# phumelela
## Southern Ndebele
### Verb

-phúmélela
* to be successful

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* ipumelelo

## Swazi
### Verb

-phúmélela
* to succeed

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Verb

-phúmélela
* (transitive) to win

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* impumelelo

## Zulu
### Etymology

From -phuma +‎ -elela.

### Verb

-phumelela$^?$
* (intransitive) to come out, to come out clear
* (intransitive) to succeed, to win
* (intransitive) to prosper

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuphumelela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuphumelela | ukungaphumeleli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | phumelela | -phumelele |
| Plural | phumelelani | -phumeleleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphumelela, ngiphumelela | engiphumelelayo, engiphumelela | ngiphumelela | angiphumeleli | engingaphumeleli | ngingaphumeleli |
| 2nd singular | uyaphumelela, uphumelela | ophumelelayo, ophumelela | uphumelela | awuphumeleli | ongaphumeleli | ungaphumeleli |
| 1st plural | siyaphumelela, siphumelela | esiphumelelayo, esiphumelela | siphumelela | asiphumeleli | esingaphumeleli | singaphumeleli |
| 2nd plural | niyaphumelela, niphumelela | eniphumelelayo, eniphumelela | niphumelela | aniphumeleli | eningaphumeleli | ningaphumeleli |
| Class 1 | uyaphumelela, uphumelela | ophumelelayo, ophumelela | ephumelela | akaphumeleli | ongaphumeleli | engaphumeleli |
| Class 2 | bayaphumelela, baphumelela | abaphumelelayo, abaphumelela | bephumelela | abaphumeleli | abangaphumeleli | bengaphumeleli |
| Class 3 | uyaphumelela, uphumelela | ophumelelayo, ophumelela | uphumelela | awuphumeleli | ongaphumeleli | ungaphumeleli |
| Class 4 | iyaphumelela, iphumelela | ephumelelayo, ephumelela | iphumelela | ayiphumeleli | engaphumeleli | ingaphumeleli |
| Class 5 | liyaphumelela, liphumelela | eliphumelelayo, eliphumelela | liphumelela | aliphumeleli | elingaphumeleli | lingaphumeleli |
| Class 6 | ayaphumelela, aphumelela | aphumelelayo, aphumelela | ephumelela | awaphumeleli | angaphumeleli | engaphumeleli |
| Class 7 | siyaphumelela, siphumelela | esiphumelelayo, esiphumelela | siphumelela | asiphumeleli | esingaphumeleli | singaphumeleli |
| Class 8 | ziyaphumelela, ziphumelela | eziphumelelayo, eziphumelela | ziphumelela | aziphumeleli | ezingaphumeleli | zingaphumeleli |
| Class 9 | iyaphumelela, iphumelela | ephumelelayo, ephumelela | iphumelela | ayiphumeleli | engaphumeleli | ingaphumeleli |
| Class 10 | ziyaphumelela, ziphumelela | eziphumelelayo, eziphumelela | ziphumelela | aziphumeleli | ezingaphumeleli | zingaphumeleli |
| Class 11 | luyaphumelela, luphumelela | oluphumelelayo, oluphumelela | luphumelela | aluphumeleli | olungaphumeleli | lungaphumeleli |
| Class 14 | buyaphumelela, buphumelela | obuphumelelayo, obuphumelela | buphumelela | abuphumeleli | obungaphumeleli | bungaphumeleli |
| Class 15 | kuyaphumelela, kuphumelela | okuphumelelayo, okuphumelela | kuphumelela | akuphumeleli | okungaphumeleli | kungaphumeleli |
| Class 17 | kuyaphumelela, kuphumelela | okuphumelelayo, okuphumelela | kuphumelela | akuphumeleli | okungaphumeleli | kungaphumeleli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiphumelelile, ngiphumelelē | engiphumelelile, engiphumelelē | ngiphumelelile, ngiphumelelē | angiphumelelanga | engingaphumelelanga | ngingaphumelelanga |
| 2nd singular | uphumelelile, uphumelelē | ophumelelile, ophumelelē | uphumelelile, uphumelelē | awuphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | ungaphumelelanga |
| 1st plural | siphumelelile, siphumelelē | esiphumelelile, esiphumelelē | siphumelelile, siphumelelē | asiphumelelanga | esingaphumelelanga | singaphumelelanga |
| 2nd plural | niphumelelile, niphumelelē | eniphumelelile, eniphumelelē | niphumelelile, niphumelelē | aniphumelelanga | eningaphumelelanga | ningaphumelelanga |
| Class 1 | uphumelelile, uphumelelē | ophumelelile, ophumelelē | ephumelelile, ephumelelē | akaphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga |
| Class 2 | baphumelelile, baphumelelē | abaphumelelile, abaphumelelē | bephumelelile, bephumelelē | abaphumelelanga | abangaphumelelanga | bengaphumelelanga |
| Class 3 | uphumelelile, uphumelelē | ophumelelile, ophumelelē | uphumelelile, uphumelelē | awuphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | ungaphumelelanga |
| Class 4 | iphumelelile, iphumelelē | ephumelelile, ephumelelē | iphumelelile, iphumelelē | ayiphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga | ingaphumelelanga |
| Class 5 | liphumelelile, liphumelelē | eliphumelelile, eliphumelelē | liphumelelile, liphumelelē | aliphumelelanga | elingaphumelelanga | lingaphumelelanga |
| Class 6 | aphumelelile, aphumelelē | aphumelelile, aphumelelē | ephumelelile, ephumelelē | awaphumelelanga | angaphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga |
| Class 7 | siphumelelile, siphumelelē | esiphumelelile, esiphumelelē | siphumelelile, siphumelelē | asiphumelelanga | esingaphumelelanga | singaphumelelanga |
| Class 8 | ziphumelelile, ziphumelelē | eziphumelelile, eziphumelelē | ziphumelelile, ziphumelelē | aziphumelelanga | ezingaphumelelanga | zingaphumelelanga |
| Class 9 | iphumelelile, iphumelelē | ephumelelile, ephumelelē | iphumelelile, iphumelelē | ayiphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga | ingaphumelelanga |
| Class 10 | ziphumelelile, ziphumelelē | eziphumelelile, eziphumelelē | ziphumelelile, ziphumelelē | aziphumelelanga | ezingaphumelelanga | zingaphumelelanga |
| Class 11 | luphumelelile, luphumelelē | oluphumelelile, oluphumelelē | luphumelelile, luphumelelē | aluphumelelanga | olungaphumelelanga | lungaphumelelanga |
| Class 14 | buphumelelile, buphumelelē | obuphumelelile, obuphumelelē | buphumelelile, buphumelelē | abuphumelelanga | obungaphumelelanga | bungaphumelelanga |
| Class 15 | kuphumelelile, kuphumelelē | okuphumelelile, okuphumelelē | kuphumelelile, kuphumelelē | akuphumelelanga | okungaphumelelanga | kungaphumelelanga |
| Class 17 | kuphumelelile, kuphumelelē | okuphumelelile, okuphumelelē | kuphumelelile, kuphumelelē | akuphumelelanga | okungaphumelelanga | kungaphumelelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāphumelela | engāphumelela | ngāphumelela | angiphumelelanga | engingaphumelelanga | ngingaphumelelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphumelela | owāphumelela | wāphumelela | awuphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | ungaphumelelanga |
| 1st plural | sāphumelela | esāphumelela | sāphumelela | asiphumelelanga | esingaphumelelanga | singaphumelelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphumelela | enāphumelela | nāphumelela | aniphumelelanga | eningaphumelelanga | ningaphumelelanga |
| Class 1 | wāphumelela | owāphumelela | āphumelela | akaphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga |
| Class 2 | bāphumelela | abāphumelela | bāphumelela | abaphumelelanga | abangaphumelelanga | bengaphumelelanga |
| Class 3 | wāphumelela | owāphumelela | wāphumelela | awuphumelelanga | ongaphumelelanga | ungaphumelelanga |
| Class 4 | yāphumelela | eyāphumelela | yāphumelela | ayiphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga | ingaphumelelanga |
| Class 5 | lāphumelela | elāphumelela | lāphumelela | aliphumelelanga | elingaphumelelanga | lingaphumelelanga |
| Class 6 | āphumelela | āphumelela | āphumelela | awaphumelelanga | angaphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga |
| Class 7 | sāphumelela | esāphumelela | sāphumelela | asiphumelelanga | esingaphumelelanga | singaphumelelanga |
| Class 8 | zāphumelela | ezāphumelela | zāphumelela | aziphumelelanga | ezingaphumelelanga | zingaphumelelanga |
| Class 9 | yāphumelela | eyāphumelela | yāphumelela | ayiphumelelanga | engaphumelelanga | ingaphumelelanga |
| Class 10 | zāphumelela | ezāphumelela | zāphumelela | aziphumelelanga | ezingaphumelelanga | zingaphumelelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāphumelela | olwāphumelela | lwāphumelela | aluphumelelanga | olungaphumelelanga | lungaphumelelanga |
| Class 14 | bāphumelela | obāphumelela | bāphumelela | abuphumelelanga | obungaphumelelanga | bungaphumelelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāphumelela | okwāphumelela | kwāphumelela | akuphumelelanga | okungaphumelelanga | kungaphumelelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāphumelela | okwāphumelela | kwāphumelela | akuphumelelanga | okungaphumelelanga | kungaphumelelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaphumelela | — | ngingaphumelela | ngingephumelele | — | ngingephumelele |
| 2nd singular | ungaphumelela | — | ungaphumelela | ungephumelele | — | ungephumelele |
| 1st plural | singaphumelela | — | singaphumelela | singephumelele | — | singephumelele |
| 2nd plural | ningaphumelela | — | ningaphumelela | ningephumelele | — | ningephumelele |
| Class 1 | angaphumelela | — | engaphumelela | angephumelele | — | engephumelele |
| Class 2 | bangaphumelela | — | bengaphumelela | bangephumelele | — | bengephumelele |
| Class 3 | ungaphumelela | — | ungaphumelela | ungephumelele | — | ungephumelele |
| Class 4 | ingaphumelela | — | ingaphumelela | ingephumelele | — | ingephumelele |
| Class 5 | lingaphumelela | — | lingaphumelela | lingephumelele | — | lingephumelele |
| Class 6 | angaphumelela | — | engaphumelela | angephumelele | — | engephumelele |
| Class 7 | singaphumelela | — | singaphumelela | singephumelele | — | singephumelele |
| Class 8 | zingaphumelela | — | zingaphumelela | zingephumelele | — | zingephumelele |
| Class 9 | ingaphumelela | — | ingaphumelela | ingephumelele | — | ingephumelele |
| Class 10 | zingaphumelela | — | zingaphumelela | zingephumelele | — | zingephumelele |
| Class 11 | lungaphumelela | — | lungaphumelela | lungephumelele | — | lungephumelele |
| Class 14 | bungaphumelela | — | bungaphumelela | bungephumelele | — | bungephumelele |
| Class 15 | kungaphumelela | — | kungaphumelela | kungephumelele | — | kungephumelele |
| Class 17 | kungaphumelela | — | kungaphumelela | kungephumelele | — | kungephumelele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizophumelela | engizophumelela | ngizophumelela | angizuphumelela | engingezuphumelela | ngingezuphumelela |
| 2nd singular | uzophumelela | ozophumelela | uzophumelela | awuzuphumelela | ongezuphumelela | ungezuphumelela |
| 1st plural | sizophumelela | esizophumelela | sizophumelela | asizuphumelela | esingezuphumelela | singezuphumelela |
| 2nd plural | nizophumelela | enizophumelela | nizophumelela | anizuphumelela | eningezuphumelela | ningezuphumelela |
| Class 1 | uzophumelela | ozophumelela | ezophumelela | akazuphumelela | ongezuphumelela | engezuphumelela |
| Class 2 | bazophumelela | abazophumelela | bezophumelela | abazuphumelela | abangezuphumelela | bengezuphumelela |
| Class 3 | uzophumelela | ozophumelela | uzophumelela | awuzuphumelela | ongezuphumelela | ungezuphumelela |
| Class 4 | izophumelela | ezophumelela | izophumelela | ayizuphumelela | engezuphumelela | ingezuphumelela |
| Class 5 | lizophumelela | elizophumelela | lizophumelela | alizuphumelela | elingezuphumelela | lingezuphumelela |
| Class 6 | azophumelela | azophumelela | ezophumelela | awazuphumelela | angezuphumelela | engezuphumelela |
| Class 7 | sizophumelela | esizophumelela | sizophumelela | asizuphumelela | esingezuphumelela | singezuphumelela |
| Class 8 | zizophumelela | ezizophumelela | zizophumelela | azizuphumelela | ezingezuphumelela | zingezuphumelela |
| Class 9 | izophumelela | ezophumelela | izophumelela | ayizuphumelela | engezuphumelela | ingezuphumelela |
| Class 10 | zizophumelela | ezizophumelela | zizophumelela | azizuphumelela | ezingezuphumelela | zingezuphumelela |
| Class 11 | luzophumelela | oluzophumelela | luzophumelela | aluzuphumelela | olungezuphumelela | lungezuphumelela |
| Class 14 | buzophumelela | obuzophumelela | buzophumelela | abuzuphumelela | obungezuphumelela | bungezuphumelela |
| Class 15 | kuzophumelela | okuzophumelela | kuzophumelela | akuzuphumelela | okungezuphumelela | kungezuphumelela |
| Class 17 | kuzophumelela | okuzophumelela | kuzophumelela | akuzuphumelela | okungezuphumelela | kungezuphumelela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyophumelela | engiyophumelela | ngiyophumelela | angiyuphumelela | engingeyuphumelela | ngingeyuphumelela |
| 2nd singular | uyophumelela | oyophumelela | uyophumelela | awuyuphumelela | ongeyuphumelela | ungeyuphumelela |
| 1st plural | siyophumelela | esiyophumelela | siyophumelela | asiyuphumelela | esingeyuphumelela | singeyuphumelela |
| 2nd plural | niyophumelela | eniyophumelela | niyophumelela | aniyuphumelela | eningeyuphumelela | ningeyuphumelela |
| Class 1 | uyophumelela | oyophumelela | eyophumelela | akayuphumelela | ongeyuphumelela | engeyuphumelela |
| Class 2 | bayophumelela | abayophumelela | beyophumelela | abayuphumelela | abangeyuphumelela | bengeyuphumelela |
| Class 3 | uyophumelela | oyophumelela | uyophumelela | awuyuphumelela | ongeyuphumelela | ungeyuphumelela |
| Class 4 | iyophumelela | eyophumelela | iyophumelela | ayiyuphumelela | engeyuphumelela | ingeyuphumelela |
| Class 5 | liyophumelela | eliyophumelela | liyophumelela | aliyuphumelela | elingeyuphumelela | lingeyuphumelela |
| Class 6 | ayophumelela | ayophumelela | eyophumelela | awayuphumelela | angeyuphumelela | engeyuphumelela |
| Class 7 | siyophumelela | esiyophumelela | siyophumelela | asiyuphumelela | esingeyuphumelela | singeyuphumelela |
| Class 8 | ziyophumelela | eziyophumelela | ziyophumelela | aziyuphumelela | ezingeyuphumelela | zingeyuphumelela |
| Class 9 | iyophumelela | eyophumelela | iyophumelela | ayiyuphumelela | engeyuphumelela | ingeyuphumelela |
| Class 10 | ziyophumelela | eziyophumelela | ziyophumelela | aziyuphumelela | ezingeyuphumelela | zingeyuphumelela |
| Class 11 | luyophumelela | oluyophumelela | luyophumelela | aluyuphumelela | olungeyuphumelela | lungeyuphumelela |
| Class 14 | buyophumelela | obuyophumelela | buyophumelela | abuyuphumelela | obungeyuphumelela | bungeyuphumelela |
| Class 15 | kuyophumelela | okuyophumelela | kuyophumelela | akuyuphumelela | okungeyuphumelela | kungeyuphumelela |
| Class 17 | kuyophumelela | okuyophumelela | kuyophumelela | akuyuphumelela | okungeyuphumelela | kungeyuphumelela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiphumelele | ngingaphumeleli |
| 2nd singular | uphumelele | ungaphumeleli |
| 1st plural | siphumelele | singaphumeleli |
| 2nd plural | niphumelele | ningaphumeleli |
| Class 1 | aphumelele | angaphumeleli |
| Class 2 | baphumelele | bangaphumeleli |
| Class 3 | uphumelele | ungaphumeleli |
| Class 4 | iphumelele | ingaphumeleli |
| Class 5 | liphumelele | lingaphumeleli |
| Class 6 | aphumelele | angaphumeleli |
| Class 7 | siphumelele | singaphumeleli |
| Class 8 | ziphumelele | zingaphumeleli |
| Class 9 | iphumelele | ingaphumeleli |
| Class 10 | ziphumelele | zingaphumeleli |
| Class 11 | luphumelele | lungaphumeleli |
| Class 14 | buphumelele | bungaphumeleli |
| Class 15 | kuphumelele | kungaphumeleli |
| Class 17 | kuphumelele | kungaphumeleli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaphumelela | ngangaphumelela, angaphumelela, angangaphumelela |
| 2nd singular | waphumelela | wangaphumelela, awaphumelela, awangaphumelela |
| 1st plural | saphumelela | sangaphumelela, asaphumelela, asangaphumelela |
| 2nd plural | naphumelela | nangaphumelela, anaphumelela, anangaphumelela |
| Class 1 | waphumelela | wangaphumelela, akaphumelela, akangaphumelela |
| Class 2 | baphumelela | bangaphumelela, abaphumelela, abangaphumelela |
| Class 3 | waphumelela | wangaphumelela, awaphumelela, awangaphumelela |
| Class 4 | yaphumelela | yangaphumelela, ayaphumelela, ayangaphumelela |
| Class 5 | laphumelela | langaphumelela, alaphumelela, alangaphumelela |
| Class 6 | aphumelela | angaphumelela, awaphumelela, awangaphumelela |
| Class 7 | saphumelela | sangaphumelela, asaphumelela, asangaphumelela |
| Class 8 | zaphumelela | zangaphumelela, azaphumelela, azangaphumelela |
| Class 9 | yaphumelela | yangaphumelela, ayaphumelela, ayangaphumelela |
| Class 10 | zaphumelela | zangaphumelela, azaphumelela, azangaphumelela |
| Class 11 | lwaphumelela | lwangaphumelela, alwaphumelela, alwangaphumelela |
| Class 14 | baphumelela | bangaphumelela, abaphumelela, abangaphumelela |
| Class 15 | kwaphumelela | kwangaphumelela, akwaphumelela, akwangaphumelela |
| Class 17 | kwaphumelela | kwangaphumelela, akwaphumelela, akwangaphumelela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phumelela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phumelela (3.3.2.9)”