# 鍾

| 鍾 | U+937E, &#37758; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-937E |
| ← 鍽 [U+937D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鍿 → [U+937F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鍾 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金竹十土 (CHJG), four-corner 8211$_4$, composition ⿰釒重)

#### Derived characters

* 籦, 𡓯, 𥗦, 𦇮, 𬬐

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1316, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40672
* Dae Jaweon: page 1816, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4232, character 3
* Unihan data for U+937E

## Chinese

* 鍾 (容器)
* 鍾姓 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Chung (surname) (English)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鍾 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 撞 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 幢 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 橦 | *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 噇 | *rdoːŋ |
| 𩪘 | *rdoːŋ |
| 艟 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 憧 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 畽 | *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 董 | *toːŋʔ |
| 蕫 | *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 箽 | *toːŋʔ |
| 懂 | *toːŋʔ |
| 湩 | *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs |
| 曈 | *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 童 | *doːŋ |
| 僮 | *doːŋ |
| 瞳 | *doːŋ |
| 罿 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 犝 | *doːŋ |
| 潼 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 穜 | *doːŋ, *doŋ |
| 動 | *doːŋʔ |
| 慟 | *doːŋs |
| 堹 | *toŋs |
| 諥 | *toŋs |
| 蹱 | *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ |
| 重 | *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs |
| 緟 | *doŋ, *doŋs |
| 蝩 | *doŋ |
| 褈 | *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 鐘 | *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 鍾 | *tjoŋ |
| 籦 | *tjoŋ |
| 種 | *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs |
| 腫 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 踵 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 歱 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 喠 | *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ |
| 偅 | *tjoŋs |
| 衝 | *tʰjoŋ |
| 揰 | *tʰjoŋs |
| 尰 | *djoŋʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōng (zhong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zung$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zuung$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chûng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zung$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆ng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chiong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhong
*** Wade–Giles: chung$^1$
*** Yale: jūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jong
*** Palladius: чжун (čžun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^1$
*** Yale: jūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zuung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵŋ³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng
*** Hakka Romanization System: zung$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊŋ⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng / chiong
*** Tâi-lô: tsing / tsiong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zefng, ciofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/, /t͡siɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
* cheng - vernacular (incl. surname in Taiwan);
* chiong - literary (incl. surname in Mainland China and Taiwan).
* Middle Chinese: tsyowng
Rime :
| Character | 鍾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 職容切 |
| Baxter | tsyowng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cuawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕioŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*toŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjoŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鍾 | 鍾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhōng | zhōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyowng › | ‹ tsyowng › |
| Old Chinese | /*toŋ/ | /*toŋ/ |
| English | accumulate; repeat | bell; wine vessel; an ancient measure |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鍾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17466 |
| Phonetic component | 重 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鍾 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjoŋ/ |

### Definitions

鍾
* vessel for containing alcohol
* to concentrate one's love or attention
    鍾愛／钟爱 ― zhōng'ài ― to treasure
    鍾情／钟情 ― zhōngqíng ― to fall in love
    一見鍾情／一见钟情 ― yījiànzhōngqíng ― love at first sight
* unit of capacity
* Alternative form of 鐘／钟 (zhōng, “percussion musical instrument; bell”)
* (obsolete, chiefly Nanzhao) younger brother
* a surname
    鍾會／锺会 ― Zhōng Huì ― Zhong Hui (military general and politician of Cao Wei)
    鍾南山／钟南山 ― Zhōng Nánshān ― Zhong Nanshan (Chinese pulmonologist)

#### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with 鐘／钟 (zhōng). For the surname, upon revision of the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters in 2013, the simplified form of the character was changed to 锺 so as to distinguish the surnames 鍾 and 鐘. Before that, the simplified form of the character was 钟, same as the simplified form of 鐘. Because of this, the surname 鍾 can be simplified to both 钟 or 锺.

### Compounds

* 一見鍾情／一见钟情 (yījiànzhōngqíng)
* 千鍾粟／千钟粟
* 圜鍾／圜钟
* 情之所鍾／情之所钟
* 情有獨鍾／情有独钟 (qíngyǒudúzhōng)
* 攔門鍾／拦门钟
* 氣殺鍾馗／气杀钟馗
* 洪鍾／洪钟
* 漢鍾離／汉钟离
* 獨鍾／独钟
* 畝鍾／亩钟
* 萬鍾／万钟 (wànzhōng)
* 老態龍鍾／老态龙钟 (lǎotàilóngzhōng)
* 老邁龍鍾／老迈龙钟
* 茶鍾／茶钟
* 賞鍾／赏钟
* 鍾儀楚奏／钟仪楚奏
* 鍾山／钟山 (Zhōngshān)
* 鍾情／钟情 (zhōngqíng)
* 鍾意／钟意 (zhōngyì)
* 鍾愛／钟爱 (zhōng'ài)
* 鍾期／钟期
* 鍾溺／钟溺
* 鍾王／钟王
* 鍾祥／钟祥 (Zhōngxiáng, “Zhongxiang”)
* 鍾簴／钟簴
* 鍾虡／钟虡
* 鍾釜／钟釜
* 鍾離／钟离 (Zhōnglí)
* 鍾靈毓秀／钟灵毓秀 (zhōnglíngyùxiù)
* 鍾馗／钟馗
* 鍾馗嫁妹／钟馗嫁妹
* 鼎鍾／鼎钟
* 鼓鍾／鼓钟
* 龍鍾／龙钟 (lóngzhōng)
* 龍鍾潦倒／龙钟潦倒

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bronze jar used for storing alcohol

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゅ (shu)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Kun: さかずき (sakazuki, 鍾)、あつめる (atsumeru, 鍾める)
* Nanori: あつみ (atsumi)

#### Compounds

* 鍾愛(しょうあい) (shōai)
* 鍾馗(しょうき) (Shōki)
* 鍾乳洞(しょうにゅうどう) (shōnyūdō)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鍾
* しょう Hyōgai
* on'yomi

### Noun

鍾(しょう) • (shō)
* bronze jar used for storing alcohol

## Korean
### Hanja

鍾 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
* 음훈: [술병 종] 술병, 술잔 = alcohol bottle, alcohol glass, alcohol receptacle

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鍾: Hán Nôm readings: chung, chuông
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.