# سحر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *šaḥ(a)r- (“dawn, morning”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒀉𒄘𒍣𒂵 (šērum), Hebrew שַׁחַר (šáḥar, “dawn”) and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎈𐎗 (šḥr, “dawn; tomorrow, the future”); see Canaanite deity Shahar.

#### Noun

سَحَر • (saḥar) m
* (literary or archaic) dawn
* predawn
* the last part of the night before daybreak

##### Derived terms

* سَحُور (saḥūr, “the predawn meal before fasting, usually eaten in the last part of the night; suhur”)

##### Synonyms

* (dawn): فَجْر (fajr), صُبْح (ṣubḥ), غَدَاة (ḡadāh), بُكْرَة (bukra)

##### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “سحر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate

#### Verb

سَحَرَ • (saḥara) I (non-past يَسْحَرُ (yasḥaru), verbal noun سُحُور (suḥūr))
* (Islam) to eat at predawn or in the last part of the night before fasting

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

سَحْر or سَحَر • (saḥr or saḥar) m (dual سَحْرَان (saḥrān) or سَحَرَان (saḥarān), plural سُحُور (suḥūr))
* lung

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

سِحْر • (siḥr) m (plural أَسْحَار (ʔasḥār) or سُحُور (suḥūr))
* verbal noun of سَحَرَ (saḥara) (form I)
* witchcraft, magic, sorcery, wizardry
* charm; enchantment

##### Derived terms

* اِنْقَلَبَ السِّحْرُ عَلَى السَّاحِرِ (inqalaba s-siḥru ʕalā s-sāḥiri, idiom)

##### Descendants

* Maltese: seħer
* → Azerbaijani: sehr
* → Bashkir: сихыр (sixır)
* → Baluchi: سحر (sihr)
* → Javanese: ꦱꦶꦏꦶꦂ (sikir)
* → Persian: سحر (sehr)
* → Malay: sihir
** > Indonesian: sihir (inherited)
* → Ottoman Turkish: سحر (sihir)
** Turkish: sihir
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Latin script: sìhīr
    Cyrillic script: сѝхӣр
* → Swahili: sihiri
* → Zazaki: sihir
* → Urdu: سِحْر (sihr)
* → Uyghur: سېھىر (sëhir)
* → Uzbek: sehr

#### Verb

سَحَرَ • (saḥara) I (non-past يَسْحَرُ (yasḥaru), verbal noun سِحْر (siḥr))
* to bewitch, to charm, to spellbind, to fascinate, to curse
* to hurt one's heart, to restrict one's chest or breathing

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

سَحَّرَ • (saḥḥara) II (non-past يُسَحِّرُ (yusaḥḥiru), verbal noun تَسْحِير (tasḥīr))
* to conjure
* to bewitch, to charm

##### Conjugation
#### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سحر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 635–636
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “سحر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 290
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “سحر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1316-1318
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سحر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 483

## Baluchi
### Etymology

From Arabic سِحْر (siḥr).

### Noun

سحر • (sihr, sahr)
* magic

### See also

* جاتو (játú)
* جادو (jádú)
* جادوگر
* سحرگو (sahargo)
* سحر کنوخ (sihr kanox)

## Mazanderani
### Etymology

From Arabic سَحَر (saḥar).

### Noun

سحر (sahar)
* dawn

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Arabic سَحَر (saḥar).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sɛhɑɾ]

#### Noun

سحر • (sehar)
* dawn, daybreak
    Synonyms: بام (bam), شفق (şafak), طاك (dañ, tañ), فجر (facr)

##### Related terms

* سحرخیز (seharhız, “who rises from bed early in the morning”)
* سحرگاه (sehargâh) and سحرگه (sehargeh, “morning-time”)
* سحری (seharı, “matinal”)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic سِحْر (siḥr).

#### Pronunciation

* (15th–17th century) IPA: [sɯhɾ], [sɯhɯɾ]
* (18th–20th century) IPA: [sihɾ], [sihiɾ]

#### Noun

سحر • (sıhr, sıhır, sihr, sihir)
* magic, witchcraft

##### Related terms

* سحرباز (sihrbaz, sihirbaz, “magician”)
* سحار (sehhar, “magician”)
* سحربازلق (sıhırbazlık, sihirbazlık, “sorcery”)
* سحرلمك (sihirlemek, “to enchant”)
* سحرلی (sihirli, “enchanted”)
* سحری (sihri, “magic”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: sihir
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Latin script: sìhīr
    Cyrillic script: сѝхӣр

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic سَحَر (saḥar).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sa.ˈhaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sä.ɦǽɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sä.ɦǽɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sɑːǽɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sɔːǽɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sæ.ɦǽɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sä.ɦǽɾ]

#### Noun

سحر • (sahar)
* dawn
** c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 371”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:ما درس سحر در ره میخانه نهادیم محصول دعا در ره جانانه نهادیمmā dars-i sahar dar rah-i mayxāna nihādēm mahsūl-i du'ā dar rah-i jānāna nihādēmWe have cast away our morning classes on the way to the tavern; We have cast away the fruits of our prayers on the way to the beloved.(Classical Persian transliteration)

##### Derived terms

* سحرخیز (saharxiz, “early bird”)
* سحرگاه (sahargâh, “dawn”)
* سحری (sahari, “suhur; matinal”)
* مرغ سحر (morğ-e sahar, “nightingale”)

#### Proper noun

سحر • (sahar)
* a female given name, Sahar, from Arabic

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic سِحْر (siḥr).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sihɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [se̞ɦɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [se̞ɦɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sɪɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [siɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [seɦɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [seɦɾ]

#### Noun

سحر • (sehr)
* witchcraft, magic, sorcery, wizardry

##### Derived terms

* سحر حلال (sehr-e halâl, “poetry”, literally “religiously permitted magic”)
* سحرآمیز (sehr-âmiz, “enchanting”)
* سحری (sehri, “magical”)

## Urdu
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَحَر (sahar), from Arabic سَحَر (saḥar).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /sə.ɦəɾ/, [sɛ.ɦɛɾ]

#### Noun

سَحَر • (sahar) f (Hindi spelling सहर)
* dawn, daybreak

##### Derived terms

* سَحْری (sahrī, “suhur, a pre-dawn breakfast during the Ramadan fasting”)

#### Proper noun

سَحَر • (sahar) f (Hindi spelling सहर)
* a female given name, Sehar, from Arabic

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian سِحْر (sihr), from Arabic سِحْر (siḥr).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /seːɦɾ/, /sɪɦɾ/, [sɛ.ɦɛɾ]

#### Noun

سِحْر • (sehr or sihr) m (Hindi spelling सेहर)
* enchantment, sorcery, magic, wizardry, witchcraft

##### Synonyms

* جادُو (jādū)
* ٹونا (ṭonā)