# 海洋
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎiyáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄧㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi$^2$ joeng$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hói-yòng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hai$^3$ yong$^2$ / hai$^3$ yeng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hái-iûⁿ / hái-iôⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hai$^2$ ion$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$he-yan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎiyáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎiyáng
*** Wade–Giles: hai$^3$-yang$^2$
*** Yale: hǎi-yáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haeyang
*** Palladius: хайян (xajjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$海洋 海陽 / 海阳
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^2$ joeng$^4$
*** Yale: hói yèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^2$ joeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^2$ yêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯³⁵ jœːŋ²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$海洋 海陽 / 海阳
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hói-yòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: hoi$^ˋ$ iong$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hoi$^3$ yong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /hoi̯³¹ i̯oŋ¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hói-yòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: hoi$^ˋ$ (r)iong$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hoi$^3$ yong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /hoi̯³¹ (j)i̯oŋ¹¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hai$^3$ yong$^2$ [Phonetic: hai$^2$ yong$^2$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hâi-ió̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /hai⁴⁵³⁻¹³ yɒŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hai$^3$ yeng$^2$ [Phonetic: hai$^1$ yeng$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /hai³³²⁻⁵⁵ yøŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-iûⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hái-iûnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hay'viuu
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iũ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iũ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iũ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-iôⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hái-iônn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hay'viooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔ̃¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hai$^2$ ion$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hái iôⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /hai⁵²⁻³⁵ ĩõ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$he-yan
*** MiniDict: he$^去$ yan
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$he-hhian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /he³³ ɦiã⁴⁴/

### Noun

海洋
* ocean; sea (as a whole) (Classifier: 個／个 m)
    海洋博物館／海洋博物馆 ― hǎiyáng bówùguǎn ― maritime museum
    海洋國家／海洋国家 ― hǎiyáng guójiā ― maritime state
    海洋環境／海洋环境 ― hǎiyáng huánjìng ― marine environment
       Túshūguǎn shì rénlèi zhīshí de hǎiyáng. [Pinyin]
       Libraries contain knowledge of human experience as vast as the open sea.

#### Synonyms

* 大洋 (dàyáng)
* 大海 (dàhǎi)
* 洋海 (yánghǎi)
* 海 (hǎi)
* 滄海 / 沧海 (cānghǎi) (literary, vast ocean)
* 滄瀛 / 沧瀛 (cāngyíng) (literary, vast ocean)
* 遠洋 / 远洋 (yuǎnyáng) (ocean far away from the mainland)

#### Derived terms

* 海洋三省 (Hǎiyáng sānshěng)
* 海洋分枝桿菌 / 海洋分枝杆菌 (hǎiyáng fēnzhī-gānjūn)
* 海洋化學 / 海洋化学 (hǎiyáng huàxué)
* 海洋國土 / 海洋国土
* 海洋地質 / 海洋地质
* 海洋學 / 海洋学 (hǎiyángxué)
* 海洋放流
* 海洋文學 / 海洋文学
* 海洋權 / 海洋权
* 海洋氣候 / 海洋气候
* 海洋沉積物 / 海洋沉积物
* 海洋洲 (Hǎiyángzhōu)
* 海洋溫差發電 / 海洋温差发电
* 海洋漁業 / 海洋渔业
* 海洋牧場 / 海洋牧场
* 海洋環流 / 海洋环流
* 海洋生物
* 海洋科學 / 海洋科学 (hǎiyáng kēxué)
* 海洋線 / 海洋线
* 海洋能
* 海洋觀測 / 海洋观测
* 海洋資源 / 海洋资源
* 海洋開發 / 海洋开发
* 海洋隆起

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 海洋(かいよう) (kaiyō)
* → Korean: 해양(海洋) (haeyang)
* → Vietnamese: hải dương (海洋)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 洋 |
| かい Grade: 2 | よう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海洋 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいよー [kàíyóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠ijo̞ː]

### Noun

海(かい)洋(よう) • (kaiyō)
* main sea, ocean

#### Synonyms

* 大(たい)洋(よう) (taiyō)

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “海洋”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 海 | 洋 |

### Noun

海洋 • (haeyang) (hangeul 해양)
* hanja form of 해양 (“ocean, sea”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 海 | 洋 |

### Adjective

海洋
* chữ Hán form of hải dương (“oceanic”).