OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ფუგასი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From French.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰuɡasi]

### Noun

ფუგასი • (pugasi) (plural ფუგასები)
* landmine

#### Declension

Declension of ფუგასი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | ფუგასი (pugasi) | ფუგასები (pugasebi) | ფუგასნი (pugasni) |
| ergative | ფუგასმა (pugasma) | ფუგასებმა (pugasebma) | ფუგასთ(ა) (pugast(a)) |
| dative | ფუგასს(ა) (pugass(a)) | ფუგასებს(ა) (pugasebs(a)) | ფუგასთ(ა) (pugast(a)) |
| genitive | ფუგასის(ა) (pugasis(a)) | ფუგასების(ა) (pugasebis(a)) | ფუგასთ(ა) (pugast(a)) |
| instrumental | ფუგასით(ა) (pugasit(a)) | ფუგასებით(ა) (pugasebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ფუგასად(ა) (pugasad(a)) | ფუგასებად(ა) (pugasebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ფუგასო (pugaso) | ფუგასებო (pugasebo) | ფუგასნო (pugasno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ფუგასი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ფუგასზე (pugasze) | ფუგასებზე (pugasebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ფუგასთან (pugastan) | ფუგასებთან (pugasebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ფუგასში (pugasši) | ფუგასებში (pugasebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ფუგასივით (pugasivit) | ფუგასებივით (pugasebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ფუგასისთვის (pugasistvis) | ფუგასებისთვის (pugasebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ფუგასისებრ (pugasisebr) | ფუგასებისებრ (pugasebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ფუგასისკენ (pugasisḳen) | ფუგასებისკენ (pugasebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ფუგასისგან (pugasisgan) | ფუგასებისგან (pugasebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ფუგასისადმი (pugasisadmi) | ფუგასებისადმი (pugasebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ფუგასიდან (pugasidan) | ფუგასებიდან (pugasebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ფუგასითურთ (pugasiturt) | ფუგასებითურთ (pugasebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ფუგასამდე (pugasamde) | ფუგასებამდე (pugasebamde) |
# oakleaf hydrangea
## English
### Etymology

Partial calque of taxonomic name Hydrangea quercifolia. The specific epithet quercifolia comes from Latin quercus (“oak”) + Latin folia (“leaf”), referring to the leaves' similarity in shape to those of oak trees, which belong to the unrelated genus Quercus.

### Noun

oakleaf hydrangea (plural oakleaf hydrangeas)
* A type of deciduous shrub native to the southeastern United States, often cultivated as an ornamental plant, of species Hydrangea quercifolia.
** 2007 August 30, Anne Raver, “Vistas and Close-Ups, Staged by a Filmmaker”, in New York Times‎:There were callicarpas full of pale lavender berries, which would turn purple in the fall; viburnums and shrub dogwoods; and lacy elderberries juxtaposed against dense evergreens or the large, floppy leaves of an oakleaf hydrangea.

#### Translations
### References

* oakleaf hydrangea on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Hydrangea quercifolia on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Hydrangea quercifolia on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# Carinae
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Carinae
* (astronomy) genitive of Carina used when naming stars, such as α Carinae.

## Latin
### Etymology

From carīna (“keel”); according to Servius (In Vergilii Aeneidem Commentarii. VIII. 361), from the shape of buildings near the temple of Tellus located here.

### Pronunciatio

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kaˈriː.nae̯/, [käˈriːnäe̯]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kaˈri.ne/, [käˈriːne]

### Proper noun

Carīnae f pl (genitive Carīnārum); first declension
* a Roman district situated at the western end of the southern spur of the Esquiline Hill, likely conflated with the Fāgūtal

#### Declension

First-declension noun, plural only.

#### See also

* Esquilīnus mons
* Fāgūtal
* Oppius mons

### Further reading

* Carinae in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “Carinae”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929) Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
# مكنة
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /muk.na/

### Noun

مُكْنَة • (mukna) f (plural مُكُنَات (mukunāt) or مُكْنَات (muknāt))
* capability, capacity, ability, strength

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: مكنت (miknet)
** Turkish: miknet

## Chadian Arabic
### Etymology

Ultimately from Italian macchina. Compare Egyptian Arabic مكنة (makana).

### Noun

مكنة • (makana) f (plural مكنات (makanāt))
* motor, engine

### References

* Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎ (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 94
* Pommerol, Patrice Jullien de (1999) Dictionnaire Arabe Tchadien ~ Français (in French), Éditions Karthala, →ISBN, page 810
# kuartir
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkua̯rtɪr]
* Hyphenation: kuar‧tir

### Noun

kuartir (uncountable)
* alternative form of kwartir (“quarter”)
# rupjāki
## Latvian
### Adjective

rupjāki
* nominative masculine plural of rupjāks
# خبن
## Chadian Arabic
### Verb

خبن • (ḵabban)
* Pronunciation spelling of غبن (ḵabban).
# ფუნთუშა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰuntʰuʃa]

### Noun

ფუნთუშა • (puntuša) (plural ფუნთუშები)
* bun, doughnut, roll

#### Declension

Declension of ფუნთუშა (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | ფუნთუშა (puntuša) | ფუნთუშები (puntušebi) | ფუნთუშანი (puntušani) |
| ergative | ფუნთუშამ (puntušam) | ფუნთუშებმა (puntušebma) | ფუნთუშათ(ა) (puntušat(a)) |
| dative | ფუნთუშას(ა) (puntušas(a)) | ფუნთუშებს(ა) (puntušebs(a)) | ფუნთუშათ(ა) (puntušat(a)) |
| genitive | ფუნთუშის(ა) (puntušis(a)) | ფუნთუშების(ა) (puntušebis(a)) | ფუნთუშათ(ა) (puntušat(a)) |
| instrumental | ფუნთუშით(ა) (puntušit(a)) | ფუნთუშებით(ა) (puntušebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ფუნთუშად(ა) (puntušad(a)) | ფუნთუშებად(ა) (puntušebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ფუნთუშავ (puntušav) | ფუნთუშებო (puntušebo) | ფუნთუშანო (puntušano) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ფუნთუშა (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ფუნთუშაზე (puntušaze) | ფუნთუშებზე (puntušebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ფუნთუშასთან (puntušastan) | ფუნთუშებთან (puntušebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ფუნთუშაში (puntušaši) | ფუნთუშებში (puntušebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ფუნთუშასავით (puntušasavit) | ფუნთუშებივით (puntušebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ფუნთუშისთვის (puntušistvis) | ფუნთუშებისთვის (puntušebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ფუნთუშისებრ (puntušisebr) | ფუნთუშებისებრ (puntušebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ფუნთუშისკენ (puntušisḳen) | ფუნთუშებისკენ (puntušebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ფუნთუშისგან (puntušisgan) | ფუნთუშებისგან (puntušebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ფუნთუშისადმი (puntušisadmi) | ფუნთუშებისადმი (puntušebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ფუნთუშიდან (puntušidan) | ფუნთუშებიდან (puntušebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ფუნთუშითურთ (puntušiturt) | ფუნთუშებითურთ (puntušebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ფუნთუშამდე (puntušamde) | ფუნთუშებამდე (puntušebamde) |
# ἀποκωλύοι
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.po.kɔː.ly̌ː.oi̯/ → /a.po.koˈly.y/ → /a.po.koˈli.i/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.po.kɔː.ly̌ː.oi̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.po.koˈly.y/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.po.koˈly.y/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.po.koˈly.y/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.po.koˈli.i/

### Verb

ἀποκωλῡ́οι • (apokōlū́oi)
* third-person singular present active optative of ἀποκωλύω (apokōlúō)
# hypercriticism
## English
### Etymology

From hyper- +‎ criticism.

### Noun

hypercriticism (countable and uncountable, plural hypercriticisms)
* Excessive or unfairly harsh criticism.
    Hypernyms: overcriticism < criticism, critique
    Near-synonyms: (quibbling type) cavillation, cavilling, nitpicking, nitpickery, pettifogging, pettifoggery, hairsplitting, hair-splittery, splitting hairs; (demolishing type) excoriation, excoriating, bashing, trashing
** 1881, John Younger, quoting J. & J.H. Rutherfurd, “Publishers' Note”, in Autobiography of John Younger, Shoemaker, St. Boswells‎, Kelso, Scotland: J. & J.H. Rutherfurd, pages iii–iv:The Publishers, in issuing this Autobiography of a man altogether out of and above the common ranks in which it was his lot to be born and to live—the publication of which, they are aware, has been awaited by many with considerable interest and curiosity—desire to explain that in passing it through the press it has not been subjected to any extensive editorial pruning or toning. Here and there sentences which were considered unduly involved or extended have been simplified or broken up into two, in order to avoid tediousness to the reader, and occasionally a word of the author's own coining has been changed so as to remove ground for hypercriticism; but these changes have been so extremely few that the reader need not have any misgivings lest he is not in contact with John Younger's own genuine thoughts expressed in his own frank and forcible manner. There was an originality and individuality about John's way of viewing things as well as in his mode of expressing his thoughts which imparted to him and to them an additional interest and attraction, which it has been the object of the Publishers to preserve.

