# phefumula
## Zulu
### Etymology

Derived from the ideophone phefu.

### Verb

-phefumula
* (intransitive) to breathe

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuphefumula |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuphefumula | ukungaphefumuli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | phefumula | -phefumule |
| Plural | phefumulani | -phefumuleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphefumula, ngiphefumula | engiphefumulayo, engiphefumula | ngiphefumula | angiphefumuli | engingaphefumuli | ngingaphefumuli |
| 2nd singular | uyaphefumula, uphefumula | ophefumulayo, ophefumula | uphefumula | awuphefumuli | ongaphefumuli | ungaphefumuli |
| 1st plural | siyaphefumula, siphefumula | esiphefumulayo, esiphefumula | siphefumula | asiphefumuli | esingaphefumuli | singaphefumuli |
| 2nd plural | niyaphefumula, niphefumula | eniphefumulayo, eniphefumula | niphefumula | aniphefumuli | eningaphefumuli | ningaphefumuli |
| Class 1 | uyaphefumula, uphefumula | ophefumulayo, ophefumula | ephefumula | akaphefumuli | ongaphefumuli | engaphefumuli |
| Class 2 | bayaphefumula, baphefumula | abaphefumulayo, abaphefumula | bephefumula | abaphefumuli | abangaphefumuli | bengaphefumuli |
| Class 3 | uyaphefumula, uphefumula | ophefumulayo, ophefumula | uphefumula | awuphefumuli | ongaphefumuli | ungaphefumuli |
| Class 4 | iyaphefumula, iphefumula | ephefumulayo, ephefumula | iphefumula | ayiphefumuli | engaphefumuli | ingaphefumuli |
| Class 5 | liyaphefumula, liphefumula | eliphefumulayo, eliphefumula | liphefumula | aliphefumuli | elingaphefumuli | lingaphefumuli |
| Class 6 | ayaphefumula, aphefumula | aphefumulayo, aphefumula | ephefumula | awaphefumuli | angaphefumuli | engaphefumuli |
| Class 7 | siyaphefumula, siphefumula | esiphefumulayo, esiphefumula | siphefumula | asiphefumuli | esingaphefumuli | singaphefumuli |
| Class 8 | ziyaphefumula, ziphefumula | eziphefumulayo, eziphefumula | ziphefumula | aziphefumuli | ezingaphefumuli | zingaphefumuli |
| Class 9 | iyaphefumula, iphefumula | ephefumulayo, ephefumula | iphefumula | ayiphefumuli | engaphefumuli | ingaphefumuli |
| Class 10 | ziyaphefumula, ziphefumula | eziphefumulayo, eziphefumula | ziphefumula | aziphefumuli | ezingaphefumuli | zingaphefumuli |
| Class 11 | luyaphefumula, luphefumula | oluphefumulayo, oluphefumula | luphefumula | aluphefumuli | olungaphefumuli | lungaphefumuli |
| Class 14 | buyaphefumula, buphefumula | obuphefumulayo, obuphefumula | buphefumula | abuphefumuli | obungaphefumuli | bungaphefumuli |
| Class 15 | kuyaphefumula, kuphefumula | okuphefumulayo, okuphefumula | kuphefumula | akuphefumuli | okungaphefumuli | kungaphefumuli |
| Class 17 | kuyaphefumula, kuphefumula | okuphefumulayo, okuphefumula | kuphefumula | akuphefumuli | okungaphefumuli | kungaphefumuli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiphefumulile, ngiphefumulē | engiphefumulile, engiphefumulē | ngiphefumulile, ngiphefumulē | angiphefumulanga | engingaphefumulanga | ngingaphefumulanga |
| 2nd singular | uphefumulile, uphefumulē | ophefumulile, ophefumulē | uphefumulile, uphefumulē | awuphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | ungaphefumulanga |
| 1st plural | siphefumulile, siphefumulē | esiphefumulile, esiphefumulē | siphefumulile, siphefumulē | asiphefumulanga | esingaphefumulanga | singaphefumulanga |
| 2nd plural | niphefumulile, niphefumulē | eniphefumulile, eniphefumulē | niphefumulile, niphefumulē | aniphefumulanga | eningaphefumulanga | ningaphefumulanga |
| Class 1 | uphefumulile, uphefumulē | ophefumulile, ophefumulē | ephefumulile, ephefumulē | akaphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga |
| Class 2 | baphefumulile, baphefumulē | abaphefumulile, abaphefumulē | bephefumulile, bephefumulē | abaphefumulanga | abangaphefumulanga | bengaphefumulanga |
| Class 3 | uphefumulile, uphefumulē | ophefumulile, ophefumulē | uphefumulile, uphefumulē | awuphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | ungaphefumulanga |
| Class 4 | iphefumulile, iphefumulē | ephefumulile, ephefumulē | iphefumulile, iphefumulē | ayiphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga | ingaphefumulanga |
| Class 5 | liphefumulile, liphefumulē | eliphefumulile, eliphefumulē | liphefumulile, liphefumulē | aliphefumulanga | elingaphefumulanga | lingaphefumulanga |
| Class 6 | aphefumulile, aphefumulē | aphefumulile, aphefumulē | ephefumulile, ephefumulē | awaphefumulanga | angaphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga |
| Class 7 | siphefumulile, siphefumulē | esiphefumulile, esiphefumulē | siphefumulile, siphefumulē | asiphefumulanga | esingaphefumulanga | singaphefumulanga |
| Class 8 | ziphefumulile, ziphefumulē | eziphefumulile, eziphefumulē | ziphefumulile, ziphefumulē | aziphefumulanga | ezingaphefumulanga | zingaphefumulanga |
| Class 9 | iphefumulile, iphefumulē | ephefumulile, ephefumulē | iphefumulile, iphefumulē | ayiphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga | ingaphefumulanga |
| Class 10 | ziphefumulile, ziphefumulē | eziphefumulile, eziphefumulē | ziphefumulile, ziphefumulē | aziphefumulanga | ezingaphefumulanga | zingaphefumulanga |
| Class 11 | luphefumulile, luphefumulē | oluphefumulile, oluphefumulē | luphefumulile, luphefumulē | aluphefumulanga | olungaphefumulanga | lungaphefumulanga |
| Class 14 | buphefumulile, buphefumulē | obuphefumulile, obuphefumulē | buphefumulile, buphefumulē | abuphefumulanga | obungaphefumulanga | bungaphefumulanga |
| Class 15 | kuphefumulile, kuphefumulē | okuphefumulile, okuphefumulē | kuphefumulile, kuphefumulē | akuphefumulanga | okungaphefumulanga | kungaphefumulanga |
| Class 17 | kuphefumulile, kuphefumulē | okuphefumulile, okuphefumulē | kuphefumulile, kuphefumulē | akuphefumulanga | okungaphefumulanga | kungaphefumulanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāphefumula | engāphefumula | ngāphefumula | angiphefumulanga | engingaphefumulanga | ngingaphefumulanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphefumula | owāphefumula | wāphefumula | awuphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | ungaphefumulanga |
| 1st plural | sāphefumula | esāphefumula | sāphefumula | asiphefumulanga | esingaphefumulanga | singaphefumulanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphefumula | enāphefumula | nāphefumula | aniphefumulanga | eningaphefumulanga | ningaphefumulanga |
| Class 1 | wāphefumula | owāphefumula | āphefumula | akaphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga |
| Class 2 | bāphefumula | abāphefumula | bāphefumula | abaphefumulanga | abangaphefumulanga | bengaphefumulanga |
| Class 3 | wāphefumula | owāphefumula | wāphefumula | awuphefumulanga | ongaphefumulanga | ungaphefumulanga |
| Class 4 | yāphefumula | eyāphefumula | yāphefumula | ayiphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga | ingaphefumulanga |
| Class 5 | lāphefumula | elāphefumula | lāphefumula | aliphefumulanga | elingaphefumulanga | lingaphefumulanga |
| Class 6 | āphefumula | āphefumula | āphefumula | awaphefumulanga | angaphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga |
| Class 7 | sāphefumula | esāphefumula | sāphefumula | asiphefumulanga | esingaphefumulanga | singaphefumulanga |
| Class 8 | zāphefumula | ezāphefumula | zāphefumula | aziphefumulanga | ezingaphefumulanga | zingaphefumulanga |
| Class 9 | yāphefumula | eyāphefumula | yāphefumula | ayiphefumulanga | engaphefumulanga | ingaphefumulanga |
| Class 10 | zāphefumula | ezāphefumula | zāphefumula | aziphefumulanga | ezingaphefumulanga | zingaphefumulanga |
| Class 11 | lwāphefumula | olwāphefumula | lwāphefumula | aluphefumulanga | olungaphefumulanga | lungaphefumulanga |
| Class 14 | bāphefumula | obāphefumula | bāphefumula | abuphefumulanga | obungaphefumulanga | bungaphefumulanga |
| Class 15 | kwāphefumula | okwāphefumula | kwāphefumula | akuphefumulanga | okungaphefumulanga | kungaphefumulanga |
| Class 17 | kwāphefumula | okwāphefumula | kwāphefumula | akuphefumulanga | okungaphefumulanga | kungaphefumulanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaphefumula | — | ngingaphefumula | ngingephefumule | — | ngingephefumule |
| 2nd singular | ungaphefumula | — | ungaphefumula | ungephefumule | — | ungephefumule |
| 1st plural | singaphefumula | — | singaphefumula | singephefumule | — | singephefumule |
| 2nd plural | ningaphefumula | — | ningaphefumula | ningephefumule | — | ningephefumule |
| Class 1 | angaphefumula | — | engaphefumula | angephefumule | — | engephefumule |
| Class 2 | bangaphefumula | — | bengaphefumula | bangephefumule | — | bengephefumule |
| Class 3 | ungaphefumula | — | ungaphefumula | ungephefumule | — | ungephefumule |
| Class 4 | ingaphefumula | — | ingaphefumula | ingephefumule | — | ingephefumule |
| Class 5 | lingaphefumula | — | lingaphefumula | lingephefumule | — | lingephefumule |
| Class 6 | angaphefumula | — | engaphefumula | angephefumule | — | engephefumule |
| Class 7 | singaphefumula | — | singaphefumula | singephefumule | — | singephefumule |
| Class 8 | zingaphefumula | — | zingaphefumula | zingephefumule | — | zingephefumule |
| Class 9 | ingaphefumula | — | ingaphefumula | ingephefumule | — | ingephefumule |
| Class 10 | zingaphefumula | — | zingaphefumula | zingephefumule | — | zingephefumule |
| Class 11 | lungaphefumula | — | lungaphefumula | lungephefumule | — | lungephefumule |
| Class 14 | bungaphefumula | — | bungaphefumula | bungephefumule | — | bungephefumule |
| Class 15 | kungaphefumula | — | kungaphefumula | kungephefumule | — | kungephefumule |
| Class 17 | kungaphefumula | — | kungaphefumula | kungephefumule | — | kungephefumule |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizophefumula | engizophefumula | ngizophefumula | angizuphefumula | engingezuphefumula | ngingezuphefumula |
| 2nd singular | uzophefumula | ozophefumula | uzophefumula | awuzuphefumula | ongezuphefumula | ungezuphefumula |
| 1st plural | sizophefumula | esizophefumula | sizophefumula | asizuphefumula | esingezuphefumula | singezuphefumula |
| 2nd plural | nizophefumula | enizophefumula | nizophefumula | anizuphefumula | eningezuphefumula | ningezuphefumula |
| Class 1 | uzophefumula | ozophefumula | ezophefumula | akazuphefumula | ongezuphefumula | engezuphefumula |
| Class 2 | bazophefumula | abazophefumula | bezophefumula | abazuphefumula | abangezuphefumula | bengezuphefumula |
| Class 3 | uzophefumula | ozophefumula | uzophefumula | awuzuphefumula | ongezuphefumula | ungezuphefumula |
| Class 4 | izophefumula | ezophefumula | izophefumula | ayizuphefumula | engezuphefumula | ingezuphefumula |
| Class 5 | lizophefumula | elizophefumula | lizophefumula | alizuphefumula | elingezuphefumula | lingezuphefumula |
| Class 6 | azophefumula | azophefumula | ezophefumula | awazuphefumula | angezuphefumula | engezuphefumula |
| Class 7 | sizophefumula | esizophefumula | sizophefumula | asizuphefumula | esingezuphefumula | singezuphefumula |
| Class 8 | zizophefumula | ezizophefumula | zizophefumula | azizuphefumula | ezingezuphefumula | zingezuphefumula |
| Class 9 | izophefumula | ezophefumula | izophefumula | ayizuphefumula | engezuphefumula | ingezuphefumula |
| Class 10 | zizophefumula | ezizophefumula | zizophefumula | azizuphefumula | ezingezuphefumula | zingezuphefumula |
| Class 11 | luzophefumula | oluzophefumula | luzophefumula | aluzuphefumula | olungezuphefumula | lungezuphefumula |
| Class 14 | buzophefumula | obuzophefumula | buzophefumula | abuzuphefumula | obungezuphefumula | bungezuphefumula |
| Class 15 | kuzophefumula | okuzophefumula | kuzophefumula | akuzuphefumula | okungezuphefumula | kungezuphefumula |
| Class 17 | kuzophefumula | okuzophefumula | kuzophefumula | akuzuphefumula | okungezuphefumula | kungezuphefumula |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyophefumula | engiyophefumula | ngiyophefumula | angiyuphefumula | engingeyuphefumula | ngingeyuphefumula |
| 2nd singular | uyophefumula | oyophefumula | uyophefumula | awuyuphefumula | ongeyuphefumula | ungeyuphefumula |
| 1st plural | siyophefumula | esiyophefumula | siyophefumula | asiyuphefumula | esingeyuphefumula | singeyuphefumula |
| 2nd plural | niyophefumula | eniyophefumula | niyophefumula | aniyuphefumula | eningeyuphefumula | ningeyuphefumula |
| Class 1 | uyophefumula | oyophefumula | eyophefumula | akayuphefumula | ongeyuphefumula | engeyuphefumula |
| Class 2 | bayophefumula | abayophefumula | beyophefumula | abayuphefumula | abangeyuphefumula | bengeyuphefumula |
| Class 3 | uyophefumula | oyophefumula | uyophefumula | awuyuphefumula | ongeyuphefumula | ungeyuphefumula |
| Class 4 | iyophefumula | eyophefumula | iyophefumula | ayiyuphefumula | engeyuphefumula | ingeyuphefumula |
| Class 5 | liyophefumula | eliyophefumula | liyophefumula | aliyuphefumula | elingeyuphefumula | lingeyuphefumula |
| Class 6 | ayophefumula | ayophefumula | eyophefumula | awayuphefumula | angeyuphefumula | engeyuphefumula |
| Class 7 | siyophefumula | esiyophefumula | siyophefumula | asiyuphefumula | esingeyuphefumula | singeyuphefumula |
| Class 8 | ziyophefumula | eziyophefumula | ziyophefumula | aziyuphefumula | ezingeyuphefumula | zingeyuphefumula |
| Class 9 | iyophefumula | eyophefumula | iyophefumula | ayiyuphefumula | engeyuphefumula | ingeyuphefumula |
| Class 10 | ziyophefumula | eziyophefumula | ziyophefumula | aziyuphefumula | ezingeyuphefumula | zingeyuphefumula |
| Class 11 | luyophefumula | oluyophefumula | luyophefumula | aluyuphefumula | olungeyuphefumula | lungeyuphefumula |
| Class 14 | buyophefumula | obuyophefumula | buyophefumula | abuyuphefumula | obungeyuphefumula | bungeyuphefumula |
| Class 15 | kuyophefumula | okuyophefumula | kuyophefumula | akuyuphefumula | okungeyuphefumula | kungeyuphefumula |
| Class 17 | kuyophefumula | okuyophefumula | kuyophefumula | akuyuphefumula | okungeyuphefumula | kungeyuphefumula |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiphefumule | ngingaphefumuli |
| 2nd singular | uphefumule | ungaphefumuli |
| 1st plural | siphefumule | singaphefumuli |
| 2nd plural | niphefumule | ningaphefumuli |
| Class 1 | aphefumule | angaphefumuli |
| Class 2 | baphefumule | bangaphefumuli |
| Class 3 | uphefumule | ungaphefumuli |
| Class 4 | iphefumule | ingaphefumuli |
| Class 5 | liphefumule | lingaphefumuli |
| Class 6 | aphefumule | angaphefumuli |
| Class 7 | siphefumule | singaphefumuli |
| Class 8 | ziphefumule | zingaphefumuli |
| Class 9 | iphefumule | ingaphefumuli |
| Class 10 | ziphefumule | zingaphefumuli |
| Class 11 | luphefumule | lungaphefumuli |
| Class 14 | buphefumule | bungaphefumuli |
| Class 15 | kuphefumule | kungaphefumuli |
| Class 17 | kuphefumule | kungaphefumuli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaphefumula | ngangaphefumula, angaphefumula, angangaphefumula |
| 2nd singular | waphefumula | wangaphefumula, awaphefumula, awangaphefumula |
| 1st plural | saphefumula | sangaphefumula, asaphefumula, asangaphefumula |
| 2nd plural | naphefumula | nangaphefumula, anaphefumula, anangaphefumula |
| Class 1 | waphefumula | wangaphefumula, akaphefumula, akangaphefumula |
| Class 2 | baphefumula | bangaphefumula, abaphefumula, abangaphefumula |
| Class 3 | waphefumula | wangaphefumula, awaphefumula, awangaphefumula |
| Class 4 | yaphefumula | yangaphefumula, ayaphefumula, ayangaphefumula |
| Class 5 | laphefumula | langaphefumula, alaphefumula, alangaphefumula |
| Class 6 | aphefumula | angaphefumula, awaphefumula, awangaphefumula |
| Class 7 | saphefumula | sangaphefumula, asaphefumula, asangaphefumula |
| Class 8 | zaphefumula | zangaphefumula, azaphefumula, azangaphefumula |
| Class 9 | yaphefumula | yangaphefumula, ayaphefumula, ayangaphefumula |
| Class 10 | zaphefumula | zangaphefumula, azaphefumula, azangaphefumula |
| Class 11 | lwaphefumula | lwangaphefumula, alwaphefumula, alwangaphefumula |
| Class 14 | baphefumula | bangaphefumula, abaphefumula, abangaphefumula |
| Class 15 | kwaphefumula | kwangaphefumula, akwaphefumula, akwangaphefumula |
| Class 17 | kwaphefumula | kwangaphefumula, akwaphefumula, akwangaphefumula |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phefumula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phefumula (3.3.2.9)”