# laurus
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* daurus (laurel)

### Etymology

From Old Latin dacrus.(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Related to Ancient Greek δάφνη (dáphnē, “laurel”), and likely borrowed there from an Aegean or Anatolian language. Together with the rare variation δαυχμός (daukhmós) and the name δαῦκος (daûkos), used for some umbelliferous plants, Beekes derives δάφνη (dáphnē) from *dakʷ-(n-). It is possibly related to Latin lacrima, dacrima and Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru, “tear, resin”), themselves from *dáḱru- and this from the compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (Eye-bitter), due to its poignancy as firewood, or its gummy sap. Traditionally, δαῦκος has been connected with δαίω (daíō, “to kindle, burn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈlau̯.rus/, [ˈɫ̪äu̯rʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈlau̯.rus/, [ˈläːu̯rus]

### Noun

laurus f (genitive laurī); second declension
* laurel tree
* (metonymically) laurels; a crown of laurel

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Synonyms

* (laurel tree): laurea
* (crown of laurel): laurea

#### Derived terms

* *laurārius
* laurētum
* laureus
* lauricomus
* laurifer
* lauriger
* laurīnus
* lauripotēns

#### Related terms

* laurea
* laureātus
* laureola

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Megleno-Romanian: laur
** Romanian: laur
* Italo-Romance:
** Central Italian: lauru, lauro, làvoro
** Corsican: addoru
** Italian: alloro
** Neapolitan: lauro, làvoro
** Sicilian: aḍḍauru, lauru
* Padanian:
** Lombard: laur
** Piedmontese: làuro, laur
** ⇒ Venetan: lavranèr, vialoro, doraro
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** >? Franco-Provençal: lôro (Valdôtain)
** Old French: lor
** Old Lorrain: loir
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Old Catalan: lor
*** Catalan: llor, llort
** Old Occitan: laur
*** Occitan: laur (Rouergue)
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: lloru
** Old Galician-Portuguese: louro
*** Galician: louro
*** Portuguese: louro, loiro
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: laru, lau, lavru
* → Albanian: lar
* → Asturian: lauro (learned)
* → Esperanto: laŭro
* → Italian: lauro (learned)
* → Polish: laur (learned)
* → Portuguese: lauro (learned)
* → Old Irish:
** Manx: laurys
** Scottish Gaelic: labhrais
* →? Proto-Brythonic: *llọrɨβ̃
** Welsh: llawryf
* → Proto-West Germanic: *laur (see there for further descendants)
* → Sicilian: lauru (learned)
* → Spanish: lauro (learned)
Unsorted borrowings:
* → Latvian: laurs
* → Lithuanian: laurų
* → Samogitian: lauros
* → West Slavic:
** Czech: vavřín
** Polish: wawrzyn
** Slovak: vavrín
** Lower Sorbian: ławrjeńc
** Upper Sorbian: ławrjenc
** → Hungarian: babér
** → Samogitian: babka, bakos
* → East and South Slavic:
** Belarusian: лаўр (laŭr)
** Bulgarian: лавър (lavǎr), лавров (lavrov)
** Bosnian: lovor
** Croatian: lovor
** Macedonian: лавор (lavor)
** Russian: лавр (lavr) (see there for further descendants)
** Serbo-Croatian: lovor, lovorika
*** Pannonian Rusyn: ловор (lovor)
** Slovene: lovor
** Ukrainian: лавр (lavr)

### References

* ↑ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “laurus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 775-776
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 306-307
* ↑ Chantraine, Pierre (1968–1980) “δαῦκος”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), volume 1, Paris: Klincksieck, pages 254-255
* AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 598: “l'alloro” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “laurus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 208

### Further reading

* “laurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “laurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* laurus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* "Lorbeer", Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (in German), volume XIII,2 (1927), column(s) 1431ff.