OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Left paraduodenal hernia: a rare cause of recurrent abdominal pain: case report
Authors: Leena Hatem Moshref, Shumukh Hassan Alqahtani, Zaid Abdulrahim Majeed, Jameel Miro
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: paraduodenal hernia (pdh), case report, laparoscopy
MeSH terms: Duodenal Diseases / diagnosis, Duodenal Diseases / surgery, Hernia, Abdominal / complications, Hernia, Abdominal / diagnosis, Hernia, Abdominal / surgery, Case Reports, Abdominal Pain / etiology, Hernia / complications, Hernia / diagnosis, Herniorrhaphy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paraduodenal Hernia

Internal hernias are quite rare, accounting for fewer than 1% of all abdominal hernias. Moreover, the most frequent cause of internal herniation is paraduodenal hernia (PDH). Diagnosing paraduodenal hernias can be difficult due to the wide range of symptoms that can occur. It is a case report of paraduodenal hernia that was diagnosed and managed in a tertiary center. We describe the case of a 55-year-old male patient who had been experiencing nonspecific abdominal discomfort for the last 5 years and had several comorbidities and positive serology. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed that he had a left PDH, which was effectively treated with laparoscopic surgical repair. The study's strength is that it was correctly identified by CT and subsequently laparoscopically corrected. A gastrografin swallow study was also performed postoperatively to ensure there was no leak. The study's flaw is that the patient was misdiagnosed for five years in other medical facilities. Because paraduodenal hernia is an uncommon diagnosis, it's important to keep it in mind as one of the differential diagnoses for persistent discomfort. It also needs accurate imaging in order to identify and successfully manage it. To demonstrate the relevance of this uncommon condition, future research is needed to report on any misdiagnosis or treatment. To conclude, nowadays the best option for paraduodenal hernia repair is laparoscopic surgery. However, because it can present with a wide variety of symptoms and diagnosis might be challenging, it demands a high index of suspicion. The gold standard for identifying paraduodenal hernia is still a CT scan of the abdomen. Patients who are stable and have no signs of intestinal obstruction might decide to have their hernia repaired to avoid future problems. To demonstrate the relevance of this uncommon condition, future research is needed to report on any misdiagnosis or treatment.
Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Daniel E Ezekwudo, Tolulope Ifabiyi, Bolanle Gbadamosi, Kristle Haberichter, Zhou Yu, Mitual Amin, Kenneth Shaheen, Michael Stender, Ishmael Jaiyesimi
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma has recently been recognized as an entity, with few reports describing the two common subtypes: in situ (indolent) and infiltrative. Recently, the infiltrative subtypes have been shown to be more aggressive requiring adjuvant chemotherapy. We report a rare case of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in a 65-year-old Caucasian female following silicone breast implantation and multiple capsulectomies. We discuss the rare presentation of this disease, histopathologic features of the indolent and infiltrative subtypes of ALCL, and their clinical significance. We also review the literature for up-to-date information on the diagnosis and clinical management. Treatment modalities including targeted therapy are also discussed. Although BIA-ALCL is rare, it should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis especially in women with breast implants. Given the increasing rate of breast reconstruction and cosmetic surgeries, we anticipate a continuous rise in incidence rates of this rare disease; thus, caution must be taken to avoid misdiagnosis.
Littre's hernia-a reason for resection
Authors: David Seok, Silvy Akrawe, Vijay Mittal
Journal: J Surg Case Rep (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Littre's hernias are exceedingly rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.09% in strangulated or incarcerated hernias. It may present as a complication of Meckel's diverticulum in less than 1%. In the adult population, it presents as an inguinal (50%), femoral (20%) and umbilical (20%) hernias. Management of Meckel's diverticulum when encountered during a routine repair of hernia in literature is generally resection. We present a case of a healthy 68-year-old gentleman who was found to have a Meckel's diverticulum in the indirect hernia sac during routine elective open right inguinal hernia repair.
Isolated Celiac and Splenic Artery Dissection: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Tania Moussa, Georges Nawfal, Tarek Assi, Elie El Rassy, Elie Massoud, Iskandar Daou
Journal: Case Rep Vasc Med (2015)

An isolated dissection of the celiac artery is an extremely rare condition that requires a high level of suspicion to evoke the diagnosis. Once established, the natural course is unpredictable in view of the discrepancies in its management requiring a case-by-case analysis. In this paper, we report an unusual case of spontaneous abdominal pain that was diagnosed with celiac and splenic artery rupture secondary to physical stress. This paper underlines the necessity to maintain a high level of suspicion for arterial dissections and we also review the management plan in such cases.
Cushing's Syndrome due to Ectopic ACTH from Bronchial Carcinoid: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Manohara Kenchaiah, Steve Hyer
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Despite advances in analytic and imaging techniques, the syndrome of ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) secretion from a tumour resulting in Cushing's syndrome continues to pose difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Dynamic testing may be equivocal and radiology indeterminate. We report a patient presenting with Cushing's syndrome associated with ectopic ACTH secretion from a bronchial carcinoid whose management presented diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Autogenous Tooth Fragment Adhesive Reattachment for a Complicated Crown Root Fracture: Two Interdisciplinary Case Reports
Authors: Antonello Francesco Pavone, Marjan Ghassemian, Manuele Mancini, Roberta Condò, Loredana Cerroni, Claudio Arcuri, Guido Pasquantonio
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2016)

Trauma of anterior teeth is quite a common occurrence in both children and adults. Various degrees of trauma leading to fracture may affect teeth in different ways depending on the age of the patient and extent of fracture and other factors that will be discussed. Guidelines have been given as to how each of these situations should be treated. In the past, often more aggressive restorations were performed to restore fractured teeth. However improved and more efficient adhesion may affect the type of treatment we decide to carry out, leading to more conservative therapies through an increased preservation of tooth structures.
Hemifacial Spasm Caused by Vascular Compression in the Cisternal Portion of the Facial Nerve: Report of Two Cases with Review of the Literature
Authors: Byung-Chul Son, Hak-Cheol Ko, Jin-Gyu Choi
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Although primary hemifacial spasm (HFS) is mostly related to a vascular compression of the facial nerve at its root exit zone (REZ), its occurrence in association with distal, cisternal portion has been repeatedly reported during the last two decades. We report two patients with typical HFS caused by distal neurovascular compression, in which the spasm was successfully treated with microvascular decompression (MVD). Vascular compression of distal, cisternal portion of the facial nerve was identified preoperatively in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was confirmed again with intraoperative findings of compression of cisternal portion of the facial nerve by the meatal loop of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and absence of any offending vessel in the REZ of the facial nerve. Immediate disappearance of lateral spread response (LSR) after decompression and resolution of spasm after the operation again validated that HFS in the current patients originated from the vascular compression of distal, cisternal portion of the facial nerves. According to our literature review of 64 patients with HFS caused by distal neurovascular compression, distal compression can be classified by pure distal neurovascular compression (31 cases, 48.4%) and double compression (both distal segment and the REZ of the facial nerves, 33 cases [51.6%]) according to the presence or absence of simultaneous offender in the REZ. Eighty-four percent of 64 identified distal offenders were the AICA, especially its meatal and postmeatal segments. Before awareness of distal neurovascular compression causing HFS and sophisticated MRI imaging (before 2000), the rate of reoperation was high (58%). Preoperative MRI and intraoperative monitoring of LSR seems to be an essential element in determination of real offending vessel in MVD caused by distal offender.
Case report: Progressive pulmonary artery hypertension in a case of megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome
Authors: Yuri Yoh, Tadashi Shiohama, Tomoko Uchida, Ryota Ebata, Hironobu Kobayashi, Kentaro Okunushi, Mitsuhiro Kato, Kazuki Watanabe, Mitsuko Nakashima, Hirotomo Saitsu, Hiromichi Hamada
Journal: Front Genet (2023)
Keywords: pi3k/akt/mtor pathway, pik3ca, megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome, overgrowth syndrome, pulmonary arterial hypertension
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Megalencephaly-capillary malformation syndrome (MCAP, OMIM # 602501) is caused by hyperactivity of the thephosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-Vakt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which results in megalencephaly, capillary malformations, asymmetrical overgrowth, and connective tissue dysplasia. Herein, we report the case of a 7-month-old girl with MCAP due to a PIK3CA somatic mosaic variant who presented with atrial tachycardia, finally diagnosed as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Oxygen therapy and sildenafil decreased pulmonary blood pressure and improved atrial tachycardia. Previous studies reported an association between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and abnormal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, which may be associated with PAH. PAH should be considered a potentially lethal complication in MCAP patients, even when no structural cardiac abnormalities are identified in the neonatal period.
Hyperkalemia Induced by the Sequential Administration of Metoprolol and Carvedilol
Authors: S Serge Barold, Scott Upton
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This report describes the occurrence of asymptomatic hyperkalemia induced by the sequential administration of metoprolol and carvedilol in an 81-year-old man with type II diabetes and stable stage III renal insufficiency. The potassium level rose to 5.6-5.7 mEq/L with metoprolol and normalized when the agent was discontinued. However, the potassium level rose again to 5.6 mEq/L after the administration of carvedilol but the level normalized by halving the dose. The observations of hyperkalemia induced by two different β-blocker drugs in the same patient confirm that this side effect is common to all β-blocker drugs.
Correction of anophthalmic enophthalmos with a three-staged procedure: two case reports
Authors: Tomohiro Minagawa, Ryuta Shioya, Takeshi Yamao, Chigusa Sato, Taku Maeda
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Surgical correction of an anophthalmic enophthalmos secondary to inappropriate repair of the eye socket involves several difficult aesthetic issues associated with long-term use of a poorly fitting prosthetic eye. In this paper, we present two cases of anophthalmic enophthalmos. During the treatment of the first patient, unsatisfactory cosmetic problems including lower eyelid retraction, hypoglobus, and severe upper eyelid ptosis were revealed. Accordingly, a three-staged procedure was performed on the second patient, including autologous augmentation of the eye socket, correction of lower eyelid retraction with a cartilage graft, and a frontalis sling procedure to correct upper eyelid ptosis.
Repurposing Drugs in Oncology (ReDO)-mebendazole as an anti-cancer agent
Authors: Pan Pantziarka, Gauthier Bouche, Lydie Meheus, Vidula Sukhatme, Vikas P Sukhatme
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience (2014)
Keywords: redo project, anti-helminthic, cancer, drug repurposing, metronomic chemotherapy

Mebendazole, a well-known anti-helminthic drug in wide clinical use, has anti-cancer properties that have been elucidated in a broad range of pre-clinical studies across a number of different cancer types. Significantly, there are also two case reports of anti-cancer activity in humans. The data are summarised and discussed in relation to suggested mechanisms of action. Based on the evidence presented, it is proposed that mebendazole would synergise with a range of other drugs, including existing chemotherapeutics, and that further exploration of the potential of mebendazole as an anti-cancer therapeutic is warranted. A number of possible combinations with other drugs are discussed in the Appendix.
Subtrochanteric osteotomy for femoral mal-torsion through a surgical dislocation approach
Authors: Atul F Kamath, Reinhold Ganz, Hong Zhang, Guido Grappiolo, Michael Leunig
Journal: J Hip Preserv Surg (2015)

Missed torsional femur deformities may contribute to reasons for failure after open and more likely arthroscopic hip preservation surgery. A number of surgical approaches have been described for addressing torsion abnormalities. This report describes a subtrochanteric osteotomy technique in a consecutive series of patients with complex hip pathologies, for which intertrochanteric osteotomy is not suitable and precise derotation is required. Subtrochanteric derotation was performed, always in combination with a surgical hip dislocation, in accordance with the authors' preferred technique. Before osteotomy, a localized decortication was executed. Application of a 4.5-mm broad or narrow plate was undertaken with dynamic compression of the osteotomy. Twenty-eight consecutive subtrochanteric derotational osteotomies were performed in 26 patients. Twenty-one females and five males were treated at an average age of 21.4 years (range, 12-43). Underlying diagnoses included dysplasia, arthrogryposis, cerebral palsy, Down's syndrome, instability and impingement. The decision to perform derotation was for antetorsion over 20° or less than 0° (retrotorsion). Patients were followed clinically and radiographically till final follow-up. All patients went on to successful osteotomy union. There were two initial failures: one delayed union prompting revision fixation in a chronic smoker and one plate failure due to self-accelerated weight-bearing in a patient status post successful contralateral derotational osteotomy. Rotational deformity of the femur must be considered in the patient undergoing hip preservation surgery. This technique of subtrochanteric derotational osteotomy, with adjunctive surgical hip dislocation, is applicable and reproducible in the setting of complex hip pathologies.
Level of evidence:
IV, case series.
A Possible Association Between Zika Virus Infection and CDK5RAP2 Mutation
Authors: Estephania Candelo, Ana Maria Sanz, Diana Ramirez-Montaño, Lorena Diaz-Ordoñez, Ana Maria Granados, Fernando Rosso, Julian Nevado, Pablo Lapunzina, Harry Pachajoa
Journal: Front Genet (2021)
Keywords: cdk5rap2, colombia, zika virus, brain abnormalities, microcephaly, vertical transmission, whole-exome sequencing

Introduction:
Flaviviridae family belongs to the Spondweni serocomplex, which is mainly transmitted by vectors from the Aedes genus. Zika virus (ZIKV) is part of this genus. It was initially reported in Brazil in December 2014 as an unknown acute generalized exanthematous disease and was subsequently identified as ZIKV infection. ZIKV became widespread all over Brazil and was linked with potential cases of microcephaly.
Case report:
We report a case of a 28-year-old Colombian woman, who came to the Obstetric Department with an assumed conglomerate of fetal abnormalities detected via ultrasonography, which was performed at 29.5 weeks of gestation. The patient presented with multiple abnormalities, which range from a suggested Arnold-Chiari malformation, compromising the lateral and third ventricles, liver calcifications, bilateral pyelocalic dilatations, other brain anomalies, and microcephaly. At 12 weeks of gestation, the vertical transmission of ZIKV was suspected. At 38.6 weeks of gestation, the newborn was delivered, with the weight in the 10th percentile (3,180 g), height in the 10th percentile (48 cm), and cephalic circumference under the 2nd percentile (31 cm). Due to the physical findings, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, revealing a small and deviated brain stem, narrowing of the posterior fossa, a giant posterior fossa cyst with ventricular dilatation, a severe cortical and white matter thinning, cerebellar vermis with hypoplasia, and superior and lateral displacement of the cerebellum. In addition, hydrocephalus was displayed by the axial sequence, and the cerebral cortex was also compromised with lissencephaly. Schizencephaly was found with left frontal open-lip, and no intracranial calcifications were found. Two novel heterozygous nonsense mutations were identified using whole-exome sequencing, and both are located in exon 8 under the affection of ZIKV congenital syndrome (CZS) that produced a premature stop codon resulting in the truncation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 (CDK5RAP2) protein.
Conclusion:
We used molecular and microbiological assessments to report the initial case of vertically transmitted ZIKV infection with congenital syndrome associated with a neurological syndrome, where a mutation in the CDK5RAP2 gene was also identified. The CDK5RAP2 gene encodes a pericentriolar protein that intervenes in microtubule nucleation and centriole attachment. Diallelic mutation has previously been associated with primary microcephaly.
Dental extraction can be performed safely in patients on aspirin therapy: a timely reminder
Authors: Gaurav Verma
Journal: ISRN Dent (2014)
MeSH terms: Review

Cardiac patients on aspirin therapy may require extractions for their diseased teeth. It is a common practice among physicians and treating surgeons to stop aspirin prior to tooth extraction because of fear of bleeding complications. This practice often predisposes the patient to adverse thromboembolic events. This practice is based on theoretical risk of bleeding and on isolated case reports of excessive bleeding with aspirin therapy. The current consensus and recommendations are in favor of continuing aspirin therapy during simple tooth extraction as the bleeding complication incidence is very less and if it occurs can be controlled efficiently with local hemostasis measures.
First Reported Case of Reverse Pott's Disease
Authors: Lintu Ramachandran, David Lyu, Luqman Baloch, Mario Affinati
Journal: Case Rep Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tuberculosis, while rare, is a disease that can have several extrapulmonary manifestations. One such known extrapulmonary manifestation of disseminated TB is vertebral osteomyelitis, often referred to as "Pott's Disease." We present the case of a patient who underwent back surgery with allogenic bone graft who developed vertebral osteomyelitis and subsequently had disseminated tuberculosis, from an infected bone graft. We review current guidelines for allograft tissue screening and discuss the possible need for standardizing tuberculosis screening for bone allografts.
Radiation recall dermatitis: case report and review of the literature
Authors: A E Hird, J Wilson, S Symons, E Sinclair, M Davis, E Chow
Journal: Curr Oncol (2008)
Keywords: radiation recall dermatitis, breast cancer, orbital metastases

"Radiation recall"-also called "radiation recall dermatitis"-has been defined as the "recalling" by skin of previous radiation exposure in response to the administration of certain response-inducing drugs. Although the phenomenon is relatively well known in the medical world, an exact cause has not been documented. Here, we report a rare occurrence of the radiation recall phenomenon in a breast cancer patient after palliative radiotherapy for bone, brain, and orbital metastases.
Traumatic Retropharyngeal Hematoma in a Patient Taking Clopidogrel
Authors: David P Betten, Jennifer L Jaquint
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The development of a retropharyngeal hematoma may lead to acute airway compromise requiring emergent airway stabilization. We describe the development of a retropharyngeal hematoma in an elderly woman who sustained a fall from standing approximately 10 hours prior to symptom onset who was taking the antiplatelet agents clopidogrel and aspirin. This delayed onset of rapid airway compromise secondary to a retropharyngeal hematoma following a fall in a patient taking clopidogrel is an unusual and potentially life threatening event.
Vasovagal Syncope and Pulseless Electrical Activity Cardiac Arrest in Patients With Immunoglobulin Light Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Case Series
Authors: Brett W Sperry, Ahmed A Harhash, Furha Cossor, Shahzad Raza
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: amyloidosis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, immunoglobulin light chain, multiple myeloma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis may lead to amyloid fibril deposition into peripheral and autonomic nerves, resulting in resting and orthostatic hypotension. While most patients die from progressive heart failure, the most commonly proposed cardiac rhythm associated with sudden death is pulseless electrical activity (PEA). Herein, we describe four patients with severe AL cardiac amyloidosis who had witnessed cardiac arrest with pulseless electrical activity as a result of vasovagal syncope. Healthcare providers should be aware of severe autonomic dysfunction in cardiac amyloidosis and the potential for an abnormal vasovagal response leading to syncope or death.
Recurrent paraganglioma of the vulva: A rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wenzhi Kong, Qingxi Qu, Shiqian Zhang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: sdhb genes, diagnosis, functional tumour, treatment, valval paraganglioma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
Vulva paragangliomas are rare and usually misdiagnosed or missed, especially in juveniles. Our aim was to summarize the clinical characteristics and treatments of vulva paragangliomas.
Methods and results:
We present a case of a 17-year-old Chinese patient with functional paraganglioma from the vulva that was misdiagnosed as clear cell carcinoma. She had suffered from severe headaches, palpitations, sweating, pallor and hypertension. The vaginal wall was invaded by this mass. The tumour was surgically removed smoothly. However, the disease recurred 7 years after surgery, and the patient was treated again. Personalized genetic testing was performed while recovering, and the results suggested that the patient had a germline mutation in the Succinate Dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) gene. Now, the patient has been discharged successfully, her blood pressure has returned to normal and some of her clinical symptoms disappeared. A review of the literature concerning the topic is also presented, there have been only 2 cases of paraganglioma of the vulva and 11 cases of vaginal paraganglioma since 1955.
Conclusion:
Our case describes a recurrent vulvovaginal paraganglioma with SDHB gene mutation and the largest tumor diameter to date. The diagnosis and treatment process of this case can provide reference for the management of other similar patients.