# steen
## English
### Alternative forms

* stean

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stiːn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːn

### Noun

steen (plural steens)
* Alternative form of stean

### Verb

steen (third-person singular simple present steens, present participle steening, simple past and past participle steened)
* Alternative form of stean
** 1723, Richard Froſt, James Young, et al., An Account of a Well near Queenborough in Kent, John Eames, John Martyn, The Philosophical Transactions 1719—1733, Abridged, Volume 6, Part 2, Royal Society (Great Britain), page 244,
    We then meaſured the Depth of it, and found it 200 Foot, and artificially ſteened the whole Depth with circular Portland Stone, which is all entire, and ſtands fair, the mean Diameter is four Foot eight Inches; […] .
** 1764, John Muller, A Treatise Containing the Practical Part of Fortification, 2nd edition, page 99:The compaſs bricks are of a circular form, their uſe is for ſteening of walls; […] .
** 1802, A Society of Practical Gardeners, Rural Recreations; Or The Gardener's Instructor, London, page 182,
    The sides and dome of the cone should be nine inches thick, and the sides ought to be constructed of steened brick-work, that is without mortar, and wrought at right angles to the face of the work: the vacancies behind may be filled with brick-bats, gravel, or loose stones, so that the water which escapes through the sides, may the more readily find its way into the reservoir.
** 1849, Richard C. Neville, Remains of the Anglo-Roman Age: The Archaeological Journal, volume 6, London, page 121:They$^{[thewells]}$ were regularly steened with flint to the depth of ten feet; they measured about four feet in diameter at the mouth: no ancient objects were found in them.

#### Related terms

* steening (noun)

### Anagrams

* ESnet, Enets, NEETs, Stene, Tenes, enset, neets, seent, senet, sente, teens, tense

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch steen, from Middle Dutch stêen, from Old Dutch stēn, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɪə̯n/

### Noun

steen (plural stene, diminutive steentjie)
* stone

#### Derived terms

* steenbras

#### Descendants

* → Sotho: setene
* → Southern Ndebele: isitina
* → Zulu: isitini
** Fanagalo: stin

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch stêen, from Old Dutch stēn, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz. Doublet of -stein, a toponymic element indicating a castle borrowed in Middle Dutch from Middle High German.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /steːn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: steen
* Rhymes: -eːn

### Noun

steen m (plural stenen, diminutive steentje n)
* stone (small rock)
* stone (drupe pit)
    Synonym: pit
* (uncountable) stone (hard substance)

#### Derived terms

* baksteen
* deksteen
* dondersteen
* edelsteen
* enkelsteens
* gesteente
* gootsteen
* grafsteen
* hoeksteen
* kalksteen
* kunststeen
* leisteen
* marksteen
* molensteen
* natuursteen
* niersteen
* siersteen
* siltsteen
* slijpsteen
* steen der wijzen
* steen des aanstoots
* steenachtig
* steenarend
* steenbok
* steenbreek
* steencirkel
* steendruk
* steeneik
* steengoed
* steengroeve
* steenhagedis
* steenhommel
* steenhouwer
* steenkool
* steenkoud
* steenkruidkers
* steenloper
* steenmarter
* steenoven
* steenpuist
* steenput
* steenraket
* steenrood
* steenslag
* steentijd
* steenuil
* steenvis
* steenvrucht
* steenwol
* steenworp
* steenwortel
* steenzaag
* steenzolder
* stenen
* stenig
* straatsteen
* tandsteen
* verstenen
* vuursteen
* zandsteen

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: steen
** → Sotho: setene
** → Southern Ndebele: isitina
** → Zulu: isitini
*** Fanagalo: stin
* Berbice Creole Dutch: ten
* Negerhollands: steen, stin, sten
** → Virgin Islands Creole: sten (dated)
* Skepi Creole Dutch: stene, stenna
* → Papiamentu: stenchi (from the diminutive)

### Anagrams

* etsen

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch stēn.

### Noun

stêen m
* stone
* stone house or castle
* prison

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: steen
** Afrikaans: steen
*** → Sotho: setene
*** → Southern Ndebele: isitina
*** → Zulu: isitini
**** Fanagalo: stin
** Berbice Creole Dutch: ten
** Negerhollands: steen, stin, sten
*** → Virgin Islands Creole: sten (dated)
** Skepi Creole Dutch: stene, stenna
** → Papiamentu: stenchi (from the diminutive)
* Limburgish: stein

### Further reading

* “steen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “steen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN