# ⲥⲧⲁⲓ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲥⲧⲟⲓ (stoi) — Sahidic
* ⲥⲑⲟⲓ (sthoi) — Bohairic
* ⲥⲧⲁⲉⲓ (staei) — Lycopolitan

### Etymology

From Demotic sty, from Egyptian sṯj.

### Verb

ⲥⲧⲁⲓ • (stai)
* (Akhmimic, Fayyumic) to smell

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai | imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tm̄stai, tm̄n̄stai | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄n̄stai |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ tistai | ⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ kstai | ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ testai | ϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ fstai | ⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ sstai | ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tn̄stai | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tetn̄stai | ⲥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ sestai | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ eïstai | ⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ ekstai | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ erestai | ⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ efstai | ⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ esstai | ⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ enstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetn̄stai | ⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ eustai | ⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ e- stai, ere- stai |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ etistai | ⲉⲧⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etkstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etestai, eterestai | ⲉⲧϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etfstai | ⲉⲧⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etsstai | ⲉⲧⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etnstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etoustai | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ete- stai, etere- stai |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ naïstai | ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nakstai | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ narestai | ⲛⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nafstai | ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nasstai | ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nanstai | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ natetn̄stai | ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ naustai | ⲛⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ na- stai, nare- stai |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ aistai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ arestai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ aretenstai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲁⲣ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ a- stai, ar- stai, are- stai |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tinastai | ⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ knastai | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tenastai | ϥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ fnastai | ⲥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ snastai | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tn̄nastai | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tetnastai | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ senastai | ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nastai |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ eïnastai | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ eknastai | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ erenastai | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ efnastai | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ esnastai | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ ennastai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetnastai | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ eunastai | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ e- nastai |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etinastai | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etknastai | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etenastai, eterenastai | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etfnastai | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etsnastai | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etnnastai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetnastai | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ etounastai | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ ete- nastai |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ naïnastai | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ naknastai | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ narenastai | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nafnastai | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nasnastai | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nannastai | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ netetnastai | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ naunastai | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ na- nastai |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ ainastai | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aknastai, eknastai | ⲁⲣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ arastai | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ afnastai | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ asnastai | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ annastai | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aretennastai | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aunastai | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ a- nastai, are- nastai |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ aïstai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲣⲥⲧⲁⲓ arstai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ atetn̄stai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ a- stai |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pistai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pk̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pestai, m̄pr̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pf̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄ps̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pn̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄petn̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄poustai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pe- stai |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ eaïstai | ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ eakstai | ⲉⲁⲣⲥⲧⲁⲓ earstai | ⲉⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ eafstai | ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ easstai | ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eanstai | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ eatetn̄stai | ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ eaustai | ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ea- stai |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pistai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pk̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pestai, em̄pr̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pf̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄ps̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pn̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄petn̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄poustai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pe- stai |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etaïstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etakstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲥⲧⲁⲓ etarstai | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etafstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etasstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etanstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etatetn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etaustai | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ eta- stai |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pk̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pestai, etem̄pr̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pf̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄ps̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄petn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄poustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pe- stai |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ neaïstai | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ neakstai | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲥⲧⲁⲓ nearstai | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ neafstai | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ neasstai | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ neanstai | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ neatetn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ neaustai | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nea- stai |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pistai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pk̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pestai, nem̄pr̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pf̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄ps̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄petn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄poustai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pe- stai |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ naïstai | ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nakstai | ⲛⲁⲣⲥⲧⲁⲓ narstai | ⲛⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nafstai | ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nasstai | ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nanstai | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ natetn̄stai | ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ naustai | ⲛⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ na- stai |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patistai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patk̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patestai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patf̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pats̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patn̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patetn̄stai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄patoustai | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ m̄pate- stai |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patistai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patk̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patestai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patf̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pats̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patn̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patetn̄stai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄patoustai | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ em̄pate- stai |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patk̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patf̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pats̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patetn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄patoustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etem̄pate- stai |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patistai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patk̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patestai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patf̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pats̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patetn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄patoustai | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nem̄pate- stai |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ xareïstai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ xarekstai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ xarestai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ xarefstai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ xaresstai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ xarenstai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ xaretetn̄stai | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ xaroustai | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ xare- stai |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ maïstai | ⲙⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ makstai | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ marestai | ⲙⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mafstai | ⲙⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ masstai | ⲙⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ manstai | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ matetn̄stai | ⲙⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ maustai | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲙⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mare- stai, ma- stai |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ exareïstai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ exarekstai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ exarestai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ exarefstai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ exaresstai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ exarenstai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ exaretetn̄stai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ exaroustai | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ exare- stai |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ emaïstai | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ emakstai | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ emarestai | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ emafstai | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ emasstai | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ emanstai | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ematetn̄stai | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ emaustai | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ emare- stai, ema- stai |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexareïstai, etxareïstai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexarekstai, etxarekstai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexarestai, etxarestai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexarefstai, etxarefstai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexaresstai, etxaresstai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexarenstai, etxarenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexaretetn̄stai, etxaretetn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexaroustai, etxaroustai | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etexare- stai, etxare- stai |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemaïstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemakstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemarestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemafstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemasstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemanstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etematetn̄stai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemaustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemare- stai, etema- stai |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexareïstai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexarekstai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexarestai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexarefstai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexaresstai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexarenstai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexaretetn̄stai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexaroustai | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nexare- stai |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemaïstai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemakstai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemarestai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemafstai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemasstai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemanstai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nematetn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemaustai | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nemare- stai, nema- stai |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ amaïstai | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ amakstai | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ amarestai | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ amafstai | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ amasstai | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ amanstai | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ amatetn̄stai | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ amaustai | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲙⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ amare- stai, ma- stai |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aïastai | ⲁⲕⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ akastai | ⲁⲣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ arastai | ⲁϥⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ afastai | ⲁⲥⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ asastai | ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ anastai | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ atetnastai | ⲁⲩⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ auastai | ⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ a- stai |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nastai, enastai | ⲛⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nekstai, enekstai | ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nestai, enestai | ⲛⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nefstai, enefstai | ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nesstai, enesstai | ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nenstai, enenstai | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ netn̄stai, enetn̄stai | ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ neustai, eneustai | ⲛⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ne- stai |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ maristai | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ marefstai | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ maresstai | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ marn̄stai | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ maroustai | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mare- stai |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄tastai | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄tf̄stai | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄ts̄stai | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄tn̄stai | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄toustai | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mn̄te- stai |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tastai | ⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ kstai | ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ testai | ϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ fstai, n̄tfstai | ⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ sstai | ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tn̄stai | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tetn̄stai | ⲥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲥⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ sestai, soustai | ⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ te- stai |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ taristai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ tarekstai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ tarestai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ tarefstai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ taresstai | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tarn̄stai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ taretetn̄stai | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ taroustai | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tare- stai |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄taristai, taristai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄tarekstai, tarekstai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄tarestai, tarestai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄tarefstai, tarefstai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄taresstai, taresstai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄tarn̄stai, tarn̄stai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄taretn̄stai, taretn̄stai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄taroustai, taroustai | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ n̄tare- stai, tare- stai |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatistai | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatk̄stai | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatestai | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatf̄stai | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šats̄stai | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatn̄stai | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatetn̄stai | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatoustai | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šate- stai |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aïšastai, eïšastai | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ akšastai, ekšastai | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ arešastai, erešastai | ⲁϥϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ afšastai, efšastai | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ asšastai, esšastai | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ anšastai, enšastai | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ašatetn̄stai, ešatetn̄stai | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ aušastai, eušastai | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ aša- stai, eša- stai |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲁⲓ aïstai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ arestai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁⲓ atetn̄stai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ are- stai |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai | imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲧⲁⲓ štemstai | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲡⲉⲗⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpelstai, pelstai |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ tistai | ⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ kstai | ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ testai | ϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ fstai | ⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ sstai | ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ tenstai | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ tetenstai | ⲥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ sestai | ⲥⲧⲁⲓ stai |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ eistai | ⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ ekstai | ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ elestai | ⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ efstai | ⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ esstai | ⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ enstai | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eletenstai | ⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ eustai | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ele- stai |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ etistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etekstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etestai | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etefstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etesstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetenstai | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etoustai | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ete- stai, etele- stai |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ naistai | ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nakstai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nalestai | ⲛⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nafstai | ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nasstai | ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nanstai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ naletenstai | ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ naustai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nale- stai |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ aistai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ alestai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ aletenstai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ale- stai |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ tinestai | ⲕⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ knestai | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ tenestai | ϥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ fnestai | ⲥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ snestai | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ tennestai | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ tetennestai | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ senestai | ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nestai |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ einestai | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eknestai | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ elenestai | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ efnestai | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ esnestai | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ennestai | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eletennestai | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eunestai | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ele- nestai |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etinestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eteknestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etenestai | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etefnestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etesnestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etennestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etetennestai | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etounestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etele- nestai |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nainestai | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ naknestai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nalenestai | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nafnestai | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nasnestai | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nannestai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ naletennestai | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ naunestai | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nale- nestai |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ainestai | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ aknestai | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ alenestai | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ afnestai | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ asnestai | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ annestai | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ aletennestai | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ aunestai | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ale- nestai |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ aistai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ alestai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ atetenstai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ a- stai |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpistai | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpekstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpestai | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpefstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpesstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpenstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpetenstai | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpoustai | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpe- stai |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ eaistai | ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ eakstai | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ealestai | ⲉⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ eafstai | ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ easstai | ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eanstai | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eatetenstai | ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ eaustai | ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ea- stai |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ empistai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ empekstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ empestai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ empefstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ empesstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ empenstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ empetenstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ empoustai | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ empe- stai |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntaistai | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntakstai | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntalestai | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntafstai | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntasstai | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntanstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etaletenstai | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntaustai | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nta- stai |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempekstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempefstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempesstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempetenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempoustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempe- stai |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneaistai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneakstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnealestai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneafstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneasstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneanstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneatetenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nneaustai | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnea- stai |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempistai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempekstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempestai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempefstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempesstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempetenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempoustai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempe- stai |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ aaistai | ⲁⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ aakstai | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ aalestai | ⲁⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ aafstai | ⲁⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ aasstai | ⲁⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ aanstai | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etaletenstai | ⲁⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ aaustai | ⲁⲁ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ aa- stai |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatistai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatekstai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatestai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatefstai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatesstai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatenstai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatetenstai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpatoustai | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpate- stai |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatistai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatekstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatestai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatefstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatesstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatenstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatetenstai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ empatoustai | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ empate- stai |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatekstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatefstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatesstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatetenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempatoustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etempate- stai |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatistai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatekstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatestai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatefstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatesstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatetenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempatoustai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnempate- stai |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ šaistai | ϣⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ šakstai | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ šalestai | ϣⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ šafstai | ϣⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ šasstai | ϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ šanstai | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ šatetenstai | ϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ šaustai | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šale- stai |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ meistai | ⲙⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ mekstai | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ melestai | ⲙⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mefstai | ⲙⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ messtai | ⲙⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ menstai | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ meletenstai | ⲙⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ meustai | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mele- stai |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešaistai | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešakstai | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešalestai | ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešafstai | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešasstai | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešanstai | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešatetenstai | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešaustai | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ešale- stai |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ emeistai | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ emekstai | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ emelestai | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ emefstai | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ emesstai | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ emenstai | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ emeletenstai | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ emeustai | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ emele- stai |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešaistai, nšaistai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešakstai, nšakstai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešalestai, nšalestai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešafstai, nšafstai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešasstai, nšasstai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešanstai, nšanstai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešatetenstai, nšatetenstai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešaustai, nšaustai | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etešale- stai, nšale- stai |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemeistai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemekstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemelestai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemefstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemesstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemeletenstai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemeustai | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ etemele- stai |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešaistai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešakstai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešalestai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešafstai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešasstai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešanstai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešatetenstai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešaustai | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnešale- stai |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemeistai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemekstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemelestai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemefstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemesstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemeletenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemeustai | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnemele- stai |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmeistai | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmekstai | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmelestai | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmefstai | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmesstai | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmenstai | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmeletenstai | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmeustai | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nmele- stai |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eiestai | ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ekestai | ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ elestai | ⲉϥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ efestai | ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ esestai | ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ enestai | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ eletenestai | ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ euestai | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ele- stai |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnastai | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnekstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnestai | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnefstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnesstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnenstai | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnetenstai | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nnoustai | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nne- stai |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ malistai | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ malefstai | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ malesstai | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ malenstai | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ maloustai | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ male- stai |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltristai | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltrefstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltresstai | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltrenstai | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltreustai | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ mpeltre- stai |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲓ tastai, ntastai | ⲛⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ nkstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntestai | ⲛϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nfstai | ⲛⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ nsstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntenstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntetenstai | ⲛⲥⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ nsestai | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ nte- stai |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ talistai, ntalistai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ talekstai, ntalekstai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ talestai, ntalestai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ talefstai, ntalefstai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ talesstai, ntalesstai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ talenstai, ntalenstai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ taletenstai, ntaletenstai | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ taloustai, ntaloustai | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ tale- stai, ntale- stai |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelistai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelekstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelestai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelefstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelesstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntelenstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ nteletenstai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ nteloustai | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ntele- stai |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantistai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantekstai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantestai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantefstai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantesstai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantenstai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantetenstai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ šantoustai | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ šante- stai |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eišanstai | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ ekšanstai | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ elešanstai | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ efšanstai | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ esšanstai | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ enšanstai | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eletenšanstai | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ eušanstai | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ elešan- stai, elšan- stai |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲥⲧⲁⲓ aistai | ⲁⲕⲥⲧⲁⲓ akstai | ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ alestai | ⲁϥⲥⲧⲁⲓ afstai | ⲁⲥⲥⲧⲁⲓ asstai | ⲁⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ anstai | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲧⲁⲓ aletenstai | ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲁⲓ austai | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲧⲁⲓ ale- stai |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### Noun

ⲥⲧⲁⲓ • (stai) m
* (Akhmimic, Fayyumic) fragrance

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 165
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 362