# park
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English park, from Old French parc (“livestock pen”), from Medieval Latin parcus, parricus, from Frankish *parrik (“enclosure, pen, fence”). Cognate with Dutch perk (“enclosure; flowerbed”), Old High German pfarrih, pferrih (“enclosure, pen”), Old English pearroc (“enclosure”) (whence modern English paddock), Old Norse parrak, parak (“enclosure, pen; distress, anxiety”), Icelandic parraka (“to keep pent in under restraint and coercion”). More at parrock, paddock.

### Pronunciation

* enPR: pärk, IPA: /pɑɹk/
** (General Australian, Boston, New Zealand) IPA: [pʰäːk]
** Audio (General Australian):(file)
** (New York City) IPA: [pʰɒək]
** (Philippines) IPA: [pɑɹk]
** (UK) IPA: [pʰɑːk]
** (US) IPA: [pʰɑɹk]
** (Ghana) IPA: /pɐk/
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)k

### Noun

park (plural parks)
* An area of land set aside for environment preservation or recreation.
** A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, such as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.
*** 17th century, Edmund Waller, At Penshurst
    While in the park I sing, the listening deer / Attend my passion, and forget to fear.
** A piece of ground in or near a city or town, enclosed and kept for ornament and recreation.
    Hyde Park in London; Central Park in New York
*** 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:If the afternoon was fine they strolled together in the park, very slowly, and with pauses to draw breath wherever the ground sloped upward. The slightest effort made the patient cough.
*** 1994, Robert Ferro, The Blue Star:I roamed the streets and parks, as far removed from the idea of art and pretense as I could take myself, discovering there the kind of truth I was supposed to be setting down on paper…
** An enclosed parcel of land stocked with animals for hunting, which one may have by prescription or royal grant.
* (US) A wide, flat-bottomed valley in a mountainous region.
** 1878, The San Francisco Western Lancet. a Journal of Practical Medicine and Surgery, volume 7, number 3:The mountain region thus limited consists of extensive and often level-floored valleys, sometimes many miles broad, and elevated 4,000 to 5,000 feet above the sea, called "parks" in local topography, which are interposed between innumerable rocky mountain ridges ....
** 1895, Whitman Cross, Richard Alexander Fullerton Penrose, Geology and Mining Industries of the Cripple Creek District, Colorado‎, page 54:High Park is a depression of 10 or 12 square miles in extent […] at a general elevation of 7,500 feet. Its smooth floor is partly due to volcanic tuff of the western volcanic area, but chielfly to a find lake-bed deposit of yellowish sandstone....
** 1897, The Colliery Engineer‎, volume 17, page 207:The so-called park is a very broad, open valley,between the Sangre de Cristo range on the east, and the volcanic San Juan and Conejos ranges on the west
** 1911, Edward W. Harnden, “A Western Mountaineering Summer”, in Appalachia, volume XII, number 3:...the ridges flatten and, higher up, before reaching the upper snow-fields of the mountain, broaden out into high plateaus, the beautiful so-called parks or meadows.
** 1975, Frits Van der Leeden, Lawrence A. Cerrillo, David William Miller, Ground-water pollution problems in the Northwestern United States‎:Several structural basins, so-called "parks" within the crystalline rocks, are underlain by alluvial and terrace deposits, and in some cases, by Tertiary sediments.
* An area used for specific purposes.
** An open space occupied by or reserved for vehicles, matériel or stores.
    a wagon park; an artillery park
** A partially enclosed basin in which oysters are grown.
** An area zoned for a particular (industrial or commercial) purpose.
    business park; industrial park; science park
*** 2013 June 21, Chico Harlan, “Japan pockets the subsidy …”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 30:Across Japan, technology companies and private investors are racing to install devices that until recently they had little interest in: solar panels. Massive solar parks are popping up as part of a rapid build-up that one developer likened to an "explosion."
** An area on which a sporting match is played; (soccer) a pitch.
*** 2010 December 28, Owen Phillips, “Sunderland 0-2 Blackpool”, in BBC:But because of their dominance in the middle of the park and the sheer volume of chances, Sunderland boss Steve Bruce must have been staggered and sickened in equal measure when the visitors took the lead five minutes after the break.
* (UK) An inventory of matériel.
    A country's tank park or artillery park.
* (Australia, New Zealand, colloquial) A space in which to leave a car; a parking space.
** 2003, “Johnny”, "Melbourne Blackout", in Sleazegrinder (editor), Gigs from Hell: True Stories from Rock and Roll′s Frontline, page 174,
    We got to the 9th Ward and as luck would have it I found a park for my bro′s car right out the front.
** 2010, Sandy Curtis, Dangerous Deception, Australia: Clan Destine Press, unnumbered page:Once they′d entered the floors of parking spaces, James found a park relatively easily, but Mark had difficulty, and only a swift sprint allowed him to catch up as James walked through the throngs of people in the casino with the determination of a man who didn′t want to be delayed.
** 2011, Antonia Magee, The Property Diaries: A Story of Buying a House, Finding a Man and Making a Home … All on a Single Income!, John Wiley & Sons Australia, unnumbered page,
    We finally found a park and walked a few blocks to the building.

#### Synonyms

* (a piece of ground in or near a city): courtyard, garden, plaza

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “a piece of ground in or near a city”): building, skyscraper, street

#### Derived terms
##### Nouns

* aerial park
* aeropark
* agropark
* airpark
* amusement park
* antipark
* auto park
* ball park
* ballpark
* ball-park
* ball-park estimate
* ball park estimate
* ball-park estimation
* ball park estimation
* ball park figure
* biopark
* boat park
* Brunswick Park
* business park
* caravan park
* car park
* country park
* cyberpark
* dispark
* distribution park
* dog park
* drift park
* empark
* energy park
* English landscape park
* fun park
* game park
* geopark
* hit it out of the park
* hit one out of the ball park
* hit out of the park
* holiday park
* impark
* industrial park
* inside-the-park homer
* involuntary park
* knock it out of the park
* knock one out of the ball park
* knock one out of the park
* knock the ball out of the park
* linear park
* memorial park
* micropark
* midpark
* minipark
* mobile home park
* national park
* needle park
* nonpark
* paper park
* parallel park
* parkade
* park connector
* parker
* parkette
* parkful
* park-goer
* parkgoer
* parkgoing
* parkie
* parkish
* parkitecture
* park-keeper
* parkkeeper
* parkland
* parkleaves
* parkless
* parklet
* park light
* parklike
* parkly
* parkomane
* parkomania
* parkrunner
* parkside
* parkward
* parkwards
* parkway
* parkwide
* parky
* pickle park
* playpark
* play park
* pocket park
* provincial park
* retail park
* riverpark
* safari park
* science park
* skatepark
* skate park
* snow park
* splash park
* state park
* stroll in the park
* tank park
* technopark
* terrain park
* theme park
* trailer park
* trailer park trash
* trolley park
* walk in the park
* water park
* wildlife park
* wind park
* zoological park
* zoopark

##### Proper nouns

* Asbury Park
* Aughton Park
* Avon Park
* Bowes Park
* Brighton Park
* Brooklyn Park
* Brookmans Park
* Brunswick Park
* Bush Hill Park
* Canons Park
* Carpenders Park
* Central Park
* Codnor Park
* Coley Park
* Conisbrough Parks
* Corman Park
* Cottenham Park
* Douglas Park
* Doxford Park
* East Glacier Park
* Eden Park
* Elm Park
* Eltham Park
* Emerson Park
* Finsbury Park
* Foley Park
* Forbes Park
* Gidea Park
* Grace Park East
* Grace Park West
* Grange Park
* Green Park
* Grove Park
* Hampden Park
* Hanover Park
* Haverah Park
* Heaton Park
* Highams Park
* Highland Park
* High Park
* Holland Park
* Honor Oak Park
* Humboldt Park
* Hyde Park
* Kempton Park
* King's Park
* Kingston Park
* Kiveton Park
* Land Park
* Lincoln Park
* Manor Park
* Merton Park
* Mesilla Park
* Meyrick Park
* Moor Park
* Moresby Parks
* Mosspark
* Motspur Park
* National Park
* Newbury Park
* Ninian Park
* Noel Park
* Northumberland Park
* Northwick Park
* Oakleigh Park
* Oak Park
* Oatlands Park
* Oldfield Park
* Orland Park
* Park Area
* Park Avenue
* Park Bridge
* Park County
* Park End, Parkend
* Park Hall
* Park Hill
* Park Lane
* Park Rapids
* Park Ridge
* Park Royal
* Park Slope
* Park Street
* Philips Park
* Pinellas Park
* Preston Park
* Queen's Park
* Raynes Park
* Regent's Park
* Richings Park
* Saughall and Shotwick Park
* Sefton Park
* Selly Park
* Sheffield Park
* Shotwick Park
* South Park
* St Anne's Park
* Sundridge Park
* Sunset Park
* Thorpe Park
* Trafford Park
* Tranmere Park
* Tufnell Park
* Tyndall's Park
* Upton Park
* Victoria Park
* Wembley Park
* West Bayan Park
* Westwood Park
* Winter Park
* Witton Park
* Woodside Park
* Worcester Park

#### Descendants

* → Dhivehi: ޕާކު (pāku)
* → Georgian: პარკი (ṗarḳi)
* → Irish: páirc
* → Japanese: パーク (pāku)
* → Scottish Gaelic: pàirc
* → Welsh: parc

#### Translations
### Verb

park (third-person singular simple present parks, present participle parking, simple past and past participle parked)
* (transitive) To bring (something such as a vehicle) to a halt or store in a specified place.
    Antonym: unpark
    You can park the car in front of the house.
    I parked the drive heads of my hard disk before travelling with my laptop.
* (transitive, informal, figurative) To defer (a matter) until a later date.
    Let's park that until next week's meeting.
** 2023 October 27, “Fantastic Beasts: JK Rowling franchise has been ‘parked’, director says”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:The Harry Potter spin-off prequel series Fantastic Beasts has been “parked” by Warner Bros, according to its director David Yates.
* (transitive) To bring together in a park, or compact body.
    to park artillery, wagons, automobiles, etc.
* (transitive) To enclose in a park, or as in a park.
** 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):O, negligent and heedless discipline! How are we park'd and bounded in a pale, A little herd of England's timorous deer, Mazed with a yelping kennel of French curs!
* (transitive, baseball) To hit a home run; to hit the ball out of the park.
    He really parked that one.
* (intransitive, slang, US) To engage in romantic or sexual activities inside a nonmoving vehicle that was driven to a suitable spot for that purpose.
    They stopped at a romantic overlook, shut off the engine, and parked.
** 1956, Grace Metalious, Peyton Place, page 199:"What did you do after that?" he asked. - "Went parking over at Silver Lake," replied Betty without hesitation. "Why?" - "I just wondered. Have fun?" "As a matter of fact, I did. Marty's a swell dancer." "That's not what I meant." "What did you mean?" - "I mean after. Parking." - "Yes I did […] "
** 1968, “People vs. Hawkins”, in Records & Briefs New York State Appellate Division, page 861:A. Well, I had heard that it was used for parking place, but I never went parking there. Q. Excuse me? A. I had heard that it had been used for a parking place, but I had never gone parking there. Q. When you say “Parking place,” what do you mean? A. With a guy and a girl.
** 1996, Joseph Tropiano, Stanley Tucci, Big Night: A Novel with Recipes, page 37:The Phyllis and me go "parking." This is a very American thing to me, this "parking,” but Phyllis says that this is what couples in this country do when they are dating. We can't go to her house because her parents are there which is okay with me. / We are parking on a quiet street and we get in the backseat of my car. We begin to kiss and I start to feel her body.
** 2001, Tamyra Horst, Ratty Bathrobes, Cranky Kids, and Other Romantic Moments, page 47:Tim and I never went parking when we were dating, but now that we've been married, it's been a fun date once in a while. (OK, we never actually leave the driveway, but the car was still parked.)
** 2001, James Patterson, Violets Are Blue:They were parking out near the hills. It's a popular spot for submarine races. They went for a little moonlit stroll. I'm sure they had nightmares after what they saw. Mary Alice was hanging from a tree by her bare feet. Naked.
** 2008, Tim McLoughlin, Thomas Adcock, Brooklyn Noir 3: Nothing But the Truth:They had gone to see the Robert De Niro/Liza Minnelli flick, New York, New York, before driving back to Bensonhurst and parking on a quiet street. As they kissed, Berkowitz opened fire
* (transitive, informal, sometimes reflexive) To sit, recline, or put, especially in a manner suggesting an intent to remain for some time.
    He came in and parked himself in our living room.
    Park your bags in the hall.
** 1930, Sax Rohmer, The Day the World Ended, published 1969, page vii. 59:"Entertain M. Paul while I go and get my shoes. I parked 'em under a rosebush."
* (transitive, finance) To invest money temporarily in an investment instrument considered to relatively free of risk, especially while awaiting other opportunities.
    We decided to park our money in a safe, stable, low-yield bond fund until market conditions improve.
* (Internet) To register a domain name, but make no use of it (See domain parking)
* (transitive, oyster culture) To enclose in a park, or partially enclosed basin.
* (intransitive, dated) To promenade or drive in a park.
* (intransitive, dated, of horses) To display style or gait on a park drive.

#### Derived terms

* double-park
* mispark
* overpark
* parkability
* parkable
* park and bark
* park and ride, park-and-ride
* park a tiger
* park in
* park that thought
* park the beef bus in tuna town
* park the bus
* park up
* repark
* self-parking

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### References

* “Park” in James F. Dunnigan and Albert Nofi (1992), Dirty Little Secrets: Military Information You're Not Supposed to Know, Harper, →ISBN, p 28.
* Park in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
* “park v.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

### Anagrams

* KPRA, Karp, Prak

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch park, from Middle Dutch parc, from Old Dutch *parruk, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz (“enclosure, fence”).

### Noun

park (plural parke, diminutive parkie)
* park

## Albanian
### Noun

park m
* park

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “park”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “park”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎

## Breton
### Noun

park ?
* field

## Cypriot Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic بَرْق (barq).

### Noun

park m
* lightning

### References

* Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 156

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpark]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

park m inan (relational adjective parkový)
* park

#### Related terms

* parček
* parčík
* parkoviště
* parkovat
* zaparkovat

### Further reading

* “park”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “park”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “park”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology

From French parc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paːrk/, [pʰɑːɡ̊]

### Noun

park c (singular definite parken, plural indefinite parker)
* park

#### Inflection
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch parc, from Old Dutch *parruk, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz (“enclosure, fence”). Doublet of perk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɑrk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: park
* Rhymes: -ɑrk
* Homophone: Park

### Noun

park n (plural parken, diminutive parkje n)
* park
    We hebben een picknick in het park.We are having a picnic in the park.
    Het park was vol met mensen genietend van de zon.The park was filled with people enjoying the sun.
    Kinderen speelden in het park.Children were playing in the park.

#### Derived terms

* attractiepark
* dierenpark
* kasteelpark
* lunapark
* nationaal park
* natuurpark
* parkeend
* parkopzichter
* parkwachter
* pretpark
* safaripark
* stadspark
* themapark
* vogelpark
* volkspark
* wagenpark
* wandelpark

#### Related terms

* perk

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: park
* → German: Park (partially)
** → Lower Sorbian: park
* → West Frisian: park

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑrk/, [ˈpɑrkˑ]

### Noun

park (genitive pargi, partitive parki)
* park

#### Derived terms

* lõbustuspark
* loomapark
* pargikontsert
* pargipink
* rahvuspark
* rannapark
* spordipark
* teemapark

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

park
* singular imperative of parken
* (colloquial) first-person singular present of parken

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɒrk]
* Rhymes: -ɒrk

### Noun

park (plural parkok)
* park

#### Derived terms

* nemzeti park

### See also

* parkol

### Further reading

* park in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Park, from Old French parc (“livestock pen”), from Medieval Latin parcus, parricus, from Frankish *parric (“enclosure, pen”), from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz (“enclosure, fence”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /park/

### Noun

park m inan
* park (piece of ground, in or near a city or town, enclosed and kept for ornament and recreation)

#### Derived terms

* parkowy

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* parc, parck, perke, paric

### Etymology

Borrowed from Old French parc, from Medieval Latin parricus (“enclosure”).

### Noun

park (plural parks)
* enclosure

#### Descendants

* English: park
* Yola: park

#### References

* “park, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin parricus, via French parc.

### Noun

park m (definite singular parken, indefinite plural parker, definite plural parkene)
* a park (preserved green open space, usually open to the public)

#### Derived terms

* fornøyelsespark
* handelspark
* nasjonalpark
* temapark
* vognpark

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin parricus, via French parc.

### Noun

park m (definite singular parken, indefinite plural parkar, definite plural parkane)
* a park (as above)

#### Derived terms

* fornøyelsespark
* handelspark
* nasjonalpark
* temapark
* vognpark

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpark/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ark
* Syllabification: park

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin parcus.

#### Noun

park m inan (related adjective parkowy)
* park (ground for recreation in a city or town)

##### Related terms

* akwapark
* aquapark

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “deverbal from parkać?”)

#### Noun

park m inan
* (obsolete) scent released by goats, deer, or hares during breeding periods
* (biology, obsolete) breeding period of goats, deer, or hares

##### Declension
### Further reading

* park in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* park in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* park in PWN's encyclopedia

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pârk/

### Noun

pȁrk m (Cyrillic spelling па̏рк)
* park

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse parrak, from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /parːk/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

park c
* a park (similar senses to English)
    en park i stadena park in the city
    en promenad i parkena walk in the park [normally literally except as a jocular loan]
    en nationalparka national park
    en industriparkan industrial park
* (chiefly in compounds) a park (set, in the UK sense)
    maskinparkset of a machines (in a factory or the like), machine fleet, machine pool
    fordonsparkvehicle fleet

#### Derived terms

* belägringspark (“siege train”)
* djurpark (“zoo; wildlife park”)
* lekpark (“playground”)
* parkbänk (“park bench”)
* industripark (“industrial park”)
* maskinpark (“machine fleet”)
* nationalpark (“national park”)
* nöjespark (“amusement park”)
* solpark (“solar park, solar farm”)
* vindkraftspark (“wind farm”)

### References

* park in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* park in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* park in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* karp

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish پارق (park), from French parc, from Middle French parc, from Old French parc, from Medieval Latin parcus, parricus (“enclosure”), from Frankish *parrik (“enclosure, fenced-in area”), from Proto-Germanic *parrukaz (“fence”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɑɾk/

### Noun

park (definite accusative parkı, plural parklar)
* park

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
park
parklar
definite accusative
parkı
parkları
dative
parka
parklara
locative
parkta
parklarda
ablative
parktan
parklardan
genitive
parkın
parkların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
parkım
parklarım
2nd singular
parkın
parkların
3rd singular
parkı
parkları
1st plural
parkımız
parklarımız
2nd plural
parkınız
parklarınız
3rd plural
parkları
parkları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
parkımı
parklarımı
2nd singular
parkını
parklarını
3rd singular
parkını
parklarını
1st plural
parkımızı
parklarımızı
2nd plural
parkınızı
parklarınızı
3rd plural
parklarını
parklarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
parkıma
parklarıma
2nd singular
parkına
parklarına
3rd singular
parkına
parklarına
1st plural
parkımıza
parklarımıza
2nd plural
parkınıza
parklarınıza
3rd plural
parklarına
parklarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
parkımda
parklarımda
2nd singular
parkında
parklarında
3rd singular
parkında
parklarında
1st plural
parkımızda
parklarımızda
2nd plural
parkınızda
parklarınızda
3rd plural
parklarında
parklarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
parkımdan
parklarımdan
2nd singular
parkından
parklarından
3rd singular
parkından
parklarından
1st plural
parkımızdan
parklarımızdan
2nd plural
parkınızdan
parklarınızdan
3rd plural
parklarından
parklarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
parkımın
parklarımın
2nd singular
parkının
parklarının
3rd singular
parkının
parklarının
1st plural
parkımızın
parklarımızın
2nd plural
parkınızın
parklarınızın
3rd plural
parklarının
parklarının :

## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English park, from Old French parc, from Medieval Latin parricus (“enclosure”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /park/

### Noun

park
* inclosure
** 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:Tollis Park, or Tullies Park.A place in the parish of Kilmanan, Bargy.

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867