Protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation regulates the interaction of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus regulatory protein ORF57 with its multifunctional partner hnRNP K
Authors: Poonam Malik
J Barklie Clements
Journal: Nucleic Acids Research (2004)
Discipline: BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Keywords: ORF57 protein; Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; gene expression; transcriptional; post-transcriptional levels
Affiliations: Division of Virology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Church Street, Glasgow, G11 5JR, Scotland, UK.

Abstract:  ORF57 protein of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus has a counterpart in all herpesvirus of mammals and birds and regulates gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. ORF57 was capable of self-interaction and bound a rapidly migrating form of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), a multifunctional cellular protein involved in gene expression. In virus infected cell extracts, ORF57 was present in a complex with hnRNP K that had protein kinase CK2 activity, and was phosphorylated by CK2. Different regions of ORF57 bound both catalytic alpha/alpha' and regulatory beta subunits of CK2. CK2 modification enhanced the ORF57-hnRNP K interaction, and may regulate the presence and activities of components in the complex. We suggest that ORF57 and hnRNP K interaction may modulate ORF57-mediated regulation of viral gene expression. Herpesviral ORF57 (Rhadinovirus) and ICP27 (Simplexvirus) proteins both interact with hnRNP K and CK2 implying that adaptation of the ancestral hnRNP K and CK2 to associate with viral regulatory ancestor protein likely pre-dates divergence of these Herpesviridae genera that occurred 200 million years ago. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Figure 6C. Much more similar than expected. ![file] , 
 Figure 8. Much more similar and different than expected. ![file] , 
 Figure 8B. Much more similar than expected. ![file] , 
 Data Figure 8C Nucleic Acids Res. 2004; 32(18): 5553u20135569 much more similar and different to data in J Virol. 2003 Apr; 77(7): 4315u20134325 than expected. ![file] , 
 Data Figure 8C Nucleic Acids Res. 2004; 32(18): 5553u20135569 much more similar and different to data in J Virol. 2003 Apr; 77(7): 4315u20134325 than expected. ![file] , 
 John Barklie Clements has passed, but could Poonam Malik post the original blots here? https: www.deepdyve.com lp springer-journals in-memoriam-john-barklie-clements-1946-2005-Fr9K4Q1SOc , 
 December 24, 2021  In October 2004, NAR published the article u2018Protein kinase CK2 phosphorylation regulates the interaction of Kaposi s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus regulatory protein ORF57 with its multifunctional partner hnRNP Ku2019 by Poonam Malik and J. Barklie Clements (1). The Editors were alerted in 2021 that the blots depicted in several figures show unusual levels of similarity. As the Authors have not been able to provide the original data, the matter has been referred to the Author s institution for further investigation. In the interim, while the results themselves may not be in question, the Editors advise Readers to examine the details of this study with particular care. Julian E. Sale, Barry L. Stoddard Senior Executive Editors , 
 Retraction Published: 04 July 2022 Following allegations of image manipulation in Figures 1A, 6C, 8B, 8C, and 8E in 2021, the journal conducted a brief investigation, referred the matter to the authorsu2019 institution, and published an Expression of Concern. In May 2022, the institutional panel investigating the allegations concluded the figures are not authentic and the scientific integrity of the article is compromised, and they recommended retracting the article. Their report includes: u2018On the balance of probabilities, the Panel believe that these data as presented in the publication have been inappropriately manipulated. As such, the data and its interpretation are misleading and unreliable.u2019 The Editors of the journal are, therefore, now retracting this article. ,