OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Tuberculous dilated cardiomyopathy: an under-recognized entity?
Authors: Ritesh Agarwal, Puneet Malhotra, Anshu Awasthi, Nandita Kakkar, Dheeraj Gupta
Journal: BMC Infect Dis (2005)
MeSH terms: Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / diagnosis, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / microbiology, Tuberculosis / complications, Case Reports, Review, Adult, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / complications, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / pathology, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Tuberculosis / pathology

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a common public health problem in many parts of the world. TB is generally believed to spare these four organs-heart, skeletal muscle, thyroid and pancreas. We describe a rare case of myocardial TB diagnosed on a post-mortem cardiac biopsy.
Case presentation:
Patient presented with history suggestive of congestive heart failure. We describe the clinical presentation, investigations and outcome of this case, and review the literature on the involvement of myocardium by TB.
Conclusion:
Involvement of myocardium by TB is rare. However it should be suspected as a cause of congestive heart failure in any patient with features suggestive of TB. Increasing recognition of the entity and the use of endomyocardial biopsy may help us detect more cases of this "curable" form of cardiomyopathy.
Modified Keystone Perforator Island Flap for Tension-Reducing Coverage of Axillary Defects Secondary to Radical Excision of Chronic Inflammatory Skin Lesions: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Keun Hyung Kim, Byung Woo Yoo, Soo Yeon Lim, Kap Sung Oh, Junekyu Kim, Hyun Woo Shin, Kyu Nam Kim
Journal: Biomed Res Int (2022)
MeSH terms: Melanoma / surgery, Perforator Flap / surgery, Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Axilla / surgery, Humans, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult

Axillary defect coverage is often challenging after radical excision of chronic inflammatory skin lesions, such as complicated epidermoid cysts and hidradenitis suppurativa. This retrospective case series aims to demonstrate our experience with axillary reconstruction using the modified keystone perforator island flap (KPIF) technique, emphasizing its tension-reducing effects. All patients who presented for axillary reconstruction after radical excision of chronic inflammatory skin lesions between May 2019 and December 2020 were identified using the medical record database. Eleven patients ranging in age from 17 to 71 years underwent modified KPIF axillary reconstruction. Four types of modifications (modified type II KPIF, omega variation closure, Sydney melanoma unit modification, and hemi-KPIF) were used. All defects (size range, 2.5 × 3 cm2 to 8 × 13 cm2) were successfully covered using these modified KPIF techniques. All flaps (size range, 3.5 × 3.5 cm2 to 11 × 30 cm2) fully survived without complications. All patients exhibited favorable functional outcomes, and no cases of recurrence or limitations in joint range of motion were observed during the follow-up period (range, 4-5 months). Modified KPIF techniques may represent a reliable, effective alternative reconstructive modality for managing axillary defects.
Case Report: Safety and Efficacy of Enfortumab Vedotin in a Patient With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Kaylyn R Collette, Zin W Myint, Saurabh V Parasramka, Carleton S Ellis
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: antibody–drug conjugate, end-stage renal disease, enfortumab vedotin, metastatic urothelial carcinoma, peritoneal dialysis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The clinical management of metastatic urothelial carcinoma has significantly evolved with the emergence of monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Enfortumab vedotin (EV) was granted approval by the FDA in 2021 for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have received prior immunotherapy and platinum-containing chemotherapy. Little to no data exist for the use of EV in patients with concurrent end-stage renal disease (ESRD) using either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis (PD). Here, we present the case of a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma on PD who failed multiple lines of treatment but demonstrated an impressive response to EV without significant toxicity. We discuss the possible impact of peritoneal dialysis on the pharmacokinetics of ADCs and the potential for safe administration based on known pharmacokinetic data.
Successful use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the reversal of cardiorespiratory failure induced by atonic uterine bleeding: a case report
Authors: Taiga Itagaki, Mutsuo Onodera, Nao Okuda, Emiko Nakataki, Hideaki Imanaka, Masaji Nishimura
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2014)

Introduction:
Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has made sufficient progress to be considered for the management of life-threatening cardiac and respiratory failure, the risk of hemorrhagic complications may outweigh the benefits for patients with bleeding tendencies. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of successful treatment by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, without any hemorrhagic complications, of postpartum cardiorespiratory failure after massive uterine bleeding.
Case presentation:
A 25-year-old Japanese woman experienced massive atonic bleeding after delivering her second baby. Recovery from hemorrhagic shock was managed by conservative treatments, but she developed decompensated heart failure and refractory hypoxia. Because we could not obtain hemodynamic stability and proper oxygenation even with high doses of catecholamines and maximal ventilator settings, we administered venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, whereupon her hemodynamic status immediately stabilized. After 72 hours of support without major bleeding, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was successfully withdrawn.
Conclusion:
Even in cases of obstetric bleeding, if clotting status is stringently monitored, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can be considered as an ultimate means of life support.
A rare case of tuberous sclerosis complex-associated renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Humphrey Mapuranga, Bianca Douglas-Jones, Danelo du Plessis, Camilla E le Roux, Christel du Buisson, Shahida Moosa
Journal: SA J Radiol (2022)
Keywords: hamartomas, neuro-cutaneous, paediatric, renal cell carcinoma, tuberous sclerosis complex
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Renal cell carcinoma is rarely described in paediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. This report describes a case of an 11-year-old male with tuberous sclerosis-associated renal cell carcinoma.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Induced by Severe Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Xiang-Yan Zhang, Xian-Wei Ye, Duan-Xing Feng, Jing Han, Dan Li, Cheng Zhang
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

After early outbreaks in North America in April 2009, the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus spread rapidly around the world, and even some patients developed certain severe complications. We reported one case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) induced by severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. A 17-year-old girl had acute onset of fever, dry cough, rhinorrhea, and sore throat Her family members and close friends also had the similar symptoms. Anti-infection treatment with penicillin was given after 8 days of the onset of symptoms in the local hospital, and her chest radiograph showed consolidation of the left lung. Then, she was sent to the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province in China and endotracheal intubation were underwent on the ninth day for acute hypoxic respiratory failure. She was diagnosed with HLH induced by severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus. Oseltamivir, steroids, immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis were given immediately after admission. After being treated in the People's Hospital of Guizhou Province for 16 days, she was discharged. This experience shows that HLH may be a life-threatening complication for severe pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection and responds well to therapy.
Framing of female medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of the Chinese official media
Authors: Cunling Gao, Hongfa Yi, Jinfu Wang, Shanshan Han
Journal: Humanit Soc Sci Commun (2023)
Keywords: cultural and media studies, health humanities, medical humanities

This paper analyzes the media frames adopted by the official WeChat and Sina Weibo accounts of the People's Daily between January 1 and December 31, 2020, for reports about female medical personnel involved in pandemic prevention and control. Although the number of female medical personnel involved in pandemic prevention and control far exceeded that of their male counterparts, the extent of media reports on the former was far less than that of the latter. The human interest frame about female medical personnel was mainly applied, while the use of the action frame was less frequent, which highlighted the gender identity and family role of these women but weakened their professional identity. This was not conducive to praising the contributions of female medical personnel in fighting the pandemic. The media frames of reporting medical personnel in WeChat and Sina Weibo accounts of the People's Daily are not always the same. After Wuhan's lockdown ended on April 8, the proportion of the human interest frame of the report text of female medical personnel decreased, and the proportion of the action frame increased, while the proportion of the human interest frame of the report text of male medical personnel increased and the proportion of the action frame decreased. Previous studies mainly analyzed the use of the media frames of female news personalities, but few studies focused on whether women had the possibility of breaking away from the gender media frames. This study shows that some female medical personnel with exceptional professional competence are likely to transcend the gender media frames and receive similar coverage to that of male medical professionals, like Li Lanjuan and Chen Wei.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in girls: a diagnosis not to be missed (a case report)
Authors: Yousra El Boussaadni, Abdelhakim Aboulfouyoul, Kaoutar Khabbache, Hanan Khalki, Abdallah Oulmaati
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2022)
Keywords: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd), case report, child girl, hemolysis
MeSH terms: Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / complications, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / diagnosis, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency / genetics, Case Reports, Female, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / genetics, Hemolysis, Humans, Infant, Neonatal Screening, Oxidation-Reduction, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a polymorphic enzyme encoded by the X chromosome. It protects the cell against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage and ensures an oxidative balance profile within the cell. The disease is more frequent in males, and rare cases are described in girls. We report an observation of a 7-month-old Moroccan girl hospitalized for acute hemolysis after consuming fava beans. The diagnosis of a G6PD deficiency was retained after an assay of the enzymatic activity that returned collapsed. After initial conditioning, a transfusion of phenotyped retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is performed. The rapid evolution is favorable, and the child is discharged after therapeutic education sessions for the parents on the products to be avoided. Through this observation, we insist on the importance of neonatal screening in regions with a high prevalence of hemolysis in order to avoid diagnostic delays and also to prioritize the evaluation to be requested in an acute hemolysis state, to propose an education articulated around a preventive approach in children with this disease.
Intrastromal injection of voriconazole as a therapeutic of fungal hypopyon: a case report
Authors: Nabil Albab, Mohammed Oujidi, Sarah Belghamaidi, Jihane Hakam, Ibtissam Hajji, Redouane Moutaj, Abdeljalil Moutaouakil
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2020)
Keywords: intrastromal injection, fungal hypopyon, voriconazole
MeSH terms: Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage, Voriconazole / administration & dosage, Case Reports, Child, Corneal Injuries / complications, Corneal Injuries / surgery, Eye Infections, Fungal / drug therapy, Humans, Injections, Intraocular, Male, Treatment Outcome, Antifungal Agents, Voriconazole

We describe the case of a 7-year-old child, victim of ocular trauma causing a corneal wound that was sutured urgently. The child has been regularly monitored in our department. Few months later, he consults for a painful red eye evolving within two weeks. The use of voriconazole as an intracameral injection has shown its superiority in treating fungal endophtalmitis. Further studies should be underwent to learn more about better injection strategies and so as to consider better its benefits and side effects.
Trapped in a Daydream: Daily Elevations in Maladaptive Daydreaming Are Associated With Daily Psychopathological Symptoms
Authors: Nirit Soffer-Dudek, Eli Somer
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2018)
Keywords: absorption, daydreaming, dissociation, distress, fantasy, fantasy proneness, mind-wandering, obsessive-compulsive disorder

Background: Maladaptive Daydreaming (MD) characterizes individuals who engage in vivid, fanciful daydreaming for hours on end, neglecting real-life relationships and responsibilities, resulting in clinical distress and functional impairment. Sufferers have embraced the term MD in cyber-communities devoted to this problem because it seemed to uniquely fit their experience and since existing diagnostic labels and their therapies seemed inadequate. However, scientific research in the field has been scarce, relying on cross-sectional or case study designs. Existing knowledge on MD suggests the involvement of dissociative and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, as well as positive reinforcement comparable to processes in addiction disorders. The present study aimed to rigorously explore factors that accompany MD employing a longitudinal daily-diary design, hypothesizing that temporal increases in MD will associate concurrently with, and will temporally precede, other symptoms and emotional changes. In addition, we aimed to explore which symptoms may act as precursors to increases in MD, in order to identify possible mechanisms bringing about daydreaming in these individuals. Methods: In a sample of 77 self-diagnosed individuals with MD we assessed relevant daily symptoms for 14 days, including MD, depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and dissociation, as well as positive and negative emotion. Results: Increases in MD were strongly related to concurrent increases in all other symptoms and negative emotion, and to decreased positive emotion. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, dissociation, and negative emotion also temporally followed MD. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were the only consistent temporal antecedent of MD. Conclusions: MD and obsessive-compulsive symptoms coincided in what seems to be a vicious cycle; understanding possible shared mechanisms between these symptoms may inform our understanding of the etiology of MD. For example, Serotonin levels may possibly be involved in the development or maintenance of this condition. The findings may also provide clues as to potentially beneficial interventions for treating MD. For example, perhaps utilizing response prevention techniques may be useful for curbing or intercepting unwanted daydreaming. Future studies on MD should address its compulsory nature.
A Case of Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy
Authors: Yaping Yan, Bo Zhang, Zhuocong Lou, Kaiming Liu, Ming Lou, Meiping Ding, Yongfeng Xu
Journal: Front Neurol (2020)
Keywords: demyelination, diffusion weighted imaging (dwi), migraine, repeated oculomotor paralyzes, schwannoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ophthalmoplegic migraine (OM) is characterized by recurrent episodes of headache with unilateral ophthalmoplegia due to paresis of cranial nerve III, IV, or VI. The recent revision to the International Headache Classification has reclassified it as recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy (RPON). However, it is of note that the presentation of oculomotor nerve tumors may mimic RPON. Here, we report the case of a patient presenting with recurrent migraine and oculomotor palsy with several specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The patient was initially diagnosed with migraine 15 years ago, but since 10 years ago, his symptoms had evolved to include repeated oculomotor paralyzes. Before this attack, the patient did eventually recover completely each time after the initial episode. MRI performed during this attack revealed a nodular enhancing lesion described as schwannoma of the left oculomotor nerve, and on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), the nerve was isointense to the midbrain. The nodular enhancement became weaker, and the nerve's signal on DWI disappeared 3 months later as the patient's symptoms resolved mostly. This is the first case of RPON demonstrating an obvious change in signal of the affected nerve on DWI during the attack and remission.
Albright hereditary osteodystrophy: Delay in the diagnosis of a rare disorder due to restricted medical services
Authors: Sahar Noor, Nasrin Hakimzada, Nijatullah Safi, Sultan Mahmood Alikozai, Abdul Jamil Rasooli, Tooryalai Jalalzai, Qais Siddiqui, Ahmad Jalil Sestani, Najla Nasir, Sarah Noor, Ahmed Maseh Haidary, Saifullah Khalid
Journal: Clin Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: albright hereditary osteodystrophy, brachydactyly, hypocalcaemia, pseudohypoparathyrodism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A teenage Afghan girl presented with seizure. Clinical features and laboratory investigations revealed elevated serum parathormone, high phosphate levels with low serum calcium. In third-world countries, diagnosis of rare disorders, such as Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), can usually be delayed due to scarcity of standard medical and diagnostic services.
Laparotomic myomectomy in the 16th week of pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Lavinia Domenici, Violante Di Donato, Maria Luisa Gasparri, Francesca Lecce, Jlenia Caccetta, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2014)

