# giolc
## Irish
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* giol, giulc

#### Noun

giolc m (genitive singular giolca, nominative plural giolcacha)
* reed (grasslike plant)
    Synonym: giolcach

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
giolc
giolcacha
vocative
a ghiolc
a ghiolcacha
genitive
giolca
giolcacha
dative
giolc
giolcacha
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an giolc
na giolcacha
genitive
an ghiolca
na ngiolcacha
dative
leis an ngiolc don ghiolc
leis na giolcacha :

##### Derived terms

* giolcach

#### Verb

giolc (present analytic giolcann, future analytic giolcfaidh, verbal noun giolcadh, past participle giolctha)
* to beat (with a rod), cane
    Synonym: buail le slat

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh |
| past participle | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | giolcaim | giolcann tú; giolcair$^†$ | giolcann sé, sí | giolcaimid | giolcann sibh | giolcann siad; giolcaid$^†$ | a ghiolcann; a ghiolcas / a ngiolcann* | giolctar |
| past | ghiolc mé; ghiolcas | ghiolc tú; ghiolcais | ghiolc sé, sí | ghiolcamar; ghiolc muid | ghiolc sibh; ghiolcabhair | ghiolc siad; ghiolcadar | a ghiolc / ar ghiolc* | giolcadh |
| past habitual | ghiolcainn / ngiolcainn‡‡ | ghiolctá / ngiolctá‡‡ | ghiolcadh sé, sí / ngiolcadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghiolcaimis; ghiolcadh muid / ngiolcaimis‡‡; ngiolcadh muid‡‡ | ghiolcadh sibh / ngiolcadh sibh‡‡ | ghiolcaidís; ghiolcadh siad / ngiolcaidís‡‡; ngiolcadh siad‡‡ | a ghiolcadh / a ngiolcadh* | ghiolctaí / ngiolctaí‡‡ |
| future | giolcfaidh mé; giolcfad | giolcfaidh tú; giolcfair$^†$ | giolcfaidh sé, sí | giolcfaimid; giolcfaidh muid | giolcfaidh sibh | giolcfaidh siad; giolcfaid$^†$ | a ghiolcfaidh; a ghiolcfas / a ngiolcfaidh* | giolcfar |
| conditional | ghiolcfainn / ngiolcfainn‡‡ | ghiolcfá / ngiolcfá‡‡ | ghiolcfadh sé, sí / ngiolcfadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghiolcfaimis; ghiolcfadh muid / ngiolcfaimis‡‡; ngiolcfadh muid‡‡ | ghiolcfadh sibh / ngiolcfadh sibh‡‡ | ghiolcfaidís; ghiolcfadh siad / ngiolcfaidís‡‡; ngiolcfadh siad‡‡ | a ghiolcfadh / a ngiolcfadh* | ghiolcfaí / ngiolcfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go ngiolca mé; go ngiolcad$^†$ | go ngiolca tú; go ngiolcair$^†$ | go ngiolca sé, sí | go ngiolcaimid; go ngiolca muid | go ngiolca sibh | go ngiolca siad; go ngiolcaid$^†$ | — | go ngiolctar |
| past | dá ngiolcainn | dá ngiolctá | dá ngiolcadh sé, sí | dá ngiolcaimis; dá ngiolcadh muid | dá ngiolcadh sibh | dá ngiolcaidís; dá ngiolcadh siad | — | dá ngiolctaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | giolcaim | giolc | giolcadh sé, sí | giolcaimis | giolcaigí; giolcaidh$^†$ | giolcaidís | — | giolctar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* giulc

#### Noun

giolc m (genitive singular giolca, nominative plural giolcacha)
* underhand throw
    Synonym: caitheamh faoi láimh

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
giolc
giolcacha
vocative
a ghiolc
a ghiolcacha
genitive
giolca
giolcacha
dative
giolc
giolcacha
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an giolc
na giolcacha
genitive
an ghiolca
na ngiolcacha
dative
leis an ngiolc don ghiolc
leis na giolcacha :

### Etymology 3

The Internet sense is a semantic loan from English tweet.

#### Verb

giolc (present analytic giolcann, future analytic giolcfaidh, verbal noun giolcadh, past participle giolctha)
* to tweet (make a short high-pitched sound)
    Synonym: gíog
* (Internet) to tweet (post an update to Twitter)
    Synonym: tvuíteáil

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh | giolcadh |
| past participle | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha | giolctha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | giolcaim | giolcann tú; giolcair$^†$ | giolcann sé, sí | giolcaimid | giolcann sibh | giolcann siad; giolcaid$^†$ | a ghiolcann; a ghiolcas / a ngiolcann* | giolctar |
| past | ghiolc mé; ghiolcas | ghiolc tú; ghiolcais | ghiolc sé, sí | ghiolcamar; ghiolc muid | ghiolc sibh; ghiolcabhair | ghiolc siad; ghiolcadar | a ghiolc / ar ghiolc* | giolcadh |
| past habitual | ghiolcainn / ngiolcainn‡‡ | ghiolctá / ngiolctá‡‡ | ghiolcadh sé, sí / ngiolcadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghiolcaimis; ghiolcadh muid / ngiolcaimis‡‡; ngiolcadh muid‡‡ | ghiolcadh sibh / ngiolcadh sibh‡‡ | ghiolcaidís; ghiolcadh siad / ngiolcaidís‡‡; ngiolcadh siad‡‡ | a ghiolcadh / a ngiolcadh* | ghiolctaí / ngiolctaí‡‡ |
| future | giolcfaidh mé; giolcfad | giolcfaidh tú; giolcfair$^†$ | giolcfaidh sé, sí | giolcfaimid; giolcfaidh muid | giolcfaidh sibh | giolcfaidh siad; giolcfaid$^†$ | a ghiolcfaidh; a ghiolcfas / a ngiolcfaidh* | giolcfar |
| conditional | ghiolcfainn / ngiolcfainn‡‡ | ghiolcfá / ngiolcfá‡‡ | ghiolcfadh sé, sí / ngiolcfadh sé, sí‡‡ | ghiolcfaimis; ghiolcfadh muid / ngiolcfaimis‡‡; ngiolcfadh muid‡‡ | ghiolcfadh sibh / ngiolcfadh sibh‡‡ | ghiolcfaidís; ghiolcfadh siad / ngiolcfaidís‡‡; ngiolcfadh siad‡‡ | a ghiolcfadh / a ngiolcfadh* | ghiolcfaí / ngiolcfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go ngiolca mé; go ngiolcad$^†$ | go ngiolca tú; go ngiolcair$^†$ | go ngiolca sé, sí | go ngiolcaimid; go ngiolca muid | go ngiolca sibh | go ngiolca siad; go ngiolcaid$^†$ | — | go ngiolctar |
| past | dá ngiolcainn | dá ngiolctá | dá ngiolcadh sé, sí | dá ngiolcaimis; dá ngiolcadh muid | dá ngiolcadh sibh | dá ngiolcaidís; dá ngiolcadh siad | — | dá ngiolctaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | giolcaim | giolc | giolcadh sé, sí | giolcaimis | giolcaigí; giolcaidh$^†$ | giolcaidís | — | giolctar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ “giolc”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* ↑ “giolc”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “giolc”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “giolcaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “giolc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “giolc”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025