Treadmill training increases SIRT-1 and PGC-1 α protein levels and AMPK phosphorylation in quadriceps of middle-aged rats in an intensity-dependent manner
Authors: Ricardo A Pinho
José R Pauli
Cláudio T De Souza
Emilio L Streck
Leandro P Moura
Adelino S R Silva
Scherolin O Marques
Fabio S Lira
Eduardo R Ropelle
Erico Caperuto
Bruno L S Pieri
Nara R C Oliveira
Julia Engelmann
Gisele Scaini
Thais F Luciano
Journal: Mediators of Inflammation (2014)
Discipline: IMMUNOLOGY
Keywords: running; inflammatory proteins; metabolic proteins; treadmill training; age-related
Affiliations: Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Health Sciences Unit, Extremo Sul Catarinense University (UNESC), 88806-000 Criciuma, SC, Brazil, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-872 Limeira, SP, Brazil, Post Graduation Program in Motricity Science, Instituto de Biociências, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil, Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University, 03166-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 19060-900 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil, School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo University (USP), 14040-907 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

Abstract:  The present study investigated the effects of running at 0.8 or 1.2 km/h on inflammatory proteins (i.e., protein levels of TNF- α , IL-1 β , and NF- κ B) and metabolic proteins (i.e., protein levels of SIRT-1 and PGC-1 α , and AMPK phosphorylation) in quadriceps of rats. Male Wistar rats at 3 (young) and 18 months (middle-aged rats) of age were divided into nonexercised (NE) and exercised at 0.8 or 1.2 km/h. The rats were trained on treadmill, 50 min per day, 5 days per week, during 8 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, muscles were removed, homogenized, and analyzed using biochemical and western blot techniques. Our results showed that: (a) running at 0.8 km/h decreased the inflammatory proteins and increased the metabolic proteins compared with NE rats; (b) these responses were lower for the inflammatory proteins and higher for the metabolic proteins in young rats compared with middle-aged rats; (c) running at 1.2 km/h decreased the inflammatory proteins and increased the metabolic proteins compared with 0.8 km/h; (d) these responses were similar between young and middle-aged rats when trained at 1.2 km. In summary, the age-related increases in inflammatory proteins, and the age-related declines in metabolic proteins can be reversed and largely improved by treadmill training. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 This article has been retracted , 
 Retraction notice: Mediators of Inflammation has retracted the article titled u201cTreadmill Training Increases SIRT-1 and PGC-1u03b1 Protein Levels and AMPK Phosphorylation in Quadriceps of Middle-Aged Rats in an Intensity-Dependent Manneru201d [1] **due to unintentional reuse of a previously published image**. After a concern was raised to them by a reader, the authors contacted the journal to replace the anti-ACC blot in Figure (b), providing the original figure. The journal found that the published blot in Figure (b) was similar in other articles [2u20139]. Due to this, the journal reassessed the other figures and found that, for the u03b2-actin bands in Figure (c), lanes 3 and 4 are similar to lanes 5 and 6, respectively. Although the authors provided the journal with the underlying blots for all the figures, the journal and authors decided to retract the manuscript. The replacement blot for Figure (b) and the underlying blots for all figures are available in the Supplementary Materials. The authors stated that the representative loading control bands in Figures (c) and (b) were improperly assembled, leading to repetitions of bands, and that these errors do not affect the results, once several papers have demonstrated that exercise does not change both, ACC [10, 11] and actin [12u201314] protein content, in the skeletal muscle of rodents. In light of the figure preparation issues, the authors sincerely apologize to the scientific community for any misunderstanding that these errors may have caused. ,