Synthesis and characterization of osteoinductive visible light‐activated adhesive composites with antimicrobial properties
Authors: Ehsan Shirzaei Sani
Seyed Hossein Bassir
Amirhossein Moghanian
Hailey Konisky
Roberto Portillo-Lara
Nasim Annabi
Journal: Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (2020)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: antimicrobial; bioactive glass; bioadhesive; bone tissue engineering; orthopedic biomaterials
Affiliations: Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA., Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA., Department of Materials Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern University Boston MA USA, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA., Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Abstract:  Orthopedic surgical procedures based on the use of conventional biological graft tissues are often associated with serious post-operative complications such as immune rejection, bacterial infection, and poor osseointegration. Bioresorbable bone graft substitutes have emerged as attractive alternatives to conventional strategies because they can mimic the composition and mechanical properties of the native bone. Among these, bioactive glasses (BGs) hold great potential to be used as biomaterials for bone tissue engineering owing to their biomimetic composition and high biocompatibility and osteoinductivity. Here, we report the development of a novel composite biomaterial for bone tissue engineering based on the incorporation of a modified strontium- and lithium-doped 58S BG (i.e., BG-5/5) into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels. We characterized the physicochemical properties of the BG formulation via different analytical techniques. Composite hydrogels were then prepared by directly adding BG-5/5 to the GelMA hydrogel precursor, followed by photocrosslinking of the polymeric network via visible light. We characterized the physical, mechanical, and adhesive properties of GelMA/BG-5/5 composites, as well as their in vitro cytocompatibility and osteoinductivity. In addition, we evaluated the antimicrobial properties of these composites in vitro, using a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. GelMA/BG-5/5 composites combined the functional characteristics of the inorganic BG component, with the biocompatibility, biodegradability, and biomimetic composition of the hydrogel network. This novel biomaterial could be used for developing osteoinductive scaffolds or implant surface coatings with intrinsic antimicrobial properties and higher therapeutic efficacy. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 This paper shares lots of images with another paper published about a year before! Most interestingly, all of the glass compositions seem to be different (between the two papers), yet somehow, Live Dead stain images and Actin DAPI images appear to be the same!! ![file] , 
 This paper gets more interesting.. the images presented in Figure 4, in fact, overlap with at least (at least!!) four other papers, representing various (various!!) different (very different) glass compositions, and time-points. The initial list goes: Figure 6 in: ![file] Figure 10 in: ![file] Figure 7 in: ![file] Figure 6 in: ![file] In some of these re-used images, features have even been added in.. (marked with a Red circle and Blue arrow). , 
 Thank you for bringing this to our attention. The cytotoxicity data in the article published in 2020 is the original data (obtained in 2016), but due to relocation and a long review process it is published in 2020. unfortunately same data was used by an author in three other articles without our knowledge. The other 3 articles that we found are: https: doi.org 10.1016 j.ceramint.2018.02.159 https: doi.org 10.1016 j.msec.2018.05.058 http: dx.doi.org 10.1016 j.ceramint.2017.06.174 To my knowledge the corresponding author of 2020 article has already contacted the journal. Please feel free to contact the first- or corresponding author in the other articles for more clarification. Thank you. ,