# para
## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pàra/па̀ра, from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

#### Pronunciation

* (UK) enPR: päʹrə, IPA: /ˈpɑːɹə/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) enPR: pärʹə, IPA: /ˈpɑːɹə/
* Rhymes: -ɑːɹə

#### Noun

para (plural paras)
* (historical) A former subunit of currency in several countries in the Ottoman/Turkish and Yugoslav regions.
** 1854, Bayard Taylor, A Journey to Central Africa; or, Life and Landscapes from Egypt...:She managed things with so much economy that she was enabled to save two paras every day, out of the piastre which he gave her.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

The second part of words such as primipara and multipara

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpæɹə/, /ˈpɑːɹə/

#### Noun

para (plural paras)
* (medicine) A woman who has given birth or brought pregnancies to viable gestational age a certain number of times, indicated by the number prepended to this word.

##### Related terms

* multipara
* nullipara
* primipara

##### See also

* gravida

### Etymology 3

Clippings.

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: păʹrə, IPA: /ˈpæɹə/
* Rhymes: -æɹə

#### Noun

para (plural paras)
* Clipping of paragraph.
* (military) Clipping of paratrooper.
** 2023 September 26, Dan Sabbagh, “Family of dead para launch legal challenge to Northern Ireland legacy legislation”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Family of dead para launch legal challenge to Northern Ireland legacy legislation [title]
* (US, education, informal) Clipping of paraprofessional educator.
* Clipping of paraplegic.
** 2010, Shelley Lynn Tremain, editor, Foucault and the Government of Disability:The problems that male paras encounter in relation to bladder management pale in significance when placed alongside the problems with bladder management that female paraplegics experience. For women paras, attempts are made to train the bladder to empty itself at regular intervals; however, accidents do happen.

### Etymology 4

Shortened from paralytic

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: păʹrə, IPA: /ˈpæɹə/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -æɹə

#### Adjective

para (comparative more para, superlative most para)
* (UK, Australia, slang) very drunk

##### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:drunk

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

para
* (New Zealand) Synonym of king fern (“the plant Ptisana salicina”)

### See also

* para grass
* para para
* para red

### Anagrams

* paar, Raap, ARPA, apar, ARAP, Rapa, AARP, Paar, APAR

## Albanian
### Etymology 1

Back formation from përpara, from Proto-Albanian *pər-parə-a, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥H-e/o-s (“before, in front”)

#### Preposition

para (+ ablative)
* before
    para afatitbefore the deadline
* ago
    para dy shekujshtwo centuries ago
* (physical position) in front of
    para një pasqyrein front of a mirror
* (presence) in front of, in the presence of
    para klasësin front of the class

##### Related terms

* përpara

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

#### Noun

para f (plural para, definite paraja, definite plural paratë)
* money

## 'Are'are
### Noun

para
* fishhook

### Verb

para
* be white

### References

* Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

## Asturian
### Verb

para
* third-person singular present indicative of parar
* second-person singular imperative of parar

## Bikol Central
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish parar (“to stop”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Interjection

pára (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)
* stop! (used as a command to stop a vehicle)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Preposition

pára (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)
* for
    Para sain ini?What's this for?

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾaʔ/ [ˈpa.ɾaʔ]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Preposition

parà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)
* because of
    Para kaiyan?Because of that?

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾaʔ/ [ˈpa.ɾaʔ]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Noun

parà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜍ)
* erasure

##### Derived terms

* magpara
* makapara
* mapara
* pamara
* paraon

## Catalan
### Verb

para
* inflection of parar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾ̪ɐ]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Etymology 1

From Spanish parar (“to stop”).

#### Verb

para (Badlit spelling ᜉᜇ)
* to flag down; to signal to, especially to stop a passing vehicle etc.
* to signal a driver to stop in order for one to alight a vehicle

### Etymology 2

From Spanish para (“for”). Displaced alang in most contexts.

#### Preposition

para (Badlit spelling ᜉᜇ)
* for
    Synonym: (formal) alang

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Persian پاره (pâre).

### Noun

para
* cash, money

#### Synonyms

* aqça

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English para (paratrooper).

#### Noun

para f or m (plural para's)
* para (paratrooper)

##### Synonyms

* paratroeper
* paracommando

### Etymology 2

Clipping of paranoïde

#### Adjective

para (comparative paraer, superlative para'st)
* (informal) Synonym of paranoïde

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From paro (“pair”) +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpara]
* Rhymes: -ara
* Hyphenation: par‧a

### Adjective

para (accusative singular paran, plural paraj, accusative plural parajn)
* even (not odd)
* paired

## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably borrowed from North Germanic, from the same origin as Swedish bära (“to carry, bear”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝rɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Noun

para
* (witchcraft) A being created to bring milk or butter to its creator.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of para (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
parani
parani
accusative
nom.
parani
parani
gen.
parani
genitive
parani
parojeni paraini $^{rare}$
partitive
paraani
parojani
inessive
parassani
paroissani
elative
parastani
paroistani
illative
paraani
paroihini
adessive
parallani
paroillani
ablative
paraltani
paroiltani
allative
paralleni
paroilleni
essive
paranani
paroinani
translative
parakseni
paroikseni
abessive
parattani
paroittani
instructive
comitative
—paroineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
parasi
parasi
accusative
nom.
parasi
parasi
gen.
parasi
genitive
parasi
parojesi paraisi $^{rare}$
partitive
paraasi
parojasi
inessive
parassasi
paroissasi
elative
parastasi
paroistasi
illative
paraasi
paroihisi
adessive
parallasi
paroillasi
ablative
paraltasi
paroiltasi
allative
parallesi
paroillesi
essive
paranasi
paroinasi
translative
paraksesi
paroiksesi
abessive
parattasi
paroittasi
instructive
comitative
—paroinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paramme
paramme
accusative
nom.
paramme
paramme
gen.
paramme
genitive
paramme
parojemme paraimme $^{rare}$
partitive
paraamme
parojamme
inessive
parassamme
paroissamme
elative
parastamme
paroistamme
illative
paraamme
paroihimme
adessive
parallamme
paroillamme
ablative
paraltamme
paroiltamme
allative
parallemme
paroillemme
essive
paranamme
paroinamme
translative
paraksemme
paroiksemme
abessive
parattamme
paroittamme
instructive
comitative
—paroinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paranne
paranne
accusative
nom.
paranne
paranne
gen.
paranne
genitive
paranne
parojenne parainne $^{rare}$
partitive
paraanne
parojanne
inessive
parassanne
paroissanne
elative
parastanne
paroistanne
illative
paraanne
paroihinne
adessive
parallanne
paroillanne
ablative
paraltanne
paroiltanne
allative
parallenne
paroillenne
essive
parananne
paroinanne
translative
paraksenne
paroiksenne
abessive
parattanne
paroittanne
instructive
comitative
—paroinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paransa
paransa
accusative
nom.
paransa
paransa
gen.
paransa
genitive
paransa
parojensa parainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
paraansa
parojaan parojansa
inessive
parassaan parassansa
paroissaan paroissansa
elative
parastaan parastansa
paroistaan paroistansa
illative
paraansa
paroihinsa
adessive
parallaan parallansa
paroillaan paroillansa
ablative
paraltaan paraltansa
paroiltaan paroiltansa
allative
paralleen parallensa
paroilleen paroillensa
essive
paranaan paranansa
paroinaan paroinansa
translative
parakseen paraksensa
paroikseen paroiksensa
abessive
parattaan parattansa
paroittaan paroittansa
instructive
comitative
—paroineen paroinensa :

#### Derived terms

* paranvoi

### Further reading

* “para”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* arpa, rapa

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

para
* third-person singular past historic of parer

### Noun

para m or f (plural paras)
* paratrooper

### References

* “para”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* râpa

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese pera, para, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

#### Alternative forms

* pra

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɐɾɐ], [pɾɐ]
* Rhymes: -aɾɐ, -aɾa
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Preposition

para
* for (directed at, intended to belong to)
* for (to obtain)
* to, toward (indicating destination)
* for (by the standards of)
* (after a form of estar) about to

##### Usage notes

In spoken language this preposition frequently contracts with the next word, especially with articles and pronouns, but today these contraction are not usually represented in the written language.

##### Derived terms

* pró

### Etymology 2

Deverbal from parar (“to prepare”). Cognate with Portuguese apara.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpaɾɐ]

#### Noun

para f (plural paras)
* peeling (of a fruit, vegetable, cheese)
    Synonyms: carapa, carapela, casca, monda, paraza, pela, peladura, peleca, plana, tona
* shaving, woodshaving
    Synonyms: labra, lasca

##### Related terms

* parar
* reparar

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

para
* inflection of parar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
* (reintegrationist norm) inflection of parir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “para”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “para”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “para”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “para”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “para”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Gamo
### Noun

para
* horse

### References

* Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

## Guaraní
### Etymology

Cognate with Old Tupi pará.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paˈɾa]
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Noun

para
* sea

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɒrɒ]
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra
* Rhymes: -rɒ

### Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

#### Noun

para (usually uncountable, plural parák)
* suber, cork

##### Derived terms

* parás
* parafa
* paratölgy

### Etymology 2

Perhaps from paranoia.

#### Noun

para
* (slang) fear
    Synonyms: félelem, rettegés

##### Derived terms

* parázik

#### Adjective

para (comparative parább, superlative legparább)
* (slang) scary, spooky, sinister, dark
    Synonyms: félelmetes, rémisztő, ijesztő, baljós

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

From paraméter.

#### Noun

para
* (slang) (physical) parameter (height, weight, and age, often asked at the beginning of online dating)
    Synonym: paraméter
    Mik a paráid? ― What are your parameters?

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (para, “money”), from Persian پاره (pâre, “piece”).

#### Noun

para (plural parák)
* para (a subunit of Ottoman currency)

##### Derived terms

* parányi

### Further reading

* parafa and paratölgy in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Ido
### Adjective

para
* (mathematics) even

#### Antonyms

* nepara

## Ilocano
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

#### Preposition

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)
* for; on behalf of

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“stop”) (second person singular imperative), from parar (“stop”).

#### Interjection

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)
* Said by any jeepney passenger to call onto the driver to halt the vehicle, with the intention of dismounting.

##### Derived terms

* agpara
* ipara

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

para (Kur-itan spelling ᜉᜎ)
* sprouting coconut

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paRa (collective particle). Compare Acehnese para (“horde, troop”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/

### Particle

para
* definitive particle used to denote that the word preceded is plural
    para siswa ― students

#### Usage notes

* This particle is only used in human nouns. Plural forms of other nouns are formed by reduplication.

### See also

* itu

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Akin to Finnish para and Karelian para.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈpɑrɑ/, [ˈpɑrɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Noun

para
* (folklore) troll cat (being designed to bring milk to its creator)

#### Declension
### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 383

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* Rhymes: -ara
* Hyphenation: pà‧ra

### Etymology 1

From Pará, Brazil, where it is produced.

#### Noun

para f (plural pare)
* crepe rubber
* crepe (for shoes)

### Etymology 2

Clipping.

#### Noun

para f (uncountable)
* (slang) paranoia

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para
* inflection of parare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* apar, apra, arpa, rapa

## Javanese
### Article

para
* marker of group or collectivity

## Kabuverdianu
### Etymology

From Portuguese parar.

### Verb

para
* to stop

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pàra. By surface analysis, deverbal from parzëc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: pa‧ra

### Noun

para f
* steam (vapor formed when water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase)
    Synonym: ropa

### Further reading

* Sychta, Bernard (1970) “para”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 4 (P – Ř), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 27
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “para woda”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “para”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Ladino
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Spain):(file)

### Etymology 1

From earlier pora (a combination of por and a, or from Latin prō ad) via assimilation, influenced by the archaic preposition par.

#### Preposition

para (Hebrew spelling פארה)
* for; to (expressing a recipient)
    Hanuka linda sta aki; ocho kandelas para mi.Beautiful Hanukkah is here, so eight candles for me.
* to; in order to; so; for (expressing the intended purpose of an action)
** (Can we date this quote?), Ladino 21‎:Para arebivir el Ladino en el siekolo 21 es menester profitar de lo dijital para dokumentar i ambezar esta lingua en perikolo de ekstinsyon.In order to revive Ladino in the twenty first century it is necessary to take advantage of digital technology to document and learn this endangered language.
* toward; moving in the direction of

##### Alternative forms

* pora

##### See also

* por

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para (Hebrew spelling פארה)
* third-person singular present indicative of parar
* second-person singular imperative of parar

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para (Hebrew spelling פארה)
* first-person singular present subjunctive of parir
* third-person singular present subjunctive of parir

#### References

* ↑ “para”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.