#### Derived terms

* hypercritical
* hypercriticize

### References

* “hypercriticism”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# ræche
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈræːxə/

### Verb

ræche
* second-person singular past indicative of rëchen
* first/third-person singular past subjunctive of rëchen

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈræːxə/

### Verb

ræche
* second-person singular past indicative of rëchen
* first/third-person singular past subjunctive of rëchen
# kubis
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay kubis, from Portuguese couves, plural form of couve, from Old Galician-Portuguese couve, from earlier *coue, from Latin caulis, caulem (“stem of a cabbage”), from Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem”). Doublet of kol.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkubɪs]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ku‧bis

### Noun

kubis (plural)
* cabbage
    Synonym: kol

### Further reading

* “kubis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* kobis

### Etymology

From Portuguese couves, plural form of couve, from Old Galician-Portuguese couve, from earlier *coue, from Latin caulis, caulem (“stem of a cabbage”), from Ancient Greek καυλός (kaulós, “stem”).

### Noun

kubis (Jawi spelling کوبيس, plural kubis-kubis, informal 1st possessive kubisku, 2nd possessive kubismu, 3rd possessive kubisnya)
* cabbage

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: kubis

### Further reading

* “kubis” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# apes
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eɪps/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪps

### Noun

apes
* plural of ape

### Verb

apes
* third-person singular simple present indicative of ape

### Anagrams

* pase, SEPA, Peas, Paes, PEAs, spae, peas, Sepa, apse, EAPs, EPAs, PESA

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦥꦼꦱ꧀ (apes), from Old Javanese apĕs, apus (“weak, exhausted”). Probably related to hapus (“to delete”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈapəs]
* Hyphenation: apês

### Adjective

apes
* unlucky.
    Synonym: sial
    Antonym: beruntung

#### Derived terms

* keapesan

#### Descendants

* → Malay: اڤس (apes → apas)

### Further reading

* “apes” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Interlingua
### Noun

apes
* plural of ape

## Javanese
### Romanization

apes
* Romanization of ꦲꦥꦼꦱ꧀

## Latin
### Verb

apēs
* second-person singular future active indicative of apō

### Noun

apēs
* nominative/vocative/accusative plural of apis

### References

* "apes", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Middle English
### Noun

apes
* plural of ape

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

apes
* passive of ape

## Sardinian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈapes/

### Noun

apes f pl
* plural of ape
# rūgtajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

rūgtajās
* definite locative feminine plural of rūgts
# ფუტურიზმი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰutʼuɾizmi]

### Noun

ფუტურიზმი • (puṭurizmi) (uncountable)
* futurism

#### Declension

Declension of ფუტურიზმი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | ფუტურიზმი (puṭurizmi) |
| ergative | ფუტურიზმმა (puṭurizmma) |
| dative | ფუტურიზმს(ა) (puṭurizms(a)) |
| genitive | ფუტურიზმის(ა) (puṭurizmis(a)) |
| instrumental | ფუტურიზმით(ა) (puṭurizmit(a)) |
| adverbial | ფუტურიზმად(ა) (puṭurizmad(a)) |
| vocative | ფუტურიზმო (puṭurizmo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ფუტურიზმი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ფუტურიზმზე (puṭurizmze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ფუტურიზმთან (puṭurizmtan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ფუტურიზმში (puṭurizmši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ფუტურიზმივით (puṭurizmivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ფუტურიზმისთვის (puṭurizmistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ფუტურიზმისებრ (puṭurizmisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ფუტურიზმისკენ (puṭurizmisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ფუტურიზმისგან (puṭurizmisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ფუტურიზმისადმი (puṭurizmisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ფუტურიზმიდან (puṭurizmidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ფუტურიზმითურთ (puṭurizmiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ფუტურიზმამდე (puṭurizmamde) | |
# paresis
## English
### Etymology

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek πάρεσις (páresis, “letting go, paralysis”), from πάρειμι (páreimi, “relax”), from παρα- (para-) +‎ εἶμι (eîmi, “let go”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /pəˈɹiːsɪs/

### Noun

paresis (countable and uncountable, plural pareses)
* A paralysis which is incomplete or which occurs in isolated areas.
* Inflammation of the brain as a cause of dementia or paralysis.
** 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:"You really touch the limit," said he. "You enlarge my view of the possible. Cerebral paresis! Mental inertia! Wonderful!" He was too absurd to make me angry.

#### Derived terms

* gastroparesis
* general paresis
* hemiparesis
* monoparesis
* ophthalmoparesis
* paraparesis
* taboparesis
* tetraparesis

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “paresis”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “paresis”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “paresis”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* Parsies, Paressi, Parises, spireas, Serapis, praises, aspires, Arispes
# לחם
## Arabic
### Noun

לחם • (transliteration needed) m
* Judeo-Arabic spelling of لَحْم (laḥm, “meat”)‎‎
** c. 10th century, Saadia Gaon, Tafsir‎, Numbers 11:4:ואללפיף אלד֗ין פימא בינהם תשהו שהוה פרג֗ע בנו אסראיל איצ֗א מעהם ובכו וקאלו מן יטעמנא לחמאAnd the crowd who were among them felt a craving, and the Israelites also wept with them and said, Let us have meat!

## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: [ˈlɛːħɛm]
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ˈleχem/

### Etymology 1

Cognate with Arabic لَحْم (laḥm, “meat”). The varying semantic developments are due to the differing agriculture and diets of the Arabian Peninsula and the Fertile Crescent.

#### Noun

לֶחֶם • (lékhem) m (singular construct לֶחֶם־, Biblical Hebrew pausal form לָחֶם) [pattern: קֶטֶל]
* bread
* (archaic or poetic) food
* (poetic) grain from which bread is made

##### Derived terms

* בֵּית לֶחֶם (bet lékhem)
* לֶחֶם מִשְׁנֶה (lékhem mishné)
* לחמנייה / לַחְמָנִיָּה (lakhmaniyá)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

לָחֶם • (lákhem) m
* combat, battle

#### Verb

לָחַם • (lakhám)
* to fight

#### Related terms

* לׇחְמָה / לוחמה (lokhmá, “warfare”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

לַחַם • (lákham) m
* solder (metal used for welding)

### References

* H3899 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Klein, Ernest (1987) “לֶחֶם”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 298b
* Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 704a
* “לחם” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Anagrams

* חלם, חמל, מלח
# ræche
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈræːxə/

### Verb

ræche
* second-person singular preterite indicative of rëchen
* first/third-person singular preterite subjunctive of rëchen

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈræːxə/

### Verb

ræche
* second-person singular preterite indicative of rëchen
* first/third-person singular preterite subjunctive of rëchen
# kuburan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

kubur +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kuˈbʊran]
* Hyphenation: ku‧bur‧an

### Noun

kuburan (plural)
* graveyard
    Synonyms: kerkop, pekuburan, sentiong

### Further reading

* “kuburan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# rūgtajos
## Latvian
### Adjective

rūgtajos
* definite locative masculine plural of rūgts
# śniedź
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* śmieć (Kuyavia)
* śnidź (Kielce)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɕɲɛt͡ɕ/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈɕɲɛt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: śniedź
* Homophones: śnieć, Śnieć

### Noun

śniedź f
* patina (color or incrustation which age and wear give to objects)
    Synonyms: grynszpan, patyna
* (Far Masovian) Alternative form of śnieć (“smut”); blight of oats, barley and millet that causes the grain to turn black and rub off in the fingers into a black-brown ash

#### Derived terms

* śniedzieć
* zaśniedzieć

### Further reading

* śniedź in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* śniedź in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Stanisław Ciszewski (1909) “śniedź”, in “Przyczynek do słownika gwary mazowieckiej”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 7, z. 1, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 210
# ფხვნილი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰχʷnili]

### Noun

ფხვნილი • (pxvnili) (plural ფხვნილები)
* powder

#### Declension

Declension of ფხვნილი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | ფხვნილი (pxvnili) | ფხვნილები (pxvnilebi) | ფხვნილნი (pxvnilni) |
| ergative | ფხვნილმა (pxvnilma) | ფხვნილებმა (pxvnilebma) | ფხვნილთ(ა) (pxvnilt(a)) |
| dative | ფხვნილს(ა) (pxvnils(a)) | ფხვნილებს(ა) (pxvnilebs(a)) | ფხვნილთ(ა) (pxvnilt(a)) |
| genitive | ფხვნილის(ა) (pxvnilis(a)) | ფხვნილების(ა) (pxvnilebis(a)) | ფხვნილთ(ა) (pxvnilt(a)) |
| instrumental | ფხვნილით(ა) (pxvnilit(a)) | ფხვნილებით(ა) (pxvnilebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ფხვნილად(ა) (pxvnilad(a)) | ფხვნილებად(ა) (pxvnilebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ფხვნილო (pxvnilo) | ფხვნილებო (pxvnilebo) | ფხვნილნო (pxvnilno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ფხვნილი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ფხვნილზე (pxvnilze) | ფხვნილებზე (pxvnilebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ფხვნილთან (pxvniltan) | ფხვნილებთან (pxvnilebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ფხვნილში (pxvnilši) | ფხვნილებში (pxvnilebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ფხვნილივით (pxvnilivit) | ფხვნილებივით (pxvnilebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ფხვნილისთვის (pxvnilistvis) | ფხვნილებისთვის (pxvnilebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ფხვნილისებრ (pxvnilisebr) | ფხვნილებისებრ (pxvnilebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ფხვნილისკენ (pxvnilisḳen) | ფხვნილებისკენ (pxvnilebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ფხვნილისგან (pxvnilisgan) | ფხვნილებისგან (pxvnilebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ფხვნილისადმი (pxvnilisadmi) | ფხვნილებისადმი (pxvnilebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ფხვნილიდან (pxvnilidan) | ფხვნილებიდან (pxvnilebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ფხვნილითურთ (pxvniliturt) | ფხვნილებითურთ (pxvnilebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ფხვნილამდე (pxvnilamde) | ფხვნილებამდე (pxvnilebamde) |

#### Derived terms

* ფხვნილი შაქარი (pxvnili šakari)
# kue batang buruk
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay kue batang buruk and Pontianak Malay kue batang burok.

### Noun

kue batang buruk (plural kue-kue batang buruk)
* Riau Islands Malay traditional pastry, made from wheat flour, spring roll skin, green bean, milk powder and fine granulated sugar
* Pontianak Malay traditional steamed cake, made from wheat flour, minced meat, egg, onions, garlic, carrots and potatoes
# rūgtajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

rūgtajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of rūgts
# iver
## English
### Adverb

iver (not comparable)
* (dialectal) Alternative spelling of ever

### Anagrams

* Rive, Irve, vier, vire, rive

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iːvər/, [ˈiːˀvɐ], [ˈiːˀwɐ], [ˈiwˀɐ]

### Noun

iver c (singular definite iveren, not used in plural form)
* eagerness, zeal
* ardour

#### Synonyms

* ivrighed

### References

* “iver” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Middle Low German
### Pronunciation

* (originally) IPA: /iːvər/

### Noun

îver
* zeal, eagerness, striving to reach something
* rage, frenzy, ire

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Middle Low German îver, via Danish iver.

### Noun

iver m (definite singular iveren)
* ardency; eagerness; keenness
* ardour (UK), ardor (US)
* zeal

#### Related terms

* ivrig

### References

* “iver” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Middle Low German îver, via Danish iver.

### Noun

iver m (definite singular iveren)
* ardency; eagerness; keenness
* ardour (UK), ardor (US)
* zeal

#### Related terms

* ivrig

### References

* “iver” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old French
### Noun

iver oblique singular, m (oblique plural ivers, nominative singular ivers, nominative plural iver)
* Alternative form of yver (winter)

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German īwer, possibly originally from Proto-West Germanic *aibr, from Proto-Germanic *aibraz (“sharp, bitter, vehement, dire, violent”, adj.).
Cognate with Danish iver, Norwegian Bokmål iver, Norwegian Nynorsk iver, German Eifer, Luxembourgish Äifer, Dutch ijver and Afrikaans ywer.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Gotland); “en iver”:(file)

### Noun

iver c (uncountable)
* eagerness (fervor or devotion)

#### Related terms

* ivra
* ivrare
* ivrig

#### See also

* nit

### References

* iver in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* iver in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)