OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Lipoma of the Tuber Cinereum Mimicking a Pituitary Gland Abnormality in a Girl With Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Claudio Giacomozzi, Lisa Nicolì, Carlo Sozzi, Enrico Piovan, Mohamad Maghnie
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: mri, case report, lipoma, pituitary gland—abnormalities, precocious puberty
MeSH terms: Lipoma / pathology, Pituitary Gland / pathology, Puberty, Precocious / pathology, Tuber Cinereum / pathology, Case Reports, Child, Female, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / metabolism, Humans, Hypothalamus / metabolism, Hypothalamus / pathology, Lipoma / metabolism, Pituitary Gland / metabolism, Puberty, Precocious / metabolism, Tuber Cinereum / metabolism, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

Introduction:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the best approach to investigate the hypothalamic-pituitary region in children with central precocious puberty (CPP). Routine scanning is controversial in girls aged 6-8 year, due to the overwhelming prevalence of idiopathic forms and unrelated incidentalomas. Cerebral lipomas are rare and accidental findings, not usually expected in CPP. We report a girl with CPP and an unusually shaped posterior pituitary gland on SE-T1w sequences.
Case description:
A 7.3-year-old female was referred for breast development started at age 7. Her past medical history and physical examination were unremarkable, apart from the Tanner stage 2 breast. X-ray of the left-hand revealed a bone age 2-years ahead of her chronological age, projecting her adult height prognosis below the mid parental height. LHRH test and pelvic ultrasound were suggestive for CPP. Routine brain MRI sequences, SE T1w and TSE T2w, showed the posterior pituitary bright spot increased in size and stretched upward. The finding was considered as an anatomical variant, in an otherwise normal brain imaging. Patient was started on treatment with GnRH analogue. At a thorough revaluation, imaging overlap with adipose tissue was suspected and a new MRI scan with 3D-fat-suppression T1w-VIBE sequences demonstrated a lipoma of the tuber cinereum, bordering a perfectly normal neurohypophysis. 3D-T2w-SPACE sequences, acquired at first MRI scan, would have provided a more correct interpretation if rightly considered.
Conclusion:
This is the first evidence, to our knowledge, of a cerebral lipoma mimicking pituitary gland abnormalities. Our experience highlights the importance of considering suprasellar lipomas in the MRI investigation of children with CPP, despite their rarity, should the T1w sequences show an unexpected pituitary shape. 3D-T2w SPACE sequences could be integrated into standard ones, especially when performing MRI routinely, to avoid potential misinterpretations.
A Case of Pseudoappendicitis Caused by Campylobacter Enteritis Diagnosed by Gram Staining and Direct Microscopic Investigation of Stool Specimen
Authors: Hidetaka Tabata, Yuta Horinishi, Chiaki Sano, Ryuichi Ohta
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: campylobacter infection, general medicine, gram stain, pseudoappendicitis, rural hospital, stool test
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Campylobacter infection may progress to a systemic infection through the intestinal tract. In many cases, symptoms are within the self-limiting range and do not require multidisciplinary treatment. In contrast, systemic infections in younger patients may be more severe and require hospitalization. Many differential diagnoses are considered when Campylobacter infection presents with severe abdominal pain, and the initial diagnosis may be difficult. We encountered a patient with Campylobacter infection who presented with acute-onset fever and general malaise. We diagnosed the case in a resource-poor setting by performing Gram staining of stool samples and fecal microscopy. This case suggests that a diagnosis of Campylobacter pseudoappendicitis can be made efficiently by combining various stool tests rather than waiting for culture results.
Clinical Steps for Restoration of Fractured Anterior Teeth: Color Protocol with Non-VITA Scale
Authors: Ubiracy Gaião, Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha, Cibele de Almeida Kintopp, André Vivan Garcia, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Alexandre Moro, Gisele Maria Correr
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Direct composite resin restorations are commonly provided because of their satisfactory esthetics and minimal wear of opposing tooth structure. Recent restorative systems may not follow the nomenclature of the classical VITA shade guide, using instead a simplified resin color system. A better understanding of these systems and their behavior regarding the incidence of light is an excellent approach to anterior restorations, especially for fractured anterior teeth. This paper demonstrates the color selection and clinical sequence for the natural reproduction of tooth structure using a resin system that does not follow the VITA classical scale.
Cortical Activity During an Attack of Ménière's Disease-A Case Report
Authors: Louise Devantier, Allan K Hansen, Jens-Jacob Mølby-Henriksen, Michael Pedersen, Per Borghammer, Therese Ovesen, Måns Magnusson
Journal: Front Neurol (2021)
Keywords: menière's disease, pet, case report, cortical activity, neuroimaging
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Ménière's disease (MD) is a chronic peripheral vestibular disorder with recurrent episodes of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness in the affected ear. There are several unanswered fundamental questions regarding MD, one of these being cortical activity during a MD attack. However, it is not possible to plan an investigation in an episodic disease as MD. Objective: To visualize cortical activity during an attack of MD. Method: 18F-FDG PET scans were used to visualize cortical activity in a 62 years old male suffering from definite MD. Two 18F-FDG PET scans were performed. One to show activity during the attack and one to show normal baseline brain activity 7 days after the attack. Results: A number of low-magnitude fluctuations in the 18F-FDG FDG uptake were found in 18F-FDG PET examination following the MD attack compared to the patient's own baseline 18F-FDG FDG scan. Across both hemispheres no significant changes were seen. However, reduced activity was observed in most of the orbitofrontal, frontal cortices as well as Heschl's gyrus and insula. Conclusion: This is the first neuroimaging showing alteration of brain activity during an attack in a patient with MD. No strong focal alterations was seen. It is noteworthy that the decreased activity observed was in the insula and Heschl's gyrus that seems to be core areas for processing information from the labyrinth. It is also of interest that decreased activity rather than hyperactivity was observed.
Late radiation sequelae as a consequence of breast-conserving therapy with cobalt irradiation aggravated by various risk factors
Authors: R M Hermann, B Clausing, J Mayer, U M Carl, M Nitsche
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2015)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This report deals with a 71-year-old female patient who developed cancer in her right breast 20 years ago, underwent breast-conserving surgery and received normofractionated radiotherapy with a 60Co unit. 19 years later, fibroids and calcified tissue appeared in her right mammary fold. Furthermore, a deep ulceration developed in this region during chemotherapy of bronchial carcinoma. Apart from being a Type 2 diabetic with arterial hypertension, she was also a habitual smoker. After extensive wound debridement and vacuum-assisted sealing therapy, the affected ribs were dissected and a latissimus dorsi flap was implanted. Our focus here is on the interaction of contributing risks for the development of late radiation sequelae, such as physical (especially unintended hot spots during 60Co irradiation) and pathophysiological factors (comorbidities and morbid affections). Fortunately, side-effects such as these are rare nowadays. As this case shows, however, they can be effectively handled by employing modern plastic surgery techniques.
An aggressive sphenoid wing meningioma causing foster kennedy syndrome
Authors: Harpreet S Walia, F Lawson Grumbine, Gagan K Sawhney, David S Risner, Neal V Palejwala, Matthew E Emanuel, Sandeep S Walia
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Foster Kennedy syndrome is a rare neurological condition with ophthalmic significance that can manifest as acute visual loss. It is classically characterised by unilateral optic nerve atrophy and contralateral papilledema resulting from an intracranial neoplasm. Physicians should consider Foster Kennedy syndrome in patients who present with visual loss and who have a history of intracranial neoplasm. In addition to ophthalmologic examination, neuroimaging is essential for the diagnosis of Foster Kennedy syndrome.
Array based characterization of a terminal deletion involving chromosome subband 15q26.2: an emerging syndrome associated with growth retardation, cardiac defects and developmental delay
Authors: Josef Davidsson, Anna Collin, Gudrun Björkhem, Maria Soller
Journal: BMC Med Genet (2008)
MeSH terms: Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Developmental Disabilities / genetics, Growth Disorders / genetics, Heart Defects, Congenital / genetics, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Chromosome Banding, Chromosome Painting, Female, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Infant, Karyotyping, Male, Metaphase, Syndrome

Background:
Subtelomeric regions are gene rich and deletions in these chromosomal segments have been demonstrated to account for approximately 2.5% of patients displaying mental retardation with or without association of dysmorphic features. However, cases that report de novo terminal deletions on chromosome arm 15q are rare.
Methods:
In this study we present the first example of a detailed molecular genetic mapping of a de novo deletion in involving 15q26.2-qter, caused by the formation of a dicentric chromosome 15, using metaphase FISH and tiling resolution (32 k) genome-wide array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH).
Results:
After an initial characterization of the dicentric chromosome by metaphase FISH, array CGH analysis mapped the terminal deletion to encompass a 6.48 megabase (Mb) region, ranging from 93.86-100.34 Mb on chromosome 15.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, we present an additional case to the growing family of reported cases with 15q26-deletion, thoroughly characterized at the molecular cytogenetic level. In the deleted regions, four candidate genes responsible for the phenotype of the patient could be delineated: IGFR1, MEF2A, CHSY1, and TM2D3. Further characterization of additional patients harboring similar 15q-aberrations might hopefully in the future lead to the description of a clear cut clinically recognizable syndrome.
Complete Disappearance of Choroidal Metastasis from Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with Bevacizumab and Chemotherapy
Authors: Hampig Raphael Kourie, Joelle Antoun, Alexandre Schakal, Elie Nasr, Marwan Sahyoun, Joseph Kattan
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2015)

Choroidal metastasis from lung cancer is uncommon. We report a case of choroidal metastasis as an inaugural manifestation of lung adenocarcinoma, successfully treated by docetaxel, cisplatinum, and intravenous bevacizumab as an antiangiogenesis therapy. A complete remission was obtained after 4 cycles and maintained after six cycles. This case report demonstrates the importance of the systemic bevacizumab and chemotherapy in the treatment of choroidal metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Brown tumour in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism resistant to medical therapy: case report on successful treatment after subtotal parathyroidectomy
Authors: Nicola Di Daniele, Stefano Condò, Michele Ferrannini, Marta Bertoli, Valentina Rovella, Laura Di Renzo, Antonino De Lorenzo
Journal: Int J Endocrinol (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Brown tumour represents a serious complication of hyperparathyroidism. Differential diagnosis, based on histological examination, is only presumptive and clinical, radiological and laboratory data are necessary for definitive diagnosis. Here we describe a case of a brown tumour localised in the maxilla due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in a young women with chronic renal failure. Hemodialysis and pharmacological treatment were unsuccessful in controlling secondary hyperparathyroidism making it necessary to proceed with a subtotal parathyroidectomy. The proper timing of the parathyroidectomy and its favourable effect on regression of the brown tumor made it possible to avoid a potentially disfiguring surgical removal of the brown tumor.
Endodontic Treatment of Maxillary Premolar with Three Root Canals Using Optical Microscope and NiTi Rotatory Files System
Authors: João Bosco Formiga Relvas, Fredsom Marcio Acris de Carvalho, André Augusto Franco Marques, Emílio Carlos Sponchiado Jr, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2013)

The aim of the study was to report a clinical case of endodontic treatment of a maxillary first premolar with three root canals using an optical microscope and rotary instrumentation technique. The main complaint of the patient, a 16-year-old girl, was pain in tooth 14. After clinical and radiographic examination, irreversible pulpitis was diagnosed. An alteration in the middle third of the pulp chamber radiographically observed suggested the presence of three root canals. Pulp chamber access and initial catheterization using size number 10 K-files were performed. The optical microscope and radiographic examination were used to confirm the presence of three root canals. PathFiles #13, #16, and #19 were used to perform catheterization and ProTaper files S1 and S2 for cervical preparation. Apical preparation was performed using F1 file in the buccal canals and F2 in the palatal canal up to the working length. The root canals were filled with Endofill sealer by thermal compaction technique using McSpadden #50. The case has been receiving follow-up for 12 months and no painful symptomatology or periapical lesions have been found. The use of technological tools was able to assist the endodontic treatment of teeth with complex internal anatomy, such as three-canal premolars.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: a consequence of immunosuppression resulting from inhibiting tumour necrosis factor (TNF)?
Authors: Alexandra Silverton, Roy A Raad, Leah Katz, Andrea Downey, Franco M Muggia
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience (2016)
Keywords: tnf antagonists, etanercept, rectal cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, secondary malignancies, squamous cell cancer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Treatment with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists may lead to enhanced susceptibility to certain malignancies. In particular, an association is seen emerging between TNF antagonists and development of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the skin (in association with psoriasis), the oral cavity, and in the anogenital areas (possibly related to prior human papilloma virus infection). We present here a case of a 53-year old woman with a history of severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA), most recently treated with the TNF antagonist etanercept plus methotrexate, presented to our service after several months of increasing left pelvis and buttock pain. Evaluation with a computerised tomography (CT)-directed biopsy of a pelvic side wall mass revealed a metastatic SCC. On a fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) an additional area of uptake was identified in the left posterior rectum corresponding to a 1 cm nodule palpable on digital exam. Colonoscopic biopsy revealed a basaloid SCC of the rectum as the likely primary site. Immunosuppression following TNF antagonist therapy may have given arise to this unrestrained neoplastic growth. It thereby underscores the need for an initial baseline study of risk factors and identification of patients who are at higher risk for development of a malignancy, in order to achieve a diagnosis at an early stage.
Fournier's Gangrene: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Prasan Kumar Hota
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fournier's gangrene is a very serious surgical emergency seen all over the world. With the newer advancement of surgical techniques and critical care medicine, the mortality and morbidity of this disease has come down significantly over a period of time. An early diagnosis including evaluation of predisposing and etiological factors, metabolic and physiological parameters with prompt resuscitation, aggressive surgical debridement, broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage, and continuous monitoring of all the parameters is essential for a good outcome, therefore reducing the high mortality and morbidity of this condition. In this study, we report 2 different cases of Fournier gangrene. Our first case was a young, nondiabetic, and without any multiorgan failure, who was managed successfully with good outcome. The second case was a 67-year-old man with diabetes and multiorgan dysfunction with extensive gangrene at presentation, who recovered well, but with a stormy postoperative period.
Molecular characterization of the rare translocation t(3;10)(q26;q21) in an acute myeloid leukemia patient
Authors: Tereza Jancuskova, Radek Plachy, Lucie Zemankova, David Warren Hardekopf, Jiri Stika, Lenka Zejskova, Inka Praulich, Karl-Anton Kreuzer, Achim Rothe, Moneeb Ak Othman, Nadezda Kosyakova, Sona Pekova
Journal: Mol Cytogenet (2014)
Keywords: aml, chromosomal microdissection, mecom, molecular marker, next-generation sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus - MECOM, also known as the ecotropic virus integration site 1 - EVI1, located in band 3q26, can be rearranged with a variety of partner chromosomes and partner genes. Here we report on a 57-year-old female with AML who presented with the rare translocation t(3;10)(q26;q21) involving the MECOM gene. Our aim was to identify the fusion partner on chromosome 10q21 and to characterize the precise nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal breakpoint.
Methods:
Cytogenetic and molecular-cytogenetic techniques, chromosome microdissection, next generation sequencing, long-range PCR and direct Sanger sequencing were used to map the chromosomal translocation.
Results:
Using a combination of cytogenetic and molecular approaches, we mapped the t(3;10)(q26;q21) to the single nucleotide level, revealing a fusion of the MECOM gene (3q26.2) and C10orf107 (10q21.2).
Conclusions:
The approach described here opens up new possibilities in characterizing acquired as well as congenital chromosomal aberrations. In addition, DNA sequences of chromosomal breakpoints may be a useful tool for unique molecular minimal residual disease target identification in acute leukemia patients.
Onychophagia Induced Melanonychia, Splinter Hemorrhages, Leukonychia, and Pterygium Inversum Unguis Concurrently
Authors: Sezin Fıçıcıoğlu, Selma Korkmaz
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Onychophagia, which refers to compulsive nail-biting behavior, is common among children and young adults. Onychophagia can cause destruction to the cuticle and nail plate, leading to shortening of nails, chronic paronychia, and secondary infections. Relatively uncommon effects include pigmentary changes, such as longitudinal melanonychia and splinter hemorrhages. We report a case of a young adult with longitudinal melanonychia, splinter hemorrhages, punctate leukonychia, and pterygium inversum unguis, concurrently induced by onychophagia. Importantly, patients usually do not report this behavior when asked about nail-related changes. Even upon questioning, they may deny nail-biting behavior. As in many other dermatological disorders, dermoscopy can be helpful in the diagnosis of nail disorders.
Root Membrane Replantation as an Alternative Technique for the Socket Preservation
Authors: Francesco Campione, Ludovica Campione, Mario Francesco Campione, Michele Melillo, Claudia Arena, Francesc Abella, Luca Boschini
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background and Overview. Socket shield is a technique that allows the maintenance of tissue volumes. In the reported clinical case, the replantation of the buccal root fragment mistakenly extracted during a socket shield surgery is performed. We present a follow-up to 5 years with an unexpected healing.Case Description. An 88-year-old patient underwent an immediate loading implant placement associated with the replantation of the mistakenly extracted root fragment. The shaping of the fragment was performed extraorally, and the replantation was done so that the fragment protruded above the crest margin.Conclusions and Practical Implications. The 5-year follow-up shows an uneventful healing of the implant. At 48 months, postoperative CBCT exam reports images compatible with the regeneration of the bone over the portion of root that protruded over the margin. The outcome suggests clinical implications, as the opportunity to easily shape the fragment extraorally and replant sound portion of the root (not necessary the buccal) in buccal socket with bone defect.
Prenatal diagnosis of caudal regression syndrome and omphalocele in a fetus of a diabetic mother
Authors: Haifa Bouchahda, Houda El Mhabrech, Hechmi Ben Hamouda, Sobhi Ghanmi, Rim Bouchahda, Habib Soua
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2017)
Keywords: caudal regression syndrome, maternal diabetes mellitus, prenatal diagnosis, prognosis
MeSH terms: Hernia, Umbilical / diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging, Prenatal Diagnosis / methods, Sacrum / abnormalities, Case Reports, Female, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae / abnormalities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods, Pregnancy, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Sacrum / diagnostic imaging, Spinal Cord Diseases / diagnostic imaging, Syndrome, Ultrasonography, Prenatal / methods, Young Adult

The caudal regression syndrome is defined as total or partial agenesis of the sacrum and lumbar spine, frequently associated with other developmental malformations (orthopedic, neurological, genito-urinary, gastrointestinal…). Prenatal diagnosis is possible through fetal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A case of fetal caudal regression syndrome with omphalocele from a diabetic mother is presented, demonstrating the sonographic, MRI, CT and X-Ray features diagnostic. We will also discuss neonatal findings, risk factors and prognosis of this condition.
Metastatic melanoma presenting as intussusception in an 80-year-old man: a case report
Authors: Sarah Alghamdi, Yumna Omarzai
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2013)

Malignant melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon neoplasm that could be primary or metastatic. Small intestine represents the most common site for the metastatic melanoma; however, it could be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Intussusception is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in adults compared to children. In 90% of the cases, the underlying cause can be found, and in 65% of the cases, intussusception is caused by the neoplastic process. The majority of the neoplasms are benign, and about 15% are malignant. Metastatic melanoma is one of the most common metastatic malignancies to the gastrointestinal tract; however, the premortem diagnosis is rarely made. Here, we report an uncommon clinical presentation of metastatic melanoma causing intussusception in an 80-year-old man. This diagnosis should be considered in a differential diagnosis in any patient who presents with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of melanoma.