OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case-report: Massive infection by Cysticercus longicollis in a captive Lemur catta from Italy
Authors: Matteo Cuccato, Selene Rubiola, Luca Rossi, Sara Piga, Frine Eleonora Scaglione
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2023)
Keywords: italy, lemur catta, taenia crassiceps, ring-tailed lemur, zoo
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An adult male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) from a biopark of northern Italy was submitted to necropsy. A multi-organ parasitic infection was macroscopically evident. Abundant sero-hemorrhagic fluid with larval parasites was present in all cavities. The microscopic evaluation of parasites and the molecular characterization revealed the presence of Cysticercus longicollis (the larval stage of Taenia crassiceps). Histology of liver, lungs, intestine and urinary bladder revealed several larval parasites surrounded by a severe lymphocytic infiltrate, fibrous tissue and hemorrhages. This is the first report of a ring-tailed lemur with an infection of C. longicollis in Italy. The source of infection is still not known however, the discovery of this parasite in a captive lemur poses more attention on the control of parasitic diseases implementing monitoring tests and biosecurity measures.
The Desirable Effects of Edoxaban on Thrombi in the Left Atrium Are Seemingly Connected to Pulmonary Vein Thrombi
Authors: Hidekazu Takeuchi
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: 80-mdct, edoxaban, ischemic stroke, pulmonary vein thrombi, tee, thrombi in the left atrium
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ischemic stroke (IS) causes various degrees of disability that sometimes induce social problems: therefore, preventing the occurrence and recurrence of IS is important. The recovery of motor function has been extensively studied. The characteristics of retrieved thrombi have become clearer; however, it is unclear what thrombi cause IS. Pulmonary vein thrombi (PVTs), such as those of the IS, can cause systemic thrombosis, by releasing several sizes of particles. PVTs are common but are underrated and can be detected via enhanced computed tomography (CT) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). PVTs often extend to the left atrium (LA) and can be mainly diagnosed using not enhanced CT but rather TEE. Extended LA thrombi are characterized by a lack of periodic movement with heartbeats. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are useful for preventing IS. We reported that rivaroxaban partially dissolved LA thrombi and PVTs using enhanced CT and TEE; however, the effects of edoxaban on LA thrombi and PVTs are unclear. We checked the images using enhanced CT and TEE and treated them with edoxaban. The patient was a 73-year-old female with easy fatigability. Edoxaban desirably affected the LA thrombi, and edoxaban partially dissolved the thrombi in the right lower pulmonary vein (RLPV). A decreased dose of edoxaban (15 mg, once a day) had similar effects on LA thrombi and RLPV thrombi, suggesting that this treatment could be useful for preventing IS.
The Gly103Arg variant in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Yihan Xiong, Gongcheng Qu, Xiaoyu Lu, Xin Chang, Miaoping Zhang, Jiantang Liang, Kexing Lin, Xiaoman Zhao, Xuejun Fu, Ying Huang, Qianhui Xu
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: chinese population, hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis, pg103r variant, peripheral neuropathy, vitreous opacity

Background:
Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant inherited systematic disease primarily affecting the peripheral and autonomic nervous system, heart, eyes and kidney. Over 140 variants have been identified worldwide, with the Gly103Arg variant reported exclusively in China. This variant is characterized by early onset eye manifestations, making accurate and timely diagnosis difficult. Therefore, we conducted a case study and literature review to investigate the clinical characteristics of the Gly103Arg variant in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis.
Methods:
We identified three patients and an asymptomatic carrier in a four-generation family by sequencing the TTR gene. The proband underwent a lumbar puncture, electromyography, abdominal fat biopsy, among other tests. Case reports of Gly103Arg variant were retrieved through a literature search for an analysis of clinical characteristics.
Results:
The study included clinical data of 44 patients. Our literature review collected data on 41 patients and the present report supplied 3 patients with the Gly103Arg variant. The mean age at onset was 39.1 ± 4.27 years (range 30-47 years) with a female ratio of 52.3%. All cases were reported in China, predominantly in southern regions, especially Yunan and Guizhou Provinces. The initial manifestation was blurred vision, except for one case presenting with numbness in the upper extremities. All of them had vitreous opacity; 17 cases had peripheral neuropathy,6 cases had autonomic neuropathy, and 3 cases had cardiopathy. No disease-related deaths have been reported to date.
Conclusion:
The Gly103Arg variant is unique to the Chinese population, frequently occurring in southern China. The main clinical manifestations are blurred vision, vitreous opacity, and neuropathy, with cardiopathy being rare. ATTRv should be considered if a patient diagnosed with CIDP does not respond to related therapy. Abdominal fat biopsy is a convenient and accurate diagnostic method.
Tube Stoma for the Management of Ileocolic Anastomotic Leak in a Patient With Metastatic Colon Cancer
Authors: Mohammed I Elsayed
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: abdominal sepsis, colorectal anastomotic leak, cytoreductive surgery and hipec, invasive colon cancer, right hemicolectomy, tube ileostomy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This case involves a 53-year-old male who was diagnosed with stenotic ascending colon cancer and peritoneal metastatic deposits. He was initially planned for cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS and HIPEC), along with resection of the primary tumor in the form of right hemicolectomy. Intraoperatively, the disease was found to be more extensive than anticipated. Consequently, the plan was modified to include debulking right hemicolectomy with hand-sewn ileocolic anastomosis and extensive peritoneal procedures. Postoperatively, he experienced an anastomotic leak, leading to another laparotomy. However, due to anatomical challenges, creating a stoma was considered unsafe. Therefore, innovative interventions were performed, including controlling the anastomotic defect with a 30Fr Foley catheter without disrupting the anastomosis. A collaborative effort from various medical teams facilitated the patient's discharge home after an extended stay in the critical care unit (CCU).
Snip conjunctivoplasty associated with methylene blue staining for treatment of postoperative conjunctival chemosis
Authors: G Squarcia Neri, G Pezone, A Cavaliere, R Lo Schiavo Elia, M Sorotos, F D'Andrea, F Schonauer
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2024)
Keywords: blepharoplasty, blepharoplasty complication, conjunctival chemosis, lower lid blepharoplasty, upper lid blepharoplasty
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Conjunctival chemosis usually undergoes spontaneous resolution; sometimes, it requires treatment. We present the case of a 43 years-old female patient who developed bilateral conjunctival chemosis following upper and lower blepharoplasty. Two months after the operation, patient underwent bilateral snip conjunctivoplasty with methylene blue demarcation of the chemotic conjunctiva.
Preliminary response to Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy drugs in patient with periampullary carcinoma: a report of one case and a literature review
Authors: Chuanyun Tang, Yijie Kong, Lifan Xu, Chongxu Duan, Xiaowei Fu, Lu Fang, Bo Liang
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: pb-type, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, periampullary carcinoma, tislelizumab
MeSH terms: Ampulla of Vater / pathology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / administration & dosage, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use, Case Reports, Review, Aged, Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / drug therapy, Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / therapy, Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage, Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives, Deoxycytidine / therapeutic use, Female, Gemcitabine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreaticoduodenectomy, Treatment Outcome, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, tislelizumab, Deoxycytidine, Gemcitabine

Periampullary carcinoma is a malignant gastrointestinal tumor originating from the head of the pancreas, distal bile duct, duodenum, or the ampulla of Vater. Currently, surgery remains the primary treatment option, yet the postoperative recurrence rate remains high. Chemotherapy is the main approach for controlling postoperative recurrence. Histologically, periampullary carcinoma is categorized into two types: intestinal (IN) and pancreaticobiliary (PB) subtype. Each subtype requires different therapeutic approaches, with the PB type primarily treated with gemcitabine and the IN type with 5-FU. Despite these options, patient outcomes are still unsatisfactory. In recent years, the feasibility of immunotherapy in tumor treatment has been increasingly evidenced, although research on its efficacy in periampullary carcinoma treatment is still limited. In this report, we present a case of a periampullary carcinoma patient who experienced recurrence and metastasis after undergoing radical pancreatoduodenectomy and receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy post-surgery. Through next-generation sequencing (NGS), we identified high expression levels of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with a combined positive score (CPS) of 35, high tumor mutation burden (TMB-H), and high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in this patient. Therefore, we implemented a combination therapy using Tislelizumab and chemotherapy. According to the latest follow-up, the tumors are effectively controlled. Our utilization of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy holds significant implication for the treatment of periampullary carcinoma.
Cervical Dermal Sinus Tract: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Cristopher Ramirez-Loera, Víctor Hugo Galván Soto, Ricardo Martínez-Pérez, Armando S Ruiz-Treviño
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: cervical midline lesion, congenital spinal defects, dermal sinus tract, dysraphism, tethered cord
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The cervical and thoracic dermal sinuses are rare entities, conforming epithelium-lined tracts that extend from an opening in the skin through a corridor to the layers of the spinal cord. They are commonly detected in early childhood; however, adult reports are singularly rare, especially in cervical regions. We report a very unusual case of a 45-year-old Mexican female who developed progressive left-side weakness and dexterity suffered from childhood, getting worse in the last year. Physical examination revealed a soft, congenital round cystic lesion in the dorsal-midline skin at the level of C4-C5 vertebrae with no previous treatment received. MRI showed a dermal sinus tract at the C4 level from the skin tethering to the spinal cord and syringomyelia. CT scan showed a dysraphism corresponding to spina bifida at the C4 level and an incomplete closure at the C3 and C5 vertebrae. We surgically managed the lesion by microscopic resection with C3-C5 laminectomy preserving strength and sensitivity. Follow-up MRI showed no residual lesion and contained fistula with no further complications. Cervical dermal sinus lesions are unusual entities, even less prevalent in adulthood. It represents a possible delay in diagnosis and an increased rate of complications. Early suspicion of the condition is required to make an accurate diagnosis since it is a potentially treatable lesion with a high risk of sequelae without surgical treatment.
Case Report: PROS1 (p.Leu584Arg) pathogenic mutation causes portal and superior mesenteric venous thromboembolism
Authors: Peng Ding, Yuan Zhou, Kai-Chen Zhang, Sheng Li, Kun-Lan Long, Jun Chen, Ying-Jie Chen, Pei-Yang Gao
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: pros1, case report, pathogenic mutation, portal vein thrombosis, protein s deficiency, superior mesenteric vein thrombosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Genetic and acquired risk factors are fundamental to developing venous thromboembolism. Autosomal dominant protein S deficiency caused by pathogenic mutations in the PROS1 gene is a well-known risk factor for thrombophilia.
Case presentation:
We report a 30-year-old male patient who presented to the hospital with portal vein thrombosis. The patient had a history of abdominal pain for one month. Abdominal vascular CT showed venous thrombosis in the portal vein and superior mesenteric vein. He was diagnosed with "portal and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, small bowel obstruction and necrosis, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), hemorrhagic shock." Serum protein S levels were decreased, and gene sequencing revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in PROS1, c.1571T > G (p.Leu584Arg). The patient received anticoagulation therapy with Enoxaparin Sodium and rivaroxaban, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), and ICU treatments. Although the patient had a severe bleeding event during anticoagulation therapy, he recovered well after active treatment and dynamic monitoring of anti-Xa.
Conclusion:
Hereditary protein S deficiency caused by a mutation in the PROS1 gene is the genetic basis of this patient, and Enoxaparin Sodium and rivaroxaban have been shown to be highly effective.
Cement Embolism After Kyphoplasty
Authors: Cade R McGarvey, Ajay Nair, Yusuf Nawras, Jared Oenick, Venkatramana R Vattipally
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: balloon kyphoplasty, kyphoplasty, pce, pulmonary cement embolism, revision balloon kyphoplasty
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kyphoplasty is used for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. The procedure involves inflating a balloon at the compression site; then, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement is added into the space created by the balloon, where it polymerizes, achieving stabilization, with possible expansion of the vertebral angle. The process is guided by X-rays. Complications are rare, especially when compared to vertebroplasty, and one rare complication is pulmonary cement embolism (PCE). Although many cases are likely undetected due to a lack of symptoms, symptomatic cases require treatment, as they can sometimes prove fatal. We present a case of a patient who underwent kyphoplasty and later presented with a PCE. The PCE was diagnosed using X-rays and computed tomography (CT).
