OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Teratoma of the anterior mediastinum presenting as a cystic neck mass: a case report
Authors: Gaurav Agarwal, Dilip K Kar
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2008)

Introduction:
Teratomas of anterior mediastinum are rare tumors and are often slow growing, asymptomatic and detected incidentally on chest imaging. Results of surgical resection are very satisfactory.
Case presentation:
A 19-years old male presented with an asymptomatic cystic neck mass. X-ray and CT scan of chest and neck showed an extrathyroidal multi-septate, predominantly cystic neck mass, that was continuous with a solid intrathoracic mass extending up to the level of right atrium and which contained areas of calcification and cystic necrosis. The mediastinal structures did not show any features of compression or infiltration. Fine needle aspiration cytology from the neck mass was suggestive of a dermoid cyst. In view of the extent and uncertain pathological nature of the tumor, it was excised via a combined cervical and trans-sternal route. Histo-pathology of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a mature cystic teratoma. The patient made an uneventful recovery, and after five years of follow-up, he has been symptom free with no clinical or radiological evidence of recurrent disease. We discuss the role of imaging and the need for surgical treatment to avoid possible catastrophic complications in patients with cervical and mediastinal masses of uncertain histological nature.
Conclusion:
A mediastinal teratoma may rarely present as a cystic neck swelling due to its cephalad extension. This entity needs to be considered in cases where clinical and investigative work-up fail to provide a convincing clue to a primary neck pathology as cause of a cystic neck swelling.
Relief of urinary urgency, hesitancy, and male pelvic pain with pulse radiofrequency ablation of the pudendal nerve: a case presentation
Authors: Christopher Bui, Sanjog Pangarkar, Scott I Zeitlin
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2013)

Background and Aims. This report demonstrates the utility of a pudendal nerve block by pulsed radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of male pelvic pain and urinary urgency and hesitancy. Methods. The patient is an 86-year-old gentleman with a 30-year history of urinary hesitancy and urgency. The patient also had pain in the area of the perineum but considered it a secondary issue. The patient was seen by a number of specialists, tried various medications, and underwent a variety of procedures to no avail. Therefore, the patient underwent a pulsed RFA of the pudendal nerve. Results. The patient underwent a pulsed RFA of the pudendal nerve; the patient reported marked improvement in his pelvic pain as well as a drastic reduction in his urinary urgency and hesitancy. Conclusion. Urinary urgency and hesitancy and male pelvic pain are some of the most common symptoms affecting men. Pudendal nerve block by pulsed RFA is an effective treatment of pelvic pain. It may also hold some therapeutic value in the treatment of urinary urgency and hesitancy as our case demonstrated. Further studies are needed to help clarify both the anatomy of the pelvis as well as if pudendal blocks are effective in treating more than pelvic pain.
Case of resolution of plaque psoriasis following treatment with rifampicin for latent tuberculosis: A case report
Authors: Anastasiya Muntyanu, Sylvia A Martinez-Cabriales, Jensen Yeung
Journal: SAGE Open Med Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: psoriasis, biologics, infection, rifampicin, tuberculosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Psoriasis is a common cutaneous disease, and often these patients require treatment with biologics. Screening for latent tuberculosis is an important step in the pre-biologic work-up. A 58-year-old woman with moderate-to-severe psoriasis was found to be positive for latent tuberculosis during pre-biologic screening. She received rifampicin for 6 months and had complete resolution of her psoriasis, with persistent remission at 1-year follow-up. Improvement could be attributed to the immunomodulatory effects of rifampicin. Another theory proposes the existence of a tuberculosis-related type of psoriasis that improves when tuberculosis is adequately treated.
Successful treatment with HLA-matched peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for very severe hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia complicated with multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections: A case report
Authors: Hua Li, Xiaofan Li, Xianling Chen, Nainong Li
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia, multidrug-resistant bacteria, severe infection, very severe anemia plastic
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is a life-threatening hematologic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the first-line treatment for HAAA. Severe infection and complications in patients with very severe aplastic anemia are the challenges to the efficacy of HSCT. We report a rare case of successful transplantation with HLA-matched peripheral hematopoietic stem cells for a 15-year-old girl suffering from HAAA with multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections. Through effectively controlling infection and optimal timing of transplantation by adjusting the conditioning regimen, the allo-HSCT was successfully performed for the patient. Updated data of following-up 26 months after transplantation showed that the patient was still in complete remission with a good quality of life. This case provided a reference for treating severely infected patients with HAAA before HSCT.
Gastric leishmaniasis in the setting of HIV/AIDS infection at Community Hospital in Southeastern United States
Authors: Dontre' M Douse, Randi S Goldstein, David J Montgomery, Michael Sinnott
Journal: Access Microbiol (2019)
Keywords: hiv/leishmania co-infection, leishmania, gastric leishmaniasis, leishmaniasis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by the Leishmania donovani complex, is responsible for over 20 000 deaths per year. This disease often affects the immunocompromised with an increased prevalence in those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The immunocompromised are not only more susceptible to infection, but disseminated disease including gastric leishmaniasis. This is a case of gastric leishmaniasis occurring in a non-endemic region in a patient with comorbid HIV.
Case presentation:
The patient is a 39 year old originally from Central America currently living in Southeast Georgia. His history is significant for HIV, alcohol abuse, tobacco dependency and bone marrow biopsy-proven leishmaniasis. He denied any recent travel. At initial presentation, he had abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, chills and dysphagia along with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Treatment with amphotericin B was initiated for his leishmaniasis as well as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The patient was discharged home on a 3 month course of amphotericin B with continued HAART therapy. Following resolution of his acute symptoms, six months later, the patient developed acute abdominal pain with nausea prompting presentation to the emergency department. Leishmaniasis was found again following bone marrow biopsy and the patient restarted amphotericin B and HAART. Several years later the patient presented again with similar symptoms, this time with accompanying rectal bleeding. The patient received an esophagogastroduodenoscopy and on gastric mucosal biopsy was found to have gastric leishmaniasis.
Conclusion:
This manuscript highlights the key features of this case, including recognizing leishmaniasis clinically, proving diagnosis through definitive testing and understanding the connection between leishmaniasis and HIV.
Surgical management of groove pancreatitis: a case report
Authors: Imen Ben Ismail, Hakim Zenaidi, Abdelwahed Yahmadi, Saber Rebii, Ayoub Zoghlami
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2020)
Keywords: chronic pancreatitis, pancreas disease, pancreatico-duodenectomy, surgical management
MeSH terms: Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects, Pancreaticoduodenectomy / methods, Pancreatitis, Chronic / surgery, Case Reports, Adult, Endosonography, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pancreatitis, Chronic / diagnostic imaging, Pancreatitis, Chronic / physiopathology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Groove pancreatitis (GP) is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis involving the groove area bound by the pancreatic head, the duodenum, and the common bile duct. The diagnosis of this entity is challenging since it can mimic pancreatic carcinoma. We herein report the case of groove pancreatitis diagnosed in a 37 year old men, with a past history of chronic alcohol consumption. The patient was admitted for several times over the past three years because of recurrent alcohol-induced pancreatitis. The diagnosis of groove pancreatitis was made on the basis of CT, MRI and EUS findings. A medical treatment was initially attempted. In the absence of improvement in clinical symptoms, a pancreatico-duodenectomy was performed with satisfying results at 24 months follow up. Pancreatico-duodenectomy is the treatment of choice in groove pancreatitis since it leads to total resolution of clinical symptoms.
Using the DiCoT framework for integrated multimodal analysis in mixed-reality training environments
Authors: Caleb Vatral, Gautam Biswas, Clayton Cohn, Eduardo Davalos, Naveeduddin Mohammed
Journal: Front Artif Intell (2022)
Keywords: dicot, distributed cognition, human performance, learning analytics (la), mixed reality (mr), multimodal data, multimodal learning analytics (mmla), simulation based training (sbt)

Simulation-based training (SBT) programs are commonly employed by organizations to train individuals and teams for effective workplace cognitive and psychomotor skills in a broad range of applications. Distributed cognition has become a popular cognitive framework for the design and evaluation of these SBT environments, with structured methodologies such as Distributed Cognition for Teamwork (DiCoT) used for analysis. However, the analysis and evaluations generated by such distributed cognition frameworks require extensive domain-knowledge and manual coding and interpretation, and the analysis is primarily qualitative. In this work, we propose and develop the application of multimodal learning analysis techniques to SBT scenarios. Using these analysis methods, we can use the rich multimodal data collected in SBT environments to generate more automated interpretations of trainee performance that supplement and extend traditional DiCoT analysis. To demonstrate the use of these methods, we present a case study of nurses training in a mixed-reality manikin-based (MRMB) training environment. We show how the combined analysis of the video, speech, and eye-tracking data collected as the nurses train in the MRMB environment supports and enhances traditional qualitative DiCoT analysis. By applying such quantitative data-driven analysis methods, we can better analyze trainee activities online in SBT and MRMB environments. With continued development, these analysis methods could be used to provide targeted feedback to learners, a detailed review of training performance to the instructors, and data-driven evidence for improving the environment to simulation designers.
Fluctuation in the Assimilation of Problematic Experiences: A Case Study of Dynamic Systems Analysis
Authors: Isabel Basto, William B Stiles, Tiago Bento, Patrícia Pinheiro, Inês Mendes, Daniel Rijo, João Salgado
Journal: Front Psychol (2018)
Keywords: assimilation model, depression, dynamic factor model, dynamic systems theory, fluctuation, instability, psychotherapeutic change process

Dynamic systems theory suggests that instability can be a key element in the promotion of human change processes. Several studies have confirmed an association between unstable patterns and successful psychotherapeutic outcome. Somewhat similarly, the assimilation model of psychotherapeutic change argues that clinical change occurs through the integration of problematic experiences that initially threaten the stability of the self. This study examined how instability in assimilation levels was related to assimilation progress and change in symptom intensity, within and across sessions, in a good-outcome case of Emotion Focused Therapy. We used the assimilation of problematic experiences scales (APES) to measure assimilation and the outcome-questionnaire (OQ-10) to measure clinical symptom intensity. To assess assimilation instability, we used a fluctuation measure that calculated the amplitude and the frequency of changes in assimilation levels. To analyze the structural relationships between variables we used a dynamic factor model. The results showed that APES level and APES fluctuation tended to increase across treatment, while OQ-10 scores tended to decrease. However, contrary to expectations, the dynamic factor model showed no significant associations between APES fluctuation and OQ-10 scores either within sessions or between adjacent sessions.
Late Periprosthetic Joint Infection due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis Identified by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Florian Szabados, Agnes Anders, Martin Kaase, Lennart Marlinghaus, Sören G Gatermann, Wolfram Teske, Thomas Lichtinger
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Staphylococcus lugdunensis, member to the group of coagulase-negative staphylococci, is previously thought to be rarely isolated. Recently other staphylococci have been described, which were supposedly related to S. lugdunensis, such as Staphylococcus pseudolugdunensis and Staphylococcus pettenkoferi. To decrease the rate misidentifications, an accurate identification method, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry or molecular methods, should be used. S. lugdunensis is usually associated with severe infections similar to those caused by S. aureus. Moreover, it has been described that skin infections due to S. lugdunensis are severely underreported and could be also underreported in periprosthetic joint infections. Ours is the first case of a late periprosthetic infection of the hip due to S. lugdunensis, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A periprosthetic infection due to S. lugdunensis should be treated according to protocols of S. aureus periprosthetic infections, and therefore an accurate species identification is desirable.
