Regulatory effect of lncRNA NKILA on autophagy induced by sepsis kidney injury
Authors: Y-H Li
L-L Ding
Y-M Yang
Y Fu
N Li
Journal: European review for medical and pharmacological sciences (2019)
Discipline: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Keywords: lncRNA; NKILA; autophagy; sepsis-induced kidney injury; rats
Affiliations: Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. .

Abstract:  Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NKILA on autophagy in sepsis-induced kidney injury. Materials and methods: Sepsis model was successfully established in rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to evaluate the pathological lesions in rat kidney tissues. Subsequently, serum samples of sepsis rats were collected. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were determined. Western blot and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were conducted to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of LC3, Beclin-1, activated caspase-3, p-Akt (308), p-Akt (472), Akt and NKILA in kidney tissues of sepsis rats at different time points, respectively. Subsequently, HK-2 cells were induced with different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for different time points. The expression levels of the above genes in cells were detected as well. Finally, changes in autophagy and apoptosis in LPS-induced HK-2 cells with the treatment of PI3K pathway inhibitor or Akt inhibitor were observed. Results: Typical pathological lesions were observed in kidney tissues of sepsis rats, with increased serum levels of BUN and SCr. This indicated the successful construction of the sepsis model in rats. The expression levels of LC3, Beclin-1, and NKILA/Akt significantly increased in kidney tissues of sepsis rats. In vitro experiments revealed that NKILA expression in HK-2 cells gradually up-regulated with the increase of LPS dose and prolongation of LPS induction. The expressions of LC3 and NKILA/Akt were higher at 10 mg/L LPS treatment, and 8 h of LPS induction. Furthermore, the treatment of PI3K pathway inhibitor or Akt inhibitor remarkably down-regulated LPS-induced LC3 expression, while it accelerated cell apoptosis and up-regulated NKILA expression. Conclusions: Autophagy occurs at sepsis-induced kidney injury, which can be regulated by NKILA/Akt pathway. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
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 https: medium.com @balajis peer-review-of-covid-19-antibody-seroprevalence-in-santa-clara-county-california-1f6382258c25 , 
 https: statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu 2020 04 19 fatal-flaws-in-stanford-study-of-coronavirus-prevalence , 
 Uncertainties about the reported false-negative rate of the tests and a possible conflict of interest. https: twitter.com mbeisen status 1252035977742147584 , 
 In addition to what others have pointed out, using Reference 22 to say that there s a 3 week lag from infection to death is problematic as that NEJM study was a case series of ICU patients, not a study designed to show lag time to death. Being off by a few days makes a huge difference in a virus that spreads exponentially. https: medium.com @weishinlai problems-with-the-santa-clara-study-6062a5d39622 , 
 https: twitter.com wfithian status 1252692357788479488 https: medium.com @steve.yadlowsky large-variability-in-serology-estimates-of-prevalence-of-sars-cov-2-28151ae4709e , 
 Possible insight into how the confidence intervals were calculated. https: twitter.com jjcherian status 1251272333177880576 , 
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 https: www.buzzfeednews.com article stephaniemlee stanford-coronavirus-neeleman-ioannidis-whistleblower https: undark.org 2020 05 09 john-ioannidis-responds ,