OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
A Case Report of an Intestinal Helminth Infection of Human Hymenolepiasis in Rural Gambia
Authors: Usman N Ikumapayi, Chilel Sanyang, Dora Ia Pereira
Journal: Clin Med Rev Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: children, hymenolepiasis, hymenolepis nana, tapeworm, the gambia

Background:

Hymenolepis nana, also called dwarf tapeworm infection, is an intestinal helminth not previously reported in The Gambia and only very rarely reported in West Africa.
Case presentation:
We report a case of H. nana infection in a 29-month-old child living in a rural community of the north bank of the Upper River Region (URR) in The Gambia. The child presented with mild iron deficiency anaemia and granulocytosis but was otherwise mostly asymptomatic despite the moderate-intensity of infection.
Conclusions:
We support treatment of H. nana infection even in largely asymptomatic children to prevent autoinfection and spread of this intestinal helminth in The Gambia and in other West African countries.
Abbreviations:
GCP: Good Clinical Practice; HAZ: Height-for-age z-score; IHAT-GUT: Acronym for the Iron Hydroxide Adipate Tartrate Supplementation Study; ICH: International Conference on Harmonisation; SD: Standard Deviation; URR: Upper River Region; WAZ: Weight-for-age z-score; WHO: World Health Organization; WHZ: Weight-for-height z-score.
Severe Form of ßIV-Spectrin Deficiency With Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cardiomyopathy-A Case Report
Authors: Aziza Miriam Belkheir, Janine Reunert, Christiane Elpers, Lambert van den Heuvel, Richard Rodenburg, Anja Seelhöfer, Stephan Rust, Astrid Jeibmann, Michael Frosch, Thorsten Marquardt
Journal: Front Neurol (2021)
Keywords: cardiomyopathy, case report, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegeneration, psychomotor developmental arrest, ßiv-spectrin deficiency
MeSH terms: Case Reports

ßIV-spectrin is a protein of the spectrin family which is involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton structure and is found in high quantity in the axon initial segment and the nodes of Ranvier. Together with ankyrin G, ßIV-spectrin is responsible for the clustering of KCNQ2/3-potassium channels and NaV-sodium channels. Loss or reduction of ßIV-spectrin causes a destabilization of the cytoskeleton and an impairment in the generation of the action potential, which leads to neuronal degeneration. Furthermore, ßIV-spectrin has been described to play an important role in the maintenance of the neuronal polarity and of the diffusion barrier. ßIV-spectrin is also located in the heart where it takes an important part in the structural organization of ion channels and has also been described to participate in cell signaling pathways through binding of transcription factors. We describe two patients with a severe form of ßIV-spectrin deficiency. Whole-exome sequencing revealed the homozygous stop mutation c.6016C>T (p.R2006*) in the SPTBN4 gene. The phenotype of these patients is characterized by profound psychomotor developmental arrest, respiratory insufficiency and deafness. Additionally one of the patients presents with cardiomyopathy, optical nerve atrophy, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This is the first report of a severe form of ßIV-spectrin deficiency with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Injection Site Erythema in a Patient on Therapeutic Anticoagulation with Low Molecular Weight Heparin after Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Rare Presentation of Heparin- and Protamine-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Caroline Holaubek, Paul Simon, Sabine Eichinger-Hasenauer, Franz Gremmel, Barbara Steinlechner
Journal: Case Reports Immunol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Previous exposition to heparin and protamine in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative therapeutic anticoagulation with LMWH may lead to the development of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and/or protamine-induced thrombocytopenia (PIT). This case deals with a rare clinical presentation of circulating IgG antibodies against heparin/platelet factor 4 complexes and heparin/protamine complexes after cardiac surgery. Ensuing purpura and skin necrosis (blisters) at the injection sites of LMWH and clinical symptoms improved rapidly after replacement of LMWH by an alternative anticoagulant. The aim of this report is to draw attention to the several different clinical manifestations of heparin- and/or protamine-induced thrombocytopenia and shows a possible course of treatment and recovery.
Case Report: Migraine-Induced Dystonia of the Lower Extremities
Authors: Ting Jiang, Yinyin Xie, Buajieerguli Maimaiti, Yu Cheng, Zhaoran Li, Hongmei Meng
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: case report, dystonia, migraine, movement disorder, patent foramen ovale
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Migraine is a highly prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unilateral, or bilateral throbbing severe headaches. Currently, there are extremely rare cases of migraine-induced dystonia. A 52-year-old woman was admitted for intractable migraine for about 5 days and walking difficulties for 1 day. The symptom of an inability to walk appeared on the fourth day of the headache attack lasting for 1 day and resolved on its own as the headache subsided. The same symptoms appeared once 6 years ago. Neurological examination, brain Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), laboratory tests of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were normal. The contrast transcranial Doppler echocardiography (cTCD) revealed a latent and massive right-to-left shunt (RLS) after the release of the Valsalva maneuver. The patient was diagnosed with migraine-induced dystonia of the lower limbs. Oral ibuprofen and flunarizine and avoidance of increased chest pressure maneuvers were used for treatment and prevention. During the 6-month follow-up, the patient was free of headaches and walking difficulties. Our study reported a rare case of migraine-induced dystonia of the lower extremities.
Paclitaxel Induced MDS and AML: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Udit Bhaskar Bhatnagar, Daulath Singh, Alexy Glazyrin, Jill Moormeier
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2016)

Therapy related acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have been classically linked to alkylating agents and topoisomerase inhibitors. They constitute about 1% of all AMLs. There is less evidence on association of taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) with these myeloid neoplasms. We present a case of paclitaxel therapy related acute myelogenous leukemia after treatment of endometrial cancer with a regimen containing paclitaxel and carboplatin. A 63-year-old female underwent surgery followed by a total of 6 cycles of chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Six months after last cycle of chemotherapy, she was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome with refractory anemia and excess blasts. Six weeks later, she had worsening anemia and thrombocytopenia which prompted a bone marrow biopsy which revealed acute myelomonocytic leukemia. A thorough literature review revealed 12 other case reports where taxanes have been implicated in the development of therapy related myeloid neoplasm. Based on the timeline of events in our patient, paclitaxel is the likely culprit in the pathogenesis of this myeloid neoplasm. This rare but significantly grave adverse effect should be kept in consideration when deciding on treatment options for gynecological malignancies.
Trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia after eight cycles of trastuzumab treatment
Authors: Qiong Zhou, Jie Dong, Xiaodong Jiang, Yueyin Pan, Xinghua Han
Journal: Open Med (Wars) (2020)
Keywords: breast cancer, thrombocytopenia, trastuzumab
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody derived from recombinant DNA, is used in patients with breast cancer with HER2 gene amplification. The survival benefit from trastuzumab has been well established in patients with early and metastatic breast cancer who had over expression of HER2. We reported a case of severe thrombocytopenia after eight cycles of trastuzumab treatment for breast cancer. Before the 9th trastuzumab treatment, the patient's platelet decreased to 48 × 109/L. Recombinant human thrombopoietin was used, and the platelet level increased to normal level. Before the 10th treatment, the platelet count of the patient was 99 × 109/L. However, during the 10th and 11th trastuzumab treatment, the platelet count decreased to 5 × 109/L in 24 h. After treatment with TPO and corticosteroids, the platelet levels increased to the normal level in 7 days. Trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia is rare but still occurred even after 8 cycles of trastuzumab treatment.
Case Report: A Rare Case of Nasal Forehead Mass in Kimura's Disease
Authors: He Zhao, Zhi-Wei Cao, Zhao-Wei Gu
Journal: Front Surg (2021)
Keywords: kimura disease, case report, nasal forehead mass, prednisone, surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Kimura's disease is a rheumatic immune disease and head and neck lymph nodes are often involved. A mass occurring in the nasal forehead is rare. Good prognosis after surgical resection by glucocorticoid therapy is more rare. Case Summary: We report the rare case of a nasal forehead mass in a 45-year-old male patient with Kimura's disease. The patient underwent resection of the mass in October 2018 in a local hospital and the postoperative pathology was unclear. He then underwent a second resection in our department in December 2019 mainly because growth of the mass was affecting his appearance. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the patient had Kimura's disease, and he accepted systemic treatment with prednisone. We followed the patient for 10 months after surgery. He is now recovering well and continues to be closely monitored during follow-up. Conclusion: It is rare that the painless mass in the nasal forehead is diagnosed as a Kimura's disease.After completely resection of the mass and systemic treatment with prednisone, the patient had a good outcome. We provide experience for the treatment of Kimura's disease in nasal forehead.
Tunga penetrans: painful lesions on the feet-the first imported case from Guinea-bissau
Authors: A Rosmaninho, S Vilaça, V Costa, A Sarmento, I Amorim, M Selores
Journal: Case Rep Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tungiasis is an endemic disease in certain poor areas around the world. Imported infestations in travelers are becoming more frequent and can lead to considerable morbidity. We report a case of a 50 year-old-man who returned from a trip to Guinea-Bissau with an infection caused by Tunga penetrans.
C4d Deposition in Fetal Vessels of the Placenta in Neonatal Lupus Syndrome
Authors: Yuichiro Sato, Tomoko Yamaguchi, Jyunsuke Muraoka, Hajime Taniguchi, Atsushi Kisanuki, Kazunari Maekawa, Atushi Yamashita, Murasaki Aman, Yuki Kodama, Hiroshi Sameshima, Yujiro Asada
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Neonatal lupus syndrome (NLS) is a rare, passively acquired autoimmune syndrome caused by maternal autoantibodies. We describe a case of a newborn with NLS and the accompanying placental findings. A female neonate was born by emergency cesarean delivery due to non-reassuring fetal status at 35 weeks and 3 days. This neonate had congenital erythematous and scar lesions on the face, back, and upper and lower extremities. Maternal and fetal anti-SSA and SSB antibodies were elevated and this baby was diagnosed as NLS. Histologically, the chorionic villi demonstrated capillary shrinkage. An immunohistochemical study revealed complement deposition (C4d) in the capillaries of the villi and umbilical vessels. Our findings suggest that maternal autoantibodies affect the inflammatory response of the fetus through the placenta and that C4d deposition may be useful for diagnosing NLS.
PERINEAL REPAIR AFTER ABDOMINOPERINEAL EXCISION WITH RECTUS ABDOMINIS MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP
Authors: Elsa D'Annunzio, Alain Valverde, Renato Micelli Lupinacci
Journal: Arq Bras Cir Dig (2020)
MeSH terms: Myocutaneous Flap, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Proctectomy, Rectal Neoplasms / surgery, Case Reports, Aged, Female, Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Perineum / surgery, Rectum / surgery, Rectus Abdominis / surgery

Background:
Myocutaneous flap of the rectus abdominis filling the perineal defect after APR.. Abdominoperineal excision of the rectum (APR) remains the only potential curative treatment for very low rectal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. Yet, it implies a significant perineal exenteration and has set the attention on the perineal reconstruction.
Aim:
To present technique used in one case of APR for anal cancer, with resection of the vaginal posterior wall with large perineal defect which has called for the necessity of a flap for reconstruction.
Method:
To cover the large perineal defect and reconstruct the posterior vaginal wall was perform a standardized and reproducible surgical technique using oblique rectus abdominis myocutaneous (ORAM) flap. The overlying skin of this flap is thick and well vascularized by both superficial branches and perforators of the superior epigastric artery and the deep inferior epigastric artery which serves as the vascular pedicle for the ORAM flap.
Results:
This procedure was applied in a 65-year-old woman with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the anus infiltrating the posterior wall of the vagina. Was performed an APR with en-bloc resection of the vaginal posterior wall in order to achieve tumor-free margins. Postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged home at postoperative day 9. Final pathological report confirmed the oncological adequacy of the procedure (R0) and showed a rypT4N0 lesion.
Conclusion:
Flap reconstruction is an effective way to cover the perineal wound reducing both perineal complication rate and wound healing delay. The ORAM is particularly interesting for female whose tumors require resection and subsequent reconstruction of the posterior wall of the vagina.
Characterisation of a rare, reassortant human G10P[14] rotavirus strain detected in Honduras
Authors: Osbourne Quaye, Sunando Roy, Kunchala Rungsrisuriyachai, Mathew D Esona, Ziqian Xu, Ka Ian Tam, Dina J Castro Banegas, Gloria Rey-Benito, Michael D Bowen
Journal: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz (2018)
MeSH terms: Reassortant Viruses / genetics, Rotavirus / genetics, Rotavirus Infections / virology, Case Reports, Child, Preschool, Feces / virology, Genome, Viral, Genotype, Honduras, Humans, Male, RNA, Viral / genetics, Rotavirus / isolation & purification, Rotavirus Infections / diagnosis, RNA, Viral

Background:
Although first detected in animals, the rare rotavirus strain G10P[14] has been sporadically detected in humans in Slovenia, Thailand, United Kingdom and Australia among other countries. Earlier studies suggest that the strains found in humans resulted from interspecies transmission and reassortment between human and bovine rotavirus strains.
Objectives:
In this study, a G10P[14] rotavirus genotype detected in a human stool sample in Honduras during the 2010-2011 rotavirus season, from an unvaccinated 30-month old boy who reported at the hospital with severe diarrhea and vomiting, was characterised to determine the possible evolutionary origin of the rare strain.
Methods:
For the sample detected as G10P[14], 10% suspension was prepared and used for RNA extraction and sequence independent amplification. The amplicons were sequenced by next-generation sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq 150 paired end method. The sequence reads were analysed using CLC Genomics Workbench 6.0 and phylogenetic trees were constructed using PhyML version 3.0.
Findings:
The next generation sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the 11-segmented genome of the G10P[14] strain allowed classification as G10-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3. Six of the genes (VP1, VP2, VP3, VP6, NSP2 and NSP4) were DS-1-like. NSP1 and NSP5 were AU-1-like and NSP3 was T6, which suggests that multiple reassortment events occurred in the evolution of the strain. The phylogenetic analyses and genetic distance calculations showed that the VP7, VP4, VP6, VP1, VP3, NSP1, NSP3 and NSP4 genes clustered predominantly with bovine strains. NSP2 and VP2 genes were most closely related to simian and human strains, respectively, and NSP5 was most closely related to a rhesus strain.
Main conclusions:
The genetic characterisation of the G10P[14] strain from Honduras suggests that its genome resulted from multiple reassortment events which were possibly mediated through interspecies transmissions.
Primary intracerebral osteosarcoma: a rare case report and review
Authors: Song-Ping Chen, Jin-Long Tang, Xiu-Liang Zhu
Journal: Springerplus (2016)
Keywords: brain, mri, osteosarcoma, primary

Background:
Primary intracranial osteosarcoma is a extremely rare disease entity. We describe a case of primary intracerebral osteosarcoma in an adult brain.
Case description:
A patient who presented with a 1-week history of headaches, and MRI examination was performed. The immunohistochemical diagnosis confirmed primary intracerebral osteosarcoma. The patient was treated with a surgical resection of the tumor.
Conclusion:
Primary osteosarcomas occurring in the brain are extremely rare. The MRI images did not provide a specific pretreatment diagnosis, and the histopathology was the mainstay in establishing the diagnosis.
Case Report: Primary NK/T Cell Lymphoma Nasal Type of the Colon With Multiple Intestinal Perforations
Authors: Yan Zhang, Weiping Liu, Xinyue Zhang, Bing Wu
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: intestinal neoplasm, nk/t cell lymphoma, extranodal, non-hodgkin lymphoma, perforation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma mainly involving the upper aerodigestive tract, even rarer is primary extranasal disease involving the intestine. We present a case of primary intestinal NK/T cell lymphoma with diagnostic challenge, which eventually developed into multiple intestinal perforations. Case Presentation: A 35-year-old man presented with diarrhea and recurrent fever. Abdominal CT revealed multi-segmental intestinal wall thickening. Colonoscopy showed multiple irregular ulcers in colon. During the hospitalization, the patient developed intestinal perforation and an emergency surgery was performed. The resected specimen showed multiple perforations of the colon. The surgical samples underwent pathological analysis, and a diagnosis of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma nasal type was confirmed. After recovering from surgery, the patient started receiving chemotherapy and PD-1 monoclonal antibody. Fortunately, he was discharged after significant improvement in his general condition. Eleven months follow-up was uneventful. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of primary intestinal NK/T cell lymphoma is frequently difficult. Most patients were definitely diagnosed only after surgical resection following complications, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, doctors should maintain high suspicion of this malignancy for early diagnosis at an early stage clinically.
Case report: Therapy adherence, MTTP variants, and course of atheroma in two patients with HoFH on low-dose, long-term lomitapide therapy
Authors: Meral Kayikcioglu, Hasan Selcuk Ozkan, Burcu Yagmur, Selen Bayraktaroglu, Asli Tetik Vardarli
Journal: Front Genet (2023)
Keywords: mttp, genetics, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, lipoprotein apheresis, lomitapide, low-density lipoprotein receptor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare and devastating genetic condition characterized by extremely elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) leading to an increased risk of premature atherosclerosis. Patients with Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia mostly present with mutations in LDLR; however, herein, we present two cases with concomitant microsomal triglyceride transfer protein mutations, who showed different clinical courses and treatment adherence on long-term therapy with the new MTTP inhibitor lomitapide. Objectives: We aimed to present the possibility of preventing the progression of atherosclerotic burden with effective and safe LDL-C reduction in patients with Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia on low-dose lomitapide therapy and emphasize the role of treatment adherence in therapy success. Methods: We present two patients with phenotypically Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, a compound heterozygous woman and a simple homozygous man, both with LDLR and additional MTTP mutations, who were treated with the MTTP-inhibiting agent lomitapide, with different treatment compliances. The role of impulsivity was investigated through Barratt Impulsivity Scale 11, and the extent of the atherosclerotic burden was followed up using coronary artery calcium scoring, echocardiographic and sonographic findings, and, eventually, through a strict follow-up of laboratory parameters. The patients were on lomitapide for 8 and 5 years, respectively, with no adverse effects. Conclusion: When accompanied by good adherence to therapy, low-dose lomitapide on top of standard lipid-lowering therapy with decreased frequency of lipid apheresis prevented the progression of atherosclerotic burden. Non-compliance might occur due to patient impulsivity and non-adherence to a low-fat diet.
Toxic Shock Syndrome Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) After Expander-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Hirotaka Suga, Tomohiro Shiraishi, Akihiko Takushima, Kiyonori Harii
Journal: Eplasty (2016)
Keywords: breast reconstruction, complication, expander, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, toxic shock syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
Toxic shock syndrome is a rare but life-threatening complication after plastic surgery procedures.
Methods:
We experienced 2 cases of toxic shock syndrome after expander-based breast reconstruction caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Results:
The first patient took a severe clinical course due to the delayed diagnosis and treatment, and the second patient recovered rapidly after the early diagnosis and treatment based on our experience of the first case. Fever, rash, and gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea and/or vomiting) were characteristic and important for the early diagnosis of toxic shock syndrome.
Conclusions:
Considering the increased prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, we should suspect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in cases of toxic shock syndrome that occur postoperatively, and the empiric administration of vancomycin should be initiated in such cases.