# symptom
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”), from stem of συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + πίπτω (píptō, “I fall”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɪm(p)təm/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: symp‧tom

### Noun

symptom (plural symptoms)
* (medicine) A perceived change in some function, sensation or appearance of a person that indicates a disease or disorder, such as fever, headache or rash; strictly, a symptom is felt or experienced by the patient, while a sign can be detected by an observer.
    Swollen breasts, morning sickness, and a missed period are classic symptoms of pregnancy.
* (figuratively) A signal; anything that indicates, or is characteristic of, the presence of something else, especially of something undesirable.
    Lying, hiding one's true feelings, and having affairs are typical symptoms of a doomed marriage.
** 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 114–115:"Nay, nay," exclaimed Lord Norbourne, "I cannot go quite so far as that. I have, thanks to your hospitality, laid in a stock of health enough for the ensuing winter: but as to the general benevolence of which you talk, I confess I find no symptoms: if I did, they would alarm me more than those of the gout."
** 2009, Charles Zastrow, Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare:Some people see birth outside of marriage as a social problem—a sign of a breakdown in the traditional family and a symptom of moral decay.

#### Synonyms

* indication
* manifestation
* sign, signal
* See also Thesaurus:symptom

#### Antonyms

* Treatment of symptoms versus treatment of cause

#### Derived terms

* BLIPS
* cardinal symptom
* monosodium glutamate symptom complex
* MSG symptom complex
* Pratt's symptom
* rational symptom
* somatic symptom disorder
* symptomatology
* symptom journal
* symptomless
* Uhthoff's symptom
* withdrawal symptom

#### Related terms

* asymptomatic
* asymptote
* symptomatic

#### Further reading

* “symptom”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “symptom”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Symptom from Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”), from stem of συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + πίπτω (píptō, “I fall”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɪmptom]
* IPA: [ˈsɪmptoːm]

### Noun

symptom m inan
* symptom
    Synonym: příznak

#### Related terms

* symptomatický

### References

* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “symptom”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

### Further reading

* “symptom”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “symptom”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “symptom”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Noun

symptom n (singular definite symptomet, plural indefinite symptomer)
* symptom

#### Derived terms

* symptomfri

#### Related terms

* symptomatisk

### References

* “symptom” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “chance, casualty; symptom”), from συμπίπτω (sumpíptō, “Ι befall”) (with the suffix, -μα (-ma), from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥), from both συν- (sun-, “with, together”), from σύν (sún, “beside, with”), from Proto-Indo-European *som-, from *sem- (“together, one”), or possibly from *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”), from *ḱe + and from πίπτω (píptō, “to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *pípth₂-, from *peth₂- (“to spread out, fly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʏmpˈtuːm/
* Rhymes: -uːm
* Hyphenation: symp‧tom

### Noun

symptom n (definite singular symptomet, indefinite plural symptom or symptomer, definite plural symptoma or symptomene)
* symptom

#### Derived terms

* abstinenssymptom

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

symptom n (definite singular symptomet, indefinite plural symptom, definite plural symptoma)
* symptom

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French symptôme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɘm.ptɔm/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘmptɔm
* Syllabification: sym‧ptom

### Noun

symptom m inan
* (literary, medicine) symptom (something that indicates a disease or disorder)
    Synonyms: objaw, zwiastun
* (figurative, literary) symptom (indicator of something)
    Synonyms: objaw, oznaka, przejaw, sygnał, symptomat

#### Declension
### Further reading

* symptom in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* symptom in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Etymology

In the Swedish language since 1730. From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “a happening, accident, symptom of disease”).

### Noun

symptom n
* Dated form of symtom (“symptom”).