Neuromuscular disease

# Overview
Neuromuscular disease is a very broad term that encompasses many diseases and ailments that either directly (via intrinsic muscle pathology) or indirectly (animal muscle in general.
Neuromuscular diseases are those that affect the muscles and/or their nervous control. In general, problems with nervous control can cause spasticity or paralysis, depending on the location and nature of the problem. A large proportion of neurological disorders leads to problems with movement, ranging from cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and Parkinson's disease to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

# Causes
- Diseases of the motor end plate include
Myasthenia gravis, a form of muscle weakness due to antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor, and its related condition
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
Tetanus
Botulism
- Myasthenia gravis, a form of muscle weakness due to antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor, and its related condition
- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
- Tetanus
- Botulism
- The myopathies are all diseases affecting the muscle itself, rather than its nervous control.
Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span.
] muscle disorders
Polymyalgia rheumatica (or "muscle rheumatism") is an inflammatory condition that mainly occurs in the elderly
Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion body myositis
Other causes
Tumors of muscle
Smooth muscle: leiomyoma (benign, very common in the uterus), leiomyosarcoma (malignant, very rare)
Striated muscle: rhabdomyoma (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) - both very rare
Metastasis from elsewhere (e.g. lung cancer)
Injury Injuries -  of muscles include wounds and strains.
- Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive loss of strength, high dependence and decreased life span.
- ] muscle disorders
Polymyalgia rheumatica (or "muscle rheumatism") is an inflammatory condition that mainly occurs in the elderly
Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
Inclusion body myositis
- Polymyalgia rheumatica (or "muscle rheumatism") is an inflammatory condition that mainly occurs in the elderly
- Polymyositis
- Dermatomyositis
- Inclusion body myositis
- Other causes
Tumors of muscle
Smooth muscle: leiomyoma (benign, very common in the uterus), leiomyosarcoma (malignant, very rare)
Striated muscle: rhabdomyoma (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) - both very rare
Metastasis from elsewhere (e.g. lung cancer)
Injury Injuries -  of muscles include wounds and strains.
- Tumors of muscle
Smooth muscle: leiomyoma (benign, very common in the uterus), leiomyosarcoma (malignant, very rare)
Striated muscle: rhabdomyoma (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) - both very rare
Metastasis from elsewhere (e.g. lung cancer)
- Smooth muscle: leiomyoma (benign, very common in the uterus), leiomyosarcoma (malignant, very rare)
- Striated muscle: rhabdomyoma (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant) - both very rare
- Metastasis from elsewhere (e.g. lung cancer)
- Injury Injuries -  of muscles include wounds and strains.

# Symptoms
Symptoms of muscle disease may include
- Weakness or
- Spasticity/rigidity
- Myoclonus
- myalgia (muscle pain).

# Laboratory Findings
Diagnostic procedures that may reveal muscular disorders include testing creatine kinase levels in the blood and electromyography (measuring electrical activity in muscles).

# ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death (DO NOT EDIT) 

## Recommendations for Neuromuscular Disorders

# Related Chapters
- Muscle
- ICD-10_Chapter_XIII:_Diseases_of_the_musculoskeletal_system_and_connective_tissue
- Centronuclear myopathy
- Myotubular myopathy