OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Pragmatic Rehabilitation Program in Schizophrenia: A Single Case fMRI Study
Authors: Ilaria Gabbatore, Francesca M Bosco, Elisabetta Geda, Luigi Gastaldo, Sergio Duca, Tommaso Costa, Bruno G Bara, Katiuscia Sacco
Journal: Neural Plast (2017)
MeSH terms: Brain / diagnostic imaging, Brain / physiology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods, Schizophrenia / diagnostic imaging, Schizophrenia / rehabilitation, Case Reports, Adult, Brain Mapping / methods, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Schizophrenia / physiopathology

Introduction. The present study was intended to evaluate the effects of a rehabilitative training, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT), aimed at improving communicative-pragmatic abilities and the related cognitive components, on the cerebral modifications of a single case patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods. The patient underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, before and after the treatment. In order to assess brain changes, we calculated the Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation (ALFF) index of the resting-state fMRI signal, which is interpreted as reflecting the intensity of the spontaneous regional activity of the brain. Behavioural measures of the patient's communicative performance were also gathered before and after training and at follow-up. Results. The patient improved his communicative performance in almost all tests. Posttraining stronger ALFF signal emerged in the superior, inferior, and medial frontal gyri, as well as the superior temporal gyri. Conclusions. Even if based on a single case study, these preliminary results show functional changes at the cerebral level that seem to support the patient's behavioural improvements.
Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor of the scalp: report of 4 cases and a short review of the literature
Authors: Cemal Alper Kemaloğlu, Melikgazi Öztürk, Beyza Aydın, Özlem Canöz, Orhun Eğilmez
Journal: Case Reports Plast Surg Hand Surg (2022)
Keywords: malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor, proliferated pilar cyst, skin tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malignant proliferating pilar tumors are very rare adnexial lesions that can be confused with other skin neoplasms. The authors present four patients with malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors located on the scalp. A review of the literature search for malignant proliferating pilar tumors and treatments was performed.
Case report: A case of injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve caused by medial approach in knee arthroscopy
Authors: Jiyang Tan, Xunhao Wang, Fei Xiong, Jun Qian, Qiuwen Ying, Jingyi Mi
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: knee arthroscopy, medial approach, numbness, pain, saphenous nerve
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present the case of a 72-year-old man who was referred to our department for treatment of pain on the anteromedial infrapatellar side of the right knee with sensory disturbance that began 2 years earlier. The patient previously underwent right knee arthroscopy at another hospital for a meniscus injury 2 years earlier, which relieved his knee pain, but pain and discomfort near the incision of the medial portal persisted. Given this situation, various physical treatments, such as ice compress, were administered postoperatively. However, the symptom was only partially relieved before discharge. Subsequently, the patient visited two other hospitals and began taking oral pregabalin and duloxetine for treatment of the pain based on a diagnosis of right common peroneal nerve injury. The pain in the same dermatomal distribution was slightly relieved, but a withdrawal reaction was observed. However, the results of an ultrasound at our hospital indicated that the right medial quadriceps femoris tendon showed a hypoechoic area suggesting inflammatory changes. Physical examination of the right knee detected atrophy of the quadriceps femoris muscle, decreased muscle strength (M4), obvious tenderness in the medial side, radiating pain along the anterior tibia, and sensory disturbance (S3+); the results of a drawer test, McMurray test, pivot shift test, and lateral stress test were negative. Based on the aforementioned evidence, a diagnosis was made of injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, after which neurolysis of the nerve in question was carried out. An enlarged incision was made along the original medial approach. Scar hyperplasia was observed after careful separation of the subcutaneous tissue. During neurolysis, branches were found wrapped in the scar; their continuity and integrity were confirmed after relief. The released nerve was placed in a physiological position. The patient's pain was clearly relieved, and numbness disappeared on the first postoperative day. At 1-month follow-up, all symptoms were found to have resolved.
Strongyloidosis Hyperinfection Syndrome in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Rare Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Kartik Natrajan, Mahenderkumar Medisetty, Raviraj Gawali, Ajit Tambolkar, Divya Patel, Vinay Thorat, Nachiket Dubale, Vrushali Khirid, Chinmay Saraf, Ameet Dravid
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Parasitic infections such as Strongyloides stercoralis and HIV have been reported to coexist, particularly in resource-limited settings such as India. In an immunocompromised host, S. stercoralis can progress to strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome (SHS). However, SHS is not common in patients with advanced HIV disease. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) developing after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) can target multiple pathogens including S. stercoralis. The authors present here a 46-year-old HIV-infected female who was recently diagnosed with HIV-1 infection, started ART, and developed SHS. Her upper GI endoscopy revealed severe gastroduodenitis, and X-ray chest showed extensive bilateral pneumonitis. We could identify S. stercoralis in induced sputum and duodenal biopsy. We could also identify gut inflammation to restrict invading parasites. After receiving antihelminthic therapy, she showed improvement, a course of events that fit the diagnosis of unmasking S. stercoralis IRIS.
How migrants keep Italian families Italian: badanti and the private care of older people
Authors: Silvana Rugolotto, Alice Larotonda, Sjaak van der Geest
Journal: Int J Migr Health Soc Care (2017)
Keywords: badanti, care giving, italy, migrants, older people, women

Purpose:
The purpose of this paper is to describe how migration affects the care of older people in Italy.
Design/methodology/approach:
The paper is based on anthropological fieldwork by one of the authors. This consisted of in-depth interviews with 20 "badanti" (migrant caregivers), with relatives of older people and with social workers in the city of Verona, Italy. It further included extensive study of secondary materials on the topic of migrant care of older people.
Findings:

Badanti, Italian families and older people find themselves locked in an uneasy contract: badanti because they are exploited and often unable to find better, formal employment; Italian families because they are aware that they fail to render their moral duty to their aged parents and grandparents; and older people because they feel neglected and maltreated by their children. Yet the three parties also rely on each other to make the best of a precarious situation. The relationship between badanti and Italian elderly highlights the contradictions within Italian politics on care and migration. This case study shows how migrants help Italian families to hold on to the tradition of family care for ageing parents.
Research limitations/implications:
The small sample of badanti and families provides a detailed and profound insight of the complexity of elder care in Italy but does not allow generalisation for developments in the country as a whole.
Practical implications:
Policy makers should take notice of the indispensability of informal migrant care in present day Italy.
Originality/value:
The originality of the paper lies in the in-depth conversations with badanti and in the way in which elderly care is contextualised in the Italian tradition of care and present day politics.
Kounis Syndrome together with Myocardial Bridging Leading to Acute Myocardial Infarction at Young Age
Authors: Ilker Murat Caglar, Alper Vural, Fatma Nihan Turhan Caglar, Murat Ugurlucan, Osman Karakaya
Journal: Case Rep Med (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Kounis syndrome, also named as "allergic angina syndrome," is a diagnosis in which exposure to an allergen causes mostly coronary spasm and rarely plaque rupture, resulting in ischemic myocardial events. Myocardial bridging is defined as an intramural segment of a coronary artery and its systolic compression by overlying fibers. Myocardial bridging generally has a benign prognosis and mostly affects the mid portion of left anterior descending coronary artery. However, some cases with myocardial ischemia, infarction, and sudden death have also been reported. A 17-year-old boy presented to the clinic with acute anterolateral myocardial infarction after having first dose of clindamycin and diagnosed as Kounis syndrome. Further diagnostic workup of the patient showed myocardial bridging at the mid left anterior descending artery. In this report, we present the combination of Kounis syndrome and myocardial bridging leading to myocardial infarction at young age.
An Uncommon Meridional Globe Rupture due to Blunt Eye Trauma
Authors: Krishan Kumar, Rick Figurasin, Swati Kumar, Muhammad Waseem
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Open globe injury (OGI) is a severe form of eye trauma. It is an important cause of monocular blindness worldwide. Ruptures from blunt trauma are most common at the sites where the sclera is thinnest, at the insertions of the extraocular muscles, and at the limbus. Most often, rupture is equatorial. We present a unique case of open globe injury due to blunt ocular trauma from a thrown rock that resulted in a meridional rupture of the eye. The pertinent literature is reviewed.
Primary pleomorphic adenoma of the external auditory canal: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chizu Saito, Takeharu Kanazawa, Takehiko Yamaguchi, Ken-Ichi Nakamura, Keiichi Ichimura
Journal: Case Rep Otolaryngol (2014)

Background. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign tumour that mainly arises from salivary glands, and PA of the external auditory canal (EAC) is very rare. The objective of this study was to clarify the clinical presentation and treatment of PA of the EAC. Method. The authors present a case of PA arising from the EAC together with a literature review. Results. A 40-year-old man complained of hearing loss and foreign-body sensation of the right ear. Clinical and radiological examinations revealed a well-defined tumour limited to the EAC, with no connection to the parotid gland. Preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology findings were characteristic of PA. The tumour was removed en bloc with the overlying skin. Conclusion. PA of the EAC is very rare, and methods to rule out malignancy before treatment are lacking. Thus, long-term follow-up is necessary, because malignant tumours are common in the EAC and PA has malignant potential.
Surgical management of palatal placed, inverted, dilacerated and impacted mesiodens
Authors: Nb Nagaveni, Nd Shashikiran, Vv Subba Reddy
Journal: Int J Clin Pediatr Dent (2009)
Keywords: supernumerary, dilaceration, mesiodens, palatal impaction
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teeth may vary in size, shape and number. Mesiodens is the most commonly occurring supernumerary tooth, usually seen between upper two central incisors which may be impacted or erupted. The present paper describes a rare case of palatal placed, inverted, severely dilacerated and impacted mesiodens which was detected on radiographic examination for some other problem.
Endoscopic Treatment for Nonhypertrophic Idiopathic Pyloric Stenosis in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Carlo Maria Ferlini, Elena De Lorenzi, Cristina Belgiovine, Emanuele Cereda, Silvia Maria Elena Caimmi, Alessandro Raffaele
Journal: European J Pediatr Surg Rep (2023)
Keywords: dilation, endoscopic, idiopathic, multidisciplinary approach, nonhypertrophic, pyloric, stenosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Nonhypertrophic idiopathic pyloric stenosis (NHIPS) is a rare occurrence in children. It could be related to peptic ulcers, but a definitive cause is yet to be found. Treatment is a matter of debate, ranging from medical to surgical. We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering postprandial vomiting and weight loss in the previous 3 months. NHIPS was diagnosed and successfully treated with several sessions of endoscopic pyloric dilation and jejunal feeding. In association with a multidisciplinary approach, endoscopic dilation should be considered as a first-line treatment to avoid surgery.
Sputum microbiota and inflammation at stable state and during exacerbations in a cohort of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients
Authors: Solveig Tangedal, Rune Nielsen, Marianne Aanerud, Louise J Persson, Harald G Wiker, Per S Bakke, Pieter S Hiemstra, Tomas M Eagan
Journal: PLoS One (2019)
MeSH terms: Inflammation / pathology, Microbiota / genetics, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / microbiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / pathology, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Adult, Aged, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / metabolism, Biomarkers / metabolism, Cohort Studies, Cytokines / metabolism, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Inflammation / genetics, Inflammation / metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / metabolism, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics, Respiratory System / microbiology, Respiratory System / pathology, Sputum, Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides, Biomarkers, Cytokines, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Background:
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are debilitating events and spur disease progression. Infectious causes are frequent; however, it is unknown to what extent exacerbations are caused by larger shifts in the airways' microbiota. The aim of the current study was to analyse the changes in microbial composition between stable state and during exacerbations, and the corresponding immune response.
Methods:
The study sample included 36 COPD patients examined at stable state and exacerbation from the Bergen COPD Cohort and Exacerbations studies, and one patient who delivered sputum on 13 different occasions during the three-year study period. A physician examined the patients at all time points, and sputum induction was performed by stringent protocol. Only induced sputum samples were used in the current study, not spontaneously expectorated sputum. Sputum inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IP-10, MIG, TNF-α) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs, i.e. LL-37/hCAP-18, SLPI) were measured in supernatants, whereas target gene sequencing (16S rRNA) was performed on corresponding cell pellets. The microbiome bioinformatics platform QIIME2TM and the statistics environment R were applied for bioinformatics analyses.
Results:
Levels of IP-10, MIG, TNF-α and AMPs were significantly different between the two disease states. Of 36 sample pairs, 24 had significant differences in the 12 most abundant genera between disease states. The diversity was significantly different in several individuals, but not when data was analysed on a group level. The one patient case study showed longitudinal dynamics in microbiota unrelated to disease state.
Conclusion:
Changes in the sputum microbiota with changing COPD disease states are common, and are accompanied by changes in inflammatory markers. However, the changes are highly individual and heterogeneous events.
Development of Small Bowel Volvulus on Barbed V-Loc™ Suture: A Rare Complication after Laparoscopic Ventral Rectopexy
Authors: Giovanni Terrosu, Vittorio Cherchi, Umberto Baccarani, Gian Luigi Adani, Dario Lorenzin, Riccardo Pravisani, Serena Bertozzi, Sergio Calandra, Luigino Noce, Antonia Lavinia Zuliani, Andrea Risaliti
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this case report, we share our experience with an emerging complication in laparoscopic surgery caused by the use of barbed sutures for an off-label indication. We describe a postoperative volvulus caused by the adhesion of the small bowel and V-Loc suture after a ventral laparoscopic rectopexy in a 48-year-old female patient. We also suggest cutting flush the end of the V-Loc and extending the follow-up of these patients.
Imaging Findings of Jugular Foramen Meningocele in a Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Patient
Authors: Mehmet Serindere, Mustafa Tasar, Salih Hamcan, Ugur Bozlar
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder that involves autosomal dominant transmission. Skull defects, including sphenoid dysplasia and calvarial defects, are a rare finding in patients with NF1. Spinal meningocele and sphenoid wing dysplasia have been identified in NF1 but the occurrence of meningoceles at the skull base is extremely rare. A rare instance of jugular foramen meningocele being identified in an NF1 patient on imaging is described in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, only two such cases have been reported in the English literature.
Migrating Polyarthritis as a Feature of Occult Malignancy: 2 Case Reports and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Geoffrey Alan Watson, Lorraine O'Neill, Ruth Law, Geraldine McCarthy, Douglas Veale
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2015)

Malignant disease may be associated with a wide variety of musculoskeletal syndromes. Rarely the musculoskeletal system can be indirectly affected by paraneoplastic phenomena, such as carcinomatous polyarthritis (CP). The differential diagnosis for CP is broad and is often a diagnosis of exclusion. CP often presents similarly to other forms of inflammatory arthritis, and a detailed history and physical examination can often distinguish CP from other more common causes of polyarticular arthritis. However serological tests such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody positivity, while rare, can be misleading. Clinical awareness and suspicion are paramount in achieving an accurate diagnosis and early detection of an occult neoplasm is critical for prompt management and therapy. We report two cases presenting with this unique clinical phenotype associated with paraneoplastic polyarthropathy and review the literature.
Novel Use of Ex Vivo Uretero-Pyeloscopy in Autotransplantation: A Systematic Review and Case Report
Authors: Trevor Tnay, Sandra Elmer, Damien M Bolton, Nathan Lawrentschuk
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2015)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Autotransplant has been practiced for decades but is regaining popularity in the nephron-sparing era. Initially for benign disease, autotransplantation has a select role in malignant processes that warrants new techniques and ideas to ensure patient safety. We review the use of ex vivo uretero-pyeloscopy and frozen section to ensure kidneys may be utilized in a patient with suspected malignancy.
Case presentation:
A systematic review (PRISMA standard) of ex vivo uretreo-pyeloscopy was undertaken. We then present the case of a 37-year-old Caucasian female who was suspected of having ureteral obstructing malignancy; she had previous treatment of the bladder with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for recurrent urothelial malignancy. The lesion biopsies and cytology were suspicious but inconclusive, indicating nephroureterectomy was a likely course of management.
Results:
On reviewing the literature, we found that the use of ex vivo uretero-pyeloscopy has been described for urolithiasis to remove stones before transplantation but not specifically to exclude malignancy. Ultimately, in this case, the patient underwent a renal autotransplantation for obstruction that was caused by a granuloma on the background of the previous BCG treatment. Intraoperatively, ex vivo uretero-pyeloscopy and frozen section were crucial in guiding this case by allowing for appropriate identification and resection of the ureteral lesion. In addition, the preservation of ureteral length allowed for autotransplantation, which remains effective at follow-up.
Conclusion:
Ex vivo urteroscopy has been used effectively in donor kidneys to treat urolithiasis with minimal complications. We believe that this is the first documented case of ex vivo uretero-pyeloscopy being used effectively in renal autotransplantation to exclude urothelial malignancy.
De Novo Atypical Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Arnaud Devresse, Martine de Meyer, Selda Aydin, Karin Dahan, Nada Kanaan
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

De novo thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) can occur after kidney transplantation. An abnormality of the alternative pathway of complement must be suspected and searched for, even in presence of a secondary cause. We report the case of a 23-year-old female patient who was transplanted with a kidney from her mother for end-stage renal disease secondary to Hinman syndrome. Early after transplantation, she presented with 2 episodes of severe pyelonephritis, associated with acute kidney dysfunction and biological and histological features of TMA. Investigations of the alternative pathway of the complement system revealed atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome secondary to complement factor I mutation, associated with mutations in CD46 and complement factor H related protein genes. Plasma exchanges followed by eculizumab injections allowed improvement of kidney function without, however, normalization of creatinine.
Unanticipated difficult airway due to undiagnosed oropharyngeal stenosis: a case report
Authors: Mina Nishimori, Miyako Matsumoto, Hideki Nakagawa, Noriko Ichiishi
Journal: JA Clin Rep (2016)
Keywords: difficult airway, oropharyngeal stenosis, upper airway surgery

Unanticipated difficult airway is a challenging problem for anesthesiologists. Oropharyngeal stenosis (OPS) is a rare complication of upper airway surgery which may cause difficult airway. We present a patient whose postsurgical OPS was revealed during the induction of general anesthesia, and necessitated reschedule of surgery and tracheotomy. We also discuss the etiology and risk factors of postsurgical OPS.