OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Right ventricular dysplasia in the elderly: a case report from autopsy
Authors: Alban Ikenna Mgbehoma, Oluwaseye Olumide Onayemi, Sunday Sokunle Soyemi, John Oladapo Obafunwa
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: right ventricular cardiomyopathy, case report, right ventricular dysplasia
MeSH terms: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / diagnosis, Cardiomegaly / diagnosis, Death, Sudden, Cardiac / etiology, Case Reports, Aged, Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / physiopathology, Autopsy, Electrocardiography, Humans, Male

Right ventricular dysplasia (RVD) is a rare disease of the heart that primarily affects the right ventricle. It is a clinical and pathological entity that presents classically with palpitations, syncope, or even sudden death. It presents rarely in the elderly. Where sudden death is the first and only presentation, an autopsy is required to make the diagnosis. However, the pathomorphological features of RVD can easily be overlooked or missed at autopsy. We report the case of a 68-year-old male with the past medical history of hypertension, gout and inflammatory bowel syndrome. He was admitted on account of difficulty in breathing, abdominal swelling and reduced urination. Physical examination revealed hypertension with cardiac murmurs, widespread crepitations, distended abdomen and lower limb oedema. Provisional diagnoses of acute-on-chronic kidney disease and congestive cardiac failure secondary to hypertensive heart disease, precipitated by probable gastrointestinal infection were made. While on admission, he had an episode of syncope. Electrocardiogram revealed bigeminy and bradycardic sinus rhythm with unifocal ventricular premature contraction. He died on the 8th week of admission. Autopsy revealed an enlarged heart weighing 600gm; there was thinning of the apical aspect of the right ventricular wall with subtotal fibrofatty replacement. Microscopic examination revealed a transmural replacement of cardiac myocytes by fibroadipose tissue extending inwards, in the most parts, from the epicardium to the endocardial surface. Our aim is to increase the awareness of these pathomorphological features among anatomic/forensic pathologists.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, a Sequel of Untreated Childhood Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency Developing in a 17-Year-Old Patient
Authors: Rohan K Henry, Ram K Menon
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In a seminal report, a 17-year-old boy with panhypopituitarism had fatty liver (FL) amelioration with growth hormone (GH). By extension, since hepatic insulin resistance (IR) is key to FL and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), GH then may ameliorate the IR of T2DM. We present a 17-year-old nonobese female with untreated childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (CO-GHD) who developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and steatohepatitis with bridging fibrosis. Based on height z-score of - 3.1 and a history of radiation therapy as treatment for a medulloblastoma at 7 years of age, GHD was quite likely. GH therapy was, however, not initiated at 15 years of age (when growth was concerning) based on full skeletal maturity. After she developed T2DM, GHD was confirmed and GH was initiated. With its initiation, though insulin dose decreased from 2.9 (~155 units) to 1.9 units/kg/day (~ 100 units), her T2DM was, however, not fully reversed. This illustrates the natural history of untreated CO-GHD and shows that though hepatic IR can be ameliorated by GH, full reversal of T2DM may be prevented with irreversible hepatic changes (fibrosis). Clinicians caring for pediatric patients and otherwise should remember that, even in patients beyond the cessation of linear growth, GH can have a crucial role in both glucose and lipid metabolism.
Case Report: All That Glisters Is Not* Cancer
Authors: Claudio Tirelli, Chandra Bortolotto, Patrizia Morbini, Giulia Maria Stella
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2020)
Keywords: lung cancer, metastases, origin, sarcoidosis, staging
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Properly performed staging in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is necessary to avoid wrong therapeutic decisions. Here we present a case which manifested as advanced NSCLC but ultimately was composed of two different and rare pathologies. The first is a TTF-1 positive axillary lymph node that could be defined either as an unusual isolated differentiated cancer of unknown primary or as an even rarer case of ectopic lung epithelium which underwent malignant transformation. The second is sarcoidosis, a sarcoid-like alteration, in remission after oral steroids. The main implication of a correct diagnosis regards patient outcome and the avoidance of toxic inappropriate systemic chemotherapy.
Improvements in Optical Characteristics after Excision of an Overhanging Bleb Developed following Trabeculectomy
Authors: Yu Mizuno, Atsushi Hirota, Kazuyuki Hirooka, Yoshiaki Kiuchi
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
To examine the corneal total higher-order aberrations before and after the excision of an overhanging bleb that developed following trabeculectomy. Case Presentation. Two patients who developed overhanging blebs following trabeculectomy with a fornix-based conjunctival flap using mitomycin C (MMC) were assessed. We measured the corneal total higher-order aberrations for a 4 mm pupil diameter using the TOPCON KR-1W wavefront analyzer and the visual acuity before and after bleb excision. The corneal total higher-order aberration (HOA) improved from 0.50 μm to 0.38 μm in case 1 and from 0.59 μm to 0.49 μm in case 2 after bleb excision. The intraocular pressure was identical before and after bleb excision in both cases. No significant changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were noted in case 1; however, BCVA was improved from 20/25 to 20/20 in case 2. Both cases showed improvements in the symptoms of dysesthesia.
Conclusion:
Excision of the overhanging bleb developed following trabeculectomy may have beneficial possibility in some cases where corneal total HOA is affected and reduces the symptoms of dysesthesia.
Pituitary Apoplexy and Subdural Hematoma after Caesarean Section
Authors: Van Trung Hoang, The Huan Hoang, Thanh Tam Thi Nguyen, Vichit Chansomphou, Duc Thanh Hoang
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pituitary apoplexy can occur postpartum, and subdural hematoma following epidural anesthesia is a rare complication. Cooccurrence of these two complications is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in the literature. In this article, we present a case of pituitary apoplexy along with intracranial subdural hematoma happening two days after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. The patient presented with peripheral facial nerve paralysis accompanied by headache, eye pain, and blurred vision and was diagnosed by imaging modalities. The patient made a good recovery with conservative treatment without serious health events.
Fatal Myocarditis in Course of Plasmodium falciparum Infection: Case Report and Review of Cardiac Complications in Malaria
Authors: Paola Costenaro, Paolo Benedetti, Chiara Facchin, Carlo Mengoli, Giampietro Pellizzer
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe a fatal case of imported malaria where the sole finding revealed at the postmortem evaluation was an acute lymphocytic myocarditis with myocardiolysis. This case recalls the potential importance of myocardial injury in the prognosis of malaria and prompts a reevaluation of current perspectives on the pathogenesis of severe falciparum infection. In the light of this, we have reviewed the cases of cardiac complications in malaria published to date.
Use of Noninvasive Ventilation with Volume-Assured Pressure Support to Avoid Tracheostomy in Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Montserrat Diaz-Abad, Amal Isaiah, Valerie E Rogers, Kevin D Pereira, Anayansi Lasso-Pirot
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder in children but can occasionally present with life-threatening hypoxemia. Obesity is a significant risk factor for poor outcomes of OSA treatment. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is indicated in children who are not candidates for or have an unsatisfactory response to adenotonsillectomy. Children acutely at risk for significant morbidity with other therapies are candidates for a tracheostomy. An eight-year-old patient with morbid obesity and severe OSA refractory to CPAP therapy was treated successfully with a novel noninvasive ventilation (NIV) mode with volume-assured pressure support (VAPS) and avoided tracheostomy.
Bilateral de quervain syndrome after aromatase inhibitor administration: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Konstantinos Papadimitriou, Panteleimon Kountourakis, Emmanouil Morakis, Vassilios Vassiliou, Vasileios Barbounis, Alexandros Ardavanis
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aromatase inhibitors are widely used as one of the main treatment options of both early and advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Unfortunately, musculoskeletal symptoms are often presented in patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and, although the pathogenesis is unknown, postulated mechanisms have been described. Herein, to our knowledge, we present the first report of bilateral De Quervain syndrome related with AIs therapy with a review of the relevant literature.
Malignant renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma with TFE3 gene amplification mimicking renal carcinoma
Authors: Haili Wang, Haiyu Zhan, Zhigang Yao, Qingwei Liu
Journal: Clin Nephrol Case Stud (2018)
Keywords: malignant tumor, metastasis, renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malignant renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is an extremely rare disease with a poor prognosis, and currently there are no uniform criteria for its biological behavior. Here, we present a case of malignant renal EAML with TFE3 gene amplification in a 53-year-old woman. Four months after surgery, unenhanced computed tomography scans showed recurrence as well as metastasis in the abdomen and lung. The patient succumbed to rapid neoplastic progression of the disease 6 months later.
Outstanding Response in a Patient With ROS1-Rearranged Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Soft Tissues Treated With Crizotinib: Case Report
Authors: Danila Comandini, Fabio Catalano, Massimiliano Grassi, Guido Pesola, Rossella Bertulli, Antonio Guadagno, Bruno Spina, Matteo Mascherini, Franco De Cian, Federico Pistoia, Sara Elena Rebuzzi
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: ros1, crizotinib, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, inflammatory pseudotumor, retreatment, sarcoma, target therapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a very rare subtype of sarcoma, which frequently harbor chromosomal rearrangements, including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements (almost 50% of the IMTs) and other kinase fusions such as ROS1. ROS1 fusions are present in about 10% of IMT, almost half of the ALK-negative IMT patients. Apart from radical surgery for resectable tumors, there is no standard-of-care therapy for advanced IMTs. Nonetheless, the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has shown promising efficacy in IMT patients with targetable genomic alterations. We report the case of a 24-year-old patient with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic IMT harboring ROS1 kinase fusion, who experienced a significant clinical and pathological response to crizotinib. This clinical case highlights the need to assess all patients with unresectable IMTs for chromosomal abnormalities and gene mutations and address them to targeted agents as well as clinical trials.
Can pelvic radiotherapy induce a leiomyosarcoma of the prostate? (A case report)
Authors: Saad Bkiri, Zakaria Tlemsani, Youness Khdach, Karim Bennani, Fayçal Abbad, Mohammed Ghadouane
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2022)
Keywords: pelvic radiotherapy, adenocarcinoma, case report, multimodal treatment, prostate leiomyosarcoma
MeSH terms: Leiomyosarcoma / diagnosis, Leiomyosarcoma / etiology, Leiomyosarcoma / radiotherapy, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Aged, Humans, Male, Prostate / pathology

Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate is an extremely rare neoplasm. It represents less than 0.1% of all prostate malignancies. It is considered to have a poor prognosis, an aggressive nature, and high metastatic potential. Additionally, the relationship between radiation exposure for the treatment of primary prostatic cancer and the occurrence of leiomyosarcoma as second cancer at the irradiated site is rare, with unknown etiology. We reported a 72-year-old male known case of prostate adenocarcinoma with radio-hormonotherapy for six years who presented with acute urinary retention. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large malignant obstructive prostate with direct invasion of surrounding organs and multiple metastases. Trans-urethral resection of the prostate was performed, and the histopathology result showed high-grade leiomyosarcoma. The patient passed away after four months due to multiorgan failure. In conclusion, there may be a causal relationship between radiation therapy to the prostate and the development of prostate leiomyosarcoma.
Recurrent Cardiac Myxoma Treated by Orthotopic Heart Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review of Heart Transplantation for Primary Cardiac Tumor
Authors: Jakrin Kewcharoen, Klaorat Prasongdee, Supanee Sinphurmsukskul, Sarawut Siwamogsatham, Sarinya Puwanant, Pat Ongcharit, Vichai Benjacholamas, Aekarach Ariyachaipanich
Journal: Case Rep Transplant (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor. Tumor resection is the treatment of choice and overall long-term prognosis is good and recurrence is rare. This report presents a case of a young girl who presented with multiple recurrent cardiac myxoma. She underwent 3 sternotomy surgeries of 3 separated episodes of cardiac myxoma resection. On the fourth recurrence, the patient underwent orthotopic heart transplant. The patient tolerated the procedure well and is alive 6 months after the procedure with NYHA class I. We reviewed evidences and summarized reported cases of orthotopic heart transplant operation for primary cardiac tumor in the literature.
