OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Detection of the MYD88 p.L265P Mutation in the CSF of a Patient With Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Soheil Zorofchian, Guangrong Lu, Jay-Jiguang Zhu, Dzifa Y Duose, Justin Windham, Yoshua Esquenazi, Leomar Y Ballester
Journal: Front Oncol (2018)
Keywords: csf, myd88, central nervous system lymphoma, cerebrospinal fluid, digital droplet pcr, liquid biopsy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) and Metastatic (or Secondary) Central Nervous System Lymphoma (MCNSL) are rare central nervous system (CNS) malignancies that exhibit aggressive clinical behavior and have a poor prognosis. The majority of CNS lymphomas are histologically classified as diffuse large-B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). DLBCL harbors a high frequency of mutations in MYD88 and CD79b. The MYD88 p.L265P mutation occurs at high frequency in CNS lymphoma and is extremely rare in non-hematologic malignancies. Currently, brain biopsy is considered the gold standard for CNS lymphoma diagnosis. However, brain biopsy is invasive, carries a risk of complications, and can delay initiation of systemic therapy. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be utilized to detect tumor-derived mutations. Testing of CSF-ctDNA is a minimally-invasive methodology that can be used to assess the genomic alterations present in CNS malignancies. We present a case of an 82-year-old man with a history of testicular lymphoma who presented with speech difficulty and a multifocal enhancing left inferior frontal mass. Analysis for both CSF-cytology and flow cytometry did not show evidence of neoplastic cells. A brain biopsy was performed and microscopic examination showed DLBCL. We isolated CSF-ctDNA and used droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to detect the most common lymphoma-associated mutations in MYD88, L265P, and V217F. In conjunction, we evaluated the patient-matched CNS lymphoma tissue for MYD88 mutations. We detected the MYD88 p.L265P mutation in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue from the brain biopsy and the CSF-ctDNA. In contrast, both the tumor tissue and the CSF ctDNA were negative for the MYD88 p.V217F mutation. This study shows that testing CSF ctDNA for MYD88 mutations is a potentially minimally-invasive approach to diagnosing patients with suspected CNS lymphomas.
Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome (MMIHS): Series of 4 Cases Caused by Mutation of ACTG2 (Actin Gamma 2, Smooth Muscle) Gene
Authors: Katarzyna Ignasiak-Budzyńska, Mikołaj Danko, Janusz Książyk
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

MMIHS, also known as Berdon's syndrome, is a rare disease that belongs to primary causes of CIPOS (chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction syndrome). Clinical characteristics of MMIHS are differential, but we come across the following classic symptoms: disorders of intestinal peristalsis, microcolon, and megacystis. In this article, we present a series of 4 patients with Berdon's syndrome, in whom we managed to identify the genetic causes of MMIHS. All infants showed clinical features of bowel obstruction and dysfunction of the urinary system after birth. Two of them also manifested disorders from other systems. The prognosis for these patients is poor, but a constant betterment of management in MMIHS, in which the leading role plays TPN (total parental nutrition), causes improvement of patients' survival.
Deep Vein Thrombosis after Lithium Toxicity: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Rintaro Sogawa, Shuko Tobita, Akira Monji, Toru Murakawa-Hirachi, Yoshito Mizoguchi, Yuichiro Sakamoto, Hiroyuki Irie, Chisato Shimanoe
Journal: Case Rep Psychiatry (2021)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Lithium administration can reportedly cause toxicity, including lithium-associated thrombosis; however, not all reported cases of this adverse effect have been attributable to lithium overdoses. We report here two cases of deep vein thrombosis that occurred in association with lithium toxicity. Lithium overdose was deemed to be the cause in only one of these cases; a patient in whom deep vein thrombosis occurred 11 days after identification of lithium toxicity. In the other patient, the deep vein thrombosis occurred 15 days after diagnosis of lithium toxicity; this patient was not considered to have been overdosed. Both patients had other risk factors in addition to receiving lithium. We recommend monitoring D-dimer concentrations to facilitate early detection of deep vein thrombosis in patients with lithium toxicity.
Failed TAVI in TAVI Implantation: TAVI Dislocation Followed by Ensuing Surgical Graft Resection
Authors: Róbert Novotný, Jaroslav Hlubocký, Tomáš Kovárník, Petr Mitáš, Zuzana Hlubocka, Jan Rulíšek, Sevim Ismihan Gulmez, Shubjiwan Kaur Ghotra, Jaroslav Lindner
Journal: Case Rep Cardiol (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We are presenting a case report of failed valve-in-valve treatment of severe aortic stenosis. A control ultrasonography after TAVI implantation revealed a severe aortic regurgitation of the graft which was subsequently unresolved with postimplantation dilatation. Second TAVI was implanted with cranial dislocation to the aortic root. Patient underwent a CT examination to clarify the TAVI in TAVI position. Patient underwent a surgical resection of TAVI with implantation of biological aortic valve prosthesis. In situations where TAVI treatment fails or is complicated beyond the possibility of endovascular repair, surgical intervention despite its higher risks is the preferred choice.
Computational Modeling of Stereotype Content in Text
Authors: Kathleen C Fraser, Svetlana Kiritchenko, Isar Nejadgholi
Journal: Front Artif Intell (2022)
Keywords: biased language, computational model, computational social science, natural language processing, sentence embeddings, social media analysis, stereotypes, text analysis

Stereotypes are encountered every day, in interpersonal communication as well as in entertainment, news stories, and on social media. In this study, we present a computational method to mine large, naturally occurring datasets of text for sentences that express perceptions of a social group of interest, and then map these sentences to the two-dimensional plane of perceived warmth and competence for comparison and interpretation. This framework is grounded in established social psychological theory, and validated against both expert annotation and crowd-sourced stereotype data. Additionally, we present two case studies of how the model might be used to answer questions using data "in-the-wild," by collecting Twitter data about women and older adults. Using the data about women, we are able to observe how sub-categories of women (e.g., Black women and white women) are described similarly and differently from each other, and from the superordinate group of women in general. Using the data about older adults, we show evidence that the terms people use to label a group (e.g., old people vs. senior citizens) are associated with different stereotype content. We propose that this model can be used by other researchers to explore questions of how stereotypes are expressed in various large text corpora.
Twin Circumflex Arteries: A Rare Coronary Artery Anomaly
Authors: Kahraman Coşansu, Mustafa Tarık Ağaç, Harun Kılıç, Ramazan Akdemir, Hüseyin Gündüz
Journal: J Tehran Heart Cent (2018)
Keywords: coronary angiography, coronary vessel anomalies, coronary vessels
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A circumflex artery originating from an ostium apart from the left main artery is one of the most common coronary artery anomalies. However, a dual origin of the circumflex artery is an extremely rare anomaly. We describe a 55-year-old male patient admitted to our clinic with the diagnosis of unstable angina. Angiography revealed twin circumflex arteries: one from the left main artery and the other from the proximal right coronary artery and a stenotic left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). The patient was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention on the LAD lesion. His overall condition was good at 2 weeks' follow-up.
Dual Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for a Severe Asthma Patient
Authors: Christian Domingo, Xavier Pomares, Anisi Morón, Ana Sogo
Journal: Front Pharmacol (2020)
Keywords: t2 immune responses, th2 (type-2) immune responses, combined therapy, mepolizumab, omalizumab, severe asthma
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Omalizumab, the first biological treatment for severe allergic bronchial asthma, has been on the market for more than a decade. Omalizumab was initially considered to be an IgE-blocking agent, and therefore, an inhibitor of the Th2 (allergic or adaptive) cascade. More recently, other monoclonal antibodies for severe eosinophilic asthma have become available, which exert an anti-eosinophilic effect basically by blocking IL5 or its receptor. These agents exert this effect regardless of the origin of the eosinophils (i.e., the adaptive or the innate immune system).
Case study:
An oral corticosteroid-dependent allergic asthma patient was treated with omalizumab. After a year of treatment, the improvement remained very limited and the medical team proposed discontinuation. However, the patient felt that her asthma had improved and she refused to give up the therapy, which continued for ten years. The mean accumulated oral corticosteroid dose per month during the last year was around 200 mg; despite this, the FEV1 was low, Since the patient had a high number of eosinophils in peripheral blood, she accepted a switch to mepolizumab when this agent became available. One year later, the clinical improvement was limited and severe symptoms of allergy reappeared, and a combination of monoclonal antiobodies (omalizumab and mepolizumab) was proposed.
Results:
After 24 months of dual therapy, a marked improvement in the FEV1 was observed, reaching the normal range, and the OC dose was reduced to 2.5 mg per day of prednisolone. No side effects were observed.
Conclusions:
In some severe allergic asthma patients with persistently high eosinophil counts in peripheral blood and who are considered non- or mild responders to anti-IgE and anti-IL5 administered individually, a combination of the two antibodies covering the entire T2 spectrum may be effective.
Development of ARDS after Excessive Kath Consumption: A Case Report
Authors: Marlene Wewalka, Andreas Drolz, Katharina Staufer, Thomas M Scherzer, Valentin Fuhrmann, Christian Zauner
Journal: Case Rep Crit Care (2011)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Khat is a drug widely used in the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Khat leaves contain, among other substances, the psychoactive alkaloid cathinone, which induce central nervous system stimulation leading to euphoria, hyperactivity, restlessness, and insomnia. However, it also could cause psychological adverse effects such as lethargy, sleepiness, psychoses, and depression necessitating pharmacologic treatment. Here we report the case of a 35-year-old man from Somalia who became unconscious and developed aspiration pneumonia and subsequent ARDS after excessive consumption of khat leaves. His unconsciousness was possibly caused by the sleepiness developed after khat consumption and a benzodiazepine intake by the patient himself. Thus, khat-induced adverse effects should not primarily be treated pharmacologically, but patients should be urged to quit khat consumption in order to eliminate or, at least, reduce the severity of present psychological adverse effects.
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Eigo Ikushima, Manabu Hisahara, Takuya Nishijima, Hikaru Uchiyama, Tatsushi Onzuka, Yoshie Ochiai, Tsuyoshi Muta, Shigehiko Tokunaga
Journal: Case Rep Hematol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)-related disease that manifests as a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI) and is caused by uncontrolled activation of the complement system. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with acute type A aortic dissection that subsequently developed into aHUS. The hematologic disorders underlying aHUS improved after treatment with the complement inhibitor eculizumab. It is important to consider aHUS when a patient clinically develops a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and an increasing creatinine level following cardiovascular surgery.
Giant hepatic hydatid cyst with sub-fascial extension treated by open minimally invasive surgery: a case report
Authors: Dipesh D Duttaroy, Samir Kacheriwala, Bithika Duttaroy, Jitendra Jagtap, Gunjan Patel, Nikhil Modi
Journal: J Med Case Rep (2008)

Introduction:
Hepatic hydatid disease can be successfully treated by a variety of modalities.
Case presentation:
We report a case of a 60 year old male with giant hepatic hydatid disease who presented with a huge cystic mass in the upper abdomen. Diagnosis was confirmed by serology, ultrasonography and CT scan. The patient was treated successfully by open minimally invasive surgery with minimum breaching of the peritoneal cavity using a laparoscopic trocar to evacuate the cyst.
Conclusion:
The use of a laparoscopic trocar through a small abdominal incision in selected patients with hepatic hydatid disease with subfascial extension can be a safe, minimally-invasive option of treatment.
Calcific tendonitis of the rotator cuff: an unusual case
Authors: Yasuhiro Mitsui, Masafumi Gotoh, Ryo Tanesue, Isao Shirachi, Hideaki Shibata, Kenjiro Nakama, Takahiro Okawa, Fujio Higuchi, Kensei Nagata
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Few case reports have described the surgical treatment of calcifying tendonitis of the subscapularis tendon. We present a case of symptomatic diffuse calcifying tendonitis involving the subscapularis and infraspinatus insertions that was difficult to detect arthroscopically. The patient was treated with arthroscopic incision of the tendinous insertions thorough removal of the calcific deposits and subsequent repair using a suture-anchor technique. Two years after the surgical procedure, the patient was completely pain-free and attained full range of motion. Radiographic evaluation performed 2 years after the procedure revealed no calcific deposits. We conclude that the combination of incision of the subscapularis and infraspinatus insertions, complete removal of the calcific deposits, and subsequent suture-anchor repair in an all-arthroscopic manner can lead to an excellent clinical outcome without compromising the functional integrity of the rotator cuff tendons.
An Unexpected Hepatic Hydrothorax After a Successful Kasai Portoenterostomy: A Case Report
Authors: Giulia Ranucci, Fabiola Di Dato, Daniela Liccardo, Marco Spada, Giuseppe Maggiore, Raffaele Iorio
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: ascites, biliary atresia, liver cirrhosis, liver transplant, portal hypertension
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Hepatic hydrothorax (HH) represents a rare complication of portal hypertension among adult cirrhotic patients. Here, we describe a pediatric case of HH, observed in a biliary atresia infant. The child presented with recurrent right-sided pleural effusion, after a successful Kasai portoenterostomy with restoration of bile flow and without overt signs of hepatic failure. Recurrence of HH led the patient to liver transplant despite a low pediatric end-stage liver disease value. Although rare, HH can also occur in children and should be suspected in patients with portal hypertension and respiratory distress. HH may be an indication for liver transplantation.
Efficacy of Cyproheptadine Monotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis: A Case Report
Authors: Yu-Min Feng, Tsung-Hsien Chen, Dara Berman, Chu-Kuang Chou, Kai-Sheng Liao, Ming-Chih Hsieh, Chi-Yi Chen
Journal: Front Oncol (2021)
Keywords: alpha fetal protein, case report, cyproheptadine, hepatocellular carcinoma, monotherapy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Particularly, cases of bone metastasis have poorer prognoses.
Case presentation:
A 62-year-old woman with suspected advanced HCC accompanied by bone metastasis with severe back pain and sciatica showed disease remission after cyproheptadine monotherapy. Initially, her serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level was high, reaching up to 17697.62 ng/ml. A dose of 4 mg cyproheptadine, 3 times a day for 17 months was prescribed as the only treatment. Within 3 months, the serum AFP level gradually normalized down to 4.3 ng/ml. Both liver biopsy and bone biopsies were subsequently performed after 2 weeks of cyproheptadine. The results showed no malignancy. During the 34 months of follow-ups, the serum AFP remained normal in the range of 1.05 to 2.86 ng/ml. The patient has survived for 5 years without back pain and sciatica thus far.
Conclusions:
This is the first report to investigate a successful clinical approach in cyproheptadine monotherapy for an advanced HCC patient with bone metastasis. We recommend cyproheptadine as a potential anti-HCC agent for the treatment of HCC with bone metastasis, but more related studies such as prospectively clinical trials, and ideally randomized trials are still needed.
Transient Postoperative Hemorrhage from Elbow Arthroscopy Portals following Intra-Articular Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Injection
Authors: Lindsay A Parker, Brandan Wustefeld-Janssens, James M Dundas
Journal: Case Rep Vet Med (2022)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Four adult, client owned dogs with diagnosed bilateral elbow dysplasia undergoing elbow arthroscopy for removal of fragmented medial coronoid process were identified via a retrospective database search, who also received intra-articular administration of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) (Cartrophen Vet, Biopharm Australia Pty Ltd., Bondi Junction, New South Wales). Dogs had postoperative administration of 5 ml PPS injected into each elbow joint following elbow arthroscopy. Within 1-3 hours of administration, each dog experienced hemorrhage from arthroscopy incisions that was determined to be independent of surgical trauma given lack of hemorrhage intraoperatively. Pressure bandages were placed, and the hemorrhage and elevated coagulation parameters resolved 12-18 hours following intra-articular injection. No further intervention was required, and the dogs were discharged 20-26 hours postoperatively. The purpose of this case series is to describe 4 dogs who experienced transient and focal hemorrhage following off-label intra-articular administration of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS). While this case series is limited due to small number of cases, results following bilateral, intra-articular injection of PPS support a transient systemic coagulopathy. Though this report represents administration of PSS via a route and at doses beyond that recommended on the label, results suggest that administration of PSS in the manner described in this report should be avoided.
Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Crown on Primary Molars: An Innovative Case Report
Authors: Petros Mourouzis, Aristidis Arhakis, Kosmas Tolidis
Journal: Int J Clin Pediatr Dent (2019)
Keywords: cad/cam, hybrid ceramic crown, primary molars
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Aim:
Crowns are applicable on primary teeth with extensive caries, cervical decalcification, developmental defects, interproximal caries extending beyond line angles, and following pulpotomy or pulpectomy.
