MicroRNA-93 regulates the neurological function, cerebral edema and neuronal apoptosis of rats with intracerebral hemorrhage through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Shujuan Dai
Yajun Shang
Xiaolei Liu
Xinjie Chen
Wei Wen
Journal: Cell Cycle (2019)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage; MicroRNA-93; TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Affiliations: Neurosurgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR. China, Neurology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR. China

Abstract:  In recent years, many studies have unraveled the impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study aims to explore the role of miR-93 in modulating neurological function, cerebral edema and neuronal apoptosis of rats with ICH by regulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. ICH models were constructed using Ⅶ collagenase method. The successfully modeled rats were injected with miR-93 antagomir, TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activator or inhibitor together with their controls. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of human aquaporin 4 (AQP-4), Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins was also measured. MiR-93, TLR4 and NF-κB were all highly expressed in ICH, reduced miR-93 and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway could improve neurological function and suppress inflammation in ICH rats. Moreover, down-regulated miR-93 and suppressed TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway were able to attenuate cerebral edema and abate pathological lesion. We have also found in this research that miR-93 knockdown as well as inhibited TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway could relieve neuronal apoptosis in ICH rats. This study suggests that reduced miR-93 alleviates the neurological function and cerebral edema as well as repressed neuronal apoptosis of ICH rats via the inhibited activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Another train wreck of an article. No comments needed. This type of research is not creating new knowledge, it only contributes to confusion and prevent development. Cell cycle is full of it. ![file] ![file] ![file] , 
 I have marked another overlap between panels in Figure 4. ![file] One of the overlaps (orange rectangles) is only partial, with a cell in the upper right corner of one orange rectangle that is absent from the other. I have marked a few other repeated visual elements. , 
 #1 I have nothing to add to Indigofera Tanganyikensis deconstruction of Fig 5a, but Fig 5b deserves its own exegesis. ![file] , 
 Retracted, [22 April 2022] . --------------------------- We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Cell Cycle, have retracted the following article: Yajun Shang, Shujuan Dai, Xinjie Chen, Wei Wen, and Xiaolei. MicroRNA-93 regulates the neurological function, cerebral edema and neuronal apoptosis of rats with intracerebral hemorrhage through TLR4 NF-u03baB signaling pathway. Cell Cycle. 2019;18(22):3160-3176. doi: 10.1080 15384101.2019.1670509 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article. When approached for an explanation, the authors checked their data and confirmed there are fundamental errors present. Therefore, they have agreed to the retraction of this article. The authors apologise for this oversight. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u2018Retractedu2019. ,