# ⲧⲱϩ
## Coptic
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* ⲧⲱⲁϩ (tōah) — Sahidic
* ⲧⲟϩ (toh), ⲑⲟϩ (thoh) — Bohairic

#### Noun

ⲧⲱϩ • (tōh) m
* (Sahidic, Akhmimic, Fayyumic) chaff

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* ⲧⲱⳉ (tōx) — Akhmimic
* ⲑⲱϧ (thōx), ⲑⲟϩ (thoh) — Bohairic
* ⲧⲟϩ (toh) — Fayyumic

#### Verb

ⲧⲱϩ • (tōh) (nominal state (S) ⲧⲉϩ-, or (S) ⲧⲁϩ-, or (S) ⲧⲱϩ-, pronominal state (S, F) ⲧⲁϩ⸗, or (F) ⲧⲉϩ⸗, stative ⲧⲏϩ, or (F) ⲧⲉϩ)
* (Sahidic, Lycopolitan, Fayyumic, intransitive) to be mixed, be disturbed, be clouded
* (Sahidic, Lycopolitan, Fayyumic, transitive) to mix, stir

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh | imperative | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲧⲱϩ štemtōh | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲱϩ, ⲡⲉⲗⲧⲱϩ mpeltōh, peltōh |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲧⲱϩ titōh | ⲕⲧⲱϩ ktōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ tetōh | ϥⲧⲱϩ ftōh | ⲥⲧⲱϩ stōh | ⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ tentōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ tetentōh | ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ setōh | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ eitōh | ⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ektōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ eletōh | ⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eftōh | ⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ estōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ entōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ eletentōh | ⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ eutōh | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ele- tōh |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲧⲱϩ etitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ etetōh | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eteftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etetentōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ete- tōh, etele- tōh |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ naitōh | ⲛⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ naktōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ naletōh | ⲛⲁϥⲧⲱϩ naftōh | ⲛⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nastōh | ⲛⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nantōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ naletentōh | ⲛⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nautōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nale- tōh |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ aitōh | ⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aktōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ aletōh | ⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aftōh | ⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ astōh | ⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ antōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ aletentōh | ⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ autōh | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ale- tōh |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ tinetōh | ⲕⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ knetōh | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ tenetōh | ϥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ fnetōh | ⲥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ snetōh | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ tennetōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ tetennetōh | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ senetōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ netōh |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ einetōh | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ eknetōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ elenetōh | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ efnetōh | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ esnetōh | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ ennetōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ eletennetōh | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ eunetōh | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ ele- netōh |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etinetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ eteknetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etenetōh | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etefnetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etesnetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etennetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etetennetōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etounetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etele- netōh |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nainetōh | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ naknetōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nalenetōh | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nafnetōh | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nasnetōh | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nannetōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ naletennetōh | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ naunetōh | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nale- netōh |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ ainetōh | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ aknetōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ alenetōh | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ afnetōh | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ asnetōh | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ annetōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ aletennetōh | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ aunetōh | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ ale- netōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ aitōh | ⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aktōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ aletōh | ⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aftōh | ⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ astōh | ⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ antōh | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ atetentōh | ⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ autōh | ⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ a- tōh |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ mpitōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ mpektōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ mpetōh | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲱϩ mpeftōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ mpestōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mpentōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mpetentōh | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ mpoutōh | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mpe- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ eaitōh | ⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ eaktōh | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ ealetōh | ⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ eaftōh | ⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ eastōh | ⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eantōh | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ eatetentōh | ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ eautōh | ⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ ea- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ empitōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ empektōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ empetōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲱϩ empeftōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ empestōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ empentōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ empetentōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ empoutōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ empe- tōh |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ ntaitōh | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ ntaktōh | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ ntaletōh | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ ntaftōh | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ ntastōh | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ntantōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etaletentōh | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ ntautōh | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ nta- tōh |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ etempitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etempektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ etempetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲱϩ etempeftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etempestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etempentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etempetentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etempoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etempe- tōh |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ nneaitōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ nneaktōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ nnealetōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ nneaftōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nneastōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nneantōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nneatetentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nneautōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ nnea- tōh |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ nnempitōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nnempektōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ nnempetōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nnempeftōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nnempestōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnempentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnempetentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nnempoutōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nnempe- tōh |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ aaitōh | ⲁⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aaktōh | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ aaletōh | ⲁⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aaftōh | ⲁⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ aastōh | ⲁⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ aantōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etaletentōh | ⲁⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ aautōh | ⲁⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ aa- tōh |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ mpatitōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ mpatektōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ mpatetōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ mpateftōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ mpatestōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mpatentōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mpatetentōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ mpatoutōh | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mpate- tōh |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ empatitōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ empatektōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ empatetōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ empateftōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ empatestōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ empatentōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ empatetentōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ empatoutōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ empate- tōh |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ etempatitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etempatektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ etempatetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ etempateftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etempatestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etempatentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etempatetentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etempatoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etempate- tōh |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ nnempatitōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nnempatektōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ nnempatetōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nnempateftōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nnempatestōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnempatentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnempatetentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nnempatoutōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nnempate- tōh |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ šaitōh | ϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ šaktōh | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ šaletōh | ϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ šaftōh | ϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ šastōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ šantōh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ šatetentōh | ϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ šautōh | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šale- tōh |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ meitōh | ⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ mektōh | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ meletōh | ⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ meftōh | ⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ mestōh | ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mentōh | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ meletentōh | ⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ meutōh | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mele- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ ešaitōh | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ ešaktōh | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ ešaletōh | ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ ešaftōh | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ ešastōh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ešantōh | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ešatetentōh | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ ešautōh | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ešale- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ emeitōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ emektōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ emeletōh | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ emeftōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ emestōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ementōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ emeletentōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ emeutōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ emele- tōh |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ etešaitōh, nšaitōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ etešaktōh, nšaktōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ etešaletōh, nšaletōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ etešaftōh, nšaftōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ etešastōh, nšastōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etešantōh, nšantōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etešatetentōh, nšatetentōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ etešautōh, nšautōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etešale- tōh, nšale- tōh |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ etemeitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etemektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ etemeletōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ etemeftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etemestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etementōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etemeletentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ etemeutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etemele- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ nnešaitōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ nnešaktōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ nnešaletōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ nnešaftōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nnešastōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nnešantōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnešatetentōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nnešautōh | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nnešale- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ nnemeitōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nnemektōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ nnemeletōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nnemeftōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nnemestōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnementōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnemeletentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ nnemeutōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nnemele- tōh |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲧⲱϩ nmeitōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nmektōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ nmeletōh | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nmeftōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nmestōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nmentōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nmeletentōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ nmeutōh | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nmele- tōh |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲧⲱϩ eietōh | ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲱϩ eketōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ eletōh | ⲉϥⲉⲧⲱϩ efetōh | ⲉⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ esetōh | ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ enetōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ eletenetōh | ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲱϩ euetōh | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ele- tōh |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nnatōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nnektōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ nnetōh | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nneftōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nnestōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnentōh | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nnetentōh | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nnoutōh | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nne- tōh |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲧⲱϩ malitōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲱϩ maleftōh | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ malestōh | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ malentōh | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ maloutōh | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ male- tōh |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ mpeltritōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ mpeltreftōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ mpeltrestōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mpeltrentōh | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ mpeltreutōh | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mpeltre- tōh |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ tatōh, ntatōh | ⲛⲕⲧⲱϩ nktōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ ntetōh | ⲛϥⲧⲱϩ nftōh | ⲛⲥⲧⲱϩ nstōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ntentōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ntetentōh | ⲛⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ nsetōh | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nte- tōh |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲧⲱϩ talitōh, ntalitōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ talektōh, ntalektōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ taletōh, ntaletōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲧⲱϩ taleftōh, ntaleftōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ talestōh, ntalestōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ talentōh, ntalentōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ taletentōh, ntaletentōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ taloutōh, ntaloutōh | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ tale- tōh, ntale- tōh |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲧⲱϩ ntelitōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ntelektōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ nteletōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nteleftōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ ntelestōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ntelentōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nteletentōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nteloutōh | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ntele- tōh |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲧⲱϩ šantitōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ šantektōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ šantetōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ šanteftōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ šantestōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ šantentōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ šantetentōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ šantoutōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šante- tōh |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eišantōh | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ekšantōh | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ elešantōh | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ efšantōh | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ esšantōh | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ enšantōh | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eletenšantōh | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eušantōh | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲱϩ elešan- tōh, elšan- tōh |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ aitōh | ⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aktōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲱϩ aletōh | ⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aftōh | ⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ astōh | ⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ antōh | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ aletentōh | ⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ autōh | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ale- tōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh | imperative | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲧⲱϩ tm̄tōh | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄ntōh, m̄pr̄tōh |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲧⲱϩ titōh | ⲕⲧⲱϩ ktōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ tetōh | ϥⲧⲱϩ ftōh | ⲥⲧⲱϩ stōh | ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tn̄tōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tetn̄tōh | ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ setōh | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eïtōh | ⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ektōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eretōh | ⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eftōh | ⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ estōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ entōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ eutōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲧⲱϩ etitōh | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etk̄tōh, etektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etetōh, eteretōh | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ etf̄tōh, eteftōh | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ ets̄tōh, etestōh | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etn̄tōh, etentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etere- tōh, ete- tōh |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ neïtōh | ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nektōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ neretōh | ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱϩ neftōh | ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nestōh | ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nentōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ netetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ neutōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nere- tōh |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tinatōh | ⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ knatōh | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tenatōh | ϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ fnatōh | ⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ snatōh | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tn̄natōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tetnatōh | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ senatōh | ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ natōh |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eïnatōh | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eknatōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ erenatōh | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ efnatōh | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ esnatōh | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ennatōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etetnatōh | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eunatōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ere- natōh |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etinatōh | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etk̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etenatōh, eterenatōh | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etf̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ets̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etn̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etetnatōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etounatōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etere- natōh |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neïnatōh | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neknatōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nerenatōh | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nefnatōh | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nesnatōh | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nennatōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ netetnatōh | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neunatōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nere- natōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ aïtōh | ⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aktōh | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ aretōh | ⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aftōh | ⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ astōh | ⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ antōh | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ atetn̄tōh | ⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ autōh | ⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ a- tōh |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ m̄pitōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ m̄pk̄tōh, m̄pektōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄petōh, m̄pr̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥⲧⲱϩ m̄pf̄tōh, m̄peftōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ m̄ps̄tōh, m̄pestōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ m̄pn̄tōh, m̄pentōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄petn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄poutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pe- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eaïtōh | ⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ eaktōh | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ earetōh | ⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ eaftōh | ⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ eastōh | ⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eantōh | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ eatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ eautōh | ⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ ea- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ empitōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ empk̄tōh, empektōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ empetōh, empr̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ empk̄tōh, empektōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ emps̄tōh, empestōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ empn̄tōh, empentōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ empetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ empoutōh | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ empe- tōh |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ etaïtōh, n̄taïtōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ etaktōh, n̄taktōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩⲧⲱϩ etaretōh, n̄tatōhtōh | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ etaftōh, n̄taftōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ etastōh, n̄tastōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etantōh, n̄tantōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etatetn̄tōh, n̄tatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ etautōh, n̄tautōh | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ eta- tōh, n̄ta- tōh |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ etempitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etempk̄tōh, etempektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ etempetōh, etempr̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etempk̄tōh, etempektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etemps̄tōh, etempestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etempn̄tōh, etempentōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etempetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etempoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etempe- tōh |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ neaïtōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ neaktōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ nearetōh | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ neaftōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ neastōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ neantōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ neatetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ neautōh | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ nea- tōh |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ nempitōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nempk̄tōh, nempektōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ nempetōh, nempr̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nempk̄tōh, nempektōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nemps̄tōh, nempestōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nempn̄tōh, nempentōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nempetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nempoutōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nempe- tōh |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ n̄taïtōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄taktōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄taretōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ n̄taftōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄tastōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ n̄tantōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tatetn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ n̄tautōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄ta- tōh |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ m̄patitōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patk̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ m̄patetōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patf̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pats̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patetn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄patoutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ em̄patitōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patk̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ em̄patetōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patf̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄pats̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ em̄patoutōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ em̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ etem̄patitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patk̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ etem̄patetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patf̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pats̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etem̄patoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ nem̄patitōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patk̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ nem̄patetōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patf̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pats̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nem̄patoutōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pate- tōh |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ šaïtōh | ϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ šaktōh | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ šaretōh | ϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ šaftōh | ϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ šastōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ šantōh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ šatetn̄tōh | ϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ šautōh | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šare- tōh |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ maïtōh | ⲙⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ maktōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ maretōh | ⲙⲁϥⲧⲱϩ maftōh | ⲙⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ mastōh | ⲙⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ mantōh | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ matetn̄tōh | ⲙⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ mautōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mare- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ ešaïtōh | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ ešaktōh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ ešaretōh | ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ ešaftōh | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ ešastōh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ešantōh | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ ešatetn̄tōh | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ ešautōh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ešare- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ emaïtōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ emaktōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ emaretōh | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲧⲱϩ emaftōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ emastōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ emantōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ ematetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ emautōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ emare- tōh |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ etešaïtōh, ešaïtōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ etešaktōh, ešaktōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etešaretōh, ešaretōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ etešaftōh, ešaftōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ etešastōh, ešastōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etešantōh, ešantōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etešatetn̄tōh, ešatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ etešautōh, ešautōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etešare- tōh, ešare- tōh |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ etemaïtōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ etemaktōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etemaretōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲧⲱϩ etemaftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ etemastōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etemantōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etematetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ etemautōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etemare- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ nešaïtōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ nešaktōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ nešaretōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ nešaftōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nešastōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nešantōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nešatetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nešautōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nešare- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ nemaïtōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ nemaktōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ nemaretōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲧⲱϩ nemaftōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nemastōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nemantōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nematetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nemautōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nemare- tōh |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ emaïtōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ emaktōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ emaretōh | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲧⲱϩ emaftōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ emastōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ emantōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ ematetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ emautōh | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ emare- tōh |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲁⲧⲱϩ eïatōh | ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲱϩ ekatōh | ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲱϩ eratōh | ⲉϥⲁⲧⲱϩ efatōh | ⲉⲥⲁⲧⲱϩ esatōh | ⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ enatōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etetnatōh | ⲉⲩⲁⲧⲱϩ euatōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ natōh | ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nektōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ netōh | ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱϩ neftōh | ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nestōh | ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nentōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ netn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ neutōh | ⲛⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ne- tōh |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ maritōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ mareftōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ marestōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ marn̄tōh | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ maroutōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mare- tōh |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁⲧⲱϩ m̄prtratōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ m̄prtreftōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ m̄prtrestōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ m̄prtrentōh | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄prtreutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pōrte- tōh |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ n̄tatōh, tatōh | ⲛ̄ⲅⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄gtōh, n̄ktōh, ktōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄tetōh, tetōh | ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲱϩ, ϥⲧⲱϩ n̄ftōh, ftōh | ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄stōh, stōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tn̄tōh, tn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tetn̄tōh, tetn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄setōh, setōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄te- tōh |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ taritōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ tarektōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ taretōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ tareftōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ tarestōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tarn̄tōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ taretn̄tōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ taroutōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ tare- tōh |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ n̄taritōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄tarektōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄taretōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ n̄tareftōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄tarestōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tarn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄taretn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ n̄taroutōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄tare- tōh |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲧⲱϩ šantitōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ šantk̄tōh, šantektōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ šantetōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲱϩ šantf̄tōh, šanteftōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ šants̄tōh, šantestōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ šantn̄tōh, šantentōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ šantetn̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ šantoutōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šante- tōh |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eïšantōh | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ekšantōh | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eršantōh, erešantōh | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ efšantōh | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ esšantōh | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ enšantōh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ ešantetn̄tōh | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eušantōh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ ešante- tōh, erša- tōh |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eïtōh | ⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ektōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eretōh | ⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eftōh | ⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ estōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ entōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ eutōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh | imperative | affirmative | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲧⲱϩ tm̄tōh | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄tōh |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲧⲱϩ titōh | ⲕⲧⲱϩ ktōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ tetōh | ϥⲧⲱϩ ftōh | ⲥⲧⲱϩ stōh | ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tn̄tōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tetn̄tōh | ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ setōh | ⲧⲱϩ tōh |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eïtōh | ⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ektōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eretōh | ⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eftōh | ⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ estōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ entōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ eutōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲧⲱϩ etitōh | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ etk̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etetōh, eteretōh | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etf̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ ets̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etere- tōh |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ neïtōh | ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nektōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ neretōh | ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱϩ neftōh | ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nestōh | ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nentōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ netetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ neutōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nere- tōh |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tinatōh | ⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ knatōh | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tenatōh | ϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ fnatōh | ⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ snatōh | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tn̄natōh | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ tetnatōh | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ senatōh | ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ natōh |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eïnatōh | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eknatōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ erenatōh | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ efnatōh | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ esnatōh | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ennatōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etetnatōh | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ eunatōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ere- natōh |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etinatōh | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etk̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etenatōh, eterenatōh | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etf̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ ets̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etn̄natōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etetnatōh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etounatōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ etere- natōh |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neïnatōh | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neknatōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nerenatōh | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nefnatōh | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nesnatōh | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nennatōh | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ netetnatōh | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ neunatōh | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ nere- natōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ aïtōh | ⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ aktōh | ⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ atōh, artōh, aretōh | ⲁϥⲧⲱϩ aftōh | ⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ astōh | ⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ antōh | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ atetn̄tōh | ⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ autōh | ⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ a- tōh |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ m̄pitōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pk̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄petōh, m̄pr̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pf̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄ps̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄petn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄poutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pe- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eaïtōh | ⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ eaktōh | ⲉⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eatōh, eartōh, earetōh | ⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ eaftōh | ⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ eastōh | ⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eantōh | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ eatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ eautōh | ⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ ea- tōh |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ em̄pitōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄pk̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄petōh, em̄pr̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄pf̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄ps̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄pn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄petn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ em̄poutōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ em̄pe- tōh |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ entaïtōh, n̄taïtōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ entaktōh, n̄taktōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ entatōh, n̄tatōh, entartōh, n̄tartōh, entaretōh, n̄taretōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ entaftōh, n̄taftōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ entastōh, n̄tastōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ entantōh, n̄tantōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ entatetn̄tōh, n̄tatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ entautōh, n̄tautōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ enta- tōh, n̄ta- tōh |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ etem̄pitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pk̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄petōh, etem̄pr̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pf̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄ps̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄petn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etem̄poutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pe- tōh |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ neaïtōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ neaktōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ neatōh, neartōh, nearetōh | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲧⲱϩ neaftōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ neastōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ neantōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ neatetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ neautōh | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ nea- tōh |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲧⲱϩ nem̄pitōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pk̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄petōh, nem̄pr̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pf̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄ps̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄petn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nem̄poutōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pe- tōh |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ n̄taïtōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄taktōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄tatōh, n̄tartōh, n̄taretōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲱϩ n̄taftōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄tastōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ n̄tantōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tatetn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ n̄tautōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄ta- tōh |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ m̄patitōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patk̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ m̄patetōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patf̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄pats̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ m̄patetn̄tōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄patoutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ em̄patitōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patk̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ em̄patetōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patf̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄pats̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ em̄patetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ em̄patoutōh | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ em̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ etem̄patitōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patk̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ etem̄patetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patf̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pats̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etem̄patetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ etem̄patoutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etem̄pate- tōh |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲧⲱϩ nem̄patitōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patk̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ nem̄patetōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patf̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pats̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nem̄patetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ nem̄patoutōh | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nem̄pate- tōh |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ šaïtōh | ϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ šaktōh | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ šaretōh | ϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ šaftōh | ϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ šastōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ šantōh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ šatetn̄tōh | ϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ šautōh | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šare- tōh |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ meïtōh | ⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ mektōh | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ meretōh | ⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ meftōh | ⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ mestōh | ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ mentōh | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ metetn̄tōh | ⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ meutōh | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mere- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ ešaïtōh | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ ešaktōh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ ešaretōh | ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ ešaftōh | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ ešastōh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ešantōh | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ ešatetn̄tōh | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ ešautōh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ešare- tōh |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ emeïtōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ emektōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ emeretōh | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ emeftōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ emestōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ementōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ emetetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ emeutōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ emere- tōh |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ etešaïtōh, ešaïtōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ etešaktōh, ešaktōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etešaretōh, ešaretōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ etešaftōh, ešaftōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ etešastōh, ešastōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etešantōh, ešantōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etešatetn̄tōh, ešatetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ etešautōh, ešautōh | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etešare- tōh, ešare- tōh |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ etemeïtōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ etemektōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ etemeretōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ etemeftōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ etemestōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ etementōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etemetetn̄tōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ etemeutōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ etemere- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ nešaïtōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲧⲱϩ nešaktōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ nešaretōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲱϩ nešaftōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲧⲱϩ nešastōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ nešantōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nešatetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲱϩ nešautōh | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nešare- tōh |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ nemeïtōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ nemektōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ nemeretōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ nemeftōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ nemestōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ nementōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ nemetetn̄tōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ nemeutōh | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ nemere- tōh |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ emeïtōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ emektōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ emeretōh | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲧⲱϩ emeftōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ emestōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ ementōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ emetetn̄tōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ emeutōh | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ emere- tōh |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲧⲱϩ eïetōh | ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲱϩ eketōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eretōh | ⲉϥⲉⲧⲱϩ efetōh | ⲉⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ esetōh | ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ enetōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ etetnetōh | ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲱϩ euetōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲱϩ n̄natōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄nektōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄netōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱϩ n̄neftōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄nestōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ n̄nentōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄netn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ n̄neutōh | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄ne- tōh |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ maritōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ mareftōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ marestōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ marn̄tōh | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ maroutōh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ mare- tōh |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄tratōh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄treftōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄trestōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄trentōh | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄treutōh | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ m̄pr̄tre- tōh |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ, ⲧⲁⲧⲱϩ n̄tatōh, tatōh | ⲛ̄ⲅⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄gtōh, n̄ktōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄tetōh | ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲱϩ n̄ftōh | ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄stōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄tetn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲱϩ n̄setōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄te- tōh |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ taritōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ tarektōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ taretōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ tareftōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ tarestōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ tarn̄tōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ taretn̄tōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ taroutōh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ tare- tōh |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲧⲱϩ n̄teritōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ n̄terektōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲧⲱϩ n̄teretōh, n̄terertōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ n̄tereftōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ n̄terestōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ n̄tern̄tōh, n̄terentōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ n̄teretn̄tōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ n̄teroutōh | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ n̄tere- tōh |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲧⲱϩ šantitōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲧⲱϩ šantk̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲱϩ šantetōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲧⲱϩ šantf̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲱϩ šants̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ šantn̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ šantetn̄tōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱϩ šantoutōh | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ šante- tōh |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eïšantōh | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ ekšantōh | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eršantōh, erešantōh | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ efšantōh | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ esšantōh | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ enšantōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ etetn̄šantōh | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲱϩ eušantōh | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲧⲱϩ eršan- tōh |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲱϩ eïtōh | ⲉⲕⲧⲱϩ ektōh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲱϩ eretōh | ⲉϥⲧⲱϩ eftōh | ⲉⲥⲧⲱϩ estōh | ⲉⲛⲧⲱϩ entōh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲱϩ etetn̄tōh | ⲉⲩⲧⲱϩ eutōh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲧⲱϩ ere- tōh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

#### Noun

ⲧⲱϩ • (tōh) m
* (Sahidic) mixture, disturbance

#### Related terms

* ⲁⲧⲧⲱϩ (attōh, “unmixed, not confused”)
* ⲙⲁⲓⲧⲱϩ (maitōh, “loving to meddle”)
* ⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ (reftōh, “mixer, meddler”)
* ⲙⲛⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲱϩ (mntreftōh, “confusion, disturbance”)
* ⲧⲁϩⲥ (tahs, “confusion”) (Lycopolitan)
* ⲧⲁϩⲧϩ (tahth, “mix; mixture”)

### References

* TLA lemma no. C4763 (ⲧⲱϩ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA), , ,
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 453