# step
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /stɛp/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Homophone: steppe
* Rhymes: -ɛp

### Etymology 1

From Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-West Germanic *stappjan, from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).
Cognate with West Frisian stappe (“to step”), North Frisian stape (“to walk, trudge”), Dutch stappen (“to step, walk”), Walloon steper (“to walk away, leave”), German stapfen (“to trudge, stomp, plod”) and further to Slavic Polish stąpać (“to stomp, stamp, step, tread”), Russian ступать (stupatʹ) and Polish stopień (“step, stair, rung, degree”), Russian степень (stepenʹ). Related to stamp, stomp.

#### Noun

step (plural steps)
* An advance or movement made from one foot to the other; a pace.
** 1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter III (Accessory After the Fact), page 382, column 1:Turning back, then, toward the basement staircase, she began to grope her way through blinding darkness, but had taken only a few uncertain steps when, of a sudden, she stopped short and for a little stood like a stricken thing, quite motionless save that she quaked to her very marrow in the grasp of a great and enervating fear.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:step.
* A rest, or one of a set of rests, for the foot in ascending or descending, as a stair, or a rung of a ladder.
** 1624, Sir Henry Wotton, The Elements Of Architecture:The breadth of every single step or stair should be never less than one foot.
** 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-block below me, playing with a fox terrier.
** 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 122:Through the open front door ran Jessamy, down the steps to where Kitto was sitting at the bottom with the pram beside him.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:step.
* The part of a spade, digging stick or similar tool that a digger's foot rests against and presses on when digging; an ear, a foot-rest.
* (glassblowing) The button joining a glass's stem to its foot.
* A distinct part of a process; stage; phase.
    He improved step by step, or by steps.
    The first step is to find a job.
* A running board where passengers step to get on and off the bus.
    The driver must have a clear view of the step in order to prevent accidents.
* The space passed over by one movement of the foot in walking or running.
    One step is generally about three feet, but may be more or less.
** 1704, I[saac] N[ewton], “(please specify |book=1 to 3)”, in Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light. […], London: […] Sam[uel] Smith, and Benj[amin] Walford, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC:To derive two or three general principles of motion from phenomena, and afterwards to tell us how the properties and actions of all corporeal things follow from those manifest principles, would be a very great step in philosophy.
* A small space or distance.
    It is but a step.
* A print of the foot; a footstep; a footprint; track.
* A gait; manner of walking.
    The approach of a man is often known by his step.
** 1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:Warwick passed through one of the wide brick arches and traversed the building with a leisurely step.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:step.
* Proceeding; measure; action; act.
** 1717, Alexander Pope, Preface to his collection of poems:The reputation of a man depends on the first steps he makes in the world.
** c. 1792, William Cowper, The Needless Alarm:Beware of desperate steps. The darkest day, Live till to-morrow, will have passed away.
** 1879, George Washington Cable, Old Creole Days:I have lately taken steps […] to relieve the old gentleman's distresses.
** 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)
    Moon has also requested that government officials take additional steps to help fight pollution, his spokesman said.
       Audio (US):(file)
* (in the plural) A walk; passage.
** 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:Conduct my steps to find the fatal tree.
* (in the plural) A portable framework of stairs, much used indoors in reaching to a high position.
* (nautical) A framing in wood or iron which is intended to receive an upright shaft; specifically, a block of wood, or a solid platform upon the keelson, supporting the heel of the mast.
* (machines) One of a series of offsets, or parts, resembling the steps of stairs, as one of the series of parts of a cone pulley on which the belt runs.
* (machines) A bearing in which the lower extremity of a spindle or a vertical shaft revolves.
* (music) The interval between two contiguous degrees of the scale.
    Usage note: The word tone is often used as the name of this interval; but there is evident incongruity in using tone for indicating the interval between tones. As the word scale is derived from the Italian scala, a ladder, the intervals may well be called steps.
* (kinematics) A change of position effected by a motion of translation.
** 1878, William Kingdon Clifford, Elements of Dynamic: An Introduction to the Study of Motion:A change of position effected by a motion of translation will be called a step.
* (programming) A constant difference between consecutive values in a series.
    Printing from 0 to 9 with a step of 3 will display 0, 3, 6 and 9.
* (slang, primarily Netherlands) Kick scooter.
* Stepping (style of dance)

##### Synonyms

* (pace): stride

##### Hyponyms

* back step, half step, etc. see under back, half, etc.
* cyclic step

##### Derived terms

* 13th step
* a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step
* baby step
* between-step
* body step
* catch step
* coaster step
* corbie-step
* corbie step
* cross-step
* dance step
* Eureka step
* false step
* fire step
* fish steps
* goose-step
* goose step
* half-step
* high-step
* in step
* Irish step dancing
* kick-step
* mast step
* misstep
* naughty step
* oblique step
* one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind
* one-step
* one step ahead
* one step at a time
* out of step
* Penrose steps
* pep in one's step
* Pinoy step
* retrace one's steps
* route step
* spring in one's step
* stair-step
* step aerobics
* step by step
* step-by-step
* stepchair
* step change
* step chart
* step-climb
* step climb
* step deal
* step flashing
* step foot
* step-free
* step function
* step grate
* step ladder
* step machine
* stepmeal
* stepper
* step pyramid
* step rocket
* step show
* step stool
* step time
* step up one's game
* stepwise
* take a step back
* take steps
* Tecumseh step test
* Tennessee quick step
* the first step is always the hardest
* three-step snake
* time step
* tread in someone's steps
* T-step
* twelve-step program
* two-step
* two steps ahead
* umbrella step
* watch one's step
* whole step

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

step (third-person singular simple present steps, present participle stepping, simple past stepped or (dated) stept or (obsolete) stope, past participle stepped or (dated) stept)
* (intransitive) To move the foot in walking; to advance or recede by raising and moving one of the feet to another resting place, or by moving both feet in succession.
** 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.
* (intransitive) To walk; to go on foot; especially, to walk a little distance.
    to step to one of the neighbors
** 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:Some days later it happened that young Heriotside was stepping home over the Lang Muir about ten at night, it being his first jaunt from home since his arm had mended.
* (intransitive) To walk slowly, gravely, or resolutely.
** a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:Home from his Morning-Task , the Swain retreats, His flock before him stepping to the fold.
* To dance.
** 2013, Calvin Vraa, The Last Pathway Home, page 179:At arms length with left hands clasped they moved back where facing each other they stepped in time to their dance embrace.
** 2013, Jean Fullerton, Call Nurse Millie:She clapped, but instead of walking her back to the table, Alex took her hand and pulled her gently towards him, slipping his arm around her waist again and stepping her off on the first beat of the next dance.
** 2017, Christine Schimpf, A Christmas Kind of Perfect:He stepped to the beat of one of their favorite songs.
** 2018, Paula Poundstone, The Totally Unscientific Study of the Search for Human Happiness, page 180:He put on a tame version of the 1960s song “The Letter,” wrapped his right arm around my waist, raised my right hand, draped it over his left, and we stepped, stepped, and back stepped to the beat.
* (intransitive, figuratively) To move mentally; to go in imagination.
** 1715–1720, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book preface”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC:They are stepping almost three thousand years back into the remotest antiquity.
* (transitive) To set, as the foot.
** 2010, Charles E. Miller, Winds of Mercy: 40 Short Stories, page 219:One of the women, Elsie, stepped her foot inside to help the woman.
* (transitive, nautical) To fix the foot of (a mast) in its step; to erect.
** 1898, Joseph Conrad, Youth:We put everything straight, stepped the long-boat's mast for our skipper, who was in charge of her, and I was not sorry to sit down for a moment.
* (transitive) To advance a process gradually, one step at a time.
* (intransitive, slang, African-American Vernacular) To depart.
    You best step, cuz things are about to jump off.
* (intransitive, slang) To be confrontational.
    Antonym: step off
    Coordinate term: step up
    You tryna be steppin right now? You better bring it if so.

##### Derived terms

* cross-step
* goose-step
* misstep
* roll step
* smell what someone is stepping in
* step and repeat
* step aside
* step back
* step between
* step dance
* step down
* step forth
* step forward
* step-in
* step in
* step into
* step into someone's shoes
* step into the breach
* step it
* step lively
* step-off
* step off
* step on
* step on a duck
* step on a frog
* step on a rake
* step on it
* step on someone's lines
* step on someone's toes
* step on the gas
* step on the laughs
* step out
* step out of line
* step out on someone
* step over
* stepover
* stepping stone
* step short
* step-through
* step-thru
* step to
* step up
* step up on
* step up to the plate
* you can't step in the same river twice

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Etymology 2

Clipping of stepchild and stepsibling.

#### Noun

step (plural steps)
* (colloquial) A stepchild.
** 1934 September 6, George Herriman, Krazy Kat, comic strip, →ISBN, page 234:[Krazy Kat, after complimenting a woman on her nice polite little child:] Boy or girl? [Woman:] Step – but well brung up.
* (colloquial) A stepsibling.
** 2016, Robert M. Herzog, A World Between:So for Richard and Barbara, Jeff and Kari, the impossibly varied collection of steps and halves that is another legacy of my father.

### See also

* step-

### Further reading

* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “step”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “step”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* EPTs, ESTP, PETs, Pest, Sept, Sept., TPEs, Teps, pest, pets, sept, sept-, spet

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstɛp]
* Rhymes: -ɛp

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ukrainian степ (step). First attested in the 18th century.

#### Noun

step f
* steppe

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English step.

#### Noun

step m inan
* tap dance

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “step”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 577

### Further reading

* “step”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “step”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “step”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English step (“footrest on a bicycle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɛp/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: step
* Rhymes: -ɛp

### Noun

step f (plural steps, diminutive stepje n)
* kick scooter
    Synonyms: autoped, trottinette
* (dated) a mounting bracket on a bicycle

#### Derived terms

* steppen

#### Descendants

* → Papiamentu: stèp

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s(ə)tɛp/
* Hyphenation: stèp

### Etymology 1

From English step, from Middle English steppen, from Old English steppan (“to step, go, proceed, advance”), stepe (“step”), from Proto-Germanic *stapjaną (“to step”), *stapiz (“step”), from Proto-Indo-European *stab- (“to support, stomp, curse, be amazed”).

#### Noun

stèp (plural step-step)
* step; pace, gait

### Etymology 2

From Dutch stuip (“convulsion”), from Middle Dutch stūpe, stupen, stuypen (“convulsion”, literally “to duck, to bend down”), from Old English stupian (“to stoop, bend over”) (compare to English stoop (“to bend”)), from Old Norse stúpa, from Proto-Germanic *stūpōną, *stūpijaną (“to stand out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewb- (“to push, butt, knock”). Doublet of setip.

#### Noun

stèp (plural step-step)
* (colloquial, medicine) convulsion
    Synonyms: kejang, konvulsi, sawan

##### Alternative forms

* setip

### Further reading

* “step” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Khasi
### Noun

step f
* morning

#### Derived terms

* mynstep

### References

* Singh, U Nissor (1906) Khasi-English dictionary‎, Shillong: Eastern Bengal and Assam Secretariat Press, page 211. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

## Middle English
### Noun

step
* Alternative form of steppe

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian степ (step).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstɛp/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛp
* Syllabification: step

### Noun

step m inan
* (often in the plural) steppe

#### Declension
### Further reading

* step in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* step in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English step.

### Noun

step n (uncountable)
* (dance) tap dance

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English step.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstep/ [ˈst̪ep], /esˈtep/ [esˈt̪ep]
* Rhymes: -ep
* Syllabification: step

### Noun

step m (uncountable)
* step training

#### Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /step/

### Etymology 1

Through English steppe or borrowed directly from French steppe, from Russian степь (stepʹ).

#### Noun

step (definite accusative stepi, plural stepler)
* steppe (the grasslands of Eastern Europe and Asia)
    Synonym: bozkır

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
step
stepler
definite accusative
stepi
stepleri
dative
stepe
steplere
locative
stepte
steplerde
ablative
stepten
steplerden
genitive
stepin
steplerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepim
steplerim
2nd singular
stepin
steplerin
3rd singular
stepi
stepleri
1st plural
stepimiz
steplerimiz
2nd plural
stepiniz
stepleriniz
3rd plural
stepleri
stepleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimi
steplerimi
2nd singular
stepini
steplerini
3rd singular
stepini
steplerini
1st plural
stepimizi
steplerimizi
2nd plural
stepinizi
steplerinizi
3rd plural
steplerini
steplerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepime
steplerime
2nd singular
stepine
steplerine
3rd singular
stepine
steplerine
1st plural
stepimize
steplerimize
2nd plural
stepinize
steplerinize
3rd plural
steplerine
steplerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimde
steplerimde
2nd singular
stepinde
steplerinde
3rd singular
stepinde
steplerinde
1st plural
stepimizde
steplerimizde
2nd plural
stepinizde
steplerinizde
3rd plural
steplerinde
steplerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimden
steplerimden
2nd singular
stepinden
steplerinden
3rd singular
stepinden
steplerinden
1st plural
stepimizden
steplerimizden
2nd plural
stepinizden
steplerinizden
3rd plural
steplerinden
steplerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimin
steplerimin
2nd singular
stepinin
steplerinin
3rd singular
stepinin
steplerinin
1st plural
stepimizin
steplerimizin
2nd plural
stepinizin
steplerinizin
3rd plural
steplerinin
steplerinin
Predicative forms
singular
plural
1st singular
stepim
steplerim
2nd singular
stepsin
steplersin
3rd singular
step steptir
stepler steplerdir
1st plural
stepiz
stepleriz
2nd plural
stepsiniz
steplersiniz
3rd plural
stepler
steplerdir :

##### Derived terms

* step iklimi

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English step.

#### Noun

step (definite accusative stepi, plural stepler)
* (basketball) traveling (basketball rule violation)
    Synonym: hatalı yürüme
* (dance) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
step
stepler
definite accusative
stepi
stepleri
dative
stepe
steplere
locative
stepte
steplerde
ablative
stepten
steplerden
genitive
stepin
steplerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepim
steplerim
2nd singular
stepin
steplerin
3rd singular
stepi
stepleri
1st plural
stepimiz
steplerimiz
2nd plural
stepiniz
stepleriniz
3rd plural
stepleri
stepleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimi
steplerimi
2nd singular
stepini
steplerini
3rd singular
stepini
steplerini
1st plural
stepimizi
steplerimizi
2nd plural
stepinizi
steplerinizi
3rd plural
steplerini
steplerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepime
steplerime
2nd singular
stepine
steplerine
3rd singular
stepine
steplerine
1st plural
stepimize
steplerimize
2nd plural
stepinize
steplerinize
3rd plural
steplerine
steplerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimde
steplerimde
2nd singular
stepinde
steplerinde
3rd singular
stepinde
steplerinde
1st plural
stepimizde
steplerimizde
2nd plural
stepinizde
steplerinizde
3rd plural
steplerinde
steplerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimden
steplerimden
2nd singular
stepinden
steplerinden
3rd singular
stepinden
steplerinden
1st plural
stepimizden
steplerimizden
2nd plural
stepinizden
steplerinizden
3rd plural
steplerinden
steplerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
stepimin
steplerimin
2nd singular
stepinin
steplerinin
3rd singular
stepinin
steplerinin
1st plural
stepimizin
steplerimizin
2nd plural
stepinizin
steplerinizin
3rd plural
steplerinin
steplerinin
Predicative forms
singular
plural
1st singular
stepim
steplerim
2nd singular
stepsin
steplersin
3rd singular
step steptir
stepler steplerdir
1st plural
stepiz
stepleriz
2nd plural
stepsiniz
steplersiniz
3rd plural
stepler
steplerdir :

##### Derived terms

* stepçi

### Further reading

* “step”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “step1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “step2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “step”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “step”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 4, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4251