# 澆

| 澆 | U+6F86, &#28550; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F86 |
| ← 澅 [U+6F85] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 澇 → [U+6F87] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 澆 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𣷝 |
| Simplified | 浇 |

### Han character

澆 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水土土山 (EGGU), four-corner 3411$_1$, composition ⿰氵堯)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 651, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18317
* Dae Jaweon: page 1061, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1734, character 15
* Unihan data for U+6F86

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 撓 | *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ |
| 鐃 | *rŋaːw |
| 譊 | *rŋaːw |
| 橈 | *rŋaːws, *ŋjew |
| 磽 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ |
| 墝 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw |
| 穘 | *hŋreːw |
| 顤 | *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws |
| 燒 | *hŋjew, *hŋjaws |
| 饒 | *ŋjew, *ŋjaws |
| 蟯 | *ŋjew, *ʔŋew |
| 蕘 | *ŋjew |
| 襓 | *ŋjew |
| 繞 | *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws |
| 遶 | *ŋjewʔ |
| 嬈 | *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws |
| 趬 | *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews |
| 蹺 | *ŋ̊ʰew |
| 翹 | *ɡew, *ɡews |
| 澆 | *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws |
| 驍 | *ŋkeːw |
| 僥 | *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw |
| 堯 | *ŋeːw |
| 垚 | *ŋeːw |
| 嶢 | *ŋeːw |
| 獟 | *ŋeːws |
| 膮 | *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ |
| 嘵 | *hŋeːw |
| 憢 | *hŋeːw |
| 曉 | *hŋeːwʔ |
| 皢 | *hŋeːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiāo (jiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hiu$^1$ / giu$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): giĕu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieo$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiau / jiâu
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ciau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiao
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^1$
*** Yale: jyāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiau
*** Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hiu$^1$ / giu$^1$
*** Yale: hīu / gīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hiu$^1$ / giu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hiu$^1$ / giu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːu̯⁵⁵/, /kiːu̯⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giĕu
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zieo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sieu⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiau
*** Tâi-lô: kiau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiaw
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiâu
*** Tâi-lô: jiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jiaau
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ciau
*** MiniDict: ciau$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jiau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: kew
Rime :
| Character | 澆 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古堯切 |
| Baxter | kew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /keu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /keu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /keu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɛw/ |
| Li Rong | /keu/ |
| Wang Li | /kieu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kieu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | giu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋkeːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 澆 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14685 |
| Phonetic component | 垚 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 驍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋkeːw/ |

#### Definitions

澆
* to pour (liquid)
* to irrigate (using a waterwheel)
* to water; to sprinkle
* to cast; to shape metal; to mold
* (literary, or in compounds) frivolous; disrespectful; discourteous

##### Synonyms

* (to pour):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 澆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 澆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 澆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 澆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 澆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 澆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 澆, 淋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 淋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 澆, 淋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 澆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 澆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 澆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 淋, 飲 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 澆, 飲 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 淋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 淋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 澆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 澆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 澆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 淋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 淋 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 淋 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 淋 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 淋 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 澆, 淋 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 澆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 淋 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 淋 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 淋 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 淋 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 沃 |
| Hakka | Changting | 潑 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 沃 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 沃 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 淋 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 澆 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 淋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 淋, 浴 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 沃 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 淋 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 淋 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 淋 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 淋 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 澆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 澆 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 澆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 沃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 沃 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 淋, 沃 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 沃 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 澆, 淋 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 澆 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 澆 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 澆 |
| Wu | Danyang | 澆 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 澆 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 澆, 浰, 淋 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 澆, 淋 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 淋, 印 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 淋 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 淋, 印 |
* (to irrigate): 灌溉 (guàngài)
* (to cast): 澆鑄／浇铸 (jiāozhù)
* (frivolous):
* 浮蕩 / 浮荡 (fúdàng)
* 癲狂 / 癫狂 (diānkuáng)
* 蹀躞 (diéxiè) (literary, dialectal)
* 輕佻 / 轻佻 (qīngtiāo)
* 輕浮 / 轻浮 (qīngfú)
* 輕狂 / 轻狂 (qīngkuáng)
* 輕薄 / 轻薄 (qīngbó)

#### Compounds

* 借酒澆愁 / 借酒浇愁 (jièjiǔjiāochóu)
* 冷水澆頭 / 冷水浇头
* 如湯澆雪 / 如汤浇雪
* 湯澆雪 / 汤浇雪
* 澆冷水 / 浇冷水
* 澆奠 / 浇奠
* 澆季 / 浇季
* 澆弛 / 浇弛
* 澆愁 / 浇愁
* 澆手 / 浇手
* 澆梅根 / 浇梅根
* 澆水 / 浇水 (jiāoshuǐ)
* 澆漓 / 浇漓
* 澆灌 / 浇灌 (jiāoguàn)
* 澆瓜之惠 / 浇瓜之惠
* 澆花 / 浇花 (jiāohuā)
* 澆薄 / 浇薄 (jiāobó)
* 澆裹 / 浇裹
* 澆訛 / 浇讹
* 澆鑄 / 浇铸 (jiāozhù)
* 澆頭 / 浇头 (jiāotou)
* 澆風薄俗 / 浇风薄俗
* 澆饡 / 浇𱄊
* 火上澆油 / 火上浇油 (huǒshàngjiāoyóu)
* 酒澆壘塊 / 酒浇垒块

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ào (ao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngou$^6$ / jiu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ào
*** Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ào
*** Wade–Giles: ao$^4$
*** Yale: àu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
*** Palladius: ао (ao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngou$^6$ / jiu$^6$
*** Yale: ngouh / yiuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngou$^6$ / jiu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngou$^6$ / yiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋou̯²²/, /jiːu̯²²/
* Middle Chinese: ngewH
Rime :
| Character | 澆 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 五弔切 |
| Baxter | ngewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋeu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋeu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋeu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋɛw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋeu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋieu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋieu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋeːws/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 澆 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14694 |
| Phonetic component | 垚 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 顤 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋeːws/ |

#### Definitions

澆
* Used in personal names.

### References

* “澆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “浇”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 107.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𣷝 |
| Kyūjitai | 澆 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𣷝)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぎょう (gyō)
* Kun: そそぐ (sosogu)

## Korean
### Hanja

澆 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

澆: Hán Nôm readings: nhão, kiêu, nghiêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999