# grime
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English grim (“dirt or soot covering the face”), from a specialized note of Old English grīma (“mask”), from Proto-Germanic *grīmô (“mask”).
Possibly influenced by dialectal Dutch grijmsel, Middle Dutch grime, Middle Low German greme (“dirt”), compare Danish grime (“a halter”), Danish grimet (“soiled, stripy”), Norwegian Bokmål grimete (“soiled, stripy”), Norwegian Nynorsk grimete (“soiled, stripy”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɹaɪm/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪm

### Noun

grime (uncountable)
* Dirt, grease, soot, etc. that is ingrained and difficult to remove.
    Underneath all that soot, dirt and grime is the true beauty of the church in soft shades of sandstone.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 14, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:Nanny Broome was looking up at the outer wall. Just under the ceiling there were three lunette windows, heavily barred and blacked out in the normal way by centuries of grime.
* (music) A genre of urban music that emerged in London, England, in the early 2000s, primarily a development of UK garage, dancehall, and hip hop.

#### Derived terms

* degrime
* grimeless
* grimester
* grimy
* grindie
* gunk
* rhythm and grime

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

grime (third-person singular simple present grimes, present participle griming, simple past and past participle grimed)
* To begrime; to cake with dirt.
** 1862, Edwin Waugh, Home-Life of the Lancashire Factory Folk during the Cotton Famine‎:All grimed with coaldust, they swing along the street with their dinner baskets and cans in their hands, chattering merrily.
** 1920, Harold Bindloss, Lister's Great Adventure‎:Fog from the river rolled up the street and the windows were grimed by soot, but Cartwright had not turned on the electric light.
** 1918, Harold Bindloss, The Buccaneer Farmer‎:His skin was grimed with dust, for he had ridden hard in scorching heat, and was anxious and impatient to get on.

#### Derived terms

* begrime

### Anagrams

* gerim

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse gríma f, from Proto-Germanic *grimô m (“mask; visor”). Cognates include English grime and grimace.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡriː.mə/

### Noun

grime
* a halter
* a facial stripe

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡʁim/
* Homophones: griment, grimes

### Verb

grime
* inflection of grimer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

grime f or m (definite singular grima or grimen, indefinite plural grimer, definite plural grimene)
* a halter

### Verb

grime (present tense grimer, past tense grima or grimet, past participle grima or grimet)
* (transitive) to halter

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* grima

### Etymology

From Old Norse gríma f, from Proto-Germanic *grimô m (“mask; visor”). Cognates include English grime and grimace. The verb is derived from the noun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²ɡriː.mə/

### Noun

grime f (definite singular grima, indefinite plural grimer, definite plural grimene)
* a halter
* a facial stripe

#### Derived terms

* grimeleie
* grimete
* slite grima
* åregrime

#### Related terms

* grim
* grimase

### Verb

grime (present tense grimar, past tense grima, past participle grima, passive infinitive grimast, present participle grimande, imperative grime/grim)
* (transitive) to halter

### References

* “grime” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
* “grima” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

## Portuguese
### Noun

grime m (uncountable)
* (music) grime (a genre of urban music)

## Scots
### Alternative forms

* gryme, greim

### Etymology

Of West Flemish origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡrəi̯m/

### Verb

grime (third-person singular simple present grimes, present participle grimein, simple past grimet, past participle grimet)
* (archaic) To sprinkle, fleck, or to cover with a layer of fine material (e.g. snow, dust).

## Spanish
### Noun

grime m (plural grimes)
* grime (music genre)

## West Frisian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch grim; see the verb grimmen (“to roar, be wrathful”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡrimə/

### Noun

grime c (no plural)
* anger, wrath

#### Further reading

* “grime (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011