# ruta
## Asturian
### Verb

ruta
* third-person singular present indicative of rutar
* second-person singular imperative of rutar

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French route.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈru.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈru.ta]

### Noun

ruta f (plural rutes)
* route

### Further reading

* “ruta” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*hrudā) (compare Old Norse hroði (“slime”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrutɑ/, [ˈrut̪ɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -utɑ
* Hyphenation: ru‧ta

### Noun

ruta
* (rare) mud
    Synonym: muta

#### Declension

Possessive forms of ruta (Kotus type 10*F/koira, t-d gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rutani
rutani
accusative
nom.
rutani
rutani
gen.
rutani
genitive
rutani
rutieni rutaini $^{rare}$
partitive
rutaani
rutiani
inessive
rudassani
rudissani
elative
rudastani
rudistani
illative
rutaani
rutiini
adessive
rudallani
rudillani
ablative
rudaltani
rudiltani
allative
rudalleni
rudilleni
essive
rutanani
rutinani
translative
rudakseni
rudikseni
abessive
rudattani
rudittani
instructive
comitative
—rutineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rutasi
rutasi
accusative
nom.
rutasi
rutasi
gen.
rutasi
genitive
rutasi
rutiesi rutaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
rutaasi
rutiasi
inessive
rudassasi
rudissasi
elative
rudastasi
rudistasi
illative
rutaasi
rutiisi
adessive
rudallasi
rudillasi
ablative
rudaltasi
rudiltasi
allative
rudallesi
rudillesi
essive
rutanasi
rutinasi
translative
rudaksesi
rudiksesi
abessive
rudattasi
rudittasi
instructive
comitative
—rutinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rutamme
rutamme
accusative
nom.
rutamme
rutamme
gen.
rutamme
genitive
rutamme
rutiemme rutaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
rutaamme
rutiamme
inessive
rudassamme
rudissamme
elative
rudastamme
rudistamme
illative
rutaamme
rutiimme
adessive
rudallamme
rudillamme
ablative
rudaltamme
rudiltamme
allative
rudallemme
rudillemme
essive
rutanamme
rutinamme
translative
rudaksemme
rudiksemme
abessive
rudattamme
rudittamme
instructive
comitative
—rutinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rutanne
rutanne
accusative
nom.
rutanne
rutanne
gen.
rutanne
genitive
rutanne
rutienne rutainne $^{rare}$
partitive
rutaanne
rutianne
inessive
rudassanne
rudissanne
elative
rudastanne
rudistanne
illative
rutaanne
rutiinne
adessive
rudallanne
rudillanne
ablative
rudaltanne
rudiltanne
allative
rudallenne
rudillenne
essive
rutananne
rutinanne
translative
rudaksenne
rudiksenne
abessive
rudattanne
rudittanne
instructive
comitative
—rutinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rutansa
rutansa
accusative
nom.
rutansa
rutansa
gen.
rutansa
genitive
rutansa
rutiensa rutainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
rutaansa
rutiaan rutiansa
inessive
rudassaan rudassansa
rudissaan rudissansa
elative
rudastaan rudastansa
rudistaan rudistansa
illative
rutaansa
rutiinsa
adessive
rudallaan rudallansa
rudillaan rudillansa
ablative
rudaltaan rudaltansa
rudiltaan rudiltansa
allative
rudalleen rudallensa
rudilleen rudillensa
essive
rutanaan rutanansa
rutinaan rutinansa
translative
rudakseen rudaksensa
rudikseen rudiksensa
abessive
rudattaan rudattansa
rudittaan rudittansa
instructive
comitative
—rutineen rutinensa :

#### Derived terms

* rutainen
* Rutanen
* rutarousku

### Further reading

* “ruta”, in Nykysuomen sanakirja [The Dictionary of Modern Finnish]‎ (in Finnish), volume 4 (O–R), Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 1951–1961, page 795

## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

ruta m (genitive singular ruta, nominative plural rutaí)
* rut, beaten track
* place, district

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
ruta
rutaí
vocative
a ruta
a rutaí
genitive
ruta
rutaí
dative
ruta
rutaí
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an ruta
na rutaí
genitive
an ruta
na rutaí
dative
leis an ruta don ruta
leis na rutaí :

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ruta”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin rūta, from Ancient Greek ῥυτή (rhutḗ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈru.ta/
* Rhymes: -uta
* Hyphenation: rù‧ta

### Noun

ruta f (plural rute)
* rue (plant)

#### Derived terms

* rutato

### Anagrams

* -tura, Artù, Traù, tura, urta

## Kabuverdianu
### Noun

ruta
* black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus)

### References

* Gonçalves, Manuel (2015) Capeverdean Creole-English dictionary, →ISBN

## Karelian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian руда (ruda).

### Noun

ruta (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
* ore
* specifically bog iron
* pearl of an oyster

#### Synonyms

* (pearl): simčukka

### References

* Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “ruta”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎, Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN

## Kikuyu
### Etymology

Hinde (1904) records kurutta as an equivalent of English take off in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾuta/

### Verb

ruta (infinitive kũruta)
* to take out from
* to remove, to take away
    Mũmeni ũngĩ amũrutaga mbakĩ iniũrũ. ― One who hates another takes away his sniff from his nose.
* to teach
* to obtain, to produce
    Ndũgũ ĩrutagwo njĩra-inĩ. ― Friendship is usually made on the road.

#### Synonyms

* (to teach): kuonia

#### Derived terms

(Verbs)
* kũrutana
* kũrutĩra
(Nouns)
* mũrutani class 1
(Idioms)
* kũruta wĩra
(Proverbs)
* mũmenwo arutagwo mbakĩ iniũrũ

### References

* ↑ Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 58–59. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* 1 2 3 4 Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 24.
* ↑ Wanjohi, G. J. (1997). The Wisdom and Philosophy of the Gikuyu Proverbs: The Kihooto World-view, p. 244. Paulines Publications Africa.
* ↑ Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
* ↑ “ruta” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, pp. 413–414. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
* ↑ Njũrũri, Ngũmbũ (1969). Gĩkũyũ Proverbs, p. 104.

## Laboya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈruːta]

### Noun

ruta
* grass

### References

* Allahverdi Verdizade (2019) “ruta”, in Lamboya word list‎, Leiden: LexiRumah

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek ῥῡτή (rhūtḗ), from a Peloponnesian language.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈruː.ta/, [ˈruːt̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈru.ta/, [ˈruːt̪ä]

#### Noun

rūta f (genitive rūtae); first declension
* rue (bitter herb)

##### Declension

First-declension noun.

##### Descendants

* Catalan: ruda
* Dalmatian: roita
* Friulian: rude
* Italian: ruta
* Old French: rue, rude
** French: rue
** → Irish: rú
** → Middle English: rue, ruwe, rwe, rewe, reuwe, rew
*** English: rue
*** Scots: rew
** → Welsh: ruw
* Portuguese: arruda
* Romanian: rută
* Romansch: ruta
* Sicilian: aruta
* Spanish: ruda
* Translingual: Ruta
* → Ukrainian: ру́та (rúta)
* Venetan: ruda, rua
* → Proto-West Germanic: *rūtā (see there for further descendants)

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

ruta
* inflection of rutus:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

#### Participle

rutā
* ablative feminine singular of rutus

### References

* “ruta”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ruta”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "ruta", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* ruta in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* ruten

### Noun

ruta m sg or f sg
* definite feminine singular of rute

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

ruta f sg
* definite singular of rute

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈru.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uta
* Syllabification: ru‧ta

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin rūta.

#### Noun

ruta f (diminutive rutka, related adjective ruciany)
* rue (bitter herb)

##### Derived terms

* rutowate
* Ruta
* siać rutę impf

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French route. Doublet of raut.

#### Noun

ruta f
* (obsolete, rare) route
    Synonyms: kierunek, kurs, marszruta

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from German Rute / Ruthe.

#### Noun

ruta f
* flexible rod used for corporal punishment
    Hypernym: pręt
* (historical) rod (unit of measure)
    Synonym: pręt

##### Related terms

* szpicruta

### Further reading

* ruta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ruta in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈru.ta]

### Noun

ruta f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of rută

## Sotho
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.

### Verb

ruta
* to learn
* to read

#### Descendants

* → Phuthi: -rûda

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French route, from the Latin phrase via rupta (“a paved, cleared or 'broken' road”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈruta/ [ˈru.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -uta
* Syllabification: ru‧ta

### Noun

ruta f (plural rutas)
* highway
* route
    Synonyms: recorrido, rumbo
* (computing) path

#### Derived terms

* enrutar
* hoja de ruta
* Ruta de la Seda
* ruta fija
* rutero

### Further reading

* “ruta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -²ʉːta

### Etymology 1

From Middle Low German rūte, from Old High German rūta, probably from Latin rūta (“rue”). Cognates include Danish rude, Norwegian Bokmål rute and German Raute (“rhomb”).

#### Noun

ruta c
* square, tile, box (as on a checkerboard)
* windowpane (a piece of glass)
    Synonym: fönsterruta
* panel (single frame in a comic strip)
* lozenge (diamond-shaped heraldic charge)
* (games) foursquare
    Synonyms: bengtboll, king, kingboll, king out, nigger, nogger

##### Related terms

* (square): rutig, rutad

##### Descendants

* → Finnish: ruutu

### Etymology 2

From Latin rūta, from Ancient Greek ῥυτή (rhutḗ).

#### Noun

ruta c
* rue (plant of the genus Ruta)
    Synonym: vinruta

##### Declension
### Anagrams

* tura

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish ruta, from French route, from Latin via rupta.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈɾuta/ [ˈɾuː.t̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -uta
* Syllabification: ru‧ta

### Noun

ruta (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜆ)
* route; itinerary
    Synonyms: itineraryo, rumbo, landas, daan, daanan, yagban

#### Derived terms

* iruta
* magruta
* rumuta

#### Related terms

* bangkarote
* bangkrap

#### See also

* kalsada
* kalye

### Further reading

* “ruta”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* urat

## Yámana
### Etymology

From Spanish ruta.

### Noun

ruta
* path