A Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Expressing S Protein of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) Protects Chickens against IBV and NDV
Authors: Anandan Paldurai
Edris Shirvani
Vinoth K Manoharan
Siba K Samal
Berin P Varghese
Journal: Scientific Reports (2018)
Discipline: Multidisciplinary
Keywords: Infectious bronchitis virus; IBV; poultry industry; live-attenuated vaccines; variant viruses
Affiliations: Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA., Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. .

Abstract:  Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a highly contagious respiratory, reproductive and urogenital tract disease in chickens worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. Currently, live-attenuated IBV vaccines are used to control the disease. However, safety, attenuation and immunization outcomes of current vaccines are not guaranteed. Several studies indicate that attenuated IBV vaccine strains contribute to the emergence of variant viruses in the field due to mutations and recombination. Therefore, there is a need to develop a stable and safe IBV vaccine that will not create variant viruses. In this study, we generated recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (rNDVs) expressing the S1, S2 and S proteins of IBV using reverse genetics technology. Our results showed that the rNDV expressing the S protein of IBV provided better protection than the rNDV expressing S1 or S2 protein of IBV, indicating that the S protein is the best protective antigen of IBV. Immunization of 4-week-old SPF chickens with the rNDV expressing S protein elicited IBV-specific neutralizing antibodies and provided complete protection against virulent IBV and virulent NDV challenges. These results suggest that the rNDV expressing the S protein of IBV is a safe and effective bivalent vaccine candidate for both IBV and NDV. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
  Correction to: Scientific Reports https: doi.org 10.1038 s41598-018-30356-2, published online 10 August 2018 This Article contains errors in the Methods under subheading u2018IBV protection experiment 2u2019. u201cA total of twenty 4-week-old SPF chickens were divided into four groups of five each. Five chickens of groups one and two were inoculated with 107 EID50 of rNDV and rNDV codon optimized-S, respectively, via oculanasal route. Five chickens of group three were inoculated with 10 recommended doses of a commercial live attenuated Mass-type IBV vaccine via oculanasal route and chickens of group four were inoculated with PBS.u201d should read: u201cA total of fifteen 4-week-old SPF chickens were divided into three groups of five each. Five chickens of groups one and two were inoculated with 107 EID50 of rNDV codon optimized-S and 10 recommended doses of a commercial live attenuated Mass-type IBV vaccine via oculanasal route, respectively. Chickens of group three were inoculated with PBS. Samples collected from five non-vaccinated SPF chickens involved in another IBV protection study also were used as control.u201d Furthermore, within the Methods under subheading u2018Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)u2019 u201cForty cycles of PCR at 95u2009u00b0C for 10u2009s (denaturation), 58u2009u00b0C for 20u2009s (annealing), and 72u2009u00b0C for 30u2009s (elongation) followed by melting curve analysis that consisted of 95u2009u00b0C for 5u2009s and 65u2009u00b0C for 60u2009s.u201d should read: u201cThe thermal conditions of 50u2009u00b0C for 10u2009min and 95u2009u00b0C for 10u2009min, then forty-five cycles of PCR at 95u2009u00b0C for 10u2009s (denaturation), 58u2009u00b0C for 20u2009s (annealing) followed by 95u2009u00b0C for 5u2009s and melting curve analysis that consisted of 65u2009u00b0C to 95u2009u00b0C for 5u2009s was carried out to amplify the 150u2009nt u2013 N gene fragments.u201d ,