Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 promotes cell growth and metastasis in ovarian cancer
Authors: L Luo
X-S Yang
G-X Wang
Journal: European review for medical and pharmacological sciences (2018)
Discipline: PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
Keywords: long non-coding RNA; SNHG16; ovarian cancer; expression; prognosis
Affiliations: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Linyi City Central Hospital, Linyi, China. .

Abstract:  Objective: To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA SNHG16 in ovarian cancer and to further investigate its role in the development of ovarian cancer as well as its potential regulatory mechanism. Patients and methods: Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SNHG16 in 103 ovarian cancer tissues and normal tissues; the relationship between the expression of SNHG16 and the pathological parameters of ovarian cancer and the prognosis of patients was also analyzed. qRT-PCR was used to further verify the expression of SNHG16 in the ovarian cancer cells. After establishment of SNHG16 knockdown expression model in ovarian cancer cells SKOV-3 and HO8910 using small interfering RNA, the effect of SNHG16 on biological function of ovarian cancer cells was analyzed via cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), transwell invasion and migration assay. Finally, its potential mechanism was analyzed by Western Blot. Results: qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of SNHG16 in ovarian cancer was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with patients with lower expression of SNHG16, patients with higher expression of SNHG16 had higher tumor stage, high rate of distant metastasis and low overall survival rate. Compared with the negative control si-NC group, the cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability in SNHG16 knockdown group (si-SNHG16) significantly decreased. Western Blot showed that after knockdown of SNHG16, expressions of P-AKT and MMP9 decreased significantly, while there was no significant change in the total AKT level. Conclusions: SNHG16 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and was correlated with staging, distant metastasis and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. SNHG16 may activate phosphorylation of AKT and upregulate the expression of MMP9 to promote cell proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian cancer. 

Retracted: No

PubPeer comments:
 Table 1 has column headings promising to convert the numbers within patient subgroups into percentages, but without delivering.  Of course this is not a grievous error. However, Table 1s of this form are a recurring feature of the outputs of a papermill. Other products are tabulated in a Google spreadsheet: https: docs.google.com spreadsheets d 1_762PbYYTCJhek5PdBuiDuN1q48UDgMa-rT6gi_jA8c edit?usp=sharing Another example here, from [Wu et al (2020)] . A random example; I just had it open in another window.  , 
  We collected 103 pairs of surgically resected ovarian cancer patients with tumor and corresponding non-tumor normal tissues samples, referred to ovarian cancer FIGO staging criteria in 2009, all included patients were confirmed as epithelial ovarian cancer by histopathological analysis, and without preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy and other anti-cancer treatment. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee . The authors are spread across three hospitals: Linyi City Central Hospital, Linyi; Qingdao Jimo Peopleu2019s Hospital, Qingdao; Weifang Peopleu2019s Hospital, Weifang. They seem unsure which of these was the location of patient recruitment and the source of the ethics approval. , 
 *[left]* Fig 3A C. Some of the panels were extracted from *[right]* Figs 4B, 7A of  SOX2 enhances the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via Src kinase ([Wang et al 2014] ).  ,