OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Epithelium Lined Cyst of the Maxilla: Differential Diagnosis
Authors: C P Martinelli-Kläy, S Chatelain, F Salvado, T Lombardi
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Maxillary cysts, including the cysts lined by respiratory epithelium, can present a diagnostic challenge. We report an unusual case of a maxillary cyst on an endodontically treated tooth #16, in which the cavity was totally lined by a respiratory epithelium. The patient, a 35-year-old male, presented with a generalized chronic periodontitis and complained of a pain in the tooth #16 region. A periodontal pocket extending to the root apices with pus coming out from the gingival was found. A combined endodontic periodontal was observed on a panoramic radiography. CBCT-scan revealed a well-circumscribed radiolucent lesion at the apices of the distobuccal root of the 16. A communication with the right maxillary sinus cavity and a maxillary and ethmoidal sinusitis were also observed. The lesion was removed and histological examination revealed a cyst lined exclusively by respiratory epithelium. Ciliated and rare mucous cells were also observed. The diagnosis could evoke a surgical ciliated cyst mimicking the radicular cyst but the patient has no previous history of trauma or surgery in the maxillofacial region. It could also be an unusual radicular cyst in which the stratified squamous epithelium was destroyed by inflammation and replaced by a respiratory epithelium of the maxillary sinus.
Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the bladder
Authors: Michelle De Padua, N Subramanium
Journal: Indian J Urol (2007)
Keywords: benign, bladder, fibrous, histiocytoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Mesenchymal tumors of the bladder are rare with leiomyoma accounting for most of these. We present a rare case of a bladder benign fibrous histiocytoma in a 52-year-old male. He presented with history of straining during micturition since two years. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large intravesical mass. The mass was excised. It weighed 600g, with a maximum dimension of 13cm. Histology was that of a benign fibrous histiocytoma. To our knowledge, only two cases of this tumor have been reported in the bladder so far. The clinical and pathological features are discussed.
Two-Stage Cross-Hand Transfer: A Case Report
Authors: Tahseen Cheema, Husnain Khan, Nur Ul Ain
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: amputation, cross-hand transfer, finger transfer, hand reconstruction, hand rehabilitation, hand surgery, plastic surgery, poliomyelitis, reconstructive surgery, thumb transfer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This is a case report of a patient who presented with amputation of all digits of the left hand just distal to the metacarpophalangeal joint level due to a fodder cutter injury one year ago. There was poliomyelitis of the right hand since childhood. The patient was managed at the National Orthopedic Hospital, Bahawalpur, in 2014-2015. The surgery was planned in two stages. In stage 1, only the thumb transfer from the opposite hand was done. Stage 2 was performed three months later, in which the transfer of three digits was done from the opposite hand. Follow-up was done at one month, four months, and one year after surgery. The patient had a good recovery and is able to perform daily activities of life with excellent cosmetic results.
HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with brain metastases responds favorably to pyrotinib and trastuzumab-based treatment: A case report and literature review
Authors: Min-Long Chen, Wenjie Yu, Binbin Cui, Yijian Yu, Zhaosheng Ma
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: brain metastase, breast cancer, pyrotinib, trastuzumab, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

For HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients with the brain involved at initial diagnosis, there was no standard regimen before 2022 when the HER2CLIMB trial published its final overall survival analysis, and the prognosis is relatively poor under the current treatment strategy. We herein reported a case of a female patient who was initially diagnosed with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with brain metastases, receiving pyrotinib and trastuzumab-based systematic therapy after palliative craniocerebral radiotherapy as the first-line systematic therapy. During the treatment, the tumor lesions showed obvious regression, and chemotherapy drugs were gradually removed from the regimen. The patient continued receiving trastuzumab and pyrotinib for HER2-targeted therapy. She had achieved more than 26 months of progression-free survival and the disease was stable during the evaluation in April 2022. Radiotherapy followed by dual HER2-targeted therapy of macromolecular monoclonal antibodies trastuzumab and micromolecular TKI pyrotinib plus chemotherapy could be an alternative option for this subtype of patients and need to be further verified by future clinical trials.
Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Yao Wang, Minan Zhang, Qingfeng Xue, Huan Zhou, Jie Chen, Hong Wang, Yaping Zhang, Wenyu Shi
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: pd-1 inhibitor, chronic active epstein-barr virus disease, extranodal nk/t-cell lymphoma, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, single-cell transcriptomics
MeSH terms: Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / complications, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / drug therapy, Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell / diagnosis, Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell / drug therapy, Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell / pathology, Lymphoproliferative Disorders / diagnosis, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use, Transcriptome, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (CAEBV) is a systemic lymphoproliferative disorder that is closely linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The clinical course and severity of CAEBV can vary, and in some cases, it can progress to overt lymphoma, which is characterized by extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and has a poor clinical outcome. Although anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy has shown effectiveness in some patients with EBV-associated disease, it has been less successful in others, and the exact mechanism of action of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in these diseases remains unclear. In this report, we describe a patient who was diagnosed with ENKTL secondary to CAEBV and experienced rapid disease progression accompanied by hyperinflammation after receiving PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a significant increase in the patient's lymphocyte count, especially in natural killer cells, with increased activity following PD-1 inhibitor therapy. This case raises questions about the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in patients with EBV-associated diseases.
Phlebotomy treatment for elimination of perfluoroalkyl acids in a highly exposed family: a retrospective case-series
Authors: Stephen J Genuis, Yanna Liu, Quentin I T Genuis, Jonathan W Martin
Journal: PLoS One (2014)
MeSH terms: Environmental Exposure / adverse effects, Environmental Pollutants / pharmacokinetics, Fluorocarbons / pharmacokinetics, Phlebotomy, Adolescent, Female, Half-Life, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Environmental Pollutants, Fluorocarbons

Background:
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a family of commonly used synthetic chemicals that have become widespread environmental contaminants. In human serum, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perflurooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) are most frequently detected, in part owing to their long elimination half-lives of between 3.8 yrs (PFOA) and 8.5 yrs (PFHxS). These PFAAs also cross the placenta and have been associated with developmental toxicity, and some are considered likely human carcinogens. Interventions to eliminate PFAAs in highly contaminated individuals would reduce future health risks, but minimal research has been conducted on methods to facilitate accelerated human clearance of these persistent substances.
Methods:
Six patients with elevated serum concentrations from a single family were treated by intermittent phlebotomy over a 4-5 year period at intervals similar to, or less frequent than what is done for routine blood donation at Canadian Blood Services. The apparent elimination half-life (HLapp) for PFHxS, PFOS, and PFOA in this treated population was calculated in each patient and compared to the intrinsic elimination half-lives (HLin) from a literature reference population of untreated fluorochemical manufacturing plant retirees (n = 26, age >55 yrs).
Results:
For all three PFAAs monitored during phlebotomy, HLapp in each of the family members (except the mother, who had a low rate of venesection) was significantly shorter than the geometric mean HL measured in the reference population, and in some cases were even shorter compared to the fastest eliminator in the reference population.
Conclusion:
This study suggests significantly accelerated PFAA clearance with regular phlebotomy treatment, but the small sample size and the lack of controls in this clinical intervention precludes drawing firm conclusions. Given the minimal risks of intermittent phlebotomy, this may be an effective and safe clinical intervention to diminish the body burden of PFAAs in highly exposed people.
Aplasia in Chronic Phase CML Post-TKI Therapy: A Management Dilemma
Authors: Jeremy L Ramdial, Luis E Aguirre, Robert A Ali, Ronan Swords, Mark Goodman
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Transient cytopenias and bone marrow hypoplasia commonly occur during treatment of CML with TKIs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors). This is usually related to the eradication of CML clones that initially compose the majority of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow at the time of diagnosis. With continuation of effective therapy, normal blood counts return as normal hematopoiesis is restored and CML clones are reduced. Though rare and more unusual than myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), isolated instances of persistent marrow aplasia have been documented with chronic use of TKIs. We describe two such instances of chronic phase CML where no significant reduction of CML clones was achieved following treatment with TKIs, but bone marrow aplasia occurred resulting in persistent dysfunctional hematopoiesis. Due to prolonged aplasia/hypoplasia, such patients are no longer amenable to TKI treatment. CML progression to accelerated or blast phase in that setting would likely be fatal.
Gelatin-thrombin matrix: a new and simple way to manage recurrent epistaxis in hematology units
Authors: G Buiret, M Pavic, J C Pignat, F Pasquet
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2013)

Introduction. In case of thrombopenia and/or thrombopathy, epistaxes are very difficult to manage. Case Series. Two patients, one with a thrombocytopenia, the other with a thrombopathy, were hospitalized because of repeated active epistaxes after failure of packing. Both patients were successfully treated with an application of Surgiflo without side effects and left the hospital without recurrence of epistaxis. Discussion. Being a subject of many studies dealing with epistaxis, Surgiflo is a simple treatment that seems to be very effective and without side effects to treat acute epistaxis in fragile patients with coagulation disorders. Prospective studies of tolerance and efficiency in such situations should be performed.
Generating change through collective impact and systems science for childhood obesity prevention: The GenR8 Change case study
Authors: Kristy A Bolton, Penny Fraser, Janette Lowe, Marj Moodie, Colin Bell, Claudia Strugnell, Josh Hayward, Jaimie McGlashan, Lynne Millar, Jillian Whelan, Andrew Brown, Steven Allender
Journal: PLoS One (2022)
MeSH terms: Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology, Pediatric Obesity / prevention & control, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Child, Community Participation, Health Promotion, Humans, Victoria / epidemiology

Background:
Community-based interventions have shown promise in reducing childhood overweight and obesity. However, they have been critiqued for using linear logic models. Participatory community-based systems approaches are posited as addressing the complexity of non-linear relationships in a local context. Community members are empowered to understand and describe obesity causation, identify and prioritise possible solutions. The application of such approaches to childhood obesity is in its infancy.
Aim:
To describe the first 12 months of a participatory whole-of-community systems approach to creating collective action to tackle childhood obesity, called GenR8 Change, in a local government area of Victoria, Australia.
Methods:
Three group model building (GMB) sessions focused on the development of a causal loop diagram (CLD), prioritised evidence-informed actions, and developed implementation strategies. The collective impact framework underpinned the approach, with a local backbone group supporting community members to implement prioritised actions.
Results:
The first two GMB sessions included 20 key community leaders where a CLD examining the factors contributing to childhood obesity in the community was constructed and refined (22 variables GMB1, 53 variables GMB2). In the third session, 171 members of the wider community further refined the CLD, identified priorities for childhood obesity prevention (72 variables in final CLD). One-hundred and thirteen individuals signed up across 13 working groups to plan and implement 53 prioritised actions. Agreed community actions included creating sugar free zones; developing healthy policies; increasing breastfeeding rates; improving drinking water access; and increasing physical activity options. Twelve months post-GMB3, 115 actions had been implemented.
Conclusion:
GenR8 Change is one of the first communities to apply systems thinking to childhood obesity prevention. Knowledge on how to collectively identify relevant leverage points to tackle childhood obesity can now be shared with other communities.
A novel TRPS1 gene mutation causing trichorhinophalangeal syndrome with growth hormone responsive short stature: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lina Merjaneh, John S Parks, Andrew B Muir, Doris Fadoju
Journal: Int J Pediatr Endocrinol (2014)
Keywords: conical epiphyses, growth hormone, hip dysplasia, missense mutation, nonsense mutation, sparse eyebrows, trps1, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type i
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The role of growth hormone (GH) and its therapeutic supplementation in the trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I (TRPS I) is not well delineated. TRPS I is a rare congenital syndrome, characterized by craniofacial and skeletal malformations including short stature, sparse, thin scalp hair and lateral eyebrows, pear-shaped nose, cone shaped epiphyses and hip dysplasia. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and caused by haploinsufficiency of the TRPS1 gene. We report a family (Mother and 3 of her 4 children) with a novel mutation in the TRPS1 gene. The diagnosis was suspected only after meeting all family members and comparing affected and unaffected siblings since the features of this syndrome might be subtle. The eldest sibling, who had neither GH deficiency nor insensitivity, improved his growth velocity and height SDS after 2 years of treatment with exogenous GH. No change in growth velocity was observed in the untreated siblings during this same period. This report emphasizes the importance of examining all family members when suspecting a genetic syndrome. It also demonstrates the therapeutic effect of GH treatment in TRPS I despite normal GH-IGF1 axis. A review of the literature is included to address whether TRPS I is associated with: a) GH deficiency, b) GH resistance, or c) GH-responsive short stature. More studies are needed before recommending GH treatment for TRPS I but a trial should be considered on an individual basis.
Diagnostic Bedside Vestibuloocular Reflex Evaluation in the Setting of a False Negative Fistula Test in Cholesteatoma of the Middle Ear
Authors: Ricardo D'Albora, Ligia Silveira, Sergio Carmona, Nicolas Perez-Fernandez
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. False negative fistula testing in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media is a dilemma when proceeding to surgery. It is imperative to rule out a dead labyrinth or a mass effect secondary to the cholesteatoma in an otherwise normally functioning inner ear. We present a case series of three patients in whom a bedside vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) evaluation using a head impulse test was used successfully for further evaluation prior to surgery. Results. In all three cases with a false negative fistula test we were able to further evaluate at the bedside and were not only able to register the abnormal VOR but also localize its deterioration to a particular semicircular canal eroded by the fistula. Conclusion. Vestibuloocular reflex evaluation is mandatory in patients with suspected labyrinthine fistula due to cholesteatoma of the middle ear before proceeding to surgery. We demonstrate successful use of a bedside head impulse test for further evaluation prior to surgery in patients with false negative fistula test.
Fat Embolism Syndrome in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients: Early Recognition and Aggressive Therapy
Authors: Lee D Murphy, Mouhammad Yabrodi, Riad Lutfi
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe two pediatric patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy that presented with acute neurologic deterioration and hypoxic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. These cases fulfill the clinical criteria for Fat Embolism Syndrome. Early recognition and aggressive supportive therapy with mechanical ventilation, right ventricular afterload reduction, and blood transfusion led to survival without any residual effects from the event. Fat Embolism Syndrome needs to be considered early in the course of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who present with respiratory and neurological symptoms.
Transcatheter Closing Atrial Septal Defect in a Child With Hereditary Spherocytosis
Authors: Zhixian Ji, Na Liu, Zhanhui Du, Gang Luo, Zhen Bing, Quansheng Xing, Silin Pan
Journal: Front Pediatr (2019)
Keywords: atrial septal defect, cardiopulmonary bypass, hemolysis, hereditary spherocytosis, percutaneous transcatheter closure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 3-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital for the correction of atrial septal defect (ASD). Open heart operation with cardiopulmonary bypass is dangerous because the patient also had hereditary spherocytosis, which put her at risk for hemolytic anemia. Therefore, percutaneous transcatheter closure for ASD was chosen and performed successfully, which avoided the erythrocyte damage caused by cardiopulmonary bypass. This is the first time such a case has been reported, and we present an alternative approach for ASD with hereditary spherocytosis.
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis in a Five-Month-Old Male with Rickets
Authors: Minnie John, Aseel Al-Jadiri, Christabelle Co, Maher Abulfaraj, Lucia J Santiago
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Osteomyelitis is defined as an infection of the bone, bone marrow, and the surrounding soft tissues. Most cases of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children are caused by Gram-positive bacteria, principally Staphylococcus aureus. We present a case where a 5-month-old male had an acute onset of decreased movement of his left leg and increased irritability and was subsequently diagnosed with rickets and hematogenous osteomyelitis with bacteremia. The case explores a possible association between hematogenous osteomyelitis and rickets.
A Case Report: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (FAB M7)
Authors: R Masoumi-Dehshiri, As Hashemi, H Neamatzadeh, H Zare-Zardeini
Journal: Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol (2014)
Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia, bone marrow examination, weakness
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M7) is a type of pediatric AML accounting for 3-10% of primary childhood AML and children may present with a broad variety of symptoms including low-grade fever, diarrhea, easy bruising, failure to gain weight and life-threatening conditions. We report a rare case of AML .A 26-month-old boy who presented with weakness and fatigue. He was diagnosed as a case of AMLM-7 on the basis of peripheral blood finding, bone marrow examination report and immune phenotyping.
Novel approaches to the patient with massive hemoptysis
Authors: Scott Parrish, William Krimsky, Robert Browning, Mohamad Alabrash
Journal: J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect (2012)
Keywords: endobronchial techniques, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, hemoptysis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality when treated conservatively. Several modalities have been described in the treatment of hemoptysis with varying results. Endobronchial therapy has traditionally been performed with rigid bronchoscopy. This requires both specialized training and equipment that is not readily available in many centers. The role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is unclear in these situations but is more widely accessible. We describe three cases of the successful treatment of hemoptysis with FOB. These patients were treated with a combination of techniques described previously in the literature; however, these methods failed to result in cessation of the bleeding. Therefore, we employed alternative strategies not described in the literature, using oxidized regenerated cellulose with FOB alone as well as in conjunction with endobronchial placement of vascular embolization coils. These additional techniques may offer other options when rigid bronchoscopy or other modalities are not readily available.