# Hedda Hopper

Hedda Hopper (Elda Furry jaiotzez; 1885eko maiatzaren 2a – 1966ko otsailaren 1a) zutabegile eta aktore estatubatuarra izan zen. Aktore bezala ospearen bidean mugak ikusita, txutxu-mutxuak idazteari ekin zion eta sentsazionalismoa ogibide gisa bihurtu zuen. Bere eragin-puntu gorenean, 35 milioi irakurle izan zituen. Jarduera Ez-Amerikarren Komitearen (HUAC) audientzien aldeko irmoa zen eta ustezko komunistak izendatu, eta Hollywoodeko zerrenda beltzaren defendatzaile handia izan zen. Hopperrek kotileoak idazten jarraitu zuen haren bizitzaren amaierara arte, bere lana aldizkari askotan agertu zen eta geroago irratian. Etsaitasun handia izan zuen Louella Parsons kolumnistarekin.

## Biografia

Bere aita harakina zen. 1915ean Hollywoodera joan zen eta Triangle Company-ren izar bihurtu zen. Dozenaka filmetan agertu zen, eta "Queen of the Quickies" izendatu zuten. 1936an irratsaio bat hasi zuen eta bi urte geroago egunkarietako zutabegile gisa hasi zen, Louella Parsonsen aurkari gisa. Bere azken filmetan bere burua antzeztu zuen batez ere, Hollywooden izan zuen eraginari omenaldi moduan. Bere semea Paul Drake ospetsu egin zen Perry Mason (1957) seriean.

## Politika

Hopper errepublikano sutsua zen. 1944ko presidentetza-hauteskundeetan, adibidez, David O. Selznickek Dewey-Brickerren alde Los Angelesko Koliseoan antolatutako mitin masibo baten aurretik hitz egin zuen, bai eta Kaliforniako Earl Warren gobernadorea ere, geroago Deweyko presidentearen kide bihurtu zena 1948an, eta geroago Estatu Batuetan. Bilera 93.000 pertsona izan zen, Cecil B. DeMille zeremonia-maisua zela, eta Walt Disney hizlarietako bat zela. Beste parte-hartzaile hauek izan ziren: Ronald Reagan, Barbara Stanwyck, Ann Sonorthern, Ginger Rogers, Randolph Scott, Adolphe Menjou, Dick Powell, Gary Cooper, Edward Arnold eta William Bendix. Kanpainare emaitza ona izan arren, jarrera publikoa hartu zuten Hollywoodeko jende gehienak bat egin zuen Contr-Trumanen hautagaitzarekin.
Hopperrek irmo babestu zituen Jarduera Ez-Amerikarren Komitearen (HUAC) audientziak, eta Emakumeen Dibisioko gonbidatu eta hizlari izan zen San Frantziskon egin zen 1956ko Konbentzio Nazional Errepublikanoan, Eisenhower–Nixon hautagaitza berriz jartzeko.

## Zerrenda beltza

Hopper izan zen Hollywoodeko zerrenda beltza sortzeko bultzatzailetako bat, eta 35 milioi irakurleak erabili zituen komunistak, homosexualak edo bizi modu ez egokiak zituztela susmatzen zituenak entretenimenduaren industrian suntsitzeko. Amerikako Idealak Zaintzeko Zinematografia Aliantzako kide liderra izan zen. 1944an sortu zen, eta Hollywooden ustezko komunistak desagerrarazteko helburua zuen. Hura Hollywoodeko estandar moralen zaindaritzat hartzen zen, eta zin egiten zuen atzamarra ekoizle bati erakustea baino ez zuela behar.
Hopperren biktimetako bat Dalton Trumbo gidoilaria izan zen. Azken urteetan zerrenda beltzean sartu zen. Kirk Douglas aktoreak Trumbo kontratatu zuenean Spartacus-erako gidoia idazteko (1960), Hopperrek bere zutabean salatu zuen filma: "[gidoia komunista batek idatzitako liburu batean oinarritzen da], eta pantaila-gidoia komunista batek idatzi zuen; beraz, ez joan ikustera". Filmak arrakasta kritiko eta finantzarioa izan zuen.

## Filmografia

| Urtea | Izenburua | Rola |
| 1916 | The Battle of Hearts | Maida Rhodes |
| 1917 | Her Excellency, the Governor | Sylvia Marlowe |
| 1917 | The Food Gamblers | June Justice |
| 1917 | Seven Keys to Baldpate | Myra Thornhill |
| 1917 | Nearly Married | Hattie King |
| 1918 | The Beloved Traitor | Myrna Bliss |
| 1918 | By Right of Purchase | Society Woman |
| 1918 | Virtuous Wives | Irma Delabarre |
| 1919 | The Third Degree | Mrs. Howard Jeffries, Sr |
| 1919 | Sadie Love | Mrs. James Wakeley |
| 1919 | The Isle of Conquest | Mrs. Harmon |
| 1920 | The Man Who Lost Himself | Countess of Rochester |
| 1920 | The New York Idea | Vida Phillimore |
| 1921 | Heedless Moths | His Wife |
| 1921 | The Inner Chamber | Mrs. Candor |
| 1921 | Conceit | Mrs. Agnes Crombie |
| 1922 | Sherlock Holmes | Madge Larrabee |
| 1922 | What's Wrong with the Women? | Mrs. Neer |
| 1922 | Women Men Marry | Eleanor Carter |
| 1923 | Has the World Gone Mad! | Mrs. Adams |
| 1923 | Reno | Mrs. Kate Norton Tappan |
| 1924 | Gambling Wives | Madame Zoe |
| 1924 | Why Men Leave Home | Nina Neilson |
| 1924 | Happiness | Mrs. Chrystal Pole |
| 1924 | Miami | Mary Tate |
| 1924 | Another Scandal | Cousin Elizabeth MacKenzie |
| 1924 | Sinners in Silk | Mrs. Stevens |
| 1924 | The Snob | Mrs. Leiter |
| 1925 | Her Market Value | Mrs. Bernice Hamilton |
| 1925 | Declassée | Lady Wildering |
| 1925 | Dangerous Innocence | Muriel Church |
| 1925 | Zander the Great | Mrs. Caldwell |
| 1925 | Raffles, the Amateur Cracksman | Mrs. Clarice Vidal |
| 1925 | The Teaser | Margaret Wyndham |
| 1925 | Borrowed Finery | Mrs. Bordon |
| 1926 | Dance Madness | Valentina |
| 1926 | The Caveman | Mrs. Van Dream |
| 1926 | Pleasures of the Rich | Mona Vincent |
| 1926 | Skinner's Dress Suit | Mrs. Colby |
| 1926 | Lew Tyler's Wives | Virginia Philips |
| 1926 | The Silver Treasure | Mrs. Gould |
| 1926 | Don Juan | Marchesia Rinaldo |
| 1926 | Fools of Fashion | Countess de Fragni |
| 1926 | Obey The Law | Society Woman |
| 1927 | Orchids and Ermine | The Modiste |
| 1927 | Venus of Venice | Jean's Mother |
| 1927 | Children of Divorce | Katherine Flanders |
| 1927 | Matinee Ladies | Mrs. Aldrich |
| 1927 | Wings | Mrs. Powell |
| 1927 | Black Tears | |
| 1927 | The Cruel Truth | Grace Sturdevant |
| 1927 | Adam and Evil | Eleanor Leighton |
| 1927 | One Woman to Another | Olive Gresham |
| 1927 | The Drop Kick | Mrs. Hamill |
| 1927 | A Reno Divorce | Hedda Frane |
| 1927 | French Dressing | |
| 1928 | Love and Learn | Mrs. Ann Blair |
| 1928 | The Whip Woman | Countess Ferenzi |
| 1928 | The Port of Missing Girls | Mrs. C. King |
| 1928 | The Chorus Kid | Mrs. Garrett |
| 1928 | Harold Teen | Mrs. Hazzit |
| 1928 | Green Grass Widows | Mrs. Worthing |
| 1928 | Undressed | Mrs. Stanley |
| 1928 | Runaway Girls | Mrs. Hartley |
| 1928 | Companionate Marriage | Mrs. Moore |
| 1929 | Girls Gone Wild | Mrs. Holworthy |
| 1929 | The Last of Mrs. Cheyney | Lady Maria |
| 1929 | His Glorious Night | Mrs. Collingswood Stratton |
| 1929 | Half Marriage | Mrs. Page |
| 1929 | The Racketeer | Mrs. Karen Lee |
| 1929 | A Song of Kentucky | Mrs. Coleman |
| 1930 | Such Men Are Dangerous | Muriel Wyndham |
| 1930 | High Society Blues | Mrs. Divine |
| 1930 | Murder Will Out | Aunt Pat |
| 1930 | Holiday | Susan Potter |
| 1930 | Let Us Be Gay | Madge Livingston |
| 1930 | Our Blushing Brides | Mrs. Weaver |
| 1930 | War Nurse | Matron |
| 1931 | The Easiest Way | Mrs. Clara Williams |
| 1931 | The Prodigal | Christine |
| 1931 | Men Call It Love | Callie |
| 1931 | A Tailor Made Man | Mrs. Stanlaw |
| 1931 | Shipmates | Auntie |
| 1931 | The Common Law | Mrs. Clare Collis |
| 1931 | The Mystery Train | Mrs. Marian Radcliffe |
| 1931 | Rebound | Liz Crawford |
| 1931 | Flying High | Mrs. Smith |
| 1931 | West of Broadway | Mrs. Edith Trent |
| 1931 | Good Sport | Mrs. Atherton |
| 1932 | The Man Who Played God | Mrs. Alice Chittendon |
| 1932 | Night World | Mrs. Rand |
| 1932 | As You Desire Me | Ines Montari |
| 1932 | Skyscraper Souls | Ella Dwight |
| 1932 | Downstairs | Countess De Marnac |
| 1932 | Speak Easily | Mrs. Peets |
| 1932 | The Unwritten Law | Jean Evans |
| 1933 | Men Must Fight | Mrs. Chase |
| 1933 | The Barbarian | Mrs. Loway, American Tourist |
| 1933 | Pilgrimage | Mrs. Worth (Gary Worth's mother) |
| 1933 | Beauty for Sale | Madame Sonia Barton |
| 1934 | Bombay Mail | Lady Daniels |
| 1934 | Let's Be Ritzy | Mrs. Burton |
| 1934 | Little Man, What Now? | Nurse |
| 1934 | No Ransom | Mrs. John Winfield |
| 1935 | One Frightened Night | Laura Proctor |
| 1935 | Society Fever | Mrs. Vandergriff |
| 1935 | Lady Tubbs | Mrs. Ronald Ash-Orcutt |
| 1935 | Alice Adams | Mrs. Palmer |
| 1935 | I Live My Life | Alvin's Mother |
| 1935 | Three Kids and a Queen | Mrs. Cummings |
| 1935 | Ship Cafe | Tutor |
| 1936 | The Dark Hour | Mrs. Tallman |
| 1936 | Doughnuts and Society | Mrs. Murray Hill |
| 1936 | Dracula's Daughter | Lady Esme Hammond |
| 1936 | Bunker Bean | Mrs. Dorothy Kent |
| 1937 | You Can't Buy Luck | Mrs. Agnes White |
| 1937 | Dangerous Holiday | Lottie Courtney |
| 1937 | Topper | Mrs. Grace Stuyvesant |
| 1937 | Artists and Models | Mrs. Townsend |
| 1937 | Vogues of 1938 | Mrs. Van Klettering |
| 1937 | Nothing Sacred | Dowager on Ship |
| 1938 | Tarzan's Revenge | Penny Reed |
| 1938 | Maid's Night Out | Mrs. Harrison |
| 1938 | Dangerous to Know | Mrs. Emily Carson |
| 1938 | Thanks for the Memory | Polly Griscom |
| 1939 | Midnight | Stephanie |
| 1939 | The Women | Dolly Dupuyster |
| 1939 | What a Life | Mrs. Aldrich |
| 1939 | That's Right – You're Wrong | Herself – Newspaper Columnist |
| 1939 | Laugh It Off | Elizabeth "Lizzie" Rockingham |
| 1940 | Queen of the Mob | Mrs. Emily Sturgis |
| 1940 | Cross-Country Romance | Mrs. North |
| 1941 | Life with Henry | Mrs. Aldrich |
| 1941 | I Wanted Wings | Mrs. Young |
| 1942 | Reap the Wild Wind | Aunt Henrietta Beresford |
| 1950 | Sunset Boulevard | Herself |
| 1960 | Pepe | Herself, Cameo appearance |
| 1961 | The Right Approach | Newspaper Columnist |
| 1964 | The Patsy | Herself |
| 1966 | The Oscar | Herself |
Telebista :
| Urtea | Izenburua | Rola |
| 1951–1963 | What's My Line? | Herself – Mystery Guest |
| 1953 | Goodyear Television Playhouse | Hostess |
| 1955 | I Love Lucy | Herself |
| 1955 | The Colgate Comedy Hour | Herself – Gossip Columnist |
| 1956 | The Bob Hope Show | Herself |
| 1956 | The Tennessee Ernie Ford Show | Herself |
| 1957 | Playhouse 90 | Various roles |
| 1957 | The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour | Herself |
| 1958 | The Garry Moore Show | Herself |
| 1959 | Small World | Herself |
| 1959 | Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse | Herself |
| 1960 | Hedda Hopper's Hollywood | Host |
| 1960 | The Steve Allen Show | Herself |
| 1961 | Here's Hollywood | Herself |
| 1964 | The Beverly Hillbillies | Herself |
| 1966 | The New Alice in Wonderland | Hedda, the Mad Hatter |

## Erreferentziak

* ↑ «Hedda Hopper» IMDb (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ (Gaztelaniaz) «Hedda Hopper, una víbora en Hollywood» La Voz de Galicia 2016-02-08 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ (Gaztelaniaz) «El reinado de terror de Louella Parsons y Hedda Hopper en el Hollywood clásico» EITB 2021-10-30 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ «Hedda Hopper biography» IMDb (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ David M. Jordan, FDR, Dewey, and the Election of 1944 (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2011), pp. 231–232
* ↑ (Gaztelaniaz) «La gran cotilla de Hollywood» ABC Blogs 2016-02-01 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ Karen Krizanovich. (2015-11-05). «Hedda Hopper: the woman who scared Hollywood» The Daily Telegraph.
* ↑ Andrew O'Hehir. (2015-11-04). "Trumbo" and the long, dark shadow of the blacklist: How a Hollywood gossip columnist launched the culture wars. Salon Magazine.
* ↑ (Gaztelaniaz) TORRE, Franco. (2016-05-08). «Hedda Hopper, la reina malvada de Hollywood» La Nueva España (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-18).
* ↑ Stephen Farber. (2001-04-23). Spartacus. Criterion.com.
* ↑ Mark Frankel. Spartacus (1960). TCM.com.

## Kanpo estekak

* [Bideoa] Hedda Hopper's Hollywood: Richard Nixon (February 15th, 1950)
* Datuak: Q271324
* Multimedia: Hedda Hopper / Q271324