## Latin
### Verb

parā
* second-person singular present active imperative of parō

### References

* "para", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* "para", in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

## Lutuv
### Pronunciation

IPA: [pə̀rə̀ə̀]

### Verb

para
* to break (as in a computer)

### References

* Kelly Harper Berkson, Amanda Bohnert, Sui Hnem Par (2022) “Consonant Sounds in Hnaring Lutuv”, in Indiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎, volume 3, number 1

## Lithuanian
### Noun

para f
* 24 hours (day)
    Aš manau kad užtruks apie vieną parą.I think it will take about 24 hours.

### See also

* diena (daytime, a day)

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /para/
** (Johor-Riau) IPA: [parə]
* Rhymes: -a

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paRa (collective particle). Compare Acehnese para (“horde, troop”).

#### Prefix

para (Jawi spelling ڤارا)
* definitive prefix used to denote that the word preceded is plural
    para murid ― students

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: para

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Austronesian *paRa (“storage shelf; attic, loft”). Compare Tagalog pága (“storage loft made of bamboo attached to ceiling”).

#### Noun

para (Jawi spelling ڤارا, plural para-para, informal 1st possessive paraku, 2nd possessive paramu, 3rd possessive paranya)
* shelf
    Synonym: rak
    para buku ― bookshelf
* rubber (of the material)
    Synonyms: getah, karet
    nilai para ― value of rubber

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: para

### Further reading

* “para” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*paRa₂”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*paRa₁”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* parene

### Noun

para n pl
* definite plural of par

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

para n pl
* definite plural of par

## Old Polish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pàra. By surface analysis, deverbal from parzyć. First attested in 1420.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /para/
* IPA: (15th CE) /para/

#### Noun

para f
* steam
** 1451-1455, Legenda o świętym Aleksym‎, line 215:Kogokole para szaleczala oth thego szwyathego czala, ktoryle chorobą myal, nathemyescz szdrow ostal[Kogokole para zaleciała ot tego świętego ciała, ktoryle chorobę miał, natemieśc[ie] zdrow ostał]
* (attested in Greater Poland) breath
** 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXIII, page 270:Faucibus, gl. ore, exuberat, gl. exit, grauis anhelitus dvch, para[Faucibus, gl. ore, exuberat, gl. exit, grauis anhelitus duch, para]
** c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 129r:Spiraculum id est anhelitus vel foramen per quod spiratur proprie der atem. Spiramen idem pąrą vel dech[Spiraculum id est anhelitus vel foramen per quod spiratur proprie der atem. Spiramen idem para vel dech]

##### Derived terms

* parny

##### Related terms

* parzydło

##### Descendants

* Polish: para (“steam”)
* Silesian: para (“steam”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle High German pâr. First attested in 1447.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /paːra/
* IPA: (15th CE) /pɒra/

#### Noun

para f
* pair (two of the same or similar things)
** 1912-1930 [1447], Monumenta Iuris cura praepositorum Chartophylacio Maximo Varsoviensi, volume III, page 156:Ego Petrus obligo me sibi (sc. Andree) solucionem facere..., videlicet vnum tharling pannorum coltryskych, in quo fieri debent XL-ta media stamina et quodlibet paria uel stamen integrum debet percipere a me per XII florenos Vngaricales vlg. par *puolstuczkow... Ego Petrus... promitto... Andree... secundum tharling staminorum vlg. *puolstuczkow coltryskych dare... sine omni dilatione..., videlicet quod par *puolstuczkuow per XII florenos Vngaricales[Ego Petrus obligo me sibi (sc. Andree) solucionem facere..., videlicet vnum tarlink pannorum koltryskich, in quo fieri debent XL-ta media stamina et quodlibet paria uel stamen integrum debet percipere a me per XII florenos Vngaricales vlg. par połusztuczkow... Ego Petrus... promitto... Andree... secundum tarlink staminorum vlg. połusztuczkow koltryskich dare... sine omni dilatione..., videlicet quod par połusztuczk[u]ow per XII florenos Vngaricales]

