# brach
## English
### Etymology 1

Originally in plural, from Old French brachez, plural of brachet, a diminutive of Occitan brac, from Frankish. Cognate to the German Bracke. More at brachet.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɹæt͡ʃ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ætʃ

#### Noun

brach (plural brachs or braches)
* (archaic) A hound; especially a female hound used for hunting, a bitch hound.
** c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], lines 109-111:FOOL: Truth's a dog that must to kennel; he must be whipped out, when Lady, the brach, may stand by the fire and stink.
** c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi]:Mastiffe, Grey-hound, Mongrill, Grim, / Hound or Spaniell, Brache, or Hym […] .
** 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:, NYRB 2001, vol.1 p.331:
    A sow-pig by chance sucked a brach, and when she was grown, “would miraculously hunt all manner of deer, and that as well, or rather better than any ordinary hound.”
* (archaic, derogatory) A despicable or disagreeable woman.
** 1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], Wuthering Heights: […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC:Now, was it not the depth of absurdity—of genuine idiotcy, for that pitiful, slavish, mean-minded brach to dream that I could love her?

##### Synonyms

* bitch

#### See also

* brachet

### Etymology 2

Clipping of brachiopod.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɹæk/
* Rhymes: -æk

#### Noun

brach (plural brachs)
* (paleontology, informal) brachiopod

### Anagrams

* B.Arch., Barch

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech brach. By surface analysis, bratr (“brother”) +‎ -ch.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbrax]
* Hyphenation: brach

### Noun

brach m anim
* (colloquial) bro
* (colloquial) guy

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “brach”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “brach”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “brach”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /braːx/, [bʁaːχ]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Backformation from brachliegen, from in Brache liegen, from the noun Brache (“fallow land, fallowness”). Cognate with Dutch braak. Related with brechen (etymology 2).

#### Adjective

brach (strong nominative masculine singular bracher, not comparable)
* fallow
    Synonyms: unbestellt, unbebaut

##### Derived terms

* Brachland

##### Related terms

* Brache
* brachliegen (brach liegen)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

brach
* first/third-person singular preterite of brechen

## Irish
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

brach m (genitive singular bracha)
* pus
* discharge from eyes during sleep

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
nominative
brach
vocative
a bhrach
genitive
bracha
dative
brach
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative
an brach
genitive
an bhracha
dative
leis an mbrach don bhrach :

##### Derived terms

* brachaí (“bleary”, adjective) (of eyes)
* brachshúileach (“blear-eyed”, adjective)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

brach f (genitive singular braiche)
* Alternative form of braich (“malt”)

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
nominative
brach
vocative
a bhrach
genitive
braiche
dative
brach
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative
an bhrach
genitive
na braiche
dative
leis an mbrach don bhrach :

#### Verb

brach (present analytic brachann, future analytic brachfaidh, verbal noun brachadh, past participle brachta)
* (ambitransitive) Alternative form of braich (“malt”)

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh | brachadh |
| past participle | brachta | brachta | brachta | brachta | brachta | brachta | brachta | brachta |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | brachaim | brachann tú; brachair$^†$ | brachann sé, sí | brachaimid | brachann sibh | brachann siad; brachaid$^†$ | a bhrachann; a bhrachas / a mbrachann* | brachtar |
| past | bhrach mé; bhrachas | bhrach tú; bhrachais | bhrach sé, sí | bhrachamar; bhrach muid | bhrach sibh; bhrachabhair | bhrach siad; bhrachadar | a bhrach / ar bhrach* | brachadh |
| past habitual | bhrachainn / mbrachainn‡‡ | bhrachtá / mbrachtá‡‡ | bhrachadh sé, sí / mbrachadh sé, sí‡‡ | bhrachaimis; bhrachadh muid / mbrachaimis‡‡; mbrachadh muid‡‡ | bhrachadh sibh / mbrachadh sibh‡‡ | bhrachaidís; bhrachadh siad / mbrachaidís‡‡; mbrachadh siad‡‡ | a bhrachadh / a mbrachadh* | bhrachtaí / mbrachtaí‡‡ |
| future | brachfaidh mé; brachfad | brachfaidh tú; brachfair$^†$ | brachfaidh sé, sí | brachfaimid; brachfaidh muid | brachfaidh sibh | brachfaidh siad; brachfaid$^†$ | a bhrachfaidh; a bhrachfas / a mbrachfaidh* | brachfar |
| conditional | bhrachfainn / mbrachfainn‡‡ | bhrachfá / mbrachfá‡‡ | bhrachfadh sé, sí / mbrachfadh sé, sí‡‡ | bhrachfaimis; bhrachfadh muid / mbrachfaimis‡‡; mbrachfadh muid‡‡ | bhrachfadh sibh / mbrachfadh sibh‡‡ | bhrachfaidís; bhrachfadh siad / mbrachfaidís‡‡; mbrachfadh siad‡‡ | a bhrachfadh / a mbrachfadh* | bhrachfaí / mbrachfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go mbracha mé; go mbrachad$^†$ | go mbracha tú; go mbrachair$^†$ | go mbracha sé, sí | go mbrachaimid; go mbracha muid | go mbracha sibh | go mbracha siad; go mbrachaid$^†$ | — | go mbrachtar |
| past | dá mbrachainn | dá mbrachtá | dá mbrachadh sé, sí | dá mbrachaimis; dá mbrachadh muid | dá mbrachadh sibh | dá mbrachaidís; dá mbrachadh siad | — | dá mbrachtaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | brachaim | brach | brachadh sé, sí | brachaimis | brachaigí; brachaidh$^†$ | brachaidís | — | brachtar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “brach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈbrax/

### Verb

brach
* first/third-person singular preterite indicative of brëchen

## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbrax/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbrax/

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

brach
* first-person singular aorist of bráti

### Etymology 2

From bratr +‎ -ch.

#### Noun

brach m pers
* diminutive of bratr
* brother
* friend
* lover

##### Derived terms

* brachek

##### Descendants

* Czech: brach

#### References

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “brach”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrax/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ax
* Syllabification: brach

### Etymology 1

Clipping of brat + -ch.

#### Noun

brach m pers
* (colloquial) bro (comrade or friend)
    Coordinate term: siora

##### Derived terms

* brachol

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

brach m inan
* locative plural of ber
    Synonym: berach

### Further reading

* brach in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* brach in Polish dictionaries at PWN