# 涔

| 涔 | U+6D94, &#28052; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D94 |
| ← 涓 [U+6D93] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 涕 → [U+6D95] |

## Translingual
### Han character

涔 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水山人弓 (EUON), four-corner 3212$_7$, composition ⿰氵岑)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 627, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17542
* Dae Jaweon: page 1029, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1625, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6D94

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cén (cen$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sam$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhâm
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cén
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cén
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻên$^2$
*** Yale: tsén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsern
*** Palladius: цэнь (cɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^4$
*** Yale: sàhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâm
*** Tâi-lô: tshâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhaam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam²³/
* Middle Chinese: dzrim
Rime :
| Character | 涔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 鋤針切 |
| Baxter | dzrim |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐjim/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒjəm/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sɡrɯm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 涔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6596 |
| Phonetic component | 今 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 岑 |
| Old Chinese | /*sɡrɯm/ |

### Definitions

涔
* (literary) rainy; to accumulate water because of heavy rain
* (literary) tearful
* (literary, of the sky) gloomy
* (obsolete) puddle

#### Compounds

* 大汗涔涔
* 汗涔涔
* 涔旱
* 涔涔 (céncén)
* 涔蹄
* 淚涔涔／泪涔涔

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、ざん (zan)、しん (shin)
* Kun: ひたす (hitasu)

## Korean
### Hanja

涔 (eum 잠 (jam))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

涔: Hán Nôm readings: sầm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation