# ratu
## English
### Noun

ratu (plural ratus)
* A Fijian chief.
** 2006, Thomas Reuter, Sharing the Earth, Dividing the Land, page 257:For the purposes of this discussion, however, it is sufficient to know that all land is traditionally vested in the ratu, and there are no higher order structures of customary landownership.

### Anagrams

* Ruta, UART

## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin rattus.

### Noun

ratu m (plural ratos)
* mouse
    Synonyms: mur, xurnia
* while; short time
    Synonyms: nadria, (Western Asturias) ratáu
* reflection

## Balinese
### Romanization

ratu
* Romanization of ᬭᬢᬸ

## Fijian
### Etymology

From Proto-Central Pacific *ratu, from Proto-Oceanic *ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Cognate with Toba Batak datu, Malay datuk, Javanese ratu.

### Noun

ratu
* a monarch or honorific title used by Fijians of chiefly rank for males

#### Coordinate terms

* adi (for females)

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* ratoe (van Ophuijsen (1901–1947))

### Etymology

From Malay ratu, from Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Doublet of datu and datuk.
* Semantic loan from Javanese ratu (ꦫꦠꦸ).
* For sense of the most powerful piece in chess, semantic loan from Dutch koningin.
* For sense of powerful or forceful female, semantic loan from English queen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈratu/
* Hyphenation: ra‧tu

### Noun

ratu (plural)
* (archaic) monarch
    Synonym: raja
* queen:
** queen regnant: female monarch
    Synonym: rani
** queen consort: wife of a king
    Synonyms: permaisuri, rani
** powerful or forceful female person
** (chess) the most powerful piece, able to move any number of spaces horizontally, vertically, or diagonally
    Synonyms: menteri, ster

#### Derived terms

* ratu adil
* ratu alit
* ratu anggabaya
* ratu barat
* ratu buah
* ratu drama
* ratu kilen
* ratu timur
* ratu wetan

#### Related terms

* datu
* datuk
* keraton

### See also

Chess pieces in Indonesian · buah catur (see also: catur) (layout · text) :
| raja | menteri, patih, ratu, ster | benteng | gajah, loper, menteri, luncung, luncur, peluncur | kuda | bidak, pion, prajurit |

### Further reading

* “ratu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

ratu
* Romanization of ꦫꦠꦸ

## Kabuverdianu
### Etymology

From Portuguese rato.

### Noun

ratu
* mouse
* rat

## Latin
### Verb

ratū
* ablative supine of reor

## Latvian
### Noun

ratu m
* inflection of rats:
** accusative/instrumental singular
** genitive plural

## Makasar
### Alternative forms

* datu

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Sulawesi *datu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈratu/, [ˈra.t̪ʰu]
* Hyphenation: ra‧tu

### Noun

ratu (Lontara spelling ᨑᨈᨘ)
* ruler, monarch (in Makassar, an old word for karaeng).
    Makkanami karaeng rongo-rongoia mannyaʼbuʼmi ratu beru bakkakiaThe young karaeng sons spoke, the newly mature rulers said
    12.VI.1723 nanikana matei ratuia riUlawang ilalang ripaʼrasanganna12.VI.1723 It is told that the ruler (datu) of Ulawĕng died in his land

#### Usage notes

* In Old Makassar writings, Buginese rulers appear as both ratu and datu, e.g., ratua, the ruler of Luwuʼ (in a 16th century contract).

#### Affixations

* karatuang

### Further reading

* Cense, A. A. (1979) Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek, 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Malay
### Etymology

From Old Javanese ratu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Cognate to Fijian ratu and Javanese ratu. Doublet of datuk, datu, and datung.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ra.tu]
* Rhymes: -tu, -u
* Hyphenation: ra‧tu

### Noun

ratu (Jawi spelling راتو, plural ratu-ratu, informal 1st possessive ratuku, 2nd possessive ratumu, 3rd possessive ratunya)
* A queen:
** A queen regnant.
    Synonym: permaisuri
** (uncommon) A queen consort.
    Synonym: permaisuri
** (figurative) A title for a female winner in beauty-based contests and others.
    ratu fesyen ― queen of fashion
** (sports) The queen piece in chess.
    Synonyms: bendahara, menteri, permaisuri
* (obsolete) A king.
    Synonyms: raja, sultan, syah, datu (archaic)

#### Usage notes

The term ratu is usually used for queens regnant while permaisuri is usually used for queens consort.

#### Affixations

* beratukan

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: ratu

#### See also

Chess pieces in Malay · buah catur بواه چاتور (layout · text) :
| raja, syah راج, شاه | bendahara, menteri, permaisuri, ratu بنداهارا, منتري, ڤرمايسوري, راتو | benteng, tir بينتيڠ, تير | gajah ݢاجه | kuda کودا | bidak, piadah, pion بيدق, ڤياده, ڤيون |

### Further reading

* “ratu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Doublet of ḍatu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.tu/
* Rhymes: -tu
* Hyphenation: ra‧tu

### Noun

ratu
* king

#### Derived terms

* apaparatwan
* araratwan
* karatun
* makaratu
* maratu
* pararaton
* rinatwa
* rinatwakĕn

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦠꦸ (ratu)
* → Balinese: ᬭᬢᬸ (ratu)
* → Malay: ratu
** Indonesian: ratu

### Further reading

* "ratu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

ratu (Cyrillic spelling рату)
* dative/locative singular of rat

### Noun

ratu (Cyrillic spelling рату)
* accusative singular of rata