Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards
The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards (FCLB) was officially chartered in 1926, but used different names in the early years.
The FCLB's mission is to maintain high, uniform standards in areas related to chiropractic licensure, regulation, discipline, and education.
The annual conference and district meetings of the FCLB provide an opportunity for a healthy exchange of ideas and viewpoints between member boards, as well as unified adoption of resolutions protecting the profession's examining regulatory standards and ultimately the consumer public.
The FCLB database of providers called CIN-BAD (Chiropractic Information Network - Board Action Database) provides member boards and other subscribers access to information regarding licensed chiropractors in the US, Canada, and Australia. CIN-BAD's ever-expanding databases are increasingly significant resources for regulatory boards, chiropractic colleges, managed care providers, law enforcement agencies, and the public.
Members of the FCLB include boards having jurisdiction to license or regulate the practice of chiropractic in the states, provinces, commonwealths, and territories of the United States of America, Canada, Australia, Mexico, and other countries.
Current regulatory board members, as well as those who have served on a board within the last five years, may participate as Fellows in FCLB activities, including holding office or serving on standing committees. Those who have ever served on a chiropractic regulatory board are Honorary Fellows, privileged to attend the annual business meeting.
The FCLB collaborates freely with sister organizations National Board of Chiropractic Examiners and Council on Chiropractic Education because of their shared mission of public protection.
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the GDNF gene. GDNF is a small protein that potently promotes the survival of many types of neurons. It signals through GFR receptors, particularly GFR1.

# Function
This gene encodes a highly conserved neurotrophic factor. The recombinant form of this protein was shown to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in culture, and was able to prevent apoptosis of motor neurons induced by axotomy. The encoded protein is processed to a mature secreted form that exists as a homodimer. The mature form of the protein is a ligand for the product of the RET (rearranged during transfection) protooncogene. In addition to the transcript encoding GDNF, two additional alternative transcripts encoding distinct proteins, referred to as astrocyte-derived trophic factors, have also been described. Mutations in this gene may be associated with  Hirschsprung's disease.
The most prominent feature of GDNF is its ability to support the survival of dopaminergic and motorneurons.
These neuronal populations die in the course of Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). GDNF also regulates kidney development and spermatogenesis, and it affects alcohol consumption.

# GDNF family of ligands (GFL)
GDNF was discovered in 1991, and is the first member of the GDNF family of ligands (GFL) found.

# Interactions
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor has been shown to interact with GFRA2 and GDNF family receptor alpha 1.

# Potential as therapeutics
GDNF has regenerative properties for brain cells and showed potential as treatment for Parkinson's disease - monkeys with an induced form of Parkinson's disease showed less trembling when treated with the drug, and neuronal fibres grew in part of the human brain exposed to the drug.  However progress to a treatment is hampered by the problem of delivering the drug to brain cells through the blood-brain barrier in human.
Vitamin D potently induces GDNF expression.
Exposure of dopaminergic-like cell line to Ibogaine HCl results in an increase in GDNF mRNA, leading to protein expression and to the corresponding activation of the GDNF signaling pathway. This, in turn, leads to a further increase in the mRNA level of the growth factor through a feed-back loop.  It was also found that ibogaine metabolite, noribogaine, also possess the ability to increase GDNF levels.
Glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, a glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.157) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate, whereas its two products are CoA and N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:alpha-D-glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase. This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism.

# Structural studies
As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2OI5, 2OI6, and 2OI7.
Guidewire high torque balance middle weight

# Overview
Performance characteristics of the ACS High Torque Balance Middle Weight (BMW) Universal wire include the following:

# Structure
- Shaping ribbon provides reasonable provision for shape retention & tip softness
- Intermediate coils at the tip maintain .014" diameter for smooth device delivery
- Hydrophobic or Hydrophilic coating for tracking
- Durasteel shaping ribbon material provides added durability and shape retention
- Intermediate section has both a hydrophilic coating and a polymer cover
H.pylori gastritis guideline recommendation

# Overview
American collage of gastroenterology guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori.

# ACG recommendations
The following are the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines for H. pylori infection.

## Diagnosis

## Diagnostic Testing for H.pylori Infection
- Testing for H. pylori should only be performed if the clinician plans to offer treatment for positive results.
- Deciding which test to use in which situation relies heavily upon whether a patient requires evaluation with upper endoscopy and an understanding of the strengths, weaknesses, and costs of the individual tests.
For more information on endoscopic diagnostic studies please click here
For more information on nonendoscopic diagnostic studies please click here

## Treatment of H.pylori Infection

### Salvage Therapy for Persistent H.pylori Infection
- In patients with persistent H. pylori infection, every effort should be made to avoid antibiotics that have been previously taken by the patient.
- Bismuth-based quadruple therapy for 7-14 days is an accepted salvage therapy.
- Levofloxacin-based triple therapy for 10 days is another option in patients with persistent infection, which requires validation in the United States.
Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine description

# Description
HIBERIX  is a sterile, lyophilized powder which is reconstituted at the time of use with the accompanying saline diluent for intramuscular injection. HIBERIX contains Haemophilus b capsular polysaccharide (polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate ), a high molecular weight polymer prepared from the Haemophilusinfluenzaetype b strain 20,752 grown in a synthetic medium that undergoes heat inactivation and purification. The tetanus toxin, prepared from Clostridium tetani grown in a semi-synthetic medium, is detoxified with formaldehyde and purified. The capsular polysaccharide is covalently bound to the tetanus toxoid. After purification, the conjugate is lyophilized in the presence of lactose as a stabilizer. The diluent for HIBERIX is a sterile saline solution (0.9% sodium chloride) supplied in prefilled TIP-LOK syringes.
When HIBERIX is reconstituted with the accompanying saline diluent, each dose is formulated to contain 10 mcg of purified capsular polysaccharide conjugated to approximately 25 mcg of tetanus toxoid, 12.6 mg of lactose, and 0.5 mcg of residual formaldehyde.
HIBERIX does not contain preservatives.
The tip caps of the prefilled syringes may contain natural rubber latex. The rubber plungers of the prefilled syringes and the vial stoppers do not contain latex. .
Heat-responsive element gene transcriptions
Long terminal repeats "LTRs of heat-responsive COPIA78/ONSEN  retrotransposon in Arabidopsis thaliana , contain a cluster of four nGAAn motifs forming a heat-responsive element (HRE) . During heat stress (HS), the ONSEN HRE is bound by heat shock factor A 2 (HSFA2), which triggers its transcriptional activity."

# Human genes

# Interactions

# Consensus sequences
Heat-responsive elements (AAAAAATTTC).

# HRE samplings
Copying an apparent consensus sequence of the HRE AAAAAATTTC and putting it in "F" finds none located between ZSCAN22 and A1BG and none between ZNF497 and A1BG as can be found by the computer programs.
For the Basic programs testing consensus sequence AAAAAATTTC (starting with SuccessablesHRE.bas) written to compare nucleotide sequences with the sequences on either the template strand (-), or coding strand (+), of the DNA, in the negative direction (-), or the positive direction (+), the programs are, are looking for, and found:
- negative strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAATTTC, 0.
- negative strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAATTTC, 0.
- positive strand, negative direction, looking for AAAAAATTTC, 0.
- positive strand, positive direction, looking for AAAAAATTTC, 0.
- complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTAAAG, 0.
- complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTAAAG, 0.
- complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for TTTTTTAAAG, 0.
- complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for TTTTTTAAAG, 0.
- inverse complement, negative strand, negative direction, looking for GAAATTTTTT, 0.
- inverse complement, negative strand, positive direction, looking for GAAATTTTTT, 0.
- inverse complement, positive strand, negative direction, looking for GAAATTTTTT, 0.
- inverse complement, positive strand, positive direction, looking for GAAATTTTTT, 0.
- inverse negative strand, negative direction, looking for CTTTAAAAAA, 0.
- inverse negative strand, positive direction, looking for CTTTAAAAAA, 0.
- inverse positive strand, negative direction, looking for CTTTAAAAAA, 0.
- inverse positive strand, positive direction, looking for CTTTAAAAAA, 0.

# Acknowledgements
The content on this page was first contributed by: Henry A. Hoff.
Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusion

# Overview
Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemoperfusion is a procedure in which a warmed solution containing anticancer drugs is used to bathe, or is passed through the blood vessels of, the tissue or organ containing the tumor.
In the case of tumors located in the intraperitoneal or intra-abdominal region, the patient undergoes debulking surgery followed by heating the chemicals and bathing the abdominal area directly.
Also known as intra-abdominal hyperthermic chemoperfusion, aka Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy (IPHC).
Hypertriglyceridemia differential diagnosis

# Overview
Hypertriglyceridemia should be differentiated from other conditions which may present similarly and give abnormal lipid tests like diabetes, renal failure, liver disease, hypothyroidism and use of certain drugs.

# Differential diagnosis
- Diabetes - Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, retinopathy and neuropathy may be present.
- Liver disease - Spider angioma or jaundice (stigmata of chronic liver disease)
- Hypothyroidism - Weight gain, sluggishness, dry hair/skin
- Renal failure - Pruritus, elevated BUN and creatinine
- Medications - estrogens, retinoic acid, hydrochlorothiazide, beta-blockers and antiretroviral therapy (lipodystrophy)
IMITREX injection dosage and administration

# Dosage and Administration

### Dosing Information
The maximum single recommended adult dose of IMITREX Injection for the acute treatment of migraine or cluster headache is 6 mg injected subcutaneously. For the treatment of migraine, if side effects are dose limiting, lower doses (1 to 5 mg) may be used . For the treatment of cluster headache, the efficacy of lower doses has not been established.
The maximum cumulative dose that may be given in 24 hours is 12 mg, two 6-mg injections separated by at least 1 hour. A second 6-mg dose should only be considered if some response to a first injection was observed.

### Administration Using the IMITREX STATdose Pen
An autoinjector device (IMITREX STATdose Pen) is available for use with 4- and 6-mg prefilled syringe cartridges. With this device, the needle penetrates approximately 1/4 inch (5 to 6 mm). The injection is intended to be given subcutaneously, and intramuscular or intravascular delivery must be avoided. Instruct patients on the proper use of IMITREX STATdose Pen and direct them to use injection sites with an adequate skin and subcutaneous thickness to accommodate the length of the needle.

### Administration of Doses of IMITREX Other Than 4 or 6 mg
In patients receiving doses other than 4 or 6 mg, use the 6-mg single-dose vial; do not use the IMITREX STATdose Pen. Visually inspect the vial for particulate matter and discoloration before administration. Do not use if particulates and discolorations are noted.
Right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia
Synonyms and keywords: RVOT tachycardia; right ventricular outflow tract VT; right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia; right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) tachycardia

# Overview
RVOT tachycardia is a type of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia originating in the right ventricular outflow tract. RVOT morphology refers to the characteristic pattern of this type of tachycardia on an ECG.

# Pathophysiology
RVOT tachycardia is a type of monomorphic VT that originates from either the outflow tract of the right ventricle (the right ventricular outflow tract) or in some cases from the tricuspid valve annulus.

## Associated Conditions
Uusally structural heart disease is absent, but RVOT tachycardia can occur in the context of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD).  Left to right shunts can be associated with RVOT tachycardia as can right sided valvular lesions.

# Natural History, Complications, Prognosis
RVOT tachycardia is generally not associated with sudden cardiac death.

# Diagnosis

## Physical Examination
In so far as structural heart disease is absent, there are no physical examination findings.

## Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiographic characteristics include the following:
- Atrioventricular dissociation similar to all patients with VT
- Heart rate > 100 beats per minute
- QRS duration > 120 milliseconds
- Left bundle branch block pattern or morphology with negative deflection in V1 and V2
- A rightward and inferior axis deviation (approximately +90 degrees)

# Lecture
PCI in the patient with in stent restenosis
Synonyms and Keywords: ISR

# Overview
In-stent restenosis (ISR) is the most frequent late complication of stent implantation and occurs when there is a reoccurrence of stenosis in a lesion that was previously treated with a stent.  In stent restenosis results from exaggerated neointimal formation.  The lesion is primarily composed of smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix.  Intravascular ultrasound studies demonstrate that in stent restenosis is not due to extrinsic compression of the stent by scar tissue (i.e. there is not compression of the stent).

# Epidemiology and Demographics
Although ISR has traditionally occurred in 30-40% of treated lesions, its incidence has been dramatically reduced by the development of drug-eluting stents.

# Risk Factors

## Patient-based Risk Factors
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease

## Lesion-based Risk Factors
- Longer lesion length
- Smaller caliber vessel
- Greater plaque burden
- Ostial lesion location
- The presence of a chronic total occlusion
- Left anterior descending coronary artery location
- Saphenous vein graft lesion

## Procedure Based Risk Factors
- A residual stenosis >30%
- A residual pressure gradient > 20 mmHg
- An increased number, overlap, and length of stents

# Treatment
The major goal of treating in-stent restenosis is to minimize the chance of recurrent restenosis. If a bare metal stent develops ISR, then a drug eluting stent should be placed. If ISR develops in a drug eluting stent, there is no data to suggest that a different type of drug eluting stent will prevent a recurrence (e.g. switching from sirolimus to paclitaxel).  While use of a cutting balloon may improve acute angiographic results, there is no data to suggests that the use of a cutting balloon reduces the risk of a recurrence.  Radiation treatment or brachytherapy was used in the past to treat ISR, but this procedure was associated with a higher rate of late stent thrombosis, and had fallen out of favor.

# 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (DO NOT EDIT)

## Restenosis (DO NOT EDIT)
Intraductal papilloma (patient information)
For the WikiDoc page on this topic, click here.

# Overview
Intraductal papilloma is a small, noncancerous (benign) tumor that grows in a milk duct of the breast.

# What are the symptoms of intraductal papilloma?
- Breast enlargement
- Breast lump
- Breast pain
- Nipple discharge

# What causes Intraductal papilloma?
Intraductal papilloma occurs most often in women ages 35 - 55. The causes are unknown.

# Who is at highest risk?
The risk factors are unknown.

# Diagnosis
The health care provider might feel a small lump under the nipple, but this lump cannot always be felt. There may be discharge from the breast. A mammogram often does not show papillomas. Ultrasound may be helpful. Breast biopsy may be done to rule out the possibility of cancer. Other tests done include an examination of discharge released from the breast to see if the cells are cancerous (malignant)or an x-ray with contrast dye injected into the affected duct (ductogram.)

# When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if you notice any breast discharge or a breast lump.

# Treatment options
The involved duct is removed with surgery and the cells are checked for cancer (biopsy).

# Where to find medical care for Intraductal papilloma?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Condition

# Prevention
There is no known way to prevent intraductal papilloma. Breast self-examination and screening mammograms can help detect the disease early.

# What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
There may be support groups for women with breast disease in your area. Ask your doctor or other health care provider for a recommendation. The outcome is excellent for people with one tumor. People with many tumors, or who get them at an early age may have an increased risk of developing cancer, particularly if they have a family history of cancer or there are abnormal cells in the biopsy.

# Possible complications
Complications of surgery can include bleeding, infection, and anesthesia risks. If the biopsy shows cancer, you may need further surgery.

# Sources
Intravenous digital subtraction angiography
Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) is a form of angiography which was first developed in the late 1970s.
IV-DSA uses a computer technique which compares an x-ray image of a region of the body before and after radiopaque iodine based dye has been injected intravenously into the body. Tissues and blood vessels on the first image are digitally subtracted from the second image, leaving a clear picture of the artery which can then be studied independently and in isolation from the rest of the body.
Some studies have indicated that IV-DSA is not suitable for patients with diabetes or renal insufficiency because the dye load is significantly higher than is used in arteriography. However, IV-DSA has been used successfully to study the vessels of the brain and heart and has helped detect carotid artery obstruction and to map patterns of cerebral blood flow. It also helps detect and diagnose lesions in the carotid arteries which is a potential cause of strokes.
IV-DSA has also been useful in assessing patients prior to surgery and after coronary artery bypass surgery and some transplant operations.
Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy

# Overview
Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy (TSPK) is a disease of the eyes. The causes of TSPK are not currently known, but details of the disease were first published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1950 by Phillips Thygeson - after whom it is named.

# Symptoms
A patient with TSPK may complain of blurred vision, watery eyes, a sensation of having a foreign body stuck in the eye and sensitivity to bright light. On inspection with a slit lamp, tiny lumps can be found on the cornea of the eye. These lumps can be more easily seen after applying fluorescein or rose bengal dye eye-drops. The lumps appear to be randomly positioned on the cornea and they may appear and disappear over a period of time (with or without treatment).
TSPK may affect one or both eyes. When both eyes are affected, the tiny lumps found on the cornea may differ in number between eyes. The severity of the symptoms often vary during the course of the disease. The disease may appear to go into remission, only to later reappear after months or years.

# Causes
The causes of TSPK are not currently known.

# Treatment
There are a number of different treatments to deal with TSPK. Symptoms may disappear without treatment, but treatment may help increase time to and success of remission.
- PRK laser eye surgery can cure this disease
- Artificial tear eye-drops or ointments may be a suitable treatment for mild cases.
- Low-dosage steroidal eye-drops, such as prednisone, fluorometholone or rimexolone. Steroidal drops should be used with caution and the eye pressure should be regularly checked during treatment.
- Soft contact lenses.
- Cyclosporine is an experimental treatment for TSPK. It is usually used during transplants as it reduces the immune system response.
- Laser eye surgery|Laser eye treatment.
List of illnesses related to poor nutrition
Many diseases in humans are thought to be directly or indirectly related to nutrition, These include, but are not limited to, deficiency diseases, caused by a lack of essential nutrients.
Additionally, several diseases are directly or indirectly impacted by dietary habits, and require very close attention to the nutrient content of food.

# Overnutrition (eating too much)

## Vitamins
- Vitamin poisoning

## Microminerals and Macrominerals
- Iron overload disorder

# Deficiencies (eating too little)

## Proteins/fats/carbohydrates
- protein-energy malnutrition
kwashiorkor
marasmus
Mental retardation 
- kwashiorkor
- marasmus
- Mental retardation 

## Vitamin
Also see Avitaminosis, and table of deficiency diseases at human vitamins
- beriberi
- rickets
- scurvy
- pellagra
- spina bifida
- poor immune system function, potentially leading to a wide range of other illnesses.
- night blindness
- dry skin 
- anemia

## Microminerals and Macrominerals
- metabolic or nutritionally related disease such as diabetes mellitus or endemic goitre
- zinc deficiency (growth retardation)
- osteoporosis - caused by calcium deficiency
- Iodine deficiency