# 衝突
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chōngtū, chōngtú
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ ㄊㄨ, ㄔㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cung$^1$ dat$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûng-thu̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): chṳ̆ng-dŏk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): coeng$^1$ doh$^7$ / cyeng$^1$ duoh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiong-tu̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cong$^1$ dug$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chōngtū
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ ㄊㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chongtu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻung$^1$-tʻu$^1$
*** Yale: chūng-tū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chongtu
*** Palladius: чунту (čuntu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chōngtú
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chongtú
*** Wade–Giles: chʻung$^1$-tʻu$^2$
*** Yale: chūng-tú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chongtwu
*** Palladius: чунту (čuntu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^1$ dat$^6$
*** Yale: chūng daht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^1$ dat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^1$ ded$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng-thu̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: cung$^ˊ$ tud
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cung$^1$ tud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰut̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chṳ̆ng-dŏk
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t-)}$nouʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: coeng$^1$ doh$^7$ [Phonetic: coeng$^5$ doh$^7$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: che̤ng-deo̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ tɔʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cyeng$^1$ duoh$^7$ [Phonetic: cyeng$^5$ duoh$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyøŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ tuoʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong-tu̍t
*** Tâi-lô: tshiong-tu̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiongdut
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tut̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ³³ tut̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tut̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tut̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tut̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cong$^1$ dug$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshong tu̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tuk̚⁴/

### Verb

衝突
* (literally, figuratively) to clash; to conflict; to collide
    衝突研究所／冲突研究所 ― chōngtū yánjiūsuǒ ― The Institute for the Study of Conflict
    正面衝突／正面冲突 ― zhèngmiàn chōngtū ― head-on collision
    醫患衝突／医患冲突 ― yīhuàn chōngtū ― doctor-patient conflict

#### Derived terms

* 利害衝突 / 利害冲突 (lìhài chōngtū)
* 利益衝突 / 利益冲突 (lìyì chōngtū)
* 文化衝突 / 文化冲突 (wénhuà chōngtū)
* 武裝衝突 / 武装冲突 (wǔzhuāng chōngtū)
* 編輯衝突 / 编辑冲突 (biānjí chōngtū)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 衝(しょう)突(とつ) (shōtotsu)
* → Korean: 충돌(衝突) (chungdol)
* → Vietnamese: xung đột (衝突)

#### See also

* 抵觸／抵触 (dǐchù)
* 爭鬥／争斗 (zhēngdòu)
* 爭執／争执 (zhēngzhí)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 衝 | 突 |
| しょう Grade: S | とつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 衝突 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーとつ [shòótótsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːto̞t͡sɨ]

### Noun

衝(しょう)突(とつ) • (shōtotsu)
* collision, crash
* conflict of opinion

### Verb

衝(しょう)突(とつ)する • (shōtotsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 衝(しょう)突(とつ)し (shōtotsu shi), past 衝(しょう)突(とつ)した (shōtotsu shita))
* to collide into, to collide with
    木(き)に列車(れっしゃ)が衝突(しょうとつ)しました。
       Ki ni ressha ga shōtotsu shimashita.
       The train collided with a tree.
* to have a conflict with someone
* (of opinions) to conflict

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 衝突し | しょうとつし | shōtotsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 衝突し | しょうとつし | shōtotsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 衝突する | しょうとつする | shōtotsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 衝突する | しょうとつする | shōtotsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 衝突すれ | しょうとつすれ | shōtotsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 衝突せよ¹ 衝突しろ² | しょうとつせよ¹ しょうとつしろ² | shōtotsu seyo¹ shōtotsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 衝突される | しょうとつされる | shōtotsu sareru |
| Causative | 衝突させる 衝突さす | しょうとつさせる しょうとつさす | shōtotsu saseru shōtotsu sasu |
| Potential | 衝突できる | しょうとつできる | shōtotsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 衝突しよう | しょうとつしよう | shōtotsu shiyō |
| Negative | 衝突しない | しょうとつしない | shōtotsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 衝突せず | しょうとつせず | shōtotsu sezu |
| Formal | 衝突します | しょうとつします | shōtotsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 衝突した | しょうとつした | shōtotsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 衝突して | しょうとつして | shōtotsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 衝突すれば | しょうとつすれば | shōtotsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 衝 | 突 |

### Noun

衝突 • (chungdol) (hangeul 충돌)
* hanja form of 충돌 (“collision, crash”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 衝 | 突 |

### Verb

衝突
* chữ Hán form of xung đột (“to conflict; to clash”).