OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine administration in a pregnant woman: A case report
Authors: Betsy Abraham, Hassan Mohammed Saeed, S A Azeez Pasha
Journal: Qatar Med J (2022)
Keywords: ards, acute respiratory distress syndrome, covid-19, vaccine adverse event, vaccine-associated adverse event, mrna vaccine

Healthcare professionals monitoring vaccine-related adverse responses should be aware of COVID-19 vaccine-related acute respiratory distress syndrome to enable expeditious diagnosis and treatment. We report the first case of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a young pregnant woman, occurring immediately after a second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT16B2b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and requiring a brief period of mechanical ventilation, with a good response to a two-week steroid course. She had recovered from mild COVID-19 infection requiring home isolation nine months prior to the current vaccination dose. Without depreciating the colossal benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine-related acute respiratory distress syndrome should be listed as a possible adverse reaction.
Successful Diagnosis by Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgical Lung Biopsy in a Case of Progressive Primary Pulmonary Extranodal Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type: A Case Report
Authors: Satoshi Anai, Hiroki Gushiken, Shigeki Chinen, Akira Gakiya, Masaya Kiyuna
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: case report, diffuse ground-glass opacities, flow cytometry, primary pulmonary extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma nasal type, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malignant pulmonary lymphoma is very rare and the majority of which are B-cell lymphomas. Since primary pulmonary extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) is difficult to diagnose and associated with poor prognosis and aggressive course, some cases are diagnosed at the postmortem autopsy. We report a case of a 53-year-old man with primary pulmonary ENKL diagnosed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung biopsy. This case explains the importance of VATS lung biopsy and in-depth evaluation, including flow cytometry, chromosome, genetic, and immunostaining tests, when primary pulmonary malignant lymphoma is suspected.
A Case of Disseminated Histoplasmosis From California, in the Setting of Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Ameish Govindarajan, Rowis Sous, Frederick Venter, Tyler Torrico, Natalie Karapetians, Arash Heidari, Everardo Cobos, Greti Petersen
Journal: J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: histoplasma capsulatum, bilateral adrenal masses, dissemination, fungus, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, infectious disease
MeSH terms: Histoplasmosis / complications, Histoplasmosis / diagnosis, Histoplasmosis / microbiology, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / complications, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis, Case Reports, California, Histoplasma, Humans

Histoplasma capsulatum is a geographically specific dimorphic fungus that can cause a spectrum of diseases. While most cases are asymptomatic pulmonary infections, in severe cases, particularly in immunocompromised patients, disseminated disease can occur. Histoplasmosis in California is limited to only a few case reports. In this article, we describe a rare case of disseminated histoplasmosis in a non-endemic region presenting with diagnostically challenging symptomatology, including altered mental status, status epilepticus, septic shock, and bilateral adrenal masses.
Scar endometriosis: a case report of this uncommon entity and review of the literature
Authors: Cihangir Uzunçakmak, Ahmet Güldaş, Hasene Ozçam, Kemal Dinç
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2013)

Scar endometriosis is an infrequent type of extrapelvic endometriosis that is rather close together with obstetrical and gynecological surgeries. It is mostly confused with other dermatological or surgical conditions and delays the diagnosis. We report a case of a 50-year-old woman presenting with scar endometriosis 23 years after her last lower segment caesarean section. The epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of the situation are discussed.
Does the Use of Antidepressants Accelerate the Disease Progress in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Patients With Depression? A Case Report and A Systematic Review
Authors: Yifan Liang, Yan Li, Huibin Wang, Xi Cheng, Meiting Guan, Shanshan Zhong, Chuansheng Zhao
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2019)
Keywords: creutzfeldt–jakob disease, antidepressant, depression, neurotransmitters, sleep wake disorders
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapidly progressive dementia. Growing evidence suggests that antidepressant usage was associated with dementia. Given the commonality of depression in CJD, it is necessary to investigate the effect of antidepressants on CJD. Methods: First, we report a case of sporadic CJD (sCJD) with depression where the condition worsened rapidly after using a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant. Second, a systematic literature survey was conducted to investigate the effect of antidepressants on the survival time of sCJD patients with depression. Thirteen cases plus our case were included for qualitative analysis. Twelve subjects were included in the Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analysis. Finally, we provide a postulation of pathophysiological mechanism in CJD. Results: The median survival time of all patients was 6.0 months, of which patients with SNRIs were significantly shorter than those with first-generation antidepressants (2.0 vs. 6.0 months; log rank, P = .008) and relatively shorter than those with nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; 4.0 vs. 6.0 months; log rank, P = .090). In comparison with first-generation antidepressants, the use of SNRIs [hazard ratio (HR), 23.028; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.401 to 378.461; P = .028] remained independently associated with shorter survival time. Conclusions: The use of antidepressants, especially SNRIs, was associated with a shorter survival time of sCJD patients. The possible changes in neurotransmitters should be emphasized. Scientifically, this study may provide insights into the mechanism of CJD. Clinically, it may contribute to the early diagnosis of CJD.
Complete Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy of Giant Ovarian Serous Cystadenoma
Authors: Indira Prasad, Sudwita Sinha, Upasna Sinha, Mukta Agarwal
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: giant ovarian tumors, laparoscopic cystectomy, laparoscopic technique, minimally invasive surgery, serous cystadenoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report here a case of an unmarried teenage girl with a 19-kg giant ovarian cystic tumors of size 37cm×31cm×22cm, which was presumably benign on imaging and with negative tumor markers; treated by complete laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy following decompression and the patient was discharged the next day.
Case report: Recurrent angioedema: Diagnosing the rare and the frequent
Authors: Thomas Buttgereit, Lauré M Fijen, Carolina Vera, Karl-Christian Bergmann, Marcus Maurer, Markus Magerl
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: hae, angioedema, mast cell, normal c1inh, omalizumab, recurrent
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hereditary angiodema with normal C1 inhibitor and unknown mutation (HAE-nC1INH-UNK), an exceedingly rare subtype of HAE, appears to be often diagnosed in patients who do not have this condition, but have mast cell-mediated angioedema. Here, we report two patients diagnosed with HAE-nC1INH-UNK by their physicians, who referred them to our center for treatment continuation with costly kallikrein-kinin-system targeted therapies. We describe how we established the correct diagnosis of recurrent mast cell-mediated angioedema after thorough investigation of both patients and initiated effective treatment with omalizumab. Also, we present and discuss the consensus criteria for diagnosing the very rare condition HAE-nC1INH in light of recent research and based on our own clinical experience. In conclusion, HAE-nC1INH-UNK should only be considered after more common differential diagnoses, i.e., mast cell-mediated angioedema, have thoroughly been investigated and ruled out. This approach reduces both the patients' disease burden and healthcare costs and contributes to meaningful research.
Giant Cell Tumor of Lumbar Vertebrae on MR and 18F- FDG PET/CT: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xiangxiang Liu, Cen Lou, Zhongke Huang
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2023)
Keywords: mri, pet/ct, benign fibrous histiocytoma, giant cell tumor, vertebral tumors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching Point: Giant cell tumor of bone may show a moderate to high FDG uptake, and attention should be paid to differentiate from malignant tumors.
Two Cases of Pachydermodactyly Presenting as Polyarthritis
Authors: Roxana Mititelu, Sarah Finch, Paul Dancey, Ian Landells
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pachydermodactyly is characterized by asymptomatic, progressive swelling of the lateral aspects of the 2nd to 4th finger along the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint without involving the joint itself. We present 2 interesting cases of patients with periarticular swelling who were initially diagnosed and treated as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with subsequent clinical and pathology confirmation of pachydermodactyly. These cases emphasize the importance of considering pachydermodactyly in young patients with development of periarticular swelling and no joint involvement.
