# 福建
## Chinese

* 福建 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 福建 (Cantonese)
* 福建 (Classical)
* 福建 (Gan)
* Fuk-kien (Hakka)
* Hók-gióng (Eastern Min)
* Hok-kiàn (Southern Min)
* 福建 (Wu)

### Etymology

Short for 福州 (Fúzhōu) + 建州 (Jiànzhōu), two ancient prefectures in modern Fujian. Coined with the establishment of 福建路 (“Fujian Circuit”) in 985 CE by the Northern Song court.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Fújiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fuk$^1$ gin$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fuuk$^2$ gen$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fuh$^6$ jien
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Fuk-kien / Fuk-kian
    (Hailu, HRS): fug gien$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fug$^5$ gian$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Hók-gióng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horh$^6$ goeng$^4$ / horh$^6$ gyeng$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Hok-kiàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hog$^4$ giêng$^3$ / hog$^4$ giang$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$foq-ci$_5$ / $^7$foq-cie$_5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Fújiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Fújiàn
*** Wade–Giles: Fu$^2$-chien$^4$
*** Yale: Fú-jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Fwujiann
*** Palladius: Фуцзянь (Fuczjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fuk$^1$ gin$^3$
*** Yale: fūk gin
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fuk$^7$ gin$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fug$^1$ gin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊk̚⁵ kiːn³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fuuk$^2$ gen$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɵk̚⁵⁵ ken³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fuh$^6$ jien
*** Sinological IPA : /fuʔ⁵ t͡ɕiɛn²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fuk-kien
*** Hakka Romanization System: fug$^ˋ$ gien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fug$^5$ gian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuk̚² ki̯en⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Fuk-kian
*** Hakka Romanization System: fug$^ˋ$ gian
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fug$^5$ gian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuk̚² ki̯an⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fug gien$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuk⁵⁻² kien¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fug$^5$ gian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fʊk̚¹ kian⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Hók-gióng
*** Sinological IPA : /huʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ kyɔŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: horh$^6$ goeng$^4$ [Phonetic: horh$^7$ goeng$^4$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Ho̤h-ge̤̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ kœŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: horh$^6$ gyeng$^4$ [Phonetic: horh$^7$ gyeng$^4$]
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒʔ²⁻²⁴ kyøŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn
*** Tâi-lô: Hok-kiàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hokkiexn
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛn¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Penang): /hɔk̚³⁻⁴ kiɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɛn²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hog$^4$ giêng$^3$ / hog$^4$ giang$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hok kièng / hok kiàng
*** Sinological IPA : /hok̚²⁻⁴ kieŋ²¹³/, /hok̚²⁻⁴ kiaŋ²¹³/
* hog4 giêng3 - Chaozhou;
* hog4 giang3 - Shantou.
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready. Particularly: "please add Min Chinese"

### Proper noun

福建
* (～省) Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)

#### Usage notes

Kinmen (Quemoy) and Lienchiang (Matsu) counties, offshore island groups governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan), are excluded or included based on the context.

#### Derived terms

* 福建人 (Fújiànrén)
* 福建子
* 福建幫 / 福建帮 (fújiànbāng)
* 福建水師 / 福建水师 (Fújiàn Shuǐshī)
* 福建炒飯 / 福建炒饭 (Fújiàn chǎofàn)
* 福建船 (fújiànchuán)
* 福建話 / 福建话 (fújiànhuà)
* 福建麵 / 福建面 (Fújiànmiàn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 福(ふっ)建(けん) (Fukken)
* → Okinawan: 福(ふ)建(ちゃん) (Fuchan)
* → Korean: 복건(福建) (Bokgeon)
* → Vietnamese: Phúc Kiến (福建)
Others:
* → English: Fujian, Fuhkien, Fukien, Fu-chien, Fookien, Fokien, Hokkien
* → Georgian: ფუძიენი (puʒieni)
* → Khmer: ហុកកៀន (hokkiən)
* → Korean: 푸젠 (Pujen)
* → Malay: Fujian, Hokkien, Hokkian
* → Russian: Фуцзя́нь (Fuczjánʹ), фуцзя́нец (fuczjánec)
* → Spanish: Fujian, Fokien, Fukién
* → Tagalog: Fukien, Hokkien
* → Thai: ฝูเจี้ยน, ฮกเกี้ยน

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 福 | 建 |
| ふく > ふっ Grade: 3 | けん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 福建 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɸɯ̟k̚kẽ̞ɴ]

### Proper noun

福(ふっ)建(けん) • (Fukken)
* Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)

#### Derived terms

* 福(ふっ)建(けん)語(ご) (fukkengo)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 福 | 建 |

### Proper noun

福建 • (Bokgeon) (hangeul 복건)
* hanja form of 복건 : Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)

## Okinawan

Kanji in this term :
| 福 | 建 |
| Grade: 3 | Grade: 4 |
* Alternative spelling
* 福建 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɸut͡ɕaŋ̍/

### Proper noun

福建(ふちゃん) (Fuchan)
* Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)

### References

* “フチャン” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
* Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 福 | 建 |

### Proper noun

福建
* chữ Hán form of Phúc Kiến.: Fujian (a province of the People's Republic of China (mainland China), located on the southeastern coast)