# stage
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English stage, from Old French estage (“dwelling, residence; position, situation, condition”), from Old French ester (“to be standing, be located”). Cognate with Old English stæþþan (“to make staid, stay”), Old Norse steðja (“to place, provide, confirm, allow”), Old English stede (“state, status, standing, place, station, site”). More at stead. Doublet of étage.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /steɪd͡ʒ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪdʒ

#### Noun

stage (plural stages)
* A phase.
    He is in the recovery stage of his illness.
    Completion of an identifiable stage of maintenance such as removing an aircraft engine for repair or storage.
** 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter I, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:Such a polity is suited only to a particular stage in the progress of society.
** 1986, Daniel Woodrell, Under the Bright Lights, page 66:"They're bikini briefs", Nicole said. "That just means sexy underwear." "I though naked was sexy." "Well, it is. But sexy comes in stages".
** 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, and so we entered stage three – what therapists call "bargaining". A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul. Instead it offers fixes and patches.
* (by extension) One of the portions of a device (such as a rocket or thermonuclear weapon) which are used or activated in a particular order, one after another.
    The first stage of the launcher burned out and separated after successfully boosting the payload onto a suborbital trajectory, but the engine of the upper stage failed to ignite to place the satellite into orbit.
* (theater) A platform; a surface, generally elevated, upon which show performances or other public events are given.
    The band returned to the stage to play an encore.
** 1711 May, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W[illiam] Lewis […]; and sold by W[illiam] Taylor […], T[homas] Osborn[e] […], and J[ohn] Graves […], →OCLC:Knights, squires, and steeds must enter on the stage.
** 1829, Charles Sprague, Curiosity:Lo! Where the stage, the poor, degraded stage, / Holds its warped mirror to a gaping age.
** 1891, Oscar Wilde, Intentions:The theater is not merely the meeting place of all the arts, it is also the return of art to life.
* A floor or storey of a house.
* A floor elevated for the convenience of mechanical work, etc.; scaffolding; staging.
* A platform, often floating, serving as a kind of wharf.
* A stagecoach, an enclosed horsedrawn carriage used to carry passengers.
    The stage pulled into town carrying the payroll for the mill and three ladies.
** 1711 April 14, letter to Stella, Jonathan Swift:I went in the sixpenny stage.
** 1782, William Cowper, “Conversation”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC:a parcel sent you by the stage
* (dated) A place of rest on a regularly travelled road; a station; a place appointed for a relay of horses.
* (dated) A degree of advancement in a journey; one of several portions into which a road or course is marked off; the distance between two places of rest on a road.
    a stage of ten miles
** 1807, Francis Jeffrey, “Clarkson on Quakerism”, in The Edinburgh Review April 1807:A stage […] signifies a certain distance on a road.
** 1858, Samuel Smiles, Robert Stephenson, The Life of George Stephenson: Railway Engineer‎, page 356:He travelled by gig, with his wife, his favourite horse performing the journey by easy stages.
** 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter 3, in The Purchase Price:The Mount Vernon, favoured by a good stage of water, soon cleared the narrow Monongahela channel, passed the confluence, and headed down under full steam, […].
** 1962 December, “Dr. Beeching previews the plan for British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 377:At present, however, in spite of vigorous efforts to increase through train working, the stage-by-stage movement of individual wagons remains the normal method of freight movement.
* (electronics) The number of an electronic circuit’s block, such as a filter, an amplifier, etc.
    a 3-stage cascade of a 2nd-order bandpass Butterworth filter
* The place on a microscope where the slide is located for viewing.
    He placed the slide on the stage.
* (video games) A level; one of the sequential areas making up the game.
    Synonym: level
    How do you get past the flying creatures in the third stage?
* A place where anything is publicly exhibited, or a remarkable affair occurs; the scene.
** c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi]:When we are born, we cry that we are come / To this stage of fools.
** c. 1630, John Milton, “The Passion”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, page 16:Ere while of Muſick, and Ethereal mirth, Wherewith the ſtage of Ayr and Earth did ring,
** 2011 September 2, Phil McNulty, “Bulgaria 0-3 England”, in BBC:Rooney's United team-mate Chris Smalling was given his debut at right-back and was able to adjust to the international stage in relatively relaxed fashion as Bulgaria barely posed a threat of any consequence.
** 2015, Gary Andres, Paul Hernnson, Lobbying Reconsidered: Politics Under the Influence, page 149:Paid media is the admission ticket to enter the big-time Washington stage.
* (geology) The succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic time scale.
* (Canada, Quebec) An internship.
* The notional space within which stereo sounds are positioned, determining where they will appear to come from when played back.
** 2013, Roey Izhaki, Mixing Audio: Concepts, Practices and Tools, page 391:This way, we simply stretch the image of a monophonic sound across a wider area on the stereo stage and create an altogether bigger impression.
* (metonymically, uncountable, with "the") The profession of an actor.
** 1882 November 25 (first performance), W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, music, […] Iolanthe; or, The Peer and the Peri, London: Chappell & Co., […], published [1885?], act I:In other professions in which men engage / (Said I to myself, said I), / The Army, the Navy, the Church and the Stage / (Said I to myself, said I)

##### Synonyms

* (phase): tier, level
* (video games): level, map, area, world, track, board, zone, phase

##### Derived terms

* all the world's a stage
* anal stage
* assistant stage manager
* cage stage
* caveman stage
* center stage, centre stage
* coaling stage
* early-stage
* exit stage left
* flood stage
* follicle stage
* group stage
* hold the stage
* key stage
* knockout stage
* landing stage
* late-stage capitalism
* late stage capitalism
* life stage
* main stage
* mirror stage
* multistage
* off-stage
* one-stage prothrombin time
* on-stage
* oral stage
* Prader stage
* rocket stage
* sage on a stage
* sage on the stage
* set the stage
* single-stage-to-orbit
* sound stage
* special stage
* stage ball
* stage bus
* stage business
* stage-by-stage
* stage carriage
* stagecoach
* stage-coach
* stage combat
* stage crew
* stage damager
* stage direction
* stage-dive
* stage dive
* stage diver
* stage diving
* stage-diving
* stage door
* stage-door Johnny
* stage fear
* stage fever
* stage flat
* stage fright
* stage-fright
* stage gay
* stage Johnny
* stage kiss
* stage left
* stage light
* stage magic
* stage magician
* stage-manage
* stage-managed
* stage manager
* stage micrometer
* stage mom
* stage mother
* stage name
* stage of the game
* stage-phoner
* stage plank
* stage play
* stage presence
* stage race
* stage right
* stage screw
* stage set
* stage setting
* stage-setty
* stage show
* stage-stricken
* stage wagon
* stage whisper
* stage-whisper
* staging area
* Tanner stage
* thrust stage
* transport stage
* tread the stage
* upper stage, upper-stage
* waystage

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: ステージ (sutēji)

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

stage (third-person singular simple present stages, present participle staging, simple past and past participle staged)
* (transitive) To produce on a stage, to perform a play.
    The local theater group will stage "Pride and Prejudice".
* To demonstrate in a deceptive manner.
    The salesman's demonstration of the new cleanser was staged to make it appear highly effective.
* (transitive) To orchestrate; to carry out.
    The workers staged a strike.
    A protest will be staged in the public square on Monday.
** 1955 February, T. B. Sands, “The Didcot, Newbury & Southampton Railway—1”, in Railway Magazine, page 79:But capital was proving difficult to raise; rumours were in the air that the G.W.R. and L.S.W.R. were about to patch up their quarrel, and the people of Southampton, who twelve months earlier had staged a torch-light procession to celebrate the passing of the D.N.S.R. Act, were increasingly loath to part with their cash.
* (transitive) To place in position to prepare for use.
    We staged the cars to be ready for the start, then waited for the starter to drop the flag.
    to stage data to be written at a later time
* (transitive, medicine) To determine what stage (a disease, etc.) has progressed to
** 2010, Howard M. Fillit, Kenneth Rockwood, Kenneth Woodhouse, Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, page 940:One method of documenting a wound is as follows: (1) stage the ulcer, time present, setting where occurred; (2) describe the location anatomically; (3) measure ulcer in centimeters (length × width × base); […]
* (astronautics) To jettison a spent stage of a multistage rocket or other launch vehicle and light the engine(s) of the stage above it.
    In Kerbal Space Program, you stage away used-up parts of your rocket by hitting the spacebar.
* (intransitive, Canada, US) To work an internship, usually as a chef or waiter.

##### Synonyms

* (demonstrate in a deceptive manner): fake

##### Derived terms

* hot-stage

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French stage (“internship”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɑːʒ/
* Rhymes: -ɑːʒ

#### Noun

stage (plural stages)
* (cooking) An unpaid internship in a restaurant where a cook or chef is exposed to new culinary techniques.
** 2023 June 23, Tejal Rao, “‘The Bear’ Finds Optimism in the Dysfunctional World of Hospitality”, in The New York Times‎:It doesn’t matter that recent reporting on the stage economy of Copenhagen […] has revealed a pattern of abuse and dangerous working conditions for unpaid interns. In “The Bear,” the stage is a dream: Marcus’s tasks are simply to learn from a skilled but kind and patient mentor, to get out and about and feel inspired, and to come up with some new dishes of his own.

##### Related terms

* stagiaire

#### Verb

stage (third-person singular simple present stages, present participle staging, simple past and past participle staged)
* (intransitive, cooking) To work as an unpaid intern in a restaurant.
** 2023, C Pam Zhang, Land of Milk and Honey, Hutchinson Heinemann, page 36:I’ve been chosen to stage at Coloniál, the Michelin-starred restaurant that I will one day lie about running. Stage is restaurant-speak for free labor, but I’m unconcerned.

### Anagrams

* Gates, Geats, agest, e-tags, gates, geats, getas

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French stage.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstaː.ʒə/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sta‧ge

### Noun

stage m (plural stages, diminutive stagetje n)
* probation, induction
* apprenticeship
* internship

#### Derived terms

* afstudeerstage
* stageperiode
* stageplaats

#### Related terms

* stagiair

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: stase
* → Papiamentu: stazje

## French
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin stagium, itself from Old French estage: ester +‎ -age (whence modern French étage).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /staʒ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

stage m (plural stages)
* internship, job that a trainee is doing in a workplace until a fixed date
    rapport de stage ― internship report, training period report
** 1844, Honoré de Balzac, Modeste Mignon:Ce jeune homme avait déjà fait un stage de ce genre auprès d’un des ministres tombés en 1827;This young man has already done an internship of this kind with one of the ministers who had fallen in 1827;
* probation, induction

#### Related terms

* stagiaire

#### Descendants

* → Czech: stáž
* → Dutch: stage
* → Italian: stage
* → Polish: staż
* → Portuguese: estágio
* → Russian: стаж (staž)
* → Serbo-Croatian: stȃž / ста̑ж
* → Turkish: staj

### Further reading

* “stage”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* gâtes, gâtés

## Italian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French stage.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˈtaʒ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aʒ

#### Noun

stage m (invariable)
* internship, stagiaire
    Synonyms: apprendistato, tirocinio, praticantato

##### Usage notes

Often incorrectly pronounced IPA: /sˈte.id͡ʒ/ or IPA: /sˈtɛ.id͡ʒ/ via an erroneous connection to English stage.

### Etymology 2

Unadapted borrowing from English stage.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˈte.id͡ʒ/, /sˈtɛ.id͡ʒ/
* Rhymes: -eidʒ, -ɛidʒ

#### Noun

stage m (invariable)
* (theater) stage
    Synonyms: palco, palcoscenico

### References

* 1 2 3 stage in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Anagrams

* gesta

## Middle English
### Etymology

From Old French estage, from ester (“to be standing, be located”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstaːdʒ(ə)/

### Noun

stage (plural stages or stage)
* A tier of a structure; a floor or storey:
** The topmost story of a building; a rooftop.
** A deck (surface of a ship)
** A floor of a vehicle or on a mount.
* A raised floor; a platform or podium.
** A ledge or shelf (projecting storage platform)
** A stage; a platform facing the audience.
** A box seat; a premium seat for an audience member.
* A duration or period; an amount of time.
* A stage or phase; a sequential part.
* A tier or grade; a place in a hierarchy.
* A locale or place; a specified point in space.
* Heaven (home of (the Christian) God)
* (rare) The cross-beam of a window.
* (rare) A seat or chair.
* (rare) A state of being.

#### Derived terms

* forstage

#### Descendants

* English: stage

#### References

* “stāǧe, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2020-01-12.