OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Sterile endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide: case report and literature review
Authors: David-Ionuț Beuran, Mioara-Laura Macovei, Cătălin Cornăcel, Ioana Ruxandra Boca
Journal: Rom J Ophthalmol (2024)
Keywords: macular edema, sterile endophthalmitis, triamcinolone acetonide, uveitis
MeSH terms: Cataract, Diabetic Retinopathy, Endophthalmitis / diagnosis, Endophthalmitis / etiology, Macular Edema / diagnosis, Macular Edema / drug therapy, Macular Edema / etiology, Case Reports, Review, Aged, Humans, Intravitreal Injections, Male, Triamcinolone Acetonide / adverse effects, Triamcinolone Acetonide

Objectives: The first purpose is to present the diagnosis and therapeutic approach in a patient with sterile endophthalmitis associated with triamcinolone acetonide injection. The secondary objective is to assess the incidence of this complication and to summarize the risk factors described in the literature. Case presentation: A 76-year-old male patient presented for painless, unilateral, decreased visual acuity, four days after cataract surgery and simultaneously intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for diabetic macular edema in the right eye. The diagnosis of sterile endophthalmitis was made. Eight days after the presentation, the symptoms subsided, the maximum corrected visual acuity reaching that before the procedures. Discussions: The incidence of sterile endophthalmitis varies in the literature between 0% and 23.8%. Visual prognosis is good, although the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Preservatives in injectable solutions have been suggested, however, there are studies in which inflammation was also present with preservative-free products. The particle size of triamcinolone was analyzed, demonstrating an association between smaller particles and an increased frequency of adverse reactions of this type. History of uveitis, posterior capsule rupture following cataract surgery, and Irvine-Gass syndrome are other associations described. Conclusion: The physiopathological mechanism of sterile endophthalmitis is not fully understood. However, the visual prognosis is good, the final vision being dependent on the underlying pathology.
Giant ovarian yolk sac tumor during late pregnancy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Qin Wang, Jianxin Zuo, Chong Liu, Huansheng Zhou, Wenjie Wang, Yankui Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: late pregnancy, malignancy during pregnancy, ovarian cancer, pregnancy with giant ovarian tumors, yolk sac tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The manifestation of a giant ovarian yolk sac tumor during late pregnancy is relatively rare. A yolk sac tumor is a highly malignant germ cell tumor that originates from primitive germ cells. It is characterized by yolk sac differentiation in vitro. The frequency of prenatal examinations should be appropriately increased for ovarian tumors discovered during pregnancy. Furthermore, regular follow-up ultrasound should be performed, and tumor markers should be dynamically detected. If needed, imaging examinations such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging should be combined to comprehensively investigate disease progression. If the tumor diameter and tumor marker levels rapidly increase during pregnancy, the possibility of malignancy increases. Therefore, exploratory laparotomy should be immediately performed to further improve subsequent treatment modalities, early diagnosis, early treatment, and prognosis. Herein, we report the case of a 28-year-old pregnant woman whose pregnancy was terminated at 29 weeks and 5 days. She complained of lower abdominal pain for 2 days. A pelvic mass was detected for 1 week, accompanied by increased levels of tumor markers such as serum alpha-fetoprotein, cancer antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 724, and human epididymis protein 4. Imaging revealed the presence of a pelvic mass. At 32 weeks and 3 days of pregnancy, a cesarean section was performed, with a transverse incision in the lower uterine segment. Furthermore, pelvic adhesiolysis, omentectomy, right adnexectomy, right pelvic lymph node dissection, and pelvic metastasis peritonectomy were performed. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was yolk sac tumors of the ovary (stage IIB). Postoperatively, a five-cycle chemotherapy regimen comprising bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin was administered. During postoperative follow-up, the patient's general condition was noted to be good, with the newborn and pregnant women ultimately achieving good outcomes. We reviewed the relevant literature to increase clinical doctors' understanding of ovarian malignancy during pregnancy, guide treatment selection, and facilitate early intervention for associated diseases.
Tailoring the continuum of care for substance use problems to persons with an Islamic migration background: a co-creative case study
Authors: Aline Pouille, Arafat Bouachiba, Clara De Ruysscher, Freya Vander Laenen, Wouter Vanderplasschen
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: muslim, addiction, co-creative research, migrant, minorities, recovery, substance use treatment

Introduction:
Structural inequity and stigma impose barriers toward substance use prevention and recovery support for persons with an Islamic migration background in non-Islamic majority countries. Similar issues of differential power often keep them silenced in research. Therefore, we explore the continuum of care for substance use problems regarding persons with an Islamic migration background.
Methods:
We draw from a co-creative case study with Arafat, whose lived and professional experiences as a Muslim with a history of problem substance working in the field, were blended with academic literature through the process of 'plugging in'.
Results:
We discuss (1) culturally competent and selective substance use prevention, (2) facilitating access to adequate support services, (3) culturally competent substance use treatment and (4) supporting long-term recovery for persons with an Islamic background from a combined academic, professional and lived experiences perspective.
Discussion:
We discuss the need for tailored interventions that are able to overcome structural inequities and address ethnocultural sensitivities, needs and strengths. Intermediary community organizations, cultural competence of treatment and recovery-oriented systems of care may bridge the gaps between what is needed and what is available. However, it is important to be conscious that hands-on solutions at the personal level do not absolve the responsibility of searching for systemic solutions. Furthermore, awareness of the fine line between cultural competence and culturalization, taking into account the danger of essentializing, othering and overlooking other intersectional traits of diversity, is needed.
Case Series: Pleomorphic adenoma in minor salivary gland
Authors: Meherzi Samia, Khbou Amin, Omri Rihab, Charfi Afifa
Journal: F1000Res (2024)
Keywords: case report, minor salivary gland, pleomorphic adenoma, salivary gland neoplasms
MeSH terms: Adenoma, Pleomorphic / diagnosis, Adenoma, Pleomorphic / pathology, Salivary Gland Neoplasms / diagnosis, Salivary Gland Neoplasms / pathology, Salivary Glands, Minor / pathology, Case Reports, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged

Pleomorphic adenomas (PA) are the most prevalent benign salivary gland neoplasms. They may occur at any age, with a peak incidence between 40 and 60 years of age. They are more commonly observed in females (60%). These tumors can arise in both the major and minor salivary glands. Approximately 80% of these tumors are diagnosed in the parotid gland, whereas 10% arise in the minor salivary glands, mainly affecting the palates, followed by the lips and cheeks. This report describes two cases of unusual lesions that were diagnosed as (PA) in the minor salivary glands in our department via a review of the relevant literature. The first case involved an 83-year-old man who presented with a slow-growing swelling on the right side of the upper lip, and the second case involved a 45-year-old woman who presented with a slow-growing lesion on the palate. The presence of PA was confirmed histopathologically after surgical resection. Although relatively rare, PA is a benign lesion, the diagnosis of which must be known for appropriate therapeutic management.
Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia: A Diagnostic Challenge in a Clinical and Histopathological Context-With Reflections on the Health Reality in Brazil
Authors: Michele Di Benedetto, Gabriela de Figueiredo Meira, Milena Martins da Rocha, Mariel Ruivo Biancardi, Jéssica Barroso Barbosa, Jeconias Câmara, Gerson de Oliveira Paiva Neto, Roberto Luiz de Menezes Martinho, Cássia Maria Fischer Rubira, Silvia Helena de Carvalho Sales Peres
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an aggressive and distinct oral disorder with a high potential for malignant transformation (MT). It presents as multifocal lesions that progress over time and frequently recur, often developing carcinomas. Accurately diagnosing PVL is crucial to distinguish it from other oral mucosa lesions that have a lower risk of cancer progression. However, due to the diverse histological features observed in PVL, identifying clinical criteria and histological patterns that can be applied by unfamiliar professionals is challenging. In this study, we present a case of PVL associated with dysplasia in a 53-year-old female patient. The patient exhibited macular and leukoplakic nonscrapable lesions disseminated throughout the oral cavity, with continuous growth. The diagnosis of PVL was established during an 18-month follow-up. This case highlights the difficulties faced by both clinicians and pathologists in diagnosing PVL, emphasizing the need for careful evaluation and accurate diagnosis, particularly in patients with unusual oral lesions, and highlighting the discrepancies observed in the application of available protocols to our particular case. Distinguishing PVL from similar conditions can be challenging due to overlapping clinical signs and indistinct histopathological features.
Maternal Uniparental Isodisomy of Chromosome 2 Leading to Homozygous Variants in SPR and ZNF142 : A Case Report and Review of the UPD2 Literature
Authors: Janhawi Kelkar, Miriam DiMaio, Deqiong Ma, Hui Zhang
Journal: Glob Med Genet (2024)
Keywords: chromosome 2 uniparental disomy, genomic imprinting, sepiapterin reductase deficiency
MeSH terms: Review

We report a 4-year-old girl with neurodevelopmental abnormalities who has maternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 2 leading to homozygosity for a likely pathogenic variant in SPR , and a variant of uncertain significance in ZNF142 . Biallelic pathogenic variants in SPR lead to sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SRD), a dopa-responsive dystonia. Pathogenic variants in ZNF142 are associated with an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired speech and hyperkinetic movements, which has significant clinical overlap with SRD. Our patient showed dramatic improvement in motor skills after treatment with levodopa. We also reviewed 67 published reports of uniparental disomy of chromosome 2 (UPD2) associated with various clinical outcomes. These include autosomal recessive disorders associated with loci on chromosome 2, infants with UPD2 whose gestations were associated with confined placental mosaicism for trisomy 2 leading to intrauterine growth restriction with good postnatal catchup growth, and normal phenotypes in children and adults with an incidental finding of either maternal or paternal UPD2. These latter reports provide support for the conclusion that genes located on chromosome 2 are not subject to imprinting. We also explore the mechanisms giving rise to UPD2.
Farming non-typical sentient species: ethical framework requires passing a high bar
Authors: Siobhan Mullan, Selene S C Nogueira, Sérgio Nogueira-Filho, Adroaldo Zanella, Nicola Rooney, Suzanne D E Held, Michael Mendl
Journal: J Agric Environ Ethics (2024)
Keywords: farming, livestock, neotropical animals, welfare, wildlife

More widespread farming of species not typically used as livestock may be part of a sustainable approach for promoting human health and economic prosperity in a world with an increasing population; a current example is peccary farming in the Neotropics. Others have argued that species that are local to a region and which are usually not farmed should be considered for use as livestock. They may have a more desirable nutrient profile than species that are presently used as livestock. It may also reduce the pressure from hunting on other wild species, and cause less environmental damage than exotic species. We propose a sentiocentric utilitarian framework that could be used to decide whether species that are local, but generally not used as livestock, should be farmed. To illustrate the use of our decision-making framework, we employ two contrasting neotropical case studies: the Spotted Paca (Cuniculus paca) and the Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). We argue that it may be acceptable to use non-sentient species that are typically not farmed as livestock. However, research should determine whether farming them offers human, environmental or sustainability benefits. In addition, we recommend that if invertebrate species are considered for farming, research should be conducted to determine the likelihood that they are sentient. Finally, given the ethical failings of current livestock farming practices, we argue that a high bar must be met if 'new' species that are sentient are to be farmed.
Case Report: Immune dysregulation associated with long-lasting regression of a (pre)leukemic clone
Authors: Joost B Koedijk, Thomas B van Beek, Marijn A Vermeulen, Lennart A Kester, Elizabeth K Schweighart, Stefan Nierkens, Mirjam E Belderbos, C Michel Zwaan, Katja M J Heitink-Pollé, Olaf Heidenreich
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia, case report, childhood, immune-mediated, spontaneous remission
MeSH terms: Bone Marrow, Leukemia, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adolescent, Clone Cells, Humans, Male

Regression of leukemia in the absence of disease-modifying therapy remains poorly understood, although immunological mechanisms are thought to play a role. Here, we present a unique case of a 17-year-old boy with immune dysregulation and long-lasting regression of a (pre)leukemic clone in the absence of disease-modifying therapy. Using molecular and immunological analyses, we identified bone marrow features associated with disease control and loss thereof. In addition, our case reveals that detection of certain fusion genes with hardly any blasts in the bone marrow may be indicative of an accompanying oncogenic fusion gene, with implications for disease surveillance- and management in future patients.
The first report of Staphylococcus argenteus endocarditis with visualized valve vegetations
Authors: Ebba Hillstedt, Magnus Dencker, Bo Nilson, Karl Oldberg, Magnus Rasmussen
Journal: IDCases (2024)
Keywords: bacteremia, echocardiography, endocarditis, infective endocarditis, sepsis, staphylococcus argenteus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Staphylococcus argenteus was recently defined as a species and has previously often been mistaken for Staphylococcus aureus due to the difficulties of conventional laboratory methods to distinguish the two species. The clinical presentation of infections caused by S. argenteus is largely unknown, and its virulence has since the definition of the species been debated. Here we present, to our knowledge, the first case of infective endocarditis due to S. argenteus with valve vegetations visualized on echocardiography. The 74-year-old male patient with biological aortic valve prothesis presented with a rapid onset of diffuse symptoms and his condition hastily deteriorated to septic shock followed by several complications such as intracranial septic emboli, severe heart failure, and intracardiac thrombus. After conservative treatment and management of the multiple complications, the patient recovered and was eventually discharged to his original housing situation.
Case report: A frameshift mutation in CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy and retinopathy
Authors: Yizhe Cheng, Xinyu Liu, Limei Sun, Xiaoyan Ding
Journal: Front Genet (2023)
Keywords: clcn2 gene, leukoencephalopathies, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, retinal degeneration
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Leukoencephalopathy and visual impairment have been linked to loss-of-function mutations in the CLCN2 gene (MIM #600570). However, the ocular features caused by the CLCN2 mutations remain poorly understood and seldom reported. This study aims to present a novel mutation and characterize the ocular phenotype in a Chinese female diagnosed with CLCN2-related leukoencephalopathy (CC2L), also known as leukoencephalopathy with ataxia (LKPAT; MIM #615651). Case presentation: A 20-year-old Chinese female presented with bilateral blurred vision persisting for 2 years, which had worsened over the past 6 months. Ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral post-capsular cataracts, macular retinal atrophy, and peripheral retinal pigmentation. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) showed bilateral choroidal capillary atrophy, loss of the outer retinal layer, and a novel noteworthy sign of vacuole-like vitreoretinopathy. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging confirmed leukoencephalopathy. Genetic testing identified a novel homozygous pathogenic c.1382_1386del (p.P461Lfs*13) mutation in exon 13 of the CLCN2 gene. Conclusion: This case report expands the knowledge of CLCN2 mutations and their associated ocular manifestations in patients with CC2L. The identified ophthalmic features may serve as crucial indicators for early diagnosis in individuals with CC2L, especially in the absence of evident neurological symptoms.
Adherence and Satisfaction With Intensive Physiotherapy Treatment During Ongoing Chemotherapy Sessions in Patients With Chest Wall Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Vaishnavi M Thakre, Vrushali Athawale, Tejaswini Fating
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: case report, chemotherapy, chest wall, ewings sarcoma, physiotherapy, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a highly fatal bone and soft tissue cancer that predominantly impacts adolescents and children. Primary ES can occasionally manifest as a tumour on the chest wall. Treatment typically consists of radiation, local surgery, and polychemotherapy, all of which have acute and chronic side effects that can detrimentally affect survivors' quality of life (QOL). In this case study, we discussed the case of a 19-year-old female who came with chief complaints of chest pain, swelling on the right side of her neck, difficulty breathing, and pain in her right shoulder radiating to her right arm and forearm for one year. She was diagnosed with ES of the chest wall and underwent chemotherapy treatment for the same at our tertiary care hospital. Our aim was to find out the role of physiotherapy, considering the radiological, pathological, and clinical aspects of the disease while the patient is undergoing chemotherapy sessions, which has been highlighted and found to be effective in increasing satisfaction levels, adherence to the treatment, improving muscle strength, lung function, and overall QOL.
Spontaneous Pregnancy after 4D-Hysterosalpingo-Sonography (HyCoSy) in the Same Menstrual Cycle: A Case Report and an Updating Review of the Current Literature regarding the Positive Impact of Tubal Flushing Effect on Fertility
Authors: Francesco Bisogni, Francesco Galanti, Serena Riccio, Simona Ghanitab, Stefania Polletta, Valentina Annesi, Domenico Antonaci, Andrea Rago, Michele Carlo Schiavi, Vincenzo Spina, Rocco Rago
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Infertility is increasing worldwide, as well as in Italy, and fallopian tube pathology represents one of the most impacting causes of infertility for multiple women. Indeed, tubal patency assessment is a crucial step in medical evaluation for women attending an in vitro fertilization (IVF) center. Currently, different methods for tubal investigation are available, such as chromosalpingoscopy, hysterosalpingography (HSG), and hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy). This diagnostic exam is performed by ultrasonography and an air-water-based contrast agent represented by air-water, or foam solution (HyFoSy). An additional side benefit of these assessment tests is a fertility-enhancing effect, thanks to a positive effect defined as "tubal flushing," which in current literature is more strongly associated with HyFoSy with respect to HyCoSy. In this report, we present a case of a 34-year-old woman presented to our attention at the Reproductive and Physiopathology Unit of Sandro Pertini Hospital, Rome, in 2023, with unexplained infertility for 3.1 years of free sexual intercourse with a partner who did not report sperm abnormalities. Subsequently, in this exam, the woman spontaneously conceived in the same menstrual cycle that the 4D-HyCoSy was performed, without any additional fertility enhancement interventions. In this case report, we also include an updating review of the current literature regarding the insurgence of spontaneous pregnancy after this technique in order to explore the physiopathological and etiopathogenetic mechanisms underlying the achievement of spontaneous pregnancy and to confront our case with other recent works published. According to our clinical experience and the current literature, 4D-HyCoSy is the easiest, safest, and cheapest diagnostic exam for investigating tubal patency, which can lead to medical success in some cases of "unexplained infertility" as the achievement of a spontaneous pregnancy.
Standing the test of time: total aortic remodeling 13 years after TEVAR for acute type B aortic dissection
Authors: Matthias Niklas Hagedorn, Katrin Meisenbacher, Denis Skrypnik, Moritz Sebastian Bischoff, Dittmar Böckler
Journal: Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg (2024)
Keywords: descending aorta, endovascular treatment/therapy, long-term follow-up, thoracic endovascular aortic repair, type b dissection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Long-term outcome after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of acute type B aortic dissection (aTBAD) is still underreported in current literature. This case report shows persistence of aortic remodeling without secondary complication or need of reintervention 13 years after TEVAR. A 45-year-old woman was referred to the emergency room with aTBAD. Due to early diameter progression in combination with therapy-refractory pain and uncontrolled hypertension, TEVAR was performed. Hereafter, the patient showed complete remodeling of the descending thoracic aorta without persistent false lumen perfusion in this segment and with stable true and false lumen diameter in the untreated abdominal segment for a 13-year period. No aortic-related reintervention was needed. With contemporary devices and adapted therapy, TEVAR seems able to treat complex thoracic disease. Long-term follow-up (FU) is mandatory to monitor the efficacy and durability of endovascular treatment in aortic disease.