# galga
## Basque
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

galga
* brake

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡalɣa̝/

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from galgar (“to gauge”).

#### Noun

galga f (plural galgas)
* (anatomy) arch of the foot or of a shoe
** (by extension) each one of the two semicircular spans of a traditional wheel
* flat stone used as a brick

##### Derived terms

* galguear
* galgueiro

##### Related terms

* galgar

### Etymology 2

Debated. Perhaps form galgo (“greyhound”), from Latin canem gallicum (“Gaulish dog”). Alternatively or concurrently from Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌲𐌰 (galga, “stake, pole”), or any other descendant from Proto-Germanic *galgô (“pole, stake, cross”), or from a cognate of Old French gall (“stone”) (compare French galet), perhaps of Celtic origin.
Cognate with Spanish galga.

#### Noun

galga f (plural galgas)
* rolling stone; any individual rock that rolls or is rolled down a hill, historically used as a weapon
** (figurative) cold gale
* stake which in traditional carts was used as a brake or restrain when descending
* (sports, traditional bowls) when the ball misses all the pins

##### Related terms

* galgo (“greyhound”)
* galocha (“clog”)
* galgueiro

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

galga
* inflection of galgar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “galga”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “galga”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “galga”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “galga”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Gothic
### Romanization

galga
* Romanization of 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌲𐌰

## Guugu Yimidhirr
### Alternative forms

* kalka (1898: Richard Phillips, ‘Vocabulary of Australian Aborigines in the neighbourhood of Cooktown, North Queensland’. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volume 27)

### Etymology

From Proto-Paman *kalka, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *kalka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡalɡa/

### Noun

galga
* spear

#### Synonyms

* gandul (avoidance language)

### See also

* banydyarr
* digarra
* murranggal
* yinba

### References

* Barry Alpher Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, edited by Claire Bowern and Harold Koch (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004)
* Haviland, John B. 1979. ‘Guugu Yimidhirr Sketch Grammar’. R. M. W. Dixon, B. Blake (eds.) Handbook of Australian Languages, Vol I.

## Old English
### Noun

galga m (Anglian)
* Alternative form of ġealga

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡaw.ɡɐ/ [ˈɡaʊ̯.ɡɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡaw.ɡɐ/ [ˈɡaʊ̯.ɡɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡaw.ɡa/ [ˈɡaʊ̯.ɡa]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɡal.ɡɐ/ [ˈɡaɫ.ɣɐ]
* Hyphenation: gal‧ga
* Rhymes: -alɡɐ, -awɡɐ

### Verb

galga
* inflection of galgar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Spanish
### Etymology

See galgo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡalɡa/ [ˈɡal.ɣ̞a]
* Rhymes: -alɡa
* Syllabification: gal‧ga

### Noun

galga f (plural galgas)
* greyhound bitch

### Further reading

* “galga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10