Antitumor effects obtained by autologous Lewis lung cancer cell vaccine engineered to secrete mouse interleukin 27 by means of cationic liposome
Authors: Xiaomei Zhang
Fen Xu
Tao Du
Yu Liu
Lin Cheng
Jie Deng
Yiming Li
Shuang Zhang
Xiaolei Chen
Yuquan Wei
Hongxin Deng
Ruibo Wang
Junfeng Zhang
Lei Dai
Hongwei Tian
Yang Yang
Can Li
Gang Shi
Journal: Molecular Immunology (2013)
Discipline: IMMUNOLOGY
Keywords: Interleukin-27; IL-27; Th1 responses; immune-regulatory functions; cytotoxic T lymphocyte
Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.

Abstract:  Interleukin-27 (IL-27), a novel IL-6/IL-12 family cytokine, plays an important role in the early regulation of Th1 responses. The cytokine IL-27 can exert a variety of immune-regulatory functions including cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes activation and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. In this study, we developed an effective and gene modified tumor cell vaccine. Lewis lung cancer cell LL/2 transfected with the DOTAP:cholesterol cationic liposome could express the mouse IL-27 (mIL-27) gene at a relative high level. The resultant transfectants were then irradiated with X-ray and used as a tumor cell vaccine. This tumor cell vaccine not only contained tumor associated antigen (TAA) of LL/2 cells but also secreted mIL-27 which could induce immune response in mice. The mice vaccinated with LL/2-mIL-27 performed strong tumor inhibiting effect accompanied with a high IFN-γ production. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly elevated in these mice vaccinated with LL/2-mIL-27 cell vaccine. Moreover, after depletion of CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes by injection of antibodies against CD4 and CD8, the vaccinated mice inoculated with autologous LL/2 cells were not protected from tumor challenge. In contrast, vaccinated mice inoculated with autologous LL/2 cells were treated with antibody against natural killer (NK)cells or normal rat IgG still possessed strong antitumor activity. Our data suggested that DOTAP:cholesterol cationic liposome was quite useful in generating an autologous tumor cell vaccine and mIL-27 could be therapeutically used to potentiate the host antitumor immunity. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Some pictures in Fig 6D of this paper was copied from the another paper from the same group (Cellular immunotherapy using irradiated lung cancer cell vaccine co-expressing GM-CSF and IL-18 can induce significant antitumor effects) ![file] , 
 Fig 6D has duplicates. Please make comments. Thanks! ![image] , 
 Dear Dr. Anisognathus Melanogenys , Thank you very much for pointing out the mistakes of Figure 6D in our published work. We have carefully investigated our raw data and found that the error was inadvertently made during the preparation of the manuscript. We will contact the journal editorial office as soon as possible to correct the error. Thank you again for helping us find and correct the mistakes. Sincerely yours Zhang Junfeng , 
 #3 I do not see that a correction has been published. The authors please provide an update? Also there appears to be a second set of images which overlap in Figure 6D. *** ![file] , 
 #3 #4 Dear Doctorsuff0c Thank you very much for pointing out the mistakes of Figure 6D in our published work. We have carefully investigated our raw data and these mistakes was found together. We sent the errata to the magazine for an inquest two months ago and we are currently waiting for the errata. Thank you again for helping us find and correct the mistakes. Sincerely yours Zhang Junfeng , 
 Corrigendum January 2022  The authors regret for the incorrect Figure 6D. In Fig. 6D, Immunofluorescence staining of NK cells in tumor is shown. However, the staining picture of mIL-27 was inadvertently duplicated from the LL 2 group was shown, which is an inadvertent mistake. After checking the original data, the figure should be changed in mIL-27 group. Immunofluorescence staining of CD8 T lymphocyte in LL 2(irradiation) group appears to be dragged and distorted which should be changed. Thus, the original figure should be replaced as shown here. The correct version of Figure 6 appears below: ![file] The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. , 
 Unfortunately, after comparing the two corrected figures, it appears that these two figures may still have overlapping images. The recordkeeping techniques seemingly on display here do not leave this reader with confidence that the results have not been affected. I will alert both journals again. *** ![file] ,