# hulu
## Chamorro
### Etymology

From Pre-Chamorro *θələx, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dələk.

### Noun

hulu
* thunder

## Hawaiian
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *fulu, from Proto-Central Pacific *vulu, from Proto-Oceanic *pulu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bulu (compare Malay bulu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhu.lu/

### Noun

hulu (plural huluhulu)
* (anatomy) hair (the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals)
* (anatomy) fur
* (anatomy) feather

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay hulu, from Proto-Malayic *hulu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu. Doublet of ulu.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈhulu/ [ˈhu.lu]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ulu
* Syllabification: hu‧lu

### Noun

hulu (plural hulu-hulu)
* (anatomy, obsolete) head (part of the body)
    huluku sakit.My head hurts.
* upstream
* village
* handle
* beginning

#### Synonyms

* (head): kepala
* (village): desa, udik
* (handle): pegangan
* (beginning): awal, pangkal, permulaan

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “upstream”): hilir

#### Derived terms

* berhulu
* berhulukan
* menghulu
* menghulukan
* penghulu
* penghuluan
* hulu hati
* hulu hilir
* hulu kepala
* hulu kerongkongan
* hulu ledak
* hulu sungai

### Further reading

* “hulu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

hulu
* Romanization of ꦲꦸꦭꦸ

## Lower Sorbian
### Noun

hulu
* Obsolete spelling of wulu.

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* ulu (dated)

### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hulu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu, doublet of ulu. Head sense mainly replaced by kepala but preserved in court language.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hulu/
* Rhymes: -ulu, -lu, -u

### Noun

hulu (Jawi spelling هولو, plural hulu-hulu, informal 1st possessive huluku, 2nd possessive hulumu, 3rd possessive hulunya)
* (anatomy, obsolete) head (part of the body)
    Synonyms: kepala, jemala, tendas
* top part of something
    Synonym: kepala
    hulu keris: keris hilt or handle
* upstream, inland
    Synonyms: udik, banat
* starting, beginning
    Synonyms: pangkal, permulaan

#### Usage notes

Especially used in court language e.g. addressing royals or in manuscripts.

#### Derived terms

* hulubalang
* penghulu

#### Related terms

* dahulu, dulu

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: hulu
* → Chinese: 烏魯／乌鲁 (Wūlǔ)
* → English: ulu

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “هولو hoeloe”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek‎, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 147
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “هولو hulu”, in A Malay-English dictionary‎, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 693
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “hulu”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised)‎, volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 413

### Further reading

* “hulu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old English
### Etymology

Ultimately from the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide, conceal”). From the same root as helan (“to hide, conceal”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxu.lu/, [ˈhu.lu]

### Noun

hulu f
* hull, husk

#### Declension

Strong ō-stem:

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hulu”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qulu, from Proto-Austronesian *qulu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hu.lu/
* Rhymes: -lu
* Hyphenation: hu‧lu

### Noun

hulu
* head
* head-waters of a river, upstream
* head of, chief of, in charge of

#### Derived terms

* ahulu
* hulwan
* humulu
* kulwan
* mahulu
* makahulu
* makapaṅhulu
* pahulu
* paṅhulu
* pinakapaṅhulu
* ulon
* hulu bañu
* hulu kayu
* hulu kuwu
* hulu kĕmbaṅ
* hulu lañcaṅ
* hulu paṅan
* hulu sĕkar
* hulu turus
* hulu tĕṅah
* hulu warak
* hulu wras
* hulu wuṅkuk
* hulu wwatan
* karaṅ hulu
* wulaṅ hulu

#### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦲꦸꦭꦸ (ulu), ꦮꦸꦭꦸ (wulu) (inherited)

### Further reading

* "hulu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-hulu (infinitive kuhulu)
* to stop, to cease

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -hulu :
| Positive present | -nahulu |
| Subjunctive | -hulu |
| Negative | -hulu |
| Imperative singular | hulu |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kuhulu |
| Negative | kutohulu |
Imperatives :
| Singular | hulu |
| Plural | huluni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | huhulu |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lihulu |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kuhulu |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tahulu |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tahulu |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sihulu |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngehulu |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singehulu |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalihulu |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalihulu |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mehulu |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshahulu |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jahulu |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kihulu |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipohulu |
| Consecutive | kahulu / positive subject concord + -kahulu |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kahulu |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :