# 公安
## Chinese

* 公安 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 公安 (Cantonese)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōng'ān
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ ㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gung$^1$ on$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kûng-ôn
* Eastern Min (BUC): gŭng-ăng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kong-an
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gong$^1$ ang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$kon-oe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōng'ān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gong-an
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$-an$^1$
*** Yale: gūng-ān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongan
*** Palladius: гунъань (gunʺanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gung$^1$ on$^1$
*** Yale: gūng ōn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gung$^1$ on$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gung$^1$ on$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ ɔːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûng-ôn
*** Hakka Romanization System: gung$^ˊ$ on$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gung$^1$ on$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ on²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭng-ăng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuŋ⁵⁵ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong-an
*** Tâi-lô: kong-an
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kong'afn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³ an³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ an⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gong$^1$ ang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kong ang
*** Sinological IPA : /koŋ³³⁻²³ aŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kon-oe
*** MiniDict: kon$^平$ oe
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$kon-oe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵⁵ ø²¹/

### Noun

公安
* public security, public safety; police (in mainland China)
    公安機關／公安机关 ― gōng'ān jīguān ― public security agency
    公安條例／公安条例 [Cantonese] ― gung$^1$ on$^1$ tiu$^4$ lai$^6$ [Jyutping] ― Public Order Ordinance (of Hong Kong)
** 1912 March 2, “大總統令內務司法兩部通飭所屬禁止刑訊文”, in 臨時政府公報, volume 27, page 581:
       Xíngfá zhī mùde, zài wéichí guóquán, bǎohù gōng'ān. [Pinyin]
       The aim of punishment is to uphold the political power of the state and protect public security.
* public security officer; police officer

#### Usage notes

* Whilst 公安 refers to the PRC's police force in mainland China, equivalent institutions outside of mainland China are usually referred to as 警察 (jǐngchá).

#### Derived terms

* 公安局 (gōng'ānjú)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 公安(こうあん) (kōan)
* → Korean: 공안(公安) (gong'an)
* → Vietnamese: công an (公安)
Others:
* → Khmer: កុងអាន (kongʼaan) (via Vietnamese)
* → Zhuang: gungh'anh

### Proper noun

公安
* (～縣) Gong'an (a county of Jingzhou, Hubei, China)
* (～鎮) Gong'an (a town in Zhongshan, Hezhou, Guangxi, China)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 公 | 安 |
| こう Grade: 2 | あん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

公(こう)安(あん) • (kōan)
* public safety
* police officers responsible for matters of national security and counter-intelligence.

### Proper noun

公(こう)安(あん) • (Kōan)
* Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department Public Security Bureau

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 公 | 安 |

### Noun

公安 • (gong'an) (hangeul 공안)
* hanja form of 공안 (“PRC police; public safety”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 公 | 安 |

### Noun

公安
* chữ Hán form of công an (“public security”).