OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
COVIDHunter: COVID-19 Pandemic Wave Prediction and Mitigation via Seasonality Aware Modeling
Authors: Mohammed Alser, Jeremie S Kim, Nour Almadhoun Alserr, Stefan W Tell, Onur Mutlu
Journal: Front Public Health (2022)
Keywords: covid-19 outbreak simulation, epidemiological modeling, outbreak prevention and control, seasonal epidemic, vaccination
MeSH terms: COVID-19 / epidemiology, COVID-19 / prevention & control, Climate, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Pandemics, Temperature

Early detection and isolation of COVID-19 patients are essential for successful implementation of mitigation strategies and eventually curbing the disease spread. With a limited number of daily COVID-19 tests performed in every country, simulating the COVID-19 spread along with the potential effect of each mitigation strategy currently remains one of the most effective ways in managing the healthcare system and guiding policy-makers. We introduce COVIDHunter, a flexible and accurate COVID-19 outbreak simulation model that evaluates the current mitigation measures that are applied to a region, predicts COVID-19 statistics (the daily number of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths), and provides suggestions on what strength the upcoming mitigation measure should be. The key idea of COVIDHunter is to quantify the spread of COVID-19 in a geographical region by simulating the average number of new infections caused by an infected person considering the effect of external factors, such as environmental conditions (e.g., climate, temperature, humidity), different variants of concern, vaccination rate, and mitigation measures. Using Switzerland as a case study, COVIDHunter estimates that we are experiencing a deadly new wave that will peak on 26 January 2022, which is very similar in numbers to the wave we had in February 2020. The policy-makers have only one choice that is to increase the strength of the currently applied mitigation measures for 30 days. Unlike existing models, the COVIDHunter model accurately monitors and predicts the daily number of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths due to COVID-19. Our model is flexible to configure and simple to modify for modeling different scenarios under different environmental conditions and mitigation measures. We release the source code of the COVIDHunter implementation at https://github.com/CMU-SAFARI/COVIDHunter and show how to flexibly configure our model for any scenario and easily extend it for different measures and conditions than we account for.
A Rare Case of Pyogenic Granuloma in the Tooth Extraction Socket
Authors: Yosuke Iijima, Nami Nakayama, Leona Kashimata, Miki Yamada, Ryutaro Kawano, Shunsuke Hino, Takahiro Kaneko, Norio Horie
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) refers to a common, acquired, benign, and vascular tumor that arises in tissues such as the skin and mucous membranes. However, it is extremely rare for PG to arise from an empty socket after tooth extraction. Herein, we describe a rare case of PG that arose from the empty extraction socket of the second molar adjacent to a dentigerous cyst of the left mandibular wisdom tooth in a 57-year-old man. The patient's second molar was extracted during the same procedure in which the wisdom tooth and cyst were removed. Subsequently, at 42 days after surgery, an exophytic mass was found in the socket of the second molar. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was PG. Since the PG recurred 90 days after the surgery, a complete excision with bone curettage was performed. During the 12 months of follow-up, there has been no recurrence observed. In conclusion, as tooth extraction is a routine dental practice, clinicians should be aware that PGs can also develop from an extraction socket.
The Waterfall Fascia Lata Interposition Arthroplasty "Grika Technique" as Treatment of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis of the Elbow in a High-Demand Adult Patient: Validity and Reliability
Authors: Giuseppe Rollo, Roberto Rotini, Denise Eygendaal, Paolo Pichierri, Ante Prkic, Michele Bisaccia, Riccardo Maria Lanzetti, Domenico Lupariello, Luigi Meccariello
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
The elbow interposition arthroplasty is a very common procedure performed mainly on active young patients who need great functionality and for whom total joint replacement is contraindicated and arthrodesis is noncompliant. We are going to demonstrate a case of a 34-year-old male suffering from malunion of the distal humerus, elbow stiffness, and manifest signs of arthrosis of the dominant limb, treated with the IA Grika technique at a 5-year follow-up.
Patients and methods:
The chosen criteria to evaluate the injured side and the uninjured side during the clinical and radiological follow-up were the objective function and related quality of life, measured by the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), and postoperative complications. To assess flexion and supination forces and elbow muscular strength, a hydraulic dynamometer was used.
Results:
At a 5-year follow-up, the results were excellent as during the first year.
Conclusions:
The Grika technique is a valid and feasible option in the treatment of elbow injuries.
Large traumatic pneumatocele in a 2-year-old child
Authors: N K Cheung, A James, R Kumar
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2013)

Traumatic pneumatoceles are a rare complication of blunt chest trauma in children. Although they characteristically present as small, regular shaped lesions which can be safely treated nonoperatively, larger traumatic pneumatoceles pose diagnostic and management difficulties for clinicians. This case study reports one of the largest traumatic pneumatoceles reported to date in the paediatric population, which resulted in aggressive surgical intervention for both diagnostic and treatment reasons. This case adds further evidence to the current literature that significantly large traumatic pneumatoceles with failure of initial conservative management warrant surgical exploration and management to optimise recovery and prevent complications.
Utility of Nephrologist-Performed Point of Care Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Hyponatremia
Authors: Mahmud Saqib, Gregory Capelli, Abhilash Koratala
Journal: POCUS J (2022)
Keywords: pocus, vexus, hyponatremia, point of care ultrasound, venous doppler
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Point of care ultrasonography can be a valuable adjunct to conventional physical examination in patients with hyponatremia that aids in clinical decision making. It can address the shortcomings of traditional volume status assessment such as the inherent low sensitivity of 'classic' signs such as lower extremity edema. Herein, we present a case of a 35-year-old woman where discrepant clinical findings led to confusion in the accurate assessment of volume status but addition of point of care ultrasonography helped to guide the therapy.
Case Report: Diagnosis of Acute Q Fever With Aseptic Meningitis in a Patient by Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Meifeng Gu, Xiaoqin Mo, Zhenchu Tang, Jianguang Tang, Wei Wang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: coxiella burnetii, q fever, diagnostic technique, febrile illness, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mngs), neurological complications
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Query fever (Q fever) is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium of Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii). Its neurological complications are rarely reported. But they may lead to severe consequences. It needs a rapid and accurate detective method to diagnose acute Q fever with neurological presentations in non-epidemic areas urgently. Here, we report an acute Q fever case with aseptic meningitis. The male patient, without any contact history in the epidemic area or with animals, was indicated to exhibit fever and headache symptoms. The cultures of blood, stool, urine, and sputum were all negative. But C. burnetii was repeatedly detected in blood by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). He received Doxycycline therapy and quickly returned to normal. Therefore, for the diagnosis and identification of Q fever in non-reporting regions, mNGS has comparative advantages. Secondly, aseptic meningitis may be a direct infection of C. burnetii to central nervous system (CNS) or inflammatory reactions to systemic infection, we recommend detecting mNGS both in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Case report: Occupational poisoning incident from a leak of chloroacetyl chloride in Jinan, Shandong, China
Authors: Lanlan Guo, Xiangxing Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhou, Mengdi Shi, Xiangdong Jian, Laidong Dong
Journal: Front Public Health (2023)
Keywords: chloroacetic acid, chloroacetyl chloride, hydrogen chloride, myocardial damage, occupational accident
MeSH terms: Caustics, Case Reports, China, Eye, Humans, chloroacetyl chloride, Caustics

Chloroacetyl chloride is a potent acylation agent that decomposes violently in water to produce chloroacetic acid and irritant hydrogen chloride. It and its decomposition products are corrosive to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system and can cause multiple organ failure. Herein, we report cases of poisoning by chloroacetyl chloride and its decomposition products in the skin and respiratory system. After exposure, one patient developed vomiting, irritability, coma, hypoxemia, hypotension, acidosis, and hypokalemia. Another patient developed bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and decreased vision. One patient died and two recovered. Chloroacetyl chloride and its decomposition products are corrosive and can damage multiple organs after absorption through the skin and respiratory tract, leading to severe heart failure. Cardiogenic shock may be the primary cause of early mortality.
Prenatal Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Diagnosed in a Fetus with Partial Trisomy 13q22
Authors: Shana S Dalal, Teresa Berry, Veronica Maria Pimentel
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is a rare neoplasm that arises from a totipotent stem cell in Henson's node. It has rarely been associated with chromosomal abnormalities. We present a unique case of a 25-year-old primigravida at 19 weeks and 5 days of gestation found to have an exophytic complex mass with cystic and solid components in the sacral region. This mass was consistent with a sacrococcygeal teratoma. The patient had originally declined genetic screening. After the ultrasound and genetic counseling, she opted to have cell-free fetal DNA screening that was positive for Trisomy 13. Amniocentesis was performed to confirm the diagnosis. The karyotype demonstrated an abnormality of chromosome 13 and microarray demonstrated a complex structural abnormality of chromosome 13 with large regions of copy number gain. The patient underwent a dilation and evacuation at 23 weeks and 2 days. No fetal autopsy was done. This is a case of a prenatally diagnosed sacrococcygeal teratoma associated with Trisomy 13. It illustrates the diagnostic importance of amniocentesis in setting of fetal anatomical abnormalities on ultrasound. For patients who are reluctant to undergo amniocentesis, cell-free DNA results may provide the additional evidence of the need for diagnostic tests.
Pneumothorax In Covid-19 Pneumonia: A case series
Authors: Mansoor Hameed, Wasim Jamal, Muhammad Yousaf, Merlin Thomas, Irfan Ul Haq, Shakeel Ahmed, Mushtaq Ahmad, Mohamad Khatib
Journal: Respir Med Case Rep (2020)
Keywords: 19 computed tomography sars-cov −2, pneumothorax covid
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It mainly affects the lungs and common symptoms are fever, cough and shortness of breath. Pneumothorax has been noted to complicate Covid-19 cases requiring hospital admission, however the exact incidence and risk factors are still unknown.
Discussion:
We present a series of 3 cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax with Covid-19 pneumonia. All cases in our series did not require positive pressure ventilation and none had any pre-existing lung disease. All were never smokers and had favourable outcomes despite having severe Covid-19 with a pneumothorax during the course of the disease. In our literature review we discuss several plausible mechanisms and risk factors resulting in a pneumothorax with Covid-19.
Conclusion:
Our cases are a reminder that an acute deterioration with hypoxia in a Covid-19 patient could indicate a pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is one of the reported complications in Covid-19 and clinician vigilance is required during assessment of patients, as both share the common symptom of breathlessness and therefore can mimic each other.
Unicystic mural ameloblastoma: an unusual case report
Authors: V Nagalaxmi, Mithare Sangmesh, Kotya Naik Maloth, Srikanth Kodangal, Vani Chappidi, Stuti Goyal
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2013)

Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic neoplasm which frequently affects the mandible. The term ameloblastoma includes several clinicoradiological and histological types. Apart from the most commonly encountered clinicopathologic models, there are few variants, whose biological profile is unknown or not elicited. Among these types, unicystic ameloblastoma is the least encountered variant of the ameloblastoma. Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a jaw cyst but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation. Unicystic ameloblastoma is a less encountered variant of the ameloblastoma and is believed to be less aggressive. As this tumor shows considerable similarities with dentigerous cysts, both clinically and radiographically, the biologic behaviour of this tumor group was reviewed. Moreover, recurrence of unicystic ameloblastoma may be long delayed, and a long-term postoperative followup is essential for proper management of these patients. Here we are presenting a case of unicystic ameloblastoma in an 18-year-old female patient.
Rapid Ascending Sensorimotor Paralysis, Hearing Loss, and Fatal Arrhythmia in a Multimorbid Patient due to an Accidental Overdose of Fluoxetine
Authors: Matthew Herrmann, Prissilla Xu, Antonio Liu
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) include tachycardia, drowsiness, tremor, nausea, and vomiting. Although SSRIs have less toxic side effects compared to more traditional antidepressants, serious and life threatening cases of SSRI overdose have been reported. We describe a 24-year-old multimorbid female who presented to the emergency department with rapid onset ascending sensorimotor paralysis, complicated by respiratory and cardiac arrest, found to have fatal levels of fluoxetine by toxicological analysis, not taken in a suicidal act.
Results:
Autopsy was performed at the Los Angeles County Medical Examiner's Office of a female with no evidence of traumatic injury. Toxicological analysis revealed lethal levels of fluoxetine, toxic levels of diphenhydramine, and multiple other coingested substances at nontoxic levels. Neuropathological examination of the brain and spinal cord revealed no evidence of Guillain-Barre paralysis.
Conclusions:
Lethal levels of fluoxetine and multiple potential drug-to-drug interactions in our patient likely contributed to her unique signs and symptoms. This is the first case reporting neurologic signs and symptoms consisting of rapid onset ascending sensorimotor paralysis, hearing loss, respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and death in a patient with lethal levels of fluoxetine.
Ventilator Management of Bronchopleural Fistula Secondary to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Necrotizing Pneumonia in a Pregnant Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ahmed F Alohali, Saleh Abu-Daff, Kamardeen Alao, Mohammed Almaani
Journal: Case Rep Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Managing mechanical ventilation in patient with bronchopleural fistula with coexisting acute respiratory distress syndrome is a challenging situation for the intensivist. We are reporting a case of a pregnant patient with systemic lupus erythematosus on immunosuppressive medications who developed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia complicated by bronchopleural fistula and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Advanced Genetic Testing Comes to the Pain Clinic to Make a Diagnosis of Paroxysmal Extreme Pain Disorder
Authors: Ashley Cannon, Svetlana Kurklinsky, Kimberly J Guthrie, Douglas L Riegert-Johnson
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2016)

Objective. To describe the use of an advanced genetic testing technique, whole exome sequencing, to diagnose a patient and their family with a SCN9A channelopathy. Setting. Academic tertiary care center. Design.
Case report:
Case Report. A 61-year-old female with a history of acute facial pain, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and constipation was found to have a gain of function SCN9A mutation by whole exome sequencing. This mutation resulted in an SCN9A channelopathy that is most consistent with a diagnosis of paroxysmal extreme pain disorder. In addition to the patient being diagnosed, four siblings have a clinical diagnosis of SCN9A channelopathy as they have consistent symptoms and a sister with a known mutation. For treatment, gabapentin was ineffective and carbamazepine was not tolerated. Nontraditional therapies improved symptoms and constipation resolved with pelvic floor retraining with biofeedback. Conclusion. Patients with a personal and family history of chronic pain may benefit from a referral to Medical Genetics. Pelvic floor retraining with biofeedback should be considered for patients with a SCN9A channelopathy and constipation.
Case Report: Diagnosis of vertebral alveolar echinococcosis upon next-generation sequencing in a suspected tuberculosis
Authors: Tiange Song, Shengkun Peng, Xiaoli Zhou, Li Jiang, Jie Zhang
Journal: Front Surg (2022)
Keywords: alveolar echinococcosis, case report, diagnosis, next-generation sequencing, tuberculosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by larval stages of Echinococcus multilocularis, is a rare zoonotic disease that mainly involves the liver. The diagnosis of extrahepatic AE is usually difficult. Here, we describe a rare case of vertebral alveolar echinococcosis with a suspected history of spinal tuberculosis, diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).
Case presentation:
A 44-year-old woman presented with repetitive neck and back pain, with a surgical history of suspected spinal tuberculosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cystic masses in the craniocervical junction region and effusion around lumbar vertebrae. Multiple culture tests were performed to detect tuberculosis and other pathogens through puncture of the effusion and of cerebrospinal fluid, but the results were all negative. Finally, mNGS of the effusion fluid was performed and Echinococcus multilocularis were detected. The results were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
Conclusion:
This case emphasizes a role of mNGS in the diagnosis of infectious diseases with unknown pathogen. As a newly emerged sensitive and accurate diagnostic strategy, mNGS provides clinicians an opportunity to clarify pathogens in complicated infectious cases, especially in patients with a history of multiple infections.
Soft tissue extramedullary plasmacytoma
Authors: Fernando Ruiz Santiago, Manuel Tello Moreno, Aurelio Martín Castro, Luis Guzmán Alvarez, Pedro Navarrete González
Journal: Case Rep Med (2010)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present the uncommon case of a subcutaneous fascia-based extramedullary plasmacytoma in the leg, which was confirmed by the pathology report and followed up until its remission. We report the differential diagnosis with other more common soft tissue masses. Imaging findings are nonspecific but are important to determine the tumour extension and to plan the biopsy.
Sentinel Node Biopsy and Lumpectomy in a Patient with Machado-Joseph Disease
Authors: N N Aldawoodi, A R Escher Jr, A Padalia, D Padalia
Journal: Case Rep Anesthesiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Patients present with cerebellar ataxia, dystonia, rigidity, and neuropathy that worsen with time. On a molecular level, it occurs due to a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the ATXN3 gene. Due to the risk of pulmonary aspiration, hypoventilation, autonomic and thermoregulatory dysfunction, vocal cord paralysis, progressive paraplegia, parkinsonian symptoms, and chronic pain, it has significant anesthesia implications. Rarely, case reports occur in the literature describing regional anesthetic management of patients with SCA3, but none that describe general anesthesia specifically with MJD. We therefore describe a case of a patient with SCA3 who successfully underwent general anesthesia and considerations for perioperative management of this patient population.
Vertebral Artery Compression Syndrome
Authors: Qi Li, Peng Xie, Wen-Song Yang, Bernard Yan, Stephen Davis, Louis R Caplan
Journal: Front Neurol (2019)
Keywords: compression, imaging, intracranial arterial dolichoectasia, stroke, vertebral artery, vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia

Objective: We aim to propose the term "vertebral artery compression syndrome" to describe a group of patients with a variety of clinical symptoms caused by vertebral artery compression of the medulla or spinal cord. Methods: We conducted the prospective case study in a university teaching hospital. Eleven patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of vertebral artery compression syndrome and 22 age- and sex- matched controls were recruited. Clinical presentation and radiological findings of patients with vertebral artery compression syndrome were assessed and recorded. The basilar artery diameter was measured at the midpons level on T2 weighted MR images and compared between both groups. Results: Medullary compression was observed in 10 of 11 patients. The most common clinical presentation is dizziness, vertigo, imbalance, or ataxia followed by limb weakness. Cervical spinal cord compression was observed in one patient who presented with neck pain and left leg weakness. The mean basilar artery diameter was similar between patients and controls (3.95 ± 0.41 vs. 3.81 ± 0.43 mm). Conclusions: Vertebral artery compression of medulla and spinal cord may cause various clinical symptoms. Future studies are needed to further clarify the prevalence, natural history and treatment of this condition.