# مقام
## Arabic
### Etymology

Noun of place from the verb قَامَ (qāma, “to get up”), from the root ق و م (q w m). Cognate with Hebrew מָקוֹם (māqōm) and Phoenician 𐤌𐤒𐤌 (mqm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.qaːm/
** (Gulf) IPA: /məˈqaːm/
* Rhymes: -aːm

### Noun

مَقَام • (maqām) m (plural مَقَامَات (maqāmāt))
* verbal noun of قَامَ (qāma) (form I)
* place, spot
    Synonym: مَكان (makān)
* situation
* domicile
* burial place
    Synonyms: مَرْقَد (marqad), ضَرِيح (ḍarīḥ), مَشْهَد (mašhad), حَرَم (ḥaram), مَزار (mazār)
* (Levantine) shrine, holy burial place associated with a religious figure
* staying, halting, sojourn, dwelling
** 17th century, al-Majlisi, quoting بشير بن جذلم [Bašīr ibn Jaḏlam], chapter 45, in بحار الأنوار [Biḥār al-Anwār]‎:يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ لَا مَقَامَ لَكُمْ بِهَا ... قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَأَدْمُعِي مِدْرَارُyā ʔahla yaṯriba lā maqāma lakum bihā ... qutila l-ḥusaynu faʔadmuʕī midrāruO people of Yathrib (i.e. Medina) you have no staying in it ... Husayn is killed thus my tears are overflowing
* standing, station
    Synonym: مَنْزِلَة (manzila)
* office, rank, dignity
* esteem, consideration
* court (of a sovereign)
* (music) tune, song
* (music, countable) maqam (Arabic musical scale), tonality, mode, key

#### Declension
### Noun

مُقَام • (muqām) m (plural مُقَامَات (muqāmāt))
* verbal noun of أَقَامَ (ʔaqāma) (form IV)
* noun of place of أَقَامَ (ʔaqāma): residence

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: məqam, muğam
* → Indonesian: makam
* → Kazakh: мақам (maqam)
* → Classical Persian: مقام (maqām, muqām) (see there for further descendants)
(via plural form مَقَامَات (maqāmāt), مُقَامَات (muqāmāt)):
* → Azerbaijani: məqamat
* → Classical Persian: مقامات (maqāmāt)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मक़ामात (maqāmāt), मुक़ामात (muqāmāt)
    Urdu: مقامات

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مقام”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “قام (قوم)”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مَقَام (maqām).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.ɡaːm/

### Noun

مقام • (magām) f (plural مَقامات (magāmāt))
* standing, rank, status, stature
* (music, countable) maqam (Arabic musical scale), tonality, mode, key

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَقَام (maqām)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ma.qɑːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mä.qɑːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mä.qɑːm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mä.qɑːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mä.qɔːm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæ.ʁɒːm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mä.qɔm]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

مقام • (maqâm or muqâm) (plural مقام‌ها (maqâm-hâ))
* place, position, dignity, rank, office
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2599:در مقامی زهر و در جایی دوا / در مقامی کفر و در جایی رواdar maqāmē zahr u dar jāyē dawā / dar maqāmē kufr u dar jāyē rawāIn one place poison and in one place medicine, in one place infidelity and in one place (it is) approved.
* residence, dwelling
* (music) mode, tone

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: মোকাম (mükam)
* → Middle Bengali: মোকাম (mōkam)
** Bengali: মোকাম (mōkam)
* → Gujarati: મુકામ (mukām)
* → Old Hindi: मुकांम (mukā̃ma)
** Hindustani:
    Hindi: मुक़ाम (muqām), मक़ाम (maqām)
    Urdu: مقَام
* → Maithili: mokām
    Devanagari script: मोकाम
    Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒽𑒏𑒰𑒧
* → Marathi: मुक्काम (mukkām)
* → Marwari:
    Devanagari script: मुकांन (mukā̃n), मुकांम (mukā̃m)
    Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅒𑅕𑅧𑅧 (muknn), 𑅬𑅒𑅕𑅧𑅬 (muknm)
* → Odia: ମୁକାମ (mukāma)
* → Ottoman Turkish: مقام (makam)
    → Turkish: makam
* → Old Punjabi: ਮੁਕਾਮੁ (mukāmu)
** Punjabi: muqām
    Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਕ਼ਾਮ
    Shahmukhi script: مُقام
* → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: مُقامُ
    Devanagari script: मुक़ामु
    Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋣𑊺𑋩𑋠𑋗𑋣 (muqāmu)
* → Telugu: మకాము (makāmu)
* → Uyghur: مۇقام (muqam)
** → Chinese: 木卡姆 (mùkǎmǔ)

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “مقام”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim