# 以後
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yǐhòu
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄏㄡˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yi$^3$ hou$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йиху (yihu, II-III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^5$ hau$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yî-heu
    (Hailu, HRS): rhi$^ˋ$ heu$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yi$^1$ hêu$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): ǐ-hē
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): í-ǎu / í-āu / í-hiǒ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): in$^2$ ao$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$i-gheu; $^1$i $^6$gheu / $^1$i$_3$-gheu$_6$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i$^3$ hou$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǐhòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄏㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǐhòu
*** Wade–Giles: i$^3$-hou$^4$
*** Yale: yǐ-hòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiihow
*** Palladius: ихоу (ixou)
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yi$^3$ hou$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ixou
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵³ xəu²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йиху (yihu, II-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹ xou⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^5$ hau$^6$
*** Yale: yíh hauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^5$ hau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^5$ heo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː¹³ hɐu̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$以後 / 以后 爾後 / 尔后
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-heu
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˊ$ heu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ heu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-heu
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˊ$ heu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ heu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhi$^ˋ$ heu$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒi⁵³ heu³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yi$^1$ hêu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i⁴⁴⁻³⁵ heu⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǐ-hē
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹ xe⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-ǎu
*** Tâi-lô: í-ǎu
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ au²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-āu
*** Tâi-lô: í-āu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: yau
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ au²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ au³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ au³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-hiǒ
*** Tâi-lô: í-hiǒ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hio²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: in$^2$ ao$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: íⁿ ău
*** Sinological IPA : /ĩ⁵²⁻³⁵ au³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$i-gheu; $^1$i $^6$gheu
*** MiniDict: i$^平$ gheu; i$^平$ gheu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$i-hheu; $^1$i $^3$hheu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /i⁵⁵ ɦɤ²¹/, /i⁴⁴ ɦɤ²³/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$i$_3$-gheu$_6$
*** MiniDict: i$^上$ gheu$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /i⁴⁴ ɦøy/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: i$^3$ hou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁴¹ xəu̯²¹⁻¹¹/

### Noun

以後
* afterwards
       Gǎigé Kāifàng yǐhòu, Zhōngguó chǎnpǐn zhújiàn zǒuxiàng le shìjiè. [Pinyin]
       After China's reform and opening up to the world, its products have received global recognition.
       Tā dào le Běijīng yǐhòu tiāntiān cèng wǒ de fàn. [Pinyin]
       After he arrived in Beijing, he freeloaded from me every day.
* after this; from now on; henceforth; in the future
       Lǎoshī, wǒ yǐhòu kěyǐ jīngcháng guòlái xiàng nín tǎojiào ma? [Pinyin]
       Teacher, can I seek more advice from you in the future?

#### Synonyms

* (afterwards): 而後／而后 (érhòu)
* (after this):
* 今後 / 今后 (jīnhòu)
* 嗣後 / 嗣后 (sìhòu) (literary)
* 往後 / 往后 (wǎnghòu)
* 從今以後 / 从今以后 (cóngjīn yǐhòu)
* 從今往後 / 从今往后 (cóngjīn wǎnghòu)
* 從此 / 从此 (cóngcǐ)
* 從此以後 / 从此以后 (cóngcǐ yǐhòu)
* 從這起 / 从这起 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 從際起 / 从际起 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 日後 / 日后 (rìhòu)
* 此後 / 此后 (cǐhòu)
* 爾後 / 尔后 (ěrhòu) (literary)
* 自今 (zìjīn) (literary)
* 自後 / 自后 (zìhòu) (Classical Chinese)
* 自此 (zìcǐ)
* 自茲 / 自兹 (zìzī) (literary)
* 趕後兒 / 赶后儿 (gǎnhòur) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 過後兒 / 过后儿 (guòhòur) (Beijing Mandarin)

#### Derived terms

* 從此以後 / 从此以后 (cóngcǐ yǐhòu)

#### See also

* 後來／后来 (hòulái)
* 然後／然后 (ránhòu)

### Further reading

* “以後”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 以 | 後 |
| い Grade: 4 | ご Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 已後

### Etymology

以 (i-, “from... and”) +‎ 後 (go, “behind; after”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いご [íꜜgò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [iɡo̞]
* Homophones: 囲碁, 咿唔

### Adverb

以(い)後(ご) • (igo)
* from now on
    以(い)後(ご)気(き)をつけます。
       Igo ki o tsukemasu.
       I will be more careful from now on.
* from... on
** 1988 July 30 [1983 December 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “コマーさる [Monketing]”, in ひとりぼっちの宇宙戦争 [The One-Man Cosmic War] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 1), 16th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 53:
    ＵＦＯ(ユーフォー)をみた。家(いえ)に帰(かえ)るとさるがいなかった。その以(い)後(ご)さるをみかけたことはない。
       Yūfō o mita. Ie ni kaeru to saru ga inakatta. Sono igo saru o mikaketa koto wa nai.
       I saw a UFO that day. That monkey was no longer there when I got home. I never saw him again.
** 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ポストの中(なか)の明(あ)日(す) [Post-Mid-Tomorrow]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 39:
    この日(ひ)以(い)後(ご)、ぼくはあすをみていない。
       Kono hi igo, boku wa asu o miteinai.
       From that day on, I never foresaw tomorrow again.

#### See also

* 今(こん)後(ご) (kongo, “from now on”)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 以 | 後 |

### Noun

以後 • (ihu) (hangeul 이후)
* hanja form of 이후 (“thenceforth”)