# turus
## Estonian
### Noun

turus
* inessive singular of turg

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay turus (“post, pile; pillar”), from Proto-Malayic *turus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *turus (“stake; free-standing post”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu.rʊs/
* Rhymes: -rʊs, -ʊs, -s
* Hyphenation: tu‧rus

### Noun

turus (plural turus-turus)
* post, pile
    Synonyms: tiang, tonggak
* pillar
* (statistics) tally: a mark registering a number or amount
    Synonym: gundal

#### Derived terms

* diturus
* dituruskan
* menurus
* menuruskan
* turus bulan
* turus negara

### Further reading

* “turus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Noun

turus m (genitive singular turuis, nominative plural turuis)
* Obsolete spelling of turas.

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
turus
turuis
vocative
a thuruis
a thurusa
genitive
turuis
turus
dative
turus
turuis
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an turus
na turuis
genitive
an turuis
na dturus
dative
leis an turus don turus
leis na turuis :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *turus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *turus (“stake; free-standing post”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /turos/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /turʊs/
* Rhymes: -uros, -ros, -os

### Noun

turus (Jawi spelling توروس, plural turus-turus, informal 1st possessive turusku, 2nd possessive turusmu, 3rd possessive turusnya)
* massive post or pile; pillar
    cuba-cuba menanam mumbang, jika hidup turus negeri: lit. 'try plant a young coconut seedling, see if it can grow to be a state monument', a phrase expressing how crucial to plan something of high stakes in the long term
    Synonyms: tiang, tonggak, tunggak
* trellis (wooden or bamboo poles for vines of growing plants to latch onto)
    Synonym: junjung

### Adjective

turus (Jawi spelling توروس)
* erect, straight (of a structure)
    Synonym: tegak

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* menurus [agent focus] (meN-)
* menuruskan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* dituruskan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* ketua turus
* turus belat
* turus dayung
* turus empang

### Descendants

* Indonesian: turus

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “تورس toeroes”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 91
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “تورس turus”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 198
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “turus”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 620

### Further reading

* “turus” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Portuguese
### Noun

turus
* plural of turu