# led
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɛd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛd
* Homophone: lead (metal element)
* Hyphenation: led

### Verb

led
* simple past and past participle of lead

### Adjective

led (not comparable)
* Under somebody's control or leadership.
** Of a farm, etc.: managed by a deputy instead of the owner or tenant in person.

#### Derived terms

* led captain
* led horse
* market-led

### Anagrams

* 'eld, DLE, Del, Del., EDL, LDE, del, del., eld

## Breton
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *lled.

### Noun

led m
* size

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech led, from Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɛt]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: let

### Noun

led m inan
* ice

#### Derived terms

* chladný jako led
* leden
* lednička (“fridge”)
* lední
* ledňáček (“kingfisher”)
* ledoborec (“icebreaker”)
* ledovec (“iceberg”)
* ledový
* náledí
* pohybovat se na tenkém ledě
* prolomit ledy (“to break the ice”)

### Further reading

* “led”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “led”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “led”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology 1

Derived from Old Norse liðr, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz, cognate with German Glied (“joint”), Lied (“song”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leð/, [ˈleð]

#### Noun

led n (singular definite leddet, plural indefinite led)
* (anatomy) joint (movable connection between the bones in a body or a minor exterior part of the body; also of joints in a plant)
* link (movable part of a thing or a plant)
* link, part (element in a line of thought or a course of events)
* generation (in a family tree)
* (grammar) phrase (a word or group of words that functions as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence)
* (mathematics) term (one of the addends in a sum or in another mathematical operation)
    I udtrykket $2x+4\ln x-3$ er $2x$, $4\ln x$ og $-3$ led.In the expression $2x+4\ln x-3$, $2x$, $4\ln x$, and $-3$ are terms.

##### Declension
#### References

* “led,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 2

A merger of two Old Norse nouns: 1. leið (“road, direction”), from Proto-Germanic *laidō, cognate with English load, lode, German Leite (“slope”), Dutch lei (“slate”). 2. hlið f (“side”), from Proto-Germanic *hliþō, cognate with Old English hliþ n.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leð/, [ˈleð]

#### Noun

led c (singular definite ledden, plural indefinite ledder)
* side, direction (of an object)
    Jeg skar guleroden over på den lange led.
       I cut the carrot in two lengthwise.
* way (of doing something)

##### Declension
#### References

* “led,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 3

Derived from Old Norse hliðr, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą, cognate with Swedish lid (“gate”), English lid, German lid (“eyelid”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leð/, [ˈleð]

#### Noun

led n (singular definite leddet, plural indefinite led)
* gate (in a fence or at a level crossing)

##### Declension
#### References

* “led,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 4

Inherited from Old Norse leiðr (“uncomfortable, tired”), Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, cognate with English loath, German leid (“distressing”), Dutch leed (“sad”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

#### Adjective

led (neuter ledt, plural and definite singular attributive lede)
* disgusting, odious, loathsome
* nasty, beastly

##### Inflection

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

#### References

* “led,4” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

#### Verb

led
* past tense of lide

### Etymology 6

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leːˀð/, [ˈleˀð], [ˈleðˀ]

#### Verb

led
* imperative of lede

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈled/, [ˈle̞d]
* Rhymes: -ed
* Hyphenation: led

