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The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that the provider, supplier, or beneficiary, as appropriate, must furnish to the intermediary or 
carrier sufficient information to determine whether payment is due and the amount of payment. You can find 
this rule at 42 CFR 424.5. 
 
The rules say for Medicare to consider coverage and payment for any item or service, the information 
submitted by the supplier or provider must corroborate the documentation in the beneficiary's medical 
documentation and confirm that Medicare coverage criteria have been met. You can see this in the Centers for 
Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity 
Manual, Chapter 3, Section 3.3.2.1. 
 
The rules say that This contractor provides limited coverage for molecular Deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic 
acid (DNA/RNA) biomarker tests for the diagnosis of prostate cancer that help differentiate men who may or 
may not benefit from a prostate biopsy when ALL of the following conditions are met: 
1. The patient must not have an established diagnosis of prostate cancer. 
2. The beneficiary is a candidate for prostate biopsy or repeat prostate biopsy, according to a consensus 
guideline.  
3. The beneficiary has not had a prostate biopsy OR has had a previous negative or non-malignant but 
abnormal histopathology finding (i.e., atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP) or high-grade 
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) on prostate biopsy). 
o Patients under consideration for a repeat biopsy have first undergone repeat PSA and/or DRE 
testing as recommended by consensus guidelines 
4. The beneficiary would benefit from treatment of prostate cancer and patient management will be 
impacted by use of a biomarker in a manner already demonstrated in the peer-reviewed published 
literature to improve patient outcomes. 
5. The medical record supports the medical necessity for the biomarker test. 6. Testing is performed according to the intended use of the test in the intended patient population for 
which the test was developed and validated. 
7. Testing must be performed according to Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) and/or 
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations in an accredited laboratory. 
8. For a given clinical indication (pre-OR post-biopsy), only one molecular biomarker may be performed 
UNLESS a second test, meeting all the criteria established herein, is reasonable and necessary as an 
adjunct to the first test, according to criteria established in this policy. 
9. If the test relies on an algorithm which may range in complexity from a threshold determination of a 
single numeric value to a complex mathematical or computational function, the algorithm must be 
validated in a cohort that is not a development cohort for the algorithm. 
10. The analytes measured have demonstrated clinical validity and clinical utility (i.e., improved detection 
or discrimination of cancer or high-grade cancer or reduction in the need for biopsy) in the peer-
reviewed published literature, establishing a clear and significant biological/molecular basis for 
stratifying patients and subsequently selecting (either positively or negatively) their clinical 
management decision within a clearly defined population. 
11. The test is ordered by a physician specialist in the management of prostate cancer, such as a urologist or 
oncologist. An exception may be made in geographic locations where the specialist(s) cannot be 
reasonably reached by the beneficiary and the ordering provider is located closer to the beneficiarys 
place of residence than the nearest specialist. We would generally expect that beneficiaries for whom 
the test is ordered under this exception to be living in rural locations, islands, or some other location 
where access to care is limited. 
You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination for the Molecular Diagnostics (MolDX): Molecular 
Biomarkers to Risk-Stratify Patients at Increased Risk for Prostate Cancer, L39005. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.