Persius/hicric huggingface dataset:
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
The rules say that a copayment is a fixed amount charged to an enrollee on a per-service basis. The rules say 
that coinsurance is a fixed percentage of the total amount paid for a health care service that can be charged to 
an enrollee on a per-service basis. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that enrollees must pay a $110 copayment for outpatient diagnostic tests/basic radiological 
services. You can find this information on page(s) 64 of the Plan's 2023 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
The rules say that a copayment is a fixed amount charged to an enrollee on a per-service basis. The rules say 
that coinsurance is a fixed percentage of the total amount paid for a health care service that can be charged to 
an enrollee on a per-service basis. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that enrollees must pay a $40 copayment for physician/practitioner services/specialist. You can 
find this information on page(s) 82 of the Plan's 2022 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that a type 1 Excludes note is a pure excludes note. It means NOT CODED HERE! An 
Excludes1 note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as the code above the 
Excludes1 note. An Excludes1 is used when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form 
versus an acquired form of the same condition. You can find this rule in the 2023 international classification of 
diseases, tenth edition, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) Diagnosis Codebook, Section I.A(12). 
 
The rules say that providers or suppliers shall use anatomic modifiers (e.g., RT, LT, FA, F1-F9, TA, T1-T9, 
E1-E4) and report procedures with differing modifiers on individual claim lines when appropriate. Many 
medically unlikely edits (MUEs) are based on the assumption that correct modifiers are used. You can find this 
rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare 
Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 23, Section 20.9.3.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say a health plan must disclose to its enrollees in clear, accurate terms all cost sharing information 
(such as copayments, deductibles and coinsurance). You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.111(a) and 
(b). 
 
The rules say that a copayment is a fixed amount charged to an enrollee on a per-service basis. The rules say 
that coinsurance is a fixed percentage of the total amount paid for a health care service that can be charged to 
an enrollee on a per-service basis. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Section 422.2. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules. The Plan 
contract says that enrollees must pay 20% coinsurance for outpatient diagnostic tests/other outpatient 
diagnostic tests. You can find this information on page(s) 76 of the Plan's 2023 Evidence of Coverage.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that molecular diagnostic laboratory tests must undergo an application and technical assessment 
process through the Molecular Diagnostics (MolDX) contractor. MolDX will review all new test/assay clinical 
information to determine if a test meets Medicares reasonable and necessary requirement. Labs must submit a 
comprehensive dossier on each new test/assay prior to claim submission. MolDX will only cover and 
reimburse tests that demonstrate analytical and clinical validity, and clinical utility at a level that meets the 
Medicare reasonable and necessary requirement. This rule requires that all tests that are approved by this 
process be assigned a unique test identifier from the DEXTM Diagnostics Exchange. Only approved tests will be 
reimbursed consistent with the effective date of the coverage determination. This unique identifier must be 
reported on the claim. You can find this rule in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD): MolDX: Molecular 
Diagnostic Tests (MDT) L36021 and the related Local Coverage Article: Billing and Coding: MolDX: 
Molecular Diagnostic Tests (MDT) A5697.  
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that an initial thermal radio frequency ablation (RFA) of cervical, thoracic, or lumbar 
paravertebral facet joint (medial branch) nerves is considered medically reasonable and necessary for patients 
who have had at least two (2) medically reasonable and necessary diagnostic medial branch blocks (MBBs), 
with each one providing a consistent minimum of 80% sustained relief of primary (index) pain (with the 
duration of relief being consistent with the agent used). 
 
Repeat thermal11 facet joint RFA at the same anatomic site is considered medically reasonable and necessary 
provided the patient had a minimum of consistent 50% improvement in pain for at least six (6) months or at 
least 50% consistent improvement in the ability to perform previously painful movements and ADLs as 
compared to baseline measurement using the same scale. You can find this information in Local Coverage 
Determination (LCD): Facet Joint Interventions for Pain Management (L34892). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare plans must make reasonable and diligent efforts to gather and forward information 
to the Independent Review Entity (IRE). You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and 
Medicaid Services, Internet Only Manual, Parts C & D Enrollee Grievances, Organization/Coverage 
Determinations, and Appeals Guidance Manual, Section 50.12.1.  
 
The rules say that providers/suppliers must report services correctly. Procedures should be reported with the 
Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that describes the services performed. You can find this rule in 
the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual 
for Medicare Services, Chapter I(A). 
 
The rules say that the Correct Coding Initiative was developed to promote correct coding and to control 
improper coding leading to inappropriate payment in Part B claims. The Coding Policy Manual also explains 
what is referred to as Column One/Column Two Correct Coding and Mutually Exclusive Edits. These are code 
pairs that should not be reported together. Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) subject all line items 
for the same beneficiary, same National Provider Identifier (NPI), and same date of service to National Correct 
Coding Initiative (NCCI) edits. The National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) File Formats continue to 
include a Correct Coding Modifier Indicator (CCMI) for the Column One / Column Two Correct Coding edit 
file. This indicator determines whether an NCCI Procedure to Procedure (PTP)-associated modifier causes the 
code pair to bypass the edit. You can find this rule in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Internet 
Only Manual, Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 23, Section 20.9. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that cardiovascular stress tests include insertion of needle and/or catheter, infusion/injection 
(pharmacologic stress tests) and electrocardiogram (ECG) strips (e.g., CPT codes 36000, 36410, 96360-96379, 
93000-93010, 93040-93042). These services shall not be reported separately. You can find this rule in the 
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, National Correct Coding Initiative, Chapter 11 (I)(10). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that lab-developed tests for hereditary germline testing must satisfactorily complete a Technical 
Assessment (TA) by Molecular Diagnostic Services Program (MolDX) for the stated indications of the test. 
You can find this information in MolDX: Lab-Developed Tests for Inherited Cancer Syndromes in Patients 
with Cancer (L38972). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
  
  The rules say that for a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to be made, the following criteria must be 
met:  
A. Prior to sleep testing, the patient has a face-to-face clinical evaluation by the treating physician to assess the 
patient for OSA which must include, at a minimum, the following: 
1. Sleep history and symptoms including, but not limited to, snoring, daytime sleepiness, observed apneas, 
choking or gasping during sleep, morning headaches; and, 
2. Epworth Sleepiness Scale; and, 
3. Physical examination that documents body mass index, neck circumference and a focused 
cardiopulmonary and upper airway system evaluation. 
B. The patient has a covered sleep test that meets either of the following criteria:  
1. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) or Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) is greater than or equal to 15 
events per hour with a minimum of 30 events; or, 
2. The AHI or RDI is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 14 events per hour with a 
minimum of 10 events and documentation of:   
a. Excessive daytime sleepiness, impaired cognition, mood disorders, or insomnia; or, 
b. Hypertension, ischemic heart disease, or history of stroke  
The rules also say that sleep studies and polysomnography are not indicated in the management of chronic 
insomnia.  
You can find this information in the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) for Polysomnography and Sleep 
Testing (L33405). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that medically necessary services are those that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or 
treatment of an illness or injury. Medically necessary services include services to improve the functioning of a 
malformed body member. You can find this rule in the Social Security Act, Section 1862(a)(1)(A). 
 
The rules say that services that are not medically necessary are not covered. The rules also say that 
experimental and investigational devices are not covered. You can find this rule at 42 CFR Sections 411.15 and 
411.15(o). 
 
Most studies evaluating the role of CTP in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are retrospective with variability in 
inclusion and exclusion criteria, outcomes reported, and sampling procedures, which introduces a high risk for 
bias, heterogenicity, and overall reduced quality of evidence. The evidence for routine use of CTP for 
evaluation for AIS is low quality, and there is a need for high-quality evidence to determine the role it may play 
in AIS evaluation. The exception is the role of CTP for evaluation for patient selection for endovascular 
therapy (EVT). You can find this information in the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Local 
Coverage Determination (LCD): Computed Tomography Cerebral Perfusion Analysis (CTP) (L38769). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules state that hospital-based and independent renal facilities must bill end stage renal disease as the 
principal diagnosis code on the claim.  You can find this rule at Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 
Internet-Only Publication 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual Chapter 4, Section 50.3. 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that PVA (Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP) or Kyphoplasty (PKP)) is covered in patients 
with BOTH the following: 
1. Inclusion criteria (ALL are required): 
a. Acute (< 6 weeks) or subacute (6-12 weeks) osteoporotic VCF (T1  L5), based on symptom 
onset, and documented by advanced imaging (bone marrow edema on MRI or bone-
scan/SPECT/CT uptake) 
1-3,10,25,27
 
b. Symptomatic (ONE): 
i. Hospitalized with severe pain (Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) or Visual Analog Scale 
(VAS) pain score  8) 
4-7
 
ii. Non-hospitalized with moderate to severe pain (NRS or VAS 5) despite optimal non-
surgical management (NSM)
10
 (ONE): 
1. Worsening pain 
2. Stable to improved pain (but NRS or VAS still 5) (with  2 of the following): 
A. Progression of vertebral body height loss 
B. > 25% vertebral body height reduction 
C. Kyphotic deformity 
D. Severe impact of VCF on daily functioning (Roland Morris Disability 
Questionnaire (RDQ) >17 
c. Continuum of care
10
 (Both) 
i. All patients presenting with VCF should be referred for evaluation of BMD and 
osteoporosis education for subsequent treatment as indicated. 
ii. All patients with VCF should be instructed to take part in an osteoporosis 
prevention/treatment program. 
2. Exclusion criteria 
2,5,8-10
 (Can have NONE of the following): 
a. Absolute contraindication 
i. Current back pain is not primarily due to the identified acute or subacute VCF(s). 
ii. Osteomyelitis, discitis or active systemic or surgical site infection 
iii. Pregnancy b. Relative contraindication 
i. Greater than three vertebral fractures per procedure 
ii. Allergy to bone cement or opacification agents 
iii. Uncorrected Coagulopathy 
iv. Spinal instability 
v. Myelopathy from the fracture 
vi. Neurologic deficit 
vii. Neural impingement 
viii. Fracture retropulsion/canal compromise 
You can find this rule at Local Coverage Determination (LCD) L34228: Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation 
(PVA) for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture (VCF) (eff. 1/10/21). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.
Appeal type: unknown
Decision: unknown

 
The rules say that plans must pay for a medical service or item if regular Medicare would pay for it in this case. 
You can find this rule at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 422.101. 
 
The rules say that Medicare will consider Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) medically reasonable and necessary 
when three or more of the following criteria are met: 
1. Advanced joint disease demonstrated by radiographic supported evidence or magnetic resonance 
imaging (MRI), e.g., fracture or deterioration, distortion of joint surfaces, subchondral cysts, 
subchondral sclerosis, periarticular osteophytes, joint subluxation, joint space narrowing, avascular 
necrosis; 
2. History of unsuccessful appropriate conservative therapy that is clearly documented in the pre-
procedure medical record. Non-surgical medical management is usually implemented for 3 months or 
more to assess effectiveness. Conservative treatment as clinically appropriate for the patients current 
episode of care typically includes one or more of the following: anti-inflammatory medications; 
analgesics; flexibility and muscle strengthening exercises with supervised physical therapy. 
3. Pain with functional disability due to arthritis or trauma to the knee joint; activities of daily living 
(ADLs) are diminished despite compliance with plan of care including activity restrictions as is 
reasonable, assistive device use, weight reduction as appropriate or therapeutic injections into the knee 
as appropriate; 
4. Distinct structural abnormalities such as: 
o Distal femur fracture; 
o Proximal tibia fracture; 
o Malignancy of the distal femur, proximal tibia, knee joint or adjacent soft tissues; 
o Avascular or other form of osteonecrosis of the knee; 
o Rheumatologic changes precluding or inconsistent with rehabilitation 
5. Failed previous joint replacement/arthroplasty necessitating revision as indicated by any of the 
following: 
o Loosening, fracture, or mechanical failure of one or more components; 
o Technical or functional failure of previous knee surgery, e.g. unicompartmental knee 
replacement; 
o Previous osteotomy or partial arthroplasty; 
o Infection; o Periprosthetic fracture or bone loss of distal femur, proximal tibia or patella; Implant or knee 
malalignment; 
o Bearing surface wear leading to symptomatic synovitis; 
o Tibiofemoral or extensor mechanism instability; or 
o Knee stiffness, arthrofibrosis or other destructive conditions that render the knee impaired to the 
extent to preclude employment or functional activities. 
You can find this rule at Local Coverage Determination (LCD) L36007: Lower Extremity Major Joint 
Replacement (Hip and Knee) (eff. 11/14/19). 
 
If you want to read these Medicare rules, you can go to this website www.medicareappeal.com. 
 
The Plan contract says that the Plan covers items and services in accordance with Medicare rules.