# arán
## Hungarian
### Etymology

ara (“bride”, literary) +‎ -n (case suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒraːn]
* Hyphenation: arán
* Rhymes: -aːn

### Noun

arán
* superessive singular of ara

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish arán, from Proto-Celtic *aragnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os (literally “born of the plough”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /əˈɾˠɑːn̪ˠ/, [əˈɾˠɑ̃ːn̪ˠ]
* (Connacht) IPA: /(ə)ˈɾˠɑːnˠ/, /(ə)ˈɾˠɑːn̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈaɾˠanˠ/

### Noun

arán m (genitive singular aráin)
* bread
** 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 99:tȧńīn̄ n̥ t-rān šə lm̥ gə rī wōr.[Taitníonn an t-arán seo liom go rí-mhór.]I like this bread very much.

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
nominative
arán
vocative
a aráin
genitive
aráin
dative
arán
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative
an t-arán
genitive
an aráin
dative
leis an arán don arán :

#### Derived terms

* anlann aráin roiste m (“bread-sauce”)
* arán baile m (“home-baked bread”)
* arán bán m (“white bread; baker’s bread”)
* arán buí m (“cornbread”)
* arán coirce m (“oatbread, oatcake”)
* arán cuiríní m (“currant-bread”)
* arán donn m (“brown bread”)
* arán geal m (“white bread; baker’s bread”)
* arán glas m (“wall pennywort”)
* arán mine cruithneachta m (“mixed bread”)
* arán plúir m (“home-made bread”)
* arán prátaí m (“potato cake”)
* arán rísíní m (“raisin-bread”)
* arán rua m (“brown bread”)
* arán sinséir m (“gingerbread”)
* arán stálaithe m (“old bread”)
* arán úr m (“new bread”)
* bruscar aráin m (“bread-crumb”)
* cipín aráin m (“breadstick”)
* ciseán aráin m (“bread-basket”)
* clár aráin m (“bread-board”)
* cófra aráin m (“bread-bin”)
* grabhróg aráin f (“bread-crumb”)
* múscán aráin m (“bread mold”)
* scian aráin f (“bread-knife”)
* toradh aráin m (“bread-fruit”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “arán”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Hamp, Eric P. (1995) “Old Irish arbar n. “corn””, in Études Celtiques, volume 31, →DOI, pages 89–90
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 110, page 59
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 99
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1975) The Irish of Cois Fhairrge, Co. Galway: A Phonetic Study, revised edition, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, § 251, page 48
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 244, page 88

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “arán”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “arán”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “arán”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm

## Old Irish
### Etymology

Derived by Eric Hamp from Proto-Celtic *aragnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os, from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) +‎ *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaraːn/

### Noun

arán m
* (rare) bread
    Synonym: bairgen
* loaf of bread

#### Usage notes

The term is most abundantly found in a memoir about monastery life at Tallaght, and appears generally nowhere else. Elsewhere, bairgen serves as the general term for bread.

#### Inflection

* $^H$ = triggers aspiration
* $^L$ = triggers lenition
* $^N$ = triggers nasalization

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: arán
** Irish: arán
** Manx: arran
** Scottish Gaelic: aran

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Hamp, Eric P. (1995) “Old Irish arbar n. “corn””, in Etudes Celtiques, volume 31, number 1, PERSEE Program, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 89–90

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “arán”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Basque aran (“plum”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈɾan/ [aˈɾãn]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: a‧rán

### Noun

arán m (plural aranes)
* (regional, Biscay, Álava) blackthorn
    Synonyms: arañón, endrino

#### Related terms

* pacharán

### Further reading

* “arán”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10