# 姪

| 姪 | U+59EA, &#23018; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59EA |
| ← 姩 [U+59E9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 姫 → [U+59EB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

姪 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女一戈土 (VMIG), four-corner 4141$_4$, composition ⿰女至)

#### Derived characters

* 𭉐

### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 260, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6226
* Dae Jaweon: page 526, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1043, character 11
* Unihan data for U+59EA

## Chinese

* 姪

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 致 | *tiɡs |
| 輊 | *tiɡs |
| 駤 | *tiɡs |
| 跮 | *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ |
| 荎 | *di, *diːɡ |
| 緻 | *diɡs |
| 至 | *tjiɡs |
| 鵄 | *tʰji |
| 胵 | *tʰji |
| 痓 | *tʰjiɡs |
| 咥 | *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ |
| 窒 | *tiːɡ, *tiɡ |
| 蛭 | *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 垤 | *diːɡ |
| 耋 | *diːɡ |
| 姪 | *diːɡ, *diɡ |
| 絰 | *diːɡ |
| 恎 | *diːɡ |
| 挃 | *tiɡ |
| 庢 | *tiɡ |
| 銍 | *tiɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 秷 | *tiɡ |
| 螲 | *tiɡ |
| 侄 | *diɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 桎 | *tjiɡ |
| 郅 | *tjiɡ |
| 晊 | *tjiɡ |
| 室 | *hliɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *diːɡ, *diɡ): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/m-ləj (“grandchild; nephew”) + *-t (“nominalizing final”). Cognate with Burmese မြေး (mre:, “grandchild”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhí (zhi$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җы (žɨ, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zat$^6$ / zat$^{6-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zit$^5$ / zit$^{5*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ciit$^7$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): chid$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ced$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zeh$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): dĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ti̍t / chi̍t / chit
    (Teochew, Peng'im): diag$^8$ / diêg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$zeq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhr$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhí
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhíh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^2$
*** Yale: jŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyr
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (姪兒 / 侄儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhír
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhíhr
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: jír
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jerl
*** Palladius: чжир (čžir)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩ɻ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zi$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җы (žɨ, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zat$^6$ / zat$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: jaht / ját
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzat$^9$ / dzat$^{9-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zed$^6$ / zed$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐt̚²/, /t͡sɐt̚²⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zit$^5$ / zit$^{5*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sit̚³²/, /t͡sit̚³²⁻³²⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ciit$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɨt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: ciid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨt̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chid$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰit²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ced$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰət̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zeh$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /ti²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /tiʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ti̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dit
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tit̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tit̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tit̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t
*** Tâi-lô: tsi̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cit
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit
*** Tâi-lô: tsit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cid
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚³²/
* Taiwan:
** ti̍t - vernacular;
** chit - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit姪 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʃz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sz̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡səʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sz̩³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡zai²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰi²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɨʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰət̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃʰït̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐt̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sɐt̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sɐt̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tit̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tiʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ti²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tiak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sit̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: drit, det
Rime :
| Character | 姪 | 姪 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (49) | 屑 (87) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 直一切 | 徒結切 |
| Baxter | drit | det |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiɪt̚/ | /det̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚit̚/ | /det̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiet̚/ | /dɛt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖjit̚/ | /dɛt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡjĕt̚/ | /det̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭĕt̚/ | /diet̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯ĕt̚/ | /dʱiet̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhí | dié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zat$^6$ | dit$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*diːɡ/, /*diɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 姪 | 姪 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 17352 | 17367 |
| Phonetic component | 至 | 至 |
| Rime group | 質 | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 姪 | 秩 |
| Old Chinese | /*diːɡ/ | /*diɡ/ |

### Definitions

姪
* fraternal nephew or niece (originally only of a woman, but also of a man after the Jìn dynasty)
* child of a (male) friend in the same generation
* Used to call oneself before someone in one's father's generation.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 姪子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 姪兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 姪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 姪子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 姪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 姪 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 姪兒, 姪兒子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 姪子, 姪 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 姪兒, 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 姪子, 姪兒, 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 姪兒子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 姪兒子, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 姪兒子, 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 姪娃兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 姪兒子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 姪兒子, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 姪兒子, 姪兒, 姪子伢, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 姪兒子, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 姪兒子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 姪兒子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 姪兒子, 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 姪兒子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 姪子, 姪兒子, 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 姪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 姪崽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 姪崽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 姪兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 姪子, 姪兒子, 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 姪子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 姪子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 姪兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 姪, 姪仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 姪, 姪仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 姪子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 姪子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 姪子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 姪仔, 姪 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 姪仔 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 姪 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 阿姪 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 姪仔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 姪仔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 姪子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 姪子, 姪崽 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 姪子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 姪仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 阿姪 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 姪仔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 阿姪 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 姪子 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 姪子 |
| Hakka | Changting | 姪哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 姪子 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 孫哩, 姪哩 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 姪子, 老姪 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 姪仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 姪仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 姪仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 姪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 姪仔, 姪 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 姪子, 孫仔 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 姪子 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 姪 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 姪兒 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 姪仂 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 姪的 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 姪兒子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 姪兒子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 姪兒子 |
| Jin | Jining | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 姪兒, 姪兒子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 姪子, 姪兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 姪子 |
| Jin | Handan | 姪兒子 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 姪兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 姪兒子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping) | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Shunchang (Yangdun) | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 孫仔 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 孫仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 姪, 孫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 孫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 孫, 姪 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 孫囝 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 孫 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 孫 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 孫囝 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 孫囝 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 孫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 孫囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 孫囝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 姪仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 姪仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 叔孫仔, 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 姪仔, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 孫仔, 孫 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 姪仔 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 姪仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 逗孫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 姪 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 逗孫 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 孫 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 姪, 孫仔 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 孫, 姪 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 孫 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 孫, 丈夫孫 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 姪子 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 阿姪, 孫 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 孫仔 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 孫兒 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 孫子 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 孫子 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 孫子 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 孫子 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 姪子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 姪子 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 姪子 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 姪子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 阿姪, 姪子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 阿姪 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 阿姪, 姪兒子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 姪子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 姪兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 阿姪 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 阿姪 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 姪兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 姪兒子, 姪兒, 姪子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 姪兒子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 姪佬, 姪兒子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 姪兒 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 姪崽 |

#### Antonyms

* 甥 (shēng)

### Compounds

* 世姪 / 世侄 (shìzhí)
* 世姪女 / 世侄女
* 內姪 / 内侄 (nèizhí)
* 內姪女 / 内侄女
* 叔姪 / 叔侄 (shūzhí)
* 堂姪 / 堂侄
* 堂姪女 / 堂侄女
* 女姪 / 女侄
* 姪仔 / 侄仔
* 姪兒 / 侄儿
* 姪兒子 / 侄儿子
* 姪女 / 侄女 (zhínǚ)
* 姪女婿 / 侄女婿
* 姪婦 / 侄妇 (zhífù)
* 姪子 / 侄子 (zhízi)
* 姪孫 / 侄孙 (zhísūn)
* 姪男 / 侄男
* 嫡堂姪 / 嫡堂侄
* 子姪 / 子侄 (zǐzhí)
* 小姪 / 小侄 (xiǎozhí)
* 年姪 / 年侄
* 老賢姪 / 老贤侄
* 蠪姪 / 𰲴侄
* 表姪 / 表侄 (biǎozhí)
* 表姪女 / 表侄女 (biǎozhínǚ)
* 賢姪 / 贤侄
* 阿姪 / 阿侄

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00921

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: でち (dechi)、じち (jichi)
* Kan-on: てつ (tetsu)、ちつ (chitsu)
* Kun: めい (mei, 姪)、おい (oi, 姪)

#### Compounds

* 姪孫(てっそん) (tesson)
* 外姪(がいてつ) (gaitetsu)
* 叔姪(しゅくてつ) (shukutetsu)
* 女姪(じょてつ) (jotetsu)
* 令姪(れいてつ) (reitetsu)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 姪
* めい Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese; attested in the Ryūnoshūge (738) as 売比 ⟨me$_1$ pi$_1$⟩.
* ⟨me$_1$ pi$_1$⟩ → /mefi/ → /mei/
The initial me- has been frequently associated with 女 (me, “female”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) めい [méꜜì] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) めい [mèí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [me̞i]
* (Kyoto) め​い [méꜜì] (Kōki)
* Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
   * (the Heian period) LL
   * (the Edo period) HL
    ※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌). ※ References:

### Noun

姪(めい) • (mei)
* the daughter of one's sibling: a niece

#### Coordinate terms

* 甥(おい) (oi, “nephew”)

#### Derived terms

* 姪御(めいご) (meigo)
* 姪(めい)っ子(こ) (meikko)
* 孫姪(うまごめい) (umagomei)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 “めい［めひ］ 【姪】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean
### Hanja

姪 • (jil, jeol) (hangeul 질, 절, revised jil, jeol, McCune–Reischauer chil, chŏl)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

姪: Hán Nôm readings: điệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.