# 腐

| 腐 | U+8150, &#33104; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8150 |
| ← 腏 [U+814F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 腑 → [U+8151] |

## Translingual
### Han character

腐 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 0022$_7$, composition ⿸府肉)

#### Derived characters

* 𭬙, 𫓘, 𮌾

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 987, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
* Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2933, character 3
* Unihan data for U+8150

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鉜 | *bu |
| 跗 | *po, *bos |
| 柎 | *po |
| 腑 | *poʔ |
| 俯 | *poʔ |
| 府 | *poʔ |
| 付 | *pos |
| 咐 | *pos |
| 怤 | *pʰo |
| 泭 | *pʰo, *bo |
| 姇 | *pʰo |
| 紨 | *pʰo |
| 拊 | *pʰoʔ |
| 弣 | *pʰoʔ |
| 符 | *bo |
| 苻 | *bo |
| 坿 | *bo, *bos |
| 腐 | *boʔ |
| 附 | *bos |
| 駙 | *bos |
| 鮒 | *bos |
| 袝 | *bos |
| 蚹 | *bos |
| 胕 | *bos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *boʔ): phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

### Etymology

Related to Lepcha [script needed] (pór, “to smell offensively”) (Schuessler, 2007).
    For "yaoi":
    Semantic loan from Japanese 腐(ふ) (fu).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fǔ (fu$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fu$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fu$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fú / fû / fu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fu$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): fu$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): hǔ / hū
* Eastern Min (BUC): bô / hô
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hū / hú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hu$^1$ / hu$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$wu; $^6$vu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^3$
*** Yale: fǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fu$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^6$
*** Yale: fuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fu³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú / fû / fu
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˋ$ / fu$^ˊ$ / fu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fu$^3$ / fu$^1$ / fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu³¹/, /fu²⁴/, /fu⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³/
* Sixian:
** fû - to become powdery from decay;
** fu - in 豆腐.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit腐 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fu²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /fu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /fu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /fu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /fv̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /fu⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /fu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /fu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /fu²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fu⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xu⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /fu⁵³/ ～竹 /fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦu²³/ /vu²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /vu³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /vu¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /vøy²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /fu³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /fu³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fu⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸu⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fu²¹³/ 豆～ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fu⁵³/ 豆～ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fu³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /fu²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hu⁵³/ /hu²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /pou²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xu²¹/ /xu⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hu³³/ /hu³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /fu³¹/ ～敗 /hu²³/ 豆～ |
* Middle Chinese: bjuX
Rime :
| Character | 腐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 扶雨切 |
| Baxter | bjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)oʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*boʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 腐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bju$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b](r)oʔ/ |
| English | rotten |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 腐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3524 |
| Phonetic component | 付 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 父 |
| Old Chinese | /*boʔ/ |

### Definitions

腐
* to rot; to decay; to spoil
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Ròu fǔ chū chóng, yú kū shēng dù. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (of ideas) stale; antiquated; inflexible
* tofu; bean curd
    豆腐 ― dòufǔ ― tofu
    腐乳 ― fǔrǔ ― fermented bean curd
* (historical) castration (as a form of punishment)
* (ACG, often attributive) yaoi; boys' love; BL
    腐女 ― fǔnǚ ― fujoshi

### Compounds

* 乳腐 (rǔfǔ)
* 凍豆腐 / 冻豆腐
* 刀切豆腐
* 切齒腐心 / 切齿腐心
* 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
* 孤雛腐鼠 / 孤雏腐鼠
* 摧枯折腐
* 杏仁豆腐
* 板腐
* 槁骨腐肉
* 熏腐
* 物腐蟲生 / 物腐虫生
* 磨豆腐
* 糟豆腐
* 紅腐貫朽 / 红腐贯朽
* 老腐敗 / 老腐败
* 老豆腐 (lǎodòufu)
* 脣腐齒落 / 唇腐齿落
* 腐乳 (fǔrǔ)
* 腐人
* 腐儒 (fǔrú)
* 腐刑 (fǔxíng)
* 腐化 (fǔhuà)
* 腐化分子
* 腐史
* 腐壞 / 腐坏 (fǔhuài)
* 腐女 (fǔnǚ)
* 腐女子 (fǔnǚzǐ)
* 腐心
* 腐惡 / 腐恶
* 腐敗 / 腐败 (fǔbài)
* 腐朽 (fǔxiǔ)
* 腐植土
* 腐植質 / 腐植质
* 腐殖質 / 腐殖质 (fǔzhízhì)
* 腐氣 / 腐气
* 腐熟
* 腐爛 / 腐烂 (fǔlàn)
* 腐生 (fǔshēng)
* 腐生植物
* 腐病 (fǔbìng)
* 腐竹 (fǔzhú)
* 腐肉 (fǔròu)
* 腐腸之藥 / 腐肠之药
* 腐臭 (fǔchòu)
* 腐草
* 腐蝕 / 腐蚀 (fǔshí)
* 腐蝕劑 / 腐蚀剂 (fǔshíjì)
* 腐酒
* 腐餘 / 腐余
* 腐鼠
* 臭豆腐 (chòudòufu)
* 豆腐
* 豆腐乳 (dòufurǔ)
* 豆腐乾 / 豆腐干
* 豆腐官
* 豆腐心
* 豆腐皮 (dòufupí)
* 豆腐腦 / 豆腐脑 (dòufunǎo)
* 豆腐衣
* 豆腐西施
* 豆腐飯 / 豆腐饭 (dòufufàn)
* 豆腐鯊 / 豆腐鲨 (dòufushā)
* 貫朽粟腐 / 贯朽粟腐
* 貪汙腐化 / 贪污腐化
* 迂腐 (yūfǔ)
* 酸腐
* 醬豆腐 / 酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu)
* 防腐 (fángfǔ)
* 防腐劑 / 防腐剂 (fángfǔjì)
* 陳腐 / 陈腐 (chénfǔ)
* 魚腐 / 鱼腐 (yúfǔ)
* 鴟得腐鼠 / 鸱得腐鼠
* 麻婆豆腐 (mápó dòufu)

### Descendants

* → Isan: ฟุย
* → Lao: ຟຸຍ (fu nya)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
* to speak ill of

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぶ (bu)
* Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
* Kun: くさる (kusaru, 腐る, Jōyō)、くされる (kusareru, 腐れる, Jōyō)、くさす (kusasu, 腐す)、くさらす (kusarasu, 腐らす, Jōyō)

#### Derived terms

* 腐食(ふしょく) (fushoku)
* 腐敗(ふはい) (fuhai)
* 豆腐(とうふ) (tōfu)
* 腐男子(ふだんし) (fudanshi)
* 腐女子(ふじょし) (fujoshi)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腐 (MC bjuX).

### Hanja

腐 (eumhun 썩을 부 (sseogeul bu))
* hanja form of 부 (“rot, decay, spoil”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

腐: Hán Nôm readings: hủ, phụ
* chữ Hán form of hủ (“to spoil, to rot”).

#### Derived terms

* 古腐 (cổ hủ)
* 腐女 (hủ nữ)
* 腐敗 (hủ bại)
* 豆腐 (đậu hủ)