# sus
## Translingual
### Symbol

sus
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Susu.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Susu terms

## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʌs/
* Rhymes: -ʌs
* Homophone: suss
* Audio (US):(file)

### Etymology 1

Clipping of suspicion.

#### Noun

sus (uncountable)
* (UK, informal) Suspicion (in terms of a sus law).
** 2002, Simon James, British Government: A Reader in Policy Making, page 84:The committee […] said ‘sus’ had acquired a symbolic significance out of all proportion to its significance as a criminal charge.

### Etymology 2

Clipping of suspicious.

#### Adjective

sus (comparative more sus or susser, superlative most sus or sussest) (slang)
* Suspicious; having suspicions or questions.
** 2010, Olwyn Conrau, The Importance of Being Cool‎, Carindale: Glass House Brooks, page 134:Even my lame psychic ability told me he'd be pretty sus if he found me pissing on in the lounge room on a week night.
** 2015, Peter King, The Weaving‎, Wellington: Peter King Publishing:Everyone had been a bit sus about Mrs Jones and Lana Vilenskaya, so it wasn't surprising that Mrs Jones stood to speak.
** 2018, Ron Chinchen, Scent of the Beast‎, Bloomington: Xlibris:I'm still really sus about those crocs we found in the drains.
* Suspicious; raising or causing people to have suspicions.
** 1972, Frank Norman, The lives of Frank Norman: told in extracts from his autobiographical books Banana boy, Stand on me, Bang to rights, The guntz:Why this should be I will never know except I might be a pretty sus looking geezer or something. They took about six of us who were in the cafe down the nick and dubbed us up in separate peters. After a long while these two bogies came into ...
* (often humorous) Acting in a borderline sexually inappropriate way, causing others to "suspect" them of being sexually attracted to someone and trying to hide it.
    That guy is always acting sus with the boys—are you sure he's not gay?
** 2021 September 9, @COGxCam, Twitter‎, archived from the original on 18 December 2023:I was acting sus with my friend turns out he's gay I don't think he was joking
** 2022, Sean Thor Conroe, Fuccboi‎, Hachette, →ISBN:Maybe I’m a sus hetero bro who's been subtly abusive and deserves to be blocked out entirely.
** 2022 October 31, u/Keggerbev, “(post title)”, in Reddit‎, r/Advice, archived from the original on 18 December 2023:Gf [30] was acting sus around another guy and not sure If im [M20] just overthinking it.
** 2023 March 9, u/rainbows_are_a_mess, “The Bombay Movie Club”, in Reddit‎, r/mumbai, archived from the original on 17 December 2023:I've also heard many instances of him acting sus with girls.
** 2023 August 6, @bridaaah, Twitter‎, archived from the original on 17 December 2023:Totally not being sus with my controller

##### Derived terms

* sussy

##### See also

* ayo

### Etymology 3

Clipping of suspended.

#### Adjective

sus (not comparable)
* (music) Abbreviation of suspended.

#### See also

* sus chord

### Etymology 4

Clipping of suspend.

#### Verb

sus (third-person singular simple present susses, present participle sussing, simple past and past participle sussed)
* (transitive, Internet slang) To suspend an account on social media (almost exclusively Twitter/X).
    yeah, the account posting offensive stuff got sussed.

### Etymology 5
#### Alternative forms

* SuS

#### Interjection

sus
* (Internet slang, humorous, nonce word) A nonsense word commonly used in YouTube Poop by playing an audio clip forward and in reverse consecutively; said in reference to this editing style, and to describe palindromes and humorously symmetrized images.
    Synonyms: joj, sos
** 2019 June 11, Alfred Coleman III, “Minecraft w/ PaperBoxHouse #2”, in YouTube‎:You better fuf, and then you better broob, 'cause if you don't broob, you're nothing but a nothing, and then the nothing becomes a nothing, and then your nothing is a joj, and then your nothing is sus […]
** [2021, Randall Halle, “Cine-Cognition: Collage, Fragmentation, Integration” (chapter 6), in Visual Alterity: Seeing Difference in Cinema, →ISBN, pages 94–95:ViV [video in video], lagging or stuttering images to get figures to say nonsense words (“SuS”), became popular. […] What appears as chaos, nonsense, or distortion to someone outside the subculture turns out to be a set of references added on as layers and layers of images. Using rapid forward reverse and word-splice editing to make someone else’s project lag or getting a character to say “SuS” or “JoJ” becomes a form of legible code that has a multiplicity of possible orders.]

### Anagrams

* U.S.S., USS, USs, us's

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch zus, shortening of zuster. Equivalent to a shortening of suster.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sœs/

### Noun

sus (plural susse, diminutive sussie)
* sister (female sibling)
    Synonym: suster

#### Related terms

* suster

## Alemannic German
### Alternative forms

* susch, suscht

### Etymology

From Middle High German sus. Compare German sonst.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sus/, /sʊs/

### Adverb

sus
* otherwise
** 1968/1969, Alois Senti with Robert Wildhaber, “Die Sagen der Gemeinde Flums [The sagas of the municipality Flums]”, in Schweizerisches Archiv für Volkskunde‎, volume 65, number 3/4, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Volkskunde, published 1969, Vum Ggaueler, page 154:138 […] Äs seï ä schwarzä Maa mitemä Huet gsii, aber uuni Chopf. «Ich haa ds Büechli nid beï mer, sus hett nä aagsprocha...», heï dr Pfarrer Zwyfel gsäit. Gsii isch es dr Ggaueler.138 […] It has [reportedly] been a black man with a hat but without a head. “I don't have this booklet on me, otherwise I would have talked to him...” has pastor Zwyfel [reportedly] said. It has been the Ggaueler.
** 1970, Alois Senti, Häxäwärch: Sibä Gschichtä im Flumsertiäläggt‎, Mels: Verlag des Sarganserländers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 27:Wägemä äinzigä Moul hät aber niemert müügä nämis säägä. Sus hett jo dr Leïrer Aberli schu än Uusreïd gfundä, ass er nid hett müessä guu.But nobody wanted to say anything [only] because of a single time. Otherwise the teacher Aberli would have found an excuse anyway so that he wouldn't have had to go.

#### Related terms

* suschtig

## Aromanian
### Alternative forms

* susu
* ãnsus, nsus, nsusu (prefixed)

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sūsum. Compare Romanian sus.

### Adverb

sus
* up
    Antonym: ghios

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Probably a shortening of susmaryosep.

### Interjection

sus
* used as an expression of anger, frustration or disbelief

## Chuukese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English shoes.

### Noun

sus
* shoe

## Danish
### Etymology

From the verb suse (“to hiss, whistle”), of imitative origin, similar to German sausen (“to whizz”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /suːs/, [suːˀs]

### Noun

sus n (singular definite suset, plural indefinite sus)
* whistling, singing
* whisper, soughing
* whizz
* rush (pleasurable sensation experienced after use of a stimulant)

#### Synonyms

* susen

### Verb

sus
* imperative of suse

## Fala
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsus/
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Determiner

sus f pl
* (Lagarteiru) Apocopic form of súas (“his, her, its, their”)

#### Usage notes

* Used in Lagarteiru before a feminine plural noun as part of a noun phrase.

#### See also

$^1$ Determiner forms used in Lagarteiru before a noun.

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Finnish
### Etymology

Shortening from Jeesus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsus/, [ˈs̠us̠]
* Rhymes: -us
* Hyphenation: sus

### Interjection

sus
* oh; used only in the expression shown in the example below
    Sus siunatkoon!Oh my God!

### Further reading

* “sus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sy/
* Homophones: su, sue, suent, sues, sut, sût
* Rhymes: -y

### Etymology 1

From Old French sus, from Latin sūsum.

#### Adverb

sus
* (dated) up

##### Derived terms

* en sus
* en sus de

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

sus
* first/second-person singular past historic of savoir

### Further reading

* “sus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈsus/ [ˈsʊs]
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch soes (“choux pastry”).

#### Noun

sus
* choux pastry (a type of light pastry that is used to make profiteroles, éclairs, chouquettes, etc.)
* profiterole (a small, hollow case of choux pastry with a filling)

### Etymology 2

Clipping of suster.

#### Noun

sus
* (rare) sis
* (colloquial) nurse; nun

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from English suspicious.

#### Adjective

sus
* (slang) suspicious
    Synonym: mencurigakan

### Further reading

* “sus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irarutu
### Noun

sus
* (woman's) breast

### References

* J. C. Anceaux, The Linguistic Situation in the Islands of Yapen, Kurudu, Nau and Miosnum (2013), page 46

## Kamkata-viri
### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *swasā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swásā, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsus/

### Noun

sus (Kamviri, Western Kata-viri)
* sister

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “s′us”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Kashubian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsus/
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъsьlъ with folk etymology from etymology 2.

#### Noun

sus m animal
* ground squirrel (rodent of the genus Spermophilus)

##### Derived terms

* spac jak sus

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Schuss.

#### Noun

sus m inan
* jump, leap
    Synonyms: skòk, hops

##### Declension
### Further reading

* Stefan Ramułt (1893) “sus”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian)
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “suseł”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “sus”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sūs, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-. Compare Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs), Pali sūkara, English swine, sow.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsuːs/, [ˈs̠uːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsus/, [ˈsus]

### Noun

sūs m or f (genitive suis); irregular, third declension
* pig
    Synonyms: porcus, scrōfa

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (irregular).

#### Derived terms

* subulcus
* sucerda
* sūcīdia
* sucula
* suīle
* suīllus
* suovetaurīlia

#### Descendants

* Romanian: sor (possibly)
* Sardinian: sughe, sue
* Sassarese: sua, (dialectal) sui

### References

* “sus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “sus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "sus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* sus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. (ambiguous) to have become independent, be no longer a minor: sui iuris factum esse (ambiguous) to outlive, survive all one's kin: omnium suorum or omnibus suis superstitem esse (ambiguous) to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere (ambiguous) to take measures for one's safety; to look after one's own interests: suis rebus or sibi consulere (ambiguous) to employ in the furtherance of one's interests: aliquid in usum suum conferre (ambiguous) to leave a great reputation behind one: magnam sui famam relinquere (ambiguous) to use up, make full use of one's spare time: otio abūti or otium ad suum usum transferre (ambiguous) to win renown amongst posterity by some act: nomen suum posteritati aliqua re commendare, propagare, prodere (ambiguous) to immortalise one's name: memoriam nominis sui immortalitati tradere, mandare, commendare (ambiguous) to take a thing to heart: demittere aliquid in pectus or in pectus animumque suum (ambiguous) to be contented: rebus suis, sorte sua contentum esse (ambiguous) to lose one's head, be beside oneself: sui (mentis) compotem non esse (ambiguous) to despair of one's position: desperare suis rebus (ambiguous) to cause oneself to be expected: exspectationem sui facere, commovere (ambiguous) self-confidence: fiducia sui (Liv. 25. 37) (ambiguous) a man of no self-control, self-indulgent: homo impotens sui (ambiguous) to do one's duty: officium suum facere, servare, colere, tueri, exsequi, praestare (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: officium suum deserere, neglegere (ambiguous) to be courteous, obliging to some one: aliquem officiis suis complecti, prosequi (ambiguous) to follow one's inclinations: studiis suis obsequi (De Or. 1. 1. 3) (ambiguous) to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household: severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37) (ambiguous) to go into mourning: vestem mutare (opp. ad vestitum suum redire) (Planc. 12. 29) (ambiguous) to give audience to some one: sui potestatem facere, praebere alicui (ambiguous) to have no debts: in suis nummis versari (Verr. 4. 6. 11) (ambiguous) (a state) has its own laws, is autonomous: suis legibus utitur (B. G. 1. 45. 3) (ambiguous) to grant a people its independence: populum liberum esse, libertate uti, sui iuris esse pati (ambiguous) to assert one's right: ius suum persequi (ambiguous) to obtain justice: ius suum adipisci (Liv. 1. 32. 10) (ambiguous) to maintain one's right: ius suum tenere, obtinere (ambiguous) to accept battle: potestatem sui facere (alicui) (cf. sect. XII. 9, note audientia...)
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “sūs”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 639

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /suːs/

### Verb

sus
* second-person singular imperative of sies

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French sus.

### Adverb

sus
* on; on top of

### Preposition

sus
* on; on top of; atop

#### Descendants

* French: sus (obsolete)

## Middle High German
### Alternative forms

* sust, sunst

### Etymology

From Old High German sus.

### Adverb

sus
* in this manner that follows, thus
* otherwise

#### Descendants

* Alemannic German: sus, susch, suscht
* German: sonst

### Further reading

* “sus” in Mittelhochdeutsches Handwörterbuch, Matthias von Lexer, 3 vols., Leipzig 1872–1878.

## Norman
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Jersey):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old French sus, from Latin sūsum.

#### Preposition

sus
* (Guernsey) on
** 1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore‎, page 524:Orguillaeux coume ùn pouâis sûs v'louss.As proud as a louse on velvet.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

sus
* first-person singular preterite of saver

## Northern Sami
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Pronoun

sus
* locative of son

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

sus
* imperative of susa

## Occitan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sūsum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sys/
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

sus
* over
    Antonym: jos

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “sūrsum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 12: Sk–š, page 463

## Old Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sūsum.

### Adverb

sus
* up
    Antonym: jus

### Preposition

sus
* above
    Antonym: jus

### References

* “sus” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Old French
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin sūsum.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sys/

#### Adverb

sus
* above; high up
    Antonym: jus

#### Preposition

sus
* above; on top of

##### Descendants

* French: sus
* Norman: sus

#### References

* “sus”, in DEAF: Dictionnaire Étymologique de l'Ancien Français, Heidelberg: Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1968-.

### Etymology 2
#### Preposition

sus
* Alternative form of soz (“under”)

## Old High German
### Etymology

Related to Proto-West Germanic *swā (“in this manner”), see also Dutch zus.

### Adverb

sus
* in this manner that follows, thus

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: sus, sust, sunst
** Alemannic German: sus, susch, suscht
** German: sonst

#### References

* Sievers, Eduard. (2nd. ed. 1892) Bibliothek der ältesten deutschen Litteratur-Denkmäler. V. Band. Tatian. Lateinisch und altdeutsch mit ausführlichem Glossar herausgegeben, p. 438

## Polish
### Etymology

Mazurized form of szus, from German Schuss, from Middle High German, from Old High German scuz, from Proto-West Germanic *skuti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsus/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈsus]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Noun

sus m inan
* caper, jump, leap (long, quick jump)
** 1922, Voltaire, chapter 1, in Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński, transl., Prostaczek (L'ingénu):Zgoła inaczej zachował się pewien młody człowiek bardzo zręcznej postaci, który skoczył jednym susem poprzez głowy towarzyszy i znalazł się tuż nawprost panienki.That was not the behavior of a well-made youth, who, darting himself over the heads of his companions, suddenly stood before Miss Kerkabon.

#### Declension
### Further reading

* sus in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* sus in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “sus”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 341

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsu(j)s/ [ˈsu(ɪ̯)s]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsu(j)s/ [ˈsu(ɪ̯)s]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈsu(j)ʃ/ [ˈsu(ɪ̯)ʃ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsuʃ/

### Interjection

sus!
* come on! (inducing courage or willpower)

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* sos — rare or archaic; influenced by the antonym jos

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sūsum.

### Adverb

sus
* up
    Antonym: jos

### See also

* deasupra
* peste

### References

* sus in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Old Spanish sus, apocopic form of suso.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sus/ [sus]
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Interjection

sus
* c'mon; attaboy

### Determiner

sus pl (possessive)
* plural of su; one's, his, her, its, their (with plural possessee)
* (formal) your (with plural possessee)

#### Related terms
### Further reading

* “sus”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

Deverbal from susa.

### Noun

sus n
* a drawn-out, soft, tone-less murmur, like from a wind; sighing, soughing
    tallens susthe sighing of the pine
** murmur (in a crowd)
    ett sus gick genom publikena murmur went through the crowd

#### Derived terms

* i sus och dus

#### Related terms

* susa

#### See also

* vin (“howl, whistle”)

### References

* sus in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* sus in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* sus in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From a minced oath clipping of Hesus, from Spanish Jesús.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈsus/ [ˈsus]
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: sus

### Interjection

sus (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜐ᜔) (colloquial)
* geez; c'mon
    Synonym: (Rizal) haw

#### Related terms

* Hesus
* Jose
* Maria
* susmaryosep

## Turkish
### Verb

sus
* second-person singular imperative of susmak

## Zazaki
### Noun

sus
* A plant used in drug production