# Psilocybe

Sorgina (Psilocybe) Hymenogastraceae familiako ziza genero bat da. Mundu osoan zehar aurki daitezke. Espezie gehienek, ia guztiek, psilozibina, psilozina eta beozistina konposatu psikodelikoak dituzte.

## Etimologia

Psilocybe hitza grezierazko ψιλός + κύβη hitzetatik dator, literalki "buru biluzia", zizaren burua erraz kentzen denari erreferentzia.

## Espezie ezagunak

Espezie asko dituen generoa da, baina batzuk oso ezagunak dira:
* Psilocybe cubensis; gehien landatutako eta kontsumitutako Psilocybe espeziea, kultibatzen erraza delako eta fruituaren gorputza handia delako; tropikoetan eta subtropikoetan oso ohikoa da.
* Psilocybe cyanescens; Ipar Amerikako Pazifikoan eta Europako mendebaldean aurkitzen den espeziea.
* Psilocybe semilanceata; psilozibinadun zizarik ohikoena, klima epeletan bizi dena. Sorgin-zorrotz edo mongi ere deitua.
* Psilocybe azurescens, AEBko Washington eta Oregonen hazten den espezie oso indartsua, baina askotan kultibatzen dena.

## Zerrenda

* Psilocybe acutipilea (Speg.) Guzmán
* Psilocybe aequatoriae Singer
* Psilocybe angustipleurocystidiata Guzmán
* Psilocybe antioquiensis Guzmán, Saldarr., Pineda, G. Garcia & L.-F. Velazquez
* Psilocybe atlantis Guzmán, Hanlin & C. White
* Psilocybe aquamarina (Pegler)
* Psilocybe argentipes K. Yokoy.
* Psilocybe armandii Guzmán & S.H. Pollock
* Psilocybe aucklandii Guzmán, C.C. King & Bandala
* Psilocybe australiana Guzmán & Watling
* Psilocybe aztecorum R. Heim
** Psilocybe aztecorum var. bonetii (Guzman) Guzmán (aka Psilocybe bonetii Guzmán)
* Psilocybe azurescens Stamets & Gartz
* Psilocybe baeocystis Singer & A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe banderillensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe barrerae Cifuentes & Guzmán
* Psilocybe bispora Guzman, Franco-Molano and Ramírez-Guillén
* Psilocybe brasiliensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe brunneocystidiata Guzmán & Horak
* Psilocybe caeruleoannulata Singer ex Guzmán
* Psilocybe caerulescens
** Psilocybe caerulescens Murrill var. caerulescens
** Psilocybe caerulescens var. ombrophila (R. Heim) Guzmán
* Psilocybe caerulipes (Peck) Sacc.
* Psilocybe carbonaria Singer
* Psilocybe caribaea Guzmán, T.J. Baroni & Tapia
* Psilocybe chiapanensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe collybioides Singer & A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe columbiana Guzmán
* Psilocybe coprinifacies (Rolland) Pouzar s. auct., non s.Herink, non s. Krieglsteiner
* Psilocybe coprophila (Bull.) P. Kumm.
* Psilocybe cordispora R. Heim
* Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer
* Psilocybe cyanescens Wakef. (non sensu Krieglsteiner)
* Psilocybe cyanofibrillosa Guzmán & Stamets
* Psilocybe dumontii Singer ex Guzmán
* Psilocybe egonii Guzmán & T.J. Baroni
* Psilocybe eucalypta Guzmán & Watling
* Psilocybe fagicola R. Heim & Cailleux
* Psilocybe farinacea Rick ex Guzmán (aka Psilocybe albofimbriata (Rick) Singer)
* Psilocybe fimetaria (P.D. Orton) Watling (aka Psilocybe caesieannulata Singer; Stropharia fimetaria P.D. Orton)
* Psilocybe fuliginosa (Murrill) A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe furtadoana Guzmán
* Psilocybe galindoi Guzmán (aka Psilocybe galindii Guzmán )
* Psilocybe gallaeciae Guzmán
* Psilocybe goniospora (Berk. & Broome) Singer (aka Psilocybe lonchophora (Berk. Broome) Horak ex Guzmán )
* Psilocybe graveolens Peck
* Psilocybe guatapensis Guzmán, Saldarriaga, Pineda, Garcia & Velazquez
* Psilocybe guilartensis Guzmán, Tapia & Nieves-Rivera
* Psilocybe heimii Guzmán
* Psilocybe heliconiae Guzmán, Saldarriaga, Pineda, Garcia & Velazquez
* Psilocybe herrerae Guzmán
* Psilocybe hispanica Guzmán
* Psilocybe hoogshagenii R. Heim var. hoogshagenii (aka Psilocybe caerulipes var. gastonii Singer; Psilocybe zapotecorum R. Heim s. Singer)
* Psilocybe hoogshagenii R. Heim var. convexa Guzmán (aka Psilocybe semperviva R. Heim & Cailleux)
* Psilocybe inconspicua Guzmán & Horak
* Psilocybe indica Sathe & J.T. Daniel
* Psilocybe isabelae Guzmán
* Psilocybe jacobsii Guzmán
* Psilocybe jaliscana Guzmán
* Psilocybe keralensis K.A. Thomas, Manim. & Guzmán
* Psilocybe kumaenorum R. Heim
* Psilocybe laurae Guzmán
* Psilocybe lazoi Singer
* Psilocybe liniformans Guzmán & Bas var. liniformans
* Psilocybe liniformans var. americana Guzmán & Stamets
* Psilocybe magica Svrček
* Psilocybe mairei Singer (aka Hypholoma cyanescens Maire; Geophila cyanescens (Maire) Kuhner & Romagn.; non Psilocybe cyanescens s. Krieglsteiner]
* Psilocybe makarorae Johnst. & Buchanan
* Psilocybe mammillata (Murrill) A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe meridensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe meridionalis Guzmán, Ram.-Guill. & Guzm.-Dáv.
* Psilocybe mescaleroensis Guzmán, Walstad, E. Gándara & Ram.-Guill.
* Psilocybe mexicana R. Heim
* Psilocybe moseri Guzmán
* Psilocybe muliercula Singer & A.H. Smith (aka Psilocybe wassonii R. Heim)
* Psilocybe natalensis Gartz, Reid, Smith & Eicker
* Psilocybe natarajanii Guzmán (aka Psilocybe aztecorum var. bonetii (Guzman) Guzmáns. Natarajan & Raman]
* Psilocybe ochreata (Berk. & Broome) Horak ex Guzmán
* Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata Guzmán et Gaines
* Psilocybe papuana Guzmán & Horak
* Psilocybe paulensis (Guzmán & Bononi) Guzmán (aka Psilocybe banderiliensis var. paulensis Guzmán & Bononi)
* Psilocybe pelliculosa (A.H. Smith) Singer & A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe pericystis Singer
* Psilocybe pintonii Guzmán
* Psilocybe pleurocystidiosa Guzmán
* Psilocybe plutonia (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc.
* Psilocybe portoricensis Guzmán, Tapia & Nieves-Rivera
* Psilocybe pseudoaztecorum Natarajan & Raman (aka Psilocybe aztecorum var. aztecorum sensu Natarajan & Raman; Psilocybe subaztecorum' Guzmán , 1995)
* Psilocybe puberula Bas & Noordel.
* Psilocybe quebecensis Ola'h & R. Heim
* Psilocybe ramulosa (Guzmán & Bononi) Guzmán (aka Psilocybe zapotecorum var. ramulosum Guzmán & Bononi)
* Psilocybe rickii Guzmán & Cortez
* Psilocybe rostrata (Petch) Pegler
* Psilocybe rzedowskii Guzmán
* Psilocybe samuiensis Guzmán, Bandala & Allen
* Psilocybe sanctorum Guzmán
* Psilocybe schultesii Guzmán & S.H. Pollock
* Psilocybe semiinconspicua Guzmán & J. M. Trappe
* Psilocybe semilanceata (Fr. : Secr.) Kumm. (aka Psilocybe semilanceata var. caerulescens (Cooke) Sacc.: Psilocybe cookei Singer; non Psilocybe callosa (Fr. : Fr.) Quel., which is Psilocybe strictipes Singer & A.H. Smith]
* Psilocybe septentrionalis (Guzman) Guzmán (aka Psilocybe subaeriginascens Hohn. var. septentrionalis Guzmán )
* Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak (non ss. Krieglsteiner)
* Psilocybe sierrae Singer (aka Psilocybe subfimetaria Guzmán & A.H. Sm.)
* Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe singerii Guzmán
* Psilocybe strictipes Singer & A.H. Smith (aka Psilocybe callosa (Fr. : Fr.) Quel. s.Guzmán , 1983; Psilocybe semilanceata var. obtusa Bon; Psilocybe semilanceata var. microspora Singer
* Psilocybe stuntzii Guzmán & Ott
* Psilocybe subacutipilea Guzmán, Saldarriaga, Pineda, Garcia & Velazquez
* Psilocybe subaeruginascens Hohn. var. subaeruginascens (aka Psilocybe aerugineo-maculans (Hohn.) Singer & A.H. Smith
* Psilocybe subaeruginosa Cleland
* Psilocybe subbrunneocystidiata P.S. Silva & Guzmán
* Psilocybe subcaerulipes Hongo
* Psilocybe subcubensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe subpsilocybioides Guzmán, Lodge & S.A. Cantrell
* Psilocybe subtropicalis Guzmán
* Psilocybe subyungensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe subzapotecorum Guzmán
* Psilocybe tampanensis Guzmán & S.H. Pollock
* Psilocybe tasmaniana Guzmán & Watling
* Psilocybe uruguayensis Singer ex Guzmán
* Psilocybe uxpanapensis Guzmán
* Psilocybe venenata (S. Imai) Imaz. & Hongo (aka Psilocybe fasciata Hongo; Stropharia caerulescens S. Imai)
* Psilocybe veraecrucis Guzmán & Perez-Ortiz
* Psilocybe villarrealiae Guzmán
* Psilocybe washingtonensis A.H.Sm.
* Psilocybe wassoniorum Guzmán & S.H. Pollock
* Psilocybe wayanadensis K.A. Thomas, Manim. & Guzmán
* Psilocybe weilii Guzmán, Tapia & Stamets
* Psilocybe weldenii Guzmán
* Psilocybe weraroa Borov., Oborník & Noordel.
* Psilocybe wrightii Guzmán
* Psilocybe xalapensis Guzmán & A. Lopez
* Psilocybe yungensis Singer & A.H. Smith (aka Psilocybe yungensis var. diconica Singer & A.H. Smith; Psilocybe yungensis var. acutopapillata Singer & A.H. Smith; Psilocybe isaurii Singer; Psilocybe acutissima R. Heim)
* Psilocybe zapotecoantillarum Guzmán, T.J. Baroni & Lodge
* Psilocybe zapotecocaribaea Guzmán, Ram.-Guill. & T.J. Baroni
* Psilocybe zapotecorum R. Heim emend. Guzmán (aka Psilocybe aggericola Singer & A.H. Smith)

## Erreferentziak

* ↑ «Euskalterm» Euskararen corpus terminologikoa.
* ↑ (Grezieraz) Schrevel, Cornelis. (1826). Schrevelius' Greek lexicon, tr. into Engl. with numerous corrections. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2020-08-27).
* ↑ SVRČEK M. (1989): Psilocybe (Deconica) magica sp. nov. Česká Mykologie 43: 82–84.

## Kanpo estekak

* Datuak: Q850667
* Multimedia: Psilocybe / Q850667
* Espezieak: Psilocybe