# -te
## Chuukese
### Suffix

-te
* (auxiliary) Used to express negative tense in the determinate; never

## Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch -ede, from Old Dutch -itha, from Proto-West Germanic *-iþu, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō. More at -th.
Middle Dutch -ede was shortened to -de in late Middle Dutch, and the suffix was devoiced to -te according to the 't kofschip rule. This voiceless variety was then taken to be the suffix proper and the voiced variety gradually fell out of use.

#### Suffix

-te f (plural -ten or -tes)
* appended to an adjective, making a feminine noun which refers to the size or quality referred to by the adjective, cognate to -th.
    ‎hoog + ‎-te → ‎hoogte
    ‎ruim + ‎-te → ‎ruimte
    ‎breed + ‎-te → ‎breedte
    ‎lang + ‎-te → ‎lengte
    ‎gewoon + ‎-te → ‎gewoonte
* appended to the stem of a verb, yields a feminine noun which refers to the object of such a verb.
    ‎behoeven + ‎-te → ‎behoefte
    ‎beloven + ‎-te → ‎belofte

### Etymology 2
#### Suffix

-te
* See ge- -te.

### Etymology 3
#### Suffix

-te
* (after voiceless consonants) Alternative form of -de (forms the singular of the past tense of weak verbs)
    ‎maken + ‎-te → ‎maakte

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tə/

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German -te, -ete, from a merger of several Old High German conjugations.

#### Alternative forms

* -ete (used with most stems in -d, -t, and consonant + -n, -m)

#### Suffix

-te
* forms the first-person and third-person singular of the past tense and past subjunctive of weak verbs and some irregular verbs
    ‎reisen (“to travel”) + ‎-te → ‎reiste (“[I] travelled; [he] travelled”)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Low German and Middle Dutch -te, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō, whence also inherited but equally rare German -de.

#### Suffix

-te f (plural -ten)
* (rare, not productive, only as synchronic surface analysis) forms nouns from adjectives
    ‎flau (“slack, windless”) + ‎-te → ‎Flaute (“slackness, stagnation”)
    ‎halb (“half”) + ‎-te → ‎Hälfte (“half, fifty percent”)
    ‎raum (“wide, open”) + ‎-te → ‎Räumte (“cargo capacity of a ship”)

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tɛ]

### Suffix

-te
** (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person singular indicative past definite form of verbs.
    ‎keres (“to search”) + ‎-te → ‎kereste (“he/she (has/had) searched”)
** (verbal-participle suffix) Forms the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun.
    ‎nevel (“to bring up, to raise”) + ‎-te → ‎[az anyja] nevelte [gyermek] (“[the child] raised by [his/her mother]”, literally “his/her-mother-raised child”)
* (noun-forming suffix) Forms nouns from certain verbs (cf. -és), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-e), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.
    ‎érkezik (“to arrive”) + ‎-te → ‎érkezte (“his/her/its arrival”)

#### Usage notes

* (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants:
    -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs
    -te is added to most front-vowel verbs
    -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (hí, rí, szí; ó, ró; fú)
    -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (lő, nő, sző; nyű)
    -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)
    -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)
    -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)
* (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
    -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs
    -te is added to most front-vowel verbs
    -tte is added to front-vowel verbs that originally ended in a vowel (like jön, originally jő)
    -ata is added to back-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like hall)
    -ete is added to front-vowel verbs that form the infinitive with a linking vowel (like kell)

#### Derived terms
### See also

* Category:Hungarian verbal participles
* Category:Hungarian verb forms
* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

### Further reading

* Károly, Sándor. Az istenadta-féle szerkezetek személyragos tagjának szófaji jellegéről (“On the part of speech of the personal-suffixed elements of istenadta [‘God-given’]-like structures”). In: Nyelvtudományi Közlemények (“Linguistic Publications”), vol. 59 (1957), pp. 130–150.
* Simonyi, Zsigmond. Isten-adta (“God-given”). In: Magyar Nyelvőr (“Hungarian Language Guardian”), vol. XXXVI (1907), pp. 16–35 in the offprint (issue 5, May 15 in the original, pp. 193–205, 264–271).

## Irish
### Suffix

-te
* slender form of -ta (plural suffix)
* slender form of -ta (past participle suffix)

## Japanese
### Romanization

-te
* Rōmaji transcription of て

## Latin
### Suffix

-te
* masculine vocative singular of -tus

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old French -te, -tet, from Latin -tās, -tātem; compare -ite.

#### Alternative forms

* -tee, -tei, -tey, -tie, -ty, -tye
* (from early Old French -tet) -tet, -teth, -tethe, -teþ, -tith, -tithe

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-ˈteː/, /-teː/

#### Suffix

-te
* Forms abstract nouns from adjectives.
    Synonym: -ite

##### Usage notes

* Syncope sometimes results in the replacement of -ite with -te. For instance, trinte is sometimes found for trinite (“Trinity”).
* Conversely, learned influence may sometimes result in -te with -ite, especially when the word goes back to a Latin original with -itās. This is exemplified by the replacement of personalte (“personality”) with personalite in later Middle English (compare Latin persōnālitās).
* As in modern English, -ite tends to attract stress to the antepenultimate syllable, while -te leaves stress where it was on the root.

##### Descendants

* English: -ty
* Scots: -ty

##### References

* “-tẹ̄, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2
#### Suffix

-te
* (following fricatives) Alternative form of -th (abstract nominal suffix)

### Etymology 3
#### Suffix

-te
* (following fricatives) Alternative form of -the (abstract nominal suffix)

### Etymology 4
#### Suffix

-te
* (following fricatives) Alternative form of -the (ordinal suffix)

### Etymology 5
#### Suffix

-te
* Alternative form of -ty

## Old English
### Suffix

-te
* Alternative form of -de used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of certain class I weak verbs
    ‎reċċan (“to explain, argue”) + ‎-te → ‎rehte (“I/he/she/it explained, argued”)

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian -te, -ithe, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō. More at -th.

### Suffix

-te f
* Forms abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives, or other nouns; -th

#### Derived terms
## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* -da, -de, -ta

### Etymology

From Old Irish -de.

### Suffix

-te
* Used to form adjectives from nouns, in the sense of having the object represented by the noun.
    'S crìochnaichte an sgeul. ― The story is finished.
    ‎beum (“stress”) + ‎-te → ‎beumte (“stressed”)
    ‎blas (“taste”) + ‎-te → ‎blasta (“tasty”)
    ‎drabas (“filthiness of speech, smut”) + ‎-te → ‎drabasda (“obscene, ribald, smutty, dirty, indelicate”)

#### Derived terms
## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* -de

### Suffix

-te
* Alternative form of -de; suffix to create preterite tense of verbs if the stem ends in an unvoiced consonant (this form of the suffix is only applicable to verbs which end in -er in the present tense)

### Anagrams

* -et

## Turkish
### Suffix

-te
* Alternative form of -da (locative suffix) (after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant)