# Hidroklorofluorokarburo

Hidroklorofluorokarburoak (HCFC) kloro-, fluor-, hidrogeno- eta karbono-atomoz osaturiko konposatuak dira. Konposatu sintetikoak dira naturan berez sortzen ez direnak. CFCek bezala, ozono-geruzari kalte egiten diote, baina kloro-atomo gutxiago izaki, ozonoa suntsitzeko ahalmen txikiagoa dute. CFCen ordezkotzat proposatu dira; funtsean arazo bera sortzen dute ordea.
CFCak bezala, HCFCak hozteko, aerosolen propultsatzaileetarako, aparra fabrikatzeko eta aire girotuko sistemetan erabiltzen dira. Hala ere, CFCak ez bezala, HCFC gehienak atmosferaren behealdean deskonposatzen dira, eta askoz arrisku txikiagoa dute ozono-geruzarentzat. Hala ere, HCFCak berotegi-efektuko gas oso indartsuak dira, nahiz eta atmosferan oso kontzentrazio txikiak izan.

## Montrealgo Protokoloa

Ozono-geruza agortzen duten substantziei buruzko Montrealgo Protokoloari jarraiki, bereziki Batzorde Betearazleak (ExCom) 53/37 eta ExCom 54/39 ezarritakoaari, protokolooaren parteek adostu zuten 2013. urtea garapen bidean dauden herrialdeetarako HCFCen kontsumoa eta ekoizpena izozteko unea izatea. Herrialde garatuentzat, HCFCren kontsumoaren eta ekoizpenaren murrizketa 2004an eta 2010ean hasi zen, hurrenez hurren, 2020rako ezarritako % 100eko murrizketarekin. Garapen bidean dauden herrialdeek 2015erako HCFC kontsumoa eta ekoizpena murrizten hastea adostu zuten, 2030erako %100eko murrizketarekin

## Hidroklorofluorokarburoen zerrenda

| Kodea | Izena | Formula | Iraupena atmosferan (urte) |
| R-21 | diklorofluorometano | CFCl$_2$ | 1.7 |
| R-22 | klorodifluorometano | CHClF$_2$ | 12.0 |
| R-31 | klorofluorometano | CH$_2$FCl | |
| R-121 | 1,1,2,2-tetrakloro-1-fluoroetano | C$_2$HFCl$_4$ | |
| R-121a | 1,1,1,2-tetrakloro-2-fluoroetano | C$_2$HFCl$_4$ | |
| R-122 | 1,1,2-trikloro-2,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_2$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-122a | 1,1,2-trikloro-1,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_2$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-122b | 1,1,1-trikloro-2,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_2$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-123 | 2,2-dikloro-1,1,1-trifluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_3$Cl$_2$ | 1.3 |
| R-123a | 1,2-dikloro-1,1,2-trifluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_3$Cl$_2$ | 1.3? |
| R-123b | 1,1-dikloro-1,2,2-trifluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_3$Cl$_2$ | 1.3? |
| R-124 | 1-kloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_4$Cl | 5.8 |
| R-124a | 1-kloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroetano | C$_2$HF$_4$Cl | 5.8? |
| R-131 | 1,1,2-trikloro-2-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$FCl$_3$ | |
| R-131a | 1,1,2-trikloro-1-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$FCl$_3$ | |
| R-131b | 1,1,1-trikloro-2-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$FCl$_3$ | |
| R-132 | 1,2-dikloro-1,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-132a | 1,1-dikloro-2,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-132b | 1,2-dikloro-1,1-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-132c | 1,1-dikloro-1,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-133 | 1-kloro-1,2,2-trifluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-133a | 1-kloro-2,2,2-trifluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-133b | 1-kloro-1,1,2-trifluoroetano | C$_2$H$_2$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-141 | 1,2-dikloro-1-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_3$FCl$_2$ | 9.3? |
| R-141a | 1,1-dikloro-2-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_3$FCl$_2$ | 9.3? |
| R-141b | 1,1-dikloro-1-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_3$FCl$_2$ | 9.3 |
| R-142a | 1-kloro-1,2-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_3$F$_2$Cl | 17.9? |
| R-142b | 1-kloro-1,1-difluoroetano | C$_2$H$_3$F$_2$Cl | 17.9 |
| R-151 | 1-kloro-2-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_4$ClF | |
| R-151a | 1-kloro-1-fluoroetano | C$_2$H$_4$ClF | |
| R-221 | 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexakloro-3-fluoropropano | C$_3$HFCl$_6$ | |
| R-222 | pentaklorodifluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_2$Cl$_5$ | |
| R-222c | 1,1,1,3,3-pentakloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_2$Cl$_5$ | |
| R-223 | tetraklorotrifluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_3$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-223ca | 1,1,3,3-tetrakloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_3$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-223cb | 1,1,1,3-tetrakloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_3$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-224 | triklorotetrafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_4$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-224ca | 1,3,3-trikloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_4$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-224cb | 1,1,3-trikloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_4$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-224cc | 1,1,1-trikloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_4$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-225 | dikloropentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225aa | 2,2-dikloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225ba | 2,3-dikloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225bb | 1,2-dikloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225ca | 3,3-dikloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | 1.9 |
| R-225cb | 1,3-dikloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | 5.8 |
| R-225cc | 1,1-dikloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225da | 1,2-dikloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225ea | 1,3-dikloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-225eb | 1,1-dikloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_5$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-226 | klorohexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-226ba | 2-kloro-1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-226ca | 3-kloro-1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-226cb | 1-kloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-226da | 2-kloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-226ea | 1-kloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropano | C$_3$HF$_6$Cl | |
| R-231 | pentaklorofluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$FCl$_5$ | |
| R-232 | tetraklorodifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-232ca | 1,1,3,3-tetrakloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-232cb | 1,1,1,3-tetrakloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_2$Cl$_4$ | |
| R-233 | triklorotrifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_3$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-233ca | 1,1,3-trikloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_3$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-233cb | 1,1,3-trikloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_3$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-233cc | 1,1,1-trikloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_3$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-234 | diklorotetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234aa | 2,2-dikloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234ab | 2,2-dikloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234ba | 1,2-dikloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234bb | 2,3-dikloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234bc | 1,2-dikloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234ca | 1,3-dikloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234cb | 1,1-dikloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234cc | 1,3-dikloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234cd | 1,1-dikloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234da | 2,3-dikloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234fa | 1,3-dikloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-234fb | 1,1-dikloro-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_4$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-235 | kloropentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-235ca | 1-kloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-235cb | 3-kloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-235cc | 1-kloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-235da | 2-kloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-235fa | 1-kloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_2$F$_5$Cl | |
| R-241 | tetraklorofluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$FCl$_4$ | |
| R-242 | triklorodifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_2$Cl$_3$ | |
| R-243 | diklorotrifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243ca | 1,3-dikloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243cb | 1,1-dikloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243cc | 1,1-dikloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243da | 2,3-dikloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243ea | 1,3-dikloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-243ec | 1,3-dikloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_3$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-244 | klorotetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244ba | 2-kloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244bb | 2-kloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244ca | 3-kloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244cb | 1-kloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244cc | 1-kloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244da | 2-kloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244db | 2-kloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244ea | 3-kloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244eb | 3-kloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244ec | 1-kloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244fa | 3-kloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-244fb | 1-kloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropano | C$_3$H$_3$F$_4$Cl | |
| R-251 | triklorofluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$FCl$_3$ | |
| R-252 | diklorodifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-252ca | 1,3-dikloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-252cb | 1,1-dikloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-252dc | 1,2-dikloro-1,1-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-252ec | 1,1-dikloro-1,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_2$Cl$_2$ | |
| R-253 | klorotrifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253ba | 2-kloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253bb | 2-kloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253ca | 1-kloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253cb | 1-kloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253ea | 3-kloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253eb | 1-kloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253ec | 1-kloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253fa | 3-kloro-1,3,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253fb | 3-kloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-253fc | 1-kloro-1,1,3-trifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_4$F$_3$Cl | |
| R-261 | diklorofluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$FCl$_2$ | |
| R-261ba | 1,2-dikloro-2-fluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$FCl$_2$ | |
| R-262 | klorodifluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$F$_2$Cl | |
| R-262ca | 1-kloro-2,2-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$F$_2$Cl | |
| R-262fa | 3-kloro-1,1-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$F$_2$Cl | |
| R-262fb | 1-kloro-1,3-difluoropropano | C$_3$H$_5$F$_2$Cl | |
| R-271 | klorofluoropropano | C$_3$H$_6$FCl | |
| R-271b | 2-kloro-2-fluoropropano | C$_3$H$_6$FCl | |
| R-271d | 2-kloro-1-fluoropropano | C$_3$H$_6$FCl | |
| R-271fb | 1-kloro-1-fluoropropano | C$_3$H$_6$FCl |

## Erreferentziak

* ↑ Hidroklorofluorohidrokarburo. Zientzia eta teknologia hiztegi entziklopedikoa. Elhuyar Fundazioa.
* ↑ [https://ozone.unep.org/sites/default/files/2019-04/MP-consolidated-English-2019.pdf The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer as adjusted and amended by the Second Meeting of the Parties. ].

## Kanpo estekak

* Datuak: Q18214926