OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor: an illustrative case and a systematic review
Authors: Caleb P Wilson, Arpan R Chakraborty, Panayiotis E Pelargos, Helen H Shi, Camille K Milton, Sarah Sung, Tressie McCoy, Jo Elle Peterson, Chad A Glenn
Journal: Neurooncol Adv (2020)
Keywords: rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor, case report, systematic review
MeSH terms: Review

Background:
Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors (RGNTs) are rare, low-grade, primary CNS tumors first described in 2002 by Komori et al. RGNTs were initially characterized as a World Health Organization (WHO) grade I tumors typically localized to the fourth ventricle. Although commonly associated with an indolent course, RGNTs have the potential for aggressive behavior.
Methods:
A comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science was performed through November 2019 using the search term "rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor." Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. English, full-text case reports and series with histopathological confirmation were included. Patient demographics, presentations, MRI features, tumor location, treatment, and follow-up of all 130 cases were extracted.
Results:
A 19-year-old man with a history of epilepsy and autism presented with acute hydrocephalus. MRI scans from 2013 to 2016 demonstrated unchanged abnormal areas of cortex in the left temporal lobe with extension into the deep gray-white matter. On presentation to our clinic in 2019, the lesion demonstrated significant progression. The patient's tumor was identified as RGNT, WHO grade I. One hundred thirty patients were identified across 80 studies.
Conclusion:
RGNT has potential to transform from an indolent tumor to a tumor with more aggressive behavior. The results of our systematic review provide insight into the natural history and treatment outcomes of these rare tumors.
Headache in Pregnancy: Preeclampsia and Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Zachary Wood, Sarah Adams, Jefferson Jones Jr
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: acute hemorrhagic stroke, anterior communicating artery aneurysm, cerebral vasospasm, cesarean section (cs), hypertension, idiopathic hypertension, pre-eclampsia, preeclampsia, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Preeclampsia is a type of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that can cause significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hypertension and proteinuria are the keystones of the disease, though systemic end-organ dysfunction may follow. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, with known influences by placental, vascular, renal, and immunological dysfunction. This is a case of preeclampsia complicated by preterm delivery and antepartum intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to aneurysm rupture, presenting as dull headaches and blurry vision, commonly associated with severe features.
Acetabular fracture after cycling related falls: High index of suspicion is required to avoid missing the injury on plain radiographs
Authors: J Swart, M Horak, R de Villiers, C Oberholzer, A Rotunno
Journal: S Afr J Sports Med (2022)
Keywords: cycling, epidemiology, traumatic injuries
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cycling participation as a medium of transport and as a competitive sport has steadily increased in recent decades. Traumatic injuries secondary to falls and collisions occur relatively frequently. Fractures of the hip and pelvis are uncommon with no studies to date reporting their exact incidence in this sport. Injuries specific to the acetabulum are reported even less frequently. We present four cases that highlight the insidious nature of acetabular fractures in cyclists and document their management and recovery. The number of acetabular fractures following falls from bicycles directly onto the lateral hip result in a relatively high number of fractures. Many of these may be missed due to the absence of findings on plain x-ray imaging.It is therefore important to have a high index of suspicion for hip and pelvis fractures when treating cycling related traumatic injuries.
Contraindications to immunotherapy: a global approach
Authors: C Pitsios, M Tsoumani, M B Bilò, G J Sturm, P Rodríguez Del Río, R Gawlik, F Ruëff, G Paraskevopoulos, E Valovirta, O Pfaar, M A Calderón, P Demoly
Journal: Clin Transl Allergy (2019)
Keywords: ace-inhibitor, allergen immunotherapy, asthma, autoimmunity, beta-blocker, contraindications, malignancy, pregnancy, venom hypersensitivity
MeSH terms: Review

Background:
Recommendations on contraindications to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) have been independently developed by National and International Societies/Academies. AIT contraindications are mainly based on case reports, case-series, or experts' opinion, while evidence-based information is limited. The aim of the present review was to describe existing guidelines on contraindications to AIT and to highlight differences between them.
Main body:
An extended review of the literature regarding contraindications to AIT for respiratory allergy and venom hypersensitivity was performed. Furthermore, Societies and Academies registered in the World Allergy Organization and EAACI databases, were asked for additional information. Only AIT guidelines published under official auspicies were included. A large heterogeneity among the various recommendations on contraindications was registered. Common contraindications to most of the guidelines were: lack of adherence, pregnancy before the start of AIT, the use of beta-blockers, certain age groups, uncontrolled asthma, autoimmune diseases and malignancies.
Conclusion:
As new data arise, revisions might soon be needed allowing AIT in the cases of patients treated with ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, in elderly patients and in patients with concomitant autoimmune diseases and neoplasias in remission. The decision to prescribe AIT is always tailor-made, balancing risk vs benefit. Creating globally accepted guidelines would help Allergologists in their decision making.
Treatment process for capillary hemangioma
Authors: Nb Mirbehbahani, A Rashidbaghan
Journal: Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol (2014)
Keywords: hemangioma, interferon alpha, propranolol
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Hemangiomas, usually, present at the first few months of life and are the most common benign tumor in children. There are various therapeutic methods for hemangioma. Capillary hemangioma is a type of hemangiomas. The steps of treatment of a child with capillary hemangioma in Taleghani Hospital of Gorgan, Iran, are reported.
Case report:
In this report, it is described an 18-month-old child with capillary hemangioma on the right side of face. She was presented to the hematologic clinic of Taleghani Hospital of Gorgan. Three drugs, including prednisolon, propranolol and interferon alpha-2b (IFN-α-2b), were used for treating this patient. At the end of treatment, good results were obtained. After that, laser therapy was performed for fading the lesions.
Conclusion:
Prescription of drug was our first choice for treating capillary hemangioma and it had a positive result without any complications. We used propranolol and IFN-α-2b for treating capillary hemangioma because of their better effect on this patient.
Ascending Aortic Wall Fibroelastoma in an Elderly Woman with Dyspnea
Authors: Nausharwan Butt, Asma Gulab, Ji Hyun Yook, Iman Abdulameer Faraj Alsaray, Lovely Chhabra
Journal: Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J (2022)
Keywords: anticoagulation, aortic fibroblastoma, ascending aorta, dyspnea, surgery
MeSH terms: Fibroma / complications, Fibroma / diagnostic imaging, Fibroma / surgery, Heart Neoplasms / complications, Heart Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Heart Neoplasms / surgery, Case Reports, Aged, Aorta / diagnostic imaging, Aorta / surgery, Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve / surgery, Dyspnea / etiology, Female, Humans

Aortic fibroelastoma is an uncommon pathology that is often found incidentally on routine cardiac imaging. The use of multimodality imaging including computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging has led to discovery of further distinguishing features of these lesions that may allow improved differentiation from aortic thrombi. Although most are located on cardiac valves, nonvalvular fibroelastomas have been seen on occasion. Optimal diagnosis and management of incidental aortic fibroelastomas remains debated. We describe a case of nonvalvular aortic fibroelastoma and review current diagnostic and management approaches.
Duodenal adenocarcinoma with skin metastasis as initial manifestation: A case report
Authors: Yixiao Fu, Cuiping Zheng, Jian Huang, Shenghao Wu, Yanyan Dai
Journal: Open Life Sci (2021)
Keywords: case report, cutaneous metastasis, duodenal adenocarcinoma, skin metastasis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Duodenal adenocarcinoma (DA) with skin metastasis as initial manifestation is clinically rare. In this study, we report a rare case of skin metastasis of DA.
Case presentation:
An 84-year-old male patient developed multiple ecchymoses on the trunk and lower extremities. Physical examination showed that the ecchymosis was dark red and had a hard texture, but showed no bulging, rupture, or tenderness. The skin biopsy implied skin metastatic adenocarcinoma. After an endoscopic duodenal biopsy, the patient was finally diagnosed with DA with skin metastasis. The patient received two courses of oral treatment of Tegafur (40 mg, bid d1-d14). However, the patient stopped taking Tegafur because of its poor effect and received Chinese medicine as a replacement treatment. Unfortunately, he was lost to follow-up.
Conclusions:
Early diagnosis of DA metastasis is of significant importance as prognosis of these patients is poor.
Fracture of the Femoral Component Caused by Insufficient Crimping after Modern Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yoichi Ishibashi, Tasuku Mashiba, Masaki Mori, Tetsuji Yamamoto
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fracture of a femoral component after modern unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is very rare. Although this is not the first case on this subject, no study has reported insufficient crimping as the cause of femoral component loosening that led to breakage of a metallic component. A 69-year-old man underwent medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for right medial knee osteoarthritis. His early postoperative course was good; however, the 1-year postoperative radiograph showed an apparent radiolucent line around the femoral component, and he occasionally had right knee pain. However, he had been followed up conservatively because he had been doing well even while doing heavy agricultural work. At 8 years after surgery, because breakage of the femoral component was found, revision surgery was performed using bicruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty. The removed fractured femoral component revealed a thick cement mantle detached from the bone surface. The postoperative course of the patient after the revision surgery was excellent. We suggest that the causes of femoral component breakage include early implant loosening caused by uneven cement crimping of the femoral component to the bone and excessive loading stress as a result of heavy labour.
Development of cutaneous leishmaniasis after leishmania skin test
Authors: Paulo R Machado, Augusto M Carvalho, Gustavo U Machado, Marina L Dantas, Sérgio Arruda
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thirty-year-old female with a previous history of a cutaneous ulcer suspicious of leishmaniasis 20 years ago presented with a new complaint of a depressed papular lesion 8 × 7 mm in the right lower extremity. The lesion was of 10-day duration. Because early cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions may have a non-ulcerated appearance, a Leishmania skin test (LST) was performed on the forearm with a strong positive result (38 × 32 mm). After 8 days, the lesion in the leg, which was diagnosed as folliculitis, completely healed. However, a typical CL ulcer (26 × 24 mm) developed at the LST site. Histopathology of the new lesion did not identifiy parasites, but the findings were consistent with a diagnosis of CL. Further analysis identified amastigotes by immunohistochemical stain. Mononuclear cells harvested from the patient were stimulated with Leishmania antigen and showed high levels of production of both tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ): 2,943 pg/mL and 2,313 pg/mL, respectively. After 40 days of treatment with antimony and pentoxifylline, the ulcer resolved. The development of CL at the LST site suggests a strong Th1 immune response, and it is an in vivo documentation of the role of the host immune response in the pathology of CL. It teaches us that LST should be cautiously, if at all, used in patients with self-healing CL ulcers.
Recurrent pyogenic infections caused by a novel Gln1420* mutation in the C3 gene
Authors: Pedro Simão Coelho, Catarina Gouveia, Marta Valente Pinto, Conceição Neves, Ana Isabel Cordeiro, João Farela Neves
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: c3 deficiency, c3 gene mutation, complement deficiency, primary immunodeficiency, recurrent infections
MeSH terms: Case Reports

C3 is a crucial protein of the complement system. Congenital C3 deficiency is extremely rare and manifests through recurrent, severe infections and should always be considered as a differential diagnosis of recurrent pyogenic infections. We report a case of a patient with a novel C3 gene mutation, responsible for complete C3 deficiency with impaired complement system activation and recurrent infections.
Case report: Recurrent hemobilia due to hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm mimicking gastrointestinal tract bleeding
Authors: Jiaoyang Wang, Lei Yang, Lijun Xu, Lijie Qin, Yanwei Cheng
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: case report, hemobilia, hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm, selective hepatic artery arteriography, upper gastrointestinal bleeding
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemobilia, a rare form of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), is a potentially fatal complication that usually occurs after iatrogenic hepatobiliary trauma. However, hemobilia is clinically challenging to diagnose and often gets too late to diagnose. We herein report a case of recurrent hemobilia due to hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) that was initially misdiagnosed as gastrointestinal tract bleeding. However, the patient was treated successfully with percutaneous coil occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm. This case illustrates that hemobilia can present as a mimic of gastrointestinal tract bleeding, but this is often difficult to diagnose at first glance and often misleads clinicians, especially emergency physicians, into making an incorrect diagnosis. Familiarity with the clinical features of hemobilia can help raise clinical suspicion and facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of hemobilia.
