# 無名指
## Chinese
### Etymology

From Mencius:
    今有無名之指，屈而不信，非疾痛害事也，如有能信之者，則不遠秦楚之路，為指之不若人也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]今有无名之指，屈而不信，非疾痛害事也，如有能信之者，则不远秦楚之路，为指之不若人也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCEJīn yǒu wúmíng zhī zhǐ, qū ér bù shēn, fēi jítòng hàishì yě, rú yǒu néng shēn zhī zhě, zé bù yuǎn Qín Chǔ zhī lù, wèi zhǐ zhī bù ruò rén yě. [Pinyin]Here is a man whose fourth finger is bent and cannot be stretched out straight. It is not painful, nor does it incommode his business, and yet if there be any one who can make it straight, he will not think the way from Qin to Chu far to go to him; because his finger is not like the finger of other people.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): wúmíngzhǐ
       (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄓˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wu$^2$ min$^2$ zi$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mou$^4$ ming$^4$ zi$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mò-miàng-chṳ́ / mò-miàng-chí
* Eastern Min (BUC): mò̤-miàng-*cāi
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bû-bêng-cháiⁿ
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$wu-min-tsy / $^6$vu$_2$-min$_2$-tsyu$_3$
* Xiang (Hengyang, Wiktionary): fu$^2$ min$^2$ zr$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wúmíngzhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wúmíngjhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^2$-ming$^2$-chih$^3$
*** Yale: wú-míng-jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wumingjyy
*** Palladius: уминчжи (uminčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /u³⁵ miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: wu$^2$ min$^2$ zi$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uminz
*** Sinological IPA : /vu²¹ min²¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^4$ ming$^4$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: mòuh mìhng jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^4$ ming$^4$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^4$ ming$^4$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯²¹ mɪŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mò-miàng-chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo$^ˇ$ miang$^ˇ$ zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mo$^2$ miang$^2$ zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo¹¹ mi̯aŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mò-miàng-chṳ́ / mò-miàng-chí
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo$^ˇ$ miang$^ˇ$ zii$^ˋ$ / mo$^ˇ$ miang$^ˇ$ ji$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mo$^2$ miang$^2$ zi$^3$ / mo$^2$ miang$^2$ ji$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo¹¹ mi̯aŋ¹¹ t͡sɨ³¹/, /mo¹¹ mi̯aŋ¹¹ t͡si³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mò̤-miàng-*cāi
*** Sinological IPA : /mo⁵³⁻³³ miaŋ⁵³⁻³³ t͡sai³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû-bêng-cháiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: bû-bîng-tsáinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bu'bengzvae
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bu²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sãi⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bu²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sãi⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bu¹³⁻²² biɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sãi⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bu²⁴⁻¹¹ biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sãi⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu²³⁻³³ biɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sãi⁴¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$wu-min-tsy
*** MiniDict: wu$^去$ min tsy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhu-min-tsr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² min⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^6$vu$_2$-min$_2$-tsyu$_3$
*** MiniDict: vu$^平$ min$^平$ tsyu$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /vu²³ min¹¹ t͡sz̩ʷ/
* Xiang
** (Hengyang)
*** Wiktionary: fu$^2$ min$^2$ zr$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /v̥u¹¹ min¹¹ t͡sz̩³³/

### Noun

無名指
* ring finger

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 無名指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 四拇指, 護國寺 childish |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 無名指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 無名指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 無名指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 無名指, 四拇指頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 無名指, 四拇指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 無名指 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 無名指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 四拇指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 四拇指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 無名指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 四拇指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 四拇指 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 無名指 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 無名兒指 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 無名指 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 無名指, 四拇指頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 四面手圪頭, 四面面 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 四拇指頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 四門指頭, 無名指 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 四指, 四拇指頭, 四拇哥兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 無名指 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 無名指 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 無名指 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 四指, 四拇指 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 四拇指頭, 四拇指 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 四拇指頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 四指拇兒, 無名指 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 四指拇兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 四指甲, 無名指 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 四指拇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 四拇指, 無名指 literary |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 四指媽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 四指, 無名指 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 無名指, 四指抹頭, 四指頭, 四馬指, 荷花葉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 無名指, 四麻指 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 四拇指頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 無名指, 四指 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 無名指, 四指 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 無名指, 四指 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 尾二指 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 四指 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 無名指, 尾二 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 無名指, 無名字 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 無名指, 四指 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 無名指, 四指 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 無名指 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 典人指 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 四手節 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 第四隻手指腦 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 四手指 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 無名指, 細手指 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 無名指, 矮㑁指, 蘸藥指 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 無名指, 矮㑁指, 蘸藥指 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 無名指, 矮㑁指, 蘸藥指 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 尾二指 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 無名指 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 無名指 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 無名指 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 無名指 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 四拇指頭 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 四拇指頭 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 無名指 |
| Jin | Linhe | 四指 |
| Jin | Jining | 無名指 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 四拇哥兒, 四拇指 |
| Jin | Baotou | 無名指 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 無名指 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 無名指 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 無名指 |
| Jin | Handan | 無名指, 四拇指頭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 無名指 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 尾二指, 無名指 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 無名指 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 䆀指, 尾二指 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 尾二指 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 尾二指, 佬仔指 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 佬仔指 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 佬仔指 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 無名指 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 愛媠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 尾二指 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 尾仔二指, 尾仔第二指 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 佬仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 四指仔 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 無名指 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 狐狸指 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 煞尾第二指 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 第四手囝 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 無名 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 四指 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 無名指 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 無名指 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 無名指, 黃狼節頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 四節頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 無名節頭, 要好看 |
| Wu | Danyang | 四拇指頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 無名指 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 無名指 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 無名指 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 無名指 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 四指腦, 四指拇 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 無名指 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 無名指 |

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 無 | 名 | 指 |
| む Grade: 4 | めい Grade: 1 | し Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |||
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 無名指 (mɨo miᴇŋ t͡ɕˠiɪX, literally “no, without + name + finger”). Compare modern Cantonese reading mou$^4$ ming$^4$ zi$^2$, Hakka mò-miàng-chí.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) むめーし [mùméꜜèshì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [mɯ̟me̞ːɕi]

#### Noun

無(む)名(めい)指(し) • (mumeishi)
* Synonym of 薬指: ring finger

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 無 | 名 | 指 |
| Grade: 4 | Grade: 1 | ゆび Grade: 3 |
| irregular |||
Calque of Middle Chinese 無名指 (“unnamed finger”), swapping the readings of the first two kanji to match Japanese word order.
This reading is more commonly spelled 名無し指.

#### Alternative forms

* 名無し指 (more common)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ななしゆび [nànáshíꜜyùbì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [na̠na̠ɕijɯ̟bʲi]

#### Noun

無名指(ななしゆび) • (nanashiyubi)
* Synonym of 薬指 (kusuriyubi): ring finger

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN