OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
An Interesting Case of Asymptomatic Cholera in the Setting of Large Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Nida Ansari, Sacide S Ozgur, Noor Bittar, Gabriel Melki, Yasmeen Sultana
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: cancer colon, endemic infections, large-bowel obstruction, non-bloody diarrhea, non-endemic region, vibrio cholerae
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Vibrio cholerae is the culprit behind many endemics globally. Classically characterized by profuse diarrhea with a "rice water" description, cholera can be fatal if not treated promptly. However, infected individuals can present with little to no symptoms. These individuals allow for a carrier state and play a large part in the survival of an endemic. Asymptomatic patients can present in areas where Cholera is not endemic. Herein, we present an atypical case of vibrio chloerae infection without diarrhea in the setting of large bowel obstruction secondary to colon cancer. We aim to highlight the unusual presentation of a cholera infection.
Aortic Pseudoaneurysm following Ventricular Septal Defect Closure in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hassan Zamani, Kourosh Vahidshahi, Mohammad Reza Khalilian, Tahmineh Tahouri, Ehsanollah Rahimi-Movaghar
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aortic pseudoaneurysm, a rare condition characterized by localized transmural disruption and dilatation of the aorta, is very rare in the pediatric population. It is primarily caused by previous cardiovascular procedures such as aortic coarctation repair, aortic valve replacement, and subaortic membrane resection. We present a unique case of aortic pseudoaneurysm following surgery to repair a perimembranous ventricular septal defect in a 19-month-old boy who presented with fever as the sole symptom. The fever started on the 30th day after the surgery, and the patient exhibited abnormal laboratory results, including a white blood cell (WBC) count of 28.3 × 109/L, neutrophil percentage of 68%, platelet count of 880 × 109/L, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 200 mm/hour, and 3+ positive C-reactive protein. Echocardiogram revealed a large cystic mass (5 × 4.8 cm) in the ascending aorta, compressing the superior vena cava. Based on this finding, a diagnosis of aortic pseudoaneurysm was suspected. The diagnosis was confirmed through cardiac computed tomographic angiography, and the patient underwent emergent surgery for the repair of the aortic pseudoaneurysm under deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Unfortunately, our patient died shortly after the surgery.
A false positive hair ethylglucuronide dosage in an alcohol abstinent patient after liver transplantation: a case report
Authors: Thierry Favrod-Coune, Déborah Lidsky, Julien Vionnet, Giulia Magini, Julien Déglon, Barbara Broers
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: alcohol, ethylglucuronide (etg), liver, test, transplantation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The use of direct alcohol biomarkers (ethylglucuronide and phosphatidylethanol) has recently been implemented in a clinical setting. Due to their low alcohol detection threshold, high sensitivity, and specificity, these tools are very useful in the pre- and post-liver transplantation setting, where the history and physical signs are not always reliable. However, the interpretation of the results can sometimes be misleading and must be integrated into a global clinical evaluation and, more importantly, in the clinical context of each patient. We present here a case report illustrating a false-positive hair ethylglucuronide caused by the application of a capillary gel in an abstinent patient after liver transplantation. This reminds us that even the most accurate laboratory tests must be interpreted with caution.
Vertebral anomalies and VACTERL association in pontine tegmental cap dysplasia: a paediatric case report
Authors: Rachel Jane Klapper, Joshua Strobel, Chance Hebert, Maamannan Venkataraj, Tailong Xu, Octavio Arevalo Espejo
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: congenital vertebral defects, paediatric, pontine tegmental cap dysplasia, vertebral anomalies
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This case report highlights vertebral segmental anomalies and the fact that the child presented has a rare neurologic condition called pontine tegmental cap dysplasia. Additionally, this case aims to educate learners in developing a differential diagnosis for vertebral and cardiac anomalies such as VACTERL syndromes and common syndromes associated with butterfly vertebrae in children and adolescents.
Case report: Intensive rehabilitation program delivered before and after single-event multilevel surgery in a girl with diplegic cerebral palsy
Authors: Alessandra Crecchi, Alessandra Tozzini, Roberta Benedetti, Marco Maltinti, Luca Bonfiglio
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: diplegic cerebral palsy, gait analysis, gait disorders, neurocognitive rehabilitation, tendon lengthening
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) is often associated with musculoskeletal disorders that contribute to worsen walking function. The standard care in these cases is single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) followed by rehabilitation. Our aim was to investigate whether a rehabilitation program starting even before SEML could add a benefit with respect to standard postoperative programs considered by previous research.
Methods:
From 2 months before to 13 months after SEMLS (except for the first month after surgery), the participant underwent a motor training focused on ROM exercises with tactile and kinaesthetic feedback. Walking performance, walking capacity, and quality-of-life were assessed before and after SEMLS at different follow-up times.
Results:
Walking capacity improved 3 months after SEMLS (i.e., earlier than in current literature) and walking performance improved 12 months after SEMLS (instead of simply returning to baseline as previously reported), with a positive impact on quality-of-life.
Conclusions:
This case suggests that a rehabilitation program starting even before SEMLS could add benefits over walking function and quality-of-life of children with diplegic CP compared to postoperative programs only.
99mTc-Sn-colloid SPECT/CT in thoracic splenosis after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Kishin Tokuyama, Yusuke Inoue, Keiji Matsunaga, Yasunori Hamaguchi, Saori Sekimoto
Journal: Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol (2024)
Keywords: 99mtc-labeled colloid spect/ct, esophageal cancer, gastric tube reconstruction, thoracic splenosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Splenosis occurs as a result of autotransplantation of splenic tissue following splenic injury or splenectomy. A 56-year-old man with esophageal cancer underwent thoracoscopic-assisted subtotal esophagectomy accompanied by three-field lymph node dissection, and retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction. The spleen was injured during the surgery and was removed. A retrosternal nodule of 12 mm in diameter was detected near the reconstructed gastric tube on computed tomography (CT) performed 3 years and 6 months postoperatively. Retrospectively, the nodule was observed in the same area on early postoperative CT and gradually increased in size. No accessory spleen was identified on the preoperative CT. Splenosis was suspected, and 99mTc-Sn-colloid single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT was performed. It revealed intense uptake in the retrosternal nodule, consistent with the diagnosis of thoracic splenosis. Subsequently, the patient has been under observation without treatment. 99mTc-labeled colloid SPECT/CT allowed confident diagnosis of thoracic splenosis following esophageal cancer surgery. This examination is considered valuable for the evaluation of ectopic splenic tissue.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) and the Uncommon Sequela: Mesial Temporal Sclerosis
Authors: Abraham Mengstu, Mathew N Chakko, Blake Salisbury, Jibran Fateh
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: ammon’s horn sclerosis, hippocampal sclerosis, medically refractory epilepsy, mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, mesial temporal lobe hyperintensities, mesial temporal sclerosis (mts), neuroimaging, neuroradiology, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (pres), pres syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is often linked to conditions like hypertension and is characterized by reversible brain edema. The development of mesial temporal sclerosis as a consequence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an uncommon clinical outcome. We report a 48-year-old female who initially presented with severe iron deficiency anemia, hypertension, and septic tenosynovitis requiring surgical drainage with subsequent development of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome accompanied by endocarditis. Although there was a question of one seizure episode during one of her hospital days, the patient experienced multiple seizure episodes three months after she left the hospital. Subsequent MRI demonstrated atrophy of the left mesial temporal lobe suggesting mesial temporal sclerosis. The temporal development of mesial temporal sclerosis in a patient with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome highlights mesial temporal sclerosis as a potential long-term consequence of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and the need for imaging surveillance in patients diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
IgG4-Related Kidney Disease: A Diagnostic Conundrum Successfully Treated With Steroids and Rituximab
Authors: Anand Chellappan, Amol Bhawane, Alok Sharma, Ratnesh Rokade
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: igg4-related kidney disease, immunoglobulin g4-related disease, retroperitoneal fibrosis, rituximab, steroids
MeSH terms: Case Reports

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory condition that has been recognized as a unified systemic disease that links many individual organ conditions that were previously considered to be unrelated. The pathological hallmark of the disease is an abundant IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration in the affected tissues and fibrosis. It is a great mimicker of neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious conditions. We report a 72-year-old man who presented to our hospital with dyspnea and oliguria. Detailed evaluation revealed that he was treated at multiple places for right-sided loin pain over the past 10 months and was found to have right-sided hydronephrosis, renal dysfunction, and multiple enlarged lymph nodes. A search for underlying malignancy previously was unyielding and he had rapid worsening of renal function prior to the current presentation. He was uremic and was initiated on hemodialysis. Kidney biopsy revealed features of IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis. Despite tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis involving more than 50% of the sampled cortex, he showed a good response to steroids and rituximab (RTX) and became dialysis-independent. This report underscores the masquerading presentation of IgG4-RD which can hinder timely diagnosis and demonstrates the usefulness of a regimen of steroids and RTX in its treatment.
Triple Threat: Triple-Valve Endocarditis Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Kiriti S Vattikonda, Christopher J Peterson, Jordan L Torres, Michael Sternberg, Ijeoma Okogbue, Anthony Baffoe-Bonnie, Tasaduq Fazili
Journal: Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J (2023)
Keywords: mssa, endocarditis, multiple valve, triple valve
MeSH terms: Endocarditis / diagnostic imaging, Endocarditis / surgery, Endocarditis, Bacterial / diagnostic imaging, Endocarditis, Bacterial / drug therapy, Review, Case Reports, Humans, Staphylococcus aureus

Triple valve endocarditis (TVE) is a rare presentation of endocarditis often requiring multivalvular surgery. Here we report a case of S. aureus triple valve endocarditis in a patient with a history of intravenous drug use and provide a literature review of TVE identification, treatment, and prognosis.
Case report: Diagnosis of NUT carcinoma of hepatic origin by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Bach Ardalan, Jose Azqueta, Jia Luo, Christopher French
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: nut carcinoma, nut gene, hepatic tumor, nextgeneration sequencing (ngs), rare representation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

NUT carcinoma is a rare subcategory of squamous cell carcinoma. The latter is primarily characterized by the fusion of the coding sequence NUTM1 on chromosome 15q14 with BRD4 or BRD3, both of which are acetyl-histone binding bromodomains. This tumor is often misdiagnosed due to its rarity and its histological similarity with other squamous cell carcinomas. It typically presents as a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the head, neck, and mediastinal region, and has no distinct clinical characteristics that set it apart from other malignancies. Although uncommon, other NUT carcinomas have been reported in the literature outside of the midline region. Through next-generation sequencing, we were able to correctly diagnose our patient with the first-documented case of NUT carcinoma of hepatic-only origin.
Case report: Diagnostic challenges in an adolescent case of autistic catatonia
Authors: Nighat J Nadeem, Abduallah Moawad, Sophie Howatson, Adeel Ahmed, Diana Cassell
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2024)
Keywords: camhs, adolescents, autism spectrum disorder (asd), autistic catatonia, catatonia, neuropsychiatric
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Catatonia is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome involving a constellation of psychomotor disturbances including catalepsy, waxy flexibility, stupor, mutism, negativism, agitation, posturing, stereotypes, mannerisms, grimacing, echolalia, and echopraxia. Catatonia occurs in several conditions including psychotic, affective and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in communication, social interaction, restricted interests, repetitive behaviours and sensory sensitivities. Catatonia can occur in response to life stressors such as extreme fear or threat, interpersonal conflict, tragic events or following significant loss. Those with ASD may be particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of stressors and the link between catatonia and ASD is being increasingly recognized. The overlapping features of catatonia and ASD make it difficult to differentiate often resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis. Catatonia in ASD remains a significant clinical challenge; it is difficult to diagnose and can pose debilitating difficulties for those affected. Catatonia is a treatable condition and prompt recognition is vital in securing the best possible outcome. We report a complex and unique case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with severe cognitive and functional decline with a background history of significant bullying and deterioration in his mental state. This case posed a diagnostic conundrum leading to a diagnosis of underlying ASD, anxiety and trauma.
Utility of T-cell immunosequencing in distinguishing mycosis fungoides progression from treatment related cutaneous adverse events
Authors: Safiyyah Bhatti, Daniel Joffe, Lauren Banner, Sahithi Talasila, Jenna Mandel, Jason Lee, Pierluigi Porcu, Neda Nikbakht
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: t-cell immunosequencing, mechlorethamine gel, mogamulizumab, mogamulizumab associated rash, mycosis fungoides
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cutaneous adverse events of both topical and systemic drugs in patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) present a diagnostic challenge as it is often difficult to distinguish drug associated rash from disease progression in the skin. Mogamulizumab and mechlorethamine gel are approved treatments for MF, both of which can cause treatment related cutaneous adverse events. It can often be challenging to distinguish mogamulizumab associated rash (MAR) and mechlorethamine gel associated hypersensitivity dermatitis from MF progression both clinically and histologically. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the T-cell receptor (TCR), also known as immunosequencing, can be used to assess T-cell clonality to support a diagnosis of MF. After identification of the malignant TCR clone at baseline, immunosequencing can track the established malignant TCR sequence and its frequency over time with high sensitivity. As a result, immunosequencing clone tracking can aid in distinguishing disease progression from treatment side effects. Here, we present a case series to demonstrate how monitoring of the malignant T-cell frequency by immunosequencing can aid in diagnosis of mogamulizumab and mechlorethamine gel cutaneous adverse events.
CT features of feline cystic bronchiectasis forming mass lesions
Authors: William J Moorhead, Wilfried Mai, Jennifer A Reetz, Silke Hecht, Peter G Noel
Journal: JFMS Open Rep (2024)
Keywords: bronchiectasis, ct, bronchial, pulmonary mass
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Case series summary:
Cystic bronchiectasis was diagnosed in three cats with known histories of chronic coughing using CT and histopathology. CT of the lungs revealed large space-occupying lesions that compressed and displaced unaffected pulmonary parenchyma and vessels. The masses were soft tissue attenuating in two cases and gas-cavitated with areas of dependent fluid in one case. All three cats were found to have mineral attenuating material in lesions and in other dilatated airways. Generalized bronchial wall thickening was also present and indicative of chronic lower airway disease. These findings were supported by histopathology showing inflammatory changes and dilatated airways in the collected tissues. In the two cases in which post-contrast CT series were acquired, the lesions had rim-enhancement.
Relevance and novel information:
Cystic bronchiectasis is a rare presentation of bronchiectasis in cats and may mimic a pulmonary mass lesion, which could be mistaken for neoplasia or abscessation. The lack of central enhancement or presence of gas cavitation on CT, concurrent presence of diffuse bronchial wall thickening, other areas of bronchiectasis and the presence of broncholithiasis may alert the clinician to the possibility of cystic bronchiectasis related to chronic lower airway disease.
