# asma
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch astma, from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

asma (uncountable)
* asthma

## Azerbaijani
### Verb

asmá
* verbal noun of asmaq (“to hang”)

### Adjective

asmá (not comparable)
* hanging, suspension
    asma körpü ― suspension bridge

### Verb

ásma
* negative second-person singular imperative of asmaq (“to hang”)

### Further reading

* “asma” in Obastan.com.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈaz.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈaz.ma]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

asma f (uncountable)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Related terms

* asmàtic

### Further reading

* “asma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈasma/
* Hyphenation: as‧ma

### Etymology 1

From Dutch astma.

#### Noun

asma (plural asma-asma)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Adjective

asma
* (colloquial) chest tightness

##### Synonyms

* bengek

### Etymology 2

From Arabic أَسْمَى (ʔasmā).

#### Noun

asma (plural asma-asma)
* (honorific) name.
    Synonym: nama

### Further reading

* “asma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish asma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

### Noun

asma m (genitive singular asma)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
nominative
asma
vocative
a asma
genitive
asma
dative
asma
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative
an t-asma
genitive
an asma
dative
leis an asma don asma :

#### Derived terms

* asmach (“asthmatic”, adjective)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “asma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “asma”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “asma”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “asma”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.zma/
* Rhymes: -azma
* Hyphenation: à‧sma

### Noun

asma f (plural asme)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Related terms

* asmatico (“asthmatic”)

### References

* ↑ asma in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Anagrams

* Samà

## Javanese
### Romanization

asma
* Romanization of ꦲꦱ꧀ꦩ

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ᾆσμα (âisma, “lyric song”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈaːs.ma/, [ˈäːs̠mä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈas.ma/, [ˈäzmä]

### Noun

āsma n (genitive āsmatis); third declension
* (music) song, lyric ode, hymn

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
* अस्म (Devanagari script)
* অস্ম (Bengali script)
* අස‍්ම (Sinhalese script)
* အသ္မ or ဢသ္မ or ဢသ်မ (Burmese script)
* อสฺม or อัสมะ (Thai script)
* ᩋᩈ᩠ᨾ (Tai Tham script)
* ອສ຺ມ or ອັສມະ (Lao script)
* អស្ម (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄥𑄴𑄟 (Chakma script)

### Verb

asma
* present first-person plural of atthi

### Noun

asma
* vocative singular of asman

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “laborous breathing”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaz.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaz.mɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈaʒ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈaz.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈaʒ.mɐ/
* Rhymes: -aʒmɐ, -azmɐ
* Hyphenation: as‧ma

### Noun

asma f (uncountable)
* (pathology) asthma

## Spanish
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin āsthma, from Ancient Greek ἆσθμα (âsthma, “short-drawn breath, panting”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈasma/ [ˈaz.ma]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -asma
* Syllabification: as‧ma

### Noun

asma f (plural asmas)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Usage notes

* Feminine nouns beginning with stressed /ˈa/ like asma take the singular definite article el (otherwise reserved for masculine nouns) instead of the usual la: el asma. This includes the contracted forms al and del (instead of a la and de la, respectively): al asma, del asma. This is to avoid doubling of the /a/ sound.
    These nouns also usually take the indefinite article un that is otherwise used with masculine nouns (although the standard feminine form una is also permitted): un asma or una asma. The same is true with determiners algún/alguna and ningún/ninguna, as well as for numerals ending with 1 (e.g., veintiún/veintiuna).
    However, if another word intervenes between the article and the noun, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (la, una etc.) must be used: la mejor asma, una buena asma.
* If an adjective follows the noun, it must agree with the noun's gender regardless of the article used: el asma única, un(a) asma buena.
* In the plural, the usual feminine singular articles and determiners (las, unas etc.) are always used.

#### Related terms

* asmático

### Further reading

* “asma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Sundanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈasma/, [ˈas.maʔ]
Sundanese register set :
| lemes | asma |
| lemes ka sorangan | nami, wasta |
| lemes ka batur | jenengan |
| loma | ngaran, aran |
| cohag | {{{co}}} |

### Etymology 1

From Arabic أَسْمَاء (ʔasmāʔ, “name”), plural of اِسْم (ism).

#### Noun

asma (Sundanese script ᮃᮞ᮪ᮙ)
* (very polite) name
    Synonyms: jenengan, ngaran, nami, wasta
    Kalawan nyebat asmana Allah nu Maha Welas tur Maha AsihIn the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate
Sundanese register set :
| lemes | ampeg |
| lemes ka sorangan | {{{les}}} |
| lemes ka batur | {{{leb}}} |
| loma | asma, mengi |
| cohag | {{{co}}} |

### Etymology 2

From Indonesian asma, from Dutch astma.

#### Noun

asma (Sundanese script ᮃᮞ᮪ᮙ)
* (pathology) asthma

### Further reading

* "ASMA", in Coolsma, S (1913) Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English asthma.

### Noun

asma
* asthma
** 1992, anonymous author, Kirap!‎:Mi lukim stori long Kirap! [tok Inglis] bilong Mas 22, 1990, em i stori long pasin bilong helpim man i gat sik asma.I saw in the March 22, 1990, Awake! an article on asthma and treatment for it.

## Turkish
### Noun

asma (definite accusative asmayı, plural asmalar)
* verbal noun of asmak

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
asma
asmalar
definite accusative
asmayı
asmaları
dative
asmaya
asmalara
locative
asmada
asmalarda
ablative
asmadan
asmalardan
genitive
asmanın
asmaların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
asmam
asmalarım
2nd singular
asman
asmaların
3rd singular
asması
asmaları
1st plural
asmamız
asmalarımız
2nd plural
asmanız
asmalarınız
3rd plural
asmaları
asmaları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
asmamı
asmalarımı
2nd singular
asmanı
asmalarını
3rd singular
asmasını
asmalarını
1st plural
asmamızı
asmalarımızı
2nd plural
asmanızı
asmalarınızı
3rd plural
asmalarını
asmalarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
asmama
asmalarıma
2nd singular
asmana
asmalarına
3rd singular
asmasına
asmalarına
1st plural
asmamıza
asmalarımıza
2nd plural
asmanıza
asmalarınıza
3rd plural
asmalarına
asmalarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
asmamda
asmalarımda
2nd singular
asmanda
asmalarında
3rd singular
asmasında
asmalarında
1st plural
asmamızda
asmalarımızda
2nd plural
asmanızda
asmalarınızda
3rd plural
asmalarında
asmalarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
asmamdan
asmalarımdan
2nd singular
asmandan
asmalarından
3rd singular
asmasından
asmalarından
1st plural
asmamızdan
asmalarımızdan
2nd plural
asmanızdan
asmalarınızdan
3rd plural
asmalarından
asmalarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
asmamın
asmalarımın
2nd singular
asmanın
asmalarının
3rd singular
asmasının
asmalarının
1st plural
asmamızın
asmalarımızın
2nd plural
asmanızın
asmalarınızın
3rd plural
asmalarının
asmalarının :

### Verb

asma
* second-person singular negative imperative of asmak

#### Further reading

* “asma”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu