# abis
## Albanian
### Etymology

From Late Latin abyssus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aˈbis]
* Rhymes: -is
* Hyphenation: a‧bís

### Noun

abis m (plural abise, definite abisi, definite plural abiset)
* (literary) abyss, deep
    Synonyms: humnerë, greminë, hon

#### Declension
### Further reading

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* “abis”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Mann, S. E. (1948) “abís”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 1

## Ambonese Malay
### Verb

abis
* finish

### Preposition

abis
* after

## Baba Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abis/

### Verb

abis
* alternative spelling of habis (“finish”)

## Estonian
### Noun

abis
* inessive singular of abi

## Iban
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈabɪs]
* Rhymes: -bis
* Hyphenation: a‧bis

### Adjective

abis
* completed; finished

### Verb

abis
* to complete; to finish

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈabɪs]
* Hyphenation: abis

### Etymology 1

From English abyss, from Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”).

#### Noun

abis (plural abis-abis)
* (oceanography) abyssal zone

### Etymology 2

From Batak.

#### Verb

abis
* infinitive, imperative, and colloquial of mengabis

##### Derived terms

* mengabis

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

abis
* (colloquial) alternative form of habis

### Further reading

* “abis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Verb

abīs
* second-person singular present active indicative of abeō

### References

* "abis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## North Moluccan Malay
### Etymology

From Classical Malay هابيس (habis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.bis/

### Verb

abis
* (transitive) to finish
    de pake itu barang abis ― he finished using that thing

#### References

* Betty Litamahuputty (2012) Ternate Malay: Grammar and Texts

## Old Irish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abyssus, from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaβʲisʲ]? [ˈaβʲis]?

### Noun

abis (gender unknown)
* abyss
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 51$^d$8
    is samlid insin rodaingnigestar Dia imna abissiueven so hath God made firm about the abysses
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55$^d$11
    Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fo·daimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n‑as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

#### Inflection

The gender and declension class are unclear in Old Irish. It was possibly a masculine o-stem as in Latin, while in the later language it is a feminine ī-stem.
The only attested inflected form in Old Irish is accusative plural abissiu, which points to a masculine io-stem, but then the nominative singular would be *abisse.

#### Descendants

* Irish: aibhéis (possibly or partially)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aibis, aibís”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French abysse.

### Noun

abis n (plural abisuri)
* abyss

#### Declension
## Sardinian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaβis/

### Noun

abis f
* plural of abi

## Simalungun Batak
### Noun

abis
* take

### References

* Zufri Hidayat et al. (2015). Kamus Bahasa Simalungun–Indonesia (2nd ed.). Medan: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sumatera Utara, p. 20.

## Turkish
### Noun

abis (definite accusative abisi, plural abisler)
* abyss

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
abis
abisler
definite accusative
abisi
abisleri
dative
abise
abislere
locative
abiste
abislerde
ablative
abisten
abislerden
genitive
abisin
abislerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
abisim
abislerim
2nd singular
abisin
abislerin
3rd singular
abisi
abisleri
1st plural
abisimiz
abislerimiz
2nd plural
abisiniz
abisleriniz
3rd plural
abisleri
abisleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
abisimi
abislerimi
2nd singular
abisini
abislerini
3rd singular
abisini
abislerini
1st plural
abisimizi
abislerimizi
2nd plural
abisinizi
abislerinizi
3rd plural
abislerini
abislerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
abisime
abislerime
2nd singular
abisine
abislerine
3rd singular
abisine
abislerine
1st plural
abisimize
abislerimize
2nd plural
abisinize
abislerinize
3rd plural
abislerine
abislerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
abisimde
abislerimde
2nd singular
abisinde
abislerinde
3rd singular
abisinde
abislerinde
1st plural
abisimizde
abislerimizde
2nd plural
abisinizde
abislerinizde
3rd plural
abislerinde
abislerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
abisimden
abislerimden
2nd singular
abisinden
abislerinden
3rd singular
abisinden
abislerinden
1st plural
abisimizden
abislerimizden
2nd plural
abisinizden
abislerinizden
3rd plural
abislerinden
abislerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
abisimin
abislerimin
2nd singular
abisinin
abislerinin
3rd singular
abisinin
abislerinin
1st plural
abisimizin
abislerimizin
2nd plural
abisinizin
abislerinizin
3rd plural
abislerinin
abislerinin :

### References

* “abis”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu