# 寂

| 寂 | U+5BC2, &#23490; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC2 |
| ← 寁 [U+5BC1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寃 → [U+5BC3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

寂 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十卜火水 (JYFE), four-corner 3094$_7$, composition ⿱宀叔)

#### Derived characters

* 漃, 𢠭, 𬿟, 𫴇

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7200
* Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 4
* Unihan data for U+5BC2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 寂
* Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
* Transcribed ancient scripts
| | Old Chinese |
| 椒 | *ʔsliw |
| 茮 | *ʔsliw |
| 踧 | *l'ɯːwɢ, *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 蔋 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 惄 | *nɯːwɢ |
| 戚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慼 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 鏚 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 慽 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 磩 | *sʰlɯːwɢ |
| 寂 | *zlɯːwɢ |
| 嘁 | *ʔsluːb |
| 墄 | *sʰlɯːɡ |
| 摵 | *srɯːɡ, *ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ |
| 督 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 錖 | *ʔl'uːwɢ |
| 裻 | *ʔl'uːwɢ, *sluːwɢ |
| 傶 | *ʔslɯːwɢ |
| 蹙 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 槭 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 縬 | *ʔslɯwɢ, *ʔsrɯwɢ |
| 顣 | *ʔslɯwɢ |
| 敊 | *l̥ʰɯwɢ |
| 琡 | *ʔljɯwɢ, *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 俶 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 埱 | *l̥ʰjɯwɢ |
| 淑 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 婌 | *ɦljɯwɢ |
| 尗 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 叔 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 掓 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 菽 | *hljɯwɢ |
| 鮛 | *hljɯwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlɯːwɢ): semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jì, jí
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zik$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sit
* Eastern Min (BUC): cĭk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zih$^7$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): che̍k / chia̍k / chi̍p / siok / chi̍t / chiauh / chih
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^8$zhiq / $^8$ziq / $^8$zieoq / $^8$jiq
** (Jinhua): $^8$dziq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^4$
*** Yale: jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jí
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zik$^6$
*** Yale: jihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
*** Hakka Romanization System: xid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zih$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ci̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zih$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: che̍k
*** Tâi-lô: tsi̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: tsia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tsi̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cip
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sip̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sip̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
*** Tâi-lô: siok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siog
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t
*** Tâi-lô: tsi̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cit
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiauh
*** Tâi-lô: tsiauh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciauq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siauʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chih
*** Tâi-lô: tsih
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciq
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siʔ⁵/
* che̍k/chia̍k - literary;
* chi̍p/chi̍t/siok - colloquial variants;
* chiauh/chih - vernacular (e.g. 靜寂寂／静寂寂).
* Middle Chinese: dzek
Rime :
| Character | 寂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 前歷切 |
| Baxter | dzek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡zek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ziek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[d]ˤiwk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːwɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 寂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzek › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-[d]ˁiwk/ |
| English | quiet |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 寂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11734 |
| Phonetic component | 尗 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寂 |
| Old Chinese | /*zlɯːwɢ/ |

### Definitions

寂
* still; silent; quiet
* lonely; solitary

### Compounds

* 不甘寂寞 (bùgānjìmò)
* 侘寂
* 冥寂
* 冷寂 (lěngjì)
* 嗼寂 (mòjì)
* 圓寂 / 圆寂 (yuánjì)
* 孤寂 (gūjì)
* 寂天
* 寂寂
* 寂寂無名 / 寂寂无名 (jìjìwúmíng)
* 寂寂無聞 / 寂寂无闻 (jìjìwúwén)
* 寂寞 (jìmò)
* 寂寥 (jìliáo)
* 寂歷 / 寂历 (jìlì)
* 寂滅 / 寂灭
* 寂然 (jìrán)
* 寂若死灰
* 寂若無人 / 寂若无人
* 寂靜 / 寂静 (jìjìng)
* 寞天寂地
* 寥寂
* 岑寂 (cénjì)
* 幽寂
* 悲寂
* 慧寂
* 普寂
* 本寂
* 枯寂 (kūjì)
* 死寂 (sǐjì)
* 沉寂 (chénjì)
* 淵思寂慮 / 渊思寂虑
* 湛寂
* 澄思寂慮 / 澄思寂虑
* 示寂
* 視端容寂 / 视端容寂
* 禪寂 / 禅寂
* 萬籟俱寂 / 万籁俱寂 (wànlàijùjì)
* 臨寂 / 临寂
* 解悶破寂 / 解闷破寂
* 闃寂 / 阒寂 (qùjì)
* 闃寂無聲 / 阒寂无声
* 靜寂 / 静寂 (jìngjì)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01035
* “寂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* loneliness
* quietly
* mellow
* mature
* death of a priest

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゃく (jaku, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kun: さびしい (sabishii, 寂しい, Jōyō)、さび (sabi, 寂, Jōyō)、さびれる (sabireru, 寂れる, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 寂寥(せきりょう) (sekiryō)
* 静寂(せいじゃく) (seijaku)
* 寂(さび)しい (sabishii), 寂(さみ)しい (samishii)
* 寂寞(せきばく) (sekibaku)

## Korean
### Hanja

寂 (eum 적 (jeok))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

寂: Hán Nôm readings: tịch, chệt, tạch
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.