# Kingston
## English
### Etymology

In the case of settlements outside England, from king's + -ton (“town”), in reference to monarchs of the British Empire. In the case of settlements within England, a development from earlier Old English Cinges tūn or Cynges tūn (“king's town or manor”), in reference to various monarchs. Sometimes derived from other places already named Kingston or, particularly in America, from people with the surname King. Doublet of Kingstown, Kingstone, Conington, and Cunnington. Cf. also Kingsville, Kingsburg, Conisbrough, Coniston, Coniston Cold, Queenstown, Queenston, Princeton, Princetown, and Princes Town.
In particular, the community founded in New Brunswick in 1783 in the aftermath of the American Revolution may have been named as a sign of loyalty to George III; its parish was named for the community. The village in Nova Scotia was named for its district (Kings County) and the unrealized hope that it would become a town. The surname is derived from the various locations named Kingston.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɪŋ.stən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: King‧ston
* Rhymes: -ɪŋstən

### Proper noun

Kingston
* The capital and largest city of Jamaica; it is also the capital of its eponymous parish.
* A parish of Jamaica; named for the city which it comprises the inner part of.
* Places in Australia:
** A suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
** The capital of Norfolk Island.
** A suburb of Logan, Queensland.
** The former name of a town in South Australia, now Kingston SE.
** A town and suburb in Kingborough council area, near Hobart, Tasmania.
** A small town in the Shire of Hepburn, Victoria.
** The City of Kingston, a local government area in south-east Melbourne, Victoria.
* Places in Canada:
** A civil parish of Kings County, New Brunswick, Canada.
** A community of Kings County, New Brunswick.
** An unincorporated community in Division No. 1, Subdivision G, Newfoundland and Labrador.
** A village in Nova Scotia. [From 1916]
    Synonym: Kingston Station (historical)
** A city in Frontenac County, Ontario.
** A community and rural municipality of Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.
* Places in England:
** A district in Kents Hill, Monkston and Brinklow parish, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire (OS grid ref SP9038).
** A small village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire district, Cambridgeshire (OS grid ref TL3455).
** A civil parish and small village in South Hams district, Devon (OS grid ref SX6347).
** A hamlet in Hazelbury Bryan parish, Dorset, previously in North Dorset district (OS grid ref ST7509).
** A small village in Corfe Castle parish, on the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset (OS grid ref SY9579).
** A town in the borough of Kingston upon Thames, Greater London, formally Kingston upon Thames.
** A residential area of Portsmouth, Hampshire (OS grid ref SU6501).
** A small settlement in Shorwell parish, Isle of Wight (OS grid ref SZ4781).
** A village and civil parish in Canterbury district, Kent (OS grid ref TR1951).
* Places in Scotland:
** A hamlet in East Lothian council area (OS grid ref NT5482).
** An inner city area of Glasgow (OS grid ref NS5864).
** A coastal village in Moray council area (OS grid ref NJ3365).
* Places in New Zealand:
** A small town at the south end of Lake Wakatipu, Otago, in the South Island, New Zealand.
** A suburb of Wellington, New Zealand.
* Places in the United States:
** An unincorporated community in Autauga County, Alabama.
** An unincorporated community in Madison County, Alabama.
** A ghost town in Kings County, California, formerly in Fresno County.
** A small city in Bartow County, Georgia.
** An unincorporated community in Shoshone County, Idaho.
** A village in DeKalb County, Illinois.
** An unincorporated community in Adams County, Illinois.
** An unincorporated community in Decatur County, Indiana.
** An unincorporated community in Des Moines County, Iowa.
** An unincorporated community in DeSoto Parish, Louisiana.
** An unincorporated community in Somerset County, Maryland.
** A small city, the county seat of Caldwell County, Missouri.
** A coastal town and census-designated place in Plymouth County, Massachusetts.
** A village in Tuscola County, Michigan.
** An unincorporated town and census-designated place in Lander County, Nevada.
** A town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire.
** An unincorporated community and census-designated place in Middlesex County and Franklin County, New Jersey.
** A census-designated place in Sierra County, New Mexico.
** A city, the county seat of Ulster County, New York.
** A town in Ulster County, New York, north of the city.
** A village in Ross County, Ohio.
** A town in Marshall County, Oklahoma.
** An unincorporated community in Linn County, Oregon.
** A borough of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.
** A village and census-designated place in South Kingstown, Washington County, Rhode Island.
** A city, the county seat of Roane County, Tennessee.
** A town in Piute County, Utah.
** An unincorporated community and census-designated place in Kitsap County, Washington.
** A town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin.
** A town in Juneau County, Wisconsin.
** A number of townships in the United States, listed under Kingston Township.
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Chesterton and Kingston
* Kingston Blount
* Kingston by Sea
* Kingston near Lewes
* Kingston on Soar
* Kingston Park
* Kingston's metal
* Kingston St Mary
* Kingston upon Hull
* Kingston upon Thames
* Kingston valve

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Parish map (Cambridgeshire)
* ↑ Parish map (South Hams, Devon)
* ↑ Parish map (Kent)
* ↑ NZ Topo Map (Otago)
* ↑ NZ Topo Map (Wellington)

### Anagrams

* stonking

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɪŋkston]

### Proper noun

Kingston m inan (relational adjective kingstonský)
* Kingston (the capital city of Jamaica)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Kingston”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Italian
### Proper noun

Kingston f
* Kingston (the capital city of Jamaica)

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Kingston, from Old English Cinges tūn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkiŋk.stɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iŋkstɔn
* Syllabification: King‧ston

### Proper noun

Kingston m inan
* Kingston (the capital city of Jamaica)

#### Derived terms

* kingstoński
* kingstonka
* kingstończyk

### Further reading

* Kingston in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkĩ.ɡu.is.tõ/ [ˈkĩ.ɡʊ.is.tõ], /ˈkĩ.ɡis.tõ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkĩ.ɡu.is.tõ/ [ˈkĩ.ɡʊ.is.tõ], /ˈkĩ.ɡis.tõ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈkĩ.ɡu.iʃ.tõ/ [ˈkĩ.ɡʊ.iʃ.tõ], /ˈkĩ.ɡiʃ.tõ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈkĩ.ɡiʃ.tɔn/

### Proper noun

Kingston f
* Kingston (the capital city of Jamaica)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkinɡstɔn]

### Proper noun

Kingston m inan (genitive singular Kingstonu)
* Kingston (the capital of Jamaica)

### References

* “Kingston”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkinston/ [ˈkĩns.t̪õn]
* Rhymes: -inston

### Proper noun

Kingston ?
* Kingston (the capital city of Jamaica)