OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury during liposuction and fat tissue grafting: a preventable surgical complication with devastating patient outcomes
Authors: Ibrahim E Abdallah, Rita Ayoub, Raja Sawaya, Salim C Saba
Journal: Patient Saf Surg (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Liposuction and autologous fat transplantation represent widely used techniques in plastic surgery to correct or enhance contour irregularities in the face and body. While these techniques are assumed to be safe, liposuction and fat grafting impose a hidden risk for serious preventable surgical complications and adverse patient outcomes. We hereby report two cases of iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury and provide recommendations on how to prevent this serious surgical complication.
Case presentation:
We present two cases of sciatic nerve injury - one related to liposuction and the other related to gluteal lipo-augmentation. The first case is a 20-year-old female who presented to our institution with right leg weakness one week after undergoing scar revision and fat grafting in the left peri-oral region to correct peri-oral cicatricial banding and tissue atrophy. Fat was harvested from the medial thigh using a 3-mm cannula with low-pressure manual suction, utilizing minimal tumescent solution. Nerve conduction velocity and electromyography testing suggested a right-sided sciatic nerve lesion as a result of direct trauma. The patient was observed for a period of 4 months during which time she underwent physical therapy. At four months post-operatively, she had recovered completely. The second case is that of a 39-year-old female who presented to our institution with left-sided weakness of foot eversion and dorsiflexion five days after she had undergone liposuction of the thighs, flanks, and abdomen in addition to gluteal lipo-augmentation at an outside facility. The patient had undergone super wet liposuction in the areas of the abdomen, flanks and thighs. 200 mL of collected fat was then transplanted into each buttock at multiple levels. Post-operative computed tomography and electroneurography revealed acute left sided sciatic injury consistent with direct trauma to or compression of the sciatic nerve. The patient underwent an extensive regimen of physical therapy. Three months post-operatively, the patient had regained some motor function, but was lost to follow-up thereafter.
Conclusion:
The sciatic nerve is relatively superficial and vulnerable to injury in the upper thigh and lower buttock regions. Therefore, extreme care should be taken when working in these areas to avoid direct or indirect injury to the sciatic nerve by compression or traction.
Alveolar adenoma of the lung: unusual diagnosis of a lesion positive on PET scan. A case report
Authors: Mario Nosotti, Paolo Mendogni, Lorenzo Rosso, Davide Tosi, Alessandro Palleschi, Maria Basciu, Luigi Santambrogio, Stefano Ferrero
Journal: J Cardiothorac Surg (2012)
MeSH terms: Adenoma / diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography, Pulmonary Alveoli, Case Reports, Female, Humans, Middle Aged

The authors report a clinical case of alveolar adenoma presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule which was positive to PET and deeply located in the lung. Few cases of alveolar adenomas have been reported in literature; these lesions are considered pulmonary neoplasms with benign behaviour, usually presenting as a peripheral or subpleural coin lesion; the PET activities of such neoplasms were unknown.The present clinical case was singular for the deep location of the nodule and its tight adhesion to left inferior pulmonary vein requiring a lobectomy. In addition, alveolar adenoma PET behaviour has been reported as light positivity.
Acute Heart Failure Due to Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning
Authors: Marija Petrovic, Diana Otero, Adam Leigh, Vikas Singh
Journal: Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J (2021)
Keywords: aluminum phosphide, chest pain, heart failure, poisoning
MeSH terms: Heart Failure / chemically induced, Heart Failure / diagnosis, Pesticides, Phosphines, Case Reports, Aluminum Compounds, Humans, Aluminum Compounds, Pesticides, Phosphines, aluminum phosphide

Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is a pesticide agent and infrequent culprit of accidental poisoning. We present a case of severe reversible cardiomyopathy and left ventricular apical thrombus in a patient who worked as an exterminator and had ALP poisoning.
Gastric perforation associated with tuberculosis: a case report
Authors: Richdeep S Gill, Sumeet S Gill, Harshdeep Mangat, Sarvesh Logsetty
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gastric tuberculosis is a rare presentation of tuberculosis infection. Gastric perforation associated with tuberculosis is exceedingly rare with five previously published cases. We present a case of a male patient that developed presumed gastric tuberculosis secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis infection. He subsequently developed gastric perforation and sepsis, for which he was treated both surgically and medically. Despite ongoing antituberculosis treatment, the patient's condition worsened and the patient died secondary to multiorgan failure. This case highlights gastric perforation as a rare but devastating complication of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Relationship Between Pregnancy and Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Single-Case Study
Authors: Shuwen Deng, Ke Qiu, Ranran Tu, Haiping Zheng, Wei Lu
Journal: Front Immunol (2021)
Keywords: immune tolerance, t-helper lymphocytes, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, immunological pathogenesis, pregnancy
MeSH terms: Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / immunology, Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / pathology, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Abortion, Spontaneous / immunology, Extraembryonic Membranes / immunology, Extraembryonic Membranes / pathology, Female, Humans, Lymphocytes / immunology, Lymphocytes / pathology, Maternal-Fetal Relations / physiology, Placenta / immunology, Placenta / pathology, Pregnancy, Proteins / immunology, Retrospective Studies, Signal Transduction / immunology, Proteins

The relationship between pregnancy and autoimmune diseases is unclear. This study investigated the possible role of local immune changes and the activation state of the HMGB1/TLR4/Nf-κB/IL-6 pathway at the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy in the pathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Clinical data and blood samples of a patient with ADEM were collected to observe the dynamic changes in lymphocyte populations after an abortion. The expression of HMGB1, TLR4, Nf-κB, AQP4, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in the fetal membrane and placenta was compared between the patient with pregnancy-related ADEM and a woman with a normal pregnancy using Real-time qPCR and western blotting (WB). The patient was diagnosed with ADEM in the early stage of pregnancy after showing limb weakness symptoms. In the third month of gestation, the symptoms worsened, with a disturbance of consciousness and breathing. After the abortion, the patient relapsed with vertigo and visual rotation. Analysis of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry showed that B lymphocytes increased, while natural killer T lymphocytes decreased. WB and Real-time qPCR showed that the expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, Nf-κB, AQP4, and IL-6 in the fetal membrane and placenta were higher in the patient with pregnancy-related ADEM than in the woman with a normal pregnancy, while those of IL-2 were lower in the patient than in the woman with a normal pregnancy. The local immune changes and the activation of the HMGB1/TLR4/Nf-κB/IL-6 pathway at the maternal-fetal interface may be related to the pathogenesis of ADEM.
A case of severe psychosis induced by novel recreational drugs
Authors: Filippo Dragogna, Lucio Oldani, Massimiliano Buoli, A Carlo Altamura
Journal: F1000Res (2014)

Introduction:
The use of novel recreational drugs is becoming of public interest, especially after recent international alerts about their cardiovascular and neurological toxicity. Additionally, little is known about the psychiatric consequences of the long-term use of these compounds.
Case presentation:
We describe a case of severe psychotic episode likely induced by chronic use of a combination of new recreational drugs (methylenedioxypyrovalerone, mephedrone, butylone and alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone). The patient had no psychiatric history and showed poor response to conventional antipsychotic treatment (haloperidol).
Conclusions:
This case illustrates the potential negative effects of recreational drugs that cannot be limited to an acute psychotic episode but might determine a condition of prolonged paranoid psychosis. Although the use of these compounds is currently increasing, such molecules might often pass undetected in patients accessing the emergency room, leading to misdiagnosis (e.g. schizophrenic episode) and lack of appropriate treatment.
Progressive Encephalomyelitis With Rigidity and Myoclonus With Thymoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yana Su, Li Cui, Mingqin Zhu, Yixuan Liang, Ying Zhang
Journal: Front Neurol (2020)
Keywords: anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, anti-glycine receptor antibody, progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus, thymoma, tumors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) is part of the variant type of the Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) and is a rare neurological disease. We report here a patient with PERM who had thymoma and was positive for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies. Her symptoms improved after treatment with hormones and gamma globulin. We also summarized the literature review of patients with PERM accompanied by tumors reported.
De Novo Mutation of the ADAMTS13 Gene with Mesenteric Ischemia in an Infant with Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Ibrahim Alharbi, Sarah Alqarni, Wed Khayyat, Amirah Almatrafi
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by ADAMTS13 deficiency or a severe decrease in its activity that is caused by homozygous or combined heterozygous mutations in its encoding gene. Here, we describe a de novo genetic mutation of the ADAMTS13 gene and a rare complication of cTTP in a neonate. Case Presentation. A full-term baby boy developed tachypnea, bradycardia, and oxygen desaturation at 2 h of life and was shifted to the newborn intensive care unit. He was oliguric in the first 24 h of life and had one episode of epistaxis. Blood-stained urine was observed in the urine catheter, and a coffee-ground-colored fluid was drained from the orogastric tube. Histopathological analysis revealed gastric perforation with features of ischemic insult. On day 8, genetic analysis confirmed the diagnosis of autosomal recessive familial thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and revealed a unique homozygous deletion mutation on exon 23 of ADAMTS13: c.2883del p.(Cys962Alafs ∗ 3).
Conclusion:
cTTP is a rare life-threatening autosomal recessive disease with a high mortality rate. Early detection and initiation of aggressive treatment with plasma infusion could be a life-saving strategy in such cases.
Prevention and Recovery of COVID-19 Patients With Kampo Medicine: Review of Case Reports and Ongoing Clinical Trials
Authors: Shin Takayama, Takao Namiki, Hiroshi Odaguchi, Ryutaro Arita, Akito Hisanaga, Kazuo Mitani, Takashi Ito
Journal: Front Pharmacol (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, japan society for oriental medicine, kampo, sars-cov-2, prevention, recovery, treatment
MeSH terms: Review

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread to Japan in 2020, where the number of infected patients exceeded 250,000 and COVID-related deaths exceeded 3,500 in one year. Basic guidelines for infection control were implemented in Japan, and research and development of effective drugs and vaccines were promoted. This included considering Kampo medicine, which has a long history of treating recurring emerging viral infections. Considering the characteristics of the disease (inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract as well as potential neural damage and vasculitis), Kampo medicine could be considered as a treatment strategy due to its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects induced by multiple active substances that could aid in disease prevention and recovery. In this study, case reports on the management of COVID-19 with Kampo medicine, which were published until March 31, 2021, were reviewed. The search strategy involved the use of Medline and hand-searching. Twenty two patients were treated using Kampo medicines with or without Western medicine, based on individual conditions. On the other hand, the effects of Kampo medicines as a potential preventive treatment (pre-infection), active treatment (especially in the acute and subacute stage), or treatment of sequelae to aid recovery (after infection) in the different stages of COVID-19 are being studied as research projects in the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine (JSOM). JSOM has also organized a pioneering project of clinical trials for COVID-19, some of which are now in progress.
Pregnancy in a Woman with Latent Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Induced Chronic Portal Vein Thrombosis, Portal Cavernoma, and Gastric Varices
Authors: Andréanne Durivage, Geneviève Le Templier, Annabelle Cumyn, Nadine Sauvé
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Extra-hepatic portal vein thrombosis (EHPVO) represents the obstruction of the portal vein outside the liver and is not related to chronic liver disease or neoplasia. In chronic EHPVO, collateral veins and portal hypertension develop, resulting in splenomegaly and variceal formation. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are the most frequent acquired etiology of EHPVO. These conditions put pregnant women at increased risk of vascular complications, including venous thrombosis, occlusion of the placental circulation, and variceal bleeding. In this report, we present a 36-year-old pregnant woman with chronic, anticoagulated EHPVO secondary to latent MPN who developed severe intrauterine growth restriction and had cesarean section at 32+1 weeks for increased umbilical doppler resistance and breech presentation. The article will emphasize outcome and management of pregnancies complicated by chronic EHPVO, portal hypertension, and MPN.
A New Rapidly Growing Dome-Shaped Choroidal Lesion in an Eye with Treated Retinoblastoma
Authors: Babak Masoomian, Maria Pefkianaki, Fariba Ghassemi, Hamid Riazi-Esfahani
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
To describe an extensive untreatable choroidal metastasis by retinoblastoma in the treated patient which was clinically indistinguishable from regular tumor recurrence.
Methods:
A 24-month-old girl without a family history of retinoblastoma (RB) was discovered to have group C RB in her right eye and group D in her left eye. The patient received 12 cycles of intravenous chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC), and intravitreal chemotherapy for the left eye and focal adjuvant therapy (laser thermotherapy and cryotherapy) for both eyes. Six months after the last treatment, fundus examination showed a regressed tumor in both eyes. Ten months after the last treatment, except for in addition to tumor recurrence, rising intraocular pressure was noticed in the left eye. While doing IAC for the left eye, a very rapid growing yellowish dome-shaped mass was found which had doubled in size in two weeks. Enucleation was considered for her.
Results:
Pathology evaluation of the enucleated eye revealed a very massive dome-shaped choroidal metastasis invasion with poorly differentiated RB tumor. Prophylactic systemic chemotherapy was performed for the patient.
Conclusion:
Choroidal metastasis in RB patients is often diagnosed based on pathology reports, but it may rarely be seen in clinical examinations especially if the pattern of tumor recurrence and growth is abnormal.
Eyelash Trichomegaly: Unusual Feature Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient
Authors: Amjad M AlWarawreh, Ahmad M AlWarawreh, Bashar F Jarrar, Asem H Aldebei, Mahasen S Ajarmeh, Fadi F Ayyash, Manal A Abu Al-Ghanam
Journal: Case Rep Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Eyelash trichomegaly is a rare disorder in which normal features of eyelashes such as length, color, thickness, or curling changes. It may occur due to many causes, such as the presence of other disorders such as HIV infection, congenital anomalies like oculocutaneous albinism, or Oliver-McFarlane syndrome. It may be linked to the use of certain drugs and can also be present as an isolated trait by birth. Here, we report a rare case of eyelash trichomegaly in a 19-year-old female having diffused alopecia, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Case Report: Characterization of a Novel NONO Intronic Mutation in a Fetus With X-Linked Syndromic Mental Retardation-34
Authors: Hairui Sun, Lu Han, Xiaoshan Zhang, Xiaoyan Hao, Xiaoxue Zhou, Ruiqing Pan, Hongjia Zhang, Yihua He
Journal: Front Genet (2020)
Keywords: nono (p54nrb), congenital heart disease, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, intronic variant, mini-gene splicing assay
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
The NONO gene is located on chromosome Xq13.1 and encodes a nuclear protein involved in RNA synthesis, transcriptional regulation, and DNA repair. Hemizygous variants in NONO have been reported to cause mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic 34 (MRXS34) in males. Due to the scarcity of clinical reports, the clinical characteristics and mutation spectrum of NONO-related disorder have not been entirely determined.
Methods:
We reported a fetus with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, performed a comprehensive genotyping examination, including copy-number variation sequencing and whole-exome sequencing, and screened for the genetic abnormality. We also conducted an in vitro mini-gene splicing assay to demonstrate the predicted deleterious effects of an intronic variant of NONO.
Results:
Exome sequencing identified a novel intronic variant (c.154 + 9A > G) in intron 4 of the NONO gene (NM_001145408.1). It was predicted to insert 4 bp of intron 4 into the mature mRNA. Minigene assay revealed that the c.154 + 9A > G variant caused the activation of the intronic cryptic splice site and 4 bp insertion (c.154_155ins GTGT) in mature mRNA. Literature review shows that cardiac phenotype, including left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease, are consistent features of MRXS34.
Conclusion:
This study enlarges the mutation spectrum of NONO, further expands hypoplastic left heart syndrome to the phenotype of MRXS34 and points out the importance of intronic sequence analysis and the need for integrative functional studies in the interpretation of sequence variants.
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in an Adolescent on Long-Term Inhalational Corticosteroids
Authors: Anthony C Egger, R Tracy Ballock
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A relationship between the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head and systemic corticosteroids has been well established in the literature, particularly in adults. However, the link between osteonecrosis and inhaled corticosteroids is less researched and understood. We report an usual case report of a 10-year-old male who developed ipsilateral femoral head osteonecrosis after long-term inhalational corticosteroid and intermittent short courses of oral steroid usage with a unique presentation and delayed diagnosis.
Case Report: A Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation of the FRMD4A Gene Identified in a Chinese Family With Global Developmental Delay, Intellectual Disability, and Ataxia
Authors: Yuhua Pan, Xiaoling Guo, Xiaoqiang Zhou, Yue Liu, Jingli Lian, Tingting Yang, Xiang Huang, Fei He, Jian Zhang, Buling Wu, Fu Xiong, Xingkun Yang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: frmd4a, compound heterozygous missense mutations, corpus callosum anomaly, global developmental delay (gdd), intellectual disability
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: FERM domain-containing protein 4A (FRMD4A) is a scaffolding protein previously proposed to be critical in the regulation of cell polarity in neurons and implicated in human intellectual development. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 3-year-old boy with corpus callosum anomaly, relative macrocephaly, ataxia, and unexplained global developmental delay. Here, compound heterozygous missense mutations in the FRMD4A gene [c.1830G>A, p.(Met610Ile) and c.2973G>C, p.(Gln991His)] were identified in the proband, and subsequent familial segregation showed that each parent had transmitted a mutation. Conclusions: Our results have confirmed the associations of mutations in the FRMD4A gene with intellectual development and indicated that for patients with unexplained global developmental delay, the FRMD4A gene should be included in the analysis of whole exome sequencing data, which can contribute to the identification of more patients affected by this severe phenotypic spectrum.
Dyspnea, tachycardia, and new onset seizure as a presentation of wilms tumor: a case report
Authors: Linda Li, Jennifer Light, Michael Marchick, Robyn Hoelle
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2014)

Wilms tumor is found in 1 in 10,000 children and most commonly presents in asymptomatic toddlers whose care givers notice a nontender abdominal mass in the right upper quadrant. This case of Wilms tumor presented as a critically ill eleven-year old with significant tachypnea, dyspnea, vague abdominal pain, intermittent emesis, new onset seizure, metabolic acidosis, and hypoxemia. This is the first case in the literature of Wilms Tumor with cavoatrial involvement and seizure and pulmonary embolism resulting in aggressive resuscitation and treatment. Treatment included anticoagulation, chemotherapy, nephrectomy, and surgical resection of thrombi, followed by adjunctive chemotherapy with pulmonary radiation.
Horizontal Ridge Augmentation and Contextual Implant Placement with a Resorbable Membrane and Particulated Anorganic Bovine Bone-Derived Mineral
Authors: Ferdinando Attanasio, Andrea Pacifici, Amerigo Giudice, Antonella Polimeni, Luciano Pacifici
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Alveolar ridge deficiency is considered a major limitation for successful implant placement. Various approaches have been developed to horizontal augmentation of bone volume. This case report presents the medium-term results of one-stage guided bone augmentation using an anorganic bovine bone (70%) and autologous bone (30%), placed in layers, in association with resorbable collagen membrane for a subsequent implant placement. The patient presented with a localized horizontal ridge defect in the posterior zone of the jaw. The clinical and radiographic presentations, as well as relevant literature, are presented.