# rata
## English
### Etymology 1

From Maori rātā or cognate Tahitian rātā (tree of genus Metrosideros). Compare Tahitian puarātā (Metrosideros collina).

#### Noun

rata (usually uncountable, plural ratas)
* (usually countable) Any of various New Zealand plants of the genus Metrosideros
* (usually uncountable) The hard dark red wood of such trees.

#### References

* “rata, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2008.

### Etymology 2

Compare Sinhalese රට ගොරකා (raṭa gorakā, “Garcinia xanthochymus”), Marathi रातंबी (rātambī, “Garcinia indica”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

rata (plural ratas)
* The yellow mangosteen, Garcinia dulcis, a tree native to Indonesia, the Philippines, and India.
    Synonyms: mundu, maphuut, Claudie mangosteen, gourka, eggtree

#### References

* Garcinia dulcis at Germplasm Resources Information Network

### Further reading

* Metrosideros on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Mangosteen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Metrosideros on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Garcinia on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

### Anagrams

* ta-ra, taar, Tārā, Arta, ATRA, Tara, tara, A.A.R.T., Atar, atar

## 'Are'are
### Noun

rata
* name

### References

* Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

## Balinese
### Romanization

rata
* Romanization of ᬭᬢ
* Romanization of ᬭᬣ

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

Semi-learned borrowing from Medieval Latin rattus (“rat”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈra.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈra.ta]
* Audio (Valencia):(file)

#### Noun

rata f (plural rates)
* rat
    Synonym: rat
* Atlantic stargazer (Uranoscopus scaber)
    Synonym: saltabardissa

##### Derived terms

* rata cellarda
* rata d'aigua
* rata de biblioteca
* rata dormidora
* rata mesquera
* rata penada
* rata talp
* ratar
* ratat
* rater
* ratera

##### Related terms

* ratador
* ratadura

#### Further reading

* “rata” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “rata”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “rata” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “rata” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

rata
* inflection of ratar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rata (compare Estonian rada, Ingrian rata (“The Milky Way”), Karelian rata (“The Milky Way”), Livonian radā), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *tradō (compare Dutch tra (“trail, (forest) path”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑtɑ/, [ˈrɑ̝t̪ɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑtɑ
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta

### Noun

rata
* (literary) route, path, road
    Synonyms: tie, polku, reitti
* (rail transport) railroad track, track
    Synonym: rautatie
* (sports) track, lane, course, ground, range, sheet
    luistelurata ― skating track
    uimarata ― swim lane
    ravirata ― harness racing course
    jousiammuntarata ― archery ground
    ampumarata ― shooting range
    curling-rata ― curling sheet
* (mechanics) trajectory, course (path of a body as it travels through space)
    Synonym: lentorata
* (mechanics) orbit (path of one object around another)
    Synonym: kiertorata
* (figuratively) course (sequence of events)
    Kaikki menee normaalia rataansa. ― Everything follows the normal course of events.
* (slang) nightlife
    Synonym: baana

#### Declension

Possessive forms of rata (Kotus type 9*F/kala, t-d gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ratani
ratani
accusative
nom.
ratani
ratani
gen.
ratani
genitive
ratani
ratojeni rataini $^{rare}$
partitive
rataani
ratojani
inessive
radassani
radoissani
elative
radastani
radoistani
illative
rataani
ratoihini
adessive
radallani
radoillani
ablative
radaltani
radoiltani
allative
radalleni
radoilleni
essive
ratanani
ratoinani
translative
radakseni
radoikseni
abessive
radattani
radoittani
instructive
comitative
—ratoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ratasi
ratasi
accusative
nom.
ratasi
ratasi
gen.
ratasi
genitive
ratasi
ratojesi rataisi $^{rare}$
partitive
rataasi
ratojasi
inessive
radassasi
radoissasi
elative
radastasi
radoistasi
illative
rataasi
ratoihisi
adessive
radallasi
radoillasi
ablative
radaltasi
radoiltasi
allative
radallesi
radoillesi
essive
ratanasi
ratoinasi
translative
radaksesi
radoiksesi
abessive
radattasi
radoittasi
instructive
comitative
—ratoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ratamme
ratamme
accusative
nom.
ratamme
ratamme
gen.
ratamme
genitive
ratamme
ratojemme rataimme $^{rare}$
partitive
rataamme
ratojamme
inessive
radassamme
radoissamme
elative
radastamme
radoistamme
illative
rataamme
ratoihimme
adessive
radallamme
radoillamme
ablative
radaltamme
radoiltamme
allative
radallemme
radoillemme
essive
ratanamme
ratoinamme
translative
radaksemme
radoiksemme
abessive
radattamme
radoittamme
instructive
comitative
—ratoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ratanne
ratanne
accusative
nom.
ratanne
ratanne
gen.
ratanne
genitive
ratanne
ratojenne ratainne $^{rare}$
partitive
rataanne
ratojanne
inessive
radassanne
radoissanne
elative
radastanne
radoistanne
illative
rataanne
ratoihinne
adessive
radallanne
radoillanne
ablative
radaltanne
radoiltanne
allative
radallenne
radoillenne
essive
ratananne
ratoinanne
translative
radaksenne
radoiksenne
abessive
radattanne
radoittanne
instructive
comitative
—ratoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ratansa
ratansa
accusative
nom.
ratansa
ratansa
gen.
ratansa
genitive
ratansa
ratojensa ratainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
rataansa
ratojaan ratojansa
inessive
radassaan radassansa
radoissaan radoissansa
elative
radastaan radastansa
radoistaan radoistansa
illative
rataansa
ratoihinsa
adessive
radallaan radallansa
radoillaan radoillansa
ablative
radaltaan radaltansa
radoiltaan radoiltansa
allative
radalleen radallensa
radoilleen radoillensa
essive
ratanaan ratanansa
ratoinaan ratoinansa
translative
radakseen radaksensa
radoikseen radoiksensa
abessive
radattaan radattansa
radoittaan radoittansa
instructive
comitative
—ratoineen ratoinensa :

#### Derived terms

* raadollinen
* ratamo
* ratautua
* ajoharjoittelurata
* ajorata
* ampumarata
* autorata
* eläinrata
* esterata
* formularata
* golfrata
* hammasrata
* hermorata
* hiilimurskarata
* ilmarata
* iturata
* johtorata
* jousiammuntarata
* junanrata
* junarata
* juoksurata
* jäärata
* katurata
* kaupunkirata
* keilailurata
* keilarata
* kelkkailurata
* kelkkarata
* kenttärata
* kiertorata
* kiitorata
* kilparata
* kiskoköysirata
* kohorata
* kortikospinaalirata
* kuntorata
* kuularata
* kuurata
* köysirata
* lentorata
* liikerata
* Linnunrata
* linnunrata
* liukurata
* luistelurata
* luistinrata
* luonnonjäärata
* maarata
* metrorata
* moottorirata
* museorata
* nostinrata
* oikorata
* ovaalirata
* poikkirata
* polaarirata
* pujottelurata
* pururata
* pyramidirata
* pyöräilyrata
* päärata
* radanpito
* radanrakennus
* radanvarsi
* rantarata
* rata-ajo
* rata-arvo
* rata-auto
* rata-autoilija
* rata-autoilu
* rata-autourheilu
* rataelementti
* rataellipsi
* rataennätys
* ratagolf
* rataharjoittelu
* rataharjoitus
* rataimpulssimomentti
* ratajakso
* ratajuoksu
* ratajärjestys
* ratakelaaja
* ratakelaus
* ratakierros
* ratakisko
* ratakävely
* ratalaji
* rataliikenne
* ratamestari
* ratamoottoripyörä
* ratamoottoripyöräily
* ratamoottoriveneily
* ratanaula
* rataosa
* ratapiha
* ratapyörä
* ratapyöräily
* ratapölkky
* rataresonanssi
* ratarikko
* ratatuomari
* ratatyö
* rataveneily
* rataverkko
* ratavirkailija
* ratayhteys
* ratsastusrata
* ravirata
* riippurata
* rullarata
* satelliittirata
* siirtorata
* sisärata
* skeittirata
* spin-ratakytkentä
* suurnopeusrata
* synkronirata
* syöksylaskurata
* sähkörata
* tekojäärata
* teollisuusrata
* tiilimurskarata
* työstörata
* uimarata
* ulkorata
* vauhdinottorata
* vauhtirata
* vuoristorata
* ympyrärata

#### See also

* ratas

### Further reading

* “rata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* -rtaa, arat, atra

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

rata
* third-person singular past historic of rater

### Anagrams

* tara

## Galician
### Etymology

From rato (“mouse”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈratɐ]

### Noun

rata f (plural ratas)
* rat

#### Related terms

* rato

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “rata”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “rata”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “rata”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Guaraní
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

rata
* fire

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse rata, from Proto-Germanic *wratōną. The word is absent in the related modern languages, but cognate with Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌽 (wratōn, “to travel, to journey”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈraːta/
* Rhymes: -aːta

### Verb

rata (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative rataði, supine ratað)
* to find one’s way
* to know the way
** a. 13th century, Hávamál (English source, Icelandic sourve)
    Vits er þörf þeim er víða ratar. Dælt er heima hvað. Að augabragði verður sá er ekki kann og með snotrum situr.Wits must he have who wanders wide, But all is easy at home; At the witless man the wise shall wink When among such men he sits.

#### Conjugation
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrata]
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta
* Rhymes: -ta

### Etymology 1

From Malay rata, from Javanese ꦫꦠ (rata), ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dataʀ. Doublet of datar and latar.

#### Adjective

rata
* even
** flat and level
** parallel: on a level; reaching the same limit
    Synonym: papar
* even, evenly, equally: in a fair manner of distribution, giving the same amount or number to each
* flat
    Gempa bumi telah menyebabkan bangunan-bangunan itu menjadi rata dengan tanah. ― An earthquake had been flattened the buildings.
    Synonyms: datar, pelat
* smooth
    Permukaannya tidak rata. ― The surface is not smooth.
    Synonyms: halus, mulus

##### Derived terms

* memeratakan
* memperatakan
* menyeratakan
* merata
* merata-ratakan
* meratai
* meratakan
* pemerataan
* perata
* perataan
* purata
* rata-rata
* rerata
* serata
* rata kanan
* rata kanan kiri
* rata tengah

### Etymology 2

From Malay rata, from Sanskrit रथ (rátha, “chariot”).

#### Noun

rata (plural rata-rata)
* (obsolete) carriage
    Synonym: kereta

##### Derived terms

* rata terbang

### Further reading

* “rata” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rata. Cognates include Finnish rata and Estonian rada.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈrɑtɑ/, [ˈrɑtɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈrɑtɑ/, [ˈrɑd̥ɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑtɑ
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta

### Noun

rata
* course, trajectory

#### Derived terms

* Tähtirata

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 460

## Italian
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin rata, from the Latin phrase pro rata parte (“according to the proportional share”), from ratus (“reckoned”), past participle of the verb reor (“to think over, deem, reckon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈra.ta/
* Rhymes: -ata
* Hyphenation: rà‧ta

### Noun

rata f (plural rate)
* instalment/installment

### Anagrams

* atra, tara

## Javanese
### Romanization

rata
* Romanization of ꦫꦠ

## Ladin
### Noun

rata f (plural rates)
* dose
* instalment

### Verb

rata
* third-person singular present indicative of rater
* third-person plural present indicative of rater
* second-person singular imperative of rater

## Lamalera
### Noun

rata
* hair

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈra.ta/, [ˈrät̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈra.ta/, [ˈräːt̪ä]

### Adjective

rata
* inflection of ratus:
** nominative/vocative/ablative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

## Latvian
### Noun

rata m
* genitive singular of rats

## Lindu
### Noun

rata
* guest
* foreigner

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -a
* Rhymes: -ta

### Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dataʀ. Doublet of datar.

#### Adjective

rata (Jawi spelling رات)
* level, even, flat

##### Derived terms

* merata
* meratai
* rata-rata
* ratakan

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: rata

### Etymology 2

From Sanskrit रथ (ratha).

#### Noun

rata (Jawi spelling رات, plural rata-rata, informal 1st possessive rataku, 2nd possessive ratamu, 3rd possessive ratanya)
* chariot

### Further reading

* “rata” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maori
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *lasa (Compare Fijian lasa).

### Adjective

rata
* tame
* quiet

## Northern Sotho
### Etymology

Cognate with Zulu -thanda, Tsonga -rhandza.

### Verb

rata
* to love

## Occitan
### Etymology

Feminine of rat (“rat”)

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Noun

rata f (plural ratas)
* (Rattus rattus) female black rat

#### Derived terms

* rata d'aiga

#### Related terms

* rat

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hrātu.

### Noun

rāta f
* honeycomb

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: râte
** Dutch: raat

### References

* “rāta”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.ta/
* Rhymes: -ta
* Homophones: ratā, ratha
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

rata
* Alternative spelling of surata

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

rata
* Alternative spelling of ratā

#### Adjective

rata
* Alternative spelling of ratā

### Further reading

* "rata" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Rate, from Medieval Latin rata, from Latin ratus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈra.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ata
* Syllabification: ra‧ta
* Homophone: Rata

### Noun

rata f (diminutive ratka)
* (banking, finance) installment (portion of debt)
    Hypernym: należność

#### Derived terms

* ratalny
* na raty
* rata balonowa

### Further reading

* rata in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rata in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁa.tɐ/ [ˈha.tɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁa.tɐ/ [ˈha.tɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁa.tɐ/ [ˈχa.tɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁa.ta/ [ˈha.ta]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʁa.tɐ/
* Rhymes: -atɐ
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta

#### Noun

rata f (plural ratas)
* female equivalent of rato
* (chiefly Portugal, informal) vagina (woman's genitalia)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:vagina/translations

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

rata
* inflection of ratar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French rater.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

a rata (third-person singular present ratează, past participle ratat) 1st conjugation
* to miss, to fail

#### Conjugation
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian rata (“installment”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rǎːta/
* Hyphenation: ra‧ta

#### Noun

ráta f (Cyrillic spelling ра́та)
* installment

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

rata (Cyrillic spelling рата)
* genitive singular of rat

## Sotho
### Etymology

Cognate with Zulu -thanda, Tsonga -rhandza.

### Verb

rata
* to love

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrata/ [ˈra.t̪a]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ata
* Syllabification: ra‧ta

### Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin rattus (“rat”), of Germanic origin. It is not known how the noun made the jump to a feminine noun.

#### Noun

rata f (plural ratas, masculine rato, masculine plural ratos)
* rat (a medium-sized rodent belonging to the genus Rattus)

#### Adjective

rata (invariable)
* (colloquial, derogatory) stingy, miserly, tight-fisted
    Synonyms: tacaño, pesetero, hijo de puta
* (colloquial, derogatory) rat, jerk (a despicable person, especially who has been deceitful or disloyal)
* (colloquial, derogatory) rat, snitch, informant
    Synonyms: chivato, soplón, delator, sapo

##### Hyponyms

* rata topo desnuda (“naked mole rat”)

##### Derived terms

* cola de rata
* hacerse la rata
* matarratas
* niño rata
* piel de rata
* rata almizclera
* rata canguro
* rata de agua
* rata de cloaca
* rata de mar
* rata lampiña
* rata noruega
* rata topo
* rey de las ratas

##### Related terms

* ratear
* ratero
* raticida
* ratón
* ratonearse

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

rata f (plural ratas)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Derived terms

* rata por cantidad

### Further reading

* “rata”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse hrata, from Proto-Germanic *hratt- (“to rush”); see *hradaz (“hasty, quick”). Cognate with Icelandic hrata (“to lose balance”) and Old English hratian (“to hurry”).

### Verb

rata (present ratar, preterite ratade, supine ratat, imperative rata)
* to reject
    Synonyms: avslå, försmå, kassera, skrota, underkänna, vraka
    Antonyms: anta, godta, ta, välja

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

### References

* rata in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* rata in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* rata in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tahitian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English letter.

### Noun

rata
* letter

## Ternate
### Etymology

Possibly from Malay rata (“level, flat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾa.ta/

### Verb

rata
* (stative) to be smooth

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Tswana
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈra.ta/

### Verb

go rata (past ratile)
* to love
* to like

## Veps
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian страдать (stradatʹ). Compare Finnish raataa, Karelian ruadua and Ludian ruata.

### Verb

rata
* to work
* to toil
* to act (perform an action)

#### Inflection
### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “возделывать, действовать, обработать, работать, трудиться”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

## West Makian
### Etymology

From Malay rata (“level, flat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈr̪a.t̪a/

### Verb

rata
* (stative) to be flat, level
    afi da rata ― level ground

#### Conjugation
### References

* James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎, Pacific linguistics