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH): case report with review of literature between 1991 and 2014 with in depth analysis of various treatment regimens and outcomes
Authors: Saad Tariq, Steven T Hugenberg, Stefanie A Hirano-Ali, Hassan Tariq
Journal: Springerplus (2016)
Keywords: arthritis, autoimmune disease, immunosuppressive medications, skin disease
MeSH terms: Review

Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis is a rare disease affecting skin and joints primarily and rarely other organs. We present a case report of this disease and an extensive review of the literature. We reviewed the data between 1991 and 2014 and extracted 52 individual cases. Only articles in English were chosen after checking for relevance. The articles were studies and data was extracted into excel spread sheets and later used to compute such variables like frequency, mean and percentage of distribution of various clinical manifestations. The treatments used in these articles were critically analyzed and graded for their relative efficacy for skin and joint manifestations. The grades were 0 = worse, 1 = no benefit/condition remained same, 2 = improvement without resolution, and 3 = resolution. This article also reports the demographic, clinical, laboratory and pathological data from the reviewed articles. Authors attempted to discuss the findings of this review in depth to help manage this condition and proposed a treatment algorithm to help clinicians approach this rare and challenging disease.
Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis: Case Series From Two Chinese Tertiary Pediatric Neurology Centers
Authors: Jianzhao Zhang, Taoyun Ji, Qian Chen, Yanan Jiang, Huan Cheng, Ping Zheng, Wenqiang Ma, Ting Lei, Yao Zhang, Yiwen Jin, Cuijie Wei, Ye Wu, Xingzhi Chang, Xinhua Bao, Yuehua Zhang, Hui Xiong, Xinna Ji, Shuo Feng, Haitao Ren, Jian Yang, Yuwu Jiang
Journal: Front Neurol (2019)
Keywords: mog, nmdar, autoimmune encephalitis, child, prognosis

Background and purpose: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of children with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in two Chinese tertiary pediatric neurology centers. We also compared anti-NMDAR encephalitis with and without co-positive MOG antibody, as well as specific autoantibody-positive AE and autoantibody-negative but probable AE. Methods: A retrospective study of children (0-18 years old) with AE in Peking University First Hospital and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics was carried out from May 2012 to January 2017. Demographics, clinical features, laboratory, and imaging findings, outcome, and co-positivity with MOG antibody were analyzed. Results: A total of 103 children had AE, 89 (86.4%) had anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 2 (1.9%) had anti-LGI1 encephalitis, 1 (0.9%) had anti-CASPR2 encephalitis, and 11 (10.7%) were diagnosed as autoantibody-negative but probable AE. Among the 89 children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 35 were males and 54 were females. The follow-up time was 1-3 years. A total of 15 cases (15/89, 16.9%) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis had co-positive MOG antibody (serum or cerebrospinal fluid or both). These patients were more likely to experience relapse later in life (P = 0.014). We had two cases with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, that is, one with sleep disorder onset, and the other one with seizure onset, both of whom recovered after treatment. One case with anti-CASPR2 encephalitis was treated with an antiepileptic drug and fully recovered. There were 11 cases diagnosed as autoantibody-negative but probable AE who had relatively poorer outcome than those with autoantibody-positive AE (15.2%, 14/89). However, the difference was not significant (P = 0.08). Only one 12-year-old girl with NMDAR-antibody AE had ovarian teratoma. Conclusion: Most subjects with AE in our Chinese cohort had anti-NMDAR AE, which had relatively good prognosis. Children with anti-LGI1 or anti-CASPR2 encephalitis were rare and showed good response on immunotherapy. Co-positive MOG antibody was relatively common in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which was related to high relapse rate. In our study, the prognosis of autoantibody-negative but probable AE seemed worse than that of specific autoantibody-positive AE.
Bilateral Ramsay Hunt syndrome in a diabetic patient
Authors: Rajan Syal, Isha Tyagi, Amit Goyal
Journal: BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord (2004)

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster oticus accounts for about 10% cases of facial palsy, which is usually unilateral and complete and full recovery occurs in only about 20% of untreated patients. Bilateral herpes zoster oticus can sometime occur in immunocompromised patients, though incidence is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: Diabetic male, 57 year old presented to us with bilateral facial palsy due to herpes zoster oticus. Patient was having bilateral mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Patient was treated with appropriate metabolic control, anti-inflammatory drugs and intravenous acyclovir. Due to uncontrolled diabetes, glucocorticoids were not used in this patient. Significant improvement in hearing status and facial nerve functions were seen in this patient. CONCLUSIONS: Herpes zoster causes severe infections in diabetic patients and can be a cause of bilateral facial palsy and bilateral Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Herpes zoster in diabetic patients should be treated with appropriate metabolic control, NSAIDS and intravenous acyclovir, which we feel should be started at the earliest. Glucocorticoids should be avoided in diabetic patients.
Case Report: First Two Identified Cases of Fabry Disease in Central Asia
Authors: Francesca Cainelli, Dias Argandykov, Dauren Kaldarbekov, Murat Mukarov, Liên Tran Thi Phuong, Dominique P Germain
Journal: Front Genet (2021)
Keywords: central asia, fabry disease, kazakhstan, family screening, genotype-phenotype correlation, parg49gly variant, pedigree
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Fabry disease (FD, OMIM #301500) is a rare, progressive, X-linked inherited, genetic disease due to the functional deficiency of lysosomal α-galactosidase (α-GAL) that leads to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids (mainly globotriaosylceramide or Gb3) and its derivative globotriaosylsphingosine or lyso-Gb3. Classic FD is a multisystem disorder which initially presents in childhood with neuropathic pain and dermatological, gastrointestinal, ocular, and cochleo-vestibular manifestations. Over time, end-organ damage such as renal failure, cardiac arrhythmia and early stroke may develop leading to reduced life expectancy in the absence of specific treatment. Case presentation: We describe two Kazakh patients who presented in adulthood with a delayed diagnosis. We conducted also a family screening through cascade genotyping. Conclusion: This is the first description of cases of Fabry disease in Central Asia. An extensive family pedigree enabled the identification of ten additional family members. Patients with rare genetic diseases often experience substantial delays in diagnosis due to their rarity and non-specific symptoms, which can negatively impact their management and delay treatment. FD may be difficult to diagnose because of the non-specificity of its early and later-onset symptoms and its X-linked inheritance. Raising awareness of clinicians is important for earlier diagnosis and optimal outcome of specific therapies.
Elbow dislocation with lateral condyle and coronoid fractures
Authors: Yousef Fallah, Behnam Baghianimoghadam, Seyed-Aref Daneshi
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2022)
Keywords: elbow dislocation, coronoid fractures, fixation, lateral condyle fracture
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Elbow dislocations are simple or complex types. We introduce a patient with the elbow dislocation, lateral condyle fracture and coronoid fracture and their surgical management. This type of fracture is rare in adults. Particular attention should pay to coronoid fracture repair during the treatment.
Low-molecular-weight heparin use in a case of noncardiogenic multifocal perinatal thromboembolic stroke
Authors: Matthew A Saxonhouse, Dan Tarquinio, Paul R Carney, Jeff Bennett, Amy Smith, Stephen P Hunger, James D Geyer
Journal: Adv Hematol (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A full-term neonate suffered multifocal cerebral infarctions due to multiple large vessel thrombi. Thrombophilia and cardiovascular assessments were negative, but due to the severity of the lesions and the concern for expansion of the thrombi or future embolic events, treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) was initiated. No complications from treatment were experienced. We present this severe case in order to highlight difficult management decisions for newborns with multifocal perinatal thromboembolic stroke and to stress the need for further practice guidelines and research in this area.