# hale
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /heɪl/
* Rhymes: -eɪl
* Homophone: hail
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Northern Middle English hal, hale, variants of hole (“healthy; safe; whole”) (whence whole), from Old English hāl, from Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole; entire; healthy”). See whole for more.

#### Adjective

hale (comparative haler, superlative halest)
* (dated) Sound, entire, healthy; robust, not impaired.
    Antonym: unhale
** 1731 November (date written), Jonathan Swift, “On the Death of Dr. Swift”, in Thomas Sheridan, John Nichols, editors, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, […], new edition, volume VIII, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1801, →OCLC, page 126:His stomach too begins to fail: / Last year we thought him strong and hale; / But now he's quite another thing: / I wish he may hold out till spring!
** 1883, Howard Pyle, chapter V, in The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood […], New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC:"Good morrow to thee, jolly fellow," quoth Robin, "thou seemest happy this merry morn." / "Ay, that am I," quoth the jolly Butcher, "and why should I not be so? Am I not hale in wind and limb? Have I not the bonniest lass in all Nottinghamshire? And lastly, am I not to be married to her on Thursday next in sweet Locksley Town?"

##### Usage notes

* Now rather uncommon, except in the stock phrase hale and hearty.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English hale, an alteration of hele (“health”) after Etymology 1. Cognate with Scots hale (“health”), German Heil (“salvation, well-being”).

#### Noun

hale (uncountable)
* (archaic) Health, welfare.
** c. 1515–1516 (date written; published 1568), John Skelton, “Against Venemous Tongues Enpoysoned with Sclaunder and False Detractions, &c.”, in Alexander Dyce, editor, The Poetical Works of John Skelton: […], volume I, London: Thomas Rodd, […], published 1843, →OCLC:Then let them vale a bonet of their proud ſayle, / And of their taunting toies reſt with il hayle.
** 1595, Ed. Spencer [i.e., Edmund Spenser], “Astrophel. A Pastoral Elegie vpon the Death of the Most Noble and Valorous Knight, Sir Philip Sidney.”, in Colin Clouts Come Home Againe, London: […] T[homas] C[reede] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, signature F2, recto:Eftſoones all heedleſſe of his deareſt hale, / Full greedily into the heard he thruſt: / To ſlaughter them, and vvorke their finall bale, / Leaſt that his toyle ſhould of their troups be bruſt.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From Middle English halen, from Anglo-Norman haler, from Old Dutch *halon (compare Dutch halen), from Proto-Germanic *halōną (compare Old English ġeholian, West Frisian helje, German holen), from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to lift”) (compare Latin ex-cellō (“to surpass”), Tocharian B käly- (“to stand, stay”), Albanian qell (“to halt, hold up, carry”), Lithuanian kélti (“to raise up”), Ancient Greek κελέοντες (keléontes, “upright beam on a loom”)). Doublet of haul.

#### Verb

hale (third-person singular simple present hales, present participle haling, simple past and past participle haled)
* (transitive) To drag or pull, especially forcibly.
** 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 6, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:For I had beene vilely hurried and haled by those poore men, which had taken the paines to carry me upon their armes a long and wearysome way, and to say truth, they had all beene wearied twice or thrice over, and were faine to shift severall times.
** 1636, John Denham, “The Destruction of Troy, an Essay on the Second Book of Virgil’s Æneis. Written in the Year 1636.”, in Poems and Translations; with the Sophy, a Tragedy, 5th edition, London: Printed for Jacob Tonson, […], published 1709, →OCLC, page 38:A ſpacious Breach we make, and Troy’s proud Wall / Built by the Gods, by our own hands doth fall; / Thus, all their help to their own Ruin give, / Some draw with Cords, and ſome the Monſter drive / With Rolls and Leavers, thus our Works it climbs, / Big with our Fate, the Youth with Songs and Rhimes, / Some dance, ſome hale the Rope; at laſt let down / It enters with a thund’ring Noiſe the Town.
** 1818–1819 (date written), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Prometheus Unbound”, in Prometheus Unbound […], London: C[harles] and J[ames] Ollier […], published 1820, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 21:The wingless, crawling hours, one among whom / —As some dark Priest hales the reluctant victim— / Shall drag thee, cruel King, to kiss the blood / From these pale feet, which then might trample thee / If they disdained not such a prostrate slave.
** 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “Walking to the Mail”, in Poems. […], volume II, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 51:By night we dragg'd her to the college tower / From her warm bed, and up the corkscrew stair / With hand and rope we haled the groaning sow, / And on the leads we kept her till she pigg'd.
** 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], “A Court Ball”, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC, page 9:He tried to persuade Cicely to stay away from the ball-room for a fourth dance. [...] But she said she must go back, and when they joined the crowd again her partner was haled off with a frightened look to the royal circle, [...]
** 1912, Robert W[illiam] Service, “The Wanderlust”, in Rhymes of a Rolling Stone, Toronto, Ont.: William Briggs, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 123:The Wanderlust has lured me to the seven lonely seas, / Has dumped me on the tailing-piles of dearth; / The Wanderlust has haled me from the morris chairs of ease, / Has hurled me to the ends of all the earth.
** 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial, published 2007, page 262:They will hale the King to Paris, and have him under their eye.

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* Aleh, Heal, Hela, Leah, heal

## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خلا (halâ, helâ, “toilet, water closet”), from Arabic خَلَاء (ḵalāʔ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haˈle/
* Rhymes: -le
* Hyphenation: ha‧lé

### Noun

hale f (plural hale, definite haleja, definite plural haletë) (colloquial)
* toilet, privy
    Synonyms: nevojtore, tualet

#### Declension
### References

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Mann, S. E. (1948) “hale”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 152
* Jungg, G. (1895) “hale”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 43
* Bufli, G., Rocchi, L. (2021) “hale”, in A historical-etymological dictionary of Turkisms in Albanian (1555–1954), Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, page 184

## Alemannic German
### Etymology

From Old High German *halēn. Compare Icelandic hallur (“steep”), from Old Norse hallr (“rock, stone”), from Proto-Germanic *halluz (“rock, stone; rockface, cliff”).

### Verb

hale
* (Uri) to be steep

### References

* Abegg, Emil, (1911) Die Mundart von Urseren (Beiträge zur Schweizerdeutschen Grammatik. IV.) [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & Co., page 35.

## Central Franconian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhaːlə/

### Verb

hale (third-person singular present hält, past tense heelt or hielt, past participle jehale or gehale or gehal)
* Alternative spelling of haale

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦalɛ]

### Verb

hale
* masculine singular present transgressive of halit

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːlə/, [ˈhæːlə]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hali.

#### Noun

hale c (singular definite halen, plural indefinite haler)
* tail, brush, scut
* bottom, fanny

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From late Old Norse hala, from Middle Low German halen.

#### Verb

hale (imperative hal, infinitive at hale, present tense haler, past tense halede, perfect tense har halet)
* haul, heave, pull
* drag

### Further reading

* hale on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

hale
* (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of halen

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

hale
* inflection of haler:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* héla

## Galician
### Verb

hale
* inflection of halar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Hawaiian
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *fale, from Proto-Central Pacific *vale, from Proto-Oceanic *pale, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈha.le/, [ˈhɐ.le]

### Noun

hale
* house, building
* institution
* lodge
* station, hall

#### Derived terms

* hale pule (“church”)
* hale ʻaina (“restaurant”)
* halemākaʻi (“police station”)
* kaʻa hale (“trailer”)

### Verb

hale
* to have a house

#### Derived terms

* hoʻohale

### References

* Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “hale”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English hē̆al-, hā̆l-, oblique stem of healh, from Proto-West Germanic *halh.
Doublet of *halgh (attested only in placenames), whence English haugh.

#### Alternative forms

* hal

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhaːl(ə)/

#### Noun

hale (plural hales)
* A corner of an area; a nook or cranny.
* A hidden or remote place.

##### Related terms

* halk

##### Descendants

* English: hale (dialectal)

#### References

* “hāle, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

From Anglo-Norman hale, halle, from Latin halla (“house, dwelling; court; palace; market hall”), from Frankish *hallu, from Proto-Germanic *hallō (“hall”). Doublet of halle (“hall”).

#### Alternative forms

* halle

#### Noun

hale (plural hales)
* hale (temporary structure for housing, entertaining, eating meals, etc.)

##### Descendants

* English: hale

#### References

* “hāle, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

hale
* Alternative form of haylen (“to hail”)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

hale (plural hales)
* Alternative form of halle (“hall”)

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

hale (uncountable)
* Alternative form of hayle (“hail”)

### Etymology 6
#### Noun

hale
* Alternative form of hele (“health”)

### Etymology 7
#### Adjective

hale
* Alternative form of hole (“healthy, whole”)

### Etymology 8
#### Adjective

hale
* Alternative form of holy (“holy”)

## Norman
### Verb

hale
* first-person singular present indicative of haler
* third-person singular present indicative of haler
* first-person singular present subjunctive of haler
* third-person singular present subjunctive of haler
* second-person singular imperative of haler

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hali.

#### Noun

hale m (definite singular halen, indefinite plural haler, definite plural halene)
* a tail (of an animal, aircraft, comet etc.)

##### Derived terms

* haleben, halebein
* halefinne
* halelaus
* haleløs
* hestehale
* tverrhalehauk

##### Related terms

* stjert

### Etymology 2

From late Old Norse hala, from Middle Low German halen.

#### Verb

hale (present tense haler, past tense halte, past participle halt)
* to haul, heave, pull
* to drag

### References

* “hale” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse hali.

### Noun

hale m (definite singular halen, indefinite plural halar, definite plural halane)
* a tail (of an animal, aircraft, comet etc.)

#### Derived terms

* halefinne
* halelaus
* hestehale
* tverrhalehauk

#### Related terms

* stjert

### References

* “hale” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxa.lɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alɛ
* Syllabification: ha‧le

### Noun

hale f
* nominative plural of hala
* accusative plural of hala
* vocative plural of hala

## Spanish
### Verb

hale
* inflection of halar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Swedish
### Adjective

hale
* definite natural masculine singular of hal

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish هاله, from Arabic هَالَة (hāla).

### Noun

hale (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])
* halo.

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “هاله”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2155
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hale”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ “hale”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu