# 山西
## Chinese

* 山西 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 山西 (Cantonese)
* 山西 (Classical)
* 山西 (Gan)
* Sân-sî (Hakka)
* Săng-să̤ (Eastern Min)
* Soaⁿ-sai (Southern Min)
* 山西 (Wu)
* Shanxi (English)

### Etymology
#### Shanxi

    From the position of the province's central Fen River valley west of the Taihang Mountains.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Shānxī
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ ㄒㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saan$^1$ sai$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Sân-sî
    (Meixian, Guangdong): san$^1$ xi$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Săng-să̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Soaⁿ-sai / Soaⁿ-se
    (Teochew, Peng'im): suan$^1$ sai$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$se-shi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Shānxī
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ ㄒㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Shansi
*** Wade–Giles: Shan$^1$-hsi$^1$
*** Yale: Shān-syī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shanshi
*** Palladius: Шаньси (Šanʹsi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saan$^1$ sai$^1$
*** Yale: sāan sāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saan$^1$ sai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: san$^1$ sei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sân-sî
*** Hakka Romanization System: san$^ˊ$ xi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: san$^1$ xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /san²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: san$^1$ xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /san⁴⁴ si⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Săng-să̤
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ⁵⁵ $^{(s-)}$nɛ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Soaⁿ-sai
*** Tâi-lô: Suann-sai
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svoasay
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /suã³³ sai³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suã⁴⁴⁻²² sai⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Soaⁿ-se
*** Tâi-lô: Suann-se
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svoasef
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suã⁴⁴⁻³³ se⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: suan$^1$ sai$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suaⁿ sai
*** Sinological IPA : /sũã³³⁻²³ sai³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$se-shi
*** MiniDict: se$^平$ shi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$se-xi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/
* Middle Chinese: srean sej
Rime :
| Character | 山 | 西 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 山 (73) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | IV |
| Fanqie | 所閒切 | 先稽切 |
| Baxter | srean | sej |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛn/ | /sei/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæn/ | /sei/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃæn/ | /sɛi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨn/ | /sɛj/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɛn/ | /sei/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃæn/ | /siei/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂăn/ | /siei/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shān | xī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saan$^1$ | sai$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ŋrar s-nˤər/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sreːn sɯːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 山 | 西 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shān | xī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srɛn › | ‹ sej › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-ŋrar/ | /*s-nˁər/ |
| English | mountain, hill | west |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 山 | 西 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11052 | 13236 |
| Phonetic component | 山 | 西 |
| Rime group | 元 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 山 | 西 |
| Old Chinese | /*sreːn/ | /*sɯːl/ |

### Proper noun

山西
* (～省) Shanxi (a province in the northern part of China)
* (historical, specifically) A geographical area the to the west of the Taihang Mountains
* (historical, specifically) A geographical area to the west of Mount Hua

### Noun

山西
* west of the mountain (in general)

### Related terms

* 山東／山东 (Shāndōng)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 山 | 西 |
| さん Grade: 1 | せい Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

#### Proper noun

山(さん)西(せい) • (Sansei)
* Shanxi (a province in the northern part of China)

##### Descendants

* → English: Shanxi
* → Manchu: ᠰᠠᠨᠰᡳ (sansi)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 山 | 西 |
| やま Grade: 1 | にし Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Proper noun

山(やま)西(にし) • (Yamanishi)
* a surname

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 山 | 西 |

### Proper noun

山西 • (Sanseo) (hangeul 산서)
* hanja form of 산서 : Shanxi (a province in the northern part of China)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 山 | 西 |

### Proper noun

山西
* chữ Hán form of Sơn Tây.:
** Shanxi (a province in the northern part of China)
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