Long non-coding RNA SNHG14 contributes to gastric cancer development through targeting miR-145/SOX9 axis
Authors: Zhao Liu
Yan Yan
Sizhe Cao
Yi Chen
Journal: Journal of cellular biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway; SNHG14; SOX9; gastric cancer; long non-coding RNA
Affiliations: Department of Surgery, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an TB&Thoracic Tumor Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China., Institute of Cancer Research, School of Basic Medical Science of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Department of Medicine, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an TB&Thoracic Tumor Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, China., Department of General Surgery, The Changan District Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, China.

Abstract:  This study aimed to elucidate the roles of long non-coding RNA SNHG14 in gastric cancer development. LncRNA SNHG14 was markedly up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of SNHG14 significantly inhibited SGC-7901 cell viability, migration, invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-145 was negatively regulated by SNHG14 and the effects of SNHG14 knockdown on cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and EMT-markers were reversed by inhibition of miR-145 at the same time. Furthermore, SOX9 was verified as a functional target of miR-145, and miR-145 regulated tumor malignant behaviors through regulating SOX9. Besides, knockdown of SNHG14 inhibited the expression of p-PI3 K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR and promoted PTEN expression, where miR-145 inhibition had opposite effects. Moreover, the activated PI3 K/AKT/mTOR pathway caused by miR-145 inhibition was counteracted after knockdown of SOX9. Our findings indicate that up-regulation of lncRNA SNHG14 may contribute to gastric cancer development via targeting miR-145/SOX9 axis and involving in PI3 K/AKT/mTOR pathway. SNHG14-miR-145/SOX9 axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer treatment. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Fig 2,  D and E, Transwell assays showed SGC-7901 cell migration and invasion after different transfection . ![file] Fig 3,  G and H, Transwell assays showed SGC-7901 cell migration and invasion after different transfections. ![file] Fig 5,  D and E, Transwell assays showed SGC-7901 cell migration and invasion after different transfections . ![file] I have not tried to identify **all** the repeating graphic elements in these photoshopped pastiches. Just enough for the reader to share my amazement that peer-reviewers apparently looked at these images and thought  Yes, that s exactly what migration invasion assays should look like! , 
 For further exercises in this artistic style from the same studio see [Yin et al (2018)] , [Zhang et al (2019)] , [Zhuang. Liu Wu (2019)] , [Kong et al (2019)] , [Shao et al. (2018)] . , 
 This paper belongs to a set of over 400 papers (as per February 2020) that share very similar Western blots with tadpole-like shaped bands, the same background pattern, and striking similarities in title structures, paper layout, bar graph design, and - in a subset - flow cytometry panels. Despite these similarities, these papers are authored by researchers from different departments and institutes, with almost no overlap in authors. The list of these papers is available here: https: docs.google.com spreadsheets d 1KXqTAyl4j-jVorFPMD2XRpr76LcIKJ0CVyIvRj0exYQ edit?usp=sharing A more detailed description of this set of papers, suspected to all be generated by a common source, a paper mill , can be found here: * https: forbetterscience.com 2020 01 24 the-full-service-paper-mill-and-its-chinese-customers (January 2020) * https: scienceintegritydigest.com 2020 02 21 the-tadpole-paper-mill (February 2020) The same paper mill has been described in these papers: * Jana Christopher - Systematic fabrication of scientific images revealed - FEBS Letters (2018) - https: febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com doi full 10.1002 1873-3468.13201 * Jennifer A Byrne and Jana Christopher - Digital magic, or the dark arts of the 21st centuryu2014how can journals and peer reviewers detect manuscripts and publications from paper mills? - FEBS Letters (2020) - https: febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com doi full 10.1002 1873-3468.13747 , 
 Retracted [23 September 2020] . ------------------------------------------------------- u201cLong noncoding RNA SNHG14 contributes to gastric cancer development through targeting miRu2010145 SOX9 axis,u201d by Zhao Liu, Yan Yan, Sizhe Cao, Yi Chen, J Cell Biochem. 2018; 6905u20106913: The above article, published online on 18 April 2018 in Wiley Online Library , has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal s Editoru2010inu2010Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on allegations raised by a third party. Raw data could not be provided and thus the validity of the overall results could not be confirmed. The authors also admit several flaws in the presented Transwell Assays. ,