# 鈁

| 鈁 | U+9201, &#37377; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9201 |
| ← 鈀 [U+9200] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鈂 → [U+9202] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鈁 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 金卜竹尸 (CYHS), four-corner 8012$_7$, composition ⿰釒方)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1297, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40205
* Dae Jaweon: page 1800, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4180, character 1
* Unihan data for U+9201

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 縍 | *paːŋ |
| 榜 | *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 蒡 | *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ |
| 牓 | *paːŋʔ |
| 螃 | *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ |
| 搒 | *paːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 舫 | *paːŋs, *paŋs |
| 謗 | *paːŋs |
| 雱 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 磅 | *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ |
| 霶 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 滂 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 鎊 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 髈 | *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ |
| 彷 | *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ |
| 趽 | *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs |
| 房 | *baːŋ, *baŋ |
| 篣 | *baːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 騯 | *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 傍 | *baːŋ, *baːŋs |
| 膀 | *baːŋ |
| 旁 | *baːŋ |
| 徬 | *baːŋs |
| 閍 | *praːŋ |
| 祊 | *praːŋ |
| 嗙 | *praːŋ |
| 方 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 汸 | *paŋ |
| 坊 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 邡 | *paŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 枋 | *paŋ |
| 鈁 | *paŋ |
| 蚄 | *paŋ |
| 肪 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 鴋 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 牥 | *paŋ |
| 昉 | *paŋʔ |
| 瓬 | *paŋʔ |
| 放 | *paŋʔ, *paŋs |
| 倣 | *paŋʔ |
| 芳 | *pʰaŋ |
| 淓 | *pʰaŋ |
| 妨 | *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 紡 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 仿 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 髣 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 鶭 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 訪 | *pʰaŋs |
| 防 | *baŋ, *baŋs |
| 魴 | *baŋ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fāng (fang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fang
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^1$
*** Yale: fāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang
*** Palladius: фан (fan)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: pjang
Rime :
| Character | 鈁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 府良切 |
| Baxter | pjang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʉɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʷiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /piuaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭwaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /piwaŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*paŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鈁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3028 |
| Phonetic component | 方 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 方 |
| Old Chinese | /*paŋ/ |

#### Definitions

鈁
* (historical) a type of ancient Chinese household pot, with a square cross-section
* (obsolete) cooking pot

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fāng (fang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$faon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fang
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^1$
*** Yale: fāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang
*** Palladius: фан (fan)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^1$
*** Yale: fōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$faon
*** MiniDict: faon$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$faan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fɑ̃⁵³/

#### Definitions

鈁
* (Mainland China, Hong Kong, chemistry) francium
    Synonym: 鍅 (fǎ) (Taiwan)

### Etymology 3

Perhaps from Indonesian kupang or Malay wang.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fāng (fang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoáng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fang
*** Wade–Giles: fang$^1$
*** Yale: fāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang
*** Palladius: фан (fan)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoáng
*** Tâi-lô: huáng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoarng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /huaŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huaŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huaŋ⁵³/

#### Definitions

鈁
* (Indonesia, historical) 1/10 of a guilder (Dutch currency)
** 1941, 林耀真 / Lim Jauw Tjin, 國語羅馬字初步 / ABC Romanisatie Tionghoa Baroe, page unknown (copyright page):
    定價七鈁半／定价七钫半 ― dìngjià qī fāng bàn ― 0.75 guilders

### References

* ↑ Claudine Salmon (2009) “Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges”, in Archipel‎

### Further reading

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “鈁”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* William Campbell (1913) “hoáng (鈁 Hong)”, in A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 208.
* Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “hoáng”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 145; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 145

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kan-on: ほう (hō)
* Kun: さかつぼ (sakatsubo)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鈁: Hán Nôm readings: phảng, phương