OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
An isolated duodenal perforation in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma: a rare but distinct possibility
Authors: Anjan Kumar Dhua, Manoj Joshi
Journal: Burns Trauma (2015)
Keywords: blunt trauma abdomen, duodenorrhaphy, isolated duodenal perforation, pediatric trauma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Isolated duodenal perforation (IDP) in pediatric trauma is rarely reported. Since most of the children with blunt trauma are managed expectantly, timely diagnosis is imperative to avoid morbidity and mortality. We report a case of IDP and emphasize on certain specific clinical features indicating possibility of duodenal injury. We also stress upon the role of early contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CECT) in such cases.
Huge vaginal stone: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jae Yoon Jo, Seon Mi Lee, Jeong Kyu Shin, Won Jun Choi, In Ae Cho
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: primary vaginal calculus, recurrent urinary tract infections (rutis), spastic quadriplegia, struvite, vaginal stone
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary vaginal stones have been rarely reported; the reports that do exist are usually case reports. Because of their low incidence, they are often misdiagnosed. This case report and literature review of a primary vaginal stone presents an assessment of symptoms and common risk factors for vaginal stone formation. A 28-year-old woman with spastic quadriplegia who had been bedridden for most of her life presented to the emergency department for abdominal distension and fever. She had chronic constipation, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), and vaginal discharge. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) was performed and a large stone observed. The vaginal stone was completely removed through the vaginal stump after hysterectomy. Differential diagnoses of vesicovaginal fistula, urethrovaginal fistula, genital anomaly, and ectopic ureter were made by performing several tests using indigo-carmine dye. She recovered from surgery without any complications. There was no recurrence of vaginal stones after 3 months. A biochemical analysis reported that the vaginal stone was 100% struvite. Vaginal stones are caused by repeated infections in an environment in which urine collects gradually. Patients with recurrent UTIs who are bedridden should be able to prevent vaginal stones with periodic gynecological examinations for early diagnosis and management.
Lung Transplantation for Late-Onset Pulmonary Hypertension in a Patient with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Chiara Iacusso, Francesco Morini, Irma Capolupo, Andrea Dotta, Stefania Sgrò, Francesco Parisi, Adriano Carotti, Pietro Bagolan
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2018)
Keywords: congenital diaphragmatic hernia, heart–lung transplantation, lung transplantation, pulmonary hypertension
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) may cause fatal respiratory failure. Lung transplantation (Ltx) may represent an option for CDH-related end-stage pulmonary failure. The aim of this study is to report a patient with CDH who underwent Ltx or combined heart-lung transplantation (H-Ltx). Our patient was born at 33 weeks of gestation, with a prenatally diagnosed isolated left CDH. Twenty-four hours after birth, she underwent surgical repair of a type D defect (according to the CDH Study Group staging system). Postoperative course was unexpectedly uneventful, and she was discharged home at 58 days of life. Echocardiography before discharge was unremarkable. Periodic follow-up revealed gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and initial scoliosis. At the age of 10, she was readmitted for severe PH. Lung function progressively deteriorated, and at the age of 14, she underwent H-Ltx due to end-stage respiratory failure. After discharge, she developed recurrent respiratory tract infections, severe malnutrition, and drug-induced diabetes. Scoliosis and GER progressed, requiring posterior vertebral arthrodesis and antireflux surgery, respectively. Bronchiolitis obliterans further impaired her respiratory function, and though she had a second Ltx, she died at the age of 18, 4 and 1.5 years after the first and the second Ltx, respectively. Late-onset PH is an ominous complication of CDH. From our patient and the six further cases collected from the literature, Ltx may be considered as a last-resource treatment in CDH patients with irreversible and fatal respiratory failure, although its prognosis seems unfair.
On Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Basal Ganglia Injury: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Heela Azizi, Alexander Kilpatrick, Olaniyi Olayinka, Olusegun Poopola, Maleeha Ahmad, Alexa Kahn, Tasmia Khan, Dina Rimawi, Shantale Williams, Sinthuja Jayaraj, Ivan Leung, Sherina Langdon, Mirna Iskander, Ali Chohan, Deepa Nuthalapati, Ulunma Umesi, Geetha Vyas, Ayotomide Oyelakin, Kodjovi Kodjo, Chiedozie Ojimba, Oluwole Jegede, Carolina Nisenoff, Ayodeji Jolayemi
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The basal ganglia have been considered to primarily play a role in motor processing. A growing body of theoretical and clinical evidence shows that in addition to the motor functions the basal ganglia play a key role in perceptual and visual disturbances. This role may be evident in patients with basal ganglia pathology and subsequent manifestation of symptoms that include cognitive, perceptual, and affective disturbances. We present three cases with basal ganglia pathology that demonstrate affective and psychotic symptoms. Two of the cases presented with late onset psychotic disturbances suggesting likely neurological etiologies. The third case presented with treatment refractory psychosis and symptoms that are rare for a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The role of incidental bilateral basal ganglia calcifications in all the cases is discussed. A review of current literature highlighting various neuropsychiatric manifestations of basal ganglia pathologies in various patients with psychiatric symptoms is presented.
Cardioembolic stroke related to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B
Authors: Chih-Hao Chen, Sung-Chun Tang, Yi-Ning Su, Chih-Chao Yang, Jiann-Shing Jeng
Journal: BMC Res Notes (2013)
MeSH terms: Intracranial Embolism / complications, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle / complications, Stroke / complications, Case Reports, Adult, Humans, Intracranial Embolism / genetics, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle / genetics, Stroke / genetics

Background:
Cardioembolic stroke is an under-recognized complication in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1B. Here we present a young stroke patient who had a novel lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutation.
Case presentation:
This is a 39-year-old man who had slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmia since adolescent and a family history of similar manifestation. He sustained acute ischemic stroke in the left middle cerebral artery territory. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy was given with significant neurological improvement. Additionally, genetic sequencing of the LMNA gene of the patient identified a mutation in c.513+1 G>A that resulted in a splicing aberration.
Conclusion:
We suggested that LMNA gene related myopathies should be considered in young stroke patients with long-standing myopathic features.
Shedding of the Pandemic Swine-Origin Influenza A Virus (H1N1) after Oseltamivir Administration
Authors: Leiyun Weng, Qiang Wang, Wei Wang, Peijun Ren, Vincent Deubel, Tetsuya Toyoda
Journal: Influenza Res Treat (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We analyzed the virus shedding of an oseltamivir-treated patient who had been infected with the pandemic swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus which had an oseltamivir-sensitive neuraminidase. The virus was isolated from the pharyngeal swabs of the patient using MDCK cells, and the virus genome RNA was detected in the same samples both by real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR. The virus was isolated until 44 h after oseltamivir administration although the virus genome was detected until one day after oseltamivir treatment was stopped. Due to their high sensitivity, RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR may cause misdiagnosis by detection of viral genome which does not infect, and classical virus isolation and clinical symptoms are recommended for the evaluation of oseltamivir treatment.
Heart of lymphoma: primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma with endomyocardial involvement
Authors: Elisa Rogowitz, Hani M Babiker, Ravitharan Krishnadasan, Clint Jokerst, Thomas P Miller, Michael Bookman
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2013)

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is an uncommon aggressive subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Although PMBCL frequently spreads locally from the thymus into the pleura or pericardium, it rarely invades directly through the heart. Herein, we report a case of a young Mexican female diagnosed with PMBCL with clear infiltration of lymphoma through the cardiac wall and into the right atrium and tricuspid valve leading to tricuspid regurgitation. This was demonstrated by cardiac MRI and transthoracic echocardiogram. In addition, cardiac MRI and CT scan of the chest revealed the large mediastinal mass completely surrounding and eroding into the superior vena cava (SVC) wall causing a collar of stokes. The cardiac and SVC infiltration created a significant therapeutic challenge as lymphomas are very responsive to chemotherapy, and treatment could potentially lead to vascular wall rupture and hemorrhage. Despite the lack of conclusive data on chemotherapy-induced hemodynamic compromise in such scenarios, her progressive severe SVC syndrome and respiratory distress necessitated urgent intervention. In addition to the unique presentation of this rare lymphoma, our case report highlights the safety of R-CHOP treatment.
Burkholderia Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Sreelakshmi Panginikkod, Aishwarya Ramachandran, Pratyusha Bollimunta, Roshanak Habibi, Roshan Kumar Arjal, Venu Gopalakrishnan
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Melioidosis is a frequently fatal infection caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei endemic to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. It is a rare imported pathogen in the United States and is a potential bioterror agent. We report the case of an 82-year-old previously healthy man who presented with 2 weeks of fever and epigastric pain after he returned from the Philippines. A diagnosis of nondissecting mycotic aneurysm in the descending thoracic aorta was made with the help of CT angiogram and positive blood cultures. The patient completely recovered with a 6-month antibiotic therapy followed by surgical repair of the aneurysm. Given the slight increase in the number of melioidosis cases reported by CDC since 2008, melioidosis might be considered an emerging infectious disease in the United States. The purpose of this report is to raise awareness of the disease among clinicians as well as travelers.
Life-Threatening Primary Varicella Zoster Virus Infection With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-Like Disease in GATA2 Haploinsufficiency Accompanied by Expansion of Double Negative T-Lymphocytes
Authors: Seraina Prader, Matthias Felber, Benjamin Volkmer, Johannes Trück, Agnes Schwieger-Briel, Martin Theiler, Lisa Weibel, Sophie Hambleton, Katja Seipel, Stefano Vavassori, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid
Journal: Front Immunol (2018)
Keywords: gata2 deficiency, nk cell abnormalities, tcrγδ t cells, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, primary immumunodeficiencies, varicella-zoster virus
MeSH terms: GATA2 Deficiency / immunology, GATA2 Transcription Factor / immunology, Herpesvirus 3, Human / immunology, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / immunology, T-Lymphocytes / immunology, Varicella Zoster Virus Infection / immunology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Child, Female, GATA2 Deficiency / virology, Humans, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / virology, Male, Pilot Projects, T-Lymphocytes / virology, Varicella Zoster Virus Infection / virology, GATA2 Transcription Factor, GATA2 protein, human

Two unrelated patients with GATA2-haploinsufficiency developed a hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-like disease during a varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection. High copy numbers of VZV were detected in the blood, and the patients were successfully treated with acyclovir and intravenous immunoglobulins. After treatment with corticosteroids for the HLH, both patients made a full recovery. Although the mechanisms leading to this disease constellation have yet to be characterized, we hypothesize that impairment of the immunoregulatory role of NK cells in GATA2-haploinsufficiency may have accentuated the patients' susceptibility to HLH. Expansion of a double negative T-lymphocytic population identified with CyTOF could be a further factor contributing to HLH in these patients. This is the first report of VZV-triggered HLH-like disease in a primary immunodeficiency and the third report of HLH in GATA2-haploinsufficiency. Since HLH was part of the presentation in one of our patients, GATA2-haploinsufficiency represents a potential differential diagnosis in patients presenting with the clinical features of HLH-especially in cases of persisting cytopenia after recovery from HLH.
Implementation of a web-based system to measure, monitor, and promote school engagement strategies. A Chilean experience
Authors: Mahia Saracostti, Ximena de Toro, Andrea Rossi, Laura Lara, María Belen Sotomayor
Journal: Front Psychol (2022)
Keywords: evaluation and strategies, platform evaluation, school engagement, school web system implementation, web-based system

This paper presents the implementation and usability of a technology-based web system and the available evidence on educational engagement's predictive capacity to influence students' educational trajectories in Chilean schools. The web-based system was developed through collaborative work between universities, the information technology team, school communities, and stakeholders (government institutions). It is an online system composed of six steps whose axis is centered on a decision-making space between teachers-students-parents (School Engagement Board) tasked with applying online and scientifically validated school engagement and contextual factors measurement instruments, checking specific report results for each actor involved in the system (teacher, School Engagement Board coordinator, school) as well as reviewing promotion strategies relevant to the school context and managing the implementation of strategies supported by the management datasheets that the model offers to schools. The objective of this paper is to present the usability of the system through a case study of the implementation in Chilean public schools. In order to discuss about what elements should be incorporated to adjust and improve the usability of the system and to guarantee its effective implementation, the paper describes those aspects that have favored and/or hindered the use of this educational technological platform in the Chilean case. The results show that there have been more difficulties related to management aspects than IT aspects, which indicates that these conditions are critical for implementation, even when system for evaluation, monitoring and strategies for the promotion of student engagement and contextual factors (SIESE) is designed for stand-alone use. Although there are aspects to be improved, such as extending its use to other browsers, improving the intervention guidelines and other systems functionalities, this web-based system has been considered by the educational communities as a simple, useful, and intuitive platform. The paper concludes on the importance of having this type of platform in Chile and other Latin American countries, for its contribution to school management -being helpful for day-to-day educational practice- due to the different technical facilitators.
A para-canalicular abscess resembling an inflamed chalazion
Authors: Diamantis Almaliotis, Elias Nakos, Thomas Siempis, Triantafyllia Koletsa, Ioannis Kostopoulos, Maria Chatzipantazi, Vasileios Karampatakis
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2013)

Background. Lacrimal infections by Actinomyces are rare and commonly misdiagnosed for long periods of time. They account for 2% of all lacrimal diseases. Case Report. We report a case of a 70-year-old female patient suffering from a para-canalicular abscess in the medial canthus of the left eye, beside the lower punctum lacrimale, resembling a chalazion. Purulence exited from the punctum lacrimale due to inflammation of the inferior canaliculus (canaliculitis). When pressure was applied to the mass, a second exit of purulence was also observed under the palpebral conjunctiva below the lacrimal caruncle. A surgical excision was performed followed by administration of local antibiotic therapy. The histopathological examination of the extracted mass revealed the existence of actinomycosis. Conclusion. Persistent or recurrent infections and lumps of the eyelids should be thoroughly investigated. Actinomyces as a causative agent should be considered. Differential diagnosis is broad and should include canaliculitis, chalazion, and multiple types of neoplasias. For this reason, in nonconclusive cases, a histopathological examination should be performed.
Docetaxel-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in a Patient with Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Osama Diab, Dan Mcentire, Thamer Kassim, Ali Nayfeh, Abdel Rahman Dajani, Mitchell Kerfeld, Jonathon Campbell, Adbullah Alsuwaidan, Mahmoud Abu Hazeem, Maryam Gbadamosi-Akindele
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Docetaxel is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in a variety of cancer treatment regimens. We present a case of apparent docetaxel-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in a patient recently treated for metastatic prostate cancer. This medication is not classically associated with the development of SJS but in our case, along with a number of other case reports, and a single phase II clinical trial, an association was recognized. We encourage clinicians who employ the use of this medication to be aware of this relationship.
ANCA Associated Vasculitis and Renal Failure Related to Propylthiouracil and Hyperthyroidism Induced Cholestasis in the Same Case
Authors: Mehmet Tuncay, Emine Kivrakoglu, Itir Yegenaga, Erkan Dervisoglu
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2014)

Introduction. Liver involvement due to hyperthyroidism and also ANCA positive vasculitis related renal failure cases were reported separately several times before. However, to our knowledge, these two complications together in the same case had never been observed before. Case Presentation. The case of an ANCA positive 71-year-old Caucasian male with renal failure and lung involvement, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice was presented in this paper. After exclusion of all of the other possibilities, cholestatic hepatitis was explained by subclinical hyperthyroidism; renal failure and lung involvement were interpreted as ANCA related vasculitis which might be a side effect of propylthiouracil use. Conclusion. The coexistence of these rare conditions in the same patient deserves emphasis and it is worth reporting. This case demonstrates that following the clinical course of the patient is essential after prescribing any medications to see whether any complication occurs or not. If the complications of this case were noticed earlier, it would be possible to treat and to prevent the permanent damages.
Clinical Evaluation of Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor Syndrome
Authors: Malaz M Mustafa, M Zakirulla, Ibrahim AlShahrani, Rafi A Togoo, Zuhair M Alkahtani, Tasneem S Ain
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) is a rare dental anomaly. It is estimated to occur in 1 : 50,000 live births. The SMMCI tooth differs from the normal central incisor in that the crown form is symmetric and it develops and erupts precisely in the midline of the maxillary dental arch in both primary and permanent dentitions. The presence of SMMCI with hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a very rare clinical condition. We report a case of SMMCI in a female of African ethnic origin, who presented with SMMCI in permanent dentition with mild nasal stenosis. An early diagnosis of SMMCI is important, since it may be a sign for other severe congenital or developmental abnormalities. Therefore, systematic follow-up and close monitoring of the growth and development of SMMCI patients are crucial.
Live-odds gambling advertising and consumer protection
Authors: Philip W S Newall, Ankush Thobhani, Lukasz Walasek, Caroline Meyer
Journal: PLoS One (2019)
MeSH terms: Advertising, Consumer Advocacy, Gambling / economics, Humans

In-play gambling is a recent innovation allowing gambling to occur during the course of a sporting event, rather than merely before play commences. For years, in-play gambling has been marketed in the UK via adverts displaying current betting odds during breaks in televised soccer, e.g., "England to score in the first 20 minutes, 4-to-1." Previous research shows that this so-called "live-odds" advertising is skewed toward complex events with high profit margins which consumers do not evaluate rationally. Recent UK regulatory guidance on "impulsiveness and urgency," aiming to enhance consumer protection around gambling advertising, states that gambling advertising should not "unduly pressure the audience to gamble." We explored the frequency and content of live-odds advertising over the 2018 soccer World Cup, as a case study of the first major televised sporting event after the publication of this UK regulatory guidance. In total, 69 live-odds adverts were shown over 32 matches (M = 2.16 per-match), by five bookmakers. We identified two key features that made advertised bets appear more urgent than necessary. First, 39.1% of bets could be determined before the match ended. Second, 24.6% of bets showed a recent improvement in odds, including a 15.9% subset of "flash odds," which were limited in both time and quantity. Advertised odds were again skewed toward complex events, with a qualitative trend toward greater complexity than at the previous World Cup. We believe that consumers should be protected against the targeted content of gambling advertising.
Case Report: Behavioral Unresponsiveness in Acute COVID-19 Patients: The Utility of the Motor Behavior Tool-Revised and 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Sergiu Vijiala, Jean-Benoît Epiney, Jane Jöhr, Alessandro Pincherle, Marie M Meyer, Renaud Du Pasquier, John O Prior, Karin Diserens
Journal: Front Neurol (2021)
Keywords: 18f-fdg, covid-19, pet, sars-cov-2, neurological complications, unresponsiveness
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Along with the propagation of COVID-19, emerging evidence reveals significant neurological manifestations in severely infected COVID-19 patients. Among these patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), behavioral unresponsiveness may occur frequently, yet, there are still only a few cases reported and with rare descriptions of their motor behavior after pathological awakening. Several hypotheses regarding central lesions in these patients are conceivable. Here, we describe two acute SARS-CoV-2- infected patients who developed neurological symptoms evoking the condition of clinical cognitive motor dissociation (CMD). This diagnosis could be confirmed first by clinical observation of a dissociation between preserved cognitive abilities and lack of initial motor interaction and second, by performing 18F- FDG PET imaging. Accurate diagnosis led to an appropriate neuro-rehabilitation regimen with long-term neuro-rehabilitation leading to an improved outcome for both patients.