# goreng
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay goreng, from Classical Malay goreng. Onomatopoeic. Cognate with Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (goréng).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡorɛŋ/
* Hyphenation: go‧reng

### Adjective

gorèng
* fried; deep-fried

#### Derived terms

* bakmi goreng (“fried meat noodle”)
* mi goreng (“fried noodle”)
* nasi goreng (“fried rice”)

### Verb

gorèng
* to fry (process to make something dry and crispy or crunchy)
* (economics) to pump a price of a certain share or cryptocurrency
    saham perusahaan kecil itu digorengthat small company's stock shares are pumped

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* menggoreng [agent focus] (meN-)
* menggoreng-goreng [reduplication + agent focus] (redup + meN-)
* gorengan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* penggorengan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* minyak goreng (“cooking oil”)

### Further reading

* “goreng” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ |
| Pegon | |
| Roman | gorèng |

### Etymology

Cognate with Malay goreng.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡo.reŋ]
* Hyphenation: go‧reng
* Rhymes: -eŋ

### Verb

gorèng
* to fry (process to make something dry and crispy or crunchy)

#### Derived terms

* digoreng (“be fried”)
* gorengan (“fried food”)
* ngegoreng (“frying”)
* nggoreng (“frying”)

#### Compounds

* ꦱꦼꦒꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (sêgå gorèng)

#### Descendants

* → Osing: goreng
* → Tengger: goreng

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡo.reŋ/
* Rhymes: -eŋ

### Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic. Cognate with Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (goréng).

#### Verb

goréng (Jawi spelling ݢوريڠ)
* to fry, to cook something by partial contact woth or full immersion in hot oil
* (archaic) to roast grains (rice, nuts) directly on a hot wok or cauldron
* (Malaysia, colloquial) to improvise, to wing, to make stuff up on the spot
    Synonyms: hentam, lantak
    Goreng je jawapan tu ― Just make some answer up [to that question].

#### Adjective

goréng (Jawi spelling ݢوريڠ)
* fried

##### Derived terms

* ayam goreng (“fried chicken”)
* ikan goreng (“fried fish”)
* kentang goreng (“french fries”)
* mi goreng (“fried noodles”)
* nasi goreng (“fried rice”)
* pisang goreng (“fried banana”)
* telur goreng (“fried egg”)

##### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* menggoreng [agent focus] (meN-)
* menggorengkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* gorengan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* penggorengan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
* penggoreng [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* goreng celur (“deep-fry”)
* goreng jeluk (“deep-fry”)
* goreng kilas (“stir-fry”)
* goreng tohor (“pan-fry”)
* minyak goreng (“cooking oil”), frying oil
* minyak masak (“cooking oil”)

### Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic, imitating strummed guitar strings.

#### Verb

goréng (Jawi spelling ݢوريڠ)
* (Malaysia, music) Chiefly in rock and heavy metal: to shred i.e. play a guitar very fast and in a way that requires technical skill.

#### Noun

goreng (informal 1st possessive gorengku, 2nd possessive gorengmu, 3rd possessive gorengnya)
* (Malaysia, music) shredding, skill of plucking a guitar string at an upbeat tempo

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “ݢورڠ goreng”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 108
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “ݢورڠ goreng”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 581
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “goreng”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 154-5

### Further reading

* “goreng” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Osing
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (gorèng).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡo.rəŋ]
* Hyphenation: go‧reng
* Rhymes: -eŋ

### Verb

gorèng
* to fry (process to make something dry and crispy or crunchy)

## Tengger
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦫꦺꦁ (gorèng).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡo.rəŋ]
* Hyphenation: go‧reng
* Rhymes: -eŋ

### Verb

gorèng
* to fry (process to make something dry and crispy or crunchy)