# este
## English
### Noun

este (usually uncountable, plural estes)
* Alternative form of est

### Anagrams

* Sète, Tees, see't, stee, tees

## Aragonese
### Alternative forms

* iste

### Etymology

From Latin iste (“that”). Cognate to Spanish este (“this”).

### Determiner

este
* this

## Asturian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

### Noun

este m (plural estes)
* east

## Catalan
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin iste. Cf. Spanish este.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈes.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈes.te]

### Determiner

este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)
* (Valencia) this

#### Related terms

* aquest

### Pronoun

este (feminine esta, masculine and feminine plural estos)
* (Valencia) this (one), (in the plural) these (ones)

### See also

| Grade | Grade | determiner | pronoun | locative |
| 1st | near | aquest, este$^1$ | açò$^2$, ço$^1$ | ací$^1$ |
| 2nd | neutral | aqueix$^1$, eixe$^1$ | això | aquí, ahí$^2$ |
| 3rd | remote | aquell | allò | allà, allí |
| $^{1)}$ Dialectal, archaic in other dialects $^{2)}$ Valencian |||||

## Corsican
### Alternative forms

* est

### Etymology

Borrowed from French est. Cognates include Italian est and Spanish este.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛste/
* Hyphenation: es‧te

### Noun

este m (uncountable)
* east

### References

* “este, est” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

## Creek
### Pronunciation

* (Oklahoma) IPA: [ɪ́stɪ]
* Hyphenation: es‧te

### Pronoun

este
* someone, one

### Noun

este
* person

#### Derived terms

* estecate
* wotkoeste

### References

* J. B. Martin, M. McKane Mauldrin (2004) A dictionary of Creek/Muscogee, University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 33
* J. B. Martin (2011) A grammar of Creek (Muscogee), University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 30

## Elfdalian
### Noun

este
* indefinite dative singular of est

## Finnish
### Etymology

estää (“to prevent, obstruct”) +‎ -e

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈesteˣ/, [ˈe̞s̠te̞(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -este
* Hyphenation: es‧te

### Noun

este
* obstacle, barrier, hindrance, obstruction, impediment
    avioliiton este ― impediment to marriage
* (law) impediment, bar, excuse
    pätevä este ― valid impediment
* (athletics) hurdle

#### Declension

Possessive forms of este (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
esteeni
esteeni
accusative
nom.
esteeni
esteeni
gen.
esteeni
genitive
esteeni
esteideni esteitteni
partitive
estettäni
esteitäni
inessive
esteessäni
esteissäni
elative
esteestäni
esteistäni
illative
esteeseeni
esteisiini esteihini
adessive
esteelläni
esteilläni
ablative
esteeltäni
esteiltäni
allative
esteelleni
esteilleni
essive
esteenäni
esteinäni
translative
esteekseni
esteikseni
abessive
esteettäni
esteittäni
instructive
comitative
—esteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
esteesi
esteesi
accusative
nom.
esteesi
esteesi
gen.
esteesi
genitive
esteesi
esteidesi esteittesi
partitive
estettäsi
esteitäsi
inessive
esteessäsi
esteissäsi
elative
esteestäsi
esteistäsi
illative
esteeseesi
esteisiisi esteihisi
adessive
esteelläsi
esteilläsi
ablative
esteeltäsi
esteiltäsi
allative
esteellesi
esteillesi
essive
esteenäsi
esteinäsi
translative
esteeksesi
esteiksesi
abessive
esteettäsi
esteittäsi
instructive
comitative
—esteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
esteemme
esteemme
accusative
nom.
esteemme
esteemme
gen.
esteemme
genitive
esteemme
esteidemme esteittemme
partitive
estettämme
esteitämme
inessive
esteessämme
esteissämme
elative
esteestämme
esteistämme
illative
esteeseemme
esteisiimme esteihimme
adessive
esteellämme
esteillämme
ablative
esteeltämme
esteiltämme
allative
esteellemme
esteillemme
essive
esteenämme
esteinämme
translative
esteeksemme
esteiksemme
abessive
esteettämme
esteittämme
instructive
comitative
—esteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
esteenne
esteenne
accusative
nom.
esteenne
esteenne
gen.
esteenne
genitive
esteenne
esteidenne esteittenne
partitive
estettänne
esteitänne
inessive
esteessänne
esteissänne
elative
esteestänne
esteistänne
illative
esteeseenne
esteisiinne esteihinne
adessive
esteellänne
esteillänne
ablative
esteeltänne
esteiltänne
allative
esteellenne
esteillenne
essive
esteenänne
esteinänne
translative
esteeksenne
esteiksenne
abessive
esteettänne
esteittänne
instructive
comitative
—esteinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
esteensä
esteensä
accusative
nom.
esteensä
esteensä
gen.
esteensä
genitive
esteensä
esteidensä esteittensä
partitive
estettään estettänsä
esteitään esteitänsä
inessive
esteessään esteessänsä
esteissään esteissänsä
elative
esteestään esteestänsä
esteistään esteistänsä
illative
esteeseensä
esteisiinsä esteihinsä
adessive
esteellään esteellänsä
esteillään esteillänsä
ablative
esteeltään esteeltänsä
esteiltään esteiltänsä
allative
esteelleen esteellensä
esteilleen esteillensä
essive
esteenään esteenänsä
esteinään esteinänsä
translative
esteekseen esteeksensä
esteikseen esteiksensä
abessive
esteettään esteettänsä
esteittään esteittänsä
instructive
comitative
—esteineen esteinensä :

#### Derived terms

* esteellinen
* esteetön
* -esteinen
* ajoeste
* avioeste
* esteaita
* estefunktio
* estejuoksija
* estejuoksu
* esterata
* esteratsastus
* estesatula
* hiekkaeste
* jääeste
* kuivaeste
* liikkumiseste
* liikuntaeste
* liukueste
* liukuesterengas
* lukemiseste
* maastoeste
* melueste
* näköeste
* panssarieste
* piikkilankaeste
* risteytymiseste
* työeste
* veri-aivoeste
* vesieste
* vesistöeste

#### Related terms

* esto
* estyä
* estää

### Further reading

* “este”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* Seet, seet, tees

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* iste

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese este, from Latin iste.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈestɪ]
* Rhymes: -estɪ, -este
* Hyphenation: es‧te

### Determiner

este m (feminine singular esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto)
* this
    Este libro é meu ― This book is mine

### References

* “este”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “este”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “este”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “este”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* estve (folksy, archaic)

### Etymology

The adverb sense is from the former est (“evening”) +‎ -vel (“with”) (a derivation similar to reggel or tavasszal). First the final -l wore off and the adverb estve (“in the evening”) was used for a long time (still in use today in dialects), later the -v was dropped. The noun sense became independent from the compound word napeste (“sunset”, literally “the fall of the sun”). The noun est is from the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) +‎ -t (noun-forming suffix). The es- stem is from Proto-Uralic *ećɜ- (“to fall”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛʃtɛ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: es‧te
* Rhymes: -tɛ

### Adverb

este (not comparable)
* in the evening (from approximately 6 p.m. until going to bed; depends on working hours, daylight length, etc.)

#### Usage notes

Adverbs of temporal nouns     (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time) :
| no suffix (the noun can act as an adverb) | nappal (“daytime”), reggel (“early morning”), délelőtt (“late morning”), délután (“afternoon”), este (“evening”), éjjel / éjszaka (“night”), and vasárnap (“Sunday”) |
| -kor (“at”) | pirkadat / virradat (“dawn”), napkelte (“sunrise”), napnyugta (“sunset”), alkonyat (“dusk”), szürkület (“twilight”), éjfél (“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (“Easter”) etc.) |
| -ban/-ben (“in”) | dél (“noon”), hajnal (“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) and hónap (“month”), évszak (“season”), év (“year”) and specific years, évtized (“decade”) and longer periods |
| -n/-on/-en/-ön (“on”) | days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (“1st”), másodika (“2nd”) etc.), nap (“day”), hét (“week”), nyár (“summer”), and tél (“winter”) |
| -val/-vel (“with”, assimilated: -szal/-szel) | tavasz (“spring”), ősz (“autumn, fall”) |

### Noun

este (plural esték)
* evening
    Synonym: (currently used in a narrower sense) est

#### Declension

For the terminative, estig is the most common form.

#### Derived terms

* esteledik
* esténként
* karácsonyeste
* szenteste
* csap egy görbe estét
* estéről estére

### Noun

este
* the fall (of someone or something)
    Synonyms: esése, dőlése
* (poetic) the downfall (of someone or something)

#### Declension

It most commonly occurs today in the form estében (“as he/she/it falls/fell”).

### References

* ↑ Compare Az estve (’The Evening’) by Mihály Csokonai (1794), with English translation
* ↑ este in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
* ↑ est in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

### Further reading

* (evening): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* ([down]fall [of something]): este in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* este in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.ste/
* Rhymes: -ɛste
* Hyphenation: è‧ste

### Verb

este
* (Old Italian) Alternative form of è (“[he/she/it] is”), third-person singular present indicative of essere
** 1265 August 11, Rainerio Scorcialupi, Trattato di pace fra i pisani e l'emiro di Tunisi [Peace treaty between the Pisan and the emir of Tunis]‎, Prologus pacis; collected in Ernesto Monaci, editor, Crestomazia italiana dei primi secoli, con prospetto delle inflessioni grammaticali e glossario, volume 1, Città di Castello: S. Lapi, 1889, page 166:[…] questa pace, la quale este fermata per lo comandamento altissimo […] […] this peace, which is signed by highest command […]

#### Derived terms

* califfato

## Latin
### Etymology 1

Form of the verb edō (“I eat”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈeːs.te/, [ˈeːs̠t̪ɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈes.te/, [ˈɛst̪e]

#### Verb

ēste
* second-person plural present active imperative of edō

### Etymology 2

Form of the verb sum (“I am”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈes.te/, [ˈɛs̠t̪ɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈes.te/, [ˈɛst̪e]

#### Verb

este
* second-person plural present active imperative of sum

## Livvi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Finnish este.

### Noun

este (genitive estien, partitive estettu)
* obstacle

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English ēst, from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz.

#### Alternative forms

* est

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛːst(ə)/, /ˈeːst(ə)/

#### Noun

este (plural estes or esten)
* grace, est, favour
* pleasure, enjoyment, fun
* delicacy, delicious food

##### Descendants

* English: est, este (obsolete)

##### References

* “ēste, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.

#### Adjective

este
* good, pleasant

##### References

* “ēste, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 29-03-2018.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

este
* Alternative form of heste (“directive”)

## Mirandese
### Etymology

From Latin iste.

### Pronoun

este m (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)
* this

#### Synonyms

* aqueste

#### See also

Mirandese demonstratives :
| | | Pronouns | Pronouns | Pronouns | Pronouns | Pronouns | Adverbs |
| | | Singular | Singular | Plural | Plural | Neuter | Adverbs |
| | | Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Adverbs |
| Proximal | X | este, aqueste | esta, aquesta | estes, aquestes | estas, aquestas | isto, aquisto | eiqui, acá |
| Proximal | de + X | deste, daqueste | desta, daquesta | destes, daquestes | destas, daquestas | disto, daquisto | deiqui |
| Proximal | an + X | neste, naqueste | nesta, naquesta | nestes, naquestes | nestas, naquestas | nisto, naquisto | — |
| Medial | X | esse, aquesse | essa, aquessa | esses, aquesses | essas, aquessas | isso, aquisso | alhi, eilhi |
| Medial | de + X | desse, daquesse | dessa, daquessa | desses, daquesses | dessas, daquessas | disso, daquisso | dalhi, deilhi |
| Medial | an + X | nesse, naquesse | nessa, naquessa | nesses, naquesses | nessas, naquessas | nisso, naquisso | — |
| Distal | X | aquel | aqueilha | aqueilhes | aqueilhas | aqueilho, aquilho | alhi, alhá |
| Distal | de + X | daquel | daqueilha | daqueilhes | daqueilhas | daqueilho, daquilho | dalhi, dalhá |
| Distal | an + X | naquel | naqueilha | naqueilhes | naqueilhas | naqueilho, naquilho | — |

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeːs.te/

### Noun

ēste
* inflection of ēst:
** dative/genitive singular
** nominative plural
** accusative singular/plural

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese este (displacing collateral form aqueste), from Latin iste.

#### Alternative forms

* êste (pre-reform spelling)

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.t͡ʃi/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈeʃ.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈeʃ.tɨ/
* (Northeast Brazil) IPA: /ˈeʃ.tɪ/
* Audio (São Paulo):(file)
* Hyphenation: es‧te

#### Determiner

este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas)
* this (indicates something or someone nearby)
* that (indicates something or someone just mentioned)
* this (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
* (of a unit of time) this (which is current)
** 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 127:A segurança está cem vezes mais rigorosa este verão.The security is a hundred times more severe this summer.

#### Pronoun

este (feminine esta, masculine plural estes, feminine plural estas, neuter isto) (definite demonstrative pronoun)
* this one (indicates something or someone nearby)
* this one (indicates something or someone about to be mentioned)
* (of a unit of time) this (which is current)

##### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

##### See also
#### References
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛs.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛs.t͡ʃi/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈɛʃ.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛs.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɛʃ.tɨ/
* Hyphenation: es‧te

#### Noun

este m (uncountable)
* east (one of the four principal compass points)
    Synonyms: leste, nascente, oriente

##### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

##### Coordinate terms

compass points: pontos cardeais:
| noroeste | norte | nordeste |
| oeste poente ocidente | | leste este nascente oriente |
| sudoeste | sul | sudeste |

#### Adjective

este m or f (plural estes)
* eastern (of, situated in, or coming from the east)

##### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:este.

##### Synonyms

* eoo (archaic), leste, oriental

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* есте (Post-1930s (Moldavian) Cyrillic spelling)

### Etymology

From Latin est with an epenthetic vowel, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Its similarity to Serbo-Croatian jeste is partially a coincidence.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjes.te/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -este
* Hyphenation: es‧te

### Verb

este
* third-person singular present indicative of fi: he/she is
    Ea este o femeie foarte frumoasă.She is a very beautiful woman.

#### Synonyms

* e

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeste/ [ˈes.t̪e]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -este
* Syllabification: es‧te

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin iste.

#### Determiner

este m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estas)
* this

#### Pronoun

este m sg (demonstrative, feminine esta, neuter esto, feminine plural estas, masculine plural estos, neuter plural estos)
* Alternative spelling of éste

##### Usage notes

* The unaccented form can function as a pronoun if it can be unambiguously deduced as such from context.

##### Coordinate terms

* aquel
* aquella
* aquellas
* aquello
* aquellos
* esa
* esas
* ese
* eso
* esos
* esta
* estas
* esto
* estos

##### Derived terms

* a todo esto
* de esta
* este último

##### See also

| | | | | nominative | dative | accusative | disjunctive |
| first person | singular | singular | singular | yo | me | me | mí$^1$ |
| first person | plural | masculine$^2$ | masculine$^2$ | nosotros | nos | nos | nosotros |
| first person | plural | feminine | feminine | nosotras | nos | nos | nosotras |
| second person | singular | tuteo | tuteo | tú | te | te | ti$^1$ |
| second person | singular | voseo | voseo | vos | te | te | vos |
| second person | singular | formal$^3$ | formal$^3$ | usted | le, se$^4$ | lo/la$^5$ | usted |
| second person | plural | familiar$^6$ | masculine$^2$ | vosotros | os | os | vosotros |
| second person | plural | familiar$^6$ | feminine | vosotras | os | os | vosotras |
| second person | plural | formal/general$^3$ | formal/general$^3$ | ustedes | les, se$^4$ | los/las$^5$ | ustedes |
| third person | singular | masculine$^2$ | masculine$^2$ | él | le, se$^4$ | lo | él |
| third person | singular | feminine | feminine | ella | le, se$^4$ | la | ella |
| third person | singular | neuter | neuter | ello$^7$ | le, se$^4$ | lo | ello |
| third person | plural | masculine$^2$ | masculine$^2$ | ellos | les, se$^4$ | los | ellos |
| third person | plural | feminine | feminine | ellas | les, se$^4$ | las | ellas |
| third person | reflexive | reflexive | reflexive | — | se | se | sí$^1$ |
* Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
* Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
* Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
* If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
* Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
* Used primarily in Spain
* Used only in rare circumstances

#### Interjection

este
* uh, well (space filler in a conversation)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”), therefore related to English east and Spanish Austria.

#### Noun

este m (uncountable)
* east
    Synonym: oriente
    Antonyms: oeste, occidente

##### Coordinate terms

compass points: puntos cardinales:
| noroeste | norte | noreste |
| oeste | | este |
| suroeste | sur | sureste |

#### See also

* oriental

### Further reading

* “este”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* tese

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈʔeste/ [ˈʔɛs.t̪ɛ]
* Rhymes: -este
* Syllabification: es‧te

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish este (“uh; um”, interjection/filler).

#### Particle

este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)
* I mean
    Pupunta ako sa panaderya, este, restawran.I am going to the bakery, I mean, the restaurant.

##### Derived terms

* este-este
* umeste

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish este (“east”).

#### Noun

este (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)
* (uncommon) east (compass point)
    Synonyms: silangan, oryente
** 1985, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Mga tula at tilamsik ng diwa:At, sa angkan naman ng ating First Lady, si Kokoy, na siyang governor ng Leyte, Ay embahador pa sa lahat ng parte - Sa este't oeste, sa sur at sa norte!(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Coordinate terms

compass points:
| hilagang kanluran norweste | hilaga norte | hilagang silangan nordeste |
| oksidente kanluran oeste | | oryente silangan este |
| salatan timog-kanluran | sur timog | timog-silangan |

##### Derived terms

* Este

##### Related terms

* norte
* oeste
* sur

### Further reading

* “este”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French ester.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɛt̚˧˦ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛt̚˧˦ tɛ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ tɛ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɛk̚˦˥ stɛ˧˧], [ʔɛk̚˦˥ tɛ˧˧]
* Phonetic spelling: ét xte, ét te

### Noun

este
* (organic chemistry) an ester

## Zazaki
### Etymology

Related to Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi) (asthi)

### Noun

este
* bone
* ↑ “este”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “este”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025