The Parenteral Vitamin C Improves Sepsis and Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome via Preventing Cellular Immunosuppression
Authors: Bin Lu
Song-Tao Shou
Yan-Cun Liu
Yan-Fen Chai
Hai-Xia Qi
Jian-Hua Zhai
Ying Yao
Yu-Lei Gao
Journal: Mediators of Inflammation (2017)
Discipline: IMMUNOLOGY
Keywords: Cellular immunosuppression; sepsis; multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS); parenteral vitamin C (Vit C); CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs)
Affiliations: Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.

Abstract:  Cellular immunosuppression appears to be involved in sepsis and sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Recent evidence showed that parenteral vitamin C (Vit C) had the ability to attenuate sepsis and sepsis-induced MODS. Herein, we investigated the impact of parenteral Vit C on cellular immunosuppression and the therapeutic value in sepsis. Using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), sepsis was induced in WT and Gulo-/- mice followed with 200 mg/Kg parenteral Vit C administration. The immunologic functions of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD4+CD25- T cells, as well as the organ functions, were determined. Administration of parenteral Vit C per se markedly improved the outcome of sepsis and sepsis-induced MODS of WT and Gulo-/- mice. The negative immunoregulation of Tregs was inhibited, mainly including inhibiting the expression of forkhead helix transcription factor- (Foxp-) 3, cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen- (CTLA-) 4, membrane associated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-βm+), and the secretion of inhibitory cytokines [including TGF-β and interleukin- (IL-) 10], as well as CD4+ T cells-mediated cellular immunosuppression which was improved by parenteral Vit C in WT and Gulo-/- septic mice. These results suggested that parenteral Vit C has the ability to improve the outcome of sepsis and sepsis-induced MODS and is associated with improvement in cellular immunosuppression. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
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 2020 retraction. https: www.hindawi.com journals mi 2020 8462563 Retraction | Open Access Volume 2020 |Article ID 8462563 | https: doi.org 10.1155 2020 8462563 Show citation Retracted: The Parenteral Vitamin C Improves Sepsis and Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome via Preventing Cellular Immunosuppression Mediators of Inflammation Received 04 Jul 2020 Accepted 14 Jul 2020 Published 04 Sep 2020 Mediators of Inflammation has retracted the article titled u201cThe Parenteral Vitamin C Improves Sepsis and Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome via Preventing Cellular Immunosuppressionu201d [1] due to figure duplication between articles by the same authors. Figure duplication concerns were raised to our attention and then noted on PubPeer [2]. A reassessment of the article concluded that a number of panels in Figure 2(g) of [1] were duplicates of panels in Figure 1 of [3]. Duplications were also identified in another article [4], where the fourth panel of Figure 5(e) in [1] duplicates the third panel of Figure 8(b) in [4]. The authors did not provide a satisfactory response and the article is therefore being retracted with the agreement of the Chief Editor. The authors do not agree to the retraction. References Y.-L. Gao, B. Lu, J.-H. Zhai et al., u201cThe Parenteral Vitamin C Improves Sepsis and Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome via Preventing Cellular Immunosuppression,u201d Mediators of Inflammation, vol. 2017, 12 pages, 2017. PubPeer, 2018, https: pubpeer.com publications 5EB78957D481A43893D38764FB3118. Y.-L. Gao, Y.-F. Chai, A.-L. Qi et al., u201cNeuropilin-1highCD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Exhibit Primary Negative Immunoregulation in Sepsis,u201d Mediators of Inflammation, vol. 2016, Article ID 7132158, 11 pages, 2016. Y.-L. Gao, M.-M. Yu, S.-T. Shou et al., u201cTuftsin prevents the negative immunoregulation of neuropilin-1highCD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and improves survival rate in septic mice,u201d Oncotarget, vol. 7, no. 49, pp. 81791u201381805, 2016. ,