Cadmium induced cardiac oxidative stress in rats and its attenuation by GSP through the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Nazimabashir
Vaihundam Manoharan
Selvaraj Miltonprabu
Journal: Chemico-Biological Interactions (2015)
Discipline: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Keywords: Cadmium; GSP; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; ROS
Affiliations: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamilnadu, India., Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608002, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: .

Abstract:  This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Western Blots from Figures 8B and 9A appear similar to Blots from Figure 4A of the article previously published by the authors in Biochemistry and Cell Biology 93 (2015) 210-226 https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2014-0114 and Figures 12 and 14 of the article previously published by the corresponding author et al in Biomedicine &amp; Preventive Nutrition 4 (2014) 561-577 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bionut.2014.08.003, although the Western Blots purportedly described different samples. Also, sections within the panels from Figures 10 and 11D appear unusually similar to each other. The explanation provided by the corresponding author was not satisfactory and the Editor decided to retract the article. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Concern about Figure 10. Each panel appears to show repetitive elements, which is highly unusual in biological specimens. Boxes of the same color highlight elements that look more similar than expected.  , 
 Concern about Figure 11. Panel D appears to show repetitive elements, which is highly unusual in biological specimens. Boxes of the same color highlight elements that look more similar than expected.  , 
 #1 A closer look at panel C turns up some unusual  fault lines that are not consistent with normal jpg artefacts:  The discontinuities often run right through individual cells. Perhaps the authors can post the original images? , 
 *[Right]* Fig. 8.  Effect of GSP on... cytochrome C (8B)... in the **heart tissue** of control and Cd treated rats by western blot. Lane 1. Control.; Lane 2. Control u00b1 GSP (100 mg kg bw), Lane 3. Cd u00b1 control (5 mg kg bw) Lane 4. GSP (100 mg kg bw) u00b1 Cd (5 mg kg bw). ... Values are expressed as mean u00b1 SD for groups of six rats in each . *[Left]* Fig 4(A).  Effect of GSP on western blotting of Cytochrome C, Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 on control and experimental rats in **kidney**. Values are expressed as mean u00b1 SD for groups of six rats in each. From [Nazima Bashir et al. (2015)] :  Cytochrome-C and beta-actin bands appear to be the same. Could the authors check whether the kidneys or the hearts of the experimental animals were the sources of the proteins? , 
  Fig. 9. Effect of GSP on renal western blot protein Nrf2, HO-1, and Keap-1 in **heart** of control and experimental rats (9A). Lane 1 - Control, Lane 2 - Control u00b1 GSP (100 mg kg bw), Lane 3 - Cd u00b1 control (5 mg kg bw) Lane 4 - GSP (100 mg kg bw) u00b1 Cd (5 mg kg bw).  Please compare with Figs 5 and 6 from [Nazimabashir et al. (2015)] :  Fig.5. Effect of GSP on western blotting renal apoptotic markers Bax and Bcl2 in **kidney** of control and Cd-treated rats. Values are expressed as mean u00b1 SD for groups of six rats in each. Fig.6. Effect of GSP on renal western blot protein Nrf2, HO-1, u03b3-GCS, u00b5-GST and Keap-1 in **kidney** of control and experimental rats. Values are expressed as mean u00b1 SD for groups of six rats in each.  Could the authors check whether the kidneys or the hearts of the experimental animals were the sources of the proteins? , 
 #5 Fig 9 again, here at right. At left, Fig 12 from [Miltonprabu Muthumani (2014)] .  Effect of DiMC on As-mediated Nrf2-Keap1signaling pathways. Western blot analysis of Nrf2, HO-1, -GCL, NQO1, SOD and Keap1.  , 
 #4 Returning to Fig 4(A) from [Nazima Bashir et al. (2015)] , and 8B from the present paper:  Marked up for comparison with Fig 14 from [Miltonprabu Muthumani (2014)] .  ,