# root
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: ro͞ot, IPA: /ɹuːt/
** Audio (General American):(file)
** Audio (General Australian):(file)
* (Scotland, Northern Ireland) IPA: /ɹʉt/
* (Midwestern US) IPA: /ɹʊt/
** Audio (Midwestern US):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːt, -ʊt
* Homophones: route (some pronunciations), rute

### Etymology 1

From Middle English rote, root, roote (“the underground part of a plant”), from late Old English rōt, from Old Norse rót (Icelandic rót), from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”); Doublet of wort, radish, and radix.

#### Noun

root (countable and uncountable, plural roots)
* The part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction.
    Hyponym: taproot
    This tree's roots can go as deep as twenty metres underground.
** 1981, Frank Herbert, God Emperor of Dune‎, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 6:A root caught Ulot's left foot and he almost fell.
* A root vegetable.
** 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:[...] two fields which should have been sown with roots in the early summer were not sown because the ploughing had not been completed early enough.
* The part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place.
    Root damage is a common problem of overbrushing.
* The part of a hair under the skin that holds the hair in place.
    The root is the only part of the hair that is alive.
* The part of a hair near the skin that has not been dyed, permed, or otherwise treated.
    He dyed his hair black last month, so the grey roots can be seen.
* (figurative) The primary source; origin.
    Synonyms: basis, origin, source
    The love of money is the root of all evil.
** 1689 December (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], Two Treatises of Government: […], London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC:, Book 1
    They were the roots out of which sprang two distinct people.
** 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 160:Phallicism was, therefore, at the root of all religion, and was definitely the opponent of evil and darkness.
* (aviation) The section of a wing immediately adjacent to the fuselage.
* (engineering) The bottom of the thread of a threaded object.
    Antonym: crest
    The root diameter is the minor diameter of an external thread and the major diameter of an internal one.
* (arithmetic) Of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.
    Hyponyms: cube root, functional root, square root
    The cube root of 27 is 3.
* (arithmetic) A square root (understood if no power is specified; in which case, "the root of" is often abbreviated to "root").
    Multiply by root 2.
** 1899, Dante Gabriel Rossetti (transl.), The New Life (La Vita Nuova) of Dante Alighieri, Siddall edition, page 122.
    The number three is the root of the number nine; […] being multiplied merely by itself, it produceth nine, as we manifestly perceive that three times three are nine.
* (mathematical analysis) A zero (of an equation).
    Synonym: zero
    Antonym: pole
    Holonym: kernel
* (graph theory, computing) The single node of a tree that has no parent.
* (linguistic morphology) The primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Inflectional stems often derive from roots.
    Coordinate term: stem
** 1530 July 18, Iohan Palſgrave, “The Introduction”, in Leſclarciſſement de la langue francoyſe […] ‎, London: Richard Pynſon, Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, page 32; reprinted as Lesclarcissement de la langue françoyse, Genève: Slatkine Reprints, 1972:In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation / I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes […]
** 2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 12:A considerable number of derived nominals, especially thematic nouns, also exhibited o-grade roots.
* (linguistics) A word from which another word or words are derived.
    Synonym: etymon
* (music) The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed.
* The lowest place, position, or part.
** 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:deep to the roots of hell
** 1812, Robert Southey, Omniana:the roots of the mountains
* (computing) In UNIX terminology, the first user account with complete access to the operating system and its configuration, found at the root of the directory structure; the person who manages accounts on a UNIX system.
    Synonyms: superuser, root account, root user
    I have to log in as root before I do that.
* (computing) The highest directory of a directory structure which may contain both files and subdirectories.
    Coordinate term: home directory
    I installed the files in the root directory.
* (slang) A penis, especially the base of a penis.

##### Derived terms

* abscess root
* advanced tongue root
* aerial root
* Armillaria root disease
* Armillaria root rot
* arrow-root
* arrowroot
* bare-root
* beet root
* bellyache root
* biscuit root
* Boott's rattlesnake root
* bowman's root
* bread-root
* briar-root
* buttress-root
* cabbage root fly
* cancer root
* celery root
* characteristic root
* chaya root
* chay root
* china-root
* China root
* china root
* choy root
* complex conjugate root theorem
* cotton root rot
* Culver's root
* daisy roots
* deep-rooted
* dick root
* digital root
* dorsal root
* dorsal root ganglion
* eddy root
* ginger root
* grass roots
* grass-roots
* High John root
* jaundice root
* John the Conqueror root
* licorice root
* liquorice root
* memory root
* money is the root of all evil
* mortification root
* multiple root
* mushroom root rot
* paintroot
* papoose root
* plank root
* pleurisy root
* primitive root
* principal root
* principal square root
* put down roots
* rational root theorem
* rattlesnake root
* retracted tongue root
* rheumatism root
* root-and-branch
* root and branch
* root-and-brancher
* root around
* root bark
* root beer
* root beer float
* root-bound
* root canal
* root cap
* root cause
* root-cause
* root cellar
* root cellaring
* root disease
* root doctor
* root-fallen
* root field
* root fly
* root gap
* root hair
* rootkit
* root kit
* rootless
* root mean square
* root mean square velocity
* root morpheme
* root nodule
* root-noun
* root noun
* root of all evil
* root of scarcity
* root of unity
* root parsley
* root plant
* root position
* root pressure
* root-rocker
* root rot
* roots
* roots music
* roots reggae
* roots-reggae
* roots-rock
* roots rock
* rootsy
* root system
* root tea
* root vole
* root word
* Seneca root
* sensory root
* shaya root
* shoestring root rot
* simple root
* square root decomposition
* square root of fuck all
* squaw root
* starch-root
* stilt root
* strawberry root weevil
* strictly roots
* take root
* taproot
* Texas root rot
* the love of money is the root of all evil
* tulip root
* unicorn root
* uproot
* violet root rot
* white rattlesnake root

##### Descendants

* → Irish: rúta

##### Translations

Acehnese: ukheue
Afar: rimid
Afrikaans: wortel (af)
Aiton: please add this translation if you can
Aklanon: gamot
Albanian: rrënjë (sq) f
Arabic: جَذْر (ar) m (jaḏr)
Egyptian Arabic: جدر m (gedr)
Mesopotamian Arabic: عرگ m (ʕereg)
Moroccan Arabic: جدر m (ždər) ((plural) جدور m pl (ždur))
North Levantine Arabic: شرش m (šereš)
South Levantine Arabic: شرش m (šorš)
Aragonese: radiz (an)
Aramaic :
Classical Syriac : ܫܪܫܐ m (šeršā)
Armenian: արմատ (hy) (armat)
Aromanian: arãdãtsinã f, zãrãtsinã f, rãdãtsinã f
Asi: gamot
Assamese: শিয়া (xia), শিপা (xipa)
Asturian: raíz (ast) f
Azerbaijani: kök (az)
Bakung: lakat
Balinese: akah
Bashkir: тамыр (tamır)
Basque: sustrai, zuztar, erro
Belarusian: ко́рань (be) m (kóranʹ)
Bengali: মূল (bn) (mul)
Berber:
Tashelhit: azɣwr m
Bhojpuri: जड़ (jaṛ)
Bilba: oka
Bintulu: waka
Bulgarian: ко́рен (bg) m (kóren)
Burmese: အမြစ် (my) (a.mrac)
Butuanon: gamot
Carpathian Rusyn: ко́рїнь m (kórjinʹ)
Catalan: arrel (ca) f
Cebuano: gamot
Central Melanau: akah
Chakma: please add this translation if you can
Chamicuro: ijtishi
Chechen: орам (oram)
Cherokee: ᎤᎿᏍᏕᏜ (uhnasdedla)
Chichewa: muzu
Chinese:
Cantonese: 根 (gan$^1$)
Dungan: гын (gɨn)
Eastern Min: 根
Gan: 根 (gien$^1$)
Hakka: 根 (kîn)
Hokkien: 根 (zh-min-nan) (kin / kun)
Jin: 根 (geng$^1$)
Mandarin: 树根 (zh) (shùgēn)
Northern Min: 根 (gṳ́ing)
Wu: 根 ($^1$ken)
Xiang: 根 (gen$^1$)
Choctaw: akshish
Chuvash: тымар (tymar)
Classical Nahuatl: nelhuatl
Czech: kořen (cs) m
Dalmatian: radaica f
Danish: rod (da) c
Dhivehi: please add this translation if you can
Drung: vng'reu, shing'reu
Dutch: wortel (nl) m
Dzongkha: please add this translation if you can
Eastern Arrernte: artekerre
Eastern Cham: ꨀꨉꨩ (agha'), ꨉꨩ (gha'), ꨂꨉꨩ (ưgha')
Egyptian: (wꜣb m)
Elfdalian: ruota f
Erzya: юр (jur), юндокс (jundoks)
Esperanto: radiko (eo)
Estonian: juur (et)
Evenki: ңиңтэ
Extremaduran: please add this translation if you can
Faroese: rót (fo) f
Finnish: juuri (fi), puunjuuri (of a tree)
Franco-Provençal: please add this translation if you can
French: racine (fr) f
Friulian: lidrîs
Galician: raíz (gl) f
Ge'ez: ሥርው (śərw)
Georgian: ფესვი (pesvi), ძირი (ʒiri)
German: Wurzel (de) f, Wurzeln (de) pl
Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 f (waurts)
Greek: ρίζα (el) f (ríza)
Ancient: ῥίζα f (rhíza)
Greenlandic: sorlak
Guaraní: tapo
Haitian Creole: rasin
Hawaiian: aʻa
Hebrew: שורש (he) m (shóresh)
Higaonon: gamot
Hiligaynon: gamot
Hindi: जड़ (hi) f (jaṛ)
Hungarian: gyökér (hu)
Icelandic: rót (is) f
Indonesian: akar (id)
Ingrian: juuri
Iranun: waged
Irish: fréamh f, rúta m
Isnag: xamut
Italian: radice (it) f
Iu Mien: nzungh
Japanese: 根 (ja) (ね, ne)
Javanese: oyot (jv)
Kamarian: waar
Kambera: amu
Kannada: ಬೇರು (kn) (bēru)
Kapampangan: amut, yamut
Kashubian: kòrzéń
Kazakh: тамыр (tamyr), түбір (kk) (tübır)
Khamti: please add this translation if you can
Khmer: ឫស (km) (rɨh)
Kilivila: uula
Komi-Zyrian: вуж (vuž)
Kongo: mwanzi
Korean: 뿌리 (ko) (ppuri)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕەگ (reg)
Northern Kurdish: reg (ku) m, reh (ku) m, kok (ku) f
Kyrgyz: тамыр (ky) (tamır)
Ladin: please add this translation if you can
Lak: бакӏ (bakʼ), бакӏру (bakʼru)
Lao: ຮາກ (hāk)
Latgalian: sakne f, saknis f pl
Latin: rādīx f
Latvian: sakne (lv) f, saknes f pl
Lezgi: пун (pun)
Ligurian: radiccia f, reixe f
Linngithigh: ngkil
Lithuanian: šaknis (lt)
Livonian: jūŗ
Lombard: radis (lmo) f
Low German: Wortel f
Lü: ᦣᦱᧅ (haak)
Luhya: kumuzizi
Luxembourgish: Wuerzel f
Macedonian: корен (mk) m (koren)
Magahi: please add this translation if you can
Maguindanao: dalig, bekaw
Maithili: please add this translation if you can
