# 淨

| 淨 | U+6DE8, &#28136; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DE8 |
| ← 淧 [U+6DE7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 淩 → [U+6DE9] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 淨 |
| Shinjitai | 浄 |
| Simplified | 净 |

### Han character

淨 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水月尸木 (EBSD), four-corner 3215$_7$, composition ⿰氵爭)

#### Derived characters

* 𪸊

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 630, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17669
* Dae Jaweon: page 1033, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1655, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6DE8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 琤 | *sʰraːŋ, *sʰreːŋ |
| 崢 | *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 鬇 | *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 爭 | *ʔsreːŋ |
| 箏 | *ʔsreːŋ |
| 猙 | *ʔsreːŋ, *zeŋʔ |
| 埩 | *ʔsreːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 諍 | *ʔsreːŋs |
| 凈 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 錚 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 棦 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 竫 | *zreŋʔ |
| 睜 | *zeŋʔ |
| 淨 | *zeŋs |

### Etymology 1

Likely related to 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clean, pure”); see there for more.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìng (jing$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zing$^6$ / zeng$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): den$^5$ / diang$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhiang
    (Hailu, HRS): ciang$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qiang$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chēng / chiāⁿ / chīⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zhin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^4$
*** Yale: jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
*** Palladius: цзин (czin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^6$ / zeng$^6$
*** Yale: jihng / jehng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^6$ / dzeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^6$ / zéng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ²²/, /t͡sɛːŋ²²/
* zing6 - literary;
* zeng6 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: dzjengH
Rime :
| Character | 淨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 疾政切 |
| Baxter | dzjengH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ziæŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ziajŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-tseŋ-s/, /*m-tseŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zeŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 淨 | 淨 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jìng | jìng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzjeng$^H$ › | ‹ dzjeng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-tseŋ-s/ | /*m-tseŋ-s/ |
| English | clean (adj.) | cleanse (v.t.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 淨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17157 |
| Phonetic component | 争 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 淨 |
| Old Chinese | /*zeŋs/ |
| Notes | 見墨子，說文靜聲 |

#### Definitions

淨
* clean; unspoilt
    把衣服洗淨／把衣服洗净 ― bǎ yīfú xǐ jìng ― to wash clothes clean
* (Cantonese) pure; with nothing else
    一碗淨麵／一碗净面 [Cantonese] ― jat$^1$ wun$^2$ zing$^6$ min$^6$ [Jyutping] ― a bowl of noodles with nothing else
* to clean; to cleanse
* finished; with nothing left
* (of an amount) net
    Antonym: 毛 (máo)
    淨利／净利 ― jìnglì ― net income; net profit
* only; merely; nothing but
       Nǐ bié jìng shuō hǎotīng de. [Pinyin]
       Don't say only good things.
       nei$^1$ gaan$^1$ sau$^6$ si$^1$ pou$^{3-2}$ zing$^6$ zou$^6$ ngoi$^6$ maai$^6$, m$^4$ zou$^6$ tong$^4$ sik$^6$. [Jyutping]
       This sushi restaurant only does take-out and not dine-in.
    From: 粵音指南·上卷, 卷之一　應對須知
    hai$^6$ zou$^6$ muk$^6$ zoeng$^{6-2}$, zoi$^6$ cin$^4$ hoi$^1$ gwo$^3$ jat$^1$ gaan$^1$ sai$^3$ muk$^6$ pou$^{3-2}$, hau$^6$ loi$^4$ jik$^6$ gwaan$^1$ zo$^2$ lo$^3$, ji$^4$ gaa$^1$ zing$^6$ kaau$^3$ tung$^4$ jan$^4$ zou$^6$ gung$^1$ fu$^1$ lai$^4$ gwo$^3$ jat$^6$ zi$^2$, [Jyutping]
    He used to work as a woodworker; he had operated a small wood shop, and later closed it as well; currently he only relies on working for other people to make a living.
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 剩 (“to be left; to remain”)
* all; all the time
* (opera) painted-face role

##### Synonyms

* (only; merely): 只 (zhǐ), 單／单 (dān), (Cantonese) 淨係／净系 (zing6 hai6), 齋／斋 (zaai1)
* (painted-face role):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 淨, 淨角 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 花臉兒, 花臉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 花臉 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 淨, 花臉 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 花臉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 黑頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 花臉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 花臉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 花臉 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 花臉 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 花臉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 花臉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 花臉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 花臉, 大花臉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 淨角, 花臉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 花臉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 花臉 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 大花面 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 大花臉 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 花面 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 花臉 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 淨 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 大花面 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 唱黑哩 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 花面 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 花面, 大淨, 淨 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 大淨 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 花面, 大花面 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 大花面 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 大面 |
| Wu | Danyang | 大面 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 大花臉, 大面 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 大花臉 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 大花面 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 花臉 |

