OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Degenerative joint disease in the temporomandibular joint with fibrous ankylosis in a rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Su-Mi Kim, Chang-Gok Woo, Jong-Min Kim
Journal: Lab Anim Res (2020)
Keywords: computed tomography, degenerative joint disease, fibrous ankylosis, rhesus monkey, temporomandibular joint
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Ankylosis in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is known to have various etiologies in veterinary medicine. We observed a case of fibrous ankylosis of the TMJ in a newly imported rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).
Case presentation:
Moderate to severe attrition was found in the middle labial portion of the left maxillary canine. No tenderness around the jaw was detected in the physical examination. The WBC count, CRP level, rheumatoid factor level, and other parameters were normal. Irregularity in the joint surface was observed in both TMJs in the radiographic and computed tomographic examinations, but the left TMJ presented more severe irregularity. It was determined that the removal of the locked portion of the left canine would alleviate the case of lockjaw and allow intubation with an endotracheal tube. Canine tooth crown reduction was performed for both canine teeth. The mouth opening distance slightly (approximately 5 mm) increased up to 20 mm. We concluded that the attrition of canine teeth was not the reason for lockjaw and ankyloses originating from TMJ disease. Fibrotic synovial tissue and joint surface irregularity were observed by necropsy. The presence of fibrocartilage in most areas of the TMJ was confirmed by histology. The diagnosis was fibrous ankylosis of the TMJ associated with DJD.
Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of degenerative joint disease of the TMJ in a rhesus monkey with fibrous ankylosis of the TMJ.
Lesser sac herniation: a rare cause of acute abdomen and bowel perforation
Authors: Asad N Tamimi, Samuel J Withey, Sami Ullah Khan
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lesser sac herniation is a rare phenomenon, where the bowel protrudes through the epiploic foramen into the lesser sac. We describe the case of a 55-year-old male who presented with acute abdominal pain and in whose case the subtle findings of lesser sac herniation were missed during CT scan reporting. Re-review of the images after the patient's condition deteriorated found evidence of herniation, and re-scanning at that point demonstrated progression of the herniation, with bowel obstruction and perforation. The findings of lesser sac herniation complicated by basculetype caecal volvulus were confirmed during laparotomy. The patient underwent right hemicolectomy with primary ileocolic anastomosis.
Hypertensive emergency presenting with diffuse alveolar hemorrhaging and thrombotic microangiopathy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mayumi Ito, Takayuki Katsuno, Asako Kachi, Yasuhiko Ito
Journal: Clin Nephrol Case Stud (2020)
Keywords: diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, hypertensive emergency, thrombotic microangiopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

There are few studies reporting diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) caused by hypertensive emergency. We describe a 41-year-old man who visited the emergency room with hemoptysis and dyspnea. He had a 5-year history of hypertension, though he had not received any treatment. His blood pressure was 233/159 mmHg, his percutaneous oxygen saturation level was 88% on room air, and he had a serum creatinine level of 11.7 mg/dL. Laboratory data showed microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and severe kidney damage, suggesting thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Chest computed tomography and bronchoalveolar lavage revealed pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage. In addition to steroid treatment and plasma exchange, antihypertensive therapy was started immediately. On day 3, activity of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activity was not significantly reduced, and clinical markers for vasculitis and connective tissue disease were negative. Therefore, steroid administration and plasma exchange were discontinued. Although antihypertensive therapy centering on angiotensin II receptor blocker was effective for DAH and TMA, renal function did not recover, and maintenance hemodialysis was required. Renal pathological findings were consistent with malignant nephrosclerosis, and features suggestive of vasculitis were not found. The pathophysiology in this case was considered to be mainly hypertension and vascular endothelial injury with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation. The use of RAAS inhibitor was effective in converging DAH and TMA, and it was expected to repair vascular endothelial damage associated with appropriate antihypertensive intervention. The authors present this rare condition with a review of previous reports.
Internal supravesical hernia - a rare cause of intestinal obstruction: report of two cases
Authors: Mahdi Bouassida, Selim Sassi, Hassen Touinsi, Helmi Kallel, Mohamed Mongi Mighri, Fathi Chebbi, Mechaal Ben Ali, Khaled Bouzeidi, Sadok Sassi
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: supravesical hernia, tunisia, intestinal obstruction, surgery
MeSH terms: Hernia, Abdominal / complications, Intestinal Obstruction / etiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Hernia, Abdominal / diagnosis, Hernia, Abdominal / pathology, Humans, Intestinal Obstruction / diagnosis, Intestine, Small, Male, Middle Aged, Umbilical Arteries, Urinary Bladder / pathology

Supravesical hernias develop at the supravesical fossa between the remnants of the urachus and the left or right umbilical artery. They are exceptional and are often the cause of intestinal obstruction. We report two cases of surgically proven internal supravesical hernias presenting with small bowel obstruction. Abdominal computed tomography showed, for our first case, the relation of the incarcerated intestine anterior to and compressing the urinary bladder. We believe that the preoperative diagnosis of supravesical hernia by abdominal computed tomography is possible, as shown in our first case.
Robotic Proximal Ureteropyelostomy After Unsuccessful Endourologic Management of Complicated Proximal Ureteral Stone Disease
Authors: Daniel Olvera-Posada, Marie Dion, Husain Alenezi, Hassan Razvi, Stephen E Pautler
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2015)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a clinical case of a 66-year-old female with a left ureteropelvic junction impacted renal calculi associated with a tortuous ureter. After a failed combined retrograde and antegrade endoscopic procedure, a robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteropyelostomy was successful.
Complex Mosaicism of Two Distinct Mutations in a Female Patient With KCNA2-Related Encephalopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Pan Gong, Xianru Jiao, Yuehua Zhang, Zhixian Yang
Journal: Front Genet (2020)
Keywords: kcna2, encephalopathy, epilepsy, mosaic, next generation sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

KCNA2 gene mutations were described to cause a new molecular entity within the developmental and epileptic or epileptic encephalopathies. Here, we firstly reported a patient with an unusual mosaicism for KCNA2, presenting two distinct mosaic missense mutations at the same loci. Clinical trio-based whole-exome sequencing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed two novel mutations in KCNA2: c.1225A > T [p.(Ile409Phe)] and c.1225A > C [p.(Ile409Leu)]. Both missense mutations were in mosaic status and Sanger sequencing confirmed them as de novo. The affected 5-year-old girl presented as seizures with fever sensitivity, and mild cognitive and behavioral disorders. EEG showed focal centrotemporal epileptiform discharges accompanied by nocturnal focal seizures at the age of slightly older than 5 years, more likely carrying a loss-of-function mutation of KCNA2-related phenotype. Further NGS with a mean coverage of 6950 × showed 26% (mosaic mutation reads/total reads) of the c.1225A > T mutation and 23% of the c.1225A > C mutation. The sum of their allele fractions was close to 50%, approximately equal to a heterozygous variant. The patient had no seizures for 8 months on combination of levetiracetam (18.75 mg/kg/d) and valproate (20 mg/kg/d) till the last follow-up at the age of 5 years and 11 months. Our findings highlighted the two mosaic mutations responsible for the pathogenesis of KCNA2-related encephalopathy. The patient expanded the mutational spectrum of KCNA2-related encephalopathy and provided new insight into the complex genetic disorder.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the liver: a case report
Authors: Eduardo Cambruzzi, Enilde Eloena Guerra, Hamilton Cardoso Hilgert, Herbert Jorge Schmitz, Vinícius Lopes Silva, Daniel Marini Milani, Ricardo Pedrini Cruz, Raul Pruinelli
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary liver sarcomas represent a rare group of neoplasias, with angiosarcoma being the most common histological type. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) represents a high malignant neoplasia that usually affects the central nervous system and soft tissues. An 18-year-old male patient was admitted with clinical complains of pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant. The clinical evaluation revealed a solid mass in the right hepatic lobe. On the gross examination of the resected liver specimen, the right lobe of the liver was replaced by a yellow-red solid mass measuring 21 cm in its largest dimension. On the histopathology, a tumor composed of small round blue cells with little cytoplasm and round nuclei was identified. The lesion revealed positive immunoexpression for vimentin and CD99 and negative immunostaining for desmin, CD45, cytokeratin, and neuroblastoma protein, suggesting, then, the diagnosis of PNET. Although it is an unusual tumor, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver masses, especially in young patients.
Surgical Fixation of Bilateral Simultaneous Avulsion Fractures of the Proximal Tibia in a 12-Year-Old with History of Conservatively Managed Unilateral Tibial Avulsion Fracture
Authors: Christopher Newman, Dharsh Musiienko, Samuel Law
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fractures of the proximal tibial epiphysis are rare, representing less than 3% of all epiphyseal and 1% of all physeal injuries in adolescents. Bilateral injuries are extremely rare. The specific anatomical and histological features of the proximal tibial epiphysis make it vulnerable to a specific fracture pattern that occurs when the tensile force of the quadriceps is greater than the fibrocartilaginous tissue underlying the tibial tuberosity. We report the first case to our knowledge of a 12-year-old boy who sustained simultaneous bilateral tibial avulsion fractures on the background of a previous conservatively managed unilateral tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture. We report this case for its uniqueness and as an educational review of the anatomy, the mechanism of injury, and the development of classifying these fractures and discussion of the stages of the growing physis that determine the treatment approach.
Postpartum Seizure and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Secondary to Moyamoya Disease
Authors: L Chitra Varanasi, James Brown, Neil Athayde
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Postpartum seizures secondary to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) are rare. The incidence of pregnancy-related SAH is increasing and is highest during the delivery and postpartum periods. While there have been cases in the literature of SAH occurring postpartum, very few are associated with Moyamoya disease. We present a rare case of a young woman diagnosed with Moyamoya disease following immediate postpartum seizures secondary to a SAH. She was medically managed and discharged without any neurological deficits. This case highlights how seizures and SAH may develop in the immediate postpartum period in an otherwise healthy young woman.
Training communication abilities in Rett Syndrome through reading and writing
Authors: Rosa Angela Fabio, Ilaria Castelli, Antonella Marchetti, Alessandro Antonietti
Journal: Front Psychol (2013)
Keywords: rett syndrome, cognitive rehabilitation, communication, modificability, reading, writing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The goal of this clinical case study is to investigate the possibility of training communication abilities in people with Rett Syndrome (RS). Usually, girls with RS never exceed the sensorimotor stage of development, but the inter-individual variability typical of RS may lead us to doubt the irrevocability of that developmental limit, especially for those girls who are engaged in cognitive rehabilitation. The case study reported here concerns a 21-year-old girl with RS who was engaged in cognitive rehabilitation training based upon the principles of Feuerstein's modificability and mediated learning theory. The training aimed to teach her basic concepts and enhance reading-writing abilities. Statistical analyses showed that the girl reached adequate reading-writing abilities, proving the validity of the cognitive intervention which allowed her to communicate by composing words with her forefinger on an alphabetic table. Although these results need to be cautiously considered as they derive from a single case study, they have implications for future cognitive rehabilitation for deeply impaired clinical conditions as in the case of RS.
Thalamic abscess caused by a rare pathogen: streptococcus constellatus
Authors: Özgür Şenol, Hikmet Turan Süslü, Necati Tatarlı, Mehmet Tiryaki, Bülent Güçlü
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2016)
Keywords: thalamic abscess, malnourishment, stereotactic aspiration, streptococcus constellatus
MeSH terms: Brain Abscess / therapy, Streptococcal Infections / therapy, Streptococcus constellatus / isolation & purification, Thalamus / microbiology, Case Reports, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Brain Abscess / microbiology, Combined Modality Therapy, Craniocerebral Trauma / complications, Humans, Male, Stereotaxic Techniques, Streptococcal Infections / microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents

Streptococcus constellatus is a microorganism that lives commensally in the oropharyngeal region, urogenital region, and intestinal tract. However, it can cause infection in patients with certain predisposing factors. Rarely, this microorganism can cause a brain abscess. Thalamic localization of brain abscesses is much rarer than abscesses in other locations of the brain. Brain abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus are very rarely been reported in the literature. We present a rare case of a left-sided thalamic abscess caused by streptococcus constellatus in a 25-year-old male patient who was injured by shrapnel pieces in the head and who was malnourished. The patient was successfully treated by stereotactic aspiration and antibiotherapy.
Rehabilitation of Nose following Chemical Burn Using CAD/CAM Made Substructure for Implant Retained Nasal Prosthesis: A Clinical Report
Authors: Saurabh Chaturvedi, Tushar Bhagat, A K Verma, Vishwanath Gurumurthy, Mariyam Ali, Preeti Vadhwani, Mudita Chaturvedi
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Insufficient knowledge of medical chemicals and their improper use have destructive effects. Accidental exposure to chemicals on facial tissue may result in large facial defect. For ages the tradition of piercing nose is common but improper use of unknown chemical for piercing has deleterious effect. Mostly rhinectomy defects are acquired caused by trauma or malignant diseases. Prosthetic rehabilitation is the preferred treatment of choice for any large rhinectomy defects as medical and surgical interventions are ineffective in developing esthetics. Main concern with the prosthesis for such defects is retention. This article describes rehabilitation of a patient with large size nasal defect created by chemical burn in childhood during piercing. Implant retained customized silicone nasal prosthesis was fabricated using simple O-ring attachments and innovative modified polyamide acrylic resin substructure acting as skeleton.
A case report of a midesophageal diverticulum mimicking a fibrovascular esophageal polyp
Authors: Kyle G Mitchell, Erin M Corsini, Robert M Van Haren, Garrett L Walsh, Boris Sepesi
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: case report, esophageal diseases, esophageal diverticulum, fibrovascular polyp

Introduction:
Esophageal diverticula and esophageal fibrovascular polyps are uncommon clinical entities. While an asymptomatic presentation is possible, symptoms, when present, may be dissimilar in their gastrointestinal or respiratory characteristics. Additionally, these findings typically occur in different segments of the esophagus, with polyps occurring most frequently in the cervical esophagus and the midesophagus being the predominant location of pathologic diverticula.
Presentation of case:
We report the case of a 55-year-old patient who presented with a two-year history of progressive dysphagia secondary to a large proximal to midesophageal mass. Workup included esophagography, computed tomography, and endoscopy with ultrasound and was initially consistent with a diagnosis of a large esophageal fibrovascular polyp. Upon operative exploration, the mass was found to be a midesophageal diverticulum associated with a leading lipoma. The patient was successfully treated with transthoracic stapled diverticulectomy. At postoperative follow-up the patient was tolerating oral intake with no symptoms of dysphagia.
Discussion:
Esophageal diverticula are typically found in the midesophagus and are thought to arise from radial traction secondary to mediastinal inflammation. Esophageal fibrovascular polyps may result from tracheobronchial compression, and esophagography typically identifies a mobile intraluminal mass.
Conclusion:
Esophageal fibrovascular polyps and diverticula are rare, and a high index of suspicion is important in evaluation of these entities.
Disturbed Pitch Perception during Antidepressant Therapy of a Combination of Lithium, Nortriptyline, and Oxazepam: A Rare Unexpected and Undesirable Side Effect for a Violinist
Authors: Siwert de Groot
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Disturbed pitch perception is a rare but well-known side effect of the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine and its derivates. A patient is presented who used three antidepressants because of depression. After recovering, the medication was continued, but as a violinist, the patient was told that his intonation was too low with the consequence that he was not allowed to participate in the orchestra where he had been for years. After phasing out the medications, his pitch perception returned to normal. This observation is unique as no other examples of this side effect are found in the literature in relation to antidepressants.
Refixation Saccades with Normal Gain Values: A Diagnostic Problem in the Video Head Impulse Test: A Case Report
Authors: Leise Elisabeth Hviid Korsager, Christian Emil Faber, Jesper Hvass Schmidt, Jens Højberg Wanscher
Journal: Front Neurol (2017)
Keywords: cochlear implant, refixation saccades, vestibular function, vestibulo-ocular reflex, video head impulse test
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Refixation saccades with normal gain value occur more frequently with increasing age. The phenomenon has also been observed in different vestibular disorders. In this case, we present a young male with normal gain value and refixation saccades tested with the video head impulse test (vHIT) the day after his cochlear implantation. One month after surgery, refixation saccades were no longer present. This suggests that refixation saccades can occur as a result of temporary pathology such as surgery. Refixation saccades with normal gain values might reflect a partial deficit in the vestibulo-ocular reflex. However, this partial deficit is in conflict with the current way of interpreting vHIT results in which the vestibular function is classified as either normal or pathological based only on the gain value. Refixation saccades, which are evident signs of vestibulopathy, are not considered in the evaluation. A new way of interpreting the vHIT based on the saccades must be considered.
Occlusion of inferior vena cava: a singular presentation of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Daniel Brandão, João Correia Simões, Alexandra Canedo, Miguel Maia, Joana Ferreira, Sandrina Braga, João Vasconcelos, Guedes Vaz
Journal: Case Rep Med (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Even though the majority of abdominal aortic aneurysm s(AAAs) are asymptomatic, they can occasionally manifest as a result of adjacent structures involvement. Although the most frequent venous complication of AAA is rupture into the inferior vena cava (IVC), venous compression can infrequently occur. The authors report a particularly rare case of compression and thrombosis of the IVC by AAA. Patient was treated by preoperative placement of an IVC filter to impede pulmonary embolism and subsequently by open surgical repair. Besides discussing the circumstances associated with IVC compression by AAA, the authors also discuss the treatment strategy adopted and the possible alternatives.
Isolated Sporothrix schenckii Monoarthritis
Authors: Aram Barbaryan, Wissam El Atrouni, Stefania Bailuc, Matthew W Jones, Maharshi Bhakta, Khaldoun Haj Mahmoud, Aibek E Mirrakhimov
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sporothrix schenkii sensu lato is a rare cause of arthritis. Its course is indolent with lack of constitutional symptoms resulting in delayed presentation and diagnosis. It is a dimorphic fungus found ubiquitously in sphagnum moss, decaying vegetation, soil, and hay. Inoculation of dirt into the skin and soft tissues and, in rare instances, inhalation of aerosolized conidia from soil and plants can lead to infection. Subacute and chronic involvement of skin and subcutaneous tissues is the most common manifestation of sporotrichosis in immunocompetent hosts. In patients with underlying risk factors (HIV, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, organ transplant patients, immunosuppressive medications, steroids, and malignancies), it can often have disseminated visceral, osteoarticular, meningeal, and pulmonary involvement. Sporothrical arthritis most commonly infects knee joint followed by hand and wrist joints. A culture of Sporothrix schenkii sensu lato is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sporotrichosis. Itraconazole is the drug of choice for osteoarticular sporotrichosis. We present a case of sporotrichal arthritis in a patient without skin or lymph node involvement who underwent treatment with itraconazole resulting in resolution of his symptoms.
Anaphylactic reaction to intravenous diclofenac
Authors: Ranju Singh, Deepak Bansal, Neha Baduni, Homay Vajifdar
Journal: Indian J Crit Care Med (2011)
Keywords: anaphylaxis, diclofenac sodium, intravenous, pulmonary embolism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Diclofenac sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used as an opioid sparing agent for postoperative analgesia. Anaphylaxis due to intravenous diclofenac sodium is very rare. We report a case of anaphylactic reaction to IV diclofenac sodium, occurring postoperatively in a 25-year-old primigravida, the clinical features of which mimicked pulmonary embolism. The rarity, clinical importance and the diagnostic dilemma associated prompted us to report this case.