OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
An unusual presentation of tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Danica Maria Vodopivec, Jose Enrique Rubio, Alessia Fornoni, Oliver Lenz
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and secondary hypocalcemia in patients with a malignancy. When these laboratory abnormalities develop rapidly, clinical complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, acute renal failure, seizures, or death may occur. TLS is caused by rapid release of intracellular contents by dying tumor cells, a condition that is expected to be common in hematologic malignancies. However, TLS rarely occurs with solid tumors, and here we present the second chemotherapy-induced TLS in a patient with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma to be reported in the literature. We also provide information regarding the total cases of TLS in solid tumors reported from 1977 to present day. Our methodology involved identifying key articles from existing reviews of the literature and then using search terms from these citations in MEDLINE to find additional publications. We relied on a literature review published in 2003 by Baeksgaard et al., where they gathered all total 45 cases reported from 1977 to 2003. Then, we looked for new reported cases from 2004 to present day. All reports (case reports, brief reports, letters to editor, correspondence, reviews, journals, and short communications) identified through these searches were reviewed and included.
Corneal Perforation Caused by Eyelid Margin Trichilemmal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Liying Zhang, Zhirong Lin, Huping Wu, Shangkun Ou
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: blepharokeratoconjunctivitis, case report, corneal perforation, eyelid margin trichilemmal carcinoma, review (article)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC) is a rare malignant adnexal tumor most commonly found in the elderly, usually affecting the scalp, eyelids, neck and face. Here, we first reported a rare case of corneal perforation caused by eyelid margin TLC.
Case presentation:
A 68-year-old female presented with 2 months history of unprovoked redness, pain and blurred vision in the left eye. On slit-lamp examination, a 1 × 2 mm sized aseptic corneal perforation embedded by iris prolapsed was noted. Upon detailed case investigation, we speculated that the severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and subsequent Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC) could have led to corneal perforation. The patient underwent penetrating keratoplasty to prevent ulcer enlargement and infection. However, several tiny nodules gradually developed on the eyelid margin postoperatively, accompaniedby with bleeding, burst and madarosis postoperatiely. Subsequently, biopsy revealed the growth of TLC on the eyelid margin, and lesionectomy was immediately conducted During the 1-year follow-up period, no local recurrence or metastasis was observed.
Conclusions:
To date, there has not been any report of corneal perforation caused by eyelid margin TLC. Consideration of the clinical presentation, feature and histopathologist will be benefit for the dignoses and treatment of TLC. Ensuring a smooth eyelid margin by total excision of TLC and consistent followup of patient will avoid recurrence.
Characteristic radiological findings indicating the possible involvement of the hepatic hilar lymph nodes in patients with colorectal liver metastasis: Case report
Authors: Yota Kawasaki, Satoshi Iino, Tetsuya Idichi, Shinichi Ueno, Shoji Natsugoe
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: colorectal cancer liver metastasis, hepatic hilar lymph node involvement
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) concomitant with infiltration of lymph nodes (LNs) in the hepatic pedicle is difficult to manage, and is regarded as an extrahepatic metastasis; undertaking hepatectomy is controversial in such a scenario.
Case presentation:
Case 1, A 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with multiple liver metastases arising from rectal cancer along with enlargement of a retropancreatic LN. A characteristic image prior to hepatectomy demonstrated evident tumor progression from a metastatic lesion in segment 5 of the liver (S5) to the hepatic hilum along with Glisson 5. Post-operative histopathological examination revealed viable adenocarcinoma cancer cells originating from rectal cancer in all the liver metastatic lesions and retropancreatic LN. Case 2, A 89-year-old woman was diagnosed with transverse colon cancer with multiple liver metastases. Radiological examination before hepatectomy revealed tumor progression from a metastatic lesion in the segment 6 of the liver (S6) to the hepatic hilum along with Glisson 6 and LN involvement in the hepatoduodenal ligament. Post-operative histopathological examination demonstrated adenocarcinoma cancer cells in the liver metastatic lesions and in a hepatoduodenal LN.
Conclusion:
When encountering tumor progression from liver metastatic lesions to hepatic hilum along with its Glisson branch, the possibility of hepatic hilar LN involvement should be considered. Indeed, the surgical management of CRCLM with hepatic hilar LN involvement is controversial, but could be acceptable if the positive LNs are limited to the hepatic pedicle and retropancreatic area.
Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Nivolumab/Ipilimumab in a Patient with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Taylor C Peak, Elena M Fenu, Michael B Rothberg, Christopher Y Thomas, Ronald L Davis, Edward A Levine
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab represents an effective combination of checkpoint inhibitors that can lead to a durable response with minimal toxicity in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We present a case of a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab in a patient with a 13.9 cm left renal mass and significant retroperitoneal and iliac lymphadenopathy, classified as intermediate-risk mRCC. We discuss and review the literature on complete responses after systemic therapy and the ability to predict who has undergone a complete response in the face of residual radiographic evidence of disease.
Characteristics and treatment strategies of aggressive angiomyxoma in women: A retrospective review of 87 cases
Authors: Yang Wang, Xiaoling Bu, Yanxia Liu, Yu Xing, Qing Tong
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: aggressive angiomyxoma, clinical manifestations, female, gynecologic oncology, treatment strategy
MeSH terms: Review

Objective:
Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare kind of soft tissue tumor. The purpose of this study is to summarize the clinical manifestations and treatment strategy of AAM in women.
Method:
We searched the case reports on AAM in EMBASE, Web of Science and PubMed, China biomedical database, Wanfang database, VIP database, and China National Knowledge Internet from the start of database construction to November 2022 without any language restrictions in place. Then, the obtained case data were extracted, summarized, and analyzed.
Result:
A total of 74 articles were retrieved involving 87 cases. The age ranges of onset were 2-67 years. The median age at onset was 34 years. The size of the tumor varied greatly among individuals, and about 65.5% of them were asymptomatic. MRI, ultrasound, and needle biopsy were used for diagnosis. Surgery was the primary mode of treatment, but it was prone to relapse. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) might be used to reduce the tumor size before the operation and prevent recurrence after the operation. For patients who are unwilling to receive surgical treatment, GnRH-a alone could be attempted.
Conclusion:
Doctors should consider the possibility of AAM in women with genital tumors. For surgery, it must be ensured that the negative surgical margin is recommended and achieved for preventing recurrence, but we should not ignore the impact of the excessive pursuit for a negative margin on the patient's reproductive function protection and postoperative recovery. Long-term follow-up is necessary regardless of whether patients receive medical treatment or surgical treatment.
Successful management of tracheal lobular capillary hemangioma with arterial embolization followed by electrosurgical snaring via flexible bronchoscopy in an 11-year-old boy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Xiaofen Tao, Lei Wu, Shuxian Li, Yuxin Wu, Can Lai, Enguo Chen, Zhenjie Chen, Guoping Jin, Yingshuo Wang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: arterial embolization, case report, electrocautery loop snaring, flexible bronchoscopy, lobular capillary hemangioma, tracheal
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH), previously known as pyogenic granuloma, is a benign vascular lesion commonly found within the oral and nasal cavities. However, it is rarely encountered within the trachea, especially in pediatric patients, where it manifests as hemoptysis, cough, and wheeze, and is frequently misdiagnosed as bronchitis or asthma. There is limited literature on the presentation, behavior, and management of tracheal LCH. Herein, we describe a rare case of tracheal LCH in an 11-year-old boy with a history of hemoptysis, which was successfully managed with arterial embolization followed by electrocautery loop snaring via flexible bronchoscopy. No complications occurred during and after the procedure. A review of the relevant literature is also provided. Our case is unique, given the therapeutic strategy utilized for pediatric tracheal LCH, and reminds physicians to be aware of tracheal LCH in the differential diagnosis for hemoptysis.
From Clinical Diagnosis to the Discovery of Multigene Rare Sequence Variants in Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: A Case Report
Authors: Francesco Demetrio Lofaro, Dario Pasquale Mucciolo, Vittoria Murro, Laura Pavese, Daniela Quaglino, Federica Boraldi
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: abcc6, pxe, calcification, rare disease, skin
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare autosomal recessive disease clinically characterised by early cutaneous alterations, and by late clinically relevant ocular, and cardiovascular manifestations. ABCC6 genetic tests are used to confirm clinical PXE diagnosis, but this strategy may be rather challenging when only one ABCC6 pathogenic variant is found. A next-generation sequencing approach focusing on 362 genes related to the calcification process and/or to inherited retinal diseases was performed on a patient with clinical PXE diagnosis (skin papules and laxity, angioid streaks, and atrophy) who was carrier of only one ABCC6 rare sequence variant. Beside ABCC6, several rare sequence variants were detected which can contribute either to the occurrence of calcification (GGCX and SERPINF1 genes) and/or to ophthalmological manifestations (ABCA4, AGBL5, CLUAP1, and KCNV2 genes). This wide-spectrum analysis approach facilitates the identification of rare variants possibly involved in PXE, thus avoiding invasive skin biopsy as well as expensive and time-consuming diagnostic odyssey and allows to broaden and to deepen the knowledge on this complex rare disease and to improve patients' counselling, also with a future perspective of personalised medicine.
Let's Get Back to Normal? COVID-19 and the Logic of Cure
Authors: Maria Berghs
Journal: Front Sociol (2022)
Keywords: covid-19, anthropology, cure, pandemic, sociology
MeSH terms: Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has inversed certainties of absolutes of cure in everyday life but paradoxically this has occurred during a time when novel scientific advancements seem to herald a new frontier of cures for rare diseases, chronic conditions, disabilities and viruses that were previously incurable. In this paper, I illustrate the development of a logic of cure by first of all noting a lacuna in the medical sociological and anthropological literature, where although a lot of empirical research and theoretical work to understand cure has been undertaken, there has been no sociology or anthropology of cure. Using three case studies, I examine what they reveal about the logic of cure. Firstly, I argue that there is a development of a bioethics of cure in reactions of disability community and disabled people to care as cure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second case-study focuses on understanding limitations of vaccines and how people react against such indeterminancies of loss of absolutes of cure. Lastly, the final case study describes how while there are cures, for example, for rare genetic conditions, they are often initially curated with long-term cost-benefit analysis for the Global North. In conclusion, it is found that many of the developments within sociology and anthropology are missing from a logic of cure and that a new theory of cure has to develop.
Acute parenchymal hemorrhage of three cases report after burr hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Yang Wang, Xiangping Wei
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2018)
Keywords: acute parenchymal hemorrhage, burr hole drainage, chronic subdural hematoma
MeSH terms: Cerebral Hemorrhage / etiology, Craniocerebral Trauma / complications, Drainage / adverse effects, Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / surgery, Case Reports, Acute Disease, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drainage / methods, Headache / etiology, Humans, Male, Postoperative Complications / pathology, Risk Factors

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurological diseases, which mainly occurs among elderly people and usually develop after minor head injuries. Over the years, a simple burr hole evacuation of the hematoma has been accepted as the widespread method for most cases of CSDH, but acute parenchymal hemorrhage is a rare and deadly complication after surgery. We report three elderly cases of post-operative parenchymal hemorrhage and analyse the underlying factors and formulate relevant strategies in this article. Three advanced age patients had been admitted to our department with gradually increasing headache and limb activity disorder urgently and underwent an emergency operation of burr hole drainage of CSDH in frontal-temporal region after preoperative evaluations and examinations. Unfortunately, acute post-operative parenchymal hemorrhage occurred in three advanced age patients. Ultimately, the patients achieved satisfying outcome with no significant neurological deficit through conservative treatment. The exact mechanism of such uncommon complications are difficult to explain and remain poorly understood. Advanced age, hypertension, amyloidosis, high perfusion triggered by rapid hematoma release, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) loss, oral anticoagulant, primary disease aggravation were the main mechanisms which were speculated in our report. Simultaneously, positive measures could be adopt to prevent this rare complication.
A Case Report of Herpetic Whitlow with Positive Kanavel's Cardinal Signs: A Diagnostic and Treatment Difficulty
Authors: Milos Brkljac, Samer Bitar, Zafar Naqui
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2014)

Herpetic whitlow is an acute viral infection of the hand caused by either herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 or 2. Its characteristic findings are significant pain and erythema with overlying nonpurulent vesicles. The differential diagnosis includes flexor tenosynovitis. We present a case of recurrent infection of the middle finger in an immunocompetent 19-year-old girl. Multiple painful pustules with tracking cellulitis were partially treated by oral antibiotics. A recurrence with positive Kanavel's signs suggested flexor tenosynovitis at seven months. Her symptoms improved transiently following emergent surgical open flexor sheath exploration and washout however, she required two further washouts; at eleven and thirteen months to improve symptoms. Viral cultures were obtained from the third washout as HSV infection was disclosed from further history taking. These were positive for HSV2. Treatment with acyclovir at thirteen months after presentation led to a complete resolution of her symptoms with no further recurrences to date. This rare case highlights the similarity in presentation between flexor sheath infection and herpetic whitlow which can lead to diagnostic confusion and mismanagement. We emphasise the importance of careful past medical history taking as well as considering herpetic whitlow as a differential diagnosis despite the presence of strongly positive Kanavel's signs.
Popliteal Artery Entrapment or Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome?
Authors: Christopher Gaunder, Brandon McKinney, Jessica Rivera
Journal: Case Rep Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Diagnosis of lower limb pain in an athlete can be a challenging task due to the variety of potential etiologies and ambiguity of presenting symptoms. Five of the most commonly encountered causes of limb pain in athletes are chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS), medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), tibial stress fractures, soleal sling syndrome, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Of these, the least frequent but potentially most serious of the pathologies is PAES. With an incidence of less than 1% seen in living subject studies, the condition is rare. However, a missed diagnosis will likely lead to progression of the disease and potential for unnecessary invasive procedures (McAree et al. 2008). In this paper, we present a young athlete misdiagnosed and treated for chronic exertional compartment syndrome. In both descriptive and a quick-reference table format, we review current literature and discuss how best to distinguish functional PAES from other causes of activity-related leg pain.
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation Post Total Hip Replacement in the Case of Avascular Necrosis of the Femur: A Case Report
Authors: Chitrakshi A Choubisa, Akanksha R Hege, Pratik Phansopkar
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: avascular necrosis, functional independence, physical therapy, rehabilitation, total hip replacement
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Avascular necrosis of the femur is an irreversible and painful disorder in which the epiphyseal bone suffers from ischemia necrosis owing to an interruption in blood flow to the femoral head, resulting in bone destruction. Later, it leads to osteoarthritis of the hip joint. Here, we present the case of a 35-year-old male who came with a complaint of pain on the left side of the hip region for the past 15 days. Since the patient tested positive for COVID-19, he was quarantined. An X-ray was carried out once the quarantine period was completed, which revealed avascular necrosis of the left femoral head. He was advised to have a total hip replacement and underwent the surgery. After one month, the patient started experiencing pain on the right side of the hip region. He visited the rural hospital, where an X-ray was carried out, which revealed avascular necrosis of the right femoral head. For reducing pain and improving functional independence and quality of life postoperatively, a well-planned physiotherapy protocol was incorporated, which included lower limb and pelvic floor strengthening exercises and a balance training program. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Harris Hip Score have been used as outcome measures to demonstrate the efficacy of the treatment.
Staining of palatal torus secondary to long term minocycline therapy
Authors: Aravind Buddula
Journal: J Indian Soc Periodontol (2009)
Keywords: minocycline, palatal torus, staining
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Minocycline and other tetracycline analogs are well known to cause discoloring of alveolar bone, teeth and other tissues. The present case reports palatine torus discoloring, in a 91-year-old patient, after long term minocycline therapy. The patient was presented with staining of the palatal torus resulting from prior minocycline use for three-and-a-half years. The diagnosis of minocycline staining of palatal torus was done during a routine hygiene examination. The patient was informed that the bluish appearance of the palatal torus was the result of long term minocycline use. The patient was not willing to discontinue the antibiotic and was not concerned about the appearance. The clinician should inform patients on long term minocycline therapy about the possible side effects of staining of the alveolar bone, teeth and other soft tissue.
Cervical Disc Herniation Causing Brown-Séquard's Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tarush Rustagi, Siddharth Badve, Hemil Maniar, Aseem N Parekh
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Brown-Séquard's syndrome (BSS) is caused by hemisection or hemicompression of the cord leading to ipsilateral motor deficit and contralateral sensory loss. Cervical disc herniation has been reported to be a rare cause of Brown-Séquard's syndrome. We describe a rare case of multilevel cervical disc herniation presenting as BSS. The condition was confirmed by MRI scan. Cervical corpectomy, decompression, and fusion gave a satisfying result. Pertinent literature has been reviewed.
Huntington's Disease in a Patient Misdiagnosed as Conversion Disorder
Authors: João Machado Nogueira, Ana Margarida Franco, Susana Mendes, Anabela Valadas, Cristina Semedo, Gustavo Jesus
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited, progressive, and neurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorder caused by the expansion of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide in Interested Transcript (IT) 15 gene on chromosome 4. This pathology typically presents in individuals aged between 30 and 50 years and the age of onset is inversely correlated with the length of the CAG repeat expansion. It is characterized by chorea, cognitive deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. Usually the psychiatric disorders precede motor and cognitive impairment, Major Depressive Disorder and anxiety disorders being the most common presentations. We present a clinical case of a 65-year-old woman admitted to our Psychiatric Acute Unit. During the 6 years preceding the admission, the patient had clinical assessments made several times by different specialties that focused only on isolated symptoms, disregarding the syndrome as a whole. In the course of her last admission, the patient was referred to our Neuropsychiatric Team, which made the provisional diagnosis of late-onset Huntington's disease, later confirmed by genetic testing. This clinical vignette highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to atypical clinical presentations and raises awareness for the relevance of investigating carefully motor symptoms in psychiatric patients.
Genitopatellar syndrome: the first reported case in Japan
Authors: Satomi Okano, Akie Miyamoto, Ikue Fukuda, Hajime Tanaka, Kenichiro Hata, Tadashi Kaname, Yoichi Matsubara, Yoshio Makita
Journal: Hum Genome Var (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Genitopatellar syndrome (GPS) is mainly characterized by an absence of patellae, congenital flexion contractures of the lower limbs, psychomotor retardation, and anomalies of the external genitalia and kidneys. We report an 18-year-old female with a novel heterozygous truncating mutation in exon 17 of the KAT6B gene [MC_000010.11:c.3603_3606 del, p.Arg1201fs]. This is the first report of typical GPS in a Japanese individual. The details of our findings may contribute to elucidating the mechanism underlying GPS-specific clinical features.