# 稈

| 稈 | U+7A08, &#31240; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A08 |
| ← 稇 [U+7A07] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 稉 → [U+7A09] |

## Translingual
### Han character

稈 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木日一十 (HDAMJ), four-corner 2694$_1$, composition ⿰禾旱)

#### Derived characters

* 𮑉, 𥳼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 854, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25074
* Dae Jaweon: page 1278, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2607, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7A08

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gǎn (gan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gon$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kón
    (Hailu, HRS): gon$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gon$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kán / kúiⁿ / koáiⁿ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$koe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǎn
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^3$
*** Yale: gǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaan
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gon$^2$
*** Yale: gón
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gon$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gon$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kón
*** Hakka Romanization System: gon$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kon³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gon$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kon²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kɔn³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kán
*** Tâi-lô: kán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: karn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kan⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kan⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kúiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kuínn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvuie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koáiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kuáinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvoae
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuãi⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuãi⁴¹/
* kán - literary;
* kúiⁿ/koáiⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: kanX
Rime :
| Character | 稈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古旱切 |
| Baxter | kanX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kan$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gon$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːnʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 稈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3593 |
| Phonetic component | 干 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 笴 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːnʔ/ |

### Definitions

稈
* stalk (of grain); straw

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 稻草 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 稻草 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稻草 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 稻草 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 稻草, 稻稭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 稻草 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 稻草 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 稻草 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 稻草 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 稻草 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 稻草 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 禾稈, 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 禾草, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 禾稈, 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 禾草 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 禾稈草 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 禾稈 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 禾稈草 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 禾草 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 稈 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 稈 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 稈, 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 稈 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 禾稈, 稈 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 稈, 禾稈草 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 禾稈草 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 禾稈草 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 稈 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 稈 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 稈 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Changting | 稈 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 稈 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 稈 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 稈 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 稈 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 稈 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 稈 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 禾草 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 稈 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 禾草 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 稈 |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | 稈 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 禾稈草 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 禾草 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 禾稈 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 禾稈 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 稻稭 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 稻稭 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 稈 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 草 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 稿 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 草 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 粙稿 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 草 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 稿 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 粙稈 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 粙稈 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 粙稈 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 稈 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 粙草, 粙稈 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 禾草 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 粙稿 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 粙稿草 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 粙稿草 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 工草 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 粙草 GT |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 稈 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 禾草 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 禾稿 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 禾稈 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 粙稿草 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 粙稿草 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 粙稿草 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 粙草 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 粙稿草 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 稈, 稿 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 稈 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 稈 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 稈 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 稈 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 稈 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 禾稈 |
| Wu | Danyang | 稻草 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 稻草 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 稻草 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 稻稈 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 稻稈 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 稻草 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 稈 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

### Compounds

* 禾稈草 / 禾秆草
* 秸稈 / 秸秆 (jiēgǎn)
* 稈子 / 秆子 (gǎnzi)
* 莖稈 / 茎秆 (jīnggǎn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* dried up stalk
* straw

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)
* Kun: わら (wara)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 稈
* かん Hyōgai
* on'yomi

#### Noun

稈(かん) • (kan)
* culm

## Korean
### Hanja

稈 (eum 간 (gan))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

稈: Hán Nôm readings: cán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.