Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that beneficiaries must meet all of the following eligibility criteria: 
 
    Age 50  77 years; 
    Asymptomatic (no signs or symptoms of lung cancer); 
    Tobacco smoking history of at least 20 pack-years (one pack-year = smoking one pack per day for one year; 
1 pack =20 cigarettes); 
    Current smoker or one who has quit smoking within the last 15 years; and, 
    Receive an order for lung cancer screening with LDCT 
 
You can find this information in the National Coverage Determination (NCD) Lung Cancer Screening with 
Low Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) 210.14. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that an expandable controller is capable of accommodating one or more of the following 
additional functions: 
 
- Other types of proportional input devices (e.g., mini-proportional or compact joysticks, touchpads, chin 
control, head control, etc.) 
- Non-proportional input devices (e.g., sip and puff, head array, etc.) 
- Operate 3 or more powered seating actuators through the drive control. (Note: Control of the power seating 
actuators though the Control Input Device would require the use of an additional component, E2310 or E2311.) 
An expandable controller may also be able to operate one or more of the following: 
- A separate display (i.e., for alternate control devices) 
- Other electronic devices (e.g., control of an augmentative speech device or computer through the chair's drive 
control) 
- An attendant control 
 
For power wheelchairs which are capable of being upgraded to an expandable controller (K0835, K0836, 
K0837, K0838, K0839, K0840, K0841, K0842, K0843, K0848, K0849, K0850, K0851, K0852, K0853, 
K0854, K0855, K0856 K0857, K0858, K0859, K0860, K0861 K0862, K0863, K0864, K0868, K0869, K0870, 
K0871, K0877, K0878, K0879, K0880, K0884, K0885, K0886, K0890, K0891), E2377 is used if an 
expandable controller is provided at the time of initial issue. Code E2376 is used with complete replacement of 
an expandable controller. 
 
A harness (E2313) describes all of the wires, fuse boxes, fuses, circuits, switches, etc. that are required for the 
operation of an expandable controller. It also includes all the necessary fasteners, connectors, and mounting 
hardware. Code E2313 is separately billable in addition to an expandable controller both at initial issue and 
with complete replacement of the expandable controller. Code K0108 must not be used for any component or 
feature of an expandable controller at the time of initial issue. The reimbursement for any type of complete 
expandable controller is included in the allowance for codes E2377/E2376 plus E2313. However, if individual 
components of the harness are replaced, code K0108 should be used. 
 The rules say a power seat elevation feature (E2300) and power standing feature (E2301) are non-covered 
because they are not primarily medical in nature. If a wheelchair has an electrical connection device described 
by code E2310 or E2311 and if the sole function of the connection is for a power seat elevation or power 
standing feature, it will be denied as non-covered. 
 
You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Article: Wheelchair Options/Accessories - Policy Article 
(A52504). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover a drug or biological if it is safe and effective and otherwise reasonable 
and necessary. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only 
Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50.4.1. 
  
Medicare rules also allow the plan to use step therapy. This is the process of beginning drug therapy for a 
medical condition with "preferred" (or more cost-effective) on-formulary drug alternative(s) and progressing to 
other drug therapies only as necessary. A plan must grant an exception to its step therapy rules if it determines 
that the requested drug is medically necessary, consistent with the prescriber's statement. The statement must 
show that the step therapy drugs: have been ineffective in treating the enrollee; or are likely to be ineffective or 
adversely affect the drug's effectiveness or patient compliance; or are likely to cause an adverse reaction or 
other harm to the enrollee.  
 
Medicare Advantage plans should ensure that new step therapy requirements do not disrupt ongoing Part B 
drug therapies for enrollees. Step therapy may only be applied to new prescriptions or administrations of Part B 
drugs for enrollees that are not actively receiving the affected medication. You can find this information at 42 
CFR Sections 422.2 and 422.136. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan has step therapy requirements for certain Medicare Part B covered drugs/biologicals. 
Enrollees may be required to try a preferred drug before the Plan will approve the requested medication. You 
can find this information on page 52 of the Plan's 2022 Schedule of Cost Sharing.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a Medicare plan may restrict members to a network of providers as long as medically 
necessary covered care is accessible and available through this network. The rules say that the Plan must 
arrange for specialty care outside of the Plan provider network when network providers are unavailable or 
inadequate to meet a member's medical needs. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112(a)(3). 
 
General anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care (MAC) is rarely, if ever required for injections addressed in 
this policy. In fact, general anesthesia is contraindicated for diagnostic blocks (Manchikanti et al, 2005). 
Further, monitored anesthesia care or heavy sedation may provide false-positive results. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) Pain Management L33622. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that, with limited exceptions, members of the Plan must use network providers to get medical care 
and services. The only exceptions are emergencies, urgently needed care when the network is not available 
(generally, when the enrollee is out of the area), out-of-area dialysis services, and cases in which the Plan 
authorizes the use of out-of-network providers. You can find this information in Chapter 3 of the Plan's 2022 
Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that to qualify for home health services, the enrollee must be confined to the home. You can find 
this rule at 42 CFR Section 409.42(a). 
 
The rules say that patients generally will be considered to be homebound if they have a condition due to an 
illness or injury that restricts their ability to leave their home without the use of supportive devices such as 
crutches, canes, wheelchairs, and walkers; special transportation; or the assistance of another person. A patient 
will be considered homebound if leaving home is medically contraindicated. You can find this rule in the 
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit 
Policy Manual, Chapter 7, Section 30.1.1. 
 
The rules say that Home Health Aide (HHA) services may be covered only if the enrollee needs one or more of 
the following qualified skilled services:  
 
1. Skilled nursing care;  
2. Physical therapy;  
3. Occupational therapy; or  
4. Speech pathology services.  
 
HHA services are no longer covered for enrollees once the qualifying skilled service has ended. To be covered, 
home health aide services must be reasonable and necessary. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 409.44 
and 409.45. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that repeat ESI when the first injection directly and significantly provided improvement of the 
condition being treated may be considered medically reasonable and necessary when the medical record 
documents at least 50% of sustained improvement in pain relief and/or improvement in function measured from 
baseline using SAME scale for at least three months. If a patient fails to respond well to the initial ESI, a repeat 
ESI after 14 days can be performed, using a different approach, level and/or medication if appropriate, with the 
rationale and medical necessity for the second ESI documented in the medical record. You can find this rule at 
Local Coverage Determination (LCD) L39015: Epidural Steroid Injections for Pain Management (eff. 12/5/21). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that one to two levels, either unilateral or bilateral, are allowed per session per spine region. The 
need for a three or four-level procedure bilaterally may be considered under unique circumstances and with 
sufficient documentation of medical necessity on appeal. A session is a time period, which includes all 
procedures (i.e., MBB, IA, facet cyst ruptures, and RFA ablations) that are performed during the same day. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) Facet Joint Interventions for Pain 
Management L34892. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that a patient lift is covered if transfer between bed and a chair, wheelchair, or commode is 
required and, without the use of a lift, the beneficiary would be bed confined. This rule is found in Local 
Coverage Determination (LCD): Patient Lifts (L33799). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
  
  the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that the Correct Coding Initiative was developed to promote correct coding and to control 
improper coding leading to inappropriate payment in Part B claims. The Coding Policy Manual also explains 
what is referred to as Column One/Column Two Correct Coding and Mutually Exclusive Edits. These are code 
pairs that should not be reported together. Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) subject all line items 
for the same beneficiary, same National Provider Identifier (NPI), and same date of service to National Correct 
Coding Initiative (NCCI) edits. The National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) File Formats continue to 
include a Correct Coding Modifier Indicator (CCMI) for the Column One / Column Two Correct Coding edit 
file. This indicator determines whether an NCCI Procedure to Procedure (PTP)-associated modifier causes the 
code pair to bypass the edit. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet 
Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 23, Section 20.9. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that effective for services performed on or after March 16, 2018, the Centers for Medicare & 
Medicaid Services (CMS) has determined that Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) as a diagnostic laboratory 
test is reasonable and necessary and covered nationally, when performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement 
Amendments (CLIA)-certified laboratory, when ordered by a treating physician, and when all of the following 
requirements are met: 
   a. Patient has: 
i. either recurrent, relapsed, refractory, metastatic, or advanced stage III or IV cancer; and 
ii. not been previously tested with the same test using NGS for the same cancer genetic content, and 
iii. decided to seek further cancer treatment (e.g., therapeutic chemotherapy). 
   b. The diagnostic laboratory test using NGS must have: 
i. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approval or clearance as a companion in vitro diagnostic; 
and, 
ii. an FDA-approved or -cleared indication for use in that patients cancer; and, 
iii. results provided to the treating physician for management of the patient using a report template to 
specify treatment options. 
2.    Germline (Inherited) Cancer 
Effective for services performed on or after January 27, 2020, CMS has determined that NGS as a diagnostic 
laboratory test is reasonable and necessary and covered nationally for patients with germline (inherited) cancer, 
when performed in a CLIA-certified laboratory, when ordered by a treating physician and when all of the 
following requirements are met: 
   a. Patient has: 
i. ovarian or breast cancer; and, 
ii. a clinical indication for germline (inherited) testing for hereditary breast or ovarian cancer; and, 
iii. a risk factor for germline (inherited) breast or ovarian cancer; and 
iv. not been previously tested with the same germline test using NGS for the same germline genetic 
content. 
    b. The diagnostic laboratory test using NGS must have all of the following: 
i. FDA-approval or clearance; and, 
ii. results provided to the treating physician for management of the patient using a report template to 
specify treatment options. 
You can find this rule in the Center for Medicare Services (CMS) Publication 100-03, Medicare National 
Coverage Determination (NCD) Manual, Section 90.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a commode chair with fixed arms is not covered because they are considered hygienic 
equipment that is not primarily medical in nature. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and 
Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations 
Manual, Section 280.1. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
 
The rules state that socket replacements are considered reasonable and necessary if there is adequate 
documentation of functional and/or physiological need. It is recognized that there are situations where the 
explanation includes but is not limited to: changes in the residual limb; functional need changes; or irreparable 
damage or wear/tear due to excessive beneficiary weight or prosthetic demands of very active amputees. You 
can find these rules in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) for Lower Limb Prostheses, L33787. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover a drug or biological if it is safe and effective and otherwise reasonable 
and necessary. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only 
Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50.4.1. 
 
The rules say that Epoetin alfa is covered for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved labeled 
indications.  Please see the FDA drug label for the FDA approved indications and dosages. 
 
In addition to the FDA labeled indications, epoetin alfa is covered for the following off-label indications: 
1. For the treatment of anemia associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients usually present 
with variable clinical features depending on the MDS classification and the degree of disordered 
hematopoiesis with anemia. Common complaints or symptoms are fatigue, pallor, infection and bleeding or 
bruising. Diagnosis is usually confirmed by bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy. For the purposes of this 
LCD, Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) will be considered a form of MDS and as such the 
anemia associated with it may be eligible for coverage if the indications and limitations outlined in this 
LCD for MDS are met. Providers must use the ICD-10 codes listed in the LCD for MDS to code for 
CMML. If the physician cannot classify the patient with one of the MDS diagnosis codes, then the patient 
does not meet the criteria for CMML and coverage will not have been met.  
2. For the treatment of anemia associated with the management of hepatitis C. The use of epoetin alfa has 
been shown to be effective in treatment of anemia in patients with hepatitis C virus infection who are being 
treated with the combination of ribavarin and interferon alfa or ribavarin and peginterferon alfa 
3. For the treatment of chronic anemia associated Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The patient must have been 
previously diagnosed with RA using the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Patients are usually 
on antimetabolite (e.g., Methotrexate), which causes the anemia. 
 
At this time, there is no clearly established dosing regimen for off label indications. 
 
You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents, L36276 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that elastic stockings are not covered because they are non-reusable supply items. Elastic 
stockings are not durable medical equipment. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 
Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations Manual, 
Chapter 1, Section 280.1.   
  
The rules say that gradient pressure garments may be covered when used as dressings following burn injuries. 
You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 
100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations Manual, Chapter 1, Section 270.5.  
 
The rules also say that compression bandages, multi-layer systems, and gradient compression wraps are 
covered only when they are used as dressings over a qualifying wound. A qualifying wound is either a wound 
caused or treated by surgery or a wound that must be debrided. A gradient compression stocking or wrap 
described by codes A6531, A6532, or A6545 is only covered when it is used in the treatment of an open 
venous stasis ulcer. Gradient compression stockings and wraps identified with codes A6531, A6532, and 
A6545 are not covered when they are used to treat the following conditions: 
 
Venous insufficiency without stasis ulcers; 
Prevention of stasis ulcers; 
Prevention of the reoccurrence of stasis ulcers that have healed; 
Treatment of lymphedema in the absence of ulcers. 
 
You can find these rules in Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Surgical Dressings L33831 and Local 
Coverage Article: Surgical Dressings-Policy Article A54563, effective for services performed on or after July 
24, 2017. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.