Long noncoding RNA TUG1 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in multiple myeloma by inhibiting miR-29b-3p
Authors: Jianfeng Wang
Dahai Liu
Meihan Liu
Journal: Bioscience Reports (2019)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: HDAC4; TUG1; miR-29b-3p; multiple myeloma.
Affiliations: Department of Lymph and Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, PR China., Department of Radiotherapy, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, PR China  ., Department of Ultrasonography, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, PR China  .

Abstract:  Background: Long non-coding RNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) was reportedly involved in initiation and development of several cancers. However, its function and molecular mechanisms in multiple myeloma (MM) are still unclear. The present study aimed to determine the expression status, biological function, and potential mechanisms of TUG1 in the progression of MM.Materials and methods: The expression levels of TUG1 were examined in MM samples and cell lines by real-time quantitative PCR. The effects of TUG1 on MM cells proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry respectively. MiRNAs-targeted sites in TUG1 were screened by Starbase2.0 and were identified by RNA immunoprecipitation assay combined with luciferase reporter assay.Results: The expression levels of TUG1 were markedly increased in MM samples and cell lines. Knockdown of TUG1 significantly suppressed the proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest at G1/G0 phase, and promoted apoptosis of MM cells. In exploring the regulatory mechanism, miR-29b-3p was confirmed to be a direct target of TUG1, and repression of miR-29b-3p could partially rescue the effect TUG1 knockdown on MM cell proliferation, cycle, and apoptosis. In addition, TUG1 positively modulated histone deacetylases 4 (HDAC4, a target of miR-29b-3p) expression through sponging of miR-29b-3p in MM cells.Conclusion: These findings suggested that TUG1 exerted an oncogenic role in MM by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-29b-3p, and implied the potential application of TUG1 in treatment for MM. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Fig 2C.  Cell... cycle arrest ... determined in NCI-H929 cells transfected with si-TUG1 or si-NC. ![file] Could the authors comment on the appearance of the same results in three earlier papers? ![] *[left]* Fig 2C from [Yang et al (2018)] .  Flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle arrest in SKOV3 cells transfected with si-PVT1 or si-Ctrl . *[middle]* Fig 2D from [Xu et al (2016)] .  Cell cycle arrest was determined in MCF7 cells transfected with miR-154 mimic or miR-Ctrl by flow cytometer assay . *[right]* Fig 2C from [Liu et al (2017)] . Cell  cycle distribution ... determined in TPC-1 cells transfected with miR-363 mimic or miR-NC. , 
 Retracted [21 June 2021] . ------------------------------------------ This article is being retracted from *Bioscience Reports* at the request of the authors following receipt of a notification from a reader, alerting the authors to the duplication of Figure 2C, which appears in serval other publications by different authors. The authors wish to retract the article. The Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Board agree with the Retraction. , 
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