# 場合
## Chinese
### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 場(ば)合(あい) (bāi) (Chen, 2019, Huang, 2020).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chǎnghé, chánghé
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˇ ㄏㄜˊ, ㄔㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng$^4$ hap$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòng-ha̍p
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tiûⁿ-ha̍p / tiôⁿ-ha̍p
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zaon-gheq$_8$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhan$^2$ ho$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chǎnghé
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˇ ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chǎnghé
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^3$-ho$^2$
*** Yale: chǎng-hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaangher
*** Palladius: чанхэ (čanxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chánghé
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chánghé
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^2$-ho$^2$
*** Yale: cháng-hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngher
*** Palladius: чанхэ (čanxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$場合 / 场合 長河 / 长河
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coeng$^4$ hap$^6$
*** Yale: chèuhng hahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng$^4$ hap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêng$^4$ heb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ hɐp̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng-ha̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong$^ˇ$ hab
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cong$^2$ hab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ hap̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiûⁿ-ha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tiûnn-ha̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dviu'hap
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiũ²⁴⁻¹¹ hap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiũ²³⁻³³ hap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiũ²⁴⁻²² hap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiũ²⁴⁻²² hap̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiôⁿ-ha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tiônn-ha̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dvioi'hap
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔ̃¹³⁻²² hap̚¹²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zaon-gheq$_8$
*** MiniDict: zaon$^去$ gheh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zaan-hheq$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zɑ̃²² ɦəʔ⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: zhan$^2$ ho$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂan¹³ xo¹³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡san¹³ xo¹³/

### Noun

場合
* occasion; situation; setting; place
    正式場合／正式场合 ― zhèngshì chǎnghé ― formal setting
       Zhè ge wèntí yǐhòu zài gōngkāi chǎnghé jiù bié zài tí le. [Pinyin]
       Don't mention this issue in public in the future.

#### Derived terms

* 公開場合 / 公开场合

#### Related terms

* 場所／场所 (chǎngsuǒ)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 場 | 合 |
| ば Grade: 2 | あい Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ばあい [bàáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ba̠a̠i]
* Sometimes pronounced as ばわい bawai instead of usual ばあい baai, analyzed as epenthesis.

### Noun

場(ば)合(あい) • (baai)
* if, when
    店(みせ)の中(なか)で食(た)べたり飲(の)んだりする場(ば)合(あい)は消(しょう)費(ひ)税(ぜい)が 10(じゅう)％になります。
       Mise no naka de tabetari nondari suru baai wa shōhizei ga jū pāsento ni narimasu.
       When eating or drinking in the store, the consumption tax will be 10%.
* case, occasion, circumstances, situation
** 1917, 芥川龍之介, 偸盗:
    あるいは場(ば)合(あい)によっては、殺(ころ)されてもいい。
       Arui wa baai ni yotte wa, korosarete mo ii.
       In some circumstances, it's not bad to be killed.
** 1916, 河上肇, 貧乏物語:
    ドイツの場(ば)合(あい)が特(とく)にそうである。
       Doitsu no baai ga toku ni sō de aru.
       It's particularly the case with Germany.

#### Synonyms

* (case): 時(とき) (toki), 時(じ)機(き) (jiki)
* (circumstances): 事(じ)情(じょう) (jijō), 境(きょう)遇(ぐう) (kyōgū)

#### Descendants

* → Chinese: 場合 / 场合 (chǎnghé)
* → Vietnamese: trường hợp

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 場 | 合 |

### Noun

場合
* chữ Hán form of trường hợp (“occasion; case”).