OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Pineal anlage tumor: clinical and diagnostic features, and rationales for treatment
Authors: Denise Obrecht-Sturm, Elke Pfaff, Martin Mynarek, Brigitte Bison, Martina Rodehüser, Martina Becker, Silke Kietz, Stefan M Pfister, David T Jones, Dominik Sturm, Andreas von Deimling, Felix Sahm, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann, Rudolf Schwarz, Torsten Pietsch, Gudrun Fleischhack, Stefan Rutkowski
Journal: J Neurooncol (2024)
Keywords: pineal anlage tumor, pineal gland, pineoblastoma
MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms / diagnosis, Brain Neoplasms / surgery, Pineal Gland / pathology, Pineal Gland / surgery, Pinealoma / diagnosis, Pinealoma / surgery, Supratentorial Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult

Purpose:
To provide a treatment-focused review and develop basic treatment guidelines for patients diagnosed with pineal anlage tumor (PAT).
Methods:
Prospectively collected data of three patients with pineal anlage tumor from Germany was combined with clinical details and treatment information from 17 published cases.
Results:
Overall, 20 cases of PAT were identified (3 not previously reported German cases, 17 cases from published reports). Age at diagnosis ranged from 0.3 to 35.0 (median: 3.2 ± 7.8) years. All but three cases were diagnosed before the age of three years. For three cases, metastatic disease at initial staging was described. All patients underwent tumor surgery (gross-total resection: 9, subtotal resection/biopsy: 9, extent of resection unknown: 2). 15/20 patients were alive at last follow-up. Median follow-up for 10/15 surviving patients with available follow-up and treatment data was 2.4 years (0.3-6.5). Relapse was reported for 3 patients within 0.8 years after diagnosis. Five patients died, 3 after relapse and 2 from early postoperative complications. Two-year-progression-free- and -overall survival were 65.2 ± 12.7% and 49.2 ± 18.2%, respectively. All 4 patients who received intensive chemotherapy including high-dose chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (2 focal, 2 craniospinal [CSI]) had no recurrence. Focal radiotherapy- and CSI-free survival rates in 13 evaluable patients were 46.2% (6/13) and 61.5% (8/13), respectively.
Conclusion:
PAT is an aggressive disease mostly affecting young children. Therefore, adjuvant therapy using intensive chemotherapy and considering radiotherapy appears to comprise an appropriate treatment strategy. Reporting further cases is crucial to evaluate distinct treatment strategies.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis during treatment of intracranial multifocal germinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ting Guo, Zichun Liu, Yixin Chen, Yangyang Cheng, Kaitong He, Xin Lin, Mingzhu Wang, Yihua Sun
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: case report, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hemophagocytic syndrome, intracranial multifocal germinoma, malignancy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), also known as hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), is a benign histiocytosis with hyperreactive proliferation of the mononuclear phagocyte system caused by immune function abnormalities, which often occurs under the background of genetic mutations, inflammation, infection or tumors. Because the research on malignancy-associated HLH (M-HLH) is focused on hematological malignancies, reports on HLH secondary to solid tumors are rare. In this case, we report a 14-year-old girl who developed HLH during treatment for intracranial multifocal germinoma, and the disease was controlled after hormone combined with etoposide(VP-16) and other related treatments. To our knowledge, there have been no documented cases of HLH caused by intracranial multifocal germinoma.
ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis following COVID-19 vaccination: a case report and literature review
Authors: Marcos Adriano Garcia Campos, Tiago de Oliveira Valois, Luís Eduardo Magalhães, Lucas Fernandes Vasques, Rafael Goulart de Medeiros, Denise Maria do Nascimento Costa, Natalino Salgado Filho, Raquel Moraes da Rocha Nogueira, Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes Neves, Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: anca, covid-19, glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, vaccine
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Glomerulonephritis / etiology, Lupus Nephritis / etiology, Vasculitis, Review, Case Reports, Aged, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, COVID-19 Vaccines / adverse effects, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination / adverse effects, COVID-19 Vaccines, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic

With the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination, it has been possible to observe the potential side effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with the most common ones being fever, myalgia, headache, and fatigue. However, an association has been observed between new and recurrent kidney injuries, mainly glomerulonephritis and lupus nephritis associated with ANCA, with the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Sinovac, and AstraZeneca vaccines, although the relationship between them is not clear. We report a case of ANCA-related vasculitis and lupus glomerulonephritis after the second dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine. The elderly patient presented significant worsening of kidney function after immunosuppression and complications after a new onset COVID-19 infection that led to death. We provide a literature review about kidney damage related to ANCA vasculitis after COVID-19 vaccine, aiming for a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of kidney injury, its presentation, and treatment.
Intraperitoneal spread in uterine sarcoma following unprotected laparoscopic transvaginal uterine morcellation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jianhao Sun, Xinjuan Jiao, Zhenzhen Wu, Tingting Yao, Shumei Tuo, Yueyuan Wang, Ruirong Chen, Jing He, Jifang Qian, Shengfang Xu, Qing Liu
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: laparoscopy, morcellation, tumor spread, undifferentiated sarcomas, uterine sarcomas
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Clinically and through auxiliary examinations, distinguishing uterine leiomyoma from early-stage uterine sarcoma presents significant challenges. A 48-year-old patient underwent a laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine leiomyoma, during which a large uterus was excised through the vagina and extracted. Four months post-operation, the patient developed abdominal distension, indicative of extensive pelvic-abdominal dissemination of uterine sarcoma. We hypothesize that unprotected fibroid fragmentation increases the risk of uterine sarcoma spread, thereby worsening the prognosis. Our literature review aims to thoroughly understand the risks associated with unprotected transvaginal laparoscopic tumor division.
A Rare Afferent Loop Syndrome Case in Adulthood Following Liver Transplantation in Neonatal Hemochromatosis
Authors: Meghan R Mansour, Thomas D Meram, Steven A Kessler, Ali Khreisat, Adam Wernette, Justin K Skrzynski
Journal: Gastro Hep Adv (2023)
Keywords: afferent limb syndrome, afferent loop syndrome, anastomotic stricture, hepatobiliary complications, neonatal hemochromatosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Afferent loop syndrome, sometimes referred to as afferent limb syndrome, is an infrequent mechanical complication frequently observed following foregut surgeries involving the connection of the stomach or esophagus to the jejunum. This condition is commonly found in individuals who have undergone Billroth II reconstruction following a partial gastrectomy. Here, we present the first documented case of afferent loop syndrome in a patient with a medical history involving a liver transplant due to neonatal hemochromatosis.
Case report: Highly response to low-dose brachytherapy in recurrent retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma with FANCD2 frameshift mutation: a unique case study
Authors: Xiao Li Liu, Jinxin Zhao, Xue Min Di, Guohui Cao, Hongtao Zhang, Juan Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: fancd2, brachytherapy, low dose, radioactive iodine-125, retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of recurrent retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma in a male who achieved a rapid and robust but transient clinical response to low-dose iodine-125 brachytherapy. A FANCD2 frameshift mutation was detected by gene sequencing in the cancerous tissue.
The effect of NK cell therapy on sepsis secondary to lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Jingling Tang, Lulu Xie, Honglin Liu, Liyun Wu, Xiaoyang Li, Hang Du, Xinjun Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Yuan Yang
Journal: Open Life Sci (2023)
Keywords: case report, cytokines, lung cancer, natural killer cell therapy, sepsis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Patients with sepsis face high mortality rates and a bleak prognosis, prompting the need for advanced therapeutic interventions. A male patient diagnosed with moderately low-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma received diverse treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy to inhibit angiogenesis. Subsequently, he developed sepsis after comprehensive treatment, and conventional antibiotic combinations proved ineffective in combating the infection. As an experimental approach, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell infusion was administered. Following the NK cell infusion, the patient regained consciousness, and laboratory analyses showed reduced infection-related markers, suppressed serum inflammatory cytokines, and elevated anti-tumor cytokines. However, the therapeutic effect only lasted 2-3 days. In vitro investigations demonstrated that the allogeneic NK cell product reduced interleukin-6 levels in the patient's serum. Moreover, subsequent co-cultivation of the NK cell product with the patient's serum resulted in a decrease in the proportion of cytotoxic subpopulations of NK cells and a downregulation of the expression of NK-mediated killing molecules. In conclusion, adoptive transfusion of allogeneic NK cells may improve sepsis symptoms in patients with tumor-related sepsis. In vitro co-culture tests hold promise in providing predictive biomarkers for treatment effectiveness.
Successful Repair and Management of Severe Scalp Avulsion Incurred during Birth in an Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant
Authors: Shoko Takahashi, Yu Kanai, Yayoi Miyazono, Daisuke Hitaka, Yuki Fujita, Yoichiro Shibuya, Hidetoshi Takada
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Minor head trauma, such as scalp abrasion, is relatively common during vaginal delivery, whereas fatal head trauma is rare. This case report describes the successful repair and management of severe scalp avulsion that occurred during vaginal delivery and consequent hemorrhagic shock in an extremely low birth weight infant. Case Presentation. An extremely low birth weight infant (26 weeks' gestational age) sustained extensive scalp avulsion during vaginal delivery that exposed the skull. The scalp laceration began in the frontal temporal region and extended bilaterally along the temporal region for 20 cm. The infant experienced hemorrhagic shock soon after birth due to bleeding from the wound and was placed in a closed incubator for intensive care. At 7 h after birth, the wounds were repaired using sutures. Bleeding was quickly controlled, and the infant recovered from hemorrhagic shock. A wet dressing was applied to the wound, and the flap healed without necrosis.
Conclusion:
We successfully repaired severe scalp avulsion in this case. Scalp avulsion can cause severe bleeding and death. Bleeding control and the preservation of circulation are the most important factors in its repair and maintenance. In this case, suturing the wound effectively controlled the bleeding, and the application of wet dressing and a high-humidity environment thereafter may have contributed to the scalp's engraftment.
Successful Treatment of SCD-Related Priapism With Crizanlizumab: A Case Series
Authors: Modupe Idowu, Roberto L Garcia, Oluwatosin B Sule
Journal: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: crizanlizumab, priapism, sickle cell disease
MeSH terms: Anemia, Sickle Cell / complications, Anemia, Sickle Cell / drug therapy, Priapism / drug therapy, Priapism / etiology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use, Humans, Male, crizanlizumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

Priapism, an unwanted, painful, prolonged erection that is unrelated to sexual stimulation, is a common complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). Priapic events in SCD are stuttering, meaning they occur repeatedly with intervening periods of detumescence. Without health care intervention, repeated episodes can lead to erectile dysfunction. There are limited treatment options for SCD-related priapism and no approved targeted therapies. Crizanlizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to P-selectin and is used to reduce the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises in patients with SCD. Here, we report the cases of 3 patients with SCD-related priapism who were treated with crizanlizumab. All patients were African American men who experienced numerous priapic episodes that interfered with their daily lives. Upon treatment with crizanlizumab, priapic events were reduced in all 3 patients. These successful cases suggest a potential role for crizanlizumab in the prevention of SCD-related priapism.
Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma as a covert trigger for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicated with capillary leak syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Jingjing Wen, Juan Xu, Jie Ji, Wenyan Zhang, Qin Zheng, Ting Liu, Yuhuan Zheng, Hongbing Ma
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: capillary leak syndrome, cytokine, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immunochemotherapy, intravascular large b-cell lymphoma, transplantation
MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use, Capillary Leak Syndrome / diagnosis, Capillary Leak Syndrome / etiology, Capillary Leak Syndrome / therapy, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / complications, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / etiology, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / complications, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / diagnosis, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / drug therapy, Case Reports, Review, Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use, Doxorubicin / administration & dosage, Doxorubicin / therapeutic use, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prednisone / therapeutic use, Rituximab / therapeutic use, Vincristine / therapeutic use, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Prednisone, R-CHOP protocol, Doxorubicin, Rituximab

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-associated IVLBCL variants exhibit significantly poor survival. Cytokines play pivotal roles in malignancy-associated HLH as well as in capillary leak syndrome (CLS). The pathogenesis of CLS involves hyperpermeability and transient endothelial dysfunction. Here, we report the first case of HLH-associated IVLBCL variant complicated with CLS. The patient presented with fever, refractory hypoproteinemia, hypotension and severe edema, followed by telangiectasias. Treatment with etoposide and dexamethasone and hydroxyethyl starch-based artificial colloid led to transient improvement. The diagnosis of IVLBCL was confirmed after the sixth bone marrow biopsy. Subsequently, the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) regimen was administered and resulted in prompt alleviation of CLS and HLH symptoms. The patient has survived for more than 6 years after combination of immunochemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem-cell transplantation. This case provides some insights into the mechanism and clinical management of IVLBCL complicated with HLH and CLS. Similar cases concerning lymphoma-associated CLSs were also reviewed.
Case report: A case of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus azygosporus infection complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lu Wang, Yuanqing Qu, Lu Tang, Yanmei Li, Lu Liu, Yuan Liu
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: rhizopus azygosporus, case, mucormycosis, pneumonia, type 2 diabetes
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A case of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) caused by Rhizopus azygosporus infection complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus is reported. An adult male patient had a productive cough for more than 10 days, aggravated by blood in the sputum for 9 days. Laboratory examination confirmed that he had had type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketosis for more than 3 years, and his chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed lesions, cavities, and a small effusion in the right lower lobe. The lavage fluid was taken by bronchoscope for bacterial culture and mNGS, which indicated Rhizopus azygosporus growth. Mucormycosis was diagnosed. The patient was given amphotericin B cholesterol sulfate complex for 30 days, and his renal function was closely monitored. After that, his right lower lobe was resected. To date, the patient has recovered well.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with continuously elevated immunoglobulin M following treatment: a case report with pathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular analyses
Authors: Fei Xiao, Yong-Mei Cai, Jian-Chen Fang, Yan-Ying Shen, Bao-Hua Yu, Yi-Wei Zhang, Di Zhu, Zi-Hua Li, Guo-Qing Li, Jian Hou, Min-Yue Zhang, Hong-Hui Huang
Journal: Front Genet (2023)
Keywords: myd88 mutation, waldenström macroglobulinemia, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, immunoglobulin m, immunoglobulin heavy-chain sequencing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been reported to be accompanied by elevated immunoglobulin M (IgM) paraprotein in the serum at diagnosis, called as IgMs-DLBCL. The monoclonal IgM paraprotein disappears soon after treatment in most of these patients. Here, we described a DLBCL patient with continuously elevated IgM following therapy. A 59-year-old male was diagnosed with DLBCL (GCB subtype per Hans algorithm, stage IA) with involvement of the right cervical lymph node. After six cycles of immuno-chemotherapy with the R-CHOP regimen, complete metabolic remission was achieved, but an elevated level of serum IgM persisted. To investigate the origin of elevated IgM, pathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular analyses of lymph node and bone marrow (BM) samples were performed pre- and post-treatment. BM infiltration of lymphoplasmacytic cells, and a typical immunophenotypic profile by flow cytometry supported the diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). The MCD subtype of DLBCL was identified by next-generation sequencing of the lymph node at initial diagnosis characterized by co-occurring point mutations in MYD88 L265P and CD79B. Additionally, two different dominant clonotypes of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) were detected in the lymph node and BM by IGH sequencing, which was IGHV 3-11*06/IGHJ 3*02 and IGHV 3-11*06/IGHJ 6*02, respectively, speculating to be two independent clonal origins. This study will provide a panoramic understanding of the origin or biological characteristics of DLBCL co-occurring with WM.
Case report: Pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed through rare brain metastases
Authors: Na Tan, Zhiqiang Ouyang, Xirui Duan, Xinyan Zhou, Yu Zhu, Jixiang Chu, Dan Luo, Hai-Long Dai, Chengde Liao
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: brain metastases, case report, multidisciplinary team, pulmonary artery sarcomas, pulmonary hypertension
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present the case of a 33-year-old male referred across several hospitals because of suspected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Initially admitted in October 2022 for a recurrent, severe cough and diagnosed with CTEPH, he received anticoagulant therapy. However, his symptoms worsened, necessitating a transfer to another facility for thrombolysis treatment. Following an episode of syncope, an MRI scan revealed a metastatic brain tumor. Subsequently, he experienced a third transfer to our hospital, emergency surgery was performed to alleviate cerebral edema and excise a lesion in the left frontal lobe. Postoperative pathology was inconclusive, but a multidisciplinary team meeting, aided by experienced radiologists, eventually confirmed a diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) with systemic metastases. This case underscores the necessity of promptly ruling out PAS in patients presenting with significant emboli in the central pulmonary arteries and suggests early referral to specialized centers for suspected cases.
Case Report: The unique case of flexible intramedullary nailing of pediatric radius complicated with temporary radial nerve's motor branch damage
Authors: Łukasz Wiktor, Ryszard Tomaszewski
Journal: Front Pediatr (2024)
Keywords: children, elastic-stable intramedullary nailing, forearm shaft fracture, motor branch of the radial nerve, radial nerve injury
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This study reported a case of radius flexible intramedullary nailing complicated by temporary paralysis of the posterior interosseous nerve due to compression of the ESIN on the nerve in an 8-year-old boy. The nerve damage resulted from an essential misconception at the surgery. Despite bad decisions made during qualifications and the procedure undertaken, restoring the nerve function, and gaining satisfactory functional fracture recovery was possible. Although it is generally acknowledged to perform retrograde flexible intramedullary nailing from the level of the distal radial metaphysis, the presentation of our case aims to emphasize the real risk of damage to the motor branch of the radial nerve when approaching the proximal metaphysis.
Treatment of renal leiomyosarcoma with right atrial tumor embolus without cardiopulmonary bypass: a case report
Authors: Yuanpeng Duan, Chengwei Bi, Guoying Zhang, Yapeng Xing, Yang Qin, Bin Zhao
Journal: Front Oncol (2024)
Keywords: artificial vascular replacement, cardiopulmonary bypass, inferior vena cava tumor thrombolus, primary renal leiomyosarcoma, right atrial tumor embolus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
To investigate the clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological features, treatment methods and prognosis of primary leiomyosarcoma of kidney, and the choice of treatment with tumor thrombus.
Methods:
The clinical data of a patient with primary renal leiomyosarcoma complicated with inferior vena cava and right atrial tumor thrombus were retrospectively analyzed. Radical resection of right kidney without cardiopulmonary bypass and removal of inferior vena cava and right atrial tumor thrombus were performed. Adjuvant intravenous chemotherapy was given according to the results, and follow-up observation was made.
Results:
Postoperative pathological findings were: leiomyosarcoma (right renal tumor), the size of the mass was about 12.1 cm, and no cancer was found at the incision end of the right ureter.
Conclusion:
Primary leiomyosarcoma of kidney is rare in clinical practice, and complication of right atrial tumor embolus is even rarer. The disease has high malignant degree and poor prognosis. The clinical manifestations and imaging examinations were non-specific, and pathological diagnosis was the gold standard. Radical surgical resection is the main treatment method at present, and it provides experience for the treatment of grade IV tumor thrombus without cardiopulmonary bypass.