# 昉

| 昉 | U+6609, &#26121; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6609 |
| ← 昈 [U+6608] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 昊 → [U+660A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

昉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 日卜竹尸 (AYHS), four-corner 6002$_7$, composition ⿰日方)
* bright dawn, daybreak
* appear

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 491, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13796
* Dae Jaweon: page 852, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1496, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6609

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 縍 | *paːŋ |
| 榜 | *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 蒡 | *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ |
| 牓 | *paːŋʔ |
| 螃 | *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ |
| 搒 | *paːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 舫 | *paːŋs, *paŋs |
| 謗 | *paːŋs |
| 雱 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 磅 | *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ |
| 霶 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 滂 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 鎊 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 髈 | *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ |
| 彷 | *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ |
| 趽 | *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs |
| 房 | *baːŋ, *baŋ |
| 篣 | *baːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 騯 | *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 傍 | *baːŋ, *baːŋs |
| 膀 | *baːŋ |
| 旁 | *baːŋ |
| 徬 | *baːŋs |
| 閍 | *praːŋ |
| 祊 | *praːŋ |
| 嗙 | *praːŋ |
| 方 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 汸 | *paŋ |
| 坊 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 邡 | *paŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 枋 | *paŋ |
| 鈁 | *paŋ |
| 蚄 | *paŋ |
| 肪 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 鴋 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 牥 | *paŋ |
| 昉 | *paŋʔ |
| 瓬 | *paŋʔ |
| 放 | *paŋʔ, *paŋs |
| 倣 | *paŋʔ |
| 芳 | *pʰaŋ |
| 淓 | *pʰaŋ |
| 妨 | *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 紡 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 仿 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 髣 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 鶭 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 訪 | *pʰaŋs |
| 防 | *baŋ, *baŋs |
| 魴 | *baŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǎng (fang$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǎng
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^3$
*** Yale: fǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faang
*** Palladius: фан (fan)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^2$
*** Yale: fóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: pjangX
Rime :
| Character | 昉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 分网切 |
| Baxter | pjangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʉɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʷiɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puaŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /piuaŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭwaŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /piwaŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǎng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*paŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*paŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 昉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǎng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjang$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*paŋʔ/ |
| English | just then, at that time |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 昉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3034 |
| Phonetic component | 方 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 昉 |
| Old Chinese | /*paŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

昉
* (literary) to start
    From: 1902, Liang Qichao, 論正統
    Zhèngtǒng zhī biàn, fǎng yú Jìn ér shèng yú Sòng. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### Compounds

* 昉始
* 由昉

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bright
* beginning

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ほう (hō)
* Kun: あきらか (akiraka)、はじめ (hajime)

## Korean
### Hanja

昉 • (bang) (hangeul 방, revised bang, McCune–Reischauer pang, Yale pang)
* bright
* begin

## Vietnamese
### Han character

昉: Hán Nôm readings: phưởng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation