# malam
## Acehnese
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

malam
* height

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

#### Noun

malam
* night

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

## Brunei Malay
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /malam/
* Hyphenation: ma‧lam

### Noun

malam
* The time of the day between dusk and midnight; evening or night.

## Hausa
### Etymology

A clipping of malami.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /máː.làm/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [máː.làŋ]

### Noun

mālàm m (feminine mālàmā, plural mā̀làmai)
* mister, Mr.

## Iban
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /malam/
* Hyphenation: ma‧lam

### Noun

malam
* night

#### Derived terms

* demalam
* semalam

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* malem (informal)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈma.lam/
* Rhymes: -am
* Hyphenation: ma‧lam

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay malam, from Proto-Malayic *maləm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

#### Noun

malam (plural malam-malam)
* night

##### Usage notes

Usage with names of days like Jumat (“Friday”), Senin (“Monday”):
* When placed before the day name means "night before day": malam Jumat "night before Friday"
* When placed after the day name means "night of day": Jumat malam "night of Friday"

##### Derived terms

* bermalam
* kemalaman
* malam-malam
* semalam
* semalaman

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Javanese ꦩꦭꦩ꧀ (malam), probably from Gujarati મલમ (malam, “ointment or paste made of wax”), from Classical Persian مرهم (marham), from Arabic مَرْهَم (marham).

#### Noun

malam (plural malam-malam)
* wax, paraffin, particularly for making batik
* beeswax: a wax secreted by bees from which they make honeycomb; or, the processed form of this wax used in the manufacture of various goods
    Synonym: lilin lebah

### Further reading

* “malam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

malam
* Romanization of ꦩꦭꦩ꧀

## Latin
### Adjective

malam
* accusative feminine singular of malus

### Verb

mālam
* first-person singular future active indicative of mālō

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm (“night, darkness”).

### Pronunciation

* (Baku, Perak) IPA: /malam/
* (Kelantan-Pattani) IPA: /malɛ̃/, /malɛ/
* Rhymes: -alam, -lam, -am
* Audio (Malaysia):(file)

### Noun

malam (Jawi spelling مالم, plural malam-malam, informal 1st possessive malamku, 2nd possessive malammu, 3rd possessive malamnya)
* night
    Antonyms: siang, hari
    Selamat malam ― Goodnight

#### Derived terms

* semalam

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: malam
* → Ternate: malam

### Further reading

* “malam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*malem”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Ternate
### Etymology

From Malay malam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈma.lam]

### Noun

malam
* night, evening

### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Yakan
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maləm.

### Noun

malam
* evening, eve