# ārs
## Latvian
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *ar-, *arə- (“to plow”) (compare Latvian art), whence also the lexicalized variant āre (“open space; cultivated land”) and the verb art (“to plough”).
The adverb ārā (“outside”) is the corresponding locative case form; in 16th- and 17th-century sources an old illative form āran is also used. The original meaning of ārs was thus “ploughed, tilled field.” Cognates include Lithuanian óras (“air; outside; sky; weather”), Hittite [Term?] (/⁠arẖa⁠/, “region, coast; away, outside”), [Term?] (/⁠arẖi-⁠/, “in a plain, in a glade, outside”), Lydian 𐤠𐤠𐤭𐤠 (aara, “fence, fenced area, rural property”), Albanian arë (“field”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [âːɾs]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

#### Noun

ārs m (1st declension)
* exterior, outside (the space in the outside of a building, house, etc.)
    skraidīt pa āru ― to run outside
    āra gaiss slimniecei varēja nākt tikai par labu ― outside air could only be a good thing for the hospital
    no āra ienāceji vispirms iekļuva virtuvē, tad mazajā istabiņā ar diviem lodziņiem ― the newcomers from outside first went into the kitchen, then into a little room with two little windows
* (chiefly genitive, used adjectivally) external, outside, outer
    āra logs ― external, outside window
    āra durvis ― outer door
* out, outside (of something, some object)
    dīvānam vidū bija bedre un dažas atsperes izspiedušās uz āru ― in the middle of the coach there was a hole and several springs were bulging out
* (poetic) open space, open, outdoors; cultivated land, fields
    āros māsa uzaugusi, / aizved purva maliņā ― (my) sister grew up in the open, / taken away to the edge of the swamp
    lūk, zeme zied; viens kūpošs ziedu ārs ― look! the earth is blooming; one hazy field of flowers!

##### Usage notes

The term ārs (“exterior, outside”) is most often used as an adverb, in the locative (ārā), or then in compounds, in the genitive (āra), where it is usually reduced to ār-.

##### Synonyms

* (of "external, outer"): ārējs
* (of "outside (of something)"): ārpuse, āriene
* (of "open area"; poetic): āre

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “of "(area) outside"”): iekša
* (antonym(s) of “of "out, outside"”): iekšā
* (antonym(s) of “of "external, outer"”): iekšējs

##### Derived terms

* ārpasaule
* ārprāts, ārprātīgs
* ārsiena
* ārvalsts
* ārzemes, ārzemnieks, ārzemniece

### Etymology 2

Via some other European language, ultimately from French are, formed on the basis of Latin ārea (“open space”) as a (rarely used) SI unit.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [āːɾs]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

#### Noun

ārs m (1st declension)
* are (SI unit of area, equivalent to 100 square meters)
    netālu no Hjerkinnas (Norvēģijā) es dzelzceļa malā redzēju līdumu, 10 vai 15 āru platībā ― not far from Hjerkinna (in Norway) I saw a clearing at the side of a railway, in area about 10 or 15 ares

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “ārs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN