OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Mother-to-child transmission of congenital Chagas disease, Japan
Authors: Kazuo Imai, Takuya Maeda, Yusuke Sayama, Kei Mikita, Yuji Fujikura, Kazuhisa Misawa, Morichika Nagumo, Osamu Iwata, Takeshi Ono, Ichiro Kurane, Yasushi Miyahira, Akihiko Kawana, Sachio Miura
Journal: Emerg Infect Dis (2014)
Keywords: japan, trypanosoma cruzi, benznidazole, congenital chagas disease, megacolon, mother-to-child transmission, parasites
MeSH terms: Chagas Disease / transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Trypanosoma cruzi / classification, Trypanosoma cruzi / genetics, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adolescent, Chagas Disease / diagnosis, Chagas Disease / drug therapy, Humans, Japan, Male, Neglected Diseases, Nitroimidazoles / administration & dosage, Nitroimidazoles / therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, Trypanocidal Agents / administration & dosage, Trypanocidal Agents / therapeutic use, Nitroimidazoles, Trypanocidal Agents, benzonidazole

We report a patient with congenital Chagas disease in Japan. This report reemphasizes the role of neglected and emerging tropical diseases in the era of globalization. It also indicates the need for increased vigilance for detecting Chagas disease in non-disease-endemic countries.
Why should multiple dehiscences of the otic capsule be considered before surgically treating patients with superior semicircular canal dehiscence? A radiological monocentric review and a case series
Authors: Eugen C Ionescu, Pierre Reynard, Maxime Damien, Aicha Ltaief-Boudrigua, Ruben Hermann, Gerard J Gianoli, Hung Thai-Van
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: multiple otic capsule dehiscence, otic capsule dehiscence, otic capsule dehiscence syndrome, third mobile window lesions diagnosis, third window syndrome clinical-radiological correlations
MeSH terms: Review

This review aims to draw attention to the multiple ipsilateral otic capsule dehiscences (OCDs), which may cause therapeutic failure in operated patients. A series of six severely disabled patients with symptoms and signs consistent with a superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) diagnosis, confirmed by a high-resolution CT scan, is presented here. Five of the patients underwent surgery, and in four of the cases, the postoperative results were poor and/or disappointing. The ethical principles underlying modern medicine encourage medical staff to learn from past experience even when the results are modest despite the accuracy of the treatment applied to a patient. Consequently, we reviewed the radiological records of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients diagnosed or referred to our center for confirmation over the past 5 years to determine the incidence of multiple OCD in this population. Multiple localizations of suspected OCD in the ipsilateral ear did not appear to be rare and were found in 29 of 157 patients (18.47%) in our retrospective review using high-resolution thin-sliced CT scans. The decision to perform surgery for a documented symptomatic superior SSCD should be made with caution only after ruling out concomitant lesser-known variants of OCD in the ipsilateral ear.
Non-invasive magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound ablation of a vascular malformation in the lower extremity: a case report
Authors: Johanna M M van Breugel, Robbert J Nijenhuis, Mario G Ries, Raechel J Toorop, Evert-Jan P A Vonken, Joost W Wijlemans, Maurice A A J van den Bosch
Journal: J Ther Ultrasound (2015)
Keywords: arteriovenous malformation, clinical patient, mr-hifu, non-invasive treatment, vascular malformation

Introduction:
Therapy of choice for symptomatic vascular malformations consists of surgery, sclerotherapy, or embolization. However, these techniques are invasive with possible complications and require hospitalization. We present a novel non-invasive technique, i.e., magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) ablation, for the treatment of a vascular malformation in a patient. This technique applies high-intensity sound waves transcutaneously to the body and is fully non-invasive. MRI guidance is the novel aspect of HIFU treatments and is used for exquisite delineation and localization of the lesion and accurate real-time temperature monitoring during tissue ablation. MR-HIFU is a well-established treatment option for uterine fibroids and is currently being investigated for, e.g., bone tumors, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and liver cancer. MR-HIFU of vascular malformations has not been a topic of research yet.
Case description:
Volumetric MR-HIFU ablation of a vascular malformation in the lower extremity of an 18-year-old male patient was performed. Temperatures of 62-80 °C were reached in the target lesion with sonications of 4 × 4 × 8 mm using powers of 200 W for <20 s. At 1-month follow-up, the patient reported qualitatively sustained reduction of pain and normal motor function. Three-month follow-up imaging indicated successful nidus destruction, which resulted in reduction of >30 % of the tumor volume. After 13 months, pain score was reduced to <2 after extreme exertion for several hours and to 0 for daily activities.
Discussion and evaluation:
Radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation are minimally invasive techniques that have been tried on low-flow vascular malformations with inconsistent results. Furthermore, both techniques require probe insertion, which is associated with risks of wound infection and hospitalization. Since MR-HIFU is truly non-invasive, these risks are negligible.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, we reported a successful non-invasive treatment of a vascular malformation with MR-HIFU in a clinical patient including long-term follow-up data for the first time. The patient reported qualitatively sustained pain reduction up to 13 months post treatment.
Nipple Hibernoma in a Dog: A Case Report With Literature Review
Authors: Irina Amorim, Fatima Faria, Marian Taulescu, Cristina Taulescu, Fatima Gärtner
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2021)
Keywords: ucp1, brown adipose tissue, cancer, canine, hibernoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This report provides a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical description of an unusual hibernoma (pale cell variant) in the subepidermal area of the nipple of a six-year-old bitch. Furthermore, an extensive literature review of hibernomas in animals was made. Physical examination revealed a nodular lesion in the subepidermal area of the third nipple of the left mammary chain. The histopathological findings included lobules of round to oval cells with abundant pale to eosinophilic cytoplasm, containing one or multiple optically empty vacuoles, consistent with nipple hibernoma. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were negative for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and p53 but showed strong immunoreaction for vimentin and uncoupling protein-1, thus confirming the brown adipose tissue origin. Local recurrence was not detected after 18 months of follow-up. Hibernomas are rare and benign neoplastic lesions, originating from brown adipose tissue. Due to their histological and molecular resemblance with liposarcoma, a correct diagnosis of these neoplasms is required. In addition, the literature review suggests that hibernomas may present different features, according to species.
Retained Glass Fragment in the Cervical Spinal Canal in a Patient with Acute Transverse Myelitis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Simonas Jesmanas, Kristina Norvainytė, Rymantė Gleiznienė, Algirdas Mačionis
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 50-year-old male presented with a one-day history of right leg weakness, numbness, and urinary retention. Weakness was present for two weeks but worsened significantly during the last 24 hours. On the right there was sensory loss in the leg and below the Th8 dermatome. On the left there was sensory loss below the Th10 dermatome and distal loss of temperature sensation. Past medical history revealed a cervical trauma 30 years ago when a glass chip lodged into the left side of the neck. The patient did not seek medical attention after removing it himself. No neurological symptoms followed the incident. No cervical manipulation or other physical trauma occurred before current symptom onset. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed features consistent with myelitis at the level of C4-Th3. At the level of C6-C7, a T1 and T2 hypointense lesion was noted. On computed tomography, this lesion was hyperdense and occupied the spinal canal and the left intervertebral foramen. It was deemed to be a glass fragment. Surgical removal was withheld because the fragment was clinically silent for 30 years, the risk of surgical removal would outweigh the benefits and the patient did not prefer surgical treatment. Acute demyelinating transverse myelitis was diagnosed and treated with methylprednisolone. 10 months later MR features of myelitis resolved and the patient's neurological condition improved. Our case shows that foreign bodies in the cervical spinal canal can remain asymptomatic for up to 30 years. In the case of a long asymptomatic retention period the need for surgical removal of a foreign body must be carefully evaluated, taking into account the probability that a foreign body is the cause of current symptoms, risk of a foreign body causing damage in the future, risk of damage to the spinal cord during removal, and probability of therapeutic success.
Veillonella parvula periorbital cellulitis: an unusual pathogen causing a common clinical sign
Authors: Liesbeth Wellens, Ingele Casteels, Marc Huygens
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe the case of a one-year-old boy who presented at the emergency department with a sudden onset of fulminant edema of the right eyelid. He had been suffering from a varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection for 5 days. A secondary bacterial infection of varicella skin lesions was suspected. Computed tomography of the orbit revealed pronounced superficial soft tissue inflammation of the right periorbit, without intraorbital extension. There was a spontaneous rupture of the right upper eyelid and a culture of the released fluid grew the anaerobic organism Veillonella parvula. The patient was treated with clindamycin for 2 months and made a slow, yet full recovery.
Fatal pulmonary embolism following splenectomy in a patient with Evan's syndrome: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Varun Monga, Seth M Maliske, Usha Perepu
Journal: Thromb J (2017)
Keywords: case report, evan’s syndrome, reactive thrombocytosis, splenectomy, venous thromboembolism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Evans syndrome (ES) is a rare disease characterized by simultaneous or sequential development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with or without immune neutropenia. Splenectomy is one of the treatment options for disease refractory to medical therapy. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) following splenectomy for hematological diseases has an incidence of 10%.
Case presentation:
Here we describe a case report of a young patient hospitalized with severe hemolytic anemia with Hgb 4.8 g/dl. He developed thrombocytopenia with platelet nadir of 52,000/mm3, thus formally diagnosed with ES. He failed standard medical therapy. He underwent splenectomy and had a fatal outcome. Autopsy confirmed the cause of death as pulmonary embolism (PE).
Conclusions:
This case report and review of the literature highlight important aspects of the association between VTE, splenectomy, and hemolytic syndromes including the presence of thrombocytopenia. The burden of the disease is reviewed as well as various pathophysiologic mechanisms contributing to thromboembolic events in these patients and current perioperative prophylactic anticoagulation strategies. Despite an advancing body of literature increasing awareness of VTE following splenectomy, morbidity and mortality remains high. Identifying high risk individuals for thromboembolic complications from splenectomy remains a challenge. There are no consensus guidelines for proper perioperative and post-operative anti-coagulation. We encourage future research to determine which factors might be playing a role in increasing the risk for VTE in real time with hope of forming a consensus to guide management.
High-intensity focused ultrasound provides palliation for liver metastasis causing gastric outlet obstruction: case report
Authors: Michele Rossi, Claudio Raspanti, Ernesto Mazza, Ilario Menchi, Angelo Raffaele De Gaudio, Riccardo Naspetti
Journal: J Ther Ultrasound (2013)
Keywords: gastric outlet obstruction, high-intensity focused ultrasound, liver metastasis, metastatic disease, non-invasive debulking

Background:
Surgery is the standard of care in several oncologic diseases. However, when non-surgical candidates are not suitable for radical treatment, palliation must be achieved at least. High-intensity focused ultrasound uses ultrasound power that can be sharply focused for highly localised application, as it is a completely non-invasive procedure. Its non-invasiveness appears to be of paramount importance in critically ill patients.
Case description:
We describe the use of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound for a large liver metastasis from breast cancer causing gastric outlet obstruction in a metastatic disease. The left liver deposit did not allow the stomach to empty due to its large volume, and the patient was unable to eat properly. The tumour was metastatic, resistant to chemotherapy and had a size that contraindicated an ablation percutaneous technique. To improve the patient's quality of life, ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation seemed the only and most suitable option. Therefore, a high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment was performed, no complications occurred and the patient's general condition has improved since the early post-procedural period. Three months after treatment, two body mass index points were gained, and the lesion decreased by 72% in volume as detected through multi-detector computed tomography follow-up.
Discussion and conclusion:
Quality of life is an unquestionable goal to achieve, and palliation must be achieved while causing as little harm as possible. In this view, debulking surgery and percutaneous ablation technique seemed not appropriate for our patient. Instead, high-intensity focused ultrasound combined several advantages, no lesion size limit and a totally non-invasive treatment. Thus, this technique proved to be a clinically successful procedure, offering better disease control and quality of life. In circumstances where other alternatives clearly seem to fail or are contraindicated, high-intensity focused ultrasound can be used and can provide benefits. We recommend its use and development in several oncologic diseases, not only for therapeutic purposes but also for the improvement of patient's quality of life.
Pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm progression requiring completion pancreatectomy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Joshua T Cohen, Marsela Hyska-Campbell, Abigail L Alexander, Elizabeth Yiru Wu, Pranith N Perera, Rachel E Beard
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: case report, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm, pancreatic tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN) is a recently described rare tumor of the pancreas. Diagnostic approach and treatment are based on relatively few cases.
Presentation of case:
Here we report a case of a 68-year-old male presenting with an ampullary adenoma with high grade dysplasia who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and was incidentally found to have an ITPN at the pancreatic resection margin with areas of microinvasion throughout the resected specimen. He went on to rapidly develop an invasive adenocarcinoma arising in association with recurrent ITPN in the remnant pancreas requiring a completion total pancreatectomy.
Discussion:
Patients with ITPN present with non-specific symptoms and diagnosis can be challenging. Radiographic evaluation will reveal tumor ingrowth into the main pancreatic duct and distal duct dilatation without upstream dilation or mucinous engorgement. ITPNs are treated with formal resection given that determination of an invasive component can be difficult and the risk of malignant transformation. Following resection, recurrences are infrequent and 5-year survival is over 70 % even with microinvasion.
Conclusions:
ITPNs can follow a variable clinical course but hold the potential for malignant transformation. When ITPN is incidentally found at a pancreatic resection margin, we recommend completion resection due to the risk of local recurrence.
Infected omental cyst complicated with subacute intestinal obstruction and ileal erosion in a 2-year-old boy: a case report
Authors: Hock Chin Chong, Hazlina Mohd Khalid, Nur Atiqah Mohd Hanifah, Vebster Jaffrey, Naveena Thiyagaraja, Firdaus Hayati
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: ileal erosion, case report, intestinal obstruction, omental cyst
MeSH terms: Cysts / pathology, Intestinal Obstruction / diagnosis, Intestinal Obstruction / etiology, Intestinal Obstruction / surgery, Peritoneal Diseases / pathology, Case Reports, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Ileum / pathology, Male, Omentum / pathology

An omental cyst is a rare intraabdominal pathology that can cause acute abdomen and intestinal obstruction among children. A 2-year-old boy presented with fever, bilious vomiting, abdomen distension and loose stool of acute onset. The chest and abdominal radiographs showed right pleural effusion and prominent small bowels with thickening walls respectively. Ultrasonography revealed a gastrointestinal duplication cyst. An exploratory laparotomy was done and found a 5x5 cm infected omental cyst, severely adhered to and eroded into the ileum causing a small perforation. Omental cyst excision and ileal primary repair were done. The final diagnosis was a benign omental cyst. Omental cyst is usually asymptomatic; however, symptomatic omental cyst should be cautious for bleeding, intestinal obstruction, infection, torsion and rupture.
Investigating a case of recurrent pleural effusion
Authors: Patrícia Rodrigues, Maria Neves, João Pedro Ferreira, Miguel Araújo Abreu, Fernanda Almeida
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe the case of a patient with long-standing Parkinson's disease and recurrent bilateral pleural effusions. The pleural fluid was an exudate, rich in normal lymphocytes, and the echocardiogram, chest computerized axial tomography, and immunological, microbiological and cytological studies were negative. The patient had been taking bromocriptine, which can be related to chronic pleural effusions. Using Pubmed, we found about 40 cases of pleuropulmonary changes or constrictive pericarditis that were related to bromocriptine. We decided to suspend this drug, with resolution of the pleural effusion and respiratory complaints for more than a year now. We discuss possible underlining mechanisms for this and emphasize the importance of collecting the past medical history and medication and of considering possible iatrogenic effects.
Case report: Echocardiographic diagnosis of double orifice mitral valve in an asymptomatic woman
Authors: Zixian Deng, Xiaoyu Wang, Qiyun Liu, Jianghua Li, Huadong Liu
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: case report, congenital heart disease, diagnosis, double orifice mitral valve, echocardiography
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Double orifice mitral valve (DOMV) is a rare congenital anomaly that is often associated with cardiac malformation. Valve dysfunction usually presents in childhood; therefore, most cases are diagnosed with DOMV in childhood. Its prevalence and prognostic relevance in adulthood are unknown. Here, we report a case of a 38-year-old woman who presented to the outpatient clinic with an abnormal electrocardiogram and was found to have an isolated double orifice mitral valve malformation on transthoracic echocardiography. Echocardiography is the diagnostic tool of choice for patients with double orifice mitral valves. We should familiarize ourselves with the echocardiographic features of DOMV in order to improve the detection.
Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origin and Erythema Nodosum in a 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Lauren Mills, Melanie M Randall
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a disease caused by Coccidioides species, fungi endemic to the southwestern United States. We present here an uncommon case of a young child with erythema nodosum and fever of unknown origin, found to have the infection. While more common in adults, coccidioidomycosis should be considered in all patients with erythema nodosum.
Hip arthroplasty fatality related to dabigatran induced gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Authors: A Carter, P Sarda, M George, S Corbett
Journal: Ann R Coll Surg Engl (2014)
MeSH terms: Antithrombins / adverse effects, Benzimidazoles / adverse effects, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / chemically induced, Pyridines / adverse effects, Case Reports, Aged, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Dabigatran, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Venous Thromboembolism / prevention & control, Antithrombins, Benzimidazoles, Pyridines, Dabigatran

We report a fatality due to massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage in a patient receiving prophylactic dabigatran etexilate following a total hip replacement. A 79-year-old woman was commenced on dabigatran for venous thromboembolic prophylaxis following a total hip replacement. She presented again four days after surgery with haematemesis and hypotension but her coagulopathy could not be corrected, leading to her death. This case highlights the lack of reversal agent for dabigatran etexilate that resulted in this fatal complication.
Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in Fontan-associated chronic liver disease. The first case report
Authors: Roberta Angelico, Veronica Lisignoli, Lidia Monti, Rosanna Pariante, Chiara Grimaldi, Maria Cristina Saffioti, Maria Giulia Gagliardi, Marco Spada
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: chronic liver disease, fontane procedure, hepatocellular carcinoma, laparoscopic surgery, liver resection, new technology

Introduction:
A well-recognized long-term complication after Fontan procedure (FP), a complex cardiac surgery performed in patients with univentricular hearts, is the development of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Due to the risk of cardiac and liver decompensation, liver resection of HCC is challenging and the laparoscopic approach has never been reported.
Presentation of the case:
We present the first case of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of HCC in a 33-years-old girl with cardiac-related cirrhosis after FP. Intraoperatively, the pneumoperitoneum was established at 8-10 mmHg and adequate fluid infusion was given to maintain the cardiac preload. After an ultrasound-guided thermoablation along the free-tumor margin of the hepatic lesion, a full laparoscopic non-anatomical resection of the tumor in segment V was performed, without Pringle manouver and blood transfusion requirement. The cardiac function remained stable during the surgery and thereafter, and the post-operative course was uneventful.
Discussion:
HCC in chronic liver disease after FP is associated with high-risk mortality. Due to the complex hemodynamic changes after FP, open surgical resections often aren't feasible and loco-regional percutaneous treatment or combined liver-heart transplantation are the only therapeutic options. This case suggests that LLR in FP patients has low-risk of liver and cardiac decompensation, minimizing the pneumoperitoneum insufflation to ensure low intra-abdominal/intra-thoracic pressures and providing accurate anaesthetic management to maintain proper cardiac preload and output.
Conclusion:
LLR for HCC after FP is safe and feasible, and might be considered an alternative treatment of HCC for which the best treatment has not been defined yet.