# 酌

| 酌 | U+914C, &#37196; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-914C |
| ← 酋 [U+914B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 配 → [U+914D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酌 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一田心戈 (MWPI) or 一田心一 (MWPM), four-corner 1762$_0$, composition ⿰酉勺)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1280, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39768
* Dae Jaweon: page 1779, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3573, character 9
* Unihan data for U+914C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 酌 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 豹 | *preːwɢs |
| 趵 | *preːwɢs, *preːwɢ |
| 尥 | *breːw, *b·reːwɢs |
| 箹 | *ʔreːwɢs, *ʔreːwɢ |
| 杓 | *plew, *pʰlew, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ |
| 約 | *ʔlewɢs, *ʔlewɢ |
| 扚 | *pleːwʔ, *pleːwɢ |
| 釣 | *pleːwɢs |
| 瘹 | *teːwɢs |
| 芍 | *ɡleːwʔ, *spʰlewɢ, *pl'ewɢ, *bljewɢ, *pleːwɢ |
| 酌 | *pljewɢ |
| 灼 | *pljewɢ |
| 勺 | *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ |
| 彴 | *pljewɢ |
| 犳 | *pljewɢ |
| 妁 | *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ |
| 汋 | *bljewɢ, *sbreːwɢ |
| 仢 | *bljewɢ |
| 葯 | *qlewɢ, *qreːwɢ |
| 礿 | *lewɢ |
| 肑 | *preːwɢ, *pleːwɢ |
| 瓝 | *breːwɢ |
| 的 | *pleːwɢ |
| 靮 | *pleːwɢ |
| 馰 | *pleːwɢ |
| 玓 | *pleːwɢ |
| 魡 | *pleːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pljewɢ): semantic 酉 + phonetic 勺 (OC *pljewɢ, *bljewɢ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhuó (zhuo$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): pfǒ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): zho̊
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zoek$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chok
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zog$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): ciŏ̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiok / chiak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziag$^4$ / diag$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$tsaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
*** Wade–Giles: cho$^2$
*** Yale: jwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
*** Palladius: чжо (čžo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: pfǒ
*** Sinological IPA : /p͡fʰo²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: zho̊
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zho$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂo⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zoek$^3$
*** Yale: jeuk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoek$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêg$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sœːk̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok
*** Hakka Romanization System: zog$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sok̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciŏ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiok
*** Tâi-lô: tsiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡siɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiak
*** Tâi-lô: tsiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciag
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siak̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziag$^4$ / diag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiak / tiak
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siak̚²/, /tiak̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$tsaq
*** MiniDict: tsah$^入$
*** MiniDict: tseh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$tsaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡saʔ⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sɑʔ⁴³/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sɑʔ⁵⁵/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit酌 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂuo³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂuo²⁴/ /t͡suo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂuo⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂuə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʃuə⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂuo⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂuə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂuɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡suo²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡so³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡so²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂo³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂoʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂuɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suaʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡saʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sɑʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sɑʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕa²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiɔʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡so⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂo²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂo²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɔʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sok̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃok̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sœk̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sœk̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sœk̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡siɔk̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡suɔʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡siɔ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡siak̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡siɔk̚⁵/ /t͡sio⁵⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsyak
Rime :
| Character | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 之若切 |
| Baxter | tsyak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhuo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoek$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tewk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pljewɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhuó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyak › |
| Old Chinese | /*tewk/ |
| English | pour; deliberate (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11189 |
| Phonetic component | 勺 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 灼 |
| Old Chinese | /*pljewɢ/ |
| Notes | 勺分化字 |

### Definitions

酌
* to pour an alcoholic beverage
* to drink
* alcohol and meal
* to consider; to deliberate

#### Compounds

* 參酌 / 参酌 (cānzhuó)
* 商酌 (shāngzhuó)
* 大宴小酌
* 字斟句酌
* 對酌 / 对酌
* 小酌 (xiǎozhuó)
* 斟酌 (zhēnzhuó)
* 斟酌損益 / 斟酌损益
* 杯酌
* 泂酌
* 洗盞更酌 / 洗盏更酌
* 淺斟低酌 / 浅斟低酌
* 清酌 (qīngzhuó)
* 清酌庶饈 / 清酌庶馐
* 獨酌 / 独酌 (dúzhuó)
* 盃酌 / 杯酌
* 祭酌
* 菲酌
* 薄酌
* 蠡酌
* 觴酌 / 觞酌
* 貪泉酌飲 / 贪泉酌饮
* 酌中
* 酌古御今
* 酌奪 / 酌夺
* 酌定 (zhuódìng)
* 酌情 (zhuóqíng)
* 酌獻 / 酌献
* 酌酒 (zhuójiǔ)
* 酌量
* 酌飲 / 酌饮

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* pour sake

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃく (shaku, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しゃく (shaku, Jōyō)
* Kun: くむ (kumu, 酌む, Jōyō)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 酌 (MC tsyak). Recorded as Middle Korean 쟉 (cyak) (Yale: cyak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 酌 (eumhun 술 부을 작 (sul bueul jak))
* hanja form of 작 (“to pour alcoholic beverages”)

#### Compounds

* 수작 (酬酌, sujak)
* 짐작 (斟酌, jimjak)
* 참작 (參酌, chamjak)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.