Compiled template statements

# Overview
Given below are the compiled preferred template statements for each micro chapter page.

# Historical Perspective
IF the circumstances under which the disease was discovered are known:
-  was first discovered by , a , in /during/following .
Other sentences may describe the development of diagnostic techniques or therapies to treat the disease, outbreaks or epidemics throughout history, discoveries relating to the pathogenesis or causes of the disease, etc. A non-comprehensive list of additional template statements is below.
- In ,  was developed by  to treat/diagnose .
- There have been several outbreaks of , which are summarized below.
- The association between  and  was made in/during .
- In ,  was the first to discover the association between  and the development of .
- In ,  mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of .
- The following are a few famous cases of disease name.
For more instructions about how to edit the historical perspective page, click here.
To copy the template before starting to edit the page, click here.

# Classification
IF there is no classification system for the disease:
- There is no established system for the classification of .
IF there is a classification system:
- With multiple subgroups:
 may be classified according to  into  subtypes/groups: , , , and .
-  may be classified according to  into  subtypes/groups: , , , and .
- With multiple established classification methods:
 may be classified into  subtypes based on , , and .
 may be classified into several subtypes based on , , and .
-  may be classified into  subtypes based on , , and .
-  may be classified into several subtypes based on , , and .
- If the disease is only classified as acute or chronic:
Based on the duration of symptoms,  may be classified as either acute or chronic.
- Based on the duration of symptoms,  may be classified as either acute or chronic.
IF the disease is classified based on malignancy:
- If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features:
According to the , there are  stages of  based on the , , and . Each stage is assigned a  and a  that designate the  and .
- According to the , there are  stages of  based on the , , and . Each stage is assigned a  and a  that designate the  and .
- If the staging system does not conform to the previous template statement, use the statement below and then elaborate in your own words.
The staging of  is based on the .
- The staging of  is based on the .
- If there is no staging system for the malignant disease:
There is no established system for the staging of .
- There is no established system for the staging of .
For more instructions about how to edit the classification page, click here.
To copy the template before starting to edit the page, click here.

# Pathophysiology
IF the pathogenesis of the disease is unclear:
- The exact pathogenesis of  is not fully understood.
- It is thought that  is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either , , or .
IF the disease is infectious...
- ...and the route of transmission is known:
 is usually transmitted via the  route to the human host.
Following transmission/ingestion, the  uses the  to invade the  cell.
-  is usually transmitted via the  route to the human host.
- Following transmission/ingestion, the  uses the  to invade the  cell.
IF the disease has a known genetic component:
-  is transmitted in  pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of  include , , and .
IF certain pathology findings are characteristic of the disease:
- On gross pathology, , , and  are characteristic findings of .
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, , , and  are characteristic findings of .
Other relevant information may include the action of the pathogen on a molecular level, the bodys response, whether or not mutations play a role in the disease development, whether the pathophysiology of the disease is different among subgroups of the disease, etc. Additional template sentences are listed below. Due to the highly variable nature of pathophysiology among various diseases, this list is not comprehensive.
-  arises from s, which are  cells that are normally involved in .
- The development of  is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
- The progression to  usually involves the .
- The pathophysiology of  depends on the histological subtype.

# Causes
IF there are life-threatening causes of the disease, list those first, followed by common causes, then less common causes.
- Life-threatening causes of  include , , and .
-  is a life-threatening cause of .
IF there are no life-threatening causes of the disease, begin with common causes. If no distinctions can be made between common and less-common causes, list all causes together.
- On the overview page, use a full sentence:
Disease name] may be caused by , , or .
Common causes of  include , , and .
The most common cause of  is . Less common causes of  include , , and .
- Disease name] may be caused by , , or .
- Common causes of  include , , and .
- The most common cause of  is . Less common causes of  include , , and .
- On the Causes microchapter, use bullet points:
 may be caused by:
-  may be caused by:
IF the disease is caused by one specific pathogen:
-  is caused by an infection with .
-  infection is caused by .
IF the disease arises from a genetic mutation:
-  is caused by a mutation in the  gene.
IF genetics play an unspecified role in the development of the disease:
IF the cause of the disease is unknown:
- The cause of  has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of , click here.

# Differentiating X from other Diseases
-  must be differentiated from other diseases that cause , , and , such as , , and .
-  must be differentiated from , , and .
IF the disease has multiple subtypes and the subtypes do not have the same differential diagnoses:
- As  manifests in a variety of clinical forms, differentiation must be established in accordance with the particular subtype.  must be differentiated from other diseases that cause , such as  and . In contrast,  must be differentiated from other diseases that cause , such as  and .

# Epidemiology and Demographics
IF the incidence/prevalence of the disease is known:
- The incidence/prevalence of  is approximately  per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In , the incidence/prevalence of  was estimated to be  cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The prevalence of  is estimated to be  cases annually.
IF the case-fatality rate is also known, you may use either of the following template statements:
- In , the incidence of  is approximately  per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate of %.
- The case-fatality rate of  is approximately .
IF details about prevalence according to age/race/sex are known:
- Age:
Patients of all age groups may develop .
The incidence of  increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is  years.
 commonly affects individuals younger than/older than  years of age.
- Patients of all age groups may develop .
- The incidence of  increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is  years.
-  commonly affects individuals younger than/older than  years of age.
- Race:
There is no racial predilection to .
 usually affects individuals of the  race.  individuals are less likely to develop .
- There is no racial predilection to .
-  usually affects individuals of the  race.  individuals are less likely to develop .
- Sex:
 affects men and women equally.
 are more commonly affected by  than . The  to  ratio is approximately  to 1.
-  affects men and women equally.
-  are more commonly affected by  than . The  to  ratio is approximately  to 1.
IF details about prevalence by region are known:
- The majority of  cases are reported in .
If additional details are known about the patient population in which the disease is typically diagnosed, they may be included here. Supplementary template statements include:
-  is a common/rare disease that tends to affect  and .
-  is usually first diagnosed among .
-  commonly affects .

# Risk Factors
IF one particular risk factor is especially strongly associated with disease development:
- The most potent risk factor in the development of  is . Other risk factors include , , and .
IF all risk factors contribute equally to disease development:
- On the overview page, use a full sentence:
Common risk factors in the development of  include , , , and .
- Common risk factors in the development of  include , , , and .
- On the Risk Factors microchapter, use bullet points:
Common risk factors in the development of  include:
- Common risk factors in the development of  include:
IF there are no known risk factors for the development of the disease:
- There are no established risk factors for .
You may also wish to clarify the nature of the risk factors with a statement similar to the following:
- Common risk factors in the development of  may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.

# Screening
IF no guidelines exist to indicate that screening is beneficial:
- There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for .
IF screening is specifically not recommended:
- According to the , screening for  is not recommended.
IF screening is recommended by a reputable source:
- According to the , screening for  by  is recommended every  among patients with , , and .

# Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
- If left untreated, % of patients with  may progress to develop , , and .
- Common complications of  include , , and .
- Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with  is approximately %.
- Depending on the extent of the  at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.

## Additional Sentences
- The presence of  is associated with a particularly  prognosis among patients with .
-  is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
- The prognosis varies with the  of tumor;  have the most favorable prognosis.

# Diagnostic Criteria
IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:
- The diagnosis of  is made when at least  of the following  diagnostic criteria are met: , , , and .
- The diagnosis of  is based on the  criteria, which include , , and .
- The diagnosis of  is based on the  definition, which includes , , and .
IF there are no established diagnostic criteria:
- There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of .

# History and Symptoms
IF there is one particularly identifiable symptom of the disease:
- The hallmark of  is . A positive history of  and  is suggestive of . The most common symptoms of  include , , and .
IF there are many equally recognizable symptoms of the disease:
- Symptoms of  include , , and .
IF it makes sense to distinguish between common and less-common symptoms:
- On the overview page, use a full sentence:
Common symptoms of  include , , and .
Less common symptoms of  include , , and .
- Common symptoms of  include , , and .
- Less common symptoms of  include , , and .
- On the History and Symptoms microchapter, use bullet points:
Common symptoms of  include:
- Common symptoms of  include:
IF symptoms are usually not present:
- The majority of patients with  are asymptomatic.

# Physical Examination
- Patients with  usually appear . Physical examination of patients with  is usually remarkable for , , and .
- Common physical examination findings of  include , , and .
- The presence of  on physical examination is diagnostic of .
- The presence of  on physical examination is highly suggestive of .

# Laboratory Findings
IF there are diagnostic laboratory findings associated with the disease:
- An elevated/reduced concentration of serum/blood/urinary/CSF/other  is diagnostic of .
- Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of  include , , and .
-  is usually normal among patients with .
- Some patients with  may have elevated/reduced concentration of , which is usually suggestive of .
IF there are no diagnostic laboratory findings:
- There are no diagnostic laboratory findings associated with .

# Electrocardiogram
IF there are no ECG findings associated with the disease:
- There are no ECG findings associated with .
IF an ECG is useful for diagnosis:
- An ECG may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an ECG suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .

# X Ray
IF there are no x-ray findings associated with the disease:
- There are no x-ray findings associated with .
IF an x-ray is useful for diagnosis:
- An x-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an x-ray suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .
IF an x-ray is not helpful for diagnosis, but may be helpful in identifying complications of the disease:
- There are no x-ray findings associated with . However, an x-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of , which include , , and .

# CT
IF there are no CT findings associated with the disease:
- There are no CT scan findings associated with .
IF a CT scan is useful for diagnosis:
-  CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on CT scan suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .
IF a CT scan is not helpful for diagnosis, but may be helpful in identifying complications of the disease:
- There are no CT scan findings associated with . However, a CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of , which include , , and .

# MRI
IF there are no MRI findings associated with the disease:
- There are no MRI findings associated with .
IF an MRI is useful for diagnosis:
- An MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an MRI suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .
IF an MRI is not helpful for diagnosis, but may be helpful in identifying complications of the disease:
- There are no MRI findings associated with . However, an MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of , which include , , and .

# Echocardiography or Ultrasound
IF there are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with the disease:
- There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with .
IF echocardiography/ultrasound is useful for diagnosis:
- Echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an echocardiography/ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .
IF echocardiography/ultrasound is not helpful for diagnosis, but may be helpful in identifying complications of the disease:
- There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with . However, an echocardiography/ultrasound  may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of , which include , , and .

# Other Imaging Findings
IF there are no other imaging findings associated with the disease:
- There are no other imaging findings associated with .
IF other imaging findings may be useful for diagnosis:
-  may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings on an  suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .

# Other Diagnostic Studies
IF there are no other diagnostic studies associated with the disease:
- There are no other diagnostic studies associated with .
IF other diagnostic studies may be useful for diagnosis:
-  may be helpful in the diagnosis of . Findings suggestive of/diagnostic of  include , , and .
- Other diagnostic studies for  include , which demonstrates , , and , and , which demonstrates , , and .

# Treatment

## Medical Therapy
IF there is no known treatment for the disease:
- There is no treatment for ; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.
- Supportive therapy for  includes , , and .
- The majority of cases of  are self-limited and require only supportive care.
IF the disease constitutes a medical emergency:
-  is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment.
IF there is a specific preferred modality of medical therapy:
- The mainstay of treatment for  is .

## Additional Sentences
- The optimal therapy for  depends on the stage at diagnosis.
-  is recommended among all patients who develop .
- Pharmacologic medical therapy is recommended among patients with , , and .
- Pharmacologic medical therapies for  include (either) , , and/or .
- Empiric therapy for  depends on  and .
- Patients with  are treated with , whereas patients with  are treated with .

# Surgery
IF surgery is not indicated:
- Surgical intervention is not recommended for the management of .
IF surgery is only recommended in certain patients with the disease:
- Surgery is not the first-line treatment option for patients with . Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either , , and 
- The mainstay of treatment for  is medical therapy. Surgery is usually reserved for patients with either , , and/or .
- The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of  at diagnosis.
IF surgery is the primary treatment modality:
- Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for .

# Primary Prevention
IF there are no strategies for primary prevention:
- There are no established measures for the primary prevention of .
- There are no available vaccines against .
IF there are primary prevention strategies:
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of  include , , and .
-  vaccine is recommended for  to prevent . Other primary prevention strategies include , , and .

# Secondary Prevention
IF there are no means of secondary prevention:
- There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of .
IF there are secondary prevention strategies:
- Effective measures for the secondary prevention of  include , , and .