# sama
## Bambara
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

sama
* gift

#### Verb

sama
* to bring a gift (after a voyage)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

sàmá
* elephant

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

sama
* to pull

## Basque
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s̺ama/ [s̺a.ma]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ama, -a
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Noun

sama inan
* (anatomy) neck

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “sama”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “sama”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Bikol Central
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sa‧ma
* IPA: /ˈsama/ [ˈsa.ma]

#### Verb

sáma
* to get along with others, to be sociable

##### Derived terms

* makisama
* pakisama

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sa‧ma
* IPA: /saˈmaʔ/ [saˈmaʔ]

#### Noun

samâ
* eating or dining from the same plate

##### Derived terms

* kasama
* makisama

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Malay sama, from Sanskrit सम (sama, “same, equal”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *samás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *samás, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same”).

### Adjective

sama
* like
* same
    Synonym: pareho

## Dyula
### Noun

sama
* elephant

#### Synonyms

* sogoba

#### See also

* samabolo
* samaden
* samanun

## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from English same.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsama]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ama
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Adjective

sama (accusative singular saman, plural samaj, accusative plural samajn)
* equal
    Synonym: egala
    Li montras saman respekton al nobeloj kaj malnobeloj. ― He shows equal respect to noblemen and common folk.
* same; alike
    Ĉiuj politikistoj estas samaj. ― All politicians are the same [or alike].
* unvarying
    Ŝia opozicio estis sama. ― Her opposition was unvarying.

#### Antonyms

* alia (“other”)
* malsama, nesama (“different”)

#### Derived terms

* samideano (“kindred spirit”)
* samkursano (“classmate”)
* samlandano (“countryman, compatriot”)
* samloke (“at the same location”)

## Estonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Finnic *sama (“same”), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same, alike”), from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same, alike”), presumably from *sem- (“together, one”).
Cognate with Finnish sama, Norwegian Bokmål samme, Swedish samma, Danish samme, and English same.

### Pronoun

sama
* same

### Adjective

sama (genitive sama, partitive sama)
* same

#### Derived terms

* samasugune

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sama (compare Estonian sama, Karelian sama, Votic sama), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *samaz (compare Swedish samma, English same; also borrowed into Sami, compare Northern Sami seamma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɑmɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝mɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑmɑ
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Determiner

sama (indefinite)
* same
    saman verran ― the same amount (of)
    samaa alkuperää ― of the same origin
    samaan aikaan ― at the same time
    samalla kertaa ― at the same time, in one fell swoop
    Sama tapaus on ollut esillä aikaisemmin. ― The same case has been brought up before.
    Sama jatkuu edelleen. ― The same (thing) keeps happening.
    Näemme taas huomenna samaan aikaan. ― We'll see the same time tomorrow.
    Se on pysynyt samana. ― It has stayed the same.
    Tilaan samaa kuin sinäkin. ― I'll order the same thing as you.
    Samaa se on kaikkialla. ― It's the same everywhere.
    Se on minulle aivan sama. ― It doesn't matter to me at all. (literally, “It's the completely same to me.”)

#### Declension

Declension of sama (type 9/kala)
noun case
singular
pluraladverbial form
singular
plural
nominative
sama
samatsuperessive
genitive
saman
samojendelative
partitive
samaa
samojasublative
accusative
sama, saman
samatlative
inessive
samassa
samoissatemporal
elative
samasta
samoistacausative
samaten
illative
samaan
samoihinmultiplicative
adessive
samalla
samoilladistributive
ablative
samalta
samoiltatemp. dist.
allative
samalle
samoilleprolative
essive
samana
samoinasituative
translative
samaksi
samoiksioppositive
abessive
samatta
samoitta
instructive
samoin
comitative
samoine :

#### Derived terms

* samainen
* samanmoinen
* samaanne
* samalla
* samalla mitalla
* saman tien
* saman verran
* samanne
* samassa
* samaten
* siinä samassa
* samikset
* samuus
* samaistaa
* samaistua
* samastaa
* samastua
* samakantainen
* samakeskinen
* samalähtöinen
* samamerkityksinen
* samamunainen
* samanaikainen
* saman­aikaisesti
* saman­aikais­opetus
* saman­aikaistaa
* saman­aikais­tulkkaus
* saman­aikaisuus
* samanarvoinen
* saman­arvoisuus
* samanarvonkäyrä
* samanarvonviiva
* samanhenkinen
* saman­henkisyys
* samanhetkinen
* samanhintainen
* saman­hintaisuus
* samanikäinen
* saman­ikäisyys
* samankaltainen
* saman­kaltaisesti
* saman­kaltaistaa
* saman­kaltaistua
* saman­kaltaistus
* saman­kaltaisuus
* samankantainen
* samankeskinen
* saman­keskisesti
* saman­keskisyys
* samankohtainen
* samankokoinen
* samankorkuinen
* samanlaatuinen
* samanlainen
* samanlaistaa
* samanlaistua
* samanlaisuus
* samanlevyinen
* samanmakuinen
* samanmallinen
* samanmerkityksinen
* samanmerkkinen
* samanmielinen
* saman­mielisyys
* samanmittainen
* samanmuotoinen
* samanniminen
* samannäköinen
* saman­näköisyys
* samanpainoinen
* samanpaksuinen
* samanpituinen
* samanpuoleinen
* samanpäiväinen
* samansisältöinen
* samansuuntainen
* saman­suuntaisesti
* saman­suuntaistaa
* saman­suuntaisuus
* samansuuruinen
* samansyntyinen
* samansyvyinen
* samansäteinen
* samansävyinen
* samantapainen
* samantasoinen
* samantein
* samantekevä
* samantoiminen
* samantyyppinen
* samanveikkainen
* samanveroinen
* samanvertainen
* samanvärinen
* samapalkkainen
* sama­palkkaisuus
* samaperintäinen
* samasanainen
* samasukupuolinen
* samasyntyinen

### Further reading

* “sama”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Maas, Masa

## Gothic
### Romanization

sama
* Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰

## Hausa
### Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Semitic *šamāy-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sá.mà/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [sə́.mə̀]

### Noun

samà m or f (plural sàmàmai, possessed form samàn)
* sky, heavens
* top

### Adverb

samà
* on top
* in the sky

## Icelandic
### Etymology 1
#### Adverb

sama
* indifferently
    Mér er sama. ― I don't care.

##### See also

* ég prútta ekki um það
* nenna
* prútta
* skeyta
* skeyta um
* standa á sama

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

sama
* inflection of sami (“the same”):
** accusative/dative/genitive masculine singular
** nominative feminine singular
** all-case neuter singular

### Etymology 3
#### Pronoun

sama
* inflection of samur (“the same (usually in negative expressions)”):
** accusative feminine singular
** accusative masculine plural

### Anagrams

* masa

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto sama, English same.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsama/

### Adjective

sama
* same

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈsama/ [ˈsa.ma]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: sa‧ma

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay sama, from Proto-Malayic *sama, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama (“mate, companion, fellow; together with; alike, the same as; aligned or in good order”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Malagasy samy (“both, each, every one; same”); Lauan dama (“mate, fellow, corresponding part; exactly like, the same”), 'Are'are tama (“in line, in pairs”)). Although it may be possible for this word to be from Sanskrit सम (sama, “same, equal”), the native Austronesian etymology is to be more likely due to the wide distribution in Oceanic languages that received little to no Indianisation.

### Adjective

sama
* same
    Synonym: serupa
    orang yang sama ― the same person
* equal
    Synonym: setara
    dua ditambah dua sama dengan empattwo plus two is equal to four

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* sama-sama [reduplication] (redup)
* bersama (“together”) [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* bersamaan [stative / habitual + repetition / reciprocity] (beR- + -an)
* menyamai [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
* menyamakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* tersamai [agentless action + causative (locative) benefactive] (teR- + -i)
* persamaan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
* mempersamakan [causative agent focus + causative benefactive] (mempeR- + -kan)
* penyamaan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
* kesamaan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* sesama [comparability] (se-)

##### See also

* sama-sama

### Etymology 3

Semantic loan from Betawi Ora ama.

