Anaerococcus jeddahensis sp. nov., a New Bacterial Species Isolated From Healthy Nomadic Bedouin Woman From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Niokhor Dione
Sara Bellali
Nayel Helmy
Pierre-Edouard Fournier
Esam I Azhar
Fehmida Bibi
Mamadou Beye
Nicholas Armstrong
Jean-Christophe Lagier
Muhammad Yasir
Didier Raoult
Jaishriram Rathored
Noémie Labas
Frédéric Cadoret
Asif A Jiman-Fatani
Journal: Current Microbiology (2018)
Discipline: MICROBIOLOGY
Keywords: microbial diversity; human microbiota; culturomics; taxono-genomic strategy; Anaerococcus jeddahensis
Affiliations: Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France., Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Departments of Medical Laboratory Technology and Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suliman Fageeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. .

Abstract:  An understanding of the microbial diversity of the human body has generated significant interest in recent years. With the advent of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, high-speed sequencing, and the rebirth of microbial culture, knowledge of human microbiota is growing. Using culturomics, a strategy to explore the microbial diversity of samples, coupled with a taxono-genomic strategy, we isolated a new bacterium named Anaerococcus jeddahensis sp. nov. strain SB3T. This strain was isolated from the stool sample of a healthy nomadic Bedouin woman from Saudi Arabia. Here, we describe the characteristics of this organism, and the complete genome sequence and annotation. Strain SB3T is a Gram-positive obligate anaerobic coccus which is non-motile and non-spore forming. Fatty acid analysis shows that the major fatty acid is by far hexadecanoic acid (C16:0; 52%). Its genome is 1,903,534 bp long and has 29.70 mol% of G+C content. It contains 1756 protein-coding genes and 53 RNA genes. These results show that strategy provides a better understanding of the microorganism and that is a good methodology for microbial identification and characterization. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Could the authors please provide the primary uncropped blot images? ![file] ![file] , 
 Fig 3A.  Cell morphology detection . Duplicated panel. ![file] , 
 #1 I agree that the bands in Figs 4E,F show unexpected similarities in their backgrounds, though they differ in the details of the central blobs. I have enhanced the contrast here. ![file] Fig 5C, subjected to the same treatment. ![file] , 
 Fig 7B.  Cell morphology detection . Contrast enhanced to clarify the overlap. ![file] , 
 The authors claim to corroborate their results with human cardiac fibroblasts:  Exosome-lncRNA ZFAS1 regulated fibrosis in human cardiac fibroblast . We read that  Human cardiomyocytes and human cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in Dulbeccou2019s modified Eagleu2019s medium , and there is a lengthy paragraph describing how the **murine** cardiac fibroblasts were obtained, in terms reminiscent of a recipe: * Digestive juices (1 g Ca2+ L trypsin and 0.8 g L type IV collagenase) were prepared with PBS without GMP and filtered to remove bacteria. Add 6 mL digestive juice to the tissue block, shake and digest 6 min; in a water bath at 37u00b0 C, gently blow away the sticky tissue block with an elbow straw, put it in a water bath shaker for 6 min, then blow repeatedly; after standing for a while, move most of the supernatant into a 50 mL centrifuge tube, add the same volume of DMEM containing 100 mL L FBS to terminate digestion, and place on ice. 6 mL digestive juice was added to the remaining tissue mass, and the above digestion steps were repeated until the tissue mass was digested, leaving only a white transparent collagen fiber network (about 2 to 3 times). * However, I am unable to find any account of the source of the **human** cells. This seems to be relevant information. , 
 This article is currently undergoing investigation. ,