Cerebral and Muscle Oxygenation during Repeated Shuttle Run Sprints with Hypoventilation
Authors: Gregoire P Millet
Aurelien Pichon
Xavier Woorons
Olivier Dupuy
Patrick Mucci
Journal: International Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: Jiu-Jitsu fighters; repeated-sprint sessions; voluntary hypoventilation; muscle oxygenation; cerebral oxygenation
Affiliations: Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, EA 7369 – URePSSS – Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France, Université de Poitiers. Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Laboratoire Move, EA 6314, Poitiers, France, ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Building Synathlon, Campus Dorigny 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Abstract:  Ten highly-trained Jiu-Jitsu fighters performed 2 repeated-sprint sessions, each including 2 sets of 8 x ~6 s back-and-forth running sprints on a tatami. One session was carried out with normal breathing (RSN) and the other with voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volume (RSH-VHL). Prefrontal and vastus lateralis muscle oxyhemoglobin ([O2Hb]) and deoxyhemoglobin ([HHb]) were monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), gas exchange and maximal blood lactate concentration ([La]max) were also assessed. SpO2 was significantly lower in RSH-VHL than in RSN whereas there was no difference in HR. Muscle oxygenation was not different between conditions during the entire exercise. On the other hand, in RSH-VHL, cerebral oxygenation was significantly lower than in RSN (-6.1±5.4 vs-1.5±6.6 µm). Oxygen uptake was also higher during the recovery periods whereas [La]max tended to be lower in RSH-VHL. The time of the sprints was not different between conditions. This study shows that repeated shuttle-run sprints with VHL has a limited impact on muscle deoxygenation but induces a greater fall in cerebral oxygenation compared with normal breathing conditions. Despite this phenomenon, performance is not impaired, probably because of a higher oxygen uptake during the recovery periods following sprints. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 The study is described as a prospective research in humans, performed in France: The study has been performed on healthy volunteers, biologic samples and medical parameters were collected. The measurement list are provided here: - Gas exchange - Heart rate - Arterial oxygen saturation - Near-infrared spectroscopy - a blood sample to measure the blood lactate concentration As a consequence, It is definitely a prospective research in human (RIPH) with regards of the french law. In France, all RIPHs (whatever the level) require the approval from a CPP before to start the recruitment of participants. Starting a prospective research in humans in France without a CPP is a serious breach to the Health French Law. The ethic statement of this study is described as follows: * They gave their written informed consent to participate in this study, which was approved by the Ethics Committee for the Research in Sports Science (CERSTAPS) and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki (2008). Furthermore, the present study meets the ethical standards of the International Journal of Sports Medicine * The CERSTAPS is not a Comitu00e9 de Protection des Personnes (CPP). As mentioned on the [CERSTAPS website] itself, a prospective research in humans in France MUST obtain an approval from a CPP before to start. The ethics statement do not provide any information related to a CPP approval. Can the authors clarify: - If they obtain a CPP approval before to start the recruitment? - If they request a CPP approval? In this case, what was the answer of the CPP ? If a CPP provides a waiver for the approval, the article should mention it and detail the waiver in order to raise any question on ethics procedure. However, if the CPP approval or a waiver from a CPP has not been obtained, this is a major infringement to the Health French Law and the Declaration of Helsinki (article 23). In this case. ,