# 葉

| 葉 | U+8449, &#33865; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8449 |
| ← 葈 [U+8448] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 葊 → [U+844A] |
| 葉 | U+F96E, &#63854; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F96E |
| ← 省 [U+F96D] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 說 → [U+F96F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

葉 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 12 (Japan), 13 (traditional Chinese) strokes, cangjie input 廿心廿木 (TPTD), four-corner 4490$_4$, composition ⿱艹枼)

#### Derived characters

* 僷, 𡢬, 𭜆, 𬀗, 瞸, 𮒅, 𠿚, 䭟, 䜓, 擛, 𨆡, 𢢲, 𬛚, 𰯏, 𣩨, 𣋑, 𩆏, 鐷, 㵩, 𤐌, 𣜿, 𤗽, 𡑢, 𥖢, 𠪸, 𧝵, 𩍣, 𥜈, 𨗸, 𩦭, 𫅠, 蠂, 𫊍, 𮓎

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1044, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31387
* Dae Jaweon: page 1504, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3243, character 15
* Unihan data for U+8449
* Unihan data for U+F96E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 貰 | *ɦljebs, *hljebs |
| 跇 | *l̥ʰebs, *lebs |
| 迣 | *ʔljebs |
| 世 | *hljebs |
| 泄 | *lebs, *sled |
| 枻 | *lebs |
| 詍 | *lebs |
| 靾 | *lebs |
| 袣 | *lebs |
| 抴 | *lebs, *led |
| 呭 | *lebs |
| 勩 | *lebs, *libs |
| 屜 | *l̥ʰeːbs |
| 鰈 | *l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb |
| 渫 | *zreːb, *sled |
| 煠 | *zreːb, *l̥ʰeb, *leb |
| 喋 | *rlaːb, *ʔl'eːb, *l'eːb |
| 鞢 | *rlaːb, *sleːb |
| 殜 | *l'eb, *leb, *lab |
| 葉 | *hljeb, *leb |
| 弽 | *hljeb, *hleːb |
| 韘 | *hljeb, *sleːb |
| 枼 | *leb |
| 楪 | *leb |
| 揲 | *leb, *l'eːb, *ɦljed |
| 鍱 | *leb |
| 偞 | *leb, *hleːb |
| 蝶 | *l̥ʰeːb, *l'eːb |
| 牒 | *l'eːb |
| 蹀 | *l'eːb |
| 諜 | *l'eːb |
| 堞 | *l'eːb |
| 牃 | *l'eːb |
| 褋 | *l'eːb |
| 惵 | *l'eːb |
| 碟 | *l'eːb |
| 屧 | *sleːb |
| 屟 | *sleːb |
| 紲 | *sled |
| 齛 | *sled |
| 疶 | *sled |
| 緤 | *sled |
| 媟 | *sled |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljeb, *leb): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 枼 (OC *leb, “flat”).
Possibly also ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) with 枼 (“leaf”) also acting as a semantic component.

