# hie
## English
### Alternative forms

* heye, high (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English hien, hyen, highen, heiȝen, hiȝen, from Old English hīgian (“to hie, hasten, strive”), from Proto-West Germanic *hīgōn, from Proto-Germanic *hīgōną (“to breathe, snort”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱēygʰ- (“swift, fierce, violent”).
Cognate with Dutch hijgen (“to pant”), German heichen (“to choke, gasp for breath”), Danish hige (“to aspire, long”), Latin cieō (“set in motion, invoke, provoke”), Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “move, set in motion”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haɪ/
* Rhymes: -aɪ
* Homophones: hi, Hi, high

### Verb

hie (third-person singular simple present hies, present participle hying or hieing, simple past and past participle hied)
* (intransitive, poetic) To hasten; to go quickly, to hurry.
** 1605, “Rest Sweet Nymphs”, Francis Pilkington (music):Hath pleased you, and eased you, and sweet slumber seized you. And now to bed I hie.
** 1717, William Congreve, Samuel Croxall, John Dryden, Laurence Eusden, John Ozell, “Book X”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:The youth, returning to his mistress, hies.
* (reflexive, poetic) To hurry (oneself).
** c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:My husband hies him home.
** 1906, O. Henry, A Cosmopolite in a Café:Some have conjectured hastily that all Southerners in town hie themselves to cafés at nightfall.

#### Usage notes

Unlike most reflexive verbs, “hie” generally takes the simple object pronouns rather than the reflexive pronouns. Thus “we hied us” and “hie you,” rather than “we hied ourselves” and “hie yourself.” This peculiarity most likely arises from a sense that the poetic connotations of “hie” accord well with the archaic practice of using object pronouns with reflexive verbs.

#### Translations
### Interjection

hie
* (dialect) A call to turn a horse to the left.
    Antonym: hup
    Coordinate terms: gee, haw

### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “hie”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* “hy, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
* “hie | hy, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Anagrams

* hei

## Albanian
### Noun

hie f (plural hie, definite hia, definite plural hiet)
* Alternative form of hije

## Finnish
### Etymology

hioa (“to grind, sand, polish”) +‎ -e

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhie̯ˣ/, [ˈhie̞̯(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ie
* Hyphenation: hie

### Noun

hie
* microsection (extremely thin slice of stone, metal or other hard material prepared for microscopic inspection)
* (rare) the quality of grinding, degree of sharpness
    Kirveen terä on hyvässä hieessä.
       The blade of the ax is well ground. (i.e. sharp)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of hie (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hieeni
hieeni
accusative
nom.
hieeni
hieeni
gen.
hieeni
genitive
hieeni
hieideni hieitteni
partitive
hiettäni
hieitäni
inessive
hieessäni
hieissäni
elative
hieestäni
hieistäni
illative
hieeseeni
hieisiini hieihini
adessive
hieelläni
hieilläni
ablative
hieeltäni
hieiltäni
allative
hieelleni
hieilleni
essive
hieenäni
hieinäni
translative
hieekseni
hieikseni
abessive
hieettäni
hieittäni
instructive
comitative
—hieineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hieesi
hieesi
accusative
nom.
hieesi
hieesi
gen.
hieesi
genitive
hieesi
hieidesi hieittesi
partitive
hiettäsi
hieitäsi
inessive
hieessäsi
hieissäsi
elative
hieestäsi
hieistäsi
illative
hieeseesi
hieisiisi hieihisi
adessive
hieelläsi
hieilläsi
ablative
hieeltäsi
hieiltäsi
allative
hieellesi
hieillesi
essive
hieenäsi
hieinäsi
translative
hieeksesi
hieiksesi
abessive
hieettäsi
hieittäsi
instructive
comitative
—hieinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hieemme
hieemme
accusative
nom.
hieemme
hieemme
gen.
hieemme
genitive
hieemme
hieidemme hieittemme
partitive
hiettämme
hieitämme
inessive
hieessämme
hieissämme
elative
hieestämme
hieistämme
illative
hieeseemme
hieisiimme hieihimme
adessive
hieellämme
hieillämme
ablative
hieeltämme
hieiltämme
allative
hieellemme
hieillemme
essive
hieenämme
hieinämme
translative
hieeksemme
hieiksemme
abessive
hieettämme
hieittämme
instructive
comitative
—hieinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hieenne
hieenne
accusative
nom.
hieenne
hieenne
gen.
hieenne
genitive
hieenne
hieidenne hieittenne
partitive
hiettänne
hieitänne
inessive
hieessänne
hieissänne
elative
hieestänne
hieistänne
illative
hieeseenne
hieisiinne hieihinne
adessive
hieellänne
hieillänne
ablative
hieeltänne
hieiltänne
allative
hieellenne
hieillenne
essive
hieenänne
hieinänne
translative
hieeksenne
hieiksenne
abessive
hieettänne
hieittänne
instructive
comitative
—hieinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hieensä
hieensä
accusative
nom.
hieensä
hieensä
gen.
hieensä
genitive
hieensä
hieidensä hieittensä
partitive
hiettään hiettänsä
hieitään hieitänsä
inessive
hieessään hieessänsä
hieissään hieissänsä
elative
hieestään hieestänsä
hieistään hieistänsä
illative
hieeseensä
hieisiinsä hieihinsä
adessive
hieellään hieellänsä
hieillään hieillänsä
ablative
hieeltään hieeltänsä
hieiltään hieiltänsä
allative
hieelleen hieellensä
hieilleen hieillensä
essive
hieenään hieenänsä
hieinään hieinänsä
translative
hieekseen hieeksensä
hieikseen hieiksensä
abessive
hieettään hieettänsä
hieittään hieittänsä
instructive
comitative
—hieineen hieinensä :

#### Synonyms

* (degree of sharpness): terä

### Further reading

* “hie”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* hei

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch heie, related to the verb heien (“to drive into the ground”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: y, hies, hient

### Noun

hie f (plural hies)
* stamping/ramming rod

#### Related terms

* hier

### Further reading

* “hie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German hie, hī, from Old High German hia, alternative form of hiar, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiː/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

hie
* (archaic) Alternative form of hier (“here”)

#### Usage notes

* The form is still used in the literary expression hie und da, alongside normal hier und da.

#### Derived terms

* hiebei
* hiedurch
* hiefür
* hiegegen
* hieher
* hienach
* hieoben
* hiesig
* hieunten
* hievon

## Hunsrik
### Etymology

From Middle High German hie, from Old High German hiar, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiː/

### Adverb

hie
* here
    Er is fun hie.He is from here.

#### Synonyms

* do
* hier

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Manx
### Etymology

From Old Irish (du)·choaid, lenited form of du·coaid, perfect tense of téit (“to go”). Cognate with Irish chuaigh, Scottish Gaelic chaidh, and Classical Gaelic do-chuaidh.

### Verb

hie
* past of immee

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronoun

hie
* Alternative form of he (“he”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

hie
* (chiefly southern East Midland dialectal) Alternative form of ye (“ye”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronoun

hie
* Alternative form of heo (“she”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronoun

hie
* Alternative form of he (“they”)

### Etymology 5
#### Verb

hie
* Alternative form of hyen

## Middle Low German
### Pronunciation

* Stem vowel: ê⁴
** IPA: /hiə/, /hiɛ/

### Pronoun

hie
* Alternative form of hê.

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From earlier hē, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz.

### Pronoun

hie
* he

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: hi
** Dutch: hij, ie
** Limburgish: hae

### Further reading

* “hi”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* hī, hīġ, hȳ
* ᚻᛁᚫ (hiæ) — Franks Casket

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xi͜yː/, [hi͜yː], /ˈxiː.e/, [ˈhiː.e]

### Etymology 1

Reflecting an earlier regularised form of *hijai, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hīz (“these, these ones”), masculine plural of *hiz.

#### Pronoun

hīe (accusative hīe, genitive heora, dative him)
* they
** 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 30‎:Þonne iċ mec onhebbe ond hī onhnīgaþ tō mē, moniġe mid miltse, þǣr iċ monnum sceal īċan upcyme ēadiġnesse.When I raise myself up and they bow down to me, many with mercy, then I shall increase rising of happiness for men.

##### Usage notes

* Metrical evidence from poetry, etymology, and the occurrence of the hīe spelling in dialects that lacked the ie/īe diphthong (which was exclusive to the Early West Saxon dialect) indicate that the īe sequence in this word was originally not a diphthong, but pronounced phonetically as two separate vowels in hiatus, as per the second pronunciation above. This is also true of a few other words, like the present subjunctive forms of the verb wesan, sīe and sīen. The sequence must have merged with the diphthong in the later stages of the West Saxon dialect, resulting in the first pronunciation above, however, as the expected outcomes of the Early West Saxon diphthong in the Late West Saxon dialect (where it monophthongised to either /i(ː)/ or /y(ː)/) are reflected in later spellings like hī and hȳ.

##### Declension

| | | | nominative | accusative | dative | genitive |
| singular | first person | first person | iċ | mē, mec | mē | mīn |
| singular | second person | second person | þū | þē, þec | þē | þīn |
| singular | third person | neuter | hit | hit | him | his |
| singular | third person | masculine | hē | hine | him | his |
| singular | third person | feminine | hēo | hīe | hire | hire |
| dual | first person | first person | wit | unc, uncit | unc | uncer |
| dual | second person | second person | ġit | inc, incit | inc | incer |
| plural | first person | first person | wē | ūs, ūsiċ | ūs | ūre, ūser |
| plural | second person | second person | ġē | ēow, ēowiċ | ēow | ēower |
| plural | third person | third person | hīe | hīe | him | heora |

##### Descendants

* Middle English: he
** Yola: hi, h'

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

hīe
* accusative of hēo: her

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian hī. Cognates include West Frisian hy and Dutch hij.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi/
* Hyphenation: hie
* Rhymes: -i

### Pronoun

hie (oblique him)
* he

#### See also
### References

* Marron C. Fort (2015) “hie”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

## Scots
### Noun

hie (uncountable)
* (obsolete) Haste; diligence.
** a. 1500, “The Taill of Rauf Coilyear”, in David Laing, editor, Select Remains of the Ancient Popular Poetry of Scotland, Edinburgh: Balfour and Clarke, published 1822, page 44:Of his harnes in hy, he hynt withoutin hone / And in ane Rob him arrayit richeſt of ane(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1513, Virgil, translated by Gavin Douglas, edited by John Small, Aeneid [The Bukes of Eneados of the Famose Poete Virgill], Edinburgh: William Paterson, published 1874, pages 87–88:With thir wourdis he answerd me in hy: / The latter day is cumin of Dardanis end, / The fatale tyme quam na waling ma mend;(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1572, Robert Sempill, “The Lamentatioun of Lady Scotland, &c.”, in The Sempill Ballates, Edinburgh: Thomas George Stevenson, published 1872, page 170:Quhilk quhen thay saw, with speid thay ran in hy, […]Which when they saw, wih speed they ran in haste
** a. 1597, Alexander Montgomery, edited by David Irving, The Poems of Alexander Montgomery, Edinburgh: James Ballantyne and Co., published 1821, page 168:The quhilk but dowt wil be my deid / In hy, / For every man obtenis remeid, / Bot I.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## Yola
### Adjective

hie
* Alternative form of heigh
** 1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 18:Nich th' hie thoras o' Culpake.[Nigh to the high thorns of Colepeak.]

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 18