OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Gastroblastoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jiayu Li, Gang Wang, Zhiwei Jiang
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: gli1, malat1, epithelial and mesenchymal biphasic differentiation, gastric mass, gastroblastoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
Gastroblastoma is an extremely rare gastric tumor. Its pathogenesis remains unclear and there is a lack of specific clinical symptoms. The aim of this paper is to report a case of gastroblastoma and provide references for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease.
Methods:
The diagnosis and treatment of a 51-year-old female patient with gastroblastoma were retrospectively reported. Analyzing this case by combining the clinical data such as imaging and pathological results of patients with the relevant literature.
Results:
The patient's chief complaint was the presence of melena persisted for over two weeks. Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT showed gastric antral nodules, and micro-probe endoscopic ultrasonography was considered as "gastric antral protruding lesions". The initial diagnosis of "gastric stromal tumor" was made after admission, and surgical treatment was performed on September 23, 2021. Postoperative pathology showed that gastric mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, combined with immunohistochemical staining, was suggestive of gastroblastoma. No signs of tumor recurrence or metastasis were observed during the 2-year follow-up.
Conclusion:
Combined with the existing literature reports, the incidence of gastroblastoma is mainly higher in young men, and the predilection site is gastric antrum. The biological behavior of the tumor tends to be indolent, and the prognosis of most cases is favorable. However, due to the extremely small number of cases, this conclusion still needs a large number of cases and follow-up data to support. Postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examination results are the only methods for definite diagnosis at present, and surgery is the first choice for treatment.
Case report: Omphalitis caused by Trueperella pyogenes infection in a Korean indigenous calf
Authors: Youngjun Kim, Min-Jeong Ji, Jinho Park, Kyoung-Seong Choi
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2024)
Keywords: korean indigenous calf, trueperella pyogenes, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, failure of passive transfer, omphalitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Omphalitis, commonly caused by opportunistic bacteria has been significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in neonatal calves. Trueperella pyogenes is a commensal and opportunistic pathogen that can cause suppurative infection in farm animals. Our case involved a 10-day-old female Korean indigenous calf that presented with umbilical enlargement accompanied by a greenish-yellow purulent discharge and right forelimb lameness. The calf was diagnosed with failure of passive transfer at 24 h of age. Physical examination found hypothermia (38.1°C), tachycardia (110 beats/min), tachypnea (47 cycles/min), and open mouth breathing. Ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic pus in the 9th and 10th right intercostals, for which a liver abscess due to omphalophlebitis was suspected. After 3 days, the calf died. T. pyogenes was detected in the umbilical cord, lung, liver, kidney, intestine, mesenteric lymph node, urinary bladder, and bladder ligament. All genes related to the virulent factors (i.e., plo, cbpA, fimA, fimC, fimG, nanH, and nanP) were also identified, with plo and fimA being associated with pathogenicity. A final diagnosis of omphalitis was established based on the identification of virulent T. pyogenes and umbilical cord dilatation on ultrasonography. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed that the isolated T. pyogenes was susceptible to amoxicillin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, suggesting the suitability of these antibiotics for treating T. pyogenes-induced omphalitis. Hence, accurate and rapid diagnosis of the involved bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns can help guide therapeutic decisions. Our case provides useful information that could aid large animal clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of T. pyogenes-induced omphalitis.
Case report and literature review: Laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy for a 55-year-old patient with idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis
Authors: Siyu Liu, Yujun Tong, Ruizi Shi, Xintao Zeng, Hua Luo, Pei Yang, Xianfu Cai, Decai Wang, Huiwen Luo, Jianjun Wang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: case report, digestive disease, idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis, laparoscopic surgery, literature review
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis (IMP) is an extremely rare disease with an unclear pathogenesis and risk factors. The clinical manifestations of IMP are mostly non-specific, mainly consisting of digestive symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea. The diagnosis of IMP mainly relies on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and colonoscopy. Pathological changes associated with IMP often involve fibrous degeneration of the venous wall, which results in the thickening of the colonic wall and longitudinal calcification of the mesenteric arteries. Currently, there is no standard treatment protocol for IMP, and nonsurgical treatment is the mainstay of most medical centers. In this study, we reported a case of a 55-year-old female patient with IMP whose main clinical presentation was recurrent abdominal pain. The patient's initial diagnosis was considered an incomplete intestinal obstruction and received non-surgical treatments; however, the efficacy of the treatment was unsatisfactory. After completing abdominal CT and colonoscopy, we excluded common diseases of the digestive system (e.g., tumors, Crohn's disease), and finally considered that this patient had a high likelihood of IMP. This patient eventually underwent laparoscopic enlarged right hemicolectomy due to recurrent symptoms and poor outcomes of non-surgical treatment. Postoperative pathological results confirmed the diagnosis of IMP. During the follow-up period, the patient recovered well without recurrence of IMP. Furthermore, we have reviewed the literature related to IMP and summarized the etiology, risk factors, diagnostic methods, treatment options and prognosis of IMP.
Case report: A successful clinical experience of transplantation of liver and kidney from a donor with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Kang Huang, Qiuyan Zhang, Sanyun Wu, Lihua Zhou, Wenjin Liang, Xiaoyan Hu, Shaojun Ye, Wei Zhou
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: malignancy transmission, marginal donors, myelodysplastic syndromes, organ donation, organ transplantation
MeSH terms: Liver Transplantation, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Case Reports, Adult, Humans, Kidney, Liver, Tissue Donors

With a shortage of organs for transplant, the use of marginal donors can be an effective measure to meet the shortfall. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are considered an absolute contraindication for organ donation because of the high invasive potential. Currently, organ transplantation from donors with a past history of MDS has not been reported. In this paper, we report the successful clinical experience of one liver transplantation and two kidney transplantations, with organs donated by a 39-year-old patient diagnosed with a past history of MDS following intracranial hemorrhage. Four and a half years after transplantation, the three recipients are all doing well. However, it is still not clear to what extent organs donated by patients with a past history of MDS can be safely transplanted. This report provides support for the careful use of marginal donors. With effective treatment and full peer assessment, livers and kidneys from donors with a past history of MDS may be safely transplanted.
Case Report: Masseter hypertrophy: A case and review
Authors: Prasanna R Sonar, Aarati S Panchbhai
Journal: F1000Res (2024)
Keywords: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, masseter muscle hypertrophy
MeSH terms: Hypertrophy, Masseter Muscle / abnormalities, Masseter Muscle / pathology, Case Reports, Review, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Masticatory Muscles, Hypertrophy of

Masseter muscle hypertrophy is a rare condition with no known etiology that has become more prevalent due to growing aesthetic concerns. It is distinguished by either unilaterally or bilaterally enlarged masseter muscles. Its origin is still unknown. This study discusses a clinically confirmed case of unilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy and provides an outline of the condition's etiology, prevalence, diagnosis, and course of treatment.
Renal Transplant Artery Stenosis and Kinking: An Unusual Association
Authors: R Haridian Sosa Barrios, V Burguera Vion, E Casillas Sagrado, D Villa Hurtado, S Jiménez Álvaro, I Martín Capón, M Fernández Lucas, Maite E Rivera Gorrín
Journal: POCUS J (2023)
Keywords: point of care ultrasound(pocus), renal doppler, assessment, renal ultrasound
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Renal artery stenosis of the kidney allograft associated with kinking is not a frequent finding. As a correctable cause of graft dysfunction, it is important to diagnose it as soon as possible to avoid further graft damage and improve graft and patient survival. As pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound mapping of the graft's renal arteries is essential to diagnose possible alterations, point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a highly useful tool for early diagnosis. We present a case in which nephrologists performed this examination promptly allowing a timely diagnosis and treatment plan.
Multimodal imaging features of retroperitoneal anastomosing hemangioma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Liqing Zhang, Jian Wu
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: anastomosing hemangioma, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, retroperitoneal, vascular tumors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Anastomotic hemangioma is a rare subtype of capillary hemangioma primarily found in the genitourinary tract. We present a case of a patient with an anastomotic hemangioma located in the retroperitoneal space; then, we explore and summarize the imaging features from previously reported cases for accurate diagnosis.
Case presentation:
A 57-year-old woman complained of left lower back pain. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic mass with "slow-in and slow-out" enhancement. Abdominal CT scan displayed a well-defined, round soft tissue mass in the right retroperitoneal region with obvious enhancement. MRI indicated low signal on T1-weighted imaging, high signal on T2-weighted imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging, and progressive enhancement after enhancement. Surgical removal of the tumor was performed. Histopathological examination exhibited a distinct tumor border with interconnected blood vessels and a cavity lined by a single layer of cubic endothelial cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of CD31[+] and CD34[+]. The final pathological diagnosis was anastomotic hemangioma. No recurrence was observed during a 40-month follow-up.
Conclusion:
Retroperitoneal anastomotic hemangioma is a rare and benign neoplasm that may be misdiagnosed as ectopic pheochromocytoma or angiosarcoma. This case report presents and analyzes the imaging characteristics of a series of retroperitoneal anastomotic hemangiomas, which can be valuable for future diagnoses and help prevent unnecessary surgeries.
Bladder Paraganglioma Associated With Succinate Dehydrogenase A Mutation Presenting as Pelvic Pain
Authors: Gurbir Hehar, Dalia Rahmon, Ajaz Banka
Journal: JCEM Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: sdha, familial paraganglioma syndrome, paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 21-year-old female presented to the hospital with acute onset left pelvic pain that began while urinating. Ultrasound of the pelvis revealed a 1.7 cm structure within the bladder wall. Follow-up imaging with magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 1.9 cm mass in the urinary bladder wall. Cystoscopy with transurethral resection was performed. Histopathology of the obtained tissue confirmed the diagnosis of paraganglioma. Laboratory evaluation revealed evidence of catecholamine excess with elevated urine norepinephrine, urine normetanephrine, and plasma free normetanephrine. Functional imaging with Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) revealed increased uptake in the region of the known mass without findings of metastasis. Genetic testing revealed succinate dehydrogenase A mutation, consistent with paraganglioma syndrome 5. The patient was treated with alpha-adrenergic blockade prior to partial cystectomy. Urinary bladder paraganglioma is a rare entity. The diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion due to variable presentation. Hypertension and other signs of catecholamine excess, especially in relation to micturition, are important clues. Despite evidence of catecholamine excess in most patients with bladder paraganglioma, the majority are diagnosed after biopsy, indicating a need for improved diagnostic strategies in this patient population. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent potentially lethal cardiac complications and tumor metastasis.
Characteristic Video Laryngeal Endoscopic "Pharyngeal Rotation" in Unilateral Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle Paresis: A Case of Herpes Zoster Pharyngitis
Authors: Megumi Sone, Daisuke Mizokami, Saki Takihata, Akihiro Shiotani, Koji Araki
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: glossopharyngeal nerve palsy, herpes zoster pharyngitis, pharyngeal rotation, varicella zoster virus, videoendoscopic evaluation of swallowing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Herpes zoster pharyngitis (HZP) is a rare condition that should be considered as a differential diagnosis of acute dysphagia secondary to unilateral glossopharyngeal and/or vagal nerve palsy. Although early treatment is important to avoid adverse sequelae, serological diagnosis of varicella zoster virus (VZV) takes over a few days. Therefore, it is important to actively suspect VZV infection based on physical findings. Mucocutaneous lesions, curtain signs, and laryngeal palsy are well-known characteristic physical findings. In addition to these findings, the video laryngeal endoscopic finding that the pharyngeal constrictor muscles contract on only one side during swallowing, showing an appearance of "pharyngeal rotation", is one of the characteristic findings of glossopharyngeal/vagal nerve palsy and can support the diagnosis. We report the case of an 82-year-old Asian female who presented with acute dysphagia, sore throat, left ear pain, and fever that persisted for several days. Initial video laryngeal endoscopy revealed a markedly decreased pharyngeal reflex and significant salivary retention without mucosal vesicular lesions. Repeat videoendoscopic evaluation of swallowing revealed characteristic pharyngeal rotation, which was helpful in diagnosing unilateral pharyngeal constrictor muscle paresis, thus suggesting unilateral glossopharyngeal/vagal nerve palsy. An increase in serum antibody titers (IgG and IgM) against VZV was observed. Bilateral differences and rotation of the pharynx during pharyngeal contraction can be detected endoscopically in pharyngeal constrictor muscle paresis caused by glossopharyngeal/vagal nerve palsy and should be evaluated during video laryngeal endoscopy in patients with dysphagia.
A Case of Rapidly Progressive De Novo Metastatic Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aryan Dalal, Sean Clark-Garvey, Andrew Gdowski, Sophia Zhang, Sara E Wobker, Steven P Rowe, Ersan Altun, Himisha Beltran, Matthew I Milowsky
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2024)
Keywords: case report, prostate cancer, small-cell/neuroendocrine carcinoma, treatment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: Neuroendocrine/small-cell prostate cancer (NEPC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of prostate cancer, which typically develops after prolonged treatment for metastatic castration-resistant disease, but can, less commonly, occur de novo. Case Presentation: We describe a case of de novo NEPC in a tumor with mixed pathology including acinar adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine/small-cell carcinoma with rapid progression of metastatic disease. Despite initiation of treatment with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and chemotherapy, the patient continued to exhibit progression leading to multiple complications including a large bowel obstruction and ultimately progressive hepatic metastases resulting in liver failure. Conclusion: This case illustrates the clinical presentation and highly aggressive nature of de novo NEPC. Recognizing atypical clinical progression in prostate cancer is critical for the detection of NEPC; however, despite early identification and initiation of treatment, the prognosis remains poor, thus highlighting the need for further study into NEPC biology and novel therapeutic approaches.
Case report: Whole exome sequencing identified a novel mutation (p.Y301H) of MAF in a Chinese family with congenital cataracts
Authors: Zhao-Jing Lin, Jie-Yi Long, Juan Li, Fang-Na Wang, Wei Chu, Lei Zhu, Ya-Li Li, Liang-Liang Fan
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: maf, congenital cataract, inherited cataract, missense mutation, whole exome sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Congenital cataracts stand as the primary cause of childhood blindness globally, characterized by clouding of the eye's lens at birth or shortly thereafter. Previous investigations have unveiled that a variant in the V-MAF avian musculoaponeurotic-fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog (MAF) gene can result in Ayme-Gripp syndrome and solitary cataract. Notably, MAF mutations have been infrequently reported in recent years.
Methods:
In this investigation, we recruited a Chinese family with non-syndromic cataracts. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were applied to scrutinize the genetic anomaly within the family.
Results:
Through whole exome sequencing and subsequent data filtration, a new mutation (NM_005360, c.901T>C/p.Y301H) in the MAF gene was detected. Sanger sequencing validated the presence of this mutation in another affected individual. The p.Y301H mutation, situated in an evolutionarily preserved locus, was not detected in our 200 local control cohorts and various public databases. Additionally, multiple bioinformatic programs predicted that the mutation was deleterious and disrupted the bindings between MAF and its targets.
Conclusion:
Hence, we have documented a new MAF mutation within a Chinese family exhibiting isolated congenital cataracts. Our study has the potential to broaden the spectrum of MAF mutations, offering insights into the mechanisms underlying cataract formation and facilitating genetic counseling and early diagnosis for congenital cataract patients.
