# Paris
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin herba Paris (Herba Paris), Paris herba, from Latin herba and Latin par (“equal”), in reference to the regularity of its leaves, petals, etc. See image.

### Proper noun

Paris
* A taxonomic genus within the family Melanthiaceae – herb Paris and its close relatives, native to Asia and Europe.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, monocots – clades; Liliales – order; Melanthiaceae – family; Parideae - tribe

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Paris quadrifolia - type species; for other species see Paris on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

### References

* Paris on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Paris on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Paris on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Paris at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Paris at Germplasm Resources Information Network
* Paris at Tropicos

## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, New York City, Boston, Philadelphia) IPA: /ˈpæ.ɹɪs/
* (General American, Canada, Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA: /ˈpɛɹ.ɪs/
** Audio (US, Mary–marry–merry merger):(file)
** Audio (US, Mary–marry–merry merger):(file)
* Rhymes: -æɹɪs
* Homophone: Perris (Mary–marry–merry merger)
* (rare, after French) IPA: /pəˈri/

### Etymology 1

From Middle English Parys, Paris, from Old French Paris, from the Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lutetia Parisiorum (“Lutetia of the Parisii”), from Latin Parīsiī, a Gaulish tribe, from Transalpine Gaulish *parios (“cauldron”), from Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-. Doublet of Parizh.

#### Proper noun

Paris
* The capital and largest city of France.
** 1996, Eldon Black, “Prologue: 1960-1967”, in Direct Intervention: Canada-France Relations, 1967-1974‎, Carleton University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 9:And of course, in July 1967 De Gaulle did come to Canada. He made his speeches in Quebec, was enthusiastically received on the Chemin du Roy, shouted “Vive le Quebec libre” in Montreal and, on learning of the reaction of the Canadian government, returned to Paris without going to Ottawa.
* A department of Île-de-France, France.
* (metonymically) The government of France.
* A locale named after the French city.
** A hamlet in Jutland, Denmark.
** A hamlet in New Valley, Egypt.
** A former settlement in Yukon, Canada.
** A former settlement in Kiritimati, Kiribati.
** A locale in the United States.
*** A city in Arkansas, United States and one of the two county seats of Logan County.
*** A city, the county seat of Bear Lake County, Idaho.
*** A city, the county seat of Edgar County, Illinois.
*** An unincorporated community in Jefferson County and Jennings County, Indiana.
*** An unincorporated community in Linn County, Iowa.
*** A city, the county seat of Bourbon County, Kentucky.
*** A town, the county seat of Oxford County, Maine.
*** An unincorporated community in Green Charter Township, Mecosta County, Michigan.
*** A census-designated place in Lafayette County, Mississippi.
*** A city, the county seat of Monroe County, Missouri; named for the city in Kentucky.
*** An unincorporated community in the towns of Dummer and Stark, Coos County, New Hampshire.
*** A town in Oneida County, New York; named for early benefactor Col. Isaac Paris.
*** A township and unincorporated community therein, in Stark County, Ohio.
*** An unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon; named for postmaster G. E. Parris.
*** A census-designated place in Hanover Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania.
*** A city, the county seat of Lamar County, Texas.
*** A city, the county seat of Henry County, Tennessee.
*** An unincorporated community in Fauquier County, Virginia.
*** A town in Grant County, Wisconsin.
*** A town and unincorporated community therein, in Kenosha County, Wisconsin; named for the town in New York.
*** A number of townships in the United States, listed under Paris Township.
* A community of Ontario; named for nearby gypsum deposits, used to make plaster of Paris (itself named for the city).
* An English habitational surname from Old French for someone from Paris.
* A male given name from place name.
* A female given name transferred from the place name, of modern usage, usually from the French city.

##### Alternative forms

* (capital city of France): Paree (humorous, deliberate misspelling)
* (English habitational surname): Parish, Parris, Parrish, Pares

##### Derived terms

* Paris daisy
* Paris green
* Parisian
* Parisianism
* Paris line
* Paris of the East
* Paris syndrome
* Paris white
* plaster of Paris

##### Descendants

* → Arabic: بارِيس (bārīs), بَارِيز (bārīz) — dated, پَارِيس (pārīs) — rare
** → Afar: Baaríis
** → Somali: Baaríis
* → Hindi: पेरिस (peris)
* → Urdu: پَیرِس (pairis)
** → Punjabi: پَیرَس (pairas)

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

#### Proper noun

Paris
* (Greek mythology) A Trojan prince who eloped with Helen.
* A male given name from Ancient Greek, from the Trojan hero.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3
#### Proper noun

Paris
* A French surname originating as a patronymic, ultimately from Latin Patricius.

##### Alternative forms

* Parise, Pariset, Parez, Paresse, Parisot, Pariseau, Parizeau, Parris, de Paris, Parizot, Parizet

### Etymology 4
#### Proper noun

Paris
* An English surname of Celtic origin, a variant of Parris.

### Etymology 5
#### Proper noun

Paris
* A Belgian surname, a variant of Parys.

### Etymology 6
#### Proper noun

Paris
* A Sicilian surname, a variant of Parigi.

### Etymology 7
#### Proper noun

Paris
* A Spanish surname, a variant of Aparicio.

### References

* ↑ Nicole Lenoir-Jourdan (2022 December 28) “Emily in Paris goes to Provence and other exotic locations”, in First Class Magazine‎, archived from the original on 2023-02-01: “Emily in Paris (pronounced Paree – see it rhymes) is regaling us with even more incredible locations in season three including the Loire Valley and Provence.”
* ↑ “Parisianism”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

### Anagrams

* Sapir, Pairs, raips, Ripas, pairs, Parsi

## Azerbaijani
### Proper noun

Paris (definite accusative Parisi, plural Parislər)
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

#### Declension
## Central Nahuatl
### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital city of France)

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Old French Paris, from Latin Lutetia Parīsiōrum.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰɑˈʁiˀs]

#### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

### Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpʰɑːis]

#### Proper noun

Paris
* (mythology) Paris (prince of Troy, abductor of Helen)

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.ʁi/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: pari, parie

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French Paris, from Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lūtētia Parīsiōrum (“Lutetia of the Parisii”), from Latin Parīsiī, a Gaulish tribe.

#### Proper noun

Paris m or f (mostly m)
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)
    Synonym: (slang) Paname
    Paris est beaucoup moins bruyant en étéParis is much less noisy in summer
    Paris est vraiment belle la nuitParis is really beautiful at night
* Paris (a department of Île-de-France, France)

##### Derived terms

* avec des si on mettrait Paris en bouteille
* circée de Paris
* Paris de l’Orient
* Paris des Antilles
* Paris ne s’est pas fait en un jour
* syndrome de Paris

##### Related terms

* parigot
* Paris-Brest, paris-brest
* parisianiser, parisianisant, parisianisé
* parisianisme
* parisianite
* parisien
* parisine
* parisis

##### Descendants

* → English: Paris, Paree (humorous, deliberate misspelling), Parish, Parris, Parrish, Pares
** → Arabic: بارِيس (bārīs), بَارِيز (bārīz) — dated, پَارِيس (pārīs) — rare
*** → Afar: Baaríis
*** → Somali: Baaríis
** → Hindi: पेरिस (peris)
** → Urdu: پَیرِس (pairis)
*** → Punjabi: پَیرَس (pairas)

### Etymology 2

Partially from Occitan París and most generally from a variant of the given name Patrice; ultimately from Latin Patricius.

#### Proper noun

Paris m or f
* a common surname

#### Further reading

* Michel Grosclaude, Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille gascons, Orthez, per noste, 2003, →ISBN, page 205
* filae.com

### References

* ↑ Michel Grosclaude, Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille gascons, Orthez, per noste, 2003, →ISBN, page 205

### Anagrams

* pairs, prias, ripas

## German
### Etymology 1

From Middle High German Pārīs, from Old French Paris. The modern form follows non-diphthongising dialects, obviously reinforced by Modern French. The form Pareis still survives dialectally; compare also Luxembourgish Paräis, Dutch Parijs.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈʁiːs/, (dated also) /paˈʁɪs/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iːs

#### Proper noun

Paris n (proper noun, genitive Paris' or (rare) Parisens or (with an article) Paris)
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

##### Alternative forms

* Pareis (obsolete)

##### Derived terms

* Pariser
* parisisch

### Etymology 2

From Latin Paris, from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaːʁɪs/

#### Proper noun

Paris m (proper noun, strong, genitive Paris' or (learned) Paridis or (with an article) Paris)
* (Greek mythology) Paris

### Further reading

* “Paris” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Paris” in Duden online
* “Paris” in Duden online

## Hausa
### Etymology

From English Paris.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /páː.rìs/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [páː.rɪ̀s]

### Proper noun

Pār̃ìs f
* Paris (a city in France)

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpa.ris/, [ˈpärɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpa.ris/, [ˈpäːris]

### Proper noun

Paris m sg (genitive Paridis or Paridos); third declension
* (Greek mythology) A Trojan prince who eloped with Helen.
* a male given name from Ancient Greek, from the Trojan hero

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (non-Greek-type or Greek-type, normal variant), singular only.
$^1$In poetry.

## Middle English
### Proper noun

Paris
* Alternative form of Parys

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

## Old French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈɾis/

### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of modern France)

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Paris.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /paˈɾis/
* (Brazil) IPA: /paˈɾis/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /paˈɾiʃ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɐˈɾiʃ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ
* Hyphenation: Pa‧ris

### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)
** 2012, Luís Fernando Veríssimo, “A tia que caiu no Sena”, in Diálogos Impossíveis, Rio de Janeiro: Editora Objetiva, →ISBN, page 63:Alda contou para o grupo que a tia Belinha tinha ido sozinha a Paris e lá conhecera um conde francês, ligeiramente arruinado e ligeiramente maluco, com quem tivera um tórrido caso de verão. Numa noite quente, dançando numa margem do Sena, depois de muitos copos de champanhe, os dois tinham tropeçado e...(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Usage notes

Paris is never indicated by an article; see usage notes for Portugal.

#### Derived terms

* gesso de Paris
* parisiano
* parisiense

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Paris f
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈparis]

### Proper noun

Paris m pers (genitive singular Parida, declension pattern of chlap)
* (Greek mythology) Paris
* a male given name from Ancient Greek, from the Trojan hero

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πάρις (Páris).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɾis/ [ˈpa.ɾis]
* Rhymes: -aɾis
* Syllabification: Pa‧ris

### Proper noun

Paris m
* (Greek mythology) Paris, the Trojan prince

### See also

* París (“Paris (city)”)

### Anagrams

* pisar
* prisa

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From Old French Paris.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈriːs/
* Rhymes: -iːs
* Audio (Småland):(file)

#### Proper noun

Paris n (genitive Paris)
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

##### Derived terms

* parisare
* parisisk
* parisiska

### Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek Πᾰ́ρῐς (Pắrĭs).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑːrɪs/
* Rhymes: -¹ɑːrɪs
* Audio (Småland):(file)

#### Proper noun

Paris c (genitive Paris)
* (Greek mythology) Paris (Trojan prince)

### References

* Paris in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* Svensk MeSH

### Anagrams

* prisa, ripas, sirap, spira

## Tatar
### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

#### References

* Azatliq.org

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish پارس (paris), from French Paris.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paːɾis/
* Hyphenation: Pa‧ris

### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital and largest city of France)

#### Derived terms

* Parisli

## Walloon
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.ʀi/

### Proper noun

Paris
* Paris (the capital city of France)

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈparɪs/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈpa(ː)rɪs/
* Rhymes: -arɪs

### Proper noun

Paris f
* Paris (the capital city of France)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.