# km

| ㎞ | U+339E, &#13214; SQUARE KM |
| ← ㎝ [U+339D] | CJK Compatibility | ㎟ → [U+339F] |

## Translingual
### Symbol

km
* (metrology) Symbol for kilometre (kilometer), an SI unit of length equal to 10$^3$ metres (meters).
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Khmer.

#### Derived terms

* km/h

#### Related terms

* kms

#### Translations
### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Khmer terms

## Danish
### Noun

km
* (crochet) Abbreviation of kædemaske.

## Egyptian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /kaːm/ → /kaːm/ → /kaːm/ → /koːm/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /kaːm/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /kaːm/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /kaːm/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /koːm/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /kɛm/
** Conventional anglicization: kem

#### Verb

2-lit.
* (transitive) to complete
* (transitive) to total, to sum up to
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 127–128: km.n.n sfḫjw-djw ḥfꜣw m msw.j ḥnꜥ snw.jWe totalled seventy-five snakes, comprising my children along with my siblings.

##### Inflection

infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive$^1$
singular
plural
km
kmw, km
kmt
km, j.km
km, j.km
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective$^2$
periphrastic prospective$^2$
km
ḥr km
m km
r km
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
km.n
kmw, km
consecutive
km.jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
terminative
kmt
perfective$^3$
km
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
obligative$^1$
km.ḫr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
imperfective
km, j.km$^1$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
prospective$^3$
km
kmm
potentialis$^1$
km.kꜣ
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
subjunctive
km, j.km$^1$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
km.n
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
perfective
km
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
km
kmm, kmmj$^6$, km$^2$, kmw$^{25}$, kmy$^{25}$
imperfective
j.km$^1$, km, kmy, kmw$^5$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
j.km$^1$, j.kmw$^{15}$, km, kmj$^6$, kmy$^6$
km, kmw$^5$
prospective
km, kmtj$^7$
kmtj$^4$, kmt$^4$
$^1$ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
$^2$ Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
$^3$ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
$^4$ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
$^5$ Only in the masculine singular.
$^6$ Only in the masculine.
$^7$ Only in the feminine. :

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Afroasiatic *kam- (“to be black”).

#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈkuːmaw/ → /ˈkuːmaw/ → /ˈkuːmə/ → /keːm/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈkuːmaw/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈkuːmaw/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈkuːmə/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /keːm/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /kɛm/
** Conventional anglicization: kem

#### Adjective

* perfective active participle of kmm: black

##### Alternative forms

See the ‘Alternative forms’ section under the main verb.

##### Derived terms

See the ‘Derived terms’ section under the main verb.

##### Descendants

* Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲁⲙⲉ (khame), ⲭⲉⲙⲓ (khemi)
* Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲉⲙⲓ (kemi), ⲕⲉⲙ (kem)
* Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲁⲙⲉ (kame), ⲕⲙⲙⲉ (kmme), ⲕⲁⲙ (kam)

##### See also

Colors in Egyptian · (jwnw) (layout · text) :
| basic colors | (ḥḏ) | (km) | (dšr) | (wꜣḏ) |
| nonbasic colors | (qnjt) | (ḫsbḏ) | (jrtjw) |

### References

* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 286
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 316.