OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# atau
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* atawa (1901–1947)
* ataoe (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From earlier ataoe, from Malay atau (“or”), from Old Malay अथवा (athavā), from Pali atha vā (“or”), from Sanskrit अथो (atho) < अथवा (athavā, “or, rather”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈatau̯/ [ˈa.t̪au̯]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atau̯
* Syllabification: a‧tau

### Conjunction

atau
* or

### Further reading

* “atau” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

atau
* Rōmaji transcription of あたう

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* atawa (uncommon)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अथवा (athavā, “or, rather”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [a.tau̯]
* Rhymes: -tau̯, -au̯
* Hyphenation: a‧tau

### Conjunction

atau (Jawi spelling اتاو)
* or
** 1812, William Marsden, A Dictionary of the Malayan language in two parts, Malayan and English and English and Malayan‎, →OCLC, page 2:Pada sūltan atau pada mantrī-niaTo the sultan or to his ministers

### Further reading

* “atau” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# aterm
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch-French à terme.

### Noun

aterm (plural aterm-aterm)
* (medicine) full term, at term: with respect to a pregnancy, the period during which birth usually happens (approximately 40 weeks from conception)
# atribut
## Albanian
### Noun

atribut
* attribute

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ə.tɾiˈβut]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ə.tɾiˈbut]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.tɾiˈbut]

### Noun

atribut m (plural atributs)
* attribute
    Synonyms: tret, característica, propietat, qualitat

#### Related terms

* atribuir

### Further reading

* “atribut” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “atribut”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “atribut” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “atribut” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈatrɪbut]

### Noun

atribut m inan
* attribute

#### Related terms

* See tribut

### Further reading

* “atribut”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “atribut”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “atribut”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch attribuut, from French attribut, from Latin attributum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [atˈri.bʊt]
* Hyphenation: at‧ri‧but

### Noun

atribut (plural atribut-atribut)
* attribute,
** a characteristic or quality of a thing
** (grammar) a word that qualifies a noun, a qualifier
** (archaeology) a characteristic or quality of an artifact
* (figurative) paraphernalia, miscellaneous items, especially the set of equipment required for a particular activity; stuff
* (figurative) symbol, insignia, emblem

#### Derived terms

* beratribut
* diatributkan
* mengatributkan

#### Related terms

* atribusi
* atributif

### Further reading

* “atribut” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French attribut, from Latin attributum.

### Noun

atribut n (plural atribute)
* attribute

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /atrǐbuːt/
* Hyphenation: a‧tri‧but

### Noun

atrìbūt m (Cyrillic spelling атрѝбӯт)
* attribute
# Aurelia
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin Aurēlia, feminine form of the Roman gens name Aurēlius, from aureus (“golden”).

### Proper noun

Aurelia f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Ulmaridae – moon jellies.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Cnidaria – phylum; Scyphozoa - class; Discomedusae - subclass; Semaeostomeae - order; Ulmaridae - family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Aurelia aurita, Aurelia labiata - selected spcies

### References

* Aurelia (genus) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Aurelia (Ulmaridae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Aurelia on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Aurēlia, the feminine form of the Roman gens name Aurēlius, from aureus (“golden”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Aurelia (plural Aurelias)
* A female given name from Latin.

#### Derived terms

* Aura
* Auralee
* Aura Lee
* Aura-Lee
* Ora
* Ora-Lee
* Ora Lee
* Oralee

#### Translations
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish Aurelia, from Latin Aurēlia.

### Proper noun

Aurelia
* a female given name from Spanish [in turn from Latin], equivalent to English Aurelia

## Estonian
### Proper noun

Aurelia
* a female given name, equivalent to English Aurelia

#### Related terms

* Auli
* Reeli
* Reelika
* Reili

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* Aurel (apocopated)
* Aurellia

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Aurelia, from Latin Aurēlia.

### Proper noun

Aurelia
* a female given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Aurelia

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Aurēlia.

### Proper noun

Aurelia f
* a female given name, equivalent to English Aurelia

### Anagrams

* laureai

## Latin
### Etymology

Feminine form of Aurēlius.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /au̯ˈreː.li.a/, [äu̯ˈreːlʲiä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /au̯ˈre.li.a/, [äu̯ˈrɛːliä]

### Proper noun

Aurēlia f (genitive Aurēliae, masculine Aurēlius); first declension
* A feminine praenomen.

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Aurēlia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /awˈrɛ.lja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlja
* Syllabification: Au‧re‧lia

### Proper noun

Aurelia f (male equivalent Aureli or Aureliusz)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Aurelia

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Aurelia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Aurēlia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /auˈɾelja/ [au̯ˈɾe.lja]
* Rhymes: -elja
* Syllabification: Au‧re‧lia

### Proper noun

Aurelia f
* a female given name, equivalent to English Aurelia
# autoklaf
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch autoclaaf, from French autoclave.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [au̯ˈtoklaf]
* Hyphenation: au‧to‧klaf

### Noun

autoklaf (uncountable)
* autoclave: a strong, pressurized, heated vessel, as for laboratory experiments, sterilization, cooking or mineral processing

#### Alternative forms

* otoklaf

### Further reading

* “autoklaf” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# averoisme
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed Averroes +‎ -isme, Borrowed from Dutch Averroïsme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ve.ro.ˈɪs.mə/
* Rhymes: -mə, -ə
* Hyphenation: a‧ve‧ro‧is‧mê

### Noun

averoismê (plural averoisme-averoisme)
* Averroism

### Further reading

* “averoisme” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ayah permandian
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of ayah +‎ permandian.

### Noun

ayah permandian (plural ayah-ayah permandian)
* (Christianity) godfather: a man present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner; a male godparent who sponsors the baptism of a child
    Synonyms: ayah baptis, bapak baptis
    Hypernym: wali baptis

### Further reading

* “ayah permandian” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ayam jantan dewasa
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of ayam jantan +‎ dewasa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈajam ˈd͡ʒantan deˈwasa/

### Noun

ayam jantan dewasa (plural ayam-ayam jantan dewasa)
* cock, rooster

### Further reading

* “ayam jantan dewasa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# awitan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Javanese awitan (“having a beginning or origin, making a start”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /aˈwitan/ [aˈwit̪̚.an]
* Rhymes: -itan
* Syllabification: a‧wit‧an

### Noun

awitan (plural awitan-awitan)
* (medicine) onset: the initial phase of a disease or condition, in which symptoms first become apparent
    Synonym: onset

#### Derived terms

* awitan akut

### Further reading

* “awitan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed wit +‎ a- +‎ -an.

### Verb

awitan
* having a beginning or origin, making a start
    Synonym: mawitan

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: awitan (learned)

### Further reading

* "awitan" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# ayat
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian آیت, from Arabic آيَة (ʔāya, “sign, token”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɪ.(j)ɑt/

### Noun

ayat (plural ayats)
* Alternative form of ayah (“verse of the Quran”)

### Noun

ayat
* plural of ayah (“verse of the Quran”)

### Anagrams

* Taya

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic حَيَاة (ḥayāh).

### Noun

ayat
* life
* living room

#### Synonyms

* sembol, belirti

### References

* “ayat”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Iban
### Pronunciation

IPA: /a.jat/

### Noun

ayat
* sentence

## Ilocano
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: a‧yát
* IPA: /ʔaˈjat/, [ʔɐˈjat]

#### Noun

ayát
* love
* delight
* liking; pleasure

##### Derived terms

* agayat
* ayaten
* makaayat
* naayat
* umayat

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ayat (“to threaten”).

#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: á‧yat
* IPA: /ˈʔajat/

#### Noun

áyat.
* act of putting a cock into the sight of another cock before a cockfight

##### Derived terms

* iayat
* umayat

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay ayat, from Arabic آيَة (ʔāya, “sign, token”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈajat̚]
* Rhymes: -ajat, -jat, -at, -t
* Hyphenation: ayat

### Noun

ayat (plural ayat-ayat)
* sign
    Synonyms: alamat, tanda
* (Islam) ayat: verse of the Quran
* (law) clause (Can we verify this sense?)
    Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia adalah Kepolisian Nasional yang merupakan satu kesatuan dalam melaksanakan peran sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1). ― National Police Republic of Indonesia is national police in unity in application of the role in the clause (1).
* (law) section or paragraph
* (Islam) proof
    Synonym: bukti
* (accounting) entry: a formal record that documents a transaction
    Synonym: catatan (Standard Malay)

#### Derived terms

* ayat jurnal gabungan
* ayat jurnal penutup
* ayat jurnal penyesuaian
* ayat kauniah
* ayat kitabullah
* ayat penyesuaian

### Further reading

* “ayat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -at

### Noun

ayat (Jawi spelling ايات, plural ayat-ayat, informal 1st possessive ayatku, 2nd possessive ayatmu, 3rd possessive ayatnya)
* (Malaysia, grammar) sentence

#### Synonyms

* (Indonesia) kalimat

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: ayat

### Further reading

* “ayat” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# ayun
## Iban
### Pronunciation

IPA: /a.jun/

### Noun

ayun
* cradle

### Verb

ayun
* to lift and throw away
* to swing (back and forth)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay ayun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”), from Proto-Austronesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈajʊn/
* Hyphenation: ayun

