# 赦免
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shèmiǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): se$^3$ min$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sa-miên
    (Hailu, HRS): sha$^ˇ$ mien$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^4$ meng$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sià-bián
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$so-mi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shèmiǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ ㄇㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shèmiǎn
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$-mien$^3$
*** Yale: shè-myǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shehmean
*** Palladius: шэмянь (šɛmjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹ mi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: se$^3$ min$^5$
*** Yale: se míhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: se$^3$ min$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sé$^3$ min$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛː³³ miːn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa-miên
*** Hakka Romanization System: sa mien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sa$^4$ mian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sa⁵⁵ mi̯en²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sha$^ˇ$ mien$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃa¹¹ mien⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^4$ meng$^3$ [Phonetic: sia$^1$ meng$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sia̍-mêng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia⁴²⁻⁵⁵ mɛŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^4$ meng$^3$ [Phonetic: sia$^1$ meng$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia⁴²⁻⁵⁵ mɛŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sià-bián
*** Tâi-lô: sià-bián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siarbiern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sia²¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sia⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ biɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sia²¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sia¹¹⁻⁵³ biɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia²¹⁻⁴¹ biɛn⁴¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$so-mi
*** MiniDict: so$^去$ mi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$so-mi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /so³³ mi⁴⁴/

### Verb

赦免
* to grant a pardon; to pardon

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 赦 | 免 |
| しゃ Grade: S | めん Grade: S |
| goon ||
* Alternative spelling
* 赦免 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゃめん [shàméń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕa̠mẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

赦(しゃ)免(めん) • (shamen)
* a pardon

### Verb

赦(しゃ)免(めん)する • (shamen suru) suru (stem 赦(しゃ)免(めん)し (shamen shi), past 赦(しゃ)免(めん)した (shamen shita))
* to pardon

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 赦免し | しゃめんし | shamen shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 赦免し | しゃめんし | shamen shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 赦免する | しゃめんする | shamen suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 赦免する | しゃめんする | shamen suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 赦免すれ | しゃめんすれ | shamen sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 赦免せよ¹ 赦免しろ² | しゃめんせよ¹ しゃめんしろ² | shamen seyo¹ shamen shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 赦免される | しゃめんされる | shamen sareru |
| Causative | 赦免させる 赦免さす | しゃめんさせる しゃめんさす | shamen saseru shamen sasu |
| Potential | 赦免できる | しゃめんできる | shamen dekiru |
| Volitional | 赦免しよう | しゃめんしよう | shamen shiyō |
| Negative | 赦免しない | しゃめんしない | shamen shinai |
| Negative continuative | 赦免せず | しゃめんせず | shamen sezu |
| Formal | 赦免します | しゃめんします | shamen shimasu |
| Perfective | 赦免した | しゃめんした | shamen shita |
| Conjunctive | 赦免して | しゃめんして | shamen shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 赦免すれば | しゃめんすれば | shamen sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN