Silencing hsa_circ_PVT1 (circPVT1) suppresses the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme cells by up-regulation of miR-199a-5p
Authors: Donghui Xu
Fuwei Yang
Guonan Chi
Weiming Liu
Journal: Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (2020)
Discipline: BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Keywords: EMT; Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); PI3K/AKT pathway; circPVT1; miR-199a-5p.
Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China

Abstract:  Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most prevailing primary brain tumours among adults and most aggressive cancers. Despite multiple developments in medical and surgical treatments, GBM is still a deadly disease with a high mortality rate. Here, this study was performed to investigate the function of circPVT1 on GBM.Methods: CCK-8 and flow cytometry were utilised to estimate viability and apoptosis in both cells. qRT-PCR was performed to determine circPVT1 and miR-199a-5p expression. Western blot was conducted to determine apoptosis, migration and EMT-related proteins levels when silencing circPVT1. Subsequently, these parameters were re-tested after up-regulating miR-199a-5p.Results: CircPVT1 was highly expressed in GBM tissues. Silencing circPVT1 raised two cells apoptosis and reduced viability and migration capacity. Moreover, EGF-induced EMT was repressed by silencing circPVT1. In addition, miR-199a-5p expression was elevated when silencing circPVT1. And silencing circPVT1 exerted above changes via up-regulating miR-199a-5p. Finally, silencing circPVT1 repressed YAP1 and PI3K/AKT pathways via up-regulating miR-199a-5p.Conclusion: Our data suggested that silencing circPVT1 inhibited viability, migration, EGF-induced EMT and promoted apoptosis as well as repressed YAP1 and PI3K/AKT pathways by up-regulating miR-199a-5p.HIGHLIGHTSCircPVT1 expression is highly expressed in GBM tissues;Si-circPVT1 represses migration and promoted apoptosis in U539 and U251 cells;Si-circPVT1 represses migration and promoted apoptosis when elevating miR-199a-5p;Si-circPVT1 represses EGF-induced EMT when increasing miR-199a-5p;Si-circPVT1 suppresses YAP1 and PI3K/AKT pathways by up-regulating miR-199-5p. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 The Western blots and other figures in this paper have an interesting layout that appears to be shared with many other papers, as discussed in a January 2020 post on Leonid Schneider s blog: https: forbetterscience.com 2020 01 24 the-full-service-paper-mill-and-its-chinese-customers The list of these papers is available here: https: docs.google.com spreadsheets d 1KXqTAyl4j-jVorFPMD2XRpr76LcIKJ0CVyIvRj0exYQ edit?usp=sharing In almost all papers, Western blot panels within the same figure, and across figures and papers, appear to share the same background, while the bands are regularly spaced, all have similar rounded edges without the usual smudges and specks, and with some bands showing a recognizable  jumping sardine shape. Also in almost all papers, bar graphs show a characteristic layout with bars in solid shades of grey, and the left-most bar in black, as well as double-edged error bars. Many papers have  cell viability and  apoptotic cells graphs. To illustrate the recognizable layout of the graphs in this paper, here is Figure 3. ![file] , 
 Statement of Retraction, 10 August 2021, https: www.tandfonline.com doi full 10.1080 21691401.2021.1951970  We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article: Guonan Chi, Fuwei Yang, Donghui Xu Weiming Liu (2020) Silencing hsa_circ_PVT1 (circPVT1) suppresses the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme cells by up-regulation of miR-199a-5p. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 48:1, 188u2013196, DOI: 10.1080 21691401.2019.1699825 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article. We reached out to the authors requesting that they supply information that would confirm the articleu2019s integrity. The authors provided several files in response to our queries, but they were unable to provide the original data in a format which satisfies our requirements to confirm the authenticity of some types of data. In particular, they were unable to provide full western blots, where the molecular weight markers are indicated. In addition, the authors did not have a record of the full blot, before cutting it into strips. When checking their data the authors also confirmed there are fundamental errors present. Therefore, they have agreed to the retraction of this article. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u2018Retractedu2019. ,