# ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ (xōteb) — Bohairic
* ϩⲱⲧⲃ (hōtb) — Sahidic
* ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ (hoteb) — Fayyumic
* ϩⲱⲧⲃⲉ (hōtbe) — Lycopolitan
* ⳉⲱⲧⲃⲉ (xōtbe) — Akhmimic

### Etymology

Inherited from Demotic ẖtb (“to kill”), from Egyptian ẖdb (“to kill”).

### Verb

ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ • (hōteb) (nominal state ϩⲁⲧⲉⲃ-, pronominal state ϩⲁⲧⲃ⸗)
* (Fayyumic, transitive, intransitive) to kill

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ hōteb | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ hōteb |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ štemhōteb | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲡⲉⲗϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpelhōteb, pelhōteb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tihōteb | ⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ khōteb | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tehōteb | ϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ fhōteb | ⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ shōteb | ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tenhōteb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tetenhōteb | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ sehōteb | ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ hōteb |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eihōteb | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ekhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ elehōteb | ⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ efhōteb | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eshōteb | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ enhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eletenhōteb | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ euhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ele- hōteb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etihōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etekhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etefhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eteshōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etetenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etouhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ete- hōteb, etele- hōteb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ naihōteb | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nakhōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nalehōteb | ⲛⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nafhōteb | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nashōteb | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nanhōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ naletenhōteb | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nauhōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nale- hōteb |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aihōteb | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ akhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ alehōteb | ⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ afhōteb | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ashōteb | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ anhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aletenhōteb | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ auhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ale- hōteb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tinehōteb | ⲕⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ knehōteb | ⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tenehōteb | ϥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ fnehōteb | ⲥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ snehōteb | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tennehōteb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tetennehōteb | ⲥⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ senehōteb | ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nehōteb |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ einehōteb | ⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eknehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ elenehōteb | ⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ efnehōteb | ⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ esnehōteb | ⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ennehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eletennehōteb | ⲉⲩⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eunehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ele- nehōteb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etinehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eteknehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etenehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etefnehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etesnehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etennehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etetennehōteb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etounehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etele- nehōteb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nainehōteb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ naknehōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nalenehōteb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nafnehōteb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nasnehōteb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nannehōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ naletennehōteb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ naunehōteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nale- nehōteb |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ainehōteb | ⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aknehōteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ alenehōteb | ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ afnehōteb | ⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ asnehōteb | ⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ annehōteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aletennehōteb | ⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aunehōteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ale- nehōteb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aihōteb | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ akhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ alehōteb | ⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ afhōteb | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ashōteb | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ anhōteb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ atetenhōteb | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ auhōteb | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ a- hōteb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpihōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpekhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpehōteb | ⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpefhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeshōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpenhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpetenhōteb | ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpouhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpe- hōteb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eaihōteb | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eakhōteb | ⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ealehōteb | ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eafhōteb | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eashōteb | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eanhōteb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eatetenhōteb | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eauhōteb | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ea- hōteb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empihōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empekhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empehōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empefhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empeshōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empetenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empouhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empe- hōteb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntaihōteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntakhōteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntalehōteb | ⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntafhōteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntashōteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntanhōteb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etaletenhōteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntauhōteb | ⲛⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nta- hōteb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempihōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempekhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempefhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempeshōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempetenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempouhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempe- hōteb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneaihōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneakhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnealehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneafhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneashōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneanhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneatetenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneauhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnea- hōteb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempihōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempekhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempefhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempeshōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempetenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempouhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempe- hōteb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aaihōteb | ⲁⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aakhōteb | ⲁⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aalehōteb | ⲁⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aafhōteb | ⲁⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aashōteb | ⲁⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aanhōteb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etaletenhōteb | ⲁⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aauhōteb | ⲁⲁ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aa- hōteb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatihōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatekhōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatehōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatefhōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpateshōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatenhōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatetenhōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpatouhōteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpate- hōteb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatihōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatekhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatehōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatefhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empateshōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatetenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empatouhōteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ empate- hōteb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatihōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatekhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatefhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempateshōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatetenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempatouhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etempate- hōteb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatihōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatekhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatefhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempateshōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatetenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempatouhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnempate- hōteb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šaihōteb | ϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šakhōteb | ϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šalehōteb | ϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šafhōteb | ϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šashōteb | ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šanhōteb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šatetenhōteb | ϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šauhōteb | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šale- hōteb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ meihōteb | ⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mekhōteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ melehōteb | ⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mefhōteb | ⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ meshōteb | ⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ menhōteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ meletenhōteb | ⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ meuhōteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mele- hōteb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešaihōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešakhōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešalehōteb | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešafhōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešashōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešanhōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešatetenhōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešauhōteb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ešale- hōteb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emeihōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emekhōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emelehōteb | ⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emefhōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emeshōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emeletenhōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emeuhōteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ emele- hōteb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešaihōteb, nšaihōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešakhōteb, nšakhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešalehōteb, nšalehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešafhōteb, nšafhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešashōteb, nšashōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešanhōteb, nšanhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešatetenhōteb, nšatetenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešauhōteb, nšauhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etešale- hōteb, nšale- hōteb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemeihōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemekhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemelehōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemefhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemeshōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemeletenhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemeuhōteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ etemele- hōteb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešaihōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešakhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešalehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešafhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešashōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešanhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešatetenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešauhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnešale- hōteb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemeihōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemekhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemelehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemefhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemeshōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemeletenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemeuhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnemele- hōteb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmeihōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmekhōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmelehōteb | ⲛⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmefhōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmeshōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmenhōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmeletenhōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmeuhōteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nmele- hōteb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eiehōteb | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ekehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ elehōteb | ⲉϥⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ efehōteb | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ esehōteb | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ enehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eletenehōteb | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ euehōteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ele- hōteb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnahōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnekhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnehōteb | ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnefhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nneshōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnetenhōteb | ⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nnouhōteb | ⲛⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nne- hōteb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ malihōteb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ malefhōteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ maleshōteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ malenhōteb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ malouhōteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ male- hōteb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrihōteb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrefhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltreshōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrenhōteb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltreuhōteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ mpeltre- hōteb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tahōteb, ntahōteb | ⲛⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nkhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntehōteb | ⲛϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nfhōteb | ⲛⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nshōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntenhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntetenhōteb | ⲛⲥⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nsehōteb | ⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nte- hōteb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talihōteb, ntalihōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talekhōteb, ntalekhōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talehōteb, ntalehōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talefhōteb, ntalefhōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ taleshōteb, ntaleshōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talenhōteb, ntalenhōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ taletenhōteb, ntaletenhōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ talouhōteb, ntalouhōteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ tale- hōteb, ntale- hōteb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelihōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelekhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelehōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelefhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nteleshōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelenhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ nteletenhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntelouhōteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ntele- hōteb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantihōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantekhōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantehōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantefhōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šanteshōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantenhōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantetenhōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šantouhōteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ šante- hōteb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eišanhōteb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ekšanhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ elešanhōteb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ efšanhōteb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ esšanhōteb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ enšanhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eletenšanhōteb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ eušanhōteb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ elešan- hōteb, elšan- hōteb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aihōteb | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ akhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ alehōteb | ⲁϥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ afhōteb | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ashōteb | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ anhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ aletenhōteb | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ auhōteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ale- hōteb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |