# 余

| 余 | U+4F59, &#20313; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F59 |
| ← 佘 [U+4F58] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 佚 → [U+4F5A] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 余 余 余 |
| Simplified | 余 余 馀 |
| Traditional | 余 餘 餘 |

### Han character

余 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人一木 (OMD), four-corner 8090$_4$, composition ⿱亼朩)

#### Derived characters

* 俆, 凃, 唋, 徐, 悇, 捈, 涂, 狳, 除, 途, 梌, 㻌, 畭, 硢, 稌, 䋡, 䍱, 艅, 蜍, 賖, 䞮, 䟻, 酴, 䩣, 餘(馀), 駼(𬳿), 鮽, 鵌(𱉸)
* 䣄, 敍, 敘(叙), 斜, 雓, 䳜(𫛬), 峹, 悆, 畬, 嵞, 荼, 筡, 庩
* 𡌘, 𡝐, 𡷣, 𣇞, 𰞩, 𤙛, 𰨂, 𤬀, 𥚤, 𥺌, 𱼬, 𧧶, 𨌎, 𲅊, 𱏏, 𱑅, 𫒟, 𭫧, 𠄜, 𠏉, 𭐘, 𮀉, 𭭳, 𪊸, 𪑏, 𭣒
* 𫶨, 𢧅, 𪝃, 𣁏, 𱎻, 𤫿, 𱘧, 𠐸, 𠑝, 𱑷, 𱒱, 𡌆, 𢚒, 𱢆, 𣥳, 𭴯, 𦛝, 𬡛, 𫣮, 𬹡, 𠎳, 𡨀, 𡸂, 𥥸, 𠕨, 𫀟, 𱝸, 𰃃, 𤶠, 𨴩, 𦹍
* 𱕴, 𥌟, 𡒟, 𬁐

#### Related characters

* 餘 (Traditional form of 余)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 99, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 515
* Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 128, character 4
* Unihan data for U+4F59

### Usage notes

* This character is not to be confused with visually similar but unrelated 佘.
* Note that 余 is also the simplified form of 餘 in mainland China and Japan. However, in traditional Chinese, 余 and 餘 are two distinct characters.

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 余 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Oracle bone scriptj01462j01463j01464j01465j01466j01467j01468j01469j01470j01471j01472j01473j01474j01475j01476j01477j01478j01479j01480j01481j01482j01483j01484j01485j01486j01487j01488j01489j01490j01491j01492j01493j01494j01495j01496j01497j01498j01499j01500j01501j01502j01503j01504j01505j01506j01507j01508j01509j01510j01511j01512j01513j01514j01515j01516j01517j01518j01519j01520j01521j01522j01523j01524j01525j01526j01527j01528j01529j01530j01531j01532j01533j01534j01535j01536j01537j01538j01539Bronze inscriptionsb01075b01076b01077b01078b01079b01080b01081b01082b01083b01084b01085b01086b01087b01088b01089b01090b01091b01092b01093b01094b01095b01096b01097b01098b01099b01100b01101b01102b01103b01104b01105b01106b01107b01108b01109b01110b01111b01112b01113b01114b01115b01116b01117b01118b01119b01120b01121b01122b01123b01124b01125Small seal scripts00799s00800Transcribed ancient scriptsL30508L30509L30510L30511L30512L02638L02639L02640L02641L02642L02643L02644L02645L02646L02647L02648L02649L02650 ||||||||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). ||||||||
| | Old Chinese |
| 斜 | *lja, *laː |
| 茶 | *rlaː |
| 荼 | *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː |
| 梌 | *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 搽 | *rlaː |
| 塗 | *rlaː, *l'aː |
| 佘 | *ɦlja |
| 賒 | *hljaː |
| 畬 | *hljaː, *la |
| 舍 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 捨 | *hljaːʔ |
| 騇 | *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs |
| 涻 | *hljaːs |
| 稌 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ |
| 悇 | *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las |
| 庩 | *l̥ʰaː |
| 捈 | *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː |
| 途 | *l'aː |
| 酴 | *l'aː |
| 駼 | *l'aː |
| 鵌 | *l'aː, *la |
| 涂 | *l'aː, *l'a |
| 嵞 | *l'aː |
| 峹 | *l'aː |
| 筡 | *l'aː, *l̥ʰa |
| 蒤 | *l'aː |
| 徐 | *lja |
| 俆 | *lja |
| 敘 | *ljaʔ |
| 漵 | *ljaʔ |
| 除 | *l'a, *l'as |
| 篨 | *rla |
| 滁 | *rla |
| 蒢 | *rla |
| 蜍 | *ɦlja, *la |
| 鵨 | *hljaː |
| 瑹 | *hlja |
| 余 | *la |
| 餘 | *la |
| 艅 | *la |
| 狳 | *la |
| 雓 | *la |
| 悆 | *las |
Pictogram (象形) – thatched cottage; house. Original form of 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs, “house”).

### Etymology 1
#### “I; me”

    Related to 予 (OC *la, “I”), 台 (OC *lɯ, “I”) and 朕 (OC *l'ɯmʔ, “my; I”), forming the *l- series of first-person Old Chinese personal pronouns. This series is commonly used by Shang Dynasty kings to refer to themselves.
    In contrast, Old Chinese also had the *ŋ- series of first-person pronouns, represented by 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ, “I”) and 吾 (OC *ŋraː, *ŋaː, “I”), which became more widely used over time.
    Further etymology is obscure (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yú (yu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yi$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yì
    (Hailu, HRS): rhi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yi$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): y$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): û / îr / î
    (Teochew, Peng'im): e$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$
*** Yale: yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ji²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhi
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: y$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /y¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: y$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ́
*** Sinological IPA : /y¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
*** Tâi-lô: û
*** Phofsit Daibuun: uu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Singapore): /u²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îr
*** Tâi-lô: îr
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Singapore): /ɯ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
*** Tâi-lô: î
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ii
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Taipei, Singapore): /i²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: e$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̂
*** Sinological IPA : /ɯ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yu
*** MiniDict: yu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhy
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²³/
* Middle Chinese: yo
Rime :
| Character | 余 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以諸切 |
| Baxter | yo |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*la/
    (Zhengzhang): /*la/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 余 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yo › |
| Old Chinese | /*la/ |
| English | 1sg., prob. a polite form |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 余 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15798 |
| Phonetic component | 余 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 余 |
| Old Chinese | /*la/ |
| Notes | 說文舍省聲，甲文即象居舍初文 |

#### Definitions

余
* (literary) I; me
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Yú gū jiǎnmiè cǐ ér zhāoshí. [Pinyin]
    I will eliminate them before having my morning meal.
    From: 1084, 蘇軾 (Su Shi), 石鐘山記
    Gǔ zhī rén bù yú qī yě. [Pinyin]
    The ancient people did not deceive me.
* (obsolete) the fourth month of the Chinese calendar
* a surname, Yu
    余華／余华 ― Yú Huá ― Yu Hua (Chinese author)

#### Synonyms

* (I):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 吾, 我, 余, 予, 台, 朕 for emperors, 臣, 愚 humble |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 我, 本人, 鄙人 humble, 在下 humble, 不才 humble |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 我, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 我, 俺, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 我, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Rizhao | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 我 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Kaifeng | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Ankang | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 我, 俺 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tongxin | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Guyuan | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 我, 俺, 咱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou (Jiawang) | 俺, 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 俺, 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suining | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyi | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fengxian | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suqian | 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Bengbu | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Zhongwei | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Xindu) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanbu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lhasa | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guanyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lipu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yangshuo | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Xiakuojie) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fujian) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Shanglin (Sanli) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 我, 頑, 俺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Ziyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou (Jiangdu) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Gaoyou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yizheng | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taixing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou (Jiangyan) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jingjiang (Dongxing) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jurong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 我, 俺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guanyun | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guannan | 我, 呣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Hongze) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jinhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rudong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hai'an | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Dongtai | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sheyang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jianhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xiangshui | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Shuyang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 我, 俺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 我 |
| Mandarin | Qinzhou (Longmengang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 𠊎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 我 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 我 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 我 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 儂 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 我, 儂 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 我 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 我 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 我 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 我 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu | 我 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 我 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 我 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 儂 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 我 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 我 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 我 |
| Gan | Anyi | 我仂 |
| Gan | Lushan | 我 |
| Gan | Pengze | 我 |
| Gan | Duchang | 我, 我濃 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 我 |
| Gan | Poyang | 我 |
| Gan | Yugan | 阿, 我郎 |
| Gan | Wannian | 阿 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Leping | 阿 |
| Gan | Yichun | 我 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 阿 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 我 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 我 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 我 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 我 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 我 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 阿, 我 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 我 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 阿仂 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 阿 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 阿仂, 阿 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 我 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 我, 阿 |
| Gan | Chongren | 我 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 巷 |
| Gan | Lianhua | 我 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 阿, 我 |
| Gan | Yongfeng | 我 |
| Gan | Taihe | 我 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 我 |
| Gan | Yongxin | 我 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 阿 |
| Gan | Guixi | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Jianning | 我 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 我 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 阿 |
| Gan | Le'an | 我 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 阿 |
| Gan | Anfu | 我 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 𠊎 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 𠊎 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 我 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 我 |
| Gan | Xingan | 我 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 我 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Zijin | 我 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Changting | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Nankang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dingnan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longnan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Chongyi | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingjiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 我 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 𠊎, 我 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 𠊎 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 我 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 我, 阿 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 我 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 我 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 我 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Qiandaohu) | 我 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Meicheng) | 黨, 卬 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Shouchang) | 我, 我儂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 我, 俺 †, used only by females |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Datong | 我 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 我 |
| Jin | Linhe | 我 |
| Jin | Jining | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 我 |
| Jin | Handan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Suide | 我 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 我, 俺 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 我 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 我 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 我, 奴 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Taishun | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Cangnan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 我, 阮, 遮人, 遮的人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 我, 阮 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 我 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 我 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 我, 阮, 遮人, 遮的人 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 我, 阮 GT |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 我 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 我 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shunchang (Pushang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Cangnan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 我 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 我 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 我, 儂 polite/humble |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 我, 儂 polite/humble |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 我, 㑚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 我, 㑚 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 我 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 我 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 我 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 我 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 伉 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 伉 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 我 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 我 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 我 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 我 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 我 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 我 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 我 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 吾 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 我, 阿拉 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 我儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 唔, 唔儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 我 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 我, 奴 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 吾, 吾奴 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 我 |
| Wu | Changshu | 我 |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 我 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 我奴 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 我奴, 我 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 我奴, 我 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 我 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 我, 活儂, 活奴 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Danyang | 我 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 我 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 是我 |
| Wu | Changxing | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Anji | 我 |
| Wu | Deqing | 我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 我, 是我, 什我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Tonglu (Wusheng) | 我 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 我 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 我 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 我 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 我, 我儂, 像我 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 我 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Fenghua) | 我 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 我 |
| Wu | Cixi | 我 |
| Wu | Xiangshan | 我, 像我 |
| Wu | Zhoushan | 伢 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 我 |
| Wu | Xianju | 我 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 我 |
| Wu | Linhai | 我 |
| Wu | Wenling | 我俚 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 我 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 我 |
| Wu | Rui'an | 我 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 我 |
| Wu | Taishun | 我 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 我 |
| Wu | Lishui | 我 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 我 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 我, 動我 |
| Wu | Wuyi (Liucheng) | 我 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 我 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 我 |
| Wu | Jingning | 我 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 我 |
| Wu | Longquan | 我 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Suichang | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 我 |
| Wu | Changshan | 我 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Longyou | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 我 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 我 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 我 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 我 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 阿儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 阿 |
| Wu | Yushan | 阿, 儂 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 我 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 我 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 我, 卬 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 我 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 我 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 我 |
| Note | † - as an attributive, used without 的; GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | † - as an attributive, used without 的; GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Compounds

* 伊余
* 余一人 (yúyīrén)
* 余丘
* 伯余
* 余余
* 余兒
* 余家棚 (Yújiāpéng)
* 余家橋 (Yújiāqiáo)
* 余小子
* 余月
* 余車
* 接余
* 新余 (Xīnyú)
* 比余
* 祝余
* 莫余毒也 (mòyúdúyě)

#### Descendants

* → English: Yu, Yue, Yee, Eu, Ee, Er

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 余 – see 餘 (“to remain; to have left; time after an event; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 餘).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Yù (Yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Yù
*** Wade–Giles: Yü$^4$
*** Yale: Yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Yuh
*** Palladius: Юй (Juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/

#### Definitions

余
* a surname

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tú (tu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tú
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tú
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^2$
*** Yale: tú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twu
*** Palladius: ту (tu)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu³⁵/

#### Definitions

余
* Only used in 檮余 (Chóutú).

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xú (xu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xú
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syú
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^2$
*** Yale: syú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyu
*** Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy³⁵/

#### Definitions

余
* Only used in 余吾 (Xúwú).

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xié (xie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xié
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sié
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^2$
*** Yale: syé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

#### Definitions

余
* Only used in 褒余 (Bāoxié).

