OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Two cases of cholera O1 in South Batinah, Oman, April 2019: lessons learned
Authors: Zayid K Al Mayahi, Nasser Al-Shaqsi, Hamid A Elmutashi, Ali Al-Dhoyani, Azza Al Hattali, Khalid Salim, Issa S Al Fulaiti, Mahmood S Al Subhi
Journal: Epidemiol Health (2019)
Keywords: cholera, epidemiology, infection control, oman, stool antigen test, surveillance
MeSH terms: Cholera / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adult, Feces / microbiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oman, Primary Health Care, Travel-Related Illness

Cholera represents an ongoing threat to many low-income and middle-income countries, but some cases of cholera even occur in high-income countries. Therefore, to prevent or combat cholera outbreaks, it is necessary to maintain the capacity to rapidly detect cholera cases, implement infection control measures, and improve general hygiene in terms of the environment, water, and food. The 2 cases, 1 imported and 1 secondary, described herein are broadly indicative of areas that require improvement. These cases were missed at the primary health care stage, which should be the first detection point even for unusual diseases such as cholera, and the absence of strict infection control practices at the primary care level is believed to contribute to secondary cases of infection. This report also encourages countries to ensure that rapid diagnostic stool tests are available to enable quick detection, as well as to provide information to people travelling to areas where cholera is endemic.
Urinary schistosomiasis with simultaneous bladder squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Aa Ketabchi, Gr Moshtaghi-Kashanian
Journal: Iran J Parasitol (2012)
Keywords: bladder, schistosoma haematobium, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This is a case report concerning a 60 years old man who lived for a short period in an endemic area of Khuzestan Province (neighboring province of Persian Gulf in Iran) for approximately 20 years ago. Recently he referred to the Urology Department of Kerman University of Medical Sciences with hematuria and dysuria. In the sonography a polypoid mass on the bladder floor was observed. In the cystoscopy and biopsy a bladder tumor (Simultaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Transitional Bladder Cell Carcinoma) and schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium) was diagnosed.
Refractory Hypothyroidism Due to Improper Storage of Levothyroxine Tablets
Authors: Salvatore Benvenga, Giampaolo Papi, Alessandro Antonelli
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2017)
Keywords: environment, improper storage, levothyroxine, refractory hypothyroidism, replacement therapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Context:
A not negligible part of hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine therapy do not normalize serum thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations. "Refractory hypothyroidism," i.e., a condition characterized by persistently abnormal serum TSH levels despite adequate titration of l-T4 substitution therapy, requires biochemical and instrumental investigation, but no definite etiology is found in up to 15% of cases.
Objective:
To report patients presenting with refractory hypothyroidism with proven improper storage of levothyroxine tablets.
Design:
Patients on l-T4 substitution therapy referred to three Italian outpatient Clinics of Endocrinology between January 2013 and December 2015 for refractory hypothyroidism were investigated for levothyroxine tablet exposure to humidity, light, and high temperature.
Results:
We report eight patients, accounting for approximately 1% of all hypothyroid patients and 5% of those with refractory hypothyroidism in our series. Careful anamnesis disclosed that these patients stored levothyroxine tablets inappropriately. Normalization of serum TSH concentrations was obtained in all cases by simply recommending to store the new levothyroxine tablets away from heat, light, and humidity.
Conclusion:
Refractory hypothyroidism linked to improper storage of l-T4 tablets does exist and might be an underrecognized entity. In addition to proper modalities of ingestion of l-T4 tablets, patients need to be instructed on proper modalities of storage, as well.
Chronic hepatitis e infection resulting in graft failure in a liver transplant tourist
Authors: Hui-Hui Tan, Hoe-Nam Leong, Boon-Huan Tan, Lynette Lin-Ean Oon, Kiat-Hon Lim, Jason Pik-Eu Chang, Chee-Kiat Tan
Journal: Case Rep Transplant (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hepatitis E, usually an acute hepatitis in the immunocompetent, has a chronic form described in immunocompromised hosts. We report the clinical course and outcome of an adult liver transplant recipient whose posttransplant period was complicated by chronic hepatitis E, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and cellular rejection of the graft.
Primary Breast Tuberculosis Concealed Behind Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: Samah Tahri, Siham Hamaz, Houda Bachir, Samia Malki, Younesse Najioui, Amal Bennani, Habiba Alaoui, Khalid Serraj
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: anti-bacillary drugs, breast carcinoma, fine needle aspiration, granulomatous mastitis, mammary tuberculosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Granulomatous mastitis is an inflammatory disease that often affects women with a history of breastfeeding. The pathogenesis is still unclear and several factors have been incriminated, such as trauma, metabolic and hormonal disorders, infections, and autoimmunity. This poses a diagnostic issue, given that there are several different diagnoses, particularly carcinomatous mastitis. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman, with a history of breastfeeding, who presented with inflammatory left breast. The physical examination has objectified a 10/10 cm painless mass and a 3 cm homolateral axillary lymphadenopathy. A sonomammography revealed inflammatory left breast infiltration with multiple collections associated with homolateral axillary lymphadenopathies. A Trucut biopsy was performed, revealing granulomatous mastitis without signs of malignancy. Interferon-gamma measurement and Koch Bacillus (BK) search by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the breast collection were all negative. The patient was put on non-specific antibiotics with no response and clinical worsening; therefore, we were obliged to start bacillary treatment. The evolution was marked by a total drought and the disappearance of inflammatory signs within a few weeks. Mammary tuberculosis poses a diagnostic issue given the difficulty to identify the bacteria in the samples. This is why tuberculosis should never be excluded despite negative results, especially in endemic countries.
Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies Masked by Previous Gunshots and Tuberculosis
Authors: Martin Gencik, Josef Finsterer
Journal: Case Rep Genet (2015)

Objectives. Although hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) presents with a distinct phenotype on history, clinical exam, and nerve conduction studies, it may be masked if diagnostic work-up suggests other causes. Case Report. In a 37-year-old male with pseudoradicular lumbar pain, neurological exam revealed sore neck muscles, peripheral facial nerve palsy, right anacusis and left hypoacusis, hemihypesthesia of the right face, mild distal quadriparesis, diffuse wasting, and generally reduced tendon reflexes. He had a history of skull fracture due to a gunshot behind the right ear and tuberculosis for which he had received adequate treatment for 3 years; MRI revealed a disc prolapse at C6/7 and Th11/12. Nerve conduction studies were indicative of demyelinating polyneuropathy with conduction blocks. Despite elevated antinuclear antibodies and elevated CSF-protein, HNPP was diagnosed genetically after having excluded vasculitis, CIDP, radiculopathy, and the side effects of antituberculous treatment. Conclusions. HNPP may manifest with mild, painless, distal quadriparesis. The diagnosis of HNPP may be blurred by a history of tuberculosis, tuberculostatic treatment, hepatitis, and the presence of elevated CSF-protein.
Combined Scleral Flap with Donor Scleral Patch Graft for Anterior Tube Placement in Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery
Authors: Jea H Yu, Chuck Nguyen, Esmeralda Gallemore, Ron P Gallemore
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2016)

Purpose. To report a new technique for anterior placement of tubes for glaucoma drainage devices to reduce the risk of tube erosions. Methods. Retrospective review of select cases of Ahmed Valve surgery combined with the novel method of a limbal-based scleral flap covered by a scleral patch graft to cover the tube at the entrance through the limbus. Intraoperative and postoperative illustrations are shown to highlight the method of tube placement. Results. In this retrospective case series, 3 patients are presented illustrating the technique. Two had neovascular glaucoma and one had primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). On average, intraocular pressure was reduced from 39 ± 14 mmHg to 15 ± 2 mmHg and the number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 4 ± 1 to 0. Preoperative and most recent visual acuities were hand-motion (HM) and HM, 20/60 and 20/50, and 20/70 and 20/30, respectively. Conclusion. The combination of a limbal-based scleral flap with scleral patch graft to cover the tube with glaucoma drainage devices may be an effective means to reduce erosion and protect against endophthalmitis.
Rechallenge with Amisulpride in a Patient with Schizophrenia following a Manic Episode during Previous Therapy
Authors: Li-Yu Hu, Chen-Jee Hong, Shih-Jen Tsai, Cheng-Che Shen
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic. It is also effective in treating depression. The potential antidepressant effect raises the concern that amisulpride can induce mania. However, reports of amisulpride-induced mania have been rare. Here, we present the case of a Taiwanese woman with a 22-year history of schizophrenia. At the age 57 years, she developed manic symptoms while on treatment with amisulpride for six weeks. She was immediately admitted to the psychiatric in-patient unit. The manic symptoms completely subsided within eight days without the administration of any mood stabilizer. Readministration of a single dose of 200 mg amisulpride during hospitalization induced the same manic symptoms, which remitted completely within 24 hours without any mood stabilizer administration.
A rare presentation of imperforate hymen: a case report
Authors: Beena Salhan, Olufunmilayo Theresa Omisore, Priyadarshi Kumar, John Potter
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2013)

Introduction. Acute urinary retention in a child is rare. Haematocolpos can cause a mechanical obstruction, resulting in acute urinary retention. Case Report. A 12-year-old girl presented to the surgical department with a one-day history of acute urinary retention and suprapubic tenderness. She had not started menses but had described period-like pains every month for the past six months. On examination, she had a palpable bladder with over 500 mls of residual urine and a bluish-grey bulge posterior to her urethral meatus. An US scan showed a large mass posterior to her bladder resembling a haematocolpos, and this was confirmed with an MRI scan. She was catheterised and eventually underwent a hymenectomy using a cruciate incision. She made a good recovery postoperatively. Conclusion. In the case of a peripubertal female presenting with acute urinary retention, haematocolpos should be considered as a diagnosis.
Advanced Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation: How to Obtain a Correct Restoration of Both Functions and Aesthetics in Patients with Complex Combined Dental and Maxillofacial Trauma: A Case Report and Topical Review of the Literature
Authors: M M Figliuzzi, A Giudice, L Fortunato
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aim. This study aims to explain the main steps that characterize the implant-prosthetic rehabilitation in complex combined dental and maxillofacial trauma. Material and Methods. A 20-year-old patient reported an extensive facial trauma which also involved the alveolar process of the maxillary bone. The patient reported a maxillofacial fracture and the loss of teeth 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, and 2.1. A "Le Fort" type 2 fracture was also reported, with the malar bone involvement. After reduction and containment of bone fractures, through appropriate mounting plates, appropriate functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the patient were replaced thanks to a temporary removable prosthesis. After 6 months, the patient performed numerous clinical investigations, aimed at a proper planning of implant-prosthetic rehabilitation of the upper dental arch. Conclusion. With the planning of the case, as well as respecting the surrounding biological structures, the surgery of implants can be carried out with the most appropriate procedure. Lastly, new dental implants with highly bioactive surfaces have been developed, providing an excellent and rapid bone integration.
Orbital Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Alessandro Moro, Paolo De Angelis, Giulio Gasparini, Sandro Pelo, Gianluigi Petrone, Emanuela Lucci Cordisco, Umberto Garagiola, Giuseppe D'Amato, Gianmarco Saponaro
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
Desmoid-type fibromatosis is a benign fibrous neoplasia originating from connective tissue, fascial planes, and musculoaponeurotic structures of the muscles. Currently, there is no evidence-based treatment approach available for desmoid fibromatosis. In this article, a case of a patient in the pediatric age affected by desmoid fibromatosis localized in the orbit is presented. The aim of the article is to describe this unusual and rare location for the desmoid fibromatosis and outline the principle phases in the decision-making process and the therapeutic alternatives for a patient affected by desmoid fibromatosis.
Methods:
The protocol of this review included study objectives, search strategy, and selection criteria. The primary end point of this study was to analyze the head and neck desmoid fibromatosis. The secondary end point was to identify the available therapies and assess their specific indications.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 18.9 years ranging from 0 to 66, and 52% were female. A bimodal age distribution was observed, and two age peaks were identified: 0-14 years (57%) and 28-42 years (18%). The most common involved areas were the mandible (25%) followed by the neck (21%). In 86% of the cases, the treatment was the surgical resection of the disease, and only in 5% of the cases, the surgical resection was followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.
Conclusion:
The orbital location is extremely rare, especially in the pediatric population. The management of desmoid fibromatosis is based on the function preservation and the maintenance of a good quality of life, but in case of symptomatic patients or aggressive course of the disease or risk of functional damages, the surgical approach may be considered. Therapeutic alternatives to surgical resection are radiotherapy and systemic therapy.
Early cytological diagnosis of extranodal stage I, primary thyroid Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in elderly patients. Report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Elena Vigliar, Alessia Caleo, Mario Vitale, Vincenzo Di Crescenzo, Alfredo Garzi, Pio Zeppa
Journal: BMC Surg (2013)
MeSH terms: Early Detection of Cancer, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / pathology, Thyroid Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Review, Aged, Female, Humans, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Neoplasm Staging

Background:
Primary thyroid lymphomas (PTLs) account for 5% of thyroid malignant tumors and often develop in patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis (HT). Fine-needle cytology (FNC) is widely used in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, including those arising in HT. Two PTL cases in HT elderly patients are here described and discussed.
Methods:
FNC was performed in rapidly enlarged thyroid nodules of 2 elderly patients under ultrasound (US) control. FNC was used to prepare conventional cytologic smears, immunocytochemistry (ICC) and flow cytometry (FC) assessment of cell populations.
Results:
The above cases were diagnosed as well differentiated, small B-cell and diffuse large B-cell thyroid lymphomas, respectively, by means of FNC. The histological diagnoses were mucosa-associated non Hodgkin lymphoma (MALT) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), confirming FNC diagnoses, and patients were treated accordingly.
Conclusions:
FNC diagnosis of PTL is reliable and accurate; it may be conveniently used in the clinical practice since it provides indications for appropriate therapeutic procedures or diagnostic surgery, and avoids to treat benign nodules.
Crowned Dens Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Pan Huang, Min Xu, Xiao-Ying He
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: case report, crowned dens syndrome, disease diagnosis, literature review, neck pain, odontoid syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Crowned Dens Syndrome (CDS) is the leading cause of acute neck pain and a major cause of reduced neck mobility. The diagnosis of CDS is challenging as clinicians currently have limited awareness of the symptoms of the disease. In this article, we report a case of odontoid syndrome as a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of CDS.
Fallacies of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in detecting sentinel node in breast cancer
Authors: Manoj Pandey, Surya Vs Deo, R Maharajan
Journal: World J Surg Oncol (2005)

BACKGROUND: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is one of the three methods of evaluating sentinel nodes in patients with breast cancer; however, it has been reported to have a high false negative rate. CASE PRESENTATIONS: We report here two cases where the preoperative lymphoscintigraphy was found to be fallacious. A 44-year-old female with T2N0 breast cancer underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy with Tc99 sulfur colloid which failed to show any uptake in axilla or internal mammary chain. Intraoperative scintigraphy with blue dye and hand held gamma probe identified sentinel lymph node in axilla. Another patient with T2N0 lesion underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy which showed a sentinel lymph node in axilla and another in supraclevicular fossa. Intraoperative scintigraphy failed to show supraclevicular node however axillary node was correctly identified. CONCLUSION: These two cases further strengthen the need to carry out triple test in identification of sentinel lymph node in patients with breast cancer. It also demonstrates the fallacies of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy.
Case Report: COVID-19 Infection With Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Mood Disorder: Criticalities in Differential Diagnosis, Therapy and Management of Complications
Authors: Giuseppina Borriello, Lisa Lavatelli, Francesca Ruzzi, Adelaide Panariello, Mauro Emilio Percudani
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2021)
Keywords: covid pandemic, eating disorder, gastrointestinal, liver injury, mood disorder
MeSH terms: Case Reports

During this pandemic Italy was deeply hit by the burden of the COVID-19. Current studies reveal that respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 represent the most common manifestations at presentation. The incidence of less common gastrointestinal symptoms varies significantly among different study populations. Liver injury is also described at different degree. We describe the case of a 20-year-old woman confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 positive by nasopharyngeal swab-PCR test, admitted to the COVID-only-Psychiatric Ward, set up in Niguarda Hospital in Milan on March 2020, for a depressive episode characterized by depressed mood and anorexia. In comorbidity we report a previous avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder present since childhood and a Border Personality Disorder according to the DSM V. On the admission to the ward we administered the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale with a total score of 29 suggesting severe depression. During the hospitalization she developed a clinical picture with increasing vomiting and diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain along with fever and no respiratory symptoms. She also showed abnormalities in liver function indices. At the same time she showed clinophilia and persistent food avoidance that, initially, led to attribute all the symptoms to her psychiatric disorders. We prescribed the already ongoing therapy with lithium carbonate and SSRI. On the second day of hospitalization, along with the worsening of the gastrointestinal symptoms, we started therapy with hydroxychloroquine with a no significant remission of nausea and vomiting but with a further increase in liver function indices suggesting liver damage. This led us to suspend the treatment with hydroxychloroquine for the suspect of a drug induced injury. The depressive symptoms improved rapidly as opposed to the patient's overall condition. The gastrointestinal symptoms resolved with the evidence of the recovery from infection. In this report we underline the importance of investigating the physical symptoms in a patient with a history of mental disorder especially during an undergoing pandemic. During this pandemic, specialists from various fields were called upon to support teams working with COVID patients and to acquire new skills out of necessity, fostering a multidisciplinary approach and cooperation.
Encephalic nocardiosis after mild COVID-19: A case report
Authors: Nadia Bouhamdani, Dominique Comeau, Christine Bourque, Nancy Saulnier
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: nocardia farcinica, brain abscess, coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), nocardiosis, post-acute sequelae of covid-19 (pasc)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) have led to the identification of a complex disease phenotype that is associated with important changes in the immune system. Herein, we describe a unique case of Nocardia farcinica cerebral abscess in an individual with sudden immunodeficiency several months after mild COVID-19. Intravenous Bactrim and Imipenem were prescribed for 6 weeks. After this, a 12-month course of Bactrim and Clavulin was prescribed to be taken orally, given the N. farcinica infection at the level of the central nervous system. This case report highlights the need for future research into the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and PASC immune dysregulation in convalescent individuals. It also draws attention to the need for timely consideration of opportunistic infections in patients with a history of COVID-19.
Lipofibromatous Hamartoma of the Median Nerve: A Case Report
Authors: Ahmed M Elbayer, Sara Alharami, Ahmed H Elhessy
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: lfh, lipofibroma, lipofibromatous hamartoma, median nerve, median nerve entrapment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lipofibromatous hamartoma (LFH) is a rare benign peripheral nerve tumor. The median nerve (MN) is most commonly affected in the upper extremity. We report a case of a 39-year-old male with LFH of the median nerve presented with swelling and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome treated successfully with decompression. LFH is reported with various descriptions because of the proliferative nature of its adipocytes and the fibrofatty infiltration within the peripheral nerves. Swelling around the volar aspect of the wrist remains the most frequent presentation of LFH. Surgical decompression without tumor resection can result in symptom improvement. In addition, post-decompression nerve coverage can be a solution to improve the residual hyperesthesia symptoms.