OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Fractional Photosynthetically Active Radiation From a Canopy 3D Model; Case Study: Almond Yield Prediction
Authors: Xin Zhang, Alireza Pourreza, Kyle H Cheung, German Zuniga-Ramirez, Bruce D Lampinen, Kenneth A Shackel
Journal: Front Plant Sci (2021)
Keywords: aerial photogrammetry, canopy light interception, canopy profile feature, digital elevation model, digital surface model, virtual orchard

Canopy-intercepted light, or photosynthetically active radiation, is fundamentally crucial for quantifying crop biomass development and yield potential. Fractional photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (fPAR) is conventionally obtained by measuring the PAR both below and above the canopy using a mobile lightbar platform to predict the potential yield of nut crops. This study proposed a feasible and low-cost method for accurately estimating the canopy fPAR using aerial photogrammetry-based canopy three-dimensional models. We tested up to eight different varieties in three experimental almond orchards, including California's leading variety of 'Nonpareil'. To extract various canopy profile features, such as canopy cover and canopy volume index, we developed a complete data collection and processing pipeline called Virtual Orchard (VO) in Python environment. Canopy fPAR estimated by VO throughout the season was compared against midday canopy fPAR measured by a mobile lightbar platform in midseason, achieving a strong correlation (R 2) of 0.96. A low root mean square error (RMSE) of 2% for 'Nonpareil'. Furthermore, we developed regression models for predicting actual almond yield using both measures, where VO estimation of canopy fPAR, as a stronger indicator, achieved a much better prediction (R 2 = 0.84 and RMSE = 195 lb acre-1) than the lightbar (R 2 = 0.70 and RMSE = 266 lb acre-1) for 'Nonpareil'. Eight different new models for estimating potential yield were also developed using temporal analysis from May to August in 2019 by adjusting the ratio between fPAR and dry kernel yield previously found using a lightbar. Finally, we compared the two measures at two different spatial precision levels: per-row and per-block. fPAR estimated by VO at the per-tree level was also assessed. Results showed that VO estimated canopy fPAR performed better at each precision level than lightbar with up to 0.13 higher R 2. The findings in this study serve as a fundamental link between aerial-based canopy fPAR and the actual yield of almonds.
Lung Abscess with a Refractory Bronchopleural Fistula Saved from Potentially Fatal Sepsis by Omentoplasty and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Jumpei Takamatsu, Jinkoo Kang, Aya Fukuhara, Yuichi Yasue, Sae Kawata
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Controlling air leaks during thoracic drainage in patients with lung abscesses caused by bronchopleural fistulas is challenging. To reduce the occurrence of air leaks, positive pressure ventilation should be avoided whenever possible. A 69-year-old man presented with a 10-day history of gradually worsening chest pain. He had lost consciousness and was brought to the emergency room. His SpO2 was approximately 70%, and his systolic blood pressure was approximately 60 mmHg. Chest radiography and computed tomography revealed findings suggestive of a right pyothorax. Therefore, thoracic drainage was performed. However, the patient's respiratory status did not improve, and his circulatory status could not be maintained. Therefore, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was introduced after the improvement in circulation by noradrenaline and fluid resuscitation, resulting in adequate oxygenation and ventilation without the use of high-pressure ventilator settings. Subsequently, omentoplasty for a refractory bronchopleural fistula was successfully performed, and the air leak was cured without recurrence of the lung abscess.
