RETRACTED: Enhanced IL-17 signalling following myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Seán P Barry
Christoph Thiemermann
David S Latchman
Carol Chen-Scarabelli
Anastasis Stephanou
Tiziano M Scarabelli
Alessandro Mazzucco
Giuseppe Faggian
Richard A Knight
Hisanori Suzuki
James McCormick
Samir Ounzain
Louis I I Saravolatz
Journal: International journal of cardiology (2013)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: IL-17A; IL-17F; pro-inflammatory cytokines; myocardial infarction; IL-17 antibody
Affiliations: Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland., Medical Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK., Center for Heart and Vessel Preclinical Studies, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 22201 Moross Road, Detroit, USA., Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy., Sezione di Chimica Biologica, Dipartimento di Scienze Morfologico-Biomediche, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy., Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Medical Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. Electronic address: .

Abstract:  Background: IL-17A and IL-17F are pro-inflammatory cytokines which induce the expression of several cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in target cells. IL-17 cytokines have recently attracted huge interest due to their pathogenic role in diseases such as arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease although a role for IL-17 cytokines in myocardial infarction (MI) has not previously been described. Methods: In vivo MI was performed by coronary artery occlusion in the absence or presence of a neutralizing IL-17 antibody for blocking IL-17 actions in vivo. IL-17 signaling was also assessed in isolated primary cardiomyocytes by Western blot, mRNA expression and immunostaining. Results: Expression of IL-17A, IL-17F and the IL-17 receptor (IL-17RA) were all increased following MI. Expression of several IL-17 target genes, including Cxcl1, Cxcl2, IL-1β, iNOS and IL-6 was also upregulated following MI. In addition, IL-17A promoted the expression of Cxcl1 and IL-6 in isolated cardiomyocytes in a MAPK and PI(3)K-dependent manner. IL-17A and ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury were found to have an additive effect on Cxcl1 expression, suggesting that IL-17 may enhance myocardial neutrophil recruitment during MI. Moreover, protein levels of both IL-17R and IL-17A were enhanced following in vivo MI. Finally, blocking IL-17 signaling in vivo reduced the levels of apoptotic cell death markers following in vivo MI. Conclusions: These data imply that the expression of IL-17 cytokines and their receptor are elevated during myocardial I/R injury and may play a fundamental role in post infarct inflammatory and apoptotic responses. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
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 2018 retraction. https: www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com article S0167-5273(18)35933-3 fulltext This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal . University College of London has undertaken an investigation into allegations received that the above publication contained images that had been deliberately manipulated. The precise details of the allegation are as follows: u2022The images in Figure 5B labelled Control, I R and I R+IL-17n both used a section of the same image, with additional features (yellow TUNEL labelled nuclei representing dying cells) having been either added or taken away; u2022In addition, the Control panel in Figure 5B appeared to be a horizontal flip and crop of the Control panel in Figure 4A of  Minocycline inhibits caspase activation and reactivation, increases the ratio of XIAP to smac DIABLO, and reduces the mitochondrial leakage of cytochrome C and smac DIABLO Scarabelli etal, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 43, 865-874 (2004) https: doi.org 10.1016 j.jacc.2003.09.050 (web archive link) The panel conducting the investigation found that it was clear that the images had been intentionally manipulated as alleged, concluding that research misconduct had occurred. Therefore the editor decided to retract this paper. , 
 Retracted. https: www.internationaljournalofcardiology.com article S0167-5273(11)01705-0 fulltext , 
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 The majority of the cell nuclei in all 3 panels are the same, yet there are some cell nuclei which wax and wane between the panels. How to explain this phenomenon? I have placed thicker rectangles around some examples of such cell nuclei. https: imgur.com BJoIPfE , 
 This is now the 6th retracted paper from Teh Masteru2019s ex-laboratory at the Global Research Powerhouse to feature in RWu2019s Retraction Database. http: retractiondatabase.org RetractionSearch.aspx#?auth%3dlatchman Every day, in every way, the scientific literature is getting better and better. Or so we may wish. ![image] , 
 https: www.buzzfeednews.com article peteraldhous david-latchman-scientific-misconduct , 
 From that article in #13: Shimon Cohen, a reputation management specialist working for Latchman, told BuzzFeed News by email that Latchman rejected the assertions made in the investigation reports. u201cThe nature of the manipulation identified in the UCL investigation was such that any fraud would only be apparent to a reviewer who was actively looking for such deception,u201d Cohen wrote. , 
 #13 #14 Thank you both for drawing attention to recent developments regarding the hitherto inadequate publicly available information illuminating The Masteru2019s labu2019s research activities at the Global Research Powerhouse (GRP). Your quote is what is known in parts of London as a porky: *u201cThe nature of the manipulation identified in the UCL investigation was such that any fraud would only be apparent to a reviewer who was actively looking for such deception,u201d* Researchers do have an obligation to carefully read the papers that they co-author. Even when they are the head of the lab. Though the documents belatedly released by GRP (aka UCL) are monstrously redacted, it is clear that 17 (unspecified) papers were considered to be in need of retraction or correction. https: www.documentcloud.org documents 6178710-UCL-FOIA-Latchman-Lab-Investigations.html How well is the GRP UCL doing in their efforts to clean up those parts of the scientific literature that their top scientists have polluted? So far, not very well. Not very well at all. Ought the GRP UCL try a teensy-weensy bit harder? Or is it, perhaps, that they just donu2019t care? ![image] Perhaps it would be worth updating this figure, if and when another of The Masteru2019s papers gets retracted? ,