# Laurence Olivier

Laurence Kerr Olivier (1907ko maiatzaren 22 – 1989ko uztailaren 11) Ingalaterrako aktorea, zinema zuzendaria eta ekoizlea izan zen. Kritikagile askoren ustez, XX. mendeko aktorerik hoberena izan zen. Londresko West End antzokian lortu zuen fama. William Shakespeareren lana menderatzen tematuta eta Vivien Leigh bigarren emaztearengandik bereizteagatik erruak jota, lanean murgildu zen. Haren ibilaldian, 120 bat antzezlanetan eta ozta 60 filmetan parte hartu zuen, William Wyler edo Alfred Hitchcockekin lan eginez.
1926ean hasi zen aktore profesional gisa; 1937an Londresko Old Vic Theatre taldean sartu zen; aldi berean filmak egin zituen Alemanian, Britainia Handian eta Hollywooden. Bigarren Mundu Gerraren ondoren Shakespeareren antzerki lan batzuk egokitu zituen zinemarako. 1962an National Company taldeko zuzendari izendatu zuten eta antzerki lan klasikoak eta garai hartako egileen lanak aurkeztu zituen. Telebistan ere lan egin zuen eta Emmy saria irabazi zuen 1973an, 1975ean eta 1982an. 1944an Oscar berezia eman zioten; 1949an film hoberenari eta aktore hoberenari dagozkion Oscar sariak irabazi zituen eta 1979an ohorezko Oscar saria. 1982an Confessions of an Actor (Aktore baten aitormenak) oroitzapen liburua argitaratu zuen.

## Filmografia
### Zuzendaria

Taula honetan ikus daitezke zuzendutako filma bakoitzaren bi aktore, enpresa ekoizlea eta beste izenburuak (gaztelaniaz, frantsesez):
| Urtea | Filma | Aktoreak | Ekoizlea | Izenburuak (es,fr) |
| 1944 | Elizabethan Stage: Henry V | -- | -- | |
| 1944 | Henry V | Leslie Banks, Robert Helpmann | Two Cities Films | gaztelaniaz: Enrique V |
| 1946 | Henry V: The Battle Of Agincourt | -- | -- | |
| 1948 | Hamlet | Basil Sydney, Eileen Herlie | Two Cities Films | |
| 1955 | Richard III | Laurence Olivier, Ralph Richardson | -- | gaztelaniaz: Ricardo III |
| 1957 | The Prince and the Showgirl | Marilyn Monroe, Laurence Olivier | -- | gaztelaniaz: El príncipe y la corista frantsesez: Le Prince et la Danseuse |
| 1970 | Three Sisters | Alan Bates, Joan Plowright | -- | |

