# 過房
## Chinese
### Etymology

In ancient times, if a man had no children of his own, he might adopt the son of a brother, relative or someone else, so that he might have an heir.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guòfáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo$^3$ fong$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ko-fòng
    (Hailu, HRS): go$^ˇ$ fong
    (Meixian, Guangdong): guo$^4$ fong$^2$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): go$^4$ bang$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kèr-pâng / kè-pâng / kòe-pâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guê$^3$ bang$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ku-vaon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guòfáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guòfáng
*** Wade–Giles: kuo$^4$-fang$^2$
*** Yale: gwò-fáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guohfarng
*** Palladius: гофан (gofan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɔ⁵¹ fɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwo$^3$ fong$^4$
*** Yale: gwo fòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwo$^3$ fong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guo$^3$ fong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔː³³ fɔːŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-fòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: go fong$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: go$^4$ fong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ foŋ¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: go$^ˇ$ fong
*** Sinological IPA: /ko¹¹ foŋ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: guo$^4$ fong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fɔŋ¹¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: go$^4$ bang$^2$ [Phonetic: go$^4$ ang$^2$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: geo̍-báng
*** Sinological IPA : /ko⁴² $^{(p-)}$aŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: go$^4$ bang$^2$ [Phonetic: go$^1$ bhang$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kɵ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ $^{(p-)}$βaŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèr-pâng
*** Tâi-lô: kèr-pâng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ paŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-pâng
*** Tâi-lô: kè-pâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kea'paang
*** IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ paŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ paŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-pâng
*** Tâi-lô: kuè-pâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koea'paang
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ paŋ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²¹⁻⁵³ paŋ¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: guê$^3$ bang$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuè pâng
*** Sinological IPA : /kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ paŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ku-vaon
*** MiniDict: ku$^去$ vaon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ku-vaan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ku³³ vɑ̃⁴⁴/

### Verb

過房
* to adopt a young relative
* to give one's child to a relative for adoption; to have one's child adopted by a relative

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 過繼, 過房, 出繼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 過繼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 過房 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 過繼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 過繼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 過繼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 過房 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 過繼, 承繼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 過繼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 過繼 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 過繼 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 過房 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 過房 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 過房 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 過房 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 過房 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 過房 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 過房 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 過繼 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 過繼, 承繼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 過房, 過繼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 過房, 過, 傳房份 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 過房, 過 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 過房, 過, 傳房份 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 過房 |
| Wu | Danyang | 過繼 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 過繼 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 過繼, 出撫, 過房 |

#### Derived terms

* 過房兄弟 / 过房兄弟
* 過房兒子 / 过房儿子
* 過房囡 / 过房囡
* 過房囡兒 / 过房囡儿
* 過房娘 / 过房娘
* 過房爺 / 过房爷
* 過房親 / 过房亲

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “过房”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 222.