High expression level and nuclear localization of Sam68 are associated with progression and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Jun-Ling Liu
Xiao-Hui Zhao
Ting-Ting Li
Zheng-Gen Wang
Yan-Mei Cui
Xiu-Ting Chen
Li-Bing Song
Ling Shi
Wen-Ting Liao
Yan-Qing Ding
Journal: BMC Gastroenterology (2013)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: Sam68; colorectal cancer; clinicopathologic significance; oncogenesis; progression

Abstract:  Background: Src-associated in mitosis (Sam68; 68 kDa) has been implicated in the oncogenesis and progression of several human cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of Sam68 expression and its subcellular localization in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Sam68 expression was examined in CRC cell lines, nine matched CRC tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Sam68 protein expression and localization were determined in 224 paraffin-embedded archived CRC samples using immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the clinicopathologic significance. Results: Sam68 was upregulated in CRC cell lines and CRC, as compared with normal tissues; high Sam68 expression was detected in 120/224 (53.6%) of the CRC tissues. High Sam68 expression correlated significantly with poor differentiation (P = 0.033), advanced T stage (P &lt; 0.001), N stage (P = 0.023) and distant metastasis (P = 0.033). Sam68 nuclear localization correlated significantly with poor differentiation (P = 0.002) and T stage (P =0.021). Patients with high Sam68 expression or Sam68 nuclear localization had poorer overall survival than patients with low Sam68 expression or Sam68 cytoplasmic localization. Patients with high Sam68 expression had a higher risk of recurrence than those with low Sam68 expression. Conclusions: Overexpression of Sam68 correlated highly with cancer progression and poor differentiation in CRC. High Sam68 expression and Sam68 nuclear localization were associated with poorer overall survival. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Figure 2D appears to have two images which overlap, with different dimensions and differently cropped. This does not appear to be simply an error that occurred during figure assembly. *** ![file] , 
 Retracted [11 October 2021] . ------------------------------ The Editor has retracted this article after a number of concerns were raised, including: - Overlapping panels in Figures 2 and 3 - Inaccurate description of Figure 2 parts A-C in the figure legend - Lack of discussion of the difference between the behaviour of the cell line COLO205 compared with the other cell lines used - Lack of methodological information relating to the 9 paired colorectal cancer tissue samples - No description of normal cell lines used and inconsistencies in the descriptions of colorectal cell lines The Editor no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions presented. Yan-Mei Cu agrees with this retraction. Wen-Ting Liao and Li-Bing Song disagree with this retraction. Jun-Ling Liu, Zheng-Gen Wang, Ling Shi, Ting-Ting Li, Xiao-Hui Zhao, Xiu-Ting Chen and Yan-Qing Ding have not responded to correspondence from the Editor about this retraction. ,