Indocyanine Green-Based Theranostic Nanoplatform for NIR Fluorescence Image-Guided Chemo/Photothermal Therapy of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Nuernisha Alifu
Youqiang Heng
Jing Wang
Cailing Ma
Xueliang Zhang
Lijun Zhu
Shuang Chen
Rong Ma
Zhong Du
Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine (2021)
Discipline: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Keywords: cervical cancer; chemo/photothermal therapy; indocyanine green; nanoparticles; near-infrared fluorescence imaging.
Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia/Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China., State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China.

Abstract:  Purpose: Indocyanine green (ICG) is a favorable fluorescence nanoprobe for its strong NIR-I fluorescence emission and good photothermal capabilities. However, the stability and tumor targeting ability of ICG is poor, which limits its further applications. To further improve the photothermal and therapeutic efficiency of ICG, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was utilized to encapsulate the ICG and the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded to form the BSA@ICG-DOX theranostic nanoplatform. Methods: In this study, ICG-loaded BSA nanoparticles (NPs) and the BSA@ICG-DOX NPs were fabricated using reprecipitation methods. Next, the tumour inhibition ability and biocompatibility of the NPs were evaluated. A subcutaneous xenografted nude mice model was established and imaging guided synergetic therapy was performed with the assistance of BSA@ICG-DOX NPs under 808 nm laser irradiation. Results: The BSA@ICG NPs exhibited strong NIR-I fluorescence emission, excellent photothermal properties, biocompatibility, and tumor targeting ability. To further improve the therapeutic efficiency, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into the BSA@ICG NPs to form the BSA@ICG-DOX theranostic nanoplatform. The BSA@ICG-DOX NPs were spherical with an average size of ~194.7 nm. The NPs had high encapsulation efficiency (DOX: 19.96% and ICG: 60.57%), and drug loading content (DOX: 0.95% and ICG: 3.03%). Next, excellent NIR-I fluorescence and low toxicity of the BSA@ICG-DOX NPs were verified. Targeted NIR-I fluorescence images were obtained after intravenous injection of the NPs into the subcutaneous cervical tumors of the mice. Conclusion: To improve the anti-tumor efficiency of the ICG@BSA NPs, the chemotherapeutic drug DOX was loaded into the BSA@ICG NPs. The NIR excitation/emission and targeted BSA@ICG-DOX NPs enables high-performance diagnosis and chemo/photothermal therapy of subcutaneous cervical tumors, providing a promising approach for further biomedical applications. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Retraction Statement: https: www.cellphysiolbiochem.com Articles 000268 PDF 000268.pdf For the following article Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV, entitled u201cLOX-1-Mediated Effects on Vascular Cells in Atherosclerosisu201d [Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38(5):1851-1859, DOI:10.1159 000443123] retraction has been requested by the University of New South Wales, Australia on the basis that following a research misconduct inquiry, the above mentioned article contains plagiarised work. The authors of this paper accept the retraction and express their regrets. Cell Physiol Biochem follows this recommendation and hereby formally retracts the above mentioned article. , 
 #1 The Retraction [has been retracted] .  The editors of Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry are hereby publishing a correction concerning the following retracted paper:  Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV, entitled u201cLOX-1-Mediated Effects on Vascular Cells in Atherosclerosisu201d [Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38(5):1851-1859, DOI:10.1159 000443123].  After gaining considerable new information, the editors have decided that this paper and its results and conclusions continue to be valid. ,