OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Parathyroid Carcinoma in the Setting of Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Federico Cappellacci, Fabio Medas, Gian Luigi Canu, Maria Letizia Lai, Giovanni Conzo, Enrico Erdas, Pietro Giorgio Calò
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Parathyroid carcinoma is one of the rarest cancers in normal population, and it is extremely uncommon in the setting of tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Indeed, only 24 cases have been reported in the literature. Presentation of the Case. We report the case of parathyroid carcinoma in a 51-year-old man, with a history of end-stage renal disease due to a horseshoe kidney treated with haemodialysis since 2013. He came to our attention due to an increase in calcium and parathyroid hormone serum levels. Neck ultrasound (US) showed a solid hypodense mass, probably the right inferior parathyroid gland, with an estimated size of 25 × 15 × 13 mm; the 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT scan revealed a large radiotracer activity area in the right cervical region, compatible with a hyperfunctioning right inferior parathyroid gland. So, a tertiary hyperparathyroidism diagnosis was made. In April 2018, resection of three parathyroid glands was performed. Histopathological examination demonstrated the right inferior parathyroid gland specimen to be a parathyroid carcinoma, due to the presence of multiple, full-thickness, capsular infiltration foci, and a venous vascular invasion focus. Discussion. Diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma in tertiary hyperparathyroidism is remarkably complex because of the lack of clinical diagnostic criteria and, in many cases, is made postoperatively at histopathological examination.
Conclusion:
To date, radical surgery represents the mainstay of treatment, with a five- and ten-year survival rates overall acceptable.
Rapid Onset and Resolution of Hydroxychloroquine Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Ahmad Ramahi, Amer Heider, J Michelle Kahlenberg
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune, chronic, and heterogenous disease with organ damage resulting from immune complex deposition and inflammatory infiltrates. Antimalarial drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), are cornerstone immunomodulators for the treatment of SLE. Rarely, HCQ toxicity can occur, leading to devastating outcomes. We report a case of a patient with SLE on HCQ who presented with a rapid onset of large pericardial effusion and a dramatically decreased left ventricular ejection fraction. Endomyocardial biopsy was positive for curvilinear bodies, confirming the diagnosis of hydroxychloroquine cardiotoxicity. Hydroxychloroquine cardiomyopathy is a rare but life-threatening medication side effect. It is important to consider it in any patient taking the medication who presents with a new onset or worsening symptoms of heart failure.
Malaria complicated by gangrene: a case presentation and review
Authors: Faraj Omar Alkizim, Duncan Matheka, Otieno Walter Mwanda
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2011)
Keywords: gangrene, kenya, complication, malaria
MeSH terms: Gangrene / parasitology, Malaria, Falciparum / complications, Quinine / therapeutic use, Case Reports, Review, Amputation, Surgical / methods, Antimalarials / therapeutic use, Disease Progression, Erythrocytes / parasitology, Gangrene / surgery, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum / drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Antimalarials, Quinine

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is an extremely rare complication of malaria. It occurs acutely and progresses rapidly to cause irreversible necrosis of tissue following which debridement or amputation is inevitable. We present a case of malaria complicated by SPG. A 54-year old male developed SPG two days after he was diagnosed with severe malaria and treated with intravenous quinine. Despite intervention quad-amputation was necessary as the gangrene had involved all four limbs. SPG secondary to malaria is caused by obstruction of arterioles following sequestration of parasite infected erythrocytes. This is extremely rare, hence almost never anticipated during management of malaria patients. Furthermore due to its rapid progression, it is almost always detected at an advanced irreversible stage. Physicians managing malaria should therefore be vigilant, and look out for SPG, as its prognosis is dependent on correct and timely intervention.
Pseudologia Fantastica in the Emergency Department: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Robyn Thom, Polina Teslyar, Rohn Friedman
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Psychiatrists commonly encounter deception in the emergency department. This article presents the case of a patient who presents to the emergency department with an unusual and elaborate web of deceptions along multiple themes including feigning medical illness, multiple losses, and grandiose academic and athletic achievements. We review the clinical characteristics of pseudologia fantastica and discuss how this patient's constellation of malingering, factitious disorder, and personality disorder suggests this diagnosis.
Case Report: Neuroblastoma-Like Schwannoma in a Domestic Short-Haired Cat
Authors: Vivian S Chen, Andrew W Bollen, Paola Marco-Salazar, Robert J Higgins, Sílvia Sisó
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2022)
Keywords: cat, neurilemoma, neuroblastoma, peripheral nerve sheath tumor, schwannoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An axillary mass was detected in a 6-year-old, neutered, male, domestic short-haired cat during a wellness exam. Gross examination following surgical removal revealed a discrete, deep subcutaneous, discoid mass that was between 0.5- and 0.7-cm-in-diameter and diffusely firm and white. Histologically, the mass was well-demarcated, partially encapsulated, and expanded the panniculus carnosus. It was composed of tightly packed, giant rosettes of radially arranged fusiform cells stacked in one to 10 layers with peripherally palisading nuclei and with centrally oriented, fibrillary, cytoplasmic processes, and collagenous fibers. Laminin immunoreactivity and ultrastructural examination highlighted a continuous basal lamina outside the plasma membrane of each neoplastic cell. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for GFAP, S100, periaxin, and Sox-10 and were immunonegative for synaptophysin, smooth muscle actin, and pancytokeratin. Collective findings were consistent with a diagnosis of neuroblastoma-like schwannoma. This is the first veterinary report of this rare variant of benign schwannoma.
Crossed Renal Ectopia without Fusion-An Unusual Cause of Acute Abdominal Pain: A Case Report
Authors: D P Ramaema, W Moloantoa, Y Parag
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2012)

Introduction. Crossed renal ectopia is a congenital anomaly which usually goes unnoticed as most cases are asymptomatic. The majority, 90% of these are fused. Case Presentation. We report an unusual presentation of a case of crossed renal ectopia without fusion. Our patient is a 16-year-old adolescent male, previously fit and healthy, who presented with acute onset of abdominal pain. The clinical suspicion was that of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast revealed nonfused crossed renal ectopia. Conclusion. Although renal ectopia is an uncommon cause of acute abdominal pain, there should be an index of clinical suspicion in previously healthy individuals presenting with acute abdominal pain.
Colon Cancer with Streptococcus gallolyticus Aortic Valve Endocarditis: A Missing Link?
Authors: Chukwunonso Chime, Harish Patel, Kishore Kumar, Ahmed Elwan, Manoj Bhandari, Ariyo Ihimoyan
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Bacterial endocarditis is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Many bacterial species have been implicated; however, Streptococcus gallolyticus species (formerly "bovis") has driven attention given a historical association with colon cancer. Colonoscopy is recommended in an individual with S. gallolyticus endocarditis or bacteremia to evaluate the possibility of high-grade adenoma or colon cancer. There has been no firm recommendation for prophylactic antibiotics to prevent bacterial endocarditis for patients undergoing endoscopic procedures and postcolonoscopy bacteremia in an individual with an endoscopic procedure indicated for S. gallolyticus bacteremia has not been reported. Studies have been aimed at understanding the association between colon cancer and this bacterial pathogen. There are suggestions that the systemic manifestation of S. gallolyticus, a commensal in the colon premalignant cells, may be further predisposed by patient's immunocompromised status. We present a case of the 72-year-old man with the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma presented with aortic valve endocarditis and S. gallolyticus bacteremia. Colonoscopy revealed colon cancer and high-grade adenoma; few hours after procedure, he presented with Streptococcus mitis bacteremia. In conclusion, our case realigns association of S. gallolyticus to colon cancer, especially in an individual with altered immunity, and is novel to demonstrate the rare association of two distinct bacteria of Streptococcus species associated with cancer. Preendoscopic antibiotics use, though not standard of care, can be considered in the high-risk individual. Altered immunity can be considered the "missing link" inciting bacteremia in individuals with S. gallolyticus-associated colon cancer.
Primary Hypothyroidism with Markedly High Prolactin
Authors: Mohd Saleem Ansari, Mussa H Almalki
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2016)
Keywords: hyperplasia, hypothyroidism, pituitary, prolactin, thyroid hormone
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Secondary pituitary enlargement due to primary hypothyroidism is not a common manifestation. The loss of thyroxin feedback inhibition in primary hypothyroidism causes overproduction of thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH), which results in secondary pituitary enlargement. TRH has a weak stimulatory effect on the lactotroph cells of the pituitary, so a mild to moderate increase in prolactin (PRL) levels is expected. We report the case of a 67-year-old female who presented with a large pituitary mass and a very high level of TSH in association with a significant rise in PRL level. In this case, diagnosing a sellar mass was challenging; it was difficult to distinguish between pituitary prolactinoma and primary hypothyroidism with secondary pituitary hyperplasia. Thyroid hormone replacement proved that this patient's hyperprolactinemia was due to hyperplasia of the pituitary gland. As such, making the correct diagnosis and initiating thyroid hormone therapy can prevent unnecessary treatment with dopamine agonists.
Penile necrosis by calciphylaxis leading to gangrene in a patient with chronic renal failure on dialysis: A case report
Authors: Youssef Kouiss, Mohammed Aynaou, Amine El Houmaidi, Tarik Mhanna, Yacoub Ahmed, Abdelghani Ouraghi, Achraf Miri, Amal Bennani, Ali Barki
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: calcific uremic arteriolopathy, calciphylaxis, case report, fournier’s gangrene, penectomy, penis necrosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Penile calciphylaxis is a rare disease whose diagnosis is not easy. It is associated with chronic renal failure. It is a result of media calcification and blood vessels' fibrosis such as penile arteries that eventually lead to gangrene formation in extremities and penis. Calcific uremic arteriolopathy is commonly associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism and high level of calcium and phosphate.
Presentation of case:
In this paper, we report a case of penile necrosis induced by calciphylaxis associated with chronic renal failure and diabetic macroangiopathy. We performed a partial and total amputation in two stages because of the wound infection. The patient died one week after a total penectomy.
Discussion:
The skin biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis despite being a risky process. In most cases, appropriate medical management is advocated. The treatment of this pathology is still controversial.
Conclusion:
The management of this rare situation is controversial, and its diagnosis is still difficult due to the scarcity of reported cases.
Recurrent Adolescent Giant-Cell Tumor of the Scaphoid: Scaphoid Excision with Intracarpal Fusion after Failed Curettage and Bone Grafting
Authors: Chris Hoedt, Gabriel S Makar, Christina J Gutowski, Thomas Holdbrook, Tae Won B Kim, David A Fuller
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a case of the giant-cell tumor of bone in the scaphoid of a 17-year-old female. Imaging revealed an expansile lytic lesion of her scaphoid, and the diagnosis was confirmed with open biopsy. She was treated with curettage and iliac crest bone graft, in an effort to spare reconstruction of her wrist. After one year, she developed increasing tightness and pain. Local recurrence was apparent on radiographs, and CT revealed increased lucency with bony destruction in the area of prior excision. She was successfully treated, without recurrence to date, with complete scaphoid excision and a four-corner wrist fusion. Local recurrence of the giant-cell tumor of bone is high, especially in carpal bones. When treating patients with advanced lesions, more aggressive initial options should be considered.
Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Flap for Chronic Radiation-Induced Ulcer of the Axilla in Vietnam
Authors: Hong Quang Le, Anh Dung Hoang
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in females worldwide. Radiotherapy plays an important role for locoregional control in the comprehensive management of breast cancer. Chronic radiation-induced ulcer of the axilla can occur, and it is complicated to treat for these lesions. The application of a thoracodorsal artery perforator flap offers many advantages to be one of the most efficient treatments for radiation-induced ulcers of the axillary region. We introduce a series of 5 patients with radiation-induced ulcers of the axilla treated by using a thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. The mean operative time was 190 minutes. During at least a two-year follow-up, no complication has been found, and the patient has achieved good cosmetic result without movement limitation of the upper limb.
Orbital inflammatory disease secondary to epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in an adult patient: case report
Authors: Temiloluwa Moyosoreoluwa Abikoye
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: orbital inflammation, case report, conjunctivitis, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, molecular mimicry
MeSH terms: Inflammation / etiology, Keratoconjunctivitis / complications, Orbital Diseases / etiology, Case Reports, Adult, Eye Pain / etiology, Glucocorticoids / administration & dosage, Humans, Inflammation / diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Orbital Diseases / diagnosis, Treatment Outcome, Visual Acuity, Glucocorticoids

Orbital inflammatory disease, sequel to epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is an uncommon finding in adult patients. A 36-year-old male presented at the clinic with a 4-day history of left ocular pain and a one-month history of left eye redness and watering. Visual acuity in the eye was 6/5, with reduced red-color saturation and light brightness appreciation. Left eye examination showed periorbital fullness, a palpably enlarged and tender lacrimal gland, conjunctival follicles with pseudomembranes, and restriction of extraocular motility. Magnetic resonance imaging showed homogenous enhancement of the left lacrimal gland, lateral rectus muscle, pre and post-septal soft tissues. A diagnosis of left orbital inflammatory disease secondary to epidemic keratoconjunctivitis was made and patient was treated with high dose oral steroids over the course of 7 weeks, with complete resolution of clinical symptoms. In conclusion, orbital inflammatory disease can develop following epidemic keratoconjuctivitis in adults with good clinical response to oral steroids. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion when assessing adult patients for orbital inflammatory disease.
Case report: The intrauterine suture surgery-an original method in the treatment of old uterine false passage
Authors: Xiaolei Song, Re Na, Nianghai Peng, Wenming Cao, Yan Ke, Ping Liu, Chunlin Chen
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: abnormal uterine bleeding, conservative treatment failure, intrauterine adhesions, new technique of intrauterine suture, old uterine false passage
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
To introduce an effective approach using the hysteroscopy system for patients with old uterine false passage after a failed conservative treatment.
Materials and methods:
This study presents the case of a 34-year-old woman who was treated in the Department of Gynecology of Shenzhen Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital in 2018 with the complaint of "menstrual volumereduction for 2 years after abortion." A hysteroscopy was performed to make a clear diagnosis: (1) uterine cavity adhesion and (2) old uterine false passage. After the separation of adhesions, the patient was treated with estradiol and progesterone in sequence (estradiol valerate 3 mg, b.i.d., oral for 21 days; and dydrogesterone tablets 10 mg, b.i.d., oral for the second half of the cycle) for 3 months. After the review of the hysteroscopy results, it was found that there was no improvement in the old false passage; therefore, a suture and knotting surgery under hysteroscopy was performed to treat the old false passage in the uterus within 10 min, and the intraoperative blood loss was 2 ml. The patient was discharged 24 h postoperatively without any adverse perioperative complications.
Results:
Two months after the operation, the review of the hysteroscopy results showed that the old false passage in the uterus disappeared. After the 6-month follow-up, the menstrual volume increased compared with the previous one, close to the normal menstrual volume, and the patient experienced no pain and menstrual discomfort. The patient was lost to follow-up and was contacted again in 2022. It was found out that in 2019, she was pregnant with a baby boy who is now 3 years old and healthy.
Conclusion:
The intrauterine suture surgery presents a clear visual ﬁeld to old uterine false passage after a failed conservative treatment. In patients with old uterine false passage suffering from reduced fertility, the intrauterine suture surgery can be a minimally invasive and effective alternative if the conservative treatment for old uterine false passage failed.
Ovarian Cancer Metastasis to the Larynx: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chad Purcell, Ayham Al Afif, Martin Bullock, Martin Corsten
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Laryngeal secondary malignancies are rare, and most spread locoregionally from hypopharyngeal or thyroid primaries. Metastasis of ovarian carcinoma to the larynx is extremely rare. A 65-year-old woman with a history of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma was undergoing carboplatin chemotherapy for recurrence. She presented with progressive dysphagia and hoarseness; a computer tomography (CT) scan demonstrated bilateral necrotic lymphadenopathy and hypopharyngeal fullness. A hypopharyngeal mass was confirmed on examination, and operative biopsy identified it as high-grade serous ovarian. To our knowledge, this report describes the second immunohistochemically proven metastatic ovarian cancer detected in the larynx in the world literature.
Pheochromocytoma in Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease
Authors: Carmen Aresta, Gianfranco Butera, Antonietta Tufano, Giorgia Grassi, Livio Luzi, Stefano Benedini
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Studies on genome-wide transcription patterns have shown that many genetic alterations implicated in pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma (P-PGL) syndromes cluster in a common cellular pathway leading to aberrant activation of molecular response to hypoxia in normoxic conditions (the pseudohypoxia hypothesis). Several cases of P-PGL have been reported in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD). Patients affected with CCHD have an increased likelihood of P-PGL compared to those affected with noncyanotic congenital heart disease. One widely supported hypothesis is that chronic hypoxia represents the determining factor supporting this increased risk. We report the case of a 23-year-old woman affected with congenital tricuspid atresia surgically by the Fontan procedure. The patient was admitted to hospital with hypertensive crisis and dyspnea. Chest computed tomography revealed, incidentally, a 6-cm mass in the left adrenal lodge. Increased levels of noradrenaline (NA) and its metabolites were detected (plasma NA 5003.7 pg/ml, n.v.<480; urinary NA 1059.5 µg/24 h, n.v.<85.5; urinary metanephrine 489 µg/24 h, n.v.<320). The patient did not report any additional symptom related to catecholamine excess. The left adrenal tumor showed abnormal accumulation when 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was performed. A 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography showed no significant metabolic activity in the left adrenal gland but intense uptake in the supra- and subdiaphragmatic brown adipose tissue, probably due to noradrenergic-stimulated glucose uptake. The patient underwent left open adrenalectomy after preconditioning with α- and β-blockers and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (Ki-67<5%). Screening for germline mutations did not show any genes mutation (investigated mutations: RET, TMEM127, MAX, SDHD, SDHC, SDHB, SDHAF2, SDHA, and VHL). Clinicians should consider P-PGL when an unexplained clinical deterioration occurs in CCHD patients, even in the absence of typical paroxysmal symptoms.
Dermatomyositis revealing breast cancer: report of a case
Authors: Safae Lamquami, Sanae Errarhay, Nisrine Mamouni, Chahrazad Bouchikhi, Abdelaziz Banani
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2015)
Keywords: dermatomyositis, breast cancer, paraneoplastic syndromes
MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis, Dermatomyositis / diagnosis, Paraneoplastic Syndromes / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adult, Breast Neoplasms / complications, Dermatomyositis / etiology, Female, Humans, Paraneoplastic Syndromes / etiology

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare connective corresponding to an inflammatory disease of skeletal muscles. Paraneoplastic origin must always be sought, primarily gynecological tumor in women, but the investigations are often made difficult by the fact that a primary tumor is often not detectable at the time of the cutaneous manifestations. This approach includes in addition to the monitoring report at regular intervals of 6 to 12 months for two years after diagnosis. We report a case of Dermatomyositis revealing breast cancer.
Case report: Compound heterozygous mutations in the KDSR gene cause progressive keratodermia and thrombocytopenia
Authors: Li Wu, Yajie Zhang, Juan Zi, Yinyan Yan, Lihua Yu, Danna Lin, Lulu Huang, Xiaorong Lai, Xu Liao, Lihua Yang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: kdsr, case report, children, keratodermia, thrombocytopenia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

KDSR (3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase) is a short-chain dehydrogenase located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in KDSR cause defects in ceramides, which play a key role in the biological processes of the skin and other tissues. Herein, we report a case of compound heterozygous mutations in KDSR that caused progressive keratodermia and thrombocytopenia in a 2-year-old male patient.