Office Action 1: Non-Final Rejection (2025-05-19)
Rejection types: 103 - Obviousness

CLAIMS:
CLAIMS I/We claim:
1\. A ballistic barrier system comprising: a mounting frame configured to couple to an energy transmission equipment, wherein the mounting frame is suspended above a ground level; a modular panel configured to removably attach to the mounting frame and removably interconnect with other modular panels to form a barrier around at least a portion of the energy transmission equipment, wherein, when attached to the mounting frame, the modular panel is suspended above the ground level, and wherein the modular panel includes: multiple ballistic sub-panels that are configured to removably attach to the modular panel and interconnect with each other to increase a surface area of the modular panel, wherein the multiple ballistic sub-panels are alternatingly disposed on the modular panel on separate parallel planes to provide ventilation through the modular panel, and wherein each of the multiple ballistic sub-panels is constructed of a ballistic-resistant material; and a ballistic detection system comprising: at least one sensor configured to detect a ballistic energy level and an energy-waveform of a ballistic event, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted to the modular panel; a notification system configured to communicate a notification to an emergency service in response to the at least one sensor detecting the ballistic event, wherein the notification system comprises: a modem configured to wirelessly connect the ballistic barrier system to the emergency service over a wireless network; and a controller configured to determine a severity of the ballistic event and activate the notification system; and a power supply configured to supply power to the ballistic detection system.
2\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1 further comprising: a fire suppression system coupled to the modular panel and including: a fire detection sensor configured to detect a fire event at the energy transmission equipment, wherein the fire detection sensor includes a smoke detector, a thermally sensitive device, or a camera; and a fire control subsystem configured to cause release of a fire suppression material at the energy transmission equipment in response to detection of the fire event, wherein the fire suppression material is rated for use on electrical equipment.
3\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein a ballistic sub-panel further comprises: a solar reflecting material coating, wherein the solar reflecting material coating is configured to reduce an amount of heat transferred to the energy transmission equipment by reflecting an amount of solar energy; and an insulating material having a predetermined thermal resistance (R) value, wherein the insulating material is configured to reduce a temperature of the energy transmission equipment.
4\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein the ballistic panel system is configured to reduce an amount of emitted greenhouse gases by reducing a number of outages of energy transmission equipment caused by ballistic events and a subsequent reliance on gasoline generators.
5\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein coupling the mounting system to the energy transmission equipment comprises: multiple framing members configured to be coupled to a structural component of the energy transmission equipment, wherein the structural component of the energy transmission equipment includes I-beams or H-beams, wherein coupling the multiple framing members to the structural component suspends the ballistic barrier above the ground level.
6\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein a mounting method of the at least one sensor to the ballistic sub-panel includes: embedding the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, disposing the at least one sensor onto the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, or removably attaching the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel.
7\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes: an energy-wave detector, a microphone, a camera, or a pressure sensor.
8\. The ballistic barrier system of claim 1, wherein each ballistic sub-panel further comprises: an interlocking mechanism configured to removably couple to either another ballistic sub-panel or the modular panel, and wherein interlocking mechanism allows for air flow through the modular panel.
9\. A hazard barrier comprising: a mounting frame suspended above a ground level; a modular panel configured to removably attach to the mounting frame and removably interconnect with other modular panels to form a barrier, wherein the modular panel includes: multiple hazard sub-panels that are configured to removably attach to the modular panel and interconnect with each other to increase a surface area of the modular panel, wherein the multiple hazard sub-panels are alternatingly disposed on the modular panel on separate parallel planes, and wherein each of the multiple hazard sub-panels is constructed of a hazard-resistant material; and a hazard detection system comprising: at least one sensor configured to detect a hazard event in a vicinity of the hazard barrier, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted to the modular panel; a notification system configured to communicate a notification to an emergency service in response to the at least one sensor detecting the hazard event; and a power supply configured to supply power to the hazard detection system.
10\. The hazard barrier of claim 9 further comprising: a fire suppression system coupled to the modular panel and including: a fire detection sensor configured to detect a fire event, wherein the fire detection sensor includes a smoke detector, a thermally sensitive device, or a camera; and a fire control subsystem configured to cause release of a fire suppression material at the energy transmission equipment in response to detection of the fire event.
11\. The hazard barrier of claim 9, wherein the mounting frame further comprises: multiple frame members configured to be coupled to a structural component of a structure, wherein the structural component of includes I-beams or H-beams, wherein coupling the multiple framing members to the structural component suspends the hazard barrier above the ground level.
12\. The hazard barrier of claim 9, wherein a mounting method of the at least one sensor to the hazard sub-panel includes: embedding the at least one sensor into the surface of the hazard sub-panel, disposing the at least one sensor onto the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, or removably attaching the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel.
13\. The hazard barrier of claim 9, wherein the at least one sensor includes: an energy-wave detector, a microphone, a camera, or a pressure sensor.
14\. The hazard barrier of claim 9, wherein each ballistic sub-panel further comprises: an interlocking mechanism configured to removably couple to either another ballistic sub-panel or the modular panel, and wherein interlocking mechanism allows for air flow through the modular panel.
15\. An apparatus for ballistic protection comprising: a mounting frame configured to couple to an energy transmission equipment, wherein the mounting frame is suspended above a ground level; a modular panel configured to removably attach to the mounting frame and removably interconnect with other modular panels to form a barrier around at least a portion of the energy transmission equipment, wherein, when attached to the mounting frame, the modular panel is suspended above the ground level, and wherein the modular panel includes: multiple ballistic sub-panels that are configured to removably attach to the modular panel and interconnect with each other to increase a surface area of the modular panel, wherein the multiple ballistic sub-panels are alternatingly disposed on the modular panel on separate parallel planes to provide ventilation through the modular panel, and wherein each of the multiple ballistic sub-panels is constructed of a ballistic-resistant material; and a ballistic detection system comprising: at least one sensor configured to detect a ballistic energy level and an energy-waveform of a ballistic event, wherein the at least one sensor is mounted to the modular panel; a notification system configured to communicate a notification to an emergency service in response to the at least one sensor detecting the ballistic event, wherein the notification system comprises: a modem configured to wirelessly connect the ballistic barrier system to the emergency service over a wireless network; and a controller configured to determine a severity of the ballistic event and activate the notification system; and a power supply configured to supply power to the ballistic detection system.
16\. The apparatus of claim 15 further comprising: a fire suppression system coupled to the modular panel and including: a fire detection sensor configured to detect a fire event at the energy transmission equipment, wherein the fire detection sensor includes a smoke detector, a thermally sensitive device, or a camera; and a fire control subsystem configured to cause release of a fire suppression material at the energy transmission equipment in response to detection of the fire event, wherein the fire suppression material is rated for use on electrical equipment.
17\. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein a ballistic sub-panel further comprises: a solar reflecting material coating, wherein the solar reflecting material coating is configured to reduce an amount of heat transferred to the energy transmission equipment by reflecting an amount of solar energy; and an insulating material having a predetermined thermal resistance (R) value, wherein the insulating material is configured to reduce a temperature of the energy transmission equipment.
18\. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein coupling the mounting frame to the energy transmission equipment comprises: multiple frame members configured to be coupled to a structural component of the energy transmission equipment, wherein the structural component of the energy transmission equipment includes I-beams or H-beams, wherein coupling the multiple framing members to the structural component suspends the ballistic barrier above the ground level.
19\. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein a mounting method of the at least one sensor to the ballistic sub-panel includes: embedding the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, disposing the at least one sensor onto the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, or removably attaching the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel.
20\. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein each ballistic sub-panel further comprises: an interlocking mechanism configured to removably couple to either another ballistic sub-panel or the modular panel, and wherein interlocking mechanism allows for air flow through the modular panel.

OFFICE ACTION:
Notice of Pre-AIA  or AIA  Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Claim Objections
Claim 5 is objected to because of “the mounting system” lacks antecedent basis. The examiner is interpreting this as “the mounting frame.”  Appropriate correction is required.
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
In the event the determination of the status of the application as subject to AIA  35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 (or as subject to pre-AIA  35 U.S.C. 102 and 103) is incorrect, any correction of the statutory basis (i.e., changing from AIA  to pre-AIA ) for the rejection will not be considered a new ground of rejection if the prior art relied upon, and the rationale supporting the rejection, would be the same under either status.
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
Claim(s) 1, 4-9,11-15,18-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393).
Regarding claim 1, Leber teaches a ballistic barrier system comprising: a mounting frame (10,11,12) configured to couple to an energy transmission equipment (2), wherein the mounting frame is suspended above a ground level (10,11,12 are above ground); a modular panel (4) configured to removably attach to the mounting frame and removably interconnect with other modular panels to form a barrier around at least a portion of the energy transmission equipment (figures 4 and 5), wherein, when attached to the mounting frame, the modular panel is suspended above the ground level (the panels are above ground level and suspend from supports of the mounting frame by 16 – see figure 2), and wherein the modular panel includes: multiple ballistic sub-panels (7, column 6 line 3-5) that are configured to removably attach to the modular panel and interconnect with each other to increase a surface area of the modular panel (figure 4), wherein the multiple ballistic sub-panels are alternatingly disposed on the modular panel on separate parallel planes (see annotated drawing)  to provide ventilation through the modular panel, and wherein each of the multiple ballistic sub-panels is constructed of a ballistic-resistant material (column 5, lines 35-37 and col 7, lines 30-36).
Leber fails to teach a detection system. Frimpong teaches a ballistic detection system comprising [0028]: at least one sensor (102,104) configured to detect a ballistic energy level and an energy-waveform of a ballistic event [0207], wherein the at least one sensor is mounted to the modular panel [0198]; a notification system configured to communicate a notification to an emergency service in response to the at least one sensor detecting the ballistic event, wherein the notification system comprises: a modem configured to wirelessly connect the ballistic barrier system to the emergency service over a wireless network; and a controller configured to determine a severity of the ballistic event and activate the notification system; and a power supply configured to supply power to the ballistic detection system [0195-0197].
It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art to provide the ballistic detection system of Frimpong on the Leber device in order to provide an automated system giving immediate feedback about the operation and condition of the energy transmission equipment leading to more efficient operation and response times as necessary.
Regarding claim 4, Leber in view of Frimpong teach the claimed system of claim 1 where Leber further teaches the ballistic panel system is configured to reduce an amount of emitted greenhouse gases by reducing a number of outages of energy transmission equipment caused by ballistic events and a subsequent reliance on gasoline generators (Leber protects the equipment and therefor reduces outages due to a ballistic event).
Regarding claim 5 Leber and Frimpong teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1 where the coupling the mounting system to the energy transmission equipment comprises: multiple framing members configured to be coupled to a structural component of the energy transmission equipment, wherein the structural component of the energy transmission equipment includes I-beams or H-beams, wherein coupling the multiple framing members to the structural component suspends the ballistic barrier above the ground level. Leber fails to explicitly state the use of structural beams to mount the energy transmission system but one skilled in the art would recognize that this is well known in the art and would provide a strong mounting means for the system.
Regarding claim 6 Leber and Frimpong teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1, where Frimpong further shows a mounting method of the at least one sensor to the ballistic sub-panel includes: embedding the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, disposing the at least one sensor onto the surface of the ballistic sub-panel, or removably attaching the at least one sensor into the surface of the ballistic sub-panel (paragraph [0198]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention to attach the sensors to the panels to get an accurate reading of panel movement.
Regarding claim 7, Leber and Frimpong teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1, where Frimpong further shows the at least one sensor includes: an energy-wave detector, a microphone, a camera, or a pressure sensor (104,102 paragraph [0207]).
Regarding claim 8, Leber and Frimpong  teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1, where Leber further shows  each ballistic sub-panel further comprises: an interlocking mechanism configured to removably couple to either another ballistic sub-panel or the modular panel, and wherein interlocking mechanism allows for air flow through the modular panel (panels 7 overlap and interlock at 9, col 6 lines 20-30,55-63).
