OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# caelestis
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* cælestis, coelestis, cœlestis

### Etymology

From caelum (“heaven, sky”) +‎ -estris, possibly influenced by the dissimilated agrestis in a coordinated phrase like "dī agrestēs caelestēs-que".

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kae̯ˈles.tis/, [käe̯ˈɫ̪ɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃeˈles.tis/, [t͡ʃeˈlɛst̪is]

### Adjective

caelestis (neuter caeleste, comparative caelestior, superlative caelestissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective
* celestial, of or in the heavens, heavenly
* (figuratively) divine, of the gods
* (figuratively) magnificent, preeminent, god-like
    Synonyms: caeles, caelestīnus

#### Declension

* A user has added this entry to requests for verification with the reason: “for masc. and ntr. gen. sg. in -ae”
* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.
Third-declension two-termination adjective.

#### Derived terms

* caelestia
* caelestiālis
* intercaelestis
* succaelestis
* supercaelestis

#### Related terms

* caeles
* caelestīnus
* Caelestis (“Tanit”)
* caelicola
* caelicus
* caelifer
* caelifluus
* caeligenus
* caeliger
* caeliloquus
* caelipotēns
* caelitēs
* caelitus
* caelum

#### Descendants

* Italo-Dalmatian:
** >? Corsican: celestu, celeste, cilestu
** >? Istriot: cialieste
** Italian: cilestro
* Ibero-Romance:
** >? Galician: xistra
Borrowings:
* → Catalan: celeste (learned), ⇒ celístia (semi-learned)
* → Galician: celeste (learned)
* → Gallurese: cilesti (learned)
* →? Italian: celeste (semi-learned/latinized?)
* → Ligurian: celeste (learned)
* → Old French: celeste (learned)
** Middle French: celeste
*** French: céleste
**** → English: celeste (learned)
**** → Romanian: celest (learned)
* → Old Galician-Portuguese: celeste (learned)
** Portuguese: celeste
* Sardinian:
** → Logudorese: tzeleste, cheleste (learned)
** → Nuorese: tzeleste (learned)
** → Campidanese: celesti (learned)
* → Spanish: celeste (learned)
* → Swedish: celest (learned)
* → Venetan: celeste, zheleste

### Noun

caelestis m or f (genitive caelestis); third declension
* (usually in the plural) a deity

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

### Further reading

* “caelestis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “caelestis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* caelestis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 238/3.
* caelestis in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, columns 900–901
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. (1) the heavenly bodies, (2) celestial phenomena: caelestia astronomy: astrologia (pure Latin sidera, caelestia) an astronomer: spectator siderum, rerum caelestium or astrologus heavenly things; earthly things: supera et caelestia; humana et citerioria
# afasia nominal
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of afasia +‎ nominal.

### Noun

afasia nominal (plural afasia-afasia nominal)
* (neurology, pathology) anomic aphasia, dysnomia, nominal aphasia, or amnesic aphasia: a mild, fluent type of aphasia where individuals have word retrieval failures.
    Synonyms: afasia anomik, afasia amnesia

### Further reading

* “afasia nominal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Portuguese
### Noun

afasia nominal f (uncountable)
* (neurology) nominal aphasia; anomia (difficulty recalling nouns)
    Synonym: anomia
# TF1
## French
### Proper noun

TF1 f
* (broadcasting) Initialism of Télévision Française 1, the first French television channel
# afasia ekspresif
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of afasia (“aphasia”) +‎ ekspresif (“expressive”).

### Noun

afasia ekspresif (uncountable)
* (neurology) expressive aphasia, Broca's aphasia: a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language although comprehension generally remains intact.
    Synonym: afasia Broca

### Further reading

* “afasia ekspresif” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# afasia Broca
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of afasia (“aphasia”) +‎ Broca.

### Noun

afasia Broca (uncountable)
* (neurology) Broca's aphasia, expressive aphasia: a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language although comprehension generally remains intact.
    Synonym: afasia ekspresif

### Further reading

* “afasia Broca” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# 𐽻𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽴
## Old Uyghur
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sekiŕ (“eight”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰾𐰚𐰔 (s²kz /⁠sekiz⁠/).

