# 鶯

| 鶯 | U+9DAF, &#40367; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9DAF |
| ← 鶮 [U+9DAE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鶰 → [U+9DB0] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 鶯 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 鴬 |
| Simplified | 莺 |

### Han character

鶯 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+10, 21 strokes, cangjie input 火火月竹火 (FFBHF), four-corner 9932$_7$, composition ⿱𤇾鳥)

#### Derived characters

* 𫤔, 𫬿, 𡤰, 𮭛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1496, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47169
* Dae Jaweon: page 2025, character 31
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4653, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9DAF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鶯 | *qreːŋ |
| 罃 | *qreːŋ |
| 嫈 | *qreːŋ, *qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ |
| 褮 | *qreːŋ, *qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ |
| 覮 | *pqʰʷeːŋ |
| 謍 | *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ |
| 䁝 | *qʷraːŋʔ |
| 嶸 | *ɢʷreːŋ, *ɢʷreŋ |
| 嵤 | *ɢʷreːŋ |
| 榮 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 瑩 | *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 蠑 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 禜 | *ɢʷreŋ, *ɢʷreŋs |
| 醟 | *ɢʷreŋs, *qʰʷeŋs |
| 檾 | *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 煢 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 焭 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 縈 | *qʷeŋ |
| 營 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 鎣 | *ɢʷeŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 塋 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 濴 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 熒 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 螢 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 滎 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 濙 | *qʷeːŋʔ |
| 瀅 | *qʷeːŋs |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yīng (ying$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ang$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): áing
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĕng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): eng$^1$ / ing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): eng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ying
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^1$
*** Yale: yīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ing
*** Palladius: ин (in)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ang$^1$
*** Yale: āng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: áing
*** Sinological IPA : /aiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛiŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: eng$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: eng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛŋ⁵³³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ing$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ing
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵³³/
* eng1 - vernacular (e.g. 黃鶯);
* ing1 - literary (e.g. 鶯歌燕舞).
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit鶯 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /iŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /iə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /iŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ĩn³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /iŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ĩ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /in³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /in²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /iŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ĩŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /iŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ʔin³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /j̠aŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /iʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /iɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /in³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /in³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /in⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /in⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /in²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ɐŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jeŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ɐŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ɛiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /aiŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /eŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /eŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: 'eang
Rime :
| Character | 鶯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 烏莖切 |
| Baxter | 'eang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠɛŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚæŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɐŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /æŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔæŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ang$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qreːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鶯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15354 |
| Phonetic component | 熒 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甖 |
| Old Chinese | /*qreːŋ/ |

### Definitions

鶯
* oriole

#### Compounds

* 夜鶯 / 夜莺 (yèyīng)
* 崔鶯鶯 / 崔莺莺
* 新鶯出谷 / 新莺出谷
* 春鶯 / 春莺
* 柳嚲鶯嬌 / 柳亸莺娇
* 柳鶯 / 柳莺
* 歌鶯舞燕 / 歌莺舞燕
* 流鶯 / 流莺 (liúyīng)
* 燕侶鶯儔 / 燕侣莺俦
* 燕儔鶯侶 / 燕俦莺侣
* 燕妒鶯慚 / 燕妒莺惭
* 燕約鶯期 / 燕约莺期
* 燕舞鶯啼 / 燕舞莺啼
* 燕語鶯呼 / 燕语莺呼
* 燕語鶯啼 / 燕语莺啼
* 燕語鶯聲 / 燕语莺声
* 舞燕歌鶯 / 舞燕歌莺
* 草長鶯飛 / 草长莺飞
* 葦鶯 / 苇莺 (wěiyīng)
* 鶯儔燕侶 / 莺俦燕侣
* 鶯啼 / 莺啼
* 鶯啼燕語 / 莺啼燕语
* 鶯梭 / 莺梭
* 鶯歌 / 莺歌 (yīnggē)
* 鶯歌燕舞 / 莺歌燕舞 (yīnggēyànwǔ)
* 鶯燕 / 莺燕
* 鶯粉 / 莺粉
* 鶯聲燕語 / 莺声燕语
* 鶯花 / 莺花
* 鶯花寨 / 莺花寨
* 鶯谷 / 莺谷
* 鶯遷 / 莺迁
* 鶯飛草長 / 莺飞草长
* 鶯鶯傳 / 莺莺传
* 鶯鶯燕燕 / 莺莺燕燕
* 黃鶯 / 黄莺 (huángyīng)
* 黃鶯語 / 黄莺语

### References

* “鶯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “莺”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 267.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 鴬 |
| Print standard | 鶯 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鴬)

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)
* Kun: うぐいす (uguisu, 鶯)

#### Compounds

* 鶯(おう)語(ご) (ōgo)
* 鶯(おう)梭(さ) (ōsa)
* 鶯(おう)宿(しゅく)梅(ばい) (ōshukubai)
* 鶯(おう)舌(ぜつ) (ōzetsu)
* 鶯(おう)遷(せん) (ōsen)
* 黄(こう)鶯(おう) (kōō)
* 山(さん)鶯(おう) (san'ō)
* 残(ざん)鶯(おう) (zan'ō)
* 春(しゅん)鶯(おう) (shun'ō)
* 新(しん)鶯(おう) (shin'ō)
* 晩(ばん)鶯(おう) (ban'ō)
* 老(ろう)鶯(おう) (rōō)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鶯
* うぐいす Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
⟨uɡupi$_1$ su⟩ → /uɡupisu/ → /uɡufisu/ → /uɡuwisu/ → /uɡuisu/
From Old Japanese. Compound of うぐい (ugui, onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call) +‎ す (su, “bird”, ancient suffix appearing in certain bird names). Compare the す (su) in 烏 (karasu), 杜鵑 (hototogisu), モズ (mozu).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うぐいす [ùgúꜜìsù] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ɯ̟ɡɯ̟isɨ]

### Noun

鶯(うぐいす) or 鶯(ウグイス) • (uguisu)
* Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale
** 905, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 14)
    うぐひすの谷(たに)よりいづる声(こゑ)なくははるくることを誰(たれ)かしらまし
       uguisu no tani yori izuru koe naku wa haru kuru koto o tare ka shiramashi
       Without the voice of the warbler that comes out of the valley, how would we know the arrival of spring?
* short for 鶯色 (uguisu iro): an olive-green color, as the rear of a bush warbler
* short for 鶯声 (uguisu-goe): a description for a woman's beautiful voice
* a metal skewer used in 香道 (kōdō) to fasten a paper wrapper
* a bamboo skewer used in binding an obi or similar

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ウグイス.

#### Synonyms

* (warbler, archaic): 花(はな)見(み)鳥(どり) (hanami-dori), 経(きょう)読(よ)み鳥(どり) (kyōyomi-dori), 歌読鳥(うたよみどり) (utayomi-dori)
* (olive-green color): 鶯(うぐいす)色(いろ) (uguisu iro), 鶯(うぐいす)茶(ちゃ) (uguisu-cha)

#### Derived terms

* 鶯(うぐいす)合(あ)わせ (uguisu-awase)
* 鶯(うぐいす)色(いろ) (uguisu-iro)
* 鶯(ウグイス)貝(ガイ) (uguisugai)
* 鶯(うぐいす)垣(がき) (uguisu-gaki)
* 鶯(ウグイス)神楽(カグラ) (uguisu kagura)
* 鶯(うぐいす)羹(かん) (uguisu-kan)
* 鶯(うぐいす)嬢(じょう) (uguisu-jō)
* 鶯(うぐいす)砂(ずな) (uguisu-zuna)
* 鶯(うぐいす)染(ぞ)め (uguisu-zome)
* 鶯(うぐいす)茶(ちゃ) (uguisu-cha)
* 鶯(うぐいす)塚(づか) (uguisu-zuka)
* 鶯(うぐいす)綴(と)じ (uguisu-toji)
* 鶯(うぐいす)菜(な) (uguisuna, “young greens”)
* 鶯(うぐいす)糠(ぬか) (uguisu-nuka)
* 鶯(うぐいす)張(ば)り (uguisubari, “nightingale floor”)
* 鶯(うぐいす)笛(ぶえ) (uguisu-bue)
* 鶯(うぐいす)豆(まめ) (uguisu-mame)
* 鶯(うぐいす)眉(まゆ) (uguisu-mayu)
* 鶯(うぐいす)餅(もち) (uguisu-mochi)
* 梅(うめ)に鶯(うぐいす) (ume ni uguisu)
* 老(お)い鶯(うぐいす) (oiuguisu)
* 高(コウ)麗(ライ)鶯(ウグイス) (Kōrai uguisu)
* 大(だい)東(とう)鶯(うぐいす) (daitō uguisu)
* 朝(ちょう)鮮(せん)鶯(うぐいす) (Chōsen uguisu)
* 手(て)振(ぶ)り鶯(うぐいす) (teburiu guisu)
* 友(とも)鶯(うぐいす) (tomōguisu)
* 夏(なつ)鶯(うぐいす) (natsūguisu)
* 初(はつ)鶯(うぐいす) (hatsūguisu, “first warbler to chirp in spring”)
* 藪(やぶ)鶯(うぐいす) (yabu-uguisu)
* 山(やま)鶯(うぐいす) (yama-uguisu)

#### Idioms

* 鶯(うぐいす)鳴(な)かせたこともある (uguisu nakaseta koto mo aru)
* 鶯(うぐいす)の卵(かいご)の中(なか)の時鳥(ほととぎす) (uguisu no kaigo no naka no hototogisu)
* 鶯(うぐいす)の谷(たに)渡(わた)り (uguisu no tani watari)

#### See also

* 笹(ささ)鳴(な)き (sasanaki, “twittering of a bush warbler”)
* 三(さん)鳥(ちょう) (sanchō, “cuckoo, bush warbler and wagtail”)
* 雪(セッ)加(カ), 雪(セッ)下(カ) (sekka, “zitting cisticola”)
* 虫(むし)食(く)い, 虫(むし)喰(く)い (mushikui, “leaf warbler”)
* 葦(よし)切(きり) (yoshikiri, “reed warbler”)

### Proper noun

鶯(うぐいす) • (Uguisu)
* a surname

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kojima, Noriyuki with Arai Eizō (1989) [905] Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 5: Kokin Wakashū (in Japanese), Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
* ↑ Haruo Shirane (2013) Japan and the Culture of the Four Seasons: Nature, Literature, and the Arts, illustrated, reprint edition, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 34

### Further reading

* 鶯 etymology at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)

## Korean
### Hanja

鶯 (eumhun 꾀꼬리 앵 (kkoekkori aeng))
* Chinese oriole
* bush warbler

#### Compounds

* 노앵 (老鶯, noaeng)
* 만앵 (晩鶯, manaeng)
* 앵가 (鶯歌, aengga)
* 앵도 (鶯桃, aengdo)
* 앵사 (鶯梭, aengsa)
* 앵삼 (鶯衫, aengsam)
* 앵설 (鶯舌, aengseol)
* 앵성 (鶯聲, aengseong)
* 앵속각 (鶯粟殼, aengsokgak)
* 앵어 (鶯語, aeng'eo)
* 앵의 (鶯衣, aeng'ui)
* 앵전 (鶯囀, aengjeon)
* 앵접 (鶯蝶, aengjeop)
* 앵제 (鶯啼, aengje)
* 앵혈 (鶯血, aenghyeol)
* 잔앵 (殘鶯, janaeng)
* 추앵 (雛鶯, chuaeng)
* 춘앵무 (春鶯舞, chunaengmu)
* 춘앵전 (春鶯囀, chunaengjeon)
* 황앵 (黃鶯, hwang'aeng)
* 황앵아 (黃鶯兒, hwang'aeng'a)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鶯: Hán Việt readings: oanh
鶯: Nôm readings: oanh, anh

### Noun

鶯
* chữ Hán form of oanh (“oriole”).
    1820, Nguyễn Du (阮攸), Truyện Kiều (傳翹) [The Tale of Kieu], Liễu Văn Ðường edition, published 1866, lines 269-270:羅䜹絲柳葻萌 𡥵鶯𭓇呐𨕭梗𠸍𠶣Lơ thơ tơ liễu buông mành. Con oanh học nói trên cành mỉa mai.The silky willow-branches flagged down nonchalantly like blinds. On a branch, a jeering oriole was practicing his first notes.

#### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).