# 外首
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): ngiê-sāu
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$nga-seu
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiê-sāu
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋie²⁴²⁻⁵³ $^{(s-)}$lau³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$nga-seu
*** MiniDict: nga$^去$ seu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$nga-seu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋa²² sɤ⁴⁴/

### Noun

外首
* (dialectal Mandarin, Eastern Min, dated in Shanghainese) outside; exterior

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 外面, 外邊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 外面, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 外面, 外邊, 外頭, 外廂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 外面, 外面兒, 外邊兒拉, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 外面, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 外面, 外頭, 外邊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 外面兒, 外面, 外邊兒, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 外面 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 外面 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 外面 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 外面兒, 外頭, 外邊兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 外頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 外面兒, 外頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 外頭, 外面, 外面兒, 外邊兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 外邊兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 外頭 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 外邊兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 外頭, 外邊兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 外頭, 外邊兒, 外面兒, 外先 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 外邊, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 外頭, 外邊兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 外前 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 外些 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 外面, 外邊兒, 外頭, 外首 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 外面, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 外頭, 外面, 外前 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 外邊兒, 外邊, 外頭, 外面 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 外邊兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 外邊兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 外邊, 外半邊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 外面, 外頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 外面, 外頭, 外邊 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 外面, 外邊, 外頭, 外前 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 外頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 外頭, 外面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 外頭, 外前, 外先 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 外面, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 外前 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 外面, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 外面, 外頭, 外邊 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 外面, 外頭, 外興 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 外頭, 外面, 外邊 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 外面, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 外首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 外面, 外邊, 外首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 外首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 外頭, 外面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 外頭, 外面, 外邊 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 外面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 外頭, 外邊 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 外面, 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 外通 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 外面, 外頭, 外邊 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 外頭, 外目檢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 外得 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 外面, 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 外面, 外頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 外頭, 外面 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 外面, 外沿, 外頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 外便, 出便, 開便, 外低, 外底, 外出, 外間, 開低, 開底, 開底便 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 出便, 出面, 外便, 外面, 開便 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 出便, 出茅 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 外邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 出便, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 外便 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 外底, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 出便, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 外出 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 出便, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 外便 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 外便 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 出便, 出底 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 出便, 外底, 外便, 外面, 外頭 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 外底 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 二底 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 外底 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻口, 出底, 外便, 出便, 出頭 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 外邊 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 外邊 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 外便, 出便 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 外邊 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 外面 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 出便, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 出邊 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 出便, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 出頭, 出底 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 外便 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 荷頭 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 外出, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 和底 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 出便, 出低, 外便 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 會出 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 外便, 出便 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 出下底 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 外低 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 出那底 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 外底 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 出邊, 外邊, 外面 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 外底, 外面 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 外低 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 外底 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 外頭 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 外便 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 出便 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 外便 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 外頭 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 外家, 外頭 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 口前, 外前 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 外背 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 外口, 外出, 外便, 出便, 面出 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 外出 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 外出 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 外出 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 出背, 外背, 外面 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 出背 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 門口, 外面 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 堤出 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 外邊, 外面 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 外背 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 外背 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 門背 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 外背 |
| Hakka | Raoping (Xinfeng) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Changting | 外頭, 外背 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 外背, 外頭背 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 壁背 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Zhongshan) | 壁背 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 出背 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Wudong) | 壁背 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 外裡 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Zhongbao) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 外底 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 外高 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 內頭 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 外裡 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 門背, 出邊 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 外低 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 外低 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 外邊 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 下底 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 老背 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 那低 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 外面 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 外頭 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 門背 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 門背, 外背 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 外背 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Meixian) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 外背 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 外咧 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 外背 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 外頭 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 外面, 外面頭 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 外頭, 外面 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 外面兒, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Jin | Datong | 外頭, 外前 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 外頭 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 外面兒, 外頭, 外首兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 外面兒, 外邊兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Jin | Jining | 外頭 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 外面, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 外面, 外頭 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 外面, 外邊兒, 外頭 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 外面兒, 外頭 |
| Jin | Handan | 外面, 外邊, 外頭 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 外頭 |
| Jin | Suide | 外面兒, 外頭, 外前 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 外前, 外邊 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 外界 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 外邊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 外首, 外首勢, 外兜 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 外首 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 外兜 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 外首 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 外首, 外兜 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 外爿 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 外爿 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 外面 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 外爿 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 外底, 外爿 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 外面, 外爿, 外口, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 外面, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 外面, 外口, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 外口, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 外口 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 外面 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 外面, 外口, 口面, 口仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 外口, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 外口, 外面 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 外口 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 外爿, 外口, 厝外, 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 外口 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 外面 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 口面, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 口面, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 外口 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 外口, 外面, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 口面, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 外口, 外面 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 外口 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 外面 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 外面, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 外口, 口面 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 外口, 外面, 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 外面, 外頭, 外裹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 外面 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 外面, 外爿 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 從皮 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 外爿, 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 口爿, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 外面, 外爿, 外口, 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 外爿 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 外爿, 口爿, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 外爿, 口爿 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 外口, 內口 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 外爿 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 外口 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 口爿, 外口 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 外路 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 外 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 外面, 外 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 外 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 外向 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 前邊 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 前邊 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 屋前 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 出頭, 外頭 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 外頭 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 外頭 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 出去 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 外面 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 門背 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 門前 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 外面, 外頭, 外底頭, 外首 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 外面, 外頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 外頭, 外面, 外勢 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 外頭 |
| Wu | Changshu | 外頭 |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 外頭 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 外頭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 外頭 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 外頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 外頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 外頭, 外向 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 外面, 外轉 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 外面, 外面手, 外頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 外頭 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 外前, 外頭 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 外前, 外頭 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 外頭 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 外頭 |