Glioma-derived ADAM10 induces regulatory B cells to suppress CD8+ T cells
Authors: Wen-sheng Li
Zhuo-peng Ye
Hai-yong He
Ying Guo
Hui Wang
Lun Luo
Zhen-chao Huang
Journal: PLoS ONE (2014)
Discipline: Multidisciplinary
Keywords: CD8+ T cells; glioma; ADAM10; regulatory B cells; immune cells
Affiliations: Department of neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract:  CD8+ T cells play an important role in the anti-tumor activities of the body. The dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in glioma is unclear. This study aims to elucidate the glioma cell-derived ADAM10 (A Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10) in the suppression of CD8+ effector T cells by the induction of regulatory B cells. In this study, glioma cells were isolated from surgically removed glioma tissue and stimulated by Phorbol myristate acetage (PMA) in the culture. The levels of ADAM10 in the culture were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immune cells were assessed by flow cytometry. The results showed that the isolated glioma cells express ADAM10, which was markedly up regulated after stimulated with PMA. The glioma-derived ADAM10 induced activated B cells to differentiate into regulatory B cells, the later suppressed CD8+ T cell proliferation as well as the induced regulatory T cells, which also showed the immune suppressor effect on CD8+ effector T cell proliferation. In conclusion, glioma cells produce ADAM10 to induce Bregs; the latter suppresses CD8+ T cells and induces Tregs. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Concerns about Figure 2. * Red boxes: In Figure 2B, TGF-b panel, lanes 1 2 look similar to lanes 7 8 * Blue boxes: In Figure 2B, b-actin panel, lanes 5 6 look similar to the mirror image of lanes 7 8 * In Figure 2C and 2D, the panels have an unexpected top bottom symmetry in the background. Reported to the journal in October 2015. ![file] , 
 Dear Sir Madam, Thanks for the information. As many years passed, we could not find the original data for this figure. Therefore, we are contacting Plos One Editoral Office to correct this error, or withdraw this paper. Dr. Y. Guo P.S., we attach the communication with Plos One: Dear Dr. Guo, Thank you for your message. We are still consulting further with our internal Editors about this matter. Please note that our evaluation may take time as we consider your query thoroughly. If anything else arises in the meantime, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your patience. Best regards, Meghan Hom PLOS | plos.org Empowering researchers to transform science 1160 Battery Street, Suite 100, San Francisco, CA 94111 , 
 I appreciate the authors responding. It is difficult to understand how a figure manipulation of the sort that appears to have occurred here (see crude cyan arrows) could happen by accident. *** ![file] , 
 Dear Sir Madam, Thanks for the information. As we wrote to you earlier today, we have decided to withdraw this paper from Plos One. The request has been sent to Plos One. Plos One editorial office is processing our request. We were told the paper-withdraw processing needed some times. Dr. Y. Guo , 
 Dear Dr. Guo, Thank you for looking into this and for retracting the paper. Kind regards, Elisabeth , 
 We are contacting Plos One; below is the message from Plos One: Dear Dr. Guo, Thank you for your message. We are still consulting further with our internal Editors about this matter. Please note that our evaluation may take time as we consider your query thoroughly. If anything else arises in the meantime, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your patience. Best regards, Meghan Hom PLOS | plos.org Empowering researchers to transform science 1160 Battery Street, Suite 100, San Francisco, CA 94111 , 
 2021 retraction. https: journals.plos.org plosone article?id=10.1371 journal.pone.0249104 After this article [1] was published, concerns were raised about results reported in Fig 2. Specifically: Similarities were noted between the following data shown in Fig 2B. These include image similarities in the background areas within the indicated lanes. u25cb. In the TGF-beta blot, lanes 1 and 2 appear similar to lanes 7 and 8, respectively. u25cb. In the u03b2-actin blot, the background speck patterns in lanes 5 and 6 appear similar to those in lanes 8 and 7, respectively, when flipped horizontally. In the blot images shown in Figs 2A, 2C, and 2D, similarities were noted between areas of the background above and below the bands. In response to the above concerns, the authors noted that the wrong files were used in compiling the figure and that the original data supporting Fig 2 are no longer available. They offered replacement data from replication experiments, but the data provided did not resolve the concerns about the published figure. The corresponding author requested retraction. In light of the above concerns, the authors and PLOS ONE Editors retract this article. YG relayed that all authors agree with retraction and apologize for the issues with the published article. Reference 1.Ye Z-p, He H-y, Wang H, Li W-s, Luo L, Huang Z-c, et al. (2014) Glioma-Derived ADAM10 Induces Regulatory B Cells to Suppress CD8+ T Cells. PLoS ONE 9(8): e105350. https: doi.org 10.1371 journal.pone.0105350 pmid:25127032 ,