# 長春
## Chinese

* 長春 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 長春 (Cantonese)
* 長春 (Classical)
* Chhòng-chhûn-sṳ (Hakka)
* Diòng-chŭng (Eastern Min)
* Tiông-chhun (Southern Min)
* 长春 (Wu)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Who gave it this name? When?”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Chángchūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng$^4$ ceon$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Chhòng-chhûn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cong$^2$ cun$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Diòng-chŭng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tiông-chhun / Tiâng-chhun
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zan-tshen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Chángchūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Chángchun
*** Wade–Giles: Chʻang$^2$-chʻun$^1$
*** Yale: Cháng-chwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Charngchuen
*** Palladius: Чанчунь (Čančunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coeng$^4$ ceon$^1$
*** Yale: chèuhng chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng$^4$ tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêng$^4$ cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chhòng-chhûn
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong$^ˇ$ cun$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cong$^2$ cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cong$^2$ cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Diòng-chŭng
*** Sinological IPA : /tuoŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡sʰ-)}$ʒuŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiông-chhun
*** Tâi-lô: Tiông-tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diongzhwn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiâng-chhun
*** Tâi-lô: Tiâng-tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diangzhwn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zan-tshen
*** MiniDict: zan$^去$ tshen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zan-tshen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²² t͡sʰən⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: drjang tsyhwin
Rime :
| Character | 長 | 春 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 直良切 | 昌脣切 |
| Baxter | drjang | tsyhwin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨɐŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖiɐŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɑŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰjuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖɨaŋ/ | /cʰwin/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡiaŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭaŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯aŋ/ | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháng | chūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | coeng$^4$ | ceon$^1$ |

### Proper noun

長春
* (～市) Changchun (a subprovincial city, provincial capital, and largest city in Jilin, China)

#### Synonyms

* (historical) 寬城子／宽城子 (Kuānchéngzi), 新京 (Xīnjīng)

#### Compounds

* 長春子／长春子 (Chángchūnzǐ)
* 長春河／长春河 (Chángchūn Hé)

#### Descendants

* → English: Changchun, Ch'ang-ch'un

#### See also

* 長春花／长春花 (chángchūnhuā)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 長 | 春 |
| ちょう Grade: 2 | しゅん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Proper noun

長(ちょう)春(しゅん) • (Chōshun)
* Changchun (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China)
Kanji in this term :
| 長 | 春 |
| ちゃん Grade: 2 | ちゅん Grade: 2 |
| irregular ||

### Proper noun

長春(チャンチュン) • (Chanchun)
* Changchun (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China)