# οὗτος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Synchronically analyzable as ὁ (ho, “self; third-person pronoun”) + αὐτός (autós, “self; third-person pronoun”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hûː.tos/ → /ˈu.tos/ → /ˈu.tos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hûː.tos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)u.tos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈu.tos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈu.tos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈu.tos/

### Determiner

οὗτος • (hoûtos), f αὕτη (haútē), n τοῦτο (toûto) (medial demonstrative determiner and pronoun)
* this
** (of place) here
** in contrast with ὅδε (hóde): the preceding
*** 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Meno 93b:εἰ διδακτόν ἐστιν ἀρετὴ πάλαι σκοποῦμεν. τοῦτο δὲ σκοποῦντες τόδε σκοποῦμεν, ἆρα οἱ ἀγαθοὶ ἄνδρες καὶ τῶν νῦν καὶ τῶν προτέρων ταύτην τὴν ἀρετὴν ἣν αὐτοὶ ἀγαθοὶ ἦσαν ἠπίσταντο καὶ ἄλλῳ παραδοῦναιei didaktón estin aretḕ pálai skopoûmen. toûto dè skopoûntes tóde skopoûmen, âra hoi agathoì ándres kaì tôn nûn kaì tôn protérōn taútēn tḕn aretḕn hḕn autoì agathoì êsan ēpístanto kaì állōi paradoûnaiWe have been considering for a long time whether virtue is teachable. In considering that question, we are considering the following: did the good men, both from now and before, understand this virtue by which they were good, and how to pass it along to another?
** in contrast with ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos): the latter
** of someone or something famous or infamous

#### Declension

* Doric: gen. sg. fem. is τούτᾱς (toútās) and nom. pl. masc./fem. is τοῦτοι (toûtoi) or ταῦται (taûtai)
* Cretic: gen. pl. fem./neut. is ταυτᾶν (tautân) or ταύτων (taútōn)
* Boeotian: all forms begin with οὑτ- (hout-)

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Byzantine Greek: τοῦτος (toûtos)
** Greek: τούτος (toútos)
* Greek: ούτος (oútos)
* ⇒ Pontic Greek: αβούτος (avoútos), αούτος (aoútos), αγούτος (agoútos), αβότους (avótous)

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | demonstrative | demonstrative | demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) | proximal | distal | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν, ἁμόθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “οὗτος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1132

### Further reading

* “οὗτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “οὗτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “οὗτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* οὗτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* οὗτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “οὗτος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3778 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. defendant idem, page 204.fellow idem, page 314.he idem, page 389.ho idem, page 401.latter idem, page 478.there idem, page 865.this idem, page 867.you idem, page 997.
* Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 333
* William W. Goodwin, A Greek Grammar. Revised and enlarged, Boston, 1900, p.85f.