OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Missed opportunity for tuberculosis case detection in household contacts in a high burden setting
Authors: Juliet Nabbuye Sekandi, Hassard Sempeera, Justin List, Christopher Whalen
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: active case finding, contact investigation, tuberculosis
MeSH terms: Contact Tracing / methods, Cough / diagnosis, Tuberculosis / diagnosis, Cough / etiology, Delayed Diagnosis, Family Health, Female, Humans, National Health Programs / organization & administration, Tuberculosis / epidemiology, Tuberculosis / prevention & control, Uganda, Young Adult

Contact investigation remains an essential component of tuberculosis (TB) control, yet missed opportunities to trace, medically examine, and treat close contacts of newly diagnosed index TB cases persist. We report a new case of active TB in a 21 year-old woman who was a household contact of a known TB index case in Kampala, Uganda. She was identified during a house-to-house TB case finding survey using chronic cough (≥2 weeks). This case study re-emphasizes two important public health issues in relation to TB control in developing countries; the need to promote active contact investigations by National TB programs and the potential complementary role of active case finding in minimizing delays in TB detection especially in high burden settings like Uganda.
Extramammary Paget's disease of the penis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kingsley C Ekwueme, Hani D Zakhour, Nigel J Parr
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2009)

Introduction:
Extramammary Paget's disease is a rare cutaneous, slow growing, intraepithelial adenocarcinoma developing in the apocrine gland-bearing areas. Isolated Paget's disease of the penis is extremely rare.
Case presentation:
We describe the case of an 87-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a non-healing erythematous plaque on the shaft of the penis previously misdiagnosed as Bowen's disease. The diagnosis was made histologically on the excised specimen and was supported by immunohistochemical staining.
Conclusion:
Extramammary Paget's disease is a rare disease which can mimic various types of dermatosis. A high index of suspicion is required, combined with biopsy and immunohistochemical staining in order to make the correct diagnosis. Long-term follow-up is mandatory in these patients in order to identify and treat any subsequent recurrence or concurrent malignancy.
Chronic Q fever presenting as bilateral extensor tenosynovitis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kareme D Alder, Anthony P Fiegen, Matthew M Rode, Don Bambino Geno Tai, Gina A Suh, Abinash Virk, Nicholas Pulos
Journal: J Bone Jt Infect (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Musculoskeletal manifestations of Coxiella burnetii are rare. We describe an elderly, immunosuppressed male with bilateral Coxiella burnetii extensor tenosynovitis treated with incision and debridement and chronic doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine. Additionally, disease etiology, risk factors, pertinent features of the history, testing modalities, and treatment strategies of musculoskeletal Q fever are reviewed.
Case report: A rare case of massive peripheral nerve melanotic schwannoma and review of the literature
Authors: Han Wang, Lin Shi, Tong Tian, Hang Xian, Zhao Song, Rui Cong, Rui Zhao
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: brachial plexus, melanotic schwannoma, neuropathic pain, pathological diagnosis, peripheral nerves
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Melanotic schwannoma is a rare tumor with indeterminate biologic behavior and varying treatment recommendations. Just about 200 cases have been reported worldwide, in which occurred in peripheral nerves has even less reported. Due to the lack of cognition of melanotic schwannoma, it is easy to be misdiagnosed and mistreatment in primary hospitals. Herein, we presented a case of massive melanotic schwannoma growing in the brachial plexus of an elderly male patient. First, the patient underwent a left forearm tumor resection in the local primary hospital because a painless lump was found there in 2017, of which details remain unclear. After this operation, the patient developed the symptoms of left median nerve injury. Thus, he came to our hospital and underwent a second operation. During this operation, we found that a part of the median nerve was absent at the left forearm, and the remanent median nerve, from the broken end to the elbow, was totally turned black, which was accompanied by petroleum-like exudate. Losing the opportunity for nerve repair, the black nerve was removed extensively and thoroughly. Postoperative pathological diagnosis revealed that the tumor was melanotic schwannoma. Then 4 years later, the tumor recurrence again, which led to the paralysis of the whole left arm and severe nerve pain, and the pulmonary metastasis of the tumor was detected at the same time. The black nerve was resected again in our hospital, and the nerve pain was partially relieved after the operation. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to report a melanotic schwannoma case that happened in the peripheral nerve trunk and then spread to the whole brachial plexus. There were many questions that worthy of discussion could be invited from this case, and we analyzed and discussed them based on the relevant literature. In conclusion, we reported a rare case of melanotic schwannoma that happened in the brachial plexus and illustrated the problems of the diagnosis and treatment of it based on the analysis of the relevant literature, which is helpful for the cognition of this rare nerve tumor.
Non-Iatrogenic Localized-Reentrant Figure of Eight Atrial Tachycardias in the Superior Vena Cava
Authors: Shota Tokuno, Kenjiro Miyamoto, Ryuichi Usui
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
The superior vena cava (SVC) is an important non-pulmonary venous foci of atrial fibrillation (AF) and is known as the arrhythmogenic site of scar-related atrial tachycardia (AT). Scar-related ATs may occur after catheter ablation and open heart surgery; however, idiopathic AT rarely occurs. Case Presentation. A 77-year-old male with terminal diabetic nephropathy complained of dialysis-induced hypotension due to AF and was admitted to our hospital for catheter ablation. Here, we report a case of non-iatrogenic localized-reentrant figure of eight AT in the SVC.
Conclusion:
SVC has the arrhythmogenic potential for re-entrant tachycardia, and the development of mapping technology can reveal arrhythmogenic mechanisms.
Ureterocele urothelial carcinoma: managing a rare presentation
Authors: Juan Carlos Astigueta, Milagros Abad-Licham, Eloy Silva, Víctor Alvarez, Francis Piccone, Enrique Cruz, Joan Palou Redorta
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience (2016)
Keywords: ureterocele, urothelial carcinoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

It is very uncommon for urothelial carcinoma to develop in an ureterocele. It is generally discovered in an imaging study or in connection with haematuria. We found very few reports in the literature. Here, we report on the case of a 71-year-old male who initially presented with haematuria and low back pain and who then underwent transurethral resection for an intraureterocele tumour. Pathology confirmed urothelial carcinoma.
Exercised-induced coronary spasm in near normal coronary arteries
Authors: Damian Franzen, Thomas Benzing
Journal: Int J Vasc Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In contrast to effort-induced symptoms in obstructive coronary disease, spasm in normal coronary arteries is characterized by angina at rest. We describe a 44-year-old patient with minor coronary plaques and pure exercised-induced coronary spasm. The case questions the differential pathogenic considerations of variant of the variant as opposed to Prinzmetal's variant angina.
Complicated community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pancarditis with cardiac pseudoaneurysm in a healthy child: A case report
Authors: Nada A Aljassim, Nabeel Almashraki, Mohamed Tageldein, Omer Tamimi, Mohamed S Kabbani, Jihad Zahraa, Mohammed Alshehri
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: methicillin-resistant, pancarditis, pseudoaneurysm, staphylococcus aureus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Infective endocarditis is more prevalent among children with congenital heart diseases as compared to healthy children. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a causative pathogen of infective endocarditis, and it rarely causes pancarditis in healthy children. The clinical decision for surgical intervention of left-sided heart vegetation is challenging despite the availability of management guidelines.
Presentation of case:
We report a case of a previously healthy 12-year-old girl who presented with aggressive endocarditis secondary to community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, with left-sided vegetation, mitral valve regurgitation, pancarditis, brain abscess, and stroke. She underwent an emergency vegetectomy and mitral valve repair. Three weeks after the first surgery, she developed left ventricular pseudoaneurysm that required life-saving surgical intervention. The child gradually recovered and was discharged home with acceptable cardiac function and mild neurological deficit.
Discussion:
Pancarditis, especially with an aggressive progression resulting in intracardiac pseudoaneurysm, is rarely reported in healthy children. The definition of the optimal timing of surgical intervention in pediatric infective endocarditis management is lacking and the clinical decision-making process remains challenging. The development of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is serious and also needs an immediate intervention, given the high risk of its rupture and subsequent devastating outcomes.
Conclusion:
Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an etiology for aggressive infective pancarditis in a healthy child, leading to an intracardiac pseudoaneurysm. Emergency surgical interventions should be considered in children with left-sided vegetation to prevent devastating consequences.
Bladder lipoma: Moroccan case report
Authors: Omar Jendouzi, Younes Boukhlifi, Othmane El Houadfi, Mohamed Amine Essaoudi, Mohamed Alami, Ahmed Ameur
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2020)
Keywords: bladder, benign neoplasm, case report, lipoma
MeSH terms: Hematuria / etiology, Lipoma / diagnosis, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / diagnosis, Case Reports, Review, Aged, Diagnosis, Differential, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lipoma / pathology, Lipoma / surgery, Male, Morocco, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / pathology, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / surgery

Lipomas are encapsulated benign tumors typically found in the integument, central nervous system or gastrointestinal tract and represent the most common benign mesenchymal neoplasm in adults. Bladder lipoma is a rare tumor that has been reported in a handful of cases in medical literature. A literature review from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases of bladder lipoma yielded less than 20 cases. We report a case of a 69 year-old Moroccan male patient with hematuria as a chief symptom. The diagnosis of bladder lipoma was suspected by flexible fibroscopy and assessed by transurethral resection. Macroscopic and histological examination revealed a lipomatous tumour with no sign of malignancy. There was no recurrence after one year of follow-up. Although bladder lipomas are rare entities, they must be considered in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumor. However, we should always keep in mind that any bladder tumor is malignant until proven otherwise.
A rare case of primary solid intrarectal dermoid
Authors: Onkar Singh, Shilpi S Gupta, Raj K Mathur
Journal: Saudi J Gastroenterol (2011)
MeSH terms: Dermoid Cyst / diagnosis, Dermoid Cyst / therapy, Rectal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Rectal Neoplasms / therapy, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Humans

Primary rectal teratomas are rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature worldwide. These usually occur in females. These are usually cystic but very rarely solid variants may occur. We present a case of a solid intra-rectal dermoid arising primarily in rectum from postero-lateral wall. Excision biopsy was done per rectally. Histology revealed the presence of squamous epithelium, fat cells, hair follicles, cartilaginous material and columnar lining of glandular structures suggestive of mature teratoma. It is usually benign but may become malignant, therefore complete resection is advised.
Anterior Sectional Twin Bracket Appliance - Innovative Use for Correction of Single Tooth Crossbite: A Case Report with Biomechanics
Authors: Raj Kumar Verma, Pradeep Raghav, Munish C Reddy, Ritika Kanwal
Journal: Int J Clin Pediatr Dent (2015)
Keywords: biomechanics, sectional appliance, single tooth crossbite
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Anterior sectional twin bracket appliance (ASTBA) is a sectional mechanism that involves two brackets on upper central incisors. This appliance is previously been used for correction of rotated incisors and midline spacing. But, detail biomechanics for single tooth crossbite correction is not previously explained. Here, in this article, we are presenting a detailed biomechanics of ASTBA for anterior single tooth crossbite correction along with case report. How to cite this article: Verma RK, Raghav P, Reddy MC, Kanwal R. Anterior Sectional Twin Bracket Appliance- Innovative Use for Correction of Single Tooth Crossbite: A Case Report with Biomechanics. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(1): 66-69.
Identification and targeting of an FGFR fusion in a pediatric thalamic "central oligodendroglioma"
Authors: Joseph R Linzey, Bernard Marini, Kathryn McFadden, Adonis Lorenzana, Rajen Mody, Patricia L Robertson, Carl Koschmann
Journal: NPJ Precis Oncol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Approximately 1-5% of pediatric intracranial tumors originate in the thalamus. While great strides have been made to identify consistent molecular markers in adult oligodendrogliomas, such as the 1p/19q co-deletion, it is widely recognized that pediatric oligodendrogliomas have a vastly different molecular make-up. While pediatric thalamic or "central oligodendrogliomas" are histologically similar to peripheral pediatric oligodendrogliomas, they are behaviorally distinct and likely represent a cohesive, but entirely different entity. We describe a case of a 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed with an anaplastic glioma with features consistent with the aggressive entity often diagnosed as central or thalamic oligodendroglioma. We performed whole-exome (paired tumor and germline DNA) and transcriptome (tumor RNA) sequencing, which demonstrated an FGFR3-PHGDH fusion. We describe this fusion and our rationale for pursuing personalized, targeted therapy for the patient's tumor that may potentially play a role in the treatment of similar cases.
