# 巢

| 巢 | U+5DE2, &#24034; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE2 |
| ← 巡 [U+5DE1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 巣 → [U+5DE3] |
| 巢 | U+2F882, &#194690; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F882 |
| ← 巡 [U+2F881] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 㠯 → [U+2F883] |

## Translingual
### Han character

巢 (Kangxi radical 47, 巛+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女女田木 (VVWD), four-corner 2290$_4$, composition ⿱巛果)

#### Derived characters

* 㑿, 𠻥, 𡏮, 𡡊, 摷, 樔, 𣝞, 𣩓, 漅, 𤍒, 𤑗, 㺐, 璅, 𥊌, 𥕘, 繅, 缫, 𦗔, 𦟳, 𧈈, 𧑀, 䜈, 𧷣, 𨄓, 轈, 𬨓, 𨢪, 鏁, 𬭲, 隟, 𩍀, 𩏙, 𩪑, 䲃, 𬷰, 𪍨
* 剿, 𠞰, 勦, 𢀊, 𢀋, 𢀌, 𭛘, 𰒱, 𧈊, 鄛, 𩫥, 𪅕
* 𭔐, 𡻝, 窼, 𥲀, 𮊗, 罺, 𦸛, 𧘀, 𭬺, 䟁
* 𠟾, 𠟿, 𠢶, 𣰩

### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 324, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8696
* Dae Jaweon: page 625, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1098, character 9
* Unihan data for U+5DE2
* Unihan data for U+2F882

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 巢 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 璅 | *ʔslaːwʔ |
| 繅 | *ʔslaːwʔ, *slaːw |
| 薻 | *ʔslaːwʔ |
| 罺 | *ʔsraːw, *sʰraːws |
| 摷 | *ʔsraːw, *raːw |
| 勦 | *sʰraːw, *zraːw, *ʔslawʔ |
| 巢 | *zraːw, *zraːws |
| 轈 | *zraːw |
| 樔 | *zraːw |
| 鄛 | *zraːw |
| 剿 | *ʔslawʔ |
| 漅 | *ʔslawʔ |
Pictogram (象形): a baby bird (巛) in a nest (田), which is on top of a tree (木).

### Etymology 1

* 巢 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Nest (English)
* 巢姓

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cháo (chao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄠˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): caau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cau$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sàu
    (Hailu, HRS): sau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): càu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): châu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cao$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cháo
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cháo
*** Wade–Giles: chʻao$^2$
*** Yale: cháu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaur
*** Palladius: чао (čao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caau$^4$
*** Yale: chàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰau²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sàu
*** Hakka Romanization System: sau$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /sau̯¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sau
*** Sinological IPA: /sau⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /sau¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: càu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sau⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: châu
*** Tâi-lô: tsâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zaau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sau²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sau¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sau²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zau
*** MiniDict: zau$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zɔ²³/
* Middle Chinese: dzraew, dzraewH
Rime :
| Character | 巢 | 巢 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 鉏交切 | 士稍切 |
| Baxter | dzraew | dzraewH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠau/ | /d͡ʒˠau$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚau/ | /ɖ͡ʐᵚau$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒau/ | /d͡ʒau$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐaɨw/ | /ɖ͡ʐaɨw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒau/ | /d͡ʒau$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒau/ | /d͡ʒau$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱau/ | /ɖ͡ʐʱau$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháo | zhào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caau$^4$ | zaau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤraw/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zraːw/, /*zraːws/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 巢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | cháo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzræw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[dz]ˁraw/ |
| English | nest |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 巢 | 巢 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1295 | 1300 |
| Phonetic component | 巢 | 巢 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 巢 | 巢 |
| Old Chinese | /*zraːw/ | /*zraːws/ |
| Notes | | 士原誤爲七依校本 |

#### Definitions

巢
* nest (for bird, ants, bees, etc.)
    Synonym: 窩 / 窝 (wō)
* lair; den
* (historical) name of an ancient musical instrument
* (historical) name of an ancient feudal state
* a surname

##### Compounds

* 傾巢 / 倾巢 (qīngcháo)
* 傾巢出動 / 倾巢出动 (qīngcháochūdòng)
* 傾巢而出 / 倾巢而出 (qīngcháo'érchū)
* 卵巢 (luǎncháo)
* 卵巢囊腫 / 卵巢囊肿 (luǎncháo nángzhǒng)
* 卵巢炎 (luǎncháoyán)
* 卵巢癌 (luǎncháo'ái)
* 巢傾卵破 / 巢倾卵破
* 巢居穴處 / 巢居穴处
* 巢木居野
* 巢毀卵破 / 巢毁卵破
* 巢湖 (Cháohú)
* 巢父
* 巢礎 / 巢础
* 巢穴 (cháoxué)
* 巢窩 / 巢窝
* 巢笙
* 巢箱
* 巢脾
* 巢車 / 巢车
* 巢鼠
* 幕上燕巢
* 搆木為巢 / 构木为巢
* 有巢氏
* 橧巢
* 歸巢 / 归巢
* 烏鵲通巢 / 乌鹊通巢
* 燕巢 (yàncháo)
* 燕巢幕上
* 燕巢於幕 / 燕巢于幕
* 珠巢
* 理院鵲巢 / 理院鹊巢
* 窠巢 (kēcháo)
* 築巢 / 筑巢 (zhùcháo)
* 精巢 (jīngcháo)
* 老巢 (lǎocháo)
* 舊燕歸巢 / 旧燕归巢
* 葦苕繫巢 / 苇苕系巢
* 蜂巢 (fēngcháo)
* 蜂巢胃 (fēngcháowèi)
* 覆巢之下無完卵 / 覆巢之下无完卵 (fùcháozhīxiàwúwánluǎn)
* 覆巢傾卵 / 覆巢倾卵
* 覆巢毀卵 / 覆巢毁卵
* 覆巢破卵
* 賊巢 / 贼巢 (zéicháo)
* 防有鵲巢 / 防有鹊巢
* 雀巢
* 香巢
* 鳥巢 / 鸟巢 (niǎocháo)
* 鳩佔鵲巢 / 鸠占鹊巢 (jiūzhànquècháo)
* 鳩僭鵲巢 / 鸠僭鹊巢 (jiūjiànquècháo)
* 鳩占鵲巢 / 鸠占鹊巢 (jiūzhànquècháo)
* 鳩奪鵲巢 / 鸠夺鹊巢 (jiūduóquècháo)
* 鳩居鵲巢 / 鸠居鹊巢 (jiūjūquècháo)
* 鳳還巢 / 凤还巢
* 鴉巢生鳳 / 鸦巢生凤
* 鵲巢 / 鹊巢
* 鵲巢鳩占 / 鹊巢鸠占 (quècháojiūzhàn)
* 黃巢之亂 / 黄巢之乱

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Perhaps related to 皺 / 皱 (zhòu).”

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): caau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cau$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caau$^4$
*** Yale: chàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰau²²/

#### Definitions

巢 (Cantonese)
* wrinkled; wrinkly
    巢皮 [Cantonese] ― caau$^4$ pei$^4$ [Jyutping] ― wrinkly skin
    張紙好巢／张纸好巢 [Cantonese] ― zoeng$^1$ zi$^2$ hou$^2$ caau$^4$ [Jyutping] ― The paper is very crumpled.
    張銀紙巢晒／张银纸巢晒 [Cantonese] ― zoeng$^1$ ngan$^4$ zi$^2$ caau$^4$ saai$^3$ [Jyutping] ― The banknote is completely crumpled.

#### Synonyms

* 皺／皱 (zhòu)

#### Compounds

* 巢咪𠵼
* 巢𠵼𠵼

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siū
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siū
*** Tâi-lô: siū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siu²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siu⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siu³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu³³/

#### Definitions

巢
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 岫 (siū, “nest, den or lair of animals”)
** 2017, 陳百潭 [Paitan Chen], “情難了”‎performed by 陳百潭 [Paitan Chen] and 陳凱欣:
       lâu-tio̍h khang-siū hō͘ góa chòe ko͘-chiáu [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

### References

* ↑ Chinese-Japanese character dictionary: OK辞典

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 巣 |
| Kyūjitai | 巢 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 巣)
* nest
* living quarter in tree

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kun: す (su, 巢)、すくう (sukuu, 巢くう)

## Korean
### Hanja

巢 • (so) (hangeul 소, McCune–Reischauer so)
* nest
* living quarter in tree

## Vietnamese
### Han character

巢: Hán Nôm readings: sào
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.