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The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that screening tests are excluded from coverage. The only exceptions are for the following 
services: 
 
1. screening mammography,  
2. colorectal cancer screening tests, 
3. screening pelvic exams,  
4. prostate cancer screening tests,  
5. glaucoma screening exams,  
6. ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA),  
7. cardiovascular disease screening tests,  
8. diabetes screening tests, and 
9. screening electrocardiograms, and 
10. certain other testing recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force and approved by 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service. 
 
You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 411.15(a)(1) and 42 CFR Section 410.64. 
 
The rules say INDICATIONS FOR BRCA 1 AND BRCA 2 TESTING: 
 
The following indications for BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 testing are covered by Medicare: 
 
Personal history of breast, ovarian, pancreatic or prostate cancer with the following RISK Assessment 
(stratification) items (1-8 below) that are to be considered before testing in those patients with one of the four 
mentioned cancers that is suspected to be of hereditary origin. 
 
        1. Personal history of ovarian* carcinoma 
        2. Personal history of male breast cancer 
        3. Individual from a family with a known deleterious BRCA1/BRCA2 gene pathogenic mutation 
        4. Personal history of breast cancer and one or more of the following indications:             Diagnosed at 45 years of age or less; 
            Diagnosed at 50 years of age or less with: 
                An additional breast cancer primary at any age; 
                at least 1 close blood relative** with breast cancer at any age; 
                An unknown or limited family history; 
            Diagnosed at 60 years of age or less with a: 
                Triple negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor [ER] negative, progesterone receptor [PR] negative, 
and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] negative); 
            Diagnosed at any age with: 
                at least 1 close blood relative** with breast cancer diagnosed at 50 years of age or less; or 
                at least 1 close blood relative** with ovarian* cancer; or 
                at least 1 close blood relative** with pancreatic cancer; or 
                at least 1 close blood relative** with prostate cancer (Gleason score greater than or equal to 7 or 
metastatic); or 
                at least 1 close male blood relative** with breast cancer; or 
                at least 2 additional diagnoses of breast cancer in patient and/or in close blood relative(s) at any age; 
            Individual of ethnicity associated with higher pathogenic mutation frequency (e.g. Ashkenazi Jewish) 
        5. Personal history of pancreatic cancer 
        6. Personal history of prostate cancer (Gleason score greater than or equal to 7) at any age with 
            at least 1 close blood relative** with ovarian* cancer, pancreatic cancer, or metastatic*** prostate 
cancer at any age or breast cancer (at 50 years of age or less); or 
            at least 2 close blood relatives with breast cancer, or prostate cancer (any grade) at any age; or 
            Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry 
        7. Personal history of metastatic*** prostate cancer 
        8. BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation detected by tumor profiling on any tumor type in the absence of 
germline pathogenic mutation analysis 
        9. Personal history of cancer types listed above with a family history only (significant limitations of 
interpreting test results for an unaffected individual exists and therefore are not a covered benefit): 
            First- or second-degree blood relative** meeting any of the above criteria 
            Third-degree blood relative* who has breast cancer or ovarian* carcinoma and who has at least 2 close 
blood relatives** with breast cancer (at least one with breast cancer at 50 years of age or less) or ovarian* 
carcinoma 
 
You can find this information in Medicare's Local Coverage Determination (LCD): BRCA1 and BRCA2 
Genetic Testing (L36715). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.