OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in liver transplant
Authors: Gabriel Melki, Abdalla Mohamed, Mina Fransawy Alkomos, Alisa Farokhian, Sohail M Chaudhry, Varun Patel, Walid J Baddoura
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2021)
Keywords: intestinal obstruction, liver transplantation, peritoneal disease
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis occurs due to chronic irritation of the peritoneal surface resulting in inflammation and fibrosis. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis usually occurs in patients requiring peritoneal dialysis (PD); however, it may also occur in liver transplant patients. The fibrosis in encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis could be severe enough to cause small bowel obstruction (SBO). Herein, we report a case of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis secondary to liver transplantation that presented with SBO. The patient was started on Tamoxifen for encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis and evaluated at follow-up without any other intestinal obstruction episodes. This case demonstrates that encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis can occur as a liver transplant complication and present with small bowel obstruction.
Peg-Shaped Lateral Incisors Treated with Ceramic Three-Quarter Crown
Authors: Rim Kallala, Sarra Nasri, Amani Adli, Rihab Dakhli, Chaouch Mohamed Habib, Touzi Soumaya, Nouira Zohra, Belhassen Harzallah, Mounir Cherif
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In recent years, patients' expectations are becoming higher in terms of esthetic dentistry. Having the ideal smile is becoming a purpose as the appearance of stars and famous persons have been undoubtedly improved through smile correction. Peg-shaped lateral incisors are a common dental form aberration which could distort the smile and may hamper patient psychology because of the smaller shape and size in disharmony with other teeth. Three-quarter ceramic veneers are a mini-invasive approach which could solve the esthetic problem of peg-shaped teeth and ensure patient's satisfaction. The present paper was about a clinical case with peg-shaped lateral incisors treated with three-quarter ceramic crowns. It would also highlight the preparation particularities.
Spondylocostal Dysplasia in a 7-Year-Old Sri Lankan Girl Causing Restrictive Lung Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Phirarthana Kamalanathan, Meranthi Fernando, Rohan Jayawardena, A Upasena, Shaman Rajindrajith, Sachith Mettananda
Journal: Case Rep Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Spondylocostal dysplasia (SCD) is a rare costovertebral malformation characterised by short-trunk short stature. It is a recessively inherited disorder, and commonly identified disease-causing mutations are in DLL3 gene. The reported prevalence is 1 : 200,000 worldwide, and none was reported from Sri Lanka. We report a 7-year-old Sri Lankan girl with spondylocostal dysplasia presenting with short stature and scoliosis. Disproportionate short stature was noted with short upper segment and small thoracic cavity. Skeletal survey revealed fused vertebra involving T5-T6, T9-T10, and L3-L4. Butterfly vertebrae were noted in T2, T4, T6, and T9. Diagnosis of SCD was made based on classic radiological features including vertebral fusion and rib abnormalities. Spirometry was performed due to small thoracic cavity which showed results compatible with moderate to severe restrictive lung disease. The child did not report respiratory difficulties or recurrent chest infections up to the presentation. She was referred to an orthopaedic team which recommended conservative management with close follow-up. In conclusion, spondylocostal dysplasia should be considered in short-trunk short stature with rib abnormalities in the absence of limb shortening. Appropriate treatment and follow-up for restrictive lung disease would determine the long-term outcome.
Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Involvement in Two Different Localizations: A Case Report
Authors: Nilufer Bulut, Hılal Serap Arslan, Ipek Yıldız Ozaydın
Journal: Surg J (N Y) (2019)
Keywords: b-cell lymphoma, skin, treatment, uterine
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The genital system and skin involvement of diffuse B-cell lymphomas are quite rare. The appearance of these rare types in the same patient and the same period makes the treatment of the disease difficult. But both types respond well to anthracyclines and immunotherapies. A 74-year-old woman was treated with R-CHOP (Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine, vincristine, prednisolone) without surgery and/or radiotherapy, and no recurrence at 2 years follow-up. Despite the poor prognosis of these types of lymphomas, treatment responses are quite good as they are in other subtypes.
An Atypical Porencephalic Cyst Manifesting as a Simple Partial Seizure: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Abdulaziz Ibrahim Al Thafar, Abdullatif Sami Al Rashed, Bayan Abdullah Al Matar, Abdulaziz Mohammad Al-Sharydah, Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Abdulwahhab, Sari Saleh Al-Suhibani
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Porencephaly is an extremely rare neurological disease characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple degenerative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cavities within the brain parenchyma.
Case report:
We describe a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with involuntary movements of the left upper limb of 6 months' duration. A diagnosis of porencephaly was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Conclusion:
The rarity of occurrence and atypical presentation of such a lesion present a challenge to clinicians. Little is known about the pathogenesis and appropriate management of porencephaly. Further studies of the implications of porencephaly for neurodevelopment and behavior are needed.
Surgical treatment for mediastinitis after endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: 2 case reports
Authors: Sung Joon Han, Yooyoung Chong, Man-Shik Shim, Woosik Han, Hyun Jin Cho, Shin Kwang Kang, Jae Hyeon Yu
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: abscess, case report, endobronchial ultrasound guided transbrochial needle aspiration, mediastinitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report two cases of severe mediastinitis accompanied by abscess due to endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), that were successfully treated by effective surgical drainage. A 68-year-old woman was referred to our hospital due to chest discomfort and high fever after EBUS-TBNA, and a 54-year-old man was referred due to general weakness, chills, and high fever after the same procedure. Both were diagnosed with EBUS-related mediastinitis and discharged after surgical treatment. Similar to previous reports, the importance of surgical procedures for mediastinitis caused by EBUS-TBNA was suggested. Further research and establishment of guidelines on this matter is necessary.
Rathke's Cleft Cyst as Origin of a Pediatric Papillary Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Sven-Martin Schlaffer, Michael Buchfelder, Robert Stoehr, Rolf Buslei, Annett Hölsken
Journal: Front Genet (2018)
Keywords: braf mutation, rathke's cleft cyst, childhood, metaplasia, papillary craniopharyngioma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 6-year old patient presented with an intra and suprasellar cystic lesion accompanied with impairment of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and partial hypopituitarism. The most likely cause of sellar lesions in this age group are adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (adaCP) or Rathke´s cleft cysts (RCCs). AdaCP are characterized by CTNNB1 mutations accompanied with aberrant nuclear beta-catenin expression. RCC show neither nuclear beta-catenin expression nor BRAF mutation. The latter is a hallmark of papillary craniopharyngiomas (papCP) that exhibit remarkable histological similarity with metaplasia of RCC. Diagnosis of the patient was elucidated by CTNNB1 and BRAF mutation screening, utilizing different approaches, as well as histological examination of markers, e.g., beta-catenin, claudin-1, EpCAM and the mutated BRAFV600E protein, which are known to be differentially expressed in sellar lesions. The case presented reveals extraordinary aspects for two reasons. Firstly, the lesion appeared clinically, on MRI, intraoperatively and histologically as RCC with prominent squamous metaplasia, but showing an expression pattern of markers also found in papCP, whilst exhibiting a hitherto undescribed BRAFV600E mutation. This important result documents a supposable transition of RCC metaplasia into a papillary craniopharyngioma (papCP). Secondly, this intriguing case shows unexpectedly that although papCP usually occurs almost exclusively in adults, it can also arise in childhood.
A Case of Granuloma Annulare Associated with Secukinumab Use
Authors: Lauren Bonomo, Sara Ghoneim, Jacob Levitt
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory dermatosis characterized clinically by dermal papules and annular plaques. The pathogenesis of GA is not well understood, although it is thought to result from a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which inflammatory cells elicit connective tissue degradation. This condition has been seen following the use of several drugs, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, which paradoxically have also been reported to treat GA. We report the case of a patient who developed GA in association with secukinumab, an interleukin-17A antagonist, and discuss its implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis of GA.
Efavirenz poisoning in a 12 year old HIV negative African boy
Authors: Rose Nazziwa, Moorine Sekadde, Francis Kanyike, Eric Wobudeya, Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: efavirenz, hiv, adverse reaction, intoxication, poisoning
MeSH terms: Benzoxazines / poisoning, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / poisoning, Case Reports, Alkynes, Child, Cyclopropanes, HIV Seronegativity, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome, Uganda, Alkynes, Benzoxazines, Cyclopropanes, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, efavirenz

Efavirenz is an oral antiretroviral drug in the class of non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Toxicity at therapeutic doses has been documented but there is scarcity of data on presentation and management of Efavirenz overdose. We describe a case of Efavirenz poisoning in a 12-year old HIV Negative African boy with a very unique presentation after ingesting 3 grams of Efavirenz as a single dose. The most prominent problems were burning sensation in the throat immediately after ingestion then visual impairment one hour later then tremors, screaming at night and motor deficits in lower limbs for 5 days before admission. His medical history, physical exam and investigations revealed no other cause of his presentation other than the EFV. Unfortunately, it was not possible to do EFV levels. He was given supportive treatment and 10 days later he was completely well.
Recurrent ilioinguinal lymph node metastasis from primary anal adenocarcinoma: what should we do?-A case report and review of literature
Authors: Y Zhao, R Wijaya
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Anal canal tumors are uncommon amongst gastrointestinal tumors or anorectal tumors. While the majority of them seem to be squamous cell carcinoma in nature, adenocarcinoma may be equally as common amongst the Asian population. Recurrent nodal metastasis from a primary anal malignancy is not a rare occurrence in view of the anatomy of the anal canal.
Case presentation:
A 70 year-old patient underwent surgery for synchronous sigmoid and anal adenocarcinoma in 2015. He then re-presented 2 years later with recurrence in the right inguinal lymph nodes. He subsequently underwent a right ilio-inguinal lymph node block dissection with a Sartorius flap creation.
Discussion:
As most anal canal tumors are squamous cell carcinomas, the optimal treatment for recurrent ilioinguinal lymph node disease has been well-established. This usually involves groin dissection as surgical treatment, with consideration for adjuvant combined chemoradiotherapy. Such an approach is likely to be beneficial for ilioinguinal lymph node disease from primary anal canal adenocarcinomas as well.
Conclusion:
Physicians caring for patients with primary anal adenocarcinoma should be vigilant for possible ilioinguinal lymph node metastasis as this is not a rare occurrence. Surgical treatment appears to be a reasonable approach, with consideration for adjuvant therapy.
Kidney Involvement in PSTPIP1 Associated Inflammatory Diseases (PAID): A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Paola Borgia, Riccardo Papa, Matteo D'Alessandro, Roberta Caorsi, Giorgio Piaggio, Andrea Angeletti, Isabella Ceccherini, Gian Marco Ghiggeri, Marco Gattorno
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: il-1 inhibitors, pami syndrome, papa syndrome, pstpip1, kidney
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) syndrome, and the proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1)-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome are two distinct clinical conditions caused by heterozygous mutations of the PSTPIP1 gene. While skin and joint involvements are shared by both conditions, PAMI is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and growth failure. Kidney involvement is exceptional in PSTPIP1-mediated disorders. The two missense PSTPIP1 variants associated with PAMI syndrome are p.E250K and p.E257K. Long-term treatment with interleukin (IL)-1 inhibitors is effective to control inflammatory manifestations and is usually well-tolerated. We report a case of a patient carrying the PSTPIP1 p.E250K mutation who developed a late-onset kidney involvement despite a long treatment with canakinumab and anakinra. Kidney biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis that was treated with tacrolimus (0.1 mg/kg/day in two doses). A literature revision with the aim to assess the proportion and type of kidney involvement in PAMI syndrome revealed that heterogeneous nephropathies may be part of the clinical spectrum. Our study supports the importance of a periodic diagnostic work-up, including kidney laboratory tests and kidney biopsy, in individuals affected with PAMI syndrome. Kidney and liver functions may be impaired regardless of anti-cytokines treatments and additional therapy approaches (i.e., multi-drugs, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) should be carefully considered.
Restoration: Implant with Devastated Platform through Metal Post
Authors: Luna Salinas Tatiana, Del Valle Lovato Juan
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Case Presentation. Implant prostheses are a successful treatment for replacing missing teeth. However, this treatment modality can have biological and mechanical complications causing serious problems for the dentist, as demonstrated in this clinical case. The patient presented with a fractured screw and a severely damaged implant hex connection that corresponded to the second premolar, upper left, stating that she unsuccessfully tried to remove the prosthetic screw, which was most likely to have been loose. After clinical and radiographic review, it was decided to remove small fragments of the fractured prosthetic screw inside the implant head. Removal by conventional methods was unsuccessful but was eventually achieved through use of a bur. Then it was possible to make a cast post (gold-palladium) and develop a fixed prosthesis (silver-palladium), which were attached with luting cement. A cast post (gold-palladium) was made and a fixed prosthesis was developed (silver-palladium), which were attached with luting cement, the same ones that can present mechanical complications such as fractures between the third and fourth thread of the implant, loosening of the abutment, and/or the prosthetic screw in individual crowns, most frequently in partially edentulous patients, mainly in the premolar and molar regions of the maxilla. Conclusion. Therefore the present technique used in this case is very simple, noninvasive, and useful to readers.
Diabetic ketoacidosis as first presentation of latent autoimmune diabetes in adult
Authors: Omar Nadhem, Essam Nakhla, Roger D Smalligan
Journal: Case Rep Med (2015)

A 54-year-old white female with hypothyroidism presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She was found to have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and admitted to our hospital for treatment. Laboratory workup revealed positive antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and subsequently she was diagnosed with latent onset autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA). She was successfully treated with insulin with clinical and laboratory improvement. Diagnosis of LADA has been based on three criteria as given by The Immunology of Diabetes Society: (1) adult age of onset (>30 years of age); (2) presence of at least one circulating autoantibody (GADA/ICA/IAA/IA-2); and (3) initial insulin independence for the first six months. The importance of this case is the unlikely presentation of LADA. We believe that more research is needed to determine the exact proportion of LADA patients who first present with DKA, since similar cases have only been seen in case reports. Adult patients who are obese and have high blood sugar may deserve screening for LADA, especially in the presence of other autoimmune diseases. Those patients once diagnosed with LADA need extensive diabetic education including potentially serious events such as diabetic ketoacidosis.
Retroperitoneal Spindle Cell Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Hao Hua, Zhiwei He, Linhan Lei, Huahua Xie, Zilei Deng, Zili Cheng, Shi Zuo, Chengyi Sun, Chao Yu
Journal: Front Surg (2021)
Keywords: case report, myofibroblastoma, retroperitoneal, spindle cell tumor, surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Spindle cell tumor is very rare. Herein, we report a case of retroperitoneal spindle cell tumor in a 52-year-old female. The patient first presented with a complaint of persistent pain in the right upper abdomen. In the follow-up, a CT scan was performed and showed a retroperitoneal soft tissue density mass measuring 11 cm in diameter. Then, a subsequent operation was performed, and we completely removed the tumor and partially invaded lesions. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as a spindle cell tumor. Therefore, it is imperative for us to enhance the understanding of this seldom found tumor. Surgery remains the best option for treatment.
Currarino Triad: Importance of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Amr AbdelHamid AbouZeid, Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad, Mohammad Seada, Khaled Khiamy, Radwa Gamal
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2019)
Keywords: currarino triad, mri, anorectal malformation, presacral cyst
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Currarino triad is a rare syndrome that may be occasionally encountered during managing cases of anorectal anomalies. The triad consists of anorectal anomaly, sacral bony defect, and a presacral mass. It may be familial or sporadic, with a reported female predominance. Identification of the characteristic notched sacrum (sacral scimitar) in plain X-ray (anteroposterior view) is considered the key for the diagnosis; however, not infrequently, this radiological sign is overlooked, especially with a small sacral defect. Excision of the presacral cyst is usually performed concomitantly during anorectoplasty. The prone position is the standard approach for posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) in males; however, in females, the supine position can be used as an alternative (anterior sagittal anorectoplasty). In this case report, excision of the presacral cyst took place in two steps: the first excision during the PSARP procedure in the prone position, and a second operation in the supine lithotomy position to remove a residual component of the lesion that was missed during the primary operation. It was clear that the supine lithotomy position provided better access to explore the presacral space than the prone position, especially with a deeply located cyst as in our case. The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the identification of the exact nature and extent of the lesion before surgery is crucial and should be performed in all cases.
Case Report: Kinetics and durability of humoral and cellular response of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine in a lung and kidney transplant recipient
Authors: James Long, Mithil Soni, Pawel Muranski, Maureen J Miller, Cathleen Conry-Cantilena, Valeria De Giorgi
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: covid-19, sars-cov-2 vaccine, case report, cellular immunity, humoral immunity, immunocompromised, solid organ transplant
MeSH terms: COVID-19 Vaccines / administration & dosage, COVID-19 / prevention & control, Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects, Case Reports, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural, BNT162 Vaccine, Female, Humans, Kinetics, Lung, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Vaccines

We present a case report of a 63-year-old female health care worker who is 15 years status post double lung transplant and six years status post living related donor kidney transplant who is healthy on a chronic immunosuppression regimen including prednisone, mycophenolate, and tacrolimus who received the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2) primary series and had poor initial humoral response to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, then demonstrated a robust, sustained immune response against S1 and S2 antigens for over seven months after receiving the recommended vaccine doses, including booster dose, without developing COVID-19 or other serious adverse events. Her immune response to vaccination indicates effective formation of anti-spike T cell memory despite chronic immunosuppression. This case report provides a comprehensive characterization of her immune response to this SARS-CoV-2 vaccination series. As vaccine effectiveness data is updated, and as better understanding of immune response including hybrid immunity emerges, these findings may reassure that recipients of SOTs may be capable of durable immune responses to emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
Authors: Roshni Narurkar, Aleksandra Mamorska-Dyga, John C Nelson, Delong Liu
Journal: Biomark Res (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Babesiosis is endemic in selected areas in North America. Babesia infection is commonly associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia and elevated liver enzymes. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is known to be caused by parasitic and viral infections but has not been well characterized.
Case presentation:
We describe two cases diagnosed with babesiosis triggering severe AIHA. One case had history of splenectomy, and the other was an elderly patient. Older, immunocompromised and asplenic patients may be particularly at risk for post-babesiosis AIHA (PB-AIHA).
Conclusions:
The pathogenesis for conventional AIHA and PB-AIHA appears to be different, since splenectomy is a treatment for conventional AIHA, whereas PB-AIHA is seen more often in asplenic patients. Further investigation into this intriguing mechanism of host immune response to babesiosis may help to elucidate the overall mechanism of infection- triggered AIHA.