# カムイ
## Ainu
### Etymology

Proto-Ainu *kamuy LH (“god”) ( < OJ kamiy or PJ *kamu=i “god”).
Likely related to Proto-Japonic *kamuy (“god”). The exact relationship between the two terms is unclear.
John Batchelor analyses kamuy as being made up of the root ka ("above"), which is then kamu ("to cover") and finally, through the addition of nominalising particle y, kamuy ("he who covers or overshadows"). In this case, Proto-Japonic *kamuy or Old Japanese 神 (kami$_2$, kamu-) would be, in fact, a borrowing from Ainu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kàꜛmúj]

### Noun

カムイ (Latin spelling kamuy)
* (Hokkaido, Sakhalin, Kuril) a god (deity)
    アペ カムイape kamuythe fire god
* (Hokkaido, Sakhalin, Kuril) (by extension from the god sense) a bear (large mammal of family Ursidae)
    Synonym: チラマㇺテㇷ゚ (ciramamtep)

### Adjective

カムイ (Latin spelling kamuy)
* an honorific-like title applied to anything great, important, or terrible, not necessarily implying divinity
    カムイ ノンノkamuy nonnoa beautiful flower
    カムイ ニㇱパkamuy nispaa great lord

#### Derived terms

* アペフチカムイ (ape huci kamuy): fire goddess
* イサンケカムイ (isanke kamuy): god of hunting
* イタㇰカㇱカムイ (itakkas kamuy): god of language
* イソカムイ (iso kamuy): god of hunting
* カムイク (kamuy ku): a gun (Kuril)
* カムイクㇱコラチアンクㇽ (kamuy kuskoranciankur): someone who is mightier than a god
* カムイチカㇵ (kamuy cikah): divine bird (Sakhalin)
* カムイチェㇷ゚ (kamuy-cep): salmon
* カムイフチ (kamuy-huci): fire god
* カムイフㇺ (kamuy hum): thunder
* カムイフㇺベ (kamuy-humbe): orca
* カムイヘ (kamuy he): god of (Sakhalin)
* カムイヘンケ (kamuy henke): old man of god (Sakhalin)
* カムイプヤラ (kamuy puyara): sacred window (Sakhalin)
* カムイノミ (kamuy nomi): to pray to the gods; a traditional Ainu prayer
* カムイモシㇼ (kamuy mosir): land of the gods, heaven
* カムイルシヒ (kamuy rusihi): bear's fur (Sakhalin)
* カムイレンカイネ (kamuy renkayne): thanks to the gods
* カムヨㇹカヨ (kamuy yohkayo): man of god (Sakhalin)
* キムンカムイ (kimun kamuy): bear
* コタンコㇿカムイ (kotankor kamuy): Blakiston's fish owl
* ナイコロカムイ (nay kor kamuy): river god
* シㇼコㇿカムイ (sirkor kamuy): god who watches over the earth
* ルアンペアㇱテカムイ (ruanpeaste kamuy): a rain god
* レプンカムイ (repun kamuy): sea god, an orca
* ウェンカムイ (wenkamuy): evil spirit, demon
* ウォセカムイ (wose-kamuy): wolf

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: カムイ (kamui)
** → English: kamui

### References

* ↑ Vovin, Alexander V. (1993) Leiden: E.J. Brill, editors, A Reconstruction of Proto-Ainu.
   * John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎, Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 205
   * 単語リスト（アイヌ語・日本語）―石狩川― (Tango List Ainu-go Nihon-go - Ishikari River, “Word List (Ainu / Japanese) - Ishikari River”)‎ (in Japanese), Sapporo, Hokkaidō: 公益財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2014 (Hokkaido)
   * 単語リスト（アイヌ語・日本語）―カラフト― (Tango List Ainu-go Nihon-go - Karafuto River, “Word List (Ainu / Japanese) - Karafuto River”)‎ (in Japanese), Sapporo, Hokkaidō: 公益財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2014 (Sakhalin)
   * 『千島アイヌ』「千島地名普通單語集」 (Chishima Ainu - Chishima Chimei Futsū Tango Shū, “Kuril Islands Ainu - Kuril place name common word list”)‎ (in Japanese), Hokkaidō: 鳥居龍藏 (Torii Ryūzō), 1903 (Kuril)
   * DYBOWSKI のシュムシュ島アイヌ語資料について（第1部） (DYBOWSKI No Shumushu Tō Ainu Go Shiryō Ni Tsuite (Dai 1 Bu), “On DYBOWSKI's Shumshu Island Ainu Language Materials (Part 1)”)‎ (in Japanese), Fukuoka: 村山七郎 (Murayama Shichirō), 1970 (Kuril)