OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Elderly road collision injury outcomes associated with seat positions and seatbelt use in a rapidly aging society-A case study in South Korea
Authors: Yuna Noh, Yoonjin Yoon
Journal: PLoS One (2017)
MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic / statistics & numerical data, Aging / physiology, Models, Statistical, Safety / statistics & numerical data, Seat Belts / statistics & numerical data, Wounds and Injuries / pathology, Accidents, Traffic / prevention & control, Accidents, Traffic / psychology, Age Factors, Aged, Aging / psychology, Automobile Driving / psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Republic of Korea, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Trauma Severity Indices, Wounds and Injuries / diagnosis

Introduction:
Aging has long been regarded as one of the most critical factors affecting crash injury outcomes. In South Korea, where the elderly population is projected to reach 35.9% by 2050, the implications of an increasing number of elderly vehicle users on road safety are evident. In this research, the confounding effect of occupant age in a vehicle in terms of seat position and seatbelt use was investigated. In addition, elderly occupants were divided into a younger-old group aged between 65 and 74 years and an older-old group aged 75 years and older in an effort to assess whether the conventional elderly age standard of 65 years should be reconsidered.
Methods:
A multinomial logit framework was adopted to predict two-level injury severity using collision data between 2008 and 2015. Predictor variables included gender, age group, seat position, seatbelt, road type, road slope, road surface, road line, and type of vehicle. Five models, a base model with no interactions and four interaction models which were combinations of age group, seatbelt use and seat position, were devised and evaluated.
Results:
With no interacting term, age was the most prominent predictor. Elderly occupants were most likely to suffer from severe injury without a seatbelt in all seat positions, and the use of a seatbelt reduced this likelihood the most in the elderly group as well. Front passenger seats had the highest risk to elderly occupants, while the driver seat was statistically insignificant. When the elderly group was divided into the younger-old group and the older-old group, the older-olds were found to be much more vulnerable compared to the younger-olds. In particular, older drivers were five times more likely to suffer a severe injury without a seatbelt.
Conclusions:
The degree of injury severity of elderly occupants was reduced the most with the use of a seatbelt, demonstrating the importance of using seat restraints. The sharp increase in the risk of injury of the older-old group suggests that the age standard of 65 years as the elderly group with regard to traffic safety may require reconsideration due to the growing number of elderly vehicle users on the road. Our results provide practical evidence with which to formulate new safety policies, including mandatory seatbelt use, driving age limits and insurance pricing.
Multicentric Carpo-Tarsal Osteolysis Syndrome Mimicking Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature
Authors: Junfeng Wu, Li Wang, Ye Xu, Zhiyong Zhang, Xin Yan, Yunfei An, Yu Zhang, Xuemei Tang
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: denosumab, mafb protein, genetic testing, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, multicentric carpo-tarsal osteolysis syndrome
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Multicentric carpo-tarsal osteolysis syndrome (MCTO) is a rare skeletal disorder commonly caused by MAF bZIP transcription factor B (MAFB) mutation. Clinically, it is characterized by aggressive osteolysis, which mainly affects the carpal tarsal bones, and is frequently associated with progressive nephropathy. Since the painful swelling and motion limitation on the wrists and/or ankles of MCTO mimics those of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), very often, MCTO is misdiagnosed as JIA. Here, we report two MCTO patients initially diagnosed with JIA but showed no response to treatment: P1, with a medical history of more than 10 years, was presented with a typical triad of arthritis-osteolysis-nephropathy; while P2 showed oligoarthritis. Gene tests were then taken and revealed a novel mutation, p.P63Q, and a previously reported conversion, p.S54L, in the MAFB gene. We also summarized the clinical and genetic features of a cohort containing 49 genetically confirmed MCTO patients. All 51 gene-confirmed MCTO cases (49 identified from the literature plus two patients identified herein) developed the disease during childhood. The median delay in diagnosis was 3.83 years (0-35 years). All cases presented bony lesions, and two-thirds had secondary renal lesions (32/48; three unknown), half of which (16/32) progressed into renal failure. Almost two-thirds (34/51), 75% (38/51), and 71% (36/51) of patients had no record of eye problems, facial abnormalities, and other manifestations. Most were misdiagnosed as JIA but didn't respond to treatment. Based on our experience, we suggest that clinicians should comprehensively evaluate the involvement of multiple systems in JIA patients, especially the kidney and eyes. And for JIA patients who underwent more than 3-month treatment with Bio-DMARD, genetic tests are recommended when they show little/no clinical and imaging changes, their high disease activity remains, and their disease activity remission is <50%, especially when combined with a triad of arthritis-osteolysis-nephropathy.
Systemic lupus erythematosus associated with multiple myeloma: Two case reports and a literature review
Authors: Li Lian, Kang Wang, Shengqian Xu
Journal: Immun Inflamm Dis (2023)
Keywords: case report, multiple myeloma, renal dysfunction, systemic lupus erythematosus
MeSH terms: Kidney Diseases / complications, Kidney Diseases / drug therapy, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / complications, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / diagnosis, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / drug therapy, Multiple Myeloma / complications, Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis, Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy, Case Reports, Review, Bortezomib / therapeutic use, Dexamethasone, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Bortezomib, Dexamethasone

Introduction:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by multiple myeloma (MM) is a relatively rare clinical presentation, and is easily ignored due to their similar or even identical manifestation, which may lead to misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
Case report:
We report two cases of SLE with MM. Case 1 was a 59-year-old male who was diagnosed with SLE 11 years ago. Abnormal kidney function was detected 4 months ago and a bone marrow aspirate revealed MM. He then received three cycles of bortezomib, dexamethasone, and chemotherapy with liposomal doxorubicin, and one cycle of lenalidomide plus dexamethasone. He died of infectious shock. Case 2 was a 58-year-old female who was diagnosed with SLE 27 years ago. After the onset of abnormal renal function 4 years ago, the patient was still treated according to SLE disease activity. When renal function rapidly deteriorated, serum and urine immunofixation electrophoresis was positive for IgG γ with free light chains and she was diagnosed with SLE complicated by MM. She did not agree to the treatment for MM as advised and was discharged from the hospital against medical advice. Case 2 died of cardiac failure. Thirteen cases of SLE with MM reported from 2000 to 2022 in PUBMED and Mendeley and our above two cases were reviewed. Among the 15 patients, 13 were females and 2 were males. The median age at the time of SLE with MM diagnosis was 50 years, and the median time to a delayed diagnosis was 7 years. The serum monoclonal immunoglobulin level was elevated and extramedullary manifestations of renal dysfunction were common.
Conclusions:
An elevated monoclonal immunoglobulin level or newly unexplained renal dysfunction occurring in a patient with SLE should prompt monitoring and further screening of MM, rather than treatment as a secondary manifestation of SLE.
A Rare Case of Primary Bilateral Adrenal Lymphoma
Authors: Veeraraghavan Meyyur Aravamudan, Phang Kee Fong, Yang Shiyao Sam, Pavel Singh, Siok-Bian Ng, Gollamudi Satya Pavan Kumar
Journal: Case Rep Med (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lymphoma may involve the adrenal glands, but primary lymphoma is rare. Only a few cases have been reported in medical literature. Primary adrenal lymphoma is extremely rare, accounting for <1% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We here present a case of a middle-aged female who presented with persistent fever for three weeks. She also reported significant weight loss of more than 10 kgs over the duration of three months. Computed tomography of the thorax and abdomen and pelvis demonstrated bilateral adrenal masses. She underwent short Synacthen test which showed evidence of adrenal insufficiency. She underwent CT-guided adrenal gland biopsy. Histology of adrenal gland biopsy showed features consistent with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. She was started on R-CHOP chemotherapy and had a good clinical response and remained in complete remission for five months after chemotherapy.
A Simple Bone Cyst in Cervical Vertebrae of an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Adriana Bruges Boude, Lina González Vásquez, Fernando Alvarado-Gomez, María Constanza Bedoya, Andrés Rodríguez-Múnera, Luis Carlos Morales-Saenz
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Spinal simple bone cysts, also known as solitary cysts, are extremely unusual benign primary bone tumors with few cases reported in the literature.
Case presentation:
Incidental Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) finding of a C2 Simple bone cyst in a 13-year-old female patient is reported. Complementary studies suggested the benign nature of the lesion. Patient underwent cervical curettage followed by tumor excision. A lateral submandibular approach to the upper cervical spine was used and careful bone resection was possible with a radiofrequency assisted burr and no instrumentation or fixation was required. The stability of the defect was ensured by filling it with bone allograft and by prescribing a postsurgical plastic cervical collar to maintain neck immobilization. Histological examination supported the diagnosis of simple bone cyst. At 6-12-month follow-up the patient presented no recurrence or symptomatology.
Conclusions:
Solitary bone cysts are infrequent entities in the cervical vertebrae and preservation of spine stability without instrumentation to avoid neurological complications is often challenging. In this case, the proximity of the cyst to the right vertebral artery and the risk of injury were high; however the surgical approach used was successful and no recurrence or instability was evidenced on postoperative MRI.
Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of the primary dentition affected by amelogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Maria Carolina Salomé Marquezin, Bruna Raquel Zancopé, Larissa Ferreira Pacheco, Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião, Fernanda Miori Pascon
Journal: Case Rep Dent (2015)

The objective of this case report was to describe the oral rehabilitation of a five-year-old boy patient diagnosed with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in the primary dentition. AI is a group of hereditary disorders that affects the enamel structure. The patient was brought to the dental clinic complaining of tooth hypersensitivity during meals. The medical history and clinical examination were used to arrive at the diagnosis of AI. The treatment was oral rehabilitation of the primary molars with stainless steel crowns and resin-filled celluloid forms. The main objectives of the selected treatment were to enhance the esthetics, restore masticatory function, and eliminate the teeth sensitivity. The child was monitored in the pediatric dentistry clinic at four-month intervals until the mixed dentition stage. Treatment not only restored function and esthetic, but also showed a positive psychological impact and thereby improved perceived quality of life. The preventive, psychological, and curative measures of a young child with AI were successful. This result can encourage the clinicians to seek a cost-effective technique such as stainless steel crowns, and resin-filled celluloid forms to reestablish the oral functions and improve the child's psychosocial development.