# grund
## Dalmatian
### Alternative forms

* gruond, grunt

### Etymology

From Latin grandis, grandem.

### Adjective

grund
* big, large, great

#### See also

* maur

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡ̊ʁɔnˀ]

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse grunnr (“shallow”).

#### Alternative forms

* grundet

#### Adjective

grund
* shallow

##### Inflection

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

##### Descendants

* Norwegian Bokmål: grunn

### Etymology 2

A convergence of two Old Norse words, grund (“a plain”) and grunn (“a shallow”).

#### Noun

grund c (singular definite grunden, plural indefinite grunde)
* reason (a cause)
    Synonym: årsag
* motive (incentive to act; a reason)
* site, plot
    Jeg har købt en grund på 200 kvm.
       I've bought a plot of 200 square meters.
* foundation, basis
    grundlov (“constitution”)
* shoal, shallow (area of shallow water)

##### Descendants

* Norwegian Bokmål: grunn

### Etymology 3

See grunde (“to ground, establish, ponder”).

#### Verb

grund
* imperative of grunde

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse grund (compare grunnr), from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krʏnt/
* Rhymes: -ʏnt

### Noun

grund f (genitive singular grundar, nominative plural grundir)
* ground
    Synonym: jörð f
    Ég er kominn aftur á íslenska grund.I've returned to Icelandic ground.

#### Declension
## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *grundu, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡrund/

### Noun

grund m (nominative plural grundas)
* ground
** Caedmon's metrical paraphrase
    ...And ǣrest āmet ufan tō grunde and hū sīd sē swarta ēðm sēo....and first measure from above to its ground, how wide the black vapour is.
* bottom, foundation
    Ǣlċ sǣ, þēah hēo dēop sīe, hæfþ grund on þǣre eorðan.Every sea, no matter how deep, has a bottom in the Earth.
* abyss, (in the plural) depths
    of grundumfrom the depths

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* ġegrundweallian (“to found”)
* grundlēas (“bottomless”)
* grundlunga, grundlinga (“to the ground, completely”)
* grundstān (“foundation stone”)
* grundweall (“foundation”)

#### Descendants

* Middle English: ground, grund, grounde
** English: ground
*** → Fiji Hindi: garaund
*** → Maltese: grawnd
** Geordie English: grund, groond
** Scots: grund, groond, greund
** Yola: greoune, greoun, greound

## Old Norse
### Etymology

Related to Old Norse grunn (“shallow, shoal”). Possibly derived from Old Norse gróa (“to grow”).

### Noun

grund f (genitive grundar, plural grundir)
* (expanse of) land
* green field, grassy plain

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: grund f
* Faroese: grund f
* Swedish: grund c
* Danish: grund c

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “grund”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Old Saxon
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

### Noun

grund m
* ground, foundation, abyss, plain, earth

#### Declension
## Scots
### Alternative forms

* greund, groond

### Etymology

From Middle English ground, from Old English grund.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡrʌnd/

### Noun

grund (plural grunds)
* (Southern Scots) ground

### References

* “grund, n., v.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse grunnr (“shallow”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡrɵnd/
* Audio:(file)

#### Adjective

grund (comparative grundare, superlative grundast)
* shallow

##### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

##### Derived terms

* långgrund

### Etymology 2

A convergence of two Old Norse words, grund (“a plain”) and grunn (“a shallow”).

#### Noun

grund c
* ground, land
    Huset är byggt på ofri grund.The house is built on non-freehold property.
* the foundation of a building; the part of the outer walls of a house which extends below the level of the floor, and down to the ground.
* a fundament, a foundation, a basis, fundamentals; what other constructions (physical or metaphorical) rely on
* cause; reason
* a reef or shallow in water

##### Synonyms

* orsak c (4)

##### Related terms

* grunda
* grundlig
* grundlägga
* grundplåt
* grundskola
* husgrund
* krypgrund
* torpargrund

#### Noun

grund n
* An area of shallow water in a large body of water, which causes a potential danger to boats or ships.

##### Related terms

* grundkänning
* grundstötning

### Further reading

* grund in Svensk ordbok.