OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Mucin-Producing Sweat Gland Carcinoma, a Histological Challenge
Authors: Mary Anne Brett, Samih Salama, Gabriella Gohla, Salem Alowami
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC) is a rare adnexal tumor of the skin with low-grade cytological features and neuroendocrine differentiation. It has a predilection for the skin of the eyelid, but has also been reported in the face and rarely extra-facial locations. The tumor is seen more frequently in women and on average affects the elderly. It is histologically and immunohistochemically analogous to solid papillary carcinoma of the breast/endocrine ductal carcinoma in situ with a nodular, solid, papillary, and/or cribriforming architecture, neuroendocrine differentiation, and mucin production. Since it was first described by Flieder et al. in 1997, less than 60 cases have been reported in literature. We describe the morphological and immunohistochemical features of another case with a review of the common histological differential diagnoses and emphasize the salient features that help distinguish this rare neoplasm.
Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma presenting with a ground glass opacity: A case report & literature review
Authors: Teruya Komatsu, Akira Hara, Naoki Date, Takuji Fujinaga, Tatsuo Kato
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: benign lung tumor, case report, ground glass opacity, solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Solitary pulmonary capillary hemangioma (SPCH) is a rare benign lung tumor that clinically resembles early lung cancer and precancerous pulmonary lesions that present with similar imaging manifestations.
Presentation of case:
The patient was a 54-year-old Japanese man who was referred to Nagara Medical Center with a ground glass opacity (GGO) lesion within the right upper lung that was incidentally detected on computed tomography. After 8 months of follow-up, video-assisted thoracoscopic segmental resection of the right upper lobe was performed with diagnostic and therapeutic intent. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen demonstrated thickening of the alveolar septum caused by the proliferation of capillary vessels. This lesion was positive for CD31 and CD34 and negative for thyroid transcription factor-1 and cytokeratin on immunohistochemical staining. The tumor was diagnosed as SPCH pathologically.
Discussion:
When radiological examination demonstrates a GGO in the lung, SPCH must be considered as one of the differential diagnoses. For a definitive diagnosis, pathological examination of a surgically resected specimen must be conducted.
Conclusion:
This study describes a case of SPCH and a review of the literature.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Refractory Brick Production Worker: A Case Report
Authors: Negin Kassiri, Sahand Nikasa, Anita Aminizade, Yasser Labbafinejad
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: allergic contact dermatitis (acd), chromium, exposure, refractory brick, workplace
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this study, we investigated a 42-year-old man working in a refractory brick (RB) production line who had allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) due to skin exposure to chromium (Cr). He had visited a dermatologist several times over a five-month period and although he had been medically treated, the symptoms reappeared after he returned to work and resumed exposure. Finally, with the announcement of the definite diagnosis of ACD through a patch test, it was decided to exclude him from exposure, and after 20 days, the symptoms went through the recovery process. No new recurring episodes were reported during the six-month follow-up period.
Intrasphenoidal Rathke's Cleft Cyst: An Uncommon Feat
Authors: André De Sousa Machado, Ana Silva, Jose Silva, José R Brandão, Luís Meireles
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: endoscopic approach, endoscopic transnasal approach, rathke, rathke's cleft cyst, sphenoid sinus lesions
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Usually occurring entirely intrasellarly or extending suprasellarly (intra-suprasellar), Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) can present with an intrasphenoidal location. Extrasellar positions are rare. To date, only seven patients with intrasphenoidal RCC have been reported in the literature. Despite the rarity of the condition and the lack of pathognomonic radiological features, preoperative diagnosis remains challenging. A trans-sphenoidal approach can be adopted to treat this type of cyst, which has great clinical relevance. Awareness of this different presentation of RCC before respective management may be of value in its approach. Intrasphenoidal RCC should be diagnosed preoperatively and the surgical approach should be changed accordingly by aspiration and partial removal before the histological examination.
Cylindrocarpon lichenicola keratomycosis in Nigeria: the challenge of limited access to effective antimicrobials
Authors: Emmanuel O Irek, Temitope O Obadare, Patrick A Udonwa, Olajumoke Laoye, Oyekola V Abiri, Adenike O Adeoye, Aaron O Aboderin
Journal: Afr J Lab Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
We report a rare cause of keratitis, due to Cylindrocarpon lichenicola, in a farmer with keratomycosis. Despite the acknowledged virulence of this fungus, a suitable antifungal for its management was not accessible.
Case presentation:
A 67-year-old farmer presented with a two-week history of pain, mucopurulent discharge, redness and a corneal ulcer with a visual acuity of hand movement in the right eye. With a working diagnosis of infective keratitis, corneal scrapings were taken under a slit lamp biomicroscope for microbiological testing. Direct lactophenol cotton blue mounts revealed septate fungal hyphae, while fungal culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar at room temperature grew woolly mould phenotypically consistent with C. lichenicola.
Management and outcome:
The patient was started on hourly topical natamycin (5%), ciprofloxacin (0.3%), two-hourly instillation of tobramycin (0.3%) and atropine (1%) twice daily for three months following the isolation of the fungus. The eye healed with a corneal scar and no improvements in visual acuity.
Discussion:
This infection was difficult to manage due to the inaccessibility of a suitable antifungal, namely, voriconazole in our setting. Hence, there is a need for prompt identification and early institution of suitable antifungals in any patient with suspected keratomycosis.
Management of a Periodontal Pocket Using a Removable Orthodontic Appliance and Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Serhat Köseoğlu, Ahmet Fidancıoğlu, Mehmet Sağlam, Levent Savran
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2015)

Purpose. As documented in the literature, bony defects can be managed by an orthodontic approach. Methods. This case report describes the treatment of a bony defect caused by orthodontic malposition through phase I periodontal therapy and a simple removable orthodontic appliance used for the first time in a 20-year-old girl. Results. The periodontal pocket was reduced from 8 mm to 3 mm shortly after treatment. Conclusion. This case report concludes that orthodontic therapy can be used successfully in treatment of bony defects caused by mesially tilted molars.
Normalization of Bilateral Adrenal Gland Enlargement after Treatment for Cryptococcosis
Authors: Yuka Muraoka, Shintaro Iwama, Hiroshi Arima
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cryptococcosis usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and can cause enlargement of the adrenal glands, although the morphologic changes after treatment have not been reported in detail. We report the case of 24-year-old man with fevers, headaches, and impaired consciousness who had been treated with glucocorticoids for a protein-losing gastroenteropathy. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed cryptococcal meningitis. Computed tomography showed bilateral adrenal enlargement. A retrospective analysis revealed that the enlargement had been detected 5 months before admission and gradually increased. The enlargement was improved with antifungal therapy and normalized 6 months later. This is the first report describing morphological changes in the adrenal glands associated with cryptococcal meningitis. Adrenal enlargement by cryptococcosis can be improved without any abnormal findings, including calcifications, which may be a unique characteristic from other diseases, including tuberculosis.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Syphilitic Gumma: A Case Report
Authors: Linyang Cui, Zushan Xu, Hongjun Hou
Journal: Front Neurol (2020)
Keywords: anti-syphilitic treatment, diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging, neurosyphilis, spinal syphilitic gumma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Neurosyphilis, which is caused by Treponema pallidum, is a rare sexually transmitted disease involving the central nervous system (CNS). Among all the sub-categories, spinal syphilitic gumma is extremely rare. In previous literature, limited cases of spinal syphilitic gumma have been reported, most of which underwent surgery treatment. In this study, we reported a 46-year-old man, who presented with 5-day numbness of bilateral lower limbs, lower back pain, and irregular defecation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a homogeneous peripheral enhancement and intramedullary nodule at the T7 level with extensive thoracic cord edema. Combining with laboratory examination results, the syphilitic gumma was considered. One month after the administration of penicillin G, the symptoms vanished. Six months later, MRI indicated no intramedullary nodule.
Plasmablastic Lymphoma or Plasmablastic Myeloma: A Case of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder
Authors: Poornima Ramadas, Michael Williams, David B Duggan
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic myelomas are malignancies with overlapping clinical and pathological features which pose a diagnostic dilemma and are known to be aggressive with a poor outcome. CD38 is a common immunophenotypic maker for both these malignancies and provides a rationale for using daratumumab-based regimes. We describe a 57-year-old male with a history of end-stage renal disease who underwent a deceased-donor renal transplant maintained on chronic immunosuppression who presented with ascites and was found to have abdominal adenopathy and a lytic lesion in the humerus and diagnosed with a post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with features intermediate between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic myeloma. The patient was subsequently treated with a daratumumab-based regime with an excellent response. This case highlights a rare scenario that poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. As there is no standard of care for the treatment of both these malignancies, this case report also describes the use of daratumumab with a good long-term outcome, especially when the pathological distinction between the two entities is difficult.
Retrieval of intrarenal coiled and ruptured guidewire by retrograde intrarenal surgery: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bo-Han Chen, Tsung-Hsin Chang, Marcelo Chen, Yu-Hsin Chen
Journal: Open Med (Wars) (2021)
Keywords: intrarenal foreign body, percutaneous nephrostomy drainage, retrograde intrarenal surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Foreign bodies in the kidney have rarely been reported. However, they can be a clinical problem for urologists. We report on a patient with a residual segment of guidewire coating embedded in the renal parenchyma following computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous nephrostomy drainage (PCND), and our successful minimally invasive management with retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).
Case presentation:
A 40-year-old female with urosepsis due to a right upper ureteral stone with hydronephrosis received emergent CT-guided PCND and subsequent ureteroscopic lithotripsy, double J stent insertion, and percutaneous catheter removal. Follow-up radiography showed a coiled object within the upper pole parenchyma of the right kidney, which might be the remnant of a guidewire used during the PCND procedure. Flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) was performed. Under fluoroscopy, the foreign body was localized, the renal parenchyma was incised with laser, and the foreign body was retrieved using a stone basket.
Conclusion:
Although guidewire breakage is uncommon, clinicians should keep it in mind during interventional procedures. Several methods can be used to eradicate foreign objects from the urinary tract, and the first choice should always be the least invasive one. RIRS with fURS is considered as a safe, efficient, and minimally invasive option for the extraction of foreign bodies from the kidney. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive case report detailing the removal of a foreign object by RIRS in the English literature.
Human amniotic membrane for myocutaneous dehiscence after a radical surgical treatment of vulvar cancer: A case report
Authors: Stefano Restaino, Federico Paparcura, Cristina Giorgiutti, Diletta Trojan, Giulia Montagner, Giancarlo Pengo, Grazia Pividore, Roberta Albanese, Emanuele Rampino, Teresa Dogareschi, Tiziana Bove, Francesca Titone, Marco Trovò, Giorgia Garganese, Pier Camillo Parodi, Giovanni Scambia, Lorenza Driul, Giuseppe Vizzielli
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: allograft, amniotic membrane, case report, dehiscence, vulvar cancer
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
The application of the amniotic membrane could have a favourable effect on tissue repair and regeneration. We report the first case of implant of an amniotic membrane in a patient affected by myo-cutaneous dehiscence, after a radical surgical treatment for vulvar cancer.
Methods:
We describe a case of a 74-years-old patient affected by vulvar cancer. After radiotherapy, the patient underwent to an anterior pelvic exenteration with uretero-ileo-cutaneostomy by Wallace, bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, omental biopsies, omental flap, bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy, resection of ulcerated left inguinal lesion, reconstruction with left gracilis muscle flap and locoregional V-Y advancement flap. The patient developed a myo-cutaneous dehiscence. Two months after the surgery, following an accurate curettage of the wound and negative pressure therapy, a patch of human amniotic membrane was implanted.
Results:
The surgical procedure was easy, feasible and did not require long operating room times. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. The results obtained were encouraging with a marked improvement in the surgical wound.
Conclusion:
the use of amniotic membranes was safely and easily performed to promote the healing of complicated surgical wounds.
Successful reconstruction of large oropharyngeal defect with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in a four-year-old boy with recurrent fibromatosis
Authors: Sajid S Qureshi, Quazi G Ahmed, Prabha S Yadav
Journal: World J Surg Oncol (2007)
MeSH terms: Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery, Oropharynx / pathology, Pectoralis Muscles / transplantation, Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods, Surgical Flaps, Case Reports, Child, Preschool, Fibroma / pathology, Fibroma / surgery, Follow-Up Studies, Graft Survival, Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery, Humans, Male, Oropharynx / surgery, Reoperation, Risk Assessment, Time Factors

Background:
Pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMMC) flap continues to be the workhorse in head and neck reconstruction. Although free tissue transfer has revolutionized the reconstruction in cancers of the oral region, PMMC is still considered a readily accessible source of vascularized soft tissue available to the reconstructive surgeon and especially in most developing nations where due to the cost, time, expertise, or infrastructural constraints free flaps cannot be generally offered. Although commonly used in adults, it has been hardly described for reconstruction in children.
Case presentation:
We present a 4-year-old child with recurrent fibromatosis of the oropharyngeal region where the PMMC was used for reconstruction of the surgical defect and to the best of our knowledge is the youngest patient undergoing reconstruction with PMMC for neoplastic lesion of the head and neck.
Conclusion:
The PMMC flap is justifiably a popular flap that continues to command an important place in the head and neck surgeon's reconstructive armamentarium.
Genetics and clinical phenotype of Erdheim-Chester disease: A case report of constrictive pericarditis and a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Lorenzo Bartoli, Francesco Angeli, Andrea Stefanizzi, Michele Fabrizio, Pasquale Paolisso, Luca Bergamaschi, Alessandro Broccoli, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Nazzareno Galiè, Paola Rucci, Alberto Foà, Carmine Pizzi
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2022)
Keywords: erdheim-chester disease, case-report, constrictive pericarditis, genotype, phenotype, precision medicine
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of histiocytosis. An increasing number of genetic mutations have been associated with this syndrome, confirming its possible neoplastic origin. Recently, a connection between the BRAF mutational status and a specific phenotype was described; however, no studies have yet evaluated the correlations between other mutations and the clinical features of the disease.
Objectives:
This study aims to clarify the association between the clinical phenotype and genetic mutations identified in the neoplastic cell lines of ECD.
Methods:
We describe a case of ECD characterized by pericardial involvement and a KRAS mutation shared with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Hence, through a meta-analysis of individual participant data of all genetically and clinically described cases of ECD in the literature, we aimed to elucidate the association between its clinical phenotype and baseline genetic mutations.
Results:
Of the 760 studies screened, our review included 133 articles published from 2012 to April 2021. We identified 311 ECD patients whose genotype and phenotype were described. We found five main genes (BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, and MAP2K1) whose mutation was reported at least three times. Mutation of BRAF led to a neurological disease (183 of 273 patients, 67%; p < 0.001); KRAS- and NRAS-mutated patients mainly showed cutaneous (five of six patients, 83.3%, p < 0.004) and pleural (four of nine patients, 44%, p = 0.002) involvement, respectively; PIK3CA was not associated with specific organ involvement; and MAP2K1 mutations caused the disease to primarily involve the peritoneum and retroperitoneum (4 of 11, 36.4%, p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
This work implies a possible influence of baseline mutation over the natural history of ECD, underscoring the importance of a thorough genetic analysis in all cases with the ultimate goal of identifying a possible targeted therapy for each patient.
A Case of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation With the Rare Apolipoprotein ε2/ε2 Genotype
Authors: Yin-Yan Xu, Shuai Chen, Jian-Hua Zhao, Xi-Ling Chen, Jie-Wen Zhang
Journal: Front Neurol (2019)
Keywords: apolipoprotein gene, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, homozygote, inflammation, neuroimaging
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a rare CAA variant characterized by acute or subacute encephalopathy, headache, epilepsy, or focal neurological deficits. Radiologically, CAA-RI presents with widespread white matter lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to the hemorrhagic imaging features of CAA. Previous studies have found that the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele and ε4/ε4 genotype were over-represented in CAA-RI. The role of the ApoE ε2 allele in CAA-RI, however, is largely unknown, partly due to the rarity of the ε2/ε2 genotype in the general population. The authors report the first case of CAA-RI with the rare ApoE ε2/ε2 genotype. The patient presented with mild clinical symptoms but striking neuroimaging abnormalities. The response to small-dose glucocorticoids was satisfactory. Because ApoE ε2 promotes amyloid β accumulation and fibrinoid necrosis in the cerebral vasculature, the ε2/ε2 genotype, similar to ε4/ε4, may also be a precipitating factor for CAA-RI. To clarify the role of ApoE ε2 in CAA-RI, studies with large sample sizes investigating whether ε2 is more common in patients with CAA-RI than in those with CAA only are warranted.
Life-Threatening Severe Thrombocytopenia and Mild Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Brucellosis
Authors: Waleed Amsaib M Ahmed, Khalid Ahmed Khalil, Asma Azwari, Gamal T A Ebid, Imran Nazir, Mohamed Hassan Aly
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Methods:
We report the case of a 73-year-old Saudi female who presented with severe thrombocytopenia and mild autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with brucellosis. The coexistence of published cases of two hematological disorders with brucellosis is rare.
Results:
Despite the initial treatment with eltrombopag and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), our patient's platelets count remained low and significantly improved after initiation of brucellosis treatment in the form of rifampicin and doxycycline. Discussion. We conclude by reviewing the case that in many parts of Saudi Arabia, brucellosis remains a prevalent infection. Hence, it should be considered as a possible diagnosis in febrile individuals with no localizing indications and the presence of severe thrombocytopenia in acute febrile illness. Although it is a rare association, it could be related to brucellosis.
Conclusion:
This is our region's first published case of severe thrombocytopenia and mild autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with brucellosis. It contributes to the literature on the successful use of rifampicin and doxycycline to treat hematological disorders associated with brucellosis.
Bullous herpes zoster masquerading as a bullous pemphigoid flare: A case report
Authors: Ahmed Shehadah, Alshaima Yousef, Anas Hashem, Amir A Mahmoud, Abhimanyu Aggarwal
Journal: IDCases (2023)
Keywords: atypical, bullous herpes, bullous pemphigoid, disseminated herpes zoster, disseminated zoster, pemphigus vulgaris, shingles, varicella zoster virus, zoster
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Herpes zoster (HZ) results from the reactivation of dormant varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the posterior dorsal root ganglia manifesting as painful vesicles along the dermatomal distribution as shingles. The risk of reactivation is higher in immunocompromised patients. Herpes zoster lesions can have varied presentations including bullous forms, may induce BP flare, may co-exist in the same lesions, and should be included in the list of differentials for BP flares not responding to the standard of care. Here, we describe a case of a 74-year-old female with a history of recurrent bullous pemphigoid (BP) flares, who was on mycophenolate mofetil, and presented with skin lesions on her right thigh which were typical for her BP flares. Unlike prior flares, the lesions did not respond to prednisone therapy. Her hospitalization course was complicated by encephalopathy. Intravenous acyclovir was started empirically. Viral cultures and polymerase chain reaction from the lesions came back positive for VZV, but the patient succumbed to her illness shortly afterward.