# orange
## English
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle English orenge, orange, from Old French pome orenge (“fruit orange”), influenced by the place name Orange (which is from Gaulish and unrelated to the word for the fruit and color) and by Old Occitan auranja and calqued from Old Italian melarancio, melarancia, compound of mela (“apple”) and un'arancia (“an orange”), from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Early Classical Persian نَارَنْگْ (nārang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “orange tree”), ultimately from Dravidian. Compare Tamil நாரங்காய் (nāraṅkāy), compound of நாரம் (nāram, “water”) and காய் (kāy, “fruit”); also Telugu నారంగము, నారింజ (nāraṅgamu, nāriñja), Malayalam നാരങ്ങ (nāraṅṅa), Kannada ನಾರಂಗಿ (nāraṅgi)).
Originally borrowed as the surname (derived from the place name) in the 13th century, before the sense of the fruit was imported in the late 14th century and the color in 1510. In the color sense, largely displaced ġeolurēad, whence yellow-red.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ŏrʹĭnj, ŏrʹənj; IPA: /ˈɒɹɪnd͡ʒ/, /ˈɒɹənd͡ʒ/, /ˈɒɹɪnʒ/, /ˈɒɹənʒ/
** Audio (UK); [ˈɒɹɪnd͡ʒ]:(file)
* (General American, Canada) enPR: ôrʹĭnj; IPA: /ˈɔɹənd͡ʒ/, /ˈɔɹnd͡ʒ/
** Audio (Northwestern US); [ˈɔɹənd͡ʒ]:(file)
** Audio (Canada); [ˈɔɹənd͡ʒ]:(file) Note: this pronuncation may be nonstandard or incorrect: strong humming noise in the background and a click in the end
* (US, East Coast) enPR: ärʹĭnj, ŏrʹĭnj; IPA: /ˈɑɹənd͡ʒ/, /ˈɔɹəŋʒ/
** Audio (New York City):(file)
* Homophone: Orange
* Rhymes: -ɒɹɪndʒ, -ɒɹəndʒ (see notes)
* Hyphenation: or‧ange

### Noun

orange (countable and uncountable, plural oranges)
* (countable) An evergreen tree of the genus Citrus such as Citrus sinensis which yields oranges (the fruit).
* (countable) Any round citrus fruit with a yellow-red colour when ripe and a sour-sweet taste; the fruit of the orange tree.
** (countable) Specifically, a sweet orange or Citrus sinensis.
* (uncountable) The colour of a ripe fruit of an orange tree, midway between red and yellow.
    orange:
    Synonym: yellow-red
* (uncountable) Various drinks:
** 2015 March 31, Debbie McGowan, Two By Two, Beaten Track Publishing, →ISBN, page 81:“What you drinking?” “Orange and soda will go down nicely, thanks.” “Pint?” “Sure.” Andy headed for the bar, stopping along the way to kiss Shaunna and check she and Kris were OK for a drink. “Everything all right?” Sean asked.
** 2015 May 7, Tosh Lavery, Tosh: An Amazing True Story Of Life, Death, Danger And Drama In The Garda Sub-Aqua Unit, Penguin UK, →ISBN:I ran out into the street and around the block, searching everywhere, and finally burst into O'Dowd's pub around the corner to see Thomas sitting at the bar drinking orange and eating a bag of crisps with two old men.
** 2018 May 25, Michael Nilsen, Beyond the Cave, Troubador Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 82:It transpired this lad was drinking orange and faculties were keen. There were one or two verbal exchanges, then I followed him into the car park. He said to the doorman, 'I won't be long.' He easily knocked me to the ground.
** 2021 June 10, Anna McPartlin, Waiting for the Miracle: Warm your heart this winter with this uplifting novel from the bestselling author of THE LAST DAYS OF RABBIT HAYES, Bonnier Zaffre Ltd., →ISBN:When the fast songs played, like the Beatles' 'Help' or The Rolling Stones' 'Satisfaction', Justin and I sat on two wooden chairs, drinking orange and holding hands. When the nuns weren't watching, I rested my head on his shoulder.
** An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured cordial.
** An orange-coloured and orange-flavoured soft drink.
** (uncommon) Orange juice.
* (heraldry) An orange-coloured roundel.
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:orange.

#### Usage notes

* It is commonly stated that orange has no rhymes. While there are no commonly used English dictionary words that rhyme exactly with orange (door hinge comes close in US pronunciation), see Rhymes:English/ɒɹɪndʒ for some possibilities. See also the Wikipedia article about rhymes for the word orange
* In most dialects, orange is pronounced with two syllables. But in certain dialects of North American English, the vowel of the second syllable is deleted and the word is pronounced as one syllable. In such dialects, the two forms are generally allophonic.

#### Hypernyms

* fruit
** citrus

#### Derived terms

* acridine orange
* African cherry orange (Citropsis articulata)
* Alpine grassland orange (Aponotoreas insignis)
* bergamot orange (Citrus bergamia)
* bitter orange
* blaze orange
* blood orange (Citrus sinensis)
* blorange
* bog orange
* box orange (Severinia buxifolia)
* burnt orange
* cadmium orange
* calamondin orange (×Citrofortunella microcarpa)
* cherry orange
* China orange (×Citrofortunella microcarpa)
* chrome orange
* citrange
* clockwork orange
* code orange
* coolie orange
* Cox's Orange Pippin
* direct orange
* East Orange
* emergency orange
* green orange (Citrus reticulata × sinensis)
* hardy orange (Citrus trifoliata, syn. Poncirus trifoliata)
* horned orange
* international orange
* Jaffa orange
* light orange
* Lombard Street to a China orange
* mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata)
* methyl orange
* Mexican orange
* mock orange, mock-orange (Maclura pomifera, Philadelphus, etc.)
* monkey orange (Maclura pomifera)
* naphthol orange
* Natal orange (Strychnos spinosa)
* native orange (Pittosporum pauciflorum, syn. Citriobatus parviflorus)
* navel orange
* orangeade
* orange-American, orange American
* orange badge
* orange ball buddleja
* orange-ball-tree
* orange-bellied parrot
* orange bird (Tanagra zena)
* orange blister beetle
* orange blossom
* Orange Bowl
* orange box
* orange cestrum (Cestrum aurantiacum)
* orange chicken
* orange chromide
* orange cowry (Cypraea aurantia)
* orange dog
* orange drink
* orange filefish
* orange flowering jessamine (Cestrum aurantiacum)
* orange flower water
* orange-footed scrubfowl
* Orange Free State
* orange goods
* orange grass (Hypericum sarothra)
* orange grove
* orange gum (Angophora lanceolata
* orange hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum)
* orange jessamine (Cestrum aurantiacum)
* orange juice
* orangeless
* orange lily
* Orange lodge
* Orange Man
* Orangeman
* orange milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa)
* orange mint
* orange notice
* Orange Order
* orange-peel bucket
* orange peel, orange-peel
* orange peel theory
* orange-peely
* orange pekoe
* orange pill
* orange pipefish
* orange puppy
* orangequat
* Orange Revolution
* orange ringlet
* Orange River
* orangeroot (Hydrastis canadensis)
* orange roughy
* orangery
* orange scale (Lepidosaphes beckii)
* orange sharpshooter (Bothrogonia addita)
* orange-spotted bulbul
* orange-spotted drone fly
* orange squash
* orange staff sergeant (Athyma cama)
* orange stick
* orange sunshine
* orange swift
* orange-thighed frog
* orange thorn (Pittosporum pauciflorum, syn. Citriobatus parviflorus)
* orange-throated whiptail
* orange tip
* orange-tip
* orange tree
* orange-wife
* orange wine
* orange-winged amazon
* orange-winged parrot
* orangewood
* Orangey
* orangey
* Orangies
* orangish
* osage orange
* osage-orange
* Osage orange (Maclura pomifera)
* Otaheite orange (Citrus limonia)
* Persian orange
* Princeton orange
* queer as a clockwork orange
* Quito orange (Solanum quitoense)
* safety orange
* satsuma orange (Citrus unshiu)
* sea orange (Psolus fabricii)
* Seville orange (Citrus aurantium)
* soap orange (Citrus aurantium saponacea)
* sooty orange tip
* sour orange (Citrus ×aurantium)
* spring orange (Styrax americana)
* sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)
* tachibana orange
* temple orange
* there's more than one way to peel an orange
* trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata, syn. Poncirus trifoliata)
* wild orange
* xylenol orange

#### Descendants

* → Esperanto: oranĝo
* → Japanese: オレンジ (orenji)
* → Kashubian: orendż (Canada, United States)
* → Korean: 오렌지 (orenji)
* → Makah: ʔo·linčas
* → Malay: oren
* → Marshallese: oran

#### Translations
### Adjective

orange (comparative oranger or more orange, superlative orangest or most orange)
* Having the colour of the fruit of an orange tree; yellowred; reddish-yellow.
    Antonym: nonorange

#### Derived terms

* nonorange
* orange man bad
* orangely
* orangeness
* orange dwarf
* yellow-orange

#### Translations
### Verb

orange (third-person singular simple present oranges, present participle oranging, simple past and past participle oranged)
* (transitive) To color orange.
** 1986, Gilles Deleuze, Cinema: The movement-image, page 118:It is this composition which reaches a colourist perfection in Le Bonheur with the complementarity of violet, purple and oranged gold
** 1987, Harold Keith, Rifles for Watie, page 256:Jeff winked his eyes sleepily open and looked out into the cool flush of early morning. The east was oranged over with daybreak.
** 2009, Suzanne Crowley, The Very Ordered Existence of Merilee Marvelous, page 117:I looked at him through my binoculars, his little lips oranged with Cheeto dust.
* (intransitive) To become orange.
** 2007, Terézia Mora, Day in day out, page 296:Cranes in the distance against the background of the slowly oranging sky
** 2008, Wanda Coleman, Jazz & twelve o'clock tales: new stories, page 14:It will be followed by a disappearance of the cash I had hidden in a sealed envelope behind the oranging Modigliani print over the living room couch.
** 2010, Justin Cronin, The Passage, page 330:"What about his eyes?" / "Nothing. No oranging at all, from what I could see.

### See also

* citrus
* clementine
* Cointreau
* curaçao
* mandarin
* marmalade
* murcott
* naartjie
* ortanique
* pomander
* satsuma
* satsuma mandarin
* satsuma tangerine
* secondary colour
* tangerine
* triple sec
* zest
Colors/Colours in English (layout · text) :
| red | orange | yellow | green | blue (incl. indigo; cyan, teal, turquoise) | purple / violet |
| pink (including magenta) | brown | | white | gray/grey | black |

### References

* 1 2 Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “orange”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/what-rhymes-with-orange
* orange on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* South Dravidian Etymology Sergei & George Starostin, 1998-2013.

### Anagrams

* Gerona, Gorean, Ragone, groane, onager

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French orange, from Old French orenge, short form of late pomme d'orenge or pomme d'orange, which was calqued after Old Italian melarancia (mela + arancia). The o came into the word under influence of the place name Orange. See English orange.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.ʁɑ̃ʒ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑ̃ʒ
* Homophones: orangent, oranges

### Noun

orange f (plural oranges)
* orange (fruit)
    Il pressa l’orange afin d’en extraire du jus.He squeezed the orange to extract juice from it.

#### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: zoranj
* Louisiana Creole: zoranj
* → Breton: orañjez
* → Belarusian: ара́нжавы (aránžavy)
* → Bulgarian: ора́нжев (oránžev)
* → German: Orange
* → Hunsrik: Ransch
* → Latvian: oranžs
* → Low German: Orange
* → Luxembourgish: Orange
* → Norwegian: oransje
* → Romanian: oranj
* → Russian: ора́нжевый (oránževyj)
* → Swedish: orange

### Noun

orange m (plural oranges)
* orange (color)

#### Derived terms

* oranger
* Orangina

### Adjective

orange (invariable)
* orange (orange-coloured)
    Les premiers TGV atlantiques étaient orange.The first Atlantic TGV trains were orange.

#### Usage notes

* While prescriptively invariable as a colour name derived from a noun (compare argent (“silver”), chocolat), the nonstandard plural oranges does see use.

#### Derived terms

* agent orange
* feu orange
* hoplostèthe orange
* jus d’orange
* orange sanguine

### See also

Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text) :
| blanc | gris | noir |
| rouge; cramoisi, carmin | orange; brun, marron | jaune; crème |
| lime | vert | menthe |
| cyan, turquoise; bleu canard | azur, bleu ciel | bleu |
| violet, lilas; indigo | magenta; pourpre | rose |

### Further reading

* “orange”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* onagre, organe, rongea

## German
### Etymology

From the noun Orange (“orange fruit”), from French orange.

### Pronunciation

* (predicative only) IPA: /oˈʁãːʃ/, /oˈʁaŋʃ/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʃ/, /oˈʁɔŋʃ/
* (non-predicative feminine and plural forms) IPA: /oˈʁãːʒə/, /oˈʁaŋʒə/, /oˈʁɔ̃ːʒə/, /oˈʁɔŋʒə/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

* A user suggests that this German entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “"strong nominative masculine singular (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener" -- this lacks the form "orange".”
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
orange (strong nominative masculine singular (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, comparative (standard) oranger or (colloquial) orangener, superlative (standard) am orangesten or (colloquial) am orangensten)
* orange

#### Usage notes

* The adjective has two sets of forms. In the formal standard language, endings are added directly to the stem (orang-). In less formal style and in the vernacular, another set of forms is used in free variation, in which an -n- is infixed before the endings.
* It is also officially correct to leave the adjective entirely undeclined. This usage is rare, however, and seems dated.

#### Declension

$^1$Standard. $^2$Colloquial.
$^1$Standard. $^2$Colloquial.
$^1$Standard. $^2$Colloquial.

### Further reading

* “orange” in Duden online
* “orange” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Limburgish
### Noun

orange f
* Veldeke spelling of Orasch

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French orange.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoʁɑ̃ːʃ/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

orange (masculine orangen, neuter oranget, comparative méi orange, superlative am orangesten)
* orange

### See also

Colors in Luxembourgish · Faarwen (layout · text) :
| wäiss | gro | schwaarz |
| rout | orange; brong | giel |
| | gréng | |
| turquoise | blo (hellblo, himmelblo) | blo (donkelblo) |
| violett; indigo | magenta; mof | rosa; pink |

## Middle English
### Noun

orange
* Alternative form of orenge

## Middle French
### Alternative forms

* orenge

### Etymology

From Old French orenge, from pomme d'orenge.

### Noun

orange f (plural oranges)
* orange (fruit of the orange tree)

#### Descendants

* French: orange (see there for further descendants)
* → Middle English: orenge, arange, araunge, orange, orynge
** English: orange
*** → Esperanto: oranĝo
*** → Japanese: オレンジ (orenji)
*** → Kashubian: orendż (Canada, United States)
*** → Korean: 오렌지 (orenji)
*** → Makah: ʔo·linčas
*** → Malay: oren
*** → Marshallese: oran
** Scots: orange, oranger

### References

* orange on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

## Norman
### Alternative forms

* oraunge (Cotentin)

### Etymology

From Old French orenge.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Jersey):(file)

### Adjective

orange m or f
* (Jersey, Guernsey) orange

## Old French
### Noun

orange oblique singular, f (oblique plural oranges, nominative singular orange, nominative plural oranges)
* Alternative form of orenge

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French orange. See English orange.

### Pronunciation

* (indefinite common singular) IPA: /ʊˈranɕ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧ/
* (indefinite neuter singular) IPA: /ʊˈranɕt/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧt/
* (definite masculine singular) IPA: /ʊˈranɕɛ/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧɛ/
* (definite or plural) IPA: /ʊˈranɕa/, (southern) /ʊˈraŋɧa/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

orange
* orange (orange-colored)
    Hon har långt, orange hår.She has long, orange hair.
    en orange apelsinan orange orange

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
    Less common:
$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

### Noun

orange ?
* orange (color)

### References

* orange in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* orange in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* orange in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)