# ae
## Translingual
### Symbol

ae
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Avestan.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Avestan terms

## English
### Etymology

Variant form of æ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iː/, /eɪ/, /ʌ/
* Rhymes: -iː, -eɪ, -ʌ

### Symbol

ae
* Alternative form of æ.

### See also

* a.e.

### References

* “ae”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
* “ae”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

### Anagrams

* EA, Ea, ea, ea.

## Abinomn
### Noun

ae
* mother

## Aore
### Noun

ae
* water

### Further reading

* Darrell T. Tryon, New Hebrides languages: an internal classification (1976)
* ABVD

## Barai
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /æ/

### Letter

ae (upper case Ae)
* A letter of the Barai alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Bislama
### Etymology

From English eye.

### Noun

ae
* (anatomy) eye

## Danish
### Etymology

Probably derived from the interjection ah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːə/, [ˈæːæ]
* Rhymes: -aːə
* Homophone: age

### Verb

ae (past tense aede, past participle aet)
* to stroke, pat, caress

#### Conjugation

activepassive
present
aer
aes
past
aede
aedes
infinitive
ae
aes
imperative
a
participle
present
aende
past
aet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
aen :

## Eastern Ngad'a
### Noun

ae
* water

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Ende
### Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *waiʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.

### Noun

ae
* water (clear liquid H₂O)

### References

* Bradley J. McDonnell, Possessive Structures in Ende: a Language of Eastern Indonesia

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eː/
* (Ulster) IPA: /əi̯/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish áe (“liver”), from Old Irish óa, from Proto-Celtic *awV-. Compare Welsh afu.

#### Noun

ae m (genitive singular ae, nominative plural aenna)
* (anatomy) liver

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
ae
aenna
vocative
a ae
a aenna
genitive
ae
aenna
dative
ae
aenna
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ae
na haenna
genitive
an ae
na n-aenna
dative
leis an ae don ae
leis na haenna :
* Alternative plural: aebha, aobha
* Alternative genitive plural: ae (in certain phrases)

##### Synonyms

* crua-ae (Achill, Ulster)

##### Derived terms

* aelus
* crua-ae
* domlas ae
* ola ae troisc
* puchán ae

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ae m (genitive singular ae)
* Alternative form of aoi (“metrical composition”)

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
nominative
ae
vocative
a ae
genitive
ae
dative
ae
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative
an t-ae
genitive
an ae
dative
leis an ae don ae :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ae”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 áe ("liver")”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ae”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “ae”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 171, page 64

## Kala
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑe/

### Noun

ae
* tree

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988) (ai)
* Morris Johnson, Kela Organized Phonology Data (1994) (ae)

## Khumi Chin
### Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ʔaar. Cognates include Zou ah and Mizo ár.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔɛ˧/

### Noun

ae
* chicken

### References

* K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎, Payap University, page 44

## Lavukaleve
### Verb

ae
* (intransitive) go up

## Li'o
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.

### Noun

ae
* water (clear liquid H₂O)

### References

* P. Sawardo, Struktur bahasa Lio (1987)
* Louise Baird, A Grammar of Kéo: An Austronesian Language of East Nusantara (2002) ('aé)

## Lote
### Noun

ae
* tree

### References

* Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote Grammar Sketch (2008)

## Marshallese
### Pronunciation

* (phonetic) IPA: [ɑɛ]
* (phonemic) IPA: /ɰæjɛj/
* Bender phonemes: {hayey}

### Noun

ae
* current
* pool

### Verb

ae
* collect
* gather, grouping

### References

* Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

## Mbyá Guaraní
### Particle

ae
* emphatic particle
    apy aeright here

## Middle Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aɨ̯/

### Conjunction

ae … ae
* either … or
** Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet:
    Sef kyfryw chware a wneynt, taraw a wnai pob un dyrnawt ar y got, ae a’e droet ae a throssawl;
       In this manner they played the game, each of them striking the bag, either with his foot or with a staff.

#### Descendants

* Welsh: ai

## Niuean
### Etymology

From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *a(a)e.

### Interjection

ae
* used to draw attention; hey!
* expression of surprise; oh!

## Pará Arára
### Alternative forms

* aege (used when talking to a capuchin monkey)

### Noun

ae
* a wasp

### References

* 2010, Isaac Costa de Souza, A Phonological Description of “Pet Talk” in Arara (MA), SIL Brazil, page 42.

## Portuguese
### Interjection

ae!
* (Internet slang) Alternative spelling of aê

## Sardinian
### Alternative forms

* ave (Nuorese)

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin avem, accusative of avis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈae/

### Noun

ae f (plural aes)
* (Logudorese) bird (in general), especially eagles or other birds of prey
    Synonyms: achedda, puzone

#### Usage notes

According to Max Leopold Wagner, ae means 'bird' in a general, almost collective, sense, while a specific bird is usually called a puzone. The term also has a tendency to mean 'eagle' in central dialects, and by extension also 'vulture' and other birds of prey.

### Further reading

* Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) “uccello”, in Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
* Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “áve”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg

## Scots
### Alternative forms

* a'e, ya, yae, yeh
* eäe (southern, dialect)
* ee (Shetland)

### Etymology

From Northern Middle English a, apocopic form of oon, from Old English ān (“one”), from Proto-West Germanic *ain. See also Scots ane.

### Pronunciation

* (Shetland, northern East Central Scots) IPA: /eː/
* (southern East Central Scots, South-West Scots) IPA: /jeː/
* (Southern Scots) IPA: /jɛː/, /jæː/

### Numeral

ae
* one
** 1786, Robert Burns, A Winter Night:Ae night the storm the steeples rocked(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1875, William Alexander, Sketches of Life Among My Ain Folk, page 51:"A twa-horse wark, maybe? or dee ye make it oot wi' ae beast an' an owse?"(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Usage notes

Used before nouns.

### Pronoun

ae
* one (of the two)
* one, someone (indefinite)

### Adjective

ae (not comparable)
* one, the same

### Adverb

ae (not comparable)
* only
* about, approximately
    Synonym: a
* (poetic) Emphasises a superlative.

### Derived terms

* aefauld
* aeness
* aesome

### References

* 1 2 3 The Concise Scots Dictionary, 1985, Aberdeen University Press editor-in-chief Mairi Robinson, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 “ae, adj.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, retrieved 21 May 2024, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.

## Teanu
### Etymology

Possibly from earlier *kel, from Proto-Oceanic *keli, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *keli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih. But this etymology remains dubious.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ae/

### Verb

ae
* to dig, hollow out

### References

* François, Alexandre. 2021. Teanu dictionary (Solomon Islands). Dictionaria 15. 1-1877. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5653063. – entry ~ae.
* François, Alexandre. 2021. Online Teanu–English dictionary, with equivalents in Lovono and Tanema. Electronic files. Paris: CNRS. – entry ~ae.
* Lackey, W.J.. & Boerger, B.H. (2021) “Reexamining the Phonological History of Oceanic's Temotu subgroup”, in Oceanic Linguistics.

## Touo
### Noun

ae
* father; Short for finɔ ae.
* Short for atufe ae.
** stepfather; mother's new husband
** father's brother
** husband of one's mother's sister
** son of one's father's sister
** son-in-law of one's father's sister
** son of one's father's parallel cousin
** paternal grandson of one's paternal grandparent's sister
* grandfather (on both sides); Short for fizu ae.
* Short for fizu atufe ae.
** grandfather's brother
** maternal grandmother's brother
** son of one's grandfather's sister
** maternal grandson of one's grandfather's sister
** husband of one's father's sister
** male parallel cousin-in-law of one's father

#### Usage notes

* All the relations above can be simply stated as ae unless the speaker wishes to avoid ambiguity, much as English speakers will say cousin without specifying second cousin, etc.

#### Coordinate terms

* ina (“mother, various other meanings”)

### References

* Scheffler, H. W. (1972) “Baniata Kin Classification: The Case for Extensions”, in Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, volume 28, number 4, University of Chicago Press, pages 350—381

## Vietnamese
### Noun

ae
* (slang, Internet, text messaging) Initialism of anh em.

### Pronoun

ae
* (slang, Internet, text messaging) Initialism of anh em.

## West Makian
### Etymology

Possibly cognate with Ternate hohe (“to laugh”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.e/

### Verb

ae
* (intransitive) to laugh

#### Conjugation
### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Wolio
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaqay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaqay.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ae/

### Noun

ae
* foot, leg

### References

* Anceaux, Johannes C. (1987) Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia), Dordrecht: Foris

## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /ʔai˨˦/
* Tone numbers: ae$^1$
* Hyphenation: ae

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Classifier

ae (Sawndip forms 侅 or ⿰亻界 or 𠲖, 1957–1982 spelling əi)
* used for adult men

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Tai *ʔajᴬ (“to cough”).
In Zuojiang Zhuang, cognate with ae (Chongzuo, Ningming, Longzhou, Daxin dialects).
In Northern Tai, cognate with Saek ไอ๋.
In Central Tai, cognate with Nong Zhuang ae, Tày ay.
In Southwestern Tai, cognate with Thai ไอ (ai), Northern Thai ᩋᩱ, Lao ໄອ (ʼai), Lü ᦺᦀ (˙ʼay), Shan ဢႆ (ʼǎi), Tai Nüa ᥟᥭ (ʼay), Aiton ဢႝ (ʼay), Ahom 𑜒𑜩 (ʼay).

#### Verb

ae (Sawndip forms 痎 or 𧙜 or 𠲖 or 哎, 1957–1982 spelling əi)
* to cough

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 古壮字字典 [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters] (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN
* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)‎, Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 349
* 1 2 Zhang, Junru (张 均如); et al. (1999) 壮语方言研究 [A Study of Zhuang Dialects] (in Chinese), Chengdu: Sichuan Ethnic Publishing House (四川民族出版社), page 713