# petra
## English
### Etymology

From Latin petra (“rock”). Doublet of piedra.

### Noun

petra
* stone, a weight equal to 14 pounds.
** 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 209:Generally, however, the stone or petra, almost always of 14 lbs., is used, the tod of 28 lbs., and the sack of thirteen stone.

### Anagrams

* Peart, apert, apter, parte, pater, peart, petar, prate, preta, reapt, repat, retap, taper, trape, treap

## Breton
### Alternative forms

* p'ra

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpe.tʁa/

### Pronoun

petra
* what?

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetrɑ/, [ˈpe̞t̪rɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -etrɑ
* Hyphenation: pet‧ra

### Noun

petra (dialectal)
* Alternative form of peura

#### Declension

Possessive forms of petra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
petrani
petrani
accusative
nom.
petrani
petrani
gen.
petrani
genitive
petrani
petrojeni petraini $^{rare}$
partitive
petraani
petrojani
inessive
petrassani
petroissani
elative
petrastani
petroistani
illative
petraani
petroihini
adessive
petrallani
petroillani
ablative
petraltani
petroiltani
allative
petralleni
petroilleni
essive
petranani
petroinani
translative
petrakseni
petroikseni
abessive
petrattani
petroittani
instructive
comitative
—petroineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
petrasi
petrasi
accusative
nom.
petrasi
petrasi
gen.
petrasi
genitive
petrasi
petrojesi petraisi $^{rare}$
partitive
petraasi
petrojasi
inessive
petrassasi
petroissasi
elative
petrastasi
petroistasi
illative
petraasi
petroihisi
adessive
petrallasi
petroillasi
ablative
petraltasi
petroiltasi
allative
petrallesi
petroillesi
essive
petranasi
petroinasi
translative
petraksesi
petroiksesi
abessive
petrattasi
petroittasi
instructive
comitative
—petroinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
petramme
petramme
accusative
nom.
petramme
petramme
gen.
petramme
genitive
petramme
petrojemme petraimme $^{rare}$
partitive
petraamme
petrojamme
inessive
petrassamme
petroissamme
elative
petrastamme
petroistamme
illative
petraamme
petroihimme
adessive
petrallamme
petroillamme
ablative
petraltamme
petroiltamme
allative
petrallemme
petroillemme
essive
petranamme
petroinamme
translative
petraksemme
petroiksemme
abessive
petrattamme
petroittamme
instructive
comitative
—petroinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
petranne
petranne
accusative
nom.
petranne
petranne
gen.
petranne
genitive
petranne
petrojenne petrainne $^{rare}$
partitive
petraanne
petrojanne
inessive
petrassanne
petroissanne
elative
petrastanne
petroistanne
illative
petraanne
petroihinne
adessive
petrallanne
petroillanne
ablative
petraltanne
petroiltanne
allative
petrallenne
petroillenne
essive
petrananne
petroinanne
translative
petraksenne
petroiksenne
abessive
petrattanne
petroittanne
instructive
comitative
—petroinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
petransa
petransa
accusative
nom.
petransa
petransa
gen.
petransa
genitive
petransa
petrojensa petrainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
petraansa
petrojaan petrojansa
inessive
petrassaan petrassansa
petroissaan petroissansa
elative
petrastaan petrastansa
petroistaan petroistansa
illative
petraansa
petroihinsa
adessive
petrallaan petrallansa
petroillaan petroillansa
ablative
petraltaan petraltansa
petroiltaan petroiltansa
allative
petralleen petrallensa
petroilleen petroillensa
essive
petranaan petranansa
petroinaan petroinansa
translative
petrakseen petraksensa
petroikseen petroiksensa
abessive
petrattaan petrattansa
petroittaan petroittansa
instructive
comitative
—petroineen petroinensa :

## Gallurese
### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin petra, borrowed from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra), of unknown further etymology.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetra/
* (La Maddalena) IPA: /ˈpɛtra/

### Noun

petra f (plural petri)
* stone
** (uncountable) a hard earthen substance that can form large rocks
** a piece of stone

### References

* 1 2 Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Gallurese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

## Interlingua
### Noun

petra (plural petras)
* stone

## Karelian

Regional variants of petra :
| North Karelian (Viena) | petra |
| South Karelian (Tver) | pedra |

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pëtra. Cognates include Finnish peura and Veps pedr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetrɑ/
* Hyphenation: pet‧ra

### Noun

petra (genitive petran, partitive petrua)
* (North Karelian) reindeer

#### Declension
### References

* P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “petra”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN

## Latin
### Etymology

A late borrowing from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “rock”), further etymology unknown.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä] or IPA: /ˈpet.ra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛːt̪rä]

### Noun

petra f (genitive petrae); first declension
* stone, rock
    Synonyms: lapis, saxum, silex

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* petrificātiō
* petrificō
* Petrus
* sāl petrae, sāl petræ (stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation)

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: cheatrã
** Romanian: piatră
* Dalmatian:
** pitra
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: petra
** Gallurese: petra
** Italian: pietra
** Neapolitan: preta
** Sassarese: predda
** Sicilian: petra
* Padanian:
** Friulian: piere
** Istriot: pera
** Ligurian: pria
** Lombard: preja, preda
** Piedmontese: preja, pera, pria, pira
** Venetan: piera
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: pedra
** Franco-Provençal: piérra
** Occitan: pèira, peira
** Old French: pierre
*** Middle French: pierre
**** French: pierre (see there for further descendants)
*** Walloon: pire
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: piedra
** Old Galician-Portuguese: pedra
*** Fala: pedra, peira
*** Galician: pedra
*** Portuguese: pedra (see there for further descendants)
** Spanish: piedra
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: petra, pedra, preda, perda
* Borrowings:
** → English: petra
** → Interlingua: petra

### References

* “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "petra", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* petra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “petra”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “petra”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “petra”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
* “petra”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈpɛ.tra/

### Noun

petra f
* (Far Masovian) wooden ladle (large wooden spoon for placing food in a bowl)

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “petra”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118

## Sicilian
### Etymology

From Latin petra.

### Noun

petra f
* stone

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetɾa/ [ˈpe.t̪ɾa]
* Rhymes: -etɾa
* Syllabification: pe‧tra

### Noun

petra f (plural petras)
* Myrceugenia exsucca, a tree of Chile and Argentina.