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The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 

The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 

The rules state that a lower limb prosthesis is covered when the beneficiary: 

1. Will reach or maintain a defined functional state within a reasonable period of time; and 
2. Is motivated to ambulate. 

A determination of the medical necessity for certain components/additions to the prosthesis is based on the 
beneficiary's potential functional abilities. Potential functional ability is based on the reasonable expectations 
of the prosthetist, and treating practitioner, considering factors including, but not limited to: 

1. The beneficiary's past history (including prior prosthetic use if applicable); and 
2. The beneficiary's current condition including the status of the residual limb and the nature of other 
medical problems; and 
3. The beneficiary's desire to ambulate. 
Clinical assessments of beneficiary rehabilitation potential must be based on the following classification levels: 
 
Level 0: Does not have the ability or potential to ambulate or transfer safely with or without assistance and a 
prosthesis does not enhance their quality of life or mobility. 
 
Level 1: Has the ability or potential to use a prosthesis for transfers or ambulation on level surfaces at fixed 
cadence. Typical of the limited and unlimited household ambulator. 
 
Level 2: Has the ability or potential for ambulation with the ability to traverse low level environmental barriers 
such as curbs, stairs or uneven surfaces. Typical of the limited community ambulator. 
 
Level 3: Has the ability or potential for ambulation with variable cadence. Typical of the community ambulator 
who has the ability to traverse most environmental barriers and may have vocational, therapeutic, or exercise 
activity that demands prosthetic utilization beyond simple locomotion. 
 
Level 4: Has the ability or potential for prosthetic ambulation that exceeds basic ambulation skills, exhibiting 
high impact, stress, or energy levels. Typical of the prosthetic demands of the child, active adult, or athlete. 
 
The records must document the beneficiary's current functional capabilities and his/her expected functional 
potential, including an explanation for the difference, if that is the case. It is recognized, within the functional 
classification hierarchy, that bilateral amputees often cannot be strictly bound by functional level 
classifications. 
 
You can find these rules in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) for Lower Limb Prostheses, L33787. 

The rules state that addition codes for lower extremity prostheses, L5970, L5971, L5972, L5974, L5975, 
L5976, L5978, L5979, L5980, L5981, L5987 are considered an upgrade to the SACH foot. The beneficiary 
may qualify for an upgraded prosthetic foot based on their assigned K-level modifier (K0-K4) as referenced in 
the LCD. A single addition code (L5970, L5971, L5972, L5974, L5975, L5976, L5978, L5979, L5980, L5981, 
L5987) can fully describe a complete foot and thus the use of more than one code would be considered 
incorrect coding (unbundling). 

You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Article for Lower Limb Prostheses - Policy Article, A52496. 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.