#### Compounds

* 一乾二淨 / 一干二净 (yīgān'èrjìng)
* 三淨肉 / 三净肉
* 不乾不淨 / 不干不净 (bùgānbùjìng)
* 不乾淨 / 不干净
* 不淨觀 / 不净观
* 乾乾淨淨 / 干干净净 (gāngānjìngjìng)
* 乾圓潔淨 / 干圆洁净
* 乾淨 / 干净 (gānjìng)
* 乾淨俐落 / 干净俐落 (gānjìnglìluo)
* 乾淨爽利 / 干净爽利
* 代淨 / 代净
* 僻淨 / 僻净
* 六根清淨 / 六根清净
* 副淨 / 副净
* 勻淨 / 匀净
* 外淨 / 外净
* 大淨 / 大净 (dàjìng)
* 小淨 / 小净 (xiǎojìng)
* 小淨手 / 小净手
* 心淨 / 心净
* 打淨撈乾 / 打净捞干
* 打鬼淨淨 / 打鬼净净
* 推乾淨兒 / 推干净儿
* 明淨 / 明净 (míngjìng)
* 明淨敞亮 / 明净敞亮
* 明窗淨几
* 東淨 / 东净
* 水淨鵝飛 / 水净鹅飞
* 沒乾沒淨 / 没干没净
* 沒乾淨 / 没干净
* 沙悟淨 / 沙悟净 (Shā Wùjìng)
* 洗淨 / 洗净 (xǐjìng)
* 洗淨鉛華 / 洗净铅华
* 消滅淨盡 / 消灭净尽
* 淨值 / 净值 (jìngzhí)
* 淨值法 / 净值法
* 淨價 / 净价
* 淨光 / 净光
* 淨利 / 净利 (jìnglì)
* 淨化 / 净化 (jìnghuà)
* 淨化作用 / 净化作用
* 淨化燃煤 / 净化燃煤
* 淨君 / 净君
* 淨噸位 / 净吨位
* 淨土 / 净土 (jìngtǔ)
* 淨土宗 / 净土宗 (Jìngtǔzōng)
* 淨宅 / 净宅
* 淨心 / 净心
* 淨手 / 净手
* 淨投資 / 净投资
* 淨本 / 净本
* 淨桶 / 净桶
* 淨業 / 净业
* 淨水 / 净水 (jìngshuǐ)
* 淨水器 / 净水器 (jìngshuǐqì)
* 清淨 / 清净 (qīngjìng)
* 清淨守節 / 清净守节
* 清淨無為 / 清净无为
* 淨琉璃 / 净琉璃
* 淨理 / 净理
* 淨瓶 / 净瓶
* 淨盡 / 净尽 (jìngjìn)
* 淨筵 / 净筵
* 淨素 / 净素
* 淨角 / 净角 (jìngjué)
* 淨賺 / 净赚 (jìngzhuàn)
* 淨身 / 净身 (jìngshēn)
* 淨身人 / 净身人
* 淨重 / 净重 (jìngzhòng)
* 淨院 / 净院
* 淨面 / 净面
* 淨鞭 / 净鞭
* 淨頭 / 净头
* 淨飯王 / 净饭王 (Jìngfàn Wáng)
* 淨餘 / 净余
* 淨髮 / 净发
* 源清流淨 / 源清流净
* 澄淨 / 澄净 (chéngjìng)
* 潔淨 / 洁净 (jiéjìng)
* 甜鞋淨襪 / 甜鞋净袜
* 白淨 / 白净 (báijing)
* 白淨面皮 / 白净面皮
* 白白淨淨 / 白白净净 (báibaijingjing)
* 窗明几淨 (chuāngmíngjījìng)
* 紅淨 / 红净
* 純淨 / 纯净 (chúnjìng)
* 素淨 / 素净
* 純淨新聞 / 纯净新闻
* 絲鞋淨襪 / 丝鞋净袜
* 罄淨 / 罄净
* 義淨 / 义净
* 耳根清淨 / 耳根清净
* 背淨 / 背净
* 自淨作用 / 自净作用
* 西方淨土 / 西方净土
* 風輕雲淨 / 风轻云净

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 淨 – see 埩 (“moat around the gate of the capital of ancient state of Lu”). (This character is a variant form of 埩).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^6$
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³⁵/

#### Definitions

淨 (Teochew)
* to chase
* to drive away; to chase away

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 浄 |
| Kyūjitai | 淨 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 浄)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kun: きよい (kiyoi)

## Korean
### Hanja

淨 • (jeong) (hangeul 정)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

淨: Hán Nôm readings: gianh, tạnh, tĩnh, tịnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.