OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# محکوم علیه
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْكُومٌ عَلَيْه (maḥkūmun ʕalayh).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mah.kuː.mun ʔa.lajh]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɦ.kʰuː.mʊn ʔä.läjʰ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɦ.kʰuː.mʊn ʔä.läjʰ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mɑː.kʰuː.mʊn ʔä.läj]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mɔː.kʰu.mun ʔä.läj]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæɦ.kʰuː.mon ʔælejʰ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäɦ.kʰu.mun ʔä.läjʰ]

### Noun

محکوم علیه • (mahkūmun alayh / mahkumon aleyh)
* (law) the losing party of a case
    Antonym: محکوم له (mahkūmun lah / mahkumon lah)
# fødselsdag
## Danish
### Etymology

From fødsel (“birth”) +‎ -s- +‎ dag (“day”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈføsl̩sˌd̥æˀ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

fødselsdag c (singular definite fødselsdagen, plural indefinite fødselsdage)
* birthday (occasion and date of birth)
    Synonym: (humorous, archaic) geburtsdag

#### Related terms

* tillykke med fødselsdagen

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From fødsel (“birth”) +‎ -s- +‎ dag (“day”).

### Noun

fødselsdag m (definite singular fødselsdagen, indefinite plural fødselsdager, definite plural fødselsdagene)
* birthday (anniversary of date of birth)
    Synonyms: bursdag, gebursdag

### See also

* navnedag

### References

* “fødselsdag” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From fødsel (“birth”) +‎ -s- +‎ dag (“day”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fœtʃə(l)s.dɑːɡ/ (Can we verify this pronunciation?)

### Noun

fødselsdag m (definite singular fødselsdagen, indefinite plural fødselsdagar, definite plural fødselsdagane)
* birthday (anniversary of date of birth)
    Synonyms: bursdag, gebursdag

### See also

* namnedag

### References

* “fødselsdag” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# пойа
## Northern Altai
### Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *boǰu.

### Noun

пойа • (poya)
* home brew

### References

* N. A Baskakov, editor (1966), “пойа”, in Severnyje Dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo) Jazyka - Dialekty Černevyx Tatar (Tuba-Kiži) - Grammatičeskij Očerk i Slovarʹ [Northern Altai Dialect of Altai Language - Black Tatar Dialect (Tuba-Kiži), Grammatical text and dictionary], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN
# tragarse un marrón
## Spanish
### Verb

tragarse un marrón (first-person singular present me trago un marrón, first-person singular preterite me tragué un marrón, past participle tragado un marrón)
* (idiomatic) To take on a burden
# tralse
## English
### Etymology

Blend of true +‎ false

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /tɹɔls/, /tɹɑls/
* Rhymes: -ɔls, -ɑls

### Adjective

tralse (not comparable)
* (very rare, nonce word) Both true and false.
** 1991, F.M. Akeroyd, “A practical example of Grue”, in The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, volume 42, number 4:In the instance of a scientific model or theory being falsified it is proposed to describe the predicate as tralse, ie true before time t and false thereafter.
** 2012, Kelly Oram, V Is for Virgin‎:I mean what kind of a name for a band is Tralse, anyway? True and false at the same time? I can't believe I used to think that was clever.
** 2012, Peter Worley, Thoughtings: Puzzles, problems and paradoxes in poetry to think with‎:Is there possibly something else / In the middle of true and false? / Could there be such a thing as / Tralse?
** 2013, Micheal D. Winterburn, Secrets of the Paradox: Solving the Liar and other logical problems‎:What we should really experience, then, is a fusion of the two, true and false, which we could more accurately record, and refer to, as tralse. The Liar paradox generates tralse, not true and false (which separately are all our minds are capable of handling), and tralse is a permanent state of the two with no oscillations, no variations.

### Anagrams

* Laster, ratels, alters, stelar, Tarsle, talers, streal, staler, estral, alerts, tarsel, resalt, slater, Slater, Salter, strale, laster, Trelas, laters, artels, salter
# grundlovsdag
## Danish
### Etymology

From grundlov (“constitution”) +‎ -s- +‎ dag (“day”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡrɔnlɔvsdæː/, [ˈɡ̊ʁɔnlɒwsˌdæːˀ]

### Noun

grundlovsdag c (singular definite grundlovsdagen, plural indefinite grundlovsdage)
* Constitution Day, a national holiday in Denmark, celebrated on June 5, commemorating Denmark's first constitution from 1849.

#### Usage notes

Used as a proper noun without capitalization.

#### Further reading

* grundlovsdag on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$
# Himlafader
## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* himlafader, Himlafar, himlafar

### Etymology

Compound of himmel (“sky, heaven”) +‎ -a- +‎ fader (“father”)

### Proper noun

Himlafader c
* (paganism) Sky Father
** 1884, Ragnar Törnebladh, “Jūpiter”, in Nordisk familjebok 7. Hufvudskål - Kaffraria‎, Gernandts boktryckeri-aktiebolag, accessed at Runeberg.org, archived from the original on 2016-09-14, page 1451:Jūpiter eller Juppiter, latinskt namn på himlafadern, hvilken hos grekerna kallades Zevs.Jūpiter or Juppiter, Latin name for the Sky Father, who among the Greeks was called Zeus.
** 2019 August 27, Silver RavenWolf, translated by Arbora Vitae, To Ride a Silver Broomstick: New Generation Witchcraft‎, archived from the original on 2023-06-10:Han är solens strålar och hon är den lysande månen. En del ser dessa två som Jordmodern och Himlafadern.He is the rays of the sun, and she is the shining moon. Some see these two as the Earth Mother and the Sky Father.
* (Christianity) Heavenly Father
    Synonym: Fader
** 1858, Wilhelmina Stålberg, Fader vår!‎, J. L. Brudins förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Uppsala universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 2024-12-03, page 7:Ske Din vilje, Himlafader!Thy will be done, Heavenly Father!
** 1937, Johannes Rist, Haquin Spegel, Kristoffer Dahl, “443. Var nu redo, själ och tunga”, in Den svenska psalmboken‎, Svenska kyrkans diakonistyrelses bokförlag, accessed at Runeberg.org, archived from the original on 2023-12-16, page 391:Var nu redo, själ och tunga, O mitt hjärta redo var Att tillbedja och lovsjunga Gud, min Gud, min himlafar.Be ready now, soul and tongue, O my heart be ready, to worship and extol God, my God, my Heavenly Father.

#### Related terms

* Fader Himmel

### References

* Himlafader in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# mieć dość
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “to have enough”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmjɛt͡ɕ ˈdɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: mieć dość

### Verb

mieć dość impf
* (intransitive, idiomatic) to have had enough, to be fed up
    Mam dość słuchania tego szajsu. ― I'm fed up with listening to this crap.
* Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see mieć,‎ dość.

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* mieć dość in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* mieć dość in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 원주필
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 圓珠筆.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [wʌ̹ɲd͡ʑupʰiɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [원주필]

### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 볼펜 (bolpen) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 원주필(圓珠筆) (wonjupil) |
원주필 • (wonjupil) (hanja 圓珠筆)
* (North Korea, Yanbian) ballpoint pen

#### Synonyms

* 볼펜 (bolpen) (South Korea)
* 원자필 (原子筆, wonjapil) (Shenyang, Harbin)
# nackert
## German
### Etymology

From nackt (“naked”) +‎ -ert.

### Adjective

nackert (strong nominative masculine singular nackerter, comparative nackerter, superlative am nackertsten)
* (colloquial, Southern Germany, Austria) Alternative form of nackt: naked, with a piqued undertone
# nackerter
## German
### Adjective

nackerter
* inflection of nackert:
** strong nominative masculine singular
** comparative degree
# vajzë
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* vajë, varzë, vashë

### Etymology

From dialectal vajë +‎ -zë (diminutive suffix), from *varjë, from *varë, contraction of *vëharë, from Proto-Albanian *swesarā, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr (“sister”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvajzə]

### Noun

vajzë f (plural vajza, definite vajza, definite plural vajzat)
* girl (female child)

#### Synonyms

* gocë
* cucë
* çikë

#### Related terms

* vjehërr

#### Descendants

* → Greek: βαΐζω (vaḯzo)

### Further reading

* “vajzë”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “vajzë”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# тьабыс
## Northern Altai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yabïŕ.

### Adjective

тьабыс • (tʹabïs)
* low

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, editor (1985), “тьабыс”, in Severnyje Dialekty Altajskovo( Ojrotskovo) Jazyka- Dialekt Lebedinskix Tatar-čalkancev(kuu-kiži) [Northern Altai language-Dialect of Chelkan], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoj literatury, →ISBN, page 212
# Kopfsalat
## German
### Etymology

Kopf +‎ Salat

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔp͡fzaˌlaːt/ (Germany)
** Audio:(file)(Germany)
* IPA: /ˈkɔp͡fsaˌlaːt/ (Austria, Southern Germany, Switzerland)
* Hyphenation: Kopf‧sa‧lat

### Noun

Kopfsalat m (strong, genitive Kopfsalates or Kopfsalats, plural Kopfsalate)
* lettuce
    Synonym: Häuptelsalat

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

### Further reading

* “Kopfsalat” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Kopfsalat” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Kopfsalat” in Duden online
* “Kopfsalat” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
# involuntarily
## English
### Etymology

From involuntary +‎ -ly or in- +‎ voluntarily.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ɪnˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɪnˈvɒləntɹɪli/
* Hyphenation: in‧vol‧un‧ta‧ri‧ly

### Adverb

involuntarily (comparative more involuntarily, superlative most involuntarily)
* In an involuntary manner; done without conscious thought.
    Her leg twitched involuntarily.
    He involuntarily overheard the conversation.
** 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Last Letter”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 283:His eyes filled with tears, as he took up the glittering lengths. Their pale gold was lovely as ever; but there was something in the touch from which he involuntarily recoiled.
** 2025 January 29, Sandee LaMotte, “A rare brain disorder robbed Robert F. Kennedy Jr. of his strong speaking voice”, in CNN‎:Kennedy’s vocal rasp is not caused by an infection or respiratory condition. Instead, he has spasmodic dysphonia, a rare neurological condition in which the muscles that open and close his vocal cords spasm involuntarily, creating a strained or strangled quality to his speech.

#### See also

* unwillingly

### References

* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “involuntarily”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “involuntarily”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# yllnajë
## Albanian
### Etymology

From yll + -najë.

### Noun

yllnajë f (plural yllnaja, definite yllnaja, definite plural yllnajat)
* constellation

#### Related terms

* yll
# aball
## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *aballā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ebl̥neh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaβal͈]

### Noun

aball f (genitive abla, nominative plural abla)
* apple tree
** c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 61$^b$5:
    aball [translating malus]apple tree

#### Inflection

* $^H$ = triggers aspiration
* $^L$ = triggers lenition
* $^N$ = triggers nasalization

#### Related terms

* ubull

#### Descendants

* Irish: abhaill
* Scottish Gaelic: abhall

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Stifter, David (2019 September 18) “An apple a day ...”, in Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 124, number 1, pages 172–218

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aball”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Welsh
### Etymology

Related to aballu (“to perish”), from Proto-Celtic *balnīti (“to die”).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈabaɬ/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈa(ː)baɬ/
* Rhymes: -abaɬ

### Noun

aball m (plural aballau or aballoedd)
* destruction, ruin
    Synonym: distryw
* defect, failing
    Synonyms: diffyg, eisiau, methiant, nam, pall

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “aball”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# Häuptelsalat
## German
### Etymology

Häuptel +‎ Salat

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɔɛ̯ptl̩saˌlaːt/ (Austria, Southern Germany)
* Hyphenation: Häup‧tel‧sa‧lat

### Noun

Häuptelsalat m (strong, genitive Häuptelsalates or Häuptelsalats, plural Häuptelsalate)
* (Austria, Southern Germany) lettuce
    Synonym: Kopfsalat

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

### Further reading

* “Häuptelsalat” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Häuptelsalat” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Häuptelsalat” in Duden online
* “Häuptelsalat” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
# przypinkę
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /pʂɘˈpiŋ.kɛ/, (careful speech) /pʂɘˈpiŋ.kɛw̃/
* Rhymes: -iŋkɛw̃
* Syllabification: przy‧pin‧kę

### Noun

przypinkę
* accusative singular of przypinka
# sprzączce
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspʂɔnt͡ʂ.t͡sɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɔnt͡ʂt͡sɛ
* Syllabification: sprzącz‧ce

### Noun

sprzączce
* dative/locative singular of sprzączka
# 마커
## Korean
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English marker.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ma̠kʰʌ̹]
* Phonetic hangul: [마커]

#### Noun

마커 • (makeo)
* marker pen
    Synonyms: 마커펜 (makeopen), 마킹펜 (makingpen), 펠트펜 (pelteupen)

### Etymology 2

Compare northern Gyeongsang and Gangwon dialectal 마카 (maka).

#### Adverb

마커 • (makeo)
* Gangwon and Gyeongsang form of 모두 (modu, “all, wholly, altogether”)
** 2015 January 5, 박창근 [bakchanggeun], “도둑을 쫓아낸 노부부 [dodugeul jjochanaen nobubu]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎, 강원도 동해시 망상동 [gang'wondo donghaesi mangsangdong]:...반뜻하게 마커 이래가지고 문을 짰잖아 그전에?...bantteuthage makeo irae-gajigo mun-eul jjat-jana geujeon-e?...back then [you would cut] it all upright then construct the door right?
# ujëvarë
## Albanian
### Etymology

From ujë + var.

### Noun

ujëvarë f (definite ujëvara)
* waterfall, cascade
* cataract

#### Synonyms

* skuranë
* lëvar
* balladër
# urle
## Albanian
### Noun

urle
* indefinite dative/genitive/ablative singular of urlë
# federal district
## English
### Noun

federal district (plural federal districts)
* A type of federal subdivision, often composed of a capital city.
* In Russia a grouping of federal subjects (top-level administrative divisions), created for the purpose of ensuring compliance of the containing federal subjects with national law.

#### Derived terms

* Central Federal District
* Far Eastern Federal District
* North Caucasian Federal District
* Northwestern Federal District
* Siberian Federal District
* Southern Federal District
* Ural Federal District
* Volga Federal District

#### See also

* union territory
# vadha
## Albanian
### Noun

vadha
* inflection of vadhë:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite nominative/accusative plural
# varreza
## Albanian
### Noun

varreza
* inflection of varrezë:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite nominative/accusative plural
# varrezat
## Albanian
### Noun

varrezat
* definite nominative/accusative plural of varrezë
# Adamat
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Adamat m
* a male given name

#### Related terms

* Adomat
# 紐芬蘭與拉布拉多
## Chinese

| | | Newfoundland | and; to give; together withand; to give; together with; take part in; (interrog. part.) | Labrador |
| trad. (紐芬蘭與拉布拉多) | trad. (紐芬蘭與拉布拉多) | 紐芬蘭 | 與 | 拉布拉多 |
| simp. (纽芬兰与拉布拉多) | simp. (纽芬兰与拉布拉多) | 纽芬兰 | 与 | 拉布拉多 |
* 紐芬蘭與拉布拉多

### Etymology

Calque of English Newfoundland and Labrador.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Niǔfēnlán yǔ Lābùlāduō
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄢˊ ㄩˇ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄉㄨㄛ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nau$^5$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jyu$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$ / nau$^2$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jyu$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Niǔfēnlán yǔ Lābùlāduō
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄢˊ ㄩˇ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄉㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Niǒufenlán yǔ Labùladuo
*** Wade–Giles: Niu$^3$-fên$^1$-lan$^2$ yü$^3$ La$^1$-pu$^4$-la$^1$-to$^1$
*** Yale: Nyǒu-fēn-lán yǔ Lā-bù-lā-dwō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Neoufenlan yeu Lhabuhlhaduo
*** Palladius: Нюфэньлань юй Лабуладо (Njufɛnʹlanʹ juj Labulado)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fən⁵⁵ län³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nau$^5$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jyu$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$ / nau$^2$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jyu$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$
*** Yale: náuh fān làahn yúh lāai bou lāai dō / náu fān làahn yúh lāai bou lāai dō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nau$^5$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jy$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$ / nau$^2$ fan$^1$ laan$^4$ jy$^5$ laai$^1$ bou$^3$ laai$^1$ do$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: neo$^5$ fen$^1$ lan$^4$ yu$^5$ lai$^1$ bou$^3$ lai$^1$ do$^1$ / neo$^2$ fen$^1$ lan$^4$ yu$^5$ lai$^1$ bou$^3$ lai$^1$ do$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /nɐu̯¹³ fɐn⁵⁵ laːn²¹ jyː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/, /nɐu̯³⁵ fɐn⁵⁵ laːn²¹ jyː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ tɔː⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

紐芬蘭與拉布拉多
* Newfoundland and Labrador (a province in eastern Canada)
# nabadzīgākajai
## Latvian
### Adjective

nabadzīgākajai
* definite dative feminine singular of nabadzīgāks
# eftermiddag
## Danish
### Etymology

Compound of efter +‎ middag, from Old Danish æftermithdagh.

### Noun

eftermiddag c (singular definite eftermiddagen, plural indefinite eftermiddage)
* afternoon (part of the day between noon and evening)

#### Inflection
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish æptirmiddagher, from æptir + middagher. Equivalent of efter +‎ middag. Cognate with Danish eftermiddag and Norwegian ettermiddag.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

eftermiddag c
* afternoon (part of the day between noon and evening)

#### Derived terms

* eftermiddagsfika
* eftermiddagshandel
* eftermiddagskaffe
* eftermiddagsklubb
* eftermiddagslur
* eftermiddagspass
* eftermiddagsrusning
* eftermiddagsslummer
* eftermiddagssol
* eftermiddagssändning
* eftermiddagstrafik

### Further reading

* eftermiddag in Svensk ordbok.
# பிந்து
## Tamil
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit बिन्दु (bindu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bin̪d̪ɯ/

### Noun

பிந்து • (pintu)
* drop of water
    Synonym: துளி (tuḷi)
* semen
    Synonym: சுக்கிலம் (cukkilam)
* speck, spot, mark
    Synonym: புள்ளி (puḷḷi)
# Santa María Ostuma
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Santa María Ostuma.

### Proper noun

Santa María Ostuma
* A town in the La Paz department, El Salvador

#### Translations
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌsanta maˌɾia osˈtuma/ [ˌsãn̪.t̪a maˌɾi.a osˈt̪u.ma]
* Syllabification: San‧ta Ma‧rí‧a Os‧tu‧ma

### Proper noun

Santa María Ostuma m
* A town in the La Paz department, El Salvador
# mặc
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [mak̚˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [mak̚˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [mak̚˨˩˨]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *mak, cognate with Arem mɐ̀k.

#### Verb

mặc • (默, 𢹇, 𬉵, 𧞾, 𬡶)
* (clothing) to wear or put on (a top or bottom)
    Antonym: cởi
    mặc áo/quần/váy/đầm ― to put on your shirt/pants/skirt/dress

#### See also

* ăn mặc
* may mặc
* đội (“to wear headgear”)
* đi/mang (“to wear a piece of footwear”)
* quàng (“to wear a scarf”)
* đeo (“to wear an accessory”)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* (Central Vietnam) mược

#### Verb

mặc • (默, 嚜, 𬡶)
* to leave alone; to let be; to leave be
    Synonym: kệ
    Mặc nó đi, đừng xía vô.Leave him be, don't interfere.
* to ignore; to disregard
    người ta nói gì thì mặc người ta ― whatever people say, just ignore them

##### Derived terms

* bỏ mặc
* chớ thây
* để mặc
* mặc cho
* mặc dù
* mặc kệ
* mặc sức
* mặc thây
* mặc xác
* phó mặc

### Anagrams

* cặm
# vazhde
## Albanian
### Noun

vazhde
* indefinite dative/ablative singular of vazhdë
# -ови
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak -ový, from Proto-Slavic *-ovъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɔvi]
* Rhymes: -ɔvi
* Hyphenation: ови

### Suffix

-ови (-ovi)
* Alternative form of -ов (-ov)
* forms colour adjectives
    ‎ґестиня (gestinja, “chestnut (nut)”) + ‎-ови (-ovi) → ‎ґестиньови (gestinʹovi, “chestnut, maroon (colour)”)

#### Usage notes

* Only -ови (-ovi) is used to form adjectives denoting colour, and is not interchangeable with -ов (-ov) in this sense.

#### Derived terms
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ ˈɔʋe]
* Rhymes: -ɔvi
* Hyphenation: ови

### Etymology

From -ов (-ov) +‎ -и (-y).

#### Suffix

-ови • (-ovy) pl (neuter -ово)
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of -ов / -ова (-ov)
* genitive/vocative plural of -ово́ (-ovó)

#### Related terms

* -ов (-ov) ~ -єв (-jev)
* -ова (-ova) ~ -єва (-jeva)
* -ово (-ovo) ~ -єво (-jevo)
* -ови (-ovy) ~ -єви (-jevy)
* -ьов (-ʹov) ~ -йов (-jov)
* -ьова (-ʹova) ~ -йова (-jova)
* -ьово (-ʹovo) ~ -йово (-jovo)
* -ьови (-ʹovy) ~ -йови (-jovy)
* -ьєв (-ʹjev) ~ -ьйов (-ʹjov)
* -ьєва (-ʹjeva) ~ -ьйова (-ʹjova)
* -ьєво (-ʹjevo) ~ -ьйово (-ʹjovo)
* -ьєви (-ʹjevy) ~ -ьйови (-ʹjovy)
# uszczerbić
## Polish
### Etymology

From u- +‎ szczerbić. First attested in the 16th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uʂˈt͡ʂɛr.bit͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɛrbit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: usz‧czer‧bić

### Verb

uszczerbić pf (imperfective uszczerbiać)
* (transitive) to dent (to give something an indentation as a result of impact)
* (transitive) to dent (to cause part of something to be lost or something to become worse)
* (transitive, historical, literary, heraldry) to distinguish (to make changes to a coat of arms or emblem by removing or adding an element that is supposed to distinguish the coat of arms or emblem from its basic version)
* (reflexive with się) to dent (to receive an indentation as a result of impact)

#### Derived terms=

* uszczerbienie

### References

* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “uszczerbić”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “uszczerbić się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

### Further reading

* uszczerbić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* uszczerbić się in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* uszczerbiać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksandra Wieczorek (11.02.2019) “USZCZERBIĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “uszczerbić”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “uszczerbić”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “uszczerbić”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 386
* uszczerbić in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# マジックペン
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* (shortening) マジック (majikku)

### Etymology

Wasei-eigo (和製英語; pseudo-anglicism), derived from magic + pen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ma̠ʑik̚kɯ̟ pẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

マジックペン • (majikku pen)
* magic marker; marker

#### Synonyms

* マジックインキ (majikku inki)
# cåve
## Walloon
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔːf/, /ˈkoːf/

### Noun

cåve f (plural cåves)
* cellar