# 零

| 零 | U+96F6, &#38646; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F6 |
| ← 雵 [U+96F5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 雷 → [U+96F7] |
| 零 | U+F9B2, &#63922; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B2 |
| ← 鈴 [U+F9B1] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 靈 → [U+F9B3] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 零 |
| Simplified | 零 |
| Japanese | 零 |
| Korean | 零 |

### Alternative forms

In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese jiu zixing, the bottom component 令 is written 亼 + 𰆊, similar to its Kangxi dictionary form. In traditional Chinese as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, 令 is written 亼 + マ. In simplified Chinese, the component 令 is written 亽 + マ.

### Han character

零 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月人戈戈 (MBOII), four-corner 1030$_7$, composition ⿱⻗令)

#### Derived characters

* 㩕 㬡 㯪 澪 燯 鿅 䌢 䙥 䴫 䴇 蕶
* 𠏡 𠟨 𨞖 𪞮 𨗺 𤖜 𤾨 𥋞 𥖟 𥢴 𥼸 𦪩 𨆖 𨣖 𨭭 𩁎 𩟃 𩪥 𪋪
* 𮋔 𮘿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42242
* Dae Jaweon: page 1880, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 1
* Unihan data for U+96F6
* Unihan data for U+F9B2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 零 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 令 | *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
| 怜 | *riːn, *reːŋ |
| 零 | *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
| 魿 | *ɡriŋ, *reːŋ |
| 命 | *mreŋs |
| 冷 | *raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
| 跉 | *reŋ, *reːŋ |
| 嶺 | *reŋʔ |
| 領 | *reŋʔ |
| 阾 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
| 柃 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
| 袊 | *reŋʔ |
| 詅 | *reŋs, *reːŋ |
| 旍 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 舲 | *reːŋ |
| 齡 | *reːŋ |
| 囹 | *reːŋ |
| 鴒 | *reːŋ |
| 蛉 | *reːŋ |
| 鈴 | *reːŋ |
| 苓 | *reːŋ |
| 伶 | *reːŋ |
| 泠 | *reːŋ |
| 瓴 | *reːŋ |
| 拎 | *reːŋ |
| 刢 | *reːŋ |
| 玲 | *reːŋ |
| 聆 | *reːŋ |
| 竛 | *reːŋ |
| 軨 | *reːŋ |
| 笭 | *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
| 翎 | *reːŋ |
| 閝 | *reːŋ |
| 鹷 | *reːŋ |
| 昤 | *reːŋ |
| 駖 | *reːŋ |
| 彾 | *reːŋ |
| 呤 | *reːŋ |
| 狑 | *reːŋ |
| 秢 | *reːŋ |
| 岭 | *reːŋ |
| 紷 | *reːŋ |
| 砱 | *reːŋ |
| 羚 | *reːŋ |
| 姈 | *reːŋ |
| 蕶 | *reːŋ |
| 澪 | *reːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). On the oracle bone script, only thick raindrops are depicted falling from the sky.

### Etymology 1

Unclear. Schuessler (2007) proposes several possibilities:
* From Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ភ្លៀង (phliəng, “rain”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(p)liɲ ~ *(p)liəɲ ~ (p)liiɲ (“sky, rain”).
* Possibly related to Jingpho marang (“rain”), for which STEDT sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-raŋ (“rain”). Starostin also relates it to this Jingpho word and sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rēŋ (“to drop”), also comparing Tibetan སྤྲིན (sprin, “cloud”) and Burmese ရည် (rany, “liquid; juice”).
* Possibly related to 隕 (OC *ɢunʔ, “to drop”) and 霣 (OC *ɢunʔ, “to rain; to fall down like rain”) if one assumes Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/s/g-wa (“water; rain”) (or its variant *rwe-) can be simplified to *re- and *we-.
Sense "zero" is introduced in 1248 by Chinese mathematician Li Ye.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): líng (ling$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nin$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лин (lin, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ling$^4$ / leng$^4$ / leng$^{4-2}$ / leng$^{4-1}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): len$^3$ / liang$^3$ / liang$^{3*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lin$^4$ / liang$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): làng
    (Hailu, HRS): lang
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lang$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ling$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): lâing
* Eastern Min (BUC): lìng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): leng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lêng / lân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lêng$^5$ / lang$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$lin / $^2$lin
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lin$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: líng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: líng
*** Wade–Giles: ling$^2$
*** Yale: líng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
*** Palladius: лин (lin)
*** Sinological IPA : /liŋ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nin$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lin
*** Sinological IPA : /nin²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лин (lin, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /liŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ling$^4$ / leng$^4$ / leng$^{4-2}$ / leng$^{4-1}$
*** Yale: lìhng / lèhng / léng / lēng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ling$^4$ / leng$^4$ / leng$^{4-2}$ / leng$^{4-1}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ling$^4$ / léng$^4$ / léng$^{4-2}$ / léng$^{4-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɪŋ²¹/, /lɛːŋ²¹/, /lɛːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/, /lɛːŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
* ling4 - literary;
* leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
* Middle Chinese: leng, lengH
Rime :
| Character | 零 | 零 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 郎丁切 | 郎定切 |
| Baxter | leng | lengH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /leŋ/ | /leŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /leŋ/ | /leŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛŋ/ | /lɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛjŋ/ | /lɛjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /leŋ/ | /leŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lieŋ/ | /lieŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lieŋ/ | /lieŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | líng | lìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ling$^4$ | ling$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤiŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*reːŋ/, /*reːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 零 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | líng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ leng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁiŋ/ |
| English | fall (v., of rain) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 零 | 零 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 8305 | 8331 |
| Phonetic component | 令 | 令 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靈 | 零 |
| Old Chinese | /*reːŋ/ | /*reːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

零
* fragmentary; scattered
    零星 ― língxīng ― fragmentary
* fraction; remainder
* zero [from 1248]
    Alternative form: 〇
    Coordinate terms: 正數 / 正数 (zhèngshù), 負數 / 负数 (fùshù)
    Hypernyms: 實數 / 实数 (shíshù), 有理數 / 有理数 (yǒulǐshù), 整數 / 整数 (zhěngshù)
    一減一等於零。／一减一等于零。 ― Yī jiǎn yī děngyú líng. ― One minus one equals zero.
    三點零五分／三点零五分 ― sān diǎn líng wǔ fēn ― three oh five
    七百零三 ― qī bǎi líng sān ― seven hundred and three
    二零零一年 ― èrlínglíngyī nián ― year 2001
    從零開始／从零开始 ― cóng líng kāishǐ ― Start from scratch
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Eastern Min) Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.
    廿零蚊 [Cantonese] ― jaa$^6$ leng$^4$ man$^1$ [Jyutping] ― twenty-something dollars
    分零兩分鐘／分零两分钟 [Cantonese] ― fan$^1$ leng$^4$ loeng$^5$ fan$^1$ zung$^1$ [Jyutping] ― one to two minutes
    七十零 [Cantonese] ― cat$^1$ sap$^6$ leng$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― seventy-something
* (gay slang) bottom
    Alternative form: 0
* (obsolete) drizzle
* (literary, of precipitation or tears) to fall
    感激涕零 ― gǎnjītìlíng ― grateful to tears
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Niàn bǐ gòng rén, tì líng rú yǔ. [Pinyin]
    I think of those [at court] in their offices, And my tears flow down like rain.
    From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng) (Zhuge Liang), 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)
    Jīn dāng yuǎnlí, lín biǎo tì líng, bù zhī suǒ yán. [Pinyin]
    Now I must leave [for battle] far away. As I face this memorial, my tears fall, and I know not what I have said.
* (of plants or flowers) to wither and fall
    凋零 ― diāolíng ― to wither and fall
* (Cantonese, cant, in 之辰代碼 / 之辰代码) six
    斗零 [Cantonese] ― dau$^2$ ling$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― five-cent coin (literally, “[coin with mass of] 3 candareens and 6 cash”)
* a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 零, 洞 as a digit |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 零 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 零 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 零 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 零 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 零 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 零 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 零 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 零 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 零 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 零 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 零 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 零 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 零 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 零 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 零 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 零 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 零 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 零 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 零 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 零 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 零 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 零 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 零 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 零 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 零 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 零 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 零 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 零 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 零 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 零 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 零 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 零 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 零 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 零 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 零 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 零 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 零 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 零 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 零 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 零 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 零, 環 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 空, 零 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 空 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 空 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 空 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 空 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 空 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 空 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 空 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 空 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 空 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 空 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 空 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 空 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 零 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 空, 零 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 空, 零 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 零 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 零 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 零 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 零 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 零 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 零 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 零 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 零 |

#### Compounds

* 一零兒 / 一零儿
* 丁零 (dīnglíng)
* 七零九 (Qīlíngjiǔ)
* 七零九所 (Qīlíngjiǔsuǒ)
* 七零八散
* 七零八落 (qīlíngbāluò)
* 三零四散
* 不零不搭
* 不零不落
* 五零四散
* 先零
* 凋零 (diāolíng)
* 化整為零 / 化整为零 (huàzhěngwéilíng)
* 化零為整 / 化零为整
* 半零不落
* 合零為整 / 合零为整
* 奇零 (jīlíng)
* 孤孤零零
* 孤苦零丁 (gūkǔlíngdīng)
* 孤零零
* 家業凋零 / 家业凋零
* 小零兒 / 小零儿
* 彫零 / 雕零
* 感激涕零 (gǎnjītìlíng)
* 手零腳碎 / 手零脚碎
* 抹零 (mǒlíng)
* 拆零 (chāilíng)
* 拾零 (shílíng)
* 掛零 / 挂零
* 書劍飄零 / 书剑飘零
* 有零 (yǒulíng)
* 望秋先零
* 東零西散 / 东零西散
* 東零西落 / 东零西落
* 歸零 / 归零 (guīlíng)
* 涕淚交零 / 涕泪交零
* 涕零 (tìlíng)
* 淅留淅零
* 淋零
* 淅零淅留
* 淅零零
* 湖海飄零 / 湖海飘零
* 滴零搭拉
* 漂零蓬斷 / 漂零蓬断
* 琴劍飄零 / 琴剑飘零
* 畸零
* 畸零地
* 破零三亂 / 破零三乱
* 破零二落
* 稀零 (xīlíng)
* 粉零麻碎
* 絕對零度 / 绝对零度 (juéduì língdù)
* 藕零兒 / 藕零儿
* 雞零狗碎 / 鸡零狗碎
* 雨零星散
* 零丁 (língdīng)
* 零七八碎
* 零丁孤苦
* 零丁洋 (Língdīngyáng)
* 零下 (língxià)
* 零亂 / 零乱 (língluàn)
* 零付款
* 零件 (língjiàn)
* 零係數 / 零系数
* 零利
* 零吃 (língchī)
* 零和 (línghé)
* 零售 (língshòu)
* 零售價格 / 零售价格
* 零售價 / 零售价 (língshòujià)
* 零售商 (língshòushāng)
* 零售市場 / 零售市场
* 零售店 (língshòudiàn)
* 零售業 / 零售业 (língshòuyè)
* 零售點 / 零售点
* 零嘴 (língzuǐ)
* 零基預算 / 零基预算
* 零存整付
* 零工 (línggōng)
* 零布
* 零座
* 零庫存 / 零库存
* 零打碎敲
* 零散
* 零敲碎打
* 零數 / 零数
* 零方案
* 零星 (língxīng)
* 零時 / 零时 (língshí)
* 零替
* 零活 (línghuó)
* 零淚 / 零泪
* 零用 (língyòng)
* 零用金
* 零用錢/零用钱
* 零碎 (língsuì)
* 零碼 / 零码 (língmǎ)
* 零稅率 / 零税率
* 零組件 / 零组件 (língzǔjiàn)
* 零線 / 零线 (língxiàn)
* 零缺點 / 零缺点
* 零聲母 / 零声母 (língshēngmǔ)
* 零股交易
* 零花 (línghuā)
* 零落 (língluò)
* 零落山丘
* 零賣 / 零卖
* 零部件 (língbùjiàn)
* 零配件
* 零錢 / 零钱 (língqián)
* 零雨
* 零零七
* 零零散散
* 零零星星 (línglíngxīngxīng)
* 零零碎碎
* 零零落落
* 零頭 / 零头 (língtóu)
* 零食 (língshí)
* 零餘子 / 零余子
* 零點 / 零点 (língdiǎn)
* 飄零 / 飘零 (piāolíng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 零(れい) (rei)
* → Korean: 령(零) (ryeong)
* → Vietnamese: linh (零)
Others:
* → Bouyei: lingz
* → Lü: ᦟᦲᧃᧉ (liin²)
* → Zhuang: lingz

#### See also

Chinese numbers :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10$^2$ | 10$^3$ | 10$^4$ | 10$^6$ | 10$^8$ | 10$^{12}$ |
| Normal (小寫 / 小写) | 〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩 / 两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) | 百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) | 億 / 亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China) |
| Financial (大寫 / 大写) | 零 | 壹 | 貳 / 贰 | 參 / 叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸 / 陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | 萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) | 百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) | 億 / 亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China) |

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lián (lian$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lin$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lián
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lián
*** Wade–Giles: lien$^2$
*** Yale: lyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lian
*** Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lin$^4$
*** Yale: lìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: len
Rime :
| Character | 零 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 落賢切 |
| Baxter | len |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /len/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /len/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /len/ |
| Wang Li | /lien/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lin$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*riːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 零 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| No. | 8273 |
| Phonetic component | 令 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蓮 |
| Old Chinese | /*riːŋ/ |

#### Definitions

零
* Only used in 先零／先零 and 西零／西零 (Xīlián).

### References

* “零”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* spill
* zero

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng); compare Mandarin 零 (líng):
* Go-on: りょう (ryō)
* Kan-on: れい (rei, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC len); compare Mandarin 零 (lián):
* Go-on: れん (ren)
* Kan-on: れん (ren)
From native Japanese roots:
* Kun: こぼす (kobosu, 零す)、こぼる (koboru, 零る)、こぼれる (koboreru, 零れる)、おちる (ochiru, 零ちる)、あゆ (ayu, 零ゆ)、あえる (aeru, 零える)、あえす (aesu, 零えす)、あやす (ayasu, 零やす)、しずく (shizuku, 零)、ゼロ (zero, 零)

#### Compounds

* 零(れい)雨(う) (reiu)
* 零(れい)下(か) (reika): sub-zero
* 零(れい)砕(さい) (reisai)
* 零(れい)細(さい) (reisai)
* 零(れい)散(さん) (reisan)
* 零(れい)星(せい) (reisei)
* 零(れい)戦(せん) (Reisen)
* 零(れい)楮(ちょ) (reicho)
* 零(れい)凋(ちょう) (reichō)
* 零(れい)丁(てい) (reitei) (令(れい)丁(てい))
* 零(れい)点(てん) (reiten)
* 零(れい)度(ど) (reido)
* 零(れい)敗(はい) (reihai)
* 零(れい)廃(はい) (reihai)
* 零(れい)買(ばい) (reibai)
* 零(れい)売(ばい) (reibai)
* 零(れい)封(ふう) (reifū)
* 零(れい)墨(ぼく) (reiboku)
* 零(れい)本(ほん) (reihon)
* 零(れい)余(よ) (reiyo)
* 零(れい)落(らく) (reiraku)
* 零(れい)乱(らん) (reiran)
* 零(れい)涙(るい) (reirui)
* 零(れい)露(ろ) (reiro)
* 零(ゼロ)戦(せん) (Zerosen)
* 零(ゼロ)和(わ) (zerowa): zero-sum
* 先(せん)零(れん) (Senren)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 零
* れい Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng) with an original meaning of a small rainfall. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician Li Ye as a placeholder, extending from its a little bit (of rain) meaning to indicate a bit more remaining. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as 三百零二 (èr), literally three hundred and remaining two, with the 零 character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating zero tens. It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of zero.

#### Alternative forms

* 〇

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) れー [réꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɾe̞ː]

#### Noun

零(れい) • (rei)
* zero

#### Numeral

零(れい) • (rei)
* zero

##### Usage notes

The 〇 spelling is more common in numeric notation.

#### Proper noun

零(れい) • (Rei)
* a male given name

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 零
* こぼ(し) Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. :
| 【零こぼし】 | [noun] a spill (implying intent or fault by someone) [noun] grumbling (as when one's emotions overflow) [verb] stem or continuative form of 零す (kobosu) [godan] Alternative spellings 溢し, 翻し |
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 零
* こぼ(れ) Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. :
| 【零こぼれ】 | [noun] a spill (implying a natural or unintended event) [noun] remainder, leftover [verb] imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of 零れる (koboreru) [ichidan] Alternative spelling 翻れ |
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 零
* ぜろ Grade: S (ateji)
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 零 – see the following entry. :
| 【ゼロ】 | [numeral] zero (number) [numeral] (informal) Used to refer to something measurable being absent or missing. Alternative spelling 〇 |
(This term, 零, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### See also

v • d • eJapanese numbers :
| Number | Kanji | Kana | Romaji |
| 0 | 零 | れい、ゼロ | rei, zero |
| 1 | 一、壱、弌、壹 | いち | ichi |
| 2 | 二、弐、貳、貮 | に | ni |
| 3 | 三、参 | さん | san |
| 4 | 四、肆 | よん、し | yon, shi |
| 5 | 五、伍 | ご | go |
| 6 | 六、陸 | ろく | roku |
| 7 | 七、漆 | なな、しち | nana, shichi |
| 8 | 八、捌 | はち | hachi |
| 9 | 九、玖 | きゅう、く | kyū, ku |
| 10 | 十、拾 | じゅう | jū |
| 100 | 百、陌、佰 | ひゃく | hyaku |
| 1,000 | 千、阡、仟 | せん | sen |
| 10,000 | 一万、万、一萬、萬 | いちまん、まん | ichiman, man |
| 100,000,000 | 一億、億 | いちおく、おく | ichioku, oku |

### References

* ↑ 1999, 「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和 ("Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu, “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, Tōkyō: Toyo Shoten, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 零 (MC leng|lengH).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾjʌ̹ŋ] ~ [jʌ̹ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [령/영]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 零 (eumhun 떨어질 령 (tteoreojil ryeong), word-initial (South Korea) 떨어질 영 (tteoreojil yeong))
* hanja form of 령/영 (“zero”)

##### Compounds

* 고고영정(孤苦零丁) (gogoyeongjeong)
* 단간영묵(斷簡零墨) (dan'ganyeongmuk)
* 영간(零簡) (yeonggan)
* 영견(零絹) (yeonggyeon)
* 영견잔묵(零絹殘墨) (yeonggyeonjanmuk)
* 영도(零度) (yeongdo)
* 영락(零落) (yeongnak)
* 영락소지(零落掃地) (yeongnaksoji)
* 영령쇄쇄(零零瑣瑣) (yeongnyeongswaeswae)
* 영령쇄쇄(零零碎碎) (yeongnyeongswaeswae)
* 영령쇄쇄(零靈碎碎) (yeongnyeongswaeswae)
* 영로(零露) (yeongno)
* 영루(零淚) (yeongnu)
* 영매(靈買) (yeongmae)
* 영매(靈賣) (yeongmae)
* 영매소(零賣所) (yeongmaeso)
* 영묵(零墨) (yeongmuk)
* 영본(零本) (yeongbon)
* 영산(零散) (yeongsan)
* 영상(零上) (yeongsang)
* 영선(零羨) (yeongseon)
* 영성(零星) (yeongseong)
* 영세(零細) (yeongse)
* 영쇄(零瑣) (yeongswae)
* 영쇄(零碎) (yeongswae)
* 영순위(零順位) (yeongsunwi)
* 영시(零時) (yeongsi)
* 영여(零餘) (yeong'yeo)
* 영염(零染) (yeong'yeom)
* 영우(零雨) (yeong'u)
* 영원(零元) (yeong'won)
* 영잔(零殘) (yeongjan)
* 영재(零在) (yeongjae)
* 영적(零賊) (yeongjeok)
* 영전(零錢) (yeongjeon)
* 영점(零點) (yeongjeom)
* 영정(零丁) (yeongjeong)
* 영정고고(零丁孤苦) (yeongjeonggogo)
* 영제(零濟) (yeongje)
* 영조(零凋) (yeongjo)
* 영조(零條) (yeongjo)
* 영조(零糶) (yeongjo)
* 영즉필휴(零則必虧) (yeongjeukpilhyu)
* 영체(零替) (yeongche)
* 영추(零墜) (yeongchu)
* 영축(零縮) (yeongchuk)
* 영타(零唾) (yeongta)
* 영하(零下) (yeongha)
* 영헐(零歇) (yeongheol)
* 자령(自零) (jaryeong)
* 정령(丁零) (jeongnyeong)
* 조령(凋零) (joryeong)
* 칠령팔락(七零八落) (chillyeongpallak)
* 표령(飄零) (pyoryeong)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 零 (MC len).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾjʌ̹n] ~ [jʌ̹n]
* Phonetic hangul: [련/연]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 零 (eumhun 종족 이름 련 (jongjok ireum ryeon), word-initial (South Korea) 종족 이름 연 (jongjok ireum yeon))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
* Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005).

## Vietnamese
### Han character

零: Hán Nôm readings: lênh, linh, rinh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.