MicroRNA-497 suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through targeting PBX3 in human multiple myeloma
Authors: Yali Wang
Tianhua Yu
Lirong Zhang
Xuanhe Zhang
Xiaochuan Pang
Hongjuan Pan
Zhihua Xu
Journal: American journal of cancer research (2016)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: PBX3; apoptosis; miR-497; multiple myeloma; proliferation.
Affiliations: Department of Blood Transfusion, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China., Shihezi University 221 North Fourth Road, Shihezi 832003, China., Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China., Department of The 3rd Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, China., Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.

Abstract:  Aberrant expression of microRNA-497 (miRN-497) is implicated in development and progression of multiple types of cancers. However, the biological function and underlying mechanism of miR-497 in multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. Thus, we studied the potential biological roles of miR-497 in MM. The expression of miR-497 was examined in multiple myeloma and normal plasma cells by qRT-PCR. Biological functions of miR-497 were analyzed using cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis and luciferase assays in vitro, as well as via tumorigenicity in vivo analysis. Here, we observed reduced expression of miR-497 in MM plasma samples and cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-497 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and clonogenicity, as well as induced cell arrest at G0/G1 stage and apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistic investigation assays showed that Pre-B-cellleukemia transcription factor 3 (PBX3) was a novel and direct downstream target of miR-497. Interestingly, overexpression of PBX3 partially reverted the effect of miR-497 in MM cells. In xenograft model, overexpression of miR-497 inhibited tumorigenicity by repressing PBX3. These findings collectively suggested that miR-497 functioned as tumor suppressor in MM by directly targeting PBX3, supporting its utility as a novel and potential therapeutic agent for MM therapy. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Fig 6B.  Photographs of [MM1S] tumor tissues . ![file] Fig 6B from [Li et al (2018)] .  Tumor tissues were imaged after the mice were sacrificed . ![] Fig 2D inset, from [Xia, Li Lv (2016)] .  The mice were sacrificed at 30 days after inoculation, and the tumors were weighed . ![file] , 
 A pair of flow-cytometry histograms appears in two papers by different teams of authors, representing the results of two quite different experiments. *[left]* Fig 2D.  ... cell cycle ... determined in **MMS1** cells after transfected with **miR-497** mimic or miR-NC. *[right]* Fig 2C from [Li et al (2016)] .  Results of flow cytometric analysis of cell-cycle distribution of **SW480** cells after transfection with **miR-613** mimic or miR-NC . ![file] , 
 Retracted [15 August 2021] .  Recently we found that overexpression of miR-497 did not affect tumor growth of nude mice. Thus, the results of in vivo are not able to reproduce in this study. All authors approve to retract this paper. We sincerely apologize for any inconvenience that might result from the retraction of this article. ,