# 高粱
## Chinese

* 高粱 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 高粱 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gāoliáng
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄠ ㄌㄧㄤˊ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): gàolián
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gou$^1$ loeng$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kô-liòng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kau-liâng / ko͘-liông / ko-liông / ko-liâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^1$ liang$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$kau-lian$_5$ / $^1$kau-lian$_2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gāoliáng → gāoliang (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ ㄌㄧㄤˊ → ㄍㄠ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gaoliång
*** Wade–Giles: kao$^1$-liang$^5$
*** Yale: gāu-lyang
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gau.liang
*** Palladius: гаолян (gaoljan)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/ → /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɑŋ²/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$膏粱 高梁 高樑 / 高梁 高粱 高涼 / 高凉
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: gàolián
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): gao$^1$ lian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔ³¹ liã²⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gou$^1$ loeng$^4$
*** Yale: gōu lèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gou$^1$ loeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gou$^1$ lêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kou̯⁵⁵ lœːŋ²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$膏粱 高梁 高樑 / 高梁 高粱
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kô-liòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: go$^ˊ$ liong$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: go$^1$ liong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ko²⁴ li̯oŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-liâng
*** Tâi-lô: kau-liâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kauliaang
*** IPA (Taipei): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ liaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-liông
*** Tâi-lô: koo-liông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kolioong
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³ liɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-liông
*** Tâi-lô: ko-liông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koilioong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-liâng
*** Tâi-lô: ko-liâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koiliaang
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² liaŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ liaŋ²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gao$^1$ liang$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau liâng
*** Sinological IPA : /kau³³⁻²³ liaŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kau-lian$_5$
*** MiniDict: kau$^平$ 'lian$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$kau-lian$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɔ⁵⁵ liã²¹/
** (Northern: Suzhou, Changzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kau-lian$_2$
*** MiniDict: kau$^平$ lian$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kæ⁴⁴ liã/
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /kaɯ³³ liaŋ³³/

### Noun

高粱
* sorghum
* Short for 高粱酒 (gāoliángjiǔ, “sorghum liquor; kaoliang”).

#### Synonyms

* (sorghum):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 高粱, 蜀黍 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 高粱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 高粱 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 高粱, 秫秫 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 胡秫 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 胡秫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 高粱, 秫秫, 紅秫秫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 䵚黍 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 黑秫秫, 秫秫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 䵚黍 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 高粱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 秫秫, 小秫秫 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 䵚黍, 高粱 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 秫秫 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 高粱, 秫秫 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 秫秫, 高粱 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 高粱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 高粱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 高粱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 高粱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 高粱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 高粱 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 高粱 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 高粱, 蘆書 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 高粱 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 秫秫 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 榴粟 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 高粱粟, 高粱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 高粱粟, 高粱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 高粱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 高粱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 高粱 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 高粱粟, 枝勾粟 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 麥 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 高粱 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 高粱 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 高粱粟, 蘆粟, 蘆粟仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 羅粟 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 粟 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Changting | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 蘆粟 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 禾媽, 粟仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 高粱粟, 粟子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 粟子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 粟子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 粟子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 蘆粟 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 粟子 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 粟哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 高粟 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 高粱粟 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 禾仔 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 高粱 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 高粱粟, 高粱 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 蘿穄 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 穄粟 |
| Huizhou | Jingde | 蘆穄 |
| Huizhou | Shitai (Xianyu) | 蘆穄 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 茭子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 䵚黍 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 茭子 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 高粱 |
| Jin | Linhe | 高粱 |
| Jin | Jining | 高粱 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 茭子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 高粱 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 高粱 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 高粱 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 蘆粟, 高粱 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 觀音粟 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 粟仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 高粱粟 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 黍仔 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 蘆粟 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 龍黍 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 蘆粟 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 穄, 穄黍 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 穄 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 穄黍 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 黍 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 黍 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 扣頭子 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 高粱 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 黍 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 黍 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 黍 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 穄米 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 蘆黍, 番黍 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 蘆黍 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 番黍 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 番黍 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 狗尾拖 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 黍仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 番黍, 高粱 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 番黍 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 蘆黍, 番黍, 高粱 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 番黍 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 番黍, 蘆黍, 高粱 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen (Jinsha) | 蘆黍 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 蘆黍 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 高粱 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 高粱 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 牛黍 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 高粱 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 金黍, 狗尾黍, 黍越 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 黍, 懸跤黍 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 高粱 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 高粱 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 高粱 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 粟子, 高粱 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 高粱 |
| Wu | Danyang | 高粱 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 蘆穄 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 高粱粟, 蓬頭粟 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 蘆穄 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 高粱 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 高粱 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 高粱 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 粟米 |

#### Derived terms

* 高粱篾兒 / 高粱篾儿
* 高粱米 (gāoliángmǐ)
* 高粱酒 (gāoliángjiǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Russian: гаолян (gaoljan)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 高 | 粱 |
| こー Grade: 2 | りゃん Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 高粱 – see the following entry. :
| 【コーリャンこうりゃん】 | [noun] kaoliang, Chinese variety of sorghum |
(This term, 高粱, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 高 | 粱 |
| かお Grade: 2 | りゃん Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 高粱 – see the following entry. :
| 【カオリャン】 | [noun] Alternative form of コーリャン (kōryan, “kaoliang”) |
(This term, 高粱, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 高 | 粱 |
| こう Grade: 2 | りょう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ko̞ːɾʲo̞ː]

#### Noun

高(こう)粱(りょう) • (kōryō)
* Alternative form of コーリャン (kōryan, “kaoliang”)