# 某

| 某 | U+67D0, &#26576; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67D0 |
| ← 柏 [U+67CF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 柑 → [U+67D1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

某 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一木 (TMD), four-corner 4490$_4$, composition ⿱甘木)

#### Derived characters

* 𠋦, 㖼, 媒, 楳, 湈, 煤, 腜, 𦨂, 𱼵, 𦳑, 䗋, 謀(谋), 𪉴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 519, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14618
* Dae Jaweon: page 906, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1177, character 4
* Unihan data for U+67D0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 某 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 某 | *mɯʔ |
| 謀 | *mɯ |
| 媒 | *mɯː |
| 煤 | *mɯː |
| 腜 | *mɯː |
| 禖 | *mɯː |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 木 (“tree”) + 甘 (“sweet”); original form of 梅 (OC *mɯː) – Chinese plum. Similar to 果 and 栗. Similar but unrelated to 柑.

### Etymology 1

Possibly Austroasiatic; compare Mon မူ (“what; anything”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): mǒu (mou$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄡˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mong$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mau$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): meu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mêu
    (Hailu, HRS): meu$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): mêu$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): mu$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): mě
* Eastern Min (BUC): mū
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bou$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mou$^2$ / mong$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$meu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mou$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǒu
*** Wade–Giles: mou$^3$
*** Yale: mǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moou
*** Palladius: моу (mou)
*** Sinological IPA : /moʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: mong$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mung
*** Sinological IPA : /moŋ⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mau$^5$
*** Yale: máuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mau$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: meo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐu̯¹³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: meu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɛu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mêu
*** Hakka Romanization System: meu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: meu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /meu̯²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: meu$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /meu⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: mêu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /meu⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: mu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /mu¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mě
*** Sinological IPA : /me²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mū
*** Sinological IPA : /mu³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bou$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bô
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔu⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔu³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘
*** Tâi-lô: bóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bor
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /bɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /bɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mou$^2$ / mong$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: móu / móng
*** Sinological IPA : /mou⁵²/, /moŋ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$meu
*** MiniDict: meu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$meu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mɤ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: mou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /məu̯⁴¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit某 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mou²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /mu²¹³/ /mau²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /mou¹³/ /mu¹³/ 舊 |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /mu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /mu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /mu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /mu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /mv̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /mu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /mu⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /mu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /məu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /moŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /moŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /məu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /məi²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /mʊ²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /mu¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /mu⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /mu⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /mɤ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /mɤ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /mu⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /mu³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /mɔ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /mo³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /məu⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /məɯ⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɛu²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /meu⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /meu²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mɐu²³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /mɐu²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /mɐu¹³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /bɔ⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /mu³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /me²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /mõu⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /mɔu²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: muwX
Rime :
| Character | 某 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫厚切 |
| Baxter | muwX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /məu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /məu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /məu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /məw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /mu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /məu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mau$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*məʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 某 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ muw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*məʔ/ |
| English | so and so; a certain |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 某 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9275 |
| Phonetic component | 某 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 母 |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯʔ/ |

#### Definitions

某
* unspecified or not explicitly named (amount, person, or thing); some; a certain; so-and-so
    某年某月某日 ― mǒu nián mǒu yuè mǒu rì ― on day x, month y of year z
* (humble, by itself) I
    From: c. 831, Du Mu, 《〈李賀集〉序》, translation based on the work by John Frodsham, 1970.
    Dàhé wǔnián shíyuè zhōng, bànyè shí, shèwài yǒu jí hū chuán jiānshū zhě. Mǒu yuē: “Bì yǒuyì.” Jí qǔ huǒ lái. [Pinyin]
    In the tenth month of the fifth year of the T‘ai-ho era [i.e. 831 CE] there came a sudden shout outside my house at midnight from someone bearing me a letter. ‘This must be something out of the ordinary’, I exclaimed, as I hurriedly took a torch and went outside.
    From: 1070, Wang Anshi（王安石）, Reply to Sima Guang（答司馬諫議書）, translation based on the work by John Jamieson, 1994.
    Rú Jūnshí zé wǒ zàiwèi jiǔ, wèinéng zhù shàng dà yǒuwéi, yǐ gàozé sīmín, zé mǒu zhī zuì yǐ. Rú yuē jīnrì dāng yīqiè bù shìshì, shǒu qián suǒwéi éryǐ, zé fēi mǒu zhī suǒ gǎn zhī. [Pinyin]
    If you charge me for having served in my position for so long without assisting His Imperial Majesty toward greater accomplishments to benefit our people, then I plead guilty. If you are saying that in this present climate I should do nothing, nothing but adhere to past practices, then that is something I cannot accept.
    From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14th century CE
    Kǒngmíng yuē: “Jiāngjūn jì yào wèi xiānfēng, xū dé yīrén tóngqù.” Yán wèi jìn, yīrén yìng yuē: “Mǒu suī bùcái, yuàn zhù lǎo jiāngjūn xiānyǐn yījūn qiánqù pòdí.” Kǒngmíng shì zhī, nǎi Dèng Zhī yě. [Pinyin]
    Kongming said: "General (Zhao Yun), as ye want to act as vanguard, ye must have someone to go besides you." Before he finished talking, someone responded: "Talentless as I am, still I'm willing to help the elderly general lead an army forwards to smash the enemies." Kongming saw that it was Deng Zhi.
* Used in place of a person's given name, for anonymity purposes.
    張某／张某 ― Zhāng mǒu ― a person with the surname of Zhang
* Used in place of someone else's given name, to show dissatisfaction.
    From: Mozi, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version
    Fū wéi dìzǐ hòushēng, qí shī, bì xiū qí yán, fǎ qí xíng, lì bùzú, zhì fú jí ér hòu yǐ. Jīn Kǒng mǒu zhī xíng rúcǐ, rúshì zé kěyǐ yí yǐ. [Pinyin]
    Of course the disciples and pupils, following a teacher, will advocate his doctrines and imitate his conduct. Only, they are not as powerful and not as clever. Now, since such was the conduct of Kong Such-and-Such (Confucius), the Ruist (Confucian) scholars are naturally to be objects of suspicion.
* Used in place of one's own given name, to refer to oneself with an intensified emotion.
** Late 18th – 19th century, chapter 144, in 施公案:
       Xiánchén fù nèi shuō: “Hǎo yī qǐ duòzhǎ de qiútú, běn yuàn jīnrì dào bèi zhè qǐ gǒu nú wēihè qǐlái le. Zhèng shì: lóng lí cānghǎi zāo xiā xì, hǔ luò píngyáng bèi quǎn qī. Wǒ Shī mǒu jiù pīn le yī sǐ, wàn bù kě shuō chū zhēn xìngmíng lái.” [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Compounds

* 某乙
* 某些 (mǒuxiē)
* 某人 (mǒurén)
* 某個 / 某个 (mǒugè)
* 某們 / 某们
* 某士
* 某子
* 某家
* 某屏
* 某日
* 某某 (mǒumǒu)
* 某甫
* 某甲 (mǒujiǎ)
* 某矣
* 某等 (mǒuděng)
* 某者
* 某舍
* 某門 / 某门
* 誰某 / 谁某

### Etymology 2

* bó͘ (Southern Min)
Tu (2018) suggests it is from 姥 (MC muX), which was ultimately derived from 母 (OC *mɯʔ, “mother”). The usage of 姥 (“old woman”) to refer to "wife" parallels that of 翁 (“old man”) to refer to "husband" in Min Nan.
Cognate with Teochew 𡚸 (bhou2), Eastern Min 𡚸 (muō).

#### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bou$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bó͘
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bou$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bô
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔu⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔu³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘
*** Tâi-lô: bóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bor
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /bɔu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Singapore): /bɔ⁴²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /bɔ⁵³/

#### Definitions

某
* (Hokkien, Puxian Min) wife

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 妻, 妻兒, 內人, 內子, 夫人, 娘子 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 妻子, 夫人, 太太, 妻室, 妻房, 拙荊 humble |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 女人, 媳婦兒, 老婆子, 屋兒裡的, 屋兒裡人, 家項兒 dated |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 太太, 老婆, 牽手 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 老婆, 媳婦兒, 屋裡的, 屋裡人兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 老婆, 家裡的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 老婆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 老婆, 太太 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 老婆, 屋裡的, 家裡的, 娘們兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 老婆, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 老婆, 女人 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 老婆, 辦飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 老婆, 媳婦, 女的, 家裡, 家裡的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡兒的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 老婆子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 媳子, 老婆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 女人, 媳婦兒, 屋裡的, 家裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 女人, 媳婦兒, 老婆, 婆娘, 屋裡人, 屋裡家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 媳婦, 婆娘, 家裡的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 女的, 家下, 家來的, 家裡人, 媳婦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 老婆, 婆姨, 婆娘, 妻人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 老婆, 婆姨, 女人, 妻人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 婆姨, 媳婦, 女人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 老婆, 屋裡的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 女人, 媳婦, 屋裡的, 家裡的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 女人, 媳婦兒, 央格子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 女的, 女人, 老娘兒, 婆娘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 女的, 女將, 屋裡 dated, 屋裡的 dated, 屋裡人 dated, 家務 dated, 堂客 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 女的, 女人, 婆娘, 屋頭人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 婆娘, 老婆, 媳婦, 女人, 家首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 老婆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 老婆, 婆娘 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Sanjiang (Danzhou) | 老婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 女的, 女人, 老婆, 媽媽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 老婆, 媽媽, 堂客, 女眷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 女人, 女將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 堂客, 女將, 奶奶, 老婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 老婆, 奶奶們 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 屋裡人, 屋裡, 堂客 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 老婆, 女人, 煮飯婆, 堂客 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 老婆, 煮飯婆, 太太 non-face-to-face |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 老婆, 太太 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 老婆, 家下, 夫娘 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 老婆, 燒火婆 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongxing | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 老婆, 太太 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 老婆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 老婆, 女客 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 老婆, 女客 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 婆娘, 老婆 |
| Gan | Jianning | 老婆 |
| Gan | Taining | 阿娘 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 老婆, 婦人家 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 婦娘, 堂客 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 婆乸 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Pinghe (Jiufeng) | 媽娘 |
| Hakka | Changting | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 姐仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 老婆, 番婆 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 老嫗 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 老婆, 堂客 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 婦兒家 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 老婆, 婦人個 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Jingde | 屋裡 |
| Huizhou | Shitai (Xianyu) | 老婆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 老婆, 家裡的, 女人, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 老婆, 媳婦, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 女人, 老婆, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 老婆 |
| Jin | Linhe | 老婆, 女人 |
| Jin | Jining | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 女人 |
| Jin | Baotou | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 老婆 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 老婆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 老媽, 諸娘儂, 厝裡, 𡚸, 老小 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 老媽, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 老媽, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 老媽, 𡚸, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 厝內儂, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂, 柴耙, 老柴杮, 老柴㷮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 某, 厝內儂 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 某 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 某 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 厝內儂, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂, 內頭, 㾀菜籃, 煮飯婆, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 某 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 某 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 某 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 太太, 某, 牽手 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 太太, 阮厝的查某儂, 阿貼的, 後柴耙, 某 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 家後, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 某, 查某人, 柴耙, 牽手, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 某, 家後, 牽手 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 某, 家後, 查某儂, 煮飯的, 柴耙 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 某, 家內, 太的 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 某, 牽手, 查某儂, 姿娘, 夫人, 家內, 柴耙 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 某, 查某儂, 家後 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 某, 厝內, 厝內儂 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 某, 牽手, 牽手的 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 查某儂, 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 查某, 老媽 non-face-to-face |
| Southern Min | Datian | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 𡚸, 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 老, 老婆, 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 𡚸, 㜁𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 𡚸, 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 老婆, 婆 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 老婆, 妰娝 dated |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 老媽, 姆, 嬸娘 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 老媽, 姆 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 老媽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 老媽, 嬸娘, 姆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 老媽, 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 老媽, 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 老媽 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 俺娘 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 俺娘 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 阿娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 媽娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 媽娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 老婆 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 阿娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 老婆 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 老婆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 老婆, 女人 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 老婆 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 女人 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 老婆, 太太, 妻子, 夫人, 內人, 女人, 家主婆, 屋裡個, 屋裡 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 女個, 屋裡, 女客, 女人 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 女人, 家小, 家主婆, 家婆, 屋裡, 老婆 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 老婆, 女人, 家主婆, 屋裡人 |
| Wu | Danyang | 女個, 老媽, 家裡 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 老婆, 老娘, 女人, 女的, 屋裡, 屋裡廂 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 老媽 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 老婆, 老𡢿, 女人, 屋裡人 dated |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 老安, 老安人, 老人兒, 老人客, 老人, 屋裡 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 老婆, 窩裡 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 老媽 |
| Wu | Pucheng | 老婆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 堂客, 內當家, 婆婆子 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 堂客 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 堂客, 婆娘, 老婆, 屋裡個, 他㑲娘 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 堂客, 老婆 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 堂客, 老婆 non-face-to-face |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 老婆 |

#### Compounds

* 刺查某
* 前某
* 大某
* 娶某
* 嫁查某囝
* 後某 / 后某
* 拍某菜
* 某囝
* 某大姊 (mǒudàjiě)
* 查某 (cha-bó͘) (Min Nan)
* 查某人
* 查某囝
* 查某囡仔
* 查某𡢃 / 查某㛠
* 查某孫 / 查某孙
* 查某祖
* 查某間 / 查某间
* 查某雨
* 查某體 / 查某体
* 標致某 / 标致某
* 無某無猴 / 无某无猴
* 王某
* 畏某
* 疼某菜
* 翁仔某
* 翁某
* 翁某仔
* 菜店查某
* 討某 / 讨某
* 賊某 / 贼某
* 趁食查某
* 𨑨迌查某
* 開查某 / 开查某
* 飼查某 / 饲查某
* 驚某 / 惊某

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 某 – see 梅. (This character is a variant form of 梅).

### References

* “某”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “某”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 58.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* a certain person; a certain object

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 某 (MC muwX); compare Mandarin 某 (mǒu):
* Go-on: む (mu)、め (me)
* Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 梅 (MC mwoj); compare Mandarin 梅 (méi):
* Go-on: まい (mai)
* Kan-on: ばい (bai)
From native Japanese roots:
* Kun: それがし (soregashi, 某)、なにがし (nanigashi, 某)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 某
* ぼう Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 某 (MC muwX).

#### Prefix

某(ぼう) • (bō-)
* certain (denoting that the speaker is referring to a specific person or thing that they do not want to name directly, implying that the listener should infer the identity of the referent)
    某(ぼう)大学(だいがく)
       bō-daigaku
       a certain university

#### Noun

某(ぼう) • (bō)
* (literary) a certain person or thing; a so-and-so
    Synonym: なにがし (nanigashi)

#### Pronoun

某(ぼう) • (bō)
* (obsolete) I; me

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 某
* それがし Grade: S
* kun'yomi

#### Pronoun

某(それがし) • (soregashi)
* (obsolete) someone; somebody; a certain person
* (obsolete, used by samurai) I; me
** 1632, Diego Collado, Niffon no Cotõbani Yô Confesion, page 4:R. Sorẽgaxĩga cotòxi Deus no vòn jifino vie iòri Chriſtian ni nàri maràxitẽ gozàru iùie, ni, mãda confeſion vo mõsaĩdẽ gozàru. R. Ego ex Dei miſericordia hoc anno Chriſtianus factus, nunquam confeſſionem Sacramentalem feci: vnde hæc, quam modo incipio, erit prima. (Having become Christian out of the mercy of God this year, I have never made sacramental confession; whence, as I am just beginning, it will be the first.)R. Sorẽgaxĩga cotòxi Deus no vòn jifino vie iòri Chriſtian ni nàri maràxitẽ gozàru iùie, ni, mãda confeſion vo mõsaĩdẽ gozàru. R. Ego ex Dei miſericordia hoc anno Chriſtianus factus, nunquam confeſſionem Sacramentalem feci: vnde hæc, quam modo incipio, erit prima. (Having become Christian out of the mercy of God this year, I have never made sacramental confession; whence, as I am just beginning, it will be the first.)(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 某
* なにがし Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 某 – see the following entry. :
| 【なにがし】 | [pronoun] a certain person; so-and-so [pronoun] a certain place [pronoun] (humble) I; me [noun] (usually in the form なにがしか (nanigashika), pitch accent [0] or [2]) a certain amount (especially of money, implying "not much") Alternative spellings 何某, 何がし |
(This term, 某, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

某 (eumhun 아무 모 (amu mo))
* hanja form of 모 (“certain thing or person”)
某 (eumhun 매화나무 매 (maehwanamu mae))
* hanja form of 매 (“Prunus mume tree”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

某: Hán Việt readings: mỗ
某: Nôm readings: mỗ, mới, mấy, mõ, mọ, mỏ, mổ, múa, mỏi, màu, mó, mồi, với

### Noun

某
* chữ Hán form of mỗ (“such-and-such (placeholder)”).

### Pronoun

某
* chữ Hán form of mỗ (“(archaic) I”).

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 Trần (2004).