# 伺

| 伺 | U+4F3A, &#20282; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F3A |
| ← 伹 [U+4F39] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 伻 → [U+4F3B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

伺 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人尸一口 (OSMR), four-corner 2722$_0$, composition ⿰亻司)
* serve, wait upon, attend
* examine

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 97, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 483
* Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 5
* Unihan data for U+4F3A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 伺
* Small seal scripts05924Transcribed ancient scriptsL19232L19233L19234
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 司 | *slɯ |
| 伺 | *slɯ, *slɯs |
| 覗 | *slɯ, *slɯs |
| 笥 | *slɯ, *slɯs |
| 詞 | *ljɯ |
| 祠 | *ljɯ |
| 柌 | *ljɯ |
| 嗣 | *ljɯs |
| 孠 | *ljɯs |
| 飼 | *ljɯs |
| 呞 | *hljɯ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slɯ, *slɯs): semantic 人 (“person, man”) + phonetic 司 (OC *slɯ) – a person stands beside (attends), looks in.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sì (si$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ / si$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sù / sìr / sì
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sì
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^4$
*** Yale: sz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ / si$^6$
*** Yale: jih / sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ / si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ / xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²²/, /siː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
*** Tâi-lô: sù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sux
*** IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
*** Tâi-lô: sìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
*** Tâi-lô: sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: six
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /si²¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit伺 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ ～候 /sz̩⁵³/ ～機 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sʰz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰz̩³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /sz̩⁴⁴/ /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ ～新 |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ ～候 /sz̩¹³/ 窺視 |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩¹³/ /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sz̩²¹³/ /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sʰz̩²¹²/ ～候 /sz̩²¹²/ ～機 |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zz̩²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zz̩³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /sz̩⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zz̩²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰz̩³²⁴/ /sz̩²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ ～候 /sz̩⁵⁵/ ～機 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /sï⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡si²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰz̩³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡si²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /su²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /søy²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /su³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sɯ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /si²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: siH, si
Rime :
| Character | 伺 | 伺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 相吏切 | 息兹切 |
| Baxter | siH | si |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨ$^H$/ | /sɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sɨ$^H$/ | /sɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sie$^H$/ | /sie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɨ$^H$/ | /sɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /siə$^H$/ | /siə/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭə$^H$/ | /sĭə/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si$^H$/ | /si/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sì | sī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^3$ | si$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*slɯs/, /*slɯ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 伺 | 伺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 11955 | 11952 |
| Phonetic component | 司 | 司 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 笥 | 思 |
| Old Chinese | /*slɯs/ | /*slɯ/ |

#### Definitions

伺
* to spy; to examine
* to wait

#### Compounds

* 伏伺
* 伺便 (sìbiàn)
* 伺察
* 伺探
* 伺晨鳥 / 伺晨鸟
* 伺機 / 伺机 (sìjī)
* 伺機而動 / 伺机而动
* 伺隙
* 偵伺 / 侦伺 (zhēnsì)
* 守株伺兔
* 強敵環伺 / 强敌环伺
* 狙伺
* 環伺 / 环伺 (huánsì)
* 窺伺 / 窥伺 (kuīsì)
* 觀釁伺隙 / 观衅伺隙
* 詗伺 / 诇伺
* 鬼伺
* 黃雀伺蟬 / 黄雀伺蝉

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cì (ci$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ / si$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sù / sìr / sū
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cì
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cìh
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^4$
*** Yale: tsz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyh
*** Palladius: цы (cy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ / si$^6$
*** Yale: jih / sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ / si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ / xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²²/, /siː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
*** Tâi-lô: sù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sux
*** IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
*** Tâi-lô: sìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
*** Tâi-lô: sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: su
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²²/
* Xiamen, Zhangzhou:
** sù - literary;
** sū - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit伺 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ ～候 /sz̩⁵³/ ～機 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sʰz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰz̩³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /sz̩⁴⁴/ /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ ～新 |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ ～候 /sz̩¹³/ 窺視 |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩¹³/ /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sz̩²¹³/ /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sʰz̩²¹²/ ～候 /sz̩²¹²/ ～機 |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zz̩²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zz̩³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /sz̩⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zz̩²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰz̩³²⁴/ /sz̩²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ ～候 /sz̩⁵⁵/ ～機 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /sï⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡si²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰz̩³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡si²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /su²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /søy²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /su³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sɯ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /si²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: siH
Rime :
| Character | 伺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 相吏切 |
| Baxter | siH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sɨ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sie$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /siə$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭə$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*slɯs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 伺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 11955 |
| Phonetic component | 司 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 笥 |
| Old Chinese | /*slɯs/ |

#### Definitions

伺
* Only used in 伺候 (cìhou).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to inquire after, to ask

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: うかがう (ukagau, 伺う, Jōyō)、うかがい (ukagai, 伺い)

#### Compounds

* 伺(うかが)う (ukagau)

### References

* ↑ 0053 Kanji. Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary: Revised and Expanded, Halpern, Jack. 2013.

## Korean
### Hanja

伺 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.