# 扱

| 扱 | U+6271, &#25201; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6271 |
| ← 扰 [U+6270] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 扲 → [U+6272] |

## Translingual
### Han character

扱 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 手+3 in mainland China and Japanese, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 6 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 手弓竹水 (QNHE), four-corner 5704$_7$, composition ⿰扌及)
* collect, draw in, gather
* receive

#### Derived characters

* 𠳖, 𥮁

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 418, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11835
* Dae Jaweon: page 765, character 22
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1831, character 8
* Unihan data for U+6271

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 趿 | *sqʰɯːb |
| 鈒 | *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb |
| 靸 | *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb |
| 馺 | *sqʰɯːb |
| 砐 | *ŋɡɯːb |
| 魥 | *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab |
| 扱 | *skʰrɯːb |
| 笈 | *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb |
| 衱 | *ɡrab, *kab |
| 极 | *ɡrab, *ɡab |
| 昅 | *ɡab |
| 雭 | *sqʰrɯb |
| 急 | *krɯb |
| 級 | *krɯb |
| 汲 | *krɯb |
| 芨 | *krɯb |
| 伋 | *krɯb |
| 彶 | *krɯb |
| 及 | *ɡrɯb |
| 岌 | *ŋɡrɯb |
| 吸 | *qʰrɯb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰrɯːb): semantic ⺘ (“hand”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb). It conveys the meaning of "taking in by hand." In Japan, it is used to mean "to handle" or "to deal with."

#### References

* ↑ Digital Shinjigen 2017

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chā, xī (cha$^1$, xi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚ, ㄒㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caap$^3$ / kap$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chā
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cha
*** Wade–Giles: chʻa$^1$
*** Yale: chā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cha
*** Palladius: ча (ča)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xī
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: si
*** Wade–Giles: hsi$^1$
*** Yale: syī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
*** Palladius: си (si)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caap$^3$ / kap$^1$
*** Yale: chaap / kāp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaap$^8$ / kap$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cab$^3$ / keb$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːp̚³/, /kʰɐp̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsrheap
Rime :
| Character | 扱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) |
| Final (韻) | 洽 (152) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 楚洽切 |
| Baxter | tsrheap |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰˠɛp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰɐp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰəɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰɐp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰɐp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cha |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-qʰr[ə]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*skʰrɯːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 扱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chā |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsrhɛp › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-qʰr[ə]p/ |
| English | gather, collect |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 扱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5646 |
| Phonetic component | 及 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 插 |
| Old Chinese | /*skʰrɯːb/ |

#### Definitions

扱
* to collect
* to gather; to receive
* to arrest; to catch; to seize
* to insert

#### Compounds

* 扱鞋

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kap$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): kep$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kap$^1$
*** Yale: kāp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kap$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keb$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐp̚⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: kep$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰep̚⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

扱 (Cantonese)
* to cover
    扱返住支筆／扱返住支笔 [Cantonese] ― kap$^1$ faan$^1$ zyu$^6$ zi$^1$ bat$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to cover the pen (with the cap)
* to imprint
    扱印 [Cantonese] ― kap$^1$ jan$^3$ [Jyutping] ― to stamp

#### Compounds

* 扱印 (Cantonese)
* 扱手 (Cantonese)
* 扱手波 (Cantonese)
* 扱線 / 扱线 (Cantonese)
* 扱轉 / 扱转 (Cantonese)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khi̍p
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khi̍p
*** Tâi-lô: khi̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qip
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰip̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰip̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰip̚⁴/

#### Definitions

扱
* (Hokkien) to hold something tightly with one's five fingers

#### Compounds

* 拑扱

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 扱 |
| Kyūjitai | 扱󠄁 扱+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 扱󠄃 扱+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* handle

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* On: きゅう (kyū)
* Kun: あつかう (atsukau, 扱う, Jōyō)、おさめる (osameru, 扱める)、こく (koku, 扱く)、しごく (shigoku, 扱く)

### References

* ↑ “扱”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* Family Register Unified Characters (戸籍統一文字) 133160

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 扱.

### Hanja

扱 (eumhun 미칠 급 (michil geup))
* hanja form of 급 (“handle”)

#### Compounds

* 취급 (取扱, chwigeup, “handling; treatment”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

扱: Hán Nôm readings: gắp, tráp, cắp, chắp, đập, gấp, ghép, kẹp, cặp, chặp, dập, đắp, gặp, rấp, vập
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.