# reddo
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈred.do/
* Rhymes: -eddo
* Hyphenation: réd‧do

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin rigidus. Doublet of rigido.

#### Adjective

reddo (feminine redda, masculine plural reddi, feminine plural redde) (Tuscan)
* rigid, stiff, inflexible, unbending, hard
* (figurative) rigid, rigorous, strict
* (extended) pompous, haughty
* clumsy, awkward, hampered
* (of weather, etc.) harsh, severe
* numb (with cold)

##### Related terms

* rigido

#### Further reading

* “réddo”, in Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, volume 15 q–ria, UTET, 1990, page 666a
* Pianigiani, Ottorino (1907) “reddo”, in Vocabolario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Rome: Albrighi & Segati

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

reddo
* first-person singular present indicative of reddere

## Japanese
### Romanization

reddo
* Rōmaji transcription of レッド

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* rendō (Late Latin)

### Etymology

From re- +‎ dō (“give”). The double -dd- is a remnant of the reduplication that was lost in the base verb.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈred.doː/, [ˈrɛd̪ːoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈred.do/, [ˈrɛd̪ːo]

### Verb

reddō (present infinitive reddere, perfect active reddidī, supine redditum); third conjugation
* to give back, return, restore
    Synonym: remittō
    Antonyms: recipiō, reciperō, revocō
** Suetonius, De vita Caesarum:
    Quintili Vare, legiones redde!O Quintilius Varus! Give [me] back [my] legions!
* to give up, hand over, deliver, render, provide, assign
    Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, pōnō, remittō, permittō, tribuō
* to surrender, relinquish, deliver, yield, resign
    Synonyms: dēdō, addīcō, concēdō, dēcēdō, committō, remittō, trādō, tribuō, dēferō, dō, cēdō, permittō
* to give or pay back; take revenge for, punish, inflict vengeance for
* to repeat, declare, report, narrate, recite, rehearse, express
* to represent, imitate, express, resemble
* to make something look in a certain way, make or cause a thing to be or appear something or somehow, render
    Synonyms: dō, afferō
** 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 5.3.59–63:DĒMEA. Ego istuc vīderō, atque ibi favīllae plēna, fūmī ac pollinis coquendō sit faxō et molendō. Praeter haec merīdiē ipsō faciam ut stipulam colligat. Tam excoctam reddam atque ātram quam carbō est.DEMEA. I'll see to that, and full of soot, smoke and flour from the cooking and grinding I'll make her. And, besides that, I'll make her collect the straw at noon. I'll render her as burnt and black as coal.
** 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 2.3.14–16: […] Hīc reddēs omnia quae nunc sunt certa eī cōnsilia incerta ut sient, sine omnī periclō. […] Here you make all those plans which are now certain to him seem uncertain, without any risk.
* to return in profit
** Martial 2.38:
    Quid mihi reddat ager quaeris, Line, Nōmentānus? Hoc mihi reddit ager: tē, Line, nōn videō!You ask, Linus, what profit the field in Nomentum might return to me? This, Linus, [is what] the field gives back to me: not having to see you!
    Vestis virum reddit.The clothes profit the man.

#### Conjugation
##### Notes

For the 1st person singular future active an old form reddĭbō is attested, which is the regular product of *reddăbō undergoing vowel weakening.

#### Derived terms

* redditiō
* redditor
* redditus

#### Descendants

(See also rendō.)
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: reddere (archaic)
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Ladin: retër
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: retre
** Old French: retdrae (only in the Passion)
** Old Occitan: redre, retre
*** Occitan: rèdre

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “rĕddĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 10: R, page 175

### Further reading

* “reddo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “reddo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* reddo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to die a natural death: debitum naturae reddere (Nep. Reg. 1) to (richly) recompense a kindness or service: beneficium remunerari or reddere (cumulate) to return good for evil: pro maleficiis beneficia reddere to speak, utter a sound: vocem mittere (sonitum reddere of things) to render something into Latin: aliquid (graeca) latine reddere or sermone latino interpretari to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): verbum pro verbo reddere to deliver a letter to some one (used of the messenger): epistulam reddere alicui (Att. 5. 21. 4) to deliver a letter dated September 21st: litteras reddere datas a. d. Kal. X. Octob. to make a person suspected: aliquem in suspicionem adducere (alicui), aliquem suspectum reddere to accomplish, pay a vow: vota solvere, persolvere, reddere to render count of a matter; to pass it for audit: rationem alicuius rei reddere to administer justice (said of the praetor): ius reddere (Liv. 3. 33) to gain a weak case by clever pleading: causam inferiorem dicendo reddere superiorem (λόγον κρείττω ποιειν) (Brut. 8. 30) to make restitution: res reddere (alicui) (cf. sect. V. 11) to restore prisoners without ransom: captivos sine pretio reddere