OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Successful Treatment of Sarcoptic Mange in European Camelids
Authors: Georgiana Deak, Barbara Moroni, Ana Maria Boncea, Luisa Rambozzi, Luca Rossi, Andrei Daniel Mihalca
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2021)
Keywords: sarcoptes scabiei, alpaca (vicugna pacos), avermectines, llama (lama glama), sarcoptic mange
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: Members of the Camelidae family are very adaptable mammals, originating from South America. More recently, they have become popular in Europe as pets or wool production farm animals. Their dermatological problems refer mainly to mange, of which sarcoptic mange represent the most clinically relevant form. There is a wide range of molecules effective against sarcoptic mange, but the treatment is very challenging due to the lack of efficiency and absorption. Methods: Two cases from two different animal populations were described. A female alpaca from Romania with dermatological problems on the ears and two adult llamas, from Italy, both with intense pruritus. Combined treatment with amitraz and subcutaneous eprinomectin was administered for the alpaca, and 2% moxidectin was given to the llamas. Results: In both cases, the mites were morphologically identified as Sarcoptes scabiei. For the alpaca, negative scrapings were found only after 8 weeks of combined treatment. For the llamas, after four doses of subcutaneous moxidectin, no mites were detected in scrapings and lively hair regrowth of previously alopecic areas was visible. Conclusion: This paper aimed to present two clinical scenarios of sarcoptic mange in camelids, successfully treated with a combination of ectocides (topical amitraz and subcutaneous eprinomectin) and 2% subcutaneous moxidectin, respectively.
Case Report: Short-Term Response to First-Line Crizotinib Monotherapy in a Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient Harboring a Novel TPR-ROS1 Fusion
Authors: Shuli Wei, Mangsha Hu, Yan Yang, Xiaojie Huang, Baizhou Li, Liren Ding, Pingli Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: ros1, ceritinib, crizotinib, non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc), translocated promoter region (tpr)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

ROS1-rearranged patients account for 1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. Approximately 10 fusion partners have been discovered, while clinical practice is actively generating knowledge of new ones and their therapeutic responses. Herein, we report a patient with stage IV NSCLC that harbored a novel TPR-ROS1 fusion, which demonstrated a rapid but short partial response to first line crizotinib and primary resistance to subsequent ceritinib. Computed tomography detected a pulmonary nodule in a 53-year-old woman who presented with persistent cough. Histopathologic and molecular examination of the tissue biopsy indicated a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma staining negative for PD-L1 but harbored a novel translocated promoter region (TPR)-ROS1 (T4:R35) gene fusion. Frontline crizotinib monotherapy elicited a rapid partial response after 1 month, although the disease progressed another 2 months later. After another 3 months of continued crizotinib treatment, the patient manifested newly emerged and enlarged lung and brain lesions. Genomic profiling still identified TPR-ROS1 as the only aberration, while a lymph node biopsy indicated PD-L1 immunopositivity. The patient was then treated with ceritinib and progressed within 1 month. She was started on chemotherapy with pemetrexed plus carboplatin and has achieved rapid partial response as of the latest follow-up. In summary, we provided clinical evidence of a novel TPR-ROS1 fusion and its roles as an oncogenic driver in metastatic NSCLC. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first case to report this fusion in NSCLC. This case was characterized by a rapid yet short-term response to first line crizotinib and primary resistance to subsequent ceritinib, while no known genetic resistance mechanism was identified and other mechanisms including histologic transformation were unlikely. Future research is needed to unveil the resistance mechanism and formulate effective treatment strategies.
Case report: Bilateral carotid body tumors with a concomitant skull-base paraganglioma
Authors: Zhixuan Liu, Ruimin Yue, Cuiyun Sun, Junping Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: 3-methoxytyramine, carotid body tumor, dopamine, multifocal paraganglioma, skull-base
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Bilateral carotid body tumors with a concomitant skull-base paraganglioma are extremely rare, of which only one case has been reported in the literature to date.
Case presentation:
We present the case of a 35-year-old male with 1 year of hypertension and high levels of dopamine and 3-methoxytyramine. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans demonstrated three separate masses at the left middle cranial fossa floor and bilateral carotid bifurcation. Genetic testing showed succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D mutation. The patient underwent the resection of the left skull base mass. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of a skull-base paraganglioma.
Conclusions:
Succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D mutation-associated bilateral carotid body tumors with a concomitant skull-base paraganglioma accompanied by abnormal dopamine and hypertension are extremely rare, which not only provides ideas for considering the association of gene mutations, biochemical abnormalities and clinical symptoms but also provides an expanded diagnostic spectrum for paraganglioma in atypical locations.
Continuous renal replacement therapy combined with double filtration plasmapheresis in the treatment of severe lupus complicated by serious bacterial infections in children: A case report
Authors: Lei Zhang, Feng Wei, Guo-Yun Su, Bo Lin, Wei-Guo Yang
Journal: Open Life Sci (2022)
Keywords: continuous renal replacement therapy, double filtration plasmapheresis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, sepsis, systemic lupus erythematosus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

There are few reports available on the combination therapy of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by severe bacterial infections, especially in children. A 14-year-old female child with recurrent SLE complicated by severe sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was administered CRRT combined with DFPP for blood purification in addition to routine immunosuppressant therapy. The changes in autoantibodies, cytokines, and coagulation function indexes of the patient before and after treatment were compared to explore the effect of such therapy on progression and prognosis. After DFPP therapy, significant decreases in the levels of double-stranded DNA antibody, cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and procalcitonin (PCT) were observed. Fibrinogen (Fib) decreased and needed to be replenished following DFPP. After CRRT combined with DFPP, the patient began to urinate sparingly (urine volume was < 50 mL/day) at the seventh week, the urine volume was > 400 mL/day (up to 560 mL/day) at the ninth week (63 days), and the urine volume was >1,000 mL/day at the tenth week, at which time the renal function had fully recovered. DFPP may reduce the plasma Fib concentration, which needs to be replenished in a timely manner. CRRT combined with DFPP shows efficacy in patients with SLE, but the coagulation function requires close monitoring.
A rare case of an irreducible Pipkin II fracture-dislocation of the femoral head in a young patient following low-energy trauma
Authors: Marie Fernandez, Thomas Williams, Frédéric Dubrana, Rémi Di Francia
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: case report, femoral head fracture, irreducible hip fracture-dislocation, total hip arthroplasty
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Fractures-dislocations of the femoral head are rare, and irreducible dislocations are even rarer. The functional prognosis is poor.
Presentation of case:
We report the case of a 23-year-old male brought to the emergency room following low-energy trauma. X-rays and a computed tomography scan revealed a Pipkin II fracture-dislocation of the right femoral head. We attempted reduction with the patient under general anesthesia; this failed, so we proceeded to total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Discussion:
A femoral head fracture has a poor prognosis; the principal complications are osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossifications. No surgical treatment algorithm for a femoral head fracture (for fragment excision, followed by internal fixation or THA) is available, given the rarity of the injury and the lack of sufficient cases.
Conclusions:
We describe the mechanism of low-energy injury, as well as the controversial THA treatment chosen by this young patient.
A Novel Case of Fibroids after Menopause
Authors: Jade Edwards, Hamza Katali
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fibroids are a condition commonly seen as part of routine gynaecological practice and generally present with menorrhagia, infertility, or pressure symptoms depending on their exact location. We report the case of a postmenopausal 57-year-old lady presenting with left-sided pain and frequency with a complex 15 cm mass mid pelvis and an adjacent additional 7 cm cyst but a risk of malignancy index suggesting benign pathology. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and right-sided salpingo-oophrectomy (RSO) on recommendation of the multidisciplinary team (MDT) and histology confirmed leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata. This rare but important condition is often confused with peritoneal carcinomatosis on imaging. The mainstay of treatment involves lesion and omental excision followed by removal of hormonal stimuli although this approach must be personalised as many younger women may wish to retain their uteri. Long-term follow-up is essential due to the potential for malignant transformation.
Left Ventricular Noncompaction: A Rare Case of Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Julia Tian, Asif Uddin, Philippe Akhrass
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Isolated left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare form of cardiomyopathy that is characterized by deep intertrabecular recesses and abnormal trabeculations that can be observed on transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) or cardiac MRI (CMR) studies. Our case describes a 41-year-old male who presented with exertional chest pain and was discovered to have significantly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) which was nonischemic in etiology as confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Subsequent evaluation with CMR imaging revealed noncompaction of the left ventricle. The patient received defibrillation and lifelong anticoagulation given his elevated risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). This case highlights the importance of considering unconventional etiologies of cardiomyopathy when investigating new-onset heart failure as well as the necessity of life-saving measures such as anticoagulation and defibrillator implantation in view of arrhythmogenic structural heart diseases.
Successful Resolution of a Large Left Atrial and Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus with Rivaroxaban
Authors: Safwan Gaznabi, Ashraf Abugroun, Hasan Mahbub, Enrique Campos
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 79-year-old male was admitted to the hospital for acute exacerbation of heart failure. The patient had history of atrial fibrillation and was planned for cardioversion. Preprocedure transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) revealed a large multilobulated mobile thrombus in the left atrial appendage. The patient refused warfarin therapy and instead chose to take rivaroxaban. Upon outpatient follow-up, 3 months later, no visible thrombus was appreciated on repeat TEE. This case demonstrates successful resolution of left atrial and left atrial appendage thrombi with the use of rivaroxaban. At present time, limited data is available to support the use of rivaroxaban for treatment of intracardiac thrombi. This case highlights the need for further studies to investigate the outcomes and relative efficiency of use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in lysis of intracardiac thrombus. The benefits of DOACs compared to the standard of therapy could increase patient compliance, reduce length of stay, and improve treatment efficacy.
Enabling Precision Medicine for Rare Head and Neck Tumors: The Example of BRAF/MEK Targeting in Patients With Metastatic Ameloblastoma
Authors: Maxime Brunet, Emmanuel Khalifa, Antoine Italiano
Journal: Front Oncol (2019)
Keywords: braf, ameloblastoma, precision oncology, rare tumor, targeted therapeutic drugs
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Ameloblastoma is a rare head and neck tumor characterized by a high incidence of BRAF mutation providing a rationale for the use of BRAF inhibitors in patients with advanced disease. Methods: We report the case of a 26-year old female presenting with metastatic ameloblastoma. A molecular screening of the tumor revealed a BRAF V600E mutation. Results: The patient started treatment with dabrafenib and trametinib and experienced complete response which is still ongoing 30 weeks after treatment onset. Conclusions: The complete response observed here illustrate the role of molecular profiling in complicate clinical situation of rare head and neck cancer and the potential benefit of BRAF-targeted therapy in ameloblastoma carrying BRAF V600E mutation.
Idiopathic Mast Cell Activation Syndrome With Associated Salicylate Intolerance
Authors: Tobias Rechenauer, Martin Raithel, Thomas Götze, Gregor Siebenlist, Aline Rückel, Hanns-Wolf Baenkler, Arndt Hartmann, Florian Haller, André Hoerning
Journal: Front Pediatr (2018)
Keywords: abdominal pain, endoscopically guided lavage, idiopathic mast cell activation syndrome, mast cell activation, mastocytosis, salicylate intolerance
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Idiopathic mast cell activation syndrome can be a rare cause for chronic abdominal pain in children. It remains a diagnosis by exclusion that can be particularly challenging due to the vast variety of possible clinical manifestations. We present a 13-year-old boy who suffered from a multitude of unspecific complaints over a long period of time. In this case, an assessment of mast cell-derived metabolites and immunohistochemical analysis of bioptic specimen was worthwhile. After ruling out, primary (oncologic) and secondary causes for mast cell activation, pharmacologic treatment adapted to the patient's salicylate intolerance resulted in a major relief of symptoms.
Post-extubation Stridor in a Case of Intracranial Bleed: Assessing Airway Patency Prior to Extubation Using Cuff Leak Test
Authors: Pradnya Diggikar, Simranbir Bhullar, Prashant Gopal
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: corticosteroids, endotracheal intubation, intracranial bleed, laryngeal edema, stridor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Laryngeal edema is a common complication of endotracheal intubation. It may range from mild and asymptomatic to respiratory distress and severe stridor leading to subsequent reintubation. It is crucial to assess the patency of the airway before extubation to identify patients with a risk of developing laryngeal edema. To prevent post-extubation laryngeal edema (PLE), intravenous corticosteroids or nebulized corticosteroids appear to be reasonably effective, reducing the need for reintubation by more than half. We present a case of a 59-year-old male who presented with an intracranial bleed and aspiration pneumonia. The patient developed PLE and was reintubated due to respiratory distress and treated with intravenous and nebulized corticosteroids. The patient was extubated two days later after adequate cuff leak test (CLT) results. If PLE causes respiratory distress, reintubation is the only definitive treatment and should not be delayed.
