OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# -stül
## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* -stől

### Etymology

From -st (adverb of manner suffix) +‎ -ül (adverb of manner suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃtyl]

### Suffix

-stül
* (adverb-forming suffix) with, together with, along with. Forms the sociative case (sometimes also referred to as comitative case), although it is not an actual case from a strictly syntactic point of view.

#### Usage notes

* (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -stul is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
       ruha (“clothes”) → ruhástul – with his/her/their clothes on
    -stül is added to front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
       bögre (“mug”) → bögréstül – along with his/her/their mug
    -ostul is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant
       család (“family”) → családostul – together with his/her/their family
    -astul is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
       héj (“peel, shell”) → héjastul – including its peel/shell
    -estül is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
       gyerek (“child”) → gyerekestül – along with his/her/their child or children
    -östül is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
       öltöny (“suit”) → öltönyöstül – in his/her/their suit
* Although it is similar to the instrumental case suffixes -val and -vel (and sometimes interchangeable with it, with the notable exception of referring to the instrument of the action), its usage is more limited. It creates the idea that the group of people or things mentioned comprises a single unit and it inherently belongs together.
* It can only be added to singular nouns. Some of the words it occurs with: család, kamat, csapat, ruha, gyökér, tő, ajtó, héj, szőr-bőr, ló, test-lélek, kutya, cipő, tok, kalitka, gyerek, feleség, sereg, asszony, bőr, zacskó, áfa, tömeg, lány, háttér, ablak.

#### Derived terms
### See also

* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

### References

* ↑ -stül in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
# -stől
## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃtøːl]

### Suffix

-stől
* (adverb-forming suffix) Alternative form of -stül.

### See also

* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
# -stóm
## Irish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma, “mouth”).

### Suffix

-stóm m
* -stome

#### Declension

First declension
# Rontini
## Italian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Rontini m or f by sense
* a surname

### Anagrams

* intorni, introni, nitrino
# Rontău
## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian Rontó.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Rontău m
* A village in Sânmartin, Bihor, Romania
# preunitario
## Italian
### Etymology

From pre- +‎ unitario.

### Adjective

preunitario (feminine preunitaria, masculine plural preunitari, feminine plural preunitarie)
* preunification
# preunification
## English
### Etymology

From pre- +‎ unification.

### Adjective

preunification (not comparable)
* Prior to unification.
# вырыло
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɨrɨɫə]

### Verb

вы́рыло • (výrylo)
* neuter singular past indicative perfective of вы́рыть (výrytʹ)
# заљубљивати
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaʎubʎǐːʋati/
* Hyphenation: за‧љуб‧љи‧ва‧ти

### Verb

заљубљи́вати impf (Latin spelling zaljubljívati)
* (intransitive) to fall in love

#### Related terms

* заљу́бити pf
# зевотами
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zʲɪˈvotəmʲɪ]

### Noun

зево́тами • (zevótami) f inan pl
* instrumental plural of зево́та (zevóta)
# विश्वकर्मा
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit विश्वकर्मा (viśvakarmā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɪʃ.ʋə.kəɾ.mɑː/, [ʋɪʃ.ʋɐ.kɐɾ.mäː]

### Proper noun

विश्वकर्मा • (viśvakarmā) m (Urdu spelling وشوکرما)
* (Hinduism) Vishvakarman, the architect of heaven

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Proper noun

विश्वकर्मा • (viśvakarmā) stem, m
* masculine nominative singular of विश्वकर्मन् (viśvakarman)
# विश्वनाथ
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱিশ্বনাথ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬶᬰ᭄ᬯᬦᬵᬣ (Balinese script)
* বিশ্বনাথ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰰𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰡𑰯𑰞 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀦𑀸𑀣 (Brahmi script)
* ဝိၐွနာထ (Burmese script)
* વિશ્વનાથ (Gujarati script)
* ਵਿਸ਼੍ਵਨਾਥ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌿𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌨𑌾𑌥 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦶꦯ꧀ꦮꦤꦴꦡ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂱𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂢𑂰𑂟 (Kaithi script)
* ವಿಶ್ವನಾಥ (Kannada script)
* វិឝ្វនាថ (Khmer script)
* ວິຨ຺ວນາຖ (Lao script)
* വിശ്വനാഥ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡳᡧᠣᠸᠠᠨᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘱𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘡𑘰𑘞 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠢᠱᢦᠨᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧒𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧁𑧑𑦾 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐶𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐣𑐵𑐠 (Newa script)
* ଵିଶ୍ଵନାଥ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢶꢯ꣄ꢮꢥꢵꢢ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆴𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆤𑆳𑆡 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖰𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖡𑖯𑖞 (Siddham script)
* විශ‍්වනාථ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩑𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩯𑩛𑩬 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚮𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚝𑚭𑚚 (Takri script)
* விஶ்வநாத² (Tamil script)
* విశ్వనాథ (Telugu script)
* วิศฺวนาถ (Thai script)
* ཝི་ཤྭ་ནཱ་ཐ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒢𑒰𑒟 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨁𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨝𑨊𑨚 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Compound of विश्व (víśva, “world”) +‎ नाथ (nāthá, “protector, lord”)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋiɕ.ʋɐ.nɑː.tʰɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋiɕ.ʋɐˈn̪ɑː.t̪ʰɐ/

### Proper noun

विश्वनाथ • (viśvanāthá) stem, m
* an epithet of Shiva, especially as the object of worship at Varanasi

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: বিশ্বনাথ (biśśonath)
* → Gujarati: વિશ્વનાથ (viśvanāth)
* → Hindi: विश्वनाथ (viśvanāth)
* → Kannada: ವಿಶ್ವನಾಥ (viśvanātha)
* → Marathi: विश्वनाथ (viśvanāth)
* → Tamil: விசுவநாதன் (vicuvanātaṉ), விஸ்வநாதன் (visvanātaṉ), விச்சுவநாதன் (viccuvanātaṉ)
* → Telugu: విశ్వనాథుడు (viśvanāthuḍu)
# विश्व विरासत स्थल
## Hindi
### Etymology

Calque of English World Heritage Site.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɪʃ.ʋə ʋɪ.ɾɑː.sət̪ st̪ʰəl/, [ʋɪʃ.ʋɐ‿ʋɪ.ɾäː.sɐt̪‿st̪ʰɐl]

### Noun

विश्व विरासत स्थल • (viśva virāsat sthal) m
* World Heritage Site
    Synonym: विश्व धरोहर स्थल (viśva dharohar sthal)
# presharpened
## English
### Verb

presharpened
* simple past and past participle of presharpen
# заручник
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zǎːrut͡ʃniːk/
* Hyphenation: за‧руч‧ник

### Noun

за́ручнӣк m (Latin spelling záručnīk)
* (usually Croatia) fiancé
    Synonyms: вје̏ренӣк, ве̏ренӣк

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

за- (za-) +‎ рука́ (ruká) +‎ -ник (-nyk)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɐˈrut͡ʃnek]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

зару́чник • (zarúčnyk) m pers (genitive зару́чника, nominative plural зару́чники, genitive plural зару́чників, feminine зару́чниця)
* hostage
    Synonym: (dated) зало́жник m (zalóžnyk)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “заручник”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “заручник”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “заручник”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “заручник”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “заручник”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# заручитися
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From заручи́ти (zaručýty) +‎ -ся (-sja). Compare Russian заручи́ться (zaručítʹsja, “to secure, to enlist”), Belarusian заручы́цца (zaručýcca), Polish zaręczyć się (“to get engaged/betrothed”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɐrʊˈt͡ʃɪtesʲɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

заручи́тися • (zaručýtysja) pf (imperfective заруча́тися)
* to get engaged, to become betrothed [with з (z, + instrumental) ‘to somebody’]
* to secure, to enlist [with instrumental ‘somebody's support, consent, etc.’]
    Synonym: забезпе́чити собі́ pf (zabezpéčyty sobí)

#### Conjugation
### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2014), “заручитися”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (з – зв'я́нути), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “заручитися”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1972), “заручитися”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (З), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 298
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “заручитися”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “заручитися”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “заручитися”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “заручитися”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# Saint-Dominican
## English
### Adjective

Saint-Dominican (comparative more Saint-Dominican, superlative most Saint-Dominican)
* Alternative spelling of Saint Dominican.
** 1967, Hubert Cole, Christophe, King of Haiti, Viking Press, →ISBN, page 57:But this, from King's point of view, was almost equally unacceptable, since the French corsairs who used the Saint-Dominican ports would be better supplied for their attacks on American shipping. He asked for an additional paragraph banning privateers from ports under Toussaint's control.

### Noun

Saint-Dominican (plural Saint-Dominicans)
* Alternative spelling of Saint Dominican.
# Saint-Dominguois
## English
### Etymology

From French saint-dominguois.

### Adjective

Saint-Dominguois
* Synonym of Dominguan.
** 2002, Anthropological Linguistics:The first fluent speakers of such an early Saint-Dominguois/Haitian Creole could not have been those that Lefebvre considers the principal agents of creole genesis, namely, the African-bom adults who were being transported en masse to ...

### Noun

Saint-Dominguois (plural Saint-Dominguois)
* Synonym of Dominguan.
** 1985, David Nicholls, Haiti In Caribbean Context, Springer, →ISBN, page 87:The colonial whites had, as a result, little loyalty towards the territory, recognising a common interest as planters or merchants but not as Saint-Dominguois.
** 1997, Albert Valdman, French and Creole in Louisiana, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 20:The Saint-Dominguois, many of whom were bilingual in French and Creole, would have shifted to French. The conditions for the emergence of a French-based Creole might have existed in the early stages of the Louisiana colony, at least in ...
# लोकतांत्रिकता
## Hindi
### Etymology

Sanskritic formation from लोकतांत्रिक (loktāntrik) +‎ -ता (-tā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /loːk.t̪ɑːn.t̪ɾɪk.t̪ɑː/, [loːk.t̪ä̃ːn̪.t̪ɾɪk.t̪äː]

### Noun

लोकतांत्रिकता • (loktāntriktā) f
* democraticness
    Antonym: अलोकतांत्रिकता (aloktāntriktā)
# preparazione
## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin praeparātiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pre.pa.ratˈt͡sjo.ne/
* Rhymes: -one
* Hyphenation: pre‧pa‧ra‧zió‧ne

### Noun

preparazione f (plural preparazioni)
* preparation
* qualification, background, knowledge, grounding
* (sports) training
* (pharmacology) preparation

#### Related terms

* preparare
# preparavi
## Italian
### Verb

preparavi
* second-person singular imperfect indicative of preparare

### Anagrams

* riapparve
# adumbrere
## Latin
### Verb

adumbrēre
* second-person singular present passive subjunctive of adumbrō
# J-kurvas
## Swedish
### Noun

J-kurvas
* indefinite genitive singular of J-kurva
# J-kurvorna
## Swedish
### Noun

J-kurvorna
* definite plural of J-kurva
# J-school
## English
### Etymology

The initial letter of journalism plus school. Compare B-school.

### Noun

J-school (plural J-schools)
* (informal) A school or a division within a college or university teaching topics related to the practice of journalism.
** 2011, Gil Asakawa, “It’s Been 3 Years Since The “War Against Asians” Story Ran In CU’s Student News Site”, in HuffPost‎:The website itself changed it name, to the CU Independent, and changed from a class within the J-school to a student activity, making it more truly independent from the university (though it’s still funded in large part by the school).
** 2018, Bill Grueskin, “Do we still need J-schools? Yes, more than ever”, in Columbia Journalism Review‎:J-schools used to see themselves largely as training grounds for the cannon fodder that would head off to local radio and TV stations and newspapers.
# J-kurvor
## Swedish
### Noun

J-kurvor
* indefinite plural of J-kurva
# J-pole antenna
## English
### Etymology

From its shape, like the letter J.

### Noun

J-pole antenna (plural J-pole antennas)
* A vertical omnidirectional transmitting antenna used in the shortwave frequency bands.
    Synonym: J antenna

### See also

* Zepp antenna
# отстреливаться
## Russian
### Etymology

отстре́ливать (otstrélivatʹ) +‎ -ся (-sja)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐt͡sˈstrʲelʲɪvət͡sə]

### Verb

отстре́ливаться • (otstrélivatʹsja) impf (perfective отстреля́ться)
* to shoot back [with от (ot, + genitive) ‘at someone/something’]
* passive of отстре́ливать (otstrélivatʹ)

#### Related terms

* отстре́ливать impf (otstrélivatʹ), отстреля́ть pf (otstreljátʹ)
* стреля́ть impf (streljátʹ), стрельну́ть pf (strelʹnútʹ)
* стреля́ться (streljátʹsja)
* -стрели́ть (-strelítʹ)
* стре́ляный (stréljanyj)
* стрела́ (strelá), стре́лка (strélka), стрелко́вый (strelkóvyj)
* стрело́к (strelók), стре́лочник (stréločnik)
* стрельба́ (strelʹbá), стре́льбище (strélʹbišče)
* стреле́ц (streléc)
* стре́льчатый (strélʹčatyj)
# отстреливаются
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐt͡sˈstrʲelʲɪvəjʊt͡sə]

### Verb

отстре́ливаются • (otstrélivajutsja)
* third-person plural present indicative imperfective of отстре́ливаться (otstrélivatʹsja)
# adunavate
## Italian
### Verb

adunavate
* second-person plural imperfect indicative of adunare
# adunaveramus
## Latin
### Verb

adūnāverāmus
* first-person plural pluperfect active indicative of adūnō
# adunaturus
## Latin
### Etymology

Future active participle of adūnō

### Participle

adūnātūrus (feminine adūnātūra, neuter adūnātūrum); first/second-declension participle
* about to unite

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.
# adunavam
## Portuguese
### Verb

adunavam
* third-person plural imperfect indicative of adunar
# примирахте
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [priˈmirɐxtɛ]

### Verb

прими́рахте • (primírahte)
* second-person plural imperfect indicative of прими́рам (primíram)
* second-person plural aorist indicative of прими́рам (primíram)
# Java-Nashorne
## German
### Noun

Java-Nashorne n
* dative singular of Java-Nashorn
# Java-Tiger
## German
### Etymology

Java (“Java”) +‎ Tiger (“tiger”)

### Noun

Java-Tiger m (strong, genitive Java-Tigers, plural Java-Tiger)
* Javan tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica)
# Jav.
## English
### Proper noun

Jav.
* Abbreviation of Javanese.
# ощетиниться
## Russian
### Etymology

ощети́нить (oščetínitʹ) +‎ -ся (-sja)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐɕːɪˈtʲinʲɪt͡sə]

### Verb

ощети́ниться • (oščetínitʹsja) pf (imperfective ощети́ниваться or щети́ниться)
* to bristle up
* (figuratively) to get angry
* passive of ощети́нить (oščetínitʹ)
# reprodukcji
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛprɔˈdukt͡sji/
* Rhymes: -ukt͡sji
* Syllabification: re‧pro‧duk‧cji

### Noun

reprodukcji
* genitive singular of reprodukcja
* dative singular of reprodukcja
* locative singular of reprodukcja
# reprodukcją
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /rɛprɔˈdukt͡sjɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /rɛprɔˈdukt͡sjɔm/
* Rhymes: -ukt͡sjɔw̃, -ukt͡sjɔm
* Syllabification: re‧pro‧duk‧cją

### Noun

reprodukcją
* instrumental singular of reprodukcja
# reprense
## Latin
### Participle

reprēnse
* vocative masculine singular of reprēnsus
# repletarnos
## Spanish
### Verb

repletarnos
* infinitive of repletar combined with nos
# repletarán
## Spanish
### Verb

repletarán
* third-person plural future indicative of repletar
# repletarás
## Spanish
### Verb

repletarás
* second-person singular future indicative of repletar
# приложила
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɪɫɐˈʐɨɫə]

### Verb

приложи́ла • (priložíla)
* feminine singular past indicative perfective of приложи́ть (priložítʹ)
# aequidistantis
## Latin
### Adjective

aequidistantis
* genitive masculine/feminine/neuter singular of aequidistāns
# aequidistantium
## Latin
### Adjective

aequidistantium
* genitive masculine/feminine/neuter plural of aequidistāns
# aerotransportareis
## Spanish
### Verb

aerotransportareis
* second-person plural future subjunctive of aerotransportar
# приобщает
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɪɐpˈɕːæ(j)ɪt]

### Verb

приобща́ет • (priobščájet)
* third-person singular present indicative imperfective of приобща́ть (priobščátʹ)
# приобщается
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɪɐpˈɕːæ(j)ɪt͡sə]

### Verb

приобща́ется • (priobščájetsja)
* third-person singular present indicative imperfective of приобща́ться (priobščátʹsja)
# 三文治
## Chinese

* 三文治 (Cantonese)
* 三文治 (Written Standard Chinese)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English sandwich. The transliteration was found in an 1922 article in a literary collection by Lu Xun.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sānwénzhì
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ ㄨㄣˊ ㄓˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saam$^1$ man$^4$ zi$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sānwénzhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄨㄣˊ ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sanwúnjhìh
*** Wade–Giles: san$^1$-wên$^2$-chih$^4$
*** Yale: sān-wén-jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanwenjyh
*** Palladius: саньвэньчжи (sanʹvɛnʹčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /sän⁵⁵ wən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saam$^1$ man$^4$ zi$^6$
*** Yale: sāam màhn jih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saam$^1$ man$^4$ dzi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sam$^1$ men$^4$ ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːm⁵⁵ mɐn²¹ t͡siː²²/

### Noun

三文治
* sandwich (Classifier: 件 c; 份 c)
    From: 1922 April 12, 魯迅 [Lu Xun], 《熱風》
    Rán'ér bù de, yòng yīngwén, bùguò shì Chocolate apricot sandwich. Wǒ mǎi dìng le bā hé zhè “huángméi zhūgǔlǜ sānwénzhì”, fù guò qián, jiāng tāmen zhuāng rù yīdài lǐ. [Pinyin]
    Yet it wasn't; written in English was just "Chocolate apricot sandwich". I took eight boxes of this "chocolate apricot sandwich", paid, and put them in my pocket.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 三明治, 三文治, 三味治 rare |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 三明治 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 三文治 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 三梅子 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 三明治 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 三明治 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 三明治 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 三文治 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 三明治 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 三文治 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 三文治 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 三明治 |

#### Derived terms

* 公司三文治 (gōngsī sānwénzhì)
* 雪糕三文治
# 䲉

| 䲉 | U+4C89, &#19593; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4C89 |
| ← 䲈 [U+4C88] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 䲊 → [U+4C8A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

䲉 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+12, 23 strokes, cangjie input 弓火廿金中 (NFTCL), composition ⿰魚斯)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1477, character 37
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4712, character 16
* Unihan data for U+4C89

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sī (si$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sī
*** Zhuyin: ㄙ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sih
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^1$
*** Yale: sz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sy
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^1$
*** Yale: sī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː⁵⁵/

### Definitions

䲉
* a kind of fish
* a second name for tuna
# Janowitzian
## English
### Etymology

From Janowitz +‎ -ian.

### Adjective

Janowitzian (comparative more Janowitzian, superlative most Janowitzian)
* Of or relating to Morris Janowitz (1919–1988), American sociologist and professor who made major contributions to sociological theory, the study of prejudice, urban issues, and patriotism.
# Janowski
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish Janowski.

### Proper noun

Janowski (plural Janowskis)
* A surname from Polish.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Janowski is the 14558th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 2047 individuals. Janowski is most common among White (95.75%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Janowski”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 243.

## Polish
### Etymology

From Janów, Janowo, Janowa, or Janowice (place names) + -ski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jaˈnɔfski/
* Rhymes: -ɔfski
* Syllabification: Ja‧now‧ski

### Proper noun

Janowski m pers (female equivalent Janowska)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### See also

* Appendix:Polish surnames
# пеняли
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɪˈnʲælʲɪ]

### Verb

пеня́ли • (penjáli)
* plural past indicative imperfective of пеня́ть (penjátʹ)
# Iudicum
## Latin
### Proper noun

Iūdicum
* genitive plural of Iūdicēs
# Iugoslàvia
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ju.ɣuzˈla.βi.ə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ju.ɣozˈla.vi.ə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ju.ɣozˈla.vi.a]

### Proper noun

Iugoslàvia f
* Yugoslavia

#### Related terms

* iugoslau
# 不甘落後
## Chinese

| | | to be unwilling; to not want to | to lag behind; to fall behind; to retrogressto lag behind; to fall behind; to retrogress; backward; underdeveloped |
| trad. (不甘落後) | trad. (不甘落後) | 不甘 | 落後 |
| simp. (不甘落后) | simp. (不甘落后) | 不甘 | 落后 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bùgānluòhòu
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄍㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bat$^1$ gam$^1$ lok$^6$ hau$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bùgānluòhòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄍㄢ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄏㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bùganluòhòu
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$-kan$^1$-lo$^4$-hou$^4$
*** Yale: bù-gān-lwò-hòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buganluohhow
*** Palladius: буганьлохоу (buganʹloxou)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹ kän⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bat$^1$ gam$^1$ lok$^6$ hau$^6$
*** Yale: bāt gām lohk hauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bat$^7$ gam$^1$ lok$^9$ hau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bed$^1$ gem$^1$ log$^6$ heo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐt̚⁵ kɐm⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² hɐu̯²²/

### Idiom

不甘落後
* to be not content to lag behind; to be unwilling to be left behind