Claims 9, 15 are rejected as applied to claim 1 above.
Claims 11, 18 are rejected as applied to claim 5 above.
Claims 12, 19 are rejected as applied to claim 6 above.
Claim 13 is rejected as applied to claim 7 above.
Claims 14, 20 are rejected as applied to claim 8 above.
Claim(s) 2, 10, 16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Jaena (US 2013/0032310).
Regarding claim 2, Leber and Frimpong teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1 but fail to show a fire suppression system. Jaena teaches a fire suppression system coupled to the modular panel and including (paragraph [0120]: a fire detection sensor configured to detect a fire event at the energy transmission equipment (distributed detectors 116 are distributed throughout the enclosure 80 for flame and smoke detection; Para. [0120]), wherein the fire detection sensor includes a smoke detector, a thermally sensitive device, or a camera (detectors 116 are preferably flame and smoke detectors; Para. [0120]); and a fire control subsystem configured to cause release of a fire suppression material at the energy transmission equipment in response to detection of the fire event (paragraph [0121]), wherein the fire suppression material is rated for use on electrical equipment (paragraph [0121]). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention to include a fire suppressant system in order to protect the energy system in a fire.
Claims 10, 16 are rejected as applied to claim 2 above.
Claim(s) 3, 17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Bellezza (US 2013/0032310).
Regarding claim 3, Leber and Frimpong teach the ballistic barrier system of claim 1 but fail to show a solar material coating. Bellezza shows a ballistic sub-panel having a solar reflecting material coating (col 3, lines 23-30), wherein the solar reflecting material coating is configured to reduce an amount of heat transferred to the energy transmission equipment by reflecting an amount of solar energy (col 3, lines 39-41); and an insulating material having a predetermined thermal resistance (R) value (col 4, lines 4-11), wherein the insulating material is configured to reduce a temperature of the energy transmission equipment (col 4, lines 4-11). It would have been obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the invention to include a reflecting layer and insulation as taught by Bellezza on the Leber panels in order to maintain the energy transmission system at a safe temperature and keep from overheating.
Claim 17 is rejected as applied to claim 3 above.
Conclusion

APPLICANT REBUTTAL: Remarks/Ar
g
uments
Claims 1-20 were pending when the present Office Action was mailed on May 19, 2025. In this response, claims 1, 5, 9, and 15 have been amended. Support for the amendments can be found at least in paragraphs [0041]-[0042] and in the originally filed Figures, for example, Figure 5. The foregoing amendments are made to expedite prosecution of this application, without prejudice to pursuing these claims in unamended or other forms in a continuation or other application. Accordingly, claims 1-20 are currently pending.
The status of the application in light of this Office Action is as follows:
A) Claim(s) 1, 4-9,11-15,18-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being
unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US
Claim(s) 2,10,16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Jaena (US 2013/0032310).
Claim(s) 3,17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Bellezza (US 2013/0032310).
B) Claim 5 is objected to because of "the mounting system" lacks antecedent
basis. The examiner is interpreting this as "the mounting frame."
Examiner Interview Summary
Applicant thanks Examiner [INSERT] for engaging in an interview with Applicant's representative (the undersigned) during the telephonic interview conducted on September 11th, 2025 ("Interview"). During the Interview, the independent claims along with their rejections as set forth in the Office Action were discussed. Specifically, amendments relating to the ballistic sub-panel configuration were discussed. The examiner indicated that the proposed amendments would overcome the cited references. The foregoing and following remarks summarize and expand upon the points discussed
during the interview. Accordingly, Applicant respectfully requests that this document constitute Applicant's Interview Summary. If the Examiner notices any deficiencies in this regard, the Examiner is encouraged to contact the undersigned attorney. A.
Response to the Section 103 Re
j
ection
Claim(s) 1, 4-9,11-15,18-20 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393).
Claim(s) 2,10,16 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Jaena (US 2013/0032310).
Claim(s) 3,17 is/are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Leber (US 10840677) in view of Frimpong (US 2020/0114393) as applied to claim 1 above and further in view of Bellezza (US 2013/0032310).
Applicant disagrees with the combination of Leber in view of Frimpong as a whole. However, to advance prosecution, Applicant has amended claim 1 particularly point out and distinctly claim that the multiple ballistic sub-panels include parallel sub-panels and a third sub-panel disposed from them using multiple spacers to allow airflow through the ballistic barrier system.
In contrast to the claimed invention as a whole, Leber shows and describes multiple curved side walls that tightly fit together to form both a penetration and a noise inhibiting reinforcement. Frimpong shows and describes a single continuous ballistic- resistant shield with no gaps between shield sections. Therefore, Leber, Frimpong, nor any other cited reference shows the claimed ballistic sub-panels disposed from one another using multiple spacers.
Accordingly, claims 1-20 are in condition for allowance and the Section 103 rejection should be withdrawn.
Applicant has not necessarily discussed here every reason why every pending independent claim is patentable over the cited art; nonetheless, Applicant is not waiving any argument regarding any such reason or reasons. Applicant reserves the right to raise
any such additional argument(s) during the future prosecution of this application, if Applicant deems it necessary or appropriate to do so. B.
Other Issues
Claim 5 is objected to because of "the mounting system" lacks antecedent basis. The examiner is interpreting this as "the mounting frame." Claim 5 has been amended
Dependent Claims
In view of the above remarks, a specific discussion of the dependent claims is unnecessary. Therefore, Applicant's silence regarding any dependent claim is not to be interpreted as agreement with, or acquiescence to, the rejection of such claim or as waiving any argument regarding that claim.
CONCLUSION

NEXT OFFICE ACTION: Notice of Pre-AIA  or AIA  Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Allowable Subject Matter
Claims 1-20 are allowed.
The following is an examiner’s statement of reasons for allowance:
The prior art of record teaches ballistic panels and spacers but the arrangement claimed in combination with all limitations regarding panels, sub-panels in different planes and the claimed detection system are not present in the art. The examiner can find no reason to combine prior art references of record without the use of impermissible hindsight. US5855099 teaches multiple panels and art such as US5822936 teach spacers but each and every limitation of the claimed application is not taught in its entirety or in combination.
Conclusion

CITED REFERENCE SUMMARIES: Ref US20210140189A1: Claims:
A multi-threat modular security apparatus for infrastructure protection comprising a substantially above-ground concrete base, a vertical post system adapted to be attached to said above-ground concrete base and adapted to receive a plurality of louvers, and a plurality of louvers attached to said vertical post system, said louvers comprising a metal panel with a ballistic protection material therein, wherein said plurality of louvers are constructed and arranged on said vertical post system to provide the necessary ballistic protection to the infrastructure and air flow through the louvers to the infrastructure and eliminate the line of sight to the infrastructure.
a substantially above-ground concrete base,
a vertical post system adapted to be attached to said above-ground concrete base and adapted to receive a plurality of louvers, and
a plurality of louvers attached to said vertical post system, said louvers comprising a metal panel with a ballistic protection material therein,
wherein said plurality of louvers are constructed and arranged on said vertical post system to provide the necessary ballistic protection to the infrastructure and air flow through the louvers to the infrastructure and eliminate the line of sight to the infrastructure.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 1 wherein the ballistic protection material is a material selected from the group consisting of an aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material, a composite of an aluminum foam core with a resin impregnated ballistic material on one or both sides thereof, and a composite of a resin impregnated ballistic material core with an aluminum foam panel on one or both sides thereof.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 1 wherein the ballistic material comprises a composite of a first aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material core and a second aluminum foam panel.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 3 wherein the first and second aluminum foam panels are about Â¼â³ to Â¾â³ thick and the resin impregnated ballistic material is about Â¼â³ to Â½â³ thick.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 4 wherein the resin impregnated ballistic material is selected from the group consisting of H-glass with a vinyl ester resin and basalt with a phenolic epoxy resin.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 1 wherein the ballistic protection material is selected from the group consisting of one or more of (a) cementitious material, (b) expanded metal, (c) cold rolled channel, (d) solid core, (e) ballistic material, and (f) face material.
A multi-threat security apparatus comprising a hollow metal door or panel having at least one opening, and a ballistic material in said metal door or panel comprising a material selected from the group consisting of an aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material, a composite of aluminum foam core with resin impregnated ballistic material on one or both sides, and a composite of a resin impregnated ballistic material core with an aluminum foam panel on one or both sides thereof.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 7 wherein the ballistic material comprises a composite of a first aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material and a second aluminum foam panel.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 8 wherein the first and second aluminum foam panels are about Â¼â³ to Â¾â³ thick and the resin impregnated ballistic material is about Â¼â³ to Â½â³ thick.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 9 wherein the resin impregnated ballistic material is selected from the group consisting of H-glass with a vinyl ester resin and basalt with a phenolic epoxy resin.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 7 wherein the metal door is 14 gauge metal.
A multi-threat security apparatus comprising a unified wall panel system having an exterior wall and an interior wall and a panel between said exterior wall and said interior wall comprising a hollow metal door or panel having a ballistic material therein, the ballistic material selected from the group consisting of an aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material, a composite of aluminum foam core with resin impregnated ballistic material on one or both sides, and a composite of a resin impregnated ballistic material core with an aluminum foam panel on one or both sides thereof.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 12 wherein the ballistic material comprises a composite of a first aluminum foam panel, a resin impregnated ballistic material and a second aluminum foam panel.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 13 wherein the first and second aluminum foam panels are about Â¼â³ to Â¾â³ thick and the resin impregnated ballistic material is about Â¼â³ to Â½â³ thick.
The multi-threat modular security apparatus of claim 14 wherein the resin impregnated ballistic material is selected from the group consisting of H-glass with a vinyl ester resin and basalt with a phenolic epoxy resin.
The multi-threat security apparatus of claim 12 wherein the unified wall panel system is used in a building.
Ref US20200114393A1: Claims:
- 35 . (canceled)
A system for detecting an object approaching and/or impacting electrical equipment, the system comprising: a housing for the electrical equipment; at least one acoustic sensor for measuring a sound pressure of the object approaching the housing, the at least one acoustic sensor disposed at a predetermined location at which the at least one acoustic sensor is not in contact with the housing; at least one vibration sensor for measuring an acceleration of a surface of the housing caused by the object striking the housing, the at least one vibration sensor disposed at a predetermined location at which the at least one vibration sensor is in contact with the housing; at least one computer processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having thereon a plurality of machine-readable instructions that when executed by the at least one computer processor cause the at least one computer processor to determine at least one of approach of the object for impact on the housing using comparisons of signal received from the at least one acoustic sensor against a threshold, and impact of the object to the housing using comparisons of signal received from the at least one vibration sensor against a threshold for the acceleration.
a housing for the electrical equipment;
at least one acoustic sensor for measuring a sound pressure of the object approaching the housing, the at least one acoustic sensor disposed at a predetermined location at which the at least one acoustic sensor is not in contact with the housing;
at least one vibration sensor for measuring an acceleration of a surface of the housing caused by the object striking the housing, the at least one vibration sensor disposed at a predetermined location at which the at least one vibration sensor is in contact with the housing;
at least one computer processor; and
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having thereon a plurality of machine-readable instructions that when executed by the at least one computer processor cause the at least one computer processor to determine at least one of approach of the object for impact on the housing using comparisons of signal received from the at least one acoustic sensor against a threshold, and impact of the object to the housing using comparisons of signal received from the at least one vibration sensor against a threshold for the acceleration.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one computer processor carries out instructions to perform the following steps: a. determine a maximum amplitude and a decay duration of a raw vibration signal; b. compare the maximum amplitude and the decay duration of the raw vibration signal against thresholds for an amplitude and a duration of the raw vibration signal; and c. transmit an alarm signal if the thresholds for the amplitude and the duration of the raw vibration signal are met or exceeded.
a. determine a maximum amplitude and a decay duration of a raw vibration signal;
b. compare the maximum amplitude and the decay duration of the raw vibration signal against thresholds for an amplitude and a duration of the raw vibration signal; and
c. transmit an alarm signal if the thresholds for the amplitude and the duration of the raw vibration signal are met or exceeded.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one computer processor carries out instructions to perform the following steps: a. compare the sound pressure measurement of the at least one acoustic sensor with a threshold for the sound pressure; and b. transmit an alarm signal if the threshold for the sound pressure is met or exceeded.
a. compare the sound pressure measurement of the at least one acoustic sensor with a threshold for the sound pressure; and
b. transmit an alarm signal if the threshold for the sound pressure is met or exceeded.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one vibration sensor is an RMS accelerometer.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one vibration sensor is a raw vibration sensor.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the predetermined location of the at least one acoustic sensor is above an outer surface of a top wall of the housing, and wherein the predetermined location at which the at least one vibration sensor is in contact with the housing is a location at which the at least one vibration sensor is in contact with the outer surface of the top wall.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one vibration sensor comprises four sensors, and wherein the housing comprises a plurality of sidewalls, each of the four sensors being disposed around a center of a different sidewall of the plurality of sidewalls of the housing.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises two acoustic sensors that are disposed at opposing corners of a base of the housing.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises two sensors that are each proximate to opposing corners of a top wall of the housing.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises four sensors that are each disposed proximate to opposing corners of a top wall of the housing.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the electrical equipment is one of an inductive device, a switchgear, and a rotating machine.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the housing comprises a plurality of walls comprising a top wall, a bottom wall, and at least one sidewall, wherein the at least one vibration sensor comprises at least two vibration sensors, the at least two vibration sensors being spaced apart from one another on a single wall of the plurality of walls of the housing; wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by the at least one computer processor, further cause the at least one computer processor to compare signals received from the at least two vibration sensors against thresholds for an acceleration to determine a location of an impact of the objection on the housing of the electrical equipment.
wherein the at least one vibration sensor comprises at least two vibration sensors, the at least two vibration sensors being spaced apart from one another on a single wall of the plurality of walls of the housing;
wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by the at least one computer processor, further cause the at least one computer processor to compare signals received from the at least two vibration sensors against thresholds for an acceleration to determine a location of an impact of the objection on the housing of the electrical equipment.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors arranged in a tetrahedral configuration, and wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by the at least one computer processor, cause the at least one computer processor to perform the following steps when one of an azimuth angle and an elevation angle in relation to an object origin is known: determine the one of the azimuth angle and the elevation angle that is unknown based on at least one of a time of arrival of a muzzle blast and a time of arrival of a shockwave associated with the object with relation to each acoustic sensor of the at least one acoustic sensor; and use the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to determine a distance to the object origin.
wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises a plurality of acoustic sensors arranged in a tetrahedral configuration, and
wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by the at least one computer processor, cause the at least one computer processor to perform the following steps when one of an azimuth angle and an elevation angle in relation to an object origin is known:
determine the one of the azimuth angle and the elevation angle that is unknown based on at least one of a time of arrival of a muzzle blast and a time of arrival of a shockwave associated with the object with relation to each acoustic sensor of the at least one acoustic sensor; and
use the azimuth angle and the elevation angle to determine a distance to the object origin.
The system of claim 48 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises three acoustic sensors arranged in a configuration of a single tetrahedral array with relation to the housing.
The system of claim 48 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor comprises six acoustic sensors arranged in two tetrahedral arrays of three acoustic sensors each with relation to the housing.
The system of claim 50 , wherein only the time of arrival of the shockwave associated with the object with relation to each of the acoustic sensors in the two tetrahedral arrays is used to calculate the one of the azimuth angle and the elevation angle that is unknown, and from the azimuth angle and the elevation angle once known or calculated, a value is calculated for a member selected from a group consisting of distance to the object origin, an object trajectory and an object speed.
A method for protecting components of electrical equipment, the method comprising: a. determining, using the system of claim 36 , that the signal received from at least one of the at least one acoustic sensor and the at least one vibration sensor is at an actionable level; b. closing, upon determining the received signal is at an actionable level, valves to a primary cooling system of the electrical equipment; and c. opening, upon closing of the valves of the primary cooling system in response to determining the received signal is an actionable level, valves to a secondary cooling system of the electrical equipment.
a. determining, using the system of claim 36 , that the signal received from at least one of the at least one acoustic sensor and the at least one vibration sensor is at an actionable level;
b. closing, upon determining the received signal is at an actionable level, valves to a primary cooling system of the electrical equipment; and
c. opening, upon closing of the valves of the primary cooling system in response to determining the received signal is an actionable level, valves to a secondary cooling system of the electrical equipment.
The method of claim 52 , further comprising actuating fans of the secondary cooling system of the electrical equipment.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the electrical equipment is an inductive device comprising: a core having at least one core limb extending between a pair of yokes, at least one coil assembly mounted to the at least one core limb, and an insulating medium disposed in an internal volume of the housing, wherein the housing is a tank; a measurement device that measures at least one of an insulating medium temperature, an insulating medium pressure, and an insulating medium level; a primary cooling system and a secondary cooling system, each of the primary cooling system and the second cooling system comprising at least one fan, a radiator or cooler, and at least one valve to control a flow of the insulating medium; wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by at least one computer processor, further cause the at least one computer processor to compare at least one of an oil temperature, an oil pressure, and an oil level as measured by the measurement device against a predetermined threshold for at least one of the insulating medium temperature, the insulating medium pressure, and the insulating medium level.
a core having at least one core limb extending between a pair of yokes, at least one coil assembly mounted to the at least one core limb, and an insulating medium disposed in an internal volume of the housing, wherein the housing is a tank;
a measurement device that measures at least one of an insulating medium temperature, an insulating medium pressure, and an insulating medium level;
a primary cooling system and a secondary cooling system, each of the primary cooling system and the second cooling system comprising at least one fan, a radiator or cooler, and at least one valve to control a flow of the insulating medium;
wherein the plurality of machine-readable instructions, when executed by at least one computer processor, further cause the at least one computer processor to compare at least one of an oil temperature, an oil pressure, and an oil level as measured by the measurement device against a predetermined threshold for at least one of the insulating medium temperature, the insulating medium pressure, and the insulating medium level.
The system of claim 54 , wherein the at least one computer processor carries out instructions to perform the following steps: determine whether a measurement by the measurement device for at least one of the insulating medium temperature, the insulating medium pressure, and the insulating medium level is actionable, and if actionable; close the at least one valve of the primary cooling system; and open the at least one valve of the secondary cooling system.
determine whether a measurement by the measurement device for at least one of the insulating medium temperature, the insulating medium pressure, and the insulating medium level is actionable, and if actionable;
close the at least one valve of the primary cooling system; and
open the at least one valve of the secondary cooling system.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the at least one acoustic sensor and the at least one vibration sensor are positioned at a local plant, and wherein the system further includes a gateway structured to receive data from the at least one acoustic sensor and the at least one vibration sensor and transmit the received data to a cloud computing system configured to perform at least one of data analysis, data modeling, data storage and resource management, and to provide the results to devices located at the local plant or at a remote workstation.
The system of claim 36 , wherein the system further comprises a data processing unit and a substation monitoring and surveillance system, the data processing unit including the at least one computer processor and configured to generate a trigger signal that triggers the substation monitoring and surveillance system to perform at least one of recording details of the impact of the housing by the object both before and during the impact, and directing surveillance camera at the substation to the power equipment that has been struck or is in the path of the projectile and the vicinity around the power equipment.
Ref US20170030689A1: Claims:
A modular ballistic barrier assembly for deployment in proximity to a protected asset, comprising: a plurality of prefabricated ballistic barrier panel units that can be stacked on top of each ot
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