# Isotopen van kwik

Het chemisch element kwik (Hg), met een atoommassa van 200,59(2) u, bezit 7 stabiele isotopen: $^{196}$Hg, $^{198}$Hg, $^{199}$Hg, $^{200}$Hg, $^{201}$Hg, $^{202}$Hg en $^{204}$Hg, waarvan de voorlaatste het meest abundant is (ongeveer 29,9%). De 36 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde). Alle stabiele isotopen worden ervan verdacht α-verval te ondergaan tot stabiele isotopen van platina.
De kortstlevende isotoop van kwik is $^{171}$Hg, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 80 microseconden. De langstlevende is $^{194}$Hg, met een halfwaardetijd van 444 jaar.

## Overzicht

| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
| Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |||
| $^{171}$Hg | 80 | 91 | 171,00376(32) | 80(30) µs | | | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{172}$Hg | 80 | 92 | 171,99883(22) | 420(240) µs | | | 0 | |
| $^{173}$Hg | 80 | 93 | 172,99724(22) | 1,1(4) ms | | | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{174}$Hg | 80 | 94 | 173,992864(21) | 2,0(4) ms | | | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{175}$Hg | 80 | 95 | 174,99142(11) | 10,8(4) ms | α | $^{171}$Pt | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{176}$Hg | 80 | 96 | 175,987355(15) | 20,4(15) ms | α (98,6%) | $^{172}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{176}$Hg | 80 | 96 | 175,987355(15) | 20,4(15) ms | β$^+$ (1,4%) | $^{176}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{177}$Hg | 80 | 97 | 176,98628(8) | 127,3(18) ms | α (85%) | $^{173}$Pt | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{177}$Hg | 80 | 97 | 176,98628(8) | 127,3(18) ms | β$^+$ (15%) | $^{177}$Au | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{178}$Hg | 80 | 98 | 177,982483(14) | 0,269(3) s | α (70%) | $^{174}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{178}$Hg | 80 | 98 | 177,982483(14) | 0,269(3) s | β$^+$ (30%) | $^{178}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{179}$Hg | 80 | 99 | 178,981834(29) | 1,09(4) s | α (53%) | $^{175}$Pt | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{179}$Hg | 80 | 99 | 178,981834(29) | 1,09(4) s | β$^+$ (47%) | $^{179}$Au | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{179}$Hg | 80 | 99 | 178,981834(29) | 1,09(4) s | β$^+$, p (0,15%) | $^{178}$Pt | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{180}$Hg | 80 | 100 | 179,978266(15) | 2,58(1) s | β$^+$ (52%) | $^{180}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{180}$Hg | 80 | 100 | 179,978266(15) | 2,58(1) s | α (48%) | $^{176}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{181}$Hg | 80 | 101 | 180,977819(17) | 3,6(1) s | β$^+$ (64%) | $^{181}$Au | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{181}$Hg | 80 | 101 | 180,977819(17) | 3,6(1) s | α (36%) | $^{177}$Pt | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{181}$Hg | 80 | 101 | 180,977819(17) | 3,6(1) s | β$^+$, p (0,014%) | $^{180}$Pt | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{181}$Hg | 80 | 101 | 180,977819(17) | 3,6(1) s | β$^+$, α (9 × 10$^{−6}$%) | $^{177}$Ir | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{181m}$Hg | 210(40) keV | 210(40) keV | 210(40) keV | | | | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{182}$Hg | 80 | 102 | 181,97469(1) | 10,83(6) s | β$^+$ (84,8%) | $^{182}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{182}$Hg | 80 | 102 | 181,97469(1) | 10,83(6) s | α (15,2%) | $^{178}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{182}$Hg | 80 | 102 | 181,97469(1) | 10,83(6) s | β$^+$, p (10$^{−5}$%) | $^{181}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{183}$Hg | 80 | 103 | 182,974450(9) | 9,4(7) s | β$^+$ (74,5%) | $^{183}$Au | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{183}$Hg | 80 | 103 | 182,974450(9) | 9,4(7) s | α (25,5%) | $^{179}$Pt | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{183}$Hg | 80 | 103 | 182,974450(9) | 9,4(7) s | β$^+$, p (5,6 × 10$^{−4}$%) | $^{182}$Pt | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{183m1}$Hg | 198(14) keV | 198(14) keV | 198(14) keV | | | | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{183m2}$Hg | 240(40) keV | 240(40) keV | 240(40) keV | 5 s | β$^+$ | $^{183}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{184}$Hg | 80 | 104 | 183,971713(11) | 30,6(3) s | β$^+$ (98,89%) | $^{184}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{184}$Hg | 80 | 104 | 183,971713(11) | 30,6(3) s | α (1,11%) | $^{180}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{185}$Hg | 80 | 105 | 184,971899(17) | 49,1(10) s | β$^+$ (94%) | $^{185}$Au | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{185}$Hg | 80 | 105 | 184,971899(17) | 49,1(10) s | α (6%) | $^{181}$Pt | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{185m}$Hg | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 21,6(15) s | IT (54%) | $^{185}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{185m}$Hg | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 21,6(15) s | β$^+$ (46%) | $^{185}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{185m}$Hg | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 99,3(5) keV | 21,6(15) s | α (0,03%) | $^{181}$Pt | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{186}$Hg | 80 | 106 | 185,969362(12) | 1,38(6) min | β$^+$ (99,92%) | $^{186}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{186}$Hg | 80 | 106 | 185,969362(12) | 1,38(6) min | α (0,016%) | $^{182}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{186m}$Hg | 2217,3(4) keV | 2217,3(4) keV | 2217,3(4) keV | 82(5) µs | | | (8$^−$) | |
| $^{187}$Hg | 80 | 107 | 186,969814(15) | 1,9(3) min | β$^+$ | $^{187}$Au | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{187}$Hg | 80 | 107 | 186,969814(15) | 1,9(3) min | α (1,2 × 10$^{−4}$%) | $^{183}$Pt | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{187m}$Hg | 59(16) keV | 59(16) keV | 59(16) keV | 2,4(3) min | β$^+$ | $^{187}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{187m}$Hg | 59(16) keV | 59(16) keV | 59(16) keV | 2,4(3) min | α (2,5 × 10$^{−4}$%) | $^{183}$Pt | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{188}$Hg | 80 | 108 | 187,967577(12) | 3,25(15) min | β$^+$ | $^{188}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{188}$Hg | 80 | 108 | 187,967577(12) | 3,25(15) min | α (3,7 × 10$^{−5}$%) | $^{184}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{188m}$Hg | 2724,3(4) keV | 2724,3(4) keV | 2724,3(4) keV | 134(15) ns | | | (12$^+$) | |
| $^{189}$Hg | 80 | 109 | 188,96819(4) | 7,6(1) min | β$^+$ | $^{189}$Au | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{189}$Hg | 80 | 109 | 188,96819(4) | 7,6(1) min | α (3 × 10$^{−5}$%) | $^{185}$Pt | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{189m}$Hg | 80(30) keV | 80(30) keV | 80(30) keV | 8,6(1) min | β$^+$ | $^{189}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{189m}$Hg | 80(30) keV | 80(30) keV | 80(30) keV | 8,6(1) min | α (3 × 10$^{−5}$%) | $^{185}$Pt | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{190}$Hg | 80 | 110 | 189,966322(17) | 20,0(5) min | β$^+$ | $^{190}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{190}$Hg | 80 | 110 | 189,966322(17) | 20,0(5) min | α (5 × 10$^{−5}$%) | $^{186}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{191}$Hg | 80 | 111 | 190,967157(24) | 49(10) min | β$^+$ | $^{191}$Au | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{191m}$Hg | 128(22) keV | 128(22) keV | 128(22) keV | 50,8(15) min | β$^+$ | $^{191}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{192}$Hg | 80 | 112 | 191,965634(17) | 4,85(20) uur | EV | $^{192}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{192}$Hg | 80 | 112 | 191,965634(17) | 4,85(20) uur | α (4 × 10$^{−6}$%) | $^{188}$Pt | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{193}$Hg | 80 | 113 | 192,966665(17) | 3,80(15) uur | β$^+$ | $^{193}$Au | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{193m}$Hg | 140,76(5) keV | 140,76(5) keV | 140,76(5) keV | 11,8(2) uur | β$^+$ (92,9%) | $^{193}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{193m}$Hg | 140,76(5) keV | 140,76(5) keV | 140,76(5) keV | 11,8(2) uur | IT (7,1%) | $^{193}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{194}$Hg | 80 | 114 | 193,965439(13) | 444(77) jaar | EV | $^{194}$Au | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{195}$Hg | 80 | 115 | 194,966720(25) | 10,53(3) uur | β$^+$ | $^{195}$Au | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{195m}$Hg | 176,07(4) keV | 176,07(4) keV | 176,07(4) keV | 41,6(8) uur | IT (54,2%) | $^{195}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{195m}$Hg | 176,07(4) keV | 176,07(4) keV | 176,07(4) keV | 41,6(8) uur | β$^+$ (45,8%) | $^{195}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{196}$Hg | 80 | 116 | 195,965833(3) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 0$^+$ | 0,0015(1) |
| $^{197}$Hg | 80 | 117 | 196,967213(3) | 64,14(5) uur | EV | $^{197}$Au | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{197m}$Hg | 298,93(8) keV | 298,93(8) keV | 298,93(8) keV | 23,8(1) uur | IT (91,4%) | $^{197}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{197m}$Hg | 298,93(8) keV | 298,93(8) keV | 298,93(8) keV | 23,8(1) uur | EV (8,6%) | $^{197}$Au | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{198}$Hg | 80 | 118 | 197,9667690(4) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 0$^+$ | 0,0997(20) |
| $^{199}$Hg | 80 | 119 | 198,9682799(4) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 1/2$^−$ | 0,1687(22) |
| $^{199m}$Hg | 532,48(10) keV | 532,48(10) keV | 532,48(10) keV | 42,66(8) min | IT | $^{199}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{200}$Hg | 80 | 120 | 199,9683260(4) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 0$^+$ | 0,2310(19) |
| $^{201}$Hg | 80 | 121 | 200,9703023(6) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 3/2$^−$ | 0,1318(9) |
| $^{201m}$Hg | 766,22(15) keV | 766,22(15) keV | 766,22(15) keV | 94(3) µs | | | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{202}$Hg | 80 | 122 | 201,9706430(6) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 0$^+$ | 0,2986(26) |
| $^{203}$Hg | 80 | 123 | 202,9728725(18) | 46,595(6) dagen | β$^−$ | $^{203}$Tl | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{203m}$Hg | 933,14(23) keV | 933,14(23) keV | 933,14(23) keV | 24(4) µs | | | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{204}$Hg | 80 | 124 | 203,9734939(4) | stabiel | stabiel | stabiel | 0$^+$ | 0,0687(15) |
| $^{205}$Hg | 80 | 125 | 204,976073(4) | 5,14(9) min | β$^−$ | $^{205}$Tl | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{205m}$Hg | 1556,40(17) keV | 1556,40(17) keV | 1556,40(17) keV | 1,09(4) ms | IT | $^{205}$Hg | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{206}$Hg | 80 | 126 | 205,977514(22) | 8,15(10) min | β$^−$ | $^{206}$Tl | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{207}$Hg | 80 | 127 | 206,98259(16) | 2,9(2) min | β$^−$ | $^{207}$Tl | (9/2$^+$) | |
| $^{208}$Hg | 80 | 128 | 207,98594(32) | 42(5) min | β$^−$ | $^{208}$Tl | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{209}$Hg | 80 | 129 | 208,99104(21) | 37(8) s | | | 9/2$^+$ | |
| $^{210}$Hg | 80 | 130 | 209,99451(32) | 10 min | | | 0$^+$ | |

## Overzicht van isotopen per element

* (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
* (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
* (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
* (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
* (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
$^{171}$Hg · $^{172}$Hg · $^{173}$Hg · $^{174}$Hg · $^{175}$Hg · $^{176}$Hg · $^{177}$Hg · $^{178}$Hg · $^{179}$Hg · $^{180}$Hg · $^{181}$Hg · $^{181m}$Hg · $^{182}$Hg · $^{183}$Hg · $^{183m1}$Hg · $^{183m2}$Hg · $^{184}$Hg · $^{185}$Hg · $^{185m}$Hg · $^{186}$Hg · $^{186m}$Hg · $^{187}$Hg · $^{187m}$Hg · $^{188}$Hg · $^{188m}$Hg · $^{189}$Hg · $^{189m}$Hg · $^{190}$Hg · $^{191}$Hg · $^{191m}$Hg · $^{192}$Hg · $^{193}$Hg · $^{193m}$Hg · $^{194}$Hg · $^{195}$Hg · $^{195m}$Hg · $^{196}$Hg · $^{197}$Hg · $^{197m}$Hg · $^{198}$Hg · $^{199}$Hg · $^{199m}$Hg · $^{200}$Hg · $^{201}$Hg · $^{201m}$Hg · $^{202}$Hg · $^{203}$Hg · $^{203m}$Hg · $^{204}$Hg · $^{205}$Hg · $^{205m}$Hg · $^{206}$Hg · $^{207}$Hg · $^{208}$Hg · $^{209}$Hg · $^{210}$Hg · $^{211}$Hg · $^{212}$Hg · $^{213}$Hg · $^{214}$Hg · $^{215}$Hg · $^{216}$Hg