OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Co-infection and co-localization of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus in HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma: a case report
Authors: Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, Stepfanie Siyumbwa, Jane Musumali, For Yue Tso, Owen Ngalamika, Trevor Kaile, Fred Maate, Phyllis Moonga, John T West, Peter Angeletti, Charles Wood
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2023)
Keywords: epstein-barr virus, hiv, kaposi sarcoma, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, zambia, co-infection, co-localization
MeSH terms: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications, Coinfection / complications, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / complications, Herpesviridae Infections, Herpesvirus 8, Human / genetics, Sarcoma, Kaposi / complications, Sarcoma, Kaposi / epidemiology, Case Reports, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Humans

Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a multifocal vascular neoplasm frequently observed in HIV-positive individuals, primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, visceral organs, and lymph nodes. KS is associated primarily with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of co-infection and co-localization of KSHV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in KS arising from the conjunctiva, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) were utilized to demonstrate the presence of KSHV and EBV infection in the ocular KS lesion. Nearly all KSHV-positive cells displayed co-infection with EBV. In addition, the KS lesion revealed co-localization of KSHV Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) and EBV Epstein Barr virus Nuclear Antigen-1 (EBNA1) by multi-colored immunofluorescence staining with different anti-EBNA1 antibodies, indicating the possibility of interactions between these two gamma herpesviruses within the same lesion. Additional study is needed to determine whether EBV co-infection in KS is a common or an opportunistic event that might contribute to KS development and progression.
A hepatic sparganosis misdiagnosed as intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yinjiao Wang, Yu Lou, Lang Chen, Xin Yang, Aihong Cao, Peng Du
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: taenia mansoni, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic sparganosis, intrahepatic, tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hepatic sparganosis (HS) is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in Eastern China. We report the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with HS from Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. The patient was admitted due to an acute biliary tract infection, and the symptoms improved after treatment at the Gastroenterology Department. During an ultrasound examination on admission, an abnormal echo was incidentally discovered at the junction of the left and right lobes of the liver. Thereafter, upper abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) non-contrast and contrast-enhanced examinations, and serum tumor biomarker examination were completed. After a multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) discussion at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the patient was diagnosed with intrahepatic mass-type cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) and surgery was recommended. The patient underwent surgical treatment, and postoperative pathology revealed HS. No signs of intrahepatic recurrence were observed during the 1-year follow-up period.
Case report: Surgical management of a rare right coronary artery fistula with a giant pseudoaneurysm compressing the pulmonary vein in a young patient
Authors: Weijie Tang, Kun Xiang, Huatao Zhou, Yichen Li, Jinfu Yang, Jijia Liu, Chengming Fan
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: cardiac surgery, coronary artery fistula, pseudoaneurysm, pulmonary vein, reconstruction
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) represents a remarkable rarity within the realm of cardiovascular anomalies, characterized by an aberrant connection between coronary arteries and either cardiac chambers or major vessels. Clinical manifestations of CAFs often remain unspecified or may even be entirely absent, posing diagnostic challenges. Notably, patients harboring substantial CAFs may exhibit symptoms such as palpitations, chest tightness, and dyspnea. Although right-sided congenital CAFs are relatively prevalent, the occurrence of a CAF accompanied by a colossal pseudoaneurysm imposing compression upon the pulmonary vein is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. This exceptional case report delineates a singular fistula originating from the right coronary artery, extending its course to the right atrium, and remarkably featuring a substantial pseudoaneurysm exerting compression upon the right superior pulmonary vein. Therapeutic intervention encompassed surgical closure of the proximal artery and excision of the pseudoaneurysm, underscoring the complexity and criticality of managing such intricate cardiac anomalies to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Case report: Individualized 3D-printed uncemented distal fibular prosthesis preserving the lateral malleolus for repair of distal fibular defects
Authors: Mengzhang Xie, Taojun Gong, Yitian Wang, Zhuangzhuang Li, Yuqi Zhang, Minxun Lu, Yi Luo, Li Min, Chongqi Tu, Yong Zhou
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: 3d-printed prosthesis, alveolar soft-part sarcoma, anlotinib, distal fibula, reconstruction, surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Involvement of the distal fibula by alveolar soft-part sarcoma is rare. Extensive resection or amputation may be needed; however, distal fibula resection can disrupt foot and ankle biomechanics, leading to ankle joint instability. Reports on joint preservation for maintaining optimal ankle joint function are scarce. Computer-aided design and individualized three-dimensional (3D)-printed uncemented implants represent an evolving solution for reconstructing the distal fibula.
Case presentation:
A 34-year-old woman was diagnosed with alveolar soft-part sarcoma in the right lower leg involving the cortical bone of the fibula. After anlotinib treatment, the tumor size decreased, and the tumor response rate was a partial response (PR); however, the patient continued to experience adverse reactions. With multiple disciplinary team discussions, surgical resection was deemed appropriate. Due to the extensive defect and ankle joint instability after resection, a custom-made 3D-printed prosthesis was designed and fabricated to reconstruct the defect, preserving the lateral malleolus. During the follow-up, the patient achieved favorable ankle function, and no prosthesis-related complications were observed.
Conclusion:
3D-printed personalized uncemented implants constitute a novel approach and method for addressing the reconstruction issues of the distal fibula and ankle joint. Through the personalized design of 3D-printed prostheses, the lateral malleolus can be preserved, ensuring the normal anatomical structure of the ankle joint. They achieve a well-integrated interface between the prosthesis and bone, ensuring satisfactory postoperative function. Additionally, they offer valuable insights for reconstructing distal bone defects near joints in the extremities. However, confirming these findings requires extensive cohort studies.
A rare case of scrotal emergency: torsion of epididymal cyst-a case report and literature review
Authors: Yu Wang, Kai Wang, Longdi Yu, Xue Ma
Journal: Front Pediatr (2024)
Keywords: conservative treatment, epididymal cyst, scrotal exploration, scrotum emergency, torsion, ultrasonic examination
MeSH terms: Case Reports

As a benign disease, the incidence of epididymal cyst (EC) is 5%-25%, and it is relatively common in adults but rare in children. Although the pathogenesis of EC is still unclear, the symptoms of most asymptomatic patients can disappear with conservative treatment. EC torsion is even rarer in adults and children. Only ten cases have been reported in the literature, and we add this 3-year-old boy as the eleventh case of EC torsion. He was admitted to the hospital due to scrotum emergency without a history of EC or recent scrotal trauma. The ultrasonic examination revealed signs of an epididymal cyst. However, the pain and swelling of his scrotum were very similar to those of patients with testicular torsion, so we performed surgery on him. Therefore, EC torsion is very necessary to attract our attention as a differential diagnosis of testicular torsion in scrotal emergencies. Furthermore, our case is also the second youngest case of EC torsion.
Novel BTK Mutation in Patient with Late Diagnosis of X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Amanpreet Kalkat, Olivia Humpel, Robert Hostoffer
Journal: Case Reports Immunol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a genetic disorder with mutation in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Defects in B cell development and immunoglobulin production lead to recurrent infections following loss of maternal IgG at 6 months of age. A 55-year-old male with a longstanding common variable immunodeficiency diagnosis on infusion therapy presented to the clinic with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, which inspired overall repeat evaluation. Immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte markers, family history, and genetic testing prompted a true diagnosis of XLA and novel mutation in the BTK gene. Disease-associated mutations have been noted in all five domains of BTK, with missense variants most commonly cited among the 100s of reported genetic alterations. The BTK protein is expressed in hematopoietic lineages and plasma cells, with the exception of T lymphocytes. Disruption in the protein function or absence of BTK halts normal B cell development at the pre-B transitional cell stage and induces premature apoptosis. We present the first reported case of a novel hemizygous BTK c.1492C > G mutation in a patient causing XLA.
Pseudohypoaldosteronism Type II or Gordon Syndrome: A Rare Syndrome of Hyperkalemia and Hypertension With Normal Renal Function
Authors: Fnu Manas, Sneha Singh
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: gordon syndrome, hyperkalemia, hypertension, metabolic acidosis, normal renal function, pseudohypoaldosteronism, thiazide diuretics, thiazide-sensitive na-cl cotransporter
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHA II) or Gordon syndrome is characterized by hyperkalemia, hypertension, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, low plasma renin activity, and normal kidney function. We report a rare case of a young adult female patient presenting with abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. She was hypertensive during the presentation. Blood work showed mild anemia, hyperkalemia, hyperchloremia, and metabolic acidosis, with normal renal function and liver function. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels were low-normal. These findings were suggestive of PHA II or Gordon syndrome. It is a rare familial disease, with a non-specific presentation and no specific diagnostic criteria, and physicians should suspect it in patients with hyperkalemia in the setting of normal glomerular filtration, along with hypertension (which can be absent), metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia, low plasma renin activity, and relatively suppressed aldosterone.
Isolation and identification of Wickerhamiella tropicalis from blood culture by MALDI-MS
Authors: Satomi Takei, Kanae Teramoto, Junya Fujimura, Megumi Fujiwara, Mai Suzuki, Yukiko Fukui, Yuji Sekiguchi, Takaaki Kawakami, Masayoshi Chonan, Mitsuru Wakita, Yuki Horiuchi, Takashi Miida, Toshio Naito, Teruo Kirikae, Tatsuya Tada, Yoko Tabe
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2024)
Keywords: maldi-ms, wickerhamiella tropicalis, blood culture, whole-genome, yeast
MeSH terms: Antifungal Agents / pharmacology, Saccharomycetales, Case Reports, Blood Culture, Candida, Child, Female, Humans, Micafungin, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Antifungal Agents, Micafungin

Wickerhamiella is a genus of budding yeast that is mainly isolated from environmental samples, and 40 species have been detected. The yeast isolated from human clinical samples usually only contain three species: W. infanticola, W. pararugosa and W. sorbophila. In this study, we isolated W. tropicalis from a blood sample of a six-year-old female with a history of B-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia in Japan in 2022. Though the strain was morphologically identified as Candida species by routine microbiological examinations, it was subsequently identified as W. tropicalis by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The isolate had amino acid substitutions in ERG11 and FKS1 associated with azole and echinocandin resistance, respectively, in Candida species and showed intermediate-resistant to fluconazole and micafungin. The patient was successfully treated with micafungin. Furthermore, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) detected three novel peaks that are specific for W. tropicalis, indicating that MALDI-MS analysis is useful for rapid detection of Wickerhamiella species in routine microbiological examinations.
A Ring for a Ring Finger: A Case Report on Finger Prosthesis
Authors: Sharayu Nimonkar, Vikram Belkhode, Pranali Nimonkar, Shreyas Gotoorkar
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: amputation, copper ring, esthetics, finger prosthesis, silicone prosthesis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The primary use of the hand is to grasp, hold, and manipulate objects. Perhaps the most obvious kind of non-verbal communication is the hand gesture. The most common types of partial hand loss are finger and partial finger amputations. Traumatic injuries, congenital absences, or abnormalities are frequent causes, and they create significant treatment issues. In addition to the acute loss of grab power, the disappearance of fingers may result in significant psychological harm. People who want their fingers replaced frequently have high expectations for how a prosthesis will look. This clinical report illustrates an easy way to keep an acrylic finger prosthetic in place.
Glanzmann Thrombasthenia Associated with Siderotic Synovitis and Arthropathy: A Case Report
Authors: Mouhammad J Alawad, Mohammad Abu-Tineh, Awni Alshurafa, Alaa Al-Taie, Anil Yousaf, Mohamed A Yassin
Journal: J Blood Med (2023)
Keywords: glanzmann thrombasthenia, hemarthrosis, synovitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a bleeding disorder with a low incidence. It typically manifests as superficial bleeding episodes, which tend to be mild. Deep organ involvement is not uncommon but remains rare due to the rarity of the disease itself and the unusual association between platelet disorders and deep organ implications. A 17-year-old boy with Glanzmann thrombasthenia since infancy developed ankle pain after a minor trauma. His initial workup was negative, but he continued to experience ankle pain. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) done after four weeks suggested siderotic synovitis. The patient was lost to follow-up after that and returned after two years with recurrent left ankle pain. Imaging and studies have shown evidence of chronic arthropathy. A specialized orthopedic team assessed the patient. The patient underwent intra-articular steroid injection for pain relief and was referred to continue physical therapy. In conclusion, hemarthrosis is more common in hemophilia than in platelet disorders and has potential morbidity and quality-of-life implications.
Synchronous Pelvic Schwannoma With Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Rare Case and Pathology Review
Authors: Hagar Attia, John O Agboola, Gyuhee Seong, Aye Thida, Edwin Chiu, Maksim Agaronov
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: immunohistochemistry (ihc), oncology, pelvic schwannoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, surgical pathology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Schwannomas are benign tumors arising from well-differentiated Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. They are usually found on the limbs, head, and neck. It is uncommon for schwannoma to occur in the pelvis and when it does, it is often diagnosed late. Pelvic schwannoma when diagnosed are often bigger in size (>5 cm) and may present with local symptoms such as constipation and bladder outlet obstruction. We hereby present a patient with concurrent metastatic prostate carcinoma and pelvic schwannoma. The patient is a 57-year-old man initially diagnosed with prostate cancer and was lost to follow-up. One year later, he presented with metastatic prostate disease and bladder outlet obstruction. Further evaluation revealed a concurrent pelvic mass that was increasing in size. The biopsy of this mass was suggestive of schwannoma. It was decided at the multidisciplinary tumor board conference to offer treatment for his metastatic prostate disease and observe the schwannoma. His obstructive symptoms worsened in the face of clinical evidence of regression of his prostatic disease, and it was decided to resect the pelvic mass. The surgery revealed a huge soft tissue mass within the pelvis that was adherent to the bladder, prostate, and rectum. Morphology and immunohistochemistry studies of the pelvic mass confirmed the diagnosis of ancient schwannoma. We hereby highlight the clinical importance of this presentation and the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma involved in the management of this patient who presented with two pathologic conditions causing similar symptoms but of different prognostic and therapeutic significance.
Ipsilateral renal dysgenesis or agenesis with tubulocystic anomalies of the mesonephric duct
Authors: Anagha R Joshi, Mridula M Muthe, Sheethal Gonapati, Mehak R Agarwal, Pareekshith R Rai
Journal: SA J Radiol (2023)
Keywords: ectopic insertion, mesonephric duct, renal agenesis, renal dysgenesis, tubulocystic anomaly
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tubulocystic anomalies of the mesonephric duct (MND) are a rare group of related entities with a perplexing clinical presentation. Ultrasound is a useful screening investigation, which can help identify a dysplastic kidney or point to renal agenesis and identify cystic or tubulocystic changes in the structures derived from the ureteric bud or MND. Further evaluation with MRI can help in characterisation and direct management. The presence of a dysplastic kidney or absence of a kidney should prompt further evaluation for associated ureteric abnormalities such as ectopic insertion or ureterocoele, which could lead to a diagnosis of tubulocystic anomaly of the MND.
Contribution:
The authors describe two cases, briefly outline the diagnostic approach and summarise the literature on management. Reporting radiologists should be aware of these entities.
Graves' disease with pancytopenia: A rare case report
Authors: Neda Meftah, Sadegh Sedaghat, Soghra Rabizadeh, Sara Seifouri, Khatereh Nasirimeh, Manouchehr Nakhjavani
Journal: Clin Case Rep (2024)
Keywords: graves' disease, case report, pancytopenia, thyrotoxicosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Key clinical message:
In this case report we describe a patient with Grave's disease (GD) who was first diagnosed with pancytopenia and did not have any typical symptoms of GD. His hematologic abnormalities were alleviated after treatment with an anti-thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia, GD should also be considered.
Abstract:
A variety of hematologic abnormalities can be seen in Graves' disease (GD), however; here, we describe a patient with GD and a very rare complication; pancytopenia. His hematologic abnormalities and clinical status were alleviated after treatment with an anti-thyroid drug. Hence, in patients with pancytopenia and normal bone marrow examination, GD should also be considered.
Is oligoprogression a potentially curable disease in epidermal growth factor receptor mutant lung adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Sviatoslav Chekhun, Assumpció Lopez-Paradís, Aintzane Urbizu, Teresa Morán, Anabel Mañes, Marc Cucurull, Carlos Martínez-Barenys, Iris Teruel, Gloria Moragas, Enric Carcereny, Ana Maria Muñoz Mármol, Maria Saigí
Journal: Explor Target Antitumor Ther (2023)
Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, epidermal growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, oligoprogression, targeted therapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown impressive results in EGFR mutant lung cancer (LC) patients in terms of disease control rate with a positive impact on overall survival. Nevertheless, after months of treatment with targeted therapy, progression inevitably occurs. Some patients develop oligoprogression and local treatment is required for optimal disease control while maintaining EGFR-TKIs. This work features a clinical case of a patient harboring an EGFR mutant LC undergoing oligoprogression to EGFR-TKIs, first into the brain and afterward to the primary tumor, requiring local ablative strategies, including primary tumor resection three years after the start of osimertinib. Currently, the patient is still alive and continues with a complete response upon EGFR-TKIs maintenance. Hence, oligoprogression, even in driven oncogenic tumors, represents a distinct biological entity and potential curative disease that deserves particular consideration in multidisciplinary tumor boards. In this case, tumor primary resection after three years of the initial diagnosis represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of EGFR mutant patients.
A Difficult Case of Calcineurin Inhibitor Neurotoxicity Post-Haploidentical HCT With a Successful Novel Solution: Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4-Immunoglobulin Blockade for GVHD Prophylaxis
Authors: Kaitlyn Dykes, Dimitrios Tzachanis, Divya Koura
Journal: Cell Transplant (2024)
Keywords: t cells, bone marrow, cancer, graft versus host disease, oncology
MeSH terms: Calcineurin Inhibitors / adverse effects, Calcineurin Inhibitors / therapeutic use, Graft vs Host Disease / prevention & control, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / methods, Case Reports, Abatacept / therapeutic use, Adult, Female, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects, Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Calcineurin Inhibitors, Abatacept, Immunosuppressive Agents

Post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) immunosuppression regimens are given as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Most GVHD prophylaxis regimens are based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). Unfortunately, CNIs are associated with significant associated morbidity, frequently cannot be tolerated, and often need to be discontinued. There is no consensus as to which alternative immunosuppression should be used in cases where CNIs have to be permanently discontinued. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4-immunoglobulin (CTLA4-Ig) blocking agents are well tolerated and have been used extensively in patients with autoimmune disease and as post-transplant immunosuppression. There are two CTLA4-Ig agents: belatacept and abatacept. Belatacept is routinely used in adult kidney transplantation to prevent rejection and abatacept has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for GVHD prophylaxis in patients undergoing a matched or one allele-mismatched unrelated allogenic HCT. Herein, we describe a case in which abatacept was given off-label to replace tacrolimus GVHD prophylaxis in a patient with neurotoxicity undergoing haploidentical HCT. This case suggests that CTLA4-Ig blockade may be a good alternative to a CNI in cases where the CNI needs to be discontinued and warrants further investigation.