# blok
## Bahnar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blɔːk/

### Noun

blok
* mushroom

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

French bloc

### Noun

blok
* block

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
* “blok”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Block (“block”); other senses developed later.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈblok]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: blog

### Noun

blok m inan
* block
* notebook (a book in which notes or memoranda are written)
    Synonyms: zápisník, notes
* (computing) block
* (volleyball) block

#### Related terms

* bloček
* blokovat

### References

* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “blok”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

### Further reading

* “blok”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “blok”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “blok”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German block. Cognate with English block, German Block, Norwegian Bokmål blokk and Swedish block.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blɔk/, [b̥lʌɡ̊]

### Noun

blok c (singular definite blokken, plural indefinite blokke)
* block
* rock, boulder
* notepad
* bloc

#### Descendants

* → Greenlandic: blokki

### Further reading

* blok on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: blok
* Rhymes: -ɔk

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch blok, from Old Dutch *blok, from Proto-Germanic *blukką.

#### Noun

blok n (plural blokken, diminutive blokje n)
* a block (e.g. wood)
* a street block
* a political bloc

##### Derived terms

* afblokken
* blokgolf
* blokhuis
* blokhut
* blokuur
* hakblok
* houtblok
* huizenblok
* kladblok
* ontblokken
* startblok
* verblokken
* voor het blok zetten

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: blok
* Berbice Creole Dutch: bloko
* → Caribbean Javanese: blog
* → Indonesian: blok
* → Papiamentu: blòki, blokki (from the diminutive)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

blok
* inflection of blokken:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Iban
### Etymology

Borrowed from English block.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bluək/

### Noun

blok
* block

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch blok (“block”), from Middle Dutch blok, from Old Dutch *blok, from Proto-Germanic *blukką, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“thick plank, beam, pile, prop”). Cognate of Afrikaans blok.
* Semantic loan from English block for sense of (sport) an action to interfere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈblɔk̚]
* Hyphenation: blok

### Noun

blok (plural)
* block:
** substantial often approximately cuboid piece.
** group of buildings demarcated by streets.
** (sports) an action to interfere with the movement of an opposing player or of the object of play (ball, puck).
** (nautical) a case with one or more sheaves/pulleys, used with ropes to increase or redirect force, for example, as part of the rigging of a sailing ship.
    Synonym: kontrol
** (anesthesiology, neurology) deliberate interruption of signals traveling along a nerve, often for the purpose of pain relief.
    Synonym: sekatan
** (colloquial) something that prevents something from passing.
* bloc: a group of countries acting together for political or economic goals.

#### Derived terms

* diblok
* memblok
* mengeblok
* pengeblok
* pengeblokan

#### Compounds

* bagan blok
* blok aksiler
* blok atrioventrikular
* blok B-25
* Blok Barat
* blok beton
* blok Bier
* blok buku
* blok es
* blok gelang kaki
* blok gerinda tersesuaikan
* blok katrol berganda
* blok kerja tahunan
* blok landas
* blok memori cadangan
* blok mesin
* blok muat
* blok perkabelan
* Blok Poros
* blok rumput
* blok saraf aksesori
* Blok Sekutu
* blok sensus
* blok silinder
* blok silinder aluminium
* blok sosial
* blok tahunan
* blok terstruktur
* Blok Timur
* desain blok
* diagram blok
* diagram blok dasar
* diseksi blok
* graf blok
* isolasi termal tipe-blok
* kanal multiplekser blok
* karakter cek blok
* konversi turun blok
* kopolimer blok
* matriks blok
* metode iteratif blok
* paham blok regional
* panjang blok
* pemanas blok
* pemodelan blok
* pengalamatan blok
* pengambilan suara blok
* penukar turun blok
* penyimpan alokasi peta blok
* perdagangan blok
* perkalian blok
* polimerisasi blok
* program perawatan blok
* ragam blok
* rancangan blok
* rancangan blok taklengkap berimbang
* regionalisme blok
* relaksasi blok
* sistem blok
* struktur blok
* tabel peta blok
* transfer blok
* waktu blok

#### Related terms

* blokade
* blokir

### Further reading

* “blok” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Middle Low German
### Alternative forms

* block

### Etymology

From Old Saxon blok.

### Noun

blok m or n
* block

### References

* "blok" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelniederdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* bloch (Przemyśl)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Block. Sense 8 is a semantic loan from English code block, sense 9 is a semantic loan from English block, sense 10 is a semantic loan from English heart block, and sense 11 is a semantic loan from English engine block. First attested in 1782.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈblɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔk
* Syllabification: blok
* Homophones: blog, Blok

### Noun

blok m inan (diminutive bloczek)
* block (cuboid piece of hard material)
* apartment building, block, block of flats, tower block
* block, cellblock
* block, pad (for writing)
    Synonyms: notes, zeszyt
* block (series of similar items)
* (politics) bloc
* (philately) block, miniature sheet (joined group of four (or in some cases nine) postage stamps, forming a roughly square shape)
    blok okolicznościowy/pamiątkowy ― a commemorative block
    wydać blok ― to print a block
* (computing) code block (block of source code, often one that is delimited by brackets or in some similar way, depending on the programming language)
* (volleyball) block (defensive play by one or more players meant to deflect a spiked ball back to the hitter’s court)
* (pathology) heart block
    blok serca ― a heart block
    blok przedsionkowo-komorowy ― an atrioventricular block
* engine block
    blok napędowy ― a driving block
    blok cylindrów ― a cylinder block
    blok silnika ― an engine block
* block, pulley wheel, sheave
    Synonym: krążek
* (cooking) a type of desert made from powdered milk and crushed biscuits or wafers

#### Derived terms

* bloczny
* blokowiskowy
* blokowy
* bloczność
* bloczydło
* blokowiec
* blokowisko
* blokownia
* blokoza
* blokówka
* blokować impf, zablokować pf
* odblokowywać impf, odblokować pf
* przyblokować pf
* zblokować pf

#### Related terms

* blockbuster
* blokada
* blokdiagram
* bloker
* blokers
* blokhauz

#### Collocations

* granitowy blok ― a granite block
* bloki skalne ― stone blocks
* bloki kamiennest ― rock blocks
* blok granitu ― blocks of granite
* blok kamienia ― blocks of stone
* blok marmuru ― blocks of marble
* blok lodu ― blocks of ice
* wysoki blok ― a tall block
* betonowy blok ― a concrete block
* szary blok ― a gray block
* czteropiętrowy blok ― a four-floor block
* dziesięciopiętrowy blok ― a ten-floor block
* wielopiętrowy blok ― a multi-story block
* gierkowski blok ― a Gierek-style/era block
* gomułkowski blok ― a Gomułka-style/era block
* sąsiedni blok ― a neighboring block
* bloki mieszkalne ― blocks of flats
* bloki spółdzielcze ― cooperative blocks
* bloki osiedla ― blocks of a neighborhood
* bloki z betonu ― blocks made from concrete
* blok z mieszkaniami ― a block with apartments
* bloki na osiedlu jakimś ― blocks in some neighborhood
* bloki na ulicy jakiejś ― blocks on some street
* bloki przy ulicy jakiejś ― blocks by some street
* bloki w centrum ― blocks in the center
* dach bloku ― the roof of a block
* piętra bloku ― the floors of a block
* piwnica bloku ― the basement of a block
* ściana bloku ― the walls of a block
* lokatorzy/mieszkańcy bloku ― the residents of a block
* budowa bloku ― block construction
* wejście do bloku ― a block entrance
* sąsiedzi z bloku ― neighbors from a block
* ławka pod blokiem ― a bench outside a block
* trawnik pod blokiem ― a lawn outside a block
* podwórko przed blokiem ― a yard in front of a block
* lokal w bloku ― 'a local in a block
* mieszkanie w bloku ― an apartment in a block
* bloki stoją gdzieś ― blocks are somewhere
* ocieplać blok ― to ehat block
* remontować blok ― to remodel a block
* zamieszkiwać blok ― to inhabit a block
* budować blok ― to build a block
* wchodzić do bloku ― to enter a block
* wychodzić z bloku ― to leave a block
* mieszkać w bloku ― to live in a block
* blok obozowy ― a camp cellblock
* bloki dla więźniów ― a cellblock for prisoners
* blok w obozie ― a cellblock in a camp
* więźniowie bloku ― the prisoners of a cellblock
* więźniowie z bloku ― the prisoners from a cellblock
* blok rysunkowy ― a sketch book
* blok techniczny ― a drawing pad
* blok notatnika ― a notebook
* kartka z bloku ― a page from a pad
* blok reklamowy ― an advertising block
* bloki tematyczne ― thematic blocks
* bloki wykładowe ― lecture blocks
* blok artykułów ― a block of articles
* blok filmów ― a block of movies
* blok muzyki ― a block of music
* blok głosowań ― a block of votes
* blok zajęć ― a block of lessons
* demokratyczny blok ― a democratic bloc
* blok polityczny ― a political bloc
* blok wyborczy ― an electoral bloc
* blok komunistyczny ― a communist bloc
* blok socjalistyczny ― a socialist bloc
* blok radziecki/sowiecki ― a soviet bloc
* blok państw ― a bloc of countries
* kraje bloku ― countries of a block
* polityka bloku ― the politics of a bloc
* blok popiera coś ― a bloc supports something
* blok przedstawia program ― a bloc introduces a program
* bloki podpisały porozumienie ― blocs signed an agreement
* zaznaczony blok ― a marked code block
* blok tekstowy/tekstu ― a text code block
* blok danych ― a code block of data
* blok instrukcji ― a code block of instructions
* blok pamięci ― a memory code block
* blok na dysku ― a code block on a disc
* edycja bloku ― an edit on a code block
* biblioteki bloku ― a code block's library
* zaznaczyć blok ― to mark a code block
* wstawianie bloku ― the insertion of a code block
* wczytywanie bloków ― to loading of a code block
* blok siatkarek ― a volleyball player's block
* blok gospodyń ― a hosts' block
* blok rywalek ― a rivals' block
* gra blokiem ― a block play
* grać blokiem ― to play a block
* punkty zdobyte blokiem ― points gained through a block
* przebicie przez blok ― a piercing shot with a block

### References

* ↑ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “blok”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
* ↑ Gaspard le Compasseur de Créquy-Montfort Courtivron (1782) Nauka O Gatunkach I Szukaniu Rudy Żelazney, Topieniu Iey W Piecach Wielkich i Dymarkach, Robieniu Miechów Drewnianych, Stawianiu Pieców Na Topienie Rudy; O Fryszerkach i Fryszowaniu Żelaza Surowego, Laniu Naczyn Żelaznych; O Robieniu Stali Z Żelaza Ciągłego Albo Surowego‎, page 121

### Further reading

* blok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* blok in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* blok in PWN's encyclopedia

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French bloc.

### Noun

blȍk m (Cyrillic spelling бло̏к)
* block (a cuboid piece)
* (sports) block
* (politics) bloc, coalition
* block of flats

#### Declension
## Turkish
### Etymology

From French bloc and English block.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈb(ɯ)lok/

### Noun

blok (definite accusative bloku, plural bloklar)
* bloc
** 1938 January 5, headline in Kurun:
    Romanya, Rusya'ya karşı bir blok kurmak istiyorRomania wants to form a bloc against Russia
* block
* group

#### Derived terms

* bloklamak

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “blok”, in Nişanyan Sözlük