# 窪

| 窪 | U+7AAA, &#31402; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AAA |
| ← 窩 [U+7AA9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 窫 → [U+7AAB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

窪 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十金水土土 (JCEGG), four-corner 3011$_4$, composition ⿱穴洼)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 866, character 61
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25580
* Dae Jaweon: page 1295, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2736, character 4
* Unihan data for U+7AAA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 街 | *kreː, *kreː |
| 鞋 | *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː |
| 娾 | *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ |
| 佳 | *kreː |
| 鮭 | *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 涯 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 崖 | *ŋreː, *ŋre |
| 啀 | *ŋreː |
| 厓 | *ŋreː |
| 捱 | *ŋreː |
| 睚 | *ŋreːs |
| 娃 | *qreː |
| 洼 | *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː |
| 哇 | *qreː, *qʷraː |
| 胿 | *ɡeː, *kʷeː |
| 溎 | *qeːns |
| 觟 | *ɡʷraːʔ |
| 黊 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː |
| 蘳 | *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe |
| 蛙 | *qʷraː, *qʷreː |
| 窪 | *qʷraː |
| 卦 | *kʷreːs |
| 挂 | *kʷreːs |
| 掛 | *kʷreːs |
| 詿 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs |
| 罣 | *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs |
| 絓 | *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs |
| 鼃 | *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː |
| 圭 | *kʷeː |
| 珪 | *kʷeː |
| 邽 | *kʷeː |
| 閨 | *kʷeː |
| 袿 | *kʷeː |
| 窐 | *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː |
| 茥 | *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː |
| 桂 | *kʷeːs |
| 筀 | *kʷeːs |
| 奎 | *kʰʷeː |
| 刲 | *kʰʷeː |
| 蝰 | *kʰʷeː |
| 楏 | *kʰʷeː |
| 睳 | *qʰʷeː |
| 畦 | *ɡʷeː |
| 眭 | *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi |
| 烓 | *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 跬 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 恚 | *qʷes |
| 硅 | *qʰʷreɡ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wā (wa$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waa$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): oa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wā
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wa
*** Wade–Giles: wa$^1$
*** Yale: wā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ua
*** Palladius: ва (va)
*** Sinological IPA : /wä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waa$^1$
*** Yale: wā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wa$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /waː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oa
*** Tâi-lô: ua
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oaf
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ua⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ua³³/
* Middle Chinese: 'wae
Rime :
| Character | 窪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (99) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 烏瓜切 |
| Baxter | 'wae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠua/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷᵚa/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔua/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔwaɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔua/ |
| Wang Li | /wa/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔwa/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wā |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | waa$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʷraː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 窪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4555 |
| Phonetic component | 圭 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 窊 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷraː/ |

#### Definitions

窪
* hollow; low-lying; sunken
* depression; low-lying area
* to sink

#### Compounds

* 低窪 / 低洼 (dīwā)
* 坑坑窪窪 / 坑坑洼洼 (kēngkengwāwā)
* 大窪 / 大洼 (Dàwā)
* 楊樹窪 / 杨树洼 (Yángshùwā)
* 窪地 / 洼地 (wādì)
* 窪然 / 洼然
* 羅窪 / 罗洼 (Luówā)
* 鼻窪子 / 鼻洼子

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): òa
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òa
*** Tâi-lô: uà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oax
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ua⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ua²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ua¹¹/

#### Definitions

窪 (Hokkien)
* Alternative form of 化 (òa, “to ferment; to soak”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* depression
* cave in
* sink
* become hollow

#### Readings

* Go-on: え (e)
* Kan-on: わ (wa)
* On: あ (a)
* Kun: くぼ (kubo, 窪)、くぼむ (kubomu, 窪む)

## Korean
### Hanja

窪 (eum 와 (wa))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* 洼 (oa)

### Han character

窪: Hán Việt readings: oa (烏(ô)瓜(qua)切(thiết))
* chữ Hán form of oa (“hollow; pit; depression; swamp”).

### References

* 1 2 Trần (2004).