# shaqeka
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -shaq- (“to amaze”) +‎ -eka (“neuter-passive”).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ʃaǃeːɠa/

### Verb

-shaqeka
* to be amazed, astonished, shocked

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukushaqeka |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukushaqeka | ukungashaqeki |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | shaqeka | -shaqeke |
| Plural | shaqekani | -shaqekeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyashaqeka, ngishaqeka | engishaqekayo, engishaqeka | ngishaqeka | angishaqeki | engingashaqeki | ngingashaqeki |
| 2nd singular | uyashaqeka, ushaqeka | oshaqekayo, oshaqeka | ushaqeka | awushaqeki | ongashaqeki | ungashaqeki |
| 1st plural | siyashaqeka, sishaqeka | esishaqekayo, esishaqeka | sishaqeka | asishaqeki | esingashaqeki | singashaqeki |
| 2nd plural | niyashaqeka, nishaqeka | enishaqekayo, enishaqeka | nishaqeka | anishaqeki | eningashaqeki | ningashaqeki |
| Class 1 | uyashaqeka, ushaqeka | oshaqekayo, oshaqeka | eshaqeka | akashaqeki | ongashaqeki | engashaqeki |
| Class 2 | bayashaqeka, bashaqeka | abashaqekayo, abashaqeka | beshaqeka | abashaqeki | abangashaqeki | bengashaqeki |
| Class 3 | uyashaqeka, ushaqeka | oshaqekayo, oshaqeka | ushaqeka | awushaqeki | ongashaqeki | ungashaqeki |
| Class 4 | iyashaqeka, ishaqeka | eshaqekayo, eshaqeka | ishaqeka | ayishaqeki | engashaqeki | ingashaqeki |
| Class 5 | liyashaqeka, lishaqeka | elishaqekayo, elishaqeka | lishaqeka | alishaqeki | elingashaqeki | lingashaqeki |
| Class 6 | ayashaqeka, ashaqeka | ashaqekayo, ashaqeka | eshaqeka | awashaqeki | angashaqeki | engashaqeki |
| Class 7 | siyashaqeka, sishaqeka | esishaqekayo, esishaqeka | sishaqeka | asishaqeki | esingashaqeki | singashaqeki |
| Class 8 | ziyashaqeka, zishaqeka | ezishaqekayo, ezishaqeka | zishaqeka | azishaqeki | ezingashaqeki | zingashaqeki |
| Class 9 | iyashaqeka, ishaqeka | eshaqekayo, eshaqeka | ishaqeka | ayishaqeki | engashaqeki | ingashaqeki |
| Class 10 | ziyashaqeka, zishaqeka | ezishaqekayo, ezishaqeka | zishaqeka | azishaqeki | ezingashaqeki | zingashaqeki |
| Class 11 | luyashaqeka, lushaqeka | olushaqekayo, olushaqeka | lushaqeka | alushaqeki | olungashaqeki | lungashaqeki |
| Class 14 | buyashaqeka, bushaqeka | obushaqekayo, obushaqeka | bushaqeka | abushaqeki | obungashaqeki | bungashaqeki |
| Class 15 | kuyashaqeka, kushaqeka | okushaqekayo, okushaqeka | kushaqeka | akushaqeki | okungashaqeki | kungashaqeki |
| Class 17 | kuyashaqeka, kushaqeka | okushaqekayo, okushaqeka | kushaqeka | akushaqeki | okungashaqeki | kungashaqeki |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngishaqekile, ngishaqekē | engishaqekile, engishaqekē | ngishaqekile, ngishaqekē | angishaqekanga | engingashaqekanga | ngingashaqekanga |
| 2nd singular | ushaqekile, ushaqekē | oshaqekile, oshaqekē | ushaqekile, ushaqekē | awushaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | ungashaqekanga |
| 1st plural | sishaqekile, sishaqekē | esishaqekile, esishaqekē | sishaqekile, sishaqekē | asishaqekanga | esingashaqekanga | singashaqekanga |
| 2nd plural | nishaqekile, nishaqekē | enishaqekile, enishaqekē | nishaqekile, nishaqekē | anishaqekanga | eningashaqekanga | ningashaqekanga |
| Class 1 | ushaqekile, ushaqekē | oshaqekile, oshaqekē | eshaqekile, eshaqekē | akashaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | engashaqekanga |
| Class 2 | bashaqekile, bashaqekē | abashaqekile, abashaqekē | beshaqekile, beshaqekē | abashaqekanga | abangashaqekanga | bengashaqekanga |
| Class 3 | ushaqekile, ushaqekē | oshaqekile, oshaqekē | ushaqekile, ushaqekē | awushaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | ungashaqekanga |
| Class 4 | ishaqekile, ishaqekē | eshaqekile, eshaqekē | ishaqekile, ishaqekē | ayishaqekanga | engashaqekanga | ingashaqekanga |
| Class 5 | lishaqekile, lishaqekē | elishaqekile, elishaqekē | lishaqekile, lishaqekē | alishaqekanga | elingashaqekanga | lingashaqekanga |
| Class 6 | ashaqekile, ashaqekē | ashaqekile, ashaqekē | eshaqekile, eshaqekē | awashaqekanga | angashaqekanga | engashaqekanga |
| Class 7 | sishaqekile, sishaqekē | esishaqekile, esishaqekē | sishaqekile, sishaqekē | asishaqekanga | esingashaqekanga | singashaqekanga |
| Class 8 | zishaqekile, zishaqekē | ezishaqekile, ezishaqekē | zishaqekile, zishaqekē | azishaqekanga | ezingashaqekanga | zingashaqekanga |
| Class 9 | ishaqekile, ishaqekē | eshaqekile, eshaqekē | ishaqekile, ishaqekē | ayishaqekanga | engashaqekanga | ingashaqekanga |
| Class 10 | zishaqekile, zishaqekē | ezishaqekile, ezishaqekē | zishaqekile, zishaqekē | azishaqekanga | ezingashaqekanga | zingashaqekanga |
| Class 11 | lushaqekile, lushaqekē | olushaqekile, olushaqekē | lushaqekile, lushaqekē | alushaqekanga | olungashaqekanga | lungashaqekanga |
| Class 14 | bushaqekile, bushaqekē | obushaqekile, obushaqekē | bushaqekile, bushaqekē | abushaqekanga | obungashaqekanga | bungashaqekanga |
| Class 15 | kushaqekile, kushaqekē | okushaqekile, okushaqekē | kushaqekile, kushaqekē | akushaqekanga | okungashaqekanga | kungashaqekanga |
| Class 17 | kushaqekile, kushaqekē | okushaqekile, okushaqekē | kushaqekile, kushaqekē | akushaqekanga | okungashaqekanga | kungashaqekanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāshaqeka | engāshaqeka | ngāshaqeka | angishaqekanga | engingashaqekanga | ngingashaqekanga |
| 2nd singular | wāshaqeka | owāshaqeka | wāshaqeka | awushaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | ungashaqekanga |
| 1st plural | sāshaqeka | esāshaqeka | sāshaqeka | asishaqekanga | esingashaqekanga | singashaqekanga |
| 2nd plural | nāshaqeka | enāshaqeka | nāshaqeka | anishaqekanga | eningashaqekanga | ningashaqekanga |
| Class 1 | wāshaqeka | owāshaqeka | āshaqeka | akashaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | engashaqekanga |
| Class 2 | bāshaqeka | abāshaqeka | bāshaqeka | abashaqekanga | abangashaqekanga | bengashaqekanga |
| Class 3 | wāshaqeka | owāshaqeka | wāshaqeka | awushaqekanga | ongashaqekanga | ungashaqekanga |
| Class 4 | yāshaqeka | eyāshaqeka | yāshaqeka | ayishaqekanga | engashaqekanga | ingashaqekanga |
| Class 5 | lāshaqeka | elāshaqeka | lāshaqeka | alishaqekanga | elingashaqekanga | lingashaqekanga |
| Class 6 | āshaqeka | āshaqeka | āshaqeka | awashaqekanga | angashaqekanga | engashaqekanga |
| Class 7 | sāshaqeka | esāshaqeka | sāshaqeka | asishaqekanga | esingashaqekanga | singashaqekanga |
| Class 8 | zāshaqeka | ezāshaqeka | zāshaqeka | azishaqekanga | ezingashaqekanga | zingashaqekanga |
| Class 9 | yāshaqeka | eyāshaqeka | yāshaqeka | ayishaqekanga | engashaqekanga | ingashaqekanga |
| Class 10 | zāshaqeka | ezāshaqeka | zāshaqeka | azishaqekanga | ezingashaqekanga | zingashaqekanga |
| Class 11 | lwāshaqeka | olwāshaqeka | lwāshaqeka | alushaqekanga | olungashaqekanga | lungashaqekanga |
| Class 14 | bāshaqeka | obāshaqeka | bāshaqeka | abushaqekanga | obungashaqekanga | bungashaqekanga |
| Class 15 | kwāshaqeka | okwāshaqeka | kwāshaqeka | akushaqekanga | okungashaqekanga | kungashaqekanga |
| Class 17 | kwāshaqeka | okwāshaqeka | kwāshaqeka | akushaqekanga | okungashaqekanga | kungashaqekanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingashaqeka | — | ngingashaqeka | ngingeshaqeke | — | ngingeshaqeke |
| 2nd singular | ungashaqeka | — | ungashaqeka | ungeshaqeke | — | ungeshaqeke |
| 1st plural | singashaqeka | — | singashaqeka | singeshaqeke | — | singeshaqeke |
| 2nd plural | ningashaqeka | — | ningashaqeka | ningeshaqeke | — | ningeshaqeke |
| Class 1 | angashaqeka | — | engashaqeka | angeshaqeke | — | engeshaqeke |
| Class 2 | bangashaqeka | — | bengashaqeka | bangeshaqeke | — | bengeshaqeke |
| Class 3 | ungashaqeka | — | ungashaqeka | ungeshaqeke | — | ungeshaqeke |
| Class 4 | ingashaqeka | — | ingashaqeka | ingeshaqeke | — | ingeshaqeke |
| Class 5 | lingashaqeka | — | lingashaqeka | lingeshaqeke | — | lingeshaqeke |
| Class 6 | angashaqeka | — | engashaqeka | angeshaqeke | — | engeshaqeke |
| Class 7 | singashaqeka | — | singashaqeka | singeshaqeke | — | singeshaqeke |
| Class 8 | zingashaqeka | — | zingashaqeka | zingeshaqeke | — | zingeshaqeke |
| Class 9 | ingashaqeka | — | ingashaqeka | ingeshaqeke | — | ingeshaqeke |
| Class 10 | zingashaqeka | — | zingashaqeka | zingeshaqeke | — | zingeshaqeke |
| Class 11 | lungashaqeka | — | lungashaqeka | lungeshaqeke | — | lungeshaqeke |
| Class 14 | bungashaqeka | — | bungashaqeka | bungeshaqeke | — | bungeshaqeke |
| Class 15 | kungashaqeka | — | kungashaqeka | kungeshaqeke | — | kungeshaqeke |
| Class 17 | kungashaqeka | — | kungashaqeka | kungeshaqeke | — | kungeshaqeke |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoshaqeka | engizoshaqeka | ngizoshaqeka | angizushaqeka | engingezushaqeka | ngingezushaqeka |
| 2nd singular | uzoshaqeka | ozoshaqeka | uzoshaqeka | awuzushaqeka | ongezushaqeka | ungezushaqeka |
| 1st plural | sizoshaqeka | esizoshaqeka | sizoshaqeka | asizushaqeka | esingezushaqeka | singezushaqeka |
| 2nd plural | nizoshaqeka | enizoshaqeka | nizoshaqeka | anizushaqeka | eningezushaqeka | ningezushaqeka |
| Class 1 | uzoshaqeka | ozoshaqeka | ezoshaqeka | akazushaqeka | ongezushaqeka | engezushaqeka |
| Class 2 | bazoshaqeka | abazoshaqeka | bezoshaqeka | abazushaqeka | abangezushaqeka | bengezushaqeka |
| Class 3 | uzoshaqeka | ozoshaqeka | uzoshaqeka | awuzushaqeka | ongezushaqeka | ungezushaqeka |
| Class 4 | izoshaqeka | ezoshaqeka | izoshaqeka | ayizushaqeka | engezushaqeka | ingezushaqeka |
| Class 5 | lizoshaqeka | elizoshaqeka | lizoshaqeka | alizushaqeka | elingezushaqeka | lingezushaqeka |
| Class 6 | azoshaqeka | azoshaqeka | ezoshaqeka | awazushaqeka | angezushaqeka | engezushaqeka |
| Class 7 | sizoshaqeka | esizoshaqeka | sizoshaqeka | asizushaqeka | esingezushaqeka | singezushaqeka |
| Class 8 | zizoshaqeka | ezizoshaqeka | zizoshaqeka | azizushaqeka | ezingezushaqeka | zingezushaqeka |
| Class 9 | izoshaqeka | ezoshaqeka | izoshaqeka | ayizushaqeka | engezushaqeka | ingezushaqeka |
| Class 10 | zizoshaqeka | ezizoshaqeka | zizoshaqeka | azizushaqeka | ezingezushaqeka | zingezushaqeka |
| Class 11 | luzoshaqeka | oluzoshaqeka | luzoshaqeka | aluzushaqeka | olungezushaqeka | lungezushaqeka |
| Class 14 | buzoshaqeka | obuzoshaqeka | buzoshaqeka | abuzushaqeka | obungezushaqeka | bungezushaqeka |
| Class 15 | kuzoshaqeka | okuzoshaqeka | kuzoshaqeka | akuzushaqeka | okungezushaqeka | kungezushaqeka |
| Class 17 | kuzoshaqeka | okuzoshaqeka | kuzoshaqeka | akuzushaqeka | okungezushaqeka | kungezushaqeka |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoshaqeka | engiyoshaqeka | ngiyoshaqeka | angiyushaqeka | engingeyushaqeka | ngingeyushaqeka |
| 2nd singular | uyoshaqeka | oyoshaqeka | uyoshaqeka | awuyushaqeka | ongeyushaqeka | ungeyushaqeka |
| 1st plural | siyoshaqeka | esiyoshaqeka | siyoshaqeka | asiyushaqeka | esingeyushaqeka | singeyushaqeka |
| 2nd plural | niyoshaqeka | eniyoshaqeka | niyoshaqeka | aniyushaqeka | eningeyushaqeka | ningeyushaqeka |
| Class 1 | uyoshaqeka | oyoshaqeka | eyoshaqeka | akayushaqeka | ongeyushaqeka | engeyushaqeka |
| Class 2 | bayoshaqeka | abayoshaqeka | beyoshaqeka | abayushaqeka | abangeyushaqeka | bengeyushaqeka |
| Class 3 | uyoshaqeka | oyoshaqeka | uyoshaqeka | awuyushaqeka | ongeyushaqeka | ungeyushaqeka |
| Class 4 | iyoshaqeka | eyoshaqeka | iyoshaqeka | ayiyushaqeka | engeyushaqeka | ingeyushaqeka |
| Class 5 | liyoshaqeka | eliyoshaqeka | liyoshaqeka | aliyushaqeka | elingeyushaqeka | lingeyushaqeka |
| Class 6 | ayoshaqeka | ayoshaqeka | eyoshaqeka | awayushaqeka | angeyushaqeka | engeyushaqeka |
| Class 7 | siyoshaqeka | esiyoshaqeka | siyoshaqeka | asiyushaqeka | esingeyushaqeka | singeyushaqeka |
| Class 8 | ziyoshaqeka | eziyoshaqeka | ziyoshaqeka | aziyushaqeka | ezingeyushaqeka | zingeyushaqeka |
| Class 9 | iyoshaqeka | eyoshaqeka | iyoshaqeka | ayiyushaqeka | engeyushaqeka | ingeyushaqeka |
| Class 10 | ziyoshaqeka | eziyoshaqeka | ziyoshaqeka | aziyushaqeka | ezingeyushaqeka | zingeyushaqeka |
| Class 11 | luyoshaqeka | oluyoshaqeka | luyoshaqeka | aluyushaqeka | olungeyushaqeka | lungeyushaqeka |
| Class 14 | buyoshaqeka | obuyoshaqeka | buyoshaqeka | abuyushaqeka | obungeyushaqeka | bungeyushaqeka |
| Class 15 | kuyoshaqeka | okuyoshaqeka | kuyoshaqeka | akuyushaqeka | okungeyushaqeka | kungeyushaqeka |
| Class 17 | kuyoshaqeka | okuyoshaqeka | kuyoshaqeka | akuyushaqeka | okungeyushaqeka | kungeyushaqeka |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngishaqeke | ngingashaqeki |
| 2nd singular | ushaqeke | ungashaqeki |
| 1st plural | sishaqeke | singashaqeki |
| 2nd plural | nishaqeke | ningashaqeki |
| Class 1 | ashaqeke | angashaqeki |
| Class 2 | bashaqeke | bangashaqeki |
| Class 3 | ushaqeke | ungashaqeki |
| Class 4 | ishaqeke | ingashaqeki |
| Class 5 | lishaqeke | lingashaqeki |
| Class 6 | ashaqeke | angashaqeki |
| Class 7 | sishaqeke | singashaqeki |
| Class 8 | zishaqeke | zingashaqeki |
| Class 9 | ishaqeke | ingashaqeki |
| Class 10 | zishaqeke | zingashaqeki |
| Class 11 | lushaqeke | lungashaqeki |
| Class 14 | bushaqeke | bungashaqeki |
| Class 15 | kushaqeke | kungashaqeki |
| Class 17 | kushaqeke | kungashaqeki |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngashaqeka | ngangashaqeka, angashaqeka, angangashaqeka |
| 2nd singular | washaqeka | wangashaqeka, awashaqeka, awangashaqeka |
| 1st plural | sashaqeka | sangashaqeka, asashaqeka, asangashaqeka |
| 2nd plural | nashaqeka | nangashaqeka, anashaqeka, anangashaqeka |
| Class 1 | washaqeka | wangashaqeka, akashaqeka, akangashaqeka |
| Class 2 | bashaqeka | bangashaqeka, abashaqeka, abangashaqeka |
| Class 3 | washaqeka | wangashaqeka, awashaqeka, awangashaqeka |
| Class 4 | yashaqeka | yangashaqeka, ayashaqeka, ayangashaqeka |
| Class 5 | lashaqeka | langashaqeka, alashaqeka, alangashaqeka |
| Class 6 | ashaqeka | angashaqeka, awashaqeka, awangashaqeka |
| Class 7 | sashaqeka | sangashaqeka, asashaqeka, asangashaqeka |
| Class 8 | zashaqeka | zangashaqeka, azashaqeka, azangashaqeka |
| Class 9 | yashaqeka | yangashaqeka, ayashaqeka, ayangashaqeka |
| Class 10 | zashaqeka | zangashaqeka, azashaqeka, azangashaqeka |
| Class 11 | lwashaqeka | lwangashaqeka, alwashaqeka, alwangashaqeka |
| Class 14 | bashaqeka | bangashaqeka, abashaqeka, abangashaqeka |
| Class 15 | kwashaqeka | kwangashaqeka, akwashaqeka, akwangashaqeka |
| Class 17 | kwashaqeka | kwangashaqeka, akwashaqeka, akwangashaqeka |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “shaqeka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “shaqeka (3.2.9)”