# target
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French targette, targuete, diminutive of targe (“light shield”), from Old French, from Frankish *targa (“buckler”), akin to Old Norse targa (“small round shield”) (whence also Old English targe, targa (“shield”)) from Proto-Germanic *targǭ (“edge”), from Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”). Akin to Old High German zarga (“side wall, rim”) (German Zarge (“frame”)), Spanish tarjeta (“card”).

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈtɑɹɡɪt/, [ˈtʰɑɹɡɪt̚]
** Audio (US):(file)
* (UK) IPA: /ˈtɑːɡɪt/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈtaːɡɪt/
** Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ɡɪt
* Hyphenation: tar‧get

### Noun

target (plural targets)
* A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a projectile.
    Take careful aim at the target.
* A goal or objective.
** 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70:Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. […] Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
    They have a target to finish the project by November.
* An object of criticism or ridicule.
* A person, place, or thing that is frequently attacked, criticized, or ridiculed.
* A kind of shield:
** A kind of small shield or buckler, used as a defensive weapon in war.
*** c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], line 200:These four came all afront, and mainly thrust at me. I made me no more ado but took all their seven points in my target, thus.
** (obsolete) A shield resembling the Roman scutum, larger than the modern buckler.
*** 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 22:The target or buckler was carried by the heavy armed foot, it answered to the scutum of the Romans; its form was sometimes that of a rectangular parallelogram, but more commonly had its bottom rounded off; it was generally convex, being curved in its breadth.
** (heraldry) A bearing representing a buckler.
*** 1762, Anton Friedrich Büsching, A New System of Geography: In which is Given, a General Account of the Situation and Limits, the Manners, History, and Constitution, of the Several Kingdoms and States of the Known World, page 12:The fourth field is also party per pale, and for the dutchy of Genevois, contains chequered Or and azure: The sinister for the dutchy of Montserat, a target, gules. The point Or is a black eagle of the county of Maurienne.
* (sports) The pattern or arrangement of a series of hits made by a marksman on a butt or mark.
    He made a good target.
* (surveying) The sliding crosspiece, or vane, on a leveling staff.
* (rail transport) A conspicuous disk attached to a switch lever to show its position, or for use as a signal.
* (cricket) the number of runs that the side batting last needs to score in the final innings in order to win
* (linguistics) The tenor of a metaphor.
* (mathematics, category theory) The codomain of a function; the object at which a morphism points.
    Coordinate term: source
* (translation studies) The translated version of a document, or the language into which translation occurs.
    Do you charge by source or target?
* A person (or group of people) that a person or organization is trying to employ or to have as a customer, audience etc.
** 2011 September 2, Phil McNulty, “Bulgaria 0-3 England”, in BBC:Gary Cahill, a target for Arsenal and Tottenham before the transfer window closed, put England ahead early on and Rooney was on target twice before the interval as the early hostility of the Bulgarian supporters was swiftly subdued.
* (UK, dated) A thin cut; a slice; specifically, of lamb, a piece consisting of the neck and breast joints.
* (Scotland, obsolete) A tassel or pendant.
    Synonym: targe
* (Scotland, obsolete) A shred; a tatter.

#### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:goal
* (translated version): target language

#### Meronyms

* (sport): bull/bullseye, inner, magpie, outer

#### Coordinate terms

* (translated version): source

#### Derived terms

* antitarget
* apotarget
* autotarget
* biotarget
* digital target
* digitized target
* drop target
* easy target
* geotarget
* high-value target
* immunotarget
* microtarget
* mistarget
* moving target
* multitarget
* nontarget
* non-target
* non-target-like
* off target
* off-target
* oncotarget
* on target
* phosphotarget
* point target
* pretarget
* retarget
* running target
* shot on target
* soft target
* stretch target
* subtarget
* target audience
* target cell
* target control
* target domain
* targeteer
* targeter
* target for tonight
* target group
* targeting
* targetless
* target letter
* target-like
* targetlike
* target man
* target market
* target marketing
* target of opportunity
* targetoid
* targetome
* target practice
* target range
* target rating point
* target text
* target timing
* treat-to-target

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: ターゲット (tāgetto)

#### Translations

Arabic: دَرِيئَة f (darīʔa), نِيشَان m (nīšān)
Armenian: թիրախ (hy) (tʻirax)
Azerbaijani: hədəf (az)
Belarusian: мішэ́нь f (mišénʹ), цэль f (celʹ)
Bulgarian: мише́на (bg) f (mišéna), цел (bg) f (cel), ниша́н (bg) m (nišán)
Catalan: blanc (ca) m
Cebuano: target
Chinese:
Mandarin: 標的 / 标的 (zh) (biāodì), 靶子 (zh) (bǎzi)
Czech: terč (cs) m
Danish: mål (da) n, skydeskive c
Dutch: schietschijf (nl) f
Egyptian: G43'"`UNIQ hiero00000012QINU `"' (ḥbw m)
Esperanto: celtabulo
Estonian: sihtmärk
Finnish: maali (fi), maalitaulu (fi), kohde (fi)
French: cible (fr) f
Galician: branco (gl) m
Georgian: სამიზნე (samizne), მიზანი (mizani)
German: Zielscheibe (de) f, Schießscheibe (de) f, Ziel (de) n
Greek: στόχος (el) m (stóchos)
Ancient: στόχος m (stókhos)
Hebrew: מַטָּרָה (he) f (matará)
Hindi: निशाना (hi) m (niśānā)
Hungarian: céltábla (hu), célpont (hu)
Irish: cuspóir (ga) m
Italian: bersaglio (it) m
Japanese: 標的 (ja) (ひょうてき, hyōteki), 的 (ja) (まと, mato), ターゲット (ja) (tāgetto), (archery, rare) 的 (ja) (いくは, ikuha), (archery, rare) 的 (ja) (ゆくは, yukuha)
Kazakh: нысана (nysana)
Khmer: ស៊ីប (km) (siip), វង់បាញ់ (vŭəng bañ)
Korean: 과녁 (gwanyeok), 표적(標的) (pyojeok), 타깃 (tagit), 타겟 (taget)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: نیشان (nîşan)
Northern Kurdish: hedef (ku), nîşan (ku)
Kyrgyz: бута (ky) (buta)
Latin: scopus (la) m
Latvian: mērķis m
Lezgi: лишан (lišan)
Lithuanian: taikinys m
Macedonian: нишан m (nišan)
Malayalam: ലക്ഷ്യം (ml) (lakṣyaṁ)
Navajo: dajółtʼóhígíí (archery, darts), dajółdonígíí (gunnery), dajółneʼígíí (pitching), béésh baa ańdajisihígíí (knife or spear throwing)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: skyteskive m or f
Old English: mierċels m
Ottoman Turkish: نشان (nişan), هدف (hedef)
Pashto: نشانه (ps) f (nešāna)
Persian: سیبل (fa) (sibl), آماج (fa) (âmâj)
Polish: tarcza (pl) f, cel (pl) m
Portuguese: alvo (pt) m
Romanian: țintă (ro) f
Russian: мише́нь (ru) f (mišénʹ), цель (ru) f (celʹ)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ме́та f, нѝшан m
Roman: méta (sh) f, nìšan (sh) m
Slovak: terč m
Slovene: tarča (sl) f
Spanish: blanco (es) m, diana (es) f, objetivo (es) m (militia), hito (es) m
Swahili: lengwa (sw)
Swedish: mål (sv) n, måltavla (sv) c
Tabasaran: лишан (lišan)
Tagalog: tigpo
Tajik: ҳадаф (tg) (hadaf), нишон (tg) (nišon), нишона (nišona)
Thai: เป้าหมาย (th) (bpâo-mǎai)
Turkish: hedef (tr), nişan (tr)
Ukrainian: міше́нь f (mišénʹ), ціль (uk) f (cilʹ)
Urdu: نِشانَہ m (niśānā)
Uzbek: nishon (uz)
Vietnamese: bia (vi) :

### Verb

target (third-person singular simple present targets, present participle targeting or targetting, simple past and past participle targeted or targetted)
* (transitive) To aim something, especially a weapon, at (a target).
* (transitive, figuratively) To aim for as an audience or demographic.
    The advertising campaign targeted older women.
* (transitive, computing) To produce code suitable for.
    This cross-platform compiler can target any of several processors.

#### Derived terms

* targetability
* targetable

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Gretta, gatter

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

target n (plural targets, diminutive targetje n)
* target

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From English target.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈtarɡɛt/ [ˈt̪ar.ɡɛt̪̚]
* Rhymes: -arɡɛt
* Syllabification: tar‧get

### Noun

targèt (uncountable)
* target: a goal or objective
    Synonym: sasaran

#### Derived terms

* bertarget
* menargetkan
* penarget
* penargetan
* target kekerasan

### Further reading

* “target” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English target.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaɾɡet/ [ˈt̪aɾ.ɣ̞et̪]
* Rhymes: -aɾɡet
* Syllabification: tar‧get

### Noun

target m (plural targets)
* target (goal, objective)
    Synonyms: objetivo, destinación

#### Usage notes

* According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.