# surat
## English
### Noun

surat (plural surats)
* Alternative form of sura (“A chapter of the Qur'an”)

### Anagrams

* Rutas, ratus, Sutra, taurs, UARTs, Astur-, sūtra, USART, Sūtra, Astur, sutra

## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: su‧rat
* IPA: /ˈsuɾat/ [ˈsu.ɾat]

### Noun

súrat
* a letter; a mail; a correspondence
    Synonym: koreyo
* a written message
    Synonym: mensahe

#### Derived terms

* isurat
* kagsurat
* magsurat
* parasurat
* suraton

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [suˈɾat]
* Rhymes: -at

### Participle

surat (feminine surada, masculine plural surats, feminine plural surades)
* past participle of surar

## Hanunoo
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay surat, from Arabic سُورَة (sūra, “chapter of the Qur'an”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsuɾat/ [ˈsu.ɾɐt]
* Rhymes: -uɾat
* Syllabification: su‧rat

### Noun

surat (Hanunoo spelling ᜰᜳᜮᜦ᜴)
* writing; letter (especially on bamboo)
* letter; character of the Hanunoo script

#### Derived terms

* sumurat

### Further reading

* Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 256

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈsurat/ [ˈsu.rat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -urat
* Syllabification: su‧rat

### Etymology 1

From Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).

#### Noun

surat (plural surat-surat)
* document (original or official paper)
    Synonyms: dokumen, sahifah
* letter (written message)
* writing
    Synonym: tulisan
* inscription
    Synonym: prasasti
* certificate
    Synonyms: sertifikat, sijil
* card
    Synonym: kartu

##### Derived terms

* bersurat
* ketersuratan
* menyurat
* menyurati
* menyuratkan
* persuratan
* surat-menyurat
* suratan
* tersurat
* tersuratkan

##### Compounds

* surat angkatan
* surat anonim
* surat antisipasi obligasi
* surat bahari
* surat berantai
* surat berharga
* surat buta
* surat cerai
* surat cinta
* surat dakwaan
* surat dinas
* surat edaran
* surat elektronik
* surat gadai
* surat gelap
* surat hibah
* surat ijazah
* surat isian
* surat izin
* surat jalan
* surat jaminan
* surat jawatan
* surat kabar
* surat kaleng
* surat kawat
* surat kawin
* surat kelahiran
* surat kematian
* surat kepemilikan
* surat kepercayaan
* surat keterangan
* surat kilat
* surat kuasa
* surat lahir
* surat lamaran kerja
* surat lepas
* surat mati
* surat mentega
* surat mualim
* surat muatan
* surat niaga
* surat nikah
* surat pajak
* surat paksa
* surat pas
* surat pembaca
* surat pemberitahuan
* surat pemilih
* surat pengangkatan
* surat pengantar
* surat pengenal
* surat peringatan
* surat perintah
* surat permintaan
* surat permohonan
* surat pribadi
* surat pujian
* surat rantai
* surat rekomendasi
* surat resmi
* surat sakti
* surat salinan
* surat sebaran
* surat segel
* surat selebaran
* surat sembah
* surat sensasi
* surat siaran
* surat sita
* surat somasi
* surat suara
* surat talak
* surat tanda anggota
* surat tanda registrasi
* surat tempelan
* surat terbang
* surat terbuka
* surat tercatat
* surat tilang
* surat tuduhan
* surat tugas
* surat ukur
* surat uleman
* surat undangan
* surat undian
* surat usiran
* surat utang
* surat warisan
* surat wasiat

##### Descendants

* → Tetum: surat

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

surat (plural surat-surat)
* (Islam) alternative form of surah (“sura”)

### Further reading

* “surat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

### Anagrams

* ratus, turas

## Javanese
### Romanization

surat
* Romanization of ꦱꦸꦫꦠ꧀.

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /surat/
* Rhymes: -urat, -rat, -at

### Noun

surat (Jawi spelling سورت, plural surat-surat, informal 1st possessive suratku, 2nd possessive suratmu, 3rd possessive suratnya)
* document (original or official paper)
* letter (written message)

#### Derived terms

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* surat-menyurat (“to write letters between one another”)
* surat akuan (“letter of declaration”)
* surat khabar (“newspaper”)
* sampul surat (“envelope”)

#### Descendants

* → Bikol Central: surat
* → Hanunoo: surat
* Indonesian: surat
** → Tetum: surat
* → Malagasy: soratra
* → Tagalog: sulat
* → Ternate: surat

### Anagrams

* ratus, turas

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suʀat (“to carve, to incise”).

### Noun

surat
* letter (written message)

## Swedish
### Verb

surat
* supine of sura

### Anagrams

* rusat, rusta, rutas

## Ternate
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay surat, from Proto-Malayic *surat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsu.ɾat]

### Noun

surat
* a letter (written message)

### References

* ↑ Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Tetum
### Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian surat.

### Noun

surat
* letter (written message)

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish صورت, borrowed from Classical Persian صُورَت (sūrat), borrowed from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra). Doublet of suret.

### Noun

surat (definite accusative suratı, plural suratlar)
* face
    Synonym: yüz
* surliness
    Bir daha bu suratla misafirleri karşıladığını görmeyeyim!You better not greet our guests with that surliness again!

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
surat
suratlar
definite accusative
suratı
suratları
dative
surata
suratlara
locative
suratta
suratlarda
ablative
surattan
suratlardan
genitive
suratın
suratların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
suratım
suratlarım
2nd singular
suratın
suratların
3rd singular
suratı
suratları
1st plural
suratımız
suratlarımız
2nd plural
suratınız
suratlarınız
3rd plural
suratları
suratları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
suratımı
suratlarımı
2nd singular
suratını
suratlarını
3rd singular
suratını
suratlarını
1st plural
suratımızı
suratlarımızı
2nd plural
suratınızı
suratlarınızı
3rd plural
suratlarını
suratlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
suratıma
suratlarıma
2nd singular
suratına
suratlarına
3rd singular
suratına
suratlarına
1st plural
suratımıza
suratlarımıza
2nd plural
suratınıza
suratlarınıza
3rd plural
suratlarına
suratlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
suratımda
suratlarımda
2nd singular
suratında
suratlarında
3rd singular
suratında
suratlarında
1st plural
suratımızda
suratlarımızda
2nd plural
suratınızda
suratlarınızda
3rd plural
suratlarında
suratlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
suratımdan
suratlarımdan
2nd singular
suratından
suratlarından
3rd singular
suratından
suratlarından
1st plural
suratımızdan
suratlarımızdan
2nd plural
suratınızdan
suratlarınızdan
3rd plural
suratlarından
suratlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
suratımın
suratlarımın
2nd singular
suratının
suratlarının
3rd singular
suratının
suratlarının
1st plural
suratımızın
suratlarımızın
2nd plural
suratınızın
suratlarınızın
3rd plural
suratlarının
suratlarının :

### Further reading

* “surat”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

## Turkmen
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

surat (definite accusative suraty, plural suratlar)
* picture, photo, image

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “surat” in Enedilim.com
* “surat” in Webonary.org

## Uzbek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صُورَة (ṣūra). Compare Turkish surat.

### Noun

surat (plural suratlar)
* picture, drawing
* photograph
* looks, appearance
* numerator

#### Declension
## Western Bukidnon Manobo
### Verb

surat
* to write