# arca
## Balinese
### Romanization

arca
* Romanization of ᬅᬃᬘᬵ.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin arca.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈar.kə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈaɾ.ka]

### Noun

arca f (plural arques)
* chest, coffer
* ark (boat)

#### Derived terms

* Arca de l'Aliança
* arca de Noè
* arquejar
* arquibanc

#### Related terms

* arcà
* arquilla
* arquimesa

### See also

* bagul, cofre

### Further reading

* “arca” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɾka/ [ˈaɾ.kɐ]
* Rhymes: -aɾka
* Hyphenation: ar‧ca

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

arca f (plural arcas)
* (nautical, dated) starboard
    Synonym: estribor
    Antonyms: couso, babor

### Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese arca, archa, arqua, from Latin arca.

#### Noun

arca f (plural arcas)
* ark; chest; coffer
    Synonym: hucha
* box; casket
    Synonym: couselo
* (historical, architecture) brattice (of a castle)
* dolmen, megalith
    Synonyms: anta, forno
* thoracic cavity
    Synonym: cavidade torácica

##### Derived terms

* Arca
* Arca Cavada
* arcada
* Arcapedriña
* Arcas
* arqueta
* Pena de Arca
* Viladarcas

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “arca”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “arca”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “arca”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Hungarian
### Etymology

arc (“face”) +‎ -a (“his/her/its”, possessive suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒrt͡sɒ]
* Hyphenation: ar‧ca

### Noun

arca
* third-person singular single-possession possessive of arc
    Felderült az arca. ― His/her face brightened.

#### Derived terms

* arca verítékével

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay arca, from Sanskrit अर्चा (arcā, “worship, idol”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈart͡ʃa]
* Hyphenation: ar‧ca

### Noun

arca
* idol, a graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power

### Further reading

* “arca” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin arca.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈar.ka/
* Rhymes: -arka
* Hyphenation: àr‧ca

### Noun

arca f (plural arche)
* ark (casket or tomb)

#### Derived terms

* arca di Noè (“Noah's ark”)
* arcaro

### Anagrams

* arac, cara

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* archa (Medieval Latin, common)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈar.ka/, [ˈärkä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈar.ka/, [ˈärkä]

### Noun

arca f (genitive arcae); first declension
* chest, box, coffer, safe (safe place for storing items, or anything of a similar shape)
* coffin (box for the dead)
* ark (kind of ship)
** (biblical) Noah's Ark
* (biblical) Ark of the Covenant

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* arcārius
* arcella
* arcula

#### Related terms

* arcānō
* arcānus
* arceō

#### Descendants

* Catalan: arca
* Italian: arca
* Old Galician-Portuguese: arca, archa
** Galician: arca
** Portuguese: arca
* Old Spanish: arca, archa
** Spanish: arca
* → Albanian: arkë
* → Czech: archa
* → Proto-Germanic: *arkō (see there for further descendants)
* → Latvian: arka
* → Lithuanian: arka
* → Macedonian: арка (arka)
* → Maltese: arka
* → Norman: arche
* → Old English: ærc
** English: ark
* → Old French: arche
** French: arche
** Norman: arche
** → Middle English: arch, arche
*** English: arch
* → Old Irish: árc, áirc
** Irish: áirc
** Scottish Gaelic: àirc
* → Old Polish: archa (learned) (see there for further descendants)
* → Romanian: arca
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: арка
    Latin script: arka
* → Slovak: archa
* → Welsh: arch
* → Cornish: argh
* → Breton: arc'h

### References

* “arca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “arca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "arca", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* arca in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to isolate a witness: aliquem a ceteris separare et in arcam conicere ne quis cum eo colloqui possit (Mil. 22. 60)
* “arca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “arca”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
* “arca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Malay
### Etymology

From Sanskrit अर्चा (arcā, “worship, idol”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /ˈart͡ʃə/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /ˈart͡ʃa/
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃə, -ə

### Noun

arca (Jawi spelling ارچا, plural arca-arca, informal 1st possessive arcaku, 2nd possessive arcamu, 3rd possessive arcanya)
* (uncommon, dated, archaic) sculpture, idol
    Synonym: (more common) patung
* a shadow that can be seen in the mirror, through a camera lens or when dreaming
* (computing) icon

#### Usage notes

For sense 1, "arca" refers to statues built from pre-Islamic times, especially idols and statues of kings.

### Further reading

* “arca” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अर्चा (arcā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ar.t͡ʃa/
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃa
* Hyphenation: ar‧ca

### Noun

arca
* image, cult-statue

#### Derived terms

* ekārca
* jinārca
* liṅgārca
* Wiṣṇuarca

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦉꦕ (reca, “statue”)
* → Balinese: ᬅᬃᬘᬵ (arca, “statue”)

### Further reading

* "arca" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* archa (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kɐ/ [ˈah.kɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kɐ/ [ˈah.kɐ]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kɐ/ [ˈaχ.kɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈaɻ.ka/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kɐ/
* Rhymes: -aɾkɐ
* Hyphenation: ar‧ca

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese arca, archa, borrowed from Latin arca. First attested in 1109.

#### Noun

arca f (plural arcas)
* ark
** 1996, Fernando Pessoa, Mensagem: poemas esotéricos : edição crítica, Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, →ISBN:... certo tipo de «divisões» que lhe permitissem a arrumação dos seus papéis «na devida ordem», de modo a substituir a sua «caixa grande» (a famosa e mítica arca?... a certain type of «divisions» that would allow him to arrange his papers «in due order», in order to replace his «big box» (the famous and mythical ark?) ...) ...
* (biblical) ark (ship built by Noah)
* (malacology) ark clam (mollusc in the genus Arca)
* (dated) coffer (strong chest used for keeping valuables safe)
* (by extension, dated) coffer (a supply of money belonging to an organization)
* (dated) thorax
* (Brazil, colloquial) pawnshop
    Synonym: casa de penhores
* (Trás-os-Montes) hug

##### Derived terms

* Arca da Aliança
* arca da bomba
* arca de Noé
* arcar
* arquejar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

arca
* inflection of arcar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### References

* “arca”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “arca”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “arca”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “arca”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* ↑ José Pedro Machado (1995) “Arca”, in Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa: com a mais antiga documentação escrita e conhecida de muitos dos vocábulos estudados (in Portuguese), 7 edition, volume I, Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, →ISBN, page 296

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish arca, archa, from Latin arca (“chest, box”), from arceō (“to enclose”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɾka/ [ˈaɾ.ka]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾka
* Syllabification: ar‧ca

### Noun

arca f (plural arcas)
* ark, chest
    Synonym: cofre

#### Usage notes

* Feminine nouns beginning with stressed /ˈa/ like arca take the singular definite article el (otherwise reserved for masculine nouns) instead of the usual la: el arca. This includes the contracted forms al and del (instead of a la and de la, respectively): al arca, del arca. This is to avoid doubling of the /a/ sound.
    These nouns also usually take the indefinite article un that is otherwise used with masculine nouns (although the standard feminine form una is also permitted): un arca or una arca. The same is true with determiners algún/alguna and ningún/ninguna, as well as for numerals ending with 1 (e.g., veintiún/veintiuna).
    However, if another word intervenes between the article and the noun, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (la, una etc.) must be used: la mejor arca, una buena arca.
* If an adjective follows the noun, it must agree with the noun's gender regardless of the article used: el arca única, un(a) arca buena.
* In the plural, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (las, unas etc.) are always used.

#### Derived terms

* arca de agua
* arca de la Alianza (“Ark of the Covenant”)
* arca de Noé (“Noah's ark”)
* arca del cuerpo
* arca del diluvio
* arca del pan
* arca del testamento
* arcón
* arqueta
* arquilla
* en arca abierta el justo peca

#### Further reading

* “arca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* cara