# -ce
## English
### Suffix

-ce
* (after 1, 2, or 3) Times: used to form a multiplicative numeral from a cardinal numeral.
** 1809, abridgement of, 1758, Rob. Whytt, "On the Remarkable Effects of Blisters in Lessening the Quickness of the Pulse in Coughs, attended with Infarction of the Lungs and Fever" (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, volume fifty, page 569), in, Charles Hutton, George Shaw, and Richard Pearson, The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Abridged, volume eleven, page 222 :
    Her stomach being extremely delicate, he scarcely ordered any medicines for her all this time, except a cordial julep, with spir. volat. oleos. tinct. of rhubarb as a laxative, and a julep of aqu. rosar. acet. [illegible] alb. and syr. bals. of which last she took 2 table spoonfuls 2ce or 3ce a day in ¼ of a pint of lintseed tea.
** 1998 January 21, "LT" <elstazeelandnet.nl>, "Novell 32bit client for NT - have to log in 2ce???", message-ID <34C5C8D6.7927D6B@zeelandnet.nl>, comp.os.netware.connectivity, Usenet:
    Whenever a user tries to login […] , a second login box comes up and they have to log in twice, apparently once for Novell, and once for the NT domain.
** 2003 August 23, "Pinky" [Trevor A Panther] <tapan@SPAMLESSblueyonder.co.uk>, "Re: Plastic corks - UK", message-ID <Ziy1b.2042$O62.16624775@news-text.cableinet.net>, rec.crafts.winemaking, Usenet :
    What you need is a "synthetic" corks which are about 2ce or 3ce the price of cork "corks" and any good home brew shop will be able to supply.

### Anagrams

* E.C., EC, ec.

## Czech
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech -cě, from Proto-Slavic *-ьca.

#### Suffix

-ce m anim (noun-forming suffix)
* -or, -er
    ‎vládnout + ‎-ce → ‎vládce
    ‎zradit + ‎-ce → ‎zrádce

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Czech -ce, from Proto-Slavic *-ьce.

#### Alternative forms

* -ec, -ice (male and female equivalent suffix)

#### Suffix

-ce n (noun-forming suffix)
* (archaic) diminutive suffix
    ‎slovo + ‎-ce → ‎slovce
    ‎okno + ‎-ce → ‎okénce
    ‎dveře + ‎-ce → ‎dverce / dvérce
    ‎hrdlo + ‎-ce → ‎hrdélce
    ‎stádo + ‎-ce → ‎stádce
    ‎vědro + ‎-ce → ‎věderce

##### Usage notes

* The suffixes -ec, -ice and -ce aren't usually used for diminutiveness today anymore. The masculine and feminine have other meanings which are prevalent. The neuter suffix sounds archaic.

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Latin -tiō.

#### Suffix

-ce f (noun-forming suffix)
* -tion
    Latin gradātiō → gradace

### Further reading

* -ce in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

## Khumi Chin
### Alternative forms

* (Khimi Chin) -che

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /se˩/

### Suffix

-ce
* Used to form plurals of personal pronouns.
    ‎kai (“I”) + ‎-ce → ‎kaice (“we”)

#### Derived terms
### References

* K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎, Payap University

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *-ke, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“here”).

#### Alternative forms

* -c
* ce- (proclitic)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈke/, [ˈkɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe/, [ˈt͡ʃɛː]

#### Suffix

-ce (particle)
* affixed, usually to demonstratives, forming deixes
    ce- + -do → cedo
    ec- + -ce → ecce
    hi- + -c → hic
    ille + -c → illic
    tum + -c → tunc
* (Old Latin) suffixed to demonstratives hic, iste and ille for emphasis.
    ‎hic + ‎-ce → ‎hice
** 234 BCE – 149 BCE, Cato the Elder, De Agri Cultura 141.1: […] mando tibi, Mani, uti illace suovitaurilia fundum agrum terramque meam […] uti cures lustrare.I offer to you, Manius, this suovetaurilia so that you will care to purify the ground, the field and my land.

##### Derived terms
#### References

* “-ce” on page 291/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Suffix

-ce
* vocative masculine singular of -cus

## Middle English
### Suffix

-ce
* Alternative form of -yssh

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьce.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɛ
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Suffix

-ce n (masculine -ec, feminine -ca)
* forms neuter nouns
    ‎miasto + ‎-ce → ‎miejsce
    ‎śród + ‎-ce → ‎serce
    ‎Proto-Slavic *sъlnь + ‎-ce → ‎słońce

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьce.

### Suffix

-ce (Cyrillic spelling -це)
* Appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually to form a diminutive or as an expression of endearment, or to denote an object.

#### Derived terms
### See also

* -ance
* -ence

## Turkish
### Alternative forms

* -cek, -cenek

### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـجه (-ce), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *-če (orientative–prolative suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒe/

### Suffix

-ce
* like, -like, -ly; -ish; as if, as though; in the way of
    Bence bu iyi bir fikir değil...In my opinion, this isn't a good idea.(literally, “In my way (of being)”)
* Used to form adverbs from nouns and adjectives.
    ‎gizli (“secret”) + ‎-ce → ‎gizlice (“secretly”)
* -ish: Used to form glossonyms from demonyms or ethnonyms.
    ‎İngiliz (“English”) + ‎-ce → ‎İngilizce (“English language”, literally “like an English person”)
* -ian, -ese: Used to form glossonyms from the name of a country or region.
    ‎Çin (“China”) + ‎-ce → ‎Çince (“Chinese language”, literally “in the way of China”)