OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Incorporating public priorities in the Ocean Health Index: Canada as a case study
Authors: Rémi M Daigle, Philippe Archambault, Benjamin S Halpern, Julia S Stewart Lowndes, Isabelle M Côté
Journal: PLoS One (2017)
MeSH terms: Conservation of Natural Resources / methods, Environmental Health, Health Priorities, Oceans and Seas, Public Opinion, American Indian or Alaska Native, Canada, Ecosystem, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires

The Ocean Health Index (OHI) is a framework to assess ocean health by considering many benefits (called 'goals') provided by the ocean provides to humans, such as food provision, tourism opportunities, and coastal protection. The OHI framework can be used to assess marine areas at global or regional scales, but how various OHI goals should be weighted to reflect priorities at those scales remains unclear. In this study, we adapted the framework in two ways for application to Canada as a case study. First, we customized the OHI goals to create a national Canadian Ocean Health Index (COHI). In particular, we altered the list of iconic species assessed, added methane clathrates and subsea permafrost as carbon storage habitats, and developed a new goal, 'Aboriginal Needs', to measure access of Aboriginal people to traditional marine hunting and fishing grounds. Second, we evaluated various goal weighting schemes based on preferences elicited from the general public in online surveys. We quantified these public preferences in three ways: using Likert scores, simple ranks from a best-worst choice experiment, and model coefficients from the analysis of elicited choice experiment. The latter provided the clearest statistical discrimination among goals, and we recommend their use because they can more accurately reflect both public opinion and the trade-offs faced by policy-makers. This initial iteration of the COHI can be used as a baseline against which future COHI scores can be compared, and could potentially be used as a management tool to prioritise actions on a national scale and predict public support for these actions given that the goal weights are based on public priorities.
A Case of Upper Limb Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis Presenting as Pseudoparalysis in a Two-Week-Old
Authors: Kuldeep Stohr, Guang Xia Xu
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pseudoparalysis presenting in infants is a rare manifestation, where infection and trauma are the principle differentials. We present a case of a two-week-old baby boy with pseudoparalysis who was initially diagnosed as Erb's palsy when presented in the emergency department and later re-presented with signs of sepsis. A later diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the humerus and septic arthritis of the shoulder was made. Despite antibiotic therapy and surgical drainage, the proximal epiphysis of his humerus remains abnormal; however, he has no apparent functional deficit of his right arm at four-year follow-up.
Solitary Plasmacytoma of the Mesentery: A Systematic Clinician's Diagnosis
Authors: Georgia Mitropoulou, Adamantia Zizi-Sermpetzoglou, Hippokrates Moschouris, Athanasios Kountourogiannis, Despoina Myoteri, Dionysios Dellaportas
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Plasmacytoma is an uncommon plasma cell neoplasm and its localized form is solitary plasmacytoma of the bone and solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary plasmacytoma of the mesentery is extremely rare, reported only in a handful of cases.
Case presentation:
A 47-year-old man with nonspecific abdominal complains was found to have an ill-defined mass on his mesenteric root. Laparoscopic biopsy and stepwise histopathological examination revealed a mesenteric plasmacytoma, and extensive imaging and laboratory investigations led to the diagnosis of the solitary mesenteric plasmacytoma. The patient underwent definitive radiotherapy and remains under remission one year later.
Discussion:
Plasma cell dyscrasias include a variant of proliferative disease, characterized by clonal expansion of bone marrow plasma cells, producing a massive quantity of monoclonal immunoglobulin called paraprotein or M-protein. Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma accounts for only 3-5% of all plasma cell neoplasms. Meticulous adherence to the established diagnostic criteria helps the clinician to set the correct, yet very unusual and unexpected diagnosis.
Brown syndrome in one pair of dizygotic twins: a case report
Authors: Abbas Attarzadeh, Abbas Hoseinirad, Feisal Rahat
Journal: Cases J (2010)

Introduction:
Brown syndrome is a rare ocular movement abnormality. This syndrome is characterized by an inability to elevate the affected eye in adduction. Most cases are sporadic but the occurrence in Monozygotic twins has suggested the possible autosomal dominant inheritance in Brown syndrome.
Case presentation:
A 4-year-old girl (one pair of dizygotic twins) was referred to our pediatric ophthalmology clinic to assess her abnormal eye movement noticed by her mother. Visual acuity of both eyes was 20/20 with Snellen chart. Ocular motility showed mild exotropia in primary position with marked divergence in upward gaze (V pattern), mild hypotropia in adduction, and limitation of elevation in adduction of both eyes (Fig. 1A). We also examined her sister, all ocular evaluations including visual acuity, slit lamp examination, funduscopy and ocular motility (Ductions & Versions) were normal without any limitation. We also review the related articles that previously have reported Brown syndrome in twins.
Conclusion:
Although there are few case reports of Brown syndrome in twins, combination of these reports may elucidate the genetic basis of this disease.
Colonic Basidiobolomycosis-An Unusual Presentation of Eosinophilic Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Elena Kurteva, Alasdair Bamford, Kate Cross, Tom Watson, Catherine Owens, Fanlek Cheng, John Hartley, Kathryn Harris, Elizabeth M Johnson, Keith Lindley, Samantha Levine, Jutta Köglmeier
Journal: Front Pediatr (2020)
Keywords: basidiobolomycosis, children, colon, eosinophilic inflammation, intestine
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal disease caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is unusual and poses both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, as clinical signs are non-specific and predisposing risk factors are lacking. It can mimick inflammatory bowel disease, primary immunodeficiency, or a malignancy and should be considered in patients who do not respond to standard therapy. We present the case of a 22 months old boy with confirmed colonic Basidiobolomycosis, who presented with severe eosinophilic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Panfungal PCR performed on DNA extracted directly from a tissue sample confirmed the presence of Basidiobolus. He made a full recovery with a combination of surgery and prolonged targeted antifungal medication.
Erythema Multiforme Induced by a "Milker's Nodule" Pseudocowpox Infection: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kyle Wu, Sara de Menezes, Aaron Robinson
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Milker's nodule is caused by the pseudocowpox virus following inoculation from infected cattle. We report the case of erythema multiforme induced by pseudocowpox infection in an 18-year-old female from regional Australia. While erythema multiforme has been described as a complication of orf, it is rare as a sequela of pseudocowpox infection. Greater clinical knowledge of this disease and potential complications aid in guiding appropriate management of this phenomenon.
Psoriasiform Dermatitis in a COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Marlyn Wu, Shereen Teymour, Robin Ashinoff, Hira Ghani
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory papulosquamous disorder which affects around 2% of the world's population. A peak exacerbation in psoriatic symptoms was noted during COVID-19 due to lack of access to dermatological care mixed with heightened emotional stress during the pandemic. This case report describes a 52-year-old admitted male patient who sustained a diffuse rash on multiple areas of his body a week prior to testing positive for COVID-19. We explore plausible causes for the occurrence of the rash, discuss our treatment plan, include relevant clinical pictures, and review published literature to examine conditions that present similarly to the rash seen in our patient. It is crucial for dermatologists to be able to discern various systemic manifestations associated with cutaneous lesions, such as the one seen in this patient, in order to make an accurate and prompt diagnosis. A better understanding of the association between COVID-19 infection and psoriasiform lesions is needed for improving the prognostic and therapeutic outcomes in patients.
Rare Cause of Late Recurrent Angina following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Iatrogenic Aortocoronary Arteriovenous Fistula Causing Coronary Steal
Authors: Jayakumar Sreenivasan, Muhammad Ayub, Neha Yadav, Yasmeen Golzar
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Iatrogenic aortocoronary arteriovenous fistula is a very rare complication of coronary artery bypass grafting in which one of the arterial grafts inadvertently forms a fistulous tract with a cardiac vein, shunting blood from the anastomosed coronary artery. We report a patient with an iatrogenic left internal mammary artery graft to cardiac vein fistula presenting with recurrent angina three years after a three-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting.
Bilateral variant origin of subclavian artery branches
Authors: Benny Jose Panakkal, Gopalan Nair Rajesh, Harish Babu Parakkal, Gomathy Subramaniam, Haridasan Vellani, Chakanalil Govindan Sajeev
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Subclavian artery branching patterns have been studied in cadaveric series and frequencies of the many variations have been documented. However, such variations have been seldom noticed antemortem. Here, we present the case of a very rare type of bilaterally different branching pattern of the subclavian artery.
Acute Stroke due to Vertebral Artery Dissection in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Marlene Marte Furment, Sandra Antigua Jimenez, Sangeetha Pabolu
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) when presenting with atypical features such as stroke is very challenging. Only 0.17% of first-ever strokes are caused by GCA, a life-threatening condition when left untreated. Very few cases have been reported on giant cell arteritis leading to acute stroke due to vertebral artery dissection. We present a case of a 76-year-old female with no medical history who presented with sudden onset right visual loss and left hemiparesis. She had been initially treated for acute stroke and upon further workup was found to have left vertebral artery dissection. She had erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 71 mm/h, and bilateral temporal artery biopsy was consistent with giant cell arteritis. Patient received high doses of methylprednisolone which resolved her hemiparesis, but her vision loss did not improve. Stroke in the presence of significant involvement of vertebral arteries should raise suspicion of GCA especially if classic symptoms preceded stroke event. High clinical suspicion is required to prevent delay in diagnosis and treatment.
A case report of synchronous triple primary malignancies: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, rectal adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Beixuan Qiu, Cheng Lin, Lupeng Wu, Yifei Li
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: diagnosis, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple primary malignancies, rectal cancer, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in August 2020 because of fever with night sweats and weight loss. The patient was eventually diagnosed with synchronous triple primary malignancies: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), rectal adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has not been reported previously. The patient initially received six cycles of R-Gemox chemotherapy targeting DLBCL, the response to the treatment was partial remission. We continued six cycles of R-CHOP therapy, and DLBCL achieved a complete remission to treatment. During R-CHOP chemotherapy, PD-1 inhibitor (Sintilimab) was used to control the disease progression of HCC, which was effective and tolerable. Subsequently, he successfully completed curative intent Dixon operation and right hemihepatectomy. The diagnosis and treatment for like these synchronous triple primary malignancies are a huge challenge, herein we provide our experience in this regard.
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by small intestinal benign tumors: 2 cases report
Authors: Mohamed Kane, Mohamed Zakaria Benaboud, Samba Traore, Salma Lokman, Soumia Nasri, Narjisse Aichouni, Imane Skiker, Imane Kamaoui
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: small intestinal lipoma, computed tomography angiography, gastrointestinal bleeding
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology, Ileal Neoplasms / complications, Jejunal Neoplasms / complications, Case Reports, Aged, Computed Tomography Angiography, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / diagnosis, Humans, Ileal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Intussusception / complications, Intussusception / diagnosis, Jejunal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Male

Gastrointestinal bleedings caused by small intestinal tumors are rare and difficult to diagnose because they are not easy to access to the conventional endoscopy. We report two cases, one of them from proximal jejunum and the other one from ileal intestine complicated by intussusception. The two cases were admitted in the emergency department for hematochezia and melena, the diagnosis was established by enhanced helical computed tomography angiography.
Factitious Hypoglycemia in an Infant With Undetectable Exogenous Insulin by a Commercial Insulin Immunoassay: A Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Hisham Arabi, Amir Babiker, Asma M Awadalla, Faroug Ababneh, Maha A AlMuneef
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: analogue insulin cross-reactivity, child protection, exogenous insulin, factitious hypoglycemia, insulin assay sensitivity, munchhausen by proxy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Factitious hypoglycemia in infancy is a rare, life-threatening manifestation of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). The hallmark of such presentation is the detection of low c-peptide combined with high insulin at the time of hypoglycemia. We report the case of a male infant who presented with recurrent severe unexplained hypoglycemic episodes since the age of six months. Two of his siblings had similar unexplained hypoglycemia episodes at a young age. He was extensively investigated, and all were normal, for endocrine and metabolic etiologies. He underwent fundoplication and insertion of a gastrostomy tube with multiple lengthy hospital admissions. His mother had diabetes and was on insulin treatment; she also had mental health issues with family-related social stressors. His hypoglycemic attacks resolved once separated briefly from his mother on the ward, raising our suspicion of MSBP. The exogenous administration of insulin was only confirmed following a scheduled change of our local Insulin assay in our laboratory when his insulin was detectable with low C-peptide on one of his typical attacks. Apparently, our previous insulin immunoassay lacked sensitivity for his mother's long-acting insulin. We are reporting this case to raise awareness about this potential diagnostic pitfall.
Advancing good governance in data sharing and biobanking - international aspects
Authors: Buddhika Fernando, Mandella King, Athula Sumathipala
Journal: Wellcome Open Res (2019)
Keywords: data-sharing, lmic, biobanking, capacity building, collaboration, data governance frameworks, fairness

Ethical and effective data-sharing among countries can be achieved by considering the interests of all relevant parties: research participants, researchers and funders. Fears of exploitation, however, both of research participants and researchers from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), can undermine the free flow of data necessary for scientific advancement. In this Open Letter, two case studies presented at the 2018 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research meeting on the Ethics of data sharing and biobanking in Cape Town, South Africa, function as the focal point for a reflection on the attributes of an ideal model of good data governance and how it can help support ethical best practices in biobanking and data sharing. Consideration of the case studies as well as the literature indicate three broad principles that need to be reflected in an ideal data governance framework: (i) collaboration - both among researchers as well as between researchers and participants, (ii) fairness - ensuring that all parties in international collaborations, the data provider, primary data gathering LMIC researcher and the high income country (HIC) institution/funder are treated fairly, and (iii) working towards a level playing field - neither collaboration nor fairness can be effectively achieved with the existing power differential between HIC and LMIC researchers/institutions; it is therefore necessary to work towards achieving a more level playing field between partners in research collaborations. Promoting good governance of data through fair, efficient and accountable governance frameworks can help build trust and ensure continued international data sharing.
Oral Mass of a Fetus Incidentally Found during Second Trimester: Ultrasound Survey and Postnatal Prognosis of the Baby
Authors: Huseyin Durukan, Savas Gundogan, Murside Çevikoğlu Kıllı, Talat Umut Kutlu Dilek
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ultrasound (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to detect and evaluate the face and neck tumors during the in-utero period. We reported and discussed an oral mass which was diagnosed incidentally at mid-trimester exam and managed successfully.
Two Cases of Enlarged Zuckerkandl's Tubercle of the Thyroid Displacing the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Laterally
Authors: Emin Gurleyik
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The thyroid has many anatomic variations. Zuckerkandl's tubercle (ZT) is the posterior extension of lateral lobes. ZT has a relation with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). RLN lateral to ZT is an uncommon occurrence. This paper presents two cases of this uncommon situation. A 60-year-old female patient with large multinodular goiter was treated with total thyroidectomy. A 69-year-old male patient with follicular neoplasm was treated with total lobectomy. The inferior thyroid arteries and the recurrent laryngeal nerves were identified with usual lateral approach. A left ZT was found in case 1 and a right ZT in case 2. Distal parts of the RLNs were displaced laterally by enlarged ZTs in both cases. Grade 3 ZTs composed of thyroid tissue were placed between the trachea and the RLNs. The ZT is a common anatomic feature of the thyroid. Close relation of the tubercle with the RLN is an important surgical entity. The enlarged ZT seldom pushes the nerve laterally. The knowledge of the anatomy of ZT and its relation with the RLN including all variations is mandatory for safe thyroid operations.
Mixed Cutaneous Infection Caused by Mycobacterium szulgai and Mycobacterium intermedium in a Healthy Adult Female: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Amresh Kumar Singh, Rungmei S K Marak, Anand Kumar Maurya, Manaswini Das, Vijaya Lakshmi Nag, Tapan N Dhole
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2015)

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are ubiquitous and are being increasingly reported as human opportunistic infection. Cutaneous infection caused by mixed NTM is extremely rare. We encountered the case of a 46-year-old female, who presented with multiple discharging sinuses over the lower anterior abdominal wall (over a previous appendectomy scar) for the past 2 years. Microscopy and culture of the pus discharge were done to isolate and identify the etiological agent. Finally, GenoType Mycobacterium CM/AS assay proved it to be a mixed infection caused by Mycobacterium szulgai and M. intermedium. The patient was advised a combination of rifampicin 600 mg once daily, ethambutol 600 mg once daily, and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily to be taken along with periodic follow-up based upon clinical response as well as microbiological response. We emphasize that infections by NTM must be considered in the etiology of nonhealing wounds or sinuses, especially at postsurgical sites.
Unusual Case of Extraction of Maxillary Lateral Incisors and Mandibular Central Incisors
Authors: Rosa-María Yañez-Vico, Maria Cadenas de Llano-Perula, Enrique Solano-Reina
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
This article's purpose is to report a case where maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular central incisors are extracted and a canine substitution was performed as the best therapeutic option in order to obtain symmetry in a malocclusion with an upper lateral incisor with poor prognostic, solve moderate crowding, get enough space for the permanent dentition, and provide stability to the results.
Case report:
An 11-year-old boy with straight profile with acute-to-normal nasolabial angle and protruded lips, mixed dentition, lower and upper severe crowding, and a bilateral molar angle Class I. The left maxillary lateral incisor failed endodontic treatment secondary to an intrusive traumatic lesion in the primary and permanent dentition. The treatment of choice was the extraction of both upper lateral incisors and both central lower incisors. The patient finished with molar and canine angle Class I and coincident midlines and was functionally stable; both lateral and protrusive jaw movements were effectively made by the first premolars and central incisors and canines without improper contacts of the rest of the teeth. Overbite of one-third and correct overjet were also achieved, and the esthetic outcome was satisfactory due to the composed material restorations of both the central and lateral incisors, as well as recontouring of the first maxillary premolars.
Primary retroperitoneal malignant melanoma
Authors: Aziz Zentar, Rabie Makhmari, Hicham Elkaoui, Mohammed Bouchentouf, Hicham Lahnini, Said Belhamid, Ahmed Bounaim, Abdelmounaim Aitali, Khalid Sair
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: melanoma, malignant, primary retroperitoneal
MeSH terms: Abdominal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Abdominal Neoplasms / surgery, Melanoma / diagnosis, Melanoma / surgery, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Humans, Retroperitoneal Space

We report a case of an extremely rare primary malignant melanoma presenting in the retroperitomeum, indurcing a diagnostic and management problem.
Successful surgical treatment of congenital aortopulmonary window in an adult patient
Authors: Alessandro Giamberti, Raul Abella, Eduardo Consuegra Llapur, Abdallah Raweh, Silvia Cirri, Alessandro Frigiola
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Congenital aortopulmonary window is a rare inborn cardiac malformation that should be surgically treated as soon as the diagnosis is made usually during infancy. We report a successful surgical treatment of a 23-year-old male patient with a big type III aortopulmonary window.