# δεῦρο
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* δεῦρ’ (deûr’) — apocopic
* δεῦρυ (deûru) — Aeolic
* δεύρω (deúrō) — Homeric
* δευρί (deurí), δεῦρε (deûre), δευρεί (deureí) — Attic

### Etymology

Probably a combination of demonstrative Proto-Indo-European *de, whence also the enclitic -δε (-de, denoting motion towards), + Proto-Indo-European *ure, *uro (“where”), whence Lithuanian aurè, Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬀 (auuara), Old Armenian ուր (ur), Umbrian 𐌖𐌓𐌖 (uru). A Mycenaean Greek cognate may exist in the first element, *𐀆𐀸𐀫 (de-we-ro), of 𐀆𐀸𐀫𐁁𐀒𐀨𐀂𐀊 (de-we-ro-ai-ko-ra-i-ja, “a part of the kingdom of Pylos”).
The expected proximal destination demonstrative reflex is ἐνθάδε (entháde), but it has become the proximal place one, leaving this word as the specifically destination one.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dêu̯.ro/ → /ˈðe.βro/ → /ˈðe.vro/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dêu̯.ro/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈdew.ro/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈðe.βro/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈðe.vro/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈðe.vro/

### Adverb

δεῦρο • (deûro)
* (of locations) hither
** 2022 May 18, Seumas Macdonald, chapter 5, in Linguae Graecae Per Se Illustrata‎:αἱ δὲ καλοῦσιν, λέγουσαι, «Δημήτριε, ἐλθὲ δεῦρο.»hai dè kaloûsin, légousai, «Dēmḗtrie, elthè deûro.»They call out, saying, "Demetrius, come hither."
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.153
*** Homer, Iliad 3.405
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.444
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 663
*** Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1165
*** Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1253
** 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 666
** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 426
** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 266
** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 143a
** (later) here
** (rhetoric) up to this point of the argument
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 217e
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 814d
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 292c
*** 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 15.453
* (of time) until now, hitherto
** 360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 21δ
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.64
** 1 CE – 100 CE, Onasander, Praef. 7
** 200 CE – 400 CE, Heliodorus of Emesa, Aethiopica 1.19
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 811c
** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 670
** 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 56
** 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 1135
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 596

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### Interjection

δεῦρο • (deûro) (dual & plural δεῦτε or δεῦρο)
* (with 2nd person singular imperative) come on!
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.130
*** Homer, Iliad 7.75
*** Homer, Iliad 11.314
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.145
*** Homer, Odyssey 22.395
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 1041
** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 724
* (with 1st person plural subjunctive) come let us...
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.292
* (without a verb) come here!
** 630 BCE – 570 BCE, Sappho, Collected Works 84
** 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 881
** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 144d
** c. 380 BC, Plato (aut.), J. Burnet (ed.), Πολιτεία in Platonis Opera IV (1905), St. II Respublica V 477 d, ll. 7–8:
    Δεῦρο δὴ πάλιν, ἦν δ᾽ ἐγώ, ὦ ἄριστε. ἐπιστήμην πότερον δύναμίν τινα φῂς εἶναι αὐτήν, ἢ εἰς τί γένος τιθεῖς;
* (later) go away!
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 2 Kings 3.13

#### Descendants

* Latin: deurodē

### Noun

δεῦρο • (deûro) n pl (indeclinable)
* sensible objects
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 991b.30
** 350 BCE, Aristotle, On the Heavens 1.2
** 100 CE – 200 CE, Maximus of Tyre, Collected Works 14.7

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δεῦρο”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 319

### Further reading

* “δεῦρο”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “δεῦτε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “δεῦρο”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “δεῦρο”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* δεῦρο in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* δεῦρο in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* δεῦρο in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* δεῦτε in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* “δεῦρο”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G1204 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* G1205 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. hither idem, page 401.hitherto idem, page 401.this idem, page 867.up idem, page 937.