# lingula
## English
### Etymology

From Latin lingula (“tonguelet, small unit of volume”), from lingua (“tongue”) + -ula (“-ule: forming diminutives”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɪŋɡjələ/

### Noun

lingula (plural lingulas or lingulae)
* (historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 5/12 Roman ounce of wine, equivalent to about 11 mL.
* (anatomy) Any of several tongue-shaped bony structures, especially that which forms the anterior border of the mandibular foramen.
* (anatomy) Any small, fleshy tongue-shaped structure, such as in the anatomy of the brain or the human left lung, or in the whitefly vasiform orifice.

#### Coordinate terms

* (unit of measure): cyathus (4 lingulas), acetabulum (6 lingulas), quartarius (12 lingulas), hemina (24 lingulas), sextarius (48 lingulas), congius (144 lingulas) urna (1152 lingulas), amphora (2304 lingulas), culeus (46080 lingulas)

#### Related terms

* lingular
* linguliform

### Anagrams

* Luliang, Lüliang, lingual

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lingula.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlin.ɡu.la/
* Rhymes: -inɡula
* Hyphenation: lìn‧gu‧la

### Noun

lingula f (plural lingule)
* (anatomy) lingula
* ancient roman leaf-shaped sword

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* ligula

### Etymology

From lingua (“tongue”) +‎ -ula (“-ule: forming diminutives”), possibly influenced by lingō (“I lick”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈlin.ɡu.la/, [ˈlʲɪŋɡʊɫ̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈlin.ɡu.la/, [ˈliŋɡulä]

### Noun

lingula f (genitive lingulae); first declension
* diminutive of lingua, tongue, tonguelet, used particularly for
** tongue, a narrow strip of land
** tongue, a flap, strap, or latchet of a shoe
** (historical) lingula, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 11 mL
** skimmer, ladle, spoon, utensils for serving small amounts of wine, food, &c.
** shortsword
** tongue, the reed of a flute
** lower arm, the shorter end of a lever, opposite the fulcrum from the user
** lower beam, the shorter side of the beam on some designs of scalebeam
** cuttlefish, particularly some species considered to be particularly similar to the shape of the tongue
** point, the pointed end of a post or stake, inserted into the ground
** tongue, a tongue-shaped extremity of a Roman water-pipe

#### Declension

First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | lingula | lingulae |
| Genitive | lingulae | lingulārum |
| Dative | lingulae | lingulīs |
| Accusative | lingulam | lingulās |
| Ablative | lingulā | lingulīs |
| Vocative | lingula | lingulae |

#### Coordinate terms

* (unit of measure): cyathus (4 lingulae), acetabulum (6 lingulae), quartarius (12 lingulae), hemina (24 lingulae), sextarius (48 lingulae), congius (144 lingulae) urna (1152 lingulae), amphora (2304 lingulae), culeus (46080 lingulae)

#### Derived terms

* lingulātus

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: lingurã
* Romanian: lingură
* → English: lingula
* → Italian: lingula

### References

* “lingula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “lingula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* lingula in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* lingula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “lingula”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Swedish
### Adjective

lingula
* inflection of lingul:
** definite singular
** plural