# 以前
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yǐqián
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йичян (yiči͡an, II-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^5$ cin$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yî-chhièn
    (Hailu, HRS): rhi$^ˋ$ cien
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yi$^1$ qiên$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ǐ-chîng
* Eastern Min (BUC): ī-*sèng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): í-chêng / í-chûiⁿ / í-châiⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): i$^2$ zoin$^5$ / i$^2$ zain$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$i-zhi; $^1$i $^6$zhi / $^1$i$_3$-zie$_2$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i$^3$ zienn$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǐqián
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǐcián
*** Wade–Giles: i$^3$-chʻien$^2$
*** Yale: yǐ-chyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiichyan
*** Palladius: ицянь (icjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йичян (yiči͡an, II-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiæ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^5$ cin$^4$
*** Yale: yíh chìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^5$ tsin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^5$ qin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː¹³ t͡sʰiːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˊ$ qien$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ qian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i²⁴ t͡sʰi̯en¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˊ$ qien$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ qian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴ t͡sʰi̯en¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhi$^ˋ$ cien
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵³ t͡sʰien⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yi$^1$ qiên$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i⁴⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sʰiɛn¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǐ-chîng
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹ t͡sʰiŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ī-*sèng
*** Sinological IPA : /i³³⁻²¹ sɛiŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chêng
*** Tâi-lô: í-tsîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: yzeeng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Singapore): /i⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡seŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chûiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: í-tsuînn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: yzvuii
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡suĩ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Tong'an, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-châiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: í-tsâinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: yzvaai
*** IPA (Tong'an): /i³¹⁻²² t͡sãi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /i⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sãi²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: i$^2$ zoin$^5$ / i$^2$ zain$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: í tsôiⁿ / í tsâiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sõĩ⁵⁵/, /i⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sãĩ⁵⁵/
* i2 zoin5 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
* i2 zain5 - Jieyang.

### Noun

以前
* earlier times; formerly; previously

#### Synonyms

* 上早 (Hakka)
* 以早 (ī-cā) (Eastern Min, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 先前 (xiānqián)
* 先行 (xiānxíng) (literary)
* 其先 (qíxiān) (literary)
* 前仔 (Tainan Hokkien)
* 前往 (qiánwǎng) (literary)
* 原在 (Hakka)
* 古者 (gǔzhě) (archaic)
* 向來 / 向来 (xiànglái) (archaic)
* 嘗 / 尝 (cháng) (literary, or used in compounds)
* 在前 (zàiqián)
* 家先 (Hakka)
* 往擺 / 往摆 (Hakka, Hokkien)
* 往擺仔 / 往摆仔 (Hokkien)
* 往者 (wǎngzhě) (literary)
* 往過 / 往过 (Hokkien)
* 往過仔 / 往过仔 (Hokkien)
* 從前 / 从前 (cóngqián)
* 早先 (zǎoxiān)
* 早年所 (Hokkien)
* 早時 / 早时 (Hokkien)
* 昔日 (xīrì) (literary)
* 昔時 / 昔时 (xīshí) (literary)
* 曾
* 曾經 / 曾经 (céngjīng)
* 當初 / 当初 (dāngchū)
* 舊擺 / 旧摆 (Singapore Hokkien)
* 舊早 / 旧早 (Singapore Hokkien)
* 過前 / 过前 (Hainanese)

### Further reading

* “以前”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 以 | 前 |
| い Grade: 4 | ぜん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いぜん [íꜜzèǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [izẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

以(い)前(ぜん) • (izen)
* (the one) before, formerly, ago
* the former, the previous

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 以 | 前 |

### Noun

以前 • (ijeon) (hangeul 이전)
* hanja form of 이전 (“the time before now; heretofore”)