Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1
The nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 also known as thyroid-hormone- and retinoic-acid-receptor-associated co-repressor 1 (TRAC-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCOR1 gene.
NCOR1 is a transcriptional coregulatory protein which contains several nuclear receptor interacting domains.  In addition,  NCOR1 appears to recruit histone deacetylases to DNA promoter regions.  Hence NCOR1 assists nuclear receptors in the down regulation of gene expression.
Loss of function of this protein significantly increases the strength and power of mouse muscles.

# Family
It is a member of the family of nuclear receptor corepressors; the other human protein that is a member of that family is Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2.

# Interactions
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 has been shown to interact with:
- Androgen receptor,
- CHD1,
- Calcitriol receptor
- GPS2,
- Glucocorticoid receptor,
- HDAC3,
- HDAC4,
- HDAC7A,
- HDAC9,
- HEY2,
- Histone deacetylase 5,
- MAP3K7IP2,
- MECP2,
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha,
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- Promyelocytic leukemia protein,
- RUNX1T1,
- Retinoic acid receptor alpha,
- Retinoic acid receptor gamma,
- SAP30,
- TBL1XR1,
- TBL1X,  and
- ZBTB33.
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2
The nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 (NCOR2) is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several nuclear receptor-interacting domains.  In addition,  NCOR2 appears to recruit histone deacetylases to DNA promoter regions.  Hence NCOR2 assists nuclear receptors in the down regulation of target gene expression. NCOR2 is also referred to as a silencing mediator for retinoid or thyroid-hormone receptors (SMRT) or T3 receptor-associating cofactor 1 (TRAC-1).

# Function
NCOR2/SMRT is a transcriptional coregulatory protein that contains several modulatory functional domains including multiple autonomous repression domains as well as two or three C-terminal nuclear receptor-interacting domains. NCOR2/SMRT serves as a repressive coregulatory factor (corepressor) for multiple transcription factor pathways.  In this regard, NCOR2/SMRT functions as a platform protein, facilitating the recruitment of histone deacetylases to the DNA promoters bound by its interacting transcription factors.

# Family
It is a member of the family of nuclear receptor corepressors; the other human protein that is a member of that family is Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1.

# Discovery
SMRT was initially cloned and characterized in the laboratory of Dr. Ronald M. Evans at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.  In another early investigation into this molecule, similar findings were reported in a variant referred to as TRAC-1.

# Interactions
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 has been shown to interact with:
- AR,
- BCL6,
- C-Fos,
- C-jun,
- HDAC1,
- HDAC3,
- HDAC4,
- HDAC5,
- HDAC10,
- MeCP2,
- NR4A1,
- POU2F1,
- PPARD,
- PGR,
- PML
- RBPJ,
- RELA,
- RUNX1T1,
- RARA,
- SIN3A,
- SNW1,
- SPEN,
- SRF,
- TBL1X,
- THRB,
- VDR, and
- ZBTB16.
Ofloxacin clinical pharmacology

# Clinical Pharmacology

## Pharmacokinetics
Serum, urine and tear concentrations of ofloxacin were measured in 30 healthy women at various time points during a ten-day course of treatment with OCUFLOXsolution. The mean serum ofloxacin concentration ranged from 0.4 ng/mL to 1.9 ng/mL. Maximum ofloxacin concentration increased from 1.1 ng/mL on day one to 1.9 ng/mL on day 11 after QID dosing for 10 1/2 days. Maximum serum ofloxacin concentrations after ten days of topical ophthalmic dosing were more than 1000 times lower than those reported after standard oral doses of ofloxacin.
Tear ofloxacin concentrations ranged from 5.7 to 31 mcg/g during the 40 minute period following the last dose on day 11. Mean tear concentration measured four hours after topical ophthalmic dosing was 9.2 mcg/g.
Corneal tissue concentrations of 4.4 mcg/mL were observed four hours after beginning topical ocular application of two drops of OCUFLOX ophthalmic solution every 30 minutes. Ofloxacin was excreted in the urine primarily unmodified.
Other imaging findings template
To go to the main page, click here.

# Introduction to the Other Imaging Findings Page
- The page name should be "(Disease name) other imaging findings", with only the first letter of the title capitalized.
- Goal: To provide a description and examples of other imaging findings that may help in diagnosing the disease you are describing.
- As with all microchapter pages linking to the main page, at the top of the edit box put {{CMG}}, your name template, and the microchapter navigation template you created at the beginning.
- Remember to create links within Wikidoc by placing ] around key words which you want to link to other pages. Make sure you makes your links as specific as possible. For example if a sentence contained the phrase anterior spinal artery syndrome, the link should be to anterior spinal artery syndrome not anterior or artery or syndrome.  For more information on how to create links click here.
- Remember to follow the same format and capitalization of letters  as outlined in the template below.
- You should include the name of the disease in the first sentence of every subsection.

# Preferred Template Statements
IF there are no other imaging findings associated with the disease:
- There are no other imaging findings associated with .
IF other imaging findings may be useful for diagnosis:
-  may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an  suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .

# Overview
- The overview section should include the disease name in the first sentence.
- The goal is to summarize the other imaging findings page in several sentences. This section can be the same as the other imaging findings segment on the overview page.
- To see an example of an overview section on an other imaging findings page, click here.

# Key Findings in (Name of Diagnostic Test) in (Disease Name)
- Describe in detail the key findings that may be seen in the disease you are describing, as well as in sub-classifications of the disease, and associated conditions.
- Describe the diagnostic test, and how the findings relate to the pathophysiology of the disease.

# Key Examples of (Name of Diagnostic Test) in (Disease Name)
- Here you should provide visual examples of the imaging patterns seen for the disease you are describing.
- Good copyleft sources are, National Library of Medicine (/), Wikipedia ().
- For help on how to insert images, click here.
Papilloma (patient information)
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

# Overview
Papillomas are benign tumours that are located in the epithelium. There are all kinds of papilloma in the body, such as skin papilloma, genital wart, bladder papilloma and larynx papilloma, etc.

# What are the symptoms of Papilloma?
Usual signs and symptoms vary widely. They depend on the size, the location of the tumors. For example, a small papilloma may not cause any symptom and biger one may cause obvious signs. For instance, papilloma in larynx may cayse hoarseness, cough and shortness of breath.
Symptoms of papilloma in breast may be bloody nipple discharge, pain and lump in breast.
Vulvar papilloma may cause itching, lump or ulcer even infection in vulva.

# What are the causes of Papilloma?
The causes of papilloma are unknown.

# Diagosis
Biopsy is the most valuable test to tell whether the lump is benign or cancerous. Other techniques, including the collection of blood and urine samples, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scanning, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may also be helpful.

# Treatment Options
Surgery is recommended for the treatment of papilloma. For small papillomas, regular examination is needed.

# Sources
Penicillin G sodium description

# Description
Penicillin G sodium for Injection, USP is sterile penicillin G sodium powder for reconstitution. It is an antibacterial agent intended for intravenous or intramuscularly use.
Chemically, penicillin G sodium is designated 4-Thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid,3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6--, -, monosodium salt and has the following structural formula:
Penicillin G sodium, a water soluble benzylpenicillin, is a white to almost white crystalline powder which is almost odorless and/or after reconstitution a colorless solution. The pH of freshly constituted solutions usually ranges from 5.0 to 7.5.
Penicillin G sodium for Injection, USP is supplied in vials equivalent to 5,000,000 units (5 million units) of penicillin G as the sodium salt, with 1.68 mEq of sodium per million units of penicillin G.
Peripheral giant cell granuloma

# Overview
Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is an oral pathologic condition that appears in the mouth as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation or trauma.  Because of its overwhelming incidence on the gingiva, the condition is associated with two other diseases, though not because they occur together.  Instead, the three are associated with each other because they appear frequently on gingiva and they also begin with the letter "p": pyogenic granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma.  Because of its similar microscopic appearance to the bony lesions called central giant cell granulomas, peripheral giant cell granulomas are considered by some researchers to be a soft tissue equivalent.
The appearance of peripheral giant cell granulomas is similar to pyogenic granulomas.  The color ranges from red to bluish-purple, but is usually more blue in comparison to pyogenic granulomas.  It can be sessile or pedunculated with the size usually being less than 2 cm.
There is a gender difference with 60% of the disease occurring in females.  The prevalence of peripheral giant cell granulomas is highest around 50 - 60 years of age.  It appears only on the gingiva or on an edentulous (without teeth) alveolar ridge. It is more often found in the mandible rather than the maxilla but can be found in either anterior or posterior areas.  The underlying alveolar bone can be destroyed, leaving a unique appearance referred to as "cupping resorption" or "saucerization".

# Histology
Peripheral giant cell granulomas appear microscopically as a large number of multinucleated giant cells, which can have up to dozens of nuclei.  Additionally, there are mesenchymal cells that are ovoid and spindle-shaped.  Near the borders of the lesion, deposits of hemosiderin and hemorrhage is often found.  In 50% of cases, ulcerations are present.

# Treatment
Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the lesion down to the bone.  If there are any adjacent teeth, they are cleaned thoroughly to remove any possible source of irritation.  Recurrence is around 10%.
Pineocytoma laboratory findings

# Overview
An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other  is diagnostic of .
OR
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of  include , , and .
OR
 is usually normal for patients with .
OR
Some patients with  may have elevated/reduced concentration of , which is usually suggestive of .
OR
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with .

# Laboratory Findings
There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with .
OR
An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other  is diagnostic of .
OR
 is usually normal among patients with .
OR
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of  include:
OR
Some patients with  may have elevated/reduced concentration of , which is usually suggestive of .

## Laboratory Diagnosis
There are no specific laboratory findings for pineocytoma. However, the following findings are of significant
- Both serum and CSF should be assayed for alpha-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) to help diagnose a germ cell tumor.
- Immunohistochemistry may be of value in detecting these markers or placental alkaline phosphatase.
Polymyxin B sulfate description

# Description
Neosporin Ophthalmic Solution (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and gramicidin ophthalmic solution) is a sterile antimicrobial solution for ophthalmic use. Each mL contains: neomycin sulfate equivalent to 1.75 mg neomycin base, polymyxin B sulfate equivalent to 10,000 polymyxin B units, and gramicidin 0.025 mg. The vehicle contains alcohol 0.5%, thimerosal 0.001% (added as a preservative), and the inactive ingredients propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene compound, sodium chloride, and Water for Injection.
Neomycin sulfate is the sulfate salt of neomycin B and C, which are produced by the growth of Streptomyces fradiae Waksman (Fam. Streptomycetaceae). It has a potency equivalent of not less than 600 g of neomycin standard per mg, calculated on an anhydrous basis. The structural formulae are:
Polymyxin B sulfate is the sulfate salt of polymyxin B1 and B2 which are produced by the growth of Bacillus polymyxa  (Prazmowski) Migula (Fam. Bacillaceae). It has a potency of not less than 6,000 polymyxin B units per mg, calculated on an anhydrous basis. The structural formulae are:
Gramicidin (also called Gramicidin D) is a mixture of three pairs of antibacterial substances (Gramicidin A, B, and C) produced by the growth of Bacillus brevis Dubos (Fam. Bacillaceae). It has a potency of not less than 900 g of standard gramicidin per mg. The structural formulae are:
Posterior myocardial infarction
Synonyms and keywords: posterior MI, true posterior MI

# Overview
A posterior myocardial infarction (MI) is a heart attack or cessation of blood flow to the heart muscle that involves the backside or posterior side of the heart.  Rather than causing the traditional ST segment elevation characteristic of the electrocardiogram of many heart attacks (a "STEMI"), because the heart attack is on the opposite side of the heart, the ST segments are depressed in the anterior precordial leads rather than elevated.

# Pathophysiology
A posterior MI is due to occlusion of the left circumflex artery.

# EKG Findings
EKG findings in the precordial leads V1-V3:
- ST segment depression
- Tall R waves (equivalent of Q wave)
- Upright T waves

# EKG Examples
Shown below is an EKG demonstrating changes during acute posterolateral MI depicting ST depression in precordial leads V2-V3.
Copyleft image obtained courtesy of, 
Shown below is an EKG illustrating inferior-posterior myocardial infarction with complete AV block and ventricular escape rhythm with RBBB pattern and left axis, followed by sinus rhythm.
Copyleft image obtained courtesy of, 
Shown below is an EKG demonstrating atrial fibrillation and inferior-posterior myocardial infarction.
Copyleft image obtained courtesy of, 
Shown below is an EKG demonstrating inferior-posterior-lateral myocardial infarction with a nodal escape rhythm
Copyleft image obtained courtesy of, 
Shown below is an EKG demonstrating atrial fibrillation with inferior-posterior-lateral myocardial infarction and incomplete right bundle branch block. Lead I shows ST depression, suggestive of right coronary artery involvement.
Copyleft image obtained courtesy of, 
Shown below is an EKG demonstrating ST elevation in leads II, III and aVF and ST depression in leads V1, V2 and V3 depicting a posterior MI.

# Angiography
Posterior MI results from the total occlusion of either the right coronary artery or the left circumflex.
Shown below are an animated image and a static image depicting PERFUSE grade 6 thrombus in the RCA.  Encircled in yellow in the image on the right is the thrombus area where you can notice an abrupt blunt cut-off appearance beyond which no dye is penetrating the artery.
Shown below are two animated images of the same case depicting TIMI grade 6 thrombus in the left circumflex. The image on the left shows the same thrombus before PCI and the image on the left shows the patent left circumflex after PCI.
Problem-oriented medical record
In medical records, a Problem-oriented medical record is defined as "A system of record keeping in which a list of the patient's problems is made and all history, physical findings, laboratory data, etc. pertinent to each problem are placed under that heading."
The concept was introduced in 1968 by Larry Weed.
Maintainance of problem lists have been proposed to be a responsibility of healthcare providers.
Problem lists may be incomplete. Incomplete problem lists can harm medical care and patients.
Pseudomonas dermatitis overview

# Overview
Pseudomonas dermatitis or hot-tub rash is an infection of the skin. The skin may become itchy and progress to a bumpy red rash that may become tender. There may also be pus-filled blisters that are usually found surrounding hair follicles. Because a swimsuit can keep contaminated water in longer contact with the skin, the rash may be worse under a persons swimsuit.

# Causes
Pseudomonas dermatitis or hot-tub rash is often caused by the bacteria "Pseudomonas aeruginosa". They are commonly found in the environment (water, soil). Most rashes clear up in a few days without medical treatment. However, if your rash persists, consult your healthcare provider.
Hot-tub rash is spread by direct skin contact with contaminated water. The rash usually occurs within a few days of swimming in poorly maintained hot tubs or spas but can also be spread by swimming in a contaminated pool or lake.

# History and Symptoms
The skin may become itchy and progress to a bumpy red rash that may become tender. There may also be pus-filled blisters that are usually found surrounding hair follicles.

# Prevention
Be aware that hot-tubs and spas have warmer water than pools, so chlorine or other disinfectants break down faster. This leaves hot tubs and spas at risk for the spread of RWIs. Therefore, ask your pool manager about the disinfectant and pH testing program at your hot-tub or pool.
Ensuring frequent testing, control of disinfectant (usually chlorine or bromine) levels, and pH control are likely to prevent the spread of dermatitis.
Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual

# Background
The Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM) is a diagnostic handbook similar to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The PDM was published on May 28, 2006.
The information contained in the PDM was collected by a collaborative task force which includes members of the American Psychoanalytic Association, the International Psychoanalytical Association, the Division of Psychoanalysis (Division 39) of the American Psychological Association, the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry, and the National Membership Committee on Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work.
Although it is based on current neuroscience and treatment outcome studies, many of the concepts in the PDM are adapted from the classical psychoanalytic tradition of psychotherapy. For example, the PDM indicates that the anxiety disorders may be traced to the "four basic danger situations" described by Sigmund Freud in 1926: the loss of a significant other; the loss of love; the loss of body integrity; and the loss of affirmation by one's own conscience (NY Times).
Pulmonary stenosis epidemiology
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# Overview

# Epidemiology and Demographics
- Generally, pulmonary valve stenosis is a congenital defect narrowing of the pulmonary valve (the semilunar valve that separates the right ventricule from the pulmonary artery), but occasionally, it could also be presented in adults as a complication of another illness.
- It's one of the more common heart birth defects, and most cases are mild. If the pulmonary valve stenosis is moderate to severe, it will cause serious symptoms, requiring surgery which is highly successful.
- It occurs in about 1 of 10 children, and females are slightly more likely to be affected than males.
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) also known as PNPase and inosine phosphorylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NP gene.
In enzymology, a purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are purine nucleoside and phosphate, whereas its two products are purine and alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.

# Nomenclature
This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the pentosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is purine-nucleoside:phosphate ribosyltransferase.
Other names in common use include:
- inosine phosphorylase,
- PNPase,
- PUNPI,
- PUNPII,
- inosine-guanosine phosphorylase,
- nucleotide phosphatase,
- purine deoxynucleoside phosphorylase,
- purine deoxyribonucleoside phosphorylase,
- purine nucleoside phosphorylase,
- and purine ribonucleoside phosphorylase.
This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism.

# Function
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism. PNP metabolizes inosine into hypoxanthine and guanosine into guanine, in each case creating ribose phosphate. Note: adenosine is first metabolized to  inosine via the enzyme adenosine deaminase.
Nucleoside phosphorylase is an enzyme which cleaves a nucleoside by phosphorylating the ribose to produce a nucleobase and ribose 1 phosphate. It is one enzyme of the nucleotide salvage pathways. These pathways allow the cell to produce nucleotide monophosphates when the de novo synthesis pathway has been interrupted or is non-existent (as is the case in the brain). Often the de novo pathway is interrupted as a result of chemotherapy drugs such as methotrexate or aminopterin.
All salvage pathway enzymes require a high energy phosphate donor such as ATP or PRPP.
- Thymidine can be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase (TK).
- Uridine can be phosphorylated by uridine kinase (UK).
- Cytidine can be phosphorylated by cytidine kinase (CK).
- Deoxycytidine can be phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase (DCK).
Adenosine uses the enzyme adenosine kinase, which is a very important enzyme in the cell. Attempts are being made to develop an inhibitor for the enzyme for use in cancer chemotherapy.

# Enzyme regulation
This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation.

# Clinical significance
PNPase, together with adenosine deaminase (ADA), serves a key role in purine catabolism, referred to as the salvage pathway. Mutations in ADA lead to an accumulation of (d)ATP, which inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, leading to a deficiency in (d)CTPs and (d)TTPs, which, in turn, induces apoptosis in T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes, leading to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
PNP-deficient patients will have an immunodeficiency problem.  It affects only T-cells; B-cells are unaffected by the deficiency.