# تاب
## Arabic
### Etymology

Denominal verb of تَوْبَة (tawba). Doublet of ثَابَ (ṯāba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taː.ba/

### Verb

تَابَ • (tāba) I (non-past يَتُوبُ (yatūbu), verbal noun تَوْب (tawb) or تَوْبَة (tawba) or مَتَاب (matāb))
* to repent, to be penitent [with إِلَى (ʔilā) ‘to God’, along with عَنْ (ʕan) or مِنْ (min) ‘of a sin’]
    Synonyms: ثَابَ (ṯāba), رَجَعَ (rajaʕa), آبَ (ʔāba), أَنَابَ (ʔanāba), نَابَ (nāba)
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:143:فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَـٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَfalammā ʔafāqa qāla subḥānaka tubtu ʔilayka waʔana ʔawwalu l-muʔminīnaAnd when he (Moses) awoke, he said: "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first of believers!"
* to accept repentance [with عَلَى (ʕalā)]
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:17:إِنَّمَا ٱلتَّوْبَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ ٱلسُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُونَ مِن قَرِيبٍ فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًاʔinnamā t-tawbatu ʕalā l-lahi lillaḏīna yaʕmalūna s-sūʔa bijahālatin ṯumma yatūbūna min qarībin faʔūlāʔika yatūbu l-lahu ʕalayhim wakāna l-lahu ʕalīman ḥakīman(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* تَوَّاب (tawwāb)

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *tāp-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tāpás, from Proto-Indo-European *tep-.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tɑːβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːw]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰäw]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɒːb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɔb]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

#### Verb

تاب • (tâb)
* present stem form of تافتن (tâftan, “to glow, to be warm”)

#### Noun

تاب • (tâb)
* heat, warmth
* glow, radiance
* burning, illumination

##### Related terms

* آفتاب (âftâb, “sun, sunlight”)
* تابه (tâbe, “frying pan”)
* تب (tab, “fever”)
* مهتاب (mahtâb, “moonlight”)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *tāp-, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *temp-, extended form of *ten- (“to stretch”).

#### Verb

تاب • (tâb)
* present stem form of تافتن (tâftan, “to twist, to turn away”)

#### Noun

تاب • (tâb)
* swing (hanging seat)
* (poetic) curly lock of hair

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

تاب • (tâb)
* strength, ability
** c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 216:گفت و گوی او کنم تا صبح هر شب در خیال تاب وصلش چون ندارم از خیال خود خوشمguft u gō-yi ō kunam tā subh har šab dar xayāl tāb-i waslaš čūn na-dāram az xayāl-i xwad xwašamEvery night, I converse with her until dawn in my dreams; As I do not have the strength to meet her, I am pleased with my dreams.(Classical Persian transliteration)

#### References

* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “379”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “390”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

#### Further reading

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تاب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul