# Freddie Hubbard

Frederick Dewayne Hubbard, conocido como Freddie Hubbard (Indianápolis, 7 de abril de 1938 - Sherman Oaks, California, 29 de diciembre de 2008) fue un trompetista estadounidense de jazz.
Se trata de uno de los trompetistas más prestigiosos de la era post-bop; ha hecho relevantes aportaciones al hard bop y a la fusión del jazz con el soul y el funk.

## Biografía esencial

Nacido y crecido en Indianápolis, Hubbard tocó tempranamente con Wes y Monk Montgomery. Se trasladó a Nueva York en 1958, donde compartió vivienda con Eric Dolphy (con quien además grabaría en 1960), y estuvo en los grupos de Philly Joe Jones (1958-1959), Sonny Rollins, Slide Hampton y J.J. Johnson, antes de realizar una gira por Europa con Quincy Jones (1960-1961).
Grabó con John Coltrane, participó en 1960 en el disco Free Jazz de Ornette Coleman, estuvo en el disco de Oliver Nelson Blues and the Abstract Truth y comenzó a grabar como líder para Blue Note ese mismo año. Hubbard consiguió fama tocando con los Jazz Messengers de Art Blakey entre 1961 y 1964 al lado de Wayne Shorter y Curtis Fuller.
Grabó Ascension con Coltrane (1965), Out to Lunch (1964) con Eric Dolphy y Maiden Voyage con Herbie Hancock y, tras un periodo con Max Roach (1965-1966), lideró su propio quinteto, que contaba con el saxo alto James Spaulding.
En 1970, Freddie Hubbard grabó dos de sus mejores discos (Red Clay y Straight Life) para la CTI. El siguiente, First Light (1971), sigue siendo su registro más popular; los arreglos son de Don Sebesky. Tras los años gloriosos en CTI, Hubbard cometió el error de firmar con Columbia y grabar discos que serían muy poco apreciados por el público y los expertos.
Sin embargo, en 1977, realizó una gira con el quinteto acústico de Herbie Hancock V.S.O.P. y en los ochenta, en sus grabaciones para Pablo, Blue Note y Atlantic, demostró que podía volver a sus mejores tiempos. Pero a finales de los ochenta, una serie de problemas personales y técnicos le hicieron entrar en decadencia.

## Estilo

Freddie Hubbard formó su sonido a partir de la influencia de Clifford Brown y Lee Morgan, y a comienzos de los setenta su sonido era plenamente característico y original. No obstante, algunos discos de orientación comercial realizados a finales de esa década dañaron ligeramente su reputación. Por lo demás, justo cuando Hubbard, a comienzos de los noventa (al haber muerto ya Dizzy Gillespie y Miles Davis), parecía perfectamente dispuesto a asumir su papel de veterano maestro de la trompeta, sus labios comenzaron a darle serios problemas.

## Discografía
### Como líder o colíder

| Título | Año | Sello |
| Open Sesame | 1960 | Blue Note |
| Goin' Up | 1960 | Blue Note |
| Hub Cap | 1961 | Blue Note |
| Ready for Freddie | 1961 | Blue Note |
| The Artistry of Freddie Hubbard | 1962 | Impulse! |
| Hub-Tones | 1962 | Blue Note |
| Here to Stay | 1962 | Blue Note |
| The Body & the Soul | 1963 | Impulse! |
| Breaking Point | 1964 | Blue Note |
| Blue Spirits | 1965 | Blue Note |
| The Night of the Cookers | 1965 | Blue Note |
| Jam Gems: Live at the Left Bank | 1965 | Label M |
| Backlash | 1966 | Atlantic |
| High Blues Pressure | 1968 | Atlantic |
| A Soul Experiment | 1969 | Atlantic |
| The Black Angel | 1970 | Atlantic |
| The Hub of Hubbard | 1970 | MPS |
| Red Clay | 1970 | CTI |
| Straight Life | 1970 | CTI |
| Sing Me a Song of Songmy | 1971 | Atlantic |
| First Light | 1971 | CTI |
| Sky Dive | 1973 | CTI |
| Keep Your Soul Together | 1973 | CTI |
| Freddie Hubbard/Stanley Turrentine in Concert Volume One | 1974 | CTI |
| In Concert Volume Two with Stanley Turrentine | 1974 | CTI |
| Polar AC | 1975 | CTI |
| High Energy | 1974 | Columbia |
| Gleam | 1975 | Sony(Japan) |
| Liquid Love | 1975 | Columbia |
| Windjammer | 1976 | Columbia |
| Bundle of Joy | 1977 | Columbia |
| Super Blue | 1978 | Columbia |
| The Love Connection | 1979 | Columbia |
| Skagly | 1979 | Columbia |
| Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival | 1980 | Pablo |
| Mistral with Art Pepper | 1981 | Liberty Records |
| Outpost | 1981 | Enja |
| Splash | 1981 | Fantasy |
| Rollin' | 1982 | MPS |
| Keystone Bop Vol. 2: Friday & Saturday | 1996 | Prestige |
| Keystone Bop: Sunday Night | 1982 | Prestige |
| Born to Be Blue | 1982 | Pablo |
| Ride Like the Wind | 1982 | Elektra/Asylum |
| Above & Beyond | 1982 | Metropolitan |
| Back to Birdland | 1982 | Real Time |
| Sweet Return | 1983 | Atlantic |
| The Rose Tattoo | 1983 | Baystate (Japan) |
| Double Take with Woody Shaw | 1985 | Blue Note |
| Life Flight | 1987 | Blue Note |
| The Eternal Triangle with Woody Shaw | 1987 | Blue Note |
| Feel the Wind with Art Blakey | 1988 | Timeless |
| Times Are Changing | 1989 | Blue Note |
| Topsy - Standard Book | 1989 | Alpha/Compose |
| Bolivia | 1991 | Music Masters |
| At Jazz Jamboree Warszawa '91: A Tribute to Miles | 2000 | Starburst |
| Live at Fat Tuesday's | 1992 | Music Masters |
| Blues for Miles | 1992 | Evidence |
| MMTC: Monk, Miles, Trane & Cannon | 1995 | Music Masters |
| New Colors | 2001 | Hip Bop |
| On the Real Side | 2008 | Times Square |

### Como acompañante

| Músico principal | Título | Sello | Año |
| Manny Albam | The Soul of the City | Solid State | 1966 |
| Roberto Ávila & Sarava | Come to Brazil | Sonet | 1989 |
| George Benson | The Other Side of Abbey Road | A&M/CTI | 1969 |
| Walter Benton | Out of this World | Jazzland | 1960 |
| Art Blakey | Mosaic | Blue Note | 1961 |
| Art Blakey | Buhaina's Delight | Blue Note | 1961 |
| Art Blakey | A Jazz Hour with Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers: Blues March | Jazz Hour | 1961 [1992] |
| Art Blakey | Three Blind Mice | United Artists | 1962 |
| Art Blakey | Caravan | Riverside | 1962 |
| Art Blakey | Ugetsu | Riverside | 1963 |
| Art Blakey | Kyoto | Riverside | 1964 |
| Art Blakey | Free for All | Blue Note | 1964 |
| Art Blakey | Golden Boy | Colpix | 1964 |
| Art Blakey | Soul Finger | Limelight | 1965 |
| Tina Brooks | True Blue | Blue Note | 1960 |
| Kenny Burrell | God Bless the Child | CTI | 1971 |
| George Cables | Cables' Vision | Contemporary | 1979 |
| Betty Carter | Droppin' Things | Verve | 1990 |
| Ornette Coleman | Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation | Atlantic | 1960 |
| John Coltrane | Olé Coltrane | Atlantic | 1961 |
| John Coltrane | Africa/Brass (ensemble) | Impulse! | 1961 |
| John Coltrane | Ascension | Impulse! | 1965 |
| Richard Davis | Muses for Richard Davis | MPS | 1969 |
| Eric Dolphy | Outward Bound | New Jazz | 1960 |
| Eric Dolphy | Out to Lunch! | Blue Note | 1964 |
| Kenny Drew | Undercurrent | Blue Note | 1960 |
| Charles Earland | Leaving This Planet | Prestige | 1973 |
| Bill Evans | Interplay | Riverside | 1962 |
| Booker Ervin | Booker 'n' Brass | Pacific Jazz Records | 1967 |
| Joe Farrell | Sonic Text | Contemporary | 1980 |
| Curtis Fuller | Boss of the Soul-Stream Trombone | Warwick | 1960 |
| Curtis Fuller | Soul Trombone | Impulse! | 1961 |
| Curtis Fuller | Cabin in the Sky | Impulse! | 1962 |
| Dizzy Gillespie, Clark Terry and Oscar Peterson | The Trumpet Summit Meets the Oscar Peterson Big 4 | Pablo | 1980 |
| Dizzy Gillespie, Clark Terry and Oscar Peterson | The Alternate Blues | Pablo | 1980 |
| Benny Golson | Pop + Jazz = Swing — jazz part also released as Just Jazz! | Audio Fidelity | 1961 |
| Benny Golson | Take a Number from 1 to 10 | Argo | 1961 |
| Dexter Gordon | Doin' Allright | Blue Note | 1961 |
| Dexter Gordon | Clubhouse | Blue Note | 1964 |
| Dexter Gordon | Generation | Prestige | 1972 |
| Dexter Gordon | The Other Side of Round Midnight | Blue Note | 1986 |
| Slide Hampton | Slide Hampton and His Horn of Plenty | Strand | 1959 |
| Slide Hampton | Sister Salvation | Atlantic | 1960 |
| Slide Hampton | Drum Suite | Epic | 1962 |
| Herbie Hancock | Takin' Off | Blue Note | 1962 |
| Herbie Hancock | Empyrean Isles | Blue Note | 1964 |
| Herbie Hancock | Maiden Voyage | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Herbie Hancock | Blow-Up | MGM | 1966 |
| Herbie Hancock | VSOP | Columbia | 1977 |
| Herbie Hancock | VSOP: The Quintet | Columbia | 1977 |
| Herbie Hancock | VSOP: Tempest in the Colosseum | Columbia | 1977 |
| Herbie Hancock | VSOP: Live Under the Sky | Columbia | 1979 |
| Herbie Hancock | Round Midnight (Banda sonora) | Columbia | 1986 |
| Jimmy Heath | The Quota | Riverside | 1961 |
| Jimmy Heath | Triple Threat | Riverside | 1962 |
| Joe Henderson | Big Band | Verve | 1996 |
| Andrew Hill | Pax | Blue Note | 1965 [1975] |
| Andrew Hill | Compulsion!!!!! | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Bobby Hutcherson | Dialogue | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Bobby Hutcherson | Highway One | Columbia | 1978 |
| Milt Jackson | Sunflower | CTI | 1973 |
| Billy Joel | 52nd Street — trumpet on "Zanzibar" only | Columbia | 1978 |
| Elton John | Reg Strikes Back | Rocket/Mercury | 1988 |
| J. J. Johnson | J.J. Inc. | Columbia | 1961 |
| Quincy Jones | I Dig Dancers | Mercury | 1960 |
| Quincy Jones | Walking in Space | A&M/CTI | 1969 |
| John Lewis | Essence | Atlantic | 1962 |
| Kirk Lightsey | Temptation | Timeless | 1991 |
| Ronnie Mathews | Doin' the Thang! | Prestige | 1963 |
| Jackie McLean | Bluesnik | Blue Note | 1961 |
| The Modern Jazz Quartet | MJQ & Friends: A 40th Anniversary Celebration | Atlantic | 1994 |
| Wes Montgomery | Fingerpickin | Pacific Jazz | 1958 |
| Wes Montgomery | Road Song | A&M | 1968 |
| Hank Mobley | Roll Call | Blue Note | 1960 |
| Alphonse Mouzon | By All Means | Pausa | 1980 |
| Oliver Nelson | The Blues and the Abstract Truth | Impulse! | 1961 |
| Duke Pearson | Dedication! | Jazzline/Prestige | 1961 [1970] |
| Duke Pearson | Sweet Honey Bee | Blue Note | 1966 |
| Duke Pearson | The Right Touch | Blue Note | 1967 |
| Oscar Peterson | Face to Face | Pablo | 1982 |
| Sam Rivers | Contours | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Max Roach | Drums Unlimited | Atlantic | 1965 |
| Sonny Rollins | East Broadway Run Down | Impulse! | 1966 |
| Rufus | Numbers | ABC | 1979 |
| Poncho Sánchez | Cambios | | 1991 |
| Don Sebesky | Giant Box | CTI | 1973 |
| Lalo Schifrin | Once a Thief and Other Themes | Verve | 1965 |
| Wayne Shorter | Wayning Moments | Vee-Jay | 1962 |
| Wayne Shorter | Speak No Evil | Blue Note | 1964 |
| Wayne Shorter | The Soothsayer | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Wayne Shorter | The All Seeing Eye | Blue Note | 1965 |
| Leon Thomas | A Piece of Cake | Palcoscenico | |
| Stanley Turrentine | Sugar | CTI | 1970 |
| McCoy Tyner | Together | Milestone | 1978 |
| McCoy Tyner | Quartets 4 X 4 — on three tracks as part of one quartet | Milestone | 1980 |
| Cedar Walton | Soundscapes | Columbia | 1980 |
| Randy Weston | Uhuru Afrika | Roulette | 1960 |
| Randy Weston | Blue Moses | CTI | 1972 |