# 竭

| 竭 | U+7AED, &#31469; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AED |
| ← 竬 [U+7AEC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 竮 → [U+7AEE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

竭 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日心女 (YTAPV), four-corner 0612$_7$, composition ⿰立曷)

#### Derived characters

* 𢷒, 𫕴, 𮒍

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 872, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25803
* Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2713, character 20
* Unihan data for U+7AED

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 竭 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jié (jie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kit$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): giĕ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kia̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jié
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jié
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$
*** Yale: jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kit$^3$
*** Yale: kit
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kit$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiːt̚³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giĕ
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: kia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /kiak̚⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit竭 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑi²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕieʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕie²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕie²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiat̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰiet̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hit̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kʰit̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hit̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiat̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kieʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kiɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kiak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kit̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: gjot, gjet
Rime :
| Character | 竭 | 竭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 月 (67) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 其謁切 | 渠列切 |
| Baxter | gjot | gjet |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨɐt̚/ | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨat̚/ | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiɐt̚/ | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɐt̚/ | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gɨ̯ɐt̚/ | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jié | jié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git$^6$ | git$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k](r)at/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡad/, /*ɡrad/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 竭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjet › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-[k](r)at/ |
| English | exhaust (v.); dry up |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 竭 | 竭 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 5060 | 5051 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𢷒 | 傑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡad/ | /*ɡrad/ |

#### Definitions

竭
* to shoulder
* to dry up; to drain
* to exhaust; to use up

#### Compounds

* 不竭
* 傾家竭產／倾家竭产
* 兵盡器竭／兵尽器竭
* 再衰三竭
* 力殫財竭／力殚财竭
* 力竭 (lìjié)
* 力竭聲嘶／力竭声嘶 (lìjiéshēngsī)
* 力竭難支／力竭难支
* 勢窮力竭／势穷力竭
* 取之不竭 (qǔzhībùjié)
* 告竭
* 彼竭我盈 (bǐjiéwǒyíng)
* 心力衰竭 (xīnlì shuāijié)
* 心臟衰竭／心脏衰竭 (xīnzàng shuāijié)
* 悉心竭力
* 情見勢竭／情见势竭
* 枯竭 (kūjié)
* 殄竭
* 殫心竭力／殚心竭力
* 殫心竭慮／殚心竭虑
* 殫智竭力／殚智竭力
* 殫精竭力／殚精竭力
* 殫精竭慮／殚精竭虑 (dānjīngjiélǜ)
* 滔滔不竭
* 甘井先竭 (gānjǐngxiānjié)
* 甘泉必竭
* 用之不竭 (yòngzhībùjié)
* 用心竭力
* 疲竭
* 盡心竭力／尽心竭力 (jìnxīnjiélì)
* 盡心竭誠／尽心竭诚
* 盡忠竭力／尽忠竭力
* 盡節竭誠／尽节竭诚
* 盡誠竭節／尽诚竭节
* 窮竭／穷竭 (qióngjié)
* 竭分
* 竭力 (jiélì)
* 竭智盡力／竭智尽力
* 竭智盡忠／竭智尽忠
* 竭澤而漁／竭泽而渔 (jiézé'éryú)
* 竭盡／竭尽 (jiéjìn)
* 竭盡全力／竭尽全力 (jiéjìnquánlì)
* 竭盡心思／竭尽心思
* 竭絕／竭绝
* 竭誠／竭诚 (jiéchéng)
* 竭誠歡迎／竭诚欢迎
* 竭誠盡節／竭诚尽节
* 竭蹶 (jiéjué)
* 筋疲力竭
* 精疲力竭 (jīngpílìjié)
* 罄竭
* 翦枝竭流
* 耗竭 (hàojié)
* 聲嘶力竭／声嘶力竭 (shēngsīlìjié)
* 腸枯思竭／肠枯思竭
* 苦心竭力
* 虛竭／虚竭
* 衰竭 (shuāijié)
* 計窮力竭／计穷力竭
* 財殫力竭／财殚力竭
* 財竭力盡／财竭力尽

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kia̍t / khia̍t / kha̍t
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: kia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiat
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: khia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiat
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɛt̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kha̍t
*** Tâi-lô: kha̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qat
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰat̚⁴/

#### Definitions

竭
* (Hokkien) to be deficient; to be lacking; to be short of
* (Mainland China Hokkien) infertile; barren (of land)
* (Xiamen Hokkien) stingy; miserly
* (Xiamen Hokkien) sluggish; slack (of business)

##### Synonyms

* (infertile): 貧瘠／贫瘠 (pínjí); (Hokkien) 乾竭／干竭 (gānjié)
* (stingy):
* 吝嗇／吝啬 (lìnsè)
* 小氣／小气 (xiǎoqì)
* 慳吝／悭吝 (qiānlìn) (literary)
* 摳／抠 (kōu)
* 摳門／抠门 (kōumén)
* 窮相／穷相 (qióngxiàng) (literary or regional)
* 鄙吝 (bǐlìn) (literary)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吝嗇, 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 小摳兒, 小氣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 小摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吝嗇, 小摳, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吝嗇 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吝嗇 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 摳惜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 摳, 窮摳 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 摳, 老摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 摳, 不出息 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 摳, 摳門兒, 小氣 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 黑饞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 摳, 奸 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 摳, 摳搜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 奸, 拤古 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 拤古 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吝嗇, 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 老摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 摳, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 摳, 老鱉一 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 摳, 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吝嗇, 摳, 尖 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 嗇 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 摳 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吝嗇, 雀薄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 摳, 夾殼兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 夾摳, 夾殼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吝嗇, 摳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 尖鉤鉤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 嗇皮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吝嗇, 免頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 小氣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 小氣, 嗇掐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 摳 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 摳, 尿 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 摳, 小氣, 算小 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 小氣, 慳, 刻薄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微, 知慎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 耳屎, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 孤寒, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 孤寒, 小格 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 小氣, 慳嗇 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 孤寒, 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 慳濕, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 細氣 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 孤寒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嗇, 小氣 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 慳吝, 小氣 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 歪 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 孤寒, 蔑屑 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 小氣, 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 嗇 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 齧察 |
| Hakka | Changting | 癄 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 齧 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 歪, 齧察 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 精 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 小氣, 小相 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 小氣 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 精, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 齧察, 齧合澀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 硞, 虯, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 摳 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 小氣 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 小毛, 小氣, 小鬼 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 小氣, 吃小米 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳 |
| Jin | Datong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鬼祟, 小氣 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 摳 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 摳, 慳, 摳搜 |
| Jin | Linhe | 憋, 缺 |
| Jin | Jining | 摳 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 小氣 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 摳唆 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Handan | 小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 摳 |
| Jin | Suide | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嗇鄙, 小癖氣 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 小氣 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 嗇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣, 十絕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 枝釐 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 夾絲 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 孤霜, 㾀屎 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 凍霜, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 凍霜, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹, 汌, 貓潲 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 挾潲 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 澀鼻 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 鹹澀, 貓 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鹹澀, 細氣 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鹹澀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鹹澀 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 孤寒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 孤寒, 孽屎 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 小氣, 小相 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 小氣 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 吝嗇 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 小氣, 算小, 掐 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 小氣, 嗇 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 小氣 |
| Wu | Danyang | 嗇掐, 小氣 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小氣, 精馬, 精巴 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 小氣, 刮皮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 小氣, 貓, 吃不得 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 小相 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 小氣 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 吝嗇 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 小相 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 小氣 |

#### Compounds

* 乾竭／干竭 (gānjié)
* 竭地

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けつ (ketsu)
* Kun: つきる (tsukiru)、つくす (tsukusu)

## Korean
### Hanja

竭 • (gal, geol) (hangeul 갈, 걸, revised gal, geol, McCune–Reischauer kal, kŏl, Yale kal, kel)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

竭: Hán Nôm readings: kiệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.