# Volapük
## English
### Alternative forms

* Volapuk

### Etymology

From Volapük Volapük.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɒləˌpʊk/, /ˈvɒləˌpjuk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* IPA: /volaˈpyk/ (using the original Volapük pronunciation of the word)
* Hyphenation: Vo‧la‧pük

### Proper noun

Volapük
* An artificial language (constructed language) created in 1879 by Johann Martin Schleyer.
** 1897 April, A. F. B. Crofton, “The Language of Crime”, in Popular Science Monthly‎, volume 50, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 834:...some authors have claimed that the slang of the criminal was a kind of international language for thieves, a Volapük of crime.
** 2004, Steven Roger Fischer, A history of language, Reaktion Books, →ISBN, page 180:The first practical constructed language was the south-west German Pastor Schleyer's Volapük from 1879; its complicated grammar and irregular vocabulary made learning difficult, however. The most successful has been Esperanto, devised by the Warsaw ophthalmologist Ludwig Zamenhof in 1887, that today can count some one million speakers.

#### Further reading

* ISO 639-1 code vo, ISO 639-3 code vol (SIL)

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Volapük Volapük.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /voːlaːˈpyk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Vo‧la‧pük
* Rhymes: -yk

### Proper noun

Volapük n
* Volapük (definite article is often omitted)

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from Volapük Volapük, from English world + speak.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌvoːlaˈpyːk/, /ˌvɔla-/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Volapük n (proper noun, strong, genitive Volapük or Volapüks)
* Volapük

#### Usage notes

* The word can be used with or without a definite article: (Das) Volapük ist eine konstruierte Sprache. (“Volapük is a constructed language.”) The form with no article is generally more common, but the article is necessary in the genitive case (die Grammatik des Volapük), and is common with the preposition in (die Pluralbildung im Volapük).

#### Derived terms

* Volapüklehrer

### See also

* Hilfssprache
* Welthilfssprache
* Weltsprache

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Vo‧la‧pük

### Proper noun

Volapük
* (linguistics) Volapük

#### Declension
## Volapük
### Alternative forms

* Volapꞟk, Vp (abbreviation)

### Etymology

Compound of vola (“of the world / world's”), genitive singular of vol (“world”) + pük (“language”) (morpheme structure: vol (“world”) + -a (“genitive morpheme”) + pük (“language”) = volapük (“world language”) / Volapük (“World Language”), i.e., Johann Martin Schleyer's Weltsprache (“World Language / Universal Language”). Johann Martin Schleyer created the compound noun volapük (vol + -a + pük) by both simplifying and deforming the English words: world (world > wol > vol) and speak / speech (speak / speech > pik > pük), which produced (lowercase generic term) volapük (any "worldspeak" or "world language") versus (uppercase specific term) Volapük, "the" Worldspeak / World Language / Weltsprache.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vo.laˈpyk/, [vo.laˈpyk]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Volapük
* Volapük (rarely lowercase, compare the generic term volapük versus the specific language called Volapük)
** 1938, “Pö yelacen”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 1:Volapük eprogedon nog no mödiko, e nog ai go no labülon pladi, kel demü patöfs sublimik okik duton lü on.Volapük has not yet made great progress, and is far from occupying the place it deserves due to its its superior qualities.

#### Declension

* $^1$ status as a case is disputed
* $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* Volapükagased
* Volapükaklub
* Volapükan
* Volapükatidan ( < Volapükatidel)
* Volapükitidan
* Volapükav
* Volapükavan
* Volapükik
* Volapükön

#### Related terms

* volapük
* volapükatidel

#### Descendants

* → Danish: volapyk
* → Dutch: Volapük
* → English: Volapük
* → German: Volapük
* → Turkish: Volapük
* → West Frisian: Volapük

## West Frisian
### Alternative forms

* Volapuk (superseded)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Volapük Volapük.

### Proper noun

Volapük
* Volapük

#### Usage notes

Variants may show up in older texts, but current practice in West Frisian is to either borrow the term wholesale (Volapük) or to use a phonological adaptation (unattested Folapúk).