OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tiongkok
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Hokkien 中國／中国 (Tiong-kok).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /tiˈoŋkok/ [t̪iˈoŋ.kok̚]
* Rhymes: -oŋkok
* Syllabification: Ti‧ong‧kok

### Proper noun

Tiongkok
* China: the principal state in this country, including (historical) an empire under various dynasties and (since 1949) the People's Republic of China
    Hyponyms: Republik Rakyat Tiongkok, Republik Tiongkok

### Adjective

Tiongkok
* Chinese (of, from, or related to the People's Republic of China)
    Synonym: (now possibly derogatory) Cina

#### Usage notes

This word is restored for Indonesian official government use as the presidential decision was passed and replaced Cina (“China”). This guide is followed by most Indonesian-language mass media.

#### Related terms

* Tionghoa

### See also

* Afganistan
* Arab Saudi
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Filipina
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Irak
* Iran
* Israel
* Jepang
* Kamboja
* Kazakhstan
* Kirgizstan
* Korea Selatan
* Korea Utara
* Kuwait
* Laos
* Libanon
* Maladewa
* Malaysia
* Mesir
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestina
* Qatar
* Rusia
* Singapura
* Siprus
* Sri Lanka
* Suriah
* Taiwan
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Timor Leste
* Tiongkok
* Turki
* Turkmenistan
* Uni Emirat Arab
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yaman
* Yordania

### References

* ↑ Keputusan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pencabutan Surat Edaran Presidium Kabinet Ampera Nomor SE-06/PRES.KAB/6/1967 Tanggal 28 Juni 1967 (Presidential Decision No. 12/2014 on Revocation of Ampera Cabinet Presidium Circular No. SE-06/PRES.KAB/6/1967 dated 28 June 1967).

### Further reading

* “Tiongkok” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# tingkat kesulitan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of tingkat (“level”) +‎ kesulitan (“difficulty”), calque of English difficulty level.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɪŋ.kat kə.su.ˈlɪt.an/

### Noun

tingkat kesulitan (plural tingkat-tingkat kesulitan)
* difficulty level
    Synonyms: taraf kesukaran, tingkat kesukaran
# tip-eks
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Genericization of the trademark Tippex.

### Noun

tip-eks (plural tip-eks-tip-eks)
* correction fluid or correction tape
# toleransi beragama
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of toleransi (“tolerance”) +‎ beragama (“to have a religion; to worship”)

### Noun

toleransi beragama (plural toleransi-toleransi beragama)
* (politics) attitude of accepting differences in beliefs

### Further reading

* “toleransi beragama” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# tom yam
## English
### Alternative forms

* tom yum

### Etymology

From Thai ต้มยำ (dtôm-yam, literally “boil mixture”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌtɒm ˈjæm/, /ˌtɒm ˈjam/, /ˌtɒm ˈjʌm/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌtɑm ˈjɑm/

### Noun

tom yam (usually uncountable, plural tom yams)
* A Thai soup flavoured with fish sauce, lemongrass, lime juice, and chillies.

#### Derived terms

* Note: Spelling may vary.
* tom yam gai (with chicken)
* tom yam kung, tom yam goong (with prawns or shrimps)
* tom yam pla (with fish)

#### See also

* hot and sour soup
* tom kha

### References

* 1 2 “tom yam, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2017.

### Anagrams

* mamoty

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Thai ต้มยำ (dtôm-yam, literally “boil mixture”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt̪ɔm ˈjam]

### Noun

tom yam (plural tom-tom yam)
* (cooking) tom yam: a Thai soup flavoured with fish sauce, lemongrass, lime juice, and chillies

### Further reading

* “tom yam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# topikal
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From English topical.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [toˈpikal]
* Hyphenation: to‧pi‧kal

### Noun

topikal (plural topikal-topikal)
* (medicine) topical: applied externally (to the surface of the skin or eye) medication

#### Related terms

* topik

### Further reading

* “topikal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# toren
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoː.rə(n)/, (Netherlands) [ˈtʊːrə(n)]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -oːrən
* Hyphenation: to‧ren

### Noun

toren m (plural torens, diminutive torentje n)
* a tower
* (chess) a rook
    Synonyms: kasteel, schaaktoren
* (nautical) the fin or sail of a submarine
    Synonym: sail

#### Derived terms

* blokkentoren
* boortoren
* Eiffeltoren
* ivoren toren
* kasteeltoren
* kerktoren
* klokkentoren
* schaaktoren
* torenduif
* torenflat
* torenkraai
* torenslak
* torenspits
* torenuil
* torenvalk
* vieringtoren
* vuurtoren
* wachttoren
* watertoren
* woontoren

#### Related terms

* torenen, uittorenen

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: toring
* Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn
* → Aukan: tolen
* → Saramaccan: tolu

### See also

Chess pieces in Dutch · schaakstukken (schaak + stukken) (layout · text) :
| koning | koningin, dame | toren | loper, bisschop, raadsheer | paard | pion |

### Anagrams

* trone

## Galician
### Verb

toren
* inflection of torar:
** third-person plural present subjunctive
** third-person plural imperative

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch watertoren (“water tower”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtorən]
* Hyphenation: to‧rên

### Noun

torên (plural toren-toren)
* (colloquial) water tower
    Synonym: menara air
* (colloquial) water tank
    Synonyms: tandon, tangki

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈto.ren/

### Participle

toren
* past participle of teran
# transpor aktif
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of transpor +‎ aktif, calque of English active transport.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtranspɔr ˈaktɪf/

### Noun

transpor aktif
* (biology) active transport: Movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy
    Synonym: angkutan aktif

#### Synonyms

* pengangkutan aktif (Standard Malay)

### Further reading

* “transpor aktif”, in PASTI: Padanan Istilah‎ (in Indonesian), Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, 2021, retrieved 2024-11-06
# triase
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch triage, from French triage.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtriasə]

### Noun

triase (plural triase-triase)
* triage
** (medicine) the process of sorting patients so as to determine the order in which they will be treated (for example, by assigning precedence according to the urgency of illness or injury)
** (computing) the process of prioritizing bugs to be fixed
# tujuan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed tuju +‎ -an, from Malay tujuan. Semantic loan from Dutch oogmerk (“aim, goal”) in law terms.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /tuˈd͡ʒuan/ [t̪uˈd͡ʒu.an]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: tu‧ju‧an

### Noun

tujuan (plural tujuan-tujuan)
* goal, objective, aim, purpose
    Synonyms: arah, haluan, maksud
* destination
* (grammar) object

#### Hyponyms

* tujuan institusional
* tujuan instruksional
* tujuan kelembagaan
* tujuan kualitatif
* tujuan kuantitatif
* tujuan kurikuler
* tujuan penderita
* tujuan politik

### Further reading

* “tujuan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Combination of tuju +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtud͡ʒwan/ [ˈt̪u.d͡ʒwan]
* Rhymes: -wan
* Hyphenation: tu‧juan

### Noun

tujuan (Jawi spelling توجوان, informal 1st possessive tujuanku, 2nd possessive tujuanmu, 3rd possessive tujuannya)
* goal, objective, aim, purpose.
    Synonyms: objektif, matlamat
    Apakah tujuan projek ini?What is the purpose of this project?
* direction
    Synonyms: arah, haluan
    Layang-layang itu terlayang ke tujuan timur.That kite flew to the east.

### Further reading

* “tujuan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# tupai
## Brunei Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tu.paj/

### Noun

tupai
* squirrel

#### Synonyms

* basing

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay tupai, from Proto-Malayic *tupay. According to proponents of Greater North Borneo branch, from *tupay "squirrel", displacing earlier term *buhət. Cognate with Bonggi tufi (“squirrel”).

### Noun

tupai (plural tupai-tupai)
* squirrel (rodent)
    Synonym: bajing

### References

* ↑ Blust, Robert (2010) “The Greater North Borneo Hypothesis”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 49, number 1, →JSTOR, pages 44–118

## Malay
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tupai̯/
* Rhymes: -upai̯, -pai̯, -ai̯

### Noun

tupai (Jawi spelling توڤاي, plural tupai-tupai, informal 1st possessive tupaiku, 2nd possessive tupaimu, 3rd possessive tupainya)
* squirrel (mammal of the order Rodentia)
    Synonym: bajing
* tree shrew (mammal of the order Scandentia)
    Synonyms: tupai akar, tupai muncung

### Further reading

* “tupai” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# FaceTiming
## English
### Verb

FaceTiming
* present participle and gerund of FaceTime
# uang pelicin
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From uang (“money”) +‎ pelicin (“to make run smoothly”), from calque of Dutch smeergeld (“graft, bribe”, literally “to grease + money”).

### Noun

uang pelicin (plural uang-uang pelicin)
* (figurative, colloquial) graft, bribe
    Synonyms: uang pelumas, uang semir
    Synonyms: suap, sogokan

### Further reading

* “uang pelicin” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# FaceTime'd
## English
### Verb

FaceTime'd
* simple past and past participle of FaceTime
# undagi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦒꦶ (undhagi, “carpenter”) or Balinese ᬳᬸᬦ᭄ᬤᬕᬶ (undagi, “sculptor, builder”), from Old Javanese uṇḍahagi, uṇḍagi (“craftsman, carpenter”), from Prakrit *𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀕𑀺 (*vaḍḍhagi), from Sanskrit वर्धकि (vardhaki, “carpenter”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊnˈdaɡi]
* Rhymes: -ɡi, -i
* Hyphenation: un‧da‧gi

### Noun

undagi (plural undagi-undagi)
* (archaic) expert
    Synonym: ahli

### References

* ↑ Tom Hoogervorst (2017 December 31) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, 9. The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

### Further reading

* “undagi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# usus dua belas jari
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of usus (“intestine”) +‎ dua belas (“twelve”) +‎ jari (“finger”), calque of Dutch twaalfvingerige darm (“duodenum”, literally “twelve-fingered intestine”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʊsʊs ˈdua̯ bəˈlas ˈd͡ʒari]

### Noun

usus dua belas jari (plural usus-usus dua belas jari)
* duodenum
    Synonym: duodenum

### Further reading

* “usus dua belas jari” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# usus kecil
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compare to English small intestine.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʊsʊs kəˈt͡ʃɪl/

### Noun

usus kecil (plural usus-usus kecil)
* (rare) small intestine

#### Synonyms

* anakompo
* usus halus

### Further reading

* “usus kecil” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# vitamin C
## English
### Noun

vitamin C (uncountable)
* The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid, a water-soluble nutrient essential for life, synthesized by most animals and plants but not humans, although used in our bodies for many purposes. It is plentiful in citrus fruits and many vegetables, and a deficiency causes scurvy.

#### Synonyms

* E300 when used as an antioxidant

#### Translations
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /viˈtamin t͡ʃe/ [fiˈt̪a.mɪn t͡ʃe]
* Rhymes: -e
* Syllabification: vi‧ta‧min C

### Noun

vitamin C (plural vitamin-vitamin C)
* vitamin C
    Synonyms: asam askorbat; (Standard Malay) asid askorbik

### Further reading

* “vitamin C” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# wakaf
## English
### Noun

wakaf (plural wakafs)
* (Singapore, Malaysia, Islam) Alternative spelling of waqf

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Arabic وَقْف (waqf).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈwakaf]
* Hyphenation: wa‧kaf

### Noun

wakaf (plural wakaf-wakaf)
* bequest, benefaction, endowment
* (Islam) waqf, religious endowment, endowment fund
* mortmain: (state) inalienable property

#### Derived terms

* berwakaf
* mewakafkan

### Noun

wakaf (plural wakaf-wakaf)
* pause
    Synonym: jeda

### Further reading

* “wakaf” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# wejangan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed wejang +‎ -an, from Javanese ꦮꦼꦗꦔꦤ꧀ (wejangan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wəˈd͡ʒaŋan]
* Hyphenation: wê‧jang‧an

### Noun

wêjangan (plural wejangan-wejangan)
* instruction; advice; guidance
    Synonyms: ajaran, petuah, petunjuk
* speech

### Further reading

* “wejangan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# wirausaha
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of wira +‎ usaha.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wiraˈusaha]
* Hyphenation: wi‧ra‧usa‧ha

### Noun

wirausaha (plural wirausaha-wirausaha)
* entrepreneur
    Synonyms: entrepreneur, wirausahawan, wiraswasta

#### Derived terms

* kewirausahaan
* wirausaha teknologi

### Further reading

* “wirausaha” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# wiyata praja
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of wiyata (“education, learning”) +‎ praja (literally “nation, city”).

