# Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society

A Medalha de Ouro da Royal Astronomical Society é o prêmio científico de maior destaque concedido pela Royal Astronomical Society.
A medalha foi concedida a primeira vez em 1824. Após ser concedida algumas vezes nos anos iniciais, a partir de 1833 foi concedida uma única vez por ano. Em 1846 surgiu um problema, devido à descoberta do planeta Netuno, sendo seus descobridores John Couch Adams e Urbain Le Verrier distinguidos a receber a medalha. A controvérsia foi resolvida em 1848, mediante a concessão de medalhas de reconhecimento a 12 personalidades, dentre as quais os supra citados. A partir de 1849 voltaram a ser premiados no máximo uma personalidade por ano. Adams e Le Verrier receberam suas medalhas de ouro em 1866 e 1868.
Desde 1964 são concedidas até duas medalhas por ano, uma "A" para astronomia, cosmologia, física de astropartículas, cosmofísica e áreas afim, e outra "G" para geofísica, física solar, relações sol-terra e pesquisa de planetas.
A ilustração na medalha mostra junto ao brasão da sociedade o telescópio de 40 pés de William Herschel e seu ditado em latim "QUICQUID NITET NOTANDUM" (algo como "O que sempre surge deve ser ilustrado").

## Laureados

Esses foram os laureados, por ano:
* 1824 - Charles Babbage, Johann Franz Encke
* 1826 - John Herschel, James South, Wilhelm Struve
* 1827 - Francis Baily
* 1828 - Thomas Brisbane, James Dunlop, Caroline Herschel
* 1829 - William Pearson, Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, Heinrich Christian Schumacher
* 1830 - William Richardson, Johann Franz Encke
* 1831 - Henry Kater, Marie-Charles Damoiseau
* 1833 - George Biddell Airy
* 1835 - Manuel John Johnson
* 1836 - John Herschel
* 1837 - Otto August Rosenberger
* 1839 - John Wrottesley
* 1840 - Giovanni Plana
* 1841 - Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
* 1842 - Peter Andreas Hansen
* 1843 - Francis Baily
* 1845 - William Henry Smyth
* 1846 - George Biddell Airy
* 1849 - William Lassell
* 1850 - Otto Wilhelm von Struve
* 1851 - Annibale de Gasparis
* 1852 - Christian August Friedrich Peters
* 1853 - John Russell Hind
* 1854 - Karl Rümker
* 1855 - William Rutter Dawes
* 1856 - Robert Grant
* 1857 - Samuel Heinrich Schwabe
* 1858 - Robert Main
* 1859 - Richard Christopher Carrington
* 1860 - Peter Andreas Hansen
* 1861 - Hermann Goldschmidt
* 1862 - Warren De La Rue
* 1863 - Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander
* 1865 - George Phillips Bond
* 1866 - John Couch Adams
* 1867 - William Huggins, William Allen Miller
* 1868 - Urbain Le Verrier
* 1869 - Edward James Stone
* 1870 - Charles-Eugène Delaunay
* 1872 - Giovanni Schiaparelli
* 1874 - Simon Newcomb
* 1875 - Heinrich Louis d'Arrest
* 1876 - Urbain Le Verrier
* 1878 - Ercole Dembowski
* 1879 - Asaph Hall
* 1881 - Axel Möller
* 1882 - David Gill
* 1883 - Benjamin Apthorp Gould
* 1884 - Andrew Ainslie Common
* 1885 - William Huggins
* 1886 - Edward Charles Pickering, Charles Pritchard
* 1887 - George William Hill
* 1888 - Arthur Auwers
* 1889 - Maurice Loewy
* 1892 - George Darwin
* 1893 - Hermann Carl Vogel
* 1894 - Sherburne Wesley Burnham
* 1895 - Isaac Roberts
* 1896 - Seth Carlo Chandler
* 1897 - Edward Barnard
* 1898 - William Frederick Denning
* 1899 - Frank McClean
* 1900 - Henri Poincaré
* 1901 - Edward Charles Pickering
* 1902 - Jacobus Kapteyn
* 1903 - Hermann Struve
* 1904 - George Ellery Hale
* 1905 - Lewis Boss
* 1906 - William Wallace Campbell
* 1907 - Ernest William Brown
* 1908 - David Gill
* 1909 - Oskar Backlund
* 1910 - Karl Friedrich Küstner
* 1911 - Philip Herbert Cowell
* 1912 - Arthur Robert Hinks
* 1913 - Henri-Alexandre Deslandres
* 1914 - Max Wolf
* 1915 - Alfred Fowler
* 1916 - John Dreyer
* 1917 - Walter Sydney Adams
* 1918 - John Evershed
* 1919 - Guillaume Bigourdan
* 1921 - Henry Norris Russell
* 1922 - James Jeans
* 1923 - Albert A. Michelson
* 1924 - Arthur Eddington
* 1925 - Frank Watson Dyson
* 1926 - Albert Einstein
* 1927 - Frank Schlesinger
* 1928 - Ralph Allen Sampson
* 1929 - Ejnar Hertzsprung
* 1930 - John Stanley Plaskett
* 1931 - Willem de Sitter
* 1932 - Robert Grant Aitken
* 1933 - Vesto M. Slipher
* 1934 - Harlow Shapley
* 1935 - Edward Arthur Milne
* 1936 - Hisashi Kimura
* 1937 - Harold Jeffreys
* 1938 - William Hammond Wright
* 1939 - Bernard Lyot
* 1940 - Edwin Powell Hubble
* 1943 - Harold Spencer Jones
* 1944 - Otto Struve
* 1945 - Bengt Edlén
* 1946 - Jan Oort
* 1947 - Marcel Minnaert
* 1948 - Bertil Lindblad
* 1949 - Sydney Chapman
* 1950 - Joel Stebbins
* 1951 - Anton Pannekoek
* 1952 - John Jackson
* 1953 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
* 1954 - Walter Baade
* 1955 - Dirk Brouwer
* 1956 - Thomas George Cowling
* 1957 - Albrecht Unsöld
* 1958 - André-Louis Danjon
* 1959 - Raymond Lyttleton
* 1960 - Viktor Ambartsumian
* 1961 - Herman Zanstra
* 1962 - Bengt Strömgren
* 1963 - Harry Hemley Plaskett
* 1964 - Martin Ryle, William Maurice Ewing
* 1965 - Edward Bullard, Gerald Maurice Clemence
* 1966 - Ira Sprague Bowen, Harold Clayton Urey
* 1967 - Hannes Alfvén, Allan Rex Sandage
* 1968 - Walter Munk, Fred Hoyle
* 1969 - Albert Thomas Price, Martin Schwarzschild
* 1970 - Horace Welcome Babcock
* 1971 - Frank Press, Richard van der Riet Woolley
* 1972 - Hal Thirlaway, Fritz Zwicky
* 1973 - Francis Birch, Edwin E. Salpeter
* 1974 - Ludwig Biermann, Keith Edward Bullen
* 1975 - Jesse Leonard Greenstein, Ernst Öpik
* 1976 - William McCrea, John Ashworth Ratcliffe
* 1977 - David Bates, John Gatenby Bolton
* 1978 - Lyman Spitzer, James Van Allen
* 1979 - Leon Knopoff, Charles Gorrie Wynne
* 1980 - Chaim Leib Pekeris, Maarten Schmidt
* 1981 - James Freeman Gilbert, Bernard Lovell
* 1982 - Riccardo Giacconi, Harrie Massey
* 1983 - Michael Seaton, Fred L. Whipple
* 1984 - Keith Runcorn, Jakov Seldovich
* 1985 - Thomas Gold, Stephen Hawking
* 1986 - George Edward Backus, Alexander Dalgarno
* 1987 - Takeshi Nagata, Martin Rees
* 1988 - Don Lynn Anderson, Cornelis de Jager
* 1989 - Raymond Hide, Ken Pounds
* 1990 - James Dungey, Bernard Pagel
* 1991 - Vitaly Ginzburg, Gerald Joseph Wasserburg
* 1992 - Dan Peter McKenzie, Eugene Parker
* 1993 - Peter Goldreich, Donald Lynden-Bell
* 1994 - James Gunn, Thomas Reeve Kaiser
* 1995 - John Houghton, Rashid Sunyaev
* 1996 - Kenneth Creer, Vera Rubin
* 1997 - Donald Farley, Donald Edward Osterbrock
* 1998 - Robert Ladislav Parker, James Peebles
* 1999 - Kenneth Budden, Bohdan Paczyński
* 2000 - Leon Lucy, Robert Hutchison
* 2001 - Hermann Bondi, Henry Rishbeth
* 2002 - Leon Mestel, John Arthur Jacobs
* 2003 - John Norris Bahcall, David Gubbins
* 2004 - Jeremiah Paul Ostriker, Grenville Turner
* 2005 - Margaret Burbidge, Geoffrey Burbidge, Carole Jordan
* 2006 - Simon White, Stanley William Herbert Cowley
* 2007 - Leonard Culhane, Nigel Weiss
* 2008 - Joseph Silk, Brian Kennett
* 2009 - David Williams, Eric Priest
* 2010 - Douglas Gough, John Woodhouse
* 2011 - Richard Salisbury Ellis, Eberhard Grün
* 2012 - John Campbell Brown, Andrew Fabian
* 2013 - Roger Blandford, Chris Chapman
* 2014 - Carlos Frenk, John Zarnecki
* 2015 - Michel Mayor
* 2016 - John David Barrow, Philip England
* 2017 - Nicholas Kaiser, Michele Dougherty
* 2018 - James Hough, Robert White
* 2019 - Robert Kennicutt, Margaret Kivelson
* 2020 - Sandra Faber, Yvonne Elsworth
* 2021: Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Thorne Lay
* 2022: George Efstathiou, Richard Horne
* 2023: John Andrew Peacock, Tim Palmer
* 2024: Gilles Chabrier, John-Michael Kendall

## Medalha de prata

Em somente duas ocasiões foram concedidas medalhas de prata:
* 1824 Charles Rümker, Jean-Louis Pons
* 1827 William Samuel Stratford, Mark Beaufoy

## Medalhas de reconhecimento de 1848

* George Biddell Airy
* John Couch Adams
* Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander
* George Bishop
* George Everest
* John Herschel
* Peter Andreas Hansen
* Karl Ludwig Hencke
* John Russell Hind
* Urbain Le Verrier
* John William Lubbock
* Maximilian von Weiße