# panca
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian [Term?]

### Noun

panca
* paw

#### Declension
### References

* “panca”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## French
### Alternative forms

* panka
* punka

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

panca m (plural pancas)
* punkah, a type of fan consisting in a screen suspended by the ceiling, as traditionally used in tropical colonies, notably the Indies
* punkahwallah, a servant (typically a boy) who operates it manually

### References

* Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese *paanca (cf. the derived term paancada, 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin palanca, perhaps from Latin phalanga, from the accusative form of Ancient Greek φάλαγξ (phálanx, “log, trunk, body of soldiers, etc.”). Cf. Spanish palanca, English plank, planch.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaŋka̝/

### Noun

panca f (plural pancas)
* lever
* shaft
    Synonyms: lata, temón
* (informal) sloth
    Synonyms: nugalla, preguiza

#### Derived terms

* apancar
* pancada

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “paancada”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “panca” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “panca”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “panca”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “panca”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay panca, from Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpan.t͡ʃa]
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃa, -a
* Hyphenation: pan‧ca

### Numeral

panca
* five

#### Synonyms

* lima

#### Derived terms

* Pancasila
* pancawarna
* pancarona
* pancasona

### Further reading

* “panca” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Lombardic panch, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz. Doublet of banca and banco.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan.ka/
* Rhymes: -anka
* Hyphenation: pàn‧ca
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

panca f (plural panche)
* bench
* pew
* the part of a stirrup on which a rider puts their foot

#### Derived terms

* panchetta
* panchina
* pancata

### Further reading

* panca in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* panca in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* panchă (obsolete, 1924-1972)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /pant͡ʃə/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /pant͡ʃa/
* Rhymes: -ant͡ʃə, -t͡ʃə, -ə

### Numeral

panca (Jawi spelling ڤنچا)
* five
    Synonym: lima

#### Related terms

* (prefix) panca-

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From palanca (“lever”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɐ̃.kɐ/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃kɐ
* Hyphenation: pan‧ca

### Noun

panca f (plural pancas)
* wooden lever
* (colloquial) craze, obsession
* (in the plural) difficulties

#### Derived terms

* pancada
* espancar

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Quechua p'anqa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpanka/ [ˈpãŋ.ka]
* Rhymes: -anka
* Syllabification: pan‧ca

### Noun

panca f (plural pancas)
* (Andes) dried maize leaf

### Further reading

* “panca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10