# pine
## English
### Alternative forms

* pyne (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (UK, General American) IPA: /paɪn/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪn

### Etymology 1

From Middle English pyne, from Latin pīnus, see there for more. Doublet of pinus. Possibly related to fat.

#### Noun

pine (countable and uncountable, plural pines)
* (countable, uncountable) Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.
    Synonyms: pine tree, pinus
    The northern slopes were covered mainly in pine.
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 41:Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.
* (countable) Any tree (usually coniferous) which resembles a member of this genus in some respect.
* (uncountable) The wood of this tree.
    Synonym: pinewood
* (archaic except Caribbean, Guyana, South Africa, Australia) A pineapple.
** 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:" […] I bought a pine-apple at the same time, which I gave to Sambo. Let's have it for tiffin; very cool and nice this hot weather." Rebecca said she had never tasted a pine, and longed beyond everything to taste one.
** 1918 June, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “Prelude”, in Bliss and Other Stories, London: Constable & Company, published 1920, →OCLC, chapter 7, pages 38–39:Linda carried the oysters in one hand and the pineapple in the other. […] [S]he put the bottle of oysters and the pine on a little carved chair.
* (sports, uncountable, colloquial) The bench, where players sit when not playing.
** 2013, Sam Zygner, The Forgotten Marlins, page 287:[…] rather than languish on the pine in Miami.
** 2019, Martin Copeland, The Boys from Dogtown:Take off your gear and hit the pine. And don't take your time. You understand me, boy?
* (uncountable, colloquial) A counter or bartop.
    I'll be behind the pine slinging your favorite cold ones, so come and see me!

##### Derived terms

* Aleppo pine
* arolla pine (Pinus cembra)
* Austrian pine (Pinus nigra)
* ayacahuite pine
* Balfour pine
* Balkan pine
* Baltic pine
* Bhutan pine
* black pine (Pinus nigra etc.)
* Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii)
* Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia)
* bristlecone pine (Pinus subsect. Balfourianae spp.)
* bunya pine (Araucaria bidwillii)
* California Pines
* Canadian red pine
* Caribbean pine
* celery pine
* Chihuahua pine
* Chile pine/Chilean pine (Araucaria araucana)
* chilgoza pine
* Corsican pine
* Cuban pine
* cypress pine (Cupressaceae spp.)
* digger pine (Pinus sabiniana)
* Dundathu pine
* eastern white pine
* fern pine
* festoon pine
* foothill pine
* foxtail pine
* grab some pine
* gray pine
* grey pine (Pinus banksiana)
* ground pine
* Guadalupe pine (Pinus radiata var. binata)
* hard pine (Pinus subg. Pinus spp.)
* hazel pine
* heart pine
* high as a Georgia pine
* Hispaniolan pine
* Hispaniola pine
* hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii)
* horsetail pine (Pinus massoniana)
* Huon pine (Lagarostrobos franklinii)
* Illawarra mountain pine
* insignis-pine
* insignis pine (Pinus radiata)
* Isle of Pines
* jack pine (Pinus banksiana)
* Japanese pine
* Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi)
* Jerusalem pine
* joint pine (Ephedra spp.)
* kauri pine
* King Billy pine/King William pine (Athrotaxis selaginoides)
* klinkii pine
* klinki pine (Araucaria hunsteinii)
* knobcone pine
* Korean pine
* Lake of the Pines
* Lambert pine (Pinus lambertiana)
* Leichhardt pine
* Leichhardt's pine
* loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
* lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)
* longleaf pine (Pinus palustris)
* Macedonian pine
* Macquarie pine
* maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)
* Mexican white pine
* Monterey pine (Pinus radiata)
* mountain pine (Pinus mugo)
* mugo pine (Pinus mugo)
* Murray pine
* Norfolk Island pine/Norfolk pine (Araucaria heterophylla)
* Norfolk Island star pine
* North Carolina pine
* Norway pine (Pinus resinosa)
* nut pine
* Oyster Bay pine
* Parana pine/Paraná pine (Araucaria angustifolia)
* parasol pine
* Pembroke Pines
* pencil pine
* pickled pine
* pineal
* pine aphid
* pineapple
* pine beetle (Dendroctonus spp.)
* pine box
* pine bunting (Emberiza leucocephalos)
* Pine City
* pine-cone
* pinecone, pine cone
* Pine County
* pinedrops (Pterospora andromedea)
* pinefinch
* pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens)
* pine green
* pine grosbeak
* pine grouse
* pine kernel
* Pine Lake
* pine lizard (Sceloporus undulatus)
* pine marten (Martes martes)
* pine-moss
* Pine Mountain
* pine mouth
* pine mushroom (Tricholoma magnivelare)
* pine needle
* pine nut
* pine nut syndrome
* pine oil
* Pine Point
* pine processionary
* Pine Rat
* pine reproduction weevil
* pine sap
* pinesap (Monotropa hypopitys)
* pine shoot moth (Rhyacionia buoliana)
* pine siskin
* pine snake
* pine squirrel (Tamiasciurus spp.)
* pine tar
* pine terpene
* pine thistle (Carlina gummifera)
* pine torch
* pine tree (Pinus spp.)
* Pine Valley Mountains
* pine vole (Microtus pinetorum)
* pine warbler
* pineweed (Hypericum sarothra)
* pine weevil (Hylobius abietis)
* pine woods snake (Rhadinaea flavilata)
* piñon pine (Pinus subsect. Cembroides)
* pitch pine (Pinus rigida etc.)
* plum pine (Podocarpaceae spp.)
* Pollock Pines
* ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)
* Port Jackson pine
* prince's pine (Chimaphila umbellata)
* pug and pine
* Puget Sound pine
* radiata pine (Pinus radiata)
* red pine (Pinus resinosa)
* remarkable pine
* ride the pine
* River Pines
* rosemary pine
* Rottnest Island pine
* Royal Pines
* sand pine (Pinus clausa)
* Scotch pine/Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)
* screw pine (Pandanus)
* scrub pine (Pinus banksiana)
* shore pine (Pinus contorta)
* shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata)
* Siberian pine
* silver pine (Manoao colensoi)
* slash pine
* slender cypress pine
* soft pine (Pinus subg. Strobus)
* southern cypress pine
* southern yellow pine
* spruce pine
* star pine (Araucaria heterophylla)
* stone pine (Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra)
* sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana)
* Sumatran pine
* swamp pine (Pinus elliottii)
* Swiss pine (Pinus cembra)
* Swiss stone pine
* tanyosho pine
* Torrey pine
* Turkish pine (Pinus brutia)
* umbrella pine (Pinus pinea, Pinus cembra)
* western yellow pine
* Westland pine
* whitebark pine
* white pine (Pinus subg. Strobus spp.)
* Wollemi pine (Wollemia nobilis)
* yellow pine
* yew pine

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English pine, pyne, from Old English *pīn (“pain”), from Proto-Germanic *pīnō (“pain, torment, torture”), possibly from Latin poena (“punishment”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”). Cognate to pain.
Entered Germanic with Christianity; cognate to Middle Dutch pinen, Old High German pīnōn, Old Norse pína.

#### Noun

pine (plural pines)
* (archaic) A painful longing.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From Middle English pinen, from Old English pīnian (“to torment”), from Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, from Proto-Germanic *pīnō (“pain, torment, torture”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with German peinigen (“to torment, torture”), Icelandic pína (“to torment”).

#### Verb

pine (third-person singular simple present pines, present participle pining, simple past and past participle pined)
* (intransitive) To languish; to lose flesh or wear away through distress.
    Synonyms: languish, droop
** c. 1589–1590 (date written), Christopher Marlo[we], edited by Tho[mas] Heywood, The Famous Tragedy of the Rich Iew of Malta. […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Nicholas Vavasour, […], published 1633, →OCLC, Act I:Why pine not I, and die in this distress?
** 1674, John Milton, “Book XI”, in Paradise Lost. […], 2nd edition, London: […] S[amuel] Simmons […], →OCLC, pages 299–300:[T]hou mayſt know / What miſerie th' inabſtinence of Eve / Shall bring on men. Immediately a place / Before his eyes appeard, ſad, noyſom, dark, / A Lazar-houſe it ſeemd, wherein were laid / Numbers all diſeas'd, […] / […] / Dæmoniac Phrenzie, moaping Melancholie / And Moon-ſtruck madneſs, pining Atrophie, / Maraſmus and wide-waſting Peſtilence.
** 170?, Thomas Tickell, To a Lady; With a Present of Flowers:This night shall see the gaudy wreath decline, The roses wither and the lilies pine.
** 1855, John Sullivan Dwight (translator), “Oh Holy Night”, as printed in 1871, Adolphe-Charles Adam (music), “Cantique de Noël”, G. Schirmer (New York), originally by Placide Cappeau de Roquemaure, 1847
    Long lay the world in sin and error pining / Till He appear’d and the soul felt its worth
** 1994, Walter Dean Myers, The Glory Field‎, →ISBN, page 29:The way the story went was that the man's foot healed up all right but that he just pined away.
** 2001 May 15, Tool (lyrics and music), “Reflection” (track 11), in Lateralus‎:Before I pine away (Pine away)
* (intransitive) To long, to yearn so much that it causes suffering.
    Synonyms: long, yearn
    Laura was pining for Bill all the time he was gone.
** 1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by shopkeeper and Mr Praline (Michael Palin and John Cleese):Praline: "That parrot is definitely deceased. And when I bought it not half an hour ago you assured me that its lack of movement was due to it being tired and shagged out after a long squawk." Shopkeeper: "It's probably pining for the fiords." Praline: "Pining for the fiords, what kind of talk is that?"
** 2016 August 14, Ross Douthat, “A Playboy for President”, in The New York Times‎:Ten years ago, liberals pined for a post-religious right, a different culture war. Be careful what you wish for.
** 2019 August 14, A. A. Dowd, “Good Boys Puts a Tween Spin on the R-rated Teen Comedy, to Mostly Funny Effect”, in The A.V. Club‎, archived from the original on 4 March 2021:Of the group, Max (Room’s Jacob Tremblay) is the most nominally mature, at least biologically speaking; unlike his childhood companions, he’s entered the early throes of puberty, and spends a lot of his waking hours pining, rather chastely, for a classmate (Millie Davis).
* (transitive) To grieve or mourn for.
    (Can we add an example for this sense?) (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
    Synonyms: bewail, lament; see also Thesaurus:lament
* (transitive) To inflict pain upon; to torment.
    Synonyms: afflict, torment, torture; see also Thesaurus:hurt
** 1648, Joseph Hall, “The Breathings of the Devout Soul”, in Josiah Pratt, editor, The Works of the Right Reverend Father in God, Joseph Hall, D.D. […], volume VI (Devotional Works), London: […] C[harles] Whittingham, […]; for Williams and Smith, […], published 1808, →OCLC, page 325:Which way, O Lord, which way can I look, and not see some sad examples of misery? […] [O]ne is pined in prison; another, tortured on the rack; a third, languisheth under the loss of a dear son, or wife, or husband.

##### Derived terms

* pine away
* pining stool

##### Translations
### Further reading

* pine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “pine”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “pine”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “pine”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* pein

## Bih
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Chamic *binay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binahi ~ *bahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pine
* woman, girl

### Further reading

* Tam Thi Min Nguyen, A grammar of Bih (2013)

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpʰiːnə]

### Etymology 1

Via Old Saxon pīna from Medieval Latin pēna (“punishment in hell”), from Latin poena (“punishment”), a loan from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”).

#### Noun

pine c (singular definite pinen, plural indefinite piner)
* torment
* (in compounds) ache

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle Low German pīnen, derived from the noun.

#### Verb

pine (imperative pin, infinitive at pine, present tense piner, past tense pinte, perfect tense er/har pint)
* torment
* torture

##### Synonyms

* martre
* nage
* plage

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pin/

### Etymology 1

Originally “pinecone”, from Latin pīnea

#### Noun

pine f (plural pines)
* (slang) nob, penis

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

pine
* inflection of piner:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “pine”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Verb

pine
* inflection of pinar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpi.ne/
* Rhymes: -ine
* Hyphenation: pì‧ne

### Noun

pine f
* plural of pina

### Anagrams

* peni

## Latin
### Noun

pīne
* vocative singular of pīnus

## Maori
### Etymology

Probably English pin

### Noun

pine
* pin, tack, brooch

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse pína, from Latin poena.

### Noun

pine f or m (definite singular pina or pinen, indefinite plural piner, definite plural pinene)
* pain, torment, torture

#### Derived terms

* hodepine
* tannpine
* ørepine

### Verb

pine (present tense piner, past tense pinte, past participle pint)
* to torment, to torture

### References

* “pine” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “pine” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse pína, from Latin poena.

### Noun

pine f (definite singular pina, indefinite plural piner, definite plural pinene)
* pain, torment, torture

#### Derived terms

* hovudpine
* tannpine

### Verb

pine (present tense piner, past tense pinte, past participle pint, passive infinitive pinast, present participle pinande, imperative pin)
* to torment, to torture

### References

* “pine” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Portuguese
### Verb

pine
* inflection of pinar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## West Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian pīne, borrowed from Latin pēna, borrowed from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ). Cognates include Saterland Frisian Piene and Dutch pijn.

### Noun

pine c (plural pinen, diminutive pyntsje)
* pain, ache

#### Further reading

* “pine”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

## Zazaki
### Noun

pine
* patch
* (computing) patch