# 鯉

| 鯉 | U+9BC9, &#39881; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BC9 |
| ← 鯈 [U+9BC8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鯊 → [U+9BCA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鯉 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+7, 18 strokes, cangjie input 弓火田土 (NFWG), four-corner 2631$_4$, composition ⿰魚里)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1471, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46182
* Dae Jaweon: page 2003, character 34
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4691, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9BC9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 埋 | *mrɯː |
| 霾 | *mrɯː |
| 薶 | *mrɯː |
| 榸 | *ʔr'ɯː |
| 厘 | *rɯ |
| 狸 | *rɯ |
| 貍 | *p·rɯ |
| 梩 | *rɯ |
| 艃 | *rɯ |
| 里 | *rɯʔ |
| 理 | *rɯʔ |
| 鯉 | *rɯʔ |
| 俚 | *rɯʔ |
| 悝 | *rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː |
| 娌 | *rɯʔ |
| 裏 | *rɯʔ |
| 荲 | *r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rɯʔ): semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 里 (OC *rɯʔ).

### Etymology

Schuessler (2007) considers connection to Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”) to be unlikely.
Norman (2014) compares it to Proto-Kam-Tai *mbləi (“carp”), suggesting that it may be an early loan from Chinese; compare Thai ปลาไน (nai, “common carp”), Lakkia [script needed] (-plai⁴, “carp”).
See the entry 雙鯉魚 for the figurative senses.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǐ (li$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lei$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lei$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): li$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lî
    (Meixian, Guangdong): li$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): li$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): dì / lǐ
* Eastern Min (BUC): lī
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): li$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lí / lē / lě / tāi / tai / tâi / tǎi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): li$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$li
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǐ
*** Wade–Giles: li$^3$
*** Yale: lǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lii
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ni$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
*** Sinological IPA : /ni⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lei$^5$
*** Yale: léih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lei$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: léi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei̯¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: li$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /li²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /li⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: li$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /li⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dì / lǐ
*** Sinological IPA : /ti⁴²/, /li²¹/
* dì - vernacular;
* lǐ - literary.
* Middle Chinese: liX
Rime :
| Character | 鯉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 良士切 |
| Baxter | liX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /liə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lei$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鯉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ li$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə-rəʔ/ |
| English | carp (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鯉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7828 |
| Phonetic component | 里 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 里 |
| Old Chinese | /*rɯʔ/ |

### Definitions

鯉
* carp, especially the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
* (literary, figuratively) letter; correspondence
* (literary, figuratively) messenger

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 鯉 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鯉魚, 鯉 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 鯉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鯉魚, 拐子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 鯉魚, 鯉子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 鯉魚, 大鯉魚, 鯉子, 大鯉子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 鯉魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 鯉魚, 鯉子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 拐子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 鯉魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 鯉魚 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 鯉魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 鯉魚, 紅魚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 鯉魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 鯉魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 鯉魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 鯉魚 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 鯉魚, 拐子魚, 拐魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 黃殼鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 鯉魚 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 鯉魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 鯉魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 鯉魚, 龍魚, 花魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 鯉魚, 紅魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 鯉魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 花魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 鯉魚, 鯉拐子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 鯉魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 鯉魚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 鯉魚 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 鯉魚 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鯉魚 |
| Gan | Pengze | 鯉魚 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 鯉魚 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鯉魚, 鯉仔 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 鯉仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鯉魚, 鯉子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鯉魚, 鯉仔, 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 鯉仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鯉魚, 鯉仔, 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鯉魚, 鯉仔, 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鯉魚, 鯉魚, 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鯉魚, 鯉仔, 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鯉魚, 鯉 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 鯉嫲 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 鯉魚 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 鯉哥 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鯉魚 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Datong | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Linhe | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Jining | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Handan | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Jin | Suide | 鯉魚 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 鯉魚 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 鯉仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 鯉魚, 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 鮘仔魚, 鮘仔, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 鮘仔, 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 鮘魚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 鮘仔, 鮘魚, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 鮘仔, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 鮘魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 鮘魚, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 鯉魚, 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 烏鮘仔, 鯉魚, 鮘仔魚 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 鮘仔魚 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 鮘仔魚, 鯉魚, 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 鮘仔魚, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 鯉魚, 鮘仔, 鮘仔魚 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 鮘魚, 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 鮘仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 𬵃 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鯉姑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 鯉姑 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 鯉姑 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 鯉姑 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 鯉魚 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 鯉魚 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 鯉 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 鯉魚 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鯉魚 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 鯉魚, 元寶魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 鯉魚, 元寶魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Danyang | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 鯉魚, 鯉拐兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 元寶魚, 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 鯉魚 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 鯉魚 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鯉魚, 鯉滑子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鯉魚 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鯉魚 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 鯉魚 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Dong'an | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Renhua (Zhoutian) | 鯉嫲 big, 鯉仔 small |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Renhua (Shitang) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Changlai) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Beixiang) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Huangpu) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi) | 鯉魚 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Sanxi) | 鯉魚 |

### Compounds

* 乘鯉 / 乘鲤
* 九鯉湖 / 九鲤湖
* 冰鯉 / 冰鲤
* 剖鯉 / 剖鲤
* 孔鯉過庭 / 孔鲤过庭
* 尺鯉 / 尺鲤
* 控鯉 / 控鲤
* 文鯉 / 文鲤
* 朱砂鯉 / 朱砂鲤
* 朱鯉 / 朱鲤
* 江鯉 / 江鲤
* 炰鱉膾鯉 / 炰鳖脍鲤
* 烹鯉 / 烹鲤
* 王字鯉 / 王字鲤
* 琴高乘鯉 / 琴高乘鲤
* 素鯉 / 素鲤
* 脂鯉 / 脂鲤 (zhīlǐ)
* 臥冰求鯉 / 卧冰求鲤
* 角鯉 / 角鲤
* 贈鯉 / 赠鲤
* 赤鯉 / 赤鲤
* 赬鯉 / 赪鲤
* 躍鯉 / 跃鲤
* 遺鯉 / 遗鲤
* 錦鯉 / 锦鲤 (jǐnlǐ)
* 陵鯉 / 陵鲤
* 雙鯉 / 双鲤 (shuānglǐ)
* 雙鯉魚 / 双鲤鱼 (shuānglǐyú)
* 駕鯉 / 驾鲤
* 騎赤鯉 / 骑赤鲤
* 鯉子 / 鲤子
* 鯉對 / 鲤对
* 鯉庭 / 鲤庭
* 鯉書 / 鲤书
* 鯉溪 / 鲤溪 (Lǐxī)
* 鯉簰 / 鲤簰
* 鯉素 / 鲤素
* 鯉腸 / 鲤肠
* 鯉趨 / 鲤趋
* 鯉風 / 鲤风
* 鯉魚 / 鲤鱼 (lǐyú)
* 鯉魚風 / 鲤鱼风
* 鯪鯉 / 鲮鲤 (línglǐ)
* 鰻鯉 / 鳗鲤
* 鱸鯉 / 鲈鲤
* 鴻消鯉息 / 鸿消鲤息
* 黃鯉 / 黄鲤
* 龍鯉 / 龙鲤 (lónglǐ)

### References

* “鯉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “鲤”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 164.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: り (ri)
* Kan-on: り (ri)
* Kun: こい (koi, 鯉)

#### Compounds

* 養(よう)鯉(り) (yōri, “carp farming”)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鯉
* こい Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
/ko$_1$pi$_1$/ → /kopi/ → /kofi/ → */kowi/ → /koi/
From Old Japanese, attested in the Nihon Shoki.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こい [kóꜜì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞i]
* (Kyoto, Osaka) こい​ [kòíꜜ] (Teiki)

### Noun

鯉(こい) or 鯉(コイ) • (koi)
* carp, specifically, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

#### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コイ.

#### Synonyms

* カープ (kāpu)
* こ文字(もじ) (komoji, nyōbō kotoba)

#### Derived terms

* 鯉口(こいぐち) (koiguchi, “mouth of a (sword's) sheath”)
* 鯉(こい)のぼり, 鯉(こい)幟(のぼり) (koinobori, “carp streamer”)
* 伊勢(イセ)鯉(ゴイ) (Ise-goi)
* 寒(かん)鯉(ごい) (kangoi)
* 銀(ギン)湯(ユ)鯉(ゴイ) (gin'yu-goi)
* 似(ニ)鯉(ゴイ) (nigoi)
* 錦(にしき)鯉(ごい) (nishikigoi, “coloured carp”)
* 緋(ひ)鯉(ごい) (higoi)
* 真(ま)鯉(ごい) (ma-goi, “black carp”)
* 俎板(まないた)の鯉(こい) (manaita no koi)

#### See also

* 青(アオ)魚(ウオ) (aōo, “black carp”)
* 黒(コク)鰱(レン) (kokuren, “bighead carp”)
* 鯱(しゃちほこ), 鯱(しゃち)鉾(ほこ) (shachihoko)
* 草(ソウ)魚(ギョ) (sōgyo, “grass carp”)
* 白(ハク)鰱(レン) (hakuren), 鰱(レン)魚(ギョ) (rengyo, “silver carp”)
* 鮒(フナ) (funa, “crucian carp”)
* 腸(ワタ)香(カ) (wataka)

### Proper noun

鯉(こい) • (Koi)
* a surname

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

鯉 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鯉: Hán Nôm readings: lí
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.