# win
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wɪn/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪn
* Homophones: wynn, Nguyen, winne; when (with both the wine–whine merger and pin–pen merger)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English winnen, from Old English winnan (“to labour, swink, toil,”) (compare Old English ġewinnan (“conquer, obtain, gain; endure, bear, suffer; be ill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną (“to swink, labour, win, gain, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”).
Cognate with Low German winnen, Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, Danish vinde, Norwegian Bokmål vinne, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish vinna.

#### Verb

win (third-person singular simple present wins, present participle winning, simple past won or (obsolete) wan, past participle won)
* (obsolete, transitive) To conquer, defeat.
** 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book IV:For and we doo bataille we two wyl fyghte with one knyȝt at ones and therfore yf ye wille fyghte ſoo we wille be redy at what houre ye wille aſſigne And yf ye wynne vs in bataille the lady ſhal haue her landes ageyne ye ſay wel ſayd ſir Vwayne therfor make yow redy ſo that ye be here to morne in the defence of the ladyes ryght
** 1998, Rhapsody, Emerald Sword:For the glory, the power to win the Black Lord, I will search for the Emerald Sword.
* (transitive, intransitive) To reach some destination or object, despite difficulty or toil (now usually intransitive, with preposition or locative adverb).
** c. 17th century, unknown author, The Baron of Brackley (traditional folk song)
    I well may gang out, love, but I'll never win home.
** 1922, Everard Wyrall, The History of the Second Division 1914-1918:As this position was vulnerable, a trench was immediately begun from the junction of the Green Line with Lager Alley, back to the old British front line, in order to form a defensive flank for the protection of the troops of the 5th Infantry Brigade who had won through to their objective.
** 1953, John Craig, The Mint: A History of the London Mint from A.D. 287 to 1948:Parson Brooke was transferred in a couple of years to the Southwark mint, on dissolution of which he won back to the Tower, there to experiment with machinery in Mary's reign.
** 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 23:That euen in the Porch he him did win, And cleft his head aſunder to his chin
** 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “(please specify the introduction or canto number, or chapter name)”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC:And when the stony path began, By which the naked peak they won, Up flew the snowy ptarmigan.
** 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:“Has he nae friends?” said she, in a tearful voice. “That has he so!” cried Alan, “if we could but win to them!—friends and rich friends, beds to lie in, food to eat, doctors to see to him—and here he must tramp in the dubs and sleep in the heather like a beggarman.”
* (transitive) To triumph or achieve victory in (a game, a war, etc.).
* (transitive) To gain (a prize) by succeeding in competition or contest.
    to win the jackpot in a lottery;  to win a bottle of wine in a raffle
* (transitive) To obtain (someone) by wooing; to make an ally or friend of (frequently with over).
** a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:Thy virtue won me; with virtue preserve me.
** 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:She is a woman; therefore to be won.
** 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 14:Mr. Weston seems an excellent creature—quite a first-rate favourite with me already, I assure you. And she appears so truly good—there is something so motherly and kind-hearted about her, that it wins upon one directly.
* (intransitive) To achieve victory.
    Who would win in a fight between an octopus and a dolphin?
* (intransitive) To have power, coercion or control.
    Ever since the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing, Bostonians now run as "One Boston." The terrorists did not win.
* (transitive) To obtain (something desired).
    The company hopes to win an order from the government worth over 5 million dollars.
* (transitive) To cause a victory for someone.
    The success of the economic policies should win Mr. Smith the next elections.
    The policy success should win the elections for Mr. Smith.
* (transitive, mining) To extract (ore, coal, etc.).
* (transitive, informal) To defeat or surpass someone or something.

##### Conjugation

$^†$ Archaic or obsolete.

##### Derived terms

* bewin
* faint heart never won fair lady
* hard-won
* money won is twice as sweet as money earned
* must-win
* nearly never won the race
* not win for losing
* overwin
* pay to win
* play to win
* the terrorists will have won
* what wins on Sunday sells on Monday
* win around
* win back
* win big
* win by a nose
* win friends
* winner
* winning
* winnings
* win one for the Gipper
* win one's spurs
* win or lose
* win out
* win over
* win round
* win someone's heart
* win the day
* win the internet
* win through
* win up
* you can't win them all
* you have to be in it to win it
* you've got to be in it to win it

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Etymology 2

From Middle English winn, winne, from Old English winn (“toil, labor, trouble, hardship; profit, gain; conflict, strife, war”), from Proto-Germanic *winną (“labour, struggle, fight”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Cognate with German Gewinn (“profit, gain”), Dutch gewin (“profit, gain”).

#### Noun

win (plural wins)
* An individual victory.
    Antonym: loss
    Our first win of the season put us in high spirits.
** 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers”, in BBC Sport‎:Giovani dos Santos smashed home a third five minutes later to wrap up the win.
* (slang) A feat carried out successfully; a victorious achievement.
    Antonym: fail
* (obsolete) Gain; profit; income.
* (obsolete) Wealth; goods owned.

##### Derived terms

* for the win
* no-win
* win-win
* you win

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From Middle English wynne, winne, wunne, from Old English wynn (“joy, rapture, pleasure, delight, gladness”), from Proto-West Germanic *wunnju, from Proto-Germanic *wunjō (“joy, delight, pleasure, lust”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, wish, desire, love”).
Cognate with German Wonne (“bliss, joy, delight”), archaic Dutch wonne (“joy”), Danish ynde (“grace”), Icelandic yndi (“delight”).

#### Noun

win
* (Scotland) Pleasure; joy; delight.
* Alternative form of wynn

##### Derived terms

* worldly win

### Etymology 4

From wind.

#### Verb

win
* (transitive, Scotland) To dry by exposure to the wind.

### References

* ↑ Rossiter W[orthington] Raymond (1881) “Win”, in A Glossary of Mining and Metallurgical Terms. […], Easton, Pa.: [American] Institute [of Mining Engineers], […], →OCLC.

## Chuukese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English win.

### Noun

win
* win
* victory
* prize

### Verb

win
* to win

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪn
* IPA: /ʋɪn/

### Verb

win
* inflection of winnen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Kis
### Noun

win
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
* Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

win (uncountable)
* Alternative form of wynne (“happiness”)

### Etymology 2

From Old English winn, from Proto-West Germanic *winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winną, *winnaną; akin to winnen. Reinforced by earlier iwin, from Old English ġewinn.

#### Alternative forms

* winn, winne, wynne, wunne

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /win/

#### Noun

win (uncountable)
* benefit, gain, profit
* (Late Middle English) wealth, riches
* (Early Middle English) discord, conflict, turmoil
* (Early Middle English, rare) exertion, work

##### Descendants

* English: win

##### References

* “win, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 3 April 2020.

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

win
* Alternative form of winnen (“to win”)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

win
* Alternative form of vine (“grapevine”)

## Mokilese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwin/

### Noun

win
* hair
* an animal's feathers or scales

#### Derived terms

* winan

## North Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [vɪn]

### Etymology 1

From Old Frisian wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

#### Noun

win m
* (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) wine

##### Alternative forms

* Wiin (Sylt)

### Etymology 2

From Old Frisian wind, from Proto-Germanic *windaz.

#### Noun

win m
* (Mooring) wind

##### Alternative forms

* winj (Föhr-Amrum), Winj (Sylt)

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

### Noun

wīn m
* wine

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: wijn
** Dutch: wijn
*** Afrikaans: wyn
*** Berbice Creole Dutch: win
*** Negerhollands: wien, win
*** → Saramaccan: wín
*** →? Sranan Tongo: win
**** → Lokono: wing
**** → Caribbean Javanese: win
** Limburgish: wien

#### Further reading

* “wīn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *wīn from Latin vīnum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wiːn/

### Noun

wīn n
* wine
** c. 810, charter of Christ Church Canterbury, Cotton Augustus II, 79, f1r:
    ...selle mon... mittan fulne huniges oðða tuegen uuines...(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* æppelwīn
* wīntrēow

#### Descendants

* Middle English: wyn, win, wine, wyne, wijn, vine, vyn, vyne, wyen, weyn, wynne
** English: wine (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: wyne

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvin/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -in
* Syllabification: win

### Noun

win f
* genitive plural of wina

### Noun

win n
* genitive plural of wino

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English wind.

### Noun

win
* wind
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:7:Bihain God, Bikpela i kisim graun na em i wokim man long en. Na em i winim win bilong laip i go insait long nus bilong man, na man i kisim laip.→New International Version translation

#### Related terms

* winim

## Torres Strait Creole
### Etymology

From English wind.

### Noun

win
* wind

#### Derived terms

* big win

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wiːn/

### Noun

win
* Soft mutation of gwin.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /win̪/

### Noun

win
* day
* sun

### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wĩ̀/

#### Verb

wìn
* to aim at a target with a projectile

##### Derived terms

* ìwìn

### Etymology 2

Replaced by yá

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wĩ́/

#### Verb

wín
* to borrow
    Synonym: yá
* (transitive) to lend, loan
    Synonym: yá

##### Derived terms

* ìwín
* wínwó

### Etymology 3

Compare with Olukumi wẹ́n and possibly Igala mẹ́, also used by SEY speakers, it has largely been replaced by sún mọ́ in standard Yoruba

#### Alternative forms

* hín
* ị́n (Ekiti)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wĩ́/

#### Verb

wín
* (dated) to be near or close to something
    Synonym: sún mọ́

##### Derived terms

* ìwín

##### Related terms

* ìhín, ìyín