Office Action 1: Notice of Allowance (2025-04-16)

CLAIMS:
AMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS:

The attached replacement sheets of claims in the form of a claim listing that includes all of the claims, commencing on a separate sheet in compliance with 37 CFR 1. 75(h) and 1 .121 are provided. Further, no amendments have been made to the contents of the claims.Attachment: Replacement sheets of claims with three pages.Page 2 of 4

SVG {EMBED HERE} 0.432.07 KRS y 17, 2025

OFFICE ACTION:
DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA  or AIA  Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Allowable Subject Matter
Claims 1 are allowed.
The following is an examiner’s statement of reasons for allowance: the prior art fails to disclose or render obvious certain limitations of the present invention.
Specifically, the prior art fails to disclose the claimed method for synthesis a radiation pattern of a conformal array antenna.
The cited references comprise the nearest state of the art, encompassing several methods for array radiation pattern synthesis and uses for conformal arrays.
Any comments considered necessary by applicant must be submitted no later than the payment of the issue fee and, to avoid processing delays, should preferably accompany the issue fee.  Such submissions should be clearly labeled “Comments on Statement of Reasons for Allowance.”
This statement is not intended to necessarily state all the reasons for allowance or all the details why the claims are allowed and has not been written to specifically or impliedly state that all the reasons for allowance are set forth (MPEP 1302.14).
Conclusion



CITED REFERENCE SUMMARIES: Ref US20150109181A1: Claims:
An antenna system comprising: a surface scattering antenna including: an electromagnetic waveguide structure; and a plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern; a gain definition circuit configured to define a radiation pattern configured to receive a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the defined antenna radiation pattern having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view of the associated antenna; an antenna controller configured to establish the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by activating a respective electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements; and a correction circuit configured to reduce an influence of the received possible interfering signal in a contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna.
a surface scattering antenna including: an electromagnetic waveguide structure; and a plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern;
an electromagnetic waveguide structure; and
a plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern;
a gain definition circuit configured to define a radiation pattern configured to receive a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the defined antenna radiation pattern having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view of the associated antenna;
an antenna controller configured to establish the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by activating a respective electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements; and
a correction circuit configured to reduce an influence of the received possible interfering signal in a contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements have an inter-element spacing substantially less than a free-space wavelength of a highest operating frequency of the surface scattering antenna, and each electromagnetic wave scattering element of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements has a respective activatable electromagnetic response to a guided wave propagating in the waveguide structure.
The system of claim 2 , wherein the inter-element spacing of the electromagnetic scattering elements includes at least three electromagnetic scattering elements per the free-space wavelength.
The system of claim 2 , wherein the inter-element spacing of the electromagnetic scattering elements includes at least five electromagnetic scattering elements per the free-space wavelength.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the surface scattering antenna includes a surface scattering antenna having a thin planar dimension relative to a planar dimension of the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the aperture of the surface scattering antenna is less than 50% of the aperture of the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the surface scattering antenna includes a surface scattering antenna configured to generate an adjustable or reconfigurable radiation pattern.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the surface scattering antenna includes an omnidirectional or bidirectional surface scattering antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include discrete electromagnetic wave scattering elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include electromagnetic wave scattering or radiating elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include metamaterial wave scattering elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include electromagnetic wave transmitting elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include electromagnetic wave receiving elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements are exposed to a propagation path of the electromagnetic waveguide structure.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave scattering elements include electromagnetic wave scattering elements respectively having at least two individually controllable electromagnetic responses to a guided wave propagating in the waveguide structure.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements are operable in combination to produce a dynamically controllable radiation pattern.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements are operable in combination to produce a variable radiation pattern providing localization on the possible interfering signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the gain definition circuit includes a gain definition circuit configured to define an antenna radiation pattern with a field of view shaped to facilitate searching at least a portion of the undesired field of view of the associated antenna for the possible interfering signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the gain definition circuit includes a gain definition circuit configured to define a series of antenna radiation patterns with fields of view shaped to facilitate searching at least a portion of the undesired field of view of the associated antenna for the possible interfering signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the gain definition circuit includes a gain definition circuit configured to define an antenna radiation pattern with a field of view shaped to localize at least a portion of the undesired field of view of the associated antenna for the possible interfering signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the gain definition circuit is further configured to instruct the antenna controller to implement the defined radiation pattern.
- 27 . (canceled)
The system of claim 1 , wherein the undesired field of view of the associated antenna includes a terrestrial or low altitude region.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the undesired field of view of the associated antenna includes a field of view away from a potential source of a target signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the desired field of view of the associated antenna includes a field of view that includes a source of a target signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna controller is further configured to implement the defined radiation pattern.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna controller is configured to establish at least two radiation patterns in the surface scattering antenna by dynamically controlling the respective electromagnetic responses of the electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the antenna controller is configured to establish the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by applying a bias activating the respective electromagnetic response of the electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit is further configured to detect the possible interfering signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the associated antenna includes an associated skyward or hemispherically sensitive antenna configured to receive electromagnetic signals transmitted by an airborne or spaceborne source.
- 42 . (canceled)
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit is configured to cancel a component of the received possible interfering signal in the contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit is configured to subtract the possible interfering signal from the contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit includes a variable attenuator configured to adjust the signal strength of a received possible interfering signal, and is configured to subtract the possible interfering signal at the adjusted strength level from the contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit includes an adaptive correction circuit.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the correction circuit includes a correction circuit configured to apply a signal-processing technique to reduce an influence of the received possible interfering signal in the contemporaneously received signal.
The system of claim 1 , wherein the gain definition circuit is further configured to facilitate detection of the possible interfering signal by adaptively varying a radiation pattern of the surface scattering antenna to converge on the possible interfering signal,
The system of claim 1 , wherein a peripheral portion of the associated antenna includes the surface scattering antenna.
- 56 . (canceled)
The system of claim 1 , further comprising: the associated antenna.
the associated antenna.
- 60 . (canceled)
The system of claim 1 , further comprising: a space-based navigation system receiver.
a space-based navigation system receiver.
A method comprising: defining an antenna radiation pattern configured to receive in a surface scattering antenna a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the surface scattering antenna having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view; establishing the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by respectively activating an electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements; receiving the possible interfering signal with the defined antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna; and reducing an influence of the possible interfering signal in a contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna,
defining an antenna radiation pattern configured to receive in a surface scattering antenna a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the surface scattering antenna having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view;
establishing the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by respectively activating an electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements;
receiving the possible interfering signal with the defined antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna; and
reducing an influence of the possible interfering signal in a contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna,
The method of claim 61 , wherein the surface scattering antenna includes: an electromagnetic waveguide structure; and the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and having an inter-element spacing substantially less than a free-space wavelength of a highest operating frequency of the surface scattering antenna, each electromagnetic wave scattering element of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements having a respective activatable electromagnetic response to a guided wave propagating in the waveguide structure, the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern.
the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and having an inter-element spacing substantially less than a free-space wavelength of a highest operating frequency of the surface scattering antenna, each electromagnetic wave scattering element of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements having a respective activatable electromagnetic response to a guided wave propagating in the waveguide structure, the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern.
The method of claim 61 , further comprising: reshaping the antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna in response to an aspect of the received possible interfering signal; and receiving another instance of the possible interfering signal on the operating frequency band of the another antenna with the reshaped the antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna.
reshaping the antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna in response to an aspect of the received possible interfering signal; and
receiving another instance of the possible interfering signal on the operating frequency band of the another antenna with the reshaped the antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna.
The method of claim 64 , wherein the reducing includes reducing an influence of the possible interfering signal in a contemporaneously received signal by the associated antenna based upon the received another instance of the possible interfering signal.
A system comprising: means for defining an antenna radiation pattern configured to receive in a surface scattering antenna a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the surface scattering antenna having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view; means for establishing the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by respectively activating an electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements; means for receiving the possible interfering signal with the defined antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna; and means for reducing an influence of the possible interfering signal in a signal contemporaneously received by the associated antenna.
means for defining an antenna radiation pattern configured to receive in a surface scattering antenna a possible interfering signal transmitted within an operating frequency band of an associated antenna, the associated antenna having field of view that includes a desired field of view and an undesired field of view, and the surface scattering antenna having a field of view covering at least a portion of the undesired field of view;
means for establishing the defined radiation pattern in the surface scattering antenna by respectively activating an electromagnetic response of selected electromagnetic wave scattering elements of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements;
means for receiving the possible interfering signal with the defined antenna radiation pattern established in the surface scattering antenna; and
means for reducing an influence of the possible interfering signal in a signal contemporaneously received by the associated antenna.
The system of claim 66 , wherein the surface scattering antenna includes: an electromagnetic waveguide structure; and the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements distributed along the waveguide structure and having an inter-element spacing substantially less than a free-space wavelength of a highest operating frequency of the surface scattering antenna, each electromagnetic wave scattering element of the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements having a respective activatable electromagnetic response to a guided wave propagating in the waveguide structure, the plurality of electromagnetic wave scattering elements operable in combination to produce a controllable radiation pattern.
Ref US20180358696A1: Claims:
A multi-mode phased array antenna (âMPAAâ) having at least two modes of operation, wherein a first mode of operation produces a first radiation pattern having a main-beam and a second mode of operation produces a second radiation pattern having a second beam, the MPAA comprising: a plurality of radiating elements arranged as an array of radiating elements, and a controller in signal communication with the plurality of radiating elements, wherein the controller is configured to excite the plurality of radiating elements to produce the first radiation pattern having the main-beam in the first mode of operation and the second radiation pattern having the second beam in the second mode of operation, wherein the second beam is wider than the main-beam and wherein the second radiation pattern is similar to a radiation pattern of a single radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements and wherein the controller is also configured to switch between the first mode operation and the second mode of operation.
a plurality of radiating elements arranged as an array of radiating elements, and
a controller in signal communication with the plurality of radiating elements, wherein the controller is configured to excite the plurality of radiating elements to produce the first radiation pattern having the main-beam in the first mode of operation and the second radiation pattern having the second beam in the second mode of operation, wherein the second beam is wider than the main-beam and wherein the second radiation pattern is similar to a radiation pattern of a single radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements and wherein the controller is also configured to switch between the first mode operation and the second mode of operation.
wherein the controller is configured to excite the plurality of radiating elements to produce the first radiation pattern having the main-beam in the first mode of operation and the second radiation pattern having the second beam in the second mode of operation, wherein the second beam is wider than the main-beam and wherein the second radiation pattern is similar to a radiation pattern of a single radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements and
the first radiation pattern having the main-beam in the first mode of operation and
the second radiation pattern having the second beam in the second mode of operation,
wherein the second beam is wider than the main-beam and
wherein the second radiation pattern is similar to a radiation pattern of a single radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements and
wherein the controller is also configured to switch between the first mode operation and the second mode of operation.
The MPAA of claim 1 , wherein the array of radiating elements has an array center and wherein the second radiation pattern is approximately an amplified radiation pattern of a single radiating element that is located at the array center.
wherein the array of radiating elements has an array center and
wherein the second radiation pattern is approximately an amplified radiation pattern of a single 
[Truncated to input limit]