# open
## English
### Etymology

Adjective from Middle English open, from Old English open (“open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“up from under, over”).
* Scots apen (“open”)
* Saterland Frisian eepen (“open”)
* West Frisian iepen (“open”)
* Dutch open (“open”)
* Low German open, apen (“open”)
* German offen (“open”)
* Danish åben (“open”)
* Swedish öppen (“open”)
* Norwegian Bokmål åpen (“open”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk open (“open”)
* Icelandic opinn (“open”)
Compare also Latin supinus (“on one's back, supine”), Albanian hap (“to open”). Related to up.
Verb from Middle English openen, from Old English openian (“to open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanōn, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną (“to raise; lift; open”), from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”, adjective). Cognate with Saterland Frisian eepenje (“to open”), West Frisian iepenje (“to open”), Dutch openen (“to open”), German öffnen (“to open”), Danish åbne (“to open”), Swedish öppna (“to open”), Norwegian Bokmål åpne (“to open”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic opna (“to open”). Related to English up.
Noun from Middle English open (“an aperture or opening”), from the verb. In the sports sense, however, a shortening of “open competition”.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ō'pən, IPA: /ˈəʊp(ə)n/
* Audio (Received Pronunciation):(file)
* (General American) enPR: ō'pən, IPA: /ˈoʊp(ə)n/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -əʊpən

### Adjective

open (comparative more open or (phonetics) opener, superlative most open or (phonetics) openest)
* (usually not comparable) Physically unobstructed, uncovered, etc.
** Able to have something pass through or along it.
    Come in – the door's open.
    The ice has cleared and the channel is open again.
** Not covered, sealed, etc.; having an opening or aperture showing what is inside.
    The jewellery box was lying open.
    Don't just stand there with your mouth open!
    Along the street ran an open sewer.
** Not physically drawn together, folded or contracted.
    She greeted them with open arms.
    The book was open at page 23.
    an open hand; an open flower; an open (loosely woven) fabric
*** 1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:Each, with open arms, embraced her chosen knight.
*** 2005, Pamela J. Carter, Susan Lewsen, Lippincott's Textbook for Nursing Assistants, page 277:When the top sheet, blanket, and bedspread of a closed bed are turned back, or fanfolded, the closed bed becomes an open bed, or a bed ready to receive a patient or resident.
** Of a space, free of objects and obstructions.
    It was a large, open room.
    Most of the site was occupied by huts, but there was an open area in the centre.
    Soon we left the forest behind and we were out in open country.
*** 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:The open road, the dusty highway […]
** (medicine) Resulting from an incision, puncture or any other process by which the skin no longer protects an internal part of the body.
    an open fracture
** (engineering, gas and liquid flow, of valve or damper) In a position allowing fluid to flow.
** (of a sandwich, etc., usually not comparable) Composed of a single slice of bread with a topping.
    Synonyms: open-face, open-faced
    open sandwich
*** 2001, Jennie Walters, Caz’s Birthday Blues (Party Girls)‎, London: Hodder Children’s Books, →ISBN:Starry food is fun to make. You can buy bright yellow American mustard (which isn’t too strong!) in squeezy bottles and pipe stars on to hot dogs and open burgers or sandwiches.
*** 2012, Jo McAuley, “[Meat and Poultry] Turkey Burgers with Spicy Salsa”, in Hamlyn QuickCook: Low Fat, London: Hamlyn, →ISBN, page 152:When the burgers are ready, place them on the toasted rolls with the romaine lettuce leaves and top with the salsa. Serve as open burgers.
*** 2015, Michael Robotham, chapter 17, in Close Your Eyes, London: Sphere, →ISBN, page 133:Sunday morning in Wellow and we feast on open bagels with grilled ham, tomato and Swiss cheese, requested and highly praised.
** (now regional) Not of a quality to prevent communication, as by closing waterways, blocking roads, etc.; hence, not frosty or inclement; mild; used of the weather or the climate.
    an open winter
*** c. 1794, Jane Austen, Lady Susan:He desires me to tell you that the present open weather induces him to accept Mr Vernon's invitation to prolong his stay in Sussex that they may have some hunting together.
* Able to be used or interacted with in some way.
** (not comparable) Available for use or operation.
    Your bank account is now open.
    Phone lines open at 10 pm.
    This is the only option open to us.
** (not comparable) Actively conducting or prepared to conduct business.
    Banks are not open on bank holidays.
    Several new shops have opened in Market Street.
** (not comparable) Allowing entrance to visitors or the public.
    I hereby declare this fete open.
    The school has an open day on Saturday.
** (comparable) Receptive.
    I am open to new ideas.
*** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 19:38:Wherefore if Demetrius […] have a matter against any man, the law is open and there are deputies.
*** 2021 April 2, Ciara Nugent, “Can Public Transit Survive the Pandemic? London's New Transport Commissioner Wants You to Believe It Can”, in Time‎:A U.K. survey found attitudes toward public transit had been set back by two decades, with only 43% of drivers open to using their car less, even if public transport improves.
** (comparable, with 'to') Susceptible or vulnerable (to the stated means).
    open to question; open to attack; open to criticism
*** c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:The service that I truly did his life, / Hath left me open to all injuries.
** (computing, not comparable, of a file, document, etc.) In current use; connected to as a resource.
    I couldn't save my changes because another user had the same file open.
** (computing, of a program or application, especially one with a screen-based interface) Running.
    You're getting short of memory because you have too many apps open.
* Not hidden or restricted.
** Not concealed; overt.
    It is a blatant example of open criminality.
*** c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:His thefts were too open.
*** 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:That I may find him, and with secret gaze / Or open admiration him behold.
** Of a person, not concealing their feelings, opinions, etc.; candid, ingenuous.
    Nowadays people are more open about their sexuality.
*** 1731-1735, Alexander Pope, Moral Essays
    with aspect open, shall erect his head
*** c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:The Moor is of a free and open nature.
*** 1705, J[oseph] Addison, Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:The French are always open, familiar, and talkative.
*** 2001, Xiaopei He, “Chinese Queer (Tongzhi) Women Organizing in the 1990s”, in Ping-Chun Hsiung, Maria Jaschok, Cecilia Milwertz, Red Chan, editors, Chinese Women Organizing: Cadres, Feminists, Muslims, Queers‎, Berg, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 41:Due to severe and pervasive discrimination, people dared not be open about their homosexuality, and because no one would be open, social prejudice and discrimination became even stronger.
** (not comparable) Public.
    He published an open letter to the governor on a full page of The New York Times.
** (law, of correspondence) Written or sent with the intention that it may made public or referred to at any trial, rather than by way of confidential private negotiation for a settlement.
    You will observe that this is an open letter and we reserve the right to mention it to the judge should the matter come to trial.
** (not comparable) With open access, of open science, or both.
    We hope that all aspects of the project will be open rather than paywalled.
** (computing, education) Made public, usable with a free licence and without proprietary components.
*** 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
** (sports) Of a tournament or competition, allowing anyone to enter, especially or originally irrespective of professional or amateur status.
** (sports and games) Characterised by free-flowing play.
    Compared to their last match, which was a dour and defensive affair, this was a very open game.
* Not completed or finalised.
** Not settled; not decided or determined; not withdrawn from consideration.
    an open question
    to keep an offer or opportunity open
** (sometimes business) Not fulfilled or resolved; incomplete.
    I've got open orders for as many containers of red durum as you can get me.
** Not having one end joined to the other; not forming a closed loop.
    an open curve, an open circuit
** (electricity, of a switch or circuit breaker) In a position such that a circuit is not completed, preventing electricity from flowing.
** (graph theory, of a walk) Having different first and last vertices.
** (phonetics, of a syllable) Ending in a vowel; not having a coda.
* (mathematics, logic, of a formula) Having a free variable.
* (mathematics, topology, of a set) Which is part of a predefined collection of subsets of $X$, that defines a topological space on $X$.
* (music, stringed instruments) Of a note, played without pressing the string against the fingerboard.
* (music) Of a note, played without closing any finger-hole, key or valve.
* (phonetics, sometimes with comparative opener) Uttered with a relatively wide opening of the articulating organs; said of vowels.
** 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 421:"Supposing somebody sees you, with all those flowers too? Supposing somebody writes him a letter? Ooooh!" (a pure round open Tamil O.)
* (phonetics) Uttered, as a consonant, with the oral passage simply narrowed without closure.
* (computing, used before "code") Source code of a computer program that is not within the text of a macro being generated.
* (of a multi-word compound) Having component words separated by spaces, as opposed to being joined together or hyphenated; for example, time slot as opposed to timeslot or time-slot.
* (especially sports) Of a club, bat or other hitting implement, angled upwards and/or (for a right-hander) clockwise of straight.

#### Synonyms

* (not closed): accessible, unimpeded
* (ending in a vowel): free
* (with a free license and no proprietary components): free

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “accessible”): closed, shut
* (antonym(s) of “law”): without prejudice
* (antonym(s) of “ending in a vowel”): closed, checked
* (antonym(s) of “with a free license and no proprietary components”): closed-source, proprietary

#### Hyponyms

* half-open
* open-air
* open-and-shut
* open-armed
* open-arse
* open-collar
* open-door
* open-ended
* open-eyed
* open-face
* open-faced
* openhanded
* open-handed
* open-hearted
* open-hearth
* open-kneed
* open-mouthed
* open-plan
* open-work

#### Derived terms

* at church every time the doors are open
* at church every time the doors swing open
* blow wide open
* break open
* clopen
* crack open
* distinguished open set
* double open jaw
* drop open
* fail open
* get open
* half-open file
* half-open interval
* have someone's nose wide open
* home open
* in church every time the doors are open
* in open court
* keep an eye open
* keep a weather eye open
* keep one's ears open
* keep one's eyes open
* keep one's options open
* kick at an open door
* kicking at an open door
* lay open
* leave one's options open
* leave the door open
* one's door is open
* openable
* open admission
* open adoption
* open air
* open-aired
* open-air museum
* open air museum
* open and affirming
* open and notorious
* open and shut
* open and shut case
* open assembly time
* open-back
* open ball
* open banking
* open bar
* open beta
* open bite
* open boarding
* open book
* open-book
* open-book contract
* open book decomposition
* open box
* open-breasted
* open call
* open-carry
* open carry
* open-cast
* open-chain
* open circuit
* open circuit voltage
* open circulatory system
* open city
* open class
* open classroom
* open-closed principle
* open cluster
* open comedo
* open comedone
* open communion
* open compound
* open-concept
* open content
* open convention
* open core
* open cover
* open dating
* open day
* open daylight
* open defecation
* open design
* open diapason
* open differential
* open door
* open-door policy
* open door policy
* open doors
* open e
* open-ear
* open-eared
* open-earedness
* open-ended contract
* open-endedly
* open-endedness
* open ended straight draw
* open-ender
* open-end fund
* open enrollment
* open evangelical
* open evangelicalism
* open evening
* open fan
* open feedwater heater
* open-field
* open field
* open-field system
* open-field test
* open file
* open fireplace
* open floor plan
* open fracture
* open game
* Open Game
* open goal
* open ground
* open half space
* open-hand
* open-handedly
* open-handedness
* open harp
* open-heartedly
* open-heartedness
* open hearth
* open-heart surgery, open heart surgery
* open house
* open housing
* open index
* open interest
* open interval
* open invitation
* open jaw
* open-jaw ticket
* open justice
* open-kneed breeches
* open letter
* open listing
* open-loop
* open loop
* open market
* open marriage
* open matte
* open media
* open mic
* open-mid
* open mike
* open mind
* open-minded
* open-mindedly
* open-mindedness
* open morning
* open-neck
* open-necked
* open-notes
* open o
* open order
* open outcry
* open outsourcing
* Open PaaS
* open-pit mine
* open-plan kitchen
* open play
* open position
* open prison
* open problem
* open proxy
* open proxy server
* open question
* open rate
* open razor
* open reading frame
* open rectangle
* open relationship
* open road
* open-road
* open rotor
* open sandwich
* open sea
* open season
* open seating
* open secret
* open set
* open-shopper
* openside
* open-side
* open sight
* open slather
* open sores
* open-source
* open source
* open-sourceness
* open sourceror
* open space
* open sunshine
* open syllable
* open system
* open table
* open texture
* open-textured
* open time
* open-toed
* open-top bus
* open-top, open-topped
* open-topper
* open tuning
* Open University
* open valley
* open verdict
* open visit
* open wagon
* open-wash
* open wash
* open-washing
* open washing
* open water
* open-wheel
* open world
* open wound
* over open sights
* push against an open door
* read like an open book
* regular open
* Scott-open
* semi-open file
* semi-open game
* sleep with one eye open
* throw open
* vested remainder subject to open
* wide open
* with one's eyes open
* with open arms
* your barn door is open

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

open (third-person singular simple present opens, present participle opening, simple past and past participle opened)
* To make or become physically unobstructed, uncovered, etc.
** (transitive, intransitive) To make or become accessible or clear for passage by moving from a shut position.
    Turn the doorknob to open the door.
    The door opened all by itself.
*** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.
*** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:‘No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.’
** (transitive, intransitive) To make or become clear by removal of objects and obstructions, so as to allow passage, access, or visibility.
    The icebreaker opened the channel.
    The ice melted away and the channel opened.
    He opened a path through the undergrowth.
    After we left the forest, the country opened into a wide, flat plain.
*** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.
** (transitive, intransitive) To unseal or uncover, or become unsealed or uncovered.
    You can open your eyes now!
    Her eyes opened wide.
*** 1996, Stephen King, Desperation:He had kept on recording everything then, when he had been sure he was going to die, and he went on recording everything now, when he was suddenly consumed with hate for the boy in his arms and overwhelmed by a desire to put something—his motorcycle key would do nicely — into the interfering little prayboy’s throat and open him like a can of beer.
** (transitive, intransitive) To spread; to expand into a wider or looser position.
    to open a closed fist
    to open matted cotton by separating the fibres
    to open a map, book, scroll, padlock
    The flower opened in the sunlight.
    Her arms opened in welcome.
** (transitive, nursing) To make (a bed) ready for a patient by folding back the bedcovers.
*** 2013, Susan C. deWit, Patricia A. Williams, Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing, page 318:Follow agency policy, or open the bed by folding the top linens back.
** (transitive, intransitive, poker) To reveal one's hand.
    Jeff opens his hand revealing a straight flush.
** (transitive, intransitive, engineering, gas and liquid flow, of valve or damper) To move to a position allowing fluid to flow.
** (especially sports, transitive, intransitive) To angle (a club, bat or other hitting implement) upwards and/or (for a right-hander) clockwise of straight.
* (transitive, intransitive) To cause or allow a gap to form or widen.
    Mudchester Rovers opened a sizeable lead on their rivals.
    A link opened under the strain, and the chain came apart.
** (transitive, intransitive, electricity, of a switch, fuse or circuit breaker) To move to a position preventing electricity from flowing.
* To make or become available for use or interaction.
** (transitive, intransitive) To make or become operative or available.
    He opened a secret bank account in Switzerland.
    We're opening the phone lines in ten minutes.
    Phone lines will open in ten minutes.
** (transitive, intransitive) To make or become accessible to customers, clients or visitors.
    I will open the shop an hour early tomorrow.
    The summer fete was opened by the mayor.
    The shop opens at 9:00.
    The fete opened an hour late because of bad weather.
*** 1934, White Unto Harvest in China: A Survey of the Lutheran United Mission, the China Mission of the N.L.C.A., 1890-1934‎, →OCLC, page 76:Suiping was opened as a main station in 1912 when Rev. H. M. Nesse arrived to take charge of the mission work.
** (transitive, intransitive) To make or become receptive or susceptible (to something).
    Reading this book will open you to new ideas.
    This policy will open the government to criticism.
    As he grew older, he opened to new ways of doing things.
** (computing, transitive, intransitive) To connect to a resource (a file, document, etc.) for viewing or editing.
    I can't open the file because someone else is editing it.
** (Manglish, Philippines, Quebec) To turn on; to switch on.
    Please open the lights, the (electric) fan, the TV.
* To start or begin.
** (transitive or intransitive) To start (an event or activity) as the first performer or actor.
    The show was opened by a terrible Elvis impersonator.
    Our band opened, and they came on second.
    Vermont will open elk hunting season next week.
** (intransitive, with 'for') To precede another as a performer at a concert or show.
    Our band opened for Nirvana.
** (intransitive) Of an event, activity etc., to start or get underway.
    The meeting opened with a statement from the chairman.
** (transitive) To bring up, broach.
    I don't want to open that subject.
** (transitive) To enter upon, begin.
    to open a discussion
    to open fire upon an enemy
    to open trade, or correspondence
    to open a case in court, or a meeting
** (computing, transitive, intransitive) To start running (a program or application, especially one with a screen-based interface).
    Click this icon to open Microsoft Word.
** (intransitive, cricket) To begin a side's innings as one of the first two batsmen.
** (intransitive, poker) To bet before any other player has in a particular betting round in a game of poker.
    After the first two players fold, Julie opens for $5.
* (obsolete) To disclose; to reveal; to interpret; to explain.
** 1622, Francis Bacon, The History of the Reign of King Henry the Seventh:The king opened himself to some of his council, that he was sorry for the earl's death.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 20:12:Unto thee have I opened my cause.

#### Usage notes

* Due to the near-opposite meanings relating to fluid flow and electrical components, these usages are deprecated in safety-critical instructions, with the words to on or to off preferred, so instead of Open valve A; open switch B" use Turn valve A to ON; turn switch B to OFF.

#### Conjugation

$^†$ Archaic or obsolete.

#### Synonyms

* (to make accessible): unseal
* (to bring up): raise
* (to enter upon): start; see also Thesaurus:begin
* (to disclose): bare; see also Thesaurus:reveal

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to make accessible”): bare, shut

#### Hyponyms

* (to make accessible): crack (open a bit)

#### Derived terms

* a golden key can open any door
* eye-opener (noun)
* eye-opening (adjective)
* open a can of whoop ass
* open fire
* open its doors
* open one's big mouth
* open one's bowels
* open one's heart
* open one's legs
* open one's mind
* open one's mouth
* open out
* open Pandora's box
* open sesame
* open shop
* open someone's eyes
* open the attack
* open the ball
* open the batting
* open the door
* open the face
* open the floodgates
* open the kimono
* open the range
* open the schools
* open up
* open wide
* reopen
* the heavens open
* when one door closes, another opens

#### Translations

Afrikaans: oopmaak
Aklanon: buka'
Albanian: çel (sq), hap (sq)
American Sign Language: (with relevant classifier, e.g. a swinging door) FlatB@Thumb-PalmForward-FlatB@FromCenterNeckhigh-PalmForward FlatB@NearSideNeckhigh-PalmAcross-FlatB@FromCenterNeckhigh-PalmForward, (a gate) FlatB@TipFinger-FingerAcross-FlatB@FromCenterNeckhigh-FingerAcross FlatB@NearSideNeckhigh-FingerBack-FlatB@FromCenterNeckhigh-FingerAcross, (a box) FlatB@Thumb-PalmDown-A@CenterChesthigh FlatB@SideShoulderHigh-PalmAcross-A@CenterChesthigh, (a book) FlatB@Palm-PalmAcross-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmAcross FlatB@Ulnar-PalmUp-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp
Andi: архинну (arxinnu)
Arabic: فَتَحَ (ar) (fataḥa)
Egyptian Arabic: فتح (fataḥ)
Moroccan Arabic: حل (ḥall), فتح (ftaḥ)
Aragonese: ubrir (an)
Armenian: բացել (hy) (bacʻel), բանալ (hy) (banal)
Aromanian: dishcljid
Assamese: খুল (khul)
Asturian: abrir
Avar: рагьизе (rahize)
Azerbaijani: açmaq (az)
Bashkir: асыу (asıw)
Basque: ireki, zabaldu
Belarusian: адкрыва́ць impf (adkryvácʹ), адкры́ць pf (adkrýcʹ), адчыня́ць (adčynjácʹ), адчыні́ць pf (adčynícʹ)
Bengali: খোলা (bn) (khōla)
Bulgarian: отва́рям (bg) impf (otvárjam), отво́ря pf (otvórja)
Burmese: ဖွင့် (my) (hpwang.)
Catalan: obrir (ca), descloure (ca)
Cherokee: ᎠᏍᏚᎢᎠ (asduia)
Chickasaw: tiwa (intransitive), tiwwi (transitive)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 開 / 开 (hoi$^1$)
Mandarin: 開 / 开 (zh) (kāi), 打開 / 打开 (zh) (dǎkāi)
Czech: otevírat (cs) impf, otevřít (cs) pf
Dalmatian: apiar, aprer, apriar, aprier
Danish: åbne (da), lukke op
Dutch: openen (nl), opendoen (nl), openmaken (nl)
Egyptian: (wn), (wpj)
Esperanto: malfermi (eo)
Estonian: avama (et)
Ewe: ʋu
Faroese: opna, lata upp
Fataluku: loke
Finnish: avata (fi)
French: ouvrir (fr)
Friulian: vierzi, avierzi, viergi, aviergi
Gagauz: açmaa
Galician: abrir (gl)
Georgian: გაღება (gaɣeba)
German: öffnen (de), aufmachen (de)
Greek: ανοίγω (el) (anoígo)
Ancient: ἀνοίγω (anoígō), ἀνοίγνυμι (anoígnumi), οἴγω (oígō)
Greenlandic: ammarpaa
Guaraní: pe'a
Haitian Creole: ouvri, louvri
Hebrew: פָּתַח (he) (patákh)
Hindi: खोलना (hi) (kholnā)
Hungarian: nyit (hu), kinyit (hu), tár (hu), kitár (hu), tát (hu), kitát (hu)
Icelandic: opna (is)
Ido: apertar (io)
Indonesian: buka (id), membuka (id)
Ingrian: avata
Interlingua: aperir
Irish: oscail
Old Irish: as·oilgi
Italian: aprire (it), schiudere, dischiudere (it)
Japanese: 開ける (ja) (あける, akeru), 開く (ja) (ひらく, hiraku)
Javanese: mbukak
Kabuverdianu: abri, abrí
Kambera: bunggah
Kazakh: ашу (aşu)
Khmer: បើក (km) (baək)
Kituba: kangula
Korean: 열다 (ko) (yeolda), 펴다 (ko) (pyeoda) (e.g. a book)
Kumyk: ачмакъ (açmaq)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: vekirin (ku)
Kyrgyz: ач- (ac-), ачуу (ky) (acuu)
Lao: ເປີດ (pœ̄t)
Latin: aperio (la)
Latvian: atvērt (lv)
Ligurian: arvrî
Lingala: fungola, kangola
Lithuanian: atidaryti
Low German:
German Low German: apendoon, apenmaken
Macedonian: отвори (otvori)
Makasae: lo'e
Malay: buka, membuka
Maltese: fetaħ
Manchu: ᠮᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (milarabumbi)
Mansaka: bokas
Manx: foshil
Maori: are, puare, whakatu(w)hera, matata, tīwara (a container), tiora (a shellfish), uaki, huaki (a door or cupboard), kowhera (shellfish), kūwhera (refers to body parts only), hāmama (refers to the mouth), pāoraora (shellfish), whakahāmama (of the mouth)
Marathi: उघडणे (ughaḍṇe)
Mauritian Creole: ouver
Minangkabau: buko (min)
Mongolian: нээх (mn) (neex), задлах (mn) (zadlax), онгойлгох (ongojlgox)
Nanai: нихэли- (niheli-)
Neapolitan: arapì, arape
Nepali: खोल्नु (kholnu)
Ngazidja Comorian: uɓua
Norman: ouvri
Norwegian: åpne (no), lukke opp
Occitan: dobrir (oc)
Old French: ovrir
Old Javanese: wĕnga
Old Portuguese: abrir
Old Turkic: 𐰲 (ač-)
Oromo: banuu
Persian: گشودن (fa) (gošudan), باز کردن (fa) (bâz kardan)
Polish: otwierać (pl) impf, otworzyć (pl) pf
Portuguese: abrir (pt)
Quechua: kichay, kicai, kichariy
Romanian: deschide (ro)
Romansch: (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter) avrir, (Sursilvan) arver, (Sutsilvan) earver, (Sutsilvan) duvrir, (Surmiran) darveir, (Vallader) rivir, (Vallader) drivir
Russian: открыва́ть (ru) impf (otkryvátʹ), откры́ть (ru) pf (otkrýtʹ), отворя́ть (ru) impf (otvorjátʹ), отвори́ть (ru) pf (otvorítʹ) (a door only)
Sanskrit: उद्घाटयति (udghāṭayati)
Sardinian: abbèrrere, abèrriri, apèrrere
Scottish Gaelic: fosgail
Serbo-Croatian: отво̀рити, otvòriti (sh)
Shan: ၽုၺ်ႇ (shn) (phùi), ပိုတ်ႇ (shn) (pùet)
Sicilian: apriri (scn), iàpriri (scn), jàpriri (scn), gràpiri (scn)
Sinhalese: අරිනවා (arinawā)
Slovak: otvárať impf, otvoriť pf
Slovene: odpreti (sl)
Spanish: abrir (es)
Swahili: fungua (sw)
Swedish: öppna (sv)
Sylheti: ꠈꠥꠟꠣ (kúla)
Tagalog: buksan (tl)
Tajik: кушодан (tg) (kušodan), боз кардан (boz kardan), во кардан (vo kardan)
Tamil: திற (ta) (tiṟa)
Tày: ả, bí
Telugu: తెరుచు (te) (terucu)
Tetum: loke
Thai: เปิด (th) (bpə̀ət)
Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
Tocharian B: ru-
Turkish: açmak (tr)
Turkmen: açmak (tk)
Ugaritic: 𐎔𐎚𐎈 (ptḥ)
Ukrainian: відкрива́ти (uk) impf (vidkryváty), відкри́ти pf (vidkrýty), (a door, a window) відчиня́ти impf (vidčynjáty), відчини́ти pf (vidčynýty)
Urdu: کھولنا (kholnā), باز کرنا (bāz karnā), واز کرنا (vāz karnā), وا کرنا (vā karnā)
Uzbek: ochmoq (uz)
Venetan: vèrzar, verxar, averzir, avèrzer, avèrxer, vèrxer, vèrdher
Vietnamese: mở (vi)
Walloon: drovi (wa)
Welsh: agor (cy)
White Hmong: qhib
Yakut: ас (as)
Yiddish: עפֿענען (efenen)
Zazaki: akerden, wekerden
Zhuang: please add this translation if you can :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

open (plural opens)
* (in the definite) Open or unobstructed space; an exposed location.
    I can't believe you left the lawnmower out in the open when you knew it was going to rain this afternoon!
    Wary of hunters, the fleeing deer kept well out of the open, dodging instead from thicket to thicket.
* (in the definite) Public knowledge or scrutiny; full view.
    We have got to bring this company's corrupt business practices into the open.
* (electronics) A defect in an electrical circuit preventing current from flowing.
    The electrician found the open in the circuit after a few minutes of testing.
* A sports event in which anybody can compete, especially or originally irrespective of amateur or professional status.
    the Australian Open
* The act of something being opened, such as an e-mail message.
** 2016, Ian Dodson, The Art of Digital Marketing, page 144:The total number of opens from original, or unique, subscribers.

#### Derived terms

* cold open
* in the open

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Nope, nope, peno-, peon, pone

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch openen, from Middle Dutch ōpenen, from Old Dutch opanon, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʊə̯.pən/

### Verb

open (present open, present participle openende, past participle geopen)
* (transitive) to open

#### Related terms

* oop

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from English open.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈɔ.pən]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈɔ.pen]

### Noun

open m (plural open or òpens)
* (sports) open

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoː.pə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: open
* Rhymes: -oːpən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ōpen, from Old Dutch opan, from Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz.

#### Adjective

open (comparative opener, superlative openst)
* open, not closed
    Antonyms: gesloten, dicht, toe
* open for business
    Antonyms: gesloten, dicht
* open, receptive
    Antonym: gesloten

##### Derived terms

* halfopen
* open deur
* open haard
* open zenuw
* openbaar
* openbaren
* openbarsten
* openbreken
* openen
* opener
* opengaan
* openhartig
* openheid
* openhouden
* opening
* openlaten
* openlijk
* openlucht
* openstaan

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: oop
* Negerhollands: open, hopo
** → Virgin Islands Creole: hopo
* →? Aukan: obo

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

open
* inflection of openen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### Anagrams

* nope

## Finnish
### Noun

open
* genitive singular of ope

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from English open.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.pɛn/, /ɔ.pœn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

open m (plural opens)
* open; open tournament

### Further reading

* “open”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch opan, from Proto-West Germanic *opan.

### Adjective

ōpen
* open, not closed
* open, accessible
* freely accessible, public

#### Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* ōpenen

#### Descendants

* Dutch: open
** Afrikaans: oop
** Negerhollands: open, hopo
*** → Virgin Islands Creole: hopo
** →? Aukan: obo
* Limburgish: aop

### Further reading

* “open”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “open (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* opyn, ope

### Etymology

From Old English open, from Proto-West Germanic *opan.

### Adjective

open (comparative more open, superlative most open)
* open
** 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9-11.
    And smale foweles maken melodye, That slepen al the nyght with open eye- (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);And many little birds make melody That sleep through all the night with open eye (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)

#### Related terms

* open-ers
* openly

#### Descendants

* English: open (obsolete ope)
* Scots: appen, apen

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse opinn, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz. Compare Faroese opin, Icelandic opinn, Swedish öppen, Danish åben, Dutch open, Low German apen, open, German offen, West Frisian iepen, English open.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²oːpən/

### Adjective

open (neuter ope or opent, definite singular and plural opne, comparative opnare, indefinite superlative opnast, definite superlative opnaste)
* open
    Kvifor er døra open?Why is the door open?

#### Usage notes

A common, but unofficial, feminine form is opa (“ei opa dør”, compare lita and inga). Up until 2012, opi was an optional official form, but was removed along with other forms like liti and ingi.

#### Related terms

* op
* opna
* opning

### References

* “open” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz.
Originally a past participle of Proto-Germanic *ūpaną (“to lift up, open”). Related to Old English upp (“up”). Cognate with Old Frisian open, Old Saxon opan, Old High German offan, and Old Norse opinn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈo.pen/

### Adjective

open
* open
** 11th century, unknown translator, the Old English Apollonius of Tyre
    Þā ġeseah hē ānne nacodne cnapan ġeond þā strǣte rinnan. Sē wæs mid ele ġesmiered and mid sċīetan beġierded, and cleopode mid miċelre stefne and cwæþ, "Ġehīeraþ ġē ċeasterwaran, ġehīeraþ ġē ælþēodiġe, friġe and þēowe, æðele and unæðele: sē bæþstede is open!"Then he saw a naked boy running through the street. His body was smeared with oil and he was wearing a sheet around his waist, when he called out in a loud voice, "Attention citizens, attention foreigners, free and slave, noble and ignoble: the bathhouse is open!"

#### Derived terms

* openlīċ

#### Descendants

* Middle English: open, opyn, ope
** Scots: appen, apen
** English: open

## Plautdietsch
### Adjective

open
* open

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English open.

### Noun

open n (plural openuri)
* open (sports event)

#### Declension
### References

* open in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

## Slovincian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German open. Compare Kashubian ôpen and Greater Polish and Masovian Polish apem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.pɛn/
* Rhymes: -ɔpɛn
* Syllabification: o‧pen

### Adjective

open (not comparable, indeclinable, no derived adverb)
* open

### Adverb

open (not comparable)
* open

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “ǻu̯pĕn”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 8

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English open.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈopen/ [ˈo.pẽn]
* Rhymes: -open
* Syllabification: o‧pen

### Noun

open m (plural opens or open)
* (sports) open