When a Seemingly Harmless Prescription Turns into Toxicity
Authors: Zurab Azmaiparashvili, Kevin Bryan Lo, Nawal Habib, Annie Hsieh
Journal: Case Rep Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Valacyclovir neurotoxicity is commonly seen in the elderly and those with impaired renal function. Differential diagnosis can be challenging as a myriad of medical conditions, including herpes zoster virus associated encephalitis, may present in a similar fashion. We present a case of a 71-year-old male who presented with altered mental status in the setting of recent herpes zoster eruption. His condition was attributed to valacyclovir neurotoxicity, and initiation of appropriate supportive therapy was met with complete resolution of symptoms and normalization of cognitive function.
Case Report on Pleural Empyema Thoracis and Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Chromobacterium violaceum from Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adesola Olalekan, Faith Itua, Bamidele Mutiu, Tenny Egwuatu, Olubukola Akinloye, Bamidele Iwalokun
Journal: Case Rep Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Chromobacterium violaceum has been implicated as an important cause of invasive diseases such as septicaemia in neonates and immune-compromised adults with high risk of misdiagnosis, mistreatment, and poor outcomes. Here, we report three new cases of C. violaceum infections in three different hospitalised patients with empyema thoracis (one case) and urinary tract infections (two cases) in a tertiary Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria, and the diagnosis was confirmed with the MALDI-TOF MS instrument. The patients were admitted and treated with parenteral antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone) and discharged after clinical cure. Clinical and Laboratory findings from this study revealed C. violaceum as an emerging and an "underdiagnosed" pathogen causing human infections in Nigeria with ciprofloxacin identified as an effective empirical treatment. Follow-up of cases treated with microbiologically efficacious antibiotics indicates a good treatment outcome.
Secondary syphilis mimicking tinea cruris in an HIV infected patient: a case report
Authors: Cyntia Yuylana, Muji Iswanty, Idrianti Idrus Paturusi
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: syphilis, case report, mimicking, tinea cruris
MeSH terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage, Penicillin G Benzathine / administration & dosage, Syphilis / diagnosis, Tinea cruris / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, Exanthema / diagnosis, Exanthema / microbiology, HIV Infections / complications, Humans, Injections, Intramuscular, Male, Skin Diseases / diagnosis, Skin Diseases / microbiology, Syphilis / drug therapy, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Penicillin G Benzathine, Syphilis, secondary

Syphilis is known as the great imitator with various clinical presentations which often lead to confusion and misdiagnosis. A 28-year-old male presented with non-pruritic and painless erythematous patches around the anus and scrotum. Initial differential diagnosis with tinea cruris. Fungal examination was negative. Serological tests for syphilis were positive and anti-HIV screening was reactive. A diagnosis of secondary syphilis was established and the patient was given intramuscular injection of 2.4 million unit of benzathine penicillin. The skin lesions improved significantly 1 week after treatment, confirming a diagnosis of secondary syphilis with HIV. Annular skin lesions in secondary syphilis are uncommon and often misleading. This case emphasizes the importance of considering secondary syphilis in the differential diagnosis of annular lesions.
Irreversible Horner's syndrome diagnosed by aproclonidine test due to benign thyroid nodule
Authors: Coskun M, Aydogan A, Gokce C, Ilhan O, Ozkan Ov, Gokce H, Oksuz H
Journal: Pak J Med Sci (2013)
Keywords: aproclonidine, horner’s syndrome, thyroid nodule
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We are reporting an irreversible Horner Syndrome (HS) in a patient with benign thyroid gland nodule in which thyroidectomy was performed for treatment. A 37-year-old female was admitted to our clinic with a swelling in the left lobe of the thyroid gland and ptosis at the left eyelid. The clinical diagnosis of HS was confirmed pharmacologically by aproclonidine. Histopathologic examination of thyroidectomy specimen was reported as benign nodule. To the best of our knowledge, this is a very rare report in terms of thyroid benign nodule associated with irreversible HS due to cervical sympathetic chain compression.
A Curious Case of Dengue Fever: A Case Report of Unorthodox Manifestations
Authors: Raja Shakeel Mushtaque, Syed Masroor Ahmad, Rabia Mushtaque, Shahbano Baloch
Journal: Case Rep Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Dengue is the major cause of arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. It presents with high fever, headache, rash, myalgia, and arthralgia and it is a self-limiting illness. Severe dengue can occur in some cases resulting in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). We present a case of a 32-year-old male patient of high-grade fever, bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhages, swelling on hands and lips, and nasal bleeding. After investigations, he was diagnosed with dengue fever and it was observed that he developed systemic fungal infection secondary to Candida tropicalis infection. The patient's bone marrow biopsy showed hemophagocytic activity. He also developed hepatitis E infection while hepatitis A, B, or C serology profile showed no active infection. The bilateral iliopsoas hematoma was also observed on CT scan manifested by decreased power in bilateral lower limbs and pain in the right leg. The patient was treated in the hospital with antibiotics (ceftriaxone 2 g once daily for 14 days) and antifungal (fluconazole 200 mg per oral initially for one day then 100 mg daily for 13 days) medicines, and his condition improved on discharge. There is evidence of variable presentations of dengue fever after the disease burden is increased, and thus, diagnosing with such manifestations can be very challenging.
Sarcoid of the Upper Humerus Found Incidentally on MR Images Obtained for Work-Up of Rotator Cuff Tear Where Compromised Tissue Quality Was a Concern for Surgical Success
Authors: Tanner R Henrie, John G Skedros
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized histologically by noncaseating granulomas. The pathogenesis likely includes genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. The lungs, skin, and eyes are most commonly affected. Although bone involvement is possible, sarcoidosis of the humerus is rare, with few cases reported. Furthermore, we are unaware of any reports of sarcoidosis of the upper humerus with a coexisting rotator cuff tear. We report the case of a 50-year-old female with sarcoidosis of the humerus and a coexisting tear of the supraspinatus tendon. Her medical history includes type 2 diabetes, depression, and fatigue. She had chronic shoulder pain that worsened after her dog jerked on the leash. Radiographs were grossly normal. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a possible small full-thickness rotator cuff tear. Multiple rounded lesions were also noted within the proximal humerus. A biopsy demonstrated noncaseating granulomas, confirming the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. There was concern that her sarcoid lesions would compromise bone quality, limiting options for surgical repair of her rotator cuff tear. However, it was determined that her lesion did not involve cortical bone, and surgery was performed. During surgery, the supraspinatus tendon was found to be partially torn and was treated with arthroscopic debridement and acromioplasty. An excellent result was ultimately achieved after her rheumatologist started adalimumab injections. This case demonstrates that there can be a rare incidental finding of osseous sarcoid lesions in the upper humerus where the bone might be compromised in the location of a planned rotator cuff repair.
Successful pregnancy after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation
Authors: A Smyth, G Gaffney, D Hickey, D Lappin, D Reddan, F Dunne
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The effect of pregnancy on simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant recipients has previously been described, but experience is limited. We describe the case of a thirty-five-year-old female who previously underwent simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant for type 1 diabetes mellitus-complicated nephropathy. An integrated multidisciplinary team including the transplant team, nephrologist, endocrinologist, and obstetrician closely followed progress during pregnancy. Blood glucose levels and HbA1c remained within normal limits, and she did not require insulin treatment at any point. She experienced deterioration in renal indices and underwent an uncomplicated, elective Caesarean section at thirty-week gestation. She delivered a male infant of 1.18 kg, appropriate for gestational age, who had hypothermia and respiratory distress, which required intubation and ventilation and an eleven-week stay in the special care baby unit. At eighteen-month followup the infant shows normal development, and there has been no deterioration in either grafts' function.