OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Pseudomembranous Colitis Presenting with Pleural Effusion and Ascites with Literature Review
Authors: Hossain Salehi, Amir Mohammad Salehi
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Clostridium difficile infection usually results from long-term and irregular antibiotic intake. The high-risk individuals for this infection include the patients undergoing chemotherapy due to malignancy, immunocompromised patients, and hospitalized patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics. The most common clinical manifestation of Clostridium difficile infection is diarrhea. However, pleural effusion and ascites have rarely been observed. As mentioned, these manifestations can be developed in a patient being treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Therefore, the present study reports a rare case of Clostridium difficile infection manifesting with these rare manifestations who was a 78-year-old female patient with a history of COVID-19, orthopedic surgery, and antibiotic treatment with cefixime and gentamicin.
Usefulness of Endoscopic Managements in Patients with Ceftriaxone-Induced Pseudolithiasis Causing Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Yasuhiro Doi, Yasushi Takii, Hiroyuki Ito, Norihiko Jingu, Kentaro To, Sinichiro Kimura, Koichi Kimura, Kensaku Sanefuji, Hirofumi Ikeda, Sayaka Tachibana, Takeshi Otsuka
Journal: Case Rep Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ceftriaxone (CTRX) is known to cause reversible biliary stones/sludge, which is called biliary pseudolithiasis. We report two rare cases of biliary obstruction by pseudolithiasis shortly after completing CTRX treatment. Stones and sludge, which had not been detected before CTRX administration, appeared in the gallbladder and common bile duct and led to biliary obstruction and acute cholangitis. The obstructions were successfully treated with endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and endoscopic sphincterotomy. CTRX-induced biliary pseudolithiasis has been reported mainly in children and adolescents but is also seen in adults with similar incidence rate. Although CTRX-induced biliary pseudolithiasis is usually asymptomatic and disappears spontaneously after discontinuing the drug, some patients develop biliary obstruction. Endoscopic managements should be considered in such cases.
Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for posterior ring apophyseal fracture accompanied with lumbar disc herniation in a 12-year pediatric diver: a case report
Authors: Hui Wu, Sikuan Zheng, Dingwen He, Xigao Cheng
Journal: Childs Nerv Syst (2023)
Keywords: pediatric, posterior ring apophysis fracture
MeSH terms: Diskectomy, Percutaneous / methods, Intervertebral Disc Displacement / surgery, Case Reports, Child, Diskectomy, Endoscopy / methods, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome

Posterior ring apophysis fracture (PRAF), accompanied with lumbar disc herniation (LDH), is a rare occurrence. Owing to its rarity, there is no consensus on the treatment strategy for this condition. Differences mainly encompass the type of decompression method, the need for additional spinal fusion, the need for apophysis fragments or/and disc materials removal, and long-term efficacy, particularly, compared to LDH alone. Hence, the aim of this study was to describe a rare instance of PRAF with LDH in a 12-year-old professional diver, who was successfully treated with percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID), and to initiate a discussion involving several meaningful and related factors.
The use of temozolomide in paediatric metastatic phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Calum Urquhart, Ben Fleming, Ines Harper, Luigi Aloj, Ruth Armstrong, Liz Hook, Anna-May Long, Claire Jackson, Ferdia A Gallagher, Mary A McLean, Patrick Tarpey, Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis, James Nicholson, A Emile J Hendriks, Ruth T Casey
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: sdhb = sdh enzyme complex subunit b, paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma, succinate dehydrogenase (sdh), temozolomide
MeSH terms: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / drug therapy, Brain Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Paraganglioma / drug therapy, Paraganglioma / genetics, Pheochromocytoma / genetics, Review, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Temozolomide / therapeutic use, Temozolomide, copper dotatate CU-64

There is increasing evidence to support the use of temozolomide therapy for the treatment of metastatic phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) in adults, particularly in patients with SDHx mutations. In children however, very little data is available. In this report, we present the case of a 12-year-old female with a SDHB-related metastatic paraganglioma treated with surgery followed by temozolomide therapy. The patient presented with symptoms of palpitations, sweating, flushing and hypertension and was diagnosed with a paraganglioma. The primary mass was surgically resected six weeks later after appropriate alpha- and beta-blockade. During the surgery extensive nodal disease was identified that had been masked by the larger paraganglioma. Histological review confirmed a diagnosis of a metastatic SDHB-deficient paraganglioma with nodal involvement. Post-operatively, these nodal lesions demonstrated tracer uptake on 18F-FDG PET-CT. Due to poor tumour tracer uptake on 68Ga-DOTATATE and 123I-MIBG functional imaging studies radionuclide therapy was not undertaken as a potential therapeutic option for this patient. Due to the low tumour burden and lack of clinical symptoms, the multi-disciplinary team opted for close surveillance for the first year, during which time the patient continued to thrive and progress through puberty. 13 months after surgery, evidence of radiological and biochemical progression prompted the decision to start systemic monotherapy using temozolomide. The patient has now completed ten cycles of therapy with limited adverse effects and has benefited from a partial radiological and biochemical response.
First Experience with Fluorescence in Pediatric Laparoscopy
Authors: Beatriz Fernández-Bautista, David Peláez Mata, Alberto Parente, Ramón Pérez-Caballero, Juan Carlos De Agustín
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2019)
Keywords: fluorescence, indocyanine green, laparoscopy, minimally invasive surgery, thoracoscopy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background The use of intraoperative fluorescence images with indocyanine green (ICG) has recently been described as an aid in decision-making during surgical procedures in adults. We present our first experiences with different laparoscopic procedures performed in children using ICG fluorescence images. Material and Method We have used ICG fluorescence imaging technique in varicocele ligation, two nephrectomies, cholecystectomy, and one case of aortocoronary fistula closure. All procedures were performed through a minimally invasive approach. A high definition camera equipped with a visible infrared light source and gray-scale vision technology was used. After injection of ICG before or during the laparoscopic procedure, precise identification of vascular anatomy and bile duct architecture were easily identified. Fluorescence helped to assess blood flow from the spermatic vessels, define the variability of renal vascularization, and determine the precise location of the aortocoronary fistula. Biliary excretion of the ICG allowed the definition of the biliary tract. Conclusion Fluorescein-assisted images allowed a clear definition of the anatomy and safe surgical maneuvers during surgical procedures. The ICG imaging system seems to be simple and safe. Larger and more specific studies are needed to confirm its applicability, expand its indications, and address its advantages and disadvantages.
Acute purulent mediastinitis with sequential bilateral pleural empyema caused by neck trauma: A unique occurrence, a case report
Authors: Abdoulhossein Davoodabadi, Hamidreza Entezari, Hamidreza Talari, Ebrahim Razi
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: acute mediastinitis, blunt neck trauma, descending necrotizing mediastinitis, pericardial thickening, pneumomediastinum

Background:
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) due to blunt trauma is very rare form of mediastinitis that can rapidly progress to septicemia and multi organ failure, in spite of optimal surgical management.
Case presentation:
We report a 28-year-old patient, previously healthy man, with acute descending necrotizing mediastinitis and late sequential bilateral pleural empyema, caused by blunt neck trauma. Although after admission, the course of his illness was complicated with septic shock, homodynamic instability, renal and pulmonary insufficiency, however he survived with on time diagnosis, aggressive surgical intervention, appropriate antibiotics administration and optimal management in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Conclusions:
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis due to blunt neck trauma is a rare occurrence, but can lead to late sequential bilateral empyema even after 18 days. With early diagnosis, aggressive drainage and antibiotic therapy, the patient life can be saved. The lesson we took from this case is that: 1- blunt neck trauma rarely leads to descending necrotizing mediastinitis and late sequential empyema (even after 18 days). 2- If the patient does not recover from sepsis, despite optimal surgical management, contra lateral empyema or pericarditis should be considered.
Bladder cavernous hemangioma after pelvic radiotherapy in a female patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Xinming Hu, Kangli Deng
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: bladder carvenous hemangioma, case report, hematuria, radiotherapy, transurethral resection

Introduction:
Hemangiomas are benign tumor formations of capillaries and blood vessels which are commonly found in various organs. However they are extremely rare in urinary bladder accounting for only 0.6% of all urinary bladder tumors. The differentiating of these benign tumors from malignant neoplasms are important since they have extremely different prognostic features as well as therapeutic strategies. Here we reported a female patient diagnosed with bladder cavernous hemangioma (BCH) after recent pelvic radiotherapy for the cervical cancer and reviewed relevant literatures.
Case presentation:
We reported a case of 49 years old female patient with persistent painless hematuria for 12 days. Computed tomography revealed a small lesion on the superior wall of the urinary bladder with acute clot retention. Cystoscopy confirmed a solid papillary pedunculated mass with a measuring of 1.0 × 0.5 cm located on the superior posterior wall and surrounded by distended vessels. Transurethral resection of the mass was then performed and the pathological report indicated a cavernous hemangioma of the urinary bladder. In a one and half year follow-up, no tumor recurrence or bleeding was found.
Conclusions:
The cavernous hemangioma in urinary bladder is rare and cystoscopic is a gold standard for diagnosis. Treatment options are vary for individuals and pathologic findings are vital for differentiating it from malignant potential tumors. A history of cancer related radiation therapy seems to be a risk factor for BCH.
Choice of Aspiration Prevention Surgery for Patients With Neuromuscular Disorders: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Mitsuhiko Katoh, Rumi Ueha, Taku Sato, Shunichi Sugasawa, Takao Goto, Akihito Yamauchi, Tatsuya Yamasoba
Journal: Front Surg (2019)
Keywords: aspiration prevention surgery, dysphagia, neuromuscular disorders, quality of life, upper esophageal sphincter opening during swallowing
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Dysphagia, one of the major complications of neuromuscular diseases such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), decreases quality of life and may lead to malnutrition or aspiration pneumonia. Although recent reports have suggested that surgical aspiration prevention improves quality of life and enables oral intake, the selection of appropriate aspiration prevention techniques has rarely been discussed. In this report, we present the cases of three patients with neuromuscular diseases who underwent surgical aspiration prevention; we selected the surgical techniques based on analysis of the dysphagia mechanisms, disease progression, and general condition in each case. Case 1 was a 55-year-old man with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and presented with dysphagia associated with insufficient upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation. We performed central-part laryngectomy, which was able to improve UES relaxation. Case 2 was a 79-year-old man with progressive supranuclear palsy who presented with respiratory disorder and dysphagia. Glottic closure under local anesthesia was selected because he also had acute hepatobiliary dysfunction and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia with pleural effusion. Case 3 was a 75-year-old man with ALS and presented with respiratory disorder and mild dysphagia. Subglottic closure with total cricoidectomy was selected because his dysphagia was expected to worsen due to tracheostomy and disease progression. We also summarize the characteristics of the aspiration prevention surgical techniques based on our cases and on literature review. The causes of dysphagia, including insufficient UES opening during swallowing, weak pharyngeal constriction, velopharyngeal insufficiency, and inadequate laryngeal elevation, should be assessed by detailed examination before surgery, and the type of aspiration prevention surgery should be selected based on patient swallowing function and general condition.
A one-sheath inverse method in vascular access intervention therapy for hemodialysis patients
Authors: Tsuyoshi Takashima, Yasunori Nonaka, Yui Nakashima, Eriko Nonaka, Yuki Ikeda, Makoto Fukuda, Hiroshi Jinnouchi, Shuichi Rikitake, Motoaki Miyazono, Yuji Ikeda
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2019)
Keywords: arteriovenous fistula (avf), hemodialysis, one-sheath inverse method, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (pta), vascular access (va), vascular access intervention therapy (vaivt)

Introduction:
Vascular access intervention therapy (VAIVT) is an essential interventional therapy in the field of hemodialysis therapy that allows for the long-term vascular access functionality to be maintained. The venous approach is often performed in VAIVT for arteriovenous fistula. When lesions are present on the upstream and downstream sides from the approach site, it is likely that two sheaths will be inserted from two facing punctures. However, we have adopted a one-sheath inverse method using a guidewire in such cases.
Case presentation:
We herein describe the steps of the technique that we have performed and report the successful treatment of a 77-year-old woman who developed arteriovenous fistula failure.
Discussion:
To the best of our knowledge, the concrete and detailed technique has not been reported in the English literature to date. The merit of the technique is that it allows VAIVT to be performed using one sheath with one approach site in cases in which lesions are present on the upstream and downstream sides from the approach site. The other benefits include pain reduction, a shortened operation time, and reduced costs. Because vascular access location is usually superficial, the technique can be utilized with relative ease.
Conclusion:
A one-sheath inverse method is useful. We hope that the technique will be more widely recognized, allowing the technique to be applied to more cases.
Complications in the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma in patients with systemic sclerosis: A case report
Authors: Ales Coček, Ales Hahn, Miloslav Ambruš, Marie Valešová
Journal: Oncol Lett (2015)
Keywords: autoimmune diseases, oropharyngeal carcinoma, systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis is a chronic, progressive disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The incidence of malignant tumors in patients with systemic sclerosis is increased when compared with that of the general population. In certain malignancies, systemic sclerosis presents as a paraneoplastic process. The symptoms of sclerosis in the organs of the head and neck often overlap with symptoms of malignant diseases, which may increase the difficulty of a differential diagnosis. Additionally, the presence of sclerosis may complicate standard examination procedures, due to poor access to the oral cavity and oropharynx. When considering treatment options, it is important to evaluate the surgical and oncological risks to soft tissues of the head and neck with regard to both diseases, as well as the relatively poor prognosis for systemic sclerosis and oropharyngeal cancer. The low incidence of patients with systemic sclerosis and oropharyngeal carcinoma together presents a clear case for a casuistic approach. Based upon our own experience, we can attest to the difficulty of treating such patients. However, we have no evidence to indicate that these patients have reduced tolerance to surgical treatments. The current study presents the case of a 47-year-old female with systemic sclerosis, who was diagnosed with oropharyngeal carcinoma. The patient initially tolerated radiotherapy treatment well, however post-radiotherapy complications occurred. Despite many enigmatic indications to the contrary, it appears that the complications in this instance may be due to late toxicity from radiotherapy.
A Rare Case of Flare-Up of PID in Infertility Treatment
Authors: Leena Wadhwa, Sanjana N Wadhwa, Sunita Jindal
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2015)

Case Presentation. Mrs. X, 35 years old, case of primary infertility, was diagnosed to have genital tuberculosis on the basis of PCR positive and hysterolaparoscopy findings and received category I ATT for 6 months. Following ATT completion, her USG revealed no evidence of tuboovarian mass or hydrosalpinx. Since her tubes were patent, she underwent 3 cycles of ovulation induction and 2 cycles of IUI. The women presented with acute PID, five days after IUI, and was conservatively managed. She again presented 24 days after IUI with persistent low grade fever and abdominal pain. Suspecting relapse of genital tuberculosis, she was started on category II ATT. She had acute episodes of high grade fever with chills 2 weeks after starting ATT and MRI revealed bilateral TO masses suggestive of pyosalpinx. Emergency laparotomy was done, pus was drained, and cyst wall was removed and HPE was suggestive of chronic inflammation with few granulation tissues. ATT was continued for one year and the woman improved. Conclusion. The possibility of flare-up of PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) in treated case of tuberculosis undergoing infertility management should be kept in mind and aggressive management should be done.
Giant Paraganglioma Complicated With Catecholamine Crisis and Catecholamine Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Xiangping Ma, Zhen Chen, Peng Xia, Chunmei Zhang, Keqiang Yan, Yidong Fan, Yingli Wang, Yun Ti, Peili Bu
Journal: Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: case report, catecholamine cardiomyopathy, catecholamine crisis, giant paraganglioma, heart failure
MeSH terms: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / complications, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / diagnosis, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / surgery, Cardiomyopathies / etiology, Paraganglioma / complications, Paraganglioma / surgery, Pheochromocytoma / complications, Pheochromocytoma / diagnosis, Pheochromocytoma / surgery, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review, Catecholamines, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Catecholamines

Background:
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors which overproduce catecholamines. Heart failure and myocardial infarction caused by paraganglioma complicated with catecholamine crisis are the most common causes of death in PPGL patients before surgery. When giant paraganglioma is complicated with catecholamine crisis, treatment brooks no delay.
Case summary:
A 49-year-old man had episodic sweating, tachycardia with irregular pulse, and headaches 5 days before, and then showed up with chest pain and wheezing for 1 day. Meanwhile, he developed symptoms of recurrent severe abdominal pain and loss of consciousness, and his blood pressure was severely unstable (from 70/40 to 300/200 mmHg). First, the electrocardiogram showed ventricular tachycardia, and then we noticed the waves of ST-segment elevation, but we did not find significant abnormalities in coronary angiography. Abdominal CT and MRI revealed a giant lesion with bleeding or infection in the retroperitoneal adrenal area. These imaging findings were confirmed during surgery, and there was vascular adhesion between the retroperitoneal tumor and the inferior vena cava and left and right renal vein. After the successful resection of the tumor, postoperative pathology confirmed paraganglioma, and the patient pulled through and was discharged quickly.
Discussion:
This is a rare case of giant paraganglioma complicated with catecholamine crisis and catecholamine cardiomyopathy. We can diagnosis this disease greatly by elevated norepinephrine, and it is a gold biochemical standard at present. Standard treatment is surgical resection, which is effective in treating this rare neuroendocrine tumor.
Giant Hydatid Cyst within a Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the Lung
Authors: Yogesh Kumar Sarin, Shalini Sinha, Anju Romina Bhalotra, Nita Khurana, Parul Sobti
Journal: APSP J Case Rep (2013)
Keywords: congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, hydatid cyst, pericystectomy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A case of hydatid cyst within a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) of the right lower lobe of lung in an 8-year-old girl is reported. Presence of CCAM was confirmed on histopathology of the lung tissue attached to the specimen.
An extended case study on the phenomenology of sequence-space synesthesia
Authors: Cassandra Gould, Tom Froese, Adam B Barrett, Jamie Ward, Anil K Seth
Journal: Front Hum Neurosci (2014)
Keywords: case study, conscious experience, elicitation interview, phenomenology, sequence-space synesthesia

Investigation of synesthesia phenomenology in adults is needed to constrain accounts of developmental trajectories of this trait. We report an extended phenomenological investigation of sequence-space synesthesia in a single case (AB). We used the Elicitation Interview (EI) method to facilitate repeated exploration of AB's synesthetic experience. During an EI the subject's attention is selectively guided by the interviewer in order to reveal precise details about the experience. Detailed analysis of the resulting 9 h of interview transcripts provided a comprehensive description of AB's synesthetic experience, including several novel observations. For example, we describe a specific spatial reference frame (a "mental room") in which AB's concurrents occur, and which overlays his perception of the real world (the "physical room"). AB is able to switch his attention voluntarily between this mental room and the physical room. Exemplifying the EI method, some of our observations were previously unknown even to AB. For example, AB initially reported to experience concurrents following visual presentation, yet we determined that in the majority of cases the concurrent followed an internal verbalization of the inducer, indicating an auditory component to sequence-space synesthesia. This finding is congruent with typical rehearsal of inducer sequences during development, implicating cross-modal interactions between auditory and visual systems in the genesis of this synesthetic form. To our knowledge, this paper describes the first application of an EI to synesthesia, and the first systematic longitudinal investigation of the first-person experience of synesthesia since the re-emergence of interest in this topic in the 1980's. These descriptions move beyond rudimentary graphical or spatial representations of the synesthetic spatial form, thereby providing new targets for neurobehavioral analysis.