OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Renal Pseudoaneurysm with Associated Arteriovenous Fistula as a Cause of Delayed Bleeding after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report and Current Literature Review
Authors: Brecht Devos, Hendrik Vandeursen, Olivier d'Archambeau, Eric Vergauwe
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Pseudoaneurysm (PA) with associated arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a rare delayed bleeding complication, occurring in less than 1% of patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Case presentation. A 54-year-old man underwent PNL on February 28, 2023, for a large renal calculus in the right kidney lower pole, with postoperative delayed bleeding: macroscopic hematuria and bladder clot retention after 3 weeks. An iatrogenic PA and AVF were diagnosed after the failure of conservative measures. The patient was successfully treated with superselective angioembolization (SAE) under local anesthesia.
Conclusion:
Late hemorrhagic complications after PNL can be severe. Rapid identification of a renal PA and AVF with SAE has a high success rate and low complication rate, avoiding prolonged hospitalization time and major renal surgery for this patient.
Case Report: Convalescent Plasma, a Targeted Therapy for Patients with CVID and Severe COVID-19
Authors: Karel F A Van Damme, Simon Tavernier, Nele Van Roy, Elisabeth De Leeuw, Jozefien Declercq, Cédric Bosteels, Bastiaan Maes, Marieke De Bruyne, Delfien Bogaert, Victor Bosteels, Levi Hoste, Leslie Naesens, Piet Maes, Alba Grifoni, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Pieter Depuydt, Eva Van Braeckel, Filomeen Haerynck, Bart N Lambrecht
Journal: Front Immunol (2020)
Keywords: covid-19, case report, common variable immunodeficiency disorders, convalescent plasma, immunodeficiencies
MeSH terms: Antibodies, Viral / administration & dosage, COVID-19 / therapy, Common Variable Immunodeficiency / blood, Common Variable Immunodeficiency / immunology, Common Variable Immunodeficiency / therapy, RNA, Viral / blood, RNA, Viral / immunology, SARS-CoV-2 / immunology, SARS-CoV-2 / metabolism, Virus Shedding / drug effects, Virus Shedding / immunology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, COVID-19 / blood, COVID-19 / immunology, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Male, Antibodies, Viral, RNA, Viral

The disease course of COVID-19 in patients with immunodeficiencies is unclear, as well as the optimal therapeutic strategy. We report a case of a 37-year old male with common variable immunodeficiency disorder and a severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. After administration of convalescent plasma, the patient's condition improved rapidly. Despite clinical recovery, viral RNA remained detectable up to 60 days after onset of symptoms. We propose that convalescent plasma might be considered as a treatment option in patients with CVID and severe COVID-19. In addition, in patients with immunodeficiencies, a different clinical course is possible, with prolonged viral shedding.
Candida albicans: a cause or a consequence of esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis
Authors: Imen Akkari, Elhem Ben Jazia, Soumaya Mrabet, Imen Jemni
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis, antifungal treatment, candida albicans
MeSH terms: Candida albicans / isolation & purification, Candidiasis / diagnosis, Deglutition Disorders / diagnosis, Diverticulosis, Esophageal / diagnosis, Case Reports, Aged, Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage, Candidiasis / drug therapy, Deglutition Disorders / drug therapy, Humans, Male, Antifungal Agents

Esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis is a rare disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by multiple pseudodiverticula with segmental or diffuse involvement of the esophagus. We report, the case of a 78-year-old male who suffered from severe dysphagia. Diagnosis of esophageal intramural pseudo-diverticulosis was based on endoscopic and radiologic explorations. Histological analysis of esophageal mucosal biopsies has shown the presence of candida albicans. Antifungal treatment leads to spectacular improvement of dysphasia. Subsequently, the patient presented a cardio-respiratory failure and died despite adequate treatment.
Malignant melanoma of the lung: a case report
Authors: Aziz Ouarssani, Fouad Atoini, Rafik Reda, Fatima Ait Lhou, Mustapha Idrissi Rguibi
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: primary lung tumor, malignant melanoma, metastasis
MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis, Melanoma / diagnosis, Case Reports, Aged, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Lung Neoplasms / pathology, Male, Melanoma / pathology

Primary melanoma of the lung is an extremely rare pathological entity and sparsely reported in the literature. A 68-year-old man was admitted with 3 months history of cough, sputum production, dyspnea, hemoptysis and chest pain. The chest radiography demonstrated bilateral mass lesion and thoracal computerized (CT) showed a bilateral tissu mass with left parietal invasion. Bronchoscopy revealed a large polypoidal tumor arising from the left lower lobe bronchus, histology at bronchial biopsy revealed a malignant melanoma. Surgical biopsy of the left parietal mass was confirmed by invasive malignant melanoma. Primary melanoma of the lung represents a rare pathological entity; careful interpretation of histopathological information in correlation with all other findings from clinical studies can establish a diagnosis.
Case Report: Acute effect of benralizumab on asthma exacerbation without concomitant corticosteroid use
Authors: Santi Nolasco, Raffaele Campisi, Rossella Intravaia, Morena Porto, Corrado Pelaia, Nunzio Crimi, Claudia Crimi
Journal: F1000Res (2020)
Keywords: anti-il-5 antibody, asthma control test, asthma exacerbation, benralizumab, eosinophilic asthma, severe refractory asthma, speed of onset
MeSH terms: Anti-Asthmatic Agents / therapeutic use, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use, Asthma / drug therapy, Case Reports, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, benralizumab

Background: Monoclonal antibodies are a relatively new therapeutic option for patients with severe refractory asthma, which can be used as an add-on to maintenance therapy, reducing the need for systemic corticosteroid usage, improving asthma symptom control and reducing exacerbations. We report a case of a patient with severe refractory eosinophilic asthma, reluctant to take systemic steroids, who was successfully treated with benralizumab alone during an acute asthma attack. Case presentation: A 59-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of allergic asthma since childhood showed a progressive decline in lung function with difficult to control symptoms and an increased number of hospitalizations despite maximal maintenance treatment, and was diagnosed with severe refractory asthma. She was reluctant to take systemic corticosteroids during exacerbations due to severe urinary retention; therefore, she started omalizumab with a partial reduction of symptoms and exacerbations over time. During a follow-up visit, she showed signs of acute exacerbation and she was switched to benralizumab during her acute phase with a rapid, dramatic amelioration of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function, without concomitant systemic corticosteroid administration. During the treatment and at follow-up after one month, good tolerance and no side effects were observed. Conclusions: The use of benralizumab seems to be feasible, rapid, and safe in treating acute exacerbation of severe eosinophilic asthma without the use of systemic corticosteroids.
Varicella Zoster Meningitis, Optic Neuritis Preceding the Development of Posterior Outer Retinal Necrosis, and Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in a HIV Patient
Authors: Manasa Gunturu, Shiva Kumar Gosi, Swetha Kanduri, Vishnu Garla
Journal: Case Rep Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) has been known to cause various eye disorders in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. We present a case of a forty-nine-year-old female patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who presented with headache, fever, and blurred vision. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was consistent with VZV meningitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed enhancement of the right optic nerve indicative of optic neuritis. She responded well to acyclovir and steroids and discharged on the same. Four weeks after discharge, she presented with sudden onset blindness in the left eye. A cerebral angiogram revealed left retinal artery occlusion and was treated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Funduscopic examination showed patchy areas of necrosis in the periphery which were rapidly progressive, diagnostic of posterior outer retinal necrosis (PORN). She was started on ganciclovir and cidofovir and experienced significant improvement in her visual acuity.
A Mysterious Case of Spontaneous Cervical Epidural Hematoma and Bilateral Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax Caused by a Rare Etiology
Authors: Keta Thakkar, Neeraja Ajayan, P Unnikrishnan, Manikandan Sethuraman, Ajay P Hrishi
Journal: Indian J Crit Care Med (2019)
Keywords: primary spontaneous pneumothorax, spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma, vasculopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare disorder that can present as an acute onset of pain and radicular symptoms that mimic disc herniation. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) can be defined as the presence of air in the pleural space without apparent underlying lung disease or trauma. We describe a rare case of SSEH in the cervical spine (C5-7) presenting with a novel association, a bilateral PSP, which has never been documented before. Both SSEH and spontaneous pneumothorax, though rare, can be associated with vasculopathy and our patient had signs of vasculopathy of intracranial vessels and pulmonary vasculature. Vasculopathy also needs to be considered while evaluating a case of PSP without emphysema-like changes (ELC) and if diagnosed as the cause, pleurodesis could be considered as a part of the management to avoid the sequel of recurrent pneumothorax and prolonged ICU stay in this subset of patients.
How to cite this article:
Thakkar K, Ajayan N, Unnikrishnan P, Sethuraman M, Hrishi AP. A Mysterious Case of Spontaneous Cervical Epidural Hematoma and Bilateral Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax Caused by a Rare Etiology. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, January 2019;23(1):51-53.
Case Report: A Rare Cause of Stridor and Hoarseness in Infants-Congenital Laryngeal Web
Authors: Yanyan Wang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: bronchoscopy, congenital laryngeal web, hoarseness, infant, stridor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Congenital laryngeal web is a rare disease that can cause stridor, dyspnea, hoarseness, and other symptoms. Children with this disease generally have stridor, weak crying, and hoarseness at birth, but these symptoms can also occur during the days, weeks, months, and even years after birth. Respiratory tract infection will obviously aggravate these manifestations, and recovery is slow after symptomatic treatment. Neck CT and laryngoscopy can detect and diagnose this disease. It is important that the disease can be considered and examined in infants with recurrent stridor and persistent hoarseness after birth.
Case summary:
We report a 23-month-old boy who was admitted to hospital due to stridor and hoarseness after birth. Combined with the results of laryngoscopy, he was diagnosed with congenital laryngeal web, and was treated with carbon dioxide (CO2) laser and cryotherapy by bronchoscope. The prognosis was good.
Conclusion:
Congenital laryngeal web is a rare but challenging laryngeal lesion. It is very important that the disease can be considered and examined for infants with recurrent stridor and persistent hoarseness after birth. The treatment strategy after diagnosis should be determined according to the classification of laryngeal web and the severity of children's symptoms.
Diffuse leukoencephalopathy in a 29-year-old male with hypertensive emergency
Authors: Ghada Issa, Samer Nasser, Samir Kodsi, Zein Farhat
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Severe hypertension is associated with multiple symptoms that reflect the end-organ damage effect of rapidly increasing blood pressure. Encephalopathy is a manifestation of the clinical spectrum of hypertensive emergencies. Hypertensive encephalopathy was initially described as part of the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, which mostly involved the parieto-occipital white matter of the brain. A more detailed review of this syndrome reveals many cases where the brain abnormalities are distributed in a more random pattern. We describe a case of diffuse leukoencephalopthy in a young male who presented with altered mental status, ataxia, and blurred vision. This is the most diffuse brain involvement ever described in hypertensive statuses.
Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes in a teenager
Authors: Kofi Ulzen-Appiah, Kafui Patrick Akakpo
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2022)
Keywords: autopsy, brain neoplasms, cerebellar neoplasms, neuroectodermal tumors, primitive
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), NOS/C19MC- altered, is a rare and recently classified highly aggressive malignant brain tumor in the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system 5th edition. They are mostly diagnosed in children before the age of three years. Most of them are located in the supratentorial region. Prior to the reclassification of ETMR as a single entity, three distinct tumors, namely, embryonal tumor with abundant neuropil and true rosettes (ETANTR), ependymoblastoma (EBL) and medulloepithelioma (MEPL) were recognized. Recent studies showed that all the three entities have multilayered rosettes on morphology, sharing a common amplification of the C19MC locus at the chromosome 19q13.42 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and highly specific immunohistochemical staining for LIN28A rendered their reclassification as a single entity.
Report:
A 13-year-old girl was rushed to the emergency room unconscious, with no return of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Autopsy revealed a left cerebellar hemisphere hemorrhagic tumor which histopathological examination revealed a multilayered ependymoblastic rosettes with abundant neuropil. The multilayered rosettes showed reactivity for vimentin but non-reactivity for pan-cytokeratin, the zones with abundant neuropil were reactive for synaptophysin consistent with a diagnosis of embryonal tumor with abundant neuropil and true rosettes now ETMR, NOS (WHO Grade 4) due to the lack of genetic testing for amplification of C19MC.
Conclusion:
ETMR is a highly aggressive CNS embryonal tumor with extremely poor prognosis. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors. Multilayered rosettes are a useful clue to histologic diagnosis.
Myocarditis in the Setting of Recent COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Laura Onderko, Benjamin Starobin, Amy E Riviere, Patrick K Hohl, Colin T Phillips, Roisin B Morgan, Aimee Welsh, Sanjeev A Francis, Maxwell Eyram Afari
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report three patients who presented with chest pain after receiving either the BNT162b2 Pfizer/BioNTech or mRNA-1273 Moderna/NIH vaccine. Clinical presentation, biomarker, and cardiac MRI supported myocarditis. It is imperative that potential side effects of COVID-19 vaccine are reported to improve our knowledge about COVID-19 and mRNA vaccines.
Orthodontic treatment of a mandibular incisor extraction case with invisalign
Authors: Khalid H Zawawi
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2014)

Mandibular incisor extraction for orthodontic treatment is considered an unusual treatment option because of the limited number of patients that meet the criteria for such treatment. Accurate diagnosis and treatment planning is essential to achieve the desired results. Adult orthodontic patients are increasingly motivated by esthetic considerations and reject the idea of conventional fixed appliances. In recent years, Invisalign appliances have gained tremendous attention for orthodontic treatment of adult patients to meet their esthetic demands. In this case report, a case of Class I malocclusion was treated with mandibular incisor extraction using the Invisalign appliance system. Successful tooth alignment of both arches was achieved. The use of Invisalign appliance is an effective treatment option in adult patients with Class I malocclusion that requires incisor extraction due to moderate to severe mandibular anterior crowding.
Development of Colonic Perforation during Calcium Polystyrene Sulfonate Administration: A Case Report
Authors: Nobuhiro Takeuchi, Yusuke Nomura, Testuo Meda, Masato Iida, Akihito Ohtsuka, Kazuyoshi Naba
Journal: Case Rep Med (2013)

A 90-year-old female complaining of severe upper abdominal pain was transferred to our institution. The patient had been prescribed with calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS) for the treatment of hyperkalemia following myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) associated glomerulonephritis. Physical examination revealed diffuse tenderness over the abdomen, with signs of peritoneal irritation. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed the retention of ascites, free air in the abdominal cavity, and the retention of hard stools in the left-sided colon. The diagnosis of intestinal perforation was immediately confirmed; thereafter, the patient underwent emergency surgical treatment. Surgical findings revealed a perforated site in the descending colon surrounded with hard stools. Histopathology of the perforated colon revealed crystalline materials, suggestive of association with CPS. CPS is a cation-exchange resin used to treat hyperkalemia; the major adverse effect in patients receiving CPS is constipation. When CPS is administered to patients with frequent constipation or the elderly, the risk of intestinal perforation should be considered.
Anastomotic stenosis following proximal gastrectomy with single flap valvulopasty successfully managed with endoscopic stricturotomy: a case report
Authors: Yuan Tian, Qiankun Shao, Qiang Chen, Wei Peng, Rui Ren, Wei Gong, Tianhua Liu, Jianhong Zhu, Yongyou Wu
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (aeg), case report, endoscopic stricturotomy, esophagogastric anastomotic stenosis, single flap technique
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Due to its nutritional advantages over total gastrectomy, proximal gastrectomy (PG) with anti-reflux techniques has gained significant attention in East Asian countries in recent years. The double flap technique (DFT) and modified side overlap and fundoplication by Yamashita (mSOFY) are two promising anti-reflux interventions following PG. However, anastomotic stenosis after DFT and gastroesophageal reflux after mSOFY have been reported in several patients. To address these concerns, a hybrid reconstruction procedure was designed, namely, right-sided overlap with single flap valvulopasty (ROSF), for proximal gastrectomy, with the aim of reducing anastomotic stricture and reflux. Among the 38 patients who underwent ROSF at our hospital, one developed Stooler grade II anastomotic stenosis. Herein, we present the successful management of this patient through endoscopic stricturotomy (ES).
