Retracted : In vivo and in vitro effects of PTH1‚Ä?4 on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow‚Äêderived mesenchymal stem cells through regulating microRNA‚Ä?55
Authors: Fang Ju
Huan-Sheng Han
Shuo Geng
Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2018)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: adipogenic differentiation; human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; microRNA-155; osteogenic differentiation; parathyroid hormone 1-34.
Affiliations: Special Economic Animal Research Center, Harbin Speciality Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, P.R. China., Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China.

Abstract:  This study aimed to investigate the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH1-34) on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by the regulation of miR-155. A total of 36 adult volunteers were selected in this study. Effects of PTH1-34 on the proliferation of hBMSCs and miR-155 expression were investigated using a MTT assay. The hBMSCs were divided into blank, PTH1-34, miR-155 mimic, miR-155 mimic negative control (NC), miR-155 inhibitor, miR-155 inhibitor NC, PTH1-34 + miR-155 mimic, PTH1-34 + miR-155 inhibitor, and NPS R-568 groups. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) mouse models were established by ovariectomy (OVX) and divided into ten groups. The RT-qPCR and Western blotting assay were carried out to detect the expression of osteogenesis/adipogenic-related genes and miR-155, and osteogenesis/adipogenic-related proteins. PTH1-34 could promote hBMSCs proliferation and inhibit miR-155 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the blank control group, expressions of Runx2, and BSP was up-regulated in the PTH1-34 and miR-155 inhibitor groups, while expressions of miR-155, PPAR-Œ≥, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4), adiponectin, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein Œ± (C/EBPŒ±) were down-regulated. In the in vivo experiment, compared with the OVX group, the BMD and expressions of Runx2 and BSP was up-regulated in the PTH1-34, miR-155 inhibitor, and PTH1-34 + miR-155 inhibitor groups, while expressions of PPAR-Œ≥, LPL, Fabp4, adiponectin, and C/EBPŒ± were down-regulated. The miR-155 mimic and NPS R-568 groups followed opposite trends. PTH1-34 could promote the osteogenic differentiation and inhibits adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through down-regulating miR-155 in PMOP mice. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Two panels in Figure 8A appear to show an area of overlap, as highlighted here in blue. The miR-155 mimic NC panel (top row) appears to have been stretched vertically compared to the NPS R-568 panel (bottom row).  , 
 Retracted (date uncertain):  The above article, published online on 1 November 2017 in Wiley Online Library , has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal s Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Christian Behl, and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based allegations raised by a third party, and after the authors stated that due to statistical errors the conclusions of the articles were no longer valid. Fig 2:  Growth condition and differentiation of the third-generation hBMSCs. A, the growth curve of the third-generation hBMSCs; B, alizarin red staining of the third-generation hBMSCs after osteogenic induction (u00d740); C, oil red O staining of the third-generation hBMSCs after adipogenic induction .  For comparison, Fig. 2B,C from [Wu et al (2017)] .  Growth and differentiation conditions of the third-generation rADMSCs. ... (B) Oil red O staining for the third-generation rADMSCs after adipogenic induction; (C) alizarin red staining for the third-generation rADMSCs after osteogenic differentiation . Below: Fig 3 (a,b) from [Lv et al (2017)] .  Differentiation abilities of ADMSCs and the identification of exosomes. Note: (a) ADMSCs stained with alizarin red after the osteoinductive differentiation; (b) ADMSCs stained with Oil Red O after the adipogenic differentiation .  , 
 FIGURE 4H  Effects of PTH1-34 on the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs among the blank control, PTH1-34, miR-155 mimic, miR-155 mimic NC, miR-155 inhibitor, miR-155 inhibitor NC, PTH1-34 + miR-155 mimic, PTH1-34 + miR-155 inhibitor, and NPS R-568 groups. ... H, the protein expressions of Runx2, ALP, OCN and BSP detected by Western blotting . FIGURE 9E  Expressions of osteogenic marker proteins or adipogenic marker proteins on bone tissues of mouse among the sham, OVX, PTH1- 34, miR-155 mimic NC, miR-155 mimic, miR-155 inhibitor NC, miR-155 inhibitor, PTH1-34 + miR-155 mimic, PTH1-34 + miR-155 inhibitor, and NPS R-568 groups detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. ...E, histogram showing the protein expressions of PPAR-u03b3, LPL, Fabp4, adiponectin, and C EBPu03b1 .  Loading control is the same, despite the interpolation of the OVX lane in 9E. It is also a familiar band, with the distinctive bubble blob (marked). All the bands appear to be drawn from a small concourse of WBs. Here is a montage I prepared earlier.  , 
 Fig 9E again:  Two distinctive protein blobs from the Apidonectin band appear elsewhere in this oeuvre, though as part of a **loading control** band. For instance, Fig 6A of [Chen et al (2017)] and Fig 5B of [Wu et al (2018)] :  Fig 5B of [Wang et al (2018)] and 6C of [Chen et al (2018)] :  , 
 Comparing Fig 9C *[left]* with *[right]* 6A from [Wen et al (2018a)] . The resemblance between a Bcl-2 band and a GAPDH loading control is what caught my attention.  UPDATE - I have added Fig 3E from [Wen et al (2018b)] *[below]*  , 
 #5 Fig 9C also bears comparison with *[below]* Fig 2B from [Tan et al (2017)] . High-contrast version at right.  , 
 #2 Retraction note has now been assigned a date: [17 July 2020] . ,