Epidemiology and demographics template

# Introduction to the Epidemiology and Demographics Page
- The page name should be "(Disease name) epidemiology and demographics", with only the first letter of the title capitalized.
- Goal: To provide the facts and figures surrounding the determinants and distribution of disease. The page can include a description of the characteristics of the population at-risk (gender, race, age, socio-economic status, dietary considerations, geographic location, environmental conditions) and any facts or figures surrounding the distribution of the disease burden in a population.
- As with all microchapter pages linking to the main page, at the top of the edit box put {{CMG}}, your name template, and the microchapter navigation template you created at the beginning.
- Remember to create links within Wikidoc by placing ] around key words which you want to link to other pages. Make sure you make your links as specific as possible. For example if a sentence contained the phrase anterior spinal artery syndrome, the link should be to anterior spinal artery syndrome not anterior or artery or syndrome.  For more information on how to create links click here.
- Remember to follow the same format and capitalization of letters as outlined in the template below.
- You should include the name of the disease in the first sentence of every subsection.

# Overview
- The overview section should include the disease name in the first sentence.
- The goal is to summarize the page in several sentences, and the section can be the same as the Epidemiology and demographics segment on the overview page.
- To see an example, click here.

## Template
- First Sentence:
- Examples:
- Additional Sentences:
- Examples:

# Epidemiology and Demographics

## Prevalence
- Prevalence is defined as the total number of cases of a disease in a given at-risk population at a specific time.
- When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a prevalence as 10.1 instead of 10.09322. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
- You can use one or more of these template sentences.
Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In ____ (insert year), the prevalence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- Worldwide, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developed countries, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developing countries/ Africa, the prevalence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In ____ (insert year), the prevalence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

## Incidence
- Incidence is defined as the number of new cases per population in a given time period.
- The standard format to report the incidence is ___ per 100,000 individuals.
- When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a incidence as 10.1 instead of 10.09322. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
- You can pick one or more of the template sentences below for this section:
Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
In ____ (insert year), the incidence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- Worldwide, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developed countries, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) ranges from a low of _____ per 100,000 persons  to a high of _____ per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In developing countries/ Africa, the incidence of (insert disease state here) is _____ per 100,000 persons.
- In ____ (insert year), the incidence of _______ (insert disease name) was estimated to be _______ (insert number) cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

## Case Fatality Rate
- The case fatality rate is defined the number of deaths (fatality) among patients with the disease (case). Case fatality rate should be distinguished from "Mortality Rate" (defined as the number of deaths among the at-risk population).
- The case fatality rate is usually described as a function of time (e.g. In 2015 / annually etc...).
- When using numbers with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report the case fatality rate as 10.1% instead of 10.09322%. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
- You can pick the template sentence below for this section:
In ____ (year), the case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is ____ (case fatality rate in %).
The annual case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is approximately ____ (case fatality rate in %).
- In ____ (year), the case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is ____ (case fatality rate in %).
- The annual case fatality rate of ____ (disease name) is approximately ____ (case fatality rate in %).

## Age
- This section can describe the impact of the disease depending on the persons age, and the age-specific prevalence and incidence.
- The prevalence of ____ (insert disease state here) increases/decreases with age.
- _____ (insert acute disease) commonly affects _____ (insert age group).
- _____ (insert chronic disease) is usually first diagnosed among _____ (insert age group).

## Gender
This section describe how prevalence of the disease varies by gender.
When describing male to female ratios with decimal points, avoid reporting more than 1 number after the decimal point. For example, report a ratio as as 1.5 to 1 instead of 1.48294 to 1. Many numbers after the decimal point may suggest a false sense of accuracy.
You can use either of the following template sentences:
- ______ (insert gender 1) are more commonly affected with ______ (insert disease name) than _____ (insert gender 2). The _____ (insert gender ratio e.g. male to female) ratio is approximately _____ (insert number > 1) to 1.
- The prevalence and incidence of (insert disease state here) does not vary by gender.
- Men and women are affected equally by (insert disease name here).
- (Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in men  women.
- The prevalence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.
- The incidence of (insert disease state here) among men is ____ per 100,000, while it is _____ per 100,000 among women.

## Race
This section describes how the disease differs based upon race.
You can use the following template sentence for this section:
- The prevalence of _____ (insert disease) does not vary by race.
- (Insert disease state here) is more prevalent in the ____ (insert race) race and ____ (insert other race) races.
- There is no racial predilection for ____ (insert disease name)
- _____ (insert disease) usually affects individuals of the _____ (insert race) race. _____ (insert other race) individuals are less likely to develop ______ (disease name).

## Developed Countries
- In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developed countries.
- Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.

## Developing Countries
- In this section you should describe the impact of the disease in developing countries.
- Incidence, prevalence, and geographical distribution or areas of interest can be mentioned, as well as the relevant impact the disease has on society.

# Preferred Template Statements
IF the incidence/prevalence of the disease is known:
- The incidence/prevalence of  is approximately  per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In , the incidence/prevalence of  was estimated to be  cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The prevalence of  is estimated to be  cases annually.
IF the case-fatality rate is also known, you may use either of the following template statements:
- In , the incidence of  is approximately  per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of %.
- The case-fatality rate of  is approximately .
IF details about prevalence according to age/race/sex are known:
- Age:
Patients of all age groups may develop .
The incidence of  increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is  years.
 commonly affects individuals younger than/older than  years of age.
- Patients of all age groups may develop .
- The incidence of  increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is  years.
-  commonly affects individuals younger than/older than  years of age.
- Race:
There is no racial predilection to .
 usually affects individuals of the  race.  individuals are less likely to develop .
- There is no racial predilection to .
-  usually affects individuals of the  race.  individuals are less likely to develop .
- Sex:
 affects men and women equally.
 are more commonly affected by  than . The  to  ratio is approximately  to 1.
-  affects men and women equally.
-  are more commonly affected by  than . The  to  ratio is approximately  to 1.
IF details about prevalence by region are known:
- The majority of  cases are reported in .
If additional details are known about the patient population in which the disease is typically diagnosed, they may be included here. Supplementary template statements include:
-  is a common/rare disease that tends to affect  and .
-  is usually first diagnosed among .
-  commonly affects .