OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Renal Endothelial Cytotoxicity Assay to Diagnose and Monitor Renal Transplant Recipients for Anti-Endothelial Antibodies
Authors: Rosa G M Lammerts, Jacob van den Born, Magdalena Huberts-Kregel, Antonio W Gomes-Neto, Mohammed R Daha, Bouke G Hepkema, Jan-Stephan Sanders, Robert A Pol, Arjan Diepstra, Stefan P Berger
Journal: Front Immunol (2022)
Keywords: complement biology, crossmatch, cytotoxicity, desensitization, flow cytometry, non-hla
MeSH terms: Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Aged, Antibodies, Endothelial Cells, Graft Rejection / diagnosis, HLA Antigens, Histocompatibility Testing, Humans, Kidney, Male, Antibodies, HLA Antigens

Tissue-specific nonhuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) antigens can play crucial roles in allograft immunity and have been shown to trigger humoral responses leading to rejection of HLA-matched kidney allografts. Interest in the role of endothelial-specific antigens has grown over the past years, and several case reports have been described in which antibodies reacting with endothelial cells (ECs) are associated with rejection. Such antibodies escape the detection in conventional crossmatch tests as they do not react with lymphocytes. However, due to the heterogeneity of endothelial cells from different vascular beds, it remains difficult to draw organ-specific conclusions from studies describing endothelial crossmatch assays. We present a case of a 69-year-old male patient whose kidney allograft was rejected as hyperacute, despite the absence of pretransplant HLA-specific antibodies. To place findings from previous studies in a kidney-related context, we performed crossmatch assays with primary renal endothelial cells. The patient's serum was reactive with primary renal ECs, demonstrated by antibody binding and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Antibodies from this patient did not react with lymphocytes nor were HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) found. Two years later, the patient successfully received a second kidney transplant after treatment with rituximab and plasmapheresis before and after transplantation. We demonstrated that the removal of antibodies against non-HLA EC-specific molecules can be monitored using a primary renal EC crossmatch test, possibly contributing to a successful transplantation outcome.
Solitary Plasmacytoma of the Breast: A Case of an Uncommon Breast Neoplasm
Authors: Sean McCormack, Eyad Hamad, Amar Hamad
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Plasmacytoma is a rare cancer that originates from a single plasma cell and is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells. It is typically localized in a single area of the body, most commonly in the bone or soft tissue. Solitary plasmacytoma can be further classified as either solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP or EMP). Diagnosis may be delayed in symptomatically silent plasmacytomas, but early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for the management of this disease. The mean age for patients with plasmacytoma varies depending on the specific type of plasmacytoma, but generally, it is more common in older adults. Soft tissue plasmacytomas are uncommon, and plasmacytomas manifesting within the breast are extremely rare, especially when they are not a manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM). This report presents a case of SEP of the breast in a 79-year-old female patient. This rare disease needs to be studied further in terms of long-term survival and disease progression to MM. By raising awareness and understanding of plasmacytoma, we aim to improve outcomes and quality of life for patients affected by this disease.
Case Report: Asymptomatic COVID-19 patient with a subtle hypercoagulable state and fluctuating D-dimer level
Authors: Jefferson Caesario, Decsa M Hertanto, Kukuh D Hernugrahanto, Dwikora N Utomo, Nicolaas C Budhiparama, Djoko Santoso, Pancras C W Hogendoorn
Journal: F1000Res (2021)
Keywords: anticoagulant therapy, asymptomatic, covid-19, coagulopathy, d-dimer
MeSH terms: COVID-19 / complications, COVID-19 / diagnosis, Case Reports, Anticoagulants / therapeutic use, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / analysis, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / metabolism, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Anticoagulants, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, fibrin fragment D

Background: COVID-19 can infect an asymptomatic person silently without any overt symptoms despite diffuse blood clots throughout the body. Clot formation is induced by COVID-19 associated coagulopathy that can cause a high mortality rate. D-dimer, a fairly decisive marker for the coagulopathy event, is physiologically a marker of the fibrinolysis process. The increase of D-dimers in COVID-19 cases must be followed up because it relates to the initiation of a cytokine storm. Case presentation: We report an asymptomatic patient with sudden D-dimer elevation who received anticoagulant therapy. After three days of heparin administration, D-dimer results became normal and anticoagulant therapy was stopped. However, on the 12th day, the D-dimer level rebounded back and was followed by an increase of hs-C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, IL-6, although SARS-CoV-2 PCR result became negative. A hyperglycaemic reaction and a sudden increase of HbA1C was observed in the patient. After three weeks D-dimer had returned to normal levels, and so did the other markers. The patient recovered fully and still no symptoms were obvious. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients without symptoms may be at risk of an asymptomatic coagulopathy process. The decreasing level of D-dimer erroneously cannot ensure that the coagulopathy process stops.
Epileptic Patient with Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia and Epilepsy (MOGHE): A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: A Verentzioti, I Blumcke, A Alexoudi, P Patrikelis, A Siatouni, S Korfias, D Sakas, S Gatzonis
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
There is an emerging interest in the literature about MOGHE (Mild Malformation of Cortical Development with Oligodendroglial Hyperplasia and Epilepsy). We report the case of an epileptic patient with MOGHE.
Case report:
A 33-year-old male patient was suffering from refractory focal epilepsy since adolescence. MRI demonstrated increased T2/FLAIR signal intensity of right frontal lobe. Presurgical evaluation led to definition of epileptogenic network in a specific area of right frontal lobe. The resected specimen revealed MOGHE. Discussion. MOGHE appears to be a brain entity which shares some unique histopathological features. Review of the literature is in accordance with our patient's findings. The major neuropathological finding consists of areas with blurred gray-white matter boundaries due to heterotopic neurons in white matter and increased numbers of subcortical oligodendroglial cells with increased proliferation. MR abnormalities are present in T2/FLAIR sequences. It concerns patients with refractory frontal lobe epilepsy and appears to associate with unfavourable postsurgical outcome in seizure control.
Conclusion:
More cases are needed in order to establish more data about this distinct entity in frontal lobe epilepsy. This could be valuable knowledge to patients and doctors concerning expectations or management of undesirable outcome in frontal lobe epilepsy surgery.
Deep Vein Thrombosis after Femoral Arterial Access: Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Challenges
Authors: Evan Harmon, Yoo Jin Lee, Sula Mazimba, Kanwar Singh, Aditya Sharma, Younghoon Kwon
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after femoral arterial access is a rare complication of left heart catheterization (LHC). The reasons for paradoxical venous clot formation after arterial access are identifiable in some cases but less clear in others. Here, we present one case of provoked DVT after femoral access followed by a second case in which clot formation appears to be spontaneous. Additionally, though each of the patients presented here demonstrated thrombus resolution, only one received anticoagulation. These cases highlight the complex pathophysiology of DVT following femoral arterial access and the challenges of management strategy selection.
Two cases of methyl alcohol intoxication by sub-chronic inhalation and dermal exposure during aluminum CNC cutting in a small-sized subcontracted factory
Authors: Jia Ryu, Key Hwan Lim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Hyang Woon Lee, Ji Young Yun, Seoung-Wook Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Hyunjoo Kim
Journal: Ann Occup Environ Med (2016)
Keywords: metabolic acidosis, methyl alcohol intoxication, optic neuropathy, vulnerable workers
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Methyl alcohol poisoning has been mainly reported in community. Two cases of methyl alcohol poisoning occurred in a small-sized subcontracted factory which manufactured smartphone parts in Korea.
Case presentation:
One young female patient presented with dyspnea and visual disturbance. Another young male patient presented with visual disturbance and myalgia. They treated with sodium bicarbonate infusion and hemodialysis for metabolic acidosis. In addition, he received ethyl alcohol per oral treatment. Her and his urinary methyl alcohol concentration was detected as 7.632 mg/L, 46.8 mg/L, respectively, although they were treated hemodialysis. Results of the working environment measurement showed that the concentration of methyl alcohol (1030.1-2220.5 ppm) in the air exceeded the time weighted average (200 ppm). They were diagnosed with optic neuropathy due to methyl alcohol poisoning and still have visual impairment.
Conclusions:
Workers who hired as dispatched employees in a small-sized subcontracted factory were exposed to high concentrations of methyl alcohol. The workplace had poor ventilation system. In addition, workers did not wear proper personal protect equipment. Working environment measurement and annual chekups for workers were not performed. They were in a blind spot to occupational safety and health. More attention is needed to protect vulnerable workers' health.
Anomalous Right Subclavian Artery-Esophageal Fistulae
Authors: Courtney Brooke Shires, Michael J Rohrer
Journal: Case Rep Vasc Med (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common aortic arch anomaly, but only 19 previous cases of ARSA-esophageal fistula have been reported. Six patients have survived their bleeding episode. We describe the case of a 44-year-old woman who developed massive hemoptysis. Laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, head and neck angiogram, and median sternotomy did not reveal what was presumed initially to be a tracheoinnominate fistula. Contrasted CT showed an anomalous subclavian artery posterior to the esophagus. Given the technical challenge of approaches for this pathology, the patient was unfit for open surgical repair. Therefore, endovascular covered stent grafts were deployed spanning the segment of the subclavian artery in continuity with the esophagus, via a right brachial artery approach. Unfortunately, the patient died after successful placement of the grafts.
Cutaneous Metastases from Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yu Wang, Ruzeng Xue
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cutaneous metastases are unusual presenting symptoms of lung cancer. Therefore, they are prone to be misdiagnosed and missed. The report describes a case of a forty-nine-year-old female with painful zosteriform rashes showing multiple vesicle-like papules localized on the left breast for 10 days. The patient had been diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma at the department of oncology one year ago. Skin biopsy revealed blue nodular lesions in the dermis, composed of clustered heterogeneous tumor cells with glandular formation. Immunohistochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis following the First Dose of the Elasomeran COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Jarett J Casale, Mikél E Muse, Tara J Snow, Karen P Gould, Natalie D Depcik-Smith
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Our case highlights leukocytoclastic vasculitis as a potential side effect of the elasomeran COVID-19 vaccine. As the elasomeran vaccine becomes more widely available to the public, cutaneous reactions should be noted and looked for as potential side effects of the vaccine. Our patient had a history of immune thrombocytopenic purpura, making this a potential predisposing condition to the development of vasculitis following elasomeran administration. The case of vasculitis in our patient, although diffuse in distribution, was self-resolving. Our patient was counseled of the potential risk of worsening reaction to the second dose of the vaccine and instructed to proceed at their own risk. He elected to receive the second vaccination dose without any further reaction or side effects. Primary teaching points from this case include the potential of developing leukocytoclastic vasculitis following the elasomeran vaccination. Patients who develop LCV following the first dose should be counseled of the risks associated with receiving the second dose, including progression to systemic organ involvement.
Is Shame Hallucinogenic?
Authors: Simon McCarthy-Jones
Journal: Front Psychol (2017)
Keywords: affect, auditory hallucinations, dissociation, evolution, hypervigilance, psychosis, schizophrenia

Research into the causes of "hearing voices," formally termed auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), has primarily focused on cognitive mechanisms. A potentially causative role for emotion has been relatively neglected. This paper uses historical and contemporary case studies of AVH to tentatively generate the hypothesis that shame can be a causal factor in the onset of AVH. Other sources of support for the generation of this hypothesis are then sought. First, evidence is examined for a role of shame in the etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder, a condition that is characterized by phenomena related to AVH (intrusions and dissociation) and in which a substantial minority of sufferers report AVH. Second, the effect on AVH of a psychological therapy specifically designed to counteract shame (Compassion Focused Therapy) is noted. The hypothesis generation process is then expanded to propose mechanisms that could mediate a relation between shame and AVH. It is proposed that employing absorbed or avoidant strategies to deal with shame may lead to AVH through mediating mechanisms such as rumination, suppression, and dissociation. Evolutionary reasons for a relation between shame and AVH are also proposed, including that AVH may be an evolved mechanism to encourage self-protective behaviors in the wake of trauma. It is concluded that existing research supports the generation of this paper's hypothesis, which is now worthy of dedicated empirical testing.
Soil nutrient assessment based on attribute recognition model in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Feng Jiao, Zhong-Ming Wen, Shao-Shan An
Journal: Springerplus (2013)
Keywords: attribute recognition model, entropy weight, soil fertility, vegetation succession
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Soil fertility is important factors for growth and productivity of vegetation. The relationship between vegetation and soil fertility deserves attention due to its scientific importance and practical applications. However, the effects of soil fertility on vegetation development and succession are poorly documented. Here we study soil fertility in Yanhe watershed at northern Shaanxi on five different land uses, namely shrubland, farmland, natural grassland, woodland, and artificial grassland, and in soil under restoration for 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. Attribute recognition model based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the soil fertility of typical region in the Loess Plateau of China, which contained 52 soil samples with 6 physical and chemical indexes, including soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc. The results show that (1) Land use has an obvious effect on soil bulk density, total porosity and capillary porosity of surface layers, but not significant in the subsurface layer; (2) SOM, Ntotal, Nhydro and Kavail are the most in shrubland and woodland while Ptotal and Pavail in farmland, respectively; (3) Vegetation succession on eroded soil result in significant changing of soil fertility; and (4) Vegetation succession on eroded soil result in significant changing of soil fertility.
Multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach to acute mesenteric ischaemia: A case report with literature review
Authors: Jurij Janež, Jasna Klen
Journal: SAGE Open Med Case Rep (2021)
Keywords: acute mesenteric ischaemia, aetiology, arterial embolism, diagnostic approach
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Superior mesenteric artery embolisation is the most common cause of acute mesenteric ischaemia. Superior mesenteric artery embolisation can be caused by various cardiac diseases (myocardial ischaemia or infarction, atrial tachyarrhythmias, endocarditis, cardiomyopathies, ventricular aneurysms and valvular disorders), arterial aneurysms, ulcerated atherosclerotic plaques of the major arteries and others. A case of 65-year-old, previously healthy man with superior mesenteric artery embolism, who was found to also have mural aortic thrombi, is presented. The patient underwent an emergency procedure; small intestine and cecum were resected and jejuno-ascendo anastomosis was performed. The patient was put on lifelong anticoagulation therapy. Neither cardiac diseases nor arterial aneurysms were detected. There were no signs of underlying atherosclerosis. Work-up for antiphospholipid antibodies and rheumatic diseases was negative. Tumour markers were within normal levels and blood cultures were negative. This case represents the challenges in recognising an underlying cause of acute mesenteric embolism and highlights the importance of multidisciplinary diagnostic and treatment approach.
Ineffective Ventilation in A Neonate with A Large Pre-Carinal Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Bilateral Pneumonitis-Microcuff Endotracheal Tube to Our Rescue!
Authors: Anju Gupta, Nishkarsh Gupta
Journal: J Neonatal Surg (2017)
Keywords: airway management, esophageal atresia, microcuff tube, tracheo-esophageal fistula
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is one of the most common congenital anomaly requiring surgical correction in neonatal period. The important goal of airway management is to avoid excessive gastric distension and ensure adequate ventilation prior to surgical ligation of the fistula. If a large fistula is present close to carina, excessive loss of delivered tidal volume may lead to ineffective ventilation. In addition, gastric distension elevates diaphragm and diminishes the lung compliance. If lung compliance is already impaired due to pre-existing lung pathology, situation becomes much more demanding. We report the successful airway management of a patient with large precarinal fistula and bilateral pneumonitis using the novel Microcuff tube. The unique design of microcuff makes it suitable to be used for this purpose. To the best of our knowledge, the use of microcuff ETT for perioperative airway management in case of a large precarinal fistula in a neonate with respiratory pathology has not been reported in the past.
Age-Adjusted Schedules of Venetoclax and Hypomethylating Agents to Treat Extremely Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Aaron M Lee, Aaron M Goodman, James K Mangan
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with particularly poor outcomes in the elderly population, in whom the disease is most prevalent. BCL-2 has been identified as an antiapoptotic protein and promotes survival of leukemia stem cells. Recently, the United States FDA has approved venetoclax, a selective oral BCL-2 inhibitor, for use in conjunction with hypomethylating agents (azacitidine or decitabine) or low-dose cytarabine as a first-line treatment option for those AML patients ineligible for standard induction chemotherapy. However, there are nuances and challenges when using this regimen in the extremely elderly AML patients. Given the widespread adoption of this regimen and increasing prevalence of patients who are well into their 80 s, it is important to evaluate and understand how to safely use this regimen in this so-called "extremely elderly" population. We present here 3 case studies involving AML patients >85 years of age who were treated with venetoclax plus HMA and provide clinical knowledge on how this population should be appropriately managed.
Dyspnea caused by atlantoaxial subluxation in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hsin-Yi Lin, Chien-Chih Chen, Yi-Kung Lee, Yung-Cheng Su
Journal: Case Rep Emerg Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Atlantoaxial subluxation is a well-known but poorly recognized disease in rheumatoid patients. We report a patient with rheumatoid arthritis whose chief complaint was dyspnea on arrival to the emergency department (ED). After further investigation, spinal cord compression caused by atlantoaxial subluxation was diagnosed. This is an uncommon but important case that ED physicians should be aware of.
Case report: TMEM106B haplotype alters penetrance of GRN mutation in frontotemporal dementia family
Authors: Jolien Perneel, Masood Manoochehri, Edward D Huey, Rosa Rademakers, Jill Goldman
Journal: Front Neurol (2023)
Keywords: tmem106b, disease penetrance, frontotemporal dementia, genetic counseling, progranulin
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second-most common young-onset dementia. Variants in the TMEM106B gene have been proposed as modifiers of FTD disease risk, especially in progranulin (GRN) mutation carriers. A patient in their 50s presented to our clinic with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD). Genetic testing revealed the disease-causing variant c.349 + 1G > C in GRN. Family testing revealed that the mutation was inherited from an asymptomatic parent in their 80s and that the sibling also carries the mutation. Genetic analyses showed that the asymptomatic parent and sibling carry two copies of the protective TMEM106B haplotype (defined as c.554C > G, p.Thr185Ser), whereas the patient is heterozygous. This case report illustrates that combining TMEM106B genotyping with GRN mutation screening may provide more appropriate genetic counseling on disease risk in GRN families. Both the parent and sibling were counseled to have a significantly reduced risk for symptomatic disease. Implementing TMEM106B genotyping may also promote the collection of biosamples for research studies to improve our understanding of the risk-and disease-modifying effect of this important modifier gene.
Posterior to anterior migration of a large optic fragment in a pseudophakic eye
Authors: Sidney A Schechet, Seenu M Hariprasad, Kamran Riaz
Journal: GMS Ophthalmol Cases (2020)
Keywords: iol, anterior chamber, dislocated lens, intraocular lens, pupilloplasty
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Objective: To report a curious case of a posteriorly dislocated large optic fragment that migrated anteriorly to the anterior chamber through a well-positioned scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) and intact pupil. Methods: Single case report. Results: The large optic fragment was removed successfully in the operating room. Conclusions: While eyes with a posteriorly-displaced lens or IOL remnants may occasionally be observed without intervention, these patients should be monitored closely.