OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Surgical-orthodontic retreatment of a severe skeletal Class III malocclusion following an orthodontic camouflage
Authors: Francisco Martino, Manuel Peña, Rony Joubert
Journal: Dental Press J Orthod (2021)
MeSH terms: Malocclusion, Angle Class III / diagnostic imaging, Malocclusion, Angle Class III / surgery, Orthognathic Surgical Procedures, Case Reports, Adolescent, Cephalometry, Humans, Male, Maxilla, Retreatment

Introduction:
Class III malocclusions are some of the most difficult occlusal anomalies to be treated. Some patients with this condition may require orthognathic surgery, while others may be treated with dental camouflage. Proper patient assessment and selection remains critical in order to achieve favorable results.
Objectives:
This report outlines the case of an 18-year-old male who sought retreatment for a severe skeletal Class III dentofacial deformity after undergoing orthodontic camouflage treatment involving mandibular arch extractions. A treatment plan comprising dental decompensation and orthognathic surgery was implemented in order to achieve optimal facial and occlusal results.
Results:
After 28 months of treatment, skeletal and dental correction was achieved and facial features were significantly improved. The orthognathic surgery required a 20-mm sagittal maxillomandibular skeletal correction, combined with a 4-mm correction of the midlines and a 2-mm impaction of the maxilla.
Conclusion:
Dental compensation may be a risky treatment alternative for severe dentoskeletal discrepancies. In these patients, orthodontics combined with orthognathic surgery is the recommended treatment option.
Fatal hemothorax caused by pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Petur Snaebjornsson, Cornelis G Vos, Koen J Hartemink, Rutger J Lely, Setareh M Samii, Katrien Grünberg, Marinus A Paul
Journal: Patholog Res Int (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present a case of a poorly differentiated pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma originating in the lung, which was manifested with the distinctly rare complication of massive true hemothorax and persistent blood loss that proved rapidly fatal in spite of surgery. Pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lung and neoplasia-associated hemothorax are reviewed and discussed.
Histoplasmosis-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an Adult Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ramona Vesna Untanu, Syed Akbar, Stephen Graziano, Neerja Vajpayee
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2016)

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive and life-threating immune dysregulation syndrome characterized by persistent activation of the mononuclear phagocytic system leading to uncontrolled systemic hyperinflammatory response. The proliferation and activation of histiocytes and lymphocytes lead to production of large amounts of cytokines, also called cytokine storm. Hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues are directly involved while other organs are damaged by circulating cytokines. Primary HLH is attributed to genetic defects of the immune system and secondary HLH is usually seen in adults secondary to malignancy, infection, or autoimmune diseases. Zoonotic diseases including fungal infections are an important cause of HLH. Secondary HLH can delay the recognition of the underlying zoonoses. We report the case of a 61-year-old female with history of rheumatoid arthritis with histoplasmosis associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Contained rupture of an aortic arch aneurysm in a patient with syphilitic aortitis. A case report
Authors: Victor Bilman, Luca Bertoglio, Germano Melissano, Roberto Chiesa
Journal: J Vasc Bras (2022)
Keywords: aortic aneurysm, aortic rupture, endovascular technique, tertiary syphilis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Syphilitic aortitis is a rare complication of tertiary syphilis, which can lead to aortic aneurysm formation, aortic valvular insufficiency, and ostial coronary stenosis. Syphilis has re-emerged worldwide over recent decades and vascular surgeons should be aware of its cardiovascular manifestations. Atypical clinical presentation, such as hemoptysis and a computed tomography angiography pattern of a thicker aneurysmal wall with ulcer-like aneurysm projections, should raise suspicion of syphilitic aortic aneurysm. An early diagnosis and appropriate surgical and medical therapies significantly contribute to successful treatment and favorable prognosis. Herein is reported the case of an 82-year-old male patient, positive for syphilis infection, with impending aortic arch aneurysm rupture treated with a hybrid arch repair. After 7 months, the patient was brought to the emergency room in cardiac arrest. Unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers were performed, and an autopsy showed cardiac tamponade due to rupture of the ascending aorta.
Extra bone chondroma of the shoulder: a case study and literature review
Authors: Soumaya Nasri, Narjisse Aichouni, Mounir Yahyaoui, Omar Agoumi, Imane Kamaoui, Imane Skiker
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: mri, soft tissue, extra-osseous chondroma, shoulder
MeSH terms: Chondroma / diagnosis, Shoulder / pathology, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / diagnosis, Case Reports, Review, Adult, Chondroma / pathology, Chondroma / surgery, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Shoulder / surgery, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / pathology, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / surgery

Extra-osseous chondroma is a benign and rare tumor. It usually sits at the extremities, we report an exceptional case of a chondroma of the soft parts of the shoulder in a 28 year old woman who manifested by a painless swelling of the left shoulder. The histology confirmed the diagnosis on the excision piece. Clinical and radiological follow-up after a 24-month follow-up did not show a sign of recurrence.
Rapid evaluation of COVID-19 related service and practice changes in health and human services using tailored methods
Authors: Eleanor Williams, Milbert Gawaya, Desiree Terrill
Journal: Front Sociol (2022)
Keywords: evaluation, health services, human services, rapid evaluation in the field, rapid methods, tailored methods

The COVID-19 pandemic required substantive delivery and practice changes for government services under tight timeframes and high public scrutiny. These urgently implemented service changes provided the opportunity for evaluators to support decision-makers to understand the impact of adaptations for those delivering and receiving health and human services. Tailored rapid evaluation methods (REM) provide a pragmatic approach to generating timely information for evidence-based policy and decision-making under these conditions. Drawing from features of a range of existing rapid evaluation models, as well as developmental and utilization-focussed evaluation theory, this article outlines the design and implementation of a novel REM approach and considers the benefits of both tailoring and standardizing rapid evaluation approaches to meet end-user needs. The tailored REM approach and mixed methods are contextualized and compared to other documented rapid evaluation models to demonstrate the purpose and value of customization. This article builds on previous descriptions of the implementation of a novel REM approach to provide a comparative account of tailored rapid evaluation methods. The article outlines the drivers that led to the selected tailoring of the REM approach, and shares lessons learned in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic by a large internal government evaluation unit (Department of Health and Human Services) in Victoria, Australia. The customized features of REM ensure that it can consider the experiences of those delivering and receiving services, and inform near-term decision-making on programme and policy design in emergency and fast-paced contexts. The article shares a case study of a rapid evaluation of telehealth in pediatric care to demonstrate insights from tailoring the REM approach in practice. The REM method was utilized with the aim of delivering findings in a time-sensitive manner to rapidly inform decision making for policy-makers. Key enablers for the tailored REM protocol include the use of multi-disciplinary teams, flexible evaluation design, and a participatory approach that facilitates stakeholder involvement throughout delivery. Insights from the case study and methods presented seek to inform practice for evaluators who intend to or may want to tailor their own rapid evaluation model in resource and time-limited settings.
The role of MDCT in the diagnosis of primary pericardial tumours: a case report and review of literature
Authors: A Aggarwal, A K Gupta, A Kapoor Aggarwal
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2015)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary pericardial tumours are very rare and are hence not usually part of our differential diagnosis, especially since they have non-specific signs and symptoms. While chest radiography remains the most common initial imaging investigation in the assessment of suspected cardiothoracic pathology, the diagnostic yield for assessing pericardial lesions is limited, often necessitating the need for further assessment with echocardiography, CT scan or MRI. We present a case of an adult male patient with an incidental primary pericardial tumour diagnosed during the routine imaging assessment of suspected pulmonary infections. After proper formulation of diagnosis, the patient was managed accordingly for pulmonary pathology and discharged on recovery. Over the years, with advancement and widespread increase in use of multidetector CT and MRI, diagnosing primary pericardial tumours has become easier. MRI has now become the modality of choice for imaging of pericardial tumours because of its better soft-tissue contrast resolution.
Acute Chest Syndrome Progressing to ARDS in a Patient of 25-Week Gestation
Authors: Jefferson Chambers, Nichole Smith, Matthew Sehring, Subramanyam Chittivelu
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute chest syndrome is a complication of sickle cell disease and represents the highest cause of mortality in those afflicted with the disorder. Pregnancy represents an increased risk for complications of sickle cell disease in both the mother and fetus. We present a case of a 20-year-old patient with known sickle cell disease who was at 25-week gestation and developed acute chest syndrome refractory to conventional therapies and requiring emergency cesarean section. Following delivery, the patient developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patient and infant eventually made full recoveries. This case highlights the importance of aggressive management of ACS and careful monitoring in a pregnant patient.
Combined Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Mucinous Tubular and Spindle Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gang Wang, Ren Yuan, Tracy Tucker, Allan B Gates, Christopher D Bellamy, Malcolm M Hayes
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A unique case of combined papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) presenting in a man aged 67 years is reported. The two separate components were distinct on morphological, immunohistochemical (IHC), and genetic grounds, while type 2 PRCC predominated. Three years after the initial diagnosis, the PRCC component metastasized to the lungs where it morphologically mimicked a pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor. Retrospectively focal neuroendocrine differentiation was demonstrated by IHC in the PRCC component of the primary neoplasm.
Renal Papillary Necrosis Caused by Protein C Deficiency Leading to Recurrent Hydronephrosis
Authors: Rohit Kumar Chugh, Vincent Olorunnisomo, Evan James Fowle, Ippolito Modica, Ira Meisels, Mantu Gupta
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A patient with history of a solitary functioning kidney and protein C deficiency (PCD) presented with recurrent severe hydronephrosis causing acute kidney injury upon chronic kidney disease. Work-up with endoscopic evaluation revealed renal papillary necrosis (RPN) and sloughed renal papillae to be the true cause of the recurrent obstruction. Pathologic evaluation of the sloughed tissue confirmed the diagnosis of RPN. This is the first case reported in the literature illustrating the unique presentation of RPN in the setting of PCD.
Measuring the coverage of nutrition interventions along the continuum of care: time to act at scale
Authors: Stuart Gillespie, Purnima Menon, Rebecca Heidkamp, Ellen Piwoz, Rahul Rawat, Melinda Munos, Robert Black, Chika Hayashi, Kuntal Kumar Saha, Jennifer Requejo
Journal: BMJ Glob Health (2019)
Keywords: child health, health systems, maternal health, nutrition, prevention strategies
MeSH terms: Review

The global community is committed to addressing malnutrition. And yet, coverage data for high-impact interventions along the continuum of care remain scarce due to several measurement and data collection challenges. In this analysis paper, we identify 24 nutrition interventions that should be tracked by all countries, and determine if their coverage is currently measured by major household nutrition and health surveys. We then present three case studies, using published literature and empirical data from large-scale initiatives, to illustrate the kind of data collection innovations that are feasible. We find that data are not routinely collected in a standardised way across countries for most of the core set of interventions. Case studies-of growth monitoring and screening for acute malnutrition, infant and young child feeding counselling, and nutrition monitoring in India-highlight both challenges and potential solutions. Advancing the nutrition intervention coverage measurement agenda is essential for sustained progress in driving down rates of malnutrition. It will require (1) global consensus on a core set of validated coverage indicators on proven, high-impact nutrition-specific interventions; (2) the inclusion of coverage measurement and indicator guidance in WHO intervention recommendations; (3) the incorporation of these indicators into data collection mechanisms and relevant intervention delivery platforms; and (4) an agenda for continuous measurement improvement.
Prostatic Utricle Cyst as the Most Likely Cause in a Case of Recurrent Episodes of Hematospermia
Authors: Grégoire Feutry, Thomas De Perrot, Gregory J Wirth, Xavier Montet, Steve P Martin
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hematospermia is a clinical symptom that raises anxiety in patients and has various causes, benign and malignant. We report a case of hematospermia for which appropriate multidisciplinary expertise favored a conservative management of a benign prostatic cyst, namely, a prostatic utricle cyst. A cystic lesion found by transrectal ultrasound in the context of hematospermia related to masturbation in a young virgin male patient was investigated with a high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and an endorectal coil. The association of high-field MRI and endorectal coil leads to high quality images.
Depicting individual responses to physical therapist led chronic pain self-management support with pain science education and exercise in primary health care: multiple case studies
Authors: Jordan Miller, Joy C MacDermid, Julie Richardson, David M Walton, Anita Gross
Journal: Arch Physiother (2017)
Keywords: chronic pain, exercise, multiple case reports, pain education, self-management
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Previous evidence suggests self-management programs for people with chronic pain improve knowledge and self-efficacy, but result in small to negligible changes in function. The purpose of this multiple case studies design was to describe the unique responses of six participants to a new self-management program aimed at improving function, to detail each component of the program, and to explore potential explanations for the varied trajectories of each of the participants.
Case presentation:
Six participants who had been experiencing chronic pain for at least 5 years were included. All participants were enrolled 6 weeks of ChrOnic pain self-ManageMent support with pain science EducatioN and exercise (COMMENCE). Participants completed an assessment at baseline, 7 weeks (1-week follow-up), and 18 weeks (12-week follow-up). Each participant had a unique initial presentation and goals. Assessments included: function as measured by the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment - Dysfunction Index, how much participants are bothered by functional difficulties, pain intensity, fatigue, pain interference, cognitive and psychological factors associated with pain and disability, pain neurophysiology, self-efficacy, satisfaction, and perceived change. The self-management program was 6-weeks in length, consisting of one individual visit and one group visit per week. The program incorporated three novel elements not commonly included in self-management programs: pain neurophysiology education, individualized exercises determined by the participants' goals, and additional cognitive behavioural approaches. Participants were all satisfied with self-management support received. Change in function was variable ranging from 59% improvement to 17% decline. Two potential explanations for variances in response, attendance and social context, are discussed. Several challenges were identified by participants as barriers to attendance.
Conclusions:
A primary care self-management intervention including pain education and individualized exercise has potential to improve function for some people with chronic pain, although strategies to improve adherence and reduce barriers to participation may be needed to optimize the impact.
Successful immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after immune-related pericarditis: Clinical case series
Authors: Adrian M Chye, Ina I C Nordman, Aaron L Sverdlov
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2022)
Keywords: cardiotoxicity, immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events, lung cancer, pericarditis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pericardial diseases secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are rare. Here, we describe two cases of immune-related pericarditis caused by ICI for treatment of advanced NSCLC. Select patients can be successfully rechallenged with ICI after immune-related pericardial disease.
A Rare Case of Congenital Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Tanvi Rege, Srujana Polsani, Belinda Jim
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2015)
Keywords: antidiuretic hormone, aquaporin, congenital, diabetes insipidus, genetic, vasopressin, vasopressin receptor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a conformation disease resulting from protein misfolding. Ninety percent of mutations result from the inactivating mutations of the arginine vasopressin receptor 2 (AVPR2) gene transmitted in an X-linked fashion, blocking the response to vasopressin, resulting in the inability to concentrate urine. Clinical features include polyuria, polydispsia, dehydration, and hypernatremia. They are generally more severely in affected males but present variably in females due to skewed inactivation of the X chromosome. We describe a case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, who presents with debilitating polyuria since the age of 5 with no clear diagnosis. Interestingly, her son was diagnosed with NDI. Genetic testing revealed that she was heterozygous for the Val88Met mutation in the AVPR2 gene while her son was hemizygous for the same. The patient has since been successfully treated with diuretics and a low solute diet. We highlight that although X-linked NDI patients are mostly males, it should be considered in symptomatic females to prevent delays in the diagnosis. Conformational diseases such as NDI are presently the subject of research using pharmacological chaperones to restore proper receptor membrane localization and function.
Case Report: Abnormalities of sperm motility and morphology in a patient with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: Improvement after idebenone therapy
Authors: Christophe Orssaud, Virginie Barraud Lange, Jean Philippe Wolf, Nathalie LeFoll, Jean Claude Soufir
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: leber hereditary optic neuropathy, idebenone, mtdna mutation, sperm motility, spermatogenesis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Case:
We report the sperm characteristics of a male patient who developed, when he was 18 years old, a Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, a hereditary optic neuropathy due to mtDNA mutation as well as variants in the nuclear DNA. At the age of 30 years-old, he complained of infertility lasting for 2 years. Semen analyses showed low motility spermatozoa and a high percentage of morphological or ultrastructural abnormalities. Levels of epididymal markers were strongly atypical. Idebenone was prescribed as treatment of his Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in order to improve his visual acuity. After 5 months of this treatment, motility of spermatozoa increased, and their vitality improved. A natural conception occurred.
Outcome:
This case is the first description of an anomaly of spermatozoas and of the epididymis epithelium in a patient with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. It draws attention to sperm pathologies in patients with mitochondrial disorders. The role of the mtDNA mutations must be suspected since it plays an important role in the development and motility of spermatozoa. In addition, idebenone can by-pass the complex I and transfer electrons to complex III. It has been suspected to have a favorable effect on spermatogenesis.
Conclusion:
This case confirms the possibility of sperm dysfunction in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy and the interest of idebenone as a treatment for infertility due to mtDNA mutations in human.
Bilateral Idiopathic Sclerochoroidal Calcifications
Authors: Venkatesh L Brahma, Sumit P Shah, Nauman A Chaudhry, Jonathan L Prenner
Journal: Open Ophthalmol J (2017)
Keywords: bartter’s syndrome, bilateral calcifications, gitelman’s syndrome, idiopathic calcifications, sclerochoroidal calcifications
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Sclerochoroidal calcification (SCC) is a rare and benign condition found mostly in middle-aged and elderly Caucasian men, characterized by multiple yellow-white lesions seen most commonly in the temporal regions of the fundus. While they may be concerning for benign tumors, primary neoplasias or metastases, SCCs most commonly present as asymptomatic findings during routine ophthalmologic testing and have a very good prognosis as they rarely cause visual deficits.
Objective:
To report and describe the findings in a case of bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.
Methods:
A retrospective case report.
Results:
Repeated ophthalmological exams, including fundoscopic examination, ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography, were all consistent bilateral idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications.
Conclusion:
While most cases of idiopathic sclerochoroidal calcifications represent a benign ophthalmological condition, there are known associations with other systemic conditions, such as hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, Bartter's syndrome and Gitelman's syndrome. It is for this reason that these patients warrant a full systemic work-up in addition to careful ophthalmological monitoring.