# 畜生
## Chinese
### Etymology

First attested in Han Feizi (circa 2nd century BC). The expletive sense was attested in the Book of Sui (7th century AD). Influenced, through Buddhism, by Sanskrit तिर्यग्योनि (tiryagyoni, “animal creation”) and Pali tiracchānayoni (“the realm of the brute creation”) during the Six Dynasties times, as this word was used as a translation of the Sanskrit and Pali terms. Compare 牲畜 (shēngchù).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chùsheng, chùshēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˋ ˙ㄕㄥ, ㄔㄨˋ ㄕㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cuk$^1$ saang$^1$ / cuk$^1$ sang$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): cuh$^6$ sen
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhuk-sâng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hiug$^5$ sang$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thek-seⁿ / thiok-sng / thek-siⁿ / thiok-seng / hiok-seng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiog$^4$ sên$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$tshoq-saon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chùsheng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˋ ˙ㄕㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chùshe̊ng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^4$-shêng$^5$
*** Yale: chù-sheng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuh.sheng
*** Palladius: чушэн (čušɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$畜牲 畜生
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chùshengr
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˋ ˙ㄕㄥㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chùshe̊ngr
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^4$-shêng$^5$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chù-shengr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuh.shengl
*** Palladius: чушэнр (čušɛnr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤ̃ɻ¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chùshēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˋ ㄕㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chùsheng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^4$-shêng$^1$
*** Yale: chù-shēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuhsheng
*** Palladius: чушэн (čušɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$畜牲 畜生
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cuk$^1$ saang$^1$ / cuk$^1$ sang$^1$
*** Yale: chūk sāang / chūk sāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsuk$^7$ saang$^1$ / tsuk$^7$ sang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cug$^1$ sang$^1$ / cug$^1$ seng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$畜牲 畜生
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: cuh$^6$ sen
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuʔ⁵ sɛn²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhuk-sâng
*** Hakka Romanization System: cug$^ˋ$ sang$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cug$^5$ sang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuk̚² saŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiug$^5$ sang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiʊk̚¹ saŋ⁴⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thek-seⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thik-senn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: teksvef
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sẽ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiok-sng
*** Tâi-lô: thiok-sng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tioksngf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thek-siⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thik-sinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: teksvy
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiok-seng
*** Tâi-lô: thiok-sing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tioksefng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiok-seng
*** Tâi-lô: hiok-sing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hioksefng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tiog$^4$ sên$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiok seⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiok̚²⁻⁴ sẽ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$tshoq-saon
*** MiniDict: tshoh$^入$ saon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$tshoq-saan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰoʔ³³ sɑ̃⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: trhjuwH sraeng|sraengH
Rime :
| Character | 畜 | 生 | 生 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 庚 (109) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | II |
| Fanqie | 丑救切 | 所庚切 | 所敬切 |
| Baxter | trhjuwH | sraeng | sraengH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰɨu$^H$/ | /ʃˠæŋ/ | /ʃˠæŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰiu$^H$/ | /ʃᵚaŋ/ | /ʃᵚaŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiəu$^H$/ | /ʃaŋ/ | /ʃaŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰuw$^H$/ | /ʂaɨjŋ/ | /ʂaɨjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰiu$^H$/ | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭəu$^H$/ | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯ə̯u$^H$/ | /ʂɐŋ/ | /ʂɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chòu | shēng | shèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cau$^3$ | sang$^1$ | sang$^3$ |

### Noun

畜生
* domestic animal; livestock; brute
* (derogatory) beast; bugger; contemptible person; brute; bastard
       Yǒuxiē rén huó de zhēn bùrú chùsheng. [Pinyin]
       Some people are so contemptible.
* (Buddhism) a beast: a generic term for animals, birds, fish and insects, as the reincarnated form of one who had bad karma in a previous life

#### Synonyms

* (domestic animal):
* 家畜 (jiāchù)
* 牲口 (shēngkǒu)
* 牲畜 (shēngchù)
* 眾牲 / 众牲 ($^1$tson-san) (Wu)
* 精牲 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 豬狗精牲 / 猪狗精牲 (Hokkien)
* 頭牲 / 头牲 (Hakka, Hokkien)
* (beast): (Hakka) 頭牲仔／头牲仔; (Hokkien, Teochew) 精牲; (Wu) 眾牲／众牲, 豬頭三／猪头三 (zhūtóusān); (Xiang) 黃噠眼／黄哒眼, 黃色畜生／黄色畜生

#### Derived terms

* 扁毛畜生
* 老畜生

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 畜生(ちくしょう) (chikushō)
* → Korean: 축생(畜生) (chuksaeng)
* → Vietnamese: súc sinh (畜生), súc sanh (畜生)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 畜 | 生 |
| ちく Grade: S | しょう Grade: 1 |
| goon ||

### Etymology

/tikusjau/ → /t͡ɕikusjoː/
From Middle Chinese 畜生 (MC trhjuwH sraeng, literally “livestock + livestock; sacrificial animal”), itself influenced by Sanskrit तिर्यञ्च् (tiryañc, “a beast; the organic world”) or Sanskrit तिर्यग्योनि (tiryagyoni, “animal creation”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちくしょー [chìkúshóꜜò] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡ɕi̥kɯ̟ɕo̞ː]

### Noun

畜(ちく)生(しょう) • (chikushō)
* (Buddhism) a beast: a generic term for animals, birds, fish and insects, as the reincarnated form of one who had bad karma in a previous life
* (derogatory, offensive) a person

#### Derived terms

* こん畜(ちく)生(しょう) (konchikushō)

### Interjection

畜(ちく)生(しょう) or 畜生(チクショー) • (chikushō)
* (vulgar) an expression of strong anger or frustration: damn, dammit, fuck, shit
** 1993 November 25 [1989 May 20], Mitsuru Adachi, “第(だい)27(にじゅうなな)話(わ)　直(なお)人(と)の想(おも)い [Chapter 27: Mortals’ Desires]”, in [スロー](SLOW)[ステップ](STEP) [Slow Step], 11th edition, volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 84:
    ちくしょう　だれも入(はい)って……お！あのガキァ　女(おんな)湯(ゆ)に入(はい)るのは10(じゅう)年(ねん)早(はえ)えよ
       Chikushō dare mo haitte……O! Ano gakya Onnayu ni hairu no wa jū-nen haē yo
       Damn it, no one’s here… Oh! You little brat! It’s ten years too early for you to come in the women’s bath alright?

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 畜 | 生 |

### Noun

畜生
* chữ Hán form of súc sinh (“animal”).