##### Descendants

* Polish: para (“pair”)
** → Kashubian: pôra
* Silesian: pŏra (“pair”)

### References

* Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “para I-II”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* Mańczak, Witold (2017) “para I-II”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “para 1-2”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “para”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
* Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “para”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀧𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* पर (Devanagari script)
* পর (Bengali script)
* පර (Sinhalese script)
* ပရ (Burmese script)
* ปร or ปะระ (Thai script)
* ᨷᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ປຣ or ປະຣະ (Lao script)
* បរ (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit पर (para), from Proto-Indo-European *per-.

### Adjective

para
* other, another
* alien
* outsider
* further (on)
** c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎ (overall work in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.
** c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎ (overall work in Pali), page 291; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:वचवसवहादीनं उकारो वस्स ये ॥६॥ वच, वस, वह इच्चेवमादीनं धातूनं वकारस्स उकारो होति य पच्चये परे । उच्चते, वुच्चति; वुस्सति; वुय्हति ॥6. Vacavasavahādīnaṃ ukāro vassa ye Vaca, vasa, vaha iccevamādīnaṃ dhātūnaṃ vakārassa ukāro hoti ya paccaye pare.Uccate, vuccate; vussati; vuyhati.Vac, vas, vah etc. which have 'u' for 'va' Roots vac, vas, vah and so on etc. have 'u' from 'va' next to the ending 'ya'. Exx: uccate, vuccate; vussati; vuyhati.

#### Derived terms

* pāra

### References

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “para”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Papiamentu
### Etymology 1

From Spanish pájaro and Portuguese pássaro and Kabuverdianu pasaru.

#### Noun

para
* bird

### Etymology 2

From Portuguese parar and Spanish parar and Kabuverdianu para.

#### Verb

para
* to stop
* to stand

## Polish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish para (“steam”). By surface analysis, deverbal from parzyć.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: pa‧ra
* Homophones: Para, para-

#### Noun

para f (related adjective parowy)
* (uncountable) steam (vapor formed when water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase)
* (uncountable, colloquial) steam (internal energy for progress or motive power)
* (uncountable) breath
    Synonyms: dech, tchnienie

##### Derived terms

* ani pary z gęby
* całą parą
* pełną parą
* pod parą
* para w gwizdek
* cała para poszła w gwizdek pf, cała para idzie w gwizdek impf
* nie puścić pary z ust pf, nie puszczać pary z ust impf
* pójść w parze pf, iść w parze impf
* puścić parę w gwizdek pf, puszczać parę w gwizdek impf

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Polish para (“pair”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈpɒ.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: pa‧ra
* Homophones: Para, para-

#### Noun

para f
* (countable) pair (two similar or identical things taken together)
* (countable) pair (two symmetrical organs or limbs)
* (countable) pair (object made of two things, such as scissors or pants)
* (countable) pair (two people, animals, or groups in the same place at the same time)
* (countable) pair, couple (two people in a relationship or partnership)

##### Derived terms

* parę
* inna para kaloszy
* młoda para
* nieszczęścia chodzą parami

##### Descendants

* → Kashubian: pôra

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para
* third-person singular present of parać

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), para is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 43 times in scientific texts, 13 times in news, 4 times in essays, 16 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 87 times, making it the 733rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “para”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 356

### Further reading

* para in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* para in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “1. para”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “2. para”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Paweł Kupiszewski (08.04.2014) “PARA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Paweł Kupiszewski (08.04.2014) “PARA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “para”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “para”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “para”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 50

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From earlier pera, from Old Galician-Portuguese pera, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

#### Alternative forms

* pra, pa (syncopated)
* p/ (abbreviation)

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pa.ɾɐ/, (with syncope) /pɾa/, /pa/, /pɾɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /pa.ɾɐ/, (with syncope) /pɾa/, /pa/, /pɾɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pa.ɾa/, (with syncope) /pɾa/, /pa/, /pɾɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɐ.ɾɐ/, (with syncope) /pɾɐ/, /pɐ/
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Preposition

para
* for (directed at, intended to belong to or to be appropriate for)
    Ração para gatos.Food for cats.
    O que é bom para gripe?What is good for the flu?
** 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 186:Tenho um recado para você.I have a message for you.
* indicates application of an adjective; to
** 2001, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 514:E quantos serão bastante tolos para ficar longe de mim?And how many will be foolish enough to stay away from me?
* to; so; in order to (indicates purpose)
    Comprei um baixo para tocar numa banda.I bought a bass to play in a band.
* towards; to; in the direction of (indicates destination)
    Synonyms: a, até
    Vamos para a minha casa.Let’s go to my house.
** 2003, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 656:Ele podia ouvi-la se deslocando para a direita, para obter uma visão desimpedida dele.He could hear her moving herself to the right, to obtain an unobstructed view of him.
* introduces the location, direction or context that applies to a verb
    Essa janela abre para um longo vale.That window opens into a long valley.
* to (to the value of)
    A cor da banana mudou de amarelo para preto.The colour of the banana changed from yellow to black.
    O valor da minha casa baixou para menos do que o que eu paguei.The value of my house has fallen to less than what I paid.
* in the opinion of; to (someone)
    Para mim, este livro é um dos melhores da história.To me, this book is one of the best ones of all time.
* (with an infinitive) about to; soon to be (indicates that something will happen soon)
    Synonyms: prestes a, por
    Fiquem quietos que o filme está para começar.Be quiet, you guys, the movie is about to begin.

##### Usage notes

* Some senses of para, such as 'in order to', introduce a subordinate clause. When this clause begins with a personal pronoun, some Brazilian speakers use a prepositional pronoun instead of a nominative one:
       Comprei um bolo para mim comer.I bought a cake for me to eat.
    Instead of the standard:
       Comprei um bolo para eu comer.Literally, “I-bought a cake for I to-eat.”
    Such usage is strongly proscribed, since eu (“I”) is used as the subject of sentences (it performs the action), and mim (“me”, prepositional), as the object of prepositions.
* Para + definite article contractions are colloquial. Those without r are nonstandard:
** para + o → pro, po
** para + os → pros, pos
** para + a → pra, pa
** para + as → pras, pas
* Para + indefinite article contractions are also nonstandard, but are not as common:
** para + um → prum
** para + uns → pruns
** para + uma → pruma
** para + umas → prumas
* There are some para + personal pronoun contractions, which are also nonstandard and uncommon in writing:
** para + eu → preu
** para + você → procê
** para + ele → prele
** para + eles → preles
** para + ela → prela
** para + elas → prelas

##### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:para.

##### Derived terms

* estar para
* para com
* para já
* para que

##### Related terms

* pelo

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Alternative forms

* pára (pre-1990 spelling)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ɾɐ/
* Rhymes: -aɾɐ
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Verb

para
* inflection of parar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Quechua
### Noun

para
* rain

#### Derived terms

* para jark'ana

#### See also

* paray
* tamya

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

#### Noun

para f (plural parale)
* para
* money

##### Derived terms

* părăluță (“small coin”, diminutive)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French parer.

#### Verb

a para (third-person singular present parează, past participle parat) 1st conjugation
* to parry

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

para
* definite nominative/accusative singular of pară

## Sanaviron
### Noun

para
* water

### See also

* mampa

### References

* Julio Salinardi, Córdoba y Traslasierra: integración y disgregación (2006): Con respecto a la lengua sanavirona, hay algunas palabras cuyo significado es seguro, tales comon sacat (pueblo), charaba (cacique), para (agua) y mampa (acequia).
* Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 48

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *para, *parъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pâra/
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra
* Rhymes: -âra

#### Noun

pȁra f (Cyrillic spelling па̏ра)
* steam
* vapor
* fume

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pǎra/
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

#### Noun

pàra f (Cyrillic spelling па̀ра)
* para (Yugoslav currency)
* (colloquial) money, dough, moola (usually in plural)
** 2010 April 12, Dubioza kolektiv (lyrics and music), “Kokuz”‎:Nemam para daj posudi Il' mi žirant makar budi Steglo brate sa svih strana Trebam pomoć od jaranaI don't have moola, lend me some or be my guarantor It's tightening from all sides my bro I need help from my buddies.

##### Declension
## Silesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish para (“steam”). By surface analysis, deverbal from parzić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: pa‧ra

### Noun

para f
* steam (vapor formed when water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase)

#### Derived terms

* parny
* parować

#### Related terms

* parność
* parzynie
* parzōnka

### Further reading

* para in silling.org
* Bogdan Kallus (2020) “para”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “para”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 469

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpa.ɾa]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾa
* Syllabification: pa‧ra

### Etymology 1

From earlier pora (a combination of por and a, or from Latin prō ad) via assimilation, influenced by the archaic preposition par.

#### Preposition

para
* for, to (expressing a recipient)
    Synonyms: pa', (colloquial) pa
    La niña compró un regalo de navidad para su abuela.The girl bought a Christmas gift for her grandmother.
    Ahora me gustaría hacer un truco de magia para ustedes.I'd now like to perform a magic trick for you all.
* to, in order to, so, for (expressing the intended purpose of an action)
    Estudio cada noche sin descanso para conseguir un trabajo decente al fin de todo esto.I study every night tirelessly so that I get a decent job at the end of all this.
    Voy a salir temprano para evitar el tráfico.I am going to leave early to avoid traffic.
* by, due, due on, due by (expressing a deadline)
    Necesito tu decisión para fin de mes.I need your decision by the end of the month.
    Sus proyectos de grupo son para el viernes sin excepción.Your group projects are due on Friday without exception.
* for (expressing contrast from what is expected)
    Para un turista americano, él es en realidad bastante respetuoso.For an American tourist, he is actually pretty respectful.
* for, to, in one's opinion, as far as one is concerned (expressing an opinion, perception or perspective)
    Para mí, la música es lo único bueno sobre esa película.For me, the music was the only good thing about that film.
    Para mi hermano, su esposa tiene toda la razón.As far as my brother is concerned, his wife is totally in the right.
* for (expressing using one's efforts for a group or an authority figure such as a sports team or a company/boss)
    Mi sobrino juega para el equipo de los Patos Poderosos.My nephew plays for the Mighty Ducks' team.
    Trabajamos para la misma jefe aunque no al mismo tiempo.We worked for the same boss but not at the same time.
    Ella trabajó para Microsoft durante años, pero ahora trabaja para Apple.She worked for Microsoft for years, but now she works for Apple.
* come (used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs)
    Para septiembre, me estaré quedando atrás.Come September, I'll be getting left behind.

##### Derived terms

* como para
* estar para
* para abajo
* para arriba y para abajo
* para ayer
* para colmo
* para con
* para entonces
* para gustos colores
* para gustos hay colores
* para más datos
* para más inri
* para muestra un botón
* para qué
* para que
* para rato
* para siempre
* para su coleto
* para sus adentros
* tal para cual

##### Descendants

* → Hiligaynon: para
* → Tagalog: para

##### See also

* por

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para
* inflection of parar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

para
* inflection of parir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

#### Further reading

* “para”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From par +‎ -a.

#### Verb

para (present parar, preterite parade, supine parat, imperative para)
* to pair, match into pairs
* (transitive) to breed (two animals)
* (reflexive, of animals) to mate, breed

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Related terms

* parning

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Turkish para.

#### Noun

para c
* (slang) money

##### Derived terms

* paraknas

### References

* para in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* para in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* para in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Fula Ordboken

### Anagrams

* apar, rapa

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈpaɾa/ [ˈpaː.ɾɐ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾa
* Syllabification: pa‧ra

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish para (“for”).

#### Conjunction

para (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ)
* for; so; in order to
    Synonyms: upang, nang
    Para makapasok sa eskuwelahan, kailangan mo ng valid ID.In order to be able to go inside the school, you need a valid ID.

#### Preposition

para (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ)
* for
    Nagtatrabaho si Ate Virgie para sa kanyang pamilya.Virgie works for her family.

##### Derived terms

* para saan

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish para (“stop”) (second person singular imperative), from parar (“stop”).

#### Interjection

para (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ)
* Said by any jeepney passenger to call onto the driver to halt the vehicle, with the intention of dismounting.
    Synonyms: tigil, hinto

##### Usage notes

* The word is usually paired with ho or po for respect: para ho / para po.

##### Derived terms

* parahin
* pumara

##### Related terms

* antipara
* paragwas
* parakaida
* parakaidero
* parakaydista
* pararayos
* parasol

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pada (“same, equal, like”). Compare Ilocano pada, Malay pada, Makasar ᨄᨑ (para), Old Javanese paḍa. Also possibly borrowed from Spanish comparar.

#### Adjective

para (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇ)
* looking like; seem
    Synonym: mukha
    Para kang tanga...You look like an idiot...
    Parang may gusto ka sa akin.You seem to like me / have a crush on me.

##### Usage notes

* This word is now usually seen as parang, except when an enclitic is used which separates para and -ng, although this could be ignored also and have the enclitic after the word parang modifies.
    Parang... Parang aso siya.It looks like... It looks like a dog. (instead of Para siyang aso.)
* This word may appear as parang alone. For example, when agreeing with someone that it actually looks like a dog, you reply with parang “It seems so”, or parang nga “It actually looks like one”.
* This word used to be used like tulad or gaya, it used genitive case (ng, mo, etc.) instead of the linker -ng. Seen in the Lord's Prayer (Ama Namin), which is still preserved today. The Lord's Prayer spells ng as nang.
    Dito sa lupa, para nang sa langit.On earth as it is in heaven.

##### Derived terms

* himara
* ipara
* kapara
* magkapara
* magkaparahan
* magpara
* magparahan
* makipara
* pagparahin
* para-para
* parahan
* parahin
* parang
* pumara
* walang kapara

##### See also

* gaya
* tila
* tulad

### Anagrams

* arpa, arap

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish پاره (pare, para), from Persian پاره (pâre). Doublet of pare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɑˈɾɑ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra

### Noun

para (definite accusative parayı, plural paralar)
* money

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
para
paralar
definite accusative
parayı
paraları
dative
paraya
paralara
locative
parada
paralarda
ablative
paradan
paralardan
genitive
paranın
paraların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
param
paralarım
2nd singular
paran
paraların
3rd singular
parası
paraları
1st plural
paramız
paralarımız
2nd plural
paranız
paralarınız
3rd plural
paraları
paraları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
paramı
paralarımı
2nd singular
paranı
paralarını
3rd singular
parasını
paralarını
1st plural
paramızı
paralarımızı
2nd plural
paranızı
paralarınızı
3rd plural
paralarını
paralarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
parama
paralarıma
2nd singular
parana
paralarına
3rd singular
parasına
paralarına
1st plural
paramıza
paralarımıza
2nd plural
paranıza
paralarınıza
3rd plural
paralarına
paralarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
paramda
paralarımda
2nd singular
paranda
paralarında
3rd singular
parasında
paralarında
1st plural
paramızda
paralarımızda
2nd plural
paranızda
paralarınızda
3rd plural
paralarında
paralarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
paramdan
paralarımdan
2nd singular
parandan
paralarından
3rd singular
parasından
paralarından
1st plural
paramızdan
paralarımızdan
2nd plural
paranızdan
paralarınızdan
3rd plural
paralarından
paralarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
paramın
paralarımın
2nd singular
paranın
paralarının
3rd singular
parasının
paralarının
1st plural
paramızın
paralarımızın
2nd plural
paranızın
paralarınızın
3rd plural
paralarının
paralarının :

#### Derived terms

* (informal) beş para etmez (“twopenny-ha'penny, inconsequential, ineffective, contemptible”)
* (informal) beş parasız (“stone broke”)
* (informal) para babası (“rolling in money”)
* (idiomatic) para pul (“material wealth,fiat and representative money”)
* paralı
* parasız
* sahte para (“counterfeit money”)

#### Descendants

* → German: Para
* → Swedish: para

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈpara/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈpa(ː)ra/

### Verb

para (first-person singular present paraf)
* Alternative form of parhau (“to endure, to last”)

#### Conjugation

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

### Noun

para m (uncountable)
* continuance, perseverance, permanence

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “parhau”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies