# 狐疑
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): húyí
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^4$ ji$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘-gî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hu$^5$ ghi$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: húyí
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: húyí
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^2$-i$^2$
*** Yale: hú-yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwuyi
*** Palladius: хуи (xui)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu³⁵ i³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^4$ ji$^4$
*** Yale: wùh yìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^4$ ji$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^4$ yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː²¹ jiː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-gî
*** Tâi-lô: hôo-gî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ho'gii
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³⁻²² ɡi¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³⁻³³ ɡi²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hu$^5$ ghi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû gî
*** Sinological IPA : /hu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡi⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: hu ngi
Rime :
| Character | 狐 | 疑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 戸吳切 | 語其切 |
| Baxter | hu | ngi |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuo/ | /ŋɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuo/ | /ŋɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣo/ | /ŋie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɔ/ | /ŋɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣo/ | /ŋiə/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣu/ | /ŋĭə/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuo/ | /ŋi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hú | yí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^4$ | ji$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤa [ŋ](r)ə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaː ŋɯ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 狐 | 疑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hú | yí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hu › | ‹ ngi › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ʷˁa/ | /*[ŋ](r)ə/ (< uvular) |
| English | fox | doubt |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 狐 | 疑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4358 | 14894 |
| Phonetic component | 瓜 | 疑 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 胡 | 疑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷaː/ | /*ŋɯ/ |
| Notes | | 甲金文象人行道回顧遲疑狀， 金文或加牛聲後訛爲子， 非矢聲 |

### Noun

狐疑
* doubt; suspicion
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Xīn yóuyù ér húyí xī, yù zìshì ér bùkě. [Pinyin]
    Like whelp in doubt, like timid fox in fear, I wished to go, but wandered ever near.

#### Synonyms

* 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
* 嫌疑 (xiányí)
* 惑志 (huòzhì) (literary)
* 疑心 (yíxīn)
* 疑惑 (yíhuò)
* 疑義／疑义 (yíyì)

### Verb

狐疑
* to be suspicious of; to doubt

#### Synonyms

* 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
* 心存疑惑 (xīncún yíhuò)
* 思疑 (sīyí) (literary)
* 惑疑 (hueh$^4$ i$^1$) (Jin)
* 憢疑／𢙒疑 (Hokkien)
* 懷疑／怀疑 (huáiyí)
* 猜疑 (cāiyí)
* 疑乎 (nyi$^2$ fu$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 疑心 (yíxīn)
* 疑惑 (yíhuò)
* 疑騃／疑𫘤 (Hokkien)
* 臭疑 (Hokkien)
* 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
* 青疑 (Hokkien)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 狐(こ)疑(ぎ) (kogi)
* → Korean: 호의(狐疑) (houi)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 狐 | 疑 |
| こ Hyōgai | ぎ Grade: 6 |
| kan'on | on'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こぎ [kóꜜgì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ɡʲi]

### Noun

狐(こ)疑(ぎ) • (kogi)
* doubt

#### Derived terms

* 狐(こ)疑(ぎ)逡(しゅん)巡(じゅん) (kogi shunjun)

### Verb

狐(こ)疑(ぎ)する • (kogi suru) intransitive suru (stem 狐(こ)疑(ぎ)し (kogi shi), past 狐(こ)疑(ぎ)した (kogi shita))
* to doubt

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 狐疑し | こぎし | kogi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 狐疑し | こぎし | kogi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 狐疑する | こぎする | kogi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 狐疑する | こぎする | kogi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 狐疑すれ | こぎすれ | kogi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 狐疑せよ¹ 狐疑しろ² | こぎせよ¹ こぎしろ² | kogi seyo¹ kogi shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 狐疑される | こぎされる | kogi sareru |
| Causative | 狐疑させる 狐疑さす | こぎさせる こぎさす | kogi saseru kogi sasu |
| Potential | 狐疑できる | こぎできる | kogi dekiru |
| Volitional | 狐疑しよう | こぎしよう | kogi shiyō |
| Negative | 狐疑しない | こぎしない | kogi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 狐疑せず | こぎせず | kogi sezu |
| Formal | 狐疑します | こぎします | kogi shimasu |
| Perfective | 狐疑した | こぎした | kogi shita |
| Conjunctive | 狐疑して | こぎして | kogi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 狐疑すれば | こぎすれば | kogi sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 狐 | 疑 |

### Noun

狐疑 • (houi) (hangeul 호의)
* hanja form of 호의