OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Idiopathic Bilateral Pneumoparotid
Authors: Sean Ramsey, Rachel Ely
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: crepitus, mandibular swelling, otolaryngology emergency, pediatric, pneumoparotid, subcutaneous air
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 10-year-old female presented with atraumatic bilateral mandibular swelling. Through imaging and exam she was found to have bilateral pneumoparotid. This is a rare cause of facial swelling that is primarily discussed in otolaryngology literature and relatively unknown in emergency medicine. The presentation can lead to infectious and allergic workups that are unnecessary for the patient. Benign in nature, pneumoparotid is easily diagnosed if an appropriate exam and imaging are completed. Ensuring adequate follow-up and prophylactic treatment with antibiotics are vital to preventing infection.
Acute myeloid leukemia with t(7;21)(p22;q22) and 5q deletion: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jianling Ji, Eric Loo, Sheeja Pullarkat, Lynn Yang, Carlos A Tirado
Journal: Exp Hematol Oncol (2014)
Keywords: aml, acute myeloid leukemia, runx1, usp42, t(7, 21), t(7, 21)(p22, q22)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The gene RUNX1 at chromosome 21q22 encodes the alpha subunit of Core binding factor (CBF), a heterodimeric transcription factor involved in the development of normal hematopoiesis. Translocations of RUNX1 are seen in several types of leukemia with at least 21 identified partner genes. The cryptic t(7;21)(p22;q22) rearrangement involving the USP42 gene appears to be a specific and recurrent cytogenetic abnormality. Eight of the 9 cases identified in the literature with this translocation were associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with the remaining case showing refractory anemia with excess blasts, type 2. Herein, we present a patient with two preceding years of leukopenia and one year of anemia prior to the diagnosis of AML, NOS with monocytic differentiation (myelomonocytic leukemia) whose conventional cytogenetics showed an abnormal clone with 5q deletion. Interphase FISH using LSI RUNX1/RUNXT1 showed three signals for RUNX1. FISH studies on previously G-banded metaphases showed the extra RUNX1 signal on the short arm of chromosome 7. Further characterization using the subtelomeric 7p probe showed a cryptic 7;21 translocation. Our case and eight previously reported leukemic cases with the t(7;21)(p22;q22) appear to share similar features including monocytic differentiation, immunophenotypic aberrancies (often with CD56 and/or CD7), and a generally poor response to standard induction chemotherapy. About 80% of these cases had loss of 5q material as an additional abnormality at initial diagnosis or relapse. These findings suggest that t(7;21) may represent a distinct recurrent cytogenetic abnormality associated with AML. The association between the t(7;21) and 5q aberrancies appears to be non-random, however the pathogenetic connection remains unclear. Additional studies to evaluate for RUNX1 partner genes may be considered for AML patients with RUNX1 rearrangement and 5q abnormalities; however knowledge of the prognostic implications of this rearrangement is still limited.
Case Report: Successful Treatment of Kaposi's Sarcoma With Anlotinib in an HIV-Negative Patient After the Treatment of Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Accessory Tragus
Authors: Min Lin, Renwei Luo, Peng Zhang, Zhixun Xiao, Ting Gong, Chao Ji
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: dress, hhv-8, kaposi’s sarcoma, anlotinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is a neoplasm derived from endothelial cells and is associated with human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection. It is mostly seen in patients suffering from AIDS and/or chronic immunosuppression. Currently, systemic chemotherapy is the primary treatment option for the advanced KS. However, there is no consensus on the treatment of KS. In this case, an 84-year-old man with a history of psoriasis developed multiple painful dark purple nodules on the trunk and extremities during the treatment of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). KS was confirmed by the skin biopsy, and the immunohistochemical staining demonstrated the positivity for HHV-8 while the anti-HIV test was negative. The patient then received anlotinib treatment, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for 5 months, and his skin lesions subsided. This case indicates that anlotinib may be a potential treatment option for KS.
Gingival Cyst of Newborn
Authors: Aman Moda
Journal: Int J Clin Pediatr Dent (2011)
Keywords: gingival cyst, newborn
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gingival cyst of newborn is an oral mucosal lesion of transient nature. Although it is very common lesion within 3 to 6 weeks of birth, it is very rare to visualize the lesion thereafter. Presented here is a case report of gingival cyst, which was visible just after 15 days of birth. Clinical diagnoses of these conditions are important in order to avoid unnecessary therapeutic procedure and provide suitable information to parents about the nature of the lesion.
Diffuse Spontaneous Laryngeal Hemorrhage with Trastuzumab
Authors: Lauren Klute, Matthew Solverson, Christopher M Bingcang, Jayme R Dowdall
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Drug-induced epithelial hemorrhage of the endolarynx is an unusual etiology of hemoptysis. We present a case of hemoptysis in a young female patient undergoing treatment for metastatic breast cancer with trastuzumab emtansine. Though previously associated with diffuse spontaneous hemorrhage of the gingiva, there have not been reports of laryngeal hemorrhage with trastuzumab emtansine treatment. In this case report, we suggest that trastuzumab emtansine played a contributory role in the development of diffuse epithelial laryngeal hemorrhage and describe the pathophysiology, history, laryngoscopic findings, and management of this condition.
Automated semantic annotation of rare disease cases: a case study
Authors: Maria Taboada, Hadriana Rodríguez, Diego Martínez, María Pardo, María Jesús Sobrido
Journal: Database (Oxford) (2014)
MeSH terms: Data Mining, Rare Diseases / pathology, Semantics, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Automation, Biological Ontologies, Humans, PubMed

Motivation:
As the number of clinical reports in the peer-reviewed medical literature keeps growing, there is an increasing need for online search tools to find and analyze publications on patients with similar clinical characteristics. This problem is especially critical and challenging for rare diseases, where publications of large series are scarce. Through an applied example, we illustrate how to automatically identify new relevant cases and semantically annotate the relevant literature about patient case reports to capture the phenotype of a rare disease named cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis.
Results:
Our results confirm that it is possible to automatically identify new relevant case reports with a high precision and to annotate them with a satisfactory quality (74% F-measure). Automated annotation with an emphasis to entirely describe all phenotypic abnormalities found in a disease may facilitate curation efforts by supplying phenotype retrieval and assessment of their frequency. Availability and Supplementary information: http://www.usc.es/keam/Phenotype Annotation/. Database URL: http://www.usc.es/keam/PhenotypeAnnotation/
Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath in Guyon's canal causing ulnar tunnel syndrome. A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ben S Francisco, Jayant P Agarwal
Journal: Eplasty (2009)

Objective:
Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath is a rare cause of ulnar tunnel syndrome. We present a case of a 37-year-old woman who presented with decreased sensation and weakness of grip of the right hand. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated the presence of a mass in the hypothenar eminence and showed that the mass was associated with the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon and displacing the ulnar neurovascular bundle. A differential diagnosis included desmoid tumor and sarcoma.
Methods:
Surgical examination showed a mass that was associated with the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon and flexor retinaculum located in the distal portion of Guyon's canal and intertwined with the ulnar nerve and displacing the ulnar artery. The mass was removed and Guyon's canal was released.
Results:
Histological examination indicated a diagnosis of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS). Postoperatively, the patient had fully restored sensory and motor function of the right hand.
Conclusions:
Although GCTTS is the most common solid, soft-tissue lesion of the hand, it is rarely diagnosed properly preoperatively. Therefore, it is imperative to always include GCTTS in the differential diagnosis of any mass of the hand.
