OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
What Matters for C4 Transporters: Evolutionary Changes of Phospho enol pyruvate Transporter for C4 Photosynthesis
Authors: Ming-Ju Amy Lyu, Yaling Wang, Jianjun Jiang, Xinyu Liu, Genyun Chen, Xin-Guang Zhu
Journal: Front Plant Sci (2020)
Keywords: c4 photosynthesis, flaveria, evolution, phosphoenolpyruvate transporter

C4 photosynthesis is a complex trait that evolved from its ancestral C3 photosynthesis by recruiting pre-existing genes. These co-opted genes were changed in many aspects compared to their counterparts in C3 species. Most of the evolutionary changes of the C4 shuttle enzymes are well characterized, however, evolutionary changes for the recruited metabolite transporters are less studied. Here we analyzed the evolutionary changes of the shuttle enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) transporter (PPT) during its recruitment from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. Our analysis showed that among the two PPT paralogs PPT1 and PPT2, PPT1 was the copy recruited for C4 photosynthesis in multiple C4 lineages. During C4 evolution, PPT1 gained increased transcript abundance, shifted its expression from predominantly in root to in leaf and from bundle sheath cell to mesophyll cell, and gained more rapid and long-lasting responsiveness to light. Modifications occurred in both regulatory and coding regions in C4 PPT1 as compared to C3 PPT1, however, the PEP transporting function of PPT1 remained. We found that PPT1 of a Flaveria C4 species recruited a MEM1 B submodule in the promoter region, which might be related to the increased transcript abundance of PPT1 in C4 mesophyll cells. The case study of PPT further suggested that high transcript abundance in a proper location is of high priority for PPT to support C4 function.
Successful Treatment of Crizotinib-Induced Fulminant Liver Failure: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kyle Kreitman, Satheesh P Nair, Jiten P Kothadia
Journal: Case Reports Hepatol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Crizotinib is a first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer. Crizotinib-induced hepatotoxicity is a rare event. We report a case of a 46-year-old female with a history of metastatic lung cancer who presented with acute liver failure after being on crizotinib for two months. The medication was discontinued, and she was treated with N-acetylcysteine for seven days. Her liver function tests returned to normal limits after 26 days after admission. The precise mechanism and risk factors of crizotinib-induced hepatotoxicity remain unknown. Physicians should be aware of the potentially lethal side effect caused by crizotinib.
Case Report: A Functional Approach to Deal With Sexual Harassment Within Families
Authors: Li Meiling, Alishba Hania, Muhammad Waqas
Journal: Front Psychol (2022)
Keywords: crisis management, emotional assessment, functional analysis, school counselling, sexual harassment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Abuse is followed by multiple short- and long-term psychological consequences. Researchers suggest a significant need to design a culturally relevant and competent treatment plan specifically for the Asian context. This research presents an account of therapeutic strategies that were employed to manage the complaints of sexual harassment and associated psychological challenges. This case report dealt with a 16-year-old girl who was self-referred to the psychologist with complaints of getting sexually harassed by her brother-in-law, difficulty in managing academic challenges, communication gap with parents, and difficulty in handling her anger for the past 7 years. The assessment modalities used with the client were Behavioral Observation, Clinical Interview, Baseline Charts, School Children Problem Scale to rule out emotional-behavioral problems, the Adult-Child Interaction Test, and Downward Arrow Technique for cognitive assessment. The management plan was based on trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and constituted of goals, such as having self-protection awareness from harassment, reducing the fear and unexplained emotions of grief, increasing self-esteem, designing a proper schedule for studies, and developing good communication ability. Post-assessment showed that anger reduced to 40%, communication gap with parents reduced to 50%, fear of harassment reduced to 40%, and self-image improved up to 40%. Sessions were based on 9 in-person meetings.
Botulinum toxin injection combined with traditional swallowing rehabilitation improved cricopharyngeal dysfunction in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A case report
Authors: Zitong He, Fei Zhao, Yilong Shan, Zulin Dou, Hongmei Wen
Journal: Front Neurol (2022)
Keywords: botulinum toxin, case report, cricopharyngeal muscle, dysphagia, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, and often influence optic nerve and medulla oblongata. Previous studies found out that brain abnormalities were not rare in these patients. Medulla oblongata (MO) was commonly involved and usually located at dorsal part. Patients who diagnosed NMOSD with MO lesions were more likely to have dysphagia. Previous reports indicated that the symptoms and signs of NMOSD patients could be controlled after immunosuppressive therapy. This patient was a 49-year-old Asian woman presented with recurrent vomiting and diagnosed NMOSD with MO involvement. However, after immunotherapy in other hospital, she still suffered from dysphagia. She then came to our department and completed videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and high-resolution pharyngeal manometry (HRPM). Her UES was not opening with aspiration and the UES residue pressure was higher than normal range, we figured that she had cricopharyngeal (CP) dysfunction. Then the SLP gave her traditional treatment, including catheter balloon dilation. But she failed improvement after treatment for 2 weeks. Then the clinicians decided to inject botulinum toxin (BTX) into her CP muscles, which needed specific location and appropriate dosage. Her UES residue pressure decreased after three times BTX injection. During this time, her SLP adjusted the treatment strategies based on her VFSS and HRM results. Combined BTX injection with traditional treatment, she can now eat food orally without restrictions. This case report we presented can provide treatment strategies for similar patients with dysphagia.
Isolated Atrial Lead Conduction Delay following Right Atrial Radiofrequency Maze Procedure
Authors: Mackram F Eleid, Joseph A Dearani, Win-Kuang Shen
Journal: ISRN Cardiol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 60-year-old man with a dual-chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator and severe dyspnea on exertion due to apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent a septal myectomy and radiofrequency maze procedure. Following the procedure a persistent delay in atrial sensing was observed and was most likely a result of iatrogenic conduction delay from right atrial ablation lines. These observations suggest that atrial conduction properties can be altered during the surgical maze procedure and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sensing or pacing malfunction.
The time window for the reversal of depigmentation from aggravation to recovery in a non-small-cell lung cancer patient with pre-existing vitiligo using anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy: A case report
Authors: Zhiru Gao, Yinghui Xu, Jianjiao Zu, Xu Wang, Chao Sun, Shi Qiu, Ye Guo, Kewei Ma
Journal: Front Immunol (2022)
Keywords: ae, camrelizumab, nsclc, pd-1, adverse event, non-small-cell lung cancer
MeSH terms: Autoimmune Diseases, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / complications, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms / complications, Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy, Vitiligo / complications, Case Reports, Cell Death, Humans

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have made remarkable breakthroughs in the treatment of lung cancer, bringing significant survival benefits to the patients. A number of adverse events aggravated by immunotherapy in patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases have been reported in the past, especially skin toxicity, such as rash, pruritus, erythema, and vitiligo. However, whether the exacerbated autoimmune disease is reversible and when it will return to its original state after immunotherapy discontinuation is still inconclusive. In our report, we described a patient diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer whose vitiligo was stable for about 10 years. We followed up and observed the patient's skin depigmentation for the complete time window, from aggravation of application anti-programmed cell death-1 receptor antibody (anti-PD-1 antibody) to recovery after the withdrawal. We presented the objective images at particular time points using reflectance confocal microscopy and wood's light. We found that the use of anti-PD-1 antibody aggravated in skin toxicity, but it was reversible, the time window from the beginning to recovery status was approximately 9 months. We used this real case scenario to explain the relationships between immunotherapy and autoimmune diseases.
Case report of 5 siblings: malnutrition? Rickets? DiGeorge syndrome? Developmental delay?
Authors: David K Cundiff, William Harris
Journal: Nutr J (2006)
MeSH terms: Child Abuse / legislation & jurisprudence, Developmental Disabilities / diagnosis, DiGeorge Syndrome / diagnosis, Diet, Vegetarian / adverse effects, Malnutrition / diagnosis, Rickets / diagnosis, Case Reports, Body Height, Body Weight, Child, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Child, Preschool, Energy Intake, Fatal Outcome, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Nutrition Policy

Background:
Parents of six children are facing a trial on charges of aggravated manslaughter in the care a 5 1/2 month old infant who died suddenly and neglect of their four older children for causing them to be malnourished by feeding them all an exclusively raw foods vegan diet. Both parents declined plea bargains and plan to defend themselves in court.
Case presentation:
The fifth child born to a married couple was breast-fed until 2 1/2 months. Subsequently, the parents fed the baby an exclusively raw foods diet prepared in a blender at home. The four older children, ages 18 months-6 1/2 years also ate an exclusively raw foods vegan diet. None of the four older children had significant previous injuries or serious illnesses. At autopsy, the infant weighed 3180 mg (6.99 pounds) and appeared emaciated. The thymus gland was absent and parathyroid glands were not located. The lungs were "congested." DiGeorge anomaly cannot be ruled out from these findings. Although, the coroner ruled that "malnutrition" was the sole cause of death, malnutrition, according to the World Health Organization definition, cannot be diagnosed in this infant. Compared with standard growth charts, the older children fell 2.1-4.1 standard deviations below the mean for North American children in height and weight. Labs were normal except for a low cholesterol level in all and a low prealbumin in one of three children tested. Therefore, malnutrition cannot be diagnosed in these children. The pediatrician diagnosed rickets in the four-year-old. However, chest x-rays were normal in all and long bone x-rays showed minimal changes in one child--no sign of rickets. The clinical diagnosis of rickets was not confirmed by the Center for Disease Control's criteria. A psychologist diagnosed the 18-month-old as developmentally delayed to the level of a 15-month-old, but this diagnosis is questionable.
Conclusion:
The raw foods vegan diet and possibly inherited small stature from the father's side account for their relatively low heights and weights. Catch-up growth will probably occur on the standard American diet but would have also been expected if they had remained on a vegan diet.
Selecting Populations for Non-Analogous Climate Conditions Using Universal Response Functions: The Case of Douglas-Fir in Central Europe
Authors: Debojyoti Chakraborty, Tongli Wang, Konrad Andre, Monika Konnert, Manfred J Lexer, Christoph Matulla, Silvio Schueler
Journal: PLoS One (2015)
MeSH terms: Climate Change, Forests, Pseudotsuga / growth & development, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Acclimatization / physiology, Ecosystem, Europe, Models, Biological, North America, Pseudotsuga / physiology, Trees / growth & development, Trees / physiology

Identifying populations within tree species potentially adapted to future climatic conditions is an important requirement for reforestation and assisted migration programmes. Such populations can be identified either by empirical response functions based on correlations of quantitative traits with climate variables or by climate envelope models that compare the climate of seed sources and potential growing areas. In the present study, we analyzed the intraspecific variation in climate growth response of Douglas-fir planted within the non-analogous climate conditions of Central and continental Europe. With data from 50 common garden trials, we developed Universal Response Functions (URF) for tree height and mean basal area and compared the growth performance of the selected best performing populations with that of populations identified through a climate envelope approach. Climate variables of the trial location were found to be stronger predictors of growth performance than climate variables of the population origin. Although the precipitation regime of the population sources varied strongly none of the precipitation related climate variables of population origin was found to be significant within the models. Overall, the URFs explained more than 88% of variation in growth performance. Populations identified by the URF models originate from western Cascades and coastal areas of Washington and Oregon and show significantly higher growth performance than populations identified by the climate envelope approach under both current and climate change scenarios. The URFs predict decreasing growth performance at low and middle elevations of the case study area, but increasing growth performance on high elevation sites. Our analysis suggests that population recommendations based on empirical approaches should be preferred and population selections by climate envelope models without considering climatic constrains of growth performance should be carefully appraised before transferring populations to planting locations with novel or dissimilar climate.
Interstitial brachytherapy combined with PARP inhibitors in the treatment of chemoresistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer: A case report
Authors: Yuan Bian, Ping Guan, Dan Li, Longjing Tan, Haowen Pang, Qinglian Wen, Ping Chen, Zhenhua Zhang
Journal: Front Oncol (2022)
Keywords: parp inhibitor, case, chemoresistance, epithelial ovarian cancer, interstitial brachytherapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Chemoresistance generally develops in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, and the prognosis is still very poor, with an expected survival time of less than one year. For this population of individuals, there is currently no standard protocol for clinical benefit.
Case presentation:
We report a case of an elderly woman diagnosed with stage IIIC high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). During a follow-up time of 6 years, the patient initially received multiple sequential courses of chemotherapy with platinum-based regimens and with no maintenance therapy. Similar to most patients with advanced HGSOC, she developed platinum resistance and experienced poor treatment results with a short progression-free survival (PFS). Ultimately, we gave the patient traditional non-platinum-based chemotherapy with bevacizumab and high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy followed by olaparib as a maintenance therapy. Up to now, the patient did response well to the treatment, and the PFS had exceeded 12 months.
Conclusion:
High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy combination with PARP inhibitors may be an option for isolated chemoresistant recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.
Successful removal of large intraocular foreign body by 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery
Authors: Hiroshi Kunikata, Megumi Uematsu, Toru Nakazawa, Nobuo Fuse
Journal: J Ophthalmol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe a new technique for removing a large intraocular foreign body by 25-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery (25G-MIVS). Noncomparative interventional case series were performed at a single centre. Two patients with a long smooth intraocular vitreal foreign body underwent phacoemulsification and aspiration, intraocular lens implantation, 25G-MIVS, and extraction of the foreign body. The foreign body was removed through a posterior capsulorhexis, anterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, and a corneal incision. In both cases, the foreign body was safely removed through the corneal incision, and IOL was implanted and well positioned. The surgical incision did not require suturing. No postoperative complications associated with this technique were found. The corneal endothelial cell density was maintained over 2000 cells/mm(2) in both cases during recent follow-up examinations. Our findings indicate that 25G-MIVS with this technique can be used to extract a long slender smooth foreign body. It is safe, without complications, and can be performed without enlarging the 25-gauge sclerotomy.
Rare Case of a Calcified Catheter-Related Sheath Embolizing to the Right Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Lee K Rousslang, Jonathan R Wood
Journal: Case Rep Radiol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Catheter-related sheaths, formerly known as "fibrin sheaths," are the most common complications of central venous catheters. Although usually harmless, they can very rarely detach from the venous wall against which they were formed and embolize with effects ranging from subclinical embolisms to death. This rare occurrence has only been described a few times in the literature to date, and to our knowledge, the embolized sheath has never been directly visualized with CT. We report the case of catheter-related sheath embolization to the right pulmonary artery in a child, as confirmed on CT.
Cement-augmented dorsal instrumentation of the spine as a safe adjunct to the multimodal management of metastatic pheochromocytoma: a case report
Authors: Daniel Rittirsch, Edouard Battegay, Lukas U Zimmerli, Werner Baulig, Donat R Spahn, Christian Ossendorf, Guido A Wanner, Hans-Peter Simmen, Clément Ml Werner
Journal: Patient Saf Surg (2012)

Malignant pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor that originates from chromaffin tissue. Although osseous metastases are common, metastatic dissemination to the spine rarely occurs.Five years after primary diagnosis of extra-adrenal, abdominal pheochromocytoma and laparoscopic extirpation, a 53-year old patient presented with recurrence of pheochromocytoma involving the spine, the pelvis, both proximal femora and the right humerus. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed osteolytic lesions of numerous vertebrae (T1, T5, T10, and T12). In the case of T10, total destruction of the vertebral body with involvement of the rear edge resulted in the risk of vertebral collapse and subsequent spinal stenosis. Thus, dorsal instrumentation (T8-T12) and cement augmentation of T12 was performed after perioperative alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade with phenoxybenzamine and bisoprolol.After thorough preoperative evaluation to assess the risk for surgery and anesthesia, and appropriate perioperative management including pharmacological antihypertensive treatment, dorsal instrumentation of T8-T12 and cement augmentation of T12 prior to placing the corresponding pedicle screws did not result in hypertensive crisis or hemodynamic instability due to the release of catecholamines from metastatic lesions.To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing cement-augmentation in combination with dorsal instrumentation to prevent osteolytic vertebral collapse in a patient with metastatic pheochromocytoma. With appropriate preoperative measures, cement-augmented dorsal instrumentation represents a safe approach to stabilize vertebral bodies with metastatic malignant pheochromocytoma. Nevertheless, direct manipulation of metastatic lesions should be avoided as far as possible in order to minimize the risk of hemodynamic complications.
Monitoring diaphragm function in a patient with myasthenia gravis: electrical activity of the diaphragm vs. maximal inspiratory pressure
Authors: Yukiko Koyama, Takeshi Yoshida, Akinori Uchiyama, Yuji Fujino
Journal: J Intensive Care (2017)
Keywords: diaphragmatic weakness, electrical activity, mechanical ventilation, myasthenia gravis, weaning
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is used to assess respiratory muscle strength of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) requiring ventilatory support. Electrical activity of the diaphragm (E-di) has been used to guide weaning.
Case presentation:
The MIP and tidal volume/ΔE-di (the patient-to-ventilator breath contribution) were monitored in a 12-year-old girl with MG requiring ventilator support. The same ventilatory settings were maintained until extubation. During weaning, MIP increased slightly, but varied unpredictably. Tidal volume/ΔE-di decreased at a constant rate as muscle strength recovered.
Conclusion:
In this patient with muscle weakness, E-di was a reliable tool to monitor weaning from mechanical ventilation.
Report of a case of radiation-induced new-onset vitiligo with collective review of cases in the literature of radiation-related vitiligo
Authors: Keechilat Pavithran, Shripad Brahmanand Pande, Makuny Dinesh
Journal: Case Rep Med (2013)

Radiation-induced hypopigmentation consistent vitiligo has been reported in a few case reports. We report herewith a case of vitiligo at the site of radiation delivery after a lag of several months in a patient with preexisting hypothyroidism without a previous or family history of vitiligo, and review the cases reported in the literature collectively.
Atypical case of AL amyloidosis with urinary erythrocyte casts
Authors: Orfeas Liangos, Maike Buettner-Herold, Markus Ketteler, Nicolaos E Madias
Journal: Clin Nephrol Case Stud (2015)
Keywords: amyloidosis, erythrocyte casts, urinalysis, urinary sediment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We present the case of a 73-year-old man who developed an acute, severe febrile illness with multiorgan dysfunction, featuring renal failure, nephrotic-range proteinuria, microhematuria, and a skin rash. Numerous erythrocyte casts were found on urine microscopy. Typically, the finding of urinary erythrocyte casts indicates the presence of an underlying glomerular inflammatory disease. However, on renal biopsy, only amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis and tubular injury were the predominant findings with no signs of glomerular or vascular inflammation. Photomicrographs of urinary sediment as well as renal biopsy histopathology of the presented case are shown. The unusual combination of findings, is then discussed in light of the existing literature on renal amyloidosis as well as erythrocyte casts in conditions other than glomerulonephritis.
Multiple or metastatic clear cell chondrosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Marco Manfrini, Silvana Fiscina, Alberto Righi, Jorge M Montes, Daniel Vanel
Journal: Clin Sarcoma Res (2014)
Keywords: allograft, clear-cell chondrosarcoma, curettage, synchronous
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report multiple synchronous clear-cell chondrosarcomas in a 43-year-old patient. The patient had a lesion in the right proximal humerus and in the left femoral condyle. Bone scintigraphy revealed increased uptake in both foci. Pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis in both locations. In the proximal humerus, wide resection of the tumour was performed with allograft reconstruction of the joint with osteosynthesis. The femoral condyle was treated with curettage, phenolization, and cementation. Over a follow-up of 10 years no recurrence or metastasis was observed.