# Isotopen van polonium

Het chemisch element polonium (Po), met een gemiddelde atoommassa voor natuurlijk voorkomend polonium van ongeveer 209,98 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 33 radio-isotopen hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd. In de natuur komen sporen van de radio-isotopen $^{210}$Po, $^{211}$Po, $^{212}$Po, $^{214}$Po, $^{215}$Po, $^{216}$Po en $^{218}$Po voor.
De kortstlevende isotoop van polonium is $^{188}$Po, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 430 microseconden. De langstlevende in de natuur voorkomende is $^{210}$Po, met een halfwaardetijd van 138,38 dagen. Deze isotoop komt voor als tussenproduct in de vervalreeks van uranium (uraanreeks). Het kunstmatig geproduceerde $^{209}$Po heeft de langste halfwaardetijd, namelijk 124 jaar.

## Overzicht

| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
| Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |||
| $^{188}$Po | 84 | 104 | 187,999422(21) | 430(180) µs | | | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{189}$Po | 84 | 105 | 188,998481(24) | 5(1) ms | | | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{190}$Po | 84 | 106 | 189,995101(14) | 2,46(5) ms | α (99,9%) | $^{186}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{190}$Po | 84 | 106 | 189,995101(14) | 2,46(5) ms | β$^+$ (0,1%) | $^{190}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{191}$Po | 84 | 107 | 190,994574(12) | 22(1) ms | α | $^{187}$Pb | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{191}$Po | 84 | 107 | 190,994574(12) | 22(1) ms | β$^+$ (zelden) | $^{191}$Bi | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{191m}$Po | 130(21) keV | 130(21) keV | 130(21) keV | 93(3) ms | | | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{192}$Po | 84 | 108 | 191,991335(13) | 32,2(3) ms | α (99%) | $^{188}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{192}$Po | 84 | 108 | 191,991335(13) | 32,2(3) ms | β$^+$ (1%) | $^{192}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{192m}$Po | 2600(500) keV | 2600(500) keV | 2600(500) keV | ± 1 µs | | | 12$^+$ | |
| $^{193}$Po | 84 | 109 | 192,99103(4) | 420(40) ms | α | $^{189}$Pb | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{193}$Po | 84 | 109 | 192,99103(4) | 420(40) ms | β$^+$ (zelden) | $^{193}$Bi | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{193m}$Po | 100(30) keV | 100(30) keV | 100(30) keV | 240(10) ms | α | $^{189}$Pb | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{193m}$Po | 100(30) keV | 100(30) keV | 100(30) keV | 240(10) ms | β$^+$ (zelden) | $^{193}$Bi | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{194}$Po | 84 | 110 | 193,988186(13) | 0,392(4) s | α | $^{190}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{194}$Po | 84 | 110 | 193,988186(13) | 0,392(4) s | β$^+$ (zelden) | $^{194}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{194m}$Po | 2525(2) keV | 2525(2) keV | 2525(2) keV | 15(2) µs | | | (11$^−$) | |
| $^{195}$Po | 84 | 111 | 194,98811(4) | 4,64(9) s | α (75%) | $^{191}$Pb | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{195}$Po | 84 | 111 | 194,98811(4) | 4,64(9) s | β$^+$ (25%) | $^{195}$Bi | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{195m}$Po | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 1,92(2) s | α (90%) | $^{191}$Pb | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{195m}$Po | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 1,92(2) s | β$^+$ (10%) | $^{195}$Bi | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{195m}$Po | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 110(50) keV | 1,92(2) s | IT (0,01%) | $^{195}$Po | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{196}$Po | 84 | 112 | 195,985535(14) | 5,56(12) s | α (94%) | $^{192}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{196}$Po | 84 | 112 | 195,985535(14) | 5,56(12) s | β$^+$ (6%) | $^{196}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{196m}$Po | 2490,5(17) keV | 2490,5(17) keV | 2490,5(17) keV | 850(90) ns | | | (11$^−$) | |
| $^{197}$Po | 84 | 113 | 196,98566(5) | 53,6(10) s | β$^+$ (54%) | $^{197}$Bi | (3/2$^−$) | |
| $^{197}$Po | 84 | 113 | 196,98566(5) | 53,6(10) s | α (44%) | $^{193}$Pb | (3/2$^−$) | |
| $^{197m}$Po | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 25,8(1) s | α (84%) | $^{193}$Pb | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{197m}$Po | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 25,8(1) s | β$^+$ (16%) | $^{197}$Bi | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{197m}$Po | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 230(80) keV | 25,8(1) s | IT (0,01%) | $^{197}$Po | (13/2$^+$) | |
| $^{198}$Po | 84 | 114 | 197,983389(19) | 1,77(3) min | α (57%) | $^{194}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{198}$Po | 84 | 114 | 197,983389(19) | 1,77(3) min | β$^+$ (43%) | $^{198}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{198m1}$Po | 2565,92(20) keV | 2565,92(20) keV | 2565,92(20) keV | 200(20) ns | | | 11$^−$ | |
| $^{198m2}$Po | 2691,86(20) keV | 2691,86(20) keV | 2691,86(20) keV | 750(50) ns | | | 12$^+$ | |
| $^{199}$Po | 84 | 115 | 198,983666(25) | 5,48(16) min | β$^+$ (92,5%) | $^{199}$Bi | (3/2$^−$) | |
| $^{199}$Po | 84 | 115 | 198,983666(25) | 5,48(16) min | α (7,5%) | $^{195}$Pb | (3/2$^−$) | |
| $^{199m}$Po | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 4,17(4) min | β$^+$ (73,5%) | $^{199}$Bi | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{199m}$Po | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 4,17(4) min | α (24%) | $^{195}$Pb | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{199m}$Po | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 312,0(28) keV | 4,17(4) min | IT (2,5%) | $^{199}$Po | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{200}$Po | 84 | 116 | 199,981799(15) | 11,5(1) min | β$^+$ (88,8%) | $^{200}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{200}$Po | 84 | 116 | 199,981799(15) | 11,5(1) min | α (11,1%) | $^{196}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{201}$Po | 84 | 117 | 200,982260(6) | 15,3(2) min | β$^+$ (98,4%) | $^{201}$Bi | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{201}$Po | 84 | 117 | 200,982260(6) | 15,3(2) min | α (1,6%) | $^{197}$Pb | 3/2$^−$ | |
| $^{201m}$Po | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 8,9(2) min | IT (56%) | $^{201}$Po | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{201m}$Po | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 8,9(2) min | EV (41%) | $^{201}$Bi | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{201m}$Po | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 424,1(24) keV | 8,9(2) min | α (2,9%) | $^{197}$Pb | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{202}$Po | 84 | 118 | 201,980758(16) | 44,7(5) min | β$^+$ (98%) | $^{202}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{202}$Po | 84 | 118 | 201,980758(16) | 44,7(5) min | α (2%) | $^{198}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{202m}$Po | 2626,7(7) keV | 2626,7(7) keV | 2626,7(7) keV | > 200 ns | | | 11$^−$ | |
| $^{203}$Po | 84 | 119 | 202,981420(28) | 36,7(5) min | β$^+$ (99,89%) | $^{203}$Bi | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{203}$Po | 84 | 119 | 202,981420(28) | 36,7(5) min | α (0,11%) | $^{199}$Pb | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{203m1}$Po | 641,49(17) keV | 641,49(17) keV | 641,49(17) keV | 45(2) s | IT (99,96%) | $^{203}$Po | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{203m1}$Po | 641,49(17) keV | 641,49(17) keV | 641,49(17) keV | 45(2) s | α (0,04%) | $^{199}$Pb | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{203m2}$Po | 2158,5(6) keV | 2158,5(6) keV | 2158,5(6) keV | > 200 ns | | | | |
| $^{204}$Po | 84 | 120 | 203,980318(12) | 3,53(2) uur | β$^+$ (99,33%) | $^{204}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{204}$Po | 84 | 120 | 203,980318(12) | 3,53(2) uur | α (0,66%) | $^{200}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{205}$Po | 84 | 121 | 204,981203(21) | 1,66(2) uur | β$^+$ (99,96%) | $^{205}$Bi | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{205}$Po | 84 | 121 | 204,981203(21) | 1,66(2) uur | α (0,04%) | $^{201}$Pb | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{205m1}$Po | 143,166(17) keV | 143,166(17) keV | 143,166(17) keV | 310(60) ns | | | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{205m2}$Po | 880,30(4) keV | 880,30(4) keV | 880,30(4) keV | 645 µs | | | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{205m3}$Po | 1461,21(21) keV | 1461,21(21) keV | 1461,21(21) keV | 57,4(9) ms | IT | $^{205}$Po | 19/2$^−$ | |
| $^{205m4}$Po | 3087,2(4) keV | 3087,2(4) keV | 3087,2(4) keV | 115(10) ns | | | 29/2$^−$ | |
| $^{206}$Po | 84 | 122 | 205,980481(9) | 8,8(1) dagen | β$^+$ (94,55%) | $^{206}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{206}$Po | 84 | 122 | 205,980481(9) | 8,8(1) dagen | α (5,45%) | $^{202}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{206m1}$Po | 1585,85(11) keV | 1585,85(11) keV | 1585,85(11) keV | 222(10) ns | | | (8$^+$) | |
| $^{206m2}$Po | 2262,22(14) keV | 2262,22(14) keV | 2262,22(14) keV | 1,05(6) µs | | | (9$^−$) | |
| $^{207}$Po | 84 | 123 | 206,981593(7) | 5,80(2) uur | β$^+$ (99,97%) | $^{207}$Bi | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{207}$Po | 84 | 123 | 206,981593(7) | 5,80(2) uur | α (0,021%) | $^{203}$Pb | 5/2$^−$ | |
| $^{207m1}$Po | 68,573(14) keV | 68,573(14) keV | 68,573(14) keV | 205(10) ns | | | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{207m2}$Po | 1115,073(16) keV | 1115,073(16) keV | 1115,073(16) keV | 49(4) µs | | | 13/2$^+$ | |
| $^{207m3}$Po | 1383,15(6) keV | 1383,15(6) keV | 1383,15(6) keV | 2,79(8) s | IT | $^{207}$Po | 19/2$^−$ | |
| $^{208}$Po | 84 | 124 | 207,9812457(19) | 2,898(2) jaar | α (99,99%) | $^{204}$Pb | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{208}$Po | 84 | 124 | 207,9812457(19) | 2,898(2) jaar | β$^+$ (0,00277%) | $^{208}$Bi | 0$^+$ | |
| $^{209}$Po | 84 | 125 | 208,9824304(20) | 124 jaar | α (99,52%) | $^{205}$Pb | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{209}$Po | 84 | 125 | 208,9824304(20) | 124 jaar | β$^+$ (0,48%) | $^{209}$Bi | 1/2$^−$ | |
| $^{210}$Po | 84 | 126 | 209,9828737(13) | 138,376(2) dagen | α | $^{206}$Pb | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{210m}$Po | 5057,61(4) keV | 5057,61(4) keV | 5057,61(4) keV | 263(5) ns | | | 16$^+$ | |
| $^{211}$Po | 84 | 127 | 210,9866532(14) | 0,516(3) s | α | $^{207}$Pb | 9/2$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{211m1}$Po | 1462(5) keV | 1462(5) keV | 1462(5) keV | 25,2(6) s | α (99,98%) | $^{207}$Pb | (25/2$^+$) | |
| $^{211m1}$Po | 1462(5) keV | 1462(5) keV | 1462(5) keV | 25,2(6) s | IT (0,016%) | $^{211}$Po | (25/2$^+$) | |
| $^{211m2}$Po | 2135,7(9) keV | 2135,7(9) keV | 2135,7(9) keV | 243(21) ns | | | (31/2$^−$) | |
| $^{211m3}$Po | 4873,3(17) keV | 4873,3(17) keV | 4873,3(17) keV | 2,8(7) µs | | | (43/2$^+$) | |
| $^{212}$Po | 84 | 128 | 211,9888680(13) | 299(2) ns | α | $^{208}$Pb | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{212m}$Po | 2911(12) keV | 2911(12) keV | 2911(12) keV | 45,1(6) s | α (99,93%) | $^{208}$Pb | (18$^+$) | |
| $^{212m}$Po | 2911(12) keV | 2911(12) keV | 2911(12) keV | 45,1(6) s | IT (0,07%) | $^{212}$Po | (18$^+$) | |
| $^{213}$Po | 84 | 129 | 212,992857(3) | 3,65(4) µs | α | $^{209}$Pb | 9/2$^+$ | |
| $^{214}$Po | 84 | 130 | 213,9952014(16) | 164,3(20) µs | α | $^{210}$Pb | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{215}$Po | 84 | 131 | 214,9994200(27) | 1,781(4) ms | α (99,99%) | $^{211}$Pb | 9/2$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{215}$Po | 84 | 131 | 214,9994200(27) | 1,781(4) ms | β$^−$ (2,3 × 10$^{−4}$%) | $^{215}$At | 9/2$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{216}$Po | 84 | 132 | 216,0019150(24) | 0,145(2) s | α | $^{212}$Pb | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{216}$Po | 84 | 132 | 216,0019150(24) | 0,145(2) s | β$^−$β$^−$ (rare) | $^{216}$Rn | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{217}$Po | 84 | 133 | 217,006335(7) | 1,47(5) s | α (95%) | $^{213}$Pb | 5/2$^+$ | |
| $^{217}$Po | 84 | 133 | 217,006335(7) | 1,47(5) s | β$^−$ (5%) | $^{217}$At | 5/2$^+$ | |
| $^{218}$Po | 84 | 134 | 218,0089730(26) | 3,10(1) min | α (99,98%) | $^{214}$Pb | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{218}$Po | 84 | 134 | 218,0089730(26) | 3,10(1) min | β$^−$ (0,02%) | $^{218}$At | 0$^+$ | sporen |
| $^{219}$Po | 84 | 135 | 219,01374(39) | 2 min | | | 7/2$^+$ | |
| $^{220}$Po | 84 | 136 | 220,01660(39) | 40 s | | | 0$^+$ | |

## Overzicht van isotopen per element

* (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
* (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
* (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
* (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
* (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
* ↑ S. Pommé, H. Stroh, L. Benedik (2015). Confirmation of 20% error in the $^{209}$Po half-life. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 97: 84-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.12.025.
$^{186}$Po · $^{187}$Po · $^{188}$Po · $^{189}$Po · $^{190}$Po · $^{191}$Po · $^{191m}$Po · $^{192}$Po · $^{192m}$Po · $^{193}$Po · $^{193m}$Po · $^{194}$Po · $^{194m}$Po · $^{195}$Po · $^{195m}$Po · $^{196}$Po · $^{196m}$Po · $^{197}$Po · $^{197m}$Po · $^{198}$Po · $^{198m1}$Po · $^{198m2}$Po · $^{199}$Po · $^{199m}$Po · $^{200}$Po · $^{201}$Po · $^{201m}$Po · $^{202}$Po · $^{202m}$Po · $^{203}$Po · $^{203m1}$Po · $^{203m2}$Po · $^{204}$Po · $^{205}$Po · $^{205m1}$Po · $^{205m2}$Po · $^{205m3}$Po · $^{205m4}$Po · $^{206}$Po · $^{206m1}$Po · $^{206m2}$Po · $^{207}$Po · $^{207m1}$Po · $^{207m2}$Po · $^{207m3}$Po · $^{208}$Po · $^{209}$Po · $^{210}$Po · $^{210m}$Po · $^{211}$Po · $^{211m1}$Po · $^{211m2}$Po · $^{211m3}$Po · $^{212}$Po · $^{212m}$Po · $^{213}$Po · $^{214}$Po · $^{215}$Po · $^{216}$Po · $^{217}$Po · $^{218}$Po · $^{219}$Po · $^{220}$Po · $^{221}$Po · $^{222}$Po · $^{223}$Po · $^{224}$Po · $^{225}$Po · $^{226}$Po · $^{227}$Po