# ده
## Egyptian Arabic
### Alternative forms

* دا (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

From Arabic ذَا (ḏā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /da/, [dæ(h)]

### Determiner

ده • (da) m (feminine دي (di), plural دول (dōl))
* (demonstrative) this, that
    قريت الكتاب ده ― ʔarēt il-kitāb da ― I read this book

### Pronoun

ده • (da) m (feminine دي (di), plural دول (dōl))
* (demonstrative) this, that
    ده كتاب ― da ktāb ― This is a book

### Suffix

ـده • (-da) m (feminine ـدي (-di))
* Suffixes sometimes attached after singular definite nouns that mean time-periods or units of time to mean the current, or the upcoming time period or unit; with respect to gender: this, to-
    ‎النهار (in-nahār, “daytime”) + ‎ـدا → ‎النهارده (in-naharda, “today”)
    ‎السنة (is-sana, “the year”) + ‎ـدي → ‎السنادي (is-sanādi, “this year”)

## Gilaki
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

### Numeral

ده (da)
* ten

## Mazanderani
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

### Numeral

ده (da)
* ten

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ASLYA /⁠dah⁠/), from Old Persian *daθa, from Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [dah]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪äʱ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪äʱ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪æʱ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪äʱ]

#### Numeral

ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)
* ten

##### Related terms

* ده هزار (dah hezâr)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /⁠deh⁠/, “village”), from Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /⁠dahạyau⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”). Compare Old Armenian դեհ (deh), an Iranian borrowing.

#### Alternative forms

* دیه (dih)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [dih]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪e̞ʱ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪e̞ʱ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ɪ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪i]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪eʱ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪eʱ]

#### Noun

ده • (deh) (plural ده‌ها (deh-hâ) or دهات (dehât))
* village
    Synonyms: روستا (rustâ), قریه (qarye, qariye)

##### Derived terms

* دهات (dehât, “countryside”)
* دهخدا (deh-xodâ, “sheriff, village leader”)
* دهقان (dehqân, “farmer, landlord”)
* دهچه (dehče, “peasant”)
* دهک (dehak, “hamlet”)
* دهکده (deh-kade, “small village”)

##### Descendants

* → Gujarati: દિહ (dih)
* → Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [dih]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪e̞ʱ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪e̞ʱ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪eʱ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪eʱ]
** (Tehrani) IPA: [d̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪eʱ]

#### Verb

ده • (deh)
* present stem of دادن (dâdan, “to give”)

#### References

* ↑ Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2010) “Indo-Iranian I: Indic”, in Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, 2nd edition, page 203

### Etymology 4

See در (dar)

#### Pronunciation

* (colloquial Dari)
** (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ä]

#### Preposition

ده • (da)
* (Kabuli, Hazaragi) Colloquial spelling of در (dar, “in, at, within, among”)

## Sindhi
### Numeral

ده • (daha)
* ten