# 氷

| 氷 | U+6C37, &#27703; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C37 |
| ← 氶 [U+6C36] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 永 → [U+6C38] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 冰 |
| Simplified | 冰 |
| Japanese | 氷 |
| Korean | 氷 |

### Alternative forms

* 冫 (when used as a left Chinese radical)

### Han character

氷 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+1, 5 strokes, cangjie input 戈水 (IE), four-corner 3223$_0$, composition ⿽水丶)

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/冫
* 𭇛, 𬇟, 𤝣, 𣐚, 砯, 𬵌, 𬦋, 𫑌, 𬩏

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 603, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17087
* Dae Jaweon: page 996, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1546, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6C37

### Usage notes

This character is listed as the unorthodox form (俗字) of 冰 in the Kangxi dictionary.

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 氷 – see 冰 (“ice; ice-cold; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 冰).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)
* Kun: こおり (kōri, 氷, Jōyō)、ひ (hi, 氷, Jōyō)、こおる (kōru, 氷る)
* Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、すい (sui)

#### Compounds

* 氷柱(つらら) (tsurara, “icicle”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 氷
* こおり Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 凍り 冰 (uncommon)
⟨ko$_2$pori⟩ → */kəpori/ → /koɸori/ → /kowori/ → /koːri/
From Old Japanese.
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 凍る (kōru, “to freeze”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こおり [kòórí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːɾʲi]

#### Noun

氷(こおり) • (kōri)
* ice (frozen water)
** 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 46:
    氷　四聲字苑云：「水寒凍結也。」筆凌反［和名：比又古保利］Ice - according to the Sisheng Ziyuan: cold water, frozen and solidified. (Chinese fanqie: 筆凌; Japanese name: hi or kōri)
* a cold and sharp object, as a shard of ice
* Short for 氷水 (kōrimizu): ice water; water filled with ice
* Short for 氷襲 (kōrigasane): layered clothing with the front shining white and plain white at the back

##### Derived terms

* 氷(こおり)襲(がさね) (kōri-gasane)
* 氷(こおり)水(みず) (kōrimizu)
* 氷(こおり)屋(や) (kōriya)
* 薄(うす)氷(ごおり) (usugōri, “thin ice”)
* かき氷(ごおり) (kakigōri)
* 氷(こおり)砂(ざ)糖(とう) (kōrizatō)
* 初(はつ)氷(ごおり) (hatsugōri)

#### Proper noun

氷(こおり) • (Kōri)
* a female given name
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 氷
* ひ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 冰 (uncommon)
⟨pi$_1$⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/
From Old Japanese. Attested in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE.
Possibly cognate with 冷える (hieru, “to become cold”).
Compare Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping).

#### Noun

氷(ひ) • (hi)
* ice (frozen water)
    Synonym: アイス (aisu)
** 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 46:
    氷　四聲字苑云：「水寒凍結也。」筆凌反［和名：比又古保利］Ice - according to the Sisheng Ziyuan: cold water, frozen and solidified. (Chinese fanqie: 筆凌; Japanese name: hi or kōri)
* hail (precipitated ice)
    Synonym: 雹 (hyō)

##### Derived terms

* 氷(ひ)川(かわ) (Hikawa)
* 氷(ひ)雨(さめ) (hisame)
* 氷(ひ)室(むろ) (himuro, “icehouse”)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 氷
* ひょう Grade: 3
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ço̞ː]

#### Affix

氷(ひょう) • (hyō)
* ice
* freeze, congeal
* icy, cold

##### Derived terms

* 雹(ひょう) (hyō, “hail”)
* 氷(ひょう)菓(か) (hyōka)
* 氷(ひょう)河(が) (hyōga)
* 氷(ひょう)塊(かい) (hyōkai)
* 氷(ひょう)海(かい) (hyōkai, “icy waters”)
* 氷(ひょう)解(かい) (hyōkai)
* 氷(ひょう)結(けつ) (hyōketsu)
* 氷(ひょう)山(ざん) (hyōzan)
* 氷(ひょう)釈(しゃく) (hyōshaku)
* 氷(ひょう)雪(せつ) (hyōsetsu)
* 氷(ひょう)柱(ちゅう) (hyōchū)
* 氷(ひょう)点(てん) (hyōten)
* 海(かい)氷(ひょう) (kaihyō)
* 堅(けん)氷(ぴょう) (kenpyō)
* 砕(さい)氷(ひょう) (saihyō)
* 製(せい)氷(ひょう) (seihyō)
* 薄(はく)氷(ひょう) (hakuhyō, “thin ice”)
* 霧(む)氷(ひょう) (muhyō)
* 流(りゅう)氷(ひょう) (ryūhyō)

### See also

* アイス (aisu)
* 二(に)水(すい) (nisui, “‘ice’ radical”)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
* ↑ “氷・冰”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping). Recorded as Middle Korean 冰/비ᇰ (ping) (Yale: ping) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 氷 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing))
* hanja form of 빙 (“ice”)

#### Compounds

* 결빙(結氷) (gyeolbing)
* 박빙(薄氷) (bakbing)
* 빙결(氷結) (binggyeol)
* 빙벽(氷壁) (bingbyeok)
* 빙붕(氷棚) (bingbung)
* 빙상(氷上) (bingsang)
* 빙수(氷水) (bingsu)
* 빙판(氷板) (bingpan)
* 빙하(氷河) (bingha)
* 해빙(解氷) (haebing)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

氷: Hán Nôm readings: băng
* Alternative form of 冰.
** Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú (新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註)
    但(Đãn)以(dĩ)雲(vân)邉(biên)氷(băng)玉(ngọc)之(chi)姿(tư)（㐱(Chỉn)𥙩(lấy)蒸(chưng)姿(tư)質(chất)氷(băng)玉(ngọc)於(ở)边(bên)𩄲(mây)）Only with the aptitude of ice and jade by the clouds' edge.