OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Memory Impairment and Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction in the Orthostatic Position: A Single Case Study of Sinking Skin Flap Syndrome
Authors: Luca Sebastianelli, Verena Stoll, Viviana Versace, Sara Martignago, Stephan Obletter, Marco Lavoriero, Kathrin Malfertheiner, Gertraud Gisser, Leopold Saltuari
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2015)

We describe the case of a patient who underwent craniectomy for hemorrhage of the left parietal lobe. Three weeks later, orthostatic memory impairment was detected as initial symptom of sinking skin flap syndrome (SSFS). This deficit was examined by neuropsychological testing and associated with a posture-dependent increase in the delta/alpha ratio at the F3 electrode, an electroencephalographic (EEG) index related to brain hypoperfusion. This EEG spectral alteration was detected in a brain region that includes the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an area known to be involved in memory processing; therefore we hypothesize that SSFS induced reversible hypoperfusion of this otherwise undamaged cortical region. Neither of these findings was present after cranioplasty. This case suggests that SSFS may induce neuropsychological deficits potentially influencing outcome in the postacute phase and is further evidence supporting the clinical benefits of early cranioplasty.
A conservative bioadhesive approach to the reattachment of complicated crown fractures in permanent first molars: a case report with a 2-year followup
Authors: Pragati Mirikar
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This paper presents a clinical report demonstrating combined restorative bioadhesive treatment and prosthetic rehabilitation of uncommon type of dental injury in an eighteen-year-old female involving crown fracture of all the permanent first molars and left upper premolars due to a bicycle riding accident. To restore the coronal fracture with invasion of biologic width, flap surgery with osteotomy and osteoplasty localized on the fractured teeth was performed, and the tooth remnant was reattached to the crown with a self-etch adhesive system. Frank pulp exposure was treated by self-etch dentin adhesive after surface disinfection prior to sealing of the wound site. At 2-year recall, the teeth continue to be aesthetically and functionally stable with a favourable pulpal and periapical environment.
Endovascular repair of a type B aortic dissection with a right-sided aortic arch: case report
Authors: Weimin Zhou
Journal: J Cardiothorac Surg (2013)
MeSH terms: Aorta, Thoracic / abnormalities, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / surgery, Aortic Dissection / surgery, Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods, Case Reports, Aged, Aorta, Thoracic / pathology, Aorta, Thoracic / surgery, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, Humans, Male, Stents

Right-sided aortic arch is a rare anomaly, and aortic dissection involving a right-sided aortic arch is extremely rare. We report the case of a 65-year-old man with a right-sided aortic arch and a right descending aortic dissection and a stent-graft was accurately deployed without perioperative complications. There were no any complaints and complications after 18 months follow-up. The CTA demonstrated that the false lumen was largely thrombosed only with a mild type II endoleak and a mild descending aortic expansion. We feel that endovascular repair is feasible to patient of type B aortic dissection with a right-sided aortic arch. However, long-term clinical efficacy and safety have yet to be confirmed.
Omental Infarction with Acute Appendicitis in an Overweight Young Female: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Vishnu R Mani, Shantanu Razdan, Tonny Orach, Aleksandr Kalabin, Rinil Patel, Ali Elsaadi, Kiyoe Sullivan, Federico Gattorno
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Omental infarction is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen but one that clinically mimics more serious and common causes of acute abdomen like appendicitis and cholecystitis. Historically, it was diagnosed only intraoperatively during surgery for presumed appendicitis or other causes of acute abdomen. But with the increase in the use of imaging, especially abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan in the work-up for acute abdomen, more cases of omental infarction are being diagnosed preoperatively. This has also led to the observation that omental infarction is a self-limiting condition which can be managed conservatively. Currently, conservative management and surgery are the only treatment options for omental infarction with no consensus as to the best treatment modality. Having a patient with both acute appendicitis and omental infarction simultaneously is extremely rare with only two reported cases in the literature thus far. Here, we present a 10-year-old obese female who presented to our hospital with acute abdomen and was found to have acute appendicitis and omental infarction. The patient underwent laparoscopic appendectomy and resection of the infarcted omentum and had uneventful recovery and was discharged on the second postoperative day. In this report, we present a review of current literature on omental infarction and highlight the importance of imaging especially abdominal CT scan in the nonoperative diagnosis and treatment of omental infarction.
Transfusion-Dependent Anemia in a Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplant Recipient
Authors: Jeevan Prakash Gopal, David Taube, John Martin, Simona Deplano, Saral Desai, Vassilios Papalois, Anand Sivaprakash Rathnasamy Muthusamy
Journal: Case Rep Transplant (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A case of transfusion-dependent anemia in a simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) transplant recipient that masqueraded as gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is described. The anemia was attributed to bleeding from the donor duodenal cuff based on balloon enteroscopy findings. The patient underwent multiple contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans and multiple endoscopies with confounding features until, eventually, the diagnosis was established. We discuss the diagnostic difficulties and the therapeutic dilemma, along with the pitfalls in ascertaining the final diagnosis.
Case report: Coronary allograft vasculopathy: an accurate reflection of the histopathological findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Carmela Napolitano, Giorgia Grutter, Paola Francalanci, Antonio Amodeo, Aurelio Secinaro
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: cardiac magnetic resonanance, chronic rejection, heart, specimens anatomical, transplantation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Heart transplant recipients undergo extensive invasive and non-invasive postoperative screening to exclude complications, such as allograft rejection and vasculopathy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive, non-irradiating, diagnostic tool for monitoring graft health and identifying possible tissue rejection or myocardial fibrosis. We describe the case of a 29-year-old female heart transplant recipient admitted to our care center with a worsening clinical condition. The patient underwent clinical evaluation, blood tests, including troponin I and N-terminal pro brain type natriuretic peptide, transthoracic echocardiography, invasive coronary angiography, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging showed widespread sub-epicardial hyperintensity of the myocardial segments along the course of the coronary arteries. T2 mapping sequences showed an elevated value and the myocardial native T1 values and extracellular volume percentage were significantly increased. Late gadolinium enhancement demonstrated a diffuse sub-epicardial hypersignal along the lateral, free, and left ventricular walls. All the sequences evidenced widespread hyper-enhancement of epicardial fat along the course of the thickened main coronary artery walls. One month later, the recipient underwent re-transplantation due to progressive worsening of the clinical condition and refractoriness to intravenous medication. The anatomopathological findings of the explanted heart provided impressive visualization of structural and histopathological changes. These results could guide the tailoring of preventive therapeutic strategies and non-invasive monitoring of cardiac grafts.
Case report: A rare case of retroperitoneal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with spinal involvement without abnormal platelet count in 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yongkang Qiu, Zhao Chen, Qi Yang, Wenpeng Huang, Lele Song, Yan Fan, Lei Kang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: pet/ct, kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, kasabach-merritt phenomenon, sirolimus, spinal involvement
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm that mostly appears in infancy or early childhood. Most KHE occurred on the limbs and trunk with cutaneous lesions. Approximately 12% of KHE patients manifested as deep masses and spinal involvement is extremely rare. KHE may develop into life-threatening thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy, known as the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), especially in patients with retroperitoneal involvement. The thrombocytopenia is usually severe, with a median platelet count of 21 × 109/L at the initial presentation of KMP. Here, firstly we described a case of a 13-month-old girl with KHE who presented the movement limitation of the lower extremity caused by spinal involvement with a normal platelet count. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) showed mildly elevated metabolism in the lesion, suggesting a probably low-grade malignant tumor. Then the patient was diagnosed with KHE by biopsy. After 6-month sirolimus monotherapy, the size of the retroperitoneal lesion was reduced significantly and the patient showed improvement in clinical symptoms. This case demonstrated the advantage of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of disease activity in KHE and the possibility of using 18F-FDG PET/CT to guide therapy and prognostication.
Imported Asymptomatic Bancroftian Filariasis Discovered from a Plasmodium vivax Infected Patient: A Case Report from Singapore
Authors: Jean-Marc Chavatte, Roland Jureen
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Human lymphatic filariasis is a vector-borne disease mainly caused by the parasitic nematode Wuchereria bancrofti and transmitted worldwide within the tropical and subtropical regions. Singapore was once endemic for bancroftian filariasis but recent reports are scarce and the disease is nearly forgotten. The case report presented here reports the incidental hospital laboratory finding of an asymptomatic microfilaremia in a relapsing Plasmodium vivax imported case during a malaria treatment follow-up appointment. The parasite was identified by microscopy as W. bancrofti and retrospective investigation of the sample collected during malaria onset was found to be also positive. Additional confirmation was obtained by DNA amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene that further related the parasite to W. bancrofti strains from the Indian region. Considering the large proportion of asymptomatic filariasis with microfilaremia, the high number of migrants and travellers arriving from the surrounding endemic countries, and the common presence of local competent mosquito vectors, Singapore remains vulnerable to the introduction, reemergence, and the spread of lymphatic filariasis. This report brings out from the shadow the potential risk of lymphatic filariasis in Singapore and could help to maintain awareness about this parasitic disease and its public health importance.
Primary leiomyosarcoma of breast in an adolescent girl: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Swapnil Ulhas Rane, Charu Batra, Uma Nahar Saikia
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Leiomyosarcoma of the breast is a rare neoplasm, primarily reported in older women. Only 44 cases have been reported in world literature and to the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported from India till date. We report a case of primary breast leiomyosarcoma in an adolescent girl who underwent a lumpectomy for rapidly increasing lump in the left breast. Here we report the histological findings and immunohistochemical profile of this entity, along with a review of existing literature.
The Anterior Ratio: The Missing Link between Orthodontics and Aesthetic Dentistry
Authors: Raman Aulakh
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2013)

There is an increase in the number of dentists using orthodontic treatment for anterior tooth alignment. This is either combined with additive bonding or interproximal reduction; knowing "when to" and "how much" requires an understanding of the anterior ratio. This case report explains how to use the anterior ratio to help provide optimal aesthetics and function for the ortho-restorative patient. The anterior ratio is an important diagnostic tool required for both disciplines of orthodontics and restorative dentistry which is often overlooked. The case report demonstrates the use of the Invisalign orthodontic appliance and the corresponding ClinCheck software to help achieve the proposed treatment goals.
Complications and Management of a Rare Case of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis to the Vertebral Spine
Authors: Sammy G Nakhla
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Coccidioidomycosis, also known as San Joaquin Valley Fever or Valley Fever, is mostly a pulmonary infection caused by inhalation of spores in an endemic region. Dissemination to bone, joints, meninges, and skin occurs less than one percent of the time. Skeletal involvement accounts for approximately half of the disseminated coccidioidomycosis with the vertebrae as the most common skeletal region. We present a very rare case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis with osteomyelitis and compression fracture of the lumbar vertebral body. This case depicts some of the potential issues that can arise in managing coccidioidomycosis, especially when noncompliance to initial azoles occurs, that can lead to dissemination and complicated bone infections necessitating surgical intervention along with continuous medical therapy.
SARS-CoV-2 and pulmonary embolism: who stole the platelets?
Authors: Michael Tran, Chirag Sheth, Rohan Bhandari, Scott J Cameron, Deborah Hornacek
Journal: Thromb J (2020)
Keywords: covid-19, hit, heparin, pulmonary embolism, sars-cov-2, thrombosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 often develop venous and arterial thrombosis. The high patient mortality is partly attributed to thrombotic events. An emerging trend is the presence of immunological phenomena including antiphospholipid antibodies which may promote thrombosis. The mechanism for these observations is not clear though many patients with SARS-CoV-2 develop thrombocytopenia.
Case presentation:
We describe a patient with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonitis who presented with intermediate risk pulmonary embolism (PE). Careful attention to his daily platelet count suggested the possibility of immune mediated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) which was confirmed by laboratory testing and resolved when anticoagulation was switched to a direct thrombin inhibitor.
Conclusions:
Since excessive platelet activation and in situ thrombosis occur in HIT, this case underscores the need to consider that thrombocytopenia in patients with SARS-CoV-2-most of whom receive heparinoids-may be unrecognized HIT. A central role for the platelet in the etiology of thrombosis during the COVID-19 pandemic should be explored.
An innovative approach for management of vertical coronal fracture in molar: case report
Authors: Ambica Kathuria, M Kavitha, P Ravishankar
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Unlike anterior teeth, acute exogenous trauma is an infrequent cause of posterior coronal vertical tooth fractures. Endodontic and restorative management of such fractures is a great challenge for the clinician. Newer advancements in adhesive techniques can provide successful intracoronal splinting of such teeth to reinforce the remaining tooth structure. This paper describes the diagnosis and management of a case of complicated vertical coronal fracture in mandibular first molar induced by a traffic accident.
Bronchoesophageal fistula: a rare complication of aortic endograft infection
Authors: Russell Mark Salamo, Michael Moritz, Nadeem Parkar
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair is an increasingly common approach for aortic aneurysm repair. Infection of the prosthetic is a rare, but devastating complication which may result in the well-known aortoenteric or aortobronchial fistulae. Bronchoesophageal fistula resulting from an infected aortic endograft has not yet been reported in the literature. Early recognition of the symptoms and prompt imaging confirmation are essential for treating an otherwise highly morbid diagnosis.
Case Report: Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a Newborn, a Potential Association With SARS-COV-2
Authors: Estela Azeka, Adam Arshad, Cristiane Martins, Anna Claudia Dominguez, Adailson Siqueira, Andre Silveira Loss, Marcelo Jatene, Nana Miura
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, heart transplantation, newborn
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical course of a newborn who developed dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) after COVID-19 infection. Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinical notes of a pediatric patient with decompensated heart failure and who was previously positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results: A 23-day-old newborn presented with diarrhea, hypoactivity, tachypnea, and lethargy. The infant progressed to develop respiratory failure and required orotracheal intubation due to apnea. A nasopharyngeal swab tested positive for SARS-COV-2. An echocardiogram (ECHO) demonstrated severe left ventricular dysfunction. The patient was discharged after 18 days with furosemide and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. During the follow-up period, the infant had two episodes of decompensated heart failure, with evidence of DCM. Investigations for known causes of secondary DCM were negative. The infant was promptly referred for heart transplantation. Conclusion: Although rare, we have observed a case of DCM in a newborn following COVID-19 disease. DCM may be a complication following COVID-19 disease in newborns.
Case Report: High-dose immunoglobulins prior to plasma exchange in severe pulmonary renal syndrome
Authors: Ann-Kathrin Schäfer, Sascha Dierks, Moritz Schnelle, Peter Korsten, Samy Hakroush, Björn Tampe
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: anca clearance, anca-associated vasculitis, ivigs, plasma exchange, pulmonary renal syndrome
MeSH terms: Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Autoantibodies, Humans, Plasma Exchange, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Autoantibodies, Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with pulmonary hemorrhage

Plasma exchange rapidly depletes pathogenic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCAs) and is considered for induction therapy in severe ANCA-associated vasculitis. The aim of plasma exchange is to remove putative disease mediators from the circulation, such as toxic macromolecules and pathogenic ANCAs. To our knowledge, we here provide the first report of applying high-dose IVIGs prior to plasma exchange and assessment of ANCA autoantibody elimination in a patient with severe pulmonary renal syndrome due to ANCA-associated vasculitis. After high-dose application of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) prior to plasma exchange treatment, efficacy of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA autoantibody elimination was substantially increased, associated with rapid clearance of MPO-ANCA autoantibodies. High-dose IVIGs resulted in marked reduction of MPO-ANCA autoantibody levels and did not directly affect autoantibody clearance by plasma exchange itself, as also confirmed by comparable MPO-ANCAs in the exchange fluid relative to serum levels. Moreover, measurements of serum creatinine and albuminuria confirmed that high-dose IVIGs were well tolerated and did not exacerbate kidney injury.
Successful Nonoperative Treatment of a Lumbar Spine Extension Injury with Disruption of all Three Bony Columns in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis - A Case Report
Authors: Ali Faqeeh, David Yen
Journal: Open Neurol J (2017)
Keywords: ankylosing spondylitis, brace, inflammatory joint disease, lumbar spine, sarcoilial joints
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Study design:
A case report.
Background:
Patients with ankylosing spondylitis have altered spinal biomechanics putting them at increased risk of spinal fractures that are unstable. As a result there is an increasing trend to treat these fractures with surgical stabilization. We hypothesize that the fracture pattern is also an important factor in patients with this disease and that those with an extension injury in the lumbar spine can be treated with brace immobilization.
Objective:
Report on the non-operative management of an elderly patient, with ankylosing spondylitis, who sustained an extension injury of all three bony columns of the lumbar spine.
Methods:
A case report of a 70-year-old man who fell from a standing height, sustaining a three-column fracture at L1-2, who did not want surgical stabilization.
Results:
External brace immobilization was used and the patient was closely monitored. At his final 13 month follow-up, the patient had no clinical evidence of spinal instability or neurologic compromise and radiologically we could see callous formation anteriorly and laterally between the L1 and L2 vertebral bodies.These bridged the trebeculae across the middle and posterior columns at L1 and L2 on the lateral view, and there was no change in the sagittal or coronal alignment" to "There was mature bridging bone across the middle and posterior columns at L1 and L2 on the lateral view, and there was no change in the sagittal or coronal alignment.
Conclusion:
This case supports our hypothesis that the fracture pattern is an important factor in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and adds to the body of knowledge in the scientific literature concerning non-operative treatment of fractures in patients with ankylosed spines. Further study is required to determine whether ours is an isolated case or whether this applies to a wider population of ankylosing spondylitis patients.