# x

| x | U+0078, &#120; LATIN SMALL LETTER X |
| ← w [U+0077] | Basic Latin | y → [U+0079] |
| ˣ | U+02E3, &#739; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL X |
| ← ˢ [U+02E2] | Spacing Modifier Letters | ˤ → [U+02E4] |
| ⅹ | U+2179, &#8569; SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL TEN |
| ← ⅸ [U+2178] | Number Forms | ⅺ → [U+217A] |
| ｘ | U+FF58, &#65368; FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER X |
| ← ｗ [U+FF57] | Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | ｙ → [U+FF59] |

## Translingual
### Etymology 1
#### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
* (Variations of letter X): Ẍẍ Ẋẋ ᶍ Ｘｘ

### Etymology 2

The variable name comes from usage in Spain, as up to the 16th century ⟨x⟩ had the sound value /ʃ/ in Spanish, so was used to transcribe Arabic ش (š) used for the purpose of a variable as an abbreviation of شَيْء (šayʔ, “thing”). Its sound value in Spanish has since then become /x/, which explains the decision made in the circle of the International Phonetic Association to assign this character to the voiceless velar fricative. Compare English hickey (“an object whose name is not recalled; bruise-like mark made during petting by pressing the mouth to the skin”) for the development of the sense of a communicated kiss.

#### Pronunciation

* Pronunciation of IPA [xa axa] with the sound [x]:(file)

#### Symbol

x
* (IPA) a voiceless velar fricative.
    (superscript ⟨ˣ⟩) [x]-fricated release, [x]-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [x] – see ⟨ˣ⟩.
* (mathematics) A name for an unknown variable.
* (mathematics) The first coordinate in Cartesian coordinates, representing horizontal position.
* Used as a placeholder for a digit or value that may vary.
** 2008, Leonard Richardson, Sam Ruby, RESTful Web Services (in English), page 387:The 5xx [i.e. three digits starting "5"] series of status codes is for representing problems on the server side.
** 2009, Ravi Rikhye, Concise World Armies 2009 (in English):BRIGADE NUMBERING - TRADITIONAL • Armor Brigade [5xx series] • Armored Infantry Brigade [3xx series] • Motorized Infantry Brigade [2xx series] • Infantry Brigade [1xx series] • Special Forces [8xx series]
** 2010, Tri "Slowhabit" Nguyen, Martin Harris, Advanced PLO Play (in English), page 53:Although my opponent will have 4xxx [i.e. a 4 and three other cards] frequently, I have to stack off occasionally to avoid being exploited in this spot.
* A kiss at the end of a letter, or similar missive.
** 2009 September 8, tammy martinez, “God bless u!”, in cir-b-ksa‎ (Usenet; in Spanish), retrieved 2014-10-26:Que DIOS te bendiga, xoxoGOD bless you xoxo
** 2010 September 4, pap...@yahoo.com, “Re: Sortido”, in Medicina UFRJ Turma 1970‎ (Usenet; in Portuguese), retrieved 2014-10-26:Pratinha te amo, te amo...XOXO luizbolaParinha I love you, I love you...XOXO luizbola
** 2012, Amanda Jennings, Sworn Secret (in English):i love you :)! xxx. She pressed send and stared at him. She giggled when he reached into his pocket and pulled out his phone.
** 2012, Maya Rodale, Geheimes Spiel der Liebe‎ (in German):XOXO, dein Schreibmädchen, deine FrauXOXO, your writing girl, your wife
** 2013, Arthur Fleischmann, Carly Fleischmann, La voz de Carly‎ (in Spanish):Nos vemos en unos días. Te quiero. Xoxo.We see each other in a few days. I want you. Xoxo.
** 1999, Mon évolution par l'Amour‎ (in French), page 134:Je t’aime ! Kristel xxxx...I love you ! Kristel xxxx...

##### Usage notes

In the mathematical senses, the term is conventionally rendered in italics, as in, “Solve the equation $x^{3}+x=a$ for $x$.”

##### References

* ↑ Lagarde, Paul de (1882) “Woher stammt das x der Mathematiker?”, in Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen‎ (in German), number 13, pages 409–413

### Etymology 3

The multiplication sign is an arbitrary notation developed in the early 17th century.

#### Symbol

x
* Alternative spelling of ×
    Dimensions: 1280x720
    3x as much as usual
** 2017, Karin Loose, Gesunde Lebensführung - Gewusst wie!?: Ernährung + Bewegung + Psyche (in German), BookRix, →ISBN:Nebenzahlreichen sekundären Pflanzenstoffen enthält Moringa: 2x so viel Proteine wie Soja [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Usage notes

Using x (in upper- or lower-case, italicized or not, and sometimes rotated 90 degrees) to indicate multiplication was common in 17th-century mathematical texts. Today, this usage is considered poor typography, but it is nevertheless common because computer keyboards lack a ⟨×⟩ key.

##### References

* ↑ Cajori, Florian (1914 December) “The Cross X as a Symbol for Multiplication”, in Nature‎, volume 94, →DOI, pages 363–364

### Etymology 4

Originates in given multiples of the speeds specified in the original CD and DVD standards, then, by reason of the actual unit being without name but just implied by the multiplication sign, reinterpreted as or used as if a unit, considering also that data transfer speed is variable, so that now, bolstered by stylization of the sign in the marketing of manufacturers, either spelling, with the multiplication sign or with the ex borrowed from the iconic mathematical variable sign, seems correct.

#### Symbol

x
* (computing) A unit of transfer rate of CD drives, equal to 150 KiB per second.
* (computing) A unit of transfer rate of DVD drives, equal 1.32 MiB per second.

#### Further reading

* “What is meant by the speed of a CD or DVD drive?”, in Indiana University: University Information Technology Services Knowledge Base‎, 2018 January 18
* Optical disc drive on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* CD and DVD writing speed on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Etymology 5
#### Symbol

x
* Ⅹ, the Roman numeral ten (10)

##### Alternative forms

* X
* VV, vv (nonstandard)

#### See also

* Previous: ⅸ (nine, 9)
* Next: ⅺ (eleven, 11)

### Gallery

* Letter styles
* Uppercase and lowercase versions of X, in normal and italic type
* Uppercase and lowercase X in Fraktur

### See also

Other representations of X:
| NATO phonetic: Xray Morse code: –··– Braille: ⠭ ASL Manual: X | Signal flag: | Semaphore: |

## English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ɛks/
    Audio (US):(file)
    Rhymes: -ɛks
* (phoneme)
** IPA: /ks/, /ɡz/, /kʃ/, /ɡʒ/
** IPA: /z/, /ʃ/ (word-initially)

#### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X, plural xs or x's)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the English alphabet, called ex and written in the Latin script.
* Forming gender-neutral or otherwise more inclusive versions of words, especially Spanish-derived words by replacing both the masculine -o and feminine -a.
    alumnx, Chicanx (Xicanx), Filipinx, Latinx, Mx, mxn, Tejanx, womxn

##### Derived terms

* -x (replacing a /ks/ sound)
* x-risk (“existential risk”)
* x-word (“xenophobia; auxiliary form”)
* moto-x (“moto-cross”)
* x- (“trans-; cross-”)
* x-height
* x-wing

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
* (gender): @, -x

#### Adjective

x (not comparable)
* Alternative letter-case form of X (“intersex or non-binary (in passports and identification documents)”)

#### Numeral

x
* (sometimes humorous) An unknown or unspecified number of.
    Alternative form: X
** 2016 February 22, Andrew Sparrow, “David Cameron's swipe at Boris Johnson in the Commons – verdict”, in The Guardian‎:David Cameron gives a Commons statement after every EU summit and normally they follow a predictable pattern; he says that he set out with X number of aims, and then he explains he has achieved all X of them (even if he hasn’t). The most interesting comments normally come in the exchanges with MPs.
** 2016 May 19, Aaron Souppouris, “Why Google can't stop making messaging apps”, in Engadget‎:But chances are that Google will continue to float new ideas before eventually merging the best of them into a single, coherent application, as it did with Hangouts. And then it'll start the process again. In the meantime, Google will spend money developing x number of duplicate apps, and users will have to deal with a confusing mess of applications on their home screens.

##### Derived terms

* -x (representing a value that may vary)
* x-axis
* x-band
* x-intercept
* x unit

##### Translations
#### Conjunction

x
* (fandom slang) Used between the names of two characters to denote a ship, particularly in anime, manga, and video games.
** 1998 August 31, Greg Upchurch, “[Eva][Fanfic] Aright”, in rec.arts.anime.creative‎ (Usenet):If there is anyone in the audience who can't stand someone pushing a Shinji x Rei thing, I know you want to quit on this fic now.
** 2002 July 7, Arnold Kim, “Re: Favorite couples??”, in alt.tv.buffy-v-slayer‎ (Usenet):I'm a fairly big Angel x Buffy fan, though I'm not a particularly big fan of Angel. They just work well together, IMO.
** 2003 April 29, sephigirl, “Re: [OT] Character selections was: Re: [POLL] Identification”, in alt.fan.utena‎ (Usenet):Tho' my doujinshi is a Cloud x Sephiroth - yes you read that right - Cloud's name is first. ^^!
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:x.
* (music) Used in place of and in artist collaborations.
    Taska Black x DROELOE, Steve Aoki x Lauren Jauregui, etc.

### Etymology 2

Abbreviations.

#### Symbol

x
* (Stenoscript) the sound sequence /ɛks/ or /ks/.
* (Stenoscript) the suffix or final sequence /iəs/ (-ious, -eous, -eus)
* (Stenoscript) the suffix or final syllable /ʃəs/ (-tious, -cious, -xious)
* (Stenoscript) the suffix or final syllable /ʃəl/ (-tial, -cial)

### See also

* -x (abbreviation marker)
* x-cat-ik

## Afar
### Letter

x
* The eighth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, T t, S s, E e, C c, K k, X x, I i, D d, Q q, R r, F f, G g, O o, L l, M m, N n, U u, W w, H h, Y y

## Albanian
### Pronunciation

IPA: /d͡z/

### Letter

x (upper case X, lower case x)
* The thirty-second letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
* (Arvanitic)
* Greek script letters (script appendix): Α α, Β β, B b, Γ γ, Γϳ γϳ, Δ δ, D d, Ε ε, Ε̱ ε̱, Ζ ζ, Ζ̇ ζ̇, Θ θ, Ι ι, Ϳ ϳ, Κ κ, Κ̇ κ̇, Λ λ, ΛΛ λλ, Λ̇ λ̇, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ν̇ ν̇, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Ρ̇ ρ̇, Σ σ, Σ̈ σ̈, Τ τ, Ȣ ȣ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Χ̇ χ̇, ΤΣ τσ, ΤΣ̈ τσ̈, DΣ dσ, DΣ̈ dσ̈

## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃe/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Asturian alphabet.

#### Usage notes

* Historically, it represented /ks/, and /ʃ/ was represented by ẍ. In modern Asturian it always represents /ʃ/.

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /x/

### Letter

x lower case (upper case X)
* The twelfth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iʃa/, [i.ʃa]

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Basque alphabet, called ixa and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Blin
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħ/ (/x/ is spelled ⟨kh⟩)

### Letter

x (uppercase X)
* A letter of the Bilen Latin alphabet.

## Catalan
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈiks], [ˈʃeʃ]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈiks], [ˈt͡ʃejʃ]

#### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Catalan alphabet, called ics or xeix and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lletres; A a (À à), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ï ï), J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Etymology 2
#### Preposition

x
* (text messaging, Internet slang) per

## Central Mazahua
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃ/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ⱥ ⱥ, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cꞌ cꞌ, Cj cj, Cu cu, Cꞌu cꞌu, Cju cju, Ch ch, Chꞌ chꞌ, Chj chj, D d, Dy dy, E e, Ɇ ɇ, E̱ e̱, G g, Gu gu, Hu hu, ꞌHu ꞌhu, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jꞌ jꞌ, Jm jm, Jn jn, Jñ jñ, Ju ju, Jy jy, L l, M m, Mꞌ mꞌ, N n, Nꞌ nꞌ, Ñ ñ, Ñꞌ ñꞌ, O o, Ø ø, O̱ o̱, P p, Pj pj, R r, S s, T t, Tꞌ tꞌ, Tj tj, Ts ts, Tsꞌ tsꞌ, Tsj tsj, U u, Ꞹ ꞹ, U̱ u̱, X x, Z z, Zh zh, ꞌ

## Comox
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/

### Letter

x (no case)
* A letter of the Comox alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

Found in loan words and onomatopoeia.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) a, æ, aw, ay, ɔ, č, č̓, e, ɛ, ə, əw, əy, g, gʸ, h, i, ɩ, j, k, k̓, kʷ, k̓ʷ, kʸ, k̓ʸ, l, l̓, ɬ, ƛ, ƛ̓, m, m̓, n, n̓, o, ɔy, p, p̓, q, q̓, qʷ, q̓ʷ, s, š, t, t̓, θ, tᶿ, t̓ᶿ, u, ʊ, w, w̓, ꭓ, ꭓʷ, x, xʷ, y, y̓, ʔ, ꞉

## Czech
### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The thirty-eighth letter of the Czech alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, E e, É é, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, P p, Q q, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, Ů ů, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɪks
* (letter name): IPA: /ɪks/

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* the twenty-fourth letter of the Dutch alphabet

### See also

* Previous letter: w
* Next letter: y

## Esperanto
### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* (replacement) The letter that represents a diacritic in the x-system, written after the letter in its non-diacriticked form; it is called ikso.
    ambaŭ → ambaux

## Finnish
### Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and x for information on the development of the glyph itself.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (letter name); “äks”:(file)

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-third letter of the Finnish alphabet, called äks or eks and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with ks.

#### Derived terms

* x-akseli
* x-suunta

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

## French
### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /iks/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
** 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche‎, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:Avec ces propos et d’autres semblables, le pauvre gentilhomme perdait le jugement. Il passait les nuits et se donnait la torture pour les comprendre, pour les approfondir, pour leur tirer le sens des entrailles, ce qu’Aristote lui-même n’aurait pu faire, s’il fût ressuscité tout exprès pour cela.With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to consider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, which Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurrected for that very purpose.

## Gothic
### Romanization

x
* Romanization of 𐍇

## Heiltsuk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ç/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Heiltsuk alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, A̓ a̓, B b, C c, C̓ c̓, D d, Ꟛ ꟛ, G g, Gv gv, Ǧ ǧ, Ǧv ǧv, H h, H̓ h̓, Ħ ħ, I i, Í í, I̓ i̓, K k, Kv kv, K̓ k̓, K̓v k̓v, L l, ʼL l̓, Ḷ ḷ, Ḷ́ ḷ́, ʼḶ ḷ̓, Ɫ ɫ, M m, ʼM m̓, Ṃ ṃ, Ṃ́ ṃ́, ʼṂ ṃ̓, N n, ʼN n̓, Ṇ ṇ, Ṇ́ ṇ́, ʼṆ ṇ̓, P p, P̓ p̓, Q q, Qv qv, Q̓ q̓, Q̓v q̓v, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Ƛ ƛ, Ƛ̓ ƛ̓, U u, Ú ú, U̓ u̓, W w, ʼW w̓, X x, Xv xv, X̌ x̌, X̌v x̌v, Y y, ʼY y̓, Z z, ʔ

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: [ˈks]
* (letter name): IPA: [ˈiks]

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* A letter of the extended Hungarian alphabet, called iksz and written in the Latin script.

#### Derived terms

* x-edik
* x-edszer
* x-lábú
* x-szer

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

### Further reading

* x in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xs/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The twenty-seventh letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* (context pronunciation) IPA: /ks/
* (letter name) IPA: /kse/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Indonesian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (context pronunciation) IPA: /s, ks/
* (letter name) IPA: /ɛks/

#### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

x
* (text messaging) Abbreviation of kali.

### Etymology 3

Unknown.

#### Suffix

x
* (text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of -nya.
    Synonym: ny

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Letter

x f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, called ics in Italian

##### Usage notes

* The letter X is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords, Latinisms, and Grecisms.

### Etymology 2

The multiplication sign × (which is visually similar to the letter x) is pronounced per in Italian.

#### Preposition

x
* (text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of per (“for”).

##### Usage notes

* This convention is not only used for the preposition but also used within words such as, xké (“perché”), xò (“però”).

## Kankanaey
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog x. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English x.

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ʔeks/ [ʔek̠s]
** IPA: (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian) /ʔekh/ [ʔek̠h]
** Rhymes: -eks, (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian) -ekh
* (phoneme) IPA: /ks/ [k̠s]
** IPA: (parts of Bauko, Sabangan, & Tadian) /kh/ [k̠h]

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-sixth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called eks and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### References

* Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

## Kwak'wala
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Kwak'wala alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Uʼmista
* (Latin-script letters) A a, A̱ a̱, B b, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, K k, Kw kw, K̓ k̓, K̓w k̓w, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵ̓ ḵ̓, Ḵ̓w ḵ̓w, L l, ʼL ʼl, Ł ł, M m, ʼM ʼm, N n, ʼN ʼn, O o, P p, P̓ p̓, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Tł tł, T̓ł t̓ł, Ts ts, T̓s t̓s, U u, W w, ʼW ʼw, X x, Xw xw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, Y y, ʼY ʼy, ʼ
* Liq̓ʷala
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ə ə, B b, D d, Ꟛ ꟛ, Dᶻ dᶻ, E e, G g, Gʷ gʷ, Ǧ ǧ, Ǧʷ ǧʷ, H h, I i, K k, Kʷ kʷ, K̓ k̓, K̓ʷ k̓ʷ, Q q, Qʷ qʷ, Q̓ q̓, Q̓ʷ q̓ʷ, L l, L̓ l̓, Ł ł, M m, M̓ m̓, N n, N̓ n̓, O o, P p, P̓ p̓, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Ƛ ƛ, Ƛ̓ ƛ̓, C c, C̓ c̓, U u, W w, W̓ w̓, X x, Xʷ xʷ, X̌ x̌, X̌ʷ x̌ʷ, Y y, Y̓ y̓, ʔ

## Latin
### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-third letter of the Latin alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* More information at X.

## Malay
### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X) (eks)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Adverb

x
* (informal, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of tak (“not”).

#### Synonyms

* tidak

#### Derived terms

* xde (tidak ada, "does not have")
* xpe (tidak apa, "what not")

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃ/
* IPA: /ʒ/ (by assimilation to a following voiced obstruent)
* In a handful of English borrowings, x represents /ʒ/ also in other positions (compare televixin).

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The twenty-eighth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

## Mam
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʂ/

### Letter

x (uppercase X)
* A letter of the Mam alphabet.

## Navajo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/, /h/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

The letter ⟨x⟩ is used for the phoneme /x/, but also for /h/ after the letter ⟨s⟩ and elsewhere that an ⟨h⟩ would be ambiguous.
* Appendix:Navajo alphabet

## Norwegian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /eks/, /ɛks/
* (phoneme): IPA: /ks/, /s/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

x
* The 24th letter of the Norwegian alphabet.

#### Usage notes

* Only appears in loanwords from e.g. Latin.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

Phoneme:
* IPA: /ʃ/, /ks/, /s/, /z/, /ɡz/
Letter name:
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃis/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃis/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʃiʃ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃiʃ/
* Audio (Brazil):(file)

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Romani
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* (International Standard) The eleventh letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
* (Pan-Vlax) The twelfth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

### References

* Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “X, x”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 13

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ks/, /ɡz/

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-ninth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ics and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ks]

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The forty-first letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, Ä ä, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, Dz dz, Dž dž, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ĺ ĺ, Ľ ľ, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, Q q, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Somali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħ/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* The fifth letter of the Somali alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (phoneme) /ks/, /s/, /x/
* IPA: (letter name) /ˈekis/ [ˈe.kis]
** Audio (Spain):(file)
** Rhymes: -ekis
* IPA: (gender-neutral) /e/ [e]
** Rhymes: -e

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* the 25th letter of the Spanish alphabet
* (uncommon) forms gender-neutral versions of words by replacing both the masculine o and feminine a
    ‎chicano/chicana → ‎chicanx
    ‎ellos/ellas → ‎ellxs
    ‎latino/latina → ‎latinx
    ‎los/las → ‎lxs

#### See also
### Preposition

x
* (text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of por. Compare English 4.
    Gracias x comentar. Saludos.Thanks for commenting. Regards.
    Gracias x el apoyo.Thanks for the support.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish x. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English x.
* Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish x.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈʔeks/ [ˈʔɛks] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -eks
** IPA: /ˈʔekis/ [ˈʔɛː.xɪs] (letter name, Abecedario)
*** Rhymes: -ekis
** IPA: /ks/ [ks] (phoneme)
** IPA: /h/ [h] (phoneme, some Spanish loanwords)

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐ᜔)
* The twenty-sixth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called eks and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* This letter is mostly used only in proper nouns, unadapted loanwords, or Spanish-based spellings.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃᜒᜐ᜔)
* (historical) The twenty-sixth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called equis or ekis and written in the Latin script.

### Further reading

* “x”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Tarifit
### Alternative forms

* xef

### Etymology

From ixf (“head”) by means of grammaticalization.

### Preposition

x (Tifinagh spelling ⵅ)
* location marker
** indicates location on top of something: on, on top of
    yeqqim x řkursiHe sat on the chair.

## Tashelhit
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /χ/

### Letter

x (Upper case X)
* A letter of the Tashelhit alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### Further reading

* Berber Latin alphabet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Tlingit
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/

### Letter

x (upper case X)
* A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Canada:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
* US:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․

## Zulu
### Letter

x (lower case, upper case X)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z