# parallel
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French parallèle, borrowed from Latin parallelus.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpæɹəlɛl/
* (General American, without the Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA: /ˈpæɹəˌlɛl/; enPR: păr′ə-lĕl'
** Audio (General American, without the Mary–marry–merry merger):(file)
* (General American, Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA: /ˈpɛɹəˌlɛl/; enPR: pĕr′ə-lĕl'
** Audio (General American, Mary–marry–merry merger):(file)
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧llel

### Adjective

parallel (not comparable)
* Equally distant from one another at all points.
    The horizontal lines on my notebook paper are parallel.
** 1911, William Robert Martin, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Navigation:the instrument held with its plane roughly parallel to the equinoctial or celestial equato
** 2015 October 16, “Polyanionic Carboxyethyl Peptide Nucleic Acids ( ce -PNAs): Synthesis and DNA Binding”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI:Upon interaction with ss- nucleic acid (NA) targets (deoxyribooligonucleotides (ODNs) or ribooligonucleotides), they form very stable anti-parallel and parallel duplexes [3 ], and the melting temperatures of the antiparallel duplexes are 10 to 15°C higher than those of the parallel duplexes.
* Having the same overall direction; the comparison is indicated with "to".
    The two railway lines are parallel.
** 1711 July 2 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “THURSDAY, June 21, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 99; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:When honour runs parallel with the laws of God and our country, it cannot be too much cherished.The spelling has been modernized.
* (hyperbolic geometry, said of a pair of lines) Either not intersecting, or coinciding.
    Antonyms: perpendicular, skew
* (computing) Involving the processing of multiple tasks at the same time.
    Antonyms: serial, sequential
    Coordinate term: concurrent
    a parallel algorithm
* (figuratively) Analogous, similar, comparable.
    the parallel lives of two citizens
* (science fiction, of realities, dimensions, timelines, etc.) Coexisting but normally not interacting with the regular reality.
    parallel universe

#### Antonyms

* antiparallel
* perpendicular
* skew

#### Derived terms

* autoparallel
* biparallel
* embarrassingly parallel
* frontoparallel
* hyperparallel
* massively parallel
* multiparallel
* nonparallel
* parallelable
* parallel axis theorem
* parallel bars
* parallel citation
* parallel compression
* parallel cousin
* parallel dead space
* parallel giant slalom
* parallel gill trama
* parallel immersion
* parallel import
* parallelisation
* parallelise
* parallelistic
* parallelity
* parallelization
* parallelize
* parallel key
* parallelless
* parallel motion
* parallel palette
* parallel park
* parallel parking
* parallel play
* parallel port
* parallel postulate
* parallel processing
* parallel ruler
* parallel slalom
* parallel text
* parallel transport
* parallelwise
* parallel world
* plane-parallel
* planoparallel
* pseudoparallel
* quasiparallel
* subparallel
* superparallel
* teleparallel
* ultraparallel
* unparallel

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Adverb

parallel (comparative more parallel, superlative most parallel)
* With a parallel relationship.
    The road runs parallel to the canal.

#### Related terms

* parallelly

#### Translations
### Noun

parallel (plural parallels)
* One of a set of parallel lines.
** 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:Who made the spider parallels design, / Sure as De Moivre, without rule or line?
* Direction conformable to that of another line.
** 1699, Samuel Garth, The Dispensary:lines that from their parallel decline
* (geography) A line of latitude.
    The 31st parallel passes through the center of my town.
* An arrangement of electrical components such that a current flows along two or more paths; see in parallel.
* Something identical or similar in essential respects.
** 2013, Alexandra R. Harrington, “The Crime of Aggression and Threats to the Future”, in Sébastien Jodoin, Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger, editors, Sustainable Development, International Criminal Justice, and Treaty Implementation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 161–162:It has also been suggested that environmental crimes might include the proposed crime of ‘ecocide’ or ‘geocide’, with proponents of this view attempting to draw parallels between destructive acts towards the environment and those against the qualifying groups for genocide. […] [M]any who advocate for the creation of either ecocide or geocide principally argue that the best place to try such crimes is through an apparatus created in a separate and environment-oriented treaty.
** 1728, [Alexander Pope], “Book the Third”, in The Dunciad. An Heroic Poem. […], Dublin, London: […] A. Dodd, →OCLC:None but thyself can be thy parallel.
* A comparison made; elaborate tracing of similarity.
    Johnson's parallel between Dryden and Pope
* (military) One of a series of long trenches constructed before a besieged fortress, by the besieging force, as a cover for troops supporting the attacking batteries. They are roughly parallel to the line of outer defenses of the fortress.
* (printing) A character consisting of two parallel vertical lines, used in the text to direct attention to a similarly marked note in the margin or at the foot of a page.

#### Translations
### Verb

parallel (third-person singular simple present parallels, present participle paralleling or (UK, nonstandard) parallelling, simple past and past participle paralleled or (UK, nonstandard) parallelled)
* To construct or place something parallel to something else.
** 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:The needle […] doth parallel and place itself upon the true meridian.
* Of a path etc: To be parallel to something else.
** 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 6, in The Whisperer in Darkness:Archaic covered bridges lingered fearsomely out of the past in pockets of the hills, and the half-abandoned railway track paralleling the river seemed to exhale a nebulously visible air of desolation.
** 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 66:Racing on, we parallel the M5 doing 95mph, according to the app on my smartphone.
* Of a process etc: To be analogous to something else.
* To compare or liken something to something else.
** 1984 April 14, Reginald Shepherd, “White Men's Black Men”, in Gay Community News, page 11:Although its spokesmen do not hesitate to parallel their oppression to that of blacks, the gay male community has chosen to ignore the voices of black gay men.
** 2018, Nicole Seymour, Bad Environmentalism, page 119:These scholars argue that gender and sexual identity are like nature and the environment; they parallel the queer/performance connection to the environmental/performance connection. I consider, instead, how all these categories actively interact and overlap.
* To make to conform to something else in character, motive, aim, etc.
** c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:His life is parallelled / Even with the stroke and line of his great justice.
* To equal; to match; to correspond to.
** c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:He will steale sir an Egge out of a Cloister: for rapes and rauishments he paralels Nessus.
* To produce or adduce as a parallel.
** c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:My young remembrance cannot parallel / A fellow to it.
** 1621, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy, III.2.2.iv:Who cannot parallel these stories out of his experience?
** 1689 December (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], Two Treatises of Government: […], London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC:Many have exercised their wits in paralleling the inconveniences of regal and popular government

#### Derived terms

* antiparallel
* embarrassingly parallel
* forty-ninth parallel
* parallel algorithm
* parallel circuit
* parallel computing
* parallelism
* parallelogram
* parallel universe
* unparalleled

#### Translations
### See also

* sequential

### References

* ↑ Jos Leys — The hyperbolic chamber (paragraph 8)

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian параллель (parallelʹ).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pa‧ral‧lel

### Noun

parallel
* parallel

#### Declension
### References

* “parallel”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Danish
### Etymology

Via Latin parallēlus from Ancient Greek παράλληλος (parállēlos, “side-by-side”), from παρά (pará, “by”) +‎ ἀλλήλοις (allḗlois, “each other”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰɑɑˈlɛlˀ]

### Adjective

parallel (neuter parallelt, plural and definite singular attributive parallelle)
* (geometry) parallel (equally distant at all points)
* parallel (equivalent)

#### Derived terms

* parallelaftale
* parallelforbinde
* parallelforbindelse
* parallelforskyde
* parallelforskydning
* parallelimport
* parallelimportere
* parallelimportør
* parallelisere
* parallelisme
* parallelitet
* parallelklasse
* parallelogram
* parallelparkere
* parallelparkering
* parallelsamfund
* parallelslalom
* parallelunivers

### Noun

parallel c (singular definite parallellen, plural indefinite paralleller)
* parallel (a similar case)
* parallel (comparison)
* (geometry, rare) parallel (a parallel line)

#### See also

* allegori
* analogi
* modstykke
* sidestykke
* sideløbende
* metafor
* parabel

### References

* “parallel,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “parallel,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Latin parallēlus (perhaps via French parallèle), which in turn derives from Ancient Greek παράλληλος (parállēlos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌpaː.rɑˈlɛl/, /ˌpaː.raːˈlɛl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pa‧ral‧lel
* Rhymes: -ɛl

### Noun

parallel f or m (plural parallellen, diminutive parallelletje n)
* parallel (all senses)

### Adjective

parallel (not comparable)
* parallel
    Synonym: evenwijdig

#### Derived terms

* parallellepipedum
* parallelliseren
* parallelweg

#### Descendants

* → Papiamentu: paralèl

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin parallēlus, parallēlos, from Ancient Greek παράλληλος (parállēlos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paʁaˈleːl/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

parallel (strong nominative masculine singular paralleler, not comparable)
* parallel
    Die Linien meines Schreibpapiers laufen exakt parallel. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Die eine Bahnschiene verläuft auch in der Kurve stets parallel zur anderen. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* serving the same purpose, leading to the same result
    Die Autobahn verläuft parallel zur Eisenbahn aber in ganz unterschiedlichen Biegungen und Kurven. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Die Eheleute hatten nichts verabredet, so haben sie parallel (zueinander) eingekauft. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Antonyms

* gekreuzt, schief, windschief

#### Related terms

* Parallele
* Parallelenparalaxe
* parallelisieren
* Parallelklasse
* Parallelogramm
* Parallelverschiebung

### Further reading

* “parallel” in Duden online
* “parallel” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache