# ferio
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From Italian feria. Doublet of foiro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [feˈrio]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -io
* Hyphenation: fe‧ri‧o

### Noun

ferio (accusative singular ferion, plural ferioj, accusative plural feriojn)
* day off, holiday (day of vacation)
    banka feriobank holiday
* (in the plural) vacation, holidays
    someraj feriojsummer vacation

#### Derived terms

* feria (“of or related to days off”)
* ferii (“to vacation”)

### See also

* festotago (“holiday (day a festival is observed)”)

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ferjō, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”) through *bʰér-ye-ti perhaps with root-final laryngeal dropped in a prevocalic position; the o-grade reflex is attested in forō. Cognate with Albanian bie (“to fall”), Old English ġebered (“crushed, kneaded”), English berry (“to beat, thrash”), Old Armenian բերան (beran), Ancient Greek φᾰ́ρος (phắros, “plough”), φαράω (pharáō). More at berry.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to scrape, to cut”). Compare Middle Irish berna, Old High German berjan, Middle High German berjen, Old English bered, Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬲𐬌𐬠𐬁𐬭𐬀 (tižibāra).

### Verb

feriō (present infinitive ferīre, perfect active feriī, future active participle ferītūrus); fourth conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle
* to hit, to strike, to smite, to beat, to knock, injure
    Synonyms: mulcō, sauciō, īnfestō, tango, percutio, pello, discutio, pulsō, tundō, accido, affligo, percello, impingo, ico, verbero, vulnerō, secō, noceō, laedō
    Feriri a serpente.To be stung by a snake.
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.102–103:Tālia iactantī, strīdēns Aquilōne procellā vēlum adversa ferit, flūctūsque ad sīdera tollit.[Even as Aeneas is] crying out such [great words], a gust howling from the Northwind is striking [his] sail full on, and raising up waves to heaven. (The description of waves reaching the sky exemplifies hyperbole. The Northwind: See Aquilo; Anemoi, Anemoi.)
* to cut, to thrust
* (with accusative) to kill by striking, to slay, to give a deathblow
    aliquem securi ferire.To behead someone with an axe.
* (money) to strike, to stamp, to coin
    Asses sextantario pondere ferire.To strike asses only the sixth part of a pound.
** moneyer; in the Roman Republic, the abbreviation III. VIR. AAAFF. or even III. VIR. A.P.F. (tresviri ad pecuniam feriundum) was written on the coins, but it stood for:
    Tresviri aere argento auro flando feriundo.
       Three men for striking and casting bronze, silver and copper coins.
* to make a deal or contract or compact, covenant, or treaty
    Synonyms: ī̆cō, percutiō, pacīscor, pangō
* (figuratively) to strike, reach, affect
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.518:clāmor Aventīnī saxa propinqua feritThe cry strikes the nearby rocks of Aventine Hill. (See: Aventine Hill.)

#### Usage notes

* Perfect and passive forms are rare. Perfect forms and perfect passive participle are usually supplied by its synonym, percutio. Sometimes ictus, the perfect passive participle of īcō, is used.
* The verb form feriunt (“they strike”) had the archaic spelling ferinunt.

#### Derived terms

* secūrī feriō (I behead)
* foedus feriō (I make a compact, covenant or treaty)
* amōrum turpissimōrum foedera feriō (I form illicit connections)

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: firescu, afirescu, firiri
* Asturian: firir
* Catalan: ferir
* Franco-Provençal: fèrir
* French: férir
* Friulian: ferî
* Italian: ferire
* Leonese: ferire
* Occitan: ferir
* Old Galician-Portuguese: ferir
** Galician: ferir
** Portuguese: ferir
* Piedmontese: ferì
* Romanian: feri, ferire
* Sardinian: feríre, fèrrere, ferri, fèrriri
* Sicilian: firiri
* Spanish: herir, ferir
* Venetan: ferir

### References

* “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ferio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to beat one's brow: frontem ferire, percutere to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare to execute a person, cut off his head: securi percutere, ferire aliquem to conclude a treaty, an alliance: foedus facere (cum aliquo), icere, ferire
* Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1554-5

## Spanish
### Verb

ferio
* first-person singular present indicative of feriar