# 廿

| 廿 | U+5EFF, &#24319; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EFF |
| ← 廾 [U+5EFE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 开 → [U+5F00] |

## Translingual
### Han character

廿 (Kangxi radical 55, 廾+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 廿 (T), four-corner 4477$_0$, composition ⿵卄一)

#### Derived characters

* 𣲟, 𨑬, 𥾰, 𧺧, 𧿰, 𠦜, 𣢓, 𩑪, 𠃟, 𣏼, 炗, 革, 㒼, 堇, 黃, 嬊, 㷼, 燕, 鷰, 卋, 𦬵, 𠂺, 𠀠, 枽
* 甘, 丗, 度, 席, 庹, 庶, 庻, 㢜, 𣂷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 353, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9586
* Dae Jaweon: page 668, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 59, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5EFF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 廿 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Two 十 ("ten") written side by side, with a horizontal stroke at the bottom that fuses them. See also 卅.
In characters such as 漢 and 黄, it represents an open mouth 口, while in 度 and 席 it actually represents a stylized rock 石.

### Etymology

The pronunciation in most dialects is a contraction of 二十 (èrshí) (Early Middle Chinese: *nyijH dzyip). The irregular pronunciation (e.g. /nVm/) dates back to the Song dynasty, to avoid homophony with a vulgar word; see 入 (rù) (now commonly written as 日 (rì) in dialects).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niàn (nian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jaa$^6$ / je$^6$ / jap$^6$ / nim$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngip$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): nĭk / niék / niêng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): jia̍p / lia̍p / jī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): riab$^8$ / rih$^8$ / niam$^6$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): yib$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$gnie; $^6$ne / $^6$gnie
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niàn
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^4$
*** Yale: nyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niann
*** Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jaa$^6$ / je$^6$ / jap$^6$ / nim$^6$
*** Yale: yah / yeh / yahp / nihm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jaa$^6$ / je$^6$ / jap$^9$ / nim$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ya$^6$ / yé$^6$ / yeb$^6$ / nim$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jaː²²/, /jɛː²²/, /jɐp̚²/, /niːm²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngip$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡip̚³²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nĭk / niék / niêng
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡiʔ⁵/, /nˡiɛʔ²⁴/, /nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/
* nĭk/niék - colloquial;
* niêng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: nyip
Rime :
| Character | 廿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (141) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 人執切 |
| Baxter | nyip |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵip̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiəp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njɯb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 廿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | niàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyip › |
| Old Chinese | /*n[ə]p/ |
| English | twenty (fused variant of 二十) (Sagart & Ma, 2020) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 廿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9487 |
| Phonetic component | 廿 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 入 |
| Old Chinese | /*njɯb/ |
| Notes | 二十合音，宋後音變讀念 |

### Definitions

廿
* twenty

#### Usage notes

* In Mandarin, 二十 (èrshí) is usually used. 廿 (niàn) is more commonly used in describing dates of the Chinese calendar.

#### Compounds

* 幾廿歲人 / 几廿岁人 (gei$^2$ jaa$^6$ seoi$^3$ jan$^4$) (Cantonese)
* 廿一 (niànyī)
* 廿七 (niànqī)
* 廿三 (niànsān)
* 廿九 (niànjiǔ)
* 廿二 (niàn'èr)
* 廿五 (niànwǔ)
* 廿八 (niànbā)
* 廿六 (niànliù)
* 廿四 (niànsì)
* 廿字頭 / 廿字头 (niànzìtóu)

#### See also

* 二十 (èrshí)
* 卅 (sà), 卌 (xì)

### References

* “廿”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* (dated) twenty

#### Readings

* Go-on: にゅう (nyū)
* Kan-on: じゅう (jū)
* Kun: にじゅう (nijū, 廿)、はたち (hatachi, 廿)

#### Compounds

* 廿(はつ)日(か) (hatsuka)
* 廿(はつ)日(か)市(いち) (Hatsukaichi)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 廿
* にじゅう Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi

#### Numeral

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū)
* (dated) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): twenty, 20

#### Noun

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū)
* (archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): a twenty-year-old

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 廿
* はたち Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi

#### Noun

廿(はたち) • (hatachi)
* (archaic) Alternative spelling of 二十歳 (hatachi): a twenty-year-old

#### Proper noun

廿(はたち) • (Hatachi)
* a surname

## Korean
### Hanja

廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip)) 廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip))
* twenty; twentieth

## Vietnamese
### Han character

廿: Hán Nôm readings: niệm, trấp, trập, nhập, chấp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.