# cedo
## Esperanto
### Etymology

See cedi +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [ˈt͡sedo]
* Rhymes: -edo
* Hyphenation: ce‧do

### Noun

cedo (accusative singular cedon, plural cedoj, accusative plural cedojn)
* abandonment, assignment, cession, compliance, concession

#### Synonyms

* (abandonment): forlaso, diboĉeco, abandono, delaso, dezerteco, diboĉado, fordono, forlasiteco, translaso, senafekteco
* (assignment): asigno, tasko, atribuo, alpostenigo, delego, engaĝo, valorizo
* (cession): rezigno
* (compliance): obeo, cedada, ebeeco, observo, cedado, konformiĝo, obeado, observemo
* (consession): koncesio, cedaĵo, cedemo, koncedo

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cedo, from Latin cito (“soon”).

### Pronunciation

IPA: (eastern) [ˈθeðʊ], (western) [ˈseðʊ]

### Adverb

cedo
* early, soon, before expected
* early in the morning or in the night
** 1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 86:Et entõ o caualeiro desapareçeulle, et el espantouse com grã medo, et leuãtouse moy çedo de manãa et cõtou a todos o que lle acaeçera et todo los da oste marauillarõse moytoAnd then the knight vanished and he was frightened with great fear; and he got up early in the morning and told everyone what happened to him, and everybody in the army marveled

#### Derived terms

* Cedofeita
* Cedofeito
* Sedofeito

### References

* “cedo”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cedo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cedo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cedo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cedo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cedo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛ.do/
* Rhymes: -ɛdo
* Hyphenation: cè‧do

### Verb

cedo
* first-person singular present indicative of cedere

### Anagrams

* code

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kezdō, further derivation disputed.
* Perhaps it is from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyesdʰ- (“to drive away; to go away”). Cognates include Sanskrit सेधति (sedhati, “to drive, chase away”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀𐬝 (siiazdat̰, “will chase away”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyazd-, *ćižd-.
* Others derive it from *ḱe (“this, here”) + *sed- (“to sit down”). For the semantic development "to sit down" > "to go and sit" > "to go" compare the cognates English set out, Sanskrit उपसीदति (upasīdati, “to approach”), Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós, “road”), and Proto-Slavic *xodъ, *xoditi.
* Others derive the ending from -dō (“to put”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkeː.doː/, [ˈkeːd̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe.do/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːd̪o]

#### Verb

cēdō (present infinitive cēdere, perfect active cessī, supine cessum); third conjugation
* (intransitive) to go, move, proceed, go along, move along
** c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 4.1.44–45:SIMŌ. Illīcine est? PSEUDOLUS. Illīc est. SIMŌ. Mala merx est, Pseudole. Illūc sīs vidē, ut trānsvorsus, nōn prōvorsus cēdit, quasi cancer solet.SIMO. Is he there? PSEUDOLUS. There he is. SIMO. He's a bad piece, Pseudolus. Look at that, how he goes sideways, not forwards, as a crab does.
* (intransitive) to result, turn out, happen, yield
* (intransitive) to withdraw, depart, retire, go away from, yield
** (intransitive, military) to withdraw, fall back, give up one's post, yield
* (intransitive) to disappear, pass away, vanish
* (intransitive, of time) to pass, elapse (in the 3rd person, with time as subject)
    Synonyms: intercēdō, abeō, lābor, praetereō
* (intransitive, with dative) to cede, give in or yield (to), step aside (for), give way (to)
** Vergilius, Aeneis, Book VI, line 95
    Tū nē cēde malīs, sed contrā audentior ītō
       Give in not to evils, but go against them more daring.
** Motto of Wyoming
    Cēdant arma togae.
       Let the arms concede to the toga (Let war yield to diplomacy)
** (intransitive) to be inferior to, yield to in rank
*** 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.2:Nec deinde Aborigines Troianis studio ac fide erga regem Aeneam cessereFrom that time on, the Aborigines were not inferior to the Trojans in the loyalty towards Aeneas
* (transitive) to concede, give up, allow, permit something to someone, grant, surrender, yield
* (intransitive, with dative or in +acc.) to fall (to) (as a possession); accrue or come (to)
* (intransitive, with in +acc.) to become, turn into, be or become the equivalent of

##### Synonyms

* (retire): facessō, dēcēdō, discēdō, dēficiō, concēdō, subtrahō, subdūcō, abscēdō, excēdō, regredior, inclīnō, recēdō, recipiō, vertō, referō, āmoveō
* (give up): dēficiō, dēserō, relinquō, linquō, dēsinō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, dēspondeō, reddō, dō, remittō, dēstituō, oblīvīscor, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, pōnō, tribuō
* (allow, permit): sinō, remittō, permittō, immittō, concēdō, condōnō
* (disappear): discedō, decēdō, concēdō, excēdō, pereō, intereō
* (be inferior to): subsum
* (go): vādō, ambulō, deambulō, cammīnō, adeō, obeō, pergō, baetō, eō, gradior, īnferō
* (be inferior to): dēgenerō

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “disappear”): obversor, cresco, procedo, exorior, orior, coorior, oborior, ēmergō, appāreō, pāreō
* (antonym(s) of “retire”): prōgredior, prōdeō, prōcēdō, prōficiō, aggredior, ēvehō, incēdō, accēdō, adeō

##### Derived terms

* abscēdō
* accēdō
* antecēdō
* cessō
* concēdō
* dēcēdō
* discēdō
* excēdō
* incēdō
* intercēdō
* intrōcēdō
* necesse
* occēdō
* praecēdō
* prōcēdō
* recēdō
* retrōcēdō
* sēcēdō
* succēdō

##### Related terms

* necesse

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: cedir
* → Dutch: cederen
* → English: cede
* → French: céder
** → Romanian: ceda
* → Galician: ceder
* → Italian: cedere
** → Dalmatian: čedur
* → Portuguese: ceder
* → Sicilian: cèdiri
* → Spanish: ceder

### Etymology 2

Through iambic shortening from the Proto-Italic imperative *ke-dō, plural *ke-date. This is composed of Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“here”) (seen also in ec-ce, hi-c, illi-c etc.) + the imperative of dō (“give”) (which was originally *dō, but changed later to dā by analogy with first-conjugation verbs). Equivalent to ce- +‎ dō.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈke.do/, [ˈkɛd̪ɔ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe.do/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːd̪o]

#### Verb

cedo; irregular conjugation, imperative-only, no passive, no perfect or supine stems, no future
* (of objects) hand (it) over!; give (it)!; gimme!
    cedo manum! ― Give me your hand!
* (of objects, especially evidence or exhibits at a trial) produce (it)!; show (it) to us!
* (of people) bring (him)!, bring (him) in!, produce (him)!
* tell me!; describe (it) to me!, explain (it) to me!
** c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 1.8:"Ōrō tē" inquam "aulaeum tragicum dīmovētō et sīparium scaenicum complicātō et cedo verbīs commūnibus."I said, "I beg you, please remove the tragic drapery and fold the scene's curtain, and explain it to me using common words.
* (followed by a conditional clause with consequent) tell me! hear me out!
* (followed by a conditional clause without a consequent) what if?, suppose?
* (with impersonal or subjunctive) come on!

##### Conjugation
### References

* “cedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “cedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* cedo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere to acquiesce in one's fate: fortunae cedere to give up a thing to some one else: possessione alicuius rei cedere alicui (Mil. 27. 75) to waive one's right: de iure suo decedere or cedere
* Forms of Conjugation, in J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, Ed.; Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges
* Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 884
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cēdō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 103-104
* ↑ Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*k̑e, *k̑i”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 401

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese cedo, from Latin citō.

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.du/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈse.du/ [ˈse.ðu]
* Rhymes: -edu
* Hyphenation: ce‧do
* Audio:(file)

#### Adverb

cedo
* (comparable) early (at a time before expected; sooner than usual)
    Antonyms: tarde, tardiamente
* (not comparable) early (near the start of the day)
    Synonyms: pela fresquinha, de manhã, cedinho
** 1927, Emílio de San Bruno, chapter XIII, in Zambeziana: scenas da vida colonial [Zambeziana: scenes of the colonial life], Lisbon: Tipografia do Comércio, page 203:— O quê? Já! — disse o Brás Lobato — ¡ainda é cêdo! Logo pela fresquinha, com umas cervejinhas...“What? Already?!”, said Brás Lobato, “it’s still early! Early in the morning, with a couple beers...”

##### Derived terms

* cedinho

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.du/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈse.du/ [ˈse.ðu]
* Rhymes: -edu
* Hyphenation: ce‧do

#### Verb

cedo
* first-person singular present indicative of ceder

### Further reading

* “cedo”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “cedo”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “cedo” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “cedo”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “cedo”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “cedo”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin citō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈθedo/ [ˈθe.ð̞o]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsedo/ [ˈse.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -edo
* Syllabification: ce‧do

### Adverb

cedo
* quickly, swiftly, instantly, immediately after

### Verb

cedo
* first-person singular present indicative of ceder

### Further reading

* “cedo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10