# harbor
## English
### Alternative forms

* harbour (Commonwealth)
* harborough, herborough, harborow (all obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (Canada) IPA: /ˈhɑɹbəɹ/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈhɑɹbɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhɑːbə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)bə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English herberwe, herber, from Old English herebeorg (“shelter, lodgings, quarters”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army shelter, refuge”), from *harjaz (“army”) + *bergō (“protection”), equivalent to Old English here (“army, host”) + beorg (“defense, protection, refuge”). Doublet of albergo and auberge. See also borrow, bury, harbinger, harry and here.

#### Noun

harbor (countable and uncountable, plural harbors) (American spelling)
* (countable) Any place of shelter.
    The neighborhood is a well-known harbor for petty thieves.
* (countable, nautical) A sheltered expanse of water, adjacent to land, in which ships may anchor or dock, especially for loading and unloading.
** 1582, Nicolas [i.e., Nicolo] Zeno; Antonio Zeno, “The Discouerie of the Isles of Frisland, Iseland, Engroueland, Estotiland, Drogeo and Icaria, Made by M. Nicolas Zeno, Knight, and M. Antonio His Brother”, in R[ichard] H[akluyt], compiler, Divers Voyages Touching the Discouerie of America, and the Ilands adiacent vnto the Same, […], London: […] [Thomas Dawson] for Thomas Woodcocke, […], →OCLC, signatures D4, recto – D4, verso:[T]here aboutes dwelt greate multitudes of people half wilde, hiding thẽſelues in caues of the grounde, of ſmall ſtature, and very fearefull, for as ſoone as they ſawe them they fled into their holes, and that there was a great riuer and very good harborough.
** 1881 October, Sarah Orne Jewett, “River Driftwood”, in The Atlantic Monthly, volume 48, number 288, page 510, column 2:A harbor, even if it is a little harbor, is a good thing, since adventurers come into it as well as go out, and the life in it grows strong, because it takes something from the world and has something to give in return.
* (countable, glassworking) A mixing box for materials.
* (obsolete, countable) A house of the zodiac, or the mansion of a heavenly body.
* (obsolete, uncountable) Shelter, refuge.

##### Derived terms

* Egg Harbor
* Friday Harbor
* Grays Harbor
* harborage, harbourage
* harbor gasket
* harbor master
* harbormaster, harbourmaster
* harbor of refuge
* harbor seal
* harbor town
* Mare Harbor
* safe harbor
* Two Harbors
* unharboured

##### Descendants

* → Cebuano: harbor
* → Marshallese: aba
* → Welsh: harbwr

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English herberwen, herbere, from Old English herebeorgian (“to take up one's quarters, lodge”), from the noun (see above).

#### Verb

harbor (third-person singular simple present harbors, present participle harboring, simple past and past participle harbored) (American spelling)
* (transitive) To provide a harbor or safe place for.
    The docks, which once harbored tall ships, now harbor only petty thieves.
** 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.
* (intransitive) To take refuge or shelter in a protected expanse of water.
    The fleet harbored in the south.
* (transitive) To drive (a hunted stag) to covert.
** 1819, John Mayer, The Sportsman's Directory, or Park and Gamekeeper's Companion:This is the time that the horseman are flung out, not having the cry to lead them to the death. When quadruped animals of the venery or hunting kind are at rest, the stag is said to be harboured, the buck lodged, the fox kennelled, the badger earthed, the otter vented or watched, the hare formed, and the rabbit set.
* (transitive) To hold or persistently entertain in one's thoughts or mind.
    She harbors a conviction that her husband has a secret, criminal past.
** 2007, Abraham J. Twerski, Happiness and the Human Spirit: The Spirituality of Becoming the Best You Can be, Jewish Lights Publishing, →ISBN, page 133:He said, “I am full of anger and bitterness at those people, but I will go to an AA meeting today and try to divest myself of these resentments, because if I hang on to resentments, I will drink again.” It occurred to me that this man was fortunate in being aware that harboring resentments is destructive.
** 2013, Sandra Brown, Where There's Smoke, Hachette UK, →ISBN, page 268:Once I returned to the U.S., rather than harboring a grudge toward my captors, I would insist on being reassigned to Montesangre, reopening the embassy, and reestablishing diplomatic relations with the new regime.
** 2019, Sophie Hannah, How to Hold a Grudge: From Resentment to Contentment—The Power of Grudges to Transform Your Life, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 43:No one is saying that we should forget important parts of our own life stories. But that's not the same thing as harboring a grudge, is it?

##### Derived terms

* harborer

##### Translations
### See also

* haven
* dock

### References

* “harbor”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “harbor”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
* “harbor”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* Random House Webster's Unabridged Electronic Dictionary, 1987-1996.

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From English harbor, from Middle English herberwen, herberȝen, from Middle English herebeorgian (“to take up one's quarters, lodge”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: har‧bor

### Verb

harbor
* (slang) to appropriate another person's property

### Noun

harbor
* (slang) appropriation; an act or instance of appropriating

### Derived terms

* harbat