OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis following kidney transplantation: report of paediatric case
Authors: Kamel Abidi, Manel Jellouli, Yousra Hammi, Tahar Gargah
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2015)
Keywords: pulmonary tuberculosis, child, renal failure, renal transplantation
MeSH terms: Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use, Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use, Kidney Transplantation / methods, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / diagnosis, Case Reports, Adolescent, Drug Interactions, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects, Male, Opportunistic Infections / diagnosis, Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy, Opportunistic Infections / microbiology, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / etiology, Antitubercular Agents, Immunosuppressive Agents

Recipients of solid organ transplantation are, because of immunosuppressive therapy, at high risk to develop opportunistic infections including tuberculosis (TB). The incidence, clinical manifestations, and optimal diagnostic tests of this disease in this population have not been adequately defined. In this paper, we report a case of 13 year-old boy who developed pulmonary tuberculosis following a second renal transplantation from a deceased donor. The described case points diagnostic difficulties of the tuberculosis disease which are due to insidious and non specific clinical presentation. Also, the treatment is delicate because interaction between immunosuppressive drugs and antituberculosis drugs.
The Efficacy of Intraoperative Passive Language Mapping for Glioma Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Kohei Kanaya, Takumi Mitsuhashi, Takafumi Kiuchi, Sumio Kobayashi
Journal: Front Neurol (2021)
Keywords: awake craniotomy, cortiq, glioma, high-gamma activity, intraoperative passive language mapping, real-time
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Recently, electrocorticographic (ECoG) studies have emphasized the importance of gamma band-based functional mapping in the presurgical localization of the eloquent cortex. Passive functional mapping using ECoG signals provides a reliable method for identifying receptive language areas without many of the risks and limitations associated with electrical cortical stimulation. We report a surgical case of left temporal malignant glioma with intraoperative passive language mapping. Case Description: A 78-year-old woman was diagnosed with left temporal glioma with inspection of her language difficulty. MRI showed a left temporal tumor measuring 74.6 × 50.0 × 51.5 mm in size. Real-time CortiQ-based mapping using high-gamma activity by word-listening and story-listening tasks was performed. Significant listening task-evoked high gamma activities were detected in 5 channels in the superior temporal gyrus and one channel in the middle temporal gyrus. The tumor was grossly removed except for the region corresponding to listening task-evoked high gamma activities. Postoperatively, the patient's symptoms of language comprehension difficulty improved, and no new neurological deficits were observed. Conclusion: Intraoperative passive language mapping was successfully performed, and the patient's language function was well-preserved. Intraoperative passive language mapping, which is applicable in a short time and under general anesthesia, can be an important tool for detecting language areas.
Case Report: Bilateral reexpansion pulmonary edema following treatment of a unilateral hemothorax
Authors: Steven P de Wolf, Jaap Deunk, Alexander D Cornet, Paul Wg Elbers
Journal: F1000Res (2014)
Keywords: re-expansion pulmonary edema, bilateral, hemothorax, pneumothorax, trauma

Bilateral re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is an extremely rare entity. We report the unique case of bilateral RPE following a traumatic, unilateral hemopneumothorax in a young healthy male. Bilateral RPE occurred only one hour after drainage of a unilateral hemopneumothorax. The patient was treated with diuretics and supplemental oxygen. Diagnosis was confirmed by excluding other causes, using laboratory findings, chest radiography, pulmonary and cardiac ultrasound and high resolution computed tomography. His recovery was uneventful. The pathophysiology of bilateral RPE is not well known. Treatment is mainly supportive and consists of diuretics, mechanical ventilation, inotropes and steroids. In case of a pulmonary deterioration after the drainage of a traumatic pneumothorax, bilateral RPE should be considered after exclusion of more common causes of dyspnea.
An Association between Bevacizumab and Recurrent Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient Presenting with Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mark Lazarus, Stanley Amundson, Rajesh Belani
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2012)

Background. The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a syndrome characterized by hypertension, headache, seizures, and visual disturbances. Causes of PRES include preeclampsia/eclampsia, hypertension, and recently bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor. There is no information to date about PRES recurrence in patients taking bevacizumab or descriptions of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the setting of PRES. We reviewed data on a patient receiving bevacizumab who presented with a DVT and PRES and later developed recurrent PRES. Case. A 72-year-old man with metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma received maintenance bevacizumab following six cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel. Following his eighth dose of bevacizumab, he developed a DVT as well as PRES. He made a rapid recovery and was discharged from the hospital but went on to develop PRES recurrence nine days following his original episode. Conclusion. Several mechanisms exist whereby exposure to bevacizumab could be related to the development of both DVT and PRES by inducing global endothelial dysfunction. Recurrent PRES may result from bevacizumab's prolonged half-life (11-50 days) and suboptimal blood pressure control. In the setting of bevacizumab, PRES surveillance may play a similar role in preeclampsia screening as both diseases share similar antiangiogenic signaling pathways.
A Definitive IMRT-SIB with Concomitant Chemotherapy for Synchronous Locally Advanced Anal Canal Cancer and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tubin Slavisa, Raunik Wolfgang
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Currently, there are no specific recommendations regarding the management of the synchronous tumours due to the lack of either specific guidelines or individuals' clinical experiences relative to these clinical situations. In the presence of a locally advanced double primary tumour and with the lymph node metastases in addition, from the radiotherapeutical point of view, it must be challenging to manage this complicated situation that requires a more delicate treatment planning, due to higher doses prescribed to greater volumes concomitantly with the chemotherapy. A 68-year-old Caucasian male with a synchronous intermediate-risk prostate adenocarcinoma and locally advanced anal canal carcinoma underwent IMRT-SIB with concomitant chemotherapy at our institute. Two years after the treatment, the restaging CT and MRI scan showed no evidence of the disease and the patient reported no significant gastrointestinal or genitourinary toxicity. Our experience is unique, since it is the first report on using the IMRT-SIB technique simultaneously with chemotherapy in the management of the synchronous prostate and anal canal carcinomas. Therefore, we find it important to provide the current literature with the results from our experience which show good feasibility, efficacy, and tolerability of the definitive concomitant IMRT-SIB-chemotherapy for the synchronous anal canal cancer and prostate cancer.
Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism in infancy mainly manifested as poor appetite and vomiting: Two case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Yueerlanmu Tuoheti, Yucan Zheng, Yan Lu, Mei Li, Yu Jin
Journal: Front Pediatr (2022)
Keywords: digestive tract symptom, electrolyte disturbances, transient pseudohypoaldosteronism, urinary tract abnormalities, urinary tract infection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Transient Pseudohypoaldosteronism (TPHA) is a very rare condition usually secondary to urinary tract malformations (UTM) and/or urinary tract infection (UTI). It is characterized by hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, and elevated plasma aldosterone levels. Given that the predominant manifestations of TPHA patients are digestive tract symptoms, such as poor appetite, vomiting, and weight gain, it is easily misdiagnosed as digestive tract diseases.
Case reports:
Two children with poor appetite and vomiting were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from 2020 to 2021. Laboratory test results of these two children revealed hyponatremia (< 135.00 mmol/L), hyperkalemia (> 5.50 mmol/L), and hyperaldosteronism (> 180.00 ng/L). Moreover, genetic tests demonstrated no genetic variants highly associated with the phenotype in both cases. The two patients were subsequently treated with electrolyte correction. One of them also treated with antibiotics and one of them underwent surgery. They were followed for 8 and 4 months, respectively. No complications were observed during the follow-up period. This review aimed to outline both cases with parental consent.
Conclusion:
Transient pseudohypoaldosteronism should be considered in children younger than 6 months, presenting with vomiting, poor appetite, unexplained hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, elevated aldosterone levels, and urethral malformation or urinary tract infection. Furthermore, attention should be paid to whether salt supplementation or anti-infection therapy is effective.
Collecting Duct Renal Cell Carcinoma Found to Involve the Collecting System During Partial Nephrectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Andrew C Harbin, Brett A Styskel, Viren Patel, He Wang, Daniel D Eun
Journal: J Kidney Cancer VHL (2015)

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare and aggressive form of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising from the principal cells of the collecting duct. One third of cases present with metastatic disease, but many present in a manner similar to conventional RCC or urothelial carcinoma (UC). We discuss a case of CDC which presented as a small mass at the cortico-medullary junction, and was discovered at robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) to be grossly involving the collecting system. A 62-year-old man presented with a small renal mass suspicious for RCC, which was found on computed tomography (CT) after an episode of gross hematuria. After thorough workup, RPN was attempted; however, intraoperatively the mass was found to be involving the collecting system. Radical nephroureterectomy was performed, and the pathology report revealed CDC. CDC is a rare and aggressive form of RCC. While many cases are metastatic at diagnosis, most patients present with the incidental finding of a small renal mass. There are no reports of a CDC involving the collecting system at RPN after negative ureteroscopy preoperatively. The adjuvant therapeutic options for CDC are limited, and long term survival is poor.
A Case of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presenting with Hypernatremia, Hyperosmolarity, and Altered Sensorium
Authors: Vinod Kumar, Sushant M Nanavati, Gabriel Melki, Mira Upadhyaya, Raman Dhillon, Sandra Gibiezaite, Patrick Michael, Monisha Singhal
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Diabetic Ketoacidosis commonly presents with hyponatremia, but hypernatremia is a rare entity. We report a unique case of a 50-year-old woman admitted with altered sensorium with blood glucose 979 milligrams/deciliter, serum osmolarity 363 mOsm/kilograms, and serum sodium 144 milliequivalents/liter. Patient was given initial bolus of isotonic saline and continued on half isotonic saline for correction of hypernatremia along with insulin infusion therapy. Patient was successfully treated with intravenous fluids, insulin infusion, and the altered sensorium was resolved without any sequelae. This case illustrates a teaching point in the use of intravenous fluids for the treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis with hypernatremia.
Anaphylaxis after consumption of wasp larvae in Reunion Island: a case report
Authors: Adrien Maillot, Camille Mathelin, Gregory Cazanove, Adrien Marteau
Journal: Front Allergy (2023)
Keywords: indian ocean, polistes olivaceus, allergy, edible insects, entomophagy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The practice of entomophagy is common in Asia, Africa, and South America and is now spreading to Europe and the United States. Entomophagy is not without risk since humans can develop allergic reactions to the ingested insects. Here we describe a case of anaphylaxis after consumption of Polistes olivaceus larvae in a 23-y-old man living in Reunion Island, a French overseas department where wasps and other insects are occasionally consumed as part of local traditions. The patient developed diffuse pruritus with facial edema, nausea, and vomiting 15 min after ingesting pan-fried wasp larvae during a dinner with two other people. He was taken to a local care center where he received two oral doses of antihistamines. Shortly after, he presented with shock and hemodynamic, respiratory, and neurological failure. He received a subcutaneous injection of adrenaline and was rapidly transferred to hospital for 12 h of monitoring, after which he was discharged without sequelae. The patient's anaphylactic reaction may have been due only to the allergens contained in the ingested larvae or to cross-allergy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of anaphylaxis after consumption of Polistes olivaceus larvae. More generally, few cases of allergic reaction to ingested insects have been described in the literature.
Case Report: Testicular Sarcoidosis: The Diagnostic Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Review of the Literature
Authors: Antonio De Cinque, Beniamino Corcioni, Martina Sofia Rossi, Alessandro Franceschelli, Fulvio Colombo, Rita Golfieri, Matteo Renzulli, Caterina Gaudiano
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: andrology, contrast media, sarcoidosis, ultrasonography, urology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease histologically characterized by non-caseating epithelioid granulomas and multinucleated giant cells; the etiology is still uncertain, and likely related to a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. The genitourinary system is affected in fewer than 0.2% of all clinically diagnosed cases of sarcoidosis and in 5% of those identified in autopsy studies. In this report, we describe a case of a 42-year-old male with one hypoechoic lesion per testis on B-mode evaluation; contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) on both lesions was carried out. During the early phase, the masses showed a hypovascular appearance as compared to the surrounding testicular tissue, maintaining the hypo-enhancement in the late phase. Tissue biopsy for pathological evaluation confirmed testicular sarcoid involvement, showing non-caseating granulomas. Allowing visualization of testicular microvascularisation, CEUS may play an important role in excluding malignancy, avoiding unnecessary aggressive treatment for benign conditions, such as sarcoidosis. A review of the literature of reported cases since 2004 of sarcoidosis involving the testis is also included.
Parapharyngeal Abscesses Caused by Group G Streptococcus
Authors: Shori Tajima, Takashi Anzai, Rina Matsuoka, Hiroko Okada, Takuma Ide, Mitsuhisa Fujimaki, Shota Kaya, Shin Ito, Katsuhisa Ikeda
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Deep neck abscess is a life-threatening infection that causes laryngeal edema and upper airway occlusion. The predominant bacterial species involved in this disorder is group A streptococcus. Group G streptococcus (GGS) constitutes the normal commensal flora of the human upper airway. Although rarely, it can cause pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and peritonsillar abscess. Here, we report a case of a woman with parapharyngeal abscess caused by GGS. A 56-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with complaints of sore throat and cervical swelling, and a diagnosis of parapharyngeal abscess was established. She had upper airway occlusion, requiring urgent tracheostomy. Endoscopic incision and drainage of the abscess using a specially designed, rigid curved laryngoscope was successfully performed. Since a rigid curved laryngoscope creates a wide viewing field and working space, it was useful for incision and drainage of the parapharyngeal abscess.
Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Is Attributed to Skeletal Muscle Hyperplasia
Authors: Yuzo Oyama, Haruto Nishida, Osamu Kobayashi, Kenji Kawano, Kenji Ihara, Tsutomu Daa
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Macroglossia is a common feature in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). The underlying cause of macroglossia in BWS remains unknown, and further histological studies are required to uncover its etiology. We present the case of a 5-year-old girl who was diagnosed with BWS and underwent partial tongue resection for difficulties in articulation and aesthetics. The keyhole-shaped partial resection revealed a harder posterior side than the anterior. Microscopically, the posterior side consisted of dense subepithelial eosinophilic areas composed of an abundance of tightly packed skeletal muscle fibers that were arranged in a fascicular or storiform pattern. BWS-associated macroglossia results from skeletal muscle hyperplasia, consistent with true macroglossia. Therefore, tongue resection may be beneficial for such patients. Further studies are required to develop personalized surgical interventions for each patient with BWS.
L-methylfolate, a new option in psychiatric treatment, would it be linked to psoriasis relapse?
Authors: Rubens Pitliuk, Tatyanny Paula Pinto da Costa Santos Fucci
Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) (2020)
MeSH terms: Depression / drug therapy, Homocystinuria / complications, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / deficiency, Muscle Spasticity / complications, Psoriasis / chemically induced, Quality of Life, Tetrahydrofolates / administration & dosage, Case Reports, Female, Humans, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / genetics, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Psychotic Disorders / complications, Recurrence, Tetrahydrofolates / therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, Tetrahydrofolates, MTHFR protein, human, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency

We report a case of a 61-years-old woman in remission of psoriasis for 20 years. She presented recurrence of psoriasis in the form of plaques few days after taking L-methylfolate 15mg/day. The L-methylfolate was prescribed as an adjuvant for the treatment of depression in a patient with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism (MTHFR).
Case Report: Successful treatment of advanced hepatocarcinoma with the PD-1 inhibitor Camrelizumab
Authors: Wenling Ye, Lihong Cai, Minjie Zhang, Yali Wu, Huina Sun, Yan-Dong Wang, Yubing Xia
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: camrelizumab, pd-1, case report, immune checkpoint inhibitor, primary liver cancer
MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Tumor Microenvironment, camrelizumab, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

Primary liver cancer is characterized by closely related with chronic liver inflammation, thereby reversing hypoxic immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumor cell growth by immunotherapy drug is a potentially effective strategy. Camrelizumab is an anti-PD-1 antibody being developed by Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. We reported a case of an adult critical Chinese patient with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and lung metastasis completely responding to Camrelizumab, most of the lesions were stable and no new lesions occurred after 1-year treatment, which provides us to reconsider the therapeutic effect of Camrelizumab on such patients. Camrelizumab had a safety profile for the patient in our case report, except for the occurrence of RCCEP. This case provides the evidence of the effective antitumor activity and manageable toxicities of Camrelizumab for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, which was the first application as far as we know.
A case of osteophyte excision and arthroscopic arthrodesis for tarsal tunnel syndrome with traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle
Authors: Ichiro Tonogai, Koichi Sairyo
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: ankle, arthroscopic arthrodesis, osteoarthritis, osteophyte, tarsal tunnel syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
There are some reports of tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) entrapment/impingement from bony factors, including exostosis and fragment, but there are no reports on TTS with traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle that were treated with osteophyte excision for TTS and arthroscopic arthrodesis for osteoarthritis of the ankle.
Presentation of case:
A 61-year-old woman with left trimalleolar fracture had undergone surgery 3 years earlier and was referred to our hospital for further investigation of persistent left ankle pain and numbness around the left medial malleolus and plantar aspect of the foot. Clinical examination demonstrated plantar hypesthesia and a positive Tinel's sign at the tarsal tunnel. Imaging showed severe osteoarthritic change in the ankle and an osteophyte of the posteromedial distal tibia that appeared to be impinging on the tibial nerve. We performed arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis, which is less invasive than the open procedure, with removal of the osteophyte as the cause of TTS. Tarsal tunnel exploration revealed a large osteophyte pushing on the tibial nerve, and the osteophyte was removed.
Discussion:
About 8 weeks after surgery, bony union was achieved. At the 2-year follow-up visit, the patient could perform daily activities with almost no pain or numbness. This case offers further insight into the management of TTS with traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle.
Conclusion:
We report here successful treatment of a rare case of tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) accompanied with traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle, treated with osteophyte excision for the TTS and arthroscopic for the osteoarthritis.