# referendum
## English
### Etymology

From Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“I announce”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

referendum (plural referenda or referendums)
* (politics) A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment. (The adposition on is usually used before the related subject of the vote.)
    Synonym: plebiscite
** 1975, Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, Informational Bulletin:In some cases, a referendum on the proposed bond issue must be held.
** 2019, Nalini Mohabir, “Renaming the Cook Islands would be a vital step towards true independence”, in Guardian.:Although the Cook Islands held a referendum in 1994, when voters rejected a name change, the yearning for a decolonised identity has not disappeared.
* An action, choice, etc., which is perceived as passing judgment on another matter.
    My father is taking my decision on whether to go to university as a referendum on his performance as a parent, and it's very stressful.

#### Derived terms

* pseudoreferendum

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### See also

* ad referendum

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Latin referendum.

### Noun

referendum
* referendum (in sense: a direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment).

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɛfɛrɛndum]

### Noun

referendum n
* referendum (direct popular vote)

#### Related terms

* See oferta

### Further reading

* “referendum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “referendum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “referendum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology

From Latin referendum, the neuter gerundive of referre (“to refer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛfərɛndɔm/, [ʁɛfəˈʁand̥ɔm]

### Noun

referendum n (singular definite referendummet, plural indefinite referendummer or referenda)
* referendum (direct popular vote on a proposed law)

#### Synonyms

* folkeafstemning

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Latin referendum.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

referendum n (plural referenda or referendums, diminutive referendumpje n)
* referendum

#### Derived terms

* referendabel

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: referendum
* → Papiamentu: referendum

## Estonian
### Etymology

From Latin referendum.

### Noun

referendum (genitive referendumi, partitive referendumit)
* referendum
    Synonyms: rahvahääletus, rahvaküsitlus

#### Derived terms

* pseudoreferendum

### See also

* plebistsiit

### Further reading

* “referendum”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
* “referendum”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
* referendum in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁe.fe.ʁɛ̃.dɔm/, /ʁe.fe.ʁɑ̃.dɔm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

referendum m (plural referendums or referenda)
* Alternative spelling of référendum

### Further reading

* “referendum”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch referendum, from Latin referendum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /re.fəˈrɛn.dum/, [re.fəˈrɛn.dʊm]
* Rhymes: -dʊm
* Hyphenation: re‧fê‧ren‧dum

### Noun

refêrendum (plural referendum-referendum)
* (law, government, politics) referendum: a direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment

#### Derived terms

* referendum fakultatif
* referendum obligator

### Further reading

* “referendum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /re.feˈrɛn.dum/
* Rhymes: -ɛndum
* Hyphenation: re‧fe‧rèn‧dum
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

referendum m (invariable)
* referendum

#### Derived terms

* referendario

## Ladin
### Noun

referendum m (plural referendums)
* referendum

## Latin
### Participle

referendum
* inflection of referendus:
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
** accusative masculine singular

## Malay
### Etymology

From English referendum, from Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“I announce”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rɛ.fə.rɛn.dəm]
* Rhymes: -dəm, -əm
* Hyphenation: re‧fe‧ren‧dum

### Noun

referendum (Jawi spelling ريفريندوم, plural referendum-referendum, informal 1st possessive referendumku, 2nd possessive referendummu, 3rd possessive referendumnya)
* (politics) A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment; a referendum.
    Synonym: pungutan suara

### Further reading

* “referendum” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maltese
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin referendum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛ.fɛˈrɛn.dum/

### Noun

referendum m (plural referenda or referendumijiet)
* referendum

#### Related terms

* refendarju

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Latin referendum.

### Noun

referendum n (definite singular referendumet, indefinite plural referenda or referendumer, definite plural referendaene or referenduma or referendumene)
* a referendum

#### Synonyms

* folkeavstemning

### References

* “referendum” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “referendum” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Latin referendum.

### Noun

referendum n (definite singular referendumet, indefinite plural referendum, definite plural referenduma)
* a referendum

#### Synonyms

* folkerøysting

### References

* “referendum” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin referendum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛ.fɛˈrɛn.dum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛndum
* Syllabification: re‧fe‧ren‧dum

### Noun

referendum n (related adjective referendalny or referendowy)
* (law, politics) referendum (direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment)
    Synonym: plebiscyt
    Hypernym: głosowanie

#### Declension
### Further reading

* referendum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* referendum in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* referendum in PWN's encyclopedia

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin referendum, French référendum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /re.feˈren.dum/

### Noun

referendum n (plural referendumuri)
* referendum
    Synonym: plebiscit

#### Related terms

* referendar

### References

* referendum in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /referěndum/
* Hyphenation: re‧fe‧ren‧dum

### Noun

referèndum m (Cyrillic spelling реферѐндум)
* referendum

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Noun

referendum
* referendum (direct popular vote)
    Synonym: folkomröstning

### Further reading

* referendum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)