Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
International Federation of Sports Chiropractic
The International Federation of Sports Chiropractic (Template:Lang-fr or FICS)  is an international organization which promotes sports chiropractic around the world. It is composed of national sports chiropractic councils, or the national associations, from many countries such as Australia, Canada, Chile,  Japan, Mexico, Spain, Turkey, United States, and the United Kingdom.

# Issues International Credential
FICS has developed a post-graduate professional qualification in sports chiropractic, the International Chiropractic Sport Science Diploma (ICSSD) which is a requirement for a chiropractor to participate as a FICS sports chiropractor at an international event.

# Awards and honors
The FICS Executive Board, also  from time to time, bestows various awards upon individuals who have, in their opinion made considerable contributions to the professional specialty of sports chiropractic. These have included, the "Sports Chiropractor of the Year"  ; and the "Highest Award that can be bestowed upon a sports Chiropractor, Internationally, the FICS' Gold Medal .

# FICS Doctors working Pro Bono
FICS has promoted the participation of chiropractors in sports medicine teams, and has organized chiropractors to provide treatment at many national and international sporting events including the winter and summer Olympics. It has held Congresses in Mexico City, Rome, New Jersey, Wash. DC, Australia, Iowa, Montreal, and Tokyo; and sent delegations to Moscow, Africa  and Caracas.

# Formation and Organization
FICS was formed in 1987, and has its headquarters in the Maison du Sport Internationale in Lausanne, Switzerland. It also maintains an administrative office in Toronto, Canada at the World Federation of Chiropractic.
The Presidents of FICS  are:

# Recognition
FICS is a member of the Associations' Board of the International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education (ICSSPE), as well as being an associate member of international sports accrediting  agency SportAccord (the former GAISF). It is also an affiliate of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

# Events
FICS Chiropractors have provided treatment at events including:
- African Championships in Athletics (1988)
- African Championships in Athletics (1990) 
- All-African Games (1991) 
- World Track and Field Championships (1991) 
- XVIth Winter Olympic Games  (1992)
- All-African Games (1999) 
- Gunston 500 International Surfing Competition (1998) 
- Ontario Games (2000) 
- Maritime Life Olympic Trials (2000) 
- Canadian Paralympic Trials (2000) 
- World Surfing Games (2000) 
- Summer Olympics (2000) 
- All-Mediterranean Games (2001) 
- XIXth Central American and Caribbean Games (2002)
- Winter Olympics (2002) 
- World Games (2005)
- Summer Olympics (2008) 
- World Games (2009)
Fellowship of the College of Emergency Medicine

# Overview
The Fellowship of the College of Emergency Medicine (FCEM) is the exit examination taken by specialists in Emergency medicine (formerly Accident and Emergency Medicine) in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The examination was previously known as the Fellowship of the Faculty of Accident and Emergency Medicine (FFAEM). In order to be eligible to take the examination, candidates are normally required to have completed four years out of a five year specialist registrar rotation in Emergency Medicine.
There are four elements in the examination. The clinical component makes up 50% of the marks and is divided between a Short Answer Question (SAQ) paper and an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). The management component makes up 25% of the marks, and an academic component the remaining 25% (divided equally between a Clinical Topic Review (CTR) and a Critical Appraisal of a paper from the current medical literature (usually a Randomised controlled trial, a Systematic review or a diagnostic paper). The clinical component must be passed. The examination is held twice a year and the SAQ is held one month before the rest of the examination.
Those passing the examination become Fellows of the College of Emergency Medicine and are entitled to use the letters FCEM.
Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (patient information)

# About your treatment
Your doctor has ordered the drug gemcitabine to help treat your illness. The drug is given by injection into your vein.
This medication is used to treat:
- adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Gemcitabine is in a class of drugs known as pyrimidine analogs; it slows or stops the growth of cancer cells. The length of treatment depends on the types of drugs you are taking, how well your body responds to them, and the type of cancer you have.

# Precautions
Before taking gemcitabine:
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to gemcitabine or any other drugs.
- tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially aspirin and vitamins.
- tell your doctor if you have or have ever had liver or kidney disease.
- you should know that gemcitabine may interfere with the normal menstrual cycle (period) in women and may stop sperm production in men. However, you should not assume that you cannot get pregnant or that you cannot get someone else pregnant. Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding should tell their doctors before they begin taking this drug. You should not plan to have children while receiving chemotherapy or for a while after treatments. (Talk to your doctor for further details.) Use a reliable method of birth control to prevent pregnancy. Gemcitabine may harm the fetus.
- do not have any vaccinations (e.g., measles or flu shots) without talking to your doctor.

# Side effects

## Minor side effects
Side effects from gemcitabine are common and include:
- loss of appetite
- thinned or brittle hair
- diarrhea
- constipation
- nausea
- vomiting
Tell your doctor if either of these symptoms is severe or lasts for several hours:
- mouth blistering
- fatigue

## Severe side effects
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:
- unusual bruising or bleeding
- tingling, numbness, or pain
- dizziness
- fever
- chills
- cough
- sore throat
- difficulty swallowing
- muscle aches
- bone pain
- severe vomiting
- change in normal bowel habits for more than 2 days
- red, itchy rash
- swelling of the feet or ankles or overall puffiness
- shortness of breath
If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online  or by phone .

# In case of emergency/overdose
In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.

# Special instructions
The most common side effect of gemcitabine is a decrease in the number of blood cells. Your doctor may order tests before, during, and after your treatment to see if your blood cells are affected by the drug.

# Brand names
- Gemzar
H.pylori gastric adenocarcinoma pathophysiology
For more information on gastric adenocarcinoma click here.

# Overview
Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and H. pylori is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer. H. pylori is considered as type I carcinogen. Among infected individuals, 1 to 3% develop gastric adenocarcinoma.

# Pathophysiology
- Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and H. pylori is the strongest known risk factor for gastric cancer.
- H. pylori is considered as type I carcinogen. Among infected individuals, 1 to 3% develop gastric adenocarcinoma.
- Patients with H. pylori infection with severe atrophic gastritis, corpus predominant gastritis, or both and Intestinal metaplasia are at increased risk for intestinal-type gastric carcinoma.
Distal adenocarcinoma is the most common gastric adenocarcinoma which is caused by H. pylori.
- Distal adenocarcinoma is the most common gastric adenocarcinoma which is caused by H. pylori.

## Pathogenesis
- Gastric cancer is caused by H. pylori infection either by inflammatory process or by its direct effect on gastric mucosa.
- H. pylori releases phospholipases, ammonia and cytotoxins directly into gastric lumen and causes epithelial degeneration.
- Following epithelial damage, there will be persistent proliferation and regeneration of gastric epithelial cells. This increases the risk of malignant alterations (metaplastic changes) of the gastric stem cells at the neck of gastric tubes.
- The nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen metabolites are released by  during the inflammatory process, which contribute to the DNA damage of epithelial cells.
- The above process along with deficiency of ascorbic acid(vitamin C) , vitamin E and calcium leads to epithelial cell DNA damage.
- Diet containing high amount of salt, nitrates or nitrosamines also contribute to the DNA damage leading to gastric cancer.
- Patients with duodenal ulcer have predominant antral gastritis where as gastric cancer patients have severe gastritis predominantly in the corpus of the stomach.
- Severe gastritis in corpus leads to decreased acid production resulting in suppression of a defense mechanism against atypical cell production (atypical cells are very sensitive to gastric acid) leading to persistence and progression of atypical cells.
Stent thrombosis incidence in bare metal stents

# Overview
Multiple contemporary studies involving  single center and multi center experience suggests an overall lifetime incidence of stent thrombosis is 0.5 % - 2.5 %.    There is some variation of these numbers with the definitions used. For instance, in a recent study of 8847 patients who received a BMS, a cumulative incidence of definite, probable or possible stent thrombosis (ST) over 15 months was 2.15% and that for definite ST was 0.61%. In a study involving serial angiography after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) and BMS implantation at 4, 11, and 21.2  2.2 months, no BMS developed thrombus, however SES demonstrated the presence of thrombi and yellow plaques even as much as 2 years after implantation.

# Incidence in Bare Metal Stents

## Incidence of Early ST in BMS
For purposes of discussion this group would include:
- Intra-procedural ST
- Acute ST: up to 24 hrs
- Subacute ST: 24 hrs to 30 days

### Supportive Trial Data
- In study of 7484 patients with (intra vascular ultrasound study) IVUS before and after stenting, incidence of ST was 0.4% up to a week. The median time of ST was 24 hours and the minimum time was 1 hour.
- In a retrospective analysis 4509 patients the rate of subacute ST was 0.51%.

### Higher Incidence of Subacute ST in Special Patient Populations
- In a group of 40 patients who underwent non cardiac surgery following BMS, the incidence of ST while on two antiplatelet agents appeared to be 2.5 % (one patient out of 40).
- Incidence of ST in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) are higher than those with stable angina as demonstrated by ACUITY and TRITON-TIMI 38 trial databases. 
- The incident rates of early ST in ACS i.e STEMI and NSTEMI have shown to be 1.4 - 1.6%, and 0 - 2.9% respectively while ST incidence in patients with stable angina is 0 - 0.5%.

## Incidence of ST from 30 days up to 3 years or longer
This would include:
- Late ST: 30 days to one year
- Very late ST: more than one year, but generally less than 3 years
- Later than 3 years
The reported incidence in this group ranges between 0-0.5%. Given the paucity of data only assumptions can be made for the group beyond 1-3 years.

### Incidence of Late-ST
- The incidence of late ST with BMS was 0.28% in a meta-analysis of 14 trials looking at 6675 patients.
- Long term aspirin therapy is necessary to reduce the incidence of late ST in patients with BMS. 
- Late ST is uncommon in patients who are on dual anti-platelet therapy(DAT). 
- With the use of second generation BMS, and current antithrombotic regimens (aspirin and thienopyridine) the 30 days ST incidence range from 0.5-2.5% in high risk patients.  The incidence is higher if aspirin is used alone or when warfarin is used along with aspirin without thienopyridine.

### Incidence of Very Late-ST
- It appears that ST in the very late group is exceedingly rare.
- In a meta-analysis of 14 trials looking at 6675 patients no patient presented with very late ST of BMS. However regular follow up of most patients confined to one year or less.
International Classification of Sleep Disorders

# Overview
The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) is "a primary diagnostic, epidemiological and coding resource for clinicians and researchers in the field of sleep and sleep medicine."
It is produced by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, in association with the
European Sleep Research Society, the Japanese Society of Sleep Research, and the Latin American Sleep Society. The ICSD was first published in 1990, and revised in 1997. A second edition was published in 2005.
Laguna Honda Hospital and Rehabilitation Center
Laguna Honda Hospital and Rehabilitation Center is a licensed acute-care hospital facility in San Francisco, California.
The center provides a range of rehabilitation services including physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech pathology, and audiology. Staff professionals, including activity therapists as well as medical, nursing, social, psychological, and nutritional specialists.  It also provides a full range of skilled nursing services to adult residents of San Francisco, who are disabled or chronically ill, including specialized care for those with wounds, head trauma, stroke, spinal cord injuries, orthopedic injuries, AIDS and dementia.  The facility, operated by the City and County of San Francisco, has 1070 beds.
A major expansion program began in the year 2000 that is scheduled for completion in 2008; this $400 million project will add 780 beds, 400 million rebuilding project in 2000 to meet new earthquake standards, modernize its facilities and add 780 patient beds and incorporate the current technology in hospital architecture and information technology.
The hospital facility is located at 375 Laguna Honda Boulevard; historically this site has had a prior subsurface release of chemical contamination.
Laguna Honda Hospital also offers rehabilitation outpatient services in the form of the Adult Day Health Center. Also under the auspices of the Adult Day Health Center are the Alzheimer's Day Care Resource Center, providing respite, resource information, and a therapeutic environment. The Senior Nutrition Program a congregate meal site providing a 
nourishing lunch for San Francisco residents over 60 years of age.
Lamivudine zidovudine dosage and administration

# Dosage And Administration

## Adults and Adolescents Weighing 30 kg
The recommended oral dose of COMBIVIR in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents weighing greater than or equal to 30 kg is 1 tablet (containing 150 mg of lamivudine and 300 mg of zidovudine) twice daily.

## Pediatric Patients
The recommended oral dosage of scored COMBIVIR Tablets for pediatric patients who weigh greater than or equal to 30 kg and for whom a solid oral dosage form is appropriate is 1 tablet administered twice daily.
Before prescribing COMBIVIR Tablets, children should be assessed for the ability to swallow tablets. If a child is unable to reliably swallow a COMBIVIR tablet, the liquid oral formulations should be prescribed: EPIVIR (lamivudine) Oral Solution and RETROVIR (zidovudine) Syrup.

## Patients Requiring Dosage Adjustment
Because COMBIVIR is a fixed-dose combination tablet, it should not be prescribed for pediatric patients weighing less than 30 kg or patients requiring dosage adjustment, such as those with reduced renal function (creatinine clearance less than 50 mL/min), patients with hepatic impairment, or patients experiencing dose-limiting adverse reactions. Liquid and solid oral formulations of the individual components of COMBIVIR are available for these populations.
Lanoxin tablet/pediatric indications and dosage

# Heart failure

## Loading dose:
5-10 years old
20-45 mcg/kg Administer half the total loading dose initially, then 14 the loading dose every 6 to 8 hours twice.
10 year old  
10-15 mcg/kg Administer half the total loading dose initially, then 14 the loading dose every 6 to 8 hours twice.

## Maintenence dose:
2-5 years:10-15 mcg/kg/day.
5-10 years: 7-10 mcg/kg/day.
More than 10 years: 3-5 mcg/kg/day

# Off-Label Use (Pediatric)

## Supraventricular tachycardia, Recurrent; Prophylaxis
0.01 mg/kg orally 3 times daily for the first 2 doses, then 0.0035 mg/kg 3 times daily

## Fetal tachycardia - Supraventricular tachycardia
Maternal 0.25 to 0.375 mg PO daily alone or with verapamil.
Large for gestational age (patient information)
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

# Overview
Large for gestational age (LGA) means that a fetus or infant is larger or more developed than normal for the baby's gestational age.

# What are the symptoms of Large for gestational age?
- Gestational age is a measure of the growth and development of the fetus in the uterus and the infant after birth.
- LGA refers to a fetus or infant who is larger than expected for the age and gender or with a birth weight above the 90th percentile.

# What causes Large for gestational age?
Common causes of a fetus or infant who is large for gestational age are:
- Gestational diabetes
- Prolonged pregnancy

# Diagnosis
The measurement is based on the estimated gestational age of the fetus or infant, compared with what is considered normal height, weight, head size, and developmental level for a fetus or infant of the same age and gender.

# Where to find medical care for Large for gestational age?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Large for gestational age

# Possible complications
A baby that is large for gestational age has a higher risk of birth injury and complications of low blood sugar after delivery.

# Source
Meglumine antimoniate dosage and administration

# Dosage and Administration
Intramuscular doses are expressed in terms of the equivalent amount of pentavalent antimony (Sb5+). All doses, which are weight-related, are suitable for both adults and children.

### Visceral leishmaniasis
Injection of 20 mg Sb5+/kg i.m. daily (to a maximum of 850 mg Sb5+) for a minimum of 20 days. Treatment should be continued until no parasites are detected in consecutive splenic aspirates taken at 14-day intervals.
Patients who relapse following the first course of treatment should be re-treated immediately using the same daily dosage.

### Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Except: L. braziliensis (see below) and L. aethiopica (see pentamidine).
Intralesional injections are effective for early nodular lesions. Infiltration must be thorough and produce complete blanching of the base of the lesion. Systemic therapy is required when lesions are inflamed, ulcerated or situated where scarring can result in disability or disfigurement, and particularly when there is lymphatic obstruction or involvement of cartilage.
Local therapy
Injection of 1-3 ml into the base of the lesion, repeated once, or twice if no response is apparent, at intervals of 1 to 2 days.
Systemic therapy
Injection of 10-20 mg Sb5+/kg i.m. daily until a few days after clinical cure and slit-skin smears are negative. Relapse is unusual.

### Cutaneous leishmaniasis (L. braziliensis)
Injection of 20 mg Sb5+/kg daily i.m. until the lesion is healed and for at least 4 weeks. Relapse is usually associated with inadequate dosage or interrupted treatment. Should relapse occur following a full course of treatment, pentamidine should be used.

### Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (L. braziliensis)
Injection of 20 mg Sb5+/kg daily i.m. until slit-skin smears are negative and for at least 4 weeks. In the event of toxicity or inadequate response, 10-15 mg Sb5+/kg should be administered every 12 hours for the same period. Patients who relapse should be retreated for at least twice as long. Those who are unresponsive should receive amphotericin B or pentamidine.

### Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (L. amazonensis)
Injection of 20 mg Sb5+/kg daily i.m. for several months after clinical improvement occurs. Relapse must be expected until immunity develops.
Minocycline hydrochloride clinical pharmacology

# Clinical Pharmacology
Following oral administration of minocycline hydrochloride capsules, absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is rapid. Maximum serum concentrations following a single dose of minocycline hydrochloride to normal fasting adult volunteers were attained in 1 to 4 hours. The serum half-life in normal volunteers ranges from approximately 11 hours to 22 hours.
When minocycline hydrochloride capsules were given concomitantly with a meal which included dairy products, the extent of absorption of minocycline hydrochloride capsules was not noticeably influenced. The peak plasma concentrations were slightly decreased and delayed by one hour when administered with food, compared to dosing under fasting conditions.
In previous studies with other minocycline dosage forms, the minocycline serum half-life ranged from 11 to 16 hours in 7 patients with hepatic dysfunction, and from 18 to 69 hours in 5 patients with renal dysfunction. The urinary and fecal recovery of minocycline when administered to 12 normal volunteers is one-half to one-third that of other tetracyclines.
Multisynthetase complex auxiliary component p38
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AIMP2 gene.

# Function
The JTV1 gene is located on chromosome 7p22 flanked by two genes, HRI and PMS2. JTV1 and HRI overlap slightly and are arranged in a tail-to-tail fashion. JTV1 and PMS2 are separated by approximately 200 base pairs and are arranged head-to-head. JTV1 is transcribed in the opposite direction compared to HRI and PMS2. The function of the JTV1 gene product is unknown.

# Interactions
Multisynthetase complex auxiliary component p38 has been shown to interact with Parkin (ligase), P53 and KARS.