OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor in anterior maxilla associated with a supernumerary tooth: a case report
Authors: Urvashi Sharma, Anubha Gulati, Hemant Batra, Devinderpreet Singh
Journal: J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects (2013)
Keywords: calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, intraosseous, maxilla, odontogenic tumors, supernumerary tooth
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Odontogenic tumors are derived from epithelial, ectomesenchymal and/or mesenchymal elements that are or have been a part of the tooth-forming apparatus. Of all the odontogenic tumors, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor accounts for 1% of the cases. Approximately 200 cases have been reported to date. There is no sex predilection, with a 2:1 predilection for the mandible, mostly in the premolar/molar region. It is often locally invasive. Most often, it is associated with an impacted tooth, is asymptomatic and requires biopsy for diagnosis. Presented here is a rare case of an intraosseous calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor surrounding a supernumerary tooth. Furthermore, the occurrence of this tumor in the anterior maxilla (an uncommon site) in a pediatric patient makes it rarer. Although the present case was asymptomatic, root resorption and displacement of adjacent teeth necessitated its surgical removal. The lesion was surgically enucleated and histopathological examination confirmed calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, showing abundant calcifications in the form of Liesegang rings.
Chronic Schistosomiasis Presenting with Migrating Pulmonary Manifestation after Recent COVID-19 Infection: HRCT Findings
Authors: Stijn Laveaux, Stefaan Vandecasteele, Kris Van De Moortele
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2022)
Keywords: ct, hrct, lung disease, pulmonary schistosomiasis, parasitic
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Teaching Point: Chronic pulmonary schistosomiasis should be suspected in symptomatic patients with an endemic background presenting with migrating pulmonary lesions on high resolution computed tomography scan.
Bilateral Brachial Artery Disease Presenting with Features of Raynaud's Phenomenon: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Karan Seegobin, Brittany Lyons, Satish Maharaj, Cherisse Baldeo, Pramod Reddy, James Cunningham
Journal: Case Rep Vasc Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective:
To present a case of bilateral brachial artery disease presenting with features of Raynaud's phenomenon which was successfully treated with angioplasty and stenting, together with a review of the relevant literature.
Case:
A 71-year-old female presented with a one-year history of intermittent pallor of both hands precipitated with cold objects. On examination, bilateral radial pulses were reduced. Prior photos showed pallor of the distal aspect of both palms. Angiogram showed high grade stenosis of the right brachial artery and focal occlusion with likely dissection of the left brachial artery. She underwent angioplasty and stenting for both lesions. She was asymptomatic without further episodes of Raynaud's phenomenon after five months on dual antiplatelet therapy. Upper-extremity vascular stenosis is uncommon. Structural changes in the vessel wall can cause vasospastic attacks, a mechanism described in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. We hypothesize that these attacks may have been precipitated by the bilateral brachial artery disease. Furthermore, resolution of the symptoms after stent further supports our theory.
Conclusion:
Bilateral brachial artery disease is uncommon. Physicians should consider this in patients presenting with Raynaud's phenomenon. Brachial artery stenosis and occlusion is a treatable disease with good symptomatic outcomes after angioplasty and stenting.
Short Stature Homeobox-Containing Haploinsufficiency in Seven Siblings with Short Stature
Authors: Elizabeth S Sandberg, Ali S Calikoglu, Karen J Loechner, Lydia L Snyder
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Deficiency of the short stature homeobox-containing (SHOX) gene is a frequent cause of short stature in children (2-15%). Here, we report 7 siblings with SHOX deficiency due to a point mutation in the SHOX gene. Index case was a 3-year-old male who presented for evaluation of short stature. His past medical history and birth history were unremarkable. Family history was notable for multiple individuals with short stature. Physical exam revealed short stature, with height standard deviation score (SDS) of -2.98, as well as arm span 3 cm less than his height. His laboratory workup was noncontributory for common etiologies of short stature. Due to significant familial short stature and shortened arm span, SHOX gene analysis was performed and revealed patient is heterozygous for a novel SHOX gene mutation at nucleotide position c.582. This mutation is predicted to cause termination of the SHOX protein at codon 194, effectively causing haploinsufficiency. Six out of nine other siblings were later found to also be heterozygous for the same mutation. Growth hormone was initiated in all seven siblings upon diagnosis and they have demonstrated improved height SDS.
Secretory Carcinoma of Minor Salivary Gland in Buccal Mucosa: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Durga Paudel, Michiko Nishimura, Bhoj Raj Adhikari, Daichi Hiraki, Aya Onishi, Tetsuro Morikawa, Puja Neopane, Sarita Giri, Koki Yoshida, Jun Sato, Masayuki Ono, Yoshitaka Kamino, Hiroki Nagayasu, Yoshihiro Abiko
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Secretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland was recently added to the fourth edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumors. Some salivary tumors, including acinic cell carcinoma, have been reclassified as SC. Most of these tumors are located on the parotid gland with very few cases reported in the minor salivary glands of the buccal mucosa. Herein, we present a case of SC of buccal mucosa, which appeared clinically as a benign lesion in a 54-year-old Japanese female patient. Histopathologically, the tumor cells presented with an eosinophilic cytoplasm with microcytic structure along with eosinophilic secretory material and hemosiderin deposit. Immunohistochemical staining revealed strongly positive staining for S100, vimentin, and mammaglobin and negative staining for DOG-1. The tumor was finally diagnosed as secretory carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. We present a review of the medical literature of SC arising from minor salivary glands. We found only 15 cases of SC of buccal mucosa out of 63 cases of SC in the minor salivary glands. They showed good prognoses and only one case of SC in the buccal mucosa exhibited local recurrence and lymph node metastases.
An incidental finding of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands in the skin area of the lower lip
Authors: Aditya Sood, Stella Chung, Ramazi O Datiashvili
Journal: Eplasty (2014)
Keywords: facial mass, facial pain, minor salivary gland, pleomorphic adenoma, salivary gland tumors
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Salivary gland tumors are uncommonly seen and account for less than 3% of the head and neck tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma is a well-described benign tumor of the salivary glands, originating from myoepithelial and intercalated duct cells. It is most commonly found in major salivary glands. We present a rare and unusual case of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands in the lower lip. The tumor was diagnosed upon excision of 1.5 × 1.2 cm(2) well-circumscribed nodule at the junction of the lower lip and chin in a 46-year-old man. The histopathological analysis confirmed presence of an epithelial salivary gland tumor with islands of plasmacytoid cells, and duct-like structures within a variable and mixed stroma.
Ultimate Grounding of Abstract Concepts: A Graded Account
Authors: Tim Reinboth, Igor Farkaš
Journal: J Cogn (2022)
Keywords: conceptual metaphor, embodiment, graded abstractness, grounded cognition, language

ion, one of the hallmarks of human cognition, continues to be the topic of a strong debate. The primary disagreement concerns whether or not abstract concepts can be accounted for within the scope of embodied cognition. In this paper, we introduce the embodied approach to conceptual knowledge and distinguish between embodiment and grounding, where grounding is the general term for how concepts initially acquire their meaning. Referring to numerous pieces of empirical evidence, we emphasise that, ultimately, all concepts are acquired via interaction with the world via two main pathways: embodiment and social interaction. The first pathway is direct and primarily involves action/perception, interoception and emotions. The second pathway is indirect, being mediated by language in particular. Evidence from neuroscience, psychology and cognitive linguistics shows these pathways have different properties, roles in cognition and temporal profiles. Human development also places revealing constraints on how children develop the ability to reason more abstractly as they grow up. We recognize language as a crucial cognitive faculty with several roles enabling the acquisition of abstract concepts indirectly. Three detailed case studies on body-specificity hypothesis, abstract verbs and mathematics are used to argue that a compelling case has accumulated in favour of the ultimate grounding of abstract concepts in an agent's interaction with its world, primarily relying on the direct pathway. We consolidate the debate through multidisciplinary evidence for the idea that abstractness is a graded, rather than a binary property of concepts.
Case Report: Accidental firearm injury during trophy hunting and the role of paramedics in managing such cases at rural health posts in Nepal
Authors: Alok Atreya, Samata Nepal, Ashal Timalsina, Geeta Bashyal, Lokaratna Gyawali, Jenash Acharya
Journal: F1000Res (2021)
Keywords: accidental injuries, wounds, gunshot, wounds, penetrating
MeSH terms: Firearms, Wounds, Gunshot / prevention & control, Case Reports, Adolescent, Allied Health Personnel, Humans, Hunting, Male, Nepal, Rural Health

Possession of a firearm without a certified valid license is against Nepalese law. Following a decade-long civil war, Nepal government issued stringent laws not allowing public to possess firearms without a valid reason, despite bearing a license. However, there are people who possess and use firearms for hunting purposes. The present case reports an accidental death of a teenage boy who used a musket for hunting. The present case highlights the fact that despite these stringent laws, illegal possession of arms for trophy hunting is still prevalent in rural Nepal. Furthermore, this study aims to highlight the importance of paramedics in early intervention, stabilization and transport of the sick and injured to the hospital in emergency situations. Also, recruitment of paramedics in the ambulance service might have prevented untimely death in this particular case.
Comparison of tactile, auditory, and visual modality for brain-computer interface use: a case study with a patient in the locked-in state
Authors: Tobias Kaufmann, Elisa M Holz, Andrea Kübler
Journal: Front Neurosci (2013)
Keywords: assistive technology, brain-computer interface, end-user testing, locked-in syndrome, tactile auditory and visual modality, user-centered design

This paper describes a case study with a patient in the classic locked-in state, who currently has no means of independent communication. Following a user-centered approach, we investigated event-related potentials (ERP) elicited in different modalities for use in brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. Such systems could provide her with an alternative communication channel. To investigate the most viable modality for achieving BCI based communication, classic oddball paradigms (1 rare and 1 frequent stimulus, ratio 1:5) in the visual, auditory and tactile modality were conducted (2 runs per modality). Classifiers were built on one run and tested offline on another run (and vice versa). In these paradigms, the tactile modality was clearly superior to other modalities, displaying high offline accuracy even when classification was performed on single trials only. Consequently, we tested the tactile paradigm online and the patient successfully selected targets without any error. Furthermore, we investigated use of the visual or tactile modality for different BCI systems with more than two selection options. In the visual modality, several BCI paradigms were tested offline. Neither matrix-based nor so-called gaze-independent paradigms constituted a means of control. These results may thus question the gaze-independence of current gaze-independent approaches to BCI. A tactile four-choice BCI resulted in high offline classification accuracies. Yet, online use raised various issues. Although performance was clearly above chance, practical daily life use appeared unlikely when compared to other communication approaches (e.g., partner scanning). Our results emphasize the need for user-centered design in BCI development including identification of the best stimulus modality for a particular user. Finally, the paper discusses feasibility of EEG-based BCI systems for patients in classic locked-in state and compares BCI to other AT solutions that we also tested during the study.
Long-term Response to Nivolumab and Acute Renal Failure in a Patient with Metastatic Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma and a PD-L1 Tumor Expression Increased with Sunitinib Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Juan Ruiz-Bañobre, Urbano Anido, Ihab Abdulkader, José Antúnez-López, Rafael López-López, Jorge García-González
Journal: Front Oncol (2016)
Keywords: immunotherapy, long-term response, nivolumab, papillary renal cell carcinoma, programed death-ligand 1, renal cell carcinoma, sunitinib, vascular normalization
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC), which represents around 20% of renal cell carcinomas, is a heterogeneous disease that includes different tumor types with several clinical and molecular phenotypes. Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programed cell death protein 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, has shown not only an overall survival advantage when compared to everolimus but also a relatively good side-effect profile among patients with previously treated advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Case report:
We describe a case of a young man diagnosed with PRCC that achieved a durable response to nivolumab despite a temporary suspension of the treatment due to a renal function side effect. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first renal failure secondary to nivolumab in a metastatic renal cell carcinoma patient.
Concluding remarks:
Nivolumab is a promising drug in patients with metastatic PRCC and long-term responses can be achieved. In case of acute renal failure secondary to this treatment, temporary therapy suspension and a low dose of systemic corticosteroids can recover renal function without a negative impact on treatment efficacy.
A Specific Diplotype H1j/H2 of the MAPT Gene Could Be Responsible for Parkinson's Disease with Dementia
Authors: Imane Smaili, Imane Hajjaj, Rachid Razine, Houyam Tibar, Ayyoub Salmi, Naima Bouslam, Ahmed Moussa, Wafa Regragui, Ahmed Bouhouche
Journal: Case Rep Genet (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease. Five to ten percent of patients have monogenic form of the disease, while most of sporadic PD cases are caused by the combination of genetic and environmental factors. Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) has been appointed as one of the most important risk factors for several neurodegenerative diseases including PD. MAPT is characterized by an inversion in chromosome 17 resulting in two distinct haplotypes H1 and H2. Studies described a significant association of MAPT H1j subhaplotype with PD risk, while H2 haplotype was associated with Parkinsonism, particularly to its bradykinetic component. We report here an isolated case displaying an akinetic-rigid form of PD, with age of onset of 41 years and a good response to levodopa, who developed dementia gradually during the seven years of disease progression. The patient does not carry the LRRK2 G2019S mutation, copy number variations, nor pathogenic and rare variants in known genes associated with PD. MAPT subhaplotype genotyping revealed that the patient has the H1j/H2 diplotype, his mother H1j/H1j, his two healthy brothers H1j/H1v and his deceased father was by deduction H1v/H2. The H1j/H2 diplotype was shown in a total of 3 PD patients among 80, who also did not have known PD-causing mutation and in 1 out of 92 healthy individual controls. The three patients with this diplotype all have a similar clinical phenotype. Our results suggest that haplotypes H1j and H2 are strong risk factor alleles, and their combination could be responsible for early onset of PD with dementia.
Appendiceal diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Martha Lok-Yung Hui, Justin Ho-Yin Ng, Olivia Cummings, Nelson Chen
Journal: J Surg Case Rep (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Appendiceal diverticulitis is known as a rare pathology and its etiology remains largely unknown. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with a past history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who was admitted to the Emergency Department at a rural hospital in Australia with right iliac fossa pain (RIF) and later was found to have acute appendiceal diverticulitis on histopathologic studies. Thus far, no literature has described IBD as one of the possible contributing factors of appendiceal diverticulitis. This paper aims to shed light on the possible causative relation between appendiceal diverticulitis and IBD.
Pneumomediastinum as a Manifestation of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Ahmed Alhazmi, Mohamed Moulaye Cheikh, Rola Yousef Hassan
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 38-year-old hypertensive male with a smoking history presented to the emergency room with significant hemoptysis, arthritis, and a purpuric rash. Other findings included a dropping hemoglobin and acute kidney injury with microscopic hematuria. The pulmonary computed tomography was significant for alveolar hemorrhage and a rarely reported pneumomediastinum. Along with this constellation of findings, a positive antiproteinase 3 helped to confirm this patient's diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Treatment commenced with sessions of plasma exchange and pulse steroids along with cyclophosphamide infusions. The patient had since improved and made a full recovery. This case report highlights the rarely described pneumomediastinum in association with vasculitides.
Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome (PAES) in a 17-Year-Old Adolescent
Authors: Viktor Labmayr, Aryan Aliabadi, Kurt Tiesenhausen, Marianne Brodmann, Florian Schmid, Dana Moore
Journal: Case Rep Vasc Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is caused by compression of the popliteal artery (PA) due to deranged myotendinous structures. It can be asymptomatic or may present with exercise intolerance, claudication, or even limb-threatening ischemia. The clinical picture depends on the anatomy and degree of vascular compromise.
Case description:
We report a case of a 17-year-old Caucasian male with PAES Type II presenting with intermittent claudication and progression towards acute limb ischemia.
Diagnostics:
MRI and MRA helped identifying the aberrant anatomy and thrombotic occlusion. Doppler ultrasound and conventional angiography have also been employed in a stepwise approach.
Intervention:
The thrombus at the site of occlusion was removed by the use of catheter-directed lysis. Subsequently, popliteal artery release was achieved by myotomy of the aberrant medial head of gastrocnemius muscle (MHGM) and muscle transfer to the medial femoral condyle. A three-month regimen of 60mg edoxaban was recommended after surgery.
Outcome:
Surgical correction of the anomalous anatomy and postoperative anticoagulation led to freedom of symptoms.
Lesson:
Clinical presentation of PAES mimicking peripheral artery occlusive disease is very rare but potentially limb-threatening. PAES should be considered in young and otherwise healthy individuals.
Bloody Pericardial Effusion with a Huge Pericardial Mass: A Case Report
Authors: Arezou Zoroufian, Mahmoud Shirzad, Narges Shahbazi, Mohammad Saheb Jam, Zahra Rahnamoun, Shapoor Shirani, Tahereh Davarpasand
Journal: J Tehran Heart Cent (2020)
Keywords: echocardiography, heart neoplasms, pericardial effusion, thymoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Nowadays, the early diagnosis of tumoral diseases is more possible and accurate with multiple diagnostic imaging modalities such as chest X-ray, echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, especially for cardiac tumors which are usually asymptomatic, even in large sizes. In cardiac masses, the patients' presentations are non- specific and dependent on the tumor size and site as well as its compressive effect on the adjacent structures. On the other hand, the first and last signs could be sudden cardiac death. However, cardiac masses are either benign or malignant and metastatic in their malignant type, and their definite diagnosis is only possible by surgical tumor resection and tissue biopsy. In this paper, we describe an old patient with severe pericardial effusion and an unusual intrapericardial tumor in transthoracic echocardiography, representing a rare case of a giant ectopic thymoma after surgical resection and pathologic assessment.
Internal Spreading of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report and Systemic Review
Authors: Hui Jin, Huanhuan Yan, Huamei Tang, Miao Zheng, Chaojie Wu, Jun Liu
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An 18-year-old female diagnosed finally as PTC with intrathyroid spread was reported, and the diagnosis and surgical treatment of internal spreading of PTC were discussed. One lump was found on the thyroid isthmus by physical examination and B ultrasound, and multiple nodular shadows were found by CT. This patient finally underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral central node dissection due to multifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma except PTC in the isthmus found in right lobe by intraoperative frozen section. The pathological section showed a major thyroid carcinoma in thyroid isthmus with scattered micropapillary carcinoma around it in the whole thyroid gland. The small lesions are distributed around central lesion in a radial form and the number of small lesions decreases with increased distance from central lesion. PTC with internal spread should be distinguished from multifocal PTC and poorly differentiated PTC in pathology. Thyroid cancerous node had a large diameter; it was likely to have internal spread. Combined imaging before surgery should be valued to diagnose PTC with internal spread. Preoperative CT and intraoperative frozen section are helpful for surgical volume selection of PTC with internal spread.
Dexamethasone Associated ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Four Days after an Unremarkable Coronary Angiogram-Another Reason for Cautious Use of Steroids: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Mohamed Shokr, Ahmed Rashed, Kusum Lata, Ashok Kondur
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2016)

Drug induced myocardial infarction is a known entity with different forms of steroids linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) either through promoting its traditional risk factors, inducing coronary spasm, or by other unidentified mechanisms. Dexamethasone is known to promote an atherogenic and hypercoagulable state. We report a case of a 75-year-old woman who had ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) associated with dexamethasone use just 4 days following an angiogram showing minor luminal irregularities.