Airway necrosis and granulation tissue formation caused by Rhizopus oryzae leading to severe upper airway obstruction: a case report
Authors: Geng-Jia Chen, Xiao-Bo Chen, Wan-Yuan Rao, Xiao-Yi Pan, Shi-Yue Li, Zhu-Quan Su
Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol (2024)
Keywords: rhizopus oryzae, amphotericin b, bronchoscopy, mucosal necrosis, tracheal stenosis
MeSH terms: Airway Obstruction / etiology, Airway Obstruction / pathology, Mucormycosis / diagnosis, Mucormycosis / microbiology, Mucormycosis / pathology, Case Reports, Amphotericin B / therapeutic use, Cough / pathology, Granulation Tissue / pathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Necrosis / pathology, Rhizopus oryzae, Amphotericin B

Pulmonary Mucormycosis is a fatal infectious disease with high mortality rate. The occurrence of Mucormycosis is commonly related to the fungal virulence and the host's immunological defenses against pathogens. Mucormycosis infection and granulation tissue formation occurred in the upper airway was rarely reported. This patient was a 60-year-old male with diabetes mellitus, who was admitted to hospital due to progressive cough, sputum and dyspnea. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and bronchoscopy revealed extensive tracheal mucosal necrosis, granulation tissue proliferation, and severe airway stenosis. The mucosal necrotic tissue was induced by the infection of Rhizopus Oryzae, confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in tissue biopsy. This patient was treated with the placement of a covered stent and local instillation of amphotericin B via bronchoscope. The tracheal mucosal necrosis was markedly alleviated, the symptoms of cough, shortness of breath, as well as exercise tolerance were significantly improved. The placement of airway stent and transbronchial microtube drip of amphotericin B could conduce to rapidly relieve the severe airway obstruction due to Mucormycosis infection.
Adult-Onset Multifocal Cutaneous Myofibromas: A Case Report of a Rare Entity
Authors: Alex K Miller, Nassim Lashkari, Ashbita Pokharel, Drew D Moore
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: adult-onset, benign, cutaneous myofibroma, infantile myofibroma, multifocal, multifocal infantile myofibroma, myofibromas, myofibromatosis, smooth-muscle actin
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Myofibromas are observed in both infantile and adult presentations, with key differences in the number and severity of lesions between these two groups. Infantile presentations encompass both indolent, isolated cutaneous lesions, as well as aggressive, multicentric presentations with visceral involvement. Adult myofibromas appear to be characterized by a single isolated cutaneous lesion, generally asymptomatic and following a benign clinical course. The occurrence of adult multifocal myofibromas has not yet been described in the literature. Here, we report a case of a 57-year-old female who presented with two minimally symptomatic soft tissue lesions on her right leg, with the pathologic findings of each lesion consistent with a cutaneous myofibroma. This case report describes a rare presentation of adult-onset multifocal cutaneous myofibromas.
Diagnosis and treatment of Robert's uterus combined with transverse uterine septum: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mingqian Chen, Xiaoyu Yang, Bin Zhang, Jialiang Fu, Yi Lan, Yugang Chi
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: robert’s uterus, asymmetric septate uterus, hysteroscopic metroplasty, transverse uterine septum, uterine malformation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Robert's uterus combined with transverse uterine septum is a rare uterine malformation. Only one case has been reported to date, and it is challenging to diagnose and treat.
Case presentation:
Here we report the case of a 19-year-old female had undergone multiple treatments at a previous hospital for primary amenorrhea and periodic lower abdominal pain, with the cause remaining unclear. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging conducted at our hospital displayed the presence of uterine dysplasia with an incomplete septum. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, a preliminary diagnosis of Robert's uterus combined with transverse uterine septum was made. Following this, laparoscopic exploration and ultrasound-guided hysteroscopic metroplasty were performed. The patient experienced periodic menstruation postoperatively and did not manifest periodic lower abdominal pain.
Conclusion:
Robert's uterus combined with transverse uterine septum is a very rare uterine malformation, with hysteroscopic metroplasty being the preferred surgical option. Nevertheless, preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult, and there are also many difficulties in the surgical process. This case outlines the diagnostic and treatment process of a patient with Robert's uterus and transverse uterine septum. It is of great significance to fill the gap in clinical diagnosis and treatment of this special uterine malformation.