OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Primary hepatic angiosarcoma with noncirrhotic portal hypertension: A case report
Authors: Xuwei Wu, Xia Yu, Qiaorong Gan, Bin Wang, Zhaowang Lin, Yu Shi, Zuxiong Huang
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: diagnosis, noncirrhotic portal hypertension, pathology, primary hepatic angiosarcoma, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is a rare malignant tumor of mesothelial tissue origin in the liver. The diagnosis of PHA relies on pathology, and it is frequently misdiagnosed as multiple hepatic hemangioma. Noncirrhotic portal hypertension is a relatively rare pathological manifestation, and there are few reports of PHA as an uncommon cause of noncirrhotic portal hypertension.
Case summary:
A 36-year-old male was admitted with abnormal liver function and suspected drug-induced liver injury (DILI), initially manifesting as multifocal hepatic hemangioma. The liver biopsy revealed features of noncirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH), and the patient was eventually diagnosed with multifocal hepatic angiosarcoma.
Conclusion:
Patients with PHA may present with NCPH in the liver due to injury to hepatic sinusoids; therefore, it is necessary to consider the possibility of unsampled vascular malignancy when hepatic masses are identified, and the histology is consistent with PHA.
Concurrent Polycythemia of Undetermined Etiology and Smouldering Plasma Cell Myeloma
Authors: Roula Katerji, Chad A Hudson
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The combination of polycythemia and plasma cell myeloma occurring concurrently is very rare and few cases have been reported in the literature. Further, the vast majority of these cases are cases of polycythemia vera and myeloma. Here, we present a case of polycythemia of undetermined etiology and myeloma. The patient is a 48-year-old Caucasian male who was originally diagnosed with polycythemia of undetermined etiology. Twelve years later, when a bone marrow biopsy was performed in an attempt to determine the etiology of the polycythemia, findings diagnostic of plasma cell myeloma were discovered. Subsequent serum studies were also consistent with a plasma cell neoplasm, while evaluation for end-organ damage was negative. A battery of genetic and biochemical tests ruled out various congenital polycythemias, leading to a final diagnosis of polycythemia of undetermined etiology and smouldering plasma cell myeloma. This case highlights that while being unusual, polycythemia and plasma cell myeloma can occur concurrently, and, in this report, we discuss both entities and potential mechanisms of the pathophysiology of the concurrent presentation.
Scientists benefit greatly from K-12 partnerships: the Panama Research Experiences for Teachers project
Authors: Bruce J MacFadden, Claudia Vargas Vergara, Bradford T Davey
Journal: Evolution (N Y) (2022)
Keywords: biology, earth sciences, evolution, gabi (great american biotic interchange), geology, paleontology, professional development, ret (research experiences for teachers), stem, scientist

Scientist-teacher partnerships are highly beneficial to K-12 STEM education. While much is known about the benefits for teachers in these partnerships, the corresponding benefits for scientists are less well known. With emphasis on the scientists' perspective, here we describe our NSF RET (Research Experiences for Teachers) project consisting of five successive cohorts from 2012 to 2016. Coincident with a "once-in-a-century" expansion of the Panama Canal, the science research focused on the paleontology, evolutionary biology, and geology of this region to better understand the ancient Neotropical biota related to the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). In the field, scientists and teachers worked together collecting fossils and geological samples. Back in the K-12 classrooms, lesson plans related to their experiences were implemented and the teachers hosted scientist role-model visits. More than 30 scientists and 44 teachers participated in this Panama "GABI RET" project. Using a new validated survey developed during this project and focus groups, we explored the impact of this project, and in particular the perceived benefits accrued by the scientists. Our study confirmed that scientists felt they improved their communication skills, had a better appreciation for the K-12 teaching professions, greatly enjoyed working with the teachers, considered them colleagues, and many wanted to continue K-12 outreach as part of their careers. Overall, scientists perceived that they greatly benefited from these partnerships. In addition to describing their activities, they had numerous recommendations for similar partnerships in the future. For example, these include: (1) having more teachers participate in multiple cohorts, (2) continued opportunities for teachers to be involved in professional meetings, (3) ongoing webinars and face-to-face engagement, and (4) more diversity of racial and ethnic backgrounds, subjects taught, and regions represented. Although this case study was focused on the GABI RET, our results also potentially inform other projects that involve scientists' education and outreach activities.
Supplementary information:
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12052-022-00177-z.
Familial Kaposi's Sarcoma: A Report of Five Cases from Greece
Authors: Kalliopi Armyra, Anargyros Kouris, Arsinoi Xanthinaki, Alexandros Stratigos, Irene Potouridou
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2014)

Introduction. Familial cases of Kaposi's sarcoma have rarely been reported. Kaposi's sarcoma is not uncommon in Greece; its incidence is estimated at 0.20 per 100.000 habitants, showing an increased predominance in the Peloponnese, in Southern Greece. Case Report. We describe five cases of familial clustering of KS originating from Greece. Discussion. The pathogenesis of familial Kaposi's sarcoma is still far from being completely understood. Genetic, environmental, and infectious factors have been incriminated.
Langerhans Cell Sarcoma: A Case Report Demonstrating Morphological and Immunophenotypical Variability within a Single Lesion
Authors: Rasika Singh, Charles Edward Keen, Christopher Stone, Patrick Sarsfield
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Langerhans cells are antigen presenting dendritic cells and tumours arising from these are rare. The tumours arising from these dendritic cells are divided into two categories according to a WHO classification: Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Langerhans cell sarcoma. It is the degree of atypia and clinical aggressiveness that distinguishes the two subtypes. Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is a neoplastic proliferation of Langerhans cells which can occur in skin, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and lung. LCS can present with multiple cutaneous and systemic lesions. We present a case of Langerhans cell sarcoma with a unique morphological appearance and variable immunohistochemical profile within a single cutaneous lesion. LCS is a rare malignancy and its diagnosis is based on morphology, immunophenotypical examination, and ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy. Our case highlights a unique morphological description of LCS wherein the pleomorphic neoplastic cells show epidermotropism and are surrounded by a variable amount of inflammatory infiltrate within a single cutaneous lesion. A single cutaneous lesion of Langerhans cell sarcoma with variable immunohistochemical profile has not been described so far.
Mycobacterium fortuitum and Polymicrobial Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Anwar Hamade, Agnieszka Pozdzik, O Denis, Monika Tooulou, Caroline Keyzer, F Jacobs, Jose Khabbout, Joëlle L Nortier
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2014)

Mycobacterium fortuitum is a ubiquitous, rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM). It is the most commonly reported NTM in peritoneal dialysis (PD) associated peritonitis. We report a case of a 52-year-old man on PD, who developed refractory polymicrobial peritonitis necessitating PD catheter removal and shift to hemodialysis. Thereafter, M. fortuitum was identified in the PD catheter culture and in successive cultures of initial peritoneal effluent and patient was treated with amikacin and ciprofloxacin for six months with a good and sustained clinical response. Months after completion of the course of antibiotics, the patient successfully returned to PD. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of M. fortuitum peritonitis in the field of polymicrobial PD peritonitis. It demonstrates the diagnostic yield of pursuing further investigations in cases of refractory PD peritonitis. In a systematic review of the literature, only 20 reports of M. fortuitum PD peritonitis were identified. Similar to our case, a delay in microbiological diagnosis was frequently noted and the Tenckhoff catheter was commonly removed. However, the type and duration of antibiotic therapy varied widely making the optimal treatment unclear.
Primary extragastrointestinal stromal tumors of the prostate: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yuxuan Yang, Dengshun Sun, Kun Tang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: case report, extragastrointestinal stromal tumors, imatinib, literature review, prostate
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the main stromal tumors of the digestive tract. Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) typically originate outside the gastrointestinal tract; are not associated with the stomach or intestinal walls; and are mainly derived from the mesentery, peritoneum, posterior peritoneum, bladder, and scrotum. However, EGISTs from the prostate are rare. Here, we present a case of EGIST that passed off in the prostate of a 62-year-old man. The patient undergoes transrectal guided trans-perineal prostate puncture, and pathological reports suggest a GIST. Tumor cells are spindle-shaped, and no obvious neoplastic necrosis is seen in the sections. Immunohistochemical results are robustly positive for CD117, DOG-1, and CD34 expression. The patient had a good prognosis after treatment with imatinib, no recurrence and no metastases after six months of follow-up, and the prognosis was good. This article also provides a literature review and discussion of the treatment of EGISTs.
An Adult Loa loa Worm in the Upper Eyelid: An Atypical Presentation of Loiasis in the United States
Authors: Linnet Rodriguez, Julia Michelle White, Nikisha Q Richards, Alan X You, Natario L Couser
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose. To report a case of ocular involvement of Loa loa parasite. Observations. We present a rare case report of a Loiasis diagnosed in the United States from a patient presenting with subcutaneous migration of an adult worm within an eyelid who was found to have systemic disease with microfilaria in his blood. This is the second report in the United States and the eighth case in published literature worldwide. Conclusions and Importance. Due to the relatively mild disease course, Loiasis is relatively ignored in public health in low resource health districts. Understandably, the focus of public health in endemic areas must focus on basic health needs like malnutrition and diseases that entail a greater disease burden. As globalization has increased the amount of trade of physical goods, the effect of immigration also has implications for the spread of infectious disease. Medical practitioners in the United States should be aware of endemic diseases from foreign lands.
Alveolar soft-part sarcoma responding to interferon alpha-2b
Authors: K J Roozendaal, B de Valk, J J A ten Velden, H J van der Woude, B B R Kroon
Journal: Br J Cancer (2003)
MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology, Interferon-alpha / pharmacology, Sarcoma / drug therapy, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / drug therapy, Case Reports, Adult, Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects, Female, Humans, Interferon alpha-2, Interferon-alpha / adverse effects, Psychotic Disorders / etiology, Recombinant Proteins, Sarcoma / pathology, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / pathology, Treatment Outcome, Antineoplastic Agents, Interferon alpha-2, Interferon-alpha, Recombinant Proteins

A 23-year-old woman with an alveolar soft-part sarcoma of her calf with pulmonary metastases unresponsive to chemotherapy is described. Interferon (IFN) alpha-2b induced an impressive tumour response still ongoing after IFN treatment had to be stopped because of a psychosis. An explanation of this effect is still speculative.
KIF5A and ALS2 Variants in a Family With Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Marta Simone, Antonio Trabacca, Elena Panzeri, Luciana Losito, Andrea Citterio, Maria Teresa Bassi
Journal: Front Neurol (2018)
Keywords: als2, charcot-marie-tooth disease, kif5a, adulthood, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hereditary spastic paraplegias, infancy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This paper describes the clinical evolution and the novel genetic findings in a KIF5A mutated family previously reported as affected by spastic paraparesis only. The additional evidence we report here, a homozygous ALS2 mutation detected in the proband, and the clinical evolution observed in the affected members of the family, are in line with the evidence of an overlap between Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis associated with variants in these genes. The proband, a 14-years-old boy, started manifesting a pure form of HSP at age 14 months. The disease rapidly progressed to a juvenile form of ALS. This boy carries a heterozygous missense variant in KIF5A p.(Glu755Lys), inherited from the father, and a homozygous missense variant in the alsin protein encoded by the ALS2 gene p.(Pro192Leu). The father shows a family history of ALS. In the last few years, he has been developing signs and symptoms of both upper and lower motor neuron degeneration, with mild bulbar motor involvement and emotional lability. The patients described in this family, confirm the continuum and partial overlap of the two clinical entities, HSP and ALS, historically viewed as distinct entities. The genetic findings in this family further substantiate the genetic bases underlying the overlap, broadening the clinical spectrum associated with KIF5A mutations.
Mechanism underlying the immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hyper-progressive state of cancer
Authors: Peng Ding, Lu Wen, Fan Tong, Ruiguang Zhang, Yu Huang, Xiaorong Dong
Journal: Cancer Drug Resist (2022)
Keywords: immune checkpoint inhibitors, hyper-progressive disease, immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment
MeSH terms: Review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are gradually replacing chemotherapy as the cornerstone of the treatment of advanced malignant tumors because of their long-lasting and significant effect in different tumor types and greatly prolonging the survival time of patients. However, not all patients can respond to ICIs, and even rapid tumor growth after treatment with ICI has been observed in a number of clinical studies. This rapid progression phenomenon is called hyper-progressive disease (HPD). The occurrence of HPD is not uncommon. Past statistics show that the incidence of HPD is 4%-29% in different tumor types, and the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with HPD are significantly shorter than those of the non-HPD progressor group. With the deepening of the study of HPD, we have established a preliminary understanding of HPD, but the diagnostic criteria of HPD are still not unified, and the addition of biomarkers may break this dilemma. In addition, quite a few immune cells have been found to be involved in the occurrence and development of HPD in the tumor microenvironment, indicating that the molecular mechanism of HPD may be triggered by a variety of ongoing events at the same time. In this review, we summarize past findings, including case reports, clinical trials, and fundamental research; compare the diagnostic criteria, incidence, and clinical prognostic indicators of HPD in different studies; and explore the molecular mechanism and future research direction of HPD.
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Ureter Similar to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Histology
Authors: Kazuhiro Watanabe, Go Hasegawa, Yohei Ikeda, Noboru Hara, Tsutomu Nishiyama
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 70-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with gross hematuria and diagnosed with right invasive ureteral cancer and bladder urothelial carcinoma in situ. Intravesical BCG therapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and gemcitabine were performed at the same time. Subsequently, laparoscopic right nephroureterectomy was performed. Urothelial carcinoma in situ persisted; however, most of the tumor was clear cell carcinoma. The clear cell carcinoma lesion had clear cytoplasm with round nuclei and visible nucleoli in an insular arrangement as is the case with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. No transitional lesion between clear cell adenocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma was presented. The clear cell carcinoma lesion was GATA3 negative and HNF4α positive; however, the urothelial cancer lesion was GATA3 positive and HNF4α negative. Clear cell carcinoma was diagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma similar to clear cell renal cell carcinoma histology.
Impalement injury by glass shard with delayed colonic perforation
Authors: Adriá Rosat, Juan Manuel Sánchez, Cristina Chocarro, Manuel Barrera
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2015)
Keywords: impalement, delayed colonic perforation, glass
MeSH terms: Colon / injuries, Foreign Bodies / complications, Intestinal Perforation / diagnosis, Wounds, Penetrating / diagnosis, Case Reports, Abdominal Pain / etiology, Accidental Falls, Aged, Glass, Humans, Intestinal Perforation / surgery, Laparotomy / methods, Male, Wounds, Penetrating / surgery

A 66-year-old man experienced a traumatic injury after a fall on top of a glass tea table, which caused some superficial lacerations all around the body. He was examined in the emergency room by a physician. The physician could not feel any foreign body upon wound exploration and sutured the laceration. Fourteen months after the injury, he developed progressive abdominal pain. On emergency room and abdominal x-ray showed a foreign body, which a CT scan revealed as an intraabdominal glass shard. The glass presumably impaled his abdominal wall as a result of his previous traumatic injury. The patient underwent laparotomy, which revealed a large glass (16x1cm) perforating the transverse colon. It was extracted and the perforation closed with a lineal stapler. There was no need of bowel resection and the patient was discharged home nine days after the intervention.
Corneal Perforation during Combination Chemotherapy including Cetuximab in a Patient with a History of Herpetic Keratitis
Authors: Keiichi Aomatsu, Koji Sugioka, Aya Kodama-Takahashi, Masahiko Fukuda, Hiroshi Mishima, Shunji Kusaka
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
To report a case of corneal perforation, in a patient with a history of herpetic keratitis, during combination chemotherapy including cetuximab.
Case:
We report the case of a 71-year-old man who was diagnosed with a hypopharyngeal carcinoma and received radiation therapy combined with cetuximab, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor monoclonal antibody. He was referred to us because of ocular hyperemia and corneal perforation in his left eye. In spite of conservative therapy, his corneal perforation was exacerbated, with iris incarceration into the wound site and exposure to the surface of the cornea. He therefore discontinued treatment with the combination chemotherapy and underwent lamellar keratoplasty using a preserved donor cornea. After treatment with cetuximab resumed, there was no recurrence of the corneal perforation.
Conclusion:
We have presented the first case of cetuximab-related corneal perforation in a patient who had a history of recurrent herpetic keratitis. EGFR inhibitors, such as cetuximab, can induce corneal perforation in cases with a history of herpetic stromal keratitis.
A case study of anorexia nervosa driven by religious sacrifice
Authors: Amelia A Davis, Mathew Nguyen
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2014)

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is considered a relatively "modern" disorder; however, a number of scholarly works have cited examples of voluntary self-starvation dating back to several centuries. In particular, there are many examples of female starvation for religious reasons during the medieval period, with many being elevated to sainthood. We present a case of an elderly woman with AN who began restricting her diet when she was 13-years old while studying to be a nun at a Catholic convent. She reports that, during the development of her disease, she had no mirrors and, rather than restricting her diet to be thin or attractive, she restricted her diet to be closer to God in hopes of becoming a Saint. This unique case presents an opportunity to deepen our understanding of AN and the cultural context that affects its development.
Bilateral Pleural Effusions due to Pulmonary Amyloidosis as the Presenting Manifestation of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Abhishek Agarwal, Sandeep Singla, Meghana Bansal, Bijay Nair
Journal: Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Multiple Myeloma is a hematologic malignancy of plasma cell origin. Pleural effusion may develop in the setting of myeloma due to various reasons but is extremely uncommon as a presenting symptom. A 69-year-old Caucasian man presented with pleural effusions of undetermined etiology after extensive work up, and multiple failed pleurodesis. Lung biopsy revealed pulmonary amyloidosis and led to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Patient was started on chemotherapy but died within 6 weeks of his diagnosis due to multiorgan failure. Pulmonary amyloidosis should be suspected as a cause of intractable pleural effusions, even in patient who do not have evidence of lung involvement on imaging studies or typical features of multiple myeloma. Pleural effusions due to amyloidosis are often refractory to treatment, and a high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and treatment.