Sex-based differences in myocardial infarction-induced kidney damage following cigarette smoking exposure: more renal protection in premenopausal female mice
Authors: Cynthia Tannous
Nada J Habeichi
Hiam Al-Awassi
George W Booz
Abdullah Kaplan
Ali Mroueh
Ahmed El-Yazbi
Abdo Jurjus
Rana Ghali
Ahmad Husari
Raffaele Altara
Fouad A Zouein
Journal: Bioscience reports (2020)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: Cigarette smoking; Kidney damage; Myocardial infarction; gender differences.
Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon., INSERM Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S1180, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France., Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Sleep Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon., Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon., Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway., Department of Pathology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A., Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract:  The impact of cigarette smoking (CS) on kidney homeostasis in the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) in both males and females remains poorly elucidated. C57BL6/J mice were exposed to 2 weeks of CS prior to MI induction followed by 1 week of CS exposure in order to investigate the impact of CS on kidney damage in the presence of MI. Cardiac hemodynamic analysis revealed a significant decrease in ejection fraction (EF) in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female subjects, whereas cardiac output (CO) comparably decreased in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes. Kidney structural alterations, including glomerular retraction, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cross-sectional area, and total renal fibrosis were more pronounced in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female group. Although renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and glomerular DNA fragmentation significantly increased to the same extent in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) significantly increased in CS-exposed MI male mice, only. Metabolically, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide riboside-1 (NMRK-1) substantially increased in CS-exposed MI female mice only, whereas sirtuin (SIRT)-1 and SIRT-3 substantially decreased in CS-exposed MI male mice compared with their relative female group. Additionally, renal NAD levels significantly decreased only in CS-exposed MI male mice. In conclusion, MI female mice exhibited pronounced renal protection following CS when compared with the relative male groups. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 There is a duplication in Figure 4 ![file] , 
 Dear Nympholis, Thank you for your valuable observation. This honest mistake was actually pointed out to us by the editorial team of the journal. What you are seeing now is not the final publication. Proofs are yet to be submitted. Hopefully soon, the final revised version will be available online. Thank you again. Please keep us posted shall you have any additional comments. Best Dr. Zouein ,