# جاسوس
## Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܓܳܫܽܘܫܳܐ (gāšōšā), falling in line with the native root ج س س (j s s).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒaː.suːs/

### Noun

جَاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (plural جَوَاسِيس (jawāsīs))
* spy, sleuth

#### Related terms

* تَجَسَّسَ (tajassasa, “spy”, verb)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: ջասուս (ǰasus)
* → Azerbaijani: casus
* → Northern Kurdish: casûs
* → Persian: جاسوس
** → Gujarati: જાસૂસ (jāsūs)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: जासूस (jāsūs)
    Urdu: جاسُوس (jāsūs)
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਜਾਸੂਸ (jāsūs)
    Shahmukhi script: جاسوس (jāsūs)
* → Ottoman Turkish: جاسوس (câsûs)
** Turkish: casus
** → Crimean Tatar: casus
* → Swahili: jasusi
* → Turkmen: jansyz
* → Uzbek: josus / жосус (josus)
* → Zazaki: casus

### References

* “جاسوس” in Almaany
* “gšwš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 243
* Freytag, Georg (1830) “جاسوس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 277
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “جاسوس”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 423
* Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009) “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 176

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒɑː.ˈsuːs]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɑː.súːs]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɑː.súːs]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒɑː.súːs]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒɔː.sús]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɒː.súːs]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɔ.sús]

### Noun

جاسوس • (jâsus) (plural جواسیس (javâsis) or جاسوسان (jâsusân))
* spy
** c. 1670, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 74”, in دیوان [Dīvān]‎:نیست از رازِ نهانِ من خبر جاسوس را نبضِ من بندِ زبان گردید جالینوس راnēst az rāz-i nahān-i man xabar jasūs rā nabz-i man band-i zabān gardīd jālīnūs rāThe spy has no news of my hidden secret; My pulse has closed its mouth to Galen.(Classical Persian romanization) (The second line refers to medieval doctors measuring the pulse of a patient, and also to a common trope where the doctor finds the secret beloved of a lovesick patient by measuring the pulse while speaking the names of various potential beloveds.)

#### Related terms

* تجسس (tajassos, “espionage”)
* جاسوسی (jâsusi, “espionage”)

#### Descendants

* → Gujarati: જાસૂસ (jāsūs)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: जासूस (jāsūs)
    Urdu: جاسُوس (jāsūs)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਜਾਸੂਸ (jāsūs)
    Shahmukhi script: جاسوس (jāsūs)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جاسوس (jāsūs), from Arabic جَاسُوس (jāsūs), from Classical Syriac ܓܫܘܫܐ (gāšōšā).

### Noun

جاسُوس • (jāsūs) m (Hindi spelling जासूस)
* spy
** داؤد اورنگ آبادی (Dāud Auraṅgābādī) :دل میں خیالِ یار ہے جاسوس کی نمط رکھتا ہوں اس کوں ننگ سوں ناموس کی نمطdil mẽ xayāl-e-yār hai jāsūs kī namat rakhtā hū̃ is kū̃ naṅg sū̃ nāmūs kī namat(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* detective