# 牽引
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiānyǐn
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ ㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hin$^1$ jan$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiên-yîn / khiân-yîn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khan-ín / khian-ín
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiānyǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ ㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cianyǐn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^1$-yin$^3$
*** Yale: chyān-yǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chianyiin
*** Palladius: цяньинь (cjanʹinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ in²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hin$^1$ jan$^5$
*** Yale: hīn yáhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hin$^1$ jan$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hin$^1$ yen$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːn⁵⁵ jɐn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiên-yîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: kien$^ˊ$ in$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^1$ yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ in²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiân-yîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: kian$^ˊ$ (r)in$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^1$ yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)in²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khan-ín
*** Tâi-lô: khan-ín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qan'ien
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ in⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰan⁴⁴⁻³³ in⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰan⁴⁴⁻²² in⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰan³³ in⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khian-ín
*** Tâi-lô: khian-ín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qien'ien
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ in⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ in⁴¹/

### Verb

牽引
* to pull; to tow; to haul
* (medicine) to carry out traction
* (literary) to involve in trouble; to implicate
* (literary) to rope in; to get (someone) involved (often through unscrupulous means such as bribery)

#### Synonyms

* (to pull):
* 扳
* 拖 (tuō)
* 拉動／拉动 (lādòng)
* 拖拉 (tuōlā)
* 拖曳 (tuōyè)
* 挽 (wǎn)
* (to involve in trouble):
* 拖累 (tuōlěi)
* 株連／株连 (zhūlián) (in a criminal case)
* 牽累／牵累 (qiānlěi)
* 牽連／牵连 (qiānlián)
* 連帶／连带 (liándài)
* 連累／连累
* (to rope in): 拉攏／拉拢 (lālǒng)

#### Derived terms

* 牽引光束／牵引光束 (qiānyǐn guāngshù)
* 牽引力／牵引力
* 牽引機／牵引机
* 牽引波束／牵引波束 (qiānyǐn bōshù)
* 牽引療法／牵引疗法
* 牽引車／牵引车 (qiānyǐnchē)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 牽 | 引 |
| けん Jinmeiyō | いん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* けん引

### Noun

牽(けん)引(いん) • (ken'in)
* traction
* towage

### Verb

牽(けん)引(いん)する • (ken'in suru) suru (stem 牽(けん)引(いん)し (ken'in shi), past 牽(けん)引(いん)した (ken'in shita))
* pull, tow

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 牽引し | けんいんし | ken'in shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 牽引し | けんいんし | ken'in shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 牽引する | けんいんする | ken'in suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 牽引する | けんいんする | ken'in suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 牽引すれ | けんいんすれ | ken'in sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 牽引せよ¹ 牽引しろ² | けんいんせよ¹ けんいんしろ² | ken'in seyo¹ ken'in shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 牽引される | けんいんされる | ken'in sareru |
| Causative | 牽引させる 牽引さす | けんいんさせる けんいんさす | ken'in saseru ken'in sasu |
| Potential | 牽引できる | けんいんできる | ken'in dekiru |
| Volitional | 牽引しよう | けんいんしよう | ken'in shiyō |
| Negative | 牽引しない | けんいんしない | ken'in shinai |
| Negative continuative | 牽引せず | けんいんせず | ken'in sezu |
| Formal | 牽引します | けんいんします | ken'in shimasu |
| Perfective | 牽引した | けんいんした | ken'in shita |
| Conjunctive | 牽引して | けんいんして | ken'in shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 牽引すれば | けんいんすれば | ken'in sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||