OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
A cultural-ecosocial systems view for psychiatry
Authors: Ana Gómez-Carrillo, Laurence J Kirmayer
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: clinical case formulation, cultural psychiatry, ecosocial, embodiment, enactment, looping effects, multilevel explanation, systems theory

While contemporary psychiatry seeks the mechanisms of mental disorders in neurobiology, mental health problems clearly depend on developmental processes of learning and adaptation through ongoing interactions with the social environment. Symptoms or disorders emerge in specific social contexts and involve predicaments that cannot be fully characterized in terms of brain function but require a larger social-ecological view. Causal processes that result in mental health problems can begin anywhere within the extended system of body-person-environment. In particular, individuals' narrative self-construal, culturally mediated interpretations of symptoms and coping strategies as well as the responses of others in the social world contribute to the mechanisms of mental disorders, illness experience, and recovery. In this paper, we outline the conceptual basis and practical implications of a hierarchical ecosocial systems view for an integrative approach to psychiatric theory and practice. The cultural-ecosocial systems view we propose understands mind, brain and person as situated in the social world and as constituted by cultural and self-reflexive processes. This view can be incorporated into a pragmatic approach to clinical assessment and case formulation that characterizes mechanisms of pathology and identifies targets for intervention.
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor of stomach
Authors: Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Ayman Azzam, Asma Alnajjar, Hussa Al-Hussaini, Tarek Amin
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2013)

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely uncommon, highly aggressive, and malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of undetermined histogenesis. Less than 200 case reports have been documented in literature so far. Herein, we report a 26-year-old otherwise healthy female patient who presented with a 1-month history of epigastric pain. On physical examination, a palpable, slightly mobile, and tender epigastric mass was detected. All laboratory tests were normal. A chest, abdominal, and pelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans showed a 3.8 × 7.2 × 8.7 cm ill-defined mass, involving gastric fundus and extending into gastric cardia and lower gastroesophageal junction. It was associated with multiple enlarged gastrohepatic lymph nodes; the largest measured 1.2 cm. There was no evidence of ascites or retroperitoneal or mesenteric lymphatic metastases. Patient underwent total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, splenectomy, and antecolic Roux-en-Y esophagojejunal anastomosis. Histopathological examination revealed coexpression of mesenchymal, epithelial, and neural markers. The characteristic chromosomal translocation (t(11; 22)(p13; q12)) was demonstrated on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. Diagnosis of DSRCT of stomach was confirmed. Patient received no postoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. A postoperative 3-month followup failed to show any recurrence. In addition, a literature review on DSRCT is included.
Desmoid tumour: a rare etiology of intestinal obstruction
Authors: Gaurav Aggarwal, Sumit Shukla, Ankur Maheshwari, Rajkumar Mathur
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2015)
Keywords: intestinal obstruction, desmoid tumour, pandora′s box
MeSH terms: Abdominal Neoplasms / complications, Fibromatosis, Aggressive / complications, Intestinal Obstruction / etiology, Case Reports, Abdominal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Adult, Female, Fibromatosis, Aggressive / diagnosis, Humans, Intestinal Obstruction / diagnosis

Intestinal obstruction is a frequently encountered entity in surgical practice. The signs & symptoms, many a times, are suggestive of the level of obstruction, making the diagnosis of obstruction evident. There are various causes of intestinal obstruction which diversify to an enormous extent, stamping on the famous paradigm for the mysterious nature of the abdomen being referred to as the Pandora's Box. In accordance with the above saying, we report a rare case of a desmoid tumour, presenting as intestinal obstruction, which entices us to strongly believe the same.
Complicated Growth Plate Fracture: Torn Metaphyseal Periosteum with Physeal Interposition
Authors: Frederiek Laloo, Saira Haque, Marcela De La Hoz Polo
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2021)
Keywords: growth plate, magnetic resonance imaging, pediatrics, periosteal physeal interposition, salter-harris fractures
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching point: Displacement of torn periosteum into the growth plate is an uncommon pediatric entity following trauma - which can be seen on an MRI as low signal intensity physeal interposition on all pulse sequences, and requires open surgical reduction, as it may lead to growth plate bridging and subsequent extremity length discrepancy.
Pancreatic metastasis of high-grade papillary serous ovarian carcinoma mimicking primary pancreas cancer: a case report
Authors: Yusuf Gunay, Ebru Demiralay, Alp Demirag
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)

Introduction. Reports of epithelial ovarian carcinomas metastatic to the pancreas are very rare. We herein present a metastasis of high grade papillary serous ovarian cancer to mid portion of pancreas. Case. A 42-year-old patient was admitted with a non-specified malignant cystic lesion in midportion of pancreas. She had a history of surgical treatment for papillary serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. A cystic lesion was revealed by an abdominal computerized tomography (CT) performed in her follow up . It was considered as primary mid portion of pancreatic cancer and a distal pancreatectomy was performed. The final pathology showed high-grade papillary serous adenocarcinoma morphologically similar to the previously diagnosed ovarian cancer. Discussion. Metastatic pancreatic cancers should be considered in patients who present with a solitary pancreatic mass and had a previous non-pancreatic malignancy. Differential diagnosis of primary pancreatic neoplasm from metastatic malignancy may be very difficult. A biopsy for tissue confirmation is required to differentiate primary and secondary pancreatic tumors. Although, the value of surgical resection is poorly documented, resection may be considered in selected patients. Conclusion. Pancreatic metastasis of ovarian papillary serous adenocarcinoma has to be kept in mind when a patient with pancreatic mass has a history of ovarian malignancy.
Complete esophageal obstruction following endoscopic variceal band ligation
Authors: Harjit Chahal, Anita Ahmed, Carlton Sexton, Abhijit Bhatia
Journal: J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect (2013)
Keywords: band ligation, endoscopy, esophageal obstruction
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Variceal hemorrhage is a potential complication of portal hypertension. Besides medical management, endoscopic variceal band ligation (EVBL) has emerged as a promising prophylactic tool proving to be superior to sclerotherapy. EBVL is a simple procedure associated with minor complications and short recovery time. In this report, we present a case of a rare complication of complete esophageal obstruction following an EVBL procedure. Given the high numbers of such procedures performed, it is imperative that internists and specialists be aware of this unusual complication.
Metastatic, her-2 amplified lacrimal gland carcinoma with response to lapatinib treatment
Authors: Trevor Dennie
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2015)

Carcinoma of the lacrimal gland is a rare malignancy, limiting opportunities to develop new therapeutic regimens through clinical trials. There are no standard guidelines on optimal treatment of lacrimal gland carcinoma. In addition, lacrimal gland carcinoma includes several different subtypes with distinct behavior and response to treatment, further complicating treatment. Overexpression of the Her-2/neu protein, a potential target for new therapeutic agents, has previously been described in lacrimal gland carcinoma; however, there are no published reports regarding treatment of lacrimal gland cancer with Her-2 directed medications. This case report describes treatment of a patient with metastatic lacrimal gland carcinoma with lapatinib, an oral agent with activity against Her-2/neu amplified malignancies. In this case, Her-2 overexpression was confirmed by biopsy of a metastatic site. PET imaging obtained 6 months after the initiation of lapatinib showed evidence of a partial response to treatment, although the patient later developed progressive neurologic complications related to her malignancy and ultimately died. Lapatinib and other Her-2 targeted agents may represent an effective therapeutic option for this rare malignancy, in cases of metastatic disease.
Does Total Wrist Arthroplasty for Treatment of Posttraumatic Wrist Joint Osteoarthritis in Young Patients Always Lead to Restriction of High-demand Activities of Daily Living? Case Report and Brief Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Ingo Schmidt
Journal: Open Orthop J (2017)
Keywords: greater arc injury, posttraumatic pancarpal wrist joint osteoarthritis, posttraumatic ulnar carpal translocation, radiocarpal dislocation, total wrist arthroplasty, wrist

Background:
Posttraumatic ulnar carpal translocation is a very rare condition that is caused either by fracture-dislocation injury or by purely ligamentous injury of the wrist. Its prognosis is poor and development of posttraumatic pancarpal wrist joint osteoarthritis is inevitable, and options for treatment are total wrist fusion or total wrist arthroplasty.
Methods:
A 24-year-old male sustained a fracture-related injury in his left wrist that was accompanied with a second ligamentous distorsion-related injury 1 year later in the same wrist. Seven years after first injury, a posttraumatic pancarpal wrist joint osteoarthritis has developed that was caused by posttraumatic ulnar carpal translocation. The patient was treated by total wrist arthroplasty with use of the MaestroTM Wrist Reconstructive System.
Results:
With our patient, it is unclear whether posttraumatic ulnar carpal translocation occurred either as result of the first fracture-related injury or as result of the second ligamentous distorsion-related injury or as result of both injuries. The 31-year-old patient could be reemployed completely in his original occupation as a mechanic for big agriculture machines and load his wrist with more than 10 pounds. In order to preserve motion, the patient reported that he would undergo the same total wrist arthroplasty a second time were it necessary.
Conclusion:
We report on a young male receiving total wrist arthroplasty and resulting in good restoration of his high-demand claims in activities of daily living, respectively. However, it cannot be concluded that total wrist arthroplasty is to be preferred generally over total wrist fusion in young patients. Essential prerequisite for this motion-preserving procedure is the compliance of patients.
Case report: Ileocecal preservation for multiple small intestinal duplications
Authors: Hongxiu Xu, Weiqiang Liu, Chunqing Liu, Yunpeng Zhai, Huashan Zhao, Rui Guo, Longfei Lv, Shisong Zhang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: children, ileocecal junction preservation, intestinal duplication, laparoscopy, multiple
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Small-intestinal duplication is a rare congenital developmental anomaly that is mainly single; multiple small-intestinal duplications are rare. Most malformations are located in the ileocecal region. The primary surgical treatment is complete resection of the malformations and adjacent intestinal ducts. However, the ileocecal junction plays an important role in children, and it is difficult to preserve it; multiple intestinal repairs increase the risk of postoperative intestinal fistula, which is a challenge for pediatric surgeons. Herein, we report a case of ileocecal preservation surgery for the treatment of multiple small intestinal duplication malformations near the ileocecal area. The child underwent laparoscopically assisted cyst excision and multiple intestinal repairs and had good postoperative recovery and follow-up.
Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones
Authors: John G West, Nimmi S Kapoor, Shu-Yuan Liao, June W Chen, Lisa Bailey, Robert A Nagourney
Journal: Case Rep Med (2013)

Breast cancer occurring in women under the age of 40 is uncommon in the absence of family history or genetic predisposition, and prompts the exploration of other possible exposures or environmental risks. We report a case series of four young women-ages from 21 to 39-with multifocal invasive breast cancer that raises the concern of a possible association with nonionizing radiation of electromagnetic field exposures from cellular phones. All patients regularly carried their smartphones directly against their breasts in their brassieres for up to 10 hours a day, for several years, and developed tumors in areas of their breasts immediately underlying the phones. All patients had no family history of breast cancer, tested negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2, and had no other known breast cancer risks. Their breast imaging is reviewed, showing clustering of multiple tumor foci in the breast directly under the area of phone contact. Pathology of all four cases shows striking similarity; all tumors are hormone-positive, low-intermediate grade, having an extensive intraductal component, and all tumors have near identical morphology. These cases raise awareness to the lack of safety data of prolonged direct contact with cellular phones.
Metastatic liver tumor from a primary gastric cancer with infiltration of the Glisson's pedicle: A case report
Authors: Yusuke Takahashi, Hitoshi Seki
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: hepatectomy, liver neoplasms, stomach neoplasm

Introduction:
Metastatic liver tumors from primary gastric cancer are rarely resected because of the high rate of metastasis and recurrence of gastric cancer, and there is little information regarding the pathological assessment of these tumors. We present a case of a single metastatic liver tumor from gastric cancer with invasion of the interlobular bile duct for which we achieved margin-free resection with good clinical outcomes.
Presentation of case:
An 80-year-old patient presented with a tumor in segment V of the liver, with invasion of Glisson's pedicle confirmed on preoperative magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography imaging. On the basis of the preoperative assessment, we proceeded with partial hepatectomy, with transection of one of the roots of Glisson's pedicle performed under echography guidance. Pathological examination confirmed gastric cancer as the primary source of the metastatic tumor. R0 resection was achieved, with no evidence of cancer recurrence at one year after surgery.
Discussion:
Our experience supports partial hepatectomy with R0 margin tumor resection as an oncologically feasible treatment for metastatic liver tumor arising from primary gastric cancer (in the absence of other metastatic lesions) and shows that a good prognosis can be achieved. Of note, intraoperative echography did not detect tumor invasion of Glisson's pedicle, which was evident only on preoperative imaging.
Conclusion:
This case suggests that magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography imaging findings are important for surgical planning of hepatectomy. Further follow-up data and more cases are needed to completely define the clinical significance of tumor invasion of Glisson's pedicle.
Thoracoscopic excision of two bronchogenic cysts located in highest upper mediastinum: Report of two cases
Authors: Fengwu Lin, Chuan Zhang, Kunpeng Cheng, Dan Dang, Yan Zhao
Journal: Pak J Med Sci (2015)
Keywords: brochogenic cysts, highest upper mediastinum, thoracoscopy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital malformation that need surgical removal. To date, bronchogenic cysts located in highest upper mediastinum excised by thoracoscopy have not been reported, though complete thoracoscopic extirpation of a bronchogenic cyst has been reported before. We excised two highest upper bronchogenic cysts by thoracoscopy successfully without any postoperative complication, demonstrating thoracoscopy could be a first-line therapeutic option even for highest upper mediastinum brochogenic cysts.
Neurofolicullar hamartoma presenting as a rare adnexal neoplasm in association with basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Fatemeh Montazer, Alireza Sanei Motlagh
Journal: Caspian J Intern Med (2019)
Keywords: basal cell carcinoma, s-100 protein, skin tumor, immunohistochemistry, neurofollicular hamartoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Neurofollicular hamartoma (NFH) is characterized histopathologically by fascicles of spindle cells that laterally delimited by hyperplastic folliculosebaceous units. It usually appears on face, near the nose or nasolabial fold. It does not manifest true neural differentiation and recently the term spindle cell predominant trichodiscoma (SCPT) has been used instead.
Case presentation:
We present a case of a 40-year-old male with co-incidence of NFH and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) that the mesenchymal components of NFH were similar to SCPT but these components highly expressed S-100 protein. We also discuss about the histological aspect of the neoplasia in this report and consider the findings of other reports in association with classification of NFH by means of cellular markers and morphological resemblance to other skin hamartomas.
Conclusion:
Neurofollicular hamartoma is a rare benign tumor that thought to represent the cellular end of a morphological spectrum with trichodiscoma. The morphological features and expression of S100 protein in neural element helped us to achieve the diagnosis of neurofollicular hamartoma. However, variable reports of S-100 protein expression in NFH are available and further studies are needed to determine the classification of this tumor.
A Case Report of Calyceal Diverticulum: Differential Diagnosis for Organ-Preserving Operations
Authors: Alexandr V Kurkov, Viktoriya M Pominalnaya, Viktor V Nechay, Igor A Ratke, Sergej V Mishugin, Alexandr A Drobyazko, Alexandra V Butenko, Alexey L Fayzullin, Ekaterina A Gomzikova
Journal: Front Surg (2021)
Keywords: calyceal diverticulum, intrarenal epidermal cysts, kidney, nephrectomy, simple renal cyst
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Calyceal diverticula and epidermal cysts are extremely rare kidney lesions with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. They have non-specific clinical and radiological picture. Despite the benign nature, sometimes these disorders mimic malignant tumors leading to unjustified nephrectomy. We present a clinical and morphological observation of a multicystic lesion in a 76-year-old patient's right kidney filled with keratinized masses and imitating a malignant solid tumor. The detailed gross, histological and immunohistochemical (desmin, cytokeratin 7, uroplakin and p63) analyses of the kidney tissue excluded the malignant nature of the lesion. The final differential diagnosis was between an epidermal cyst and calyceal diverticulum with pronounced squamous cell metaplasia of urothelium. The upper pole localization of the lesion, its connection with the pelvicalyceal system through the unobstructed isthmus, the presence of urothelial lining and smooth muscle cells in its wall let us diagnose a calyceal diverticulum type I. Knowledge of the key clinical and morphological features of epidermal cysts and diverticula of the pelvicalyceal system will help the practicing physicians suspect the benign nature of such lesions and perform organ-preserving operations.
Case report: Ketogenic diet acutely improves cognitive function in patient with Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Annette Bosworth, Vyvyane Loh, Blackjack N Stranahan, Christopher M Palmer
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, down syndrome, cognition, episodic memory, executive function, ketogenic, ketone, mild cognitive impairment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ketogenic diets have a century-long history as a therapeutic tool to treat intractable epilepsy. Recently, a renewed interest in neuroketotherapeutics has arisen, with ketogenic diets being explored for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as mental health conditions. Herein, we present a case report of a 47-year-old woman with Down syndrome diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and absence seizures with accelerated cognitive decline over 6 years. A ketogenic diet restored her cognitive function over 6 weeks, with an increase in Activities of Daily Living Scale score from 34 to 58. A therapeutic ketogenic diet was associated with significant cognitive improvement in this patient with concurrent Down syndrome and dementia.
Mature Ovarian Teratoma: Neurological Implications in a Young Woman
Authors: Michele Carlo Schiavi, Fabio Manganelli, Claudia Morgani, Pietro Cignini, Veronica Yacoub, Valerio Carletti, Debora Grilli, Anna Di Pinto, Francesco Bisogni, Azzurra Ligato, Francesco Galanti, Herbert Carmelo Carlo Valensise, Pier Luigi Palazzetti
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is an autoimmune syndrome associated with antibodies against NMDA receptors. In some cases, it is associated with various tumors; one of them is ovarian teratoma, which mostly affects women below the age of 30 years. Here, we report a case of ovarian teratoma associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis treated with both laparoscopic surgery and immunotherapy. Multidisciplinary approach is the cornerstone for the management of this syndrome.
Musician Conserved Absolute Pitch Ability Despite a Right Parietal Subcortical Hemorrhage
Authors: Masahito Katsuki, Yoichi Higo, Kenta Kashiwagi, Shin Kawamura, Akihito Koh
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: absolute pitch (perfect pitch), dual-stream models on auditory processing, music, neural function, stroke
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Absolute pitch (AP) can identify and designate the pitch chroma of a particular tone without using any external references. Unknown neurological mechanisms underlie it. We report the case of a 53-year-old AP musician who developed a right parietal hemorrhage but conserved AP ability. Our case had a lesion in the right parietal lobe that did not affect her AP ability. Our case further supports the hypothesis that the left cerebral hemisphere is important for AP ability.
Pyloric atresia: a challenge in an underdeveloped country
Authors: Aloise Sagna, Ndeye Aby Ndoye, Cheikh Diouf, Papa Alassane Mbaye, Mbaye Fall, Azhar Salim Mohamed, Oumar Ndour, Gabriel Ngom
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2017)
Keywords: pyloric atresia, newborn, rare congenital malformation
MeSH terms: Developing Countries, Gastric Outlet Obstruction / diagnosis, Pylorus / abnormalities, Case Reports, Gastric Outlet Obstruction / therapy, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Senegal, Pyloric Atresia

Pyloric atresia is a rare congenital malformation. We report a case in a 5-day newborn with pyloric atresia type C. Authors emphasize the diagnostic difficulties and therapeutic challenges in a resource-limited country.