OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Rare Case of Staphylococcus pasteuri Endocarditis
Authors: Esben Merrild, Mette Winther, Jonathan Nørtoft Dahl, Tine Sneibjerg Ebsen, Steffen Leth, Simon Winther
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 45-year-old woman was admitted with severe pain in the right leg and dyspnea. Her medical history included previous Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis, biological aortic valve replacement, and intravenous drug abuse. She was febrile but did not have any focal signs of infection. Blood tests showed raised infectious markers and troponin levels. Electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm without signs of ischemia. Ultrasound revealed thrombosis of the right popliteal artery. The leg was not critically ischemic, and therefore, treatment with dalteparin was chosen. Transesophageal echocardiography showed an excrescence on the biological aortic valve. Empiric treatment for endocarditis was started with intravenous vancomycin, gentamicin, and oral rifampicin. Blood cultures subsequently grew Staphylococcus pasteuri. On day 2, treatment was changed to intravenous cloxacillin. Due to the comorbidity, the patient was not a candidate for the surgical treatment. On day 10, the patient developed moderate expressive aphasia and weakness in the right upper limb. Magnetic resonance imaging showed micro-embolic lesions scattered across both hemispheres of the brain. Treatment was changed from cloxacillin to cefuroxime. On day 42, infectious markers were normal, and echocardiography showed regression of the excrescence. Antibiotic treatment was stopped. Follow-up on day 52 did not show any signs of active infection. However, on day 143, the patient was readmitted with cardiogenic shock due to aortic root fistulation to the left atrium. She quickly deteriorated and died.
A Case of a Two-Month-Old Boy Diagnosed with Infantile Crohn's Disease Based on an Atypical Perianal Lesion
Authors: Kengo Nakaya, Yasushi Iinuma, Yutaka Hirayama, Yu Sugai, Shotaro Taki
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Inflammatory bowel disease is rare in infants, and the early diagnosis is very important. We herein report an infant who received an early diagnosis of infantile Crohn's disease (CD). A two-month-old boy presented with bloody stool. He developed a poor sucking tendency and a painful perianal lesion at three months of age. He was suspected of having infantile CD because of his atypical perianal lesion. Colonoscopy revealed that his perianal lesion had induced rectal longitudinal ulcers. Histology showed no granulomas but patchy inflammation reaching the submucosal layer. He was diagnosed with infantile CD based on the Japanese criteria. CD should be suspected in infants with atypical perianal lesions, irrespective of their age. Early colonoscopy with histology should be considered in these cases in order to prevent adverse outcomes in children.
Colon Adenocarcinoma during Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Paolo Petruzzelli, Roberto Zizzo, Elisabetta Tavassoli, Miriam Sutera, Michela Chiadò Fiorio Tin, Luca Petruzzelli, Mariachiara Benedetto, Maria Rosa D'Anna, Paolo De Paolis, Guido Menato
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Colorectal cancer (CRC) during pregnancy presents an estimated incidence of 1 : 13,000, and it is associated with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old woman, 25 weeks and 5 days pregnant, who was transferred to our Obstetrics and Gynecology Department from a local hospital with the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed marked distension with hydroaerial levels of the enterocolic loops upstream of a concentric parietal thickening of the descending colon, stenosing, extended longitudinally for about 4 cm. An exploratory laparotomy was performed with resection of the colon splenic flexure and mechanical end-terminal anastomosis. Histological examination of the operating piece highlighted the presence of moderately differentiated (G2) colon adenocarcinoma (stage pT3N1b). The operation was followed by a single course of oxaliplatin and 5-FU plus leukovorin. The patient had a vaginal delivery at 37 weeks + 2 days of gestational age, following induction of labor and giving birth to a male infant whose weight was 2670 gr with apgar 9/9. We underline the pivotal role of attention to unspecific symptoms, early diagnosis, and active treatment in changing the clinical course of CRC.
Primary repair of esophageal perforation: Case report
Authors: Akello W Abila, Mburu E Nditika, Rono D Kipkemoi, Stephen Ondigo, Barasa O Khwa-Otsyula
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: case report, esophageal injury, esophageal perforation, primary repair
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Mortality after esophageal perforation is high irrespective of the treatment modality. The rarity of traumatic esophageal perforations has made it difficult to conduct comprehensive studies that can answer pertinent questions with regard to management.
Presentation of case:
We report a case of through and through thoracic esophageal injury caused by an assailant's arrow in a young physically active male adult. Diagnosis was made on-table. He successfully underwent primary repair of the esophageal injury 16 h post injury via a left thoracotomy. Recurrent lung collapse and pleural effusion was managed with tube thoracostomy and chest physiotherapy.
Discussion:
Esophageal perforations occur infrequently and may produce vague symptoms leading to diagnostic and therapeutic delays. High index of suspicion particularly in penetrating chest trauma followed by relevant investigations may reduce delay. Principles of management include treatment of contamination, wide local drainage, source control and nutritional support. Source control is achieved surgically or through endoluminal placement of stents. Surgical options include primary repair, creation of a controlled fistula by T-tube or esophageal exclusion.
Conclusion:
Primary repair of traumatic injury to a healthy esophagus is feasible for cases diagnosed early and without significant mediastinal contamination as in our case. Associated injuries are more likely in such cases to lead to increased morbidity and prolonged hospital stay and must be handled carefully.
Performing arts as a non-pharmacological intervention for people with dementia and care-partners: a community case study
Authors: Laura H Malinin, Meara Faw, Deana Davalos
Journal: Front Psychol (2023)
Keywords: alzheimer’s disease (ad), dance, dementia, non-pharmacological interventions, performing arts, psychosocial programs, symphony, theater

Participation in psychosocial enrichment activities, such as music and arts programming, have shown potential to delay or reduce functional decline - without adverse effects that can be associated with pharmaceuticals. The performing-arts programming described in this community case study was inspired by a community music program called B-Sharp Music Wellness, located in Phoenix, Arizona, which involved small groups of musicians who provided symphony performances for people with dementia. Our community programming sought to engage people with dementia and their informal care partner (typically a spouse) in existing performing-arts programs in their local community, providing social hours and season tickets for either symphony, dance (ballet), or non-musical theater performances. This case study describes the program history and design, including outcomes and lessons learned from the program evaluation of the last full season (2018-19) and partial season (2019-20), when the program was halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Program outcomes suggest strategies for, and benefits of, design for performing-arts programs as psychosocial interventions in other communities.
Oculogyric crisis mimicked epilepsy in a Chinese aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase-deficiency patient: A case report
Authors: Hongmei Wang, Jiahong Li, Ji Zhou, Lifang Dai, Changhong Ding, Mo Li, Weixing Feng, Fang Fang, Xiaotun Ren, Xiaohui Wang
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: ddc gene, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (aadcd), developmental delay, epilepsy, oculogyric crisis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive neurometabolic disorder with heterogeneous phenotype, including hypotonia, movement disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and developmental delay. Here, we reported a Chinese patient with AADCD who was initially misdiagnosed with epilepsy.
Case presentation:
The proband was a 4-month-old Chinese girl, representing hypotonia, episodes of oculogyric crises with dystonia, and delayed developmental milestones. The patient was first misdiagnosed with epilepsy because of the similarity between episodes of oculogyric crisis and epileptic seizure. The accurate diagnosis of AADCD was established through analysis of neurotransmitters in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The genetic test confirmed the patient carried novel compound heterozygous mutations in the DDC gene:c.419G>A and c.1375C>T.
Conclusion:
This study reported a patient with AADCD who was initially misdiagnosed as epilepsy. Two novel missense mutations in the DDC gene were identified from the patient and her family. Little infants with epileptic-like attacks should consider AADCD. An accurate diagnosis of AADCD is essential for drug choice and patient management.
Transient global amnesia associated with an acute infarction at the cingulate gyrus
Authors: Alejandro Gallardo-Tur, Jorge Romero-Godoy, Carlos de la Cruz Cosme, Adriá Arboix
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2014)

Background. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a syndrome of sudden, unexplained isolated short-term memory loss. In the majority of TGA cases, no causes can be identified and neuroimaging, CSF studies and EEG are usually normal. We present a patient with TGA associated with a small acute infarct at the cingulate gyrus. Case Report. The patient, a 62 year-old man, developed two episodes of TGA. He had hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. He was found to have an acute ischemic stroke of small size (15 mm of maximal diameter) at the right cerebral cingulate gyrus diagnosed on brain magnetic resonance imaging. No lesions involving other limbic system structures such as thalamus, fornix, corpus callosum, or hippocampal structures were seen. The remainder of the examination was normal. Conclusion. Unilateral ischemic lesions of limbic system structures may result in TGA. We must bear in mind that TGA can be an associated clinical disorder of cingulate gyrus infarct.
Mandibular ameloblastoma in an elderly patient: a case report
Authors: Kokoro Nagata, Kasumi Shimizu, Chu Sato, Hiroshi Morita, Yoshihiro Watanabe, Toshiro Tagawa
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2013)

Ameloblastomas frequently occur in relatively young people, but are rarely seen in people aged 80 years or older. We report a case of mandibular ameloblastoma in an elderly patient with a review of the literature. The patient was a 82-year-old man who noticed swelling of the gingiva approximately 2 weeks prior to his initial visit. Computed tomography showed a radiolucent area with little radiopacity. Internal uniformity was observed at the site, with thinning of cortical bone which lacked continuity in some areas. The excision and curettage were performed under general anaesthesia. No recurrence has been observed 14 months after surgery.
Severe Relapsing Clozapine-Withdrawal Catatonia
Authors: Tarek Shahrour, Muez Siddiq, Saad Ghalib, Taoufik Alsaadi
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2015)

Catatonia as a clozapine-withdrawal syndrome has only been documented in the medical literature as case reports. We are reporting a case in which a 32-year-old man develops a catatonic state upon withdrawal of clozapine. The state was quite severe and needed ICU admission. The course was chronic and intermittent which we think was caused by the poor adherence to antipsychotics. The importance of identifying such cases early is underlined.
Experiences of siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Maureen E Angell, Hedda Meadan, Julia B Stoner
Journal: Autism Res Treat (2012)

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of siblings of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and identify their self-reported support needs. We conducted in-person semi-structured interviews with 12 siblings aged 7 to 15 of children aged 6 to 15 with ASDs. Employing a qualitative collective case study research method, we conducted cross-case analyses to address our research questions. Three major themes emerged: (a) descriptions of the sibling subsystem (b) cohesion between and among the siblings, and (c) adaptability of the participant siblings to having family members with ASDs. Discussion of these findings and recommendations for future research contributes to the existing literature on siblings of children with disabilities.
Locally aggressive and multicentric recurrent extraocular sebaceous carcinoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Advaith Bongu, Edward S Lee, Stephen R Peters, Ravi J Chokshi
Journal: Eplasty (2013)

Objective:
Sebaceous Carcinoma is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor. We present a case report of a large truncal tumor with multicentricity and aggressive locoregional recurrence that required trapezius myocutaneous flap reconstruction. Examining patterns of multicentricity, metastasis, and recurrence of sebaceous carcinoma in the literature we sought to explore potential reasons behind the aggressive behavior.
Methods:
Retrospective chart review was used to analyze the case in detail. Preoperative workup, intraoperative details, pathology, and follow-up visits were reviewed. Selected literature was considered with series of 5 or more patients.
Results:
The recurrent tumor was resected with negative margins leaving a defect of 14 × 7 cm(2) that was covered with a trapezius myocutaneous flap. Postoperative hospital course was uneventful with no further local recurrence. On follow-up visits, tumors at other sites have been discovered. Reported rates of multicentricity, metastasis, and recurrence vary widely in the literature, but both subtypes of sebaceous carcinoma behave aggressively.
Conclusions:
A combination of genetic predisposition, delayed definitive care, and inherent tumor biology led to the aggressive locoregional disease in this case.
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: Opening Pandora's Box
Authors: Mariana Meireles, Conceição Souto Moura, Margarida França
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

One of the purposes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to restore the immune system. However, it can sometimes lead to an aberrant inflammatory response and paradoxical clinical worsening known as the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). We describe a 23-year-old male, HIV1 infected with a rapid progression phenotype, who started ART with TCD4+ of 53 cells/mm3 (3,3%) and HIV RNA = 890000 copies/mL (6 log). Four weeks later he was admitted to the intensive care unit with severe sepsis. The diagnostic pathway identified progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, digestive Kaposi sarcoma, and P. aeruginosa bacteraemia. Five weeks after starting ART, TCD4+ cell count was 259 cells/mm3 (15%) and HIV RNA = 3500 copies/mL (4 log). He developed respiratory failure and progressed to septic shock and death. Those complications might justify the outcome but its autopsy opened Pandora's box: cerebral and cardiac toxoplasmosis was identified, as well as hemophagocytic syndrome, systemic candidiasis, and Mycobacterium avium complex infection. IRIS remains a concern and eventually a barrier to ART. Male gender, young age, low TCD4 cell count, and high viral load are risk factors. The high prevalence of subclinical opportunistic diseases highlights the need for new strategies to reduce IRIS incidence.
Immune Thrombocytopenia Associated with Hepatitis B Virus and Autoimmune Hepatitis and Recovery of Platelet Count following Liver Transplantation
Authors: Chloe Nobuhara, Diana M Cardona, Murat O Arcasoy, Carl L Berg, Andrew S Barbas
Journal: Case Rep Transplant (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Immune thrombocytopenia is a consumptive coagulopathy that can be either idiopathic or associated with infectious or autoimmune etiologies. Here, we present a case of immune thrombocytopenia in the setting of acute liver failure due to coexisting diagnoses of hepatitis B virus and autoimmune hepatitis. Our patient underwent orthotopic liver transplantation and recovered hemostatic platelet counts after treatment with romiplostim, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, 51 days after transplantation. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of immune thrombocytopenia secondary to both hepatitis B virus and autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with acute liver failure.
Anticoagulant therapy for nodular regenerative hyperplasia in a HIV-infected patient
Authors: Florian Bihl, Filip Janssens, Francoise Boehlen, Laura Rubbia-Brandt, Antoine Hadengue, Laurent Spahr
Journal: BMC Gastroenterol (2010)
MeSH terms: HIV Infections / complications, Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / therapeutic use, Hypertension, Portal / drug therapy, Case Reports, Abdominal Pain / etiology, Adult, Ascites / diagnosis, Ascites / etiology, Biopsy, Esophageal and Gastric Varices / diagnosis, Esophageal and Gastric Varices / etiology, Female, Humans, Hyperplasia / etiology, Hyperplasia / pathology, Hypertension, Portal / etiology, Liver / pathology, Lymph Nodes / pathology, Remission Induction, Splenomegaly / diagnosis, Splenomegaly / etiology, Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight

Background:
Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) has been recently recognized as an emergent cause of liver disease in HIV-infected patients. NRH may cause non-cirrhotic portal hypertension with potentially severe consequences such as refractory ascites, variceal bleeding and hypersplenism. Obliteration of the small intrahepatic portal veins in association with prothrombotic disorders linked to HIV infection itself or anti-retroviral therapy seem to be the causes of NRH and thus the term HIV-associated obliterative portopathy has been proposed.
Case presentation:
Here we describe a case of a HIV-infected patient with biopsy-proven NRH and listed for liver transplantation (LT) because of refractory ascites and repeated upper gastrointestinal bleedings. A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was placed as a bridge to LT and did not improve liver function. However, anticoagulant therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was associated with rapid improvement in the liver condition and allowed to avoid LT in this patient.
Conclusions:
Thus, this case underscores the relation between thrombophilia and HIV-associated NRH and emphasizes anticoagulant therapy as possible treatment.
How certainty appraisal might improve both body dissatisfaction and body overestimation in anorexia nervosa: a case report
Authors: M Metral, M Mailliez
Journal: J Eat Disord (2018)
Keywords: anorexia nervosa, appraisal tendency framework, body dissatisfaction, body overestimation, cognitive appraisal of (un)certainty
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Patients with anorexia nervosa often report a conscious alteration of body image representation, with both body overestimation and body dissatisfaction. Cognitive and behavioural therapy is effective for treating many psychiatric disorders but often fails to treat anorexia nervosa and body image distortions. Although patients are aware of their weight loss, they continue to feel overweight - as if there were a conflict between a previous (maybe already false) body representation and the new one. These distortions are linked to negative emotions focused on the body but which can extend to the self (e.g. disgust and sadness).
Case presentation:
The present case report is the first in which the Appraisal Tendency Framework has been applied to decrease body image distortions in a patient with anorexia nervosa. The Appraisal Tendency Framework is usually used to understand how emotions influence decision making. Here, we report on a 24-year-old woman who suffered from anorexia nervosa and body image distortions, and was treated as an inpatient with conventional cognitive and behavioural therapy for an eating disorder. Body image distortions were assessed before and after the patient completed an adaptation of the Iowa Gambling Task, coupled with the induction of a heuristic processing emotion. We hypothesized that allowing the patient to focus on the emotional cues in the modified Iowa Gambling Task would improve her decisions about her true body shape.
Conclusion:
All body image measures were improved after the protocol. Consequently, we suggest that the Appraisal Tendency Framework might be a valuable means of investigating body image issues in eating disorders and anorexia nervosa. Further studies are required to expand and detail these findings.
Colchicine Myopathy: A Case Series Including Muscle MRI and ABCB1 Polymorphism Data
Authors: Mehul Gupta, Ana Nikolic, Denise Ng, Kristina Martens, Hamid Ebadi, Sameer Chhibber, Gerald Pfeffer
Journal: Front Neurol (2019)
Keywords: colchicine, muscle mri, myopathy, pharmacogenetics, statin, vacuolar
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Colchicine is a medication most commonly used in the treatment of gout and familial mediterannean fever. A rare complication of therapy is toxicity causing proximal myopathy and polyneuropathy. Colchicine myopathy has been associated with the coadministration of other medications with colchicine, such as statins or tacrolimus, and is more common in patients with renal impairment. Otherwise, it is unclear which patients are at greatest risk of developing this adverse drug reaction. ABCB1 is important to the metabolism of colchicine, so we speculated that it was possible that colchicine myopathy patients may have a particular genotype that is associated with this side effect. We describe two cases of colchicine myopathy which occurred with co-administration of rosuvastatin. From one case, we present the first published data on muscle MRI in this condition. We additionally present an analysis of four genetic polymorphisms in ABCB1 and transcript levels in muscle tissue, and demonstrate the descriptive finding of reduced ABCB1 transcript levels in the colchicine myopathy patients.
Fatal Pediatric COVID-19 Case With Seizures and Fulminant Cerebral Edema
Authors: Siddharth Ninan, Peyton Thompson, Timothy Gershon, Natalie Ford, William Mills, Valerie Jewells, Leigh Thorne, Katherine Saunders, Thomas Bouldin, Jason R Smedberg, Melissa B Miller, Eveline Wu, Alyssa Tilly, Jeremy Sites, Daniel Lercher, Katherine Clement, Tracie Walker, Paul Shea, Benny Joyner, Rebecca Smith
Journal: Child Neurol Open (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, cerebral edema, pediatric, seizures
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, can present with a wide range of neurological manifestations, in both adult and pediatric populations. We describe here the case of a previously healthy 8-year-old girl who presented with seizures, encephalopathy, and rapidly progressive, diffuse, and ultimately fatal cerebral edema in the setting of acute COVID-19 infection. CSF analysis, microbiological testing, and neuropathology yielded no evidence of infection or acute inflammation within the central nervous system. Acute fulminant cerebral edema (AFCE) is an often fatal pediatric clinical entity consisting of fever, encephalopathy, and new-onset seizures followed by rapid, diffuse, and medically-refractory cerebral edema. AFCE occurs as a rare complication of a variety of common pediatric infections and a CNS pathogen is identified in only a minority of cases, suggesting a para-infectious mechanism of edema. This report suggests that COVID-19 infection can precipitate AFCE, and highlights the need for high suspicion and early recognition thereof.