# 侵入
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīnrù
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣ ㄖㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^1$ jap$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîm-ngi̍p
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhim-ji̍p / chhim-li̍p
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīnrù
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄖㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cinrù
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^1$-ju$^4$
*** Yale: chīn-rù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinruh
*** Palladius: циньжу (cinʹžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ʐu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^1$ jap$^6$
*** Yale: chām yahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^1$ jap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^1$ yeb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵ jɐp̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîm-ngi̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: qim$^ˊ$ ngib
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qim$^1$ ngib$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰim²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋip̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhim-ji̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tshim-ji̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chimjip
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zip̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻³³ zip̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhim-li̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tshim-li̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chimlip
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻²² lip̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰim³³ lip̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻³³ lip̚⁴/

### Verb

侵入
* (of an army, germs, etc. or law or figuratively) to invade; to trespass; to intrude
    禁止侵入 ― jìnzhǐ qīnrù ― no trespassing
       qīnrù mǒurén de sīrén kōngjiān [Pinyin]
       to invade someone's personal space

#### Synonyms

* 佔據／占据 (zhànjù)
* 佔領／占领 (zhànlǐng)
* 侵佔／侵占 (qīnzhàn)
* 侵擾／侵扰 (qīnrǎo)
* 侵攻 (qīngōng)
* 侵犯 (qīnfàn)
* 侵略 (qīnlüè)
* 入侵 (rùqīn)
* 攻略 (gōnglüè)
* 盤踞／盘踞 (pánjù)
* 進犯／进犯 (jìnfàn)

#### Derived terms

* 侵入性 (qīnrùxìng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 侵 | 入 |
| しん Grade: S | にゅう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんにゅう [shìńnyúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩɲ̟ːɨː]

### Noun

侵(しん)入(にゅう) • (shinnyū)
* penetration
* invasion
* trespassing
** 2016 January 9, “エンジェル・トランペッター [Angel Trumpeter]”, in シャイニング(SHINING)・ビクトリーズ(VICTORIES) [SHINING VICTORIES], Konami:
    天(てん)使(し)の様(よう)な美(うつく)しい花(はな)。絶(た)えず侵(しん)入(にゅう)者(しゃ)を惑(まど)わす霧(きり)を生(う)み出(だ)し、聖(せい)なる獣(けもの)たちが住(す)まう森(もり)の最(さい)深(しん)部(ぶ)へ立(た)ち入(い)ることを許(ゆる)さない。
       Tenshi no yō na utsukushii hana. Taezu shinnyūsha o madowasu kiri o umidashi, sei naru kemono-tachi ga sumau mori no saishinbu e tachiiru koto o yurusanai.
       A beautiful angelic flower that continually generates hallucinating fog to keep trespassers away from the deepest parts of the forest, where the sacred beasts dwell.

### Verb

侵(しん)入(にゅう)する • (shinnyū suru) suru (stem 侵(しん)入(にゅう)し (shinnyū shi), past 侵(しん)入(にゅう)した (shinnyū shita))
* to invade
* to break in
* to trespass

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 侵入し | しんにゅうし | shinnyū shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 侵入し | しんにゅうし | shinnyū shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 侵入する | しんにゅうする | shinnyū suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 侵入する | しんにゅうする | shinnyū suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 侵入すれ | しんにゅうすれ | shinnyū sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 侵入せよ¹ 侵入しろ² | しんにゅうせよ¹ しんにゅうしろ² | shinnyū seyo¹ shinnyū shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 侵入される | しんにゅうされる | shinnyū sareru |
| Causative | 侵入させる 侵入さす | しんにゅうさせる しんにゅうさす | shinnyū saseru shinnyū sasu |
| Potential | 侵入できる | しんにゅうできる | shinnyū dekiru |
| Volitional | 侵入しよう | しんにゅうしよう | shinnyū shiyō |
| Negative | 侵入しない | しんにゅうしない | shinnyū shinai |
| Negative continuative | 侵入せず | しんにゅうせず | shinnyū sezu |
| Formal | 侵入します | しんにゅうします | shinnyū shimasu |
| Perfective | 侵入した | しんにゅうした | shinnyū shita |
| Conjunctive | 侵入して | しんにゅうして | shinnyū shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 侵入すれば | しんにゅうすれば | shinnyū sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 侵 | 入 |

### Noun

侵入 • (chimip) (hangeul 침입)
* hanja form of 침입 (“penetration; invasion”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 侵 | 入 |

### Verb

侵入
* chữ Hán form of xâm nhập (“to enter (and cause damage); to infiltrate; to invade”).