# 垓

| 垓 | U+5793, &#22419; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5793 |
| ← 垒 [U+5792] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 垔 → [U+5794] |

## Translingual
### Han character

垓 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土卜女人 (GYVO), four-corner 4018$_2$, composition ⿰土亥)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5040
* Dae Jaweon: page 463, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 441, character 13
* Unihan data for U+5793

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 該 | *kɯː |
| 垓 | *kɯː |
| 賅 | *kɯː |
| 陔 | *kɯː |
| 豥 | *kɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 荄 | *kɯː, *krɯː |
| 郂 | *kɯː |
| 姟 | *kɯː |
| 絯 | *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 晐 | *kɯː |
| 峐 | *kɯː |
| 侅 | *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 胲 | *kɯː |
| 頦 | *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː |
| 奒 | *kʰɯː |
| 輆 | *kʰɯːʔ |
| 欬 | *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds |
| 硋 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 閡 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 咳 | *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 孩 | *ɡɯː |
| 亥 | *ɡɯːʔ |
| 劾 | *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ |
| 痎 | *krɯː |
| 烗 | *kʰrɯːɡs |
| 骸 | *ɡrɯː |
| 駭 | *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 刻 | *kʰɯːɡ |
| 餩 | *qɯːɡ |
| 核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gāi (gai$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): goi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gai
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^1$
*** Yale: gāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gai
*** Palladius: гай (gaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: goi$^1$
*** Yale: gōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: goi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: goi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: koj
Rime :
| Character | 垓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古哀切 |
| Baxter | koj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəj/ |
| Li Rong | /kᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /kɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gāi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | goi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 垓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4804 |
| Phonetic component | 亥 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 該 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯː/ |

### Definitions

垓
* border; boundary
* (mathematics) 10$^{20}$

#### Compounds

* 九垓
* 八垓
* 半垓
* 垓下
* 垓下歌
* 垓前
* 垓埏
* 垓心 (gāixīn)
* 垓極 / 垓极
* 大會垓 / 大会垓
* 鬧垓垓 / 闹垓垓

### See also

Chinese numerals :
| 10$^4$ | 10$^8$ | 10$^{12}$ | 10$^{16}$ | 10$^{20}$ | 10$^{24}$ | 10$^{28}$ | 10$^{32}$ | 10$^{36}$ | 10$^{40}$ | 10$^{44}$ | 10$^{48}$ |
| 萬／万 (wàn) | 億／亿 (yì) | 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) | 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) | 垓 (gāi) | 秭 (zǐ) | 穰 (ráng) | 溝／沟 (gōu) | 澗／涧 (jiàn) | 正 (zhèng) | 載／载 (zài) | 極／极 (jí) |
| 萬／万 (wàn) | 億／亿 (yì) | 萬億／万亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China) | 億億/亿亿 (Mainland China) | 垓 (gāi) | 秭 (zǐ) | 穰 (ráng) | 溝／沟 (gōu) | 澗／涧 (jiàn) | 正 (zhèng) | 載／载 (zài) | 極／极 (jí) |

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* border
* boundary
* staircase
* hundred quintillion

#### Readings

* Go-on: かい (kai)
* Kan-on: かい (kai)
* Kan’yō-on: がい (gai)
* Kun: さかい (sakai, 垓)、はて (hate, 垓)

#### Compounds

* 垓(がい)下(か) (gaika)

### Pronunciation

* Kanji in this term
* 垓
* がい Hyōgai
* kan'yōon
* IPA: [ɡa̠i]

### Numeral

垓(がい) • (gai)
* [since the 17th century] 10$^{20}$, (short scale) one hundred quintillion, (long scale) one hundred trillion

### References

* ↑ “垓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

垓 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae)
* border, boundary, frontier

## Tày
### Noun

垓 (cai)
* Nôm form of cai (“veranda”).
    納𱑼郎晋𱐍江垓Nổp bôm làng tấn giú chang caiThe offering trays already given and you're still at the veranda

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

## Vietnamese
### Han character

垓: Hán Nôm readings: cai, gay, gây
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.