# 套

| 套 | U+5957, &#22871; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5957 |
| ← 奖 [U+5956] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 奘 → [U+5958] |

## Translingual
### Han character

套 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大尸一戈 (KSMI), four-corner 4073$_1$, composition ⿱大镸)

#### Derived characters

* 𠺆, 𣺮, 𨻝, 𫯾, 𪄤, 𥱫

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 252, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5926
* Dae Jaweon: page 514, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 540, character 9
* Unihan data for U+5957

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 大 (“large”) + 長 (“long”) – long, with some reference to hair. Originally written as 𡘷.
It was later borrowed for the “cover; cover with, put on (clothes); link” sense and has now lost its original meaning. It is also used as a classifier for a suit of clothes or a group of things, hence something that can be put on or a group of linked/interconnected things.

### Etymology 1

Cognate with 韜 (OC *l̥ʰuː); probably cognate with 㧺 and 錔 (OC *tʰuːb).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tào (tao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tao$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): tho
    (Hailu, HRS): to$^ˇ$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tau$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tó̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tor$^4$ / to$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thò
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tao$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$thau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tào
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tào
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^4$
*** Yale: tàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taw
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (套兒 / 套儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tàor
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tàor
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: tàur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tawl
*** Palladius: таор (taor)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tao
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^3$
*** Yale: tou
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
*** Hakka Romanization System: to
*** Hagfa Pinyim: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: to$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰau⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tó̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tor$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: to̤̍
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɒ⁴²/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: to$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: teo̍
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɵ⁴²/
* tor4 - literary (as in 套現, 套用);
* to4 - vernacular (as in 外套, 手套).
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːws/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 套 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 12376 |
| Phonetic component | 套 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːws/ |

#### Definitions

套
* to cover with; to encase; to put on (a sweater, etc.)
* case; cover; sheath; wrapper; envelope (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
* (colloquial) condom (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
* to overlap; to interconnect
* set; suit
* knot
* to harness
* harness
* trick; trap
* (Hong Kong) Short for 套房 (“en suite bedroom”).
    三房一套 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― saam$^1$ fong$^{4-2}$ jat$^1$ tou$^3$ [Jyutping] ― Three rooms, one of which is an en suite
* Classifier for a set of objects (books, furniture, rooms, etc). ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    這套拼音方案／这套拼音方案 ― zhè tào pīnyīn fāng'àn ― this romanization scheme

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 避孕套, 安全套, 保險套, 陰莖套 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 避孕套兒, 套兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 保險套, 衛生套, 套, 套套, 小雨傘 euphemistic, 小雨衣 euphemistic, 小夜衣 euphemistic |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 保險套兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 如意套 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 如意套, 安全套 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 避孕套, 安全套, 套, condom, dom, dom dom, 小雨衣 euphemistic, 小夜衣 euphemistic, 如意袋 euphemistic |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 保險套, 保險落 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 保險落 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 保險套 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | sak-khuh GT, 保險套 GT |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 避孕袋, 避孕套 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 套子 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Compounds

* 一套
* 七套 (Qītào)
* 上圈套 (shàngquāntào)
* 上套 (shàngtào)
* 三角套匯 / 三角套汇
* 不落俗套 (bùluòsútào)
* 俗套 (sútào)
* 保險套 / 保险套 (bǎoxiǎntào)
* 全套 (quántào)
* 六套 (Liùtào)
* 圈圈套套
* 圈套 (quāntào)
* 外套 (wàitào)
* 大通套
* 套交情 (tào jiāoqíng)
* 套兒 / 套儿 (tàor)
* 套利 (tàolì)
* 套包
* 套匯 / 套汇
* 套半車 / 套半车
* 套印
* 套印版畫 / 套印版画
* 套問 / 套问
* 套套 (tàotao)
* 套子 (tàozi)
* 套式
* 套房 (tàofáng)
* 套招
* 套拉攏 / 套拉拢 (tào lālǒng)
* 套敘 / 套叙
* 套數 / 套数 (tàoshù)
* 套文
* 套曲
* 套杯
* 套炕子
* 套版
* 套牢 (tàoláo)
* 套犁
* 套環兒 / 套环儿
* 套用 (tàoyòng)
* 套畫押字 / 套画押字
* 套白狼
* 套票
* 套種 / 套种
* 套筒槍 / 套筒枪
* 套索 (tàosuǒ)
* 套耕
* 套色 (tàoshǎi)
* 套色版畫 / 套色版画
* 套衫 (tàoshān)
* 套袖 (tàoxiù)
* 套袋
* 套裝 / 套装 (tàozhuāng)
* 套裝旅遊 / 套装旅游 (tàozhuāng lǚyóu)
* 套裝軟體 / 套装软体 (tàozhuāng ruǎntǐ)
* 套褲 / 套裤
* 套話 / 套话 (tàohuà)
* 套語 / 套语 (tàoyǔ)
* 套調 / 套调
* 套購 / 套购 (tàogòu)
* 套路 (tàolù)
* 套車 / 套车
* 套近乎 (tàojìnhū)
* 套間 / 套间 (tàojiān)
* 套鞋 (tàoxié)
* 套項 / 套项
* 套頭 / 套头
* 套頭裹腦 / 套头裹脑
* 套頭話 / 套头话
* 套餐 (tàocān)
* 套鼓
* 客套 (kètào)
* 客套話 / 客套话 (kètàohuà)
* 封套 (fēngtào)
* 幫套 / 帮套 (bāngtào)
* 弓套
* 成套 (chéngtào)
* 成龍配套 / 成龙配套 (chénglóngpèitào)
* 手套 (shǒutào, “glove”)
* 打套
* 拉套
* 指甲套兒 / 指甲套儿
* 插圈弄套
* 故套
* 散套
* 整套 (zhěngtào)
* 書套 / 书套 (shūtào)
* 有一套 (yǒu yītào)
* 枕套 (zhěntào)
* 死套子
* 河套 (hétào)
* 河套平原
* 河套文化
* 活套
* 活套頭 / 活套头
* 濫套 / 滥套
* 熟套
* 熟套子
* 狗套頭 / 狗套头
* 生搬硬套 (shēngbānyìngtào)
* 白手套 (báishǒutào)
* 相思套
* 筆套 / 笔套 (bǐtào)
* 紅花套 / 红花套 (Hónghuātào)
* 紙套 / 纸套
* 網路套件 / 网路套件
* 老套 (lǎotào)
* 腸套疊 / 肠套叠 (chángtàodié)
* 腿套
* 落套
* 虛套子 / 虚套子
* 被套 (bèitào)
* 袖套 (xiùtào)
* 褥套 (rùtào)
* 褪套兒 / 褪套儿
* 襪套 / 袜套 (wàtào)
* 西套
* 解套 (jiětào)
* 話裡套話 / 话里套话
* 護套 / 护套
* 跑龍套 / 跑龙套 (pǎo lóngtào)
* 通套
* 連環套 / 连环套
* 避孕套 (bìyùntào)
* 配套 (pèitào)
* 金手套獎 / 金手套奖
* 錦套頭 / 锦套头
* 陳套 / 陈套 (chéntào)
* 雙套車 / 双套车
* 雙套飛車 / 双套飞车
* 頭套 / 头套 (tóutào)
* 龍套 / 龙套 (lóngtào)
* 龍套衣 / 龙套衣

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tǎo (tao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǎo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^3$
*** Yale: tǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tao
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: thawX
Rime :
| Character | 套 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他浩切 |
| Baxter | thawX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰaw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tou$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 套 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 12375 |
| Phonetic component | 套 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 討 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːw/ |

#### Definitions

套
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) long

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): su
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
*** Tâi-lô: su
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sw
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/

#### Definitions

套
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 軀 / 躯 (su, “Classifier for sets of clothing”)

### References

* “套”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “套”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 173.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: とう (tō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kun: かさねる (kasaneru, 套ねる)、おおい (ōi, 套い)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 套.

### Hanja

套 (eumhun 씌울 투 (ssuiul tu))
* hanja form of 투 (“cover”)

#### Compounds

* 말투 (말套, maltu, “manner of speaking”)
* 문투 (文套, muntu, “literary style”)
* 봉투 (封套, bongtu, “envelope; bag, sack”)
* 상투적 (常套的, sangtujeok, “conventional”)
* 어투 (語套, eotu, “tone”)
* 외투 (外套, oetu, “overcoat”)
* 허투 (虛套, heotu, “sham”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

套: Hán Nôm readings: sáo, thạo
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.