Myomectomy is rarely performed during an ongoing pregnancy because of fear of miscarriage and the risk of an uncontrolled haemorrhage necessitating a hysterectomy. In cases where myomectomy is undertaken, most are performed at the time of cesarean section or with a laparoscopic approach. We report a case of a successful laparotomic myomectomy in the 16th week of pregnancy. A 35-year-old primigravida was admitted to our department with acute abdominal pain and hydronephrosis (serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL). Imaging revealed a large implant myoma compressing the bladder, ureters, rectus, and gestational chamber and causing hydronephrosis. Laparotomic myomectomy was successfully performed and pregnancy continued uneventfully until the 38th week when a cesarean section was performed. Surgical management of myomas during pregnancy is worth evaluating in well-selected and highly symptomatic cases.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following the First Dose of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine, BBIBP-CorV
Authors: Lanka Wijekoon, Chamara Sarathchandra, Sisira Siribaddana
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: bifacial weakness with paraesthesia, covid-19 vaccine complication, guillain barre syndrome (gbs), nerve conduction studies (ncs), sinopharm bbibp
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a case report of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following inactivated whole virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, BBIBP-CorV. A man presented with paresthesia in both upper and lower limbs with bifacial weakness, onset 18 days after receiving the first BBIBP-CorV vaccine. A bifacial palsy with a paresthesia variant of GBS was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, arresting the progression of neurological symptoms. Clinicians need to be aware of the possibility of GBS following vaccination with BBIBP-CorV, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Case Report: Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with sintilimab in a patient with relapsed thymic carcinoma
Authors: Huayu Yang, Qing Ma, Ying Sun, Kan Zhang, Yunli Xing, Hongwei Li
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: immune-related adverse events, immunotherapy, sintilimab, thymic carcinoma, toxic epidermal necrolysis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor monoclonal antibody has been shown to be effective in patients with relapsed thymic carcinoma. However, immune-related adverse events (irAE) are increasingly recognized. There is a paucity of clinical data, especially in elderly patients. A patient in his late 80s with a history of thymic carcinoma was treated with sintilimab, an anti-PD1 antibody. After one week of administration, the patient developed diffuse rash. After two cycles of sintilimab, there was rapid progression of the rash with gradual development of blisters and skin detachment. Sintilimab was immediately discontinued, and skin biopsy was performed. The histopathological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which was considered as an irAE. Intravenous methylprednisolone was initially administered, followed by oral prednisone. The patient showed dramatic improvement within 72 hours of initiation of treatment. Unfortunately, the patient died of severe pneumonia three months later. We report a case of TEN, a rare toxicity induced by anti-PD-1 sintilimab in an elderly patient with thymic carcinoma. Since TEN is a life-threatening condition, early recognition and management of this complication is a key imperative.
Case report: Kinetics of human leukocyte antigen receptor HLA-DR during liver injury induced by potassium para-aminobenzoate as assessed for causality using the updated RUCAM
Authors: Marlene Plüß, Désirée Tampe, Harald Schwörer, Sebastian Christopher Benjamin Bremer, Björn Tampe
Journal: Front Pharmacol (2022)
Keywords: hla-dr, roussel uclaf causality assessment method, acute hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, hepatotoxicity, potassium para-aminobenzoate, updated rucam
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Potassium para-aminobenzoate (POTABA) is used to treat Peyronie's disease by decreasing fibrosis and plaque size progression. Among potential side effects, drug-induced liver injury (DILI) attributed to POTABA administration has been reported in a few cases and inferred to immune hypersensitivity. In the present case, we investigated clinical, biochemical, and serological features as well as searched for non-drug-related causes, and applied the updated Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) confirming a highly probable causality of POTABA-induced liver injury. Moreover, we here observed specific activated CD3+ T lymphocytes during the acute phase of liver injury by monitoring of human leukocyte antigen receptor (HLA-DR) expression. Furthermore, improvement of biochemical markers of liver injury after POTABA withdrawal was associated with a rapid decline of CD3+ HLA-DR+ immune cells. In contrast, CD14+ monocytes expressing HLA-DR remained stable during recovery from liver injury. These observations implicate a specific involvement of activated T lymphocytes in liver injury mediated by POTABA. Clinicians should be aware of POTABA-induced liver injury, and measurement of activated immune cells by assessment of HLA-DR could provide pathomechanistic insights enabling biomonitoring of recovery from DILI.