Unusual case of ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm in a pregnant woman
Authors: Salma Charfeddine, Dorra Abid, Faten Triki, Leila Abid, Samir Kammoun, Imed Frikha
Journal: Pan Afr Med J (2017)
Keywords: sinus of valsalva aneurysm, patch repair, ruptured aneurysm, transthoracic echocardiography diagnosis
MeSH terms: Aortic Aneurysm / diagnostic imaging, Aortic Rupture / diagnostic imaging, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / diagnostic imaging, Sinus of Valsalva / diagnostic imaging, Case Reports, Adult, Aortic Aneurysm / surgery, Aortic Rupture / surgery, Echocardiography / methods, Female, Heart Murmurs / diagnosis, Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / surgery, Sinus of Valsalva / surgery

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are extremely rare, and usually of a congenital nature. There are few documented cases of this condition during pregnancy, which renders unclear the therapeutic options. We here report the case of a 26 years old pregnant woman who was referred to our cardiac center for the evaluation of a heart murmur. The two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography allowed quickly to establishthe diagnosis of a ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into the right ventricle. A successful surgical correction of the ruptured aneurysm was performed with patch repair.
Type I allergic reaction to rituximab upon first lifetime exposure: a case report
Authors: V Polito, A Barbacki, G Isabwe
Journal: Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol (2020)
Keywords: anaphylaxis, cytokine reaction, drug allergy, hypersensitivity, ige, infusion reaction, mab, monoclonal antibody, rituximab, type i reaction
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
While drug reactions to rituximab have been commonly reported in the literature, a type I allergic reaction to rituximab after first lifetime exposure has never been reported.
Case presentation:
We describe a case of a 58-year-old female patient who received rituximab for the first time for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. She developed symptoms immediately after infusion, however presented 11 days after drug exposure with cyclical anaphylaxis-like reaction requiring multiple doses of epinephrine. On second exposure, she experienced immediate anaphylaxis 30 min into infusion.
Conclusion:
Our case illustrates the importance of heightened awareness by physicians that type I IgE-mediated reactions after first exposure to monoclonal antibodies such as rituximab are possible, and if unrecognized, could be potentially life-threatening.
Triple Synchronous Primary Neoplasms of the Cervix, Endometrium, and Ovary: A Rare Case Report and Summary of All the English PubMed-Indexed Literature
Authors: Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Mohannad Alsabban, Mohammed Abuzaid, Osama Alomar, Hany Salem, Ismail A Al-Badawi
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The incidence rate of triple or more synchronous primary neoplasms of the female genital system is exceedingly uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, only 13 such cases have been reported in the PubMed-indexed English literature. Herein, we report a single case of triple synchronous primary neoplasms of the cervix, endometrium, and left ovary with three distinct histological patterns that were not reported previously. Moreover, we briefly present a summary table of all the English PubMed-indexed cases of triple or more synchronous primary neoplasms of the female genital system (n = 13).
Anaplastic Spindle Cell Squamous Carcinoma Arising from Tall Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Darren K Patten, Alia Ahmed, Owain Greaves, Roberto Dina, Rashpal Flora, Neil Tolley
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), an aggressive form of thyroid cancer, is characterised by 50% of cells with height that is three times greater than the width. Very rarely, some of these cancers can progress to spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SCSC) resulting in cancers with elements of both SCSC and TCV PTC. Here we report a case of SCSC arising from TCV PTC. In addition to this case, we have performed a literature review and compiled all published reports of SCSC arising from TCV PTC, including the nature of treatment and the prognosis for each of the 20 patients recorded. This is intended for use as a guide for clinicians in what the most appropriate treatment options may be for a newly diagnosed patient. Due to the rarity coupled with diagnosis occurring at a very advanced stage of disease progression, performing clinical trials is difficult and therefore drawing conclusions on optimal treatment methods remains a challenge.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors associated with neurofibromatosis 1: a single centre experience and systematic review of the literature including 252 cases
Authors: Pier Federico Salvi, Laura Lorenzon, Salvatore Caterino, Laura Antolino, Maria Serena Antonelli, Genoveffa Balducci
Journal: Int J Surg Oncol (2013)
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / pathology, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / pathology, Neurofibromatosis 1 / pathology, Review, Systematic Review, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Young Adult

Aims:
The objectives of this study were (a) to report our experience regarding the association between neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs); (b) to provide a systematic review of the literature in this field; and (c) to compare the features of NF1-associated GISTs with those reported in sporadic GISTs.
Methods:
We reported two cases of NF1-associated GISTs. Moreover we reviewed 23 case reports/series including 252 GISTs detected in 126 NF1 patients; the data obtained from different studies were analyzed and compared to those of the sporadic GISTs undergone surgical treatment at our centre.
Results:
NF1 patients presenting with GISTs had a homogeneous M/F ratio with a mean age of 52.8 years. NF1-associated GISTs were often reported as multiple tumors, mainly incidental, localized at the jejunum, with a mean diameter of 3.8 cm, a mean mitotic count of 3.0/50 HPF, and KIT/PDGFR α wild type. We reported a statistical difference comparing the age and the symptoms at presentation, the tumors' diameters and localizations, and the risk criteria of the NF1-associated GISTs comparing to those documented in sporadic GISTs.
Conclusions:
NF1-associated GISTs seem to have a distinct phenotype, specifically younger age, distal localization, small diameter, and absence of KIT/PDGRF α mutations.
McConnell Sign in a Patient with Massive Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Qaiser Shafiq, Ragheb Assaly, Yousuf Kanjwal
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 48-year-old female was admitted after experiencing a brief syncopal episode. Three weeks ago the patient sustained a right arm humerus bone fracture in a motor vehicle accident. Since the accident, her mobility has been limited. CT angiogram of the chest revealed massive bilateral pulmonary emboli. A 2D echocardiogram was performed, which demonstrated McConnell sign and severe right ventricle dysfunction. Considering potential of hemodynamic instability, the patient received fibrinolytic therapy with Alteplase. A subsequent 2D echocardiogram showed complete resolution of McConnell sign and right ventricle dysfunction.
Congenital spinal tumor in a patient with encephalocele and hydrocephalus: a case report
Authors: Farid Radmanesh, Farideh Nejat, Fatemeh Mahjoub, Mostafa El Khashab
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2011)

Introduction:
Encephalocele is a rare congenital abnormality of the central nervous system, where brain tissue protrudes from a defect in the skull. Some anomalies are associated with encephalocele. However, the association of spinal teratoma and encephalocele has not been reported in the English literature.
Case presentation:
We report the case of an Iranian girl with a history of encephalocele surgery, who, at the age of four years, developed an intramedullary spinal teratoma, and discuss the pathogenesis of this association.
Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between encephalocele and spinal teratoma.
Acute endocarditis in intravenous drug users: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yan Ji, Lara Kujtan, Dawn Kershner
Journal: J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect (2012)
Keywords: infective endocarditis, janeway lesions, mssa, tee, intravenous drug use, subungual splinter hemorrhages
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a notorious complication of intravenous drug use (IDU). It typically affects the cardiac valves. Among these, the tricuspid is the most common affected valve, although the mitral and/or aortic valves can also be involved. Methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is the most common etiological microbial agent of IE in IDU. Once IE is diagnosed, antibiotic treatment should start immediately after blood cultures have been obtained. However, IE in this particular patient population is more difficult to treat, and has a high recurrence rate compared to other patient populations, because of continuing IDU and medical non-compliance. Here, we present an interesting case of IE in a relatively young IDU patient with severe MSSA positive sepsis. The updated diagnostic and treatment strategies, as well as the ethical issues involved in the management of IE patients in the setting of current active IDU will also be discussed.
Ivacaftor Therapy in CF Patients: Single Center Experience
Authors: Pritish Mondal, Amber Loyson, Jorge Lascano, Satyanarayan Hegde
Journal: Adv Med (2014)

Ivacaftor is the first novel cystic fibrosis pharmaceutical that acts at the molecular level to potentiate cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function and was first approved for clinical use in 2012. We are sharing our single center experience of five patients: four from pediatric age group and one adult patient. All patients had both subjective and objective improvements in their health. Despite established lung disease, our patients had significant improvement in both their FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FEF25-75 and BMI (body mass index). Larger studies demonstrated only 6.7% improvement in mean FEV1 after starting Ivacaftor therapy but their patient population had normal lung function to begin with. In contrast our case series demonstrates that, in patients with established lung disease and diminished lung function, Ivacaftor can be expected to result in much higher recovery in lung function. Mean FEV1 improved by 35% in our case series. Ivacaftor is extremely expensive, costing $300,000 per patient per year requiring lifelong therapy, hence requiring prior authorizations from most third-party payers in the USA. The knowledge shared from our experience will be useful for other clinicians to petition healthcare policymakers on behalf of their patients.
Gardnerella vaginalis, from the Vaginal Microbiota to Prosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Marion Thomas, Valérie Zeller, Beate Heym, Vanina Meyssonnier, Simon Marmor, Jean-Marc Ziza
Journal: J Bone Jt Infect (2019)
Keywords: gardnerella vaginalis, hematogenous infection, prosthetic joint infection, vaginosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We describe two cases of chronic Gardnerella vaginalis prosthetic hip infections, in an immunocompetent postmenopausal woman and a young immunocompromised woman. G. vaginalis was also isolated from the genital tract, suggesting hematogenous spread of the bacterium. Outcomes were favorable after one-stage exchange arthroplasty and prolonged antibiotic therapy.
Folgoration as an Example of Pathergy in a Patient Affected by Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Takayasu's Arteritis
Authors: A G Richetta, S D'Epiro, C Mattozzi, S Giancristoforo, S Calvieri
Journal: Dermatol Res Pract (2009)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic dermatosis of unknown aetiology. Clinical manifestations of PG are characterized by destructive, necrotizing, and noninfective ulceration of the skin. 20-30% of cases are initiated and aggravated by minor trauma or surgery, a phenomenon named pathergy. PG is related to several autoimmune diseases including ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and monoclonal gammopathy. The association with Takayasu's arteritis (TA), a chronic inflammatory and stenotic disease of large and medium-sized arteries, is instead less common. We report a case of PG associated with TA that was induced by an accident with folgoration of the skin; in this case the folgoration can be considered as an exemple of Pathergy, that is, a characteristic feature of PG.
Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets and Cinacalcet-One More Favorable Experience
Authors: Ramona C Nicolescu, Jacques Lombet, Etienne Cavalier
Journal: Front Pediatr (2018)
Keywords: 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin d3, alopecia, cinacalcet, rickets, vitamin d receptor
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early onset of severe rickets, with a complete triad of clinical, biochemical and skeletal abnormalities. Homozygous or heterozygous mutations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene leading to complete or partial target organ resistance to the action of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (the active form of vitamin D) are responsible for HVDRR. Theoretically the therapeutic goal is to overcome this tissue resistance, and to normalize calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Practically, the treatment could be oriented to correct the secondary hyperparathyroidism to avoid long-term negative impact on bone health. The conventional therapeutic strategy (high-dose calcium plus active vitamin D metabolites) gives variable responses in magnitude and duration. We report a case of HVDRR with heterozygous mutation in the VDR gene, neonatal alopecia, and a severe clinical phenotype diagnosed at the age of 30 months who showed unsatisfactory response to traditional therapy. The short-term responsiveness to cinacalcet was encouraging, with adequate correction of phosphate-calcium homeostasis and significant improvement of clinical and radiological status at 6 months of treatment.
Case report: Multiple arterial stenoses induced by autosomal-recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 associated with mutation of ENPP1: a case study
Authors: Jie Liu, Xitao Song, Daming Zhang, Yan Jiang, Mingsheng Ma, Zhengqing Qiu, Weibo Xia, Yuexin Chen
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2023)
Keywords: enpp1, arterial stenosis, autosomal-recessive hypophosphatemic rickets-2, childhood, hypertension
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1)-related multiple arterial stenoses is a rare clinical syndrome in which global arterial calcification begins in infancy, with a high probability of early mortality, and hypophosphatemic rickets develops later in childhood. The vascular status of an ENPP1-mutated patient when they enter the rickets phase has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we presented a case of an adolescent with an ENPP1 mutation who complained of uncontrolled hypertension. Systematic radiography showed renal, carotid, cranial, and aortic stenoses as well as random calcification foci on arterial walls. The patient was incorrectly diagnosed with Takayasu's arteritis, and cortisol therapy had little effect on reducing the vascular stenosis. As a result, phosphate replacement, calcitriol substitution, and antihypertensive medication were prescribed, and the patient was discharged for further examination. This research presented the vascular alterations of an ENPP1-mutanted patient, and while there is less calcification, intimal thickening may be the primary cause of arterial stenosis.
Rupture and intra-peritoneal bleeding of a hepatocellular carcinoma after a transarterial chemoembolization procedure: a case report
Authors: Artan Reso, Chad G Ball, Francis R Sutherland, Oliver Bathe, Elijah Dixon
Journal: Cases J (2009)

Background:
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a well accepted treatment for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While minor complications involve 10% of all patients, severe complications are rare.
Case presentation:
We describe a case of a 90-year-old male with a large, superficial HCC who underwent TACE. He had a significant intraperitoneal bleed secondary to tumor rupture immediately following the procedure.
Conclusion:
Tumor size and superficial location must be considered risk factors for tumor rupture and related complications.
Elastic Intramedullary Nailing of a Medial Clavicle Fracture in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Michael J Stark, Michael J DeFranco
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Injuries to the medial clavicle in pediatric patients typically involve the physis and/or sternoclavicular joint. Clavicle fractures are one of the most common injuries in children, but ones at its medial end are rare. Most medial clavicle fractures are treated nonoperatively, but surgery is indicated in some cases. This original case report is unique in describing the use of an elastic intramedullary nail for fixation of a completely displaced medial clavicle fracture in a pediatric patient.
Case presentation:
A pediatric patient sustained a completely displaced fracture of the medial clavicle. The fracture was lateral to the medial physis of the clavicle and did not involve the sternoclavicular joint. Internal fixation was achieved in an anatomic position with an elastic intramedullary nail. The postoperative course was unremarkable and resulted in complete healing of the fracture in an anatomic position. The patient returned to full activities without any pain or dysfunction.
Conclusion:
The use of elastic intramedullary nails is a viable option for internal fixation of displaced medial clavicle fractures. Knowledge of the surgical anatomy, potential implant complications, and rehabilitation principles is essential to a successful outcome.
Bilateral Ulnar-Sided Wrist Pain due to Pisiform-Hamate Coalition
Authors: Ingo Nolte, Flavien Mauler, Tomás Sánchez
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Coalition between the pisiform and the hamate is a rare congenital anomaly, often presenting as an asymptomatic incidental finding on radiographs. In some cases, it may become symptomatic, typically after trauma. We present a 13-year-old patient, with no history of trauma, presenting a bilateral painful coalition of the pisiform and hamate. Both of which were treated with excision of the pisiform resulting in complete pain relief. Pisiform-hamate coalition is a rare condition, which can become symptomatic even without any trauma or overuse activity, and is an important differential diagnosis in ulnar-sided wrist pain.
Importance of HER2 Work-Up and Treatment Even in Patients with Poor Performance Status: A Case Report
Authors: Ali Suner, Hakan Buyukhatipoglu, Ozan Balakan, Mehmet Emin Kalender, Turgay Ulas, Alper Sevinc, Celalettin Camci
Journal: Case Rep Oncol Med (2014)

Gastric cancer is one of most common types of cancers. Metastatic gastric cancer has a poor prognosis and is accepted as incurable at this stage. Treatment of metastatic gastric cancer did not progress substantially until new targeted agents have come out. Recently published ToGA trial showed promising results in HER2 overexpressing metastatic gastric cancer. In this case we present a case with an excellent complete response with anti-HER2 treatment. Most importantly, we wanted to emphasize (1) the importance of early determination of HER2 overexpression, and (2) to draw attention of anti-HER2 agents in the first line treatment even in patients with a poor performance status.