Retracted : MicroRNA‐335‐5p suppresses lower extremity deep venous thrombosis by targeted inhibition of PAI‐1 via the TLR4 signalingpathway
Authors: Qi Zhao
Xiang-Kui Zhu
Cui-Xia Bao
Na-Na Wang
Xiao-Lei Sun
Dong-Xia Zhang
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: TLR4 signaling pathway; apoptosis; lower extremity deep venous thrombosis; microRNA-335-5P; plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
Affiliations: Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, P. R. China., Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, P. R. China., Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, P. R. China., Department of Radiology, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, P. R. China., Department of Cardiology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, P. R. China.

Abstract:  This study aims to investigate the effects of microRNA-335-5p (miR-335-5p) on lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) by targeting PAI-1 through the TLR4 signaling pathway in rat models. siRNA, mimic, and inhibitor were used for transfection. The miR-335-5p expression was detected by in situ hybridization. CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were adopted to detect proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis, respectively. Scratch test and Matrigel-based tube formation assay were used to detect the effect of miR-335-5p on cell migration ability and tube formation ability. A miR-335-5p lentivirus plasmid was constructed and injected into LEDVT rats. The length and weight of thrombus were measured, changes of thrombus recanalization were observed by CD34 immunohistochemistry, and levels of PAI-1 and inflammatory factors in femoral vein blood were detected by ELISA. LEDVT rats showed a higher AOD value of PAI-1, higher expression of PAI-1, NF-κB, Rac1, IL-1β, and TLR4 and a lower miR-335-5p expression. PAI-1 and miR-335-5p were negatively correlated. Compared to the blank and siRNA-NC groups, the miR-335-5p mimic and siRNA-PAI-1 groups showed declined expression of PAI-1, TLR4, NF-κB, Rac1, and IL-1β, increased proliferation and tube formation abilities, less cells in G0/G1 phase, and decreased apoptosis, decreased length and weight of thrombus, organized thrombus, increased new blood vessels, and decreased levels of PAI-1, IL-1, IL-6, and Tnf-a. miR-335-5p may suppress the occurrence and development of LEDVT in rats by repressing the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway by targeted inhibition of PAI-1. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 The 2007 IEEE paper:  **Effective Course-of-Action Determination to Achieve Desired Effects**  Sajjad Haider and IEEE fellow Alexander H. Levis [George Mason University]  Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Volume: 37, Issue: 6 copied verbatim more than 80% of the earlier 2006 SPIE copyrighted paper:  **Courses of action for effects based operations using evolutionary algorithms**  https: doi.org 10.1117 12.670041 The IEEE paper did not enclose copied passages in quotation marks, did not cite the SPIE paper, and did not indicate permission of the copyright holder. The work was funded by the Office of Naval Research grant N00014-06-1-0081 and the Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate grant FA8750-05-C-0145. Examples are shown below, with the SPIE version on the left. ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ![file] ,