OpenMed/multicare-articles huggingface dataset:
Clinical presentations, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of renal mucormycosis: An overview of case reports
Authors: Mojtaba Didehdar, Zahra Chegini, Amin Khoshbayan, Alireza Moradabadi, Aref Shariati
Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) (2022)
Keywords: covid-19, invasive fungal, kidneys, mucormycosis, renal
MeSH terms: Systematic Review

Background:
Renal mucormycosis (RM) is a rare presentation of invasive mucormycosis with a high mortality rate. There is no single systematic review of the literature that indicates the different clinical aspects of RM.
Methods:
A systematic search of PubMed/Medline was performed to collect individual case reports of RM in patients of all ages published between 2010 and April 2022.
Results:
Seventy-one individual cases were detected through PubMed bibliographic database searches, with a final assessment performed on 60 patients with RM. India and Asia had the largest number of reported cases, with 30 (50%) and 42 (70%) reports, respectively. Also, 74 and 26% of the patients with a mean age of 33 years were male and female, respectively. RM showed 44% mortality rate in the analyzed cases. Immunosuppressive agent therapy followed by tissue transplantation (kidney and liver) and diabetes were the most remarkable risk factors in patients. Nevertheless, 22% of the patients were immunocompetent with no apparent underlying condition. COVID-19 positivity was detected in eight adult patients with an 87% mortality rate. The most common signs of infection were fever, flank pain, and oliguria; additionally, isolated RM was reported in 57% of the cases. In 55% of the patients, histopathologic examination alone was sufficient to diagnose RM, whereas molecular methods and culture were used in only 18 and 35% of patients, respectively. Surgery alone, surgery plus anti-infection therapy, and anti-infection therapy alone were used in 12, 60, and 13% of patients, respectively. Furthermore, 15% of the patients died before any treatment.
Conclusion:
The early diagnosis of RM is necessary. In this regard, the use of molecular-based diagnostic assays can help identify the fungus at the genus and species levels and use an appropriate treatment in the shortest possible amount of time. Because of the increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years, determining microbial susceptibility tests can lead to the better infection management. Additionally, withdrawal of immunosuppressant, appropriate surgical intervention, and antifungal therapy are the main factors associated with a successful outcome in RM.
Case Report: Acute Eosinophilic Myocarditis With a Low-Flow Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Phenotype
Authors: Hiroto Aota, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Jun Isogai, Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida, Michiaki Hiroe, Takahiro Tanaka
Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med (2021)
Keywords: aem, ct-guided emb, hfpef phenotype, corticosteorids, heart failure
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare subtype of myocarditis characterized by myocardial eosinophilic infiltration, and it is potentially fatal if left untreated. Although endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a cornerstone for the histological diagnosis of acute eosinophilic myocarditis (AEM), as it is an invasive procedure and has a low diagnostic accuracy, the diagnosis of AEM with hemodynamic instability remains challenging. We describe a case of AEM presenting as low-flow heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), with rapid progression to cardiogenic shock. The constellation of peripheral eosinophilia, increased left ventricular wall thickness, and HFpEF raised the suspicion of AEM. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed heterogeneous hypoenhancement localized in the basal-to-mid septal and mid anterolateral walls of the left ventricle, strongly suggestive of acute inflammation. Based upon these findings, we performed CT-guided EMB, which lead to a definitive diagnosis. Subsequent high-dose corticosteroids allowed a rapid and dramatic recovery and normalization of cardiac structure and function. This case highlights the clinical importance of assessing AEM as a rare cause of HFpEF and the usefulness of CT-guided EMB in patients with hemodynamic instability.
A Rare Case of a Congenital Nasopharyngeal Ganglioglioma With Dyspnea in a 1-Month-Old Male Infant: A Case Report
Authors: He Zhao, Zhiwei Cao, Zhaowei Gu
Journal: Front Pediatr (2021)
Keywords: endoscopic resection, ganglioglioma, infant, nasopharyngeal, respiratory distress
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background: A ganglioglioma (GG), a tumor with both neuronal and astrocytic components, rarely occurs outside the central nervous system. Case Summary: We present the first reported case of a 1-month-old male with a congenital nasopharyngeal GG, nasal congestion, and dyspnea; we include the operative video. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to explore whether the tumor communicated with the intracranial space. We used an endoscopic plasma technique to ensure complete tumor resection. This afforded a good visual field, endoscopic magnification, and good hemostasis. Conclusions: We report a rare case of a nasopharyngeal GG triggering nasal congestion and dyspnea in a 1-month-old male, and report our experience with the treatment of nasopharyngeal GG and similar diseases.
Gastric Anisakiasis Masquerading as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Kevin Groudan, Tiago Martins, Ira J Schmelkin
Journal: Case Rep Gastrointest Med (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Anisakiasis of the gastrointestinal tract is caused by the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood infected with Anisakis larvae. Penetration of Anisakis larvae into the gastrointestinal mucosa leads to severe epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting, usually within hours of ingestion of the parasite. Suspicion for gastrointestinal Anisakiasis should be raised in patients with a compatible dietary history. Definitive diagnosis can be made by direct visualization of larvae via endoscopic examination. Although symptoms are self-limiting, the removal of larvae by gastroscopy can hasten relief of symptoms. There are a large number of cases of gastric anisakiasis reported from Japan, Korea, and Western Europe, where it is customary to consume raw fish. Cases reported from the United States are less common, and given the nonspecific symptoms of anisakiasis, the diagnosis can be missed. We report a patient who presented with gastroesophageal reflux disease like symptoms that started after ingesting raw fish. He was found by esophagogastroduodenoscopy to have white, filiform worms penetrating into the wall of his stomach, consistent with a diagnosis of gastric anisakiasis.
Vaginal evisceration: an unexpected complication of conization
Authors: Ali Ghassani, Benoit Andre, Caroline Simon-Toulza, Yann Tanguy le Gac, Alejandra Martinez, Fabien Vidal
Journal: Case Rep Obstet Gynecol (2014)

Background. Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is routinely performed for the management of high grade intracervical neoplasia (CIN). Several uncommon complications have been described, including postoperative peritonitis, pseudoaneurysm of uterine artery, and bowel fistula. We report a unique case of postoperative vaginal evisceration and the subsequent management. Case. A 73-years-old woman underwent LLETZ for high grade CIN. On postoperative day 3, she was admitted for small bowel evisceration through the vagina. Surgical management was based on combined laparoscopic and transvaginal approach and consisted in bowel inspection and reinstatement, peritoneal washing, and dehiscence repair. Conclusions. Vaginal evisceration is a rare but potentially serious complication of pelvic surgery. This case report is to make clinicians aware of such complication following LLETZ and its management.
Postchikungunya Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatism
Authors: Keith A Sacco, Razvan M Chirila
Journal: Case Rep Rheumatol (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

A 65-year-old male resident of Guatemala presented with a 5-month history of distal symmetric arthritis and generalized fatigue. This was associated with night sweats, chills, and weight loss. Symptoms were refractory to oral prednisone and hydroxychloroquine.
Posteromedial Submeniscal Arthrotomy and Fixation with a Posteromedial Rim Plate in a Comminuted Medial Tibial Plateau Fracture
Authors: Nicolás Franulic, Tomás Pineda, José Laso, Diego Valiente, Nicolás Gaggero
Journal: Case Rep Orthop (2023)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Medial tibial plateau fractures generally present as simple metaphyseal fractures; however, certain cases may present as comminuted articular fractures. Medial and posteromedial anatomical plates have traditionally been used for their management; nevertheless, not all cases can be successfully managed using these implants. We present a comminuted posteromedial Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fracture case. Direct visualization and subsequent fixation using a posteromedial rim plate were achieved through a posteromedial approach and submeniscal arthrotomy. The adequate joint reduction and the obtained stability allowed satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes. This variation of the classic posteromedial approach and the use of a posteromedial rim plate provide an alternative when facing comminuted medial tibial plateau fractures.
Acute Kidney Injury Caused by Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
Authors: Nur Ezzaty Mohammad Kazmin, Lydia Kamaruzaman, Zhiqin Wong, Voon Ken Fong, Rozita Mohd, Ruslinda Mustafar
Journal: Case Rep Nephrol (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Background:
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction leading to acute kidney injury (AKI).
Methods:
We report a case of 23-year-old army personnel who presented with persistent vomiting leading to severe hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, and acute kidney injury resulting in cardiorespiratory arrest.
Results:
After successful resuscitation, he was supported with haemodialysis and aggressive electrolytes correction. He was repeatedly not able to tolerate nasogastric (NG) tube feeding and computerised tomography of abdomen was performed, and the diagnosis of SMA syndrome was made. Gastroscopy examination revealed duodenal ulcer at D1, pinhole D1-D2 junction, but there was no evidence of intraluminal mass or lesions leading to upper gastrointestinal obstruction. A nasojejunal tube was inserted to bypass the narrow segment of the duodenum, and he was put on nutritional support. He was subsequently weaned off dialysis support as his renal function gradually improved and later on normalised. He remains symptoms free, and he gained five kilograms in four months after discharge.
Conclusions:
SMA syndrome is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction but should be considered as a differential diagnosis in a patient who presented with recurrent vomiting and AKI with metabolic alkalosis.
Stewart-Treves Syndrome Involving Chronic Lymphedema after Mastectomy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Smain Nabil Mesli, Amin Khayreddine Ghouali, Fouad Benamara, Fouzi Ahmed Taleb, Hicham Tahraoui, Chakib Abi-Ayad
Journal: Case Rep Surg (2017)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Steward-Treves syndrome is a cutaneous angiosarcoma that usually appears after long evolution of a lymphoedema after mastectomy for mammary neoplasia associated with an axillary dissection. This is a rare disease develop most of the time in upper arm and often confounded with cutaneous metastasis. Only the biopsy and immunohistochemical study confirm the diagnosis. The treatment is surgical and consists of large cutaneous excision, an amputation of the limb or even its disarticulation and will be followed by chemotherapy. Despite the treatment, the prognosis remains severe with poor survival. We report the case of a patient who had a Steward-Treves syndrome 20 years after lymphoedema following a left mastectomy with axillary dissection.
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the retroperitoneal giant type treated with Toripalimab: A case report
Authors: Yuqing Bu, Lili Peng, Miaomiao Liu, Liya He, Fayan Wang, Bingjie Li, Xueliang Niu, Hongzhen Zhang
Journal: Front Immunol (2023)
Keywords: pd-1 inhibitor, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, immunotherapy, retroperitoneal tumor, toripalimab
MeSH terms: Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid / diagnosis, Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid / drug therapy, Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid / pathology, Case Reports, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Aged, Biopsy, Needle, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Male, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, toripalimab

Epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas (EHEs), low-grade malignant tumors of vascular endothelial cell origin, are characterized by vascular endothelial proliferation. In 2002, the World Health Organization classified EHEs as locally aggressive tumors with the potential to metastasize. Currently, the diagnosis of EHE is based on pathology, histological and immunohistochemical examinations. There are no standard treatment guidelines. We here report a 69-year-old man who presented with left-sided chest and abdominal pain for more than 2 months. Enhanced computed tomography of the thorax and abdomen in another hospital suggested a mass in the left adrenal region that was considered malignant. Positron emission tomography- computed tomography in our hospital suggested a large multi-loculated, hypermetabolic, cystic mass in the left adrenal region that was considered malignant. Accordingly, a puncture biopsy of the mass was performed and the diagnosis of EHE confirmed by pathological examination, including immunohistochemical staining. This patient was treated with the programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor toripalimab with long-term success. The best response was stable disease (SD) with a progression-free survival (PFS) of more than 13 months. The patient is still alive now. Because the sample size of previous studies was small, further studies are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of toripalimab in the treatment of EHE.
Cyphellophora sp. Isolated from a Corneal Ulcer in the Human Eye
Authors: Satheitra Rajandran, Kursiah Mohd Razali, Mushawiahti Mustapha, Prem Ananth Palaniappan, Fairuz Amran
Journal: Case Rep Ophthalmol Med (2020)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Cyphellophora is a black yeast-like fungus with most of the strains being isolated from soil and plants. It tends to cause sooty blotch and flyspeck disease in plants. In humans, it is known to cause superficial skin and nail infections. This report highlights the case of a patient who initially presented with a small corneal abrasion which rapidly progressed into a corneal ulcer after the patient did not respond to the initial conventional treatment. The laboratory results from the corneal scraping found it to be Cyphellophora sp.
Pineal parenchymal tumour of intermediate differentiation: a rare differential diagnosis of pineal region tumours
Authors: Daniel J Yoon, James Park, Lhara M Lezama, Gordon D Heller
Journal: BJR Case Rep (2016)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Pineal parenchymal tumours of intermediate differentiation are a rare type of pineal parenchymal tumours. As indicated by their name, these tumours fall between pineoblastoma (a malignant pineal parenchymal tumour) and pineocytoma (a benign pineal parenchymal tumour). In this article, we present a case of pineal parenchymal tumour of intermediate differentiation that was successfully treated by resection via the supracerebellar approach. We also discuss the differential consideration based on epidemiological, pathological and radiological findings.
Successful treatment with clonazepam and pramipexole of a patient with sleep-related eating disorder associated with restless legs syndrome: a case report
Authors: Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Ryohei Yoshimura, Masahiro Takano
Journal: Case Rep Med (2012)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Sleep-related eating disorder (SRED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of involuntary eating during sleep period and is often associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS). Although pharmacotherapy is recommended for SRED patients, no drug have shown promising effects so far. The patient, a 48-year-old Japanese housewife, first visited our clinic and complained about nighttime eating. She had a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea syndrome, and depression. Insomnia appeared 10 years before the first visit and she often received hypnosedatives; at the same time, she developed nocturnal eating episodes. She had amnesia for these episodes, and she felt urge to move her legs while sleeping. The patient was diagnosed with SRED and RLS. Reduction in the doses of triazolam decreased her nighttime eating frequency, and her complete amnesia changed to vague recall of eating during night. Clonazepam 1.0 mg at bedtime decreased nocturnal eating frequency from 1 to 2 times per month, though sleepwalking remained. Administration of pramipexole 0.125 mg relieved all symptoms including SRED, RLS, and sleepwalking. This is the first paper to report that the combination of clonazepam and pramipexole therapy-reduced SRED episodes and RLS symptoms.
A Rare Phenomenon of Isaacs Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Arsh N Patel, Parth K Patel, Jaydip Desai, Srivikram Margam S, Katie Oakley, P J Reddy
Journal: Cureus (2023)
Keywords: acquired neuromyotonia, anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1, auto immune, autoimmune myopathy, caspr2, isaacs syndrome, morvans syndrome, myopathy, sudorrhea, voltage gated potassium channel antibody
MeSH terms: Case Reports

We illustrate the case of a 71-year-old male who initially presented with sudden onset muscle weakness and ambulation difficulty. Following medication discontinuation and additional clinical studies, he failed to improve and was admitted to the hospital 11 weeks later. He had an associated 20-pound weight loss, sudorrhea, and muscle stiffness only when weight-bearing. A complete connective tissue cascade and a paraneoplastic panel were obtained. Clinical diagnosis of acquired neuromyotonia, or Isaacs syndrome (IS), was made, and he began experiencing significant improvement after intravenous steroid infusion. IS is a rare disease that has been poorly documented in the literature. There have only been a limited number of cases which are globally documented. One of the difficulties is a lack of definite autoantibody with which to correlate the disease; however, there has been some correlation linking the disease to voltage-gated potassium channels. Ultimately, the diagnosis should be driven by history and clinical presentation. The aim of this case report is to highlight a rare disease process and increase awareness among clinicians. We also describe the associated evaluation and recommended treatment for an optimal patient outcome.
Case Report: BAP1 Mutation and RAD21 Amplification as Predictive Biomarkers to PARP Inhibitor in Metastatic Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Francesco Sabbatino, Luigi Liguori, Umberto Malapelle, Francesca Schiavi, Vincenzo Tortora, Valeria Conti, Amelia Filippelli, Giampaolo Tortora, Cristina R Ferrone, Stefano Pepe
Journal: Front Oncol (2020)
Keywords: bap1, poly adp ribose polymerase (parp) inhibitor, rad21, cholangio carcinoma, olaparib, precision oncology
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Introduction:
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare hepatobiliary cancer characterized by a poor prognosis and a limited response to conventional therapies. Currently chemotherapy is the only therapeutic option for patients with Stage IV ICC. Due to the poor response rate, there is an urgent need to identify novel molecular targets to develop novel effective therapies. Precision oncology tests utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms have rapidly entered into clinical practice. Profiling the genome and transcriptome of cancer to identify potentially targetable oncogenic pathways may guide the clinical care of the patient.
Case presentation:
We present a 56-year-old male patient affected with metastatic ICC, whose cancer underwent several precision oncology tests by different NGS platforms. A novel BAP1 mutation (splice site c.581-17_585del22) and a RAD21 amplification were identified by a commercial available platform on a metastatic lesion. No germline BAP1 mutations were identified. Several lines of evidences indicate that PARP inhibitor administration might be an effective treatment in presence of BAP1 and/or RAD21 alterations since both BAP1 and RAD21 are involved in the DNA repair pathway, BAP1 interacts with BRCA1 and BRCA1-mediated DNA repair pathway alterations enhance the sensitivity to PARP inhibitor administration. In this case, after failing conventional therapies, patient was treated with PARP inhibitor olaparib. The patient had a partial response according to RECIST criteria with an overall survival of 37.2 months from the time of diagnosis of his ICC. Following 11.0 months on olaparib treatment, sustained stable disease control is ongoing. The patient is still being treated with olaparib and no significant toxicity has been reported.
Conclusion:
These findings have clinical relevance since we have shown PARP inhibitor as a potential treatment for ICC patients harboring BAP1 deletion and RAD21 amplification. We have also highlighted the utility of NGS platforms to identify targetable mutations within a cancer.
Multiple Bluish Nodules in a 20-Year-Old Female with Similar Lesions in Her Father
Authors: Punyawee Ongsri, Supenya Varothai
Journal: Case Rep Dermatol Med (2019)
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Glomuvenous malformations are congenital, benign, vascular malformations classified as subtypes of glomus tumors with predominant blood vessels, usually present at birth or childhood with multiple, bluish, soft papules and nodules or plaque-like cutaneous lesions. Later present with pronounced segmental lesions, superimposed on the primary lesions, suggesting type 2 segmental mosaicism. We present a rare case of familial glomuvenous malformations, a healthy young female presented with multiple bluish papules since birth which later developed dissemination later in her adolescence. Moreover, her father also had similar skin lesions on his left lower back.
Multi-Visceral Transplantation in a 21-Year-Old Man with Prior Pancreatoblastoma
Authors: R Girlanda, A Pozzi, C S Matsumoto, T M Fishbein
Journal: Int J Organ Transplant Med (2016)
Keywords: immunosuppression, liver failure, neoplasm metastasis, neoplasms, short bowel syndrome, transplantation
MeSH terms: Case Reports

Organ transplantation in patients with prior malignancy increases the risk of tumor recurrence post-transplantation due to immunosuppression. Only two cases of liver transplantation have so far been reported in children with hepatic metastases from pancreatoblastoma, a rare malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelial exocrine cells of the pancreas. Herein, we describe a case of a successful multi-visceral transplant in a man with intestinal failure after surgical resection of pancreatoblastoma.
18F-FDG PET/CT scan confirmed by pathology findings in a singular case of squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis
Authors: G M Lima, A Matti, L Burgio, C Nanni, P Castellucci, S Fanti
Journal: Eur J Hybrid Imaging (2017)

Background:
Only about 1% of all head and neck lateral or paramedian cancers described in the scientific literature shows, in staging, contralateral cervical adenopathy without ipsilateral pathological involvement of lymph nodes.
Case presentation:
This case is one of them, in which 18F-FDG PET/CT scan is confirmed by pathology findings, and has correctly identified all metastatic disease foci.
Conclusions:
To date, PET/CT is not recommended in head and neck cancer staging. However, the use of PET/CT in head and neck cancer staging can define possible metastatic disease foci, clarify c.e. CT suspicious findings and, in some cases, change the TNM stage, with a strong prognostic and therapeutic impact.