# 產

| 產 | U+7522, &#29986; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7522 |
| ← 甡 [U+7521] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 産 → [U+7523] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 產 |
| Simplified | 产 |
| Japanese | 産 |
| Korean | 産 |

### Han character

產 (Kangxi radical 100, 生+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹竹手一 (YHHQM), four-corner 0021$_4$, composition ⿱文⿸厂生)

#### Derived characters

* 嵼 㦃 摌 滻 隡 㯆 㹌 䐮 𨄉 鏟 䊲 剷 簅 虄

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 755, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21684
* Dae Jaweon: page 1165, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2577, character 15
* Unihan data for U+7522

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 產 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sŋreːnʔ): abbreviated phonetic 彥 (OC *ŋrans) + semantic 生 (“to be born”).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *srjal (“to breed; to bring up”), whence Tibetan སྲེལ (srel, “to bring up; to rear”).
Schuessler (2007) notes that this word is equally likely to have been Austroasiatic in origin. Compare Khmer សំរាល (sɑmraal, “to give birth”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): chǎn (chan$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): can$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): caan$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): can$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): can$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sán
    (Hailu, HRS): san$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): san$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): can$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): sǔing
* Eastern Min (BUC): sāng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sang$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sán / sóaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): suan$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshe
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): can$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chǎn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^3$
*** Yale: chǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaan
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: can$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: can
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰan⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caan$^2$
*** Yale: cháan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: can$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːn³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: can$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: can$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰan²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sán
*** Hakka Romanization System: san$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: san$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /san³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: san$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /san²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: san$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /san³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: can$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰæ̃⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sǔing
*** Sinological IPA : /suiŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sāng
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sang$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sâng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬaŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sang$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬaŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sán
*** Tâi-lô: sán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sarn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /san⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /san⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /san⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sóaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: suánn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svoar
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /suã⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /suã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /suã⁵³/
* sán - literary;
* sóaⁿ - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit產 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰan²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰã⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰã⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sʰã⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sʰã⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ̃n⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰan⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sʰan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sʰan⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰã̠⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰæ̃²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰæ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰæ̃⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰe³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sʰe̞⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sʰẽ̞⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sʰa³⁵/ 新 /sa³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰɛ³⁵/ /sɛ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰɔ³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰan⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡sʰan⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰan²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /san³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /sɑn³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰan³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰan³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sʰan³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /san⁵³/ /suã⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /saŋ³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /suiŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /suã⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /saŋ²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: sreanX
Rime :
| Character | 產 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 山 (73) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所簡切 |
| Baxter | sreanX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃæn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɛn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃæn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂăn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saan$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ŋrarʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sŋreːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 產 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srɛn$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-ŋrarʔ/ |
| English | bear (v.), produce |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 產 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14399 |
| Phonetic component | 彦 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 産 |
| Old Chinese | /*sŋreːnʔ/ |

### Definitions

產
* to give birth; to bring forth
* to produce (naturally)
* to make; to manufacture
* produced or manufactured item; product; produce
* property; wealth; premises
* a surname, Chan

### Compounds

* 丁產 / 丁产
* 不事生產 / 不事生产
* 不動產 / 不动产 (bùdòngchǎn)
* 不視生產 / 不视生产
* 中產 / 中产 (zhōngchǎn)
* 中產階級 / 中产阶级 (zhōngchǎn jiējí)
* 中間產品 / 中间产品
* 乾產 / 干产
* 事產 / 事产
* 人工流產 / 人工流产 (réngōng liúchǎn)
* 修置產室 / 修置产室
* 停產 / 停产 (tíngchǎn)
* 傾家盡產 / 倾家尽产
* 傾家竭產 / 倾家竭产
* 傾家蕩產 / 倾家荡产 (qīngjiādàngchǎn)
* 催產 / 催产 (cuīchǎn)
* 全能生產 / 全能生产
* 公有財產 / 公有财产 (gōngyǒu cáichǎn)
* 公產 / 公产 (gōngchǎn)
* 共同財產 / 共同财产
* 共產 / 共产 (gòngchǎn)
* 共產主義 / 共产主义 (gòngchǎn zhǔyì)
* 共產國家 / 共产国家
* 共產國際 / 共产国际 (Gòngchǎn Guójì)
* 共產宣言 / 共产宣言
* 共產集團 / 共产集团
* 共產黨 / 共产党 (gòngchǎndǎng)
* 出產 / 出产 (chūchǎn)
* 剖腹生產 / 剖腹生产
* 副產品 / 副产品 (fùchǎnpǐn)
* 助產 / 助产 (zhùchǎn)
* 助產士 / 助产士 (zhùchǎnshì)
* 助產婆 / 助产婆
* 動產 / 动产 (dòngchǎn)
* 同產 / 同产
* 名產 / 名产 (míngchǎn)
* 嗣產 / 嗣产
* 固定資產 / 固定资产 (gùdìng zīchǎn)
* 國有財產 / 国有财产
* 國產 / 国产 (guóchǎn)
* 國產品 / 国产品
* 國產車 / 国产车
* 土產 / 土产 (tǔchǎn)
* 地產 / 地产 (dìchǎn)
* 坐產招夫 / 坐产招夫
* 增產 / 增产 (zēngchǎn)
* 天產 / 天产 (tiānchǎn)
* 奴產子 / 奴产子
* 婦產科 / 妇产科 (fùchǎnkē)
* 子產 / 子产
* 定產 / 定产 (dìngchǎn)
* 官產 / 官产
* 家產 / 家产 (jiāchǎn)
* 小產 / 小产 (xiǎochǎn)
* 山產 / 山产
* 常產 / 常产
* 年產值 / 年产值
* 年產量 / 年产量 (niánchǎnliàng)
* 引產 / 引产 (yǐnchǎn)
* 待產 / 待产
* 待產室 / 待产室
* 恆產 / 恒产 (héngchǎn)
* 房地產 / 房地产 (fángdìchǎn)
* 房產 / 房产 (fángchǎn)
* 拳頭產品 / 拳头产品
* 文化資產 / 文化资产
* 早產 / 早产 (zǎochǎn)
* 早產兒 / 早产儿 (zǎochǎn'ér)
* 有形資產 / 有形资产
* 有產階級 / 有产阶级 (yǒuchǎn jiējí)
* 林產 / 林产 (línchǎn)
* 析產 / 析产
* 水產 / 水产 (shuǐchǎn)
* 水產養殖 / 水产养殖 (shuǐchǎn yǎngzhí)
* 沉灶產蛙 / 沉灶产蛙
* 治產 / 治产 (zhìchǎn)
* 流動資產 / 流动资产 (liúdòng zīchǎn)
* 流產 / 流产 (liúchǎn)
* 流產政變 / 流产政变
* 海產 / 海产 (hǎichǎn)
* 減產 / 减产 (jiǎnchǎn)
* 漁產 / 渔产
* 無產 / 无产 (wúchǎn)
* 無產階級 / 无产阶级 (wúchǎn jiējí)
* 物產 / 物产 (wùchǎn)
* 特產 / 特产 (tèchǎn)
* 生產 / 生产 (shēngchǎn)
* 生產力 / 生产力 (shēngchǎnlì)
* 生產工具 / 生产工具 (shēngchǎn gōngjù)
* 生產指數 / 生产指数
* 生產方式 / 生产方式 (shēngchǎn fāngshì)
* 生產管制 / 生产管制
* 生產結構 / 生产结构 (shēngchǎn jiégòu)
* 生產線 / 生产线 (shēngchǎnxiàn)
* 生產者 / 生产者 (shēngchǎnzhě)
* 生產能力 / 生产能力
* 生產計畫 / 生产计画
* 生產量 / 生产量
* 產供銷 / 产供销
* 產值 / 产值 (chǎnzhí)
* 產假 / 产假 (chǎnjià)
* 產傷 / 产伤
* 產兒 / 产儿 (chǎn'ér)
* 產前 / 产前 (chǎnqián)
* 產前檢查 / 产前检查
* 產區 / 产区 (chǎnqū)
* 產卵 / 产卵 (chǎnluǎn)
* 產品 / 产品 (chǎnpǐn)
* 產品組合 / 产品组合
* 產品線 / 产品线 (chǎnpǐnxiàn)
* 產地 / 产地 (chǎndì)
* 產地價格 / 产地价格
* 產婆 / 产婆 (chǎnpó)
* 產婦 / 产妇 (chǎnfù)
* 產婆術 / 产婆术
* 產官 / 产官
* 產床 / 产床 (chǎnchuáng)
* 產後 / 产后 (chǎnhòu)
* 產後檢查 / 产后检查
* 產房 / 产房 (chǎnfáng)
* 產業 / 产业 (chǎnyè)
* 產業工人 / 产业工人 (chǎnyè gōngrén)
* 產業後備軍 / 产业后备军
* 產業稅 / 产业税
* 產業資本 / 产业资本
* 產業道路 / 产业道路
* 產業革命 / 产业革命 (Chǎnyè Gémìng)
* 產權 / 产权 (chǎnquán)
* 產物 / 产物 (chǎnwù)
* 產物保險 / 产物保险
* 產生 / 产生 (chǎnshēng)
* 產疾 / 产疾
* 產科 / 产科 (chǎnkē)
* 產程 / 产程 (chǎnchéng)
* 產經新聞 / 产经新闻
* 產能 / 产能 (chǎnnéng)
* 產褥期 / 产褥期 (chǎnrùqī)
* 產褥熱 / 产褥热 (chǎnrùrè)
* 產道 / 产道 (chǎndào)
* 產量 / 产量 (chǎnliàng)
* 產鉗 / 产钳 (chǎnqián)
* 產銷 / 产销 (chǎnxiāo)
* 產銷秩序 / 产销秩序
* 產門 / 产门
* 產院 / 产院 (chǎnyuàn)
* 產險 / 产险
* 產需 / 产需
* 產額 / 产额
* 田產 / 田产
* 畜產 / 畜产
* 異位產式 / 异位产式
* 盛產 / 盛产 (shèngchǎn)
* 相容產品 / 相容产品
* 知識產權 / 知识产权
* 破業失產 / 破业失产
* 破產 / 破产 (pòchǎn)
* 破產宣告 / 破产宣告
* 破產財團 / 破产财团
* 礦產 / 矿产 (kuàngchǎn)
* 祖產 / 祖产 (zǔchǎn)
* 禁治產 / 禁治产 (jīnzhìchǎn)
* 私有財產 / 私有财产 (sīyǒu cáichǎn)
* 私產 / 私产 (sīchǎn)
* 置產 / 置产 (zhìchǎn)
* 能產性 / 能产性 (néngchǎnxìng)
* 脫產 / 脱产 (tuōchǎn)
* 蕩產 / 荡产
* 蕩產傾家 / 荡产倾家
* 薄產 / 薄产 (bóchǎn)
* 試產 / 试产
* 變產 / 变产 (biànchǎn)
* 豐產 / 丰产 (fēngchǎn)
* 財產 / 财产 (cáichǎn)
* 財產刑 / 财产刑
* 財產權 / 财产权 (cáichǎnquán)
* 財產稅 / 财产税 (cáichǎnshuì)
* 資產 / 资产 (zīchǎn)
* 資產股 / 资产股
* 資產重估 / 资产重估
* 資產階級 / 资产阶级 (zīchǎn jiējí)
* 蹇產 / 蹇产
* 農產 / 农产 (nóngchǎn)
* 農產加工 / 农产加工
* 農產品 / 农产品 (nóngchǎnpǐn)
* 農產物 / 农产物
* 農產運銷 / 农产运销
* 逆產 / 逆产
* 遺產 / 遗产 (yíchǎn)
* 遺產稅 / 遗产税 (yíchǎnshuì)
* 量產 / 量产 (liàngchǎn)
* 銀髮產業 / 银发产业
* 限產 / 限产
* 難產 / 难产 (nánchǎn)
* 順產 / 顺产 (shùnchǎn)
* 預產期 / 预产期 (yùchǎnqī)
* 高齡產婦 / 高龄产妇
* 黨產 / 党产 (dǎngchǎn)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 産(さん) (san)
* → Korean: 산(產) (san)
* → Vietnamese: sản (產)

### References

* “產”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: せん (sen)
* Kan-on: さん (san)
* Kun: うまれる (umareru, 產まれる)、うぶ (ubu, 產)、うむ (umu, 產む)、むす (musu, 產す)

### Usage notes

This character lacks JIS support and is not listed as a kyūjitai character. 産 (U+7523) is used instead in Japanese.

## Korean
### Hanja

產 (eumhun 낳을 산 (na'eul san))
* Alternative form of 産 (“hanja form of 산 (“born”)”)

### References

* Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 22.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

產: Hán Nôm readings: sản
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.