OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Video capsule retention in inflammatory bowel disease: an unusual presentation and discussion of retrieval methods
Authors: R Goel, J Hardman, M Gulati, J O'Donohue
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2013)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is widely used to investigate the small bowel, and capsule retention is the most serious potential complication. Endoscopic and surgical management has been reported, but in the absence of bowel obstruction, there is little consensus as to which should be employed. In this case report, we describe a patient who was investigated with VCE for weight loss and anaemia. He had previously undergone colectomy with ileoanal pouch formation for ulcerative colitis (UC). Capsule retention occurred at an ileal stricture and he was subsequently diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD). We describe his medical management and successful capsule retrieval using endoscopic methods. This case also highlights the importance of screening for intestinal strictures in an atypical presentation of UC following colectomy.
A Case of Parathyroid Adenocarcinoma and Hyperparathyroidism, When "CRAB" Symptoms Are Not due to a Plasma Cell Myeloma
Authors: Habib Moshref Razavi, Reza Alaghehbandan
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A previously well 49-year-old patient presented to our hospital with symptomatic hypercalcaemia complaining of polyuria and polydipsia, as well as abdominal and lower back pain (serum/ionized calcium at 3.66 milli mole/l and 1.90 milli moles/l). At admission, he had a normocytic anemia (Hb, 99 g/L) and acute kidney injury (creatinine at 161 μM). His parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were at 67.6 pico moles/l. A plain X-ray of the lumbar spine showed the presence of a lytic lesion in the L4 vertebrae. CT and MRI confirmed this to be a destructive lesion. A subsequent pan CT scan showed a 2.8 cm complex nodule in the left lobe of the thyroid posteriorly. Excisional biopsy of the resected mass was associated with an infiltrative cellular parathyroid neoplasm with solid and nested architectural growth pattern admixed with hemorrhage and focal calcifications. The tumor showed lymphovascular and perineural invasion. At the time of workup and despite the absence of a positive SPEP/UPEP, a bone marrow biopsy was requested to rule out multiple myeloma. His normocellular bone marrow biopsy showed marked paratrabecular fibrosis and extensive bony remodelling but no metastatic invasion. The diagnosis of a metastatic parathyroid carcinoma was made. He is subsequently considered for palliative radiotherapy to the primary tumor bed and the lumbar spine. In addition, a role for immunotherapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab in context of clinical trials is envisioned and he is being considered for enrollment.
Small cell carcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Haridimos Markogiannakis, Dimitrios Theodorou, Konstantinos G Toutouzas, Andreas Larentzakis, Michael Pattas, Angeliki Bousiotou, Pavlos Papacostas, Konstantinos Filis, Stilianos Katsaragakis
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2008)

Introduction:
Gastrointestinal tract small cell carcinoma is an infrequent and aggressive neoplasm that represents 0.1-1% of gastrointestinal malignancies. Very few cases of small cell esophageal carcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus have been reported in the literature. An extremely rare case of primary small cell carcinoma of the distal third of the esophagus arising from dysplastic Barrett's esophagus is herein presented.
Case presentation:
A 62-year-old man with gastroesophageal reflux history presented with epigastric pain, epigastric fullness, dysphagia, anorexia, and weight loss. Esophagogastroscopy revealed an ulceroproliferative, intraluminar mass in the distal esophagus obstructing the esophageal lumen. Biopsy showed small cell esophageal carcinoma. Contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal computed tomography demonstrated a large tumor of the distal third of the esophagus without any lymphadenopathy or distant metastasis. Preoperative chemotherapy with cisplatine and etoposide for 3 months resulted in a significant reduction of the tumor. After en block esophagectomy with two field lymph node dissection, proximal gastrectomy, and cervical esophagogastric anastomosis, the patient was discharged on the 14th postoperative day. Histopathology revealed a primary small cell carcinoma of the distal third of the esophagus arising from dysplastic Barrett's esophagus. The patient received another 3 month course of postoperative chemotherapy with the same agents and remained free of disease at 12 month review.
Conclusion:
Although small cell esophageal carcinoma is rare and its association with dysplastic Barrett's esophagus is extremely infrequent, the high carcinogenic risk of Barrett's epithelium should be kept in mind. Prognosis is quite unfavorable; a better prognosis might be possible with early diagnosis and treatment strategies incorporating chemotherapy along with oncological radical surgery and/or radiotherapy as part of a multimodality approach. Since treatment protocols are not well established due to the rarity of the neoplasm, multi-institutional studies are needed to obtain sufficiently large populations for investigation and optimization of therapy of the disease.
Biliary Adenofibroma with Invasive Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Anjali Godambe, Elizabeth M Brunt, Keith H Fulling, Taher Reza Kermanshahi
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2016)

We report a case of biliary adenofibroma with an invasive carcinoma in a 71-year-old female who presented with bilateral upper abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a 6.3 cm heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left lateral segment of the liver. Histologically, the adenofibroma showed the characteristic components as previously described of biliary adenofibromata, namely, cystic and tubular structures lined by cuboidal to low columnar biliary type epithelium and a dense fibrous stroma composed of spindled cells. Intimately admixed with the adenofibroma was a distinct tumor composed of malignant clear cells which demonstrated stromal and vascular invasion. Although mitotic figures were inconspicuous, Ki67 was brisk and p53 demonstrated 25-50% positivity. Sections also showed a von Meyenberg complex located adjacent to the tumor. This case expands the understanding of this rare tumor and proves two important assertions from previous case reports. First, the presence of an associated von Meyenberg complex with similar morphology and immunohistochemical staining pattern suggests that biliary adenofibromata and von Meyenberg complexes may share related histogenesis. Second, biliary adenofibromata harbor malignant potential and may show malignant transformation. Furthermore, this case highlights the need for these rare tumors to be followed aggressively, as their biological behavior is poorly understood.
An unusual presentation of appendicitis: a 23 cm long appendix in Morocco
Authors: Hicham Laraqui, Mohamed Lamgari, Mohamed Essarghini, Aziz Zentar
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: appendix, acute inflammation, long
MeSH terms: Appendectomy / methods, Appendicitis / surgery, Appendix / abnormalities, Case Reports, Abdominal Pain / etiology, Adult, Appendicitis / pathology, Appendix / pathology, Appendix / surgery, Emergency Service, Hospital, Fever / etiology, Humans, Male, Morocco, Ultrasonography

The appendix is a diverticulum attached to the caecum. It can have variable lengths and locations. Acute inflammation from long appendix is a diagnostic challenge with unusual signs and symptoms. A 35 years old man admitted to the emergency department for an acute abdominal pain with low-grade fever which had been present for 03 days. The abdomen Ultrasound showed minimal effusion in the right iliac fossa. He underwent an appendicectomy which revealed a very long appendix (23 cm in length) with tip reaching the sub hepatic area. The surgeon must kip in mind all anatomical variations of the appendix for making diagnosis and decisison to operate acute appendicitis because the increasing risk of morbidity.
Case Report: Newborns With Pseudohypoaldosteronism Secondary to Excessive Gastrointestinal Losses Through High Output Stoma
Authors: Chia-Yu Ou, Yen-Ju Chen, Geng-Bai Lin, Mei-Fan Chen, Shu-Ti Chia
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: high output stoma, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, pseudohypoaldosteronism
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Life-threatening electrolyte imbalance is not uncommon in preemies. Differential diagnosis is important for immediate treatment. The syndrome of pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is characterized by increased aldosterone secretion associated with clinical signs of hypoaldosteronism reflecting mineralocorticoid resistance. There are type I, type II, and secondary type of PHA. Most secondary PHA reported in the pediatric population result from urinary infection and obstructive uropathy and extremely rarely from gastrointestinal fluid loss. Seven preemies accepted jejunostomy or ileostomy, and they suffered from high output stoma. Electrolyte imbalance with bodyweight loss or cardiac event was noted. We found a high level of aldosterone and renin and diagnosed them with secondary PHA due to excessive gastrointestinal losses. After stomal reversal, aldosterone and renin level became normalized, and electrolyte was corrected. This study reports the finding of secondary pseudohyperaldosteronism (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis) in a series of cases with intestinal resection and ostomy of different causes. Early stomal reversal was recommended.
Fatal Tumour Lysis Syndrome Induced by Brigatinib in a Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient Treated With Sequential ALK Inhibitors: A Case Report
Authors: Yadong Wang, Tiange Wang, Jianchao Xue, Ziqi Jia, Xinyu Liu, Bowen Li, Ji Li, Xiaoguang Li, Weiwei Wang, Zhongxing Bing, Lei Cao, Zhili Cao, Naixin Liang
Journal: Front Pharmacol (2021)
Keywords: acute kidney injury, brigatinib, case report, non-small cell lung cancer, targeted therapy, tumour lysis syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) represents a group of fatal metabolic derangements resulting from the rapid breakdown of tumour cells. TLS typically occurs soon after the administration of chemotherapy in haematologic malignancies but is rarely observed in solid tumours. Here, we report a case of brigatinib-induced TLS after treatment with sequential anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in a patient with advanced ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated sequentially with crizotinib, alectinib, and ensartinib. High-throughput molecular profiling after disease progression indicated that brigatinib may overcome ALK resistance mutations, so the patient was administered brigatinib as the fourth-line treatment. After 22 days of therapy, he developed oliguria, fever, and progressive dyspnoea. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings met the diagnostic criteria for TLS. The significant decrease in the abundance of ALK mutations in plasma indicated a therapeutic response at the molecular level. Consequently, the diagnosis of brigatinib-induced TLS was established. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of TLS induced by sequential targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. With the extensive application of sequential therapy with more potent next-generation targeted therapeutic drugs, special attention should be given to this rare but severe complication.
Tooth transposition: a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Mirian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto, Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani
Journal: Dental Press J Orthod (2018)
MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective, Tooth Eruption, Ectopic / therapy, Case Reports, Adolescent, Female, Humans, Patient Care Planning, Radiography, Panoramic, Tooth Eruption, Ectopic / diagnostic imaging

Tooth transposition is one of the most difficult dental anomalies to treat in the dental clinic. Several factors must be taken into account with a view of making the best decision. The aim of this study was to discuss treatment modalities for tooth transposition, their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it aims at presenting a clinical case of transposition between canine and lateral incisor in the upper quadrant on the right side. The treatment of choice was extraction of one transposed tooth. A multidisciplinary approach involving Orthodontics, Cosmetic Dentistry, and Periodontology was necessary to allow proper esthetic and functional outcomes to be achieved.
A Rare Case of New-Onset Ulcerative Colitis following Initiation of Secukinumab
Authors: Ted George Achufusi, Prateek S Harnee, Sekou Rawlins
Journal: Case Rep Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Secukinumab is an IgG monoclonal antibody widely used for treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis. Recently, there has been increasing controversy regarding potential adverse effects of the drug especially in those with underlying inflammatory bowel disease. We present the case of a young male patient who developed severe new-onset ulcerative colitis following initiation of secukinumab for psoriasis, with excellent response and rapid resolution of symptoms with infliximab.
Case report and review of literature: Isolated intramedullary spinal neurocysticercosis
Authors: Diana Andino, John T Tsiang, Nathan C Pecoraro, Ronak Jani, Jordan C Iordanou, Jehad Zakaria, Ewa Borys, David D Pasquale, Russ P Nockels, Michael J Schneck
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: case report, cyst, intramedullary, lesion, neurocysticercosis, resection, spine
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Cases of isolated intramedullary spinal neurocysticercosis are extremely rare. Only 25 cases have been reported before 2022. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis of spinal neurocysticercosis may be missed.
Case presentation:
We describe a 37-year-old female patient who developed back pain and lower extremity weakness and was found to have an intramedullary thoracic spine cystic lesion. She was taken to the operating room for resection of the lesion. Pathology revealed a larval cyst wall consistent with neurocysticercosis. The patient was started on albendazole and dexamethasone. Her exam improved post-operatively, and she was able to ambulate with minimal difficulty at the time of follow up.
Conclusion:
The case provides insights on the diagnosis and treatment of isolated intramedullary spinal neurocysticercosis. Review of the literature suggests that combined surgical and medical intervention results in significant improvement in the patient's neurological exam, and decreases morbidity associated with the disease. We propose a treatment paradigm for this rare manifestation of neurocysticercosis.
Fibrocartilaginous Dysplasia of the Bone: A Rare Variant of Fibrous Dysplasia
Authors: Raju Vaishya, Amit Kumar Agarwal, Nishint Gupta, Vipul Vijay
Journal: Cureus (2016)
Keywords: fibrocartilaginous dysplasia, fibrous dysplasia
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FCD) is a rare variant of fibrous dysplasia (FD) which frequently involves the long bones, and the proximal femur is the most commonly affected site. This benign, lytic, and expansile bone lesion causes progressive deformity in the bones and may lead to pathological fracture. Radiologically, this lesion may mimic cartilaginous benign and malignant bone tumors. Therefore, histopathological differentiation of FCD from other cartilaginous tumors is of the utmost importance. The treatment is often surgical, in the form of curettage and bone grafting or corrective osteotomy, to treat progressive deformity in the long bones. The risk of pathological fracture is high in FCD with bony deformity and often requires surgery.
Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia concurrent with acromegalic features: A case report and literature review
Authors: Xiaojing Wang, Naishi Li, Yi Xie, Liang Zhu, Ji Li, Feng Gu, Xinhua Xiao
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: igf-2, acromegaly, hemangiopericytoma, non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia, solitary fibrous tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare cause of hypoglycemia due to the overproduction of high molecular weight insulin-like growth factor (big-IGF2), which activates the insulin receptor and subsequently caused hypoglycemia. But NICTH with acromegaly had rarely been reported. We firstly reported a rare case of NICTH concurrent with acromegalic facial features induced by a retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma and reviewed similar cases in the literature.
Case presentation:
A 30-year old man was admitted to hospital because of recurrent unconscious, which usually occurred in the late afternoon or early morning before supper or breakfast. On one unconscious occasion, his blood glucose was 2.4 mmol/L. His consciousness recovered rapidly with intravenous 50% glucose administration. Physical examination showed that he had coarse oily facial features with acne, prominent forehead and brow, broad nose, prominent nasolabial folds. At the time of hypoglycemia, suppressed serum insulin, GH and IGF-1 levels was found. Computed Tomography further revealed a large left retroperitoneal mass measuring 7.0 cm × 12.3 cm × 13.0 cm. He underwent complete surgical resection of the mass. Surgical pathology demonstrated a hemangiopericytoma and strong positive for IGF-2. He did not experience further episodes of hypoglycemia after the operation during the 2.5 years follow-up.
Conclusions:
Fibrous origin is the most common tumor type for NICTH with acromegaly features. NICTH should be considered in non-diabetic patients who have recurrent hypoglycemia along with suppressed serum insulin and IGF-1 levels.
Stellate Nonhereditary Idiopathic Foveomacular Retinoschisis: Cataract Surgery
Authors: Sofie Van der Auwera, Oscar Kallay
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
We present the first case described in the literature of cataract surgery in a patient with stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIF).
Methods:
In this case report, we describe the extensive workup we did on our patient, including optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, fluo-angiography, full field electroretinogram, and genetic testing. We moreover describe the cataract surgery with clear lens extraction and implanting of a multifocal implant.
Results:
The refractive and lifestyle profile of our patient made implantation of multifocal intraocular implants the only solution for this case. During preoperative measurements, a SNIF diagnosis was suspected after optic coherence tomography imaging which led to an even more extensive workup of our patient and the diagnosis of stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis. We then proceeded to cataract surgery, which was performed safely and without any sequellae.
Conclusion:
Stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIF) is a relatively new disease entity. Only few cases in the literature describe this disease, and none of them describe cataract surgery in a patient with SNIF. We therefore describe the first known cataract surgery in such a case. Long term follow-up results show that the procedure can be performed safely. Summary Statement. We hereby present the first case described in the literature of cataract surgery of a patient diagnosed with stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis. A clear lens extraction with implantation of a multifocal intraocular implant was conducted with excellent postoperative results and a happy patient.
Treatment of a Femur Nonunion with Microsurgical Corticoperiosteal Pedicled Flap from the Medial Femoral Condyle
Authors: Matteo Guzzini, Cosma Calderaro, Marco Guidi, Carolina Civitenga, Germano Ferri, Andrea Ferretti
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2016)

Introduction. The vascularized corticoperiosteal flap is harvested from the medial femoral condyle and it is nourished by the articular branch of the descending genicular artery and the superomedial genicular artery. This flap is usually harvested as a free flap for the reconstruction of bone defects at forearm, distal radius, carpus, hand, and recently at lower limb too. Case Report. A 50-year-old Caucasian man referred to our department for hypertrophic nonunion of the distal femur, refractory to the conservative treatments. The first surgical choice was the revision of the nail and the bone reconstruction with a corticoperiosteal pedicled flap from the medial femoral condyle. We considered union to have occurred 3.5 months after surgery when radiographs showed bridging of at least three of the four bony cortices and clinically the patient was able to walk with full weight bearing without any pain. At the last follow-up (25 months), the patient was completely satisfied with the procedure. Discussion. The corticoperiosteal flap allows a faster healing of fractures with a minimal morbidity at the donor site. We suggest that the corticoperiosteal pedicled flap graft is a reliable and effective treatment for distal femur nonunion.
Case report: Identification of the tropical rat mite ( Ornithonyssus bacoti) on a domestic donkey in France
Authors: Mirabela Oana Dumitrache, Adriana Györke, Florie Julien, Jevgenija Kondratjeva, Marie-Christine Cadiergues
Journal: Front Vet Sci (2023)
Keywords: ornithonyssus bacoti, donkey, molecular diagnosis, parasites, tropical rat mite
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 25-year-old donkey was referred for a generalized, pruritic and severe exfoliative dermatitis that had been evolving for several years, with deterioration in the last few months. Close examination of the skin surface revealed numerous small, dark, mobile elements identified as Ornithonyssus bacoti confirmed by DNA sequencing. The severity, type and topography of the lesions called for complementary examinations, leading to a second diagnosis of cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma. The lack of clinical improvement after antiparasitic therapy despite parasite clearance, suggests opportunistic behavior of Ornithonyssus bacoti. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of a tropical rat mite on a donkey, thus expanding the known host spectrum of this zoonotic parasite. Further potential questions concern the implication of this new host as a possible source of human contamination.