# 吐瀉
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tùxiè
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^3$ se$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tou$^4$ sia$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thò͘-sià
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tùxiè
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tùsiè
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^4$-hsieh$^4$
*** Yale: tù-syè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuhshieh
*** Palladius: тусе (tuse)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^3$ se$^3$
*** Yale: tou se
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^3$ se$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^3$ sé$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³³ sɛː³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tou$^4$ sia$^4$ [Phonetic: tou$^1$ lia$^4$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: to̍-sia̍
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔu⁴²⁻⁵⁵ $^{(ɬ-)}$lia⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò͘-sià
*** Tâi-lô: thòo-sià
*** Phofsit Daibuun: torsiax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ sia²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sia⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ sia²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ sia¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ sia²¹/

### Verb

吐瀉
* (medicine) to vomit and have diarrhea

#### Synonyms

* (Hokkien) 落吐瀉／落吐泻

#### Derived terms

* 吐瀉症 / 吐泻症
* 病吐瀉 / 病吐泻
* 霍亂吐瀉 / 霍乱吐泻

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 吐(と)瀉(しゃ) (tosha)
* → Korean: 토사(吐瀉) (tosa)
* → Vietnamese: thổ tả (吐瀉)

### Noun

吐瀉
* (Hokkien, Puxian Min, Fuqing Eastern Min) cholera

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 霍亂, 虎疫 dated |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 霍亂, 霍利拉, 虎列拉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 緊霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 霍亂症 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 虎利拉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 霍亂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 霍亂, 霍亂症, 痧, 起痧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 霍亂, 虎列拉 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 零二, 虎列拉 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 霍亂 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 霍亂, 轉腿肚子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 痧 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 霍亂, 霍亂病 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 霍亂 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 霍亂, 痧子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 霍亂 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 霍亂, 霍亂病, 霍利拉 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 霍亂病 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 霍亂病 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Rongcheng | 霍亂病 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 霍亂病 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 霍亂, 呼浪兒病 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 霍亂, 霍亂症, 二號病 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 霍亂, 霍亂病 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 霍亂, 霍亂轉筋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 霍亂, 發痧, 虎列拉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 霍亂 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 霍亂, 汗病 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 霍亂病, 二號病 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 霍亂 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 霍亂 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 霍亂 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 霍亂, 羊毛釘 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 霍亂 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 霍亂, 痧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 霍亂, 二號病 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 霍亂, 發痧, 出痧子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 二號病, 屙秋痢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 發痧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 痧子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 霍亂症 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 霍亂, 痧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 霍亂, 二號病 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 霍亂 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 霍亂 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 霍亂, 鬼偷肉, 痧子, 癟腡痧 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 霍亂, 癟腡痧, 絞腸痧 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 霍亂病, 起痧, 痧子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 霍亂症, 二號病 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 癟腡痧, 絞腸痧, 二號病 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 霍亂 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 霍亂, 癟腡痧, 上吐下瀉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 霍亂 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 霍亂, 霍亂症 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 霍亂 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 霍亂 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 霍亂 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 霍亂 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 霍亂 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 霍亂 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 可列拉, 濕熱症 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 濕熱 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 霍亂, 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 霍亂, 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 霍亂, 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 霍亂, 可列拉 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 絞腸痧 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 霍亂 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 霍亂子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Datong | 霍亂子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 霍亂子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 霍亂兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Linhe | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Jining | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 霍亂子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 霍亂子 |
| Jin | Handan | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 霍亂 |
| Jin | Suide | 霍亂兒症 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 病吐瀉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 病吐瀉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 吐瀉, 病吐瀉 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 霍亂, 落吐症, 落吐, 漏吐症 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 霍亂, 落吐症, 落吐 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 霍亂, 嘔落, 吐瀉, 落吐症, 落吐, 落吐瀉 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 吐瀉 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 落吐症, 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 呼列拉, 落吐症, 落吐瀉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 呼列拉, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 呼列拉, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 呼列拉, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 吐瀉 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 呼列拉, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 呼列拉, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 霍亂, 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 落瀉吐 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 呼列拉 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 落吐症 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 吐瀉落, 馬列拉 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 嘔吐瀉 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 吐瀉, 吐瀉症 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 吐瀉 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 發儂瘟 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 霍亂, 人瘟 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 霍亂 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 霍亂, 冷麻痧, 絞腸痧 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 麻痧, 霍亂吐瀉 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 癟腡痧 |
| Wu | Danyang | 癟腡痧 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 癟腡痧 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 霍亂吐瀉, 時疫病, 癟腡痧 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 兩頭脫 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 霍亂 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 霍亂症 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 霍亂症 |

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “吐泻”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 548.