# Kindergarten
## German
### Alternative forms

* Kiga, KiGa (informal short form)

### Etymology

Kind (“child”) +‎ -er- +‎ Garten (“garden”). Coined in 1840 by Friedrich Fröbel in the metaphorical sense of “place where children can grow in a natural way”, not in the literal sense of “garden”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɪndərˌɡartən/, [ˈkɪndɐˌɡaʁtn̩], [-ˌɡaɐ̯tn̩]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Kin‧der‧gar‧ten

### Noun

Kindergarten m (strong, genitive Kindergartens, plural Kindergärten)
* nursery school; kindergarten; day care center (institution where children below school age play and are looked after during the day)
    Synonyms: (regional) Kindertagesstätte, (informal) Kiga

#### Usage notes

* The German institution is not regarded as a school, but as a form of day care. There is an element of Erziehung (“upbringing, character formation”), but none of Bildung (“learning, school education”). The actual German equivalent of a kindergarten in the American sense is Vorschule (literally “preschool”).
* Kindergarten generally refers to facilities for children between 2 or 3 and 6 or 7. It may be distinguished from Krippe, for children from birth until 2 or 3, and from Hort, which provides afterschool care for older children. In some states, it is a synonym of Kindertagesstätte while in others this is a broader term encompassing Krippe, Kindergarten and Hort.

#### Derived terms

* Arbeiter-Kindergarten
* Arbeiterkindergarten
* Betriebskindergarten
* Christus-Kindergarten
* Christuskindergarten
* Das ist hier wie im Kindergarten
* Fröbel-Kindergarten
* Fröbelkindergarten
* Fröbelkindergärtner
* Fröbelkindergärtnerin
* Ganztagskindergarten
* Gemeindekindergarten
* Gratiskindergarten
* Kindergarten-
* Kindergarten-Feind
* Kindergarten-Freund
* Kindergarten-Oma
* Kindergarten-Omi
* Kindergarten-Opa
* Kindergarten-Opi
* Kindergarten-Studie
* Kindergarten-Tag
* Kindergartenalter
* Kindergartenausschluss
* Kindergartenausschluß
* Kindergartenbedarf
* Kindergartenbefürworter
* Kindergartenbesuch
* Kindergartenbetrieb
* Kindergartenbewegung
* Kindergartendidaktik
* Kindergarteneinrichtung
* Kindergartenerzieher
* Kindergartenerziehung
* Kindergartenfeind
* kindergartenfeindlich
* Kindergartenfeindlichkeit
* Kindergartenfreund
* kindergartenfreundlich
* Kindergartenfreundlichkeit
* Kindergartengebäude
* Kindergartengebühr
* Kindergartengegner
* Kindergartengruppe
* Kindergartenhelfer
* Kindergartenidee
* Kindergartenjahr
* Kindergartenkind
* Kindergartenleben
* Kindergartenleiter
* Kindergartenoma
* Kindergartenomi
* Kindergartenopa
* Kindergartenopi
* Kindergartenpädagoge
* Kindergartenpädagogik
* kindergartenpädagogisch
* Kindergartenpflicht
* Kindergartenplatz
* Kindergartenschule
* Kindergartenschüler
* Kindergartenstandort
* Kindergartenstudie
* Kindergartentag
* Kindergartenverbot
* Kindergartenverein
* Kindergartenverfechter
* Kindergartenzeit
* Kindergärtler
* Kindergärtner
* Kirchenkindergarten
* Konfessionskindergarten
* Marienkindergarten
* Montessori-Kindergarten
* Montessorikindergarten
* Musterkindergarten
* Naturkindergarten
* Patenkindergarten
* Pfarrkindergarten
* Privatkindergarten
* Rudolf Steiner Kindergarten
* Rudolf-Steiner-Kindergarten
* Schulkindergarten
* Sonderkindergarten
* Vereinskindergarten
* Volkskindergarten
* Vormittags-Kindergarten
* Wald- und Naturkindergarten
* Waldkindergarten
* Waldkindergartenbewegung
* Waldorfkindergarten
* Werkkindergarten
* Werkskindergarten

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: kopsht fëmijësh (calque)
* → Armenian: մանկապարտեզ (mankapartez) (calque)
* → Bulgarian: де́тска гради́на (détska gradína) (calque)
* → Chinese: 幼兒園 / 幼儿园 (yòu'éryuán), 幼稚園 / 幼稚园 (yòuzhìyuán) (calque)
* → Danish: børnehave (calque)
* → Dutch: kindertuin (calque)
* → English: kindergarten
** → Malay: kindergarten
* → Esperanto: infanĝardeno (calque)
* → Estonian: lasteaed (calque)
* → Finnish: lastentarha (calque)
* → French: jardin d’enfants (calque)
* → Italian: giardino d'infanzia (calque)
* → Japanese: 幼稚園 (calque)
* → Norwegian: barnehage (calque)
* → Portuguese: jardim de infância (calque)
* → Russian: детский сад (detskij sad) (calque)
** → Azerbaijani: uşaq bağçası (calque)
* → Serbo-Croatian: dječji vrtić, дјѐчјӣ вртић, vr̀tić, вртић (calque)
* → Spanish: kindergarten, kínder, jardín de infancia, jardín de niños, jardín de infantes
* → Swedish: barnträdgård (calque)
* → Ukrainian: дитя́чий садо́к (dytjáčyj sadók), дитсадо́к (dytsadók) (calque)
* → Yiddish: קינדערגאָרטן (kindergortn) (calque)

### References

* ↑ Horace Mann, Elizabeth P. Peabody (1863) Moral Culture of Infancy and Kindergarten Guide‎, page 10:Kindergarten means a garden of children, and Froebel, the inventor of it, or rather, as he would prefer to express it, the discoverer of the method of Nature, meant to symbolize by the name the spirit and plan of treatment. How does the gardener treat his plants? He studies their individual natures, and puts them into such circumstances of soil and atmosphere as enable them to grow, flower, and bring forth fruit, also to renew their manifestation year after year.

### Further reading

* “Kindergarten” in Duden online
* “Kindergarten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* Kindergarten on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$