OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Psychiatrization in mental health care: The emergency department
Authors: Timo Beeker
Journal: Front Sociol (2022)
Keywords: case study, emergency care, health system research, medicalization, overdiagnosis, psychiatric epidemiology, psychiatrization, transdisciplinary research

Background:
In the light of high incidences of diagnosed mental disorders and the growing utilization of mental healthcare services, a progressing psychiatrization of society has been hypothesized as the underlying dynamic of these developments. Mental healthcare institutions, such as psychiatric hospitals, may play a decisive role in this. However, there is a scarcity of research into how psychiatrization emerges in hospital settings. This paper explores whether the emergency department (ED) can be considered as a site where psychiatrization happens, becomes observable, and which factors in the context of the ED may be its potential drivers.
Methods:
Two cases as encountered in an interdisciplinary ED will be presented in the following in an anonymized way. Although the cases originate from individual consultations, they can be considered as prototypical. The cases were collected and discussed using the method of interactive interviewing. The results will be analyzed against the backdrop of current theoretic concepts of psychiatrization.
Findings:
The ED can be seen as an important area of contact between society and psychiatry. Decisions whether to label a certain condition as a "mental disorder" and to therefore initiate psychiatric treatment, or not, can be highly difficult, especially in cases where the (health) concerns are rather moderate, and clearly associated with common life problems. Psychiatrists' decisions may be largely influenced in favor of psychiatrization by a wide array of disciplinary, institutional, interpersonal, personal, cultural, and social factors.
Conclusions:
The ED appears to be a promising field for research into the mechanisms and motives through which psychiatrization may emerge in mental healthcare settings. Psychiatrists in the ED work within a complex sphere of top-down and bottom-up drivers of psychiatrization. Encounters in the ED can be an important step toward adequate support for many individuals, but they also risk becoming the starting point of psychiatrization by interpreting certain problems through the psychiatric gaze, which may induce diagnoses of questionable validity and treatment of little use.
A Giant Cavernous Hemangioma of the Left Atrioventricular Groove
Authors: Chengming Fan, Changming Tan, Demiao Kong, Jinfu Yang, Shuwen Yuan, Sijie Wu
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 10-year-old Chinese female diagnosed with an asymptomatic giant cardiac cavernous hemangioma was reported. The patient originally tended to observation because this unusual cardiac tumoral mass was discovered incidentally during routine health examination of transthoracic echocardiography. Over 5 years of follow-up, the mass had enlarged obviously, and the patient visited our outpatient clinic and was prone to excision. Subsequently, a total resection surgery of the tumor was performed, and the tumor was found to be located on the left atrioventricular groove with complete packing membrane. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 4 and remains asymptomatic on last follow-up.
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Resulting in Genital Tract Obstruction and Sexual Dysfunction: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Anwar Sadat Seidu, Haruna Danamiji Osman, Kingsley Appiah Bimpong, Kwame Afriyie
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is the practice of cutting parts of the female external genitalia in fulfillment of sociocultural obligations and in some cases for nonmedical reasons. It is classified into 4 main types depending on the extent of cutting. Some forms of FGM/C are common in at least 29 countries globally, mainly in Africa. The overall prevalence of FGM/C in Ghana is approximately 4%. The motivation for this practice varies from community to community but includes the fulfillment of cultural values, uplifting the girl child, and, according to some reports, reducing sexual desire and promiscuity. The objective of this article is to illustrate how FGM/C resulted in sexual dysfunction in a young woman married for 2 years. We present a 19-year-old female who was subjected to female genital cutting in her formative years who presented with apareunia for 2 years in her marriage. We illustrated how FGM/C led to a genital tract obstruction with resultant sexual dysfunction. Examination revealed a Type 3 FGM/C (infibulation) with almost complete occlusion of the genital tract. She underwent a successful defibulation and resumed sexual activity with her husband within 6 weeks of the procedure.
Unilateral morning glory disc anomaly in a patient with prenatal Zika virus exposure
Authors: Sofía M Muns, Mónica P González, Victor M Villegas, Gabriela de la Vega, Camila V Ventura, Audina M Berrocal
Journal: Int J Retina Vitreous (2020)
Keywords: coloboma, excavated disc anomaly, morning glory disc anomaly, optic disc, zika virus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
To report a case of morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) in a pediatric patient with prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure.
Case presentation:
A 3-year-old male with prenatal exposure to ZIKV, confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction testing during the second trimester of pregnancy, was evaluated due to visual loss. Physical examination was remarkable for unilateral MGDA. Neuroimaging showed a base of skull encephalocele through the floor of the sella and callosal dysgenesis.
Conclusions:
This is the first report to suggest an association between prenatal ZIKV exposure and MGDA. Prenatal ZIKV exposure may be associated to a wider pathologic spectrum than previously reported.
Case report: Daratumumab treatment in pre-transplant alloimmunization and severe hemolytic anemia
Authors: Maria A Pereda, Smitha Hosahalli Vasanna, Neha J Desai, Victoria Deng, Amma Owusu-Ansah, Mari H Dallas, Irina Pateva, Jignesh Dalal
Journal: Front Immunol (2022)
Keywords: cd38 monoclonal antibody, daratumumab, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, non malignant, pediatrics
MeSH terms: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / drug therapy, Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / etiology, Multiple Myeloma, Case Reports, Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects, Child, Humans, daratumumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal

Daratumumab, a CD38 monoclonal antibody that has been FDA-approved to treat multiple myeloma, has acquired popularity and is used off-label for both auto- and alloantibody mediated disorders, particularly in refractory/resistant circumstances. Much of the published data for its use in pediatric blood disorders has been in post-transplant autoimmune cytopenias. Here we describe three patients in whom daratumumab was used outside of post-transplant autoimmune cytopenias, highlighting further potential uses of this medication.
An ectopic breast tissue presenting with fibroadenoma in axilla
Authors: Anandhi Amaranathan, Kanchana Balaguruswamy, Ramachandra V Bhat, Manash Kumar Bora
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2013)

Introduction. The congenital anomalies of breast, especially the polymastia (supernumerary breast) and polythelia (supernumerary nipple), always do not fail to amuse the clinicians because of their varied presentations, associated renal anomalies, and pathologies arising from them. The axillary polymastia is a variant of ectopic breast tissue (EBT). Ectopic breast tissue can undergo the same physiological and pathological processes as the normally located breast. The incidence of fibroadenoma developing in ectopic breast is reported as a rare entity, the most common being the carcinoma. Case Presentation. A 31-year-old Dravidian female presented with a lump of 4 cm in the right axilla for the past year which gradually increased in size, giving discomfort. Our initial differential diagnosis was fibroadenoma, lipoma, and lymphadenopathy. Further investigation and histopathological report of excision biopsy confirmed it as a fibroadenoma on ectopic breast tissue in the axilla. Patient has no associated urological or cardiac anomaly. Conclusion. This case has been reported for its rarity and to reemphasise the importance of screening of EBT for any pathology during routine screening of breast.
Late Diagnosis of Complete Colonic and Rectal Duplication in a Girl with an Anorectal Malformation
Authors: Amr AbdelHamid AbouZeid, Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad, Sherif Elhussiny Ibrahim, Anas Fagelnor, Ahmad Zaki
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2019)
Keywords: mri, anorectal malformation, cloaca, rectoperineal fistula
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Complete colonic duplication is rare, and usually occurs as a part of the caudal duplication syndrome. In such cases, the diagnosis is clinically evident by the presence of two ani arranged side by side in the perineum, which is commonly associated with duplication of the external genitalia as well (double phallus or double vestibule). In this report, we present a special case of anorectal anomaly that was associated with complete tubular colonic duplication. The diagnosis was initially missed due to the uncommon sagittal arrangement of duplicated rectum: one rectum was ending externally into the perineum by rectoperineal fistula, while the other was hidden by its internal termination into the vagina. Our final diagnosis for this case was a variant of anorectal anomaly in the female, which was associated with complete colonic duplication. One colon (which was in the free mesenteric border) terminated anteriorly into the vagina as a part of a "short common channel" cloaca, while the other colon terminated by rectoperineal fistula. Although the anomaly seems to be rather complex and confusing, yet our case was associated with an excellent outcome due to the benign type of anorectal anomalies (rectoperineal fistula and "short common channel" cloaca) and absence of significant sacral dysplasia; in addition to adequate identification of the abnormal anatomy by appropriate investigations and the staged approach for surgical reconstruction.
Case Report: Rhizopus arrhizus Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mycosis and Lethal Midline Granuloma: Another Fungal Etiological Agent
Authors: Dong Ming Li, Li De Lun, Jie Ge, Gong Jie Zhang, Xin Lun Li, G Sybren de Hoog
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: nk/t cells, rhizopus arrhizus, rhizopus oryzae, lethal midline granuloma, midline face destruction, rhino-orbital-cerebral mycosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective: Both rhino-orbital-cerebral mycosis and lethal midline granuloma (LMG) may result in midline destruction. LMG has now been generally considered as a natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL-NT) with an association of EBV. Fungi have been detected from the diseased tissues now and then but are often considered as lymphoma-associated infections. We previously reported an ENKTL-NT case with Mucor irregularis, which played a causal role in the disease and was involved in the overexpression of Ki67 and CD56 in the mouse experiment. The present study describes a chronic Rhizopus arrhizus infection with immunological parameters that are closely similar to LMG. We aim to explore the relationship of another Mucorales fungus, R. arrhizus, and LMG in a patient and in mice. Methods: Case study and mouse infection modules were designed for our observation. A 35-year-old man with midline face ulcers which was clinically suspected as LMG was selected. Biopsy specimens were sent for lymphoma diagnosis and microbiological detection. The isolated fungus was tested in an ICR mouse model for mycological and histological analyses. Results: Five tissue samples yielded Rhizopus arrhizus. In the pathology, characteristic inflammation, necrosis, and granulation with thin-walled hyphae are observed. Immunohistochemistry showed NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD8+, TIA1+, GZMB+, PRF+, individual CD56+) with hyperplasia (Ki67+) and angioinvasion. The patient recovered completely with amphotericin B. In the murine experiment, R. arrhizus caused angioinvasion with NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD56+, TIA1+, GZMB +, PRF+) with proliferation (Ki67+) and was re-isolated from the infected host. Conclusions: We here describe a mid-face destruction patient, which was diagnosed by the top pathologists in China according to the current criteria of NK/T cell lymphoma, with a negative result for EBV and positive result for R. arrhizus. With a then developed mouse experiment, the R. arrhizus in the diseased lesions was responsible for the NK/T cell infiltration (CD3+, CD8+, CD56+, TIA1+, GZMB+, PRF+), proliferation (Ki67+), and angioinvasion, suggesting another fungal etiological agent for LMG, which could be eradicated with amphotericin B. Limitations: The sample size is not sufficient for statistical analysis. However, our findings are suggestive for the role fungus plays in LMG.
Uterine Rupture with Evisceration of Intestines through the Vagina during Labour
Authors: Ubong Akpan, Chinyere Akpanika, Victor Nwagbara, Udeme Asibong, Saturday Etuk
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Uterine rupture is a life threatening obstetric emergency and is associated with high maternal and perinatal mortality. There are some risk factors associated with uterine rupture which may include: prolonged obstructed labour, previous scarred uterus, grand-multiparity, macrosomic baby, abnormal lie, instrumental delivery, induction of labour, oxytocin stimulation and excessive uterine manipulation. Its modes of presentation have been widely reported. Here, we present a case with an unusual mode of presentation where about two-third of the small intestines protruded through the vagina following some manipulations by an unskilled birth attendant. This highlights the fact that when uterine rupture is suspected, the cord-like structure protruding per vaginum may not always be umbilical cord.
A Patient Affected with Serous Ovarian/Peritoneal Carcinoma Carrying the FANCM Mutation
Authors: Adamantia Nikolaidi, Irene Konstantopoulou, Nikolaos Pistalmantzian, Florentia Fostira, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Ilias Athanasiadis
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of a 58-year-old female with ovarian cancer. The patient presented with ascites, and the biopsies revealed a low-grade adenocarcinoma, either a serous papillary ovarian cancer with peritoneal implants or a primary peritoneal carcinoma. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after 5 cycles achieved partial response, and then, she underwent a total hysterectomy/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The patient underwent germline gene-panel testing for the detection of mutations in cancer predisposing genes. A truncating mutation in the Fanconi anemia complementation group M (FANCM) gene was detected in heterozygosity, namely, p.Arg658Ter (c.1972C>T, rs368728266). The patient's family history is unremarkable, with no reported cases of breast or ovarian cancer, a fact that can be attributed to the significant lower penetrance of FANCM mutations.
Case report of transverse myelitis in a patient receiving etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Helen Defty, Edward Sames, Teresa Doherty, Rodney Hughes
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2013)

Etanercept is a monoclonal antibody targeted against Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a) which is an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and is in cases where conventional disease modifying agents such as methotrexate have failed. Neurological complications of treatment have been documented. We describe a case of transverse myelitis occurring in a 48 year-old lady with RA since 1994 who had been receiving etanercept for four years.
Chemotherapy-induced oesophageal stricture in a child with osteosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Daichi Ishimaru, Takatoshi Ohno, Masato Maeda, Yutaka Nishimoto, Katsuji Shimizu
Journal: Chemother Res Pract (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Treatment with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is known to be associated with oesophageal stricture in both children and adults with malignancies. However, oesophageal stricture resulting from chemotherapy alone is a rare complication, with few reports on it. We experienced a rare paediatric case of oesophageal stricture caused by chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the left distal femur. After completion of the chemotherapy course, the patient showed dysphagia caused by the oesophageal stricture and underwent balloon dilatation for the oesophageal stricture. After balloon dilatation, he was able to ingest solid foods, and the oesophagus was normal without any strictures at the last follow-up (20 months after ballooning). Therefore, oesophageal stricture should be considered as a complication of treatment with chemotherapy alone in children with malignancies.
Pulmonary Sequestration: Early Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Sajad A Wani, Gowher N Mufti, Nisar A Bhat, Ajaz A Baba
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2015)

Intralobar sequestration is characterized by aberrant formation of nonfunctional lung tissue that has no communication with the bronchial tree and receives systemic arterial blood supply. Failure of earlier diagnosis can lead to recurrent pneumonia, failure to thrive, multiple hospital admissions, and more morbidity. The aim of this case report is to increase the awareness about the lung sequestration, to diagnose and treat it early, so that it is resected before repeated infection, and prevent the morbidity and mortality.
Genotype/Phenotype Relationship in a Consanguineal Family With Brugada Syndrome Harboring the R1632C Missense Variant in the SCN5A Gene
Authors: Michelle M Monasky, Emanuele Micaglio, Giuseppe Ciconte, Sara Benedetti, Chiara Di Resta, Gabriele Vicedomini, Valeria Borrelli, Andrea Ghiroldi, Marco Piccoli, Luigi Anastasia, Vincenzo Santinelli, Maurizio Ferrari, Carlo Pappone
Journal: Front Physiol (2019)
Keywords: brugada syndrome, scn5a, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, genetic testing, sodium channel, sudden cardiac death, variant
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a known cause of sudden cardiac death. The genetic basis of BrS is not well understood, and no one single gene is linked to even a majority of BrS cases. However, mutations in the gene SCN5A are the most common, although the high amount of phenotypic variability prevents a clear correlation between genotype and phenotype. Research techniques are limited, as most BrS cases still remain without a genetic diagnosis, thus impairing the implementation of experimental models representative of a general pathogenetic mechanism. In the present study, we report the largest family to-date with the segregation of the heterozygous variant NM_198056:c.4894C>T (p.Arg1632Cys) in the SCN5A gene. The genotype-phenotype relationship observed suggests a likely pathogenic effect of this variant. Functional studies to better understand the molecular effects of this variant are warranted.
Nephron sparing surgery for a patient with a complicated solitary functioning kidney and a giant pT3 renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Minghao Yu, Jiatong Zhou, Xun Shangguan, Subo Qian, Jie Ding, Jun Qi
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: acute upper ureteral obstruction, case report, nephron-sparing surgery, open nephrectomy, renal cell carcinoma, solitary functioning kidney
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A solitary functioning kidney (SFK) with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an imperative indication for nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). Nevertheless, a giant pT3 RCC mass (maximum diameter >20 cm) on the functioning side of a patient with SFK is extremely rare. However, whether NSS is more beneficial than radical nephrectomy (RN) in such patients is controversial. Here, we present the case of a 71-year-old female patient with a 20 cm*16 cm RCC mass in the SFK, who initially presented with hematuria and acute urinary tract obstructive anuria caused by renal calculi. The patient underwent NSS treatment after our evaluation, and the 26-month follow-up revealed that her renal function recovered to the state before the tumor formation. In addition, no relapse or metastasis was detected.
Gastric sleeve surgery in hemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Kateir Mariel Contreras Villamizar, Diana Carolina Afanador Rubio, Camilo Alberto González González, Paola Karina García Padilla, Martha Patricia Rodríguez Sánchez
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: bariatric surgery, electric impedance, obesity, renal dialysis

Introduction:
Morbid obesity in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis limits access to renal transplantation. We report here a case of a surgical procedure for weight reduction in a hemodialysis patient and adjustment of dry weight through bioelectrical impedance.
Case presentation:
A 44-year-old male with CKD on hemodialysis for 26 years. After 3 years on dialysis, he underwent a cadaveric kidney transplant. However, after 8 years of transplant, he loses the kidney graft and returns to dialysis treatment. The patient's BMI increased to 42 kg/m2 and he had difficult-to-control hypertension and severe sleep apnea. Behavioral, nutritional and pharmacologic measures were not sufficient to achieve an adequate weight control. Thus, a surgical procedure for weight reduction was considered. The patient underwent a laparoscopic gastric sleeve without any complications. Dry weight was adjusted through bioelectrical impedance before each hemodialysis session. The patient did not display hypotension, cramps, or fluid overload. After a 30 kg weight loss, the patient's BMI was 28.3 kg/m2, allowing registration on the kidney transplant waitlist.
Discussion:
Obesity in CKD restricts access to kidney transplant waitlist. Bariatric surgery has proven to be safe and effective for sustained weight loss and it seems that the fact that a patient is dialysis dependent does not independently increase post-operatory complications.
Conclusion:
Surgical procedures for weight reduction in dialysis patients does not independently increase the risk for adverse outcomes after bariatric surgery. The estimation of DW through BIA is an effective method for avoiding complications generated by excessive or deficient ultrafiltration.