OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Scott-Taor Syndrome: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Rui L Madureira, Adélio Vilaça, Paulo Pereira, Teresa Gomes, Xénia Verraest
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: coxopodopatellar syndrome, ischiopatellar dysplasia, scott-taor syndrome, small patella syndrome, tbx4 gene
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Scott-Taor syndrome is a benign bone dysplasia with less than 50 cases reported. The latter is an autosomal dominant disease characterized mainly by patellar a/hypoplasia and bilateral malunion ossification of the ischiopubic junction, a wide gap between the first and second toes. The diagnosis is clinical and radiographical. Here, we present a 17-year-old female patient with this rare syndrome. Considering this diagnosis is crucial for a better understanding of the pathology and to effectively contextualize the patient's clinical findings.
Cubonavicular Coalition in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Khalaf Alnowaishiri, Hamad Alazmi, Abdulrahman Aldousari, Abdullah Alsahli, Ahlam Alharbi
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: cuboid bone, foot pain, magnetic resonance imaging, navicular bone, tarsal coalition
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cubonavicular coalition is a rare congenital anomaly involving fibrous or osseous fusion between the cuboid and navicular bones. This case report presents a comprehensive analysis of a 10-year-old female patient with cubonavicular coalition, detailing the diagnostic challenges and tailored therapeutic interventions. The patient presented with persistent left foot pain and restricted range of motion. Clinical examination, radiographic studies, and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed cubonavicular coalition. Laboratory investigations ruled out systemic inflammatory processes. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, initially employing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physical therapy. Surgical resection of the coalition was performed due to persistent symptoms, leading to successful outcomes. This case report contributes valuable insights into the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of cubonavicular coalition in pediatric patients. The successful outcome underscores the importance of a comprehensive and individualized approach, providing a basis for informed decision-making in similar cases. Continued research is essential to refine therapeutic algorithms and enhance understanding of rare musculoskeletal anomalies.
Eyelid Lesion of Molluscum contagiosum: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Sandhya Chaurasia, Varun Rastogi, Nisha Maddheshiya, Dilasha Dhungel, Karthikeyan Ramalingam
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: eyelid, henderson-patterson bodies, infection, lower eyelid, mollusca, molluscum contagiosum, nodule, pathogenesis, treatment, viral
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection in children that affects the skin and oral mucous membranes. It is caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV), a double-stranded DNA virus in the Poxviridae family. Transmission takes place via direct skin contact, self-inoculation, and exposure to contaminated objects. Clinically, it is characterized by the presence of a single or multiple enlarged dome-shaped or doughnut-shaped flesh-colored papules with central umbilication, usually called "mollusca". The diagnosis of MC is based mainly on clinical observations, in addition to histopathological examinations to reveal characteristic molluscum bodies, also known as Henderson-Patterson bodies. Current treatment methods include mechanical, chemical, immune modulation, and antiviral treatments. In this context, we present a case involving a 42-year-old male infected with MC, outlining both the clinical and histopathological findings.
Case report: A patient with brachio-cervical inflammatory myopathy was misdiagnosed as flail arm syndrome
Authors: Hui Sun, Xiao-Jing Wei, Ye Han, Yong-Chun Wang, Zi-Yi Wang, Xue-Fan Yu
Journal: Front Immunol (2024)
Keywords: brachio-cervical inflammatory myopathy, case report, flail arm syndrome, misdiagnosis, myositis
MeSH terms: Diagnostic Errors, Myositis / diagnosis, Myositis / immunology, Case Reports, Arm, Electromyography, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Weakness / diagnosis, Muscle Weakness / etiology, Muscle, Skeletal / immunology, Muscle, Skeletal / pathology, Muscular Atrophy / diagnosis

Brachio-cervical inflammatory myopathy (BCIM) is a rare inflammatory myopathy characterized by dysphagia, bilateral upper limb atrophy, limb-girdle muscle weakness, and myositis-specific antibody (MSA) negativity. BCIM has a low incidence and is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases. We present a case report of a 55-year-old man with progressive upper limb weakness and atrophy, diagnosed with flail arm syndrome (FAS). The initial electromyography revealed extensive spontaneous muscle activity and increased duration of motor unit potentials (MUPs). During follow-up, evidence of myogenic damage was observed, as indicated by a decreased duration of MUPs in the right biceps muscle. Laboratory and genetic testing ruled out hereditary or acquired diseases. Negative serological antibodies for myasthenia gravis. Hereditary or acquired diseases were ruled out through laboratory and genetic testing. Whole-body muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed extensive edema and fat replacement in the bilateral upper limbs, scapular, and central axis muscles, while the lower extremities were relatively mildly affected. Muscle biopsy revealed numerous foci of inflammatory cells distributed throughout the muscle bundle, with predominant CD20, CD138, and CD68 expression, accompanied by a light infiltration of CD3 and CD4 expression. The muscle weakness improved with the combination of oral prednisone (initially 60 mg/day, tapered) and methotrexate (5 mg/week) treatment.
Case Report: Multidisciplinary management of primary inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma: a comprehensive case study
Authors: Wuchao Li, Xiaoyong Zhang, Yi Zhang, Rongpin Wang
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: adjuvant therapy, case report, inferior vena cava, leiomyosarcoma, surgical resection
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Primary Inferior vena cava (IVC) leiomyosarcoma, a rare malignant tumor, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its rarity and the lack of consensus on surgical and adjuvant therapy approaches.
Case report:
A 39-year-old female patient presented with lower limb swelling and mild fatigue. Contrast-enhanced CT identified a tumor mass within the dilated IVC. Abdominal MRI revealed primary IVC leiomyosarcoma extending into the right hepatic vein. A multidisciplinary consultation established a diagnosis and devised a treatment plan, opting for Ex-vivo Liver Resection and Auto-transplantation (ELRA), tumor resection and IVC reconstruction. Pathological examination confirmed primary IVC leiomyosarcoma. Postoperatively, the patient underwent a comprehensive treatment strategy that included radiochemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and PRaG therapy (PD-1 inhibitor, Radiotherapy, and Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor). Despite the tumor's recurrence and metastasis, the disease progression was partially controlled.
Conclusion:
This case report emphasizes the complexities of diagnosing and treating IVC leiomyosarcoma and highlights the potential benefits of employing ELRA, IVC reconstruction, and PRaG therapy. Our study may serve as a valuable reference for future investigations addressing the management of this rare disease.
Case report: Two case reports of cryptogenic brain abscess caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum and literature review
Authors: Zuoxin Zhang, Jing Liu, Linxi Su, Weiwei Huang, Yuchun Pei, Guohao Huang, Lin Yang, Shengqing Lv, Jinbo Yin, Guolong Liu
Journal: Front Neurosci (2023)
Keywords: fusobacterium nucleatum, cryptogenic brain abscess, diagnosis, limb dysfunction, minimally invasive, treatment
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Brain abscess originates from a localized cerebritis area of brain parenchyma, remaining a refractory infectious disease in the central nervous system. Causative pathogens can be wide-ranging, including bacteria, fungi, or parasites; thus, precise pathogen identification and individualized antimicrobial therapy determine patients' outcomes. Here, we report two cases where both patients only presented with limb dysfunction, but without symptoms, signs, or biological evidence of infection. Samples were obtained through brain stereoscopic surgeries and microbial identifications were performed to confirm the infection of Fusobacterium nucleatum. Further appropriate treatments were given, and the patients recovered well. Patient 1 was a 73-year-old male with a 20-day history of left-sided limbs weakness. A brain MRI showed a space-occupying lesion with a heterogeneously ring-enhancement character in the right frontal lobe. This patient underwent puncture biopsy of the lesion with robot-assisted guidance to confirm a brain abscess. Empirical antibiotic therapy was immediately given until the pathogen was identified as Fusobacterium nucleatum; thus, he received specific antibiotic therapy with metronidazole and recovered well after treatment. Patient 2 was a 22-year-old female with heart disease history who complained of right-sided limb weakness for nine days. A brain MRI showed a circular enhanced lesion with a thin capsule wall and surrounding edema in the left frontal lobe. This patient underwent puncture drainage of the lesion with robot-assisted guidance and a brain abscess was confirmed. Empirical antibiotic therapy was given until the pathogen was identified as Fusobacterium nucleatum and then she also received metronidazole treatment. Her symptoms recovered and the lesion disappeared after 1 month. Hence, we reviewed the diagnosis and treatment of cryptogenic brain abscess caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum and highlight that precise neurosurgical interventions and identification of causative pathogens are crucial for the management of brain abscess.
A Case of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Lung Cancer Suffered from Euglycemic Diabetic Ketosis Accompanied by Adrenal Insufficiency after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Saeko Shibasaki, Chisei Noda, Akihisa Imagawa, Sadaki Sakane
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 74-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus received basal-bolus insulin, insulin secretagogues, and sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. After immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for lung cancer, he suffered from depressed consciousness with a urinary ketone body (3+). When all hypoglycemic treatments were discontinued, his serum blood glucose remained at 121 mg/dL. He was diagnosed with euglycemic diabetic ketosis. Endocrine loading tests revealed isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency as an immune-related adverse event. It was suggested that euglycemic diabetic ketosis was induced by the self-suspension of insulin and insulin secretagogues, adrenal insufficiency, SGLT2 inhibitors, and carbohydrate intake shortage.
Managing Ventricular Wall Rupture as a Complication of Late Presentation MI in a Complex Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Waleed Shaker, Ahsan A Khan, Michael K O Boateng, Mahmoud Abdelziz, Lampson Fan
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Ventricular free wall rupture is an infrequent but serious complication of myocardial infarction with high mortality despite surgical intervention. In recent years with the COVID-19 pandemic, observational studies have reported a rise in this complication most likely due to patient hesitation in seeking urgent medical assistance for fear of contracting COVID-19 in a hospital setting. This case report highlights the early recognition and diagnosis of ventricular wall rupture by the heart team with a good surgical outcome in a complex patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Ventricular rupture should be considered in deteriorating patients presenting with suspicion of late presentation myocardial infarction. Clinicians in the post-COVID-19 era should expect to see these complications more frequently.
Thyrotoxicosis due to Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Unmet Needs in the Management of Gestational Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Kalyan Mansukhbhai Shekhda, Vladislav Zlatkin, Bernard Khoo, Eleni Armeni
Journal: Case Rep Endocrinol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is rare but can have severe adverse consequences for the mother or foetus if left undiagnosed and untreated. It can be caused by an underlying thyroid disease or develop as gestational transient thyrotoxicosis. Molar pregnancy stands out as a pathological condition characterized by abnormal trophoblastic cell growth, which can manifest in benign or malignant forms, and is diagnosed with a disproportionate elevation of β-hCG (beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin) and specific features on ultrasonography including absent sac and large multicystic or honeycomb appearance. A pronounced increase in β-hCG levels can trigger hyperthyroidism, due to the structural resemblance between β-hCG and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), although the thyrotrophic effects of β-hCG could vary between patients diagnosed with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). In this report, we present two cases (Patient 1: 43 years, Patient 2: 31 years) who came to emergency department following a history of vaginal spotting, palpitations, and hyperemesis. In both patients, blood tests indicated disproportionately elevated β-hCG levels along with high levels of Free T4 (FT4) and Free T3 (FT3), as well as suppressed TSH levels. Ultrasonography showed nonviable products of conception with large multicystic hemorrhagic lesions and empty gestational sacs, thereby confirming GTD. The Burch-Wartofsky Point Scale scores were 20 and 15 points, respectively, suggesting that they were less likely to be in thyroid storm at presentation. Antithyroid medications were administered, followed by evacuation of the products of conception. Postoperatively, their thyroid function was normalized. These cases underscore the importance of ruling out thyroid storm, monitoring thyroid function, and treating hyperthyroidism appropriately before undergoing surgical treatment. It is also important to consider the variability in the thyrotrophic effects of β-hCG among individuals diagnosed with GTD. In addition to monitoring free thyroid hormone levels, it is crucial to consider clinical symptoms to effectively manage such cases.
Perinatal Renal Vein Thrombosis: Role of Imaging in the Initial Diagnosis
Authors: Ana Filipa Forjaco Jorge, Pedro Rodriguez Rios Riesenberger, Maria Eugénia Trindade Soares
Journal: J Belg Soc Radiol (2023)
Keywords: neonatal doppler study, neonatal ultrasound, perinatal renal vein thrombosis
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We report the case of a neonate who presented with a left abdominal flank mass and hemodynamic instability signs, with the final diagnosis of left renal vein thrombosis complicated with inferior vena cava thrombosis and perirenal hematoma. We illustrate the importance of an early imaging approach with ultrasound and Doppler evaluation to finally diagnose perinatal renal vein thrombosis and its complications.
Teaching point:
An early imaging approach with ultrasound and Doppler evaluation is fundamental to finally diagnose perinatal renal vein thrombosis and its complications.
Desvenlafaxine-Triggered Acneiform Eruptions on the Hand: A Compelling Case Report
Authors: Anupam S Yadav, Sonali Singh, Jaismeen Randhawa, Chinaza M Akuma, Ogbonnaya Akuma, Hassan A Chaudhry
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: antidepressant, desvenlafaxine, drug induced, skip eruptions, snri
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 45-year-old male developed a skin eruption after starting Desvenlafaxine for depressive symptoms associated with schizophreniform disorder. The patient developed a rash on the hand, hyperpigmentation, and itching, which resolved after discontinuing the medication. The Naranjo score suggested a probable link between desvenlafaxine and the skin reaction. Stable vital signs and normal labs supported this conclusion. The case underscores the importance of recognizing and reporting adverse drug reactions, even with generally safe medications like desvenlafaxine. Further research with larger samples is needed to explore this relationship in more depth.
Balloon-Assisted Thrombin Injection of a Profunda Femoral Pseudoaneurysm Using Radial Access
Authors: Medhat Chowdhury, Cameron Whilter, Phanindra Antharam, Pritham Reddy, Herman Kado, Matthew Osher
Journal: Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J (2024)
Keywords: balloon assisted, profunda, pseudoaneurysm, radial access, thrombin injection
MeSH terms: Aneurysm, False / diagnostic imaging, Aneurysm, False / drug therapy, Thrombin / adverse effects, Case Reports, Femoral Artery / diagnostic imaging, Humans, Pressure, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Thrombin

The profunda femoral artery is an uncommon location for a pseudoaneurysm and is technically challenging to resolve with traditional techniques, such as ultrasound-guided compression or thrombin injection, owing to its deep anatomical location. Balloon-assisted thrombin injection (BATI) is a technique that has been shown to be effective using contralateral access for technically difficult pseudoaneurysms in high-risk surgical patients. We report a case of BATI using radial access in a patient with a profunda femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal intracranial medulloepithelioma: a case report
Authors: Zhuo Meng, Lin Chen, Fangfang Chen, Shixin Fu, Hongkui Yu, Xiaoyan Chen
Journal: Front Neurol (2024)
Keywords: congenital brain tumor, fetal ultrasonography, medulloepithelioma, prenatal diagnosis, radiological features
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Intracranial medulloepithelioma is a very rare and highly malignant tumor that is typically diagnosed in childhood and has an inferior prognosis. In the current report, we described a case of fetal intracranial medulloepithelioma that was detected during the third trimester by prenatal ultrasonography, which displayed homogenous echogenicity with well-circumscribed margins and abundant blood flow. On magnetic resonance imaging, it was hyperintense on both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The fetal intracranial tumor was progressive, with rapid expansion within 3 weeks. The report aimed to provide knowledge on the clinical characteristics of fetal intracranial medulloepithelioma in prenatal diagnosis, particularly the radiological features.
Case report: Intensive online trauma treatment combining prolonged exposure and EMDR 2.0 in a patient with severe and chronic PTSD
Authors: Suzy J M A Matthijssen, Sophie D F Menses
Journal: Front Psychiatry (2024)
Keywords: emdr 20, ptsd, case report, online, prolonged exposure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Short and intensive trauma treatment programs seem promising in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the effects performing these types of intensive treatment programs online.
Method:
At the Altrecht Academic Anxiety Centre, an in person intensive trauma focused treatment of six days (three consecutive days in two weeks) was altered into a fully online treatment. A treatment day consisted of 90 minutes of prolonged exposure, 60 minutes of exercise, 90 minutes of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) 2.0 and 60 minutes of psychoeducation. Mary, a patient diagnosed with chronic and severe PTSD, chronic depressive disorder (single episode, moderate to severe), a panic disorder, and an other specified personality disorder was the first patient to take part in this intensive online trauma treatment.
Results:
Mary reached full remission of PTSD. The PTSD symptoms (measured on both the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5, CAPS-5 and The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, PCL-5) showed maximum improvement and were completely absent during one month and six month follow-up. Moreover, she no longer suffered from severe depressive symptoms and did not report any general psychiatric symptoms (measured with the Beck Depression Inventory version 2, BDI-II and the Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the case-report demonstrates that intensive trauma treatment online was successful in this specific case, thereby being a 'proof of concept' that intensive trauma treatment online is feasible. It might be promising for patients with severe and chronic PTSD and comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, further research must show if the results of this specific case can be translated to other patients with severe and chronic PTSD and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
Clinical and imaging features of pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Xianwen Hu, Wei Zhao, Fangming Li, Pan Wang, Jiong Cai
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: ct, pet/ct, lung, lung cancer, mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma (MSGP) is a rare benign lung tumor with both squamous and glandular epithelial components. Reports on primary lung MSGP are few, and the aim of this study is to describe the imaging, including computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) findings, and histopathological characteristics of a case of MSGP in our hospital. A 53-year-old woman with no smoking history who underwent a chest CT scan revealed a nodule in the upper lobe of the left lung. The solid nodule showed no lobulation or spiculation but demonstrated significant enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake on PET. Moreover, a literature review identified 19 cases of lung MSGPs involving imaging findings, including CT and/or PET imaging. Except for one patient with a ground glass nodule, the rest were solid and ranged in size from 0.7 to 8.2 cm, which can present as a mildly to significantly increased 18F-FDG uptake on PET. MSGP is a rare benign tumor entity, and understanding its imaging findings and pathological immunohistochemical characteristics will help to improve the accurate diagnosis of MSGP so as to avoid unnecessary lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection.