# kasta
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish and Portuguese casta (“lineage, breed”).

### Noun

kasta f
* caste

#### Derived terms

* kastovní

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną. Cognate with Icelandic and Swedish kasta, Norwegian and Danish kaste, and English cast.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰasta/

### Verb

kasta (third person singular past indicative kastaði, third person plural past indicative kastað, supine kastað)
* to throw
    Synonyms: blaka, tveita

#### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

## Finnish
### Verb

kasta
* inflection of kastaa:
** present active indicative connegative
** second-person singular present imperative
** second-person singular present active imperative connegative

### Anagrams

* kasat, sakat, takas, taksa

## Icelandic
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną. Cognate with Faroese and Swedish kasta, Norwegian and Danish kaste, and English cast.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʰasta/
* Rhymes: -asta

#### Verb

kasta (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative kastaði, supine kastað)
* to throw, to fling, to hurl, to toss [intransitive or with dative]
    Synonyms: varpa, fleygja, henda
    Kastaðu boltanum hingað!Toss the ball here!
    Að kasta sér í sjóinn.To hurl oneself into the ocean.
* (baseball) to pitch [with dative ‘something’]
* (basketball) to shoot [with dative ‘something’]
* (equestrianism) to foal; to give birth to, to bear [with dative ‘offspring’]

##### Derived terms

* kasta af sér vatni
* kasta aftur
* kasta á glæ
* kasta eign sinni á
* kasta eign sinni á einhvern
* kasta einhverju fram
* kasta fram
* kasta fram vísu
* kasta kveðju á
* kasta kveðju á einhvern
* kasta mæðinni
* kasta perlum fyrir svín
* kasta rýrð á
* kasta rýrð á eitthvað
* kasta upp
* kastaður
* kastari

##### Related terms

* kast

##### See also

* verpa

#### Noun

kasta
* indefinite genitive plural of kast

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kasta
* indefinite genitive plural of köstur

### Anagrams

* skata, taska

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Portuguese casta, possibly from the feminine of casto (“chaste”), from Old Galician-Portuguese casto, from Latin castus) or from Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*kastan) or *𐌺𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (*kasts), from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), *kastuz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkast̪a]
* Hyphenation: kas‧ta

### Noun

kasta (plural)
* caste: a separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other, especially hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies

#### Affixed terms

* berkasta

#### Compounds

* kasta brahmana
* kasta kesatria
* kasta paria
* kasta sudra
* kasta waisya

### Further reading

* “kasta” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kasten.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkas.ta/
* Rhymes: -asta
* Syllabification: kas‧ta

### Noun

kasta m inan (diminutive kastka)
* chest
    Synonyms: czista, skrzënia

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “skrzynia”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “skrzynia”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* “kasta”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* kastene (of noun)
* kastet (of verb)

### Noun

kasta n
* definite plural of kast

### Verb

kasta
* inflection of kaste:
** simple past
** past participle

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* kaste

### Etymology

From Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²kɑstɑ/

### Verb

kasta (present tense kastar, past tense kasta, past participle kasta, passive infinitive kastast, present participle kastande, imperative kasta/kast)
* to throw
    Kor langt kan du kasta denne?How far can you throw this one?

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Rare today.

#### References

* “kasta” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kastōną.

### Verb

kasta
* to cast, to throw [with dative]

#### Derived terms

* kasta um (“to throw about, turn around (something)”)

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: kasta
* Faroese: kasta
* Norwegian Nynorsk: kasta
* Old Swedish: kasta
** Swedish: kasta
* Danish: kaste
** Norwegian Bokmål: kaste
* → North Frisian: kastin
* → Middle English: casten, kesten
** Scots: cast
** English: cast
*** → Dutch: casten
*** → German: casten
*** → French: caster

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “kasta”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Old Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną.

### Verb

kasta
* to throw, cast

#### Descendants

* Swedish: kasta

### References

* kasta in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L

## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English caste, French caste, German Kaste, ultimately from Portuguese casta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkas.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -asta
* Syllabification: kas‧ta

### Noun

kasta f (related adjective kastowy)
* (Hinduism) caste (any of the hereditary social classes and subclasses of South Asian societies)
* caste (separate and fixed order or class of persons in society who chiefly associate with each other)
* (zoology) caste (class of polymorphous eusocial insects of a particular size and function within a colony)

#### Related terms

* kastowość

### Further reading

* kasta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kasta in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* kasta in PWN's encyclopedia

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish and Portuguese casta (“lineage, breed”).

### Noun

kȁsta f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏ста)
* caste

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish kasta, from Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian Nynorsk kasta, Danish, Norwegian Bokmål kaste and English cast.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

kasta (present kastar, preterite kastade, supine kastat, imperative kasta)
* to throw (make an object fly through the air)
    Han kastade ett spjutHe threw a spear
** to roll (a die)
    Hon kastade tärningenShe rolled the dice [die] [not figurative]
* to throw away, discard, dispose of
    Han kastade prylen han inte längre användeHe threw away the thing he no longer used
* (reflexive) to throw oneself
    Han kastade sig till markenHe threw himself to the ground
* to cast (a shadow)
    Träden kastade långa skuggorThe trees cast long shadows
* (card games) to discard, slough
    Han kastade kortetHe discarded the card

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Synonyms

* slänga (bit less powerful- and more sloppy-sounding)

#### Related terms

* avkasta
* bortkasta
* förkasta
* inkasta
* kast
* kasta ankar
* kasta av
* kasta bort
* kasta handsken
* kasta in handduken
* kasta loss
* kasta sten i glashus
* kasta upp
* kasta ut
* kastmaskin
* smutskasta
* uppkasta
* utkasta

### References

* kasta in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kasta in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* kasta in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* aktas, askat, kasat, sakat, sakta, skata

## Vilamovian
### Etymology

From Middle High German kaste, from Old High German kasto. Cognate with German Kasten.

### Noun

kasta m (diminutive kastła)
* chest (strong box)

## Yogad
### Noun

kasta
* beauty