OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Acute esophageal necrosis: a case report and review
Authors: Mounia Lahbabi, Adil Ibrahimi, Nouredine Aqodad
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2013)
Keywords: black oesophagus, acute oesophageal necrosis, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, ischemia, necrotizing esophagitis
MeSH terms: Esophagitis / pathology, Esophagus / pathology, Case Reports, Review, Acute Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Necrosis

Acute esophageal necrosis, commonly referred to as "black esophagus" or "acute necrotizing esophagitis", is a rare clinical disorder with an unclear etiology. The definition excludes patients with a history of recent caustic ingestion. Oesophageal necrosis can be diagnosed at endoscopy by the presence of black necroting appearing oesophagus. Contrary to the caustic oesophagitis whose treatment is often surgical, treatment of the acute necrositing oesophagitis is primarily medical. The prognosis for patients who develop acute necrotizing oesophagitis is generally poor. We report a new case of acute necrotizing oesophagitis and undertook a literature review of this rare diagnosis.
Complicated Rheumatoid Nodules in Lung
Authors: Geetha Wickrematilake
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 65-year-old nonsmoker lady carrying a diagnosis of seropositive erosive rheumatoid arthritis for nine years presented with acute shortness of breath, following a spontaneous pneumothorax while on combination therapy with methotrexate, leflunomide, and tocilizumab. Imaging studies revealed multiple cavitory lung nodules, and a transbronchial lung biopsy favoured a diagnosis of rheumatoid lung nodules. Her initial pathological samples were negative for any infectious cause. A follow-up computerized tomography scan (CT scan) confirmed enlargement of lung nodules with a positive antibody test for aspergillosis which needed antifungal therapy, and currently, her arthritis is managed well with rituximab therapy, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine.
External auditory canal haemorrhage as the first sign of internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm, a rare case: a case report
Authors: Laina Ndapewa Angula, Le Sun, Ning Fang, Xin Wang
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2020)
Keywords: internal carotid artery, epistaxis, haemorrhage, pseudoaneurysm
MeSH terms: Aneurysm, False / diagnosis, Carotid Artery, Internal / pathology, Embolization, Therapeutic / methods, Hemorrhage / etiology, Case Reports, Aged, Aneurysm, False / complications, Aneurysm, False / therapy, Angiography, Blood Transfusion / methods, Ear Canal, Epistaxis / etiology, Female, Hemorrhage / therapy, Humans, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Assessing the cause, severity of bleeding and strategies to control bleeding is crucial. We describe a rare case of a patient who was presented with epistaxis and left ear haemorrhage, as a probable complication of a ruptured internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm. The massive haemorrhage compelled blood transfusion and clinical intervention. The diagnosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) pseudoaneurysm measuring 2.9 cm x 3.7 cm was concluded by computed tomography. Several coils were used to embolize the internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm and arrest the bleeding with the guidance of an angiography. Coiling the pseudoaneurysm is highly recommended. Yet, the best methods to completely treat aneurysm are still in question. After the clinical intervention, the patient remained symptom-free and no episodes of bleeding were noted.
Common bile duct villous adenoma: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Karolis Čekas, Vilius Rudaitis, Virgilijus Beiša, Valdemaras Jotautas, Dileta Rutkauskaitė, Raimundas Meškauskas, Eugenijus Stratilatovas
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Adenoma, Villous / diagnostic imaging, Bile Duct Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Common Bile Duct / pathology, Jaundice, Obstructive / diagnostic imaging, Laparotomy, Case Reports, Adenoma, Villous / complications, Adenoma, Villous / surgery, Aged, Bile Duct Neoplasms / complications, Bile Duct Neoplasms / surgery, Female, Humans, Jaundice, Obstructive / etiology, Jaundice, Obstructive / surgery, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome

Background:
According to the literature, benign bile duct tumors are exceedingly uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, we report the largest extrahepatic bile duct villous adenoma described in the literature.
Case presentation:
We present a case of a 77-year-old Caucasian woman with obstructive jaundice. Laboratory tests revealed that she had elevated bilirubin and liver enzyme levels. A computed tomographic scan showed a homogeneous 5 × 3-cm mass obstructing the common bile duct. The results of brush cytology were consistent with a bile duct villous papilloma. However, on the basis of the tumor's radiological features, a preliminary diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct malignant tumor was made. After discussion among the multidisciplinary team, a surgical resection of the bile duct tumor was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed a villous adenoma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful.
Conclusions:
In patients with bulky extrahepatic bile duct tumors, surgical resection alone may be safe and curative.
Tubercular Ascites Simulating Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome following In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer Pregnancy
Authors: Amar Ramachandran, Pratap Kumar, Naveen Manohar, Raviraj Acharya, Anita Eipe, Rajeshwari G Bhat, Lorraine Simone Dias, Padmaja Raghavan
Journal: ISRN Obstet Gynecol (2013)

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a known complication of using ovulation induction drugs in assisted reproductive techniques. Its incidence and severity vary. Tuberculosis is a very common disease in the developing world, and ascites is one of its sequelae. The newer aids in diagnosing tuberculosis include measuring levels of Adenosine DeAminase (ADA) in the third-space fluids or serum. This case report is from a tertiary care center, reflecting how tubercular ascites simulated OHSS, and the right diagnosis was made and managed. This is being presented due to its rarity.
Exophiala Keratitis following Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Ana Marta, Paula Costa, Virgínia Lopes, Miguel Mesquita Neves, Miguel Gomes, Luís Oliveira
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Purpose:
To report a case with Exophiala spp. keratitis in a Portuguese patient.
Methods:
A case report with deep corneal brown-pigmented infiltrates that developed 2 months after a Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK) for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.
Results:
Diagnosis was established by positive direct examination and cultures from the surgically obtained corneal button. Slit-lamp images and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) scans were obtained.
Conclusion:
This is the first described case of fungal keratitis caused by Exophiala spp. in Portugal and, to our knowledge, the first case following DSAEK in the literature.
Totally Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer Associated with Recklinghausen's Disease
Authors: Yoshihisa Sakaguchi, Osamu Ikeda, Kippei Ohgaki, Eiji Oki, Yoshiki Chinen, Yasuo Sakamoto, Kazuhito Minami, Yasushi Toh, Takeshi Okamura
Journal: Diagn Ther Endosc (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This paper documents the first case of gastric cancer associated with Recklinghausen's disease, which was successfully treated by a totally laparoscopic operation. A 67-year-old woman with Recklinghausen's disease was referred to this department to undergo surgical treatment for early gastric cancer. The physical examination showed multiple cutaneous neurofibromas throughout the body surface, which made an upper abdominal incision impossible. Laparoscopic surgery requiring only small incisions was well indicated, and a totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. Billroth I reconstruction was done intra-abdominally using a delta-shaped anastomosis. The patient followed a satisfactory postoperative course with no complications. Since the totally laparoscopic gastrectomy has many advantages over open surgery, it should therefore be preferentially used as a less invasive treatment in the field of gastric cancer.
Primary Cutaneous CD30+ Anaplastic Large T Cell Lymphoma in a Patient Treated with Cyclosporine for Actinic Reticuloid
Authors: T Gambichler, N Patsinakidis, L Susok, M H Segert, M Doerler
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Actinic reticuloid (AR)-a subtype of chronic actinic dermatitis-clinically and histopathologically shows lymphoma-like features. We report a male patient initially diagnosed with erythrodermic cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) who developed severe broadband photosensitivity. Clinical evaluation, histopathology, and phototesting were consistent with AR. The patient was treated with cyclosporine 150-300 mg/d. Under this therapy, he developed several times primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomas (C-ALCL) which in part tended to regress spontaneously under cyclosporine reduction. The association between cyclosporine treatment and development of C-ALCL and other CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders has previously been reported in patients with atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and transplant patients. In conclusion, the present case highlights the difficulties arising in the distinction between AR and CTCL and shows that long-term cyclosporine treatment may cause C-ALCL development in AR as well.
Case Report: Propranolol Therapy for Infantile Tremor Syndrome in a Child With Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Authors: Amélie Cyr, Ryan Frehlick, David Stammers, Megan Crone
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: hematology, infantile tremor syndrome, neurology, propranolol, vitamin b12 deficiency
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Vitamin B12 deficiency in childhood presents with a wide variety of symptoms including anemia, failure to thrive and developmental delays. It is a diagnostic consideration in children who are exclusively breastfed or have minimal solid intake, especially if their mother is vegetarian or has underlying vitamin B12 deficiency. Infantile tremor syndrome (ITS) has been associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. ITS presents with neurological symptoms such as developmental delays and tremors. The tremors seen in ITS can be profound and interfere with daily functioning. Different therapies have been tried for those tremors without much evidence or information regarding their efficacy and dosing regimens. We present the case of a 13-month-old girl with vitamin B12 deficiency who developed ITS with significant tremors after initiation of vitamin B12 therapy. She was treated with propranolol which resulted in significant improvement in her tremors. This case highlights the efficacy and safety of propranolol for the treatment of ITS in the context of vitamin B12 deficiency.
Successful Treatment With Intrathecal and Intravenous Polymyxin B-Based Combination Against MDR Acinetobacter baumannii Meningitis in Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Haiyan Xing, Caiyi Cheng, Yihua Zhang, Yongqing Cai, Xianfeng Wang, Dongmei Deng, Lunshan Xu, Minhui Xu, Jianhong Chen
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: acinetobacter baumannii, polymyxin b, intrathecal administration, meningitis, multidrug resistance, tigecycline
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Nosocomial meningitis with multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a life-threatening complication in neurosurgery. Treatment of these infections is challenging because of poor penetration of the available antibiotics into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Intrathecal (ITH) or intraventricular (IVT) administration of antibiotics is increasingly used as the last treatment option against MDR/XDR Gram-negative bacteria meningitis not responding to intravenous (IV) regimens. However, pertinent data in pediatric patients is scarce. Case Presentation: A 14-year-old male patient developed meningitis from an MDR strain of A. baumannii following endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngioma. Despite a combination therapy involving IV tigecycline, we observed clinical and bacteriologic failure. The patient was then successfully treated with an ITH and IV polymyxin B-based combination. Quantification of tigecycline and polymyxin B in CSF was performed with two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography (2D-HPLC) and HDLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), respectively. Adverse drug reactions (neurotoxicity and skin hyperpigmentation), probably induced by polymyxin B, were acceptable and reversible. Conclusions: The case illustrates ITH and IV Polymyxin B-based combination is an optimal therapeutic option against MDR A. baumannii meningitis in this pediatric patient. In the future, real-time PK/PD data obtained from patients during ITH/IVT polymyxin B therapy should be required to optimize polymyxin use with maximal efficacy and minimal adverse effects.
Massive Amniotic Fluid Aspiration in a Case of Sudden Neonatal Death With Severe Hypoplasia of the Retrotrapezoid/Parafacial Respiratory Group
Authors: Anna M Lavezzi, Antonella Poloniato, Rosanna Rovelli, Laura Lorioli, Gabriela Alejandra Iasi, Teresa Pusiol, Graziano Barera, Stefano Ferrero
Journal: Front Pediatr (2019)
Keywords: amniotic fluid inhalation, brainstem, hypoplasia, newborn, retrotrapezoid/parafacial respiratory group, sudden neonatal death
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of a baby, who, after pregnancy complicated by maternal Addison's disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis and natural delivery, unexpectedly presented a cardiorespiratory collapse and died 1 hour after birth without responding to prolonged neonatal resuscitation maneuvers. The cause of death was reliably established by carrying out a forensic postmortem examination. More specifically, the histological examination of the lungs showed the presence of abundant endoalveolar and endobronchial cornea scales caused by absorption of amniotic fluid. The neuropathological examination of the brainstem highlighted severe hypodevelopment of the retrotrapezoid/parafacial respiratory group, which is a complex of neurons located in the caudal pons that is involved in respiratory rhythm coordination, especially expiration, in conditions of enhanced respiratory drive, as well as in chemoreception. This neuropathological finding shed new light on the mechanisms underlying the massive amniotic fluid aspiration which led to this early death.
Discovering Associations: Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19
Authors: Nicholas Peterson, Kaustubh Sagdeo, Donna Tyungu, Cristin Harper, Kyle Mihaylo, Elza Pollak-Christian
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 3.6 million confirmed cases and over 254,000 deaths worldwide. It has been theorized that children who are asymptomatic or who do not display significant respiratory symptoms are potential vectors for community transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This is incompletely understood due to the current lack of widespread testing in the pediatric population. We describe a case of a 2-year-old female who presented with symptoms of prolonged fever, conjunctivitis, extremity edema, rash, dry/cracked lips, fussiness and fatigue, and a notable absence of respiratory symptoms. She was diagnosed with and treated for Kawasaki disease. Due to her prolonged fever, she was tested for COVID-19 which was positive; however, she did not develop respiratory symptoms during her illness. At the time of manuscript submission, this is the second case report to our knowledge showing an association between Kawasaki Disease and SARS-CoV-2 virus, both of which are poorly understood diseases in the pediatric population. This case highlights the value of testing pediatric patients for COVID-19 who present with fever in the absence of other symptoms to improve epidemiologic measures during the ongoing pandemic, and it also adds to a foundation of cases for future research on the presence of a link between Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19.
Case Report: Contrasting BCL2 Upregulation With Venetoclax in a Case of Refractory Lymphomatoid Papulosis and Progressive Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Valerio Guarente, Giovanni Martino, Erica Dorillo, Filomena De Falco, Chiara Rompietti, Daniele Sorcini, Mariangela Brogna, Valeria Cardinali, Stefano Ascani, Andrea Marra, Paolo Sportoletti
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: t-cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphomatoid papulosis (lyp), lymphomatoid papulosis treatment, venetoclax (bcl2 inhibitor)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 57-year-old man affected by high-risk progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), primary resistant to first-line chemoimmunotherapy, developed a type A lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) during a second progression of CLL. The two blood tumor entities were clonally unrelated. LyP presented with a diffuse (>90% body surface area) cutaneous rash and was characterized by intensely pruriginous dusky nodules (n = 10) and red flat-topped papules (n = 60). No response to topical corticosteroids and psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) phototherapy was observed. In order to effectively treat progressive TP53-mutated CLL, the potent BCL2 inhibitor, venetoclax, was initiated with no treatment-related complications. While CLL only achieved a partial response, a complete remission of LyP-associated cutaneous rash and of the intractable pruritus was obtained within 2 months from venetoclax initiation. BCL2 immunostaining of the original cutaneous specimen showed a strong over-expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, restricted to CD30+ lymphoid cells and reactive microenvironment. At 12 months follow-up, the patient is still in complete remission of LyP. Our findings underline the probable pathogenic role of BCL2 in LyP and the potential therapeutic efficacy of venetoclax for the treatment of this primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder, especially in the setting of severe and refractory disease.
The Response of Hemostatic Marker Levels to Activated Factor VII in a Neonate following Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Michael J Eisses, Michael Richards, Denise Joffe, Jeremy M Geiduschek, Wayne L Chandler
Journal: Case Rep Med (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The primary function of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is to increase thrombin formation which leads to increased fibrin and less "bleeding." As a result, most of literature utilizes "bleeding" as the outcome measure with respect to rFVIIa. However, we report the actual effect of rFVIIa on changes in hemostatic markers such as prothrombin activation peptide F1.2, thrombin antithrombin complex (TAT), D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) in a neonate after cardiopulmonary bypass. A single dose of rFVIIa caused a 5.5-fold increase in F1.2, 3.5-fold increase in TAT, and a small increase in d-dimer compared to only a 1.5-fold increase, no increase, and a decrease, respectively, in two neonates undergoing the same procedure having not received rFVIIa. The patterns of change for tPA and PAI were similar.
Midline intraprostatic cyst: An unusual cause of lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Rishi Nayyar, Pankaj Wadhwa, P N Dogra
Journal: Indian J Urol (2008)
Keywords: midline prostatic cyst, prostatic cyst, transurethral incision, transurethral marsupialization
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Symptomatic prostatic cyst presenting as obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is an infrequent diagnosis in males. Midline cysts are much more likely to obstruct the bladder outlet. We report our experience with four such cases in the last one year, along with a short review of the literature. Two of these cases had additional presenting symptoms besides LUTS - febrile Urinary tract infection (UTI) with perinephric abscess and primary infertility. One case had an anterior midline prostatic cyst which is an extremely rare entity. The remaining three had midline posterior cysts. All cases were treated with transurethral marsupialization, had good relief of symptoms and no adverse effects.
Destructive invasion of the clavicle by desmoid tumor: a case report
Authors: Guray Togral, Mustafa Turgut Yildizgoren, Murat Arikan, Safak Gungor
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2014)
Keywords: desmoid tumor, clavicle, shoulder
MeSH terms: Clavicle / pathology, Fibroma / pathology, Osteolysis / etiology, Soft Tissue Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Adult, Female, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Osteolysis / pathology

Desmoid tumors are rare, soft-tissue neoplasms that do not metastasize, but exhibit aggressive growth and local invasion. They originate most frequently from abdominal fascial structures, although they can also appear at extra-abdominal sites. The most common extra-abdominal locations include the shoulder, chest wall, back, thigh, and head and neck. In children, desmoid tumors are more infiltrative, having a tendency towards osseous involvement more frequently than in adult patients. We report acase of a supraspinatus muscle desmoid tumor in a female patient with clavicle destruction.
Clonal seborrheic keratosis: a rare skin tumor
Authors: Marwa Bouhamed, Dhouha Bacha, Fadoua Abdelmoula, Sana Ben Slama, Ahlem Lahmar, Saadia Bouraoui, Mzabi-Regaya Sabeh
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: clonal, keratosis, seborrheic
MeSH terms: Keratinocytes / pathology, Keratosis, Seborrheic / diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis, Case Reports, Biopsy, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Keratosis, Seborrheic / pathology, Middle Aged, Skin Neoplasms / pathology

Seborrheic keratosis is a benign epidermal neoplasm, representing one of the most common skin tumors. Clonal seborrheic keratosis is one of the histological subtypes of this entity. It is an uncommon lesion which may resemble other benign or malignant lesion. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman presented with a 7 year history of a gradually growing, cutaneous lesion on her left arm. On physical examination, the lesion was elevated, well-circumscribed, measuring 5 cm in maximum diameter. The tumor was biopsied. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of well-defined nests of clear-looking or basaloid keratinocytes within an acanthotic epidermis, corresponding to the Borst-Jadassohn phenomenon. The tumor cells were small and monomorphic. We diagnosed this tumor as clonal seborrheic keratosis. Although surgical excision was recommended, our patient refused an operation. This case of clonal seborrheic keratosis is presented for its rarity and for differential diagnosis.
Lymphoma-Associated Monoclonal Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis and Relationship with Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Sangeeta Mutnuri, Hania Kassem, John Badalamenti, You-Wen Qian, Christopher Marquez, Marjan Afrouzian
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of type I cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis in a patient with chronic hepatitis C who presented with acute renal failure. The renal biopsy revealed membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) due to cryoglobulinemia with unexpected monoclonal Kappa restriction on immunofluorescence microscopy, suggesting an underlying hematopoietic malignancy. The bone marrow biopsy revealed presence of marginal zone lymphoma. Our case raises awareness regarding possibility of monoclonality in the renal biopsy of HCV-infected patients and exemplifies the crucial role the renal biopsy plays in detecting lymphoid malignancies where clinical features are ambiguous.