### Noun

led
* Alternative form of ledi (“LED, light-emitting diode”) (chiefly used as modifier in compound terms)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of led (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ledini
ledini
accusative
nom.
ledini
ledini
gen.
ledini
genitive
ledini
ledieni
partitive
lediäni
ledejäni
inessive
ledissäni
ledeissäni
elative
ledistäni
ledeistäni
illative
lediini
ledeihini
adessive
ledilläni
ledeilläni
ablative
lediltäni
ledeiltäni
allative
ledilleni
ledeilleni
essive
ledinäni
ledeinäni
translative
ledikseni
ledeikseni
abessive
ledittäni
ledeittäni
instructive
comitative
—ledeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ledisi
ledisi
accusative
nom.
ledisi
ledisi
gen.
ledisi
genitive
ledisi
lediesi
partitive
lediäsi
ledejäsi
inessive
ledissäsi
ledeissäsi
elative
ledistäsi
ledeistäsi
illative
lediisi
ledeihisi
adessive
ledilläsi
ledeilläsi
ablative
lediltäsi
ledeiltäsi
allative
ledillesi
ledeillesi
essive
ledinäsi
ledeinäsi
translative
lediksesi
ledeiksesi
abessive
ledittäsi
ledeittäsi
instructive
comitative
—ledeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ledimme
ledimme
accusative
nom.
ledimme
ledimme
gen.
ledimme
genitive
ledimme
lediemme
partitive
lediämme
ledejämme
inessive
ledissämme
ledeissämme
elative
ledistämme
ledeistämme
illative
lediimme
ledeihimme
adessive
ledillämme
ledeillämme
ablative
lediltämme
ledeiltämme
allative
ledillemme
ledeillemme
essive
ledinämme
ledeinämme
translative
lediksemme
ledeiksemme
abessive
ledittämme
ledeittämme
instructive
comitative
—ledeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ledinne
ledinne
accusative
nom.
ledinne
ledinne
gen.
ledinne
genitive
ledinne
ledienne
partitive
lediänne
ledejänne
inessive
ledissänne
ledeissänne
elative
ledistänne
ledeistänne
illative
lediinne
ledeihinne
adessive
ledillänne
ledeillänne
ablative
lediltänne
ledeiltänne
allative
ledillenne
ledeillenne
essive
ledinänne
ledeinänne
translative
lediksenne
ledeiksenne
abessive
ledittänne
ledeittänne
instructive
comitative
—ledeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
ledinsä
ledinsä
accusative
nom.
ledinsä
ledinsä
gen.
ledinsä
genitive
ledinsä
lediensä
partitive
lediään lediänsä
ledejään ledejänsä
inessive
ledissään ledissänsä
ledeissään ledeissänsä
elative
ledistään ledistänsä
ledeistään ledeistänsä
illative
lediinsä
ledeihinsä
adessive
ledillään ledillänsä
ledeillään ledeillänsä
ablative
lediltään lediltänsä
ledeiltään ledeiltänsä
allative
ledilleen ledillensä
ledeilleen ledeillensä
essive
ledinään ledinänsä
ledeinään ledeinänsä
translative
ledikseen lediksensä
ledeikseen ledeiksensä
abessive
ledittään ledittänsä
ledeittään ledeittänsä
instructive
comitative
—ledeineen ledeinensä :

#### Derived terms

* led-lamppu
* led-näyttö
* led-valaisin
* led-valo

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* let

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lʲɛd̪ˠ/

### Contraction

led (triggers lenition)
* (Munster) Contraction of le do (“with your sg”).
    Brúigh led mhéar é.Press it with your finger.

#### Related terms

| Basic form | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Copular forms | Copular forms | Copular forms |
| Basic form | an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) |
| de (“from”) | den | de na desna* | de mo dem* | de do ded*, det* | dá | dár | dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* | do mo dom* | do do dod*, dot* | dá | dár | dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh |
| i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* | i do id*, it* | ina | inár | inar | inar | inarb | inarbh |
| le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* | le do led*, let* | lena | lenár | lenar | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh |
| ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* | ó mo óm* | ó do ód*, ót* | óna | ónár | ónar | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh |
| trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh |
| *Dialectal. |||||||||||

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “led”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* lead, lede, leed, leod, leyd, leyt
* læd (Early Middle English)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old English lēad, from Proto-West Germanic *laud, from Gaulish *laudon, from Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɛːd/

### Noun

led (uncountable)
* lead (element Pl)
* A cauldron (originally of lead)

#### Related terms

* leden

#### Descendants

* English: lead
* Scots: leid, lede
* Yola: leed

### References

* “lēd, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* lei

#### Verb

led
* simple past of lide

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

led
* imperative of lede

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse liðr m, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz. Doublet of ledd n, although formerly considered alternative forms. Cognates include Icelandic liður, Danish led, Dutch lid and dialectal English lith.

#### Alternative forms

* Lid (obsolete spelling)

#### Noun

led m (definite singular leden, indefinite plural leder or ledar, definite plural ledene or ledane)
* (anatomy) a joint or a movable body part adjacent to it
* a single part within a whole, especially a sequence
** a link (in a chain)
** a generation

##### Derived terms

* lea, lee (verb)
* akselled
* aksleled
* ankelled
* bindeled
* forled
* fyrsteled
* føreled
* førsteled
* glideled
* handled
* heldeled
* hofteled
* kardangled
* kjeveled
* kneled
* kuleled
* ledband
* ledbetennelse
* ledbuss
* leddeling
* leddelt
* leddyr
* ledflate
* ledgikt
* ledhòle
* ledmakk
* ledmark
* ledmus
* ledorm
* ledvatn
* ledvæske
* mellomled
* okleled
* olbogeled
* omsetjingsled
* omsetnadsled
* omsetningsled
* omsettingsled
* omsynsled
* overled
* preposisjonsled
* samansetjingsled
* samansetningsled
* samansettingsled
* setningsled
* sisteled
* slektled
* slektsled
* underled
* universalled
* uvled
* verballed
* ættled

##### Related terms

* ledig
* ledug

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse hlið n, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą. Akin to English lid. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to shelter, cover”).

#### Alternative forms

* Lid (obsolete spelling)

#### Noun

led n (definite singular ledet, indefinite plural led, definite plural leda)
* gate
* opening (in a fence)

##### Derived terms

* gardled
* gjerdeled
* grindled
* hageled

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Norse hlið f.

#### Alternative forms

* Lid (obsolete spelling)

#### Noun

led f (definite singular leda, indefinite plural leder, definite plural ledene)
* side

##### Derived terms

* lodneled

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from English LED (“light-emitting diode”).

#### Noun

led m (definite singular led-en, indefinite plural led-ar, definite plural led-ane)
* Alternative letter-case form of LED

### Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

led
* present of leda

### References

* 1 2 3 4 “led” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
* 1 2 3 Ivar Aasen (1850) “Lid”, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog‎ (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000

### Anagrams

* LED, del, edl, eld

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlɛ.d͡ʒi/, /ˈlɛd͡ʒ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlɛ.d͡ʒi/, /ˈlɛd͡ʒ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈlɛd͡ʒ/, /ˈlɛ.d͡ʒi/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈlɛd/ [ˈlɛð]
* Hyphenation: led

### Noun

led m (plural leds)
* Alternative spelling of LED

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English LED.

### Noun

led n (plural leduri)
* LED

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lêːd/

### Noun

lȇd m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑д)
* ice
* great frigidity, freezing cold
* hail
    Synonyms: grȁd, krúpa, tȕča
* the ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)
    Synonym: lédak
* (figuratively) unfeelingness, coldheartedness
* (figuratively) a state of immobilization from fear, doubt, or surprise

#### Derived terms

* ledac
* sladoled

### References

* Pero Budmani, editor (1898–1903), “led”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎ (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 5, Zagreb: JAZU, page 948
* “led”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ledъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ledús.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /léːt/
* Rhymes: -eːd
* Hyphenation: led
* Homophones: let, LED

#### Noun

lẹ̑d m inan
| at | v ledu |
| to | v led |
| from | iz ledu |
* ice
* (literary) emotional coldness
* (cooking) icing

