High expression of small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 predicts poor prognosis and promotes bone metastasis in prostate cancer by activating transforming growth factor-beta signaling
Authors: Jun Zhou
Xinhua Xi
Xueren Zhong
Zhengguo Cao
Zhengbo Hu
Yongzheng Bao
Konghe Hu
Zhipeng Zhang
Junjian Liao
Yongyu Hu
Qiang Wu
Journal: Bioengineered (2022)
Discipline: BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Keywords: SNHG3; miR-214-3p; prostate cancer; tgf-β signaling; tgfbr1.
Affiliations: Department of Orthopaedics, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China., Department of Orthopedics, Shaoguan First People's Hospital Affiliated Southern Medical University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China., Department of Urology, Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China.

Abstract:  Bone metastasis is closely related to tumor death in prostate cancer (PC). Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) has been implicated in the initiation and progression of multiple human cancers. Nevertheless, the biological function of SNHG3 in PC has not been elucidated. Our results indicated that SNHG3 was upregulated in bone metastasis-positive PC tissues compared to bone metastasis-negative PC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. High expression of SNHG3 indicates advanced clinicopathological features and predicts poor prognosis in patients with PC. Meanwhile, SNHG3 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of PC cells and inhibited PC cell metastasis to the bone. Mechanistically, SNHG3 enhanced the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) and activated transforming growth factor-Beta (TGF-β) signaling by targeting miR-214-3p. Our study demonstrated the novel role of the SNHG3/miR-214-3p/TGF-β axis in tumor growth and bone metastasis in PC, indicating that SNHG3 may act as a biomarker and promising therapeutic target against PC. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Two of the PCR primers listed in Materials and Methods appear to be incorrect. Does the statement in  Availability... saying that  All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article means that e.g. Western immunoblotting data presented in Figure 8f is based on only one single experiment (not three independent experiments)? It is peculiar that no funding is associated with this study. , 
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 #1 Dear Indigofera tanganyikensisuff1a For the first PCR primers question, we carefully checked the experimental records and found that the primer sequences was wrong. These wrong sequences are the sequences of two genes that we are currently studying (PCAT7 and SP1). The correct sequence is as follows: SNHG3, forward: 5u2019-AAGACGATCTGCACTTCGCA-3u2019, reverse: 5u2019- TGCTCCAAGTCTGCCAAAGAT -3u2019; GAPDH, forward: 5u2019- GTCTCCTCTGACTTCAACAGCG -3u2019, reverse: 5u2019-ACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCCAA -3u2019. We are very sorry for our carelessness. For the statement question, the statement  All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article is inappropriate, which should be corrected as u201c All data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable requestu201d. All experiments were repeated three times. We are extremely sorry for such oversight and apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused. We will make corrigendum as soon as possible. Xinhua Xi , 
 Dear Indigofera tanganyikensisuff1a 1u3001tFor the first PCR primers question, we carefully checked the experimental records and found that the primer sequences was wrong. These wrong sequences are the sequences of two genes that we are currently studying (PCAT7 and SP1). The correct sequence is as follows: SNHG3, forward: 5u2019-AAGACGATCTGCACTTCGCA-3u2019, reverse: 5u2019- TGCTCCAAGTCTGCCAAAGAT -3u2019; GAPDH, forward: 5u2019- GTCTCCTCTGACTTCAACAGCG -3u2019, reverse: 5u2019-ACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCCAA -3u2019. We are very sorry for our carelessness. We will make corrigendum as soon as possible 2u3001tFor the statement question, the statement  All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article is inappropriate, which should be corrected as u201c All data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable requestu201d. All experiments were repeated three times, including western blotting assays. We are extremely sorry for such oversight and apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused. We will make corrigendum as soon as possible. 3u3001tThere is no funding associated with this study. Our team is very interested in bone metastasis, and completed relevant research with the support of our hospital and colleagues. Xinhua Xi , 
 Dear Indigofera tanganyikensisuff1a 1u3001tFor the first PCR primers question, we carefully checked the experimental records and found that the primer sequences was wrong. These wrong sequences are the sequences of two genes that we are currently studying (PCAT7 and SP1). The correct sequence is as follows: SNHG3, forward: 5u2019-AAGACGATCTGCACTTCGCA-3u2019, reverse: 5u2019- TGCTCCAAGTCTGCCAAAGAT -3u2019; GAPDH, forward: 5u2019- GTCTCCTCTGACTTCAACAGCG -3u2019, reverse: 5u2019-ACCACCCTGTTGCTGTAGCCAA -3u2019. We are very sorry for our carelessness. We will make corrigendum as soon as possible 2u3001tFor the statement question, the statement  All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article is inappropriate, which should be corrected as u201c All data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable requestu201d. All experiments were repeated three times, including western blotting assays. We are extremely sorry for such oversight and apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused. We will make corrigendum as soon as possible. 3u3001tThere is no funding associated with this study. Our team is very interested in bone metastasis, and completed relevant research with the support of our hospital and colleagues. Xinhua Xi ,