Overexpression of miR-98 inhibits cell invasion in glioma cell lines via downregulation of IKKŒµ
Authors: X-G Zhu
Q-K Ji
Y Chai
M-J Wu
C-C Liao
Y-H Fan
S-G Lv
L Wu
M-H Ye
B Xiao
Journal: European review for medical and pharmacological sciences (2015)
Discipline: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Keywords: MicroRNAs; miR-98; gliomas; proliferation; migration
Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China. .

Abstract:  Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as negative regulators for the expression of genes involved in cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of miR-98 in gliomas and validate its regulatory mechanism. Patients and methods: Cell viability assays are used to measure proliferation of cell. mRNA expression is measured by qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis is used to measure protein expression. Results: Functional studies showed that miR-98 overexpression inhibited glioma migration and invasion, but had no effect on the cell viability. An enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and a western blot analysis confirmed that miR-98 suppressed the expression of IŒ∫B kinase (IKKŒµ) by directly targeting its 3'-untranslated region, also, the NF-Œ∫B p65 nuclear translocation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression were significantly arrested in glioma cells treated with miR-98 mimics. Accordingly, the overexpression of IKKŒµ or NF-Œ∫B p65 can restore cell migration and invasion after being inhibited by miR-98, and can restore NF-Œ∫B p65 nuclear translocation as well as increase MMP-9 expression. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that miR-98 functions as a tumor suppressor in gliomas. Furthermore, miR-98 may act as a potential therapeutic biomarker for glioma patients. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Two micrographs in Figure 3B have been duplicated and presented as something else in Figure 6A. A micrograph in Figure 3C has been duplicated and presented as something else in Figure 6B.  , 
 Dear Indigofera Tanganyikensisuff0c Firstly, I am the first author (Y-H Fan) of this online manuscript. Thanks for your careful checking of our online manuscript. Secondly, as you have described, we have some mistakes in figure 6 in our online manuscript. According to your valuable comments, we checked the experimental records and data, and we found that we made such a low-level mistake in the process of image merging. At the time of writing the manuscript, the results of Transwell and scratch assay in figures 3 and 6 were combined at the same time. In the process of merging pictures, some results in Figure 3 are merged into Figure 6 by mistake due to carelessness. For the unexpected mistake in the figure 6 layout process, we are sorry that we did not find this error in the modification and inspection. Finally, thank you again for your valuable comments and we have attached the corrected figure to make this manuscript accurate. And we are contacting the editor office to make correction of the figure 6. Best wishes Yanghua Fan , 
 Dear Indigofera Tanganyikensisuff0c Firstly, I am the first author (Y-H Fan) of this online manuscript. Thanks for your careful checking of our online manuscript. Secondly, as you have described, we have some mistakes in figure 6 in our online manuscript. According to your valuable comments, we checked the experimental records and data, and we found that we made such a low-level mistake in the process of image merging. At the time of writing the manuscript, the results of Transwell and scratch assay in figures 3 and 6 were combined at the same time. In the process of merging pictures, some results in Figure 3 are merged into Figure 6 by mistake due to carelessness. For the unexpected mistake in the figure 6 layout process, we are sorry that we did not find this error in the modification and inspection. Finally, thank you again for your valuable comments and we have attached the corrected figure to make this manuscript accurate. And we are contacting the editor office to make correction of the figure 6. Best wishes Yanghua Fan ,