# ruda
## Translingual
### Etymology

First employed for Pellicia ruda Mabille & Boullet 1916 (since synonymised with Nisoniades macarius), this epithet appears to be a mistakenly-formed feminine equivalent of the Latin rūdus n (“lump [esp. of copper or bronze], roof tile, débris, rubble”, noun), which was employed appositively in the forepublished Unio rudus Lea 1859 (since synonymised with Diplodon delodontus), but which had the appearance of a second-declension masculine adjective. A corresponding neuter form, *rudum appears not yet to have been employed.

### Adjective

ruda f
* having reddish, brownish, or ochraceous colouring

#### Derived terms

* Creightonella ruda
* Epignoma ruda
* Nothotrichocera ruda
* Pellicia ruda
* Saturnia ruda

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin rūta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈru.ðə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈru.ða]

### Noun

ruda f (plural rudes)
* (botany) rue

### Further reading

* “ruda” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈruda]

### Noun

ruda f
* ore

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “ruda”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ruda”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾˠʊd̪ˠə/

### Noun

ruda m
* genitive singular of rud

## Latgalian
### Noun

ruda f
* ore

## Latvian
### Adjective

ruda
* inflection of ruds:
** genitive masculine singular
** nominative feminine singular

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rudas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Compare Latvian ruds.

### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: [rʊˈdɐ]

#### Noun

rudà f (plural rùdos)
* brown

##### Declension
#### Adjective

ruda
* nominative/instrumental/vocative feminine singular of rudas

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: [ˈrʊ.dɐ]

#### Noun

ruda f
* vocative singular of ruda

#### Adjective

rùda
* neuter of rudas

### See also

Colors in Lithuanian · spalvos (layout · text) :
| balta | pilka | juoda |
| raudona | oranžinė; ruda | geltona; gelsva |
| žalsva | žalia | elektrinė |
| žydra | dangaus mėlyna | mėlyna |
| violetinė | purpurinė; violetinė | rožinė, rūžava |

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ruda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈruda/

### Noun

ruda f
* ore
* (specifically) bog iron ore
    Synonyms: bryła, žygaź

#### Derived terms

* rudawy

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “ruda”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “ruda”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin rūta (“rue”), from Ancient Greek ῥυτή (rhutḗ).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ruda f (plural rudas)
* rue (plant)

#### Dialectal variants

* arruda (Gascony)
* arrua (Gascony)

### References

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 569.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈru.da/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uda
* Syllabification: ru‧da
* Homophone: Ruda

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruda.

#### Noun

ruda f
* (geology, mining) ore

##### Derived terms

* bezrudny
* rudny

### Etymology 2

From rudy +‎ -a.

#### Adjective

ruda
* feminine nominative/vocative singular of rudy

#### Noun

ruda f (male equivalent rudy)
* (nominalized, colloquial) female equivalent of rudy (“redhead; ginger; redhaired woman or girl”)
    Synonym: ryża

##### Declension
### Further reading

* ruda in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ruda in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rǔːda/
* Hyphenation: ru‧da

### Noun

rúda f (Cyrillic spelling ру́да)
* ore, mineral

#### Declension
### Adjective

ruda
* inflection of rud:
** feminine nominative/vocative singular
** indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
** indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
** neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈruda]

### Noun

ruda f (relational adjective rudný)
* ore

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “ruda”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ruda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rùːda/

### Noun

rúda f
* ore (rock that contains utilitarian materials)

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “ruda”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈruda/ [ˈru.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -uda
* Syllabification: ru‧da

### Etymology 1

From Latin rūta (“rue”), from Ancient Greek ῥυτή (rhutḗ).

#### Noun

ruda f (plural rudas)
* rue (plant)

##### Derived terms

* ruda cabruna
* ruda montesina

### Etymology 2

See rudo.

#### Noun

ruda f (plural rudas)
* female equivalent of rudo (“wrestling villian”)

#### Adjective

ruda
* feminine singular of rudo

### Further reading

* “ruda”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rudà.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʀuda/
* Rhymes: -uda
* Hyphenation: ru‧da
* Syllabification: ru‧da

### Noun

ruda f
* (geology) ore (mineral used in the industrial production of a metal)

#### Declension
### References

* “ruda” in Soblex

## Venetan
### Alternative forms

* rua

### Etymology

From Latin rūta, from Ancient Greek ῥυτή (rhutḗ). Compare Italian ruta.

### Noun

ruda f (plural rude)
* rue (plant)