##### Declension

* rarely in dual and plural
* rarely in dual and plural

##### Synonyms

* (sense 2)
* brezčutnost
* brezdušnost
* ledenost
* (sense 3)
* glazura

##### Antonyms

* (sense 2)
* sočustvo
* sočutje
* sočutnost
* sotrpljenje
* sožalje

##### Derived terms

* biti na tankem ledu
* dati na led
* dati speljati na led
* deti na led
* gladek kot led
* hladen kot led
* hokej na ledu
* iti na led
* jadranje na ledu
* kegljanje na ledu
* ledẹ̑n
* ledenẹ́ti
* ledeníca
* ledeník
* ledẹ̄nka
* ledíšče
* mrzel kot led
* na jeziku med, v srcu led
* oledenẹ́ti
* osel gre samo enkrat na led
* plavajoči led
* plavni led
* pogubni led
* polarni led
* poledenẹ́ti
* poledenȋtəv
* posaditi na led
* prebiti led
* sladolẹ̑d
* sladolẹ̑dar
* sladolẹ̑dən
* speljati na led
* spolzek kot led
* spraviti na led
* stati na tankem ledu
* suhi led
* sveti Matija led razbija, če ga ni, ga pa naredi
* tečajni led
* v snegu in ledu
* zaledenẹ́ti
* zledenẹ́ti
* zledenīti
* znajti na tankem ledu

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English LED, an abbreviation for light emitting diode.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /léːt/
* Rhymes: -eːd
* Hyphenation: led
* Homophones: let, LED

#### Noun

lẹ̑d f
* (uncommon) LED, light emitting diode

##### Declension

Unlike some other nouns that follow third declensions, this one is often used in plural.

##### Synonyms

* LED
* LED dioda
* LED-dioda
* ledica
* svetleča dioda

##### Derived terms

* lẹ̑dica

### See also

* dioda
* para
* voda

### Further reading

* “led”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “led”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Spanish
### Noun

led m (plural ledes)
* LED

### Further reading

* “led”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Swedish lēþer, from Old Norse leiðr, from Proto-Germanic *laiþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyt-.

#### Adjective

led
* tired, bored
    Synonyms: less, trött
    Jag blir led på deras tjatI get tired of their nagging
* (archaic) loathsome, odious
* (archaic) mean

##### Usage notes

The archaic sense is still in some use in the expression den lede frestaren or simply den lede, as a name for the Devil, and also occurs in lede fi (“the enemy”).

##### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

##### Derived terms

* den lede
* lede fi

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Swedish liþer, from Old Norse liðr, from Proto-Germanic *liþuz.

#### Noun

led c
* joint; the part of a limb where it can bend; such as a knee or a wrist; phalanx
** any mechanical joint where two parts are supposed to move (bend) with respect to each other

##### Derived terms

* ledamot (“body part; board member”)

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Swedish liþ. Of the same origin as previous with alternate grammatical gender (cf. Old English liþ n).

#### Noun

led n
* queue, rank (a row of people in front of or next to each other)
* (figuratively, usually in the plural) rank (a set of members of some organization or group)
** 1974, Ragnar Borgedahl (lyrics and music), “Hum, hum från Humlegårn [Hum, hum from Humlegå(rde)n [sic – a park in Stockholm]]”, in Hum, hum från Humlegårn‎:När solen sjunker i Eden, och när vägen leder till skärselden. Då smyger några ur leden, och vänder hemåt igen.When the sun sinks in Eden, and when the road leads to purgatory. Then some sneak out of the ranks, and turn back home.
* (mathematics) term
    högerledetthe right hand side; what's on the right hand side of the equation
* stage
    ett led i processena stage in the process

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

Inherited from Old Swedish lēþ, from Old Norse leið, from Proto-Germanic *laidō.

#### Noun

led c
* (transport) track, route or way, along which one may walk, go by bicycle or drive a motor vehicle

##### Derived terms

* cykelled
* farled
* huvudled
* motortrafikled
* skoterled
* vandringsled

### Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

led
* past indicative of lida
* imperative of leda

### References

* led in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* led in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* led in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Svensk MeSH

### Anagrams

* del, eld

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leːd/

### Noun

led
* Soft mutation of lled.

### Adjective

led
* Soft mutation of lled.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.