Retracted : Long non‐coding RNA XIST promotes osteosarcoma progression by targeting YAP via miR‐195‐5p
Authors: Guanghui Wei
Shan Wang
Chao Yang
Ke Wu
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: XIST; YAP; long non-coding RNA; miR-195-5p; osteosarcoma.
Affiliations: Department of Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China., China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China., Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China., Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China., Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.

Abstract:  The lncRNA XIST (X inactive-specific transcript) is an oncogenic lncRNA that is present in various malignant tumors; however, its role and molecular mechanisms in osteosarcoma (OS) progression remain unclear. In the current study, 40 pairs of OS tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected. qRT-PCR was conducted to investigate the differences in XIST expression in tissues and OS cell lines. The proliferation, invasion, and EMT status of OS cells after transfection were assessed with WST-1 assays, Transwell assays, and Western blot analysis, respectively. Whether miR-195-5p was a direct downstream target of XIST was verified by both bioinformatics target gene prediction and dual-luciferase report analysis. A mouse model was established to evaluate tumor proliferation in vivo. Our results demonstrated that XIST expression was significantly upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines and negatively correlated with clinical prognosis. XIST knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, inhibited the EMT of OS cells in vitro, and suppressed subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. Further analysis demonstrated that XIST regulated YAP expression by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA that sponged miR-195-5p in OS cells. XIST directly interacted with miR-195-5p and decreased the binding of miR-195-5p to the YAP 3'UTR, which suppressed the degradation of YAP mRNA by miR-195-5p. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that lncRNA XIST enhances OS cancer cell proliferation and invasion in part through the miR-195-5p/YAP pathway. Therefore, lncRNA XIST might be a promising therapeutic target for OS. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Figure 1G appears to have overlapping images: ![file] , 
 Retracted [15 December 2020] .  Long Nonu2010Coding RNA XIST Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression by Targeting YAP via miRu2010195u20105p , by Chao Yang, Ke Wu, Shan Wang and Guanghui Wei, J Cell Biochem. 2018 Jul;119(7):5646u20105656. The above article, published online on 31 January 2018 in Wiley Online Library , has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal s Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The authors have retracted this article following concerns raised by a third party. The authors have admitted similarity to other publications and improper usage of images in Figure 1G. Due to loss of original data, the validity of the overall study could not be confirmed. All the authors agree with the retraction. , 
 The retraction says  The authors have admitted similarity to other publications and improper usage of images in Figure 1G . However, there is no G in figure 1. ![file] ,