OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy associated with radial head fracture: a case report
Authors: Jas Daurka, Alvin Chen, Kashif Akhtar, Srinath Kamineni
Journal: Cases J (2009)

Background:
A 55 year old gentleman presented with tardy posterior interosseous nerve palsy associated with radial head fracture.
Case presentation:
The patient developed symptoms of wrist drop 24 hours after the injury whilst awaiting surgery for his Mason III radial head fracture. EMG studies confirmed the presence of a posterior interosseous nerve lesion. Open exploration revealed oedematous soft tissues surrounding the nerve. The proximity of the nerve to the fracture and its course through the arcade of Frohse make it susceptible to injury, from the initial traumatic event and the following oedema.
Conclusion:
A full recovery occurred after exploration and decompression of the nerve.
High-Risk Preterm Infant Born to a Mother With COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto Formiga, Aline Helena Nascimento Veloso, Kathlen Terezinha Montes Soares Fernandes, Layra Alves Guimarães, Marla Moreira Avelar, Maja Medeiros
Journal: Front Rehabil Sci (2022)
Keywords: sars-cov-2 pandemic, biopsychosocial model, child development, neonatal intensive care, resilience
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The COVID-19 pandemic raises concerns about risks for pregnant women and fetuses, considering factors such as vertical transmission and neonatal alterations caused by maternal infection. Despite this, neuropsychomotor and functional complications in infants delivered by mothers with COVID-19 are still little studied. Thus, we aimed to describe the health history and development based on ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) components of a high-risk preterm infant born to a mother hospitalized due to COVID-19 complications. This case report was based on medical records, developmental assessments, and maternal reports. The infant was born at 30 weeks and 3 days, weighing 1,300 g, measuring 40 cm, and with Apgar scores of 2, 5, 6, and 7. COVID-19 test was negative 1 and 72 h after birth. Moreover, the infant had cardiorespiratory complications and hyperechogenicity of the periventricular white matter. The infant presented speech and language delays during follow-up, but neuromotor development occurred according to age. The health care and follow-up provided helped the development of resilience mechanisms by the infant and family to overcome adversities in the prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal periods. The assessments based on ICF components can contribute to future studies on this topic.
A Unique Case of Complete Atrioventricular Block Rapidly Progressing to Diastolic and Systolic Dysfunction in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Chimezie U Mbachi, Oyintayo Ajiboye, Olisa Ezegwu, Benjamin Mba
Journal: Case Rep Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease that most commonly affects the lungs but can affect other organs including the heart due to granuloma infiltration. Atrioventricular block is a common manifestation of cardiac sarcoidosis which can progress to sudden cardiac death. We report a case of cardiac sarcoidosis presenting as complete heart block, progressing to diastolic and systolic dysfunction without extracardiac manifestations early in the disease. This case stresses the importance of having a high index of suspicion for cardiac sarcoidosis in patients presenting with atrioventricular block of unknown etiology.
A Giant Borderline Phyllodes Tumor of Breast With Skin Ulceration Leading to Non-Insular Tumorigenic Hypoglycemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jinlu Zhao, Meizhuo Gao, Yi Ren, Shaodong Cao, He Wang, Ruisheng Ge
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: breast, giant borderline phyllodes tumors, insulin-like growth factor-ii, non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia, skin ulceration
MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis, Glucose / therapeutic use, Hypoglycemia / diagnosis, Phyllodes Tumor / diagnosis, Skin / pathology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review, Blood Glucose / analysis, Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy, Breast Neoplasms / surgery, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemia / metabolism, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Molecular Weight, Phyllodes Tumor / drug therapy, Phyllodes Tumor / surgery, Ulcer, Blood Glucose, Insulin-Like Growth Factor II, Glucose

Phyllodes tumor (PT) is a special type of breast tumors, including three types: malignant, borderline, and benign. Most of these tumors form unilateral disease and can rapidly increase in size. The occurrence of axillary lymph node metastasis is rare. Tumor-associated hypoglycemia can be divided into non-islet cell tumor and insulinoma. In non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), a considerable high molecular weight form of insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is formed, which abnormally binds to insulin receptors in the tissues and causes hypoglycemia. Breast phyllodes tumors with NICTH are rare and first reported in 1983. Surgical resection is the main treatment and hypoglycemia symptoms usually resolve after surgery. Nevertheless, prior to surgery, intravenous glucose infusion is used to maintain blood glucose levels. A female patient presented with a rapidly growing breast mass and was diagnosed with a phyllodes tumor with NICTH at our hospital in August 2020; she was successfully treated through surgical resection. We reviewed the relevant literature to investigate and analyze the relationship between NICTH and phyllodes tumors, as well as optimize its diagnosis and treatment.
Dual biologic therapy for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and asthma: a case series
Authors: Mariam Malik, Bryony Jones, Emma Williams, Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy, Chris Holroyd, Alice Mason
Journal: Rheumatol Adv Pract (2023)
Keywords: asthma, biological therapies, etanercept, immunosuppressants, infections and arthritis, infliximab, mepolizumab, omalizumab, quality of life, rheumatic disease

Objective:
Combination biological therapies are being considered increasingly for patients with multiple co-morbidities requiring biologics. There are limited data available on this approach, and concerns remain about the possible risk of adverse events, particularly infection.
Methods:
We present three patients on dual biologics for rheumatic disease and asthma. The biologic combinations used were etanercept and mepolizumab, infliximab and omalizumab, and etanercept and omalizumab. The time on combination biologic therapies ranged from 24 to 36 months. Patients were monitored for any serious adverse events.
Results:
All three patients were able to tolerate combined biologic therapies, with no serious adverse events. All three patients gained improvement in their rheumatic and asthma disease control, with reduction in disease activity scores and reduction in steroid usage.
Conclusion:
The decision to start dual biologic therapy should be considered carefully, on a case-by-case basis. The number of patients who are on combination biological therapy is small, and data are sparse. Real-world data are needed to examine the long-term benefits and risks of different forms of combination biologic therapies.
Mutation in the SLC2A9 Gene: A New Family with Familial Renal Hypouricemia Type 2
Authors: Christian Maalouli, Karin Dahan, Arnaud Devresse, Valentine Gillion
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Familial renal hypouricemia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a defect in renal tubular urate reabsorption. Some patients present with exercise-induced acute kidney injury and nephrolithiasis. Type II is caused by mutations in the SLC2A9 gene. Here, we report the case of a young patient who developed acute kidney injury after exercise secondary to familial renal hypouricemia type II. The same mutation was found in other asymptomatic members of his family. We review the medical literature on this condition. This case highlights the importance of considering uric acid disorders in the work-up of acute kidney injury after exercise.
A case of successfully treated rhinocerebral mucormycosis: dental implications
Authors: Nikolaos Papadogeorgakis, Eleni Parara, Vassilios Petsinis, Christina Vourlakou
Journal: Int J Dent (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This paper presents a case of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in a 22-year-old female patient with type I diabetes mellitus, who was successfully treated with surgery and long-term antifungal medication. The patient had initially been submitted to extraction of an upper third molar by a general dental practitioner but was referred to our department three days postoperatively because of double vision. Immediately following histopathological confirmation of the infection, the patient was administered Amphotericin B and Posaconazole intravenously. Surgical excision of the affected site was relatively conservative. The patient was free of the disease 15 months after initial admission to the hospital and has recently returned for reconstruction. The aim of this paper is to increase the awareness of general dental practitioners regarding uncommon serious conditions in diabetic patients, which may be confused with periodontal or dental diseases.
The Impact of Early Neuroimaging and Developmental Assessment in a Preterm Infant Diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Lily Gullion, Jennifer Stansell, Hunter Moss, Dorothea Jenkins, Turki Aljuhani, Patty Coker-Bolt
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Premature infants are at risk for cerebral palsy (CP) that is typically diagnosed between 18-24 months. We present a case study of an infant who was discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) without obvious neurological deficits but was later diagnosed with hemiplegic CP. The infant was enrolled in an infant motor study, which included neuroimaging and developmental motor assessments. At term, anatomical MRI showed bilateral periventricular leukomalacia, abnormal brain metabolites in frontal white matter via MR spectroscopy (MRS), and low fractional anisotropy (FA) values obtained from diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) in several cortical white matter tracts compared to a group of typically developing infants without neuroimaging abnormalities. In addition, the infant scored below average on a developmental assessment administered at term and three months as well as on the standard Bayley III assessment at 12 months. Abnormal neuroimaging and low scores on the early developmental assessment prompted referral for intervention services at two months. With intensive therapy, by 45 months, the infant was average in self-care, mobility, and communication skills, although below average in visual motor and gross motor coordination. This case highlights the clinical impact of early detection and referral using combined neuroimaging and developmental testing.
Dural ectasia: a manifestation of type 1 neurofibromatosis
Authors: Ilyas Derdabi, Hajar El Jouadi, Meryem Edderai
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2018)
Keywords: dural ectasia, anterior meningocele, neurofibromatosis type 1
MeSH terms: Dura Mater / pathology, Meningocele / diagnosis, Neurofibromatosis 1 / complications, Case Reports, Adult, Dilatation, Pathologic / etiology, Dilatation, Pathologic / pathology, Female, Humans, Meningocele / etiology, Thoracic Vertebrae

Dural ectasia denotes circumferential expansion or dilatation of the dural sac, and has been frequently reported in association with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1). The pathogenesis has not been defined, but its correlation with NF1 infers a congenital malformative hypothesis. The neural elements in the dilated sleeve typically are not enlarged or abnormal, nevertheless the enlarged area contain an increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid. The dura in the area of ectasia is extremely thin and fragile, and erodes the surrounding bony structures destabilising the spine and permitting spectacular spinal deformities. We present a case: a 40-year-old woman suffering from neurofibromatosis type 1 who developed a thoracic dural ectasia and anterior meningocele.
Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia: a case report
Authors: Yazan A Masannat, Stephen Whitehead, Ian Hawley, Lesley Apthorp, Elizabeth F Shah
Journal: Case Rep Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a rare benign proliferating breast condition. It was first reported in 1986 when Vuitch, Rosen, and Erlandson described nine cases of benign well-circumscribed, breast masses that simulated vascular lesions consisting of mammary stromal proliferations (Vuitch et al. (1986)). Since then there have been few reported cases of PASH in the literature (Taira et al. (2005)). We describe a large PASH, mimicking inflammatory carcinoma in a young lady that was excised with excellent cosmetic results.
Pseudoaneurysm of the Profunda Femoris Artery following Blunt Trauma Treated by Endovascular Coil Embolization: Review of Two Cases and Relevant Literature
Authors: Saptarshi Biswas, Patrick McNerney, Paul Kiproff
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Profunda femoris artery (PFA) pseudoaneurysm after blunt trauma without associated femur fracture is a rare occurrence. Most of the reported cases of PFA pseudoaneurysm in the English literature developed after penetrating trauma, surgical procedures, and femur fractures. We present two such cases following blunt trauma and without any associated long bone injury. After initial imaging failed to show any long bone fracture, CT angiography confirmed pseudoaneurysm of the branch of the PFA. Both patients were then treated with emergent coil embolization of the bleeding vessel. Pseudoaneurysms typically present late and signs of persistent hip pain, thigh swelling, presence of a pulsatile mass, and even unexplained anemia all may suggest the diagnosis. Recognition of PFA pseudoaneurysm requires high index of suspicion and is often difficult to diagnose clinically because of its location.
Binge Eating and Compulsive Buying During Cabergoline Treatment for Prolactinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Ana Carolina Correa E Castro, Andressa Alexandre de Araujo, Mariana Coelho Botelho, João Bosco Nascimento, Rafaela Marchon de Souza, Monica Roberto Gadelha, Antonio E Nardi, Alice Helena Dutra Violante
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2022)
Keywords: cabergoline, case report, compulsive behavior, impulsivity, prolactinoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Prolactinomas are the most prevalent functional pituitary adenomas. They are usually treated clinically with dopamine agonists. The most widely used and suitable drug is cabergoline (CAB), a specific D2 dopamine agonists. Patients in prolactinoma treatment with CAB commonly report physical side effects, but aberrant behavioral changes such as increased impulsivity have also been reported recently. We report the case of a 47-year-old Brazilian woman with prolactinoma that developed compulsive buying, binge eating, and hypersexuality after four years of CAB treatment. In her psychiatric evaluation, the patient scored high levels on the following scales: Compulsive Buying Scale (CBS), Binge Eating Scale (BES), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS11). She also reported financial problems and weight gain in addition to her social and clinical problems. Impulsivity disorders may appear with the use of CAB and other dopamine agonists. We suggest that more observational studies with a large patient sample and specific regular psychiatric evaluations during treatment are necessary for patients in use of CAB, especially those treated for several years.
Spontaneous haemothorax from an extramedullary haematopoietic mass
Authors: Mahesh Kudari, Colin G Ferrett
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2015)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report the presentation of a 43-year-old female with an unusual acute complication from an inherited blood dyscrasia. After a provisional working diagnosis of pulmonary embolus, the patient was finally diagnosed with spontaneous haemorrhage from extramedullary haematopoietic foci within the thorax.
Vascular anomaly in bilateral ectopic kidney: a case report
Authors: Gokhan Gokalp, Bahattin Hakyemez, Cuneyt Erdogan
Journal: Cases J (2010)

Ectopic kidney occurs as a result of a halt in migration of kidneys to their normal locations during embryonal period. While kidneys ascend through pelvis, they receive new branches from vessels (iliac and aorta) close to them. When they reach the highest point, they receive new branches from aorta and the former branches degenerate. Renal vessels do not degenerate in the ectopic caudal kidney, more than one accessory and polar arteries may arise. In various studies, a possibility of association between presence of multiple renal arteries and hypertension, has been reported. We aimed to present a case with bilateral ectopic kidney and vascular anomaly associated with hypertension and renal dysfunction.
Alcohol-induced Cushing syndrome: report of eight cases and review of the literature
Authors: Asif Surani, Ty B Carroll, Bradley R Javorsky, Hershel Raff, James W Findling
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: cushing syndrome, alcohol abuse disorder, cortisol, hypercortisolemia, phosphatidylethanol (peth)
MeSH terms: Cushing Syndrome / complications, Cushing Syndrome / diagnosis, Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / complications, Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion / diagnosis, Pituitary Diseases / complications, Review, Case Reports, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Deamino Arginine Vasopressin, Ethanol, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Hydrocortisone, Deamino Arginine Vasopressin, Ethanol, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Introduction:
Alcohol-induced hypercortisolism (AIH) is underrecognized and may masquerade as neoplastic hypercortisolism [Cushing syndrome (CS)] obscuring its diagnosis.
Objective and methods:
In order to characterize AIH, we performed a chart review of eight patients (4 males and 4 females; 2014-2022) referred for evaluation and treatment of neoplastic hypercortisolism - six for inferior petrosal sinus sampling, one due to persistent CS after unilateral adrenalectomy, and one for pituitary surgery for Cushing disease (CD). Five underwent dDAVP stimulation testing.
Results:
All eight patients had clinical features of hypercortisolism and plasma ACTH levels within or above the reference interval confirming hypothalamic-pituitary mediation. All had abnormal low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and increased late-night salivary cortisol. Only one had increased urine cortisol excretion. In contrast to CD, the 5 patients tested had blunted or absent ACTH and cortisol responses to desmopressin. Two had adrenal nodules and one had abnormal pituitary imaging. Most patients underreported their alcohol consumption and one denied alcohol use. Elevated blood phosphatidyl ethanol (PEth) was required in one patient to confirm excessive alcohol use. All patients had elevations of liver function tests (LFTs) with AST>ALT.
Conclusion:
AIH is an under-appreciated, reversible cause of non-neoplastic hypercortisolism that is indistinguishable from neoplastic CS. Incidental pituitary and adrenal imaging abnormalities as well as under-reporting of alcohol consumption further confound the diagnosis. Measurement of PEth helps to confirm an alcohol use disorder. Elevations of LFTs (AST>ALT) and subnormal ACTH and cortisol responses to dDAVP help to distinguish AIH from neoplastic hypercortisolism.
Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: A Gateway to Infrequent Availability of HLA-Matched Related Donors
Authors: Hafiz Muhammad Aslam, Shumaila Muhammad Iqbal, Hira Shaikh, Faizan A Faizee, Ambreen A Merchant, Marwan Shaheen, Shahrukh K Hashmi
Journal: Case Rep Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Haploidentical stem cell transplantation provides a plausible alternative for the patients when a fully matched donor is unavailable. Historically, the decision of considering haploidentical transplant has remained elusive; however, with the recent advances, the consideration of haploidentical grafts as a treatment option has become more apparent for both allografting for diseases and engraftment failure. We are reporting here an anecdotal case of a successful haploidentical engraftment in a patient with the prior graft failure of an HLA-matched related donor. Since the patient was severely alloimmunized, desensitization protocol was utilized before the haploidentical transplant, and the patient after 8 months of her second allogeneic transplantation is doing great with successful engraftment, no relapse, and no graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Numerous reports pertinent to haploidentical graft have shown favorable outcomes in the graft placement, a decline in the rate of GVHD, and an improvement in the morbidity and mortality in affected individuals. Based on the current reports, haploidentical transplantation might be more feasible and has meaningful implications in the situations where matched donors are infrequent.
Optimal Population-Level Infection Detection Strategies for Malaria Control and Elimination in a Spatial Model of Malaria Transmission
Authors: Jaline Gerardin, Caitlin A Bever, Busiku Hamainza, John M Miller, Philip A Eckhoff, Edward A Wenger
Journal: PLoS Comput Biol (2016)
MeSH terms: Malaria / prevention & control, Malaria / transmission, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Antimalarials / therapeutic use, Computational Biology, Disease Eradication, Humans, Malaria / drug therapy, Malaria / epidemiology, Population Surveillance / methods, Antimalarials

Mass campaigns with antimalarial drugs are potentially a powerful tool for local elimination of malaria, yet current diagnostic technologies are insufficiently sensitive to identify all individuals who harbor infections. At the same time, overtreatment of uninfected individuals increases the risk of accelerating emergence of drug resistance and losing community acceptance. Local heterogeneity in transmission intensity may allow campaign strategies that respond to index cases to successfully target subpatent infections while simultaneously limiting overtreatment. While selective targeting of hotspots of transmission has been proposed as a strategy for malaria control, such targeting has not been tested in the context of malaria elimination. Using household locations, demographics, and prevalence data from a survey of four health facility catchment areas in southern Zambia and an agent-based model of malaria transmission and immunity acquisition, a transmission intensity was fit to each household based on neighborhood age-dependent malaria prevalence. A set of individual infection trajectories was constructed for every household in each catchment area, accounting for heterogeneous exposure and immunity. Various campaign strategies-mass drug administration, mass screen and treat, focal mass drug administration, snowball reactive case detection, pooled sampling, and a hypothetical serological diagnostic-were simulated and evaluated for performance at finding infections, minimizing overtreatment, reducing clinical case counts, and interrupting transmission. For malaria control, presumptive treatment leads to substantial overtreatment without additional morbidity reduction under all but the highest transmission conditions. Compared with untargeted approaches, selective targeting of hotspots with drug campaigns is an ineffective tool for elimination due to limited sensitivity of available field diagnostics. Serological diagnosis is potentially an effective tool for malaria elimination but requires higher coverage to achieve similar results to mass distribution of presumptive treatment.