OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐌿𐍃- (us-) +‎ 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (qistjan).

### Verb

𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (usqistjan)
* to destroy utterly

#### Conjugation

Class 1 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 usqistjan | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 usqistjan | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 usqistjan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰 usqistja | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 usqistida | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 usqistjada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 usqisteis | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 usqistidēs | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 usqistjaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 usqisteiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 usqistida | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 usqistjada |
| 1st dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 usqistjōs | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 usqistidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 usqistjats | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 usqistidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌼 usqistjam | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 usqistidēdum | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 usqistjanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 usqisteiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 usqistidēduþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 usqistjanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 usqistjand | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 usqistidēdun | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 usqistjanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 usqistjau | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 usqistidēdjau | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 usqistjais | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 usqistidēdeis | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 usqistjaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹 usqistjai | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 usqistidēdi | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 usqistjaiwa | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 usqistidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 usqistjaits | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 usqistidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 usqistjaima | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 usqistidēdeima | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 usqistjaiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 usqistidēdeiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 usqistjaina | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 usqistidēdeina | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹 usqistei | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 usqistjats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 usqisteiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 usqistjandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 usqistjands | 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌸𐍃 usqistiþs | |
# 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐌿𐍃- (us-) +‎ 𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (hāhan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /usˈhaːhan/

### Verb

𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 • (ushāhan)
* (reflexive) to hang oneself

#### Conjugation

Class 7 strong :
| Infinitive | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 ushāhan | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 ushāhan | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 ushāhan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰 ushāha | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷 ushaihāh | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌳𐌰 ushāhada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹𐍃 ushāhis | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐍄 ushaihāht | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌶𐌰 ushāhaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌸 ushāhiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷 ushaihāh | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌳𐌰 ushāhada |
| 1st dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐍉𐍃 ushāhōs | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌿 ushaihāhu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍄𐍃 ushāhats | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌿𐍄𐍃 ushaihāhuts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 ushāham | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌼 ushaihāhum | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ushāhanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌸 ushāhiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌸 ushaihāhuþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ushāhanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳 ushāhand | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽 ushaihāhun | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 ushāhanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿 ushāhau | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌿 ushaihāhjau | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍃 ushāhais | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃 ushaihāheis | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 ushāhaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹 ushāhai | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹 ushaihāhi | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 ushāhaiwa | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 ushaihāheiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 ushāhaits | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 ushaihāheits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 ushāhaima | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 ushaihāheima | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌸 ushāhaiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌸 ushaihāheiþ | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 ushāhaina | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 ushaihāheina | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷 ushāh | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍄𐍃 ushāhats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌸 ushāhiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 ushāhandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 ushāhands | 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃 ushāhans | |
# 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 (witōþ, “law”) +‎ 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 (laus, “devoid of”).

### Adjective

𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 • (witōdalaus)
* lawless

#### Declension

A-stem :
| Strong (indefinite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 witōdalaus | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 witōdalausa | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃, 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌰 witōdalaus, witōdalausata |
| Accusative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌰 witōdalausana | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 witōdalausa | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃, 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌰 witōdalaus, witōdalausata |
| Genitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐍃 witōdalausis | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 witōdalausaizōs | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐍃 witōdalausis |
| Dative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 witōdalausamma | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹 witōdalausai | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 witōdalausamma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹 witōdalausai | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐍃 witōdalausōs | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 witōdalausa |
| Accusative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃 witōdalausans | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐍃 witōdalausōs | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 witōdalausa |
| Genitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 witōdalausaizē | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 witōdalausaizō | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 witōdalausaizē |
| Dative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌼 witōdalausaim | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌼 witōdalausaim | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌼 witōdalausaim |
| Weak (definite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 witōdalausa | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 witōdalausō | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 witōdalausō |
| Accusative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 witōdalausan | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽 witōdalausōn | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉 witōdalausō |
| Genitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌽𐍃 witōdalausins | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐍃 witōdalausōns | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌽𐍃 witōdalausins |
| Dative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌽 witōdalausin | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽 witōdalausōn | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌽 witōdalausin |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃 witōdalausans | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐍃 witōdalausōns | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐌰 witōdalausōna |
| Accusative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃 witōdalausans | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐍃 witōdalausōns | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐌰 witōdalausōna |
| Genitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌴 witōdalausanē | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌽𐍉 witōdalausōnō | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌴 witōdalausanē |
| Dative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼 witōdalausam | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍉𐌼 witōdalausōm | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼 witōdalausam |
# 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 (witōþ, “law”) +‎ *𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 (*fasteis, “expert”), the latter element related to 𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (fastan) (possibly via an unattested *𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*fasts, “firm, secure”), from *fastaz, *fastuz) with the agent noun–forming suffix -𐌴𐌹𐍃 (-eis).

### Noun

𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 • (witōdafasteis) m
* lawyer, law scholar, legist

#### Declension

Masculine ja-stem :
| | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 witōdafasteis | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 witōdafastjōs |
| Vocative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹 witōdafasti | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 witōdafastjōs |
| Accusative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹 witōdafasti | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 witōdafastjans |
| Genitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 witōdafasteis | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌴 witōdafastjē |
| Dative | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰 witōdafastja | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌼 witōdafastjam |
# дэфущүә
## Dungan
### Etymology

Cognate to Mandarin 代數學／代数学 (dàishùxué).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛ⁴⁴ fou⁵¹ ɕyə²⁴/

### Noun

дэфущүә • (defuxüə) (III-II-I)
* (mathematics) algebra
    Synonym: алгебра (algi͡əbra)
# threschwolde
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* threscholde, thresscholde, threschwold, thresschefolde, þroschfolde, þresshewold, thresshold, þresshewolde, thryssheholde, þres-uold, threschwalde, thresschewold, þreschwald, threshwold, þrexwolde, þresfold, throschfold, throsfold, þresshald, threswald

### Etymology

From Old English þresċold, þerxold, þrexwold, from Proto-Germanic *þreskwaþluz; the first element is akin to threschen, but the second is of disputed origin, and was identified with several different words in Middle English.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθrɛʃwɔːld/, /ˈθrɛʃfɔːld/, /ˈθrɛʃɔːld/

### Noun

threschwolde (plural þreschwaldis)
* A door-sill; the bottom board of a door.
* An entryway; the part of a structure where one enters.
* (rare) The top board of a door.

#### Descendants

* English: threshold
* Scots: thrashel

#### References

* “thresh-wōld(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-10-09.
# threschwalde
## Middle English
### Noun

threschwalde
* Alternative form of threschwolde
# threschwold
## Middle English
### Noun

threschwold
* Alternative form of threschwolde
# драниках
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdranʲɪkəx]

### Noun

дра́никах • (dránikax) m inan pl
* prepositional plural of дра́ник (dránik)
# 𑀦𑀸𑀝𑀷𑁆
## Old Tamil
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *nāṭu.

### Noun

𑀦𑀸𑀝𑀷𑁆 (nāṭaṉ)
* land, region, country

#### Descendants

* Tamil: நாடு (nāṭu)
* Malayalam: നാട് (nāṭŭ)
# cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome
## English
### Etymology

First described in 2004.

### Noun

cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (uncountable)
* (medicine, pathology) A syndrome sometimes resulting from cannabis use, characterized by recurrent nausea, hyperemesis, and abdominal pain.
    Synonym: CHS
** 2019, Catherine C. Crone, Jeanne M. Lackamp, Andrew R. Alkis, 19: Gastrointestinal Disorders, James L. Levenson (editor), Textbook of Psychosomatic Medicine and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, 3rd Edition, American Psychiatric Association Publishing, page 535,
    Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is sometimes mistaken for idiopathic cyclic vomiting syndrome, delaying appropriate treatment.
** 2019, Mari J. Wirfs, The APRN and PA's Complete Guide to Prescribing Drug Therapy 2020, Springer, page 73:Comment: cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is indicated by recurrent episodes of refractory nausea and vomiting with vague diffuse abdominal pain (accompanied by compulsive, frequent, hot baths or showers for relief of abdominal pain; these behaviors are thought to be learned through their cyclical periods of emesis) in the context of chronic cannabis use (at least weekly for >2 years).
** 2023, Ivan A. Ross, Plant-Based Therapeutics, Volume 1: Cannabis sativa, Springer Publishing, page 343,
    Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome can be challenging to differentiate from hyperemesis gravidarum.

### See also

* scromiting (informal, a characteristic symptom)
# 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉
## Gothic
### Verb

𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉 • (skalkinō)
* inflection of 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (skalkinōn):
** first-person singular present active indicative
** first/third-person singular present active subjunctive
** second-person singular present active imperative
# 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼
## Gothic
### Verb

𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 • (skalkinōdēdum)
* first-person plural past active indicative of 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (skalkinōn)
# 𑀲𑀳𑀲
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Numeral

𑀲𑀳𑀲 (sahasa)
* Alternative form of 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (sahasra)

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Dhauli and Jaugada.
Dialectal forms of 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (“thousand”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas |
| Central | Kalsi | 𑀱𑀳𑀱 (ṣahaṣa) |
| East | Dhauli | 𑀲𑀳𑀲 (sahasa) |
| East | Jaugada | 𑀲𑀳𑀲 (sahasa) |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨯𐨱𐨯𐨿𐨪 (sahasra) |
| Northwest | Mansehra | 𐨯𐨱𐨯𐨿𐨪 (sahasra) |
| West | Girnar | 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (sahasra) |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (“thousand”) :
* 𐨯𐨱𐨯𐨿𐨪 (sahasra) (2) 𑀲𑀳𑀲 (sahasa) (2) 𑀱𑀳𑀱 (ṣahaṣa) (1) 𑀲𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀭 (sahasra) (1)
# thuggette
## English
### Noun

thuggette (plural thuggettes)
* Alternative form of thugette
# животноводством
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʐɨvətnɐˈvot͡stvəm]

### Noun

животново́дством • (životnovódstvom) n inan
* instrumental singular of животново́дство (životnovódstvo)
# дүнүйө
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Doublet of дүйнө (düynö).

### Noun

дүнүйө • (dünüyö) (Arabic spelling دۉنۉيۅ)
* property, wealth, valuable items in one's possession
* alternative form of дүйнө (düynö, “world”)
# thermochemolysis
## English
### Etymology

From thermo- +‎ chemolysis.

### Noun

thermochemolysis (uncountable)
* A form of chemolysis that also involves the use of heat, or pyrolysis.
# жалила
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʐalʲɪɫə]

### Verb

жа́лила • (žálila)
* feminine singular past indicative imperfective of жа́лить (žálitʹ)
# caora Bharbarach
## Irish
### Noun

caora Bharbarach f (genitive singular caorach Barbaraí, nominative plural caorigh Bharabaracha)
* Barbary sheep
# caora mhóradharcach Mheicsiceach
## Irish
### Noun

caora mhóradharcach Mheicsiceach f (genitive singular caorach móradharcaí Meicsicí, nominative plural caoirigh mhóradharcacha Mheicsiceacha)
* Mexican bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana)
# дрънча
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Of onomatopoeic origin, from дрън (drǎn, “clatter”) +‎ -ча (-ča).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [drɐnˈt͡ʃa̟]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

дрънча́ • (drǎnčá) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective дръ́нна)
* (intransitive) to jingle, to tinkle, to rattle

#### Conjugation

$^1$Largely fallen into disuse.

#### Related terms

* дръ́нкам (drǎ́nkam, “to drone rapidly”)
* дръ́ндар (drǎ́ndar, “tapping musical instrument”)

### References

* “дрънча”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “дрънча”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
# дръча
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Resultant noun from Bulgarian дърцам (dǎrcam, “to pluck”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdrɤt͡ʃɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

дръ́ча • (drǎ́ča) f
* growling
* (dialectal) famine, hunger

#### Declension
### References

* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дръча (дрча)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 439
# 𑘓𑘼𑘎
## Old Marathi
### Etymology

From Maharastri Prakrit 𑀘𑀉𑀓𑁆𑀓 (caükka), from Sanskrit 𑘓𑘝𑘳𑘬𑘿𑘎 (catuṣka).

### Noun

𑘓𑘼𑘎 (cauka) (Devanagari चौक)
* square

#### Descendants

* Marathi: चौक (ċauk)

### References

* Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “चौक”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “catuṣka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# 𐰎

| 𐰎 | U+10C0E, &#68622; OLD TURKIC LETTER YENISEI AG |
| ← 𐰍 [U+10C0D] | Old Turkic | 𐰏 → [U+10C0F] |

## Old Turkic
### Letter

𐰎 (ǧ)
* (Yenisei Kyrgyz) A letter of the Old Turkic runic script, representing /ɣ/, used with back vowels.
# 𐰏𐰇
## Old Turkic
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-egü.

### Suffix

𐰏𐰇 (-egü)
* Forms the collective of numerals
    ‎𐰇𐰲 (üč, “three”) + ‎𐰏𐰇 (gü) → ‎𐰇𐰲𐰏𐰇 (üčegü, “a group of three”)

#### Derived terms

* 𐰏𐰇𐰤 (-egün)

#### Related terms

* 𐰨 (-inč, “suffix forming the ordinal of numerals”)

### References

* Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 148
* Erdal, Marcel (2004) “+(A)gU”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 225
# 𐰏𐰼𐰃
## Old Turkic
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *egri (“crooked, bent”) from *egir- (“to spin”), equivalent to 𐰏𐰼 (egir-, “to turn”) +‎ 𐰃 (-i). Cognate with Turkish eğri.

### Adjective

𐰏𐰼𐰃 (egri)
* crooked, bent
** 8th century CE, Tonyukuk Inscription, IIS3-4:𐰆𐰞:𐰘𐰼𐱅𐰀:𐰋𐰤:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸:𐱅𐰏𐰇𐰼𐱅𐰜:𐰇𐰲𐰤:𐰽𐰺𐰍:𐰞𐱃𐰆𐰣:𐰇𐰼𐰭:𐰜𐰇𐰢𐰾:𐰶𐰃𐰔:𐰸𐰆𐰑𐰔:𐰏𐰼𐰃:𐱅𐰋𐰃:𐰍𐰃:𐰉𐰆𐰭𐰾𐰔:𐰚𐰠𐰇𐰼𐱅𐰃ol:yérte:ben:bilge:tońuquq:tegürtük:üčün:sarïɣ:altun:ürüŋ:kümüš:qïz:qoduz:egri:tebe:aɣï:buŋsuz:kelürtiNow, since I, wise Tonyukuk, cause (the Turkic armies) to reach as far as those lands, they brought (home) the yellow gold and the white silver; girls and women; crooked camels and treasures in abundance.

### References

* Tekin, Talât (1968) “ägri”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 325
* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “egri: teve:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 115
# canturriarais
## Spanish
### Verb

canturriarais
* second-person plural imperfect subjunctive of canturriar
# canturriando
## Spanish
### Verb

canturriando
* gerund of canturriar
# 𒀜𒋾
## Akkadian
### Pronoun

𒀜𒋾 • (at-ti)
* Cuneiform spelling of atti
# 𗄹

| 𗄹 | U+17139, &#94521; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17139 |
| ← 𗄸 [U+17138] | Tangut | 𗄺 → [U+1713A] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *pjij¹
* (Miyake 2019): *¹pe₄
* (Kychanov 2006): *pɪn¹
* (Sofronov 1968): *pɪn¹

### Definitions

𗄹 (radical 𘠐+6, 8 strokes, composition ⿲𘠐𘢌𘠌)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), B edition, 12th c., folio 05B, column 4, character 4
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 1947
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 0212-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 1429
# thymiamateriis
## Latin
### Noun

thȳmiāmatēriīs
* dative/ablative plural of thȳmiāmatērium
# жилетов
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʐɨˈlʲetəf]

### Noun

жиле́тов • (žilétov) m inan pl
* genitive plural of жиле́т (žilét)
# жилеткою
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʐɨˈlʲetkəjʊ]

### Noun

жиле́ткою • (žilétkoju) f inan
* instrumental singular of жиле́тка (žilétka)
# tibicini
## Latin
### Noun

tībīcinī
* dative singular of tībīcen
# canzonatorio
## Italian
### Etymology

From canzonare +‎ -torio.

### Adjective

canzonatorio (feminine canzonatoria, masculine plural canzonatori, feminine plural canzonatorie)
* teasing, mocking

#### Derived terms

* canzonatoriamente

### Further reading

* canzonatorio in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
# дёрни
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdʲɵrnʲɪ]

### Verb

дёрни • (djórni)
* second-person singular imperative perfective of дёрнуть (djórnutʹ)
# thời cục
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 時局.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tʰəːj˨˩ kʊwk͡p̚˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [tʰəːj˦˩ kʊwk͡p̚˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tʰəːj˨˩ kʊwk͡p̚˨˩˨]

### Noun

thời cục
* the current political situation
    Synonym: thời cuộc
# thời khoá biểu
## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* thời khóa biểu

### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 時 (“time; hour”) and 課表 (“school timetable”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tʰəːj˨˩ xwaː˧˦ ʔɓiəw˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [tʰəːj˦˩ kʰwaː˨˩˦ ʔɓiw˧˨] ~ [tʰəːj˦˩ xwaː˨˩˦ ʔɓiw˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tʰəːj˨˩ kʰwaː˦˥ ʔɓiw˨˩˦] ~ [tʰəːj˨˩ xwaː˦˥ ʔɓiw˨˩˦]

### Noun

thời khoá biểu
* (education, for scheduling students' classes) a timetable

### See also

* thời gian biểu
# camionnetje
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

camionnetje n (plural camionnetjes)
* diminutive of camion
# cantardes
## Galician
### Verb

cantardes
* inflection of cantar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive

## Portuguese
### Verb

cantardes
* inflection of cantar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive
# thủ dâm tinh thần
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

thủ dâm (“to masturbate”) +‎ tinh thần (“mind, mentality”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tʰu˧˩ zəm˧˧ tïŋ˧˧ tʰən˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [tʰʊw˧˨ jəm˧˧ tɨn˧˧ tʰəŋ˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tʰʊw˨˩˦ jəm˧˧ tɨn˧˧ tʰəŋ˨˩]

### Verb

thủ dâm tinh thần
* (humorous, derogatory) to delude oneself
# 𐰚𐰃𐰓𐰃𐰔
## Old Turkic
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kidiŕ (“felt”). Cognate with Turkish kiyiz (“felt”), Uzbek kigiz, Bashkir кейеҙ (keyeź, “felt”), Tuvan кидис (kidis).

### Noun

𐰚𐰃𐰓𐰃𐰔 (kidiz)
* felt
** 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 33
    𐰚𐰃𐰓𐰃𐰔𐰃𐰏:𐰽𐰆𐰉𐰴𐰀:𐰽𐰆𐰸𐰢𐰃𐰾kidizig:subqa:sokmïšHe/she/it put the felt into water.

### References

* Tekin, Talât (1993) “kidiz”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 58
* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kiḏiz”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 707
* Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kidiŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
# thăng thưởng
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 升 and 賞.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tʰaŋ˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [tʰaŋ˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tʰaŋ˧˧ tʰɨəŋ˨˩˦]

### Verb

thăng thưởng
* to get a job promotion; to be promoted (at work, etc.)
# thąhą́
## Dakota
### Noun

thąhą́
* brother-in-law (man speaking)
# 𒀭𒄑𒉋𒂵𒎌
## Sumerian

Signs in this term :
| 𒀭 | 𒄑 | 𒉋 | 𒂵 | 𒎌 |
* Alternative forms of /Gilgameš/
* 𒀭𒄑𒉈𒂵𒈩 ($^d$gilgameš₃)
* 𒀭𒄑𒉋𒂵𒈩 ($^d$gilgameš₄)
* 𒀭𒄑𒂆𒈦 ($^d$gilgameš)

### Etymology

From 𒄑𒉋𒂵 ($^{g̃eš}$bil₂-ga /⁠bilga⁠/, “ancestor”) +‎ 𒎌 (meš /⁠mes⁠/, “hero”), literally “the ancestral hero”, with determinative for divine beings 𒀭 ($^d$).

### Proper noun

𒀭𒄑𒉋𒂵𒎌 • ($^d$gilgameš₂ /Gilgameš/)
* Gilgamesh

#### Descendants

* → Akkadian: 𒀭𒄑𒂆𒈦 (Gilgameš)
** English: Gilgamesh
** → Ancient Greek: Γίλγαμος (Gílgamos)

### References

* “𒀭𒄑𒉋𒂵𒎌 (Gilgameš)” in ePSD2
# 𒀭𒅆𒄿𒌑𒄿𒉌
## Urartian
### Alternative forms

* 𒀭𒌓 ($^d$UTU /⁠Šiuini⁠/) (heterogram)

### Etymology

Possibly a Hittite borrowing: compare Hittite 𒅆𒄿𒌑𒍑 (ši-i-u$_2$-uš /⁠šīūš⁠/, “god”), dative-locative singular 𒅆𒌑𒉌 (ši-u$_2$-ni /⁠šiuni⁠/). Alternatively, connected with Hurrian 𒀭𒅆𒈪𒄀 ($^d$ši-mi-gi /⁠Šimigi⁠/, “the Hurrian Sun God”).

### Proper noun

𒀭𒅆𒄿𒌑𒄿𒉌 ($^d$ši-i-u$_2$-i-ni /Šiuini/)
* Shivini (the Urartian Sun God)

### Further reading

* Shivini on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Arutjunjan, N. V. (2001) “$^d$Šiu̯ini”, in M. L. Xačikjan, editor, Корпус урартских клинообразных надписей [Corpus of Urartian Cuneiform Inscriptions]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 490b
* Arutjunjan, N. V. (2001) “$^d$UTU”, in M. L. Xačikjan, editor, Корпус урартских клинообразных надписей [Corpus of Urartian Cuneiform Inscriptions]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 424b
* Badalyan, Miqayel (2019) “Šiuini: The Urartian Sun god”, in Pavel S. Avetisyan, Roberto Dan and Yervand H. Grekyan, editors, Over the Mountains and Far Away: Studies in Near Eastern history and archaeology presented to Mirjo Salvini on the occasion of his 80th birthday‎, Oxford: Archaeopress, pages 46–57
* Diakonoff, I. M. (1971) Karl Sdrembek, transl., Hurrisch und Urartäisch (Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft; 6), Munich: R. Kitzinger, page 81
* Friedrich, Johannes (1940) “Aus verschiedenen Keilschriftsprachen. 1-2”, in Orientalia‎, volume 9, pages 211–218
* Gamkrelidze, Th. V., Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 793
* Ivanov, V. V. (1961) “Iz istorii indojevropejskoj leksiki klinopisnovo xettskovo jazyka [From the History of the Indo-European Lexicon of Cuneiform Hittite]”, in Peredneaziatskij sbornik (in Russian), volume (1), pages 323–324
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2019) “Traces of Indo-European ‘Father Sky, God’ in Armenian”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, pages 195–196, footnote 3
* Petrosyan, Armen (2002) “Urartakan glxavor astvacneri eṙyakə ew petutʻyan išxoġ vernaxavi cagman xndirə (K. F. Leman-Haupti cnndyan 140-amyaki aṙtʻiv) [The Triad of the Principal Gods of Urartu and the Problem of the Origin of the Ruling Elite of the State (to the 140th anniversary of K. F. Lehmann-Haupt's birth)]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), number 2, pages 248–249
* Petrosyan, Armen (2015) Problems of Armenian Prehistory. Myth, Language, History, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 116–125
* Хачикян, М. Л. (1985) Хурритский и урартский языки [The Hurrian and Urartian languages] (Хурриты и урарты; 2) (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 48