OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Primary phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour of the lumbar spine: utility of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT findings
Authors: Junki Maehara, Koji Yamashita, Akio Hiwatashi, Osamu Togao, Kazufumi Kikuchi, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Kunio Iura, Yoshinao Oda, Isao Ichino, Yuji Nakamoto, Hiroshi Honda
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary phosphaturic mesenchymal tumours (PMTs) frequently occur in the soft tissue or bone, but rarely in the spine. The majority of patients experience long-term ostalgia and recurrent fractures. Detection of PMT can be challenging, but the clinical symptoms dramatically improve after removal of the tumour.Wepresent a case of primary PMT in the lumbar spine. CT scan showed a low-density tumour with a well-defined sclerotic margin in the L5 vertebra. MRI revealed a hypointense tumour on T2 weighted imaging and heterogeneous enhancement. 68Ga-labelled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N″, N‴-tetraacetic acid-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTATOC) positron emission tomography/CT scan demonstrated intense focal uptake within the tumour. Histologically, proliferation of oval to short spindle-shaped cells with fibrocollagenous stroma, abundant various-sized vessels, microcysts and thickened anastomosed bone trabeculae were seen. Mitotic figures were rarely seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were focally positive for fibroblast growth factor 23. The imaging findings in the current case are in accordance with the histological features. Among them, 68Ga-DOTATOC positron emission tomography/CT scan for somatostatin receptor imaging provides valuable information for determining PMT localization and characterization.
Occurrence and challenges in the management of severe chronic plaque type psoriasis in a limited resourced setting: a case report
Authors: Calypse Asangbe Ngwasiri, Ngo-Mbaki Charmaine Kwangsa, Martin Hongieh Abanda, Leopold Ndemnge Aminde
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: plaque-type psoriasis, case report, indigenous medication, treatment
MeSH terms: Immunocompetence, Psoriasis / drug therapy, Quality of Life, Case Reports, Chronic Disease, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psoriasis / pathology, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome

Plaque-type psoriasis is a major dermatosis with significant effects on quality of life. Case complexity is often high in low-resourced settings such as in Africa where the incidence has been on the rise. Despite major advancements and newer therapeutic modalities over the last decade, an insight into the real-life, day to day challenges in low resourced settings reveal an interplay between the difficulty in obtaining these drugs and use of alternative traditional indigenous agents. We report the case of a 50 year old immunocompetent male who presented with chronic and extensive well demarcated plaques covered with silver-white scales occupying about 61% of his body surface area. Patient was however lost to follow up for about 8 months during which time, the lesions responded to some unknown homemade indigenous medications which was preferred to a systemic medication. Paramount importance on proper counselling and the need to retain patients in care is warranted by physicians and allied health personnel. Also, incentives aimed at subsidizing the newer systemic agents for patients in low resourced cohorts will go a long way to combat this multi-faceted disorder which is often unrecognized and under diagnosed.
Transient urocolpos due to vesicovaginal reflux in a 37-year-old woman: a case report
Authors: Muneer Fazea, Ramzi Alnajmani, Mansour Alhameli, Faisal Ahmed, Abdullah Al-Naggar, Abdulfattah Altam, Waleed Aljbri, Qasem Alyhari, Amal Bafagih, Mohamed Badheeb
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2022)
Keywords: urocolpos, case report, computed tomography scan, incontinence, vesicovaginal reflux
MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder, Vesicovaginal Fistula, Case Reports, Adult, Cesarean Section, Female, Humans, Infant, Pelvis, Pregnancy, Vagina

Urocolpos is a urine collection in the vagina, possibly due to vesicovaginal reflux (VVR) or a fistula. Urocolpos is a rare phenomenon in adults, and it is commonly underrecognized by radiologists. The occurrence of urocolpos due to VVR after a Caesarean section in adult females is a rare phenomenon; failure to recognize it may lead to misdiagnosis as vesicovaginal fistula and often leads to unnecessary medical interventions. We report a 37-year-old female who complained of abdominal pain and intermittent daytime urinary incontinence for six months, starting after a Caesarean section for her third baby. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a large fluid-filled vagina on a full bladder without anatomical abnormality. A post-voiding scan showed a complete resolution. In conclusion, urocolpos is an underrecognized entity that rarely coexists with VVR. Post-voiding resolution and vaginal contrast reflux are important findings that can aid radiologists in identifying such cases.
The role of emotion and reflection in the development of student teachers' self-efficacy when analyzing video lessons
Authors: Anne Schlosser, Jennifer Paetsch
Journal: Front Psychol (2023)
Keywords: emotion, emotional arousal, reflection, self-efficacy, teacher education, video lessons

Introduction:
Teachers' self-efficacy is an important indicator of student teachers' preparedness for teaching. Interventions using video lessons are effective in increasing student teachers' self-efficacy. However, there is a lack of research on emotional and reflective processes in the context of video-based interventions.
Methods:
The present study examined emotions and reflection as well as their effects on changes in self-efficacy in a video-based intervention. A total of 159 student teachers participated in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups: Two groups analyzed video lessons in which group roup one received open-ended observation tasks (ig1) and group two received structured observation tasks (ig2). Participants in the control group (cg) analyzed text-based case studies with open-ended observation tasks.
Results:
The results show that self-efficacy increased with medium effect size (d = 0.68) in video group two (ig2), whose members analyzed videos using structured observation tasks but not in video group one (ig1), whose members analyzed open-ended observation tasks, and in the control group. In addition, there were significant relations between positive arousal and reflection. Finally, regression analyses showed that reflection was a significant predictor for changes in self-efficacy, whereas no significant effect of emotional arousal was detected.
Discussion:
In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that video-based interventions with structured observation tasks increased self-efficacy among student teachers. Furthermore, the findings provide novel evidence on the association between reflection, self-efficacy and emotion in video-based interventions in teacher education.
Life-Threatening Irinotecan-Induced Toxicity in an Adult Patient with Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: The Role of a UGT1A1 Polymorphism
Authors: Arnaud Jannin, Benjamin Hennart, Antoine Adenis, Bruno Chauffert, Nicolas Penel
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (AR) in adult patients is an exceptional malignancy. Management of AR is based on (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy combining ifosfamide, vincristine, and actinomycin D and local curative-intent surgery/radiotherapy. In cases of relapsing AR, the combination of temozolomide/irinotecan is regarded as a possible option. Here we describe life-threatening long-lasting toxicity related to the 1st cycle of irinotecan-based chemotherapy in a 56-year-old woman suffering from locally advanced and metastatic head and neck AR. The patient experienced grade 4 vomiting and diarrheas resulting in acute functional renal failure, associated with grade 4 neutropenia complicated by severe septic shock. The hospital stay duration was 40 days. The analysis of the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene revealed homozygous UGT1A1 ⁎28 polymorphism with an associated homozygous mutation c.-3275T>G; the latter is associated with a decrease of about 80% of UGT1A1 transcription explaining this irinotecan induced toxicity. Physician must be aware of the potential hematological (mainly neutropenia and infectious disease) and digestive (mainly diarrhea) toxicities caused by irinotecan and especially when the patient presents a UGT1A1 ⁎28 homozygous allele. UGT1A genotyping performed before initiating treatment is useful to anticipate severe toxic reaction to irinotecan and improve the benefit/risk ratio of its use.
Joint-Preserving Surgery for Hyperextension Deformity of the Hallux Interphalangeal Joint in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Takumi Matsumoto, Yuki Shimizu, Song Ho Chang, Taro Kasai, Jun Hirose, Sakae Tanaka
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Interphalangeal hyperextension is one of the major hallux deformities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis; however, there is yet no established surgical method for this deformity. We here present the case of a 69-year-old female patient with rheumatoid arthritis who developed hallux interphalangeal hyperextension and painful callosity on the plantar hallux accompanied by limited dorsiflexion at the metatarsophalangeal joint. Lateral weight-bearing radiograph of the foot revealed misalignment of the medial column and hallux, including a collapsed medial arch, elevated first metatarsal, plantar flexion and deviation of the proximal phalanx, and hyperextension of the distal phalanx. The foot was successfully treated and became symptom-free with opening wedge osteotomy of the medial cuneiform, plantar and proximal translation of the metatarsal head, and tenotomy of the extensor hallucis longus. This case suggests that reconstruction of the sagittal alignment of the medial column and hallux through a combination of osteotomy and soft tissue intervention could be an optional treatment for interphalangeal hyperextension.
Foreign body aspiration in a rare tracheal anomaly: A case report
Authors: Bassam Alghamdi, Salwa ALRashed ALHumaid, Talal Aljuhani, Fahad AlSaab
Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: airway management, foreign body aspiration, intraoperative hypoxia, rapid sequence intubation, tracheal bronchus
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Tracheal bronchus is a rare anomaly in which an accessory bronchial branch originates superior to the tracheal bifurcation. It is usually incidentally found in patients with recurrent chest infection, persistent stridor and less commonly due to foreign body aspiration.
Presentation of case:
A 6-year-old medically and surgically free boy presented to the Emergency Department with severe shortness of breath. The patient was initially saturating well, but then suddenly worsened and was rushed for intubation. The patient was taken to the operating room for direct laryngobronchoscopy to retrieve the foreign body obstructing the airway. The foreign body was successfully retrieved, and the presence of a tracheal bronchus was confirmed.
Discussion:
The presence of tracheal bronchus has its implications on airway management.
Conclusion:
Knowledge about tracheal bronchus is of great importance to the otolaryngologist and anesthetist to maintain the airway.
Efficacy and Safety Outcomes of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant Therapy for the Treatment of Adult Coats' Disease
Authors: Qingshan Chen, Saying Liang, Xizhen Wang, Chenli Hu, Jieting She, Zi Li
Journal: J Ophthalmol (2020)

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with Stage 3A Coats' disease.
Methods:
A consecutive case series of adult Coats' disease managed with or without intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex®, Allergan Inc., Irvine, California, USA) injection was retrospectively evaluated. The medical records of all included patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the application of dexamethasone implant as a DEX (+) group and DEX (-) group. Laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF agents, and vitrectomy were performed if necessary. The primary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) at month 6. Resolution of the exudative retinal detachment (ERD), subretinal fluid (SRF), and vitreous hemorrhage (VH) was also collected.
Results:
Ten eyes (10 patients) with Stage 3A Coats' disease were included, and the mean follow-up time was 9.70 ± 4.42 months. The mean age was 44.20 ± 7.42 years, and 80% were male. Six eyes (6 patients) received intravitreal injection of Ozurdex were included in the DEX (+) group, while the other 4 eyes in the DEX (-) group. No significant difference of baseline characteristics including BCVA, CRT, IOP, and follow-up time can be defined between DEX (+) and DEX (-) groups. For the patients in the DEX (+) group, a significant improvement of BCVA was observed from the baseline of 1.28 ± 0.58 to 0.84 ± 0.66 logMAR at month 6 (P=0.03), while the CRT decreased from 970.33 ± 696.49 to 421.00 ± 275.76 μm (P=0.067). For the DEX(-) group, BCVA changed from 0.76 ± 0.74 to 0.96 ± 0.60 logMAR at month 6 (P=0.066), while the CRT from 382.75 ± 17.68 to 412.75 ± 195.53 μm (P=0.525) with no significant difference. IOP was elevated from 13.15 ± 1.74 mmHg at baseline to 18.05 ± 3.57 mmHg at month 6 with a P value of 0.02 for the DEX(+) group and from 14.48 ± 1.70 to 18.83 ± 4.06 mmHg (P=0.076) for the DEX (-) group. After a mean follow-up of 9.70 months, 5/6 (83.3%) eyes in the DEX (+) group and ¼ (25%) eye in the DEX (-) group achieved reattachment of ERD.
Conclusion:
Intravitreal dexamethasone implant therapy is effective for adult Stage 3A Coats' disease, which provides a new treatment option for ophthalmologists.
An acute adrenal insufficiency revealing pituitary metastases of lung cancer in an elderly patient
Authors: Hela Marmouch, Sondes Arfa, Saoussen Cheikh Mohamed, Tensim Slim, Ines Khochtali
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2016)
Keywords: pituitary metastasis, acute adrenal insufficiency, hypopituitarism, lung cancer
MeSH terms: Adenocarcinoma / pathology, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Adrenal Insufficiency / etiology, Lung Neoplasms / pathology, Pituitary Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Case Reports, Acute Disease, Adenocarcinoma of Lung, Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / secondary, Aged, Biopsy, Bronchoscopy, Humans, Hypopituitarism / etiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pituitary Neoplasms / secondary, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Metastases of solid tumors to the pituitary gland are often asymptomatic or appereas as with diabetes insipid us. Pituitary metastases more commonly affect the posterior lobe and the infundibulum than the anterior lobe. The presentation with an acute adrenal insufficiency is a rare event. A 69-year-old men presented with vomiting, low blood pressure and hypoglycemia. Hormonal exploration confirmed a hypopituitarism. Appropriate therapy was initiated urgently. The hypothalamic-pituitary MRI showed a pituitary hypertrophy, a nodular thickening of the pituitary stalk. The chest X Rays revealed pulmonary opacity. Computed tomography scan of the chest showed a multiples tumors with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Bronchoscopy and biopsy demonstrated a pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Hence we concluded to a lung cancer with multiple pituitary and adrenal gland metastases. This case emphasizes the need for an etiological investigation of acute adrenal insufficiency after treatment of acute phase.
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis Secondary to IgA Nephropathy in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Amol M Patel, Lily Anne Romero Karam, Stephanie C Fuentes Rojas, Warren E Redfearn, Luan D Truong, Juan M Gonzalez
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lupus nephritis is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IgA nephropathy is a common type of primary glomerulonephritis. Renal manifestations in SLE patients are often due to lupus nephritis; however, renal diseases unrelated to lupus nephritis are rarely reported. While crescentic IgA nephropathy with rapid clinical progression is rare, its development in patients with SLE in the absence of lupus nephritis is even more unusual. A 74-year-old woman with a history of SLE without known renal involvement, chronic kidney disease stage IIIa, congestive heart failure, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with acute kidney injury. Her creatinine continued to rise rapidly. Renal biopsy revealed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescent formation. Immunofluorescent staining showed IgA and C3 mesangial deposition and absence of C4 and C1q, consistent with IgA nephropathy. She received a course of methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis. Unfortunately, her renal function continued to deteriorate, and she was started on hemodialysis which was continued after hospital discharge. This case illustrates crescentic IgA nephropathy without lupus nephritis as the cause of acute kidney injury in a patient with SLE. It highlights the observation that renal diseases other than lupus nephritis can develop in SLE patients.
Squamous cell carcinoma implantation in gastrostomy orifice. Case report
Authors: Ana Flávia Azevedo Querichelli, Fernanda Luiza Faria, Laura Ferreira Martinez, Eumildo de Campos Junior
Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) (2020)
MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / secondary, Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology, Gastrostomy / adverse effects, Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology, Laryngeal Neoplasms / pathology, Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology, Stomach Neoplasms / secondary, Case Reports, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy, Enteral Nutrition / adverse effects, Head and Neck Neoplasms / therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Stomach Neoplasms / surgery

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is used to provide enteral nutritional support for patients with obstructive oropharyngeal or esophageal neoplasms. The placement of the catheter is considered safe, with few complications. Despite this, a specific complication that is considered rare, has been increasingly described in the literature, i.e., metastasis of head and neck cancer in the gastrostomy stoma. In this report, we described a case of metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in the gastrostomy site, and discussed the possible etiologies and alternatives, seeking to reduce the incidence of this complication.
Small Bowel Perforation Due to Blunt Trauma of Left Leg With an Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia: A Case Report
Authors: Jianli Shao, Long Sun, Qinghui Fu
Journal: Front Surg (2021)
Keywords: case report, hernia, misdiagnosis, small bowel perforation, surgery
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a rare case of a 77-year-old man with a known left inguinal hernia presenting with groin pain following a blunt trauma of the left leg. Diagnosis of small bowel perforation away from the hernia was obtained only in surgery. Difficulty in preoperative diagnosis, rarity of histologic pattern, and surgical challenges make this case very interesting for surgeons and radiologists. Our conclusion upon dealing with the situation is that the diagnosis of small bowel perforation following blunt injury to a non-abdominal trauma is rare and difficult. The association between inguinal hernia and non-abdominal trauma may result in small bowel injuries that normally do not appear. Therefore, clinicians should be cautious in treating non-abdominal trauma patients with inguinal hernias.
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix presenting as intractable hyponatremic seizures due to paraneoplastic SIADH-a rare case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Santhosh Kuriakose, N Umadevi, Sheela Mathew, Nk Supriya, Kp Aravindan, Ds Smitha, G Amritha Malini
Journal: Ecancermedicalscience (2014)
Keywords: siadh, neuroendocrine carcinoma (nec), paraneoplastic syndromes
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Herein is presented an interesting case of small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix which initially manifests as seizures due to hyponatremia caused by paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone (SIADH). Awareness of a paraneoplastic syndrome at presentation can lead to early diagnosis and early initiation of treatment. The management is also unique in that it combines treating the paraneoplastic aspects as well as targeting the tumour itself. Multimodality treatment gives the best outcome in this aggressive tumour.
Esophageal achalasia in an adolescent in Central Africa: a case report
Authors: Trésor Kibangula Kasanga, Manix Ilunga Banza, Florent Tshibwid A Zeng, Augustin Kibonge Mukakala, Jonas Tshilolo-Yona, Williams Kalala Mpumbwa, Anatole Nyembwe Mbuyi, Olivier Tshiteya Kabeya, Sébastien Mbuyi-Musanzayi
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2021)
Keywords: esophageal achalasia, case report, child, open heller esophago-cardiomyotomy
MeSH terms: Esophageal Achalasia / diagnosis, Esophageal Achalasia / surgery, Laparoscopy, Case Reports, Adolescent, Africa, Central, Child, Fundoplication, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome

Esophageal Achalasia has rarely been reported in sub-Saharan Africa. We report a case of a 12 years old boy who has been diagnosed after experiencing dysphagia for a year and progressive wasting. Esophagogram was the only exploration available in our settings and showed classical features. He underwent a Heller esophago-cardiomyotomy with Toupet fundoplication. Postoperative period was unremarkable and BMI normalized for age and sex on the sixth postoperative month. In low settings, history is a key step which lead to clinical suspicion as esophagogram is often the only available exploration to confirm the diagnosis.
Spontaneous dislocation of lens bag with acrylic lens after uneventful cataract surgery - unusual complication of cataract surgery
Authors: Mehul A Shah, Shreya M Shah, Ruchir Mehta, Prerna Shah
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2015)
Keywords: nd
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Spontaneous dislocation of intraocular lens with bag is rare.
Methods:
We report a case of a 56-year-old male who presented with spontaneous anterior dislocation of an in-the-bag intraocular lens 3 years after manual small incision cataract surgery. He had undergone manual small incision cataract surgery with foldable acrylic intraocular lens implantation, and 18 months after cataract surgery ND: YAG capsulotomy with uneventful post capsulotomy follow-up. 17 months after capsulotomy, the patient presented with sudden decrease of vision. On anterior segment examination, the intraocular lens with bag was dislocated into the anterior chamber.
Result:
It was managed with intraocular lens explantation with bag, anterior vitrectomy and sclera fixated intraocular lens.
Conclusion:
Spontaneous intraocular lens dislocation with bag is possible after 1.5 years of uneventful surgery which may be managed using different techniques.