Case Report: FDG-PET/CT findings in co-infection of visceral leishmaniasis and chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Hui Feng, Wenli Dai
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2023)
Keywords: pet/ct, clinical characteristic, diagnosis, hepatitis b virus infection, visceral leishmaniasis
MeSH terms: Coinfection, Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications, Leishmaniasis, Visceral / diagnosis, Leishmaniasis, Visceral / diagnostic imaging, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy, Lymphoma, Case Reports, Adult, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18

Visceral leishmaniasis is an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Herein, we report a case of an adult male patient with a persistent fever of unknown origin, along with chronic hepatitis B. The patient underwent bone marrow aspiration twice, which revealed hemophagocytosis. Abdomen enhanced CT revealed splenomegaly with a persistent strengthening of multiple nodules, and hemangiomas were diagnosed. A subsequent 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT scan, which was implemented to search for the reason for the fever, showed diffuse splenic disease uptake, and splenic lymphoma was considered as the diagnosis. His clinical symptoms improved after receiving hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) chemotherapy. However, the patient was readmitted for fever again only 2 months later. Splenectomy surgery is performed to confirm the diagnosis and classification of lymphoma. Visceral leishmaniasis was eventually diagnosed in a spleen specimen and the third bone marrow biopsy. He received treatment with lipid amphotericin B and remained recurrence-free for 1 year. In this paper, we aim to provide detailed information that will help further our understanding of the clinical symptoms and radiographic findings of visceral leishmaniasis.
Rare Case of Primary Pulmonary Pleomorphic Liposarcoma Treated With Multimodal Therapy
Authors: Treshita Dey, Divya Khosla, Divyesh Kumar, Debajyoti Chatterjee, Renu Madan, Harjeet Singh, Harkant Singh, Rakesh Kapoor
Journal: Ochsner J (2021)
Keywords: liposarcoma, peritoneal metastasis, primary pulmonary sarcoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLS) is a very rare type of primary pulmonary sarcoma. Clinical data about these tumors are limited, and optimal treatment has not yet been defined. Case Report: A 32-year-old male presented with pain and heaviness over the right chest. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the chest showed a heterogeneous hypodense pleural-based mass and a mediastinal mass. The patient was treated with chemoradiotherapy, followed by excision and adjuvant chemotherapy. Seven months after completion of treatment, he presented with an abdominopelvic mass and soft tissue peritoneal deposits. The mass was resected, and second line chemotherapy resulted in a partial response. The patient was routinely followed. Six months after completion of the second round of chemotherapy, CECT showed multiple soft tissue deposits in the right lumbar region, right hemipelvis, and presacral region with no evidence of pulmonary disease. Chemotherapy elicited a partial response. Three years from the date of diagnosis, the patient was alive with stable disease. Conclusion: This case is unique because of the rare primary site of PLS presentation and the rare presentation of peritoneal metastasis. Citing such cases would help us to define adequate treatment protocols for this aggressive tumor.
Reversible Thrombocytopenia after Gabapentin in an HIV-Positive Patient
Authors: Mohammed Basith, Andrew Francis, Alfredo Bellon
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gabapentin has become increasingly used in psychiatric practice specifically for anxiety disorders. Even though gabapentin is not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat anxiety, physicians sometimes use it as an alternative to benzodiazepines in patients with a history of substance abuse. Gabapentin is also prescribed when individuals are at risk of thrombocytopenia which is not considered a side effect. Among patients at risk of thrombocytopenia are those positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we present a case of an HIV-positive man who presented for inpatient psychiatric care with severe anxiety and a history of alcohol and benzodiazepine abuse. In this patient, gabapentin worsened thrombocytopenia after repeated exposure to this medication. We suggest caution when considering gabapentin for patients with preexisting low platelet counts, as there seems to be a risk for worsening thrombocytopenia with this antiepileptic in the presence of HIV infection.
Bilateral macular hemorrhage as a complication of drug-induced anemia: a case report
Authors: Rubens N Belfort, Bruno F Fernandes, André Romano, Ricardo Nose, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Eduardo V Navajas, Garles Mm Vieira, Renato Delascio Lopes, Rubens Belfort Jr
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2009)

Introduction:
Bilateral macular hemorrhage is a rare ocular finding and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of such hemorrhages as a presentation of drug-induced anemia.
Case presentation:
We describe the case of a 14-year-old Caucasian boy who presented with a toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis and was treated with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine. Three months later, he presented with a bilateral macular hemorrhage as a complication of a toxic induced anemia.
Conclusion:
Our patient presented with toxic anemia secondary to the treatment of a very common disease, ocular toxoplasmosis. Prophylactic use of folinic acid could prevent such complications but in many cases, it is not prescribed owing to its cost or is mistakenly substituted with folic acid, which does not present as a valid substitute.
Optical coherence tomography findings of retinal folds in nanophthalmos
Authors: F Nilüfer Yalçındağ, Huban Atilla, Figen Batıoğlu
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aim. To report the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in three members of the same family with nanophthalmos associated with elevated papillomacular retinal fold. Methods. Complete ophthalmic examination as well as ultrasonography and OCT was performed in all patients. Results. Axial lengths ranged from 16.75 mm to 17.48 mm and refractive errors ranged from +17.50 D to +20.50 D. Main fundus findings were the hyperopic crowded, cupless optic disc, and retinal fold through papillomacular region. Macular OCT scans revealed retinal fold with normal retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris. Interpretation. It is presumed that the retinal folds in nanophthalmos result from a redundancy of the retinal layer caused by retarded growth of the scleral, choroidal, and retinal pigment epithelial layers. The anatomic information provided by the current study is consistent with this thesis.
Variations in the presentation of aphasia in patients with closed head injuries
Authors: Dara Oliver Kavanagh, Conor Lynam, Thorsten Düerk, Mary Casey, Paul W Eustace
Journal: Case Rep Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Impairments of speech and language are important consequences of head injury as they compromise interaction between the patient and others. A large spectrum of communication deficits can occur. There are few reports in the literature of aphasia following closed head injury despite the common presentation of closed head injury. Herein we report two cases of closed head injuries with differing forms of aphasia. We discuss their management and rehabilitation and present a detailed literature review on the topic. In a busy acute surgical unit one can dismiss aphasia following head injury as behaviour related to intoxication. Early recognition with prolonged and intensive speech and language rehabilitation therapy yields a favourable outcome as highlighted in our experience. These may serve as a reference for clinicians faced with this unusual outcome.
Isolated Splenic Cold Abscesses with Perisplenic Extension: Treated Successfully without Splenectomy
Authors: Mohan Khadka, Ravi Pradhan
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Splenic tuberculosis (TB) in the form of multiple splenic cold abscesses with perisplenic extensions is a rare disease, especially in an immunocompetent host. It demonstrates diagnostic complexity, which makes identification of the disease difficult. We report a case of an immunocompetent adult male who presented with fever, pain in the left lower chest, decreased appetite, and significant weight loss. On physical examination, he had tenderness in the left lower infra-axillary region and Traube's space dullness without palpable spleen. Ultrasound-guided aspiration of the abscess fluid revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No primary focus of the infection was detected in the lungs or any other organs. The patient was successfully treated with antitubercular therapy (ATT).
Cancer and anorexia nervosa in the adolescence: a family-based systemic intervention
Authors: Gabriella De Benedetta, Ida Bolognini, Silvia D'Ovidio, Antonello Pinto
Journal: Int J Family Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective. Anorexia nervosa is difficult to diagnose in cancer patients since weight loss, aversion for food, and eating disturbances are frequent in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, efforts are mandatory to recognize and manage this condition which may occur also in cancer patients with a special regard to adolescents. Methods. Through the clinical history of Anna, a 15-year-old adolescent with advanced cancer, we describe the effectiveness of a family-based systemic intervention to manage anorexia nervosa occurring in concomitance to osteosarcoma. Results. Through a two-year psychotherapy period involving different techniques applied to the whole family such as family genogram, family collage, and sculpture of family time, Anna was relieved from her condition. Conclusions. Upon early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, anorexia nervosa can be effectively approached in adolescent cancer patients. The presence of a life-threatening medical condition such as cancer may provide motivation for a patient to control disordered eating behavior in the context of an appropriate family-based systemic intervention. The general frame of anorexia occurring in cancer-bearing adolescents is reviewed and discussed.