### Etymology 1

* 葉 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 葉 (Cantonese)
* 叶 (Wu)
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-lap (“leaf”). Cognate with Tibetan ལོ་མ (lo ma, “leaf”), Western Tibetan ལོབ་མ (lob ma, “leaf”), Jingpho lap (“leaf”). Related to 世 (OC *hljebs, “world”).
This is part of the word family *lVp meaning “flat”, represented by the phonetic component 枼 (OC *leb). Compare also 茶 (OC *rlaː, “tea < *leaf”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yè (ye$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ye$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): е (i͡ə, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jip$^6$ / jip$^{6-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiap$^4$ / yiap$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): iet$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ya̍p
    (Hailu, HRS): rhab$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yab$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ieh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): cià
* Eastern Min (BUC): iĕk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iah$^7$ / ieh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ia̍p
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iab$^8$ / iag$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$yiq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ie$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yè
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yè
*** Wade–Giles: yeh$^4$
*** Yale: yè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh
*** Palladius: е (je)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (葉兒 / 叶儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yèr
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yèr
*** Wade–Giles: yeh$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: yèr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yell
*** Palladius: ер (jer)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛɻ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ye$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ie
*** Sinological IPA : /iɛ²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: е (i͡ə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /iə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jip$^6$ / jip$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: yihp / yíp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jip$^9$ / jip$^{9-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yib$^6$ / yib$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːp̚²/, /jiːp̚²⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yiap$^4$ / yiap$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiap̚²¹/, /jiap̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: iet$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /iɛt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ya̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: iab
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯ap̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ya̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iab
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯ap̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhab$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒap²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /iap̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ieh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cià
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sia⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iĕk
*** Sinological IPA : /ieʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: iah$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ia̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /iaʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ieh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /iɛʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍p
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iap
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /iap̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iab$^8$ / iag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ia̍p / ia̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /iap̚⁴/, /iak̚⁴/
* iab8 - surname (Chaozhou, Shantou);
* iag8 - surname (Chenghai).
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit葉 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iɛ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ie⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iə²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /iɛ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /i⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /iə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /iɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ie²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /iɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /iʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /iaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦiɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ji²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ie²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ia¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ie²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ie²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /iɛʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iap̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʒɑp̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jip̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jip̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jip̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iap̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ieʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sia⁴²/ /xiɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /iap̚⁵/ /hioʔ⁵/ 訓讀 |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /iap̚³/ 姓 /hio³³/ 訓箬 |
* Middle Chinese: yep
Rime :
| Character | 葉 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 葉 (155) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 與涉切 |
| Baxter | yep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jæp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiap̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jip$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l[a]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*leb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 葉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yep › |
| Old Chinese | /*l[a]p/ |
| English | leaf |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葉 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 11561 |
| Phonetic component | 世 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葉 |
| Old Chinese | /*leb/ |

#### Definitions

葉
* leaf; petal (Classifier: 塊／块 c; 片 c)
    紅葉／红叶 ― hóngyè ― red autumn leaves
* era; epoch
    十九世紀中後葉／十九世纪中后叶 ― shíjiǔ shìjì zhōng hòu yè ― middle and late 19th century
* leaf-like thing
    肺葉／肺叶 ― fèiyè ― lobe of the lung
    百葉窗／百叶窗 ― bǎiyèchuāng ― Venetian blinds
* Classifier for small boats.
    一葉扁舟／一叶扁舟 ― yī yè piānzhōu ― a tiny boat
** 1962, 鳳閣恩仇未了情:
       jat$^1$ jip$^6$ hing$^1$ zau$^1$ heoi$^3$, jan$^4$ gaak$^3$ maan$^6$ cung$^4$ saan$^1$ [Jyutping]
       You've left in a light boat, and we are separated by ten thousand mountains
** 2022, “某種老朋友 [Stranger]”, 林夕 [Albert Leung] (lyrics), 澤日生 [Christopher Chak] (music)‎performed by 林家謙 [Terence Lam]:
       nang$^4$ zaam$^6$ si$^4$ waai$^4$ nim$^6$ mau$^5$ zung$^2$ lou$^5$ pang$^4$ jau$^5$, bat$^1$ gwo$^3$ mei$^6$ nang$^4$ gung$^6$ hoeng$^2$ jat$^1$ jip$^6$ zau$^1$ [Jyutping]
       I can temporarily reminisce about some sort of old friend, but I cannot share a boat with them
* Alternative form of 頁 / 页 (“page”)
* a surname
    葉飛／叶飞 ― Yè Fēi ― Ye Fei (Chinese military general and politician of the People's Republic of China)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 葉 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 葉, 葉子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 葉子, 葉兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 葉子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 葉子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 葉兒, 葉子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 葉子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 葉子, 葉葉兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 葉子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 葉子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 葉子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 葉子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 葉子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 葉子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 葉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 葉 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 葉 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 葉 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 葉 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 葉子 |
| Gan | Jianning | 葉 |
| Gan | Taining | 箬 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 葉仔 |
| Hakka | Pinghe (Jiufeng) | 葉 |
| Hakka | Changting | 葉哩 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 葉哩 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 葉子 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 葉子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 葉 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 葉子 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 葉哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 葉仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 葉仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 葉仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 葉 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 葉仔, 葉 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 葉 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 葉子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 箬, 箬仔 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 箬 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 箬 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 箬 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang (Huangkeng) | 箬 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 箬, 箬箬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 箬 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 箬箬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 箬, 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 箬, 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 箬, 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 箬仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 箬 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 箬 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 箬 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 箬 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 箬 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 箬 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 箬 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 箬 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 箬 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 箬 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 箬 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 箬 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 箬 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 葉子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 葉子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 葉子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 葉子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 葉爿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 葉 |
| Wu | Pucheng | 箬 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 葉子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 葉子 |

##### Descendants

* → English: Ye, Yeh, Yip, Ip, Yap, Yeap
* → Tagalog: Yap

#### Compounds

* 一葉 / 一叶 (yīyè)
* 一葉知秋 / 一叶知秋 (yīyèzhīqiū)
* 一葉蘭 / 一叶兰
* 三葉松 / 三叶松
* 三葉蟲 / 三叶虫 (sānyèchóng)
* 不完全葉 / 不完全叶
* 中葉 / 中叶 (zhōngyè)
* 來葉 / 来叶
* 倡條冶葉 / 倡条冶叶
* 假葉 / 假叶
* 全緣葉 / 全缘叶
* 全裂葉 / 全裂叶
* 兩葉掩目 / 两叶掩目
* 冊葉 / 册叶 (cèyè)
* 冶葉倡條 / 冶叶倡条
* 匏有苦葉 / 匏有苦叶
* 㔩葉 / 㔩叶
* 北葉門 / 北叶门 (Běi-Yèmén)
* 千葉 / 千叶 (Qiānyè)
* 南葉門 / 南叶门 (Nán-Yèmén)
* 卷葉蛾 / 卷叶蛾 (juǎnyè'é)
* 叢生葉 / 丛生叶
* 合葉 / 合叶 (héyè)
* 大葉合歡 / 大叶合欢
* 大葉大學 / 大叶大学
* 大迦葉 / 大迦叶
* 嫩葉 / 嫩叶 (nènyè)
* 子葉 / 子叶 (zǐyè)
* 孢子葉 / 孢子叶
* 完全葉 / 完全叶
* 小葉 / 小叶
* 尖裂葉 / 尖裂叶
* 布葉 / 布叶
* 平行葉脈 / 平行叶脉
* 彩葉芋 / 彩叶芋
* 彩葉草 / 彩叶草
* 後葉 / 后叶 (hòuyè)
* 御溝流葉 / 御沟流叶
* 御溝題葉 / 御沟题叶
* 扇葉蒲葵 / 扇叶蒲葵
* 托葉 / 托叶
* 拈花摘葉 / 拈花摘叶
* 披針形葉 / 披针形叶
* 掌狀複葉 / 掌状复叶
* 敗葉 / 败叶 (bàiyè)
* 新葉 / 新叶 (Xīnyè)
* 有枝有葉 / 有枝有叶
* 有枝添葉 / 有枝添叶
* 木葉 / 木叶 (mùyè)
* 末葉 / 末叶 (mòyè)
* 枝繁葉茂 / 枝繁叶茂 (zhīfányèmào)
* 枝葉 / 枝叶 (zhīyè)
* 枝葉扶疏 / 枝叶扶疏
* 松葉牡丹 / 松叶牡丹
* 松葉蕨 / 松叶蕨
* 柔枝嫩葉 / 柔枝嫩叶
* 柳葉 / 柳叶
* 柳葉兒 / 柳叶儿
* 柳葉刀 / 柳叶刀 (liǔyèdāo)
* 柳葉描 / 柳叶描
* 柳葉眉 / 柳叶眉
* 枯葉蝶 / 枯叶蝶
* 根壯葉茂 / 根壮叶茂
* 根深葉茂 / 根深叶茂
* 桃葉歌 / 桃叶歌
* 桃葉渡 / 桃叶渡
* 桃葉珊瑚 / 桃叶珊瑚
* 楮葉 / 楮叶
* 榆葉梅 / 榆叶梅
* 楊葉竄兒 / 杨叶窜儿
* 樹葉 / 树叶 (shùyè)
* 正枝正葉 / 正枝正叶
* 添枝加葉 / 添枝加叶
* 添枝接葉 / 添枝接叶
* 牽籐帶葉 / 牵藤带叶
* 狂花病葉 / 狂花病叶
* 玉葉金枝 / 玉叶金枝
* 玉葉金柯 / 玉叶金柯
* 玉葉金花 / 玉叶金花
* 瓊枝玉葉 / 琼枝玉叶
* 瓠葉 / 瓠叶
* 甘薯葉 / 甘薯叶
* 異形葉 / 异形叶
* 百葉 / 百叶 (bǎiyè)
* 百葉捲 / 百叶卷
* 百葉窗 / 百叶窗 (bǎiyèchuāng)
* 百葉窗簾 / 百叶窗帘
* 百葉箱 / 百叶箱 (bǎiyèxiāng)
* 萬葉 / 万叶 (wànyè)
* 秋風落葉 / 秋风落叶
* 窮根尋葉 / 穷根寻叶
* 竹葉 / 竹叶 (zhúyè)
* 竹葉青 / 竹叶青 (zhúyèqīng)
* 竹葉鰱 / 竹叶鲢 (zhúyèlián)
* 粗枝大葉 / 粗枝大叶 (cūzhīdàyè)
* 粽粑葉 / 粽粑叶
* 糙葉樹 / 糙叶树
* 紅花綠葉 / 红花绿叶
* 紅葉 / 红叶 (hóngyè)
* 紅葉之題 / 红叶之题
* 紅葉題詩 / 红叶题诗
* 細葉山茶 / 细叶山茶
* 綠葉 / 绿叶 (lǜyè)
* 綠葉成陰 / 绿叶成阴
* 羽狀複葉 / 羽状复叶
* 肺葉 / 肺叶 (fèiyè)
* 胡支扯葉 / 胡支扯叶
* 胚葉 / 胚叶
* 舌葉 / 舌叶 (shéyè)
* 舌葉音 / 舌叶音 (shéyèyīn)
* 苞葉 / 苞叶 (bāoyè)
* 茶葉 / 茶叶 (cháyè)
* 茶葉末 / 茶叶末
* 茶葉蛋 / 茶叶蛋 (cháyèdàn)
* 草葉集 / 草叶集
* 茶葉鹼 / 茶叶碱
* 茱麗葉 / 茱丽叶
* 荷葉先師 / 荷叶先师
* 荷葉肉 / 荷叶肉
* 莫辨楮葉 / 莫辨楮叶
* 菸葉 / 烟叶 (yānyè)
* 葉下珠 / 叶下珠 (yèxiàzhū)
* 葉亦克 / 叶亦克 (Yèyìkè)
* 葉兒 / 叶儿 (yèr)
* 葉公好龍 / 叶公好龙
* 葉原 / 叶原
* 葉城 / 叶城 (Yèchéng)
* 葉塊繁殖 / 叶块繁殖
* 葉子 / 叶子 (yèzi)
* 葉子戲 / 叶子戏
* 葉子格 / 叶子格
* 葉子菸 / 叶子烟
* 葉尖 / 叶尖
* 葉尼塞河 / 叶尼塞河
* 葉序 / 叶序
* 葉形 / 叶形
* 葉拱 / 叶拱
* 葉斑病 / 叶斑病
* 葉枝 / 叶枝
* 葉柄 / 叶柄 (yèbǐng)
* 葉爾羌 / 叶尔羌 (Yè'ěrqiāng)
* 葉爾羌河 / 叶尔羌河 (Yè'ěrqiāng Hé)
* 葉片 / 叶片 (yèpiàn)
* 葉狀植物 / 叶状植物
* 葉狀體 / 叶状体
* 葉甜菜 / 叶甜菜 (yètiáncài)
* 葉紅素 / 叶红素
* 葉綠素 / 叶绿素 (yèlǜsù)
* 葉綠體 / 叶绿体 (yèlǜtǐ)
* 葉緣 / 叶缘
* 葉縣 / 叶县
* 葉肉 / 叶肉 (yèròu)
* 葉肥 / 叶肥
* 葉脈 / 叶脉 (yèmài)
* 葉舌 / 叶舌
* 葉芽 / 叶芽 (yèyá)
* 葉菜類 / 叶菜类
* 落葉 / 落叶 (luòyè)
* 落葉林 / 落叶林
* 落葉松 / 落叶松 (luòyèsōng)
* 落葉果樹 / 落叶果树
* 落葉樹 / 落叶树 (luòyèshù)
* 落葉歸根 / 落叶归根 (luòyèguīgēn)
* 葉落歸根 / 叶落归根 (yèluòguīgēn)
* 葉落歸秋 / 叶落归秋
* 落葉知秋 / 落叶知秋
* 葉落知秋 / 叶落知秋
* 葉落糞本 / 叶落粪本
* 葉蜂 / 叶蜂 (yèfēng)
* 葉蟬 / 叶蝉
* 葉蠟石 / 叶蜡石
* 葉語 / 叶语
* 葉赤鐵路 / 叶赤铁路
* 葉跡 / 叶迹
* 葉軸 / 叶轴
* 葉輪 / 叶轮 (yèlún)
* 葉酸 / 叶酸 (yèsuān)
* 葉鏽病 / 叶锈病
* 葉門 / 叶门 (Yèmén)
* 葉面對稱 / 叶面对称
* 葉面施肥 / 叶面施肥
* 葉鞘 / 叶鞘 (yèqiào)
* 葉黃素 / 叶黄素 (yèhuángsù)
* 葉齡 / 叶龄
* 蔞葉 / 蒌叶 (lóuyè)
* 蓮葉 / 莲叶 (liányè)
* 蕉葉 / 蕉叶 (jiāoyè)
* 蘋葉 / 𬞟叶
* 蘭葉描 / 兰叶描
* 蘭葉撇 / 兰叶撇
* 裸葉 / 裸叶
* 複葉 / 复叶 (fùyè)
* 觀葉植物 / 观叶植物
* 詞無枝葉 / 词无枝叶
* 貝葉 / 贝叶 (bèiyè)
* 貝葉書 / 贝叶书 (bèiyèshū)
* 貝葉樹 / 贝叶树 (bèiyèshù)
* 車葉草 / 车叶草
* 輪生葉 / 轮生叶
* 迦葉 / 迦叶 (Jiāshè)
* 迦葉尊者 / 迦叶尊者
* 連枝分葉 / 连枝分叶
* 連枝帶葉 / 连枝带叶
* 金枝玉葉 / 金枝玉叶 (jīnzhīyùyè)
* 金葉 / 金叶
* 針形葉 / 针形叶
* 針葉林 / 针叶林 (zhēnyèlín)
* 針葉樹 / 针叶树 (zhēnyèshù)
* 銅葉 / 铜叶
* 鐵葉 / 铁叶
* 闊葉樹 / 阔叶树
* 顱頂葉 / 颅顶叶
* 驚閨葉 / 惊闺叶
* 鬥葉兒 / 斗叶儿
* 鬥葉子 / 斗叶子 (dòuyèzi)
* 鰓葉 / 鳃叶
* 麻葉皮 / 麻叶皮
* 黛粉葉 / 黛粉叶

### Etymology 2

* 葉姓 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 葉氏 (Cantonese)
* 葉姓 (Gan)
* Ia̍p (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yè, shè (ye$^4$, she$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ, ㄕㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sip$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Siap
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yè
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yè
*** Wade–Giles: yeh$^4$
*** Yale: yè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh
*** Palladius: е (je)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant in Mainland, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shè
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$
*** Yale: shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sip$^3$
*** Yale: sip
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sip$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xib$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːp̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siap
*** Tâi-lô: Siap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siab
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siap̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: syep
Rime :
| Character | 葉 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 葉 (155) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 書涉切 |
| Baxter | syep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjæp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiap̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sip$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljeb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葉 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 11557 |
| Phonetic component | 世 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 攝 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljeb/ |

#### Definitions

葉
* (～縣) Ye County, Henan, China
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 摩訶迦葉 / 摩诃迦叶
* 葉公好龍 / 叶公好龙

### Etymology 3

* hio̍h (Southern Min)

#### Pronunciation

* Northern Min (KCR): niò̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): niŏh
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hio̍h
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hiêh$^8$ / hioh$^8$
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: niò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /niɔ⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: niŏh
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡuoʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: hio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hioih
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hioʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hioʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɤʔ⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hiêh$^8$ / hioh$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hie̍h / hio̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /hieʔ⁴/, /hioʔ⁴/
* hiêh8 - Chaozhou;
* hioh8 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit葉 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iɛ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ie⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iə²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /iɛ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /i⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /iə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /iɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ie²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /iɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /iʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /iaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦiɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ji²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ie²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ia¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ie²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ie²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /iɛʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iap̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʒɑp̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jip̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jip̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jip̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iap̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ieʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sia⁴²/ /xiɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /iap̚⁵/ /hioʔ⁵/ 訓讀 |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /iap̚³/ 姓 /hio³³/ 訓箬 |

#### Definitions

葉
* (Min) Alternative form of 箬 (“leaf”)

### References

* “葉”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)、よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)、よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kun: は (ha, 葉, Jōyō)
* Nanori: よ (yo)、わ (wa)

#### Compounds

* 千(ち)葉(ば) (Chiba)
* 嫩(どん)葉(よう) (don'yō): young leaves
* 葉(は)月(づき) (hazuki)
* 葉(は)山(やま) (Hayama)
* 葉(よう)鞘(しょう) (yōshō): leaf sheath
* 葉(よう)肉(にく) (yōniku): mesophyll
* 葉(よう)柄(へい) (yōhei): petiole, leaf stalk
* 葉(よう)片(へん) (yōhen): lamina (flat part of a leaf)
* 葉(よう)脈(みゃく) (yōmyaku): leaf veins
* 葉(よう)緑(りょく)素(そ) (yōryokuso): chlorophyll
* 葉(よう)緑(りょく)体(たい) (yōryokutai): chloroplast
* 和(かず)葉(は) (Kazuha)
* 一(かず)葉(は) (Kazuha)
* 円(かず)葉(は) (Kazuha)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 葉
* は Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
/pa/ → /ɸa/ → /ha/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pa.
Probably cognate with Old Japanese verb 生ゆ (hayu, “to sprout, to grow”) → modern 生える (haeru), and with 羽 (ha, “feather; wing”).
Suggested in some sources as possibly cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”) from the way that both sprout and then later fall, and with 刃 (ha, “blade”) from similarities in shape (cf. English blade). However, the pitch accent patterns are different; 葉 and 羽 are both unaccented, while 歯 and 刃 are both accented. This may reflect two disparate *pa roots in the ancient language.
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE with the phonetic spelling 波.
Cognate with Okinawan 葉 (fā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) は [hà] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠]

#### Noun

葉(は) • (ha) (counter 枚)
* leaf, needle, blade (of a plant)

##### Synonyms

* 葉(は)っぱ (happa)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 葉
* よう Grade: 3
* on'yomi
/epu/ → /efu/ → /eu/ → /joː/
From Middle Chinese 葉 (MC yep, “leaf”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よー [yóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [jo̞ː]

#### Noun

葉(よう) • (yō)
* leaf, needle, blade (of a plant)
* a season, an age: a shorter period of time within a longer one
* an administration: the period of time during which a certain person holds a certain office

#### Counter

葉(よう) • (-yō)
* (rare) counter for flat, thin things such as leaves or paper
* (by extension) counter for small boats

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ “葉／は”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2025.
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 葉 (MC yep).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 엽〮 (Yale: yép) | 엽〮 (Yale: yép) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 닙〮 (Yale: níp) | 엽 (Yale: yep) |

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹p̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [엽]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 葉 (eumhun 잎 엽 (ip yeop))
* hanja form of 엽 (“leaf”) [affix]

##### Compounds

* 말엽 (末葉, maryeop)
* 자엽 (子葉, jayeop)
* 만엽 (萬葉, manyeop)
* 중엽 (中葉, jung'yeop)
* 엽산 (葉酸, yeopsan)
* 지엽 (枝葉, jiyeop)
* 폐엽 (肺葉, pyeyeop)
* 고엽 (枯葉, goyeop)
* 엽산 (葉酸, yeopsan)
* 엽서 (葉書, yeopseo)
* 엽전 (葉錢, yeopjeon)
* 태엽 (胎葉, taeyeop)
* 낙엽 (落葉, nagyeop)
* 복엽 (複葉, bogyeop)
* 복엽기 (複葉機, bogyeopgi)
* 엽록소 (葉綠素, yeomnokso)
* 엽록체 (葉綠體, yeomnokche)
* 전두엽 (前頭葉, jeonduyeop)
* 후두엽 (後頭葉, huduyeop)
* 측두엽 (側頭葉, cheukduyeop)
* 침엽수 (針葉樹, chimyeopsu)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 葉 (MC syep).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 셥〮 (Yale: syép) | 셥〮 (Yale: syép) |

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰʌ̹p̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [섭]

#### Hanja

葉 (eumhun 땅 이름 섭 (ttang ireum seop))
* hanja form of 섭 (“A surname.”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ぱー (pā, 葉)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰaː/

### Noun

葉(ぱー) (pā)
* leaf

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ぱー (pā, 葉)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paː/

### Noun

葉(ぱー) (pā)
* leaf

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ふぁー (fā, 葉)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa. Cognate with mainland Japanese 葉 (ha).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɸaː/

### Noun

葉(ふぁー) (fā)
* leaf
    クロトンぬ葉(ふぁー)や色(いる)清(じゅ)らさぬ、いくちん集(あち)みてぃ植(っゐー)らっとーん。
       Kuroton-nu fā-ya iru jurasanu, ikuchin achimiti 'wīrattōn.
       (please add an English translation of this example)

#### Compounds

* 言(くとぅ)葉(ば) (kutuba)
* 島(しま)言(くとぅ)葉(ば) (shimakutuba)

### References

* “ふぁー【葉】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

葉: Hán Nôm readings: diệp, diếp, dợp, dớp, đẹp, giấp, giẹp, nhịp, riếp, dào

### Noun

葉
* chữ Hán form of diếp (“lettuce”).
* chữ Hán form of diệp (“(only in compounds) a leaf”).

## Yaeyama
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ぱー (pā, 葉)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paː/

### Noun

葉(ぱー) (pā)
* leaf

## Yonaguni
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: はー (hā, 葉)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haː/

### Noun

葉(はー) (hā)
* leaf