OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case report: Novel transtemporal transverse sinus decompression surgery to alleviate transverse sinus stenosis in a pulsatile tinnitus patient with restricted bilateral venous outflow
Authors: Yue-Lin Hsieh, Wuqing Wang
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: extraluminal surgery, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (iih), increased intracranial pressure (icp), pulsatile tinnitus, sinus decompression, transverse sinus stenosis (tss)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Transverse sinus (TS) stenosis is common in individuals with venous pulsatile tinnitus (PT). While PT can be addressed by endoluminal or extraluminal methods, the former has shown promise in alleviating symptoms associated with increased intracranial pressure. This study explores the potential of extraluminal methods to alleviate TS stenosis and eliminate PT caused by sigmoid sinus diverticulum. A 31-year-old male patient presenting with left-sided PT, attributed to a large, pedunculated sigmoid sinus diverticulum along with severe ipsilateral TS stenosis and contralateral TS hypoplasia, underwent ipsilateral extraluminal TS decompression surgery following sigmoid sinus wall reconstruction under local anesthesia. Postoperative CT and MR angiography revealed a significant increase in the TS lumen from 0.269 to 0.42 cm2 (56.02%) 2 years after surgery. Cervical Doppler ultrasound demonstrated a 36.07% increase in ipsilateral outflow volume to 16.6 g/s and a 77.63% increase in contralateral outflow volume to 1.35 g/s. In conclusion, this pioneering study showcases the potential of transtemporal TS decompression surgery in creating space for adaptive expansion of the TS lumen. However, the procedure should be reserved for individuals with severely compromised venous return.
Intentional vomiting as a rare cause of hypercalcemia and consequent acute renal failure: a case report
Authors: Mihovil Santini, Ana Sorić, Pavao Mioč, Siniša Car, Kristijan Đula, Ivan Zeljkovic
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: acute renal failure, bulimia, dehydration, hypercalcemia, vomiting
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Two most common causes of elevated serum calcium levels, which together account for nearly 90% of all cases, are primary hyperparathyroidism and malignancy. Thus, it is necessary to consider other disorders in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with hypercalcemia. We report the case of a 40-year-old female patient with an intellectual disability who was admitted to the Emergency Department with severe symptomatic hypercalcemia and acute renal failure, caused by recurrent intentional vomiting. The aim of this report is to help clinicians make an accurate diagnosis by considering recurrent vomiting habits as a potential cause of hypercalcemia and acute renal failure. Our case provides a comprehensive diagnostic work-up and multidisciplinary treatment strategies for patients with symptomatic hypercalcemia.
Combined central and peripheral demyelination: a case report resembling encephalomyeloradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Xuan Zhou, Ali Peng, Chuan Li, Lin Li, Dan Yao, Yunfeng Hao, Chao Zhao, Qi Yan, Ying Li, Juntong Liu, Shuyu Liu, Wenping Zhu, Ying Du, Wei Zhang
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: guillain-barré syndrome, hev infection, acute myelitis, combined central and peripheral demyelination, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is an extremely rare disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Herein, we reported case of a 14-year-old teenager who initially presented with the symptoms of acute myelitis (AM). Subsequently, the patient developed symptoms consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which was supported by nerve conduction studies (NCV) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Throughout the course of the disease, the patient experienced abdominal pain and abnormal liver function. After a comprehensive evaluation, we determined that the abnormal liver function was a result of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, which may have acted as a trigger for GBS. The patient was treated with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and Rituximab, resulting in symptom relief and clinical improvement after therapy and follow-up. This case highlights the potential responsiveness and reversibility of CCPD. Given the heterogeneous nature of CCPD, there is currently no standardized diagnostic criteria or clear consensus on its treatment. Therefore, we recommend a thorough assessment of all possibilities and the development of consolidated management guidelines based on available data for this disorder.
Unusual congenital goiter due to maternal Hashimoto thyroiditis: a case report
Authors: Laura Català, Judit Casas, Sean Yeh, Maria Josa-Eritja, Mireia Tirado-Capistros, Elisenda Moliner, Gemma Carreras
Journal: Front Pediatr (2024)
Keywords: autoantibodies, congenital hypothyroidism (ch), goiter, hypothyroidism, newborn
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common cause of endocrinopathy in the newborn Its incidence lies between 1 in 3,000 and 1 in 2,000, However, congenital goiter is a rare form of presentation. Hypothyroidism secondary to autoimmune etiology is extremely rare, with an incidence of 1:84.700-1:31.000 newborns. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) are able to cross the placenta but rarely induce hypothyroidism in the newborn, much less goiter. A case of congenital goiter in a male newborn secondary to maternal high TPOAb levels is reported. The mother was diagnosed of Hashimoto thyroiditis prior to the pregnancy. At birth, a grade 3 goiter was detected in the newborn. Laboratory testings revealed hypothyroidism with free thyroxine of 7.6 pmol/L, thyroid-stimulating hormone of 108 mUI/L and high TPOAb levels. Treatment with Levothyroxine was started the second day of life with progressive thyroid function normalization. Neurological development has been normal until the date.
Solid epithelioid peritoneal mesothelioma with pulmonary metastasis in feline
Authors: Heloísa Cristina Teixeira de Carvalho, Lígia Fernandes Gundim, Felipe Martins Pastor, Gabriel Henrique Guimarães, Arlinda Flores Coleto, Matias Pablo Juan Szabó, Alessandra Aparecida Medeiros-Ronchi
Journal: Braz J Vet Med (2024)
Keywords: cat, mesothelium, peritoneum, tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Mesothelioma is a rare malignant neoplasm that affects the mesothelial cells lining the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium. It is most prevalent in dogs and cattle, but the causes of this disease in animals are uncertain. In felines, it mainly affects the pleura, with an unfavorable prognosis. This paper explores a rare case of metastatic peritoneal mesothelioma in a 2-year-old female mixed breed cat, emphasizing its uniqueness due to the feline's age. The patient, previously treated at a private clinic, presented moderate abdominal distension as the only clinical sign. Abdominal ultrasound and peritoneal fluid cytology led to the provisional diagnosis of mesothelioma/carcinomatosis. One day after exploratory laparotomy, the animal died and was subsequently sent for necropsy. During macroscopic analysis, nodules were observed in the peritoneum, diaphragm, omentum, stomach serosa, and large intestine, and the diagnosis of solid epithelioid peritoneal mesothelioma with lung metastasis was confirmed after microscopic analysis. The diagnosis of mesothelioma is challenging, and the importance of immunohistochemical panels with specific markers such as cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and calretinin is highlighted. Considering that mesothelioma is a pathology with a poor prognosis, it is essential to include this disease in the list of differential diagnoses within veterinary oncology.
Sigmoid colon pseudotumor of actinomycosis: a rare case
Authors: Andy Lesmana, Vika Wirdhani, Lenti B R Perangin Angin, Muhamad I Muzakky, Stefi G V Hayon, Mentari M Sholihah, Muhammad I Hanif
Journal: J Surg Case Rep (2024)
Keywords: actinomycosis, pseudotumor, rare case, sigmoid colon
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection caused by gram-positive bacteria, Actinomyces, which commonly colonize the oral cavity, urogenital tract and gastrointestinal tract. It causes opportunistic infection where the mucosal barrier is compromised and is often misdiagnosed as malignancy. We report a case of a 58-year-old female with severe abdominal pain and a palpable tender mass in the left lower quadrant. Computed tomography scan with contrast showed thickening of the transverse, descending to sigmoid colon wall and intense contrast enhancement resembling colitis with mesenteritis. At laparotomy, we found an adherent mass involving sigmoid colon with adjacent small bowel and peritoneum. We decided to perform adhesiolysis and Hartmann procedure. The culture result was negative, whereas the biopsy of sigmoid colon revealed characteristic sulfur granules of actinomycosis colony. Intravenous antibiotic combination of ceftazidime and metronidazole was administered for 14 days followed by complete resolution of symptoms. Histopathological and bacteriological examinations are keys to diagnose actinomycosis. Patients require long-term antibiotic therapy, but surgery is often required because preoperative diagnosis is difficult.
Main novel aspects?:
We presented the rare case of intra-abdominal actinomycosis in IndonesiaThe case was challenging to diagnose pre-operatively based on physical examination andExploratory laparotomy revealed pseudotumor mimicking advanced stage of colon neoplasm.
Missense mutation of angiotensin converting enzyme gene in an Alzheimer's disease patient: a case report
Authors: Mingyue He, Fan Zhang, Jing Qi, Wei Zhang
Journal: Front Neurosci (2024)
Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, angiotensin converting enzyme, early-onset, missense mutation, neuropsychiatric symptoms, rapid progression
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of cognitive impairment in the elderly. In this report, we presented a case of a 52-year-old woman with rapid disease progression within 6 months. She was diagnosed with mild dementia according to the clinical symptoms and neuropsychological assessment results. Based on the results of neuropathological proteins in cerebrospinal fluid, cranial magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography, the patient showed the presence of β amyloid deposition, pathologic tau along with neurodegeneration [A+T+(N+)], indicative of AD. Whole exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous C-to-T missense mutation of nucleotide 3,755 (c.3755C > T) in exon 25 of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene on chromosome 17q23 (rs762056936).
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Migration Into the Transverse Colon: A Case Report
Authors: Ahmad R Awwad, Manar S H Odeh, Diya Asad, Basel Y M H Abu Rmeileh, Aya M M Dweik, Saja N M Baraka, Malek A F Karami, Iyas I M Awad, Afnan W M Jobran
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: case report, neuro-surgery, pediatric, transverse colon, vp shunt complication
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a connection between the cerebral ventricles and the peritoneal cavity. One of the rare complications of this procedure is shunt migration and perforation of the bowel. Our case report presents the case of a 19-month-old male patient who underwent VP shunt insertion due to hydrocephalus at the age of 8 months. He suffered from two episodes of bacterial meningitis at the ages of 11 and 15 months, requiring hospital admission. The patient's parents brought him to the emergency department after noticing a blood-stained diaper and seeing a part of the shunt extruding from the anal opening. Upon physical examination, the patient was active, neither in distress nor tachycardic. with unremarkable abdominal examination and negative peritoneal signs. A digital rectal examination showed normal anal tone, with normal-coloured stool with no blood at the tip of the finger, together with a compressible VP shunt. Complications of this type of migration include faecal contamination and possible infections such as ascending meningitis. This case report highlights the extrusion of the shunt through the anal orifice in a 19-month-old male patient which serves as an example of the uncommon but serious consequence of VP shunt insertion in the pediatric population. While VP shunt insertion remains a widely used and effective treatment for hydrocephalus, healthcare providers need to recognize and address potential complications associated with this procedure. Additionally, this case emphasizes the importance of diligent monitoring and regular radiographic imaging to confirm the correct positioning of shunt components, particularly in the paediatric population.
Swelling of the Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle in a CT Scan is a Leading Finding for the Diagnosis of Polymyositis
Authors: Ali Al-Ani, Sadeq Da'meh, Amin Da'meh
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2023)
Keywords: pet-ct, computed tomography, muscular edema, muscular pain, myositis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Polymyositis (PM) is an uncommon inflammatory disease of unknown cause, but the disease shares many characteristics with autoimmune disorders. In the past, the diagnosis criteria for PM depended primarily on clinical features, blood enzyme levels, an electromyogram, and muscle biopsies. However, there are still imperfections in the diagnostic criteria of PM. The development of muscle imaging led to revisiting not only the PM diagnosis strategy but also the patients' follow-up. Teaching point: PM should be considered and included in the differential diagnosis of a patient with inflammatory signs and muscular pain, and the radiologist should be aware of its imaging features.
An Unusual Case of Denervation Changes of the Intercostal Muscles Associated with Intercostal Neuralgia in a Patient with Chest Pain
Authors: Rajesh Botchu, Lorraine Aspland, Sisisth Ariyaratne, James Burgess, Gurjit Bhogal, David Beale
Journal: Acta Med Litu (2024)
Keywords: denervation, mri, intercostal neuralgia, post viral infection, rib pain, thoracic
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Musculoskeletal aetiologies account for most patients presenting with chest pain. Intercostal neuralgia is a lesser-known cause of musculoskeletal chest pain, which can present a diagnostic challenge with nonspecific imaging findings. We report a case of a 31-year-old male who presented with severe lower thoracic and chest wall pain following a suspected viral infection, where Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed characteristic features of denervation oedema within the affected intercostal muscles. This pattern of imaging findings in intercostal neuralgia is sparely described in the current literature. MRI along with history and examination was crucial in diagnosing the condition and excluding other potential causes of musculoskeletal chest wall pain on this occasion. The patient's symptoms were subsequently managed conservatively. The case highlights the importance of considering intercostal neuralgia as a potential cause of chest wall pain, particularly in the setting of post viral infection and absence of preceding mechanical musculoskeletal injury and explores an uncommon yet characteristic imaging finding which may be important in diagnosing the condition.
Case report: Inferior valved for non-valved glaucoma drainage device exchange for glaucoma control and cosmesis
Authors: Abdullah M Khan, Maram E A Abdalla Elsayed, Rizwan Malik
Journal: Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: cosmesis, device encapsulation, device exchange, glaucoma drainage device, glaucoma surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
While the exchange of a superior valved glaucoma drainage device (GDD) for a non-valved GDD has been reported for achieving glaucoma control, inferior GDD exchange for improving the cosmetic appearance of the eyes due to poor appearance caused by encapsulated GDDs has not been previously documented. Here, we report on two patients with inferior valved GDDs who underwent an exchange for non-valved devices for glaucoma control and cosmetic improvement.
Case description:
We report on the case of a 23-year-old gentleman and that of an 8-year-old girl, both of whom had inferior valved GDDs with uncontrolled intraocular pressure and unsightly appearance due to encapsulated GDD plates within the palpebral aperture. Both patients were unhappy about the appearance of their eyes. In each case, improvements in both glaucoma control and cosmesis were achieved by exchanging the valved GDDs for non-valved ones.
Conclusion:
Exchanging a valved for a non-valved GDD might help improve the cosmetic appearance of the eyes, in addition to providing glaucoma control.
Acute dissection of a syphilitic saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta and arch in a hypertensive patient - a rare phenomenon
Authors: Hubert Daisley, Dennecia George, Johann Daisley
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2024)
Keywords: aneurysm, aortic dissection, hypertension, hypertrophy, left ventricular, syphilis, cardiovascular
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report the case of a 77-year-old male who suffered from hypertension and died suddenly. At autopsy, he was found to have hypertensive cardiomegaly and a dissecting syphilitic saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta and arch with tamponade. Chronic aortic regurgitation, which is often seen in syphilitic aortitis, produces an additive effect to the concentric left ventricular hypertrophy seen in hypertension.
Disseminated hydatidosis an unusual presentation: a case report
Authors: Fatima Ziad, Imane Zouaoui, Mostaine El Mamoune, Sarra Aoufi
Journal: Access Microbiol (2024)
Keywords: echinococcus granulosis, morocco, disseminated hydatidosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hydatidosis, also known as cystic echinococcosis, is a widespread zoonosis, caused by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. It presents a significant public health concern, particularly in endemic areas. The occurrence of disseminated hydatid disease is uncommon, even in regions where it is endemic, with an incidence ranging from 1-8%. The definitive diagnosis relies on a parasitological method. In this work, we present an unusual case of disseminated hydatid disease that was diagnosed in the central parasitology-mycology laboratory of 'The Ibn Sina University Hospital'. This is a 21-year-old patient residing in a rural area, who presented with heaviness-type pain in the right hypochondrium, accompanied with nausea and vomiting. During the examination, the patient mentioned the contact with dogs. Abdominal radiography (ultrasound and CT) revealed findings suggestive of multiple hydatid cysts located in the liver and peritoneum. This suspicion was confirmed by positive hydatid serology. After 9 months of treatment with albendazole, the patient underwent surgery for excision of the cysts shown on the x-ray, as well as other cysts incidentally discovered intraoperatively at the pelvic and rectal levels. All of the extracted specimens were sent to the parasitology laboratory. The direct examination, along with the viability test, revealed the presence of hooks and scolex of non-viable Echinococcus granulosus. Disseminated hydatidosis is a rare but serious presentation, and the positive diagnosis relies on several epidemiological, clinical, radiological and parasitological arguments. Medical and surgical treatments play a crucial role in determining the patient's prognosis.
Invasive Fusarium solani infection diagnosed by traditional microbial detection methods and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in a pediatric patient: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jiaji Ling, Liting Liang, Xingxin Liu, Wenjing Wu, Ziyi Yan, Wei Zhou, Yongmei Jiang, Linghan Kuang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: fusarium solani, maldi-tof ms, sanger sequencing, detection, invasive fungal infections, mngs
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fusarium solani, as an opportunistic pathogen, can infect individuals with immunosuppression, neutropenia, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), or other high-risk factors, leading to invasive or localized infections. Particularly in patients following allogeneic HSCT, Fusarium solani is more likely to cause invasive or disseminated infections. This study focuses on a pediatric patient who underwent HSCT for severe aplastic anemia. Although initial blood cultures were negative, an abnormality was detected in the 1,3-β-D-glucan test (G test) post-transplantation. To determine the causative agent, blood samples were subjected to metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and blood cultures simultaneously. Surprisingly, the results of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and mNGS differed slightly, with mNGS identifying Nectria haematonectria, while MALDI-TOF MS based on culture showed Fusarium solani. To clarify the results, Sanger sequencing was performed for further detection, and the results were consistent with those of MALDI-TOF MS. Since the accuracy of Sanger sequencing is higher than that of mNGS, the diagnosis was revised to invasive Fusarium solani infection. With advancements in technology, various detection methods for invasive fungi have been developed in recent years, such as mNGS, which has high sensitivity. While traditional methods may be time-consuming, they are important due to their high specificity. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is essential to utilize both traditional and novel detection methods in a complementary manner to enhance the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections.
Intraventricular Meningioma: A Case Report of a Common Tumor in an Uncommon Location
Authors: Shaden S AlMousa
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: dural tail sign, headache, lateral ventricle tumour, magnetic resonance imaging, meningioma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Intraventricular meningiomas are uncommon neoplasms originating within the ventricular system of the brain, constituting a rare subset of central nervous system tumors. Their unique location poses diagnostic challenges, and understanding their clinical manifestations is imperative for effective management. We present the case of a 56-year-old female who sought medical attention due to persistent, severe headaches localized in the occipital region. Laboratory investigations demonstrated normal values for a complete blood count, electrolytes, and liver function tests. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined mass in the left occipital horn of the lateral ventricle, indicative of an intraventricular meningioma. Surgical resection of the intraventricular meningioma resulted in the resolution of the patient's headaches. This case contributes valuable insights into the diagnostic challenges posed by intraventricular meningiomas.