# 心肝
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xīngān
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ ㄍㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sam$^1$ gon$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sîm-kôn
    (Hailu, HRS): sim$^ˋ$ gon$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xim$^1$ gon$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĭng-găng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sing$^1$ gua$^1$ / sing$^1$ guaⁿ$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sim-koaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sim$^1$ guan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīngān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄍㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: singan
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^1$-kan$^1$
*** Yale: syīn-gān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shingan
*** Palladius: синьгань (sinʹganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵⁵ kän⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$心甘 心肝
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīngānr
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄍㄢㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: singanr
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^1$-kan$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: syīn-gānr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shingal
*** Palladius: синьганьр (sinʹganʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵⁵ kɑɻ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^1$ gon$^1$
*** Yale: sām gōn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^1$ gon$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^1$ gon$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm⁵⁵ kɔːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîm-kôn
*** Hakka Romanization System: xim$^ˊ$ gon$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xim$^1$ gon$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sim²⁴⁻¹¹ kon²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sim$^ˋ$ gon$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /sim⁵³ kon⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xim$^1$ gon$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sim⁴⁴ kɔn⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng-găng
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ⁵⁵ $^{(k-)}$ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^1$ gua$^1$ [Phonetic: sing$^5$ ngua$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sing-guaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ $^{(k-)}$ŋua⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^1$ guaⁿ$^1$ [Phonetic: sing$^5$ ngua$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ $^{(k-)}$ŋua⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sim-koaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: sim-kuann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: simkvoaf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sim⁴⁴⁻²² kuã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sim³³ kuã³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sim⁴⁴⁻²² kuã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sim⁴⁴⁻³³ kuã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sim⁴⁴⁻³³ kuã⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sim$^1$ guan$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sim kuaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /sim³³⁻²³ kũã³³/

### Noun

心肝
* (figurative) conscience
* (figurative) sincere affection
* (figurative) darling; honey; sweetheart
* (figurative) character (mental and ethical traits)
* (figurative, Southern Min, Eastern Min) mind
    From: 蘇打綠 (sodagreen), 無眠 (No Sleep)
    Tī lí ê sim-koaⁿ lāi, sī m̄ sī koh ū góa ê chûn-chāi? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Do I still exist in your mind?

#### Synonyms

* (conscience): 良心 (liángxīn)
* (character): 心地 (xīndì), 心腸／心肠 (xīncháng)
* (darling):
* 可愛 / 可爱 (kě'ài) (colloquial)
* 圞心 / 𪢮心 (lonn$^2$ sin$^1$) (Xiang)
* 圞心蒂子 / 𪢮心蒂子 (lonn$^2$ sin$^1$ di$^4$ zr) (Xiang)
* 寶寶 / 宝宝
* 寶貝 / 宝贝 (bǎobèi)
* 小心肝 (xiǎoxīngān) (figurative)
* 心肝寶貝 / 心肝宝贝 (xīngān bǎobèi)
* 甜心 (tiánxīn)
* 親愛的 / 亲爱的 (qīn'ài de)

#### Derived terms

* 全無心肝 / 全无心肝
* 別有心肝 / 别有心肝
* 壞心肝 / 坏心肝
* 小心肝 (xiǎoxīngān)
* 心肝不託著五臟 / 心肝不托着五脏
* 心肝寶貝 / 心肝宝贝 (xīngān bǎobèi)
* 心肝肉
* 懷心肝 / 怀心肝
* 槌心肝
* 水晶心肝玻璃人
* 沒心肝 / 没心肝
* 烏心肝 / 乌心肝
* 玻璃心肝
* 鐵石心肝 / 铁石心肝

### References

* “心肝”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 心 | 肝 |
| しん Grade: 2 | かん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんかん [shìńkáń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩŋkã̠ɴ]

### Noun

心(しん)肝(かん) • (shinkan)
* (anatomy) heart as an organ of the body
* heart as the center of emotion or thought

#### See also

* 肝心