OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Internal Occipital Crest Misalignment with Internal Occipital Protuberance: A Case Report of Posterior Cranial Fossa Anatomic Variations
Authors: Jae Ha Kim, Maha Ahmad
Journal: Case Rep Neurol Med (2016)

During gross anatomy head and neck laboratory session, one dissection group observed an abnormal anatomic variation in the posterior cranial fossa of a 94-year-old male cadaver. The internal occipital crest was not aligned with internal occipital protuberance and groove for superior sagittal sinus. It seemed that the internal occipital protuberance was shifted significantly to the right side. As a result the skull was overly stretched in order to connect with the internal occipital ridge. These internal skull variations of occipital bone landmarks can influence the location of adjacent dural venous sinuses and possibly influence cerebrospinal fluid flow. Similar anatomical anomalies have been attributed to presence of hydrocephalus and abnormalities in cisterna magna.
Challenges of Diagnosing Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in an Infant
Authors: Ghufran Saeed Babar, Minah Tariq
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background. Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is characterized by renal tubular resistance to aldosterone. As a result, the symptoms typically involve hyperkalemia and hyponatremia. The aim of this clinical case report is to highlight the severe electrolyte imbalance PHA can present within an infant, as well as difficulties in diagnosing the condition. Case Presentation. A 5-week-old male arrived at the ER with episodes of emesis, lethargy, and difficulty in feeding. He had significant electrolyte abnormalities and was being treated by his PCP for failure to thrive. He presented with urinary sodium wasting, indicated by hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, low chloride, and hypercalcemia. Patient was treated with IVF and NaCl supplementation to normalize the electrolytes. The patient showed heterozygosity for a variant in the WNK1 gene, which typically causes Gordon syndrome; however, our patient had a normal blood pressure. The electrolyte imbalance self-resolved during several months of follow-up, and currently, the patient is not on any treatment.
A Case of Stage I Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Early Relapse and Rapid Disease Progression
Authors: Marta Peri, Antonino Grassadonia, Laura Iezzi, Patrizia Vici, Michele De Tursi, Clara Natoli, Nicola Tinari, Marinella Zilli
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common subtype of vulvar cancer. Locoregional surgery is often curative when the tumor is diagnosed at an early stage. However, the disease can unexpectedly evolve with a dismal prognosis even after an early diagnosis. We report a case of a woman who experienced a rapid, chemorefractory tumor progression after surgery for stage IB vulvar SCC.
Case report: Multiple gastrointestinal perforations in a rare musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome with multiple organ dysfunction
Authors: Huitao Qian, Tao Zhou, Nan Zheng, Qiulun Lu, Yi Han
Journal: Front Genet (2022)
Keywords: chst14, ehlers–danlos syndrome, case report, congenital equinovarus deformity, fragile soft tissues
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 36-year-old male with congenital equinovarus deformity was admitted to the hospital due to worsen deformity. He was known to have ear perforation in childhood. After hospitalization, he received equinovarus correction surgery, fourth toe osteotomy, and external fixation for right foot during the procedure. During his hospital stay, the patient has been treated with multiple gastrointestinal perorations, accompanied with multiple organ dysfunction and fragile soft tissues. During his in-hospital stay, multiple organ dysfunctions were observed, including the heart, kidney, liver, and intestines. In order to identify the mutation site, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed, and further verified with Sanger sequencing analysis in this patient. One-site mutation located at CHST14 [c.883_884del, p (Phe295Cysfs*5)] was identified in this patient, whereas this mutation was not observed in other 100 healthy controls. Also, this variant has not been reported in public databases (ExAC and gnomAD). Our report showed that unanticipated multiple tissue deformation observed the musculocontractural EDS patient was caused by mutation located at CHST14 [c.883_884del, p (Phe295Cysfs*5)] induced truncated CHST14 protein.
Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis after lobectomy in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Young Sik Choi, You Jin Han, Go Eun Yeo, Su Kyoung Kwon, Bu Kyung Kim, Yo-Han Park, Sung Won Kim, Bong Kwon Chun, Eun Hee Kong, Jeong Hoon Kim
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2013)

Introduction:
Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis is anautoimmune thyroid disease presenting with transient thyrotoxicosis as well as transient hypothyroidism. Several factors have been thought to be the initiating event in subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis. However, subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis that develops after thyroid lobectomy has not yet been reported in the literature. We report a case of subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis after lobectomy in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Case presentation:
A 30-year-old Korean woman was referred to our center for thyroid tumor operation. She was diagnosed with suspicious papillary thyroid carcinoma by fine needle aspiration at a local medical clinic. The thyroid ultrasonography demonstrated a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland with a 0.4×0.3cm sized hypoechoic nodule in the left lobe. Left thyroid lobectomy by endoscopic thyroidectomy was performed via a transaxillary approach, and the nodule was confirmed to be a papillary thyroid carcinoma. On postoperative day 1, a thyroid function test revealed hyperthyroidism, and on postoperative day 8, a thyroid function test again revealed hyperthyroidism with decreased radioactive iodine uptake. Thyroid function tests showed euthyroid on postoperative day 48 and hypothyroidism on postoperative day 86. She was treated with levothyroxine.
Conclusion:
Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis can develop after thyroid lobectomy. Thyroid autoantigen released during thyroid lobectomy may cause the onset or exacerbation of the destructive process.
Case Report: Massive Hemoptysis From a Spontaneously Regression Inflammatory Bronchial Polyp
Authors: Yuichiro Iwamoto, Haruka Takenouchi, Katsumasa Koyama, Ryo Shirai, Hideaki Kaneto, Koichi Tomoda
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: bronchial inflammatory polyp, case report, lung hemorrhage, massive hemoptysis, spontaneous disappearance
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Bronchial inflammatory polyps are usually treated by surgical operation or with steroids and/or antibiotics, and it is quite rare that such polys spontaneously disappear without any treatment. This report shows a rare case with a bronchial inflammatory polyp which caused massive hemoptysis but spontaneously disappeared without any treatment.
Case presentation:
A 66-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a history of cough and asthma suddenly developed massive hemoptysis while smoking and was brought to an emergency room in our institution. In bronchoscopy on admission, a polypoidal elevated lesion was observed in the left upper lobe bifurcation. Pulsatile hemorrhage from a polypoidal elevated lesion was observed upon stimulation of passage of the bronchoscope. Bronchoscopy performed 25 days after discharge showed no evidence of active bleeding and a tendency toward reduction of the elevated lesion. In bronchoscopy performed 106 days after the initial hospitalization, the bronchial inflammatory polyp completely disappeared.
Conclusions:
We should bear in mind the possibility of spontaneous disappearance of bronchial inflammatory polyps causing some serious symptoms such as massive hemoptysis and repeated bloody sputum. Finally, we should select the best therapy for bronchial inflammatory polys based on each patient's background and conditions in clinical practice.
Case report: Use of peripheral nerve stimulation for treatment of pain from vertebral plana fracture
Authors: Saba Javed, Kenneth Perry, Steven Mach, Billy Huh
Journal: Front Pain Res (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: cancer pain, compression fracture, minimally in vasive therapy, multiple myeloma, pain, pain managemant, peripheral nerve stimulation (pns), vertebral fracture
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Vertebral plana fractures are a severe form of compression fractures that can cause significant morbidity due to incapacitating pain. Due to the flattening of the vertebrae in a plana fracture, accessing the vertebral body transpedicularly can be difficult, making traditional vertebral augmentation treatment dangerous. These injuries also typically occur in elderly patients with contraindications to invasive procedures. Peripheral nerve stimulation is a relatively new and minimally invasive treatment that uses electrical stimulation to inhibit pain signals from reaching the somatosensory cortex. Our case describes an 80 Year old female with multiple comorbidities and refractory pain due to a vertebral planar fracture successfully treated with a 60 day course of peripheral nerve stimulation as evidenced by over 50% reduction in symptoms and discontinuation of opioid pain medication use.
Long-term partial response in a patient with liver metastasis of primary adrenocortical carcinoma with adjuvant mitotane plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and microwave ablation: a case report
Authors: Jianhua Deng, Lihui Wei, Qihuang Fan, Zoey Wu, Zhigang Ji
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: tace, wma, adrenocortical carcinoma, liver metastases, mitotane, partial response
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, heterogeneous, and aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the optimal treatment plan. After surgery, both mitotane treatment or the etoposide-doxorubicin-cisplatin (EDP) protocol plus mitotane chemotherapy have a certain effect, but there is still an extremely high possibility of recurrence and metastasis. The liver is one of the most common metastatic targets. Therefore, techniques such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and microwave ablation (MWA) for liver tumors can be attempted in a specific group of patients. We present the case of a 44-year-old female patient with primary ACC, who was diagnosed with liver metastasis 6 years after resection. During mitotane treatment, we performed four courses of TACE and two MWA procedures in accordance with her clinical condition. The patient has maintained the partial response status and has currently returned to normal life to date. This case illustrates the value of the practical application of mitotane plus TACE and MWA treatment.
Case Report: Stem cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ala'a A Hassan, Jeananne Elkins, Hisham Y Hassan
Journal: F1000Res (2021)
Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, physical therapy, rehabilitation, stem cell therapy
MeSH terms: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / therapy, Case Reports, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / adverse effects, Humans, Quality of Life

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease leading to loss of upper and lower motor neurons at both spinal and bulbar levels. For patients with ALS rehabilitation is important to maintain functional independence, ensure safety and optimize quality of life but is not curative. Stem cell therapy (SCT) provides a new approach to treat previously incurable diseases although peer reviewed published evidence has shown no benefit in ALS for slowing disease progression or functional loss. This case report presents a patient with ALS who underwent SCT but deteriorated rapidly after the procedure. Whether the deterioration was due to the natural progress of the disease or expedited by SCT remains unknown. The ethical considerations of how marketing influences healthcare and individuals' decisions in desperate situations along with reasons for taking desperate measures are discussed. Patient education and open communication with ALS patients are imperative in gaining patient satisfaction and overcoming ill effects that marketing could have on unconventional methods of intervention. Raising awareness about the availability and access to multidisciplinary care, the timing of decisions with regards to symptom management and end of life care have proven to enhance the quality of life for such patients.
Musical hallucinations treated with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Authors: Jan Dirk Blom, Jan Adriaan F Coebergh, René Lauw, Iris E C Sommer
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2015)
Keywords: oliver sacks’ syndrome, auditory charles bonnet syndrome, cholinergic system, deafferentiation, donepezil, hearing loss, release hallucination, rivastigmine

Musical hallucinations are relatively rare auditory percepts which, due to their intrusive nature and the accompanying fear of impending mental decline, tend to cause significant distress and impairment. Although their etiology and pathophysiology appear to be heterogeneous and no evidence-based treatment methods are available, case reports indicate that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may yield positive results in patients with comorbid hearing loss. We present two female patients (aged 76 and 78 years) both of whom suffered from hearing impairment and practically incessant musical hallucinations. Both patients were successfully treated with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine. Based on these two case descriptions and an overview of studies describing the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in similar patients, we discuss possible mechanisms and propose further research on the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for musical hallucinations experienced in concordance with hearing loss.
Primary MRSA Myositis Mimicking Septic Arthritis
Authors: Mohammad Abu-Abaa, Amy Pulikeyil, Hassaan Arshad, Daniel Goldsmith
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

As the incidence of bacterial myositis and pyomyositis in the United States is rising, we aim to highlight the presentation of bacterial myositis which is known as a great imitator in tropical regions. This is a case report of a 61-year-old female patient with poorly controlled diabetes who presented initially with lateral hip pain and tenderness. This was initially believed to be septic arthritis and warranted arthrocentesis. What makes this case interesting is that what was believed to be a primary community-acquired MRSA myositis, which progressed to a life-threatening septic shock, happened in a nontropical area (Northeastern USA) and in a patient with no underlying recent muscle injury. This case serves to remind clinicians that infectious myositis is gaining more incidence in nontropical regions and can masquerade as septic arthritis, requiring a high index of suspicion. Normal muscle enzymes like CK and aldolase do not rule out myositis.
Acute Enterovirus Encephalitis as a Cause for Isolated Visual and Auditory Hallucinations in a 22-Year-Old Patient
Authors: M Deest, C Eberlein, S Bleich, H Frieling, T Skripuletz, A Neyazi
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Viral encephalitis often presents with severe illness, headache, fever, behavioral changes, altered level of consciousness, and focal neurologic deficits. One of the most feared kind of virus encephalitis is herpes simplex encephalitis; however, other central virus infections are also capable of presenting with psychiatric symptoms. Here, we report the case of a 22-year-old woman with first time visual and auditory hallucinations due to an acute enterovirus encephalitis with no cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities but a positive PCR result for enterovirus (ECHO). During treatment, the symptoms deteriorated, and she hat to be shifted to the sheltered ward because of imperative suicidal auditory hallucinations. Under treatment with risperidone and olanzapine, symptoms suddenly stopped and did not reoccur under subsequent reduction of the antipsychotic medication.
Primary multiple osseous leiomyosarcomas of the spine metastasizing to the skull
Authors: Oudrhiri Mohammed Yassaad, Raouzi Nabil, El KacemiInas, Allaoui Mohammed, Arkha Yasser, El Ouahabi Abdessamad
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2016)
Keywords: leiomyosarcoma, immunohistochemistry, primary, spinal cord compression, spine
MeSH terms: Leiomyosarcoma / pathology, Skull Neoplasms / secondary, Spinal Cord Compression / etiology, Spinal Neoplasms / pathology, Case Reports, Review, Adult, Female, Humans, Leiomyosarcoma / diagnosis, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / diagnosis, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / pathology, Skull Neoplasms / diagnosis, Spinal Neoplasms / diagnosis

Primary osseous leiomyosarcoma of the spine is a very unusual condition, with only few cases being reported in the literature. In fact, this type of tumors arises from the smooth muscle cells and occurs usually in the uterus and the gastrointestinal tracts. If the spine should be involved, it occurs generally as a metastatic location. Location to the spine as a primary site is exceedingly rare. We present the case of a 37 years old female patient, with multiple spine levels involvement - to vertebral body and to posterior aspects of Vertebra, causing spinal cord compression syndrome. A secondary location to the skull was diagnosed one month later. Through a literature review, we analyze various aspects in the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.
Renal Endometriosis: The Case of an Endometrial Implant Mimicking a Renal Mass
Authors: Anand V Badri, Rachel Jennings, Pavan Patel, Daniel D Eun
Journal: J Endourol Case Rep (2018)
Keywords: gross hematuria, partial nephrectomy, renal endometriosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Endometriosis is a multifactorial benign disorder characterized by the abnormal presence of endometrial tissue in an extraendometrial site. Although extrapelvic endometriosis is uncommon, symptomatic involvement of the kidney is exceedingly rare. This benign disease can mimic several urologic processes, but because of its scarcity in clinical practice, it is seldom considered in the differential. Case Presentation: In this report, we describe the case of a 45-year-old woman with flank pain and hematuria, who was found to have a left renal mass on cross-sectional imaging. After robotic partial nephrectomy, pathologic analysis revealed an endometrial implant within the renal parenchyma. Conclusion: This case of renal endometriosis highlights how this benign disease process can mimic several more sinister urologic processes.
Imaging and Histopathologic Nuances of Epithelioid Glioblastoma
Authors: Brian H Le, Richard A Close
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 27-year-old male without significant past medical history presented following collapse resulting from a syncopal episode at work. There was an episode of vomiting, and one of tonic-clonic seizure activity, which was spontaneously resolved after approximately one minute. His neurologic exam was nonfocal, with full strength in the bilateral upper and lower extremities, and no sensory deficits were elicited. MRI studies demonstrated a 4.7 cm rim-enhancing cystic mass in the right temporal-parietal region, with resultant mass effect and edema. At surgery, intraoperative pathologic consultation favoured a primary glial neoplasm. Subsequent complete histologic examination on permanent sections confirmed the presence of glioblastoma, with a morphologic pattern and immunohistochemical profile most consistent with epithelioid glioblastoma (WHO grade IV). Epithelioid glioblastoma is a rare, especially aggressive variant of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, recognized in the 2016 World Health Organization classification. Approximately 50% of such tumors harbour the BRAF V600E mutation, which has also been observed in some melanomas where selective inhibitors have demonstrated a therapeutic role. The especially aggressive behaviour and poor clinical outcome typically observed for this variant of glioblastoma demonstrate the importance of emerging areas relevant to neurooncology, specifically those of proteomic characterization and therapeutic nanomedicine.
Case report: Thyroid sarcoidosis as a rare localization of the disease: Report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Svetlana Kašiković Lečić, Jovan Javorac, Aleksandra Lovrenski, Jelena Đokić, Danica Sazdanić Velikić, Dejan Živanović
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2023)
Keywords: diagnosis, prevalence, sarcoidosis, thyroid, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by the formation of non-necrotizing and non-caseating granulomas in affected organs. Sarcoidosis granulomas can form in any organ, but the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes are the most commonly affected. Thyroid involvement in sarcoidosis is very rare, with prevalence estimates of 1-4.5% in case series of autopsied patients with systemic sarcoidosis. It is extremely rare for sarcoidosis to occur solely in the thyroid gland, but it is usually associated with the involvement of other organs, primarily the lungs and lymph nodes. Typical manifestations are diffuse goiter and solitary or multiple thyroid nodules. Thyroid function remains intact in the majority of cases, but sometimes it can result in hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The diagnosis can be made after fine needle aspiration cytology, but usually it is diagnosed as an incidental finding while analyzing thyroidectomy tissue or during autopsy. Oral steroids are the cornerstone of thyroid sarcoidosis management, along with specific endocrinological treatment on some occasions. Given that we found only 71 reports of thyroid sarcoidosis available in the literature, we created and analyzed a cohort of 24 patients with thyroid sarcoidosis who were described in the literature in the 21st century and reported two additional cases of thyroid sarcoidosis.
Listeria monocytogenes Infection in Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: James C Barton, Hayward S Edmunds Jr
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2018)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Listeria monocytogenes infections have been described in patients with diverse types of malignancy, especially leukemia. We report the case of a 65-year-old man with previously untreated hairy cell leukemia characterized by CD5 positivity and trisomy 12 (3% of blood lymphocytes) who developed bacteremia due to L. monocytogenes serotype 1/2b. We summarize clinical features and treatment of this patient and five previously reported patients with hairy cell leukemia who also had L. monocytogenes infections. All six patients were men. Their mean age at infection diagnosis was 70 y. Three men had undergone splenectomy 4-11 y before they developed L. monocytogenes infection. The central nervous system was the primary site of infection in four men. Bacteremia alone occurred in two other men. At diagnosis of infection, one man was receiving antileukemia chemotherapy and another man was receiving treatment for Kaposi's sarcoma. Two other patients had other comorbid conditions. All six men recovered from their infections.