# non
## Translingual
### Symbol

non
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Old Norse.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Old Norse terms

## English
### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /nɑn/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /nɒn/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adverb

non (not comparable)
* Obsolete form of none.

### Noun

non (plural nons)
* (Malaysia, slang) A non-Muslim citizen.

## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin non.

### Adverb

non
* no

## Basque
### Etymology

From Proto-Basque *no- (interrogative stem) +‎ -n (inessive suffix).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /non/ [nõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Hyphenation: non

### Adverb

non (interrogative)
* inessive indefinite inanimate of nor; where

#### Derived terms

* non edo han (“somewhere”)
* non edo non (“somewhere”)
* non ere
* non eta ez
* non zer
* nonahi (“anywhere”)
* nonahi den (“anywhere”)
* nonahiko (“from anywhere”)
* nonahitik (“from anywhere”)
* nonbait (“somewhere”)
* nonbait ere (“somewhere”)
* nonbait han (“more or less”)
* nonbait hor (“more or less”)
* nonbaiteko (“from somewhere”)
* nonbaiten (“somewhere”)
* nonbaitera (“to somewhere”)
* nonbaitetik (“from somewhere”)
* nonbaitik (“from somewhere”)
* nondar (“born where?”)
* nondik (“from where”)
* nondik edo handik (“from somewhere”)
* nondik eta nola
* nondik ez (“of course”)
* nondik nora (“from where to where”)
* nondik norako (“of what form”)
* nondik-bait
* nondik-nahi
* nondik-nahiko
* nondiko
* nongo (“from where”)
* nongonahiko
* nongotar (“born where?”)
* nongotasun (“origin”)
* nongura
* nontsu (“where more or less”)
* nonzerberri

### Further reading

* “non”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “non”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Chiricahua
### Noun

non
* Alternative spelling of nun

## Chuukese
### Preposition

non
* in

## Cimbrian
### Noun

non
* plural of nono (“grandfather”): grandparents

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch nonne, which ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: non
* Rhymes: -ɔn

### Noun

non f (plural nonnen, diminutive nonnetje n)
* nun

#### Synonyms

* zuster
* kloosterzuster

#### Derived terms

* bedelnon
* nonnenklooster

#### Descendants

* → Papiamentu: nònchi (from the diminutive)

## Fala
### Alternative forms

* nun
* no

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn (“not”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnon/
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: non

### Adverb

non
* not (negates the meaning of the modified verb)
** 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme II, Chapter 2: Recunquista:Non poemos analizar con pormenoris estis siglos, pero tampoco se debi toleral que, sin fundamentus, se poña en duda algo que a Historia documentá nos lega sobre nossa terra.We can’t thoroughly analyse these centuries, but one mustn’t tolerate that, unfoundedly, something documented history tells us about our land be questioned.

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## French
### Etymology

From Old French non, from Latin nōn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: nom, noms, nons

### Adverb

non
* no

### Conjunction

non (literary)
* not
** 1869, Sully Prudhomme, “La Voie lactée”, in Les Solitudes:Êtes-vous toujours en prière ? Êtes-vous des astres blessés ? Car ce sont des pleurs de lumière, Non des rayons, que vous versez.Are you still in prayer? Are you hurt stars? Because it is cries of light, Not rays, that you pour.

### Noun

non m (plural non or nons)
* a no, a negative response

### Interjection

non
* no!

#### Derived terms

* hélas non
* ni oui ni non
* non mais
* non merci
* non plus
* nul et non avenu
* oh non
* pour un oui ou pour un non
* pourquoi non

### Further reading

* “non”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Friulian
### Etymology

From Latin nōmen, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

### Noun

non m (plural nons)
* name

## Fula
### Adverb

non
* a deictic element referring to either a preceding adverb or the preceding statement
    debbo reeduujo hino hanndi e ñaametee yottiiɗo fii yo tere makko ɗen gollu no haaniri non.A pregnant woman requires a substantial diet for her body to function properly

### Particle

non
* a particle of insistance which can be added to a conjunction, interjection or pronoun
    Min non mi yiɗaa ɗun!As for me, I especially dislike that

### References

* Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* não (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese non, from Latin nōn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nʊ̃ŋ], [ˈnõŋ]
** Rhymes: -on
* Hyphenation: non

### Adverb

non
* no, not, not at all
* no (used to show disagreement or negation)
* no (used to reinforce an affirmation as negation of the alternative - but it can be omitted without changing the meaning)
    Ás veces é mellor berrar que non calarSometimes it is better to shout than to - keep quiet
* no (reinforces a mandate in interrogative sentences)

#### Usage notes

Non usually contracts in speech with a following definite article or personal pronoun (a, as, o, os). The result of this contraction, in the past written as nono, no-no, n'o, among other forms, is [nona], [nono], [nonas], [nono] in the east and central areas and [na], [no], [nas], [nos] in the west. Today these contractions are rarely shown in written Galician:
    Non o queres? ("You don't want it?"): IPA: (central) [nõnoˈkɛɾɪs], (western) [noˈkɛs].

### References

* “non”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “non”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “non”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “non”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Haitian Creole
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔ̃/

### Etymology 1

From French non (“no, not”).

#### Adverb

non
* no

##### Antonyms

* wi

### Etymology 2

From French nom (“name”).

#### Noun

non
* name

##### Related terms

* onon

## Ido
### Etymology

From English nine, German neun, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. In length from English nona-, French nona-, Italian nono, Spanish nono.

### Numeral

non
* nine (9)

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɔn]
* Rhymes: -ɔn
* Hyphenation: non

### Etymology 1

Ultimately derives from Late Latin nonna.
* The sense of nun is a Dutch non (“nun”), cf above.

#### Noun

non (uncountable)
* apocopic form of nona
* nun
    Synonyms: biarawati, suster

### Etymology 2

Cognate of Indonesian non-

#### Noun

non (uncountable)
* see kaum non (“non-cooperative groups of Dutch colonial government”)

### Further reading

* “non” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Interlingua
### Adverb

non
* not

## Istriot
### Alternative forms

* nom

### Etymology

From Latin nōmen. Compare Friulian non, Dalmatian naun.

### Noun

non
* name

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin nōn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /non/
** (prevocalic) IPA: [no.n‿]
** preconsonantally the final /-n/ assimilates the place of articulation of the following consonant.
** (stressed, prepausal) IPA: [ˈnon.nə̆], [ˈnon]
*** Audio:(file)
*** Rhymes: -on
* (unmonitored speech, preconsonantal, very common) IPA: /n/, usually assimilates the place of articulation of the following consonant, though some speakers realize this as [n] in all positions.
** Homophones: 'n, in, un, un'
* (unmonitored speech, prevocalic, less common) IPA: /n‿/, $^*$/n‿/

### Adverb

non
* not
* un-
* don't

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Latin nōn.

### Adverb

non (Hebrew spelling נון)
* not
    ביינאבﬞינטוראדﬞו איל בﬞארון קי נון אנדה אין קונסיזﬞו די מאלוס.Bienaventurado el varon que non anda en consejo de malos.Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the wicked.

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* n̄ (abbreviation, Medieval Latin)

### Etymology

Uncertain. Maybe from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”). Equivalent to ne + ūnus. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁ ne (“not at all”) and cognate with the uncertain Gaulish nane (“not”) and Luwian [Term?] (/⁠nā̆na⁠/, “not”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈnoːn/, [ˈnoːn]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈnon/, [ˈnɔn]

### Particle

nōn (negative particle)
* not
    Lingua Graeca est; potest nōn legī.It's Greek; it can not be read.
    Sit ut est, aut nōn sit.Let it be as it is, otherwise it would not be.

#### Usage notes

The particle nōn may be used to negate verbs, adjectives, nouns, or phrases.

#### Derived terms

* cūr nōn?
* nec nōn
* non iam/non jam
* nōn intellegō
* nōn male
* non modo
* non quo
* nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt
* nonne
* nonnemo
* sine quā nōn

#### Related terms

* nē (“not”, + subjunctive)
* nī (“if not, that not”)

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: nu
* Asturian: nun, ñun
* Dalmatian: na
* Friulian: no
* Italian: no, non
* Ladino: non (נון)
* Lombard: nò
* Mirandese: nun
* Mozarabic: نن (nn), נון (nwn)
* Old French: non, ne
** French: non, ne
* Old Occitan: non
** Catalan: no
** Occitan: non
* Old Galician-Portuguese: nom
** Galician: non
** Portuguese: não
* Romanian: nu
* Romansch: na
* Sardinian: no, non, nu
* Sicilian: nun (used before a verb), no (used before a noun), nû (nun + lu/u)
* Spanish: no, non

### References

* ↑ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “non”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 174f.
* ↑ Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*nóh₁ ne ‘gar nicht’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 533

### Further reading

* non in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* non in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* non in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Lote
### Noun

non
* man

### References

* Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

## Manchu
### Romanization

non
* Romanization of ᠨᠣᠨ

## Mauritian Creole
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔ̃/

### Etymology 1

From French nom.

#### Noun

non
* name

##### Alternative forms

* nom

### Etymology 2

From French non.

#### Adverb

non
* no; a word used to indicate disagreement or negation
    Antonym: wi

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French non.

### Interjection

non
* no

#### Descendants

* French: non

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse nón, from Latin nona (hora) (“ninth hour”). Akin to English noon and nones.

### Noun

non n (definite singular nonet, indefinite plural non, definite plural nona)
* (historical) the ninth hour after dawn (about 3pm)
* a meal eaten around 3-5 pm
* (Catholicism) none, nones

#### Derived terms

* nonsmat m
* Nonshaug (a common Norwegian toponym)
* Nonshei (toponym common in Trøndelag)
* Nonshøa (toponym common in Oppdal and Upper Gudbrandsdal)
* Nonsfjell (toponym, almost not used in Eastern Norway)
* Nonfjell (toponym, used only in Western and Southern Norway)

### References

* “non” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* onn

## Old English
### Etymology 1

From Latin nōna (“ninth; ninth hour”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /noːn/

#### Noun

nōn n
* (historical) Nones, the ninth hour after sunrise
* (Christianity) Nones, the religious service appointed to this hour

##### Declension

Strong a-stem:

##### Synonyms

* (time): nōntīd, nōntīma
* (religious service): nōnsang

##### Derived terms

* nōngereord, nōnmete, nōnsang, nōntīd, nōntīma
* ofernōn (“afternoon”)

##### Descendants

* Middle English: non, none, noon, noun, noune
** English: noon

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /non/

#### Noun

non m
* a form of address from younger to older monks

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “nōn”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “non”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin nōn.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -on

### Interjection

non
* no

### Adverb

non
* not
** c. 1190, Chrétien de Troyes, Le Roman de Percival:Les uns barbez, les autres nonSome bearded, the others not

### Noun

non oblique singular, m (oblique plural nons, nominative singular nons, nominative plural non)
* Alternative form of nom

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin nōn (“no”), from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”) + *óynos (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnõ/

### Adverb

non
* no, not
** a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 (facsimile):
    ſi ou non
       yes or no

#### Descendants

* Fala: non
* Galician: non
* Portuguese: não

## Romansch
### Etymology

From Late Latin nonnus (compare Italian nonno).

### Noun

non m (plural nons)
* (Puter) grandfather

#### Synonyms

* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) tat
* (Vallader) bazegner, bapsegner

#### Related terms

* nona

## Seychellois Creole
### Etymology

From French non.

### Interjection

non
* no

## Sicilian
### Alternative forms

* nun

### Etymology

Dialectal variant of Sicilian nun, from Latin nōn. Maybe influenced from Italian non.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔn/

### Adverb

non
* not

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnon/ [ˈnõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: non

### Etymology 1

From Latin non.

#### Adverb

non
* Archaic form of no.

### Etymology 2

From Latin non (par).

#### Adjective

non
* odd (indivisible by two)
    Synonym: impar
    Antonym: par

### Further reading

* “non”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Uzbek
### Etymology

From Persian نان (nân).

### Noun

non (plural nonlar)
* bread

#### Declension
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [nɔn˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [nɔŋ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [nɔŋ˧˧]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *k-nɔːn, from *k-rn-ɔːn, which Ferlus considered an infixed derivation of Proto-Vietic *kɔːn (“child”). Cognate with Chut [Rục] kunɔːn¹, Semai kenon (“child”), Juang kɔnɔn ("child, son, the young one; young"), Khmu [Cuang] krnɔːn ("uterus"). Likely received some semantic influence from 嫩 (MC nwonH) (SV: nộn) as well.

#### Adjective

non • (嫩)
* young, tender, green
* new
* mild
* premature
* not up to the mark

##### See also

* mầm non
* non dạ
* non nớt
* non tay
* non trẻ

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

non • (𡽫, 𧀒)
* mountain

##### See also

* hòn non bộ
* non bộ
* non nước
* non sông
* núi non
* nước non

## Vurës
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

non
* barracuda, (blackfin barracuda) Sphyraena qenie

### Further reading

Catriona Malau (2011-05-05) Dictionary of Vurës

## Western Apache
### Alternative forms

* noi

### Etymology

Cognates: Navajo nooʼ, Chiricahua nun, Mescalero nun, Plains Apache nǫǫ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nòn]

### Noun

non
* something stored away, cache

## Zazaki
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnon]
* Hyphenation: non

### Noun

non
* Alternative form of nan