# 海象
## Chinese

* 海象

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎixiàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi$^2$ zoeng$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hái-chhiūⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎixiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎisiàng
*** Wade–Giles: hai$^3$-hsiang$^4$
*** Yale: hǎi-syàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haeshianq
*** Palladius: хайсян (xajsjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^2$ zoeng$^6$
*** Yale: hói jeuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^2$ dzoeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^2$ zêng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sœːŋ²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-chhiūⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hái-tshiūnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haychviu
*** IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiũ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiũ³³/

### Noun

海象
* walrus

#### Derived terms

* 海象牙 (hǎixiàngyá)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 象 |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 5 |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海象 (kyūjitai)
Borrowed from Russian сивуч (sivuč, “Steller sea lion”).
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Middle Chinese 海象. See kaizō below.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) セーウチ [sèéúchí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːɯ̟t͡ɕi]

#### Noun

海象(せいうち) or 海象(セイウチ) • (seiuchi)
* a walrus

##### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as セイウチ. Not to be confused with 象海豹 (zō azarashi, “elephant seal”).

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 象 |
| かい Grade: 2 | ぞう Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海象 (kyūjitai)
/kaizau/ → /kaizɔː/ → /kaizoː/
From Middle Chinese 海象 (xoj$^X$ zjang$^X$, literally “sea elephant”). Compare Cantonese 海象 (hoi$^2$ zoeng$^6$), Vietnamese hải tượng.
The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいぞー [kàízóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠izo̞ː]

#### Noun

海(かい)象(ぞう) • (kaizō)
* (rare) a walrus

##### Usage notes

This reading is much less common than seiuchi.

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 象 |
| かい Grade: 2 | しょう Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海象 (kyūjitai)
/kaiɕau/ → /kaiɕɔː/ → /kaiɕoː/
From Middle Chinese 海象 (xoj$^X$ zjang$^X$, literally “sea + phenomenon”). Alternatively, may have been coined in Japan as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived roots.
The kan'on reading, so likely either a later borrowing, or a later innovation in Japan.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいしょー [kàíshóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠iɕo̞ː]

#### Noun

海(かい)象(しょう) • (kaishō)
* a marine phenomenon

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 海 | 象 |

### Noun

海象 • (haesang) (hangeul 해상)
* hanja form of 해상