# tren
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɹɛn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛn

### Noun

tren (uncountable)
* (bodybuilding slang) Clipping of trenbolone (a steroid used to increase muscle growth).
** 2022 June 28, Jamie Millar, “'SARM Goblins': The Young Men Hooked on Steroids”, in VICE‎, archived from the original on 2023-11-07:While on "tren" (trenbolone acetate), one of the most potent steroids, [Tom] Powell couldn't keep a hard-on as long as he wanted. He had night sweats and nightmares.

#### Derived terms

* tren goblin
* trensomnia

### Anagrams

* tern, Rent, Tern, rent

## Albanian
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tren m (plural trena, definite treni, definite plural trenat)
* train

## Aragonese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾen/
* Rhymes: -en
* Syllabification: tren

### Noun

tren m (plural trens)
* train

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “tren”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

## Asturian
### Etymology

From French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾen/ [ˈt̪ɾẽŋ]
* Rhymes: -en
* Hyphenation: tren

### Noun

tren m (plural trenes)
* (transport, railway) train

## Basque
### Etymology

From French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tren/ [t̪rẽn]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -en
* Hyphenation: tren

### Noun

tren inan
* (transport, railway) train

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French train.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈtɾɛn]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtɾen]
* Audio (Catalonia):(file)

#### Noun

tren m (plural trens)
* (transport, railway) train

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈtɾɛn]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈtɾən]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈtɾen]

#### Verb

tren
* (Balearic) first-person singular present indicative of trenar

### Further reading

* “tren” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “tren”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “tren” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “tren” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tren, from French train.

### Noun

tren
* train, locomotive

## Central Melanau
### Etymology

From English train, from Middle English train, from Old French train, from trainer, from Vulgar Latin *traginō, from *tragō, from Latin trahō.

### Noun

tren
* (transport, railway) train (line of connected cars or carriages)

## Crimean Tatar

Other scripts :
| Cyrillic | трен |
| Roman | |

### Etymology

From French train.

### Noun

tren
* train
    Synonym: (obsolete) poyezd

#### Declension
### References

* “tren”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* trem (reintegrationist)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾɛŋ/ [ˈt̪ɾɛŋ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛŋ
* Hyphenation: tren

### Etymology 1

13th century. From Old French train.

#### Noun

tren m (plural trens)
* (nautical) fishing tackle; leadline
** 1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Transcrición íntegra dos documentos, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 78:cen carros de pan entre trigo et centeo et vi armentios et iiii bois et ii uacas et La roxellos entre cabras et ouellas et oyto fanegas de ligoyma entre fuas et eruellas et ii ferrados de noses et vii anssaras et dos capoos et v galinas et ii porcas et iiii trens de nauios que tinna en pinor por vi centos mor.a hundred carts of grain, wheat and rye; and 6 cattle, 4 oxen and 2 cows; and 50 kids, sheep and goats; and eight fanegas of legume, beans and peas; and two ferrados of nuts; and 7 geese, and two capons and 5 hens and 2 sows; and 4 tackles of ships that he had in panwn for 600 mor.

### Etymology 2

19th century. Ultimately from French train.

#### Noun

tren m (plural trens)
* a connected sequence of things (in time or space)
    Synonyms: serie, secuencia
** (transport, railway) train (line of connected cars or carriages)

##### Derived terms

* tren de ondas (“wavetrain”)

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tren”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “tren”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tren”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “tren”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From English trend, from Middle English trenden "to roll about, turn, revolve", from Old English trendan "to roll about, turn, revolve" from Proto-Germanic *trandijaną (“to revolve”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɛn/
* Rhymes: -trɛn, -rɛn, -ɛn, -n
* Hyphenation: trèn

### Noun

trèn (plural tren-tren)
* trend: an inclination in a particular direction; a tendency
    Synonym: kecenderungan

#### Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay trén.

#### Alternative forms

* trénd (Johor-Riau)

#### Affixed terms

* mengetren

### Further reading

* “tren” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From English train, from Middle English train, from Old French train, from trainer, from Vulgar Latin *traginō, from *tragō, from Latin trahō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tren/
* Rhymes: -en

### Noun

trén (Jawi spelling ترين, plural tren-tren, informal 1st possessive trenku, 2nd possessive trenmu, 3rd possessive trennya)
* (transport, railway) train (line of connected cars or carriages)

#### Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian tren.

#### Synonyms

* kereta api / کريتا اڤي

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian treno. Doublet of trejn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trɛːn/

### Noun

tren m (plural trenijiet)
* Alternative form of trejn: train (vehicle)
    Synonym: ferrovija

## Middle English
### Adjective

tren
* Alternative form of treen

### Noun

tren pl
* Alternative form of treen

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

tren
* imperative of trene

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

tren
* imperative of trena

## Piedmontese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɛŋ/

### Noun

tren m (plural tren)
* pulling, towing
* train

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɛn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛn
* Syllabification: tren

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French traîne.

#### Noun

tren m inan (related adjective trenowy)
* train (elongated back portion of a dress or skirt (or an ornamental piece of material added to similar effect), which drags along the ground)

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin thrēnus.

#### Noun

tren m inan (related adjective trenowy)
* (poetry) threnody (poem of lamentation or mourning for a dead person; a dirge; an elegy)
    Synonyms: lament, lamentacja

##### Declension
### Further reading

* tren in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* tren in PWN's encyclopedia

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtren/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -en

### Noun

tren n (plural trenuri)
* (rail transport) train
* (chiefly military) train (convoy, caravan)

#### Derived terms

* face ca trenul
* pierde trenul
* tren accelerat
* tren anterior
* tren de aterizare
* tren de marfă
* tren fix
* tren personal
* tren posterior
* trenuleț
* trenuț
* ține tren
* ține trenul

### Further reading

* tren in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
* Iorgu Iordan, Alexandru Graur, Ion Coteanu, editors (1983), Dicționarul Limbii Române‎, volume 11, part 3, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, pages 587–588

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trenъ, from earlier *trepnъ, related to treptati (“to blink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trên/

### Noun

trȅn m (Cyrillic spelling тре̏н)
* moment (brief amount of time)
    Synonyms: čȁs, mȃh

#### Derived terms

* trenútak
* trȅnuti
* trȅnūtan

### References

* “tren”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾen/ [ˈt̪ɾẽn]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -en
* Syllabification: tren

### Noun

tren m (plural trenes)
* (transport, railway) train
* (rare) extravagance

#### Derived terms

* a todo tren
* estación de tren
* estar como un tren
* para parar un tren
* parte inferior
* perder el último tren
* tren de aterrizaje
* tren de carga
* tren de cercanías
* tren de escala
* tren de gran velocidad
* tren de potencia
* tren de vida
* tren inferior
* tren interurbano
* tren superior
* tren ultraligero
* trencito

#### Descendants

* → Moroccan Arabic: تران (trān)
* → Tagalog: tren
* → Tetelcingo Nahuatl: treni̱
* → Yaqui: tréen

### Further reading

* “tren”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* teren

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tren, from French train.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈtɾen/ [ˈt̪ɾɛn̪]
* Rhymes: -en
* Syllabification: tren

### Noun

tren (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔) (rail transport)
* train

#### Derived terms

* magtren
* trenan
* trenin

#### See also

* perokaril
* riles
* tramo

### Further reading

* “tren”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ترن (tren), from French train.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾɛn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tren (definite accusative treni, plural trenler)
* (transport, railway) train

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
tren
trenler
definite accusative
treni
trenleri
dative
trene
trenlere
locative
trende
trenlerde
ablative
trenden
trenlerden
genitive
trenin
trenlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
trenim
trenlerim
2nd singular
trenin
trenlerin
3rd singular
treni
trenleri
1st plural
trenimiz
trenlerimiz
2nd plural
treniniz
trenleriniz
3rd plural
trenleri
trenleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
trenimi
trenlerimi
2nd singular
trenini
trenlerini
3rd singular
trenini
trenlerini
1st plural
trenimizi
trenlerimizi
2nd plural
treninizi
trenlerinizi
3rd plural
trenlerini
trenlerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
trenime
trenlerime
2nd singular
trenine
trenlerine
3rd singular
trenine
trenlerine
1st plural
trenimize
trenlerimize
2nd plural
treninize
trenlerinize
3rd plural
trenlerine
trenlerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
trenimde
trenlerimde
2nd singular
treninde
trenlerinde
3rd singular
treninde
trenlerinde
1st plural
trenimizde
trenlerimizde
2nd plural
treninizde
trenlerinizde
3rd plural
trenlerinde
trenlerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
trenimden
trenlerimden
2nd singular
treninden
trenlerinden
3rd singular
treninden
trenlerinden
1st plural
trenimizden
trenlerimizden
2nd plural
treninizden
trenlerinizden
3rd plural
trenlerinden
trenlerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
trenimin
trenlerimin
2nd singular
treninin
trenlerinin
3rd singular
treninin
trenlerinin
1st plural
trenimizin
trenlerimizin
2nd plural
treninizin
trenlerinizin
3rd plural
trenlerinin
trenlerinin :

## Venetan
### Etymology

Compare Italian treno.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɛŋ/

### Noun

tren m (plural treni)
* (transport, railway) train

## Volapük
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾen/

### Noun

tren (nominative plural trens)
* (transport, railway) train
** 1931, Arie de Jong, Gramat Volapüka, § 256:Desinob ad motävön ün göd odela me tren balid.I intend setting off tomorrow morning by the first train.
** 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 28:Tren odevegon poszedelo tü düp: tel minuts mäl.The train will be leaving at 2:06 PM.

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English tre, from Old English trēow, from Proto-West Germanic *treu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trɛn/

### Noun

tren
* trees

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 73