Low-Dose Prednisone Treatment for IVIG-Resistant Kawasaki Disease with Severe Arthritis and Joint Effusion in Two 3-Year-Old Children
Authors: Lingling Fan, Huimin Lv, Shujuan Jiang, Daogang Qin
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a global disease in children. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Complications vary among patients. Fever can persist in some after immune globulin (IVIG) administration, termed IVIG-resistant KD. Here, we report two cases of IVIG-resistant KD with severe arthritis. The diagnosis of arthritis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing joint effusion. Remarkably, fever and joint pain had not receded after the second dose of IVIG. To further manage the symptoms, we prescribed low-dose oral prednisone with success. Both fever and joint pain were diminished. We ponder that the low-dose prednisone might be an option to treat IVIG-resistant KD with severe arthritis.
Short- and long-term follow-up and additional benefits in a sickle cell disease patient experienced severe crizanlizumab infusion-related vaso-occlusive crisis: A case report
Authors: Awni Alshurafa, Mohamed A Yassin
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: crizanlizumab, hemolytic anemia, infusion-related reactions, sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive crisis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the presence of sickle hemoglobin that leads to chronic hemolysis and vaso-occlusive crisis. After decades of limited therapy options, crizanlizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019 for sickle cell-related pain crises for patients 16 years of age and above. Although rare, infusion-related reactions, including painful crises, occurred in 3% as per the package insert. However, the data on how to deal with such reactions and about further treatment outcomes are limited as most patients stopped crizanlizumab after the reaction. Herein, we report the good outcome of 13 doses of crizanlizumab in a 19-year-old female patient with sickle cell disease on hydroxyurea, despite experiencing a severe infusion-related painful crisis during the second infusion. Additional benefits of crizanlizumab, in this case, were preventing new episodes of acute chest syndrome, quitting chronic narcotics use, and a remarkable improvement in quality of life and overall performance.
Novel Use of Silicone Sheets for Immediate Implant Placement in Fresh Molar Extraction Sockets
Authors: Won-Pyo Lee, Jae-Heung Choi, Sang-Joun Yu, Byung-Ock Kim
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In the recent years, the immediate placement of dental implants into fresh extraction sites has become an acceptable treatment approach. However, immediate molar implant placement presents specific challenges because of the anatomical and physiologic limitations. Such implant surgeries commonly require procedures that use a barrier membrane to generate bone and soft tissue or one that seals the molar extraction socket through a coronally advanced flap. Here, as an alternative, we report a method for treating molar extraction socket wounds in the hard and soft tissues after immediate placement of an implant using a silicone sheet.
Case report: Virus-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with APECED
Authors: Oksana Boyarchuk, Olha Dyvonyak, Tetyana Hariyan, Alla Volokha
Journal: Front Pediatr (2023)
Keywords: aire, apeced, aps-1, covid-19, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, macrophage activation syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), also known as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of immunity (IEI), which is accompanied by immune dysregulation. Hypoparathyroidism, adrenocortical failure and candidiasis are its typical manifestations. Here we report about recurrent COVID-19 in a 3-year-old boy with APECED, who developed retinopathy with macular atrophy and autoimmune hepatitis after the first episode of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Primary Epstein-Barr virus infection and a new episode of SARS-CoV-2 infection with COVID pneumonia triggered the development of severe hyperinflammation with signs of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH): progressive cytopenia (thrombocytopenia, anemia, lymphopenia), hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, high levels of liver enzymes, hyperferritinemia, increased triglycerides levels; and coagulopathy with a low level of fibrinogen. Treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins did not lead to a significant improvement. The progression of HLH and COVID-pneumonia resulted in a fatal outcome. The rarity and varied presentation of the HLH symptoms led to diagnostic difficulties and diagnosis delay. HLH should be suspected in a patient with immune dysregulation and impaired viral response. Treatment of infection-HLH is a major challenge due to the difficulties in balancing immunosuppression and management of underlying/triggering infection.
Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Rare Cause of Fatal Massive Hemoptysis
Authors: Himaja Koneru, Sreeja Biswas Roy, Monirul Islam, Hesham Abdelrazek, Debabrata Bandyopadhyay, Nikhil Madan, Pradnya D Patil, Tanmay S Panchabhai
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (PAPA), an uncommon complication of pyogenic bacterial and fungal infections and related septic emboli, is associated with high mortality. The pulmonary artery (PA) lacks an adventitial wall; therefore, repeated endovascular seeding of the PA with septic emboli creates saccular dilations that are more likely to rupture than systemic arterial aneurysms. The most common clinical presentation of PAPA is massive hemoptysis and resultant worsening hypoxemia. Computed tomography angiography is the preferred diagnostic modality for PAPA; typical imaging patterns include focal outpouchings of contrast adjacent to a branch of the PA following the same contrast density as the PA in all phases of the study. In mycotic PAPAs, multiple synchronous lesions are often seen in segmental and subsegmental PAs due to ongoing embolic phenomena. The recommended approach for a mycotic PAPA is prolonged antimicrobial therapy; for massive hemoptysis, endovascular treatment (e.g., coil embolization, stenting, or embolization of the feeding vessel) is preferred. PAPA resection and lobectomy are a last resort, generally reserved for patients with uncontrolled hemoptysis or pleural hemorrhage. We present a case of a 28-year-old woman with necrotizing pneumonia from intravenous drug use who ultimately died from massive hemoptysis and shock after a ruptured PAPA.
WHO Grade 2 Neuroendocrine Tumor in a 15-Year-Old Male: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Eric Johannesen, Van Nguyen
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2014)

Neuroendocrine tumors, distinguished from adenocarcinomas by their neuroendocrine differentiation, are the most common pediatric epithelial malignancy that most often occurs in the appendix. In 2010, the WHO classified neuroendocrine neoplasms into three grades based on morphology, mitotic count, and Ki67 proliferation index. A 15-year-old male with a history of anemia and failure to thrive was diagnosed with a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor in the jejunum that invaded into the subserosal soft tissue and metastasized to four lymph nodes. Pediatric neuroendocrine tumors frequently arise within hereditary tumor syndromes with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors being the most common. Several studies also indicate an elevated risk of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors in which children born to a parent with a history of neuroendocrine tumors in the small intestine have a significant increased risk of developing one.
Invasive Geotrichum klebahnii fungal infection: A case report
Authors: Vhudzani Tshisevhe, Barend Mitton, Lebogang Skosana
Journal: Access Microbiol (2021)
Keywords: geotrichosis, geotrichum klebahnii, geotrichum species, invasive fungal infection, rare fungal infection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Geotrichosis is a world-wide mycosis caused by Geotrichum species. We report a rare case of an invasive cutaneous infection by Geotrichum klebahnii in a female patient with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. The patient presented with right facial swelling not responding to antibiotics and could not recall trauma to the site of the lesion. Histological examination showed fungal hyphae invading salivary glands and bony tissues, and G. klebahnii was isolated from the culture of biopsy material. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) confirmed the fungal species. Broth microdilution showed low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B. Treatment with sequential administration of intravenous amphotericin B with voriconazole followed by itraconazole led to the resolution of the lesion.
Case Report: Polyarteritis nodosa or complicated Henoch-Schonlein purpura (IgAV), a rare case
Authors: Sajad Hasanzadeh, Seyedeh Maryam Alavi, Elahe Masnavi, Saeid Jokar, Maryam Rohani
Journal: F1000Res (2018)
Keywords: henoch-schonlein purpura (immunoglobulin a-associated vasculitis), polyarteritis nodosa, vasculitis

Background: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a vasculitis that affects medium-sized arteries. PAN is a rare disease and requires a high clinical suspicion for diagnosis. PAN and HSP (newly named Immunoglobulin A-associated vasculitis) have narrowing differential diagnosis. Here, we reported a case of PAN. Case presentation: Our patient was a 65-year-old woman that came to hospital due to abdominal pain and skin lesion on the right upper and right lower extremities. All rheumatologic tests were negative. A biopsy of the skin lesion was reported as mild hyperkeratosis, slight spongiosis with intact basal layer. The dermis showed moderate to severe perivascular PMN infiltration with vessel wall degeneration and extravasation of RBCs. A colonoscopy reported diffuse mucosal erythema and erosions were seen in the rectum until 6cm of anal verge. An electromyogram test and nerve conduction velocity study of the upper extremities reported bilateral mild carpal tunnel syndrome, and in the right lower extremities mononeuritis multiplex could not be ruled out. Abdominopelvic CT scan reported diffuse wall thickening of terminal ileum associated with mesenteric fat and narrow enhancement of inferior Mesenteric artery with patchy filling defect. After evaluation, the patient received corticosteroid pulses plus cyclophosphamide. Conclusion: Diagnosis and treatment of PAN are important and PAN should be considered in a patient with skin lesions and neurological impairment.
Parosteal osteoma of the clavicle
Authors: Takao Inokuchi, Toshiaki Hitora, Yosiki Yamagami, Hideki Nishimura, Tetsuji Yamamoto
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2014)

Introduction. Osteoma is a benign, slowly growing, asymptomatic, osteogenic neoplasm. Osteoma of a bone other than the skull and facial bones is extremely rare. An extremely rare case of parosteal osteoma is reported. Case Presentation. A 51-year-old woman presented with a large mass in the left supraclavicular fossa. Radiographs and computed tomography revealed a well-defined, 9 × 6 cm, lobed mass in the midportion of the clavicle. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that it had the same density as cortical bone. An open biopsy was performed to rule out malignant bone tumours, and parosteal osteoma was diagnosed. Four years after the biopsy, the patient was asymptomatic. Conclusion. A rare case of parosteal osteoma of the clavicle was described. Open biopsy is required to rule out a malignant bone tumour, even if parosteal osteoma is suspected based on the clinical course and imaging findings.
Pneumatosis Intestinalis in the Setting of COVID-19: A Single Center Case Series From New York
Authors: Santiago J Miyara, Lance B Becker, Sara Guevara, Claudia Kirsch, Christine N Metz, Muhammad Shoaib, Elliot Grodstein, Vinay V Nair, Nicholas Jandovitz, Alexia McCann-Molmenti, Kei Hayashida, Ryosuke Takegawa, Koichiro Shinozaki, Tsukasa Yagi, Tomoaki Aoki, Mitsuaki Nishikimi, Rishabh C Choudhary, Young Min Cho, Stavros Zanos, Stefanos Zafeiropoulos, Hannah B Hoffman, Stacey Watt, Claudio M Lumermann, Judith Aronsohn, Linda Shore-Lesserson, Ernesto P Molmenti
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, il-6 inhibitor, sars-cov-2, ischemia-reperfusion injury, mesenteric ischemia, molecular targeted therapy, pneumatosis intestinalis, tocilizumab
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This case series reviews four critically ill patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] suffering from pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) during their hospital admission. All patients received the biological agent tocilizumab (TCZ), an interleukin (IL)-6 antagonist, as an experimental treatment for COVID-19 before developing PI. COVID-19 and TCZ have been independently linked to PI risk, yet the cause of this relationship is unknown and under speculation. PI is a rare condition, defined as the presence of gas in the intestinal wall, and although its pathogenesis is poorly understood, intestinal ischemia is one of its causative agents. Based on COVID-19's association with vasculopathic and ischemic insults, and IL-6's protective role in intestinal epithelial ischemia-reperfusion injury, an adverse synergistic association of COVID-19 and TCZ can be proposed in the setting of PI. To our knowledge, this is the first published, single center, case series of pneumatosis intestinalis in COVID-19 patients who received tocilizumab therapy.