OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Successful Treatment of Pneumothorax in a Dog With Sterile Pleural Fibrosis Caused by Chylothorax
Authors: Sina Rehbein, George Manchi, Achim D Gruber, Barbara Kohn
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2019)
Keywords: nsaid, canine, chylothorax, meloxicam, pleural fibrosis, pneumothorax ex vacuo, unexpandable lung
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 2-year-old, 12 kg, intact male crossbreed dog was presented with respiratory distress, exercise intolerance, and gagging. Plain thoracic radiographs revealed severe pleural effusion. Although bilateral needle thoracocentesis and chest tube placement were performed, no re-expansion of the lung lobes occurred. Pleural effusion was of chylous quality and led to lung entrapment. Computer tomography revealed a highly atrophic and atelectatic right middle lung lobe. The remaining lung lobes were only expanded to ~40%. Visceral pleura and pericardium showed a heterogeneous thickening consistent with pleural fibrosis. Partial pericardiectomy with resection of the middle lung lobe through a right lateral thoracotomy was performed. Ligation of the thoracic duct and ablation of the cisterna chyli was achieved through a single paracostal approach. Histopathology revealed chronic-active proliferative beginning granulomatous pleuritis, fibrotic pericarditis, and partial coagulative necrosis with incomplete granulomatous sequestration in the resected middle lung lobe. Chylothorax resolved after surgical intervention. Active pleural effusion resolved, and lung entrapment changed to trapped lung disease. The remaining lung lobes re-expanded to ~80% over the following 6 days. The dog was discharged 10 days later. Mild to moderate pleural effusion of non-chylic quality was present during the following 4 months. Meloxicam was administered for 4 months because of its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Fifteen months later, thoracic radiographs revealed full radiologic expansion of the lungs with persistent mild pleural fibrosis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of pneumothorax due pleural fibrosis caused by chylothorax in a dog with an excellent clinical outcome.
Case Report: Radiological Features of Sclerosing Epithelioid Fibrosarcoma in the Right Fibula
Authors: Qiaoling Ding, Xiaotong Shao, Xiaocao Liu, Yanbiao Fu, Fengbo Huang, Chao Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2020)
Keywords: bone tumor, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, fibula, magnetic resonance imaging, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is an extremely rare, aggressive malignant subtype of fibrosarcoma. Only dozens of cases of primary SEF in the bone have been reported so far, without case involving fibula reported in literature to date. Herein we report the first case of primary SEF in the right fibula in a 19-year-old man. In this case report, we firstly give a comprehensive description of fibula SEF, including its complete clinical course and radiological findings.
Case presentation:
A 19-year-old man presented with a half-year history of soreness in the right lower leg. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right lower leg were performed. Based on the radiological examinations, a diagnosis of malignant tumor arising in the fibular diaphysis was made. Final diagnosis of primary SEF in the right fibula was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations after surgical resection. The patient had no signs of recurrence or metastasis during a 24-month follow-up.
Conclusion:
We report an exceedingly rare case of primary SEF in the right fibula and its radiological features with CE-CT and MRI.
Unsuccessful Stent Graft Repair of a Hepatic Artery Aneurysm Presenting with Haemobilia: Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Xing Gao, Jeroen de Jonge, Hence Verhagen, Wouter Dinkelaar, Sander Ten Raa, Marie Josee van Rijn
Journal: EJVES Vasc Forum (2021)
Keywords: arterio-biliary fistula, embolization, graft infection, haemobilia, hepatic aneurysm, liver ischemia
MeSH terms: Review

Aims:
To discuss treatment strategies for non-traumatic, non-iatrogenic hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) in the presence of an arteriobiliary fistula, illustrated by a case and followed by a comprehensive review of the literature.
Methods:
Following the PRISMA guidelines, 24 eligible HAA cases presenting with haemobilia were identified. Characteristics of patients, aneurysms, treatment strategies and their outcomes were collected.
Results:
A 69 year old patient with no previous hepatobiliary intervention or trauma, presented with jaundice and haemobilia caused by a HAA. Initial treatment by endovascular stenting was chosen to prevent ischaemic liver complications. Unfortunately, this strategy failed because of stent migration due to ongoing infection leading to a type 1A endoleak. The patient had to be converted to open surgery with ligation of the HAA. The patient recovered uneventfully and no complications occurred during the following 12 months.
Comprehensive literature review:
Of the 24 cases, nine had a true HAA and 15 were pseudo/mycotic aneurysms, mainly caused by endocarditis or cholecystitis. The majority were located in the right hepatic artery. In 20 cases, an endovascular first approach was chosen with embolisation, none with covered stents. Three of these cases had to be converted to open surgery because of rebleeding. In all open (primary or secondary) cases, ligation of the HAA was performed. One patient in these series died. No liver ischaemia or abscesses were reported, although one patient developed an ischaemic gallbladder.
Conclusions:
Patients who present with a HAA and haemobilia may be treated safely by embolisation or open ligation. Using a covered stent graft in these patients can cause problems due to ongoing infection and should be monitored closely by imaging. Publication bias and lack of long term follow up imply cautious interpretation of these findings.
Case report: acute bowel obstruction with an isolated transition point in peritoneal dialysis patients; a presentation of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis?
Authors: Sassan Ghazan-Shahi, Joanne M Bargman
Journal: BMC Nephrol (2016)
MeSH terms: Colonic Diseases / etiology, Ileal Diseases / etiology, Intestinal Obstruction / etiology, Peritoneal Dialysis / adverse effects, Peritoneal Fibrosis / complications, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy, Lupus Nephritis / therapy, Middle Aged, Peritoneal Fibrosis / diagnosis

Background:
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is classically described as progressive sclerosis and cocooning of the entire peritoneum; however, there has been limited number of reported cases of localized fibrosis as a variant form.
Case presentation:
We describe two cases of acute bowel obstruction with isolated transition points in the setting of long-term peritoneal dialysis.
Conclusion:
We postulate that some of the cases of small bowel obstruction with an obvious transition point in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients may represent a unique and localized form of EPS. We aim to emphasize the presence of macroscopic variations in presentation of EPS.
[Knowledge and practice of Brazilian pediatricians concerning gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants]
Authors: Ana Cristina Fontenele Soares, Carla Lima de Freitas, Mauro Batista de Morais
Journal: Rev Paul Pediatr (2015)
Keywords: conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde, fórmulas infantis, gastroesophageal reflux, health knowledge, attitudes, practice, infant, infant formula, lactente, professional practice, prática profissional, refluxo gastroesofágico, vomiting, vômito
MeSH terms: Gastroesophageal Reflux / therapy, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatrics, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Brazil, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Self Report

OBJECTIVE::
To assess the knowledge and practice of pediatricians about infants with physiological reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease. METHODS::
140 pediatricians were interviewed during two scientific events in 2009 and 2010. The questions referred to two clinical cases of infants. One with symptoms of infant regurgitation (physiological reflux) and another with gastroesophageal reflux disease. RESULTS::
Among 140 pediatricians, 11.4% (n=16) and 62.1% (n=87) would require investigation tests, respectively for infant regurgitation (physiological reflux) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. A series of upper gastrointestinal exams would be the first requested with a higher frequency. Medication would be prescribed by 18.6% (n=6) in the case of physiological reflux and 87.1% (n=122) in the case of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Prokinetic drugs would be prescribed more frequently than gastric acid secretion inhibitors. Sleeping position would be recommended by 94.2% (n=132) and 92.9% (n=130) of the respondents, respectively for the case of physiological reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, about half of the respondents would recommend the prone position. Only 10 (7.1%) of the pediatricians would exclude the cow's milk protein from the infants' diet. CONCLUSIONS::
Approaches different from the international guidelines are often considered appropriate, especially when recommending a different position other than the supine and prescription of medication. In turn, the interviews enable us to infer the right capacity of the pediatricians to distinguish physiologic reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease correctly.
Paradoxical Immune Reconstitution Syndrome Presenting as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Leukemia Patient during Neutrophil Recovery
Authors: Issam A Alawin, Bernard M Karnath
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in the setting of antiretroviral therapy is well described, but it is not as common in non-HIV patients; here, we present a case of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome in a leukemia patient who had neutropenic fever and septic shock after high-dose cytarabine. During neutropenia recovery, his chest X-ray showed progressive worsening despite being on adequate therapy, we started him on steroids which resulted in significant clinical improvement.
Small Cell Carcinoma of Prostate: A Case Report of a Patient With Concomitant Transitional Cell Cancer of the Bladder
Authors: Waiel Abusnina, Eric Yiman Auyoung, Mohammed Megri, Toni Pacioles
Journal: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: prostate cancer, small cell cancer

Small cell carcinomas (SCCs) are aggressive neoplasms commonly associated with a pulmonary origin. However, albeit rare, extrapulmonary SCC can occur in a variety of sites with an incidence in North America approximated to be 0.1% to 0.4%. Among these sites, approximately 10% of extrapulmonary SCC cases occur in the prostate and are associated with a poor mortality with a median survival of 10 months. Because of the rarity of the prostatic SCC, there is no formal treatment protocol. In this case report, we present a patient who was diagnosed with SCC in the prostate as primary origin. Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy was started, which he is tolerating so far. While the management of metastatic disease is well documented with the use of chemotherapy, specific data on nonmetastatic disease is lacking. As some studies suggest, a combined surgical and chemotherapeutic approach is helpful in localized disease. In our case, this approach has led to a good clinical outcome in a disease that does not usually allow such results.
Dural and Leptomeningeal Spine Metastases of Breast Cancer
Authors: Fernando Matos, Luís Cerqueira
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a case of a 57-year-old female diagnosed with invasive ductal breast cancer, which was treated and in remission for 12 years. In 2018 she presented a progressive dorsal back pain, which prevented her from performing basic tasks. An MR study was performed and revealed the presence of an extramedullary metastatic sleeve located in the thoracic intradural space. Concomitant multiple small nodular foci were adhering diffusely to the spinal cord, compatible with leptomeningeal metastatic disease. The occurrence of both forms of spread in the spine is uncommon, and its distinction on imaging is of particular importance taking into account the differences in treatment approach and prognosis.
Autoscopic phenomena: case report and review of literature
Authors: Francesca Anzellotti, Valeria Onofrj, Valerio Maruotti, Leopoldo Ricciardi, Raffaella Franciotti, Laura Bonanni, Astrid Thomas, Marco Onofrj
Journal: Behav Brain Funct (2011)
MeSH terms: Epilepsy / physiopathology, Hallucinations / physiopathology, Parietal Lobe / physiopathology, Case Reports, Review, Adult, Body Image, Depression / complications, Dominance, Cerebral / physiology, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy / complications, Female, Hallucinations / complications, Humans, Suicide / psychology

Background:
Autoscopic phenomena are psychic illusory visual experiences consisting of the perception of the image of one's own body or face within space, either from an internal point of view, as in a mirror or from an external point of view. Descriptions based on phenomenological criteria distinguish six types of autoscopic experiences: autoscopic hallucination, he-autoscopy or heautoscopic proper, feeling of a presence, out of body experience, negative and inner forms of autoscopy.
Methods and results:
We report a case of a patient with he-autoscopic seizures. EEG recordings during the autoscopic experience showed a right parietal epileptic focus. This finding confirms the involvement of the temporo-parietal junction in the abnormal body perception during autoscopic phenomena. We discuss and review previous literature on the topic, as different localization of cortical areas are reported suggesting that out of body experience is generated in the right hemisphere while he-autoscopy involves left hemisphere structures.
Chronic Tenosynovitis due to Mycobacteria kansasii in an Immunocompetent Host
Authors: Michael S Wang, Michael Berry, Alissa Lehto-Hoffman, Linh Vi, Nina Ramessar
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of a healthy 56-year-old male who presented with chronic swelling and erythema in his right hand. He had a prior chemical exposure several years ago and subsequent exposure to freshwater, fish tank, and soil. Laboratory data showed a slightly elevated CRP. An MRI was consistent with suggestive of flexor tenosynovitis. He underwent surgical debridement and was diagnosed with Mycobacterium kansasii. He was treated with clarithromycin, rifampin, and isoniazid, but subsequent susceptibility testing revealed resistance to isoniazid. Isoniazid was switched to ethambutol, but further susceptibility testing also suggested resistance to ethambutol. Antimicrobial therapy was stopped at 6 months due to clinical recovery, and the patient is currently doing well as of 6 months postdiscontinuation of therapy.
Recurrent Enterolithiasis Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Seldom Described
Authors: Ashish Lal Shrestha, Pradita Shrestha
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Enterolithiasis of the small bowel is a rare phenomenon in humans although it has been frequently described in equines. Primary enteroliths have been described including those occurring secondary to conditions like Crohn's disease, small bowel diverticula, tuberculous or postoperative strictures, and blind loops but those occurring in an otherwise normal gut are exceedingly rare. Of even greater rarity is a recurrent small bowel enterolith presenting with obstruction. This may be the first report of such kind.
Case presentation:
A 70-year-old man undergoing treatment for stable alcoholic liver disease presented to the emergency with gradually progressive diffuse abdominal pain associated with vomiting and constipation for 7 days. He had gaseous abdominal distention but was not obstipated. He had a history of 2 laparotomies in the past for small bowel obstruction secondary to enterolith impaction. He was initially managed conservatively but since there was no significant clinical improvement, he underwent an exploratory laparotomy. A recurrent enterolith 5 × 5 cm in size was found impacted in the mid ileum with multiple dense serosal adhesions and bands. Adhesiolysis and enterotomy with removal of enterolith were performed.
Conclusion:
Recurrent enterolithiasis of the small bowel is a rare phenomenon and may present with recurrent obstruction. Definitive preoperative diagnosis is not always possible and a high index of suspicion is required to avoid table misdiagnosis. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment once conservative measures fail. Laparoscopic methods may help in diagnosis and avoid possibility of a subsequent adhesive bowel obstruction but are associated with technical challenges.
Successful salvage and long-term survival after recurrent malignant rhabdoid tumor
Authors: Ryan Horazdovsky, J Carlos Manivel, Edward Y Cheng
Journal: Sarcoma (2007)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose. The objective of this study is to report a case of a rare, highly lethal tumor, extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor (EMRT) in a 43-year-old man who initially presented with a local recurrence and is now continuously disease free 14 years after aggressive surgical treatment. The case and literature are discussed.
Bite Reconstruction in the Aesthetic Zone Using One-Piece Bicortical Screw Implants
Authors: Stefan Ihde, Łukasz Pałka, Maciej Janeczek, Piotr Kosior, Jan Kiryk, Maciej Dobrzyński
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The aim of this article was to present the clinical application of a new, smooth surfaced one-piece bicortical screw implant with immediate loading protocol. An 18-year-old, healthy male patient with a history of total dislocation and replantation of teeth 11 and 21 in early childhood was admitted to the clinic. Teeth 11 and 21 were extracted, and two long one-piece implants were inserted at extraction sockets in one surgical session under local anesthesia. Temporary composite crowns were placed in the patient on the same day. After 3 months, the single-phase two-layer impression was made and the composite crowns were replaced with metal-ceramic crowns. After 12 months, satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were obtained.
A Novel Mutation in TSC2 Gene: A 34-Year-Old Female with Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis with Concomitant Hepatic Lesions
Authors: Mehdi Nadiri, Mortaza Raeisi, Seyed Ali Mousavi Aghdas
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disease resulting from mutation(s) in TSC1 or TSC2 genes. TSC is associated with the formation of hamartomas in the brain, heart, eyes, skin, kidneys, and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) of the lungs. LAM is almost restricted to women in reproductive age. Different mutations in TSC1 and TSC2 genes have been reported in the literature. Here, we present a female patient with TSC-LAM with a novel mutation in TSC2 gene. The patient also had multiple hepatic angiomyolipomas, which is a relatively less-reported manifestation of the disease. The impact of this mutation on the pattern of disease presentation and response to treatment is not clear yet.
Intravitreal Brolucizumab for Choroidal Neovascularization Associated to Angioid Streaks
Authors: Somnath Chakraborty, Jay Umed Sheth
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 44-year-old-female with angioid streak- (AS-) associated choroidal-neovascularization (CNV) was treated with one dose of intravitreal brolucizumab (IB). At one-month, the patient's visual acuity (VA) improved from 20/120 to 20/40 with a dry macula on spectral-domain optical-coherence tomography (SD-OCT). After observation, the VA improved further to 20/32 with absence of any fluid on the SD-OCT at three months. No ocular or systemic adverse events were noted. In conclusion, intravitreal brolucizumab (IB) is an efficacious and safe therapeutic option for the management of CNV secondary to AS. Further prospective studies with a larger sample size, varied therapeutic regimens, and longer follow-up period are needed to corroborate our findings.
Testicular necrosis as a complication of severe epididymo-orchitis: a case report
Authors: Faisal Ahmed, Fayed Al-Yousofy, Qasem Alyhari, Iman Alyabary, Shams Alzubairi, Saleh Al-Wageeh, Ebrahim Al-Shami, Menawar Dajenah, Ahmed Al-Hitari
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2022)
Keywords: testicular necrosis, case report, complication, epididymo-orchitis, orchiectomy
MeSH terms: Epididymitis / complications, Epididymitis / etiology, Orchitis / complications, Orchitis / etiology, Soft Tissue Injuries, Case Reports, Abscess / complications, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Necrosis / complications, Anti-Bacterial Agents

The symptoms of epididymo-orchitis (EO) are usually mild, but serious complications such as abscess and testicular necrosis can occur. There are a few cases of testicular necrosis secondary to EO to our knowledge. We present a case of a 60-year-old diabetic male patient who presented with left scrotal pain and fever in the last week. The scrotal ultrasonography (US) revealed increased flow of the left testicle in favour of the left EO. After seven days of antibiotic therapy, the patient´s condition worsened and developed into a scrotal abscess. The scrotal US showed scrotal abscess with the absence of left testicular arterial vascularity in favour of testicular necrosis. For that, a left orchiectomy was performed, and a histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis. In conclusion, testicular necrosis secondary to EO is a rare occurrence. When there is a suspicion of EO, medical therapy should be started as soon as possible to avoid significant complications.
Brugada Phenocopy Type 1 Secondary to Synthetic Cannabinoids
Authors: Mohammad Amro, Kelechukwu U Okoro, Kanaan Mansoor, Ahmed Amro, Paul Okhumale
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Brugada phenocopies (BrP) are clinical entities that have EKG tracings similar to the congenital Brugada syndrome (BrS) but without ventricular tachyarrhythmias or sudden cardiac death. BrP is caused by various factors such as metabolic disturbances (electrolyte imbalance), drugs, mechanical compression of the mediastinum, and inflammatory conditions such as myocarditis or pericarditis. We present a very rare case of a young patient who had a Brugada phenocopy Type 1 suspected to be secondary to synthetic cannabinoids.
Anticholinergic toxicity in a one-year-old male following ingestion of Lupinus mutabilis seeds: case report
Authors: Adrian Ernesto Flores-Pamo, Elinor Pisano, Nilton Yhuri Carreazo
Journal: Sao Paulo Med J (2018)
MeSH terms: Anticholinergic Syndrome / etiology, Eating, Foodborne Diseases / etiology, Lupinus / poisoning, Case Reports, Alkaloids / poisoning, Anticholinergic Syndrome / blood, Anticholinergic Syndrome / diagnosis, Cholinergic Antagonists, Foodborne Diseases / blood, Foodborne Diseases / diagnosis, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Infant, Male, Alkaloids, Cholinergic Antagonists, Hypoglycemic Agents

Context:
The seeds from Lupinus mutabilis Sweet, also called "chocho", are an important part of the diet in several countries in South America. Prior to consumption, processing is required to remove toxic alkaloids. These alkaloids are known to have pharmacological properties as antiarrhythmics, antimuscarinics and hypoglycemics.
Case report:
We report a case in which a one-year-old male initially presented with altered mental status and respiratory distress and subsequently developed symptoms of anticholinergic toxicity, after ingesting a large amount of chocho seeds.
Conclusion:
In spite of going through a difficult clinical condition, the subject evolved favorably through receiving supportive treatment. The seeds from Lupinus mutabilis provide nutritional benefits when consumed, but people need to know their risks when these seeds are consumed without proper preparation.