# -ина
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈina]

### Suffix

-ина • (-ina)
* Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun.
    ‎ѕид m (dzid) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎ѕидина f (dzidina)
    ‎без (bez, “without”) + ‎ветер m (veter, “wind”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎безветрина f (bezvetrina, “windlessness”)
    ‎густ (gust, “thick, dense”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎густина f (gustina, “density”)

#### Derived terms
## Russian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

#### Pronunciation

* -ина: IPA: [ʲɪnə]
* -и́на: IPA: [ˈʲinə]

#### Suffix

-ина or -и́на • (-ina or -ína)
* suffix appended to nouns to form concrete nouns having the quality of the original noun
    ‎верх (verx, “top, upper part”) + ‎-и́на (-ína) → ‎верши́на (veršína, “peak, summit”)
* -age; suffix appended to verbs to form a noun denoting a result
    ‎проби́ть (probítʹ, “to break through, to pierce”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎пробо́ина (probóina, “hole, breach”)
* suffix appended to mass nouns to form a noun denoting an individual item
    ‎горо́х (goróx, “peas, pease”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎горо́шина (goróšina, “a pea”)
    ‎же́мчуг (žémčug, “pearl (as a material), pearls”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎жемчу́жина (žemčúžina, “a pearl”)
* suffix appended to nouns or adjectives to form a noun denoting a kind of meat
    ‎бара́н (barán, “ram, sheep”) + ‎-ина (-ina) → ‎бара́нина (baránina, “mutton, lamb”)
    ‎свинья́ (svinʹjá, “pig, hog”) + ‎-и́на (-ína) → ‎свини́на (svinína, “pork”)
* suffix forming an augmentative, usually informal
    ‎дом (dom, “house”) + ‎-и́на (-ína) → ‎доми́на (domína, “huge house”)

##### Usage notes

* This suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of final velar consonants.

##### Derived terms
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʲɪˈna]

#### Suffix

-ина́ • (-iná)
* -ness, -th; suffix appended to adjectives to form a (usually abstract) noun denoting a state or quality
    ‎глубо́кий (glubókij, “deep”) + ‎-ина́ (-iná) → ‎глубина́ (glubiná, “depth”)
    ‎то́лстый (tólstyj, “thick, fat”) + ‎-ина́ (-iná) → ‎толщина́ (tolščiná, “thickness”)
    ‎це́лый (célyj, “whole, intact”) + ‎-ина́ (-iná) → ‎целина́ (celiná, “virgin land, unbroken expanse”)

##### Usage notes

* This suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of final velar consonants.

##### Derived terms
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

### Suffix

-ина (Latin spelling -ina)
* Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting salary, tax or fee.
* Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually denoting an object or kind of meat
* Suffix appended to noun roots to form an augmentative (the resulting noun is always feminine) frequently with pejorative connotation .

#### Derived terms
### See also

* -арина
* -енина

## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* -їна (-jina) (used for endings in -й)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina f.

#### Pronunciation

* -ина: IPA: [ enɐ]
* -и́на: IPA: [ ˈɪnɐ]

#### Suffix

-ина or -и́на • (-yna or -ýna) f
* suffix appended to nouns to form concrete nouns having the quality of the original noun
    ‎верх (verx, “top, upper part”) + ‎-и́на (-ýna) → ‎верши́на (veršýna, “peak, summit”)
* -age; suffix appended to verbs to form a noun denoting a result
    ‎проби́ти (probýty, “to break through, to pierce”) + ‎-ина (-yna) → ‎пробоїна (probojina, “hole, breach”)
* suffix appended to mass nouns to form a noun denoting an individual item
    ‎пе́рли (pérly, “pearl (as a material), pearls”) + ‎-ина (-yna) → ‎перли́на (perlýna, “a pearl”)
* suffix appended to nouns or adjectives to form a noun denoting a kind of meat
    ‎бара́н (barán, “ram, sheep”) + ‎-ина (-yna) → ‎бара́нина (barányna, “mutton, lamb”)
* Forms names of geographical locations:
    Country or state names:
       Німеччина (Nimeččyna, “Germany”)
* suffix forming an augmentative, usually informal
    ‎бігання (bihannja, “running”) + ‎-и́на (-ýna) → ‎бігани́на (bihanýna, “huge running”)

##### Usage notes

* This suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of final velar consonants.

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ina.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ eˈna]

#### Suffix

-ина́ • (-yná) f
* -ness, -th; suffix appended to adjectives to form a (usually abstract) noun denoting a state or quality
    ‎глибо́кий (hlybókyj, “deep”) + ‎-ина́ (-yná) → ‎глибина́ (hlybyná, “depth”)
    ‎то́встий (tóvstyj, “thick, fat”) + ‎-ина́ (-yná) → ‎товщина́ (tovščyná, “thickness”)
    ‎цілий (cilyj, “whole, intact”) + ‎-ина́ (-yná) → ‎цілина́ (cilyná, “virgin land, unbroken expanse”)

##### Usage notes

* This suffix triggers the Slavic first palatalization of final velar consonants.

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

From -ин (-yn) +‎ -а (-a)

#### Suffix

-ина́ • (-yná) f (variant -їна)
* female equivalent of -ин (-yn)