# HTML for web document structures
## Obiettivi di apprendimento

* Be able to write simple HTML code having learned a few example elements of HTML (headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, links, anchors, emphasize, input fields; but also few dirty ones like italics, color,...)
* See that HTML really is just another simple mark up and has nothing to do with programming
* Be able to structure web Content using HTML and create pages following a specified structure.

## Trascrizione

In the previous lecture we have seen how to structure content using XML. The core idea was that we write down what the content is about, e.g. a record or an artist, and how such content may be structured, e.g. that a record stores something that an artist created. Thus the XML document that we created structured the content in a way that was rather independent of its use. One piece of software may use it to answer database queries. Another piece of software may use it to ship data from one database to another. And, finally our browser may use the structure to display the content. The browser can do so, but the resulting display does not look very nice yet, hence we undertook the effort in the previous lesson to transform the XML document into some HTML document that could be displayed in a much nicer way.
But, how is the resulting HTML document related to XML? Actually, the result is also an XML document. But the result is a document that does not talk about entities like artists, but about entities like headings, lists, list items, emphasized pieces of texts, and so on. Thus, HTML is really a kind of XML subdialect, one also calls it an application of XML, that has standard element names for document structures and not for almost arbitrary content structures.
Minimal HTML document
What are some sample categories are relevant for document structure?
* headings
* paragraphs
* lists
* emphasizing of text
* tables
The core idea is that elements define a structure and attributes provide additional information.
You may interactively type the HTML code examples into http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_br and immediately display the result by submitting your HTML code.

## Discussioni

* Ethernet
** Communication over a shared Medium
** Ethernet header
** Minimum package length vs maximum cable length
** Collision detection
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Internet Protocol
** Motivation for IP
** Classful IPv4 networks
** IP forwarding algorithm
** IP header
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Transmission Control Protocol
** End to end principle and connection oriented communication
** Three way handshake
** Port numbers
** Sliding window and flow control
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Domain Name System
** Tree structure
** Terminology
** Zones
** Review some facts about DNS
** Delegating DNS queries
** DNS address resolution
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Internet vs World Wide Web
** Summary of the internet architecture
** Motivation and requirements for the World Wide Web
** Design principles of the web
** Uniform Resource Identifier
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Hypertext Transfer Protocol
** Making HTTP requests
** A simple web client
** A simple web server
** HTTP header
** Content negotiation
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Web content
** Problem setting for web content formats
** Working with XML
** HTML for web document structures
** Layout elements in HTML
** Motivating separation of content and layout
** Cascading Style Sheets
** Media content
** Metadata
** Summary, further reading, homework
* Dynamic Web Content
** Basics of server side web programming
** Forms and HTTP post request
** Handling a post request in a Java Servlet
** Client side JavaScript
** Ajax and the XMLHttpRequest class
** Summary, further reading, homework