OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case report: A community case study of the human-animal bond in animal-assisted therapy: the experiences of psychiatric prisoners with therapy dogs
Authors: Sonia Smith, Colleen Anne Dell, Tim Claypool, Darlene Chalmers, Aliya Khalid
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: risk-need-responsivity model, attachment theory, canine-assisted therapy, human-animal bond, therapy dog
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Prisoners frequently experience chronic loneliness and lack social support, which can exacerbate their struggles with incarceration. According to attachment theory, individuals who are insecurely attached may be more likely to develop unstable relationships and engage in antisocial behavior as adults. In 2015 an animal-assisted therapy (AAT) program was implemented in a Canadian forensic psychiatric facility/prison, a "hybrid" facility that adheres to federal legislation regarding correctional services but follows provincial mental health legislation. The program centers on the development of a human-animal bond (HAB), which serves as a connection between the animals and prisoners. The HAB also addresses issues related to toxic masculinity, which are often present among men incarcerated in correctional facilities, including psychiatric prisons. An instrumental community case study design involving 6 prisoners at a forensic psychiatric facility/prison over 24 AAT sessions between 2015-2019 was undertaken. Interviews with the prisoners and their mental health clinicians were thematically analyzed to explore how the HAB was experienced as a form of attachment. Four themes emerged: safety, physical touch, reciprocity, and acceptance. These themes suggest that the therapy dogs have the potential to serve as a surrogate attachment figure for prisoners, mitigating their experiences of disconnection and fostering their development of interpersonal connections. This suggests attachment theory underpins the HAB and highlights the contribution of AAT practice and research in forensic psychiatric facilities/prisons. This study also suggests that the program's offering of prosocial support and nurturance/caring aligns with the specific criminogenic risks and needs identified within Correctional Service Canada's Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model for rehabilitation. Continued research and attention should be paid to AAT programs as a valuable addition to the range of support networks available to prisoners in psychiatric or non-psychiatric institutions.
Case report: Characterization of the immunologic and molecular landscape in a unique presentation of invasive lobular carcinoma with concurrent uterine carcinosarcoma treated with immunotherapy
Authors: Courtney J Riedinger, Caprice D Eisele, Ashwini Esnakula, Daniel G Stover, Aharon G Freud, Casey M Cosgrove
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: nk cell (nkc), carcinosarcoma, epithelial to mesenchymal (emt), immunotherapy, lobular breast cancer
MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms / genetics, Breast Neoplasms / immunology, Breast Neoplasms / pathology, Breast Neoplasms / therapy, Carcinoma, Lobular / genetics, Carcinoma, Lobular / immunology, Carcinoma, Lobular / secondary, Carcinoma, Lobular / therapy, Carcinosarcoma / genetics, Carcinosarcoma / immunology, Carcinosarcoma / therapy, Immunotherapy / methods, Uterine Neoplasms / genetics, Uterine Neoplasms / immunology, Uterine Neoplasms / pathology, Uterine Neoplasms / therapy, Case Reports, Antigens, CD / genetics, Antigens, CD / immunology, Cadherins / genetics, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / genetics, Female, Humans, Killer Cells, Natural / immunology, Middle Aged, Mutation, Tumor Microenvironment / immunology, Antigens, CD, CDH1 protein, human, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, PIK3CA protein, human, Cadherins

Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is characterized by a relatively high risk for late recurrence and a unique metastatic pattern with an increased risk for metastasis to gynecologic organs and peritoneum. We present a unique case of recurrent ILC with metastasis to the abdominal peritoneum as well as the uterine myometrium and cervix. Treatment was complicated by the discovery of concomitant uterine carcinosarcoma. This patient was effectively treated with a combination of hormonal therapy for her metastatic ILC and a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for uterine carcinosarcoma. Molecular evaluation revealed a characteristic CDH1 mutation within the ILC and a PI3KCA mutation within the uterine carcinosarcoma, both of which have been linked to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions. Examination of the tumor immune microenvironment revealed proportionally more cytotoxic NK cells. This robust immune infiltration may be an indicator of the response to immunotherapy observed in this tumor or a result of the metastatic breast cancer within the uterus. This report provides a characterization of the molecular and immunologic landscape in this case with metastatic ILC and uterine carcinosarcoma.
Time-restricted ketogenic diet in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case study
Authors: Matthew C L Phillips, Samuel E Johnston, Pat Simpson, David K Chang, Danielle Mather, Rognvald J Dick
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, energy metabolism, fasting, ketogenic diet, metabolic strategy, mitochondria dysfunction, motor neuron disease, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder. The most devastating variant is bulbar-onset ALS, which portends a median survival of 24 months from the onset of symptoms. Abundant evidence indicates that neuron metabolism and mitochondrial function are impaired in ALS. Metabolic strategies, particularly fasting and ketogenic diet protocols, alter neuron metabolism and mitochondria function in a manner that may mitigate the symptoms of this disorder. We report the case of a 64-year-old man with a 21-month history of progressive, deteriorating bulbar-onset ALS, with an associated pseudobulbar affect, who implemented a time-restricted ketogenic diet (TRKD) for 18 months. During this time, he improved in ALS-related function (7% improvement from baseline), forced expiratory volume (17% improvement), forced vital capacity (13% improvement), depression (normalized), stress levels (normalized), and quality of life (19% improvement), particularly fatigue (23% improvement). His swallowing impairment and neurocognitive status remained stable. Declines were measured in physical function, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure. Weight loss was attenuated and no significant adverse effects occurred. This case study represents the first documented occurrence of a patient with ALS managed with either a fasting or ketogenic diet protocol, co-administered as a TRKD. We measured improved or stabilized ALS-related function, forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, swallowing, neurocognitive status, mood, and quality of life. Measurable declines were restricted to physical function, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure. Now over 45 months since symptom onset, our patient remains functionally independent and dedicated to his TRKD.
Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Gluteal Muscle: A Case Report
Authors: Oussama El Alaoui, Ousama Jelti, Adnane Lachkar, Najib Abdeljaouad, Hicham Yacoubi
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: cyst hydatid, gluteal muscles, pelvic mri, site of infection, surgical margins
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hydatid disease, also known as cystic echinococcus, is a parasitic infection initiated by Echinococcus granulosus. It primarily affects the lungs and liver, but it can also occur in other organs. Hydatid cysts in the gluteal muscle are an exceedingly rare phenomenon, even in areas with high prevalence. We report the case of a 29-year-old farmer who presented with a painful mass in the gluteal region. The diagnostic findings unveiled the existence of a hydatid cyst within the gluteal muscle managed with complete pericystectomy and chemotherapy with antiparasitic drugs. In regions where hydatid cysts are prevalent, it is essential to include them in the list of potential diagnoses for any cystic mass. Diagnosing such cases can be difficult, and surgery remains the most effective treatment.
Case report: Case analysis of multiple sclerosis with preclinical systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as rare bilateral horizontal gaze palsy
Authors: Li Huan, Yu Xiangming
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: binocular dyskinesia, diagnostic criteria, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, undifferentiated connective tissue disease
MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / complications, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / diagnosis, Multiple Sclerosis / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adult, Antibodies, Antinuclear / blood, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Ocular Motility Disorders / diagnosis, Ocular Motility Disorders / etiology, Antibodies, Antinuclear

We present an analysis of a case initially manifesting as bilateral horizontal gaze palsy, eventually diagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS) with preclinical systemic lupus erythematosus (p-SLE). The patient, a 25-year-old male, exhibited restricted movement in both eyes. Cranial MRI revealed multiple demyelinating lesions; serum analyses indicated elevated levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Sm antibodies, and anti-nRNP antibodies. Oligoclonal bands were identified in the cerebrospinal fluid. Neurophysiological assessments demonstrated damage to the optic, auditory, and facial nerves. Given the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and the progression of the disease, the final diagnosis was confirmed as MS associated with p-SLE. The onset of MS with oculomotor disturbances is rare and may be easily confused with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Furthermore, the differentiation of p-SLE from undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) in the early stages presents significant challenges. Early identification of risk factors and close monitoring of disease activity is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.
A Case Report of Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization and Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction in a Patient with an Uncommon Phenotype in Sickle Cell Disease: Review of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Cassandra P Wang, Denise Malicki, Courtney D Thornburg, Sonya Martinez, Jennifer C Yu
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) is a potential complication for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) who develop red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization to foreign antigens from allogeneic transfusions, potentially resulting in life-threatening hemolytic anemia between 24 hours and 28 days after the transfusion. Guidelines have suggested obtaining an extended RBC antigen profile by genotyping in patients with SCD to provide increased accuracy for antigen matching. We present a pediatric patient with SCD and a rare RBC phenotype that was not identified by serology who developed DHTR after her second lifetime transfusion and highlight the potential advantages of molecular genotyping. She was successfully managed by transfusion with "least incompatible" packed RBCs and aggressive medical management per American Society of Hematology clinical guidelines. Molecular genotyping is advantageous over serologic phenotyping because it can provide additional antigen information, such as increased accuracy for C antigen determination and Fyb antigen matching. Having RBC genotyping results on file for patients with SCD can facilitate care in two ways-by preventing alloimmunization with potential hemolytic transfusion reaction and by responding rapidly to request rare donors when complicating antibodies arise.
Approach to Pregnancy Affected by Kell Alloimmunization
Authors: Serdar Aykut, Suleyman Cansun Demir, Ismaıl Cuneyt Evruke, Mete Sucu, Fatma Islek Uzay, Mesut Avan, Ozge Keles Bayer, Emre Yalcin
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is the development of anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and finally hydrops fetalis in the fetus when antibodies to antigens on the surface of erythrocytes are transferred from the placenta to the fetus. The most common cause is D-HDFN. K (KEL1) from the Kell blood group system is the most potent immunogenic antigen after D among all blood group antigens. K-HDFN occurs in 0.1-0.3% of pregnant women. It accounts for 10% of cases of antibody-mediated severe fetal anemia. We present a successful management of Kell alloimmunization in a pregnant woman who had 3 times pregnancy loss with hydrops fetalis due to K-HDFN and who was proven to have K-HDFN in the postnatal period in her last pregnancy.
Case report and literature review: Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by overheating of electric blanket complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome
Authors: Dongyang Jiang, Ming Zhao, Xiaojun Li, Qiongdan Hu, Qiong Zhang
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: guillain–barré syndrome, acute kidney injury, electric blanket, heatstroke, plasma exchange, rhabdomyolysis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Rhabdomyolysis (RM) induced by electric blankets is exceedingly rare, with only three cases identified in our literature review. Both RM and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) present with similar clinical manifestations of myalgia and muscle weakness, posing a potential challenge for accurate diagnosis in clinical settings. This report presents the case of a 22-year-old man who developed RM subsequent to the use of an electric blanket. Despite undergoing plasma exchange and renal replacement therapy, the patient continued to exhibit poor muscle strength in both lower limbs. Subsequent comprehensive evaluation revealed the presence of concurrent GBS. Following a 5-day course of intravenous gamma globulin treatment, the patient experienced rapid recovery of muscle strength and was discharged. Additionally, we reviewed seven cases from the literature of coexistent RM and GBS. This indicated that investigation of the timing of onset of muscle strength decline in RM patients could help to identify potential concurrent neurological or muscular disorders. In cases in which concurrent GBS and RM cannot be definitively ascertained during early hospitalization, prioritizing plasma exchange treatment may lead to improved patient outcomes.
A Case Report on Care-Seeking Type Illness Anxiety Disorder after COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Lakshmi S Kasi, Bini Moorthy
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This case report highlights the diagnostic challenges presented by the overlapping symptoms of illness anxiety disorder (IAD) and long COVID-19 (LC-19). This case report focuses on a 58-year-old woman with care-seeking type IAD in the context of LC-19-associated symptoms. The patient experienced mild COVID-19 in August 2021. Since then, she has reported an increase in LC-19-associated symptoms, including cognitive deficits, breathlessness, fatigue, and anosmia. Despite largely normal laboratory results, imaging, and physical examinations, the patient's distress and care-seeking behaviors persisted, resulting in the diagnosis of IAD. Accurately differentiating between LC-19 and IAD is crucial for appropriate patient care. We discuss the importance of recognizing and treating IAD in patients with LC-19-associated symptoms and the need for further research on the correlation between IAD and both COVID-19 and LC-19.
Intramedullary arthrodesis of the knee joint with additional femoral neck screw to prevent periprosthetic fracture of the proximal femur. A case report
Authors: Mohamed Ghanem, Christina Pempe, Andreas Roth
Journal: GMS Interdiscip Plast Reconstr Surg DGPW (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Arthrodesis of the knee joint has proven effective in the treatment of chronic periprosthetic infections as well as in cases of previous multiple revision surgery after total knee replacement with insufficiency of the extensor apparatus. In this case report, we report on the use of a custom-made intramedullary arthrodesis nail of the knee joint following multiple revisions due to aseptic loosening after total knee replacement. Surgery was performed according to preoperative computerized planning. Microbiological and histological samples obtained intraoperatively showed no evidence of infection. Yet, the patient presented postoperatively with complete loss of active dorsiflexion of the ipsilateral foot. On one-year follow-up, the patient did not complain of any pain. The radiological findings one year after surgery showed no sign of loosening or any other pathological findings. The neurological lesion has completely recovered. The Harris Hip Score HHS improved from 24 (prior to implantation of the arthrodesis) to 75 on one-year follow-up, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index WOMAC improved from 86 to 20. The particularity of this case lies in the fact that an additional femoral neck screw was brought in to prevent periprosthetic fracture of the proximal femur. Careful preoperative planning as well as surgical performance were necessary to adjust the rotation of the femoral nail to allow adequate positioning of the femoral neck screw. Intramedullary arthrodesis of the knee is a suitable management option following multiple revision surgery after total knee replacement with insufficiency of the extensor apparatus. In many cases, an individual therapeutic plan is necessary ranging up to the use of custom-made implants.
Hybrid management of iliac injury during thoracic endovascular aortic repair: A case report
Authors: Pierfrancesco Antonio Annuvolo, Enrico Centritto, Veronica Picone, Maurizio Maiorano, Maria Giannantonio, Pietro Modugno
Journal: SAGE Open Med Case Rep (2024)
Keywords: iliac, tevar, hybrid, injury, rupture
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair is nowadays the preferred option to manage descending thoracic aorta diseases. However, despite feasibility and safety of the procedures, several complications may occur. We report the case of an 83-year-old female patient with inadvertent iliac rupture occurred during thoracic endovascular aortic repair. To limit massive bleeding, considering the patient's comorbidities contraindicating open surgical repair and the morphology of the arterial injury (circumferential rupture of the artery from its origin), we chose to perform a homolateral hypogastric and common iliac artery embolization and an aorto-uniliac balloon expandable stent graft deployment from the distal aorta to the contralateral common iliac artery. A femoro-femoral crossover bypass graft was performed to restore both lower limbs perfusion. Final angiography documented correct positioning and regular patency of the implanted grafts and bypass with no blood loss from the right iliac vessels. Despite careful preoperative assessment, iliac artery injury can represent a challenging complication of thoracic endovascular aortic repair, particularly in the setting of inadequate iliac diameter, calcification and vessel tortuosity, or when large-caliber introducers are required. The hybrid approach we describe is a valid and effective solution to minimize blood loss and avoid major consequences in the management of iatrogenic iliac artery rupture during endovascular procedures.
Case Report: Lacosamide unmasking SCN5A-associated Brugada syndrome in a young female with epilepsy
Authors: Ying-Chi Shen, Jen-Chueh Wu, Ting-Tse Lin, Kai-Chung Chang, Jen-Jen Su, Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2024)
Keywords: brugada syndrome, scn5a, arrhythmia, epilepsy, lacosamide, seizure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Lacosamide is frequently used as a mono- or adjunctive therapy for the treatment of adults with epilepsy. Although lacosamide is known to act on both neuronal and cardiac sodium channels, potentially leading to cardiac arrhythmias, including Brugada syndrome (BrS), its adverse effects in individuals with genetic susceptibility are less understood.
Case:
We report a 33-year-old female with underlying epilepsy who presented to the emergency department with a four-day history of seizure clusters, and was initially treated with lacosamide therapy. During the intravenous lacosamide infusion, the patient developed sudden cardiac arrest caused by ventricular arrhythmias necessitating resuscitation. Of note, the patient had a family history of sudden cardiac death. Workup including routine laboratory results, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and coronary angiogram was non-specific. However, a characteristic type 1 Brugada ECG pattern was identified by ajmaline provocation testing; thus, confirming the diagnosis of BrS. Subsequently, the genotypic diagnosis was confirmed by Sanger sequencing, which revealed a heterozygous mutation (c.2893C>T, p.Arg965Cys) in the SCN5A gene. Eventually, the patient underwent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and was discharged with full neurological recovery.
Conclusion:
This case highlights a rare but lethal adverse event associated with lacosamide treatment in patients with genetic susceptibility. Further research is warranted to investigate the interactions between lacosamide and SCN5A variants.
Familial 46, XY Disorder of Sexual Development identified in a Ph+ BCR::ABL1P210+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia septuagenarian female with RCBTB2::LPAR6 fusion gene: a case report
Authors: Lingling Wang, Conglin Xi, Xinyu Zheng, Yongfen Huang, Hao Xu, Yuqing Miao, Yuexin Cheng
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: 46, bcr
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Familial 46, XY Disorder of Sexual Development (DSD) was discovered in a Ph+, BCR::ABL1P210+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) female with RCBTB2::LPAR6 fusion gene. Siblings developing 46, XY DSD are extremely rare. Patients with 46, XY DSD have much higher rates of gonadal cancers. Nevertheless, the incidence of hematologic malignancies in patients with DSDs has received little attention. RCBTB2::LPAR6 is a rarely reported fusion gene in ALL.
Case presentation:
Herein, we report a rare case of a newly diagnosed Ph+, BCR::ABL1P210+ ALL patient who was 77 years old and female by social sex. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing revealed TET2 and NF1 mutations in addition to a rarely reported RCBTB2::LPAR6 fusion gene and 17 other genes with uncertain clinical significance. The patient was surprisingly found to have a male karyotype. On ultrasound, neither the uterus nor the ovaries were discernible. A detailed family and marital history revealed that the patient had undergone surgery at an early age for an unexplained inguinal mass. She had slow pubertal development, scanty menstruation, and few overtly feminine characteristics. She had three marriages, but none succeeded in getting pregnant. The patient had never sought therapy for infertility due to the inaccessibility of medical treatment and a lack of medical knowledge. Her sister, 73 years old and female by social sex, who had amenorrhea in adolescence and was unable to conceive, had the same experience. To our surprise, she also had a male karyotype.
Conclusions:
Due to the absence of long-term social attention and follow-up, studies on the incidence of hematologic malignancies in patients with 46, XY DSD are incredibly uncommon. Siblings developing 46, XY DSD is extremely rare. We report the oldest patient diagnosed with 46, XY DSD. There have not yet been any reports of familial 46, XY DSD with a concurrent diagnosis of Ph+BCR::ABL1P210+ ALL with a rarely reported RCBTB2::LPAR6 fusion gene.