# mono
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈmɒ.nəʊ/
** Audio (General Australian):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ˈmɑ.noʊ/
* (Indic) IPA: /ˈmoːnoː/
* Rhymes: -ɒnoʊ
* Hyphenation: mon‧o

### Etymology 1

Shortenings, ultimately from the prefix mono- (“one, single”).

#### Noun

mono (uncountable)
* (slang, UK, Australia) A bicycle or motorcycle trick where the front wheel is lifted off the ground while riding.
    Synonym: wheelie
* (eating disorders) A diet where someome eats only one type of food.
    plum mono ― plums-only diet (typically for a day)
* (category theory) Clipping of monomorphism.
* (pathology, informal) Clipping of mononucleosis.

##### Related terms

* monic

#### Adjective

mono (not comparable)
* (informal) Clipping of monochrome.
** 1985, PC Mag, volume 4, number 4, page 125:The excellent on-screen display of italics, superscripts and subscripts, and other niceties available on the color screen now display on mono monitors, but with the inherently superior text font of the mono mode.
* (informal) Clipping of monosexual.
    Coordinate terms: bi, pan
** 2013, Shiri Eisner, Bi: Notes for a Bisexual Revolution, →ISBN:People who do wish to be recognizable as trans or bi are often coercively passed off as cis or mono anyway.
** 2013, Dawn Atkins, Bisexual Women in the Twenty-First Century, →ISBN, page 37:That is, establishing as it does a replacement binary (mono versus bi, rather than hetero versus homo) it functions to erase lesbian and gay specificity. In turn, this fails to consider, and even elides, important structural inequities between the hetero- and homosexual categories. The difficulty of establishing bisexual legitimacy in a discursive context of oppositional categories was acknowledged by a number of participants. For some, invoking the mono/bi dichotomy affords bisexuality [...]

### Etymology 2

Clipping of monophonic.

#### Adjective

mono (not comparable)
* (informal) Monaural or monophonic; having only a single audio channel.
    Coordinate term: stereo
    Because many in the audience were very close to one of the speakers, the DJ decided to play the music in mono.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

Clipping of monoamorous.

#### Adjective

mono (comparative more mono, superlative most mono)
* (informal) Monoamorous, monogamous.
    Coordinate term: poly

#### Noun

mono (plural monos)
* (informal) A monogamous person.
** 2010, Leonie Linssen, Love Unlimited: The Joys and Challenges of Open Relationships:For some monos, there are no acceptable mono—poly solutions as far as they are concerned.

### See also

* mono no aware

### Anagrams

* Moon, OMON, moon, nomo-

## Aragonese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

mono m (plural monos)
* monkey

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “mono”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from French monnaie and English money, both from Latin monēta (“money, coin, mint”), from the name of the temple of Juno Moneta in Rome.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmono]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ono
* Hyphenation: mo‧no

### Noun

mono (accusative singular monon, plural monoj, accusative plural monojn)
* money
    La novgeedzoj devas ŝpareme vivi kiam ili savas sufiĉan monon por aĉeti domon.The newlyweds must live frugally as they save enough money to purchase a house.

#### Derived terms

* monaŭtomato
* nutramono
* senmona
* ŝanĝmono

### Anagrams

* nomo, omon

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmono/, [ˈmo̞no̞]
* Rhymes: -ono
* Hyphenation: mo‧no

### Etymology 1

From a trademark "Mono", registered in 1932 by Lahden Saapas- ja Lapikasteollisuus O.Y, since 1943 Mono Oy. The name, suggested by Arkki Laine, was chosen as result of a contest. The winner justified the name by explaining that it came from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos, “unique”), which described the positioning of the skiing shoes of the firm on the market. Additionally, the founder of the firm was Jussi Mononen.

#### Noun

mono
* (genericized trademark) ski boot
* (slang, by extension) shoe

##### Declension

Possessive forms of mono (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononi
mononi
accusative
nom.
mononi
mononi
gen.
mononi
genitive
mononi
monojeni
partitive
monoani
monojani
inessive
monossani
monoissani
elative
monostani
monoistani
illative
monooni
monoihini
adessive
monollani
monoillani
ablative
monoltani
monoiltani
allative
monolleni
monoilleni
essive
mononani
monoinani
translative
monokseni
monoikseni
abessive
monottani
monoittani
instructive
comitative
—monoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
monosi
monosi
accusative
nom.
monosi
monosi
gen.
monosi
genitive
monosi
monojesi
partitive
monoasi
monojasi
inessive
monossasi
monoissasi
elative
monostasi
monoistasi
illative
monoosi
monoihisi
adessive
monollasi
monoillasi
ablative
monoltasi
monoiltasi
allative
monollesi
monoillesi
essive
mononasi
monoinasi
translative
monoksesi
monoiksesi
abessive
monottasi
monoittasi
instructive
comitative
—monoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
monomme
monomme
accusative
nom.
monomme
monomme
gen.
monomme
genitive
monomme
monojemme
partitive
monoamme
monojamme
inessive
monossamme
monoissamme
elative
monostamme
monoistamme
illative
monoomme
monoihimme
adessive
monollamme
monoillamme
ablative
monoltamme
monoiltamme
allative
monollemme
monoillemme
essive
mononamme
monoinamme
translative
monoksemme
monoiksemme
abessive
monottamme
monoittamme
instructive
comitative
—monoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononne
mononne
accusative
nom.
mononne
mononne
gen.
mononne
genitive
mononne
monojenne
partitive
monoanne
monojanne
inessive
monossanne
monoissanne
elative
monostanne
monoistanne
illative
monoonne
monoihinne
adessive
monollanne
monoillanne
ablative
monoltanne
monoiltanne
allative
monollenne
monoillenne
essive
mononanne
monoinanne
translative
monoksenne
monoiksenne
abessive
monottanne
monoittanne
instructive
comitative
—monoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononsa
mononsa
accusative
nom.
mononsa
mononsa
gen.
mononsa
genitive
mononsa
monojensa
partitive
monoaan monoansa
monojaan monojansa
inessive
monossaan monossansa
monoissaan monoissansa
elative
monostaan monostansa
monoistaan monoistansa
illative
monoonsa
monoihinsa
adessive
monollaan monollansa
monoillaan monoillansa
ablative
monoltaan monoltansa
monoiltaan monoiltansa
allative
monolleen monollensa
monoilleen monoillensa
essive
mononaan mononansa
monoinaan monoinansa
translative
monokseen monoksensa
monoikseen monoiksensa
abessive
monottaan monottansa
monoittaan monoittansa
instructive
comitative
—monoineen monoinensa :

##### Synonyms

* (skiing shoe): hiihtokenkä

##### Derived terms

* antaa monoa
* kompleksimonot
* laskettelumono
* monottaa

#### Further reading

* “1. mono”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2

Clipping of monofoninen (“monophonic”).

#### Adjective

mono
* mono (having only a single audio channel)
    Synonym: monofoninen

##### Declension

Possessive forms of mono (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononi
mononi
accusative
nom.
mononi
mononi
gen.
mononi
genitive
mononi
monojeni
partitive
monoani
monojani
inessive
monossani
monoissani
elative
monostani
monoistani
illative
monooni
monoihini
adessive
monollani
monoillani
ablative
monoltani
monoiltani
allative
monolleni
monoilleni
essive
mononani
monoinani
translative
monokseni
monoikseni
abessive
monottani
monoittani
instructive
comitative
—monoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
monosi
monosi
accusative
nom.
monosi
monosi
gen.
monosi
genitive
monosi
monojesi
partitive
monoasi
monojasi
inessive
monossasi
monoissasi
elative
monostasi
monoistasi
illative
monoosi
monoihisi
adessive
monollasi
monoillasi
ablative
monoltasi
monoiltasi
allative
monollesi
monoillesi
essive
mononasi
monoinasi
translative
monoksesi
monoiksesi
abessive
monottasi
monoittasi
instructive
comitative
—monoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
monomme
monomme
accusative
nom.
monomme
monomme
gen.
monomme
genitive
monomme
monojemme
partitive
monoamme
monojamme
inessive
monossamme
monoissamme
elative
monostamme
monoistamme
illative
monoomme
monoihimme
adessive
monollamme
monoillamme
ablative
monoltamme
monoiltamme
allative
monollemme
monoillemme
essive
mononamme
monoinamme
translative
monoksemme
monoiksemme
abessive
monottamme
monoittamme
instructive
comitative
—monoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononne
mononne
accusative
nom.
mononne
mononne
gen.
mononne
genitive
mononne
monojenne
partitive
monoanne
monojanne
inessive
monossanne
monoissanne
elative
monostanne
monoistanne
illative
monoonne
monoihinne
adessive
monollanne
monoillanne
ablative
monoltanne
monoiltanne
allative
monollenne
monoillenne
essive
mononanne
monoinanne
translative
monoksenne
monoiksenne
abessive
monottanne
monoittanne
instructive
comitative
—monoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
mononsa
mononsa
accusative
nom.
mononsa
mononsa
gen.
mononsa
genitive
mononsa
monojensa
partitive
monoaan monoansa
monojaan monojansa
inessive
monossaan monossansa
monoissaan monoissansa
elative
monostaan monostansa
monoistaan monoistansa
illative
monoonsa
monoihinsa
adessive
monollaan monollansa
monoillaan monoillansa
ablative
monoltaan monoltansa
monoiltaan monoiltansa
allative
monolleen monollensa
monoilleen monoillensa
essive
mononaan mononansa
monoinaan monoinansa
translative
monokseen monoksensa
monoikseen monoiksensa
abessive
monottaan monottansa
monoittaan monoittansa
instructive
comitative
—monoineen monoinensa :

##### Derived terms

* monolevy
* monotoisto

#### Further reading

* “2. mono”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Anagrams

* moon

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔ.no/

### Etymology 1

Clipping of monophonique.

#### Adjective

mono (plural monos)
* monophonic, monaural

### Etymology 2

Clipping of moniteur + -o.

#### Noun

mono m (plural monos)
* (informal) supervisor, leader (in a camp)

### Further reading

* “mono”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmono/ [ˈmõ.nʊ]
* Rhymes: -ono

### Etymology 1

Unknown.

#### Adjective

mono (feminine mona, masculine plural monos, feminine plural monas)
* hornless
    Synonyms: mouco, fanado

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish mono.

#### Noun

mono m (plural monos)
* monkey

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “mono”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “mono”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “mono”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

mono (invariable)
* single (of one part)

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

mono (invariable)
* (relational) mono

### Anagrams

* -nomo, nomo, nomò

## Japanese
### Romanization

mono
* Rōmaji transcription of もの
* Rōmaji transcription of モノ

## Latvian
### Adjective

mono
* Clipping of monofonisks.

### Noun

mono f (invariable)
* Clipping of monofonija.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Uncertain, but probably borrowed from or related to Spanish mono.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈmõ.nu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈmõ.nu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈmo.no/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈmo.nu/

### Noun

mono m (plural monos)
* monkey, ape
* (figuratively) lazy or ugly person
* (figuratively) deadstock
* (figuratively) bulky waste

## Spanish
### Etymology

Haplographically from maimón (“monkey”), from Arabic مَيْمُون (maymūn, “baboon, mandrill”). Compare English monkey.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmono/ [ˈmo.no]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -ono
* Syllabification: mo‧no

### Adjective

mono (feminine mona, masculine plural monos, feminine plural monas, superlative monísimo)
* (Spain, colloquial) cute, pretty
    Synonyms: bonito, cuqui
* (Colombia, colloquial) blond, blonde
    Synonym: rubio

### Noun

mono m (plural monos, feminine mona, feminine plural monas)
* monkey
    Synonyms: chango, maimón, mico, simio, (Louisiana) macaco
* boiler suit, coveralls, overall, onesie (a one-piece suit combining trousers and jacket, worn for heavy or hot manual labour)
    Synonyms: mono de trabajo, mameluco, braga, buzo, overol
* jumpsuit, overalls (a one-piece item of clothing originally by parachutists)
* jumpsuit (a female one-piece item of clothing)
* (Chile, Peru) tracksuit, joggers (garment consisting of a top and trousers for sports and casual wear)
    Synonyms: buzo, chándal
* (Costa Rica, slang) vagina, vulva
* (Mexico, Chile) doll, puppet
    Synonym: muñeco
* (colloquial) withdrawal symptom
    Synonym: síndrome de abstinencia
    estar con el mono ― to have withdrawal symptoms

#### Derived terms

* amonado
* monada
* mono araña
* mono ardilla
* mono aullador
* mono barrigudo
* mono bigotudo
* mono de feria
* mono de repetición
* mono porfiado
* monono
* monos animados
* tener el mono
* trepamonos
* último mono

### Further reading

* “mono”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “mono”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
* Manuel Seco, Olimpia Andrés, Gabino Ramos (2023 August 3) “mono”, in Diccionario del español actual [Dictionary of Current Spanish] (in Spanish), third digital edition, Fundación BBVA [BBVA Foundation]
* mono | Diccionario • DELE Ahora