# y

| y | U+0079, &#121; LATIN SMALL LETTER Y |
| ← x [U+0078] | Basic Latin | z → [U+007A] |
| ʸ | U+02B8, &#696; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL Y |
| ← ʷ [U+02B7] | Spacing Modifier Letters | ʹ → [U+02B9] |
| ｙ | U+FF59, &#65369; FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER Y |
| ← ｘ [U+FF58] | Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | ｚ → [U+FF5A] |

## Translingual
### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
* (Variations of letter Y): Ýý Ỳỳ Ŷŷ ẙ Ÿÿ Ỹỹ Ẏẏ Ȳȳ Ỷỷ Ỵỵ Ɏɏ Ƴƴ ʏ Ｙｙ Ꝡꝡ

### Pronunciation

* Pronunciation of IPA [yː]:(file)

### Symbol

y
* (metrology) yocto-.
* (IPA) a close front rounded vowel: the German ü-sound.
* (NAPA) the English y-sound, IPA [j].
* (superscript ⟨ʸ⟩, IPA) [y]-coloring, a [y] on- or off-glide (diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [y].
* (superscript ⟨ʸ⟩, NAPA) palatalization, equivalent to IPA [ʲ].
* Denoting an item that is twenty-fifth in a list.

### Gallery

* Letter styles
* Uppercase and lowercase versions of Y, in normal and italic type
* Uppercase and lowercase Y in Fraktur

### See also

Other representations of Y:
| NATO phonetic: Yankee Morse code: –·–– Braille: ⠽ ASL Manual: Y | Signal flag: | Semaphore: |

## English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ˈwaɪ/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* (phoneme): IPA: /i/, /ɪ/, /aɪ/, /ə/, /j/
* (letter name): Rhymes: -aɪ
* Homophones: why, Wye, wye

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y, plural ys or y's)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, called wy or wye and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
* Historically, this letter was sometimes used to approximate þ, as in yt (“that”), yͧ (“thou”), and ye (“the”) (which see for more).

### Etymology 2

Abbreviations.
y
* (Stenoscript) the sound sequence /ɔɪ̯/.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of why.
* (Stenoscript) the suffix -ry or -rry.

#### Noun

y
* Abbreviation of year.
** 2003, Howard Tanner, Sonia Jones, Becoming a Successful Teacher of Mathematics:Consider the following questions selected from the tests and estimate the proportion of Y8 pupils you would expect to answer correctly.
* (UK, television) Abbreviation of youth, usually followed by an age appropriate for the content so marked.
    Y7

##### Derived terms

* Y2K
* y-axis
* y-direction
* y-front
* y-intercept
* y-wing
* y-word

#### Adverb

y (not comparable)
* (slang, text messaging, Internet slang) Abbreviation of why.

#### Particle

y
* (computing) Abbreviation of yes.

### See also

* U
* V

## Aragonese
### Etymology

From Latin et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

### Conjunction

y
* and

## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

### Conjunction

y
* and

### Pronoun

y (y (or -y), plural ys/yos or -ys/-yos)
* Pronoun for the third-person singular indirect object.
    da-y pangive him/her bread

#### Usage notes

* Usually seen as -y

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /j/

### Letter

y lower case (upper case Y)
* The thirty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i ɡreko/, [i ɣ̞re̞.ko̞]

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-sixth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i greko and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Catalan
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [i ˈɣɾe.ɣə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [i ˈɣɾe.ɣa]

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Catalan alphabet, called i grega and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lletres; A a (À à), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ï ï), J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Etymology 2
#### Conjunction

y
* Obsolete form of i (“and”).

## Cornish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪː/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *eið, from Proto-Celtic *esyo m and *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).

#### Pronoun

y
* (Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) his

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *eyes, plural of *es, from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Breton i(nt), Irish ia(d) and Welsh hwy

#### Pronoun

y
* (Standard Cornish) they (third person plural pronoun)

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Celtic *ide- (compare Breton e, ez, Welsh y, yth, Old Irish id), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰei- (compare Latin ibi (“here”), Avestan 𐬌𐬛𐬁 (idā, “here, in the same way”), and Sanskrit इह (ihá, “here”)).

#### Particle

y (triggers mixed mutation)
* Inserted before the verb when the verb precedes the subject

## Czech
### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The thirty-ninth letter of the Czech alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, E e, É é, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, P p, Q q, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, Ů ů, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* ij (in some words)

### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ɛɪ/, /iˈɡrɛk/, /ˌɣrik.sə ˈɛɪ/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* the twenty-fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet

#### Usage notes

In certain dialects the letter is pronounced similar to IPA: /ji:/. In these dialects, they will actually write "y" such as in "jy" (IPA: /ji:/) instead of modern standard Dutch jij (IPA: /jɛɪ/).

### See also

* Previous letter: x
* Next letter: z

## Fala
### Conjunction

y
* Alternative form of i

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iː/
* Homophone: i

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The twenty-sixth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

## Finnish
### Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and y for information on the development of the glyph itself. In particular, the use of ⟨y⟩ for /y/ follows the Swedish orthography, which in turn follows Latin.

### Pronunciation

* Audio; “yy, nyökkäys, tyttö, yy”:(file)

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called yy and written in the Latin script.

#### Derived terms

* y-akseli
* y-arvo
* y-suunta

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

## Franco-Provençal
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin hīc.

### Pronoun

y (ORB, broad)
* it (third-person singular neuter dative)

#### See also

| singular | nominative | accusative | dative | tonic$^1$ | possessive$^2$ |
| 1st person | jo | mè | mè | mè | min |
| 2nd person | te | tè | tè | tè | tin |
| 3rd person masculine | il | lo / le | lui | lui | sin |
| 3rd person feminine | el | la | lyé | lyé | | sin |
| 3rd person neuter | o | o | y | — | sin |
| 3rd person reflexive | — | sè | sè | sè | | | sin |
| plural | nominative | accusative | dative | tonic$^1$ | possessive$^2$ |
| 1st person | nos | nos | nos | nos | noutro |
| 2nd person | vos | vos | vos | vos | voutro |
| 3rd person masculine | ils | los / les | lor | lor | lor |
| 3rd person feminine | els | les | lor / lyés | lor / lyés | | lor |
| 3rd person reflexive | — | sè | sè | sè | | | lor |
| $^1$ Disjunctive or object of a preposition. | $^1$ Disjunctive or object of a preposition. | $^2$ Generally preceded by a definite article. | $^2$ Generally preceded by a definite article. | $^2$ Generally preceded by a definite article. | $^2$ Generally preceded by a definite article. |

### References

* y in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
* y in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## French
### Etymology 1

From i grec (“Greek i”), referring to the letter upsilon (Υ), originally borrowed from the Greek alphabet, as opposed to "Latin i" (I).

#### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /i.ɡʁɛk/

#### Letter

y
* a letter in the French alphabet, after x and before z

### Etymology 2

10th century; from Old French i, from Latin hīc (“here”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi-ḱe (“this, here”)), with meaning influenced by Old French iv (“there, thither”), itself from Latin ibī. Derivation from the latter poses difficulty from a phonetic standpoint. Compare Catalan hi.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i/
* Homophones: hie, hies, hient, i

#### Pronoun

y (adverbial)
* there (at a place)
    Il est dans la maison. Il y est.He is in the house. He is there.
* there, thither (to there)
    Nous allons au Mexique. Nous y allons.We are going to Mexico. We are going there.
* Used as a pronoun to replace an adverbial phrase starting with à.
    Je pense à mon pays. J’y pense.I think about my country. I think about it.
** With verbs: see Appendix:French verbs followed by à for verbs which use this structure.
** (archaic) With adjectives. Only used with a handful of adjectives (the most common combination being y compris, which is a special case), mainly in legal terminology.
    personnes y nommées ― Persons named there(in)
    procédures y afférentes ― Related procedures
    documents y relatifs ― Related documents
    eaux y affluentes ― Tributary waters

##### Derived terms

* y avoir
* y compris

##### Related terms

$^1$ On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms). $^2$ Vous is also used as the polite singular form. $^3$ Ils and eux are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members. $^4$ These forms are also used as third person plural reflexive.

### Etymology 3

Eye dialect spelling or contraction of il and ils.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i/

#### Pronoun

y
* (Quebec, colloquial) he: alternative form of il
* (Quebec, colloquial) they: alternative form of ils
* (Quebec, colloquial) they: alternative form of elles

### Further reading

* “y”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Fula
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

## German
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /yː/, /y/, /ʏ/, /i/, /ɪ/, /j/
* (letter name) IPA: /ˈʏpsilɔn/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

y n (strong, genitive y, plural y)
* the letter y

## Guaraní
### Alternative forms

* ⠽ (Guarani Braille)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɨ/

### Noun

y
* water

#### Derived terms

* ysyry (“river”)

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

Contraction of yo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/

### Pronoun

y
* Contraction of yo.

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: [ˈi]
* (letter name): IPA: [ˈipsilon]

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* A letter of the extended Hungarian alphabet, called ipszilon and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

As shown in the alphabet below, this letter normally occurs in Hungarian words only as part of four digraphs: gy, ly, ny, and ty (with their long counterparts: ggy, lly, nny, tty). Aside from them, the terms containing y defined in an extensive Hungarian monolingual dictionary are baby-doll, baby-sitter, body (“bodice”), body-building / bodyzik / bodyzó, boy, brandy, citoyen, country​/​countryzene, cowboy​/​cowboyfilm​/​cowboykalap, curry, disc-jockey, doyen, dry, dyn, fair play, háryjános​/​háryjánoskodik, intercity, joystick, play back, playboy, royalista, sherry, spray, whisky, yard, yperit, yuppie, złoty and the letter itself. Additionally, a newer and more comprehensive but as yet incomplete dictionary contains bicsérdysta, byte, copyright, and cowboycsizma. (The forms dandy, gentry, happy end (“happy ending”), jersey, maya, nylon, and yen are also mentioned as alternative forms in the former volume, but their current standard spelling is dendi, dzsentri, dzsörzé, hepiend, jen, maja, and nejlon.)
Proper names written with y include the country names Guyana, Paraguay, Seychelle-szigetek, and Uruguay and the capital names Conakry, Port Moresby, and Reykjavík. Other names deriving from Latin alphabets are also retained (such as English Calgary, Hollywood, Kentucky, Montgomery, New Jersey, New York, Sydney, Wyoming etc., German Bayreuth, Speyer, Steyr, French Lyon, Mayotte, Nancy, Vichy, and Polish Białystok, Bydgoszcz, Przemyśl). Otherwise, this letter is usually transcribed in country and city names, for example Jemen (“Yemen”), Malajzia (“Malaysia”), Nepjida (“Naypyidaw”), and Rijád (“Riyadh”).

#### Derived terms

* y-nyi
* y-odik
* y-os

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

### References

* ↑ 75,000 entries in Pusztai, Ferenc (ed.). Magyar értelmező kéziszótár (“A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian”). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003. 2nd, expanded and revised edition →ISBN. Online searchable version (under development)
* ↑ As of 2021, completed until ELZ. Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress)

### Further reading

* y in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The twenty-eighth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* (context pronunciation) IPA: /j/
* (letter name) IPA: /je/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /je/
* (phoneme) IPA: /j/

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Italian
### Letter

y f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet, called ipsilon, i greco or i greca in Italian

#### Usage notes

* The letter Y is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords.

## Kabuverdianu
### Etymology

From Portuguese e.

### Conjunction

y
* and

### References

* Gonçalves, Manuel (2015) Capeverdean Creole-English dictionary, →ISBN

## Kamayurá
### Noun

y
* Alternative form of 'ɨ

### References

* Languages of the Amazon (2012, →ISBN

## Kankanaey
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog y. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English y.

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /waj/ [wai̯]
** Rhymes: -aj
* (phoneme) IPA: /i/ [i̞]
** Rhymes: -i

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-seventh letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called way and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### References

* Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

## Kashubian
### Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and y for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The thirty-first letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, Ã ã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

## Khumi Chin
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔɘ˥/

### Particle

y
* no

### References

* K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎, Payap University, page 47

## Ladin
### Conjunction

y
* and

## Latgalian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /ɨ/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The fourteenth letter of the Latgalian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ā ā, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, Ģ ģ, H h, I i, Y y, Ī ī, J j, K k, Ķ ķ, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈyː/, [ˈyː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈi/, [ˈiː]

### Noun

ȳ f (indeclinable)
* A name of the letter Y.

#### Synonyms

* (name of the letter Y): ī graeca, ȳpsīlon

#### Coordinate terms

* (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

### References

* "y", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve, Latin Grammar (3rd ed., 1895), page 1
    The Latin names for the letters… For Y the sound was used, for Z the Greek name (zēta).

## Lithuanian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /iː/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The fifteenth letter of the Lithuanian alphabet, called i ilgoji and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, Ę ę, Ė ė, F f, G g, H h, I i, Į į, Y y, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, Ų ų, Ū ū, V v, Y y, Z z, Ž ž

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɨ/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The thirty-first letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called y and written in the Latin script.
* The name of the Latin-script letter y/Y.

### See also

* See Template:list:Latin script letters/dsb.
* See Template:list:Latin script letter names/dsb.

## Malay
### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Mandinka
### Pronoun

y
* they, them (personal pronoun)

#### See also
## Manx
### Article

y
* Alternative form of yn

## Mbyá Guaraní
### Noun

y
* water

### References

* Léxico Guaraní, dialeto Mbyá : versão para fins acadêmicos (1998)

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronoun

y
* Alternative form of I

### Etymology 2
#### Preposition

y
* Alternative form of in (“in”)

## Middle French
### Adverb

y
* there (in a given place)
** 1488, Jean Dupré, Lancelot du Lac, page 12:Or me dictes fist Lancelot, des lettres qui illec sont escriptes, savez vous qui les y fist mettreNow tell me, said Lancelot, about these letters that are written here, do you know who put them here?

## Navajo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/, /ɣ/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

The letter ⟨y⟩ is used for the phoneme /j/, but also for /ɣ/ before a front vowel, where that is pronounced [ʝ].

#### See also

* Appendix:Navajo alphabet

## Norwegian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /yː/
* (phoneme): IPA: /yː/, /y/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

y
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Perhaps the most troublesome sound in Norwegian. Even some native speakers tend to merge it into /i(ː)/.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse ýr, from Proto-Germanic *īhwaz. Akin to English yew.

#### Noun

y m (definite singular yen, indefinite plural yar, definite plural yane)
* (obsolete) yew
    Synonym: barlind

##### Related terms

* Ivar m
* Iveland
* Ivesdal

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse úa, influenced by kry.

#### Verb

y (present tense yr, past tense ydde, past participle ytt/ydd, passive infinitive yast, present participle yande, imperative y)
* to crawl (of small animals)

### References

* “y” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Nupe
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /j/

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-eighth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /y/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* A letter of the Old English alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* This letter always represents the IPA vowel /y/, never the consonant /j/ that y sometimes represents in modern English.
* Old English texts often include a tittle above the letter: ⟨ẏ⟩
* Although Old English texts typically did not mark vowel length, modern editions of Old English manuscripts typically do. Some editions mark the long version of this vowel with ⟨ý⟩, but ⟨ȳ⟩ is now more common.

## Old Tupi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɨ/
* Rhymes: -ɨ
* Hyphenation: y

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨ (“liquid, urine”), from Proto-Tupian *tˀɨ (“liquid, urine”). Doublet of ty.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé hɨ (“river”), Guaraní ty (“urine”).

#### Noun

y (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute ty, R1 ry, R2 ty)
* water
    Synonym: 'y
* liquid
    Synonym: yku
* humidity
    Synonyms: yby'y, akymaíba
    Coordinate terms: abyaru, 'a'y
* juice, while it's still inside the fruit
* broth
    Synonym: îekysy

##### Derived terms

* pakoby
* ygapó
* ypûera

#### Adjective

y (IIb class pluriform, R1 ry, R2 ty, noun form y)
* humid
    Synonyms: yby'y, akymaíb

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨ (“river”), from Proto-Tupian *it͡ʃˀɨ (“river”).
Cognate with Awetí hɨ (“river”) and Sateré-Mawé ihɨ (“river”).

#### Noun

y (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute ty, R1 ry, R2 ty)
* river
    Synonym: 'y

### References

* 1 2 Beatriz Carretta Corrêa da Silva (2010) Mawé/Awetí/Tupí-Guaraní: relações linguísticas e implicações históricas‎ (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB, pages 403–404
* ↑ Andrey Nikulin (2020) Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo‎ (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB
* ↑ Aryon d'Alligna Rodrigues (2007) “As consoantes do proto-tupí”, in Aryon d'Alligna Rodrigues, Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral, editors, Línguas e culturas tupí‎, 1 edition, volume 1, Campinas: Curt Nimuendajú, pages 167–204

### Further reading

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “y”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 513, column 1

## Papiamentu
### Alternative forms

* i (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

From Spanish y and Portuguese e and Kabuverdianu i.

### Conjunction

y
* and

## Polish
### Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and y for development of the glyph itself.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈi.ɡrɛk/
* Homophones: -y, -y-

### Letter

y (upper case Y, lower case)
* The twenty-ninth letter of the Polish alphabet, called y or igrek and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

Letter name: (ípsilon)
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈip.si.lõ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈi.psi.lɔn/, /ˈi.pslɔn/
* Audio (Brazil):(file)
Letter name: (i grego)
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈi ˈɡɾe.ɡu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈi ˈɡɾe.ɡu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈi ˈɡɾe.ɡo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈi ˈɡɾe.ɡu/ [ˈi ˈɣɾe.ɣu]
Phoneme:
* IPA: /i/, /j/ (loanwords)

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Quechua
### Adverb

y
* really, truly

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/, /i/

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The thirtieth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called igrec or i grec and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Silesian
### Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and y for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The thirty-first letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ã ã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ŏ ŏ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [i]

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The forty-second letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, Ä ä, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, Dz dz, Dž dž, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ĺ ĺ, Ľ ľ, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, Q q, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Spanish
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (phoneme) /ʝ/, /i/
* IPA: (letter name) /ˈʝe/ [ˈɟ͡ʝe]
* IPA: (letter name, everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈʝe/ [ˈɟ͡ʝe]
* IPA: (letter name, Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈʃe/ [ˈʃe]
* IPA: (letter name, elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈʒe/ [ˈʒe]
** Rhymes: -e
* /i/ in the conjunction (see below) and in word-final diphthongs (e.g. hoy, rey); otherwise /ʝ/.

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-sixth letter of the Spanish alphabet, called ye or i griega and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o (Ó ó), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Spanish é or e, from Latin et.

#### Alternative forms

* e
* i (obsolete)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (preconsonantal) /i/ [i]
** Rhymes: -i
** Syllabification: y
* IPA: (prevocalic) [i̯]
** Rhymes:
* Audio (Spain):(file)

#### Conjunction

y
* and
** 1605, Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Don Quijote de la Mancha, Chapter I:
    Es, pues, de saber que este sobredicho hidalgo, los ratos que estaba ocioso —que eran los más del año—, se daba a leer libros de caballerías, con tanta afición y gusto, que olvidó casi de todo punto el ejercicio de la caza y aun la administración de su hacienda; y llegó a tanto su curiosidad y desatino en esto, que vendió muchas hanegas de tierra de sembradura para comprar libros de caballerías en que leer, y, así, llevó a su casa todos cuantos pudo haber dellos.You must know, then, that the above-named gentleman whenever he was at leisure (which was mostly all the year round) gave himself up to reading books of chivalry with such ardour and avidity that he almost entirely neglected the pursuit of his field-sports, and even the management of his property; and to such a pitch did his eagerness and infatuation go that he sold many an acre of tillageland to buy books of chivalry to read, and brought home as many of them as he could get.
* (in names of number) and
    setenta y seis ― seventy-six
* (in arithmetic) plus, and
    uno y uno son dos ― one plus one is two
* (informal) well
    ¡Y por supuesto! ― Well, of course!
* (informal) what about, how about, where is/are the
    Pero, ¿y el concierto? ¿Ya no vamos? ― But what about the concert? Are we not going anymore?
    ¿Y la niña? ¿Está a salvo? ― How about the girl? Is she safe?
    ¿Y los archivos? Debo echarles un vistazo. ― Where are the files? I should take a look at them.

