# United Soccer Leagues

A United Soccer Leagues (em português: Ligas Unidas de Futebol; abreviação oficial: USL) é uma federação de futebol dos Estados Unidos e do futebol do Canadá que juntos formam três divisões: USL First Division (segunda divisão), USL Second Division (terceira divisão) e Premier Development League (PDL) (quarta divisão). A liga principal de futebol dos Estados Unidos é a Major League Soccer (MLS). Inclui ligas masculinas e femininas, profissionais e amadoras. As ligas atualmente organizadas são o Campeonato da USL, a Liga Um da USL, a Liga Dois da USL e a Liga Super Y juvenil. Uma nova liga feminina, a USL W League, começará a ser disputada em 2022. É diretamente afiliado à Federação de Futebol dos Estados Unidos e à Associação de Futebol Adulto dos Estados Unidos. A USL é sediada em Tampa.

## História

* 1986 - Estabelecido como Southwest Indoor Soccer League.
* 1989 - Adicionada uma liga ao ar livre conhecida como Southwest Outdoor Soccer League. Isso logo foi mudado para Southwest Independent Soccer League, que incluía as ligas indoor e outdoor.
* 1990 - Renomeado Sunbelt Independent Soccer League.
* 1991 - Renomeado United States Interregional Soccer League.
* 1995 - Renomeado United States International Soccer League.
* 1995 - Renomeado United Systems of Independent Soccer Leagues e formalmente estabelecido Pro League profissional e Premier Development League amador.
* 1995 - É lançada a liga semi-profissional feminina USL W-League.
* 1996 - Estabelecida a Select League, composta pelas equipes mais fortes da Divisão 3 Pro League e da Premier League Amadora na esperança de obter a aprovação da Divisão 2.
* 1997 - Select League e a ex-American Professional Soccer League fundiram-se para formar a A-League sob a égide da USISL.
* 1999 - A Umbrella USISL mudou seu nome para United Soccer Leagues.
* 2009 - Nike vende a organização para NuRock Soccer Holdings, LLC. Como resultado, nove clubes deixaram a Primeira Divisão para formar a Liga Norte-Americana de Futebol: Atlanta Silverbacks, Carolina RailHawks FC, Miami FC, Minnesota Thunder, Montreal Impact, Rochester Rhinos, Tampa Bay Rowdies, Vancouver Whitecaps e o AC St. Louis grupo de expansão. A United Soccer League era uma divisão temporária da 2ª divisão da USSF.
* 2010 - USL anunciou a formação do USL Pro, que fundiu a USL Primeira Divisão e USL Segunda Divisão.
* 2011 - Temporada inaugural da USL Pro.
* 2011 - USL assume a operação da Liga Principal de Futebol de Salão.
* 2013 - USL Pro e Major League Soccer anunciam um acordo plurianual, começando naquela temporada, para integrar o jogo da MLS Reserve League com os times da USL Pro, primeiro por meio de afiliações de equipe e jogo "interleague", eventualmente integrando totalmente as reservas da MLS na estrutura do USL Pro.
* 2013 - É lançada a W-20 League, uma liga juvenil operacionalmente alinhada com a USL W-League.
* 2015 - USL Pro renomeado United Soccer League.
* 2015 - USL W-League e W-20 League cessam as operações.
* 2017 - A USL recebe o status de Divisão Provisória II do U.S. Soccer.
* 2017 - USL cria a liga USL Divisão III e arquivos para o status de Divisão III com o futebol dos EUA.
* 2018 - USL anuncia mudança de marca de sua liga principal para o Campeonato da USL, Divisão III da USL para a Liga Um da USL e a Liga de Desenvolvimento da Premier League para a Liga Dois da USL começando com a temporada de 2019.
* 2021 - USL anuncia duas novas competições femininas, o lançamento da W League amadora na temporada de 2022 e o lançamento da Super League profissional em 2023.

## Competições
### SISL

| Amarillo Challengers (Indoor: 1986/87–89/90) Arkansas Diamonds (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1990–91) Atlanta Express (Indoor: 1990/91; Outdoor: 1991) Austin Sockadillos (Indoor: 1987/88–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91) Colorado Comets (Indoor: 1989/90-90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91) El Paso Patriots (Indoor: 1989/90-90/91; Outdoor: 1991, as El Paso Sixshooters in 1989/90, as El Paso Spurs in 1990/91) Fort Worth Kickers (Indoor: 1986/87-90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91, as Garland Genesis in 1986/87, as Addison Arrows in 1986/87–89/90, as North Texas United in 1990, merged with Waco Kickers after 1990) Georgia Steamers (Indoor: 1990/91) Houston Express (Indoor: 1988/89–89/90) Lubbock Lazers (Indoor: 1986/87–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91) Memphis Rogues (Indoor: 1990/91; Outdoor: 1991) Nashville Metros (Indoor: 1990/91; Outdoor: 1991) | New Mexico Chiles (Indoor: 1986/87–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91, as Albuquerque Outlaws in 1986/87, as Albuquerque Gunners in 1987/88–1990, as New Mexico Roadrunners in 1990/91) Oklahoma City Warriors (Indoor: 1986/87–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91) Permian Basin Shooting Stars (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1990) Phoenix Hearts (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1990–91) Richardson Rockets (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1990–91) San Antonio Generals (Indoor: 1988/89–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91, as San Antonio Heat in 1988/89–1989) Tucson Amigos (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1990–91) Tulsa Renegades (Indoor: 1989/90–90/91; Outdoor: 1989–91) Waco Kickers (Indoor: 1989/90; Outdoor: 1990, merged into North Texas United after 1990 season) Wichita Tornado (Indoor: 1988/89) |

### USISL

| Amarillo Challengers (Indoor: 1991–92) Ann Arbor Elite (1995) Arizona Cotton (1993–94, Indoor: 1991–93, as Phoenix Hearts in 1991–92) Arkansas A's (1992, 1994, Indoor: 1991–92, as Arkansas Diamonds in 1994) Atlanta Lightning (Indoor: 1991–92) Atlanta Magic (1993–94, Indoor: 1991–96, as Atlanta Lasers in 1993) Austin Lone Stars (1992–94, as Austin Sockadillos in 1992–93) Baltimore Bays (1993–94, Indoor: 1992–98) Birmingham Grasshoppers (1993–94) Boca Raton Sabres (1992–94) Boston Storm (1994) Brandon Braves (Indoor: 1994–96) Cape Cod Crusaders (1994) Central California Valley Hydra (1994) Charlotte Eagles (1993–94) Charleston Battery (1993–94) Chattanooga Express (1992–94, Indoor: 1992–96, as Chattanooga Railroaders in 1992–93) Chico Rooks (1993–94) Cincinnati Cheetahs (1994) Cocoa Expos (1994, Indoor: 1993–94) Colorado Comets (Indoor: 1991–92) Columbia Heat (1993–94, as Columbia Spirit in 1993) Connecticut Wolves (1993–94) Coral Springs Kicks (1993) Dallas Rockets (1992–94, Indoor: 1991–92, as North Texas Mid-Cities Flyers in 1991–92) Dallas/Fort Worth Toros (1992–94, Indoor: 1991–93, 95/96, as Dallas Kickers in 1991–92, as Dallas Americans in 1992–93) Dallas Lightning (1993–94, Indoor: 1993–94, 1995–96, as Tyler Lightning in 1993, as Texas Lightning in 1993–94) Delaware Wizards (1993–94) Des Moines Menace (1994) Detroit Wheels (1994–95) East Bay Red Riders (1992–93) East Los Angeles Cobras (1993–94) El Paso Patriots (1992–94) Florida Stars (1994) Fort Lauderdale Kicks (1994) Greensboro Dynamo (1993–94, Indoor: 1993–94) Gwinnett County Steamers (1992) Hampton Roads Hurricane (1994) Hawaii Tsunami (1994) Jacksonville Fury (1994–95) Jersey Dragons (1994) Kansas City All-Stars (Indoor: 1996–97) Knoxville Impact (Indoor: 1992–96) Las Vegas Quicksilver (1994) Lexington Bluegrass Bandits (1994) Lincoln Brigade (1997) (Indoor: 1996–97) Long Island Rough Riders (1994) Louisville Thoroughbreds (1994) Lubbock Lazers (Indoor: 1991–93, as Lubbock Tornado in 1991–92) | Memphis Jackals (1992–94, Indoor: 1991–92, as Memphis Survivors in 1991–92, as Memphis United Express in 1992) Mesquite Kickers (Indoor: 1994–97) Michigan Madness (1996) Milwaukee Rampage (1994) Minnesota Thunder (1994) Montclair Standard Falcons (1993–94) Myrtle Beach Boyz (1995) Nashville Metros (1992–94, Indoor: 1991–94) New Mexico Chiles (1994) New Orleans Storm (1993–99; as New Orleans Riverboat Gamblers in 1993–97) New York Fever (1994) North Bay Breakers (1992–94) North Jersey Imperials (1994) Ohio Xoggz (1994–96, as Columbus Xoggz in 1994–95) Oklahoma City Slickers (1993–96, as Oklahoma City Heat in 1996) Oklahoma City Warriors (1992–93, Indoor: 1991–93) Oklahoma City Warriors (Indoor: 1996–98, as Oklahoma City Alliance in 1996–97) Omaha Flames (1996–97, Indoor: 1996–98) Orlando Lions (1992–94, Indoor: 1993–96) Permian Basin Mirage (Indoor: 1991–92) Philadelphia Freedom (1994, Indoor: 1995–97, as Pennsylvania Freedom in 1994–96) Raleigh Flyers (1993–95) Reading Rage (Indoor: 1995–96) Reno Rattlers (1994) Richmond Kickers (1993–94, Indoor: 1993–94) Rockford Raptors (1994) St. Louis Knights (1994) San Antonio Pumas (1992–1994, Indoor: 1991–93, as San Antonio Generals in 1991–93) San Diego Top Guns (1994) San Fernando Valley Golden Eagles (1993–94) San Francisco United All Blacks (1992–94, as San Francisco All Blacks in 1992) San Francisco Bay Diablos (1993–94) San Jose Hawks (1993) Santa Cruz Surf (1993–94) Shasta Scorchers (1994) Silicon Valley Firebirds (1992–94, as Palo Alto Firebirds in 1992) Sioux City Breeze (1994) South Florida Flamingos (1994) Texas Arsenal (Indoor: 1992–94, as Texas Stampede in 1992–93) Toledo Twisters (Indoor: 1993–94) Tucson Amigos (1992–94, Indoor: 1991–93) Tulsa Renegades (Indoor: 1991–92) Tulsa Roughnecks (1993–99, Indoor: 1993–98, as Green County Roughnecks in 1999) Virginia Kickers/Richmond Kickers (1997–98) Washington Mustangs (1994) Wichita Blue (1995–96, 1999, as Wichita Blue Angels in 1994) |