# 豆花
## Chinese

* 豆花 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Douhua (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dòuhuā
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄡˋ ㄏㄨㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dau$^6$ faa$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dao$^5$ hua$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tāu-hoe / tāu-hoa / tāu-hoee
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dao$^7$ huê$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dòuhuā
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋ ㄏㄨㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dòuhua
*** Wade–Giles: tou$^4$-hua$^1$
*** Yale: dòu-hwā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dowhua
*** Palladius: доухуа (douxua)
*** Sinological IPA : /toʊ̯⁵¹ xu̯ä⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dòuhuār
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˋ ㄏㄨㄚㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dòuhuar
*** Wade–Giles: tou$^4$-hua$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: dòu-hwār
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dowhual
*** Palladius: доухуар (douxuar)
*** Sinological IPA : /toʊ̯⁵¹ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dau$^6$ faa$^1$
*** Yale: dauh fā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dau$^6$ faa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: deo$^6$ fa$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐu̯²² faː⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dao$^5$ hua$^1$ [Phonetic: dao$^5$ ua$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dāu-hua
*** Sinological IPA : /tau²¹ $^{(h-)}$ua⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu-hoe
*** Tâi-lô: tāu-hue
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dauxhoef
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tau³³⁻²¹ hue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /tau²²⁻²¹ hue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tau⁴¹⁻²² hue³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tau³³⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu-hoa
*** Tâi-lô: tāu-hua
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dauxhoaf
*** IPA (Penang): /tau²¹ hua³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tau²²⁻²¹ hua⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhao'an)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu-hoee
*** Tâi-lô: tāu-huee
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dao$^7$ huê$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tāu hue
*** Sinological IPA : /tau¹¹ hue³³/

### Noun

豆花
* douhua; tofu pudding
* (literary or dialectal) flower of bean plant
    From: 溫庭筠 (Wen Tingyun) 《郊居秋日有懷一二知己》
    Gāoyuán jìlì chuí hésuì, sāngzhú cēncī yìng dòuhuā. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 豆腐腦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 豆花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 老豆腐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 豆腐花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 豆花 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 豆腐腦兒, 老豆腐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 豆腐腦, 豆花腦, 豆花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 豆腐腦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 豆腦兒, 豆腦子, 豆腐腦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 豆腐腦子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 豆腐腦兒, 豆腐腦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 豆腐腦, 豆腐腦兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 豆腐腦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 嫩豆花兒, 嫩豆花, 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Xindu) | 豆花兒, 豆花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Pidu) | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Wenjiang) | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Shuangliu) | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Xinjin) | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jintang | 豆花兒, 豆花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pengzhou | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dujiangyan | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongzhou | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dayi | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pujiang | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Qionglai | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 豆腐腦兒, 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 豆腐腦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 豆腐腦兒, 豆花兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 窖子豆腐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 豆花, 水豆腐, 豆腐腦, 石膏豆腐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 豆花, 水豆花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 豆花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 豆腐腦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 水豆腐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 豆花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 豆腐腦, 豆花, 水豆腐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 水豆腐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 豆腐腦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 豆腐花, 豆腐腦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 豆腐腦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 豆腐腦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 豆腐腦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 豆腐腦子, 豆腐花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 豆腐腦子, 豆腐花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 豆腐腦子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 豆腐腦, 水豆腐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 豆腐腦子, 水豆腐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 豆腐腦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 豆腐腦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 豆腐花, 水豆腐 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 豆腐花, 水豆腐 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 水豆腐 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 豆腐花 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 豆花, 豆腐花 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 豆腐 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 豆腐崽兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 水豆腐 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 豆花 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 豆腐腦子, 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 豆腐花 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 豆花 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 豆腐花 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 豆腐花 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 豆腐花 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 豆腐腦, 老豆腐 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 豆腐腦兒, 豆腦兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 豆腐腦 |
| Jin | Jining | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 豆腐腦兒, 老豆腐 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 豆腐腦兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 豆腐仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 豆腐囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 豆腐囝 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 豆腐花 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 豆腐花 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 豆花 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 豆腦 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 豆腦 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 豆腐 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 豆腐花 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 豆腐花 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 水豆腐, 豆腐花 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 豆腐花 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 豆腐花, 水豆腐 suburban |
| Wu | Danyang | 豆腐花, 豆腐腦腦 dated |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 豆腐腦 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 豆腐腦, 豆腐花 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 豆腐軟 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 豆腐湯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 豆腐腦 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 豆腐腦子, 懶豆腐 |

#### Derived terms

* 豆花水 (dòuhuāshuǐ)

#### Descendants

* → Amis: tofa
* → English: douhua, tau huay
* → Thai: เต้าฮวย (dtâo-huai)

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “豆花”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 135.