# 青春
## Chinese
### Etymology

Perhaps from "green" and "spring", the color and season associated with the Wu Xing element "Wood", which is associated with vitality.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīngchūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^1$ ceon$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhiâng-chhûn
    (Hailu, HRS): ciang$^ˋ$ chun$^ˋ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng-chŭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cing$^1$ cong$^1$ / cing$^1$ cuong$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-chhun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cên$^1$ cung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīngchūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cingchun
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^1$-chʻun$^1$
*** Yale: chīng-chwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingchuen
*** Palladius: цинчунь (cinčunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^1$ ceon$^1$
*** Yale: chīng chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^1$ tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^1$ cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiâng-chhûn
*** Hakka Romanization System: qiang$^ˊ$ cun$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qiang$^1$ cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ciang$^ˋ$ chun$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵³ t͡ʃʰun⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng-chŭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t͡sʰ-)}$ʒuŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cing$^1$ cong$^1$ [Phonetic: cing$^5$ cong$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ching-cheong
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cing$^1$ cuong$^1$ [Phonetic: cing$^5$ cuong$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰuoŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-chhun
*** Tâi-lô: tshing-tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhengzhwn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡sʰun³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cên$^1$ cung$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheⁿ tshung
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰuŋ³³/

### Noun

青春
* (literary) springtime; spring
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Qīngchūn shòu xiè, báirì zhāo zhǐ. [Pinyin]
    Green Spring receiveth the vacant earth; The white sun shineth.
* (figurative) youth; adolescence; youthfulness; prime of life
    當青春不再／当青春不再 ― dāng qīngchūn bùzài ― when we are no longer young
    青春的理想 ― qīngchūn de lǐxiǎng ― the ideals of youth
* (literary, usually honorific) age of young people

#### Synonyms

* (youth): (literary, figurative) 繁華／繁华 (fánhuá)

#### Derived terms

* 回復青春 / 回复青春
* 過了青春無少年 / 过了青春无少年
* 青春不再
* 青春兩敵 / 青春两敌
* 青春年少 (qīngchūnniánshào)
* 青春期 (qīngchūnqī)
* 青春永駐 / 青春永驻
* 青春活力 (qīngchūn huólì)
* 青春痘 (qīngchūndòu)
* 青春雙歧桿菌 / 青春双歧杆菌 (qīngchūn shuāngqígānjūn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 青春(せいしゅん) (seishun)
* → Korean: 청춘(靑春) (cheongchun)
* → Vietnamese: thanh xuân (青春)
* → Vietnamese: xuân xanh (calque)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 青 | 春 |
| せい Grade: 1 | しゅん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 靑春 (kyūjitai)

### Alternative forms

* (poetic) 青(あお)い春(はる) (aoi haru), アオハル (aoharu)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーしゅん [sèéshúń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːɕɨ̃ɴ]

### Noun

青(せい)春(しゅん) • (seishun)
* youth; adolescence

#### Derived terms

* 青春期(せいしゅんき) (seishunki)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 青 | 春 |

### Noun

青春 • (cheongchun) (hangeul 청춘)
* Alternative form of 靑春 (“youth; adolescence”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 青 | 春 |

### Noun

青春
* chữ Hán form of thanh xuân (“youth”).