# 葛

| 葛 | U+845B, &#33883; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-845B |
| ← 葚 [U+845A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 葜 → [U+845C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

葛 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿日心女 (TAPV), four-corner 4472$_7$, composition ⿱艹曷)

#### Derived characters

* 噶 嶱 擖 㵧 獦 礍 臈 䗶 譪 轕(𮝺)
* 𡑪 𢢖 𤩲 𥢸 𧝶 𦅶 𨆍 𨭛 𩍛 𩦞 𩼙 𪙰 𣰌 𥀥 𨞛 𪆰(𬸭) 𩯝
* 𭥅 𭶎 𭁞 𭭸 𮤅

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31420
* Dae Jaweon: page 1506, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3248, character 3
* Unihan data for U+845B

## Chinese

* 葛 (植物) (Written Standard Chinese)
* 葛姓 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Pueraria montana (English)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 葛 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːd): semantic 艹 + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gé, gě (ge$^2$, ge$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ, ㄍㄜˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): got$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kot
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kat / koah
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guah$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$keq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gé
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gé
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^2$
*** Yale: gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
*** Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gě
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gě
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^3$
*** Yale: gě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gee
*** Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ²¹⁴/
* gě - standard in surname sense;
* gé - other senses.
* Middle Chinese: kat
Rime :
| Character | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古達切 |
| Baxter | kat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ge |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | got$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤat/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kat › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁat/ |
| English | Dolichos; kudzu |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5022 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葛 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːd/ |

#### Definitions

葛
* kudzu (Pueraria lobata)
* poplin; hemp cloth
* (～國) State of Ge (a small state in modern Henan province during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties)
* a surname
    葛洪 ― Gě Hóng ― Ge Hong (Eastern Jin Dynasty scholar)

#### Compounds

* 九重葛
* 冶葛
* 扳藤附葛
* 攀藤攬葛 / 攀藤揽葛
* 攀藤附葛
* 杯葛
* 杯葛運動 / 杯葛运动
* 瓜葛 (guāgé)
* 瓜葛之親 / 瓜葛之亲
* 糾葛 / 纠葛 (jiūgé)
* 紫葛 (zǐgé)
* 膠葛 / 胶葛
* 葛光 (Gěguāng)
* 葛城 (Gěchéng)
* 葛屨 / 葛屦
* 葛屨履霜 / 葛屦履霜
* 葛巴丁
* 葛巾
* 葛巾漉酒
* 葛布 (gébù)
* 葛牌 (Gěpái)
* 葛生
* 葛粉 (géfěn)
* 葛萊美獎 / 葛莱美奖
* 葛藤 (géténg)
* 葛藟
* 葛衣
* 葛覃
* 葛越
* 蕉葛
* 藤攀葛繞 / 藤攀葛绕
* 裘葛
* 裘葛之遺 / 裘葛之遗
* 詭負葛藤 / 诡负葛藤
* 諸葛 / 诸葛 (Zhūgě)
* 諸葛四郎 / 诸葛四郎
* 諸葛巾 / 诸葛巾
* 諸葛燈 / 诸葛灯
* 采葛
* 野葛 (yěgé)
* 黃金葛 / 黄金葛

### Etymology 2

From 個／个.

#### Pronunciation

* Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): $^7$keq; $^0$keq
* Wu
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$keq; $^0$keq
*** MiniDict: keh$^入$; keh
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kəʔ⁴³/, /kəʔ/

#### Definitions

葛
* (dialectal Wu) this
* (Northern Wu, including Suzhounese) Alternative form of 個 / 个 (possessive particle)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 此, 斯, 是, 之, 茲 anteclassical, 夫, 爾 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 這 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 呢, 依 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 呢, 依 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 該 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 果 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 阿 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 呢, 依 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 箇 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 箇 |
| Gan | Anyi | 箇 |
| Gan | Lushan | 箇 |
| Gan | Duchang | 箇 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 該 |
| Gan | Poyang | 箇 |
| Gan | Yugan | 該 |
| Gan | Wannian | 該 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 這 |
| Gan | Yichun | 箇 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 箇 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 箇 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 箇 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 里 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 箇 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 該 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 該 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 該 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 箇 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 箇 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 箇 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 箇 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 該 |
| Gan | Chongren | 該 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 該 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 蓋 |
| Gan | Taihe | 箇 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 該 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 箇 |
| Gan | Guixi | 箇 |
| Gan | Jianning | 個 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 箇 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 箇 |
| Gan | Le'an | 該 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 改 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 底 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 介 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 箇 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 該 |
| Gan | Xingan | 個 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 改 |
| Hakka | Changting | 爾 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 只 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 這 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 底 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 底 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 底 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 底 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 底 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 底 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 界 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 這 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 這 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 這 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 這 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 這 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 伊 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 這 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 這 |
| Jin | Datong | 這 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 這 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 這 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 這 |
| Jin | Linhe | 這 |
| Jin | Jining | 這 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 這 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 這 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 這 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 這 |
| Jin | Handan | 這 |
| Jin | Suide | 這 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𱕇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 只, 者, 嚽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 者 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 這 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 只, 這 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 這 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 這 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 這 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 這 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 這 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 這 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 只 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 這 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 這 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 這 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 迄好 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 這 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 只 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 只 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 只 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 只 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 只 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 只 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 這 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 這 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 這 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 只蜀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 只蜀 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 這 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 這 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 當 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 者 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 只 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 這 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 亞 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 這 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 個 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿, 迭 dated, 第 obsolete |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 搿 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Fengxian) | 格 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jinshan) | 格 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吉, 講, 葛 also that |
| Wu | Suzhou | 哀, 該, 搿 also that |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 個 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 意 |
| Wu | Changshu | 俚 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 葛 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 葛 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 葛 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 葛 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 葛 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 資 |
| Wu | Danyang | 格 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 格 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 格 |
| Wu | Changxing | 格 |
| Wu | Anji | 格 |
| Wu | Deqing | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 葛 |
| Wu | Tonglu (Wusheng) | 個個 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 咸 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 咸 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 咸 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 咸 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 葛 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 葛 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 耶 |
| Wu | Cixi | 葛 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 葛 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 葛 |
| Wu | Wenling | 葛, 格 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 個 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 個 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 個 |
| Wu | Rui'an | 個 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 個 |
| Wu | Taishun | 這 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 個 |
| Wu | Lishui | 已 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 已 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 已 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 益 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 益 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 這 |
| Wu | Longquan | 搭 |
| Wu | Suichang | 益 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 益 |
| Wu | Changshan | 益 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 益 |
| Wu | Longyou | 個 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 等, 待 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 吾 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 個 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 這, 吉 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 個 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 愛個 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 個 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 這 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 伊 |
| Wu | Yushan | 伊 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 咯 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 咯 |

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: かち (kachi)
* Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: くず (kuzu, 葛, Jōyō)、かずら (kazura, 葛)、つづら (tsuzura, 葛)
* Nanori: かず (kazu)、かつら (katsura)、かど (kado)、さち (sachi)、つら (tsura)、ふじ (fuji)

#### Compounds

* 葛飾(かつしか) (Katsushika)
* 葛城(かつらぎ) (Katsuragi)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* かずら Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 蔓
⟨kadura⟩ → /kad͡zuɾa/ → /kazuɾa/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kantura. Cognate with Okinawan 葛 (kanda).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かずら [kàzúrá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠zɨɾa̠]

#### Noun

葛(かずら) • (kazura)
* creepers or creeping plants
* (architecture) the level material on to which the foundations of a structure are lain
* the hoop of a barrel or other cylindrical object
* a type of fishing net

##### Derived terms

* 葛(かずら)掛(か)け (kazurakake)
* 葛(かずら)縄(なわ) (kazuranawa)
* 葛(かずら)引(ひ)き (kazurahiki)
* 縁(えん)葛(かずら) (enkazura)
* 靫葛(ウツボカズラ) (utsubokazura)
* 扇葛(オウギカズラ) (ōgikazura)
* 火炎葛(カエンカズラ) (kaen kazura)
* 鉤(カギ)葛(カズラ) (kagikazura)
* 実葛(サネカズラ) (sanekazura)
* 吸葛(スイカズラ) (suikazura)
* 千歳葛(チトセカズラ) (chitose kazura)
* 釣鐘葛(ツリガネカズラ) (tsurigane kazura)
* 定家葛(テイカカズラ) (Teika kazura)
* 根無葛(ネナシカズラ) (nenashikazura)
* 袴葛(ハカマカズラ) (hakama kazura)
* 風(フウ)船(セン)葛(カズラ) (fūsen kazura)
* 屁(ヘ)糞(クソ)葛(カズラ) (hekuso kazura)
* 蛍葛(ホタルカズラ) (hotarukazura)
* 羅生門葛(ラショウモンカズラ) (Rashōmon kazura)
* 矢筈葛(ヤハズカズラ) (yahazu kazura)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* くず Grade: S
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くず [kúꜜzù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kɯ̟zɨ]

#### Noun

葛(くず) or 葛(クズ) • (kuzu)
* Japanese arrowroot (Pueraria montana)
* Short for 葛粉 (kuzuko): starch made from pounded kudzu root
* Short for 葛溜まり (kuzudamari) or 葛餡 (kuzuan): a sweet sauce made from kudzu starch
* Short for 葛布 (kuzununo/kuzufu): cloth made from kudzu fiber

##### Derived terms

* 葛(くず)餡(あん) (kuzuan)
* 葛(くず)桶(おけ) (kuzuoke)
* 葛鬱金(クズウコン) (kuzūkon)
* 葛(くず)蔓(かずら) (kuzukazura)
* 葛(くず)粉(こ) (kuzuko)
* 葛(くず)布(ぬの) (kuzununo)
* 葛(くず)引(ひ)き (kuzuhiki)
* 葛(くず)布(ふ) (kuzufu)

##### Descendants

* → English: kudzu

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* つづら Grade: S
* kun'yomi
⟨tudura⟩ → /t͡sud͡zuɾa/ → /t͡suzuɾa/
From Old Japanese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つづら [tsùzúrá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨzɨɾa̠]

#### Noun

葛(つづら) or 葛(ツヅラ) • (tsuzura)
* Short for 葛藤 (tsuzurafuji): Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum​)
* Short for 葛籠 (tsuzurako): a wicker basket used for holding clothes
* Short for 葛折り (tsuzuraori): something winding or zigzaggy, especially a road at a hill-slope
* a style of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “color combination by layering of garments”), of bluish black over light (or pale) blue

##### Derived terms

* 葛(つづら)箙(えびら) (tsuzuraebira)
* 葛(つづら)笠(がさ) (tsuzuragasa)
* 葛(つづら)切(きっ)付(つけ) (tsuzura kittsuke)
* 葛(つづら)帽(ぼう)子(し) (tsuzurabōshi)
* 革(かわ)葛(つづら) (kawatsuzura)
* 熊(クマ)葛(ツヅラ) (kumatsuzura)

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* かつ Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 葛 (MC kat).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ka̠t͡sɨ]

#### Affix

葛(かつ) • (katsu)
* creeper
* cloth made from kudzu fibers

##### Derived terms

* 葛(かっ)屨(く) (kakku)
* 葛(かっ)根(こん) (kakkon)
* 葛(かっ)藤(とう) (kattō)
* 葛(かっ)布(ぷ) (kappu)
* 裘(きゅう)葛(かつ) (kyūkatsu)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 葛 (MC kat).

### Hanja

葛 (eumhun 칡 갈 (chik gal))
* hanja form of 갈 (“arrowroot, kudzu”)

#### Compounds

* 갈등 (葛藤, galdeung, “conflict”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: くずぃ (kudzï, 葛)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* くずぃ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Cognate with Yaeyama 葛 (kuzï), Okinawan 葛 (kuji), and Japanese 葛 (kuzu).
Perhaps from Proto-Ryukyuan *kozu, itself from Proto-Japonic *konsu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kuzz]

### Noun

葛(くずぃ) (kudzï)
* Japanese arrowroot (Pueraria montana)

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かち (kachi)
* Kun: くじ (kuji, 葛)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 葛
* くじ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Perhaps from Proto-Ryukyuan *kozu.

### Pronunciation

* (Shuri) くじ [kùjì] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kuʑi]

### Noun

葛(くじ) (kuji)
* Short for 葛粉 (kujikū): starch made from pounded kudzu root

#### Derived terms

* 葛(くじ)固(がた)み (kujigatami)

### References

* ↑ Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)

## Old Japanese
### Compounds

* 葛根 (kadune)
* 葛城 (Kaduragi₂)
* 石葛 (ipatuna)
* 野老葛 (to₂ko₂ro₂tura)

### Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Japonic *kantura.

#### Noun

葛 (kadura) (kana かづら)
* a creeper, creeping plant

##### Derived terms

* 屎葛 (kuso₁kadura)
* さな葛 (sanakadura)
* さね葛 (sanekadura)
* 玉葛 (tamakadura)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 葛, 蔓 (kazura)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Japonic *konsu.

#### Noun

葛 (kuzu) (kana くず)
* Japanese arrowroot (Pueraria montana)

##### Derived terms

* 葛葉 (kuzupa)
* 葛花 (kuzupana)
* 葛原 (kuzupara)
* 夏葛 (natukuzu)
* 這ふ葛の (papu kuzu no₂)
* 眞葛 (makuzu)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 葛 (kuzu)

### Etymology 3

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Cognate with verb 續く (tuduku, “to continue”)?”

#### Noun

葛 (tudura) (kana つづら)
* any climbing plant or vine, such as Chinese moonseed (Sinomenium acutum​)

##### Derived terms

* 霜黑葛 (simotudura)
* 濱葛 (pamatudura)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 葛 (tsuzura)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

葛: Hán Nôm readings: cát, nhật
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.