Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare will not pay for dental services. Dental services are items and services involving 
the care, treatment, filling, removal or replacement of teeth or structures directly supporting the teeth. Medicare 
defines "structures directly supporting the teeth" as the periodontium, which includes the gingivae, 
dentogingival junction, periodontal membrane, cementum of the teeth, and alveolar process. You can find this 
rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(12) and in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 150. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan covers certain dental services as a supplemental (extra) benefit. This benefit does not include 
D6245 or D6740. You can find this information on pages 59-61 of the Plans 2023 Evidence of Coverage 
(EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
1.    Somatic (Acquired) Cancer 
Effective for services performed on or after March 16, 2018, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 
(CMS)  
  
  The rules say that that Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) as a diagnostic laboratory test is reasonable and 
necessary and covered nationally, when performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments 
(CLIA)-certified laboratory, when ordered by a treating physician, and when all of the following requirements 
are met: 
   a. Patient has: 
i. either recurrent, relapsed, refractory, metastatic, or advanced stage III or IV cancer; and 
ii. not been previously tested with the same test using NGS for the same cancer genetic content, and 
iii. decided to seek further cancer treatment (e.g., therapeutic chemotherapy). 
   b. The diagnostic laboratory test using NGS must have: 
i. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approval or clearance as a companion in vitro diagnostic; and, 
ii. an FDA-approved or -cleared indication for use in that patients cancer; and, 
iii. results provided to the treating physician for management of the patient using a report template to 
specify treatment options. 
You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Internet-Only 
Manual, Publication 100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations (NCD) Manual, Section 90.2. 
 
The rules say that the diagnostic challenge of a lung biopsy can often prompt the need for additional stains to 
define the neoplasm. Two important considerations need to be considered in this regard: 
- The diagnosis of squamous cell cancer can often be made without the use of any special stains, and; 
- The diagnosis of non-small cell carcinoma often requires additional stains but it is essential that tumor 
tissue be carefully triaged to allow the patients sample to be tested for molecular markers (EGFR, ALK, and 
others) when clinically indicated. 
 
Experts in pulmonary pathology recommend starting the evaluation of non-small cell carcinomas with a 
combination of TTF-1 and p40 or p63 IHCs. Often these 2 stains are all that are needed to come to a reasonable 
diagnosis and retain enough tumor sample to complete molecular studies. In rare patients, a few additional 
IHCs or mucin stains may be needed. You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination 
(LCD): Lab: Special Histochemical Stains and Immunohistochemical Stains (L36353). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 417.414. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that certain cardiac event monitors capture electrical activity with a single electrode attached to 
the skin. Other devices may employ multiple electrodes in order to record more complex EKG tracings. 
Additionally, devices may be individually programmed to detect patient-specific factors, electrode malfunction, 
or other factors. Cardiac event monitors can be further categorized as either pre-event or post-event 
recorders, based on their memory capabilities: 
a. Pre-symptom Memory Loop Recorder (MLR) 
Upon detecting symptoms, the wearer presses a button, which activates the recorder to save (i.e., 
memorize) an interval of pre-symptom EKG data along with data during and subsequent to the 
symptomatic event. Self-sensing recorders (also known as event-activated or automatic trigger) do not 
require patient input to capture these data. Single or multiple events may be recorded. The device is 
worn at all times, usually for up to 30 days. 
o Implantable (or Insertable Loop) Recorder (ILR) 
Another type of pre-symptom MLR, it is implanted subcutaneously in a patients upper left chest and 
may remain implanted for many months. An ILR is used when syncope is thought to be cardiac-related 
but is too infrequent to be detected by either a HolterTM monitor or a traditional pre-symptom MLR. 
b. Post-symptom Recorder 
The patient temporarily places this device against the chest when symptoms occur and activates it by 
pressing a button. These recorders represent old technology, as they do not include a memory loop. The 
device transmits EKG data telephonically in real-time and is usually used for up to 30 days. 
You can find these rules in the National Coverage Determination (NCD) Electrocardiographic Services 20.15. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover the use of an FDA-approved drug or biological if it is safe and effective 
and otherwise reasonable and necessary for the patient. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs 
used for indications other than what is indicated on the official label may be covered if the use is determined to 
be medically accepted, taking into consideration the major drug compendia, authoritative medical literature 
and/or accepted standards of medical practice. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 
Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Sections 
50.4.1 and 50.4.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that a knee orthosis with an adjustable flexion and extension joint that provides both medial-
lateral and rotation control (L1843, L1845, L1851, L1852) is covered if the beneficiary has had recent injury to 
or a surgical procedure on the knee(s). Knee orthoses L1832, L1833, L1843, L1845, L1851 and L1852 are also 
covered for a beneficiary who is ambulatory and has knee instability documented by examination of the 
beneficiary and objective description of joint laxity (e.g., varus/valgus instability, anterior/posterior Drawer 
test). You can find these rules in Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Knee Orthoses (L33318). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles, and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
The rules say that a copayment is a fixed amount charged to an enrollee on a per-service basis. The rules say 
that coinsurance is a fixed percentage of the total amount paid for a health care service that can be charged to 
an enrollee on a per-service basis. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that enrollees must pay a $250 copayment per day, days 1 to 6, for in-network inpatient care. You 
can find this information on pages 69 and 70 of the Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage (EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that epidural steroid injections should not be performed when contraindicated, including but not 
limited to: suspected or active localized spinal infection, significant systemic infection, compressive lesions of 
the spinal cord, conus medullaris or cauda equina, suspicion or major risk factors for cancer. You can find this 
rule in Local Coverage Determination  Epidural Steroid Injections for Pain Management (L39054). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that prefabricated knee orthoses (L1810, L1812, L1820, L1830, L1831, L1832, L1833, L1836, 
L1843, L1845, L1847, L1848, L1850, L1851, L1852): 
 
A knee flexion contracture is a condition in which there is shortening of the muscles and/or tendons with the 
resulting inability to bring the knee to 0 degrees extension or greater (i.e., hyperextension) by passive range of 
motion. (0 degrees knee extension is when the femur and tibia are in alignment in a horizontal plane). A knee 
extension contracture is a condition in which there is shortening of the muscles and/or tendons with the 
resulting inability to bring the knee to 80 degrees flexion or greater by passive range of motion. A contracture 
is distinguished from the temporary loss of range of motion of a joint following injury, surgery, casting, or 
other immobilization. 
 
A knee immobilizer without joints (L1830), or a knee orthosis with adjustable knee joints (L1832, L1833), or a 
knee orthosis, with an adjustable flexion and extension joint that provides both medial-lateral and rotation 
control (L1843, L1845, L1851, L1852), are covered if the beneficiary has had recent injury to or a surgical 
procedure on the knee(s). Refer to the diagnoses listed in the Groups 2 or 4 ICD-10 Codes in the LCD-related 
Policy Article. 
 
Knee orthoses L1832, L1833, L1843, L1845, L1851 and L1852 are also covered for a beneficiary who is 
ambulatory and has knee instability due to a condition specified in the Group 4 ICD-10 Codes in the LCD-
related Policy Article. For codes L1832, L1833, L1843, L1845, L1850, L1851 and L1852, knee instability 
must be documented by examination of the beneficiary and objective description of joint laxity (e.g., 
varus/valgus instability, anterior/posterior Drawer test). 
 
Claims for L1832, L1833, L1843, L1845, L1850, L1851 or L1852 will be denied as not reasonable and 
necessary when the beneficiary does not meet the above criteria for coverage. For example, they will be denied 
if only pain or a subjective description of joint instability is documented. 
 
A custom fabricated knee orthosis with an adjustable flexion and extension joint (L1844, L1846) is covered if 
criteria 1 and 2 are met: 
 
    The coverage criteria for the prefabricated orthosis codes L1843, L1845, L1851 and L1852 are met; and 
    The general criterion defined above for a custom fabricated orthosis is met.  
You can find these rules in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) Knee Orthoses L33318. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that effective January 1, 1997, services furnished by teaching physicians involving a resident in 
the care of their patients must be identified as such on the claim. To be payable, claims for services furnished 
by teaching physicians involving a resident must comply with the requirements in sections 100.1 through 
100.1.6 of this chapter, as applicable. Claims for services meeting these requirements must show either the GC 
or GE modifier as appropriate and described below. 
 
Claims for teaching physician services in compliance with the requirements outlined in sections 100.1 -100.1.6 
of this chapter must include a GC modifier for each service, unless the service is furnished under the primary 
care center exception described in section 100.1.1C (refer to number 2, below). When a physician (or other 
appropriate billing provider) places the GC modifier on the claim, he/she is certifying that the teaching 
physician has complied with the requirements in sections 100.1 through 100.1.6. 
 
Teaching physicians who meet the requirements in section 100.1.1C of this chapter must provide their 
contractor with an attestation that they meet the requirements. Claims for services furnished by teaching 
physicians under the primary care center exception must include the GE modifier on the claim for each service 
furnished under the primary care center exception. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and 
Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 12, Section 100.1.8. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service (CMS) has established units of service edits 
referred to as Medically Unlikely Edits (MUEs). An MUE for a Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System 
(HCPCS)/Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code is the maximum number of units of service under most 
circumstances allowable by the same provider for the same enrollee on the same date of service. Claims 
submitted where the unit of service exceeds the MUE value for that HCPCS/CPT code will be denied.   
 
Beginning on April 1, 2013, CMS introduced the MUE Adjudication Indicator (MAI) to differentiate between 
types of MUEs. If a code has an MAI of 1, appropriate use of a modifier may be used to report the same code 
on separate lines of the claim. MUEs for codes with an MAI of 2 are absolute date of service edits. These are 
per day edits based on policy. Codes with an MAI of 2 have been rigorously reviewed and vetted within 
CMS and obtain this MAI designation because units of service on the same date of service (DOS) in excess of 
the MUE value would be considered impossible because it was contrary to statute, regulation, or subregulatory 
guidance. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct 
Coding Initiative Policy Manual for Medicare Services, Chapter I(V). 
 
The rules say that claims or claim lines that have been determined to be exact duplicates of another claim or 
claim line are denied. However, such denials may be appealed. An exact duplicate for physician and other 
supplier claims is a claim that exactly matches another claim or claim line with respect to, among other items, 
provider number, date of service, procedure code, place of services, and billed amount. You can find this rule 
in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare 
Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 1, Section 120.2. If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that some international classification of diseases, 10
th
 revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-
CM) codes indicate laterality, specifying whether the condition occurs on the left, right or is bilateral. If no 
bilateral code is provided and the condition is bilateral, assign separate codes for both the left and right side. If 
the side is not identified in the medical record, assign the code for the unspecified side. You can find this rule 
in the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, Section 1.B.13. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that for any durable medical equipment, prosthetics, orthotics and supplies (DMEPOS) item to 
be covered by Medicare, the patient's medical record must contain sufficient documentation of the patient's 
medical condition to substantiate the necessity for the type and quantity of items ordered and for the frequency 
of use or replacement (if applicable). The information should include the patient's diagnosis and other pertinent 
information including, but not limited to, duration of the patient's condition, clinical course (worsening or 
improvement), prognosis, nature and extent of functional limitations, other therapeutic interventions and 
results, past experience with related items, etc. If an item requires a certificate of medical necessity (CMN) or 
DIF, it is recommended that a copy of the completed CMN or DIF be kept in the patient's record. However, 
neither a physician's order nor a CMN nor a DME information form (DIF) nor a supplier prepared statement 
nor a physician attestation by itself provides sufficient documentation of medical necessity, even though it is 
signed by the treating physician or supplier. There must be information in the patient's medical record that 
supports the medical necessity for the item and substantiates the answers on the CMN (if applicable) or DIF (if 
applicable) or information on a supplier prepared statement or physician attestation (if applicable).  
 
You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service, Internet-Only Manual, 
Publication 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 5  Items and Services Having Special DME 
Review Considerations, Section 5.9  Documentation in the Patients Medical Record.  
 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 417.414. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
 
The rules say that except for emergency and urgently needed services, Cost plans are not required to make 
payments for any services received by enrollees that are not provided directly by the Plan or through 
arrangements made by the Plan. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 417.448(a). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.