OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ფარდა
## Georgian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian پَرْدَه (parda).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰaɾda]
* Hyphenation: ფარ‧და

### Noun

ფარდა • (parda) (plural ფარდები)
* curtain, purdah

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Descendants

* → Bats: ფარდ (pard)
* → Mingrelian: ფარო (paro)
* → Svan: ფარდა (parda)
# vissarkanākajām
## Latvian
### Adjective

vissarkanākajām
* definite dative/instrumental feminine plural of vissarkanāks
# ノルマ
## Japanese
### Etymology

From Russian но́рма (nórma). Compare Korean 노르마 (noreuma).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ノルマ [nóꜜrùmà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [no̞ɾɯ̟ma̠]

### Noun

ノルマ • (noruma)
* quota
    ノルマを果(は)たす
       noruma o hatasu
       to meet one's quota
* assigned work (especially an amount of work given to each person)
    過(か)大(だい)なノルマ
       kadai na noruma
       excessively large assignment
    ノルマ達(たっ)成(せい)
       noruma tassei
       completing one's assigned work; (Internet slang) posting the customary meme response to something
** 2013, Matsumoto Masanori, Shihōshoshi gokagetsu gōkaku hō [Pass the judicial scrivener exam in five months], page 74:
    勉(べん)強(きょう)計(けい)画(かく)を立(た)て、それを日(ひ)々(び)の勉(べん)強(きょう)で実(じっ)行(こう)していく中(なか)で、最(もっと)も重(じゅう)要(よう)となる考(かんが)え方(かた)が、「ノルマ達(たっ)成(せい)の発(はっ)想(そう)」です。
       Benkyō keikaku o tate, sore o hibi no benkyō de jikkō shite-iku naka de, mottomo jūyō tonaru kangaekata ga, “noruma tassei no hassō” desu.
       When developing a study plan and carrying it out every day, the most important thing to think about is “the idea of regular accomplishments”.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# pystyssä
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpystysːæ/, [ˈpys̠tys̠ːæ]
* Rhymes: -ystysːæ
* Hyphenation: pys‧tys‧sä

### Adverb

pystyssä
* (of state) upright, erect (in an upright position)

#### Inflection

| →○ | illative | pystyyn |
| ○ | inessive | pystyssä |
| ○→ | elative | pystystä |

#### Derived terms

* olla pystyssä

### Adjective

pystyssä
* inessive singular of pysty

### Further reading

* “pystyssä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# ētiskajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskajās
* definite locative feminine plural of ētisks
# ētiskajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of ētisks
# ētiskākajām
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskākajām
* definite dative/instrumental feminine plural of ētiskāks
# ētiskākam
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskākam
* dative masculine singular of ētiskāks
# ētisko
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētisko
* inflection of ētisks:
** definite vocative/accusative/instrumental masculine/feminine singular
** definite genitive masculine/feminine plural
# ētiskus
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskus
* accusative masculine plural of ētisks
# spylę
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /ˈspɘ.lɛ/, (careful speech) /ˈspɘ.lɛw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɘlɛw̃
* Syllabification: spy‧lę

### Verb

spylę
* first-person singular future of spylić
# vissaulainākajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

vissaulainākajās
* definite locative feminine plural of vissaulaināks
# अपना
## Bagheli
### Pronoun

अपना (āpnā)
* you (formal)

## Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Hindi अपना (apanā), आपन (āpana), आपना (āpanā), from Prakrit अप्पणय (appaṇaya, “own”), from Sanskrit *आत्मनक (ātmanaka). The Prakrit form is based on अप्पण (appaṇa, “self”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-) and replaces Sanskrit आत्मक (ātmaka, “belong to”), for which compare Hindi -आत्मक (-ātmak). Cognate with Gujarati આપણું (āpaṇũ), Punjabi ਆਪਣਾ (āpaṇā), Nepali आफ्नो (āphno), and Bengali আপন (apon). Related to आप (āp, “you, self”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /əp.nɑː/, [ɐp.näː]

### Pronoun

अपना • (apnā) (Urdu spelling اپنا)
* reflexive pronoun: oneself
    दुसरों को देखने से पहले अपना ख़्याल रखो।dusrõ ko dekhne se pahle apnā xyāl rakho.Before checking on the others make sure that you yourself are fine.

#### Declension
### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ātmán”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# რკინის
## Georgian
### Noun

რკინის • (rḳinis)
* genitive singular of რკინა (rḳina)
# kourotrophic
## English
### Etymology

From Kourotrophos +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

kourotrophic
* (Greek mythology) Relating to the goddess Kourotrophos.
* (Ancient Greece) Relating to the rearing of youths, especially in the context of Ancient Greece.
** 2007, Bonnie MacLachlan, Virginity Revisited: Configurations of the Unpossessed Body, page 15:Virgin goddesses had no interest in exerting their powers in this way. Instead, the Greeks made them interact with mortal men in a kourotrophic capacity: rather than functioning as sexual partners, they became nurturing guardians of young men approaching adulthood or protectors of male heroes.
# שם תואר
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* שֵׁם תֹּאַר (defective)

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ʃem ˈto(ʔ)aʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

שֵׁם תּוֹאַר / שֵׁם תֹּאַר • (shem to'ar) m
* (grammar) adjective

### Anagrams

* אשמורת
* מאושרת
# 蝉鸣
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蝉鸣 – see 蟬鳴 (“chirping of cicadas”). (This term is the simplified form of 蟬鳴).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Epitola
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Epitola
* A taxonomic genus within the family Lycaenidae – certain butterflies.
# hurry-furry merger
## English
### Pronunciation

* (US, without the hurry–furry merger) IPA: /ˌhʌɹi ˈfɝi ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/
* (US, Canada, hurry–furry merger) IPA: /ˌhɝi ˈfɝi ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌhʌɹi ˈfɜːɹi ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
** (Standard Southern British) IPA: [ˌhʌɹɪj ˈfəːɹɪj ˌməːd͡ʒə]
* (Scotland) IPA: /ˌhʌɹe ˈfʌːɹe ˌmɛɹd͡ʒəɹ/
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˌhɐɹi ˈfɜːɹi ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
* (New Zealand) IPA: /ˌhɐɹi ˈføːɹi ˌmøːd͡ʒə/
* (Northern England) IPA: /ˌhʊɹi ˈfɜːɹi ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
** (Liverpool, fair–fur merger) IPA: /ˌhʊɹi ˈfeːɹi ˌmeːd͡ʒə/
** (Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger) IPA: /ˌhʊɹi ˈfɛːɹi ˌmɛːd͡ʒə/

### Noun

hurry-furry merger
* (phonology) A phonemic merger where the vowels in "hut" and "fur" are pronounced the same before /ɹ/, making the words "hurry" and "furry" rhyme.
# dhoaugh
## Yola
### Alternative forms

* doaugh, doaug

### Etymology

From Middle English dogh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔːɡ/ (as if a combination of dhoagh, dhaugh)

### Noun

dhoaugh
* dough

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 34
# alowe
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* allowe, alawe, alogh, aloʒ, alouʒ

### Etymology

a- +‎ lowe

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈlɔu̯/, /aˈlɔːx/, /aˈlɔu̯x/

### Adverb

alowe
* low or lower down, below; downward (of position or direction)
* low (of degree or rank)
* softly, quietly (of voice)

#### Descendants

* English: alow
* Scots: alow, aloah
* Yola: aloghe

#### References

* “aloue, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
# gedeihen
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German gedīhen, from Old High German githīhan, from Proto-West Germanic *gaþį̄han, from Proto-Germanic *gaþinhaną; cognates include Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (gaþeihan), Dutch gedijen. A prefixed variant of Middle High German dīhen, from Old High German thīhan, from Proto-West Germanic *þį̄han, from Proto-Germanic *þinhaną. Compare with obsolete English thee (“to thrive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡəˈdaɪən/, [ɡəˈdaɪən], [ɡəˈdaɪn]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

gedeihen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present gedeiht, past tense gedieh, past participle gediehen, auxiliary sein)
* (intransitive) to thrive; to flourish; to prosper
    Fliegen gedeihen auf verdorbenem Essen.Flies thrive on rotten food.
** 1909 [1901], Thomas Mann, chapter 2, in Buddenbrooks […] ‎, Berlin: Deutsche Buch-Gemeinschaft, →OCLC, part 8, page 433:Diese kuhwarme Milch und diese Würste und Schinken … man gedeiht, wie das Vieh und das Korn.The fresh milk, and the farm sausages and hams—one thrives like the cattle and the crops.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

### Further reading

* “gedeihen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “gedeihen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “gedeihen” in Duden online
* “gedeihen” in OpenThesaurus.de
# gará
## Hamer-Banna
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡará/, [ɡaɾá̤]

### Verb

gará
* to stop, let up
* to leave

### References

* Petrollino, Sara (2016) A Grammar of Hamar: A South Omotic language of Ethiopia‎, Leiden University
# Erythrinus
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Erythrinus
* A taxonomic genus within the family Erythrinidae – certain trahiras.
# kuambwa
## Swahili
### Verb

kuambwa (verbal noun of the ku class)
* infinitive of -ambwa
# tâdool-todool
## Woiwurrung
### Noun

tâdool-todool
* rug

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# moorrn-moon
## Woiwurrung
### Noun

moorrn-moon
* rumbling

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# ламе
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫamʲe]

### Noun

ла́ме • (láme) f anim or m anim
* dative/prepositional singular of ла́ма (láma)
# banchina
## Italian
### Etymology

banco +‎ -ina

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /banˈki.na/
* Rhymes: -ina
* Hyphenation: ban‧chì‧na

### Noun

banchina f (plural banchine)
* quay, wharf
* berm, shoulder, verge
* footpath

#### Descendants

* → Rioplatense Spanish: banquina

### Further reading

* banchina in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
# 𐘃

| 𐘃 | U+10603, &#67075; LINEAR A SIGN AB004 |
| ← 𐘂 [U+10602] | Linear A | 𐘄 → [U+10604] |

## Minoan
### Glyph origin

From a Cretan Hieroglyph depicting wheat. Compare Egyptian 𓇣, Sumerian 𒊺.

### Letter

𐘃 (te)
* The Linear A syllabic letter ⟨te⟩
* Logogram, perhaps meaning yield, harvest, or production.

#### Descendants

* Mycenaean Greek: 𐀳 (te)
# חולצה
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /χulˈt͡sa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

חולצה / חֻלְצָה • (khultsá) f (plural indefinite חולצות / חֻלְצוֹת, singular construct חולצת / חֻלְצַת־, plural construct חולצות / חֻלְצוֹת־)
* (clothing) shirt (an article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms)

#### Derived terms

* חולצת טי / חֻלְצַת טִי (khultsát ti)

### References

* “חולצה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# Seitenstreifen
## German
### Etymology

From Seite +‎ -n- +‎ Streifen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzaɪ̯tənˌʃtʁaɪ̯fnən/, /ˈzaɪ̯tn̩ˌʃtʁaɪ̯fn̩/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Sei‧ten‧strei‧fen

### Noun

Seitenstreifen m (strong, genitive Seitenstreifens, plural Seitenstreifen)
* (road transport, strictly) verge, road verge
    Synonym: Randstreifen
    Antonyms: Standstreifen, Standspur, befestigter Weg, Fahrbahn
* (road transport, colloquial) shoulder
    Synonyms: Standstreifen, Standspur, (Austria, Switzerland) Pannenstreifen
    Antonym: Fahrspur

#### Related terms

* Seitenwechsel, Seitensprung, Straßenseite
* Fußgängerstreifen, Fahrstreifen, Zebrastreifen

### Further reading

* “Seitenstreifen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Seitenstreifen” in Duden online
# קץ
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /qisˤ/
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /qesˤ/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ket͡s/

#### Noun

קֵץ • (kéts) m [pattern: קֵטֶל]
* An end, a finish.
** Tanach, Ezekiel 7:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:קֵץ בָּא בָּא הַקֵּץ הֵקִיץ אֵלָיִךְ הִנֵּה בָּאָה׃kets ba, ba hakets, hekits eláyikh hiné ba'a.An end is come, the end is come, it awaketh against thee; behold, it cometh.
** a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Pesachim 56a:בִּיקֵּשׁ יַעֲקֹב לְגַלּוֹת לְבָנָיו קֵץ הַיָּמִין, וְנִסְתַּלְּקָה מִמֶּנּוּ שְׁכִינָה.Bikésh Ya'akóv l'galót l'vanáv kéts hayamín, v'nistalká miménu sh'khiná.Jacob desired to reveal to his sons the end of days, but the Shechinah left him.

##### Derived terms

* אֵין קֵץ (én kéts)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

קָץ • (káts) (pa'al construction)
* to cut off
** Tanach, Deuteronomy 25:12, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:וְקַצֹּתָה אֶת כַּפָּהּ לֹא תָחוֹס עֵינֶךָthen thou shalt cut off her hand, thine eye shall have no pity.
# acotamiento
## Spanish
### Etymology

From acotar +‎ -miento.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /akotaˈmjento/ [a.ko.t̪aˈmjẽn̪.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ento
* Syllabification: a‧co‧ta‧mien‧to

### Noun

acotamiento m (plural acotamientos)
* (road transport, Mexico) hard shoulder, emergency lane (part of a road where drivers may stop in an emergency)
* marking off, fencing in, limiting

### Further reading

* “acotamiento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “acotamiento”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
* “acotamiento”, in Diccionario del español de México, Segunda edición, Academia Mexicana de la Lengua, 2019
# Eudemian
## English
### Adjective

Eudemian (not comparable)
* Of or relating to Eudemus of Rhodes, a pupil of Aristotle.
# faktiska
## Latvian
### Adjective

faktiska
* inflection of faktisks:
** genitive masculine singular
** nominative feminine singular

## Swedish
### Adjective

faktiska
* inflection of faktisk:
** definite singular
** plural
# vissaulainākajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

vissaulainākajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of vissaulaināks
# resi
## English
### Adjective

resi (not comparable)
* (real estate, property law) Clipping of residential.

### Noun

resi (uncountable)
* (real estate, property law) Clipping of residential real estate.

## Balinese
### Romanization

resi
* Romanization of ᬋᬱᬶ

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈre.zi]

### Verb

resi
* inflection of resar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹɛː⁵⁵ si²¹/, /ɹɛː⁵⁵ si³⁵/

### Noun

resi
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) resident of a hall

### References

* John Gibbons (1987) “Code-mixing and code choice : a Hong Kong case study”, in Multilingual Matters (in Chinese), page 66

## Indonesian
### Etymology 1

From Dutch reçu, from French reçu.

#### Pronunciation

* (standard, uncommon) IPA: [rəˈsi]
* (nonstandard, common) IPA: [rɛsi]
* Hyphenation: rê‧si

#### Noun

rêsi (plural resi-resi)
* receipt, a written acknowledgment that a specified article or sum of money has been received.
    Synonyms: bon, faktur, invois, kuitansi

##### Alternative forms

* resu

##### Derived terms

* resi bagasi
* resi mualim

### Etymology 2

From Malay resi, from Sanskrit ऋषि (ṛṣi).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rəˈsi]
* Hyphenation: rê‧si

#### Noun

rêsi (plural resi-resi)
* (archaic) sage.
    Synonym: petapa

### Etymology 3

From Malay resi, from Pali rasa, from Sanskrit रस (rasa). Doublet of raksa, raksi, and rasa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rəˈsi]
* Hyphenation: rê‧si

#### Noun

rêsi (plural resi-resi)
* (obsolete) fragrance

#### Adjective

rêsi
* (obsolete) fragrant
    Synonyms: harum, raksi, sedap, semerbak, wangi

### Further reading

* “resi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈre.zi/, (traditional) /ˈre.si/
* Rhymes: -ezi, (traditional) -esi
* Hyphenation: ré‧si

#### Verb

resi
* first-person singular past historic of rendere

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈre.zi/, (traditional) /ˈre.si/
* Rhymes: -ezi, (traditional) -esi
* Hyphenation: ré‧si

#### Participle

resi m pl
* masculine plural of reso

#### Noun

resi
* plural of reso (“return, restitution”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛ.zi/
* Rhymes: -ɛzi
* Hyphenation: rè‧si

#### Noun

resi
* plural of reso (“rhesus”)

### Anagrams

* Eris, IRES, ersi, rise, seri, sire

## Javanese
### Romanization

resi
* Romanization of ꦉꦱꦶ

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

resi (Cyrillic spelling реси)
* dative/locative singular of resa

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from English race.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

resi class X (plural only)
* races (competition of horses, cars, bicycles, etc)

#### See also

* mbio
# puoli-
## Finnish
### Etymology

< puoli (“half”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuo̯li-/, [ˈpuo̞̯li-]

### Prefix

puoli-
* half-, semi-, demi-
    Synonym: semi-

#### Derived terms

* puolimakaava
* puolimäessä
* puolimäestä
* puolimäkeen
* puolipolveen
* puolireidessä
* puolireiteen
* puoliselkään
* puoliselässä
* puolisointu
* puolisääreen
* puolisääressä
* puolisäärestä
* Puolitaival
* puolitalveen
* puolitalvessa
* puolitalvesta
* puolitankoon
* puolitiehen
* puolitiessä
* puolitiestä
* puoliuneen
* puolivaiheilla
* puolivaiheille
* puolivampyyri
# shukuru
## Swahili
### Etymology

From Arabic شُكْر (šukr, “thankfulness, gratitude”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-shukuru (infinitive kushukuru)
* to thank

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -shukuru :
| Positive present | -nashukuru |
| Subjunctive | -shukuru |
| Negative | -shukuru |
| Imperative singular | shukuru |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kushukuru |
| Negative | kutoshukuru |
Imperatives :
| Singular | shukuru |
| Plural | shukuruni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hushukuru |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lishukuru |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kushukuru |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tashukuru |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tashukuru |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sishukuru |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngeshukuru |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singeshukuru |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalishukuru |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalishukuru |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -meshukuru |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshashukuru |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jashukuru |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kishukuru |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -siposhukuru |
| Consecutive | kashukuru / positive subject concord + -kashukuru |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kashukuru |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Nominal derivations:
** ushukuru (“gratitude, thanks”)

#### Related terms

* shukrani

### References

* ↑ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 168 Nr. 1500
# alifu
## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic أَلَّفَ (ʔallafa).

#### Verb

-alifu (infinitive kualifu)
* to write a text

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of -alifu :
| Positive present | -naalifu |
| Subjunctive | -alifu |
| Negative | -alifu |
| Imperative singular | alifu |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kualifu |
| Negative | kutoalifu |
Imperatives :
| Singular | alifu |
| Plural | alifuni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hualifu |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lialifu |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kualifu |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -taalifu |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -taalifu |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sialifu |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngealifu |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singealifu |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalialifu |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalialifu |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mealifu |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshaalifu |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jaalifu |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kialifu |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipoalifu |
| Consecutive | kaalifu / positive subject concord + -kaalifu |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaalifu |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic أَلِف (ʔalif).

#### Noun

alifu class IX (plural alifu class X)
* alif (the first letter of the Arabic alphabet)
# alifu
## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic أَلَّفَ (ʔallafa).

#### Verb

-alifu (infinitive kualifu)
* to write a text

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of -alifu :
| Positive present | -naalifu |
| Subjunctive | -alifu |
| Negative | -alifu |
| Imperative singular | alifu |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kualifu |
| Negative | kutoalifu |
Imperatives :
| Singular | alifu |
| Plural | alifuni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hualifu |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lialifu |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kualifu |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -taalifu |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -taalifu |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sialifu |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngealifu |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singealifu |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalialifu |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalialifu |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mealifu |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshaalifu |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jaalifu |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kialifu |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipoalifu |
| Consecutive | kaalifu / positive subject concord + -kaalifu |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaalifu |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic أَلِف (ʔalif).

#### Noun

alifu class IX (plural alifu class X)
* alif (the first letter of the Arabic alphabet)

### References

* ↑ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 15 Nr. 82