# fox
## Translingual
### Symbol

fox
* (international standards) ISO 639-5 language code for Formosan languages.

## English
### Etymology

From Middle English fox, from Old English fox (“fox”), from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz (“fox”), from Proto-Indo-European *púḱsos (“the tailed one”), possibly from *puḱ- (“tail”).
Cognate with Scots fox (“fox”), West Frisian foks (“fox”), North Frisian foos, fos, Dutch vos (“fox”), Low German vos (“fox”), German Fuchs (“fox”), Icelandic fóa (“fox”), Tocharian B päkā (“tail, chowrie”), Russian пух (pux, “down, fluff”), Sanskrit पुच्छ (púccha) (whence Torwali پوش (pūš, “fox”), Hindi पूंछ (pūñch, “tail”)).
In the philosophical sense, from the 1953 essay The Hedgehog and the Fox by Irving Berlin.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fɒks/
* (General American) IPA: /fɑks/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒks

### Noun

fox (plural foxes or (nonstandard, dialectal) foxen)
* A red fox, small carnivore (Vulpes vulpes), related to dogs and wolves, with red or silver fur and a bushy tail.
    Hypernym: canid
    Hyponyms: tod (“male fox”), vixen (“female fox”), kit (“young fox”)
    The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
** 15th century, The Fox, verse 1:
    The fox went out on a chase one night, / he prayed to the Moon to give him light, / for he had many a mile to go that night / before he reached the town-o, town-o, town-o. / He had many a mile to go that night / before he reached the town-o.
** 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], “The First Gun”, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 1:They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
** 1987, Gene Wolfe, chapter XXVIII, in The Urth of the New Sun, 1st US edition, New York: Tor Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 164:It was earliest morning, when even small trees cast long shadows and scarlet foxes trot denward through the dew like flecks of fire.
* Any of numerous species of small wild canids resembling the red fox. In the taxonomy they form the tribe Vulpini within the family Canidae, consisting of nine genera.
* The fur of a fox.
* A fox terrier.
* The gemmeous dragonet, a fish, Callionymus lyra, so called from its yellow color.
* (figurative) A cunning person.
** 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros‎, London: Jonathan Cape, page 24:As for thee, false friend, subtle fox, unfaithful servant, this long time am I grown weary of thee slinking up and down my palace devising darkly things I know not: thou, that art nought akin to Witchland, but an outlander, a Goblin exile, a serpent warmed in my bosom to my hurt.
* (slang, figurative) A physically attractive person, typically a woman.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:beautiful person, Thesaurus:beautiful man, Thesaurus:beautiful woman
** 1993, Laura Antoniou, The Marketplace, page 90:And Jerry was cute, you know, I liked him, but Frank was a total fox. And he was rougher than Jerry, you know, not so cultured.
** 2012, Adele Parks, Still Thinking of You:It wasn't just that Jayne was a fox – although, fuck, was she ever a fox. That arse, those tits, those lips. They could have a really good time together.
* (slang, figurative) A person with reddish brown hair, typically a woman.
* (nautical) A small strand of rope made by twisting several rope-yarns together. Used for seizings, mats, sennits, and gaskets.
* (mechanics) A wedge driven into the split end of a bolt to tighten it.
* A hidden radio transmitter, finding which is the goal of radiosport.
** 2006, H. Ward Silver, The ARRL Ham Radio License Manual:Locating a hidden transmitter (the fox) has been a popular ham activity for many years.
* (cartomancy) The fourteenth Lenormand card.
* (obsolete) A sword; so called from the stamp of a fox on the blade, or perhaps of a wolf taken for a fox.
** 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:Thou diest on point of fox.
* (military, aviation) Air-to-air weapon launched.
** 2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: The Ark:Got a lock! Fox, Fox!
* (chiefly philosophy) Someone who fuses many different influences and concepts in their philosophy or worldview.
    Antonym: hedgehog
** 1970, The Month:Austin was patiently and painstakingly concerned with truth within limitations. He was a hedgehog, not a fox.
** 1992, J. E. Tiles, Jim E. Tiles, John Dewey, Psychology Press, →ISBN, page 220:Dewey was a hedgehog rather than a fox; he spent his life trying to articulate and restate a single vision, and in the writings of his third decade he already exhibits the tension I have claimed to find in the later writings.

#### Derived terms

* Abyssinian fox
* Afghan fox
* African sand fox
* Anadyr fox
* Andean fox
* antifox
* Arctic fox
* Azara's fox
* Baluchistan fox
* bastard fox
* bat-eared fox
* Bengal fox
* black fox
* Blanford's fox
* blue fox
* brant-fox
* California Channel Island fox
* cama fox
* Cape fox
* Channel Island fox
* Chiloe fox
* coast fox
* Colfax
* corsac fox
* crab-eating fox
* cross fox
* curtailed fox
* Cypriot fox
* Darwin's fox
* Delalande's fox
* desert fox
* desert kit fox
* dog fox
* dog-fox
* Ezo red fox
* Falkland fox
* fennec fox
* firefox
* Firefox
* flying fox
* folf
* Fox
* foxaline
* fox and geese
* fox bat
* fox-bat
* foxberry
* fox bolt
* fox caller
* foxcore
* fox cub
* fox dog
* foxery
* foxess
* fox evil
* fox eye
* foxface
* foxfire, fox fire, fox-fire
* foxfish
* fox fur
* fox-glove
* foxglove
* fox grape
* fox hole
* foxhole
* foxhood
* foxhound
* foxhunt
* fox hunt
* fox-hunter
* foxhunter
* fox hunting
* foxie
* foxish
* Fox Islands
* foxless
* foxlet
* foxlike
* foxling
* foxly
* fox maggot
* fox mark
* fox message
* fox moth
* fox plum
* foxproof
* Fox River
* fox sedge
* fox's foot
* fox shark
* foxship
* foxshit
* foxskin
* fox sleep, fox's sleep
* fox snake, foxsnake
* fox sparrow
* fox squirrel
* fox's socks
* Fox Street
* foxtail
* fox terrier
* fox tossing
* Foxtrap
* fox trot
* fox-trot, fox trot, foxtrot
* fox wedge
* fox whistle
* foxy
* gray fox, grey fox
* hoary fox
* Indian fox
* insular gray fox, insular grey fox
* island fox
* island gray fox, island grey fox
* king fox
* kit fox
* long-eared fox
* maned fox
* marble fox
* Nile fox
* outfox
* pale fox
* pallid fox
* pampas fox
* Patagonian fox
* Patagonian gray fox, Patagonian grey fox
* Peruvian desert fox
* platinum fox
* polar fox
* Pribilof fox
* red fox
* royal fox
* Rüppell's fox
* Rüppell's sand fox
* Samson fox
* sand fox
* sea fox
* Sechura desert fox
* Sechura fox
* Sechuran fox
* she-fox
* short-eared fox
* short-tailed fox
* silver-backed fox
* silver fox
* Simien fox
* sly fox
* smell fox
* smooth fox terrier
* snow fox
* soft fox sedge
* South American gray fox, South American grey fox
* Spanish fox
* steppe fox
* stone-cold fox
* superfox
* swift fox
* Teumessian fox
* Tibetan fox
* Tibetan sand fox
* tree fox
* werefox
* white-footed fox
* white fox
* wire fox terrier
* wood fox
* as crazy as a fox
* crazy as a fox
* crazy like a fox
* dumb like a fox
* fox-drunk
* fox guarding the henhouse
* fox in the box
* fox in the henhouse
* fresh fucked fox in a forest fire
* sly as a fox
* smell a fox
* the fox may grow grey but never good
* the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

#### Descendants

* → Cheyenne: vóhkéso
* → Japanese: フォックス (fokkusu)
* → Maori: pōkiha

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* canids: coyote · dog · fox · jackal · wolf
* Reynard
* kitsune
* cub

#### References

* ↑ “BREVITY Multiservice Brevity Codes”, in discover.dtic.mil‎, Defense Technical Information Center, 2002 February 1, archived from the original on 17 November 2015

### Verb

fox (third-person singular simple present foxes, present participle foxing, simple past and past participle foxed)
* (transitive) To trick, fool or outwit (someone) by cunning or ingenuity.
* (transitive) To confuse or baffle (someone).
    This crossword puzzle has completely foxed me.
* (intransitive) To act slyly or craftily.
* (intransitive) To discolour paper. Fox marks are spots on paper caused by humidity. (See foxing.)
    The pages of the book show distinct foxing.
* (transitive) To make sour, as beer, by causing it to ferment.
* (intransitive) To turn sour; said of beer, etc., when it sours in fermenting.
* (transitive) To intoxicate; to stupefy with drink.
** 1661 October 9 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys, Mynors Bright, transcriber, “September 29th, 1661 (Lord’s Day)”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume II, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893, →OCLC:I drank […] so much wine that I was almost foxed.
* (transitive) To repair (boots) with new front upper leather, or to piece the upper fronts of.

#### Derived terms

* foxed
* foxing
* outfox
* outfoxed

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Fox in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
* Fox in the 1921 edition of Collier's Encyclopedia.

### Anagrams

* Oxf.

## Latin
### Etymology

Early monophthongized variant of faux.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈfoːks/, [ˈfoːks̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfoks/, [ˈfɔks]

### Noun

fōx f (genitive fōcis); third declension
* Alternative form of faux (“throat, gorge”)

#### Inflection

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* effōcō
* fōcāle
* offōcō
* perfōcō
* praefōcō
* suffōcō

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: foche, foghe (Logudorese), foxi (Campidanese)
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: foce
** Sicilian: fuci
** Venetan: fuoza
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: fôs
* Gallo-Italic
** Lombard: fos
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: fou
** Occitan: foz
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: foz
** Asturian: foz
** Old Galician-Portuguese: foz
*** Galician: foz
*** Portuguese: foz
** Old Spanish: foç, ⇒ fozino
*** Spanish: hoz, ⇒ hocino

### References

* Adams, J. N. (2013) Social Variation and the Latin Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 81
* Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “faux”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 242

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* vox, wox

### Etymology

From Old English fox, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɔks/
* Rhymes: -ɔks

### Noun

fox (plural foxes or fox)
* A fox or its fur.
* A liar or schemer.

#### Descendants

* English: fox
* Scots: fox
* Yola: voxe, vox

#### References

* “fox, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz. Cognate with Old Frisian *foks, Old Saxon fohs, Old Dutch fus, Old High German fuhs.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /foks/

### Noun

fox m
* fox
** late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints, quoting Matthew 8:20
    Foxas habbaþ holu and fugelas habbaþ nest, and iċ næbbe wununge hwider iċ mīn heafod ahyldan mæġe.Foxes have holes and birds have nests, but I have no dwelling where I can rest my head.

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* foxhol
* fyxen

#### Descendants

* Middle English: fox, vox, wox
** English: fox
** Scots: fox
** Yola: voxe, vox

## Old French
### Alternative forms

* fols, fous

### Adjective

fox
* nominative and oblique masculine singular of fol

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French fox.

### Noun

fox m (plural focși)
* fox terrier