# 悅

| 悅 | U+6085, &#24709; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6085 |
| ← 悄 [U+6084] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 悆 → [U+6086] |

## Translingual
### Han character

悅 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 心金口山 (PCRU), four-corner 9801$_6$, composition ⿰忄兌)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 386, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10629
* Dae Jaweon: page 718, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 4, page 2306, character 15
* Unihan data for U+6085

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 毤 | *l̥ʰoːds |
| 蛻 | *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod |
| 娧 | *l̥ʰoːds, *lod |
| 駾 | *l̥ʰoːds |
| 裞 | *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods |
| 兌 | *l'oːds |
| 綐 | *l'oːds |
| 銳 | *l'oːds, *lods |
| 帨 | *stʰods, *hljods |
| 稅 | *hljods |
| 說 | *hljods, *hljod, *lod |
| 涚 | *hljods |
| 䫄 | *rtʰoːd |
| 脫 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 侻 | *l̥ʰoːd |
| 挩 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 莌 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 梲 | *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd |
| 鮵 | *l'oːd |
| 敓 | *l'oːd |
| 痥 | *l'oːd |
| 悅 | *lod, *lod |
| 閱 | *lod |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lod, *lod): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).
Often written as 說 in pre-Qin texts.

### Etymology

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”). Cognate with 愉 (OC *lo, “happy; pleased”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to speak; to explain”), 脫 (OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd, “to take off (clothes); to escape”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuè (yue$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyut$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): iŏk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iat / ia̍t / oa̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ruag$^8$ / ruêg$^8$ / ruah$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
*** Wade–Giles: yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
*** Palladius: юэ (jue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyut$^6$
*** Yale: yuht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyt$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːt̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏk
*** Sinological IPA : /yoʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iat
*** Tâi-lô: iat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iad
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛt̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iat
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɛt̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uat̚²⁴/
* iat/ia̍t - vernacular;
* oa̍t - literary.
* Middle Chinese: ywet
Rime :
| Character | 悅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (82) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 弋雪切 |
| Baxter | ywet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiuᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jʷiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /juæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jwiat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iuɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭuɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyut$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lot/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lod/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 悅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yuè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ywet › |
| Old Chinese | /*lot/ |
| English | pleased |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 悅 | 悅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2573 | 2575 |
| Phonetic component | 兑 | 兑 |
| Rime group | 月 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 悅 | 悅 |
| Old Chinese | /*lod/ | /*lod/ |

### Definitions

悅
* pleased; contented; gratified
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Qín bó yuè, yǔ Zhèng rén méng. [Pinyin]
    The earl of Qin was pleased, and made a covenant with the people of Zheng.
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Qǔ zhī ér Yàn mín yuè, zé qǔ zhī. [Pinyin]
    If the people of Yan will be pleased with your taking possession of it, then do so.
* to be pleasing to
    悅目／悦目 ― yuèmù ― pleasing to the eye
    悅耳／悦耳 ― yuè'ěr ― pleasant-sounding
* to like; to love
    From: Guoyu, circa 4th century BCE
    Píng Gōng yuè xīn shēng. [Pinyin]
    Duke Ping of Jin loved the new music.
    From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
    Shì wèi zhī jǐ zhě sǐ, nǚ wèi yuè jǐ zhě róng. [Pinyin]
    A man will die for someone who understands him, while a woman will adorn herself for a man that loves her.

### Compounds

* 不悅 / 不悦 (bùyuè)
* 兩情相悅 / 两情相悦 (liǎngqíngxiāngyuè)
* 取悅 / 取悦 (qǔyuè)
* 和容悅色 / 和容悦色
* 和悅 / 和悦 (héyuè)
* 和顏悅色 / 和颜悦色 (héyányuèsè)
* 喜悅 / 喜悦 (xǐyuè)
* 大悅 / 大悦
* 夷悅 / 夷悦 (yíyuè)
* 娛悅 / 娱悦 (yúyuè)
* 容悅 / 容悦
* 弔者大悅 / 吊者大悦
* 心怡神悅 / 心怡神悦
* 心悅誠服 / 心悦诚服 (xīnyuèchéngfú)
* 忻悅 / 忻悦 (xīnyuè)
* 忭悅 / 忭悦
* 怏怏不悅 / 怏怏不悦
* 怡悅 / 怡悦 (yíyuè)
* 怡情悅性 / 怡情悦性
* 怫然不悅 / 怫然不悦
* 怡然自悅 / 怡然自悦
* 怡顏悅色 / 怡颜悦色
* 悅人 / 悦人
* 悅心 / 悦心
* 悅心娛目 / 悦心娱目
* 悅懌 / 悦怿 (yuèyì)
* 悅服 / 悦服 (yuèfú)
* 悅樂 / 悦乐 (yuèlè)
* 悅澤 / 悦泽
* 悅目 / 悦目 (yuèmù)
* 悅目娛心 / 悦目娱心
* 悅耳 / 悦耳 (yuè'ěr)
* 悅色 / 悦色
* 悅豫 / 悦豫
* 悅近來遠 / 悦近来远
* 愉悅 / 愉悦 (yúyuè)
* 抃悅 / 抃悦
* 欣悅 / 欣悦 (xīnyuè)
* 歡悅 / 欢悦 (huānyuè)
* 清耳悅心 / 清耳悦心
* 爽心悅目 / 爽心悦目
* 神人共悅 / 神人共悦
* 禪悅 / 禅悦
* 賞心悅目 / 赏心悦目 (shǎngxīnyuèmù)
* 近悅遠來 / 近悦远来

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 悦 |
| Kyūjitai | 悅 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 悦)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): えつ (etsu)
* Kun: よろこぶ (yorokobu)

### Usage notes

This character lacks JIS support and is not used in Japan. 悦 (U+60A6) is used instead.

## Korean
### Hanja

悅 (eum 열 (yeol))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

悅: Hán Nôm readings: duyệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.