# stadium
## English
### Etymology

From Latin stadium (“a measure of length, a race course”) (commonly one-eighth of a Roman mile; translated in early English Bibles by furlong), from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion, “a measure of length, a running track”), especially the track at Olympia, which was one stadium in length. The Greek word may literally mean "fixed standard of length" (from στάδιος (stádios, “firm, fixed”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-, whence also stand and Latin stare). Doublet of stade, stadion, and estadio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsteɪ.di.əm/
* Hyphenation: sta‧di‧um
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

stadium (plural stadiums or stadia)
* A venue where sporting events are held.
** 2013 June 18, Simon Romero, “Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders”, in New York Times‎:In a convulsion that has caught many in Brazil and beyond by surprise, waves of protesters denounced their leaders for dedicating so many resources to cultivating Brazil’s global image by building stadiums for international events, when basic services like education and health care remain woefully inadequate.
* An Ancient Greek racecourse, especially, the Olympic course for foot races.
    Synonym: stadion
* (historical) Synonym of stadion, a Greek unit of length equivalent to about 185 m.
** 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 3, page 245:Dionysiodorus […] sent a letter ad superos after he was dead, from the centre of the earth, to signify what distance the same centre was from the superficies of the same, viz. 42,000 stadiums […] .
* A kind of telemeter for measuring the distance of an object of known dimensions, by observing the angle it subtends.
* (surveying) A graduated rod used to measure the distance of the place where it stands from an instrument having a telescope, by observing the number of the graduations of the rod that are seen between certain parallel wires (stadia wires) in the field of view of the telescope.
* (biology) A life stage of an organism.

#### Usage notes

* The alternative plural stadia is occasionally used, chiefly in high-register contexts or when referring to the Ancient Greek unit of measure.

#### Synonyms

* (venue where sporting events are held): arena
* (graduated rod in surveying): stadia, stadia rod

#### Derived terms

* all-seater stadium
* stadia rod
* stadia wire
* stadium horn
* stadium mustard
* stadium rock
* stadium sailing
* stadium trumpet

#### Translations
### References

* “stadium”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* stádium

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstaːdɪjum]

### Noun

stadium n
* stage, phase

#### Declension
### See also

* fáze f

### Further reading

* “stadium”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stadium”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “stadium”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stadium (“a measure of length, commonly one-eighth of a Roman mile, furlong; a race course”), from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion, “a measure of length, a running track”), especially the track at Olympia, which was one stadium in length. The Greek word may literally mean "fixed standard of length" (from στάδιος (stádios, “firm, fixed”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstaː.di.ʏm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sta‧di‧um

### Noun

stadium n (plural stadiums or stadia, diminutive stadiumpje n)
* a stage; a phase
* (rare, nonstandard) a stadium
    Synonym: stadion

#### Derived terms

* beginstadium
* eindstadium
* tussenstadium
* voorstadium

#### Related terms

* stadion

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: stadium

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch stadium (“stadium, life stage; stage, phase”), from Latin stadium (“a measure of length, a race course”), from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion, “a measure of length, a running track”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-. Doublet of stadion.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /staˈdiʊm/
* Hyphenation: sta‧di‧um
* Rhymes: -ʊm, -m

### Noun

stadium (plural stadium-stadium)
* (biology) stadium: a life stage of an organism
* (pathology) stage; phase
    kanker payudara stadium IV ― stage IV breast cancer

#### Derived terms

* stadium infeksi
* stadium pradewasa

### Further reading

* “stadium” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

From the Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsta.di.um/, [ˈs̠t̪äd̪iʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsta.di.um/, [ˈst̪äːd̪ium]

### Noun

stadium n (genitive stadiī or stadī); second declension
* stade (distance of 125 paces)
* racecourse (athletics)

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Synonyms

* (measure of distance): stadiī (plurale tantum)

#### Derived terms

* stadiālis
* stadiātus

#### Related terms

* stadiodromos

### References

* “stadium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “stadium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "stadium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to run a foot-race: stadium currere (Off. 3. 10. 42)
* “stadium”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “stadium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “stadium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Malay
### Etymology

From English stadium, from Latin stadium, from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), from στάδιος (stádios), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /stadiom/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /stadiʊm/
* Rhymes: -iom, -jom, -om

### Noun

stadium (Jawi spelling ستاديوم, plural stadium-stadium, informal 1st possessive stadiumku, 2nd possessive stadiummu, 3rd possessive stadiumnya)
* stadium (venue where sporting events are held)

#### Alternative forms

* stadion (Indonesian)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), via Latin stadium.

### Noun

stadium n (definite singular stadiet, indefinite plural stadier, definite plural stadia or stadiene)
* a stage (of a process or development)

### See also

* stadion

### References

* “stadium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion), via Latin stadium.

### Noun

stadium n (definite singular stadiet, indefinite plural stadium, definite plural stadia)
* a stage (of a process or development)

### See also

* stadion

### References

* “stadium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin stadium, from Ancient Greek στᾰ́δῐον (stắdĭon). Doublet of stadion (“arena, stadium”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsta.djum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -adjum
* Syllabification: sta‧dium

### Noun

stadium n
* stage, phase
    Synonym: faza

#### Declension
### Further reading

* stadium in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* stadium in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* stadie (nonstandard)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stadium. Doublet of stadion.

### Noun

stadium n
* a stage, a phase (delimited part of something that happens)
    Synonym: skede
    i ett tidigt stadiumat an early stage
    i ett senare stadiumat a later stage

#### Derived terms

* analstadium
* apstadium
* barnstadium
* embryostadium
* experimentstadium
* fosterstadium
* förberedelsestadium
* förstadium
* försöksstadium
* grottstadium
* högstadium
* idéstadium
* inkubationsstadium
* knoppstadium
* korrekturstadium
* kulturstadium
* larvstadium
* latensstadium
* lågstadium
* mellanstadium
* nybörjarstadium
* planeringsstadium
* primärstadium
* puppstadium
* sekundärstadium
* slutstadium
* småbarnsstadium
* tertiärstadium
* urstadium
* utvecklingsstadium
* yngelstadium
* övergångsstadium

#### See also

* stadion

### References

* stadium in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* stadium in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* stadium in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* stadium in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)