OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Treatment of a Double Cancer Patient With Primary Inferior Vena Cava Sarcoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xiaohu Guo, Zhengang Wei, Mancai Wang, Youcheng Zhang
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: case report, inferior vena cava, leiomyosarcoma, lung adenocarcinoma, sarcoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare malignancy. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old woman with a primary IVC leiomyosarcoma and lung adenocarcinoma.
Case report:
The patient, a 38-year-old Chinese female, presented to the general surgical outpatients clinic with a 18-month history of intermittent right upper abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a tumor of IVC (3.4*2.7 cm) extending to the renal veins. In addition, chest CT revealed a mass lesion in the upper left lung lobe. Then, the patient underwent resection of the IVC tumor and wedge resection of the upper lobe of the left lung. The patient then received gefitinib (250 mg/day) as a maintenance therapy until the tumor recurrence or metastasis in the follow-up period. Pulmonary metastasis of the sarcoma were first diagnosed 20 month after the resection of the IVC leiomyosarcoma. So the patient again received thoracoscopic wedge pneumonectomy, and it was confirmed to be metastasis of IVC leiomyosarcoma. The patient received oral anlotinib treatment (12 mg once daily) after the last operation. During on-going regular follow-up visits no evidence of recurrence or metastasis was observed from December 2020 to October 2021.
Conclusions:
The patient with a primary IVC leiomyosarcoma and lung adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. Surgery is still an effective treatment for patients with a primary IVC leiomyosarcoma and lung adenocarcinoma at present.
Case Report: Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease With a G114V Mutation and One Octapeptide Repeat Deletion as a Mimic of Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Xue Lin, Yichen Xu, Zhen Zhen, Kang Xiao, Xu Chen, Jigang Yang, Hongzhi Guan, Qi Shi, Xiaoping Dong, Jiawei Wang, Yanjun Guo
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: g114v mutation, prnp, genetic creutzfeldt-jakob disease, one octapeptide repeat deletions, prion
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD) characterized by mutations in the prion protein (PrP) gene (PRNP) contributes to approximately 10-15% of the overall human prion diseases. Here, we report a rare mutation in the PRNP gene in a Han-Chinese family. A 36-year-old man initiated with anxiety and depression followed by progressive dementia, cogwheel-like rigidity combined with tremors, and he was diagnosed with frontotemporal lobar dementia in the first 2 years. The disease progression was relatively slow, and the patient developed into akinetic mutism in 4 years. To characterize the disease, following the pedigree studies, neuropsychological examination, neuroimaging studies, real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) examination, and so on were conducted. We eventually identified a rare mutation of G114V combined with one octapeptide repeats deletion (1-ORPD) in the PrP in the patient by DNA sequencing. In addition, the same mutation and deletion were subsequently identified in the patient's mother without any syndromes. His maternal grandmother had a late onset of the disease in her 60s. Given that 1-OPRD has never been reported in human prion disease before, our first report that both G114V mutation and 1-OPRD appear in the family would forward our understanding of the etiological mechanisms of the gCJD.
Birmingham mid-head resection periprosthetic fractures: Case report
Authors: Inés Fraile Gamarra, Juan Fernando Jiménez Viseu Pinheiro, Carlos Cano Gala, Juan Francisco Blanco Blanco
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: birmingham, case report, mid-head resection, periprosthetic fracture, subtrochanteric, total hip arthroplasty

Introduction:
Total hip arthroplasty in young patients can cause problems when it comes to choosing a suitable implant. The Birmingham Mid-Head Resection prosthesis (BMHR) offers the option of preserving bone stock despite its poor quality in the femoral neck. Femoral neck fractures are a known complication of hip resurfacing prostheses and the main reason for revision surgery. Retaining the femoral implant may cause difficulties in osteosynthesis carried out with implants habitually used for intertrochanteric or femoral neck fractures (e.g., a screw-plate device or a cephalomedullary nail) [2].
Presentation of case:
We present the case of an 81-year-old patient who underwent surgery for right hip osteoarthritis and received a Birmingham Mid-Head Resection prosthesis. She had no history of previous fractures due to frailty. While on holiday, she sustained a periprosthetic fracture as a result of a fall. While the most common fracture in resurfacing prosthesis is produced in the femoral neck, in this case the patient sustained a subtrochanteric fracture. This fracture was surgically treated by means of open reduction and internal fixation with trochanteric plate and three cerclages.
Discussion:
Olsen et al. [8] described two fracture patterns: transcervical vertical shear type and subcapital type. In our patient's case, the fracture pattern was different to those described, as the fracture started in the cervical area and reached the subtrochanteric area. This change in the standard periprosthetic fracture pattern leads to a change in the therapeutic attitude that must be adopted.
Conclusion:
BMHR prostheses are metal-on-metal implants that resulted from the development of the standard resurfacing prostheses used to treat hip osteoarthritis in young patients with the goal of preserving as much bone stock as possible. In this paper we will describe a rare complication in this type of prosthesis and how it was surgically treated after reviewing the available literature.
Sjogren's syndrome related autoimmune encephalopathy presenting as depression and involuntary agitation in a 15-year-old girl: a case report
Authors: Yu-Tung Lee, Chao-Yi Wu, I-Jun Chou, Chun-Hao Liu
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: sjogren’s syndrome, adolescent, case report, depression, self-harm behaviors
MeSH terms: Autoimmune Diseases / complications, Autoimmune Diseases / diagnosis, Autoimmune Diseases / drug therapy, Encephalitis / complications, Encephalitis / etiology, Sjogren's Syndrome / complications, Sjogren's Syndrome / diagnosis, Sjogren's Syndrome / drug therapy, Case Reports, Adolescent, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Child, Depression / etiology, Female, Humans, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Hashimoto's encephalitis

Introduction:
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that commonly involves exocrinopathy. Although studies have reported psychiatric manifestations resulting from Sjogren's syndrome, few studies have focused on such manifestations in pediatric patients. Herein, we present a case of an adolescent girl with depression and involuntary self-harm behaviors related to Sjogren's syndrome with central nervous system involvement.
Case presentation:
A 15-year-old girl, with an underlying history of epilepsy, developed depressive symptoms of a year's duration, accompanied by three seizure episodes and involuntary self-harm behaviors. The self-harm behaviors, which included head banging and arm scratching, were sudden onset, involuntary, and unable to be recalled afterwards. After admission to our ward, the patient was positive for serum antinuclear antibodies and Schirmer's test. Moreover, 24-hour electroencephalography revealed epileptiform discharges during the mood swing episodes. Positive findings for antinuclear antibodies and anti-SSA antibodies in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid, suggested central nervous system involvement in Sjogren's syndrome. After rituximab treatment, her mood became euthymic, and her involuntary self-harm behaviors ceased.
Conclusion:
Central nervous system involvement leading to psychiatric presentations has rarely been reported in adolescents with Sjogren's syndrome. When treating adolescent patients with involuntary self-harm behaviors and neurological symptoms, it is crucial to consider autoimmune encephalitis related to Sjogren's syndrome in the differential diagnosis.
Orthopedic Manifestations of Bruck Syndrome: A Case Series with Intermediate to Long-term Follow-Up
Authors: Adolfredo Santana, Geovanny Oleas-Santillán, Jeanne M Franzone, L Reid Nichols, J Richard Bowen, Richard W Kruse
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of contractures, fractures, and deformities in four patients with Bruck syndrome treated in our facility. Data were collected from medical records, radiographs, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, genetic tests, and gait analysis. All had contractures at birth and genotypic findings including mutations in PLOD2 or FPKB10. Three cases were treated with bisphosphonates with improvement in bone density verified by DEXA. In Bruck syndrome, orthopedic deformities include the following sequential aspects: contractures, characterized by upper and lower extremity contractures such as clubfeet; fractures, characterized by multiple diaphyseal fractures in the long bones of the extremities; and deformities, characterized by malalignment of extremities and the spine. Physical therapy and bracing proved helpful for the contractures to try to stop progression. Bone fragility needs to be considered when deciding to attempt cast correction. Surgeries in the soft tissues can be performed to retain joint movement. In fractures with angulation, intramedullary nail fixation was useful, and in cases without deformity, casting alone was successful. We suggest monitoring the bone density with DEXA, nutrition support with vitamin D and calcium, and treatment with bisphosphonates. Spine deformities were successfully treated by spinal fusion and instrumentation.
Volumes of Velopharyngeal and Glossopharyngeal Airway Were Not Changed after Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Yoichi Nishimura, Naoko Fujii, Takahisa Yamamoto, Mahmood A Hamed, Misato Nishimura, Takuro Kojima, Noboru Iwata, Kenji Suzuki, Seiichi Nakata
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2016)

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in velopharyngeal and glossopharyngeal airway morphology and volume after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in three adult obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients who had bilateral large tonsils using three-dimensional computed tomography. Case Report. All three patients (one male and two females) who presented with a history of heavy snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness were examined with overnight nocturnal polysomnography, which indicated moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Because all patients had large tonsils, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty was expected to enlarge the pharyngeal airway. Polysomnography and three-dimensional computed tomography scanning were performed and compared, both before and 3 months after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Results. Unexpectedly, although the morphology of the glossopharyngeal airway clearly changed after UPPP, the volume changes in the velopharyngeal and glossopharyngeal airways were negligible.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Elbow
Authors: Hatem B Afana, Thomas Nau
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative disorder of synovium that surrounds the joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. The elbow is rarely affected, making it difficult to establish treatment guidelines. This article relates on a case of a male patient who presented with elbow pain and decreased range of motion. Diagnosis was established with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and biopsy, followed by arthroscopic removal and synovectomy. The patient was pain free shortly after surgery and gained free range of motion after six weeks. At the most recent follow-up after six months, he remained clinically well. The most recent MRI did not reveal any recurrence.
Mandibular swelling as the initial presentation for renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Roy Zhang, Chang Woo Lee, Shadi Basyuni, Vijay Santhanam
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: case report, mandibular swelling, metastasis, renal cell carcinoma (rcc)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the kidney. It usually presents in an occult manner, rarely with the classical triad of haematuria, abdominal mass and abdominal pain. Up to a third of patients have metastasis on presentation and only a few case reports have involved the mandible.
Presentation of case:
We present the case of a renal cell carcinoma that presented, in a 56-year-old lady, with mandibular swelling as its main clinical manifestation. This patient presented with a 3-month history of right sided facial swelling, associated with pain and intermittent paraesthesia to the right side of the tongue and lower lip. Imaging of the mandible revealed a lesion that had caused complete destruction of the right condyle, coronoid and ramus. Ultrasound guided biopsy revealed the nature of the mass to be metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Subsequent computed tomography (CT) imaging of the abdomen and pelvis confirmed the presence of a tumour in the right kidney. Due to the advanced nature of the disease, radical treatment was not suitable, and the patient passed away 11 months after diagnosis with palliative care.
Discussion and conclusion:
Whilst mandibular swelling is usually benign, it should be kept in mind that orofacial symptoms can be the initial presentation of systemic disease. Persistent swellings with infection ruled out, or those causing cranial nerve palsy, should be investigated further.
Three Novel COVID-19 Pneumonia Cases Successfully Treated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Authors: Tatsuhiko Wada, Kosuke Shimode, Takayuki Hoshiyama, Yoko Takayama, Kunihiro Yamaoka
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2020)
Keywords: covid-19, lopinavir, ritonavir, cruise ship, elderly patient, hyponatremia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Following the first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2), in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has spread worldwide. An outbreak in Japan occurred on a cruise ship, and this was followed by community-acquired COVID-19. Herein, we report three cases of COVID-19 that presented pneumonia following admission to Kitasato University Hospital. Patients were admitted based on the positive result of real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for COVID-19 nucleic acid. All patients were diagnosed as suffering from non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia and were successfully treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r). LPV/r could be an option for treating non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia in general and even in elderly patients.
Case Report: Treatment of Femoral Non-union With Rib and Iliac Crest Autografts and rhBMP-2 in a Cat
Authors: Cheng-Shu Chung, Lee-Shuan Lin, Yi-Min Teo
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2021)
Keywords: cat, iliac crest autograft, non-union, rhbmp-2, rib autograft
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 5-year-old, intact male Bengal cat weighing 5.2 kg was referred for the fixation failure of a right femoral fracture. Multiple surgical revisions failed, and atrophic non-union was diagnosed. The cat was then admitted for a final revision surgery using locking plate fixation in conjunction with rib and iliac crest autografts and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2). The fracture site was debrided and stabilized before filling the defect with 1.8 cm of rib bone autograft. The residual space in the defect was then filled with an iliac crest autograft. Finally, a 3 ×5 cm absorbable collagen sponge soaked with 0.5 mL of 0.2 mg/mL rhBMP-2 solution was placed around the defect. No significant complications were noted postoperatively. Bone healing was noted 2 months postoperatively, and it continued for 12 months. Although mild lameness remained, the cat's ambulatory function and quality of life were good. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of a clinical transplantation of a rib segment as an autograft in combination with rhBMP-2 in a cat with a large bone defect.
Case report: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia in a child with Brucella infection
Authors: Atheer Alkhunein, Ahmed Albraikan, Maria Alayed, Wesam Althaqafi, Musaed Alharbi
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: adamts-13 (a disentegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif), brucella, case report, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (maha), thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocitopenic purpura
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a diffused microvascular occlusive disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia, and ischemic organ dysfunction. In addition, this condition has been linked to an absence or dysfunction of ADAMTS13. Although TTP can occur due to various factors, such as bacteria, viruses, autoimmune disorders, drugs, connective tissue conditions, and solid tumors, it is a rare hematological complication associated with brucellosis. We describe the first case of a 9-year-old boy with acquired TTP with undetectable ADAMTS-13 assay secondary to Brucella infection. After initiating antimicrobial therapy, symptoms and laboratory abnormalities improved dramatically, with no recurrence of TTP in subsequent follow-ups.
An Unusual Presentation of Catatonia-Like Behavior: Differentiating Malingering from Catatonia
Authors: Andy Y Wang, Urrooj H Rehman
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malingering involves the intentional production of physical or psychological behaviors due to motivation from external incentives, posing unique challenges to healthcare. Although malingering as an entity has been well studied, the current literature does not explore the intentional production of catatonia-like behavior or how to differentiate malingering from catatonia. Here, we describe a 45-year-old female who was admitted to an acute psychiatric hospital with a complex presentation of catatonia-like signs that was ultimately thought to be volitional behavior, resulting in a diagnosis of malingering. We highlight the important factors considered in her presentation, the differences between her behaviors and true catatonia, and other important differential diagnoses to consider. Although a diagnosis of malingering is difficult to make, we underscore the importance of reaching this conclusion in order to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful medical interventions. We stress the importance of shifting focus from medical management to more appropriate patient goals such as providing social services and treatment of other underlying psychiatric illnesses.
Case report: EML4::NTRK3 gene fusion in a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma successfully treated with entrectinib
Authors: Chiara Lazzari, Lorenza Pecciarini, Claudio Doglioni, Federica Pedica, Ana Maria Samanes Gajate, Alessandra Bulotta, Vanesa Gregorc, Maria Giulia Cangi
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: eml4
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Rearrangements involving the neurotrophin kinase (NTRK) genes NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 with different fusion partners have been observed in both adult and pediatric solid tumors. Larotrectinib and entrectinib have been the first tumor-agnostic compounds approved for the treatment of NTRK fusion-positive tumors. Here, we report the first case of a female patient with a diagnosis of stage IV lung adenocarcinoma harboring the EML4::NTRK3 gene fusion, and successfully treated with entrectinib.
Generalized morphea after breast cancer radiation therapy
Authors: Jonathan Kushi, M E Csuka
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a case of a 69-year-old woman who received external beam radiation for the treatment of breast cancer. Seven months later, she developed generalized morphea involving the area of irradiated skin of the breast as well as distant sites of the groin and distal lower extremity. Postirradiation morphea is an uncommon yet well-documented phenomenon, usually confined to the radiated site and the immediate surrounding tissue. To our knowledge, this is only the fourth reported case of morphea occurring distant from the radiation field. While most cases of postirradiation morphea have been shown to either resolve spontaneously or respond to topical corticosteroids, our patient required systemic therapy with methotrexate, which resulted in clinical improvement. With this paper, we hope to bring further awareness to this phenomenon and demonstrate a successful treatment response with the use of methotrexate in postirradiation generalized morphea.
Case Report: Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for T2 Renal Cell Carcinoma During Pregnancy
Authors: Jie Dong, Yi Zhao, Weifeng Xu
Journal: Front Oncol (2020)
Keywords: laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, multidisciplinary team, pregnancy, renal cell carcinoma, retroperitoneal approach
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) found during pregnancy is rare. Treatment strategies and timing of surgeries are controversial. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for T2 RCC during pregnancy has not been reported before. Patient Concerns and Diagnosis: Herein, we report a case of T2 RCC found in a 36-year-old woman during her 21st week of pregnancy. Both ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested a malignancy, possibly renal cell carcinoma. Interventions and Outcomes: After discussion with a multidisciplinary team, the tumor was removed completely via retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, and pathology result was clear cell RCC. A male infant was delivered full-term uneventful, and both the patient and the boy were in good health after a 46-month follow-up. Conclusion: Partial nephrectomy with retroperitoneal laparoscopic technique is feasible and recommended in some T2 RCC patients.
A case study in connectomics: the history, mapping, and connectivity of the claustrum
Authors: Carinna M Torgerson, John D Van Horn
Journal: Front Neuroinform (2014)
Keywords: wilson's disease, claustrum, connectomics, consciousness, macro-scale, micro-scale
MeSH terms: Review

The claustrum seems to have been waiting for the science of connectomics. Due to its tiny size, the structure has remained remarkably difficult to study until modern technological and mathematical advancements like graph theory, connectomics, diffusion tensor imaging, HARDI, and excitotoxic lesioning. That does not mean, however, that early methods allowed researchers to assess micro-connectomics. In fact, the claustrum is such an enigma that the only things known for certain about it are its histology, and that it is extraordinarily well connected. In this literature review, we provide background details on the claustrum and the history of its study in the human and in other animal species. By providing an explanation of the neuroimaging and histology methods have been undertaken to study the claustrum thus far-and the conclusions these studies have drawn-we illustrate this example of how the shift from micro-connectomics to macro-connectomics advances the field of neuroscience and improves our capacity to understand the brain.