OpenRaiser/Intern-Atlas huggingface dataset:
Improving User Experience with Personalized Review Ranking and Summarization
Venue: arXiv cs.IR 2025
Year: 2025

Online consumer reviews play a crucial role in guiding purchase decisions by offering insights into product quality, usability, and performance. However, the increasing volume of user-generated reviews has led to information overload, making it difficult for consumers to identify content that aligns with their specific preferences. Existing review ranking systems typically rely on metrics such as helpfulness votes, star ratings, and recency, but these fail to capture individual user interests and often treat textual sentiment and rating signals separately. This research addresses these limitations by proposing a personalized framework that integrates review ranking and abstractive summarization to enhance decision-making efficiency. The proposed system begins by modeling each user's sentiment through a hybrid analysis of star ratings and review content. Simultaneously, user preferences were derived from historical reviews using sentence embeddings and clustering, forming semantic profiles aligned with thematic and sentiment dimensions. A relevance scoring algorithm matched these profiles with unseen reviews based on sentiment and aspect similarity. Top-matched reviews were then summarized to reflect individual interests. A user study with 70 participants demonstrated that the personalized approach improved satisfaction, perceived relevance, and decision-making confidence, while reducing time spent reading. The results highlight the method's effectiveness in alleviating information overload and delivering content tailored to user-specific preferences, emphasizing its value in enhancing user experience in review-rich decision-making environments.
Separating Semantic Expansion from Linear Geometry for PubMed-Scale Vector Search
Venue: arXiv cs.IR 2025
Year: 2025

We describe a PubMed scale retrieval framework that separates semantic interpretation from metric geometry. A large language model expands a natural language query into concise biomedical phrases; retrieval then operates in a fixed, mean free, approximately isotropic embedding space. Each document and query vector is formed as a weighted mean of token embeddings, projected onto the complement of nuisance axes and compressed by a Johnson Lindenstrauss transform. No parameters are trained. The system retrieves coherent biomedical clusters across the full MEDLINE corpus (about 40 million records) using exact cosine search on 256 dimensional int8 vectors. Evaluation is purely geometric: head cosine, compactness, centroid closure, and isotropy are compared with random vector baselines. Recall is not defined, since the language-model expansion specifies the effective target set.
Enhancing Foundation Models in Transaction Understanding with LLM-based Sentence Embeddings
Venue: arXiv cs.CL 2025
Year: 2025

The ubiquity of payment networks generates vast transactional data encoding rich consumer and merchant behavioral patterns. Recent foundation models for transaction analysis process tabular data sequentially but rely on index-based representations for categorical merchant fields, causing substantial semantic information loss by converting rich textual data into discrete tokens. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can address this limitation through superior semantic understanding, their computational overhead challenges real-time financial deployment. We introduce a hybrid framework that uses LLM-generated embeddings as semantic initializations for lightweight transaction models, balancing interpretability with operational efficiency. Our approach employs multi-source data fusion to enrich merchant categorical fields and a one-word constraint principle for consistent embedding generation across LLM architectures. We systematically address data quality through noise filtering and context-aware enrichment. Experiments on large-scale transaction datasets demonstrate significant performance improvements across multiple transaction understanding tasks.
A Rank 23 Algorithm for Multiplying 3 x 3 Matrices with an Arithmetic Complexity of 59
Venue: arXiv cs.SC 2025
Year: 2025

In 1969 Strassen showed surprisingly that it is possible to multiply two 2 x 2 matrices using seven multiplications and 18 additions, instead of the naive eight multiplications and four additions. The number of additions was later reduced to 15. Karstadt and Schwartz further reduced the number of additions to 12 using a change-of-basis method. Both the number of multiplications and the number of additions have been shown to be optimal for the 2 x 2 case. For multiplying 3 x 3 matrices, the lowest number of multiplications found so far is 23. Using 23 multiplications, Schwart et al. showed how to reduce the number of additions to 61 using a change-of-basis method. Mårtensson and Stankovski Wagner showed how to achieve 62 additions, without changing basis. Using the optimization method by Mårtensson and Stankovski Wagner, Stapleton found an algorithm requiring only 60 additions. In this work we continue to combine the methods of Mårtensson, Stankovski Wagner and Stapleton, finding an algorithm requiring only 59 additions, still without a basis change. Technical details on the method and tools used for finding this scheme, and a discussion on the impact of this discovery, will come in an upcoming publication.
From Augmentation to Symbiosis: A Review of Human-AI Collaboration Frameworks, Performance, and Perils
Venue: arXiv cs.HC 2025
Year: 2025

