OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# exclusionary
## English
### Etymology

From exclusion +‎ -ary.

### Adjective

exclusionary (comparative more exclusionary, superlative most exclusionary)
* Acting to exclude something
    Social groups are often exclusionary.
** 2023 October 18, Dr David Turner, “Family values...”, in RAIL, number 994, page 46:For all the positive experiences that parents with young children have, more often rail travel is challenging, exhausting and exclusionary.

#### Antonyms

* inclusionary

#### Derived terms

* exclusionarily
* exclusionary rule
* nonexclusionary
* trans-exclusionary

#### See also

* exclusive
# 高壓
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gāoyā
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄠ ㄧㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gou$^1$ aat$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor$^1$ ah$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘-ap / ko-ap
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gāoyā
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ ㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gaoya
*** Wade–Giles: kao$^1$-ya$^1$
*** Yale: gāu-yā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gauia
*** Palladius: гаоя (gaoja)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gou$^1$ aat$^3$
*** Yale: gōu aat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gou$^1$ aat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gou$^1$ ad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kou̯⁵⁵ aːt̚³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gor$^1$ ah$^6$ [Phonetic: gor$^2$ ah$^6$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: go̤-ah
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒ⁵³³⁻¹³ aʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gor$^1$ ah$^6$ [Phonetic: gor$^2$ ah$^6$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒ⁵³³⁻¹³ aʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-ap
*** Tâi-lô: koo-ap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ko'ab
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³ ap̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-ap
*** Tâi-lô: ko-ap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koi'ab
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² ap̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ ap̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ ap̚³²/

### Noun

高壓
* high pressure
* (meteorology) high pressure
* (electricity) high voltage; high tension
* (medicine) systolic blood pressure
* (medicine) hypertension

#### Antonyms

* 低壓／低压 (dīyā)

#### Derived terms

* 高壓線 / 高压线 (gāoyāxiàn)
* 高壓鍋 / 高压锅 (gāoyāguō)
* 高壓電 / 高压电 (gāoyādiàn)

### Adjective

高壓
* (attributive) high-handed
# krivák
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkrivaːk]

### Noun

krivák m inan (diminutive kriváčik)
* clasp-knife

#### Declension
### Noun

krivák m pers
* (expressive) crook, rogue, trickster

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “krivák”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# قدوم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

قُدُوم • (qudūm) m
* verbal noun of قَدِمَ (qadima) and قَدَمَ (qadama) (form I)
* arrival; coming

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic *קדדומא (qaddūmā) from קְדַד (qəḏaḏ, “to cut, to tear”). Cognate to Arabic قَدَّ (qadda, “to cut”), compare Hebrew קדדם (“axe”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qad.duːm/, /qa.duːm/
* (Andalus) IPA: /qaj.duːm/

#### Noun

قَدُوم • (qadūm) f (plural قَدَائِم (qadāʔim) or قُدُم (qudum))
قَدُّوم • (qaddūm) f (plural قَدَادِيم (qadādīm))
* adze, pick

##### Descendants

* Maltese: qaduma
* Moroccan Arabic: قادوم (qādūm)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

قُدُوم • (qudūm) m pl
* plural of قَادِم (qādim)

#### Adjective

قُدُوم • (qudūm) m pl
* masculine plural of قَادِم (qādim)

### References

* Behnstedt, Peter, Woidich, Manfred (2012) Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte – Band II: Materielle Kultur (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 100/II) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 314–315
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قدوم”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 316
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 84
* Freytag, Georg (1835) “قدوم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 410
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “قدوم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, page 691
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قدوم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1008

## Chadian Arabic
### Etymology

Compare Maltese geddum (“chin; lower jaw; snout”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

قدوم • (gaddūm) m (plural قداديم (gadādīm))
* (anatomy) mouth
** 2019, الكتاب المقدس بالعربي الدارجي هنا تشاد [The Bible in Chadian Arabic]‎, N'Djamena: Alliance biblique du Tchad, رُؤية [Revelation] 13:2:وَ الْحَيْوَانْ دَا، هُو يِشَابِهْ مِثِلْ نِمِرْ وَ رِجِلَيْنَهْ مِثِلْ رِجِلَيْن الدُّبّ وَ قَدُّومَهْ مِثِلْ قَدُّومْ الدُّودْ. [...]wa l-haywān da, hu yišābih misil nimir wa rijilēnah misil rijilēn al-dubb wa gaddūmah misil gaddūm al-dūd. [...]And this animal, it resembles a leopard, its legs are like a bear's legs, and its mouth is like the mouth of a lion. [...]

### References

* Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎ (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 49
* Pommerol, Patrice Jullien de (1999) Dictionnaire Arabe Tchadien ~ Français (in French), Éditions Karthala, →ISBN, page 477
# helicopter parent
## English
### Etymology

From the tendency to hover over their children's lives, like a helicopter.

### Noun

helicopter parent (plural helicopter parents)
* A parent who pays an inordinate amount of attention to their children and often makes decisions, particularly educational ones, normally the province of the student.

#### Translations
### References

* Boston Globe, November 7, 2006. "'Helicopter' parents try too hard"
# shkëlqar
## Albanian
### Etymology

Derivative of shkëlqej.

### Verb

shkëlqár (aorist shkëlqara, participle shkëlqarë)
* (transitive) to shine, polish

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* shkëlqej
* qelq

### Further reading

* “shkëlqar”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
# ztlumit
## Czech
### Etymology

From z- +‎ tlumit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstlumɪt]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

ztlumit pf (imperfective tlumit or ztlumovat)
* to lower, soften, muffle (sound)
* to soften, cushion (impact)
* to dim (light)
* to soothe, assuage (feeling or pain)

#### Usage notes

* The usual term used as an imperfective form of ztlumit is tlumit rather than the rare term ztlumovat, which is considered non-standard.

#### Conjugation

infinitive
ztlumit, ztlumiti
active adjective
ztlumivší
verbal noun
ztlumení
passive adjective
ztlumený
present formsindicativeimperative
singularpluralsingularplural
1st person
ztlumímztlumíme—ztlumme
2nd person
ztlumíšztlumíteztlumztlumte
3rd person
ztlumíztlumí——
The verb ztlumit does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
participlespast participlespassive participles
singularpluralsingularplural
masculine animate
ztlumilztlumiliztlumenztlumeni
masculine inanimate
ztlumilyztlumeny
feminine
ztlumilaztlumena
neuter
ztlumiloztlumilaztlumenoztlumena
transgressives
present
past
masculine singular
—ztlumiv
feminine + neuter singular
—ztlumivši
plural
—ztlumivše :

### Further reading

* “ztlumiti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ztlumiti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# זמן
## Hebrew
### Etymology

Borrowed from Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ).

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /zman/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

זְמַן • (zmán) m (plural indefinite זְמַנִּים, singular construct זְמַן־, plural construct זְמַנֵּי־)
* (uncountable) time (inevitable passing of events)
    הזמן עובר מהר כשנהנים. ― haz'mán 'ovér mahér k'shenehením. ― Time passes fast when [you're] having fun.
* (countable) a time (duration of time)
    הגעת בזמן רע, אני עסוק. ― higa't(/a) biz'mán ra', aní 'asúk. ― You arrived(f/m) at a bad time, I'm busy.
    הקיץ זה זמן מצוין לצאת לחופשה. ― Summer is an excellent time to go on a vacation.
* (by extension) a time (measurement of a quantity of time)
    הרצה קבעה זמן מצוין. ― haratsá kav'á z'mán m'tsuyán. ― The runner set an excellent time.
* (grammar) a tense (verb form distinguishing time)
    כתבתי זה פועל בזמן עבר.katavtí ze po'ál biz'mán 'avárכתבתי (katavtí, “I wrote”) is a verb in the past tense.
* (usually in the plural) an era, times
    זמנים קשים. ― z'maním kashím ― Hard times.

#### Usage notes

* The lemma form is also spelled with a kamats under the mem i.e. זְמָן (z'mán).

#### Synonyms

* (a time): עֵת (et)

#### Derived terms

* זְמַן אֱמֶת (z'mán-emét)
* זְמַנִּי (“temporary”)
* זְמַן קָצָר (zman katzar)
* חֲבָל עַל הַזְּמַן (khavál 'al haz'mán)
* לוּחַ זְמַנִּים (lúakh z'maním)
* מִזְּמַן (miz'mán)
* עניין של זמן / עִנְיָן שֶׁל זְמַן (inyán shel z'mán)
* פֶּסֶק זְמַן (pesék zman)
* צִיר זְמַן (tsír zmán)
* רוּחַ הַזְּמַן (rúach hazmán)
* בַּזְמַן (bazmán, “on time”)

#### References

* H2165 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

## Yiddish
### Etymology

From Hebrew זְמַן (zəman).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zman/

### Noun

זמן • (zman) m, plural זמנים (zmanim) or זמנען (zmanen)
* term (period of time)
** 1946, I.J. Singer, “אַ ייד אַ מלמד פֿאַרגלוסט זיך צו ווערן אַ מלאך אום פּורים און פֿאַרלירט, נעבעך, אַן אויג”, in Fun a velt vos iz nishto mer:יעדן זמן אויפֿסניי, חול־המועד סוכות אָדער חול־המועד פּסח, בין איך געווען זייער האָפֿערדיק, וואָס מען האָט מיך גענומען איין מלמד און אָנגעדונגען צו אַן אַנדערן, גלײבנדיק, אַז דער נייער וועט זיין בעסער ווי דער אַלטער.yedn zman oyfsney, khalemoyed sukus oder khalemoyed peysekh, bin ikh geven zeyer hoferdik, vos men hot mikh genumen eyn melamed un ongedungen tsu an andern, gleybndik, az der nayer vet zeyn beser vi der alter.Every term anew, during the intermediary periods of Sukkot and Pesach, I was very confident in being taken from one melamed and given to another, believing the new one would be better than the old.
* term, semester (part of an academic year)
    Synonym: סעמעסטער (semester)
# amárico
## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* amhárico (nonstandard, rare)
* amharico (pre-reform spelling)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈma.ɾi.ku/
* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈma.ɾi.ku/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aˈma.ɾi.ko/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈma.ɾi.ku/
* Hyphenation: a‧má‧ri‧co

### Noun

amárico m (plural amáricos)
* Amharic (a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia)
** 1936 April 26, “A escravidão na Abyssinia no passado e no presente [The past and present of Abyssinian slavery]”, in Correio Paulistano‎, São Paulo:Seus templos assemelham-se ás igrejas dos abyssinios christãos mas nunca celebram seus ritos em publico, possuem livros escriptos em idioma amharico, respeitam as prescrições alimentares e as abluções […]Their temples are similar to the churches of Christian Abyssinians, but they never celebrate their rites in public, they possess books written in the Amharic language, they respect the dietary restrictions and the ablutions […]

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈmaɾiko/ [aˈma.ɾi.ko]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾiko
* Syllabification: a‧má‧ri‧co

### Noun

amárico m (uncountable)
* Amharic (language)

### Further reading

* “amárico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# granules
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

granules
* plural of granule

### Anagrams

* langures, laser gun, laser-gun, lasergun

## Catalan
### Verb

granules
* second-person singular present indicative of granular

## French
### Pronunciation

* Homophones: granule, granulent

### Noun

granules
* plural of granule

### Verb

granules
* second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of granuler

## Spanish
### Verb

granules
* second-person singular present subjunctive of granular
# trzaska
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʂas.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aska
* Syllabification: trzas‧ka

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trěska.

#### Noun

trzaska f
* sliver of wood
    Synonym: drzazga

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

trzaska
* third-person singular present of trzaskać

### Further reading

* trzaska in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 首先
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shǒuxiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄡˇ ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^2$ sin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sú-siên
    (Hailu, HRS): shiu$^ˊ$ sien$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): siu$^3$ seng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siú-sian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siu$^2$ soin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shǒuxiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄡˇ ㄒㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shǒusian
*** Wade–Giles: shou$^3$-hsien$^1$
*** Yale: shǒu-syān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shooushian
*** Palladius: шоусянь (šousjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^2$ sin$^1$
*** Yale: sáu sīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^2$ sin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^2$ xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯³⁵ siːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sú-siên
*** Hakka Romanization System: su$^ˋ$ xien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: su$^3$ xian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /su³¹ si̯en²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shiu$^ˊ$ sien$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃiu²⁴⁻³³ sien⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: siu$^3$ seng$^1$ [Phonetic: siu$^5$ seng$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: siû-seng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiu⁴⁵³⁻²¹ ɬɛŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: siu$^3$ seng$^1$ [Phonetic: siu$^5$ seng$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiu³³²⁻²¹ ɬɛŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siú-sian
*** Tâi-lô: siú-sian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siwsiefn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɛn⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siu$^2$ soin$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siú soiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /siu⁵²⁻³⁵ sõĩ³³/

### Adverb

首先
* first of all; first; firstly
       Shǒuxiān kàndào de shì Tàiwùshì Hé de chūhǎikǒu. [Pinyin]
       The first thing (I/we) saw was the estuary of Thames.
* primarily

#### Synonyms

* (Xiang) 先不先 (xiānbùxiān)
# beurs
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bøːrs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: beurs
* Rhymes: -øːrs
* Homophone: Beurs

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch borse, from Old French bourse, from Late Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa).

#### Noun

beurs f (plural beurzen, diminutive beursje n)
* a purse, both as object or capital
* various objects of similar shape
* a stock exchange or exchange market for goods; also used absolutely for the financial sector
* a fair, event or place where specific goods, services or know-how are physically presented and usually traded or bartered, often aimed at collectors; a trade fair
* a stipend provided by a foundation or other benefactor for a particular purpose, e.g. a scholarship

##### Derived terms

* beurzensnijder
- markets
* aandelenbeurs
* beursagent
* beurskrach
* beursbengel
* beurscommissie
* beurskoers
* beurskrach
* beursmakelaar
* beurswaarde
* goederenbeurs
* optiebeurs
- event
* boekenbeurs
* handelsbeurs
* ruilbeurs
* vakantiebeurs
* vakbeurs
* wijnbeurs
- stipend
* basisbeurs
* binnenbeurs
* doctoraatsbeurs
* studiebeurs

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: beurs
* Negerhollands: beers
* → Danish: børs
* → German: Börse
* → Norwegian: børs
* → Papiamentu: bèshi, bersji
* → Russian: би́ржа (bírža) (possibly via German) (see there for further descendants)
* → Swedish: börs
* → West Frisian: beurs

### Etymology 2

Unknown

#### Adjective

beurs (comparative beurser, superlative meest beurs or beurst)
* bruised, hence sore

##### Declension
## French
### Noun

beurs m
* plural of beur

### Anagrams

* rebus, rébus

## West Frisian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch beurs, from Middle Dutch borse, from Old French bourse, from Late Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbøəs/

### Noun

beurs c (plural beurzen, diminutive beurske)
* A purse.
* A stock exchange.
# תבנית
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /tavˈnit/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

תַּבְנִית • (tavnít) f (plural indefinite תַּבְנִיּוֹת)
* form, pattern, template
* (cooking) baking tray

### References

* H8403 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* “תבנית” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* תבנית אפייה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# qanik
## Greenlandic
### Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *qan(n)iГ (“falling snow, snowflake, snow”), from Proto-Eskimo *qaniɣ (“falling snow”). Compare qannerpoq (“snows”).

### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /qanik/, [qə.nɪk]

### Noun

qanik (plural qaniit)
* snowflake

#### Declension
### References

* qanik in Katersat
* “qanik“ in iserasuaat.gl
# 紅塗
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ang$^2$ tou$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): âng-thô͘
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ang$^2$ tou$^2$ [Phonetic: ang$^5$ nou$^2$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: áng-tó
*** Sinological IPA : /aŋ¹³⁻²¹ $^{(tʰ-)}$nɔu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-thô͘
*** Tâi-lô: âng-thôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: angtoo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²³⁻³³ tʰɔ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔ²⁴/

### Noun

紅塗
* (Hokkien, Puxian Min) red soil or earth

#### Synonyms

* 紅仁塗 / 红仁涂 (Hokkien)
* 紅土 / 红土 (hóngtǔ)
* 紅壤 / 红壤 (hóngrǎng)
* 紅赤仁塗 / 红赤仁涂 (Hokkien)

### References

* 東方孝義 (TŌHŌ Takayoshi) (1931) “紅土”, in 臺日新辭書 [New Taiwanese–Japanese dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: 臺灣警察協會, page 21
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “紅土”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 34
* “紅塗”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
# iḷagiññaq
## Inupiaq
### Etymology

iḷagit +‎ -ñaq

### Numeral

iḷagiññaq
* 400

#### Usage notes

Used in mathematics, and for counting in reindeer herding

#### Synonyms

* iñuiññakipiaq

#### Derived terms

* iḷagiññaġutaiḷaq 399 (400 − 1)
* iḷagiññaqpak 3,200,000 (400×8000)
* iḷagiññaqpakaippaq
* iḷagiññaqpakpiŋatchaq
# 閩越
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Mǐnyuè, Mínyuè
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄩㄝˋ, ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄩㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): man$^5$ jyut$^6$ / man$^4$ jyut$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Mìng-uŏk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mang$^2$ oeh$^7$ / mang$^2$ yeh$^7$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Bân-oa̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Mǐnyuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐnyuè
*** Wade–Giles: min$^3$-yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: mǐn-ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miinyueh
*** Palladius: миньюэ (minʹjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /min²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Mínyuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mínyuè
*** Wade–Giles: min$^2$-yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: mín-ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minyueh
*** Palladius: миньюэ (minʹjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /min³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$民樂 / 民乐 閩越 / 闽越
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: man$^5$ jyut$^6$ / man$^4$ jyut$^6$
*** Yale: máhn yuht / màhn yuht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: man$^5$ jyt$^9$ / man$^4$ jyt$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: men$^5$ yud$^6$ / men$^4$ yud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐn¹³ jyːt̚²/, /mɐn²¹ jyːt̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Mìng-uŏk
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ⁵³⁻³³ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋuoʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: mang$^2$ oeh$^7$ [Phonetic: mang$^5$ oeh$^7$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Máng-e̤̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ¹³⁻²¹ œʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: mang$^2$ yeh$^7$ [Phonetic: mang$^5$ yeh$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ¹³⁻²¹ yøʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-oa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Bân-ua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ban'oat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ban²⁴⁻²² uat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ban²⁴⁻²² uat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban¹³⁻²² uat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ban²⁴⁻¹¹ uat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban²³⁻³³ uat̚⁴/

### Proper noun

閩越
* Minyue (an ancient kingdom located in what is now the province of Fujian in southern China)

### References

* 閩越 / 闽越 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{zh}$
* Minyue on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# illido
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* inlīdō

### Etymology

From in- +‎ laedō

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ilˈliː.doː/, [ɪlˈlʲiːd̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ilˈli.do/, [ilˈliːd̪o]

### Verb

illīdō (present infinitive illīdere, perfect active illīsī, supine illīsum); third conjugation
* to strike or dash upon or against
** c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, Vita divi Augusti 23:Adeō dēnique cōnsternātum ferunt ut, per continuōs mēnsēs barbā capillōque summissō, caput interdum foribus illīderet, vōciferāns: “Quīntilī Vāre, legiōnēs redde!”It is said he [emperor Augustus] was so terribly disturbed that he let his hair and beard grow down, and that he would sometimes strike his head against doors yelling, "Quintilius Varus, give me back my legions!"
* to thump or bump against

#### Conjugation
### References

* “illido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* illido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# blossem
## German
### Adjective

blossem
* strong dative masculine/neuter singular of bloss

## Middle English
### Noun

blossem
* Alternative form of blosme

## West Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian *blōsm, *blōsma, from Proto-Germanic *blōstmô.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈblɔsəm/

### Noun

blossem c (plural blossems)
* blossom

#### Further reading

* “blossem”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
# po ptakach
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔ‿ˈpta.kax/
* Rhymes: -akax
* Syllabification: po‿pta‧kach

### Adverb

po ptakach (not comparable)
* (colloquial, idiomatic) Alternative form of po ptokach

### Further reading

* po ptakach in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* po ptakach in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# erstaufführen
## German
### Etymology

erste +‎ aufführen

### Verb

erstaufführen (irregular weak, third-person singular present erstaufführt, past tense erstaufführte, past participle erstaufgeführt, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to premiere something (a play, a piece of music, etc.)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Usage notes

* Chiefly used in the infinitive and the past participle. Preterite forms are attested, but exclusively in relative clauses, e.g. Das Stück, das sie gestern erstaufführten (The play which they premiered yesterday).

#### Synonyms

* uraufführen

#### Related terms

* Erstaufführung

### Further reading

* “erstaufführen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “erstaufführen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “erstaufführen” in Duden online
* “erstaufführen” in OpenThesaurus.de