# phumela
## Phuthi
### Etymology

From -phuma +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-phúméla
* to make progress

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From -phuma +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-phuméla
* (intransitive) to come out to/in, to go out to/in, to exit to/in [with locative]

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuphumela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuphumela | ukungaphumeli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | phumela | -phumele |
| Plural | phumelani | -phumeleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphumela, ngiphumela | engiphumelayo, engiphumela | ngiphumela | angiphumeli | engingaphumeli | ngingaphumeli |
| 2nd singular | uyaphumela, uphumela | ophumelayo, ophumela | uphumela | awuphumeli | ongaphumeli | ungaphumeli |
| 1st plural | siyaphumela, siphumela | esiphumelayo, esiphumela | siphumela | asiphumeli | esingaphumeli | singaphumeli |
| 2nd plural | niyaphumela, niphumela | eniphumelayo, eniphumela | niphumela | aniphumeli | eningaphumeli | ningaphumeli |
| Class 1 | uyaphumela, uphumela | ophumelayo, ophumela | ephumela | akaphumeli | ongaphumeli | engaphumeli |
| Class 2 | bayaphumela, baphumela | abaphumelayo, abaphumela | bephumela | abaphumeli | abangaphumeli | bengaphumeli |
| Class 3 | uyaphumela, uphumela | ophumelayo, ophumela | uphumela | awuphumeli | ongaphumeli | ungaphumeli |
| Class 4 | iyaphumela, iphumela | ephumelayo, ephumela | iphumela | ayiphumeli | engaphumeli | ingaphumeli |
| Class 5 | liyaphumela, liphumela | eliphumelayo, eliphumela | liphumela | aliphumeli | elingaphumeli | lingaphumeli |
| Class 6 | ayaphumela, aphumela | aphumelayo, aphumela | ephumela | awaphumeli | angaphumeli | engaphumeli |
| Class 7 | siyaphumela, siphumela | esiphumelayo, esiphumela | siphumela | asiphumeli | esingaphumeli | singaphumeli |
| Class 8 | ziyaphumela, ziphumela | eziphumelayo, eziphumela | ziphumela | aziphumeli | ezingaphumeli | zingaphumeli |
| Class 9 | iyaphumela, iphumela | ephumelayo, ephumela | iphumela | ayiphumeli | engaphumeli | ingaphumeli |
| Class 10 | ziyaphumela, ziphumela | eziphumelayo, eziphumela | ziphumela | aziphumeli | ezingaphumeli | zingaphumeli |
| Class 11 | luyaphumela, luphumela | oluphumelayo, oluphumela | luphumela | aluphumeli | olungaphumeli | lungaphumeli |
| Class 14 | buyaphumela, buphumela | obuphumelayo, obuphumela | buphumela | abuphumeli | obungaphumeli | bungaphumeli |
| Class 15 | kuyaphumela, kuphumela | okuphumelayo, okuphumela | kuphumela | akuphumeli | okungaphumeli | kungaphumeli |
| Class 17 | kuyaphumela, kuphumela | okuphumelayo, okuphumela | kuphumela | akuphumeli | okungaphumeli | kungaphumeli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiphumelile, ngiphumelē | engiphumelile, engiphumelē | ngiphumelile, ngiphumelē | angiphumelanga | engingaphumelanga | ngingaphumelanga |
| 2nd singular | uphumelile, uphumelē | ophumelile, ophumelē | uphumelile, uphumelē | awuphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | ungaphumelanga |
| 1st plural | siphumelile, siphumelē | esiphumelile, esiphumelē | siphumelile, siphumelē | asiphumelanga | esingaphumelanga | singaphumelanga |
| 2nd plural | niphumelile, niphumelē | eniphumelile, eniphumelē | niphumelile, niphumelē | aniphumelanga | eningaphumelanga | ningaphumelanga |
| Class 1 | uphumelile, uphumelē | ophumelile, ophumelē | ephumelile, ephumelē | akaphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | engaphumelanga |
| Class 2 | baphumelile, baphumelē | abaphumelile, abaphumelē | bephumelile, bephumelē | abaphumelanga | abangaphumelanga | bengaphumelanga |
| Class 3 | uphumelile, uphumelē | ophumelile, ophumelē | uphumelile, uphumelē | awuphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | ungaphumelanga |
| Class 4 | iphumelile, iphumelē | ephumelile, ephumelē | iphumelile, iphumelē | ayiphumelanga | engaphumelanga | ingaphumelanga |
| Class 5 | liphumelile, liphumelē | eliphumelile, eliphumelē | liphumelile, liphumelē | aliphumelanga | elingaphumelanga | lingaphumelanga |
| Class 6 | aphumelile, aphumelē | aphumelile, aphumelē | ephumelile, ephumelē | awaphumelanga | angaphumelanga | engaphumelanga |
| Class 7 | siphumelile, siphumelē | esiphumelile, esiphumelē | siphumelile, siphumelē | asiphumelanga | esingaphumelanga | singaphumelanga |
| Class 8 | ziphumelile, ziphumelē | eziphumelile, eziphumelē | ziphumelile, ziphumelē | aziphumelanga | ezingaphumelanga | zingaphumelanga |
| Class 9 | iphumelile, iphumelē | ephumelile, ephumelē | iphumelile, iphumelē | ayiphumelanga | engaphumelanga | ingaphumelanga |
| Class 10 | ziphumelile, ziphumelē | eziphumelile, eziphumelē | ziphumelile, ziphumelē | aziphumelanga | ezingaphumelanga | zingaphumelanga |
| Class 11 | luphumelile, luphumelē | oluphumelile, oluphumelē | luphumelile, luphumelē | aluphumelanga | olungaphumelanga | lungaphumelanga |
| Class 14 | buphumelile, buphumelē | obuphumelile, obuphumelē | buphumelile, buphumelē | abuphumelanga | obungaphumelanga | bungaphumelanga |
| Class 15 | kuphumelile, kuphumelē | okuphumelile, okuphumelē | kuphumelile, kuphumelē | akuphumelanga | okungaphumelanga | kungaphumelanga |
| Class 17 | kuphumelile, kuphumelē | okuphumelile, okuphumelē | kuphumelile, kuphumelē | akuphumelanga | okungaphumelanga | kungaphumelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāphumela | engāphumela | ngāphumela | angiphumelanga | engingaphumelanga | ngingaphumelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphumela | owāphumela | wāphumela | awuphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | ungaphumelanga |
| 1st plural | sāphumela | esāphumela | sāphumela | asiphumelanga | esingaphumelanga | singaphumelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphumela | enāphumela | nāphumela | aniphumelanga | eningaphumelanga | ningaphumelanga |
| Class 1 | wāphumela | owāphumela | āphumela | akaphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | engaphumelanga |
| Class 2 | bāphumela | abāphumela | bāphumela | abaphumelanga | abangaphumelanga | bengaphumelanga |
| Class 3 | wāphumela | owāphumela | wāphumela | awuphumelanga | ongaphumelanga | ungaphumelanga |
| Class 4 | yāphumela | eyāphumela | yāphumela | ayiphumelanga | engaphumelanga | ingaphumelanga |
| Class 5 | lāphumela | elāphumela | lāphumela | aliphumelanga | elingaphumelanga | lingaphumelanga |
| Class 6 | āphumela | āphumela | āphumela | awaphumelanga | angaphumelanga | engaphumelanga |
| Class 7 | sāphumela | esāphumela | sāphumela | asiphumelanga | esingaphumelanga | singaphumelanga |
| Class 8 | zāphumela | ezāphumela | zāphumela | aziphumelanga | ezingaphumelanga | zingaphumelanga |
| Class 9 | yāphumela | eyāphumela | yāphumela | ayiphumelanga | engaphumelanga | ingaphumelanga |
| Class 10 | zāphumela | ezāphumela | zāphumela | aziphumelanga | ezingaphumelanga | zingaphumelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāphumela | olwāphumela | lwāphumela | aluphumelanga | olungaphumelanga | lungaphumelanga |
| Class 14 | bāphumela | obāphumela | bāphumela | abuphumelanga | obungaphumelanga | bungaphumelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāphumela | okwāphumela | kwāphumela | akuphumelanga | okungaphumelanga | kungaphumelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāphumela | okwāphumela | kwāphumela | akuphumelanga | okungaphumelanga | kungaphumelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaphumela | — | ngingaphumela | ngingephumele | — | ngingephumele |
| 2nd singular | ungaphumela | — | ungaphumela | ungephumele | — | ungephumele |
| 1st plural | singaphumela | — | singaphumela | singephumele | — | singephumele |
| 2nd plural | ningaphumela | — | ningaphumela | ningephumele | — | ningephumele |
| Class 1 | angaphumela | — | engaphumela | angephumele | — | engephumele |
| Class 2 | bangaphumela | — | bengaphumela | bangephumele | — | bengephumele |
| Class 3 | ungaphumela | — | ungaphumela | ungephumele | — | ungephumele |
| Class 4 | ingaphumela | — | ingaphumela | ingephumele | — | ingephumele |
| Class 5 | lingaphumela | — | lingaphumela | lingephumele | — | lingephumele |
| Class 6 | angaphumela | — | engaphumela | angephumele | — | engephumele |
| Class 7 | singaphumela | — | singaphumela | singephumele | — | singephumele |
| Class 8 | zingaphumela | — | zingaphumela | zingephumele | — | zingephumele |
| Class 9 | ingaphumela | — | ingaphumela | ingephumele | — | ingephumele |
| Class 10 | zingaphumela | — | zingaphumela | zingephumele | — | zingephumele |
| Class 11 | lungaphumela | — | lungaphumela | lungephumele | — | lungephumele |
| Class 14 | bungaphumela | — | bungaphumela | bungephumele | — | bungephumele |
| Class 15 | kungaphumela | — | kungaphumela | kungephumele | — | kungephumele |
| Class 17 | kungaphumela | — | kungaphumela | kungephumele | — | kungephumele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizophumela | engizophumela | ngizophumela | angizuphumela | engingezuphumela | ngingezuphumela |
| 2nd singular | uzophumela | ozophumela | uzophumela | awuzuphumela | ongezuphumela | ungezuphumela |
| 1st plural | sizophumela | esizophumela | sizophumela | asizuphumela | esingezuphumela | singezuphumela |
| 2nd plural | nizophumela | enizophumela | nizophumela | anizuphumela | eningezuphumela | ningezuphumela |
| Class 1 | uzophumela | ozophumela | ezophumela | akazuphumela | ongezuphumela | engezuphumela |
| Class 2 | bazophumela | abazophumela | bezophumela | abazuphumela | abangezuphumela | bengezuphumela |
| Class 3 | uzophumela | ozophumela | uzophumela | awuzuphumela | ongezuphumela | ungezuphumela |
| Class 4 | izophumela | ezophumela | izophumela | ayizuphumela | engezuphumela | ingezuphumela |
| Class 5 | lizophumela | elizophumela | lizophumela | alizuphumela | elingezuphumela | lingezuphumela |
| Class 6 | azophumela | azophumela | ezophumela | awazuphumela | angezuphumela | engezuphumela |
| Class 7 | sizophumela | esizophumela | sizophumela | asizuphumela | esingezuphumela | singezuphumela |
| Class 8 | zizophumela | ezizophumela | zizophumela | azizuphumela | ezingezuphumela | zingezuphumela |
| Class 9 | izophumela | ezophumela | izophumela | ayizuphumela | engezuphumela | ingezuphumela |
| Class 10 | zizophumela | ezizophumela | zizophumela | azizuphumela | ezingezuphumela | zingezuphumela |
| Class 11 | luzophumela | oluzophumela | luzophumela | aluzuphumela | olungezuphumela | lungezuphumela |
| Class 14 | buzophumela | obuzophumela | buzophumela | abuzuphumela | obungezuphumela | bungezuphumela |
| Class 15 | kuzophumela | okuzophumela | kuzophumela | akuzuphumela | okungezuphumela | kungezuphumela |
| Class 17 | kuzophumela | okuzophumela | kuzophumela | akuzuphumela | okungezuphumela | kungezuphumela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyophumela | engiyophumela | ngiyophumela | angiyuphumela | engingeyuphumela | ngingeyuphumela |
| 2nd singular | uyophumela | oyophumela | uyophumela | awuyuphumela | ongeyuphumela | ungeyuphumela |
| 1st plural | siyophumela | esiyophumela | siyophumela | asiyuphumela | esingeyuphumela | singeyuphumela |
| 2nd plural | niyophumela | eniyophumela | niyophumela | aniyuphumela | eningeyuphumela | ningeyuphumela |
| Class 1 | uyophumela | oyophumela | eyophumela | akayuphumela | ongeyuphumela | engeyuphumela |
| Class 2 | bayophumela | abayophumela | beyophumela | abayuphumela | abangeyuphumela | bengeyuphumela |
| Class 3 | uyophumela | oyophumela | uyophumela | awuyuphumela | ongeyuphumela | ungeyuphumela |
| Class 4 | iyophumela | eyophumela | iyophumela | ayiyuphumela | engeyuphumela | ingeyuphumela |
| Class 5 | liyophumela | eliyophumela | liyophumela | aliyuphumela | elingeyuphumela | lingeyuphumela |
| Class 6 | ayophumela | ayophumela | eyophumela | awayuphumela | angeyuphumela | engeyuphumela |
| Class 7 | siyophumela | esiyophumela | siyophumela | asiyuphumela | esingeyuphumela | singeyuphumela |
| Class 8 | ziyophumela | eziyophumela | ziyophumela | aziyuphumela | ezingeyuphumela | zingeyuphumela |
| Class 9 | iyophumela | eyophumela | iyophumela | ayiyuphumela | engeyuphumela | ingeyuphumela |
| Class 10 | ziyophumela | eziyophumela | ziyophumela | aziyuphumela | ezingeyuphumela | zingeyuphumela |
| Class 11 | luyophumela | oluyophumela | luyophumela | aluyuphumela | olungeyuphumela | lungeyuphumela |
| Class 14 | buyophumela | obuyophumela | buyophumela | abuyuphumela | obungeyuphumela | bungeyuphumela |
| Class 15 | kuyophumela | okuyophumela | kuyophumela | akuyuphumela | okungeyuphumela | kungeyuphumela |
| Class 17 | kuyophumela | okuyophumela | kuyophumela | akuyuphumela | okungeyuphumela | kungeyuphumela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiphumele | ngingaphumeli |
| 2nd singular | uphumele | ungaphumeli |
| 1st plural | siphumele | singaphumeli |
| 2nd plural | niphumele | ningaphumeli |
| Class 1 | aphumele | angaphumeli |
| Class 2 | baphumele | bangaphumeli |
| Class 3 | uphumele | ungaphumeli |
| Class 4 | iphumele | ingaphumeli |
| Class 5 | liphumele | lingaphumeli |
| Class 6 | aphumele | angaphumeli |
| Class 7 | siphumele | singaphumeli |
| Class 8 | ziphumele | zingaphumeli |
| Class 9 | iphumele | ingaphumeli |
| Class 10 | ziphumele | zingaphumeli |
| Class 11 | luphumele | lungaphumeli |
| Class 14 | buphumele | bungaphumeli |
| Class 15 | kuphumele | kungaphumeli |
| Class 17 | kuphumele | kungaphumeli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaphumela | ngangaphumela, angaphumela, angangaphumela |
| 2nd singular | waphumela | wangaphumela, awaphumela, awangaphumela |
| 1st plural | saphumela | sangaphumela, asaphumela, asangaphumela |
| 2nd plural | naphumela | nangaphumela, anaphumela, anangaphumela |
| Class 1 | waphumela | wangaphumela, akaphumela, akangaphumela |
| Class 2 | baphumela | bangaphumela, abaphumela, abangaphumela |
| Class 3 | waphumela | wangaphumela, awaphumela, awangaphumela |
| Class 4 | yaphumela | yangaphumela, ayaphumela, ayangaphumela |
| Class 5 | laphumela | langaphumela, alaphumela, alangaphumela |
| Class 6 | aphumela | angaphumela, awaphumela, awangaphumela |
| Class 7 | saphumela | sangaphumela, asaphumela, asangaphumela |
| Class 8 | zaphumela | zangaphumela, azaphumela, azangaphumela |
| Class 9 | yaphumela | yangaphumela, ayaphumela, ayangaphumela |
| Class 10 | zaphumela | zangaphumela, azaphumela, azangaphumela |
| Class 11 | lwaphumela | lwangaphumela, alwaphumela, alwangaphumela |
| Class 14 | baphumela | bangaphumela, abaphumela, abangaphumela |
| Class 15 | kwaphumela | kwangaphumela, akwaphumela, akwangaphumela |
| Class 17 | kwaphumela | kwangaphumela, akwaphumela, akwangaphumela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phumela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phumela (3.2.9)”