# غرب
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /ɣa.ra.ba/

#### Verb

غَرَبَ • (ḡaraba) I (non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu), verbal noun غَرْب (ḡarb))
* to go away, depart, withdraw, leave

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

غَرَبَ • (ḡaraba) I (non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu), verbal noun غُرُوب (ḡurūb))
* to set (of the sun, moon, etc.)

##### Conjugation
#### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /ɣa.ru.ba/

#### Verb

غَرُبَ • (ḡaruba) I (non-past يَغْرُبُ (yaḡrubu), verbal noun غَرَابَة (ḡarāba))
* to be a stranger
* to be strange, odd, obscure, difficult to understand

##### Conjugation
#### Pronunciation 3

* IPA: /ɣar.ra.ba/

#### Verb

غَرَّبَ • (ḡarraba) II (non-past يُغَرِّبُ (yuḡarribu), verbal noun تَغْرِيب (taḡrīb))
* to go away, depart, withdraw, leave
* to go west, westward
* to banish, exile, expatriate

##### Conjugation
#### Pronunciation 4

* IPA: /ɣarb/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

غَرْب • (ḡarb) m
* verbal noun of غَرَبَ (ḡaraba) (form I)
* west, occident
* vehemence, violence, tempestuousness

##### Coordinate terms

compass points: اِتِّجَاهَات الْبَوْصَلَةِ (ittijāhāt al-bawṣalati):
| شَمَال غَرْبِيّ (šamāl ḡarbiyy) | شَمَال (šamāl) | شَمَال شَرْقِيّ (šamāl šarqiyy) |
| غَرْب (ḡarb) | | شَرْق (šarq) |
| جَنُوب غَرْبِيّ (janūb ḡarbiyy) | جَنُوب (janūb) | جَنُوب شَرْقِيّ (janūb šarqiyy) |

##### Derived terms

* غَرْبِيّ (ḡarbiyy)

##### Descendants

* → Maltese: għarb
* → Azerbaijani: qərb
* → Northern Kurdish: xerb
* → Persian: غرب
* → Tajik: ғарб (ġarb)
* → Portuguese: Algarve
* → Ottoman Turkish: غرب (ġarb)
    > Turkish: garp (inherited)
    Crimean Tatar: ğarp
* → Uyghur: غەرپ (gherp)
* → Uzbek: gʻarb

#### Pronunciation 5

* IPA: /ɣa.rab/

#### Noun

غَرَب • (ḡarab) m
* the disease of an abscess in the canthus of the eye, lachrymal fistula
** 1025, ابن سينا (Avicenna), القانون في الطب‎ [Canon Medicinae], Rome: Stamperia Orientale Medicea, published 1593, Liber 2, page 159:دوسر: الماهية: حشيشة يشبه ورقها ورق الحنطة لكنه ألين وله ثمرة لها حجابان أو ثلاثة وعليها شبه الشعر وقد يتخذ منه عصارة وتحفظ وهي أفضل من حشيشه. الطبع: حار في الأولى يابس في الثانية. الأفعال والخواص: فيها تجفيف وتحليل. الأورام والبثور: يلين الأورام التي أخذت تصلب ويمنع صلابتها. الزينة: من خواصه أنه يذهب بداء الثعلب. أعضاء العين: ينفع من الغرب.Goatgrass: What it is: A grass the leaves of which resemble the leaves of wheat, but it is more flaccid and it has fruits with two or three envelopes and it has a kind of hair and one may extract a juice from it and it is preserved and better than the grass itself. It’s trait: Hot in the first, dry in the third grade. Effects and properties: It is drying and dissolving. Swellings and pustules: It softens swellings which have become stiff and prevents their stiffening. Toiletry: It is amongst its properties that it goes well with baldness. Parts of the eye: It works against lacrimal fistules.

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From West Semitic *ḡarab-, cognate with Biblical Hebrew עֲרָבָה (ʿărāḇā́), עָרָב (ʿārāḇ, “poplar, willow”), Aramaic עַרְבָּא (ʿarəbā) / ܥܱܪܒ݂ܳܐ (ʿarəḇā), Tigre ዕርብ (ʿərb /⁠ʿərəb⁠/, “a plant with tendrils”), Soqotri ʿarhíeb, with possible further connections to Akkadian 𒌨𒁀𒌅 (ur-ba-tu, “reed, rush”), Akkadian 𒄑𒇡𒁀𒌓 ($^{GIŠ}$ṣar-ba-tu$_2$ /⁠ṣarbatu⁠/, “Euphrates Poplar”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣa.rab/

#### Noun

غَرَب • (ḡarab) m
* Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica)
    Synonym: حَوَر فُرَاتِيّ (ḥawar furātiyy)
* willow (Salix spp.)
    Synonyms: صَفْصَاف (ṣafṣāf), خِلَاف (ḵilāf)
** c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802$^{IA}$, Cap. 4, pages 154–155:ويغرس في المواضع الرطب الكبيرة والندوة منها النشم والغرب والصفيراء والأيرج والميس والرند ويتوخى أن يكون شجر الأترج في مواضع مستور عن الريح الجوفية والريح الغربية مكشوف للريح القبلية.One plants on moist, spacious and humid places there elms, willows, planetree maples, citrons, hackberries, and laurels, and it is to be taken care that the citron is covered from northern and western winds and open for southeastern winds.

##### References

* Haupt, Paul (1907) “Psalm 137”, in Orientalistische Literaturzeitung (in German), volume 10, number 2, columns 68–69.
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 336

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣurb/

#### Noun

غُرْب • (ḡurb) m pl
* plural of غُرَاب (ḡurāb)

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

غرب
* Arabic spelling of qərb

## Laki
### Etymology

From Arabic غَرْب (ḡarb).

### Noun

غرب (ẍirb)
* west

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic غَرْب (ḡarb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣarb/

### Noun

غرب • (ḡarb) m
* west

#### Derived terms

* غربي (ḡarbi, “western”)

#### See also

compass points:
| | شمال (šamāl) | |
| غرب (ḡarb) | | شرق (šarq) |
| | جنوب (janūb) | |

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic غَرْب (ḡarb).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɣaɾβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɣäɾb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɣäɾb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ɣäɾb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ɣäɾb̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qæɹb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʁäɾb]

### Noun

غرب • (ğarb)
* west
    Synonym: باختر (bâxtar)
    Antonyms: شرق (šarq), خاور (xâvar)

#### Derived terms

* غربی (ğarbi)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic غَرْب (ḡarb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣarb/, [ɣɑrˤb]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

غرب • (ḡarb) m
* west

#### Derived terms

* غربي (ḡarbi, “western”)
* مغرب (muḡreb, “evening; sunset”)

#### See also

compass points:
| | شمال (šamāl) | |
| غرب (ḡarb) | | شرق (šarq) |
| | جنوب (janūb) | |