OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Giant abdomino scrotal hydrocele: a case report with literature review
Authors: Abdelfattah Latabi, Mohammed Amine Lakmichi, Zakaria Dahami, Mohammed Said Moudouni, Ismail Sarf
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2018)
Keywords: abdominal scrotal hydrocele, scrotal approach, urinary symptoms
MeSH terms: Abdomen / pathology, Scrotum / pathology, Testicular Hydrocele / diagnosis, Case Reports, Review, Adolescent, Humans, Laparotomy / methods, Male, Testicular Hydrocele / pathology, Testicular Hydrocele / surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods, Ultrasonography / methods

Abdomino scrotal hydrocele (ASH) is a condition in which the hydrocele sac is extended beyond the scrotum to the abdomen via the inguinal canal. The treatment is ordinarily surgical. Different approaches have been described like paramedian laparotomy, an inguinal or inguino scrotal approach. We report a case of giant unilateral hydrocele in an 18 year old male, occupying a large part of the abdomen with urinary symptoms. Ultrasonography and CT showed typical cystic mass in hourglass shape that we have approached surgically by scrotal incision and we removed all the cyst. Pathological examination found a hydrocele with no signs of malignancy. Urinary symptoms disappeared postoperatively. This is a rare entity that evolves often painless and little reported in the literature. The etiology and pathogenesis of this disease is discussed.
Extramedullary Acute Myeloid Leukemia Tumor Presenting in the Radial Nerve
Authors: Nico Hustings, Veerle Goosens, Geert Vanderschueren
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2022)
Keywords: acute, extramedullary, leukemia, mri, myeloid, nerve, radial, tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching Point: Extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia tumor belongs to the differential diagnosis when a tumor develops in a patient with a history of leukemia, and magnetic resonance imaging is of diagnostic value by demonstrating iso-intensity and hyperintensity compared to skeletal muscle respectively on T1- and T2-weighted images and homogeneous contrast enhancement.
Intramural Esophageal Hematoma Mimicking Acute Coronary Syndrome: Complication of Warfarin Use in a Mechanical Heart Valve Patient
Authors: Toktam Alirezaei, Rana Irilouzadian, Ali Pirsalehi, Sayyed Mojtaba Nekooghadam
Journal: Case Rep Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 59-year-old female with a history of mitral valve replacement presented to emergency department, complaining of sudden-onset retrosternal chest pain since 4 hours ago. Electrocardiogram, laboratory tests, and computed tomography (CT) angiography of aorta were performed and ruled out aortic dissection and cardiovascular events. However, new complaint of odynophagia, dysphagia, and incidental findings in CT angiography proposed esophageal pathologies. After initial workup including upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, intramural esophageal hematoma was diagnosed. Laboratory tests revealed significant reduction in the hemoglobin level. Management of warfarin-induced major bleeding in a patient whom anticoagulation was necessary for the prevention of mechanical heart valve thrombosis was challenging. The patient recovered fully with conservative treatment and was discharged on hospital day 14 with low molecular weight heparin. We described a case of intramural esophageal hematoma as a rare condition that could be misdiagnosed as a cardiovascular emergent disease and would be worsened by antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy. Accordingly, it is important to differentiate intramural esophageal hematoma from cardiac ischemic events. Another challenge was correction of coagulation in the presence of mechanical mitral valve. Fortunately, we had a favorable outcome following conservative management.
Intracranial hemorrhage with concurrent aortic dissection
Authors: Amro Abdelrahman, Moayad Elgassim, Anas M Babiker, Waseem Umer, Amina Ahmed, Mohamed Elgassim
Journal: Radiol Case Rep (2022)
Keywords: aortic dissection, ct scan, ich, intracranial hemorrhage
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aortic dissection is a rare yet lethal condition that is often missed. Presenting symptoms often include chest pain, abdominal pain, or loss of consciousness. Rarely is it asymptomatic, and the concurring symptoms may draw attention away from the dissection. We present a case of a 51-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with sudden onset of slurred speech and right-sided weakness. The CT scan showed a basal ganglia hemorrhage. However, during the scan, the radiologist incidentally found some aortic changes and recommended an ECG-gated CT scan of the thorax, which revealed a Stanford type B aortic dissection. We aim to shed light on patients presenting with neurological findings and conclude to have aortic dissection to increase awareness and facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment.
Therapeutical solutions for non-malignant eso-bronchial fistulas
Authors: N Galie, V Grigorie
Journal: J Med Life (2009)
MeSH terms: Bronchial Fistula / surgery, Esophageal Fistula / surgery, Case Reports, Aged, Bronchial Fistula / diagnosis, Bronchoscopy, Child, Esophageal Fistula / diagnosis, Esophagoscopy, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Surgical Procedures / methods

We assessed the efficacy of surgical treatment for the patients with eso-respiratory fistulas. The following cases revealed the anesthesic and surgical difficulties, and also intraoperative and postoperative complications that can occur when the esophageal contents get into the respiratory system. In these situations, therapy must be adapted according to fistula's topography and etiology, and also to patients' biological conditions.
A unique set of complex chromosomal abnormalities in an infant with myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome
Authors: Daiane Correa de Souza, Amanda Faria de Figueiredo, Daniela R Ney Garcia, Elaine Sobral da Costa, Moneeb A K Othman, Thomas Liehr, Eliana Abdelhay, Maria Luiza Macedo Silva, Teresa de Souza Fernandez
Journal: Mol Cytogenet (2017)
Keywords: complex karyotype, down syndrome, molecular cytogenetic, myeloid leukemia, prognosis, unreported chromosomal abnormalities
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have an enhanced risk of developing acute leukemia, with the most common subtype being acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). Myeloid leukemia in Down syndrome (ML-DS) is considered a disease with distinct clinical and biological features. There are few studies focusing on the clonal cytogenetic changes during evolution of ML-DS.
Case presentation:
Here, we describe a complex karyotype involving a previously unreported set of chromosomal abnormalities acquired during progression of ML-DS in an infant boy: derivative der(1)t(1;15)(q24;q23), translocation t(4;5)(q26;q33) and derivative der(15)t(7;15)(p21;q23). Different molecular cytogenetic probes and probesets including whole chromosome painting (WCP) and locus specific probes, as well as, multicolor-FISH and multicolor chromosome banding (MCB) were performed in order to characterize the chromosomal abnormalities involved in this complex karyotype. The patient was treated according to the acute myeloid leukemia-Berlin-Frankfurt-Munich-2004 (AML-BFM 2004) treatment protocol for patients with Down syndrome; however, he experienced a poor clinical outcome.
Conclusion:
The molecular cytogenetic studies performed, allowed the characterization of novel chromosomal abnormalities in ML-DS and possible candidate genes involved in the leukemogenic process. Our findings suggest that the complex karyotype described here was associated with the poor prognosis.
Laparoscopic resection of two inflammatory fibroid polyps: An unusual cause of jejunojejunal intussusception
Authors: Ki Bum Park, Ye Seob Jee, Dong-Wook Kim
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: inflammatory fibroid polyp, intussusception, laparoscopic surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) are rare, clinically benign tumors that can present as an intussusception causing intestinal obstruction.
Presentation of case:
We present a rare case of a 23-year-old man who suffered from intussusception caused by two IFPs. The patient complained of aggravated squeezing epigastric pain that prompted him to visit the emergency department. Moderate abdominal distention with mild tenderness was noted without signs of peritonitis. Abdominal computed tomography confirmed the presence of intussusception in the left lower quadrant. During laparoscopic surgery, the intussuscepted segment of the jejunum was identified, after which laparoscopic small bowel resection and anastomosis were performed. The patient was subsequently discharged without postoperative complications.
Discussion:
IFPs are rare, clinically benign tumors of the gastrointestinal tract originating from the submucosa. IFPs can present as an intussusception causing intestinal obstruction.
Conclusion:
Surgical resection is the optimal treatment method for IFPs accompanied by intussusception.
A Case of Pituitary Apoplexy and Cavernous Sinus Syndrome during Hemodialysis
Authors: Yusra Jamal, Yudi Camacho, Simon Hanft, Patrick Chiarolanzio, Michael D Goldberg, Jamie A Mullally
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a clinical syndrome of pituitary hemorrhage or infarction and can result in hypopituitarism as well as compression of adjacent brain structures. Visual loss occurs frequently, as a result of tumor expansion and compression of the optic chiasm and optic nerves. Additionally, with pituitary tumor invasion into the fixed space of the cavernous sinus, compression of multiple cranial nerves can result in cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS). We describe a case of an undiagnosed pituitary tumor manifesting as abrupt PA with CSS during hemodialysis (HD). Clinical Case. A 77-year-old male with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) presented with acute onset of severe headache, decreased vision, ophthalmoplegia of the left eye, and hypotension during HD. MRI of the brain revealed a 2.5 cm pituitary adenoma with acute hemorrhage, compression of the left prechiasmatic optic nerve, and invasion into the left cavernous sinus (CS). The hormonal profile was consistent with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. The patient was treated with glucocorticoids and underwent transsphenoidal resection of the tumor. He had an uneventful postoperative hospital course, and his left visual acuity stabilized, although there was no immediate improvement in his other ocular symptoms.
Conclusion:
Our case highlights a rare constellation of a pituitary adenoma with CS invasion complicated by PA and CSS during HD. The pathophysiology of PA is not well understood, and there are very limited data regarding PA in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on HD. Prompt recognition of PA in a patient presenting with CSS, particularly in the HD setting, is essential to ensure appropriate care is provided for this medical emergency.
Compartment Syndrome of the Hand: A Little Thought about Diagnosis
Authors: Eric F Reichman
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2016)

Compartment syndrome of the forearm is a well described entity but there have been relatively few case reports in the emergency medicine literature of hand compartment syndromes (HCS). Prompt recognition and treatment of this potential limb threat are essential to minimize morbidity and mortality. Presented is a case of a documented hand compartment syndrome following a motor vehicle collision.
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis as a Rare Dermatologic Extraintestinal Manifestation of Ulcerative Colitis in an Elderly Patient with Positive PR3-ANCA
Authors: Jacky Ng, David Zezoff, Hanadi Abou Dargham
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that in rare cases may develop extraintestinal manifestations. This case report aims to add to the limited clinical data on leukocytoclastic vasculitis and possible ANCA-associated vasculitis as rare cutaneous and rheumatologic extraintestinal manifestations of IBD, particularly in elderly patients. Our case involves a 79-year-old male with a history of mild-moderate ulcerative colitis on oral mesalamine 2.4 g daily and pyoderma gangrenosum who presented with recurrent bilateral polyarthralgia, joint swelling, diffuse lower extremity purpura, acute kidney injury, and scrotal rash. Autoimmune titers were significant for positive ANA and PR3-ANCA. Biopsy of purpuric lesions demonstrated findings suggestive of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The patient was promptly treated with pulse-dose methylprednisolone for 3 days with rapid improvement of symptoms.
Isolated Oral Mucosal Zoster With Facial Palsy: A Case Report
Authors: Hüsna Güder, Aziz A Hamidi, Nilgun Cinar
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: acute pain, facial palsy, herpes zoster virus, oral diseases, oral ulcer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Herpes zoster (HZ) is an infection characterized by the appearance of unilateral painful vesicular lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. Facial paralysis is one of the complications of HZ. The diagnosis of HZ can be easily missed when there is no lesion on the skin. We present a rare case with isolated oral mucosal lesions accompanied by facial palsy.
'Opening up the mind': problem-solving therapy delivered by female lay health workers to improve access to evidence-based care for depression and other common mental disorders through the Friendship Bench Project in Zimbabwe
Authors: Melanie Abas, Tarryn Bowers, Ethel Manda, Sara Cooper, Debra Machando, Ruth Verhey, Neha Lamech, Ricardo Araya, Dixon Chibanda
Journal: Int J Ment Health Syst (2016)
Keywords: common mental disorders, depression, evidence-based intervention, friendship bench, low income countries, problem-solving therapy, zimbabwe

Background:
There are few accounts of evidence-based interventions for depression and other common mental disorders (CMDs) in primary care in low-income countries. The Friendship Bench Project is a collaborative care mental health intervention in primary care in Harare for CMDs which began as a pilot in 2006.
Case presentation:
We employed a mixture of quantitative and qualitative approaches to investigate the project's acceptability and implementation, 4-8 years after the initial pilot study. We carried out basic descriptive analyses of routine data on attendance collected between 2010 and 2014. We also conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs) with LHWs in 2013 and 12 in-depth interviews, six with staff and six with patients, to explore experiences of the intervention, which we analysed using grounded theory. Results show that the intervention appears highly acceptable as evidenced by a consistent number of visits between 2010 and 2014 (mean 505 per year, SD 132); by the finding that the same team of female community LHWs employed as government health promoters continue to deliver assessment and problem-solving therapy, and the perceived positive benefits expressed by those interviewed. Clients described feeling 'relieved and relaxed' after therapy, and having their 'mind opened', and LHWs describing satisfaction from being agents of change. Characteristics of the LHWs (status in the community, maturity, trustworthiness), and of the intervention (use of locally validated symptom screen, perceived relevance of problem-solving therapy) and continuity of the LHW team appeared crucial. Challenges to implementation included the LHWs ongoing need for weekly supervision despite years of experience; the supervisors need for supervision for herself; training needs in managing suicidal and hostile clients; poor documentation; lack of follow-up of depressed clients; and poor access to antidepressants.
Conclusions:
This case study shows that a collaborative care intervention for CMDs is positively received by patients, rewarding for LHWs to deliver, and can be sustained over time at low cost. Next steps include evaluation of the impact of the intervention through a randomised trial, and testing of a technological platform for supporting supervision and monitoring clients' attendance.
A case of noncompaction at all segments of both right and left ventricles
Authors: Ali Pourmoghaddas, Reihaneh Zavar, Mohaddeseh Behjati
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2014)

Background. Noncompaction/hypertrabeculation left ventricle (NCM/HVM) is most commonly reported in one or more segments of left ventricle and sometimes both ventricles. In this case, we present noncompaction of all segments of right and left ventricle, in a young man with mental retardation. Case Presentation. A 19-year-old male was referred to us with sudden dyspnea at rest and chest discomfort. He was a known case of mental retardation. He was born full term with birth weight = 1250 grams. On physical examination. A systolic murmur (II/VI) at left sternal border was heard. ECG showed increased voltage in precordial lead and deep ST segment depression. Chest X-ray (CXR) was within normal limits. Transthoracic echocardiography showed situs solitus, D loop, normal connection of great vessels, noncompaction LV at all segments (noncompaction/compaction = 2.5/0.5) with moderate systolic dysfunction (LVEF = 40%), diastolic dysfunction grade II, normal RV size with mild systolic dysfunction and hypertrabeculation, mild tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and normal pulmonary artery systolic pressure. After injection of agitated saline some bubbles were passed from right to left through patent foramen oval (PFO). Conclusions. Extensive sinusoid formation and trabeculation of RV and nearby all LV segments and its association with mental retardation suggest presence of strong genetic background.
Case Report: A Homozygous Mutation (p.Y62X) of Phospholipase D3 May Lead to a New Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome
Authors: Yi-Hui Liu, Hai-Feng Zhang, Jie-Yuan Jin, Yan-Qiu Wei, Chen-Yu Wang, Liang-Liang Fan, Lv Liu
Journal: Front Aging Neurosci (2021)
Keywords: homozygous mutation, pld3, chronic kidney disease, hearing and vision loss, leukoencephalopathy, white matter lesions
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Leukodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders with highly variable clinical manifestations and pathogenetic backgrounds. At present, variants in more than 20 genes have been described and may be responsible for different types of leukodystrophies. Members of the phospholipase D family of enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids. Meanwhile, phospholipase D3 (PLD3) has also been found to exhibit single stranded DNA (ssDNA) acid 5' exonuclease activity. Variants in phospholipase D3 (PLD3) may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and spinocerebellar ataxia, but this hypothesis has not been fully confirmed. In this study, we identified a novel homozygous mutation (NM_012268.3: c.186C>G/ p.Y62X) of PLD3 in a consanguineous family with white matter lesions, hearing and vision loss, and kidney disease by whole exome sequencing. Real-time PCR revealed that the novel mutation may lead to non-sense-mediated messenger RNA (mRNA) decay. This may be the first case report on the homozygous mutation of PLD3 in patients worldwide. Our studies indicated that homozygous mutation of PLD3 may result in a novel leukoencephalopathy syndrome with white matter lesions, hearing and vision loss, and kidney disease.
Combined Acetabulum Fracture and Hip Dislocation in an 18-Year-Old Female at 35-Week Gestation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Joseph R Young, Lauren Vignaly, Jeremy Carroll, Phillip Ross, Benjamin Villacres Mori, Cory M Czajka
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Caring for an injured, pregnant patient can be a management challenge. We report the case of an 18-year-old female who sustained a left acetabulum fracture with a concurrent hip dislocation at 35 weeks' gestation following a motor vehicle accident. Through an interdisciplinary, team-based approach, the patient was guided through obstetric delivery and orthopedic surgical fracture fixation without complication. By being familiar with the unique challenges in management posed by pregnant patients, orthopedic surgeons can be better equipped to minimize morbidity and mortality in this patient population while maximizing clinical outcomes.
Management of Liddle Syndrome in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Michael Awadalla, Manasi Patwardhan, Adham Alsamsam, Nashat Imran
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Liddle syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that causes hypertension and hypokalemia due to a gain-of-function mutation in the SCNN1B or SCNN1G genes which code for the epithelial sodium channel in the kidney. This leads to increased sodium and water reabsorption causing hypertension. We report a case of a 27-year-old pregnant woman who was admitted for hypertension and hypokalemia and later diagnosed and treated for Liddle syndrome using amiloride. Maintaining a high suspicion of Liddle syndrome in pregnancy is essential in such cases to be able to adequately and effectively treat the hypertension. Due to physiological effects of pregnancy, the dose of amiloride may need to be increased as gestational age progresses up to a maximum dose of 30 mg orally per day.
CT-Guided Aspiration of a Hemorrhagic Tarlov Cyst for the Treatment of a Post-Partum Sciatica: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Nicolas Serratrice, Sarkis Taifour, Christian Attieh, Joe Faddoul, Bilal Tarabay, Yassine Yachou, Moussa A Chalah, Samar S Ayache, Georges Naïm Abi Lahoud
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: aspiration, computed tomography guidance, perineurial cyst, puncture, sciatica, tarlov cyst
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Tarlov or perineural cysts are dilations of nerve roots resulting from a pathologically increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Although it is very common in the general population, most of these cysts remain asymptomatic. In some cases, they can evolve and exert pressure on neural elements, independently from their initial size.
Case report:
In this paper, we describe the case of a 33-year-old female known to have asymptomatic multiple and large radicular and pelvic Tarlov cysts. One cyst located in the right pelvic space progressed acutely after delivery, inducing a painful sciatica without neurological deficit. The intracystic bleeding can be a direct consequence of the delivery, leading to an acute and mechanical local compression of the right S1 root. A CT-guided puncture and aspiration allowed a complete recovery. This case report was completed by a review of the literature of these rare intracystic Tarlov bleedings.
Conclusions:
Intracystic hemorrhage is a rare complication of Tarlov cysts. Delivery-induced cyst bleeding was not described before. Patients known to have large and multiple Tarlov cysts should be monitored in post-partum, as their presence is considered a risk factor. Percutaneous cyst aspiration seems to be an effective and safe treatment to relieve symptoms.
Juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma of the posterior fossa: a case report and review
Authors: Carlos Cotúa Quintero, Anwar Saab Mazzei, Juan Revuelta Barbero, Avelino Parajon Diaz, Luis Ley Urzaiz
Journal: Springerplus (2016)
Keywords: fibroma, occipital, ossifying, psammoma, tumor

Background:
Ossifying fibroma is a rare benign bone tumor that occurs mostly in the jaw, but also affects paranasal sinuses and fronto-ethmoidal complex. Occipital bone is an extremely rare location for these tumors; only two cases have been reported.
Methods:
We present the first case reported as psammomatoid subtype of ossifying fibroma, according to the 2005 WHO classification. An 18 years old male patient with infratentorial tumor, in the occipital bone, that produces mass effect over the cerebellum.
Conclusions:
This case may provide a guide to consider these lesions for a more rapid and precise diagnostic in future cases.