# shayisa
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -shaya +‎ -isa.

### Verb

-shayísa
* (transitive) to cause to beat, to cause to hit, to cause to knock, to cause to strike
* (intransitive) to knock off (work)

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukushayisa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukushayisa | ukungashayisi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | shayisa | -shayise |
| Plural | shayisani | -shayiseni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyashayisa, ngishayisa | engishayisayo, engishayisa | ngishayisa | angishayisi | engingashayisi | ngingashayisi |
| 2nd singular | uyashayisa, ushayisa | oshayisayo, oshayisa | ushayisa | awushayisi | ongashayisi | ungashayisi |
| 1st plural | siyashayisa, sishayisa | esishayisayo, esishayisa | sishayisa | asishayisi | esingashayisi | singashayisi |
| 2nd plural | niyashayisa, nishayisa | enishayisayo, enishayisa | nishayisa | anishayisi | eningashayisi | ningashayisi |
| Class 1 | uyashayisa, ushayisa | oshayisayo, oshayisa | eshayisa | akashayisi | ongashayisi | engashayisi |
| Class 2 | bayashayisa, bashayisa | abashayisayo, abashayisa | beshayisa | abashayisi | abangashayisi | bengashayisi |
| Class 3 | uyashayisa, ushayisa | oshayisayo, oshayisa | ushayisa | awushayisi | ongashayisi | ungashayisi |
| Class 4 | iyashayisa, ishayisa | eshayisayo, eshayisa | ishayisa | ayishayisi | engashayisi | ingashayisi |
| Class 5 | liyashayisa, lishayisa | elishayisayo, elishayisa | lishayisa | alishayisi | elingashayisi | lingashayisi |
| Class 6 | ayashayisa, ashayisa | ashayisayo, ashayisa | eshayisa | awashayisi | angashayisi | engashayisi |
| Class 7 | siyashayisa, sishayisa | esishayisayo, esishayisa | sishayisa | asishayisi | esingashayisi | singashayisi |
| Class 8 | ziyashayisa, zishayisa | ezishayisayo, ezishayisa | zishayisa | azishayisi | ezingashayisi | zingashayisi |
| Class 9 | iyashayisa, ishayisa | eshayisayo, eshayisa | ishayisa | ayishayisi | engashayisi | ingashayisi |
| Class 10 | ziyashayisa, zishayisa | ezishayisayo, ezishayisa | zishayisa | azishayisi | ezingashayisi | zingashayisi |
| Class 11 | luyashayisa, lushayisa | olushayisayo, olushayisa | lushayisa | alushayisi | olungashayisi | lungashayisi |
| Class 14 | buyashayisa, bushayisa | obushayisayo, obushayisa | bushayisa | abushayisi | obungashayisi | bungashayisi |
| Class 15 | kuyashayisa, kushayisa | okushayisayo, okushayisa | kushayisa | akushayisi | okungashayisi | kungashayisi |
| Class 17 | kuyashayisa, kushayisa | okushayisayo, okushayisa | kushayisa | akushayisi | okungashayisi | kungashayisi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngishayisile, ngishayisē | engishayisile, engishayisē | ngishayisile, ngishayisē | angishayisanga | engingashayisanga | ngingashayisanga |
| 2nd singular | ushayisile, ushayisē | oshayisile, oshayisē | ushayisile, ushayisē | awushayisanga | ongashayisanga | ungashayisanga |
| 1st plural | sishayisile, sishayisē | esishayisile, esishayisē | sishayisile, sishayisē | asishayisanga | esingashayisanga | singashayisanga |
| 2nd plural | nishayisile, nishayisē | enishayisile, enishayisē | nishayisile, nishayisē | anishayisanga | eningashayisanga | ningashayisanga |
| Class 1 | ushayisile, ushayisē | oshayisile, oshayisē | eshayisile, eshayisē | akashayisanga | ongashayisanga | engashayisanga |
| Class 2 | bashayisile, bashayisē | abashayisile, abashayisē | beshayisile, beshayisē | abashayisanga | abangashayisanga | bengashayisanga |
| Class 3 | ushayisile, ushayisē | oshayisile, oshayisē | ushayisile, ushayisē | awushayisanga | ongashayisanga | ungashayisanga |
| Class 4 | ishayisile, ishayisē | eshayisile, eshayisē | ishayisile, ishayisē | ayishayisanga | engashayisanga | ingashayisanga |
| Class 5 | lishayisile, lishayisē | elishayisile, elishayisē | lishayisile, lishayisē | alishayisanga | elingashayisanga | lingashayisanga |
| Class 6 | ashayisile, ashayisē | ashayisile, ashayisē | eshayisile, eshayisē | awashayisanga | angashayisanga | engashayisanga |
| Class 7 | sishayisile, sishayisē | esishayisile, esishayisē | sishayisile, sishayisē | asishayisanga | esingashayisanga | singashayisanga |
| Class 8 | zishayisile, zishayisē | ezishayisile, ezishayisē | zishayisile, zishayisē | azishayisanga | ezingashayisanga | zingashayisanga |
| Class 9 | ishayisile, ishayisē | eshayisile, eshayisē | ishayisile, ishayisē | ayishayisanga | engashayisanga | ingashayisanga |
| Class 10 | zishayisile, zishayisē | ezishayisile, ezishayisē | zishayisile, zishayisē | azishayisanga | ezingashayisanga | zingashayisanga |
| Class 11 | lushayisile, lushayisē | olushayisile, olushayisē | lushayisile, lushayisē | alushayisanga | olungashayisanga | lungashayisanga |
| Class 14 | bushayisile, bushayisē | obushayisile, obushayisē | bushayisile, bushayisē | abushayisanga | obungashayisanga | bungashayisanga |
| Class 15 | kushayisile, kushayisē | okushayisile, okushayisē | kushayisile, kushayisē | akushayisanga | okungashayisanga | kungashayisanga |
| Class 17 | kushayisile, kushayisē | okushayisile, okushayisē | kushayisile, kushayisē | akushayisanga | okungashayisanga | kungashayisanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāshayisa | engāshayisa | ngāshayisa | angishayisanga | engingashayisanga | ngingashayisanga |
| 2nd singular | wāshayisa | owāshayisa | wāshayisa | awushayisanga | ongashayisanga | ungashayisanga |
| 1st plural | sāshayisa | esāshayisa | sāshayisa | asishayisanga | esingashayisanga | singashayisanga |
| 2nd plural | nāshayisa | enāshayisa | nāshayisa | anishayisanga | eningashayisanga | ningashayisanga |
| Class 1 | wāshayisa | owāshayisa | āshayisa | akashayisanga | ongashayisanga | engashayisanga |
| Class 2 | bāshayisa | abāshayisa | bāshayisa | abashayisanga | abangashayisanga | bengashayisanga |
| Class 3 | wāshayisa | owāshayisa | wāshayisa | awushayisanga | ongashayisanga | ungashayisanga |
| Class 4 | yāshayisa | eyāshayisa | yāshayisa | ayishayisanga | engashayisanga | ingashayisanga |
| Class 5 | lāshayisa | elāshayisa | lāshayisa | alishayisanga | elingashayisanga | lingashayisanga |
| Class 6 | āshayisa | āshayisa | āshayisa | awashayisanga | angashayisanga | engashayisanga |
| Class 7 | sāshayisa | esāshayisa | sāshayisa | asishayisanga | esingashayisanga | singashayisanga |
| Class 8 | zāshayisa | ezāshayisa | zāshayisa | azishayisanga | ezingashayisanga | zingashayisanga |
| Class 9 | yāshayisa | eyāshayisa | yāshayisa | ayishayisanga | engashayisanga | ingashayisanga |
| Class 10 | zāshayisa | ezāshayisa | zāshayisa | azishayisanga | ezingashayisanga | zingashayisanga |
| Class 11 | lwāshayisa | olwāshayisa | lwāshayisa | alushayisanga | olungashayisanga | lungashayisanga |
| Class 14 | bāshayisa | obāshayisa | bāshayisa | abushayisanga | obungashayisanga | bungashayisanga |
| Class 15 | kwāshayisa | okwāshayisa | kwāshayisa | akushayisanga | okungashayisanga | kungashayisanga |
| Class 17 | kwāshayisa | okwāshayisa | kwāshayisa | akushayisanga | okungashayisanga | kungashayisanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingashayisa | — | ngingashayisa | ngingeshayise | — | ngingeshayise |
| 2nd singular | ungashayisa | — | ungashayisa | ungeshayise | — | ungeshayise |
| 1st plural | singashayisa | — | singashayisa | singeshayise | — | singeshayise |
| 2nd plural | ningashayisa | — | ningashayisa | ningeshayise | — | ningeshayise |
| Class 1 | angashayisa | — | engashayisa | angeshayise | — | engeshayise |
| Class 2 | bangashayisa | — | bengashayisa | bangeshayise | — | bengeshayise |
| Class 3 | ungashayisa | — | ungashayisa | ungeshayise | — | ungeshayise |
| Class 4 | ingashayisa | — | ingashayisa | ingeshayise | — | ingeshayise |
| Class 5 | lingashayisa | — | lingashayisa | lingeshayise | — | lingeshayise |
| Class 6 | angashayisa | — | engashayisa | angeshayise | — | engeshayise |
| Class 7 | singashayisa | — | singashayisa | singeshayise | — | singeshayise |
| Class 8 | zingashayisa | — | zingashayisa | zingeshayise | — | zingeshayise |
| Class 9 | ingashayisa | — | ingashayisa | ingeshayise | — | ingeshayise |
| Class 10 | zingashayisa | — | zingashayisa | zingeshayise | — | zingeshayise |
| Class 11 | lungashayisa | — | lungashayisa | lungeshayise | — | lungeshayise |
| Class 14 | bungashayisa | — | bungashayisa | bungeshayise | — | bungeshayise |
| Class 15 | kungashayisa | — | kungashayisa | kungeshayise | — | kungeshayise |
| Class 17 | kungashayisa | — | kungashayisa | kungeshayise | — | kungeshayise |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoshayisa | engizoshayisa | ngizoshayisa | angizushayisa | engingezushayisa | ngingezushayisa |
| 2nd singular | uzoshayisa | ozoshayisa | uzoshayisa | awuzushayisa | ongezushayisa | ungezushayisa |
| 1st plural | sizoshayisa | esizoshayisa | sizoshayisa | asizushayisa | esingezushayisa | singezushayisa |
| 2nd plural | nizoshayisa | enizoshayisa | nizoshayisa | anizushayisa | eningezushayisa | ningezushayisa |
| Class 1 | uzoshayisa | ozoshayisa | ezoshayisa | akazushayisa | ongezushayisa | engezushayisa |
| Class 2 | bazoshayisa | abazoshayisa | bezoshayisa | abazushayisa | abangezushayisa | bengezushayisa |
| Class 3 | uzoshayisa | ozoshayisa | uzoshayisa | awuzushayisa | ongezushayisa | ungezushayisa |
| Class 4 | izoshayisa | ezoshayisa | izoshayisa | ayizushayisa | engezushayisa | ingezushayisa |
| Class 5 | lizoshayisa | elizoshayisa | lizoshayisa | alizushayisa | elingezushayisa | lingezushayisa |
| Class 6 | azoshayisa | azoshayisa | ezoshayisa | awazushayisa | angezushayisa | engezushayisa |
| Class 7 | sizoshayisa | esizoshayisa | sizoshayisa | asizushayisa | esingezushayisa | singezushayisa |
| Class 8 | zizoshayisa | ezizoshayisa | zizoshayisa | azizushayisa | ezingezushayisa | zingezushayisa |
| Class 9 | izoshayisa | ezoshayisa | izoshayisa | ayizushayisa | engezushayisa | ingezushayisa |
| Class 10 | zizoshayisa | ezizoshayisa | zizoshayisa | azizushayisa | ezingezushayisa | zingezushayisa |
| Class 11 | luzoshayisa | oluzoshayisa | luzoshayisa | aluzushayisa | olungezushayisa | lungezushayisa |
| Class 14 | buzoshayisa | obuzoshayisa | buzoshayisa | abuzushayisa | obungezushayisa | bungezushayisa |
| Class 15 | kuzoshayisa | okuzoshayisa | kuzoshayisa | akuzushayisa | okungezushayisa | kungezushayisa |
| Class 17 | kuzoshayisa | okuzoshayisa | kuzoshayisa | akuzushayisa | okungezushayisa | kungezushayisa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoshayisa | engiyoshayisa | ngiyoshayisa | angiyushayisa | engingeyushayisa | ngingeyushayisa |
| 2nd singular | uyoshayisa | oyoshayisa | uyoshayisa | awuyushayisa | ongeyushayisa | ungeyushayisa |
| 1st plural | siyoshayisa | esiyoshayisa | siyoshayisa | asiyushayisa | esingeyushayisa | singeyushayisa |
| 2nd plural | niyoshayisa | eniyoshayisa | niyoshayisa | aniyushayisa | eningeyushayisa | ningeyushayisa |
| Class 1 | uyoshayisa | oyoshayisa | eyoshayisa | akayushayisa | ongeyushayisa | engeyushayisa |
| Class 2 | bayoshayisa | abayoshayisa | beyoshayisa | abayushayisa | abangeyushayisa | bengeyushayisa |
| Class 3 | uyoshayisa | oyoshayisa | uyoshayisa | awuyushayisa | ongeyushayisa | ungeyushayisa |
| Class 4 | iyoshayisa | eyoshayisa | iyoshayisa | ayiyushayisa | engeyushayisa | ingeyushayisa |
| Class 5 | liyoshayisa | eliyoshayisa | liyoshayisa | aliyushayisa | elingeyushayisa | lingeyushayisa |
| Class 6 | ayoshayisa | ayoshayisa | eyoshayisa | awayushayisa | angeyushayisa | engeyushayisa |
| Class 7 | siyoshayisa | esiyoshayisa | siyoshayisa | asiyushayisa | esingeyushayisa | singeyushayisa |
| Class 8 | ziyoshayisa | eziyoshayisa | ziyoshayisa | aziyushayisa | ezingeyushayisa | zingeyushayisa |
| Class 9 | iyoshayisa | eyoshayisa | iyoshayisa | ayiyushayisa | engeyushayisa | ingeyushayisa |
| Class 10 | ziyoshayisa | eziyoshayisa | ziyoshayisa | aziyushayisa | ezingeyushayisa | zingeyushayisa |
| Class 11 | luyoshayisa | oluyoshayisa | luyoshayisa | aluyushayisa | olungeyushayisa | lungeyushayisa |
| Class 14 | buyoshayisa | obuyoshayisa | buyoshayisa | abuyushayisa | obungeyushayisa | bungeyushayisa |
| Class 15 | kuyoshayisa | okuyoshayisa | kuyoshayisa | akuyushayisa | okungeyushayisa | kungeyushayisa |
| Class 17 | kuyoshayisa | okuyoshayisa | kuyoshayisa | akuyushayisa | okungeyushayisa | kungeyushayisa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngishayise | ngingashayisi |
| 2nd singular | ushayise | ungashayisi |
| 1st plural | sishayise | singashayisi |
| 2nd plural | nishayise | ningashayisi |
| Class 1 | ashayise | angashayisi |
| Class 2 | bashayise | bangashayisi |
| Class 3 | ushayise | ungashayisi |
| Class 4 | ishayise | ingashayisi |
| Class 5 | lishayise | lingashayisi |
| Class 6 | ashayise | angashayisi |
| Class 7 | sishayise | singashayisi |
| Class 8 | zishayise | zingashayisi |
| Class 9 | ishayise | ingashayisi |
| Class 10 | zishayise | zingashayisi |
| Class 11 | lushayise | lungashayisi |
| Class 14 | bushayise | bungashayisi |
| Class 15 | kushayise | kungashayisi |
| Class 17 | kushayise | kungashayisi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngashayisa | ngangashayisa, angashayisa, angangashayisa |
| 2nd singular | washayisa | wangashayisa, awashayisa, awangashayisa |
| 1st plural | sashayisa | sangashayisa, asashayisa, asangashayisa |
| 2nd plural | nashayisa | nangashayisa, anashayisa, anangashayisa |
| Class 1 | washayisa | wangashayisa, akashayisa, akangashayisa |
| Class 2 | bashayisa | bangashayisa, abashayisa, abangashayisa |
| Class 3 | washayisa | wangashayisa, awashayisa, awangashayisa |
| Class 4 | yashayisa | yangashayisa, ayashayisa, ayangashayisa |
| Class 5 | lashayisa | langashayisa, alashayisa, alangashayisa |
| Class 6 | ashayisa | angashayisa, awashayisa, awangashayisa |
| Class 7 | sashayisa | sangashayisa, asashayisa, asangashayisa |
| Class 8 | zashayisa | zangashayisa, azashayisa, azangashayisa |
| Class 9 | yashayisa | yangashayisa, ayashayisa, ayangashayisa |
| Class 10 | zashayisa | zangashayisa, azashayisa, azangashayisa |
| Class 11 | lwashayisa | lwangashayisa, alwashayisa, alwangashayisa |
| Class 14 | bashayisa | bangashayisa, abashayisa, abangashayisa |
| Class 15 | kwashayisa | kwangashayisa, akwashayisa, akwangashayisa |
| Class 17 | kwashayisa | kwangashayisa, akwashayisa, akwangashayisa |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “shayisa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “shayisa (3.2.9)”