# بدن
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ب د ن (b d n). Cognate with Mehri بدين.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.dan/

### Noun

بَدَن • (badan) m (plural أَبْدَان (ʔabdān))
* body; figure
    Synonyms: جِسْم (jism), جَسَد (jasad), (archaic) شَخْص (šaḵṣ), (archaic) شَبَح (šabaḥ)
** 12th century CE, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Jawzī, أَخْبَار النِسَاء [ʔaḵbār an-nisāʔ, Stories of Women]:وكتب الحجّاج بن يوسف إلى الحكم بن أيّوب قال: اخطب على عبد الملك امرأةً جميلةً من بعيدٍ، مليحةً من قريبٍ، شريفةً في قومها، ذليلةً في نفسها، أمةً لبعلها. . فكتب إليه: أصبتها، وهي خولة بنت مسمع، لولا عظم ثديها! فكتب إليه الحجّاج: لا يحسن بدن المرأة حتّى يعظم ثدياها فتدفي الضّجيع، وتروي الرّضيع.Al-Ḥajjāj once wrote to al-Ḥakam ibn ʾAyyūb, "Pledge to ʿAbd al-Malik a woman who looks pretty from afar and sweet up close, who is of noble birth and humble soul, a slave to her husband." The man wrote back, "I have hit upon one: that would be Ḵawlah bint Mismaʿ, aside from the size of her bosom." Thus, al-Ḥajjāj wrote to him, "A woman's form is not good unless her breasts are full enough to warm up a bedmate and satiate a suckling."
* trunk, torso
* coat of mail measured to the torso
    Synonym: دِرْع (dirʕ)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: bədən
* → Classical Malay: بادن
** → Malay: badan
*** Indonesian: badan
* → Classical Persian: بَدَن (badan)
** Tajik: бадан (badan)
** → Chagatai:
*** Uyghur: بەدەن (beden)
*** Uzbek: badan
** → Bengali: বদন (bodon)
** → Hindustani:
    Urdu: بدن
** → Kazakh: бәден (bäden)
** → Khalaj: bədən
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਬਦਨ (badan)
* → Middle Armenian: պատան (patan), պէտան (pētan)
** → Armenian: բադան (badan)
* → Ottoman Turkish: بدن (beden)
    > Turkish: beden (inherited)
* → Spanish: badán

### Noun

بَدَن • (badan) m (plural بُدُون (budūn))
* (obsolete) old man, aged man

#### Declension
### Noun

بَدَن • (badan) m (plural بُدُون (budūn) or أَبْدُن (ʔabdun))
* Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana syn. Capra jaela)
    Synonyms: وَعِل نُوبِيّ (waʕil nūbiyy), ثَيْتَل (ṯaytal)

#### Declension
### Verb

بَدُنَ or بَدَنَ • (baduna or badana) I (non-past يَبْدُنُ (yabdunu), verbal noun بُدْن (budn) or بَدَانَة (badāna))
* to be or become fat

#### Conjugation
### Verb

بَدَّنَ • (baddana) II (non-past يُبَدِّنُ (yubaddinu), verbal noun تَبْدِين (tabdīn))
* (obsolete) to become aged
* (obsolete) to put a بَدَن (badan) around

#### Conjugation
### Noun

بُدْن • (budn) m
* verbal noun of بَدُنَ (baduna, “to be fat”)

#### Declension
### Noun

بُدُن • (budun) f pl or m pl
* plural of بَدَنَة (badana, “offered camel”)

### Adjective

بُدْن • (budn) m pl
* masculine plural of بَدِين (badīn, “fat”)

### References

* Freytag, Georg (1830) “بدن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 97
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “بدن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 168–169
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بدن”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 112
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “بدن”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 73

## Khalaj
### Noun

بَدَن (bədən) (definite accusative بَدَنی, plural بَدَنلَر)
* Arabic spelling of bədən (“body”)

#### Declension
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَدَن (badan, “body, figure”).

### Noun

بدن • (beden) (plural ابدان (ebdan))
* body, the physical structure of a human or animal seen as one single organism
    Synonyms: تن (ten), جثه (cüsse), جسم (cism), وجود (vücûd)
* body, trunk, the main section of a human or animal frame excluding the extremities
    Synonym: گوگده (göğde, gövde)
* framework, the arrangement of support beams that represent a building's shape and size
    Synonym: چاتی (çatı)
* (figuratively) body, trunk, the largest or most important part of anything

#### Derived terms

* بدن آراسی (beden arası, “space between battlements”)
* بدنلو (bedenli, “corpulent”)
* بدنی (bedenî, “corporeal”)
* قلعه بدنی (kalʼe bedeni, “main wall of a castle”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: beden

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “beden”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 522
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “beden”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 95
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بدن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 257
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Corpus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 291
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بدن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 733
* Moran, Ahmet Vahid (1924) “framework”, in A condensed dictionary, English–Turkish, Constantinople: Fratelli Haim, page 205b
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “beden”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بدن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 348

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic بَدَن (badan).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ba.ˈðan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪ǽn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪ǽn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [bä.d̪ǽn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [bä.d̪ǽn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [bæ.d̪ǽn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪ǽn]

#### Noun

بدن • (badan) (plural بدن‌ها (badan-hâ))
* body

##### Derived terms

* بدنه (badane)
* بدنی (badani)
* بدنساز (badansâz)
* بدنسازی (badansâzi)

### Etymology 2

Metrical variant, with shortened vowel used to fit the poetic meter.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [bu.ðan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bʊ.d̪än]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bʊ.d̪än]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [bʊ.d̪än]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [bu.d̪än]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [bo.d̪æn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [bu.d̪än]

#### Verb

بدن • (bodan) (present stem باش (bâš) or بو (bov))
* Poetic form of بودن (budan)

#### References

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “بدن”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَدَن (badan), borrowed from Arabic بَدَن (badan).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /bə.d̪ən/

### Noun

بَدَن • (badan) m (Hindi spelling बदन)
* body
    Synonyms: تَن (tan), شَرِیر (śarīr), دیہ (deh)

#### Declension
### References

* “بدن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “بدن”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 105

## Ushojo
### Etymology

From Urdu بدن (badan), Borrowed from Arabic بَدَن (badan).

### Noun

بدن (badan)
* body