OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
The existence of a hypnotic state revealed by eye movements
Authors: Sakari Kallio, Jukka Hyönä, Antti Revonsuo, Pilleriin Sikka, Lauri Nummenmaa
Journal: PLoS One (2011)
MeSH terms: Eye Movements, Hypnosis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Female, Humans, Photic Stimulation

Hypnosis has had a long and controversial history in psychology, psychiatry and neurology, but the basic nature of hypnotic phenomena still remains unclear. Different theoretical approaches disagree as to whether or not hypnosis may involve an altered mental state. So far, a hypnotic state has never been convincingly demonstrated, if the criteria for the state are that it involves some objectively measurable and replicable behavioural or physiological phenomena that cannot be faked or simulated by non-hypnotized control subjects. We present a detailed case study of a highly hypnotizable subject who reliably shows a range of changes in both automatic and volitional eye movements when given a hypnotic induction. These changes correspond well with the phenomenon referred to as the "trance stare" in the hypnosis literature. Our results show that this 'trance stare' is associated with large and objective changes in the optokinetic reflex, the pupillary reflex and programming a saccade to a single target. Control subjects could not imitate these changes voluntarily. For the majority of people, hypnotic induction brings about states resembling normal focused attention or mental imagery. Our data nevertheless highlight that in some cases hypnosis may involve a special state, which qualitatively differs from the normal state of consciousness.
Prolonged Survival of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Intrathecal Treatments for Isolated Central Nervous System Relapse
Authors: Elan Gorshein, Sheila Kalathil, Mecide Gharibo
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is commonly cured when diagnosed in the pediatric population. It portends a poorer prognosis if present in adult patients. Although adults frequently achieve complete remission, relapse rates are substantial, particularly among the elderly and high-risk populations. In the absence of prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy, more than half of patients may develop CNS involvement or relapse, which is associated with significant risk for systemic illness. This report describes a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with repeated isolated CNS relapses. This case should remind clinicians that isolated CNS disease in the absence of systemic recurrence could successfully respond to intrathecal therapy and offer patients a favorable quality of life.
Sellar brain tumour co-existing with a left posterior communicating aneurysm causing ptosis: lessons learnt (case report)
Authors: Chiazor Onyia, Omotayo Ojo, Bruno Arekhandia
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2023)
Keywords: posterior communicating artery aneurysm, aneurysm, case report, multiple brain lesions, sellar brain tumour
MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms / surgery, Intracranial Aneurysm / complications, Meningeal Neoplasms / surgery, Meningioma / surgery, Case Reports, Brain, Craniotomy, Female, Humans, Middle Aged

Posterior communicating aneurysm (PCOM) commonly presents with ptosis of the eye. This is so also with space occupying lesion compressing the oculomotor nerve. It is quite uncommon for a patient to have both lesions at the same anatomical space concurrently causing ptosis. If undiagnosed before surgical intervention, surgical complications from such a complex neurosurgical problem can be extremely devastating. We share our recent experience with confusing clinical presentation and subsequent treatment of a sellar brain mass co-existing with a left posterior communicating artery aneurysm at the same location in a 48 years old woman who was successfully managed with left pterional craniotomy and clipping of the PCOM aneurysm followed by gross total excision of the lesion. She improved with full resolution of left ptosis within 2 months. The histology revealed WHO Grade 1 psammomatous meningioma. Although similar sorts of pathologies occurring together have been described in the literature, this unique experience underscores the importance of thoroughly evaluating neurosurgical cases clinically irrespective of findings from radiologic investigations in order to prevent unexpected intra-operative disasters and embarrassment. Moreso, this is important particularly in Africa where advanced investigations to easily identify such complex pathologies are not readily available.
Transient Budd-Chiari syndrome secondary to blunt traumatic bile fistula: A case report
Authors: Qimin Ma, Kai Cao, Pengfei Luo, Xiaobin Liu, Tuo Shen, Yusong Wang, Feng Zhu
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: budd–chiari syndrome, bile fistula, case report, inferior vena cava, trauma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is rarely caused by trauma. We reported a case of transient and secondary BCS post polytrauma that resulting from massive perihepatic and abdominal fluid and compressed liver, causing stenosis of the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins. This was a special BCS case related to but not directly caused by trauma. With conservative management and active surgical procedures, the patient recovered well.
Complete Resolution of Tumor Burden of Primary Cardiac Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Rina Mauricio, Ofole Mgbako, Adam Buntaine, Andre Moreira, Albert Jung
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary cardiac tumors are a rare set of benign and malignant neoplasms found in the heart or pericardium. We describe a patient presenting with nonspecific symptoms and ultimately diagnosed with primary cardiac non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PCL). Our patient had extensive tumor in the right ventricle, which extended into the right atrium and right ventricular outflow tract. The tumor also encased the right coronary artery, which manifested as ischemic changes on EKG and cardiac MRI. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and achieved complete remission, with dramatic and full resolution of the mass on repeat echocardiography in nine weeks. More studies are needed to understand the optimal management and prognosis of patients with PCL.
Polycythemia Vera Presenting as Cardiac Arrest: Novel Management Strategies
Authors: Mark I Davis, Brian K Courtney, Gideon Cohen, Stephanie Poon, Mina Madan
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) usually occur in patients with multiple cardiac risk factors. In young adults, drug use and hypercoagulable states are common causes for ACS presentations. We report a case of a man in his early 30s who was diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV) and had a cardiac arrest due to an anterolateral ST elevation myocardial infarction. We discuss his unique management and review the evidence on the management of arterial thromboembolism in PV patients.
Diagnosis and surgical management of congenital intestinal malrotation presenting with midgut volvulus in an adult: high index of suspicion (case report)
Authors: Gezahen Negusse Ayane, Khutsafalo Kadimo
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2018)
Keywords: congenital intestinal malrotation, anastomosis, case report, gangrenous, laparoscopic ladd´s, laparotomy, midgut volvulus
MeSH terms: Digestive System Abnormalities / diagnosis, Intestinal Obstruction / surgery, Intestinal Volvulus / diagnosis, Intestines / abnormalities, Case Reports, Adult, Age Factors, Colectomy / methods, Digestive System Abnormalities / surgery, Female, Humans, Intestinal Volvulus / surgery, Intestine, Small / surgery, Intestines / surgery, Laparoscopy / methods, Laparotomy / methods, Volvulus Of Midgut

Congenital intestinal malrotation is a gastrointestinal anomaly whose most serious complication is midgut volvulus. More commonly, it presents as an incidental finding at laparotomy, or as a finding on diagnostic imaging (Ultrasound, CT, Upper GI contrast study). Most patients are diagnosed in childhood. Laparoscopic Ladd's procedure is an accepted alternative to Laparotomy in children but has not been well-studied in adult. We present the case of this unexpected finding in a patient 38 years old, during emergency laparotomy for mechanical intestinal obstruction. Intra-operative findings included intestinal malrotation with small bowel volvulus. The terminal ilea and cecum were gangrenous on the basis of ischemic necrosis. A limited right hemycolectomy and primary end-to- end anastomosis was performed.
Brugada Phenocopy Induced by Recreational Drug Use
Authors: Adedoyin Akinlonu, Ranjit Suri, Priyanka Yerragorla, Persio D López, Tuoyo O Mene-Afejuku, Olatunde Ola, Carissa Dumancas, Jumana Chalabi, Gerald Pekler, Ferdinand Visco, Savi Mushiyev
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Recreational drugs are commonly abused in all age groups. Intoxication with these substances can induce silent but significant electrocardiographic signs which may lead to sudden death. In this case study, we present a 49-year-old male with no medical comorbidities who came to the emergency department requesting opioid detoxification. Toxicology screen was positive for cocaine, heroin, and cannabis. Initial electrocardiogram (EKG) showed features of a Brugada pattern in the right precordial leads, which resolved within one day into admission. This presentation is consistent with the recently recognized clinical entity known as Brugada phenocopy.
Rare presentation of double-clonal Waldenström macroglobulinemia with pulmonary embolism: A case report
Authors: Yan Sun, Fan-Jun Meng, Jun-Xia Huang, Xue-Shen Yan, Xia Zhao, Jing-Jing Zhou, Yan Gao
Journal: Open Life Sci (2023)
Keywords: waldenström macroglobulinemia, case report, double-clone, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, pulmonary embolism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) rarely leads to pulmonary embolism. Due to its low incidence, the underlying pathophysiology, prognosis, and optimal treatment remain largely unexplored and uninvestigated. In this study, a patient with a double-clonal WM, a rare subtype, presented with pulmonary embolism. The patient had a small number of plasma cells without morphological abnormalities, and an effective therapeutic response was observed. Nonetheless, the clinical prognosis requires a long-term follow-up.
EUS-FNA Diagnosis with Core Biopsy of Pancreatic Metastases from Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Samuel Galante Romanini, Juan Pablo Román Serrano, Juliana Silveira Lima de Castro, Isabela Trindade Torres, Alex Ingold, André Lucchiari Borini, Luiz Augusto Sanches Zulske, Maria Bruna Feitosa Matias, Jéssica Said de Marchi, José Andrés Sanchez Pulla, José Celso Ardengh
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
The pancreas as a site of metastasis of other primary tumors is a rare event. Pancreatic metastases may occur years after the start of treatment of a neoplasm of another organ or may be the initial manifestation of an unidentified primary tumor. The most commonly reported primary sites for pancreatic metastases are the kidneys, lungs, breast, bowel, and skin (melanoma). Case Summary. The authors report a case of pancreatic metastasis derived from a primary breast cancer that underwent endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) core biopsy to obtain tissue, which made it possible to perform an immunohistochemical study.
Conclusion:
We emphasize the importance of outpatient follow-up after the treatment of a neoplasia and the completion of control exams. In addition, we should always be aware of the finding of a secondary lesion in patients who have already been diagnosed with cancer, even if it is located in unusual organs, as in this case, where two metastases of a breast carcinoma to the pancreas were detected.
Single dose targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT) for breast cancer can be delivered as a second procedure under local anaesthetic
Authors: Jayant S Vaidya, Lynn Walton, John Dewar
Journal: World J Surg Oncol (2006)

Background:
Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is promising approach that is being tested in randomised clinical trials. In the Targit (TARGeted Intraopeartive radioTherapy) trial IORT can be delivered at the time of primary surgery or as a second procedure. Patients prefer the single procedure of intraoperative radiotherapy even if it is under general anaesthetic to 6-weeks of daily visits for conventional external beam radiotherapy.
Case presentation:
We report a case of a 70 year lady who underwent lumpectomy and axillary sampling and in whom we successfully administered IORT under local anaesthetic.
Conclusion:
In selected patients, this attractive option may make the procedure even more widely applicable.
Laparoscopic removal of pelvic hydatid cysts in young female: a case report
Authors: Kedar Gorad, Neeraj Rayate, Kunal Oswal, Ashish Krishna, Avanish Deshmukh, Sarvana Rajmanickam, Shailesh Puntambekar
Journal: Minim Invasive Surg (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hydatid disease is a zoonotic infection caused by larval stages of dog tapeworms belonging to the genus Echinococcus (family taeniidae) and is also referred to as echinococcosis. Human cystic echinococcosis caused by E. granulosus is the most common presentation and probably accounts for more than 95% of the estimated 2-3 million annual worldwide cases. The liver (70-80%) and lungs (15-25%) are the most frequent locations for echinococcal cysts. The diagnosis is made through the combined assessment of clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings. The treatment is mainly surgical, and, with appropriate diagnosis and treatment, prognosis is good. With advances and increasing experience in laparoscopic surgery, many more attempts have been made to offer the advantage of such a procedure to these patients (Chowbey et al. (2003)).
GRANDPA: GeneRAtive network sampling using degree and property augmentation applied to the analysis of partially confidential healthcare networks
Authors: Carly A Bobak, Yifan Zhao, Joshua J Levy, A James O'Malley
Journal: Appl Netw Sci (2023)
Keywords: confidentiality, generative graphs, healthcare data privacy, property graphs, simulation

Protecting medical privacy can create obstacles in the analysis and distribution of healthcare graphs and statistical inferences accompanying them. We pose a graph simulation model which generates networks using degree and property augmentation and provide a flexible R package that allows users to create graphs that preserve vertex attribute relationships and approximating the retention of topological properties observed in the original graph (e.g., community structure). We illustrate our proposed algorithm using a case study based on Zachary's karate network and a patient-sharing graph generated from Medicare claims data in 2019. In both cases, we find that community structure is preserved, and normalized root mean square error between cumulative distributions of the degrees across the generated and the original graphs is low (0.0508 and 0.0514 respectively).
Efficacy of t2∗-weighted gradient-echo MRI in early diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis with unilateral thalamic lesion
Authors: Shingo Mitaki, Shuhei Yamaguchi
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2013)

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon cause of stroke with diverse etiologies and varied clinical presentations. Because of variability in clinical presentation and neuroimaging, CVT remains a diagnostic challenge. Recently, some studies have highlighted the value of T2∗-weighted gradient-echo MRI (T2∗WI) in the diagnosis of CVT. We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with CVT due to a hypercoagulable state associated with cancer. On the initial T2-weighted image (T2WI), there was a diffuse high-intensity lesion in the right thalamus, extending into the posterior limb of the internal capsule and midbrain. T2∗WI showed diminished signal and enlargement of the right basilar vein and the vein of Galen. Even though there is a wide range of differential diagnoses in unilateral thalamic lesions, and a single thalamus lesion is a rare entity of CVT, based on T2∗WI findings we could make an early diagnosis and perform treatment. Our case report suggests that T2∗WI could detect thrombosed veins and be a useful method of early diagnosis in CVT.
Intramedullary conus medullaris metastasis from prostate carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Zengbao Wu, Siyi Xu, Chunlong Zhong, Yang Gao, Qiang Liu, Yan Zheng, Yang Guo, Yong Wang, Qizhong Luo, Jiyao Jiang
Journal: Oncol Lett (2014)
Keywords: conus medullaris metastasis, intramedullary spinal cord metastases, prognosis, prostate adenocarcinoma, treatment

Intramedullary spinal cord metastases (ISCMs) are rare and account for 4-8.5% of central nervous system metastases. Only one case of biopsy-proven ISCM due to prostate cancer has previously been reported. The current study presents an additional unique case of a 74-year-old male who developed symptoms from an intramedullary conus medullaris metastasis as the first manifestation of prostate adenocarcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, this scenario is even more rare and has not previously been reported. The tumor was radically resected, followed by androgen blockade treatment. The patient's neurological deficit significantly improved, with no tumor recurrence during the follow-up period. In addition, the present study provides an overview of the previous literature concerning ISCMs from prostate cancer, and discusses the treatment options.
Retrograde Ureteric Stents via an Ileal Conduit
Authors: Andrew Jack, Brent E Burbridge
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Patients having undergone pelvic exenteration with urinary diversion can present with short- and long-term complications such as ureteral strictures, anastomotic leakage, calculi, or fluid collections (abscess, urinoma, lymphocele, or hematoma). A dehiscence resulting in a perineal urinary fistula is an uncommon late complication of urinary diversion surgery; surgical treatment for this complication is less desirable because of postsurgical or radiation-induced pelvic changes that can occur. As a result, nephrostomy or antegrade stenting of the kidneys is more viable. Retrograde ureteric stent insertion is discussed in relation to a patient suffering from ileal conduit dehiscence. The presence of these stents probably helped diminish the potential for complications during subsequent nephrostomy tube insertion.
Acute phosphine poisoning on board a bulk carrier: analysis of factors leading to a fatal case
Authors: Brice Loddé, David Lucas, Jean-Marie Letort, Dominique Jegaden, Richard Pougnet, Jean-Dominique Dewitte
Journal: J Occup Med Toxicol (2015)
Keywords: bulk carrier, death, phosphine, poisoning, seafarer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objectives:
To determine accidental factors, clinical presentation and medical care in cases of seafarers presenting phosphine poisoning symptoms on board a bulk carrier. To consider primary prevention of this pathology, which can have extremely severe consequences.
Methods:
To analyse circumstances resulting in toxic exposure to phosphine in the sea transport sector. To obtain information from medical reports regarding the seafarer's rescue. To identify the causes of this accidental poisoning and how to establish an early, appropriate diagnosis thus avoiding other cases.
Results:
In February 2008, on board a bulk carrier with a cargo of peas, a 56-year-old seafarer with intense abdominal and chest pains, associated with dizziness, was rescued by helicopter 80 miles away from the coast. Despite being admitted rapidly to hospital, his heart rate decreased associated with respiratory distress. He lost consciousness and convulsed. He finally died of pulmonary oedema, major metabolic acidosis and acute multi organ failure. The following day, the captain issued a rescue call from the same vessel for a 41-year-old man also with abdominal pain, vomiting and dizziness. The ECG only revealed type 1 Brugada syndrome. Then 11 other seafarers were evacuated for observation. 3 showed clinical abnormalities. Collective poisoning was suspected. Medical team found out that aluminium phosphide pellets had been put in the ship's hold for pest control before the vessel's departure. Seafarers were poisoned by phosphine gas spreading through cabins above the hold. It was found that the compartments and ducts were not airtight.
Conclusion:
Unfortunately, a seafarer on board a bulk carrier died in 2008 because of acute phosphine poisoning. Fumigation performed using this gas needs to be done with extreme care. Systematic checks need to be carried out before sailing to ensure that the vessel's compartments are airtight.
Three-dimensional computed tomography image-oriented successful thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy for an esophageal cancer patient with an anomalous right superior pulmonary vein: A case report
Authors: Takeshi Matsubara, Noriyuki Hirahara, Hitomi Zotani, Nariyasu Tabara, Hideki Tabara, Yoshitsugu Tajima
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: 3d-ct, aberrant v2, esophageal cancer, right superior pulmonary vein, subcarinal lymphadenectomy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Subcarinal lymphadenectomy is an essential procedure in curative esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. The right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) and its branches are usually located in front of the right main or intermediate bronchus. However, an anomalous posterior branch (aberrant V2) of RSPV passes behind the right intermediate bronchus, where the aberrant V2 may be embedded in the subcarinal nodal packet. This can lead to unanticipated bleeding when dissecting the subcarinal lymph node. We present a case study on the use of preoperative three-dimensional contrast-enhanced computed tomography (3D-CT) for performing a safe video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery-esophagectomy in lower thoracic esophageal cancer.
Case presentation:
A 77-year-old man had esophageal cancer associated with an aberrant V2 passing behind the right intermediate bronchus. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a type 1 tumor in the lower thoracic esophagus. Contrast-enhanced and 3D-CT scans showed a space-occupying lesion with contrast enhancement and an aberrant V2 passing behind the right intermediate bronchus, respectively. The patient was then diagnosed with lower thoracic esophageal cancer (cT2cN1cM0 cStage II). As per the patient's request, he underwent a surgery-first approach followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery-esophagectomy (VATS-E) with three-field lymphadenectomy, and a large aberrant V2 involving the subcarinal nodal packet was recognized behind the right intermediate bronchus. After the thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection, laparoscopy-assisted reconstruction of the esophagus was performed with elevation of the gastric conduit to the neck. Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy was not observed. He started to receive rehabilitation for swallowing on day 3 and resumed oral intake on day 10 after surgery. The final pathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (pT3N1M0 pStageIII).
Conclusions:
Preoperative contrast-enhanced 3D-CT clearly depicted the aberrant V2, which enabled us to perform a safe VATS-E with three-field lymphadenectomy. Thorough understanding of the anatomical configuration of the pulmonary vessels and bronchus is important for avoiding unexpected bleeding during subcarinal lymphadenectomy. 3D-CT imaging study is useful for recognizing the anomalous RSPV before surgery.