# rase
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English rasen, from Old French raser, from Vulgar Latin *rasare, from Latin rasus < rado. See also erase.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)
* enPR: rāz, IPA: /ɹeɪz/
* Homophones: raise, rays, raze, rehs, réis, res
* Rhymes: -eɪz

### Noun

rase (plural rases)
* (obsolete) A scratching out, or erasure.
** 1612, Pietro Martire “d'” Anghiera, De Novo Orbe, Or the Historie of the West Indies, page 89:But of the diuersitie of popingaies, we haue spoken sufficiently in the firste Decade: for in the rase of this large lande, Colonus him selfe brought and sent to the courte a great number of euery kinde, the whiche it was lawfull for all the people to beholde, and are yet daily brought in like manner.
** 1628, John Gaule, The Practiqve Theorists Panegyrick. … A Sermon preached at Pauls-Crosse:The rase of whose skinne […] was more then the torment of their wretched Bodyes
** 1773, “Hycke-Scorner: A Morality.”, in Thomas Hawkins, editor, The Origin of the English Drama, page 89:Felowes, they shall never more us withstonde, For I se them all drowned in the rase of Irlonde,
* A slight wound; a scratch.
* A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it.

### Verb

rase (third-person singular simple present rases, present participle rasing, simple past and past participle rased)
* (obsolete) To rub along the surface of; to graze.
** 1692, Robert South, “A Sermon Preached at Westminster-Abbey, February 22. 1684-5. [Julian calendar]”, in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions. […], volume I, London: […] J[ohn] H[eptinstall] for Thomas Bennet, […], →OCLC, page 317:For was he not in the neareſt Neighbourhood to Death? And might not the Bullet, that perhaps razed his Cheek, have as eaſily gone into his Head?
** 1786, [William Beckford], translated by [Samuel Henley], An Arabian Tale, from an Unpublished Manuscript: […] [Vathek], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 103:Sometimes, his feet raſed the ſurface of the water; and, at others, the ſkylight almoſt flattened his noſe.
* (obsolete) To rub or scratch out; to erase.
** 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 25”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […]‎, London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:The painefull warrier famoſed for worth, After a thouſand victories once foild, Is from the booke of honour raſed quite, And all the reſt forgot for which he toild: […]
** 1660, Thomas Fuller, “Name General”, in Mixt Contemplations in Better Times, London: […] R[oger] D[aniel] for Iohn Williams, […], →OCLC, page 17:Though we carry a ſimple and ſingle remembrance of our loſſes unto the grave, it being impoſſible to do other-waies (except we raze the faculty of memory Roote and Branch out of our mind) yet let us not keep any record of them with the leaſt reflection of revenge.
** 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 361–363:Though of their Names in heavenly Records now / Be no memorial, blotted out and ras'd / By thir Rebellion, from the Books of Life.
* To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze.
** [1611?], Homer, “Book II”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume I, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC, page 58:[…] till Troy were by their brave hands rac'd, / They would not turn home: […]The spelling has been modernized.
* To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow.

### Anagrams

* Sare, EARs, eras, arse, AREs, Sera, Ersa, ERAs, reas, Sear, sera, sear, ears, SERA, Ares, ares, ARSE, sare

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrasɛ]

### Noun

rase f
* dative/locative singular of rasa

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse rasa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raːsə/, [ˈʁɑːsə]

### Verb

rase (imperative ras, infinitive at rase, present tense raser, past tense rasede, perfect tense har raset)
* to rage
* to storm

## Estonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rasëda (“tired; pregnant; heavy”), from Proto-Finno-Permic *ranśe. Related to raske (“heavy”) (from *raskëda, where the -k- is a derivational suffix). Replaced earlier raskejalgne (literally “having heavy feet”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑse/, [ˈrɑse̞]
* Rhymes: -ɑse
* Hyphenation: ra‧se

### Adjective

rase (genitive raseda, partitive rasedat)
* pregnant (carrying a fetus developing in its organism, expecting a child)
    rase naine ― a pregnant woman
    rasedaks jääma ― to get pregnant
    Naine on kaheksandat kuud rase. ― The woman is eight months pregnant.
* (figurative) filled (with something abstract)
** 1937, Heiti Talvik, Sügiselaul (poetry):Ammu juba viimse vase / vahtraladvad poetand rohtu. / Üksik uib, mis viljast rase, / trotsimas veel hallaohtu.The maple tops have long since shed / their last copper colour into the grass. / A lonely catkin, filled with fruit, / still defies the threat of frost.

#### Usage notes

* rase chiefly refers to humans, while tiine refers to animals.

#### Derived terms

* rasedus
* rasestama
* rasestuma

#### Compounds

* lõpurase
* riskirase

#### Related terms

* raske

### Noun

rase (genitive raseda, partitive rasedat)
* a pregnant person (usually a woman)
    rasedate võimlemine ― prenatal aerobics (literally, “aerobics for pregnant women”)

#### Declension
### References

* rase in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “rase”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁaz/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

rase
* feminine singular of ras

### Verb

rase
* inflection of raser:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “rase”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* ares, Arès, sera

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːzə

### Verb

rase
* inflection of rasen:
** first-person singular present
** first/third-person singular subjunctive I
** singular imperative

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦫꦱꦺ (rasé).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrase/
* Hyphenation: ra‧sé

### Noun

rasé (uncountable)
* small Indian civet (Viverricula indica)
    Synonyms: musang bulan, musang rase

#### Coordinate terms

* binturung
* dedes
* linsang
* luak
* luwak
* musang
* sigung
* teledu

### Further reading

* “rase” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Verb

rase
* third-person singular past historic of radere

### Adjective

rase
* feminine plural of raso

### Anagrams

* Ares, arse, resa, sera

## Latin
### Participle

rāse
* vocative masculine singular of rāsus

### References

* "rase", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Latvian
### Noun

rase f (5th declension)
* race (a large group of people set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage)
* colour

#### Derived terms

* rasists

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Italian razza and Middle French race.

#### Noun

rase m (definite singular rasen, indefinite plural raser, definite plural rasene)
* a race (of humankind)
* a breed (of animal)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse rasa.

#### Verb

rase (imperative ras, present tense raser, passive rases, simple past raste, past participle rast, present participle rasende)
* to be furious, fume, rage, rave
* (figurative: fever, plague, war) to rage
* (river) to rush, sweep over, tear along
* (storm) to wreak havoc
* (e.g. in an avalanche) to fall, slide
* (with sammen) to collapse, cave in

##### Derived terms

* raseri

### References

* “rase” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “rase_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “rase_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Italian razza and Middle French race.

#### Noun

rase m (definite singular rasen, indefinite plural rasar, definite plural rasane)
* a race (of humankind)
* a breed (of animal)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse rasa.

#### Verb

rase (present tense rasar, past tense rasa, past participle rasa, passive infinitive rasast, present participle rasande, imperative rase/ras)
* to be furious, fume, rage, rave
* (figurative: fever, plague, war) to rage
* (river) to rush, sweep over, tear along
* (storm) to wreak havoc
* (e.g. in an avalanche) to fall, slide
* (with saman) to collapse, cave in

##### Alternative forms

* rasa

##### Derived terms

* raseri

### References

* “rase” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrase/
* Hyphenation: ra‧sé

### Noun

rase
* civet
    Synonyms: lubak, luwak

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦱꦺ (rasé)
** → Indonesian: rase

### Further reading

* "rase" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀭𑀲𑁂 (Brahmi script)
* रसे (Devanagari script)
* রসে (Bengali script)
* රසෙ (Sinhalese script)
* ရသေ (Burmese script)
* รเส or ระเส (Thai script)
* ᩁᩈᩮ (Tai Tham script)
* ຣເສ or ຣະເສ (Lao script)
* រសេ (Khmer script)
* 𑄢𑄥𑄬 (Chakma script)

### Noun

rase
* inflection of rasa (“taste”):
** locative singular
** accusative plural

## Romanian
### Noun

rase f
* plural of rasă

## Spanish
### Verb

rase
* inflection of rasar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative