# Isotopen van rutherfordium

Het chemisch element rutherfordium (Rf), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 262 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 15 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde). Van deze isotopen is het bestaan van $^{266}$Rf en $^{268}$Rf nog niet bevestigd.
In de natuur komt geen rutherfordium voor: alle isotopen zijn synthetisch bereid in een laboratorium. De eerste synthetische isotoop was $^{259}$Rf, in 1966.
De kortstlevende isotoop van rutherfordium is $^{254}$Rf, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 23 microseconden. De langstlevende is $^{267}$Rf, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 5 uur.

## Overzicht

| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | Kernspin |
| Kernspin |||
| $^{253}$Rf | 104 | 149 | 253,10069(49) | 13(5) ms | SS (51%) | (7/2$^+$) |
| $^{253}$Rf | 104 | 149 | 253,10069(49) | 13(5) ms | ${\ce {{^{253}_{104}Rf}->{^{249}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (49%) | (7/2$^+$) |
| $^{253m}$Rf | 200(150) keV | 200(150) keV | 200(150) keV | 52(14) µs | | (1/2$^−$) |
| $^{254}$Rf | 104 | 150 | 254,10018(31) | 23(3) µs | SS (99,7%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{254}$Rf | 104 | 150 | 254,10018(31) | 23(3) µs | ${\ce {{^{254}_{104}Rf}->{^{250}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (0,3%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{255}$Rf | 104 | 151 | 255,10134(19) | 1,64(11) s | SS (52%) | (9/2$^−$) |
| $^{255}$Rf | 104 | 151 | 255,10134(19) | 1,64(11) s | ${\ce {{^{255}_{104}Rf}->{^{251}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (48%) | (9/2$^−$) |
| $^{256}$Rf | 104 | 152 | 256,101166(26) | 6,45(14) ms | SS (96%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{256}$Rf | 104 | 152 | 256,101166(26) | 6,45(14) ms | ${\ce {{^{256}_{104}Rf}->{^{252}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (6%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{257}$Rf | 104 | 153 | 257,10299(11) | 4,7(3) s | ${\ce {{^{257}_{104}Rf}->{^{253}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (79%) | (1/2$^+$) |
| $^{257}$Rf | 104 | 153 | 257,10299(11) | 4,7(3) s | ${\ce {{^{257}_{104}Rf}->{^{257}_{103}Lr}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}$ | (1/2$^+$) |
| $^{257}$Rf | 104 | 153 | 257,10299(11) | 4,7(3) s | SS (2,4%) | (1/2$^+$) |
| $^{257m}$Rf | 114(17) keV | 114(17) keV | 114(17) keV | 3,9(4) s | | (11/2$^−$) |
| $^{258}$Rf | 104 | 154 | 258,10349(22) | 12(2) ms | SS (87%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{258}$Rf | 104 | 154 | 258,10349(22) | 12(2) ms | ${\ce {{^{258}_{104}Rf}->{^{254}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (13%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{259}$Rf | 104 | 155 | 259,10564(8) | 2,8(4) s | ${\ce {{^{259}_{104}Rf}->{^{255}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (93%) | 7/2$^+$ |
| $^{259}$Rf | 104 | 155 | 259,10564(8) | 2,8(4) s | SS (7%) | 7/2$^+$ |
| $^{259}$Rf | 104 | 155 | 259,10564(8) | 2,8(4) s | ${\ce {{^{259}_{104}Rf}->{^{259}_{103}Lr}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}$ | 7/2$^+$ |
| $^{260}$Rf | 104 | 156 | 260,10644(22) | 21(1) ms | SS (98%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{260}$Rf | 104 | 156 | 260,10644(22) | 21(1) ms | ${\ce {{^{260}_{104}Rf}->{^{256}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (2%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{261}$Rf | 104 | 157 | 261,10877(3) | 5,5(25) s | ${\ce {{^{261}_{104}Rf}->{^{257}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (76%) | 3/2$^+$ |
| $^{261}$Rf | 104 | 157 | 261,10877(3) | 5,5(25) s | ${\ce {{^{261}_{104}Rf}->{^{261}_{103}Lr}+{e^{+}}+{\nu }_{e}}}$ (14%) | 3/2$^+$ |
| $^{261}$Rf | 104 | 157 | 261,10877(3) | 5,5(25) s | SS (10%) | 3/2$^+$ |
| $^{261m}$Rf | 70(100) keV | 70(100) keV | 70(100) keV | 81(9) s | ${\ce {{^{261}_{104}Rf}->{^{261}_{105}Db}+{e^{-}}+{\bar {\nu }}_{e}}}$ | 9/2$^+$ |
| $^{261m}$Rf | 70(100) keV | 70(100) keV | 70(100) keV | 81(9) s | ${\ce {{^{261m}_{104}Rf}->{^{257}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (zelden) | 9/2$^+$ |
| $^{262}$Rf | 104 | 158 | 262,10993(30) | 2,3(4) s | SS (99,2%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{262}$Rf | 104 | 158 | 262,10993(30) | 2,3(4) s | ${\ce {{^{262}_{104}Rf}->{^{258}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (0,8%) | 0$^+$ |
| $^{262m}$Rf | 600(400) keV | 600(400) keV | 600(400) keV | 47(5) ms | SS | |
| $^{263}$Rf | 104 | 159 | 263,11255(20) | 11(3) min | SS (70%) | 3/2$^+$ |
| $^{263}$Rf | 104 | 159 | 263,11255(20) | 11(3) min | ${\ce {{^{263}_{104}Rf}->{^{259}_{102}No}+\,_{2}^{4}\alpha }}$ (30%) | 3/2$^+$ |
| $^{265}$Rf | 104 | 161 | | 2,5 min | SS | |
| $^{266}$Rf | 104 | 162 | 266,11796(58) | 10 uur | | 0$^+$ |
| $^{267}$Rf | 104 | 163 | 267,12153(62) | 5 uur | SS | |
| $^{268}$Rf | 104 | 164 | 268,12364(76) | 1 uur | | 0$^+$ |

## Overzicht van isotopen per element

* (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
* (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
* (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
* (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
* (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
$^{253}$Rf · $^{253m}$Rf · $^{254}$Rf · $^{255}$Rf · $^{256}$Rf · $^{257}$Rf · $^{257m}$Rf · $^{258}$Rf · $^{259}$Rf · $^{260}$Rf · $^{261}$Rf · $^{261m}$Rf · $^{262}$Rf · $^{262m}$Rf · $^{263}$Rf · $^{264}$Rf · $^{265}$Rf · $^{266}$Rf · $^{267}$Rf · $^{268}$Rf