# عرض
## Arabic
### Verb

* Audio:(file)
عَرَضَ • (ʕaraḍa) I (non-past يَعْرِضُ (yaʕriḍu), verbal noun عَرْض (ʕarḍ))
* to appear
* to happen, to occur
* to show, to display, to present
    يُعَرِّضُ الفَنَّانُ لَوْحَتَهُ فِي الْمَعْرِضِ الْفَنِّيِّ.yuʕarriḍu l-fannānu lawḥatahu fī l-maʕriḍi l-fanniyyi.The artist displays his painting at the art exhibition.
* to expose

#### Conjugation
### Verb

عَرُضَ • (ʕaruḍa) I (non-past يَعْرُضُ (yaʕruḍu), verbal noun عِرَض (ʕiraḍ) or عَرَاضَة (ʕarāḍa))
* to be or become wide

#### Conjugation
### Verb

عُرِضَ • (ʕuriḍa) I (passive-only, non-past يُعْرَضُ (yuʕraḍu), verbal noun عَرْض (ʕarḍ))
* to be seized by madness

#### Conjugation
### Verb

عَرَّضَ • (ʕarraḍa) II (non-past يُعَرِّضُ (yuʕarriḍu), verbal noun تَعْرِيض (taʕrīḍ))
* to broaden, to widen, to enlarge
* to place one thing opposite another
* to offer, to expose, to hand, to exchange
* to write indistinctly, illegibly, to merely hint, to speak obscurely, to write phrases susceptible to multiple meanings or to write letters not distinct
    Antonym: صَرَّحَ (ṣarraḥa)
* to defame, to slander, to abuse
* to underdo the meat
* to mark the camel at the hoof
* to circumcise children
* to become possessed by power of speech, to be eloquent

#### Conjugation
### Noun

عَرْض • (ʕarḍ) m (plural عُرُوض (ʕurūḍ))
* verbal noun of عَرِضَ (ʕariḍa) (form I)
* verbal noun of عَرَضَ (ʕaraḍa) (form I)
* happening, event
* presentation, representation
* show, exhibition
* review
* review of souls, last judgment
* memoir, petition
* offer, proposition, motion
* side
* collection of clouds
* commodity
* goods, merchandise, movables

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: عرض (arz)
** Turkish: arz
* → Spanish: alarde

### Noun

عَرْض • (ʕarḍ) m (plural أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ) or عُرُوض (ʕurūḍ) or عِرَاض (ʕirāḍ))
* breadth, width
    Coordinate term: طُول (ṭūl)
* latitude
    Coordinate term: طُول (ṭūl)
* midst, middle
    عَرْض الشَّيْء ― ʕarḍ aš-šayʔ ― the thing itself

#### Descendants

* → Magahi: 𑂃𑂩𑂔 (araj)

### Noun

عَرْض • (ʕarḍ) m (plural أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ) or عُرُوض (ʕurūḍ))
* mountain
* base of a mountain

#### Declension
### Noun

عَرْض • (ʕarḍ) m (plural أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ))
* army
* locusts

#### Declension
### Noun

عَرْض • (ʕarḍ) m
* verbal noun of عُرِضَ (ʕuriḍa) (form I)
* compensation, substitute
* madness, possession by a jinn
* hour

#### Declension
### Noun

عَرَض • (ʕaraḍ) m (plural أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ))
* (medicine) symptom, characteristic, accident as opposed to substance, what exposes another thing to view, manifestation
* (philosophy) accident (appearance, manifestation)
    Coordinate term: ذَات (ḏāt, “essence”)

#### Descendants

* → Persian: عرض (araz)

### Noun

عِرْض • (ʕirḍ) m (plural أَعْرَاض (ʔaʕrāḍ))
* tract, quarter, low land
* blame, attribution of vice, reproach, reputation
** c. 800, Abū Nuwās, طَرِبَ الشيْخُ فغنّى واصْطبحْ:طَرِبَ الشيْخُ فغنّى، واصْطبحْ من عُقارٍ تُنهبُ الهمّ الفَرَحْ أخَذتْ من كلّ شيءٍ لَوْنَهــا، هي في ناجودها قوْسُ قُزَحْ شيْخُ لذّاتٍ، نقِيٌّ عِرْضُهُ، تحْسُنُ الأشعارُ فيه، والمِدَحْ. لا تراهُ الدّهْرُ إلاّ ثَمِلاً، بينَ إبْريقٍ، وزِقٍّ، وقدَحْṭariba aš-šayḵu fa-ġannā, wa-iṣṭabaḥ min ʿuqārin tunhabu l-hamma l-faraḥ ʾaḵaḏat min kulli šayʾin lawna-hā hiya fī nājūdi-hā qawsu quzaḥ. šayḵu laḏḏātin, naqiyyun ʿirḍu-hū taḥsunu al-ʾašʿāru fī-hi, wa-l-midaḥ, la tarā-hu ad-dahru illā ṯamilan, bayna ʾibrīqin, wa-ziqqin, wa-qadaḥ. The shaykh gleed and sang and craved more booze forthy delight removes the sorrow. He obtained from every thing its hues and his cup exposed a rainbow. Shaykh of bliss, no way blammed, The notes of him are merry, fele to plaud, Fate sees him not but slammed, betwixe ewer and wineskin, beaker-pawed.

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: عرض (ırz)
** → Turkish: ırz
*** → Serbo-Croatian: рз

### Noun

عِرَض • (ʕiraḍ) m
* verbal noun of عَرُضَ (ʕaruḍa) (form I)

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic عَرْض (ʕarḍ, “breadth, width”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaɾz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæɹz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]

#### Noun

عَرض • ('arz)
* breadth, width
    Synonym: پهنا (pahnā)
    Coordinate term: طول (tul)
* latitude
    Synonym: پهنا (pahnā)
    Coordinate term: طول (tul)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic عَرْض (ʕarḍ).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaɾz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔäɹz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæɹz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäɹz]

#### Noun

عَرض • ('arz)
* request, petition
    Synonym: خواهش (xâheš)

##### Descendants

* → Bengali: আরজ (aroj)
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਅਰਜ਼ (arz)
** Shahmukhi script: عرض (ʻrẓ)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic عَرَض (ʕaraḍ).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔa.ɾaz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.ɾäz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.ɾäz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.ɾäz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.ɾäz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.ɹæz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔä.ɾäz]

#### Noun

عَرَض • ('araz) (plural اَعراض (a'râz))
* (philosophy) accident, form (as opposed to substance)
    Coordinate term: جوهر (jowhar)
* symptom, manifestation

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from Arabic عِرْض (ʕirḍ).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔiɾz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪɹz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪɹz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪɹz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔiɹz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔeɹz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔiɹz]

#### Noun

عِرض • ('erz)
* reputation

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic عَرَضَ (ʕaraḍa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.radˤ/, [ˈʕɑ.rɑdˤ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

عرض • (ʕaraḍ) I (present بعرض (boʕroḍ))
* to show, to display, to present

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Arabic عَرَّضَ (ʕarraḍa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕar.radˤ/, [ˈʕɑr.rɑdˤ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

عرّض • (ʕarraḍ) II (present بعرّض (biʕarreḍ))
* to expose

##### Conjugation
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَرْض (ʕarḍ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /əɾz/
* Rhymes: -əɾz
* Homophone: ارض (arẓ)

### Noun

عَرْض • ('arz) f (Hindi spelling अर्ज़)
* request
* petition
* width
* (geography, astronomy) latitude

#### Derived terms

* عرض کرنا (arz karnā)

### References

* S. W. Fallon (1879) “عرض”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
* “عرض”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “عرض”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “عرض”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* “عرض”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* John Shakespear (1834) “عرض”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC