# kak
## Translingual
### Symbol

kak
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kayapa Kallahan.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Kayapa Kallahan terms

## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Khmer កាក់ (kak). Doublet of jiao.

#### Noun

kak (plural kaks)
* A subdivision of currency, equal to one tenth of a Cambodian riel.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Afrikaans kak (“shit”), from Dutch kak (“shit”).

#### Noun

kak (uncountable)
* (South Africa, slang) Shit.
** 2008, Lauren Beukes, Moxyland, Jacana Media, →ISBN, pages 102–103:‘You a cop? You with the guy inside?’ the shoppie says, bending his knees to talk to me confidentially. ‘Cos it was legitimate, okay? Bitch started pulling down the merchandise, falling around. Dronkie. She's been in here before, causing kak. Stealing shit. And how long is your friend gonna be in there anyway?’

#### Verb

kak (third-person singular simple present kaks, present participle kakking, simple past and past participle kakked)
* to poo

##### Derived terms

* kak on

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch kakken (verb), from Middle Dutch cacken, and kak (noun), from Middle Dutch cac.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kak/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

kak (present kak, present participle kakkende, past participle gekak)
* (vulgar) to shit

### Noun

kak (uncountable)
* (vulgar) shit

## Basque
### Noun

kak
* absolutive plural of ka
* inessive indefinite of ka
* inessive singular of ka

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From English cock, from Middle English cok, from Old English coc, cocc (“cock, male bird”), from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz (“cock”), probably of onomatopoeic origin.

### Verb

kak
* to prepare a firearm for firing
* (colloquial) to reach inside one's pants to adjust the penis especially during an unwanted erection

### Noun

kak
* the sound of a cocking firearm

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kak
* Rhymes: -ɑk

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch cac, deverbal from cacken; see kakken. Compare English cack.

#### Noun

kak m (uncountable, diminutive kakje n)
* (vulgar) shit, feces
    Synonym: poep
* (vulgar, informal) arrogance

##### Derived terms

* kakker
* kakkerig
* kakmadam
* kakstoel
* kouwe kak
* racekak

##### Descendants

* Berbice Creole Dutch: kaka
* Negerhollands: kaka, koka

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

kak
* inflection of kakken:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kakku, borrowed either from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*kakō) or Proto-Germanic *kakǭ. Cognate with Estonian kakk, Finnish kakku.

### Noun

kak
* cake

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

Modified from Proto-Slavic *kako.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kak/

### Adverb

kak
* how

## Malay
### Etymology

Clipping of kakak.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaʔ/
* Rhymes: -kaʔ, -aʔ

### Noun

kak
* older sister
* term of address for a female acquaintance who is older but in the same generation
* older sibling (rare)
* older brother (rare)

## Mokilese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkak/

### Verb

kak
* (intransitive) to jump

#### Derived terms

* likakkak

## Pipil
### Etymology

Compare with Classical Nahuatl kaktli.

### Noun

kak
* sandal; footwear
    Synonym: kakti

### Further reading

* Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
* Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

## Romani
### Alternative forms

* kako
* kàko (International Standard)
* káko, kákos (Pan-Vlax)

### Etymology

Two etymologies have been proposed:
* Inherited from Sanskrit काक्क (kākka), from a Dravidian word. Compare Hindi काका (kākā).
* Possibly borrowed from Iranian. Compare Persian کاکا (“uncle”), though this itself is also from the Sanskrit word above.

### Noun

kak m (nominative plural kaka)
* uncle

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kākka”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 153
* 1 2 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kak¹”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 132
* ↑ Yaron Matras (2002) “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction‎, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 25

### Further reading

* Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o kak, -es m. -a, -en = o kàk/o, -os m. -e, -en”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 184
* Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “kak”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22

## Russenorsk
### Alternative forms

* kakk, gak

### Etymology

From Russian как (kak, “how”)

### Adverb

kak
* how, what
    Kak tvoja levom?How do you do?

### References

* Ingvild Broch, Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag

## Serbo-Croatian
### Adverb

kak (Cyrillic spelling как)
* (Kajkavian) how
* (Kajkavian) as, like
* (colloquial, Croatia) Informal form of kako.

### Conjunction

kak
* (Kajkavian) as, like
* (colloquial, Croatia) Informal form of kako.

### Related terms

* (as, like): kao, poput

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkak/
* Hyphenation: kak

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قاق (ḳaḳ), from Proto-Turkic *kak (“dry”).
* Azerbaijani qax
* Bashkir ҡаҡ (qaq, “empty”)
* Chagatai قَاقْ
* Crimean Tatar qaq
* Karachay-Balkar как (kak)
* Karakhanid قاقْ (qaq)
* Kipchak قاق
* Nogai как (kak)
* Tatar как (qak) qaq
* Turkmen kak
* Uyghur قاق (qaq)
* Uzbek qoq
* Western Yugur qʰaq

#### Noun

kak (definite accusative kakı, plural kaklar)
* (colloquial, dialectal) Dried fruits like apples, pears, apricots, peaches etc.
    Synonyms: kuru meyve, (dialectal) çir
* (colloquial, dialectal) Dried meat.
* (dialectal, figuratively) A skinny person.
* (dialectal) A pool of rain water on mountains or between rocks.

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
kak
kaklar
definite accusative
kakı
kakları
dative
kaka
kaklara
locative
kakta
kaklarda
ablative
kaktan
kaklardan
genitive
kakın
kakların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
kakım
kaklarım
2nd singular
kakın
kakların
3rd singular
kakı
kakları
1st plural
kakımız
kaklarımız
2nd plural
kakınız
kaklarınız
3rd plural
kakları
kakları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
kakımı
kaklarımı
2nd singular
kakını
kaklarını
3rd singular
kakını
kaklarını
1st plural
kakımızı
kaklarımızı
2nd plural
kakınızı
kaklarınızı
3rd plural
kaklarını
kaklarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
kakıma
kaklarıma
2nd singular
kakına
kaklarına
3rd singular
kakına
kaklarına
1st plural
kakımıza
kaklarımıza
2nd plural
kakınıza
kaklarınıza
3rd plural
kaklarına
kaklarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
kakımda
kaklarımda
2nd singular
kakında
kaklarında
3rd singular
kakında
kaklarında
1st plural
kakımızda
kaklarımızda
2nd plural
kakınızda
kaklarınızda
3rd plural
kaklarında
kaklarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
kakımdan
kaklarımdan
2nd singular
kakından
kaklarından
3rd singular
kakından
kaklarından
1st plural
kakımızdan
kaklarımızdan
2nd plural
kakınızdan
kaklarınızdan
3rd plural
kaklarından
kaklarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
kakımın
kaklarımın
2nd singular
kakının
kaklarının
3rd singular
kakının
kaklarının
1st plural
kakımızın
kaklarımızın
2nd plural
kakınızın
kaklarınızın
3rd plural
kaklarının
kaklarının :

### Etymology 2

Imperative form of kakmak.

#### Verb

kak
* second-person singular imperative of kakmak

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1419
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 931
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*KAk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kak/ka:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 608

### Further reading

* “kak”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kak⁷”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2340

## Volapük
### Noun

kak (nominative plural kaks)
* cocoa

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

## Yucatec Maya
### Noun

kak
* Obsolete spelling of kʼáakʼ.