# वृद्धि
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi). Doublet of बाढ़ (bāṛh), a tadbhava.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɾɪd̪.d̪ʱiː/, [ʋɾɪd̪̚.d̪ʱiː]

### Noun

वृद्धि • (vŕddhi) f (Urdu spelling وردھی)
* increase, growth, augmentation
    Synonym: वर्धन (vardhan)
* lengthening
* gain, profit
    Synonym: फ़ायदा (fāydā)
* (grammar) vrddhi

#### Declension
### References

* Platts, John T. (1884) “वृद्धि”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱৃদ্ধি (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬺᬤ᭄ᬥᬶ (Balinese script)
* বৃদ্ধি (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰴𑰟𑰿𑰠𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀾𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (Brahmi script)
* ဝၖဒ္ဓိ (Burmese script)
* વૃદ્ધિ (Gujarati script)
* ਵ੍ਰਦ੍ਧਿ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍃𑌦𑍍𑌧𑌿 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦽꦢ꧀ꦣꦶ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑃂𑂠𑂹𑂡𑂱 (Kaithi script)
* ವೃದ್ಧಿ (Kannada script)
* វ្ឫទ្ធិ (Khmer script)
* ວ຺ຣິທ຺ຘິ (Lao script)
* വൃദ്ധി (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡵᡳᡩᢡᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘵𑘟𑘿𑘠𑘱 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠷᠢᢑᢑᠾᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧖𑦿𑧠𑧀𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 (Newa script)
* ଵୃଦ୍ଧି (Odia script)
* ꢮꢺꢣ꣄ꢤꢶ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆸𑆢𑇀𑆣𑆴 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖴𑖟𑖿𑖠𑖰 (Siddham script)
* වෘද‍්ධි (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩙𑩭 𑪙𑩮𑩑 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚛𑚶𑚜𑚮 (Takri script)
* வ்ரித்³தி⁴ (Tamil script)
* వృద్ధి (Telugu script)
* วฺฤทฺธิ (Thai script)
* ཝྲྀ་དྡྷི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨛𑩇𑨜𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) +‎ -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋŕ̩d.dʱi/, [ʋŕ̩d̚.dʱi]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈʋr̩d̪.d̪ʱi/, [ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱi]

### Noun

वृद्धि • (vṛ́ddhi) stem, f
* growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.10.12:परि त्वा गिर्वणो गिर इमा भवन्तु विश्वतः । वृद्धायुमनु वृद्धयो जुष्टा भवन्तु जुष्टयः ॥pari tvā girvaṇo gira imā bhavantu viśvataḥ. vṛddhāyumanu vṛddhayo juṣṭā bhavantu juṣṭayaḥ.Thou who lovest hymns, may these hymns of ours encompass thee on every side May they be an augmentation to thee of lengthened life, may they be dear delights to thee.
** c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.2:वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मेvṛddhiś ca me satyaṃ ca me śraddhā ca meTo me [may] growth, truth and faith [be granted]
* advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness
* gain, profit
** profit from lending money; interest
*** c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 8.154:ऋणं दातुम् अशक्तो यः कर्तुम् इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् । स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत् ।।ṛṇaṃ dātum aśakto yaḥ kartum icchetpunaḥ kriyām. sa dattvā nirjitāṃ vṛddhiṃ karaṇaṃ parivartayet..He who, unable to pay a debt (at the fixed time), wishes to make a new contract, may renew the agreement, after paying the interest which is due.
*** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
* elevation (of the ground)
* swelling
* (grammar) vrddhi

#### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀠𑀺 (vaḍhi /⁠vaḍḍhi⁠/), 𐨬𐨝𐨁 (vaḍhi)
** Prakrit: 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vaḍḍhi)
*** Central:
**** Hindi: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
**** Urdu: باڑھ (bāṛh, “increase; flood”)
*** Eastern
**** Bengali: বাড় (baṛ, “growth”)
*** Northern:
**** Kumaoni: बाढ़ (bāṛh, “increase”)
*** Southern:
**** Konkani-Marathi:
***** Konkani: वाड (vāḍ, “increase”)
***** Marathi: वाढ (vāḍh, “increase”)
**** Sinhalese: වැඩ (wæḍa, “increase, profit”)
*** → Kannada: ಬಡ್ಡಿ (baḍḍi, “interest”)
*** → Malayalam: വട്ടി (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
*** → Tamil: வட்டி (vaṭṭi, “interest”)
*** → Telugu: వడ్డి (vaḍḍi, “interest”)
* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠𑀺 (vuḍhi /⁠vuḍḍhi⁠/)
** Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (vuḍḍhi), 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺 (uḍḍhi)
* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀥𑀺 (vadhi /⁠vaddhi⁠/)
** Prakrit: *vaddhi ~ *vaddhiyā
*** Northwestern:
**** Sindhi: واڌِ (vadhi, “abundance”)
*** Western:
**** Gujarati: વધ (vadh, “increase”)
* Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪𐨁 (vadhri)
* Ashokan Prakrit: *viddhi
** Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (viddhi)
* Ashokan Prakrit: *vuddhi
** Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
*** Sindhi: اُڌيِ کُٽيِ (udhī-khuṭī, “profit-loss”) (< *vuddhiyā)
* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: वड् (waḍ, “profit”)
* Pali: vaḍḍhi, vuḍḍhi, vuddhi
* → English: vṛddhi, vrddhi, vr̥ddhi, vriddhi
* → Hindi: वृद्धि (vŕddhi)
* → Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧಿ (vṛddhi)
* → Old Javanese: wṛddhi, wrĕde
* → Tamil: விருத்தி (virutti)
* → Telugu: వృద్ధి (vr̥ddhi)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वृद्धि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1011.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “vṛddhi”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.