# 𐎶𐎦𐏁
## Old Persian
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *magúš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *magʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ-ú-s, from *megʰ- (“to be able”), as priests were considered capable of powerful feats (though some, including Beekes, are implicitly skeptical).

### Noun

𐎶𐎦𐏁 (m-gu-š /maguš/) m
* Mazdean priest

#### Derived terms

* *Magukaʰ
** Middle Persian:
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mgwk /⁠maguk⁠/)
** → Elamite:
    Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒊌𒋡 (ma-ku-uk-ka₄ /⁠Makuka⁠/)
* *Maguvāyaʰ
** → Elamite:
    Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒈠𒀀𒅀 (ma-ku-ma-a-ia /⁠Makumāya⁠/)

#### Descendants

* Middle Persian: (/⁠mow⁠/)
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGWŠH)
    Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭬𐭢𐭥 (mgw)
*   * Persian: مغ (moğ)
*   * → Aghwan: 𐕌𐕒𐔲 (mog)
*   * → Old Armenian: մոգ (mog)
*   * → Old Georgian: მოგჳ (mogwi)
*   * → Sogdian: (/⁠maɣu⁠/)
       Sogdian script: 𐼺𐼴𐼲 (mwɣ)
       Syriac script: ܡܓ݂ܘ (mɣw), ܡܘܓ݂ (mwɣ)
* → Persian: مگوش (maguš) (learned)
* → Akkadian:
    Late Babylonian: 𒈠𒄖𒊺𒂊 (ma-gu-še-e /⁠magušē⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒋗 (ma-gu-šu /⁠magušu⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒋙 (ma-gu-šú /⁠maguš⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒍑 (ma-gu-uš /⁠maguš⁠/)
* → Aramaic:
    Imperial Aramaic: 𐡌𐡂𐡅𐡔 (mgwš), 𐡌𐡂𐡔 (mgš)
    Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מגושא (mgwšʾ)
*   * Classical Syriac: ܡܓܘܫܐ (məḡūšā)
*   * → Arabic: مَجُوس (majūs)
*   ** → Persian: مَجوس (majus)
*   * → Hebrew: מָג (māḡ)
* → Elamite:
    Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒆜 (ma-ku-iš /⁠makuiš⁠/)
* → Ancient Greek: μάγος (mágos)
** Greek: μάγος (mágos)
** → Coptic: ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ (magos)
** → Latin: magus (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 120
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μάγος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 889
* 1 2 3 Kent, Roland G. (1950) Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society
* 1 2 3 Tolman, Herbert Cushing (1908) “magu”, in Ancient Persian lexicon and the texts of the Achaemenidan inscriptions transliterated and translated with special reference to their recent re-examination (Vanderbilt Oriental Series; 6), New York/Cincinnati/Chicago: American Book Company, pages 115-116
* ↑ Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 37: “OP magu-”
* ↑ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1020 *Maguka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 236: “236”
* ↑ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1021 *Maguvāya-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 237: “237”
* 1 2 Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.4.3.3 Maguš (m-gu-u-š)”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 79: “79”
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1973) “8.921 Makuš”, in Onomastica Persepolitana: Das Altiranische Namengut der Persepolis-Täfelchen [Onomastica Persepolitana: The Old Iranian Personal Names of the Persepolis Tablets] (in German), Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, →ISBN, page 187