# 雷

| 雷 | U+96F7, &#38647; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F7 |
| ← 零 [U+96F6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 雸 → [U+96F8] |
| 雷 | U+F949, &#63817; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F949 |
| ← 賂 [U+F948] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 壘 → [U+F94A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

雷 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月田 (MBW), four-corner 1060$_3$, composition ⿱⻗田)

#### Derived characters

* 擂, 㵢, 䢮, 檑, 礌, 鐳(镭), 鱩, 鿨, 蕾, 䍣, 癗, 靐, 䨻
* 𡀂, 𪤠, 𡢽, 𱚀, 𤢗, 𣰑, 𤐝, 𱯩, 𫩍, 𥋸, 𦆙(𱺭), 𧒽, 𨆢, 𨎿, 𱏰, 𩍢, 𩑆, 𥩉
* 𰊴, 𫑪, 𣀀, 𰀞, 𮦞, 𤮚, 𬰉, 𬧾, 𮦰, 𮦯, 𮦳, 𩆢, 𱁤, 𨙝, 𩁦, 𪆼, 𩇆
* 𫶘, 𥵉, 𡃷, 𤴑, 𨷏, 𩂾, 𱁗, 𩃙, 𮦟, 𧒜, 𩅎

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42245
* Dae Jaweon: page 1881, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4060, character 2
* Unihan data for U+96F7
* Unihan data for U+F949

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 摞 | *roːl, *roːls |
| 騾 | *roːl |
| 螺 | *roːl |
| 蔂 | *roːl, *rul |
| 虆 | *roːl, *rul |
| 瘰 | *roːlʔ |
| 礌 | *ruːl, *ruːls |
| 雷 | *ruːl |
| 擂 | *ruːl, *ruːls |
| 攂 | *ruːl, *ruːls |
| 礧 | *ruːll, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls |
| 儡 | *ruːl, *ruːlʔ, *ruːls |
| 瓃 | *ruːl, *rul, *ruls |
| 櫑 | *ruːl, *ruːlʔ |
| 鑘 | *ruːl, *ruːlʔ |
| 鐳 | *ruːl |
| 畾 | *ruːl |
| 轠 | *ruːl, *rulʔ |
| 罍 | *ruːl |
| 蕾 | *ruːlʔ |
| 癗 | *ruːlʔ |
| 磥 | *ruːlʔ |
| 累 | *ruːls, *rolʔ, *rols |
| 儽 | *ruːls, *rul |
| 樏 | *rolʔ, *rul |
| 鸓 | *rul, *rulʔ |
| 嫘 | *rul |
| 纍 | *rul, *ruls |
| 欙 | *rul |
| 纝 | *rul |
| 壘 | *rulʔ |
| 櫐 | *rulʔ |
| 蘽 | *rulʔ |
| 藟 | *rulʔ |
| 讄 | *rulʔ |
Ancient simplification of 靁, which was a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ruːl): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl).

### Etymology

The Northern Min initial s- may be due to the loss of a pre-initial which might have been a velar considering dialect forms in Henan, Hebei and Shanxi, e.g. Taiyuan Jin 忽雷 (hueh4 lui1) (Schuessler, 2007).
Perhaps from Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo râwl (“voice; cry (of an animal); sound”), Tibetan ཁྲོལ (khrol).
* (spoiler): Clipping of 捏他八雷 (niētābāléi), from Japanese ネタバレ (netabare).
* (loyalty): by homophony of 二 (ji$^6$, “two”) and 義 / 义 (ji$^6$, “spirit of loyalty”).
* (to lay off): from Phono-semantic matching of English lay off.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): léi (lei$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nui$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): leoi$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lui$^3$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): lui$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lui$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lùi
    (Hailu, HRS): lui
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lui$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lui$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): lô / sô
* Eastern Min (BUC): lài / lòi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lui$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lûi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lui$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): lui$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$le
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): lei$^2$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): lui$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: léi
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: léi
*** Wade–Giles: lei$^2$
*** Yale: léi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lei
*** Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /leɪ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nui$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lui
*** Sinological IPA : /nuei²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leoi$^4$
*** Yale: lèuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loey$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lêu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵy̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lui²²/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: lui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lui⁴²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lui³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lùi
*** Hakka Romanization System: lui$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lu̯i¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: lui
*** Sinological IPA: /lui⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /luɪ¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /luei¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lô / sô
*** Sinological IPA : /lo³³/, /so³³/
* lô - literary;
* sô - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: lwoj
Rime :
| Character | 雷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 魯回切 |
| Baxter | lwoj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luoi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lwəj/ |
| Li Rong | /luᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /luɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | léi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | leoi$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.rˤuj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ruːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 雷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | léi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lwoj › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.rˁuj/ |
| English | thunder |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 雷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7707 |
| Phonetic component | 畾 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 雷 |
| Old Chinese | /*ruːl/ |

### Definitions

雷
* thunder
    打雷 ― dǎ léi ― to thunder
    電閃雷鳴／电闪雷鸣 ― diànshǎnléimíng ― lightning flashes and thunder rumbles
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yīn qí léi, zài Nánshān zhī yáng. [Pinyin]
    Grandly rolls the thunder, On the south of the southern hill!
    From: c. 9th century, Wei Zhuang, 喜遷鶯
    Fèng xián jīnbǎng chū yún lái, píngdì yī shēng léi. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (in compounds) lightning
    避雷針／避雷针 ― bìléizhēn ― lightning rod
    雷擊／雷击 ― léijī ― lightning strike
* (military, weaponry, in compounds) explosive device; mine
    魚雷／鱼雷 ― yúléi ― torpedo
    手雷 ― shǒuléi ― grenade
    雷區／雷区 ― léiqū ― minefield
    排雷 ― páiléi ― to demine
* (colloquial) to astonish; to shock
* (colloquial) astonishment; surprise
    內容有雷／内容有雷 ― nèiróng yǒu léi ― (slang) shocking content ahead
* Short for 雷州 (Léizhōu, “Leizhou”).
    雷劇／雷剧 ― léijù ― Leizhou opera
* (neologism) burdensome
    暴雷 ― bàoléi ― to default on a large scale
* (neologism) to be burden to others
* (Taiwan, neologism) plot spoiler
    Synonyms: 捏他 (niētā), 劇透 / 剧透 (jùtòu)
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, triad slang) two
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) loyalty
* a surname
    雷震 ― Léi Zhèn ― Lei Chen (Chinese dissident who founded the Free China Journal in Taiwan)
* (American (1980–), slang) to lay off
    亞麻整組被雷／亚麻整组被雷 ― yàmá zhěng zǔ bèi léi ― An entire group at Amazon is being laid off

#### Synonyms

* (thunder): 雷聲／雷声 (léishēng)
* (lightning): 閃電／闪电 (shǎndiàn)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 雷, 震 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 雷 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Xianxian (Xiaoying) | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 雷 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 雷 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 雷 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 雷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 雷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 雷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 雷, 呼嚕爺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 雷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 雷 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 雷 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 雷 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanbu | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Muli | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 雷, 天雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 雷公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luzhai | 雷公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 雷公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luocheng (Dongmen) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianlin (Langping) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 雷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Oudomxay | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zongyang | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 雷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jinhua (Shuiduiji) | 雷 |
| Mandarin | Jiangshan (Nianbadu) | 雷公 |
| Mandarin | Kaihua (Huabu) | 雷公 |
| Mandarin | Yushan (Huaiyu) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 雷, 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Sam Mun Tsai; Tanka) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Chongkoumen, Nanlang; Tanka) | 雷公, 石湖 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 雷, 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 雷, 雷公, 雷婆 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 聲雷, 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Jintian) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Jiangkou) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Madong) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Changtan) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Chongzuo (Laituan) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Fusui (Qujiu) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Lingchuan (Yangjia) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 雷公 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 雷 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 雷公 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 雷 |
| Gan | Pengze | 雷 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 雷公 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 雷, 雷公 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 雷公, 雷 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Jiexi (Huizhai) | 雷 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Wushi) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Rongxian (Xiandi) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) | 雷 |
| Hakka | Lipu (Shuangduitun) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Lipu (Dashigu) | 雷 |
| Hakka | Pingle (Tong'an) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Hakka | Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Guidong | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Mempawah (Meixian) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 雷公 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 雷公 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 天雷, 雷 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 天雷 |
| Huizhou | Shexian (Xianggao) | 雷 |
| Huizhou | Shexian (Daguyun) | 天雷, 雷 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 忽雷, 雷 |
| Jin | Datong | 雷聲 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 忽雷, 雷 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 忽雷 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 雷 |
| Jin | Linhe | 雷 |
| Jin | Jining | 雷 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 雷, 雷聲 |
| Jin | Baotou | 雷 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 雷 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 雷 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 雷 |
| Jin | Handan | 雷 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Jiande | 風暴, 天雷 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Jinhua | 天雷 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 天雷 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Tunxi | 風暴 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 雷公, 雷 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 雷公, 雷 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 雷公, 雷 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 雷公 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 雷 |
| Eastern Min | Longyou (Lingshan) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 雷公, 雷 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 雷公, 雷 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 雷公, 雷 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 雷公, 雷 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Datian (Guangping) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Youxi (Jiemian, Banmian) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Xiapu (Sansha) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Puxian (Fuye, Xiuyu) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Pingtian) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Xiaowen) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Dongsheng) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Heyuan (Nijin) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Hangzhou (Pingfeng) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Wenling (Ruoshan & Shitang) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Hong Kong (Yuen Chau Tsai) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Phnom Penh (Teochew) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 雷 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 雷公 |
| Southern Min | Wanning | 雷 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 雷公, 雷 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 雷公 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang | 雷 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dabu) | 雷公 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Qianjing) | 雷公 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui) | 雷 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 雷公, 雷 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) | 雷 |
| Northern Pinghua | Quanzhou (Wenqiao) | 雷 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 靈公 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 雷公 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 雷公 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 䨨 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 䨨 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Baisha) | 䨨 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Liangjiatan) | 䨨 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Lijiatian) | 䨨 |
| Waxiang | Chengbu (Xuntou) | 䨨 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 雷 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 雷 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) | 雷 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) | 雷 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 陣頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 雷 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 雷 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 雷 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 雷 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 雷, 陣頭 |
| Wu | Liyang | 雷 |
| Wu | Yixing | 陣頭, 雷 |
| Wu | Danyang | 雷, 陣頭 |
| Wu | Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) | 雷, 陣雷 |
| Wu | Jingjiang | 雷 |
| Wu | Jiangyin | 雷動 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 雷 |
| Wu | Huzhou (Shuanglin) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Wu | Anji | 雷 |
| Wu | Anji (Xiaofeng) | 雷 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 雷, 雷公公, 雷公 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 雷, 雷公菩薩 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 雷, 大雷 |
| Wu | Zhuji (Wangjiajing) | 天雷 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Chongren) | 雷 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Taiping) | 雷公 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 雷 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Yinzhou) | 雷 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 動雷 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 雷, 雷響巧 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 雷 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 雷, 雷公 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 雷, 雷公 |
| Wu | Longyou | 雷鼓 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 天雷, 雷 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 天雷鼓 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 雷公菩薩 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 雷公 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 雷 |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang | 雷 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 雷 |
| Xiang | Hengshan | 雷, 雷公 |
| Xiang | Hengshan (Baiguo) | 雷, 雷公 |
| Xiang | Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) | 雷 |

#### Usage notes

* As a noun on its own, 雷 (léi) refers to thunder. In compounds, however, this character may also refer to lightning.
* Not all military explosive devices are called 雷 (léi). Another commonly used name is 彈／弹 (dàn), which is more often used with propelled explosive weapons.

#### Compounds

* 乾打雷 / 干打雷
* 五雷轟頂 / 五雷轰顶
* 伯雷
* 克雷因
* 哈姆雷特
* 哈雷彗星 (Hāléi huìxīng)
* 地雷 (dìléi)
* 大發雷霆 / 大发雷霆 (dàfāléitíng)
* 大雷雨
* 天打雷劈 (tiāndǎléipī)
* 天雷
* 奔雷
* 奔馳如雷 / 奔驰如雷
* 如雷
* 如雷灌耳 (rúléiguàněr)
* 如雷貫耳 / 如雷贯耳 (rúléiguàn'ěr)
* 射控雷達 / 射控雷达
* 導向魚雷 / 导向鱼雷
* 巴雷利
* 布雷 (bùléi)
* 布雷克
* 布雷克磨
* 布雷爾港 / 布雷尔港
* 布鼓雷門 / 布鼓雷门
* 弗雷特 (Fúléitè)
* 忽雷 (hūléi)
* 悶雷 / 闷雷 (mènléi)
* 打悶雷 / 打闷雷
* 打攔頭雷 / 打拦头雷
* 打雷 (dǎléi)
* 拖雷 (Tuōléi)
* 掌心雷 (zhǎngxīnléi)
* 掌聲雷動 / 掌声雷动 (zhǎngshēngléidòng)
* 掃雷 / 扫雷 (sǎoléi)
* 掀雷抉電 / 掀雷抉电
* 旱天雷
* 春雷
* 暴燥如雷
* 暴跳如雷 (bàotiào-rúléi)
* 暴躁如雷
* 暴雷 (bàoléi)
* 暴雷也似
* 歡呼雷動 / 欢呼雷动
* 歡聲雷動 / 欢声雷动
* 氣象雷達 / 气象雷达
* 水雷 (shuǐléi)
* 火山雷 (huǒshānléi)
* 炸雷 (zhàléi)
* 烈火轟雷 / 烈火轰雷
* 焦雷
* 熱雷雨 / 热雷雨
* 爆燥如雷
* 瓦釜雷鳴 / 瓦釜雷鸣
* 甕雷 / 瓮雷 (wèngléi)
* 疾如雷電 / 疾如雷电
* 疾雷
* 疾風迅雷 / 疾风迅雷
* 百面雷
* 竹地雷
* 聚蚊成雷
* 聞雷失箸 / 闻雷失箸
* 肚裡雷鳴 / 肚里雷鸣
* 落雷 (luòléi)
* 蚊雷
* 蟄雷 / 蛰雷
* 訇雷震
* 詭雷 / 诡雷 (guǐléi)
* 起雷 (qǐléi)
* 轟然雷動 / 轰然雷动
* 轟雷掣電 / 轰雷掣电
* 轟雷貫耳 / 轰雷贯耳
* 迅雷 (xùnléi)
* 避雷 (bìléi)
* 醉雷公
* 金鼓雷鳴 / 金鼓雷鸣
* 防空雷達 / 防空雷达
* 陳布雷 / 陈布雷
* 陳雷膠漆 / 陈雷胶漆
* 難越雷池 / 难越雷池
* 雷丸 (léiwán)
* 雷人 (léirén)
* 雷公 (léigōng)
* 雷公嘴
* 雷公藤 (léigōngténg)
* 雷劈
* 雷動 / 雷动 (léidòng)
* 雷區 / 雷区 (léiqū)
* 雷厲 / 雷厉
* 雷厲風行 / 雷厉风行 (léilìfēngxíng)
* 雷厲風飛 / 雷厉风飞
* 雷同 (léitóng)
* 雷嗔電怒 / 雷嗔电怒
* 雷城
* 雷堆
* 雷塘
* 雷多公路
* 雷大雨小
* 雷害
* 雷家店 (Léijiādiàn)
* 雷家祠 (Léijiācí)
* 雷射 (léishè)
* 雷射刀
* 雷射唱片
* 雷射唱盤 / 雷射唱盘
* 雷射攝影 / 雷射摄影
* 雷射音響 / 雷射音响
* 雷山 (Léishān)
* 雷峰塔
* 雷州 (Léizhōu)
* 雷州半島 / 雷州半岛 (Léizhōu Bàndǎo)
* 雷巾
* 雷師 / 雷师
* 雷打不動 / 雷打不动 (léi dǎ bù dòng)
* 雷抃
* 雷擊 / 雷击 (léijī)
* 雷暴 (léibào)
* 雷根主義 / 雷根主义 (léigēnzhǔyì)
* 雷殛 (léijí)
* 雷汞 (léigǒng)
* 雷池 (léichí)
* 雷河 (Léihé)
* 雷火 (léihuǒ)
* 雷琴 (léiqín)
* 雷神 (léishén)
* 雷神鞭
* 雷管 (léiguǎn)
* 雷聲 / 雷声 (léishēng)
* 雷聲大，雨點小 / 雷声大，雨点小 (léishēng dà, yǔdiǎn xiǎo)
* 雷芽
* 雷藏寺 (léicángsì)
* 雷衕 / 雷同
* 雷諾瓦 / 雷诺瓦
* 雷車 / 雷车
* 雷轟電掣 / 雷轰电掣
* 雷達 / 雷达 (léidá)
* 雷達搜索 / 雷达搜索
* 雷達站 / 雷达站
* 雷達追蹤 / 雷达追踪
* 雷部
* 雷鋒 / 雷锋 (Léi Fēng)
* 雷鋒運動 / 雷锋运动
* 雷陣雨 / 雷阵雨 (léizhènyǔ)
* 雷陳膠漆 / 雷陈胶漆
* 雷雨 (léiyǔ)
* 雷雨交加
* 雷雨胞
* 雷雨雲 / 雷雨云
* 雷雲 / 雷云 (léiyún)
* 雷電 / 雷电 (léidiàn)
* 雷電交加 / 雷电交加 (léidiànjiāojiā)
* 雷震
* 雷霆 (léitíng)
* 雷霆之怒
* 雷霆萬鈞 / 雷霆万钧 (léitíngwànjūn)
* 雷霆電雹 / 雷霆电雹
* 雷鞭
* 雷音
* 雷馬克 / 雷马克
* 雷鳥 / 雷鸟 (léiniǎo)
* 雷鳴 / 雷鸣 (léimíng)
* 雷鳴瓦釜 / 雷鸣瓦釜
* 雷鳴遠 / 雷鸣远
* 雷鼓
* 雷龍 / 雷龙
* 震天雷
* 霹雷 (pīléi)
* 順風雷 / 顺风雷
* 風掣雷行 / 风掣雷行
* 風雷 / 风雷 (fēngléi)
* 風雷之性 / 风雷之性
* 風雷火炮 / 风雷火炮
* 魚雷 / 鱼雷 (yúléi)
* 魚雷快艇 / 鱼雷快艇
* 鴨子聽雷 / 鸭子听雷
* 麻雷子 (máléizi)
* 鼙鼓雷鳴 / 鼙鼓雷鸣
* 鼻鼾如雷
* 鼾聲如雷 / 鼾声如雷
* 鼾聲雷動 / 鼾声雷动
* 鼾齁如雷
* 齁聲雷起 / 齁声雷起

### References

* “雷”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “雷”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* thunder, lightning bolt

#### Readings

* Go-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
* Kun: かみなり (kaminari, 雷, Jōyō)、いかずち (ikazuchi, 雷)
* Nanori: あずま (azuma)

#### Compounds

* 雷(らい)雨(う) (raiu)
* 雷(らい)雲(うん) (raiun)
* 雷(らい)管(かん) (raikan)
* 雷(らい)撃(げき) (raigeki)
* 雷(らい)公(こう) (raikō)
* 雷(らい)光(こう) (raikō)
* 雷(らい)獣(じゅう) (raijū, “thunder beast”)
* 雷(らい)神(じん) (raijin)
* 雷(らい)声(せい) (raisei)
* 雷(らい)鳥(ちょう) (raichō, “rock ptarmigan, snow grouse”)
* 雷(らい)電(でん) (raiden)
* 雷(らい)同(どう) (raidō)
* 雷(らい)名(めい) (raimei)
* 雷(らい)鳴(めい) (raimei)
* 遠(えん)雷(らい) (enrai)
* 魚(ぎょ)雷(らい) (gyorai)
* 地(じ)雷(らい) (jirai)
* 春(しゅん)雷(らい) (shunrai)
* 迅(じん)雷(らい) (jinrai)
* 地(ち)雷(らい) (chirai)
* 爆(ばく)雷(らい) (bakurai)
* 避(ひ)雷(らい) (hirai)
** 避(ひ)雷(らい)針(しん) (hiraishin)
* 蚊(ぶん)雷(らい) (bunrai)
* 落(らく)雷(らい) (rakurai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 雷
* かみなり Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Originally a compound of 神(かみ) (kami, “god, spirit”) + 鳴(な)り (nari, 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 鳴(な)る (naru)).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かみなり [kàmínáꜜrì] (Nakadaka –)
* (Tokyo) かみなり [kàmínáríꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠mʲina̠ɾʲi]

#### Noun

雷(かみなり) • (kaminari)
* thunder (loud sound caused by expansion of rapidly heated air)
    Synonym: 雷鳴 (raimei)
* lightning, thunderbolt
    Synonyms: 電, 稲妻 (inazuma); 稲光 (inabikari); 落雷 (rakurai)
** 1999 February 4, “サンダー・キッズ [Thunder Kid]”, in Vol.1, Konami:
    雷(かみなり)をからだの中(なか)に蓄(ちく)電(でん)させている。泣(な)かせたときは危(き)険(けん)。
       Kaminari o karada no naka ni chikuden saseteiru. Nakaseta toki wa kiken.
       He stores lightning inside his body. He’s very dangerous when he cries.
** 1999 March 1, “エレキッズ [Elekid]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
    雷(かみなり)攻(こう)撃(げき)は意(い)外(がい)と強(つよ)い。甘(あま)く見(み)ると感(かん)電(でん)するぞ。
       Kaminarikōgeki wa igai to tsuyoi. Amaku miru to kanden suru zo.
       It has a surprisingly powerful lightning attack. However, its electrocution tends to be underestimated.
* thunder god

##### Usage notes

This kaminari reading is the most common reading when used as a standalone noun.

##### Derived terms

* 神鳴(かみなり) (Kaminari)
* 雷(かみなり)烏賊(いか) (kaminari ika)
* 雷(かみなり)親(おや)父(じ) (kaminari oyaji)
* 雷(かみなり)雲(ぐも) (kaminarigumo)
* 雷(かみなり)声(ごえ) (kaminarigoe)
* 雷(かみなり)豆(どう)腐(ふ) (kaminaridōfu)
* 雷(かみなり)の陣(じん) (kaminari no jin)
* 雷鳴(かみなり)の壺(つぼ) (Kaminari no Tsubo)
* 雷(かみなり)の間(ま) (kaminari no ma)
* 雷(かみなり)林(ばやし) (Kaminaribayashi)
* 雷(かみなり)干(ぼ)し, 雷(かみなり)乾(ぼ)し (kaminariboshi)
* 雷(かみなり)門(もん) (Kaminarimon)
* 雷(かみなり)除(よ)け (kaminariyoke)
* 地(じ)雷(がみなり) (jigaminari)
* 虫(むし)出(だ)し雷(かみなり) (mushidashi kaminari)

##### Idioms

* 雷(かみなり)が落(お)ちる (kaminari ga ochiru, “thunder comes down → to be scolded severely by a superior, to be ripped a new one”)
* 雷(かみなり)三(みっ)日(か) (kaminari mikka)

##### See also

* 雷電(らいでん) (raiden, “thunder and lightning”)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 雷
* かんなり Grade: S
* irregular
* Alternative spellings
* 雷鳴り 雷鳴
/kaminari/ → /kamʉnari/ → /kanːari/
Shift in pronunciation from kaminari above.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kã̠nːa̠ɾʲi]

#### Noun

雷(かんなり) • (kannari)
* (rare, archaic) Same as かみなり (kaminari) above

##### Derived terms

* 雷(かんなり)の陣(じん) (kannari no jin)

#### Proper noun

雷(かんなり) • (Kannari)
* (rare, archaic) Short for 雷鳴の壺 (Kannari no Tsubo): one of the five buildings in the imperial palace in 平安京 (Heian-kyō), modern-day Kyoto

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 雷
* いかずち Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 霆
⟨ika tu ti⟩ → ⟨ikaduti⟩ → /ikad͡zut͡ɕi/ → /ikazut͡ɕi/
From Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 厳(いか) (ika, “sternness, terribleness, imposingness”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + 霊(ち) (chi, “spirit, force, essence”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ika̠zɨt͡ɕi]

#### Noun

雷(いかずち) • (ikazuchi)
* (archaic) thunder
* (obsolete) something ferocious and imposing, a demon or devil

#### Proper noun

雷(いかずち) • (Ikazuchi)
* a surname

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 雷
* なるかみ Grade: S
* irregular
* Alternative spellings
* 鳴る神 鳴神
Compound of 鳴(な)る (naru, “to cry out, to call”) + 神(かみ) (kami, “god, spirit”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [na̠ɾɯ̟ka̠mʲi]

#### Noun

雷(なるかみ) • (narukami)
* (rare) thunder (the sound)
* (rare) lightning, a thunderbolt

#### Proper noun

雷(なるかみ) • (Narukami)
* 鳴神: one of the eighteen styles of kabuki

##### Usage notes

This sense is more commonly spelled as 鳴神.

### Etymology 5

* Kanji in this term
* 雷
* らい Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 雷 (MC lwoj).
Compare modern Mandarin 雷 (léi) and Cantonese 雷 (leoi$^4$).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɾa̠i]

#### Noun

雷(らい) • (rai)
* a thunder
* lightning

##### Usage notes

Used more in compounds than on its own. As a standalone noun, the kaminari reading is the most common.

##### Derived terms

* 雷(らい)の間(ま) (rai no ma)
* 雷(らい)斧(ふ) (raifu)
* 機(き)雷(らい) (kirai)

#### Affix

雷(らい) • (rai)
* thunder
* thunderous, noisy
* famous
* large, explosive weapon

#### Proper noun

雷(らい) • (Rai)
* a female given name
* a surname

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Kikai
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: はんまい (hanmai, 雷)

### Noun

雷(はんまい) (hanmai)
* thunder

### References

* “はんまい【雷】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 雷 (MC lwoj). Recorded as Middle Korean 뢰 (lwoy) (Yale: lwoy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 雷 (eumhun 우레 뢰 (ure roe), word-initial (South Korea) 우레 뇌 (ure noe))
* hanja form of 뢰/뇌 (“thunder; lightning bolt”)
    Synonym: 震 (진 (jin))

#### Compounds

* 뇌성 (雷聲, noeseong, “thunder (sound caused by lightning)”)
* 뇌관 (雷管, noegwan, “detonator”)
* 지뢰 (地雷, jiroe, “land mine”)
* 어뢰 (魚雷, eoroe, “torpedo”)
* 낙뢰 (落雷, nangnoe, “thunderbolt”)
* 뇌우 (雷雨, noe'u, “thunderstorm”)
* 폭뢰 (爆雷, pongnoe, “depth charge”)
* 피뢰침 (避雷針, piroechim, “lightning rod”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: かんない (kannai, 雷)

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 雷 (kaminari).

### Noun

雷(かんない) (kannai)
* thunder

### References

* “かんない【雷】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Originally a compound of 嚴 (ika, “sternness, terribleness, imposingness”) +‎ つ (tu, possessive particle) +‎ 靈 (ti, “spirit, force, essence”).

### Noun

雷 (ikaduti) (kana いかづち)
* thunder
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 3, first variant poem 235, first variant:, text here
    皇者神二四座者天雲之雷之上尓廬為流鴨opoki$_1$mi$_1$ pa kami$_2$ ni si maseba amakumo no$_2$ ikaduti no$_2$ upe$_2$ ni iporaseru ka moSince our sovereign is a god, she builds a temporary palace above the thunder in the heavenly clouds.
* demon or devil

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 雷 (ikazuchi)

#### See also

* 鳴神 (narukami$_2$)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Motoori Norinaga (2007) Michael F. Marra, editor, The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 230

## Vietnamese
### Han character

雷: Hán Nôm readings: lôi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.