# cortina
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”). Doublet of curtain.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪnə

### Noun

cortina (plural cortinas)
* (mycology) A cobweb-like annulus on certain types of mushroom.
** 2004, Ursula Peintner, Jean-Marc Moncalvo, Rytas Vilgalys, “Toward a better understanding of the infrageneric relationships in Cortinarius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)”, in Mycologia, volume 96, number 5, →DOI, page 1054:/Telamonia morphologically circumscribes a homogenous group of Cortinarii. Hygrophanous pilei, the lack of viscid or gelatinous veils and well-developed cortinas characterize most species.

#### Derived terms

* cortinal

### See also

* velum

### Anagrams

* C-ration, Nicotra, anticor, carotin, nicator

## Aragonese
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: cor‧ti‧na

### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “cortina”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
* “cortina”, in Aragonario, diccionario aragonés–castellano (in Spanish)

## Asturian
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/ [koɾˈt̪i.na]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Hyphenation: cor‧ti‧na

### Noun

cortina f (plural cortines)
* curtain (piece of cloth covering a window)

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kurˈti.nə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [koɾˈti.na]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortines)
* curtain

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“bit of enclosed land”).

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortines)
* pigsty

### References

* “cortina” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* curtiña

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cortina~cortinha, from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/ [koɾˈt̪i.nɐ]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Hyphenation: cor‧ti‧na

### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cortina”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cortina”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cortina”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cortina”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cortina”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /korˈti.na/
* Rhymes: -ina
* Hyphenation: cor‧tì‧na

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortine)
* curtain

##### Derived terms

* cortina di ferro (“Iron Curtain”)
* oltrecortina

#### References

* cortina$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Latin cortīna (“sacred tripod of Apollo”).

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortine)
* sacred tripod of Apollo

#### References

* cortina$^2$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* Nicotra, cantori, cartoni, contrai, cornati, cratoni, incarto, incartò, notrica, ricanto, ricantò, riconta, trancio, tranciò, troncai

## Latin
### Etymology 1

Uncertain. Sometimes attributed to Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“turn; bend”), via a hypothetical passive past participle *kṛto- (“bent”), but this is dubious. Attested from Plautus onward.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /korˈtiː.na/, [kɔrˈt̪iːnä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /korˈti.na/, [korˈt̪iːnä]

#### Noun

cortīna f (genitive cortīnae); first declension
* cauldron, kettle
* the sacred tripod of Apollo (in the form of a cauldron)
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 3.90–92:vix ea fatus eram tremere omnia visa repente liminaque laurusque dei totusque moveri mons circum et mugire adytis cortina reclusisI had scarcely uttered these words when suddenly everything seemed to shake—the holy thresholds, the god's laurel tree—and the entire mountain stirred, and as the temple's inner sanctum was revealed the sacred tripod bellowed.

##### Declension

First-declension noun.

##### Derived terms

* cortīnipotēns

##### Descendants

* → Italian: cortina
* → Middle French: courtine

### Etymology 2

From cōrt- (“courtyard”) +‎ -īna, a calque of Ancient Greek αὐλαία (aulaía, “curtain”) < αὐλή (aulḗ, “courtyard”). First attested in the fourth century CE. Unrelated to Etymology 1.

#### Alternative forms

* curtīna

#### Noun

cōrtīna f (genitive cōrtīnae); first declension (Late Latin)
* curtain

##### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: cortina
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: cortina
** Old French: cortine (see there for further descendants)
** Old Occitan: cortina
*** Occitan: cortina
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: cortina
** Asturian: cortina
** Old Spanish: cortina
*** Spanish: cortina (see there for further descendants)
** Old Galician-Portuguese: cortina, cortinha (also common)
*** Galician: cortina, curtiña
*** Portuguese: cortina
* Borrowings:
** → English: cortina
** ⇒ Translingual: Cortinarius

### Etymology 3

From cōrt- (“yard; enclosure”) +‎ -īna (late 'vulgar' diminutive ending). Attested from at least ca. 560 CE (Paulus Galeatensis).

#### Alternative forms

* curtīna, curtīnum, curtānea

#### Noun

cōrtīna f (genitive cōrtīnae); first declension (Late Latin)
* bit of enclosed land (for various purposes)

##### Descendants

* Catalan: cortina
* Old Spanish: cortina
** Spanish: cortina (regional)
* Old Galician-Portuguese: cortinha, cortinna, cortiinna, cortynna, cortina, cortyna
** Galician: cortiña, cortía, curtiña
** Portuguese: cortinha

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cortīna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cortīna”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1237
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “cortina”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 216
* ↑ Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “curtina”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 294

### Further reading

* “cortina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “cortina”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "cortina", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* “cortina”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “cortina”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Old Occitan cortina, from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuɾˈtino/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).
The form with /ɲ/ ⟨nh⟩ represents the regular native outcome. The form with ⟨n⟩ /n/ appears to reflect influence either from Old Spanish cortina or the original Latin. Either way, it provided a means of avoiding homophony with etymology 2.

#### Alternative forms

* cortinha (also common)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/, /koɾˈtiɲa/

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain
** 1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica. page 295:
    mando esta mia cama assy como iaz con sous panos et con suas cortinas et ceoI bequeath this bed of mine as it is, together with its bedding, curtains, and canopy

##### Descendants

* Galician: cortina, curtiña
* Portuguese: cortina

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cortina”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* Alternative form of cortinha (“plot of land”)

## Old Occitan
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuɾˈtina/

### Noun

cortina f (oblique plural cortinas, nominative singular cortina, nominative plural cortinas)
* curtain

#### Descendants

* Occitan: cortina

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cortina”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 1236

## Old Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/

### Etymology 1

From Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”). First attested in Berceo.

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain

##### Descendants

* Spanish: cortina (see there for further descendants)

#### References

* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “cortina”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 216

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Late Latin cōrtīna (“bit of enclosed land”). First attested in 1118.

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* bit of enclosed land

##### Descendants

* Spanish: cortina (regional)

#### References

* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “corte”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 214

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cortina~cortinha, from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /koʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [kohˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ], /kuʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [kuhˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /koʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [kohˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ], /kuʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [kuhˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /koɾˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/, /kuɾˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /koʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [koχˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ], /kuʁˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ/ [kuχˈt͡ʃĩ.nɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /koɻˈt͡ʃi.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kuɾˈti.nɐ/
* (Northeast Brazil) IPA: /kuhˈti.nɐ/
* (Rural Central Brazil) IPA: /kuɹˈt͡ʃi.nɐ/
* Hyphenation: cor‧ti‧na

### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain (piece of cloth covering a window)

#### Derived terms

* acortinar
* cortina de ferro
* Cortina de Ferro
* cortina de fumaça
* encortinar

### Further reading

* “cortina”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾˈtina/ [koɾˈt̪i.na]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: cor‧ti‧na

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish cortina, from Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas)
* curtain
    Synonym: telón

##### Derived terms

* cortina de ducha
* Cortina de Hierro
* cortina de humo
* cortinaje
* cortinilla

##### Descendants

* → Bikol Central: kurtina
* → Cebuano: kortina
* → Sambali: kortina
* → Tagalog: kortina
* → Yogad: kurtina

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Spanish cortina, from Late Latin cōrtīna (“bit of enclosed land”). Found in Salamanca and Cespedosa de Tormes.

#### Noun

cortina f (plural cortinas) (regional, Spain)
* bit of enclosed land

#### References

* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “corte”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 214

#### Further reading

* “cortina”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10