OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# lašas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Cognate with Latvian làse (“drop”), as well as perhaps dialectal Russian ла́са (lása, “shiny spot”), лоса́ (losá, “sunlit surface of water”), and ласит (lasit, “to stain”). The Balto-Slavic words seem to trace back to a Proto-Indo-European *leḱ- (“to sprinkle (?)”), but further interpretation and cognates are unclear:
* Often compared with lašišà (“salmon”); see Latvian lasis (“salmon; (dialectal) drop”) for more.
* Has been compared to Sanskrit लश (laśa, “gum, resin”) and लाक्षा (lākṣā, “lac dye or bug”); the former is semantically bold, while the latter's origin is similarly murky, thus making formal analysis difficult.
Related to lašė́ti (“to drip”), and by surface analysis, a nominal formation from it.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

lãšas m (plural lašaĩ) stress pattern 4 (diminutive lašẽlis)
* drop
* bit

#### Derived terms

* lietaus lašas (“raindrop”)

#### See also

* rasà (“dew”)
* ãšara (“tear”)

### References

* ↑ “lãšas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 646 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
* ↑ “lašėti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “lašė́ti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 337-8
* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “lašas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 274
* ↑ “lãšišas” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 647 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
* ↑ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “lãšas”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume I, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 341
* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “lãšas”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 337
* 1 2 Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN

### Further reading

* “lašas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* “lašas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
# נבוכדנאצר
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* נבוכדנצר

### Etymology

A corruption of earlier נְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר (Nəḇûḵaḏreʾṣṣár), from Akkadian 𒀭𒀝𒃻𒁺𒋀 (Nabû-kudurrī-uṣur, “Nabu protect my boundary/heir”)

### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew, Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /nəˌbuː.xað.nɛsˤˈsˤar/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ne.vu.χad.ˈne.t͡saʁ/, /ne.vu.χadˈne.t͡seʁ/, /ne.vu.χad.ne.ˈt͡saʁ/, /ne.bu-/

### Proper noun

נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּר‬ • (n'vukhadnetsár)
* Nebuchadnezzar

#### References

* H5019 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# full bikini wax
## English
### Noun

full bikini wax (plural full bikini waxes)
* A Brazilian wax.
# Epipactis
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Epipactis
* A taxonomic genus within the family Orchidaceae – helleborine.
# קריזה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

Internationalism. Compare French crise and English crisis.

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ˈkriza/

### Noun

קְרִיזָה • (kríza) f (plural indefinite קְרִיזוֹת)
* a negative fit of emotion or rage

### See also

* התקף
* משבר

### Anagrams

* הזריק
* זריקה
# יחידה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From יָחִיד (yakhíd).

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /jeχiˈda/

### Noun

יְחִידָה • (y'khidá) f (plural indefinite יְחִידוֹת, singular construct יְחִידַת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]
* A unit, an organizational unit: a component of an organization, such as a military unit or a police unit.
* (physics) A unit, a unit of measure: a standardized amount, such as a unit of length or a unit of energy.
* A unit: one of a group of similar items.
* A unit: a component of a machine, such as a logic unit or a processing unit.
* A unit (of a substance): a quantity that may be purchased, transported, etc.
* A unit, unity: the number one.

#### Declension
### Adjective

יְחִידָה • (y'khidá)
* feminine singular indefinite form of יָחִיד (yakhíd).
# theft
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English theft, thefte, þefte, þefþe, þiefþe, Old English þīefþ, from Proto-West Germanic *þiubiþu, from Proto-Germanic *þiubiþō, from *þeubaz (“thief”), equivalent to thief +‎ -th or thieve +‎ -th. Cognate with Old Frisian thiuvethe, thiufthe (“theft”), dialectal Dutch diefte (“theft”), obsolete German Diebde (“theft”), Icelandic þýfð (“theft”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /θɛft/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛft

### Noun

theft (countable and uncountable, plural thefts)
* The act of stealing property.
    Hyponyms: robbery, conquest
    resource theft
    Bike theft is on the rise.
    A suspect was arrested for the theft of a gold necklace.
** 2007 July 5, Charles Hugh Smith, When Lies Become Normal, Is Truth Dead or Just in Hiding?‎:If you steal a candy bar, you are guilty of theft, regardless of the value.

#### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:theft

#### Derived terms

* grand theft
* grand theft auto
* identity theft
* joke theft
* petty theft
* retail theft
* theft by finding
* time theft
* wage theft

#### Related terms

* thief
* thieve

#### See also

* nick
* steal
* TWOC

#### Further reading

* theft on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Middle English
### Noun

theft
* Alternative form of thefte
# garā
## Latvian
### Noun

garā m
* locative singular of gars

### Adjective

garā
* locative singular masculine/feminine of garš

### Adjective

garā
* inflection of garais:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative/vocative singular feminine
# cantilène
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cantilēna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑ̃.ti.lɛn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cantilène f (plural cantilènes)
* (music) cantilena; a lyrical text
    La cantilène de sainte EulalieThe canticle of Saint Eulalia
* (by extension) a repetitive, gloomy song

### Further reading

* “cantilène”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# ġara
## Maltese
### Etymology 1

From Arabic جَرَى (jarā).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒa.ra/

#### Verb

ġara (imperfect jiġri)
* to happen; to take place

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Arabic جَارَة (jāra).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒaː.ra/

#### Noun

ġara f (plural ġirien, masculine ġar)
* female equivalent of ġar: a female neighbour
# гара
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* hara — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

From Old Belarusian гора (hora), from Old East Slavic гора (gora), from Proto-Slavic *gorà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *garā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-. Cognates include Ukrainian гора (hora) and Polish góra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɣaˈra]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

гара́ • (hará) f inan (genitive гары́, nominative plural го́ры, genitive plural гор)
* mountain

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

#### Related terms

* гары́сты (harýsty)
* го́рны (hórny)
* го́рскі (hórski)

### References

* “гара” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French gare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡarɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

га́ра • (gára) f
* (transport) (train) station
    Synonym: ста́нция (stáncija)

#### Declension
### References

* “гара”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “гара”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Evenki
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *gara, cognate with Even гар (gar), Manchu ᡤᠠᡵᡤᠠᠨ (gargan), etc.

### Noun

гара • (gara)
* branch

## Nanai
### Noun

гара (gara)
* branch
# earthmoving
## English
### Alternative forms

* earth-moving

### Etymology

From earth +‎ moving.

### Adjective

earthmoving (comparative more earthmoving, superlative most earthmoving)
* (construction, not comparable) Designed to move large quantities of earth or rubble for civil engineering or building purposes.
* (figuratively, comparable) Of great significance.
    Synonyms: earthshaking, earthshattering, world-shaking

#### Related terms

* move heaven and earth

#### Translations
### Noun

earthmoving (uncountable)
* The removal of large quantities of soil, e.g. from a construction site.
** 1962 June, David Walters, “The new station and layout at Coventry”, in Modern Railways, page 403:Work was started in January, 1958 and involved considerable earth-moving, as a cutting about 25ft deep was needed to give rail access to a newly acquired site to the north of the station.

#### Related terms

* earthmover

#### See also

* heavy equipment
* mining
* roadbuilder
# great martyr
## English
### Alternative forms

* greatmartyr, great-martyr

### Etymology

Calque of Ancient Greek μεγαλομάρτυς (megalomártus).

### Noun

great martyr (plural great martyrs)
* (Eastern Orthodoxy) A saint who was martyred after suffering great torture.
    Synonym: megalomartyr

#### Derived terms

* great martyress
# espanglish
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* spanglish

### Etymology

A calque of English Spanglish, from español (“Spanish”) + English.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /espanˈɡliʃ/ [es.pãŋˈɡliʃ]
* Rhymes: -iʃ
* Syllabification: es‧pan‧glish

### Noun

espanglish m (uncountable)
* Spanglish
    Synonym: espanglés

#### Related terms

* pocho

### Further reading

* “espanglish”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# jetso
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Cantonese 著數 / 着数 (zoek6 sou3).

### Noun

jetso (uncountable)
* (Hong Kong) A bargain; discount.

#### Descendants

* → Cantonese: jetso, so

## Chinese
### Etymology

From Hong Kong English jetso, from Cantonese 著數 / 着数 (zoek6 sou3).

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zet$^1$ sou$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zet$^1$ sou$^4$
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzet$^7$ sou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zéd$^1$ sou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛːt̚⁵ sou̯²¹/

### Noun

jetso
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) benefit; advantage; discount

#### Related terms

* so
# guseer
## Juba Arabic
### Etymology

From Sudanese Arabic قصير (giṣayyir), from Arabic قَصِير (qaṣīr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡuˈseɾ/, [ɡʊˈsɛɾ]

### Adjective

guseer (plural guseriin)
* short

### References

* Ian Smith, Morris Timothy Ama (1985) A Dictionary of Juba Arabic & English‎, 1st edition, Juba: The Committee of The Juba Cheshire Home and Centre for Handicapped Children, page 138
# zirconofluorides
## English
### Noun

zirconofluorides
* plural of zirconofluoride
# Phuket
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Thai ภูเก็ต (puu-gèt), ultimately from Pattani Malay بوكيت (bukit, “mountain; hill”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpuːˌkɛt/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ˈpuˌkɛt/

### Proper noun

Phuket
* A province of Thailand.
* An island in Phuket Province, Thailand.
* The capital city of Phuket Province, Thailand.

#### Derived terms

* Mueang Phuket

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pu.kɛt/

### Proper noun

Phuket m
* Phuket (a province of Thailand)
* Phuket (an island in Phuket Province, Thailand)
* Phuket (the capital city of Phuket Province, Thailand)
# สุโขทัย
## Thai
### Alternative forms

* ศุกโขไท (sùk-kǒo-tai), ศุกโขไทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), ศุกโฃไทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), ศุโขไท (sù-kǒo-tai), ศุโขไทย (sù-kǒo-tai), ษุกโขไท (sùk-kǒo-tai), สุกโขใทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), สุกโขไทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), สุโขทย (sù-kǒo-tá-yá-) — obsolete

### Etymology

* Generally thought to be from สุข (sùk, “happiness”) +‎ อุทัย (ù-tai, “emergence; rise”), literally “rise of happiness”.
* Prince Suphawat Kasemsi (ศุภวัฒย์ เกษมศรี) suggested that it might be from Old Thai ศุก (sùk, “city; town”) +‎ โข (kǒo, “great; large”) +‎ ไท (tai, “Thai”), literally “great town of the Thais”.
** Chulalongkorn University lecturer Klairung Amaradit (ใกล้รุ่ง อามระดิษ) suggested that the first syllable, ศุก (sùk), might be from Old Khmer sruk, sruka, srukk, srūk, śruk (“community; village; seat of administration; etc”), corresponding to Modern Khmer ស្រុក (srok).
* Compare Modern Khmer សុខោទ័យ (sokhaotɨy); Modern Lao ສຸໂຂໄທ (su khō thai).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | สุโขทัย s u o kʰ d ạ y | สุโขทัย s u o kʰ d ạ y |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | สุ-โข-ไท s u – o kʰ – ai d | สุก-โข-ไท s u k – o kʰ – ai d |
| Romanization | Paiboon | sù-kǒo-tai | sùk-kǒo-tai |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | su-kho-thai | suk-kho-thai |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /su˨˩.kʰoː˩˩˦.tʰaj˧/ | /suk̚˨˩.kʰoː˩˩˦.tʰaj˧/ |

#### Usage notes

* Formerly pronounced สุก-โข-ไท (sùk-kǒo-tai), based on the archaic spellings ศุกโขไท (sùk-kǒo-tai), ศุกโขไทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), ษุกโขไท (sùk-kǒo-tai), สุกโขใทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), สุกโขไทย (sùk-kǒo-tai), etc.

### Proper noun

สุโขทัย • (sù-kǒo-tai)
* (historical) (historical) Sukhothai (an ancient kingdom in present-day northern Thailand)
* (จังหวัด~) Sukhothai (a province of Thailand)
    Synonyms: (initialism) สท (sɔ̌ɔ-tɔɔ), (colloquial) โขทัย (kǒo-tai)
* Sukhothai, Sukhothai Thani (a town, the capital of Sukhothai Province, Thailand, also known as Sukhothai Thani)

#### Descendants

* → Burmese: သုခေါဒယ (su.hkau:da.ya.)
* → Burmese: သောက္ကတဲ (saukka.tai:)

#### References

* 1 2 ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน. (๒๕๕๓). กฎหมายตราสามดวง: พระทำนูน. กรุงเทพฯ: ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน. →ISBN. หน้า ๑๑๗.
# กำแพง
## Thai
### Etymology

From Angkorian Old Khmer កំវេង៑ (kaṃveṅ), from *ខ្វេង៑ (*khveṅ) (whence Thai แขวง (kwɛ̌ɛng)). Cognate with Lao ກຳແພງ (kam phǣng), Khmer កំផែង (kɑmphaeng) or កំពែង (kɑmpɛɛng).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | กำแพง k å æ b ŋ |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | กำ-แพง k å – æ b ŋ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gam-pɛɛng |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | kam-phaeng |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kam˧.pʰɛːŋ˧/ |

### Noun

กำแพง • (gam-pɛɛng)
* wall

#### Derived terms

* กำแพงมีหูประตูมีช่อง
* กำแพงมีหูประตูมีตา

### Proper noun

กำแพง • (gam-pɛɛng)
* (colloquial) Clipping of กำแพงเพชร (gam-pɛɛng-pét).: Kamphaeng Phet (a province of Thailand)
# Iron Mountain
## English
### Proper noun

Iron Mountain
* Any of a number of mountains in the United States.
* A city, the county seat of Dickinson County, Michigan, United States, in the Upper Peninsula.
* An unincorporated community in St. Francois County, Missouri, United States.

#### Related terms

* Iron County
* Iron Range
# นครราชสีมา
## Thai
### Etymology

From นคร (ná-kɔɔn, “city”) +‎ ราช (râat, “royal”) +‎ สีมา (sǐi-maa, “border; boundary”); literally "city [which is a] royal border [of the Ayutthaya Kingdom]"; believed to have been adapted from the names of the two ancient city-states located in the area, โคราช (koo-râat) and เสมา (sěe-maa).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | นครราชสีมา n g r r ā d͡ʑ s ī m ā |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | นะ-คอน-ราด-ชะ-สี-มา n a – g ɒ n – r ā ɗ – d͡ʑ a – s ī – m ā |
| Romanization | Paiboon | ná-kɔɔn-râat-chá-sǐi-maa |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | na-khon-rat-cha-si-ma |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /na˦˥.kʰɔːn˧.raːt̚˥˩.t͡ɕʰa˦˥.siː˩˩˦.maː˧/ |

### Proper noun

นครราชสีมา • (ná-kɔɔn-râat-chá-sǐi-maa)
* (จังหวัด~) Nakhon Ratchasima (a province of Thailand)
    Synonyms: (initialism) นม (nɔɔ-mɔɔ), (colloquial) โคราช (koo-râat)
* The capital of Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand
# นม
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* nama (Latin script)
* 𑀦𑀫 (Brahmi script)
* नम (Devanagari script)
* নম (Bengali script)
* නම (Sinhalese script)
* နမ or ၼမ (Burmese script)
* นะมะ (Thai script)
* ᨶᨾ (Tai Tham script)
* ນມ or ນະມະ (Lao script)
* នម (Khmer script)
* 𑄚𑄟 (Chakma script)

### Verb

นม
* Thai script form of nama, which is second-person singular imperative active of นมติ (namati, “to bend”)

## Thai
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Northern Thai ᨶᩫ᩠ᨾ, Lao ນົມ (nom), Lü ᦓᦳᧄ (num), Shan ၼူမ်း (núum), Tai Dam ꪶꪙꪣ, Ahom 𑜃𑜤𑜪 (nuṃ), Zhuang noemz.

#### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | นม n m |
| Romanization | Paiboon | nom |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | nom |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /nom˧/ |

#### Noun

นม • (nom)
* (น้ำ~) milk
* (เต้า~) breast
* (แม่~, พระ~) wet nurse

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Pali nama.

#### Alternative forms

* นมะ

#### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | นม n m |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | [bound form] นะ-มะ- n a – m a – |
| Romanization | Paiboon | ná-má- |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | na-ma- |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /na˦˥.ma˦˥./ |

#### Noun

นม • (ná-má-)
* (literary) respect; esteem; salutation

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | นม n m |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | นอ-มอ n ɒ – m ɒ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | nɔɔ-mɔɔ |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | no-mo |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /nɔː˧.mɔː˧/ |

#### Proper noun

นม • (nɔɔ-mɔɔ)
* Initialism of นครราชสีมา (ná-kɔɔn-râat-chá-sǐi-maa): Nakhon Ratchasima (a province of Thailand)
# ปทุมธานี
## Thai
### Alternative forms

* ประทุมธานี — archaic, obsolete or dated

### Etymology

From Pali paduma (“lotus”) + dhānī (“city; abode; etc”); literally "city of lotuses"; equivalent to Thai ปทุม (bpà-tum) +‎ ธานี (taa-nii); coined by Rama II around 1815 after receiving lotuses, a plant native to the locality, from locals at a local festival; formerly known as สามโคก.

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | ปทุมธานี p d u m dʰ ā n ī |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | ปะ-ทุม-ทา-นี p a – d u m – d ā – n ī |
| Romanization | Paiboon | bpà-tum-taa-nii |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | pa-thum-tha-ni |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /pa˨˩.tʰum˧.tʰaː˧.niː˧/ |

### Proper noun

ปทุมธานี • (bpà-tum-taa-nii)
* (จังหวัด~) Pathum Thani (a province of Thailand)
    Synonyms: (initialism) ปท (bpɔɔ-tɔɔ), (former) สามโคก, (colloquial) ปทุม (bpà-tum)
* Pathum Thani (a town, the capital of Pathum Thani Province, Thailand)

#### References

* ↑ กรมศิลปากร, สำนักวรรณกรรมและประวัติศาสตร์ (2015) “ประวัติจังหวัดปทุมธานี”, in โครงการการท่องเที่ยวตามวิถีชุมชนสายน้ำเจ้าพระยาในพื้นที่จังหวัดปทุมธานี–นนทบุรี‎ (in Thai), Bangkok: โครงการการท่องเที่ยวตามวิถีชุมชนสายน้ำเจ้าพระยาในพื้นที่จังหวัดปทุมธานี–นนทบุรี, archived from the original on 3 October 2019
# กส
## Thai
### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | กส k s |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | กอ-สอ k ɒ – s ɒ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gɔɔ-sɔ̌ɔ |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | ko-so |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kɔː˧.sɔː˩˩˦/ |

### Proper noun

กส • (gɔɔ-sɔ̌ɔ)
* Initialism of กาฬสินธุ์ (gaa-lá-sǐn): Kalasin (a province of Thailand)
# กาฬสินธุ์
## Thai
### Etymology

From Pali kāḷasindhu (literally “black river”), from kāḷa (“black; sable”) + sindhu (“river; stream; sea; etc”); equivalent to Thai กาฬ (gaan) +‎ สินธุ์ (sǐn); believed to be named after the river น้ำก่ำ (náam-gàm, literally “dark river”), now in the nearby Sakon Nakhon Province.

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | กาฬสินธุ์ k ā ɭ s i n dʰ u ʻ |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | กา-ละ-สิน k ā – l a – s i n |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gaa-lá-sǐn |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | ka-la-sin |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kaː˧.la˦˥.sin˩˩˦/ |

### Proper noun

กาฬสินธุ์ • (gaa-lá-sǐn)
* (เมือง~) Kalasin (a town, the capital of Kalasin Province, Thailand)
* (จังหวัด~) Kalasin (a province of Thailand)
    Synonym: (initialism) กส (gɔɔ-sɔ̌ɔ)
* (อำเภอเมือง~) Mueang Kalasin (a district of Kalasin Province, Thailand)

#### References

* ↑ เทศบาลเมืองกาฬสินธุ์ (n.d.) “สืบสานตำนานเมืองฟ้าแดดสงยาง”, in เทศบาลเมืองกาฬสินธุ์‎ (in Thai), กาฬสินธุ์: เทศบาลเมืองกาฬสินธุ์, archived from the original on 3 March 2019, page 49
# กาญจนบุรี
## Thai
### Alternative forms

* การบูรีย — obsolete

### Etymology

From กาญจน (gaan-jà-ná-, “gold”) +‎ บุรี (bù-rii, “city”).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | กาญจนบุรี k ā ɲ t͡ɕ n ɓ u r ī | กาญจนบุรี k ā ɲ t͡ɕ n ɓ u r ī |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | กาน-จะ-นะ-บุ-รี k ā n – t͡ɕ a – n a – ɓ u – r ī | [archaic] กาน-บุ-รี k ā n – ɓ u – r ī |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gaan-jà-ná-bù-rii | gaan-bù-rii |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | kan-cha-na-bu-ri | kan-bu-ri |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kaːn˧.t͡ɕa˨˩.na˦˥.bu˨˩.riː˧/ | /kaːn˧.bu˨˩.riː˧/ |

### Proper noun

กาญจนบุรี • (gaan-jà-ná-bù-rii)
* (จังหวัด~) Kanchanaburi (a province of Thailand)
    Synonyms: (initialism) กจ (gɔɔ-jɔɔ), (colloquial) กาญจน์, (former) ปากแพรก
* (อำเภอเมือง~) Mueang Kanchanaburi (a district of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand)
* (เมือง~) Kanchanaburi (a town, the capital of Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand)
# กบ
## Thai
### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | กบ k ɓ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gòp |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | kop |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kop̚˨˩/ |

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* (grammar) (แม่~, มาตรา~) a group of words/syllables ending with -p sound

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Tai *kɤpᴰ (“frog”). Cognate with Lao ກົບ (kop), Northern Thai ᨠᩫ᩠ᨷ, Tai Nüa ᥐᥨᥙᥱ (kǒp), Shan ၵူပ်း (kúup), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜆𑜫 (kup), Nong Zhuang gaep gaep, Bouyei gobt, Zhuang goep, Saek กั๊บ. Compare Proto-Be *kupᴰ² (“big frog”).

#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* (zoology) a frog, a tailless, stout-bodied amphibian of the order Anura

##### See also

* ลูกอ๊อด (lûuk-ɔ́ɔt)
* อึ่งอ่าง (ʉ̀ng-àang)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* (zoology) (ปลา~) a scaleless fish of either species Allenbatrachus grunniens (syn.Batrachus grunniens) or Batrachomoeus trispinosus (syn. Halophryne trispinosus), of the family Batrachoididae, also known as กบบู่ทะเล, คางคก (kaang-kók), ผีหลอก, or อุบ (ùp)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* (carpentry) planer
* (stationery) pencil sharpener

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* (botany) (ทุเรียน~) a type of durian, as กบเจ้าคุณ, กบแม่เฒ่า, กบหน้าศาล, etc.
* (botany) an annual plant, Geodorum densiflorum, of the genus Geodorum and the family Orchidaceae, having the bulb that looks like a frog, traditionally believed to possess weapon-resistant powers, also known as ข้าวอังกุลี

### Etymology 6
#### Adjective

กบ • (gòp)
* full
    เลือดกบปากlʉ̂ʉatgòpbpàakMouth full of blood.

### Etymology 7
#### Verb

กบ • (gòp)
* Synonym of ประกบ (bprà-gɔ̀ɔp)

### Etymology 8
#### Noun

กบ • (gòp)
* a wooden bolt (a movable bar or rod that, when slid into a socket, fastens a door, gate, window, etc.)

### Etymology 9
#### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | กบ k ɓ |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | กอ-บอ k ɒ – ɓ ɒ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | gɔɔ-bɔɔ |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | ko-bo |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kɔː˧.bɔː˧/ |

#### Proper noun

กบ • (gòp)
* Initialism of กระบี่ (grà-bìi).: Krabi (a province of Thailand)
# scipmon
## Middle English
### Noun

scipmon
* (Early Middle English, West Midlands) Alternative form of schipman