OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis with cavities? Rapid diagnosis of Rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection with cavities by acid-fast staining: A case report
Authors: Yuhang Jiang, Jian Li, Weichao Qin, Yuan Gao, Xin Liao, Yan Zeng
Journal: Front Public Health (2022)
Keywords: rhodococcus equi, acid-fast staining, case report, human immunodeficiency virus, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, pulmonary infection
MeSH terms: Actinomycetales Infections / diagnosis, Actinomycetales Infections / drug therapy, Actinomycetales Infections / microbiology, Pneumonia, Rhodococcus equi, Tuberculosis / drug therapy, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Humans, Soil, Staining and Labeling, Water, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Soil, Water, Rhodococcus hoagii

Rhodococcus equi is a conditionally pathogenic bacterium widely distributed in soil, water, and marine environments, which can cause respiratory infections, pleurisy, blood and even bone marrow infections in immunocompromised people, and particularly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This case report describes a patient with initially suspicion of tuberculosis (TB) as an outpatient in a TB clinic. However, laboratory findings identified R. equi in his sputum sample based on a positive acid-fast stain, which was highly suggestive of a pulmonary infection caused by R. equi. The patient was subsequently admitted to the respiratory unit for treatment. Once the source of infection was identified, the patient was treated with a combination of antibiotics for 2 weeks and was discharged with a significant improvement in symptoms.
CASE REPORT Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Evaluation of Paramedian Forehead Flap Perfusion Prior to Pedicle Division
Authors: Ajul Shah, Alexander Au
Journal: Eplasty (2013)

Objective:
To present the use of indocyanine green and the LifeCell SpyElite System to confirm perfusion and viability of a forehead flap prior to division and inset, thereby eliminating the question of flap survival based on clinical judgment alone.
Methods:
A case report of a 67-year-old man with a forehead flap reconstruction following an acquired nasal defect due to resection of an adenoid cystic carcinoma is presented. LifeCell SpyElite System was used to confirm perfusion prior to pedicle division.
Results:
The LifeCell SpyElite System was used to confirm perfusion to the forehead flap prior to pedicle division during the second stage of the procedure. After confirming perfusion, the pedicle was divided and the flap was inset. The remainder of the patient's operative and postoperative course was uneventful, and he healed without incident.
Conclusions:
Indocyanine green and the LifeCell SpyElite System is a reliable method to confirm perfusion and viability of staged reconstructive procedures prior to division and inset, thereby eliminating the question of flap survival based on clinical judgment alone. This is a practical application of this technology that has not been previously described in the plastic surgery literature.
The Value of Anlotinib in the Treatment of Intractable Brain Edema: Two Case Reports
Authors: Song Yang, Jian Sun, Mingna Xu, Yuru Wang, Guihong Liu, Aijun Jiang
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: anlotinib, intractable, peritumoral brain edema (ptbe), radiotherapy, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (vegfr)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

About 20-30 percent of patients with cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, will develop brain metastases (BM). Primary and secondary brain tumors are often accompanied by peritumoral edema. Due to the limited intracranial space, peritumoral edema will further increase the intracranial pressure and aggravate clinical symptoms. Radiotherapy, as a basic component of the treatment of intracranial tumors, induces blood vessel damage and aggravates brain edema. The combination of edema caused by the tumor itself and radiotherapy is collectively referred to as intractable brain edema. Edema can increase intracranial pressure and cause associated neurologic symptoms, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Steroids, specifically dexamethasone, have become the gold standard for the management of tumor-associated edema. However, steroids can lead to variety of adverse effects, including moon face, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, increased risk of infection, bone thinning (osteoporosis), and fractures, especially with prolonged use. The investigation of other types of drugs is urgently needed to address this problem.Compared to other anti-angiogenic agents, anlotinib acts on vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2/KDR, and VEGFR3), fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4), platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and stem cell factor receptor (c-kit) simultaneously. However, according to the literature retrieval, there are no studies on anlotinib for the treatment of intractable brain edema. We describe here two cases of brain edema and review the literature available and hope to discover new agents that are safer and more effective.
Onychomadesis in a 20-Month-Old Child with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Alexander K C Leung, Kin Fon Leong, Joseph M Lam
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kawasaki disease is characterized by fever for ≥ five days, bilateral bulbar conjunctival injection without exudate, polymorphous rash changes in the extremities, oral mucosal changes, and cervical lymphadenopathy. We report a 20-month-old boy with Kawasaki disease who had onychomadesis affecting the fingernails and toenails bilaterally. To our knowledge, there were three reported cases of onychomadesis associated with Kawasaki disease, to which we add another one. We suggest keeping in mind the possibility of onychomadesis as a nail sequela of Kawasaki disease.
Noninvasive and multidisciplinary approach to the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of amelogenesis imperfecta: a pediatric case report
Authors: Juliana Feltrin de Souza, Camila Maria Bullio Fragelli, Marco Aurélio Benini Paschoal, Edson Alves Campos, Leonardo Fernandes Cunha, Estela Maris Losso, Rita de Cássia Loiola Cordeiro
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2014)

Case Report. An 8-year-old girl with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) reported unsatisfactory aesthetics, difficulty in mastication, and dental hypersensitivity. The intraoral examination observed mixed dentition, malocclusion in anteroposterior relationships, anterior open bite, and dental asymmetry. A hypoplastic form of AI was diagnosed in the permanent dentition. A multidisciplinary planning was performed and divided into preventive, orthopedic, and rehabilitation stages. Initially, preventive treatment was implemented, with fluoride varnish applications, in order to protect the fragile enamel and reduce the dental sensitivity. In the second stage, the patient received an interceptive orthopedic treatment to improve cross-relationship of the arches during six months. Finally, the rehabilitation treatment was executed to establish the vertical dimension. In the posterior teeth, indirect composite resin crowns were performed with minimally invasive dental preparation. Direct composite resin restorations were used to improve the appearance of anterior teeth. Follow-Up. The follow-up was carried out after 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. After 18 months of follow-up, The restoration of integrity, oral hygiene, and patient satisfaction were observed . Conclusion. Successful reduction of the dental hypersensitivity and improvement of the aesthetic and functional aspects as well as quality of life were observed.
Free latissimus dorsi flap for upper extremity reconstruction in a 9-month-old
Authors: Ryan D Wagner, Jacqueline S Yang, Brittany E Bryant, William C Pederson, Shayan A Izaddoost
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2021)
Keywords: free flap, free tissue transfer, general anesthesia, latissimus dorsi, pediatric surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Successful outcomes for free tissue transfer are well-documented in pediatric patients but less so in infants. Challenges with infants are unique and include implications of prolonged anesthetic exposure. We present a 9-month-old female who underwent a free latissimus dorsi flap to reconstruct a congenital upper extremity lesion threatening limb development.
Case report: Multimodality imaging of unusual coronary to pulmonary collaterals in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Ansh Goyal, Ryan Avery, Michael J Cuttica, James D Flaherty, S Chris Malaisrie, Ruben Mylvaganam
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: cteph, dect, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, collaterals, coronary angiogram, pulmonary angiography, pulmonary endarterectomy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present unusual coronary-pulmonary collaterals in a 65-year-old CTEPH patient. Perfusion mapping of a dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) study revealed areas of right lung that were minimally perfused despite unilateral occlusion of the right pulmonary artery, leading to the discovery of coronary-pulmonary collaterals via invasive coronary angiography. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy removed the clot en-bloc. Post-surgery DECT and catheterization confirmed restoration of pulmonary arterial circulation and excellent hemodynamic response. Here, suggestion of perfusion to a proximally obstructed lung with DECT helped to document the presence of rarely documented coronary-pulmonary artery collaterals.
