OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the care of a preterm infant with COVID-19 infection: Case report
Authors: Jessica Patrick-Esteve, Christy Mumphrey, David Yu, Emily Masoumy, Jeremy Lawson, David Hebert, Brian Barkemeyer
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: covid-19, ecmo, case report, neonate, prematurity
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) in December 2019 and has since unleashed a global pandemic, with over 518 million cases as of May 10, 2022. Neonates represent a very small proportion of those patients. Among reported cases of neonates with symptomatic COVID-19 infection, the rates of hospitalization remain low. Most reported cases in infants and neonates are community acquired with mild symptoms, most commonly fever, rhinorrhea and cough. Very few require intensive care or invasive support for acute infection. We present a case of a 2-month-old former 26-week gestation infant with a birthweight of 915 grams and diagnoses of mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia and a small ventricular septal defect who developed acute respiratory decompensation due to COVID-19 infection. He required veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for 23 days. Complications included liver and renal dysfunction and a head ultrasound notable for lentriculostriate vasculopathy, extra-axial space enlargement and patchy periventricular echogenicity. The patient was successfully decannulated to conventional mechanical ventilation with subsequent extubation to non-invasive respiratory support. He was discharged home at 6 months of age with supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula and gastrostomy tube feedings. He continues to receive outpatient developmental follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a preterm infant during their initial hospitalization to survive ECMO for COVID-19.
Breast Cancer in the Setting of HIV
Authors: Mitul Palan, Sami Shousha, Jonathan Krell, Justin Stebbing
Journal: Patholog Res Int (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Oncogenesis in immunocompromised patients occurs due to a number of factors including reduced immune surveillance or other viral pathogens. Breast cancer, unlike other non-AIDS-defining cancers, does not appear associated and has rarely been reported. We describe a case with evidence of immune reactivity around the tumor, but not in the tumor itself.
Anti-homer-3 Antibody Encephalitis in a 10-Year-Old Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Zuying Kuang, José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo, Mohammad Mofatteh, Sifen Xie, Zhanhang Wang, Yimin Chen
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: anti-homer-3 antibody, antibodies, autoimmune encephalitis, cerebellar ataxia, children
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
We present a rare case with anti-Homer-3 antibodies positive encephalitis in the youngest patient ever identified and reviewed the literature.
Case report:
A 10-year-old, Chinese boy came for evaluation of a 2-week history of cognitive impairment, irritability, dysarthria, and cautious gait. The neurological examination was consistent with the pan-cerebellar syndrome and encephalopathy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was inflammatory with increased leukocytes. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed hyperintensities in both cerebellar hemispheres and vermis in Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2- weighted sequences. Infectious disorders were ruled out, but positivity for anti-Homer-3 antibodies was detected in the CSF, but not in the serum. Additionally, low titers of voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibodies were found in the serum. Treatment with intravenous (IV) corticosteroids did not provide meaningful clinical improvement; however, the patient achieved almost complete recovery (modified Ranking Scale score: 1) following IV immunoglobulin.
Conclusion:
Anti-Homer-3 cerebellar ataxia with encephalopathy should be considered within the differential diagnosis of acute inflammatory cerebellar disease in children and it may coexist with VGCC antibodies.
Massive Hematemesis from a Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Presenting Two Years after Penetrating Trauma
Authors: Geraldine Abbey-Mensah, Michael M Herskowitz, James Walsh, Robert F Leonardo
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Splenic artery pseudoaneurysms (PSA) are rare entities and far less common than true aneurysms of the splenic artery. The most common etiology is pancreatitis, recurrent either in the setting of chronic pancreatitis or as an episode of acute pancreatitis. Less common causes include trauma, peptic ulcer disease, or iatrogenic causes. Almost all of the trauma-related case reports have been due to blunt trauma. We believe this to be the first reported case of a splenic artery PSA presenting with massive hematemesis at a significant time frame after penetrating trauma. Successful transcatheter treatment was performed and alternative techniques are also discussed.
Fulminant Infective Endocarditis Due to Kingella Kingae and Several Complications in a 6-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report
Authors: Raphael Joye, Dimitri Ceroni, Maurice Beghetti, Yacine Aggoun, Tornike Sologashvili
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: kingella kingae, cardiac surgery, child, endocarditis, ischemic stroke
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kingella kingae is a gram-negative coccobacillus belonging to the HACEK group (Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella species) and is a common oropharyngeal colonizer of healthy young children. Osteoarticular infection is the most commonly reported invasive Kingella kingae infection in children, usually presenting a mild clinical picture. However, it can also cause severe invasive infections, especially infective endocarditis, with a high complication rate. We report the case of a 6-year-old girl, with no past medical history, who presented with fulminant infective endocarditis due to Kingella kingae. She received emergency venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, rapidly underwent cardiac surgery, and was then treated using ceftriaxone for 4 weeks as recommended by the American Heart Association. The patient's postoperative course was marked by a cerebral ischemic stroke consistent with septic embolism. She also presented with a para-aortic pseudoaneurysm that required a secondary surgical procedure, with a good postoperative result. This report illustrates a case of fulminant infective endocarditis due to Kingella kingae and responsible for two major complications. We also describe the preventive valve surgery performed to ensure the preservation of valve function and its capacity for growth.
Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding resulting from small bowel neoplasia; A case series
Authors: Jia Wei Teh, Amy L Fowler, Noel E Donlon, Waqar Khan, Iqbal Z Khan, Michael Waldron, Kevin Barry
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: case report, gastrointestinal stromal tumour, neuroendocrine tumour, obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, small bowel

Introduction:
Undiagnosed gastrointestinal bleeding may originate in the small bowel. This presents a diagnostic challenge despite the advancement in contemporary imaging. We report two cases which highlight the limitations of routine investigation for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
Presentation of case:
Patient A presented with a history of rectal bleeding, treated with interventional embolisation of caecal angiodysplasia. A diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumour (NET) was reached two years after presentation following intraoperative right hemicolectomy resection of a presumed recurrent angiodysplastic bleed. Patient B presented with recurrent melaena labelled as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) induced gastritis. After multiple endoscopic and radiological investigations, a 4.5 cm mass was visualised on imaging after three years, which was histologically proven as gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) of the small bowel. Both patients experienced a delayed diagnosis despite multiple investigations and careful follow-up.
Discussion:
Our case series discusses the benefits and limitations of investigation for gastrointestinal bleeding and suggests a need for continued multidisciplinary input in situations where the patient presumed diagnosis remains in question.
Conclusion:
OGIB remains a diagnostic challenge and is attributable to small bowel pathology in 75% of cases. This suggests a need for continued investigation in situations where the patient presents multiple times despite adequate treatment for the presumed underlying condition.
An anatomic aberration and a surgical challenge: Mediastinal parathyroid adenoma anterior the pericardium. A case report
Authors: Antonios Patrinos, Maria Zarokosta, Theodoros Piperos, John Tsiaoussis, George Noussios, Theodoros Mariolis-Sapsakos
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: aberrant location, case report, hypercalcemia, phpt, single parathyroid adenoma

Introduction:
Ectopic parathyroid glands occur in 6-16% of cases of PHPT and they constitute a potential cause of failed primary surgical therapy. In particular, aberrant adenomas located deeper in the mediastinum, as in the presented case, remain a severe challenge for the surgeons.
Presentation of case:
A 54-year-old Caucasian female proceeded to our institution with signs and symptoms of PHPT. Imaging studies performed identified a large mass localized in the lower anterior mediastinum, on the left of the median line. A mid-sternal thoracotomy was performed and the aberrant adenoma was finally detected anterior to the pericardium and the left pericardiophrenic vessels and the left phrenic nerve. The operation was uneventful. A meticulous review of the literature was conducted as well.
Discussion:
Single parathyroid adenomas are the key culprits of PHPT. Anatomic aberrations of the location of the parathyroid glands and their adenomas are more common than described in the literature and there are possible anatomic aberrations that have not been described yet. All these anatomic variations constitute major risk-factors of thoracic bleeding and of nerve injury.
Conclusion:
Detailed preoperative detection in addition to meticulous exposure of the operative field are fundamental in order to perform a safe adenoma excision without harmful impacts to the patient.
Multiple myeloma and bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the mandible associated with dental implants
Authors: Luis Junquera, Lorena Gallego, Alejandro Pelaz
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder and more than 30% of patients with this pathology develop osteolytic lesions in the jaw. Either pamidronate or zoledronic acid is recommended in patients with MM who have one or more lytic lesions. However, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) has been described as a complication associated with their use. Otherwise, the use of endosseous implants in oral rehabilitation is a well-established procedure, with good long-term success although systemic factors may affect the bone healing around dental implants. We report the first case reported of MM adjacent to a mandibular dental implant in a patient who developed BRONJ in the same area after intravenous zoledronate treatment. We discuss possible pathogeny of this particular and interesting phenomena.
Safe surgical technique: iliac osteotomy via the anterior approach for revision hip arthroplasty
Authors: Navid M Ziran, Sherif M Sherif, Joel M Matta
Journal: Patient Saf Surg (2014)
Keywords: anterior approach, arthroplasty, hip, iliac, osteotomy, revision
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Robert Judet first performed hip arthroplasty via the anterior approach (AA) in 1947 on an orthopaedic table. Our center has a near 20-year experience on more than 3500 patients operated by AA hip arthroplasty. While primary AA total hip arthroplasty techniques have been discussed in the literature, revision AA total hip arthroplasty techniques are relatively new. The current article in the Journal's "Safe Surgical Technique" series describes the successful application of an adjunctive iliac osteotomy to improve femoral exposure in two selected patients undergoing AA revision hip arthroplasty. The potential risk/complications of an iliac osteotomy include iatrogenic fracture, malunion/nonunion, infection, and pain. These potential risks should be weighed against the potential benefits of improved surgical exposure and/or risks of other revision techniques. Future prospective longitudinal studies will be helpful to determine efficacy and risk profile compared to other revision techniques.
Severe Enteritis as the Sole Manifestation of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Adolescent Patients
Authors: Sandeep Gupta, Ashlesha Kaushik, Helen Kest, Alexandra K Charles, William De Bruin, Mario Colletti, David Goldberg
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Enteritis as the only manifestation of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adolescents without features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or a prior history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been described. We report two adolescent patients (a 14-year-old male and a 20-year-old pregnant female) presenting to tertiary-care centers in the United States with severe enteritis as the only manifestation of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The patients were hospitalized with acute abdominal pain and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, with no evidence of MIS-C, and were previously healthy with no history of IBD. The patients' nasopharyngeal swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and testing for other infectious etiologies was negative. Both patients received intravenous corticosteroids and recovered without short-term complications. None of the patients died. This report highlights the need for keeping a high index of suspicion for SARS-CoV-2 infection in adolescents presenting solely with gastrointestinal manifestations, in the absence of respiratory symptoms or multisystem involvement, for prompt recognition and timely management.
Atypical Presentation of Severe Dengue in a Patient following a Major Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Umesh Jayarajah, Oshan Basnayake, Kavinda Nagodavithane, Jayan Jayasinghe, Dharmabandhu N Samarasekera
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Severe dengue infections in a postoperative patient may lead to significant derangement in the body's homeostasis resulting in morbidity and sometimes even mortality. Reports on presentation and clinical manifestations of dengue in patients following major surgical procedures are scarce and restricted to few case reports. We describe a 26-year-old male with atypical presentation and late detection of dengue haemorrhagic fever following a major abdominal surgery. On postoperative day 6, he developed spontaneous bleeding from the drain site and moderate-to-massive bilateral pleural effusion with respiratory distress. His dengue IgM and IgG were positive. Therefore, a diagnosis of dengue haemorrhagic fever with bilateral lower zone pneumonia was made. A right-sided intercostal tube was inserted. Intensive care was given and was managed with intravenous antibiotics, targeted fluid therapy, and supportive care. He recovered from the infection and was discharged uneventfully. This case is unique because during the postoperative period, he went into critical phase with significant fluid leakage and developed bleeding manifestations without a clear febrile phase and deterioration in the haemodynamic parameters. High degree of suspicion and early detection are necessary to guide the fluid therapy and provide organ support in such patients.
Sporadic Retroperitoneal Hemangioblastoma: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: F G Jalikis, B L Hoch, R Bakthavatsalam, M I Montenovo
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of sporadic isolated hemangioblastoma arising from the retroperitoneum and provide a review of the scarce literature regarding this very rare tumor. Furthermore, we thoroughly describe the pathologic features and the broad differential diagnosis that should always be included in the study of any retroperitoneal soft tissue mass to arrive at the final diagnosis.
Intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: Our first three-and-a-half years' experience in Malaysia
Authors: Chee Chung Liu, Adzleen Mohmood, Norhafizah Hamzah, Jia Him Lau, Nurliza Khaliddin, Jamalia Rahmat
Journal: PLoS One (2020)
MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / therapeutic use, Melphalan / therapeutic use, Retinal Neoplasms / drug therapy, Retinoblastoma / drug therapy, Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / administration & dosage, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infusions, Intra-Arterial, Malaysia, Male, Melphalan / administration & dosage, Retrospective Studies, Salvage Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating, Melphalan

Aim:
To report our first three-and-a-half years' experience with intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) in managing retinoblastoma (RB).
Methods:
Single institution, retrospective, interventional case series of 14 retinoblastoma patients managed with IAC from December 2014 to June 2018. Demographics were described. Outcomes measures were tumor response, treatment complications and globe salvage.
Results:
Subjects' mean age at the first administration of IAC was 31.4 months. 57.1% of the eyes were Group D and E retinoblastoma, while 79% were bilateral disease. 93% of the eyes were as secondary treatment. Of 32 IAC cannulations performed, 23 (71.8%) were successful and received chemotherapy drug melphalan. Each eye received a mean of 1.8 (range 1-4) IAC injections. 53% of the eyes showed regression post treatment. After a mean follow up period of 19 months, globe salvage rate was 38%. Most of the adverse effects experienced were localized and transient.
Conclusion:
IAC has provided an added recourse in the armamentarium of retinoblastoma treatment in our center. IAC treatment is a viable alternative in the treatment of retinoblastoma to salvage globe, for eyes that would conventionally require enucleation especially in bilateral disease.
Spontaneously Healed Pathologic Fracture over a Critical-Size Calcaneal Cyst
Authors: Nikolaos G Lasanianos, Ioannis Spanos, Aggeliki Papaioannou, Elisavet Paneri
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Simple bone cysts are nonsymptomatic lesions. They typically involve the medullary cavity, but they can also be found in nonlong bones such as the calcaneum. Their treatment remains controversial varying from observation and conservative healing to irritating injections or bone grafting. In the case of a pathologic fracture, surgical treatment seems most appropriate especially when the cyst is situated on a weight-bearing bone. We present herein the rare case of a spontaneously healed pathological fracture over a critical-size calcaneal cyst of a patient reluctant to undergo surgical treatment. An interpretation of the healing procedure as well as a review of the literature is presented.
Surgical approach in type II Peters anomaly - case report
Authors: Cătălina-Ioana Tătaru, Călin Petru Tătaru, Laura Denisa Preoteasa
Journal: Rom J Ophthalmol (2022)
Keywords: peters anomaly, corneal opacity, kerato-lenticular adhesions, pediatric cataract
MeSH terms: Corneal Opacity / diagnosis, Corneal Opacity / surgery, Eye Abnormalities / diagnosis, Eye Abnormalities / surgery, Case Reports, Anterior Eye Segment / abnormalities, Anterior Eye Segment / diagnostic imaging, Anterior Eye Segment / surgery, Child, Female, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Peters anomaly

Objective: The aim of this report was to present a rare case of apparently unilateral Peters anomaly and describe the clinical characteristics, surgical approach, and visual prognosis. Methods: We presented the case of a 7-year-old female patient with posterior corneal defect due to kerato-lenticular adhesions along with anterior dislocation and opacification of the lens in the left eye and a history of post-traumatic evisceration of the right eye. Systemic associations included mental underdevelopment, left torticollis and scoliosis. No family history of acquired or inherited diseases were determined. We performed cataract extraction in the left eye and opted for aphakia. Results: Based on clinical findings, we considered unilateral Peters anomaly type II. Cataract surgery slightly improved the visual acuity from hand moving to 20/ 400 UCVA (uncorrected visual acuity) and 20/ 100 with +10.0 diopters at 1 month postoperative. No enlargement of the corneal opacity was observed. Conclusions: In this case, we were able to diagnose Peters anomaly only in one eye. The diagnosis required long follow-up with periodic measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) to early detect glaucoma. The complexity and uniqueness of the case relied on the difficult approach made by the cloudy cornea and anterior lens dislocation. We applied a combination of techniques including adhesiolysis, cataract extraction and anterior vitrectomy. Further interventions such as secondary IOL (intraocular lens) implantation or PKP (penetrating keratoplasty) will be taken into consideration after six-month and one-year postoperative follow-up. Abbreviations: PA = Peters anomaly, DM = Descemet's membrane, IOL = intraocular lens, VA = visual acuity, OVDs = ophthalmic viscosurgical devices, IOP = intraocular pression, PKP = penetrating keratoplasty, BCVA = best corrected visual acuity, UCVA = uncorrected visual acuity.
Calcified Intervertebral Disc Herniation in a Child
Authors: Aseel Al-Musaedi, Filip M Vanhoenacker, Anton Veyt
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2023)
Keywords: ct, cervical spine, intervertebral disc calcification, mri, paediatric
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching Point: Calcified intervertebral disc herniation in children is rare, and spontaneous resolution is the rule.
Recovering Voiding and Sex Function in a Patient with Chronic Complete Spinal Cord Injury by Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation
Authors: Di Chen, Haitao Xi, Ke Tan, Hongyun Huang
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is life-altering damage for patients, their family, and society. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells has demonstrated neurorestoration effects for many neurological conditions, including SCI. But voiding and sex dysfunction in patients with chronic complete SCI is still a major issue even though neurorestorative therapies can restore their partial neurological functions. Here we report a case with traumatic complete SCI at the level of C6-C7 one year ago, who received OEC transplantation with intensive neurorehabilitation. The patient started to show clinical improvements within a few days after cell treatment. Six-year follow-up demonstrated his American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA)-Impairment Scale change from ASIA A to become ASIA C. The scores of International Association of Neurorestoratology Spinal Cord Injury Functional Rating Scale changed from 14 (prior to cell therapy) to 31 + 3 (six years after cell therapy). His main improvements in activity of daily life included eating, dressing and writing by himself, standing and walking, and urine control or voiding. His sex function recovered to be normal. He married and had a son through natural sex life. His improving functions and activities of daily life stayed stable in subsequent phone call follow-up. This was one individual case report. In the future, the deep mechanisms of why he got positive results, but other patients with similar condition did not get so much benefits from OEC transplantation should be explored.