Case summary:
A 72-year-old female complaining of "epigastric pain and discomfort for more than 1 month" was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (Siewert type II). She underwent laparoscopic-assisted PG and ROSF procedures at our hospital and recovered well after surgery. However, she started experiencing progressive difficulty in eating and vomiting approximately 3 weeks after the intervention. Endoscopy revealed Stooler grade II esophagogastric anastomotic stenosis. ES with insulated tip (IT) Knife nano was eventually performed, and the patient was able to resume a normal diet without experiencing any discomfort during the 5-month follow-up period.
Conclusion:
Endoscopic stricturotomy using IT Knife nano successfully treated anastomotic stenosis following ROSF with no associated complications. Thus, ES to treat anastomotic stenosis after PG with valvulopasty can be considered a safe option and should be performed in centers with the required expertise.
Case Report: A Candida Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Patient Detected Through the Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Xiao-Guang Cao, Chuang-Wei Yu, Shu-Sheng Zhou, Yu Huang, Chun-Yan Wang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: candida albicans, antimicrobial therapy, central nervous system infections, fungal infections, next-generation sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are not commonly seen clinically. Clinical diagnosis of fungal infections often depend on the pathogen culture and the clinical features. This method is time-consuming and insensitive, which can lead to misdiagnosis. The authors introduce an adult patient with fungal infections diagnosed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Case: The patient was a 60-year-old male Chinese who had both hypermyotonia of the lower extremities and fever. The auxiliary examinations such as MRI, CT, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed obvious abnormalities. Because of the difficulties in diagnosis, it was hard to determine the treatment plan. The NGS detected specific sequences of Candida albicans in 3 days. The patient was then treated with liposomal amphotericin B and fluconazole. About 3 weeks later, the symptoms of the patient improved significantly and he was discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: Compared with the routine cultural method, NGS has made a huge advancement in infection diagnosis and targeting antimicrobial therapy for CNS infection.
Citrullus colocynthis as the Cause of Acute Rectorrhagia
Authors: Hamid Reza Javadzadeh, Amir Davoudi, Farnoush Davoudi, Ghasem Valizadegan, Hasan Goodarzi, Sadrollah Mahmoodi, Mohammad Reza Ghane, Mehrdad Faraji
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2013)

Introduction. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad. is a commonly used medicinal plant especially as a hypoglycemic agent. Case Presentation. Four patients with colocynth intoxication are presented. The main clinical feature was acute rectorrhagia preceeded by mucosal diarrhea with tenesmus, which gradually progressed to bloody diarrhea and overt rectorrhagia within 3 to 4 hours. The only colonoscopic observation was mucosal erosion which was completely resolved in follow-up colonoscopy after 14 days. Conclusion. The membranolytic activity of some C. colocynthis ingredients is responsible for the intestinal damage. Patients and herbalists should be acquainted with the proper use and side effects of the herb. Clinicians should also be aware of C. colocynthis as a probable cause of lower GI bleeding in patients with no other suggestive history, especially diabetics.
Distraction plating for bilaterally severely comminuted distal radius fracture: a case report
Authors: Yuta Izawa, Hiroko Murakami, Tetsuya Shirakawa, Kazuo Sato, Toshiki Yoshino, Yoshihiko Tsuchida
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2023)
Keywords: distal radius fracture, distraction plating, external fixation, open fracture
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case in which distraction plating was performed for bilateral highly comminuted distal radius fractures. The upper extremities' range of motion and function was acceptable. Thus, distraction plating can be a good option for relatively young patients with severe comminution of the radius and soft tissue damage.