# abu
## Translingual
### Symbol

abu
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Abure.

## Afar
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Saho abo.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

#### Noun

ábu m
* maternal uncle

##### Declension

absolutive
ábu
predicative
ábu
subjective
abí
genitive
abí
Postpositioned forms
l-case
ábul
k-case
ábuk
t-case
ábut
h-case
ábuh :

##### Coordinate terms

* anná (“aunt”)
* qámmi (“paternal uncle”)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈabu/ [ˈʔʌbʊ]
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

#### Verb

abu
* first/third-person masculine singular conjunctive of abé

### References

* E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “àbu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
* Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2004) Parlons Afar: Langue et Culture, L'Hammartan, →ISBN, page 25

## Ambonese Malay
### Noun

abu
* dust

## Aribwatsa
### Noun

abu
* water bop

### References

* Susanne Holzknecht, The Markham languages of Papua New Guinea (1989), page 71

## Bakung
### Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *abu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

## Baoule
### Noun

abu
* turtle

## Basque
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abu/ [a.β̞u]
* Rhymes: -abu, -u
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

### Noun

abu inan
* (Biscayan) mortar (hollow vessel used to pound)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “abu”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Casiguran Dumagat Agta
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Noun

abú
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

## Gothic
### Romanization

abu
* Romanization of 𐌰𐌱𐌿

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔà.bù/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [ʔà.bʊ̀]

### Noun

àbù m (feminine àbā, plural abūbuwā̀, possessed form àbin)
* thing, object
* matter, affair, situation
* possession, property

## Higaonon
### Noun

abu
* ash
* fireplace

## Hiligaynon
### Noun

abu
* ash

## Iban
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abu/

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)
* dust
    Synonym: amau

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* aboe (1901–1947)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈabu/ [ˈa.bu]
* Rhymes: -abu
* Syllabification: a‧bu

### Etymology 1

From Malay abu, from Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu. Doublet of hawu.

#### Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)
* ash (solid remains of a fire)
* (rare) Synonym of debu (“dust”)

#### Verb

abu
* (chiefly obsolete) to have defeat
    Synonym: kalah

#### Derived terms

* abu-abu
* berabu
* kelabu
* memperabukan
* mengabu
* mengabui
* mengabukan
* pengabuan
* perabuan

### Etymology 2

From Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”). Doublet of aba, abi, and abbas.

#### Noun

abu (plural abu-abu)
* (dialectal) Synonym of ayah (“father”)
* Alternative form of abuan

### Further reading

* “abu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

abu
* Rōmaji transcription of あぶ
* Rōmaji transcription of アブ

## Kanakanabu
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

## Kapampangan
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *qabu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈbu/ [əˈbu]
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

## Karelian

Regional variants of abu :
| North Karelian (Viena) | apu |
| South Karelian (Tver) | abu |

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognates include Finnish apu and Veps abu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑbu/
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

### Noun

abu (genitive avun, partitive abuo)
* (South Karelian) help

#### Derived terms

* abuiäni

### References

* A. V. Punzhina (1994) “abu”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN

## Karo Batak
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

### Noun

abu
* ash
* dust

## Latvian
### Pronoun

abu
* genitive plural masculine/feminine of abi

## Lithuanian

* A user suggests that this Lithuanian entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Properly record use as adverb and adjective!”.
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *aboˀ (“both”), alongside Latvian abi, Old Prussian abāi, and Proto-Slavic *oba. Frequently linked with Sanskrit उभ (ubhá-), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹 (bai). Due to the anlaut of these words, a connection with Latin ambo (“both”) and Ancient Greek ἄμφω (ámphō, “both, facing”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥tbʰóh₁ (“on both sides”) has proven problematic. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɐˈbʊ/

### Adverb

abù m (feminine abi̇̀) stress pattern 3
* both

#### Declension

As with dù, dvi̇̀ (“two”):

#### Derived terms

* abeji
* abi-
* abipus
* abipusis
* abipusiškas
* abirankis
* abišalis
* abudu

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “abu”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43
* ↑ “abu”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025

## Livvi
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑbu/
* Hyphenation: a‧bu
* Rhymes: -ɑbu

### Noun

abu
* help

#### Derived terms

* abuniekka

### References

* Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 11

## Ludian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu. Cognate with Finnish apu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑbu/
* Rhymes: -ɑbu
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

### Noun

abu
* aid, assistance, help

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* abuttada
* abutuz

### References

* M. Pahomov (2022) Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎, Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN, page 12

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [a.bu]
** Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* Rhymes: -bu, -u
* Hyphenation: a‧bu

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *habu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu, from Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

#### Noun

abu (Jawi spelling ابو, informal 1st possessive abuku, 2nd possessive abumu, 3rd possessive abunya)
* ash (solid remains of a fire)
    Synonyms: debu, duli, lebu
* dust
    Synonyms: debu, habuk

##### Derived terms

* abu-abu
* berabu
* keabu-abuan
* kelabu (“grey”)
* mengabu
* mengabui
* abu kayu
* abu logam

### Descendants

* Indonesian: abu

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

abu (Jawi spelling ابو)
* (intransitive) to lose (of congkak and other games)
    Synonym: kalah

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: abu

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

abu (Jawi spelling ابو, informal 1st possessive abuku, 2nd possessive abumu, 3rd possessive abunya)
* a rank in Thailand

### Further reading

* “abu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Manado Malay
### Etymology

From Malay abu.

### Noun

abu
* dust
* ash

## Narua
### Noun

abu
* father

## Nyishi
### Etymology

From Proto-Tani *bo.

### Noun

abu
* father

## Rukai
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)
* (mineralogy) lime

## Sakizaya
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qabu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ˈbu/, [a.ˈbu]

### Noun

abu
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

## Simalungun Batak
### Noun

abu
* ash

### References

* Zufri Hidayat et al. (2015). Kamus Bahasa Simalungun–Indonesia (2nd ed.). Medan: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sumatera Utara, p. 20.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈabu/ [ˈa.β̞u]
* Rhymes: -abu
* Syllabification: a‧bu

### Noun

abu m or f (plural abus)
* Alternative form of abue

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū), construct state of أَبْ (ʔab).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

abu class IX (plural abu class X)
* father
    Synonym: baba

## Tausug
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabu.

### Pronunciation

* (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA: /ʔabu/ [ʔɑˈβu]
* Rhymes: -u
* Syllabification: a‧bu

### Noun

abu (Sulat Sūg spelling اَبُ)
* ashes

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *apu.

### Noun

abu
* help, assistance, aid

#### Derived terms

* valdkundanabu

### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “одолжение, помощь, содействие, услуга”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

## Yakan
### Noun

abu
* ash

## Yogad
### Noun

abú
* ash