# 閘

| 閘 | U+9598, &#38296; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9598 |
| ← 閗 [U+9597] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 閙 → [U+9599] |

## Translingual
### Han character

閘 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日弓田中 (ANWL), four-corner 7750$_6$, composition ⿵門甲)

#### Derived characters

* 𣜊, 𨆇

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1333, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41263
* Dae Jaweon: page 1839, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4292, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9598

## Chinese

* 閘 (Cantonese)
* 閘 (Written Standard Chinese)

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 閘
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb): semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhá (zha$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˊ
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zā
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): zhåq
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zaap$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zap$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kap
* Northern Min (KCR): că
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍h / cha̍p
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zah$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$zaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhá
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhá
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^2$
*** Yale: já
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jar
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: zā
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: zhåq
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zhaq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂaʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaap$^6$
*** Yale: jaahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːp̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zap$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sap̚³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: că
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zah
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡saʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zap
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴/
* cha̍h - vernacular (“to block”);
* cha̍p - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit閘 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂa³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sɑ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂa⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂa⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sa⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂa¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂa¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sa⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sa²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sa³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sa²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂa̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂɑʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡saʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sa³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zaʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zaʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zɑʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /za²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰa²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sɔ⁵/ /sɔ²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡sɒ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰap̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sap̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sap̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sap̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sap̚⁵/ /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ta³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: kap, 'aep
Rime :
| Character | 閘 | 閘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 盍 (144) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 古盍切 | 烏甲切 |
| Baxter | kap | 'aep |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑp̚/ | /ʔˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑp̚/ | /ʔᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑp̚/ | /ʔap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kap̚/ | /ʔaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑp̚/ | /ʔap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑp̚/ | /ap̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑp̚/ | /ʔap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ge | ya |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gap$^3$ | aap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*klaːb/, /*sɡreːb/, /*qraːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 閘 | 閘 | 閘 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 5928 | 5930 | 5947 |
| Phonetic component | 甲 | 甲 | 甲 |
| Rime group | 盍 | 盍 | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䫦 | 𥯦 | 鴨 |
| Old Chinese | /*klaːb/ | /*sɡreːb/ | /*qraːb/ |
| Notes | | 宋來訓讀爲牐 | |

### Definitions

閘
* sluice; floodgate
* switch; breaker; brake
    踩閘／踩闸 ― cǎizhá ― to step on the brake
* (chiefly Cantonese) gate (Classifier: 道 c)
    入閘／入闸 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― jap$^6$ zaap$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to pass through a ticket barrier
* to dam
* (Cantonese, Southern Min) to block; to obstruct
    Alternative forms: 截 (Hokkien), 柵 / 栅 (Hokkien)
* (Hong Kong, soccer) fullback
    左閘／左闸 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― zo$^2$ zaap$^6$ [Jyutping] ― left fullback
* a surname

### Compounds

* 一閘 / 一闸
* 南閘 / 南闸 (Nánzhá)
* 大閘 / 大闸 (dàzhá)
* 大閘蟹 / 大闸蟹 (dàzháxiè)
* 後閘 / 后闸 (hòuzhá)
* 捲閘 / 卷闸 (juǎnzhá)
* 擺閘 / 摆闸
* 旋閘 / 旋闸
* 氣閘 / 气闸
* 水閘 / 水闸 (shuǐzhá)
* 涵閘 / 涵闸
* 港閘 / 港闸
* 船閘 / 船闸 (chuánzhá)
* 落閘 / 落闸
* 跳閘 / 跳闸 (tiàozhá)
* 踩閘 / 踩闸 (cǎizhá)
* 邏輯閘 / 逻辑闸 (luójízhá)
* 鐵閘 / 铁闸 (tiězhá)
* 閘刀開關 / 闸刀开关
* 閘北 / 闸北
* 閘口 / 闸口 (zhákǒu)
* 閘夜 / 闸夜
* 閘板 / 闸板
* 閘機 / 闸机 (zhájī)
* 閘盒 / 闸盒
* 閘看 / 闸看
* 閘道 / 闸道
* 閘道器 / 闸道器
* 閘門 / 闸门 (zhámén)
* 閘閥 / 闸阀 (zháfá)
* 關閘 / 关闸 (Guānzhá)
* 防洪閘 / 防洪闸 (fánghóngzhá)
* 電閘 / 电闸 (diànzhá)
* 風閘 / 风闸
* 馬閘子 / 马闸子
* 點閘 / 点闸

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)、よう (yō)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)、こう (kō)
* Kun: ひのくち (hinokuchi, 閘)

## Korean
### Hanja

閘 • (gap) (hangeul 갑, revised gap, McCune–Reischauer kap, Yale kap)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.