# 涂

| 涂 | U+6D82, &#28034; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D82 |
| ← 涁 [U+6D81] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 涃 → [U+6D83] |

## Translingual
### Han character

涂 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水人一木 (EOMD), four-corner 3819$_4$, composition ⿰氵余)

#### Derived characters

* 蒤, 塗, 𣉯, 𥂋, 𪄫

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 625, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17518
* Dae Jaweon: page 1027, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1628, character 12
* Unihan data for U+6D82

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 涂 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 斜 | *lja, *laː |
| 茶 | *rlaː |
| 荼 | *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː |
| 梌 | *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 搽 | *rlaː |
| 塗 | *rlaː, *l'aː |
| 佘 | *ɦlja |
| 賒 | *hljaː |
| 畬 | *hljaː, *la |
| 舍 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 捨 | *hljaːʔ |
| 騇 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 涻 | *hljaːs |
| 稌 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ |
| 悇 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las |
| 庩 | *l̥ʰaː |
| 捈 | *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 途 | *l'aː |
| 酴 | *l'aː |
| 駼 | *l'aː |
| 鵌 | *l'aː, *la |
| 涂 | *l'aː, *l'a |
| 嵞 | *l'aː |
| 峹 | *l'aː |
| 筡 | *l'aː, *l̥ʰa |
| 蒤 | *l'aː |
| 徐 | *lja |
| 俆 | *lja |
| 敘 | *ljaʔ |
| 漵 | *ljaʔ |
| 除 | *l'a, *l'as |
| 篨 | *rla |
| 滁 | *rla |
| 蒢 | *rla |
| 蜍 | *ɦlja, *la |
| 鵨 | *hljaː |
| 瑹 | *hlja |
| 余 | *la |
| 餘 | *la |
| 艅 | *la |
| 狳 | *la |
| 雓 | *la |
| 悆 | *las |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aː, *l'a) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 余 (OC *la).

### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 涂 – see 塗 (“mud; shoal; to daub; to smear; to apply; to paint; to plaster; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 塗).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 涂 – see 途 (“way; path; road; method; way; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 途).

### Etymology 3

* 涂姓

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tú (tu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^4$ / ceoi$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tú
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tú
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^2$
*** Yale: tú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twu
*** Palladius: ту (tu)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^4$ / ceoi$^4$
*** Yale: tòuh / chèuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^4$ / tsoey$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^4$ / cêu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯²¹/, /t͡sʰɵy̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: drjo, du
Rime :
| Character | 涂 | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 直魚切 | 同都切 |
| Baxter | drjo | du |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨʌ/ | /duo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖiɔ/ | /duo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɔ/ | /do/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖɨə̆/ | /dɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡiɔ/ | /do/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭo/ | /du/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯wo/ | /dʱuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chú | tú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyu$^4$ | tou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤa/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aː/, /*l'a/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ du › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁa/ |
| English | path |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 涂 | 涂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 15773 | 15789 |
| Phonetic component | 余 | 余 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 徒 | 除 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aː/ | /*l'a/ |

#### Definitions

涂
* Used in personal names.
* a surname
    涂謹申／涂谨申 [Cantonese] ― tou$^4$ gan$^2$ san$^1$ [Jyutping] ― James To Kun-sun (Hong Kong politician)
* Name of a river.

#### Usage notes

This surname (涂 (tú)) is different from the surname 凃 (tú) or the surname 塗／涂 (tú).

### References

* “涂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ず (zu)、ど (do)、じょ (jo)
* Kan-on: と (to)、ちょ (cho)
* Kun: みち (michi, 涂)

## Korean
### Hanja

涂 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

涂: Hán Nôm readings: dơ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.