Sudden infant death syndrome risk factors

# Overview
Common risk factors in the development of SIDS include maternal factors such as age of the mother, smoking history, and prenatal care history, environmental factors which include preterm birth, prone sleeping position, bed-sharing, and overheating.

# Risk Factors

## Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of SIDS may be seen more often in mothers who are younger, less educated, and nonwhite, and smoked during the pregnancy.
- Common risk factors in the development of Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) include:

### Maternal risk factors
- Maternal factors which include the following:
Maternal age:
Mother who are very young in age are more prone to have SIDS conditions
Maternal smoking:
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of SIDS
Placental abnormalities:
Placental abnormalities which include placenta previa, abruptio placentae, premature rupture of membranes or small for gestational age increases the risk of SIDS
Prenatal care:
Mothers who did not attend prenatal care are at risk of SIDS
- Maternal age:
Mother who are very young in age are more prone to have SIDS conditions
- Mother who are very young in age are more prone to have SIDS conditions
- Maternal smoking:
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of SIDS
- Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of SIDS
- Placental abnormalities:
Placental abnormalities which include placenta previa, abruptio placentae, premature rupture of membranes or small for gestational age increases the risk of SIDS
- Placental abnormalities which include placenta previa, abruptio placentae, premature rupture of membranes or small for gestational age increases the risk of SIDS
- Prenatal care:
Mothers who did not attend prenatal care are at risk of SIDS
- Mothers who did not attend prenatal care are at risk of SIDS

### Infant risk factors
- Infant risk factors which include the following:
Prematurity
When compare to term infants premature infants have higher risk of developing SIDS.
Low birth weight
The risk of developing SIDS in low to very low weight infants is four times higher than normal birth weight infants
Gestational hypertension with smoking are associated very highly with low birth weight
Sibling of SIDS
Due to biologic and/or epidemiological influence the risk of developing SIDS in siblings of SIDS infants is increased to sixfold
But often deaths that are related to inborn errors of metabolism and child abuse are mistaken as SIDS
Twins
The risk of developing SIDS in twins is almost double than normal population
The risk of developing SIDS in twins in according with gestational age 37 weeks as follows:
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.31- Gestational age 37 to 38 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.47- Gestational age 39 to 40 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 2.09- Gestational age 41 weeks
History of apnea of the infant
History of apnea of the infant or cyanosis is not necessarily increase the risk of SIDS.
Before death they are reports that the infant may become cyanotic by the SIDS victim parents.
Sleep position of the infant
One of the strongest risk factors for developing SIDS is corresponding to the sleep position of the infant
Prone sleeping position of the infant is the the most important and vulnerable position for the infant to develop SIDS.
If possible try to avoid side positioning of the infant as this position might lead to the prone position and that in turn leads to the SIDS.
Supine positioning of the infant for every sleep of every day and every time decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
Sleep environment of the infant
The following sleep environments increases the risk of developing SIDS in an infant :
Soft sleeping surface
One of the consistent risk factor for SIDS is using soft sleeping surface and the risk of developing SIDS increases when the infant is in prone position.
Soft cot mattresses should be avoided to prevent SIDS
Loose bedding accessories
Loose bedding accessories increases the risk of developing SIDS to maximum to fivefold and the accessories included the following :
Blankets
Quilts
Pillows
Stuffed toys
Waterproof wool underblanket reduces the risk of risk of SIDS
Crib bumper pads
According to AAP, US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and Canadian Paediatric Society crib bumper pads and bassinet bumpers are banned from using due to increased risk of suffocation of the infant and leads to SIDS
Bed-sharing
According to the new studies there is an increased risk or an association when the infant sleeps with the parents and developing SIDS.
The risk of developing SIDS increases with bed sharing whose age is younger than three months of the infant or for infants of mothers who smoke.
Parents who are sleeping on a sofa along with the infants should be avoided and this decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
Car safety seats and other sitting or inclined rocking devices
In car due to the sitting position of the infant where the oxygenation decreases increases the risk of SIDS.
Overheating
Using more than 2 blankets or using more clotting or increased in the room temperature increases the risk of SIDS.
- Prematurity
When compare to term infants premature infants have higher risk of developing SIDS.
- When compare to term infants premature infants have higher risk of developing SIDS.
- Low birth weight
The risk of developing SIDS in low to very low weight infants is four times higher than normal birth weight infants
Gestational hypertension with smoking are associated very highly with low birth weight
- The risk of developing SIDS in low to very low weight infants is four times higher than normal birth weight infants
- Gestational hypertension with smoking are associated very highly with low birth weight
- Sibling of SIDS
Due to biologic and/or epidemiological influence the risk of developing SIDS in siblings of SIDS infants is increased to sixfold
But often deaths that are related to inborn errors of metabolism and child abuse are mistaken as SIDS
- Due to biologic and/or epidemiological influence the risk of developing SIDS in siblings of SIDS infants is increased to sixfold
- But often deaths that are related to inborn errors of metabolism and child abuse are mistaken as SIDS
- Twins
The risk of developing SIDS in twins is almost double than normal population
The risk of developing SIDS in twins in according with gestational age 37 weeks as follows:
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.31- Gestational age 37 to 38 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.47- Gestational age 39 to 40 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 2.09- Gestational age 41 weeks
- The risk of developing SIDS in twins is almost double than normal population
- The risk of developing SIDS in twins in according with gestational age 37 weeks as follows:
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.31- Gestational age 37 to 38 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.47- Gestational age 39 to 40 weeks
Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 2.09- Gestational age 41 weeks
- Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.31- Gestational age 37 to 38 weeks
- Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 1.47- Gestational age 39 to 40 weeks
- Relative risk (RR) of SIDS is 2.09- Gestational age 41 weeks
- History of apnea of the infant
History of apnea of the infant or cyanosis is not necessarily increase the risk of SIDS.
Before death they are reports that the infant may become cyanotic by the SIDS victim parents.
- History of apnea of the infant or cyanosis is not necessarily increase the risk of SIDS.
- Before death they are reports that the infant may become cyanotic by the SIDS victim parents.
- Sleep position of the infant
One of the strongest risk factors for developing SIDS is corresponding to the sleep position of the infant
Prone sleeping position of the infant is the the most important and vulnerable position for the infant to develop SIDS.
If possible try to avoid side positioning of the infant as this position might lead to the prone position and that in turn leads to the SIDS.
Supine positioning of the infant for every sleep of every day and every time decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
- One of the strongest risk factors for developing SIDS is corresponding to the sleep position of the infant
- Prone sleeping position of the infant is the the most important and vulnerable position for the infant to develop SIDS.
- If possible try to avoid side positioning of the infant as this position might lead to the prone position and that in turn leads to the SIDS.
- Supine positioning of the infant for every sleep of every day and every time decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
- Sleep environment of the infant
The following sleep environments increases the risk of developing SIDS in an infant :
Soft sleeping surface
One of the consistent risk factor for SIDS is using soft sleeping surface and the risk of developing SIDS increases when the infant is in prone position.
Soft cot mattresses should be avoided to prevent SIDS
Loose bedding accessories
Loose bedding accessories increases the risk of developing SIDS to maximum to fivefold and the accessories included the following :
Blankets
Quilts
Pillows
Stuffed toys
Waterproof wool underblanket reduces the risk of risk of SIDS
Crib bumper pads
According to AAP, US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and Canadian Paediatric Society crib bumper pads and bassinet bumpers are banned from using due to increased risk of suffocation of the infant and leads to SIDS
Bed-sharing
According to the new studies there is an increased risk or an association when the infant sleeps with the parents and developing SIDS.
The risk of developing SIDS increases with bed sharing whose age is younger than three months of the infant or for infants of mothers who smoke.
Parents who are sleeping on a sofa along with the infants should be avoided and this decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
Car safety seats and other sitting or inclined rocking devices
In car due to the sitting position of the infant where the oxygenation decreases increases the risk of SIDS.
Overheating
Using more than 2 blankets or using more clotting or increased in the room temperature increases the risk of SIDS.
- The following sleep environments increases the risk of developing SIDS in an infant :
Soft sleeping surface
One of the consistent risk factor for SIDS is using soft sleeping surface and the risk of developing SIDS increases when the infant is in prone position.
Soft cot mattresses should be avoided to prevent SIDS
Loose bedding accessories
Loose bedding accessories increases the risk of developing SIDS to maximum to fivefold and the accessories included the following :
Blankets
Quilts
Pillows
Stuffed toys
Waterproof wool underblanket reduces the risk of risk of SIDS
Crib bumper pads
According to AAP, US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and Canadian Paediatric Society crib bumper pads and bassinet bumpers are banned from using due to increased risk of suffocation of the infant and leads to SIDS
Bed-sharing
According to the new studies there is an increased risk or an association when the infant sleeps with the parents and developing SIDS.
The risk of developing SIDS increases with bed sharing whose age is younger than three months of the infant or for infants of mothers who smoke.
Parents who are sleeping on a sofa along with the infants should be avoided and this decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
Car safety seats and other sitting or inclined rocking devices
In car due to the sitting position of the infant where the oxygenation decreases increases the risk of SIDS.
Overheating
Using more than 2 blankets or using more clotting or increased in the room temperature increases the risk of SIDS.
- Soft sleeping surface
One of the consistent risk factor for SIDS is using soft sleeping surface and the risk of developing SIDS increases when the infant is in prone position.
Soft cot mattresses should be avoided to prevent SIDS
- One of the consistent risk factor for SIDS is using soft sleeping surface and the risk of developing SIDS increases when the infant is in prone position.
- Soft cot mattresses should be avoided to prevent SIDS
- Loose bedding accessories
Loose bedding accessories increases the risk of developing SIDS to maximum to fivefold and the accessories included the following :
Blankets
Quilts
Pillows
Stuffed toys
Waterproof wool underblanket reduces the risk of risk of SIDS
- Loose bedding accessories increases the risk of developing SIDS to maximum to fivefold and the accessories included the following :
Blankets
Quilts
Pillows
Stuffed toys
- Blankets
- Quilts
- Pillows
- Stuffed toys
- Waterproof wool underblanket reduces the risk of risk of SIDS
- Crib bumper pads
According to AAP, US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and Canadian Paediatric Society crib bumper pads and bassinet bumpers are banned from using due to increased risk of suffocation of the infant and leads to SIDS
- According to AAP, US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and Canadian Paediatric Society crib bumper pads and bassinet bumpers are banned from using due to increased risk of suffocation of the infant and leads to SIDS
- Bed-sharing
According to the new studies there is an increased risk or an association when the infant sleeps with the parents and developing SIDS.
The risk of developing SIDS increases with bed sharing whose age is younger than three months of the infant or for infants of mothers who smoke.
Parents who are sleeping on a sofa along with the infants should be avoided and this decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
- According to the new studies there is an increased risk or an association when the infant sleeps with the parents and developing SIDS.
- The risk of developing SIDS increases with bed sharing whose age is younger than three months of the infant or for infants of mothers who smoke.
- Parents who are sleeping on a sofa along with the infants should be avoided and this decreases the risk of developing SIDS.
- Car safety seats and other sitting or inclined rocking devices
In car due to the sitting position of the infant where the oxygenation decreases increases the risk of SIDS.
- In car due to the sitting position of the infant where the oxygenation decreases increases the risk of SIDS.
- Overheating
Using more than 2 blankets or using more clotting or increased in the room temperature increases the risk of SIDS.
- Using more than 2 blankets or using more clotting or increased in the room temperature increases the risk of SIDS.
- Swaddling
The risk of developing SIDS with swaddling increases especially in older infants.
The risk of developing SIDS with swaddling doubles when the infant is not placed in a supine position during sleep.
- The risk of developing SIDS with swaddling increases especially in older infants.
- The risk of developing SIDS with swaddling doubles when the infant is not placed in a supine position during sleep.