# ديال
## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

The etymology depends on the contested origin of د (d, di, “of”), which is generally linked with Arabic ذِي (ḏī), but alternatively suggested to be related to Latin de.
Similar genitive particles are attested in Anatolian dialects of North Mesopotamian Arabic: ḏīl ~ ḏēl in the region of Mardin, dēl in Diyarbakır.
Representing an alternative opinion, Jeffrey Heath considers ديال (dyāl) a backformation from ديالو (dyālu, “his”) and ديالها (dyālha, dyāla, “her”), which he in turn derives from Vulgar Latin *di ellu and *di ella, from Classical de + illum, illa.
Jamal Ouhalla suggested an origin in Andalusian Arabic, as a concatenation of the Latin de and Arabic ال (al-).

### Preposition

ديال • (dyāl) (feminine ديالة (dyālit-), plural دياول (dyāwil))
* Alternative form of د (d, di, “of”), used mostly with pronominal suffixes

#### Usage notes

* Some speakers do not inflect the word for gender or number.

#### Inflection

Inflected forms of ديال :
| Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | ديال (dyāl) |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | m | f | plural | plural |
| 1st person | 1st person | ديالي (dyāli) | ديالي (dyāli) | ديالنا (dyālna) | ديالنا (dyālna) |
| 2nd person | 2nd person | ديالك (dyālek) | ديالك (dyālki) | ديالكم (dyālkum) | ديالكم (dyālkum) |
| 3rd person | 3rd person | دياله (dyālu) | ديالها (dyālha) | ديالهم (dyālhum) | ديالهم (dyālhum) |
Inflected forms of ديالة :
| Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | ديالة (dyālit-) |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | m | f | plural | plural |
| 1st person | 1st person | ديالتي (dyālti) | ديالتي (dyālti) | ديالتنا (dyālitna) | ديالتنا (dyālitna) |
| 2nd person | 2nd person | ديالتك (dyāltek) | ديالتك (dyālitki) | ديالتكم (dyālitkum) | ديالتكم (dyālitkum) |
| 3rd person | 3rd person | ديالته (dyāltu) | ديالتها (dyālitha) | ديالتهم (dyālithum) | ديالتهم (dyālithum) |
Inflected forms of دياول :
| Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | دياول (dyāwil) |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Personal-pronoun- including forms | m | f | plural | plural |
| 1st person | 1st person | دياولي (dyāwli) | دياولي (dyāwli) | دياولنا (dyāwilna) | دياولنا (dyāwilna) |
| 2nd person | 2nd person | دياولك (dyāwlek) | دياولك (dyāwilki) | دياولكم (dyāwilkum) | دياولكم (dyāwilkum) |
| 3rd person | 3rd person | دياوله (dyāwlu) | دياولها (dyāwilha) | دياولهم (dyāwilhum) | دياولهم (dyāwilhum) |

### Noun

ديال • (dyāl) m (plural دياول (dyāwil))
* (vulgar, not used without a pronominal suffix attached to it) penis
    راه ديالك كيبان. ― rāh dyālek kaybān. ― Your penis is visible.

### References

* ↑ J. Heath: Moroccan Arabic, in C. Lucas & S. Manfredi (ed.): Arabic and contact-induced change, Berlin, 2020, p. 218. – Note that the author calls this an “admittedly unusual morphemic borrowing”.
* ↑ The Origins of Andalusi-Moroccan Arabic and the Role of Diglossia