# ta
## Translingual
### Symbol

ta
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Tamil.

## English
### Etymology 1

Uncertain, but possibly young child's pronunciation of thanks.
Alternatively, derived from Danish tak, from Old Norse þǫkk, from Proto-Germanic *þankō, *þankaz.

#### Alternative forms

* taa

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑː/, [tʰɑː]
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː

#### Interjection

ta
* (colloquial, chiefly Commonwealth, UK, Ireland) Thanks.
    Ta for the cup of tea.
* (Commonwealth, childish) give (imperative)
    Mummy needs the bottle back. Ta!

##### Usage notes

The expression ta ta differs, meaning goodbye.

##### See also

* ta everso
* ta muchly

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tə/

#### Preposition

ta
* Pronunciation spelling of to, representing the standard unstressed pronunciation before consonants.

### Etymology 3

Altered from si in the 19th century to prevent having two notes of the musical scale starting with the same letter, to become ti. vowel changed to 'a' to signify a flattened note.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑː/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː

#### Noun

ta (uncountable)
* (music) In solfège, the lowered seventh note of a major scale (the note B-flat in the fixed-do system): te.
    Synonyms: te, B-flat, li

### See also

* pok-ta-pok
* ta-da
* Yah-ta-hey

### References

* ↑ “ta”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
* ↑ "ta" in Oxford Living Dictionaries

### Anagrams

* 'at, A-T, A/T, AT, at, at-

## Abenaki
### Conjunction

ta
* and

## Afar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/ [ˈtʌ]

### Determiner

tá
* this, these (feminine)

#### Derived terms

* tákke

#### See also
### References

* E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “ta”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
* Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

## Aghu Tharrnggala
### Verb

ta
* see

### Further reading

* Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

## Ama
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Noun

ta
* fire

## Angloromani
### Alternative forms

* da, te, ti

### Etymology

From Romani thaj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtʰə]

### Conjunction

ta
* and

### References

* “ta”, in Angloromani Dictionary‎, The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006

## Aragonese

Alternative form of enta

### Etymology

Maybe borrowed from Occitan entà, used only in Gascon.

### Preposition

ta
* toward, towards
    Ta la dreta ye la botiga de Francho. ― To the right is Francho's shop.
* Alternative form of pa (in benasqués and chistavín)

## Aromanian
### Alternative forms

* a ta
* (a) tauã

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *ta, from Latin tua, feminine of tuus. Compare Romanian ta.

### Pronoun

ta f (masculine tãu, feminine plural tali or tale, masculine plural tãi)
* feminine singular of tãu (“your”)

## Asturian
### Verb

ta
* third-person singular present indicative of tar

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology 1

From Persian تا.

#### Particle

ta
* all the way (adds emphasis to the measurement of a physical or temporal distance; coupled with kimi (“until”), qədər (“until”), -dək (“until”) or -cən (“until”))
    Dəniz qırağına kimi qaçdı. ― S/he ran till the seaside.
    Ta dəniz qırağına kimi qaçdı. (the longness emphasized) ― S/he ran all the way till the seaside.
    Səni görmək üçün ta burayacan yol gəldim. ― I came a long way all the way here to see you.
    ta indiyə qədər davam edən dava ― a conflict continuing all the way until now

#### Further reading

* “ta” in Obastan.com.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic طَاء (ṭāʔ).

#### Noun

ta (definite accusative tanı, plural talar)
* the Arabic letter ط

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “ta” in Obastan.com.

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/ [t̪a]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: ta

### Conjunction

ta
* Alternative form of eta (“and”)

### Further reading

* “ta”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Bassa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tʰa]

### Noun

ta
* tip (extremity)

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

## Bikol Central
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *ta.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/ [ta]

#### Pronoun

tá (Basahan spelling ᜆ)
* by us, of us (including the person spoken to)
    Linigan ta an kuwarto mo.Let's (Let us) clean your room.
* our
    Mga pirang lakaw sana an harong ta.Our house is just a few walks away.

##### Synonyms

* niyato

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *taq.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaʔ/ [ˈtaʔ]

#### Conjunction

tà (Basahan spelling ᜆ)
* because
    Synonyms: huli, dahil, porke
    Nag(p)uli na sana kami, ta banggi na.We just went home because it's already nighttime.

##### See also

* huli ta
* tano

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/ [ˈt̪a]

### Pronoun

ta (Badlit spelling ᜆ)
* we, us (1st personal plural inclusive short absolutive form)

#### See also

$^1$ Forms in this column are placed after the verb or predicate they modify, and never used at the start of sentences. $^2$ Forms in this column are literary and rarely used colloquially. $^3$ Ta is used over nako or ko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.

## Central Huasteca Nahuatl
### Pronoun

ta
* you

## Chamorro
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kita, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kita. Doublet of hit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tæ/

### Pronoun

ta
* we (inclusive)

#### Usage notes

* ta is used solely as a subject of a transitive verb, while hit is used either as a subject of an intransitive verb or an object of a transitive verb.

#### References

* Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar‎, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish clipping of está.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/, [ˈt̪a]

### Particle

ta
* indicates the present tense

## Chinese
### Pronoun

ta
* Alternative form of TA (tā)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈta]
* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

ta
* inflection of ten:
** nominative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative neuter plural

### Further reading

* “ta”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ta”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “ta”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dama (Sierra Leone)
### Etymology

Cognate with Vai ꕚꕌ (táá).

### Verb

ta
* go

### References

* Dalby, T. D. P. (1963) “The extinct language of Dama”, in Sierra Leone Language Review, volume 2, Freetown: Fourah Bay College, pages 50–54

## Danish
### Verb

ta
* Clipping of tage.

## Drung
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rta.

### Noun

ta
* horse

### References

* Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎, Santa Barbara: University of California

## Dupaningan Agta
### Conjunction

ta
* because

## Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl
### Pronoun

ta
* second person; you (singular)

### See also

* taha

## Estonian
### Etymology

Abbreviation of tema, from Proto-Finnic *tämä, from Proto-Uralic *tä. Cognate with Finnish tämä and Northern Sami dát.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑ/

### Pronoun

ta (genitive ta, partitive teda, long form tema)
* he/she (3rd person singular animate personal pronoun)

#### Usage notes

* Used unstressed in a sentence; when the pronoun is stressed, tema is used.

#### See also
### Further reading

* “ta”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
* “ta”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
* ta in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

## Ewe
### Noun

ta
* chapter
* head (part of the body)

### Verb

ta
* to castrate
* to crawl (to move slowly on hands and knees)
* to neuter

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tɛa]

### Pronoun

ta (demonstrative)
* that, accusative singular feminine form of tann
    ta ferðinaat that (certain) time

#### Declension

† obsolete

## Franco-Provençal
### Determiner

ta
* feminine singular of ton

## French
### Etymology

From Old French ta, from Latin tua, feminine of tuus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/
* Audio:(file)

### Determiner

ta f
* your
    Quel âge a ta grand-mère ?How old is your grandmother?

#### Related terms
### Further reading

* “ta”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Greenlandic
### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /ta/, [ta]

### Interjection

ta
* Alternative spelling of taa

#### References

* DAKA
* Lorentzen, S. Den grønlandske ordbog, at oqaasileriffik.gl

## Haitian Creole
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Etymology 1

From French tard (“late”).

#### Adjective

ta
* late

### Etymology 2
#### Adverb

ta
* Indicates the conditional mood.
* Indicating conditionality or potentiality in order to express a sense of politeness, tentativeness, indirectness, hesitancy, uncertainty, etc.

## Hawaiian
### Article

ta
* Niʻihau form of ka (“the”)
    Ta matua.The parent.

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Pronoun

ta (plural ti)
* Alternative form of ita (“that person, that thing”)
    Ta esas plu forta, ma ca plu bela. ― That person is stronger, but this person is prettier.

### Determiner

ta
* Alternative form of ita
    Ta kamizo esas verda. ― That shirt is green.

## Indo-Portuguese
### Etymology

From Portuguese está (“is”), third-person singular present indicative of estar (“to be”).

### Particle

ta
* forms the progressive aspect
** 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:[…] , que da-cá su quião que ta pertencê a êll. […] , to give him his share which belongs (literally: is belonging) to him.

## Japanese
### Romanization

ta
* The hiragana syllable た (ta) or the katakana syllable タ (ta) in Hepburn romanization.

## Kaingang
### Noun

ta
* rain

## Karelian

Regional variants of ta :
| North Karelian (Viena) | ta |
| South Karelian (Tver) | da |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian да (da).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɑ/
* Hyphenation: ta

### Conjunction

ta
* (North Karelian) and

### References

* Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “ta”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎, Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN
* P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “и”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN

## Kikuyu
### Particle

ta (followed by noun or pronoun)
* like, as

### References

* ↑ “ta$^1$” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 422. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

## Kuku-Thaypan
### Verb

ta
* see

### Further reading

* Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

## Kusunda
### Pronoun

ta
* this (inanimate)
    nəti ta ― What is this?
    Synonym: na (animate)

### References

* David E. Watters (2006) “Notes on Kusunda Grammar: A Language Isolate of Nepal”, in Himalayan Linguistics‎, page 48

## Lala (South Africa)
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

### Verb

-ta
* to come

## Lutuv
### Pronunciation

IPA: /təə/

### Verb

ta
* to say

### References

* Grayson Ziegler (2022) “Tenselessness in Hnaring Lutuv”, in Indiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎, volume 3, number 1

## Lithuanian
### Pronoun

ta
* nominative/instrumental feminine singular of tas

## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* tämā

### Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *tä. Compare Estonian tema.

### Pronoun

ta
* he, she; third-person pronoun, referring to someone other than the speaker or addressee

#### See also

* minā, ma
* sinā, sa

### References

Renāte Blumberga, Tapio Mäkeläinen, Karl Pajusalu (2013), Lībieši: vēsture, valoda un kultūra, Rīga: Līvõ Kultūr sidām, →ISBN

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ta]

### Determiner

ta
* nominative feminine singular of ten

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taː/
* Homophones: ta’ (general), taha (except nonstandard)

### Etymology 1

From Arabic أَعْطَى (ʔaʕṭā, “to give”).

