OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Hypermobile Anterior Horn of the Lateral Meniscus: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hirotaka Nakashima, Yasuhiro Takahara, Yoichiro Uchida, Hisayoshi Kato, Satoru Itani, Yoshitaka Tsujimura, Makoto Nakamura, Yuichi Iwasaki
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hypermobile meniscus is known as one of the causes of knee pain and locking or limitation of the range of motion during knee flexion, even when there is no evidence of meniscus tear on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Most such cases show excessive hypermobility of the posterior part of the lateral meniscus. This case report presented a rare case of a hypermobile anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. An 18-year-old woman visited our hospital for left knee pain without trauma. Her physical examination showed a limited range of motion and tenderness in the lateral joint space. However, her MRI did not show any abnormalities. After conservative treatment failed, we performed arthroscopic surgery. The arthroscopic evaluation showed no meniscus and no other intraarticular injury. However, the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was easily translated beyond the lateral condyle by using a probe. Thus, hypermobile anterior horn of the lateral meniscus was diagnosed. The meniscus was stabilized by the outside-in technique. Immediately after surgery, the catching symptom and pain were alleviated. After three-and-a-half months, she returned to work. The Lysholm score improved from 55, preoperatively, to 100, 1-year postoperatively. In conclusion, careful arthroscopic evaluation is essential for the diagnosis of a hypermobile anterior horn of the lateral meniscus. Arthroscopic meniscus stabilization provides a good outcome for hypermobile meniscus.
Prolonged Hemiplegic Migraine Led to Persistent Hyperperfusion and Cortical Necrosis: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yacen Hu, Zhiqin Wang, Lin Zhou, Qiying Sun
Journal: Front Neurol (2021)
Keywords: cortical necrosis, hemiplegic migraine, hyperperfusion, irreversible neurological deficit, patent foramen ovale (pfo)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare subtype of migraine characterized by aura of motor weakness accompanied by visual, sensory, and/or speech symptoms. Aura symptoms usually resolve completely; permanent attack-related deficit and radiographic change were rare. Here, we reported a case presented with progressively aggravated hemiplegic migraine episodes refractory to medication. He experienced two prolonged hemiplegic migraine attacks that led to irreversible visual impairment and cortical necrosis on brain MRI. Multimodal MRI during attack showed persistent vasodilation and hyperperfusion in the affected hemisphere associated with deterioration of clinical symptoms and worsening of brain edema. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) was found on the patient. PFO closure resulted in a significant reduction of HM attacks. This case indicated that prolonged hemiplegic migraine attack could result in irreversible neurological deficit with radiographic changes manifested as cortical necrosis. Persistent hyperperfusion might be an important factor contributing to prolonged attack and persistent attack-related neurological deficit. We recommend screening for PFO in patients with prolonged or intractable hemiplegic migraine, for that closure of PFO might alleviate the attacks thus preventing the patient from disabling sequelae.
Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides in type v skin: a report of 5 cases
Authors: Ranthilaka R Ranawaka, Priyanka H Abeygunasekara, M V Chandu de Silva
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Five patients with type V skin were studied to describe the clinical manifestations, pathological features, and treatment response in hypopigmented mycosis fungoides (HMF). The mean age of patients was 22.4 years at diagnosis, with a mean of 36 months of diagnostic delay. Two were children aged 11 and 13 years. Skin patches were limited to sunlight-covered body areas. In tropical climate, exposure to natural sunlight possibly cured the lesions on sun-exposed areas at early stage of onset. HMF may frequently be misinterpreted as eczema, vitiligo, or progressive macular hypomelanosis clinically and histopathologically as seen in our case series.
Ascites in a Young Woman: A Rare Presentation of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis
Authors: Carina Santos, Francisco Morgado, Celestina Blanco, João Parreira, João Costa, Lara Rodrigues, Luís Marfull, Patrícia Cardoso
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare idiopathic disease that can affect one or more organs of the digestive tract. It has an estimated incidence of 1-20 cases per 100,000 patients. Klein et al. classified EGE into 3 subtypes: predominant mucosal, muscular, or subserosal.
Clinical case:
We report a case of a 32-year-old woman, who presented with diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, postprandial infarction, diarrhea, and moderate ascites of three-week evolution. The rest of physical examination did not show alterations. The past medical history was unremarkable. Laboratory test results revealed peripheral blood eosinophilia. Abdominal CT scan revealed diffuse and concentric parietal thickening of the distal 2/3 of esophagus, moderate volume ascites, and small bowel wall thickening and distension on the left quadrants. The paracentesis revealed 93.3% of eosinophils. The colon biopsies evidenced an increase in the number of eosinophils. Secondary causes of eosinophilia were excluded. The patient was treated with oral prednisolone 40 mg/day with immediate clinical and analytical improvement.
Conclusion:
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare condition with a nonspecific and highly variable clinical presentation, which requires a high level of clinical suspicion. It is a diagnosis of exclusion. Secondary causes of eosinophilia such as intestinal tuberculosis, parasitosis, and malignant neoplasms should be excluded.
Successful Pregnancy and Delivery in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia while on Dasatinib Therapy
Authors: Monika Conchon, Sabri S Sanabani, Mariana Serpa, Mafalda M Y Novaes, Luciana Nardinelli, Patrícia B Ferreira, Pedro Enrique Dorliac-Llacer, Israel Bendit
Journal: Adv Hematol (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Here we report the case of an 18-year-old woman with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who became pregnant while undergoing treatment with dasatinib. Before pregnancy, she received imatinib mesylate therapy but could not tolerate the treatment. The regimen was then changed to dasatinib at a dose of 70 mg b.i.d. While she was in hematological remission and on dasatinib therapy, she became pregnant. The unplanned pregnancy was identified after the patient had experienced four weeks of amenorrhea. Because the patient elected to continue the pregnancy to term, dasatinib was stopped immediately. Meanwhile, CML hematological relapse occurred and then she was treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) (9 million IU/day) throughout the pregnancy without a complete hematological response. She successfully gave birth to a male baby at 33 weeks by cesarean section delivery with no sequelae or malformations. Although this experience is limited to a single patient, it provides a useful contribution for counselling patients inadvertently exposed to dasatinib during pregnancy.
Extraction of Fish Bones Embedded in the Esophagus via Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Two Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Dan Lu, Lu Lv, Qing Gu, Ajay Jain, Björn Berglund, Feng Ji
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: case report, endoscopic submucosal dissection, esophagus, foreign body, migration
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Foreign body ingestion is a common problem encountered at gastroenterology clinics and emergency rooms which can cause serious complications. Usually, foreign bodies are directly visible with flexible endoscopes and can be readily removed. However, when foreign bodies migrate into the deeper tissue of the esophagus, surgery is typically required. There is currently no consensus regarding the best treatment. In this report, we present two cases in which fish bones embedded in the submucosal and muscularis propria of the esophagus were successfully removed via endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Both patients were discharged without any complications.
An Unusual Case of Lower Extremity Clear Cell Hidradenocarcinoma
Authors: Marc Rafols, Odille Mejia, Kei Shing Oh, Blake Bendixen, Irving Jorge, Sumana Narayanan
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hidradenocarcinoma (HC) is a rare malignant sweat gland tumor with metastatic potential primarily located in the head, neck, and trunk. We present an unusual case of a large lower extremity Clear Cell HC managed with surgical resection and adjuvant locoregional radiation after excluding lymph node involvement.
KMT2C mutation is a diagnostic molecular marker for primary thyroid osteosarcoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Xinpei Wang, Qianqian Wang, Peng Su, Chunyan Chen, Bo Han, Zhiyan Liu
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: kmt2c, satb2, mutation, osteosarcoma, thyroid
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary thyroid osteosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor which is associated with a poor prognosis. In this study, we describe an additional case. A 4.5 × 3.8 cm irregular heterogeneous nodule was examined in the left thyroid gland of a 72-year-old woman. Cytological smears and histopathological specimens showed typical features of osteosarcoma with a neoplastic lesion rich in spindle cells with occasional multinucleated cells and lace-like osteoid matrix. Negative immunoreaction with epithelial markers and positive immunoreaction with SATB2 and low Ki-67 labeling index suggested the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Multiple KMT2C gene mutations determined by next-generation sequencing further confirmed the diagnosis.
A success story leading us to think big!
Authors: Jasmine Kamboj, Rahul Kamboj, Tejas Shah, Pam Khosla
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Immune dysregulation is the hallmark of all autoimmune diseases. It is extremely interesting to study the associations and pathogenesis of the various autoimmune diseases, like the link between the AIHA and CLL. This link is well established and is based on the fact that there is loss of tolerance to the self-antigen, which in turn leads to immunebased hemolytic anemia. Around 30% of the patients with CLL are at the risk of developing AIHA, and 11% eventually develop AIHA. Whether there is any definite linkup between the corrupted immune system and "acute" leukemias/lymphomas is yet to be established. Needless to say, if there was an association between the pathogenesis of the ALLs and AIHA, it would be a landmark in the field of oncology as it would enforce early diagnosis and treatment for the disease which is much more aggressive and found in a comparatively younger age group (predominantly in children and a mean age of 40 years in adults) as compared to its chronic counterparts. The AIHA would serve as a "tip to the underlying iceberg" in these situations, warning us of the cryptic diagnosis.
Sacral fracture causing neurogenic bladder: a case report
Authors: Tatsuro Sasaji, Noboru Yamada, Kazuo Iwai
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 76-year-old man presented with a Denis Zone III sacral fracture after a traffic accident. He also developed urinary retention and perineal numbness. The patient was diagnosed with neurogenic bladder dysfunction caused by the sacral fracture. A computed tomogram (CT) revealed that third sacral lamina was fractured and displaced into the spinal canal, but vertebral body did not displace. The fracture lines began at the center of lamina and extended bilateraly. The fracture pattern was unique. The sacrum was osteoporosis, and this fracture may be based on osteoporosis. We performed laminectomy to decompress sacral nerve roots. One month after surgery, the patient was able to urinate. Three months after surgery, his bladder function recovered normally. One year after surgery, he returned to a normal daily life and had no complaints regarding urination. One-year postoperative CT showed the decompressed third sacrum without displacement.
Concomitant Transverse Myelitis and Acute Axonal Sensory-Motor Neuropathy in an Elderly Patient
Authors: L M Oliveira, R G Cury, L H Castro, R Nitrini
Journal: Case Reports Immunol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Diagnosing concomitant transverse myelitis (TM) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) can be challenging. We report a case of an elderly patient presenting with acute sensory and motor disturbances in the four limbs, associated with urinary retention, ophthalmoparesis, facial weakness, and dysarthria. Electrodiagnostic studies were consistent with acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), and imaging showed a longitudinally extensive tumefactive contrast-enhancing hyperintense spinal cord lesion extending from T6 to the cone. Concomitant AMSAN and TM have not been previously reported in the elderly. Comorbid TM and other GBS variants have been previously reported. Intravenous methylprednisolone, plasma exchange, cyclophosphamide, or combination therapies are usually used, although there are no randomized controlled studies regarding treatment choices.
COVID-19 infection as a trigger for new-onset type 1 diabetes in a susceptible individual - or just coincidence?
Authors: Robert Kästner, Igor Alexander Harsch
Journal: GMS Hyg Infect Control (2021)
Keywords: covid-19, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: The cytotoxic effects of COVID-19 raise the question of a possible relation between COVID-19 infection and new-onset type 1 diabetes. We report the case of an eight-year-old boy with new-onset type 1 diabetes and an asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. Case presentation: The eight-year-old boy was hospitalized on December 18th, 2020 due to increased polyuria during the preceding 1 week. Type 1 diabetes was diagnosed with autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatase and insulin. The Hba1c value was 11.6%. Upon admission, the PCR test for COVID-19 was positive, the duration of the infection was not clear due to the asymptomatic course, and antibodies were initially negative. Significantly elevated antibodies against COVID-19 were detected 15 days later. Conclusion: The laboratory findings led us to the hypothesis that the boy already had an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases (HLA DR3-DQB1*02:01 and DR4-DQB1*03:02 positive). The Hba1c value allows speculation that the diabetes manifestation was already "on the way" and that a relatively recent COVID-19 infection could have accelerated the process. The findings are in contrast to a recent report in which COVID-19 infection preceded the manifestation of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by about 5-7 weeks. Due to the paucity of reports, cases with a suspected connection between diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 infection should be entered into the CoviDiab registry (https://covidiab.e-dendrite.com).
A patient with unilateral tibial aplasia and accessory scrotum: a pure coincidence or nonfortuitous association?
Authors: Zoran Gucev, Marco Castori, Velibor Tasic, Nada Popjordanova, Arijeta Hasani
Journal: Case Rep Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tibial aplasia is an uncommon lower limb malformation that can occur isolated or be part of a more complex malformation pattern. We describe a 9-year-old boy born after uneventful pregnancy and delivery. Family history was negative for maternal diabetes and other malformations. The patient presented with left tibial aplasia and homolateral prexial foot polydactyly. He also displayed enamel dysplasia and bifid scotum with cryptorchidism. Literature review failed to identify a significant syndromic association between lower limb defects of the tibial type and the genital anomalies reported here. The combination of tibial aplasia with midline genital malformations further supports the hypothesis that the tibial ray development mirrors the morphogenetic process of the radial structures. Accordingly, the malformation pattern observed in the present patient may be pathogenetically explained by an insult occurring during late blastogenesis.
Pontine Myopericytoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Maoyuan Guo, Xue Chen, Gaofeng Zhang, Yongpeng Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: mri, case report, intracranial tumor, myopericytoma, pons
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Myopericytoma (MPC) is a benign soft tissue tumor that develops from perivascular myoid cells and is part of the perivascular tumor group. MPC most commonly occurs in the subcutaneous soft tissues of the extremities, while intracranial MPC is remarkably rare. Herein, we report the case of a 45-year-old woman with myopericytoma who had a 2-week history of recurrent dizziness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an irregular mass in the pons, with nodular enhancement of the mass on contrast-enhanced scans. The mass was considered a vascular lesion and was highly suspected to be a hemangioblastoma, prompting surgical intervention for the patient. The postoperative pathological report corrected the initial diagnosis, hemangioblastoma, to MPC. Intracranial MPC is extremely rare and there are no detailed imaging sources for this condition; furthermore, MPC occurrence in the pons has not been reported previously. This report presents the etiological characteristics intracranial MPC as visualized through MRI data alongside a comparative discussion on other reported diagnoses that resemble MPC. The case findings will provide a more widespread understanding for radiologists regarding the differential diagnosis of intracranial blood-rich supply lesions.
Perforated peptic duodenal ulcer in a paraesophageal hernia--a case report of a rare surgical emergency
Authors: Mikael Ekelund, Else Ribbe, Julian Willner, Thomas Zilling
Journal: BMC Surg (2006)
MeSH terms: Duodenal Ulcer / complications, Hernia, Hiatal / complications, Peptic Ulcer Perforation / surgery, Case Reports, Abdominal Pain / etiology, Aged, Drainage, Duodenal Ulcer / surgery, Emergencies, Follow-Up Studies, Hernia, Hiatal / surgery, Humans, Laparotomy, Male, Peptic Ulcer Perforation / diagnosis, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome

Background:
Paraesophageal hernias are quite common and sometimes feared due to the risk of incarceration and strangulation of any herniated organ. The hereby reported combination of an incarcerated paraesophageal hernia containing a perforated peptic ulcer is extremely rare.
Case presentation:
An elderly man with multiple medical conditions was admitted due to severe upper abdominal pain. The patient was found to have a paraesophageal hernia and underwent a laparotomy. In the hernia, a perforated benign peptic duodenal ulcer was found. The duodenal defect was over-sewn, the hernial defect was closed and the former hernial cavity was drained by a right-sided chest tube. The patient was discharged one month after surgery and was found to do well at follow-up one month after discharge.
Conclusion:
This is the first report of a patient surviving the extremely rare and life-threatening combination of a perforated peptic duodenal ulcer in a paraesophageal hernia.
Addition of clobazam successfully treating drug resistant seizures in Heidenhain variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease: A case report
Authors: Jason M Maille, Sebastian S Hanna, Darshan N Shah
Journal: Epilepsy Behav Rep (2023)
Keywords: benzodiazepine, clobazam, creutzfeldt jakob disease, heidenhain variant, rt-quic, seizure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease that is uncommonly accompanied with seizures. In this case report, we describe a 63-year-old male patient who presented with a 3-week history of visual disturbances and clonic movement of his left arm. Additionally, the patient was reported to have developed erratic behaviors along with insomnia during this period. An EEG showed 4 electrographic seizures of bilateral temporo-occipital onset characterized by 1.5 Hz periodic discharges, lasting 2-13 min. Levetiracetam was started and titrated to the maximal dose however seizures continued so lacosamide and clonazepam were initiated. Despite these aggressive treatments, seizures continued, and oral clobazam 5 mg BID replaced clonazepam. Continued electrographic seizures warranted an increase in clobazam to 10 mg BID after which the seizures stopped; of note, lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs) remained. The patient's symptoms were consistent with the Heidenhain variant, along with probable CJD due to positive RT-QuIC assay, positive 14-3-3 protein, MRI FLAIR hyperintensities, and EEG findings. Although the patient passed away 3 weeks following admission as a result of CJD, we propose that there may be clinical benefit in the use of clobazam in suspected CJD patients presenting with seizures, and its use merits further investigation.
Percutaneous liver biopsy after living donor liver transplantation resulting in fulminant hepatic failure: the first reported case of hepatic compartment syndrome
Authors: Nicholas N Nissen, Stephen A Geller, Andrew Klein, Steve Colquhoun, David Yamini, Tram T Tran, Benjamin Weinberg, Julie Winn, Fred Poordad
Journal: J Transplant (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 28-year-old female who underwent live donor liver transplantation 3 years prior presented after percutaneous liver biopsy with abdominal and shoulder pain, nausea, vomiting, and elevated liver enzymes. Computed tomography (CT) showed an intrahepatic and subcapsular hematoma. There was a progressive increase in liver enzymes, bilirubin, and INR and a decline in hemoglobin. Subsequent CT imaging revealed flattening of the portal vein consistent with compression by the enlarging hematoma. Liver failure ensued and the patient required urgent retransplantation. The explant demonstrated ischemic necrosis of greater than 90% of the liver parenchyma. We report this case of "Hepatic Compartment Syndrome" leading to fulminant hepatic failure.
Low-dose tolvaptan for the treatment of dilutional hyponatremia in cirrhosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Guo Shen, Hainv Gao
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2014)

Dilutional hyponatremia is common in decompensated cirrhosis and can be successfully treated by tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist. Data were lacking regarding the effects of tolvaptan on cirrhotic patients with a Child-Pugh score of >10 and a serum sodium concentration of <120 mmol/L. We report a case of forties man with a 20-year history of chronic hepatitis B presenting with yellow urine and skin. Laboratory tests demonstrated prolonged prothrombin time, markedly elevated total bilirubin, severe hyponatremia, and a Child-Pugh score of >10. The patient was diagnosed with dilutional hyponatremia and was treated with recommended dosage tolvaptan at first. The serum concentration of sodium recover but the patient felt obviously thirsty. As the dosage of tolvaptan was decreased accordingly from 15 mg to 5 mg, the patient still maintained the ideal concentration of serum sodium. This case emphasizes that cirrhotic patient with higher Child-Pugh scores and serum sodium concentration of <120 mmol/L can be treated with lower dose of tolvaptan.