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The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101.

The rules say that screening tests are excluded from coverage. The only exceptions are for the following services: 

1. screening mammography, 
2. colorectal cancer screening tests, 
3. screening pelvic exams, 
4. prostate cancer screening tests, 
5. glaucoma screening exams, 
6. ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), 
7. cardiovascular disease screening tests, 
8. diabetes screening tests, and 
9. screening electrocardiograms, and 
10. certain other testing recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force and approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service. 

You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 411.15(a)(1) and 42 CFR Section 410.64. 

The rules state that when completing the 1500 claim form, providers must enter the correct Place of Service (POS) code in section 24B. Invalid or incorrect POS codes will be denied and returned to the provider. If the physician bills for lab services performed in his/her office, the POS code for "Office" is shown. If the physician bills for a lab test furnished by another physician, who maintains a lab in his/her office, the code for "Other" is shown. If the physician bills for a lab service furnished by an independent lab, the code for "Independent Laboratory" is used. Items 21 and 22 on the Form CMS-1500 must be completed for all laboratory work performed outside a physician's office. If an independent lab bills, the place where the sample was taken is shown.

An independent laboratory taking a sample in its laboratory shows "81" as place of service. If an independent laboratory bills for a test on a sample drawn on an inpatient or outpatient of a hospital, it uses the code for the inpatient (POS code 21), off campus-outpatient hospital (POS code 19), or on campus-outpatient hospital (POS code 22), respectively. You can find this rule at Medicare Claims Processing Manual Chapter 26 Section 10.6.

The rules say that providers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the CPT code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in the Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Manual, Chapter I.

The rules say for Medicare to consider coverage and payment for any item or service, the information submitted by the supplier or provider must corroborate the documentation in the beneficiary's medical documentation and confirm that Medicare coverage criteria have been met. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 424.5.

The rules say that cardiovascular disease screening (blood) tests are defined as "A lipid panel consisting of a total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride. The test is performed after a 12-hour fasting period." Furthermore, "Medicare Part B covers cardiovascular disease screening tests when ordered by the physician who is treating the beneficiary for the purpose of early detection of cardiovascular disease in individuals without apparent signs or symptoms of cardiovascular disease." You can find this information in the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) 42 CFR 410, Subpart B- Medicare and Other Health Services Section 410.17.

If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com.