Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover a drug or biological if it is safe and effective and otherwise reasonable 
and necessary. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only 
Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50.4.1. 
  
Medicare rules also allow the plan to use step therapy. This is the process of beginning drug therapy for a 
medical condition with "preferred" (or more cost-effective) on-formulary drug alternative(s) and progressing to 
other drug therapies only as necessary. A plan must grant an exception to its step therapy rules if it determines 
that the requested drug is medically necessary, consistent with the prescriber's statement. The statement must 
show that the step therapy drugs: have been ineffective in treating the enrollee; or are likely to be ineffective or 
adversely affect the drug's effectiveness or patient compliance; or are likely to cause an adverse reaction or 
other harm to the enrollee.  
 
Medicare Advantage plans should ensure that new step therapy requirements do not disrupt ongoing Part B 
drug therapies for enrollees. Step therapy may only be applied to new prescriptions or administrations of Part B 
drugs for enrollees that are not actively receiving the affected medication. You can find this information at 42 
CFR Sections 422.2 and 422.136. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan has step therapy requirements for certain Medicare Part B covered drugs/biologicals. 
Enrollees may be required to try a preferred drug before the Plan will approve the requested medication. You 
can find this information on pages 65-66 in the Plan's 2023 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that molecular diagnostic laboratory tests must undergo an application and technical assessment 
process through the Molecular Diagnostics (MolDX) contractor. MolDX will review all new test/assay clinical 
information to determine if a test meets Medicares reasonable and necessary requirement. Labs must submit a 
comprehensive dossier on each new test/assay prior to claim submission. MolDX will only cover and 
reimburse tests that demonstrate analytical and clinical validity, and clinical utility at a level that meets the 
Medicare reasonable and necessary requirement. This rule requires that all tests that are approved by this 
process be assigned a unique test identifier from the DEXTM Diagnostics Exchange. Only approved tests will be 
reimbursed consistent with the effective date of the coverage determination. This unique identifier must be 
reported on the claim. You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Molecular 
Diagnostic Tests (MDT) L38988 and the related Local Coverage Article: Billing and Coding: MolDX: 
Molecular Diagnostic Tests (MDT) A58710. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that molecular diagnostic laboratory tests must undergo an application and technical assessment 
process through the Molecular Diagnostics (MolDX) contractor. MolDX will review all new test/assay clinical 
information to determine if a test meets Medicares reasonable and necessary requirement. Labs must submit a 
comprehensive dossier on each new test/assay prior to claim submission. MolDX will only cover and 
reimburse tests that demonstrate analytical and clinical validity, and clinical utility at a level that meets the 
Medicare reasonable and necessary requirement. This rule requires that all tests that are approved by this 
process be assigned a unique test identifier from the DEXTM Diagnostics Exchange. Only approved tests will be 
reimbursed consistent with the effective date of the coverage determination. This unique identifier must be 
reported on the claim. You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Molecular 
Diagnostic Tests (MDT) L35160 and the related Local Coverage Article: Billing and Coding: MolDX: 
Molecular Diagnostic Tests (MDT) A57526. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that molecular diagnostic laboratory tests must undergo an application and technical assessment 
process through the Molecular Diagnostics (MolDX) contractor. MolDX will review all new test/assay clinical 
information to determine if a test meets Medicares reasonable and necessary requirement. Labs must submit a 
comprehensive dossier on each new test/assay prior to claim submission. MolDX will only cover and 
reimburse tests that demonstrate analytical and clinical validity, and clinical utility at a level that meets the 
Medicare reasonable and necessary requirement. This rule requires that all tests that are approved by this 
process be assigned a unique test identifier from the DEXTM Diagnostics Exchange. Only approved tests will be 
reimbursed consistent with the effective date of the coverage determination. This unique identifier must be 
reported on the claim. You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Molecular 
Diagnostic Tests (MDT) L36526 and the related Local Coverage Article: Billing and Coding: MolDX: 
Molecular Diagnostic Tests (MDT) A57527. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that Medicare coverage of oncologic biomarkers must be predicated upon four fundamental 
principles: 
 
1. First, the biomarkers must have proven clinical validity/utility (CVU).  
2. Second, to support the medical necessity of the service, there must be acceptance/uptake of specific testing 
into patient management. It is essential that physicians be familiar enough with all specific biomarkers, which 
they order, such that all test results may become clinically actionable. 
3. Providers managing oncological conditions must demonstrate that the use of biomarkers will be used to 
assist in the management/treatment of the beneficiary. 
4. Peer-reviewed full manuscript evidence is required to support combination panels for multiple biomarkers, 
particularly regarding their alleged composite clinical validity/utility. For example; such potential billing for 
multiple, diverse biomarkers (e.g., diagnostic/monitoring/prognostic/predictive) can only achieve medical 
necessity when it is clearly evident how each requested biomarker can be individually contributory. 
 
Testing for certain biomarkers for specific diseases may be either diagnostic, prognostic, or predictive. It is 
noted that all biomarkers for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are prognostic. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Biomarkers for Oncology 
(L35396). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract does not clearly disclose how much enrollees should expect to pay for anesthesia services.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  The rules say that the provider, supplier, or beneficiary, as appropriate, must furnish to the intermediary or 
carrier sufficient information to determine whether payment is due and the amount of payment. You can find 
this rule at 42 CFR 424.5. 
 
The rules say for Medicare to consider coverage and payment for any item or service, the information 
submitted by the supplier or provider must corroborate the documentation in the beneficiary's medical 
documentation and confirm that Medicare coverage criteria have been met. You can see this in the Centers for 
Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity 
Manual Chapter 3, 3.3.2.1. 
 
The rules say that a written order/prescription is a written communication from a treating practitioner that 
documents the need for a beneficiary to be provided an item of Durable Medical Equipment, Prosthetics, 
Orthotics, and Supplies (DMEPOS). All DMEPOS items require a written order/prescription from the treating 
practitioner for Medicare payment as a condition of payment. You can find this rule in the Centers for 
Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Pub 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, 
Chapter 5, Section 5.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that equipment which the enrollee owns or is a capped rental item may be replaced in cases of 
loss or irreparable damage. Irreparable damage refers to a specific accident or to a natural disaster (e.g., fire, 
flood). A physicians order and/or new Certificate of Medical Necessity (CMN), when required, is needed to 
reaffirm the medical necessity of the item. 
Irreparable wear refers to deterioration sustained from day-to-day usage over time and a specific event cannot 
be identified. Replacement of equipment due to irreparable wear takes into consideration the reasonable useful 
lifetime of the equipment. If the item of equipment has been in continuous use by the enrollee on either a rental 
or purchase basis for the equipments useful lifetime, the enrollee may elect to obtain a new piece of 
equipment. Replacement may be reimbursed when a new physician order and/or new CMN, when required, is 
needed to reaffirm the medical necessity of the item. 
The reasonable useful lifetime of durable medical equipment is determined through program instructions. In the 
absence of program instructions, A/B MACS (B) may determine the reasonable useful lifetime (RUL) of 
equipment, but in no case can it be less than 5 years. Computation of the useful lifetime is based on when the 
equipment is delivered to the enrollee, not the age of the equipment. Replacement due to wear is not covered 
during the reasonable useful lifetime of the equipment. During the reasonable useful lifetime, Medicare does 
cover repair up to the cost of replacement (but not actual replacement) for medically necessary equipment 
owned by the enrollee. These rules can be found in the Medicare Benefit Policy Manual Chapter 15, Section 
110.2 for Repairs, Maintenance, Replacement, and Delivery. 
 
The rules say that Medicare will pay for durable medical equipment that is needed for use in the home. Your 
home may be a dwelling, an apartment, a relatives home, a home for the aged, or some other type of 
institution. However, an institution may not be considered your home if it is an acute hospital or a skilled 
nursing facility (SNF). You can find these rules in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet 
Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 110.1(D). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
The rules state that all diagnostic x-ray tests, diagnostic laboratory tests, and other diagnostic tests must be 
ordered by the physician who is treating the beneficiary, that is, the physician who furnishes a consultation or 
treats a beneficiary for a specific medical problem and who uses the results in the management of the 
beneficiary's specific medical problem. Tests not ordered by the physician who is treating the beneficiary are 
not reasonable and necessary. You can find this information in the 42 CFR  410.32. 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that a custom fabricated mandibular advancement oral appliance (E0486) used to treat obstructive 
sleep apnea (OSA) is covered if criteria A - D are met. 
 
    The beneficiary has an in-person clinical evaluation by the treating practitioner prior to the sleep test to 
assess the beneficiary for obstructive sleep apnea testing. Refer to the International Classification of Diseases  
(ICD)-10 code list in the LCD-related Policy Article for applicable diagnoses. 
    The beneficiary has a Medicare-covered sleep test that meets one of the following criteria (1 - 3): 
        The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) or Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) is greater than or equal to 15 
events per hour with a minimum of 30 events; or, 
        The AHI or RDI is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 14 events per hour with a minimum 
of 10 events and documentation of: 
            Excessive daytime sleepiness, impaired cognition, mood disorders, or insomnia; or, 
            Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, or history of stroke; or, 
        If the AHI greater than 30 or the RDI greater than 30 and meets either of the following(a or b): 
            The beneficiary is not able to tolerate a positive airway pressure (PAP) device; or, 
            The treating practitioner determines that the use of a pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) device is 
contraindicated. 
    The device is ordered by the treating practitioner following a review of the report of the sleep test. (The 
practitioner who provides the order for the oral appliance could be different from the one who performed the 
clinical evaluation in criterion A.) 
    The device is provided and billed for by a licensed dentist (Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of 
Dental Medicine (DMD). 
 
If all of these criteria (A-D) are not met, the custom fabricated oral appliance (E0486) will be denied as not 
reasonable and necessary. You can find this information in Medicare's Local Coverage Determination (LCD): 
Oral Appliances for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (L33611). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that a repeat epidural steroid injection (ESI) is indicated when the first injection directly and 
significantly provided improvement of the condition being treated may be considered medically reasonable and 
necessary when the medical record documents at least 50% of sustained improvement in pain relief and/or 
improvement in function measured from baseline using SAME scale for at least three months, If a patient fails 
to respond well to the initial ESI, a repeat ESI after 14 days can be performed, using a different approach, level 
and/or medication if appropriate, with the rationale and medical necessity for the second ESI documented in the 
medical record. You can find this rule at the Medicare Local Coverage Determination (LCD) L38994: Epidural 
Steroid Injections for Pain Management. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
The rules say that a copayment is a fixed amount charged to an enrollee on a per-service basis. The rules say 
that coinsurance is a fixed percentage of the total amount paid for a health care service that can be charged to 
an enrollee on a per-service basis. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that enrollees must pay a 30% coinsurance for physician/practitioner services, including doctors 
office visits out-of-network. You can find this information on page 92 of the Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage 
(EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that certain data elements are required for home health services. Any claim with incomplete, 
missing, or invalid information for all of these elements may be returned as unprocessable. You can find this 
rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare 
Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 1, Section 80.3.1. 
 
The rules say that for home health (HH) prospective payment system (PPS) periods of care, the distinct 5-
position, alphanumeric home health Health Insurance Prospective Payment System (HIPPS) codes are created 
as follows: 
 
1. The first position represents a combination of the referral source (community or institutional) and the period 
timing (early or late). 
2. The second and third positions represent the clinical and functional domains of the home health resource 
group (HHRG) coding system. 
3. The fourth position represents the co-morbidity category that applies to the patient. 
4. The fifth position is a placeholder for future use, required only because the field used to report HIPPS codes 
requires five positions. 
 
You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Internet-Only Manual, 
Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 10, Section 10.1.9. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Covered Indications 
 
A. Facet Joint Interventions: 
 
    Facet Joint Interventions generally consist of four types of procedures: Intraarticular (IA) Facet Joint 
Injections, Medial Branch Blocks (MBB), Radiofrequency Ablations (RFA) and Facet cyst rupture/aspiration. 
 
Facet Joint Interventions are considered medically reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of 
chronic pain in patients who meet ALL of the following criteria: 
 
        Moderate to severe chronic neck or low back pain, predominantly axial, that causes functional deficit 
measured on pain or disability scale; AND* 
        Pain that has been present for a minimum of 3 months with documented failure to respond to noninvasive 
conservative care management (as tolerated); AND 
        Absence of untreated radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication (except for radiculopathy caused by facet 
joint synovial cyst); AND 
        There is no non-facet pathology per clinical assessment or radiology studies that could explain the source 
of the patients pain, including but not limited to fracture, tumor, infection, or significant deformity. 
 
You can find this information in Medicare's Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Facet Joint Interventions 
for Pain Management (L34892). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.