# jü
## Kamkata-viri
### Alternative forms

* juk (Western Kata-viri)

### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *jūtā, from earlier *duyitā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰúgʰHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒy/

### Noun

jü f (Kamviri)
* daughter

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “ǰ′ü”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## North Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jʏ/

### Pronoun

jü
* (Mooring, Sylt) she (third-person singular feminine personal pronoun)
    Jü as min süster. ― She is my sister.

#### Usage notes

* On Föhr and Amrum this pronoun is obsolete like the article form; see below. The pronoun hat is used instead.

#### Alternative forms

* 's (reduced form)

#### See also

| | | personal | personal | personal | personal | possessive | possessive |
| | | subject case | subject case | object case | object case | masculine referent | feminine / neuter / plural referent |
| | | full | reduced | full | reduced | masculine referent | feminine / neuter / plural referent |
| singular | 1st | ik | 'k | me | me | man | min | min |
| singular | 2nd | dü | – | de | de | dan | din | din |
| singular | 3rd m. | hi | 'r | ham | 'n | san | sin | sin |
| singular | 3rd f. | jü | 's | har | 's | harn | har |
| singular | 3rd n. | hat | et, 't | ham | et, 't | san | sin | sin |
| plural | 1st | we | we | üs | üs | üüsen | üüs |
| plural | 2nd | jam | 'm | jam | jam | jarnge | jarnge |
| plural | 3rd | ja | 's | ja, jam | 's | jare | jare |
| notes | notes | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring. |
| | | personal | personal | personal | personal | possessive | possessive | possessive |
| | | subject case | subject case | object case | object case | singular referent | plural referent | plural referent |
| | | full | reduced | full | reduced | singular referent | attributive | independent |
| singular | 1st | ik | 'k | mi | mi | min | min | minen |
| singular | 2nd | dü | – | di | di | din | din | dinen |
| singular | 3rd m. | hi | 'r | höm | 'n | sin | sin | sinen |
| singular | 3rd f. | jü | 's | höör | 's | höör | höör | höören |
| singular | 3rd n. | hat | et, 't | höm | et, 't | sin | sin | sinen |
| dual | 1st | wat | wat | unk | unk | unk | unk | unken |
| dual | 2nd | at | at | junk | junk | junk | junk | junken |
| dual | 3rd | jat | jat | jam | 's | jaar | jaar | jaaren |
| plural | 1st | wü | wü | üüs | üüs | üüs | üüs | üüsen |
| plural | 2nd | i | i | juu | juu | juu | juu | juuen |
| plural | 3rd | ja | 's | jam | 's | jaar | jaar | jaaren |
| notes | notes | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. |

### Article

jü
* (Mooring) the (feminine singular, full form)
    Coordinate term: (reduced) e

#### Usage notes

* On Föhr and Amrum, the form jü was still attested in the 19th century, but is now obsolete. The feminine gender has been merged into the neuter; see det.
* On Sylt, the feminine has been merged into the masculine instead; see di.

#### See also

| | | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural |
| definite / demonstrative | full | di | jü | dåt | da |
| definite / demonstrative | reduced | e | e | et | e |
| indefinite / numeral | full | ån | iinj | iinj | — |
| indefinite / numeral | reduced | en | en | en | | — |
| negative | negative | nån | niinj | niinj | niinj |
| The reduced neuter article et may contract with most prepositions. Such contractions are spelt as single words, e.g. önjt (“in the”). ||||||

## Volapük
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃy/

### Preposition

jü
* until
** 1931, Arie de Jong, Gramat Volapüka, § 256:Poszedelo de düp telid jü folid.From two till four o’clock in the afternoon.
** 1937, “‚Johann Martin Schleyer’”, in Volapükagased pro Nedänapükans, page 34:De 1852 jü 1855 ästudom in niver tö ‚Freiburg im Breisgau’ Godavi, pükavi, filosopi, jenavi e sanavi.From 1852 to 1855 he studied theology, philology, philosophy, history and medicine at the University of Freiburg im Breisgau.