### Aktorea

Taula honetan ikus daitezke zuzendutako filma bakoitzaren zuzendaria, enpresa ekoizlea eta beste izenburuak (gaztelaniaz, frantsesez):
| Urtea | Filma | Zuzendaria | Ekoizlea | Izenburuak (es,fr) |
| 1930 | Hokuspokus | Gustav Ucicky | UFA | |
| 1930 | Too Many Crooks | George King | -- | |
| 1930 | The Temporary Widow | Gustav Ucicky | UFA | frantsesez: La Veuve temporaire |
| 1931 | The Yellow Ticket | Raoul Walsh | Fox Film Corporation | gaztelaniaz: El carnet amarillo frantsesez: Le Passeport jaune |
| 1931 | Friends and Lovers | Victor Schertzinger | RKO Pictures | gaztelaniaz: ¿Amigos o rivales? frantsesez: Le Sphinx a parlé |
| 1932 | Westward Passage | Robert Milton | RKO Pictures | gaztelaniaz: Divorcio por amor |
| 1933 | Perfect Understanding | Cyril Gardner | -- | frantsesez: Le Parfait Accord |
| 1933 | No Funny Business | Victor Hanbury | -- | frantsesez: Ce n'est pas drôle |
| 1935 | Moscow Nights | Anthony Asquith | London Films | gaztelaniaz: Noches moscovitas |
| 1936 | Conquest of the Air | Zoltan Korda | -- | frantsesez: La Conquête de l'air |
| 1936 | As You Like It | Paul Czinner | 20th Century Studios | gaztelaniaz: Como gustéis frantsesez: Comme il vous plaira |
| 1937 | Fire Over England | William K. Howard | London Films | frantsesez: L'Invincible Armada |
| 1938 | The Divorce of Lady X | Tim Whelan | London Films | gaztelaniaz: El divorcio de la señorita X frantsesez: Le Divorce de Lady X |
| 1939 | Q Planes | Tim Whelan | -- | gaztelaniaz: Ondas misteriosas frantsesez: Armes secrètes |
| 1939 | Wuthering Heights | William Wyler | Samuel Goldwyn Productions | gaztelaniaz: Cumbres borrascosas frantsesez: Les Hauts de Hurlevent |
| 1940 | Pride and Prejudice | Robert Z. Leonard | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | gaztelaniaz: Más fuerte que el orgullo frantsesez: Orgueil et Préjugés |
| 1940 | 21 Days | Basil Dean | London Films | gaztelaniaz: Veintiún días juntos frantsesez: Vingt et un jours ensemble |
| 1940 | Rebecca | Alfred Hitchcock | Selznick International Pictures | |
| 1941 | 49th Parallel | Michael Powell | -- | frantsesez: 49e Parallèle |
| 1941 | That Hamilton Woman | Alexander Korda | London Films | gaztelaniaz: Lady Hamilton frantsesez: Lady Hamilton |
| 1943 | The Demi-Paradise | Anthony Asquith | Two Cities Films | gaztelaniaz: Casi un paraíso frantsesez: L'Étranger |
| 1944 | The Volunteer | Michael Powell | -- | |
| 1944 | Henry V | Laurence Olivier | Two Cities Films | gaztelaniaz: Enrique V |
| 1944 | This Happy Breed | David Lean | -- | frantsesez: Heureux Mortels |
| 1948 | Hamlet | Laurence Olivier | Two Cities Films | |
| 1951 | The Magic Box | John Boulting | -- | frantsesez: La Boîte magique |
| 1952 | Carrie | William Wyler | Paramount Pictures | gaztelaniaz: Carrie (película de 1952) frantsesez: Un amour désespéré |
| 1953 | A Queen Is Crowned | Michael Waldman | -- | gaztelaniaz: Ceremonial de una coronación frantsesez: Une reine est couronnée |
| 1953 | The Beggar's Opera | Peter Brook | -- | frantsesez: L'Opéra des gueux |
| 1955 | Richard III | Laurence Olivier | -- | gaztelaniaz: Ricardo III |
| 1957 | The Prince and the Showgirl | Laurence Olivier | -- | gaztelaniaz: El príncipe y la corista frantsesez: Le Prince et la Danseuse |
| 1959 | The Moon and Sixpence | Robert Mulligan | NBC | |
| 1959 | The Devil's Disciple | Guy Hamilton | Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions | gaztelaniaz: El discípulo del diablo frantsesez: Au fil de l'épée |
| 1960 | Spartacus | Stanley Kubrick | Bryna Productions | gaztelaniaz: Espartaco |
| 1960 | The Entertainer | Tony Richardson | -- | gaztelaniaz: El animador frantsesez: Le Cabotin |
| 1962 | Term of Trial | Peter Glenville | John and James Woolf | gaztelaniaz: Escándalo en las aulas frantsesez: Le Verdict |
| 1963 | Uncle Vanya | Stuart Burge | -- | |
| 1965 | Bunny Lake Is Missing | Otto Preminger | -- | gaztelaniaz: El rapto de Bunny Lake frantsesez: Bunny Lake a disparu |
| 1965 | Othello | Stuart Burge | -- | gaztelaniaz: Otelo |
| 1966 | Khartoum | Basil Dearden | -- | gaztelaniaz: Kartum |
| 1968 | Romeo and Juliet | Franco Zeffirelli | -- | gaztelaniaz: Romeo y Julieta frantsesez: Roméo et Juliette |
| 1968 | The Shoes of the Fisherman | Michael Anderson | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | gaztelaniaz: Las sandalias del pescador frantsesez: Les Souliers de saint Pierre |
| 1969 | Oh! What a Lovely War | Richard Attenborough | -- | gaztelaniaz: ¡Oh, qué guerra tan bonita! frantsesez: Ah Dieu ! que la guerre est jolie |
| 1969 | Battle of Britain | Guy Hamilton | -- | gaztelaniaz: La batalla de Inglaterra frantsesez: La Bataille d'Angleterre |
| 1969 | David Copperfield | Delbert Mann | 20th Century Fox Television | gaztelaniaz: Charles Dickens' David Copperfield |
| 1969 | Dance of Death | David Giles | -- | gaztelaniaz: The Dance of Death |
| 1970 | Three Sisters | Laurence Olivier | -- | |
| 1971 | Nicholas and Alexandra | Franklin J. Schaffner | Columbia Pictures | gaztelaniaz: Nicolás y Alejandra frantsesez: Nicolas et Alexandra |
| 1972 | Sleuth | Joseph L. Mankiewicz | -- | gaztelaniaz: La huella frantsesez: Le Limier |
| 1972 | Lady Caroline Lamb | Robert Bolt | Vides Cinematografica | gaztelaniaz: Los amores de Lady Caroline frantsesez: La Vie tumultueuse de Lady Caroline Lamb |
| 1973 | Long Day's Journey into Night | Peter Wood | -- | |
| 1973 | The Merchant of Venice | John Sichel | -- | |
| 1974 | The Rehearsal | Jules Dassin | -- | |
| 1975 | Love Among the Ruins | George Cukor | American Broadcasting Company | gaztelaniaz: El amor en ruinas frantsesez: Il neige au printemps |
| 1976 | The Collection | Michael Apted | -- | |
| 1976 | The Seven-Per-Cent Solution | Herbert Ross | -- | frantsesez: Sherlock Holmes attaque l'Orient-Express |
| 1976 | Marathon Man | John Schlesinger | Paramount Pictures | |
| 1977 | A Bridge Too Far | Richard Attenborough | -- | frantsesez: Un pont trop loin |
| 1977 | Jesus of Nazareth | Franco Zeffirelli | -- | frantsesez: Jésus de Nazareth |
| 1978 | The Betsy | Daniel Petrie | -- | gaztelaniaz: La saga de los Hardeman frantsesez: Betsy |
| 1978 | The Boys from Brazil | Franklin J. Schaffner | ITC Entertainment | gaztelaniaz: Los niños del Brasil frantsesez: Ces garçons qui venaient du Brésil |
| 1978 | Come Back, Little Sheba | Silvio Narizzano | -- | |
| 1979 | A Little Romance | George Roy Hill | Orion Pictures | gaztelaniaz: Un pequeño romance frantsesez: I Love You, je t'aime |
| 1979 | Dracula | John Badham | Universal Pictures | gaztelaniaz: Drácula |
| 1980 | The Jazz Singer | Richard Fleischer | EMI Films | frantsesez: Le Chanteur de jazz |
| 1981 | Inchon | Terence Young | -- | |
| 1981 | Clash of the Titans | Desmond Davis | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | gaztelaniaz: Furia de titanes frantsesez: Le Choc des Titans |
| 1983 | Mr. Halpern and Mr. Johnson | Alvin Rakoff | -- | |
| 1983 | King Lear | Michael Elliott | -- | gaztelaniaz: El Rey Lear |
| 1984 | The Last Days of Pompeii | Peter R. Hunt | -- | gaztelaniaz: Los últimos días de Pompeya (serie de televisión) frantsesez: Les Derniers Jours de Pompéi |
| 1984 | The Bounty | Roger Donaldson | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | frantsesez: Le Bounty |
| 1984 | Terror in the Aisles | Andrew J. Kuehn | -- | frantsesez: Terreur dans la salle |
| 1984 | The Ebony Tower | Robert Knights | -- | |
| 1984 | A Talent for Murder | Alvin Rakoff | -- | |
| 1985 | Wild Geese II | Peter R. Hunt | -- | gaztelaniaz: Patos salvajes 2 frantsesez: Les Oies sauvages 2 |
| 1986 | Lost Empires | Alan Grint | -- | gaztelaniaz: Los imperios perdidos |
| 1986 | Peter the Great | Marvin J. Chomsky | -- | frantsesez: Pierre le Grand |
| 1988 | The Making of a Legend: Gone with the Wind | David Hinton | -- | gaztelaniaz: La realización de un clásico: 'Lo que el viento se llevó' |
| 1989 | War Requiem | Derek Jarman | -- | |
| 2000 | The Filth and the Fury | Julien Temple | Film4 | frantsesez: L'Obscénité et la Fureur |
| 2004 | Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow | Kerry Conran | Filmauro | gaztelaniaz: Sky Captain y el mundo del mañana frantsesez: Capitaine Sky et le Monde de demain |
| 2015 | Trumbo | Jay Roach | -- | frantsesez: Dalton Trumbo |

## Erreferentziak

* Artikulu honen edukiaren zati bat Lur hiztegi entziklopedikotik edo Lur entziklopedia tematikotik txertatu zen 2011/12/27 egunean. Egile-eskubideen jabeak, Eusko Jaurlaritzak, hiztegi horiek CC-BY 3.0 lizentziarekin argitaratu ditu, Open Data Euskadi webgunean.
* ↑ Malagon, Ana. (2024-04-04). «Errespetagarrien kluba» Berria (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-06-04).

## Bibliografia

* Agate, James (1946). The Contemporary Theatre, 1944 and 1945. London: Harrap. OCLC 1597751.
* Bacall, Lauren (2006) [2005]. By Myself and Then Some. London: Headline. ISBN 978-0-7553-1351-8.
* Barker, Felix (1984). Laurence Olivier: A Critical Study. Speldhurst: Spellmount. ISBN 978-0-88254-926-2.
* Beckett, Francis (2005). Olivier. London: Haus. ISBN 978-1-904950-38-7.
* Billington, Michael (2004). "Olivier, Laurence Kerr, Baron Olivier (1907–1989)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/38623. Retrieved 28 December 2014. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
* Bragg, Melvyn (1989) [1984]. Laurence Olivier. London: Sceptre. ISBN 978-0-14-003863-7.
* Capua, Michelangelo (2003). Vivien Leigh: A Biography. Jefferson: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-8034-0.
* Castle, Charles (1972). Noël. London: W H Allen. ISBN 978-0-491-00534-0.
* Coleman, Terry (2006) [2005]. Olivier: The Authorised Biography. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-0-7475-8080-5.
* Coward, Noël (1983) [1982]. Payn, Graham; Morley, Sheridan (eds.). The Noël Coward Diaries (1941–1969). London: Methuen. ISBN 978-0-297-78142-4.
* Croall, Jonathan (2000). Gielgud – A Theatrical Life, 1904–2000. London: Methuen. ISBN 978-0-413-74560-6.
* Croall, Jonathan, ed. (2013). Gielgoodies – The Wit and Wisdom and Gaffes of John Gielgud. London: Oberon Books. ISBN 978-1-78319-007-2.
* Darlington, W. A. (1968). Laurence Olivier. London: Morgan Grampian. ISBN 978-0-249-43970-0.
* Day, Barry (2005). Coward on Film: The Cinema of Noël Coward. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5358-4.
* Denny, Barbara (1985). Kings Bishop: The Lords Spiritual of London. London: Alderman Press. ISBN 978-0-946619-16-0.
* Findlater, Richard (1971). The Player Kings. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-00304-5.
* Findlater, Richard (1981). At the Royal Court: 25 years of the English Stage Company. Ambergate: Amber Lane Press. OCLC 247511466.
* Garber, Marjorie (2013). Bisexuality and the Eroticism of Everyday Life. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-61284-8.
* Gaye, Freda, ed. (1967). Who's Who in the Theatre (fourteenth ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons. OCLC 5997224.
* Gielgud, John (1979). An Actor and His Time. London: Sidgwick and Jackson. ISBN 978-0-283-98573-7.
* Gielgud, John (2004). Mangan, Richard (ed.). Gielgud's Letters. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-82989-8.
* Gilbert, Susie (2009). Opera for Everybody. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-22493-7.
* Hall, Peter (1984) [1983]. Peter Hall's Diaries. London: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 978-0-241-11285-4.
* Hobson, Harold (1958). Ralph Richardson. London: Rockliff. OCLC 3797774.
* Holden, Anthony (1988). Olivier. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-79089-1.
* Jackson, Russell (2007). The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare on Film. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-49530-2.
* Jackson, Russell (2013). Gielgud, Olivier, Ashcroft, Dench: Great Shakespeareans. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-4725-1544-5.
* Kennedy, Michael (2004). "Walton, Sir William Turner (1902–1983)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31797. Retrieved 13 January 2015. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
* Kiernan, Thomas (1981). Olivier: The Life of Laurence Olivier. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 978-0-283-98671-0.
* Korda, Michael (1981). Charmed Lives. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-380-53017-5.
* Lesley, Cole (1976). The Life of Noël Coward. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-224-01288-1.
* Miller, John (1995). Ralph Richardson – The Authorized Biography. London: Sidgwick and Jackson. ISBN 0-283-06237-1.
* Morley, Sheridan (1974) [1969]. A Talent to Amuse. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-003863-7.
* Morley, Sheridan (2001). John G—The Authorised Biography of John Gielgud. London: Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 978-0-340-36803-9.
* Mortimer, John (1984) [1983]. In Character. Harmondsworth: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-006389-9.
* Munn, Michael (2007). Lord Larry: The Secret Life of Laurence Olivier: a Personal and Intimate Portrait. London: Robson Books. ISBN 978-1-86105-977-2.
* Neill, Michael (2006). "Introduction". Othello, the Moor of Venice. The Oxford Shakespeare. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-156847-3.
* O'Connor, Garry (1982). Ralph Richardson – An Actor's Life. London: Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 978-0-340-27041-7.
* Olivier, Laurence (1994) [1982]. Confessions of an Actor. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-14-006888-7.
* Olivier, Laurence (1986). On Acting. London: Weidenfeld. ISBN 978-0-297-78864-5.
* Olivier, Tarquin (1992). My Father Laurence Olivier. London: Headline. ISBN 978-0-747-20611-8.
* Richards, Jeffrey (2010). The Age of the Dream Palace: Cinema and Society in 1930s Britain. London: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84885-122-1.
* Richards, Jeffrey (2014). Visions of Yesterday. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-92861-4.
* Shail, Robert (2007). British Film Directors: A Critical Guide. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-8093-2833-8.
* Tanitch, Robert (1985). Olivier. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-5000-1363-2.
* Ustinov, Peter (1978) [1977]. Dear Me. Harmondsworth: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-004940-4.

## Kanpo estekak

* Datuak: Q55245
* Multimedia: Laurence Olivier / Q55245