# calm
## English
### Alternative forms

* calme (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English calm, calme, from Middle French calme, probably from Old Italian calma, of uncertain origin. Calma may derive from Late Latin cauma (“heat of the midday sun”), from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma, “heat, especially of the sun”), from καίω (kaíō, “I burn”), or possibly from Latin caleō. Compare also Lombardic *chalm, *chalma (“frozenness”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kalmaz (“frozenness, cold”).
Displaced native Middle English smilte (“quiet, still, gentle”) from Old English smylte (“quiet, tranquil, calm, serene”).

### Pronunciation

* (England, Wales) IPA: /kɑːm/, [kʰɑːm]
* (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /kaːm/, [kʰɐːm]
* (US) IPA: /kɑm/, /kɑlm/, /kɔlm/, (archaic) /kæm/
** Audio (US):(file)
* (Canada) IPA: [kʰäː(ɫ)m], [kʰɒː(ɫ)m], [kʰa(ː)m]
* (Ireland, Scotland) IPA: /kam/
* (nonstandard, now chiefly dialectal) IPA: /kaɹm/
* Rhymes: -ɑːm, -ɑːlm, -ɔːlm, -ɔːm, -æm

### Adjective

calm (comparative calmer or more calm, superlative calmest or most calm)
* (of a person) Peaceful, quiet, especially free from anger and anxiety.
    Antonyms: stressed, nervous, anxious
* (of a place or situation) Free of noise and disturbance.
    Antonym: disturbed
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XI:Calm is the morn without a sound, ⁠Calm as to suit a calmer grief, ⁠And only thro’ the faded leaf The chestnut pattering to the ground: […]
* (of water) with few or no waves on the surface; not rippled.
* (of weather) Without wind or storm.
    Antonyms: windy, stormy

#### Usage notes

Although a place or environment that makes one calm is usually called calm, a thing that makes one calm (such as a film, a beverage, or someone's voice) would not be called calm; instead, it would be called calming.

#### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:calm

#### Derived terms

* becalm
* calm and collected
* calm as a cucumber
* calm as a millpond
* calm blue ocean
* calmen
* calmish
* calmly
* calmness
* calmth
* calm wind
* cool, calm and collected
* encalm
* ice-calm
* uncalm
* uncalmable

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

calm (countable and uncountable, plural calms)
* (in a person) The state of being calm; peacefulness; absence of worry, anger, fear or other strong negative emotion.
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XI:Calm on the seas, and silver sleep, ⁠And waves that sway themselves in rest, ⁠And dead calm in that noble breast Which heaves but with the heaving deep.
* (in a place or situation) The state of being calm; absence of noise and disturbance.
* A period of time without wind.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 4:39:The wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
** 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 64, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 324:It was a calm ; so, forming a tandem of three boats, we commenced the slow business of towing the trophy to the Pequod.

#### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:calmness

#### Derived terms

* calm before the storm
* calmful
* calmy
* clock calm
* dead calm
* ice-calm

#### Translations
### Verb

calm (third-person singular simple present calms, present participle calming, simple past and past participle calmed)
* (transitive) To make calm.
    to calm a crying baby
    to calm the passions
** 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:to calm the tempest raised by Aeolus
* (intransitive) To become calm.

#### Synonyms

* allay, appease, calm down, cool off, ease, pacify, quieten, soothe, subdue

#### Antonyms

* agitate
* excite

#### Derived terms

* calm down
* calm your tits
* calm your titties

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ John C. Wells (1982) Accents of English, volume 1, Cambridge University Press, § 3.1.9, page 206

### Anagrams

* ALCM, CAML, CLAM, Caml, Malc, clam

## Catalan
### Etymology

From calma, probably in imitation of French calme (adjective) and Spanish calmo.

### Adjective

calm (feminine calma, masculine plural calms, feminine plural calmes)
* calm

#### Related terms

* calma
* calmar

## Middle English
### Noun

calm
* Alternative form of calme

### Adjective

calm
* Alternative form of calme

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French calme.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

calm n (plural calmuri)
* composure (calmness of mind or matter, self-possession)

#### Related terms

* calma