# rebel
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English rebel, rebell, from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis (“waging war again; insurgent”), from rebellō (“I wage war again, fight back”), from re- (“again, back”) + bellō (“I wage war”).

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: rĕbʹəl, IPA: /ˈɹɛbəl/
* Audio (US):(file)

#### Noun

rebel (plural rebels)
* A person who resists an established authority, often violently.
    A group of rebels defied the general's orders and split off from the main army.
    My little sister is such a rebel - coming home late, piercing her ears, and refusing to do any of her chores.
* (US, historical) Synonym of Confederate: a citizen of the Confederate States of America, especially a Confederate soldier.

##### Derived terms

* Euro-rebel
* Johnny Reb
* reb
* rebel flag
* rebel without a cause
* rebel yell

##### Related terms

* rebellion
* rebellious

##### Translations

Albanian: rebel (sq) m
Arabic: مُتَمَرِّد m (mutamarrid), مُتَمَرِّدَة f (mutamarrida), ثَائِر m (ṯāʔir), عَاصٍ m (ʕāṣin)
Armenian: ապստամբ (hy) (apstamb)
Azerbaijani: üsyançı, qiyamçı
Belarusian: бунтаўшчы́к m (buntaŭščýk), паўста́нец m (paŭstánjec), бунта́р m (buntár)
Bengali: বিদ্রোহী (bn) (bidrōhi)
Bulgarian: бунто́вник (bg) m (buntóvnik), бунта́р (bg) m (buntár), въста́ник (bg) m (vǎstánik), мете́жник (bg) m (metéžnik)
Burmese: သူပုန် (my) (supun)
Catalan: rebel (ca) m or f
Chechen: please add this translation if you can
Chinese:
Mandarin: 反叛者 (fǎnpànzhě), 起義者 / 起义者 (zh) (qǐyìzhě)
Czech: povstalec m, rebel (cs) m, buřič m, vzbouřenec m
Danish: rebel (da) c, oprører c
Dutch: rebel (nl) m, opstandeling (nl) m
Egyptian: (sbj)
Esperanto: ribelulo
Estonian: mässaja, vastuhakkaja
Finnish: kapinallinen (fi), niskoittelija (fi), niskuri (fi)
French: rebelle (fr) m or f
Georgian: მეამბოხე (meamboxe), მეჯანყე (meǯanq̇e)
German: Rebell (de) m, Aufrührer (de) m
Greek: αντάρτης (el) m (antártis)
Ancient: ἀντάρτης m (antártēs)
Hebrew: מוֹרֵד (he) m (moréd)
Hindi: बाग़ी m (bāġī), बागी (hi) m (bāgī), विद्रोही (hi) m (vidrohī), द्रोही (hi) m (drohī)
Hungarian: lázadó (hu)
Icelandic: uppreisnarmaður (is) m
Indonesian: pendurhaka (id)
Italian: ribelle (it) m or f
Japanese: 反逆者 (ja) (はんぎゃくしゃ, hangyakusha)
Kazakh: бүлікші (bülıkşı), көтерілісші (köterılısşı)
Khmer: កុបករ (km) (kopaʼkɑɑ), អ្នកបះបោរ (nĕək bah bao)
Korean: 반역자(反逆者) (ko) (banyeokja)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: isyanker (ku), serhildêr (ku)
Kyrgyz: козголоңчу (kozgoloŋcu), көтөрүлүшчү (kötörülüşcü)
Lao: ກະບົດ (ka bot)
Latin: rebellis m
Latvian: nemiernieks m, dumpinieks m
Lithuanian: maištininkas m, maištininkė f, sukilėlis m, sukilėlė f
Macedonian: бунтовник m (buntovnik), востаник m (vostanik)
Malay: pemberontak
Maori: kaiwhana, hauhau
Marathi: बंडखोर m (baṇḍkhor)
Mon: ညးသပုန် (mnw)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: босогч (mn) (bosogč)
Norman: révolté m
Norwegian:
Bokmål: opprører m, rebell m
Nynorsk: opprørar m, rebell m
Pali: dāmarika m
Pashto: باغي m (bāǧi)
Persian: شورشی (fa) (šureši), یاغی (fa) (bâği)
Polish: buntownik (pl) m, buntowniczka f, powstaniec (pl) m
Portuguese: rebelde (pt) m or f
Romanian: rebel (ro) m, rebelă f
Russian: бунтовщи́к (ru) m (buntovščík), бунтовщи́ца (ru) f (buntovščíca), повста́нец (ru) m (povstánec), мяте́жник (ru) m (mjatéžnik), мяте́жница (ru) f (mjatéžnica), бунта́рь (ru) m (buntárʹ), бунта́рка (ru) f (buntárka)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: побуњѐнӣк m, побуњѐница f, у̀станӣк m, у̀станица f, бу̀нто̄внӣк m, бу̀нто̄вница f
Roman: pobunjènīk (sh) m, pobunjènica (sh) f, ùstanīk (sh) m, ùstanica (sh) f, bùntōvnīk (sh) m, bùntōvnica (sh) f
Slovak: povstalec m, burič m, vzbúrenec m
Slovene: upornik (sl) m
Spanish: rebelde (es) m or f
Swahili: mwasi
Swedish: rebell (sv) c, upprorsman (sv) m
Tajik: шӯришгар (šürišgar), исёнгар (isyongar), балвогар (balvogar), исёнкор (isyonkor)
Thai: กบฏ (th) (gà-bòt)
Turkish: isyancı (tr)
Turkmen: gozgalaňçy
Ukrainian: бунтівни́к (uk) m (buntivnýk), повста́нець m (povstánecʹ), бунта́р (uk) m (buntár)
Urdu: باغی m (bāġī)
Uyghur: ئىسيانچى (isyanchi), غەلىيانچى (gheliyanchi)
Uzbek: isyonchi (uz), qoʻzgʻolonchi (uz)
Vietnamese: người nổi loạn, người phiến loạn
Welsh: gwrthryfelwr m
Yiddish: רעבעל m (rebel), אויפֿשטאַנדלער m (oyfshtandler), אויפֿשטענדלער m (oyfshtendler), בונטאָווניק m (buntovnik), בונטאַר m (buntar)
Zazaki: isyankar c, xoverdar c :

### Etymology 2

From Middle English rebellen, from Old French rebeller, from Latin rebellō (“I wage war again, fight back”), from re- (“again, back”) + bellō (“I wage war”). Doublet of revel.

#### Pronunciation

* (URP) enPR: rĭ-bĕlʹ, IPA: /ɹɪˈbɛl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛl

#### Verb

rebel (third-person singular simple present rebels, present participle rebelling, simple past and past participle rebelled)
* (intransitive) To resist or become defiant toward an authority.
    to rebel against the system
** 2014 April 17, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Thursday, Apr 17, 2014:"Tedd's feeling a bit rebellious." "I'm not rebelling! I'm self actualizing! By rebelling."

##### Synonyms

* defy

##### Antonyms

* obey
* submit

##### Translations

Arabic: تَمَرَّدَ (tamarrada), (imperfect) يَتَمَرَّدُ (yatamarradu)
Egyptian Arabic: اتمرد (itmárrad)
Armenian: ապստամբել (hy) (apstambel)
Belarusian: бунтава́ць impf (buntavácʹ), бунтава́цца impf (buntavácca), паўстава́ць impf (paŭstavácʹ), паўста́ць pf (paŭstácʹ)
Bulgarian: бунту́вам се (bg) impf (buntúvam se), въста́вам (bg) impf (vǎstávam), въста́на pf (vǎstána)
Chechen: please add this translation if you can
Chinese:
Mandarin: 反叛 (zh) (fǎnpàn), 造反 (zh) (zàofǎn), 反抗 (zh) (fǎnkàng), 起義 / 起义 (zh) (qǐyì)
Czech: bouřit se
Danish: rebel (da)
Dutch: rebelleren (nl), opstaan (nl)
Egyptian: (sbj)
Esperanto: ribeli
Finnish: kapinoida (fi), niskuroida (fi)
French: se rebeller (fr)
Georgian: please add this translation if you can
German: rebellieren (de), sich auflehnen, aufbegehren (de)
Greek: επαναστατήσει (el) (epanastatísei)
Hebrew: מָרַד (he) (marád)
Hindi: बग़ावत करना (baġāvat karnā), द्रोह करना (droh karnā), विद्रोह करना (vidroh karnā)
Italian: ribellarsi (it)
Japanese: 背く (ja) (somuku), 抗う (ja) (aragau), 反逆する (ja) (hangyaku suru), 反抗する (ja) (hankō suru)
Korean: 모반하다 (mobanhada)
Latin: rebellō
Lithuanian: maištauti
Maori: whana
Marathi: बंड करणे (baṇḍa karṇe)
Ottoman Turkish: قالقمق (kalkmak), آیاقلانمق (ayaklanmak)
Polish: buntować się (pl)
Portuguese: rebelar (pt)
Russian: бунтова́ть (ru) (buntovátʹ), взбунтова́ться (ru) pf (vzbuntovátʹsja), восстава́ть (ru) impf (vosstavátʹ), восста́ть (ru) pf (vosstátʹ)
Scottish Gaelic: èirich
Serbo-Croatian: búniti (sh), pobúniti (sh)
Slovak: búriť sa impf
Spanish: rebelarse (es)
Swahili: kuasi (+ direct object) (sw)
Swedish: göra uppror, rebellera (sv), resa sig
Thai: ก่อกบฏ (gɔ̀ɔ-gà-bòt), กบฏ (th) (gà-bòt)
Turkish: isyan etmek (tr)
Ukrainian: бунтува́ти (uk) impf (buntuváty), повстава́ти impf (povstaváty), повста́ти pf (povstáty)
Welsh: gwrthryfela (cy)
Zazaki: isyan kerden :

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rebellis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [rəˈβɛl]
* IPA: (Balearic) [rəˈbɛl]
* IPA: (Valencia) [reˈbɛl]

### Adjective

rebel m or f (masculine and feminine plural rebels)
* rebellious
* persistent, stubborn

#### Derived terms

* rebel·lia
* rebel·lió

### Noun

rebel m or f by sense (plural rebels)
* rebel

#### Related terms

* rebel·lar-se

### Further reading

* “rebel” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Rebell.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɛbɛl]

### Noun

rebel m anim (female equivalent rebelka)
* rebel
    Synonym: povstalec m
    Je to věčný rebel. ― He is an eternal rebel.

#### Related terms

* rebelant
* rebelantský
* rebelie
* rebelský

### Further reading

* “rebel”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “rebel”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “rebel”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch rebel, from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis (“waging war again; insurgent”), from rebellō (“I wage war again, fight back”), from re- (“again, back”) + bellō (“I wage war”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rəˈbɛl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: re‧bel
* Rhymes: -ɛl

### Noun

rebel m (plural rebellen, diminutive rebelletje n)
* rebel
    Synonym: opstandeling

#### Derived terms

* rebellie
* rebels

### Adjective

rebel (not comparable)
* (obsolete) rebellious
    Synonyms: opstandig, rebels

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis.

#### Alternative forms

* rabell, rebell, rebelle, reble, rebul, rebyll

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛbɛl/, /ˈrɛbəl/, /ˈrɛːbəl/

#### Noun

rebel (plural rebels or rebelx) (chiefly Late Middle English)
* A sinner (as one who rebels against a deity)
* A rebel (combatant against the extant government)
* One who refuses to follow directives or regulations; a rulebreaker.
* (rare) An uprising or revolt against one's authorities.
* (rare) One's opponent; an enemy individual.

##### Derived terms

* rebellen
* rebellioun
* rebellious
* rebelloure
* rebellyng
* rebelnesse
* rebelte

##### Descendants

* English: rebel
* Scots: rebel

##### References

* “rebel, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-16.
* “rebel, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-16.

#### Adjective

rebel
* Treasonous, rebelling; leading an insurrection.
* Sinful, iniquitous; defying the commands of a divine authority.
* Disobedient, undutiful; refusing to follow directives or laws, or rules.
* (rare) Refractory, set in one's ways or opinions.
* (rare) Impatient, overly hurried or quick.

##### References

* “rebel, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-16.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

rebel
* Alternative form of rebellen

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French rebelle, from Latin Rebelle.

### Adjective

rebel m or n (feminine singular rebelă, masculine plural rebeli, feminine and neuter plural rebele)
* rebel, insurgent