### Noun

ayun (uncountable)
* swing, swinging: the act or motion of that which swings

#### Derived terms

* ayun-temayun
* ayunan
* berayun
* berayun-ayun
* mengayun
* mengayunkan
* pengayun
* terayun
* ayun balik

### Further reading

* “ayun” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kapampangan
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hayun (“shake, sway, swing”). Compare Cebuano hayon, Malay ayun, and Javanese ꦲꦪꦸꦤ꧀ (ayun).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈjun/ [əˈjun]
* Hyphenation: a‧yun

### Noun

ayun
* earthquake

#### Derived terms

* ayun-ayun
* mamayun
* mayun
* miayunan
* minayun

### Further reading

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*hayun”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”), from Proto-Austronesian *ayun (“to swing, oscillate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /pon/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /pʊn/
* Rhymes: -yun, -un

### Noun

ayun (plural ayun-ayun, informal 1st possessive ayunku, 2nd possessive ayunmu, 3rd possessive ayunnya)
* to swing

#### Derived terms

* ayun-temayun
* ayunan
* berayun
* berayun-ayun
* mengayun
* mengayunkan
* pengayun
* terayun

### Further reading

* “ayun” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Sranan Tongo
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch ajuin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈjuŋ/, /aˈjun/, [a̠ˈjuŋ], [ɑ̟ˈjuŋ]

### Noun

ayun
* onion

#### Descendants

* Aukan: ayun
* → Kari'na: ajunu, junu

### References

* Wilner, John, editor (2003-2007), “ayun”, in Languages of Suriname, 5th edition, SIL International, Sranan-English Dictionary

## Yoruba
### Etymology

From a- (“agent prefix”) +‎ yùn (“to cut something with a saw”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ā.jũ̀/

### Noun

ayùn
* saw
    Ó mú ayùn gé irin ― He used a saw to cut the metal
# ayomas
## Indonesian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ˈjo.mas/
* Rhymes: -mas
* Hyphenation: a‧jo‧mas

### Noun

ayomas (plural ayomas-ayomas)
* dried tree bark

### Further reading

* “ayomas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# azuki
## English
### Noun

azuki
* Alternative spelling of adzuki

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Japanese 小豆(あずき) (azuki).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈazuki]
* Hyphenation: azu‧ki

### Noun

azuki (uncountable)
* the azuki bean, Vigna angularis

### Further reading

* “azuki” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

azuki
* Rōmaji transcription of あずき
* Rōmaji transcription of アズキ

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

azuki m (Cyrillic spelling азуки)
* azuki bean
    Synonym: adzuki
# babit
## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧bit

### Noun

babit
* a kind of diving weight

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.bɪt/
* Rhymes: -bɪt
* Hyphenation: ba‧bit

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay دبابيتکن (babit).

#### Root

babit
* (archaic) to involve, to implicate

##### Derived terms

* dibabitkan
* membabitkan
* terbabit

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English babbitt.

#### Noun

babit (plural babit-babit)
* (metallurgy) babbitt: a soft white alloy of variable composition (for example, nine parts of tin to one of copper, or fifty parts of tin to five of antimony and one of copper) used in bearings to diminish friction

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Javanese ꦧꦧꦶꦠ꧀ (babit, “to swing, to slash”).

#### Verb

babit
* to swing, to slash

### Further reading

* “babit” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

babit
* Romanization of ꦧꦧꦶꦠ꧀

## Occitan
### Noun

babit m (Gascony)
* Alternative form of pabiou (“candlewick”)

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “papyrus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 7: N–Pas, page 589
# bacaan asas
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bacaan (“reading”) +‎ asas (“base”).

### Noun

bacaan asas (plural bacaan-bacaan asas)
* (library science, publishing) reader: an introductory text on any subject, particularly basic concepts

### Further reading

* “bacaan asas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# badan pesawat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

badan +‎ pesawat.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˌbadan pəˈsawat/ [ˌba.dan pəˈsa.wat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -awat
* Syllabification: ba‧dan pe‧sa‧wat

### Noun

badan pesawat (plural badan-badan pesawat)
* fuselage

### Further reading

* “badan pesawat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# badenga
## Indonesian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.ˈde.ŋa/
* Rhymes: -ŋa
* Hyphenation: ba‧de‧nga

### Noun

badenga (plural badenga-badenga)
* wood that resists water and soil moisture and sand, commonly used for bridges

### Further reading

* “badenga” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# badjing
## Indonesian
### Noun

badjing (plural badjing-badjing)
* (1901–1947, 1947–1972) Superseded spelling of bajing (“squirrel”).

## Peranakan Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay bajing (“squirrel”)

### Noun

badjing
* squirrel
    marika lebi satoedjoe pada muziek Kemajoran poenja lagoe tjatjing tjebok atawa „badjing lompat“ di Tegalega. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### References

* ↑ Kwee Hing Tjiat (1921) Doea Kapala Batoe [Two Hardheaded (Persons)] (in Peranakan Indonesian), Nauer & Dimmick, page 29
# badul
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sundanese [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.dʊl/
* Rhymes: -dʊl
* Hyphenation: ba‧dul

### Noun

badul (plural badul-badul)
* turmeric flower

### Further reading

* “badul” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Turkish
### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

badul
* Alternative form of patul

### Etymology 2

Öztürk connects to the family of patul (“large snowflake etc.”), but may instead belong to tapul (“bundle or pile of hay or grain”). Those may be related anyway.

#### Noun

badul (Sürmene)
* lump
    Synonym: topak

#### References

* Öztürk, Özhan (2005) “patul”, in Karadeniz: Ansiklopedik Sözlük [Black Sea: Encyclopaedic Dictionary]‎ (in Turkish), volume I, Istanbul: Heyamola Yayınları, page 940a
* Sezgin, Bahattin (2015) “badul”, in Trabzon Sürmene-Araklı-Köprübaşı Yerel Ağızlar Derleme Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Istanbul: Cinius Yayınları, →ISBN, page 74, glossing as toprak, probably a typo for topak
# bagai pungguk merindukan bulan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay [Term?]. Literally, “like an owl yearning for the moon”.

### Proverb

bagai pungguk merindukan bulan
* to wish for something impossible or unreachable
# bagan lingkar
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bagan +‎ lingkar, calque of Dutch cirkeldiagram (“pie chart”).

### Noun

bagan lingkar (plural bagan-bagan lingkar)
* (statistics) pie chart: a type of graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole
    Synonym: diagram lingkar

### Further reading

* “bagan lingkar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# bahasa baku
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”), calque of Dutch standaardtaal (“standard language”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baˈhasa ˈbaku/

### Noun

bahasa baku (plural bahasa-bahasa baku, first-person possessive bahasa bakuku, second-person possessive bahasa bakumu, third-person possessive bahasa bakunya)
* (sociolinguistics) standard language: A form of a language that is institutionally promoted, regarded as the most "correct" or neutral variety; used by a population for public and formal purposes
    Synonyms: bahasa standar, ragam baku, ragam formal
    Antonyms: bahasa percakapan, bahasa vernakular
    Bahasa baku itu dianggap lebih baik daripada ragam bahasa yang lain.It is assumed that the standard register is better than other language varieties.
    Bahasa baku mendukung empat fungsi.Standard language supports four functions.
    Nadin menjelaskan bahwa dirinya kerap menggunakan bahasa baku dalam berbicara sehari-hari.Nadin told that she usually uses the standard register in her day-to-day speech.

#### Usage notes

* The term does not seem to include colloquialisms. It is often translated as "standard language".

### References

* ↑ Khaidir Anwar (1990) Fungsi dan peranan bahasa sebuah pengantar (in Indonesian), Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, →ISBN
* ↑ Anton M. Moeliono, Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, editor (1988), Tata bahasa baku bahasa Indonesia (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN
* ↑ Putri Octapia Saragih (2021 January 13) “Dicap Sok Indie, Nadin Amizah: Lebih Baik Dibilang Sok Cantik Daripada Sok Indie”, in INDOZONE.ID‎, Indozone Media Indonesia, retrieved 8 February 2021

### Further reading

* “bahasa baku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Compound of bahasa (“language”) +‎ baku (“standard”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [ba.ha.sə ba.ku]
* (Baku) IPA: [ba.ha.sa ba.ku]

### Noun

bahasa baku (Jawi spelling بهاس باکو)
* The form of a language that is often seen as correct in all aspects; standard language.
    Synonym: bahasa standard
* The standard form of the Malay or Malaysian language.
* (informal) The artificial standardized accent of Malay where every letter has only one phonetic value as opposed to representing a phoneme which has various allophonic realizations (e.g. ⟨k⟩ is only pronounced as [k] as opposed to as [k] syllable-initially and as [ʔ] syllable-finally).
    Synonym: sebutan baku
    Dalam bahasa baku, "biologi" disebut "bi-o-lo-gi", bukan "bai-o-lo-ji".In bahasa baku, "biologi" is pronounced "bi-o-lo-gi", not "bai-o-lo-ji".

### See also

* beka Melayu (purist form of the Malay language)

### Further reading

* “bahasa baku” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.