#### Alternative forms

* ama

#### Preposition

sama
* (colloquial) with, by
    Synonyms: dengan, oleh
    Sofanya dicakar sama kucingku.The sofa was scratched by my cat.
* (colloquial) and
    Synonym: (formal) dan
    Dia sama temennya ke kafe.He and his friend went to a cafe.

### Further reading

* “sama” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

### References

* ↑ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*sama”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* masa

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sama, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *samaz. Cognates include Finnish sama and Estonian sama.
Possibly merged with Russian самый (samyj, “selfsame”).

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈsɑmɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑmɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈsɑmɑ/, [ˈʃɑmɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑmɑ
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Determiner

sama
* same
** 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:Kääntiimmä toisee poolee - neet samat riissat leenööt kuras poolees.We turn to the second side - these same objects are to our left side.
** 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:Niku näämmä, näijen sannoin struktura ono sama:Apparently, the structure of these words is the same [as those].
* selfsame
** 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 54:Otamma saman sanan kalakas.Let's take the same word kalakas.

#### Synonyms

* (same): yks

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “same”): toin, muu

#### Derived terms

* samallain
* samanlaajain
* samantapain
* samoin
* samoittee

### References

* V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 101
* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 503

## Jamamadí
### Adjective

sama
* (Banawá) downriver

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

## Japanese
### Romanization

sama
* Rōmaji transcription of さま

## Latvian
### Noun

sama m
* genitive singular of sams

## Livonian
### Etymology

Borrowing from a Slavic language, compare Serbo-Croatian som.

### Noun

sama
* catfish

## Malay
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *sama, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama (“mate, companion, fellow; together with; alike, the same as; aligned or in good order”); reconstructed by Robert Blust (compare Malagasy samy (“both, each, every one; same”); Lauan dama (“mate, fellow, corresponding part; exactly like, the same”), 'Are'are tama (“in line, in pairs”)). Although it may be possible for this word to be from Sanskrit सम (sama, “same, equal”), the native Austronesian etymology is to be more likely due to the wide distribution in Oceanic languages that received little to no Indianisation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sa.ma]
** (Johor-Riau) IPA: [sa.mə]
* Rhymes: -ma, -a
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Adjective

sama (Jawi spelling سام)
* Not different; the same.
    Synonym: serupa
    Bajunya sama dengan baju saya.His shirt is the same as my shirt.
* Equal:
** (mathematics) The same in numerical value.
    Dua kali dua sama dengan empat.Two multiplied by two is equal to four.
** Of the same value, status, standing, etc.
    Synonyms: setanding, setaraf, setara, seimbang
    Dua produk ni tak sama.These two products aren't equal.

### Adverb

sama (Jawi spelling سام)
* Joining other people; along.
    Synonym: sekali
    Dia orang gelak sama lepas dengar cerita itu sepenuhnya.They laughed along after hearing the full story.
* With each other; together.
    Synonym: sama-sama
    Dua musuh itu sama terbahak menonton filem komedi itu.The two rivals laughed together watching the comedy film.
* Towards each other or one another.
    Synonym: saling
    Kita orang memang sama tak suka pun jadi kamu tak payahlah menyampuk.We've always disliked each other so stop minding our business.

### Preposition

sama (Jawi spelling سام)
* (informal) With.
    Synonym: dengan
    Marilah main sama kami.Come play with us.
* (informal) To, toward; at.
    Synonyms: akan, kepada, pada
    Aku marah sama dia.I'm angry at him/her.
* (obsolete) While.
    Synonyms: sambil, seraya

#### Affixations

* bersama
* bersama-sama
* bersamaan
* kebersamaan
* kesamaan
* ketidaksamaan
* menyama-nyama
* penyama
* penyamaan
* persama-samakan
* persamaan
* persamakan
* sama-sama
* samai
* samakan
* sesama

#### Compounds

* sama ada (“either”)
* sama bina
* sama dengan
* sama kita
* sama nilai
* sama sahaja
* sama sahaja dengan
* sama segi
* sama sekali
* sama sendap
* sama sendiri
* sama tengah
* sama ukur
* sama unsur
* satu sama lain

### References

* ↑ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*sama”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* "sama" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
* “sama” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

### Anagrams

* masa, asam

## Northern Sotho
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kɪ́gama.

### Verb

sama
* to lean on
* to rest the head

## Old Norse
### Etymology 1

Related to sœma, from Proto-Germanic *sōmijaną (“to fit”).

#### Verb

sama (past indicative samdi, supine samat)
* to beseem, befit, become

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

sama
* inflection of samr (“same”):
** strong feminine accusative singular
** strong masculine accusative plural
** weak masculine oblique singular
** weak feminine nominative singular
** weak neuter singular

#### Determiner

sama
* inflection of samr (“same”):
** feminine accusative singular
** masculine accusative plural
* inflection of sami (“same”):
** masculine oblique singular
** feminine nominative singular
** neuter singular

#### Noun

sama
* inflection of sami:
** indefinite oblique singular
** indefinite accusative plural
** indefinite genitive plural

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sama”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Old Saxon
### Alternative forms

* samo

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *samaz (“same”).

### Determiner

sama
* same

#### Descendants

* Middle Low German: same, sam

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀲𑀫 (Brahmi script)
* सम (Devanagari script)
* সম (Bengali script)
* සම (Sinhalese script)
* သမ (Burmese script)
* สม or สะมะ (Thai script)
* ᩈᨾ (Tai Tham script)
* ສມ or ສະມະ (Lao script)
* សម (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄟 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit सम (sama).

### Adjective

sama
* even, level
* like, equal, the same
* impartial

#### Descendants

* → Burmese: သမ (sa.ma.)
* → Khmer: សម (sɑm)
* → Thai: สม (sǒm)

### References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “sama”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.ma/
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: sa‧ma

### Adjective

sama
* feminine nominative/vocative singular of sam

## Quechua
### Noun

sama
* breath
* rest

#### Declension

ñuqap - first-person singular
ñuqap (my)
singular
plural
nominative
samay
samaykuna
accusative
samayta
samaykunata
dative
samayman
samaykunaman
genitive
samaypa
samaykunap
locative
samaypi
samaykunapi
terminative
samaykama
samaykunakama
ablative
samaymanta
samaykunamanta
instrumental
samaywan
samaykunawan
comitative
samaynintin
samaykunantin
abessive
samayninnaq
samaykunannaq
comparative
samayhina
samaykunahina
causative
samayrayku
samaykunarayku
benefactive
samaypaq
samaykunapaq
associative
samaypura
samaykunapura
distributive
samayninka
samaykunanka
exclusive
samaylla
samaykunalla
qampa - second-person singular
qampa (your)
singular
plural
nominative
samayki
samaykikuna
accusative
samaykita
samaykikunata
dative
samaykiman
samaykikunaman
genitive
samaykipa
samaykikunap
locative
samaykipi
samaykikunapi
terminative
samaykikama
samaykikunakama
ablative
samaykimanta
samaykikunamanta
instrumental
samaykiwan
samaykikunawan
comitative
samaykintin
samaykikunantin
abessive
samaykinnaq
samaykikunannaq
comparative
samaykihina
samaykikunahina
causative
samaykirayku
samaykikunarayku
benefactive
samaykipaq
samaykikunapaq
associative
samaykipura
samaykikunapura
distributive
samaykinka
samaykikunanka
exclusive
samaykilla
samaykikunalla
paypa - third-person singular
paypa (his/her/its)
singular
plural
nominative
saman
samankuna
accusative
samanta
samankunata
dative
samanman
samankunaman
genitive
samanpa
samankunap
locative
samanpi
samankunapi
terminative
samankama
samankunakama
ablative
samanmanta
samankunamanta
instrumental
samanwan
samankunawan
comitative
samanintin
samankunantin
abessive
samanninnaq
samankunannaq
comparative
samanhina
samankunahina
causative
samanrayku
samankunarayku
benefactive
samanpaq
samankunapaq
associative
samanpura
samankunapura
distributive
samaninka
samankunanka
exclusive
samanlla
samankunalla
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))
singular
plural
nominative
samanchik
samanchikkuna
accusative
samanchikta
samanchikkunata
dative
samanchikman
samanchikkunaman
genitive
samanchikpa
samanchikkunap
locative
samanchikpi
samanchikkunapi
terminative
samanchikkama
samanchikkunakama
ablative
samanchikmanta
samanchikkunamanta
instrumental
samanchikwan
samanchikkunawan
comitative
samanchiknintin
samanchikkunantin
abessive
samanchikninnaq
samanchikkunannaq
comparative
samanchikhina
samanchikkunahina
causative
samanchikrayku
samanchikkunarayku
benefactive
samanchikpaq
samanchikkunapaq
associative
samanchikpura
samanchikkunapura
distributive
samanchikninka
samanchikkunanka
exclusive
samanchiklla
samanchikkunalla
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
ñuqaykup (our(excl))
singular
plural
nominative
samayku
samaykukuna
accusative
samaykuta
samaykukunata
dative
samaykuman
samaykukunaman
genitive
samaykupa
samaykukunap
locative
samaykupi
samaykukunapi
terminative
samaykukama
samaykukunakama
ablative
samaykumanta
samaykukunamanta
instrumental
samaykuwan
samaykukunawan
comitative
samaykuntin
samaykukunantin
abessive
samaykunnaq
samaykukunannaq
comparative
samaykuhina
samaykukunahina
causative
samaykurayku
samaykukunarayku
benefactive
samaykupaq
samaykukunapaq
associative
samaykupura
samaykukunapura
distributive
samaykunka
samaykukunanka
exclusive
samaykulla
samaykukunalla
qamkunap - second-person plural
qamkunap (your(pl))
singular
plural
nominative
samaykichik
samaykichikkuna
accusative
samaykichikta
samaykichikkunata
dative
samaykichikman
samaykichikkunaman
genitive
samaykichikpa
samaykichikkunap
locative
samaykichikpi
samaykichikkunapi
terminative
samaykichikkama
samaykichikkunakama
ablative
samaykichikmanta
samaykichikkunamanta
instrumental
samaykichikwan
samaykichikkunawan
comitative
samaykichiknintin
samaykichikkunantin
abessive
samaykichikninnaq
samaykichikkunannaq
comparative
samaykichikhina
samaykichikkunahina
causative
samaykichikrayku
samaykichikkunarayku
benefactive
samaykichikpaq
samaykichikkunapaq
associative
samaykichikpura
samaykichikkunapura
distributive
samaykichikninka
samaykichikkunanka
exclusive
samaykichiklla
samaykichikkunalla
paykunap - third-person plural
paykunap (their)
singular
plural
nominative
samanku
samankukuna
accusative
samankuta
samankukunata
dative
samankuman
samankukunaman
genitive
samankupa
samankukunap
locative
samankupi
samankukunapi
terminative
samankukama
samankukunakama
ablative
samankumanta
samankukunamanta
instrumental
samankuwan
samankukunawan
comitative
samankuntin
samankukunantin
abessive
samankunnaq
samankukunannaq
comparative
samankuhina
samankukunahina
causative
samankurayku
samankukunarayku
benefactive
samankupaq
samankukunapaq
associative
samankupura
samankukunapura
distributive
samankunka
samankukunanka
exclusive
samankulla
samankukunalla :

#### See also

* samay

## Serbo-Croatian

* A user suggests that this Serbo-Croatian entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Non-lemma form”.
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

### Adverb

sama (Cyrillic spelling сама)
* (her-)self

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Either from Sanskrit सम (sama, “same, equal”) with semantic shift or Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sama (“mate, companion, fellow; together with; alike, the same as; aligned or in good order”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈsama/ [ˈsaː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: sa‧ma

#### Noun

sama (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ)
* going with or accompanying someone to a certain place
    Synonyms: pagsama, hatid, paghatid
* inclusion into a group (of someone)
    Synonyms: sali, pagsasali
* combining; mixing (of one thing with another)
    Synonyms: halo, paghahalo, lahok, paglalahok
* living with someone in the same place
    Synonyms: suno, pagsuno, pagsusuno, (as a married couple) pisan, (as a married couple) pagpipisan

##### Derived terms

* ang pagsasabi ng tapat ay pagsasama ng maluwat
* di-pagkakasama
* di-pagkasama
* di-pagsasama
* ipagsama
* isama
* kasa-kasama
* kasama
* kasama-sama
* kasamahan
* kasamahin
* magkakasama
* magkasama
* magpasama
* magsama
* magsama-sama
* magsamahan
* makasama
* makisama
* pagkakasama
* pagkakasama-sama
* pagsama
* pagsama-samahin
* pagsamahin
* pagsasama
* pagsasama-sama
* pagsasamahan
* pakikisama
* pakisama
* pakisamahan
* pasamahan
* pasamahin
* sama-sama
* sama-samahan
* sama-samahin
* samahan
* sumama
* tagasama

### Etymology 2

Either from Sanskrit विषम (viṣama, “unequal, wicked, wrong”) or Sanskrit दुःषम (duḥṣáma, “uneven, perverse, bad”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /saˈmaʔ/ [sɐˈmaʔ]
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: sa‧ma

#### Noun

samâ (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ)
* evil; wrongdoing; wickedness
    Synonyms: kasamaan, sala, pagkakasala, kabuhungan
* defect; fault
    Synonyms: depekto, kapintasan
* misfortune; bad luck
    Synonyms: kamalasan, kawalang-suwerte
* bad feeling (in certain expressions)
* resentment (used with loob)
    Synonyms: hinanakit, paghihinanakit, pagdaramdam
* bad quality (about something)

##### Derived terms

* di-makasasama
* ikasama
* kasama-samaan
* kasamaan
* magpakasama
* magpasama
* makasama
* masama
* masama ang loob
* masamain
* masamang damo
* masamang panahon
* masamang-loob
* nakasasama
* napakasama
* pagkamasama
* pagkasama-sama
* pagpapasama
* pagsama
* pasamain
* pasamain ang loob
* sa kasamaang palad
* sama ng kalooban
* sama ng katawan
* sama ng loob
* samaan ng loob
* samain
* samaing-kapalaran
* samaing-palad
* suliranin ng kasamaan
* sumama
* sumama ang loob
* sumama ang pakiramdam
* sumama ang sikmura
* walang masamang tinapay

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /saˈma/ [sɐˈma]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: sa‧ma

#### Noun

samá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ)
* share (of stock)
    Synonym: sapi
* share of capital (in a business partnership or gambling)
    Synonyms: bakas, sosyo

##### Derived terms

* kasama
* magkasama
* samahan

#### Adjective

samá (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ)
* of the business relationship of shareholders
    Synonyms: sosyo, magkasosyo, bakas, magkabakas

### Further reading

* “sama”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* masa, amas, asam

## Ternate
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsa.ma]

#### Noun

sama (Jawi سامه)
* the outrigger (of a proa, etc.)

### Etymology 2

Compare Sahu samama (“crocodile”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsa.ma]

#### Noun

sama (Jawi سامه)
* a crocodile

### References

* Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Votic
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sama, from Proto-Germanic *samaz,

### Pronunciation

* (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA: /ˈsɑmɑ/, [ˈsɑmɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑmɑ
* Hyphenation: sa‧ma

### Determiner

sama
* same

#### Inflection
### References

* Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “sama”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

## Yuracare
### Noun

sama
* water

### References

* ASJP