# 萄

| 萄 | U+8404, &#33796; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8404 |
| ← 萃 [U+8403] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 萅 → [U+8405] |

## Translingual
### Han character

萄 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿心人山 (TPOU), four-corner 4472$_7$, composition ⿱艹匋)

#### Derived characters

* 𡐺, 𫱰, 𢵘, 𪷒, 𨼞

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31252
* Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3237, character 11
* Unihan data for U+8404

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 萄 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 掏 | *l̥ʰuː, *l'uː |
| 蜪 | *l̥ʰuː, *l'uː |
| 陶 | *bl'uː, *luː |
| 萄 | *l'uː |
| 啕 | *l'uː |
| 淘 | *l'uː |
| 騊 | *l'uː |
| 匋 | *bl'uː |
| 祹 | *l'uː |
| 綯 | *l'uː |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'uː): semantic 艹 + phonetic 匋 (OC *bl'uː). Inside the character, there is a reference to the production of an earthenware jar, hence a possible reference to a plant used to make wine. Grape was introduced in China by Zhang Qian (張騫) during the Eastern Han period.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): táo, tao (tao$^2$, tao$^5$／tao$^0$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˊ, ˙ㄊㄠ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tao$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thò
    (Hailu, HRS): to
* Eastern Min (BUC): dò̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tor$^2$ / to$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$dau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: táo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: táo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^2$
*** Yale: táu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tao
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄊㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tåo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^5$
*** Yale: tau
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .tau
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tao$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tao
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^4$
*** Yale: tòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
*** Hakka Romanization System: to$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: to$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: to
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /to⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tor$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɒ¹³/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: to$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: teó
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: to$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɵ¹³/
* tor2 - literary (as in 葡萄牙);
* to2 - vernacular (as in 葡萄).
* Middle Chinese: daw
Rime :
| Character | 萄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒刀切 |
| Baxter | daw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daw/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑu/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | táo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'uː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 萄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12364 |
| Phonetic component | 匋 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 陶 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'uː/ |
| Notes | 草名後作蒲陶字 |

### Definitions

萄
* a kind of grass
* Used in 葡萄 (pútáo).

### References

* “萄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “萄”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 174.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: どう (dō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kun: ぶどう (budō)

## Korean
### Hanja

萄 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

萄: Hán Nôm readings: đào
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.