<p>microRNA-605 inhibits the oncogenicity of non-small-cell lung cancer by directly targeting Forkhead Box P1</p>
Authors: Ruichao Li
Wei Zhou
Journal: OncoTargets and Therapy (2019)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: Forkhead Box P1; apoptosis; metastasis; microRNA-605; non-small-cell lung cancer
Affiliations: Department of Pneumology, Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, People's Republic of China., Department of Gerontology, Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.

Abstract:  Background and aims: microRNA-605 (miR-605) is dysregulated in multiple cancers and plays crucial roles in regulating cancer progression. However, little is known about the expression pattern and detailed roles of miR-605 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, in this study, we evaluated miR-605 expression in NSCLC along with its clinical significance. More importantly, the detailed roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-605 in NSCLC were explored. Material and methods: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to detect miR-605 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. A series of experiments were performed to determine the effects of miR-605 upregulation on NSCLC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the downstream regulatory mechanisms of miR-605 action in NSCLC cells were explored. Results: Decreased expression of miR-605 was frequently detected in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Low expression of miR-605 was significantly correlated with the tumor size, TNM stage, and distane metastasis in NSCLC patients. Exogenous miR-605 expression inhibited proliferation, increased apoptosis, and inhibited metastasis of NSCLC cells in vitro. Additionally, miR-605 overexpression hindered the growth of NSCLC cells in vivo. Furthermore, Forkhead Box P1 (FOXP1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR-605 in NSCLC cells. Moreover, FOXP1 was highly expressed in NSCLC cells and showed an inverse correlation with miR-605 expression levels. Besides, silencing of FOXP1 simulated roles similar to miR-605 upregulation in NSCLC cells. FOXP1 reintroduction partially abolished the anticancer effects of miR-605 in NSCLC cells. Conclusion: Our results revealed that miR-605 inhibited the oncogenicity of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo by directly targeting FOXP1, suggesting the importance of the miR-605/FOXP1 pathway in the malignant development of NSCLC. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Figs 2C, 4C, 5C.  The percentage of apoptotic H460 and H522 cells with indicated treatments was evaluated by cell apoptosis assay ;  cell apoptosis assays were conducted to examine the effects of FOXP1 silencing on NSCLC ... apoptosis ;  apoptosis... of above mentioned cells was determined through ... cell apoptosis . ![file] The orange box marks a panel that also appears in Figs 2D,6D of [Lv, Wang Ma (2019)] . ![file] ![file] Black box marks a panel that also appears in Figs 2D, 5D, 6D of [Liu et al (2019)] . ![] ![] There may be matches with other panels, or with other papers in this oeuvre. https: docs.google.com spreadsheets d 1X401JM6CcpTSkbKsPsOl20pRKQ-ns1S_J5pTwtBjqPw edit?usp=sharing , 
 Please admire this montage of xenograft tumor images. Green, red, orange, blue boxes mark various pairs that appear to be the same tumors, rotated slightly and viewed from different angles. ![file] Upper row: - Fig 8A from [Dou et al (2020)] . A representative image of tumor xenografts from groups u201csi-FOXD2-AS1u201d and u201csi-NC.u201d Rotated through 90 deg to facilitate comparison. - Fig 8B from [Wang et al (2019)] .  Representative images of tumor xenografts excised from nude mice obtained 4 weeks after subcutaneous injection of Y79 cells transfected with miR-665 mimics or miR-NC. - Fig 7B from [Jiao, Liu Tian (2019)] .  Photograph of tumor xenograft derived from the nude mice injected with miR-493 mimics or miR-NC-transfected Tca8113 cells. Lower row: - Fig 7A from [Ren et al (2019)] .  Representative images of the [HOS] tumor xenografts in miR-758 mimics and miR-NC groups. - **Fig 6A from [Zhou Li (2019)] **.  Photographs of tumor xenografts were obtained from nude mice that were injected with miR-605 mimics or miR-NC transfected H460 cells . Rotated through 90 deg. - Fig 8B from [Yang et al (2019)] .  Photographs of [U251] tumor xenografts from the agomiR-652 and agomiR-NC groups. Rotated through 90 deg. , 
 Retracted [28 September 2021] . -------------------------------------------- The Editor and Publisher of OncoTargets and Therapy wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised over alleged image duplication in Figures 4C, 5C and 6A with similar images from unrelated articles, specifically: - Figure 4C, panel H460 si-NC appears to have been duplicated with a similar image in Figure 6D from Lv et al, 2019 . - Figure 5C, panel H522 miR-NC appears to have been duplicated with a similar image in Figure 5D from Liu et al, 2019 . - Figure 6A, appears to have been duplicated with similar images in Figure 7A from Ren et al, 2019 (www.ajcr.us ISSN:2156-6976 ajcr0088433). The authors did not respond to our queries and the Editor determined the findings of the study were no longer valid and advised for the article to be retracted. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retraction. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u201cRetractedu201d. , 
 At the risk of incurring the wrath of the Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Dead Horses: *[upper left]* Fig 5C from  MicroRNAu2011432 is downregulated in osteosarcoma and inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by directly targeting metastasisu2011associated in colon canceru20111 ([Lv et al 2018] ). *[upper right]* Fig 5D from  MicroRNAu2011466 inhibits the aggressive behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma by directly targeting metadherin ([Jia et al 2018] ). *[middle]* Fig 4D from Jia et al (2018). *[lower left]* Fig 5C from  MicroRNA-212 Targets Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 to Inhibit Proliferation and Invasion of Prostate Cancer Cells ([Hu et al 2018] ). *[lower right]* the present **Fig 5E**. ![] ,