Case report: Anti-neurexin-3α-associated autoimmune encephalitis secondary to contrast-induced encephalopathy
Authors: Lin Zhu, Qunzhu Shang, Charlie Weige Zhao, Shujuan Dai, Qian Wu
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: qalb (csf/serum albumin quotients), anti-neurexin-3α-associated autoimmune encephalitis, blood brain barrier, contrast-induced encephalopathy (cie), neuroimmunology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 54-year-old man complained of episodic stinging in his left eye along with weakness and numbness in his right upper and lower extremities for 1 month. The neurological examination was negative. MRI showed bilateral paraventricular demyelination. CTA showed significant stenosis of the left internal carotid (60%) and vertebral arteries (70%). He underwent left internal carotid stenting and was intubated during the procedure. After the procedure, he did not wake up from anesthesia, and he developed flexion and spasticity in the right arm immediately. Thereafter, he was sent to the neurocritical unit (NCU). Anti-seizure treatment was adopted due to recurrent general tonic-clonic seizures. Two days later (day 15 of hospitalization), brain edema and meningitis appeared in MRI, and contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) was mainly considered, with the support of CSF results. After 18 days (day 21 of hospitalization), serum anti-neurexin-3α IgG was detected at a dilution of 1:10. Anti-neurexin-3α-associated encephalitis was diagnosed. The patient was fully recovered 7 months after taking immunoglobulin, steroids, mortimycophenate, and cyclophosphamide. Meanwhile, anti-neurexin-3α antibody IgG was negative in both CSF and serum. MRI was also normal. Although scarce evidence clarified the relationship between CIE and anti-neurexin-3α-associated encephalitis, we inferred that the BBB damaged by CIE may result in the anti-neurexin-3α antibody entrance into the CSF from serum, which led to autoimmune encephalitis (AIE).
Laparoscopic resection of gastric schwannoma: A case report
Authors: Fernando Cordera, Andrea Salazar-Vitale, Estephany Mejía-Sánchez, Rodrigo Arrangoiz, David Caba-Molina, Manuel Muñoz-Juárez, Enrique Luque-de-León, Eduardo Moreno-Paquentín
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: gastric schwannoma, laparoscopic, mesenchymal tumor

Introduction:
Gastric schwannomas are an extremely rare presentation of mesenchymal tumors originating from Schwann cells, accounting for 0.2% of all gastric tumors. Patients are usually asymptomatic, so these tumors are frequently detected incidentally.
Presentation of case:
68-year old male patient found to have a 5 cm mass in the lesser curvature of the stomach. After a careful preoperative evaluation, complete laparoscopic resection was performed. Pathology review confirmed a completely resected gastric Schwannoma. The patient's recovery was uneventful. At a one-year follow-up he remains asymptomatic and with no evidence of disease.
Discussion:
We present the uncommon case of a gastric schwannoma that was appropriately treated with a laparoscopic approach and present a current literature review focusing on diagnostic and treatment methods of these rare tumors.
Conclusion:
Schwannomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of gastric tumors and can be appropriately treated with a laparoscopic approach.
Immune Thrombocytopenia and JAK2V617F Positive Essential Thrombocythemia: Literature Review and Case Report
Authors: M A Sobas, T Wróbel, K Zduniak, M Podolak-Dawidziak, J Rybka, M Biedroń, M Sawicki, J Dybko, K Kuliczkowski
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present the case where immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) sequentially appeared in the space of twenty-one years of follow-up. Impaired platelet production is present in both diseases, but clinical presentation and treatment are different. On the basis of this case history a possible role of autoimmunity as a predisposing factor to myeloproliferation has been discussed.
An integrated surgical protocol for adult patients with hemifacial microsomia: Methods and outcome
Authors: Kazuaki Yamaguchi, Daniel Lonic, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Lun-Jou Lo
Journal: PLoS One (2017)
MeSH terms: Goldenhar Syndrome / surgery, Orthognathic Surgery / methods, Case Reports, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult

Background:
Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) features hypoplasia and asymmetry in skeletal as well as soft tissue, and correction of the deformity is difficult in terms of aesthetic outcome. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of an integrated treatment protocol for correction of this facial deformity.
Patients and methods:
A retrospective study was performed on adult HFM patients who received two-jaw orthognathic surgery combined with facial contouring procedures in the first stage, and fat injection for the residual facial deficiency in the second stage. Inclusion criteria were patients treated by the same surgeon and follow-up at least 6 months. The demographic, perioperative, and follow-up data were collected. We defined a facial surface area discrepancy index (FDI) for objective assessment of the symmetry between the affected and non-affected side, and utilized visual analogue scale (VAS) for subjective evaluation of facial asymmetry before and after surgical treatment.
Results:
A total of 14 patients were included. The mean age at orthognathic surgery was 21.7 years. Four patients were categorized as Pruzansky-Kaban type I, while the remaining 10 patients were type II (7 patients type IIA, 3 patients type IIB). Fat injection as a secondary procedure was performed in eleven cases (79%). The mean pre- and postoperative FDI was 87.6±6.3 and 95.4±5.2 with a significant advance for symmetry (p < 0.001). The pre- and postoperative VAS for asymmetry was 7.2±1.7 and 3.8±2.4 respectively, with a significant improvement (p = 0.002).
Conclusion:
Our integrated approach using orthognathic surgery, facial contouring surgery and subsequent fat injection is satisfactory and obtain significant improvement of the facial deformity considering the complexity of HFM.
Functional Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Induced by an Optional IVC Filter
Authors: Adam Shen, Dina Tabello, Nishant Merchant, Joseph V Portereiko, Alfred Croteau, Jonathan D Gates
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This patient suffered multiple injuries in a motor vehicle crash. She had an optional IVC filter placed in the usual fashion and location which resulted in a functional obstruction of the third part of the duodenum much as one would expect with a Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) syndrome. The symptoms persisted over the sixteen-day filter dwell time and resolved completely with the retrieval of the filter.
Lymphoma Presenting as a Soft Tissue Mass
Authors: Joana Granadas, Marta Baptista, Sérgio Ferreira
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2022)
Keywords: lymphoma, mri, musculoskeletal system
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching Point: Lymphomatous involvement of the skeletal muscle is rare; however, because lymphoma can be treated with chemotherapy, it is crucial to consider it in the differential diagnosis of a soft tissue mass in the appropriate clinical and imaging setting.
Polyangiitis with granulomatosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome of B-cell lymphoma of the lacrimal gland
Authors: Beatriz Wills Sanín, Yenny R Cárdenas Bolivar, Jose J Carvajal, Guillermo E Quintero, Rafael Andrade
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2014)

Introduction. The clinical course of an autoimmune paraneoplastic syndrome parallels the natural history of the primary malignancy. In most cases, such paraneoplastic are syndromes hardly distinguishable from idiopathic autoimmune diseases. A case of polyangiitis with granulomatosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in a patient with B-cell Lymphoma of the lacrimal gland has not yet been reported. Case Presentation. We present the case of a male patient with a B-cell Lymphoma of the lacrimal gland, who debuted with symptoms similar to rheumatoid arthritis and acute renal failure, secondary to polyangiitis with granulomatosis. The current pathophysiological hypotheses explaining the relationship between a lymphoproliferative disease and an autoimmune paraneoplastic disorder are discussed. Conclusion. Tumor-associated segmental necrotizing glomerulopathy is a very rare manifestation of glomerular diseases. Some atypical clinical features should increase the suspicion of an underlying tumor, in which case it is essential to treat the primary neoplasia, in order to control the autoimmune manifestations.