# 佝

| 佝 | U+4F5D, &#20317; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F5D |
| ← 作 [U+4F5C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 佞 → [U+4F5E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

佝 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人心口 (OPR), four-corner 2722$_0$, composition ⿰亻句)
* rickets

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 99, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 520
* Dae Jaweon: page 211, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 6
* Unihan data for U+4F5D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 佝 :
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Small seal scripts05850 ||||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). ||||
| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰoːs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōu, kòu (gou$^1$, kou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡ, ㄎㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kau$^3$ / keoi$^1$ / gau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gou
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^1$
*** Yale: gōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kòu
*** Wade–Giles: kʻou$^4$
*** Yale: kòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kow
*** Palladius: коу (kou)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kau$^3$ / keoi$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Yale: kau / kēui / gāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kau$^3$ / koey$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keo$^3$ / kêu$^1$ / geo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐu̯³³/, /kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: xuwH
Rime :
| Character | 佝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼漏切 |
| Baxter | xuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /həu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /həu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /həw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /xu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /xəu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰoːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7090 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蔻 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰoːs/ |
| Notes | 說文佝另一音義 |

#### Definitions

佝
* Used in 佝僂／佝偻 (gōulóu).

#### Compounds

* 佝僂／佝偻 (gōulóu)
* 佝僂病／佝偻病 (gōulóubìng)
* 佝腰

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kòu (kou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kau$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kòu
*** Wade–Giles: kʻou$^4$
*** Yale: kòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kow
*** Palladius: коу (kou)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kau$^3$
*** Yale: kau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐu̯³³/

#### Definitions

佝
* Only used in 佝瞀.

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jū (ju$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jū
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^1$
*** Yale: jyū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
*** Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

佝
* Alternative form of 拘 (jū)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)、く (ku)
* Kun: せむし (semushi, 佝)

## Korean
### Hanja

佝 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.