# 組

| 組 | U+7D44, &#32068; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D44 |
| ← 絃 [U+7D43] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 絅 → [U+7D45] |

## Translingual
### Han character

組 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火月一 (VFBM), four-corner 2791$_0$, composition ⿰糹且) Form differs between China and Japan

#### Derived characters

* 𬄗 𦋽

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 921, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27374
* Dae Jaweon: page 1353, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3379, character 13
* Unihan data for U+7D44

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 組 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 虘 | *zaːl, *zaː |
| 蔖 | *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ |
| 摣 | *rnaː, *ʔsraː |
| 袓 | *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ |
| 怚 | *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ |
| 罝 | *ʔsjaː |
| 謯 | *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ |
| 姐 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 抯 | *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː |
| 飷 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 且 | *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa |
| 趄 | *sʰjaːs, *sʰa |
| 笡 | *sʰjaːs |
| 查 | *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː |
| 柤 | *ʔsraː |
| 樝 | *ʔsraː |
| 皻 | *ʔsraː |
| 渣 | *ʔsraː |
| 楂 | *zraː |
| 苴 | *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa |
| 駔 | *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ |
| 租 | *ʔsaː |
| 蒩 | *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 祖 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 組 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 珇 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 靻 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 粗 | *sʰaː, *zaːʔ |
| 徂 | *zaː |
| 殂 | *zaː |
| 麆 | *zaːʔ, *zras |
| 伹 | *zaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 蛆 | *ʔsa, *sʰa |
| 沮 | *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra |
| 咀 | *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ |
| 疽 | *sʰa |
| 雎 | *sʰa |
| 狙 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 岨 | *sʰa |
| 砠 | *sʰa |
| 坥 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 刞 | *sʰas |
| 覰 | *sʰas |
| 覷 | *sʰas |
| 跙 | *zaʔ |
| 筯 | *das |
| 菹 | *ʔsra |
| 葅 | *ʔsra |
| 阻 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 俎 | *ʔsraʔ |
| 詛 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 鉏 | *zra, *zraʔ |
| 豠 | *zra |
| 鋤 | *zra |
| 耡 | *zra, *zras |
| 齟 | *zraʔ |
| 助 | *zras |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsaːʔ): semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zǔ (zu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zou$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): du$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chû
    (Hailu, HRS): zu$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zi$^1$ / zi$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cū
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zou$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chó͘ / cho͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zu$^1$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$tsu / $^3$tsu / $^3$tsou
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǔ
*** Wade–Giles: tsu$^3$
*** Yale: dzǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuu
*** Palladius: цзу (czu)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zou$^2$
*** Yale: jóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sou̯³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: du$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tu⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
*** Hakka Romanization System: zu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zu$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zi$^1$ / zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/, /t͡sz̩³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cū
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zou$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cô
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔu⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔu³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zor
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsoo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zof
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zu$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsu
*** MiniDict: tsu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡su³⁴/
** (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tsu
*** MiniDict: tsu$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡su³⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡su⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡su⁴²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡su⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡su³³⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡su³²⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡su³⁵/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tsou
*** MiniDict: tsou$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡səu⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsuX
Rime :
| Character | 組 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 則古切 |
| Baxter | tsuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡suo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡suo$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡so$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɔ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡so$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡su$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡suo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zou$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 組 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10399 |
| Phonetic component | 且 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 祖 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsaːʔ/ |

### Definitions

組
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to weave
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a thin, wide silk band
* to organize; to unite; to form
* group; team
* Classifier for sets and series.
* Classifier for groups of people.
* Classifier for batteries.
* a surname
* (botany, taxonomy) section

### Compounds

* 上皮組織 / 上皮组织 (shàngpí zǔzhī)
* 位元組 / 位元组 (wèiyuánzǔ)
* 偽組織 / 伪组织
* 分組 / 分组 (fēnzǔ)
* 厚壁組織 / 厚壁组织
* 固定詞組 / 固定词组
* 基層組織 / 基层组织
* 專案小組 / 专案小组
* 小組 / 小组 (xiǎozǔ)
* 少年組 / 少年组
* 工作小組 / 工作小组
* 抗組織胺 / 抗组织胺 (kàngzǔzhī'àn)
* 拼組 / 拼组
* 排列組合 / 排列组合
* 改組 / 改组 (gǎizǔ)
* 模組 / 模组 (mózǔ)
* 機動小組 / 机动小组
* 機組 / 机组 (jīzǔ)
* 爆破小組 / 爆破小组
* 班組 / 班组 (bānzǔ)
* 產品組合 / 产品组合
* 皮下組織 / 皮下组织 (píxià zǔzhī)
* 皮膜組織 / 皮膜组织
* 神經組織 / 神经组织
* 簪組 / 簪组
* 籌組 / 筹组
* 組件 / 组件 (zǔjiàn)
* 組合 / 组合 (zǔhé)
* 組合式 / 组合式
* 組合服裝 / 组合服装
* 組合菜 / 组合菜
* 組合語言 / 组合语言 (zǔhé yǔyán)
* 組員 / 组员 (zǔyuán)
* 組建 / 组建 (zǔjiàn)
* 組成 / 组成 (zǔchéng)
* 組曲 / 组曲 (zǔqū)
* 組歌 / 组歌 (zǔgē)
* 組甲 / 组甲
* 組畫 / 组画
* 組綬 / 组绶
* 組練 / 组练
* 組織 / 组织 (zǔzhī)
* 組織培養 / 组织培养 (zǔzhī péiyǎng)
* 組織液 / 组织液 (zǔzhīyè)
* 組織胺 / 组织胺 (zǔzhī'àn)
* 組胺 / 组胺 (zǔ'àn)
* 組裝 / 组装 (zǔzhuāng)
* 組訓 / 组训
* 組長 / 组长 (zǔzhǎng)
* 組閣 / 组阁 (zǔgé)
* 組限 / 组限
* 組頭 / 组头
* 結締組織 / 结缔组织 (jiédì zǔzhī)
* 綠色組織 / 绿色组织
* 編組 / 编组 (biānzǔ)
* 美洲組織 / 美洲组织
* 群組 / 群组 (qúnzǔ)
* 腦組織 / 脑组织
* 自由詞組 / 自由词组
* 薄壁組織 / 薄壁组织
* 解組 / 解组
* 解組歸田 / 解组归田
* 詞組 / 词组 (cízǔ)
* 調查組 / 调查组 (diàocházǔ)
* 重組 / 重组 (chóngzǔ)
* 零組件 / 零组件 (língzǔjiàn)
* 霹靂小組 / 霹雳小组
* 骨組織 / 骨组织
* 齡組 / 龄组

### References

* “組”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “組”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: す (su)
* Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
* On: しょ (sho)
* Kun: くみ (kumi, 組み)、くみ (kumi, 組, Jōyō)、くみひも (kumihimo)、くむ (kumu, 組む, Jōyō)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 組
* くみ Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 組み
Continuative form of 組む (kumu, “to assemble”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くみ [kùmíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [kɯ̟mʲi]

### Noun

組(くみ) • (kumi)
* class, group, team, set

#### Synonyms

* (class): クラス (kurasu)

### Suffix

組(ぐみ) • (-gumi)
* class, group, team, set

## Korean
### Hanja

組 (eum 조 (jo))
* group, team

## Vietnamese
### Chữ Hán

組: Hán Nôm readings: tổ, tê, tây
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.