OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Microcoil Localization of a Small, Totally Endophytic Renal Mass for Nephron-Sparing Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tianhao Su, Zhiyuan Zhang, Meishan Zhao, Gangyue Hao, Ye Tian, Long Jin
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: computed tomography, endophytic renal mass, microcoil, partial nephrectomy, preoperative localization
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Small, totally endophytic renal masses present a technical challenge for surgical extirpation due to poor identifiability during surgery. The method for the precise localization of totally endophytic tumours before nephron-sparing surgery could be optimized. An asymptomatic 70-year-old male presented with a right-sided, 16-mm, totally endophytic renal mass on computed tomography (CT). CT-guided percutaneous microcoil localization was carried out prior to laparoscopy to provide a direction for partial nephrectomy. During the 25 minutes of the localization procedure, the patient underwent five local CT scans, and his cumulative effective radiation dosage was 5.1 mSv. The span between localization and the start of the operation was 15 hours. The laparoscopic operation time was 105 minutes, and the ischaemia time was 25 minutes. The postoperative recovery was smooth, and no perioperative complications occurred. Pathology showed the mass to be renal clear cell carcinoma, WHO/ISUP grade 2, with a 2-mm, clear surgical margin. The patient remained free of recurrence on follow-up for eleven months. To our knowledge, this application of microcoil implantation prior to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy towards an intrarenal mass could be an early reported attempt for the localized method applied in renal surgery. The percutaneous microcoil localization of endophytic renal tumours is potentially safe and effective prior to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Cloaca-Like Anomalies in the Male: A Report on Two Cases
Authors: Amr AbdelHamid AbouZeid, Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad, Marco Rady Sos, Nader Nassef Guirguis, Heba A Mahmoud, Manal El-Mahdy
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2022)
Keywords: urorectal septum, urorectal septum malformation sequence, anorectal malformation, cloacal variant, penoscrotal transposition
MeSH terms: Case Reports

"Cloaca" is a term used to describe an anomaly in the female where a single orifice is located in the perineum draining both urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts. Few reports used the same term "cloaca" to describe the counterpart anomaly in the male. We present two "male" cases of anorectal anomalies associated with significant penile deformity (caudally displaced penis) that were managed during the period between January 2010 and September 2021. Characteristically, both cases had a single "central" perineal orifice. The latter was located anterior to the predestined site of the normal anus and just beneath a caudally positioned hypospadiac phallus. The caudal displacement of the penis was strikingly obvious by the presence of severe form of penoscrotal transposition. Both cases were associated with a perineal swelling (hamartoma) just beside the central perineal orifice. The urethra was very short (like that in the female), besides the single perineal orifice, which makes the presentation very similar to cloacal anomalies.
Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis: a case report
Authors: Imane El Mezouar, Fatema Zahra Abourazzak, Samia Mansouri, Taoufik Harzy
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2014)
Keywords: septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, pubic symphysis
MeSH terms: Arthritis, Infectious / diagnosis, Pubic Symphysis / microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adolescent, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Arthritis, Infectious / drug therapy, Arthritis, Infectious / microbiology, Floxacillin / therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy, Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Floxacillin

Septic arthritis of the pubic symphysis, so called osteomyelitis pubis is the infection which involves pubic symphysis and its joint. It is a rare condition, representing less than one percent of all cases of osteomyelitis. It affects most frequently young athletes and women undergoing gynecologic or urologic surgery. It presents itself with fever and pubic pain which irradiates to the genitals and increases when hip is mobilized, and this fact produces gait claudication. Diagnosis is based on clinic supported by microbiologic culture results, image methods, and proteins augment during acute phase. The etiologic agents most commonly found are Staphylococcus aureus, followed by gram-negative bacilli, and polymicrobial infection in recent pelvis surgery. The antibiotic treatment is adjusted depending on the microbiological diagnosis, adding NSAIDs, and bed rest. We report a 16 year-old male presenting with pubic pain and fever. Magnetic resonance imagery showed arthritis of the pubic symphysis. The patient was treated with antibiotics with a good clinical response.
A Case of Suspected Adverse Reactions to Sirolimus in the Treatment of Generalized Lymphatic Anomaly
Authors: Takayuki Fujii, Ryuichi Shimono, Aya Tanaka, Hiroto Katami
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA) is characterized by diffuse or multicentric proliferation of dilated lymphatic vessels resembling common lymphatic malformation, and thoracic lesions can be related to a poor prognosis. Sirolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, is effective against vascular anomalies with few severe adverse drug reactions. Here, we report the case of a patient with intractable hemothorax pleural effusion due to GLA who was treated with sirolimus and experienced disseminated intravascular coagulation. Although a standard treatment for GLA has not been established, pleural fluid might be reduced using the Kampo medicine Eppikajyutsuto.
Conservative management of delayed presentation of intraperitoneal bladder rupture following caesarean delivery: A case report
Authors: Ismaeel Aghaways, Rawa Bapir, Tahir A Hawrami, Nishtman M Thahir, Mohammed Abed Al Kadum Hassan, Karzan Mohammed Salih Hassan
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: case report, cesarean delivery, conservative management, pseudo azotemia, urinary bladder rupture

Introduction:
Bladder injury is an uncommon complication of cesarean delivery (CD) with an incidence ranging from 0.0016% to 0.94%. The risk factors are emergency CDs, subsequent CDs, trial of normal delivery after CD and whether adhesions are present or not. The presentation is either immediate intraoperative event or delayed bladder rupture and urinary ascites.
Case presentation:
A 35-year-old female presented with considerable abdominal distension, shortness of breath, oliguria, straining to void and elevated levels of blood urea and serum creatinine 11 days after an uneventful Caesarean delivery. Abdominal ultrasound showed marked ascites. Immediate resuscitation was done, a urethral catheter and percutaneous intraperitoneal pigtail catheter were inserted confirming urinary ascites. Next day cystoscopy was performed and revealed a perforation at the posterior wall of the bladder. She was kept on conservative treatment with adequate urine diversion through both urethral and intraperitoneal catheter. Her condition improved and responded well.
Discussion:
To the best of our knowledge this presentation of delayed intraperitoneal bladder rupture post CD is the second case reported in literature. Although surgical repair is regarded as the treatment of choice for intraperitoneal bladder injury, conservative treatment may succeed in properly selected cases. Non-operative managements include indwelling transurethral Foley catheter alone, percutaneous peritoneal drain alone or combined Foley catheter and percutaneous peritoneal drain for complete urinary drainage.
Conclusion:
Delayed urinary bladder rupture is a very rare complication of cesarean delivery. Non-operative treatment can be a viable alternative to surgical repair in carefully selected patients.
Case report: A case of ocular infection caused by Corynespora cassiicola
Authors: Qin Wang, Lu Wang, Lisha Lian, Xiaofeng Pu, Lu Tang, Yanmei Li, Yuan Liu
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2023)
Keywords: corynespora cassiicola, drug sensitivities, morphology, ocular infection, pseudospores
MeSH terms: Ascomycota / genetics, Eye Infections, Case Reports, Amphotericin B / pharmacology, Humans, Phylogeny, Amphotericin B, Corynespora cassiicola

Objective:
The aim of this study is to identify the pathogen causing ocular infection in a Chinese patient and to describe its morphological characteristics.
Methods:
Samples from the patient's intraoperative pus were collected for microscopic examination and culture. Morphology and drug sensitivities of the isolated fungus were analyzed. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing was performed and blasted in GenBank.
Results:
A strain of fungi was repeatedly isolated from pus samples in different types of medium. No conidia were shown when the isolate cultured on normal PDA medium, whereas pseudoseptate thick-walled conidia were shown when cultured on medium containing leaf leachate. The results of BLAST and phylogenetic trees based on internal transcribed spacer, beta-tubulin, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and RNA polymerase II gene demonstrated that the isolated fungus was Corynespora cassiicola. Minimum inhibitory concentration results of this organism were as follows: anidulafungin, 0.06 μg/ml; amphotericin B, 0.12 μg/ml; micafungin, 0.06 μg/ml; caspofungin, 0.5 μg/ml; 5-fluorocytosine, >64 μg/ml; posaconazole, 2 μg/ml; voriconazole, 0.25 μg/ml; itraconazole, 0.5 μg/ml; fluconazole, 64 μg/ml.
Conclusion:
The case was infected with Corynespora cassiicola and led to eye suppurative endophthalmitis and blindness. Combined applications of morphological and molecular biology techniques facilitate accurate diagnosis of fungal infections.
Can aura migraine be elicited by isolated pulmonary arteriovenous fistula?-A case report
Authors: Eustaquio Maria Onorato, Josephal Salvia, Mariano Becchina, Tommaso Cipolla, Gian Paolo Anzola
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: transcranial doppler, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, migraine aura, patent foramen ovale, pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, right-to-left shunt
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVM) is an abnormal blood vessel that creates a direct connection between a pulmonary artery and its tributary vein bypassing capillary filter, establishing as a consequence of a low-resistance right-to-left shunting (RLS). The vast majority of PAVMs are congenital appearing more often in females than in males. A great number of patients with PAVMs is suffering concurrently from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) whose incidence is around 1 in 5,000. Very few cases of acquired PAVMs have been described in the literature. Paradoxical embolism through PAVMs can cause systemic desaturation, cyanosis, and serious cerebrovascular ischemic events (transient ischemic attacks, strokes, and intracranial abscess), even when the abnormal blood vessel is small (diameter <3 mm). Notably, it has been reported a high prevalence of aura migraine (MHA) symptoms in patients with PAVMs and concomitant HHT. We described in this study the case of a young aura migraineur female patient without HHT in whom isolated PAVM below the detection limit of pulmonary angiography and chest computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been documented by contrast Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography (cTTE/TEE) showing a delayed (>17 s) RLS coming from left pulmonary veins to left atrium while a patent foramen ovale (PFO), small atrial septal defects or septum primum fenestration could not be detected despite several attempts. Contrast Transcranial Doppler (cTCD) confirmed a delayed (>16 s) RLS with two short "shower" patterns corroborating the diagnosis of an extra-cardiac RLS. During the right heart catheterization and pulmonary angiography, it was impossible to cross the interatrial septum with a multipurpose catheter. The patient was finally discharged with off-label thienopyridine agents (clopidogrel 75 mg die) in terms of primary prophylaxis for paradoxical right-to-left embolization of thrombotic material ultimately. Aura migraine symptoms were nearly abolished by P2Y12 platelet inhibition, suggesting a platelet-based mechanism. During 2 years of clinical follow-up on thienopyridine therapy, the resolution of aura migraine episodes was definitively accomplished with significant improvement in her quality of life.
Chronic oral mucocutaneous candidiasis, recurrent respiratory infection, hepatosplenomegaly, and autoimmune diabetes mellitus: A case report of a gain-of-function mutation of STAT1 in a Chinese boy
Authors: Bingyan Cao, Meijuan Liu, Yun Zhao, Chunxiu Gong
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: stat1, case report, chronic mucosal candidiasis, diabetes mellitus, gain-of-function
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) mutations are characterized by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and autoimmune diseases. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the well-characterized autoimmune conditions.
Case presentation:
We reported a 5-year-old boy who presented with polydipsia and polyuria, with a medical history of chronic oral mucocutaneous candidiasis, recurrent respiratory infection, hepatosplenomegaly, and abnormal liver function. Genetic analysis identified a heterozygous GOF mutation (c.866A > G, p.Y289C) in STAT1.
Results:
Various medicines were given to the boy during the follow-up, including insulin to keep blood glucose stable, intravenous immunoglobulin and antifungal agents for recurrent infections, and antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin) to combat tuberculosis infection. He did not show recurrent infection, but chronic oral mucocutaneous candidiasis still occurred twice per month. The blood glucose level was well controlled.
Conclusion:
This article illustrates that early diagnosis and identification of STAT1 mutation are essential for assessing the severity of the disease and determining reasonable treatment options.
Heterotopic Ossification in a Newborn: A Case Report
Authors: Khalid Murrad, Alohali Rand, Jarman Abdulaziz, Mohamed Amir Mrad
Journal: Eplasty (2016)
Keywords: congenital, hand, heterotopic, newborn, ossification
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: Heterotopic ossification is defined as the formation of trabecular bone that forms outside the normal sites of the skeletal structure, materializing in soft tissue where it does not usually exist. Methods/Case Report: This is a case report of a 27-day-old baby with a diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome who developed heterotopic ossification on the dorsum of his right hand. Discussion: Heterotopic ossification in the pediatric population is a rare finding. Very few cases were published in the literature, and we find it important to increase the knowledge on such cases and discuss possible causes with the treatment used with our patient. Results: General treatments of heterotopic ossification include ruling out superimposed infection, physiotherapy to prevent joint involvement, warm compressors during the active phase of development of heterotopic ossification. If the swelling persists to the point that it interferes significantly with the functional capacity of the patient or becomes a cosmetic concern, the only treatment option remaining would be surgery.
Inpatient medical management of severe pediatric obesity: Literature review and case reports
Authors: Victoria E Goldman, Juan C Espinoza, Alaina P Vidmar
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: case report, inpatient hospitalization, obesity, weight loss, weight management
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pediatric obesity rates continue to rise steeply with significant adverse effects on health outcomes across the lifespan. Significant obesity can affect the efficacy, side effects, and ability to use certain treatment, medication, or imaging modalities needed in the evaluation and management of acute pediatric conditions. Inpatient settings are rarely used as an opportunity for weight counseling and thus there is a paucity of clinical guidelines on how to manage severe obesity in the inpatient setting. We present a literature review and three patient cases with single-center protocol for non-surgical management of severe obesity in children admitted for other acute medical reasons. We performed a PubMed review from January 2002 to February 2022 utilizing keywords: "inpatient," "obesity," and "intervention." For our cases, we identified three patients with severe obesity acutely impacting their health while admitted for medical treatment who concurrently underwent acute, inpatient, weight loss regimens at a single children's hospital. The literature search yielded 33 articles describing inpatient weight loss treatments. Three patients met case criteria, all three of which demonstrated a decrease in their weight in excess percent of the 95th percentile after inpatient weight-management protocol implementation (% reduction BMIp95: 16%-30%). This highlights obesity acutely limits or impacts specific medical care required during inpatient admissions in pediatric patients. It also suggests that implementation of an inpatient weight-management protocol during admission may provide an opportune setting to support acute weight loss and overall improved health outcomes in this high-risk cohort.
Including Vulnerable Populations in the Assessment of Data From Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Latifa Jackson, Caitlin Kuhlman, Fatimah Jackson, P Keolu Fox
Journal: Front Big Data (2019)
Keywords: african americans, compas, samoa, algorithmic fairness, criminal justice, genomics, inclusion

Data science has made great strides in harnessing the power of big data to improve human life across a broad spectrum of disciplines. Unfortunately this informational richesse is not equitably spread across human populations. Vulnerable populations remain both under-studied and under-consulted on the use of data derived from their communities. This lack of inclusion of vulnerable populations as data collectors, data analyzers and data beneficiaries significantly restrains the utility of big data applications that contribute to human well-ness. Here we present three case studies: (1) Describing a novel genomic dataset being developed with clinical and ethnographic insights in African Americans, (2) Demonstrating how a tutorial that enables data scientists from vulnerable populations to better understand criminal justice bias using the COMPAS dataset, and (3) investigating how Indigenous genomic diversity contributes to future biomedical interventions. These cases represent some of the outstanding challenges that big data science presents when addressing vulnerable populations as well as the innovative solutions that expanding science participation brings.
