OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Left Pulmonary Artery Stenting for Left Pulmonary Artery Stenosis Following Patent Ductus Arteriosus Device Closure: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Víctor Molina, Mehdi Hadid, Joaquim Miró, Nagib Dahdah
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Percutaneous device occlusion is currently the standard of care for most cases of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Albeit infrequent, device-related left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenosis is a known complication of this procedure, occasionally requiring stent placement to relieve the obstruction. We present a series of four patients who required left pulmonary stenting after ductus arteriosus device closure. A review of the current evidence is presented.
The Unrepaired Tetralogy of Fallot: A Tale of Delayed Presentation and Limited Access to Care
Authors: Pramod Bhattarai, Monika Karki
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: adult congenital heart disease (achd), cyanosis, eisenmenger syndrome, overriding aorta, tof
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common cyanotic congenital heart disease characterized by four distinct anatomical features. While surgical repair has significantly improved long-term outcomes, some individuals, particularly those from low socioeconomic backgrounds who lack access to medical care, may suffer from complications such as pulmonary hypertension (pHTN) and heart failure. We present a case report of a young female with unrepaired TOF who presented with acute-on-chronic hypoxic respiratory failure and heart failure, highlighting the complex nature and challenges associated with this condition.
Mortality and Morbidity of Human Metapneumovirus Infection in the Pre-COVID-19 Era: The Value of the Charlson Comorbidity Index on Outcome Prediction
Authors: Merita T Shehu, Arturo Pascual, Piotr Kapinos, Marc Y El Khoury
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: charlson comorbidity index, hospitalization, human metapneumovirus, morbidity and mortality, outcome evaluation

Introduction:
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important cause of seasonal respiratory tract infections, mainly in children and immunocompromised adults. The use of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict outcomes in hospitalized patients has been validated in several settings.
Objective:
This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of adult patients with HMPV infection and evaluate the value of the CCI in predicting outcomes in patients with acute HMPV infections requiring hospitalization.
Method:
This is a single-center case-series study of hospitalized patients with HMPV infection in 2017.
Results:
Twenty-two adult patients with a mean age of 65 years were reviewed. The mean CCI was 4.6±2.6. The overall mortality was 22%. An abnormal chest X-ray (CXR) was reported in 15 patients. CCI was not different between survivors and non-survivors. Non-survivors were more likely to have abnormal CXR and a higher fever at the time of diagnosis, required mechanical ventilation, or had other concomitant infections.
Conclusion:
The average CCI was 4.5, which was not significantly different between survivors and non-survivors. The mortality rate was elevated by 22% and was likely associated with admission to the ICU as well as the presence of another concomitant infection.
Biomaterials combined with ADSCs for bone tissue engineering: current advances and applications
Authors: Yiping Song, Ning Wang, Huixin Shi, Dan Zhang, Qiang Wang, Shu Guo, Shude Yang, Jia Ma
Journal: Regen Biomater (2023)
Keywords: adipose-derived stem cells, angiogenesis, bone tissue engineering, inflammation, osteogenesis
MeSH terms: Review

In recent decades, bone tissue engineering, which is supported by scaffold, seed cells and bioactive molecules (BMs), has provided new hope and direction for treating bone defects. In terms of seed cells, compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which were widely utilized in previous years, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are becoming increasingly favored by researchers due to their abundant sources, easy availability and multi-differentiation potentials. However, there is no systematic theoretical basis for selecting appropriate biomaterials loaded with ADSCs. In this review, the regulatory effects of various biomaterials on the behavior of ADSCs are summarized from four perspectives, including biocompatibility, inflammation regulation, angiogenesis and osteogenesis, to illustrate the potential of combining various materials with ADSCs for the treatment of bone defects. In addition, we conclude the influence of additional application of various BMs on the bone repair effect of ADSCs, in order to provide more evidences and support for the selection or preparation of suitable biomaterials and BMs to work with ADSCs. More importantly, the associated clinical case reports and experiments are generalized to provide additional ideas for the clinical transformation and application of bone tissue engineering loaded with ADSCs.
The Use of Point of Care Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Peritonsillar Abscess
Authors: Brian Kohen, Melanie Perez, Jheanelle Mckay, Rolando Zamora, Curtis Xu
Journal: POCUS J (2023)
Keywords: ent, emergency ultrasound, pocus, pediatrics case presentation, peritonsillar abscess
MeSH terms: Case Reports

The use of point of care ultrasound (POCUS) for diagnosis and treatment of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is increasing 1. Proven advantages include improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment success rates as well as decreased otolaryngology consultation, computed tomography (CT) usage, return visits to the emergency department (ED), and length of stay 1. We present a case of a patient with a PTA that was diagnosed and successfully treated utilizing POCUS, avoiding the need for otolaryngology consultation and CT.
Retrograde Flow Into the Internal Jugular Vein in a Hemodialysis Patient Mimicking Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Eri Shiozaki, Yoichi Morofuji, Tsuyoshi Izumo, Takayuki Matsuo
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: arterial spin labeling (asl), arteriovenous graft fistula, dural arteriovenous fistula (davf), hemodialysis complication, intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula, jugular valve disfunction, jugular vein reflux
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) and three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) are sensitive tools to detect dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), but hyperintensity in these images is also caused by jugular venous reflux. We present a case of a patient with renal failure on hemodialysis with retrograde flow into the internal jugular vein (IJV) mimicking DAVF. A 74-year-old man with a radial arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis experienced transient dizziness. The TOF MRA and ASL revealed high signal intensity, suggesting the presence of a DAVF in the left transverse and sigmoid sinuses and the IJV. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed no evidence of a DAVF but showed retrograde flow into the IJV via his radial shunt. In hemodialysis patients, a high-flow shunt can cause fast retrograde flow into the dural sinuses and might lead to intracranial hypertension. The ASL images are useful for early detection and careful observation.
A Rare Case of an Eosinophilic Pleural Effusion and Loculated Ascites Associated with Strongyloides stercoralis Hyperinfection Syndrome in California
Authors: Alexander T Phan, Luke Buxton, Mohammad Waqas Choudhery, Henrik Ghantarchyan, Curtis Converse
Journal: Case Rep Pulmonol (2024)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction. Strongyloides stercoralis causes a helminthic infection that occurs via penetration of the skin with migration to the bloodstream, tracheobronchial tree, and gastrointestinal system. Pulmonary manifestations are rare and are typically seen in immunosuppressed patients who have Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome. Eosinophilic pleural effusions are rare in strongyloidiasis and only cited in a few case reports. Case Presentation. A 45-year-old male with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus, alcoholic cirrhosis, and end-stage renal disease presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and dyspnea. Imaging studies demonstrated large bilateral pleural effusions, and he subsequently underwent an ultrasound-guided thoracentesis on the right hemithorax, yielding an exudative eosinophilic pleural effusion. An extensive hematology, gastroenterology, and infectious work-up was pursued. Strongyloides immunoglobulin G was positive, and he was successfully treated with ivermectin. Discussion. Eosinophilic pleural effusions related to strongyloidiasis are exceedingly rare. Clinicians should consider Strongyloides stercoralis infection as a part of the differential diagnosis when evaluating immunosuppressed patients with eosinophilic pleural effusions. Loculated abdominal fluid may also be a rare manifestation of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome.
Nodular cutaneous metastasis of the leg in advanced urothelial bladder carcinoma: a case report and systematic literature review
Authors: Paolo Izzo, Luciano Izzo, Silvia Lai, Giuliano D'Onghia, Paola Giancontieri, Raimondo Gabriele, Andrea Polistena, Simone Sibio, Maria Ludovica Costanzo, Claudia De Intinis, Sara Izzo
Journal: Front Oncol (2023)
Keywords: bladder, cancer, cutaneous, cutaneous metastasis, metastasis, systematic literature review, urothelial, urothelial bladder carcinoma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cutaneous metastases from urothelial carcinoma (UC) are very rare and indicate advanced disease with a poor prognosis. A 63-year-old female patient with a history of urothelial bladder carcinoma, treated 2 months prior with radical cystectomy and adjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) therapy, presented a skin lesion localized in the lower third of the right leg. Punch biopsy revealed carcinomatous metastasis whose urothelial origin was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. 18-FDG PET-CT showed the spread of metastases to the lung and left ischium. Our review focuses on the time between surgery and skin metastasis, localization, and prognosis after metastasis diagnosis. In many cases, skin metastases occur within one year of initial UC surgery and in most cases occur on the abdominal wall. Local wide excision of metastasis should be considered in selected cases; however, chemotherapy remains the main treatment.
New-Onset Illness Anxiety Disorder After Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Suhail A Labban, Leen Murshid, Amal Yousef Alhazmi, Ammar Y Bafarat, Nuha M Alharbi
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: h pylori, health anxiety, hypochondriasis, illness anxiety disorder, psychotherapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

In this study, we present a case of new-onset illness anxiety disorder (IAD) in a 21-year-old female patient after Heliobacter pylori infection. The patient experienced a distressing preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness with mild somatic symptoms for more than six months. IAD adversely affected our patient's life and made her engage in excessive care-seeking behaviors and maladaptive avoidance in some instances. In this case, we highlight the unique presentation of symptoms related to illness anxiety disorder and H. pylori infection. Furthermore, we discuss the possible psychosocial factors that are considered risk factors for developing IAD. We also discuss the pharmacological and psychological treatment options for patients with such a presentation.
Two Cases With Type 1 Diabetes Treated With Insulin Pump Therapy Using a Telemedicine Approach During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Haremaru Kubo, Kazuhiro Sugimoto
Journal: Cureus (2024)
Keywords: covid-19, insulin pump, intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring, telemedicine, type 1 diabetes
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune-related disease resulting in insulin dependency, treated with insulin injection via pen devices or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Face-to-face instruction for managing insulin injection and dosing and machine-to-device troubleshooting are required early to initiate CSII from insulin injections. Thus, T1D individuals may encounter significant barriers to pen devices or CSII introduction if they live in remote rural areas. In this regard, intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) can share visualized glucose profiles via a cloud-platform-based system, offering the potential as an effective tool in telemedicine. Herewith, we report two cases of subjects with T1D living in remote rural areas whose CSII was safely introduced in outpatient settings with the aid of cloud-platform-based isCGM and a video-meeting tool. They showed improved glucose profiles after CSII initiation. Even under the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the telemedicine system enabled healthcare providers to monitor glucose profiles and confirm device procedures of CSII. We emphasize the usefulness of online instruction with cloud-platform-based isCGM for introducing CSII in cases with barriers to healthcare access, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Masashi Nishimura, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Takunori Ogawa, Motohiro Tsuchiya, Yoshiki Kato, Akira Matsukida, Shunya Igarashi, Koki Ito, Yusuke Serizawa, Tomomi Tanigaki, Yuji Fujikura, Yuka Katsurada, Sho Ogata, Akihiko Kawana
Journal: Thorac Cancer (2024)
Keywords: igg4-related disease, immune-related adverse event, ipilimumab, nivolumab, retroperitoneal fibrosis
MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis / chemically induced, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis / diagnosis, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis / drug therapy, Case Reports, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Ipilimumab / adverse effects, Male, Nivolumab / adverse effects, Steroids / therapeutic use, Nivolumab, Ipilimumab, Immunoglobulin G, Steroids

IgG4-related diseases are adverse events that occur after receiving treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This study reports the first case of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis after the administration of chemotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab (NI therapy). An 80-year-old man developed lower abdominal pain eight months after NI therapy was initiated. Although the primary lesion maintained its reduced size on computed tomography, there was an increase in the soft tissue shadows intensity around the abdominal aorta, bladder, and seminal vesicles, suggesting retroperitoneal fibrosis. Blood tests showed elevated IgG4 levels. Computed tomography-guided biopsy of the retroperitoneum showed B cell-dominant lymphocyte infiltration consistent with IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis and characteristic CD8-positive lymphocyte infiltration, suggestive of the involvement of cytotoxic T cells. Based on the clinical, imaging, and pathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis due to ICI. Immunotherapy discontinuation alone did not result in improvement; therefore, steroid therapy was initiated. In clinical practice, IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis can occur as an immune-related adverse event when administering anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. Early steroid therapy could be effective in controlling this immune-related adverse event.
Widely targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the formation of nonvolatile flavor qualities during oolong tea manufacturing: a case study of Jinguanyin
Authors: Qingcai Hu, Yucheng Zheng, Yun Yang, Zi-Xin Ni, Bin Chen, Zongjie Wu, Huiqing Huang, Qingyang Wu, Zi-Wei Zhou, Shuilian Gao, Zhongxiong Lai, Hongzheng Lin, Yun Sun
Journal: Front Nutr (2023)
Keywords: jinguanyin, nonvolatile components, oolong tea, postharvest processing, tasting qualities, widely targeted metabolome

Background:
The manufacturing processes of oolong tea significantly impact its nonvolatile components, leading to the emergence of distinct flavor attributes. Understanding the dynamic changes in nonvolatile components during the manufacturing stages of the Jinguanyin (JGY) cultivar is crucial for unraveling the potential mechanism behind flavor formation.
Methods:
Comprehensive metabolomics and sensomics analyses were conducted to investigate the dynamic changes in nonvolatile components throughout various phases of oolong tea processing, focusing on the JGY cultivar.
Results:
A total of 1,005 nonvolatile metabolites were detected, with 562 recognized as significant differential metabolites during various phases of oolong tea processing. Notably, the third turning-over, third setting, and high-temperature treatments exhibited the most significant effects on the nonvolatile metabolites of oolong tea. JGY finished tea demonstrated a characteristic flavor profile, marked by mellowness, sweetness in aftertaste, and a significant Yin rhyme. This flavor profile was collectively promoted by the accumulation of amino acids and organic acids, the decrease in flavonols (3-O-glycosides) and sugar substances, the alteration of phenolic acids, and the stabilization of caffeine.
Conclusion:
This study contribute to the understanding of the formation of oolong tea flavor qualities. The dynamic changes observed in various types of nonvolatile compounds during oolong tea processing shed light on the intricate interplay of metabolites and their influence on the final flavor characteristics.
Migration of an intrauterine device to the posterior urethra with stone formation: a case report
Authors: Chuanfeng Liu, Yongqiang Xia, Qingtan Pang, Zichao Zhao, Jianfang Zhao
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2024)
Keywords: bladder stone, endoscopy, intrauterine device, migration, urethra
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Migration of an intrauterine device (IUD) to the posterior urethra with stone formation has not been previously reported in the literature. A 42-year-old female patient presented to the gynecology clinic with a complaint of "discovered vaginal mass for 2 years, with growth for 5 days." She was referred to urology on suspicion of IUD migration to the bladder. Physical examination revealed a hard mass palpable on the anterior vaginal wall. Laboratory tests showed normal blood counts, and urinalysis indicated a mild urinary tract infection. Ultrasound and pelvic X-ray indicated IUD migration to the bladder and bladder stones. Cystoscopy revealed that the IUD had migrated to the posterior urethra with stone formation. Holmium laser was used to fragment the stones encasing the IUD's one arm, and the IUD was successfully removed with grasping forceps. The patient had a urinary catheter placed for 10 days and was followed up for 20 days. During the follow-up, there were no lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) or vaginal leakage. To our knowledge, we report the first case of an IUD migrating through the vesicovaginal space to the posterior urethra. Endoscopic removal of the IUD is feasible and safe. Urologists and gynecologists should not limit their diagnosis to IUD migration to the bladder but should also consider the possibility of urethral migration.
Cognitive stimulation in socioeconomically disadvantaged children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a case series
Authors: Pablo Rodríguez-Prieto, Nathalia Alejandra Giral-Oliveros, Ian Craig Simpson, Joaquín A Ibáñez-Alfonso
Journal: Front Psychol (2024)
Keywords: child development, cognitive stimulation, neurodevelopmental disorders, neuropsychology, socioeconomic level, vulnerability

Introduction:
Research shows how conditions in socio-economically disadvantaged environments can be a risk factor for children's cognitive development. Consequently, children with neurodevelopmental disorders growing up in such environments face a double challenge. This study analyzed the effect of a comprehensive cognitive stimulation program on 4 single case studies comprising children with neurodevelopmental disorders from Guatemala.
Methodology:
A descriptive study was conducted, using a case series approach, consisting of four participants with neurodevelopmental disorders, and a neurotypical group of 126 children. Participants in the neurotypical group were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental reference group. Cognitive assessments were performed pre- and post-intervention for all participants. Children in the experimental group received a comprehensive cognitive stimulation program between assessments. Two participants with neurodevelopmental disorders also received the stimulation program while the other two children with neurodevelopmental disorders performed the same task as the control group, specifically, regular reading activities.
Results:
The experimental group exhibited a significant improvement in executive functions (inhibition, flexibility, and planning). The two experimental group children with neurodevelopmental disorders exhibited improved social cognition, showing a larger improvement compared to neurotypical children in their group, as well as compared to the two control children. However, although the reading program improved the language skills of the neurotypical control group, the children with neurodevelopmental disorders did not show as much improvement.
Conclusion:
These results suggest that specialized interventions are beneficial for children from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds, but importantly, may have a larger impact on children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
IRB challenges in multisite studies: A case report and commentary from the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA)
Authors: Darren McCausland, Margaret Haigh, Philip McCallion, Mary McCarron
Journal: HRB Open Res (2024)
Keywords: health research, institutional review board (irb), multi-site study, research ethics

A shift from single to multi-site health studies enabled a range of research benefits including faster recruitment of larger and more diverse samples; increased statistical power, greater rigour, generalisability, and external reliability; and increased likelihood of impacting policy and clinical practice. However, ethical review of multi-site studies by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) raises specific challenges compared with single site studies, with requirements to apply to multiple local IRBs increasing the burden on research, possibly endangering the integrity of the research process or inhibiting development of multi-site studies. The option of a single centralised IRB may offer a clearer, more consistent and efficient review process. This study presents a case report and commentary from 15 years engaging with IRBs in multiple sites in Ireland by the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA). It examines the ethics review process for IDS-TILDA through its first four waves. While the majority of 48 IRBs granted ethical approval within 13 weeks, six IRBs took 21-47 weeks to approve, leading to delays in data collection of up to 11 months. Despite additional review time, no changes were required to the study protocol. Therefore, a critical impact of the process was the delay in starting data collection within a small number of organisations, and reduced involvement in the study for one organisation. The ethical review process with multiple IRBs increased the degree of complexity of the process, with added bureaucracy and far greater communication required across 48 IRBs, substantially adding to the resource commitment for the review process. The relatively quick approval from the majority of IRBs was partially a result of the longitudinal study building relationships with organisations throughout multiple waves. That other health studies may not accrue this benefit supports calls for a single IRB system for multi-site health studies.