# kura
## Bambara
### Adjective

kura
* new

### References

* Richard Nci Diarra, Lexique bambara-français-anglais, December 13, 2010

## Basque
### Noun

kura
* allative singular of ku

## Czech
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech kura, kúra, from Proto-Slavic *kura.

#### Alternative forms

* koura (dialectal)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkura]

#### Noun

kura f
* (archaic) hen

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

kura m
* genitive/accusative singular of kur

### Further reading

* “kura”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kura”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Fijian
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *gurat.

### Noun

kura
* noni

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kura (“dirt, mud”) (compare Estonian kura), possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gurą or alternatively from Proto-Uralic *kura (“dirt, mud”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -urɑ
* Hyphenation: ku‧ra

### Noun

kura
* mud, dirt
* (informal) garbage, trash, rubbish, something worthless (especially in the partitive singular)
    Tuohan on täyttä kuraa.But that thing is complete garbage.
* (slang) wet, unhardened concrete
* (colloquial) diarrhea
    Hänellä on vatsa kuralla.She has diarrhea.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of kura (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kurani
kurani
accusative
nom.
kurani
kurani
gen.
kurani
genitive
kurani
kurieni kuraini $^{rare}$
partitive
kuraani
kuriani
inessive
kurassani
kurissani
elative
kurastani
kuristani
illative
kuraani
kuriini
adessive
kurallani
kurillani
ablative
kuraltani
kuriltani
allative
kuralleni
kurilleni
essive
kuranani
kurinani
translative
kurakseni
kurikseni
abessive
kurattani
kurittani
instructive
comitative
—kurineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kurasi
kurasi
accusative
nom.
kurasi
kurasi
gen.
kurasi
genitive
kurasi
kuriesi kuraisi $^{rare}$
partitive
kuraasi
kuriasi
inessive
kurassasi
kurissasi
elative
kurastasi
kuristasi
illative
kuraasi
kuriisi
adessive
kurallasi
kurillasi
ablative
kuraltasi
kuriltasi
allative
kurallesi
kurillesi
essive
kuranasi
kurinasi
translative
kuraksesi
kuriksesi
abessive
kurattasi
kurittasi
instructive
comitative
—kurinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kuramme
kuramme
accusative
nom.
kuramme
kuramme
gen.
kuramme
genitive
kuramme
kuriemme kuraimme $^{rare}$
partitive
kuraamme
kuriamme
inessive
kurassamme
kurissamme
elative
kurastamme
kuristamme
illative
kuraamme
kuriimme
adessive
kurallamme
kurillamme
ablative
kuraltamme
kuriltamme
allative
kurallemme
kurillemme
essive
kuranamme
kurinamme
translative
kuraksemme
kuriksemme
abessive
kurattamme
kurittamme
instructive
comitative
—kurinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kuranne
kuranne
accusative
nom.
kuranne
kuranne
gen.
kuranne
genitive
kuranne
kurienne kurainne $^{rare}$
partitive
kuraanne
kurianne
inessive
kurassanne
kurissanne
elative
kurastanne
kuristanne
illative
kuraanne
kuriinne
adessive
kurallanne
kurillanne
ablative
kuraltanne
kuriltanne
allative
kurallenne
kurillenne
essive
kurananne
kurinanne
translative
kuraksenne
kuriksenne
abessive
kurattanne
kurittanne
instructive
comitative
—kurinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kuransa
kuransa
accusative
nom.
kuransa
kuransa
gen.
kuransa
genitive
kuransa
kuriensa kurainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
kuraansa
kuriaan kuriansa
inessive
kurassaan kurassansa
kurissaan kurissansa
elative
kurastaan kurastansa
kuristaan kuristansa
illative
kuraansa
kuriinsa
adessive
kurallaan kurallansa
kurillaan kurillansa
ablative
kuraltaan kuraltansa
kuriltaan kuriltansa
allative
kuralleen kurallensa
kurilleen kurillensa
essive
kuranaan kuranansa
kurinaan kurinansa
translative
kurakseen kuraksensa
kurikseen kuriksensa
abessive
kurattaan kurattansa
kurittaan kurittansa
instructive
comitative
—kurineen kurinensa :

#### Derived terms

* kuraantua
* kurainen
* kurata
* kuraeteinen
* kurahousut
* kurakeli
* kuralammikko
* kuralapaset
* kuralätäkkö
* kuramatto
* kurapuku
* kuraputti
* kurarukkanen
* kurasaappaat
* kuravelli
* kuravesi

### Further reading

* “kura”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* karu

## Hausa
### Noun

kūrā f (plural kūrā̀yē, possessed form kūrar̃)
* hyena

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kura. Cognates include dialectal Finnish kura and dialectal Estonian kura.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈkurɑ/, [ˈkurɑ]
* Rhymes: -urɑ
* Hyphenation: ku‧ra

### Adjective

kura
* left
** 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:Kurast poolest meitä kiiree vilkahti orava.From the left side a squirrel flashed past us.

#### Antonyms

* oikia

#### Derived terms

* kural
* kuruli

### References

* V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 59
* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 221
* Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 79

## Japanese
### Romanization

kura
* Rōmaji transcription of くら

## Latvian
### Pronoun

kura
* inflection of kurš:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative singular feminine

## Livonian
### Etymology

Related to Veps hura (“left”) and Votic kurõa.

### Adjective

kura
* left (opposite of right)

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkura/

### Noun

kura f (diminutive kurka)
* chicken, hen

#### Synonyms

* kokoš f

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “kura”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “kura”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Maori
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *kula from Proto-Oceanic *gurat “noni, Morinda citrifolia”, referring to use of its roots that yield a red dye. Cognate with Fijian kura.

#### Noun

kura
* red
    Synonyms: whero, mea
Colors in Maori · ngā tae (layout · text) :
| tea, mā | kiwikiwi | pango |
| mea, kura, whero | karaka; parauri | kōwhai, renga |
| | kāriki, kākāriki | kārikiuri |
| | kikorangi | kahurangi |
| tūāuri | waiporoporo | māwhero |

#### References

* ↑ Dodgson, Neil, Chen, Victoria, Zahido, Meimuna (2024 November) “The colonisation of the colour pink: variation and change in Māori’s colour lexicon”, in Linguistics, →DOI, pages 23-4, 30

### Etymology 2

From English school.

#### Noun

kura
* school, an educational institution providing primary and secondary education.

### Etymology 3

Likely related to Samoan 'ulo “pot, cauldron”, Tongan kulo “cauldron” and Fijian kuro “claypot” all from Proto-Oceanic *kuron “cooking pot” from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kudən, from Proto-Austronesian *kudən. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

kura
* liquid container, tank

##### Derived terms

* kurawai

#### References

* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “kulo”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
* ↑ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (1998) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 1: Material Culture, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 68-9

#### Further reading

* Williams, Herbert William (1917) “kura”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pages 183-4
* “kura” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

## Mapudungun
### Noun

kura (Raguileo spelling)
* stone

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

## Old Czech
### Alternative forms

* kúra

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura. By surface analysis, kur +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈkura/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈkura/

### Noun

kura f
* hen

#### Descendants

* Czech: kura, koura

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “kura”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Pitjantjatjara
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkʊrɐ]

### Adjective

kura
* bad
* useless

#### Antonyms

* palya (“good”)

#### Derived terms

* kura-kura (“ordinary, mundane; poor-quality; weird, strange”)
* kuraṉi (“to spoil, to make bad”)
* kuranmananyi (“to malign, to defame”)
* kuraringanyi (“to turn bad; to hate, to dislike; to break down”)

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈku.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ura
* Syllabification: ku‧ra
* Homophone: Kura

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura.

#### Noun

kura f (male equivalent kogut, diminutive kurka, augmentative kurzysko)
* hen

##### Derived terms

* kurzy
* chodzić spać z kurami impf

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kura m animal
* genitive/accusative singular of kur

### Further reading

* kura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kura in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Rwanda-Rundi
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

-kûra (infinitive gukûra, perfective -kûye)
* remove, take away

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́da.

#### Verb

-kúra (infinitive gukúra, perfective -kúze)
* grow up

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkura/

### Noun

kura n
* chicken

#### Related terms

* kurča n
* kurací, kurčací
* kuriatko n, kurčiatko n

### Further reading

* “kura”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kùːra/

### Noun

kúra f
* hen (female chicken)
    Synonym: kokọ̑š

#### Further reading

* “kura”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قُرْعَة (qurʕa).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

kura class IX (plural kura class X)
* lot (as in drawing lots)
* ballot

#### Derived terms

* -piga kura

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish kura. Cognate with English cower, German kauern (“to squat”).

### Verb

kura (present kurar, preterite kurade, supine kurat, imperative kura)
* to huddle, to cower
    Vi fann honom kurande bakom en trästockWe found him cowering behind a log
* (in "kura ihop sig") to curl up
* (by extension) to hole up (usually figuratively, of staying in some place in a somewhat asocial manner or the like)
    sitta hemma och kurabe holed up at home

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Derived terms

* kurragömma (“hide and seek”)

#### See also

* krypa ihop (“curl up”)

### References

* kura in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kura in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* kura in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish cura, from Ecclesiastical Latin cūra (“monastic office holder, obedientiary”) from Latin cūra (“warden, administrator”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈkuɾa/ [ˈkuː.ɾɐ]
* Rhymes: -uɾa
* Syllabification: ku‧ra

#### Noun

kura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ)
* (ecclesiastical) curate; parish priest
    Synonyms: pari, kura paroko, saserdote, (colloquial) among

##### Related terms

* kura paroko

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈkuɾaʔ/ [ˈkuː.ɾɐʔ]
* Rhymes: -uɾaʔ
* Syllabification: ku‧ra

#### Noun

kurà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇ)
* outdoor picnic held near a spring, river, lake, or any waterway
    Synonym: piknik

### Further reading

* “kura”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “kura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قرعه, from Arabic قُرْعة (qurʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ku.ɾaː/

### Noun

kura (definite accusative kurayı, plural kuralar)
* Choosing the outcome among two or more candidates by chance; drawing lots, drawing straws.
    Synonyms: çekiliş, ad çekimi, ad çekme

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
kura
kuralar
definite accusative
kurayı
kuraları
dative
kuraya
kuralara
locative
kurada
kuralarda
ablative
kuradan
kuralardan
genitive
kuranın
kuraların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
kuram
kuralarım
2nd singular
kuran
kuraların
3rd singular
kurası
kuraları
1st plural
kuramız
kuralarımız
2nd plural
kuranız
kuralarınız
3rd plural
kuraları
kuraları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
kuramı
kuralarımı
2nd singular
kuranı
kuralarını
3rd singular
kurasını
kuralarını
1st plural
kuramızı
kuralarımızı
2nd plural
kuranızı
kuralarınızı
3rd plural
kuralarını
kuralarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
kurama
kuralarıma
2nd singular
kurana
kuralarına
3rd singular
kurasına
kuralarına
1st plural
kuramıza
kuralarımıza
2nd plural
kuranıza
kuralarınıza
3rd plural
kuralarına
kuralarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
kuramda
kuralarımda
2nd singular
kuranda
kuralarında
3rd singular
kurasında
kuralarında
1st plural
kuramızda
kuralarımızda
2nd plural
kuranızda
kuralarınızda
3rd plural
kuralarında
kuralarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
kuramdan
kuralarımdan
2nd singular
kurandan
kuralarından
3rd singular
kurasından
kuralarından
1st plural
kuramızdan
kuralarımızdan
2nd plural
kuranızdan
kuralarınızdan
3rd plural
kuralarından
kuralarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
kuramın
kuralarımın
2nd singular
kuranın
kuralarının
3rd singular
kurasının
kuralarının
1st plural
kuramızın
kuralarımızın
2nd plural
kuranızın
kuralarınızın
3rd plural
kuralarının
kuralarının :

#### Related terms

* piyango

### Noun

kura
* dative singular of kur

### Further reading

* “kura”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1

From Hausa kūrā (“hyena”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kú.ɾá/

#### Noun

kúrá
* An irredeemable person, unrepentant, hopeless, rogue

### Etymology 2

kú (“to die”) +‎ rà (“to decay”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kú.ɾà/

#### Verb

kúrà
* to decompose

##### Derived terms

* ìkúrà (“decomposition”)

### Etymology 3

kú (“to die”) +‎ ara (“body”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kú.ɾā/

#### Verb

kúra
* to feel numb, to suffer from numbness, to be impotent

##### Derived terms

* ìkúra (“numbness, impotence”)

### Etymology 4
#### Alternative forms

* kùrà-kùrà

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kù.ɾà/

#### Ideophone

kùrà
* Emphasizing the act of scooping or digging dirt with one's hands
    Mò ń bu iyẹ̀pẹ̀ kùrà ― I am heavily scooping up dirt