OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Spectrum of mycobacterial pathogens responsible for head and neck tuberculosis-like presentation
Authors: Kiran Bala, Sanjana Kumari, Rabia Monga, Prem Sagar, Alok Thakar, S C Sharma, Urvashi B Singh
Journal: Access Microbiol (2021)
Keywords: mycobacterium tuberculosis, laryngeal tuberculosis, maxillary tuberculosis, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, skull base osteomyelitis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tuberculosis (TB) of the head and neck can be contained in the lymph nodes, larynx, oropharynx, salivary glands, nose and paranasal sinuses, ear, skin and skull. Head and neck TB presentations are varied in nature and thus difficult to diagnose. The clinical features, radiological findings, microbiological diagnostic modalities, surgical and medical management and outcomes of nine cases of head and neck TB are discussed in detail here, together with a thorough review of the literature. Patients presented with atypical symptoms such as discharging sinus, ear lobule swelling, otitis media, vision loss and facial weakness, long refractory otorrhoea and granulation tissue in the ear canal. We diagnosed tubercular skull base osteomyelitis (one case) and laryngeal tuberculosis (two cases), mastoid tuberculosis (one case) and non-tubercular mycobacterial infection involving the temporal bone (two cases), sino-nasal region (one case), maxilla (one cases) and ear lobule (one case) over a period of 8 months. All patients were managed successfully with a combination of surgery and a well-planned treatment regimen for non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or anti-tubercular drugs for TB. All had successful outcomes except one patient with tubercular skull base osteomyelitis who expired before the initiation of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). High clinical suspicion followed by thorough diagnostic work-up for both TB and NTM would enable early diagnosis and complete treatment.
Hypertrophy of paravertebral muscles after epidural electrical stimulation shifted: A case report
Authors: Sipeng Li, Hongtao Rong, Zhenghao Hao, Rui Tan, Haijun Li, Tao Zhu
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose, case report, epidural electrical stimulation, paravertebral muscles, spinal cord injury
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) has been used to improve motor function in patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). The effect of EES on paravertebral muscles in patients with SCI has been unnoticed. We reported a case of paravertebral muscles hypertrophy after the electrode shifted in a patient with spinal cord injury. We also discussed possible mechanistic accounts for this occurs.
Actinomyces meyeri Empyema: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hae Won Jung, Chong Rae Cho, Ji Yoon Ryoo, Hyun Kyo Lee, So Young Ha, Ji Hoon Choi, Yee Gyung Kwak
Journal: Case Rep Infect Dis (2015)

Actinomyces meyeri is an uncommon cause of human actinomycosis. Here, we report a rare case of empyema caused by A. meyeri. A 49-year-old male presented with a history of 10 days of dyspnea and chest pain. A large amount of loculated pleural effusion was present on the right side and multiple lung nodules were documented on radiological studies. A chest tube was inserted and purulent pleural fluid was drained. A. meyeri was isolated in anaerobic cultures of the pleural fluid. The infection was alleviated in response to treatment with intravenous penicillin G (20 million IU daily) and oral amoxicillin (500 mg every 8 hours) for 4 months, demonstrating that short-term antibiotic treatment was effective.
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Repair of Spontaneous Appendicovesical Fistula
Authors: Yusuf Kibar, Serdar Yalcin, Burak Kopru, Engin Kaya, Bahadir Topuz, Turgay Ebiloglu
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
To report the first case of the spontaneous appendicovesical fistulas' (AVF) repair with robot assisted laparoscopy.
Case presentation:
A 29-year-old male patient with urgent persistant bacteriuria and dysuria was referred to our clinic. Physical examination and blood tests were normal. He had used various antibiotics due to recurrent UTI for about 20 years. Computed tomography revealed the fistula tract between the distal end of the appendix and right lateral wall of the bladder dome. He was successfully treated with robot-assisted laparoscopic repair. Following this surgery, the patient's complaints were resolved completely.
Conclusion:
AVF is the rare condition. Robot-assisted laparoscopy repair of AVF is safe and effective treatment option.
Neonatal treatment of CINCA syndrome
Authors: Yan Paccaud, Gerald Berthet, Annette Von Scheven-Gête, Bernard Vaudaux, Yvan Mivelaz, Michael Hofer, Matthias Roth-Kleiner
Journal: Pediatr Rheumatol Online J (2014)
Keywords: anakinra, cinca, il-1 receptor, il-1β, nomid, neonatal treatment
MeSH terms: Antirheumatic Agents / therapeutic use, Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes / drug therapy, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / therapeutic use, Interleukin-1 / antagonists & inhibitors, Case Reports, Carrier Proteins / genetics, Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes / diagnosis, Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes / genetics, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Male, Mutation / genetics, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Antirheumatic Agents, Carrier Proteins, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein, Interleukin-1, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, NLRP3 protein, human

Chronic Infantile Neurological Cutaneous Articular (CINCA) syndrome, also called Neonatal Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID) is a chronic disease with early onset affecting mainly the central nervous system, bones and joints and may lead to permanent damage. We report two preterm infants with severe CINCA syndrome treated by anti-interleukin-1 in the neonatal period, although, so far, no experience with this treatment in infants younger than three months of age has been reported. A review of the literature was performed with focus on treatment and neonatal features of CINCA syndrome.
Case report:
Two cases suspected to have CINCA syndrome were put on treatment with anakinra in the early neonatal period due to severe clinical presentation. We observed a rapid and persistent decline of clinical signs and systemic inflammation and good drug tolerance. Diagnosis was confirmed in both cases by mutations in the NLRP3/CIAS1-gene coding for cryopyrin. As particular neonatal clinical signs polyhydramnios and endocardial overgrowth are to be mentioned.
Conclusion:
We strongly suggest that specific treatment targeting interleukin-1 activity should be started early. Being well tolerated, it can be introduced already in neonates presenting clinical signs of severe CINCA syndrome in order to rapidly control inflammation and to prevent life-long disability.
Retrocaval Ureter: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Henry Atawurah, Patrick Opoku Manu Maison, Mohammed Owusu-Ansah, Alvin Asante-Asamani
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Retrocaval ureter (RCU) is a rare congenital anomaly in which the ureter passes posterior to the inferior vena cava (IVC). A little over 200 cases have been reported worldwide since Hochstetter's first report in 1893. We present two cases of retrocaval ureter which were successfully managed at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Case 1. A 55-year-old woman presented with a history of dull right flank pain of 2 years duration. Physical examination and basic laboratory investigations performed on her were normal. Abdominal ultrasound showed right hydronephrosis and a retrograde right ureteropyelogram (RPG) showed right hydroureteronephrosis with an "S" shaped proximal ureter. A diagnosis of retrocaval ureter was made and confirmed at surgery. Case 2. A 25-year-old man presented with dull intermittent right flank pain of 1 year duration. Clinical examination and laboratory investigation were normal. Abdominal ultrasound showed right hydronephrosis and a CT urogram made a diagnosis of retrocaval ureter which was confirmed at surgery. Conclusion. Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly that is now increasingly being reported. Surgical treatment of symptomatic cases successfully relieves symptoms.
CASE REPORT Treatment of a Lower Extremity Lymphocele With Intraoperative Lymphatic Mapping
Authors: Caleb P Canders, Phuong D Nguyen, Jaco H Festekjian, George H Rudkin
Journal: Eplasty (2013)
Keywords: isosulfan blue dye, lower extremity, lymphatic mapping, lymphocele, resection

Objective:
Lower extremity lymphoceles secondary to saphenous vein grafting are exceptionally rare and there is only 1 previously reported case in the English literature. Data on treatment of lower extremity lymphoceles are limited and based on studies of groin lymphoceles. We discuss operative resection with selective ligation of feeding lymphatic vessels as a treatment option of lower extremity lymphoceles.
Methods:
A 64-year-old man who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting 6 years prior presented with a left lower extremity mass at the site where his saphenous vein had been harvested. Examination demonstrated a 12-cm, mobile, nonpulsatile mass at his medial left calf. The findings of magnetic resonance imaging were consistent with a lymphocele.
Results:
Intraoperative injection of isosulfan blue dye was used to identify feeding lymphatic vessels and the lymphocele cavity was excised. Leg drains were discontinued after 3 days, and the patient was discharged home after 6 days.
Conclusion:
Operative resection with isosulfan blue dye lymphatic mapping and selective ligation of lymphatic vessels is a viable treatment of lower extremity lymphoceles.
Case Report: Laparoscopic Approach for Orchiopexy in a 26-Year-Old Man with Accidentally Discovered Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome and Bilateral Undescended Testis
Authors: Mohamed Essam Noureldin, Ahmed Mohamed Tawfeek, Hassan S Shaker
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: laparoscopic orchiopexy, persistent müllerian duct syndrome, undescended testis in adult
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is not a common form of disorder of sex development in which Müllerian duct derivatives (fallopian tubes, uterus, and the proximal vagina) are present in an otherwise normally differentiated 46 XY male. In most of cases, the challenge comes in the procedure of orchiopexy. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 26-year-old man with PMDS. It was accidentally discovered when the patient presented to our outpatient clinic concerning about his empty scrotum as a premarital check. Diagnostic laparoscopy discovered Mullerian remnants in the form of uterus, cervix, and fallopian tubes with two attached testes to the fallopian tubes. Staged laparoscopic orchiopexy was done. We discuss the presentation, the management of this case in the literature, and our intervention. Conclusion: PMDS is not a common condition. Several concerns present in the management of these cases. Malignant transformation of the testis is the main risk facing those patients. Few literature studies discussed the risk of changing of these remnants into malignant tissue. Thus discussion with the patient, tissue histopathology, expert opinions, and literature review are the main clues in management of such cases.
Liver Failure in a Chinese Cystic Fibrosis Child With Homozygous R553X Mutation
Authors: Haiyan Li, Li Lin, Xiaoguang Hu, Changchong Li, Hailin Zhang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2019)
Keywords: cf transmembrane conductance regulator, cf-associated liver disease, cystic fibrosis, homozygous cftr mutation, liver failure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a relatively rare disease in Asians with various clinical characteristics, including CF-associated liver disease (CFLD), which is a common early non-pulmonary complication. This case report describes a Chinese CF patient harboring a homozygous nonsense mutation (c.1657C>T, p.R553X) who was failure to thrive and had intermittently diarrhea during the first year after birth. Liver function test of the patient showed the mildly and intermittently elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels ranging from 70 to 92 U/L and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels ranging from 80 to 90 U/L, which began at 8 months of age and lasted for 4 years without CF diagnosis. In addition, abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse fatty infiltration of the liver at 4 years old and gradually developed hepatic cirrhosis. Subsequently, cirrhosis rapidly progressed with obvious splenomegaly and pancreatic insufficiency and the patient died of liver failure with coagulopathy by the age of 6 years old. Pediatricians should remain vigilant to avoid failure to diagnose CF, the occurrence of which may be underestimated, and pay greater attention to the patients with atypical clinical manifestations in Asian countries.
Safety and tolerability of liquid amikacin in antibiotic-loaded bone cement - a case series
Authors: Don Bambino Geno Tai, Nathan J Brinkman, Omar Abu Saleh, Douglas R Osmon, Matthew P Abdel, Christina G Rivera
Journal: J Bone Jt Infect (2021)

High-dose liquid antibiotics are uncommon in bone cement. We present a case series of patients in which up to 16 mL of liquid amikacin (250 mg mL - 1 ) was successfully incorporated into bone cement to treat periprosthetic joint infections. We did not observe adverse drug reactions definitively attributed to its use.
Case report: Area of focus in a case of malignant hypertension
Authors: Francesca Gaia Bosisio, Desirè Mingardi, Elisabetta Moretti, Giorgia Muzi, Francesco Russomanno, Nicola Tassani, Deborah Stassaldi, Claudia Agabiti Rosei, Carolina De Ciuceis, Massimo Salvetti, Maria Lorenza Muiesan
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, case report, hypertensive emergency, left ventricular hypertrophy, malignant hypertension, organ damage, thrombotic microangiopathies
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Malignant hypertension (MH) is characterized by severe hypertension (usually grade 3) associated with fundoscopic changes (flame hemorrhages and/or papilledema), microangiopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In addition encephalopathy, acute heart failure and acute deterioration in renal function may be present. The term "malignant" reflects the very poor prognosis for this condition if untreated. When severe hypertension is associated with hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) a life-threatening situation that requires immediate but careful intervention occurs (hypertensive emergency). In the last few years an increase in the number of patients with malignant hypertension has been observed, especially among those patients with black ethnicity. Limited access to treatment and the poor adherence to anti-hypertensive therapy may contribute to the development of hypertensive emergencies. It is considered appropriate to study patients in order to rule out thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. In fact, the microvascular damage caused by malignant hypertension can favor intravascular hemolysis like Thrombotic Microangiopathies (TMs). TMs may present in three different clinical conditions: typical hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). TMs can arise in the context of other pathological processes, including malignant hypertension.
Case Report: Late-Presenting Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia With Tension Gastrothorax
Authors: Aabha A Anekar, Sumana Nanjundachar, Dhaneshgouda Desai, Jafferali Lakhani, Prakash M Kabbur
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: bochdalek hernia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, gastric volvulus, tension gastrothorax, tension pneumothorax
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs when the abdominal contents protrude into the thoracic cavity through an opening in the diaphragm. The main pathology lies in the maldevelopment or defective fusion of the pleuroperitoneal membranes. Delayed diagnosis in later childhood as in the index case reported here can lead to life-threatening complications such as tension gastrothorax and gastric volvulus. Such life-threatening conditions should be managed emergently avoiding misdiagnoses and untoward harm to the patient. We report a pediatric case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with respiratory distress, chest pain, and non-bilious vomiting. He was initially diagnosed with tension pneumothorax, and the chest x-ray was interpreted as hydropneumothorax. A chest tube placement was planned but was withheld due to excessive vomiting. A nasogastric (NG) tube was placed, and a barium-filled radiograph showed an intrathoracic presence of the stomach. A diagnosis of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia with tension gastrothorax was made. The posterolateral (Bochdalek) diaphragmatic hernia was repaired successfully. This case report highlights the importance of including a late-presenting CDH in the differential diagnoses of pediatric patients who present with respiratory distress, chest pain, non-bilious vomiting, and radiological findings suggestive of tension pneumothorax.
Staphylococcus lugdunensis pacemaker-related infection
Authors: Harald Seifert, Dirk Oltmanns, Karsten Becker, Hilmar Wisplinghoff, Christof von Eiff
Journal: Emerg Infect Dis (2005)
MeSH terms: Pacemaker, Artificial / microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections / etiology, Staphylococcus / growth & development, Case Reports, Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use, Bacteremia / drug therapy, DNA Fingerprinting, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy, Staphylococcus / genetics, Anti-Bacterial Agents

We report the first known case of a device-related bloodstream infection involving Staphylococcus lugdunensis small-colony variants. Recurrent pacemaker-related bloodstream infection within a period of 10 months illustrates the poor clinical and microbiologic response even to prolonged antimicrobial drug therapy in a patient infected with this staphylococcal subpopulation.
Minimally Invasive Resin-Bonded Inlay-Retained Cantilever Fixed Dental Prosthesis: A Clinical Report
Authors: Albandari Bin-Rubayan, Abdulaziz Samran, Ali Alqerban
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

This clinical report demonstrates the treatment of a healthy adult patient referred for prosthodontic treatment after orthodontic treatment with a resin-bonded inlay-retained cantilever fixed dental prosthesis (IRCFDP). The purpose of this report was to demonstrate the esthetic, functional, and conservative properties of a resin-bonded IRCFDP fabricated from monolithic zirconia which can be placed in posterior area in certain situations. Acceptable esthetics with a conservative and functional result were achieved by using a resin-bonded inlay-retained cantilever fixed dental prosthesis (IRCFDP). All laboratory and clinical procedures of this case report are described.
Anaphylaxis Following Human Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in a Child with Lupus Anticoagulant Hypoprothrombinemia Syndrome: A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Heshani Mediwake, Jeremy Robertson, Joanne Beggs, Jane Mason
Journal: TH Open (2018)
Keywords: coagulation factors, coagulation inhibitors, factor concentrates
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A previously healthy 3-year-old girl presented with a short history of mucocutaneous bleeding and a spontaneous left knee hemarthrosis following a nonspecific viral gastroenteritis. Initial investigations for a bleeding disorder revealed a normal platelet count; however, coagulation studies revealed a prothrombin time (PT) of 25 seconds and an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of 66 seconds (both prolonged). The APTT did not correct on mixing with normal plasma, and further testing confirmed the presence of a strong lupus anticoagulant (LA). One-stage assays of factor VIII, VII, and X were normal, but factor II was markedly reduced. Based on this distinct clinicopathological picture, a diagnosis of lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia syndrome (LAHS) was made. Due to the presence of a hemarthrosis, the patient was treated with clotting factor concentrate. Human prothrombin complex concentrate (PROTHROMBINEX-VF) was used as a source of factor II replacement; however, during the infusion the patient developed anaphylaxis necessitating resuscitation. The patient was observed without further factor replacement, and the bleeding symptoms resolved over several days. Within 3 weeks her PT and factor II had normalized but the APTT remained prolonged. After 6 months the coagulation profile had completely normalized and the LA was negative. It is unusual to require replacement of factor II in paediatric LAHS because bleeding is typically minor and self-limited. Anaphylaxis to clotting factor concentrates has not been previously reported in the context of LAHS, but is well described in patients with congenital factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B). Whilst the potential mechanism for anaphylaxis in our patient is unknown, it is recommended that human prothrombin complex concentrates should be used cautiously in paediatric LAHS.
Uretero-internal pudendal artery fistula with longterm indwelling of ureteral stent: a case report
Authors: Hideo Yuki, Yasuhiro Takayama, Masahisa Takuma, Mika Takahashi, Tadasuke Ando, Yasuhiro Sumino, Takeo Nomura, Fuminori Sato, Hiromitsu Mimata
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 74-year-old woman presenting with bilateral ureteral stricture was referred to our hospital. She had undergone radical hysterectomy and adjuvant irradiation therapy for cervical cancer in 2000. Double-J stents were inserted in both the ureters and replaced at regular intervals. Eighteen months after ureteral stenting, she complained of gross hematuria and was managed with hemostatic agents. During a routine replacement of the right double-J stent, massive bleeding was observed from the urethra which continued intermittently. The source of bleeding was not identified on computed tomography and angiography. We kept her at rest, which reduced the bleeding. However, she required intermittent transfusions. Angiography was performed at the time of bleeding on March 5, 2011. A uretero-internal pudendal artery fistula was found, and coil embolization was performed. Thereafter, hematuria did not recur up to the last followup in July 2011.