Case Report: Long Progression-Free Survival of Immunotherapy for Lung Adenocarcinoma With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation
Authors: Jianfeng Peng, Xianguang Zhao, Kaikai Zhao, Xiangjiao Meng
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: egfr mutation, egfr-tkis, biomarkers, immunotherapy, non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been clinically proven to be efficient in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it has also been found that immunotherapy is not effective for all patients. For instance, some patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation tumors have a low overall response rate to ICIs. As a result, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) blockade (atezolizumab) treatment for a patient with EGFR mutation, and we explored the interaction between immunotherapy and EGFR mutations in NSCLC.
Case presentation:
A patient, 62-year-old non-smoking female, with lung adenocarcinoma was initially misdiagnosed as EGFR wild type and received a third-line treatment with atezolizumab, experiencing partial response (PR) and progression-free survival (PFS) for 23 months. She had later been confirmed with EGFR L858R mutation prior to taking atezolizumab. On top of that, the patient developed T790M mutation after being administered with atezolizumab instead of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). She started with osimertinib, although the lesion continued to progress. Tumor mutational burden (TMB), PD-L1 expression, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) had been tested for further analysis.
Conclusion:
The case report and literature review indicate that ICIs might be more effective for L858R mutation than for other EGFR mutant subtypes, which correlates with certain potential predictors such as TMB and concurrent PD-L1 plus CD8+ TIL expression. However, there is no report on progression from non-primary EGFR T790M mutation to T790M mutation of patients who neither previously suffered from EGFR-TKIs nor responded to osimertinib. This case report will offer some information to guide the investigation on how to identify those who can benefit from immunotherapy and those who do not respond to EGFR-TKIs among the patients with EGFR mutations.
Depression with panic episodes and coronary vasospasm
Authors: Mladen I Vidovich, Aneet Ahluwalia, Radmila Manev
Journal: Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Variant (Prinzmetal's) angina is an uncommon cause of precordial pain caused by coronary vasospasm and characterized by transient ST elevation and negative markers of myocardial necrosis. This is the case of a female patient with a prior history of depression and panic attacks who presented with recurrent symptoms including chest pain. A cardiac event monitor positively documented coronary vasospasm associated with anxiety-provoking chest pain, whereas the coronary arteries were angiographically normal. We noted that the frequency of angina attacks apparently increased during the period that coincided with the introduction of Bupropion SR for treatment of the patient's depression. Considering the possibility of bupropion-associated negative impact on coronary vasospasm, the antidepressant therapy was adjusted to exclude this drug. Although Prinzmetal's angina is relatively uncommon, we suspect that a routine use of cardiac event monitors in subjects with panic disorder might reveal a greater incidence of coronary vasospasm in this patient population.
Case report: A mesocolic lymphangioma in a 14-year-old child resected by laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Xuping Feng, Xinyang Chen, Qingbo Feng, Xiaoyin Liu, Hancong Li, Hao Chen, Zhaolun Cai, Jiaxin Li
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: case report, cystic lymphangioma, laparoscopic surgery, literature review, mesocolon
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Cystic lymphangioma is a benign malformation tumor of the lymphatic system. Its location is variable, and mesocolic localization remains extremely rare.
Case presentation:
We report a case of right mesocolon giant cystic lymphangioma in a previously healthy 14-year-old boy who was successfully managed through a minimally invasive laparoscopic excision. The patient presented with 8 months of dull abdominal pain, sporadic, located on the peri-umbilicus, exacerbated for a month. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a large, multiseptated cystic mass on the right mesocolon. Right mesocolic excision using a laparoscope was performed on this patient. He was discharged on the fifth day without complications. Recurrence was not detected in three months of follow-up.
Conclusion:
Cystic lymphangiomas in the mesocolon are rare benign neoplasms that pose diagnostic challenges. Complete resection is the optimal option for diagnostic confirmation and recurrence prevention. Laparoscopic surgery is feasible for children with mesocolic lymphangioma.