# dám
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdaːm]
* Rhymes: -aːm

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

dám
* genitive plural of dáma

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

dám
* first-person singular future indicative of dát

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdaːm]
* Hyphenation: dám
* Rhymes: -aːm

### Noun

dám (plural dámok)
* fallow deer (Dama dama)
** 2006, Magyar Vadászlap (Hungarian Hunter Magazine)
    A dám jövőjeThe Future of the Fallow Deer (title of the article)
    Synonym: dámvad

#### Derived terms

* dámszarvas
* dámvad

### Further reading

* dám in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* dám in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dāmā, a collective term built on Proto-Celtic *dāmos (whence Proto-Brythonic *dọβ̃ (“client; son-in-law”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dōm-o-s (“belonging to the house”), a vṛddhi derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dom-o-s, thematized form of *dṓm (“house, home”). Previously connected with Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “district, people”) from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- (“share”) but this derivation was rejected by Campanile, who instead proposed the accepted etymology.
Related to dom (“home, house”) and déis (“client(s)”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdaːβ̃]

### Noun

dám f (genitive dámae, nominative plural dáma)
* company, retinue, party

#### Inflection

* $^H$ = triggers aspiration
* $^L$ = triggers lenition
* $^N$ = triggers nasalization

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: dám, dáim
** Irish: dámh, dáimh
** Scottish Gaelic: dàmh, dàimh

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dāmo/ā-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 88-89
* ↑ McCone, Kim (1992) “Varia I: The Etymology of Old Irish Déis 'client(s)'”, in Ériu, page 194
* ↑ Campanile, Enrico (1974) “Un arcaismo morfologico del celtico”, in Università degli studi di Trieste

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dám”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zaːm˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [jaːm˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [jaːm˦˥]

### Etymology 1

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “In the transcription system used by Ferlus, the Mày form would be kətaːm³ and the Proto-Vietic form would be *k-taːmʔ.”
Attested as dĕám in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651). Cognate with Chut [Mày] katam³ (Babaev & Samarina, 2018).
Compare Old Chinese 膽 (OC *[t]ˤamʔ) (B-S).

#### Verb

dám • (敢, 噉, 㦑, 𪾋)
* to dare to do something
* (dialectal) to be likely to happen

##### Related terms

* thách (“to dare someone”)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Vietic *jaːmʔ ~ ɲaːmʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *jaːmʔ. Cognate with Khmer យំ (yum).

#### Verb

dám
* (in certain regions of Nghệ An) to weep, to cry
    Synonym: khóc