Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that a Medicare plan may restrict enrollees to a network of providers as long as medically 
necessary covered care is accessible and available through this network. The rules say that the plan must 
arrange for and cover any medically necessary covered benefit outside of the plan provider network, but at in-
network cost sharing, when an in-network provider or benefit is unavailable or inadequate to meet an enrollees 
medical needs. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112(a)(1)(iii). 
 
The rules say that plans may specify the networks of providers from whom enrollees may obtain services. The 
rules say plans may require prior authorization for most in-network services if the health plan ensures that all 
covered services are available and accessible under the plan. The plan must arrange for specialty care outside of 
the plan provider network when network providers are unavailable or inadequate to meet an enrollee's medical 
needs. Plans offering coordinated care plans must ensure continuity of care and integration of services through 
arrangements with contracted providers. This includes services available through contracting or non-
contracting providers in the area serviced by the health plan including nursing home and community-based 
services. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that, with limited exceptions, members of the Plan must use network providers to get medical care 
and services. The only exceptions are emergencies, urgently needed care when the network is not available 
(generally, when the enrollee is out of the area), out-of-area dialysis services, and cases in which the Plan 
authorizes the use of out-of-network providers. You can find this information on pages 34-39 of the Plans 
2023 Evidence of Coverage (EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a Medicare plan may restrict members to a network of providers as long as medically 
necessary covered care is accessible and available through this network. The rules say that the Plan must 
arrange for and cover any medically necessary covered benefit of the plan provider network, but at in-network 
cost sharing, when an in-network provider or benefit is unavailable or inadequate to meet a member's medical 
needs. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112(a)(1)(iii). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that, with limited exceptions, members of the Plan must use network providers to get medical care 
and services. The only exceptions are emergencies, urgently needed care when the network is not available 
(generally, when the enrollee is out of the area), out-of-area dialysis services, and cases in which the Plan 
authorizes the use of out-of-network providers. You can find this information on pages 41-43 of the Plan's 2023 
Evidence of Coverage (EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that in addition to the CPT evaluation and management code, modifier -57 (decision for 
surgery) is used to identify a visit which results in the initial decision to perform surgery. If evaluation and 
management services occur on the day of surgery, the physician bills using modifier -57, not -25. The -
57 modifier is not used with minor surgeries because the global period for minor surgeries does not include 
the day prior to the surgery. Moreover, where the decision to perform the minor procedure is typically done 
immediately before the service, it is considered a routine preoperative service and a visit or consultation is not 
billed in addition to the procedure. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Pub 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing, Transmittal 11287, Change Request 12550. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover a drug or biological if it is safe and effective and otherwise reasonable 
and necessary. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only 
Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50.4.1. 
  
Medicare rules also allow the plan to use step therapy. This is the process of beginning drug therapy for a 
medical condition with "preferred" (or more cost-effective) on-formulary drug alternative(s) and progressing to 
other drug therapies only as necessary. A plan must grant an exception to its step therapy rules if it determines 
that the requested drug is medically necessary, consistent with the prescriber's statement. The statement must 
show that the step therapy drugs have been ineffective in treating the enrollee; or are likely to be ineffective or 
adversely affect the drug's effectiveness or patient compliance; or are likely to cause an adverse reaction or 
other harm to the enrollee.  
 
Medicare Advantage plans should ensure that new step therapy requirements do not disrupt ongoing Part B 
drug therapies for enrollees. Step therapy may only be applied to new prescriptions or administrations of Part B 
drugs for enrollees that are not actively receiving the affected medication. You can find this information at 42 
CFR Sections 422.2 and 422.136. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan has step therapy requirements for certain Medicare Part B covered drugs/biologicals. 
Enrollees may be required to try a preferred drug before the Plan will approve the requested medication. You 
can find this information on page 84 of the Plans 2023 Evidence of Coverage (EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a Medicare plan may restrict members to a network of providers as long as medically 
necessary covered care is accessible and available through this network. The rules say that the Plan must 
arrange for and cover any medically necessary covered benefit of the plan provider network, but at in-network 
cost sharing, when an in-network provider or benefit is unavailable or inadequate to meet a member's medical 
needs. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112(a)(1)(iii). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that, with limited exceptions, members of the Plan must use network providers to get medical care 
and services. The only exceptions are emergencies, urgently needed care when the network is not available 
(generally, when the enrollee is out of the area), out-of-area dialysis services, and cases in which the Plan 
authorizes the use of out-of-network providers. You can find this information in Chapter 3 on page 39 of the 
Plan's 2023 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  The rules say that Medicare plans must make reasonable and diligent efforts to gather and forward information 
to the Independent Review Entity (IRE). You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and 
Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Parts C & D Enrollee Grievances, Organization/Coverage 
Determinations, and Appeals Guidance Manual, Section 50.12.1. 
 
The rules state that for items and services billed under the Physician Fee Schedule, codes with a status indicator 
of P are Bundled/excluded codes. There are no relative value units (RVUs) and no payment amounts for these 
services. No separate payment is made for them under the fee schedule. If the item or service is covered as 
incident to a physician service and is provided on the same day as a physician service, payment for it is bundled 
into the payment for the physician service to which it is incident (an example is an elastic bandage furnished by 
a physician incident to a physician service). If the item or service is covered as other than incident to a 
physician service, it is excluded from the fee schedule (for example, colostomy supplies) and is paid under the 
other payment provision of the Act. You can find this rule at Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet-Only Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual Chapter 23, Section 30.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that continuous passive motion devices (CPM devices) are covered only for patients who have 
received a total knee replacement. To qualify for coverage, use of the device must start within two days of the 
surgery. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, 
Publication 100-03, National Coverage Determinations Manual, Section 280.1.  
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say Coverage Indications, Limitations, and/or Medical Necessity 
 
PVA (percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP)) is covered in patients with 
BOTH the following: 
 
1. Inclusion criteria (ALL are required):  
 
   a. Acute (less than 6 weeks) or subacute (6-12 weeks) osteoporotic VCF (T1  L5) by recent (within 30 days) 
advanced imaging (bone marrow edema on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or bone-scan/single photon 
emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) uptake) 
   b. Symptomatic (ONE): 
       i. Hospitalized with severe pain (Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) or Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score = 
8) 
       ii. Non-hospitalized with moderate-to-severe pain (NRS or VAS =5) despite optimal non-surgical 
management (NSM)10* (ONE): 
           1. Worsening pain 
           2. Stable-to-improved pain (but NRS or VAS still =5) (with = 2 of the following): 
               A. Progression of vertebral body height loss 
               B. Greater than 25 percent vertebral body height reduction 
               C. Kyphotic deformity 
               D. Severe impact of VCF on daily functioning (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RDQ) 
greater than 17) 
 
*Consider including pedicle periosteal infiltration 
 
c. Continuum of care (BOTH): 
 
       i. All patients presenting with VCF should be referred for evaluation of bone mineral density (BMD) and 
osteoporosis education for subsequent treatment as indicated.        ii. All patients with VCF should be instructed to take part in an osteoporosis prevention/treatment program. 
 
2. Exclusion criteria (Can have NONE of the following): 
 
a. Absolute contraindication: 
 
       i. Current back pain is not primarily due to the identified acute or subacute VCF(s) 
       ii. Osteomyelitis, discitis or active systemic or surgical site infection 
       iii. Pregnancy 
 
b. Relative contraindication: 
 
       i. Allergy to bone cement or opacification agents 
       ii. Uncorrected coagulopathy 
       iii. Spinal instability 
       iv. Myelopathy from the fracture 
       v. Neurologic deficit 
       vi. Neural impingement 
       vii. Fracture retropulsion/canal compromise 
       viii. Greater than 3 vertebral fractures 
 
Vertebral augmentation and kyphoplasty for VCFs with intractable spinal pain not relieved with medical 
therapy will be covered for osteolytic vertebral metastatic disease or myeloma involving a vertebral body. 
 
You can find this information in Medicare's Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Percutaneous Vertebral 
Augmentation (PVA) for Vertebral Compression Fracture (VCF) (L38737). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say Indications and Limitations of Coverage 
 
Effective January 1, 2002, sacral nerve stimulation is covered for the treatment of urinary urge incontinence, 
urgency-frequency syndrome, and urinary retention. Sacral nerve stimulation involves both a temporary test 
stimulation to determine if an implantable stimulator would be effective and a permanent implantation in 
appropriate candidates. Both the test and the permanent implantation are covered. 
 
The following limitations for coverage apply to all three indications: 
 
    Patient must be refractory to conventional therapy (documented behavioral, pharmacologic and/or surgical 
corrective therapy) and be an appropriate surgical candidate such that implantation with anesthesia can occur. 
    Patients with stress incontinence, urinary obstruction, and specific neurologic diseases (e.g., diabetes with 
peripheral nerve involvement) which are associated with secondary manifestations of the above three 
indications are excluded. 
    Patient must have had a successful test stimulation in order to support subsequent implantation. Before a 
patient is eligible for permanent implantation, he/she must demonstrate a 50 percent or greater improvement 
through test stimulation. Improvement is measured through voiding diaries. 
    Patient must be able to demonstrate adequate ability to record voiding diary data such that clinical results of 
the implant procedure can be properly evaluated. 
 
You can find this information in Medicare's National Coverage Determination (NCD): Sacral Nerve 
Stimulation For Urinary Incontinence (230.18). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that high frequency chest wall oscillation devices (HFCWO) (E0483) are covered for 
beneficiaries who meet: 
 
   A. Criterion 1, 2, or 3, and 
 
   B. Criterion 4 
 
       1. There is a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (refer to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code 
list in the LCD-related Policy Article for applicable diagnoses). 
       2. There is a diagnosis of bronchiectasis (refer to the ICD-10 code list in the LCD-related Policy Article for 
applicable diagnoses) which has been confirmed by a high resolution, spiral, or standard CT scan and which is 
characterized by: 
 
               a. Daily productive cough for at least 6 continuous months; or 
               b. Frequent (i.e., more than 2/year) exacerbations requiring antibiotic therapy. 
 
        Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the absence of a confirmed 
diagnosis of bronchiectasis do not meet this criterion. 
 
       3. The beneficiary has one of the following neuromuscular disease diagnoses (refer to the ICD-10 code list 
in the LCD-related Policy Article for applicable diagnoses): 
        Post-polio 
        Acid maltase deficiency 
        Anterior horn cell diseases 
        Multiple sclerosis 
        Quadriplegia 
        Hereditary muscular dystrophy 
        Myotonic disorders 
        Other myopathies         Paralysis of the diaphragm 
 
       4. There must be well-documented failure of standard treatments to adequately mobilize retained 
secretions. 
 
 
If all of the criteria are not met, the claim will be denied as not reasonable and necessary. 
 
It is not reasonable and necessary for a beneficiary to use both a HFCWO device and a mechanical in-
exsufflation device (E0482). 
 
You can find this information in Medicare's Local Coverage Determination (LCD): High Frequency Chest 
Wall Oscillation Devices (L33785). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that modifier -59 is used to indicate a distinct procedural service. This may represent a different 
session or patient encounter, different procedure or surgery, different site, or organ system, separate 
incision/excision, or separate injury. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual, Chapter 1, Section E(d). 
 
The rules say that the Correct Coding Initiative was developed to promote correct coding and to control 
improper coding leading to inappropriate payment in Part B claims. The Coding Policy Manual also explains 
what is referred to as Column One/Column Two Correct Coding and Mutually Exclusive Edits. These are code 
pairs that should not be reported together. Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) subject all line items 
for the same beneficiary, same National Provider Identifier (NPI), and same date of service to National Correct 
Coding Initiative (NCCI) edits. The National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) File Formats continue to 
include a Correct Coding Modifier Indicator (CCMI) for the Column One/Column Two Correct Coding edit 
file. This indicator determines whether an NCCI Procedure to Procedure (PTP)-associated modifier causes the 
code pair to bypass the edit. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet 
Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 23, Section 20.9. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract also says that worldwide emergency and urgent care coverage is not covered by Original Medicare and 
is considered a supplemental benefit. The Plan will reimburse for covered out-of-network emergency and 
urgent care services outside of the U.S. and its territories at Original Medicare reimbursement rates. You will 
be responsible for any costs above what Original Medicare would pay, less any cost-sharing for the services 
you received. You can find this information on page 54 of the Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a Medicare plan may restrict members to a network of providers as long as medically 
necessary covered care is accessible and available through this network. The rules say that the Plan must 
arrange for and cover any medically necessary covered benefit of the plan provider network, but at in-network 
cost sharing, when an in-network provider or benefit is unavailable or inadequate to meet a member's medical 
needs. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.112(a)(1)(iii). 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.  The Plan 
contract says that, with limited exceptions, members of the Plan must use network providers to get medical care 
and services. The only exceptions are emergencies, urgently needed care when the network is not available 
(generally, when the enrollee is out of the area), out-of-area dialysis services, and cases in which the Plan 
authorizes the use of out-of-network providers. You can find this information on page 31 of the Plans 2023 
Evidence of Coverage.