# 淤

| 淤 | U+6DE4, &#28132; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DE4 |
| ← 淣 [U+6DE3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 淥 → [U+6DE5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

淤 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水卜尸卜 (EYSY), four-corner 3813$_3$, composition ⿰氵於)
* mud, sediment
* clog up, silt up

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 630, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17665
* Dae Jaweon: page 1033, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1660, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6DE4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 閼 | *qran, *qeːn, *qaːd, *qad |
| 菸 | *qeːn, *qas |
| 於 | *qaː, *qa |
| 淤 | *qa, *qas |
| 箊 | *qa |
| 唹 | *qa |
| 扵 | *qa |
| 瘀 | *qas |
| 棜 | *qas |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qa, *qas): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 於 (OC *qaː, *qa).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yū (yu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^1$ / jyu$^2$ / jyu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̆
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ir / u / i
    (Teochew, Peng'im): e$^3$ / u$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yū
*** Zhuyin: ㄩ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yu
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^1$
*** Yale: yū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^1$ / jyu$^2$ / jyu$^3$
*** Yale: yū / yú / yu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^1$ / jy$^2$ / jy$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^1$ / yu$^2$ / yu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː⁵⁵/, /jyː³⁵/, /jyː³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: y$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ir
*** Tâi-lô: ir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: u
*** Tâi-lô: u
*** Phofsit Daibuun: w
*** IPA (Xiamen): /u⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i
*** Tâi-lô: i
*** Phofsit Daibuun: y
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Longyan): /i³³⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: e$^3$ / u$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̀ / ù
*** Sinological IPA : /ɯ²¹³/, /u²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: 'jo, 'joH
Rime :
| Character | 淤 | 淤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 央居切 | 依倨切 |
| Baxter | 'jo | 'joH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɨʌ/ | /ʔɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔiɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɨə̆/ | /ʔɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiɔ/ | /ʔiɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭo/ | /ĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯wo/ | /ʔi̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yū | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^1$ | jyu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qa/, /*qas/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 淤 | 淤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 15811 | 15817 |
| Phonetic component | 於 | 於 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 於 | 飫 |
| Old Chinese | /*qa/ | /*qas/ |

### Definitions

淤
* silt

### Compounds

* 放淤
* 淤塞 (yūsè)
* 淤泥 (yūní)
* 淤溉
* 淤滯 / 淤滞
* 淤積 / 淤积 (yūjī)
* 淤血 (yūxuè)
* 淤閼 / 淤阏 (yū'è)

### References

* 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “淤”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 58.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): よ (yo)、お (o)
* Kun: どろ (doro)

## Korean
### Hanja

淤 (eum 어 (eo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

淤: Hán Nôm readings: ứa
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.