# backgammon
## English
### Etymology

Probably from back + Middle English gamen, from Old English gamen (“amusement, game”).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: ʹbăkgămən, IPA: /ˈbæk.ɡæm.ən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

backgammon (countable and uncountable, plural backgammons)
* A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.
** 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 90:"I have borrowed Mrs. Palmer's backgammon-board," said Isabella, whose notion of an elderly gentleman's amusements of an evening was derived from what she had seen Mr. Palmer do.
* (backgammon) A victory in the game when the loser has not borne off a stone, and still has one or more stones in the winner's inner home row or on the bar.

#### Derived terms

* Dutch backgammon
* Russian backgammon

#### Related terms

* gammon

#### See also

* tick-tack
* tric-trac, trick-track

### Verb

backgammon (third-person singular simple present backgammons, present participle backgammoning, simple past and past participle backgammoned)
* To win at a backgammon game with the opponent having one or more pieces in the winner’s inner home row or on the bar.

### Further reading

* backgammon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Asturian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English backgammon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bakˈɡamon/ [bakˈɣ̞a.mõŋ]
* Rhymes: -amon
* Syllabification: back‧gam‧mon

### Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)
* backgammon (board game)

## Finnish
### Etymology

From English backgammon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbækɡɑm(ː)on/, [ˈbækɡɑ̝m(ː)o̞n]
* Rhymes: -ækɡɑmon
* Hyphenation: back‧gam‧mon

### Noun

backgammon
* backgammon

#### Declension

Possessive forms of backgammon (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
backgammonini
backgammonini
accusative
nom.
backgammonini
backgammonini
gen.
backgammonini
genitive
backgammonini
backgammonieni backgammoneideni backgammoneitteni
partitive
backgammoniani
backgammoneitani backgammonejani
inessive
backgammonissani
backgammoneissani
elative
backgammonistani
backgammoneistani
illative
backgammoniini
backgammoneihini
adessive
backgammonillani
backgammoneillani
ablative
backgammoniltani
backgammoneiltani
allative
backgammonilleni
backgammoneilleni
essive
backgammoninani
backgammoneinani
translative
backgammonikseni
backgammoneikseni
abessive
backgammonittani
backgammoneittani
instructive
comitative
—backgammoneineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
backgammonisi
backgammonisi
accusative
nom.
backgammonisi
backgammonisi
gen.
backgammonisi
genitive
backgammonisi
backgammoniesi backgammoneidesi backgammoneittesi
partitive
backgammoniasi
backgammoneitasi backgammonejasi
inessive
backgammonissasi
backgammoneissasi
elative
backgammonistasi
backgammoneistasi
illative
backgammoniisi
backgammoneihisi
adessive
backgammonillasi
backgammoneillasi
ablative
backgammoniltasi
backgammoneiltasi
allative
backgammonillesi
backgammoneillesi
essive
backgammoninasi
backgammoneinasi
translative
backgammoniksesi
backgammoneiksesi
abessive
backgammonittasi
backgammoneittasi
instructive
comitative
—backgammoneinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
backgammonimme
backgammonimme
accusative
nom.
backgammonimme
backgammonimme
gen.
backgammonimme
genitive
backgammonimme
backgammoniemme backgammoneidemme backgammoneittemme
partitive
backgammoniamme
backgammoneitamme backgammonejamme
inessive
backgammonissamme
backgammoneissamme
elative
backgammonistamme
backgammoneistamme
illative
backgammoniimme
backgammoneihimme
adessive
backgammonillamme
backgammoneillamme
ablative
backgammoniltamme
backgammoneiltamme
allative
backgammonillemme
backgammoneillemme
essive
backgammoninamme
backgammoneinamme
translative
backgammoniksemme
backgammoneiksemme
abessive
backgammonittamme
backgammoneittamme
instructive
comitative
—backgammoneinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
backgammoninne
backgammoninne
accusative
nom.
backgammoninne
backgammoninne
gen.
backgammoninne
genitive
backgammoninne
backgammonienne backgammoneidenne backgammoneittenne
partitive
backgammonianne
backgammoneitanne backgammonejanne
inessive
backgammonissanne
backgammoneissanne
elative
backgammonistanne
backgammoneistanne
illative
backgammoniinne
backgammoneihinne
adessive
backgammonillanne
backgammoneillanne
ablative
backgammoniltanne
backgammoneiltanne
allative
backgammonillenne
backgammoneillenne
essive
backgammoninanne
backgammoneinanne
translative
backgammoniksenne
backgammoneiksenne
abessive
backgammonittanne
backgammoneittanne
instructive
comitative
—backgammoneinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
backgammoninsa
backgammoninsa
accusative
nom.
backgammoninsa
backgammoninsa
gen.
backgammoninsa
genitive
backgammoninsa
backgammoniensa backgammoneidensa backgammoneittensa
partitive
backgammoniaan backgammoniansa
backgammoneitaan backgammonejaan backgammoneitansa backgammonejansa
inessive
backgammonissaan backgammonissansa
backgammoneissaan backgammoneissansa
elative
backgammonistaan backgammonistansa
backgammoneistaan backgammoneistansa
illative
backgammoniinsa
backgammoneihinsa
adessive
backgammonillaan backgammonillansa
backgammoneillaan backgammoneillansa
ablative
backgammoniltaan backgammoniltansa
backgammoneiltaan backgammoneiltansa
allative
backgammonilleen backgammonillensa
backgammoneilleen backgammoneillensa
essive
backgammoninaan backgammoninansa
backgammoneinaan backgammoneinansa
translative
backgammonikseen backgammoniksensa
backgammoneikseen backgammoneiksensa
abessive
backgammonittaan backgammonittansa
backgammoneittaan backgammoneittansa
instructive
comitative
—backgammoneineen backgammoneinensa :

### Further reading

* “backgammon”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from English backgammon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bak.ɡa.mɔn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)
* backgammon

#### See also

* trictrac

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English backgammon.

### Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)
* backgammon
    Synonyms: tric trac, tavola reale

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English backgammon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baɡˈɡamon/ [baɣ̞ˈɣ̞a.mõn]
* Rhymes: -amon
* Syllabification: back‧gam‧mon

### Noun

backgammon m (uncountable)
* backgammon
    Synonyms: chanchullo, chaquete, tablas reales

#### Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

### Further reading

* “backgammon”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10