The intestinal microbiota as an ally in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sabrina Sehn Hilgert, Daniel Penteado Martins Dias
Journal: Gut Microbiome (Camb) (2023)
Keywords: alzheimer’s, gut–brain axis, microbiota, pathophysiology, patients
MeSH terms: Review

The evolution of the understanding of the intestinal microbiota and its influence on our organism leverages it as a potential protagonist in therapies aimed at diseases that affect not only the intestine but also neural pathways and the central nervous system itself. This study, developed from a thorough systematic review, sought to demonstrate the influence of the intervention on the intestinal microbiota in subjects with Alzheimer's disease. Clinical trials using different classes of probiotics have depicted noteworthy remission of symptoms, whose measurement was performed based on screenings and scores applied before, during, and after the period of probiotics use, allowing the observation of changes in functionality and symptomatology of patients. On the other hand, faecal microbiota transplantation requires further validation through clinical trials, even though it has already been reported in case studies as promising from the symptomatology point of view. The current compilation of studies made it possible to demonstrate the potential influence of the intestinal microbiota on Alzheimer's pathology. However, new clinical studies with a larger number of participants are needed to obtain further clarification on pathophysiological correlations.
Enterovirus-Rhinovirus-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Adults: A Case Report and Short Literature Review
Authors: Eirini Avgoustou, Aikaterini Spyridaki, Giorgos Pothitos, Antonios Papadopoulos, Spyridon Kois, Foula Vassilara
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses (EV-RV) are small RNA viruses that usually cause the common cold and asthma exacerbations. Although EV-RV-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is common in children, only scattered reports of ARDS in adults have been published. The diagnosis has been greatly facilitated by the advent of molecular techniques, namely, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). EV-RV can cause ARDS by stimulating a cytokine cascade. No antiviral therapy has yet been approved, and treatment is entirely supportive. Herein, we report a rare case of EV-RV infection in an afebrile adult with dyspnea that rapidly progressed to acute lung injury and ARDS. EV-RV was isolated with multiple real-time PCR in nasopharyngeal and bronchial specimens, while no other pathogen was detected. We also present an up-to-date review of relevant literature, in an attempt to stress the importance of the early identification of viral culprits, which can minimize the use of invasive diagnostic procedures and antibiotic agents.
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for vasoplegic shock after treprostinil refill of an implanted intravenous pump: a case report
Authors: Lucía Valencia, Sergio López, Ana Olivas, Ángel Becerra, María Desirée Alemán-Segura, Marta Évora-García, Nazario Ojeda, Leonardo Cabrera, Aurelio Rodríguez-Pérez, Gregorio Pérez-Peñate
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2024)
Keywords: va-ecmo, case report, overdose, treprostinil, vasoplegic shock
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy that can stabilize patients with hemodynamic compromise. Indications continue to evolve, including drug overdose. However, the indication merely for vasoplegic shock following drug overdose is controversial.
Case summary:
We report a case of a 57-year-old male with high-risk idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with upfront triple combination therapy (sildenafil, bosentan, and intravenous treprostinil infusion via subcutaneous abdominal implantable pump). In one of the refills of the drug reservoir, accidental administration of 1 months's supply of treprostinil (200 mg) into the subcutaneous tissue occurred, causing refractory vasoplegic shock. He required urgent VA-ECMO for 96 h, surviving to discharge 28 days later.
Discussion:
Treprostinil poisoning is rare due to its less frequent use but is life-threatening. ECMO may be considered in vasoplegic shock due to overdose of vasodilatory medication. It allows organ perfusion to be maintained, with the knowledge that recovery is as rapid as drug elimination.
Vaginal Bleeding in a Peri-Menopausal Woman
Authors: Ambika Shivarajpur, Brian Kohen
Journal: POCUS J (2024)
Keywords: pocus, complete molar pregnancy, hydatidiform mole, molar pregnancy, partial molar pregnancy presentation, snowstorm appearance
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a useful modality to initially identify a molar pregnancy. In this case, we describe a 51-year-old perimenopausal woman who presented to the emergency department (ED) with vaginal bleeding. A transvaginal POCUS was performed, revealing findings concerning for a molar pregnancy. These findings led to prompt diagnosis and treatment.