OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# penilaian sumatif
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of penilaian +‎ sumatif.

### Noun

penilaian sumatif (plural penilaian-penilaian sumatif)
* (education) summative assessment: any method of evaluation performed at the end of a unit or term that allows a teacher to measure student learning by comparing it against a standard or benchmark

### Further reading

* “penilaian sumatif” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# არამუსიკალურად
## Georgian
### Etymology

From არა- (ara-, “un-”) +‎ მუსიკალურად (musiḳalurad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aɾamusikʼaɫuɾatʰ]

### Adverb

არამუსიკალურად • (aramusiḳalurad)
* unmusically
# maioritatibus
## Latin
### Noun

maiōritātibus
* dative/ablative plural of maiōritās
# majorana
## Latin
### Noun

majōrana f (genitive majōranae); first declension
* Alternative spelling of maiorana

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

### Adjective

majōrāna
* inflection of majōrānus:
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural
** nominative/vocative feminine singular

### Adjective

majōrānā
* ablative feminine singular of majōrānus

### References

* "majorana", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
# socioloģiskākā
## Latvian
### Adjective

socioloģiskākā
* locative masculine/feminine singular of socioloģiskāks
# bocky
## English
### Etymology

Derived from Irish bac (“bend”).

### Adjective

bocky
* (Ireland) crooked
** A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN CLOSSARY:
    A bocky stick, a bocky leg.

### References

* J. J. Hogan and Patrick C. O'Neill (1947) “A NORTH-COUNTY DUBLIN GLOSSARY”, in Béaloideas‎, volume 17, number 1/2, An Cumann Le Béaloideas Eireann/Folklore of lreland Society, page 264
# peninjauan kembali
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of peninjauan +‎ kembali, calque of Dutch herziening.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pə.nɪn.ˈd͡ʒau̯.an kəm.ˈba.li/

### Noun

peninjauan kembali (plural peninjauan-peninjauan kembali)
* (law) review: judicial reassessment of a case or an event

#### Alternative forms

* PK

### Further reading

* “peninjauan kembali” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# არამყარობა
## Georgian
### Etymology

From არა- (ara-, “un-”) +‎ მყარი (mq̇ari) +‎ -ობა (-oba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aɾamχʼaɾoba]
* Hyphenation: არამ‧ყა‧რო‧ბა

### Noun

არამყარობა • (aramq̇aroba) (uncountable)
* destructibility, shakiness

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# giechel
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from giechelen (“to giggle”).

#### Noun

giechel c (plural giechels, diminutive giecheltje n)
* a giggle
* (colloquial) face
    Synonyms: gezicht, smoel, bakkes, porem
    Hij mepte die gast vol in z'n giechel. ― He hit that guy squarely in his face.

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

giechel
* inflection of giechelen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
# cakoi
## Malay
### Alternative forms

* cahkwe
* cakwe

### Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien 油炸粿 (iû-chā-kóe). Compare Indonesian cakwe, Cebuano siyakoy, Tagalog siyakoy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃakoj/ [ˈt͡ʃa.koi̯]
* Rhymes: -oi̯

### Noun

cakoi (Jawi spelling چاکوي, plural cakoi-cakoi, informal 1st possessive cakoiku, 2nd possessive cakoimu, 3rd possessive cakoinya)
* youtiao

### Further reading

* “cakoi” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# 生粉
## Chinese

* 生粉

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shēngfěn
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ ㄈㄣˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saang$^1$ fan$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sang$^1$ fun$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēngfěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ ㄈㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shengfěn
*** Wade–Giles: shêng$^1$-fên$^3$
*** Yale: shēng-fěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shengfeen
*** Palladius: шэнфэнь (šɛnfɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ fən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saang$^1$ fan$^2$
*** Yale: sāang fán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saang$^1$ fan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sang$^1$ fen$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːŋ⁵⁵ fɐn³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sang$^1$ fun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ³³ fun⁵⁵/

### Noun

生粉
* potato starch
* cornstarch

### See also

* 太白粉 (tàibáifěn)
* 玉米粉 (yùmǐfěn)
# socioloģiskākos
## Latvian
### Adjective

socioloģiskākos
* inflection of socioloģiskāks:
** locative masculine plural
** definite accusative masculine plural
# noční
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech nocní, noční. By surface analysis, noc +‎ -ní.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnot͡ʃɲiː]

### Adjective

noční (not comparable, adverb nočně)
* (relational) nighttime, night
* nocturnal

#### Related terms

* celonoční
* každonoční

#### See also

* denní

### Further reading

* “noční”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “noční”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “noční”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# არანორმალური
## Georgian
### Etymology

From არა- (ara-, “un-”) +‎ ნორმალური (normaluri).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aɾanoɾmaɫuɾi]

### Adjective

არანორმალური • (aranormaluri) (comparative უფრო არანორმალური, superlative ყველაზე არანორმალური)
* abnormal
* insane, crazy, screwy

#### Derived terms

* არანორმალურად (aranormalurad)
# giechel
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɣi.xəl/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from giechelen (“to giggle”).

#### Noun

giechel c (plural giechels, diminutive giecheltje n)
* a giggle
* (colloquial) face
    Synonyms: gezicht, smoel, bakkes, porem
    Hij mepte die gast vol in z'n giechel. ― He hit that guy squarely in his face.

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

giechel
* inflection of giechelen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
# aron
## Dutch
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin aron (also arum), from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaː.rɔn/
* Hyphenation: aron

#### Noun

aron m (plural arons)
* (obsolete) arum, plant or flower of the genus Arum

##### Derived terms

* aronskelk

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Hebrew אָרוֹן.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːˈroːn/
* Hyphenation: aron

#### Noun

aron m (plural arons or aroniem)
* (Judaism) ark (consecrated receptacle for storing Torah scrolls)
    Synonym: Aron Hakodesj

## Esperanto
### Noun

aron
* accusative singular of aro

## Finnish
### Noun

aron
* genitive singular of aro

### Anagrams

* Arno, oran, raon

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* aaron

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːrun/

### Noun

aron (plural arons)
* cuckoopint, wakerobin.

#### Descendants

* >? Fingallian: arroon

#### References

* “āron, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* earun, earon

### Verb

aron
* Northumbrian form of earon

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.rɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arɔn
* Syllabification: a‧ron
* Homophone: Aron

### Noun

aron m inan
* arum (a flower or plant in the genus Arum)
    Synonym: obrazki

#### Declension
### Further reading

* aron in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# socioloģiskāko
## Latvian
### Adjective

socioloģiskāko
* inflection of socioloģiskāks:
** definite vocative/accusative/instrumental masculine/feminine singular
** definite genitive masculine/feminine plural
# おやま
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of おやま – see the following entries. :
| 【女形】 | [noun] male actor who plays female roles in kabuki theater: onnagata [noun] in puppetry, a female puppet [noun] (slang, possibly archaic, chiefly Kansai) a high-end prostitute Alternative spellings 女方, お山, 御山 |
| 【小山】 | [noun] hill, knoll [proper noun] Oyama (a city in Tochigi prefecture, Japan) [proper noun] a surname |
(This term, おやま (oyama), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) :
(The following entry does not have a page created for it yet: 尾山.)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

おやま • (oyama)
* 御山: (polite) mountain; travelling buddhist monk
# bonnefyre
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* banefyre

### Etymology

bon +‎ fyr

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔ(ː)nˌfiːr/

### Noun

bonnefyre (plural bonnefyres)
* (Late Middle English) A fire in which bones were burned, bonfire.

#### Descendants

* English: bonfire

#### References

* “bō̆n-fīr, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
# არაპირდაპირად
## Georgian
### Etymology

From არა- (ara-, “un-”) +‎ პირდაპირად (ṗirdaṗirad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aɾapʼiɾdapʼiɾatʰ]

### Adverb

არაპირდაპირად • (araṗirdaṗirad)
* indirectly
# banna-clab
## Fingallian
### Etymology

From Irish bainne (“milk”) clábar (“mud”).

### Noun

banna-clab
* Thick milk.
** 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
    Banna-clab,Thick-Milk.
# apoptosis
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις (apóptōsis, “a falling off”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + πτῶσις (ptôsis, “falling”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˌapɒpˈtəʊsɪs/
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ˌæ.pəˈtoʊ.sɪs/, /ˌæpəpˈtoʊsəs/
* Rhymes: -əʊsɪs

### Noun

apoptosis (countable and uncountable, plural apoptoses)
* (biology, cytology) A process of programmed cell death by which cells undergo an ordered sequence of events which leads to death of the cell, as occurs during growth and development of the organism, as a part of normal cell aging, or as a response to cellular injury. [from 20th c.]
    Coordinate terms: autocytolysis, autophagy
    Hypernym: programmed cell death
** 1972, J. F. R. Kerr, A. H. Wyllie, A. R. Currie, “Apoptosis: A Basic Biological Phenomenon with Wide-ranging Implications in Tissue Kinetics”, in British journal of cancer‎, volume 26, →DOI:The term apoptosis is proposed for a hitherto little recognized mechanism of controlled cell deletion, which appears to play a complementary but opposite role to mitosis in the regulation of animal cell populations.
** 1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 238:Indeed, so important is apoptosis that it is gradually becoming clear that almost all therapeutic cancer treatment works only because it induces apoptosis by alerting p53 and its colleagues.
** 2011, Terence Allen, Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 74:Apoptosis is routine in developmental processes such as the removal of webbing between fingers in humans, the loss of tadpole tails in amphibians, and insect metamorphosis.

#### Derived terms

* antiapoptosis
* apoptotic
* apoptotically
* lipoapoptosis
* necroapoptosis
* necroptosis
* neuroapoptosis
* oncoapoptosis
* paraptosis
* proapoptosis
* UVB-induced apoptosis

#### Translations
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /apobˈtosis/ [a.poβ̞ˈt̪o.sis]
* Rhymes: -osis
* Syllabification: a‧pop‧to‧sis

### Noun

apoptosis f (plural apoptosis)
* (cytology) apoptosis

### Further reading

* “apoptosis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# aron
## Dutch
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin aron (also arum), from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaː.rɔn/
* Hyphenation: aron

#### Noun

aron m (plural arons)
* (obsolete) arum, plant or flower of the genus Arum

##### Derived terms

* aronskelk

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Hebrew אָרוֹן.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːˈroːn/
* Hyphenation: aron

#### Noun

aron m (plural arons or aroniem)
* (Judaism) ark (consecrated receptacle for storing Torah scrolls)
    Synonym: Aron Hakodesj

## Esperanto
### Noun

aron
* accusative singular of aro

## Finnish
### Noun

aron
* genitive singular of aro

### Anagrams

* Arno, oran, raon

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* aaron

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːrɔn/

### Noun

aron (plural arons)
* cuckoopint, wakerobin.

#### Descendants

* >? Fingallian: arroon

#### References

* “āron, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* earun, earon

### Verb

aron
* Northumbrian form of earon

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.rɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arɔn
* Syllabification: a‧ron
* Homophone: Aron

### Noun

aron m inan
* arum (a flower or plant in the genus Arum)
    Synonym: obrazki

#### Declension
### Further reading

* aron in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# somiskajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

somiskajās
* definite locative feminine plural of somisks
# medicalization
## English
### Alternative forms

* medicalisation

### Etymology

From medical +‎ -ization.

### Noun

medicalization (countable and uncountable, plural medicalizations)
* The act or process of medicalizing.
    Hyponyms: overmedicalization, disease mongering
    Near-synonym: pathologization
    The medicalization of neurodiversity is complex; psychiatric nosology attempts to draw appropriate lines according to functional impairment or distress, but the concept of functional impairment sometimes relies on enculturated requirements.
** 2013, Alexander Wijnants, “Identity of Neurology Social Media and the Politician versus Medicalization of Trans People”, in Synaesthesia: Communication Across Cultures‎, volume 1, number 4, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2015-09-10, page 131:Identity of Neurology Social Media and the Politician versus Medicalization of Trans People [title]
** 2022 September 20, Danielle Carr, “Mental Health Is Political”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:Once we begin to ask questions about medicalization, the entire framing of the mental health toll of the Covid crisis — an “epidemic” of mental illness, as various publications have called it, rather than a political crisis with medical effects — begins to seem inadequate.

