OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
A 17-year-old male with a Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor: flushing differential diagnosis
Authors: Maria Alejandra Forero Molina, Elizabeth Garcia, Deyanira Gonzalez-Devia, Rafael García-Duperly, Alonso Vera
Journal: World Allergy Organ J (2017)
Keywords: carcinoid syndrome, carcinoid tumor, flushing, food allergies, neuroendocrine tumors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are heterogeneous neoplasms that originate from cells with a secretory function. Small bowel NETs (SB-NETs) are related to serotonin hypersecretion which causes: flushing, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bronchoconstriction and heart involvement, also known as carcinoid syndrome (CS). CS can be confused with an allergic reaction and thus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the allergy consult. We present the case of a pediatric patient initially referred under the suspicion of food allergies.
Case presentation:
We present the case of a 17-year-old male with evanescent non-pruriginous erythematous lesions- flushing that appeared with food consumption, associated with conjunctival injection, warmth and diaphoresis after the lesions disappeared. He denied abdominal pain, diarrhea, cough or wheezing. The 24-h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) excretion was elevated. The CT scan showed thickening of the distal ileum and multiple lesions on both hepatic lobules and the colonoscopy revealed a tumor in the ileocecal valve. Hepatic and intestinal biopsies reported a well-differentiated NET of the ileocecal valve with hepatic metastasis. He was started on octreotide and underwent a wide hepatectomy and right hemicolectomy with improvement of symptoms.
Conclusions:
NETs can present as carcinoid syndrome (flushing, diarrhea, abdominal pain, wheezing), which constitutes vague symptomatology and represents a challenging diagnosis for physicians. They can be confused with an allergic reaction and the allergist should consider it as a differential diagnosis. Accurate diagnostic tests will help to diagnose NETs earlier and potentially prevent carcinoid heart disease, bowel obstruction, and improve quality of life and mortality in these patients.
Tubercular Ulcer of Tongue in an Elderly Patient Masquerading as a Traumatic Ulcer
Authors: Ramesh Parajuli, Sushna Maharjan
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tuberculosis is still one of the most prevalent diseases in developing countries like Nepal. However, due to the effectiveness of DOTS therapy, vaccination, and education, the prevalence of tuberculosis has fallen in recent years. Although the pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, especially the tubercular lymphadenitis, is still very common in our country, the tuberculosis of oral cavity is an uncommon condition. We present a case of an elderly male who presented with the complaint of nonhealing ulcer of lateral border of tongue for 2-month duration which was masquerading as a traumatic ulcer due to sharp teeth adjacent to the lesion. Deep biopsy was taken under local anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed that it was tuberculosis. Antitubercular therapy was then started which cured the lesion.
Cystoscopic removal of a migrated intrauterine device to the bladder; a case report
Authors: Masnoureh Vahdat, Mansoureh Gorginzadeh, Ashraf Sadat Mousavi, Elaheh Afshari, Mohammad Ali Ghaed
Journal: Contracept Reprod Med (2019)
Keywords: bladder, cystoscopy, intrauterine device, migration
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a well-accepted means of reversible contraception. Migration of IUD to the bladder through partial or complete perforation has been rarely reported. This phenomenon could be strongly associated with history of prior cesarean sections (C-section) or early insertion of the device in the postpartum period.
Case presentation:
In this study, a case of copper IUD migration through cesarean scar defect is presented, in such a way that was successfully managed by cystoscopic removal. A 31-year-old female with a history of lower urinary symptoms referred to the clinic for her secondary infertility work-up. A copper IUD outside the uterus in the bladder was found using hysterosalpingraphy. A plain abdominal radiography also confirmed the presence of a T-shaped IUD in the pelvis. According to ultrasound, the copper IUD was partly in the bladder lumen and within the bladder wall. The patient had a history of an intrauterine device insertion eight years ago followingher second cesarean delivery. Three years later, her IUD was expelled, and another copper IUD was inserted. Thesecond copper IUD was alsoremoved while she decided to be pregnant. The patient finally underwent a hysteroscopic cystoscopy. The intrauterine device with its short arms embedded in the bladder wall was successfully extracted through the urethra.
Conclusions:
IUD insertion seems to be more challenging in women with prior uterine incisions and requires more attention. Cystoscopic removal should be considered as a safe and effective minimally invasive approach tomanage a migrated intrauterine device in the bladder.
Genetic Instability of a Polydactyl Hypopigmented Cat With Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Case Report
Authors: María Evarista Arellano-García, Marian Eliza Izaguirre-Pérez, Leonardo Daniel Molina-Noyola, Idalia Yazmín Castañeda-Yslas, Roberto Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Olivia Torres-Bugarín
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2020)
Keywords: albinism, genomic instability, hypopigmented, micronucleated erythrocytes, polydactyl, squamous cell carcinoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Polydactyly, hypopigmentation, and squamous cell carcinoma are common in cats. However, a cat exhibiting all of these conditions has not yet been reported. This study presents the case of a 14- year-old male Mexican cat, hypopigmented, with supernumerary fingers, two preaxial and one on each posterior limb, admitted to the clinic with a lesion in the left periocular region. The cat was subjected to a general physical examination, blood, and urine chemistry, as well as a biopsy and genomic instability assessment with an analysis of the red blood cells (RBC) micronucleated erythrocytes (RBC-MNE) in the peripheral blood. The biopsy was positive for squamous cell carcinoma, and the RBC-MNE count (8.6 MNE/1000 erythrocytes) was high compared to that previously described in other domestic cats or wild cats. Thus, the genomic instability of the RBC-MNE could be used as an indicator to identify clinical conditions of felines, particularly those with one of the characteristics exhibited by this Mexican cat. The RBC-MNE test is the most widely used in the world for the evaluation of DNA damage, but to our knowledge, it has not been used to identify vulnerable non-human specimens.
Small bowel edema and lymphocytic duodenitis as severe reversible gastrointestinal toxicity of selpercatinib in RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer: a case report
Authors: Daniela Scattolin, Elena Scagliori, Antonio Scapinello, Alberto Fantin, Valentina Guarneri, Giulia Pasello
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: nsclc, ret, gastrointestinal toxicity, selpercatinib, small bowel
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Rearranged during transfection (RET) gene rearrangements occur in 1%-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Because of the results of the study LIBRETTO-001, selpercatinib has been approved as the first-line treatment for patients with RET fusion-positive advanced NSCLC. Selpercatinib demonstrated to be well tolerated. Despite this, gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs) are frequently reported, and no clinical-radiological and endoscopic features and their impact in terms of treatment discontinuations, interruptions, and dose reductions have been described so far.
Case report:
A 37-year-old never-smoker woman was treated in our institution with selpercatinib for a RET fusion-positive NSCLC. After 9 months of treatment, the patient referred abdominal pain of grade (G) 2, associated with nausea of G2, bilious vomiting of G3, and weight loss of G1. At computed tomography scan, the presence of important bowel wall thickening, free ascitic fluid, mesenteric congestion, and stranding was detected. The patient underwent an anterograde enteroscopy extended to jejunum with detection of lymphocytic duodenitis with sub-mucosal edema. Selpercatinib treatment was temporary interrupted with complete resolution of the symptoms and then re-administered with dose reduction, without relapsed of the gastrointestinal toxicity after 120 days.
Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a patient with NSCLC treated with selpercatinib outside a clinical study who developed severe gastrointestinal toxicity characterized by small bowel edema and lymphocytic duodenitis, leading to treatment interruption and dose reduction. The gastrointestinal AE has been described by a radiological, endoscopic, and histopathological point of view. Further investigations are needed to better identify pathological mechanisms of gastrointestinal toxicity for an appropriate AE management.
Adipocyte Atrophy Mimicking Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder
Authors: Benjamin van Haeringen, Leo Francis, Emily Olive, Daniel James
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Signet ring cell morphology may result from a variety of causes and ranges from a benign reactive phenomenon to being indicative of highly aggressive malignancy. Benign epithelial signet ring cell change is well described in a variety of tissues, but nonepithelial signet ring cell change is a rare morphologic adaptation of adipose tissue principally described in the setting of cachexia. The location of these atrophic adipocytes outside the plane of normal epithelial layers may raise concern for invasive or metastatic malignancy, and consideration of a benign reactive process is critical to avoid catastrophic overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Further, this change is itself associated with significant mortality related to the underlying cachexia and may be important to highlight to treating clinicians. Compared to malignant signet ring cell carcinoma, benign signet ring cell change is more likely to retain normal lobulated architecture without mass formation, lack significant atypia, have myxoid stroma with a prominent capillary network, and show positive staining S100 protein with negative staining for cytokeratins and mucin. To our knowledge, we present the first described case of nonepithelial signet ring cell change involving the gallbladder, detected as an incidental finding following routine cholecystectomy in an elderly cachectic man.
Fenofibrate: A Nonlithogenic Means of Recurrent Drug-Induced Pancreatitis
Authors: Thamer Kassim, Joy-Marie Hermes, Abdullah Abdussalam, Ahmed Aly, Subhash Chandra
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Medications account for a small portion of the various etiologies of acute pancreatitis. Prompt identification of drugs as the inciting factor decreases disease recurrence and unnecessary invasive diagnostic intervention. This case is a report of fenofibrate-induced acute pancreatitis including a disease recurrence with continuation of fenofibrate which subsequently resolved after drug discontinuation. The patient underwent invasive diagnostic evaluation including endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Based on exclusion of other disease etiologies and a positive drug rechallenge, fenofibrate fits as a class 1A medication in the classification of drug-induced pancreatitis.
True bony TMJ ankylosis in children: Case report
Authors: Rawaa Y Al-Rawee, Ali Mohammad Saeed Al-Khayat, Saud Salim Saeed
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: childhood trauma, gap arthroplasty, tmj ankylosis, tempromandibular joint trauma

Introduction:
The clinical importance of ankylosis in children is concerning with its massive effect and disturbance on the mandibular future growth causing gross deformity apart from the limited mouth opening. Trauma is the most common cause of bony and fibrous ankylosis. History, physical examination and radiographical examination of each patient with ankylosis of TMJ is mandatory in arriving to a final diagnosis, severity, involvement of adjacent structures and ultimately to plan the treatment.
Case presentation:
Ten years old girl presented with her family seeking solution for a severely limited mouth opening. From the history, the child has suffered from height fall at the age of 4 years. She had complained from swelling and pain near the ear, treated by analgesics, gradually subsided and neglected. This limitation affects on feeding and had an impact on the child's health, seeking for management for the condition became mandatory. Clinical examination, radiographical examination is prepared in beside that ethical approval with full discussion with the parents done. Blind nasal intubation done.
Discussion:
Patients with true bilateral ankylosis are considered as the aggressive type. It's not just because of ankylosis. Surgeons should keep in their minds that well experienced anesthetist is important; also extension of the ankylosed bone with amount of cutting is important and re ankylosis as a complication must be avoided.
Conclusion:
The surgeons agree with the statement that success in the preventing reankylosis after TMJ gap arthroplasty. Its primarily refers to the early postoperative physiotherapy, maintained on a long term.
Limbitis secondary to autologous serum eye drops in a patient with atopic keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Jeffrey David Welder, Pejman Bakhtiari, Ali R Djalilian
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose. Report a case of limbitis secondary to autologous serum eye drops in a patient with atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Design. Interventional case report. Methods. A 32-year-old African American female with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) presented with chronic dry eye and diffuse punctate epithelial erosions refractory to conservative treatment. She was initially managed with cyclosporine ophthalmic 0.05% in addition to preservative-free artificial tears and olopatadine hydrochloride 0.2% for 6 months. She was later placed on autologous serum eye drops (ASEDs) and 4 weeks into treatment developed unilateral limbitis. The limbitis resolved shortly after stopping ASEDs in that eye; however, the drops were continued in the contralateral eye, which subsequently developed limbitis within 2 weeks. ASEDs were discontinued in both eyes, and the patient has remained quiet ever since. Results. Patient with a history of AKC and no prior history of limbitis developed limbitis shortly after starting ASEDs, which resolved promptly after discontinuation of therapy with no subsequent recurrence of inflammation. Conclusion. ASEDs are widely used in the treatment of complicated or treatment refractory dry eye. The potential side effects should be kept in mind when prescribing ASEDs for any patient, especially in those with underlying immunological diseases and circulating inflammatory factors.
IRAK4 Deficiency in a Patient with Recurrent Pneumococcal Infections: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Karina Gobin, Mary Hintermeyer, Bertrand Boisson, Maya Chrabieh, Pegah Ghandil, Anne Puel, Capucine Picard, Jean-Laurent Casanova, John Routes, James Verbsky
Journal: Front Pediatr (2017)
Keywords: irak4 deficiency, iκbα, myd88 deficiency, nf-κb, nf-κb essential modulator, toll-like receptors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary immunodeficiencies are genetic defects of the innate or adaptive immune system, resulting in a propensity to infections. The innate immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens and is critical to recognize microbes and start the inflammatory cascade. Sensing of microbes occurs by a number of pathogen-recognition receptors, resulting in the activation of inflammatory signal transduction pathways, such as the activation of NF-κB. Herein, we describe a case of IRAK4 deficiency, a key signal transduction molecule of toll-like and IL-1 receptors. We highlight the complexities in diagnosis of these disorders and review genetic defects of the NF-κB pathway.
Multiple large vessel aneurysmal formation in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Ju-Mei Chang, Hassan Lameen, Garth C Skinner
Journal: SA J Radiol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A new form of aneurysmal dilatation of large vessels is becoming known in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We present a case report of a patient with this anomaly and discuss the radiological dilemmas involved in the diagnosis of the disease. This case highlights the need for computed tomography (CT) angiography as the imaging medium of choice.
Oral Care Program for Successful Long-Term Full Mouth Habilitation of Patients with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Yuan-Lynn Hsieh, Michael Razzoog, Sabrina Garcia Hammaker
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare congenital disorder that associates with dental manifestations of anodontia, hypodontia, and atrophic alveolar ridges. Although the disorder does not affect the life expectancy of the patient, it poses tremendous challenges on the patient's physical and psychosocial development. Early and multidisciplinary dental care can benefit HED children's development and improve their quality of life. This study presents two cases addressing the dental management continuously for 10 to 13 years in the dental school clinics. The keys to long-term success of the oral care program for HED patients at different age phases are reviewed and discussed, which can be summarized as early intervention, multidisciplinary collaborative care, and continuous recall.
Fundus autofluorescence in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome
Authors: Fernando Marcondes Penha, Eduardo Vitor Navajas, Fábio Bom Aggio, Eduardo B Rodrigues, Michel Eid Farah
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A patient complained of photopsia and vision loss in the left eye for two days, with visual acuity of 20/32. Right eye was normal. Funduscopy revealed foveal granularity and gray-white lesions in the posterior pole, mainly temporal to the fovea. The lesions (dots and spots), along with a few other areas surrounding them, showed hyperautofluorescence on autofluorescence imaging. Fluorescein angiogram (FA) depicted some early hyperfluorescent dots with late staining. Indocyanine green angiogram (ICGA) showed hypofluorescent lesions in a greater number compared with funduscopy, autofluorescence, and FA. Thirty days later, BCVA was 20/20 in both eyes and the complimentary exams were almost normal, despite an ICGA that showed few small hypofluorescent lesions. This case supports the hypothesis that the choroidal involvement occurs primarily in MEWDS, with secondary involvement of the RPE and the neurosensory retina.
The Clinical Application and Progress of Mirogabalin on Neuropathic Pain as a Novel Selective Gabapentinoids
Authors: Hui Tang, Jing Lu, Yazhuo Duan, Dejun Li
Journal: Mediators Inflamm (2023)
MeSH terms: Neuralgia / chemically induced, Neuralgia / drug therapy, Review, Analgesics / pharmacology, Analgesics / therapeutic use, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / pharmacology, Cimetidine / therapeutic use, Humans, mirogabalin, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Analgesics, Cimetidine

Background:
Neuropathic pain is a complex sort of pain that is detrimental to individuals' health, both physically and mentally, but merely a small portion of them could witness pain alleviation. Mirogabalin, by distinctive binding characteristics of voltage-gated calcium channels, has won approval from the Japanese authority as a third member of gabapentinoids in Japan. Our review was aimed at encompassing the bulk of clinical research on mirogabalin, which included clinical trials, special considerations, coadministration studies, case reports, and cost-effectiveness studies.
Methods:
A review was carried out on a series of platforms, such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus, up to December 2021 using the keywords as follows: "mirogabalin OR mirogabalin besylate OR Tarlige OR DS-5565" AND "neuropathic pain OR Neuropathy."
Results:
Mirogabalin demonstrated analgesic activity and manageable adverse reactions and provides a new alternative for individuals with PHN or DPNP in 3 phase II and 4 III trials. Mirogabalin alleviated pain markedly in comparison with placebo. Administration of mirogabalin on a long-term basis is a flexible dosage regimen for patients with PHN. It is noteworthy that mirogabalin should be administrated cautiously when combined with probenecid and cimetidine on account of a slight increase in pharmacodynamics effects of mirogabalin.
Conclusion:
The development of mirogabalin allows further optimization of individual treatment strategies so as to provide more therapeutic choices in this medical domain.
Abiraterone Rechallenge Based on Sequential Testing of Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells: A Case Report
Authors: Naoya Nagaya, Mayuko Kanayama, Masayoshi Nagata, Shigeo Horie
Journal: Front Oncol (2020)
Keywords: abitaterone, androgen receptor splice variant 7, castration-resistant prostate cancer, circulating tumor cells, rechallenge
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Serial analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) such as androgen receptor splice variant 7 is useful in selecting treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We report a case who had been positive for androgen receptor splice variant 7 in CTCs before docetaxel, and was subsequently treated with abiraterone rechallenge because of the negative conversion of androgen receptor splice variant 7 following docetaxel. Although, the rechallenge of anti-androgen agent based on CTCs analysis is expected to be an effective approach, it is yet to be reported. Thus, we chose the candidate for abiraterone rechallenge based on serial CTCs analyses by the AdnaTest. As a result, the patient responded to abiraterone that he once had developed resistance to. Our findings reinforce the utility of AR-V7 as a biomarker in the setting of post-chemo androgen-targeted-therapy rechallenge.