# 通話
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tōnghuà
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tung$^1$ waa$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thong-ōe / thong-ōa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tōnghuà
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tonghuà
*** Wade–Giles: tʻung$^1$-hua$^4$
*** Yale: tūng-hwà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tonghuah
*** Palladius: тунхуа (tunxua)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$通化 通話／通话
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tung$^1$ waa$^6$
*** Yale: tūng wah
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tung$^1$ waa$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tung$^1$ wa$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-ōe
*** Tâi-lô: thong-uē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tong'oe
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ue²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ue³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ³³ ue⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-ōa
*** Tâi-lô: thong-uā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tong'oa
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ua²²/

### Verb

通⫽話 (verb-object) (intransitive)
* to talk over the telephone; to have a voice chat (via software)
* to converse
    From: 2021 May 3, Cao Zhiyun, 《发掘语言宝藏的价值——我国语言资源保护的现状和意义》, in 《光明日报》 [Guangming Daily], →ISSN, page 05
    Zhèjiāng Shěng Jīnhuá Shì fànwéi nèi de fāngyán dōu shǔyú jīnqúpiàn, dàn Jīnhuá hé Yìwū wúfǎ tōnghuà, Yìwū hé Dōngyáng wúfǎ tōnghuà, Dōngyáng hé Yǒngkāng wúfǎ tōnghuà...... Jīběnshàng yī ge xiàn yī zhǒng huà shènzhì jǐ zhǒng huà, gè xiàn zhījiān dōu wúfǎ tōnghuà. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* (to converse):
* 交談／交谈 (jiāotán)
* 對話／对话 (duìhuà)
* 敘談／叙谈 (xùtán)
* 會話／会话 (huìhuà)
* 談話／谈话 (tánhuà)
* 過話／过话 (guòhuà) (colloquial)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 通 | 話 |
| つう Grade: 2 | わ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つうわ [tsùúwá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨːβ̞a̠]

### Counter

通(つう)話(わ) • (-tsūwa)
* telephone calls, phone calls

### Noun

通(つう)話(わ) • (tsūwa)
* a phone call, a telephone call

### Verb

通(つう)話(わ)する • (tsūwa suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 通(つう)話(わ)し (tsūwa shi), past 通(つう)話(わ)した (tsūwa shita))
* talk on the phone

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 通話し | つうわし | tsūwa shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 通話し | つうわし | tsūwa shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 通話する | つうわする | tsūwa suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 通話する | つうわする | tsūwa suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 通話すれ | つうわすれ | tsūwa sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 通話せよ¹ 通話しろ² | つうわせよ¹ つうわしろ² | tsūwa seyo¹ tsūwa shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 通話される | つうわされる | tsūwa sareru |
| Causative | 通話させる 通話さす | つうわさせる つうわさす | tsūwa saseru tsūwa sasu |
| Potential | 通話できる | つうわできる | tsūwa dekiru |
| Volitional | 通話しよう | つうわしよう | tsūwa shiyō |
| Negative | 通話しない | つうわしない | tsūwa shinai |
| Negative continuative | 通話せず | つうわせず | tsūwa sezu |
| Formal | 通話します | つうわします | tsūwa shimasu |
| Perfective | 通話した | つうわした | tsūwa shita |
| Conjunctive | 通話して | つうわして | tsūwa shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 通話すれば | つうわすれば | tsūwa sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 通 | 話 |

### Noun

通話 • (tonghwa) (hangeul 통화)
* hanja form of 통화 (“phone call”)