Malay:
Jawi: اکر (ms)
Rumi: akar (ms)
Malayalam: വേര് (ml) (vērŭ)
Maltese: għerq m
Manchu: ᡩᠠ (da)
Maori: aka, akaaka (refers to fibrous roots)
Maranao: bekaw
Mari:
Eastern Mari: вож (vož)
Western Mari: please add this translation if you can
Mariupol Greek: ри́за f (ríza)
Middle English: rote, more
Minangkabau: ure'
Mirandese: please add this translation if you can
Moksha: юр (jur)
Mon: ရိုဟ် (mnw)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: үндэс (mn) (ündes)
Mongolian: ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ (ündüsü)
Nahuatl: nelhuatl
Nanai: дачан (dačan)
Navajo: akétłʼóól
Neapolitan: ràdeca f
Nepali: जरा (ne) (jarā)
Nias: wa'a
Norman: raichinne, réchinne
Northern Mansi: та̄р (tār)
Northern Sami: ruohtas
Northern Thai: ᩁᩣ᩠ᨠ
Norwegian:
Bokmål: rot (no) m or f
Nynorsk: rot (nn) f
Nuosu: ꐴ (njip)
Occitan: raiç (oc) f, rasic (oc) f
Odia: ଜଡି (jaḍi)
Ojibwe: ojiibik
Okinawan: 根 (にー, nī)
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: корєнь m (korenĭ), корень m (korenĭ)
Old English: wyrttruma m
Oromo: hidda, hundee
Ottoman Turkish: كوك (kök), عرق (ʿırk)
Pacoh: reaih, riêih
Palu'e: waka
Pannonian Rusyn: корень m (korenʹ)
Papiamentu: rais
Pashto: جذر (ps) m (jazr), جرړه (ps) f (járṛa)
Persian:
Dari: ریشَه (rēša)
Iranian Persian: ریشِه (riše)
Phake: please add this translation if you can
Piedmontese: rèis f, radis f
Pipil: nelwat
Polish: korzeń (pl) m
Portuguese: raiz (pt) f
Quechua: machu (qu), saphi, sapi (qu)
Rakhine: please add this translation if you can
Rapa Nui: aka
Rohingya: cém
Romagnol: radìșa f, ràdga f
Romanian: rădăcină (ro) f
Romansch: ragisch f, risch f, rieisch f
Russian: ко́рень (ru) m (kórenʹ), ко́рни (ru) m pl (kórni), (roots for cooking) коре́нья (ru) pl (korénʹja)
S'gaw Karen: အဂံၢ် (ʼa ghee̱)
Saek: ร̄าก
Sardinian: radichina f, arraighina, raichina
Sasak: akah
Scottish Gaelic: freumh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ко̏ре̄н m, ко̏рије̄н m
Roman: kȍrēn (sh) m, kȍrijēn (sh) m
Shan: ႁၢၵ်ႈ (shn) (hāak)
Sicilian: ràdica (scn) f, ràdiga (scn) f, ràrica (scn) f
Sinhalese: please add this translation if you can
Slovak: koreň m
Slovene: korenina (sl) f
Somali: xiddid (so)
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: kórjeń m
Upper Sorbian: korjeń m
Southern Altai: тамыр (tamïr), јылтыс (ǰïltïs)
Southern Kam: sangp
Southern Thai: please add this translation if you can
Spanish: raíz (es) f
Swahili: mzizi (sw)
Swedish: rot (sv) c
Sylheti: please add this translation if you can
Tagal Murut: bakat
Tagalog: urat, ugat (tl)
Tahitian: aʻa
Tai Dam: please add this translation if you can
Tai Nüa: please add this translation if you can
Tajik: реша (tg) (reša)
Talysh: rəğ
Tamil: வேர் (ta) (vēr)
Tarifit: aẓwar m
Tat: rag
Tatar: тамыр (tt) (tamır)
Tausug: gamut
Telugu: వేరు (te) (vēru)
Ternate: utu
Tetum: abut
Thai: ราก (th) (râak)
Tibetan: རྩ་བ (rtsa ba)
Tocharian B: witsako
Tokelauan: aka
Tongan: aka
Tsakonian: σχίντα f (schínta)
Turkish: kök (tr)
Turkmen: kök
Udi: тум (tum)
Udmurt: выжы (vyžy)
Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎗𐎌 (šrš)
Ukrainian: ко́рінь (uk) m (kórinʹ), корі́ння n (korínnja)
Urdu: جَڑ f (jaṛ)
Uyghur: يىلتىز (yiltiz)
Uzbek: ildiz (uz)
Venetan: raixa (vec) f, rais
Vietnamese: rễ (vi) (𣠲)
Volapük: vul (vo)
Walloon: raecene (wa) f
Welsh: gwraidd (cy) m
West Frisian: woartel (fy)
Western Cham: please add this translation if you can
White Hmong: cag
Yagnobi: риша (riša)
Yakan: gamut
Yakut: силис (silis)
Yamdena: wakar
Yiddish: וואָרצל m (vortsl)
Zande: tara
Zazaki: rêçiki
Zealandic: wortel m
Zhuang: rag
Zulu: impande class 9/10
ǃKung: daŋ
ǃXóõ: ǃkʻqái :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

##### See also

Other terms used in arithmetic operations:
* successor
* addition, summation:
    (augend) + (addend) = (total)
    (summand) + (summand) + (summand)... = (sum)
* subtraction:
    (minuend) − (subtrahend) = (difference)
* multiplication, factorization:
    (multiplier) × (multiplicand) = (product)
    (factor) × (factor) × (factor)... = (product)
* division:
    (dividend) ÷ (divisor) = (quotient)
    (numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient)
       Or sometimes = (quotient) with (remainder) remaining
* exponentiation:
    (base) = (power)
* root extraction:
    √ (radicand) = (root)
* logarithmization:
    log$_{(base)}$ (antilogarithm) = (logarithm)
Advanced hyperoperations: tetration, pentation, hexation

#### Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)
* To grow roots; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.
    The cuttings are starting to root.
** 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:In deep grounds the weeds root the deeper.
** 2014 October 26, Jeff Howell, “Is the Japanese knotweed threat exaggerated? Our troubleshooter calls for calm about Japanese knotweed in the garden – and moss on the roof [print version: Don't panic about an overhyped invasion, 25 October 2014, p. P13]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Property)‎:Some old, underfired clay pantiles might be damaged by button mosses rooting in cracks and fissures. But most post-war tiles are hard enough to withstand a bit of moss growth.
* To prepare, oversee, or otherwise cause the rooting of cuttings.
    We rooted some cuttings last summer.
* To fix firmly; to establish.
** 1823, Gilbert Burnet, The Life of Sir Matthew Hale, Knt., Sometime Lord Chief Justice of His Majesty's Court of King's-Bench:If any irregularity chanced to intervene and to cause misapprehensions, he gave them not leave to root and fasten by concealment.
** 1981 April 18, Michael Bronski, “Good Production — Bad Play”, in Gay Community News, page 10:Small theater companies come and go very quickly — many times after one show — but community response to Triangle has been strong, and there is a good chance that they will make it through those early growing stages and firmly root.
** 2020 October 15, Frank Pasquale, “‘Machines set loose to slaughter’: the dangerous rise of military AI”, in The Guardian‎:Massacres that take place during war often seem to be rooted in irrational emotion.
* (computing slang, transitive) To get root or privileged access on (a computer system or mobile phone), often through bypassing some security mechanism.
    Synonym: (mobile phone) jailbreak
    We rooted his box and planted a virus on it.
    I want to root my Android phone so I can remove the preinstalled crapware.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English wrōten (“to dig with the snout”), from Old English wrōtan, from Proto-West Germanic *wrōtan, from Proto-Germanic *wrōtaną (“to dig out, to root”). Related to Old English wrōt (“snout; trunk”). Loss of initial w- probably due to influence from the related noun (Etymology 1).

#### Alternative forms

* wrout, rout (dialectal)
* wroot (obsolete)

#### Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)
* (ambitransitive) To turn up or dig with the snout.
    A pig roots the earth for truffles.
** c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.:
    Such tunges ſhuld be torne out by the harde rootes, Hoyning like hogges that groynis and wrotes.
* (by extension) To seek favour or advancement by low arts or grovelling servility; to fawn.
** c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:Thou elvish-marked, abortive, rooting hog!
* (intransitive) To rummage; to search as if by digging in soil.
    Synonyms: dig out, root out, rummage
    rooting about in a junk-filled drawer
* (intransitive) Of a baby: to turn the head and open the mouth in search of food.
** 2016, Rachel Waddilove, The Baby Book: How to enjoy year one: revised and updated, page 179:When your baby is rooting, his head will turn to the side and he will open and close his mouth. If you put your finger in your baby's hand, she has a grasping reflex that makes her curl her fingers around yours and hold on.
* (transitive) To root out; to abolish.
** 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:I will go root away the noisome weeds.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Deuteronomy 29:28:The Lord rooted them out of their land [...] and cast them into another land.
* (equestrianism, of a horse) To tug or pull at the reins aggressively by driving the head downwards while wearing a bit.
* (Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, vulgar, slang) To sexually penetrate.
    Synonyms: screw, bang, (US) drill, (British) shag; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

##### Usage notes

* The Australian/New Zealand sexual sense is somewhat milder than fuck but still quite coarse, and certainly not for polite conversation. The sexual sense will often be understood, unless care is taken with the context to make the rummage sense clear, or root through or root around is used. The past participle rooted is equivalent to fucked in the figurative sense of broken or tired, but rooting has only the direct verbal sense; it is not an all-purpose intensive like fucking.

##### Derived terms

* root about
* rooted
* rooter
* root for
* rootle
* root out
* root up
* underroot

##### Translations
#### Noun

root (plural roots)
* An act of rummaging or searching.
** 2002, Tom Reilly, Hollow Be Thy Name, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN:It was always sensible to get off the busy streets if you were going to have a root inside your girlfriend's bra.
** 2011 August 1, Bernard Knight, According to the Evidence, Severn House Publishers Ltd, →ISBN:It'll come to me eventually, but I think I'll go over to Bristol tomorrow afternoon and have a root through the medical school library.
** 2016 January 20, Joan Smith, The Virgin and the Unicorn, Belgrave House, →ISBN:It was not likely a tapestry over two hundred feet long and twenty inches wide was in the dustbin, but Pavel took a root through Laurent's dustbin anyway, just because it was there.
* (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang) An act of sexual intercourse.
    Synonyms: (UK, US) screw, (UK) shag; see also Thesaurus:copulation
    Fancy a root?
** 2018, Melissa Lucashenko, Too Much Lip, University of Queensland Press, published 2023, page 113:Ken was in the good mood he'd been in for weeks. Nothing like a regular root to turn him into the jolly green giant.
* (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang) A sexual partner.
    Synonym: (US) screw

##### Usage notes

* The Australian/New Zealand sexual sense of root is somewhat milder than fuck but still quite coarse, certainly not for polite conversation. The normal usage is to have a root or similar.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

Possibly an alteration of rout (“to make a loud noise”), influenced by hoot.

#### Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)
* (intransitive, with "for" or "on", US) To cheer (on); to show support (for) and hope for the success of. (See root for.) [late 19th century]
    Synonyms: (Australia, New Zealand) barrack, cheer on
    I'm rooting for you, don't let me down!
** 1908, Jack Norworth, Take Me Out to the Ball Game:Let me root, root, root for the home team,

##### Translations
### References

* ↑ 1817, Thomas Busby, A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical

### Anagrams

* Toor, Toro, roto, roto-, toro, troo

## Chinese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English root.

### Verb

root
* (computing slang) to root (an Android device) (to get root or privileged access)
       Zhè bù shǒujī root hòu bù bǎoxiū. [Pinyin]
       This mobile phone will not be guaranteed if it is rooted.

#### See also

* 越獄／越狱 (yuèyù, “to jailbreak”)

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

root m (plural roots)
* (computing) root

## German Low German
### Alternative forms

* raud
* rauth
* rod, rood
* rot, roth

### Etymology

From Old Saxon rōd, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Dutch rood, German rot, West Frisian read, English red, Danish rød.

### Adjective

root (comparative röder, superlative röödst)
* red

#### Declension
## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch rōt, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.

### Adjective

rôot
* red

#### Descendants

* Dutch: rood
** Afrikaans: rooi
** Jersey Dutch: rôi
** Negerhollands: rooi, ro, roo, rood
** Skepi Creole Dutch: aro
* Limburgish: roead

### Further reading

* “root”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “root (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

root
* Alternative form of rote (“root”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

root
* Alternative form of rote (“habit”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

root
* Alternative form of rot

## Plautdietsch
### Etymology

From Middle Low German rōt, from Old Saxon rōd.

### Adjective

root
* red

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English root.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁut͡ʃ/ [ˈhut͡ʃ], /ˈʁu.t͡ʃi/ [ˈhu.t͡ʃi]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁut͡ʃ/ [ˈhut͡ʃ], /ˈʁu.t͡ʃi/ [ˈhu.t͡ʃi]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁut͡ʃ/ [ˈχut͡ʃ], /ˈʁu.t͡ʃi/ [ˈχu.t͡ʃi]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁut͡ʃ/ [ˈhut͡ʃ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʁut/

### Noun

root m (plural roots)
* (computing) root (user with complete access to the operating system)