# yvel
## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English yfel, from Proto-West Germanic *ubil, from Proto-Germanic *ubilaz, of disputed further etymology.

#### Alternative forms

* ivel, evel, uvel, ivil, evil, yvyl, evyl, yvyll, ivyll, evyll, evill, yvell, evell, eveyl, yvle
* ifel, yfel, ufel, eovel, ifell (Early Middle English)
* uvel (West Midlands)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈivəl/, /ˈeːvəl/
* (West Midlands) IPA: /ˈyvəl/
* (Kent) IPA: /ˈɛvəl/, /ˈɛːvəl/

#### Adjective

yvel (plural and weak singular yvele, comparative worse, superlative worst)
* Morally evil; iniquitous, malign
* Causing harm; injurious, damaging:
** (pathology) infected, abnormal
** Causing trouble; tendentious, irascible
* Not pleasing; unpleasant, foul.
* Worthy of pity; pitiful, sorry.
* Having bad fortune; unlucky, unfortunate
* Of poor design or manufacture; bad, shoddy
* Disparaging, negative, uncomplimentary.
* Not trusted; untrustworthy
* Not easy; challenging, hard

##### Related terms

* yvel doer
* yvelen
* yvel fare
* yvelnesse
* yvel wille

##### Descendants

* English: evil
* Scots: evil

##### References

* “ivel, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

#### Noun

yvel (plural yveles)
* Moral evil; iniquity, wrongness:
** c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Joon ·i· 5:19, page 115v, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:we witen þat we ben of god .· ⁊ al þe woꝛld is ſet in yuelWe know that we are from God, and that all the world is stuck in evil.
** A sin or moral transgression.
** An evil or malicious being.
* Harm, injury, trouble:
** Someone or something that harms or troubles.
** A malady or disease.
** (rare) Negative or uncomplimentary speech.

##### Descendants

* English: evil
* Scots: evil

##### References

* “ivel, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

From Old English yfele, yfle (“evilly, badly”).

#### Alternative forms

* ivel, evel, evil, evyl, evell, evyll, yvele, evele, yvle
* yfele, ufele (Early Middle English)
* uvel, uvele (West Midlands)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈivəl(ə)/, /ˈeːvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/
* (West Midlands) IPA: /ˈyvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/
* (Kent) IPA: /ˈɛvəl(ə)/, /ˈɛːvəl(ə)/, /-vlə/

#### Adverb

yvel (comparative worse, superlative worst)
* wickedly, evilly, iniquitously
* badly, sloppily, poorly
* injuriously, harmfully; in a damaging way.
** c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39)‎, folio 34, recto, lines 30-31; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:Up ſtod him iudaſ lord am I þat [frec]. / I naſ neuer o þe ſtude þer me þe evel ſpec.Judas stood up: "Lord, am I that bold? / I was never anywhere where people spoke ill about you."
* hurtfully; in a way causing physical injury.
* unfortunately, sadly, miserably.
* wrongly, incorrectly; counter to fact.
* sickly; having disease or illness.
* in no way, hardly, insufficiently.
* just, barely; by a narrow margin.

##### Descendants

* English: evil (obsolete)

##### References

* “ivel(e, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.