# ruby
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹuː.bi/
* Rhymes: -uːbi
* Audio (UK):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus. Doublet of rubine.

#### Noun

ruby (countable and uncountable, plural rubies)
* A clear, deep, red variety of corundum, valued as a precious stone.
** 1957, The Monthly Record, volume 61, page 22:They respond instantly to the faintest rustling in the covert of a sheaf of Ulysses S. Grants, or the homely, rustic tinkle of a wheelbarrow full of rubies being jounced along over a nightclub floor.
** 2012 March, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 14 June 2012, page 128:Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade.
* A deep red colour.
    ruby:
** c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:When now I thinke you can behold such sights, / And keepe the naturall Rubie of your Cheekes, / When mine is blanch'd with feare.
* (heraldry) The tincture red or gules.
** 1720, Francis Nichols, Rudiments of Honour, page 296:Elgin. Topaz a Saltier and Chief Ruby, on a Canton Pearl a Lyon Rampant Saphyr, which last is their paternal Coat; and the Field Topaz, and Saltier, and Chief Ruby, was the Arms of King Robert the Bruce, they altering the Field from Pearl (as he bore it) to Topaz.
** 1726, John Guillim, The Banner Display'd; Or, an Abridgment of Guillim, page 504:The Field is Ruby, on a Bend Topaz, three Martlets Diamond. [...] Checkie Topaz and Saphire, a Fesse within a Bordure Ruby, by the Name of Clifford.
** 1754, John Lodge, The Peerage of Ireland; Or, a Genealogical History of the ..., page 71:(1) Pearl, a Cross, Ruby, with the Effigies of our Saviour thereon, Topaz, born in Memory of one of the Family's fighting against the Turks. (2) Topaz, a Chief Indented, Saphire. (3) Ruby, three covered Cups, Topaz [...]
* A ruby hummer, a South American hummingbird, Clytolaema rubricauda.
* A red bird-of-paradise, Paradisaea rubra.
* (uncountable, printing, UK, dated) The size of type between pearl and nonpareil, standardized as 5½-point.
    Synonym: (US) agate
* (obsolete) A red spinel.

##### Derived terms

* balas-ruby
* Colorado ruby
* Mont Blanc ruby
* rock ruby
* rose-a-ruby
* rubasse
* rubious
* ruby anniversary
* ruby blende
* ruby chocolate
* ruby jubilee
* Ruby on Rails
* ruby port
* ruby-red
* ruby red
* ruby shark
* ruby silver
* ruby slippers
* ruby spinel
* ruby-throated hummingbird (Archilochus colubris)
* ruby tiger
* ruby wedding
* star ruby

##### Related terms

* corundum
* rouge
* rubicund
* rubric
* rufous
* russet

##### Translations
#### Adjective

ruby (comparative more ruby, superlative most ruby)
* Of a deep red colour.

##### Translations
#### Verb

ruby (third-person singular simple present rubies, present participle rubying, simple past and past participle rubied)
* (transitive, poetic) To make red; to redden.
** 1725–1726, Homer, “Book 20”, in [William Broome, Elijah Fenton, Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:With sanguine drops the walls are rubied

#### See also

* blood red
* brick red
* burgundy
* cardinal
* carmine
* carnation
* cerise
* cherry
* cherry red
* Chinese red
* cinnabar
* claret
* crimson
* damask
* fire brick
* fire engine red
* flame
* flamingo
* fuchsia
* garnet
* geranium
* gules
* hot pink
* incarnadine
* Indian red
* magenta
* maroon
* misty rose
* nacarat
* oxblood
* pillar-box red
* pink
* Pompeian red
* poppy
* raspberry
* red violet
* rose
* rouge
* ruby
* ruddy
* salmon
* sanguine
* scarlet
* shocking pink
* stammel
* strawberry
* Turkey red
* Venetian red
* vermilion
* vinaceous
* vinous
* violet red
* wine
* carbuncle
* corundum
* spinel
* Ruby on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

#### Further reading

* David Barthelmy (1997–2025) “Ruby”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
* “ruby”, in Mindat.org‎, Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2025.

### Etymology 2

From the British 5½-point type size ruby (etymology 1), used for annotations in printed documents.

#### Noun

ruby (plural rubies)
* (typography) A pronunciation guide written above or beside Chinese characters.

##### Alternative forms

* rubi

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: ルビ (rubi)

##### Translations
#### See also

* furigana
* pinyin
* yomigana
* Zhuyin

#### Further reading

* Ruby characters on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* -bury, Bury, bury

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrubɪ]

### Noun

ruby
* nominative/accusative/vocative/instrumental plural of rub

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old French rubi, itself borrowed from Latin rubeus.

#### Alternative forms

* rebe, ribe, rube, rubee, rubie, rybe, ryby

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈriu̯biː/, /ˈriu̯beː/

#### Noun

ruby (plural rubies)
* A ruby (red precious stone)
* (figuratively) A precious individual.

##### Descendants

* English: ruby

##### References

* “rubī(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ruby
* Alternative form of robben

## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* hruby

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *grubъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈru.bɪ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ubɪ
* Syllabification: ru‧by

### Adjective

ruby
* fat, thick

#### Declension
### Further reading

* ruby in silling.org