# ὠρύομαι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ὀρύομαι (orúomai)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH- (“to howl, roar”). Cognate with Latin rūmor, Latin rāvis, Latvian rûkt, Lithuanian rū́kti, and Sanskrit रव (rava).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔː.ry̌ː.o.mai̯/ → /oˈry.o.mɛ/ → /oˈri.o.me/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ɔː.ry̌ː.o.mai̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /oˈry.o.mɛ/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /oˈry.o.mɛ/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /oˈry.o.me/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /oˈri.o.me/

### Verb

ὠρῡ́ομαι • (ōrū́omai) (Ionic, Poetic, deponent)
* (often of animals) to shout, howl, roar
** Pausanias, Descriptions of Greece 10.14:λύκον δὲ ἐπιθέσθαι οἱ καθεύδοντι, καὶ ἀποθανεῖν τε ὑπὸ τοῦ λύκου τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ ὡς ἐς τὴν πόλιν ὁσημέραι φοιτῶν ὠρύετο ὁ λύκος· ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐκ ἄνευ θεοῦ παραγίνεσθαί σφισιν ὑπελάμβανον, οὕτως ἐπακολουθοῦσι τῷ θηρίῳ, καὶ ἀνευρίσκουσί τε τὸ ἱερὸν χρυσίον καὶ ἀνέθεσαν λύκον τῷ θεῷ χαλκοῦνlúkon dè epithésthai hoi katheúdonti, kaì apothaneîn te hupò toû lúkou tòn ánthrōpon kaì hōs es tḕn pólin hosēmérai phoitôn ōrúeto ho lúkos; epeì dè ouk áneu theoû paragínesthaí sphisin hupelámbanon, hoútōs epakolouthoûsi tôi thēríōi, kaì aneurískousí te tò hieròn khrusíon kaì anéthesan lúkon tôi theôi khalkoûn(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Odes 105-109:ὁδῶν ὁδοὶ περαίτεραι, μία δʼ οὐχ ἅπαντας ἄμμε θρέψει μελέτα· σοφίαι μὲν αἰπειναί· τοῦτο δὲ προσφέρων ἆθλον, ὄρθιον ὤρυσαι θαρσέωνhodôn hodoì peraíterai, mía d oukh hápantas ámme thrépsei meléta; sophíai mèn aipeinaí; toûto dè prosphérōn âthlon, órthion ṓrusai tharséōn(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (of humans) to produce loud and emotional cries
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.117.5:ἐπεὰν ὦν μηδέν σφι παραδιδῶται τοῦ ὕδατος, ἐλθόντες ἐς τοὺς Πέρσας αὐτοί τε καὶ γυναῖκες, στάντες κατὰ τὰς θύρας τοῦ βασιλέος βοῶσι ὠρυόμενοι, ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς τοῖσι δεομένοισι αὐτῶν μάλιστα ἐντέλλεται ἀνοίγειν τὰς πύλας τὰς ἐς τοῦτο φερούσας.epeàn ôn mēdén sphi paradidôtai toû húdatos, elthóntes es toùs Pérsas autoí te kaì gunaîkes, stántes katà tàs thúras toû basiléos boôsi ōruómenoi, ho dè basileùs toîsi deoménoisi autôn málista entélletai anoígein tàs púlas tàs es toûto pheroúsas.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.75.2:ταύτης ὦν οἱ Σκύθαι τῆς καννάβιος τὸ σπέρμα ἐπεὰν λάβωσι, ὑποδύνουσι ὑπὸ τοὺς πίλους, καὶ ἔπειτα ἐπιβάλλουσι τὸ σπέρμα ἐπὶ τοὺς διαφανέας λίθους τῷ πυρί· τὸ δὲ θυμιᾶται ἐπιβαλλόμενον καὶ ἀτμίδα παρέχεται τοσαύτην ὥστε Ἑλληνικὴ οὐδεμία ἄν μιν πυρίη ἀποκρατήσειε. οἱ δὲ Σκύθαι ἀγάμενοι τῇ πυρίῃ ὠρύονται. τοῦτό σφι ἀντὶ λουτροῦ ἐστι. οὐ γὰρ δὴ λούονται ὕδατι τὸ παράπαν τὸ σῶμα.taútēs ôn hoi Skúthai tês kannábios tò spérma epeàn lábōsi, hupodúnousi hupò toùs pílous, kaì épeita epibállousi tò spérma epì toùs diaphanéas líthous tôi purí; tò dè thumiâtai epiballómenon kaì atmída parékhetai tosaútēn hṓste Hellēnikḕ oudemía án min puríē apokratḗseie. hoi dè Skúthai agámenoi têi puríēi ōrúontai. toûtó sphi antì loutroû esti. ou gàr dḕ loúontai húdati tò parápan tò sôma.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (transitive) to shout over, howl over
*** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Idylls 1.71-72:τῆνον μὰν θῶες, τῆνον λύκοι ὠρύσαντο, τῆνον χὠκ δρυμοῖο λέων ἔκλαυσε θανόντα.tênon màn thôes, tênon lúkoi ōrúsanto, tênon khōk drumoîo léōn éklause thanónta.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation
### Usage notes

The verb is rarely used in Attic Greek.

### Derived terms

* ὠρυγή (ōrugḗ)
* ὤρυγμα (ṓrugma)
* ὠρυδόν (ōrudón)
* ὠρυθμός (ōruthmós)
* ὠρυκτής (ōruktḗs)
* ὤρυμα (ṓruma)
* ὠρυτός (ōrutós)
* ὠρύωμα (ōrúōma)

### Descendants

* Greek: ωρύομαι (orýomai)

### References

* “ὠρύομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὠρύομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὠρύομαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* ὠρύομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ὠρύομαι, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* ὠρύω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* GG5612 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN