# respect
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English respect, from Old French respect, also respit (“respect, regard, consideration”), from Latin respectus (“a looking at, regard, respect”), perfect passive participle of respiciō (“look at, look back upon, respect”), from re- (“back”) + speciō (“to see”). Doublet of respite.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹɪˈspɛkt/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛkt
* Hyphenation: re‧spect
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

respect (countable and uncountable, plural respects)
* (uncountable) an attitude of consideration or high regard
    Synonyms: deference, esteem, consideration, regard, fealty, reverence, aught
    He is an intellectual giant, and I have great respect for him.
** 2022 October 15, “Tajik President's Demand For 'Respect' From Putin Viewed Millions Of Times On YouTube”, in Radio Free Europe‎, archived from the original on 17 October 2022‎:A video of Tajik President Emomali Rahmon complaining to Russian President Vladimir Putin about his lack of respect for the countries of Central Asia that were once part of the Soviet Union has struck a nerve on social media, where it has been viewed millions of times. […] “We have always respected the interests of our main strategic partner,” Rahmon said, referring to Russia. “We want respect, too."
* (uncountable) good opinion, honor, or admiration
    Synonyms: admiration, esteem, reverence, regard, recognition, veneration, honor
* (uncountable, always plural) Polite greetings, often offered as condolences after a death.
    The mourners paid their last respects to the deceased poet.
* (countable) a particular aspect, feature or detail of something
    Synonyms: aspect, dimension, face, facet, side
    This year's model is superior to last year's in several respects.
** 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 36”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:In our two loves there is but one respect
* Good will; favor
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 2:25:And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect unto them.

#### Antonyms

* belittlement
* contempt
* contumely
* despect (“noun”) (archaic)
* disdain
* disparagement
* disrespect (“noun”)
* ignoring
* irreverence
* neglect
* scorn
* slight

#### Derived terms

* ablative of respect
* adverb of respect
* by-respect
* disrespect
* final respects
* have respect of persons
* in many respects
* in respect
* in respect of
* last respects
* pay respect
* respectable
* respectful
* self-respect
* unrespect
* with all due respect
* with due respect
* with respect
* with respect to

#### Related terms

* respective

#### Collocations

* Adjectives often applied to "respect": great, high, utmost, absolute

#### Translations

Albanian: respekt (sq) m, nderim (sq) m
Amharic: ክብር (kəbr)
Arabic: اِحْتِرَام (ar) m (iḥtirām)
Egyptian Arabic: احترام m (ʔeḥtrām)
Gulf Arabic: احترام m (iḥtirām)
Armenian: հարգանք (hy) (hargankʻ)
Asturian: respetu m
Avar: хӏурмат (ḥʳurmat)
Azerbaijani: hörmət (az), sayğı (az), ehtiram, xətir
Bashkir: хөрмәт (xörmət), ихтирам (ixtiram)
Bavarian: Respekt m
Belarusian: пава́га f (paváha), паважа́нне n (pavažánnje), паважа́ньне n (pavažánʹnje), паша́на f (pašána)
Bengali: সম্মান (bn) (śomman)
Breton: doujañs (br) f
Bulgarian: уваже́ние (bg) n (uvažénie)
Burmese: ရိုသေ (my) (ruise), အရိုအသေ (my) (a.ruia.se)
Catalan: respecte (ca) m
Chinese:
Cantonese: 尊重 (zyun$^1$ zung$^6$), 尊敬 (zyun$^1$ ging$^3$)
Mandarin: 尊重 (zh) (zūnzhòng), 尊敬 (zh) (zūnjìng)
Czech: respekt (cs) m, úcta (cs) f
Danish: respekt c, agtelse c
Dutch: respect (nl) m, achting (nl) f, eerbied (nl) f
Egyptian: (šfyt f)
Esperanto: respekto, respektemo, altestimo
Estonian: lugupidamine
Finnish: kunnioitus (fi)
French: respect (fr) m
Friulian: rispiet m
Galician: respecto (gl) m
Georgian: პატივისცემა (ṗaṭiviscema)
German: Achtung (de) f, Respekt (de) m
Greek: σεβασμός (el) m (sevasmós)
Ancient: σέβας n (sébas)
Hebrew: כָּבוֹד (he) m (kavód)
Hindi: सम्मान (hi) m (sammān), आदर (hi) m (ādar)
Hungarian: tisztelet (hu), elismerés (hu), megbecsülés (hu)
Icelandic: virðing (is) f
Indonesian: hormat (id)
Irish: meas m, urraim f, oirmhidin f, ómós m
Italian: rispetto (it) m
Japanese: 尊敬 (ja) (そんけい, sonkei), 崇敬 (ja) (すうけい, sūkei), 尊重 (ja) (そんちょう, sonchō), 重視 (ja) (じゅし, jushi)
Kazakh: құрмет (qūrmet), қадір (qadır), сый (syi)
Khmer: ការគោរព (kaa koorup), គារវៈ (km) (kiərĕəʼvĕəʼ)
Korean: 존중(尊重) (ko) (jonjung), 경의(敬意) (ko) (gyeong'ui)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕێز (rêz)
Kyrgyz: кадыр (ky) (kadır), кадырдоо (ky) (kadırdoo), сый (ky) (sıy)
Ladin: respet ?
Latgalian: cīns ?
Latin: respectus m, observantia f, reverentia f
Latvian: cieņa f
Lithuanian: pagarba f
Macedonian: почит f (počit), респект m (respekt)
Malay: hormat (ms), adab (ms)
Maltese: rispett m
Maori: kauanuanu, whakaute
Marathi: आदर (mr) (ādar)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: хүндэтгэл (mn) (xündetgel)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: respekt (no) m
Nynorsk: respekt m, vyrdnad m
Occitan: respècte (oc) m
Old Javanese: sĕmbah
Pashto: احترام (ps) m (ehterãm)
Persian:
Dari: اِحْتِرَام (fa) (ihtirām), اَدَب (fa) (adab)
Iranian Persian: اِحْتِرام (fa) (ehterâm), اَدَب (fa) (adab)
Plautdietsch: Acht (nds) f
Polish: respekt (pl) m, szacunek (pl) m, estyma (pl) f, poważanie (pl), uważanie (pl), atencja (pl) f (dated), atentacja f (archaic)
Portuguese: respeito (pt) m
Romanian: respect (ro) n
Russian: уваже́ние (ru) n (uvažénije), почте́ние (ru) n (počténije)
Samoan: āva
Sanskrit: आदर (sa) m (ādara), सम्मान (sa) m (sammāna)
Scottish Gaelic: onair f, urram m, suim f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: поштова́ње n
Roman: poštovánje (sh) n
Sicilian: rispettu (scn) m
Slovak: rešpekt m, úcta f
Slovene: spoštovanje (sl) n
Spanish: respeto (es) m
Swahili: adabu (sw)
Swedish: respekt (sv) c, aktning (sv) c
Tabasaran: гьюрмат (hjurmat)
Tagalog: paggalang
Tajik: эҳтиром (ehtirom), ҳурмат (hurmat), иззат (tg) (izzat), адаб (tg) (adab)
Tamil: மதிப்பு (ta) (matippu)
Tatar: хөрмәт (tt) (xörmät), ихтирам (tt) (ixtiram)
Telugu: గౌరవం (te) (gauravaṁ)
Tetum: respeitu
Thai: ความเคารพ (th) (kwaam-kao-róp)
Tongan: fakaʻapaʻapa
Turkish: saygı (tr), hürmet (tr)
Turkmen: hormat
Ukrainian: пова́га f (pováha), поважа́ння n (považánnja), поша́на f (pošána)
Urdu: آدَر m (ādar), اِحْتِرام m (ihtirām)
Uyghur: ھۆرمەت (hörmet), ئىززەت (izzet)
Uzbek: hurmat (uz), izzat (uz), ehtirom (uz)
Vietnamese: sự tôn trọng (vi)
Welsh: parch (cy) m
Yiddish: דרך־ארץ m (derekherets), כּבֿוד m (koved)
Zazaki: hurmet n, adab n, semen n :

### Verb

respect (third-person singular simple present respects, present participle respecting, simple past and past participle respected)
* To have respect for.
    She is an intellectual giant, and I respect her greatly.
* To have regard for something, to observe a custom, practice, rule or right.
    I respect your right to hold that belief, although I think it is nonsense.
    I respect your right to feel offended, even though most people, myself included, totally disagree and don’t find the comment offensive in the slightest.
* To abide by an agreement.
    They failed to respect the treaty they had signed, and invaded.
* To take notice of; to regard as worthy of special consideration; to heed.
** 1595 December 9 (first known performance), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedie of King Richard the Second. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Simmes for Androw Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC,:[T]hou reſpecteſt not ſpilling Edwards bloud: [...]
** 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, page 33:We haue also large and various Orchards, and Gardens; Wherein we doe not ſo much reſpect Beauty, as Variety of Ground and Soile, proper for diuerſe Trees and Herbs: [...]
* (transitive, dated except in "respecting") To relate to; to be concerned with.
** 1674, John Owen, Pneumatologia:Whatever they are else, they are always chastisements; and correction respects faults.
** 1806, James Lee, An Introduction to Botany:Glandulation respects the secretory vessels, which are either glandules, follicles, or utricles.
** 1859 December 13, Charles Dickens, “The Mortals in the House”, in Charles Dickens, editor, The Haunted House. The Extra Christmas Number of All the Year Round […], volume II, London: […] C[harles] Whiting, […], →OCLC, page 4, column 2:I hope I may never again be in a state of mind so unchristian as the mental frame in which I lived for some weeks, respecting the memory of Master B.
* (obsolete) To regard; to consider; to deem.
** c. 1597, Ben. Jonson, A Pleasant Comedy, Called: The Case is Alterd. […], London: […] [Nicholas Okes] for Bartholomew Sutton, and William Barrenger, […], published 1609, →OCLC,:[T]his my friend (knowen by no name) was found, / Being then a child and ſcarce of power to ſpeake, / To whom my father gaue this name of Gaſper, / And as his own reſpected him to death, [...]That is, regarded him as his own.
* (obsolete) To look toward; to face.
** 1650, Thomas Browne, “Of East and West”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC, 6th book, page 263:That Palladius adviſeth the front of his edifice ſhould ſo reſpect the South, that in the firſt angle it receive the riſing raies of the winter Sunne, and decline a little from the winter ſetting thereof.

#### Synonyms

* (to have respect for): esteem, honor, revere, venerate
* (to regard as worthy of special consideration): esteem, value
* (to abide by an agreement): honor

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to have respect for”): contemn, despect (verb) (archaic), despise, dis, diss, disrespect (verb)
* (antonym(s) of “to regard as worthy of special consideration”): belittle, ignore, neglect, slight

#### Derived terms

* disrespect
* over-respect
* respectability
* respectable
* respected
* respectful
* self-respecting

#### Descendants

* Sranan Tongo: respeki
** → Kari'na: respeki

#### Translations

Albanian: respektoj (sq)
Arabic: اِحْتَرَمَ (iḥtarama)
Egyptian Arabic: احترم (eḥtaram)
Armenian: հարգել (hy) (hargel)
Azerbaijani: hörmət qoymaq, hörmət etmək (az), saymaq (az)
Belarusian: паважа́ць impf (pavažácʹ), шанава́ць impf (šanavácʹ)
Breton: doujañ (br)
Bulgarian: уважа́вам (bg) impf (uvažávam), уважа́ pf (uvažá)
Catalan: respectar (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 尊重 (zh) (zūnzhòng), 尊敬 (zh) (zūnjìng)
Czech: respektovat (cs) impf, mít úctu impf
Dutch: respecteren (nl)
Egyptian: (šfj)
Esperanto: respekti, altestimi
Finnish: kunnioittaa (fi)
French: respecter (fr)
Galician: respectar
Georgian: პატივისცემა (ṗaṭiviscema)
German: respektieren (de)
Greek: σέβομαι (el) (sévomai)
Guaraní: momba'eguasu
Hebrew: כיבד \ כִּבֵּד (he) (kibéd)
Hungarian: tisztel (hu), respektál (hu)
Icelandic: virða (is), bera virðingu fyrir
Irish: meas a bheith agat ar
Italian: rispettare (it)
Japanese: 崇める (ja) (agameru), 敬う (ja) (uyamau), 尊敬する (sonkei suru), 崇敬する (sūkei suru), 尊ぶ (ja) (tōtobu), 重んずる (ja) (omonzuru)
Kazakh: құрметтеу (qūrmetteu), қадірлеу (qadırleu), ардақтау (ardaqtau)
Khmer: គោរព (km) (koorup)
Korean: 존경하다 (ko) (jon'gyeonghada)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕێز گرتن (rêz girtin)
Lao: ເຄົາລົບ (khao lop)
Latin: respicio, revereor, honōrō
Macedonian: почитува impf (počituva), респекти́ра impf or pf (respektíra)
Maori: whakamiha, whakaute, ngākau whakaute
Mongolian: хүндлэх (mn) (xündlex)
Ngazidja Comorian: uhishimu
Persian: احترام گذاشتن (fa) (ehterâm gozâštan)
Polish: szanować (pl) impf, poważać (pl) impf, respektować (pl) impf
Portuguese: respeitar (pt)
Romanian: respecta (ro)
Russian: уважа́ть (ru) impf (uvažátʹ), почита́ть (ru) impf (počitátʹ)
Sanskrit: मानति (sa) (mānati)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: уважа́вати impf
Roman: uvažávati (sh) impf
Slovak: rešpektovať impf, mať úctu impf
Slovene: spoštovati (sl) impf
Spanish: respetar (es)
Swahili: heshimu, taadhima (sw)
Swedish: ha respekt för
Tajik: эҳтиром кардан (ehtirom kardan)
Tamil: மதி (ta) (mati)
Telugu: గౌరవించు (te) (gauraviñcu)
Thai: เคารพ (th) (kao-róp)
Turkish: saymak (tr), saygı duymak (tr)
Ukrainian: поважа́ти impf (považáty), шанува́ти impf (šanuváty)
Vietnamese: tôn trọng (vi)
Walloon: respecter (wa)
Zazaki: itibar kerden :

### Interjection

respect
* (Jamaica) hello, hi

### References

* “respect”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* respect in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
* “respect”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “respect”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Sceptre, recepts, scepter, sceptre, specter, spectre

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French respect, from Old French respect, from Latin respectus. Doublet of respijt.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛsˈpɛkt/, /rəˈspɛkt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: res‧pect
* Rhymes: -ɛkt

### Noun

respect n (uncountable)
* respect
    Synonym: eerbied

#### Derived terms

* respectabel
* respecteren
* respectloos
* respectvol

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: respek
* Negerhollands: respekt, respect
* → Indonesian: respek
* → Papiamentu: reespek (dated)
* → Saramaccan: lesipéki
* → Sranan Tongo: lespeki
** → Caribbean Javanese: lespéki

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin respectus. Doublet of répit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁɛs.pɛ/
* Audio (France):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

respect m (plural respects)
* respect

#### Derived terms

* avec tout le respect que je vous dois
* respecter
* respectueux
* sauf votre respect
* tenir en respect

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: respect
** Afrikaans: respek
** Negerhollands: respekt, respect
** → Indonesian: respek
** → Papiamentu: reespek (dated)
** → Saramaccan: lesipéki
** → Sranan Tongo: lespeki
*** → Caribbean Javanese: lespéki

### Further reading

* “respect”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* spectre

## Jamaican Creole
### Alternative forms

* respeck

### Etymology

From English respect.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹɪsˌspɛk/
* Hyphenation: res‧pect

### Interjection

respect
* greetings, hello, hi
    A: Wah gwaan? B: Respect!A: Hello! B: Hi!
    (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
* bye, goodbye
    A: Tek it easy. B: Respect!A: Take it easy. B: Bye!
    (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

#### See also

* guidance
* manners
* protection

### Noun

respect
* respect
    Synonym: ratings
    Run whey di two a dem, dem nuh have nuh respect fi yuh.Get rid of both of them. They have no respect for you.
** 2020, Romardo Lyons, “Mixed reactions to state of emergency”, in The Jamaica Star‎ (in English):“Our problem is that the police dem nah deal with people wid nuh respect. […] ”Our problem is that the police aren't approaching the people with respect. […]

#### Derived terms

* respect due

### Verb

respect
* respect
    Synonym: rate
    Yuh done know seh mi respect yuh whole heap.You already know that I respect you a lot.
** 2020, “DANCING DEATHTRAPS - Dancers risking serious injuries doing stunts”, in The Jamaica Star‎ (in English):“Dem a tek too much risk wid dem life and nuff a dem nuh respect dem body […] ”They're taking too many risks with their life and a lot of them don't respect their body. […]

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French respect, Latin respectus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /resˈpekt/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

respect n (uncountable)
* respect, consideration, deference, esteem, regard
    Synonym: stimă

#### Related terms

* respecta
* respectabil

### Further reading

* respect in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)