OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# miałom
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmja.wɔm/
* Rhymes: -awɔm
* Syllabification: mia‧łom

### Verb

miałom
* (potential or rare) first-person singular neuter past of mieć

### Noun

miałom m inan
* dative plural of miał

### Further reading

* miałom in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 標榜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biāobǎng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): biu$^1$ bong$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): piau-póng / piau-páng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāobǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaobǎng
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-pang$^3$
*** Yale: byāu-bǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaubaang
*** Palladius: бяобан (bjaoban)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: biu$^1$ bong$^2$
*** Yale: bīu bóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: biu$^1$ bong$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: biu$^1$ bong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːu̯⁵⁵ pɔːŋ³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau-póng
*** Tâi-lô: piau-póng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piau'porng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau³³ pɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piau⁴⁴⁻²² pɔŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau-páng
*** Tâi-lô: piau-páng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piau'parng
*** IPA (Longyan): /piau³³⁴ paŋ²¹/

### Verb

標榜
* to parade; to advertise; to boast
* to flaunt; to brag

### References

* 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “标榜”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 260.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 標 | 榜 |
| ひょう Grade: 4 | ぼう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

標(ひょう)榜(ぼう) • (hyōbō)
* advocacy
* standing for something

### Verb

標(ひょう)榜(ぼう)する • (hyōbō suru) suru (stem 標(ひょう)榜(ぼう)し (hyōbō shi), past 標(ひょう)榜(ぼう)した (hyōbō shita))
* advocate, act as an advocate
* stand for

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 標榜し | ひょうぼうし | hyōbō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 標榜し | ひょうぼうし | hyōbō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 標榜する | ひょうぼうする | hyōbō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 標榜する | ひょうぼうする | hyōbō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 標榜すれ | ひょうぼうすれ | hyōbō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 標榜せよ¹ 標榜しろ² | ひょうぼうせよ¹ ひょうぼうしろ² | hyōbō seyo¹ hyōbō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 標榜される | ひょうぼうされる | hyōbō sareru |
| Causative | 標榜させる 標榜さす | ひょうぼうさせる ひょうぼうさす | hyōbō saseru hyōbō sasu |
| Potential | 標榜できる | ひょうぼうできる | hyōbō dekiru |
| Volitional | 標榜しよう | ひょうぼうしよう | hyōbō shiyō |
| Negative | 標榜しない | ひょうぼうしない | hyōbō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 標榜せず | ひょうぼうせず | hyōbō sezu |
| Formal | 標榜します | ひょうぼうします | hyōbō shimasu |
| Perfective | 標榜した | ひょうぼうした | hyōbō shita |
| Conjunctive | 標榜して | ひょうぼうして | hyōbō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 標榜すれば | ひょうぼうすれば | hyōbō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# Antigua och Barbuda
## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Antigua och Barbuda n (genitive Antigua och Barbudas)
* Antigua and Barbuda (A country consisting of two islands in the Caribbean, Antigua and Barbuda)

#### Related terms

* antiguansk (“Antiguan”, adjective)
* antiguan c (“Antiguan male”)
* antiguanska c (“Antiguan female”)

### References

* Antigua och Barbuda in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* Svensk MeSH
# miałoś
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmja.wɔɕ/
* Rhymes: -awɔɕ
* Syllabification: mia‧łoś

### Verb

miałoś
* (potential or rare) second-person singular neuter past of mieć
# soldado raso
## Spanish
### Etymology

raso indicates in this case "having no rank, echelon, etc.".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /solˌdado ˈraso/ [sol̪ˌd̪a.ð̞o ˈra.so]
* Syllabification: sol‧da‧do ra‧so

### Noun

soldado raso m (plural soldados rasos)
* (military) private
# prauveté
## Champenois
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prɔv.te/

### Noun

prauveté f
* Alternative form of prouveté
# 標本
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biāoběn
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): biu$^1$ bun$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): piau-pún / phiau-pún
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāoběn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaoběn
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-pên$^3$
*** Yale: byāu-běn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaubeen
*** Palladius: бяобэнь (bjaobɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Yale: bīu bún
*** Cantonese Pinyin: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːu̯⁵⁵ puːn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau-pún
*** Tâi-lô: piau-pún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piau'puon
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau³³ pun⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Longyan): /piau³³⁴ pun²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /piau⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau-pún
*** Tâi-lô: phiau-pún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiau'puon
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/

### Noun

標本
* (literal) root cause and symptoms
* (figurative) example
* (biology) specimen
* (pathology) sample

#### Synonyms

* (example): 代表 (dàibiǎo)

#### Derived terms

* 標本兼治 / 标本兼治 (biāoběnjiānzhì)
* 標本蟲 / 标本虫

### References

* 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “标本”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 260.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 標 | 本 |
| ひょう Grade: 4 | ほん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Literary Chinese 標本 (biāoběn, “the uppermost branches and the root”)

### Noun

標(ひょう)本(ほん) • (hyōhon)
* sample; specimen

#### Descendants

* → Chinese: 標本 / 标本 (biāoběn)
* → Korean: 표본 (pyobon)
* → Vietnamese: tiêu bản

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 標 | 本 |

### Noun

標本 • (pyobon) (hangeul 표본)
* hanja form of 표본 (“sample; specimen”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 標 | 本 |

### Noun

標本
* chữ Hán form of tiêu bản (“sample; specimen”).
# sociālākajās
## Latvian
### Adjective

sociālākajās
* definite locative feminine plural of sociālāks
# जमैका
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d͡ʒə.mɛː.kɑː/, [d͡ʒɐ.mɛː.käː]

### Proper noun

जमैका • (jamaikā) ? (Urdu spelling جمیکا)
* Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.
# อารูบา
## Thai
### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | อารูบา ɒ ā r ū ɓ ā |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | อา-รู-บ้า ɒ ā – r ū – ɓ ˆ ā |
| Romanization | Paiboon | aa-ruu-bâa |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | a-ru-ba |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /ʔaː˧.ruː˧.baː˥˩/ |

### Proper noun

อารูบา • (aa-ruu-bâa)
* Aruba (an island, dependent territory, and constituent country of the Netherlands, in the Caribbean Sea)
# 'n'
## English
### Alternative forms

* -N- (nonstandard)
* N (nonstandard)
* N. (nonstandard)
* -n- (nonstandard)
* n. (nonstandard)
* n (nonstandard)
* n’ (nonstandard)
* ’n (nonstandard)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ən/, [ən], [n̩]
* Audio (US):(file)

### Conjunction

’n’
* (colloquial) Contraction of and; used mainly in a few set phrases such as rock 'n' roll.

#### Derived terms

* dead 'n' buried
* death 'n' roll
* drag 'n' drop
* drill 'n' bass
* drum 'n' bass
* fish 'n' chips
* good 'n' ready
* hook 'n' kill
* kiss 'n' ride
* mac 'n' cheese
* mint 'n' chip
* mint 'n' choc
* mom 'n' pop
* park 'n' ride
* pick 'n' mix
* pork 'n' beans
* Posh 'n' Becks
* rake 'n' scrape
* rock 'n' roll
* salt 'n' shake
* shake 'n' bake

## Ligurian
### Etymology

From ùnn-a (“a, an”, article), with apheresis and apocope.

### Article

'n'
* a, an (female)
    'n'amiga ― a [female] friend
# sülükçüler
## Turkish
### Noun

sülükçüler
* inflection of sülükçü:
** nominative plural
** third-person singular predicative of the plural
** third-person plural predicative of the singular
# a campo través
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a ˌkampo tɾaˈbes/ [a ˌkãm.po t̪ɾaˈβ̞es]
* Syllabification: a cam‧po tra‧vés

### Adverb

a campo través
* cross-country

### Further reading

* “a campo través, o a campo traviesa, o a campo travieso”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 標本
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biāoběn
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): biu$^1$ bun$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): piau-pún / phiau-pún
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāoběn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ ㄅㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaoběn
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-pên$^3$
*** Yale: byāu-běn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaubeen
*** Palladius: бяобэнь (bjaobɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Yale: bīu bún
*** Cantonese Pinyin: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: biu$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːu̯⁵⁵ puːn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau-pún
*** Tâi-lô: piau-pún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piau'puon
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau³³ pun⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Longyan): /piau³³⁴ pun²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /piau⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau-pún
*** Tâi-lô: phiau-pún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiau'puon
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/

### Noun

標本
* (literal) root cause and symptoms
* (figurative) example
* (biology) specimen
* (pathology) sample

#### Synonyms

* (example): 代表 (dàibiǎo)

#### Derived terms

* 標本兼治 / 标本兼治 (biāoběnjiānzhì)
* 標本蟲 / 标本虫

### References

* 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “标本”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 260.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 標 | 本 |
| ひょう Grade: 4 | ほん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Literary Chinese 標本 (biāoběn, “the uppermost branches and the root”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひょーほん [hyòóhóń] (Heiban – [0])
* (Kyoto) ひょーほん [hyòóhóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ço̞ːhõ̞ɴ]

### Noun

標(ひょう)本(ほん) • (hyōhon)
* sample; specimen

#### Descendants

* → Chinese: 標本 / 标本 (biāoběn)
* → Korean: 표본 (pyobon)
* → Vietnamese: tiêu bản

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 “標本”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 標 | 本 |

### Noun

標本 • (pyobon) (hangeul 표본)
* hanja form of 표본 (“sample; specimen”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 標 | 本 |

### Noun

標本
* chữ Hán form of tiêu bản (“sample; specimen”).
# sociālākajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

sociālākajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of sociālāks
# 자메이카
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Jamaica.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕa̠me̞ikʰa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [자메이카]

### Proper noun

자메이카 • (Jameika)
* Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)
# אזן
## Hebrew
### Noun

אוזן / אֹזֶן • (ózen) m
* defective spelling of אוזן

### Verb

אִזֵּן • (izén) (pi'el construction)
* defective spelling of איזן
# Milanesi
## Italian
### Etymology

Plural form of Milanese.

