Retracted: LncRNA XIST functions as a molecular sponge of miR‐194‐5p to regulate MAPK1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cell
Authors: Qinglei Kong
Yi Jin
Caiqian Liang
Jie Qin
Ying Zhang
Qingcong Kong
Shaoquan Zhang
Shuxian Chen
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: MAPK1; hepatocellular carcinoma; long non-coding RNA; miR-194-5p.
Affiliations: Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China., Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China., Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China., Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China., Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract:  Increasing evidence highlights the important role of XIST, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), in the regulation of multiple cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of XIST in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains to be explored. Herein, intended to investigate the functional role of XIST in HCC initiation and progression. We first detected that XIST was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and associated with tumor size and vascular invasion. Gain- and loss-of-function of XIST further presented that XIST promoted the progression of HCC cells, including proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, silencing of XIST could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. We also found that XIST could target miR-194-5p and thus decrease miR-194-5p expression. Besides that, restoring XIST could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-194-5p on the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. We further elucidated such rescue role might through derepressing MAPK1 expression, the target of miR-194-5p. In brief, the above results elucidate the important role of XIST in HCC tumorigenesis, suggesting that XIST might be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for treating HCC. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Fig 6C:  (C) and (D) The immigrated and invaded cells, after transfected with miR-NC, miR-194-5p, miR-194-5p + pcDNA-NC or miR-194-5p + pcDNA XIST vectors. Are the authors **certain** that the marked panels in C represent different conditions? ![file] Fig 3A-D:  (A) and (C) Represent pictures of migratory and invasive MHCC97H cells were stained and the average number of cells was calculated after knockdown of XIST. (B) and (D) Represent pictures of migratory and invasive Huh7 cells were stained and the average number of cells was calculated after overexpression of XIST. The pcDNA-XIST panel from 3D *[above]* is also the miRNA-NC panel from 6C *[below]*. ![file] ![file] , 
 Retracted [10 June 2021] . ----------------------------------- The above article, published online on 11 December 2017 in Wiley Online Library , has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal s Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on allegations raised by a third party. The authors confirmed that original Figures 3Du2013F, 5E, 6C, and 7D are flawed. After editorial evaluation of the figures and the raw data which the authors sent, the conclusions of this article are considered invalid. ,