# mud
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: mŭd, IPA: /mʌd/
* (Northern England) IPA: /mʊd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌd
* Homophone: MUD

### Etymology 1

From Middle English mud, mudde, mode, probably a borrowing from Middle Dutch mod, modde or Middle Low German mudde, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *mud-, *mudra- (“mud”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mū-, *mew- (“moist”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Mudde (“mud”), Middle High German mot (“mud”), Swedish modd (“slush”). Compare also suffixed variants West Frisian modder (“mud”), Dutch modder (“mud”), German Low German Mudder (“mud”), German Moder (“moldiness, mildew, decay”), English mother (“vinegar-forming sediment in alcohol”), Danish mudder (“mud”). Alternative etymology suggests the Proto-Germanic word is possibly borrowed from a Uralic language (compare e.g. Finnish muta (“mud”), Northern Sami mođđi (“mud”), from Proto-Uralic *muďa).

#### Noun

mud (countable and uncountable, plural muds)
* A mixture of water and soil or fine grained sediment.
* A plaster-like mixture used to texture or smooth drywall.
* (slang, construction) Wet concrete as it is being mixed, delivered and poured.
* (figuratively) Willfully abusive, even slanderous remarks or claims, notably between political opponents.
    The campaign issues got lost in all the mud from both parties.
* (slang) Money, dough, especially when proceeding from dirty business.
* (gay sex, slang) Stool that is exposed as a result of anal sex.
* (geology) A particle less than 62.5 microns in diameter, following the Wentworth scale
* (slang, derogatory, ethnic slur) A black person.
** 2013, Bill Pezza, Homegrown:That includes muds, spics, kikes and niggers.
** 2015, Christian Picciolini, Romantic Violence: Memoirs of an American Skinhead:How could they be so gullible to think peace and love could be achieved with the muds burning down our cities […]
* Drilling fluid.
* (slang, originally US) Coffee.
* (slang) Opium.
** 1951 December 20, William S. Burroughs, “To Allen Ginsberg”, in Oliver Harris, editor, The Letters of William S. Burroughs, 1945–1959, New York: Penguin, published 1993, →ISBN, page 98:Of course, I take a bang or some mud in coffee now and then, and I pick up on gage right smart.
** [1977 [1953], William S. Burroughs, edited by Allen Ginsberg, Junky, Penguin Books, →ISBN, Glossary, page 153:Brown Stuff, or Mud . . . Opium]
* (slang) Heroin.

##### Derived terms

* as happy as a pig in mud
* bemud
* black mud
* clear as mud
* drag through the mud
* giant mud crab
* grass mud horse
* happy as a pig in mud
* here's mud in your eye
* magic mud
* Mexican mud turtle
* Mississippi mud pie
* mud and stud
* mud army
* mudball
* mudbank
* mud bath
* mudboat
* mud bog
* mud bogger
* mud bogging
* mudbrick
* mudbucket
* mudbug
* mud cake
* mudcaked
* mudcap
* mud carp
* mudcat
* mudcloth
* mud cone
* mud cookie
* mudcovered
* mud crab (Panopeidae spp., Xanthidae spp., etc)
* mudcrack
* mud cracking
* mud-crusher
* mud dauber (Sphecidae spp. or Crabronidae spp.)
* mudden
* muddily
* muddish
* mud dome
* mud dragon
* mud drum
* mud duck
* mud-dwelling
* muddy
* muddy the waters
* mud eel
* mudeo
* mud-eye
* mud fence
* mud fever
* mud fight
* mudfish
* mud flap
* mudflap
* mud flat
* mudflat
* mud flood
* mudflow
* mudguard
* mudgut
* mudheap
* mud hen
* mudhen
* mud-hogs
* mudhole
* mudhook
* mudhopper
* mudhouse
* mud kicker, mud-kicker, mudkicker
* mud kitchen
* mudland
* mudlark
* mudless
* mudlike
* mudlined
* mud lobster (Axiidea spp., Gebiidea spp.)
* mudlogger
* mudlogging
* mud machine
* mudman
* mud map
* mudminnow
* mud minnow
* mud monkey
* mudnester
* mud on one's boots
* mud out
* mudpack
* mud pie
* mud pie argument
* mud plantain (Heteranthera spp.)
* mud plug
* mud pool
* mud pot
* mudpot
* mudprawn
* mudproof
* mudpuddle
* mud pump
* mudpuppy, mud puppy, mud-puppy (Proteidae spp.)
* mud purslane
* mud riding
* mudrock
* mud-roofed
* mudroom
* mud room
* mud run
* mudscape
* mudscow
* mud scow, mud-scow
* mud season
* mud sedge (Carex limosa)
* mud shark
* mudshark
* mud sharking
* mudsill
* mud skate
* mudskipper (Oxudercinae)
* mud slab
* mudsled
* mud sled
* mudslide
* mud slide
* mudslime
* mudslinger
* mudslinging
* mud slogger
* mudslum
* mudsnail
* mudsnake
* mud snake
* mudspate
* mudstain
* mudstained
* mud sticks
* mudstone
* mud student
* mudsucker
* mud sunfish (Acantharchus pomotis)
* mud turtle (Kinosternon spp.)
* mud volcano
* mudwall
* mudwalled
* mud wasp (Sphecidae spp., Crabronidae spp.)
* mud water
* mudworm
* mudwort
* mudwrestler
* mud wrestler
* mud wrestler's rash
* mud wrestling
* name is mud
* nonmud
* Oaxaca mud turtle (Kinosternon oaxacae)
* one's name is mud
* pluff mud
* red mud
* sea mud
* stick in the mud, stick-in-the-mud
* stuck in the mud
* throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick
* Vallarta mud turtle (Kinosternon vogti)

