# phuma
## Phuthi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-púma.

### Verb

-phúma
* to come out, to exit

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Southern Ndebele
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-púma.

### Noun

-phúma
* to get out, to come out, to exit

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Swazi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-púma.

### Verb

-phúma
* to come out, to exit

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-púma.

### Verb

-phúma
* (intransitive) to come out, to exit
    Synonym: -hamba

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-púma.

### Verb

-phúma
* (intransitive) to come out, to exit
* (intransitive) to come from, to originate from
* (intransitive) to rise (of the sun)
* (transitive) to emit, to secrete, to discharge

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuphuma |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuphuma | ukungaphumi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | phuma | -phume |
| Plural | phumani | -phumeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphuma, ngiphuma | engiphumayo, engiphuma | ngiphuma | angiphumi | engingaphumi | ngingaphumi |
| 2nd singular | uyaphuma, uphuma | ophumayo, ophuma | uphuma | awuphumi | ongaphumi | ungaphumi |
| 1st plural | siyaphuma, siphuma | esiphumayo, esiphuma | siphuma | asiphumi | esingaphumi | singaphumi |
| 2nd plural | niyaphuma, niphuma | eniphumayo, eniphuma | niphuma | aniphumi | eningaphumi | ningaphumi |
| Class 1 | uyaphuma, uphuma | ophumayo, ophuma | ephuma | akaphumi | ongaphumi | engaphumi |
| Class 2 | bayaphuma, baphuma | abaphumayo, abaphuma | bephuma | abaphumi | abangaphumi | bengaphumi |
| Class 3 | uyaphuma, uphuma | ophumayo, ophuma | uphuma | awuphumi | ongaphumi | ungaphumi |
| Class 4 | iyaphuma, iphuma | ephumayo, ephuma | iphuma | ayiphumi | engaphumi | ingaphumi |
| Class 5 | liyaphuma, liphuma | eliphumayo, eliphuma | liphuma | aliphumi | elingaphumi | lingaphumi |
| Class 6 | ayaphuma, aphuma | aphumayo, aphuma | ephuma | awaphumi | angaphumi | engaphumi |
| Class 7 | siyaphuma, siphuma | esiphumayo, esiphuma | siphuma | asiphumi | esingaphumi | singaphumi |
| Class 8 | ziyaphuma, ziphuma | eziphumayo, eziphuma | ziphuma | aziphumi | ezingaphumi | zingaphumi |
| Class 9 | iyaphuma, iphuma | ephumayo, ephuma | iphuma | ayiphumi | engaphumi | ingaphumi |
| Class 10 | ziyaphuma, ziphuma | eziphumayo, eziphuma | ziphuma | aziphumi | ezingaphumi | zingaphumi |
| Class 11 | luyaphuma, luphuma | oluphumayo, oluphuma | luphuma | aluphumi | olungaphumi | lungaphumi |
| Class 14 | buyaphuma, buphuma | obuphumayo, obuphuma | buphuma | abuphumi | obungaphumi | bungaphumi |
| Class 15 | kuyaphuma, kuphuma | okuphumayo, okuphuma | kuphuma | akuphumi | okungaphumi | kungaphumi |
| Class 17 | kuyaphuma, kuphuma | okuphumayo, okuphuma | kuphuma | akuphumi | okungaphumi | kungaphumi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiphumile, ngiphumē | engiphumile, engiphumē | ngiphumile, ngiphumē | angiphumanga | engingaphumanga | ngingaphumanga |
| 2nd singular | uphumile, uphumē | ophumile, ophumē | uphumile, uphumē | awuphumanga | ongaphumanga | ungaphumanga |
| 1st plural | siphumile, siphumē | esiphumile, esiphumē | siphumile, siphumē | asiphumanga | esingaphumanga | singaphumanga |
| 2nd plural | niphumile, niphumē | eniphumile, eniphumē | niphumile, niphumē | aniphumanga | eningaphumanga | ningaphumanga |
| Class 1 | uphumile, uphumē | ophumile, ophumē | ephumile, ephumē | akaphumanga | ongaphumanga | engaphumanga |
| Class 2 | baphumile, baphumē | abaphumile, abaphumē | bephumile, bephumē | abaphumanga | abangaphumanga | bengaphumanga |
| Class 3 | uphumile, uphumē | ophumile, ophumē | uphumile, uphumē | awuphumanga | ongaphumanga | ungaphumanga |
| Class 4 | iphumile, iphumē | ephumile, ephumē | iphumile, iphumē | ayiphumanga | engaphumanga | ingaphumanga |
| Class 5 | liphumile, liphumē | eliphumile, eliphumē | liphumile, liphumē | aliphumanga | elingaphumanga | lingaphumanga |
| Class 6 | aphumile, aphumē | aphumile, aphumē | ephumile, ephumē | awaphumanga | angaphumanga | engaphumanga |
| Class 7 | siphumile, siphumē | esiphumile, esiphumē | siphumile, siphumē | asiphumanga | esingaphumanga | singaphumanga |
| Class 8 | ziphumile, ziphumē | eziphumile, eziphumē | ziphumile, ziphumē | aziphumanga | ezingaphumanga | zingaphumanga |
| Class 9 | iphumile, iphumē | ephumile, ephumē | iphumile, iphumē | ayiphumanga | engaphumanga | ingaphumanga |
| Class 10 | ziphumile, ziphumē | eziphumile, eziphumē | ziphumile, ziphumē | aziphumanga | ezingaphumanga | zingaphumanga |
| Class 11 | luphumile, luphumē | oluphumile, oluphumē | luphumile, luphumē | aluphumanga | olungaphumanga | lungaphumanga |
| Class 14 | buphumile, buphumē | obuphumile, obuphumē | buphumile, buphumē | abuphumanga | obungaphumanga | bungaphumanga |
| Class 15 | kuphumile, kuphumē | okuphumile, okuphumē | kuphumile, kuphumē | akuphumanga | okungaphumanga | kungaphumanga |
| Class 17 | kuphumile, kuphumē | okuphumile, okuphumē | kuphumile, kuphumē | akuphumanga | okungaphumanga | kungaphumanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāphuma | engāphuma | ngāphuma | angiphumanga | engingaphumanga | ngingaphumanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphuma | owāphuma | wāphuma | awuphumanga | ongaphumanga | ungaphumanga |
| 1st plural | sāphuma | esāphuma | sāphuma | asiphumanga | esingaphumanga | singaphumanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphuma | enāphuma | nāphuma | aniphumanga | eningaphumanga | ningaphumanga |
| Class 1 | wāphuma | owāphuma | āphuma | akaphumanga | ongaphumanga | engaphumanga |
| Class 2 | bāphuma | abāphuma | bāphuma | abaphumanga | abangaphumanga | bengaphumanga |
| Class 3 | wāphuma | owāphuma | wāphuma | awuphumanga | ongaphumanga | ungaphumanga |
| Class 4 | yāphuma | eyāphuma | yāphuma | ayiphumanga | engaphumanga | ingaphumanga |
| Class 5 | lāphuma | elāphuma | lāphuma | aliphumanga | elingaphumanga | lingaphumanga |
| Class 6 | āphuma | āphuma | āphuma | awaphumanga | angaphumanga | engaphumanga |
| Class 7 | sāphuma | esāphuma | sāphuma | asiphumanga | esingaphumanga | singaphumanga |
| Class 8 | zāphuma | ezāphuma | zāphuma | aziphumanga | ezingaphumanga | zingaphumanga |
| Class 9 | yāphuma | eyāphuma | yāphuma | ayiphumanga | engaphumanga | ingaphumanga |
| Class 10 | zāphuma | ezāphuma | zāphuma | aziphumanga | ezingaphumanga | zingaphumanga |
| Class 11 | lwāphuma | olwāphuma | lwāphuma | aluphumanga | olungaphumanga | lungaphumanga |
| Class 14 | bāphuma | obāphuma | bāphuma | abuphumanga | obungaphumanga | bungaphumanga |
| Class 15 | kwāphuma | okwāphuma | kwāphuma | akuphumanga | okungaphumanga | kungaphumanga |
| Class 17 | kwāphuma | okwāphuma | kwāphuma | akuphumanga | okungaphumanga | kungaphumanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaphuma | — | ngingaphuma | ngingephume | — | ngingephume |
| 2nd singular | ungaphuma | — | ungaphuma | ungephume | — | ungephume |
| 1st plural | singaphuma | — | singaphuma | singephume | — | singephume |
| 2nd plural | ningaphuma | — | ningaphuma | ningephume | — | ningephume |
| Class 1 | angaphuma | — | engaphuma | angephume | — | engephume |
| Class 2 | bangaphuma | — | bengaphuma | bangephume | — | bengephume |
| Class 3 | ungaphuma | — | ungaphuma | ungephume | — | ungephume |
| Class 4 | ingaphuma | — | ingaphuma | ingephume | — | ingephume |
| Class 5 | lingaphuma | — | lingaphuma | lingephume | — | lingephume |
| Class 6 | angaphuma | — | engaphuma | angephume | — | engephume |
| Class 7 | singaphuma | — | singaphuma | singephume | — | singephume |
| Class 8 | zingaphuma | — | zingaphuma | zingephume | — | zingephume |
| Class 9 | ingaphuma | — | ingaphuma | ingephume | — | ingephume |
| Class 10 | zingaphuma | — | zingaphuma | zingephume | — | zingephume |
| Class 11 | lungaphuma | — | lungaphuma | lungephume | — | lungephume |
| Class 14 | bungaphuma | — | bungaphuma | bungephume | — | bungephume |
| Class 15 | kungaphuma | — | kungaphuma | kungephume | — | kungephume |
| Class 17 | kungaphuma | — | kungaphuma | kungephume | — | kungephume |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizophuma | engizophuma | ngizophuma | angizuphuma | engingezuphuma | ngingezuphuma |
| 2nd singular | uzophuma | ozophuma | uzophuma | awuzuphuma | ongezuphuma | ungezuphuma |
| 1st plural | sizophuma | esizophuma | sizophuma | asizuphuma | esingezuphuma | singezuphuma |
| 2nd plural | nizophuma | enizophuma | nizophuma | anizuphuma | eningezuphuma | ningezuphuma |
| Class 1 | uzophuma | ozophuma | ezophuma | akazuphuma | ongezuphuma | engezuphuma |
| Class 2 | bazophuma | abazophuma | bezophuma | abazuphuma | abangezuphuma | bengezuphuma |
| Class 3 | uzophuma | ozophuma | uzophuma | awuzuphuma | ongezuphuma | ungezuphuma |
| Class 4 | izophuma | ezophuma | izophuma | ayizuphuma | engezuphuma | ingezuphuma |
| Class 5 | lizophuma | elizophuma | lizophuma | alizuphuma | elingezuphuma | lingezuphuma |
| Class 6 | azophuma | azophuma | ezophuma | awazuphuma | angezuphuma | engezuphuma |
| Class 7 | sizophuma | esizophuma | sizophuma | asizuphuma | esingezuphuma | singezuphuma |
| Class 8 | zizophuma | ezizophuma | zizophuma | azizuphuma | ezingezuphuma | zingezuphuma |
| Class 9 | izophuma | ezophuma | izophuma | ayizuphuma | engezuphuma | ingezuphuma |
| Class 10 | zizophuma | ezizophuma | zizophuma | azizuphuma | ezingezuphuma | zingezuphuma |
| Class 11 | luzophuma | oluzophuma | luzophuma | aluzuphuma | olungezuphuma | lungezuphuma |
| Class 14 | buzophuma | obuzophuma | buzophuma | abuzuphuma | obungezuphuma | bungezuphuma |
| Class 15 | kuzophuma | okuzophuma | kuzophuma | akuzuphuma | okungezuphuma | kungezuphuma |
| Class 17 | kuzophuma | okuzophuma | kuzophuma | akuzuphuma | okungezuphuma | kungezuphuma |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyophuma | engiyophuma | ngiyophuma | angiyuphuma | engingeyuphuma | ngingeyuphuma |
| 2nd singular | uyophuma | oyophuma | uyophuma | awuyuphuma | ongeyuphuma | ungeyuphuma |
| 1st plural | siyophuma | esiyophuma | siyophuma | asiyuphuma | esingeyuphuma | singeyuphuma |
| 2nd plural | niyophuma | eniyophuma | niyophuma | aniyuphuma | eningeyuphuma | ningeyuphuma |
| Class 1 | uyophuma | oyophuma | eyophuma | akayuphuma | ongeyuphuma | engeyuphuma |
| Class 2 | bayophuma | abayophuma | beyophuma | abayuphuma | abangeyuphuma | bengeyuphuma |
| Class 3 | uyophuma | oyophuma | uyophuma | awuyuphuma | ongeyuphuma | ungeyuphuma |
| Class 4 | iyophuma | eyophuma | iyophuma | ayiyuphuma | engeyuphuma | ingeyuphuma |
| Class 5 | liyophuma | eliyophuma | liyophuma | aliyuphuma | elingeyuphuma | lingeyuphuma |
| Class 6 | ayophuma | ayophuma | eyophuma | awayuphuma | angeyuphuma | engeyuphuma |
| Class 7 | siyophuma | esiyophuma | siyophuma | asiyuphuma | esingeyuphuma | singeyuphuma |
| Class 8 | ziyophuma | eziyophuma | ziyophuma | aziyuphuma | ezingeyuphuma | zingeyuphuma |
| Class 9 | iyophuma | eyophuma | iyophuma | ayiyuphuma | engeyuphuma | ingeyuphuma |
| Class 10 | ziyophuma | eziyophuma | ziyophuma | aziyuphuma | ezingeyuphuma | zingeyuphuma |
| Class 11 | luyophuma | oluyophuma | luyophuma | aluyuphuma | olungeyuphuma | lungeyuphuma |
| Class 14 | buyophuma | obuyophuma | buyophuma | abuyuphuma | obungeyuphuma | bungeyuphuma |
| Class 15 | kuyophuma | okuyophuma | kuyophuma | akuyuphuma | okungeyuphuma | kungeyuphuma |
| Class 17 | kuyophuma | okuyophuma | kuyophuma | akuyuphuma | okungeyuphuma | kungeyuphuma |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiphume | ngingaphumi |
| 2nd singular | uphume | ungaphumi |
| 1st plural | siphume | singaphumi |
| 2nd plural | niphume | ningaphumi |
| Class 1 | aphume | angaphumi |
| Class 2 | baphume | bangaphumi |
| Class 3 | uphume | ungaphumi |
| Class 4 | iphume | ingaphumi |
| Class 5 | liphume | lingaphumi |
| Class 6 | aphume | angaphumi |
| Class 7 | siphume | singaphumi |
| Class 8 | ziphume | zingaphumi |
| Class 9 | iphume | ingaphumi |
| Class 10 | ziphume | zingaphumi |
| Class 11 | luphume | lungaphumi |
| Class 14 | buphume | bungaphumi |
| Class 15 | kuphume | kungaphumi |
| Class 17 | kuphume | kungaphumi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaphuma | ngangaphuma, angaphuma, angangaphuma |
| 2nd singular | waphuma | wangaphuma, awaphuma, awangaphuma |
| 1st plural | saphuma | sangaphuma, asaphuma, asangaphuma |
| 2nd plural | naphuma | nangaphuma, anaphuma, anangaphuma |
| Class 1 | waphuma | wangaphuma, akaphuma, akangaphuma |
| Class 2 | baphuma | bangaphuma, abaphuma, abangaphuma |
| Class 3 | waphuma | wangaphuma, awaphuma, awangaphuma |
| Class 4 | yaphuma | yangaphuma, ayaphuma, ayangaphuma |
| Class 5 | laphuma | langaphuma, alaphuma, alangaphuma |
| Class 6 | aphuma | angaphuma, awaphuma, awangaphuma |
| Class 7 | saphuma | sangaphuma, asaphuma, asangaphuma |
| Class 8 | zaphuma | zangaphuma, azaphuma, azangaphuma |
| Class 9 | yaphuma | yangaphuma, ayaphuma, ayangaphuma |
| Class 10 | zaphuma | zangaphuma, azaphuma, azangaphuma |
| Class 11 | lwaphuma | lwangaphuma, alwaphuma, alwangaphuma |
| Class 14 | baphuma | bangaphuma, abaphuma, abangaphuma |
| Class 15 | kwaphuma | kwangaphuma, akwaphuma, akwangaphuma |
| Class 17 | kwaphuma | kwangaphuma, akwaphuma, akwangaphuma |

#### Derived terms

* impumalanga

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phuma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phuma (3.9)”