# 가

(see here for the particle and verbal suffix)
| 가 | U+AC00, &#44032; HANGUL SYLLABLE GA |
| Composition: | ㄱ + ㅏ |
* [unassigned: U+ABFA–U+ABFF]
| ← ꯹ [U+ABF9] | Hangul Syllables | 각 → [U+AC01] |
| ㈎ | U+320E, &#12814; PARENTHESIZED HANGUL KIYEOK A |
| ← ㈍ [U+320D] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㈏ → [U+320F] |
| ㉮ | U+326E, &#12910; CIRCLED HANGUL KIYEOK A |
| ← ㉭ [U+326D] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㉯ → [U+326F] |
가각갂갃간갅갆 갇갈갉갊갋갌갍 갎갏감갑값갓갔 강갖갗갘같갚갛 :
* → 개

## Korean
### Etymology 1

ㄱ (g) is the first consonant and ㅏ (a) is the first vowel in the ordering of hangul.

#### Symbol

가 • (ga)
* The first syllable in the standard ordering of hangul, the Korean alphabet; often used to mark the first item of a list or sub-list, equivalent to English A and Japanese あ.

##### Derived terms

* 가갸시절 (gagyasijeol, “childhood; time when you first learn your letters”)(North Korea)

##### See also

* 갑(甲) (gap)

### Etymology 2

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᇫ〯 (Yale: kǒz).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠(ː)]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

가 • (ga)
* (especially in compounds) border, edge, end
    Antonyms: 속 (sok), 안 (an)
    강가 ― gangga ― riverside
    냇가 ― naetga ― streamside
    우물가 ― umulga ― well side
* (with an implied or explicit possessor) around, nearby, beside
    Synonyms: 옆 (yeop), 주변(周邊) (jubyeon)
    그 가에 나는 앉았다. ― Geu ga-e na-neun anjatda. ― I sat beside it.
    부처님 가에 꽃들이 만발했다.Bucheonim ga-e kkot-deur-i manbal-haetda.The flowers were in full bloom around the Buddha.
* brim (of a vessel)
    참기름을 따를 때 가에 흘리지 않도록 조심해라.Chamgireum-eul ttareul ttae ga-e heulliji an-torok josimhaera.Be careful not to spill on the brim when pouring sesame oil.

##### Usage notes

* In compounds, it takes the genitive ㅅ (-s-).

##### Derived terms

* 가없다 (ga'eopda, “to be boundless, limitless”)
* 강가 (江—, gangga, “riverside”)
* 길가 (gilga, “roadside”)
* 난롯가 (煖爐—, nallotga, “fireside”)
* 물가 (mulga, “shore”)
* 바닷가 (badatga, “seaside”)
* 입가 (ipga, “lips”)
* 호숫가 (hosutga, “lakeside, lakeshore”)

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 家 (“house, family”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가]

#### Noun

가 • (ga) (hanja 家)
* (formal) family, household
    Synonym: 가족(家族) (gajok)
* (chiefly in compounds) dynasty, lineage, household, House
    합스부르크가 ― hapseubureukeu-ga ― House of Hapsburg
    재벌가 ― jaebeol-ga ― corporate family

#### Suffix

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 家)
* -er, -ist
    Synonyms: 자(者) (ja), 수(手) (su)
    ‎건축(建築) (geonchuk, “architecture”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎건축가(建築家) (geonchukga, “architect”)
    ‎전략(戰略) (jeollyak, “strategy”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎전략가(戰略家) (jeollyakga, “strategist”)
    ‎자본(資本) (jabon, “capital”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎자본가(資本家) (jabon'ga, “capitalist”)
    ‎애묘(愛猫) (aemyo, “loving cats”) + ‎가(家) (ga) → ‎애묘가(愛猫家) (aemyoga, “cat-lover”)

#### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 家 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (家, ga).

### Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 可 (“possible”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠(ː)]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

가 • (ga) (hanja 可)
* (chiefly suffixal) allowed; permitted
    Antonym: 불가(不可) (bulga)
    15세 관람 가 ― sibose gwallam ga ― those of age 15 permitted to watch
    분할 상환 가 ― bunhal sanghwan ga ― divided reimbursement allowed
* aye, for (in meetings, etc.)
    Antonym: 부(否) (bu)
    의원 여러분께서는 본 안건에 대해 가인지 부인지를 결정해주시기를 바랍니다.Uiwon yeoreobun-kkeseo-neun bon an'geon-e daehae ga-inji bu-inji-reul gyeoljeonghae-jusigi-reul baramnida.Members of parliament, please decide whether you are for or against on this agenda.
* The lowest score in the five-point grading system in South Korean schools, ultimately abolished in 2012; equivalent to E or F in the Roman alphabet grading scheme.
    Coordinate terms: 수(秀) (su), 우(優) (u), 미(美) (mi), 양(良) (yang)

##### Derived terms

* 가(可)하다 (gahada, “to be permitted”)
* See the hanja entry at 可 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (可, ga).

### Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 價 (“price, value”).

#### Suffix

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 價)
* price
* (physics, after a numeral) valence

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 價 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (價, ga).

### Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 街 (“street”).

#### Suffix

—가 • (-ga) (hanja 街)
* (in address names) street
    종로3가 ― jongno-sam-ga ― Jongno, third street

##### Derived terms

* 다우닝가 (dauningga, “Downing Street”)
* 매디슨가 (maediseun'ga, “Madison Avenue”)
* 월가 (wolga, “Wall Street”)
* See the hanja entry at 街 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (街, ga).

### Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from 假 (“false”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠(ː)]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Prefix

가— • (ga-) (hanja 假)
* false
* temporary

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 假 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (假, ga).

##### Related terms

* 가짜 (gajja, “fake”)

### Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from 加 (“to add”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가]

#### Root

가 • (ga) (hanja 加)
* Root of 가하다 (gahada). Rarely used alone.

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 加 for Sino-Korean compounds of 가 (加, ga).

### Etymology 9

From Middle Korean 가〮 (Yale: ká); see the main entry for more.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [가]

#### Verb

가 • (ga)
* infinitive of 가다 (gada, “to go”): see 가다 (gada), 어 (-eo).
* informal non-polite non-past indicative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
* informal non-polite non-past interrogative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
* informal non-polite hortative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
* informal non-polite imperative of 가다 (gada, “to go”)
* formal non-polite cause/reason of 가다 (gada, “to go”)

### Etymology 10

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

가 • (ga)
{{box|
* {{ko-hanja-reading|仮|[[거짓]
* 伽: temple
    (eumhun reading: 절 가 (jeol ga)) (MC reading: 伽 (MC gja))
* 佳: beautiful
    (eumhun reading: 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga)) (MC reading: 佳 (MC kea))
* 假: lie
    (eumhun reading: 거짓 가 (geojit ga)) (MC reading: 假 (MC kaeX|kaeH))
* 傢: furniture
    (eumhun reading: 가구 가 (gagu ga)) (MC reading: 傢)
* 價: price
    (eumhun reading: 값 가 (gap ga)) (MC reading: 價 (MC kaeH))
* 加: to add
    (eumhun reading: 더할 가 (deohal ga)) (MC reading: 加 (MC kae))
* 可: right; able
    (eumhun reading: 옳을 가 (oreul ga)) (MC reading: 可 (MC khaX))
* 呵: to scold
    (eumhun reading: 꾸짖을 가 (kkujijeul ga)) (MC reading: 呵 (MC xa|xaH))
* 咖: coffee
    (eumhun reading: 커피 가 (keopi ga)) (MC reading: 咖)
* 哥: a surname
    (eumhun reading: 성씨 가 (seongssi ga)) (MC reading: 哥 (MC ka))
* 哿: right, good
    (eumhun reading: 옳을 가 (oreul ga)) (MC reading: 哿 (MC kaX))
* 嘉: beautiful, joyous; happy
    (eumhun reading: 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga)) (MC reading: 嘉 (MC kae))
* 坷: uneven; unlevel
    (eumhun reading: 평탄하지 않을 가 (pyeongtanhaji aneul ga)) (MC reading: 坷 (MC khaX|khaH))
* 嫁: get married (of women)
    (eumhun reading: 시집갈 가 (sijipgal ga)) (MC reading: 嫁 (MC kaeH))
* 宊: house
    (eumhun reading: 집 가 (jip ga)) (MC reading: 宊 (MC thwot))
* 家: house
    (eumhun reading: 집 가 (jip ga)) (MC reading: 家 (MC kae))
* 苛: severe; harsh
    (eumhun reading: 가혹할 가 (gahokhal ga)) (MC reading: 苛 (MC ha))
* 茄: lotus root, aubergine
    (eumhun reading: 연줄기, 가지 가 (yeonjulgi, gaji ga)) (MC reading: 茄 (MC gja|kae))
* 葭: reed
    (eumhun reading: 갈대 가 (galdae ga)) (MC reading: 葭 (MC kae))
* 斝: drinking-cup
    (eumhun reading: 술잔 가 (suljan ga)) (MC reading: 斝 (MC kaeX))
* 暇: spare time
    (eumhun reading: 틈, 겨를 가 (teum, gyeoreul ga)) (MC reading: 暇 (MC haeH))
* 架: rack
    (eumhun reading: 시렁 가 (sireong ga)) (MC reading: 架 (MC kaeH))
* 枷: knife; flail
    (eumhun reading: 칼 가 (kal ga)) (MC reading: 枷 (MC gja|kae))
* 柯: branch
    (eumhun reading: 가지 가 (gaji ga)) (MC reading: 柯 (MC ka))
* 榎: catalpa
    (eumhun reading: 개오동나무 가 (gae'odongnamu ga)) (MC reading: 榎 (MC kaeX))
* 檟: catalpa
    (eumhun reading: 개오동나무 가 (gae'odongnamu ga)) (MC reading: 檟 (MC kaeX))
* 歌: music; song
    (eumhun reading: 노래 가 (norae ga)) (MC reading: 歌 (MC ka))
* 珂: agate
    (eumhun reading: 마노 가 (mano ga)) (MC reading: 珂 (MC kha))
* 珈: hair ornament
    (eumhun reading: 머리꾸미개 가 (meorikkumigae ga)) (MC reading: 珈 (MC kae))
* 迦: used in transliterating Sanskrit
    (eumhun reading: 부처 이름 가 (bucheo ireum ga)) (MC reading: 迦 (MC kja|kae))
* 痂: scab
    (eumhun reading: 딱지 가 (ttakji ga)) (MC reading: 痂 (MC kae))
* 稼: to plant
    (eumhun reading: 심을 가 (simeul ga)) (MC reading: 稼 (MC kaeH))
* 笳: a reed pipe
    (eumhun reading: 호드기 가 (hodeugi ga)) (MC reading: 笳 (MC kae))
* 耞: flail
    (eumhun reading: 도리깨 가 (dorikkae ga)) (MC reading: 耞)
* 舸: boat; ship
    (eumhun reading: 배 가 (bae ga)) (MC reading: 舸 (MC kaX))
* 街: street
    (eumhun reading: 거리 가 (geori ga)) (MC reading: 街 (MC kea|keaj))
* 袈: the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns
    (eumhun reading: 가사 가 (gasa ga)) (MC reading: 袈 (MC kae))
* 訶: to scold
    (eumhun reading: 꾸짖을 가 (kkujijeul ga)) (MC reading: 訶 (MC xa))
* 謌: music; song
    (eumhun reading: 노래 가 (norae ga)) (MC reading: 謌 (MC ka))
* 賈: price, value
    (eumhun reading: 값 가 (gap ga)) (MC reading: 賈 (MC kuX|kaeX|kaeH))
* 跏: to do a lotus position
    (eumhun reading: 책상다리할 가 (chaeksangdarihal ga)) (MC reading: 跏 (MC kae))
* 軻: handcart, a surname
    (eumhun reading: 수레, 사람 이름 가 (sure, saram ireum ga)) (MC reading: 軻 (MC kha|khaX|khaH))
* 駕: yoke
    (eumhun reading: 멍에 가 (meong'e ga)) (MC reading: 駕 (MC kaeH))
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