# 訕

| 訕 | U+8A15, &#35349; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A15 |
| ← 訔 [U+8A14] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 訖 → [U+8A16] |

## Translingual
### Han character

訕 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口山 (YRU), four-corner 0267$_0$, composition ⿰訁山)
* slander
* mock, ridicule
* embarrassed, awkward

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1148, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35241
* Dae Jaweon: page 1615, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3941, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8A15

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 訕
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 山 | *sreːn |
| 疝 | *sreːn, *sraːns |
| 邖 | *sreːn |
| 汕 | *sreːnʔ, *sraːns |
| 訕 | *sraːn, *sraːns |
| 仙 | *sen |
| 秈 | *sen |
| 苮 | *sen |
| 屾 | *srin |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sraːn, *sraːns) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shàn (shan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saan$^3$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): san$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sáng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): soān / soan
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$se
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shàn
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^4$
*** Yale: shàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shann
*** Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saan$^3$
*** Yale: saan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: san$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: san$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /san⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sáng
*** Sinological IPA : /sɑŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soān
*** Tâi-lô: suān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suan³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /suan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /suan⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
*** Tâi-lô: suan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /suan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sang
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$se
*** MiniDict: se$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$se
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: sraen, sraenH
Rime :
| Character | 訕 | 訕 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (69) | 刪 (69) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 所姦切 | 所晏切 |
| Baxter | sraen | sraenH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠan/ | /ʃˠan$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚan/ | /ʃᵚan$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃɐn/ | /ʃɐn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨn/ | /ʂaɨn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃan/ | /ʃan$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃan/ | /ʃan$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂan/ | /ʂan$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shān | shàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saan$^1$ | saan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sraːn/, /*sraːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 訕 | 訕 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11056 | 11057 |
| Phonetic component | 山 | 山 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 刪 | 訕 |
| Old Chinese | /*sraːn/ | /*sraːns/ |

### Definitions

訕
* to mock; to slander
* embarrassed; ashamed

### Compounds

* 劖言訕語／劖言讪语
* 努目訕筋／努目讪筋
* 嘲訕／嘲讪 (cháoshàn)
* 居下訕上／居下讪上
* 打牙訕口／打牙讪口
* 搭訕／搭讪 (dāshàn)
* 發訕／发讪
* 訕不搭的／讪不搭的
* 訕嘴／讪嘴
* 訕笑／讪笑 (shànxiào)
* 訕臉／讪脸
* 訕訕／讪讪 (shànshàn)
* 訕語／讪语
* 訕謗／讪谤
* 訕議／讪议 (shànyì)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* abuse
* slander
* vilify
* ridicule

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、せん (sen)
* Kun: そしる (soshiru)

## Korean
### Hanja

訕 • (san) (hangeul 산, revised san, McCune–Reischauer san, Yale san)
* abuse
* slander
* vilify
* ridicule