# 弱

| 弱 | U+5F31, &#24369; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F31 |
| ← 弰 [U+5F30] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 弲 → [U+5F32] |

## Translingual
### Han character

弱 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 弓一弓戈一 (NMNIM), four-corner 1712$_7$, composition ⿰⿹弓冫⿹弓冫(GHTJ) or ⿰⿹弓𰀪⿹弓𰀪(KV))

#### Derived characters

* 嫋 嵶 愵 搦 溺 鰯 𪝟 𠺁 𡎳 𡲳 𢞔 䐞 榒 篛 糑 蒻 𦩸

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 358, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9791
* Dae Jaweon: page 675, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 996, character 16
* Unihan data for U+5F31

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 弱 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 嫋 | *neːwʔ |
| 弱 | *njewɢ |
| 溺 | *njewɢ, *neːwɢ |
| 蒻 | *njewɢ |
| 搦 | *rneːwɢ, *rnaːwɢ |
| 愵 | *neːwɢ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 弓 (“bow”) + 彡 (“hair, meaning "decoration" in this case”) - a decorative bow that is functionally inferior. Or it might be indicating that the bow is shaking, which implies a worn-out bow.
An alternate etymology is 𢎥 + 𢎥, 𢎥 being a variant of 卷.

### Etymology

Probably cognate with 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”), see there for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): ruò (ruo$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄛˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ro$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): vó
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): yo̊q
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): joek$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngiak$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngio̍k
    (Hailu, HRS): ngiog$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiog$^6$
* Northern Min (KCR): ngiŏ̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): iŏk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zyoh$^7$ / zyeh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): jio̍h / lio̍h / jio̍k / lio̍k / jia̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): riag$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$zaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ruò
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ruò
*** Wade–Giles: jo$^4$
*** Yale: rwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruoh
*** Palladius: жо (žo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ro$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: rho
*** Sinological IPA : /zo²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: vó
*** Sinological IPA : /vo²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: yo̊q
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): yoq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ioʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joek$^6$
*** Yale: yeuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joek$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêg$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngiak$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡiak̚³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngio̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiog
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯ok̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiog$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiok²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngiog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiɔk̚⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngiŏ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋiɔ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏk
*** Sinological IPA : /yoʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zyoh$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cio̤̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syɒʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zyeh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syøʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: jio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jioih
*** IPA (Xiamen): /d͡zioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɤʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: lio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lioih
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lioʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lioʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: jio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jiok
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /d͡ziɔk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: lio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liok
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /liɔk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: jia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jiak
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziak̚¹²¹/
* jio̍h/lio̍h - vernacular;
* jio̍k/lio̍k/jia̍k - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit弱 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐuo⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iau⁵³/ /ʐuo⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʐɑu⁵³/ /ʐɤ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /luə²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /yə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʐuo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /vo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /u⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʐuə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /və³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʐuɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /io²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /zo³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /zo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʐo³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ioʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʐuɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zaʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʐʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ʐuaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zaʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zɑʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zɑʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ja²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /niɔ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ȵio¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ȵio²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ȵio²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɔʔ⁵/ /lɔʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiok̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ŋiok̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jœk̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jœk̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jœk̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔk̚⁵/ /lioʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /yoʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋiɔ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ziak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /niɔk̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: nyak
Rime :
| Character | 弱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 而灼切 |
| Baxter | nyak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑiɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ruò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joek$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*newk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njewɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 弱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | ruò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyak › |
| Old Chinese | /*newk/ |
| English | weak |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 弱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10947 |
| Phonetic component | 弱 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 若 |
| Old Chinese | /*njewɢ/ |

### Definitions

弱
* weak; feeble
    軟弱／软弱 ― ruǎnruò ― weak, feeble
* fragile; delicate

#### Synonyms

* (weak):
* 冉弱 (rǎnruò) (literary)
* 單薄 / 单薄 (dānbó)
* 孤單 / 孤单 (gūdān)
* 孱弱 (chánruò) (literary)
* 微弱 (wēiruò)
* 柔弱 (róuruò)
* 瘦弱 (shòuruò)
* 瘦瘠 (shòují)
* 羸弱 (léiruò)
* 脆弱 (cuìruò)
* 荏弱 (Hokkien)
* 薄弱 (bóruò)
* 虛弱 / 虚弱 (xūruò)
* 虛荏 / 虚荏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 虛虧 / 虚亏 (xūkuī)
* 虧弱 / 亏弱 (kuīruò)
* 衰弱 (shuāiruò)
* 軟弱 / 软弱 (ruǎnruò)
* 軟蔫蔫 / 软蔫蔫 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 軟䭕 / 软𬲕 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 雌 (cí) (literary)
* 體弱 / 体弱 (tǐruò)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “weak”): 強／强 (qiáng)

### Compounds

* 不弱
* 不弱似
* 不弱如
* 不甘示弱 (bùgānshìruò)
* 以弱制強 / 以弱制强
* 以強陵弱 / 以强陵弱
* 倚強凌弱
* 倚強欺弱 / 倚强欺弱 (yǐqiáng qī ruò)
* 兼弱攻昧
* 削弱 (xuēruò)
* 力分勢弱 / 力分势弱
* 力弱
* 危弱
* 又弱一個 / 又弱一个
* 單弱 / 单弱
* 好弱
* 嬌弱 / 娇弱 (jiāoruò)
* 孅弱
* 孤弱
* 孱弱 (chánruò)
* 幼弱 (yòuruò)
* 弱不勝衣 / 弱不胜衣
* 弱不好弄
* 弱不禁風 / 弱不禁风 (ruòbùjīnfēng)
* 弱兵
* 弱冠 (ruòguàn)
* 弱勢 / 弱势 (ruòshì)
* 弱化 (ruòhuà)
* 弱喪 / 弱丧
* 弱小 (ruòxiǎo)
* 弱怯怯
* 弱息
* 弱智 (ruòzhì)
* 弱柳扶風 / 弱柳扶风
* 弱植
* 弱水 (Ruòshuǐ)
* 弱水三千
* 弱水之隔
* 弱疾
* 弱視 / 弱视 (ruòshì)
* 弱笄
* 弱翰
* 弱者 (ruòzhě)
* 弱肉強食 / 弱肉强食 (ruòròuqiángshí)
* 弱質 / 弱质
* 弱酸 (ruòsuān)
* 弱項 / 弱项 (ruòxiàng)
* 弱鹼 / 弱碱 (ruòjiǎn)
* 弱點 / 弱点 (ruòdiǎn)
* 弱齡 / 弱龄
* 強幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 強弱 / 强弱 (qiángruò)
* 強弱懸殊 / 强弱悬殊
* 強本弱枝 / 强本弱枝
* 彊幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 彊本弱末 / 强本弱末
* 微弱 (wēiruò)
* 怯弱 (qièruò)
* 恃強凌弱 (shìqiánglíngruò)
* 恃強欺弱 / 恃强欺弱
* 懦弱 (nuòruò)
* 扶傾濟弱 / 扶倾济弱
* 扶弱抑強 / 扶弱抑强
* 抑強扶弱 / 抑强扶弱 (yìqiángfúruò)
* 按彊助弱 / 按强助弱
* 振弱除暴
* 攜老扶弱 / 携老扶弱
* 攣弱 / 挛弱
* 文弱 (wénruò)
* 文弱書生 / 文弱书生 (wénruòshūshēng)
* 柔弱 (róuruò)
* 柔心弱骨
* 沖弱 / 冲弱
* 減弱 / 减弱 (jiǎnruò)
* 漸弱 / 渐弱 (jiànruò)
* 濟弱扶傾 / 济弱扶倾
* 濟弱扶危 / 济弱扶危
* 濟弱鋤強 / 济弱锄强
* 畏強凌弱
* 疲弱
* 瘦弱 (shòuruò)
* 示弱 (shìruò)
* 神經衰弱 / 神经衰弱 (shénjīng shuāiruò)
* 積弱 / 积弱 (jīruò)
* 積弱不振 / 积弱不振
* 細弱 / 细弱 (xìruò)
* 繁弱
* 纖弱 / 纤弱 (xiānruò)
* 纖纖弱質 / 纤纤弱质
* 羸弱 (léiruò)
* 老弱 (lǎoruò)
* 老弱殘兵 / 老弱残兵
* 脆弱 (cuìruò)
* 苒弱
* 荏弱 (rěnruò)
* 蓬萊弱水 / 蓬莱弱水
* 薄弱 (bóruò)
* 虛弱 / 虚弱 (xūruò)
* 衰弱 (shuāiruò)
* 貧弱 / 贫弱 (pínruò)
* 軟弱 / 软弱 (ruǎnruò)
* 軟弱無力 / 软弱无力
* 輕塵弱草 / 轻尘弱草
* 違強陵弱 / 违强陵弱
* 鋤強扶弱 / 锄强扶弱 (chúqiángfúruò)
* 闇弱 / 暗弱 (ànruò)
* 面弱

### References

* “弱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 弱 |
| Kyūjitai | 弱󠄁 弱+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 弱󠄃 弱+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
* weak
    Antonym: 強
* weakness
* slightly less than

#### Readings

* Go-on: にゃく (nyaku)
* Kan-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)
* Kun: よわい (yowai, 弱い, Jōyō)、よわる (yowaru, 弱る, Jōyō)、よわまる (yowamaru, 弱まる, Jōyō)、よわめる (yowameru, 弱める, Jōyō)、わかい (wakai, 弱い)

#### Compounds

* 弱(じゃく)音(おん) (jakuon)
* 弱(じゃく)酸(さん) (jakusan)
* 弱(じゃく)志(し) (jakushi)
* 弱(じゃく)視(し) (jakushi)
* 弱(じゃく)質(しつ) (jakushitsu)
* 弱(じゃく)者(しゃ) (jakusha)
* 弱(じゃく)小(しょう) (jakushō)
* 弱(じゃく)震(しん) (jakushin)
* 弱(じゃく)卒(そつ) (jakusotsu)
* 弱(じゃく)体(たい) (jakutai)
* 弱(じゃく)敵(てき) (jakuteki)
* 弱(じゃく)点(てん) (jakuten)
* 弱(じゃく)電(でん) (jakuden)
* 弱(じゃく)肉(にく)強(きょう)食(しょく) (jakuniku kyōshoku)
* 弱(じゃく)年(ねん) (jakunen) (若(じゃく)年(ねん))
* 弱(じゃく)輩(はい) (jakuhai) (若(じゃく)輩(はい))
* 弱(じゃく)拍(はく) (jakuhaku)
* 弱(じゃく)兵(へい) (jakuhei)
* 弱(じゃく)齢(れい) (jakurei) (若(じゃく)齢(れい))
* 弱(じゃっ)化(か) (jakka)
* 弱(じゃっ)冠(かん) (jakkan)
* 弱(じゃっ)起(き) (jakki)
* 弱(じゃっ)肩(けん) (jakken)
* 弱(じゃっ)行(こう) (jakkō)
* 弱(じゃっ)国(こく) (jakkoku)
* 暗(あん)弱(じゃく), 闇(あん)弱(じゃく) (anjaku)
* 胃(い)弱(じゃく) (ijaku)
* 萎(い)弱(じゃく) (ijaku)
* 尩(おう)弱(じゃく), 尫(おう)弱(じゃく) (ōjaku)
* 怯(きょう)弱(じゃく) (kyōjaku)
* 強(きょう)弱(じゃく) (kyōjaku)
* 怯(きょ)弱(じゃく) (kyojaku)
* 虚(きょ)弱(じゃく) (kyojaku)
* 愚(ぐ)弱(じゃく) (gujaku)
* 減(げん)弱(じゃく) (genjaku)
* 耗(こう)弱(じゃく) (kōjaku)
* 孤(こ)弱(じゃく) (kojaku)
* 昏(こん)弱(じゃく) (konjaku)
* 削(さく)弱(じゃく) (sakujaku)
* 色(しき)弱(じゃく) (shikijaku)
* 柔(じゅう)弱(じゃく) (jūjaku)
* 小(しょう)弱(じゃく) (shōjaku)
* 情(じょう)弱(じゃく) (jōjaku)
* 荏(じん)弱(じゃく) (jinjaku)
* 衰(すい)弱(じゃく) (suijaku)
* 脆(ぜい)弱(じゃく) (zeijaku)
* 孱(せん)弱(じゃく) (senjaku)
* 繊(せん)弱(じゃく) (senjaku)
* 惰(だ)弱(じゃく), 懦(だ)弱(じゃく) (dajaku)
* 単(たん)弱(じゃく) (tanjaku)
* 稚(ち)弱(じゃく) (chijaku)
* 軟(なん)弱(じゃく) (nanjaku)
* 柔(にゅう)弱(じゃく) (nyūjaku)
* 薄(はく)弱(じゃく) (hakujaku)
* 微(び)弱(じゃく) (bijaku)
* 病(びょう)弱(じゃく) (byōjaku)
* 貧(ひん)弱(じゃく) (hinjaku)
* 文(ぶん)弱(じゃく) (bunjaku)
* 幼(よう)弱(じゃく) (yōjaku)
* 羸(るい)弱(じゃく) (ruijaku)
* 劣(れつ)弱(じゃく) (retsujaku)
* 老(ろう)弱(じゃく) (rōjaku)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 弱
* じゃく Grade: 2
* kan'on

### Pronunciation

(as a noun)
* (Tokyo) じゃく [jáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [d͡ʑa̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

弱(じゃく) • (jaku)
* weakness

### Suffix

弱(じゃく) • (-jaku)
* (lengths of time) slightly less than
    １(いち)時(じ)間(かん)弱(じゃく)
       ichi-jikan-jaku
       a little bit less than an hour
* (proscribed) slightly more than

#### Antonyms

* 強(きょう) (-kyō)

### References

* ↑ “弱”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “弱”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 809 (paper), page 454 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 512 (paper), page 269 (digital)
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ 塩田雄大 (2017 October 1) “「1時間弱」は、1時間よりも長い？短い？”, in NHK放送文化研究所‎

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 弱 (MC nyak).
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᅀᅣᆨ〮 (zyák) (Yale: zyák) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 약 (yak) (Yale: yak) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ja̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [약]

### Hanja

Wikisource 弱 (eumhun 약할 약 (yakhal yak))
* hanja form of 약 (“weak”)
    Antonym: 強 (강 (gang))

#### Compounds

* 강약 (強弱, gang'yak)
* 겁약 (怯弱, geobyak)
* 나약 (懦弱, nayak)
* 내약 (內弱, naeyak)
* 노약 (老弱, noyak)
* 면약 (綿弱, myeonyak)
* 미약 (微弱, miyak)
* 병약 (病弱, byeong'yak)
* 빈약 (貧弱, binyak)
* 쇠약 (衰弱, soeyak)
* 약골 (弱骨, yakgol)
* 약국 (弱國, yakguk)
* 약력 (弱力, yangnyeok)
* 약세 (弱勢, yakse)
* 약소 (弱小, yakso)
* 약시 (弱視, yaksi)
* 약자 (弱者, yakja)
* 약점 (弱點, yakjeom, “weak point”)
* 약질 (弱質, yakjil)
* 약체 (弱體, yakche)
* 약화 (弱化, yakhwa)
* 억강부약 (抑強扶弱, eokgangbuyak)
* 연약 (軟弱, yeonyak)
* 취약 (脆弱, chwiyak)
* 허약 (虛弱, heoyak)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

弱: Hán Nôm readings: nhược, ních
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.