# gana
## Asturian
### Verb

gana
* inflection of ganar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Balinese
### Romanization

gana
* Romanization of ᬕᬦ
* Romanization of ᬕᬵᬦ
* Romanization of ᬕᬡ
* Romanization of ᬖᬦ

## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish ganar (“to win”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡa.n̪a]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ga‧na

### Adjective

gána (plural garana, Basahan spelling ᜄᜈ)
* victorious; triumphant
    Synonym: daog

### Noun

gána (Basahan spelling ᜄᜈ)
* win; victory; triumph
    Antonym: daog
* appetite
* enthusiasm
    Synonym: entusiyasmo
* function
    Synonym: andar

#### Derived terms

* abri-gana
* ganahan
* ganahon
* maganahan
* manggana
* pagana
* panggana

#### Related terms

* ganado
* ganansiya
* ganar

## Breton
### Verb

gana
* Soft mutation of kana.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Unknown, maybe related to Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈɡa.nə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈɡa.na]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: Ghana

### Noun

gana f (plural ganes)
* hunger (desire for food)
    Synonym: fam
* (especially in the plural) desire to do something
    tenir ganes ― to feel like, fancy (literally, “to have desires”)

### Further reading

* “gana” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish gana.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ga‧na
* IPA: /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡa.n̪ɐ]

### Noun

gana
* appetite
* desire

### Verb

gana
* to work
* to start up

## Galician
### Etymology 1

Attested since 1671. From Spanish gana, maybe from Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”) .

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡana̝/

#### Noun

gana f (plural ganas)
* desire to do something; zest
    Synonym: desexo
* appetite
    Synonym: apetito
* ill will
* urge
    Tes gana de mexar? ― Do you feel the urge to piss?

#### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gana”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gana”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gana”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “gana”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

gana
* inflection of ganir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Gamilaraay
### Etymology

Compare Wiradjuri ganang.

### Noun

gana
* liver

## Garo
### Verb

gana
* to wear

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish gana.

### Noun

gana
* appetite, desire

## Icelandic
### Verb

gana (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ganaði, supine ganað)
* rush, run frantically, act recklessly

#### Conjugation
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡa.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: ga‧na

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic غَنَاء (ḡanāʔ).

#### Noun

gana (plural gana-gana)
* wealth
    Synonym: kekayaan

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

gana (plural gana-gana)
* Alternative spelling of ganar (“confused, mad”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

gana (plural gana-gana)
* (archaic) decorative form in the form of a small child

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from Malay [Term?].

#### Verb

gana
* (dialect, Riau) to carry something together, one person carrying it in front, one person behind

### Etymology 5

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦤ (gana, “bee larvae”), from Old Javanese gaṇa (“host, group; a kind of demi-god; number; a certain military subdivision”), from Sanskrit गण (gaṇa, “flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, series, class (of animate or inanimate beings), body of followers or attendants”).

#### Noun

gana (plural gana-gana)
* (dialect, Java) young wasp

### Further reading

* “gana” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

gana
* Romanization of ꦒꦤ

## Juba Arabic
### Etymology

From Sudanese Arabic قنا (gana).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡana/, [ˈɡa.na]

### Noun

gana
* bamboo

### References

* Ian Smith, Morris Timothy Ama (1985) A Dictionary of Juba Arabic & English‎, 1st edition, Juba: The Committee of The Juba Cheshire Home and Centre for Handicapped Children, page 20

## Latvian
### Etymology

Cognate with Lithuanian ganà (“enough, rather, fairly”).

### Adverb

gana
* enough

### Noun

gana m
* genitive singular of gans

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Of unclear origin. According to Derksen, from a Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to flourish, swell; enough, numerous”), which he appears to consider the same as *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) (whence giñti (“drive, chase”)), perhaps via semantic shifts "slay" > "booty (from spoils of war)" > "flourish". Cognate with Latvian gana (“enough, rather, fairly”), Old Church Slavonic гонѣти (goněti, “to suffice”); outside of Balto-Slavic, compare tentatively Sanskrit घन (ghaná, “dense, thick”), Sanskrit आहनस् (āhanás, “thriving, full”), Old Armenian յոգն (yogn, “plenty”), Proto-West Germanic *gant (“whole, complete”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Adverb

ganà
* enough, sufficiently
    Synonyms: pakanka, užtenka, pakankamai, užtektinai
    Aš turiu gana pinigų. ― I have enough money.
    Gana jau, gana! ― Enough already, enough!
* rather, fairly
    Synonyms: gerokai, pakankamai
    Jis gana trumpas. ― He is rather short.

#### Related terms

* ganė́ti (“to suffice”)
* gandė́tis (“to fear, be afraid”)

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “ganà”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 155-6
* ↑ “gana”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “gana”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 163

### Further reading

* “gana”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гонезнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

## Makasar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡana/, [ˈɡa.nã]
* Hyphenation: ga‧na

### Adjective

gana (Lontara spelling ᨁᨊ)
* female (of animals and plants)
    Jangang ganaya ― The hen

#### Usage notes

* In most dialects, the word tends to be derogatory in nature when applied in the human sense, akin to addressing someone with the word bitch.

#### Synonyms

* baine (of humans)

#### Antonyms

* laki (of animals and plants)
* bura'ne (of humans)

#### Derived terms

* a'gana
* pa'gana

## Northern Sotho
### Verb

gana
* to refuse

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Spanish gana.

### Noun

gana
* desire
* wish
* appetite

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɐnɐ
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡɐ̃.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡɐ̃.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡɐ.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɡɐ.nɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɡɐ.nɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈɡa.nɐ/
* Hyphenation: ga‧na
* Homophone: Gana

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish gana.

#### Noun

gana f (plural ganas)
* a strong desire, willingness or enthusiasm to achieve something; impetus; spur
    Synonyms: garra, fome
* ill will (aversion towards someone)
    Synonyms: aversão, ranço, desgosto, ódio

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

gana
* inflection of ganir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Rohingya
### Alternative forms

* 𐴒𐴝𐴕𐴝 (gana) — Hanifi Rohingya script

### Etymology

Cognate with Bengali গান (gan).

### Noun

gana (Hanifi spelling 𐴒𐴝𐴕𐴝)
* song

#### Related terms

* gan / 𐴒𐴝𐴕 (gan)

## Sardinian
### Etymology

From Spanish gana.

### Noun

gana
* desire

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡa.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: ga‧na
* Homophone: Ghana

### Etymology 1

Unknown, maybe related to Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan, “to covet”) and thus ganar.

#### Noun

gana f (plural ganas)
* (often in the plural) desire (to do something)
    Tengo ganas de irme.I've got an urge to leave.
    Lo que me da la gana.Whatever I feel like doing.

##### Derived terms

* con ganas
* dar ganas
* dar la gana
* de buena gana
* de mala gana
* desganado
* desganarse
* echarle ganas
* tener ganas

##### Descendants

* → Cebuano: gana
* → Hiligaynon: gana
* → Sicilian: gana, jana
* → Tagalog: gana
* → Moroccan Arabic: ڭانة (gāna)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

gana
* inflection of ganar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “gana”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swazi
### Verb

-gana
* to take/accept a lover (only said of a girl)

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish gana.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈɡana/ [ˈɡaː.n̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: ga‧na

#### Noun

gana (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜈ)
* appetite; relish for food or drink
* inclination; liking; motivation; willingness to do something
* seal; enthusiasm; diligence
    Synonyms: sigla, sigasig
* functioning (of machines)
* salary; wages; income
    Synonyms: kita, suweldo, sahod
* renumeration; reward; compensation
    Synonyms: gantimpagal, bayad, gantimpala
* gain; profit
    Synonyms: tubo, ganansiya, pakinabang
* interest from loans
    Synonyms: tubo, patubo, patong, interes
* tight hold or grip (as of a wrench)
    Synonyms: hapit, kagat

##### Derived terms

* ganahin
* gumana
* magana
* magpawalang-gana
* nakagagana
* paganahin
* pampagana
* walang-kagana-gana

##### Related terms

* abrigana

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ɡaˈna/ [ɡɐˈn̪a]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ga‧na

#### Adverb

ganá (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜈ)
* at once; immediately
    Synonyms: agad, kaagad, pagdaka, pagkaraka

### Anagrams

* gaan, anga, naga

## Volapük
### Noun

gana
* genitive singular of gan

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈɡana/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈɡaːna/, /ˈɡana/

### Verb

gana
* Soft mutation of cana.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Wiradjuri
### Alternative forms

* gãnna

### Etymology

Compare Ngiyambaa kanaa.

### Noun

gana
* shoulder
** 1892, James Günther, “Grammar and Vocabulary of the Aboriginal Dialect called the Wirradhuri”, in John Fraser, editor, An Australian Language:Gãnna—the shoulder.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## Zulu
### Verb

-gana
* to marry, to choose a husband

#### Inflection
### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gana”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gana (6.3)”