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The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that indications for coverage for Urine Culture, Bacterial are: 
1. A patient's urinalysis is abnormal suggesting urinary tract infection, for example, abnormal microscopic 
(hematuria, pyuria, bacteriuria); abnormal biochemical urinalysis (positive leukocyte esterase, nitrite, protein, 
blood); a Gram's stain positive for microorganisms; positive bacteriuria screen by a non-culture technique; or 
other significant abnormality of a urinalysis. While it is not essential to evaluate a urine specimen by one of 
these methods before a urine culture is performed, certain clinical presentations with highly suggestive signs 
and symptoms may lend themselves to an antecedent urinalysis procedure where follow-up culture depends 
upon an initial positive or abnormal test result. 
2. A patient has clinical signs and symptoms indicative of a possible urinary tract infection (UTI). Acute 
lower UTI may present with urgency, frequency, nocturia, dysuria, discharge or incontinence. These findings 
may also be noted in upper UTI with additional systemic symptoms (for example, fever, chills, lethargy); or 
pain in the costovertebral, abdominal, or pelvic areas.  Signs and symptoms may overlap considerably with 
other inflammatory conditions of the genitourinary tract (for example, prostatitis, urethritis, vaginitis, or 
cervicitis). Elderly or immunocompromised patients, or patients with neurologic disorders may present 
atypically (for example, general debility, acute mental status changes, declining functional status). 
3. The patient is being evaluated for suspected urosepsis, fever of unknown origin, or other systemic 
manifestations of infection but without a known source. Signs and symptoms used to define sepsis have been 
well established. 
4. A test-of cure is generally not indicated in an uncomplicated infection. However, it may be indicated if 
the patient is being evaluated for response to therapy and there is a complicating co-existing urinary 
abnormality including structural or functional abnormalities, calculi, foreign bodies, or ureteral/renal stents or 
there is clinical or laboratory evidence of failure to respond as described in Indications 1 and 2. 
5. In surgical procedures involving major manipulations of the genitourinary tract, preoperative 
examination to detect occult infection may be indicated in selected cases (for example, prior to renal 
transplantation, manipulation or removal of kidney stones, or transurethral surgery of the bladder or prostate). 6. Urine culture may be indicated to detect occult infection in renal transplant recipients on 
immunosuppressive therapy. 
You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Internet-Only 
Manual, Publication 100-03, Medicare National Coverage Determinations (NCD) Manual, Section 190.12. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.