# Melanotaeniidae

Melanotaeniidae é uma família de peixes de água doce. São peixes coloridos e de pequenas dimensões, que podem ser encontrados no Norte e Leste da Austrália e Nova Guiné e nas ilhas do Sudeste asiático.
Esta família derivao seu nome do género Melanotaenia, que em língua grega pode ser decomposto em Melano (= preto) e taenia (= bandeado), significando "de bandas pretas", uma alusão a bandas desta cor que percorrem o corpo dos peixes do género Melanotaenia.
São populares em aquariofilia. As populações selvagens destes peixes têm sido afectadas pela espécie Gambusia holbrooki, que é altamente agressiva.

## Espécies

A familia Melanotaeniidae é composta por 67 espécies, dividivas entre 7 géneros: FishBase lists 71 species in seven genera:
* Genus Cairnsichthys
** Cairns rainbowfish, Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides (Nichols & Raven, 1928).
* Genus Chilatherina
** Chilatherina alleni Price, 1997.
** Axelrod's rainbowfish, Chilatherina axelrodi Allen, 1979.
** Bleher's rainbowfish, Chilatherina bleheri Allen, 1985.
** Bulolo rainbowfish, Chilatherina bulolo (Whitley, 1938).
** Highlands rainbowfish, Chilatherina campsi (Whitley, 1957).
** Silver rainbowfish, Chilatherina crassispinosa (Weber, 1913).
** Barred rainbowfish, Chilatherina fasciata (Weber, 1913).
** Lorentz's rainbowfish, Chilatherina lorentzii (Weber, 1907).
** Chilatherina pricei Allen & Renyaan, 1996.
** Sentani rainbowfish, Chilatherina sentaniensis (Weber, 1907).
* Genus Glossolepis
** Glossolepis dorityi Allen, 2001.
** Red rainbowfish, Glossolepis incisus Weber, 1907.
** Leggett's rainbowfish, Glossolepis leggetti Allen & Renyaan, 1998.
** Spotted rainbowfish, Glossolepis maculosus Allen, 1981.
** Sepik rainbowfish, Glossolepis multisquamata (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922).
** Tami River rainbowfish, Glossolepis pseudoincisus Allen & Cross, 1980.
** Ramu rainbowfish, Glossolepis ramuensis Allen, 1985.
** Lake Wanam rainbowfish, Glossolepis wanamensis Allen & Kailola, 1979.
* Genus Iriatherina
** Threadfin rainbowfish, Iriatherina werneri Meinken, 1974.
* Genus Melanotaenia
** New Guinea rainbowfish, Melanotaenia affinis (Weber, 1907).
** Ajamaru Lakes rainbowfish, Melanotaenia ajamaruensis Allen & Cross, 1980.
** Yakati rainbowfish, Melanotaenia angfa Allen, 1990.
** Arfak rainbowfish, Melanotaenia arfakensis Allen, 1990.
** Western rainbowfish, Melanotaenia australis (Castelnau, 1875).
** Batanta rainbowfish, Melanotaenia batanta Allen & Renyaan, 1998.
** Boeseman's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia boesemani Allen & Cross, 1980.
** Blue rainbowfish, Melanotaenia caerulea Allen, 1996.
** Waigeo rainbowfish, Melanotaenia catherinae (de Beaufort, 1910).
** Corona rainbowfish, Melanotaenia corona Allen, 1982.
** Duboulay's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia duboulayi (Castelnau, 1878).
** Lake Eacham rainbowfish, Melanotaenia eachamensis Allen & Cross, 1982.
** Exquisite rainbowfish, Melanotaenia exquisita Allen, 1978.
** Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Castelnau, 1878).
** Sorong rainbowfish, Melanotaenia fredericki (Fowler, 1939).
** Goldie River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia goldiei (Macleay, 1883).
** Slender rainbowfish, Melanotaenia gracilis Allen, 1978.
** Lake Tebera rainbowfish, Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi Allen, 1981.
** Irian Jaya rainbowfish, Melanotaenia irianjaya Allen, 1985.
** Strickland rainbowfish, Melanotaenia iris Allen, 1987.
** Yapen rainbowfish, Melanotaenia japenensis Allen & Cross, 1980.
** Kamaka rainbowfish, Melanotaenia kamaka Allen & Renyaan, 1996.
** Lake Kutubu rainbowfish, Melanotaenia lacustris Munro, 1964.
** Lakamora rainbowfish, Melanotaenia lakamora Allen & Renyaan, 1996.
** Macculloch's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia maccullochi Ogilby, 1915.
** Mayland's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia maylandi Allen, 1983.
** Misool rainbowfish, Melanotaenia misoolensis Allen, 1982.
** Mountain rainbowfish, Melanotaenia monticola Allen, 1980.
** Mubi rainbowfish, Melanotaenia mubiensis Allen, 1996.
** Black-banded rainbowfish, Melanotaenia nigrans (Richardson, 1843).
** Ogilby's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia ogilbyi Weber, 1910.
** Oktedi rainbowfish, Melanotaenia oktediensis Allen & Cross, 1980.
** Papuan rainbowfish, Melanotaenia papuae Allen, 1981.
** Parkinson's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia parkinsoni Allen, 1980.
** Lake Kuromai rainbowfish, Melanotaenia parva Allen, 1990.
** Pierucci's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pierucciae Allen & Renyaan, 1996.
** Pima River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pimaensis Allen, 1981.
** Dwarf rainbowfish, Melanotaenia praecox (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922).
** Pygmy rainbowfish, Melanotaenia pygmaea Allen, 1978.
** Red-finned rainbowfish, Melanotaenia rubripinnis Allen & Renyaan, 1998.
** Fly River rainbowfish, Melanotaenia sexlineata (Munro, 1964).
** Checkered rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida inornata (Castelnau, 1875).
** Red-striped rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida rubrostriata (Ramsay & Ogilby, 1886).
** Eastern rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida splendida (Peters, 1866).
** Desert rainbowfish, Melanotaenia splendida tatei (Zietz, 1896).
** Melanotaenia sylvatica Allen, 1997.
** Banded rainbowfish, Melanotaenia trifasciata (Rendahl, 1922).
** Melanotaenia utcheensis McGuigan, 2001.
** Van Heurn's rainbowfish, Melanotaenia vanheurni (Weber & de Beaufort, 1922).
* Genus Pelangia
** Pelangia mbutaensis Allen, 1998.
* Genus Rhadinocentrus
** Ornate rainbowfish, Rhadinocentrus ornatus Regan, 1914.