Background:
Until now, prefabricated crowns, i.e., stainless-steel crowns (SSCs), pre-veneered SSC, and all ceramic/porcelain/zirconia crowns have been available in a range of sizes to match the first and the second primary molar teeth.
Case description:
This case report illustrates a clinical use of computer-aided design and manufacturing technology (CAD/CAM) for the fabrication of a crown for a decayed primary molar using a study model as a reference. The material used was a hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM block.
Conclusion:
This approach has the advantage of the customization of the abutment tooth in contrast to the previously mentioned prefabricated options.
How to cite this article:
Mourouzis P, Arhakis A, et al. Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing Crown on Primary Molars: An Innovative Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(1):76-79.
Use of point-of-care ultrasound to diagnose spontaneous rupture of fibroid in pregnancy
Authors: Stephen Lammers, Christopher Hong, Jared Tepper, Christy Moore, Cameron Baston, Cara D Dolin
Journal: POCUS J (2021)
Keywords: fast exam, pocus, fibroid, hemoperitoneum, pregnancy
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: Complications of fibroids in pregnancy are well known, including postpartum hemorrhage, labor dystocia, and cesarean delivery. Outside of pregnancy and labor, the rare occurrence of spontaneous fibroid rupture has been documented. Case: The current case report involves a woman who presented with acute abdominal pain in the third trimester of pregnancy and was found to have spontaneous rupture of a fibroid before the onset of labor. Her initial presentation, diagnosis through use of point-of-care ultrasound, acute surgical management, and postoperative course are described. Conclusion: When assessing acute abdominal pain in a pregnant patient, fibroid rupture should be considered despite the absence of prior uterine surgery. Bedside point-of-care ultrasonography is a useful tool for assessment of abdominal pain in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Chylous Ascites Pointing Toward an Internal Hernia in the Setting of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Case Report
Authors: Haider Sami, Hassan Raza, Beenish Fatima Zia, Ahmer Ashraf, Ammar Khawar
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: chylous ascites, internal hernia, laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass, mesenteric internal hernia, roux-en y
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Chylous ascites is a rare but significant complication of a variety of surgical procedures. It is an uncommon complication of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRGYB). The underlying etiology is assumed to be an internal hernia, in which the hernia causes lymphatic channel engorgement and lymphatic extravasation. We present the case of a 34-year-old male who had a history of LRGYB a year back and had been experiencing gradually worsening, colicky abdominal pain radiating to the right flank for the last 24 hours. Laparoscopic exploration revealed chylous ascites due to internal herniation owing to the complication of LRYGB. Classic signs of internal hernias such as mesenteric swirl were absent on the computed tomography scan of the abdomen.
Case Report: Mycotic common carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in a child. A case report
Authors: Ben Mrad Imtinene, Rim Miri, Ben Mrad Melek, Wafa Aloui, Sobhi Mleyhi, Neila Ben Aba, Zairi Ihsen, Tawfik Kalfat, Raouf Denguir
Journal: F1000Res (2021)
Keywords: mycotic, aneurysm, carotid, children
MeSH terms: Aneurysm, False / surgery, Aneurysm, Infected / surgery, Carotid Artery Diseases / surgery, Case Reports, Carotid Arteries / surgery, Carotid Artery, Common, Child, Humans, Male

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms in children are extremely rare, nevertheless associated with a great potential of thromboembolic episodes and rupture especially those with mycotic origin. The surgical treatment is very challenging, and there is still a controversy concerning revascularisation after the resection of the aneurysm. In this manuscript, we report the observation of an 8-year-old boy with the medical history of Leukemia who is admitted urgently for a mycotic right common carotid artery aneurysm, occurring after a chemoport infection who was operated on in our cardiovascular surgery department with surgical resection and ligation. It is the second report in the pediatric literature of a mycotic pseudoaneurysm situated in the common carotid artery, but the first documented by medical imagery. Through this case, we highlight that ligation of the infected carotid artery can be a safe and efficient alternative especially in Children.