# quack
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kwæk/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Rhymes: -æk

### Etymology 1

From Middle English *quacken, queken (“to croak like a frog; make a noise like a duck, goose, or quail”), from quack, qwacke, quek, queke (“quack”, interjection and noun), also kek, keke, whec-, partly of imitative origin and partly from Middle Dutch quacken (“to croak, quack”), from Old Dutch *kwaken (“to croak, quack”), from Proto-West Germanic *kwakōn, from Proto-Germanic *kwakaną, *kwakōną (“to croak”), of imitative origin. Cognate with Saterland Frisian kwoakje, kwaakje (“to quack”), Middle Low German quaken (“to quack, croak”), German quaken (“to quack, croak”), Danish kvække (“to croak”), Swedish kväka (“to croak, quackle”), Norwegian kvekke (“to croak”), Icelandic kvaka (“to twitter, chirp, quack”).

#### Alternative forms

* quaake (obsolete)

#### Noun

quack (plural quacks)
* The sound made by a duck.
    Did you hear that duck make a quack?

##### Translations
#### Verb

quack (third-person singular simple present quacks, present participle quacking, simple past and past participle quacked)
* To make a noise like a duck.
    The more breadcrumbs I threw on the ground, the more they quacked.
    Do you hear the ducks quack?
* (intransitive) Of a queen bee: to make a high-pitched sound during certain stages of development.
    Coordinate terms: toot, pipe

##### Derived terms

* quacker
* quack like a duck
* quacky

##### Translations
#### Interjection

quack
* A duck's quack.

##### Translations
#### References

* ↑ Robert E. Lewis, Middle English dictionary, Volume 8, queke.

### Etymology 2

Clipping of quacksalver (see there for more), of Dutch origin; ultimately related to Etymology 1 above.

#### Noun

quack (plural quacks)
* (derogatory) A fraudulent healer, especially a bombastic peddler in worthless treatments, a doctor who makes false diagnoses for monetary benefit, or an untrained or poorly trained doctor who uses fraudulent credentials to attract patients [from c. 1630]
    That doctor is nothing but a lousy quack!
** 1662, Rump: or an Exact Collection of the Choycest Poems and Songs Relating to Late Times, Vol. II, by ‘the most Eminent Wits’
    Tis hard to say, how much these Arse-wormes do urge us, We now need no Quack but these Jacks for to purge us, [...]
** 1720, William Derham, Physico-theology:After ſome Months, the Quack gets privately to Town, [...]
** 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “ch. 8, The Electon”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book II (The Ancient Monk):‘if we are ourselves valets, there shall ‘exist no hero for us; we shall not know the hero when we see him;’ - we shall take the quack for a hero; and cry, audibly through all ballot-boxes and machinery whatsoever, Thou art he; be thou King over us!
** 1885, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, “A More Humane Mikado”, in […] The Mikado; or, The Town of Titipu, London: Chappel & Co., […], →OCLC, Act II, page 36:The advertising quack who wearies / With tales of countless cures, / His teeth, I've enacted, / Shall all be extracted / By terrified amateurs.
** 1981, S.O.B. (film):
    Polly (to security guard, referring to Dr. Feingarten): Are you going to let that shyster in there?
    Dr. Feingarten: I could sue you, Polly. A shyster is a disreputable lawyer. I'm a quack.
** 2017 March 1, Jocelyn Samara D., Rain (webcomic), Comic 920 - Quack:"I don't want to get into specifics, but when I was born, my parts were considered... ambiguous. The quack of a doctor that delivered me, had trouble assigning a gender. So at his recommendation - and surgical intervention - I was raised as a boy."
* (figuratively, derogatory) Any similar charlatan or incompetent professional.
** c. 1635–1636 (date written), Iohn Ford [i.e., John Ford], The Fancies, Chast and Noble: […], London: […] E[lizabeth] P[urslowe] for Henry Seile, […], published 1638, →OCLC, Act III, page 32:The very quaik of faſhions, the very hee that / VVeares a Steletto on his chinne.
* (humorous slang, mildly derogatory) Any doctor.
    That quack wants me to quit smoking, eat less, and start exercising. The nerve!

##### Synonyms

* snake-oil salesman; medicaster, quacksalver, pharmacopole (archaic)

##### Hypernyms

* See Thesaurus:deceiver, doctor, and pharmacist

##### Derived terms

* quackcinated
* quackery
* quackhood
* quacky

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

quack (third-person singular simple present quacks, present participle quacking, simple past and past participle quacked)
* To practice or commit quackery (fraudulent medicine).
** 1722, Daniel Defoe, “A Journal of the Plague Year”, in et al.‎, London: E. Nutt, page 36:[…] it is incredible, and scarce to be imagin’d, how the Posts of Houses, and Corners of Streets were plaster’d over with Doctors Bills, and Papers of ignorant Fellows; quacking and tampering in Physick, and inviting the People to come to them for Remedies;
* (obsolete) To make vain and loud pretensions.
    Synonym: boast
** 1684, Samuel Butler, Hudibras‎, London, Part 3, Canto 1, p. 18:Seek out for Plants with Signatures To Quack of Universal Cures

##### Translations
#### Adjective

quack (comparative more quack or quacker, superlative most quack or quackest) (quacker and quackest are rare, and probably used humorously)
* Falsely presented as having medicinal powers.
    Don't get your hopes up; that's quack medicine!
** 1833, James Rennie, “The Word Gardening”, in Alphabet of Scientific Gardening for the Use of Beginners, London: William Orr, page 2:In precisely the same way does a quack doctor prescribe his infallible nostrum to every patient, without taking into account differences of constitution, or [...]
** 1916 August 5, Henry D. Estabrook, “Truth in Advertising [advertisement]”, in The Duluth Herald, volume XXXIV, number 102, Duluth, Minn.: The Herald Company, →OCLC, page 6:[R]ecently I examined as many newspapers and magazines as I could lay hands on just to see if I could find in them those old, alluring advertisements, ranging from the quack doctor to the quacker promoter and the quackest oracle of fate. There was nothing doing—everything as clean as a hound's tooth and as wholesome as sunshine.
** 1948, The Prospect before Us: Some Thoughts on the Future, London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., →OCLC, page 102:Finding, perhaps, that there is no solution either in politics or in any existing religion, he [the common man] may cling to the diagnosis of the last and quackest of his doctors: he may believe that art can save himself and the world.
** 1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:When no certain cure exists, quack remedies tend to proliferate and the history of quackery and secret cures is full of extraordinary forms of treatment for the various arthritic disorders.
** 1991, Journal of the Association of Food and Drug Officials, volume 55, York, Pa.: The Association, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 35:They desperately want to believe something will help and for that reason they assist one another in obtaining unproven remedies. Such "helpful" promotion is generally more "quack" than fraudulent in nature.
** 1997, Jenny Uglow, “Allegories of Healing”, in William Hogarth: A Life and a World, London: Faber and Faber, →ISBN, page 506:[William] Hogarth might have felt some sympathy for [Sally] Mapp as an 'irregular' expert besting pomposity, but this is topped by his sheer relish for her as the Quackest Quack of all, and female to boot. In Hogarth's print the dark goddess rules over her court of fools, men who have taken over the ancient realm of women's healing, and now profit from the people's ills and credulity.

##### Translations
### Further reading

* quack (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* quackery on Wikipedia.Wikipedia