OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# au naturel
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French au naturel (literally “in the natural”).

### Adverb

au naturel (not comparable)
* Naturally.
* In the plainest or simplest manner.
* In the nude: in the naked state.
    Bella loved posing for the artist au naturel.
* Having untrimmed pubic hair (especially of women).
** 2018, August McLaughlin, Girl Boner: The Good Girl's Guide to Sexual Empowerment, Amberjack Publishing, →ISBN:“There's nary a pubic hair in sight in most porn,” wrote Cindy Gallop in Make Love Not Porn, “which puts a whole lot of grooming pressure on women and is actually rather depressing for those men who like women au naturel.”
* Without makeup and with one's natural hair color.
** 2013, Laura Lascarso, Counting Backwards, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 134:“Well, few of us are blessed with flawless complexions such as yours, so if you want to go au naturel, that's fine by me.”
** 2014, Daryl Wood Gerber, Stirring the Plot, Penguin, →ISBN, page 121:Why did some women eschew makeup? It seemed to be a recent trend for her. Had her religious fiancé requested she go au naturel?
** 2024 October 3, Katie Berohn, Kathleen Hou, quoting Troy Surratt, “But Really, Is JD Vance Wearing Eyeliner?”, in Elle‎:With his old-fashioned views on gender roles, I imagine that it would take an act of God for him to even agree to be patted down with a powder puff to avoid shine on camera. It is my belief that he is au naturel.

#### Related terms

* natural
* naturism

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /o na.ty.ʁɛl/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

au naturel
* naturally
* in the nude
* most simply, most plainly
* (food) without seasoning, flavouring or dressing
    thon au naturel -- tuna-fish in brine
* (heraldry) proper
# he or she
## English
### Alternative forms

* she or he
* heorshe
* he/she, she/he
* s/he, (s)he

### Pronoun

he or she (third person, singular, plural they)
* (sometimes proscribed) He or she; used as a gender-neutral reference to the third person singular.
** 2003, Doyice Cotten, John T. Wolohan, Law for recreation and sport managers, page 466:In Skinner the Court stated: It is not disputed, however, that chemical analysis of urine, like that of blood, can reveal a host of private medical facts about an employee, including whether he or she is epileptic, pregnant, or diabetic.

#### Usage notes

It is not recommended to write he (or she) or he—or she—, which treats a woman as an exception.

### See also

* she/he
* his/her
* him/her
* himself/herself
* him/herself
* they (singular)

### References

* ↑ Rosalie Maggio, The Nonsexist Word Finder, 1989

### Anagrams

* she or he
# دۄد
## Kashmiri
### Etymology

From Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔd/

### Noun

دۄد • (dọd) m (Devanagari द्वद)
* milk

### References

* S. K. Toshakhani, J. Lal Kaul, Mohiuddin Hajni, Prithvi Nath Pushp, Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980) Kashir Dictionary Vol 3‎ (in Kashmiri), volume 3, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 277
# граждан
## Bashkir
### Etymology

From Russian граждани́н (graždanín, “citizen”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡräʐ.dän]
* Hyphenation: граж‧дан

### Noun

граждан • (grajdan)
* citizen
    Сит ил граждандары.Sit il grajdandarı.Foreign citizens.

#### Declension
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Possibly a back-formation from гражданка (hraždanka), гражданство (hraždanstvo) or the nominative plural form гражданє (hraždanje), which would explain the deviation from expected *гражданин (*hraždanin). Alternatively, a learned borrowing from Old Church Slavonic гражданъ (graždanŭ), possibly via Carpathian Rusyn граждан (hraždan), гражданин (hraždanyn). Compare Bulgarian гра́жданин (gráždanin), Russian граждани́н (graždanín) and Serbo-Croatian грађанин / građanin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦraʒdan]
* Rhymes: -aʒdan
* Hyphenation: граж‧дан

### Noun

граждан (hraždan) m pers (feminine equivalent гражданка, related adjective граждански)
* citizen

#### Usage notes

* Nominally, a distinction is made between citizen (“inhabitant of a city or town; burgher”) and citizen (“inhabitant of a state or country”), with the latter being represented in Pannonian Rusyn as державян (deržavjan), also with the sense of "countryman". In practice, граждан (hraždan) is commonly used for both senses, making phrases such as гражданє Сербиї (hraždanje Serbiji, “citizens of Serbia”) not only possible, but substantially more common than, say, державянє (Републики) Сербиї (deržavjanje (Republiki) Serbiji). The latter appears to be used more often in legal writings or rules and regulations of competitions, and as such the use of державян (deržavjan) may be perceived as more formal, if not bookish.

#### Related terms

* гражданство n (hraždanstvo)
* малограждан m pers (malohraždan)
* сограждан m pers (sohraždan)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “граждан”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “citizen”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 55

## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡraʐdən]

### Noun

гра́ждан • (gráždan) m anim pl
* genitive/accusative plural of граждани́н (graždanín)
# pilivesat
## Albanian
### Noun

pilivesat
* definite nominative/accusative plural of pilivesë
# moncong bulo
## Makasar
### Etymology

moncong (“colour”) +‎ bulo (“bamboo”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌmoɲcomˈbulo/

### Noun

moncong bulo (Lontara spelling ᨆᨚᨌᨚ ᨅᨘᨒᨚ)
* green (color/colour)
# sleeping sickness
## English
### Noun

sleeping sickness (usually uncountable, plural sleeping sicknesses)
* (pathology) Any of several diseases of which lethargy is a major symptom:
** Especially, African sleeping sickness, an endemic infectious disease of humans and animals in tropical Africa, caused by a parasitic trypanosome.
** Animal trypanosomiasis.
** Eastern equine encephalitis, caused by a zoonotic alphavirus and arbovirus present in North, Central and South America and the Caribbean.
** Encephalitis lethargica, a form of encephalitis, of unknown cause, that swept the world in the 1920s.

#### Synonyms

* (African sleeping sickness): African trypanosomiasis, negro lethargy (archaic), sleepy distemper (archaic)

#### Further reading

* sleeping sickness on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# شب چله زمستان
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* شب چله‌ی زمستان (šab-i čilla-yi zimistān / šab-e čelle-ye zemestân) (ye instead of hamza)
* شب چله‌ی زمستون (šab-e čelle-ye zemestun), شب چلهٔ زمستون (šab-e čelle-ye zemestun) (colloquial, Tehrani)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ˈʃa.βi t͡ʃil.ˈla.ji zi.mis.ˈtɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃǽ.bɪ t͡ʃʰɪl.lǽ.jɪ zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃǽ.bɪ t͡ʃʰɪl.lǽ.jɪ zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃǽ.bɪ t͡ʃʰɪl.lǽ.jɪ zɪ.mɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃǽ.bi t͡ʃʰil.lǽ.ji zi.mis.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃǽ.be t͡ʃʰel.ˈle.je ze.mes.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃǽ.bi t͡ʃʰil.lǽ.ji zi.mis.t̪ʰɔ́n]

### Noun

شب چله زمستان • (šab-i čilla-yi zimistān / šab-e čelle-ye zemestân)
* The night of midwinter.

#### Related terms

* شب یلدا (šab-i yaldā / šab-e yaldâ)
* شب چلهٔ تابستان (šab-i čilla-yi tābistān / šab-e čelle-ye tâbestân)
# ابسن
## Malay
### Adjective

ابسن
* Jawi spelling of absen‎.
# valgajos
## Latvian
### Adjective

valgajos
* definite locative masculine plural of valgs
# सुराई
## Old Awadhi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit शूर (śūra) + -आई (-āī).

### Noun

सुराई (surāī)
* valour, show of prowess
** c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Rāmacaritamānasa :भृगुसुत समुझि जनेउ बिलोकी। जो कछु कहहु सहउँ रिस रोकी॥ सुर महिसुर हरिजन अरु गाई। हमरें कुल इन्ह पर न सुराई॥॥bhṛgusuta samujhi janeu bilokī. jo kachu kahahu sahaüm̐ risa rokī. sura mahisura harijana aru gāī. hamareṃ kula inha para na surāī..Recognizing thee as Bhrigu's descendant, and marking thy sacred thread, whatsoever thou utterest, I endure, restraining mine wrath. Upon the gods, holy sages, devotees of Hari, and the sacred cow, our lineage showeth not its valour.
# Churu
## English
### Proper noun

Churu
* A district of Rajasthan, India.
* A city in Churu district, Rajasthan, India.
# док
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English dock.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dɔk]
* Hyphenation: док

### Noun

док • (dok) m (plural докови)
* dock, dockside, wharf

#### Declension
##### Related terms

* докер m (doker)

### References

* “док” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

## Pannonian Rusyn
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɔk]
* Rhymes: -ɔk
* Hyphenation: док

### Etymology 1

Likely borrowed from Serbo-Croatian док / dok.

#### Conjunction

док (dok)
* while, as long as
* until, till
* while, whereas

### Etymology 2

Internationalism, ultimately from English dock.

#### Noun

док (dok) m inan
* dock, wharf

##### Declension
### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “док”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy

## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dok]
* Homophones: дог

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

док • (dok) m inan (genitive до́ка, nominative plural до́ки, genitive plural до́ков)
* dock

##### Related terms

* докер (doker)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

док • (dok) m anim pl
* genitive/accusative plural of до́ка (dóka)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do kъ, as if from до̏ + к.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dôk/

#### Conjunction

до̏к (Latin spelling dȍk)
* while, as long as
    док је чов(ј)ек млад, не брине о здрављу ― while one is young, he doesn't care about health
* until, till
    овдј(е) ћу чекати док се она не врати ― I'll wait here until she returns
* while, whereas
    ми се бринемо за кућу, док је њему свеједно ― we worry about the house, while he doesn't care at all

##### Synonyms

* (until): до́кле̄

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English dock.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dôk/

#### Noun

до̏к m (Latin spelling dȍk)
* dock, wharf
    сухи/суви док ― dry dock

##### Declension
### References

* “док”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* “док”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* “док”, in Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика (in Serbo-Croatian), Друго фототипско издање edition, volume 1, Нови Сад, Загреб: Матица српска, Матица хрватска, 1967–1976, published 1990, page 717
# lungtian
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* luntian

### Etymology

Exact etymology is unknown. Possibilities are either:
* Clipping of halungtiyang. Compare Kapampangan aluntiang.
* From lungti +‎ -an, with lunti said to be Chinese in origin or possibly related to Proto-Philippine *luh(ə)naw.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /luŋˈtiʔan/ [lʊn̪ˈt̪iː.ʔɐn̪], (now uncommon) /luŋtiˈʔan/ [lʊn̪.t̪ɪˈʔan̪]
* Rhymes: -iʔan, (now uncommon) -an
* Syllabification: lung‧ti‧an

### Noun

lungtian or lungtián (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜈ᜔)
* green (color/colour)
    Synonyms: berde, lungti, halungtiyang

### Adjective

lungtian or lungtián (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜅ᜔ᜆᜒᜀᜈ᜔)
* green (color/colour)
    Synonyms: berde, lungti, halungtiyang
* greenish
    Synonym: maberde-berde

#### Derived terms

* Rebolusyong Lungtian

#### See also

Colors in Tagalog · kulay (layout · text) :
| puti | abo, gris | itim |
| pula; krimson, pulang-pula | kahel; kayumanggi | dilaw; krema |
| kulay-dayap | lungti, lungtian, berde | |
| turkesa | bughaw-langit, asul | bughaw, asul |
| lila, biyoleta; nila, tayom | mahenta; ube, morado, haban, purpura | rosas, kalimbahin |

### Further reading

* “lungtian”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* Guillermo, Alice (1992) Color in Philippine Life and Art‎, Cultural Center of the Philippines

### Anagrams

* tulingan
# ħażen
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈħa.zɛn/

### Etymology 1

From Arabic حُزْن (ḥuzn). For the semantics compare ħażin.

#### Noun

ħażen m
* evil, wickedness
* craftiness

### Etymology 2

From Arabic خَزَنَ (ḵazana).

#### Verb

ħażen (imperfect jaħżen, past participle maħżun, verbal noun ħżin or ħażn)
* to store, stock
* to pickle

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3

From Arabic حَزَنَ (ḥazana).

#### Verb

ħażen (imperfect jiħżan, verbal noun ħżin) (obsolete)
* to mourn, to put on mourning
* to show respect to someone
# Cornelius
## English
### Etymology

From Latin Cornēlius.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /kɔɹˈniliəs/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɔːˈniːlɪəs/
* Hyphenation: Cor‧ne‧lius
* Rhymes: -iːliəs

### Proper noun

Cornelius
* A male given name from Latin.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 10:1-2:There was a certain man in Cesarea called Cornelius, a centurion of the band called the Italian band, A devout man, and one that feared God with all his house, which gave much alms to the people, and prayed to God alway.
** 2014, Joyce Carol Oates, Carthage, Fourth Estate, →ISBN, page 213:The intern will not call me 'Cornelius―(in fact, that dowdy old name isn't my actual name nor, at the present time, my nom de guerre)―but 'Dr. Hinton*―or 'sir'―will do.

#### Usage notes

* Name of early Christian saints with a medieval cult in the Low Countries. The name has remained rather rare in English.
* Cornelius has been used as an anglicization of Conchobhar in Ireland.

#### Related terms

* feminine form: Cornelia

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* inclosure, reclusion, suriclone

## Latin
### Etymology

Possibly related to cornū (“horn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /korˈneː.li.us/, [kɔrˈneːlʲiʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /korˈne.li.us/, [korˈnɛːlius]

### Proper noun

Cornēlius m (genitive Cornēliī or Cornēlī, feminine Cornēlia); second declension
* An old Roman gens name.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Derived terms

* Cornēlĭānus

#### Related terms

* Cornēlia

#### Descendants

* Catalan: Corneli
* French: Corneille
* Italian: Cornelio
* Portuguese: Cornélio
* Romanian: Corneliu
* Spanish: Cornelio

### References

* “Cornelius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Cornelius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# valgajā
## Latvian
### Adjective

valgajā
* definite locative masculine/feminine singular of valgs
# gjahu
## Albanian
### Noun

gjahu
* inflection of gjah:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite dative/genitive/ablative singular
# Bonifacio
## English
### Etymology

From Italian Bonifacio, from Late Latin Bonifātius, named after Boniface II of Tuscany. Doublet of Boniface.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌboʊniˈfɑːʃoʊ/, enPR: bō'nē-fäʹchō
* (UK) IPA: /bəʊniːˈfɑːtʃəʊ/
* Rhymes: -ɑːtʃəʊ

### Proper noun

Bonifacio
* A city and commune of the Corse-du-Sud department, Corsica, France.

#### Derived terms

* Andres Bonifacio
* Bonifacio Day
* Strait of Bonifacio

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Bonifacio, Corsica on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian Bonifacio, from Late Latin Bonifātius, named after Boniface II of Tuscany. Doublet of Boniface.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔ.ni.fa.sjo/
* Rhymes: -o

### Proper noun

Bonifacio m
* Bonifacio (a city and commune of the Corse-du-Sud department, Corsica)

#### Derived terms

* bonifacien; Bonifacien m, Bonifacienne f
* Bouches de Bonifacio f pl

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* Bonifazio m (given name)

### Etymology

From Late Latin Bonifātius (literally “the one with a good fate”). The city was named named after Boniface II of Tuscany (?–838).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bo.niˈfa.t͡ʃo/
* Rhymes: -atʃo
* Hyphenation: Bo‧ni‧fà‧cio

### Proper noun

Bonifacio m
* (masculine) a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Boniface
* (feminine) Bonifacio (a city and commune of the Corse-du-Sud department, Corsica)

#### Derived terms

* Bocche di Bonifacio f pl
* bonifacino

### Anagrams

* cinofobia

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /boniˈfaθjo/ [bo.niˈfa.θjo]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /boniˈfasjo/ [bo.niˈfa.sjo]
* Rhymes: -aθjo
* Rhymes: -asjo
* Syllabification: Bo‧ni‧fa‧cio

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Late Latin Bonifātius (literally “the one with a good fate”).

#### Proper noun

Bonifacio m
* a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Boniface

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Italian Bonifacio, from Late Latin Bonifātius, named after Boniface II of Tuscany.

#### Proper noun

Bonifacio f
* Bonifacio (a city and commune of the Corse-du-Sud department, Corsica)

##### Derived terms

* estrecho de Bonifacio m

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Bonifacio, from Late Latin Bonifātius (literally “the one with a good fate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /boniˈfasjo/ [bo.n̪ɪˈfaː.ʃo]
** IPA: (more native-sounding) /boniˈpasjo/ [bo.n̪ɪˈpaː.ʃo], (more native-sounding, no yod coalescence) /boniˈpasjo/ [bo.n̪ɪˈpas.jo]
* Rhymes: -asjo
* Syllabification: Bo‧ni‧fac‧io

### Proper noun

Bonifacio (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜈᜒᜉᜐ᜔ᜌᜓ)
* a surname from Spanish [in turn transferred from the given name]
* Andrés Bonifacio (1863–1897, Filipino revolutionary and politician)
* (usually dated) a male given name from Spanish, equivalent to English Boniface
# sewing
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈsəʊɪŋ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈsoʊɪŋ/
* Rhymes: -əʊɪŋ
* Homophone: sowing

### Etymology 1

From sew +‎ -ing.

#### Verb

sewing
* present participle and gerund of sew

### Etymology 2

From Middle English sewinge, seuinge, seuwinge (“sewing”), equivalent to sew +‎ -ing.

#### Noun

sewing (countable and uncountable, plural sewings)
* The action of the verb to sew.
* Something that is being or has been sewn.
    She put down her sewing and went to answer the door.
    The sewing has come undone on this seam.
** 1922, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob's Room:Mrs. Flanders had left her sewing on the table. There were her large reels of white cotton and her steel spectacles; her needle-case; her brown wool wound round an old postcard.

##### Derived terms

* sewing circle
* sewing kit
* sewing lounge
* sewing machine
* sewing needle
* sewing room
* Smyth sewing

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* swinge, Winges, Wigens, Wenigs, winges
# 小吃
## Chinese

* xiaochi (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiǎochī
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄔ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^2$ hek$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$shiau-chiq / $^5$siau$_3$-chiq$_7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiǎochī
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄔ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siǎochih
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^3$-chʻih$^1$
*** Yale: syǎu-chr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheauchy
*** Palladius: сяочи (sjaoči)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^2$ hek$^3$
*** Yale: síu hek
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^2$ hek$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^2$ hég$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯³⁵ hɛːk̚³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$shiau-chiq
*** MiniDict: shiau$^去$ chih
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$xiau-qiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ³³ t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^5$siau$_3$-chiq$_7$
*** MiniDict: siau$^上$ chih$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /siæ⁵² t͡ɕʰiɪʔ³³/

### Noun

小吃
* simple dish
    街頭小吃／街头小吃 ― jiētóu xiǎochī ― street food
    小吃店 ― xiǎochī diàn ― small restaurant, local eatery
* delicacy
    沙縣小吃／沙县小吃 ― Shāxiàn xiǎochī ― Shaxian delicacies
* snack food (something eaten outside of normal meals, may be substantial or filling)
    風味小吃／风味小吃 ― fēngwèi xiǎochī ― local snack
* (chiefly Western cuisine) cold dish

#### Synonyms

* 小食 (xiǎoshí)
* (Hokkien) 小點／小点

#### Derived terms

* 名小吃 (míngxiǎochī)
* 小吃攤 / 小吃摊 (xiǎochītān)
* 小吃部
# valganai
## Latvian
### Adjective

valganai
* dative feminine singular of valgans
# kaʼmuru
## Makasar
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaʔˈmuru/, [kʰaʔ.ˈmũ.ru]
* Hyphenation: kaʼ‧mu‧ru

### Noun

kaʼmuru (Lontara spelling ᨀᨆᨘᨑᨘ)
* (anatomy) nose
* bumps on a pineapple fruit

#### Compounds

* batang kaʼmuru
* bulu kaʼmuru
* cappaʼ kaʼmuru
* kaliʼbong kaʼmuru
* kaʼmuru bukkuʼ
* kaʼmuru ciduʼ
* kaʼmuru leppaʼ
* kaʼmuru poʼnyaʼ
* tai kaʼmuru

### Further reading

* Cense, A. A. (1979) Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek, 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
# -alis
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* -āris, -ēlis, -īlis, -ūlis

### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *-ālis, which also later dissimilated into an early version of -āris (e.g., mīlitāris). Perhaps connected to *h₂el- (“to grow”) (cf. the sense of indolēs, from this root).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /aː.lis/, [äːlʲɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /a.lis/, [älis]

### Suffix

-ālis (neuter -āle); third-declension two-termination suffix
* Suffixed to nouns or numerals creating adjectives of relationship.
    ‎anima (“breath”) + ‎-ālis → ‎animālis (“animate, living”)
    ‎crūra (“legs”) + ‎-ālis → ‎crūrālis (“pertaining to the leg, crural”)
    ‎pedēs (“feet”) + ‎-ālis → ‎pedālis (“pertaining to the foot”)
    ‎duo (“two”) + ‎-ālis → ‎duālis (“dual”)
    ‎rēx (“king, ruler”) + ‎-ālis → ‎rēgālis (“regal, royal”)
    ‎nātūra (“nature”) + ‎-ālis → ‎nātūrālis (“natural”)
* Suffixed to adjectives creating adjectives with an intensified meaning.
    ‎aequus (“equal in a given quality; even, level”) + ‎-ālis → ‎aequālis (“equal in every respect, identical in value; uniform, unvarying”)
    ‎aeternus (“having finite but long duration as if pertaining to an aetas; lasting”) + ‎-ālis → ‎aeternālis (“having infinite duration; everlasting, infinite”)
    ‎līber (“free, independent, unrestricted; open, unbiased”) + ‎-ālis → ‎līberālis (“advocating and promoting personal freedom; bountiful, generous”)
    ‎socius (“associating, sharing, partaking”) + ‎-ālis → ‎sociālis (“companionable; allied, confederate”)

#### Usage notes

The suffix -ālis is added (usually, but not exclusively) to a noun or numeral to form an adjective of relationship to that noun. When suffixed to an existing adjective, the effect is and to intensify the adjectival meaning, and often to narrow the semantic field. If the root word ends in -l or -lis, -āris is generally used instead. Sometimes both forms are found; e.g., līneālis and līneāris.

#### Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

#### Derived terms

* -ālia

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: -alji, -alj
* Catalan: -al, -alla
* → English: -al
* French: -aille
* French: -el
** → Danish: -el
** → Dutch: -eel
*** Afrikaans: -eel
*** → Indonesian: -il
** → German: -ell
** → Norwegian Bokmål: -ell
** → Norwegian Nynorsk: -ell
** → Swedish: -ell
** → Turkish: -sel
** → Yiddish: ־על (-el)
* → French: -al
** Norwegian Bokmål: -al
** → Turkish: -al
* Friulian: -âl, -ae
* Galician: -al
* → German: -al
* → Interlingua: -al
* Italian: -aglia
* Italian: -ale
** → Maltese: -ali
* Occitan: -al, -alha
* → Polish: -alny (adapted)
* Portuguese: -al, -alha
* Romanian: -aie, -ai
* Sicilian: -ali
* Spanish: -al
* Venetan: -al, -aja, -agia
* → Welsh: -ol