Catatonia as a presentation of autism in a child: a case report
Authors: Robin Quilliam, Samantha Quilliam, Morag Turnbull, Shelagh Parkinson, Godwin Oligbu
Journal: AIMS Neurosci (2020)
Keywords: autism, catatonia, child, lorazepam
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Catatonia commonly refers to a cluster of movement abnormalities, behaviour, volition and speech that has long been associated with psychiatric disorders in adults. Recent evidence suggests increasing prevalence in adolescents and older children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), but its occurrence in younger children is rare. Here we describe a 6-year-old boy presenting with catatonic autism, highlighting the diagnostic challenge and demonstrating the importance of timely assessment and management.
Combined Optokinetic Treatment and Vestibular Rehabilitation to Reduce Visually Induced Dizziness in a Professional Ice Hockey Player After Concussion: A Clinical Case
Authors: Viviana Mucci, Cornelia Meier, Mario Bizzini, Fausto Romano, Daniel Agostino, Alessandra Ventura, Giovanni Bertolini, Nina Feddermann-Demont
Journal: Front Neurol (2019)
Keywords: concussion, dizziness, ice hockey, optokinetic, sport-related concussion, vestibular rehabilitation, visually induced dizziness
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: The appropriate detection and therapy of concussion symptoms are of great importance to avoid long-term impairment and absence from pre-concussive activities, such as sport, school or work. Post-traumatic headache and dizziness are known as risk factors of persistent symptoms after a concussion. Dizziness has even been classified as a predictor for symptom persistence. One type of dizziness, which has never been considered is visually induced dizziness (VID) often develops as a consequence of vestibular impairment. This manuscript presents the clinical case of a 25-year-old male, professional ice hockey player, whereby a therapeutic approach to VID after concussion is demonstrated. Case: A detailed interdisciplinary clinical and laboratory-assisted neurological, neurovestibular and ocular-motor examination was performed 20 days post-concussion, which indicated VID symptoms. Thus, the player qualified for a 5-day combined vestibular, balance and optokinetic therapy, which aimed to reduce the player's increased sensitivity to visual information. Each treatment day consisted of two sessions: vestibular/ocular-motor training and exposure to optokinetic stimuli combined with postural control exercises. The optokinetic stimulus was delivered in the form of a rotating disk. VID symptoms were recorded daily via posturography and a visual analog scale prior to the optokinetic sessions. The player improved over the course of each treatment day and was able to return to ice hockey 15 days after the final treatment session. Three months later the player reported no symptoms in the follow up questionnaire. Conclusion: The combination of vestibular, balance and optokinetic therapy led to remission of VID symptoms in a professional ice hockey player after multiple concussions, within a short time frame after his last concussion. Thus, this case study highlights the significant benefit of treating post-concussive VID symptoms utilizing a multi-modal approach.
The development of dorsal nasal cyst formation after rhinoplasty and its reconstruction with conchal cartilage
Authors: Tolgar Lütfi Kumral, Yavuz Uyar, Güven Yıldırım, Güler Berkiten, Yavuz Atar, Enes Ataç
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2014)

The dorsal nasal cyst formation is a rare and late complication of rhinoplasty. It has been rarely reported in the literature and it is usually mucous cysts. Migration and planting to the subcutaneous space during the surgical procedure has been recognized as the formation mechanism. This case report has presented 42-year-old male patient with a destructing dorsal nasal mucous cyst that developed 10 years after the rhinoplasty operation. There was no complication in the primary rhinoplasty and the patient was satisfied with his appearance. There was a swelling of the nasal dorsum over the past year and surgical excision of the cyst was performed. During the surgery, the defect was reconstructed with conchal cartilage. There was no recurrence during follow-up.
Nidus localization in osteod osteoma by SPECT skeletal scintigraphy: Aid to diagnosis and surgical approach
Authors: Santhi Bhushan Murari, N Sujith, M Ranadheer, P Chandra Sekhar, P Aruna Kumari, Vvs Prabhakar Rao
Journal: Indian J Nucl Med (2010)
Keywords: mdp, osteod osteoma, spect, nidus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Osteod osteoma, although not a common clinical occurrence, does pose problems both in diagnosis and surgical management. Initial plain radiographic diagnosis is sometimes fraught with the limitation of not being able to differentiate from chronic osteomyelitis and stress fracture. CT-aided localization of the nidus is also often inconclusive. Radionuclide single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scintigraphy is highly sensitive in localizing the active nidus and also orients the lesion in a three-dimensional plane well, for effective surgical removal.
Case studies: Use of salicylic acid (Avosil) and hydrogel (Avogel) in limiting scar formation
Authors: John R Danielson, Robert J Walter
Journal: J Burns Wounds (2005)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
The purpose of this report is to present the results of a preliminary treatment regimen for hypertrophic scars combining topical 2% salicylic acid cream (Avosil) with an overlay of hydrogel dressing (Avogel).
Methods:
The study group consisted of 3 patients with symptomatic hypertrophic scars: 2 presternal and 1 on the inner thigh. Scars were divided into 3 equal-size areas: (1) untreated control, (2) hydrogel alone, and (3) 2% salicylic acid with hydrogel cover. Treatments were applied every 8 to 12 hours and a Velcro appliance was employed to cover the area during treatment. The total length of treatment was 60 days.
Results:
At the end of the 60-day treatment protocol, the area treated with 2% salicylic acid and hydrogel was asymptomatic. In contrast, the hydrogel-treated and untreated control areas remained erythematous and symptomatic for burning pain and pruritus.
Conclusion:
This small study suggests the efficacy of combined salicylic acid and hydrogel therapy in the treatment of hypertrophic scars. More extensive studies of scar treatment with salicylic acid and hydrogel are needed. These studies must be larger in scope to carefully document the spectrum of patient responses and should include methods for evaluating alterations in the levels of different inflammatory mediators.
Case Report: Rehabilitation After Platelet-Rich Growth Factors' Intra-Articular Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis: Two Case Reports of a Home-Based Protocol
Authors: Francesco Negrini, Francesco De Lucia, Stefano Negrini, Davide Tornese, Francesca Facchini, Michele Vecchio, Laura de Girolamo
Journal: Front Pharmacol (2021)
Keywords: exercise, functionality, knee oa, physiotherapy, platelet-rich plasma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic progressive disease that can cause pain, functional impairment, and ultimately disability. A novel and promising therapeutic approach to KOA is the so-called regenerative medicine, a set of procedures designed to harness tissue regenerative capacity and optimize functional recovery. Increasing evidence points out that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) intra-articular injections can decrease pain and improve functional abilities in KOA patients. In the present case reports, we analyze two patients who were treated with PRP injections coupled with a posttreatment home-based rehabilitation program. The two patients were selected to represent two different populations: patient 1 was an 85-year-old with severe impairment of functional abilities, while patient 2 was a younger (59 years old) and more active patient. The protocol consisted in a series of exercise to be performed at home, during the five days following PRP injection for two consecutive weeks (10 days in total). The exercises were designed to reduce the inflammation after the injection, enhance the proprioceptive control of the treated lower limb, and strengthen hip and knee flexors and extensors, mainly by isometric work. Results were evaluated at two time points: before and 2 months after the first PRP injection. The outcomes considered were as follows: visual analog scale for pain, EuroQol 5 dimensions questionnaire, Tegner Activity Scale for functioning, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Both patients did not report any side effects from the treatment. Improvement in patient 1 was drastic at the two months follow-up as far as pain and functional abilities are concerned. Patient 2's improvement was less evident, probably due to the higher starting point in both pain and functionality. Overall, the developed program seemed safe and was tolerated by the patients analyzed in the study, who performed it with good compliance.
A Practical Approach to Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy in a Morbidly Obese Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Vishal Bahall, Lance De Barry, Keevan Singh
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, endometrial ca, gynae oncology, morbidly obese, obesity-related illnesses, total laparoscopic hysterectomy (tlh)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Morbid obesity, traditionally considered to be a contraindication to total laparoscopic hysterectomy, is now evolving into an indication. Innovations and advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques have significantly improved patient morbidity and mortality rates, reduced operational costs, and provided patients with an overall safer surgical experience. Although the laparoscopic approach is associated with several physiologic and technical challenges in the morbidly obese, it is plausible that these patients stand to benefit the most from minimally invasive surgery. This report highlights the methods of preoperative optimization, intraoperative considerations, and postoperative management strategies employed to achieve a successful total laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in a patient with a BMI of 45kg/m2, diagnosed with grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma and several obesity-related comorbidities.
Pediatric immune myelofibrosis (PedIMF) as a novel and distinct clinical pathological entity
Authors: Fabiola Guerra, Vincenzo L'Imperio, Sonia Bonanomi, Marco Spinelli, Tiziana Angela Coliva, Fabiola Dell'Acqua, Giulia Maria Ferrari, Paola Corti, Adriana Balduzzi, Andrea Biondi, Fabio Pagni, Francesco Saettini
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: autoimmune myelofibrosis, bone marrow, inborn errors of immunity, myelofibrosis, pediatric immune myelofibrosis, reticulin fibrosis

Myelofibrosis is a rare myeloproliferative disorder. The detailed descriptions of myelofibrosis in children and adolescents is limited to a few case series and case reports describing fewer than 100 patients, thus suggesting the extreme rarity of this condition prior to adulthood. Though pediatric patients rarely present the typical features and outcomes usually observed in older people, pediatric myelofibrosis is not considered an independent entity. Here we aim to describe patients with pediatric myelofibrosis, showing different clinical and pathological features when compared to the World Health Organization 2016 Primary Myelofibrosis classification. We retrospectively collected and analyzed 14 consecutive pediatric myelofibrosis diagnosed in our Pediatric hematology outpatient clinic over a six-year period. According to clinical data and bone marrow biopsy findings, patients were classified into three subgroups: adult-like myelofibrosis, pediatric immune myelofibrosis, idiopathic myelofibrosis. Pediatric Immune Myelofibrosis was the predominant subgroup in our cohort (7/14). Pediatric Immune Myelofibrosis is characterized by peculiar bone marrow features (i.e., T lymphocyte infiltration) and a milder course compared to the other patients Pediatric Immune Myelofibrosis is a novel and distinct pathological entity. We suggest to carefully consider Pediatric Immune Myelofibrosis in case of bone marrow biopsies showing myelofibrosis that do not fulfill WHO criteria.
Case Report: Clinical Experience With Avelumab in Patients With Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Brain Metastases Treated in Europe
Authors: Kate Fife, Pauline Tétu, Jessica Prabhakaran, Celeste Lebbé, Giovanni Grignani
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: merkel cell carcinoma, avelumab, brain metastases, immunotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer that can metastasize rapidly. In patients with metastatic MCC (mMCC), brain metastases are uncommon but are associated with poor prognosis; furthermore, there is limited published literature regarding treatment of these patients, and no specific regimens are currently recommended by guidelines. Avelumab, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 monoclonal antibody, was the first approved treatment for patients with mMCC. Here, we present 4 cases of patients with mMCC and brain metastases treated with avelumab. Patient age ranged from 48 to 70 years, and all patients received avelumab as second-line therapy following disease progression with platinum-based chemotherapy. Patient cases 1 and 2 received avelumab alone and experienced rapid disease progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1). In patient case 3, avelumab alone resulted in a prolonged complete response by RECIST 1.1 of 1 brain metastasis and partial response by RECIST 1.1 of a second brain metastasis. After 11 months of avelumab treatment, the patient received concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery that resulted in complete response of the second metastasis. Patient case 4 achieved a partial response by RECIST 1.1 with avelumab plus stereotactic radiosurgery. These results suggest that avelumab followed by radiotherapy or with concurrent radiotherapy may be an effective treatment option for patients with mMCC and brain metastases.