# 奴婢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): núbì
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨˊ ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nou$^4$ pei$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nù-pî
* Eastern Min (BUC): nù-bê
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lô͘-pī
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: núbì
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄨˊ ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: núbì
*** Wade–Giles: nu$^2$-pi$^4$
*** Yale: nú-bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nubih
*** Palladius: нуби (nubi)
*** Sinological IPA : /nu³⁵ pi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nou$^4$ pei$^5$
*** Yale: nòuh péih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nou$^4$ pei$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nou$^4$ péi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /nou̯²¹ pʰei̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nù-pî
*** Hakka Romanization System: nu$^ˇ$ bi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: nu$^2$ bi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /nu¹¹ pi²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nù-bê
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡu⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(p-)}$βɛi²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Tainan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘-pī
*** Tâi-lô: lôo-pī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lo'pi
*** IPA (Tainan): /lɔ²⁴⁻³³ pi³³/
* Middle Chinese: nu bjieX
Rime :
| Character | 奴 | 婢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 乃都切 | 便婢切 |
| Baxter | nu | bjieX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nuo/ | /biᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nuo/ | /biɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /no/ | /bjɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɔ/ | /biə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /no/ | /bie$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /nu/ | /bǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /nuo/ | /bʱie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nú | bì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | nou$^4$ | bei$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤa [b]eʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*naː peʔ|beʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 奴 | 婢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nú | bì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nu › | ‹ bjie$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*nˁa/ | /*[b]eʔ/ |
| English | slave | female slave or servant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 奴 | 婢 | 婢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9600 | 378 | 394 |
| Phonetic component | 女 | 卑 | 卑 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 支 | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 奴 | 𢔌 | 婢 |
| Old Chinese | /*naː/ | /*peʔ/ | /*beʔ/ |

### Noun

奴婢
* (literary, archaic) servants and maid-servants (as a combined category)
* (literary, archaic) I; your humble servant (term of self-address used by servants, maid-servants and eunuchs when addressing the emperor, ministers, concubines, etc.)

#### Usage notes

The sense servants and maid-servants is an example of a 合稱／合称 (héchēng) in Chinese; the sense term of self-address is an example of a 自稱／自称 (zìchēng).

#### See also

* 奴僕／奴仆 (núpú)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 奴 | 婢 |
| ぬ Grade: S | ひ Hyōgai |
| goon | kan'on |

### Etymology

Superficially 奴(ぬ) (nu, “servant; slave”) + 婢(ひ) (hi, “maid, female slave”). Compare Mandarin 奴婢 (núbì, “núbì”), Hakka 奴婢 (“nùpî”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɯ̟çi]

### Noun

奴(ぬ)婢(ひ) • (nuhi)
* (historical) a slave, a person of the lowest two ranks of the five 賤民(せんみん) (senmin, “low caste, outcast”) ranks of the 律令制 (“Ritsuryō system”), who might be bought and sold, and was not permitted a family.
* household slaves

#### Derived terms

* 官奴婢(かんぬひ) (kannuhi)
* 公奴婢(くぬひ) (kunuhi)
* 私奴婢(しぬひ) (shinuhi)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 奴 | 婢 |

### Noun

奴婢 • (nobi) (hangeul 노비)
* hanja form of 노비 (“slave; servant”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 奴 | 婢 |

### Noun

奴婢
* chữ Hán form of nô tì (“slave; servant”).

### Pronoun

奴婢
* chữ Hán form of nô tì (“I/me”).