Understanding the importance of Gender Action Planning in EC Horizon projects: a case study
Authors: Nicholas Fair, Daniela Kirschberger
Journal: Open Res Eur (2023)
Keywords: gender action, horizon projects, gender equality, gender balance

Against a backdrop of continued gender challenges within the European manufacturing and technology domains, and wider society in general, such as gender balance and inequality, the gender pay gap, the glass ceiling/sticky floor, the glass cliff, the invisible woman and the under-representation of women in STEM careers and senior positions, and framed within the latest European Commission guidelines and requirements on equality, diversity and inclusion, this paper will report on the actions and research undertaken by the voluntary Gender Action Planning (GAP) team within a large, multinational, complex Industry4.0 Horizon2020 research and innovation project to try to address gender inequalities and gender balance, as well as to provide safe spaces, supportive communities and raised awareness of gender issues over the four year lifespan of the project. It is hoped that the learning from the GAP team may provide a good exemplar for future Horizon programme proposal submissions where a Gender Plan is now a mandated requirement.
Case report: Cerebral sinus vein thrombosis in VEXAS syndrome
Authors: Michael Zisapel, Estelle Seyman, Jeremy Molad, Hen Hallevi, Michal Mauda-Havakuk, Tali Jonas-Kimchi, Ori Elkayam, Tali Eviatar
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: veaxs syndrome, autoinflammatory disease, case report, cerebral sinus vein thrombosis, tocilizumab (il-6 inhibitor), venous thromboembolism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, and somatic) syndrome is a newly described hemato-inflammatory acquired monogenic entity that presents in adulthood. One of the main features of VEXAS syndrome is a high venous thromboembolism (VTE) burden, with approximately 30-40% experiencing lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and a lower incidence of pulmonary embolism at approximately 10%. To date, VEXAS syndrome has not been associated with rarer forms of VTE such as cerebral sinus vein thrombosis (CSVT) and Budd-Chiari syndrome, which are well-recognized vascular manifestations in Behcet's disease, another autoinflammatory vasculitic disease. Herein, we describe a case of acute severe extensive and fatal CSVT in a patient with VEXAS syndrome. The event occurred during a period of apparently quiescent inflammatory status, while the patient was receiving tocilizumab and a low dose of glucocorticoids. Despite treatment with anticoagulation, high-dose glucocorticoids, endovascular thrombectomy, and intracranial pressure-lowering agents, the patient suffered severe neurologic damage and ultimately succumbed to the condition 3 weeks after the onset of CSVT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of CVST in a patient with VEXAS syndrome.
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy as a Standalone Treatment Modality for Locally Advanced Type B2 Thymoma in an Octogenarian Patient: 45 Gy in 15 Fractions
Authors: Atsuto Katano, Yuki Kasuga, Shingo Ohira, Masanari Minamitani, Hideomi Yamashita
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: definitive treatment, hypofractionation, octogenarian, radiotherapy, thymoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), particularly type B2 thymomas, are rare neoplasms primarily found in the anterior mediastinum. The current therapeutic approach includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, but there is limited research on radiotherapy as a standalone treatment. This case report aims to elucidate the clinical outcomes of hypofractionated radiotherapy as a standalone treatment for locally advanced type B2 thymoma, offering insights into its potential efficacy and role in clinical practice.
Massive 4-Gland Parathyroid Hyperplasia Initially Detected as a Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: Sophie Nicolich-Henkin, Michael B Goldstein, Emma Roellke, John P Bilezikian, Gary D Rothberger
Journal: JCEM Case Rep (2024)
Keywords: adenoma, hyperplasia, primary hyperparathyroidism, sestamibi, ultrasound
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Parathyroid adenoma (PA) and parathyroid hyperplasia (PH) are common causes of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), for which the only definitive treatment is surgery. Abnormalities in the parathyroid glands can be identified with various imaging modalities including ultrasound (US), sestamibi scan (MIBI), 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). While it is not uncommon for parathyroid pathology to be undetected on imaging, this is more typical of low-volume hyperplasia and smaller-sized adenomas. We present the case of a 65-year-old man with PHPT who initially had a solitary parathyroid mass detected by US, but who was ultimately discovered to have massive PH with hyperplastic glands not visualized on US or MIBI. This atypical presentation may help guide providers in decisions on ordering and interpreting various imaging modalities for patients with PHPT. In this case, 4D-CT was the only modality in which large hyperplastic glands were identified, suggesting superior sensitivity. This case also highlights the importance of intraoperative parathyroid hormone testing to aid in diagnostic prediction.
Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Transplanum and Transdorsum Sellar Approach for the Resection of Retroinfundibular Craniopharyngioma With Two-Piece Dural Opening: A Technical Case Report
Authors: Maruf Matmusayev, Gayrat M Kariev, Ulugbek Asadullaev, Kazuhito Takeuchi, Yuichi Nagata, Hideo Harada, Ryuta Saito
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: dural reconstruction, pituitary function, posterior clinoidectomy, retroinfundibular craniopharyngioma, transdorsum sella approach
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The surgical treatment of retroinfundibular craniopharyngiomas is challenging due to their location and the surrounding neurovascular structures. In this report, the transdorsum sellar approach with posterior clinoidectomy, the efficacy of direct cyst puncture, and the suitability of a two-piece dural opening are presented. A 56-year-old male with visual and cognitive disturbances was referred to our hospital. Preoperative CT and MRI demonstrated a mostly cystic lesion with calcifications in the suprasellar and retroinfundibular areas. The imaging findings were suspected craniopharyngioma, and an extended endoscopic endonasal transdorsum sellar approach with posterior clinoidectomy was performed for direct access to the lesion. Two pieces of the dura were opened to prevent postoperative CSF leakage. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. The endoscopic transdorsum sellar approach gives direct access to the posterior cranial fossa. A direct puncture of the cyst without CSF drainage is helpful for large cystic lesions. A two-piece dural opening is easy to suture and can reduce the chance of postoperative CSF leakage.
Beyond the pale: Insights into hypopigmented mycosis fungoides - A case report
Authors: Zauddin Nur Zafirah, Azwanis Abdul Hadi
Journal: Malays Fam Physician (2024)
Keywords: hypopigmentation, mycosis fungoides, skin neoplasm
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, a type of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This report presents the case of a 9-year-old boy with a 2-year history of asymptomatic, hypopigmented skin lesions that were resistant to topical treatment. He was initially treated for a fungal skin infection and had received multiple courses of topical antifungals and steroids but showed no improvement, which led to further evaluation and a referral to a dermatologist. A skin biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis of hypopigmented MF was confirmed through skin histopathology and immunohistochemistry study. His lesions responded well to cycles of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy, showing almost complete clearance after 4 months without any side effects.
Acquired tonsillar herniation related to spontaneous intracranial hypotension: case reports
Authors: Lili Chen, Haijian Wu, Xingyue Hu, Guangyu Ying
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: acquired tonsillar herniation, epidural blood patch, neuroimaging, spontaneous intracranial hypotension, spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leak

Background:
Acquired prolapse of the cerebellar tonsils in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) patients is rare. This study aims to evaluate neuroimaging changes of acquired prolapse of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum in SIH patients due to spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which was treated by targeted epidural blood patches (EBP).
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of 5 cases of SIH with acquired prolapse of the cerebellar tonsils that received targeted EBP in our institution from January 2013 to December 2016.
Results:
Of these SIH patients, all of them suffered from an orthostatic headache. Initial cranial MRI demonstrated descent of the cerebellar tonsils ≥5 mm. Intrathecal gadolinium-enhanced spinal MR myelography and/or spinal MR hydrography were performed to evaluate the level of spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Symptoms were alleviated in all 5 patients after two (n = 4), or three (n = 1) targeted EBP during hospitalization. Follow-up cranial MRI revealed that the descent of cerebellar tonsils was reversed after EBP treatment.
Conclusion:
Acquired tonsillar herniation can occur in patients with SIH and spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Symptoms of these patients may be resolved and radiologic findings may be reversed after EBP treatment.