OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Exaggerated object affordance and absent automatic inhibition in alien hand syndrome
Authors: Jennifer McBride, Petroc Sumner, Stephen R Jackson, Nin Bajaj, Masud Husain
Journal: Cortex (2013)
Keywords: alien limb, automatic inhibition, masked priming, object affordance
MeSH terms: Alien Limb Phenomenon / physiopathology, Inhibition, Psychological, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Aged, Alien Limb Phenomenon / complications, Alien Limb Phenomenon / pathology, Aphasia, Broca / complications, Articulation Disorders / complications, Basal Ganglia Diseases / complications, Basal Ganglia Diseases / pathology, Basal Ganglia Diseases / physiopathology, Cerebral Cortex / pathology, Cerebral Cortex / physiopathology, Female, Functional Laterality, Hand Strength, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neurodegenerative Diseases / complications, Neurodegenerative Diseases / pathology, Neurodegenerative Diseases / physiopathology, Perceptual Masking, Reaction Time, Repetition Priming

Patients with alien hand syndrome (AHS) experience making apparently deliberate and purposeful movements with their hand against their will. However, the mechanisms contributing to these involuntary actions remain poorly understood. Here, we describe two experimental investigations in a patient with corticobasal syndrome (CBS) with alien hand behaviour in her right hand. First, we show that responses with the alien hand are made significantly more quickly to images of objects which afford an action with that hand compared to objects which afford an action with the unaffected hand. This finding suggests that involuntary grasping behaviours in AHS might be due to exaggerated, automatic motor activation evoked by objects which afford actions with that limb. Second, using a backwards masked priming task, we found normal automatic inhibition of primed responses in the patient's unaffected hand, but importantly there was no evidence of such suppression in the alien limb. Taken together, these findings suggest that grasping behaviours in AHS may result from exaggerated object affordance effects, which might potentially arise from disrupted inhibition of automatically evoked responses.
Intraductal and invasive adenocarcinoma of duct of Luschka, mimicking chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis
Authors: Mumtaz Jahan, Philip Xiao, Alan Go, Muhammad Cheema, Arif Hameed
Journal: World J Surg Oncol (2009)
MeSH terms: Adenocarcinoma / diagnosis, Bile Duct Neoplasms / diagnosis, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, Cholecystitis / diagnosis, Cholelithiasis / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adenocarcinoma / secondary, Adenocarcinoma / surgery, Adult, Bile Duct Neoplasms / pathology, Bile Duct Neoplasms / surgery, Chronic Disease, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Liver Neoplasms / secondary, Liver Neoplasms / surgery, Neoplasm Invasiveness

Background:
Intraductal and invasive adenocarcinoma of duct of Luschka is rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of intraductal and invasive carcinoma arising from ducts of Luschka.
Case presentation:
Patient presented to hospital with signs and symptoms of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Ultrasound examination revealed thickening of gallbladder wall with abnormal septation around liver bed. Patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and resection of the adjacent liver bed. Histologic examination confirmed an intraductal and invasive adenocarcinoma arising from Luschka ducts.
Conclusion:
Adenocarcinoma of ducts of Luschka should be considered among differential diagnoses for the patients with typical clinical presentations of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.
Immediate hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycols in unrelated products: when standardization in the nomenclature of the components of drugs, cosmetics, and food becomes necessary
Authors: Vicente Jover Cerdá, Ramón Rodríguez Pacheco, Joan Doménech Witek, Francisco Manuel Marco de la Calle, María Luz de la Sen Fernández
Journal: Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol (2019)
Keywords: anaphylaxis, basophil activation test, excipient allergy, hypersensitivity, polyethylene glycol
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and their derivatives are non-ionic polymers of ethylene oxide commercially available with numerous synonyms, such as macrogol, oxyethylene polymer, and laureth-9. Although these polymers are usually safe, mild to life-threatening immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. Nevertheless, awareness about their allergic potential is minimal due to the non-standardization of their nomenclature.
Case presentation:
We present the case of a 29-years-old woman who developed several local and systemic type I hypersensitivity reactions including a severe anaphylactic reaction to different pharmacologic and cosmetic products whose excipients included PEG. Prick tests and basophil activation tests were performed to several pharmacological and cosmetic products, but only those containing PEGs and their derivatives were positive. The patient was diagnosed with immediate hypersensitivity IgE-mediated to PEGs and its derivatives.
Conclusions:
Standardization of the terminology used to describe the presence of PEGs in products would help patients to identify them clearly and unequivocally and thus avoid the development of hypersensitivity reactions. It is also recommended studying PEG allergy in reactions to products containing PEGs, once allergy to the active ingredients has been excluded and in reactions to multiple unrelated drugs.Clinical study protocol number PI2018/29 (registered on 24 September 2018).
Dental Implant in the Canalis Sinuosus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: José Alcides Arruda, Pedro Silva, Luciano Silva, Pâmella Álvares, Leni Silva, Ricardo Zavanelli, Cleomar Rodrigues, Marleny Gerbi, Ana Paula Sobral, Marcia Silveira
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The canalis sinuosus is a neurovascular canal, a branch of nerve of infraorbital canal, through which the anterior superior alveolar nerve passes and then leans medially in course between the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus, reaching the premaxilla in the canine and incisor region. The purpose of this article is to report a case with the presence of canalis sinuosus, in order to alert and guide professionals and discuss the morphology of this anatomical variation avoiding trans- and postsurgical disorders in dental implants. A 51-year-old female was attended to in a radiology clinic, reporting paresthesia in the right upper lip region and painful symptomatology after the installation of an implant in the corresponding region. The case revealed the presence of canalis sinuosus in imaging exams. The knowledge of this anatomical variation is essential for professionals, because attention to this region prevents irreversible damage. Therefore, the use of imaging examinations is recommended during the planning stages and treatment and after surgery in patients undergoing surgery in this area.
Dermoscopy of cylindroma
Authors: Horacio Cabo, Florencia Pedrini, Emilia Cohen Sabban
Journal: Dermatol Res Pract (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Dermoscopy provides additional criteria for the diagnosis of nonpigmented skin lesions. Case Report. An 80-year-old woman presented with an isolated, firm, dome-shaped, erythematous nodule with surface telangiectasia on her forehead. Dermoscopy showed areas of background pink coloration with arborizing telangiectasia, blue dots/globules, and ulceration. Histologic analysis revealed features of cylindroma. Conclusion. Our case suggests that cylindromas may be added to the list of adnexal tumors mimicking BCC.
Improvement and Neuroplasticity after Combined Rehabilitation to Forced Grasping
Authors: Michiko Arima, Atsuko Ogata, Kazumi Kawahira, Megumi Shimodozono
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The grasp reflex is a distressing symptom but the need to treat or suppress it has rarely been discussed in the literature. We report the case of a 17-year-old man who had suffered cerebral infarction of the right putamen and temporal lobe 10 years previously. Forced grasping of the hemiparetic left upper limb was improved after a unique combined treatment. Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) was first injected into the left biceps, wrist flexor muscles, and finger flexor muscles. Forced grasping was reduced along with spasticity of the upper limb. In addition, repetitive facilitative exercise and object-related training were performed under low-amplitude continuous neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Since this 2-week treatment improved upper limb function, we compared brain activities, as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy during finger pinching, before and after the combined treatment. Brain activities in the ipsilesional sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and medial frontal cortex (MFC) during pinching under electrical stimulation after treatment were greater than those before. The results suggest that training under electrical stimulation after BTX-A treatment may modulate the activities of the ipsilesional SMC and MFC and lead to functional improvement of the affected upper limb with forced grasping.
Case Report: Frontalis sign for early bedside consideration of impending uncal herniation
Authors: Sunil Munakomi, Bijoy Mohan Kumar
Journal: F1000Res (2016)
Keywords: trauma, herniation, sign

It is prudent to have early diagnosis and timely management of uncal herniation for better management of neurosurgical patients. There are several clinical and radiological armamentariums that aid in early recognition of the condition. Through this case report, we try to highlight a simple bedside clinical sign that can be a valuable adjunct in early recognition of the impending uncal herniation especially in scenarios wherein it is difficult to assess the pupillary size and reactivity correctly. The improvement in the sign also confirms the resolution of the mass effect in the postoperative period. This is especially helpful for doctors working in the periphery or in resource restrained areas, for a timely referral of the patient to tertiary centre.
Adult-onset woakes' syndrome: report of a rare case
Authors: U Schoenenberger, A J Tasman
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2015)

Introduction. Woakes' syndrome, commonly defined as severe recurrent nasal polyps with consecutive destruction of the nasal pyramid, is rare with only a few reports in the literature documenting surgical treatment of the external nose. Case Presentation. We describe the case of an adult patient with Samter's triad who had been surgically treated from nasal polyposis since 2002. By 2014 a conspicuous deformity of the nasal pyramid had progressively occurred due to a recurrence. The patient underwent revision endoscopic sinus surgery and narrowing of the bony nasal vault by digital compression without osteotomies. Discussion. Having been described over 130 years ago, the etiology of Woakes' syndrome remains poorly understood. Treatment includes endoscopic sinus surgery and topical treatment. Surgical treatment of the external nose deformity by rhinoplasty is rarely addressed. Conclusion. This case illustrates that the widening of the bony nasal vault may be successfully corrected by digital compression, if the nasal bones are substantially thinned, in combination with surgical treatment of nasal polyps.
A Case of Hepatic Glomerulosclerosis with Monoclonal IgA1- κ Deposits
Authors: Yusuke Okabayashi, Nobuo Tsuboi, Naoko Nakaosa, Kotaro Haruhara, Go Kanzaki, Kentaro Koike, Akihiro Shimizu, Akira Fukui, Hideo Okonogi, Yoichi Miyazaki, Tetsuya Kawamura, Makoto Ogura, Akira Shimizu, Takashi Yokoo
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Glomerular immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposition is a common finding in hepatic glomerulosclerosis; thus, this disease is also called hepatic IgA nephropathy. However, only a small number of patients with hepatic IgA nephropathy have active glomerular lesions, so functional decline is slow in most cases. In this report, we describe a 60-year-old man who developed nephrotic syndrome and progressive renal impairment during follow-up for alcoholic liver cirrhosis. A renal biopsy showed a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like pattern; diffuse double-contours of the glomerular basement membrane and focal active glomerular lesions with moderate-to-severe endocapillary proliferation and fibrocellular crescents. Immunofluorescence findings revealed granular staining for monoclonal IgA1-κ and C3 on the peripheral capillary walls. Laboratory examinations did not reveal any definitive evidence of myeloproliferative disorders. Therefore, this case may represent a previously unrecognized etiology of renal injury in relation to liver cirrhosis that is characterized by monoclonal IgA1-κ deposits and proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Amyand's Hernia: A Radiological Solution of a Surgical Dilemma
Authors: Nitish Raj, Brian T Andrews, Raja Sood, Iqra Saani, Michael Conroy
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: acute appendicitis, amyand's hernia, appendix, computerised tomography scan, inguinal hernia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Amyand's hernia is a rare condition whereby the appendix lies within the sac of an inguinal hernia; rarer still, the appendix can become inflamed (acute appendicitis) and is frequently misdiagnosed as a strangulated inguinal hernia. We report a case of Amyand's hernia complicated with acute appendicitis. In this case an accurate preoperative diagnosis was provided by a preoperative Computerised Tomography (CT) scan, permitting planning of treatment by a laparoscopic approach.
Single Stage Endovascular Treatment of a Type 2 Abernethy Malformation: Successful Nonsurgical Outcome in a Case Report
Authors: Carl Kraus, Vladimir Sheynzon, Robert Hanna, Joshua Weintraub
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2015)

Abernethy malformations are a rare collection of congenital hepatic portosystemic shunts. Our 19-year-old patient is with a type 2 Abernethy malformation elected permanent shunt closure following worsening dyspnea. This report details a single stage endovascular technique wherein shunt closure was achieved immediately by placement of an aortic endograft. At 5-month follow-up, the patient reported decreased shortness of breath. Furthermore, ultrasound investigation demonstrated a patent portal vein and right heart catheterization 6 months after procedure revealed decreased pulmonary hypertension relative to preprocedure values. This one step method may serve as an alternative treatment strategy to multistage endovascular closure techniques of type 2 Abernethy malformations.
Case report: Ultrasound-guided multi-site electroacupuncture stimulation for a patient with spinal cord injury
Authors: Xi-Zi Song, Xiao-Lei Chu, Tao Liu, Yu-Tong Cao, Rui-Xin Li, Ming-Wei Gao, Qing-Wen Li, Xiao-Song Gu, Dong Ming
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: case report, electroacupuncture stimulation, nerve, spinal cord injury, ultrasound-guided
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Spinal cord injury causes permanent neurological deficits, which have devastating physical, social, and vocational consequences for patients and their families. Traditional Chinese medicine uses acupuncture to treat neuropathic pain and improve nerve conduction velocity. This treatment can also reduce peripheral nerve injury joint contracture and muscle atrophy in affected patients. And it's got a remarkable restoration when electrical stimulation therapy on impaired peripheral nerves in animal models and clinical trials.
Case description:
A 48-year-old woman was hit by a heavy object that injured her lower back. The patient had a T12-L1 vertebral flexion and stretch fracture with traumatic spinal stenosis. The patient was transferred to the rehabilitation department after posterior T12-L2-segment pedicle screw system distraction and reduction, internal fixation, decompression, and bone graft fusion. Ultrasound-guided electroacupuncture was used to stimulate the sacral nerve, the spinal nerve, and the head of the patient, accompanied by spinal joint loosening training, respiratory training, lumbar comprehensive sports training, paraplegic limbs comprehensive training, and other manipulative treatment.
Outcomes:
After the intervention, the patient showed significant improvements in sensory and motor scores, resulting in functional recovery according to ASIA and FIM. The patient gradually showed reasonable functional remission.
Discussion:
The sacral nerve, the spinal cord, and the head were electrically stimulated by ultrasound-guided electroacupuncture in terms of intervention, and various functions of the patient were alleviated to a certain extent. The efficacy of ultrasound-guided electroacupuncture stimulation in treating neurologic symptoms should be validated in future clinical trials.
Oncocytic Carcinoma of the Cranio-Orbital Area: A Case Report
Authors: Peng Yang, Libin Jiang, Honggang Liu, Jialiang Zhang, Jun Kang
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: cranio-orbital, craniotomy, oncocytic carcinoma, orbital, paranasal sinus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Oncocytic carcinoma is a malignant tumor characterized by a proliferation of epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. In this article, we report on the first case of a 61-year-old male patient presenting with oncocytic carcinoma involving the cranio-orbital area. An oncocytic carcinoma in the patient, who reported a sudden decrease in vision in his right eye, was removed through a frontal orbital approach craniotomy. The patient's postoperative development was rapid, and he was admitted to the neurosurgery department for a combined operation after ophthalmological screening. Pathological analysis revealed the tumour cells were large, round or polygonal, and the cytoplasm was finely granular and appeared to be more pleomorphic than the eosinophilic adenoma. Oncocytic carcinoma in the cranio-orbital area is extremely rare. The most effective treatment is early resection to be performed jointly by ophthalmology and neurosurgery, and long-term follow-up and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy are beneficial.
A Rare Case of Diffuse Hemangiomatosis of the Spleen with Splenic Rupture following Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: F Capilli, M Weinbeck, M Czerny, M Siepe, T Krauss
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this paper we present a rare case of splenic rupture that occurred after an open aortic valve replacement in a male patient with hemangiomatosis of the spleen and the liver. The patient was treated with an emergency splenectomy. He showed no other sings of associated systemic disorder, such as Klippel-trénaunay syndrome or Proteus syndrome.
Autism spectrum disorder and Coffin-Siris syndrome-Case report
Authors: Luka Milutinovic, Roberto Grujicic, Vanja Mandic Maravic, Ivana Joksic, Natasa Ljubomirovic, Milica Pejovic Milovancevic
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: arid1b, coffin–siris syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, developmental disorders, neurodevelopment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disorders characterized by deficits in social communicative skills and the occurrence of repetitive and/or stereotyped behaviors. Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is classically characterized by aplasia or hypoplasia of the distal phalanx or nail of the fifth and additional digits, developmental or cognitive delay of varying degrees, distinctive facial features, hypotonia, hirsutism/hypertrichosis, and sparse scalp hair. In this study, we present a detailed description of autistic traits in a boy diagnosed with CSS and further discuss their genetic backgrounds.
Case description:
An 8-year-old boy with ASD, congenital anomalies, and neurological problems had been diagnosed with Coffin-Siris syndrome after genetic testing. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous de novo pathogenic variant (class 5) c.1638_1647del in the ARID1B gene that is causative of Coffin-Siris syndrome but also other intellectual disability (ID)-related disorders, including autism. Tests that preceded the diagnoses, as well as congenital anomalies and developmental issues, were further described in an attempt to better present his phenotype.
Conclusion:
Both autism and ARID1B-related disorders are on a spectrum. This report points out the importance and necessity of further research regarding the genetic backgrounds of these disorders to understand their complex etiology.
Electroacupuncture on Hemifacial Spasm and Temporomandibular Joint Pain Co-Morbidity: A Case Report
Authors: Jian-Peng Huang, Zhan-Mou Liang, Qi-Wen Zou, Jie Zhan, Wen-Ting Li, Sheng Li, Kai Li, Wen-Bin Fu, Jian-Hua Liu
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: case report, co-morbidity, electroacupuncture, hemifacial spasm, temporomandibular joint pain
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain are common facial diseases which cause depression, anxiety, insomnia, and poor quality of life. However, currently there are still no effective therapies to treat HFS and TMJ. Electroacupuncture (EA) has advantages of safety, rapid work, easy operation and convenience. Here, we reported a case of a 50-year-old woman who presented with irregular spasm of eyelids and facial muscles on the left side, and TMJ pain on the right side. The patient had been treated with carbamazepine (20mg per day) and alternative therapies for a year, but still not much improvement in the symptoms. The scores of the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS), global rating scale (GRS), and visual analog scale (VAS) were 7, 60, and 7 points, respectively. The EMG test showed that the spastic side had higher R1 amplitude, longer R2 duration, and larger R2 area than the non-spasmodic side, and the occurrence rate of the lateral spread responses (LSR) in the Orbicularis oris and the Orbicularis oculi muscle was 60% and 40%, respectively. We considered this patient had left HFS and right TMJ pain. EA was successfully undertaken for two periods over 30 weeks. After EA, JRS and VAS were reduced sharply, and the symptoms of HFS were stable without recurrence. However, the frequency of the lower eyelid increased gradually during the 6-month follow-up. These findings reveal that EA with the frequency of 2 Hz and intensity of ~ 1-2 mA may be a benefit for alleviating symptoms of HFS and TMJ pain without adverse reaction. The potential mechanisms of EA in HFS and TMJ pain co-morbidity involve brain stem mechanism and DNIC mechanism for distal acupuncture and segmental mechanism for local acupuncture analgesia.
Case Report: My lung broke my heart! Takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to pneumonia
Authors: Navid Ahmed, Himali Gandhi, Daniel B Sims
Journal: F1000Res (2018)
Keywords: cardiology, geriatrics, heart failure, pneumonia, sepsis, takotsubo cardiomyopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC), also known as stress-induced cardiomyopathy, is a cardiac syndrome that often mimics acute myocardial infarction. TTC is commonly triggered by physical or emotional stress; however, acute infection is a rarer etiology. This report concerns the case of an 82-year-old female who presented with non-positional and non-pleuritic chest pain, with an associated fever and cough and chest x-ray findings consistent with pneumonia. Cardiac enzymes and ECG findings were consistent with acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, during coronary angiography, no coronary artery disease could explain the patient's ACS. A post-catheterization echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction of 25%, with apical akinesis. A repeat echocardiogram 4 weeks after presentation showed a normal EF and normal wall motion, confirming a diagnosis of TTC.