OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kummer
## English
### Proper noun

Kummer
* A surname from German.

#### Derived terms

* Kummer ring
* Kummer's theorem
* Kummerian

### References

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Kummer”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 365.

## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkumɛr]

### Proper noun

Kummer m anim (female equivalent Kummerová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German kumber (“debris, rubble, obstruction, distress, encumbrance, confiscation”). Cognate with Luxembourgish Kommer, Dutch kommer, Old Frisian kummer.
* Probably from Old French *combre (“obstruction, barrier”), combrer (“to hinder”), from Medieval Latin combrus (“barricade”), usually said to be from either Latin cumulus (“heap”) or Gaulish *komberū << Proto-Celtic *kombereti (“to bring together”) << *kom- +‎ *bereti (“to bear”). Compare Middle French combre, Medieval Latin combrus, English cumber.
* Alternatively from Proto-West Germanic *kumbr, from Proto-Germanic *kumbraz (“burden, trouble, sorrow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʊmɐ/
* Rhymes: -ʊmɐ
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Kummer m (strong, genitive Kummers, no plural)
* grief, sorrow
    Synonym: Leid
* (colloquial) trouble
    Synonyms: Ärger, Problem

#### Related terms

* Kummerbund (related only by popular etymology)
* kümmern
* Kümmernis

#### See also

* Leiden n
* Sorge f
* Trauer f
* Traurigkeit f

### References

* ↑ Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “combrus”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 204
* ↑ “encombrer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* ↑ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “kumbra”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 310

### Further reading

* “Kummer” in Duden online
* “Kummer” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Old High German kamara, a borrowing from Latin camera. Compare German Kammer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkumɐ/

### Noun

Kummer f (plural Kummeren)
* chamber
* bedroom
# strauļos
## Latvian
### Adjective

strauļos
* (dialectal) locative masculine plural of strauļš
* (dialectal) definite accusative masculine plural of strauļš
# κώνεια
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ̌ː.neː.a/ → /ˈko.ni.a/ → /ˈko.ni.a/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kɔ̌ː.neː.a/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈko.ni.a/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈko.ni.a/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈko.ni.a/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈko.ni.a/

### Noun

κώνειᾰ • (kṓneiă)
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of κώνειον (kṓneion)
# 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wintruz m.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwin.trus/

### Noun

𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 • (wintrus) ?
* (in the singular) winter (fourth season, marked by short days and lowest temperatures)
    Holonym: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of John (Codex Argenteus) 10.22:𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍅𐌼𐌰𐌹, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃.warþ þan inniujiþa in iairusaulwmai, jah wintrus was.And it was at Jerusalem the feast of the dedication, and it was winter. (KJV).
* (in the plural) year (with numeral, used for ages and durations of time)
    Synonym: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 9.20:𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌹, 𐌵𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 ·𐌹𐌱· 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌳𐌿𐌰𐍄𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌰𐍂𐍉 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌺 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐍃;jah sai, qinō blōþarinnandei ·ib· wintruns duatgaggandei aftarō attaitōk skauta wastjōs is;And, behold, a woman, which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment: (KJV).
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 8.42:𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰𐍂 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍉 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌹𐍅𐌴 𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌴, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍉 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍄. 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌹𐍃, 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰.untē dauhtar ainōhō was imma swē wintriwē twalibē, jah sō swalt. miþþanei þan iddja is, manageins þraihun ina.For he had one only daughter, about twelve years of age, and she lay a dying. But as he went the people thronged him. (KJV).

#### Usage notes

The phrase 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰 (wintru wisa) translates Koine Greek παραχειμάσω (parakheimásō, “I will winter [with you]”) (1 Corinthians 16:6).

#### Derived terms

* 𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌱𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 (twalibwintrus, “twelve years old”)

#### See also

Seasons in Gothic ·   (layout · text) · category :
| 𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃 (asans, “summer”) | 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 (wintrus, “winter”) |

### References

* ↑ John chapter 10 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
* ↑ Matthew chapter 9 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
* ↑ Luke chapter 8 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.
* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 175
# hétfő
## Hungarian

Hungarian Wikipedia article on hétfő

### Etymology

hét (“week”) +‎ fő (“head”), literally “head of the week”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈheːtføː]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hét‧fő
* Rhymes: -føː

### Noun

hétfő (plural hétfők)
* Monday

#### Coordinate terms

* days of the week: hét (appendix): hétfő · kedd · szerda · csütörtök · péntek · szombat · vasárnap

#### Derived terms

* hétfői
* hétfőn
* hétfőnként
* húsvéthétfő

### Further reading

* hétfő in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# robustfully
## English
### Etymology

From robustful +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

robustfully (comparative more robustfully, superlative most robustfully)
* (rare) In a robust manner.
# kak-ngō͘
## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of kak-ngō͘ – see 覺悟 (“to become aware; to realise; to awaken; to enlighten; awareness; consciousness; realisation; awakening; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 覺悟).
# Phainoptila
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Proper noun

Phainoptila f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Ptilogonatidae – the black-and-yellow phainoptila.

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# δεῖγμα
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From the root δεικ- (deik-), whence also δείκνῡμῐ (deíknūmĭ, “I show”), +‎ -μᾰ (-mă, object noun suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dêːŋ.ma/ → /ˈðiɣ.ma/ → /ˈðiɣ.ma/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dêːŋ.ma/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈdiɡ.ma/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈðiɣ.ma/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈðiɣ.ma/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈðiɣ.ma/

### Noun

δεῖγμᾰ • (deîgmă) n (genitive δείγμᾰτος); third declension
* specimen, sample
* pattern
* a specific place in the harbors where merchants displayed samples of their goods for sale. The samples themselves were also called deigmata.

#### Derived terms

* δειγμᾰτῐ́ζω (deigmătĭ́zō)

#### Descendants

* → Aramaic: דוגמא
** → Hebrew: דּוּגְמָה (dugmá)
* Greek: δείγμα (deígma)
* → Medieval Latin: dīgma
** Italian: dima

### Further reading

* “δεῖγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “δεῖγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* δεῖγμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* δεῖγμα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* G1164 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. bazaar idem, page 66.evidence idem, page 285.example idem, page 287.exhibition idem, page 291.illustration idem, page 416.indication idem, page 432.instance idem, page 446.manifestation idem, page 512.pattern idem, page 599.sample idem, page 733.specimen idem, page 799.
* Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Deigma
# wiecheć
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věxъtь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvjɛ.xɛt͡ɕ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈvjɛ.xɛt͡ɕ/
** (Lasovia) IPA: /ˈvjɛ.xɛt͡ɕ/
** (Biecz) IPA: /ˈvjɛ.xɛt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛxɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wie‧cheć

### Noun

wiecheć m inan (diminutive wiechetek)
* bunch, bundle, sheaf, usually of plants
    Synonyms: kiść, wiązka
** 2020 (first published 1979), Barbara Nawrocka-Dońska, Złota czara‎, SAGA Egmont, archived from the original on 2025-03-07, page 76:Na chodniku plątały się pod nogami wiechcie słomy, które wypadły spomiędzy desek fury.Bundles of straw which had fallen from between the cart's boards got underfoot on the sidewalk.
** 2019 (first published 1984), Stanisława Fleszarowa-Muskat, Most nad rwącą rzeką‎, SAGA Egmont, archived from the original on 2025-03-07, page 155:Różowość mozaiki znikła pod grubą warstwą kurzu, z ustawionych na niej doniczek sterczały wiechcie roślin, suche wiechcie zwisały z doniczek porozwieszanych wzdłuż galeryjki, [...]The pink of the mosaic had disappeared under a thick layer of dust; bunches of plants stuck out of the flowerpots set up on it; dry bunches of twigs hung down from flowerpots hung up throughout the gallery...
** 2014 January 17, Witold M. Orłowski, “Każdy kij ma dwa końce...”, in Rzeczpospolita‎, archived from the original on 2025-03-07:[...] każda marchewka ma zielony wiecheć z jednej strony, a pożywny pomarańczowy korzeń z drugiej [...]Every carrot has a green bunch of stems on one end and an edible orange root on the other.
* (Biecz, Lasovia) straw broom
    Hypernym: miotła

#### Related terms

* wiecha

### Noun

wiecheć m animal (diminutive wiechetek)
* any beetle of the genus Alosterna

#### Declension
### Further reading

* wiecheć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wiecheć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Jan Łoś (1886) “v́exeć”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 189
* Roman Zawiliński (1880) “v́exeć”, in “Gwara brzezińska w pow. ropczyckim”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 233
* Szymon Matusiak (1880) “v́exeć”, in “Gwara lasowska w okolicy Tarnobrzega, studyjum dyjalektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 178
# expressly
## English
### Etymology

From express +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪkˈspɹɛsli/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adverb

expressly (not comparable)
* In an express or explicit manner; in a clear or specific manner.
    Synonyms: explicitly, expressis verbis; see also Thesaurus:explicitly
    We were expressly permitted to use the building. See – here is the note from the manager clearly stating that we have permission to use the building.
** 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter 21, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:"What do you think of this sentence, my dear Lizzy?" said Jane as she finished it. "Is it not clear enough? Does it not expressly declare that Caroline neither expects nor wishes me to be her sister; […] "
** 2013 November, “Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License”, in Wikisource:"No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor."
* Exclusively or specifically.
    Synonyms: solely; see also Thesaurus:solely
** 1860 January 28 – October 13, Charles Dickens, “(please specify the chapter)”, in The Uncommercial Traveller, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1861, →OCLC:No round of beef or tongue or ham is expressly cooked for me, […]
# recede
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French receder, from Latin recedere (“to withdraw; to go back”), from re- + cedere (“to go”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹɪˈsiːd/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːd

### Verb

recede (third-person singular simple present recedes, present participle receding, simple past and past participle receded)
* To move back; to retreat; to withdraw.
    Synonyms: (obsolete, rare) recur, retrocede
** 1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:Like the hollow roar / Of tides receding from th' insulted shore.
** 1725, Richard Bentley, The Folly and Unreasonableness of Atheism:All bodies moved circularly have a perpetual endeavour to recede from the center.
* To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor.
    to recede conquered territory
* To take back.
(Can we add an example for this sense?)

#### Derived terms

* receding

#### Related terms

* cede
* recedence
* recession
* recess
* recessive

#### Translations
### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “recede”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* decree

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈt͡ʃɛ.de/
* Rhymes: -ɛde
* Hyphenation: re‧cè‧de

### Verb

recede
* third-person singular present indicative of recedere

### Anagrams

* cedere

## Latin
### Verb

recēde
* second-person singular present active imperative of recēdō

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈret͡ʃede/

### Verb

reċede
* inflection of reċċan:
** first/third-person singular preterite
** first/third-person singular preterite subjunctive
# red squid
## English
### Noun

red squid (plural red squids or red squid)
* Synonym of neon flying squid (“Ommastrephes bartramii”)
# strādīgajām
## Latvian
### Adjective

strādīgajām
* definite dative/instrumental feminine plural of strādīgs
# nugger
## English
### Etymology 1

Probably from Arabic [script needed] (nuqur, naqā'ir).

#### Noun

nugger (plural nuggers)
* An Egyptian sailing boat with a square sail that is tilted at an angle to the mast.
** 1885, Henry Brackenbury, quoting Hassein Ismain, The River Column: A Narrative of the Advance of the River Column of the Nile Expeditionary Force, and Its Return Down the Rapids, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, page 228:Two other steamers accompanied us to beyond Berber, and four nuggers sailed with us, which were towed as far as Berber by the two steamers.
** 1925, Horace Smith-Dorrien, Memories of Forty-Eight Years’ Service, London: John Murray, […], pages 62–63:My orders were to endeavour to overtake the enemy, to co-operate with the gunboat Lotus in catching the large sailing nuggers, nine of which were known to be with the Arabs carrying their food supplies; […]
** 1931, Bernard M[eredith] Allen, Gordon and the Sudan, London: Macmillan and Co., Limited, […], pages 50–51:On July 15 he tested the western or steeper channel of the Bedden rapids by sending down three nuggers which were loaded so as to have rather a deeper draught than the steamer.

### Etymology 2

Modification of nugget with -er.

#### Noun

nugger (plural nuggers)
* (informal, humorous) A chicken nugget.
** 2014, Alistair McDowall, Pomona, Methuen Drama, published 2020, →ISBN:D’ywan a chicken nugger? […] Like these chicken nuggers, yeah? I fucking love ’em. I fucking love chicken nuggers. I eat ’em every night.
** 2018 March 13, Syd Robinson, “21 Dog Birthday Pawties That, Quite Honestly, Deserved Media Coverage”, in BuzzFeed‎, archived from the original on 14 March 2018:MY BIRTHDAY WISH FOR THEO IS ALL OF THE CHIMKEN NUGGERS!!!!!!!!
** 2019 May, Sophia Romanos, “Uni Food”, in Debate, number 5, Auckland University of Technology Student Association, page 13:If these nuggers and chips aren’t fine dining I don’t know what is.
** 2019 June 18, Charlotte Karp, “Love at first bite! Besotted couple peel McDonald's chicken nuggets for each other before dipping them in sauce and eating them”, in Daily Mail‎, archived from the original on 22 May 2023:'The only reason one should peel a nugger is for a doggo who gets the runny poops from not being able to tolerate the coating,' added a different user.
** 2020, Paul Richardson, Taylah’s Got Talent, →ISBN:Her mother said, “Maybe you can have ‘Muck Donnas’, or we could have fish and chips.” Krissy shook her head, “Nah. We no have fwishenchit. We have Kay Eff See nuggers?”
** 2020, Kelly Conaboy, The Particulars of Peter: Dance Lessons, DNA Tests, and Other Excuses to Hang Out with My Perfect Dog, Grand Central Publishing, →ISBN:He enjoys: a good scritch scratch, cold water, squishy balls, and—most importantly—chimkin nuggers!

#### Further reading

* “Chicken Nugger”, in Know Your Meme, website first launched 2007

### References

* ↑ “nugger, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Anagrams

* grunge
# ogniowo
## Polish
### Etymology

From ogniowy +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɡˈɲɔ.vɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvɔ
* Syllabification: og‧nio‧wo

### Adverb

ogniowo (not comparable)
* (rare) fierily, fiery (in a manner relating to combat fire, related to shooting, to armed combat)
** 1948, Ksawery Pruszyński, “Gdyby oczyma Szkotów…: Opowiadanie podchorążego Nowaka o tym, jak burmistrz miasteczka V… zamienił swój gród w warownię. [If through the eyes of the Scots…: The ensign Nowak's tale of how the mayor of the V… town turned his township into a fortress.]”, in Karabela z Meschedu: opowiadania [The Karabela from Meschede] (Klub dobrej książki; 2)‎ (fiction; hardcover), quoted in Słownik języka polskiego pod redakcją Witolda Jana Doroszewskiego, Warszawa: Czytelnik, published 1948, →OCLC, page 122, lines 1–2:— Nasze cekaemy[ckm] zza drogi będą trzymały ogniowo tamte pola…— Our MMGs from across the road will hold fierily for those fields…

### Further reading

* ogniowo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# mengaji
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed kaji +‎ meng-. Doublet of mengkaji.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /məˈŋad͡ʒi/ [məˈŋa.d͡ʒi]
* Rhymes: -ad͡ʒi
* Syllabification: me‧nga‧ji

### Verb

mengaji (active mengaji, ordinary passive dikaji)
* (intransitive, Islam) to read Quran
* (transitive, Islam) to study Quran, Arabic, or Islamic study
* (transitive, rare) to study
    Synonym: mengkaji

#### Derived terms

* mengaji adat
* mengaji alif-alif
* mengaji batang
* mengaji tasawuf

### Further reading

* “mengaji” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Jarodan
## Old Slovak
### Etymology

First attested in 1317 as Jardan, whence Slovak toponym Ardanovce.

### Proper noun

Jarodan m pers
* a male given name

### Further reading

* Krajčovič, Rudolf (2005) Živé kroniky slovenských dejín skryté v názvoch obcí a miest [Living chronicles of Slovak history hidden in the names of villages and towns], Bratislava: Slovenské literárne centrum, →ISBN, page 91
# purpose-built
## English
### Adjective

purpose-built (not comparable)
* Designed and constructed to serve a particular purpose.
    Hypernym: purpose-made
    Coordinate terms: custom-built, custom-made, custom, bespoke; built, made
** 2020 May 20, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Rail freight sector warns of slump in container traffic”, in Rail, page 10:Southampton is also the country's top port for car exports and imports, handling 900,000 vehicles a year. DB Cargo runs purpose-built wagons bringing cars by rail from Midlands factories into the port.

#### See also

* homebuilt
* homemade
* jerry-built
* scratch-built
# قاليقلا
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* قَالِيقَالَا (qālīqālā)

### Etymology

From Old Armenian Կարին քաղաք (Karin kʻałakʻ, “Karin Kaghak”), also Կարնոյ քաղաք (Karnoy kʻałakʻ, “Karnoy Kaghak”, literally “city of Կարին (Karin)”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qaː.liː.qa.laː/

### Proper noun

قَالِيقَلَا • (qālīqalā) f
* (historical) Theodosiopolis (a city in today’s Erzurum Province in Turkey; modern Erzurum)
** a. 1000, المقدسي, edited by Michael Jan de Goeje, أحسن التقاسيم في معرفة الأقاليم [ʾaḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifa al-ʾaqālīm] (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 3)‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1877, 1906, web 1/136, pages 374 m–u:وأما أرمينية فإنها كورة جليلة رسمها أرميني بن كنظر بن يافث بن نوح ومنها ترتفع الستور والزلاليُّ الرفيعة كثيرة الخصائص قصبتها دَبِيل ومن مدنها: بَدْلِيس، خِلَاط، أَرْجِيش، بَرْكَرِي، خُوَيُّ، سَلَمَاس، أُرْمِيَة، دَاخَرَّقَان، مَرَاغَة، أَهْرُ، مَرَنْد، سَِنْجَان، قالِيقَلَا، قندرية، قَلْعَة يُونِس، نورين.Concerning Armenia, it is a revered region of Armenian tradition, a son like the son of Japhet, the son of Noah, and from it hail draperies and fine rugs of lots of peculiarities the filament of which is like that of Dwin, and of its towns are: [a list of settlements follows].

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1904) Die altarmenischen Ortsnamen (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, page 288
# deconfliction
## English
### Etymology

From deconflict +‎ -ion.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /diːkənˈflɪkʃən/

### Noun

deconfliction (countable and uncountable, plural deconflictions)
* The act or process of deconflicting.
# strādīgā
## Latvian
### Adjective

strādīgā
* inflection of strādīgs:
** locative masculine/feminine singular
** definite genitive masculine singular
** definite nominative/vocative feminine singular
# himself/herself
## English
### Pronoun

himself/herself (third person, singular, plural themselves)
* reflexive of he/she
    Anyone who can do that to himself/herself is crazy.

### Alternative forms

* him/herself
* her/himself
# rodingite
## English
### Noun

rodingite (countable and uncountable, plural rodingites)
* (mineralogy) A metasomatic rock composed of grossular-andradite garnet, calcic pyroxene, vesuvianite, epidote and scapolite.
# آخلاط
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* اخلاط (ahlat)

### Etymology 1

From Greek αχλάδι (achládi).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ahˈɫat/

#### Noun

آخلاط • (ahlat)
* wild pear (Pyrus elaeagrifolia or Pyrus pyraster tree or fruit)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: ahlat
* → Armenian: ախլաթ (axlatʻ), ահլաթ (ahlatʻ)

#### References

* Eren, Hasan (1999) “آخلاط”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language]‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 6a
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ahlat”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Radloff, Friedrich Wilhelm (1893) Опыт словаря тюркских наречий – Versuch eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte [Attempt at a Lexicon of the Turkic Dialects], volume I (overall work in German and Russian), Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 136

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic أَخْلَاط (ʔaḵlāṭ).

#### Proper noun

آخلاط • (Ahlat)
* Ahlat (a town in Bitlis Province, Turkey; at Lake Van, 40 km northeast from Tatvan along the coastline)
* Ahlat (a district of Bitlis Province, Turkey)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آخلاط (Ahlat).

### Proper noun

آخلاط • (âxlât)
* Ahlat (a town in Bitlis, Turkey; at Lake Van, 40 km northeast from Tatvan along the coastline)
* Ahlat (a district of Bitlis, Turkey)
# vivificators
## English
### Noun

vivificators
* plural of vivificator
# strādīgākas
## Latvian
### Adjective

strādīgākas
* inflection of strādīgāks:
** genitive feminine singular
** nominative/accusative feminine plural
# Crinifer concolor
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Proper noun

Crinifer concolor m
* A taxonomic species within the family Musophagidae – the grey go-away-bird.

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN