OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Ross-kabbani operation in an infant with mitral valve dysplasia
Authors: Carlo Pace Napoleone, Guido Oppido, Emanuela Angeli, Alessandro Giardini, Gaetano Gargiulo
Journal: Cardiol Res Pract (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Mitral valve replacement can be very difficult to obtain in infants because the valve annulus diameter can be smaller than the available prosthesis. Case Report. We describe the case of a 2-month-old female weighing 3.5 kg affected by mitral valve dysplasia leading to severe valve stenosis. Despite full medication, the clinical conditions were critical and surgery was undertaken. The mitral valve was unsuitable for repair and the orifice of mitral anulus was 12 mm, too small for a mechanical prosthesis. Therefore, a Ross-Kabbani operation was undertaken, replacing the mitral valve with the pulmonary autograft and reconstructing the right ventricular outflow tract with an etherograft. Results. The postoperative course was uneventful and the clinical conditions are good at 4-month follow-up. Conclusion. The Ross-Kabbani operation can be an interesting alternative to mitral valve replacement in infants when valve repair is not achievable and there is little space for an intra-annular mechanical prosthesis implant.
Bacillus cereus pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient: a case report
Authors: Yuichiro Shimoyama, Osamu Umegaki, Yukimasa Ooi, Tomoyuki Agui, Noriko Kadono, Toshiaki Minami
Journal: JA Clin Rep (2017)
Keywords: bacillus cereus, immunocompetent patient, pneumonia

Background:

Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) rarely causes lower respiratory tract infections, although most reported cases of B. cereus pneumonia are fatal despite intensive antibiotic therapy. We present a case of B. cereus pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient.
Case presentation:
An 81-year-old woman was transferred from a district general hospital to our hospital for treatment of congestive heart failure. The patient presented with a nonproductive cough, dyspnea, edema in both lower extremities, orthopnea, fever, and occult blood in the stool. A chest radiograph indicated bilateral pleural effusion and pulmonary congestion. After diuretic therapy and chest drainage, bilateral pleural effusion and pulmonary congestion improved. On day 2, she experienced severe respiratory distress. B. cereus was isolated from two blood sample cultures. On day 4, her condition had progressed to severe respiratory distress (PaO2/FiO2 ratio = 108). A chest radiograph and computed tomography indicated extensive bilateral infiltrates. She was transferred to the intensive care unit and was intubated. B. cereus was also isolated from five blood sample cultures at that time. After isolating B. cereus, we switched antibiotics to a combination of imipenem and levofloxacin, which were effective. She had no history of immunodeficiency, surgery, ill close contacts, risk factors for HIV or tuberculosis, recent central venous catheter insertion, or anthrax vaccination. She improved and was discharged from the intensive care unit after several days.
Conclusion:
This is a rare case of B. cereus pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient, who subsequently recovered. Bacillus should be considered as a potential pathogen when immunocompetent patients develop severe pneumonia.
Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 may help downregulate TNF-Alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12 (p70) in the neurogenic bladder of spinal cord injured patient with urinary tract infections: a two-case study
Authors: Kingsley C Anukam, Keith Hayes, Kelly Summers, Gregor Reid
Journal: Adv Urol (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The management of urinary tract infection (UTI) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) continues to be of concern, due to complications that can occur. An emerging concept that is a common underlying pathophysiological process is involved, wherein pathogens causing UTI have a role in inflammatory progression. We hypothesized that members of the commensal flora, such as lactobacilli, may counter this reaction through anti-inflammatory mediation. This was assessed in a pilot two-patient study in which probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri were administered to one patient and placebo to another, both along with antibiotics to treat acute UTI. Urinary TNF-alpha was significantly downregulated (P = .015) in the patient who received the probiotic and who used intermittent catheterization compared with patient on placebo and using an indwelling catheter. The extent to which this alteration resulted in improved well-being in spinal cord injured patients remains to be determined in a larger study.
Surgical treatment of scoliosis in Smith-Magenis syndrome: a case report
Authors: Athanasios I Tsirikos, Alexander Dl Baker, Claire McClean
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2010)

Introduction:
Smith-Magenis syndrome is a rare genetic condition associated with scoliosis in approximately 30% of cases. There is limited information in the literature on the treatment of scoliosis and the surgical outcome in patients with this condition. Characteristic features of the syndrome, such as the presence of congenital heart and renal disease, inherent immunodeficiency, as well as severe behavioural disorders may complicate the surgical treatment of patients.
Case presentation:
We present the case of an 11-year-old British Caucasian girl with Smith-Magenis syndrome who developed a severe, progressive thoracic and lumbar scoliosis measuring 85 degrees and 80 degrees , respectively. She had no cardiac or renal anomalies. Brace treatment was unsuccessful to prevent deterioration of the scoliosis. Both curves were rigid on supine maximum side-bending and traction radiographs. Our patient underwent a posterior spinal arthrodesis with pedicle screw/hook and rod instrumentation and autologous iliac crest graft, supplemented by allograft bone. She had an uneventful postoperative course other than the development of a small wound dehiscence which required resuturing with no signs of a wound infection. A good correction of both scoliotic curvatures to 45 degrees and 40 degrees and a balanced spine in both the coronal and sagittal planes was achieved. Follow-up to skeletal maturity (4 years post-surgery) showed no loss of deformity correction, no detected pseudarthrosis and a good clinical outcome.
Conclusion:
Patients with Smith-Magenis syndrome can develop a severe scoliosis that may require surgical treatment. Congenital cardiac and renal disease, immunodeficiency and severe behavioural problems can affect the surgical outcome following spinal arthrodesis and need to be taken into consideration. Our case demonstrates that surgical correction of the deformity can be performed safely on this group of patients, with a good outcome and an uncomplicated postoperative course.
Case Report: A Cluster of Complications During Carotid Artery Stenting Managed With Peripheral, Coronary, and Imaging Techniques
Authors: Piero Montorsi, Stefano Galli, Giovanni Teruzzi, Sarah Troiano, Luigi Caputi, Sebastiano Gili, Daniela Trabattoni
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2021)
Keywords: abrupt vessel closure, carotid artery stenosis, carotid artery stenting, imaging technique, in-stent restenosis, intracranial stenting
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe the case of a 72-year-old man with severe, asymptomatic in-stent restenosis detected 4 years after index carotid artery stenting (CAS). The patient was deemed at low risk and scheduled for re-angioplasty with a drug-coated balloon as per institution protocol. What at first seemed a simple case suddenly turned into a series of cerebral and vascular complications that were successfully managed with a mix of peripheral, coronary, and imaging techniques.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach to Complicated Recurrent Pilonidal Sinus
Authors: Vahit Onur Gul, Sebahattin Destek, Serhat Ozer, Ergin Etkin, Serkan Ahioglu, Mehmet Ince, Vedat Cimin, Deniz Sen, Yesim Erbil
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2015)

Pilonidal sinus is considered as a simple and frequently occurring disease localized at the sacrococcygeal area. However, at the intergluteal region, it can often turn into a chronic and complicated disease. In some cases, it can fistulize up to the gluteal region and appear at the secondary orifices. Minimally invasive surgical techniques are becoming widespread in recent years due to the increased experience and development of new instruments. Limited excision of the pilonidal sinus tract can be a better treatment option compared with large excisions in terms of recovery time and patient's comfort. This case study reports the single-phase surgical treatment of complicated and recurrent pilonidal sinus localized at the gluteal area, with minimal tissue loss and inflammation.
A rare case of multiple paragangliomas in the head and neck, retroperitoneum and duodenum: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shin Kawanabe, Takuyuki Katabami, Ryuichi Oshima, Nobuyuki Yanagisawa, Masakatsu Sone, Noriko Kimura
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: catecholamine-secreting tumor, duodenal paraganglioma, head and neck paraganglioma (hnpgl), hereditary paraganglioma, multiple paragangliomas, succinate dehydrogenase b mutation
MeSH terms: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / genetics, Paraganglioma / diagnostic imaging, Paraganglioma / genetics, Pheochromocytoma / genetics, Review, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Catecholamines, Genetic Testing, Humans, Male, Succinate Dehydrogenase / genetics, Succinate Dehydrogenase, Catecholamines

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare non-epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasms of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia respectively. Duodenal PGL is quite rare and there are only two previous reports. Herein, we report a case of multiple catecholamines (CAs)-producing PGLs in the middle ear, retroperitoneum, and duodenum, and review the literature of duodenal PGLs. A 40-year-old man complained right-ear hearing loss, and an intracranial tumor was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a 3-cm mass at the right transvenous foramen, which was surgically resected following preoperative embolization. The pathological diagnosis was a sympathetic PGL of the right middle ear. Six years later, family history of PGL with germline mutation of succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B, SDHB: c.268C>T (p.Arg90Ter) was clarified. The patient had elevated levels of plasma and urine CAs again. Abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed two retroperitoneal tumors measuring 30-mm at the anterior left renal vein and 13-mm at near the ligament of Treitz. The larger tumor was laparoscopically resected, but the smaller tumor was not identified by laparoscopy. After the operation, the patient remained hypertensive, and additional imaging tests suggested a tumor localized in the duodenum. The surgically resected tumor was confirmed to be a duodenal PGL. After that, the patient remained hypertension free, and urinary levels of noradrenaline and normetanephrine decreased to normal values. No recurrence or metastasis has been found at 1 year after the second operation. CAs secretion from PGLs in unexpected location, like the duodenum of our patient, may be overlooked and leads to a hypertensive crisis. In such cases, comprehensive evaluation including genetic testing, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography scanning, and measurement of CAs will be useful for detecting PGLs. Most previous reports on duodenal PGL were gangliocytic PGL which has been renamed composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor, and defined the different tumor from duodenal PGL. We reviewed and discussed duodenal PGLs in addition to multiple PGLs associated with SDHB mutation.
Pseudoaneurysm Accompanied by Crowe Type IV Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: A Case Report
Authors: Hirotake Yo, Hirotsugu Ohashi, Fumiaki Inori, Yoshiaki Okajima, Yoshio Matsui, Kosuke Shintani
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report the case of a 72-year-old woman whose pseudoaneurysm was difficult to diagnose and treat. The patient had a history of congenital dislocated hip and was undergoing anticoagulation therapy with warfarin due to the mitral valve replacement. Her chief complaint was pain and enlargement of the left buttock, and the laboratory tests revealed severe anemia. However, her elderly depression confused her chief complaint, and she was transferred to a psychiatric hospital. Two months after the onset of the symptoms, she was finally diagnosed with a pseudoaneurysm by contrast-enhanced CT and angiography. IDC coils were used for embolization. A plain CT showed hemostasis as well as a reduced hematoma at 2 months after the embolization. The possible contributing factors for the pseudoaneurysm included bleeding due to warfarin combined with an intramuscular hematoma accompanied by Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip that led to an arterial rupture by impingement between pelvis and femoral head. Since the warfarin treatment could not be halted due to the valve replacement, embolization was chosen for her treatment, and the treatment outcome was favorable.
A case report of an asymptomatic male child with multiple entero-enteric fistulae post multiple magnet ingestion
Authors: Heba Taher, Ahmed Azzam, Omneya Khowailed, Mohamed Elseoudi, Muayad Shaban, Gamal Eltagy
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: asymptomatic entero-enteric fistulae, case report, foreign body, magnet ingestion

Introduction:
Foreign body ingestion cases are very common in children. They usually present with obvious symptoms allowing proper diagnosis and management; however, magnet ingestion can be asymptomatic. This disorder is considered uncommon as well as challenging to diagnose before complications of intestinal obstruction or peritonitis occur due to entrapment of intestinal walls in the magnetic field.
Case presentation:
An asymptomatic four-year-old male child was admitted to our centre after passing two bullet-shaped magnets in stool that were noticed by his mother. The child was asymptomatic. An abdominal X-ray revealed five bullet-shaped magnets in the lower abdomen. Laboratory investigations were normal except for a mild leukocytosis. Surgery was performed with excision of seven entero-enteric fistulae and two intestinal anastomoses.
Discussion:
Between 2003 and 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 20 complicated cases of magnet ingestion in children aged 10 months to 11 years among whom 75% had bowel perforations, and 20% suffered from generalized peritonitis. Half that number of patients required emergency laparotomy. As a result, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) issued the first warning announcing the hazards of high-powered magnets used in children's toys, which had been increasing exponentially. It is clear that the diagnosis of magnet ingestion is made commonly due to complications, such as peritonitis or death. However, the patient in this case was completely asymptomatic and had no complications.
Conclusion:
A high index of suspicion regarding complications is recommended in asymptomatic cases of suspected magnet ingestion. Avoid delaying intervention once a diagnosis has been made.
Isolated terminal myelocystocele: a rare spinal dysraphism
Authors: Bilal Mirza, Nasir Mahmood, Lubna Ijaz, Tariq Khawaja, Imaran Aslam, Afzal Sheikh
Journal: APSP J Case Rep (2011)
Keywords: myelomeningocele, spinal dysraphism, terminal myelocystocele
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Terminal myelocystocele is a rare spinal dysraphism that present as lumbosacral mass. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for preoperative diagnosis. A 2.5 months old female baby presented with lumbosacral skin covered mass. There were no associated neurological deficits. MRI of the lesion suggested two cysts, one of which was continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. At operation terminal myelocystocele was found with tethering of the spinal cord. Untethering of the spinal cord and repair of the myelocystocele performed with uneventful recovery.
Agomelatine efficacy in the night eating syndrome
Authors: Walter Milano, Michele De Rosa, Luca Milano, Anna Capasso
Journal: Case Rep Med (2013)

Night eating syndrome (NES) is a nosographic entity included among the forms not otherwise specified (EDNOS) in eating disorders (ED) of the DSM IV. It is characterized by a reduced food intake during the day, evening hyperphagia, and nocturnal awakenings associated with conscious episodes of compulsive ingestion of food. Frequently, NES patients show significant psychopathology comorbidity with affective disorders. This paper describes a case report of an NES patient treated with agomelatine, an antidepressant analogue of melatonin, which acts by improving not only the mood but also by regulating sleep cycles and appetite. After three months of observation, the use of Agomelatine not only improved the mood of our NES patient (assessed in the HAM-D scores) but it was also able to reduce the night eating questionnaire, by both reducing the number of nocturnal awakenings with food intake, the time of snoring, the minutes of movement during night sleep (assessed at polysomnography), and the weight (-5.5 kg) and optimizing blood glucose and lipid profile. In our clinical case report, agomelatine was able both to reduce the NES symptoms and to significantly improve the mood of our NES patient without adverse side effects during the duration of treatment. Therefore, our case report supports the rationale for further studies on the use of Agomelatine in the NES treatment.
Case Report: Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza H1N1 in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome and a pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Lekbir Baala, Dalila Benzekri-Lefevre, Laurent Bret, Clémence Guillaume, Laura Courtellemont, Abdelkrim El Khalil, Thomas Guery, Sophie Iquel, Olivier Perche, Khalid Khadre, Thomas Brungs, Julien Decker, Thomas Francia, Julie Bois, Benoit Delamare, Jérôme Guinard, Laurence Got, Sylvain Briault, Thierry Boulain, Eric Legac
Journal: F1000Res (2020)
Keywords: co-infection, comorbidity, influenza h1n1, pulmonary sarcoidosis, sars-cov-2
MeSH terms: COVID-19 / complications, Coinfection, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human / complications, Influenza, Human / diagnosis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome / complications, Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Humans, SARS-CoV-2

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and has been a global public health concern. We report coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and 2009 H1N1 Influenza strain in a French patient with pneumonia leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The patient also had a medical history of pulmonary sarcoidosis with a restrictive ventilatory syndrome and obesity, which would be a supplementary risk to develop a poor outcomes. This case highlights the possible coinfection of two severe SARS-CoV-2 and influenza H1N1 viruses in comorbid patient, which presents a higher risk to extend the care duration. The overlapping clinical features of the two respiratory syndromes is a challenge, and awareness is required to recommend an early differential diagnosis and it's necessary to adopt the vigilant preventive measures and therapeutic strategies to prevent a deleterious impacts in patients with comorbid factors.
Hyponatremia due to excessive water intake in COVID-19 patients: case series study
Authors: Ahmad Nasrat Al-Juboori, Amira Al Hail, Zaid Ahmad Al-Juboori
Journal: Egypt J Intern Med (2022)
Keywords: covid-19, dysgeusia, excessive water intake, hyponatremia, sars-cov-2

Background:
Literatures revealed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) as the most common mechanism of hyponatremia in COVID-19. However, it is important to rule out other etiologies of hyponatremia.
Methods:
This is a case series, retrospective study. Four patients were reviewed from the Mesaieed Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar. The patients were admitted during the second wave of pandemic because of mild to moderate COVID pneumonia. The patients received medications according to the protocol; after few days of treatment, their blood laboratory results showed hyponatremia; as compared to the initial readings, hyponatremia workup excluded SIADH. History revealed that the patients were drinking large amounts of water, around 4-5 L/day, due of certain reasons: one patient had dysgeusia, and the other three patients thought that excessive drinking of water is beneficial for COVID-19 infection.
Results:
The hyponatremia level was less than 135 mmol/L, other laboratory tests excluded SIADH, and the provisional diagnosis was dilutional hyponatremia. Male/female ratio was 3/1, age from 29- to 45-year-old patients with no associated comorbidities. Fluid restriction up to 1.5 L/day showed dramatic improvement of their sodium blood level. The patients are discharged in a stable condition.
Conclusions:
In COVID-19 patients, hyponatremia not only is secondary to SIADH but can also be due to other etiologies. Hyponatremia can be induced by excessive water drinking and considered an extremely rare reported cases.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Improve Chronic Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Yoko Takatsuna, Ryoichi Ishibashi, Tomoaki Tatsumi, Masaya Koshizaka, Takayuki Baba, Shuichi Yamamoto, Koutaro Yokote
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a vision-threatening condition that develops in diabetic patients. The first-line therapy for DME is intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents; however, the high frequency of repeat injections, invasiveness of the procedure, and high cost are drawbacks for this treatment. The purpose of this report is to present our findings in 3 patients with chronic DME whose edema was resolved soon after oral doses of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were used. Case Presentation. Case 1 was a 66-year-old woman diagnosed with moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) with DME that had developed a decade earlier. The DME persisted for 4 years in the left eye. The addition of oral empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, led to a marked improvement of the DME after one month, and this improvement continued over two years. Case 2 was a 68-year-old woman who was diagnosed with preproliferative DR with bilateral DME. The addition of oral dapagliflozin led to the improvement of the DME after two months, and this improvement continued over one year. Case 3 was a 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with moderate nonproliferative DR with DME. Oral luseogliflozin was given which led to better glycemic control, and her left central retinal thickness (CRT) was markedly reduced after only two weeks. This reduction was maintained in her left eye for six months without any additional ophthalmic procedures.
Conclusions:
Although this study involved only three cases, our findings indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors might have possible efficacy for chronic DME.
Ovarian fibroma with serous cystadenoma-an unusual combination: a case report
Authors: P S Jayalakshmy, Usha Poothiode, G Krishna, P L Jayalakshmy
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2012)

Surface epithelial tumors account for more than 90% of ovarian tumors, of which serous tumors comprise 46%. Sex-cord stromal tumors constitute 8% of ovarian tumors, fibroma being the commonest, comprising 70% in this category. Combination of different types of tumors can occur in ovary with most common being Mucinous cystadenoma and Brenner tumour. We report a case of a very rare combination of ovarian tumour-Fibroma with Serous cystadenoma of the ovary. This combination is not mentioned in any standard textbooks or reference books of gynaecologic pathology. Extensive search of the English Literature showed only one reported case with this combination of ovarian tumors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case to be reported in English Literature.