OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case report: Bilateral eye injuries in members of one family due to a cluster munition in Ukraine
Authors: Katarzyna Nowomiejska, Katarzyna Adamczyk, Dariusz Haszcz, Nataliya Preys, Robert Rejdak
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: bilateral multiple iofbs, combat injury, open- and closed-globe injuries, pediatric eye injuries, severe vision loss
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The aim of the study was to report the effects of surgical treatment of three victims of a cluster munition in Ukraine. A 32-year-old woman and her sons-6-year-old male twins-presented in Poland after 18 days of delay in treatment. All ocular injuries were bilateral. One of the boys presented with total retinal detachment and a post-traumatic cataract as well as corneal sutures in one eye and a post-traumatic cataract in the other eye. The other boy had already developed atrophy in one eye and a vitreous hemorrhage in the other eye. The woman suffered from bilateral post-traumatic cataract with multiple glass intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs). The surgical treatment included cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation in three eyes, removal of IOFBs in one eye, and enucleation of the atrophic eye with implantation of an ocular prosthesis preventing constriction of face tissues. The eye with retinal detachment underwent pars plana vitrectomy, and the vitreous hemorrhage resolved itself. Postoperatively, visual acuity improved significantly in four of six eyes. Only in the eye with an open-globe injury and persistent retinal detachment, the final visual acuity was still poor. In conclusion, cluster munition may lead to bilateral ocular trauma with IOFBs, open-and close-globe injuries, and severe vision loss if left untreated. Modern ophthalmic surgery leads to vision with IOL improvement and solving the eyes after severe combat injury.
Embodied Heuristics
Authors: Gerd Gigerenzer
Journal: Front Psychol (2021)
Keywords: adaptive toolbox, bounded rationality, embodied heuristics, gaze heuristic, interception problems, sensorimotor abilities

Intelligence evolved to cope with situations of uncertainty generated by nature, predators, and the behavior of conspecifics. To this end, humans and other animals acquired special abilities, including heuristics that allow for swift action in face of scarce information. In this article, I introduce the concept of embodied heuristics, that is, innate or learned rules of thumb that exploit evolved sensory and motor abilities in order to facilitate superior decisions. I provide a case study of the gaze heuristic, which solves coordination problems from intercepting prey to catching a fly ball. Various species have adapted this heuristic to their specific sensorimotor abilities, such as vision, echolocation, running, and flying. Humans have enlisted it for solving tasks beyond its original purpose, a process akin to exaptation. The gaze heuristic also made its way into rocket technology. I propose a systematic study of embodied heuristics as a research framework for situated cognition and embodied bounded rationality.
Traumatic anterior abdominal wall hernia: A report of three rare cases
Authors: Rikki Singal, Usha Dalal, Ashwani Kumar Dalal, Ashok Kumar Attri, Raman Gupta, Anupama Gupta, Bikash Naredi, Deepesh Benjamin Kenwar, Samita Gupta
Journal: J Emerg Trauma Shock (2011)
Keywords: abdominal wall, blunt trauma, bowel, herniation, management, perforation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia is a rare condition that can follow any blunt trauma. Associated intra-abdominal injuries are infrequent. In this study, we are reporting three cases, diagnosed as abdominal wall hernia associated with herniation of bowel loops due to blunt trauma. In one case, injury of the herniated bowel was seen. In western medical literature, only few cases have been reported especially with intra-abdominal injuries.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Induced Pseudotumor Cerebri during Induction Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Dylan Holmes, Prakash Vishnu, Russell K Dorer, David M Aboulafia
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of vitamin A, is an essential component in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Though considered to be a relatively safe drug, use of ATRA can lead to several side effects such as retinoic acid syndrome and pseudotumor cerebri (PC). PC is a rare disorder characterized by neurologic and ocular signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, but with normal cerebrospinal fluid composition and normal brain imaging. Most of the previous studies suggest that PC, as a complication of ATRA therapy, occurs predominantly in the pediatric age group. Herein, we report a rare case of ATRA-induced PC in a 38-year-old woman undergoing induction treatment for APL. Symptoms improved with discontinuation of ATRA and treatment with acetazolamide. Concomitant administration of medications such as triazole antifungals which influence the cytochrome P-450 system can exacerbate this potential complication of ATRA. In this paper, we also review the current literature, provide a descriptive analysis of clinical features, and discuss the principles of management of ATRA-induced PC.
Sciatica from a foraminal lumbar root schwannoma: case report and review of literature
Authors: Tarush Rustagi, Siddharth Badve, Aseem N Parekh
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sciatica is commonly caused by lumbar prolapsed intervertebral disc (PID) and other spinal lesions. Uncommon causes like nerve root schwannoma are rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of sciatica. Spinal schwannomas occur both sporadically and in association with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; von Recklinghausen's disease). This case report describes lumbar foraminal schwannoma as an unusual cause of radiculopathy, presenting clinically as a lumbar disc prolapse. The diagnosis was confirmed on MRI scan. Patient had complete symptomatic recovery following surgical enucleation of the tumour mass from the L5 nerve root. This case report is of particular interest as it highlights the diagnostic confusion, which is bound to arise, because the clinical presentation closely mimics a lumbar PID. This often leads to delay in diagnosis and "failure of conservative treatment."
Metacognitive Therapy for Emotional Distress in Adult Cancer Survivors: A Case Series
Authors: Peter L Fisher, Angela Byrne, Peter Salmon
Journal: Cognit Ther Res (2017)
Keywords: cancer survivors, case series study, emotional distress, metacognitive therapy

Many adult cancer survivors experience persistent emotional distress after completing cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to test the potential of a brief transdiagnostic psychological intervention-metacognitive therapy (MCT)-in reducing emotional distress in adult cancer survivors. A non-concurrent multiple baseline design with 3- and 6-months follow-up was used to evaluate the effects of MCT in four patients consecutively referred to a psycho-oncology service. Each patient received six 1-h sessions of MCT. Anxiety, depression, worry/rumination, fear of cancer recurrence and metacognitive beliefs were assessed using self-report questionnaires. MCT was associated with clinically significant reductions in anxiety, depression, fear of cancer recurrence, worry/rumination and metacognitive beliefs at the end of treatment, and gains were maintained in all patients to 3-months follow-up and in three out of four patients to 6-months follow-up. MCT is a promising brief transdiagnostic approach to psychological morbidity in adult survivors of cancer. Larger scale controlled trials are now required.
Chronic Cluster Headache with an Atypical Presentation and Treatment Response
Authors: Telma Santos, Hugo Morais
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The management of cluster headache (CH) may be challenging. We report a 50-year-old male with recurrent attacks of dull and severe unilateral periorbital pain, lasting 30-45 minutes, twice a day, exclusively during sleep, and accompanied by ipsilateral rhinorrhea and lacrimation. The pain switched sides within every attack. CH treatment was initiated but the patient maintained recurrence rates compatible with chronic CH, even after increasing verapamil to 460 mg/day. Afterwards we decided to add lithium (800 mg/day). With this treatment the severity and recurrence of CH substantially decreased, despite the patient's autonomous decision to take lithium only during the acute phase of the cluster. The exclusively alternating location and the excellent response to short cycles of lithium represent two unique features of CH.
CALFAN (Low γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) Cholestasis, Acute Liver Failure, and Neurodegeneration) Syndrome: A Case Report with 3-Year Follow-Up after Liver Transplantation in Early Adulthood
Authors: Mariam Youssef, Katherine L Mascia, Brendan McGuire, Chirag R Patel, Sameer Al Diffalha, Deepti Dhall, Goo Lee
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

CALFAN syndrome is an extremely rare disease consisting of recurrent pediatric acute liver failure (PALF), neurodegenerative diseases, and skeletal abnormalities associated with SCYL1 gene mutation. To date, three of 18 patients reported underwent liver transplantation in infancy and early childhood (7-23 months). Here, we report a case of CALFAN syndrome with infantile onset, recurrent jaundice/PALF requiring liver transplantation in early adulthood. At the most recent follow-up, 3 years after transplantation, the patient is doing well.
Treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to lupus erythematosus with recombinant activated factor VII administered with a jet nebulizer
Authors: Raúl Carrillo Esper, Isis Espinoza de Los Monteros Estrada, Teresa de la Torre León, Agustín Omar Rosales Gutiérrez, Jorge Arturo Nava López
Journal: J Intensive Care (2014)
Keywords: dah (recombinant activated factor vii), diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, systemic lupus erythematosus (sle)

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a serious pulmonary complication in patients with autoimmune diseases who are undergoing chemotherapy or have had hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The use of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) to treat the acute phase of DAH by endobronchial bronchoscopy has been shown to have a significant clinical impact on the survival and evolution of these patients. We report a clinical case of a patient with DAH secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who was treated with rFVIIa administered using a jet nebulizer, obtaining an adequate hemostatic effect with immediate control of DAH and a significant improvement in gas exchange.
Removal of a broken cannulated intramedullary nail: review of the literature and a case report of a new technique
Authors: Amr A Abdelgawad, Enes Kanlic
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2013)

Nonunion of long bones fixed with nails may result in implant failure. Removal of a broken intramedullary nail may be a real challenge. Many methods have been described to allow for removal of the broken piece of the nail. In this paper, we are reviewing the different techniques to extract a broken nail, classifying them into different subsets, and describing a new technique that we used to remove a broken tibial nail with narrow canal. Eight different categories of implant removal methods were described, with different methods within each category. This classification is very comprehensive and was never described before. We described a new technique (hook captured in the medulla by flexible nail introduced from the locking hole) which is a valuable technique in cases of nail of a small diameter where other methods cannot be used because of the narrow canal of the nail. Our eight categories for broken nail removal methods simplify the concepts of nail removal and allow the surgeon to better plan for the removal procedure.
Abdominal pain after gastric bypass: labor, uterine rupture, or obstruction and internal hernia
Authors: Sarah N Cross, Unzila Nayeri, Andrew Duffy, Christian M Pettker
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Although gastric bypass may reduce obesity-related complications of subsequent pregnancies, surgical complications requiring antenatal and postpartum interventions are not uncommon. Case. A 26-year-old G4P1112 status post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass required multiple urgent antenatal evaluations due to frequent episodes of abdominal pain. At 35 + 4 weeks, she presented with severe abdominal pain; initial evaluation was negative for gastrointestinal pathology. The patient was found to be in preterm labor and underwent a repeat cesarean section. The postoperative course was complicated by bowel obstruction due to internal hernia resulting in an emergent laparotomy and a prolonged hospital course. Conclusion. As more reproductive-aged women opt for surgical treatment of obesity, it is essential that obstetricians recognize complications to be able to counsel and appropriately care for these patients.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Misinterpreted as SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Carlos Metz, Torben Rixecker, Sebastian Mang, André Becker, Alexander Maßmann, Sören L Becker, Cihan Papan, Barbara Gärtner, Frederik Seiler, Guy Danziger, Robert Bals, Philipp M Lepper
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
In 2020, a novel coronavirus caused a global pandemic with a clinical picture termed COVID-19, accounting for numerous cases of ARDS. However, there are still other infectious causes of ARDS that should be considered, especially as the majority of these pathogens are specifically treatable. Case Presentation. We present the case of a 36-year-old gentleman who was admitted to the hospital with flu-like symptoms, after completing a half-marathon one week before admission. As infection with SARS-CoV-2 was suspected based on radiologic imaging, the hypoxemic patient was immediately transferred to the ICU, where he developed ARDS. Empiric antimicrobial chemotherapy was initiated, the patient deteriorated further, therapy was changed, and the patient was transferred to a tertiary care ARDS center. As cold agglutinins were present, the hypothesis of an infection with SARS-CoV-2 was then questioned. Bronchoscopic sampling revealed Mycoplasma (M.) pneumoniae. When antimicrobial chemotherapy was adjusted, the patient recovered quickly.
Conclusion:
Usually, M. pneumoniae causes mild disease. When antimicrobial chemotherapy was adjusted, the patient recovered quickly. The case underlines the importance to adhere to established treatment guidelines, scrutinize treatment modalities, and not to forget other potential causes of severe pneumonia or ARDS.
Case Report: Systemic Inflammatory Response and Fast Recovery in a Pediatric Patient With COVID-19
Authors: Adam Klocperk, Zuzana Parackova, Jitka Dissou, Hana Malcova, Petr Pavlicek, Tomas Vymazal, Pavla Dolezalova, Anna Sediva
Journal: Front Immunol (2020)
Keywords: covid-19, pims-ts, sars-cov-2, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, innate immunity, macrophage activation syndrome, neutrophil, pediatric
MeSH terms: Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage, Betacoronavirus / immunology, Betacoronavirus / metabolism, Coronavirus Infections / blood, Coronavirus Infections / diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections / drug therapy, Coronavirus Infections / immunology, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / administration & dosage, Immunosuppression Therapy, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / immunology, Macrophage Activation Syndrome / diagnosis, Macrophage Activation Syndrome / drug therapy, Macrophage Activation Syndrome / immunology, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral / blood, Pneumonia, Viral / diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral / drug therapy, Pneumonia, Viral / immunology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, COVID-19, Child, Female, Humans, Inflammation / diagnosis, Inflammation / drug therapy, Inflammation / immunology, Neutrophils, SARS-CoV-2, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous

We report a case of an 8-year-old girl who underwent a SARS-CoV-2 infection manifesting with atypical symptoms spearheaded by abdominal discomfort and systemic inflammation and partially mimicking hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) or macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), which however did not fulfill the HLH/MAS diagnostic criteria. In this case of what has since been described as Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-COV-2 (PIMS-TS) we documented excellent clinical response to immunosuppression with systemic corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins. We show a detailed longitudinal development of neutrophil immunophenotype which suggests activation and engagement of neutrophils during PIMS-TS with compensatory contraction of the response and contra-regulation of neutrophil phenotype during recovery.
Dwarfs in disguise: multiple spinal abscesses and spondylodiscitis caused by an Enterococcus faecium small-colony variant
Authors: Steffen Höring, Katharina Sobotta, Sylke Schneider, Bettina Löffler, Jürgen Rödel
Journal: Access Microbiol (2019)
Keywords: enterococcus faecium, scv, small-colony variant, spinal abscess, spondylodiscitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Small-colony variants are slow-growing subpopulations of bacteria known to be involved in latent or recurrent infections, especially in deep-seated foci. Their atypical growth in small colonies can hamper prompt and correct identification in clinical specimens. Here, we present the first case of multiple spinal abscesses and spondylodiscitis associated with an Enterococcus faecium small-colony-variant in an immunocompetent patient. This case demonstrates the diagnostic challenges when encountering this phenotype in the diagnostic laboratory.
Anti-AQP4-IgG-positive Leigh syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jun Chen, Jianjun Wang, Jing Gan, Rong Luo, Zuozhen Yang, Mengmeng Liang, Xiaolu Chen
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: leigh syndrome, mt-atp6, anti-aqp4–igg, case report, m9176t > c
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Leigh syndrome (LS; OMIM: 256000) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by genetic mutations resulting in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation defects. The prognosis is poor, with most children dying before the age of 2 years. MT-ATP6 variants are the most common mitochondrial DNA mutations in LS. MT-ATP6 variant-induced LS may trigger autoimmunity, and immunotherapy might be effective. Here, we present the first pediatric case of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG-positive LS caused by an MT-ATP6 variant.
Case:
A 1-year-old boy was hospitalized due to recurrent fever, cough, and developmental regression. Two months previously, he had developed reduced responses to stimulation and psychomotor retardation. After admission, his condition deteriorated and respiratory failure ensued. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed symmetrical small patchy abnormal signals around the third ventricle, pons, and dorsal periaqueductal gray matter in the dorsal medulla. Laboratory tests revealed anti-AQP4-IgG antibodies. Anti-infection, immunoglobulin, and glucocorticoid therapy were administered for symptomatic treatment. Genetic testing revealed a de novo homogeneous pathogenic variant of MT-ATP6 (m.9176T > C, mutation ratio: 99.97%). The patient was diagnosed with anti-AQP4-IgG-positive LS, treated with "cocktail therapy" (vitamins B1, B2, C, and E, l-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10), and discharged after his condition improved. A literature review revealed that LS-induced mitochondrial defects can impact the immune system; hence, immunotherapy and early mitochondrial cocktail therapy may improve outcomes.
Conclusion:
Anti-AQP4-IgG-positive LS is very rare. Patients with LS with the m.9176T > C variant of MT-ATP6 may be susceptible to autoimmune damage of the central nervous system. Early cocktail therapy combined with immunotherapy may improve their prognosis.
Intrasplenic Pancreatic Pseudocyst after Chemoradiation of a Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Progressive Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Thomas Benter, Oliver Roehr, Lutz Moser, Philipp Kiewe, Leopold Hentschel, Ivan Platzek, Markus K Schuler
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Chemoradiation is one of the therapeutic options in palliative treatment of locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with a well-known safety profile. In this case report, we describe the treatment-related occurrence of an intrasplenic pancreatic pseudocyst which was successfully removed by gastrocystic drainage. This rare complication should be considered in the follow-up and clinical management of patients, particularly if left-sided complaints occur.
Special Care Dentistry in a Patient with Prader-Willi Syndrome through the Use of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment under General Anesthesia
Authors: Caio Vinícius Gonçalves Roman-Torres, Sérgio Takashi Kussaba, Yasmin Comoti Vita Bantim, Roberta de Barros Antunes Almeida de Oliveira
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Prader-Willi syndrome described in 1956 has a genetic origin, affecting both genders, varying in presence and intensity from individual to individual. A precocious diagnosis, before the manifestation of symptoms, has brought some improvement in the quality of life of the carriers in the last years. The objective of this case report was to describe the treatment realized in a 3-year-old boy who presented grade II obesity, difficulty of locomotion, hypotonia, and history of cardiopathy. A dental treatment under general anesthesia was defined, allowing an oral adequation in a single section, in which it was planned the extraction of the element 74 and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) technique in the other teeth. The precocious intervention in this 3-year-old patient by the therapy realized with ART under general anesthesia was done with success, avoiding unnecessary extractions, preserving dental elements, and maintaining the oral cavity in adequate function.
Case Report: A Variant Non-ketotic Hyperglycinemia With GLRX5 Mutations: Manifestation of Deficiency of Activities of the Respiratory Chain Enzymes
Authors: Wei-Xing Feng, Xiu-Wei Zhuo, Zhi-Mei Liu, Jiu-Wei Li, Wei-Hua Zhang, Yun Wu, Tong-Li Han, Fang Fang
Journal: Front Genet (2021)
Keywords: compound heterozygous mutations, glutaredoxin 5, pediatric patient, stop codon, variant non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective: Variant non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia (NKH) is a rare disorder characterized by variable clinical, biochemical, and imaging features. The variant form of NKH is rare and characterized by variable clinical, biochemical and imaging features. Subjects: Herein, we report a girl with variant NKH with two mutations in glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5), which has been described in only three patients. Results: The clinical and biochemical phenotypes of the patient are also described. She suffered from developmental regression associated with spasticity, developmental delay, anemia and optic atrophy. The mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy was used to designate these disorders. An increased T2 signal from the medulla oblongata to the C6 spinal region was also observed on spinal cord MRI. Tandem mass analysis of a dried blood sample revealed elevated levels of glycine. The patient has two compound heterozygous mutations (c.151_153 del AAG and c.196C>T) in the GLRX5 gene. The c.196C>T mutation led to a stop codon (p.Q66Ter). Activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes II+III in the patient's fibroblasts were abnormal. Conclusions: We present the case of a girl with variant NKH who manifested spasticity and bilateral cavitating leukoencephalopathy. The patient had a deficiency of a respiratory chain enzyme, and this is the first report. Genetic testing is important for physicians to evaluate suspected variant NKH patients and to provide proper genetic counseling.