##### Usage notes

* Before words that begin with the /i/ sound, the form e is used instead (except when the meaning of the conjunction is "what about", in which case the form y is always used).

##### Derived terms

* y comercial
* ¿y qué?

### Further reading

* “y”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bokstav; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish y. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English y.
* Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜌ (ya).
* Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish y.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈwaj/ [ˈwaɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -aj
** IPA: /ˈja/ [ˈja] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -a
** IPA: /ˈje/ [ˈjɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
*** Rhymes: -e
** IPA: /j/ [j] (phoneme)
** IPA: /i/ [ɪ] (phoneme, used as a vowel)

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y, Baybayin spelling ᜏᜌ᜔)
* The twenty-seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called way and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y, Baybayin spelling ᜌ)
* The twentieth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called ya and written in the Latin script.

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y, Baybayin spelling ᜌᜒ)
* (historical) The twenty-seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ye and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish y.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔi/ [ʔɪ]
* Rhymes: -i
* Syllabification: y

#### Conjunction

y (Baybayin spelling ᜁ)
* (archaic) and
    Synonyms: at, saka

### Further reading

* “y”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Tày
### Pronunciation

* (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA: [ʔi˧˧]
* (Trùng Khánh) IPA: [ʔi˦˥]

### Verb

y
* to imitate, to mimic

### Preposition

y
* along
    y te hết ― do like he/she does (literally do along him/her)
    Đăm nà y thỏi cáuFollow the old customs (literally "plant rice like the previous rows")
* according to
    y cằm po̱ me̱ ― according to the parents' words

### References

Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎ (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

## Tlingit
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Canada:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
* US:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․

## Turkish
### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-eighth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ye and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harf; A a (Â â), B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i (Î î), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u (Û û), Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Turkmen
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /ɯ/, /ɯː/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* The twenty-eighth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called y and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔi˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɪj˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɪj˧˧]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 伊.

#### Pronoun

y
* (archaic, literary) he; him; she; her
** 1958, Đổng Chi Nguyễn, “Thạch Sùng còn thiếu mẻ kho hay là Sự tích con mối”, in Kho tàng truyện cố tích Việt Nam, NXB Văn sử địa:Hồi đó ở kinh đô có một người em hoàng hậu họ Vương. Y cũng là tay cự phú nổi tiếng tiền rừng biển bạc và xài phí vào bậc nhất.At the time, there was in the capital a brother of the queen of the Wáng family. He was also a famous for being immensely rich and was an extravagant spender of first degree.
* (derogatory) he, him

##### See also

* thị

### Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 依.

#### Adverb

y
* (informal) exactly; precisely (like)
    y như ― exactly like/as
    y như thật ― so realistic (literally, “exactly like real life”)
    y chang ― very much like

##### Derived terms

* y chang
* y chóc
* y hệt
* y như
* y xì

### Etymology 3

Sino-Vietnamese word from 醫.

#### Noun

y
* (medicine) medicine; physician

##### Derived terms

* Đông y (東醫, “traditional East Asian medicine”)
* lương y như từ mẫu (良醫如慈母, “(literary) a good physician is like a good mother”)
* lương y (良醫, “(literary) a good physician”)
* nan y (難醫, “(of disease) difficult to cure”)
* pháp y (法醫, “forensic science”)
* Tây y (西醫, “modern medicine”)
* y dược (醫藥, “medicine and pharmacy”)
* y đạo (醫道, “(literary) art of healing”)
* y học (醫學, “medicine”)
* y khoa (醫科, “medicine”)
* y lệnh (醫令, “doctor's instructions”)
* y sĩ (醫士, “(junior) physician”)
* y sinh (醫生, “physician”)
* y tá (醫佐, “nurse”)
* y tế (醫濟, “health care”)
* y viện (醫院, “(literary) hospital”)

## Võro
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɨ/

### Letter

y (uppercase Y)
* The letter of the Võro alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Wayampi
### Noun

y
* Alternative form of ɨɨ (“water”)
    ay'ú. ― I drink water.

### References

* Handbook of Amazonian Languages, volume 4 (1998), edited by Desmond C. Derbyshire, Geoffrey K. Pullum

## Welsh
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* ỳ (with grave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel /ə/)
* ý (with acute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel)
* ŷ (with circumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel)
* ÿ (with diaeresis to indicate disyllabicity)

#### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: /ə/
** (informal) IPA: /əː/
* Rhymes: -ə

#### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-ninth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called y and written in the Latin script.

##### Mutation

* y cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word ysgol (“school; ladder”):
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

##### Derived terms

* Digraph sequences: yw

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
* (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd

#### Noun

y f (plural yau)
* The name of the Latin-script letter Y/y.

##### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Etymology 2

From Middle Welsh y, yr, from Old Welsh ir, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *sindos.

#### Alternative forms

* 'r (used after vowels)
* yr (used before vowels and h)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ə/
* Rhymes: -ə

#### Article

y (definite) (triggers soft mutation of a feminine singular noun, except ll and rh remain unmutated)
* the
    y bachgen m ― the boy
    y ferch f ― the girl
    y llong f ― the ship
    y bechgyn pl ― the boys
    y merched pl ― the girls

### Etymology 3

Merger of two formerly distinct particles, ydd and yd.
* (1) from earlier ydd, from Middle Welsh yð, from Proto-Celtic *ide- (compare Breton e, ez, Cornish y, yth, Old Irish id), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰei- (compare Latin ibi (“here”), Avestan 𐬌𐬛𐬁 (idā, “here, in the same way”), and Sanskrit इह (ihá, “here”)).
* (2) from earlier yd, from Middle Welsh yt, from Old Welsh it, from Proto-Celtic *ita- (compare Breton e, ez); akin to Latin ita (“so, thus”), dialectal Lithuanian it (“as”), and Sanskrit इति (íti, “thus, in this manner”).

#### Alternative forms

* yr (used before vowels and h)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ə/
* Rhymes: -ə

#### Particle

y
* (literary) that (preverbal particle used to mark a subordinate clause)
    Wyt ti'n meddwl y gall hi ddod?Do you think that she can come?
    Mae hi'n gwybod y byddet ti'n gwrando arni hi.She knows that you would listen to her.
* (literary) which, whom (particle used with indirect relative clauses)
    y dyn y dysgais ei fab ― the man whose son I taught
    y ferch y gwrandewais arni ― the girl to whom I listened
* (literary) preverbal particle used to mark an affirmative verb in a main clause
** 1620, William Morgan, Y Bibl Cyssegr-lan, Genesis 1:1:Yn y dechreuad y creodd Duw y nefoedd a’r ddaear.In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
    Synonyms: mi, fe (colloquial)

##### Usage notes

* y is almost always omitted in colloquial speech.
* y is used to mean 'that' (i.e. mark a subordinate clause) when the subordinate clause begins with an affirmative form of bod not in the present tense, or another affirmative verb in any tense apart from the preterite.

##### See also

* a
* bod
* mai (with fronted element, marked for emphasis)
* i
* na (negative)

## Yele
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /j/, /◌ʲ/

### Letter

y (upper case Y)
* A letter of the Yele alphabet.

#### Usage notes

After a consonant, the letter indicates palatalization, except that expected *ty and *nty are spelled ⟨ch⟩ and ⟨nj⟩.

#### Derived terms

* The digraph ⟨yw⟩ is used after a consonant m mb p for /◌ᶣ/ in labio-palatalized ⟨myw mbyw pyw⟩.
* Palatalized ⟨dny, dmy, dpy, dy, kpy, ky, ly, mby, mty, my, ndy, nmy, ny, py, tpy, vy⟩.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, â, b, Ch ch, D d, e, é, ê, Gh gh, i, î, j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, o, ó, P p, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, ꞉

## Yoruba
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /j/
* (letter name): IPA: /jí/

### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called yí and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
* (Benin)
* (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

## Zulu
### Letter

y (lower case, upper case Y)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z