# rum
## Translingual
### Symbol

rum
* (international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for Romanian.

## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹʌm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌm

### Etymology 1

In common use since by at least 1654, of uncertain origin. Theories include:
* that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),
* that it is a shortening of rumbullion or rumbustion, or
* that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
* that it derives from rummer, from Dutch roemer

#### Alternative forms

* rhum (Philippines)

#### Noun

rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)
* (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.
    The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.
** (countable) A serving of rum.
    Jake tossed down three rums.
** (countable) A kind or brand of rum.
    Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.
    Coordinate term: grog
* (obsolete, slang) A strange person or thing.
* (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
** 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Grand Question Debated of Hamilton's Bawn:No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.

##### Synonyms

* (spirit): rumbullion (obsolete)
* (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
* (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly

##### Derived terms

* bay rum
* bush rum
* Cumberland rum butter
* monkey rum
* rum baba
* rum ball
* rum bosun
* rum bud
* rum butter
* rum cake
* rum fit
* rum hole
* rum mill
* rum popo
* rum-runner
* rum tub
* sorghum rum

##### Related terms

* baba au rhum

##### Descendants

* Tok Pisin: ram
* → Asturian: ron
* → Belarusian: ром (rom)
* → Burmese: ရမ် (ram)
* → Catalan: rom
* → Chinese: 萊姆 / 莱姆 (láimǔ)
* → Dutch: rum
* → French: rhum
* → Gamilaraay: yurraamu
* → German: Rum
** → Czech: rum
** → Hungarian: rum
* → Irish: rum
* → Hindi: रम (ram)
* → Urdu: رَم (ram)
* → Italian: rhum, rum
* → Japanese: ラム (ramu)
* → Korean: 럼 (reom)
* → Maori: rama
* → Mongolian: ром (rom)
* → Norwegian Bokmål: rom
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: rom
* → Polish: rum
* → Portuguese: rum
* → Romanian: rom (via French and German)
* → Russian: ром (rom), ромъ (rom) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
** → Armenian: ռոմ (ṙom)
** → Bulgarian: ром (rom)
** → Georgian: რომი (romi)
* ⇒ Spanish: romo; → ron
* → Telugu: రమ్ము (rammu)
* → Thai: รัม (ram)
* → Ukrainian: ром (rom)
* → Zulu: ulwamu

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From the earlier form rome (“good”, slang); possibly of Romani origin; compare rom.

#### Adjective

rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)
* (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]
    having a rum time
* (UK, informal, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]
    a rum idea; a rum fellow
** 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:"Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"
** 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:[H]e stared after Pynsent stupidly, and pronounced to the landlord over the counter that he was a rum one.
** 1878, Henry James, An International Episode‎:The young men had exchanged few observations; but in crossing Union Square, in front of the monument to Washington—in the very shadow, indeed, projected by the image of the pater patriae—one of them remarked to the other, “It seems a rum-looking place.” “Ah, very odd, very odd,” said the other, who was the clever man of the two.
** 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian‎:"Can't you see him?" "Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."
** 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346:"She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.

##### Synonyms

* (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
* (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange

##### Derived terms

* rum deal
* rum go

#### Noun

rum (plural rums)
* (British, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.

##### Derived terms

* rum cull

### Etymology 3

Shortening of rummy.

#### Noun

rum
* (rare) The card game rummy.

##### Derived terms

* 500 rum
* boathouse rum

### References

* ↑ In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.
* ↑ Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.
* ↑ “rum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* ↑ “rum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
* ↑ Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN

### See also

* rum-tum (probably etymologically unrelated)

### Further reading

* rum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “rum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, sb.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.³”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 886–887.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, v.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 887, column 1.

### Anagrams

* MRU, Mru, RMU, URM

## Chuukese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

### Noun

rum
* room

## Classical Gaelic
### Pronoun

rum
* first-person singular of re

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrum]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.

#### Noun

rum m inan
* rum

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Probably from German Rummel (“bustle”).

#### Noun

rum m inan
* rubble
    Synonym: suť

##### Derived terms

* rumiště

### References

* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “rum²”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda
* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “rum¹”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

### Further reading

* “rum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “rum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “rum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /romˀ/, [ˈʁɔmˀ]
* Rhymes: -ɔm

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”), cognate with English room, German Raum, Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum).

#### Noun

rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)
* room (part of a building)
* compartment
* (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)
    De fravalgte at udforske rummet.They chose not to explore space.
    rumfarttøj (“space vehicle”), rumrejse (“space travel”)

##### Derived terms

* aftrædelsesrum
* aktivitetsrum
* arbejdsrum
* backstagerum
* baderum
* bagrum
* beboelsesrum
* bederum
* beskyttelsesrum
* bollerum
* børnerum
* computerrum
* depotrum
* ekkorum
* fitnessrum
* fixerum
* forrum
* fryserum
* fyrrum
* fællesrum
* førerrum
* gennemgangsrum
* grupperum
* gæsterum
* gårdrum
* handlerum
* hobbyrum
* hvilerum
* kedelrum
* kirkerum
* klipperum
* kommandorum
* konferencerum
* kontrolrum
* kælderrum
* kølerum
* lagerrum
* legerum
* loftrum
* loftsrum
* mandskabsrum
* maskinrum
* motionsrum
* musikrum
* møderum
* omklædningsrum
* operationsrum
* operatørrum
* opholdsrum
* panikrum
* personalerum
* portrum
* prøverum
* puderum
* pulterrum
* puslerum
* redigeringsrum
* redskabsrum
* refleksionsrum
* rygerrum
* rygerum
* scenerum
* siderum
* sikringsrum
* situationsrum
* skralderum
* sminkerum
* soverum
* stillerum
* stofindtagelsesrum
* sundhedsrum
* teaterrum
* tilflugtsrum
* toiletrum
* trapperum
* tørrerum
* uderum
* udstillingsrum
* vagtrum
* vaskerum
* venterum
* viktualierum
* bagagerum
* handskerum
* lastrum
* motorrum
* ovnrum
* stuverum
* varerum
* albuerum
* billedrum
* byrum
* chatrum
* enrum
* frirum
* gaderum
* hjerterum
* hulrum
* husrum
* livsrum
* luftrum
* manøvrerum
* mellemrum
* mulighedsrum
* pusterum
* råderum
* spillerum
* sømmerum
* sømrum
* tidsrum
* tomrum
* trummerum
* udfaldsrum
* verdensrum
* vådrum

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”), cognate with English room (archaic), German raum (archaic), Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums). Related to the noun.

#### Adjective

rum (neuter rumt, plural and definite singular attributive rumme)
* (archaic) wide, spacious
    in the modern language only in the expressions i rum sø (“in open sea”) and rum tid (“long time”)

##### Inflection

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

rum
* imperative of rumme

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rʏm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: rum
* Rhymes: -ʏm

### Noun

rum m (uncountable)
* rum (alcoholic beverage)

#### Derived terms

* rum cola
* rum rozijnen
* rumboon

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: roem, rum

### Further reading

* rum (drank) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$

## Fiji Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ruːm/

### Noun

rum
* room

### References

* Fiji Hindi Dictionary

## German
### Etymology

From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁʊm/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

rum
* (colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)

#### Usage notes

* While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.

#### Derived terms

* rumballern
* rumeiern
* rumsitzen
* rumstehen

## Gothic
### Romanization

rum
* Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrum]
* Hyphenation: rum
* Rhymes: -um

### Noun

rum (plural rumok)
* rum (a distilled spirit)

#### Derived terms

* rumos
* rumaroma
* rumesszencia

### References

* ↑ rum in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* rum in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Irish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

### Noun

rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)
* rum

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
rum
rumanna
vocative
a rum
a rumanna
genitive
rum
rumanna
dative
rum
rumanna
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an rum
na rumanna
genitive
an rum
na rumanna
dative
leis an rum don rum
leis na rumanna :

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* rhum

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrum/
* Rhymes: -um
* Hyphenation: rùm

### Noun

rum m (invariable)
* rum (distilled spirit)

#### Derived terms

* rum fantasia

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German Ruum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrum/
* Rhymes: -um
* Syllabification: rum

### Noun

rum m inan
* room, space

### Further reading

* “rum”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Middle Low German rûm, Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rum]

### Noun

rum m inan (diminutive rumk)
* room, space

#### Derived terms

* rumašk
* rumejza
* rumnosć
* rumny
* rumowaŕ
* rumowaś
* rumowy

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ruːm/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).

#### Adjective

rūm
* spacious, roomy
* long, extended (of time)
* liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

#### Noun

rūm n or m
* room, space
* a space of time, an interval
* opportunity

##### Declension
###### Neuter

Strong a-stem:

###### Masculine

Strong a-stem:

##### Derived terms

* ġerūm

##### Descendants

* Middle English: roum, roume
** English: room

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

Compare German herum.

### Adverb

rum
* around

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -um
* Syllabification: rum

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English rum.

#### Noun

rum m inan
* rum (distilled spirit)
* rum (serving)

##### Derived terms

* rumowy

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

#### Noun

rum m inan
* (archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs

##### Declension
### Further reading

* rum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rum in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁũ/ [ˈhũ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁũ/ [ˈhũ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁũ/ [ˈχũ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʁũ/
* Rhymes: -ũ
* Hyphenation: rum

### Noun

rum m (plural runs)
* rum

## Romanian
### Noun

rum n (plural rumuri)
* Alternative form of rom

## Sumerian
### Romanization

rum
* Romanization of 𒀸 (rum)

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɵm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rum n
* a room (in a building)
    Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rumI want a flat with two rooms
* space, room
    Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?Do you have room in your bag so that you could put my book in it too?
    det kröka rummetcurved space
* (mathematics) a space
    vektorrum ― vector space

#### Derived terms

* arbetsrum
* badrum
* bergrum
* dagrum
* dubbelrum
* duschrum
* enkelrum
* fikarum
* finrum
* förhörsrum
* förrum
* förrådsrum
* förvaringsrum
* hotellrum
* hörnrum
* kapprum
* klassrum
* klubbrum
* krigsrum
* kylrum
* lekrum
* matrum
* miljörum
* omklädningsrum
* panikrum
* pannrum
* pantrum
* provrum
* rumsnyckel
* rumsren
* sammanträdesrum
* skyddsrum
* skötrum
* soprum
* sovrum
* spelrum
* stora rummet
* säkerhetsrum
* tjänsterum
* torkrum
* tv-rum
* vardagsrum
* vindsrum
* väntrum
* andrum
* armbågsrum
* grottrum
* husrum
* hålrum
* livsrum
* luftrum
* mellanrum
* rumslig
* rådrum
* svängrum
* tomrum
* äga rum
* affint rum
* Banachrum
* egenrum
* euklidiskt rum
* fasrum
* funktionsrum
* Hausdorffrum
* Hilbertrum
* kompakt rum
* Minkowskirum
* sammanhängande rum
* vektorrum
* åskådliga rummet

#### Related terms

* få rum
* ge rum

#### See also

* plats

### References

* rum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* rum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* rum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* mur

## Tarifit
### Noun

rum pl (Tifinagh spelling ⵔⵓⵎ)
* Alternative spelling of řum: straw

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English room.

### Noun

rum
* room

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zum˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʐum˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ɹʊm˧˧]

### Noun

rum
* safflower