### Numeral

𐽻𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽴 (sʾkyz /sekiz/)
* eight

#### Derived terms

* 𐽻𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽴 𐽰𐽳𐽺 (sʾkyz ʾwn /⁠sekiz on⁠/, “eighty”)

#### Descendants

* Western Yugur: saɢəs (sagïs), saqəs (sagïs)

### References

* Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “säkiz”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 199
* Wilkens, Jens (2021) “säkiz”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 593-597
# sintaksis
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin syntaxis, from Ancient Greek σύνταξις (súntaxis).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /sinˈtaksis/ [sinˈt̪ak̚.sɪs]
* Rhymes: -aksis
* Syllabification: sin‧tak‧sis

#### Noun

sintaksis (plural sintaksis-sintaksis)
* syntax:
** a set of rules that govern how words are combined to form phrases and sentences.
** (computing) the formal rules of formulating the statements of a computer language.
** (linguistics) the study of the structure of phrases, sentences, and language.
    Synonyms: ilmu nahu, ilmu tata kalimat

### Further reading

* “sintaksis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# 石壁
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shíbì
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sek$^6$ bik$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sa̍k-piak
    (Hailu, HRS): shag$^ˋ$ biag
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h-piah
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shíbì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíhbì
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$-pi$^4$
*** Yale: shŕ-bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrbih
*** Palladius: шиби (šibi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ pi⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$時弊 / 时弊 石壁
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sek$^6$ bik$^1$
*** Yale: sehk bīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sek$^9$ bik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ség$^6$ big$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛːk̚² pɪk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-piak
*** Hakka Romanization System: sag biag$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sag$^6$ biag$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ pi̯ak̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shag$^ˋ$ biag
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃak² piak⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h-piah
*** Tâi-lô: tsio̍h-piah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cioiqpiaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² piaʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ piaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ piaʔ³²/

### Noun

石壁
* cliff; precipice
* stone wall

#### Derived terms

* 石壁無礙 / 石壁无碍
* 石壁經 / 石壁经

### Proper noun

石壁
* (～鎮) Shibi (a town in Ninghua, Sanming, Fujian, China)
* (～鎮) Shibi (a town in Qionghai, Hainan, China)
* Shek Pik (a place on Lantau Island, Hong Kong)
# samhørighed
## Danish
### Etymology

From samhørig +‎ -hed.

### Noun

samhørighed c (singular definite samhørigheden, not used in plural form)
* (social) cohesion

#### Declension
### References

* “samhørighed” in Den Danske Ordbog
# озбильни
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian озбиљан / ozbiljan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɔˈzbiʎni]
* Rhymes: -iʎni
* Hyphenation: оз‧биль‧ни

### Adjective

озбильни (ozbilʹni) (comparative озбильнєйши, superlative найозбильнєйши, adverb озбильно, abstract noun озбильносц)
* serious (genuine, sincere, in earnest, not jocular or deceiving, not sarcastic)
    Synonym: (rare) серйозни (serjozni)
    Antonyms: саркастични (sarkastični), видрижнююци (vidrižnjujuci), заєдлїви (zajedljivi)
* serious (composed, responsible for one's actions, thoughtful)
    Synonym: (rare) серйозни (serjozni)
    Antonym: нєозбильни (njeozbilʹni)
* serious (weighty, not insignificant)
    Synonym: (rare) серйозни (serjozni)
* serious (without humor or expression of happiness; grave in manner or disposition)
    Synonym: (rare) серйозни (serjozni)
    Antonyms: забавни (zabavni), нєозбильни (njeozbilʹni)

#### Declension
### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “озбильни”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “serious”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 272
# いくひろ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of いくひろ – see the following entry. :
| 【育宏】 | [proper noun] a male given name |
(This term, いくひろ (ikuhiro), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# koad
## Breton
### Etymology

From Middle Breton coat, from Proto-Brythonic *koɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaitos, from Proto-Indo-European *kayt-, *ḱayt- (“forest, wasteland, pasture”). Cognate with Welsh coed, English heath.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkwɑːt/

### Noun

koad m (plural koadoù or koadeier)
* wood, forest
# Žagars
## Latvian
### Proper noun

Žagars
* a male surname
# Žukausks
## Latvian
### Proper noun

Žukausks
* a male surname

### Further reading

* “Žukausks”, in Latviešu uzvārdu vārdnīca [Dictionary of Latvian surnames] (in Latvian), 2023–2025
# amalach
## Irish
### Adjective

amalach (genitive singular masculine amalaigh, genitive singular feminine amalaí, plural amalacha, comparative amalaí)
* Alternative form of gamalach (“loutish, silly”)

#### Descendants

* → Yola: amaluck

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “amalach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
# amaluck
## Yola
### Etymology

Borrowed from Irish amalach.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑmlək/

### Adjective

amaluck
* awkward

### References

* Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990) “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎, volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 153
# накјучер
## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* на̏кјуче̄

### Adverb

на̏кјуче̄р (Latin spelling nȁkjučēr)
* On the day before the day before yesterday

### Further reading

* “накјучер”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# allelomimetic
## English
### Etymology

From allelo- +‎ mimetic.

### Adjective

allelomimetic (not comparable)
* An action which is copied by others witnessing the behaviour, or which increases the likelihood of occurrence in others
# kasamantalahan
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* casamantalahan — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

### Etymology

From samantala +‎ ka- -han.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /kasamantalaˈhan/ [kɐ.sɐ.mɐn̪.t̪ɐ.lɐˈhan̪] (“opportunism”, noun)
*** Rhymes: -an
** IPA: /kasamantaˈlahan/ [kɐ.sɐ.mɐn̪.t̪ɐˈlaː.hɐn̪] (obsolete) (“good opportunity”, noun)
* Syllabification: ka‧sa‧man‧ta‧la‧han

### Noun

kasamantalahán (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎᜑᜈ᜔)
* opportunism; exploitation
    Synonym: pananamantala

### Noun

kasamantalahan (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜐᜋᜈ᜔ᜆᜎᜑᜈ᜔)
* (obsolete) good opportunity
    Synonyms: pagkakataon, tsansa

### Further reading

* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
# autócrata
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /auˈtokɾata/ [au̯ˈt̪o.kɾa.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -okɾata
* Syllabification: au‧tó‧cra‧ta

### Noun

autócrata m or f by sense (plural autócratas)
* autocrat

#### Related terms

* autocracia
* autocrático

### Further reading

* “autócrata”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# paʼlarroang
## Makasar
### Etymology

larro +‎ paʼ- -ang

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paʔlaˈrːɔaŋ]

### Noun

paʼlarroang (Lontara spelling ᨄᨒᨑᨚᨕ)
* hotheaded person, someone easily angered
# pakkuttuang
## Makasar
### Etymology

kuttu +‎ paʼ- -ang

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pakːuˈtːuaŋ]

### Noun

pakkuttuang (Lontara spelling ᨄᨀᨘᨈᨘᨕ)
* lazybones
# láctico
## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* lático

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlak.t͡ʃi.ku/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlak.t͡ʃi.ku/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈlak.t͡ʃi.ko/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈla.kti.ku/
* Hyphenation: lác‧ti‧co

### Adjective

láctico (feminine láctica, masculine plural lácticos, feminine plural lácticas)
* lactic (of, relating to, or derived from milk)

#### Related terms

* lácteo
* leite

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaɡtiko/ [ˈlaɣ̞.t̪i.ko]
* Rhymes: -aɡtiko
* Syllabification: lác‧ti‧co

### Adjective

láctico (feminine láctica, masculine plural lácticos, feminine plural lácticas)
* lactic

#### Derived terms

* ácido láctico

#### Related terms

* lactato

### Further reading

* “láctico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# solidary
## English
### Etymology

From French solidaire.

### Adjective

solidary (comparative more solidary, superlative most solidary)
* Having community of interests and responsibilities.

#### Related terms

* solid
* solidus
* solidarity

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “solidary”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “solidary”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “solidary”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# solidarisk
## Danish
### Etymology

From German solidarisch.

### Adjective

solidarisk (plural and definite singular attributive solidariske)
* solidary
* (law) joint and several

#### Declension

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

#### Related terms

* solid
* solidaritet

### References

* “solidarisk” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Latin solidum. Cognate of German solidarisch.

### Adjective

solidarisk (comparative mer solidarisk, superlative mest solidarisk)
* solidary
* (law) joint and several

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### Related terms

* solid
* solidaritet

### References

* solidarisk in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* solidarisk in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* solidarisk in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# ქერქი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian ქერქი (kerki), see there for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰeɾkʰi]
* Hyphenation: ქერ‧ქი

### Noun

ქერქი • (kerki) (usually uncountable, plural ქერქები)
* bark (of a tree)
* peel (of a fruit, vegetable, etc.)
* crust (external, hardened layer of certain foodstuffs or Earth)
    დედამიწის ქერქი ― dedamic̣is kerki ― Earth's crust
    პურის ქერქი ― ṗuris kerki ― Bread crust

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* ქერქიანი (kerkiani)
* ქერქისფერა (kerkispera)
* ქერქიჭამია (kerkič̣amia)
* ქერქსაცლელი (kerksacleli)

#### Related terms

* ქერქელა (kerkela)
* ქექერ (keker)
* ქენქერი (kenkeri)

## Old Georgian
### Etymology

According to Ḳelauraʒe, from *ქერ-ქერ- (*ker-ker-), by reduplication of *ქერ- (*ker-), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *ker-, whence also ქერქელა (kerkela, “shell, pod”), ქექერ (keker, “leather”), ქენქერი (kenkeri, “hard, firm”). Cognate with Laz ქაქარა (kakara, “firm, dry, hardened”).

### Noun

ქერქი • (kerki)
* bark (of a tree)
* peel (of a fruit, vegetable, etc.)
* crust (external, hardened layer of certain foodstuffs or Earth)

#### Descendants

* Georgian: ქერქი (kerki)
* → Bats: ქერქ (kerk)
* → Laz: ქერქი (kerki), ქჲერქი (kyerki)
* → Mingrelian: ქერქი (kerki)
* → Svan: ქერქ (kerk)

### References

* ↑ Ḳelauraʒe, Levan (2020) “Damaṭebani kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳonisatvis - VII [Addenda to Etymological Dictionary of Kartvelian Languages - VII]”, in Eṭimologiuri ʒiebani (in Georgian), volume XVII, Tbilisi: Dedaena, page 28 of 23–33

### Further reading

* Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “ქერქი”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)]‎ (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 453
# phasmatodean
## English
### Noun

phasmatodean (plural phasmatodeans)
* Any stick insect of the order Phasmatodea

### See also

* jumping bristletails, archaeognathans (Archaeognatha)
* cockroaches and termites, blattodeans (Blattodea)
* beetles, coleopterans (Coleoptera)
* earwigs, dermapterans (Dermaptera)
* flies, dipterans (Diptera)
* webspinners, embiopterans (Embioptera)
* mayflies, ephemeropterans (Ephemeroptera)
* ice crawlers, grylloblattodeans (Grylloblattodea)
* true bugs, hemipterans (Hemiptera)
* hymenopterans (ants, bees, wasps, etc.) (Hymenoptera)
* butterflies and moths, lepidopterans (Lepidoptera)
* mantises, mantodeans (Mantodea)
* mantophasmids (Mantophasmatodea)
* scorpionflies, mecopterans (Mecoptera)
* megalopterans (alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies, etc.) (Megaloptera)
* neuropterans (antlions, lacewings, mantisflies, etc.) (Neuroptera)
* damselflies and dragonflies, odonatans (Odonata)
* orthopterans (crickets, grasshoppers, katydids, etc.) (Orthoptera)
* stick insects, phasmatodeans (Phasmatodea)
* stoneflies, plecopterans (Plecoptera)
* barklice and booklice, psocodeans (Psocodea)
* snakeflies, raphidiopterans (Raphidioptera)
* fleas, siphonapterans (Siphonaptera)
* strepsipterans (Strepsiptera)
* thrips, thysanopterans (Thysanoptera)
* caddis flies, trichopterans (Trichoptera)
* zorapterans (Zoraptera)
* silverfish, zygentomans (Zygentoma)
# მოდერატორი
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* მოდერი (moderi)

### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin moderator.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [modeɾatʼoɾi]
* Hyphenation: მო‧დე‧რა‧ტო‧რი

### Noun

მოდერატორი • (moderaṭori) (plural მოდერატორები)
* (slang, Internet slang, neologism) forum or social network moderator, mod

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# homoseksuālākajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

homoseksuālākajās
* definite locative feminine plural of homoseksuālāks
# βλαστάνω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Denominal of βλαστός (blastós, “germ, sprout”). Origin uncertain, often compared to either βλωθρός (blōthrós, “tall”), which see, or German Blatt (“leaf, blade”). As for the latter, if from *bʰleh₃-, compare φύλλον (phúllon) and German Blütenstand from the same root.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blas.tá.nɔː/ → /βlasˈta.no/ → /vlasˈta.no/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /blas.tá.nɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /blasˈta.no/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /βlasˈta.no/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /vlasˈta.no/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /vlasˈta.no/

### Verb

βλᾰστᾰ́νω • (blăstắnō)
* (intransitive, of plants) to sprout, bud, begin to grow
** (intransitive, chiefly poetic, figuratively, of people) to sprout up: be born
*** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 911–912:Μητρὸς δ’ ἐν Ἅιδου καὶ πατρὸς κεκευθότοιν οὐκ ἔστ’ ἀδελφὸς ὅστις ἂν βλάστοι ποτέ.Mētròs d’ en Háidou kaì patròs kekeuthótoin ouk ést’ adelphòs hóstis àn blástoi poté.With my mother and father hid in Hades, there is no brother who can ever be born [for me].
* (transitive, causative) to produce, propagate

#### Synonyms

* (sprout): θάλλω (thállō), φύω (phúō)

#### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓νᾰβλᾰστᾰ́νω (ănăblăstắnō)
* βλάστημα (blástēma)

### References

* “βλαστάνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “βλαστάνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* βλαστάνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* βλαστάνω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “βλαστάνω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G985 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

## Greek
### Verb

βλαστάνω • (vlastáno) (past βλάστησα)
* Alternative form of βλασταίνω (vlastaíno)

#### Conjugation

    see: βλασταίνω (vlastaíno)
# thành viên
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 成員 (“member”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tʰajŋ̟˨˩ viən˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [tʰɛɲ˦˩ viəŋ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tʰan˨˩ viəŋ˧˧] ~ [tʰan˨˩ jiəŋ˧˧]

### Noun

thành viên
* member
# რავიცი
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* რავი (ravi), რა ვიცი (ra vici)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾavit͡sʰi]

### Phrase

რავიცი • (ravici)
* (informal) Alternative spelling of რა ვიცი (ra vici)
# რაზმი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian რაზმი (razmi, “military unit, detachment”), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (lcm /⁠razm⁠/), whence also Old Armenian ռազմ (ṙazm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾazmi]
* Hyphenation: რაზ‧მი

### Noun

რაზმი • (razmi) (plural რაზმები)
* brigade, posse

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* დარაზმვა (darazmva)
* დარაზმულობა (darazmuloba)
* მორაზმვა (morazmva)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ռազմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 138b, derives from Old Armenian ռազմ (ṙazm)
* Chkeidze, Thea (2001) “Georgia V. Linguistic contacts with Iranian languages”, in Ehsan Yarshater, editor, Encyclopædia Iranica‎, volume 10, New York, page 489a of 486–490
# რეისი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Dutch reis, presumably via Russian рейс (rejs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾeisi]

### Noun

რეისი • (reisi) (plural რეისი)
* flight (a specific journey made by an aircraft)
* trip, voyage

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# რიონი
## Georgian
### Etymology

In ancient classical sources, it is usually referred to as Phasis. Pliny and Procopius refer to it as Roan and Reon respectively. The hydronym has variously been derived from Svan, Iranian, Ancient Greek and Proto-Indo-European.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾioni]
* Hyphenation: რი‧ო‧ნი

### Proper noun

რიონი • (rioni)
* Rioni river, Phasis

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# რისკი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From French risque.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾiskʼi]
* Hyphenation: რის‧კი

### Noun

რისკი • (risḳi) (uncountable)
* risk

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# რისკიანი კაპიტალდაბანდება
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾiskʼiani kʼapʼitʼaldabandeba]
* Hyphenation: რის‧კი‧ა‧ნი კა‧პი‧ტალ‧და‧ბან‧დე‧ბა

### Noun

რისკიანი კაპიტალდაბანდება • (risḳiani ḳaṗiṭaldabandeba) (plural რისკიანი კაპიტალდაბანდებები)
* venture capital

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.