<p>MicroRNA-675 directly targets MAPK1 to suppress the oncogenicity of papillary thyroid cancer and is sponged by long non-coding RNA RMRP</p>
Authors: Junyi Wang
Tiantian Xiao
Ming Zhao
Journal: OncoTargets and Therapy (2019)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease; microRNA-675; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; papillary thyroid cancer.
Affiliations: Department of Endocrinology, Geriatric Research Center, JinLing Hospital, Nanjing, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210002, People's Republic of China.

Abstract:  Background: MicroRNA-675-5p (miR-675-5p) is dysregulated in multiple human cancers, but its involvement in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains to be investigated. This study aimed to examine the expression pattern of miR-675 in PTC, determine the effects of miR-675 on regulating the progression of PTC, and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: The expression profile of miR-675 in PTC tissues and cell lines was determined using RT-qPCR. CCK-8, transwell migration and invasion assays, and xenograft tumors in nude mice were employed to analyze proliferation, in vitro migration and invasion, and in vivo tumor growth of PTC cells, respectively. The putative target of miR-675 was predicted using bioinformatic algorithms and was confirmed using luciferase reporter assays, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. Results: miR-675 expression was decreased in PTC tissues and cell lines. A low level of miR-675 expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage in PTC patients. Ectopic miR-675 expression suppressed PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and hindered tumor growth in vivo. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) was found to be the direct target gene of miR-675 in PTC cells. MAPK1 reintroduction negated the tumor-suppressing effect of miR-675 overexpression in PTC cells. Furthermore, the lncRNA mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP) functioned as a ceRNA of miR-675 in PTC cells. Silencing RMRP expression inhibited the growth and metastasis of PTC cells by sponging miR-675 and regulating MAPK1. Conclusion: These findings revealed that miR-675 directly targets MAPK1 and is sponged by lncRNA RMRP to inhibit the oncogenicity of PTC, suggesting the RMRP-miR-675-MAPK1 pathway is an effective target for the treatment of PTC patients. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 There is a duplication between Figures 3 and 4 (shown below). ![file] , 
 *[left]* Fig 7A from [Zhang et al (2019)] .  Photograph of tumor xenografts obtained from nude mouse injected with miR-802 mimics- or miR-NC-transfected H460 cells . Rotated through 90 deg to facilitate comparison. *[upper right]* **Fig 8A from [Wang, Xiao Zhao (2019)] **.  miR-675 mimics or miR-NC were transfected into TPC-1 cells and then injected to nude mice. A representative image of tumor xenografts is shown . *[lower right]* Fig 7B from [Tan et al (2019)] .  Representative images of tumor xeno-grafts derived from H460 cells transfected with agomir-625 or agomir-NC . ![file] Two pairs of tumors appear to be the same, seen at slightly different angles (red rectangles). Note also that all three institutions seem to be using a single ruler, with a distinctive stain at the lower right. , 
 Retracted [4 October 2021] . ---------------------------- The Editor and Publisher of OncoTargets and Therapy wish to retract the published article. Concerns were raised over the alleged image duplication of images between Figures 3F and 4A, and the alleged duplication of images in Figure 8A with similar images from unrelated articles, specifically: - Figure 3F, panel GAPDH appears to have been duplicated with a similar image in Figure 4A, panel GAPDH. - Figure 8A appears to have been duplicated with a similar image in Figure 7A from Zhang et al, 2019 . The authors did not respond to our queries and the Editor determined the findings of the study were no longer valid and advised for the article to be retracted. Our decision-making was informed by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retraction. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u201cRetractedu201d. , 
 Fig 2C. ![file] Fig 6E F from  MicroRNA-939 Directly Targets em HDGF em to Inhibit the Aggressiveness of Prostate Cancer via Deactivation of the WNT u03b2-Catenin Pathway ([Situ et al 2020] ). ![file] -------------------------------- - *[above]* Fig 5E from  Long noncoding RNA NNT-AS1 enhances the malignant phenotype of bladder cancer by acting as a competing endogenous RNA on microRNA-496 thereby increasing HMGB1 expression ([Wu et al 2019] ). - *[below]* **Fig 7E**. ![file] ,