Exceptional Response to Systemic Therapy in Advanced Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Bradley Colton, Marion Hartley, Maria A Manning, John E Carroll, Joanne Xiu, Brandon G Smaglo, Sameh Mikhail, Mohamed E Salem
Journal: Cureus (2016)
Keywords: cancer biomarkers, cancer treatment, ercc1, esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, gastric cancer, her2, molecular profiling, thymidylate synthase, topoisomerase 1
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas represent one of the top five most common types of cancer worldwide. Despite significant advancement, it is still not known which first-line chemotherapy option is best matched to an individual patient. The vast advances in molecular biology have led to the discovery of many potential predictive biomarkers, such as HER-2 neu, thymidylate synthase (TS), excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1), and topoisomerase-1 (TOPO1). These markers could allow us to select treatment based on an individual's tumor profile, resulting in an improvement of outcome. Our report highlights two patients with metastatic gastric cancer that achieved an exceptional response with traditional therapy and provides insights into the future perspectives of molecular profile-directed chemotherapy.
Primary Dural Lymphoma: Clinical Cases and Literature Review
Authors: M Dobran, R Paracino, F Mancini, D Nasi
Journal: Case Rep Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary dural lymphoma (PDL) is an extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that accounts for less than 1% of all central nervous system lymphomas. Primary dural lymphoma grows from the dura mater, and it is often diagnosed as meningioma or acute subdural hematoma due to its radiological characteristics. Surgery is the gold standard of therapy; in many patients, PDL is relatively benign with good outcome. Authors report their experience in three patients affected by extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PDL) mimicking a meningioma.
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation involving the gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas: a case report
Authors: Jinchang Zhang, Haomin Lin, Xujia Li, Piao Wang, Xiaoli Yang, Bo Li, Qinxi Guo, Song Su
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: xgi, xgp, xanthogranulomatous cholangitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous pancreatitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation (XGI) is a rare, benign condition that can affect several organs, including the gallbladder, kidney, skin, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, and soft tissues. It is often misdiagnosed as a malignancy. In this report, we present the case of a 79-year-old male who presented with persistent jaundice for 11 months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed pancreatic head enlargement, gallbladder thickening, and common bile duct thickening, leading to a preoperative diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the pancreatic head. During surgery, dense adhesions were found around the portal vein, suggestive of mass invasion. To relieve obstruction, choledochojejunostomy was performed. Postoperative pathological examination revealed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGCc), xanthogranulomatous cholangitis (XGCg), and xanthogranulomatous pancreatitis (XGP). XGI affecting the bile ducts and pancreas is extremely rare, and there are no reported cases of simultaneous involvement of the gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas by XGI. This study provides valuable insight into the differential diagnosis of XGI by presenting the imaging features of XGI patients.
Large pedunculated colonic lipoma: a rare cause of colorectal intussusception in adults
Authors: Hakim Zenaidi, Imen Ben Ismail, Fatma Rekik, Mouelhi Aziz, Saber Rebii, Ayoub Zoghlami
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2020)
Keywords: lipoma, bowel obstruction, colorectal resection, intussusception
MeSH terms: Colonic Neoplasms / diagnosis, Intussusception / etiology, Lipoma / diagnosis, Rectal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Case Reports, Colonic Neoplasms / complications, Humans, Intussusception / diagnosis, Intussusception / surgery, Laparotomy, Lipoma / complications, Male, Middle Aged, Rectal Neoplasms / complications, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Colo-rectal intussusception is rare in adults and is often secondary to malignant lesions, rarely benign lesions such as colonic lipomas can also be the cause. We present the case a 60-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. On physical examination, the abdomen was distended with diffuse tenderness. CT scan of the abdomen revealed a colo-rectal intussusception secondary to a rectal lipoma with parietal pneumatosis of the invaginated loop. An emergency laparotomy was performed. Intraoperatively the radiological findings were confirmed. A rectosigmoid resection (Hartmann's procedure) taking off the lipoma and the invaginated segment of the colon was performed and the patient had an unevent full recovery. Histopathology confirmed a 6cm sub-mucosal lipoma without evidence of malignancy. As the diagnosis of a benign disease in patients presenting with colonic intussusception can only be made on pathological examination, this entity should be managed as a malignant lesion due to the high incidence of malignancy.
A Co-Occurrence of Serologically Proven Myasthenia Gravis and Pharyngeal-Cervical-Brachial Variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: Stacey Ho, Antonio Liu
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report on a co-occurrence case of ocular myasthenia gravis with exacerbation leading to myasthenic crisis in addition to pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with severe oropharyngeal dysphagia and acute respiratory failure.