Preclinical anti-myeloma activity of EDO-S101, a new bendamustine-derived molecule with added HDACi activity, through potent DNA damage induction and impairment of DNA repair
Authors: P Leif Bergsagel
María-Victoria Mateos
Jesús F San-Miguel
Mercedes Garayoa
Dalia Quwaider
Enrique M Ocio
Montserrat Martín-Sánchez
Laura San-Segundo
Marta Chesi
Ana B Herrero
Marcos González-Díaz
Susana Hernández-García
Daniel Primo
Ana-Alicia López-Iglesias
Irena Misiewicz-Krzeminska
Norma C Gutiérrez
Lorena González-Méndez
Teresa Paíno
Thomas Mehrling
Journal: Journal of hematology & oncology (2017)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: Bendamustine; DNA damage; EDO-S101; Homologous recombination; Multiple myeloma.
Affiliations: University Hospital of Salamanca (IBSAL) & Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC-USAL), Salamanca, Spain., Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, USA., Vivia Biotech, Madrid, Spain., University Hospital of Salamanca (IBSAL) & Cancer Research Center (IBMCC-CSIC-USAL), Salamanca, Spain. ., Mundipharma-EDO GmbH, Basel, Switzerland., Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), IDISNA, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

Abstract:  Background: Despite recent advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), the prognosis of most patients remains poor, and resistance to traditional and new drugs frequently occurs. EDO-S101 is a novel therapeutic agent conceived as the fusion of a histone deacetylase inhibitor radical to bendamustine, with the aim of potentiating its alkylating activity. Methods: The efficacy of EDO-S101 was evaluated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, alone, and in combination with standard anti-myeloma agents. The underlying mechanisms of action were also evaluated on MM cell lines, patient samples, and different murine models. Results: EDO-S101 displayed potent activity in vitro in MM cell lines (IC50 1.6-4.8 μM) and ex vivo in cells isolated from MM patients, which was higher than that of bendamustine and independent of the p53 status and previous melphalan resistance. This activity was confirmed in vivo, in a CB17-SCID murine plasmacytoma model and in de novo Vk*MYC mice, leading to a significant survival improvement in both models. In addition, EDO-S101 was the only drug with single-agent activity in the multidrug resistant Vk12653 murine model. Attending to its mechanism of action, the molecule showed both, a HDACi effect (demonstrated by α-tubulin and histone hyperacetylation) and a DNA-damaging effect (shown by an increase in γH2AX); the latter being again clearly more potent than that of bendamustine. Using a reporter plasmid integrated into the genome of some MM cell lines, we demonstrate that, apart from inducing a potent DNA damage, EDO-S101 specifically inhibited the double strand break repair by the homologous recombination pathway. Moreover, EDO-S101 treatment reduced the recruitment of repair proteins such as RAD51 to DNA-damage sites identified as γH2AX foci. Finally, EDO-S101 preclinically synergized with bortezomib, both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: These findings provide rationale for the clinical investigation of EDO-S101 in MM, either as a single agent or in combination with other anti-MM drugs, particularly proteasome inhibitors. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Could the authors please explain why the exposure intensity was so different between Actin and Fox2 for H9 in Figure 5B? ![file] ,