# tir
## Translingual
### Symbol

tir
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tigrinya.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Tigrinya terms

## Breton
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

### Noun

tir m (plural tirioù)
* land

#### Inflection
## Catalan
### Etymology

Deverbal from tirar (“to shoot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtir]

### Noun

tir m (plural tirs)
* shot
* shooting (sport)

#### Derived terms

* tir amb arc
* tir olímpic

## Cornish
### Etymology

From Old Cornish tir, from Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

### Noun

tir m (plural tiryow)
* land, earth

### Mutation
## French
### Etymology

Deverbal from tirer (“to shoot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiʁ/
* Audio; “un tir”:(file)

### Noun

tir m (plural tirs)
* shot, shooting (of a weapon) [from 1660]
    tir précis ― precise shot
    tir au canon ― cannon firing
    tir à l’arc ― archery
* shooting (sport)
* shooting range [from 1826]
** 1854, Gérard de Nerval, “Angélique”, in Les Filles du feu [The Daughters of Fire]:Un tir a été établi pour les archers dans un des fossés qui se rapprochent de la ville.A range was set up for the archers in one of the ditches that approach the city.
* blasting (in mines)

#### Derived terms

* banquette de tir
* champ de tir
* corriger le tir
* fenêtre de tir
* rectifier le tir
* stand de tir
* tir à l’arc
* tir ami
* tir de barrage
* tir de semonce
* tir de sommation
* tir de suppression
* tir parthe
* tirer
* tirs au but

#### Descendants

* → Belarusian: цір (cir)
* → Russian: тир (tir)
* → Ukrainian: тир (tyr)

### Further reading

* “tir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* rit, rît
* tri

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɪr/
* Rhymes: -tir

### Etymology 1

From Malay tir; ultimately from Tamil தேர் (tēr).

#### Noun

tir (plural tir-tir)
* (chess) rook; castle
    Synonym: benteng
* (chess) bishop

##### Alternative forms

* tar
* ter

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

tir (plural tir-tir)
* alternative spelling of tar (“tar”)

### Further reading

* “tir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Tamil தேர் (tēr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [te(r)]
* Rhymes: -ir

### Noun

tir (Jawi spelling تير, plural tir-tir, informal 1st possessive tirku, 2nd possessive tirmu, 3rd possessive tirnya)
* (sports) The rook or castle piece in chess.
    Synonym: benteng

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: tir

#### See also

Chess pieces in Malay · buah catur بواه چاتور (layout · text) :
| raja, syah راج, شاه | bendahara, menteri, permaisuri, ratu بنداهارا, منتري, ڤرمايسوري, راتو | benteng, tir بينتيڠ, تير | gajah ݢاجه | kuda کودا | bidak, piadah, pion بيدق, ڤياده, ڤيون |

### Further reading

* “tir” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Cornish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tīros.

### Noun

tir
* earth, land
** c. 1200, Latin-Old Cornish Glossary in British Library MS Cotton Vespasian A XIV, folio 7 recto:
    Tellus. tir.Earth. — earth.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *tīraz, from Proto-Indo-European *dey-.
Cognate with Old Norse tírr (“glory, honour”) and Old Saxon tīr (“glory, renown”). Compare Proto-Germanic *tiari- (“neat, splendid”), whence Old High German ziari (“neat, beautiful, splendid”), Old High German zierī (German Zier (“splendour, beauty”)), German zieren (“to decorate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiːr/

### Noun

tīr m
* fame; glory; honour

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* tīrēadīg
* tīrfæst
* tīrfruma
* tīrlēas
* tīrmeahtiġ

#### Descendants

* Middle English: tir

### References

* ↑ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “tairi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 506

## Old Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. “dry land” as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include Latin terra, German dürr, English thirst.

### Noun

tir m
* land

#### Descendants

* Welsh: tir

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* TIR

### Etymology

From blue-and-white plates with the French initialism TIR (“Transports Internationaux Routiers”), which are put on vehicles matching the requirements of the TIR Convention.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtir/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ir
* Syllabification: tir

### Noun

tir m animal (related adjective tirowy)
* articulated lorry

#### Derived terms

* tirowiec
* tirówka

### Further reading

* tir in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* tir in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Rohingya
### Alternative forms

* 𐴃𐴞𐴌 (tir) — Hanifi Rohingya script

### Etymology

From Bengali তীর (tir), from Persian تیر (tir).

### Noun

tir (Hanifi spelling 𐴃𐴞𐴌)
* arrow

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French tir.

### Noun

tir n (uncountable)
* shooting (of a weapon)

#### Declension
## Sumerian
### Romanization

tir
* Romanization of 𒌁 (tir)

## Tatar
### Noun

tir
* sweat

## Waigali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtiɾ/

### Adjective

tir (Nisheigram)
* true

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh tir, from Old Welsh tir, from Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiːr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iːr

### Noun

tir m (plural tiroedd)
* land

#### Derived terms

* abatir (“abbey land”)
* ardir (“arable land, tillage”)
* blaendir (“foreground”)
* Canoldir (“Mediterranean”)
* cefndir (“background”)
* coetir (“woodland”)
* corstir (“marshland”)
* crastir (“parched land”)
* crindir (“parched land”)
* culdir (“isthmus”)
* cyfandir (“continent”)
* cyffindir (“frontier, ecotone”)
* cytir (“common”)
* diffeithdir (“wasteland”)
* ffendir (“fenland”)
* Ffindir (“Finland”)
* glastir (“pasture land, sward”)
* gwastatir (“level, plain”)
* gwlyptir (“wetland”)
* Iseldiroedd (“Netherlands”)
* llwyfandir (“plateau”)
* maestir (“open country”)
* mawndir (“peatland”)
* milltir (“mile”)
* mynydd-dir (“mountain land, hill country”)
* peithdir (“pampa”)
* pentir (“headland”)
* rhandir (“division, allotment”)
* rhostir (“moorland, heathland”)
* Swistir (“Switzerland”)
* tir agored (“champion land”)
* tir âr (“ploughland, arable land”)
* tir ar rent (“fief”)
* tir breiniol (“franchise”)
* tir bwrdais (“burgage”)
* tir caeedig (“enclosure, enclosed land”)
* tir comin (“common land”)
* tir diffaith (“wasteland”)
* tir eglwys (“glebe”)
* tir esgob (“bishopland”)
* tir ffermio (“farmland”)
* tir glas (“greenfield”)
* tir llan (“glebe”)
* tir mawr (“mainland”)
* tir neb (“no-man's land”)
* tir oer (“tierra fria”)
* tir poeth (“tierra caliente”)
* tir pori (“pasture, grazing land”)
* tir prysg (“scrubland”)
* tir rhydd-ddaliol (“freehold land”)
* tir rhyngafonol (“interfluve”)
* tir rhywiog (“tilth”)
* tir tro (“tillage”)
* tir tymherus (“tierra templada”)
* tir y goron (“crown land”)
* tir ymylol (“marginal land”)
* tir ysgol (“school ground”)
* ucheldir (“highland”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tir”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies