OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# heykeltıraş
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish هیكلتراش (heykeltıraş). By surface analysis, heykel +‎ tıraş.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hej.kel.tɯˈɾaʃ/
* Hyphenation: hey‧kel‧tı‧raş

### Noun

heykeltıraş (definite accusative heykeltıraşı, plural heykeltıraşlar)
* sculptor
    Synonym: heykelci

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
heykeltıraş
heykeltıraşlar
definite accusative
heykeltıraşı
heykeltıraşları
dative
heykeltıraşa
heykeltıraşlara
locative
heykeltıraşta
heykeltıraşlarda
ablative
heykeltıraştan
heykeltıraşlardan
genitive
heykeltıraşın
heykeltıraşların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşım
heykeltıraşlarım
2nd singular
heykeltıraşın
heykeltıraşların
3rd singular
heykeltıraşı
heykeltıraşları
1st plural
heykeltıraşımız
heykeltıraşlarımız
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınız
heykeltıraşlarınız
3rd plural
heykeltıraşları
heykeltıraşları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşımı
heykeltıraşlarımı
2nd singular
heykeltıraşını
heykeltıraşlarını
3rd singular
heykeltıraşını
heykeltıraşlarını
1st plural
heykeltıraşımızı
heykeltıraşlarımızı
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınızı
heykeltıraşlarınızı
3rd plural
heykeltıraşlarını
heykeltıraşlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşıma
heykeltıraşlarıma
2nd singular
heykeltıraşına
heykeltıraşlarına
3rd singular
heykeltıraşına
heykeltıraşlarına
1st plural
heykeltıraşımıza
heykeltıraşlarımıza
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınıza
heykeltıraşlarınıza
3rd plural
heykeltıraşlarına
heykeltıraşlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşımda
heykeltıraşlarımda
2nd singular
heykeltıraşında
heykeltıraşlarında
3rd singular
heykeltıraşında
heykeltıraşlarında
1st plural
heykeltıraşımızda
heykeltıraşlarımızda
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınızda
heykeltıraşlarınızda
3rd plural
heykeltıraşlarında
heykeltıraşlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşımdan
heykeltıraşlarımdan
2nd singular
heykeltıraşından
heykeltıraşlarından
3rd singular
heykeltıraşından
heykeltıraşlarından
1st plural
heykeltıraşımızdan
heykeltıraşlarımızdan
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınızdan
heykeltıraşlarınızdan
3rd plural
heykeltıraşlarından
heykeltıraşlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
heykeltıraşımın
heykeltıraşlarımın
2nd singular
heykeltıraşının
heykeltıraşlarının
3rd singular
heykeltıraşının
heykeltıraşlarının
1st plural
heykeltıraşımızın
heykeltıraşlarımızın
2nd plural
heykeltıraşınızın
heykeltıraşlarınızın
3rd plural
heykeltıraşlarının
heykeltıraşlarının :

#### Derived terms

* heykeltıraşlık

### Further reading

* “heykeltıraş”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# Gábriš
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡaːbrɪʃ]

### Proper noun

Gábriš m anim (female equivalent Gábrišová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Gábriš”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# Contrazy
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French Contrazy.

### Proper noun

Contrazy
* A village in Ariège department, Occitania, France.

#### Holonyms

* Couserans

#### Translations
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan Contrasi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ̃.tʁa.zi/

### Proper noun

Contrazy ?
* Contrazy (a village in Ariège department, Occitania, France)

#### Meronyms

* Binnet, Farifol, Linquant, Marbois, Sabaté, Sansounet

#### Holonyms

* Couserans

### References

* Jòrdi Deledar and Patrici Poujade, "L'Occitan parlé en Ariège", 2001, Pamiers, Cercle Occitan Prospèr Estieu, →ISBN, Page 60.
# lầu
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 樓 (SV: lâu).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ləw˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ləw˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ləw˨˩]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Noun

lầu
* (historical) a multistory building
** 1937 October 10 [8th century CE], Tản Đà, transl., Ngày Nay‎, number 80, translation of 《黃鶴樓》 by 崔顥 [Cui Hao] (in Chinese); English translation from Peter Harris, transl., Three Hundred Tang Poems, 2009, page 39:Hạc vàng ai cưỡi đi đâu? Mà đây Hoàng Hạc riêng lầu còn trơ![original: 昔人已乘黃鶴去， 此地空餘黃鶴樓。]Long ago someone rode away on a yellow crane; All that’s left here, pointlessly, is Yellow Crane Tower.
** 1987 [8th century CE], “Tại lầu Hoàng Hạc tiễn Mạnh Hạo Nhiên đi Quảng Lăng”, in Ngô Tất Tố, transl., Thơ Đường [Tang Poetry], volume 2, translation of 《黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵》 by 李白 [Li Bai] (in Chinese); English translation from “At the Yellow Crane Tower to Bid Meng Haoran Bon Voyage [to Guangling]”, in 黃宏發 [Andrew Wong], transl., Classical Chinese Poems in English, 2010:Bạn từ lầu Hạc lên đường Giữa mùa hoa khói châu Dương xuôi dòng[original: 故人西辭黃鶴樓， 煙花三月下揚州。]At the Yellow Crane Tower, my friend, to the west you said goodbye; In this misty, flowery glorious spring, downstream for Yangzhou you ply.
* (architecture, chiefly Southern Vietnam) a floor (except the ground floor)
    Synonym: tầng
    lầu 1 ― the 1st/2nd floor (1 level above the ground story)
    nhà lầu ― multistory house
    nhảy lầu tự tử ― to jump off a high floor to kill oneself
* (architecture, chiefly Southern Vietnam, proscribed) floor (including the ground floor)
    Synonym: tầng
    lầu trệt ― ground floor

#### Usage notes

In southern Vietnamese, all floors are called lầu and lầu trệt is actually attested, although both are proscribed. By contrast, in northern and central Vietnamese, floors are called tầng, the ground floor is called tầng trệt or numbered as tầng 1, and tầng 0 technically refers to a crawl space.

#### Derived terms

* cao lầu
* lầu bậc
* Lầu Năm Góc (“The Pentagon”)
* lầu son
* lầu trang
* lầu xanh
* nhà lầu

#### Related terms

* tầng

### References

* ↑ Lua error: Parameter "name" is not used by this template.
* 1 2 “Tầng trệt là gì? Cách phân biệt tầng và lầu [Ngân Thịnh Design and Build]”, in Xây Dựng Ngân Thịnh (in Vietnamese), 2023 January 11
# anāliem
## Latvian
### Adjective

anāliem
* dative/instrumental masculine plural of anāls
# Norvežanka
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /norʋěːʒaːnka/
* Hyphenation: Nor‧ve‧žan‧ka

### Proper noun

Norvéžānka f (Cyrillic spelling Норве́жа̄нка)
* Norwegian (native of Norway)

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɔrʋɛʒáːnka/

### Noun

Norvežȃnka f (male equivalent Norvežàn)
* Norwegian (female person)

#### Related terms

* Norvéška
* norvéški
* norvéščina

### Further reading

* “Norvežanka”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025
# bốn
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *poːnʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *puənʔ (“four”). Cognate with Muong pổn, Khmer បួន (buən), Bahnar puăn, Pacoh poan, Mang puːn², Mon ပန်, Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] fōan, Santali ᱯᱳᱱ/ᱯᱩᱱ (pon/pun).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɓon˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɓoŋ˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɓoŋ˦˥]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)
* Audio (Saigon):(file)

### Numeral

bốn • (本, 𦊚, 奔)
* four

#### Usage notes

* Unlike other cardinal numbers, the ordinal phrasal expression for bốn is generally not *thứ bốn, but thứ tư (“fourth”).

### See also

* tư
# Pajskr
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpajskr̩]

### Proper noun

Pajskr m anim (female equivalent Pajskrová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Pajskr”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# Moșnița Nouă
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Moșnița Nouă.

### Proper noun

Moșnița Nouă
* A village and commune of Timiș County, Romania.

## Romanian
### Etymology

From Moșnița + nou (“new”), from Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic мъшъница (mŭšŭnica), from мъшъна (mŭšŭna), feminine of мъшънъ (mŭšŭnŭ), from мъхъ (mŭxŭ, “moss”) +‎ -ьнъ (-ĭnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *mъxъ.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Moșnița Nouă f
* A commune of Timiș County, Romania
* A village in Moșnița Nouă, Timiș County, Romania
# underconsumption
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ consumption.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌmpʃən

### Noun

underconsumption (uncountable)
* (economics) Insufficient consumption (for financial stability).
* An anticonsumerist lifestyle trend based around reuse and not purchasing unnecessary goods.
** 2024 December 29, Cathrine V. Jansson-Boyd, “Underconsumption Core: Just Another Fad?”, in Psychology Today‎:For anyone who has not come across it, underconsumption core is when people make use of what they already own and avoid buying in to new trends, with an aim to have a sustainable mindset. This may involve purchasing second-hand clothes, repurposing clothes you already have, or finishing a mascara before buying a new one.

#### Derived terms

* underconsumption core

#### Related terms

* underconsume
# bersuara
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From ber- +‎ suara.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /bərsuˈara/ [bər.suˈa.ra]
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: ber‧su‧a‧ra

### Verb

bêrsuara
* (intransitive) to utter one's wish or opinion
    Synonym: (transitive) menyuarakan

### Adjective

bêrsuara
* (phonetics) voiced (sounded with vibration of the vocal cords)
    Antonym: nirsuara (“voiceless”)
    hentian bersuara ― voiced stop
* voiced (having a specified kind of voice)
    gadis bersuara indah ― beautiful-voiced girl
* (signal prosessing) voiced (that contains voice)

### Further reading

* “bersuara” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Mulanje
## English
### Proper noun

Mulanje
* A town in Malawi.
* A massif in Malawi.

## Chichewa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /múˈɽa.ⁿd͡ʒe/

### Proper noun

Múlanje
* Mulanje (a town in Malawi)
# shiyiin
## Navajo
### Noun

shiyiin
* first-person singular possessed form of sin
# beeʼeldǫǫh
## Navajo
### Etymology

From bee (“with it”) +‎ l- (classifier) + -dǫǫh (“explode”, literally “an explosion is made with it”)

### Noun

beeʼeldǫǫh
* gun
* musket

#### Derived terms

* beeʼeldǫǫh tʼáá bíniʼdii bikʼa ádiih yiyiinííłígíí (“machine gun”)
* beeʼeldǫǫhtsoh (“cannon”)
* chidí naaʼnaʼí beeʼeldǫǫh bikááʼ dah naaznilígíí (“tank”)
* chidí naaʼnaʼí beeʼeldǫǫhtsoh bikááʼ dah naaznilígíí (“tank”)
# trốn
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *k-loːnʔ. Cognates include Arem tluǝnʔ and Tho [Cuối Chăm] klɔːn³.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕon˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʈoŋ˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʈoŋ˦˥]
* Homophone: chốn

### Verb

trốn • (遁, 𧾌)
* to hide oneself
    lẩn trốn ― to run and hide; to be on the run
    trốn tìm ― hide and seek
* to escape, to flee
    trốn tù ― to escape from prison
* to free oneself from someone or something without permission
    Nó trốn mẹ đi chơi rồi.He went out without his mom's permission.
    trốn học ― to skip class
    trốn thuế ― to evade tax
* (of infants) to skip a developmental motor stage
    trốn lẫy, trốn lật ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* bỏ trốn
* chạy trốn
* lẩn trốn
* trốn chạy
* trốn thoát
* trốn tìm
* trốn tránh
# ܙܓܪ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Cognate of Arabic زَجَرَ (zajara).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [zɑɣːerː]

### Verb

ܙܵܓ݂ܹܪ • (zāḡēr)
* to restrain, hinder, prevent
* to forbid, prohibit, ban
* to plug, seal, close, shut

#### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/G-strong|ܙ|ܓ݂|ܪ}}

#### Synonyms

* (close, shut): ܐܵܟ̰ܹܡ (āčēm), ܕܵܒ݂ܹܪ (dāḇēr), ܣܵܟ݂ܹܪ (sāḵēr)
* (restrain, prohibit): ܡܵܢܹܥ (mānēˁ), ܡܲܚܪܸܡ (maḥrim)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “close, shut”): ܦܵܬ݂ܹܚ (pāṯēḥ)
* (antonym(s) of “restrain, prohibit”): ܡܲܦܸܣ (mappis), ܡܐܲܫܸܦ (mˀaššip)
# 안후이
## Korean
### Etymology

From Mandarin 安徽 (Ānhuī).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [a̠nβui]
* Phonetic hangul: [안후이]
| Form from Sino-Korean | 안휘(安徽) (Anhwi) |
| Form from Standard Mandarin | 안후이 (Anhu'i) |

### Proper noun

안후이 • (Anhu'i)
* Anhui (a province in eastern China)

#### Usage notes

From the first millennium until the 1980s, all Koreans referred to all place names in China by their Sino-Korean names.
In 1986, the South Korean government mandated that place names which have been used in modern China (defined as after 1911) should be referred to by transliterations of their Standard Mandarin names, while historical place names which have not been in use in modern times would still be referred to by their Sino-Korean names. Hence the ancient imperial capital of Chang'an would still be called 장안(長安) (Jang'an), while Xi'an, the modern city at the site of Chang'an, would be called 시안 (Sian) and not the traditional Sino-Korean 서안(西安) (Seoan).
This is currently enforced by Chapter 4, Section 2, Paragraph 2 (4장 2절 2항) of the Law of Foreign Words Notation.
South Koreans today have generally accepted the use of Mandarin forms for most modern Chinese place names, although the traditional Sino-Korean place names remain commonly used for:
   * Locations of cultural or historical importance such as 낙양(洛陽) (Nagyang, “Luoyang”), 황하(黃河) (Hwangha, “Yellow River”), and 태산(泰山) (Taesan, “Mount Tai”)
   * Certain large cities such as 북경(北京) (Bukgyeong, “Beijing”), 상해(上海) (Sanghae, “Shanghai”), and 청도(靑島) (Cheongdo, “Qingdao”), although the Mandarin forms are increasingly common for some of these, especially among younger speakers
   * Certain provinces such as 사천(四川) (Sacheon, “Sichuan”) and 길림(吉林) (Gillim, “Jilin”); again, the Mandarin forms are increasingly common for some of these
Use of such well-established Sino-Korean toponyms is permitted by Chapter 4, Section 2, Paragraph 4 of the Law. However, government institutions, most media outlets, and school textbooks use the new Mandarin-derived forms even for these.
In certain academic fields and literary genres in South Korea, it is conventional to only use Sino-Korean toponyms. In academia, this includes history, literary studies, and Chinese linguistics.
In North Korea and among Koreans in China, only the Sino-Korean forms are used.
# Ганьсу
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡanʲˈsu]

### Proper noun

Ганьсу́ • (Ganʹsú) f (indeclinable, relational adjective ганьсу́ский)
* Gansu (a province in northwestern China)
# Kuang-tung
## English
### Etymology

From Mandarin 廣東 / 广东 (Guǎngdōng) Wade–Giles romanization: Kuang³-tung¹.

### Proper noun

Kuang-tung
* Alternative form of Guangdong: A populous province of China, located on the southern coast. Capital: Guangzhou
** 1887, Terrien de Lacouperie, Formosa Notes of MSS., Races and Languages‎, volume 19, London: Trübner and Co., page 450:42. The boat population of Canton, also called Tan-Ka otherwise Tan families,² is also known as Kün-lun slaves, and they are said to be connected with some native tribes in the north of the Kuang-tung province, consequently in proximity to the above Kün-lun mountains of Kuangsi.
** 1966, Luce Boulnois, translated by Dennis Chamberlin, The Silk Road‎, London: George Allen & Unwin, →OCLC, →OL, page 208:We know that Italians were trading in the Black Sea ports, and the Arabs in the ports of southern China- in Fu-chien and Kuang-tung. Zayton (Ch'üan-chou in Fu-chien?) is mentioned by Marco Polo as 'the greatest port in the world'.
** 1967, Herold J. Wiens, Han Chinese Expansion in South China‎, Shoe String Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 11:Were one to draw a profile of generalized altitudes of the landmass of Ling-nan and Kuei-chou Yun-nan in a southeast-northwest direction, the profile that emerges would represent a step-like formation from the sea to the Tibetan Plateau with five major "steps." The first would represent the Kuang-tung lowlands below about 1500-feet.
** 1981, Huang Shu-min, Agricultural Degradation Changing Community Systems in Rural Taiwan‎, University Press of America, →ISBN, page 92:When Chinese from Fukien and Kuang-tung migrated to Taiwan, this warlike situation was obviously transplanted and was further aggravated by the even less efficient political control of the local government and the unique frontier conditions.
** 2003, Michael Williams, Deforesting the Earth : From Prehistory to Global Crisis‎, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 122‎, page 139:In the southern mountain region the mixed deciduous and evergreen broad-leafed forest were barely touched, and wild elephants and the rhinoceros roamed the malarial jungles of the province of Kuang-tung in the ninth century; but that was to change with migration from the north that reached a new momentum after the tenth century.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Guangdong, (Wade-Giles romanization) Kuang-tung, in Encyclopædia Britannica
* ↑ “Languages Other than English”, in The Chicago Manual of Style‎, Seventeenth edition, University of Chicago Press, 2017, →DOI, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 652: “Wade-Giles Postal atlas Pinyin Kuang-tung Kwangtung Guangdong”

### Further reading

* “Kuang-tung” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2025.
# dại
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “This word is quite consistently written with characters with 曳 (MC yejH) as phonetic, even in Phật thuyết, and the Mường Bi cognate also shows palatal initial. If this is actually from Proto-Vietic *-daːlʔ, there should be a dental/alveolar stop popping up somewhere.”

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zaːj˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [jaːj˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [jaːj˨˩˨]

### Adverb

dại
* (especially of plants) wildly; naturally; in an uncontrolled way
    Cây này mọc dại chứ đâu ai trồng.This tree grows naturally, nobody planted it.

### Adjective

dại • (𤵺, 曳. 𢘽, 𠻇)
* (of a plant) wild
    cỏ dại ― weeds
* (of a person) naive and lacking in common sense
    Antonym: khôn
    Mày lớn/to đầu mà dại lắm con ạ!How can you be so old yet so infantile?
* (of a person) mad, crazy, insane
    điên dại ― insanity
* (of body parts) losing flexibility and agility
    mắt dại ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Can we verify this sense?) (of an action) clumsy or unrefined
* (of an animal) rabid
    chó dại ― a rabid/mad dog
* (of a body part) numb due to a loss of circulation
* Unable to adapt to unfavorable natural conditions: inexperience, vulnerable, fragile, weak
    mẹ già con dại ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### Noun

dại • (曳)
* (bệnh ~) rabies (a kind of infectious disease)

#### Derived terms

* con dại cái mang
* cuồng dại
* dại dột
* dại gái
* dại khờ
* dại trai
* điên dại
* hoang dại
* khôn nhà dại chợ
* khờ dại
* man dại
* ngây dại
* ngu dại
* rồ dại
* tê dại
* thơ dại
* trót dại
# 광시
## Korean
### Etymology

From Mandarin 廣西／广西 (Guǎngxī).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠ŋɕʰi]
* Phonetic hangul: [광시]
| Form from Sino-Korean | 광서(廣西) (Gwangseo) |
| Form from Standard Mandarin | 광시 (Gwangsi) |

### Proper noun

광시 • (Gwangsi)
* Guangxi (A Zhuang autonomous region of China)

#### Synonyms

* (Guangxi): 광서 (Gwangseo)
# Quảng Tây
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 廣西.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kwaːŋ˧˩ təj˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [kwaːŋ˧˨ təj˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [waːŋ˨˩˦ təj˧˧]

### Proper noun

Quảng Tây
* Guangxi (A Zhuang autonomous region of China)
# karuhun
## Sundanese
### Etymology

From Old Sundanese karuhun (“ancestor, forefather”) from ruhun (“before, ere”). Cognate with Old Javanese karuhun (“before”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈruhun/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

karuhun (Sundanese script ᮊᮛᮥᮠᮥᮔ᮪)
* ancestors
# lầu
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 樓 (SV: lâu).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ləw˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ləw˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ləw˨˩]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Noun

lầu
* (historical) a multistory building
** 1937 October 10 [8th century CE], Tản Đà, transl., Ngày Nay‎, number 80, translation of 《黃鶴樓》 by 崔顥 [Cui Hao] (in Chinese); English translation from Peter Harris, transl., Three Hundred Tang Poems, 2009, page 39:Hạc vàng ai cưỡi đi đâu? Mà đây Hoàng Hạc riêng lầu còn trơ![original: 昔人已乘黃鶴去， 此地空餘黃鶴樓。]Long ago someone rode away on a yellow crane; All that’s left here, pointlessly, is Yellow Crane Tower.
** 1987 [8th century CE], “Tại lầu Hoàng Hạc tiễn Mạnh Hạo Nhiên đi Quảng Lăng”, in Ngô Tất Tố, transl., Thơ Đường [Tang Poetry], volume 2, translation of 《黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵》 by 李白 [Li Bai] (in Chinese); English translation from “At the Yellow Crane Tower to Bid Meng Haoran Bon Voyage [to Guangling]”, in 黃宏發 [Andrew Wong], transl., Classical Chinese Poems in English, 2010:Bạn từ lầu Hạc lên đường Giữa mùa hoa khói châu Dương xuôi dòng[original: 故人西辭黃鶴樓， 煙花三月下揚州。]At the Yellow Crane Tower, my friend, to the west you said goodbye; In this misty, flowery glorious spring, downstream for Yangzhou you ply.
* (architecture, chiefly Southern Vietnam) a floor (except the ground floor)
    Synonym: tầng
    lầu 1 ― the 1st/2nd floor (1 level above the ground story)
    nhà lầu ― multistory house
    nhảy lầu tự tử ― to jump off a high floor to kill oneself
* (architecture, chiefly Southern Vietnam, proscribed) floor (including the ground floor)
    Synonym: tầng
    lầu trệt ― ground floor

#### Usage notes

In southern Vietnamese, all floors are called lầu and lầu trệt is actually attested, although both are proscribed. By contrast, in northern and central Vietnamese, floors are called tầng, the ground floor is called tầng trệt or numbered as tầng 1, and tầng 0 technically refers to a crawl space.

#### Derived terms

* cao lầu
* lầu bậc
* Lầu Năm Góc (“The Pentagon”)
* lầu son
* lầu trang
* lầu xanh
* nhà lầu

#### Related terms

* tầng

### References

* 1 2 VN Thing: Nội thất & Xây dựng (in Vietnamese), 2021 May 24 [2020 March 7]
* 1 2 “Tầng trệt là gì? Cách phân biệt tầng và lầu [Ngân Thịnh Design and Build]”, in Xây Dựng Ngân Thịnh (in Vietnamese), 2023 January 11
# angliskajai
## Latvian
### Adjective

angliskajai
* definite dative feminine singular of anglisks
# våga
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* våget
* vågde (simple past)
* vågd (past participle)

### Verb

våga
* inflection of våge:
** simple past
** past participle

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse vága, from Middle Low German wāgen. Compare Swedish våga and Danish vove. Doublet of vega ("to weigh").

### Verb

våga (present tense vågar or våger, past tense våga or vågde, past participle våga or vågd or vågt, present participle vågande)
* (also reflexive) to dare
    Synonyms: drista, tora
* (also reflexive) to venture
* to risk
* to bet, wager, stake

#### Alternative forms

* våge

### References

* “våga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Russenorsk
### Etymology

Inherited from Norwegian Nynorsk våg.

### Noun

våga
* a vog (Scandinavian measure unit with various mass, depending on geographical location) (from 18 up to 23 kg in Norway during the XIX century).
    galannja vågagalaňňa voga1.5 vog

### References

* Ingvild Broch, Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: A pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²voːɡa/
* Audio (Gotland):(file)
* Rhymes: -²oːɡa

### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish vāgha, from Old Norse vága, from Middle Low German wagen.

#### Verb

våga (present vågar, preterite vågade, supine vågat, imperative våga)
* to dare, to have enough courage (to do something)
    Synonym: töras
    Jag vågar inteI don't dare

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Related terms

* våghals
* våghalsig
* vågsam
* vågspel
* vågstycke

### Etymology 2

våg (“wave”) +‎ -a

#### Verb

våga (present vågar, preterite vågade, supine vågat, imperative våga)
* (transitive) to wave, to shape (hair) like a wave

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Related terms

* vågig

### Further reading

* våga in Svensk ordbok.

### Anagrams

* avgå, gå av, gåva
# Střížek
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstr̝̊iːʒɛk]

### Proper noun

Střížek m anim (female equivalent Střížková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Střížek”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)