OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Leiomyoma of the mandible in a child
Authors: Bvr Reddy, B Shoba Rani, Ch Anuradha, P Chandrasekhar, R Shamala, Kp Lingamaneni
Journal: J Oral Maxillofac Pathol (2011)
Keywords: immunohistochemistry, leiomyoma, smooth muscle tumor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Leiomyomas are the benign tumors of the smooth muscle that usually arise in the gastrointestinal system and in the uterus. Oral leiomyomas are uncommon due to the paucity of the smooth muscles in the mouth (except in blood vessels) and those of the mandible are extremely rare. Leiomyomas have been classified as solid, angiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma), and epithelioid variants. Here, we report a rare case of leiomyoma of the mandible in a 9-year-old child, together with conventional histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings.
Case Report: Use of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Low Doses in Patients With Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Danfeng Ren, Wenya Cao, Xiaojing Liu, Qunying Han, Wanhu Fan, Guoliang Li, Han Xia, Xi Zhang
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2021)
Keywords: amphotericin b (amb), case series, liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb), the low-dose l-amb therapy, visceral leishmaniasis (vl)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: No consensus has been reached regarding the optimal therapy for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which affects ~12 million people worldwide. Case Presentation: This report described four cases of VL encountered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between October 2019 and December 2020. Of the four patients, one patient experienced relapse after antimonial treatment, and the remaining patients had primary VL (including one patient with impaired kidney function and one patient with hemophagocytic syndrome). All patients received a novel treatment protocol, namely the low-dose L-AmB therapy, which was characterized by a low initial dose, cautious dose escalation, and low-dose therapy as maintenance. All patients were cured without severe complications, and there was no further recurrence during follow-up. Conclusions: This case series demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the low-dose L-AmB therapy for VL patients, providing novel treatment protocol for the VL.
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: a case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Dea Kejlberg Jensen, Anders Villumsen, Anne-Bine Skytte, Mia Gebauer Madsen, Mette Sommerlund, Elisabeth Bendstrup
Journal: Eur Clin Respir J (2017)
Keywords: birt–hogg–dubé, cysts, fibrofolliculoma, folliculin, pneumothorax, renal cancer
MeSH terms: Review

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the folliculin coding gene (FLCN). The clinical manifestations of the syndrome involve the skin, lungs, and kidneys. Because of the rarity of the syndrome, guidelines for diagnosis and management of the patients with BHDS are lacking. Objective: To present a case story and a review of the literature on BHDS in order to give an update on genetics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and follow-up strategies. Design: Literature review and case story. Results: A PubMed and Embase search identified 330 papers. BHDS is characterized by small benign tumors in the skin, spontaneous pneumothoraces caused by cysts in the lungs and a seven-fold increased risk of renal cancer. A case story of a young female patient presenting with pneumothorax and a family history of recurrent pneumothoraces in many relatives illustrates how the history and the diagnostic work up resulted in a diagnosis of BHDS. Conclusion: BHDS is a rare inherited disorder. In patients with spontaneous pneumothorax or cystic lung disease without any obvious explanation, BHDS should be considered. Concomitant skin manifestations, a family history of familiar pneumothorax, renal cancers and skin manifestations supports the suspicion of BHDS. Early diagnosis is important in order to subject patients to systematic screening for renal cancers. A radiological surveillance strategy for renal cancer is proposed.
Indication to open anatrophic nephrolithotomy in the twenty-first century: a case report
Authors: Alfredo Maria Bove, Emanuela Altobelli, Maurizio Buscarini
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2012)

Introduction. Advances in endourology have greatly reduced indications to open surgery in the treatment of staghorn kidney stones. Nevertheless in our experience, open surgery still represents the treatment of choice in rare cases. Case Report. A 71-year-old morbidly obese female patient complaining about occasional left flank pain, and recurrent cystitis for many years, presented bilateral staghorn kidney stones. Comorbidities were obesity (BMI 36.2), hypertension, type II diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmunary disease (COPD) hyperlipidemia. Due to these comorbidities, endoscopic and laparoscopic approaches were not indicated. We offered the patient staged open anatrophic nephrolithotomy. Results. Operative time was 180 minutes. Blood loss was 500 cc. requiring one unit of packed red blood cells. Hospital stay was 7 days. The renal function was unaffected based on preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine levels. Stone-free status of the left kidney was confirmed after surgery with CT scan. Conclusions. Open surgery can represent a valid alterative in the treatment of staghorn kidney stones of very selected cases. A discussion of the current indications in the twenty-first century is presented.
Pure Uterine Lipoma and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver: Concurrence of a Rare Tumor and Another Incidental Finding
Authors: Mohammad Hossein Anbardar, Neda Soleimani, Seyed Ali Malek-Hosseini, Shirin Moradmand
Journal: Case Rep Pathol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Fatty uterine tumors, especially pure uterine lipoma, are very rare, but clinically and radiologically, they can mimic other primary benign and malignant uterine neoplasms. Case Report. A multipara 61-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding for 3 months. Assessment by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperechoic mass in the uterine corpus. Furthermore, during radiologic investigation, there was an incidental isoechoic mass in the left lobe of the liver. Pure uterine lipoma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia were diagnosed.
Conclusion:
Pure lipoma of the uterus, even though rare, has to be kept in the differential diagnosis of uterine neoplasms, especially in postmenopausal women. Till now, just a few concurrent tumors have been reported with pure uterine lipoma, and among them, FNH is the first extragenital tumor.
A Report of Rosai-Dorfman Disease in an Adolescent
Authors: Emmanuella Amoako, Kwadwo Apeadu Danso, Rosemary Sefakor Akuaku, Kofi Ulzen-Appiah
Journal: Case Rep Pediatr (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare disease of unknown cause. It is a benign self-limiting condition characterized by the accumulation of activated histiocytes in the sinusoids of lymph nodes and/or extranodal tissues. Massive cervical lymphadenopathy as the initial manifestation tends to raise the initial odds in favour of a lymphoma, and thus reducing the threshold to performing a simple biopsy cannot be overestimated. Herein, we report a 13-year-old adolescent who presented with a progressive posterior left-sided neck swelling. Our diagnosis of RDD was established by demonstrating emperipolesis in histology and S100 positivity in immunohistochemistry as stated in the literature. Although the condition is known to be self-limiting, evidence from the literature and our case management shows that medical therapy can hasten remission in pediatric cases.
False positive finding on whole-body iodine-131 scan secondary to contaminated face mask: an uncommon peril in current COVID pandemic
Authors: Anupriya Anwariya, Piyush Aggarwal, Ashwani Sood, Nitheesh Tigapuram, Sarika Prashar
Journal: Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol (2023)
Keywords: covid-19, iodine-131, masks, thyroid cancer, whole body imaging
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Covid-19 has changed the practice of present-day medicine. Social-distancing, hand-sanitation and use of face-mask are important measures taken against its spread. Post-thyroidectomy whole-body diagnostic I-131 scan is an important preliminary investigation for risk stratification and further management in thyroid cancer. False positive findings on diagnostic scan are not uncommon and must be evaluated to avoid unnecessary work-up and treatment. Clinical and biochemical correlation with adjunct SPCET/CT imaging may differentiate true from false-positive lesions. We report a case of unusual false positive linear neck tracer on whole-body diagnostic I-131 scan due to the use of an I-131 contaminated face mask.
Heat stroke with bimodal rhabdomyolysis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Toshihiko Yoshizawa, Kazuhiko Omori, Ikuto Takeuchi, Yuto Miyoshi, Hiroshi Kido, Etsuhisa Takahashi, Kei Jitsuiki, Kouhei Ishikawa, Hiromichi Ohsaka, Manabu Sugita, Youichi Yanagawa
Journal: J Intensive Care (2016)
Keywords: heat stroke, rehabilitation, rhabdomyolysis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Severe heat stroke tends to be complicated with rhabdomyolysis, especially in patients with exertional heat stroke. Rhabdomyolysis usually occurs in the acute phase of heat stroke. We herein report a case of heat stroke in a patient who experienced bimodal rhabdomyolysis in the acute and recovery phases.
Case presentation:
A 34-year-old male patient was found lying unconscious on the road after participating in a half marathon in the spring. It was a sunny day with a maximum temperature of 24.2 °C. His medical and family history was unremarkable. Upon arrival, his Glasgow Coma Scale score was 10. However, the patient's marked restlessness and confusion returned. A sedative was administered and tracheal intubation was performed. On the second day of hospitalization, a blood analysis was compatible with a diagnosis of acute hepatic failure; thus, he received fresh frozen plasma and a platelet transfusion was performed, following plasma exchange and continuous hemodiafiltration. The patient's creatinine phosphokinesis (CPK) level increased to 8832 IU/L on the fifth day of hospitalization and then showed a tendency to transiently decrease. The patient was extubated on the eighth day of hospitalization after the improvement of his laboratory data. From the ninth day of hospitalization, gradual rehabilitation was initiated. However, he felt pain in both legs and his CPK level increased again. Despite the cessation of all drugs and rehabilitation, his CPK level increased to 105,945 IU/L on the 15th day of hospitalization. Fortunately, his CPK level decreased with a fluid infusion. The patient's rehabilitation was restarted after his CPK level fell to <10,000 IU/L. On the 31st day of hospitalization, his CK level decreased to 623 IU/L and he was discharged on foot. Later, a genetic analysis revealed that he had a thermolabile genetic phenotype of carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II).
Conclusions:
Physicians should pay special attention to the stress of rehabilitation exercises, which may cause collapsed muscles that are injured by severe heat stroke to repeatedly flare up.
Rare Case of Large Bowel Injury due to Direct Blunt Trauma to a Preexisting Femoral Hernia
Authors: C Tinner, M Odermatt, P Villiger
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report a case of an 85-year-old man with a known asymptomatic left femoral hernia who was admitted to the emergency ward a few hours after falling from a bicycle and suffering from blunt trauma of the handlebar to the left inguinal region. The clinical findings and a computed tomography (CT) scan detecting free air in the femoral hernia sac suggested bowel perforation. Emergency laparotomy 6 hours after the incident confirmed a tear of the sigmoid colon accompanied by free blood and faeces in the left inguinal region of the abdomen. A segmental sigmoid resection and a primary end-to-end colorectal anastomosis were performed. The postoperative course was complicated by delayed oral feeding, a local infection, and a partial left testicle necrosis that led to secondary resection. The patient was discharged after 32 days of in-hospital care. Three months post trauma, we recorded a restitutio ad integrum. The case exemplifies that blunt trauma to preexisting femoral hernias may cause potentially lethal bowel perforation and that the time interval between time of injury and surgical treatment may be a prognostic factor. CT scans seem most suitable for ruling out bowel perforation. The scarce literature for blunt trauma to hernias is reviewed.
A Right Atrial Mass with Fever and Cutaneous Nodules
Authors: Feng Gao, Stephanie Koh, Sara Taveras-Alam, Umair Khalid
Journal: Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J (2022)
Keywords: anaplastic large cell lymphoma, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, extranodal lymphoma, multimodality imaging, primary cardiac tumor
MeSH terms: Heart Neoplasms / complications, Heart Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging, Heart Neoplasms / therapy, Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / diagnosis, Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / drug therapy, Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / pathology, Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Aged, Diagnosis, Differential, Fever / diagnosis, Fever / etiology, Humans, Male

Primary cardiac tumors, although exceedingly rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis during workup of any cardiac mass. Extranodal cardiac lymphomas have a natural aggressive course due to delayed diagnosis. We present a 71-year-old male with a dual-chamber pacemaker who presented with fevers and new cutaneous nodules. He was found to have a right atrial primary anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and had a complete metabolic response after chemotherapy. Our case highlights the importance of a multimodality approach in the diagnosis of cardiac tumors and during follow-up after treatment.
Nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma: a case report from the patient perspective
Authors: Craig A Bauman, James D Milligan, Tammy Labreche, John J Riva
Journal: Chiropr Man Therap (2016)
Keywords: adenoma, athletic, macroadenoma, middle-aged, nonfunctioning, performance, pituitary

Background:
Nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma (NFPA) is a tumour of the endocrine system that is virtually always benign and can be difficult to detect. This case report is presented from the patient's perspective to highlight experiences that led to the eventual diagnosis of this condition.
Case presentation:
A 48 year-old male experienced prolonged and unexplained reduced athletic performance worsening over five years. The patient reported decreased libido, which initiated a testosterone blood test. This confirmed reduced testosterone levels and resulted in an endocrinology referral. A subsequent dynamic contrast MRI of the pituitary region revealed a mass. The most frequent symptoms of NFPA are visual field defects, headaches and features of hypopituitarism (includes fatigue, dizziness, dry skin, irregular periods in women and sexual dysfunction in men).
Conclusion:
Clinicians should consider this differential diagnosis in middle-aged athletes with diminished athletic performance from an unknown cause, test visual fields and inquire if symptoms of headaches or hypopituitarism are present.
Duodenal duplication: a rare cause of abdominal pain in adults
Authors: Soumaya Mrabet, Mohamed Salah Jarrar, Amine Gouader, Imen Akkari, Elhem Ben Jazia
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2019)
Keywords: abdominal pain, adult, duodenal duplication, surgery
MeSH terms: Abdominal Pain / etiology, Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods, Duodenum / abnormalities, Case Reports, Adult, Chronic Pain / etiology, Duodenum / surgery, Humans, Male

Duodenal duplication is an extremely rare congenital abnormality that occurs mostly in children. It represents only 2% to 12% of all gastrointestinal tract duplication. Its clinical presentation is highly variable and non-specific making the positive diagnosis very difficult. Imaging modalities can help to detect the lesions making the diagnosis more accurate before surgery. Here, we report a case of duodenal duplication revealed by chronic abdominal pain and treated by surgical resection in a 26-year-old man. Even in adults, it is necessary to evoke the diagnosis of duodenal duplication in patients with unexplained abdominal pain. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice and endoscopic treatment is reserved for selected patients in whom surgery is difficult.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia secondary to myeloproliferative neoplasms or after lenalidomide exposure
Authors: Ahmad Alhuraiji, Kiran Naqvi, Yang O Huh, Coty Ho, Srdan Verstovsek, Prithviraj Bose
Journal: Clin Case Rep (2017)
Keywords: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, jak2 v617f mutation, lenalidomide, myeloproliferative neoplasm
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Philadelphia-negative (Ph-) myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) do rarely transform to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). While causality is difficult to establish, a few cases of ALL arising after exposure to lenalidomide for registered indications (multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome with 5q deletion) have been described in the literature.
Ketamine Infusion Used to Successfully Control Refractory Status Epilepticus in a Pregnant Patient
Authors: Murad Talahma, Vivek Sabharwal, Yana Bukovskaya, Fawad Khan
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The management of SE during pregnancy is especially challenging to the treating physician. While antiepileptic medications might cause teratogenicity, SE can have significant morbidity and mortality on both the mother and the developing fetus. This case report demonstrated the successful use of ketamine infusion in the management of RSE in pregnancy without affecting the immediate outcome of pregnancy. The fetus survived this complicated ICU stay and outpatient follow-up was generally uncomplicated. The pregnancy was ended with a delivery of a normal female newborn.
Robotic Partial Cystectomy for Urachal Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Rawad Abou Zahr, Valentin Colinet, Aurore Mattlet, Teddy Jabbour, Romain Diamand
Journal: Case Rep Urol (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Urachal carcinoma is a very rare tumor, commonly found in the urachal remnant connecting the bladder dome to the umbilicus. Diagnosis is often challenging due to the location of the tumor and its late presentation. We hereby report the case of a 49-year-old female where the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma was made and a robotic partial cystectomy associated with en bloc resection of the umbilicus was performed. We aim to present the clinical aspects, presentation, and diagnosis of this rare entity along with a review of the literature.
Hypoplastic coronary artery disease, as a cause of sudden death
Authors: Moirangthem Sangita, Jayanthi Yadav, Jai Kumar Chaurasia, Arneet Arora, Afsar Jahan, Mrinal Patnaik
Journal: Autops Case Rep (2023)
Keywords: autopsy, coronary disease, death, sudden, pathology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hypoplastic coronary artery disease (HCAD) is a rare coronary artery anomaly that may be the cause of sudden death. It can involve a single or all coronary arteries. This anomaly may cause circulatory insufficiency leading to myocardial infarction. HCAD has no symptoms or may exhibit cardiovascular signs like syncope, dyspnea, chest discomfort, or dizziness. It is often diagnosed at autopsy, and early diagnosis is made with a coronary angiogram. We report HCAD as the cause of the sudden death of a 25-year-old female with a history of loss of consciousness following exertion. On autopsy, all the coronary arteries' lumen was narrowed with thin vessel walls. Histopathological examination shows an underdeveloped and missing muscular layer of the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries' vascular wall. Many cases of HCAD diagnosed by radiographic imaging in living patients have been reported in the literature, but a structural anomaly of coronaries leading to HCAD has not been reported. We report a case of HCAD describing the histopathological examination findings of the vascular wall of coronary vessels illustrating the structural difference.
A case of Mac Tel 2 with an unusual sub macular vitelliform lesion
Authors: T Lekha, Nikit Sarwate, Renuka Sarwate
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2015)
Keywords: mac tel 2, mferg, optical coherence tomography, vitelliform lesion
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Method:
Observational case report describing the clinical, FFA, OCT and mfERG findings in an elderly female patient with atypical features of macular telangiectasia (Mac Tel 2) RESULTS: A 71-year-old lady was detected to have characteristic features of Mac Tel 2 in the left eye (LE) and a yellowish sub macular vitelliform like lesion in the right eye (RE). FFA showed ill defined hyper fluorescence in the RE and telangiectasia and parafoveal leakage typical of Mac Tel 2 in the LE. On OCT RE had hyper reflective clump of echoes subfoveally with an intact RPE and LE had foveal thinning with hypo reflective intraretinal cavities. mfERG responses were normal in the RE and reduced in the LE. During the course of 3 years LE showed natural progression while RE remained unchanged.
Conclusion:
Structural and functional evaluation of an unusual sub macular vitelliform lesion seen in association with Mac Tel 2 and its course over a period of 3 years is described. The differentiating features of this lesion from adult onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AFMD) are discussed.
Transvaginal prolapsed submucosal leiomyoma after cesarean section misdiagnosed as bladder prolapse: A case report with literature review
Authors: Ling Li, Jihong Shen, Zhenhua Gao, Xingqi Wang, Daoming Tian, Xunguo Yang, Hang Zhou, Bailuan Li, Dan Tang, Quan Zhang
Journal: Front Surg (2023)
Keywords: bladder prolapse, postpartum, prolapse, submucosal leiomyoma, transvaginal
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Uterine leiomyomas, also known as uterine fibroids, are the most common benign tumors found in the female reproductive system. Transvaginal prolapsed submucosal leiomyomas are a rare complication of uterine fibroids during the postpartum period. Due to the lack of sufficient published evidence on these rare complications and their uncommon appearance, they often result in diagnostic and treatment difficulties for clinicians. This case report presents a primigravida with no special prenatal examination developed recurrent high fever and bacteremia following an emergency cesarean section. On the 20th day after delivery, a vaginal prolapsed mass was observed, which was initially misdiagnosed as bladder prolapse before being corrected to a diagnosis of vaginal prolapse of submucosal uterine leiomyoma. This patient was able to retain fertility by prompt use of powerful antibiotics and transvaginal myomectomy rather than undergoing a hysterectomy. For parturient women with hysteromyoma and recurrent fever after delivery where the source of infection cannot be found, the infection of the submucous leiomyoma of the uterus should be highly suspected. It can be helpful to perform an imaging examination to diagnose a disease, and transvaginal myomectomy should be the first choice for treating prolapsed leiomyoma in cases with no obvious blood supply or if pedicle can be achieved.