RETRACTED ARTICLE: Long noncoding RNA HAGLROS promotes the process of mantle cell lymphoma by regulating miR-100/ATG5 axis and involving in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal
Authors: Guangfu Mu
Yong Xia
Si Wu
Qian Liu
Qing Fang
Journal: Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology (2019)
Discipline: BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Keywords: ATG5; HAGLROS; Mantle cell lymphoma; PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal; miR-100.
Affiliations: Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China., Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University , Chenzhou , Hunan , China.

Abstract:  This research planned to grab the expression and impact of lncRNA HAGLROS in the biology and progression of mantle cell lymphoma. HAGLROS level in mantle cell lymphoma cell lines was detected, followed by investigation of the influences of HAGLROS silencing on Mino cell biological performances. Afterwards, the express patterns of HAGLROS vs. miR-100, as well as miR-100 vs. ATG5, were investigated. Furthermore, whether HAGLROS could regulate the signals of PI3K/AKT/mTOR was analyzed. HAGLROS level was high in mantle cell lymphoma cell lines. Silencing of HAGLROS inhibited Mino cell viability, increased apoptosis and decreased autophagy by sponging miR-100. Moreover, miR-100 targeted ATG5 fixed. Furthermore, HAGLROS suppression resulted in inhibition on the briskness of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signals. Concurrently HAGLROS suppression and miR-100 inhibitor markedly changed the impacts of HAGLROS down-regulation alone on activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signals, which could further change after co-transfection of si-HAGLROS + miR-100 inhibitor + siATG5. Our findings point out that expression of HAGLROS is increased in mantle cell lymphoma cells and may function as an oncogene in mantle cell lymphoma. HAGLROS may promote tumour development by regulating miR-100/ATG5/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. 

Retracted: Yes

PubPeer comments:
 Figure 1: ![file] , 
 #1 As well as the Control and sh-NC plots being almost identical in the 3rd quadrant, the sh-HAGLROS#1 plot is very similar, sharing a majority of cell-points. ![file] , 
 This paper belongs to a set of over 400 papers (as per February 2020) that share very similar Western blots with tadpole-like shaped bands, the same background pattern, and striking similarities in title structures, paper layout, bar graph design, and - in a subset - flow cytometry panels. Despite these similarities, these papers are authored by researchers from different departments and institutes, with almost no overlap in authors. The list of these papers is available here: https: docs.google.com spreadsheets d 1KXqTAyl4j-jVorFPMD2XRpr76LcIKJ0CVyIvRj0exYQ edit?usp=sharing A more detailed description of this set of papers, suspected to all be generated by a common source, a paper mill , can be found here: * https: forbetterscience.com 2020 01 24 the-full-service-paper-mill-and-its-chinese-customers (January 2020) * https: scienceintegritydigest.com 2020 02 21 the-tadpole-paper-mill (February 2020) The same paper mill has been described in these papers: * Jana Christopher - Systematic fabrication of scientific images revealed - FEBS Letters (2018) - https: febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com doi full 10.1002 1873-3468.13201 * Jennifer A Byrne and Jana Christopher - Digital magic, or the dark arts of the 21st centuryu2014how can journals and peer reviewers detect manuscripts and publications from paper mills? - FEBS Letters (2020) - https: febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com doi full 10.1002 1873-3468.13747 , 
 Retracted [11 January 2021] . ----------------------------------- We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article: Guangfu Mu, Qian Liu, Si Wu, Yong Xia Qing Fang (2019) Long noncoding RNA HAGLROS promotes the process of mantle cell lymphoma by regulating miR-100 ATG5 axis and involving in PI3K AKT mTOR signal. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 47:1, 3649u20133656, DOI: 10.1080 21691401.2019.1645151 Since publication, concerns have been raised about the integrity of the data in the article. When approached for an explanation, the authors have been unable to verify their original data or answer our questions about research ethics and the informed consent process. In addition, two of the co-authors have alerted the Publisher that parts of the experiment were outsourced to a third party, and they do not believe the results to be credible. We also have concerns regarding the integrity of the authorship, as two co-authors have stated they did not consent to being listed as an author. We are therefore retracting this article and all authors listed in this publication have been informed. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as u2018Retractedu2019. ,