI1 have been linked to X-linked nonspecific mental retardation.
Rab GTPases cycles between the cytosolic compartment, where it is bound to a protein called GDI (GDP Dissociation Inhibitor), and the membrane, where it interacts with a receptor, a nucleotide exchange factor, a GAP (GTPase Activating Protein) and probably other factors that link it to the appropriate SNARE.  GDI is non-specific with respect to the rab it binds.  However, the exchanger, receptor and GAP, are rab specific.

# Interactions
GDI1 has been shown to interact with CDC42.