OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zefanya
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch Zefanja, from Hebrew צְפַנְיָה (ts'fanyá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zəˈfa.ɲa/, [zəˈfa.ɲa]
* Hyphenation: Ze‧fa‧nya

### Proper noun

Zefanya
* Zephaniah
** (Christianity, Judaism) Hebrew prophet associated with the Book of Zephaniah
** (Christianity, Judaism) a book of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Tanakh

### See also

* Kejadian
* Keluaran
* Imamat
* Bilangan
* Ulangan
* Yosua
* Hakim-hakim
* Rut
* 1 Samuel
* 2 Samuel
* 1 Raja-raja
* 2 Raja-raja
* 1 Tawarikh
* 2 Tawarikh
* 1 Esdras
* 2 Esdras
* Ester
* Tobit
* Yudit
* 1 Makabe
* 2 Makabe
* Ayub
* Mazmur
* Amsal
* Pengkhotbah
* Kidung Agung
* Kebijaksanaan
* Sirakh
* Yesaya
* Yeremia
* Ratapan
* Barukh
* Yehezkiel
* Daniel
* Hosea
* Yoel
* Amos
* Obaja
* Yunus
* Mikha
* Nahum
* Habakuk
* Zefanya
* Hagai
* Zakharia
* Maleakhi
* Kejadian
* Keluaran
* Imamat
* Bilangan
* Ulangan
* Yosua
* Hakim-hakim
* Rut
* 1 Samuel
* 2 Samuel
* 1 Raja-raja
* 2 Raja-raja
* 1 Tawarikh
* 2 Tawarikh
* Ezra
* Nehemia
* Ester
* Ayub
* Mazmur
* Amsal
* Pengkhotbah
* Kidung Agung
* Yesaya
* Yeremia
* Ratapan
* Yehezkiel
* Daniel
* Hosea
* Yoel
* Amos
* Obaja
* Yunus
* Mikha
* Nahum
* Habakuk
* Zefanya
* Hagai
* Zakharia
* Maleakhi

### Further reading

* “Zefanya” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# zending
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch sendinge. Equivalent to zenden +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzɛn.dɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: zen‧ding
* Rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ

### Noun

zending f (plural zendingen, diminutive zendinkje n)
* round, batch (collection of thing arriving together)
* (Protestantism) mission (proselytisation)
    Synonyms: evangelisering, missie
* the act of sending

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: sending
* → Indonesian: zending

### Anagrams

* zingend

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch zending, from Middle Dutch sendinge.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzɛn.dɪŋ]
* Hyphenation: zèn‧ding

### Noun

zènding (plural zending-zending)
* (Christianity, Protestantism) mission, religious evangelism
    Synonym: misi

#### Alternative forms

* sendeng
* sending

### Further reading

* “zending” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# zona industri
## Indonesian
### Noun

zona industri (plural zona-zona industri)
* industry zone

#### Alternative forms

* zone industri
# zona waktu
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of zona (“zone”) +‎ waktu (“time”), calque of Dutch tijdzone.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzo.na ˈwak.tu/

### Noun

zona waktu (plural zona-zona waktu)
* (geography) time zone

#### Alternative forms

* zon waktu (Johor-Riau)

### Further reading

* “zona waktu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# debuccalization
## English
### Etymology

From de- (“from, off”) +‎ buccal (“pertaining to the mouth”) +‎ -ization. Literally meaning “removal from the mouth”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /diːˌbʌ.kə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən, dɪ-, -ˌbʊ-/
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

debuccalization (usually uncountable, plural debuccalizations)
* (phonology) A sound change in which a consonant loses its original place of articulation and becomes [h] or [ʔ].
    Antonym: buccalization

#### Related terms

* debuccalize

#### Translations
### Further reading

* debuccalization on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Debuccalization and supplementary gestures
# debuccalization
## English
### Etymology

From de- (“from, off”) +‎ buccal (“pertaining to the mouth”) +‎ -ization. Literally meaning “removal from the mouth”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /diːˌbʌ.kə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən, dɪ-, -ˌbʊ-/
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

debuccalization (usually uncountable, plural debuccalizations)
* (phonology) A sound change in which a consonant loses its original place of articulation and becomes [h] or [ʔ].
    Antonym: buccalization
    Synonym: deoralization

#### Related terms

* debuccalize

#### Translations
### Further reading

* debuccalization on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Debuccalization and supplementary gestures
# buccalization
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌbʌ.kə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, [ˌbʌkəlaɪˈzeɪʃn̩]

### Noun

buccalization (uncountable)
* (phonetics) The process of a speech sound becoming buccal.
    Antonym: debuccalization
** 1975, Eric H. Lenneberg, Elizabeth Lenneberg, Foundations of language development: a multidisciplinary approach:Although buccalization of nasal vowels is the phenomenon most often observed, nasalization of oral vowels is not uncommon.
* (orthodontics) The procedure of moving teeth towards the buccal (cheek) side of the arch.
# пещерный кузнечик
## Russian
### Etymology

пеще́рный (peščérnyj, “cave”, relational adjective) +‎ кузне́чик (kuznéčik, “bush-cricket”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɪˈɕːernɨj kʊzʲˈnʲet͡ɕɪk]

### Noun

пеще́рный кузне́чик • (peščérnyj kuznéčik) m anim (genitive пеще́рного кузне́чика, nominative plural пеще́рные кузне́чики, genitive plural пеще́рных кузне́чиков)
* cave cricket (Rhaphidophoridae)
    Synonyms: пеще́рник (peščérnik), рафидофори́д (rafidoforíd)

#### Declension
### See also

* Пещерные кузнечики on the Russian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ru}$
# саранча
## Russian
### Etymology

Perhaps from Romani charánchi (“grasshopper”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sərɐnʲˈt͡ɕa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

саранча́ • (sarančá) f anim (genitive саранчи́, nominative plural саранчи́, genitive plural саранче́й)
* (zoology) locust, grasshopper
    Synonym: саранчу́к (sarančúk)

#### Usage notes

Usually used in the singular as a collective noun.
* Де́ти набро́сились на стол как саранча́ — The children attacked the table like locusts.
# Хрущёв
## Russian
### Etymology

From хрущ (xrušč, “May beetle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xrʊˈɕːɵf]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Хрущёв • (Xruščóv) m anim (genitive Хрущёва, nominative plural Хрущёвы, genitive plural Хрущёвых, feminine Хрущёва, relational adjective хрущёвский)
* a surname, particular Nikita Khrushchev (April 17, 1894, to September 11, 1971) (First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union following the death of Joseph Stalin, presiding from 1953 to 1964)
    Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв ― Nikíta Sergéjevič Xruščóv ― Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev

#### Declension

$^1$ Rare.

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: Խրուշչով (Xruščʻov)
* Chinese:
** → Mandarin: 赫魯曉夫 / 赫鲁晓夫 (hèlǔxiǎofū) (transliteration)
# dichtgespijkerd
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Participle

dichtgespijkerd
* past participle of dichtspijkeren
# armëpunues
## Albanian
### Etymology

From armë.

### Noun

armëpunúes m
* gunsmith (a person skilled in the repair and servicing of firearms)
    Synonym: armëtar

#### Declension
### Further reading

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* “armëpunues”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Newmark, L. (1999) “armëpunues”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# josti
## Dutch
### Etymology

Clipping of Jostiband Orkest (“Jostiband Orchestra”), wherein Josti is a blend of Johannes +‎ Stichting (“Foundation”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* IPA: /ˈjɔs.ti/
* Hyphenation: jos‧ti
* Rhymes: -ɔsti

### Noun

josti c (plural josti's, diminutive jostietje n)
* (slang, derogatory, offensive) a person with Down's syndrome, a person with mental retardation

#### Quotations

* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!
# josti
## Dutch

* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

### Etymology

Clipping of Jostiband Orkest (“Jostiband Orchestra”), wherein Josti is a blend of Johannes +‎ Stichting (“Foundation”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* IPA: /ˈjɔs.ti/
* Hyphenation: jos‧ti
* Rhymes: -ɔsti

### Noun

josti c (plural josti's, diminutive jostietje n)
* (slang, derogatory, offensive) a person with Down's syndrome, a person with mental retardation
# faraón
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Late Latin Pharaō, Pharaōnem, from Ancient Greek φαραώ (pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“great house”),

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faɾaˈon/ [fa.ɾaˈõŋ]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: fa‧ra‧ón

### Noun

faraón m (plural faraones)
* pharaoh (supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfaraoːn]

### Noun

faraón m anim (female equivalent faraónka)
* Alternative form of faraon

#### Derived terms

* faraónův

### Further reading

* “faraón”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “faraón”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* faraó (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin Pharaō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faɾaˈon/

### Noun

faraón m (plural faraóns)
* pharaoh

#### Derived terms

* faraónico

### Further reading

* “faraón”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Slovak
### Etymology

Derived from Late Latin Pharaō, Pharaōnis, from Ancient Greek φαραώ (pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“great house”),

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfaraoːn]

### Noun

faraón m pers (female equivalent faraónka, relational adjective faraónsky)
* pharaoh

#### Derived terms

* faraónstvo

### Further reading

* “faraón”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Old Spanish pharaon, from Late Latin Pharaōnem, from Ancient Greek φαραώ (pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“great house”),

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faɾaˈon/ [fa.ɾaˈõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: fa‧ra‧ón

### Noun

faraón m (plural faraones, feminine faraona, feminine plural faraonas)
* pharaoh

#### Derived terms

* faraónico
* hormiga faraón
* sepia faraón

### Further reading

* “faraón”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bergensar
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Bergen +‎ -s- +‎ -ar.

### Noun

bergensar m (definite singular bergensaren, indefinite plural bergensarar, definite plural bergensarane)
* a person from Bergen, a city in western Norway.

#### Related terms

* bergensk

### See also

* bergenser (Bokmål)

### References

* “bergensar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# мінскі
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ме́нскі (mjénski) — Taraškievica orthography, only when referring to Minsk

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmʲinskʲi]
* Rhymes: -inskʲi
* Hyphenation: мі‧нскі, мін‧скі, мінс‧кі

### Etymology 1

From Мі́нск (Mínsk) +‎ -скі (-ski).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (relational) Minsk (related to the capital of Belarus)
    Мі́нская вобласцьMínskaja vóblascʹMinsk Oblast

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Мін (Min) +‎ -скі (-ski).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (historical) Ming (related to Chinese Ming dynasty)
    мі́нскі Кіта́йmínski KitájMing China
** 2024 December 22, У Пекіне адкрыліся для наведвальнікаў два магільныя скляпы імператараў‎, Zviazda, archived from the original on 31 December 2024:Два магільныя скляпы належаць адпаведна імператару Цзяцзіну (праўленне 1522-1566 гг.) і апошняму імператару мінскай дынастыі Чунчжэню (праўленне 1628-1644 гг.).Dva mahilʹnyja skljapy nalježacʹ adpavjedna impjerataru Czjaczinu (praŭljennje 1522-1566 hh.) i apóšnjamu impjerataru minskaj dynastyi Čunčženju (praŭljennje 1628-1644 hh.).Two burial chambers belong to the Jianjing emperor (reigned in 1522-1566) and to the last emperor of the Ming dynasty Chungzhen (reigned 1628-1644) respectively.
** 2010 April 4, Герадоцінкі, або Сны аб снах‎, Мы — нацыя:У свой час у Кітаі была магутная Мінская дынастыя і Мінская імперыя.U svoj čas u Kitai byla mahutnaja Minskaja dynastyja i Minskaja impjeryja.Back in the day there was a powerful Ming dynasty and Ming empire in China.
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##### Declension
### References

* “мінскі” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "мінскі" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# anestesiolog
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch anesthesioloog.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /anɛstesiˈoloɡ/ [a.nɛs.t̪e.siˈo.lok̚]
* Rhymes: -oloɡ
* Syllabification: a‧nes‧te‧si‧o‧log

### Noun

anestesiolog (plural anestesiolog-anestesiolog)
* (medicine) anaesthetist, anesthetist, anaesthesiologist.

#### Related terms

* anestesi
* anestesia
* anestesian
* anestesiologi
* anestetik
* anestetis

### Further reading

* “anestesiolog” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Swedish
### Noun

anestesiolog c
* an anesthesiologist
    Synonym: narkosläkare

#### Related terms

* anestesiologi (“anesthesiology”)

### References

* anestesiolog in Svensk ordbok (SO)
# мінскі
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ме́нскі (mjénski) — Taraškievica orthography, only when referring to Minsk

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmʲinskʲi]
* Rhymes: -inskʲi
* Hyphenation: мі‧нскі, мін‧скі, мінс‧кі

### Etymology 1

From Мі́нск (Mínsk) +‎ -скі (-ski).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (relational) Minsk (related to the capital of Belarus)
    Мі́нская вобласцьMínskaja vóblascʹMinsk Oblast

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Мін (Min) +‎ -скі (-ski).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (historical) Ming (related to Chinese Ming dynasty)
    мі́нскі Кіта́йmínski KitájMing China
** 2024 December 22, У Пекіне адкрыліся для наведвальнікаў два магільныя скляпы імператараў‎, Zviazda, archived from the original on 31 December 2024:Два магільныя скляпы належаць адпаведна імператару Цзяцзіну (праўленне 1522-1566 гг.) і апошняму імператару мінскай дынастыі Чунчжэню (праўленне 1628-1644 гг.).Dva mahilʹnyja skljapy nalježacʹ adpavjedna impjerataru Czjaczinu (praŭljennje 1522-1566 hh.) i apóšnjamu impjerataru minskaj dynastyi Čunčženju (praŭljennje 1628-1644 hh.).Two burial chambers belong to the Jianjing emperor (reigned in 1522-1566) and to the last emperor of the Ming dynasty Chungzhen (reigned 1628-1644) respectively.
** 2010 April 4, Герадоцінкі, або Сны аб снах‎, Мы — нацыя:У свой час у Кітаі была магутная Мінская дынастыя і Мінская імперыя.U svoj čas u Kitai byla mahutnaja Minskaja dynastyja i Minskaja impjeryja.Back in the day there was a powerful Ming dynasty and Ming empire in China.
** 2009, Я. А. Красулін, Гісторыя сярэдніх вякоў краін Азіі, Афрыкі і Амерыкі. Тыповая вучэбная праграма для вышэйшых навучальных устаноў па спецыяльнасці 1-21 03 01 Гісторыя (па накірунках).‎, Міністэрства адукацыі Рэспублікі Беларусь, page 9:Асаблівасці метадаў кіравання імператараў мінскай дынастыі.Asablivasci mjetadaŭ kiravannja impjerataraŭ minskaj dynastyi.Distinct features of government methods of the Ming dynasty emperors.

##### Declension
### References

* “мінскі” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "мінскі" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# мінскі
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ме́нскі (mjénski) — Taraškievica orthography, only when referring to Minsk

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmʲinskʲi]
* Rhymes: -inskʲi
* Hyphenation: мі‧нскі, мін‧скі, мінс‧кі

### Etymology 1

From Мі́нск (Mínsk) +‎ -скі (-ski). Compare Russian минский (minskij), Ukrainian мінський (minsʹkyj).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (relational) Minsk (related to the capital of Belarus)
    Мі́нская вобласцьMínskaja vóblascʹMinsk Oblast

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Мін (Min) +‎ -скі (-ski). Compare Russian минский (minskij), Ukrainian мінський (minsʹkyj).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (historical) Ming (related to Chinese Ming dynasty)
    мі́нскі Кіта́йmínski KitájMing China
** 2024 December 22, У Пекіне адкрыліся для наведвальнікаў два магільныя скляпы імператараў‎, Zviazda, archived from the original on 31 December 2024:Два магільныя скляпы належаць адпаведна імператару Цзяцзіну (праўленне 1522-1566 гг.) і апошняму імператару мінскай дынастыі Чунчжэню (праўленне 1628-1644 гг.).Dva mahilʹnyja skljapy nalježacʹ adpavjedna impjerataru Czjaczinu (praŭljennje 1522-1566 hh.) i apóšnjamu impjerataru minskaj dynastyi Čunčženju (praŭljennje 1628-1644 hh.).Two burial chambers belong to the Jianjing emperor (reigned in 1522-1566) and to the last emperor of the Ming dynasty Chungzhen (reigned 1628-1644) respectively.
** 2010 April 4, Герадоцінкі, або Сны аб снах‎, Мы — нацыя:У свой час у Кітаі была магутная Мінская дынастыя і Мінская імперыя.U svoj čas u Kitai byla mahutnaja Minskaja dynastyja i Minskaja impjeryja.Back in the day there was a powerful Ming dynasty and Ming empire in China.
** 2009, Я. А. Красулін, Гісторыя сярэдніх вякоў краін Азіі, Афрыкі і Амерыкі. Тыповая вучэбная праграма для вышэйшых навучальных устаноў па спецыяльнасці 1-21 03 01 Гісторыя (па накірунках).‎, Міністэрства адукацыі Рэспублікі Беларусь, page 9:Асаблівасці метадаў кіравання імператараў мінскай дынастыі.Asablivasci mjetadaŭ kiravannja impjerataraŭ minskaj dynastyi.Distinct features of government methods of the Ming dynasty emperors.

##### Declension
### References

* “мінскі” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "мінскі" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# мінскі
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ме́нскі (mjénski) — Taraškievica orthography, only when referring to Minsk

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmʲinskʲi]
* Rhymes: -inskʲi
* Hyphenation: мі‧нскі, мін‧скі, мінс‧кі

### Etymology 1

From Мі́нск (Mínsk) +‎ -скі (-ski). Compare Russian минский (minskij), Ukrainian мінський (minsʹkyj).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (relational) Minsk (related to the capital of Belarus)
    Мі́нская вобласцьMínskaja vóblascʹMinsk Oblast

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Мін (Min) +‎ -скі (-ski). Compare Russian минский (minskij), Ukrainian мінський (minsʹkyj).

#### Adjective

мі́нскі • (mínski) (no comparative)
* (relational, historical) Ming (related to Chinese Ming dynasty)
    мі́нскі Кіта́йmínski KitájMing China
** 2024 December 22, У Пекіне адкрыліся для наведвальнікаў два магільныя скляпы імператараў‎, Zviazda, archived from the original on 31 December 2024:Два магільныя скляпы належаць адпаведна імператару Цзяцзіну (праўленне 1522-1566 гг.) і апошняму імператару мінскай дынастыі Чунчжэню (праўленне 1628-1644 гг.).Dva mahilʹnyja skljapy nalježacʹ adpavjedna impjerataru Czjaczinu (praŭljennje 1522-1566 hh.) i apóšnjamu impjerataru minskaj dynastyi Čunčženju (praŭljennje 1628-1644 hh.).Two burial chambers belong to the Jianjing emperor (reigned in 1522-1566) and to the last emperor of the Ming dynasty Chungzhen (reigned 1628-1644) respectively.
** 2010 April 4, Герадоцінкі, або Сны аб снах‎, Мы — нацыя:У свой час у Кітаі была магутная Мінская дынастыя і Мінская імперыя.U svoj čas u Kitai byla mahutnaja Minskaja dynastyja i Minskaja impjeryja.Back in the day there was a powerful Ming dynasty and Ming empire in China.
** 2009, Я. А. Красулін, Гісторыя сярэдніх вякоў краін Азіі, Афрыкі і Амерыкі. Тыповая вучэбная праграма для вышэйшых навучальных устаноў па спецыяльнасці 1-21 03 01 Гісторыя (па накірунках).‎, Міністэрства адукацыі Рэспублікі Беларусь, page 9:Асаблівасці метадаў кіравання імператараў мінскай дынастыі.Asablivasci mjetadaŭ kiravannja impjerataraŭ minskaj dynastyi.Distinct features of government methods of the Ming dynasty emperors.

##### Declension
### References

* “мінскі” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "мінскі" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# angina refrakter
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of angina +‎ refrakter.

### Noun

angina refrakter
* (medicine, pathology) refractory angina: a chronic condition characterized by persistent angina symptoms despite optimal medical therapy and/or revascularization procedures, significantly impacting a patient's quality of life.

### Further reading

* “angina refrakter” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Tolka
## English
### Proper noun

Tolka
* A river in County Meath and County Dublin, Ireland, that flows into Dublin Bay.
# Хрущёв
## Russian
### Etymology

From хрущ (xrušč, “May beetle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xrʊˈɕːɵf]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Хрущёв • (Xruščóv) m anim (genitive Хрущёва, nominative plural Хрущёвы, genitive plural Хрущёвых, feminine Хрущёва, relational adjective хрущёвский)
* a surname, particular Nikita Khrushchev (April 17, 1894, to September 11, 1971) (First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union following the death of Joseph Stalin, presiding from 1953 to 1964)
    Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв ― Nikíta Sergéjevič Xruščóv ― Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev

#### Declension

$^1$ Rare.

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: Խրուշչով (Xruščʻov)
* Chinese:
** → Mandarin: 赫魯曉夫 / 赫鲁晓夫 (Hèlǔxiǎofū) (transliteration)
# استعفا
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِعْفَاء.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔis.tiʔ.ˈfɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.fɑ́ː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.fɑ́ː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰeː.fɑ́ː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰeː.fɔ́ː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔes.t̪ʰeʔ.fɒ́ː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰeʔ.fɔ́]

### Noun

استعفا • (este'fâ)
* resignation
* (dated) asking forgiveness (e.g. from God)

#### Derived terms

* استعفا دادن (este'fâ dâdan, “to resign”)
* استعفا کردن (este'fâ kardan, “to resign”)

### Further reading

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “استعفا”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “استعفا”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتَعْفَا (istaʕfā).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɪs.t̪iː.fɑː/
* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Noun

اِسْتِعْفا • (isti'fā) m (Hindi spelling इस्तीफ़ा)
* resignation

#### Derived terms

* استعفا دینا (istīfā denā)

### References

* “استعفا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “استعفا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.