Retracted : Effects of cyclin D1 gene silencing on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Jie Ma
Zhi-Ping Zhang
Qi Cheng
Deng Ning
Jin Chen
Li Jiang
Xiao-Ping Chen
Xue Li
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: cell apoptosis; cell cycle; cell proliferation; gene silencing; hepatocellular carcinoma.
Affiliations: Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China., Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China., Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China., Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, P.R. China.

Abstract:  This study aims to investigate the effects of Cyclin D1 silencing on cell cycle, cell proliferation, and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC). Cells were divided into the blank group, negative control group (HCC cells transfected with control shRNA), Cyclin D1 shRNA group (HCC cells transfected with Cyclin D1 shRNA), and the normal group (human normal liver L-02 cells). Expressions of Cyclin D1, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and C-myc were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Tumor xenograft in nude mice was performed to detect in vivo tumorigenesis. HCC tissues and HCC cells exhibited elevated expression levels of Cyclin D1. Cyclin D1 expression levels was found to be correlated with tumor size and tumor staging. Compared with the normal group, the blank group showed enhanced cell proliferation, a reduction in the amount of cells in G0/G1 phase, increased number cells in S and G2/M phase, reduced apoptosis, elevated expressions of Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and C-myc, decreased Caspase-3 activity and significant tumorigenicity. In comparison with the blank group, the Cyclin D1 shRNA group revealed weakened cell proliferation, reduced cells in S and G2/M phase, increased cells in G0/G1 phase, increased Annexin V positive cell ratio, decreased expression of Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and C-myc, elevated Caspase-3 activity and inhibited tumorigenicity. In conclusion, Cyclin D1 gene silencing suppresses cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis, which may be a new target approach in the treatment and management for HCC. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Fig 8A.  Transplanted tumor weight of nude mice in the blank, NC and Cyclin D1 siRNA groups Note: A, images of transplanted tumor in the three groups . ![file] These are very versatile tumors. See, e.g., Figure 14B from [Lu et al (2018)] . ![] Fig 7C of [Wen et al (2017)] . ![] In the [spreadsheet here] , manifestations of these tumors are marked by  Set 1 in Column U,  Tumors . , 
 Retracted [30 June 2021] . ------------------------ The above article, published online on 08 September 2017 in Wiley Online Library has been retracted by agreement between the the journal s Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on allegations raised by a third party. A detailed investigation revealed that several image elements of the experimental data were published elsewhere in a different scientific context. Thus, the editors consider the conclusions of this article to be invalid. ,