# 剴

| 剴 | U+5274, &#21108; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5274 |
| ← 剳 [U+5273] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 創 → [U+5275] |

## Translingual
### Han character

剴 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 山廿中弓 (UTLN), four-corner 2210$_0$, composition ⿰豈刂)
* sharpen
* carefully, thorough

#### Derived characters

* 𫦠

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 142, character 45
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2122
* Dae Jaweon: page 323, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 350, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5274

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 剴 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 獃 | *tŋɯː, *ŋɯː |
| 剴 | *kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl |
| 凱 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
| 愷 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
| 塏 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
| 鎧 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls |
| 颽 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
| 暟 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ |
| 闓 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯːls |
| 豈 | *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ |
| 隑 | *ɡɯːls, *ŋɯːl |
| 皚 | *ŋɯːl |
| 嵦 | *ŋɡɯːl |
| 敳 | *ŋɯːl |
| 磑 | *ŋɯːl, *ŋuːl, *ŋuːls |
| 螘 | *ŋralʔ, *ŋɯlʔ |
| 覬 | *krɯls |
| 溰 | *ŋɯl |
| 顗 | *ŋɯlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kŋɯːl, *ŋɯːl): phonetic 豈 (OC *ŋ̊ʰɯːlʔ, *ŋ̊ʰɯlʔ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kǎi (kai$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi$^2$ / goi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kǎi
*** Wade–Giles: kʻai$^3$
*** Yale: kǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kae
*** Palladius: кай (kaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^2$ / goi$^1$
*** Yale: hói / gōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^2$ / goi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^2$ / goi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯³⁵/, /kɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: koj, ngoj
Rime :
| Character | 剴 | 剴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 古哀切 | 五來切 |
| Baxter | koj | ngoj |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʌi/ | /ŋʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəi/ | /ŋəi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɒi/ | /ŋɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəj/ | /ŋəj/ |
| Li Rong | /kᴀi/ | /ŋᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /kɒi/ | /ŋɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ̆i/ | /ŋɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gāi | ái |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | goi$^1$ | ngoi$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kŋɯːl/, /*ŋɯːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 剴 | 剴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10101 | 10117 |
| Phonetic component | 豈 | 豈 |
| Rime group | 微 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 該 | 皚 |
| Old Chinese | /*kŋɯːl/ | /*ŋɯːl/ |

#### Definitions

剴
* (Classical) scythe
* (Classical) to grind, hone
    Synonym: 刉 (jī)
* (by extension, literary) to exhort, admonish; exhortative
* (literary) to the point, pertinent(ly); earnest(ly)

#### Compounds

* 剴切 / 剀切 (kǎiqiè)
* 剴到 / 剀到
* 剴拂 / 剀拂
* 剴摯 / 剀挚
* 剴易 / 剀易
* 剴直 / 剀直
* 剴諷 / 剀讽
* 誠剴 / 诚剀

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 剴 – see 捱 (“to get close to; to bear”). (This character is a variant form of 捱).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “剴”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00367
* “剴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* scythe
* suitability

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): がい (gai)、かい (kai)
* Kun: きる (kiru)、こする (kosuru)

## Korean
### Hanja

剴 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.