OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
An Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-Infected Infant With Persistent Fecal Viral RNA Shedding in a Family Cluster: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Shen Chen, Jiafeng Si, Wenqiang Tang, Anqi Zhang, Li Pan, Meng An, Huawei Zhang, Shoukun Xue, Kunpeng Wu, Shuangfeng Chen, Wei Zhang, Wei Liu, Bo Fu
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2020)
Keywords: covid-19, sars-cov-2, asymptomatic, family cluster, fecal viral rna shedding
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become pandemic worldwide. A better understanding of asymptomatic infections is crucial to prevent and control this epidemic. Here, we report the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the family cluster, a 32-year-old male (case 1) and a 53-year-old female (case 2, the mother-in-law of case 1) exhibited clinical symptoms of COVID-19, while case 1's 32-year-old wife (case 3) and their 11-month-old daughter (case 4) were both asymptomatic. Notably, case 4's nasopharyngeal swab samples was negative for nearly 80 days, and her immune system has been boosted for at least 57 days, but the fecal samples have tested positive for 100 days (May 13, 2020), suggesting SARS-CoV-2 may invade enterocytes and may exist in individuals with low antiviral immunity for a long term. This report highlights that asymptomatic infections should be managed with caution and vigilance. For SARS-CoV-2 testing of asymptomatic cases, besides the normally used nasopharyngeal swab, fecal sample testing is also needed.
Case report: Corticosteroids-induced acute diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Jia-Lin Yuan, Le Sun, Bao-Lin Su, Chuang-Xiong Hong
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: iga nephropathy, acute diabetic peripheral neuropathy, adverse drug reaction, corticosteroids, diabetes mellitus, diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathies / pathology, Case Reports, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Blood Glucose, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Blood Glucose

A 62-year-old man was diagnosed as IgA nephropathy. He had a pancreatic tumor operation 19 years ago and had a normal plasma glucose test every year. One month after the medication of prednisolone acetate was administered his fasting plasma glucose elevated to 7.1mmol/L while he manifested symptoms of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss. Approximately 3 months after the steroids, he started complaining of numbness, weakness, and muscle cramp in his lower extremities, blood tests showed elevated plasma glucose and electromyography (EMG) revealed impairment of the peripheral nerves in the lower extremity, diabetic peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed. Mecobalamin and Acupuncture were employed and steroids were discontinued, 8 months later he recovered part of his strength and sensation. This case presents a specific adverse drug reaction of corticosteroids that causes diabetes mellitus and subsequently leads to peripheral neuropathy in an acute onset.
Multiple Osteolytic Lesions Causing Hypercalcemia: A Rare Presentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Ubaid, Syeda Taliya Rizvi
Journal: Case Rep Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is characterized by unchecked proliferation of malignant lymphoblasts which replaces the normal bone marrow culminating in anemia due to red blood cells inadequacy as well as in easy bruising/bleeding secondary to insufficient platelets production. Even the white blood cells which are produced excessively are immature and abnormal. ALL is the most common hematological malignancy in children. Most commonly, patients present with lymphadenopathy, recurrent infections, bleeding, fatigue, and bone pains. Bone pains, often particularly involving long bones, occur in about 21-38% of cases and are due to overcrowding of bone marrow with malignant cells. Vast majority of children with ALL have thrombocytopenia and/or anemia with a normal or mildly elevated white blood cells count with the presence of lymphoblasts on peripheral smear. About 50% of children present with bleeding while about 75% of patients have platelet count 100,000/microL. Visceromegaly is not uncommon but osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia are rather uncommon. We present a 22-year-old gentleman with generalized fatigue and bone pains without visceromegaly. There was severe hypercalcemia with normal parathyroid levels but multiple osteolytic lesions. Peripheral smear showed anemia without blasts, whereas a bone marrow biopsy revealed > 30% blasts with interspersed CD 10 positive cells.
Intravesical foreign object: A case report of autoerotism
Authors: Albert Ivan Simangunsong, Sawkar Vijay Pramod
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: bladder foreign body evacuation, case report, intravesical foreign bodies
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The lower urinary tract's foreign body is an uncommon condition, with the bladder being the most common site. Most foreign bodies are self-inserted via the urethra due to exotic impulses, psychometric problems, or sexual curiosity. We present a case of a 39 years old male with a lower urinary tract and abdominal pain. An abdominal CT Scan showed a sharp metal in the bladder. The patient underwent a successful extraction of a foreign body with biopsy forceps transurethrally. Foreign bodies in the bladder represent a urological challenge that requires prompt management. Treatment is determined by size, location, and shape. Minimally invasive procedures are recommended to prevent bladder and urethral injuries. However, surgical treatment should be performed if further injuries are expected. The suspected history and presenting symptoms are crucial and could lead to further investigations. Extraction should be carefully performed to minimize bladder and urethral injury. Gentle endoscopic management is the primary treatment with a high success rate. This case report aims to describe a case of the longest 12 cm sharp metal foreign material inserted to the bladder in South East Asia along with the management and subsequent condition to provide a better insight in managing future unusual cases.
Next-Generation Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Siyuan Fan, Xiaodong Qiao, Lei Liu, Honglong Wu, Jiali Zhou, Ruixue Sun, Qing Chen, Yan Huang, Chenhui Mao, Jing Yuan, Qiang Lu, Ying Ge, Yongjun Li, Haitao Ren, Jiawei Wang, Liying Cui, Weili Zhao, Hongzhi Guan
Journal: Front Neurol (2018)
Keywords: taenia solium, cerebrospinal fluid, neurocysticercosis, next-generation sequencing, reads

Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common helminthic infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The diagnosis of NCC is sometimes challenging due to its heterogenous clinical manifestations and the variable sensitivity and specificity of neuroimaging and serological tests. Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was used to detect pathogens in patients with clinically suspected CNS infections. A series of patients diagnosed with NCC is reviewed here. Results: Using NGS of CSF, four patients were diagnosed with NCC. The reads corresponding to Taenia solium ranged from 478 to 117,362, with genomic coverage of 0.0564-11.15%. Reads corresponding to T. solium were not found in non-template controls and far exceeded those of the background microorganisms in patients with NCC, facilitating the interpretation of the NGS results. Conclusions: This case series demonstrates that NGS of CSF is promising in the diagnosis of NCC in difficult to diagnose cases. Larger studies are needed in the future.
Case report: Incomplete laceration of the right middle lobar bronchus due to blunt chest trauma: An unusual pattern and attentions
Authors: Yuqi Song, Jianzun Ma, Jing Wang, Linan Fang
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: blunt chest trauma, bronchoscopy, hemopneumothorax, surgery, tracheobronchial laceration
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tracheobronchial ruptures caused by blunt chest trauma are rarely encountered but may be life-threatening. It is even rarer when the rupture is in the right middle lobe bronchus. Here we present a case of incomplete laceration of the right middle lobe bronchus after blunt trauma, which could easily be overlooked because of the absence of obvious symptoms. A 58-year-old man suffered multiple traumas after being attacked by cattle, closed chest drainage was promptly performed in the local hospital for bilateral hemopneumothorax. Three days later, the patient was transferred to our center for urgent exploratory thoracic surgery due to persistent hemothorax. We did not diagnose bronchial injury even after a bedside emergency bronchoscopy due to the adherence of bloody secretions and sputum crusts. It was not until a repeat chest CT 4 days after the initial surgery that we suspected an incomplete right middle lobe bronchial laceration, which was confirmed by postoperative bronchoscopy. The patient eventually underwent right middle lobe lung resection for a deep and wide bronchial laceration and recovered well. Clinicians should be fully aware of the possibility of this condition after blunt chest trauma and make good use of CT and bronchoscopy to help with diagnosis and treatment.
Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata with Sarcomatous Transformation: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Song Xu, Jing Qian
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata (LPD) is an uncommon disease characterized by presence of Multiple Leiomyomas in the abdominal and pelvic cavity. Increasingly, literature supports that LPD is an iatrogenic condition. Malignant transformation of LPD is rarely reported. We hereby report a case of a middle-aged female patient who was diagnosed with malignant sarcomatous degeneration in LPD. Gynecologists may get inspiration from this case report.
Negative-pressure pulmonary edema after mammoplasty: a case report
Authors: Didem Onk, Onur Işık, Faruk Subaşı, Soner Karaali, Ufuk Kuyrukluyıldız
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2022)
Keywords: negative-pressure, case report, edema, mammoplasty, pulmonary
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Laryngismus / complications, Mammaplasty / adverse effects, Pulmonary Edema / diagnosis, Pulmonary Edema / etiology, Pulmonary Edema / therapy, Case Reports, Adult, Anesthesia, General / adverse effects, Female, Humans

Negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a rare but life-threatening postoperative complication that occurs due to the acute obstruction of the upper airway. In our case report, we present a 25-year-old female patient who underwent elective mammoplasty under general anesthesia and developed NPPE 4 hours after extubation. The patient had a preoperative mallampati score of 3. After routine anesthesia induction, the patient was intubated with an endotracheal tube with a guide wire. Aspiration wasn't observed during extubation. The patient was followed in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) for 30 minutes with a saturation of 95% and was subsequently transferred to the service. Four hours after the operation, the patient was re-examined due to dyspnea and shortness of breath. Due to oxygen saturation of 88% and pO2of 56mmHg despite mask ventilation, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed extensive diffuse ground-glass opacities and consolidations in both lungs. She did not respond to mask ventilation and was given non-invasive ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Forced diuresis was induced with furosemide. Tachypnea resolved within 2 hours after CPAP was initiated, the patient did not require oxygen support and COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was negative. Subsequently, the patient was discharged to the clinical ward on postoperative day 1. When considering NPPE, early diagnosis and respiratory support are associated with reduced mortality and rapid recovery. Patients who develop laryngospasm during extubation must be closely monitored, and in the case of pulmonary edema, NPPE should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Between individualism and social solidarity in vaccination policy: the case of the 2013 OPV campaign in Israel
Authors: Hagai Boas, Anat Rosenthal, Nadav Davidovitch
Journal: Isr J Health Policy Res (2016)

Background:
During the summer of 2013, after samples of poliomyelitis virus were found in sewage, Israel launched an intensive national oral polio vaccine (OPV) campaign. The clinical objective of the campaign was rather clear. With not a single case of infantile paralysis and with a population already highly protected with IPV (a dead version of the vaccine), the goal was to foster collective immunity so that risk populations could also be protected. This, however, entailed a rather unusual issue: how to persuade parents whose children already received an IPV to re-vaccinate their children, now with a live yet attenuated version of the virus that was excluded from the national vaccination program in 2004. The challenge therefore was a call for social solidarity - asking parents to vaccinate their children mainly for the sake of protecting unknown at risk populations and to take part in the larger global goals of the polio eradication program. This challenge stands at the core of our investigation. We see the OPV campaign of summer 2013 as a good case study of the tension between individualism and social solidarity in seeking the cooperation of the public.
Methods:
We draw on a qualitative study that included participant observation, document reviews and interviews with policy-makers, parents, journalists, public health experts and community leaders. These data were analyzed in order to unravel the ways in which self-interest, community and solidarity were conceived by different agents during the vaccination campaign.
Results:
The family as a metaphor for social solidarity was the main discursive item in the public campaign. Tensions, dissonances and inconsistencies were found between different registers and agencies as to what is at stake and what is required.
Conclusions:
We discuss the ethical and social implications of our findings in order to better understand how persuasion was used in the current case and for its future role in similar events, within and outside Israel, when global efforts to eradicate polio are ongoing.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with severe cytomegalovirus infection in a patient on regular hemodialysis
Authors: Dina Khalaf, Bassem Toema, Nidal Dabbour, Fathi Jehani
Journal: Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary illness with cytomegalovirus leads to latent infection with possible reactivations especially in the immunocompromised patients. Toxic epidermal necrolysis is an immune mediated cytotoxic reaction.A fifty years old female diabetic hypertensive patient with end stage renal disease was admitted with fever of unknown origin, constitutional symptoms, vague upper gastrointestinal symptoms and skin rash. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy confirmed her diagnosis with cytomegalovirus esophagitis and duodenitis. Cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels were negative but polymerase chain reaction showed fulminant viremia. Biopsy of the skin rash was consistent with toxic epidermal necrolysis. Despite treatment with Ganciclovir, intravenous immunoglobulins, and granulocyte colony stimulating factor the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated and she died due to multiorgan failure, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and overwhelming sepsis.Probably there is a true association linking toxic epidermal necrolysis to fulminant reactivation of cytomegalovirus. The aim of this anecdote is reporting a newly recognized presentation of cytomegalovirus.
Tropheryma whipplei Crystalline Keratopathy: Report of a Case and Updated Review of the Literature
Authors: Scott D Schoenberger, Sumeer Thinda, Stephen J Kim
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2012)

Purpose. To report a case of Tropheryma whipplei infection with crystalline keratopathy and review the recent literature on the presentation, diagnosis, and management of Whipple's disease. Methods. Detailed case presentation and extensive literature search of Pubmed for all years through February 2012 using the following search terms: Whipple's disease, Tropheryma whipplei, corneal deposits, crystalline keratopathy, and uveitis. Relevant articles were retrieved and analyzed. English abstracts were used for non-English articles. Cross-referencing was employed and reference lists from selected articles were used to identify additional pertinent articles. Results. Diagnosis of Whipple's disease remains challenging and untreated infection can result in mortality. Ocular signs and symptoms are usually nonspecific, but several independent cases have reported the presence of intraocular crystals or crystalline-like deposits. Conclusions. The presence of intraocular crystals or crystalline-like deposits may be an identifying feature of ocular Whipple's disease.
Multiple papular lesions in a patient with HIV and/or AIDS and coinfected with hepatitis B virus: Amyloidosis
Authors: Hayati Demiraslan, Kemal Deniz, Mehmet Doganay
Journal: South Afr J HIV Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
The most common form of systemic amyloidosis is amyloid A induced by a chronic inflammation. In HIV-infected patients, elevated serum amyloid A levels might be associated with chronic inflammation.
Patient presentation:
A 43-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital with a complaint of papular lesions around his eyes, existing for four months. The patient is receiving antiretroviral therapy. HIV RNA was undetectable, and the CD4 count was 770 cells/mm3. He suffered from a bladder carcinoma for four years. On examination, periocular, perioral and anogenital papules, papular lesions in the meatus of external auditory canal, and intranasal polyps were observed.
Management:
Microscopic examination of the biopsy material taken from the periocular lesion and then from perianal polyps revealed eosinophilic deposition, and stained positively by Congo red. Serum amyloid A level was negative. Antiretroviral therapy was continued.
Conclusion:
A rare form of amyloidosis in a patient with HIV and/or AIDS and coinfected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) was presented here with cutaneous and mucosal lesions.
Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmitted Via Blood Transfusion, Hong Kong, China
Authors: Vincent C C Cheng, Siddharth Sridhar, Shuk-Ching Wong, Sally C Y Wong, Jasper F W Chan, Cyril C Y Yip, Chi-Hung Chau, Timmy W K Au, Yu-Yan Hwang, Carol S W Yau, Janice Y C Lo, Cheuk-Kwong Lee, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Journal: Emerg Infect Dis (2018)
Keywords: china, japanese encephalitis virus, asymptomatic, blood transfusion, encephalitis, immunocompromised host, infection control, packed red blood cells, platelets, vector-borne infections, viral encephalitis, viruses
MeSH terms: Blood Transfusion, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / genetics, Encephalitis, Japanese / transmission, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Disease Outbreaks, Encephalitis, Japanese / diagnostic imaging, Encephalitis, Japanese / epidemiology, Hong Kong / epidemiology, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroimaging, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquitoborne virus endemic to China and Southeast Asia that causes severe encephalitis in <1% of infected persons. Transmission of JEV via blood transfusion has not been reported. We report transmission of JEV via blood donation products from an asymptomatic viremic donor to 2 immunocompromised recipients. One recipient on high-dose immunosuppressive drugs received JEV-positive packed red blood cells after a double lung transplant; severe encephalitis and a poor clinical outcome resulted. JEV RNA was detected in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens. The second recipient had leukemia and received platelets after undergoing chemotherapy. This patient was asymptomatic; JEV infection was confirmed in this person by IgM seroconversion. This study illustrates that, consistent with other pathogenic flaviviruses, JEV can be transmitted via blood products. Targeted donor screening and pathogen reduction technologies could be used to prevent transfusion-transmitted JEV infection in highly JEV-endemic areas.
Distal Patellar Tendon Avulsion Associated with an ACL Tear in a Teenager: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Christina Steiger, Benoit Coulin, Tanguy Vendeuvre, Anne Tabard-Fougere, Giacomo De Marco, Céline Habre, Romain Dayer, Dimitri Ceroni
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Distal patellar tendon avulsions are rare injuries in healthy individuals, and to date, no case affecting skeletally mature teenagers and adolescents has been reported. In the majority of cases, distal patellar tendon avulsions are associated with severe intra-articular knee lesions, signifying a high-energy trauma. We present the case of a 15.5-year-old female who was admitted to the emergency department after a knee injury. The mechanism of injury was a combination of landing after a jump off a scooter and sudden deceleration with a fixed foot. Lateral radiographs revealed a distal patellar tendon avulsion. An MRI was conducted to accurately diagnose concomitant lesions. The MRI revealed a complete tear of the ACL, and associated bone bruises on the lateral femoral condyle, and also on the posterolateral tibial plateau. A knee joint exam under general anesthesia demonstrated good stability during valgus stress testing and only a grade 1 positive Lachman test. Therefore, we decided to only reconstruct the extensor mechanism and to abstain from a primary ACL reconstruction. The presented case and review of the literature demonstrate the clinical relevance of this atypical lesion. In fact, a distal patellar tendon avulsion after physeal fusion of the proximal tibia should raise a strong suspicion of severe associated intra-articular knee lesions and requires prompt MRI investigation. However, controversy still exists regarding the management of these injuries, in particular concerning the question of whether to address both injuries in a single stage or in 2 stages.
Aggressive angiomyxoma: The first case report in skull
Authors: Zexin Cao, Lifeng Miao, Min Liu, Wenyu Liu, Hengrui Zhang, Xuchen Liu, Jiwei Wang, Xinyu Wang
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: aggressive angiomyxoma, case report, local invasion, recurrence, skull
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare mesenchymal tumor primarily growing in the soft tissue of the pelvis and perineum in women of reproductive age. It is a benign tumor that still has a probability of being accompanied by localized invasion. Although negative margins of resection are difficult to achieve due to the invasive nature of the tumor and the lack of a well-defined capsule, the first line of treatment for AAM is surgery. The diagnosis of AAM is difficult to make due to a lack of specific manifestations and specific tumor markers. In this study, we reported a case of aggressive angiomyxoma in a 2-year-old girl that rarely develops in the skull with craniocerebral compression. The patient initially had a mass on her head that attracted the attention of her family, and then she began to have episodic headaches. Surgery was performed after hospitalization, and the tumor recurred 1 year after the operation, around the originally affected skull.