##### Related terms

* muddle

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

mud (third-person singular simple present muds, present participle mudding, simple past and past participle mudded)
* (transitive) To make muddy or dirty; to apply mud to (something).
* (transitive) To make turbid.
* (intransitive) To go under the mud, as an eel does.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Dutch mud, from West Germanic, from Latin modius. Doublet of modius and muid.

#### Noun

mud (plural muds or mudden)
* (historical) A traditional Dutch unit of dry measure of variable size, frequently about 3 bushels.
* (historical) A traditional Dutch unit of land area, vaguely reckoned as the amount of land required to sow a mud of seed.
* (historical) A kind of box traditionally used in the Netherlands for measuring muds.

##### Synonyms

* Dutch bushel, bushel, muid (Dutch contexts)

### Etymology 3

From MUD.

#### Verb

mud (third-person singular simple present muds, present participle mudding, simple past and past participle mudded)
* (intransitive, Internet) To participate in a MUD or multi-user dungeon.
** 1997, Philip Agre, Douglas Schuler, Reinventing technology, rediscovering community, page 153:Wizards, in general, have a very different experience of mudding than other players. Because of their palpable and extensive extra powers over other players, and because of their special role in MUD society, they are frequently treated differently […]

### References

* ↑ Aikio, Ante. 2002. "New and Old Samoyed Etymologies". Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen 57, pp. 9–57.

### Further reading

* “mud n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

### Anagrams

* DMU, UMD, dum

## Breton
### Adjective

mud
* mute

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* mudde

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch mudde, from Latin modius (“bushel”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʏt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: mud
* Rhymes: -ʏt

### Noun

mud n (plural mudden, diminutive mudje n or muddeken n)
* an old measure of volume, varying in content over time and regions; nowadays usually 1 hectoliter
    Een mud is zo'n 70 kilo aardappelenOne mud is about 70 kg of potatoes
* a wooden container having such content; again used as measure for bulk wares sold in it, such as cereals
* a land measure, presumably supposedly the area sown with that much seed
* a small measure for liquids, about 1 deciliter

#### Derived terms

* mudderecht n
* mudszak m
* korenmud n

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: mud

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Arabic مُدّ (mudd, “a certain dry measure”)

### Noun

mud (plural mud-mud)
* (Islam) a dry measure (for dates, water, grains, and other things) varying in size, roughly around 510 grams.
    Satu sha' setara dengan empat mud ― One ṣāʿ is equivalent to 4 mudd

### Further reading

* “mud” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Sumerian
### Romanization

mud
* Romanization of 𒄷𒄭 (mud)

## Volapük
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mud]

### Noun

mud
* mouth

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh mut, from Proto-Brythonic *mʉd, from Latin mūtus.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /mɨːd/
* (South Wales) IPA: /miːd/
* Rhymes: -ɨːd

### Adjective

mud (feminine singular mud, plural mudion, not comparable)
* mute, dumb, silent (unable or unwilling to speak)

#### Derived terms

* mudan
* mudanes
* mudydd

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “mud”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies