# sophus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek σοφός (sophós, adjective). Compare to Latin sapiēns (adjective).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈso.pʰus/, [ˈs̠ɔpʰʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈso.fus/, [ˈsɔːfus]

### Adjective

sophus (feminine sopha, neuter sophum); first/second-declension adjective
* Wise, sage, shrewd.
** c. 15 BCE – c. 50 CE, Phaedrus (fabulist), Fabulae 3.14.9–11:Tum victor sophus: ¶ Cito rumpes arcum semper si tensum habueris; ¶ At si laxaris, cum voles erit utilis.
** Ælfric Bata, edited by Scott Gwara and translated into English by David W. Porter, Anglo-Saxon Conversations: The colloquies of Ælfric Bata, 1997, page 184f.:
    Consultius est uobis esse sophos quam stolidos et ebetes [= hebetes] uel inertes et ignaros.
       It is better for you to be wise than foolish, dull, lazy or ignorant.

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.
Note: The feminine and the neuter forms are unattested.

### Noun

sophus m (genitive sophī); second declension
* A wise man, a sage.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | sophus | sophī |
| Genitive | sophī | sophōrum |
| Dative | sophō | sophīs |
| Accusative | sophum | sophōs |
| Ablative | sophō | sophīs |
| Vocative | sophe | sophī |
Note: Several inflected forms could belong to both sophos and sophus, as for example the genitive plural sophōrum in this medieval text:
* Monumenta Germaniae historicae. Poetarum latinorum medii aevi tomus I. – Poetae latini aevi Carolini. Tomus I edited by Ernestus Duemmler, Berlin, 1881, page 294 containing Alcuinus (or Albinus), carmina, LXXII:
    [...] simul argumenta sophorum, [...]
A form which only belongs to sophus and not to sophos occurs in these medieval mentionings:
* Classicorum auctorum e vaticanis codibus editorum tomus VIII: Thesaurus novus latinatis, sive lexicon vetus e membranis nunc primum erutum, edited by A. M. (= Angelus Maius), Roma, 1836, page 544 (first and second declension adjective are commonly mentioned as ...us, a, um in it) – this work is elsewhere attributed to Osbern of Gloucester, in German to Osbern von Gloucester with the title "Panormia oder Derivationes":
    [...] inde hic sophus † sapiens [...]
* Uguccione da Pisa – Derivationes – Edizione critica princeps a cura di Enzo Cecchini, 2004 containing the Derivationes by Hugutio Pisanus or Huguccio Pisanus (Italian Uguccione da Pisa, English Huguccio of Pisa, Hugutio of Pisa or Hugh of Pisa):
    SOPHOS grece, latine dicitur sapiens vel cautus, sapienter dictus, et versa -os in -us dicitur hic sophus -phi, idest sapiens;

#### Alternative forms

* sophos

#### References

* “sŏphus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “sophus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* sophus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* sophus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
* "sophos", in James Bailey, ed., The universal Latin lexicon of Facciolauts and Forcellinus, new ed., London : Baldwin and Cradock, 1828, v. 2, p. 585. →OCLC.
* "sŏphŏs or sŏphŭs", in Frederick Percival Leverett, ed., A new and copious lexicon of the Latin language, new ed., Boston: Bazin & Ellsworth, 1850, v. 1, p. 836. →OCLC.
* "Sophus", in Charles Anthon, A Latin-English and English-Latin dictionary, for the use of schools, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1852 (1853 printing), p. 830. →OCLC.
* "Sŏphus (-ŏs)" in James R. V. Marchant, Joseph F. Charles, eds., Cassell's Latin dictionary, New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1953 printing, p. 532. →OCLC.
* "sŏphos or sŏphus", in George R. Crooks, Alexander J. Schem, eds., A new Latin-English school lexicon : on the basis of the Latin-German lexicon of Dr. C. F. Ingerslev, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1867, p. 850. →OCLC.