Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Section 1862 of the Social Security Act requires that an item or service must be "reasonable 
and necessary" before payment may be made. A reasonable and necessary determination is largely based on a 
review of the published clinical literature that is relevant to the item under consideration. When there is no 
published policy for an item, Medicare contractors may still make individual determinations when reviewing 
claims. 
 
The contractors responsible for Durable Medical Equipment (DME) coverage decisions have reviewed 
information regarding crutch substitutes/knee walkers coded as E0118. The determination is that there is 
insufficient published clinical literature demonstrating safety and effectiveness in the Medicare population to 
establish the medical necessity for these products. Until supportive medical literature is submitted, these items 
are not considered medically reasonable and necessary. You can find this information in the DME contractors 
website at https://www.cgsmedicare.com/jc/pubs/news/2010/0210/cope11657.html. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that if medically necessary and reasonable, Medicare will cover one Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan to determine the initial level of cancer treatment needed for an 
enrollee. Effective for claims with dates of service on and after June 11, 2013, a PET scan for initial treatment 
of prostate cancer is not covered. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-03, National Coverage Determinations Manual, Section 220.6.17. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that Abdominal lipectomy/panniculectomy is considered medically reasonable and necessary 
when the pannus or panniculus hangs below the level of the symphysis pubis causing chronic intertrigo that 
consistently remains refractory to appropriate medical therapy or difficulty walking or functional impairment in 
activities of daily living. 
 
If the procedure is being performed following significant weight loss, in addition to meeting the criteria noted 
above, there should be evidence that the patient has maintained a stable weight for at least six months. For 
patients whose weight loss is the result of bariatric surgery, abdominal lipectomy/panniculectomy should not be 
performed until at least 18 months after bariatric surgery and only when weight has been stable for at least the 
most recent six months. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Cosmetic and Reconstructive 
Surgery (L38914). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that if medically necessary and reasonable, Medicare will cover one Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan to determine the initial level of cancer treatment needed for an 
enrollee. After the completion of the initial anti-cancer therapy, additional FDG PET scans may be covered at 
  
  the discretion of Medicare. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet 
Only Manual, Publication 100-03, National Coverage Determinations Manual, Section 220.6.17. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that replacement during an items 5-year useful lifetime is limited to situations involving loss or 
irreparable damage from a specific accident or natural disaster (e.g., fire, flood, etc.). You can find this rule in 
Local Coverage Article: Power Mobility Devices - Policy Article (A52498). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare may cover a drug or biological if it is safe and effective and otherwise reasonable 
and necessary. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only 
Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 50.4.1. 
  
Medicare rules also allow the plan to use step therapy. This is the process of beginning drug therapy for a 
medical condition with "preferred" (or more cost-effective) on-formulary drug alternative(s) and progressing to 
other drug therapies only as necessary. A plan must grant an exception to its step therapy rules if it determines 
that the requested drug is medically necessary, consistent with the prescriber's statement. The statement must 
show that the step therapy drugs: have been ineffective in treating the enrollee; or are likely to be ineffective or 
adversely affect the drug's effectiveness or patient compliance; or are likely to cause an adverse reaction or 
other harm to the enrollee.  
 
Medicare Advantage plans should ensure that new step therapy requirements do not disrupt ongoing Part B 
drug therapies for enrollees. Step therapy may only be applied to new prescriptions or administrations of Part B 
drugs for enrollees that are not actively receiving the affected medication. You can find this information at 42 
CFR Sections 422.2 and 422.136. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan has step therapy requirements for certain Medicare Part B covered drugs/biologicals. 
Enrollees may be required to try a preferred drug before the Plan will approve the requested medication. You 
can find this information on pages 87, 88, and 128 of the Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that selection of patients for implantation of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is critical to success of 
this therapy. SCS therapy should be considered as a late option after more conservative attempts, such as 
medications, physical therapy, psychological therapy or other modalities have been tried. Patients must have 
undergone careful screening, evaluation and diagnosis by a multidisciplinary team prior to implantation. (Such 
screening must include psychological, as well as, physical evaluation). Documentation of the history and 
careful screening must be available in the patient chart if requested. Only patients who experience a positive 
response to a trial should proceed to a permanent implantation. All trials which proceed to permanent implant 
must have adequate documentation in the chart to support that decision. A successful trial should be associated 
with at least a 50% reduction of target pain, or 50% reduction of analgesic medications, and show some 
element of functional improvement. You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination for Spinal 
Cord Stimulators for Chronic Pain, L37632 (eff 05/13/21). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
Genomic Sequential Analysis Panel will be considered reasonable and necessary in the evaluation of tumor 
tissue in the following clinical circumstances:  
  
   Newly diagnosed patients with advanced (stage IIIB or IV) NSCLC, who are not treatable by resection 
or radiation with curative intent, and who are suitable candidates for therapy at the time of testing. 
 Previously diagnosed patients with advanced (stage IIIB or IV) NSCLC, who have not responded to at 
least one systemic therapy, or who have progressed following resection. The patient must be a candidate 
for treatment at the time of the testing. 
 Previously diagnosed patients with advanced (stage IIIB or IV) NSCLC, who have been resistant to at 
least one targeted therapy, are able to undergo tumor tissue biopsy for testing, and who are suitable 
candidates for additional treatment at the time of testing.  
You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Local Coverage Determination 
(LCD): Genomic Sequence Analysis Panels in the Treatment of Solid Organ Neoplasms (L37810). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that a custom fabricated orthosis is covered when there is a documented physical characteristic 
which requires the use of a custom fabricated orthosis instead of a prefabricated orthosis. Examples of 
situations which meet the criterion for a custom fabricated orthosis include, but are not limited to: 
 
    Deformity of the leg or knee; 
 
    Size of thigh and calf; 
 
    Minimal muscle mass upon which to suspend an orthosis. 
 
Although these are examples of potential situations where a custom fabricated orthosis may be appropriate, 
suppliers must consider prefabricated alternatives such as pediatric knee orthoses in beneficiaries with small 
limbs, straps with additional length for large limbs, etc. 
 
If a custom fabricated orthosis is provided but the medical record does not document why that item is 
medically necessary instead of a prefabricated orthosis, the custom fabricated orthosis will be denied as not 
reasonable and necessary. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Knee Orthoses (L33318). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare will not pay for dental services. Dental services are items and services involving 
the care, treatment, filling, removal or replacement of teeth or structures directly supporting the teeth. Medicare 
  
  defines "structures directly supporting the teeth" as the periodontium, which includes the gingivae, 
dentogingival junction, periodontal membrane, cementum of the teeth, and alveolar process. You can find this 
rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(12) and in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 150. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan covers certain dental services as a supplemental (extra) benefit.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare will not pay for dental services. Dental services are items and services involving 
the care, treatment, filling, removal or replacement of teeth or structures directly supporting the teeth. Medicare 
defines "structures directly supporting the teeth" as the periodontium, which includes the gingivae, 
dentogingival junction, periodontal membrane, cementum of the teeth, and alveolar process. You can find this 
rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(12) and in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 150. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan covers certain dental services as a supplemental (extra) benefit. The contract lists the specific 
dental services that are covered. Dentures are not listed and therefore are not covered services. The contract 
also says that any service not listed are not covered. You can find this information on pages 4-65 to 4-74 of the 
Plans 2022 Evidence of Coverage (EOC).
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that Facet Joint Interventions are considered medically reasonable and necessary for the 
diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain in patients who meet ALL the following criteria: 
 
1. Moderate to severe chronic neck or low back pain, predominantly axial, that causes functional deficit 
measured on pain or disability scale 
2. Pain present for minimum of 3 months with documented failure to respond to noninvasive conservative 
management (as tolerated) 
3. Absence of untreated radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication (except for radiculopathy caused by facet 
joint synovial cyst) 
4. There is no non-facet pathology per clinical assessment or radiology studies that could explain the source of 
the patients pain, including but not limited to fracture, tumor, infection, or significant deformity. 
 
The thermal radiofrequency destruction of cervical, thoracic, or lumbar paravertebral facet joint (medial 
branch) nerves are considered medically reasonable and necessary for patients who have had at least two facet 
joint injections that produced at least 80% pain relief.  
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Facet Joint Interventions for Pain 
Management (L38803). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
 
The rules say that the thermal radiofrequency destruction of cervical, thoracic, or lumbar paravertebral facet 
joint (medial branch) nerves are considered medically reasonable and necessary for patients who meet ALL the 
following criteria: 
         
Initial thermal RFA: 
             
After the patient has had at least two (2) medically reasonable and necessary diagnostic medial branch blocks  
(MBBs), with each one providing a consistent minimum of 80% sustained relief of primary (index) pain (with 
the duration of relief being consistent with the agent used)  AND 
             
Repeat thermal facet joint RFA at the same anatomic site is considered medically reasonable and necessary 
provided the patient had a minimum of consistent 50% improvement in pain for at least six (6) months or at 
least 50% consistent improvement in the ability to perform previously painful movements and ADLs as 
compared to baseline measurement using the same scale; 
 
Frequency Limitation: For each covered spinal region no more than two (2) radiofrequency sessions will be 
reimbursed per rolling 12 months. 
 
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): Facet Joint Interventions for Pain 
Management (L38773). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  
  The rules say that Medicare will not pay for dental services. Dental services are items and services involving 
the care, treatment, filling, removal or replacement of teeth or structures directly supporting the teeth. Medicare 
defines "structures directly supporting the teeth" as the periodontium, which includes the gingivae, 
dentogingival junction, periodontal membrane, cementum of the teeth, and alveolar process. You can find this 
rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(12) and in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-02, Medicare Benefit Policy Manual, Chapter 15, Section 150. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The contract 
says that the Plan covers certain dental services as a supplemental (extra) benefit. This benefit includes fixed 
bridges when medically reasonable and necessary. You can find this information on pages 68 and 99 of the 
Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage. 
 
The Plan contract says that authorizations for prosthesis do not meet criteria if good oral health and hygiene, 
good periodontal health, and a favorable prognosis are not present. You can find this information on page 29 of 
the Plan's dental coverage handbook.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules for transoral fundoplication (TIF) procedure, coverage is not extended to: 
 
1. any patient who has recurrent symptoms or other evidence of failure following a prior TIF. These procedures 
(repeat TIF) would be considered investigational at this time. 
2. any patient with a hiatal hernia greater than 2 cm, except where the hernia has been reduced to 2 cm or less 
by a successful laparoscopic hernia reduction procedure prior to the TIF procedure. (Based on (FDA) 
approval). 
3. any gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with body mass index (BMI) more than 35, esophagitis 
LA grade more than B, Barretts esophagus more than 2 cm, and presence of achalasia or esophageal ulcer or 
has not been on an appropriate trial of proton pump inhibitors. 
 
You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) - Select Minimally Invasive GERD 
Procedures (L35080) - Effective February 10, 2022. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that screening tests are excluded from coverage. The only exceptions are for the following 
services: 
 
1. screening mammography,  
2. colorectal cancer screening tests, 
3. screening pelvic exams,  
4. prostate cancer screening tests,  
5. glaucoma screening exams,  
6. ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA),  
7. cardiovascular disease screening tests,  
8. diabetes screening tests, and 
9. screening electrocardiograms, and 
10. certain other testing recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force and approved by 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service. 
 
You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 411.15(a)(1) and 42 CFR Section 410.64. 
 
Medicare coverage for screening of those individuals with a family history of certain disease is covered only 
for a limited number of services. Tests performed without relationship to treatment or diagnosis of a patient 
with no findings or history for a specific illness, symptom, complaint or injury unless set exclusion are so noted 
in Title 42 CFR, Section 411.15(a)(1). You can find these rules in Local Coverage Determination (LCD): 
Biomarkers Overview (L35062). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.