# 泉水
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): quánshuǐ
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): quan$^2$ sui$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cyun$^4$ seoi$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'qyon$^2$ sui$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhièn-súi
    (Hailu, HRS): can shui$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): can$^2$ sui$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qye$^1$ sui$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciòng-cūi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syo$^2$ zui$^3$ / syaⁿ$^2$ zui$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chôaⁿ-chúi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zuan$^5$ zui$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zhi-sy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zienn$^2$ xyei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quánshuǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuánshuěi
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüan$^2$-shui$^3$
*** Yale: chywán-shwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyuanshoei
*** Palladius: цюаньшуй (cjuanʹšuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: quan$^2$ sui$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kuansui
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰyan²¹ suei⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cyun$^4$ seoi$^2$
*** Yale: chyùhn séui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn$^4$ soey$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qun$^4$ sêu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyːn²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'qyon$^2$ sui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈt͡ɕʰyɵn²⁴ sui²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhièn-súi
*** Hakka Romanization System: qien$^ˇ$ sui$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qian$^2$ sui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en¹¹ su̯i³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: can shui$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan⁵⁵ ʃui²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: can$^2$ sui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan¹¹ suɪ³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qye$^1$ sui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰye¹¹ suei⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciòng-cūi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suoŋ⁵³⁻³³ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒui³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syo$^2$ zui$^3$ [Phonetic: syo$^5$ lui$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sió̤ⁿ-cûi
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyɒ¹³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$lui⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syaⁿ$^2$ zui$^3$ [Phonetic: syaⁿ$^5$ nui$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬỹã¹³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$nui³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chôaⁿ-chúi
*** Tâi-lô: tsuânn-tsuí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zvoazuie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suã²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suã²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suã¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡suã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡suã²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zuan$^5$ zui$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuâⁿ tsúi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sũã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zhi-sy
*** MiniDict: zhi$^去$ sy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$xxi-sr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑi²² sz̩⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: zienn$^2$ xyei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡si̯ẽ¹³ ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯ẽ¹³ ɕy̯e̞i̯⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzjwen sywijX
Rime :
| Character | 泉 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (78) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 疾緣切 | 式軌切 |
| Baxter | dzjwen | sywijX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziuᴇn/ | /ɕˠiuɪ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zʷiɛn/ | /ɕʷᵚi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjuæn/ | /ɕiuɪ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zwian/ | /ɕjwi$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziuɛn/ | /ɕjui$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭwɛn/ | /ɕwi$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯wɛn/ | /ɕwi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | quán | shuǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyun$^4$ | seoi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-N-ɢʷar s.turʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sɡʷen qʰʷljilʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 泉 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | quán | shuǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzjwen › | ‹ sywij$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-N-ɢʷar/ (MC I!) | /*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j) |
| English | spring, source | water; river |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泉 | 水 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10728 | 11948 |
| Phonetic component | 泉 | 水 |
| Rime group | 元 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 全 | 水 |
| Old Chinese | /*sɡʷen/ | /*qʰʷljilʔ/ |

### Noun

泉水
* springwater
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Xiàng bǐ quánshuǐ, zǎi qīng zǎi zhuó. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 水泉 (shuǐquán) (literary or Min Nan)
* 泉 (quán) (literary, or in compounds)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 泉水 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 泉水 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 泉水, 泉子水 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 泉水 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 泉水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 泉水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 泉水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 泉水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 泉水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 泉水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 泉水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 泉水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 泉水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 泉水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 泉水 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 泉水 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 泉水 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 泉水 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 泉水 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 泉水 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泉水 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泉水 |
| Jin | Liangcheng | 泉水 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 泉水 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 泉水 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 泉水 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 泉水 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 泉水 |
| Wu | Danyang | 泉水 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 泉水 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 泉水 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 泉水 |

#### Derived terms

* 泉水河 (Quánshuǐhé)

#### See also

* 飲用水／饮用水 (yǐnyòngshuǐ)
* 淡水 (dànshuǐ)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 泉 | 水 |
| いずみ Grade: 6 | Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | irregular |

### Proper noun

泉(いずみ)水 • (Izumi)
* a surname