# 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷
## Old Uyghur
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *öŋ (“color, shape”).

#### Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /öŋ/)
* color
    Synonyms: 𐽼𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽲 (pwdwq /⁠boduġ⁠/), بوى (bwy /⁠boy⁠/)
* form, shape, appearance
    Synonyms: 𐽼𐽳𐽸 (pwd /⁠bod⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽷 (kwyrk /⁠körk⁠/)
* face color
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽺𐽷 (ʾnk /⁠eŋ⁠/), 𐽲𐽶𐽺𐽷 (qynk /⁠ḳïŋ⁠/), 𐽹𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽴 (mʾnkz /⁠meŋiz⁠/)
* (rare) front, east
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾylkʾrw /⁠ilgerü⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽰𐽾 (kwn twqʾr /⁠kün tuġar⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽻𐽳𐽲 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (kwn twqswq yynkʾq /⁠kün tuġsuḳ yïŋaḳ⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 (ʾwynktwn /⁠öŋtüŋ⁠/)
** c. 10th century, unknown, The Tale of Prince Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara, XLI.6-XLII.1:[…] 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾀𐽾𐽳 𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐽰𐽶𐽽𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 𐽷𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽼𐽰𐽲𐽲𐾄𐽰 𐾀𐽰𐽲𐽸𐽶 𐾈 […][…] ʾwytrw tykyn pʾlyq ʾycynkʾ kyrdy ʾwynktwn q̈ʾpʾqq̈ʾ tʾqdy […]/ […] Ötrü tégin balïġ ičine kirdi, öŋtün ḳapaġḳa tegdi. […] /Then, the prince entered the city and he reached towards the Eastern gate.

##### Derived terms

* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽽 (ʾwynkwyc /⁠öŋüč⁠/, “windpipe, glottis”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽾 (ʾwynkwr /⁠öŋür⁠/, “skirt hem”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwynkwrmʾk /⁠öŋürmek⁠/, “to get close”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽶 (ʾwynky /⁠öŋi⁠/, “unique, separate”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽸𐽳 (ʾwynkdw /⁠öŋdü⁠/, “tradition”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽻𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwynksyrʾmʾk /⁠öŋsiremek⁠/, “to fade, to become faint (of colors)”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽰 (ʾwynkrʾ /⁠öŋre⁠/, “before”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾀𐽳𐽺 (ʾwynktwn /⁠öŋtün⁠/, “towards east, right side”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ʾwynklʾmʾk /⁠öŋlemek⁠/, “to color”)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *öŋ (“uninhabited, desolate area”). Cognate with Old Kirghiz 𐰈𐰮 (üŋ /⁠öŋ⁠/, “desert”), Kyrgyz ээн (een), Tuvan ээн (een, “deserted”).

#### Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /öŋ/)
* (geography) desert
    Synonyms: 𐽲𐽳𐽹 (ḳum), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽷 (kürtük), 𐾁𐽶𐽳𐽿𐽰 (liuša), 𐽻𐽰𐽶 (say), 𐾀𐽰𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽺 (tepirgen), 𐾀𐽼𐽶𐽴 (tepiz)
* (geography) snowy wasteland
    Synonym: 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐾁𐽶𐽲 (ḳarlïġ)
* (geography) virgin land
    Synonym: 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽷 (kürtük)

##### Derived terms

* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽾 (öŋ yér, “desert”)

### Etymology 3

Unknown. Possibly from a Pre-Turkic substrate language.

#### Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /öŋ/)
* (rare) share, margin
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 (ülüg), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽳𐽿 (ülüš)
* (rare) gift
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽳𐾀 (artut), 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽰𐽷 (belek), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽳𐽺𐽽 (közünč)

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 王 (*ɦuaŋ, “king”). The back-voweled variant, 𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ʾwnk /⁠oŋ⁠/), is also attested.

#### Noun

𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /öŋ/)
* king, ruler
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽷 (ʾylyk /⁠élig⁠/), 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽰𐽲𐽲𐽸𐽰𐽾 (qʾnʾqqdʾr /⁠ġanaḫdar⁠/), 𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qʾn /⁠ḫan⁠/), 𐽷𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽺 (kʾqʾn /⁠ḳaġan⁠/), 𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽿𐽺𐽶𐽷𐽶 (prʾšnyky /⁠prašniké⁠/), 𐽿𐽰𐽸 (šʾd /⁠šad⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽱𐽲𐽳 (yʾβqw /⁠yavġu⁠/)
* prince
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽺 (ʾwqlʾn /⁠oġlan⁠/), 𐽾𐽰𐽽𐽰𐽼𐽳𐾀𐽶𐽾𐽰 (rʾcʾpwtyrʾ /⁠račaputira⁠/), 𐾀𐽰𐽶𐽴𐽶 (tʾyzy /⁠taizé⁠/), 𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽶𐽺 (tykyn /⁠tégin⁠/)

##### Declension
### See also

Colors in Old Uyghur · 𐽼𐽳𐽸𐽳𐽲 (pwdwq /⁠boduġ⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾwynk /⁠öŋ⁠/) (layout · text) :
| 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /⁠aḳ⁠/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /⁠yürüŋ⁠/) | 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz /⁠boz⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/) | 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /⁠ḳara⁠/) |
| 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /⁠al⁠/), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl /⁠ḳïzïl⁠/) | 𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr /⁠ar⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz /⁠yaġïz⁠/) | 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /⁠sarïġ⁠/), 𐽷𐽾𐽰𐽴 (krʾz /⁠ḳaraža⁠/) |
| | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿 (yʾš /⁠yaš⁠/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl /⁠yašïl⁠/) | |
| 𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /⁠čač⁠/) | 𐽽𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽾 (cʾkyr /⁠čaḳïr⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /⁠kök⁠/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽿 (kwykwš /⁠köküš⁠/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /⁠razavart⁠/) |
| 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /⁠yipgin⁠/) | | 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn /⁠ḳïzġan⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sʾzqʾn /⁠sazġan⁠/) |

### References

* Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “öng”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 151
* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 (öŋ), (2) öŋ, (3) öŋ (?üŋ)”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 167-168
* Hamilton, James (2020) Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 47
* Hamilton, James (2020) “öŋ”, in Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, pages 210, 211
* Hamilton, James (2020) Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 299
* Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(2) oŋ”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 510
* Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) öŋ, (2) öŋ, (3) öŋ, (4) öŋ, (7) öŋ”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 533-534