OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Real-time Classification of Non-Weight Bearing Lower-Limb Movements Using EMG to Facilitate Phantom Motor Execution: Engineering and Case Study Application on Phantom Limb Pain
Authors: Eva Lendaro, Enzo Mastinu, Bo Håkansson, Max Ortiz-Catalan
Journal: Front Neurol (2017)
Keywords: electromyography, myoelectric control, neurorehabilitation, pattern recognition, phantom limb pain, phantom motor execution, virtual reality

Phantom motor execution (PME), facilitated by myoelectric pattern recognition (MPR) and virtual reality (VR), is positioned to be a viable option to treat phantom limb pain (PLP). A recent clinical trial using PME on upper-limb amputees with chronic intractable PLP yielded promising results. However, further work in the area of signal acquisition is needed if such technology is to be used on subjects with lower-limb amputation. We propose two alternative electrode configurations to conventional, bipolar, targeted recordings for acquiring surface electromyography. We evaluated their performance in a real-time MPR task for non-weight-bearing, lower-limb movements. We found that monopolar recordings using a circumferential electrode of conductive fabric, performed similarly to classical bipolar recordings, but were easier to use in a clinical setting. In addition, we present the first case study of a lower-limb amputee with chronic, intractable PLP treated with PME. The patient's Pain Rating Index dropped by 22 points (from 32 to 10, 68%) after 23 PME sessions. These results represent a methodological advancement and a positive proof-of-concept of PME in lower limbs. Further work remains to be conducted for a high-evidence level clinical validation of PME as a treatment of PLP in lower-limb amputees.
Assessment of Cortical Auditory Function Using Electrophysiological and Neuropsychological Measurements in Children with Bone-Anchored Hearing Aids
Authors: Cristina Pantelemon, Violeta Necula, Livia Livint Popa, Steluta Palade, Stefan Strilciuc, Dafin Fior Muresanu
Journal: J Med Life (2020)
Keywords: baha system, children, cortical auditory evoked potentials (caeps), cortical auditory function, hearing loss
MeSH terms: Auditory Cortex / physiology, Electrophysiological Phenomena, Hearing Aids, Case Reports, Child, Ear, External / abnormalities, Ear, External / physiopathology, Evoked Potentials / physiology, Humans, Jaw Abnormalities / physiopathology, Male, Microstomia / physiopathology, Agnathia-microstomia-synotia

Children suffering from conductive or mixed hearing loss may benefit from a bone-anchored hearing aid system (BAHA Attract implantable prosthesis). After audiological rehabilitation, different aspects of development are improving. The objective of this case report is to propose a comprehensive framework for monitoring cortical auditory function after implantation of a bone-anchored hearing aid system by using electrophysiological and neuropsychological measurements. We present the case of a seven-year-old boy with a congenital hearing loss due to a plurimalformative syndrome, including outer and middle ear malformation. After the diagnosis of hearing loss and the audiological rehabilitation with a BAHA Attract implantable prosthesis, the cortical auditory evoked potentials were recorded. We performed a neuropsychological evaluation using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition, which was applied according to a standard procedure. The P1 latency was delayed according to the age (an objective biomarker for quantifying cortical auditory function). The neuropsychological evaluation revealed that the child's working memory and verbal reasoning abilities were in the borderline range comparing with his nonverbal reasoning abilities and processing abilities, which were in the average and below-average range, respectively. Cortical auditory evoked potentials, along with neuropsychological evaluation, could be an essential tool for monitoring cortical auditory function in children with hearing loss after a bone-anchored hearing aid implantation.
Cavitary Legionella Pneumonia in AIDS: When Intracellular Immunity Failure Leads to Rapid Intrapulmonary Cavitation
Authors: Richard Jesse Durrance, Alice Kyungsun Min, Marilyn Fabbri, Terrence McGarry
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction. Legionella is a frequent cause of bacterial pneumonia in patients with AIDS. While multiple organisms have been associated with cavitary pneumonia in this population, Legionella has not. Clinical Case. A middle-aged woman with HIV-AIDS and severely depressed CD-4 count presented with one month of progressively worsening productive cough and dyspnea. Serial imaging showed focal consolidations which multiplied and cavitated over the subsequent days. Legionella urine antigen was positive, and appropriate treatment was continued for 3 weeks total. The patient recovered quickly, and follow-up imaging 8 weeks later showed near-resolution of all lesions. Discussion. Cavitary pneumonia secondary to Legionella has been seldom described, traditionally in the context of immunosuppressive therapy. Patients with AIDS and severely depressed CD4 counts have significantly compromised cell-mediated immunity. This case highlights the importance of consideration for legionellosis in rapidly progressing cavitary pneumonia, especially in patients with severely compromised cell-mediated immunity, including those with HIV-AIDS.
Management of refractory haematuria following radiation therapy and recurrent adenocarcinoma of the prostate with fluoroscopic-guided selective pelvic embolization
Authors: Wojciech Konczalik, Peter Acher, Matthew Tam, Richard Lodge
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Haematuria is a known complication of prostatic malignancy and in severe cases can be unresponsive to bladder irrigation and endoscopic interventions. This report describes selective angiographic embolization as a means of haemorrhage control in adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A patient with locally advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma and prior history of prostate brachytherapy, androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy presented with persistent haematuria that did not respond to endourological intervention. He was successfully treated with selective embolization of the vesical and prostatic vessels under fluoroscopic guidance. Angiographic embolization represents a safe and effective means of achieving haemostasis in patients not fit for surgerywho would otherwise be resigned to terminal care treatment.
Severe Encephalatrophy and Related Disorders From Long-Term Ketamine Abuse: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Linying Liu, Haijian Huang, Yongbin Li, Ruochen Zhang, Yongbao Wei, Weiwei Wu
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2021)
Keywords: abuse, disorder, encephalatrophy, ketamine, mental activity
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ketamine is a glutamate N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonist and an anaesthetic agent that has been effectively used to treat depression. However, ketamine has also been increasingly used for recreational purposes. The dissociative side-effects of ketamine use, such as hallucinations, are the reason for abuse. Additionally, long-term ketamine abuse has been highly associated with liver-gallbladder and urinary symptoms. The present study reports the case of a 28-year-old young male adult with an 8-year history of daily inhalation of ketamine. We investigated the association between ketamine abuse and the mechanism of its adverse effects, particularly encephalatrophy, and attempted to find a link between these disorders. These results would help us to better understand ketamine usage, ketamine abuse effects and the addictive mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first report of severe brain atrophy related to ketamine abuse. Details of the patient are presented and the mechanism of the encephalatropy-associated ketamine abuse is discussed. Furthermore, organ dysfunction following chronic ketamine abuse may indicate that the side effects are the result of comprehensive action on multiple regions in the brain.
On Two Cases with Autosomal Dominant Hyper IgE Syndrome: Importance of Immunological Parameters for Clinical Course and Follow-Up
Authors: Snezhina Mihailova Kandilarova, Spaska Stoyneva Lesichkova, Nevena Todorova Gesheva, Petya Stefanova Yankova, Nedelcho Hristov Ivanov, Guergana Petrova Stoyanova, Penka Ilieva Perenovska, Marta Petrova Baleva, Elissaveta Jordanova Naumova
Journal: Case Reports Immunol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is a rare disease described in 1966. It is characterized by severe dermatitis, a peculiar face, frequent infections, extremely high levels of serum IgE and eosinophilia, all resulting from a defect in the STAT3 gene. A variety of mutations in the SH2 and DNA-binding domain have been described, and several studies have searched for associations between the severity of the clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and the type of genetic alteration. We present two children with AD-HIES-a girl with the most common STAT3 mutation (R382W) and a boy with a rare variant (G617E) in the same gene, previously reported in only one other patient. Herein, we discuss the clinical and immunological findings in our patients, focusing on their importance on disease course and management.
Subclavian artery avulsion following blunt trauma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Adel Elkbuli, Saamia Shaikh, Mark McKenney, Dessy Boneva
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: avulsion, endovascular balloon occlusion, subclavian artery, subclavian artery bypass, trauma outcomes, vascular surgery

Introduction:
Subclavian artery injuries are rare and are associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The majority of patients with blunt trauma to the subclavian artery succumb to their injury before reaching a hospital. In-hospital mortality remains high.
Presentation of case:
We report the case of a 30-year-old male who presented with complete traumatic subclavian artery avulsion after a motorcycle collision. He presented in hemorrhagic shock. Temporary hemostatic control was achieved with endovascular balloon occlusion followed by operative intervention.
Discussion:
Prompt diagnosis and meticulous management including early transfusion, when indicated, are necessary to salvage both the patient's life and limb from such severe injuries. Intra-operative diagnosis of subclavian artery injury is most common due to the hemodynamic instability of most patients with such injuries; however, conventional angiography and computed tomography angiography are useful diagnostic modalities as well. Temporizing measures such as endovascular balloon occlusion to obtain vascular control may serve as a valuable adjunct to surgical repair.
Conclusion:
Repair of a subclavian artery injury is challenging for even the most experienced of surgeons. Endovascular techniques can be therapeutic or used as an adjunct to control bleeding ad allow an open repair.
Giant urethral diverticulum's caused by traumatic vesicle catheterization in children: a case report
Authors: Khalid Kkhattala, Mohamed Rami, Aziz Elmadi, Lamia Chater, Abdelhalim Mahmoudi, Youssef Bouabadallah
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2011)
Keywords: giant, child, surgery, traumatism, urethral diverticulum, urology
MeSH terms: Diverticulum / etiology, Urethral Diseases / etiology, Urinary Bladder / injuries, Urinary Catheterization / adverse effects, Case Reports, Child, Diverticulum / pathology, Humans, Male, Urethral Diseases / pathology

Urethral diverticula are saclike dilations of the urethra and are classified as either congenital or acquired. While urethral diverticula are commonly seen in female patients, they are rarely seen in men. The most common etiologies of male acquired diverticula include urethral trauma, stricture, abscess or post-hypospadias repair. We report a case of acquired urethral diverticula caused by a traumatic vesical catheterization in a 6-year old boy and review the literature on the topic.
Complete Remission after Sequential Therapy of Drug Eluting Beads Transarterial Chemoembolization and Liver Resection in Large Solitary Nodule Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Juferdy Kurniawan, Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman, Sahat Basana Romanti Ezer Matondang, Toar Jean Maurice Lalisang, Ening Krisnuhoni, Steven Zulkifly
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most prevalent and the second highest cause of death among cancer. The treatment of large solitary nodule HCC is still challenging. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and liver resection are two modalities of therapy in HCC management. However, recurrence rate from each therapy is relatively high. We report a case of 46-year-old man diagnosed with large solitary nodule HCC, who was treated with drug eluting bead TACE (DEB-TACE) prior to liver resection. Studies about this combination are still limited and showed various results.
Liver and Spleen Stiffness Measurements for Assessment of Portal Hypertension Severity in Patients with Budd Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Elton Dajti, Federico Ravaioli, Antonio Colecchia, Giovanni Marasco, Amanda Vestito, Davide Festi
Journal: Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol (2019)
MeSH terms: Budd-Chiari Syndrome / physiopathology, Hypertension, Portal / physiopathology, Liver / pathology, Spleen / pathology, Adult, Aged, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Portal / etiology, Male, Middle Aged, Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic / methods, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult

Aims:
Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) is a rare vascular disease of the liver caused by the obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow located from the small hepatic venules up to the entrance of the inferior vena cava (IVC) into the right atrium. Current prognostic indexes are suboptimal for an individual prognostic assessment and subsequent management of patients with BCS. Liver (LSM) and spleen (SSM) stiffness measurements are widely validated prognostic tools in hepatology, but the evidence in patients with BCS is limited. This paper describes LSM and SSM in patients with BCS and their correlation with clinical, biochemical, and ultrasound findings from the same patients.
Methods:
We investigated a case series of seven patients with BCS diagnosis and available LSM and SSM evaluated by transient elastography (TE). Biochemical, imaging, and endoscopic findings nearest to the TE evaluation were recorded. Clinical outcomes and BCS evolution were described for each patient. When available, repeated TE assessments were also recorded.
Results:
Patients with acute nonfulminant manifestation of BCS presented near-the-upper-limit values (75 kPa) of LSM and SSM, which often persist until the placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). On the other hand, TE values were markedly lower in patients with compensated BCS. In some patients with repeated TE measurement years after TIPS placement, LSM had decreased to values of <10 kPa years. SSM changes in these patients were, however, less evident.
Conclusions:
Extremely elevated values of LSM and SSM are suggestive of BCS. The evaluation of both LSM and SSM by TE could help clinicians in the initial evaluation, risk stratification, and therapy response monitoring of patients with BCS.
Pyogenic Liver Abscess Caused by Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in a 21-Year-Old Male
Authors: Samuel Igbinedion, Meher S Mavuram, Moheb Boktor, John Bienvenu
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Liver abscesses are the most common types of visceral abscesses. Pyogenic liver abscesses, a particular type of liver abscesses, are uncommonly encountered. We present a rare case of pyogenic liver abscess caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in a young man. A 21-year- old man presented from prison to the hospital with fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain for five days. Labs were significant for leukocytosis with predominant neutrophilia and elevated liver enzymes. CT abdomen with contrast revealed an 8.4 cm multiloculated right hepatic mass extending to the kidney. Patient was started on broad spectrum antibiotics, given septic presentation. Peripheral blood cultures returned positive for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The culture from percutaneous drainage also revealed MSSA. He received a total of four weeks of IV Nafcillin therapy along with drainage of his abscess via percutaneous catheter. Follow-up revealed clinical resolution. This case highlights the importance of obtaining an aspirate from the liver abscess to better guide treatment strategy. Clinicians must consider broadening antibiotic coverage to include gram-positive organisms if the patient presents with severe illness and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus infections.
Transplantation Treatment of Extensive Soft-Tissue Defects in Lower Extremities with a Combination of Cross-Bridge Flap and Combined Free-Tissue Flap Covered by Vacuum Sealing Drainage: One Case Report
Authors: Xiaohua Pan, Guangyao Wang, Tun Hing Lui
Journal: Open Orthop J (2017)
Keywords: combined fracture, cross leg flap, free tissue flap, soft tissue defect, tibia, transplantation, vacuum sealing drainage

This article reported the ultilization of cross-bridge flap transplantation and combined free-tissue flap transplantation to treat a 54-year-old male with Gustilo type III-C injuries. Thorough debridement, external fixation and vacuum sealing drainage were performed in the fist-stage treatment. After the removal of negative pressure on VSD devices, the joined free-tissue flaps and the cross-bridge flap were performed to repair the extensive soft-tissue defects. One month later the pedicle of cross-bridge flap was divided and the external fixator connecting both the lower legs was removed. In 3-month follow-up, the extensive defects was completely covered by a nearly normal skin and radiograph showed tibia and talus healing.
Completely Displaced Femoral Neck Stress Fracture in a Young Male Soldier With Almost No Functional Impact: A Case Report
Authors: Abdulaziz Alhawas, Munira Abahussain, Shahad G Alghamdi, Abdullah Alfarhan
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: completely displaced stress fracture, military stress fracture, neck of femur, proximal femur, stress fractures
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Stress fracture in general is a well-known condition that can be found commonly in healthy athletes and military personnel. These fractures occur due to bone fatigue in response to the repetitive stress of exercise. Although few reports on stress fractures among military personnel and active young athletes can be found in previous literature, we present this case report of a young military soldier that had a completely displaced neck of femur fracture with no functional limitation for seven days prior to seeking medical advice; the patient was operated on and followed for three years after and did not develop complications associated with this kind of fracture. A reduction of neck of femur fracture and fixation in valgus position to maintain good reduction with weight-bearing as done in our case have assisted in reducing avascular necrosis (AVN) risk despite the high displacement and delayed operative intervention due to the patient's late presentation.
Rehabilitation using single stage implants
Authors: Jumshad B Mohamed, Sabitha Sudarsan, K V Arun, B Shivakumar
Journal: J Indian Soc Periodontol (2009)
Keywords: compromised ridge, implant, single stage
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Implant related prosthesis has become an integral part of rehabilitation of edentulous areas. Single stage implant placement has become popular because of its ease of use and fairly predictable results. In this paper, we present a series of cases of single stage implants being used to rehabilitate different clinical situations. All the implants placed have been successfully restored and followed up for up to one year.
Multiple Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient Using Skin Bleaching Products in Togo
Authors: Abas Mouhari-Toure, Panawé Kassang, Winga Foma, SefakoAbla Akakpo, Julienne Noude Teclessou, Kelly Tcheumagam, Essobiziou Amana, Kwame Doh, Gloria Nouhoumon, Tchin Darre, Koussake Kombate, Palokinam Pitché, Bayaki Saka
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
The cosmetic use of skin bleaching products is common among women in sub-Saharan Africa despite numerous reported cutaneous and systemic complications. We report the first case of squamous cell carcinoma in a woman using skin bleaching products in Togo. Case Report. A 65-year-old woman with a 30-year history of skin bleaching products use consulted in dermatology for a tumor of the neck that had been evolving for 2 years. There was no personal or family history of cancer. The patient was obese (BMI = 38.3 kg/m2) and had high blood pressure. Clinical examination noted multiple ulcerative and cauliflower tumors of the neck. The presence of stretch marks, skin atrophy, and ochronosis was noted in the examination of the rest of skin. There were no lymph nodes. HIV serology was negative. Histology of a tumor biopsy concluded to an invasive skin squamous cell carcinoma. The cervical, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic TDM revealed pulmonary metastases. The patient underwent complete surgical removal of the right latero-cervical tumor. The left latero-cervical tumors were not removed because they infiltrated the large vessels. Chemotherapy before surgery was prescribed but not honored for financial reasons. The patient died 2 months after her first consultation in respiratory distress.
Conclusion:
Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the complications of skin bleaching in sub-Saharan Africa. It is necessary to intensify awareness campaigns on the complications of this practice, in order to reduce their incidence, in our context where this practice is very frequent.
Teratoid Cyst of the Postauricular Region: The First Ever Case Report
Authors: Sabin Ranabhat, Mamata Tiwari, Sushna Maharjan
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Rudolf Virchow is considered to be the first scientist to have used the word sebaceous cyst. It was thought that these lesions occurred due to retention of sebaceous secretion consequent to obstruction of sebaceous ducts of sebaceous glands, although that was found not to be the case. In all these cysts, the cavity is filled with keratin. There are six types of keratin-filled cysts, namely, epidermoid, dermoid, teratoid, keratinous, trichilemmal, and teratoma cyst, which have one common name "dermoid cyst." Of the six, teratoid cyst is the least common. In contrast to other dermoid cysts, teratoid cysts contain tissue elements derived from all the three germ layers, namely, ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Teratomas can be differentiated from teratoid cysts by the fact that recognizable organ structures may be found in the former; examples include teeth and skin. Teratoid cysts can develop anywhere in the body but rarely arise in the head and neck region. They have never been reported in the postauricular region. In this case report, we present a case of teratoid cyst in the postauricular region in a 21-year-old female. The significance of this case lies in its rarity.