# campana
## English

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### Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin campāna, q.v.

### Noun

campana (plural campanas)
* A church bell, particularly a large bell used in medieval church steeples or towers.
* A bell-shaped vase.
* (obsolete, botany) A bell-shaped flower, particularly the pasque flower.
* (obsolete, architecture) The body of a capital of the Corinthian order.
* (obsolete, architecture) A drop of a Doric architrave.

#### Derived terms

* campanology

### References

* ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., "Bell".
* ↑ Walters, Henry Beauchamp. Church Bells of England, p. 3.
* ↑ Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Music, Vol. 2, p. 452.

## Aragonese
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Noun

campana f (plural campanas)
* bell

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “campana”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
* “campana”, in Aragonario, diccionario aragonés–castellano (in Spanish)

## Asturian
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kamˈpana/ [kãmˈpa.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: cam‧pa‧na

### Noun

campana f (plural campanes)
* bell (percussive instrument)

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kəmˈpa.nə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kamˈpa.na]

### Noun

campana f (plural campanes)
* bell

#### Derived terms

* acampanar
* campanar
* campanejar

#### Related terms

* Campània

### Further reading

* “campana” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “campana”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “campana” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “campana” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Chavacano
### Etymology

From Spanish campana.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kamˈpana/, [kãmˈpa.na]
* Hyphenation: cam‧pa‧na

### Noun

campana
* bell

#### Related terms

* campanario
* campanero
* campanilla

## Italian
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kamˈpa.na/
* Rhymes: -ana
* Hyphenation: cam‧pà‧na
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

campana f (plural campane)
* bell
* hopscotch

#### Related terms

* campanaccio
* campanario
* campanaro
* campanella
* campanello
* campanatura
* campanile
* campanula
* campanone
* campanulato

#### See also

* scampanare
* scampanio

### Further reading

* campana in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
* campana in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

From Campānus, as the region was a centre for bronze production. Already in the first century CE Pliny speaks of the quality of aes campānum (“Campanian bronze”) and refers to vāsa campāna (“Campanian vessels [or utensils]”). First attested as a bare feminine noun in 510 CE. Notably, bronze is a traditional material for making both bells and steelyards.
It has also been suggested that Campania was simply the location where St Paulinus introduced bells to Christian ceremony.
The word has alternatively been linked, probably spuriously, to the Ancient Greek καπάνη (kapánē, “felt helmet”), owing to a supposed resemblance of shape, and also to Thessalian variants of the Ancient Greek ἀπήνη (apḗnē) bearing the sense of 'cross-piece, middle-beam'.

### Noun

campāna f (genitive campānae); first declension (Late Latin, Medieval Latin)
* a large bell used in late classical or medieval church towers or steeples.
* a tower for such a bell, a campanile, belfry
* a steelyard (device for weighing)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* campānella
* campānula

#### Descendants

(Inherited Romance forms nearly all have the sense of ‘bell’.)
* Dalmatian:
** campuona, campen
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: campana
** Sicilian: campana
*** → Maltese: qanpiena, qanpiela (rarer byform)
* W. Romance of N. Italy:
** Friulian: cjampane
** Venetan: canpana
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franc-Comtois: [tʃãpãn] 'stove-plate'
** Old Franco-Provençal: campanna
*** Franco-Provençal: tsampêna, champane, ⇒ tsampainot, /tsãpãna/, /θãpãna/
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: campana
** Gascon: campane
** Occitan: campana (see there for further descendants)
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: campana
** Asturian: campana
** Mirandese: campana
** Old Galician-Portuguese: campãa
*** Galician: campá
*** Portuguese: campa, campã
** Spanish: campana (see there for further descendants)
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: campana
Borrowings:
* → Albanian: këmborë, këmbonë — Gheg, kumborë — Arbëresh (”bell”)
* → Ancient Greek: κάμπανος (kámpanos), γάμπανος (gámpanos, “steelyard”)
** → Arabic: قَبَّان (qabbān), قَفَّان (qaffān), قَنْبَان (qanbān)
*** → Amharic: ቀባን (ḳäbban)
** → Old Church Slavonic: камъбанъ (kamŭbanŭ), камьбань (kamĭbanĭ), камбанъ (kambanŭ), кампанъ (kampanŭ)
** → Persian: قپان (qapân), کپان (kapân), قپون (qapun) (colloquial Teherani)
*** → Azerbaijani: qapan
*** → Turkish: kapan
** → Classical Syriac: ܩܐܦܐܢܐ (/⁠*qapānā⁠/)
* → Basque: kanpana (“bell”) (or from Spanish?)
* → Byzantine Greek: καμπάνα (kampána, “bell”) (or from Venetan?)
** Greek: καμπάνα (kampána)
*** → Aromanian: cãmbanã
*** → Bulgarian: камбана (kambana)
*** → Macedonian: камбана (kambana)
* → Old Church Slavonic: кѫпона (kǫpona, “steelyard”)
** ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: кѫпонити (kǫponiti, verb)
** → Bulgarian: къпони m pl (kǎponi)
** → Old East Slavic: купона (kupona)
** → Romanian: cumpănă
*** → Hungarian: kompona

### References

* “campana”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "campana", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* campana in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “campana”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* campana in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
* “campana”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “campana”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 151
* ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., "Bell".
* ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "campana, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1888.
* ↑ Walters, Henry Beauchamp. Church Bells of England, p. 3.

## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* campano (alt. spelling)

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kamˈpano/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

campana f (plural campanas)
* bell
* straw foxglove (Digitalis lutea L.)

#### Synonyms

* [2]: èrba a dedal, èrba de cocut

#### Related terms

* campanada
* campanaire
* campanal

#### Descendants

* → French: campane (“cowbell”)
** → English: campane

### References

* ↑ Gui Benoèt (2008) Las plantas, Toulouse: IEO Edicions, →ISBN, p. 99.

### Further reading

* Arve Cassignac, Dictionnaire français-occitan, occitan-français, 2015

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kamˈpana/ [kãmˈpa.na]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: cam‧pa‧na

### Noun

campana f (plural campanas)
* bell
* a bell-shaped (or roughly) object or component (such as the canopy of a parachute)
* hood (device to suck away smokes and fumes)
* extractor hood
    Synonyms: campana extractora, extractora
* cloche, tableware cover, usually metalic
    Synonym: cubreplatos

#### Derived terms

* acampanar
* campana de buceo
* campana de buzo
* campana de Gauss
* campanada
* campanil
* campanilla
* echar las campanas al vuelo, lanzar las campanas al vuelo
* hacer campana
* hacer campanas
* pantalón de campana
* picar la campana
* reloj de campana
* vuelta de campana

#### Descendants

* Chavacano: campana
* → Cebuano: kampana
* → Papiamentu: kampana
* → Tagalog: kampana

### Further reading

* “campana”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10