### Noun

wiyata praja (plural wiyata-wiyata praja)
* teaching bureau

### Further reading

* “wiyata praja” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Hayeses
## English
### Proper noun

Hayeses
* plural of ---
# upawasa
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Balinese upawasa, from Sanskrit उपवास (upavāsa, “fast”). Doublet of puasa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /upa.wa.sa/
* Hyphenation: upa‧wa‧sa

### Verb

upawasa
* (Hinduism) fast
    Synonym: puasa

### Further reading

* “upawasa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Hayeses
## English
### Proper noun

Hayeses
* plural of Hayes
# yudikatif
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from English judicative.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /judiˈkatɪf/
* Rhymes: -tɪf, -ɪf, -f
* Hyphenation: yu‧di‧ka‧tif

### Adjective

yudikatif
* judicative: having power to judge
    Synonym: kehakiman

### Noun

yudikatif (plural yudikatif-yudikatif)
* judiciary, judicature, judicial branch
    Synonym: kehakiman

### Related terms

* yudisial
* yudisium
* yuridis

### Further reading

* “yudikatif” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# zat air
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of zat (“substance”) +‎ air (“water”), calque of Dutch waterstof.

### Noun

zat air (plural zat-zat air)
* (chemistry, archaic) hydrogen
    Synonym: hidrogen
# wira-wiri
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese [Term?], from Old Javanese awara-wiri.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wirawiri]
* Hyphenation: wi‧ra‧wi‧ri

### Verb

wira-wiri
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Synonyms: hilir mudik, mondar-mandir

### Further reading

* “wira-wiri” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ionnarbthach
## Irish
### Etymology

From ionnarbtha +‎ -ach.

### Adjective

ionnarbthach (genitive singular masculine ionnarbthaigh, genitive singular feminine ionnarbthaí, plural ionnarbthacha)
* banished, deported

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

### Noun

ionnarbthach m (genitive singular ionnarbthach, nominative plural ionnarbthaigh)
* exile, deportee

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
ionnarbthach
ionnarbthaigh
vocative
a ionnarbthaigh
a ionnarbthacha
genitive
ionnarbthaigh
ionnarbthach
dative
ionnarbthach
ionnarbthaigh
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ionnarbthach
na hionnarbthaigh
genitive
an ionnarbthaigh
na n-ionnarbthach
dative
leis an ionnarbthach don ionnarbthach
leis na hionnarbthaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# ionnarbthach
## Irish
### Etymology

From ionnarbtha +‎ -ach.

### Adjective

ionnarbthach (genitive singular masculine ionnarbthaigh, genitive singular feminine ionnarbthaí, plural ionnarbthacha)
* banished, deported

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

### Noun

ionnarbthach m (genitive singular ionnarbthach, nominative plural ionnarbthaigh)
* deportee

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
ionnarbthach
ionnarbthaigh
vocative
a ionnarbthaigh
a ionnarbthacha
genitive
ionnarbthaigh
ionnarbthach
dative
ionnarbthach
ionnarbthaigh
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ionnarbthach
na hionnarbthaigh
genitive
an ionnarbthaigh
na n-ionnarbthach
dative
leis an ionnarbthach don ionnarbthach
leis na hionnarbthaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# اورن
## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

Traditionally derived from اورـ (evür-, “to spin”) +‎ ـن (-en).

### Alternative forms

* اوران (evran)

### Noun

اورن • (evren) (definite accusative اورنى (evreni), plural اورنلر (evrenler))
* dragon, serpent
** 14th Century, Ferhat ile Şirin:(please add the primary text of this quotation)gök sanduġuŋ bir evren imiş cān sitān senüŋ yer dẹdigüŋ cihān yudıcı ejderhāyimişwhat you thought was the sky was actually a life-ender serpent what you thought was the earth was actually a world-eater dragon
    Synonym: اژدها (ejdähā)

### Proper noun

اورن • (evren) (accusative اورنی (evreni))
* (Turkic mythology) Evreğen, a giant serpent or dragon that is said to surround and spin the earth.
* (Turkic mythology) Evren, a hero in Turkic mythology said to fight dragons
* a male given name

#### Descendants

* Gagauz: evrem
* Ottoman Turkish:
** Turkish: Evren, (dialectal) evren (“serpent”)
* → Turkish: evren (“universe”) (learned)

### Further reading

* Kanar, Mehmet (2018) “evren”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 265
* “evren”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977
* “ƏVRƏN” in Obastan.com.
# Pharao
## German
### Alternative forms

* Pharaoh

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Pharao m (strong, genitive Pharaos, plural Pharaonen, feminine Pharaonin)
* pharaoh

### Further reading

* “Pharao” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Pharao (Kartenspiel, Spiel)” in Duden online
* “Pharao (König, Titel)” in Duden online

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Biblical Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian
(pr-ꜥꜣ, “palace”, “pharaoh”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpʰa.ra.oː/, [ˈpʰäräoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfa.ra.o/, [ˈfäːräo]

### Proper noun

Pharaō m (genitive Pharaōnis); third declension
* (Late Latin) Pharaoh
** c. 600 CE – 625 CE, Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae 7.6.46:Dēnique Mōȳsē interpretātur sūmptus ex aquā. Invēnit eum ad rīpam flūminis expositum fīlia Pharaōnis, quem colligēns adoptāvit sibi.Then 'Moses' is interpreted as 'taken out of water'. The daughter of the Pharaoh found him abandoned on the bank of the river and adopted him.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* → Asturian: faraón
* → Catalan: faraó
* → Czech: faraon, farao
* → Danish: farao
* → Dutch: farao
* → Old English: Pharao
** Middle English: pharao, pharaon
*** English: pharaoh, pharaon
**** → Japanese: ファラオ (farao)
**** → Korean: 파라오 (parao)
**** → Thai: ฟาโรห์ (faa-roo)
* → Esperanto: faraono
* → French: pharaon
** → Khmer: ផារ៉ាអុង (para'ong)
** → Vietnamese: pha-ra-ông
* → Galician: faraón
* → German: Pharao
* → Hungarian: fáraó
* → Italian: faraone
* → Sicilian: faraguni
** → Maltese: faragħun
* → Norwegian: farao
* → Occitan: faraon
* → Polish: faraon
* → Portuguese: faraó
* → Romanian: faraon
* → Slovak: faraón
* → Old Spanish: pharaon
** Spanish: faraón
* → Swedish: farao
** → Finnish: faarao
* → Tagalog: paro
* → Volapük: faraon (♂♀), Volapük: hifaraon (♂), jifaraon (♀)

### References

* “Pharao”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Pharao in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Old English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Pharao, from Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Biblical Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian
(pr-ꜥꜣ, “palace”, “pharaoh”).

### Noun

Pharao m
* Pharaoh (biblical character)
** Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
    Þā æt nēxtan forlēt Pharao Israhela folc of his earde siðian mid miċċlum ǣhtum, and God ġesette ðone foresǣdan Moysen his folce tō heretogan, and his broðer Aaron tō sacerde; and hī lǣddon þæt folce tō ðǣre Rēadan sǣ mid miċelre fyrdinge, þæt wǣron six hund þūsenda wīgendra manna, buton wīfum and ċildum.Then at last Pharaoh allowed the people of Israel to leave his land with much livestock, and God appointed the aforementioned Moses as the leader of his people, and his brother Aaron as priest; and they led the people to the Red Sea with a great host, which numbered six hundred thousand warriors, not counting women and children.
# Evren
## Turkish
### Etymology

From evren (“cosmos, the universe”) after Kenan Evren.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ev.ren/

### Proper noun

Evren
* a male given name from Old Anatolian Turkish
* a female given name from Old Anatolian Turkish
* A town and district of Ankara, Turkey
* a surname
* Alternative form of Evreğen
* (mythology) A mythical dragon slayer

#### Derived terms

* Evrenli