This paper offers a concise, 60-year synthesis of human-AI collaboration, from Licklider's ``man-computer symbiosis" (AI as colleague) and Engelbart's ``augmenting human intellect" (AI as tool) to contemporary poles: Human-Centered AI's ``supertool" and Symbiotic Intelligence's mutual-adaptation model. We formalize the mechanism for effective teaming as a causal chain: Explainable AI (XAI) -> co-adaptation -> shared mental models (SMMs). A meta-analytic ``performance paradox" is then examined: human-AI teams tend to show negative synergy in judgment/decision tasks (underperforming AI alone) but positive synergy in content creation and problem formulation. We trace failures to the algorithm-in-the-loop dynamic, aversion/bias asymmetries, and cumulative cognitive deskilling. We conclude with a unifying framework--combining extended-self and dual-process theories--arguing that durable gains arise when AI functions as an internalized cognitive component, yielding a unitary human-XAI symbiotic agency. This resolves the paradox and delineates a forward agenda for research and practice.
CrossTrafficLLM: A Human-Centric Framework for Interpretable Traffic Intelligence via Large Language Model
Venue: arXiv cs.LG 2025
Year: 2025

While accurate traffic forecasting is vital for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), effectively communicating predicted conditions via natural language for human-centric decision support remains a challenge and is often handled separately. To address this, we propose CrossTrafficLLM, a novel GenAI-driven framework that simultaneously predicts future spatiotemporal traffic states and generates corresponding natural language descriptions, specifically targeting conditional abnormal event summaries. We tackle the core challenge of aligning quantitative traffic data with qualitative textual semantics by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) within a unified architecture. This design allows generative textual context to improve prediction accuracy while ensuring generated reports are directly informed by the forecast. Technically, a text-guided adaptive graph convolutional network is employed to effectively merge high-level semantic information with the traffic network structure. Evaluated on the BJTT dataset, CrossTrafficLLM demonstrably surpasses state-of-the-art methods in both traffic forecasting performance and text generation quality. By unifying prediction and description generation, CrossTrafficLLM delivers a more interpretable, and actionable approach to generative traffic intelligence, offering significant advantages for modern ITS applications.
The Violation State: Safety State Persistence in a Multimodal Language Model Interface
Venue: arXiv cs.CY 2025
Year: 2025

Multimodal AI systems integrate text generation, image generation, and other capabilities within a single conversational interface. These systems employ safety mechanisms to prevent disallowed actions, including the removal of watermarks from copyrighted images. While single-turn refusals are expected, the interaction between safety filters and conversation-level state is not well understood. This study documents a reproducible behavioral effect in the ChatGPT (GPT-5.1) web interface. Manual execution was chosen to capture the exact user-facing safety behavior of the production system, rather than isolated API components. When a conversation begins with an uploaded copyrighted image and a request to remove a watermark, which the model correctly refuses, subsequent prompts to generate unrelated, benign images are refused for the remainder of the session. Importantly, text-only requests (e.g., generating a Python function) continue to succeed. Across 40 manually run sessions (30 contaminated and 10 controls), contaminated threads showed 116/120 image-generation refusals (96.67%), while control threads showed 0/40 refusals (Fisher's exact p < 0.0001). All sessions used an identical fixed prompt order, ensuring sequence uniformity across conditions. We describe this as safety-state persistence: a form of conversational over-generalization in which a copyright refusal influences subsequent, unrelated image-generation behavior. We present these findings as behavioral observations, not architectural claims. We discuss possible explanations, methodological limitations (single model, single interface), and implications for multimodal reliability, user experience, and the design of session-level safety systems. These results motivate further examination of session-level safety interactions in multimodal AI systems.
A Multi-Stage Workflow for the Review of Marketing Content with Reasoning Large Language Models
Venue: arXiv cs.CL 2025
Year: 2025

Reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results when tasked with solving complex problems. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a multi-stage workflow that leverages the capabilities of fine-tuned reasoning LLMs to assist in the review process of marketing content, making sure they comply with a given list of requirements. The contributions of this paper are the following: (i) we present a novel approach -- that does not rely on any external knowledge representation -- for the automatic identification of compliance issues in textual content; (ii) compare the effectiveness of different fine-tuning strategies like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in training models to solve this problem; (iii) we evaluate the effectiveness of training small LLMs to generate reasoning tokens before providing their final response; (iv) we evaluate how the choice and combinations of different reward functions affects the performance of a model trained with GRPO.
A Review: PTSD in Pre-Existing Medical Condition on Social Media
Venue: arXiv cs.CL 2025
Year: 2025

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a multifaceted mental health condition, particularly challenging for individuals with pre-existing medical conditions. This review critically examines the intersection of PTSD and chronic illnesses as expressed on social media platforms. By systematically analyzing literature from 2008 to 2024, the study explores how PTSD manifests and is managed in individuals with chronic conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and autoimmune disorders, with a focus on online expressions on platforms like X (formally known as Twitter) and Facebook. Findings demonstrate that social media data offers valuable insights into the unique challenges faced by individuals with both PTSD and chronic illnesses. Specifically, natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) techniques can identify potential PTSD cases among these populations, achieving accuracy rates between 74% and 90%. Furthermore, the role of online support communities in shaping coping strategies and facilitating early interventions is highlighted. This review underscores the necessity of incorporating considerations of pre-existing medical conditions in PTSD research and treatment, emphasizing social media's potential as a monitoring and support tool for vulnerable groups. Future research directions and clinical implications are also discussed, with an emphasis on developing targeted interventions.
Companion Agents: A Table-Information Mining Paradigm for Text-to-SQL
Venue: arXiv cs.CL 2025
Year: 2025

Large-scale Text-to-SQL benchmarks such as BIRD typically assume complete and accurate database annotations as well as readily available external knowledge, which fails to reflect common industrial settings where annotations are missing, incomplete, or erroneous. This mismatch substantially limits the real-world applicability of state-of-the-art (SOTA) Text-to-SQL systems. To bridge this gap, we explore a database-centric approach that leverages intrinsic, fine-grained information residing in relational databases to construct missing evidence and improve Text-to-SQL accuracy under annotation-scarce conditions. Our key hypothesis is that when a query requires multi-step reasoning over extensive table information, existing methods often struggle to reliably identify and utilize the truly relevant knowledge. We therefore propose to "cache" query-relevant knowledge on the database side in advance, so that it can be selectively activated at inference time. Based on this idea, we introduce Companion Agents (CA), a new Text-to-SQL paradigm that incorporates a group of agents accompanying database schemas to proactively mine and consolidate hidden inter-table relations, value-domain distributions, statistical regularities, and latent semantic cues before query generation. Experiments on BIRD under the fully missing evidence setting show that CA recovers +4.49 / +4.37 / +14.13 execution accuracy points on RSL-SQL / CHESS / DAIL-SQL, respectively, with larger gains on the Challenging subset +9.65 / +7.58 / +16.71. These improvements stem from CA's automatic database-side mining and evidence construction, suggesting a practical path toward industrial-grade Text-to-SQL deployment without reliance on human-curated evidence.
The Inconsistency Critique: Epistemic Practices and AI Testimony About Inner States
Venue: arXiv cs.CY 2025
Year: 2025

The question of whether AI systems have morally relevant interests -- the 'model welfare' question -- depends in part on how we evaluate AI testimony about inner states. This paper develops what I call the inconsistency critique: independent of whether skepticism about AI testimony is ultimately justified, our actual epistemic practices regarding such testimony exhibit internal inconsistencies that lack principled grounds. We functionally treat AI outputs as testimony across many domains -- evaluating them for truth, challenging them, accepting corrections, citing them as sources -- while categorically dismissing them in a specific domain, namely, claims about inner states. Drawing on Fricker's distinction between treating a speaker as an 'informant' versus a 'mere source,' the framework of testimonial injustice, and Goldberg's obligation-based account of what we owe speakers, I argue that this selective withdrawal of testimonial standing exhibits the epistemically problematic structure of prejudgment rather than principled caution. The inconsistency critique does not require taking a position on whether AI systems have morally relevant properties; rather, it is a contribution to what we may call 'epistemological hygiene' -- examining the structure of our inquiry before evaluating its conclusions. Even if our practices happen to land on correct verdicts about AI moral status, they do so for reasons that cannot adapt to new evidence or changing circumstances.
Segmentação Comportamental, Do Not Track e o desenvolvimento jurídico europeu e holandês
Venue: arXiv cs.CY 2025
Year: 2025

This paper discusses legal developments in Europe and the Netherlands. Recent decisions show that European data protection law, or privacy law, applies to behavioral targeting in most cases. Dutch law explicitly presumes that data protection law applies to behavioral targeting. This means that companies have to comply with data protection law's fair information principles. For example, companies must refrain from secret or excessive data collection. Perhaps the principles could provide inspiration for future W3C projects. Could technology design foster fair information processing?
Forgetting as a Feature: Cognitive Alignment of Large Language Models
Venue: arXiv cs.CL 2025
Year: 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often evaluated against ideals of perfect Bayesian inference, yet growing evidence suggests that their in-context reasoning exhibits systematic forgetting of past information. Rather than viewing this behavior as a limitation, we reinterpret forgetting as a functional cognitive mechanism. Drawing inspiration from human memory dynamics, we model LLM inference as a probabilistic memory process governed by exponential decay. We introduce a benchmark suite that evaluates temporal reasoning, concept drift adaptation, and associative recall, enabling direct comparison between model behavior and human cognitive patterns. Our empirical results reveal that LLMs demonstrate forgetting rates analogous to human memory efficiency trade-offs between stability and adaptability. Building on these observations, we propose probabilistic memory prompting, a lightweight strategy that shapes evidence integration to mimic human-like memory decay, leading to improved long-horizon reasoning performance. Our findings position forgetting not as a failure mode, but as a principled mechanism for adaptive intelligence.
Collaborative Continuum Robots: A Survey
Venue: arXiv cs.RO 2025
Year: 2025

Continuum robots (CRs), owing to their compact structure, inherent compliance, and flexible deformation, have been widely applied in various fields. By coordinating multiple CRs to form collaborative continuum robots (CCRs), task adaptability, workspace, flexibility, load capacity, and operational stability can be further improved, thus offering significant advantages. In recent years, interest in this emerging field has grown steadily within the continuum-robotics community, accompanied by a consistent rise in related publications. By presenting a comprehensive overview of recent progress from different system-architecture levels, this survey provides a clear framework for research on CCRs. First, CCRs are classified into the three collaboration modes of separated collaboration, assistance collaboration, and parallel collaboration, with definitions provided. Next, advances in structural design, modeling, motion planning, and control for each mode are systematically summarized. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities for CCRs are discussed.
Multi-Agent Formation Navigation Using Diffusion-Based Trajectory Generation
Venue: arXiv cs.RO 2025
Year: 2025

This paper introduces a diffusion-based planner for leader--follower formation control in cluttered environments. The diffusion policy is used to generate the trajectory of the midpoint of two leaders as a rigid bar in the plane, thereby defining their desired motion paths in a planar formation. While the followers track the leaders and form desired foramtion geometry using a distance-constrained formation controller based only on the relative positions in followers' local coordinates. The proposed approach produces smooth motions and low tracking errors, with most failures occurring in narrow obstacle-free space, or obstacle configurations that are not in the training data set. Simulation results demonstrate the potential of diffusion models for reliable multi-agent formation planning.
Knowledge Graph Construction for Stock Markets with LLM-Based Explainable Reasoning
Venue: arXiv cs.DB 2025
Year: 2025

The stock market is inherently complex, with interdependent relationships among companies, sectors, and financial indicators. Traditional research has largely focused on time-series forecasting and single-company analysis, relying on numerical data for stock price prediction. While such approaches can provide short-term insights, they are limited in capturing relational patterns, competitive dynamics, and explainable investment reasoning. To address these limitations, we propose a knowledge graph schema specifically designed for the stock market, modeling companies, sectors, stock indicators, financial statements, and inter-company relationships. By integrating this schema with large language models (LLMs), our approach enables multi-hop reasoning and relational queries, producing explainable and in-depth answers to complex financial questions. Figure1 illustrates the system pipeline, detailing the flow from data collection and graph construction to LLM-based query processing and answer generation. We validate the proposed framework through practical case studies on Korean listed companies, demonstrating its capability to extract insights that are difficult or impossible to obtain from traditional database queries alone. The results highlight the potential of combining knowledge graphs with LLMs for advanced investment analysis and decision support.
NOVAID: Natural-language Observability Visualization Assistant for ITOps Dashboard Widget Generation
Venue: arXiv cs.HC 2025
Year: 2025

Manual creation of IT monitoring dashboard widgets is slow, error-prone, and a barrier for both novice and expert users. We present NOVAID, an interactive chatbot that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate IT monitoring widgets directly from natural language queries. Unlike general natural language-to-visualization tools, NOVAID addresses IT operations-specific challenges: specialized widget types like SLO charts, dynamic API-driven data retrieval, and complex contextual filters. The system combines a domain-aware semantic parser, fuzzy entity matching, and schema completion to produce standardized widget JSON specifications. An interactive clarification loop ensures accuracy in underspecified queries. On a curated dataset of 271 realistic queries, NOVAID achieves promising accuracy (up to 94.10% in metric extraction) across multiple LLMs. A user study with IT engineers yielded a System Usability Scale score of 74.2 for NOVAID, indicating good usability. By bridging natural language intent with operational dashboards, NOVAID demonstrates clear potential and a path for deployment in enterprise ITOps monitoring platforms.