# 囉

| 囉 | U+56C9, &#22217; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56C9 |
| ← 囈 [U+56C8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 囊 → [U+56CA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

囉 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 口田中土 (RWLG), four-corner 6601$_4$, composition ⿰口羅)
* exclamatory final particle
* to nag

#### Derived characters

* 𮟩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 215, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4631
* Dae Jaweon: page 438, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 708, character 4
* Unihan data for U+56C9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 羅 | *raːl |
| 蘿 | *raːl |
| 籮 | *raːl |
| 儸 | *raːl |
| 饠 | *raːl |
| 欏 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
| 囉 | *raːl |
| 鑼 | *raːl |
| 邏 | *raːl, *raːls |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːl): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 羅 (OC *raːl).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luō, luó, luo (luo$^1$, luo$^2$, luo$^5$／luo$^0$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛ, ㄌㄨㄛˊ, ˙ㄌㄨㄛ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lo$^4$ / lo$^1$ / lo$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lô
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lo / lô / lō
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lo$^5$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lo
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luō
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luo
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^1$
*** Yale: lwō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhuo
*** Palladius: ло (lo)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luó
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luó
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^2$
*** Yale: lwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luo
*** Palladius: ло (lo)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luo
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄌㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luo̊
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^5$
*** Yale: lwo
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .luo
*** Palladius: ло (lo)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lo$^4$ / lo$^1$ / lo$^3$
*** Yale: lòh / lō / lo
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lo$^4$ / lo$^1$ / lo$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lo$^4$ / lo$^1$ / lo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔː²¹/, /lɔː⁵⁵/, /lɔː³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lô
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo
*** Tâi-lô: lo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loy
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lo⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lo³³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
*** Tâi-lô: lô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: looi
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lō
*** Tâi-lô: lō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lo³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lo$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lô
*** Sinological IPA : /lo⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lo
*** Sinological IPA : /lo/
* Middle Chinese: la
Rime :
| Character | 囉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 魯何切 |
| Baxter | la |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /la/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | luó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lo$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 囉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8682 |
| Phonetic component | 羅 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 羅 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːl/ |

#### Definitions

囉
* annoying; noisy
* to nag; to argue; to prattle; to chatter
* Used in medieval Buddhist texts to transcribe the Sanskrit syllable ra.

#### Compounds

* 和囉 / 和啰
* 和囉槌 / 和啰槌
* 哈囉 / 哈啰 (hāluó)
* 哆囉哆嗦 / 哆啰哆嗦
* 哩哩囉囉 / 哩哩啰啰 (līliluōluō)
* 哩嗹囉嗹 / 哩𪡏啰𪡏
* 哱囉 / 哱啰 (bōluó)
* 哩囉 / 哩啰
* 喝囉 / 喝啰
* 嘍囉 / 喽啰 (lóuluó)
* 囉唆 / 啰唆 (luōsuo)
* 囉唕 / 啰唕
* 囉哩囉嗦 / 啰哩啰嗦 (luōliluōsuō)
* 囉嗦 / 啰嗦 (luōsuo)
* 囉囉唕唕 / 啰啰唕唕
* 囉囉嗦嗦 / 啰啰嗦嗦 (luōluosuōsuo)
* 囉囉囌囌 / 啰啰苏苏
* 囉囌 / 啰苏 (luōsū)
* 小嘍囉 / 小喽啰

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): lo$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lo$^1$
*** Yale: lō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lo$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

囉 (Cantonese)
* Normally used with 咪 (mai$^6$); indicates that a suggestion or conclusion should be obvious.
       ngo$^5$ mou$^5$ ce$^1$ mai$^1$ faan$^1$ m$^4$ dou$^3$ uk$^1$ kei$^2$ lo$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Of course I'm unable to go home without a car.
* Normally used with 咪 (mai$^6$); connects a condition to a result or suggestion.
       nei$^5$ soeng$^2$ tai$^2$ hei$^3$ mai$^1$ maai$^5$ fei$^1$ lo$^1$. [Jyutping]
       If you want to watch a movie, then buy your tickets.
* Statement-final particle used to express impatience or vexation.
       di$^1$ ce$^1$ haang$^4$ dak$^1$ ging$^3$ faai$^3$ lo$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Those cars are moving so quickly!
* Statement-final particle used to invite agreement or sympathy.
       aai$^1$ ngo$^5$ m$^4$ zi$^1$ dim$^2$ syun$^3$ hou$^2$ lo$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Sigh. I don't know what to do.

#### Descendants

* → English: lor (Singlish, Manglish, Hong Kong English)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): lo$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lo$^1$
*** Yale: lō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lo$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

囉
* (Cantonese) buttocks (Classifier: 個／个 c)
** 1999 May 21, 含撚, “扯撚晒旗”, in hk.talk.sex‎ (Usenet):
       ngo$^5$ go$^2$ baan$^1$ jau$^5$ go$^3$ tung$^4$ hok$^6$ (naam$^4$ zai$^2$) jau$^5$ bo$^1$ jau$^5$ lo$^1$ [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2007, 石凱婷 [Hoi Ting Shek], 《溏心風暴》 [Heart of Greed]‎, episode 9, spoken by 唐至安 [Tong Chi-on] (陳豪 [Moses Chan]):
       nou$^5$ lik$^6$, ting$^2$ hung$^1$, nau$^2$ lo$^1$ [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 臀, 尻, 胐 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 臀部 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 屁股, 老抱抱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 腚, 屁股蛋子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 腚, 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 屁股, 腚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 屁股 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 屁股 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 屁股 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 屁股 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 屁股, 屁股蛋子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 屁股 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 屁股, 屁股蛋子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 腚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 屁股, 腚, 腚錘子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 腚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 屁股 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 腚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 腚, 腚溝子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Rongcheng | 腚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 腚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 腚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 腚, 腚錘子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 屁眼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 屁股, 腚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 屁溝, 溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 屁股, 溝子, 溝蛋子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 屁溝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 屁股眼, 屁眼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 溝子, 溝蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 屁股, 腚, 腚幫子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 屁股 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 溝子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 屁股, 溝子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 屁股, 溝子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 溝子, 溝蛋子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 屁股, 胯子, 溝子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 屁股 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 溝子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 溝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 屁股, 屁兒, 溝子, 溝墩子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 屁股, 屁股登登兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 溝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 屁股, 溝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 屁股, 溝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 屁股 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 屁股, 屁盤子, 腚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 屁股 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 屁股, 屁股盤子 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 屁股 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屎窟, 囉柚, 碌柚, 噼噼 childish, 卯, 八月十五 humorous |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屎窟, 囉柚, 囉噼, 噼噼, 屁股, 囉, 噼, 躉, 臀, 八月十五 humorous |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 屎窟, 囉柚, 囉一 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 室 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 臀, 屎窟, 屎臀, 囉柚, 囉噼 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 臀, 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 臀, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屎窟, 趷臀, 老勝, 卯 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 屎窟臀 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 囉柚, 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 屎窟臀 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 臀砧窿, 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 囉柚, 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 屎窟督, 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Changtan) | 屎窟臀 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 屎窟臀 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 屎窟, 囉柚 |
| Cantonese | Ipoh (Guangfu) | 屎窟, 囉柚, 八月十五 humorous |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 屎窟臀 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 屁股臀 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 屁股 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屁股 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 屎窟臀 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 屁股 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 屎窟, 室臀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 室臀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 室臀 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 屎窟, 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 屎窟, 索嫲 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 室臀 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 屎臀, 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 恤臀 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 恤頭 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 恤臀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 恤臀 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 室臀 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 屎胈 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 屁股 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 屁股 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 屎窟仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 屎窟, 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 屁股 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 屎窟頭 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 屎窟臀 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 屁股 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 屎窟 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 屁股 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 屁股 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 屎窟 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 㞘子, 屁股 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 㞘子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 屁股, 屁股蛋子 |
| Jin | Datong | 屁股, 㞘子, 㞘蛋子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 屁窟, 㞘子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 㞘子, 㞘 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 㞘子 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 屁股 |
| Jin | Linhe | 屁股, 屁股蛋子 |
| Jin | Jining | 屁股 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 屁股, 㞘子, 胯㞘子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 屁股 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 㞘蛋子 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 屁股蛋子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 屁股, 㞘子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 屁股 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 屁股 |
| Jin | Handan | 㞘子, 㞘溝子 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 屁股 |
| Jin | Suide | 屁股, 㞘子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 腠䫌 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 腠䫌 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 屎窟 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 屎窟 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 屎窟 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 屎窟 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 屎窟 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 屎窟 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 股川, 股川髀 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 股川 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 股川髀 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 尻川, 尾掛頭, 尾壩頭, 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 尻川䫌 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Miaoli (Houlong) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 屁股 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 尻川, 尻川板 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 尻川, 尻川板 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 尻川, 尻川板, 尻川斗, 尻川髀, 髀 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 尻川, 尻川髀, 後斗 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 尻川 |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 尻川 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 屎窟 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 屎窟 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 屎窟 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 屎窟 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 屎窟 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 屎窟 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屁股, 屁股臀 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 屁股 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 屎窟 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 屎窟 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 屁股 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 屁眼 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 屁股 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 屁股 |
| Wu | Danyang | 屁股 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 屁股 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 屁股, 屁眼 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 臀, 屁股臀, 股臀屁, 臀髖 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 屁股 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屁股 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 屁股 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 屁股 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 坐腳 |

#### Compounds

* 囉噼 / 啰噼
* 囉柚 / 啰柚

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from English gross (Cheung, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): lo$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lo$^1$
*** Yale: lō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lo$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

囉
* (Cantonese) gross (twelve dozen, 144)
** 2016 June 9, “特稿：睹港玩具集郵品 特首憶穿膠花”, in Wen Wei Po‎, page A8:
       loeng$^4$ zan$^3$ jing$^1$ jik$^1$ seot$^6$, dong$^1$ nin$^4$ sou$^3$ gaau$^1$ faa$^1$ dik$^1$ gung$^1$ cin$^{4-2}$ ji$^5$ “lo$^1$” (gross) gai$^3$, jat$^1$ “lo$^1$” si$^6$ 144 zi$^1$, 12 zi$^1$ jat$^1$ zaat$^3$, 12 zaat$^3$ wai$^4$ jat$^1$ “lo$^1$” [Jyutping]
       CY Leung recalls that, back then the wages for plastic flowers were calculated in “gross”, one gross is 144 flowers. 12 flowers makes a bunch and 12 bunches makes a gross.

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): --lo͘ / --lo͘h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --lo͘
*** Tâi-lô: --loo
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --lo͘h
*** Tâi-lô: --looh

#### Definitions

囉
* (Hokkien) already; now (final perfective particle expressing completion)
    我食囉。／我食啰。 [Hokkien] ― Góa chia̍h--lo͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― I've eaten already.
       Sî-tāi piàn--lo͘h. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Times have changed already.
       Saⁿ-khò͘ pha̍k kā chin ta--lo͘, tio̍h kín siu khí lâi ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The clothes have dried enough now, one should quickly put it away.
       Lí tio̍h m̄-thang kap i oan-ke--lo͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       You should stop quarrelling with him already.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 矣$_1$ |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 了 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 了 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 了 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 了 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 了 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 嘮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 咧 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 了 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 了 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 咧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 了 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 了 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 了 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 了 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咗, 嘵 obsolete |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 耗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 好 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 咗, 敲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 哺 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 誒, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 誒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 敲 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 好 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 後, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 標 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 都 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 嗮 |
| Cantonese | Nanning (Tanka) | 嗮 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 啊 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 畢 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 開, 了 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 開 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 開 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 開, 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 了 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 了, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 了, 咗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Ipoh (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咗 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 了, 咗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 了 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 了 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 了 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 拋, 阿 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 開 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 開 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 開 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 哩 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 了 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 開 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 開 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 了 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 了 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咾 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 咾 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 了 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 了 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 了, 𡅏 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 了 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 囉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 了 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 了 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 了 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 仔, 了 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 仔 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 仔 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 得, 了 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 得, 了 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 仔 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爻 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 了 |

### References

* “囉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “囉”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* Kam Cheong Chiu (2017) “Exploring the Role of Utterance-Final Particle lō in Turn Allocation in Cantonese Conversation”, in NACCL‎, volume 1, number 29

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ら (ra)
* Kan-on: ら (ra)
* Kun: こえ (koe, 囉)

## Korean
### Hanja

囉 • (ra) (hangeul 라, revised ra, McCune–Reischauer ra)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

囉: Hán Nôm readings: la, ra
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.