Retracted : Platelet‐derived growth factor subunit B is required for tendon‐bone healing using bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells after rotator cuff repair in rats
Authors: Xiao-Nan Gong
Xue-Feng Yin
Yong-Bing Zhang
Lin-Liang Wang
Xiu-Cheng Chu
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B; repair of rotator cuff injury; tendon-bone healing.
Affiliations: Department of Joint Surgery Dongying City People’s Hospital  Dongying China

Abstract:  As a common cause of shoulder pain and disability, rotator cuff injury (RCI) represents a debilitating condition affecting an individual's quality of life. Although surgical repair has been shown to be somewhat effective, many patients may still suffer from reduced shoulder function. The aim of the current study was to identify a more effective mode of RCI treatment by investigating the effect of platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF-B) on tendon-bone healing after RCI repair by modifying bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Surface markers of BMSCs were initially detected by means of flow cytometry, followed by establishment of the rat models and construction of the lentiviral vector. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, alizarin red staining, and oil red O staining were used to provide verification that PDGF-B was indeed capable of promoting BMSC viability, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capability. Furthermore, biomechanical assessment results indicated that PDGF-B could increase the ultimate load and stiffness of the tendon tissue. Real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis methods provided evidence suggesting that PDGF-B facilitated the expression of tendon-bone healing-related genes and proteins, while contrasting results were obtained after PDGF-B silencing. Taken together, the key findings of the current study provided evidence suggesting that overexpressed PDGF-B could act to enhance tendon-bone healing after RCI repair, thus highlighting the potential of the functional promotion of PDGF-B as a future RCI therapeutic approach. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Figs 4C  Western blot assay confirmed that PDGFu2010B contributed to highly expressed Runx2 and ALP protein and 4F  Western blot assay confirmed that PDGFu2010B contributed to highly expressed PPARu03b3 and LPL protein . ![file] The marked loading controls are suggestive of a papermill provenance for this paper, as they occur literally dozens of times in other papers by otherwise-unrelated authors. Fig 3A from [Gong et al (2018)] : ![] 5B and 4B from [Wen et al (2018)] with 6E from [Zhang et al (2018)] : ![] , 
 6C.  Western blot analysis results verified that PDGFu2010B positively affects the protein expression of tendonu2010bone healingu2010related genes and proteins . The loading control is like an old friend. ![file] , 
 Retracted [19 July 2021] . ---------------------------------------------- The above article, published online on 13 August 2018 in Wiley Online Library has been retracted by agreement between the journal s Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on allegations raised by a third party. A detailed investigation revealed that several image elements of the experimental data were published elsewhere in a different scientific context. Thus, the editors consider the conclusions of this article to be invalid. ,