OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Laryngeal lipoma: a rare cause of dysphonia
Authors: Garrouche Nada, Jerbi Saida Omezzine, Dhifallah Maher, Ben Hamida Nouha, Hamza Hssine
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2017)
Keywords: laryngeal lipoma, dysphonia, mesenchymal tumors
MeSH terms: Dysphonia / etiology, Laryngeal Neoplasms / diagnosis, Lipoma / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Humans, Laryngeal Neoplasms / complications, Laryngeal Neoplasms / pathology, Lipoma / complications, Lipoma / pathology

Lipomas are the most common mesenchymal tumors. Laryngeal lipomas represent 1% of all lipomas but unlike other locations may cause life-threatening symptoms by obstruction of the respiratory tract. In this study, the case of a 32-year old woman with laryngeal lipoma is discussed. The lesion was detected on the left aryepiglottic fold, presented as a stalked and dynamic mass of 2 centimeters diameter. The imaging aspects of laryngeal lipoma cases, clinical evaluation, and approaches to treatment will be discussed.
Successful treatment of pleural empyema and necrotizing pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection following influenza A virus infection: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chunjiao Han, Tongqiang Zhang, Yidi Zhao, Lili Dong, Xiaole Li, Jiafeng Zheng, Wei Guo, Yongsheng Xu, Chunquan Cai
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: staphylococcus aureus, bronchoscopy, influenza a virus, necrotizing pneumonia, pleural empyema
MeSH terms: Case Reports

With the rapid increase in the number of infections, children with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection secondary to Influenza A virus (IAV), appear to have a great possibility of causing severe complications and illness. Despite some cases and research findings regarding the death of children with IAV and S. aureus, coinfection included, there were few details about successful treatment of pleural empyema and necrotizing pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection following IAV. In this case report, we describe the clinical symptoms and treatment of a teenager with pleural empyema and necrotizing pneumonia related to S. aureus secondary infection who was initially infected by IAV. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and application of thoracoscopy for this potentially fatal pleural empyema caused by MRSA and IAV coinfection. We conclude that this is a significant case that contributes to raising awareness regarding rarely occurring severe respiratory infections by MRSA in a child with normal immune function after IAV. In addition, further studies are needed to explore risk factors for IAV coinfection with S. aureus.
Bilateral Iris Mammillations in Amblyopic Eyes without Oculodermal Melanocytosis or Neurofibromatosis
Authors: Megumi Yamamoto, Tatsuya Mimura, Koichi Matsumoto, Shigeki Hamano, Hisataka Nanba, Shoko Ubukata, Emiko Watanabe, Atsushi Mizota
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
Iris mammillations are related to oculodermal melanosis and iris nevi. We report a rare case of bilateral simple iris mammillations without ocular melanosis or systemic neuronal disorders.
Case report:
A healthy 10-year-old Japanese girl was found incidentally to have bilateral iris mammillations while being treated for amblyopia. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in both eyes. Ocular examination showed evenly spaced, uniform-size, iris protrusions completely covering the iris surface bilaterally. There were no other ocular or neurological abnormalities.
Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral iris mammillations in Japan. Our case emphasizes that iris mammillations can occur even without ocular melanocytosis or systemic diseases.
Perineal accessory scrotum with congenital lipoma: a rare case report
Authors: Souvik Chatterjee, Vishal Gajbhiye, Sasanka Nath, Dipak Ghosh, Sarbani Chattopadhyay, Sukanta Kumar Das
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2012)

A case of accessory scrotum in a 1-year-old boy is reported because of its rarity. A boy presented with a tumor mass attached with scrotum-like skin on its tip in the right side of perineum between the scrotum and anus. Both testes had descended into the scrotum. There was no other urological anomaly. Histological findings of the tumor indicated perineal lipoma, and the scrotum-like portion accessory scrotum. An overview of sequences during the normal development of male external genitalia has been provided and the deranged mechanism resulting in this anomaly has been reviewed with hypothesis regarding etiology of accessory scrotum.
A Diagnosis Not to Miss: A Case of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
Authors: Jenny Choy, Vikas Sethi, Jose Mosco-Guzman, Thomas Hoffman, Weston Connelly
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is a rare disease attributed to complications of pelvic inflammatory disease secondary to chlamydia or gonorrhea infections. Patients generally complain of vague abdominal pain that is often acute in onset, with or without genitourinary complaints. We present a case of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome with a young female who presents with a complaint of right upper quadrant abdominal pain for 2 months' duration. She initially had no genitourinary complaints. She underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy and cholecystectomy during which adhesions from the lateral liver to the abdominal wall were visualized. The cholecystectomy did not relieve her pain. She later complained of abnormal vaginal bleeding for 15 days one month prior to her admission, unbeknownst to the medical team on admission. A chlamydia DNA probe test was positive, and the diagnosis of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome was made.
A case report of a huge congenital granular cell epulis operated under local anesthesia
Authors: Khalid Khattala, Mohamed Rami, Aziz Elmadi, Leila Chbani, Youssef Bouabdallah
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2012)
Keywords: congenital granular cell tumor, gingival tumor, local anesthesia, newborn
MeSH terms: Anesthesia, Local / methods, Gingival Neoplasms / pathology, Granular Cell Tumor / pathology, Case Reports, Female, Gingival Neoplasms / congenital, Gingival Neoplasms / surgery, Granular Cell Tumor / congenital, Granular Cell Tumor / surgery, Humans, Infant, Newborn

Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a very rare benign soft tissue lesion of the neonate, it most frequently located on the anterior maxillary alveolar ridge. It has a female predilection. It is a tumor with no tendency to recur after excision. The exact histogenesis of this tumor remains unresolved and it may be hamartomata.
Ectopic Breast Tissue of the Vulva in a Postmenopausal Woman
Authors: Sasha Mikhael, Wesley Nilsson, Kruti Patel, Sherri Graf
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ectopic breast tissue is a rare condition caused by remnants of the mammary ridges that fail to involute during embryologic development. To date, only 39 cases have been reported in the literature worldwide. Here, we report the 40th case of a 69-year-old G3P2 postmenopausal Caucasian woman who presented with complaint of vulvar swelling. Biopsy of the mass revealed the presence of a benign mammary gland-like adenoma which was completely excised shortly thereafter. Clinical presentation of vulvar breast tissue is highly variable depending on the amount of breast tissue developed and its functionality. Diagnosis is ultimately made by tissue biopsy and histopathologic examination. Due to the scarce evidence that exists pertaining to supernumerary breast tissue located on the vulva, specific management guidelines are lacking. Since this ectopic tissue serves no function, but rather may provide a source for future malignancy, surgical excision is recommended.
Stability of Vitamin A, Iron and Zinc in Fortified Rice during Storage and Its Impact on Future National Standards and Programs--Case Study in Cambodia
Authors: Khov Kuong, Arnaud Laillou, Chantum Chea, Chhoun Chamnan, Jacques Berger, Frank T Wieringa
Journal: Nutrients (2016)
Keywords: cambodia, fortification, iron, rice, stability, vitamin a, zinc
MeSH terms: Food Storage / methods, Food, Fortified / analysis, Iron / analysis, Oryza / chemistry, Vitamin A / analysis, Zinc / analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Cambodia, Food Storage / standards, Food, Fortified / standards, Humidity / adverse effects, Iron / standards, Micronutrients / analysis, Micronutrients / standards, National Health Programs / standards, Temperature, Trace Elements / analysis, Trace Elements / standards, Vitamin A / standards, Zinc / standards, Micronutrients, Trace Elements, Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc

Fortified rice holds great potential for bringing essential micronutrients to a large part of the world population. The present study quantified the losses of three different micronutrients (vitamin A, iron, zinc) in fortified rice that were produced using three different techniques (hot extrusion, cold extrusion, and coating) and stored at two different environments (25 ± 5 °C at a humidity of 60% and 40 ± 5 °C at a humidity of 75%) for up to one year. Fortified rice premix from the different techniques was mixed with normal rice in a 1:100 ratio. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate. The study confirmed the high stability of iron and zinc during storage while the retention of vitamin A was significantly affected by storage and the type of techniques used to make rice premix. Losses for iron and zinc were typically <10% for any type of rice premix. After 12 months at mild conditions (25 °C and humidity of 60%), losses for vitamin A ranged from 20% for cold extrusion, 30% for hot extruded rice 77% for coated rice premix. At higher temperatures and humidity, losses of vitamin A were 40%-50% for extruded premix and 93% for coated premix after 6 months. We conclude that storage does lead to a major loss of vitamin A and question whether rice is a suitable food vehicle to fortify with vitamin A. For Cambodia, fortification of rice with iron and zinc could be an effective strategy to improve the micronutrient status of the population if no other food vehicles are available.
Sandwich EVAR occludes Celiac and Superior Mesenteric Artery for Infected Suprarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treatment
Authors: Supatcha Prasertcharoensuk, Narongchai Wongkonkitsin, Parichat Tunmit, Su-A-Pa Theeragul, Anucha Ahooja
Journal: Case Rep Vasc Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction. Infected aortoiliac aneurysms are rare, representing only 1% to 2% of all aortic aneurysms; we present a case of infected suprarenal aortic aneurysm with a nearly occluded celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery treated using an endovascular technique to preserve collateral in the retroperitoneal space from the inferior mesenteric artery for supplying visceral organs.
Case report: Ultrasound biomicroscopy as a guide for the selection of injection sites for dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) for peripheral granulomatous ocular toxocariasis in children
Authors: Xin Zhang, Xinzhu Hou, Yan Zhang, Jingjie Liu, Zhiyong Zhang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: ozurdex, dexamethasone implant, intravitreal injection, pediatric uveitis, peripheral granulomatous ocular toxocariasis, treatment, ultrasound biomicroscopic
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
This article aims to report a case of successful treatment of peripheral granulomatous ocular toxocariasis (OT) in an 8-year-old patient using intravitreal injection of dexamethasone (DEX) implant (Ozurdex) under ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) guidance.
Case presentation:
A previously healthy 8-year-old boy with a history of long-term close contact with dogs complained of blurring of vision in the right eye for a year. Ophthalmic examination of his right eye showed chronic uveitis. Notably, UBM examination identified granulomas and peripheral vitreous strand in the ciliary body from 3 to 8 o'clock positions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results of the intraocular fluid (IF) and serum showed increased anti-Toxocara immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, leading to a diagnosis of peripheral granulomatous OT in the right eye. Intraocular surgery was not indicated in this case. The treatment goal was to alleviate uveitis, improve visual acuity, and prevent complications. He was treated with an intravitreal injection of DEX implant, administered as a single dose every three months, total two doses, combined with albendazole, an oral anthelmintic. Under preoperative UBM guidance, two injections were performed at the 12 and 10 o'clock positions in the pars plana where there were no granulomas and peripheral vitreous strand, successfully preventing complications associated with intravitreal injection. After two injections, the patient's right eye vision improved significantly, with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increasing from 20/400 to 20/50. Vitreous opacity and retinal edema were reduced, preretinal proliferative membrane was stabilized, and no adverse events occurred.
Conclusion:
UBM can accurately determine the location and extent of peripheral granulomas in OT patients, facilitating the avoidance of granulomas during intravitreal injection and preventing complications associated with intravitreal injection. Under the close follow-up and strict adherence to indications, preoperative UBM-guided intravitreal injections of DEX implant treatment for pediatric peripheral granulomatous OT are safe and effective, providing a new therapeutic option for pediatric peripheral granulomatous OT.
Case Report: Deep brain stimulation improves tremor in FGF-14 associated spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Moritz A Loeffler, Matthis Synofzik, Idil Cebi, Philipp Klocke, Mohammad Hormozi, Thomas Gasser, Alireza Gharabaghi, Daniel Weiss
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: dbs, fgf14, sca 27, case report, frequency, spinocerebellar ataxia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objectives:
Spinocerebellar ataxia 27 (SCA 27) is a rare heredodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) and characterized by early-onset tremor and progressive ataxia later during the disease course. We investigated the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventralis intermedius nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) and subthalamic projections on tremor and ataxia.
Methods:
At baseline, we studied the effects of high-frequency VIM stimulation and low-frequency stimulation of subthalamic projections on tremor and ataxia. The patient then adopted the best individual high-frequency stimulation programme at daytime and either 30 Hz-stimulation of the subthalamic contacts or StimOFF at night during two separate 5-weeks follow-up intervals. Both patient and rater were blinded to the stimulation settings.
Results:
High-frequency stimulation of the VIM effectively attenuated tremor. At follow-up, intermittent 30 Hz-stimulation at night resulted in a superior tremor response compared to StimOFF at night. Ataxia was not affected.
Discussion:
Stimulation of the VIM and adjacent subthalamic projections effectively attenuated tremor in a patient with confirmed SCA 27. Cycling between daytime high-frequency and night-time low-frequency stimulation led to a more sustained tremor response. This suggests to study in future if low-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic projection fibers may help overcome tolerance of tremor that is observed as a long-term limitation of VIM-DBS.
Case Report: Interleukin-2 Receptor Common Gamma Chain Defect Presented as a Hyper-IgE Syndrome
Authors: Brahim Belaid, Lydia Lamara Mahammed, Aida Mohand Oussaid, Melanie Migaud, Yasmine Khadri, Jean Laurent Casanova, Anne Puel, Nafissa Ben Halla, Reda Djidjik
Journal: Front Immunol (2021)
Keywords: interleukin-2 receptor gamma, combined immunodeficiency, hyper-ige, hypomorphic mutations, inborn error of immunity
MeSH terms: Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit / genetics, Job Syndrome / genetics, Mutation, Missense, X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / genetics, Case Reports, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Cell Proliferation, Child, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit / metabolism, Job Syndrome / diagnosis, Job Syndrome / immunology, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, Phenotype, T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology, T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism, X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / diagnosis, X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases / immunology, IL2RG protein, human, Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) is caused by mutations of IL2RG, the gene encoding the interleukin common gamma chain (IL-2Rγ or γc) of cytokine receptors for interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. Hypomorphic mutations of IL2RG may cause combined immunodeficiencies with atypical clinical and immunological presentations. Here, we report a clinical, immunological, and functional characterization of a missense mutation in exon 1 (c.115G>A; p. Asp39Asn) of IL2RG in a 7-year-old boy. The patient suffered from recurrent sinopulmonary infections and refractory eczema. His total lymphocyte counts have remained normal despite skewed T cell subsets, with a pronounced serum IgE elevation. Surface expression of IL-2Rγ was reduced on his lymphocytes. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) phosphorylation in response to IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7 showed a partially preserved receptor function. T-cell proliferation in response to mitogens and anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies was significantly reduced. Further analysis revealed a decreased percentage of CD4+ T cells capable of secreting IFN-γ, but not IL-4 or IL-17. Studies on the functional consequences of IL-2Rγ variants are important to get more insight into the pathogenesis of atypical phenotypes which may lay the ground for novel therapeutic strategies.
Recurrence of Primary Aldosteronism 10 Years After Left Adrenalectomy for Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Linghui Kong, Jin Zhang, Lei Dong, Jianzhong Xu, Ping-Jin Gao, Ji-Guang Wang, Limin Zhu
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: kcnj5, adrenalectomy, aldosterone-producing adenoma, primary aldosteronism, recurrence
MeSH terms: Adenoma / surgery, Adrenalectomy / adverse effects, Aldosterone / metabolism, Hyperaldosteronism / pathology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adenoma / metabolism, Adenoma / pathology, Adult, Female, Humans, Hyperaldosteronism / etiology, Hyperaldosteronism / metabolism, Prognosis, Aldosterone

A 29-year-old female patient diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) in 2004 underwent complete adrenalectomy for left aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and CYP11B2 staining. Her hypokalemia was corrected, and her blood pressure (BP) normalized and maintained without medication for 10 years. In 2014, her BP became elevated again, and a recurrence of PA with an adenoma on the right adrenal gland was discovered by computed tomography scan. She underwent partial right adrenalectomy in 2018 due to unsatisfactory BP control with medication and gradually enlarging adenoma. The resected adrenal tissue contained a CYP11B2 staining positive APA. Her BP was then controlled by two drugs. Sanger sequencing of DNA extracted from tissue slices revealed that both left and right adenomas carried the same aldosterone-driver KCNJ5 gene mutation, but with different nucleotide changes. We suggest that patients who undergo adrenalectomy for APA should be followed up for life.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IH
Authors: S O'heireamhoin, T Bayer, K J Mulhall
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Children affected by mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IH (Hurler Syndrome), an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, are known to experience a range of musculoskeletal manifestations including spinal abnormalities, hand abnormalities, generalised joint stiffness, genu valgum, and hip dysplasia and avascular necrosis. Enzyme therapy, in the form of bone marrow transplantation, significantly increases life expectancy but does not prevent the development of the associated musculoskeletal disorders. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman with a diagnosis of Hurler syndrome with a satisfactory result following uncemented total hip arthroplasty.
Inferior Vena Cava Agenesis: An Underrated Cause of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Muthumeena Kannappan, Sruthilatha Sakthi Velavan
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: agenesis, collateral veins, deep vein thrombosis (dvt), inferior vena cava, ivc embryology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The absence of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare abnormality reported in less than 1% of the population. The condition is usually the result of defects during embryogenesis. The collateral veins are enlarged with agenesis IVC, enabling blood transport to the superior vena cava. Although the alternate pathways enable venous drainage of the lower extremities, IVC agenesis (IVCA) may predispose to venous hypertension and complications, including thromboembolism. This report includes a case of a 35-year-old obese male who presented with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in his left lower extremity (LLE) with no predisposing factors, which led to an incidental discovery of the inferior vena cava agenesis. Imaging showed thrombosis of the deep veins of the LLE, absence of the IVC, enlarged paralumbar veins, filling of the superior vena cava, and left renal atrophy. The patient responded to therapeutic heparin infusion, and catheter placement and thrombectomy were performed. The patient was discharged on the third day with medications and vascular follow-up. It is essential to recognize the complications of IVCA and its correlation with other findings, such as atrophy of the kidney. The agenesis of IVC is a highly under-recognized cause of DVT of the lower extremities in the young population without other risk factors. Hence, a complete diagnostic evaluation is necessary for this age group, including imaging for vascular anomalies, besides the thrombophilic screening.
Elevated Intracranial Pressure as a Cause of Sick Sinus Syndrome
Authors: Samer Makhaly, Parvaneh Fallah, Nadia Giannetti
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) has multiple causes both familial and acquired. The most common cause is usually idiopathic. In the past literature, elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) has not been reported to be a cause of SSS. We present a case of a 55-year-old male that developed SSS after surgical resection of a brain tumor. We have investigated the causal relationship between increased ICP and SSS. We have concluded that elevated ICP creates a sympathovagal imbalance leading to SSS.