# 岑

| 岑 | U+5C91, &#23697; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C91 |
| ← 岐 [U+5C90] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 岒 → [U+5C92] |

## Translingual
### Han character

岑 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 山人戈弓 (UOIN), four-corner 2220$_7$, composition ⿱山今)

#### Derived characters

* 侺, 㖗, 埁, 涔, 梣, 琌, 硶, 䤫, 䫈
* 𡷴, 𢙿, 𢭞, 𣇂, 𥆱, 𦨽, 𨁊, 𩷒, 𫊍, 𣢽, 𪁏
* 𬇁, 𬒻, 𫴚

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 308, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7937
* Dae Jaweon: page 608, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 763, character 23
* Unihan data for U+5C91

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 岑 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cén (cen$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄣˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sam$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sem$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhèm
* Eastern Min (BUC): kièng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gîm / khîm / chîm / chhîm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngim$^5$ / cam$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cén
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cén
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻên$^2$
*** Yale: tsén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsern
*** Palladius: цэнь (cɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^4$
*** Yale: sàhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sem²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhèm
*** Hakka Romanization System: cem$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰem¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kièng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰieŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîm
*** Tâi-lô: gîm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giim
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ɡim²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡim²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡim¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîm
*** Tâi-lô: khîm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiim
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰim²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chîm
*** Tâi-lô: tsîm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciim
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡sim²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhîm
*** Tâi-lô: tshîm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiim
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰim¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /t͡sʰim²⁴/
* gîm/khîm - vernacular;
* chîm/chhîm - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit岑 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰən³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sʰən²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰən⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰẽ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sʰə̃⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sʰẽ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sʰə̃²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡sʰəŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰə̃n⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sʰɤŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰən²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sʰən³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sʰen²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sʰə̃³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sʰən²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sʰən⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰəŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰə̃ŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zən¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zen²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zaŋ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sən¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /d͡zən¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰəm¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐm²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰɐm²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɐm²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰim³⁵/ /gim³⁵/ 俗 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /keiŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋim⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ŋim³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: dzrim
Rime :
| Character | 岑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 鋤針切 |
| Baxter | dzrim |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐjim/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒjəm/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒĭĕm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sɡrɯm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 岑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6594 |
| Phonetic component | 今 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 岑 |
| Old Chinese | /*sɡrɯm/ |

### Definitions

岑
* (literary) small but tall hill
    From: c. 2nd century CE, 馬融, 長笛賦
    Tuō jiǔ chéng zhī gū cén xī, lín wàn rèn zhī shí xī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (obsolete) high
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Bù chuǎi qí běn ér qí qí mò, fāng cùn zhī mù kě shǐ gāo yú cénlóu. [Pinyin]
    If you do not adjust them at their lower extremities, but only put their tops on a level, a piece of wood an inch square may be made to be higher than the pointed peak of a high building.
* a surname
    From: 8th century, Li Bai, 將進酒
    Cén fūzǐ, Dānqiū shēng, jiāng jìn jiǔ, bēi mò tíng. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Compounds

* 寸木岑樓 / 寸木岑楼
* 岑寂 (cénjì)
* 岑岑
* 岑峨
* 岑崟
* 岑嶺 / 岑岭
* 岑樓 / 岑楼
* 岑樓齊末 / 岑楼齐末
* 岑河 (Cénhé)
* 岑牟
* 岑翳
* 岑蔚
* 岡岑 / 冈岑
* 嶔岑 / 嵚岑
* 森岑
* 異苔同岑 / 异苔同岑
* 苔岑

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* peak, mountaintop
* used in names

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しん (shin)、じん (jin)、ぎん (gin)
* Kun: みね (mine, 岑)
* Nanori: たかし (takashi)、たけし (takeshi)、みね (mine)

## Korean
### Hanja

岑 • (jam, eum) (hangeul 잠, 음, revised jam, eum, McCune–Reischauer cham, ŭm)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

岑: Hán Nôm readings: sầm, sum, xờm
* towering; mountainous.