# farm
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fɑːm/
* (US, Canada) enPR: färm, IPA: /fɑɹm/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)m

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle English ferme, farme (“rent, revenue, produce, factor, stewardship, meal, feast”), influenced by Anglo-Norman ferme (“rent, lease, farm”), from Medieval Latin ferma, firma. There is debate as to whether Medieval Latin acquires this term from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”), or from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). If the former etymology is correct, the term is related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Icelandic fjör (“life, vitality, vigour, animation”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor, supplier, grocer”). Cognate with Scots ferm (“rent, farm”).

#### Alternative forms

* (historical) feorm, (obsolete) ferme

#### Noun

farm (plural farms)
* (countable) A place where agricultural and similar activities take place, especially the growing of crops or the raising of livestock.
* (countable) A tract of land held on lease for the purpose of cultivation.
* (countable, often in combination) A location used for an industrial purpose, having many similar structures.
    antenna farm; fuel farm; solar farm; wind farm
** 2014 July 25, Suzanne Goldenberg, “Apple eyes solar to power the cloud and iPhone 6 sapphire manufacturing”, in The Guardian‎:The skies are threatening to pour on the Apple solar farm but as the woman in-charge of the company’s environmental initiatives points out: the panels are still putting out some power. Apple is still greening its act.
* (computing, countable) A group of coordinated servers.
    a render farm
    a server farm
* (obsolete) Food; provisions; a meal.
* (obsolete) A banquet; feast.
* (obsolete) A fixed yearly amount (food, provisions, money, etc.) payable as rent or tax.
** 1642, J. Perkins, transl., Profitable Bk. (new ed.) xi. §751. 329:If a man be bounden unto 1.s. in 100.l.£ to grant unto him the rent and farme of such a Mill.
** 1700, J. Tyrrell, Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 814:All..Tythings shall stand at the old Farm, without any Increase.
** 1767, W. Blackstone, Comm. Laws Eng. II. 320:The most usual and customary feorm or rent..must be reserved yearly on such lease.
* (historical) A fixed yearly sum accepted from a person as a composition for taxes or other moneys which he is empowered to collect; also, a fixed charge imposed on a town, county, etc., in respect of a tax or taxes to be collected within its limits.
** 1876, E. A. Freeman, Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiv. 439:He [the Sheriff] paid into the Exchequer the fixed yearly sum which formed the farm of the shire.
* (historical) The letting-out of public revenue to a ‘farmer’; the privilege of farming a tax or taxes.
** 1885, Edwards in Encycl. Brit. XIX. 580:
    The first farm of postal income was made in 1672.
* The body of farmers of public revenues.
** 1786, T. Jefferson, Writings (1859) I. 568:They despair of a suppression of the Farm.
* The condition of being let at a fixed rent; lease; a lease.
** 1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:It is a great willfullnes in any such Land-lord to refuse to make any longer farmes unto their Tennants.
** 1647, N. Bacon, Hist. Disc. Govt. 75:Thence the Leases so made were called Feormes or Farmes, which word signifieth Victuals.
** 1818, W. Cruise, Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 68:The words demise, lease, and to farm let, are the proper ones to constitute a lease.
* (historical) A baby farm.
** 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:Oliver’s sobs checked his utterance for some minutes; when he was on the point of beginning to relate how he had been brought up at the farm, and carried to the workhouse by Mr. Bumble, a peculiarly impatient little double-knock was heard at the street-door: and the servant, running upstairs, announced Mr. Grimwig.

##### Derived terms

* Allenfarm
* ant farm
* aura farm
* baby-farm
* baby farm
* bee farm
* beefarm
* bet the farm
* bird farm
* body farm
* brain farm
* buy the farm
* cat farm
* Chalk Farm
* click farm
* content farm
* county farm
* cube farm
* cubicle farm
* dairy farm
* factory farm
* farm animal
* farm business tenancy
* farm cat
* farm club
* farm girl
* farm hand
* farm holder
* farm house
* farm land
* farm league
* farm market
* farm-mate
* farm nigger
* farm owner
* farm runoff
* farm shop
* farm sim
* farm stall
* farm stand
* farm team
* farm the strike
* farm-to-fork
* farm-to-table
* farm upstate
* farm work
* farm worker
* fat farm
* fish farm
* funny farm
* fur farm
* give away the farm
* glebe-farm
* glebe farm
* gold farm
* health farm
* home farm
* honor farm
* kitten farm
* link farm
* missile farm
* oyster farm
* Pepperidge Farm remembers
* pizza farm
* poor farm
* prison farm
* rage farm
* ribbon farm
* server farm
* store farm
* stud farm
* tank farm
* The Farm
* tree farm
* troll farm
* truck farm
* turret farm
* wiki farm
* wind farm
* work farm
* working farm

##### Descendants

* Hawaiian Creole: farm
* → Dutch: farm
* → Finnish: farmi
* → German: Farm
* → Portuguese: farme, farma
* → Yiddish: פֿאַרם (farm)
* → Spanish: farmear
* → Thai: ฟาร์ม (faam)

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English fermen, from Anglo-Norman fermer (“to let out for a fixed payment, lease, rent”) ultimately from the same Old English source as Etymology 1. Compare Old English feormian (“to feed, supply with food, sustain”).

#### Verb

farm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)
* (intransitive) To work on a farm, especially in the growing and harvesting of crops.
* (transitive) To devote (land) to farming.
* (transitive) To grow (a particular crop).
* To give up to another, as an estate, a business, the revenue, etc., on condition of receiving in return a percentage of what it yields; to farm out.
    to farm the taxes
** 1783 December 1, “Speech on Mr. Fox's East-India Bill”, in The Works of R.H. Edmund Burke, volume 2, spoken by Edmund Burke, published 1855:[The East-India Company] have contrived to farm their subjects, and their duties toward these subjects, to that very Nabob, whom they themselves constantly represent as an habitual oppressor and a relentless tyrant.
* (obsolete, transitive) To lease or let for an equivalent, e.g. land for a rent; to yield the use of to proceeds.
** 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:We are enforced to farm our royal realm.
* (obsolete, transitive) To take at a certain rent or rate.
** 1886, The Fortnightly, volume 46, page 530:In Paris it is stated that nearly half the birth-rate of the city finds its way to nurses who farm babies in the suburbs.
* (Internet slang, originally online gaming) To engage in grinding (repetitive activity) in a particular area or against specific enemies for a particular drop or item.
** 2004, Doug Freyburger, “Pudding Farming Requires Care”, in rec.games.roguelike.nethack (Usenet):When you hit a black pudding with an iron weapon that does at least one point of damage there is a good chance it will divide into two black puddings of the same size (but half the hit points IIRC). […] When eaten black puddings confer several intrinsics so AC [armor class] is not the only potential benefit. […] Since black puddings are formidible monsters for an inexperienced character, farming is also a good way to die.
** 2010, Robert Alan Brookey, Hollywood Gamers, page 130:The practice of gold farming is controversial within gaming communities and violates the end user licensing agreements […]
** (by extension) To do the same action repeatedly or coordinately on a large scale, in order to attain a result in a way that is considered nonstandard (initially innovative) but usually frowned upon and considered cheating. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
    What she lacked in aura and personality she made up for by farming likes on her profile.
    See also: aura farming and like farm
    The monetization of trending content creators on various platforms has enabled lucrative schemes for cheating the Algorithm, whereby a user may farm likes, views and shares with hired sock accounts and usually bots; though legislation is in its infancy, farming of course carries the risk of a permanent ban.

##### Derived terms

* aura farming
* clip farm
* farmer
* farming
* farm out
* gold farmer
* gold farming
* karma farm
* like farm
* nonfarmed
* refarmed
* unfarmed

##### See also

* agriculture
* north forty

##### References

James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Farm”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

##### Further reading

* farm on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Etymology 3

From Middle English fermen, from Old English feormian (“to clean, cleanse”), from Proto-West Germanic *furbēn (“to clean, polish, buff”). Doublet of furbish.

#### Verb

farm (third-person singular simple present farms, present participle farming, simple past and past participle farmed)
* (UK, dialectal) To cleanse; clean out; put in order; empty; empty out
    Farm out the stable and pigsty.

### Anagrams

* AFRM, RFMA

## Dalmatian
### Alternative forms

* fiarm

### Etymology

From Latin firmus. Compare Italian fermo.

### Adjective

farm
* still; firm; steady; stationary

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

farm
* inflection of farmen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## German
### Verb

farm
* singular imperative of farmen

## Hawaiian Creole
### Etymology

Derived from English farm.

### Noun

farm
* (countable) farm (a place where agricultural and similar activities take place, especially the growing of crops or the raising of livestock)
** 2000, “Matthew 22”, in Joseph Grimes, transl., Da Jesus Book: Hawaii Pidgin New Testament‎, Wycliffe Bible Translators, →ISBN, page 66:But da peopo he wen tell fo come, dey no care, an dey go way from da guy. Some guys go back to dea farms, an odda guys go back dea stores fo do dea own business.But they made light of it and went their ways, one to his own farm, another to his merchandise.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English farm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfɒrm]
* Hyphenation: farm
* Rhymes: -ɒrm

### Noun

farm (plural farmok)
* farm
    Synonyms: tanya, gazdaság, birtok, földbirtok

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* farm in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* farm in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Icelandic
### Noun

farm
* indefinite accusative singular of farmur

## Old English
### Noun

farm f
* Alternative form of feorm

## Volapük
### Noun

farm (nominative plural farms)
* farm

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only