### Etymology 7

* For pronunciation and definitions of 余 – see 佘. (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 佘).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “余”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00128

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* a personal pronoun

#### Readings

* Go-on: よ (yo, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: よ (yo, Jōyō)
* Kun: われ (ware, 余)

### Kanji

| Shinjitai | 余 |
| Kyūjitai | 餘 |

#### Glyph origin

Simplified from 餘 (elimination of 𩙿).
(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 餘)
* over, too much
* extraneous, remainder

#### Readings

* Go-on: よ (yo, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: よ (yo, Jōyō)
* Kun: あまる (amaru, 余る, Jōyō)、あます (amasu, 余す, Jōyō)、あまり (amari, 余り)

#### Compounds

* 余爽
* 余程
* 余意
* 余韻
* 余栄
* 余炎
* 余煙
* 余暇
* 余角
* 余割
* 余寒
* 余儀
* 余技
* 余興
* 余業
* 余薫
* 余慶
* 余計
* 余弦
* 余光
* 余香
* 余罪
* 余財
* 余事
* 余習
* 余臭
* 余所
* 余剰
* 余情
* 余色
* 余震
* 余人
* 余塵
* 余水吐
* 余水路
* 余世, 余生
* 余勢
* 余切
* 余接
* 余賊
* 余沢
* 余談
* 余地
* 余滴
* 余党
* 余得
* 余徳
* 余日
* 余熱
* 余念
* 余波
* 余輩
* 余白
* 余病
* 余風
* 余分
* 余憤
* 余聞
* 余弊
* 余芳
* 余命
* 余裕
* 余力
* 余類
* 余齢
* 余烈
* 余禄
* 余録
* 余喘
* 余殃
* 余瀝
* 余燼
* 余蘊

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 余
* よ Grade: 5
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 餘 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 餘 (MC yo).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よ [yóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) よ [yò] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞]

#### Noun

余(よ) • (yo)
* over, more than, a little more than, plus, upwards of
    Synonyms: 余り (amari), 有余 (yūyo), 以上 (ijō)
** 1950, 坂口安吾, 肝臓先生‎, 青空文庫:
    遠洋(えんよう)へ漁(りょう)にでると、一(いっ)ヶ月(げつ)、マグロなら二(に)ヶ月(げつ)の余(よ)も、海(うみ)の上(うえ)で暮(くら)すのである。
       En'yō e ryō ni deru to, ikkagetsu, maguro nara nikagetsu no yo mo, umi no ue de kurasu no de aru.
       When they go out to the open sea to fish, they live on the sea for one month, more than two months if fishing for tuna.
* other
    Synonyms: 他 (hoka), 他 (ta)
* remainder
    Synonyms: 余り (amari), 残り (nokori), 残余 (zan'yo), 余分 (yobun)

#### Suffix

余(よ) • (-yo)
* over, more than, a little more than, plus, upwards of
    Synonyms: 余り (amari), 有余 (yūyo), 以上 (ijō)
    二十(にじゅう)余(よ)年(ねん)
       nijū-yonen
       over twenty years
** 1889, 福澤諭吉, 福翁自伝‎, 青空文庫:
    その時私(ときわたし)は鉄砲洲(てっぽうず)に住(すまっ)て居(い)て、鉄砲洲(てっぽうず)から小石川(こいしかわ)まで頓(やが)て二里(にり)余(よ)もありましょう
       sono toki watashi wa Teppōzu ni sumatte ite, Teppōzu kara Koishikawa made yagate niri-yo mo arimashō
       I was living in Teppōzu then, and there is likely around two plus ri from Teppōzu to Koishikawa
** 1926, 南部修太郎, 寫眞と思ひ出 ――私の写真修行――‎, 青空文庫:
    しかし、いろ／＼合(あは)せて、もう千(せん)余(よ)枚(まい)を數(かぞ)へる印畫(いんぐわ)のアルバムを時折繰眺(ときをりくりなが)めるのは、樂(たのし)く愉快(ゆくわい)である。
       Shikashi, iroiro awasete, mō sen-yomai o kazoeru inga no arubamu o tokiori kuri nagameru no wa, tanoshiku yukai de aru.
       However, it is fun and delightful to flip through and gaze at my album of prints from time to time, which now number more than one thousand altogether.

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 余
* よ Grade: 5
* on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 余 – see the following entry. :
| 【予よ】3 | [pronoun] first-person personal pronoun; I, me |
(This term, 余, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 余
* われ Grade: 5
* on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 余 – see the following entry. :
| 【我われ】6 | [pronoun] first person singular pronoun: I, me, oneself [pronoun] (usually vulgar) second person singular pronoun: you Alternative spellings 吾, 予 |
(This term, 余, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹]
* Phonetic hangul: [여]

### Hanja

Wikisource 余 (eum 여 (yeo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

余: Hán Nôm readings: dư, dờ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation