OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Tooth adornment among siblings living in an urban slum in Nigeria: Health implications for a vulnerable population
Authors: Mary E Osuh, Olaide H Oyaniran, Tobi S Tunde-Alao, Folake B Lawal, Gbemisola A Oke, Jackson I Osuh, Bronwyn Harris, Yen-Fu Chen, Richard J Lilford
Journal: Clin Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: dental jewelry, fabric stone, rhinestone, super‐glue
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tooth jewelry boosts the appearance and confidence of wearers. However, its use may carry adverse health consequences. This paper creates awareness about a practice not previously reported in Nigeria, to prevent negative health consequences while appropriate measures are taken to quantify and describe the determinants and plan appropriate interventions.
Impact of Standardized Allergen-Removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes Extract on Advanced Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: A Case Series
Authors: Woncheol Choi, Soomin An, Eunmi Kwon, Wankyu Eo, Sanghun Lee
Journal: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med (2013)

Background. Adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (AAV) is a rare malignancy that has a better prognosis than other periampullary cancers. However, the standard treatment for patients with relapsed or metastatic AAV has not been established. We investigated the clinical feasibility of standardized allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua stokes (aRVS) extract for advanced or metastatic AAV. Patients and Methods. From July 2006 to April 2011, we retrospectively reviewed all patients with advanced AAV treated with aRVS extract alone. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 12 patients were eligible for the final analysis. We assessed the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of these patients during the follow-up period. Results. The median aRVS administration period was 147.0 days (range: 72-601 days). The best tumor responses according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors were as follows: two with complete response, two with stable disease, and eight with progressive disease. The median OS was 15.1 months (range: 4.9-25.1 months), and the median PFS was 3.0 months (range: 1.6-11.4 months). Adverse reactions to the aRVS treatment were mostly mild and self-limiting. Conclusions. Prolonged survival was observed in patients with advanced AAV under the treatment of standardized aRVS extract without significant adverse effects.
Case Report: Four cases of SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome with SARS-CoV-2-positive cerebrospinal fluid detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a retrospective case series from China
Authors: Yalin Guan, Changshen Yu, Yunhan Fei, Qiushi Wang, Pan Wang, Wenchao Zuo, Hao Wu, Xuemei Qi, Qiyun Shi
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: covid-19, guillain-barré syndrome, sars-cov-2, cerebrospinal fluid, metagenomic next-generation sequencing
MeSH terms: COVID-19 / complications, COVID-19 / diagnosis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome / diagnosis, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, China, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, RNA, Viral / genetics, Retrospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2, RNA, Viral

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is often absent or at low levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with previous SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This has led to speculation that SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS is more likely mediated by post-infectious immunity or a parainfection. This understanding has influenced the development of treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS. This paper reports our experience with four Chinese patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the CSF. They developed symptoms of peripheral nerve damage 4-15 days after fever and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, all of whom presented with progressive weakness of both lower limbs; three with autonomic nerve function impairment such as constipation and urination disorder; and one with polycranial neuritis and Miller-Fisher syndrome. Three patients were tested for anti-ganglioside antibodies, and one tested positive for GD1a-IgG. Four patients recovered well after treatment with anti-viral drugs combined with intravenous immunoglobulin. The present results showed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected via mNGS in the CSF of some patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS may have multiple pathogeneses.
Individualised Homeopathic Therapy in ANCA Negative Rapidly Progressive Necrotising Crescentic Glomerulonephritis with Severe Renal Insufficiency - A Case Report
Authors: Seema Mahesh, Latika Jaggi, Atul Jaggi, Dionysios Tsintzas, George Vithoulkas
Journal: J Med Life (2019)
Keywords: aav
MeSH terms: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic / metabolism, Disease Progression, Glomerulonephritis / immunology, Glomerulonephritis / pathology, Homeopathy, Precision Medicine, Renal Insufficiency / complications, Case Reports, Female, Glomerulonephritis / complications, Glomerulonephritis / diagnosis, Humans, Middle Aged, Renal Dialysis, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-negative Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a severe form of autoimmune renal injury with a bleak prognosis. A 60-year-old Indian woman was treated with classical homeopathy for ANCA-negative RPGN, and after one year of treatment, serum creatinine and other parameters indicating renal injury dropped steadily despite the withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs; renal dialysis, which was conducted twice a week initially, was made rarer and stopped after one year. Classical homeopathy may be considered a potential therapeutic modality in severe pathologies. Controlled studies are required to establish further the extent to which classical homeopathy may relieve patients from procedures such as dialysis that cause considerable physical and economic discomfort.
Towards a post-age picturebook pedagogy
Authors: Xiaofei Shi
Journal: Humanit Soc Sci Commun (2022)
Keywords: education, literature

This article is one of the first attempts to materialise Joanna Haynes and Karin Murris' conceptualisation of the post-age pedagogy that focuses on loosening the boundaries of age-based expectation. The project is conducted against the backdrop of the discourse of ageism existing hand-in-hand with various age-transgressive practices. It involved multiple case studies of child and adult readers' responses to two picturebooks, i.e., How to Five Forever (1995) and Grandpa Green (2011). The two research questions are: how do children and adults respond to Forever and Grandpa? What is the pattern of similarities and differences in their responses? In addressing these research questions, the present study aims to facilitate the emergence of a post-age picturebook pedagogy. The findings reveal that a post-age picturebook pedagogy should acknowledge the chance of holistic learning opportunities that picturebooks can offer to both children and adults, including, for instance, aesthetic appreciation, literary understanding, emotional engagement, and material experience. Such a pedagogy involves an egalitarian view of child and adult that acknowledges some biologically determined differences subject to the factor of age and meanwhile emphasises their shared humanity and idiosyncrasies, thus undermining the binary division between simple child and sophisticated adult. The material affordances of a picturebook can be deployed to amplify the points of connection and dialogue in child and adult readers' responses and a post-age picturebook pedagogy should strive to enrich interpretive and experiential possibilities for diverse readerships. In comparison with the existing empirical studies using picturebooks, this project positions adults as readers who can enjoy picturebooks for their own sake rather than co-readers whose responsibility is mainly to facilitate child readers' learning and development. It stresses and seeks to maximise the potential of picturebooks for creating a beneficial and pleasant experience for all involved, both child and adult, an aspect that has long been overlooked.
Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis difficult to treat in immunocompetent patient: case report and literature review
Authors: Jéssica Mauricio Batista, Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins, Caryne Margotto Bertollo
Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) (2021)
MeSH terms: Histoplasmosis / drug therapy, Case Reports, Review, Histoplasma, Humans

Histoplasmosis is an infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. The disease is endemic in several regions of tropical and temperate climate. The fungus presents opportunistic behavior, causing widespread infection in immunocompromised patients, resulting from complication of primary pulmonary infection, due to exogenous reinfection or reactivation of a quiescent source. In immunocompetent individuals, approximately 95% of pulmonary infections are asymptomatic. However, prolonged exposure to high amount spores may lead to acute or chronic lung infection. Due to the low amount of inoculum, primary cutaneous histoplasmosis caused by traumatic implantation is extremely rare and effectively treated with triazoles. Thus, the present study aims to report a case of primary cutaneous histoplasmosis that is difficult to treat in an immunocompetent patient, and to review the literature on the incidence of drug-resistant Histoplasma capsulatum strains in clinical practice.
Coccidioidomycosis Masquerading as Eosinophilic Ascites
Authors: Kourosh Alavi, Pradeep R Atla, Tahmina Haq, Muhammad Y Sheikh
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2015)

Endemic to the southwestern parts of the United States, coccidioidomycosis, also known as "Valley Fever," is a common fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs in both acute and chronic forms. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is the most severe but very uncommon and usually occurs in immunocompromised individuals. It can affect the central nervous system, bones, joints, skin, and, very rarely, the abdomen. This is the first case report of a patient with coccidioidal dissemination to the peritoneum presenting as eosinophilic ascites (EA). A 27-year-old male presented with acute abdominal pain and distention from ascites. He had eosinophilia of 11.1% with negative testing for stool studies, HIV, and tuberculosis infection. Ascitic fluid exam was remarkable for low serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG), PMN count >250/mm(3), and eosinophils of 62%. Abdominal imaging showed thickened small bowel and endoscopic testing negative for gastric and small bowel biopsies. He was treated empirically for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, but no definitive diagnosis could be made until coccidioidal serology returned positive. We noted complete resolution of symptoms with oral fluconazole during outpatient follow-up. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis can present in an atypical fashion and may manifest as peritonitis with low SAAG EA. The finding of EA in an endemic area should raise the suspicion of coccidioidal dissemination.
Capillary Malformation-Arteriovenous Malformation Combined Alagille Syndrome in a Patient With Double Gene Variations of RASA1 and NOTCH2
Authors: Yu Zheng, Yuming Peng, Shuju Zhang, Liping Li, Yu Peng, Qiang Yin
Journal: Front Genet (2019)
Keywords: abernethy malformation, alagille syndrome, congenital heart disease, double gene variations, liver, port-wine stain, vascular malformation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by CMs, often in association with fast-flow vascular malformations. Alagille syndrome is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder, usually involving hepatic, cardiac, ophthalmic, skeletal, or renal dysplasia. The combination of CM-AVM and Alagille syndrome in a patient presenting serious vascular malformations in the liver and heart has never been reported. Here, we report the case of a 20-month-old infant presenting these two diseases. Case presentation: The patient manifested port-wine stains, congenital heart disease, cholestasis with abnormal morphology, and vascular anomalies. Color Doppler (B-mode) ultrasonography, and radiological imaging including computed tomography (CT) with enhanced three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and angiography, revealed a type II Abernethy malformation in the hepatic portal vein. The left hepatic lobe was enlarged showing dilation of the portal vein and the left artery. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified a paternally inherited RASA1 heterozygous pathogenic variant p.(Ser219Ter) causing CM-AVM and a de novo NOTCH2 heterozygous variant p.(Met2042Thr) associated with Alagille syndrome. Conclusion: This is the first case of combined CM-AVM and Alagille syndrome presenting serious liver and heart abnormalities diagnosed using imaging technology and WES. The patient harbored variants in two genes: RASA1 and NOTCH2, which rarely contribute to aberrant vascular development. This report highlights the value of accurately diagnosing similar diseases and guiding therapy using genetic testing combined with careful clinical examinations.
Case Report: A Novel AChR Epsilon Variant Causing a Clinically Discordant Salbutamol Responsive Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome in Two Egyptian Siblings
Authors: Marta Gómez-García de la Banda, Emmanuel Simental-Aldaba, Nagia Fahmy, Damien Sternberg, Patricia Blondy, Susana Quijano-Roy, Edoardo Malfatti
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: chrne, congenital myasthenic syndrome, neuromuscular junction, salbutamol, β2 adrenergic agonists
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are inherited disorders that lead to abnormal neuromuscular transmission. Post-synaptic mutations are the main cause of CMS, particularly mutations in CHRNE. We report a novel homozygous CHRNE pathogenic variant in two Egyptian siblings showing a CMS. Interestingly, they showed different degrees of extraocular and skeletal muscle involvement; both presented only a partial response to cholinesterase inhibitors, and rapidly and substantially ameliorated after the addition of oral β2 adrenergic agonists. Here, we enlarge the genetic spectrum of CHRNE-related congenital myasthenic syndromes and highlight the importance of a β2 adrenergic agonists treatment.
Osteoid Osteoma of the Maxilla Presenting as Dental Implant Pain
Authors: R Al Sadhan, A Alosaimi, R Al Shagroud, M U Zaman, M S Allahyani
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign osteogenic lesion, regularly noticed in young individuals. A solitary lesion most frequently appears in long bones but is extremely rare in jawbones. Pain is a distinguishing characteristic of this lesion. Herein, we report a rare case of an OO in the right maxilla of a 37-year-old male presenting as pain associated with dental implants. Clinical and radiographic features were indicative of a benign neoplasia of boney origin. An excisional biopsy and histological examination of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. Surgical excision was followed by immediate relief of most of the pain. His follow-up visits were documented; complete relief of symptoms with no complications was observed during the postoperative period. There was no evidence of recurrence at a two-year follow-up. Osteoid osteoma of the maxilla may present as pain related to dental implants, and careful radiographic assessment of the entire jawbone should be considered if diagnosis of dental implant pain is unclear.
Resistance exercise reduces skeletal muscle cachexia and improves muscle function in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Salaheddin Sharif, James M Thomas, David A Donley, Diana L Gilleland, Daniel E Bonner, Jean L McCrory, W Guyton Hornsby, Hua Zhao, Mathew W Lively, Jo Ann A Hornsby, Stephen E Alway
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease associated with cachexia (reduced muscle and increased fat). Although strength-training exercise has been used in persons with RA, it is not clear if it is effective for reducing cachexia. A 46-year-old woman was studied to determine: (i) if resistance exercise could reverse cachexia by improving muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional area, and muscle function; and (2) if elevated apoptotic signaling was involved in cachexia with RA and could be reduced by resistance training. A needle biopsy was obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle of the RA subject before and after 16 weeks of resistance training. Knee extensor strength increased by 13.6% and fatigue decreased by 2.8% Muscle mass increased by 2.1%. Average muscle fiber cross-sectional area increased by 49.7%, and muscle nuclei increased slightly after strength training from 0.08 to 0.12 nuclei/μm(2). In addition, there was a slight decrease (1.6%) in the number of apoptotic muscle nuclei after resistance training. This case study suggests that resistance training may be a good tool for increasing the number of nuclei per fiber area, decreasing apoptotic nuclei, and inducing fiber hypertrophy in persons with RA, thereby slowing or reversing rheumatoid cachexia.
Delayed diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a 32-year-old man with knee pain
Authors: Francesco Agnello, Massimo Galia, Giuliana Guadagnino, Viola Ricceri, Federico Midiri, Claudia Colomba
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 32-year-old Bangladeshi male was admitted at our emergency department for trauma of the left knee. The radiographs showed absence of fracture, and presence of an indeterminate oval lucency in the proximal tibia. Further examinations were suggested, but the patient refused. 6 months later, the patient re-presented at our emergency department. A CT scan showed progression of musculoskeletal involvement and spread to the liver. This case underlines the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of indeterminate bone lesions in immigrant patients.
Imitators of chronic pancreatitis: diffuse neuroendocrine tumour of the pancreas
Authors: Haresh Naringrekar, Ashley Vogel, Anthony Prestipino, Haroon Shahid
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a rare case of diffuse replacement of the pancreas with neuroendocrine tumour mimicking chronic pancreatitis. A 55-year-old female with no significant past medical history initially presented with abdominal pain in 2006. A CT of the abdomen and pelvis was performed, revealing diffuse pancreatic parenchymal calcifications with mild pancreatic ductal dilatation and no discrete mass. She was diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis and followed clinically until 2015, where she presented with recurrent abdominal pain. A repeat CT and MRI of the abdomen were performed which revealed new hypoenhancing masses within the pancreas, particularly in the pancreatic tail. There was a persistent background of pancreatic parenchymal calcifications. The possibility of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour was raised, and an indium-111 Octreotide scan was recommended. Diffuse intense uptake was identified throughout the pancreas on the indium-111 imaging. Given the concern for neuroendocrine tumour, a total pancreatectomy was performed, with histopathology revealing replacement of the pancreas with coalescing well-circumscribed nodules. Many of the nodules had numerous calcifications and localized amyloid deposition. Immunohistochemical stains of the neoplastic cells were strong for neuroendocrine markers chromogranin A and synaptophysin. Overall the findings were consistent with numerous neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas, Grade II, as per the 2010 WHO criteria for neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas. Neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas are lesions that arise from the islet cells, with an approximate incidence of five cases per million people per year. Only one other case report has been documented in the literature by Singh et al demonstrating diffuse pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour replacing the entire pancreas. As diffuse pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour can look similar on imaging to chronic pancreatitis or other infiltrative processes, we wanted to present this case and some of the more specific imaging findings in distinguishing these entities.
Case report: Mature extragonadal teratoma at the proximal part of the tail in a kitten
Authors: Sirintra Sirivisoot, Naklop Siripara, Nlin Arya, Somporn Techangamsuwan, Anudep Rungsipipat, Tanit Kasantikul
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2022)
Keywords: cat, extragonadal, histopathogy, mature form, teratoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An 8-month-old, intact male, domestic shorthair cat was referred for a mass on the proximal ventral part of the tail which had been found since the animal was born, and due to the presence of a linear fissure with rows of ectopic teeth, the veterinarian suspected that the mass had recently ruptured. Tail amputation was elected and the entire mass was successfully surgically excised. From the gross examination, this mass had an open cyst-like structure with a prominent area composed of hair, teeth, and bone. Histopathology revealed two components of germinal layers including hair follicles, adnexal tissue, neural tissue, teeth, muscle, fat, bone, and lymphatic vessels. The histopathological diagnosis was consistent to mature teratoma. Although, complete excision could not be definitively confirmed histologically, this kitten is currently well and has not developed any recurrent mass at the surgical site after 2 years of post-operation.
Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Treated Successfully with Totally Endoscopic First Rib Resection
Authors: Sofoklis Mitsos, Davide Patrini, Sara Velo, Achilleas Antonopoulos, Martin Hayward, Robert S George, David Lawrence, Nikolaos Panagiotopoulos
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a constellation of signs and symptoms caused by compression of the neurovascular structures in the thoracic outlet. TOS may be classified as either neurogenic TOS (NTOS) or vascular TOS: venous TOS (VTOS) or arterial TOS (ATOS), depending on the specific structure being affected. The basis for the surgical treatment of TOS is resection of the first rib, and it may be combined with scalenectomy or cervical rib resection. Herein, we describe a case of arterial thoracic outlet syndrome which was successfully treated with totally endoscopic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) first rib resection.
Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome and Thrombotic Microangiopathy as Complications of COVID-19 in a Child: A Case Report
Authors: Samira Shizuko Parreão Oi, Monique Pereira Rêgo Muniz, Igor Murad Faria, Natalino Salgado Filho, Dyego José Araújo de Brito, Joyce Santos Lages, Letícia Pádua Lauande, Thina Klicia Mendonça Oliveira, Kaile de Araújo Cunha, Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes Neves, Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, acute kidney injury, lupus nephritis, multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, thrombotic microangiopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Clinical presentations of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection are quite varied, ranging from asymptomatic conditions to potentially fatal disease. The kidney is one of the affected targets of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complications, and renal dysfunction is a significant prognostic factor for mortality. This report describes a series of clinical complications in a previously healthy child who developed nephritic syndrome with a concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection. These complications include acute kidney injury that progressed to chronicity, multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, Kawasaki-like syndrome, and thrombotic microangiopathy.