# Lamprophiidae

I Lamprofidi (Lamprophiidae Fitzinger, 1843) sono una famiglia di serpenti, diffusi prevalentemente in Africa.

## Distribuzione e habitat

La famiglia è diffusa prevalentemente nel continente africano, con 18 generi endemici del Madagascar (Alluaudina, Brygophis, Compsophis, Dromicodryas, Elapotinus, Heteroliodon, Ithycyphus, Langaha, Leioheterodon, Liopholidophis, Madagascarophis, Micropisthodon, Mimophis, Pararhadinaea, Parastenophis, Phisalixella, Pseudoxyrhopus e Thamnosophis). Alcune specie (p.es. Malpolon spp., Micrelaps spp., Psammophis spp.) estendono il loro areale all'Europa meridionale, al Medio Oriente e al subcontinente indiano.

## Tassonomia

Tradizionalmente questo raggruppamento veniva considerato una sottofamiglia (Lamprophiinae) della famiglia Colubridae.
Recentemente è stata elevata al rango di famiglia a sé stante, suddivisa a sua volta in 7 sottofamiglie che raggruppano i seguenti generi e specie:
* Sottofamiglia Aparallactinae Bourgeois, 1968
** Genere Amblyodipsas Peters, 1857
*** Amblyodipsas concolor (Smith, 1849)
*** Amblyodipsas dimidiata (Günther, 1888)
*** Amblyodipsas katangensis De Witte & Laurent, 1942
*** Amblyodipsas microphthalma (Bianconi, 1852)
*** Amblyodipsas polylepis (Bocage, 1873)
*** Amblyodipsas rodhaini (De Witte, 1930)
*** Amblyodipsas teitana (Loveridge, 1936
*** Amblyodipsas unicolor (Reinhardt, 1843)
*** Amblyodipsas ventrimaculata (Roux, 1907)
** Genere Aparallactus Smith, 1849
*** Aparallactus capensis Smith, 1849
*** Aparallactus guentheri Boulenger, 1895
*** Aparallactus jacksonii (Günther, 1888)
*** Aparallactus lineatus (Peters, 1870)
*** Aparallactus lunulatus (Peters, 1854)
*** Aparallactus modestus (Günther, 1859)
*** Aparallactus moeruensis De Witte & Laurent, 1943
*** Aparallactus niger Boulenger, 1897
*** Aparallactus nigriceps (Peters, 1854)
*** Aparallactus turneri Loveridge, 1935
*** Aparallactus werneri Boulenger, 1895
** Genere Brachyophis Mocquard, 1888
*** Brachyophis revoili Mocquard, 1888
** Genere Chilorhinophis Werner, 1907
*** Chilorhinophis butleri Werner, 1907
*** Chilorhinophis carpenteri (Parker, 1927)
*** Chilorhinophis gerardi (Boulenger, 1913)
** Genere Hypoptophis Boulenger, 1908
*** Hypoptophis wilsonii Boulenger, 1908
** Genere Macrelaps Boulenger, 1896
*** Macrelaps microlepidotus (Günther, 1860)
** Genere Micrelaps Boettger, 1880
*** Micrelaps bicoloratus Sternfeld, 1908
*** Micrelaps boettgeri Boulenger, 1896
*** Micrelaps muelleri Boettger, 1880
*** Micrelaps tchernovi Werner, Babocsay, Carmely & Thuna, 2006
*** Micrelaps vaillanti (Mocquard, 1888)
** Genere Polemon Jan, 1858
*** Polemon acanthias (Reinhardt, 1860)
*** Polemon barthii Jan, 1858
*** Polemon bocourti Mocquard, 1897
*** Polemon christyi (Boulenger, 1903)
*** Polemon collaris (Peters, 1881)
*** Polemon fulvicollis (Mocquard, 1887)
*** Polemon gabonensis (Duméril, 1856)
*** Polemon gracilis (Boulenger, 1911)
*** Polemon griseiceps (Laurent, 1947)
*** Polemon leopoldi (De Witte, 1941)
*** Polemon neuwiedi (Jan, 1858)
*** Polemon notatus (Peters, 1882)
*** Polemon robustus De Witte & Laurent, 1947
** Genere Xenocalamus Günther, 1868
*** Xenocalamus bicolor Günther, 1868
*** Xenocalamus mechowii Peters, 1881
*** Xenocalamus michellii Müller, 1911
*** Xenocalamus sabiensis Broadley, 1971
*** Xenocalamus transvaalensis Methuen, 1919
* Sottofamiglia Atractaspidinae Günther, 1858
** Genere Atractaspis Smith, 1849
*** Atractaspis andersonii Boulenger, 1905
*** Atractaspis aterrima Günther, 1863
*** Atractaspis bibronii Smith, 1849
*** Atractaspis boulengeri Mocquard, 1897
*** Atractaspis congica Peters, 1877
*** Atractaspis corpulenta (Hallowell, 1854)
*** Atractaspis dahomeyensis Bocage, 1887
*** Atractaspis duerdeni Gough, 1907
*** Atractaspis engaddensis Haas, 1950
*** Atractaspis engdahli Lönnberg & Andersson, 1913
*** Atractaspis fallax Peters, 1867
*** Atractaspis irregularis (Reinhardt, 1843)
*** Atractaspis leucomelas Boulenger, 1895
*** Atractaspis magrettii Scortecci, 1928
*** Atractaspis microlepidota Günther, 1866
*** Atractaspis micropholis Günther, 1872
*** Atractaspis phillipsi Barbour, 1913
*** Atractaspis reticulata Sjöstedt, 1896
*** Atractaspis scorteccii Parker, 1949
*** Atractaspis watsoni Boulenger, 1908
** Genere Homoroselaps Jan, 1858
*** Homoroselaps dorsalis (Smith, 1849)
*** Homoroselaps lacteus (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Sottofamiglia Lamprophiinae Fitzinger, 1843
** Genere Boaedon Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854
*** Boaedon fuliginosus (Boie, 1827)
*** Boaedon lineatus Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854
*** Boaedon maculatus Parker, 1932
*** Boaedon olivaceus (Duméril, 1856)
*** Boaedon virgatus (Hallowell, 1854)
** Genere Bothrolycus Günther, 1874
*** Bothrolycus ater Günther, 1874
** Genere Bothrophthalmus Peters, 1863
*** Bothrophthalmus brunneus Günther, 1863
*** Bothrophthalmus lineatus (Peters, 1863)
** Genere Chamaelycus Boulenger, 1919
*** Chamaelycus christyi Boulenger, 1919
*** Chamaelycus fasciatus (Günther, 1858)
*** Chamaelycus parkeri (Angel, 1934)
*** Chamaelycus werneri (Mocquard, 1902)
** Genere Dendrolycus Laurent, 1956
*** Dendrolycus elapoides (Günther, 1874)
** Genere Gonionotophis Boulenger, 1893
*** Gonionotophis brussauxi (Mocquard, 1889)
*** Gonionotophis capensis (Smith, 1847)
*** Gonionotophis crossi (Boulenger, 1895)
*** Gonionotophis egbensis (Dunger, 1966)
*** Gonionotophis gabouensis (Trape & Mané, 2005)
*** Gonionotophis grantii (Günther, 1863)
*** Gonionotophis guirali (Mocquard, 1887)
*** Gonionotophis klingi Matschie, 1893
*** Gonionotophis laurenti (De Witte, 1959)
*** Gonionotophis nyassae (Günther, 1888)
*** Gonionotophis poensis (Smith, 1849)
*** Gonionotophis savorgnani (Mocquard, 1887)
*** Gonionotophis stenophthalmus (Mocquard, 1887)
*** Gonionotophis unicolor (Boulenger, 1910)
*** Gonionotophis vernayi Bogert, 1940)
** Genere Hormonotus Hallowell, 1857
*** Hormonotus modestus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
** Genere Inyoka Kelly et al., 2011
*** Inyoka swazicus (Schaefer, 1970)
** Genere Lamprophis Fitzinger, 1843
*** Lamprophis abyssinicus Mocquard, 1906
*** Lamprophis aurora (Linnaeus, 1758)
*** Lamprophis capensis (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Lamprophis erlangeri (Sternfeld, 1908)
*** Lamprophis fiskii Boulenger, 1887
*** Lamprophis fuscus Boulenger, 1893
*** Lamprophis geometricus (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Lamprophis guttatus (Smith, 1843)
** Genere Lycodonomorphus Fitzinger, 1843
*** Lycodonomorphus bicolor (Günther, 1893)
*** Lycodonomorphus inornatus (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Lycodonomorphus laevissimus (Günther, 1862)
*** Lycodonomorphus leleupi (Laurent, 1950)
*** Lycodonomorphus rufulus (Lichtenstein, 1823)
*** Lycodonomorphus subtaeniatus Laurent, 1954
*** Lycodonomorphus whytii (Boulenger, 1897)
** Genere Lycophidion Fitzinger, 1843
*** Lycophidion acutirostre Günther, 1868
*** Lycophidion albomaculatum Steindachner, 1870
*** Lycophidion capense (Smith, 1831)
*** Lycophidion depressirostre Laurent, 1968
*** Lycophidion hellmichi Laurent, 1964
*** Lycophidion irroratum (Leach, 1819)
*** Lycophidion laterale Hallowell, 1857
*** Lycophidion meleagris Boulenger, 1893
*** Lycophidion multimaculatum Boettger, 1888
*** Lycophidion namibianum Broadley, 1991
*** Lycophidion nanus (Broadley, 1958)
*** Lycophidion nigromaculatum (Peters, 1863)
*** Lycophidion ornatum Parker, 1936
*** Lycophidion pembanum (Laurent, 1968)
*** Lycophidion pygmaeum Broadley, 1996
*** Lycophidion semiannule Peters, 1854
*** Lycophidion semicinctum Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854
*** Lycophidion taylori Broadley & Hughes, 1993
*** Lycophidion uzungwense Loveridge, 1932
*** Lycophidion variegatum Broadley, 1969
** Genere Pseudoboodon Peracca, 1897
*** Pseudoboodon boehmei Rasmussen & Largen, 1992
*** Pseudoboodon gascae Peracca, 1897
*** Pseudoboodon lemniscatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
*** Pseudoboodon sandfordorum Spawls, 2004
* Sottofamiglia Prosymninae Kelly, Barker, Villet & Broadley, 2009
** Genere Prosymna Gray, 1849
*** Prosymna ambigua Bocage, 1873
*** Prosymna angolensis Boulenger, 1915
*** Prosymna bivittata Werner, 1903
*** Prosymna frontalis (Peters, 1867)
*** Prosymna greigerti Mocquard, 1906
*** Prosymna janii Bianconi, 1862
*** Prosymna lineata (Peters, 1871)
*** Prosymna meleagris (Reinhardt, 1843)
*** Prosymna ornatissima Barbour & Loveridge, 1928
*** Prosymna pitmani Battersby, 1951
*** Prosymna ruspolii (Boulenger, 1896)
*** Prosymna semifasciata Broadley, 1995
*** Prosymna somalica Parker, 1930
*** Prosymna stuhlmanni (Pfeffer, 1893)
*** Prosymna sundevalli (Smith, 1849)
*** Prosymna visseri Fitzsimons, 1959
* Sottofamiglia Psammophiinae Dowling, 1967
** Genere Dipsina Jan, 1862
*** Dipsina multimaculata (Smith, 1847)
** Genere Hemirhagerrhis Boettger, 1893
*** Hemirhagerrhis hildebrandtii (Peters, 1878)
*** Hemirhagerrhis kelleri Boettger, 1893
*** Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia (Günther, 1864)
*** Hemirhagerrhis viperina (Bocage, 1873)
** Genere Malpolon Fitzinger, 1826
*** Malpolon insignitus (Geoffroy De St-Hilaire, 1809)
*** Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann, 1804)
** Genere Mimophis Günther, 1868
*** Mimophis mahfalensis (Grandidier, 1867)
** Genere Psammophis Fitzinger, 1826
*** Psammophis aegyptius Marx, 1958
*** Psammophis angolensis (Bocage, 1872)
*** Psammophis ansorgii Boulenger, 1905
*** Psammophis biseriatus Peters, 1881
*** Psammophis brevirostris Peters, 1881
*** Psammophis condanarus (Merrem, 1820)
*** Psammophis crucifer (Daudin, 1803)
*** Psammophis elegans (Shaw, 1802)
*** Psammophis indochinensis (Smith, 1943
*** Psammophis jallae Peracca, 1896
*** Psammophis leightoni Boulenger, 1902
*** Psammophis leithii Günther, 1869
*** Psammophis leopardinus Bocage, 1887
*** Psammophis lineatus (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854)
*** Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1836)
*** Psammophis longifrons Boulenger, 1896
*** Psammophis mossambicus Peters, 1882
*** Psammophis namibensis Broadley, 1975
*** Psammophis notostictus Peters, 1867
*** Psammophis orientalis Broadley, 1977
*** Psammophis phillipsi (Hallowell, 1844)
*** Psammophis praeornatus (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Psammophis pulcher Boulenger, 1895
*** Psammophis punctulatus Duméril & Bibron, 1854
*** Psammophis rukwae Broadley, 1966
*** Psammophis schokari (Forskal, 1775)
*** Psammophis sibilans (Linnaeus, 1758)
*** Psammophis subtaeniatus Peters, 1882
*** Psammophis sudanensis Werner, 1919
*** Psammophis tanganicus Loveridge, 1940
*** Psammophis trigrammus Günther, 1865
*** Psammophis trinasalis Werner, 1902
*** Psammophis zambiensis Hughes, 2002
** Genere Psammophylax Fitzinger, 1843
*** Psammophylax acutus (Günther, 1888)
*** Psammophylax rhombeatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
*** Psammophylax tritaeniatus (Günther, 1868)
*** Psammophylax variabilis Günther, 1893
** Genere Rhagerhis W.Peters, 1862
*** Rhagerhis moilensis (Reuss, 1834)
** Genere Rhamphiophis W.Peters, 1854
*** Rhamphiophis oxyrhynchus (Reinhardt, 1843)
*** Rhamphiophis rostratus Peters, 1854
*** Rhamphiophis rubropunctatus (Fischer, 1884)
* Sottofamiglia Pseudaspidinae Cope, 1893
** Genere Pseudaspis Fitzinger, 1843
*** Pseudaspis cana (Linnaeus, 1758)
** Genere Pythonodipsas Günther, 1868
*** Pythonodipsas carinata Günther, 1868
* Sottofamiglia Pseudoxyrhophiinae Dowling, 1975
** Genere Alluaudina Mocquard, 1894
*** Alluaudina bellyi Mocquard, 1894
*** Alluaudina mocquardi Angel, 1939
** Genere Amplorhinus Smith, 1847
*** Amplorhinus multimaculatus Smith, 1847
** Genere Brygophis Domergue & Bour, 1989
*** Brygophis coulangesi (Domergue, 1988)
** Genere Compsophis Mocquard, 1894
*** Compsophis albiventris Mocquard, 1894
*** Compsophis boulengeri (Peracca, 1892)
*** Compsophis fatsibe (Mercurio & Andreone, 2005)
*** Compsophis infralineatus (Günther, 1882)
*** Compsophis laphystius (Cadle, 1996)
*** Compsophis vinckei (Domergue, 1988)
*** Compsophis zeny (Cadle, 1996)
** Genere Ditypophis Günther, 1881
*** Ditypophis vivax Günther, 1881
** Genere Dromicodryas Boulenger, 1893
*** Dromicodryas bernieri (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Dromicodryas quadrilineatus (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
** Genere Duberria Fitzinger, 1826
*** Duberria lutrix (Linnaeus, 1758)
*** Duberria shirana (Boulenger, 1894)
*** Duberria variegata (Peters, 1854)
** Genere Elapotinus Jan, 1862
*** Elapotinus picteti Jan, 1862
** Genere Heteroliodon Boettger, 1913
*** Heteroliodon fohy Glaw, Vences & Nussbaum, 2005
*** Heteroliodon lava Nussbaum & Raxworthy, 2000
*** Heteroliodon occipitalis (Boulenger, 1896)
** Genere Ithycyphus Günther, 1873
*** Ithycyphus blanci Domergue, 1988
*** Ithycyphus goudoti (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Ithycyphus miniatus (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Ithycyphus oursi Domergue, 1986
*** Ithycyphus perineti Domergue, 1986
** Genere Langaha Bonnaterre, 1790
*** Langaha alluaudi Mocquard, 1901
*** Langaha madagascariensis Bonaterre, 1790
*** Langaha pseudoalluaudi Domergue, 1988
** Genere Leioheterodon Boulenger, 1893
*** Leioheterodon geayi (Mocquard, 1905)
*** Leioheterodon madagascariensis (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Leioheterodon modestus (Günther, 1863)
** Genere Liophidium Boulenger, 1896
*** Liophidium apperti Domergue, 1984
*** Liophidium chabaudi Domergue, 1984
*** Liophidium maintikibo Franzen, Jones, Raselimanana, Nagy, C'Cruze, Glaw & Vences, 2009
*** Liophidium mayottensis (Peters, 1874)
*** Liophidium pattoni Vieites, Ratsoavina, Randrianiaina, Nagy, Glaw & Vences, 2010
*** Liophidium rhodogaster (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Liophidium therezieni Domergue, 1984
*** Liophidium torquatum (Boulenger, 1888)
*** Liophidium trilineatum Boulenger, 1896
*** Liophidium vaillanti (Mocquard, 1901)
** Genere Liopholidophis Mocquard, 1904
*** Liopholidophis baderi Glaw, Kucharzewski, Nagy, Hawlitschek & Vences, 2013
*** Liopholidophis dimorphus Glaw, Nagy, Franzen & VenceS, 2007
*** Liopholidophis dolicocercus (Peracca, 1892)
*** Liopholidophis grandidieri Mocquard, 1904
*** Liopholidophis oligolepis Glaw, Kucharzewski, Nagy, Hawlitschek & Vences, 2013
*** Liopholidophis rhadinaea Cadle, 1996
*** Liopholidophis sexlineatus (Günther, 1882)
*** Liopholidophis varius (Fischer, 1884)
** Genere Lycodryas Günther, 1879
*** Lycodryas carleti (Domergue, 1995)
*** Lycodryas citrinus (Domergue, 1995)
*** Lycodryas cococola Hawlitschek, Nagy & Glaw, 2012
*** Lycodryas gaimardi (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Lycodryas granuliceps (Boettger, 1877)
*** Lycodryas guentheri (Boulenger, 1896)
*** Lycodryas inopinae (Domergue, 1995)
*** Lycodryas inornatus (Boulenger, 1896)
*** Lycodryas maculatus (Günther, 1858)
*** Lycodryas pseudogranuliceps (Domergue, 1995)
** Genere Madagascarophis Mertens, 1952
*** Madagascarophis colubrinus (Schlegel, 1837)
*** Madagascarophis fuchsi Glaw, Kucharzewski, Köhler, Vences & Nagy, 2013
*** Madagascarophis meridionalis Domergue, 1987
*** Madagascarophis ocellatus Domergue, 1987
** Genere Micropisthodon Mocquard, 1894
*** Micropisthodon ochraceus Mocquard, 1894
** Genere Pararhadinaea Boettger, 1898
*** Pararhadinaea melanogaster Boettger, 1898
** Genere Parastenophis Nagy, Glaw & Vences, 2010
*** Parastenophis betsileanus (Günther, 1880)
** Genere Phisalixella Nagy, Glaw & Vences, 2010
*** Phisalixella arctifasciata (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Phisalixella iarakaensis (Domergue, 1994)
*** Phisalixella tulearensis (Domergue, 1995)
*** Phisalixella variabilis (Boulenger, 1896)
** Genere Pseudoxyrhopus Günther, 1881
*** Pseudoxyrhopus ambreensis Mocquard, 1895
*** Pseudoxyrhopus analabe Nussbaum, Andreone & Raxworthy, 1998
*** Pseudoxyrhopus ankafinaensis Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1994
*** Pseudoxyrhopus heterurus (Jan, 1863)
*** Pseudoxyrhopus imerinae (Günther, 1890)
*** Pseudoxyrhopus kely Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1994
*** Pseudoxyrhopus microps Günther, 1881
*** Pseudoxyrhopus oblectator Cadle, 1999
*** Pseudoxyrhopus quinquelineatus (Günther, 1881)
*** Pseudoxyrhopus sokosoko Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1994
*** Pseudoxyrhopus tritaeniatus Mocquard, 1894
** Genere Thamnosophis Jan, 1863
*** Thamnosophis epistibes (Cadle, 1996)
*** Thamnosophis infrasignatus (Günther, 1882)
*** Thamnosophis lateralis (Duméril & Bibron, 1854)
*** Thamnosophis martae (Glaw, Franzen & Vences, 2005)
*** Thamnosophis mavotenda (Glaw, Nagy, Köhler, Franzen & Vences, 2009
*** Thamnosophis stumpffi (Boettger, 1881)
* incertae sedis
** Genere Buhoma Ziegler, Vences, Glaw & Böhme, 1997
*** Buhoma depressiceps (Werner, 1897)
*** Buhoma procterae (Loveridge, 1922)
*** Buhoma vauerocegae (Tornier, 1902)
** Genere Montaspis Bourquin, 1991
*** Montaspis gilvomaculata Bourquin, 1991
** Genere Oxyrhabdium Boulenger, 1893
*** Oxyrhabdium leporinum (Günther, 1858)
*** Oxyrhabdium modestum (Duméril, 1853)
** Genere Psammodynastes Günther, 1858
*** Psammodynastes pictus Günther, 1858
*** Psammodynastes pulverulentus (Boie, 1827)