# deus ex machina
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin deus ex māchinā (literally “god from a machine [i.e., a device, scaffolding, contrivance]”), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˌdeɪ.əs ɛks ˈmækɪnə/, /ˌdeɪ.əs ɛks məˈʃiːnə/, /ˌdiːəs ɛks məˈʃiːnə/
* (US) IPA: /ˌdeɪ.əs ˌɛks ˈmɑkənə/, /ˌdeɪ.əs ˌɛks ˈmækənə/
** Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

deus ex machina (plural dei ex machina or dei ex machinis or deus ex machinas)
* (narratology) Any resolution to a story that does not pay due regard to the story's internal logic and that is so unlikely that it challenges suspension of disbelief, and presumably allows the author, director, or developer to end the story in the way that they desired.
** 1975 December 13, Regina Kahney, “Sister Gin (review)”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 24, page 13:The women who merge in the final pages leave me unsettled and depressed. Their future is grim. There is no deus ex machina to save them.
** 2007 August 12, Christopher Hitchens, “Harry Potter: The Boy Who Lived”, in New York Times‎:The repeated tactic of deus ex machina (without a deus) has a deplorable effect on both the plot and the dialogue.
** 2011 January 20, Dave Thier, “‘Parks and Recreation’: Comedy Imitates Life (Sort Of)”, in The Atlantic‎:Despite the government shutdown, at the end of the last season Knope is able to put on a children's concert in the abandoned lot she's been trying to turn into a park due to a quick deus ex machina.
** 2017 June 26, David Sims, “How Will ‘Silicon Valley’ Work Without T.J. Miller?”, in The Atlantic‎:Compared to that, the season-four finale “Server Error” felt comparatively tame, focusing mostly on Richard’s maniacal efforts to create a new kind of internet, which were helped along by a confusing deus ex machina.
* (by extension) A contrived solution to a problem, relying on an agent external to the situation.
** 2016 January 26, David Robert Grimes, “On the Viability of Conspiratorial Beliefs”, in PLOS One‎, volume 11, number 1, page 3:The belief that a cure for cancer is being withheld by vested interests is a long-standing one. It is often used as a universal deus ex machina for those pushing an alternative alleged cure […]
** 2017 August 14, David A. Graham, “The Search for a Magical Way to Stop Trump”, in The Atlantic‎:Handler’s bad advice for generals […] is mostly notable as the most extreme expression of peculiar pleas by Trump opponents who seek some deus ex machina that will stop the president: generals simply disobeying the president, other civil servants refusing to follow through on orders, or even the invocation of the 25th Amendment to remove him from office.
* (historical, literary) A deity in Greek and Roman drama who was brought in by stage machinery to intervene in a difficult situation (i.e., to resolve a crisis, or untangle issues surrounding it, a character logically expected to do so).
** 1959, Mary Stewart, chapter XVII, in Nine Coaches Waiting, M. S. Mill Company, page 268:I was going to wait for Monsieur Hyppolyte and, like a craven, hand the whole thing over to him. Let the deus ex machina fly in out of the clouds...
* (historical) A machine used to bring an actor playing a god onto the stage, either up through a trapdoor or (e.g. by crane) from above.

#### Usage notes

* Rarely, the plurals dii ex machina, di ex machina, dii ex machinis, and di ex machinis are found.
* The plurals ending in ex machina literally translate to “gods from a machine”, whereas the plurals ending in ex machinis literally translate to “gods from machines”; in their usage, these plurals generally retain this distinction in sense, however figuratively.

#### Coordinate terms

* (feminine) dea ex machina

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ American Heritage Dictionary, Second College Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1982, page 388.

## German
### Noun

deus ex machina m (strong, genitive deus ex machina, plural (uncommon) dei ex machina)
* Alternative form of Deus ex Machina

#### Declension
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin deus ex māchinā, calque of Ancient Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós, literally “god from the machine”).

### Noun

deus ex machina
* (narratology) deus ex machina

### Further reading

* “deus ex machina” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

Calque of Ancient Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós, literally “god from the machine”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈde.us ˈeks ˈmaː.kʰi.naː/, [ˈd̪eʊs̠ ˈɛks̠ ˈmäːkʰɪnäː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈde.us ˈeks ˈma.ki.na/, [ˈd̪ɛːus ˈɛks ˈmäːkinä]
* Hyphenation: de‧us ex mā‧chi‧nā

### Noun

deus ex māchinā m (genitive deī ex māchinā, feminine dea ex māchinā); irregular, second declension
* deus ex machina (deity in Greek and Roman drama who was brought in by stage machinery to intervene in an inextricable situation)

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (irregular) with an indeclinable portion.
$^1$Rare during the Classical period. $^2$From Late Latin onwards.

## Polish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin deus ex māchinā, itself a calque of Ancient Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɛ.us ˈɛks maˈxi.na/
* Syllabification: de‧us ex ma‧chi‧na

### Adverb

deus ex machina (not comparable)
* (literary) deus ex machina (suddenly, unexpectedly, and without prior indications)

### Noun

deus ex machina m pers (indeclinable)
* (Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, drama, historical, literary) deus ex machina (plot resolution in ancient tragedy involving the sudden and unexpected appearance of a deity)
* (Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, drama, historical, literary) deus ex machina (deity in Greek and Roman drama who was brought in by stage machinery to intervene in a difficult situation)
* (literary) deus ex machina (unexpected saviour)
* (literary, narratology) deus ex machina (contrived plot resolution)

### Further reading

* deus ex machina in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* deus ex machina in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Noun

deus ex machina m (plural deuses ex machina or dei ex machina)
* (narratology) deus ex machina (contrived plot resolution)

#### Related terms

* deus