# 姚

| 姚 | U+59DA, &#23002; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59DA |
| ← 姙 [U+59D9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 姛 → [U+59DB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

姚 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女中一人 (VLMO), four-corner 4241$_3$, composition ⿰女兆)

#### Derived characters

* 𢱐

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 259, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6202
* Dae Jaweon: page 525, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1046, character 3
* Unihan data for U+59DA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 姚 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 挑 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ |
| 洮 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew |
| 桃 | *l'aːw |
| 逃 | *l'aːw |
| 咷 | *l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws |
| 鼗 | *l'aːw |
| 鞉 | *l'aːw |
| 駣 | *l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ |
| 𣂁 | *sl̥ʰew |
| 脁 | *l̥ʰews |
| 晁 | *l'ew |
| 兆 | *l'ewʔ |
| 旐 | *l'ewʔ |
| 狣 | *l'ewʔ |
| 鮡 | *l'ewʔ, *l'eːw |
| 垗 | *l'ewʔ |
| 姚 | *lew |
| 珧 | *lew |
| 銚 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws |
| 恌 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw |
| 烑 | *lew |
| 餆 | *lew |
| 筄 | *lews |
| 艞 | *lews |
| 佻 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw |
| 祧 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 朓 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ |
| 庣 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 趒 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 聎 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 眺 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 覜 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 頫 | *l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ |
| 絩 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 跳 | *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 窕 | *l'eːwʔ |
| 誂 | *l'eːwʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáo (yao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jiu$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiau$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yèu
    (Hailu, HRS): rhau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ièu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ieo$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iâu / iô
    (Teochew, Peng'im): io$^5$ / iê$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^2$
*** Yale: yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^4$
*** Yale: yìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yiau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiau²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: ieu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yeu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yeu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhau
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒau⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /iau¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ièu
*** Sinological IPA : /ieu⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: á̤u
*** Sinological IPA : /ieu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâu
*** Tâi-lô: iâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iaau
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /iau²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, dated in Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iô
*** Tâi-lô: iô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iooi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /io²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: io$^5$ / iê$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iô / iê
*** Sinological IPA : /io⁵⁵/, /ie⁵⁵/
* io5 - Shantou;
* iê5 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: yew
Rime :
| Character | 姚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 餘昭切 |
| Baxter | yew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiaw/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lew/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 姚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16862 |
| Phonetic component | 兆 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遙 |
| Old Chinese | /*lew/ |

### Definitions

姚
* handsome; elegant
* Alternative form of 遙 / 遥 (yáo, “far; distant”)
* a surname
    姚明 ― Yáo Míng ― Yao Ming (Chinese basketball player)

#### Compounds

* 二姚
* 剽姚
* 姚冶
* 姚名達 / 姚名达
* 姚坪 (Yáopíng)
* 姚姒
* 姚姚
* 姚家店 (Yáojiādiàn)
* 姚崗 / 姚岗
* 姚廣孝 / 姚广孝
* 姚棚 (Yáopéng)
* 姚江
* 姚江學派 / 姚江学派
* 姚燧
* 姚興 / 姚兴
* 姚萇 / 姚苌
* 姚際恆 / 姚际恒
* 姚雪垠
* 姚黃紙 / 姚黄纸
* 姚黃魏紫 / 姚黄魏紫 (Yáohuáng Wèizǐ)
* 姚鼐
* 嫖姚
* 房杜姚宋
* 票姚
* 餘姚 / 余姚 (Yúyáo)
* 餘姚之學 / 余姚之学
* 餘姚縣 / 余姚县
* 驃姚 / 骠姚
* 魏紫姚黃 / 魏紫姚黄

#### Descendants

* → English: Yao, Yiu
* → Tagalog: Yao (via Hokkien)

### References

* “姚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 姚”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō)
* Kan-on: よう (yō)
* Kun: うつくしい (utsukushii, 姚しい)

## Korean
### Hanja

姚 (eumhun 예쁜 요 (yeppeun yo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

姚: Hán Nôm readings: diêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.