RETRACTED ARTICLE: Association between nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) gene polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) susceptibility
Authors: Meiling Xu
Yujun Pan
Chi Ma
Hong Zhao
Shuangyan Zhang
Journal: Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (2019)
Discipline: BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Keywords: PCR-RFLP; Parkinson’s disease; polymorphism.
Affiliations: a Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China., b Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China.

Abstract:  Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) gene and Parkinson's disease susceptibility, including IVS4 + 10A &gt; C (rs72796353) and a missense mutation at exon 9 (c.2857A &gt; G p.K953E). Methods: Rs72796353 and c.2857A &gt; G p.K953E polymorphisms of NOD2 gene were genotyped via polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 125 cases with PD and 120 healthy controls. Genotype and allele frequencies differences of gene polymorphisms between the case and control groups were analyzed by the Chi-square test. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to indicate the relative susceptibility to PD. Furthermore, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by the χ2 test in controls. Results: Neither genotypes nor allele of rs72796353 was significantly different in cases and control groups (p &gt; .05). Differently, AG/GG genotype of NOD2 2857 A &gt; G polymorphism were associated with the increased risk of PD (OR = 2.486, 95%CI = 1.223-5.056), and G allele carriers were 2.563 times risk to suffer from PD (OR = 2.563, 95%CI = 1.310-5.013). Besides, AG genotype might be also a risk factor for PD. Conclusion: NOD2 c.2857A &gt; G p.K953E polymorphism may be correlated with PD susceptibility in Chinese Han population, but not rs727796353. Further study should be conduct to certify this conclusion. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Retracted [11 January 2021] . ----------------------------------------------- We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article: Meiling Xu, Shuangyan Zhang, Hong Zhao, Chi Ma Yujun Pan (2019) Association between nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) gene polymorphisms and Parkinsonu2019s disease (PD) susceptibility. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 47:1, 2134u20132138, DOI: https: doi.org 10.1080 21691401.2019.1617730 It has come to our attention that the full authorship list and affiliations for this manuscript were changed after the article was submitted. In addition, the location of the study site and the ethics committee were also changed. We have contacted the authors for an explanation, but we have not received a response within the requested timeframe. As determining authorship and the location of where the research was conducted, is core to the integrity of published work, we are therefore retracting the article. The authors listed in this publication have been sent notification. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u2018Retractedu2019. ,