# Heilongjiang
## English
### Alternative forms

* Heilungchiang, Hei-lung-chiang (Wade–Giles)
* Heilungkiang (Postal Romanization)

### Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 黑龍江 / 黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: hāʹlo͝ongʹjē-ängʹ, hāʹlo͝ongʹjyängʹ

### Proper noun

Heilongjiang
* A province in northeastern China. Capital: Harbin.
** 2007 December 24, Shipeng Guo, Benjamin Kang Lim, “China detains farmers urging land privatization”, in Lindsay Beck, Roger Crabb, editors, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 11 March 2023, World News‎:Yu Changwu from the northeastern province of Heilongjiang has urged the ruling Communist Party to honor its “revolutionary ideals and pledges” and hand land back to the farmers.
** 2020 April 29, “China tries to contain new coronavirus outbreak”, in Deutsche Welle‎, archived from the original on 30 April 2020, Asia‎:A series of new COVID-19 cases in China's far northeastern Heilongjiang province is raising concern that a second wave of the virus could emerge in the Asian country.
** 2023 November 23, “China renews alerts for cold waves, strong winds”, in EFE‎, archived from the original on 23 November 2023‎:During this period, minimum temperatures in some parts of Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang could fall to below minus 30 degrees Celsius.
* Alternative form of Heilong Jiang, the Amur River: a major river in the Far East of Russia and Northeastern China.
** 1981 August 18 [1981 August 11], Nengxiong [3769 5174 7160] Wang, “How Did Czarist Russia Carry Out Its Aggression Against China?”, in Daily Report: China‎, volume I, number 159, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page C 1‎:In 1848, Russian Senior Naval Captain Nevelskoiy and his military transport ship set sail to invade China's Heilongjiang [Amur-river] River estuary and the Sakhalin island. In 1850, Miaojie on the Heilongjiang River estuary was forcibly occupied, turned into a stronghold for aggression and renamed Nikolayevsk after the czar. In April 1853, Czar Nicholas I brazenly ordered the invasion and occupation of China's Sakhalin island.
** 1982, Bai Shouyi, editor, An Outline History of China‎, 1st edition, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 487:More than 7,000 people of Hailanpao and the sixty-four villages east of the Heilongjiang River were murdered, burned to death or drowned in the river.
** 2005 November 27, David Lague, “China apologizes to Russia for spill”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 12 March 2023, Asia Pacific‎:The Songhua is a major tributary of the Heilongjiang River, which crosses the border near the Russian city of Khabarovsk.
** 2019 April 6, Nathan Gibson, “One of China’s smallest ethnic minority groups, the Oroqen, is in danger of disappearing”, in South China Morning Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on April 6, 2019, Long Reads‎:Hunting was central to Oroqen culture, with kills shared among families. The semi-nomadic people lived along the banks of the Heilongjiang (“black dragon river”), a long, dark, snaking body of water forming the border between northeast China and Russia, in tepee-like structures called djiu, which were built of birch bark.

#### Translations
### See also

Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China in English (layout · text) :
* Provinces: Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan (claimed) · Yunnan · Zhejiang
* Autonomous regions: Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang
* Municipalities: Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing
* Special administrative regions: Hong Kong · Macau

### Further reading

* “Heilongjiang”, in Collins English Dictionary.
* Heilongjiang, Heilungkiang, Heilungchiang, Hei-lung-chiang at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
* “Heilongjiang, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “Heilongjiang”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* “Heilongjiang”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* “Heilongjiang” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2025.
* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Heilongjiang”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1260, column 3