# ϣⲱⲡⲉ
## Coptic
### Etymology 1

From Demotic špj, šwbj (“cucumber”), from Egyptian sšpt, šspt, šbt (“cucumber”).

#### Alternative forms

* ϣⲱⲡⲓ (šōpi) — Bohairic

#### Noun

ϣⲱⲡⲉ • (šōpe) m or f
* (Sahidic) cucumber (fruit)

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* ⳉⲱⲡⲉ (xōpe) — Akhmimic
* ϣⲱⲡⲓ (šōpi) — Bohairic, Fayyumic
* ⳋⲱⲡⲉ (çōpe) — Dialect P
* ⳃⲱⲡⲉ (çōpe) — Proto-Lycopolitan

#### Verb

ϣⲱⲡⲉ • (šōpe) (stative ϣⲟⲟⲡ)
* (Sahidic, Lycopolitan) to become
* (Sahidic, Lycopolitan) to befall

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe | imperative | affirmative | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tm̄šōpe | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄nšōpe, m̄pr̄šōpe |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϣⲱⲡⲉ tišōpe | ⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ kšōpe | ⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ tešōpe | ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ fšōpe | ⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ sšōpe | ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tn̄šōpe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tetn̄šōpe | ⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ sešōpe | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšōpe | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ erešōpe | ⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ efšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ esšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eušōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϣⲱⲡⲉ etišōpe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etk̄šōpe, etekšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etešōpe, eterešōpe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etf̄šōpe, etefšōpe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ets̄šōpe, etesšōpe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etn̄šōpe, etenšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etoušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etere- šōpe, ete- šōpe |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ neïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nekšōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nerešōpe | ⲛⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nefšōpe | ⲛⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nesšōpe | ⲛⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nenšōpe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ netetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ neušōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nere- šōpe |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tinašōpe | ⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ knašōpe | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tenašōpe | ϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ fnašōpe | ⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ snašōpe | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tn̄našōpe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tetnašōpe | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ senašōpe | ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ našōpe |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eïnašōpe | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eknašōpe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ erenašōpe | ⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ efnašōpe | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ esnašōpe | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ennašōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnašōpe | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eunašōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- našōpe |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etinašōpe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etk̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etenašōpe, eterenašōpe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etf̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ets̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etn̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnašōpe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etounašōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etere- našōpe |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neïnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neknašōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nerenašōpe | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nefnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nesnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nennašōpe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ netetnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neunašōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nere- našōpe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ aïšōpe | ⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ akšōpe | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ arešōpe | ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ afšōpe | ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ asšōpe | ⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ anšōpe | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ atetn̄šōpe | ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ aušōpe | ⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ a- šōpe |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pišōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pk̄šōpe, m̄pekšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pešōpe, m̄pr̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pf̄šōpe, m̄pefšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄ps̄šōpe, m̄pesšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pn̄šōpe, m̄penšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄petn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄poušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pe- šōpe |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eaïšōpe | ⲉⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ eakšōpe | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ earešōpe | ⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ eafšōpe | ⲉⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ easšōpe | ⲉⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eanšōpe | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ eatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eaušōpe | ⲉⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ea- šōpe |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ empišōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ empk̄šōpe, empekšōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ empešōpe, empr̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ empk̄šōpe, empekšōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ emps̄šōpe, empesšōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ empn̄šōpe, empenšōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ empetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ empoušōpe | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ empe- šōpe |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ etaïšōpe, n̄taïšōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etakšōpe, n̄takšōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etarešōpe, n̄tašōpešōpe | ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etafšōpe, n̄tafšōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etasšōpe, n̄tasšōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etanšōpe, n̄tanšōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etatetn̄šōpe, n̄tatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etaušōpe, n̄taušōpe | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ eta- šōpe, n̄ta- šōpe |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ etempišōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etempk̄šōpe, etempekšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etempešōpe, etempr̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etempk̄šōpe, etempekšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etemps̄šōpe, etempesšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etempn̄šōpe, etempenšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etempetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etempoušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etempe- šōpe |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ neaïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ neakšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nearešōpe | ⲛⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ neafšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ neasšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ neanšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ neatetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ neaušōpe | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nea- šōpe |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ nempišōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nempk̄šōpe, nempekšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nempešōpe, nempr̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nempk̄šōpe, nempekšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nemps̄šōpe, nempesšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nempn̄šōpe, nempenšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nempetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nempoušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nempe- šōpe |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taïšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄takšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tafšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tasšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tanšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tatetn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taušōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄ta- šōpe |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patišōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patk̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patešōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patf̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pats̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patoušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patišōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patk̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patešōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patf̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pats̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patoušōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patišōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patk̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patf̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pats̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patoušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patišōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patk̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patešōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patf̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pats̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patoušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pate- šōpe |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ šaïšōpe | ϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ šakšōpe | ϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ šarešōpe | ϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ šafšōpe | ϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ šasšōpe | ϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ šanšōpe | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šatetn̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ šaušōpe | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ šare- šōpe |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ maïšōpe | ⲙⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ makšōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ marešōpe | ⲙⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ mafšōpe | ⲙⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ masšōpe | ⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ manšōpe | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ matetn̄šōpe | ⲙⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ maušōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ mare- šōpe |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešaïšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ešakšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ešarešōpe | ⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ešafšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ešasšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ešanšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešatetn̄šōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ešaušōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešare- šōpe |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ emaïšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ emakšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ emarešōpe | ⲉⲙⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ emafšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ emasšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ emanšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ematetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ emaušōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ emare- šōpe |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešaïšōpe, ešaïšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etešakšōpe, ešakšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etešarešōpe, ešarešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etešafšōpe, ešafšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etešasšōpe, ešasšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etešanšōpe, ešanšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešatetn̄šōpe, ešatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etešaušōpe, ešaušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešare- šōpe, ešare- šōpe |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ etemaïšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etemakšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etemarešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etemafšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etemasšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etemanšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etematetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etemaušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etemare- šōpe |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešaïšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nešakšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nešarešōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nešafšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nešasšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nešanšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešatetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nešaušōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešare- šōpe |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ nemaïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nemakšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nemarešōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nemafšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nemasšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nemanšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nematetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nemaušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nemare- šōpe |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ emaïšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ emakšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ emarešōpe | ⲉⲙⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ emafšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ emasšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ emanšōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ematetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ emaušōpe | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ emare- šōpe |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eïašōpe | ⲉⲕⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ekašōpe | ⲉⲣⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ erašōpe | ⲉϥⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ efašōpe | ⲉⲥⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ esašōpe | ⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ enašōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnašōpe | ⲉⲩⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ euašōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ našōpe | ⲛⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nekšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nešōpe | ⲛⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nefšōpe | ⲛⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nesšōpe | ⲛⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nenšōpe | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ netn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ neušōpe | ⲛⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ne- šōpe |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ marišōpe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ marefšōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ maresšōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ marn̄šōpe | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ maroušōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ mare- šōpe |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄prtrašōpe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄prtrefšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄prtresšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄prtrenšōpe | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄prtreušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pōrte- šōpe |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tašōpe, tašōpe | ⲛ̄ⲅϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄gšōpe, n̄kšōpe, kšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tešōpe, tešōpe | ⲛ̄ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄fšōpe, fšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄sšōpe, sšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tn̄šōpe, tn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tetn̄šōpe, tetn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄sešōpe, sešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄te- šōpe |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ tarišōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ tarekšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ tarešōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ tarefšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ taresšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tarn̄šōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ taretn̄šōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ taroušōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ tare- šōpe |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarišōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarekšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarefšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taresšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tarn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taretn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taroušōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tare- šōpe |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϣⲱⲡⲉ šantišōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ šantk̄šōpe, šantekšōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ šantešōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ šantf̄šōpe, šantefšōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ šants̄šōpe, šantesšōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ šantn̄šōpe, šantenšōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šantetn̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ šantoušōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ šante- šōpe |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšanšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšanšōpe | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eršanšōpe, erešanšōpe | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ efšanšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ esšanšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšanšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešantetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eušanšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešante- šōpe, erša- šōpe |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšōpe | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ erešōpe | ⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ efšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ esšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eušōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe | imperative | affirmative | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tm̄šōpe | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄šōpe |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϣⲱⲡⲉ tišōpe | ⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ kšōpe | ⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ tešōpe | ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ fšōpe | ⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ sšōpe | ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tn̄šōpe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tetn̄šōpe | ⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ sešōpe | ϣⲱⲡⲉ šōpe |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšōpe | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ erešōpe | ⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ efšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ esšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eušōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϣⲱⲡⲉ etišōpe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etk̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etešōpe, eterešōpe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etf̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ets̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etoušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etere- šōpe |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ neïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nekšōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nerešōpe | ⲛⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nefšōpe | ⲛⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nesšōpe | ⲛⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nenšōpe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ netetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ neušōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nere- šōpe |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tinašōpe | ⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ knašōpe | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tenašōpe | ϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ fnašōpe | ⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ snašōpe | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tn̄našōpe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ tetnašōpe | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ senašōpe | ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ našōpe |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eïnašōpe | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eknašōpe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ erenašōpe | ⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ efnašōpe | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ esnašōpe | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ennašōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnašōpe | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ eunašōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- našōpe |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etinašōpe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etk̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etenašōpe, eterenašōpe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etf̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ets̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etn̄našōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnašōpe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etounašōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ etere- našōpe |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neïnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neknašōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nerenašōpe | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nefnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nesnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nennašōpe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ netetnašōpe | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ neunašōpe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ nere- našōpe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ aïšōpe | ⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ akšōpe | ⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ašōpe, aršōpe, arešōpe | ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ afšōpe | ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ asšōpe | ⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ anšōpe | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ atetn̄šōpe | ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ aušōpe | ⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ a- šōpe |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pišōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pk̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pešōpe, m̄pr̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pf̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄ps̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄petn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄poušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pe- šōpe |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eaïšōpe | ⲉⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ eakšōpe | ⲉⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ eašōpe, earšōpe, earešōpe | ⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ eafšōpe | ⲉⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ easšōpe | ⲉⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eanšōpe | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ eatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eaušōpe | ⲉⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ea- šōpe |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pišōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pk̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pešōpe, em̄pr̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pf̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄ps̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄petn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄poušōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pe- šōpe |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ entaïšōpe, n̄taïšōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ entakšōpe, n̄takšōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ entašōpe, n̄tašōpe, entaršōpe, n̄taršōpe, entarešōpe, n̄tarešōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ entafšōpe, n̄tafšōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ entasšōpe, n̄tasšōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ entanšōpe, n̄tanšōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ entatetn̄šōpe, n̄tatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ entaušōpe, n̄taušōpe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ enta- šōpe, n̄ta- šōpe |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pišōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pk̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pešōpe, etem̄pr̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pf̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄ps̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄petn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄poušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pe- šōpe |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ neaïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ neakšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ neašōpe, nearšōpe, nearešōpe | ⲛⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ neafšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ neasšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ neanšōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ neatetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ neaušōpe | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nea- šōpe |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pišōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pk̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pešōpe, nem̄pr̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pf̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄ps̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄petn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄poušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pe- šōpe |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taïšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄takšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tašōpe, n̄taršōpe, n̄tarešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tafšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tasšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tanšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tatetn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄taušōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄ta- šōpe |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patišōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patk̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patešōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patf̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pats̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄patoušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patišōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patk̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patešōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patf̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pats̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄patoušōpe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ em̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patišōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patk̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patf̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pats̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄patoušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etem̄pate- šōpe |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patišōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patk̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patešōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patf̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pats̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄patoušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nem̄pate- šōpe |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ šaïšōpe | ϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ šakšōpe | ϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ šarešōpe | ϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ šafšōpe | ϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ šasšōpe | ϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ šanšōpe | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šatetn̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ šaušōpe | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ šare- šōpe |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ meïšōpe | ⲙⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ mekšōpe | ⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ merešōpe | ⲙⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ mefšōpe | ⲙⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ mesšōpe | ⲙⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ menšōpe | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ metetn̄šōpe | ⲙⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ meušōpe | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ mere- šōpe |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešaïšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ešakšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ešarešōpe | ⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ešafšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ešasšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ešanšōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešatetn̄šōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ešaušōpe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ešare- šōpe |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ emeïšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ emekšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ emerešōpe | ⲉⲙⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ emefšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ emesšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ emenšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ emetetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ emeušōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ emere- šōpe |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešaïšōpe, ešaïšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etešakšōpe, ešakšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etešarešōpe, ešarešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etešafšōpe, ešafšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etešasšōpe, ešasšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etešanšōpe, ešanšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešatetn̄šōpe, ešatetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etešaušōpe, ešaušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etešare- šōpe, ešare- šōpe |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ etemeïšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ etemekšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etemerešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ etemefšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ etemesšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etemenšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etemetetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ etemeušōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ etemere- šōpe |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešaïšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nešakšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nešarešōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nešafšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nešasšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nešanšōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešatetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nešaušōpe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nešare- šōpe |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ nemeïšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ nemekšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ nemerešōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ nemefšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ nemesšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ nemenšōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ nemetetn̄šōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ nemeušōpe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ nemere- šōpe |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ emeïšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ emekšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ emerešōpe | ⲉⲙⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ emefšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ emesšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ emenšōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ emetetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ emeušōpe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ emere- šōpe |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ eïešōpe | ⲉⲕⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ekešōpe | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ erešōpe | ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ efešōpe | ⲉⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ esešōpe | ⲉⲛⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ enešōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ etetnešōpe | ⲉⲩⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ euešōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄našōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄nekšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄nešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄nefšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄nesšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄nenšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄netn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄neušōpe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄ne- šōpe |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ marišōpe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ marefšōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ maresšōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ marn̄šōpe | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ maroušōpe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ mare- šōpe |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄trašōpe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄trefšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄tresšōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄trenšōpe | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄treušōpe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ m̄pr̄tre- šōpe |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tašōpe, tašōpe | ⲛ̄ⲅϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄gšōpe, n̄kšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tešōpe | ⲛ̄ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄fšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄sšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tetn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄sešōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄te- šōpe |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ tarišōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ tarekšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ tarešōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ tarefšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ taresšōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ tarn̄šōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ taretn̄šōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ taroušōpe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ tare- šōpe |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄terišōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄terekšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄terešōpe, n̄tereršōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄terefšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄teresšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tern̄šōpe, n̄terenšōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄teretn̄šōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄teroušōpe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ n̄tere- šōpe |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϣⲱⲡⲉ šantišōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šantk̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ šantešōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šantf̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šants̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šantn̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ šantetn̄šōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ šantoušōpe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ šante- šōpe |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšanšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšanšōpe | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eršanšōpe, erešanšōpe | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ efšanšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ esšanšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšanšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šanšōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ eušanšōpe | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ eršan- šōpe |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲱⲡⲉ eïšōpe | ⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ekšōpe | ⲉⲣⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ erešōpe | ⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ efšōpe | ⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ esšōpe | ⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ enšōpe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ etetn̄šōpe | ⲉⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ eušōpe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϣⲱⲡⲉ ere- šōpe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

##### Derived terms

* ϫⲡⲟ (čpo, “to beget”) (causative)

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
* Atiya, Aziz Suryal, editor (1991), “Protodialect”, in The Coptic Encyclopedia‎, New York: Macmillan, →ISBN