# Erythroxylum

Erythroxylum ou eritróxilo é o maior entre os quatro gêneros botânicos pertencentes à família Erythroxylaceae. Ele está presente em países de zona climática tropical, principalmente as Américas Central e Sul, Madagascar, Tailândia e Indonésia. As espécies mais conhecidas deste gênero são Erythroxylum coca e Erythroxylum novogranatense, que produzem a cocaína, um alcaloide da classe dos tropânicos, que tem efeitos anestésico local e psicotrópico importantes. No Brasil, um dos principais centros de diversidade de espécies de Erythroxylum, são encontradas 116 espécies das 187 registradas para a América tropical sendo que, aproximadamente 74 (63,79%) possuem distribuição restrita aos determinados biomas brasileiros.

## Espécies

* Erythroxylum acrobeles W.A.Gentner
* Erythroxylum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav.
* Erythroxylum acutum W.A.Gentner
* Erythroxylum affine A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum alaternifolium A.Rich.
* Erythroxylum amazonicum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum amplifolium Baill.
* Erythroxylum amplum Benth.
* Erythroxylum ampullaceum Baker
* Erythroxylum anceps O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum andrei Plowman
* Erythroxylum angelicae Loiola
* Erythroxylum anguifugum Mart.
* Erythroxylum annamense Tardieu
* Erythroxylum apiculatum Diogo
* Erythroxylum areolatum L.
* Erythroxylum argentinum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum armatum Oviedo & Borhidi
* Erythroxylum arrojadoi O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum australe F.Muell.
* Erythroxylum ayrtonianum Loiola & M.F.Sales
* Erythroxylum badium O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum banaoense Oviedo
* Erythroxylum bangii Rusby
* Erythroxylum baracoense Borhidi
* Erythroxylum barbatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum bequaertii Standl.
* Erythroxylum betulaceum Mart.
* Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman
* Erythroxylum bicolor O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum boinense H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum boivinianum Baill.
* Erythroxylum bradeanum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum brennae D'Arcy & Schanen
* Erythroxylum brevipes DC.
* Erythroxylum buxifolium Lam.
* Erythroxylum buxus Peyr.
* Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman
* Erythroxylum calyptratum Komada & Tagane
* Erythroxylum cambodianum Pierre
* Erythroxylum campestre A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum campinense Amaral
* Erythroxylum carajasense (Plowman) Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum carthagenense Jacq.
* Erythroxylum cassinoides Planch. & Linden
* Erythroxylum cataractarum Spruce ex Peyr.
* Erythroxylum catharinense Amaral
* Erythroxylum cincinnatum Mart.
* Erythroxylum citrifolium A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum clarense Borhidi
* Erythroxylum coca Lam.
* Erythroxylum coelophlebium Mart.
* Erythroxylum cogolloi Jara
* Erythroxylum columbinum Mart.
* Erythroxylum compressum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum confusum Britton
* Erythroxylum cordato-ovatum Huber
* Erythroxylum coriaceum Britton & P.Wilson
* Erythroxylum corymbosum Boivin ex Baill.
* Erythroxylum couveleense Guillaumin
* Erythroxylum cuneatum (Miq.) Kurz
* Erythroxylum cuneifolium (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum cuspidifolium Mart.
* Erythroxylum daphnites Mart.
* Erythroxylum davidii D'Arcy & Schanen
* Erythroxylum deciduum A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum dekindtii (Engl.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum delagoense Schinz
* Erythroxylum densum Rusby
* Erythroxylum dillonii Plowman ex Jara
* Erythroxylum discolor Bojer
* Erythroxylum distortum Mart.
* Erythroxylum divaricatum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum domingense Oviedo
* Erythroxylum dumosum Alain
* Erythroxylum ecarinatum Hochr.
* Erythroxylum elegans Baill.
* Erythroxylum ellipticum R.Br. ex Benth.
* Erythroxylum emarginatum Thonn.
* Erythroxylum engleri O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum ferrugineum Cav.
* Erythroxylum fimbriatum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum firmum Baker
* Erythroxylum fischeri Engl.
* Erythroxylum flavicans Borhidi
* Erythroxylum foetidum Plowman
* Erythroxylum frangulifolium A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum gaudichaudii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum gentryi Jara
* Erythroxylum gerrardii Baker
* Erythroxylum glaucum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum glaziovii O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum gonoclados (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum gracile O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum gracilipes Peyr.
* Erythroxylum grandifolium Peyr.
* Erythroxylum grisebachii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum guanchezii Plowman
* Erythroxylum guatemalense Lundell
* Erythroxylum hamigerum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum haughtii W.A.Gentner
* Erythroxylum havanense Jacq.
* Erythroxylum hildebrandtii O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum hondense Kunth
* Erythroxylum horridum Borhidi & Oviedo
* Erythroxylum hypericifolium Lam.
* Erythroxylum hypoleucum Plowman
* Erythroxylum impressum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum incrassatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum jaimei Jara
* Erythroxylum jamaicense Fawc. & Rendle
* Erythroxylum kapplerianum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum kochummenii Ng
* Erythroxylum laetevirens O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum lanceolatum (Wight) Walp.
* Erythroxylum lanceum Bojer
* Erythroxylum lancifolium Peyr.
* Erythroxylum laurel Baill.
* Erythroxylum laurifolium Lam.
* Erythroxylum leal-costae Plowman
* Erythroxylum leandrianum Payens
* Erythroxylum lenticellosum Huber
* Erythroxylum leptoneurum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum ligustrinum DC.
* Erythroxylum lindemanii Plowman
* Erythroxylum lineolatum DC.
* Erythroxylum loefgrenii Diogo
* Erythroxylum longipes O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum longisetulosum Loiola & M.F.Sales
* Erythroxylum loretense Plowman
* Erythroxylum lygoides O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum macrocalyx Mart.
* Erythroxylum macrocarpum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum macrochaetum Miq.
* Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav.
* Erythroxylum magnoliifolium A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum mamacoca Mart.
* Erythroxylum mangorense H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum mannii Oliv.
* Erythroxylum maracasense Plowman
* Erythroxylum martii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum mattos-silvae Plowman
* Erythroxylum membranaceum Plowman
* Erythroxylum mexicanum Kunth
* Erythroxylum microphyllum A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum mikanii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum minutifolium Griseb.
* Erythroxylum mocquerysii DC.
* Erythroxylum mogotense Oviedo
* Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb.
* Erythroxylum moonii Hochr.
* Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth.
* Erythroxylum myrsinites Mart.
* Erythroxylum myrtoides Bojer
* Erythroxylum nelson-rosae Plowman
* Erythroxylum nitidulum Baker
* Erythroxylum nobile O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum nordestinum Costa-Lima, Loiola & M.Alves
* Erythroxylum nossibeense Baill.
* Erythroxylum novocaledonicum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum novogranatense (D.Morris) Hieron.
* Erythroxylum nummularia Peyr.
* Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.f.
* Erythroxylum occultum Plowman
* Erythroxylum ochranthum Mart.
* Erythroxylum opacum Rusby
* Erythroxylum oreophilum (O.E.Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire
* Erythroxylum orinocense Kunth
* Erythroxylum ovalifolium Peyr.
* Erythroxylum oxycarpum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum oxypetalum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pachyneurum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pacificum D.R.Simpson
* Erythroxylum panamense Turcz.
* Erythroxylum paraguariense (Chodat & Hassl.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum parvistipulatum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum passerinum Mart.
* Erythroxylum patentissimum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pauciflorum Rusby
* Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman
* Erythroxylum pedicellare (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pelleterianum A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum pervillei Baill.
* Erythroxylum petrae-caballi Plowman
* Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.
* Erythroxylum platyclados Bojer
* Erythroxylum plowmanianum Cogollo & Pipoly
* Erythroxylum polygonoides Mart.
* Erythroxylum popayanense Kunth
* Erythroxylum pruinosum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pulchrum A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum pungens O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum pyan Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum pyrifolium Baker
* Erythroxylum raimondii O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum reticulatum Northr.
* Erythroxylum revolutum Mart.
* Erythroxylum rhodappendiculatum Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum rignyanum Baill.
* Erythroxylum rimosum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum riparium T.Araújo & Amorim
* Erythroxylum riverae Jara & J.D.García-Gonz.
* Erythroxylum roigii Britton & P.Wilson
* Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch ex O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum rosuliferum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum rotundifolium Lunan
* Erythroxylum rufum Cav.
* Erythroxylum ruizii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum ruryi Plowman
* Erythroxylum santosii Plowman
* Erythroxylum sarawakanum R.C.K.Chung
* Erythroxylum schomburgkii Peyr.
* Erythroxylum schunkei Plowman
* Erythroxylum sechellarum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum seyrigi H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum shatona J.F.Macbr.
* Erythroxylum sideroxyloides Lam.
* Erythroxylum simonis Plowman
* Erythroxylum sinense Y.C.Wu
* Erythroxylum sobraleanum Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro
* Erythroxylum socotranum Thulin
* Erythroxylum sparsiflorum Baker
* Erythroxylum sphaeranthum H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum splendidum Plowman
* Erythroxylum spruceanum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum squamatum Sw.
* Erythroxylum stenopetalum Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum steyermarkii Plowman
* Erythroxylum stipulosum Plowman
* Erythroxylum striiflorum H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum striolatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum strobilaceum Peyr.
* Erythroxylum suberosum A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.
* Erythroxylum subglaucescens Mart. ex Peyr.
* Erythroxylum subracemosum Turcz.
* Erythroxylum subrotundum A.St.-Hil.
* Erythroxylum subsessile (Mart.) O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum substriatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum subumbellatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum tapacuranum Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum tenue Plowman
* Erythroxylum tianguanum Plowman
* Erythroxylum timothei Loiola & M.F.Sales
* Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart.
* Erythroxylum tucuruiense Plowman
* Erythroxylum ulei O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum umbrosum Costa-Lima & M.Alves
* Erythroxylum umbu Costa-Lima
* Erythroxylum undulatum Plowman
* Erythroxylum urbanii O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum vacciniifolium Mart.
* Erythroxylum vaginatum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum vasquezii Plowman
* Erythroxylum vernicosum O.E.Schulz
* Erythroxylum virgultosum Mart.
* Erythroxylum williamsii Standl. ex Plowman
* Erythroxylum xerophilum H.Perrier
* Erythroxylum zambesiacum N.Robson
* Erythroxylum zeylanicum O.E.Schulz