#### Derived terms

* antimedicalization
* biomedicalization
* demedicalization
* overmedicalization
* paramedicalization

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* decimalization
# pensil warna
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of pensil (“pencil”) +‎ warna (“color”), calque of Dutch kleurpotlood.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɛn.sɪl ˈwar.na/

### Noun

pensil warna (plural pensil-pensil warna)
* colored pencil, coloured pencil

#### Alternative forms

* pensel warna (Johor-Riau)

### Further reading

* “pensil warna” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# არაპირდაპირი ომი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aɾapʼiɾdapʼiɾi omi]
* Hyphenation: არა‧პირ‧და‧პი‧რი ომი

### Noun

არაპირდაპირი ომი • (araṗirdaṗiri omi) (plural არაპირდაპირი ომები)
* proxy war, indirect war, nondirect war
    Synonym: ომი შუამავლის მეშვეობით (omi šuamavlis mešveobit)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ロ

| ロ | U+30ED, &#12525; KATAKANA LETTER RO |
| ← レ [U+30EC] | Katakana | ヮ → [U+30EE] |
| ㋺ | U+32FA, &#13050; CIRCLED KATAKANA RO |
| ← ㋹ [U+32F9] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㋻ → [U+32FB] |
| ﾛ | U+FF9B, &#65435; HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER RO |
| ← ﾚ [U+FF9A] | Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | ﾜ → [U+FF9C] |

## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾo̞]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Simplified in the Heian period from the man'yōgana kanji 呂.

#### Syllable

ロ • (ro)
* The katakana syllable ロ (ro). Its equivalent in hiragana is ろ (ro). It is the forty-third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is ラ行オ段 (ra-gyō o-dan, “row ra, section o”).

##### Usage notes

The katakana syllabary is used primarily for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of gairaigo (loan words), as well as to represent onomatopoeias, technical and scientific terms, and the names of plants, animals, and minerals. It is also occasionally used in some words for emphasis, or to ease reading; katakana may be preferred for words becoming buried in the text if they are written under their canonical form in hiragana. Names of Japanese companies, as well as certain Japanese language words such as colloquial terms, are also sometimes written in katakana rather than the other systems. Formerly, female firstnames would often be written in katakana.

##### See also

* (Katakana) 片仮名; アァ, イィ, ウゥヴ, エェ(𛀀), オォ, カヵガ, キギ, クグ, ケヶゲ, コゴ, サザ, シジ, スズ, セゼ, ソゾ, タダ, チヂ, ツッヅ, テデ, トド, ナ, ニ, ヌ, ネ, ノ, ハバパ, ヒビピ, フブプ, ヘベペ, ホボポ, マ, ミ, ム, メ, モ, ヤャ, 𛄠 (𛄠), ユュ, エ/𛄡 (𛄡), ヨョ, ララ゚, リリ゚, ルル゚, レレ゚, ロロ゚, ワヮヷ, ヰヸ, 𛄢 (𛄢), ヱヹ, ヲヺ, ン, ー, ヽ, ヾ

### Etymology 2

Clipping of ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”)

#### Proper noun

ロ • (Ro)
* Abbreviation of ロシア (Roshia, “Russia”).; relating to Russia or the Russians
    Synonym: 露 (Ro)
** 2025 January 6, “ロ、ウクライナ要衝クラホベ占領、クルスク州ではウ軍が再び攻勢”, in Reuters Japan:

#### Affix

ロ • (Ro)
* Russo-; Russian; relating to Russia or the Russians
    Synonym: 露 (Ro)
    ロ軍(ぐん)
       Ro gun
       Russian Army
    米(べい)ロ首(しゅ)脳(のう)会(かい)談(だん)
       Bei Ro shunō kaidan
       US-Russian summit

### Etymology 3

From the traditional iroha ordering (いろは順) of kana.

#### Noun

ロ • (ro)
* si (musical note)
    Coordinate terms: ハ, ニ, ホ, ヘ, ト, イ, ロ
# застёгивать
## Russian
### Etymology

застегну́ть (zastegnútʹ) +‎ -ивать (-ivatʹ)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɐˈsʲtʲɵɡʲɪvətʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

застёгивать • (zastjógivatʹ) impf (perfective застегну́ть)
* to buckle up, to zip up, to button up, to fasten
** 1905, Александр Куприн [Aleksandr I. Kuprin], “VII”, in Поединок; English translation from Josh Billings, transl., The Duel, New York: Melville House Publishing, 2011:Подпору́чик, кото́рый в э́то вре́мя лежа́л на крова́ти, бы́стро вскочи́л и, красне́я, стал торопли́во застёгивать пу́говицы тужу́рки.Podporúčik, kotóryj v éto vrémja ležál na krováti, býstro vskočíl i, krasnéja, stal toroplívo zastjógivatʹ púgovicy tužúrki.The sub-lieutenant, who was lying on his bed, quickly jumped up and, blushing, began hurriedly buttoning up his jacket.

#### Related terms

* застёжка (zastjóžka)
# somiskajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

somiskajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of somisks
# medicalization
## English
### Alternative forms

* medicalisation

### Etymology

From medical +‎ -ization.

### Noun

medicalization (countable and uncountable, plural medicalizations)
* The act or process of medicalizing.
    Hyponyms: overmedicalization, disease mongering
    Near-synonym: pathologization
    The medicalization of neurodiversity is complex; psychiatric nosology attempts to draw appropriate lines according to functional impairment or distress, but the concept of functional impairment sometimes relies on enculturated requirements.
** 2013, Alexander Wijnants, “Identity of Neurology Social Media and the Politician versus Medicalization of Trans People”, in Synaesthesia: Communication Across Cultures‎, volume 1, number 4, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2015-09-10, page 131:Identity of Neurology Social Media and the Politician versus Medicalization of Trans People [title]
** 2022 September 20, Danielle Carr, “Mental Health Is Political”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:Once we begin to ask questions about medicalization, the entire framing of the mental health toll of the Covid crisis — an “epidemic” of mental illness, as various publications have called it, rather than a political crisis with medical effects — begins to seem inadequate.

#### Derived terms

* antimedicalization
* biomedicalization
* demedicalization
* overmedicalization
* paramedicalization

#### See also

* overdiagnosis
* underdiagnosis

### Anagrams

* decimalization
# penuaan penduduk
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of penuaan +‎ penduduk.

### Noun

penuaan penduduk (plural penuaan-penuaan penduduk)
* (demography) population ageing: an increasing median age in a population because of declining fertility rates and rising life expectancy

### Further reading

* “penuaan penduduk” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# fanilect
## English
### Etymology

Blend of fan +‎ familect coined by linguist Cynthia Gordon.

### Noun

fanilect (plural fanilects)
* (linguistics, fandom slang) The lect of a fandom, including in-group slang, phrases, and expressions.
    Hyponym: bronyspeak
** 2023 February 3, Pia Ceres, “Quoting Taylor Swift Lyrics Is an Actual Linguistic Thing”, in Wired‎, San Francisco, C.A.: Condé Nast Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-19:The internet serves as an accelerant to fanilects. Because song lyrics are readily available online, they have a characteristic linguists call "persistence," meaning anyone can refer to them and reuse them. […] If a familect exists within a family unit, then an online community’s fanilect expands exponentially, like invisible strings across distance and time.
** 2024 November 22, Matthew Jordon, Victoria Morton, “Move aside Shakespeare. Taylor Swift is the one we should all be studying”, in Toronto Star‎:Taylor’s use of language is so precise that Swifties speak in their own “fanilect”.
** 2025, Sofia Rüdiger, Alex Baratta, Transnational Korean Englishes, Cambridge University Press:We already gave an example for this, namely, the Korean word oppa (오빠; 'older brother' [used by female speakers]), which underwent semantic shift in the K-pop fanilect (which as mentioned previously found its way into the OED).
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:fanilect.

### References

* ↑ Sam Corbin, "Modern Swifties Have Transcended the Joke", The New York Times‎, 1 January 2024
# ynka
## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish enka. Compare enkom (“solely”), Old Danish ønke, Danish ynke.

#### Adjective

ynka (not comparable)
* (informal) pitiful (very small amount)

### Etymology 2

From Old Swedish ynka, from Old Norse aumka. Doublet of ömka.

#### Verb

ynka (present ynkar, preterite ynkade, supine ynkat, imperative ynka)
* (rare) sympathise, pity
** 1954 October 3, H.N., “Topsy blir utklädd”, in Svenska Dagbladet‎, page 24:Ju mer vi ynkade henne, ju sämre kände hon sig.The more we pitied her, the worse she felt.
* (rare, reflexive) whine

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Derived terms

* ynkrygg
* ynklig

### References

* ynka in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* ynka in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* ynka in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* ynka in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
# maioritatis
## Latin
### Noun

maiōritātis
* genitive singular of maiōritās