Successful emergency transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the setting of hemodynamically unstable prosthetic aortic valve stenosis
Authors: Muhammad Ishaq, Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Amir Shahbaz, Jayanth G Vedre, Alon Yarkoni, Rhianna Malovrh, Juan Mesa
Journal: J Cardiovasc Thorac Res (2022)
Keywords: acute decompensated heart failure, prosthetic aortic valve stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve replacement
MeSH terms: Case Reports

FDA approved transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for the treatment of symptomatic aortic valve (AV) stenosis. Recent evidence reveals that TAVR is the treatment of choice in most patients with AV stenosis who are at high risk for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Per AHA guidelines, repeat valve replacement has been recommended for bio-prosthetic AV stenosis. Urgent TAVR for hemodynamically unstable patients with prosthetic AV stenosis is not supported by significant scientific data. However, there have been a few cases reported on emergency TAVR procedures in hemodynamically unstable patients with severe native AV stenosis. We are reporting a unique case of successful emergency TAVR in a hemodynamically unstable patient, who had severe symptomatic bio-prosthetic AV stenosis at the time of presentation.
Deciduosis in a cesarean scar
Authors: Toyaja Jadhav, Rohini Doshetty
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2022)
Keywords: cesarean section, cicatrix, embryo implantation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Deciduosis is the presence of ectopic decidual tissue outside the uterus, pelvic, or abdominal organs usually associated with pregnancy. Cutaneous deciduosis is a highly uncommon manifestation of deciduosis and most commonly is misdiagnosed as a primary malignancy or a metastatic deposit. Typically, it is detected incidentally during operative procedures. It has been rarely documented within a surgical scar; with the incidence of surgically proven deciduosis being approximately 1.6%, and is often difficult to diagnose due to its rarity. Here, we present a case of deciduosis of cesarean scar in a 34-year-old pregnant female.
Symptomatic infantile Helicobacter pylori gastritis infection in indigenous African infants: a case series
Authors: Oliver Ombeva Malande
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2014)
Keywords: infantile, gastritis, helicobacter pylori, infection
MeSH terms: Black People, Gastritis / diagnosis, Gastritis / microbiology, Helicobacter Infections / diagnosis, Helicobacter pylori, Case Reports, Female, Humans, Infant, Kenya

Helicobacter pylori gastritis infection rate increases with age. Higher rates have however been reported among young people in the developing countries of the world. The infection however has rarely been reported in infants, especially in Africa. This case series describes three cases of Helicobacter pylori gastritis infection as diagnosed in three infants. The goal is to raise the suspicion index of medical practitioners about the possibility of this this infection among infants who present with suggestive symptoms. On three separate occasions in 2012 and 2013, three ill, indigenous, black African female infants aged 4, 6 and 7 months, were brought to hospital with symptoms ranging from fever, refusal to feed, diarrhoea, restlessness, vomiting and irritability. In each case, systemic examination findings were unremarkable. After several laboratory investigations, each infant was found to have Helicobacter pylori infection following positive blood antibody (using Tell Me Fast H. Pylori antibody serum and Plasma test manufactured by Biocan Diagnostics Canada) and fecal HpSA ImmunoCardSTAT antigen tests. Repeat stool antigen test was negative in each case after completion of the recommended triple therapy. Helicobacter pylori infection has been rarely reported among infants. This case series highlights the need for health care providers to have a high index of suspicion so that infants with suggestive symptoms, especially in settings with high Helicobacter pylori colonization prevalence can be evaluated for Helicobacter pylori gastritis infection.
Identification and Endodontic Management of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular Second Molar Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Bonny Paul, Kavita Dube
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2015)

Endodontic treatments are routinely done with the help of radiographs. However, radiographs represent only a two-dimensional image of an object. Failure to identify aberrant anatomy can lead to endodontic failure. This case report presents the use of three-dimensional imaging with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as an adjunct to digital radiography in identification and management of mandibular second molar with three mesial canals.