OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# pronomina
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

pronomina
* plural of pronomen

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch pronomina, plural form of pronomen, from Latin prōnōmen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pro.no.ˈmi.na/
* Rhymes: -na
* Hyphenation: pro‧no‧mi‧na

### Noun

pronomina (plural pronomina-pronomina)
* (grammar) pronoun: a type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective

#### Synonyms

* kata ganti
* kata ganti nama (Standard Malay)

#### Derived terms

* pronomina persona

### Further reading

* “pronomina” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Swedish pronomen, ultimately from Latin pronomen. Akin to Finnish pronomini.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈpronominɑ/, [ˈpro̞no̞ˌminɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈpronominɑ/, [ˈpro̞no̞ˌminɑ]
* Rhymes: -inɑ
* Hyphenation: pro‧no‧mi‧na

### Noun

pronomina
* (grammar) pronoun

#### Synonyms

* nimensihalliin

### References

* V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 27

## Latin
### Noun

prōnōmina
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of prōnōmen
# proteolisis
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English proteolysis.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /proteoˈlisis/ [pro.t̪e.oˈli.sɪs]
* Rhymes: -isis
* Syllabification: pro‧te‧o‧li‧sis

### Noun

proteolisis (plural proteolisis-proteolisis)
* (biochemistry) proteolysis: the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids, especially as part of the digestion of food

### Further reading

* “proteolisis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Spanish
### Noun

proteolisis f (plural proteolisis)
* proteolysis
# Muwaḥḥid
## English
### Adjective

Muwaḥḥid (not comparable)
* Alternative form of Muwahhid
** 1873, The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society‎, page 149:[…] the Muwaḥḥid dynasty.

### Noun

Muwaḥḥid (plural Muwaḥḥids)
* Alternative form of Muwahhid
** 1873, The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society‎, page 149:[…] the Imām of the Muwaḥḥids […]
# PTM
## English
### Noun

PTM (plural PTMs)
* (education) Initialism of parent–teacher meeting.
* (biochemistry, genetics) Initialism of posttranslational modification.

### Proper noun

PTM
* Initialism of Pashtun Tahafuz Movement.
** 2018 April 23, “Manzoor Pashteen: The young tribesman rattling Pakistan's army”, in BBC News:So far there has also been an almost total media blackout of PTM rallies, which attract substantial support.

### Anagrams

* MPT, MTP, PMT, TMP, TPM

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peˈteɛm/

### Noun

PTM (uncountable)
* (education) initialism of pembelajaran tatap muka (“face-to-face learning”).
* (medicine, pathology) initialism of penyakit tidak menular (“non-communicable disease”).

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* ptm

### Interjection

PTM
* (Internet slang, text messaging) initialism of puta madre (“motherfucker, fuck”)
# pulang tongsan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From pulang (“to return, to go home”) +‎ tongsan (“China”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpulaŋ ˈtɔŋ.san]

### Verb

pulang tongsan
* (colloquial) to return to hometown

### Further reading

* “pulang tongsan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# purba
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay purba, ultimately from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “initial, first”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpʊrba]
* Hyphenation: pur‧ba

### Adjective

purba
* ancient, former
    Synonyms: mula-mula, permulaan, dahulu

#### Alternative forms

* purba-

#### Derived terms

* kepurbaan

#### Related terms

* purwa

### Further reading

* “purba” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

purba
* Romanization of ꦥꦸꦂꦧ

## Kabuverdianu
### Alternative forms

* prová (Barlavento)

### Etymology

From Portuguese provar.

### Verb

purba
* (Sotavento) taste

### References

* Gonçalves, Manuel (2015) Capeverdean Creole-English dictionary, →ISBN
* Brüser, Martina, dos Reis Santos, André, Lang, Jürgen (2002) Dicionário do Crioulo da Ilha de Santiago (Cabo Verde) : com equivalentes de tradução em alemão e português / Wörterbuch des Kreols der Insel Santiago (Kapverde), →ISBN
* Veiga, Manuel (2012) Dicionário Caboverdiano-Português, Instituto da Biblioteca Nacional e do Livro

## Karo Batak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva).

### Noun

purba
* east, one of compass points

#### Coordinate terms

compass points:
| mangabia | utara | irisen |
| pustima | | purba |
| nariti | daksina | aguni |

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “initial, first”).

### Adjective

purba (Jawi spelling ڤوربا)
* ancient, former

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* kepurbaan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* purba-purba [reduplication] (redup)
* sepurba [comparability] (se-)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: purba

### Further reading

* “purba” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Portuguese provar and Spanish probar and Kabuverdianu purba.

### Verb

purba
* to taste
* to try, to attempt

## Toba Batak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva).

### Noun

purba
* east, one of compass points

#### Coordinate terms

compass points:
| manabia | utara | irisanna |
| pastima hasundutan | | purba habinsaran |
| nariti | dangsina | anggoni |
# qiraah
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay [Term?], from Arabic قِرَاءَة (qirāʔa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kiˈraah/
* Rhymes: -ah, -h
* Hyphenation: qi‧ra‧ah

### Noun

qiraah (plural qiraah-qiraah)
* (Islam) reading:
** an event at which written material is read aloud
    Synonym: pembacaan
** a piece of literature or passage of scripture read aloud to an audience
    Synonym: bacaan

#### Alternative forms

* kiraah
* kiraat

### References

* ↑ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎, Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

### Further reading

* “qiraah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# tamagoyaki
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 卵焼き (literally “grilled egg”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

tamagoyaki (uncountable)
* A Japanese omelette made by rolling together several layers of cooked egg, usually prepared in a rectangular pan.

#### Synonyms

* dashimaki
* tamago

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Japanese 卵焼(たまごや)き (tamagoyaki, literally “grilled egg”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tamaɡoˈjaki]
* Hyphenation: ta‧ma‧go‧ya‧ki

### Noun

tamagoyaki (plural tamagoyaki-tamagoyaki)
* (cooking) tamagoyaki

### Further reading

* “tamagoyaki” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

tamagoyaki
* Rōmaji transcription of たまごやき
# Ausztria
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Latin Austria, a Latinization of an early form of German Österreich (“eastern empire”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒustrijɒ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Auszt‧ria
* Rhymes: -jɒ

### Proper noun

Ausztria
* Austria (a country in Central Europe; official name: Osztrák Köztársaság)

#### Derived terms

* ausztriai

#### Related terms

* osztrák

### See also

* Albánia
* Andorra
* Ausztria
* Azerbajdzsán
* Belgium
* Bosznia-Hercegovina
* Bulgária
* Ciprus
* Csehország
* Dánia
* Egyesült Királyság
* Észak-Macedónia
* Észtország
* Fehéroroszország
* Finnország
* Franciaország
* Görögország
* Grúzia, Georgia
* Hollandia
* Horvátország
* Izland
* Írország
* Kazahsztán
* Koszovó
* Lengyelország
* Lettország
* Liechtenstein
* Litvánia
* Luxemburg
* Magyarország
* Málta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegró
* Németország
* Norvégia
* Olaszország
* Oroszország
* Örményország
* Portugália
* Románia
* San Marino
* Spanyolország
* Svájc
* Svédország
* Szerbia
* Szlovákia
* Szlovénia
* Törökország
* Ukrajna
* Vatikán
# pasiva
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpasɪva], [ˈpasiːva]
* Rhymes: -ɪva, -iːva
* Hyphenation: pa‧si‧va

### Noun

pasiva
* inflection of pasivum:
** genitive singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative plural

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paˈsiva]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iva
* Hyphenation: pa‧si‧va

### Adjective

pasiva (accusative singular pasivan, plural pasivaj, accusative plural pasivajn)
* passive (not active)
    Antonym: aktiva
* passive (not inclined to act)
    Antonym: agema

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈsiva/

### Adjective

pasiva
* passive (not active)
    Antonym: aktiva
* passive (not inclined to act)
    Antonym: agema

#### Derived terms

* pasiveso

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch passiva, from Latin passiva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paˈsiva]
* Hyphenation: pa‧si‧va

### Noun

pasiva (plural)
* (accounting) liabilities
    Synonym: kredit
    Antonym: aktiva

### Further reading

* “pasiva” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Slovene
### Verb

pásiva
* first-person dual imperative of pásti (“to graze”)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈsiba/ [paˈsi.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -iba
* Syllabification: pa‧si‧va

### Adjective

pasiva
* feminine singular of pasivo
# taman Eden
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of taman (“garden”) +‎ Eden.

### Proper noun

taman Eden
* (Abrahamism) Garden of Eden: In the Book of Genesis of the Bible and Surat Sad of the Qur'an, a garden at the source of the Gihon, Pishon, Tigris, and Euphrates rivers, where Adam and Eve first lived after being created

### Further reading

* “taman Eden” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# radiasi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch radiatie, from French radiation, from Latin radiatio, radiationem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [radiˈasi]
* Hyphenation: ra‧di‧a‧si

### Noun

radiasi
* (physics) radiation,
** the shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like diverging rays of light
    Synonym: penyinaran
** the process of radiating waves or particles
** the transfer of energy via radiation (as opposed to convection or conduction)
** radioactive energy
    Synonym: sinaran (Standard Malay)

### Further reading

* “radiasi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# raffinaderij
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛi̯
* Hyphenation: raf‧fi‧na‧de‧rij

### Noun

raffinaderij f (plural raffinaderijen, diminutive raffinaderijtje n)
* refinery

#### Derived terms

* olieraffinaderij

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: raffinaderij

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing of Dutch raffinaderij (“refinery”).

### Noun

raffinaderij (uncountable)
* refinery

#### Related terms

* gula rafinasi

### Further reading

* “raffinaderij” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ragawi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From raga +‎ -i.

### Adjective

ragawi
* physical, as pertaining to (human) bodily functions
    Synonyms: jasmani, jasmaniah, badaniah, fisik

### Further reading

* “ragawi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# hydropically
## English
### Etymology

From hydropical +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

hydropically (comparative more hydropically, superlative most hydropically)
* In a hydropical (dropsical) manner.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. (See the entry for “hydropically”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

### Anagrams

* caryophyllid
# rahang
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay rahang.

### Noun

rahang (plural rahang-rahang)
* (anatomy) jaw

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəkaŋ, compare Old Javanese wĕhaṅ.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aŋ

### Noun

rahang (Jawi spelling راهڠ, plural rahang-rahang, informal 1st possessive rahangku, 2nd possessive rahangmu, 3rd possessive rahangnya)
* (anatomy) jaw

#### Descendants

* > Indonesian: rahang (inherited)

### Further reading

* “rahang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# rahasia umum
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From rahasia (“secret”) +‎ umum (“public”), literally “public secret”, calque of Dutch publiek geheim.

### Noun

rahasia umum
* a supposed secret known to many; an open secret

### Further reading

* “rahasia umum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# mapagpatawad
## Tagalog
### Etymology

From mapag- +‎ patawad.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /mapaɡpaˈtawad/ [mɐ.pɐɡ.pɐˈt̪aː.wɐd̪̚]
* Rhymes: -awad
* Syllabification: ma‧pag‧pa‧ta‧wad

### Adjective

mapagpatawad (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜆᜏᜇ᜔)
* forgiving
# hydropically
## English
### Etymology

From hydropical +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

hydropically (comparative more hydropically, superlative most hydropically)
* In a hydropical (dropsical) manner.
* thirstily, unquenchably

### References

* “hydropically”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* caryophyllid
# ransum
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch rantsoen (“ration”), from French ration, from Latin ratiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈransʊm]
* Hyphenation: ran‧sum

### Noun

ransum (uncountable)
* ration: a portion of some limited resource allocated to a person or group
    Synonyms: catu, jatah, pelabur
* diet: a controlled regimen of food and drink, as to gain or lose weight or otherwise influence health

#### Alternative forms

* rangsum

#### Derived terms

* meransum
* peransuman
* ransuman
* ransum anak
* ransum bakal
* ransum lengkap
* ransum pembibit
* ransum pemula
* ransum penggemuk
* ransum penumbuh
* ransum petelur
* ransum seimbang
* ransum termakan

### Further reading

* “ransum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Middle English
### Noun

ransum
* Alternative form of raunsoun
# Anastasia
## English
### Etymology

From the name of a 4th-century martyr, Ancient Greek Ἀναστασία (Anastasía), from ἀνάστασις (anástasis, “resurrection”). The name, and its male counterpart Anastasius, were originally given to children who were born around Eastertime during the early years of Christianity.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /æn.əˈsteɪ.ʒə/, /æn.əˈsteɪ.ʃə/, /æn.əˈsteɪ.ʒi.ə/, /æn.əˈstɑ.si.ə/, /ɑ.nəˈstɑ.si.ə/, /ɑ.nəˈstɑ.ʃə/, /æn.əˈsteɪ.ʃi.ə/
* Audio (Southern England):noicon(file)

### Proper noun

Anastasia
* A female given name from Ancient Greek.
* A surname

#### Alternative forms

* Anastacia
* Anastatia
* Anastazia

#### Derived terms

* Anastacia
* Anastatia
* Nastasia
* Nastassia
* Nastenka
* Nastia
* Stacee
* Stacey
* Stacy
* Stasia
* Statia
* Tacha
* Tasia

#### Translations
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /anasˈtasja/ [a.nasˈt̪a.sja]
* Rhymes: -asja
* Syllabification: A‧nas‧ta‧sia

### Proper noun

Anastasia f
* a female given name

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Anastasia.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔanasˈtasja/ [ʔɐ.n̪ɐsˈt̪aː.ʃɐ]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ʔanasˈtasja/ [ʔɐ.n̪ɐsˈt̪as.jɐ]
* Rhymes: -asja
* Syllabification: A‧nas‧tas‧ia
* Homophone: Anastacia

### Proper noun

Anastasia (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜐ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌ)
* a female given name from English [in turn from Ancient Greek]
# tamasya
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* temasya: nonstandard Indonesian, standard Malay

### Etymology

From Persian تماشا (tamâšâ, “sightseeing”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [taˈma.ʃa]
* Hyphenation: ta‧ma‧sya

### Noun

tamasya (plural tamasya-tamasya)
* sightseeing, the activity of going out looking at things
    Synonyms: temasa, temasya

#### Derived terms

* bertamasya

### Further reading

* “tamasya” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# paspor
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch paspoort, from Middle Dutch passepoort, from Middle French passeport.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpas.pɔr]
* Hyphenation: pas‧por

### Noun

paspor (plural paspor-paspor)
* passport (official document)

#### Alternative forms

* pasport (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)

#### Derived terms

* berpaspor

### Further reading

* “paspor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Mauritian Creole
### Etymology

From French passeport.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paspoː]

### Noun

paspor
* passport
# muttonchop
## English
### Alternative forms

* mutton chop, mutton-chop

### Etymology

From mutton +‎ chop. The hairstyle is named after the typical shape of these cuts.

### Noun

muttonchop (plural muttonchops)
* A cut of sheep's meat, often containing a section of a rib.
* (figurative, in the plural) A facial hairstyle consisting of long, usually shaped sideburns extending well below the earlobes without a beard.
    Synonym: mutton-chop whiskers
** 1905, Willa Cather, “The Marriage of Phaedra”, in Troll Garden:He had a fresh complexion, eyes of that common uncertain shade of gray, and was closely shaven except for the incipient muttonchops on his ruddy cheeks.

#### Derived terms

* friendly muttonchop
# patologi klinik
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of patologi +‎ klinik.

### Noun

patologi klinik (uncountable)
* (medicine, pathology) clinical pathology: pathology carried out in a hospital environment; pathology as an applied science with focus on the needs of clinical activity (that is, diagnosis and treatment in each patient)

#### Alternative forms

* patologi klinikal (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
# patriarkat
## Danish
### Etymology

patriark +‎ -at

### Noun

patriarkat n (singular definite patriarkatet, plural indefinite patriarkater)
* patriarchy
* patriarchate

#### Further reading

* “patriarkat” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “patriarkat” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* patriarchat (obsolete, archaic)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch patriarchaat, from French patriarcat, from Middle French patriarcat, from Old French patriarcat, from Medieval Latin patriarchatus, from Ancient Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “patriarch”). Doublet of patriarki.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.tri.ˈar.kat̚/
* Rhymes: -kat, -at, -t
* Hyphenation: pat‧ri‧ar‧kat

### Noun

patriarkat (uncountable)
* patriarchy
* patriarchate

#### Related terms

* patriark
* patriarkal
* patriarki
* patriarkis

### Further reading

* “patriarkat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Swedish
### Etymology

From French patriarcat, from Medieval Latin patriarchatus, used since 1610.

### Noun

patriarkat n
* a patriarchy, a social system dominated by men
* a patriarchate, the rule or office of a patriarch, a high bishop

#### See also

* matriarkat

### References

* patriarkat in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* patriarkat in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* patriarkat in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# ルㇷ゚
## Ainu
### Etymology

Proto-Ainu *du=p L (“ice”).

### Noun

ルㇷ゚ • (rup)
* ice

### References

* ↑ Vovin, Alexander V. (1993) Leiden: E.J. Brill, editors, A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu.
   * 単語リスト（アイヌ語・日本語）―石狩川― (Tango List Ainu-go Nihon-go - Ishikari River, “Word List (Ainu / Japanese) - Ishikari River”)‎ (in Japanese), Sapporo, Hokkaidō: 公益財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2014 (Hokkaido)
# pecahan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed pecah +‎ -an, from Malay pecahan. The sense of fraction is a semantic loan from Dutch breuk (“fraction”, literally “fracture, break”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pə.t͡ʃa.han/
* Rhymes: -han, -an
* Hyphenation: pê‧cah‧an

### Noun

pêcahan (plural pecahan-pecahan)
* fragment
    Synonym: serpihan
* (mathematics) fraction
* (finance) denomination: a unit in a series of money
    Synonym: denominasi

#### Derived terms

* pecahan berulang
* pecahan lancung
* pecahan murni
* pecahan takmurni

### Further reading

* “pecahan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From pecah (broken) +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pə.t͡ʃa.han/
* Rhymes: -han, -an

### Noun

pecahan (Jawi spelling ڤچهن, plural pecahan-pecahan, informal 1st possessive pecahanku, 2nd possessive pecahanmu, 3rd possessive pecahannya)
* (mathematics) fraction

#### Derived terms

* pecahan tak wajar
* pecahan wajar

### Further reading

* "pecahan" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
* “pecahan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.