OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
The Full Spectrum of Infective Endocarditis: Case Report and Review
Authors: Aniket S Rali, Mejalli Al-Kofahi, Nilay Patel, Benjamin Wiele, Zubair Shah, Jayant Nath
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Over the past five decades, the incidence of intravenous drug use- (IVDU-) associated infective endocarditis (IE) has been on the rise in North America. Classically, IVDU has been thought to affect right-sided valves. However, in recent times a more variable presentation of IVDU-associated IE has been reported. Here, we report a case of a patient with a known history of IVDU who presented with clinical symptoms concerning for right- as well as left-sided endocarditis. In addition, we also discuss what should be considered adequate evaluation for patients with suspected endocarditis, and more specifically, what should be the role of transesophageal echocardiography in patients with IE noted on transthoracic echocardiography.
Posterior segment findings in a patient with immunotactoid glomerulonephritis
Authors: Aditi Gupta, Rangarajan Venugopal Prabhu, Amit K Patel, Ramesh Sivaraj
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2015)
Keywords: choroidal folds, cloudy cornea, immunotactoid glomerulonephritis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
To present a case with posterior segment findings in a patient with cloudy corneas secondary to immunotactoid glomerulonephritis (ITG).
Methods:
A 57-year-old female was known to have bilateral cloudy corneas diagnosed 12 years ago secondary to immunotactoid glomerulonephritis. Clinically, fundus examination was difficult to visualise due to the density of her corneal opacities.
Results:
B-scan ultrasound revealed significant retino-choroidal & non-inflammatory scleral thickening. The macula also showed signs of thickening in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed thinning of the inner retinal layers and significant choroidal folds in both eyes. Electrodiagnostic tests (EDT) concluded loss of retinal ganglion cells with preservation of retinal function in both eyes.
Conclusion:
This case widens the spectrum of findings seen in patients diagnosed with Immunotactoid Glomerulonephritis and alerts us to undertake detailed posterior segment examination where possible. Ocular coherence tomography (OCT) and B-scan ultrasonography are important adjuvants to help assess the posterior segment in patients with corneal opacities secondary to ITG.
A Double Case: Socket Shield and Pontic Shield Techniques on Aesthetic Zone
Authors: Carlos Polis-Yanes, Carla Cadenas-Sebastián, Claudia Oliver-Puigdomenech, Raul Ayuso-Montero, Antoni Marí-Roig, José López-López
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

When a tooth is extracted, a bone remodeling of the alveolar process occurs irretrievably. Various techniques have emerged over time to maintain the thickness of the bone crest in fixed prosthetics on teeth and implants. The socket shield and pontic shield techniques are aimed at minimizing buccal bone remodeling, especially in the aesthetic area. We present a case of an aesthetic sector rehabilitated with partial fixed denture using the socket shield and pontic shield techniques.
Ipsilateral Acetabular and Femoral Neck and Shaft Fractures
Authors: Hideto Irifune, Suguru Hirayama, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Eichi Narimatsu
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2015)

Floating hip injuries and ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures are rare. Additionally, the simultaneous occurrence of these injuries is extremely rare, and only one case report of the simultaneous occurrence of these injuries has been published. Here, we report the case of a patient with ipsilateral acetabular and femoral neck and shaft fractures following a suicide attempt. The patient experienced nonunion of the femoral neck and shaft after the initial operation and therefore underwent reconstruction using a femoral head prosthesis with a long stem and interlocking screws. Our procedure may be used in primary and/or secondary reconstruction for ipsilateral acetabular and femoral neck and shaft fractures.
Iatrogenic T-Cell Lymphoma with Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocyotsis in a Patient with Long-Standing Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: X A Andrade, H E Fuentes, D M Oramas, H Mann, P Kovarik
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk of hematological malignancies, especially when exposed to immunosuppressive therapy. The mechanisms of lymphomagenesis remain poorly understood but factors implicated include high disease activity, exposure to antitumoral necrosis factor medications, and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Lymphoid malignancies of T-cell origin are uncommon in patients with rheumatoid arthirits. Clinical presentation with associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocyotsis is rare and confers a poor prognosis. This case report illustrates a case of a patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis and an iatrogenic peripheral T-cell lymphoma with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis who achieved a complete response after intensive chemotherapy.
A combined human case of Dirofilaria ursi infection in dorsal subcutaneous tissue and Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) infection in ventral subcutaneous tissue
Authors: Minoru Yamada, Namiko Shishito, Yoshihiro Nozawa, Shigehiko Uni, Keisuke Nishioka, Takaaki Nakaya
Journal: Trop Med Health (2017)
Keywords: a combined human case, anisakis simplex sensu stricto (ss), dirofilaria ursi, helminthic subcutaneous infections
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:

Dirofilaria ursi is a filarial nematode that parasitizes the subcutaneous tissues of the American black bear (Ursus americanus) and Japanese black bear (Ursus thiabetanus japonicus). D. ursi that has parasitized black bears has the potential to subsequently infect humans. In addition, extra-gastrointestinal anisakiasis is less common in Japan.
Case presentation:
We report a case of ventral subcutaneous anisakiasis and dorsal subcutaneous dirofilariasis that was acquired in Fukushima, in the northern part of Japan. The patient was an 83-year-old Japanese female, and subcutaneous parasitic granulomas were present on her left abdomen (near the navel) and left scapula. A pathological examination of the surgically dissected tissue sections from each region demonstrated eosinophilic granulomas containing different species of parasites. To enable the morphological and molecular identification of these parasites, DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded sections using DEXPAT reagent, and the cytochrome oxidase 2 (COX2), internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S and ITS2 regions of the Anisakis larvae, and the 5S rRNA region of the male Dirofilaria were sequenced. The PCR products were examined and compared with DNA databases. Molecular analysis of the COX2 and 5S rRNA sequences of each worm revealed that the nematode found in the ventral region belonged to Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) and the male Dirofilaria found in the dorsal region was classified as D. ursi.
Conclusion:
The present case showed a combined human case of D. ursi and A. simplex s.s. infections in subcutaneous tissues. The results of this study will contribute to the identification of unknown parasites in histological sections.
Ranolazine for Angina in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Akhtar Amin, Bernard Kim
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ranolazine is an antianginal and works by inhibiting late-sodium current (INaL). However, its use is limited mostly to patients with coronary artery disease. However, literature has shown its potential benefit in relieving angina in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hereby, we discuss two cases where ranolazine led to improvement in angina refractory to beta-blockers. In conclusion, ranolazine can be considered as a potential antianginal drug in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy refractory to beta-blockers.
Amyand's Hernia with Appendicitis: A Case Report and Integrative Review
Authors: Jéssica Feitosa Cavalcante, Hermes Melo Teixeira Batista, Ivo Cavalcante Pita Neto, Jairo Fernandes Frutuoso, Woneska Rodrigues Pinheiro, Italla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra, Luiz Carlos de Abreu, Gylmara Bezerra de Menezes Silveira
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2015)

Introduction. Inguinal hernia is a common disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1.2% of the entire population and it is 12 times more common in males. Objective. To describe a case of appendix with signs of inflammation in the hernia sac, condition that is rare and difficult to diagnose, and to perform literature review, describing the most relevant aspects and the main controversies. Method. Report of a case and search in PubMed on June 1, 2015, using the terms "Appendix" [MeSH term] AND "hernia, inguinal" [MeSH term]. Results. The search resulted in 38 articles in total, and after deleting the articles that were not part of the inclusion criteria, there were 26 case reports remaining. Discussion. The search resulted in a total of 38 articles and after deleting the articles that were not part of the inclusion criteria, there were 26 case reports remaining. Conclusion. Amyand's hernia is a rare and difficult to diagnose condition, being commonly found occasionally in surgical procedures. It should be remembered in the presence of cases of incarcerated hernia, due to its possible complications if not diagnosed.
Case Report: Response to Immunotherapy, Can Radiotherapy Be a Troublemaker?
Authors: Patricia Martin-Romano, Julien Adam, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Sébastien Gouy, Antonin Levy, Capucine Baldini, Stéphane Champiat, Jean-Charles Soria, Christophe Massard, Aurélien Marabelle, Eric Deutsch, Antoine Hollebecque
Journal: Front Immunol (2021)
Keywords: anal squamous cell carcinoma, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, tumor response
MeSH terms: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use, Anus Neoplasms / therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy, Radiotherapy / adverse effects, Tumor Microenvironment / radiation effects, Case Reports, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use, Anus Neoplasms / pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology, Chemoradiotherapy / methods, Female, Humans, Immunotherapy / methods, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, pembrolizumab

Immunotherapy has dramatically changed the treatment landscape for several tumor types. However, the impact of previous radiotherapy (RT) on response to immunotherapy is still unknown. We report the case of a 58-year-old female diagnosed with a squamous anal cell carcinoma previously treated with RT and having a dissociated response to anti-PD1 agent. An extensive analysis of the immune contexture performed on the tissue collected from both previously RT-treated and RT-untreated lesions confirmed differences on immune microenvironment, highlighting the potential impact of radiotherapy on the immune response.
Challenges of Implementing an Individual Randomized Controlled Trial (Women First: Preconception Maternal Nutrition Study) in a Rural Study Site: A Case Study From Pakistan
Authors: Sumera Aziz Ali, Umber Khan, Farina Abrejo, Sarah Saleem, Michael K Hambidge, Nancy F Krebs, Jamie E Westcott, Robert L Goldenberg, Elizabeth M McClure, Omrana Pasha
Journal: Nutr Metab Insights (2019)
Keywords: case study, challenges, rural pakistan, strategies
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Persistent global disparities in maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with poor maternal nutrition provided the genesis of the Women First (WF) study, an individually randomized controlled trial on preconceptional maternal nutrition. This article describes the challenges that arose in implementing this trial related to nutrition or diet of the mother, in District Thatta-Pakistan. During different phases of the study, we encountered problems in identifying the eligible participants, taking consent from couples, randomizing participants in different arms, conducting biweekly follow-up visits on time, ensuring compliance to the intervention, and measuring the primary outcome within the 24 hours of birth. Each challenge was itself an opportunity for the research team to address the same through effective coordination and teamwork. Moreover, with adequate resources and dedicated staff with diverse backgrounds, it was possible to implement the WF study across the widely scattered geographic clusters of District Thatta. In addition, there are some broad strategies that could be applied to other studies such as very close contact either in person or at least by talking to mothers via phones and rapport with the study participants, the study leadership of country coordinator and the field supervisors to build trust between those on front lines and the study leadership. Moreover, continuous monitoring and supervision with frequent training and refreshers were also found to be more important to assure the data quality and to meet the study targets. Community meetings were also found to be very helpful and effective to follow the participants for a long time. Researchers conducting a similar type of studies particularly in rural areas can learn many lessons from such experiences. Thus, the process of implementing the study in one of the rural areas of Pakistan provides an insight into where and how similar individual randomized trials might be deployed.
Fungal Infection Post Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair: A Rare Complication
Authors: Sai Krishna Mlv, Nitin Chauhan, Ravi Mittal, Aritra Chattopadhyay
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: arthroscopy, cryptococcus, fungal infection, meniscus, surgical site infection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Infections after arthroscopic procedures are rare. Infection due to fungal organisms is rarer and difficult to diagnose due to its insidious nature and chronic presentation but when neglected has devastating consequences. We present a 23-year-old immunocompetent adult post-arthroscopic meniscal repair with fungal surgical site infection. The patient underwent open debridement and was started on antifungals. His surgical wound healed and with physiotherapy he regained his full range of movement.
An insight into the genesis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in a case report
Authors: Kiran Kumar, Devi Charan Shetty, Mahima Dua, Amit Dua, Raghu Dhanapal
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2012)

Hypohidrotic (anhidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a congenital syndrome characterized by sparse hair, oligodontia, and reduced sweating. It is estimated to affect at least one in 17000 people worldwide. We report a rare case of HED in a 14-year-old male child patient which extraorally manifested as alopecia, scanty eyebrow and eye lashes, frontal bossing, depressed nasal bridge, and full and everted lips. Intraoral examination revealed complete anodontia of the deciduous teeth and partial anodontia of the permanent teeth. It is usually inherited as an X-linked recessive trait caused by mutation in any of the three EDA pathway genes. X-linked and autosomal recessive forms are phenotypically similar; thus, identification of carriers of partial forms of the disorder in their families is the key to clarifying intrafamilial genetic transmission.
Treatment and Pathology of an Unusual Large Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva
Authors: Thomas Stahnke, Ngoy Kilangalanga, Steffi Knappe, Rudolf F Guthoff, Andreas Erbersdobler
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Carcinoma of the conjunctiva is a malignant tumor which is mostly detected and surgically treated at an early stage because of medical or cosmetic problems. Exceptions of this rule may occur in developing countries, where patients do not have access to standard medical care systems. We report the case of a conjunctival carcinoma in an African patient with an unusually late presentation. Because of local medical shortcomings, and considering the severe, transmural inflammation of anterior ocular structures, an exenteration was performed although the orbit was not deeply involved with the tumor. The strong nuclear expression of p53 indicates a major role of UV exposure in this case. A total of 16-month follow-up in this patient and larger published series suggest that the risk of metastasis is rather low under those circumstances, even with invasive tumors.
Recurrent Adenomatous Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Middle Ear: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: J Vilain, J-C Degols, S Ledeghen
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumor (MEANT) poses a diagnostic challenge. Clinical symptoms are nonspecific. Definite diagnosis is made by histopathological analysis of the tumor after a complete surgical resection based on an extensive computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI). Controversial terminology of the neoplasm arises from the differentiation of this tumor composed of both endocrine and exocrine glands. Middle ear (ME) localization is rare and less aggressive than gastrointestinal tract or lung localizations. Nevertheless, clinical and CT/MRI analyses are necessary follow-ups for preventing or detecting recurrence or metastasis. A case of a female patient aged 26 with recurrent middle ear neuroendocrine adenoma is presented herein.
Sequence of closely related plasmids encoding bla(NDM-1) in two unrelated Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Singapore
Authors: Ying-Tsong Chen, Ann-Chi Lin, L Kristopher Siu, Tse Hsien Koh
Journal: PLoS One (2012)
MeSH terms: Klebsiella pneumoniae / enzymology, Klebsiella pneumoniae / isolation & purification, Plasmids / genetics, beta-Lactamases / genetics, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology, Base Sequence, Conjugation, Genetic / drug effects, Humans, Klebsiella pneumoniae / drug effects, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Molecular Sequence Data, Singapore, Young Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents, beta-Lactamases, beta-lactamase NDM-1

Background:
Spread of the bla(NDM-1) gene that encodes the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) in Enterobacteriaceae is a major global health problem. Plasmids carrying bla(NDM-1) from two different multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumonia isolates collected in Singapore were completely sequenced and compared to known plasmids carrying bla(NDM-1).
Methodology/principal findings:
The two plasmids, pTR3 and pTR4, were transferred to Escherichia coli recipient strain J53 and completely sequenced by a shotgun approach using 3-kb paired-end libraries on 454. Although the K. pneumoniae strains were unrelated by molecular typing using PFGE and MLST, complete sequencing revealed that pTR3 and pTR4 are identical. The plasmid sequence is similar to the E. coli NDM-1-encoding plasmid p271A, which was isolated in Australia from a patient returning from Bangladesh. The immediate regions of the bla(NDM-1) gene in pTR3/4 are identical to that of p271A, but the backbone of our plasmid is much more similar to another IncN2 plasmid reported recently, pJIE137, which contained an additional 5.2-kb CUP (conserved upstream repeat) regulon region in comparison to p271A. A 257-bp element bounded by imperfect 39-bp inverted repeats (IR) and an incomplete version of this element flanking the 3.6-kb NDM-1-encoding region were identified in these plasmids and are likely to be the vestiges of an unknown IS.
Conclusions:
Although the hosts are not epidemiologically linked, we found that the plasmids bearing the bla(NDM-1) gene are identical. Comparative analyses of the conserved NDM-1-encoding region among different plasmids from K. pneumoniae and E. coli suggested that the transposable elements and the two unknown IR-associated elements flanking the NDM-1-encoding region might have aided the spreading of this worrisome resistance determinant.
Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis as a Manifestation of Drug-Induced Cicatrizing Conjunctivitis
Authors: Aniruddha Soni, Khushi Shah, Mansi Shah, Jayesh Vazirani
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: anti glaucoma medications, chronic cicatrizing conjunctivitis, dicc, drug induced cicatrizing conjunctivitis, drug toxicity, peripheral ulcerative keratitis, puk
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ocular surface drug toxicity due to the long-term use of topical medication is a commonly overlooked cause of chronic conjunctival inflammation. A variety of eye drops, including but not limited to anti-glaucoma medications can cause drug-induced cicatrizing conjunctivitis. The classical descriptions of this condition include inflammation and scarring involving the eyelids, puncta, and conjunctiva. Herein, we present a case with bilateral peripheral ulcerative keratitis as a manifestation of drug-induced cicatrizing conjunctivitis.
A Large Rice Body-Containing Cyst Mimicking Infection following Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Wael Bayoud, Maroun Rizkallah, Samuel Georges, Tonine Younan, Gaby Haykal
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Soft tissue mass following total hip arthroplasty raises several differential diagnoses not limited to infection, hematoma, wear debris, malignancy, and bursitis. Rice body formation in the hip region is an uncommon process denoting a chronic inflammation. We report here the second case of its kind in the medical literature of a wide symptomatic rice-like body cyst complicating a total hip arthroplasty.
Case presentation:
This is the case of an 82-year-old white female, presenting with a warm, red, and inflated groin five years after revision of right total hip arthroplasty. Surgical intervention reveals a large well circumscribed cyst containing well-organized rice-like bodies. This eventuality was never reported in differential diagnosis of hip periprosthetic soft tissue masses before.
Conclusion:
This case report helps widening the array of the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with a slow growing soft tissue mass following total hip arthroplasty, making rice-like bodies cyst a valid one to consider.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum papillary dermal elastolysis: a case report
Authors: Rubina Alves, Lurdes Ferreira, Esmeralda Vale, Olívia Bordalo
Journal: Dermatol Res Pract (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

PXE-PDE is a rare clinicopathological entity with few cases reported. It affects more often elderly women and is characterized by asymptomatic bilateral and symmetrical yellowish papules localized predominantly on the neck and supraclavicular regions. It is clinically similar to Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum. The authors report a case of a 64-year-old woman presenting asymptomatic, yellowish, non-follicular papules, affecting the occipital and the posterior region of the neck for 1 year. The patient denied pruritic or inflammatory changes, marked solar exposition or trauma on the affected areas. Routine laboratory studies: thoracic x-ray and ophthalmologic examination were normal. The histopathologic examination of a biopsy of one of the cutaneous lesions showed an absence of elastic fibers in the papillary dermis.The diagnosis of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-like Papillary Dermal Elastolysis (PXE-PDE) was made. Of great importance is the differential diagnosis with Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), but we have also to consider other elastolytic disorders: mid-dermal elastolysis (MDE), linear focal elastosis (LFE) and white fibrous papulosis of the neck (WFPN). Until know, there is no effective treatment for this pathology.