#### Verb

ta (imperfect jagħti, past participle mogħti, verbal noun għoti or għati)
* to give
    Tani l-flus. ― He gave me money.
** 1970, Anton Buttigieg, “Il-Pjazza”, in Fl-Arena:Kulħadd jimxi, kollox lajma, jirkeb biss xi sinjur kbir: bini l-għatx u tawni nixrob minn ġos-satal fuq il-bir. (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to undertake, to conduct
* to fight
    Qabdu jagħtu. ― They started to fight.
* to beat, to strike, to hit
    Tawh sakemm qatluh. ― They beat him until they killed him.
* to apply
* to take place
* to describe
* (usually with the verb kell) to owe (money)
    Kemm għandi nagħtik? ― How much do I owe you?
* to become addicted [with -ha ‘dummy pronominal suffix’ and għal]
    Taha għan-nisa ― He is taken to women

##### Usage notes

* As in Arabic, this verb has ditransitive construction. Thus for “I gave her the money” one says tajtha l-flus, rather than the perhaps expected *tajtilha l-flus.

##### Derived terms

* ngħata

### Etymology 2

From taf (“you know”).

#### Interjection

ta
* Postpositioned after a statement, used for minor emphasis.
    Din hija ħaġa importanti, ta, tinsihiex.This is important, you know, don’t forget it.

## Mandarin
### Romanization

ta (ta$^5$ / ta$^0$, Zhuyin ˙ㄊㄚ)
* Nonstandard spelling of tā.
* Nonstandard spelling of tá.
* Nonstandard spelling of tǎ.
* Nonstandard spelling of tà.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

### See also

* TA

## Manx
### Alternative forms

* t’ (apocopic)

### Etymology

From Old Irish at·tá, from Proto-Celtic *ad-tāyeti (compare Welsh taw (“there is”)), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“stand”).

### Verb

ta
* present indicative independent of bee

#### Derived terms

* t'ad
* t'ee
* t'eh
* t'ou

## Mezquital Otomi
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Otomi *ta, from Proto-Otomian *ta.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tá/, /tà/

#### Noun

ta
* father

##### Synonyms

* dada

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tǎ/

#### Noun

tǎ
* a male animal
* an intact (not castrated) male animal

##### Derived terms

* tafri
* tajä
* takjä
* tamxi
* taptsꞌu̱di
* taꞌni
* taꞌnxi

## Mòcheno
### Etymology

From Middle High German tag, from Old High German tag, from Proto-West Germanic *dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz (“day”). Cognate with German Tag, English day.

### Noun

ta m
* day

#### Related terms

* eirta
* hait
* ma'ta
* mitta
* mitto
* Najorto
* pfinsta
* sònsta
* sunta
* vraita

### References

* “ta” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

## North Moluccan Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/
* Homophone: ta-

### Pronoun

ta
* Short for kita.

#### Usage notes

* The short form ta are very dependant and can't be used as an accusative object.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse taka, from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʰɑː/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

ta (imperative ta, present tense tar, passive tas, simple past tok, past participle tatt)
* to take (grab with the hands)
* to have
    ta en øl ― have a beer
* to do
    Vi kan ta det senere. ― We can do it later.

#### Derived terms

* anta
* avta
* avtagbar, avtakbar
* foreta
* frata
* frita
* gjenta
* godta
* hærta
* innta
* ivareta
* motta
* oppta
* overta
* påta
* påtagelig, påtakelig
* påtatt
* ta knekken på
* ta opp
* ta på alvor
* ta vare på
* tiltak
* unnta
* vedta
* voldta

### References

* “ta” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From earlier and Old Norse taka, from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną. Akin to English take.

#### Alternative forms

* taka (long form with a- or split infinitive)
* take (long form with e-infinitive)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑː/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

ta (present tense tek or tar, past tense tok, supine teke or tatt, past participle teken or tatt, present participle takande, passive infinitive takast, imperative ta)
* to take (to grab with the hands)
* to catch (to capture)

##### Derived terms

* anta
* frita
* hærta
* oppta
* påtatt
* påteken
* ta att
* ta av
* ta etter
* ta for seg
* ta fri
* ta grep
* ta i
* ta imot
* ta inn
* ta knekken på
* ta med
* ta på
* ta på alvor
* ta på seg
* ta seg
* ta seg av
* ta seg for
* ta seg saman
* ta seg ut
* ta til
* ta unna
* ta ut
* ta vare på
* ta vekk
* taking
* vareta

##### Related terms

* tak
* -tekt

### Etymology 2

Aasen, in his 1850 dictionary, lists it as a variant of ut-av. As such, the origin of this word is not to dissimilar from that of på (“on”) from Old Norse upp á. Other variants include tå.

#### Preposition

ta
* (dialectal) alternative form of av (This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.)

#### Adverb

ta
* (dialectal) off
** 1953, Reidar Holtvedt, Historier fra Krokskauen, Oslo: Aschehoug, page 132:Så hok dom, og strast føre berjhufsen hevde mann se ta, [m]en kjelken reste beint utføre så det bare vart flisa att.They sledded, and right before the cliff, you'd throw yourself off, but the sled raced straight down, so that there were only splinters left.

### References

* ↑ Ivar Aasen (1850) “ut-av”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog‎ (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000
* “ta” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
* “ta”, in Norsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016

### Anagrams

* at

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* tahe

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑː/

### Noun

tā f (nominative plural tān)
* (anatomy) toe

#### Declension

Weak feminine (n-stem):

#### Descendants

* Middle English: ta, to
** English: toe
** Scots: tae

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin tua, feminine of tuus.

### Determiner

ta f (masculine ton, plural tes)
* your (second-person singular possessive)

#### Descendants

* French: ta

## Old Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) First attested in 1430.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /ta/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ta/

### Particle

ta
* (attested in Greater Poland) emphatic particle
** 1959 [1430], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1348, Poznań:Jszem czom wsąl troye cony, vosz y schekira, tom wsal w mego pąna v szapuscze, gdzyes ta nykt nye rabi, yedno czo v Brodi przedawa[Iżem com wziął troje koni, woz i siekirę, tom wziął u mego pana w zapuście, gdzież ta nikt nie rąbi, jedno co u Brody przedawa]

#### Descendants

* Polish: ta

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ta”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Omaha-Ponca
### Noun

ta
* jerky, dried meat

### References

* Omaha Ponca digital dictionary

## Palauan
### Etymology

From Pre-Palauan *ta, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

### Numeral

ta
* one

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀢 (Brahmi script)
* त (Devanagari script)
* ত (Bengali script)
* ත (Sinhalese script)
* တ (Burmese script)
* ต or ตะ (Thai script)
* ᨲ (Tai Tham script)
* ຕ or ຕະ (Lao script)
* ត (Khmer script)
* 𑄖 (Chakma script)
* sa (Latin script)
* 𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* स (Devanagari script)
* স (Bengali script)
* ස (Sinhalese script)
* သ (Burmese script)
* ส or สะ (Thai script)
* ᩈ (Tai Tham script)
* ສ or ສະ (Lao script)
* ស (Khmer script)
* 𑄥 (Chakma script)
* so (Latin script)
* 𑀲𑁄 (Brahmi script)
* सो (Devanagari script)
* সো (Bengali script)
* සො (Sinhalese script)
* သော or သေႃ (Burmese script)
* โส (Thai script)
* ᩈᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ໂສ (Lao script)
* សោ (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄮 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit स (sa), तद् (tad, “this, that”).

### Adjective

ta
* (demonstrative) that
* that one

#### Usage notes

The case form tad is only used before vowels and as the prefixed combining form. taṃ is also used as the prefixed combing form.

#### Synonyms

* na

#### Derived terms

* ta (“he, it, that one”)
* tā (“she, it, that one”)

### Pronoun

ta m
* he, it, that one

#### Declension
### Pronoun

ta n
* it
** (Can we date this quote?), Laobounkird, Anisongfree‎ (overall work in Lao), published 2015:ພາຫຸງ ສະຫັດສະມະພິນິມມິຕະສາວຸທັນຕັງຄະລີເມຂະລັງ ອຸທິຕະໂຄລະສະເສນະມາລັງທານາທິທັມມາວິທິນາ ຊິຕະວາ ມຸນິນໂທຕັນເຕຊະສາ ພະວະຕຸ ເຕ ຊະຍະມັງຄະລານິ ຯbāhuṃ sahassamabinimmitasāvudantaṅɡalīmekhalaṃ uditaɡolasasenamālaṃdānādidammāvidinā jitavā munindotantejasā bavatu te jayamaṅɡalāni With ambiguities resolved: bāhuṃ sahassamabhinimmitasāvudhantaṅɡarīmekhalaṃ uditaɡhorasasenamāraṃdānādidhammāvidhinā jitavā munindotantejasā bhavatu te jayamaṅɡalāniThe lord of the sages has subdued terrible Mara, who had created a thousand beweaponed arms, was accompanied by his army and was mounted on Girimekhala, by reason of giving and so forth. May you have the blessings of success by the power of this.

#### Usage notes

The case form tad is only used before vowels and as a prefixed combining form. The form ending in niggahita is also used as combining form.

#### Declension
### References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “ta˚”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Spanish estar and Portuguese estar and Kabuverdianu sta.

### Verb

ta
* to be
    Papiamentu ta un idioma krioyoPapiamentu is a creole language.
    Mi gusta e kas aki, pero e ta muchu karu.I like this house, but it's too expensive.
* to be (auxiliary verb for the progressive/continuous aspect, preceding the gerund of the verb)
    Mi ta lesando un buki.I'm reading a book.

### References

Hoyer, W. M. (1936) Vocabulary and dialogues: English - Papiamento - Dutch, Curaçao: Hollandsche Boekhandel

## Phalura
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Particle

ta (discourse, Perso-Arabic spelling تہ)
* Particle with different-subject marking function (variously corresponding to 'when, then, so (that), and')

### References

* Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “ta”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

## Phuthi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

### Verb

-ta
* to come

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Polish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ta.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Pronoun

ta f
* this (nearby, feminine)

##### Declension
#### See also

* ten m
* to n

### Etymology 2

Clipping of tak.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Interjection

ta
* (colloquial) yes

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ukrainian та (ta).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Conjunction

ta
* (regional) and
    Synonyms: a, i

### Etymology 4

Inherited from Old Polish ta.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Particle

ta
* (regional, often attached to a verb) emphatic particle
    Synonyms: (not productive) -ć, -ż

### Etymology 5

Clipping of tam.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈta/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Lasovia) IPA: /ˈta/
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈta]
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Adverb

ta (not comparable)
* (Kuyavia, Przemyśl, Lasovia) Alternative form of tam

### References

* ↑ Tadeusz Lehr (1914) “O mowie Polaków w Galicji wschodniej”, in Język Polski‎ (in Polish), numbers 2-3, page 50

### Further reading

* ta in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ta”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ta”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “ta”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 1
* Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “ta”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
* M. Arcta Słownik Staropolski/Ta on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
* Józef Bliziński (1860) “ta”, in Abecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page 631
* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “ta”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 277
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “ta”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 342
* Oskar Kolberg (1865) “ta”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 265

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ta/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɐ/

### Contraction

ta f sg
* Contraction of te a (“her/it to you (familiar singular)”): feminine of to

## Romanian
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *ta, from Latin tua, feminine of tuus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a

### Determiner

ta
* feminine singular of tău (“your”)
    Dani are cartea ta.Dani has your book.

### Pronoun

ta f (possessive pronouns preceded by a)
* yours (singular)

## Rotuman
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *isa, *əsa, *asa.

### Numeral

ta
* one

## San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˠa̤˥˩/

#### Noun

ta
* grandfather
* A respectful title for a man.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˠa˥/

#### Adjective

ta
* full of weeds

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˠa̤˧/

#### Adjective

ta
* thick

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˠa̤˩/

#### Noun

ta (plural nta)
* fence, wall (of stakes, cane, or mud)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˠa̤˩/

#### Noun

ta
* bunch (of bananas)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tâː/

### Pronoun

tȃ (Cyrillic spelling та̑)
* feminine nominative singular of taj
* neuter nominative plural of taj
* neuter accusative plural of taj

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /táː/

### Determiner

tȃ
* this
* (nonstandard) the (definite article)

#### Inflection
## Spanish
### Interjection

ta
* (Uruguay) Alternative spelling of tá (“okay”)

### Further reading

* “ta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Sumerian
### Romanization

ta
* Romanization of 𒋫 (ta)

## Swazi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

### Verb

-ta
* to come

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* -etama

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* taga (dated)

### Etymology

Apocopic form of taga, from Old Swedish taka, from Old Norse taka, from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną. Cognate with English take.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑː/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

ta (present tar, preterite tog, supine tagit, imperative ta)
* take; to grab and move to oneself
    Han hade tagit kakan.He had taken the cake.
* to bring (along); to carry
    Ta med kakan.Bring the cake.
* steal
    Inbrottstjuven hade tagit allting.The burglar had taken everything.
* take; catch
    Inbrottstjuven togs genast.The burglar was caught immediately.
* take (control over)
    Kan du ta över?Can you take over?
* take; make use of
    Karl tar cykeln till jobbet.Karl is taking the bike to work.
* take, pick; to choose
    Vilket alternativ tar du?Which option do you choose?
* take; to manage; to be able to handle
* take; to endure
* take; to ingest a medicine or a drug
    Patienten hade tagit allting.The patient had taken everything.
* take (a course); to enroll
* take (a test)
    Han hade tagit blodprovet.He had taken the blood test.
* take, capture; remove one of the opponent's pieces (e.g. in chess)
* take; beat; be victorious
    Idrottaren tog medalj.The athlete took a medal.
* (reflexive) to start burning; to go from embers into open flames
    Tar elden sig?Is the fire starting to burn?
* (reflexive) (about a plant) take; thrive, persist
* take; to have sex with forcefully
    Han tog henne bakifrån.He rammed her from behind.
* accept (as means of payment)
    Tar ni kort här?Do you take credit cards?
* take, to last (an amount of time)
    Resan tar en timme.The trip will take an hour.
* (followed by och and a verb) to do, to get down to doing (something requiring some degree of decisiveness)
    Det ser ut som en svinstia här inne. Jag borde ta och städa.It looks like a pigsty in here. I should do some cleaning up.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to grab”): ge

#### Derived terms

* avta
* beslagta
* bli tagen på sängen
* fan ta dig
* fan ta er
* frita
* förta
* inta
* omhänderta
* satan ta dig
* satan ta er
* ta anställning
* ta ansvar
* ta av
* ta av daga
* ta av sig
* ta avsked
* ta avstånd
* ta beslut
* ta betalt
* ta bort
* ta det lugnt
* ta emot
* ta emot sig
* ta examen
* ta fart
* ta farväl
* ta fram
* ta för givet
* ta för sig
* ta hand om
* ta helst
* ta hem
* ta hus i helvete
* ta hänsyn
* ta i
* ta ifrån
* ta igen sig
* ta in
* ta initiativ
* ta kort
* ta livet av
* ta lån
* ta lätt på
* ta med
* ta musten ur någon
* ta ned
* ta ner
* ta och
* ta om
* ta plats
* ta på
* ta på allvar
* ta på bar gärning
* ta på sig
* ta på skoj
* ta sats
* ta sig an
* ta sig fram
* ta sig för
* ta sig före
* ta sig i arslet
* ta sig i baken
* ta sig i röven
* ta sig igenom
* ta sig in
* ta sig samman
* ta sig till
* ta sig ton
* ta sig upp
* ta sig ur
* ta sig ut
* ta sig vatten över huvudet
* ta sig över
* ta sikte
* ta sikte på
* ta sitt förnuft till fånga
* ta skydd
* ta studenten
* ta ställning
* ta tag i
* ta telefonen
* ta tempen
* ta tid på sig
* ta tiden
* ta till
* ta till sig
* ta tillvara
* ta timeout
* ta ton
* ta upp
* ta ut
* ta ut i förskott
* ta ut sig
* ta vara på
* ta vägen
* ta åt sig
* ta över
* ta överbalansen
* tillfångata
* tillta
* återta
* överta

#### Related terms

* tagning

### References

* ta in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* ta in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* ta in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* AT

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Influenced by Baybayin character ᜆ (ta).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ta/ [t̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Noun

ta (Baybayin spelling ᜆ)
* the name of the Latin-script letter T/t, in the Abakada alphabet
    Synonyms: (in the Filipino alphabet) ti, (in the Abecedario) te

##### See also

* tata

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *ta. Compare Bikol Central ta.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ta/ [t̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Pronoun

ta (Baybayin spelling ᜆ) (archaic)
* by both you and I; of both you and I
    Synonyms: natin, nata, nita
    Bahay ta.Our (two) house.
    Hintayin ta muna.Let us (two) wait first.

#### See also

| Person | Number | Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) |
| First | singular | ako | ko | akin |
| First | dual$^1$ | kita, kata | nita, nata, ta | kanita, kanata, ata |
| First | plural inclusive | tayo | natin | atin |
| First | plural exclusive | kami | namin | amin |
| First & Second | singular | kita$^2$ | kita$^2$ | |
| Second | singular | ikaw, ka | mo | iyo |
| Second | plural | kayo, kamo | ninyo, niyo | inyo |
| Third | singular | siya | niya | kaniya |
| Third | plural | sila | nila | kanila |
| $^1$ First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog. $^2$ Replaces ko ikaw. |||||

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ilocano ta, from Proto-Philippine *taq (“because”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ta/ [t̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ta

#### Conjunction

ta (Baybayin spelling ᜆ) (Baguio, Cagayan, Ilocos)
* because, since
    Synonyms: dahil, sapagkat
    Nag-jeep ako ta wala nang taxi.I rode a jeep because there wasn't any taxi anymore.

### Etymology 4

Clipping of sandata (“weapon”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ta/ [t̪ɐ], /ˈtaʔ/ [ˈt̪aʔ]
* Rhymes: -a, -aʔ
* Syllabification: ta

#### Noun

ta or tâ (Baybayin spelling ᜆ) (military)
* command of execution for commands involving weapons such as a rifle or a sword

##### See also

* agap sandata
* baba sandata
* kaliwang balikat sandata
* kanang balikat sandata
* siyasat sandata

### Further reading

* “ta”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*taq₁”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* at

## Tooro
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Adverb

-ta
* (interrogative) how, in what manner
    Bakikora bata? ― How do they do it?
** 2008, Ekitabu Ekirukwera N'Ebitabu Ebyeetwa Deturokanoniko/Apokurifa [Bible in Runyoro/Rutooro Interconfessional Translation], Bible Society of Uganda, Luka 10:26:Yesu yamugarukamu ati: “Omu Biragiro kikahandiikwa kita? Osomamu ota?”Jesus said to him, “What is written in the law? What do you understand from it?”(literally, “Jesus answered: ‘How was it written in the laws? How do you read in it?’”)

#### Inflection

| Person | Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1st person | 1st person | nta | tuta |
| 2nd person | 2nd person | ota | muta |
| 3rd person | 1/2 | ata | bata |
| 3rd person | 3/4 | guta | eta |
| 3rd person | 5/6 | lita | gata |
| 3rd person | 7/8 | kita | bita |
| 3rd person | 9/10 | eta | zita |
| 3rd person | 11/10 | ruta | zita |
| 3rd person | 12/14 | kata | buta |
| 3rd person | 13 | | tuta |
| 3rd person | 14/6 | buta | gata |
| 3rd person | 15/6 | kuta | gata |
| 3rd person | 16 | hata | |

### References

* Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary‎, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 428

## Tsonga
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

### Verb

ta
* to come

## Turkish
### Alternative forms

* te

### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish تا (tā), from Persian تا (tâ, “up to, until”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta/
* Hyphenation: ta

### Adverb

ta
* Used with postpositions like dek, değin, kadar, beri etc. to emphasize the beginning or the end of a thing with regards to time or distance.
    Ta sahile kadar koştu. ― He ran all the way to the coast.
    Burada ta 1'den beri seni bekliyorum. ― I've been waiting for you here since 1.
    Sınavdan geçmek için ta gündoğumuna kadar ders çalıştı. ― She studied till sunrise to pass the exam.

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “تا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 470
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 333
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “تا”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 369
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ta”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “ta”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ta³”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4511

## Unami
### Etymology

Cognate with Munsee táa (“emphatic”).

### Particle

ta
* indeed, definitely
adds emphasis to a statement or command.

### References

* Rementer, Jim with Pearson, Bruce L. (2005) “ta”, in Leneaux, Grant, Whritenour, Raymond, editors, The Lenape Talking Dictionary, The Lenape Language Preservation Project

## Uneapa
### Etymology

From Proto-Western Oceanic *ta, possibly from Proto-Oceanic *ta (compare Hawaiian ka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Determiner

ta
* the (indefinite)

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [taː˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [taː˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [taː˧˧]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 咱 (“I; me, we; us”, SV: cha).

#### Adjective

ta • (些, 𢧲, 󱙐)
* (informal) "our", Vietnamese, as opposed to Tây (“Western”), Tàu (“Chinese”) or Xiêm (“Siamese”)
    Tết ta ― Vietnamese Lunar New Year

#### Pronoun

ta • (些, 𢧲, 󱙐)
* (archaic, now literary) I; me
** 2005, Duy Mạnh (lyrics and music), “Kiếp đỏ đen [Gambling Life]”:Ta mang bao tội lỗi, Nên thân ta giờ đây, Kiếp sống không nhà không người thân. Ta mang bao tội lỗi, Người ơi, ta đâu còn chi ! Xin hãy tránh xa kiếp đỏ đen !I'm so sinful, Now I have to live this life, No home, no loved ones. I'm so sinful, O humanity, I have nothing left! Please stay clear of the gambling life!
* we; us

##### Usage notes

* It might be a good idea to use ta to translate the English generic you. Also compare French on (“we/us; one; you”).
* ta (“I; me”) is now only used especially in literary or translation works, to convey hostility between the characters, as alternatives (such as tao) may sound awkward or too rough, especially if the age difference between characters is significant (one translation, such as that of Beyblade, may use tao for conversations between children of about the same age, but ta if there is such a difference, like as agonists). It is used in conjunction with mi (informal) or ngươi (formal) for "you".

##### Synonyms

* tôi; tui
* min
* tao; tau

##### See also

* ngươi; mi (“you”)
* mình (“I; me; we; us”)
* chúng ta
* ta đây

#### Particle

ta • (些, 𢧲, 󱙐)
* (colloquial, informal) final particle used to reinforce a question, to express surprise, or to indicate familiarity with whom the person is speaking with
    Synonyms: vậy, thế, rứa
    Sao kì vậy ta?Why so strange? / What's wrong with you?
    Ông già quê ở đâu ta?Where is your hometown, old man?
    Giỏi quá ta!Good job, you!

### Etymology 2

See tau. This form reflects the local South Central shift of /aw/ > /aː/. Compare mainstream nhau vs. South Central nha (“each other”), mainstream màu vs. South Central mà (“colour”).
Despite nearly identical semantics, not related to etymology 1 above.

#### Pronoun

ta
* (South Central Vietnam) I/me
    Reng ta núa mi không nghe?Why don't you listen to what I'm saying?

## Volapük
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Preposition

ta
* against, opposed to, contrary to

#### Derived terms

* taan

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Etymology 1

Ultimately from bynnag (“-ever”). Initially, bynnag began preceding rather than following the word it qualfied, for example, beth bynnag (“whatever”) became bynnag beth. The initial g of bynnag was velarised to produce gynnag beth, whereupon the word was reanalysed as the phrase gan nag, a southern colloquial form of gan nad, literally "since (that) not". The apparent inconsistency of negative nag being a part of a phrase with no negative connotations led its replacement with corresponding affirmative taw (“that”), so gan nag beth became gan taw beth. The initial gan was subsequently dropped and the pronunciation of taw /tau̯/ reduced to ta /ta/, as is customary, leading to such forms as ta beth (“whatever”) today.

#### Particle

ta
* (South Wales, informal) -ever precedes interrogative pronouns to form indefinite pronouns
    Synonym: bynnag

##### Derived terms

* ta beth (“whatever”)
* ta ble (“wherever”)
* ta faint (“however many”)
* ta pryd (“whenever”)
* ta pwy (“whoever, whomever”)

### Etymology 2

Clipping of petai (“if it were”), itself a combination of pe (“if”) +‎ tai (“third-person singular counterfactual impferfect subjunctive of bod (“to be”)”).

#### Conjunction

ta
* if it were

##### Usage notes

* Found in the phrase ta waeth (“anyway, however”, literally “if it were worse”).

##### Derived terms

* ta waeth (“anyway, however”)

### References

* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ta”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## West Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta/

### Etymology 1

From Old Frisian to, from Proto-Germanic *tō.

#### Preposition

ta
* (with nei) to
* (physically) up to, until

##### Further reading

* “ta”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Adjective

ta
* closed, shut

##### Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

##### Further reading

* “ta”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

## Wutunhua
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tʰɑ]

### Etymology 1

From Mandarin 他 (tā).

#### Pronoun

ta
* (apparently uncommon) he, she, it (chiefly used in reported speech)

##### Usage notes

gu is the usual third-person pronoun in Wutunhua, and not the conventional Mandarin ta.

### Etymology 2

From Tibetan ཐལ (thal), as in གོ་ཐལ (go thal).

#### Noun

ta
* ashes

### References

* Juha Janhunen, Marja Peltomaa, Erika Sandman, Xiawu Dongzhou (2008) Wutun (LINCOM's Descriptive Grammar Series), volume 466, LINCOM Europa, →ISBN
* Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎, University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN

## Yola
### Alternative forms

* to, t'

### Etymology

From Middle English ta, to, from Old English tō, ta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tə/, /t/

### Particle

ta
* to
** 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:A laafe ing lemethès chote wel ta ba zang,A leaf in tatters, I know well to be sung,
** 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:At ye mye ne'er be wooveless ta vill a lear jock an cooan.That you may never be unprovided to fill an empty jack and can.

#### Derived terms

* t'avance
* t'drive
* t'gie
* t'glade
* t'oure
* t'ouz
* t'rapple
* t'uck
* t'yie
* t'zey
* to's
* to-callin'
* to-die
* to-killin'
* to-smotherin'
* to-wantin'

### References

* ↑ Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990) “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎, volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 161
* ↑ Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 71

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Yoruba *tà, from Proto-Edekiri *tà, ultimately from Proto-Yoruboid *tà. Compare with Igala tà, Itsekiri tà

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tà/

#### Verb

tà
* (transitive, intransitive) to sell something
    kí l'a à bá tà k'á fi ra ọmọ? ― what could we possibly have sold to purchase a child? (proverb on the pricelessness of a child)

##### Usage notes

* ta before a direct object

##### Derived terms

* ìtà (“selling”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* to grow, to form, to become big
    uṣu ta, kí uṣu ò ta, ọkọọkan ló gbéṣu àbá mi láti oko rẹ l'Éjìgbò ― If the yam grows big or not, they must carry the yams of my father one by one from his farm in Ejigbo (family oríkì)
* to oppose or refuse something loudly

##### Usage notes

* Usually a stative verb, often used in referencing to tubers (yams, potatoes).

##### Derived terms

* tàápa (“to form a scab”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* (transitive) to splash, pop, explode
    gúgúrú ta ― The popcorn popped on the stove
* to oppose or refuse something loudly
    ìgbìmọ̀ alátakòó ta lórí ọ̀rọ̀ náà ― The opposition opposed the measure very loudly

##### Usage notes

* Usually a stative verb

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* (intransitive) to spring, burst, bounce

##### Derived terms

* tabọ̀n-ùn (“to bounce off swiftly”)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* (intransitive, copulative) to shine (as in the sun or daylight)
    oòrún ta sí wá lára ― The has shined on us

##### Derived terms

* ìyálẹ̀ta (“noon”)

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* (transitive) to shoot, fire (from a weapon that releases a projectile).
    ọlọ́pàá ta ìbọn ― The police officer fired his gun
* (transitive, of an insect or arachnid) to sting
    oyín ta wọ́n ― The bee stung them
* (transitive) to be spicy, to be hot
    atá ta ― The pepper was spicy
* (transitive) to kick
    ẹṣín ta, ta, ta, ó kú o! ― The horse kicked, kicked, and kicked, and then it died
* (transitive) to pick, pluck, floss (as in your teeth)
    ó ń fi wá tayín ― He was using us to floss his teeth - Literally, "He was deliberately ignoring us at work"

##### Derived terms

* ata (“pepper”)
* ọta (“bullet”)
* tafà (“to shoot an arrow”)
* tanípàá (“to kick”)
* tàbọn (“to shoot a gun”)
* tàpá
* ìta (“stinger”)

### Etymology 7

Most dialects have a different cognate form, see Yoruba Varieties and Languages chart below for cognates. Likely an innovation among the speakers of the Ọ̀yọ́ dialect of Yoruba, in which the modern Yoruba koine was constructed from.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Pronoun

ta
* (interrogative) who, whom, whose
    ta ni eṣinṣin kò bá gbè fún bí kò ṣe elégbò? ― who else would a fly have sided with other than the one with an open sore or ulcer? (proverb on partiality)

##### Usage notes

* An information-seeking question word for the human entity which is always followed by ni

##### Synonyms

Yoruba Varieties and Languages - ta ni (“who, whose, whom”) :
| view map; ||||||
| Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | lè sí, lèé, lí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | lè sí, lèé, lí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ìkòròdú | lè sí, lèé, lí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ṣágámù | lè sí, lèé, lí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | nẹ̀ẹ́, nẹ̀ẹ́ sí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | è sí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | sí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | nẹ̀ sín |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Olùkùmi | Olùkùmi | Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | è ghí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ì sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ì sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ì sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Ifẹ̀ (Ufẹ̀) | Ifẹ̀ (Ufẹ̀) | Ilé Ifẹ̀ (Ulé Ufẹ̀) | yè sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Iléṣà (Uléṣà) | yè sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ẹ̀sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Ìgbẹsà | ẹ̀sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Ọ̀tà | ẹ̀sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Agége | ẹ̀sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Ìlogbò Erémi | ẹ̀sí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ẹ̀gbá | Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | lè sí, ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ẹ̀gbádò | Ẹ̀gbádò | Ìjàká | lè é, èsí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Èkó | Èkó | Èkó | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ta ni |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Ìyàgbà | Ìsánlú Ìtẹ̀dó | lè, lè hí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Owé | Kabba | láun, la, lẹ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ana | Ana | Sokode | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ (Ìdàdú) | lèé |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Tchaourou | lèé |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Baàtɛ | lèé |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀) | lèé |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Ìkpòbɛ́ | lèé |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Onigbolo | lè é, èsí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Kétu/Ànàgó | Kétu | le |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Atakpamɛ | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Boko | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Moretan | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | nɛ̀ɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Kura | Kura | Aledjo-Koura | ìsí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Mɔ̄kɔ́lé | Mɔ̄kɔ́lé | Kandi | yoi |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Kambole | èsí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Manigri | èsí |
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. ||||||

### Etymology 8
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* to stick out visibly, to protrude
    eyín ta síta ― The tooth stuck out

### Etymology 9
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* (ergative) to spin something, to roll
    ó ta òkòtó ― She spun the spinning top

##### Usage notes

* Usually a stative verb

### Etymology 10
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* to snatch (suddenly)
    àṣá idìí ta òròmọdìẹ nílẹ̀ ― The hawk snatch a chick from the ground

### Etymology 11
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tā/

#### Verb

ta
* to flirt, to talk with teasing affection
    Synonym: tage
    àwọn ọmọkùnrin àti ọmọbìnrin ń tage ― The young boys and girls were flirting with each other

## Zou
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta˧/

### Adjective

ta
* hard

### References

* Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 44