A complex rearrangement between APC and TP63 associated with familial adenomatous polyposis identified by multimodal genomic analysis: a case report
Authors: Satoyo Oda, Mineko Ushiama, Wataru Nakamura, Masahiro Gotoh, Noriko Tanabe, Tomoko Watanabe, Yoko Odaka, Kazuhiko Aoyagi, Hiromi Sakamoto, Takeshi Nakajima, Kokichi Sugano, Teruhiko Yoshida, Yuichi Shiraishi, Makoto Hirata
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: apc regulator of wnt signaling pathway, adaptive sampling, familial adenomatous polyposis, multi-gene panel testing, tumor protein 63
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Genetic testing of the APC gene by sequencing analysis and MLPA is available across commercial laboratories for the definitive genetic diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). However, some genetic alterations are difficult to detect using conventional analyses. Here, we report a case of a complex genomic APC-TP63 rearrangement, which was identified in a patient with FAP by a series of genomic analyses, including multigene panel testing, chromosomal analyses, and long-read sequencing. A woman in her thirties was diagnosed with FAP due to multiple polyps in her colon and underwent total colectomy. Subsequent examination revealed fundic gland polyposis. No family history suggesting FAP was noted except for a first-degree relative with desmoid fibromatosis. The conventional APC gene testing was performed by her former doctor, but no pathogenic variant was detected, except for 2 variants of unknown significance. The patient was referred to our hospital for further genetic analysis. After obtaining informed consent in genetic counseling, we conducted a multigene panel analysis. As insertion of a part of the TP63 sequence was detected within exon16 of APC, further analyses, including chromosomal analysis and long-read sequencing, were performed and a complex translocation between chromosomes 3 and 5 containing several breakpoints in TP63 and APC was identified. No phenotype associated with TP63 pathogenic variants, such as split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM) or ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, or cleft lip/palate syndrome (EEC) was identified in the patient or her relatives. Multimodal genomic analyses should be considered in cases where no pathogenic germline variants are detected by conventional genetic testing despite an evident medical or family history of hereditary cancer syndromes.
Warty Carcinoma Penis: An Uncommon Variant
Authors: Sushma Thapa, Arnab Ghosh, Santosh Shrestha, Dilasma Ghartimagar, Raghavan Narasimhan, O P Talwar
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Penile carcinoma frequency varies widely in different parts of the world and comprises 1-10% of all the malignancies in males. Majority of the cases of penile carcinoma are squamous cell carcinoma of penis comprising 60% to 70% of all cases. Warty carcinoma of penis is an unusual neoplasm and a variant of penile squamous cell carcinoma comprising 5%-10% of all the variants. The other histological variants include basaloid, verrucous, papillary, sarcomatous, mixed, and adenosquamous carcinoma. The various histological entities with an exophytic papillary lesions including warty carcinoma are together referred to as the "verruciform" group of neoplasms. The warty carcinoma has to be differentiated from these lesions and is typically distinguished by histological features of hyperkeratosis, arborescent papillomatosis, acanthosis, and prominent koilocytosis with nuclear pleomorphism. We present a case of 65-year-old male with growth measuring 6 × 4 cm in the penis who underwent total penectomy and was diagnosed as warty carcinoma penis.
Enhanced engraftment of a very low-dose cord blood unit in an adult haemopoietic transplant by addition of six mismatched viable cord units
Authors: Stephen J Proctor, Catherine E Chapman, Rachel Sharples, Helen L Lucraft, Jennifer Wilkinson, Jane Conn, Peter G Middleton
Journal: Stem Cells Int (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The report describes the feasibility of the addition of multiple viable HLA-mismatched unrelated cord blood units, to a low cell number matched unrelated cord, to assist clinical engraftment. An ablative stem cell transplant was performed in an adult with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), using a single HLA-matched cord blood unit (mononuclear cell dose 0.8 × 10(7)), supported by six mismatched cord blood units (one unit per 10 kg recipient weight). No adverse reaction occurred following the infusion of mismatched units and engraftment of the suboptimal-dose matched unit occurred rapidly, with no molecular evidence of engraftment of mismatched cords. Early molecular remission of ALL was demonstrated using a novel PCR for a mitochondrial DNA mutation in the leukaemic clone. The cell dose of the matched cord was well below that recommended to engraft a 70 kg recipient. We suggest that a factor or factors in the mismatched cords enhanced/supported engraftment of the matched cord.
Tinea corporis gladiatorum presenting as a majocchi granuloma
Authors: Anil Kurian, Richard M Haber
Journal: ISRN Dermatol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Wrestlers are at increased risk of developing cutaneous infections, including fungal infections caused by dermatophytes. Erythematous lesions due to tinea infections can be mistakenly diagnosed as an inflammatory dermatitis and incorrectly treated with potent topical corticosteroid treatments which cause localized skin immunosuppression. This can eventuate in a Majocchi granuloma which then becomes refractory to topical antifungal therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of tinea corporis gladiatorum presenting as a Majocchi granuloma. Observations. A 20-year-old wrestler presented with a 4-year history of a large pruritic, scaly erythematous plaque with follicular papules, and pustules on his right forearm. The lesion had the clinical appearance of a Majocchi granuloma. He had been treated with potent topical corticosteroids and topical antifungal therapy. KOH and fungal culture of the lesion were negative. An erythematous scaly lesion in the scalp was cultured and grew Trichophyton tonsurans. Oral Terbinafine therapy was initiated and complete resolution of both lesions occurred within 6 weeks. Conclusion. The purpose of this report is to inform dermatologists that tinea corporis gladiatorum can present as a Majocchi granuloma and needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent skin lesions in wrestlers.
A resected case of hepato-pancreaticoduodenectomy for widely extended cholangiocarcinoma undergoing previous intra-abdominal poly-surgery
Authors: Atsushi Nanashima, Naoya Imamura, Masahide Hiyoshi, Koichi Yano, Takeomi Hamada, Teru Chiyotanda, Kenzo Nagatomo, Rouko Hamada, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: careful managements, hepato-pancreaticoduodenectomy, previous poly-surgery

Introduction:
This case report describes a successful radical operation for a patient with extensive advanced cholangiocarcinoma who had previously undergone intra-abdominal poly-surgery for advanced gall bladder carcinoma. Careful diagnosis to define the adequate division of the right hepatic duct was performed, and the operation was completed without postoperative complications.
Case presentation:
A 61-year-old woman was admitted to a hospital for obstructive jaundice, and extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma was found. Seven years prior, she underwent poly-surgery, which included cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, and colectomy, for advanced gall bladder carcinoma. Although she did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy, she had no tumor relapse. She was recommended chemo-radiation therapy to treat the cholangiocarcinoma; however, she visited our hospital to inquire the possibility of receiving radical operation. Enhanced computed tomography showed extensive cholangiocarcinoma without distant metastases, which was confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Since the transected bile duct was without cancer-invasion, which was confirmed by a negative biopsy result, we were able to perform radical left hepatectomy and pancreaticoduodenectomy (HPD). The patient was discharged without any complications. Careful preoperative examination allowed for a complex operation to be successfully completed.
Discussion:
Complex surgery for advanced hepato-biliary-pancreatic malignancies after poly-surgery is difficult and requires expertise and intensive postoperative care.
Conclusion:
HPB surgeons should adopt an aggressive policy to treat patients who have undergone previous major abdominal surgery.
Large Draining Focal Fibrous Hyperplasia Secondary to Periapical Granuloma
Authors: E I Ogbureke, M A Couey, N Vigneswaran, C D Johnson
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Periapical granuloma is a pathological diagnosis associated clinically and radiographically with a nonvital tooth and a periapical radiolucency, respectively. It is frequently seen as a sequela of long-standing pulpal necrosis. Often times, a draining fistula is observed near the nonvital tooth. We report an unusual case of a large draining focal fibrous hyperplasia in association with a large periapical granuloma treated at our clinic. The diagnosis was made by the clinical presentation, radiologic and histopathologic findings.