OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
The outcomes and usefulness of Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography in vitreoretinal surgery and its impact on surgical decision making
Authors: Rayyan Zakir, Kashif Iqbal, Muhammad Hassaan Ali, Umair Tariq Mirza, Khalid Mahmood, Sidrah Riaz, Nauman Hashmani
Journal: Rom J Ophthalmol (2022)
Keywords: leica enfocus, intraoperative optical coherence tomography, macular hole, retinal detachment, vitreoretinal surgery
MeSH terms: Epiretinal Membrane, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Surgery / methods, Adult, Decision Making, Humans, Middle Aged, Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods, Young Adult

Objective. To evaluate the utility of intraoperative OCT and its influence on the surgeon's decision during vitreoretinal surgery. Methods. This was a pilot, prospective case series conducted at a tertiary care ophthalmology department in Lahore, Pakistan. Sixteen patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgeries were included using the Leica Enfocus microscope integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (IOCT). We also investigated the changes in surgical decision making based on the findings revealed by IOCT using a questionnaire. Results. 16 patients with a mean age of 40.6 ± 19.0 (range: 11-66) years, were included in the study; one case of acute postoperative endophthalmitis could not be imaged. The surgeon had to modify surgical decisions in four (26.7%) cases. IOCT clearly delineated various tissue planes for efficient and safe surgical dissection in pathologies such as posterior vitreous detachment, vitreomacular traction and epiretinal membranes. Furthermore, it also helped identifying perfluorocarbon-retina interface. Conclusions. The intraoperative OCT modality is a feasible and useful intraoperative imaging technique for various kinds of vitreoretinal disorders. The decision making of the surgeon was modified in a quarter of the cases after the use of this newer modality.
A Giant Gastroschisis Associated with Pulmonary Hypoplasia and Spinal Anomaly: A Case Report and a Literature Review
Authors: Surasak Puvabanditsin, Robin Burger, Vidya Puthenpura, Lauren Walzer, Adaora Madubuko, Christine Minerowicz, Rajeev Mehta
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gastroschisis most often occurs as an isolated anomaly and extragastrointestinal associations are rare. Most commonly, the anomalies associated with gastroschisis are cardiac and central nervous system abnormalities. Respiratory insufficiency has sometimes been reported in association with giant abdominal wall defects. Poor outcomes and prolonged ventilator support have been reported in giant gastroschisis and omphalocele, especially if associated with herniation of the majority of the liver. We report a case of a large gastroschisis that was associated with a kyphoscoliosis and pulmonary hypoplasia.
Patent ductus arteriosus in a lamb: A case report
Authors: Afshin Jafari Dehkordi, Farzaneh Hoseini
Journal: Vet Res Forum (2016)
Keywords: echocardiography, lamb, necropsy, patent ductus arteriosus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent patency of a vessel normally present in the fetus that connects the pulmonary arterial system to the aorta. The ductus arteriosus fails to close at birth when breathing commences and placental blood circulation is removed. Closure of the ductus arteriosus arises in response to decline pulmonary vascular resistance and increased systemic vascular resistance. This report describes a case of PDA in a two-month-old male lamb with clinical signs of machinery murmur, tachycardia, increase respiratory rate, weakness and ill thrift. Echocardiographic examination and necropsy finding confirmed PDA.
Anti-rituximab antibodies in patients with refractory autoimmune nodopathy with anti-neurofascin-155 antibody
Authors: Yunfei Bai, Wei Li, Chuanzhu Yan, Ying Hou, Qinzhou Wang
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: anti-neurofascin 155 antibody, anti-rituximab antibody, nodopathy, peripheral b cells, rituximab
MeSH terms: Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / diagnosis, Tremor, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Autoantibodies, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Humans, Hypesthesia, Immunoglobulin G, Male, Muscle Weakness, Rituximab / therapeutic use, Rituximab, Autoantibodies, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Immunoglobulin G

Background:
Recent studies have reported that similar to other IgG4 autoimmune diseases, such as muscle-specific kinase antibody-associated myasthenia gravis, most anti-neurofascin-155 (anti-NF155) nodopathies respond well to rituximab treatment, regardless of the dosage. However, there are still a few patients for which rituximab is ineffective for unknown reasons. Currently, there are no studies on the mechanism of ineffective treatment with rituximab.
Methods:
A 33-year-old Chinese man presenting with numbness, tremor, and muscle weakness for 4 years was recruited for this study. Anti-NF155 antibodies were identified by cell-based assay and confirmed by immunofluorescence assay on teased fibers. The anti-NF155 immunoglobulin (IgG) subclasses were also detected by immunofluorescence assay. Anti-rituximab antibodies (ARAs) were quantitatively analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and peripheral B cell counts were determined by flow cytometry.
Results:
The patient exhibited anti-NF155 IgG4-antibody positivity. After the first round of rituximab infusion, the patient showed stratified outcomes with improvements in numbness, muscle weakness and ambulation. However, after three rounds of rituximab infusion, the patient's symptoms deteriorated, and the numbness, tremor and muscle weakness returned. No obvious improvement was found after plasma exchange and another round of rituximab treatment. 14 days after the last treatment with rituximab, ARAs were detected. And the titers gradually decreased on day 28 and 60 but remained higher than normal. Peripheral CD19+ B cell counts were less than 1% within the 2-month period following the final rituximab administration.
Conclusions:
In this study, ARAs presented in a patient with anti-NF155 nodopathy undergoing rituximab treatment and showed an unfavorable impact on rituximab efficacy. This is the first case to report the occurrence of ARAs in patients with anti-NF155 antibodies. We suggest that ARAs should be tested early during the initial intervention, especially in patients who respond poorly to rituximab treatment. In addition, we believe it is necessary to investigate the association between ARAs and B cell counts, their effect on clinical efficacy, and their potential adverse reactions in a larger cohort of patients with anti-NF155 nodopathy.
Traumatic Blunt Force Renal Injury in a Diseased Horseshoe Kidney with Successful Embolization to Treat Active Bleeding: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chonlada Krutsri, Pongsasit Singhatas, Preeda Sumpritpradit, Chunlaches Chaijareenont, Wit Viseshsindh, Tharin Thampongsa, Pattawia Choikrua
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Blunt force injuries in patients with preexisting kidney disease account for 19% of all kidney injuries, suggesting that diseased kidneys are more vulnerable than normal kidneys. When a horseshoe kidney (a rare anomaly: prevalence of 0.2%) is injured, treatment is challenging, especially when nonoperative management is desired. In high-grade blunt force normal kidney injury, nonoperative management has high succession rate (94.8%) with kidney-related complication (13.6%). Surgical reconstruction and preservation of a damaged horseshoe kidney is difficult because of variations in its vascular anatomy. We report successful nonoperative management of a blunt horseshoe kidney injury with active bleeding and review previous outcomes and complications. Case Presentation. A 57-year-old man had a head-on collision motorcycle road traffic accident. On arrival, blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg, pulse rate 140 bpm, and clear yellow urine output 200 ml. The patient was transiently responsive to fluid and blood component. Whole body computed tomography showed a high-volume retroperitoneal hematoma and multiple-lacerated lower pole of the kidney, compatible with preexisting horseshoe kidney disease with active contrast-enhanced extravasation from the accessory right renal artery. Embolization was performed. Renal function, transiently impaired after embolization, normalized on day 3. An infected hematoma found on day 7 was successfully controlled with antibiotics. His recovery was uneventful. At the 6-month follow-up, his serum creatinine level had returned to normal. The average age of blunt force horseshoe kidney injury is 31.75 years and occurred more common in male (87.5%).
Conclusion:
Diseased horseshoe kidneys are prone to injury even with low-velocity impact such as a road traffic accident speed < 15 km/h. Embolization is considered the first choice for management, with its high clinical success rate leading to less need for surgical repair. Not removing a hematoma is likely to result in complications. If embolization fails to stop bleeding, life-saving surgical exploration should be mandated.
Posterior Urethral Polyp: First Holmium-YAG Laser Ablation on a 3-Month-Old Infant
Authors: Fatih Ozkaya, Ercument Keskin, Turgut Yapanoglu, Senol Adanur, Tevfik Ziypak, Mehmet Sefa Altay, Yılmaz Aksoy
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Urethral polyps are rare benign pathologies seen in the male posterior urethra, more frequently originating from verumontanum. In this article, we aimed to discuss diagnosis and treatment of a urethral polyp causing hematuria and urinary infection in a 3-month-old male infant. This is the first case in the literature in which a urethral polyp is treated with Holmium yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser.
Case presentation:
The patient was a 3-month-old male infant, and complains were hematuria and crying during micturition. Ultrasonography and voiding cystourethrogram were used for diagnosis. Urethral polyp was observed on urethrocystoscopy. Ablation was performed with a newborn cystoscope.
Conclusion:
Urethral polyp can cause hematuria and urinary obstruction and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pathologies such as posterior urethral valve and cecoureterocele that could cause infravesical obstruction. Holmium-YAG laser is a good choice of treatment with easy application possibilities using a newborn cystoscope, especially for newborns and infants who have thin urethra.
Primary yolk sac tumour of the urinary bladder: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wing Ho Mui, Ka Chai Lee, Sin Chuen Chiu, Chun Yin Pang, Sau Kwan Chu, Chi Wai Man, Chi Sing Wong, Wing Kin Sze, Yuk Tung
Journal: Oncol Lett (2014)
Keywords: ketamine abuse, urinary bladder, yolk sac tumour

We present a case of rare primary yolk sac tumour of the urinary bladder in adulthood. A 31-year-old female patient presented with a history of chronic ketamine abuse, which has not previously been shown to be associated with malignancy development. The final diagnosis was established only after radical cystectomy. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed paraaortic lymph node metastasis. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy. A review of the literature revealed that surgical excision and cisplatin-based chemotherapy remain to be the standard of care for extragonadal yolk sac tumours.
Autogenous Transplantation for Replacing a Hopeless Tooth
Authors: Mehrsa Zakershahrak, Amirabbas Moshari, Mehdi Vatanpour, Zohreh Khalilak, Afsoon Jalali Ara
Journal: Iran Endod J (2017)
Keywords: auto-transplantation, autogenous, endodontic, surgical procedure, third molar
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Autogenous tooth transplantation (ATT) is a simple and reasonable choice for replacing the missing teeth when a proper donor tooth is available. This report presents a case of successful ATT of a maxillary right third molar for replacement of mandibular right second molar with a concomitant endodontic-periodontal disease. The mandibular second molar was believed to be hopeless due to a severe damage to coronal tooth structure, inappropriate root canal treatment and apical radiolucency. After extraction of mandibular second molar and maxillary third molar (the donor), the tooth was re-implanted into the extracted socket of second molar site. Root canal therapy was then performed. After 3 years, clinical and radiographic examinations revealed satisfying results, with no signs and symptoms. The patient is asymptomatic and the transplanted tooth is still functional with no signs of marginal periodontal pathosis. Radiographies showed bone regeneration in the site of previous extensive periapical lesion, normal periodontal ligament with no signs of root resorption.
Brevibacterium Bacteremia in the Setting of Pyogenic Liver Abscess: A Case Report with Accompanying Literature Review
Authors: Sarah Hossain, Afif Hossain, Aldo Barajas-Ochoa, Michael A Jaker
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 71-year-old Pakistani man with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presenting with worsening mental status, abdominal pain, and oral intake for the past seven days was found to have pyogenic hepatic abscess with unculturable bacteria and subsequently found to have rare Brevibacterium bacteremia.
Mirrizi Syndrome and Markedly Elevated Levels of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 in the Absence of Malignant Disease
Authors: Natasha Shah, Eula Tetangco, Hafiz Muhammad Sharjeel Arshad, Hareth Raddawi
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) beyond 1000 U/L occurs in nonneoplastic conditions which is causing questioning of the use of CA19-9 as a marker for screening. We report a case where a 51-year-old male with Mirrizi Syndrome (MS) presented with markedly increased CA19-9 level (4,618 U/mL). MS is a rare complication characterized by compression of the common bile or hepatic duct caused by an impacted gallstone in the cystic duct or neck of the gallbladder. Biliary epithelial cells secrete CA19-9: it is hypothesized that increased proliferation of such cells caused by inflammation leads to increased secretion. CA19-9 should not be used as a diagnostic tool, but rather for surveillance.
Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome: A Rare Clinical Report of Oral Rehabilitation by Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Talib Amin Naqash, Ibrahim Alshahrani, Siripan Simasetha
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a very rare genetic disorder that affects various tissues of ectodermal and mesodermal origin; patients with EVC present with typical oral deficiencies. The affected individuals are quite young at the time of oral evaluation. It is, therefore, important that these individuals are diagnosed and receive dental treatment at an early age for their physiologic and psychosocial well-being. Albeit there are numerous articles penned on the EVC, the treatise from an oral perspective is inadequate, covering only oral exhibitions and the preventive treatments. This article reviews the literature and serves as the first disquisition for oral rehabilitation of an EVC patient utilizing surgical, orthodontic, restorative, and prosthodontic management.
Case Report: Don't chew the fufu: a case report of suspected drug body stuffing
Authors: Naya Jimenez, Nguyen Toan Tran, Pierre-Alexandre Poletti, Alexandra Platon, Francesco Meach, André Juillerat, Laurent Getaz, Hans Wolff
Journal: F1000Res (2019)
Keywords: bodystuffing, bodypacking, fufu/foofoo/foufou, prison, radiology pitfalls
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Intrabody concealment of illicit substances is a common practice in the trafficking chain. Body packing is a technique used in drug trafficking that consists of deliberately ingesting many drug pellets. Body stuffing consists of precipitously swallowing packets of substances, which are smaller and more fragile than body-packing pellets, for concealment from law-enforcement officers in anticipation of impending search or arrest. Therefore, body stuffing is particularly dangerous due to the rupture risk of the loosely wrapped drug packets, which could lead to substance intoxication or even death. Case presentation: This article reports the case of a young man who was taken by law enforcement authorities to our Emergency Department for investigation of suspected body stuffing. Although the patient denied the facts, the initial reading of the computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of multiple images compatible with drug pellets, which were mostly in the stomach. The pellet findings were more consistent with body packing than body stuffing as initially suspected by the police. However, upon admission to our secured inpatient ward for clinical surveillance of pellet evacuation, the patient denied again having ingested such pellets, and declared that he only ate 'fufu'. Fufu is a traditional food of central and western Africa consisting of a starchy preparation compacted by hand into small balls. Fufu balls are usually swallowed without chewing to allow a sensation of stomach fullness throughout the day. Considering the fufu intake history, a careful reassessment of the imaging confirmed the presence of food content. Conclusions: This case study offers an example of suspected intrabody concealment of illicit substances, which turned out to be false positive due to fufu. It illustrates the importance of a history of food intake that could bias the interpretation of CT scan images.
Cardiopulmonary Collapse during Labour
Authors: Vasilis Sitras, Lasse Raatiniemi, Kristina Larsby, Claus Klingenberg
Journal: Anesthesiol Res Pract (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cardiopulmonary collapse during labour is a catastrophic event caused by various medical, surgical and obstetrical conditions. It is an emergency that threatens the life of the mother and her unborn child. We present a case of a pregnant woman who suffered from preeclampsia and underwent induction of labour. Severe lung edema occurred early in labour that caused cardiopulmonary collapse. Advanced heart-lung resuscitation was established immediately and continued until an emergency cesarean section was performed few minutes later. The outcome was favourable for both mother and child. We further discuss some aspects of the pathophysiology and appropriate treatment of cardiorespiratory arrest during labour, which involves the coordinated action of the obstetric, pediatric and surgical ward personnel.
Be aware of wires in the veins: a case of superior vena cava syndrome in a patient with permanent pacemaker
Authors: Agegnehu T Gebreyes, Hom Nath Pant, Donna M Williams, Sapna P Kuehl
Journal: J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect (2012)
Keywords: pacemakers, veins, vena cava syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is an unusual complication of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. It is believed to be due to SVC thrombosis with or without stenosis induced by endothelial disruption from repeated mechanical trauma by the leads. A 58-year-old man presented with gradual swelling of his face, neck, and upper extremities of 10 days duration. A pacemaker had been implanted for symptomatic bradycardia over 5 years ago. Venous Doppler and venogram revealed thrombosis and stenosis of the SVC. He was treated with multimodal therapy and was discharged with complete resolution of his symptoms.
Pelvic inflammatory disease in the form of peritoneal abscess complicating late pregnancy
Authors: H Mahesha Navada, B Poornima Ramachandra Bhat
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the form of peritoneal abscess during pregnancy is almost unheard entity. Early and antenatal diagnosis may be difficult or may be revealed only during caesarean section. We report a case of peritoneal abscess secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease incidentally found at repeat caesarean section. It was managed by conservative surgical approach.
A Novel WRN Frameshift Mutation Identified by Multiplex Genetic Testing in a Family with Multiple Cases of Cancer
Authors: Liu Yang, Guosheng Wang, Xinyi Zhao, Song Ye, Peng Shen, Weilin Wang, Shusen Zheng
Journal: PLoS One (2015)
MeSH terms: Adenocarcinoma / genetics, Endometrial Neoplasms / genetics, Exodeoxyribonucleases / genetics, Frameshift Mutation, Lung Neoplasms / genetics, Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / genetics, RecQ Helicases / genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, DEAD-box RNA Helicases / genetics, Exodeoxyribonucleases / chemistry, Female, Gene Library, Genes, Neoplasm, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Proteins / genetics, RecQ Helicases / chemistry, Ribonuclease III / genetics, Werner Syndrome Helicase, ELAC2 protein, human, Neoplasm Proteins, Exodeoxyribonucleases, DICER1 protein, human, Ribonuclease III, RecQ Helicases, WRN protein, human, Werner Syndrome Helicase, DEAD-box RNA Helicases

Next-generation sequencing technology allows simultaneous analysis of multiple susceptibility genes for clinical cancer genetics. In this study, multiplex genetic testing was conducted in a Chinese family with multiple cases of cancer to determine the variations in cancer predisposition genes. The family comprises a mother and her five daughters, of whom the mother and the eldest daughter have cancer and the secondary daughter died of cancer. We conducted multiplex genetic testing of 90 cancer susceptibility genes using the peripheral blood DNA of the mother and all five daughters. WRN frameshift mutation is considered a potential pathogenic variation according to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics. A novel WRN frameshift mutation (p.N1370Tfs*23) was identified in the three cancer patients and in the youngest unaffected daughter. Other rare non-synonymous germline mutations were also detected in DICER and ELAC2. Functional mutations in WRN cause Werner syndrome, a human autosomal recessive disease characterized by premature aging and associated with genetic instability and increased cancer risk. Our results suggest that the WRN frameshift mutation is important in the surveillance of other members of this family, especially the youngest daughter, but the pathogenicity of the novel WRN frameshift mutation needs to be investigated further. Given its extensive use in clinical genetic screening, multiplex genetic testing is a promising tool in clinical cancer surveillance.
Darbepoetin Alfa in Young Infants With Renal Failure: Single Center Experience, a Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Anna Maria Libudzic-Nowak, Francois Cachat, Manuel Pascual, Hassib Chehade
Journal: Front Pediatr (2018)
Keywords: anemia, chronic kidney disease, darbepoetin alfa, infant, pediatric
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Anemia treatment in infants with advanced or chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents an important challenge to nephrologists. The use of darbepoetin alfa, a novel erythropoiesis stimulating agent, has largely replaced recombinant human erythropoietin in older children and in adults with CKD. However, studies reporting the use of darbepoetin alfa in infants below 1 year of age are rare. Case presentation: We report the data of three infants with advanced stage kidney failure, aged 1, 4, and 7 months, who were treated with darbepoetin alfa and followed for 18-41 months. Hemoglobin levels increased in all three patients, reaching the target levels of 10.7-12 g/dl by 11, 19, and 22 weeks respectively, without any documented adverse effects. Patients younger than 1 year of age required a larger darbepoetin alfa dosage (ranged from 1.2 to 2.9 μg/kg per month) as compared to older children. A review of the literature found only three studies using darbepoetin alfa successfully in such young infants, with similar dosage and clinical success. Conclusion: In these three patients with advanced kidney disease, darbepoetin alfa was effective in correcting anemia with no observed side effects. It reinforces its potential use in very young patients with advanced CKD.