OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# holostome
## English

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

From holo- (“whole”) +‎ -stome (“mouth”).

### Noun

holostome (plural holostomes)
* An adult digenetic trematode with a portion of its ventral surface modified to be a complex adhesive organ.
* (conchology, obsolete) Any of the division Holostomata of gastropods.
* (ichthyology, obsolete) Any of the suborder Helostomi of eel-like fish.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. (See the entry for “holostome”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

#### Coordinate terms

* (conchology): siphonostome

#### Derived terms

* holostome sedge (Carex holostoma)

#### Related terms

* holostomatous

### See also

* †Holostoma (syn. of Reticulipora)
* Holostomidae
* Holostomis
* Holostemma

### References

* “holostome”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# গণ
## Assamese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɔn/

### Noun

গণ • (gon)
* a multitude
* Shiva's attendants

#### Declension
### References

* “গণ”, in Candrakānta abhidhāna: Asamīyā śabdara butpatti āru udāharaṇere Asamīyā-Ingrājī dui bhashara artha thakā abhidhāna [Comprehensive dictionary of the Assamese language with etymology and illustrations of words with their meanings in Assamese and English], 2nd edition, Guwahati: Gauhati University, 1962, →OCLC.

## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /ɡɔn/, [ɡɔn]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /ɡɔn/, [ɡɔn]

### Noun

গণ • (gon)
* collection, multitude
* number more than one
* community
* class
* group
* genus
* species
* the common people
* the masses
* the attendants of Shiva
* a clan, race, family
* a classification of persons according to the stars predominant at their birth
* (grammar) a classification of verbs

#### Derived terms

* গণইফতার (gonoiphtar)
* গণকবর (gonkobor)
* গণচেতনা (goncetona)
* গণতন্ত্র (gonotontro)
* গণতান্ত্রিক (gonotantrik)
* গণদেব (gonodeb)
* গণদেবতা (gondebota)
* গণধর্ষণ (gonodhorśon)
* গণধোলাই (gondhōlai)
* গণনাট্য (gononaṭṭo)
* গণনাথ (gononath)
* গণনায়ক (gononaẏok)
* গণপরিষদ (gonopriśod)
* গণপিটুনি (gonpiṭuni)
* গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী (gonoprojatontri)
* গণবিক্ষোভ (gonobikkhōbh)
* গণভোট (gonobhōṭ)
* গণমাধ্যম (gonomaddhom)
* গণমিছিল (gonmichilo)
* গণযুদ্ধ (gonojuddho)
* গণশক্তি (gonośokti)
* গণসংগীত (gonośoṅgit)
* গণসংগ্রাম (gonośoṅgram)
* গণহত্যা (gonohotta)

### References

* Biswas, Sailendra (2000) “গণ”, in Samsad Bengali-English dictionary, 3rd edition, Calcutta: Sahitya Samsad, →OCLC.
# bukay-pato
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˌbukaj ˈpato/ [ˌbuː.xaɪ̯ ˈpaː.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ato
* Syllabification: bu‧kay-pa‧to

### Noun

bukay-pato (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃᜌ᜔ᜉᜆᜓ)
* Alternative form of bokay-pato
# গণকবর
## Bengali
### Etymology

By surface analysis, গণ (gon) +‎ কবর (kobor)

### Noun

গণকবর • (gonkobor)
* mass grave
# p**sy
## English
### Noun

p**sy (plural p**sies)
* Censored spelling of pussy.
# Lesák
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɛsaːk]
* Hyphenation: Le‧sák

### Proper noun

Lesák m anim (female equivalent Lesáková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Lesák”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# νικήσαντι
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niː.kɛ̌ː.san.ti/ → /niˈci.san.ti/ → /niˈci.san.di/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /niː.kɛ̌ː.san.ti/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /niˈke̝.san.ti/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /niˈci.san.ti/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /niˈci.san.ti/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /niˈci.san.di/

### Participle

νῑκήσαντῐ • (nīkḗsantĭ)
* masculine/neuter dative singular of νῑκήσᾱς (nīkḗsās)
# ἀμφίπολον
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /am.pʰí.po.lon/ → /amˈɸi.po.lon/ → /amˈfi.po.lon/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /am.pʰí.po.lon/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /amˈpʰi.po.lon/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /amˈɸi.po.lon/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /amˈfi.po.lon/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /amˈfi.po.lon/

### Adjective

ἀμφίπολον • (amphípolon)
* inflection of ἀμφίπολος (amphípolos):
** neuter nominative/vocative singular
** masculine/feminine/neuter accusative singular
# أفجع
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ʔaf.d͡ʒaʕ/

### Adjective

أَفْجَع • (ʔafjaʕ)
* elative degree of فَجِيع (fajīʕ):
** more/most afflicting, distressing, agonizing, torturous, tormenting, painful
# chałapa
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Middle Polish) IPA: /xaˈɫa.pa/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /xaˈwa.pa/

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “same as chałupa?”)

#### Noun

chałapa m pers
* (Far Masovian) oaf (clumsy person)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “same as chałupa?”)

#### Noun

chałapa f
* Middle Polish form of chałupa

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “chałapa”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 104
* Wiesław Morawski (31.01.2019) “CHAŁAPA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
# chałpa
## Kashubian
### Alternative forms

* chałëpa

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xalupa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
* Rhymes: -awpa
* Syllabification: chał‧pa

### Noun

chałpa f (diminutive chałpka or chałëpka, augmentative chałpiszcze)
* peasant's house, especially a simple wooden one
* shanty, cottage, hut

#### Derived terms

* chałëpnici
* chałëpniczi
* chałëpnica
* chałëpnictwò
* chałëpnik

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “chałupa”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “chałupa”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “chałpa”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kraków) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Podegrodzie) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Biecz) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈxaw.pa]
** (Goral):
*** (Kliszczacy) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/

### Noun

chałpa f
* (Western Kraków, Podegrodzie, Biecz, Przemyśl, Kliszczak) Alternative form of chałupa

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1899) “chałpa”, in “Lud wiejski w okolicy Przeworska”, in M. Arct, E. Lubowski, editors, Wisła : miesięcznik gieograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 13, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 237
* Jan Karłowicz (1900) “chałupa”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 172
# Radoš
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈradoʃ]

### Proper noun

Radoš m anim (female equivalent Radošová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Radoš”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Proper noun

Radoš m (Cyrillic spelling Радош)
* a male given name
# барвенак
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian барви́нокъ (barvínok). Cognate of Ukrainian барві́нок (barvínok).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [barˈvʲenak]
* Rhymes: -enak
* Hyphenation: ба‧рве‧нак, бар‧ве‧нак

### Noun

барве́нак • (barvjénak) m inan (genitive барве́нку, uncountable, relational adjective барве́нкавы, diminutive барве́начак)
* (botany) periwinkle

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1978), “барве́нак”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 1 (А – бячэ́йка), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 312

### Further reading

* “барвенак”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “барвенак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "барвенак" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# ຮຽບຮ້ອຍ
## Lao
### Alternative forms

* ຮຽບຮ້ອຽ (hīap hǭi) — dated

### Pronunciation

* (Vientiane) IPA: [hiːə̯p̚˥˨.hɔːj˥˨]
* (Luang Prabang) IPA: [hiːə̯p̚˧˦.hɔːj˧˦]
* Hyphenation: ຮຽບ-ຮ້ອຍ
* Rhymes: -ɔːj

### Etymology

Compare Thai เรียบร้อย (rîiap-rɔ́ɔi).

### Adjective

ຮຽບຮ້ອຍ • (hīap hǭi) (abstract noun ຄວາມຮຽບຮ້ອຍ)
* neat, tidy; orderly
    ເຮືອນຊານສະອາດຮຽບຮ້ອຍ ― hư̄an sān sa ʼāthīap hǭi ― a neat and tidy house
* finish, complete
    ເຮັດບົດເຝິກຫັດຮຽບຮ້ອຍຈຶ່ງໄປຫຼິ້ນ ― het bot fœk hathīap hǭichưng pai lin ― Finish your exercises first then go and play.
* safe, satisfactory; successful
* well-bred, courteous
    ແຕ່ງຕົວແບບຮຽບຮ້ອຍ ― tǣng tūa bǣphīap hǭi ― dress neatly/be well-groomed
# ຮຽບຮ້ອຍ
## Lao
### Alternative forms

* ຮຽບຮ້ອຽ (hīap hǭi) — dated

### Etymology

Compare Thai เรียบร้อย (rîiap-rɔ́ɔi).

### Pronunciation

* (Vientiane) IPA: [hiːə̯p̚˥˨.hɔːj˥˨]
* (Luang Prabang) IPA: [hiːə̯p̚˧˦.hɔːj˧˦]
* Hyphenation: ຮຽບ-ຮ້ອຍ
* Rhymes: -ɔːj

### Adjective

ຮຽບຮ້ອຍ • (hīap hǭi) (abstract noun ຄວາມຮຽບຮ້ອຍ)
* neat, tidy; orderly
    ເຮືອນຊານສະອາດຮຽບຮ້ອຍ ― hư̄an sān sa ʼāthīap hǭi ― a neat and tidy house
* finish, complete
    ເຮັດບົດເຝິກຫັດຮຽບຮ້ອຍຈຶ່ງໄປຫຼິ້ນ ― het bot fœk hathīap hǭichưng pai lin ― Finish your exercises first then go and play.
* safe, satisfactory; successful
* well-bred, courteous
    ແຕ່ງຕົວແບບຮຽບຮ້ອຍ ― tǣng tūa bǣphīap hǭi ― dress neatly/be well-groomed
# -mance
## English
### Etymology 1
#### Suffix

-mance
* to carry out a specified form of divination

##### Related terms

* -mancy
* -mancer
* -mantic

### Etymology 2

From a rebracketing of romance.

#### Suffix

-mance
* (fandom slang, video games) A suffix attached to a noun or character's name to create a word for an in-game romance subplot or mechanic.
** 2015 February 10, Velynven, Reddit‎:I very much look forward to this on my Dorianmance playthrough.
** 2021 December 1, cappyfish, Reddit‎:My Andersmance was taken at a more leisurely pace, so I really got into the depth and grief over his character and his romance.
** 2023 September 19, Irma 'Aimo (@aimostudio), Twitter‎:My own Galemance run will go full swing once my Astarionmance one wraps up, so more to come soon ☺️
# Carolus
## English
### Etymology 1

From Carolus, Latin for Charles. Doublet of Charles.

#### Noun

Carolus (plural Caroluses or Caroli)
* (historical) An old English gold coin, worth 20 (or later 23) shillings.

##### Related terms

* Carolus dollar

### Etymology 2

From Latin Carolus, Latinized form of the personal name Charles. This surname is mostly found in South Africa.

#### Proper noun

Carolus (plural Caroluses)
* A surname from Latin.

##### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Carolus is the 34495th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 656 individuals. Carolus is most common among White (93.45%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Carolus”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 292.

### Anagrams

* Lacours, oculars, oscular

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Carlus (rare)
* Karolus

### Etymology

A Latinized form of various Germanic names (e.g. Old High German karal, karl, Frankish *karil), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *karilaz.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈka.ro.lus/, [ˈkärɔɫ̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈka.ro.lus/, [ˈkäːrolus]

### Proper noun

Carolus m (genitive Carolī); second declension
* a male given name from the Germanic languages

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* Carolus Magnus

#### Descendants

* Asturian: Carlos
* Catalan: Carles
* Corsican: Carulu
* Czech: Karel
* French: Charles
** → English: Charles
** → Persian: شارل (šârl)
** → Russian: Шарль (Šarlʹ)
** → Chinese: 夏爾 / 夏尔 (Xià'ěr)
* Friulian: Carli
* Galician: Carlos
* Italian: Carlo
* Occitan: Carles
* Portuguese: Carlos
* Romanian: Carol
* Sicilian: Carlu, Carru
* Spanish: Carlos
* Venetan: Carlo
* Walloon: Tchåle
# барвенак
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian барвѣ́нокъ (barvě́nok). Cognate of Ukrainian барві́нок (barvínok).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [barˈvʲenak]
* Rhymes: -enak
* Hyphenation: ба‧рве‧нак, бар‧ве‧нак

### Noun

барве́нак • (barvjénak) m inan (genitive барве́нку, uncountable, relational adjective барве́нкавы, diminutive барве́начак)
* (botany) periwinkle

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1978), “барве́нак”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 1 (А – бячэ́йка), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 312

### Further reading

* “барвенак”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “барвенак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "барвенак" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# Bakterie
## German
### Etymology

From New Latin bacteria, plural of bacterium reinterpreted as feminine singular. See also Bakterium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bakˈteːʁi̯ə/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Bakterie f (genitive Bakterie, plural Bakterien)
* (dated, microbiology) bacterium
    Synonym: Bakterium

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Bakterie” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Bakterie” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Bakterie” in Duden online
# фіялка
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian фїа́лка (fiálka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [fʲiˈjaɫka]
* Rhymes: -aɫka
* Hyphenation: фія‧лка, фі‧ял‧ка

### Noun

фія́лка • (fijálka) f inan (genitive фія́лкі, nominative plural фія́лкі, genitive plural фія́лак, relational adjective фія́лкавы, diminutive фія́лачка)
* (botany) violet

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “фіялка”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “фіялка” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "фіялка" in Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984) at Verbum

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [fʲiˈjaɫkɐ]
* Hyphenation: фі‧ял‧ка

### Noun

фія́лка • (fijálka) f inan (genitive фія́лки, nominative plural фія́лки, genitive plural фія́лок, relational adjective фія́лковий, diminutive фія́лочка)
* 1928–1933 spelling of фіа́лка (fiálka, “violet”), which was deprecated in the orthography reform of 1933

#### Declension
### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “фіялка”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “фіялка”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# wokista
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From woke +‎ -ista, a partial calque of English wokist.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /u.o(w)ˈkis.tɐ/ [ʊ.o(ʊ̯)ˈkis.tɐ], (faster pronunciation) /wo(w)ˈkis.tɐ/ [wo(ʊ̯)ˈkis.tɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /u.o(w)ˈkis.tɐ/ [ʊ.o(ʊ̯)ˈkis.tɐ], (faster pronunciation) /wo(w)ˈkis.tɐ/ [wo(ʊ̯)ˈkis.tɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /u.o(w)ˈkiʃ.tɐ/ [ʊ.o(ʊ̯)ˈkiʃ.tɐ], (faster pronunciation) /wo(w)ˈkiʃ.tɐ/ [wo(ʊ̯)ˈkiʃ.tɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /u.o(w)ˈkis.ta/ [ʊ.o(ʊ̯)ˈkis.ta], (faster pronunciation) /wo(w)ˈkis.ta/ [wo(ʊ̯)ˈkis.ta]
* (Portugal) IPA: /woˈkiʃ.tɐ/
* Rhymes: -istɐ, -iʃtɐ
* Hyphenation: wo‧kis‧ta

### Adjective

wokista m or f (plural wokistas)
* (derogatory) Of, relating to, supporting, or advocating wokeism.

### Noun

wokista m or f by sense (plural wokistas)
* (derogatory) wokeist

#### Related terms

* wokismo

### Further reading

* “wokista”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “wokista”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# рабінавая ноч
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Literally, “rowan night”. Inherited from Old East Slavic рѩбинаѩ ночь (rjębinaję nočĭ), with the first word reinterpreted. Cognate of Ukrainian гороби́на ніч (horobýna nič). Doublet of вераб'і́ная ноч (vjerabʺínaja noč).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [raˈbʲinavaja not͡ʂ]

### Noun

рабі́навая ноч • (rabínavaja noč) f inan (genitive рабі́навай но́чы, nominative plural рабі́навыя но́чы, genitive plural рабі́навых начэ́й)
* dark stormy summer night
    Synonym: вераб'і́ная ноч (vjerabʺínaja noč)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* ↑ Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2006), “рабі́навая ноч”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 11 (раб – сая́н), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 10

### Further reading

* “ноч”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “рабінавая ноч” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "ноч" in Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984) at Verbum
# Eirlanda
## Mirandese
### Proper noun

Eirlanda
* Ireland (a country in Europe)
** 2018 June 11, “Miranda de l Douro i Sligo (Eirlanda) dan las manos para trabalhar an bários campos”, in Çubiaco‎, number 25, Munecípio de Miranda de l Douro:Ls municípios de Miranda de l Douro i de Sligo, na Eirlanda, assinórun die 13 de maio ua carta para animar a la colaboraçon ne ls campos de l'eiducaçon, cultura, eiquenomie, arqueologie i turismo.On May 13, the municipalities of Miranda de Douro and Sligo, Ireland, signed a charter to strengthen collaboration in areas such as education, culture, the economy, archaeology, and tourism.

#### Related terms

* eirlandés
# chałpa
## Kashubian
### Alternative forms

* chałëpa

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xalupa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
* Rhymes: -awpa
* Syllabification: chał‧pa

### Noun

chałpa f (diminutive chałpka or chałëpka, augmentative chałpiszcze)
* peasant's house, especially a simple wooden one
* shanty, cottage, hut

#### Derived terms

* chałëpnici
* chałëpniczi
* chałëpnica
* chałëpnictwò
* chałëpnik

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “chałupa”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “chałupa”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “chałpa”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kraków) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Podegrodzie) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Biecz) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈxaw.pa]
** (Goral):
*** (Kliszczacy) IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/

### Noun

chałpa f
* (Western Kraków, Podegrodzie, Biecz, Przemyśl, Kliszczak) Alternative form of chałupa

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1899) “chałpa”, in “Lud wiejski w okolicy Przeworska”, in M. Arct, E. Lubowski, editors, Wisła : miesięcznik gieograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 13, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 237
* Jan Karłowicz (1900) “chałupa”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 172

## Silesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxaw.pa/
* Rhymes: -awpa
* Syllabification: chał‧pa

### Noun

chałpa f
* Alternative form of chałupa

#### Declension
### Further reading

* chalpa-chalupa in dykcjonorz.eu
* chałpa in silling.org
* Bogdan Kallus (2020) “chałupa”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 28
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “chałpa”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 67
* Eugeniusz Kosmała (2023) “chałpa, chałupa”, in Dykcjōnôrz Polsko-Ślonskiy (in Silesian), section C, page 16
* Michał Przywara (c. 1900) “chałpa”, in Narzecza śląskie napisał ks. Michał Przywara. C. Słownik‎
# Γ

| Γ | U+0393, &#915; GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA |
| ← Β [U+0392] | Greek and Coptic | Δ → [U+0394] |

## Translingual
### Symbol

Γ
* (mathematics) the gamma function (usually written as Γ-function). An extension of the factorial to complex numbers
* (fluid mechanics) circulation

### See also

* Γ on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Albanian
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɡ(ə)/

### Letter

Γ (G) (upper case Γ, lower case γ)
* The 4th letter of the Arvanitic Albanian Greek-script alphabet.

#### See also

* Greek script letters (script appendix): Α α, Β β, B b, Γ γ, Γϳ γϳ, Δ δ, D d, Ε ε, Ε̱ ε̱, Ζ ζ, Ζ̇ ζ̇, Θ θ, Ι ι, Ϳ ϳ, Κ κ, Κ̇ κ̇, Λ λ, ΛΛ λλ, Λ̇ λ̇, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ν̇ ν̇, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Ρ̇ ρ̇, Σ σ, Σ̈ σ̈, Τ τ, Ȣ ȣ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Χ̇ χ̇, ΤΣ τσ, ΤΣ̈ τσ̈, DΣ dσ, DΣ̈ dσ̈
* (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Phoenician 𐤂 (g, “gīml”).

### Letter

Γ • (G) (uppercase, lowercase γ)
* The letter gamma (γάμμα), the third letter of the ancient Greek alphabet.

#### Derived terms

* (Cyrillic) Г
* (Coptic) Ⲅ
* (Gothic) 𐌲

#### See also

* (Greek-script letters) Α α, Β β, Γ γ, Δ δ, Ε ε, Ζ ζ, Η η, Θ θ, Ι ι, Κ κ, Λ λ, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ξ ξ, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Σ σ ς, Τ τ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Ψ ψ, Ω ω
* (non-Classical letters) Ϝ (W) ϝ (w), Ͷ ͷ, Ͱ (H) ͱ (h), Ϻ (S) ϻ (s), Ϟ, ϟ, Ϙ (Q) ϙ (q), Ͳ (S) ͳ (s)
* (punctuation) · ;
* (diacritics) ᾿ ῾ ◌́ ◌̀ ῀ ¨

## Greek
### Etymology

Derived from the Phoenician letter Gimel .

### Letter

Γ • (G) (uppercase, lowercase γ)
* The upper case letter gamma (γάμα or γάμμα), the third letter of the modern Greek alphabet.

### Numeral

Γ • (G)
* The number three in Greek numerals.

#### Derived terms

* ͵Γ (“the number 3000 in Greek numerals”)

#### See also

* (Greek-script letters) Α α, Β β, Γ γ, Δ δ, Ε ε, Ζ ζ, Η η, Θ θ, Ι ι, Κ κ, Λ λ, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ξ ξ, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Σ σ ς, Τ τ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Ψ ψ, Ω ω
* (non-Classical letters) Ϝ (W) ϝ (w), Ͷ ͷ, Ͱ (H) ͱ (h), Ϻ (S) ϻ (s), Ϟ, ϟ, Ϙ (Q) ϙ (q), Ͳ (S) ͳ (s)
* (punctuation) · ;
* (diacritics) ᾿ ῾ ◌́ ◌̀ ῀ ¨

## Tuareg
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕ/

### Letter

Γ (lower case ʕ)
* A letter of the Tuareg alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Xhosa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /x/

### Letter

Γ (lower case ɼ)
* Obsolete letter replaced by Rh.