# beir
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲɛɾʲ/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish beirid, from Old Irish beirid. Cognate with English bear, Latin ferō, Sanskrit भरति (bharati).

#### Verb

beir (present analytic beireann, future analytic béarfaidh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirthe) (ambitransitive)
* bear, give birth to (of persons, usually autonomously with do)
    Rug sí lao. ― She bore a calf.
    Rugadh iníon di. ― A daughter was born to her.
* lay (of birds)
* bear away, win
* bring, take
* proceed, advance

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | breith | breith | breith | breith | breith | breith | breith | breith |
| past participle | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe | beirthe |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | beirim | beireann tú; beirir$^†$ | beireann sé, sí | beirimid; beireann muid | beireann sibh | beireann siad; beirid$^†$ | a bheireann; a bheireas / a mbeireann*; a mbeireas* | beirtear |
| past | rug mé; rugas | rug tú; rugais | rug sé, sí | rugamar; rug muid | rug sibh; rugabhair | rug siad; rugadar | a rug / ar rug* | rugadh |
| past habitual | bheirinn / mbeirinn‡‡ | bheirteá / mbeirteá‡‡ | bheireadh sé, sí / mbeireadh sé, sí‡‡ | bheirimis; bheireadh muid / mbeirimis‡‡; mbeireadh muid‡‡ | bheireadh sibh / mbeireadh sibh‡‡ | bheiridís; bheireadh siad / mbeiridís‡‡; mbeireadh siad‡‡ | a bheireadh / a mbeireadh* | bheirtí / mbeirtí‡‡ |
| future | béarfaidh mé; béarfad | béarfaidh tú; béarfair$^†$ | béarfaidh sé, sí | béarfaimid; béarfaidh muid | béarfaidh sibh | béarfaidh siad; béarfaid$^†$ | a bhéarfaidh, a bhéarfas / a mbéarfaidh*, a mbéarfas* | béarfar |
| conditional | bhéarfainn / mbéarfainn‡‡ | bhéarfá / mbéarfá‡‡ | bhéarfadh sé, sí / mbéarfadh sé, sí‡‡ | bhéarfaimis; bhéarfadh muid / mbéarfaimis‡‡; mbéarfadh muid‡‡ | bhéarfadh sibh / mbéarfadh sibh‡‡ | bhéarfaidís; bhéarfadh siad / mbéarfaidís‡‡; mbéarfadh siad‡‡ | a bhéarfadh / a mbéarfadh* | bhéarfaí / mbéarfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go mbeire mé; go mbeiread$^†$ | go mbeire tú; go mbeirir$^†$ | go mbeire sé, sí | go mbeirimid; go mbeire muid | go mbeire sibh | go mbeire siad; go mbeirid$^†$ | — | go mbeirtear |
| past | dá mbeirinn | dá mbeirteá | dá mbeireadh sé, sí | dá mbeirimis; dá mbeireadh muid | dá mbeireadh sibh | dá mbeiridís; dá mbeireadh siad | — | dá mbeirtí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | beirim | beir | beireadh sé, sí | beirimis | beirigí; beiridh$^†$ | beiridís | — | beirtear |
*indirect relative † dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
In Munster, past indicative forms built on the form riug are encountered:
* riugas (1st person singular)
* riugais (2nd person singular)
* riug (analytic)
* riugamar (1st person plural)
* riugabhair (2nd person plural)
* riugadar (3rd person plural)

##### Derived terms

* beir ar (“catch; overtake”)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

beir
* (literary, Munster) second-person singular future of bí
    Beir ana-shásta ansin.You will be very happy there.

##### Usage notes

The modern standard form is the analytic construction beidh tú.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “beir”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲerʲ/

### Verb

beir
* second-person singular imperative of beirid

### Verb

·beir
* third-person singular present conjunct of beirid

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish beirid.

### Verb

beir (past rug, future beiridh, verbal noun breith, past participle beirte)
* to give birth to
* to carry, catch; catch up with; overtake; catch hold of [with air]

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Lewis dialect form

### References

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “beir”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## West Flemish
### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō.

#### Noun

beir m (plural beirn)
* bear (large predatory mammal of the family Ursidae)
* (figurative) person who is physically impressive and/or crude

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.

#### Noun

beir m (plural beirn)
* boar (male swine)