# 罷

| 罷 | U+7F77, &#32631; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F77 |
| ← 罶 [U+7F76] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 罸 → [U+7F78] |

## Translingual
### Han character

罷 (Kangxi radical 122, 网+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 田中戈月心 (WLIBP), four-corner 6021$_1$, composition ⿱罒能)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 949, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28336
* Dae Jaweon: page 1390, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2924, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7F77

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 罷
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 擺 | *preːlʔ |
| 犤 | *breːl, *pral, *bral |
| 罷 | *breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ |
| 矲 | *breːlʔ |
| 羆 | *pral |
| 襬 | *pral, *pʰrals |
| 藣 | *pral, *prals |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 网 + 能 - catch a bear with a web. According to Shuowen Jiezi, it originally means "catch criminals"; according to Zhang Shunhui (張舜徽), it means "tired" with a reference to a bear being caught while tired after a chase. The web at the top of the character is well visible in its original version 𦋼.

### Etymology 1

Likely cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *N-bri¹/² (“full, complete”), whence Burmese ပြီ (pri, “to finish”) (STEDT).

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bà (ba$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pha
    (Hailu, HRS): pa$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bâ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ba$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pǎ / pā
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$bo; $^6$ba
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ba$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bà
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bà
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^4$
*** Yale: bà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^6$
*** Yale: bah
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha
*** Hakka Romanization System: pa
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰa⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: pa$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰa³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bâ
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ba$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pa²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǎ
*** Tâi-lô: pǎ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pa²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pā
*** Tâi-lô: pā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pa
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pa³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pa²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$bo; $^6$ba
*** MiniDict: bo$^去$; ba$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$bo; $^3$ba
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bo²³/, /ba²³/
* 3bo - 罷工;
* 3ba - 弗罷.
* Middle Chinese: bjeX, beaX
Rime :
| Character | 罷 | 罷 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 皮彼切 | 薄蟹切 |
| Baxter | bjeX | beaX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠiᴇ$^X$/ | /bˠɛ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚiɛ$^X$/ | /bᵚæ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɛ$^X$/ | /bæi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bjiə̆$^X$/ | /baɨj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bje$^X$/ | /bɛ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bǐe$^X$/ | /bai$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱie̯$^X$/ | /bʱai$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bì | bài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bei$^6$ | baai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤrajʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*breːlʔ/, /*bralʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 罷 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bà |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bɛ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]ˁrajʔ/ |
| English | stop, cease |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 罷 | 罷 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 169 | 179 |
| Phonetic component | 罷 | 罷 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 罷 | 被 |
| Old Chinese | /*breːlʔ/ | /*bralʔ/ |

##### Definitions

罷
* to cease; to finish; to stop
* to remove; to get rid of; to relieve
* to finish; to end; to be complete
* (Cantonese) Particle used to signify that one is fine with all the options given.
    去唔去都罷／去唔去都罢 [Cantonese] ― heoi$^3$ m$^4$ heoi$^3$ dou$^1$ baa$^6$ [Jyutping] ― Going or not, either way is fine.
* (Wenzhounese) Used at the end of a sentence to indicate a change of state or the beginning of an action.

###### Synonyms

* (to stop):
* 中斷 / 中断 (zhōngduàn)
* 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
* 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
* 停 (tíng)
* 停歇 (tíngxiē)
* 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
* 夭閼 / 夭阏 (yǎo'è)
* 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
* 放煞 (Min Nan)
* 斷站 / 断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 斷節 / 断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 暫停 / 暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
* 歇 (xiē)
* 止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
* 止息 (zhǐxī)
* 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 瀦 / 潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 煞 (Hokkien)
* 煞手 (Hokkien)
* 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
* 終止 / 终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
* 絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
* 罷休 / 罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
* 罷手 / 罢手 (bàshǒu)
* 間斷 / 间断
* 須 / 须 (xū) (literary)
* 頓 / 顿
* (to remove):
* 免
* 免除 (miǎnchú)
* 刷 (colloquial)
* 削 (literary, or in compounds)
* 削除 (xuēchú)
* 去掉 (qùdiào)
* 去除 (qùchú)
* 報銷 / 报销 (bàoxiāo) (figurative, humorous)
* 屏除 (bǐngchú)
* 廓清 (kuòqīng)
* 打掉 (dǎdiào)
* 掃 / 扫
* 排解 (páijiě)
* 掃除 / 扫除 (sǎochú) (figurative)
* 排除 (páichú)
* 摒除 (bìngchú)
* 撤 (chè)
* 撤除 (chèchú)
* 消 (xiāo)
* 消弭 (xiāomǐ) (literary)
* 消解 (xiāojiě)
* 消釋 / 消释 (xiāoshì) (figurative)
* 消除 (xiāochú)
* 淘汰 (táotài)
* 清洗 (qīngxǐ) (figurative)
* 清除 (qīngchú)
* 破 (pò) (literary, or in compounds)
* 破壞 / 破坏 (pòhuài)
* 破除 (pòchú)
* 祛除 (qūchú)
* 翦落 (jiǎnluò) (literary)
* 肅清 / 肃清 (sùqīng)
* 蕩 / 荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 解釋 / 解释 (jiěshì) (archaic)
* 解除 (jiěchú)
* 鋤 / 锄 (chú)
* 鏟除 / 铲除 (chǎnchú)
* 除
* 除去 (chúqù)
* 除忒 (Hakka)
* 除掉 (chúdiào)
* 除開 / 除开 (chúkāi)
* 革除 (géchú)
* 驅散 / 驱散 (qūsàn)
* 驅走 / 驱走 (qūzǒu)
* 驅除 / 驱除 (qūchú)
* (to finish):
* 了卻 / 了却 (liǎoquè)
* 了斷 / 了断 (liǎoduàn)
* 了結 / 了结 (liǎojié)
* 交代 (jiāodài) (humorous)
* 告終 / 告终 (gàozhōng)
* 完了 (wánliǎo)
* 完畢 / 完毕 (wánbì)
* 完結 / 完结 (wánjié)
* 收兵 (shōubīng) (figurative)
* 收場 / 收场 (shōuchǎng)
* 收束 (shōushù)
* 煞 (Hokkien)
* 煞事 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 終 / 终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 結 / 结
* 結束 / 结束 (jiéshù)
* 結絕 / 结绝 (jiéjué) (literary)
* 結腳 / 结脚 (jie$^2$ juo$^2$) (Sichuanese)

##### Compounds

* 九朽一罷 / 九朽一罢
* 也罷 / 也罢 (yěbà)
* 乾罷 / 干罢
* 作罷 / 作罢 (zuòbà)
* 便罷 / 便罢
* 停罷 / 停罢
* 半塗而罷 / 半涂而罢
* 告老打罷 / 告老打罢
* 善罷干休
* 善罷甘休 / 善罢甘休 (shànbàgānxiū)
* 報罷 / 报罢
* 官罷 / 官罢
* 就此罷手 / 就此罢手
* 干罷
* 撇罷 / 撇罢
* 斥罷 / 斥罢
* 更待干罷
* 欲罷不能 / 欲罢不能 (yùbàbùnéng)
* 海瑞罷官 / 海瑞罢官
* 畢罷 / 毕罢
* 經濟罷工 / 经济罢工
* 罷了 / 罢了
* 罷亞 / 罢亚
* 罷休 / 罢休 (bàxiū)
* 罷免 / 罢免 (bàmiǎn)
* 罷免權 / 罢免权 (bàmiǎnquán)
* 罷兵 / 罢兵 (bàbīng)
* 罷官 / 罢官 (bàguān)
* 罷崗 / 罢岗
* 罷工 / 罢工 (bàgōng)
* 罷市 / 罢市 (bàshì)
* 罷戰 / 罢战 (bàzhàn)
* 罷手 / 罢手 (bàshǒu)
* 罷收 / 罢收
* 罷教 / 罢教
* 罷斥 / 罢斥
* 罷職 / 罢职 (bàzhí)
* 罷課 / 罢课 (bàkè)
* 罷退 / 罢退
* 罷閒 / 罢闲
* 罷駛 / 罢驶
* 罷麼 / 罢么
* 罷黜 / 罢黜 (bàchù)
* 選罷法 / 选罢法
* 黜罷 / 黜罢

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pí (pi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pí
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pí
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^2$
*** Yale: pí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pei$^4$
*** Yale: pèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: péi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰei̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: bje
Rime :
| Character | 罷 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符羈切 |
| Baxter | bje |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bjiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /bje/ |
| Wang Li | /bǐe/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pei$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]raj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bral/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 罷 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bje › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]raj/ |
| English | wear out, exhaust |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 罷 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 177 |
| Phonetic component | 罷 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 皮 |
| Old Chinese | /*bral/ |

##### Definitions

罷
* Alternative form of 疲 (pí, “tired; exhausted; weak”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) immoral
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to fail

##### Compounds

* 罷勞 / 罢劳
* 罷士 / 罢士
* 罷女 / 罢女
* 罷弊 / 罢弊
* 罷散 / 罢散
* 罷敝 / 罢敝
* 罷於奔命 / 罢于奔命
* 罷癃 / 罢癃
* 罷軟 / 罢软

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǐ (bi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǐ
*** Wade–Giles: pi$^3$
*** Yale: bǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bii
*** Palladius: би (bi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

罷
* (obsolete) to banish
* (obsolete) to scatter
* a surname

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǎi, bà (bai$^3$, ba$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ, ㄅㄚˋ
* Eastern Min (BUC): bâ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǎi
*** Wade–Giles: pai$^3$
*** Yale: bǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bae
*** Palladius: бай (baj)
*** Sinological IPA : /paɪ̯²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bà
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bà
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^4$
*** Yale: bà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bâ
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑ²⁴²/

#### Definitions

罷
* (chiefly Eastern Min) Alternative form of 爸, used in 郎罷／郎罢 (“father”).

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罷 – see 吧 (“final particle”). (This character is a variant form of 吧).

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罷 – see 羆 (“brown bear”). (This character is a variant form of 羆).

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 罷 – see 副 (“to split open”). (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 副).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “罷”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03211

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to tire
* to stop
* to quit
* to leave, to withdraw
* to go

#### Readings

* Go-on: び (bi)、べ (be)
* Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)、はい (hai)
* Kun: やめる (yameru, 罷める)、つかれる (tsukareru, 罷れる)、まかる (makaru, 罷る)

#### Compounds

* 罷業(ひぎょう) (higyō)
* 罷倦(ひけん) (hiken)
* 罷工(ひこう) (hikō)
* 罷市(ひし) (hishi)
* 罷職(ひしょく) (hishoku)
* 罷馬(ひば) (hiba)
* 罷弊(ひへい) (hihei)
* 罷免(ひめん) (himen)
* 罷憊(ひはい) (hihai)
* 倦罷(けんぴ) (kenpi)
* 請罷(せいひ) (seihi)
* 廃罷(はいひ) (haihi)

## Korean
### Hanja

罷 • (pa, pi) (hangeul 파, 피)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

罷: Hán Nôm readings: bãi, bảy, bời, bởi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.