OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Hepatocellular Neoplasm of Uncertain Potential of Malignancy or Well-Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Arising within Hepatocellular Adenoma
Authors: Elisabete Campos, Roberto Silva, Sara Rodrigues, Marinho de Almeida, Joanne Lopes, Marisa Aral, Humberto Cristino, Luís Graça, Elisabete Barbosa
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is an uncommon solid, solitary, benign liver lesion that develops in an otherwise normal-appearing liver. Hemorrhage and malignant transformation are the most important complications. Risk factors for malignant transformation include advanced age, male gender, use of anabolic steroids, metabolic syndrome, larger lesions, and beta-catenin activation subtype. The identification of higher risk adenomas enables the selection of patients most suitable for aggressive treatment and those who benefit with surveillance, minimizing the risks for these predominantly young patients. Case Presentation. We present the case of a 29-year-old woman with a history of oral contraceptive intake for 13 years, which was sent to evaluation in our Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatic and Splenic Unit because of a large nodular lesion in segment 5 of the liver, compatible with HCA, and was proposed to surgical resection. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation revealed an area with atypical characteristics, suggesting malignant transformation.
Conclusions:
HCAs share similar imaging characteristics and histopathological features with hepatocellular carcinomas; therefore, immunohistochemical and genetic studies assumes great importance to discriminate adenomas with malignant transformation. Beta-catenin, glutamine synthetase, glypican-3, and heat-shock protein 70 are promising markers to identify higher risk adenomas.
From bingeing to cutting: the substitution of a mal-adaptive coping strategy after bariatric surgery
Authors: Louise Tækker, Bodil Just Christensen, Susanne Lunn
Journal: J Eat Disord (2018)
Keywords: bariatric surgery, binge eating, coping, eating disorder, emotion regulation, self-harm
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
An increase in self-harm emergencies after bariatric surgery have been documented, but understanding of the phenomenon is missing.
Case presentation:
The following case report describes a 26-year-old woman with obesity, who initiated self-harm behaviour after bariatric surgery. The patient reported that the self-harm was a substitute for binge eating, which was anatomically impeded after bariatric surgery.Pre-surgical psychosocial assessment revealed Anorexia Nervosa in youth, which had later migrated to Binge Eating Disorder. At the time of surgery, the patient was not fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for Binge Eating Disorder because of a low frequency of binges. The remaining binges occurred when experiencing negative affect.
Conclusions:
Previous eating disorder pathology is an important consideration in pre-surgical assessments. For patients with affect-driven pre-surgical Binge Eating Disorder, therapeutic intervention before and after bariatric surgery could be indicated in order to secure the development of adaptive coping strategies. Furthermore, body weight as the only outcome measure for the success of surgery seems insufficient.
Osteotomy and autograft lengthening for intra-articular malunion of the proximal ulna: a case report
Authors: Job N Doornberg, René K Marti
Journal: Case Rep Med (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An osteotomy with interposition of iliac crest bone graft and lengthening of the proximal ulna can be used to restore ulnohumeral congruency after a malunited comminuted olecranon fracture treated with figure-of-eight tension band wiring.
Asymptomatic Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: Hemodynamic Adaptation and Successful Ablation
Authors: John J Lee, Denis Weinberg, Rishi Anand
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a well-established possible complication following an atrial fibrillation ablation of pulmonary veins. Symptoms of pulmonary vein stenosis range from asymptomatic to severe exertional dyspnea. The number of asymptomatic patients with pulmonary vein stenosis is greater than originally estimated; moreover, only about 22% of severe pulmonary vein stenosis requires intervention. We present a patient with severe postatrial fibrillation (AF) ablation pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis, which was seen on multiple imaging modalities including cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiogram, lung perfusion scan, and pulmonary angiogram. This patient did not have any pulmonary symptoms. Hemodynamic changes within a stenosed pulmonary vein might not reflect the clinical severity of the obstruction if redistribution of pulmonary artery flow occurs. Our patient had an abnormal lung perfusion and ventilation (V/Q) scan, suggesting pulmonary artery blood flow redistribution. The patient ultimately underwent safe repeat atrial fibrillation ablation with successful elimination of arrhythmia.
Minocycline-associated pseudotumor cerebri with severe papilledema
Authors: Simon R Bababeygy, Michael X Repka, Prem S Subramanian
Journal: J Ophthalmol (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Pseudotumor cerebri is an acknowledged but unusual complication of oral minocycline use. Vision loss and papilledema have been described as mild and transient, and some authors suggest that treatment is not needed. Methods. Case series of 2 patients with severe papilledema and visual field loss. Results. Severe pseudotumor cerebri developed in 2 nonobese patients taking minocycline. Their disease required further treatment even upon drug discontinuation because of visual field loss and papilledema. Conclusions. Minocycline-associated pseudotumor cerebri is not always a self-limited condition and may require aggressive medical or surgical management.
Cardiac Calcified Amorphous Tumor of the Mitral Valve Presenting as Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Mohammad Abbasi Teshnizi, Atefeh Ghorbanzadeh, Nahid Zirak, Babak Manafi, Aliasghar Moeinipour
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cardiac calcified amorphous tumors (CATs) are an extremely rare nonneoplastic intracardiac masses. They have been reported in the literature in only a few cases. Thus, the incidence, pathogenesis, and best approach to the treatment are not certain. We report a case of CATs on the atrial surface of the anterior mitral valve leaflet in a 37-year-old female who was diagnosed by histopathological examination after surgical removal.
Pemphigus Vulgaris Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Patient not Taking Penicillamine
Authors: Narges Gholizadeh, Ali Taghavi Zenouz, Hossein Eslami
Journal: J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects (2012)
Keywords: d-penicillamine, pemphigus vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

D-penicillamine is one of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Drug-induced pemphigus is not fre-quently associated with D-penicillamine, and to date, the number of reported cases is about a hundred. Most reports of D-penicillamine-induced pemphigus vulgaris are in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It has rarely been reported in patients not taking D-penicillamine. We report a case of pemphigus vulgaris in a 48-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthri-tis, not taking penicillamine.
Peripheral giant cell granuloma associated with a dental implant: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Amy Louise Brown, Paulo Camargo de Moraes, Marcelo Sperandio, Andresa Borges Soares, Vera Cavalcanti Araújo, Fabrício Passador-Santos
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2015)

The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a nonneoplastic lesion commonly caused by local irritation. This report describes a 46-year-old Caucasian male who presented with a PGCG associated with a dental implant. The dental implant was originally placed in August 2012. Ten months later, the patient presented with a well-circumscribed lesion associated with and covering the implant, at which time the lesion was excised. Four months later, due to recurrence of the lesion, a deeper and wider excisional biopsy with curettage of the adjacent bone was performed. No evidence of recurrence has been reported after 12 months of follow-up. Immunohistochemistry, using the antibody CD68, was performed to investigate the origin of the multinucleated giant cells, with their immunophenotype being similar to those of other giant cell lesions, including central giant cell granuloma, foreign-body reactions, and granulomatous reactions to infectious agents.
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy: A report of two cases
Authors: Shady A Moussa, Mohamed ElSayed, Soad Mansour, Fahmy A Mobarak
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: benign lesions, maxillofacial pathology, melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy, surgical excision

Introduction:
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy (MNTI) is a benign tumour of infancy, most commonly affecting the head and neck region. First described in 1918, less than 500 cases have been reported in the literature. MNTI is aggressive in nature & has a high rate of recurrence.
Presentation of cases:
In this retrospective case series, we report two cases of MNTI that presented at our unit; both cases were managed by wide excision and have been followed up uneventfully for over two years.
Discussion:
MNTI has a recurrence rate of up to 20%. Patient's age can play a significant role in recurrence rate. Although this neural crest tumour is somewhat rare in the literature, there is a consensus with regards to surgical management; the gold standard remains to be wide excision with safety margin. Select cases may benefit from adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy.
Conclusion:
Owing to its locally aggressive nature and high recurrence rate, prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention is advised in cases of MNTI. Further understanding of this tumour is needed on a microscopic level in order to determine clear prognostic factors.
Dual pathogen valvular endocarditis in a case of severe aortic aneurysm
Authors: Meghna Yadav, Rohit Tewari, Tathagata Chatterjee
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2022)
Keywords: acinetobacter baumannii, aneurysm, aspergillus, endocarditis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Infective endocarditis (IE) is the heart valve or endocardium infection. We report a rare case of polymicrobial endocarditis, namely invasive Aspergillus spp and Acinetobacter baumannii, in a 36-year-old male with a medical history of degenerative disease of the aorta with abdominal aortic and ascending aortic aneurysms with a fulminant clinical course and fatal outcome. The treatment was challenging due to multiple comorbidities. The autopsy revealed dual pathogen endocarditis due to Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis and invasive Aspergillus spp mycosis. This report emphasizes that polymicrobial endocarditis (PE) is an infrequent finding with a poor prognosis requiring high clinical suspicion.
Intracardiac thrombus in Behçet's disease: two case reports
Authors: Sonia Hammami, Silvia Mahjoub, Khaldoun Ben-Hamda, Radhia Brahem, Habib Gamra, Mohamed Ben Farhat
Journal: Thromb J (2005)

Intracardiac thrombus in Behçet's disease is an extremely rare manifestation. We report two such cases. A 20-year-old man presented with dyspnoea, cough and haemoptysis. Right heart thrombus associated with pulmonary artery aneurysm and thromboembolism was identified by helical CT and transoesophageal echocardiography. The second case was a 29-year-old male admitted for fever and chest pain. A diagnosis of right atrial thrombosis associated with pulmonary embolism and hyperhomocysteinemia was made. Due to the absence of haemodynamic compromise, medical management consisting of immunosupressive and anticoagulation therapy was adopted which resulted in complete dissolution of the thrombus with dramatic clinical improvement in both cases of clinical status.
Conclusion:
intracardiac thrombus is a rare complication of Behçet's disease. As shown in our patients, medical treatment should be considered as the first line.
SMILE-like lesion in the anal canal
Authors: Aravind Sekar, Surinder Singh Rana, Anand Bardia
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2021)
Keywords: adenocarcinoma, anal canal, carcinoma in situ, polyp
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Stratified mucin-producing intraepithelial lesion (SMILE) is an intraepithelial lesion with overlapping features of the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS). Currently, it is well described in the cervix. We present a case showing similar SMILE-like lesions in the polypectomy specimen from the anal canal along with invasive adenocarcinoma components. This lesion showed an immuno-profile characteristic of a SMILE lesion described in the cervix, such as p63 negativity, high ki67 index, and nuclear positivity for p16. It might be arising from the Human papillomavirus prone transitional region of the anal canal as described in the cervix. However, we could not assure this association and etiological link due to insufficient material in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded block. Notwithstanding, we strongly suggest that the HPV is the main driver for this SMILE-like lesion similar to what is described in the cervix. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a SMILE lesion in the anal canal. Further studies will be required to elucidate the underlying pathogenetic mechanism of SMILE-like lesions described in the anal canal.
A Rare Case Report of Fatal Fulminant Hepatic Failure in a Child due to Mixed vivax and falciparum Infection
Authors: Neha Thakur, Ravitanaya Sodani, J Chandra, Deonath Mahto
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malaria remains an overwhelming problem in the tropical developing countries, with 300 to 500 million new cases and about a million deaths per year (Mishra et al., 2003). Malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease in the tropics. Jaundice is one of the severe manifestations of falciparum malaria. Its incidence (Mishra et al., 2003). varies between 10 and 45% in different reports and is seen more in adults than in children. Jaundice may vary from mild to very severe. However, clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy (such as liver flaps) are never seen unless there is presence of concomitant viral hepatitis (WHO, 2000). Our case is a 6-year-old female child presented with fever, jaundice, and anasarca. Peripheral smear showed trophozoites and schizonts of Plasmodium (P.) vivax and trophozoites and gametocytes of P. falciparum. Viral markers for hepatitis were negative. She developed fulminant hepatic failure and expired after 26 hours of admission.
A Case Report of Nongerminal Center B-Cell Type Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated to Complete Response with Rituximab and Ibrutinib
Authors: Geoffrey Shouse, Miemie Thinn
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease consisting of different subtypes with varying clinical behaviors. For example, the activated B-cell-like (ABC) type of DLBCL has lower cure rates with traditional chemotherapy regimens. The molecular pathway promoting tumorigenic growth of the ABC type includes a dependence on intracellular signaling by Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK). This specific pathway has led to the investigation of the utility of ibrutinib in treatment of this type of lymphoma at relapse or in combination with standard chemotherapy. In elderly patients stricken with this disease, standard combination chemotherapy can pose significant toxicity. Some reduced intensity regimens have activity but significantly less favorable long-term outcomes and still pose significant toxicity to elderly patients. In the following case, we demonstrate induction of complete response in an elderly patient with significant comorbidities with nongerminal center B-cell type (NGCB) DLBCL treated with rituximab, ibrutinib, and prednisone. Toxicity included atrial fibrillation that ultimately led to heart failure as well as sepsis which ultimately led to the patient's demise. Despite this fact, the response to treatment appeared durable. This case illustrates the utility and limitations of molecularly targeted therapies to treat aggressive lymphoma in frail elderly patients.
Primary Malignant Neuroendocrine Tumour of Pleura: First Case Report
Authors: Anirban Das, Abhishek Pratap
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2016)

Metastatic tumours of pleura are the most common malignant tumours causing malignant pleural effusion. Lungs are the most common primary sites. Primary pleural tumours are rarely seen and diffuse malignant mesothelioma is the most common malignant tumour of pleura. Primary malignant neuroendocrine tumour of pleura is not reported in the literature. Here, we report a rare case of primary malignant neuroendocrine tumour of pleura in a fifty-two-year-old, nonsmoker female who presented with right-sided pleural effusion and ipsilateral, dull aching chest pain. Clinical presentations of inflammatory lesions like tuberculous pleuritis and benign and malignant neoplasms of pleura are indistinguishable; hence, fluid cytology, pleural biopsy, and immunohistochemistry are necessary for exact tissue diagnosis of the tumours, which is mandatory for correct treatment and prognostic assessment.
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in HIV-Infected Children: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Peninnah Oberdorfer, Charles H Washington, Kamornwan Katanyuwong, Podjanee Jittamala
Journal: Int J Pediatr (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of a perinatally HIV-infected patient aged 9 years, who presented with right-sided hemiplegia. His initial CD4 T-cell was of 0.21% (4 cells/muL) and plasma HIV RNA virus of 185 976 copies/mL (log 5.27). Plasma and CSF samples were subsequently positive for JCV. Twelve days after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the MRI showed progressive white matter lesions with asymmetrical deep and subcortical white matter lesions over the left frontotemporoparietal region and the right frontal lobe. Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) was suspected, and the patient was treated with methylprednisolone. His clinical symptoms worsened and despite therapy the patient deteriorated.
Leigh syndrome in a patient with a novel C12orf65 pathogenic variant: case report and literature review
Authors: Eduardo Perrone, Thiago R Cavole, Manuella G Oliveira, Luiza do A Virmond, Marina de França B Silva, Maria de Fatima F Soares, Simone Brasil de O Iglesias, Ariane Falconi, Juliana S Silva, Viviane Nakano, Maria Fernanda Milanezi, Carmen Silvia C Mendes, Marco Antonio Curiati, Cecília Micheletti
Journal: Genet Mol Biol (2020)

Leigh syndrome is an early onset progressive disorder caused by defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Pathogenic variants in nuclear and mitochondrial genes are associated with the syndrome. Homozygous pathogenic variants in the C12orf65 gene impair the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. We describe a new case of Leigh syndrome caused by a novel pathogenic variant of the C12orf65 gene resulting in the lack of the Gly-Gly-Gln (GGQ) domain in the predicted protein, and review clinical and molecular data from previously reported patients. Our study supports that the phenotype caused by C12orf65 gene variants is heterogeneous and varies from spastic paraparesis to Leigh syndrome. Loss-of-function variants are more likely to cause the disease, and variants affecting the GGQ domain tend to be associated with more severe phenotypes, reinforcing a possible genotype-phenotype correlation.
Architecture of fibrin network inside thrombotic material obtained from the right atrium and pulmonary arteries: flow and location matter
Authors: Piotr Mazur, Robert Sobczyński, Michał Ząbczyk, Paulina Babiarczyk, Jerzy Sadowski, Anetta Undas
Journal: J Thromb Thrombolysis (2013)
MeSH terms: Embolectomy, Fibrin / ultrastructure, Pulmonary Artery / surgery, Venous Thrombosis / surgery, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Anticoagulants, Drug Resistance, Female, Heart Atria / surgery, Humans, Middle Aged, Anticoagulants, Fibrin

Pulmonary embolectomy is a treatment option in selected patients with high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE). Efficiency of thrombus degradation in PE largely depends on the architecture of its fibrin network, however little is known about its determinants. We present the case of a 56-year-old woman with high-risk PE and proximal deep-vein thrombosis, whose thrombotic material removed during embolectomy from the right atrium and pulmonary (lobar and segmental) arteries has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed that distally located thrombi are richer in densely-packed fibrin fibers and contain more white cells and less erythrocytes than the proximal ones and the atrial thrombus. Fibrin fibers alignment along the flow vector was observed in the thrombi removed from high-velocity flow pulmonary arteries, and not in the atrial thrombus. The content of denser fibrin network and platelet aggregates was increased in segmental thromboemboli. Our findings describe the relation between thrombus architecture and location, and might help to elucidate thrombus resistance to anticoagulant therapy in some PE patients.
Staged management of a large ischemic heel ulcer in a diabetes patient: a case report
Authors: Yuedong Chen, Hui Yang, Wei Wang, Yinchen Chen, Dong Jiang, Yihui Li, Liyi Li, Wengbo Yang, Aiping Wang
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: heel ulcer, ischemic, peroneal artery perforator flap, staged, vascular reconstruction
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot / complications, Diabetic Foot / surgery, Peripheral Arterial Disease / complications, Peripheral Arterial Disease / surgery, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Amputation, Surgical, Female, Heel / surgery, Humans, Ischemia / complications, Ischemia / surgery, Wound Healing

Heel ulcer is one of the severe complications of patients with diabetes mellitus, which poses a high risk for foot infection and amputation, especially in patients with peripheral arterial disease and neuropathy. Researchers have searched for new treatments for treating diabetic foot ulcers in recent years. In this case report, we demonstrated the treatment of large ischemic ulcers for the first time in a diabetic patient. The overall treatment goal of this patient was designed to improve blood supply to her diseased lower extremities and close the ulcer. This two-stage reconstruction approach resulted in an ulcer-free, stable, plantigrade foot at postoperative follow-up.
Two Cases of Rectal Xanthoma Presenting as Yellowish to Whitish Lesions during Colonoscopy
Authors: Masaya Iwamuro, Takehiro Tanaka, Daisuke Takei, Yuusaku Sugihara, Keita Harada, Sakiko Hiraoka, Yoshiro Kawahara, Hiroyuki Okada
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Two cases of rectal xanthomas are described. One case is that of a 56-year-old Japanese man in whom multiple yellowish spots measuring approximately 3 to 5 mm were observed in the rectum during colonoscopy. The other case is that of a 78-year-old Japanese man in whom colonoscopy showed a whitish plaque of 4 mm in diameter in the rectum. Biopsy examinations performed on both patients revealed the deposition of xanthoma cells within the rectal mucosa. Within the gastrointestinal tract, xanthomas most frequently arise in the stomach, whereas the colorectum is rarely affected. Despite this infrequency, the two cases indicate that xanthomas should be recalled when yellowish to whitish lesions are observed in the colorectum.