BRAIN NETWORKS. Correlated gene expression supports synchronous activity in brain networks
Authors: Jean-Baptiste Poline
Zdenka Pausova
Dirk Lanzerath
Kathrin Müller
Marcella Rietschel
Hervé Lemaître
Alexis Barbot
Eric Artiges
Karl Mann
Mike Hawrylycz
Gunter Schumann
Nathalie Boddaert
Luise Poustka
Barbara Ruggeri
Trevor Robbins
James Ireland
Tomáš Paus
Hugh Garavan
Michael Rapp
Bert Heinrichs
Sophia Schneider
Patrick Constant
Fabiana Mesquita de Carvahlo
Catie Chang
Wolfgang Sommer
Jean-Luc Martinot
Sylvane Desrivieres
Patricia Conrod
Frauke Nees
Xavier Mignon
Andreas Heinz
Uli Bromberg
Christine Macare
Vincent Frouin
Rainer Spanagel
Alicia Stedman
C Peng Wong
Tianye Jia
Yannick Schwartz
Jürgen Gallinat
Dai Stephens
Gareth J Barker
Michael Smolka
Andreas Ströhle
Dirk Schmidt
Steve Williams
Zuleima Bricaud
Arun L W Bokde
Florian Schubert
Katharina Lüdemann
Tomas Paus
Tade Spranger
Alinda Fernandes
Jan Reuter
Robert Whelan
Ruediger Bruehl
Michael D Greicius
Semiha Aydin
Chris Andrew
Christian Büchel
Alexander Romanowski
Karl F Mann
M Mallar Chakravarty
Sarah Rodehacke
John Rogers
Walter
Charlotte Nymberg
Lisa Albrecht
Eva Mennigen
Fanny Gollier Briand
Naresh Subramaniam
Claire Lawrence
Anna Cattrell
MarkGunter Schumann
Arun Bokde
Sabina Steiner
Nicole Strache
Benjamin Decideur
Catherine Mallik
Stephan Ripke
Marie-Laure Paillere
Anna-Clare Milazzo
Mark Lathrop
Mercedes Arroyo
Jeffrey Dalley
Tobias Banaschewski
Ruben Miranda
Penny Gowland
Christine Schmäl
Gareth Barker
Amir Tahmasebi
Jean-François Mangin
Lauren Topper
Nadja Heym
Herta Flor
Andre Altmann
Hervé Lemaitre
Arnaud Cachia
Juliana Yacubian
Bernd Ittermann
Christine Bach
Lourdes Martinez-Medina
Gabriel Robert
IMAGEN consortium
Steven Lubbe
Thomas Hübner
Trevor W Robbins
Mira Fauth-Bühler
Monica Zilbovicius
Michael N Smolka
Maren Struve
Claudia Speiser
Tahmine Fadai
Jonas Richiardi
Journal: Science (2015)
Discipline: Multidisciplinary
Keywords: Resting-state functional connectivity; Gene expression; Ion channels; Polymorphisms; Healthy adolescents
Affiliations: Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.  ., Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., The War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Advanced MRI Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada., Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany., Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK., Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Ste Justine Hospital, Montréal, Canada., Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany., Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany., Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France., Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging and Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, Orsay, France. INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Cochin Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France., Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany., Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany., Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Clinical Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany., Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. Medical Research Council (MRC) Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK., Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA., Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA., Functional Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.  .

Abstract:  During rest, brain activity is synchronized between different regions widely distributed throughout the brain, forming functional networks. However, the molecular mechanisms supporting functional connectivity remain undefined. We show that functional brain networks defined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging can be recapitulated by using measures of correlated gene expression in a post mortem brain tissue data set. The set of 136 genes we identify is significantly enriched for ion channels. Polymorphisms in this set of genes significantly affect resting-state functional connectivity in a large sample of healthy adolescents. Expression levels of these genes are also significantly associated with axonal connectivity in the mouse. The results provide convergent, multimodal evidence that resting-state functional networks correlate with the orchestrated activity of dozens of genes linked to ion channel activity and synaptic function. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 The Monte Carlo methodology is not clearly detailed enough so the work can be reproduced.  These simulations were carried out using five heating ramps with 50,000 steps each : what are the minimal and maximal temperatures involved? What are the Monte Carlo moves involved, and with what probability?  The obtained conformers were pre-geometrized and inputted with a temperature range between 100 and 10 5 K . What does  pre-geometrized mean, what method is used, what does it do. Inputted into what? What does this temperature range correspond to? In the next sentence the authors discuss  the convergence threshold , but there are no convergence thresholds for Monte Carlo simulations. Does it mean a geometry optimisation was performed? ,