# deer
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English deere, dere, der, dier, deor (“small animal, deer”), from Old English dēor (“animal”), from Proto-West Germanic *deuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewsóm (“living thing”), from *dʰéws (“breath”), full-grade derivative of *dʰwes-.
Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“deer”), North Frisian dier (“animal, beast”), West Frisian dier (“animal, beast”), Dutch dier (“animal, beast”), German Low German Deer, Deert (“animal”), German Tier (“animal, beast”), Swedish djur (“animal, beast”), Norwegian dyr (“animal, beast”), Icelandic dýr (“animal, beast”), Danish dyr (“animal, beast”).
Related also to Albanian dash (“ram”) (possibly), Lithuanian daũsos (“upper air; heaven”), Lithuanian dùsti (“to sigh”), Russian душа́ (dušá, “breath, spirit”), Lithuanian dvėsti (“to breathe, exhale”), Sanskrit ध्वंसति (dhvaṃsati, “he falls to dust”).
For the semantic development compare Latin animālis (“animal”), from anima (“breath, spirit”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA: /dɪə/
* (General American) IPA: /dɪɹ/
** Audio (General American):(file)
* (Scotland, some US) IPA: /diːɹ/
* (Scotland) IPA: /diːɹ/
* (New Zealand) IPA: /diə/
* (East Anglia, cheer–chair merger) IPA: /dɛː/
* Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
* Homophones: dear, dir; dare (cheer–chair merger)

### Noun

deer (countable and uncountable, plural deer or (nonstandard) deers)
* (countable) A ruminant mammal with antlers and hooves of the family Cervidae, or one of several similar animals from related families of the order Artiodactyla.
* (countable; in particular) One of the smaller animals of this family, distinguished from a moose or elk.
    I wrecked my car after a deer ran across the road.
** 2020, Rumaan Alam, Leave the World Behind, Bloomsbury (2023), page 76:In the space beyond that, Rose saw a deer, with abbreviated velvet antlers and a cautious yet somehow also bored mien, considering her through dark, strangely human eyes.
* (uncountable) The meat of such an animal; venison.
    Oh, I've never had deer before.
* (countable; obsolete, except in the phrase "small deer") Any animal, especially a quadrupedal mammal as opposed to a bird, fish, etc.
** 1606, William Shakespeare, King Lear, act III, scene IV:But mice and rats and such small deer, have been Tom's food for seven long year.

#### Hypernyms

* (ruminant mammal): cervid

#### Hyponyms

* buck, hart (male deer); doe, hind (female deer); fawn (young deer); stag (adult deer)

#### Derived terms

* antideer
* axis deer
* Bactrian deer
* barking deer
* Bawean deer
* black-tailed deer
* brow-antlered deer
* Calamian deer
* Chinese water deer
* cloud deer
* Corsican red deer
* deer antler knife
* deerberry
* deerburger
* Deer Creek
* deerdom
* Deerfield
* deerflesh
* deer fly
* deerfly
* deer fly fever
* deerfold
* deerfood
* deergrass
* deergut
* deer-hair
* deer-hay
* deerhood
* deerhorn
* deer horn knife
* deerhound
* deerie
* deer in the headlights
* deer in the headlight syndrome
* deerish
* Deer Island
* deer ked
* deerless
* deerlet
* deerlick
* deerlike
* deerling
* Deer Lodge
* deer meat
* deer moon
* deer mouse
* deer-neck
* deerness
* deer-pig
* deer scarer
* deershit
* deerskin
* deer-skin
* deerslaughter
* deerslayer
* deerstalker
* deer stalker
* deer stalking
* deerstealer
* deer's tongue
* deer tick
* deertoe
* deervetch
* Eld's deer
* European red deer
* fallow deer
* Formosan deer
* ghost deer
* giant deer
* Guinea deer
* hog deer
* Indian hog deer
* Indochinese hog deer
* Irish deer
* Japanese deer
* Java mouse-deer
* key deer
* kill-deer
* Maral deer
* marsh deer
* Mindanao mountain deer
* Mindoro deer
* moose deer, mouse-deer
* mountain deer
* mouse deer
* mule deer
* musk deer
* nondeer
* north Andean deer
* pampas deer
* Père David's deer
* Prince Alfred's deer
* ravine deer
* red deer
* reindeer
* rib-faced deer
* roedeer
* roe deer
* rusa deer
* Schomburgk's deer
* sika deer
* Sitka deer
* spotted deer
* teal deer
* telemetacarpal deer
* Thorold's deer
* Tsushima Island deer
* vampire deer
* Vietnamese deer
* Virginia deer
* water deer
* western roe deer
* White Deer
* white-tailed deer
* Yarkand deer
* zombie deer disease

#### Descendants

* Sranan Tongo: dia

#### Translations

Abenaki: nolka
Afrikaans: takbok (af)
Ainu: ユㇰ (yuk)
Aklanon: usa
Albanian: dre (sq) m, sutë (sq) f, drenushë (sq) f, sorkadhe (sq) f
Algonquin: wàwàckèci
Apache:
Western Apache: bįįh
Arabic: أَيِّل m (ʔayyil)
Armenian: եղջերու (hy) (eġǰeru) (male), եղնիկ (hy) (eġnik) (female)
Aromanian: tserbu m
Assamese: হৰিণা (horina), হৰিণাপহু (horinapohu), হৰিণ (horin)
Asturian: ciervu m, venáu (ast) m
Aymara: taruka
Azerbaijani: maral (az)
Bashkir: болан (bolan)
Basque: orein (eu)
Bats: საგ class bd (sag)
Bau Bidayuh: rusa
Beaver: yaatune
Belarusian: але́нь m (aljénʹ)
Bengali: হরিণ (bn) (horin)
Breton: karv (br) f
Brunei Malay: payau
Bulgarian: еле́н (bg) m (elén)
Burmese: သမင် (my) (sa.mang)
Buryat: оро (oro)
Catalan: cérvol (ca) m
Cebuano: usa
Central Melanau: payau
Chechen: сай (saj)
Cherokee: ᎠᏫ (awi)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 鹿 (yue) (luk$^{6-2}$)
Mandarin: 鹿 (zh) (lù)
Chukchi: ӄораӈы
Comanche: arʉka
Cornish: karow
Creek: eco
Czech: jelen (cs) m, laň (cs) f
Danish: hjort
Dupaningan Agta: ogsa
Dutch: hert (nl) n
Egyptian: (hnn m), (jꜣywr m)
Elfdalian: juort m
Emilian: please add this translation if you can
Erzya: сёкань (śokań)
Esperanto: cervo (eo)
Estonian: hirv
Even: оран (oran)
Evenki: орон (oron)
Ewe: zi n
Faroese: hjørtur m
Finnish: hirvieläin (fi)
French: cerf (fr) m, chevreuil (fr) m
Middle French: cerf m
Old French: cerf m
Friulian: cierf m, cierv m
Galician: cervo (gl)
Georgian: ირემი (iremi)
German: Hirsch (de) m
Greek: ελάφι (el) n (eláfi), ζαρκάδι (el) n (zarkádi), (Gazella dorcas) δορκάδα (el) f (dorkáda), (Cervus elaphus) άλκη (el) f (álki)
Ancient: ἔλαφος m or f (élaphos)
Greenlandic: tuttorsuaq
Guaraní: guasu (gn)
Haitian Creole: sèf
Hebrew: אייל \ אַיָּל (he) m ('ayál)
Higaonon: saladung
Hiligaynon: usa
Hindi: हिरन (hi) (hiran), हरिण (hi) (hariṇ), मृग (hi) m (mŕg)
Hixkaryana: koso
Hopi: sowiʼyngwa
Hungarian: szarvas (hu)
Iban: rusa, bajai
Icelandic: hjörtur (is) (krónhjörtur), rádýr (is) n
Indonesian: kijang (id), rusa (id), menjangan (id)
Ineseño: wɨ
Ingrian: oleni
Ingush: сай (saj)
Interlingua: cervo
Irish: fia m, os m, fiara m (collective)
Old Irish: fíad m
Italian: cervo (it) m, alce (it) f, renna (it) f, daino (it) m, capriolo (it) m, caribù (it) m
Japanese: 鹿 (ja) (しか, shika), シカ (ja) (shika)
Jeju: 사슴 (saseum)
Kannada: ಜಿಂಕೆ (kn) (jiṅke)
Kaqchikel: masat
Kashaya: bihše
Kazakh: бұғы (būğy)
Ket: сель
Khmer: រមាំង (km) (rɔmeaŋ), ស្មាន់ (km) (sman)
Kimaragang: tambang
Korean: 사슴 (ko) (saseum)
Koryak: ӄояӈа (qoyaŋa)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ئاسک (ask)
Northern Kurdish: gakûvî (ku)
Kyrgyz: бугу (ky) (bugu)
Ladin: cerf
Lao: ຟານ (fān), ກວາງ (lo) (kuāng)
Latin: cervus (la) m, cerva f
Latvian: briedis
Ligurian: çervo m
Lithuanian: elnias (lt) m, elnė f
Lombard: cèrf m
Low German:
German Low German: hirsch m
Lutshootseed: sqigʷəc
Luxembourgish: Hirsch m
Macedonian: елен m (elen)
Malagasy: diera (mg), serfa (mg)
Malay: rusa (ms), menjangan (ms), payau (ms), cewe angin
Malayalam: മാൻ (ml) (māṉ)
Maltese: ċerf (ċerf l-aħmar), ċerv m
Manchu: ᠪᡠᡥᡡ (buhū)
Mansaka: osa
Manx: feeaih, feeaih
Mapudungun: wemül
Maranao: saladeng
Marathi: हरीण (mr) n (harīṇ), हरण n (haraṇ)
Maricopa: qwaq
Mbyá Guaraní: guaxu
Mi'kmaq: lentug anim, lntug anim, lentuk
Mòcheno: hirsch m
Mohegan-Pequot: noyuhc
Mon: ဂြာဲ (mnw)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: буга (mn) (buga)
Nahuatl:
Central: mazatl
Classical: mazatl
Highland Puebla: masat
Nanai: орон (oron)
Nanticoke: att-que, yow-cat
Navajo: bįįh
Nheengatu: suasú
Northern Khanty: вўԓы (wŭły)
Northern Ohlone: já̄wi
Northern Sami: ruksesgoddi
Norwegian: hjort (no), rådyr (no)
O'odham: sihki
Occitan: cèrvi (oc) m
Ojibwe: waawaashkeshi
Okinawan: 鹿 (shikaa)
Old Church Slavonic: ѥлєнь m (jelenĭ)
Old English: heorot m
Old Tupi: sygûasu
Oroqen: kʊmaka, ponto
Ossetian: саг (sag)
Pali: miga m
Pashto: سګه f (sagá)
Persian: گوزن (fa) (gavazn), گاوکوهی (gâvkuhi)
Piedmontese: serv m
Pipil: masat, mazat
Plautdietsch: Ree n, Hersch m
Polish: jeleń (pl) m anim
Portuguese: veado (pt) m, cervo (pt) m
Quechua: taruka (Bolivia), taruca (Ecuador)
Rayón Zoque: mʌꞌaj
Rohingya: hórin
Romagnol: zéruv m, zérov m
Romani: cherbo m
Romanian: cerb (ro) m, ciută (ro) f, căprioară (ro)
Romansch: tschierv
Russian: оле́нь (ru) m (olénʹ)
Salar: buğu
Sanskrit: मृग (sa) (mṛga), हरिण (sa) (hariṇa)
Sardinian: crebu, crefu, cherbu, chervu
Scottish Gaelic: fiadh (gd)
Sebop: payau
Sekapan: payau
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: јѐлен m, ко̀шута m, ла̏не m
Roman: jèlen (sh) m, kòšuta (sh) f, lȁne (sh) n
Seychellois Creole: serf
Sicilian: cervu (scn) m
Slovak: jeleň (sk) m, laň f
Slovene: jelen (sl) m, košuta (sl) f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: jeleń m
Southern Altai: ак кийик (ak kiyik), кийик (kiyik)
Spanish: ciervo (es) m, venado (es) m (Latin America)
Sranan Tongo: dia
Swahili: kulungu (sw)
Swedish: hjort (sv), hjortdjur (sv) n
Sylheti: ꠅꠞꠤꠘ (orin)
Tagal Murut: tambang
Tagalog: usa (tl)
Tai Dam: ꪀꪫꪱꪉ
Tajik: гавазн (gavazn)
Tamil: மான் (ta) (māṉ)
Taos: pę́na
Tatar: болан (tt) (bolan)
Tausug: usa
Telugu: జింక (te) (jiṅka)
Tepecano: swímar
Tetum: rusa
Thai: กวาง (th) (gwaang)
Tibetan: ཤ་བ (sha ba)
Tocharian B: karse
Tundra Nenets: ты (ti)
Turkish: geyik (tr)
Turkmen: sugun
Tuvan: иви (ivi)
Udmurt: пужей (pužej)
Ukrainian: о́лень (uk) m (ólenʹ)
Unami: ahtu
Urdu: ہرن (hiran)
Uyghur: بۇغا (bugha)
Uzbek: bugʻu (uz)
Vietnamese: hươu (vi), nai (vi)
Volapük: stäg (vo)
Welsh: carw (cy) m
West Coast Bajau: payou
West Frisian: hart
Western Bukidnon Manobo: selazeng
Yakut: таба (taba)
Yaqui: maaso
Yiddish: הירש m (hirsh)
Yoruba: àgbọnrin
Zazaki: kosbes n
Zhuang: maxloeg, duzgyog (dialectal), duzlog (dialectal) :

### Anagrams

* -dere, Eder, Rede, Reed, de re, dere, dree, rede, reed

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -eːr

### Verb

deer
* inflection of deren:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* tëyer (Wiesemann spelling)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈteːa/
* Rhymes: -eːa
* Syllabification: deer
* Homophone: Deer

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German it, from Old High German ir. Compare Luxembourgish dir.

#### Pronoun

deer
* you (plural)
* (formal) you (singular)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

deer
* stressed dative of du

### References

* Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “deer”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 32, column 2

## Limburgish
### Alternative forms

* dier (some dialects, Maastrichtian)
** dieer (Krefeld)
* deier (Sittard)
* deër (Southeast Limburgish)
** Déër (Eupen)

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch dier, from Old Dutch dier, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /deːʀ/
* Hyphenation: deer
* Rhymes: -eːʀ

### Noun

deer n
* pet
* beast, animal

#### Synonyms

* bees

## Nawdm
### Etymology

Compare Tem ɖeére.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /děːŕ/

### Noun

deer (plural deera)
* horse

### References

* Bakabima, Koulon Stéphane, Nicole, Jacques (2018) Nawdm-French Dictionary‎, SIL International

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian dēr, thēr, from Proto-West Germanic *þār. More at there.

### Adverb

deer
* there