# 泡沫
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pàomò
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˋ ㄇㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pou$^5$ mut$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phàu-boa̍h
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$phau-meq$_8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pàomò
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋ ㄇㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pàomò
*** Wade–Giles: pʻao$^4$-mo$^4$
*** Yale: pàu-mwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pawmoh
*** Palladius: паомо (paomo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pàomòr
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˋ ㄇㄛˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pàomòr
*** Wade–Giles: pʻao$^4$-mo$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: pàu-mòr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pawmoll
*** Palladius: паомор (paomor)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu̯ɔɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pou$^5$ mut$^6$
*** Yale: póuh muht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pou$^5$ mut$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pou$^5$ mud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou̯¹³ muːt̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàu-boa̍h
*** Tâi-lô: phàu-bua̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phao'boah
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰau²¹⁻⁵³ buaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ buaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰau²¹⁻⁵³ buaʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰau¹¹⁻⁵³ buaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰau²¹⁻⁴¹ buaʔ⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$phau-meq$_8$
*** MiniDict: phau$^去$ meh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$phau-meq$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰɔ³³ məʔ⁴⁴/

### Noun

泡沫
* foam (substance composed of a large collection of bubbles); bubble; froth; head (of beer)
       Bīngliáng de shuǐ zài chuán biān fàn qǐ pàomò. [Pinyin]
       The icy cold water foamed over the side of the boat.
* foam (substance formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid); foam plastic
* (finance) Short for 泡沫經濟 / 泡沫经济 (pàomò jīngjì, “economic bubble”).
    互聯網泡沫／互联网泡沫 ― hùliánwǎng pàomò ― Dot-com bubble

#### Synonyms

* (foam plastic): 泡沫塑料 (pàomò sùliào)
* (economic bubble): 泡沫經濟／泡沫经济 (pàomò jīngjì)

#### Derived terms

* 泡沫塑料 (pàomò sùliào)
* 泡沫經濟 / 泡沫经济 (pàomò jīngjì)

#### Related terms

* 氣泡／气泡 (qìpào)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 泡 | 沫 |
| ほう Grade: S | まつ Jinmeiyō |
| kan'on | goon |
Chinese 泡沫 (pàomò)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ほーまつ [hòómátsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ho̞ːma̠t͡sɨ]

#### Noun

泡(ほう)沫(まつ) • (hōmatsu)
* a bubble, or foam, or froth
    泡(ほう)沫(まつ)細(さい)胞(ぼう)
       hōmatsu saibō
       a foam cell
** 1964, Takata Kazuo, Morishita Hiroshi, “Shokuen denkai sō no yōkyoku ni okeru kihō bunsan sō no seijō [Properties of the bubble-dispersion layer formed in the neighborhood of anode during the electrolysis of brine]”, in Denki kagaku oyobi kōgyō butsuri kagaku, →DOI, page 430:
    一(いっ)般(ぱん)にほうまつの安(あん)定(てい)性(せい)は表(ひょう)面(めん)張(ちょう)力(りょく)の大(だい)小(しょう)のみで説(せつ)明(めい)できない場(ば)合(あい)が多(おお)い
       Ippan ni hōmatsu no anteisei wa hyōmen chōryoku no daishō nomi de setsumei dekinai bāi ga ōi
       In general, the stability of the bubbles cannot be explained solely by the degree of surface tension
* (attributive) the state of lasting only for a short time, like a bubble; ephemerality, transience, fleeting-ness, etc.
    Synonym: 泡影 (hōei)
    泡(ほう)沫(まつ)景(けい)気(き)
       hōmatsu keiki
       an ephemeral boom
    泡(ほう)沫(まつ)候(こう)補(ほう)
       hōmatsu kōhō
       a fringe candidate

#### See also

* 泡(ほう)沫(まつ)夢(む)幻(げん) (hōmatsu mugen)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 泡 | 沫 |
| Grade: S | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うたかた [ùtákátá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɯ̟ta̠ka̠ta̠]

#### Noun

泡沫(うたかた) • (utakata)
* (literary) a bubble, or foam, or froth
** 2019, Mafumafu (lyrics and music), “曼珠沙華 [Red Spider Lily]”‎:悲しみに響く波紋は 黄河の水(みな)底(そこ) 恋い慕う　恋い慕う夢は 何時(いつ)ぞやの泡沫(うたかた)Kanashimi ni hibiku hamon wa Kōga no minasoko Koishitau koishitau yume wa Itsuzoya no utakataRipples resonating with sorrow At the bottom of the Yellow River Yearning dreams Like fleeting foam of former times
* (literary, attributive) the state of lasting only for a short time, like a bubble; ephemerality, transience, fleeting-ness, etc.
    泡沫(うたかた)の如(ごと)く消(き)える
       utakata no gotoku kieru
       to vanish like ephemera
    うたかたの夢(ゆめ)/恋(こい)
       utakata no yume/koi
       a fleeting dream/romance

#### See also

* 泡沫(うたかた)人(びと) (utakatabito)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 泡 | 沫 |

### Noun

泡沫 • (pomal) (hangeul 포말)
* hanja form of 포말