# 黑

| 黑 | U+9ED1, &#40657; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9ED1 |
| ← 黐 [U+9ED0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 黒 → [U+9ED2] |
| ⿊ | U+2FCA, &#12234; KANGXI RADICAL BLACK |
| ← ⿉ [U+2FC9] | Kangxi Radicals | ⿋ → [U+2FCB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

黑 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 田土火 (WGF), four-corner 6033$_1$, composition ⿱⿻土⿻丷口灬)
* Kangxi radical #203, ⿊.

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/黑
* 𠎁, 嘿, 嫼, 𢡀, 㩏, 潶, 𣎚, 㷵, 䁫, 䆀, 𮄻, 𥼯, 𦄿, 𦏉, 𦗣, 蟔, 𧴔, 𨊂, 𨭆(𬭶), 𩻤
* 㱄, 𪆤, 墨, 𥂮, 𦅔, 𫜞, 𡴦, 𡼡, 𦸽, 𥳬, 𩯗, 𧅌, 𨶯(𮤸), 𠪩, 𬟱, 㸃, 儵

#### Descendants

* 黒

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1518, character 36
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48038
* Dae Jaweon: page 2051, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4743, character 1
* Unihan data for U+9ED1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 黑 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 嚜 | *mrɯɡs |
| 嫼 | *ʔmrɯːd |
| 墨 | *mlɯːɡ |
| 默 | *mlɯːɡ |
| 纆 | *mɯːɡ |
| 黑 | *hmlɯːɡ |
| 潶 | *hmlɯːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a person (大) with a tattooed face, depicting penal tattooing (墨 and 黥), one of the five punishments of ancient China.
In the bronze inscriptions from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, dots were sometimes added around 大, leading Shuowen to erroneously interpret the character as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 𡆧 (“chimney”) + 炎 (“fire; flame”) — fire burning under a chimney, causing it to become black from the smoke.
This word displaced the earlier word for "black", 玄. Unrelated to 熏.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-maŋ ~ s-mak. Cognate with 墨 (OC *mlɯːɡ, “ink”).
The sense of “hack” is a phono-semantic matching of English hack.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): hēi, hěi, hè (hei$^1$, hei$^3$, he$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄟ, ㄏㄟˇ, ㄏㄜˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): he$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хи (hi, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hak$^1$ / haak$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hak$^2$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): hak$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): het$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): het
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hêd$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): heh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): hă̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): háik
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hek / hiak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hêg$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$heq / $^7$haq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): he$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hei
*** Wade–Giles: hei$^1$
*** Yale: hēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hei
*** Palladius: хэй (xɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /xeɪ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, colloquial variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hěi
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hěi
*** Wade–Giles: hei$^3$
*** Yale: hěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heei
*** Palladius: хэй (xɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /xeɪ̯²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hè
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hè
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^4$
*** Yale: hè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
*** Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: he$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xe
*** Sinological IPA : /xɛ²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хи (hi, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /xi²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hak$^1$ / haak$^1$
*** Yale: hāk / hāak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hak$^7$ / haak$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heg$^1$ / hag$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐk̚⁵/, /haːk̚⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hak$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hak̚⁵⁵/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: hak$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐk̚²⁴/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: het$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɛt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: het
*** Hakka Romanization System: hed$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hed$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /het̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hêd$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /hɛt̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: heh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hă̤
*** Sinological IPA : /xɛ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: háik
*** Sinological IPA : /haiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hek
*** Tâi-lô: hik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: heg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiak
*** Tâi-lô: hiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hiak̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hek
*** Sinological IPA : /hek̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$heq
*** MiniDict: heh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$heq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /həʔ⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /həʔ⁴³/
** (Northern: Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$haq
*** MiniDict: heh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /hɑʔ⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: he$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ̞²⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit黑 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xe⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xɨ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xɯ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xe³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xɛ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xə³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xəʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /həʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /həʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /hɑʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /he²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xeʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /xə⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /xə²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /hæ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /hɛʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /het̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /het̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hɐk̚⁵/ /hak̚⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /hɐk̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hɐk̚⁵/ /hak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hik̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /haiʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hek̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | |
* Middle Chinese: xok
Rime :
| Character | 黑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 德 (131) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼北切 |
| Baxter | xok |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hək̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hək̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xək̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hək̚/ |
| Li Rong | /xək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /xək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | he |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hak$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmlɯːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 黑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hēi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xok › |
| Old Chinese | /*m̥ˁək/ (dialect *m̥ˁ- > xˁ-) |
| English | black |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 黑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5109 |
| Phonetic component | 黑 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 黑 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmlɯːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

黑
* black
    黑色 ― hēisè ― black color
    她戴著黑帽子。 ― Tā dài zhe hēi màozi. ― She's wearing a black hat.
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Mò chì fěi hú, mò hēi fěi wū. [Pinyin]
    Nothing red is seen but foxes, Nothing black but crows.
* dark; darkness
       Zhème hēi, wǒ kàn bù jiàn. [Pinyin]
       It's so dark; I can't see.
    她很怕黑。 ― Tā hěn pà hēi. ― She is very afraid of the dark.
       seng$^4$ gaan$^1$ fong$^{4-2}$ hou$^2$ haak$^1$. [Jyutping]
       The whole room is very dark.
* evening; night
* illegal; clandestine; secret; shady
    黑市 ― hēishì ― black market
    黑幫／黑帮 ― hēibāng ― criminal gang
       Zuótiān tāmen zài gōngyuán kāi le ge hēi huì. [Pinyin]
       They had a clandestine meeting in the park yesterday.
* (colloquial) to illegally reside (in a country)
* sinister; evil
* (computing) to crack; to hack
    黑客 ― hēikè ― hacker
       Nǐ kěyǐ hēidiào Hēngdésēn bàngōngshì de diànnǎo ma? [Pinyin]
       Can you hack into Henderson's office computer?
* (colloquial) to smear; to libel
       Zhè jiàn shì, wǒ kě shì yǒu yī shuō yī, bù chuī bù hēi. [Pinyin]
       As for this thing, I say it as it is and don't boast or libel.
       Zhè shì × × bèi hēi de zuì cǎn de yī cì. [Pinyin]
       This is the time when **** is libelled the most badly.
    From: 2019 September 9, 「TNND＋恁爸等你」 韓金句連發嗆黑韓產業鏈
    Suǒyǐ de hēi hán chǎnyè jǐ wàn rén “yòng huǒchē dōu lā bù wán, yòng gāotiě dōu lā bù wán”, wǒ sì ge zì: “Fàngmǎguòlái!” [Pinyin]
    So to the many people in the "Han [Kuo-yu] libel industry" who claim "I can't make it even by train or high-speed rail", I have four words: "Face me head on!"
* one who libels; one who smears
* (by extension) hater; anti-fan
* (Cantonese) unlucky; unfortunate
* (Hui, euphemistic) pig; pork
* Short for 黑龍江／黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng, “Heilongjiang province”).
* a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 黑, 烏, 青, 皂, 黔, 黢 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 黑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 黑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 黑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 黑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 黑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 黑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 黑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 黑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 黑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 黑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 黑, 青 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 黑 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 黑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 黑, 青 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 黑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 黑, 烏, 青 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 黑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 黑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 黑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 黑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 黑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 黑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 黑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 烏, 黑 skin |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 烏 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 黑, 烏 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 黑 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 黑 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 黑, 烏, 青 † |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 黑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 烏 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 烏 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 烏 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 黑 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 烏 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 黑 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 黑 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 烏 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Changting | 烏 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 烏 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 烏 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 烏 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 黑 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 黑 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 烏 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 烏 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 烏 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 烏 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 烏 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 烏 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 烏 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 黑 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 黑 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 黑 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 黑 |
| Jin | Linhe | 黑 |
| Jin | Jining | 黑 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 黑 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 黑 |
| Jin | Handan | 黑 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 烏, 青 † |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 烏, 青 † |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 烏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 黑 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 烏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 烏 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 烏 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 黑 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 烏 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 黑, 烏 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 黑 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 黑 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 黑 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 烏 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 烏 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 烏 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 烏 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 黑 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 黑 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 黑 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 黑 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 黑 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 烏 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 黑 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 黑 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 黑 |
| Wu | Danyang | 黑 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 黑 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 黑 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 黑, 烏, 青 † |
| Wu | Jinhua | 黑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 黑, 青 † |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 黑, 青 † |
| Note | † - usually describes the color of cloth or thread | † - usually describes the color of cloth or thread |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 倒霉, 倒運, 晦氣, 背運, 背時 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 倒霉, 背運, 晦氣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 背興 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 倒霉 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 倒霉 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 倒霉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 倒霉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 倒灶 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 倒霉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 背時, 倒灶 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 倒灶, 背時, 背運 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 倒運 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 背時, 倒灶, 背時倒灶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 背時, 倒運, 點子低, 背九一 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 背時, 倒灶, 衰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 晦氣 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 衰, 行衰運, 黑, 當黑, 運滯, 倒霉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 衰, 行衰運, 當衰, 黑, 當黑, 黑仔, 運滯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 當衰 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 滯運, 黑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 運滯, 衰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 運滯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 運滯, 衰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 倒霉, 運滯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 衰, 運滯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 失運 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 滯運 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 行衰運 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 滯運, 衰 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 衰, 衰來, 黑, 黑頸, 滯運, 倒霉 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 唔夠運 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 當衰, 運滯 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 衰 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 衰 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 倒霉, 倒運, 背時 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 倒灶 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 背時 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 衰 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 衰, 倒運 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 衰 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 衰 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 衰 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 衰 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 衰, 衰漦 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 衰, 衰漦 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 衰, 衰漦 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 衰, 衰漦 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 衰, 衰漦 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 倒霉, 倒運, 倒灶, 背時 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 倒運, 背時 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 背興 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 衰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 衰, 倒運, 倒灶, 騎背 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 衰, 衰䆀, 衰潲, 衰神, 衰運, 落衰, 歹字運, 歹運, 拍觸衰 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 衰, 衰䆀, 衰潲, 衰運, 歹字運, 歹運, 拍觸衰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 衰, 衰䆀, 衰潲, 衰運, 落衰, 䆀字運, 拍觸衰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 衰, 衰䆀, 衰潲, 衰尾, 落衰, 歹運 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 衰, 衰潲 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 衰 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 衰, 衰潲, 衰䆀, 歹命, 歹運, 歹字運 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 衰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 衰, 唔利市 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 衰 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 衰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 衰 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 滯運 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 衰 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 倒霉, 觸霉頭, 晦氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 触霉頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 觸霉頭, 倒運 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 霉, 觸霉頭, 霉氣, 背時, 背霉 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 触霉頭 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 触霉頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 倒霉, 倒運, 倒灶 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 倒灶 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 倒運, 晦氣 |
| Wu | Lishui | 倒灶 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 倒楣, 倒灶 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 倒霉, 霉運, 倒灶, 倒運 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 背時, 走蹩腳 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 背時, 倒霉 |

#### Compounds

* 一團漆黑 / 一团漆黑 (yītuánqīhēi)
* 一黑早
* 以白為黑 / 以白为黑
* 倮黑
* 傍黑兒 / 傍黑儿
* 厚黑學 / 厚黑学 (hòuhēixué)
* 吃黑棗兒 / 吃黑枣儿
* 大黑山
* 天昏地黑
* 太陽黑子 / 太阳黑子
* 天黑 (tiānhēi)
* 德黑蘭 / 德黑兰 (Déhēilán)
* 打黑線 / 打黑线
* 扣黑鍋 / 扣黑锅
* 抹黑 (mǒhēi)
* 指黑為白 / 指黑为白
* 掃黑 / 扫黑 (sǎohēi)
* 揹黑鍋 / 背黑锅 (bēi hēiguō)
* 摸黑 (mōhēi)
* 擦黑
* 擦黑兒 / 擦黑儿 (cāhēir)
* 放下黑臉 / 放下黑脸
* 數黃道黑 / 数黄道黑
* 數黑論黃 / 数黑论黄
* 斷黑 / 断黑
* 昏天黑地 (hūntiānhēidì)
* 昏黑 (hūnhēi)
* 是非黑白 (shìfēihēibái)
* 晒黑 (shàihēi)
* 曛黑
* 月黑天 (yuèhēitiān)
* 月黑頭 / 月黑头 (yuèhēitóu)
* 月黑風緊 / 月黑风紧
* 月黑風高 / 月黑风高 (yuèhēifēnggāo)
* 混淆黑白
* 混造黑白
* 漆黑
* 漆黑一團 / 漆黑一团 (qīhēiyītuán)
* 濃黑 / 浓黑
* 烏天黑地 / 乌天黑地
* 烏黑 / 乌黑 (wūhēi)
* 焦黑 (jiāohēi)
* 煤黑子
* 煤黑油
* 當黑 / 当黑
* 發黑 / 发黑
* 白山黑水 (báishānhēishuǐ)
* 白紙黑字 / 白纸黑字 (báizhǐhēizì)
* 白黑
* 白黑不分
* 白黑分明
* 知白守黑
* 碳黑
* 窯黑兒 / 窑黑儿
* 粉白墨黑
* 粉白黛黑
* 紅字黑押 / 红字黑押
* 紅與黑 / 红与黑
* 紅頭黑炭 / 红头黑炭
* 紅黑帽 / 红黑帽
* 老黑 (lǎohēi)
* 背黑鍋 / 背黑锅 (bēi hēiguō)
* 計白當黑 / 计白当黑
* 說白道黑 / 说白道黑
* 說黃道黑 / 说黄道黑
* 說黑道白 / 说黑道白
* 論黃數黑 / 论黄数黑
* 走黑運 / 走黑运
* 起早貪黑 / 起早贪黑 (qǐzǎomōhēi)
* 趁黑
* 鉑黑 / 铂黑 (bóhēi)
* 長黑 / 长黑
* 頭暈眼黑 / 头晕眼黑
* 顛倒黑白 / 颠倒黑白 (diāndǎohēibái)
* 鬒黑
* 魆黑
* 麻麻黑
* 黃乾黑瘦 / 黄干黑瘦
* 黃貓黑尾 / 黄猫黑尾
* 黃道黑道 / 黄道黑道
* 黎黑 (líhēi)
* 黑下
* 黑上
* 黑三棱
* 黑不唧
* 黑不溜丟 / 黑不溜丢
* 黑不溜秋 (hēibùliūqiū)
* 黑乎乎 (hēihūhū)
* 黑五類 / 黑五类 (hēiwǔlèi)
* 黑亮
* 黑人 (hēirén)
* 黑人問題 / 黑人问题
* 黑人靈歌 / 黑人灵歌
* 黑人音樂 / 黑人音乐 (hēirén yīnyuè)
* 黑仔
* 黑信 (hēixìn)
* 黑克索斯
* 黑冠麻鷺 / 黑冠麻鹭 (hēiguān málù)
* 黑凜凜 / 黑凛凛
* 黑函 (hēihán)
* 黑匣子 (hēixiázi)
* 黑區媽區 / 黑区妈区
* 黑口 (hēikǒu)
* 黑名
* 黑名單 / 黑名单 (hēimíngdān)
* 黑吃黑 (hēichīhēi)
* 黑咕籠咚 / 黑咕笼咚
* 黑咕隆咚
* 黑啤酒
* 黑土 (hēitǔ)
* 黑地
* 黑壓壓 / 黑压压 (hēiyāyā)
* 黑夜 (hēiyè)
* 黑天 (hēitiān)
* 黑天摸地
* 黑天白日
* 黑奴 (hēinú)
* 黑婁婁 / 黑娄娄
* 黑子
* 黑字倒閉 / 黑字倒闭
* 黑孜葦 / 黑孜苇 (Hēizīwěi)
* 黑孩子 (hēiháizi)
* 黑官
* 黑客 (hēikè)
* 黑家白日
* 黑家鼠
* 黑寡婦 / 黑寡妇
* 黑屋子
* 黑山 (Hēishān)
* 黑工 (hēigōng)
* 黑市 (hēishì)
* 黑帖
* 黑帝
* 黑幕 (hēimù)
* 黑幫 / 黑帮 (hēibāng)
* 黑幽幽 (hēiyōuyōu)
* 黑店 (hēidiàn)
* 黑影 (hēiyǐng)
* 黑心 (hēixīn)
* 黑心腸 / 黑心肠
* 黑忽忽 (hēihūhū)
* 黑戶 / 黑户 (hēihù)
* 黑戶口 / 黑户口 (hēihùkǒu)
* 黑房子
* 黑手 (hēishǒu)
* 黑手黨 / 黑手党 (hēishǒudǎng)
* 黑斑 (hēibān)
* 黑斑蚊 (hēibānwén)
* 黑旗 (hēiqí)
* 黑旗軍 / 黑旗军
* 黑早
* 黑晶
* 黑晶晶
* 黑暗 (hēi'àn)
* 黑暗世界
* 黑暗大陸 / 黑暗大陆
* 黑暗時代 / 黑暗时代 (Hēi'ànshídài)
* 黑曜岩 (hēiyàoyán)
* 黑更半夜
* 黑書 / 黑书
* 黑木耳 (hēimù'ěr)
* 黑板 (hēibǎn)
* 黑杵
* 黑松
* 黑林 (Hēilín)
* 黑板報 / 黑板报 (hēibǎnbào)
* 黑枕燕鷗 / 黑枕燕鸥
* 黑枕黃鸝 / 黑枕黄鹂
* 黑桃 (hēitáo)
* 黑棗 / 黑枣 (hēizǎo)
* 黑森林 (Hēi Sēnlín)
* 黑森森
* 黑槍 / 黑枪 (hēiqiāng)
* 黑樟溝 / 黑樟沟 (Hēizhānggōu)
* 黑橄欖 / 黑橄榄 (hēigǎnlǎn)
* 黑檀木 (hēitánmù)
* 黑死病 (hēisǐbìng)
* 黑氣沖天 / 黑气冲天
* 黑水 (Hēishuǐ)
* 黑汗白流
* 黑沉沉
* 黑河 (Hēihé)
* 黑河屯
* 黑油油
* 黑洞 (hēidòng)
* 黑洞洞 (hēidòngdòng)
* 黑海 (Hēihǎi)
* 黑溜溜
* 黑漆一團 / 黑漆一团
* 黑漆板凳 (hēiqī bǎndèng)
* 黑漫漫
* 黑漆漆 (hēiqīqī)
* 黑漆皮燈 / 黑漆皮灯
* 黑潮 (hēicháo)
* 黑炭
* 黑烏烏 / 黑乌乌
* 黑煤
* 黑煙 / 黑烟 (hēiyān)
* 黑熊 (hēixióng)
* 黑熱病 / 黑热病 (hēirèbìng)
* 黑燈下火 / 黑灯下火
* 黑燈瞎火 / 黑灯瞎火 (hēidēngxiāhuǒ)
* 黑燦燦 / 黑灿灿
* 黑牌車 / 黑牌车
* 黑狗子
* 黑猩猩 (hēixīngxing)
* 黑王相公
* 黑玉
* 黑珍珠
* 黑甜
* 黑甜鄉 / 黑甜乡
* 黑田 (Hēitián)
* 黑痣 (hēizhì)
* 黑瘦
* 黑白 (hēibái)
* 黑白不分
* 黑白來 / 黑白来
* 黑白兩道 / 黑白两道
* 黑白分明
* 黑白影片
* 黑白混淆
* 黑白片
* 黑白畫 / 黑白画
* 黑白講 / 黑白讲
* 黑白電視 / 黑白电视 (hēibái diànshì)
* 黑白顛倒 / 黑白颠倒
* 黑盒子 (hēihézi)
* 黑眉烏嘴 / 黑眉乌嘴
* 黑眸
* 黑眼圈 (hēiyǎnquān)
* 黑眼珠 (hēiyǎnzhū)
* 黑瞎子 (hēixiāzi)
* 黑石頭 / 黑石头 (Hēishítou)
* 黑社會 / 黑社会 (hēishèhuì)
* 黑種 / 黑种 (hēizhǒng)
* 黑穗病
* 黑窩 / 黑窝
* 黑竹
* 黑笠 (hēilì)
* 黑管 (hēiguǎn)
* 黑箱作業 / 黑箱作业 (hēixiāng zuòyè)
* 黑粉病
* 黑糊糊 (hēihūhū)
* 黑糖 (hēitáng)
* 黑紗 / 黑纱 (hēishā)
* 黑線 / 黑线 (hēixiàn)
* 黑臉 / 黑脸 (hēiliǎn)
* 黑臉兒 / 黑脸儿
* 黑臉董嘴 / 黑脸董嘴
* 黑色 (hēisè)
* 黑色喜劇 / 黑色喜剧
* 黑色幽默 (hēisè yōumò)
* 黑色火藥 / 黑色火药 (hēisè huǒyào)
* 黑色素 (hēisèsù)
* 黑色金屬 / 黑色金属 (hēisè jīnshǔ)
* 黑芝麻 (hēizhīma)
* 黑英山 (Hēiyīngshān)
* 黑茫茫
* 黑葦鳽 / 黑苇𫛚 (hēiwěijiān)
* 黑蒙蒙
* 黑藻
* 黑衣
* 黑衫隊 / 黑衫队
* 黑裡 / 黑里
* 黑裡俏 / 黑里俏
* 黑話 / 黑话 (hēihuà)
* 黑豆
* 黑豹 (hēibào)
* 黑貂 (hēidiāo)
* 黑貓 / 黑猫 (hēimāo)
* 黑貨 / 黑货 (hēihuò)
* 黑賬 / 黑账
* 黑路
* 黑車 / 黑车 (hēichē)
* 黑輪 / 黑轮 (hēilún)
* 黑道 (hēidào)
* 黑道日
* 黑道日子
* 黑鄉 / 黑乡
* 黑酢
* 黑醋 (hēicù)
* 黑醬油 / 黑酱油
* 黑金 (hēijīn)
* 黑金政治
* 黑錢 / 黑钱 (hēiqián)
* 黑鍋 / 黑锅 (hēiguō)
* 黑鍵 / 黑键 (hēijiàn)
* 黑鎢礦 / 黑钨矿 (hēiwūkuàng)
* 黑陶
* 黑陶文化
* 黑雲母 / 黑云母
* 黑霉
* 黑非洲 (Hēi Fēizhōu)
* 黑面琵鷺 / 黑面琵鹭
* 黑頭 / 黑头 (hēitóu)
* 黑頭公 / 黑头公
* 黑頭蟲 / 黑头虫
* 黑頭顱 / 黑头颅
* 黑馬 / 黑马 (hēimǎ)
* 黑馬壋 / 黑马垱 (Hēimǎdàng)
* 黑驢告狀 / 黑驴告状
* 黑體 / 黑体 (hēitǐ)
* 黑髮 / 黑发 (hēifà)
* 黑鬒鬒
* 黑鬼 (hēiguǐ)
* 黑魆魆 (hēixūxū)
* 黑魚 / 黑鱼 (hēiyú)
* 黑鴉鴉 / 黑鸦鸦
* 黑鸛 / 黑鹳
* 黑麂
* 黑麥 / 黑麦 (hēimài)
* 黑麵 / 黑面
* 黑麵包 / 黑面包 (hēimiànbāo)
* 黑黑實實 / 黑黑实实
* 黑點 / 黑点 (hēidiǎn)
* 黑黝
* 黑黝黝
* 黑黢黢 (hēiqūqū)
* 黑黴菌 / 黑霉菌
* 黑黲黲 / 黑黪黪
* 黑黶子 / 黑黡子
* 黑龍會 / 黑龙会
* 黑龍江 / 黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng)
* 墨黑 (mòhēi)
* 黛黑
* 黝黑 (yǒuhēi)
* 黧黑 (líhēi)
* 黴黑 / 霉黑
* 黳黑

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 黒(こく) (koku)
* → Korean: 흑(黑) (heuk)
* → Vietnamese: hắc (黑)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): o͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ou$^1$
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
*** Tâi-lô: oo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: of
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ou$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ou
*** Sinological IPA : /ou³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit黑 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | |
| Mandarin | Harbin | |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | |
| Mandarin | Jinan | |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | |
| Mandarin | Xining | |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | |
| Mandarin | Kunming | |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | |
| Mandarin | Hefei | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | |
| Wu | Shanghai | |
| Wu | Suzhou | |
| Wu | Hangzhou | |
| Wu | Wenzhou | |
| Hui | Shexian | |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | |
| Cantonese | Nanning | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ɔu²³/ 訓烏 |

#### Definitions

黑
* (Hokkien, Teochew, Hainanese) Alternative form of 烏 / 乌 (“black”)

### References

* “黑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 黒 |
| Kyūjitai | 黑 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 黒)
* black

#### Readings

* Go-on: こく (koku)
* Kan-on: こく (koku)
* Kun: くろ (kuro, 黑)、くろい (kuroi, 黑い)

## Khitan
### Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps related to Old Uyghur 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /⁠ḳara⁠/, “black, west”).

### Noun

黑 (kara)
* west

## Korean
### Hanja

黑 (eumhun 검을 흑 (geomeul heuk))
* hanja form of 흑 (“black”)

#### Compounds

* 흑자 (黑字, heukja, “surplus”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

黑: Hán Nôm readings: hắc
* chữ Hán form of hắc (“black”).

#### Compounds

* 黑暗 (hắc ám)
* 黑素 (hắc tố)
* 黑龍江 (Hắc Long Giang)