Long non-coding RNA SATB2-AS1 inhibits microRNA-155-3p to suppress breast cancer cell growth by promoting breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like
Authors: Yuanxi Huang
Bingshu Xia
Hongbin Li
Xinxin Lv
Shaoqiang Cheng
Yuying Li
Yue Zhang
Journal: Cancer Cell International (2020)
Discipline: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS
Keywords: Breast cancer; Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like; Long non-coding RNA antisense transcript of SATB2 protein; MicroRNA-155-3p.
Affiliations: Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China., Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China., Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China. ., Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, China. .

Abstract:  Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in human cancers. Nevertheless, the effects of lncRNAs and miRNAs on breast cancer (BC) remain to be further investigated. This study was designed to testify the roles of lncRNA antisense transcript of SATB2 protein (SATB2-AS1) and microRNA-155-3p (miR-155-3p) in BC progression. Methods: Levels of SATB2-AS1, miR-155-3p and breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like (BRMS1L) in BC were determined. The prognostic role of SATB2-AS1 in BC patients was assessed. The screened cells were respectively introduced with altered SATB2-AS1 or miR-155-3p to figure out their roles in malignant phenotypes of BC cells. The effect of varied SATB2-AS1 and miR-155-3p on BC cells in vivo was observed. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA-pull down assay were implemented to detect the targeting relationship of SATB2-AS1, miR-155-3p, and BRMS1L. Results: SATB2-AS1 and BRMS1L were decreased while miR-155-3p was increased in BC cells and tissues. Patients with lower SATB2-AS1 expression had poor prognosis. Elevated SATB2-AS1 and inhibited miR-155-3p were able to restrain malignant behaviors of BC cells in vitro, as well as decelerate tumor growth in vivo. Oppositely, inhibited SATB2-AS1 and amplified miR-155-3p had converse effects on BC cell growth. MiR-155-3p mimic abrogated the impact of overexpressed SATB2-AS1. SATB2-AS1 could sponge miR-155-3p, and BRMS1L was the target gene of miR-155-3p. Conclusion: Elevated SATB2-AS1 and inhibited miR-155-3p could suppress the malignant phenotypes of BC cells, thereby restricting the development of BC. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Retracted [14 February 2021] . -------------------------- The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article [1]. Concerns were raised with a number of figures, specifically: - Fig. 3d blank cell culture for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 appear identical to Fig. 4d blank cell culture for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 respectively. - Fig. 3d charts appear to be identical to all Fig. 4d charts. - Fig. 3f blank cell cultures appear to be the same as Fig. 4f blank cell cultures. - Fig. 3g blank cell cultures appear to be the same as Fig. 4g blank cell cultures. - Fig. 3i blank tissue samples appear to be the same as Fig. 4i blank tissue samples. Additionally, the Editors-in-Chief found that blank control values are missing in the raw data for Fig. 4a and that the variation between miRNA mimic and miRNA inhibitor appears to be unrealistically small. The Editors-in-Chief have therefore concluded that the data reported in this article are unreliable. The authors agree with the retraction but disagree with the wording of the retraction notice. ------------------------------------------- Here is Fig 3, to exemplify a style of retractable papers.  Fig 4.  , 
 This retracted article shares several characteristics with many others in the eyebrow family of papers identified by Hoya Camphorifolia. 1. Table 1 is  Primer sequence 2. Primer problems: miRNA forward primer for miR-155-3p is actually for PEA15. miRNA reverse primer recognizes many sites in the human genome. 3. miRNA RT: No miRNA-specific RT method. Mature miRNA could not have been amplified. 4. miRNA normalizer: U6 5. miRNA-target alignment is non-canonical for lncRNA; function doubtful , 
 - Fig 2 D J from  Exosomes secreted by chronic hepatitis B patients with PNALT and liver inflammation grade u2265 A2 promoted the progression of liver cancer by transferring miRu201025u20103p to inhibit the cou2010expression of TCF21 and HHIP ([Ouyang et al 2020] ). - Fic 6c from  Circular RNA CDR1as sponges miR-7-5p to enhance E2F3 stability and promote the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma ([Zhong et al 2019] ). - **Fig 6d**. - Fig 2B (top row) from  IL-6 Promotes Cancer Stemness and Oncogenicity in U2OS and MG-63 Osteosarcoma Cells by Upregulating the OPN-STAT3 Pathway ([Zhang et al 2019] ) **[retracted]**.  ,