# 扼する
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 扼
* やく Hyōgai
* goon

### Etymology

From classical verb 扼す (yakusu).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) やくする [yàkúsúꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [ja̠kɯ̟sɨɾɯ̟]

### Verb

扼(やく)する • (yakusuru) suru (stem 扼(やく)し (yakushi), past 扼(やく)した (yakushita))
* to clasp, to hold tightly, to command
** 1939, Eiji Yoshikawa, Taiko, Tokyo: Kodansha, published 1990:
    文(ぶん)化(か)的(てき)には、ここは沃(よく)野(や)をかかえ、嶮(けん)山(ざん)を負(お)い、京(きょう)都(と)諸(しょ)地(ち)方(ほう)への交(こう)通(つう)路(ろ)を扼(やく)して、天(てん)産(さん)に恵(めぐ)まれ、農(のう)工(こう)も旺(さか)んだし、— 水(みず)は麗(うるわ)しく、女(おんな)もきれいだが、日(ひ)吉(よし)は心(こころ)のうちで、「腐(す)えている！」と、観(み)た。
       Bunka-teki ni wa, koko wa yokuya o kakae, kenzan o oi, Kyōto shochihō e no kōtsūro o yakushite, tensan ni megumare, nōkō mo sakandashi,— mizu wa uruwashiku, onna mo kirei da ga, Hiyoshi wa kokoro no uchi de,“Sueteiru!” to, mita.
       Culturally, this place held fertile plains, bore steep mountains, commanded the travel routes to Kyoto and several other regions, and was blessed with natural products; agriculture and industry were abundant — the water was pure and the women were beautiful, but Hiyoshi, in his heart, looked at it and thought, “It's rotting!”
* to hold down, to press down, to crush, to repress
* to press a point

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 扼さ 扼し | やくさ やくし | yakusa yakushi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 扼し | やくし | yakushi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 扼する | やくする | yakusuru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 扼する | やくする | yakusuru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 扼すれ | やくすれ | yakusure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 扼せ 扼しろ 扼せよ | やくせ やくしろ やくせよ | yakuse yakushiro yakuseyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 扼される | やくされる | yakusareru |
| Causative | 扼させる 扼さす | やくさせる やくさす | yakusaseru yakusasu |
| Potential | 扼せる | やくせる | yakuseru |
| Volitional | 扼そう 扼しよう | やくそう やくしよう | yakusō yakushiyō |
| Negative | 扼さない 扼しない | やくさない やくしない | yakusanai yakushinai |
| Negative continuative | 扼さず | やくさず | yakusazu |
| Formal | 扼します | やくします | yakushimasu |
| Perfective | 扼した | やくした | yakushita |
| Conjunctive | 扼して | やくして | yakushite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 扼すれば 扼せば | やくすれば やくせば | yakusureba yakuseba |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 扼せ | やくせ | yakuse |
| Continuative (連用形) | 扼し | やくし | yakusi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 扼す | やくす | yakusu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 扼する | やくする | yakusuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 扼すれ | やくすれ | yakusure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 扼せよ | やくせよ | yakuseyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 扼せず | やくせず | yakusezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 扼すれど | やくすれど | yakusuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 扼すれば | やくすれば | yakusureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 扼せば | やくせば | yakuseba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 扼しき | やくしき | yakusiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 扼しけり | やくしけり | yakusikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 扼しつ | やくしつ | yakusitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 扼しぬ | やくしぬ | yakusinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 扼せり 扼したり | やくせり やくしたり | yakuseri yakusitari |
| Volitional | 扼せむ | やくせむ | yakusemu |

#### Idioms

* 咽(いん)喉(こう)を扼(やく)する (inkō o yakusuru)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN