# آغا
## Iraqi Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آغا (aġa, “lord”).

### Noun

آغا (āḡa) m
* lord, master
* agha, an honorific title of address; Mr., sir
    شلونك آغاتي؟šlonak āḡāti?How are you Sir?

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* (provincial) آقا (aka)

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *āka (“elder (brother)”). Possibly related to Proto-Mongolic *aka (“elder brother”) and Proto-Tungusic *ake (“elder brother”), whence Mongolian ах (ax) and Nanai ага (aga).

### Noun

آغا • (ağa)
* lord, master
* eldest brother
* eldest paternal uncle
* head of household
* head male servant
* agha, an honorific title of address; Mr., sir
* agha, a title of various military and civil officers

#### Descendants

* Turkish: ağa
* → Armenian: աղա (aġa), Աղասի (Aġasi)
* → Bulgarian: ага (aga)
* → Iraqi Arabic: آغا
* → Laz: აღა (ağa)
* → Romanian: agă

### References

* Tokat, Feyza (2014) “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)‎, volume 7, number 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* آغای (āğāy)
* (Dari, colloquial) آغه (âğa), آغی (âğay)
* (some senses) آقا (âqâ), آقای (âqây)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Azerbaijani ağa.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣɑː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.ɣä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒː.ʁɒː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔ.ʁɔ]
* Homophones: آقا (only in Iran)

### Noun

آغا • (âğâ)
* eunuch
* synonym of آقا (âqâ):
** (Classical Persian, dated) sir, mister, Mr.; nobleman
** (Iran) nonstandard spelling of آقا (âqâ).
** agha, aga
* (chiefly Dari, Tajik, often endearing) a term for an older male: grandpa, father, brother
* (usually Iran) lady, madam, Mrs.
* (Hazaragi, endearing) sister

#### Usage notes

* In Classical Persian the term was chiefly a respectful term used to refer to refer to men. Though the term has shifted somewhat in modern varieties:
** In Iran, it maintained a respectful connotation, but has become the semantically feminine form of آقا (âqâ, “Mr., sir”). However, آقا (âqâ) and آغا (âğâ) are homophones in most Iranian dialects, and are only ever distinguished in writing.
** In other dialects, the term has come to have a somewhat more endearing than respectful connotation; But it typically (but not always) still has a more masculine connotation.

#### See also

* When referring to older family members, both بزرگ (buzurg) and کلان (kalān) are correct, but the latter is more common in Afghanistan.
* In many dialects, cases of word final ـا (-ā) may be shortened to ـه (-a).
* In many dialects, all family names ending in ـه (-a) may have an epenthetic ـی (-y) added, e.g. عمه (amma) -> عمی (ammay) (unrelated to ezafe).

### Further reading

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “آغا”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* “آغا”, in قاموس کبیر افغانستان [qāmūs-i kabīr-i afğānistān, The Great Dictionary of Afghanistan] (in Persian), Afghan Dictionary, 2023
* Malistani, Tariq (1993) “آغا”, in فرهنگ ابتدائی ملی هزاره [farhang-i ibtidā'ī millī-yi hazāra]‎ (PDF), SIL International

## Urdu
### Alternative forms

* آقا (āqā)

### Etymology

From Classical Persian آغا (āğā), from Turkic. Compare Turkish ağa and Bengali আগা (aga).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɑː.ɣɑː/
* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Noun

آغا • (āġā) m (Hindi spelling आग़ा)
* Mr.
* sir, gentleman
* master
* owner
* lord