# kata
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkætə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ætə

### Etymology 1

From Japanese 型 (literally “pattern, model”). In English use since the 1950s.

#### Noun

kata (plural katas or kata)
* (martial arts) Any of a sequence of positions and movements used in many martial arts.
    judo kata
** 1979, Masatoshi Nakayama, Best Karate: Heian, Tekki, page 12:About fifty kata, or "formal exercises," are practiced at the present time, some having been passed down from generation to generation, others having been developed fairly recently.
** 2006, Kelley MacAulay, Bobbie Kalman, Karate in Action, page 22:Katas are a series of motions, such as punches, strikes, and kicks, arranged in a specific pattern. The pattern allows the motions to flow into one another. A student must learn a new kata to advance to each new belt level.
** 2009, Thomas W. Hanlon, The Sports Rules Book, Human Kinetics, page 161:When the competitor's name is called, she stands on the designated line, bows to the panel of judges, and announces the name of the kata she will perform. […] She then performs the kata. When she is finished, her opponent performs her kata. At the end of the second kata, both return to the mat area to await the decision of the judging panel.
** 2010, Kenji Tokitsu, The Katas: The Meaning Behind the Movements:
* (by extension, programming) A short programming exercise to improve one's skills through practice and repetition.
    Synonym: code kata
** 2020, Andrew Stellman, Jennifer Greene, Head First C#‎, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page 728:These kata will give you the C# syntax for inheritance.

##### Derived terms

* gun kata

### Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “downwards”). Compare cata-.

#### Noun

kata (plural katas)
* Ellipsis of kata thermometer.
* (in combination) A drop (in temperature).
    kata factor

#### Adverb

kata (comparative more kata, superlative most kata)
* In a direction analogous to down, but along the additional axis added by the fourth dimension.
    Antonym: ana
** 1985, Rudy von Bitter Rucker, The Fourth Dimension: A Guided Tour of the Higher Universes, page 43:Your right half would move ana, let us say, and your left half would move kata. The two halves would, in their parallel spaces, move past the plane of rotation, and then they would swing back into our space.
** 2005, Animation journal, volumes 13-15:Added to the conventional FPS control keys are two extra keys that move the player in ana and kata direction in 4d space. If you go in this extra direction the space around you changes, the room transforms.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

kata (plural katas)
* Alternative form of gata (“type of Armenian pastry”)

### Further reading

* kata on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* kata (programming) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* taka

## Chickasaw
### Pronoun

kata
* (interrogative) who
* (interrogative) whose

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkata]

### Noun

kata
* genitive/accusative singular of kat

## Esperanto
### Etymology

kato (“cat”) +‎ -a (“adjective”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkata]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ata
* Hyphenation: ka‧ta

### Adjective

kata (accusative singular katan, plural kataj, accusative plural katajn)
* feline

## Finnish
### Verb

kata
* inflection of kattaa:
** indicative present connegative
** second-person singular imperative present/present connegative

### Anagrams

* akat, taka, taka-

## Garo
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

kata
* to run

### Etymology 2

Probably from Assamese কথা (kotha)

#### Noun

kata
* word

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈkata/ [ˈka.t̪a]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ata
* Syllabification: ka‧ta

### Etymology 1

From Malay kata, from Pali kathā, from Sanskrit कथा (kathā, “speech; story”).

#### Noun

kata (plural kata-kata)
* (linguistics) word: (the smallest unit of language that has a particular meaning and can be expressed by itself; the smallest discrete, meaningful unit of language)
* (uncommon) speech: vocal communication
    Synonyms: bicara, ujar

#### Verb

kata (stative berkata, active mengata, transitive locative katai, transitive applicative katakan)
* (intransitive) to say

##### Conjugation

$^1$ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.
$^1$ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

#### Derived terms

* perkataan
* kata adat
* kata asli
* kata bantu bilangan
* kata benda
* kata bentukan
* kata berimbuhan
* kata bersayap
* kata bersusun
* kata bertimbal
* kata bilangan
* kata dasar
* kata deiktis
* kata depan
* kata fonologis
* kata ganti
* kata generik
* kata gramatikal
* kata hati
* kata hubung
* kata instruksi
* kata jadian
* kata keadaan
* kata kepala
* kata kerja
* kata keterangan
* kata klise
* kata kunci
* kata leksikal
* kata lewat
* kata majemuk
* kata morfemis
* kata mubazir
* kata nama
* kata nama abstrak
* kata nonreferensial
* kata ortografis
* kata pembimbing
* kata pendahuluan
* kata pengantar
* kata penggolong
* kata penghubung
* kata petunjuk
* kata pinjaman
* kata pivot
* kata pungutan
* kata pustaka
* kata putus
* kata sambung
* kata sambutan
* kata sandang
* kata sandi
* kata sapaan
* kata sepakat
* kata serapan
* kata seru
* kata sifat
* kata taktergolong
* kata tambahan
* kata tanya
* kata transisi
* kata tugas
* kata turunan
* kata ulang
* kata wantahan
* kelas kata
* suku kata

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Bunak [Term?].

#### Noun

kata (plural kata-kata)
* (rare) dog fleas
    Synonym: kutu anjing

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Madurese [Term?].

#### Noun

kata (plural kata-kata)
* (rare) a small claypot without a lid for smoked salted fish

### Further reading

* “kata” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

kata
* Rōmaji transcription of かた

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कथा (kathā).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Rhymes: -ta

### Noun

kata (Jawi spelling کات, plural kata-kata, informal 1st possessive kataku, 2nd possessive katamu, 3rd possessive katanya)
* word

### Verb

kata
* to say

#### Derived terms

* kata hubung
* kata kerja
* kata laluan
* kata nama
* kata penghubung
* kata pinjaman
* kata seru
* kata sifat
* katakan
* kosa kata
* perkataan
* sekata
* suku kata

### Further reading

* “kata” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Nupe
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kā.tā/

#### Noun

kata
* house
* room

#### See also

* èmì (“house; intergenerational compound comprised of kata”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kà.tà/

#### Noun

kàtà (plural kàtàzhì)
* umbrella

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀓𑀢 (Brahmi script)
* कत (Devanagari script)
* কত (Bengali script)
* කත (Sinhalese script)
* ကတ or ၵတ (Burmese script)
* กต or กะตะ (Thai script)
* ᨠᨲ (Tai Tham script)
* ກຕ or ກະຕະ (Lao script)
* កត (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄖 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit कृत (kṛta, “done”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás. Compare Hindi किया (kiyā), Middle Persian 𐭪𐭫𐭲 (klt /⁠-kirt⁠/).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɐ.t̪ɐ/

### Verb

kata
* past participle of karoti; done

#### Derived terms

* sukata
* dukkata

## Pitjantjatjara
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɐtɐ]

### Noun

kata
* (anatomy) head
* mind
* (of a car) bonnet, hood
* (of a lorry) cab

#### Derived terms

* katapi (“pillow”)
* kata kura (“headache”)
* kata kutjara (“two-faced”)
* kata tarka (“bald”)
* Kata Tjuṯa

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ata
* Syllabification: ka‧ta

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَات (qāt).

#### Noun

kata f
* (rare) khat (plant)
    Synonym: czuwaliczka

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 型.

#### Noun

kata f (indeclinable)
* (martial arts) kata

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Interjection

kata
* (Kuyavia) expresses surprise or disdain; for the love of God
    Synonyms: boga, bogać, loboga, katać

### Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kata m pers or m animal
* genitive/accusative singular of kat

### Further reading

* kata in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Rapa Nui
### Verb

kata
* laugh

## Slovak
### Noun

kata
* genitive/accusative singular of kat

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

-kata (infinitive kukata)
* to cut (to break or sever, including in a metaphorical sense)
* to buy (of tickets)
* to bring to an end

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of -kata :
| Positive present | -nakata |
| Subjunctive | -kate |
| Negative | -kati |
| Imperative singular | kata |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kukata |
| Negative | kutokata |
Imperatives :
| Singular | kata |
| Plural | kateni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hukata |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -likata |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kukata |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -takata |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -takata |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sikate |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngekata |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singekata |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalikata |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalikata |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mekata |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshakata |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jakata |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kikata |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipokata |
| Consecutive | kakata / positive subject concord + -kakata |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kakate |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

##### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Causative: -katisha (“to cancel”)
** Passive: -katwa (“to get cut”)
** Reduplicative: -katakata (“to mince, dice”)
** Stative: -katika (“to be cut”)
** Other formations: -kata choo (“to interrupt (idiomatic)”), -kata tamaa (“to despair”)
* Nominal derivations:
** ukataji (“cutting”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

kata class IX (plural kata class X)
* (Kenya) An administrative region in Kenya, below counties and subcounties, and further divided into sublocations.
    Synonym: (Tanzania) shehia

##### Derived terms

* kata ndogo (“sublocation”)

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /kaˈtaʔ/ [kɐˈt̪aʔ]
*** Rhymes: -aʔ
** IPA: /ˈkataʔ/ [ˈkaː.t̪ɐʔ] (obsolete)
* Syllabification: ka‧ta

#### Noun

katâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆ)
* Alternative form of katha

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kaˈtaʔ/ [kɐˈt̪aʔ]
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: ka‧ta

#### Noun

katâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆ)
* start of bubbling of rice being boiled

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kaˈta/ [kɐˈt̪a]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ka‧ta

#### Pronoun

katá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆ)
* (archaic, now dialectal) we (inclusive of the person spoken to)

##### See also

| Person | Number | Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) |
| First | singular | ako | ko | akin |
| First | dual$^1$ | kita, kata | nita, nata, ta | kanita, kanata, ata |
| First | plural inclusive | tayo | natin | atin |
| First | plural exclusive | kami | namin | amin |
| First & Second | singular | kita$^2$ | kita$^2$ | |
| Second | singular | ikaw, ka | mo | iyo |
| Second | plural | kayo, kamo | ninyo, niyo | inyo |
| Third | singular | siya | niya | kaniya |
| Third | plural | sila | nila | kanila |
| $^1$ First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog. $^2$ Replaces ko ikaw. |||||

#### Interjection

katá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜆ)
* (dialectal, Southern Tagalog) let's go! (invitation of doing something together)
    Synonyms: katang, tara, tarang, tayo, tayong

### References

* “kata”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* taka, akat, atak

## Tongan
### Verb

kata
* to laugh

## Volapük
### Noun

kata
* genitive singular of kat

## Western Highland Chatino
### Etymology

From Proto-Chatino *kesa (“tobacco”), from Proto-Zapotecan *keʔsa.

### Noun

kata⁴
* cigar, cigarette

#### Related terms

* lkaꞌ kata

### References

* Pride, Leslie, Pride, Kitty (2010) Diccionario chatino de la zona alta: Panixtlahuaca, Oaxaca y otros pueblos‎ (in Spanish), 2nd (electronic) edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 40

## Yosondúa Mixtec
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Mixtec *kátá.

#### Verb

kata
* (transitive) sing

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

kata
* (intransitive) have an itch

### References

* Beaty de Farris, Kathryn, et al. (2012) Diccionario básico del mixteco de Yosondúa, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 46)‎ (in Spanish), third edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 27