OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Neurosyphilis in China: A Systematic Review of Cases From 2009-2021
Authors: Fang-Zhi Du, Hai-Ni Zhang, Jing-Jing Li, Zhi-Ju Zheng, Xu Zhang, Rui-Li Zhang, Qian-Qiu Wang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: china, clinical epidemiological characteristics, neurosyphilis, prevalence, systematic review
MeSH terms: Systematic Review

Considered the increased threaten of neurosyphilis in China, a review on cases reported in the literature to describe the clinical epidemiological characteristics of neurosyphilis cases, may be beneficial to the early detection and management strategies of neurosyphilis for clinicians. We searched the literature on Chinese neurosyphilis cases published from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2021, described their clinical epidemiological characteristics and calculated the prevalence of neurosyphilis amongst other associated diseases, according to the individual study criteria. A total of 284 studies including 7,486 neurosyphilis cases were included. No meta-analysis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the data. Among 149 case reports and 93 retrospective case series studies, the main clinical manifestation of 3,507 neurosyphilis cases was cerebral parenchymal syphilis (57.3%), followed by asymptomatic neurosyphilis (16.7%), meningovascular syphilis (13.6%), meningitis syphilis (7.7%) and ocular syphilis (2.8%), etc. In addition, the initial diagnosis was incorrect in 53.2% patients, and the most frequent misdiagnoses were mental disorders (31.0%), stroke (15.9%), cognitive impairment (9.0%), etc. The positive or abnormal rates of cerebrospinal fluid non-treponemal and treponemal tests, white blood cell counts and protein concentrations were 74.2%, 96.2%, 61.5%, and 60.9%, respectively. Aqueous penicillin was the first choice for treatment in 88.3% cases, and 81.7% and 50.0% patients had response in the improvement of symptoms and serological effective in CSF, respectively. Among 26 studies on neurosyphilis patients amongst other associated diseases, the prevalence of neurosyphilis amongst central nervous system infectious diseases, syphilis-associated neurological symptoms, serofast status, coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus were 10.6%-30.1%, 23.2%-35.5%, 9.8%-56.1%, and 8.9%, respectively. In summary, the lack of early detection of neurosyphilis cases remains a clinical challenge. The high rate of misdiagnosis and high prevalence of neurosyphilis amongst associated diseases strongly remind clinicians to focus on the early detection among suspected cases. Besides, the standard treatment regimen and long-term follow-up, which complied with guideline should be provided. Further prospective studies are urgent to better delineate the clinical epidemiological characteristics of neurosyphilis in China.
A Dose-Response Relationship to Radiotherapy for Cutaneous Lesions of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Mark K Farrugia, Carl Morrison, Francisco Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, Saif Aljabab
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease, afflicting approximately 4.6 and 1-2 per 1 million children and adults, respectively. While LCH can involve numerous organ systems such as the lung or bone, it is uncommon for the disease to be limited to the skin. Radiotherapy has an established role for osseous lesions. However, the efficacy and dose for nonosseous manifestations of the disease are not well described. In the current case report, we detail a 49-year-old adult male with skin-limited LCH requiring palliative radiotherapy (RT) to numerous sites for pain control. The patient was initially diagnosed and treated with single agent cytarabine for approximately 6 months. Despite treatment, he had little symptomatic response of his cutaneous lesions. We delivered a single dose of 8 Gray (Gy) to 3 separate skin lesions, including the bilateral groin, right popliteal region, and right axillary lesion, which resulted in pain reduction and partial response at four-month follow-up. Subsequently, we decided to treat the left axillary untreated lesion to a higher dose of 24 Gy in 12 fractions. At four-month follow-up, the left axilla RT resulted in complete clinical response and improved pain control compared to the right axilla. Following RT treatments, the patient was found to have a BRAF mutation, and vemurafenib was initiated. Further follow-up with positron emissions tomography demonstrated complete metabolic response in numerous disease areas, including both axillae. Based on this case report's findings, a higher radiotherapy dose may be more effective for treating cutaneous LCH.
Household disaster awareness and preparedness: A case study of flood hazards in Asamankese in the West Akim Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Frank J Glago
Journal: Jamba (2019)
Keywords: asamankese, west akim municipality, disaster preparedness, disaster risk awareness, flood-prone zone

Increasing disasters and their associated devastating impacts on society have called into question the capacity of countries to address disaster occurrences. Hitherto, primary disaster management institutions have addressed disaster in a piecemeal manner, commonly through the distribution of relief items after occurrence of disasters. Considering this shortfall and as a contribution to the current discourse of disaster management, this study investigated households' awareness and preparedness for flood disasters in Asamankese, a rapidly developing township, which has also seen increase in flood disasters in recent times. To this end, a mixed research method approach was used in both data collection and analysis. A survey was conducted to collect data from 200 households in the township. Two focus group discussions were also organised to gather in-depth insights. The study found that households' awareness of flood disaster risks was very high in both flood-prone and non-flood-prone ecological zones of Asamankese. Also, notable from the study was that whereas level of awareness was high among residents, preparedness levels were generally low, especially in terms of financial preparedness. Several recommendations were proposed, which include improving public education and sensitisation on flood disaster preparedness strategies, creating financial support scheme for residents to increase their financial preparedness as well as encouraging residents to increase their social capital support and participate in community gatherings.
Emergency embolization for breast pseudoaneurysm following vacuum-assisted biopsy: a case report
Authors: Nguyen Thai Binh, Nguyen Minh Duc, Thieu-Thi Tra My, Le Viet Dung, Doan Tien Luu, Le Tuan Linh
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: vacuum-assisted biopsy, case report, embolization, pseudoaneurysm
MeSH terms: Aneurysm, False / therapy, Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis, Embolization, Therapeutic / methods, Hemorrhage / therapy, Case Reports, Adult, Aneurysm, False / diagnostic imaging, Aneurysm, False / etiology, Biopsy / adverse effects, Biopsy / methods, Breast Diseases / diagnostic imaging, Breast Diseases / etiology, Breast Diseases / therapy, Female, Hematoma / diagnostic imaging, Hematoma / etiology, Hematoma / therapy, Hemorrhage / etiology, Humans, Ultrasonography, Mammary

Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is a minimally invasive procedure and has become an important treatment method. Although VABB is a minimally invasive procedure, it might cause complications, particularly those associated with blood vessels. In this article, we aimed to describe a 35-year-old female who experienced pseudoaneurysm post-VABB and was successfully treated with embolization. She presented to the hospital with a suspected left breast tumor. The pathology report after biopsy confirmed fibroadenoma, and the patient underwent VABB to remove the tumor. One hour after VABB, the patient described pain and swelling at the location of the removed tumor. Breast ultrasound revealed a hematoma and pseudoaneurysm. The bleeding did not stop following the application of manual compression. Breast hemorrhage was controlled by endovascular embolization. Pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon complication of VABB, and embolization represents an effective method for the management of breast pseudoaneurysm.
Babesia microti- induced fulminant sepsis in an immunocompromised host: A case report and the case-specific literature review
Authors: Harry A Conte, Michael C Biondi, Sok-Ja Janket, Leland K Ackerson, Eleftherios P Diamandis
Journal: Open Life Sci (2022)
Keywords: babesia microti, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, eukaryotic pathogens, intra-erythrocytic parasite, recrudescence
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Babesia microti is an obligate intra-erythrocytic parasite transmitted by infected ticks. B. microti is a eukaryote much larger than prokaryotic microbes and more similar to human hosts in their biochemistry and metabolism. Moreover, Babesia spp. possess various immune evasion mechanisms leading to persistent and sometimes life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised hosts. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent adult B-cell malignancy, and a small percentage of CLL transforms into aggressive lymphomas. CLL also causes immune dysfunction due to the over-expansion of immature and ineffective B-cells. When our patient with indolent CLL presented with anemia, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly, all his healthcare providers presumptively assumed a malignant transformation of CLL. However, these are also the signs and symptoms of babesiosis. Herein, we report a case where B. microti infection was presumed as a malignant transformation of CLL and narrowly avoided a devastating outcome. Although the patient developed fulminant sepsis, he finally received the correct diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, the disease recrudesced twice. Each time, it became more difficult to control the infection. We describe the clinical course of the case and discuss the case-specific literature review. This report highlights the importance of differential diagnoses ruling out infections which include babesiosis, prior to initiating the treatment of B-cell malignancy.
Case Report: Expanding the tumour spectrum associated with the Birt-Hogg-Dubé cancer susceptibility syndrome
Authors: Patrick R Benusiglio, Sophie Gad, Christophe Massard, Edith Carton, Elisabeth Longchampt, Tiffany Faudot, Jérôme Lamoril, Sophie Ferlicot
Journal: F1000Res (2014)

Patients with the Birt-Hogg-Dubé cancer susceptibility syndrome are at high risk of developing renal cell carcinoma, pulmonary cysts and pneumothorax, and skin lesions called fibrofolliculomas. Here we report the case of a Birt-Hogg-Dubé patient with a primary clear cell carcinoma of the thyroid (a very rare type of thyroid cancer), and FLCN loss of heterozygosity within the tumour, providing molecular evidence for this association. Our findings expand the tumour spectrum associated with this syndrome. It is paramount to identify individuals with Birt-Hogg-Dubé so that they, and subsequently their affected relatives, can benefit from tailored cancer screening and prevention.
A successful combined laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic exploration of common bile duct for acute gangrenous cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis during pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Si-Yuan Qiu, Kelvin K Ng, Tan-To Cheung, Chun-Hong Liu, Hong-Tao Zhu, Bang-Ren Xu, Ren Ji, Chung-Mau Lo
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: case report, choledocholithiasis, laparoscopic exploration of common bile duct, pregnancy

Introduction:
Choledocholithiasis during pregnancy is relatively uncommon but it can be life-threatening. Therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) poses the risk of ionizing radiation exposure to the developing fetus. Other strategies are thus needed to tackle this problem.
Presentation of case:
A 38-year-old 8 weeks' pregnant lady presented with acute onset of right upper quadrant pain. Ultrasonography showed features of acute cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis, which was later confirmed by magnetic resonance cholangiogram. Emergency combined laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopic exploration of common bile duct (Lap ECBD) were performed. Lap ECBD through trans-cystic duct approach was adopted. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day 4. A healthy baby boy was delivered at 40 weeks' gestation without developmental problem.
Conclusion:
Lap ECBD avoided ionizing radiation for choledocholithiasis during pregnancy, and can combined with LC as an effective minimally invasive procedure for complicated gallstone disease.
Late-Stage Fabry Disease With Advanced Cardiomyopathy and Conduction Disorders
Authors: Saim Mustafa, Christopher J Schimmoeller, Benjamin Fleming, Pranav Venkataraman
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: alpha-galactosidase a, fabry's disease, globotriaosylceramide, late gadolinium enhancement, non-st segment elevation myocardial infarction (nstemi)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fabry disease, a well-known X-linked disorder, can present as an elusive late-stage disease in women with challenging limitations to management. Risk stratification of patient populations for genetic testing, early detection, and advances in affordable clinical treatment are on-going. We present a case to further demonstrate the need for continued research. Our case involved advanced complications, including worsening diastolic heart failure and conduction disorders ranging from supraventricular tachycardia to severe heart block. The patient received goal-directed medical therapy as tolerated for her heart failure and ultimately needed a dual-chamber pacemaker with a defibrillator.
Tuberculosis masquerading as malignancy: a multimodality approach to the correct diagnosis - a case report
Authors: Shalini Amukotuwa, Peter Fm Choong, Peter J Smith, Gerard J Powell, John Slavin, Stephen M Schlicht
Journal: Int Semin Surg Oncol (2005)

BACKGROUND: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is one of the great mimickers of medicine, and often masquerades as malignancy. As a result, patients may be referred to oncologists and surgeons for further evaluation and management, delaying the institution of appropriate anti-tuberculous drug therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 21 year old man with tuberculous osteomyelitis, who was referred to the Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma Service at our institution with a provisional diagnosis of malignancy. Further investigation revealed extensive retroperitoneal abdominal and pelvic lymphadenopathy. The recognition of certain patterns on imaging, and finally the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from tissue samples obtained under image guidance, enabled the correct diagnosis to be made. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of remaining cognisant of the protean manifestations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and illustrates the advantage of a clinically directed multi-modality imaging approach to diagnosis.
Rehabilitation of an Extremely Resorbed Edentulous Mandible by Short and Narrow Dental Implants
Authors: Ines Kovacic, Sanja Persic, Josip Kranjcic, Nikolina Lesic, Asja Celebic
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Serious consequences of long-term complete denture wearing may be extreme residual ridge atrophy and a reduced area of keratinized oral mucosa of a denture-bearing area. This paper presents five clinical cases of extreme mandibular ridge atrophy, rehabilitated by means of mandibular overdentures retained by short mini dental implants. The patients had a reduced mandibular bone volume in the interforaminal region, bone height less than 10 mm, and buccolingual bone width less than 4 mm. In order to avoid bone augmentation, patients received four short mini dental implants (MDIs) (6 or 8 mm long; 2.0 or 2.5 mm wide) for the support of mandibular overdentures, which is a new rehabilitation option. After insertion, the MDIs were early loaded with new mandibular overdentures reinforced with the CoCr framework. The patients have been wearing their overdentures for 2 years. One MDI broke during insertion and a new one was added. One patient lost one MDI but successfully continued to wear the overdenture retained by the remaining three MDIs. Mean marginal bone loss (MBL) was 0.20 ± 0.19 mm. Patients significantly improved their OHRQoL and chewing function by reducing the summary scores of the OHIP-14 and the chewing function questionnaires. The improvements remained unchanged throughout the observation period.
Postural Syncope and Constipation: An Unusual Presentation of a Duodenal Dieulafoy's Lesion
Authors: Ahmed Dirweesh, Alvarez Chikezie, Muhammad Yasir Khan, Sana Zia, Muhammad Tahir
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Dieulafoy lesions are a rare etiology of gastrointestinal bleeding from a large caliber-persistent tortuous submucosal artery. They account for 1-2% of all causes of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage with 80%-95% of these lesions located in the stomach along the lesser curvature. One-third of these lesions present at an extragastric location, with the proximal duodenum accounting for 15% of them. We present a 21-year-old male with no significant past medical history or risk factors, who presented with repeated syncopal episodes followed by hematemesis, found to have a Dieulafoy lesion located at the duodenal bulb. This lesion was diagnosed and successfully treated via upper endoscopy with epinephrine injection and the application of 2 endoscopic clips.
Transurethral resection of prostate syndrome: report of a case
Authors: Brahim Boukatta, Hicham Sbai, Ferdaous Messaoudi, Zakaria Lafrayiji, Abderrahim El Bouazzaoui, Nabil Kanjaa
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2013)
Keywords: turp syndrome, transurethral resection, coma, hypertonic saline, hyponatremia
MeSH terms: Bradycardia / chemically induced, Glycine / adverse effects, Hyponatremia / chemically induced, Hypotension / chemically induced, Postoperative Complications / chemically induced, Solutions / adverse effects, Therapeutic Irrigation / adverse effects, Transurethral Resection of Prostate, Case Reports, Absorption, Aged, Anesthesia, Spinal, Bradycardia / drug therapy, Coma / etiology, Combined Modality Therapy, Glycine / administration & dosage, Glycine / pharmacokinetics, Humans, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / therapeutic use, Hypotension / drug therapy, Hypoxia / blood, Hypoxia / etiology, Hypoxia / therapy, Male, Norepinephrine / therapeutic use, Plasma Substitutes / therapeutic use, Postoperative Complications / blood, Postoperative Complications / drug therapy, Postoperative Complications / therapy, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / chemically induced, Prostatic Hyperplasia / surgery, Respiration, Artificial, Saline Solution, Hypertonic / therapeutic use, Solutions / administration & dosage, Solutions / pharmacokinetics, Syndrome, Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives, Plasma Substitutes, Saline Solution, Hypertonic, Solutions, Glycine, Norepinephrine

We report a case of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) syndrome. A 78-year-old man with prostatic hypertrophy was scheduled for transurethral resection of the prostate under spinal anesthesia. 30 minutes after the end of the surgery, the patient presented signs of TURP syndrome with bradycardia, arterial hypotension, cyanosis, hypoxemia and coma. The electrolytes analysis revealed an acute hyponatremia (sodium concentration 125 mmol/L). Medical treatment consisted of hypertonic saline solution 3%, volume expansion, intubation and ventilation. The presented case describes a typical TURP syndrome, which was diagnosed and treated early. The patient was discharged from hospital without any complications.
Sternal Osteomyelitis and Abscess Caused by Elbowing during a Basketball Game
Authors: Hideo Ichimura, Yuichiro Ozawa, Tetsuya Sato, Kanji Matsuzaki, Yuichi Yoshii, Seiji Shiotani
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)

A 15-year-old boy was referred to our hospital for further investigation and treatment of sternal osteomyelitis due to blunt chest trauma, more specifically elbowing during a basketball game 19 days earlier. On an initial presentation, his chest was markedly swollen and chest computed tomography demonstrated a sternal fracture and massive fluid collection in the chest wall. Since his general condition remained fairly good, we initially selected minimal drainage concomitant with antibiotics; if it was unsuccessful, we planned to switch to a more radical debridement procedure. The patient recovered without further invasive intervention and was discharged on postoperative day 26. There is no sign of recurrence six months after operation. This case report indicates that minimal drainage would be a good option for treatment in a phased strategy.
Vancomycin-Induced Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Pratibha Sharma, Eliza Sharma, Sanjay P Neupane, Suyash Dahal, Sumit Dahal
Journal: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: leukocytoclastic vasculitis, vancomycin, vasculitis
MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects, IgA Vasculitis / etiology, Vancomycin / adverse effects, Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous / chemically induced, Case Reports, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Male, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Vancomycin, Vascular purpura

Vancomycin causes different types of hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from localized skin reactions to generalized cardiovascular collapse. However, cases of vancomycin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis are rare. In this article, we present a case where the patient developed palpable purpura on his bilateral lower limbs following treatment with vancomycin. He was diagnosed with vancomycin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis that resolved without sequelae after withdrawal of vancomycin.
Vulvar Pyogenic Granuloma in Adult Female Population: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nastaran Mahmoudnejad, Alireza Zadmehr, Mohammad Hamidi Madani
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is an uncommon lesion of unknown etiology. It may be formed following a minor injury. They result from a reactive or inflammatory process consisting of proliferating vascular channels, immature fibroblastic connective tissue, and scattered inflammatory cells rather than neoplastic process. Bleeding is the most common symptom of the lesion. They may be seen in all age groups, and there is no clear predominance of a gender. Vulvar PGs can be confused with other polypoid or sessile lesions of the genital site. There are only a few cases of female genital PGs reported in the literature. Herein, we describe the first case of vulvar (clitoral) PG in an Iranian patient and a brief review of the literature in this regard.
A case report of primary cardiac angiosarcoma with DNMT3A gene mutation
Authors: Kun Tian, Yating Liu, Haiying Zhu, Tao Wang, Tianxing Chen, Xiaxia Pei, Feixue Song
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: dnmt3a, cardiac angiosarcoma, cardiac tumor rupture, chemotherapy, surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cardiac angiosarcoma is a rare disease with a high mortality rate despite its low incidence. Surgery is currently the mainstay treatment strategy for patients with this condition. Herein, we describe a case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma, including symptoms, examination findings, treatment strategy and prognosis. In 2020, the patient was admitted to our hospital, and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) revealed a mutation in the DNMT3A gene. Generally, DNMT3A mutations are most commonly seen in atherosclerosis and myeloid leukemia. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma with DNMT3A gene mutation.