OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case report for an internet- and mobile-based intervention for internet use disorder
Authors: Karina Bernstein, Anna-Carlotta Zarski, Emilia Pekarek, Michael Patrick Schaub, Matthias Berking, Harald Baumeister, David Daniel Ebert
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2023)
Keywords: case report, internet use disorder, internet- and mobile-based intervention, social media use, student

Background and aims:
Internet use disorder (IUD), characterized as the inability to control one's internet use, is associated with reduced quality of life and mental health comorbidities such as depression, substance abuse, or anxiety. Evidence-based treatment options are scarce due to the novelty of the diagnosis. Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI) may be an effective means to deliver psychological treatment to individuals with IUD as they address affected individuals in their online setting. This study presents a newly developed IMI for IUD disclosing treatment satisfaction and preliminary effects by exemplifying with a case report.
Methods:
The case of a female participant with IUD, characterized by an excessive use of social media, is analyzed. The case report follows the CARE guidelines and presents qualitative and quantitative outcomes regarding potential symptom reduction measured by the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS), treatment satisfaction measured by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ) and feasibility by analyzing participant's written feedback during treatment.
Results:
The case report shows that internet- and mobile-based interventions may be feasible in supporting an individual in reducing symptoms of IUD as well as depressive symptoms, anxiety and procrastination behavior. Treatment satisfaction was reported as good.
Discussion and conclusions:
This case report illustrates that IMIs can have the potential to be an easily accessible and possibly effective treatment option for IUD. Case studies on IMIs may provide insights into important mechanisms for symptom change. Further studies are needed to expand our understanding of this diverse disorder to provide adequate treatment.
Clinical trial registration:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/,DRKS00015314.
Case Report: Early-Onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2N With Reversible White Matter Lesions Repeatedly Mimicked Stroke or Encephalitis
Authors: Huasheng Huang, Yu Zhang, Mingxiu Yang, Baorong Lian, Rui Guo, Liming Cao
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: case report, early-onset charcot-marie-tooth disease type 2n, encephalitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, stroke-like onset
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a rare group of peripheral neuropathies with high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. CMT type 2N (CMT 2N) is a rare subtype of CMT with few clinical reports. The clinical presentation mimics that of other diseases, frequently leading to misdiagnoses. We present a case of CMT 2N with reversible white matter lesions (WMLs), which repeatedly mimicked stroke or encephalitis. We include a literature review to the improve management of this disease.
Case description:
An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with slurred speech and limb weakness that had persisted for 1 day. Physical examination revealed lethargy, dysarthria, and a positive bilateral Babinski sign. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed no abnormalities. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetrical abnormal signal areas in the paraventricular white matter and corpus callosum. The patient was suspected of having viral encephalitis and recovered rapidly after treatment.He was hospitalized 3 years later for limb weakness, barylalia, and facial paralysis persisting for 1 day. MRI showed an abnormal signal in the bilateral corona radiata. He was suspected of having a stroke or encephalitis. He was completely recovered after treatment.After a second 3-year span, he was admitted for another stroke-like episode. Physical examination revealed facial-lingual hemiparesis, mild atrophy of the left thenar muscle, decreased muscle strength in the extremities, and disappearance of the tendon reflex. MRI revealed more pronounced abnormal signals in the bilateral centrum semiovale and corpus callosum. Antibodies against autoimmune encephalitis were negative. A nerve conduction velocity (NCV) study showed motor and sensory four-limb nerve demyelination with axonal damage, most notably at the distal end. His symptoms were resolved after active treatment. A follow-up MRI showed the complete disappearance of the abnormal white matter signal. Whole exon sequencing showed a heterozygous mutation [c.2093C > T(p.Ser698Phe)] in the alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 gene (AARS1). His mutation, clinical features, and electrophysiological testing led to a diagnosis of CMT 2N.
Discussion:
Early-Onset CMT 2N with reversible WMLs can often mimic stroke or encephalopathy. Affected individuals may show an atypical posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) on MRI. Careful family history assessment, physical examination, nerve conduction studies, MRIs, and genetic testing are essential for early diagnosis. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Vinorelbine-induced regression of a choroidal metastasis from primary breast carcinoma
Authors: Malvika Arya, Jay S Duker
Journal: Int J Retina Vitreous (2018)
Keywords: antineoplastic agents phytogenic, breast cancer, chemotherapeutic anticancer agents, choroid, choroidal neoplasm, oct, optical coherence tomography, uveal neoplasm, vinorelbine
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Various therapeutic options exist to treat choroidal metastatic lesions. However, they are all associated with potential long-term adverse effects. This case report discusses a case of choroidal metastasis from primary breast carcinoma that regressed after single-agent chemotherapy.
Case presentation:
We report a case of choroidal metastasis from estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast carcinoma that became resistant to endocrine therapy. The primary malignancy was treated with surgical resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, followed by hormone therapy with various agents in combination with kinase inhibitors for ER resistance. The choroidal metastatic lesion regressed after the initiation of vinorelbine. Vinorelbine is a cytotoxic vinca alkaloid with tolerable systemic adverse effects.
Conclusions:
This case report highlights the possible role of vinorelbine as a single chemotherapeutic agent for the conservative therapy of uveal metastasis from advanced breast carcinoma, irrespective of responsiveness to hormone therapy.
"When I woke up I was so worried and ashamed, I thought it was a disease": Adolescent boys' transitions through puberty in Kenya
Authors: Allison Carney, Titus Mulei, Daniel Kurao, Christine Hagstrom, Marni Sommer
Journal: Front Reprod Health (2022)
Keywords: kenya, adolescents, boys, gender, health, maturation, puberty

Growing evidence suggests a need for more focused attention on boys' experiences of puberty in sub-Saharan Africa to assure healthy transitions into young adulthood. Existing research remains limited on the masculinity norms shaping boys' maturation experiences in Kenya. To help fill this gap, we conducted a comparative case study using qualitative methodologies with 16-19-year-old male youth in rural and urban Kenya, and with adults interacting in boys' daily lives. Findings suggest that Kenyan boys experience shame, confusion and silence around changes happening in their bodies; face pressures from new societal expectations as they become young men; and have adolescent lives shaped by minimal supervision, increased peer pressures and engagement in more risky health behaviors. Additional research and targeted interventions on boys transitioning through puberty and early adolescence are needed to better understand their vulnerabilities and prevent or reduce their engagement in unsafe behaviors.
A case of a ruptured sclerosing liver hemangioma
Authors: Haris Papafragkakis, Martin Moehlen, Monica T Garcia-Buitrago, Beatrice Madrazo, Eddie Island, Paul Martin
Journal: Int J Hepatol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors found in the liver, typically asymptomatic, solitary, and incidentally discovered. Although vascular in nature, they rarely bleed. We report a case of a 52-year-old woman with a previously stable hemangioma who presented to our hospital with signs and symptoms indicative of spontaneous rupture. We review the literature, focusing on diagnosis and management of liver hemangiomas.
Subcutaneous Fat Obesity in a High Body Mass Index Donor Is Not a Contraindication to Living Donor Hepatectomy
Authors: Hirak Pahari, Amey Sonavane, Amruth Raj, Anup Kumar Agrawal, Ambreen Sawant, Deepak Kumar Gupta, Amit Gharat, Vikram Raut
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has revolutionized the field of transplantation without compromising donor safety. Donor safety is of paramount concern to the transplant team. BMI >35 kg/m2 is mostly considered a contraindication to liver donation. Here, we present a successful right donor hepatectomy from a donor with a BMI of 36.5 kg/m2. Case Summary. A 39-year-old wife donated her right lobe of liver to her 43-year-old husband with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related chronic liver disease (CLD). His indications were refractory ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, acute kidney injury, recurrent elbow and urine infections leading to cachexia. She was initially rejected due to a high BMI but failed to lose weight over the next 2 months, and the need for a transplant in her husband was imminent. With no other potential living donors, we decided to proceed with donor evaluation as she had no other comorbidity. We were surprised to find normal liver function tests and a good liver attenuation index (LAI) of +16 on a computed tomography (CT) scan. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a fat fraction of 3%. Volumetry confirmed a remnant of 37.9% and a potential graft-to-recipient weight ratio of 1.23. V/S ratio on CT scan (visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area at L4-level) was <0.4 confirming subcutaneous fat obesity. Both surgeries were uneventful and both donor and recipient recovered well except recipient re-exploration on postoperative day (POD)-1 due to surgical bleeding. The donor was discharged on POD-6 and recipient was discharged on POD-15. At 3 weeks of follow-up, the donor's wound is clean and well-healed, and she is already back to doing her daily life activities without any pain with normal laboratory parameters.
Conclusion:
Subcutaneous fat obesity should not be considered as a contraindication to liver donation even with a BMI >35 kg/m2. A small percentage of healthy individuals will not have visceral fat obesity and may not have steatotic livers. The CT scan and MR fat fraction estimation can confirm the findings. Biopsy may be avoided if MR fat estimation is <10% in obese donors. Intraoperative visualization in these donors remains the gold standard to decide the need for biopsy. Living donor hepatectomy may be safely performed in a select group of high BMI patients (>35 kg/m2) with pure subcutaneous fat obesity in the absence of other suitable living donors.
Bilateral Globus Pallidus Interna Combined With Subthalamic Nucleus Variable Frequency Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Young-Onset Parkinson's Disease With Refractory Dyskinesia: A Case Report
Authors: Bowen Chang, Jiaming Mei, Chi Xiong, Peng Chen, Manli Jiang, Chaoshi Niu
Journal: Front Neurosci (2021)
Keywords: parkinson's disease, deep brain stimulation (dbs), dyskinesia, subthalamic nucleus, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Main motor characteristics in Parkinson's disease (PD) include bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors. With the development of neuromodulation techniques, it has become possible to use deep brain stimulation (DBS) to control the symptoms of PD. However, since the subthalamic nucleus(STN) and globus pallidus interna (GPi) DBS have their own advantages and disadvantages, it is difficult to control symptoms of the patients. It is essential to find new stimulation methods. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old male PD patient with onset at the age of 12 years. The onset of the disease is presented with bradykinesia and progressively developed severe choreic dyskinesia with the use of medications. We then performed a thorough evaluation of the patient and decided to perform bilateral globus pallidus interna combined with subthalamic nucleus variable frequency DBS (bSGC-DBS) implantation, and after 2 years of follow-up the patient's bradykinesia and dyskinesia symptoms and quality of life improved significantly. Conclusions: This is the first case of bSCG-DBS in a PD patient with refractory dyskinesia, and the first report of encouraging results from this clinical condition. This important finding explores multi-electrode and multi-target stimulation for the treatment of dystonia disorders.
Technical Aspects and Considerations of Meso-Rex Bypass Following Liver Transplantation With Left Lateral Segment Grafts: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Christina Dalzell, Paola A Vargas, Kyle Soltys, Frank Di Paola, George Mazariegos, Nicolas Goldaracena
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (ehpvo), left lateral segment graft, living donor liver transplant (ldlt), meso-rex bypass, pediatric surgery
MeSH terms: Review

In pediatric patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction and complications of portal hypertension, but with normal liver function, a meso-Rex bypass (MRB) connecting the superior mesenteric vein to the intrahepatic left portal is the favored surgical management. Pediatric patients with a history of a partial liver transplant (LT), especially living donors, are at greater risk for portal vein complications. Hence, an adequate knowledge of this technique and its additional challenges in the post-LT patient setting is crucial. We provide an overview of the available literature on technical aspects for an MRB post-LT. Preoperative considerations are highlighted, along with intraoperative considerations and postoperative management. Special attention is given to the even-more-demanding aspect of performing an MRB post-liver transplantation with a left lateral segment. Surgical alternatives are also discussed. In addition, we report here a unique case in which this surgical technique was performed on a complex pediatric patient with a history of a living-donor LT with a left lateral segment graft over a decade ago.
Mycobacterium mucogenicum Hand Infection in an Intravenous Drug Abuser
Authors: Sijan Basnet, Izza Mir, Rashmi Dhital, Garima Basnet, Nitin Patel
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Mycobacterium mucogenicum is a rapidly growing mycobacterium found ubiquitously in water sources. It has been reported to cause widespread infections with infection entry from wound or central venous catheters especially in immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis is made from blood cultures which may take at least a week. Management includes removal of the source or drainage of wound infections and combination antimicrobial therapy.
Ophthalmologic identification of cerebral malaria in adults
Authors: Catarina Areias Pedrosa, Cristina Santos, Inês Coutinho, Maria Lisboa, Susana Teixeira, Filomena Silva, Graça Pires, Isabel Prieto
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2015)
Keywords: encephalopathy, malaria, malarial retinopathy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
To report the clinical presentation of malarial retinopathy in an adult, emphasizing the importance of this diagnosis for the clinical suspicion and prognosis of cerebral malaria.
Methods:
A 39-year-old caucasian man presented with hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, acidemia and acute renal failure, developing severe encephalopathy. The diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria was done and after systemic stabilization, the patient noticed a central scotoma in the left eye. Ophthalmological examination revealed retinal features of malarial retinopathy.
Results:
At one-month follow-up, the patient had improved his systemic condition and the left eye scotoma had disappeared. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes and on examination almost all lesions had regressed.
Conclusion:
Malarial retinopathy is a diagnostic factor and a prognosis indicator of severe P. falciparum infection, usually with brain involvement. The knowledge of the ophthalmological features associated with severe malaria, which is more frequent in children but can also occur in adults, becomes imperative in order to reduce the risk of neurologic sequelae and associated mortality.
Case Report: A Case of Hailey-Hailey Disease Mimicking Condyloma Acuminatum and a Novel Splice-Site Mutation of ATP2C1 Gene
Authors: Yuwei Dai, Lingling Yu, Yu Wang, Min Gao, Peiguang Wang
Journal: Front Genet (2021)
Keywords: atp2c1 gene, acantholytic dyskeratosis, familial benign chronic pemphigus, hailey–hailey disease, mutation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal-dominant blistering disorder characterized by recurrent vesicular and erosive lesions at intertriginous sites. We described a 24-year-old male who presented with multiple bright red verrucous papules in his mons pubis, bilateral groins, scrotum, perineum, and crissum, clinically resembling condyloma acuminatum. The histopathology showed extensive acantholysis with the characteristic appearance of a dilapidated brick-wall. The mutation analysis revealed a novel splice-site mutation in the ATP2C1 gene. The patient was definitely diagnosed with HHD. The antibacterial treatments resulted in a dramatic improvement. Our findings help to broaden the understanding of clinical manifestations of HHD and improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Recurrent Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Ileal GIST Diagnosed by Video Capsule Endoscopy-A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jie Ling, Marie Lamsen, Roger Coron, Danila Deliana, Sabah Siddiqui, Madhu Rangraj, Stephen Jesmajian
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2013)

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in the ileum is an extremely rare cause of recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Case Report. An 89-year-old man was admitted with melana. He had extensive PMH of CAD post-CABG/AICD, AAA repair, chronic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, lung cancer after resection, and recurrent GIB. Prior EGDs, colonoscopies, and upper device-assisted enteroscopy showed duodenal ulcer, A-V malformation s/p cauterization, and angioectasia. On admission, Hb was 6.0 g/dL. An endoscopic capsule study showed an ulcerated tumor in the ileum. CT showed no distant metastasis. The lesion was resected successfully and confirmed as a high-grade GIST. The patient was discharged with no further bleeding. Discussion. Early diagnosis for patients with ileal GIST is often challenging. Video capsule endoscopy and double balloon enteroscopy could be useful diagnostic tools. Surgical removal is the first line for a resectable GIST. Imatinib has become the standard therapy. Conclusion. This is a unique case of an ileal GIST in a patient with recurrent GIB which was diagnosed by video capsule. Complicated medical comorbidities often lead to a significant delay in diagnosis. Therefore, we recommend that if GIB does not resolve after appropriate treatments for known causes, the alternative diagnosis for occult GIB must be considered, including malignancy such as GIST.
Diagnostic challenge of dyspnea in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic wave: a case report
Authors: Zamelina Angela Razafindrasoa, Sonia Marcelle Razafimpihanina, Marie Odette Rasoafaranirina, Fidy Arnauld Martin, Finaritra Princy Parfait Andriamahenina, Diamondra Ombanjanahary Andriarimanga, Jocelyn Robert Rakotomizao, Harison Michel Tiaray, Joëlson Lovaniaina Rakotoson, Rondro Nirina Raharimanana
Journal: Egypt J Intern Med (2023)
Keywords: covid-19, case report, hiv, infection, madagascar
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Since its discovery, COVID-19 has often been the first diagnosis of dyspnea and asthenia, especially during the pandemic waves. However, it is not always COVID-19. We report a particular case of a late-diagnosed HIV-positive patient in Madagascar.
Case presentation:
A 21-year-old male patient was admitted to a hospital center in Antananarivo for dyspnea and poor general condition. Physical examination revealed hypoxemia of 85% on room air. His chest X-ray showed bilateral reticular-micronodular opacities. He was suspected and treated for COVID-19. On the 15th day of hospitalization, HIV-1 infection complicated by probable pneumocystis was diagnosed. On the other hand, a multimetastatic testicular cancer was also suspected. The patient died after a few hours of hospitalization in the intensive care unit.
Conclusion:
This was a case of an HIV-positive patient belatedly diagnosed in the complications stage during the COVID-19 pandemic wave. The investigation of the differential diagnoses remains crucial to avoid serial misdiagnosis and to adjust therapeutic management.
Case Report: Presence of Anti-MAG in the CSF Can Be Associated With a Neurodegenerative Process With Frontal Involvement
Authors: Guillaume Dorcet, Marie Benaiteau, Fabienne Ory-Magne, Antoine Blancher, Jérémie Pariente, Françoise Fortenfant, Chloé Bost
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: mag, autoantibodies, differential diagnosis, myelin alteration, neurodegenerative diseases
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is an increasingly broad nosological framework that may clinically mimic neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs).
Cases reported:
We describe here the clinical, radiological, electrophysiological, and biological evolution of three patients. Two women aged 73 and 72 years and a 69-year-old man presented with complex cognitive and focal neurological symptoms and each had a predominant frontal dysexecutive involvement and an unexpectedly high titer of anti-MAG antibodies in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The question of an autoimmune cause was raised. After 2 years of follow-up and, for two of them, without improvement despite immunosuppressive treatments, diagnoses of NDD were eventually retained: post-radiation encephalopathy, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and Alzheimer's disease.
Conclusion:
The presence of a high titer of anti-MAG antibodies may be found in NDD. It could reflect cerebral tissue damages, particularly in the case of significant frontal involvement. Atypical presentations may lead to a search for a paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome or AIE. However, the indirect immunofluorescence staining positivity on a monkey cerebellum section linked with anti-MAG antibodies should not lead to those diagnoses being retained.