OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Malignantly Transformed From Frequent Recurrence of a Presacral Epidermoid Cyst: Report of a Case
Authors: Xiaocai Wu, Chunqiu Chen, Muqing Yang, Xiaoqi Yuan, Hong Chen, Lu Yin
Journal: Front Oncol (2020)
Keywords: malignant transformation, posterior para-sacral approach, presacral epidermoid cyst, recurrence, squamous cell carcinoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Backgroud: Presacral tumors are rare space occupying lesions that arise in the presacral space. The incidence of presacral tumor has been reported to be 1 in 40,000 to 63,000 patients. An even rarer occurrence is the transformation of a presacral tumor into a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Case Summary: A 61 years old man was referred to our hospital for a palpable mass near anus and appeared repeatedly in last 10 years. The patient previously underwent two surgeries at another hospital. A posterior approach was implemented in the first two surgeries, and the diagnosis was benign presacral epidermoid cyst. Two months before his admission to our department in 2017, the patient complained of a mass measuring ~2 cm around his anus. Physical examination revealed a 2 cm mass at the 12 o'clock direction in chest-knee position. A digital rectal examination indicated a rubbery lesion located in the presacral space. The Pre-operative pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of a 6.8 cm * 5.2 cm * 7.3 cm mass located at the presacral space. In contrast phase, the center of the lesion exhibited homogenous density without enhancement. The mass was then excised via posterior para-sacral approach with pathological report showing a benign epidermoid cyst after operation. The patient was discharged with full recovery without fecal incontinence. Fifteen months after being discharged from our hospital, the patient discovered a recurrence at the original site of where the mass previously appeared. Unlike the previous instance, the mass was accompanied with swelling, pain, and localized increased skin temperature. Pelvic MRI showed a 3.2 cm * 7.2 cm * 5.8 cm located at the same place, with no enhance in the core of mass. However, a speckled enhancement was observed on the margin of the lesion. The lesion was completely resected using the same procedure as before with a pathological diagnosis of SCC. The patient underwent chemoradiation therapy and remained disease free for more than 1 year. Conclusion: Although very rare, benign cyst from presacral space can become malignant transformation. This highlights the importance of pre-operative diagnostic tests and evaluation to correctly identify the source of the primary cancer, which is crucial prior to starting adjuvant therapy.
Functional outcomes evaluation after radial head arthoplasty in DR. Syaiful Anwar General Hospital: Case series
Authors: Agung Riyanto Budi Santoso, Thomas Erwin Christian Junus Huwae, Dedde Aditya Rachman, Marvin Anthony Putera
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: functional outcomes, radial head arthroplasty, range of movement

Introduction:
Radial head arthroplasty (RHA) has become one of the mainstay surgical treatment for radial head fracture in certain conditions. Many previous studies compared the superiority of either open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and RHA with inconclusive result. Our case series aim to evaluate the functional outcome of the patients treated with RHA in our institution.
Presentation of case:
We evaluated three patients who had RHA in 2018 and 2019. The function of flexion, extension, supination and pronation of the elbow was evaluated. The range of motion (ROM) was assessed in both active and passive way.
Discussion:
An abundant of literatures stated that RHA result is superior than radial head resection and ORIF. Our case series present a satisfying result on pain and a fair result on functional outcome from the range of motion (ROM) evaluation on patient follow-up.
Conclusion:
A good follow up for post-operative care plays an important role in management of RHA to minimize the rate of complications. In this case series, the functional outcomes after RHA is good, but a larger number of patient and longer follow up duration is needed for a better analysis.
Patella Osteomyelitis Mimicking Sinding-Larsen and Johansson Apophysitis: A Pitfall Not to Miss
Authors: Aurélien Traverso, Benjamin Tschopp, Tristan Mekdade, Barbara Kwiatkowski, Nicolas Lutz
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Diagnosis of bony infection remains difficult during childhood. Osteomyelitis of the patella (OMP) is rare and produces few symptoms and no fever. A high level of suspicion is needed to avoid missing this uncommon type of bone infection.
Methods:
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Results:
We report an acute osteomyelitis of the patella treated by joint and patella puncture aspiration followed by antibiotics in a 12-year-old healthy boy. Clinical and radiological findings, orthopedic follow-up, and clinical outcome are presented.
Conclusion:
Making a diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis of the patella can be challenging especially in the pediatric population, as it produces few specific symptoms with mostly nonspecific biologic anomalies. The paucity in specific signs and symptoms, accompanied by the rare occurrence, often leads to incorrect initial diagnosis, such as overuse injury or apophysitis. Clinical examination with high suspicion for patella infection is key. Radiological exams including MRI are the main components of the adequate imaging studies. Computed tomography may be an excellent addendum to better visualize any bony lesion within the patella. Bone aspiration or biopsy is essential to confirm the diagnosis and offers a first step in the treatment of this infection, which can then be successfully treated with a normal course of antibiotics.
Septic Arthritis of Hip Caused by Salmonella typhi: A Case Report
Authors: M Shanthi, Uma Sekar, K S Sridharan
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2012)

Salmonella typhi usually produces enteric fever and gastroenteritis. The infection may spread through blood stream and present as local suppurative lesions which may involve any site including the bone and joints. We report a case of septic arthritis of hip in a patient with systemic lupus erthematosis. The case is presented for its rarity and to highlight the atypical manifestations of Salmonella typhi in endemic regions.
Rivaroxaban as an Antithrombotic Agent in a Patient With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Left Ventricular Thrombus: A Case Report
Authors: Rajeev Seecheran, Valmiki Seecheran, Sangeeta Persad, Naveen Anand Seecheran
Journal: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep (2017)
Keywords: ste-acs, left ventricular thrombus, rivaroxaban, ticagrelor

The incidence of left ventricular (LV) thrombi in the setting of an anterior myocardial infarction has declined significantly since the advent of primary percutaneous coronary intervention coupled with contemporary antithrombotic strategies in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STE-ACS). Despite oral anticoagulation with the currently accepted, standard-of-care vitamin K antagonist, warfarin, major bleeding complications still arise. Rivaroxaban is a novel, direct oral factor X anticoagulant that has several advantageous properties, which can attenuate bleeding risk. We present a case in which a patient successfully underwent a 3-month course of rivaroxaban in addition to his dual antiplatelet regimen of aspirin and ticagrelor for his STE-ACS and LV thrombus with resultant complete dissolution.
Coronary Stent Abscess in the Setting of Arteriovenous Graft Infection following COVID-19: An Autopsy Case Report
Authors: Jean Thompson Butler, Rajeshwari Chellappan, Silvio Litovsky, Sixto M Leal Jr, Paul V Benson
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

While rare, coronary stent infections present with significant mortality-with most infections and further complications occurring within months of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Here, we discuss a post-COVID-19 patient who presented approximately one year after PCI for declotting of an arteriovenous graft (AVG). Upon admission, the patient was found to be bacteremic with multilobar pneumonia and an infection of the AVG. Empiric antibiotics were started, and blood cultures were subsequently positive for MRSA. Removal of the AVG was unsuccessful, and two days after admission, the patient passed. Autopsy revealed a perivascular abscess in the RCA near the origin of the stent with a ground section of the RCA with stent revealing abundant calcific atherosclerosis and marked necrosis of the artery wall. The cause of death was determined to be sepsis complicating coronary artery disease and chronic renal failure.
Pseudoprogression after advanced first-line endocrine therapy in metastatic breast cancer with bone metastasis: A case report
Authors: Aijuan Tian, Huiyun Lv, Wei Liu, Jinbo Zhao, Shanshan Zhao, Kainan Wang, Chen Song
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: bone metastasis, breast cancer, efficacy evaluation, flare, pseudoprogression
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Approximately 75% of patients with advanced breast cancer develop bone metastasis, which significantly affects both the quality of life and the survival rate of patients. Accurate determination of the status of bone metastases is important for developing treatment strategies and the prognosis of the disease. Here, we report the case of a 33-year-old patient with advanced metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and multiple bone metastases, in which advanced first-line endocrine therapy and second-line chemotherapy were both considered unsuccessful according to the efficacy evaluation by conventional imaging. Considering the possibility of bone pseudoprogression, the original endocrine scheme was reapplied, and bone metastases achieved a great response of non-complete response (CR)/non-progressive disease (PD). This case showed that, in the course of therapy for the disease, if bone scintigraphy (BS) shows increased lesion density or new lesions, this probably indicates a favorable response (osteoblastic repair of osteolytic lesions) to therapy, and not the worsening of metastatic lesions, called bone pseudoprogression. This paper will provide new insights into strategies for the treatment of bone metastasis and shows the significance of distinguishing osteoblastic bone repair from real bone lesion progression in clinical settings.
The association between women's economic participation and physical and/or sexual domestic violence against women: A case study for Turkey
Authors: Angela Greulich, Aurélien Dasré
Journal: PLoS One (2022)
MeSH terms: Domestic Violence, Cross-Sectional Studies, Employment, Female, Humans, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Turkey

We test in how far women's economic participation can be associated with physical and/or sexual domestic violence against women in Turkey, by mobilizing the Survey "National Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey" (wave 2014). Several studies found that economically active women have a similar, if not a higher risk of experiencing domestic violence than inactive women in Turkey, as well as in other emerging countries. We challenge these findings for Turkey by distinguishing between formal and informal labor market activities as well as between women who do not work because their partner does not allow them to and women who are inactive for other reasons. To increase the control for endogeneity in this cross-sectional setting, we apply an IV-approach based on cluster averages. We find that, while overall employment for women cannot be associated with a lower risk of experiencing domestic violence for women in Turkey, those women who participate in the formal labor market and those women who contribute at least the same as their partner to household income are less exposed to physical and/or sexual domestic violence than their counterparts. Distinguishing between formal and informal employment is thus important when it comes to investigate the association between women's economic activity and domestic violence. This is especially the case in a country like Turkey, which currently undergoes important socio-economic changes and where women in formal and informal employment have therefore very different socioeconomic backgrounds.
A rare pituitary tumor associated with hyperthyroidism and acromegaly
Authors: Li Li, Liheng Meng, Yuping Liu, Rashi Tamrakar, Xi Yang, Xinghuang Liang, Jia Zhou, Jing Xian, Zhenxing Huang, Yingfen Qin
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: growth hormone, immunostaining, mixed pituitary adenoma, rare disease, thyroid stimulating hormone
MeSH terms: Acromegaly / complications, Adenoma / complications, Adenoma / diagnosis, Adenoma / surgery, Hyperthyroidism / complications, Pituitary Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Review, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Humans, Male, Thyrotropin, Thyrotropin

Background:
Mixed pituitary TSH/GH adenomas are rare adenomas associated with acromegaly and/or thyrotoxicosis, with or without varying degrees of goiter. In this report, we show a case of pituitary adenoma producing both GH and TSH simultaneously.
Case presentation:
A 27-year-old man was diagnosed with pituitary adenoma based on various symptoms and clinical findings. For further examination and treatment, he was hospitalized in our institution. It was likely that this subject had pituitary adenoma producing both GH and TSH. In brain magnetic resonance imaging, there was a giant tumor in the sellar region. After the diagnosis of mixed pituitary TSH/GH adenoma, he was treated with octreotide, then underwent tumor resection, and then received hydrocortisone acetate and levothyroxine sodium. After then, GH and IGF-1 levels were suppressed and thyroid function was normalized. Postoperative immunohistochemistry reports showed GH (+) but TSH (-), which may be insensitive to the antibody used to detect TSH or combined with other factors.
Conclusions:
The diagnosis of mixed pituitary TSH/GH adenoma must be combined with clinical manifestations, immunohistochemical staining and relevant hormone levels, and genetic testing if necessary for comprehensive judgment. For patients with large adenomas, it is recommended to use somatostatin analogs to restore TH levels and control the excessive secretion of GH levels before surgery.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in cancer patients
Authors: Aakash Desai, Arish Noor, Saurabh Joshi, Agnes S Kim
Journal: Cardiooncology (2019)
Keywords: cancer, chemotherapy, stress cardiomyopathy, takotsubo cardiomyopathy
MeSH terms: Review

Background:
Cancer is a chronic condition that induces significant emotional and physical stress, which may increase the risk for developing Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM).
Main body:
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as stress cardiomyopathy, is a clinical syndrome that generally presents as chest pain mimicking acute coronary syndrome or as an acute heart failure characterized by severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction in response to emotional, physical, or medical stress. The potential triggers for Takotsubo syndrome in cancer patients include the emotional turmoil of a cancer diagnosis, the inflammatory state of the cancer itself, and the physical stress of cancer surgery, systemic anti-neoplastic therapy, and radiation treatment. TCM is becoming increasingly recognized among patients with cancer and has been associated with adverse outcomes in this patient population. In this study, we searched the Pubmed database using keywords "Takotsubo cardiomyopathy", "cancer", and "anti-neoplastic therapy" to review case reports of Takotsubo syndrome occurring in oncologic patients after systemic anti-neoplastic therapy. Clinical presentation, electrocardiogram, laboratory data, transthoracic echocardiogram and coronary angiogram results, and patient outcomes were collected and analyzed.
Conclusion:
Patients with cancer are at an elevated risk for developing stress cardiomyopathy, and it is important to know which cancer drugs have been associated with the development of the Takotsubo syndrome.
Successful Percutaneous Retrieval of Embolized Septal Occluder Device from Aortic Arch and Placement of a Newer Septal Occluder Device in Combined Procedure
Authors: Natraj Katta, Sandeep Gautam, Richard Webel
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Embolization of the Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO) device (St. Jude Medical, Minnesota) after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) is a rare and potentially catastrophic complication. Percutaneous retrieval of the embolized device is gaining ground as an acceptable method, although these patients are usually subsequently referred for open surgical closure of the ASD. We present a unique case of percutaneous retrieval embolized ASO device and placement of newer larger ASO device in a single procedure.
Reverse vascular pedicle digital island flap with preservation of the dorsal branch of the digital nerve
Authors: Takeo Osaki, Tadashi Nomura, Kazunobu Hashikawa, Hiroto Terashi
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2019)
Keywords: reverse vascular pedicle digital island flap, dorsal branch of the digital nerve, fingertip amputation, fingertip reconstruction
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A reverse vascular pedicle digital island flap is a useful treatment option for reconstruction in fingertip amputation. We describe a surgical procedure to preserve the dorsal branch of the digital nerve in the middle phalanx during elevation of this flap with favourable outcomes.
Transcatheter embolization of the esophagomediastinal fistula with N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue: A case report
Authors: Suk Hyun Bae
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: case report, embolization, esophageal perforation, esophagomediastinal fistula, n-butyl cyanoacrylate

Introduction:
Acute mediastinitis with esophageal perforation is a very fatal condition and must be treated promptly. Esophagomediastinal fistula is a rare complication of acute mediastinitis with esophageal perforation. There are many treatment options such as surgery or endoscopic treatment, but it is most important to start treatment immediately.
Presentation of case:
A 69-year-old female presented with chest pain and fever. Contrast enhanced chest computed tomography was compatible with acute mediastinitis and esophageal perforation. Esophagography revealed esophagomediastinal fistula in the upper esophagus. Endoscopic clipping with fibrin was failed and endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) was not effective for esophagomediastinal fistula. We performed the successful transcatheter embolization of the esophagomediastinal fistula with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue.
Discussion:
There are many considerations in the treatment of acute mediastinitis with esophageal perforation, but surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Recently non operative management is appropriate in certain well-defined situations. Like our case patients, non-operative management may be considered if the diagnosis is delayed and the surgical treatment period is missed. Currently, endoscopic treatment such as covered stenting, clipping and application of fibrin glue are useful and a less invasive rather than surgical treatment. However, if endoscopic or surgical procedure are not possible, we considered transcatheter NBCA glue embolization.
Conclusion:
Transcatheter embolization with NBCA glue was proven to its effectiveness as an alternative therapeutic option in the treatment of esophagomediastinal fistula which endoscopic or surgical treatment are impossible or fails.
Improving functional outcomes and quality of life in an elderly woman with sarcopenia and spinal Tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Irma Ruslina Defi, Nur Rusyidah Hamam, Vitriana Biben, Nuzula Chafidh Al Barqi
Journal: Front Rehabil Sci (2023)
Keywords: activity of daily living, elderly, physical medicine and rehabilitation, quality of life, spinal cord injury
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Indonesia is the world's second-largest contributor to TB patients. According to prevalence by age, the elderly have the most diagnosed TB. In Indonesia, TB spondylitis affects approximately 5% of TB cases and is a common cause of non-traumatic spinal cord injury (NTSCI). Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a growing public health concern, particularly among the elderly, as many of its populations have sarcopenia. Due to the complete absence of voluntary muscle contraction, SCI is followed by a rapid loss of skeletal muscle mass. SCI has several physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences.
Case presentation:
A 68-years-old woman presented with weakness and numbness of all four limbs. She also had sarcopenia, malnutrition, and dependency on activities of daily living (ADL). In addition, the patient was at a risk of SCI complications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed destruction of the vertebral bodies at the level of the 5th and 6th cervical area, tuberculous abscesses of the paravertebral and longus colli muscles. The patient underwent debridement and spinal stabilization. However, the patient was at a risk of developing SCI complications. In these patients, the Physical Rehabilitation and Medicine (PRM) strategy focuses on improving medical conditions, including preventing secondary complications, promoting neurological recovery, and optimizing function.
Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of PRM intervention in assessing functional disorders in the elderly to improve their quality of life (QOL).
Resolving a Multi-Generational Neuromuscular Mystery in a Family Presenting with a Variable Scapuloperoneal Syndrome in a c.464G>A, p.Arg155His VCP Mutation
Authors: Nivedita U Jerath
Journal: Case Rep Genet (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Valosin containing protein (VCP) mutations have been reported to present with a high degree of variability and can be present in patients even if they may have an initial normal work up. A 55-year-old woman was labeled as "normal" and "pain medication seeking" after an unrevealing work up of clinical, laboratory, electrodiagnostic, radiographic, pathologic, and genetic testing. She continued to present with chronic neck pain, and had variable features of scapuloperoneal atrophy, which was also seen in her family. The patient and her family were found to have a known pathogenic c.464G>A, p.Arg155His (R155H) mutation in the VCP gene. Despite traditional thinking of attempting to localize neurological syndromes, VCP mutations are difficult to localize as they can present with significant clinical heterogeneity including a scapuloperoneal syndrome with variable neuropathic and myopathic features.
Clinical Findings of Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy with anti-TRPM1 Antibody
Authors: Yoichiro Shinohara, Ryo Mukai, Shinji Ueno, Hideo Akiyama
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
We report the clinical features and clinical course of melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), in which autoantibodies against the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1) were detected. Case Presentation. A 74-year-old man was referred to our hospital for treatment of bilateral vision loss. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/100 in the right eye and 20/200 in the left eye. His electroretinogram (ERG) showed a reduced b-wave and a normal dark-adapted a-wave in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed loss of the interdigitation zone in both eyes. We strongly suspected MAR based on the markedly reduced b-wave in the ERG and a history of intranasal melanoma. The diagnosis was confirmed after autoantibodies against TRPM1 were detected in his blood serum. Fifteen months later, his ERG remained unchanged, and OCT showed bilateral cystic changes in the internal nuclear layer. The visual acuity in both eyes also remained unchanged.
Conclusions:
Anti-TRPM1 autoantibodies were detected in a patient diagnosed with MAR who had negative flash ERG and retinal microstructural abnormalities, and the impairment did not recover during the follow-up period. Identification of anti-TRPM1 antibodies was helpful in confirming the diagnosis of MAR.