OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Electrical stimulation mapping in the medial prefrontal cortex induced auditory hallucinations of episodic memory: A case report
Authors: Qiting Long, Wenjie Li, Wei Zhang, Biao Han, Qi Chen, Lu Shen, Xingzhou Liu
Journal: Front Hum Neurosci (2022)
Keywords: auditory processing, case report, default mode network, electrical stimulation mapping, episodic memory retrieval, high gamma activity
MeSH terms: Case Reports

It has been well documented that the auditory system in the superior temporal cortex is responsible for processing basic auditory sound features, such as sound frequency and intensity, while the prefrontal cortex is involved in higher-order auditory functions, such as language processing and auditory episodic memory. The temporal auditory cortex has vast forward anatomical projections to the prefrontal auditory cortex, connecting with the lateral, medial, and orbital parts of the prefrontal cortex. The connections between the auditory cortex and the prefrontal cortex thus help in localizing, recognizing, and comprehending external auditory inputs. In addition, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is believed to be a core region of episodic memory retrieval and is one of the most important regions in the default mode network (DMN). However, previous neural evidence with regard to the comparison between basic auditory processing and auditory episodic memory retrieval mainly comes from fMRI studies. The specific neural networks and the corresponding critical frequency bands of neuronal oscillations underlying the two auditory functions remain unclear. In the present study, we reported results of direct cortical stimulations during stereo-electro-encephalography (SEEG) recording in a patient with drug-resistant epilepsy. Electrodes covered the superior temporal gyrus, the operculum and the insula cortex of bilateral hemispheres, the prefrontal cortex, the parietal lobe, the anterior and middle cingulate cortex, and the amygdala of the left hemisphere. Two types of auditory hallucinations were evoked with direct cortical stimulations, which were consistent with the habitual seizures. The noise hallucinations, i.e., "I could hear buzzing noises in my head," were evoked with the stimulation of the superior temporal gyrus. The episodic memory hallucinations "I could hear a young woman who was dressed in a red skirt saying: What is the matter with you?," were evoked with the stimulation of MPFC. The patient described how she had met this young woman when she was young and that the woman said the same sentence to her. Furthermore, by analyzing the high gamma power (HGP) induced by direct electrical stimulation, two dissociable neural networks underlying the two types of auditory hallucinations were localized. Taken together, the present results confirm the hierarchical processing of auditory information by showing the different involvements of the primary auditory cortex vs. the prefrontal cortex in the two types of auditory hallucinations.
Refractory Paraneoplastic Diarrhea Secondary to Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lauren Howdershelt, Michael J Forte, Rahul G Sangani
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Paraneoplastic diarrhea is a commonly described complication of gastrointestinal tract or endocrine malignancies. It is an extremely rare complication of lung adenocarcinoma, with only one previously reported case in the literature. A 46-year-old female with newly diagnosed stage IVb lung adenocarcinoma presented to our intensive care unit in hypovolemic shock with symptoms suggestive of diabetes insipidus (DI) as well as profuse large volume watery diarrhea. Exhaustive serological and microbiological workup revealed the diarrhea to be paraneoplasitc in nature. This case represents the second known case of paraneoplastic diarrhea secondary to lung adenocarcinoma. Clinicians should be aware of this rare phenomenon.
Primary Villoglandular Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Vulva
Authors: Akiko Matsuzaki, Masanao Saio, Noritake Kosuge, Hajime Aoyama, Tomoko Tamaki, Hirofumi Matsumoto, Naoki Yoshimi
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary villoglandular mucinous adenocarcinoma of the vulva is rare tumor. We report a case of 68-year-old woman who developed this very uncommon malignant tumor. Immunohistochemical examination of this tumor revealed positive staining for Cytokeratin 20, Mucin 2, and CDX2, although Cytokeratin 7 and Mucin 6 were negative. This positive staining indicated the tumor enteric type characters. In order to exclude the possibility of the metastasis from another site, we thoroughly evaluated clinical data and extensively investigated the whole body. However, we could not detect any other tumors. The patient was treated by tumor resection. The patient remains free of disease 5 years after surgery.
Tumefactive Fat Necrosis with Multinucleate Giant Cell Reaction Mimicking Recurrent Renal Cell Carcinoma following Percutaneous Renal Cryoablation
Authors: Amanda E Kahn, Kevin J Wu, David D Thiel
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Multinucleate Giant Cell (GC) reaction is a biological response that occurs secondary to infection, an implanted foreign body, tissue injury, or inflammation. In rare instances GC reactions have been reported following tissue ablation. Multinucleate GC reactions and tumefactive fat necrosis both have the ability to mimic cancer recurrence or metastasis and can appear as enhancing masses. We discuss a case of a surgically resected retroperitoneal perinephric mass thought to be recurrent renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that was pathologically confirmed as tumefactive fat necrosis with multinucleate GC reaction 2 years following percutaneous cryoablation of a small renal mass.
A Rare Case of Recurrent Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess
Authors: Magdelene Amoateng, Pius Osei-Bagyina, Reba Varughese, Achsah Mathew, Ishan Malhotra
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KPLA) is an emerging syndrome with the initial cases described in Taiwan in the 1980s. There is high mortality with this condition, and immediate aggressive treatment is necessary. Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is the single most important risk factor for developing KPLA. Here, we describe a rare case of recurrent cryptogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae pyogenic liver abscess (KPLA) in a young man with poorly controlled type 1 D.M.
Ileocolic Intussusception in a Leukemic Adult Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ayoub Innabi, Wa'el Tuqan, Alia Alawneh, Alaa Saleh, Kamal Alrabi, Lina Marei
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2016)

We present a rare case of intussusception in a 41-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia without an evidence of leukemic infiltration of the bowel. The patient presented to the emergency room with right lower quadrant pain. Initially he was diagnosed with typhlitis. CT scan was done and showed ileocolic intussusception without a definitive lead point identified. Patient underwent hemicolectomy and histopathological study of the specimen did not show any leukemic infiltrate. High suspicion of intussusception should be kept in mind with leukemic patients presenting with abdominal pain.
Delayed intra-abdominal bleeding following trans-vaginal ultrasonography guided oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization in patients at risk for thrombo-embolic events under anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Roy Mashiach, David Stockheim, Mati Zolti, Raoul Orvieto
Journal: F1000Res (2013)

We report herein, two cases of massive delayed (2 and 4 days) intra abdominal hemorrhage following ovum pick-up (OPU), in patients at risk for thrombo-embolic events, who concomitantly used therapeutic doses of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). We discuss the possible mechanisms involved in causing the aforementioned delayed bleeding, and call for re-evaluation of the presently accepted anticoagulant co-treatment regimen. These case reports should direct physicians' attention and keep them alert, while conducting IVF treatment to this subgroup of high risk patients.
Concurrent Resolution of Chronic Diarrhea Likely Due to Crohn's Disease and Infection with Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis
Authors: Shoor V Singh, J Todd Kuenstner, William C Davis, Prabhat Agarwal, Naveen Kumar, Devendra Singh, Saurabh Gupta, Kundan K Chaubey, Ashok Kumar, Jyoti Misri, Sujatha Jayaraman, Jagdip S Sohal, Kuldeep Dhama
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2016)
Keywords: crohn’s disease, elisa, is900 pcr and is1311 pcr_re, mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, antibiotic therapy, stool culture and microscopy for map
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Examination of samples of stool from a 61-year-old male patient, presenting with the clinical symptoms of Crohn's disease (CD), revealed massive shedding of acid fast bacilli with the morphology of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle. MAP was cultured from the stool. Biotyping of the bacterium isolated from cultures of stool demonstrated, it was the Indian Bison biotype of MAP, the dominant biotype infecting livestock and humans in India. Based on this finding and because the patient was unresponsive to standard therapy used in India to treat patients with gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, the patient was placed on a regimen of multi-antibiotic therapy, currently used to treat tuberculosis and CD. After 1 year of treatment, the patient's health was restored, concurrent with cessation of shedding of MAP in his stool. This patient is the first case shown to shed MAP from the stool who was cured of infection with antibiotics and who was concurrently cured of clinical signs of CD.
Hemophagocytic Syndrome-Associated Variant of Methotrexate-Associated Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient
Authors: Yukiko Komeno, Minako Akiyama, Yasumi Okochi, Hitoshi Tokuda, Keiko Abe, Kuniko Iihara, Tomiko Ryu
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 59-year-old man was treated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for 12 years with methotrexate (MTX) and prednisolone. After MTX-associated interstitial pneumonia developed, he was treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone for 7 months. Arthritis worsened, and tacrolimus was added to the treatment regimen. One month later, he had fever, loss of appetite, and dyspnea on exertion. Blood tests showed pancytopenia with large, atypical lymphocytes. Computed tomography showed mild splenomegaly. Bone marrow examination demonstrated CD20-positive, EBER-positive atypical lymphocytes, and hemophagocytosis. Random skin biopsy led to the diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL). The final diagnosis was a hemophagocytic syndrome-associated variant of IVLBCL. Complete remission was achieved after seven courses of R-CHOP. However, within a month, he complained of dizziness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed focal infarctions in the cerebellum and around the left lateral ventricle. Central nervous system relapse was suspected. Although salvage chemotherapy (CHASER), whole brain irradiation, and intrathecal injection of cytarabine and prednisolone were temporarily effective, he died. Autopsy revealed infiltration of lymphoma cells in the brain and adrenal glands. To the best of our knowledge, this is the sixth case of IVLBCL and the first case of the hemophagocytic syndrome-associated variant of IVLBCL in RA patients in the literature.
Brain Maturation, Cognition and Voice Pattern in a Gender Dysphoria Case under Pubertal Suppression
Authors: Maiko A Schneider, Poli M Spritzer, Bianca Machado Borba Soll, Anna M V Fontanari, Marina Carneiro, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Angelo B Costa, Dhiordan C da Silva, Karine Schwarz, Maurício Anes, Silza Tramontina, Maria I R Lobato
Journal: Front Hum Neurosci (2017)
Keywords: wisc-iv, cognition, gender dysphoria, pubertal suppression, white matter
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: Gender dysphoria (GD) (DMS-5) is a condition marked by increasing psychological suffering that accompanies the incongruence between one's experienced or expressed gender and one's assigned gender. Manifestation of GD can be seen early on during childhood and adolescence. During this period, the development of undesirable sexual characteristics marks an acute suffering of being opposite to the sex of birth. Pubertal suppression with gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) has been proposed for these individuals as a reversible treatment for postponing the pubertal development and attenuating psychological suffering. Recently, increased interest has been observed on the impact of this treatment on brain maturation, cognition and psychological performance. Objectives: The aim of this clinical report is to review the effects of puberty suppression on the brain white matter (WM) during adolescence. WM Fractional anisotropy, voice and cognitive functions were assessed before and during the treatment. MRI scans were acquired before, and after 22 and 28 months of hormonal suppression. Methods: We performed a longitudinal evaluation of a pubertal transgender girl undergoing hormonal treatment with GnRH analog. Three longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), regarding Fractional Anisotropy (FA) for regions of interest analysis. In parallel, voice samples for acoustic analysis as well as executive functioning with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-IV) were performed. Results: During the follow-up, white matter fractional anisotropy did not increase, compared to normal male puberty effects on the brain. After 22 months of pubertal suppression, operational memory dropped 9 points and remained stable after 28 months of follow-up. The fundamental frequency of voice varied during the first year; however, it remained in the female range. Conclusion: Brain white matter fractional anisotropy remained unchanged in the GD girl during pubertal suppression with GnRHa for 28 months, which may be related to the reduced serum testosterone levels and/or to the patient's baseline low average cognitive performance.Global performance on the Weschler scale was slightly lower during pubertal suppression compared to baseline, predominantly due to a reduction in operational memory. Either a baseline of low average cognition or the hormonal status could play a role in cognitive performance during pubertal suppression. The voice pattern during the follow-up seemed to reflect testosterone levels under suppression by GnRHa treatment.
Restorative Treatment of Amelogenesis Imperfecta with Prefabricated Composite Veneers
Authors: Claudio Novelli, Maurizio Pascadopoli, Andrea Scribante
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This case report presents the use of prefabricated composite veneers for restorative treatment of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). This technique bridges the gap between a conventional direct technique and a conventional indirect technique and introduces an alternative semidirect restorative technique for AI patients. The aim of this case report is to describe restoration of a young girl with severe AI using prefabricated composite veneers and to discuss the benefits and limitations of this technique compared to the alternative restorative techniques.
Case report: Gemcitabine intravesical hyperthermic infusion combined with tislelizumab in muscle invasive bladder urothelium carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Du, Huaqi Yin, Shiming Zhao, Yongkang Ma, Zhenghui Sun, Bingqi Dong, Mingkai Zhu, Chaoshuai Zhu, Jiangshan Peng, Tiejun Yang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: bladder hyperthermia, chemotherapy, gemcitabine, muscle invasive bladder urothelium carcinoma, tislelizumab, tumor immunotherapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Muscle invasive bladder urothelium carcinoma is a common urinary tract tumor. With the deepening of research, more and more treatment methods are applied in clinical practice, extending the life of patients. Among them, the clinical application of chemotherapeutic intravesical hyperthermia and tumor immunotherapy provides new ideas for our treatment.
Case report:
An 81-year-old female patient was diagnosed with stage T2N0M0 bladder cancer in our hospital. Because the patient and her family were keen to preserve her bladder, they declined surgery and opted for combined chemotherapy. After informed consent from the patient and her family, she received cisplatin combined with gemcitabine intravesical hyperthermic infusion. But the side effects of cisplatin made her intolerable to chemotherapy. With their informed consent we changed her to intravenous tislelizumab in combination with gemcitabine intravesical hyperthermic infusion to continue her treatment. During the subsequent follow-up visits, we found a surprising effect of the treatment.
Conclusion:
Gemcitabine intravesical hyperthermia therapy combined with intravenous tislelizumab in the treatment of muscle invasive bladder urothelium carcinoma may provide a new possible therapeutic strategy of some patients who are inoperable or refuse surgery.
An Extremely Rare Cause of Isolated Congenital Anosmia
Authors: Chia Saw, Noel David Friesen, Anthony Bartley
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 14-year-old adolescent was referred to a regional paediatric outpatient clinic with anosmia by her family doctor in Western Australia. The patient has no recollection of her previous ability to smell, suggesting the possibility of congenital anosmia. She was assessed in the paediatric outpatient clinic. A "noncontrast high-resolution MRI-brain scan with Anosmia-Protocol" was requested as the first-line investigation of choice by the treating paediatrician. The MRI was reported as "absence of olfactory tracts with preserved olfactory bulb volume." We report an extremely rare case of "isolated agenesis of the olfactory tract with intact olfactory bulbs" and discuss the clinical approach in bedside assessment of isolated congenital anosmia (ICA). Congenital anosmia can be a presentation of olfactory bulb aplasia; however, little is known about isolated olfactory tract agenesis and its treatment options. The patient was counselled on the diagnosis and safety advice provided.
Case Report: Anesthetic management for Cesarean section in a parturient with unspecified inherited bleeding disorder
Authors: Li Li, Jill M Johnsen, Chau X Doan, Laurent A Bollag
Journal: F1000Res (2018)
Keywords: anesthesia, bleeding disorder, cesarean section, parturient, spinal
MeSH terms: Anesthesia, Obstetrical, Anesthesia, Spinal, Anesthetics, Case Reports, Adult, Cesarean Section, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Retrospective Studies, Anesthetics

Neuraxial anesthesia, as the standard of care for Cesarean deliveries, is associated with decreased blood loss. However, parturients with inherited bleeding disorders are at increased risk for epidural hematomas. A small retrospective study has shown that parturients with known factor deficiencies can safely undergo neuraxial anesthesia once the specific factors are replenished. We present a patient who had a considerably increased risk of peripartum bleeding from an unspecified inherited bleeding disorder and was provided a successful neuraxial anesthetic without complications. We discuss the multidisciplinary approach among the surgeons, anesthesiologists, hematologist, and nursing staff to maximize patient safety and comfort.
Plasmacytoma as a Mimicker of Colonic Carcinoma in an Elderly Man
Authors: Sara Mathew George, Eman Ali Aljufairi, Nisha Chandran, Sayed Ali Isa Almahari
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. Although it is usually restricted to the bone marrow, extraskeletal spread in the form of localised extramedullary collections of malignant plasma cells (plasmacytomas) can occur. However, gastrointestinal tract involvement in multiple myeloma is rare and overt gastrointestinal bleeding from plasmacytoma is uncommon. We report a case of colonic plasmacytoma which presented with bleeding per rectum and was initially misdiagnosed as colonic neuroendocrine carcinoma. Later the patient presented with recurrence of the colonic mass along with multiple lytic bone lesions. The diagnosis of colonic plasmacytoma with progression into multiple myeloma was given. We also discuss here the diagnostic difficulty of plasma cell neoplasms in small biopsies of the colon.
A giant scapular aneurysmal bone cyst in a child
Authors: Theodoros Beslikas, Anastasios Chytas, Andreas Christodoulou, Ioannis Gigis, Ioannis Christoforidis
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare benign bone tumours. Scapula is a very rare location, and the relative literature is sparse. The purpose of this study is to present a case of a giant aggressive scapular aneurysmal bone cyst in a child. A 7-year-old boy presented to our hospital with pain and a palpated mass on the right scapula. Imaging studies (radiographs computed tomography scintigraphy) were indicative of aneurysmal bone cyst. We performed curettage and bone grafting after the diagnosis was set by pathological examination through a posterior shoulder approach. Five years later, the patient has only residual signs of the lesion on radiographic control without signs of recurrence.
Hole-in-one: simple non-surgical technique for the management of anterior chamber migrated Ozurdex® implant
Authors: Pablo Rivera-Pérez de Rada, Pedro Fernández-Avellaneda, Lucía Teresa Barturen Herraiz, Iker Henares Fernández, Estibaliz Ispizua Mendivil, Maria Ángeles Castellanos Relloso, Javier Hidalgo-Santamaría, Jesús Alfonso Grijalvo López
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2020)
Keywords: anterior chamber, corneal endothelium, dexamethasone, hospital emergency service, intravitreal injections, macular edema, piilocarpine, posterior eye segment, pupil
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: The migration of a dexamethasone implant to the anterior chamber is a vision-threatening complication which can happen in non-compartmentalized eyes treated with this device. Previous literature suggests that the solution to this complication is almost always surgical and in most cases cannot be delayed. Case description: We present the case of a 78-year-old woman with a scleral-fixated IOL and macular edema treated with Ozurdex®. She came to us complaining of blurred vision and was subsequently diagnosed with an anterior-chamber migration of her dexamethasone implant. Postural manoeuvres were performed until the dexamethasone implant returned to the vitreous cavity through the pupil. Pilocarpine drops were prescribed with a positive outcome and no further migrations were described. Discussion: This case shows a practical and efficient way of managing a potentially vision-threatening complication without placing the patient onto an operating table. It is interesting to see how it is possible to relocate a dexamethasone implant despite the presence of a scleral-fixated IOL. Conclusion: Postural manoeuvres are an interesting option in patients with a dexamethasone implant migrated to the anterior chamber. This approach can have very positive outcomes, in addition to avoiding surgery, with all the risks and complications involved.
Esophageal perforation following bite of inner tube of automobile tyre: An unusual cause of barotrauma
Authors: Y S Kadian, S Agarwal, K N Rattan, Nityasha
Journal: J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg (2010)
Keywords: automobile tyre bite, esophagus, perforation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An 8-year-old child presented with severe chest pain and respiratory distress after he accidentally bit an automobile tyre tube which burst into his mouth. The chest radiograph revealed left-sided pneumothorax. Both esophagogram and computed tomogram (CT) scan revealed a perforation of the distal third of esophagus with extravasation of contrast on left side. The patient was treated conservatively with gastrostomy feeds and antibiotics for 5 weeks with a good response.