Metabolic Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin E Co-Supplementation in Patients with Fibrocystic Breast Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Javad Zavar Reza
Mohsen Taghizadeh
Zatollah Asemi
Behnaz Salehi
Mehdi Sahmani
Bita Badehnoosh
Seyyed Mehdi Mirhashemi
Nushin Moussavi
Journal: Archives of Iranian Medicine (2017)
Discipline: CLINICAL MEDICINE
Keywords: omega-3 fatty acids; vitamin E; metabolic status; fibrocystic breast disease; inflammatory factors
Affiliations: Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran., Surgery Department, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran., Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract:  Background: There is scarce data on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E co-supplementation on metabolic status in patients with fibrocystic breast disease (FBD). The current study was carried out to determine the effects of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E co-supplementation on metabolic status in patients with FBD. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 56 patients with FBD. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to receive either 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 mg vitamin E (n = 28) or placebo (n = 28) for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks of intervention to determine inflammatory factors, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and metabolic profiles. Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, changes in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-2171.4 ¬± 3189.1 vs. +696.9 ¬± 2774.8 ng/mL, P = 0.001) and plasma nitric oxide (+1.8 ¬± 4.0 vs. -0.1 ¬± 2.4 ¬µmol/L, P = 0.04) in supplemented women were significantly different from those in the placebo group. In addition, compared to the placebo group, subjects who consumed omega-3 fatty acids plus vitamin E supplements had significantly decreased serum insulin concentrations (-3.2 ¬± 6.5 vs. -0.2 ¬± 1.7 ¬µIU/mL, P = 0.01), the homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-0.8 ¬± 1.7 vs. -0.02 ¬± 0.4, P = 0.03), serum triglycerides levels (-11.5 ¬± 47.3 vs. +10.6 ¬± 24.3 mg/dL, P = 0.03) and VLDL-cholesterol (-2.3 ¬± 9.5 vs. +2.1 ¬± 4.9 mg/dL, P = 0.03), as well as increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.01 ¬± 0.01 vs. +0.001 ¬± 0.007, P = 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol (+3.4 ¬± 6.0 vs. -1.3 ¬± 4.3 mg/dL, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E co-supplementation for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on inflammatory markers and metabolic profiles in patients with FBD. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
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 Thank you very much for your comment and pointing out the mistake. After careful evaluation we found that indeed the incorrect figure panel for GAD65 protein blot has been added inadvertently. This must have happened during formatting of the final figures. We are attaching the actual Figure 3C that was found from our old files and matched it with student s thesis figure. We are in contact with the editor to inform this and replace this single panel in the Figure as a part of erratum. However, there is no difference in the result outcome of the data. There are also other data as well that support the observation of the result mentioned. The results from RT-PCR (Figure 3A and B), SMAR1 overexpression data (Figure 3D and E) and luciferase assay (Figure 2E) together supports and confirms the same result that was obtained from Figure 3C. , 
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