Appeal type: Medical Necessity
Decision: Upheld Decision of Health Plan

Nature of Statutory Criteria/Case Summary: The patient has requested authorization and coverage for breast reduction surgery. Cabral and colleagues report, Women with increased breast size experience symptoms such as pain in the neck, shoulders and lumbar spine, headache, intertrigo in the inframammary fold, difficulty in performing daily activities, paresthesia in the hands (due to weight on the anterior chest wall and compression of the brachial plexus), difficulty in exercising, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction.According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS), reduction mammaplasty may be recommended based on documentation of the severity of the symptoms of macromastia and impact on health-related quality of life with at least two of the following signs: chronic breast pain due to weight of the breasts; intertrigo unresponsive to medical management; upper back, neck, and shoulder pain; backache, unspecified; thoracic kyphosis, acquired; shoulder grooving from bra straps; upper extremity paresthesia due to brachial plexus compression syndrome secondary to the weight of the breasts being transferred to the shoulder strap area; headache; and/or congenital breast deformity.In this case, the patient reports back, shoulder and neck pain. She complains of shoulder grooving, but the submitted documentation did not include reports of shoulder grooving on physical examination, and submitted photographs showed only an erythematous bra strap mark with a mild depression on the left shoulder. There is no report of chronic breast pain due to weight of the breasts, intertrigo unresponsive to medical management, thoracic kyphosis, upper extremity paresthesia, headache, or congenital breast deformity. Given that the records do not document at least two quality of life signs, the requested service is not medically indicated. Therefore, breast reduction surgery is not medically necessary for the treatment of this patient.The California reconstructive surgery statute requires health insurers to cover reconstructive surgeries, defined as surgery performed to correct or repair abnormal structures of the body caused by congenital defects, developmental abnormalities, trauma, infection, tumors, or disease to do either of the following: (1) to improve function; or (2) to create a normal appearance, to the extent possible. In this case, the submitted photographs show full ptotic breasts and do not document that patients breasts are abnormal structures due to size or are of a size that are outside the wide range of normal and constitute a developmental abnormality. Accordingly, the requested breast reduction surgery is not reconstructive in nature for the treatment of this patient.Final Result: The reviewer determined that the requested service is not medically necessary for treatment of the patients medical condition and is not reconstructive in nature. Therefore, the Health Plans denial should be upheld.Credentials/Qualifications: The reviewer is board certified in plastic surgery and is actively practicing. The reviewer is an expert in the treatment of the enrollees medical condition and knowledgeable about the proposed treatment through recent or current actual clinical experience treating those with the same or a similar medical condition.