# zaherir
## Spanish
### Etymology

Somewhat disputed; according to the Royal Spanish Academy, from Old Spanish façerir, from *fazferir, from faz (“make!, do!”) +‎ ferir (“to hurt”). However, many etymologists have suggested that faz in fazferir could not have turned into za(z), even if it did convert into haz during the Spanish conversion of f to h and have suggested the word comes from Latin subferire (“to censor, reproach”) with za being a common corruption of the Latin sub- prefix, as seen in words such as zabullir (“to submerge”) (from Late Latin subbullīre (“to boil/submerge lighty”)) and zabucar (“to stir liquid”) (from Latin sub- (“below”) +‎ bucca (“mouth”)). Morphologically equivalent to haz (“make!, do!”) +‎ herir (“to hurt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θaeˈɾiɾ/ [θa.eˈɾiɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /saeˈɾiɾ/ [sa.eˈɾiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Syllabification: za‧he‧rir

### Verb

zaherir (first-person singular present zahiero, first-person singular preterite zaherí, past participle zaherido)
* to criticize severely, harshly (to the point of feeling humiliated or mortified)
** 1911, Quintilian, Ignacio Rodríguez, Pedro Sandier, Instituciones Oratorias, Vol. 1, 333:
    Guardémonos siempre de zaherir.Let's always guard ourselves from criticizing severely.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | zaherir | zaherir | zaherir | zaherir | zaherir |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | zahiriendo | zahiriendo | zahiriendo | zahiriendo | zahiriendo |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | zaherido | zaherido | zaherida | zaherida |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | zaheridos | zaheridos | zaheridas | zaheridas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | zahiero | zahieres$^{tú}$ zaherís$^{vos}$ | zahiere | zaherimos | zaherís | zahieren |
| indicative | imperfect | zahería | zaherías | zahería | zaheríamos | zaheríais | zaherían |
| indicative | preterite | zaherí | zaheriste | zahirió | zaherimos | zaheristeis | zahirieron |
| indicative | future | zaheriré | zaherirás | zaherirá | zaheriremos | zaheriréis | zaherirán |
| indicative | conditional | zaheriría | zaherirías | zaheriría | zaheriríamos | zaheriríais | zaherirían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | zahiera | zahieras$^{tú}$ zahirás$^{vos2}$ | zahiera | zahiramos | zahiráis | zahieran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | zahiriera | zahirieras | zahiriera | zahiriéramos | zahirierais | zahirieran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | zahiriese | zahirieses | zahiriese | zahiriésemos | zahirieseis | zahiriesen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | zahiriere | zahirieres | zahiriere | zahiriéremos | zahiriereis | zahirieren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | zahiere$^{tú}$ zaherí$^{vos}$ | zahiera | zahiramos | zaherid | zahieran |
| imperative | negative | | no zahieras | no zahiera | no zahiramos | no zahiráis | no zahieran |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “zaherir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014