OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcus cohnii infection diagnosed by metagenomic next generation sequencing in a patient on hemodialysis with cirrhotic ascites: a case report
Authors: Yu Lei, Qiaozhen Guo, Jingmei Liu, Huanjun Huang, Ping Han
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2023)
Keywords: staphylococcus cohnii (scohnii), ascites, hemodialysis, metagenomic next generation sequencing (mngs), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp)
MeSH terms: Peritonitis / diagnosis, Peritonitis / microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections / diagnosis, Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Abdominal Pain / drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Ascites / diagnosis, Ascites / microbiology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis / complications, Liver Cirrhosis / diagnosis, Male, Metagenomics / methods, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Staphylococcus cohnii

Background:
Patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) often just receive empirical antibiotic therapy, as pathogens can be identified in only few patients using the techniques of conventional culture. Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is a useful tool for diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, clinical application of mNGS in diagnosis of infected ascites of cirrhotic patients is rarely reported.
Case presentation:
A 53-year-old male with cirrhosis on regular hemodialysis presented with continuous abdominal pain. After treatment with empiric antibiotics, his inflammatory parameters decreased without significant relief of abdominal pain. Finally, based on ascites mNGS detection, he was diagnosed as infection of Staphylococcus cohnii (S.cohnii), a gram-positive opportunistic pathogen. With targeted antibiotic treatment, the bacterial peritonitis was greatly improved and the patient's abdominal pain was significantly alleviated.
Conclusions:
When conventional laboratory diagnostic methods and empirical antibiotic therapy fail, proper application of mNGS can help identify pathogens and significantly improve prognosis and patients' symptoms.
Case Report: Virtual reality training for phantom limb pain after amputation
Authors: Manabu Yoshimura, Hiroshi Kurumadani, Junya Hirata, Katsutoshi Senoo, Kozo Hanayama, Toru Sunagawa, Kosuke Uchida, Akio Gofuku, Kenji Sato
Journal: Front Hum Neurosci (2023)
Keywords: amputation, motor imagery, phantom limb pain, rehabilitation, upper limb activity, virtual reality
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Several reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation, such as mirror therapy or virtual reality, in treating phantom limb pain (PLP). This case study describes the effect of virtual reality training (VRT) on severe, long-term PLP and upper limb activity on the amputated side in a patient who underwent digit amputation 9 years prior. A woman in her 40 s underwent amputation of 2-5 fingers 9 years prior due to a workplace accident. She experienced persistent pain in the palms of her hand near the amputation sites. A single case design (ABA'B') was applied. Periods A and A' were set as periods without VRT intervention, and Periods B and B' were set as periods with VRT intervention. Periods A, B, A', and B' lasted 4, 10, 8, and 10 weeks, respectively. VRT was a task during which visual stimulation and upper limb movements were linked. The task consisted of catching a rolling ball in the display with a virtual hand, operated with both hands using a controller. VRT was performed once every 2-4 weeks for 30 min. Pain intensity was assessed using the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2. Bilateral upper limb activity was measured continuously for 24 h using a triaxial accelerometer attached to the right and left wrist joints. The pain intensity was 147/220 points during Period A, 128 points during Period B, 93 points during Period A', and 100 points during Period B', showing a gradual decrease. Upper limb activity occurred mainly on the intact side during Periods A and B, whereas the activity on the amputated side increased 2-fold after Period A', and both upper extremities were used equally. Virtual reality training resulted in reduced pain intensity and increased activity in the upper limb. VRT may have induced reintegration of the sensory-motor loop, leading to a decrease in the PLP intensity. The upper limb activity on the amputated side may have also increased with the pain reduction. These results suggest that VRT may be valuable in reducing severe, long-term PLP.
Small Bowel Obstruction Associated With Ureterocutaneous Fistula After a Radical Cystectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Shintaro Arakaki, Yoji Nakamura, Hiromitsu Morioka, Hiroyuki Karimata, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: beak sign, internal hernia, retroperitonealization, small-bowel obstruction, ureteral cutaneous fistula
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This is a case report of a man in his 60s who was diagnosed with a small bowel obstruction due to an internal hernia caused by a ureterocutaneous fistula. Internal hernia caused by the ureter following urinary diversion is rare, posing challenges in preoperative diagnosis and carrying the risk of intraoperative injury due to the resemblance of a ureterocutaneous fistula to an adhesive band. The presentation and surgical management are discussed in this case report.
SARS-CoV-2-Triggered Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis with Complications of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
Authors: Ross M Perry, Scott D Casey, Alex Q Lee, Sylvia P Bowditch, Mary A Rasmussen, Viyeka Sethi, Arun R Panigrahi
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this article, we describe a novel case of SARS-CoV-2-associated-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) complicated by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Initially diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory response in children (MIS-C), the patient received a large corticosteroid dose days before the onset of neurological symptoms. After developing PRES, the patient was treated with antihypertensives, antiepileptics, dexamethasone, and anakinra, leading to neurologic normalization. We propose that given the challenging diagnostic picture of PRES developing in patients with HLH or MIS-C, institutionalized standards for blood pressure management during corticosteroid induction may significantly improve outcomes in patients being treated for hyperinflammatory syndromes who develop neurological symptoms.
Low-dose palliative radiotherapy for malignant peripheral T-cell lymphoma masked by cellulitis and osteomyelitis: a case report
Authors: Yasir Alayed
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: infection, low-dose radiotherapy, palliative, recurrent lymphoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma is a potentially curable disease. With the advent of effective systemic regimens with adriamycin, bleomycin, vincristine, and dacarbazine, chemotherapy has become the treatment of choice for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma. However, for advanced Hodgkin lymphoma after chemotherapy, disease relapse rates are still high. This case report highlights how low-dose palliative radiotherapy can be used successfully for the management of an unusual case of recurrent lymphoma with a different histology soon after completing systemic therapy, which was further complicated by an ongoing local infection.
Supporting a Tsonga learner living with Bardet-Biedl syndrome, a rare complex disability
Authors: Mfungana M Shikwambana, Jean V Fourie
Journal: Afr J Disabil (2023)
Keywords: bardet-biedl syndrome (bbs), adolescent education, genetic disorder, polydactyly, progressive blindness, psycho-educational support, special needs education, visual impairment

Background:
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare, systemic, hereditary disorder characterised by obesity, polydactyly, visual and auditory impairment, and cognitive disability. Providing quality education in appropriate schools for children who present with such complex chronic conditions is challenging.
Objectives:
This study explored the dimensions of psycho-educational support needs for a child with BBS in South Africa to contribute to the improvement of early detection and holistic interventions.
Method:
A descriptive in-depth qualitative case study of Gezani, an adolescent Tsonga boy diagnosed with BBS, was undertaken. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with his parents and teachers to ascertain the boy's psycho-educational support needs. Medical reports provided information on the complexities and prognosis of the syndrome. Observations in the classroom corroborated the learner's symptoms and behaviours.
Results:
Thematic content analysis revealed the key areas of support needs. Gezani's cognitive disability required a modified, slow-paced curriculum. His visual impairment required mobility orientation training and learning Braille. His emotional needs were supported with psychotherapy to maintain a sense of well-being. Medical monitoring was recommended with interventions for walking and managing his diet and weight. Speech therapy supported his communication skills.
Conclusion:
Learners with multiple disabilities require carefully planned, individualised psycho-educational support programmes addressing their unique needs and delays with targeted remedial interventions in appropriate special needs schools.
Contribution:
This study informs educators about BBS and provides multi-faceted, holistic support. The Department of Basic Education could bring special schools and national policies in tighter alignment for learners presenting with complex disabilities.
A Case of a Giant Siliconoma Mimicking Localized Breast Cancer
Authors: Virginie Van Boeckel, Denis Danthine, Jean-Luc Nizet
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2024)
Keywords: siliconoma, breast, breast augmentation, prosthesis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Silicone gel-filled breast implants are widely used for breast augmentation and reconstruction after mastectomy. However, there are some known complications associated with silicone implants: Leakage and migration of silicone particles from the implant cause a granulomatous reaction. Granulomas may present as masses with features of malignancy on breast MRI. We present a case of a giant breast siliconoma in a woman who had undergone reconstruction with breast prostheses, which were surgically removed because of rupture 8 years ago. Teaching point: Despite increasingly efficient diagnostic tools, siliconoma diagnosis remains challenging.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of apatinib and camrelizumab (SHR1210) against liver metastasis from hepatic neuroendocrine tumor: a case report
Authors: Ruobing Qi, Wenhua Yang, Sixian Zhu, Jie Mao, Bei Yang, Anhui Xu, Qiang Fu
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: hcc, net g2, pd-1, tace, apatinib, camrelizumab (shr1210)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this case report, we present the case of a 46-year-old woman with a hepatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET G2)-induced liver metastases. Initially, the left lateral lobectomy of the liver was performed. The post-operative pathological examination revealed NET G2, leading to the post-operative recovery with a general review. Further, the re-examination of liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed post-operative changes in the tumor of the left lateral lobe, with multiple liver masses and possible metastasis. Thus, the liver interventional therapy and apatinib-based targeted therapy based on the "camrelizumab + apatinib" regimen were performed, respectively. The 20-month follow-up indicated a slightly increased hepatic hilum and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, accompanied by hand-foot syndrome. Eventually, the overall condition continued to relieve, indicating that the combined treatment could substantially improve the NET G2 conditions-associated liver metastasis.
Rare manifestations of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: a case report
Authors: Charlotte Leleux, Yoann Zerbib, Pierre Pommerolle, Audrey Da Rocha, Marine Serpier, Pauline Caillard
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: cardiac and respiratory involvement, gastrointestinal ischemia, mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, rare and life-threatening organ involvement, rheumatoid arthritis
MeSH terms: Cryoglobulinemia / complications, Cryoglobulinemia / etiology, Vasculitis / complications, Vasculitis / etiology, Case Reports, Complement C4, Humans, Ischemia / complications, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Organ Failure / etiology, Prognosis, Complement C4

Introduction:
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a type of small vessel vasculitis diseases that can cause dysfunction in multiple organs. It is characterized by general symptoms, often accompanied by nonspecific cutaneous, articular, neurological, and renal manifestations. Diagnosing cryoglobulinemia through biological testing can be time-consuming and sometimes yields negative results, making diagnosis challenging. There are also other potentially life-threatening complications that can significantly impact prognosis and delay urgent treatment, including digestive manifestations and heart failure.
Case presentation:
We report the case of a 60-year-old male patient with a medical history of rheumatoid arthritis. He was admitted to the Nephrology Department for investigation of necrotic vascular purpura, acute kidney injury, and pancytopenia. Laboratory tests revealed consumption of the C3 and C4 complement fractions and the presence of mixed-type III cryoglobulinemia. Despite the initiation of the treatment, the patient rapidly developed multiple severe organ failures, including renal, cardiac, respiratory, and finally digestive complications. Acute colic ischemia led to emergency surgery and the patient was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit. Despite surgical intervention and hemodynamic support, the patient experienced multi-visceral organ failure and died two hours after admission.
Discussion:
Mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis may result in rare cases of acute and life-threatening organ damage, such as cardiac or respiratory failure with pulmonary hemorrhage, gastrointestinal ischemia, and neurological disorders. These severe manifestations are associated with a poor prognosis and it is crucial to promptly initiate an aggressive therapeutic strategy.
Gait instability, ophthalmoplegia, and chorea with orofacial dyskinesia in a man with anti-Ri antibodies: a case report
Authors: Mukuto Shioda, Hiroaki Fujita, Hiroki Onuma, Hirotaka Sakuramoto, Mai Hamaguchi, Keisuke Suzuki
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: anti-ri antibody, case report, chorea with orofacial dyskinesia, paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, respiratory failure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 79-year-old man was admitted for 2 weeks of dizziness, followed by diplopia, involuntary movement and progressive gait disturbances. Neurologic examination revealed horizontal and vertical gaze paresis, bilateral choreiform movement with orofacial dyskinesia, and limb/truncal ataxia. MRI revealed fluid-attenuated inversion recovery image-hyperintense signal abnormalities in the dorsal midbrain, pontine and medulla. Within another few days, the patient developed type II acute respiratory failure requiring artificial invasive ventilation. Because autoimmune encephalitis was suspected, he received intravenous immunoglobulin therapy followed by intravenous methylprednisolone, but only his ophthalmoplegia improved minimally. Serological tests were positive for anti-Ri onconeural antibodies. CT-guided mediastinal lymph node biopsy was performed and revealed small cell lung carcinoma. We report the rare manifestation of anti-Ri antibody-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS), and this case can alert us to the importance of respiratory management in this diverse neurologic disease. Furthermore, PNSs positive for anti-Ri antibodies should be added to the list of differential diagnoses of chorea with orofacial dyskinesia.
Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Haidong Ai, Ting Gong, Yongbiao Ma, Guixu Ma, Jingjing Zhao, Xuelin Zhao
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: adjuvant chemotherapy, case report, hepatic tumor, immunohistochemistry, primary adenosquamous carcinoma, radical surgical resection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma is considered a rare subtype of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, with fewer than 100 domestic and international cases reported. This malignancy exhibits a high degree of malignancy, strong invasiveness, and an unfavorable prognosis due to its propensity for early lymph node and intrahepatic metastasis. The etiology of this disease remains uncertain, and preoperative diagnosis is exceedingly challenging owing to the nonspecific clinical features and lack of specificity in imaging studies. Radical surgical resection is the most effective treatment for non-metastatic tumors, while targeted adjuvant therapy administered postoperatively can enhance therapeutic efficacy and delay tumor recurrence. This article documents the diagnostic and therapeutic course of a case of primary hepatic adenosquamous carcinoma treated at our medical institution, along with a comprehensive synthesis of the clinical characteristics and advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, aiming to augment understanding and serve as a reference for future clinical endeavors.
An Unusual Case of Dietary-Induced Liver Injury during Pregnancy: A Case Report of Probable Liver Injury due to High-Dose Turmeric Intake and Literature Review
Authors: Kareem Haloub, Elly McNamara, Rani Haj Yahya
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Turmeric-induced liver injury is a controversial topic, and turmeric is safe to consume during pregnancy in small amounts; however, it might be an uncommon cause of liver injury if consumed in large amounts. We hereby report a case of a pregnant patient who demonstrated atypical signs and symptoms of dietary-induced liver injury during pregnancy. She presented with itching at 23 weeks 4 days of pregnancy and had deranged liver function tests and was diagnosed with dietary-induced liver injury. The patient was managed with a strict diet during the pregnancy which resulted in a significant improvement in the clinical and biochemical findings during the pregnancy.
Novel STAT3 variant causing infantile-onset autoimmune disease
Authors: Miao Pan, Justin Kurtz
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: sh2, stat3, autoimmune, infantile-onset, sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a member of the STAT protein family implicated in the development of infantile-onset multisystem autoimmune disease. STAT3-related autoimmune disease is characterized by multiorgan autoimmunity, lymphoproliferative disease, and recurrent infections. The presentation is variable, with some patients also developing neonatal diabetes mellitus and interstitial lung disease. Gain-of-function variants in the Src homology 2 domain, leading to autophosphorylation and activation of STAT3, have been previously reported in patients with disease. Here, we report a patient with a novel missense variant, p.Glu616Ala, in STAT3 presenting with infantile-onset multisystem autoimmune disease.
Case report: JC polyomavirus nephropathy in simultaneous heart-kidney transplantation: the role of viral-specific in situ hybridization staining
Authors: Bassam G Abu Jawdeh, Maxwell L Smith, Madeline R Hudson, Girish K Mour, Pooja Budhiraja, Julie L Rosenthal
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: ivig, jc virus, immunosuppression, in situ hybridization, polyomavirus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a ubiquitous virus that can be latent in the brain and the kidney. It is the etiologic agent responsible for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a fatal, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, and rarely causes polyomavirus nephropathy in immunocompromised kidney transplant recipients.
Case description:
We present the first case of JCPyV nephropathy in a simultaneous heart-kidney transplant patient, where viral-specific in situ hybridization staining of the kidney tissue was utilized to confirm the diagnosis. The patient was diagnosed 6 years after simultaneous heart-kidney transplantation and was treated with immunosuppression reduction and intravenous immunoglobulin.
Discussion:
JCPyV nephropathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of kidney allograft injury, particularly, with suggestive light microscopy histologic features in the absence of BK polyomavirus viremia and/or viruria. In addition to obtaining JCPyV PCR in the blood, in situ hybridization staining may have a utility in confirming the diagnosis. To date, we lack effective JCPyV-specific therapies, and prompt initiation of immunosuppression reduction remains the mainstay of treatment.
A case of pericardial schistosomiasis and non-Hodgkin high grade B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Michael J Boyd, Marc Mendelson, Sipho K Dlamini, Sean Wasserman, Ghaalied Fakier, Riyaadh Roberts, Nectarios S Papavarnavas
Journal: S Afr J Infect Dis (2023)
Keywords: schistosoma haematobium, non-hodgkin lymphoma, pericardial effusion, pericardial schistosomiasis, schistosomiasis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Chronic schistosomiasis affects either the genitourinary or gastrointestinal tract. Rarely, schistosomes cause ectopic disease, such as in the case of a South African woman from a non-endemic province, who presented with suspected pericardial tamponade because of tuberculosis. However, histology and polymerase chain reaction from pericardial biopsy confirmed Schistosoma haematobium. A finding of mediastinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma came to light when our patient's clinical condition unexpectedly deteriorated.
Contribution:
This case highlights an unusual manifestation of schistosomiasis.
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide intoxication during pregnancy. A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Cristina Tuoni, Giulia Nuzzi, Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo, Simona Fiori, Luca Filippi
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: carbon monoxide intoxication, carboxyhemoglobin, cerebral palsy, fetal brain damage, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning during pregnancy is a rare occurrence, associated with high maternal and fetal mortality rates. As CO can cross the placenta, leading to intrauterine hypoxia, CO intoxication can result in neurological sequelae and neurologic complications in fetuses who survive. We report a case of a preterm newborn acutely exposed to CO in-utero and delivered by emergent cesarean section at the 31st week of gestation due to the severe burns suffered by the mother following an indoor boiler explosion. As CO has serious adverse effects both on the mother and fetus, it is important to recognize and treat poisoning in a timely manner. Despite maternal blood CO levels, CO intoxication at critical stage of central nervous system development can lead to hypoxic-ischemic lesions, thus interdisciplinary care and follow up for these patients are mandatory.