### Proper noun

Milanesi m or f by sense
* a surname

### Further reading

* Stefano Ravara, Mappa dei Cognomi, 2015–2025

### Anagrams

* seminali
# lustig
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch lustich. Equivalent to lust +‎ -ig.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlʏs.təx/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: lus‧tig
* Rhymes: -ʏstəx

### Adjective

lustig (comparative lustiger, superlative lustigst)
* eager, with pleasure and readiness
* lively, eager, vivacious
* lustful, lewd
* (archaic) craving [with naar ‘for’]
* (dated) happy, humorous

#### Derived terms

* lustigheid
* wellustig

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: lustig
* Negerhollands: loestig, lostig

### Adverb

lustig
* eagerly, readily

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German lustec, from Old High German lustīg. By surface analysis, Lust (“pleasure, joy; wish”) +‎ -ig (“-y”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlʊstɪç/, IPA: /ˈlʊstɪk/ (Southern Germany, Austria)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)

### Adjective

lustig (strong nominative masculine singular lustiger, comparative lustiger, superlative am lustigsten)
* funny, humorous
    Synonyms: komisch, witzig
    Antonym: unlustig
    Der Film war lustig. ― The film was funny.
* (chiefly colloquial) enjoyable, amusing, fun
    Synonyms: unterhaltsam, amüsant, vergnügt, heiter
    Antonyms: langweilig, unlustig
    Der Abend war lustig. ― The night was fun.
* enjoying, pleasing
    Die können doch nicht einfach hier hereinspazieren, wie sie lustig sind. ― They can't just walk in here as they please.

#### Related terms

* abenteuerlustig
* schaulustig
* streitlustig

### Further reading

* “lustig” in Duden online
* “lustig” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “lustig” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “lustig” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

## German Low German
### Etymology

From Lust.

### Adjective

lustig (comparative lustiger, superlative lustigst)
* funny
* enjoyable

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

lustig (comparative lustigare, superlative lustigast)
* comically amusing; funny, fun, comical
    en lustig figura funny fella
* strange, peculiar
    ett lustigt sammanträffandea funny coincidence
    Han är lite lustig, den där snubbenHe's a bit funny (strange), that guy

#### Usage notes

Closer to "comically amusing" than "laugh-out-loud funny" in (sense 1), perhaps provoking a smirk or a chuckle. "Funny" often feels too strong (while "amusing" or "comical" often sound weird as translations).

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### Derived terms

* göra sig lustig över
* lustigt hus (“funhouse”)

#### See also

* rolig (“funny”)

### References

* lustig in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* lustig in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* lustig in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# śihitu
## Umbrian
### Alternative forms

* sihitu

### Etymology

Unknown. De Vaan reconstructs a Proto-Italic form *kink-to-, itself possibly related to Proto-Italic *kengō. Further etymology is uncertain, although it may be connected to Proto-Indo-European *kenk-. Possibly cognate with Latin cingō.

### Participle

śihitu (perfect passive participle accusative masculine plural) (late Iguvine)
* The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: girded, surrounded, circled

#### Declension

* (dative plural) l.Ig. śihitir

### References

* Buck, Carl Darling (1904) A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary
* Poultney, James Wilson (1959) The Bronze Tables of Iguvium‎, Baltimore: American Philological Association
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# sociālistiskajā
## Latvian
### Adjective

sociālistiskajā
* definite locative masculine/feminine singular of sociālistisks
# 馬提尼克
## Chinese

| | | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic |
| trad. (馬提尼克) | trad. (馬提尼克) | 馬 | 提 | 尼 | 克 |
| simp. (马提尼克) | simp. (马提尼克) | 马 | 提 | 尼 | 克 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Mǎtíníkè
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄧˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maa$^5$ tai$^4$ nei$^4$ hak$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Má-thê-nî-khiak / Má-thê-nî-khek
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Mǎtíníkè
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˇ ㄊㄧˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Mǎtíníkè
*** Wade–Giles: Ma$^3$-tʻi$^2$-ni$^2$-kʻo$^4$
*** Yale: Mǎ-tí-ní-kè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Maatyinikeh
*** Palladius: Матиникэ (Matinikɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi³⁵ ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maa$^5$ tai$^4$ nei$^4$ hak$^1$
*** Yale: máh tàih nèih hāk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maa$^5$ tai$^4$ nei$^4$ hak$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ma$^5$ tei$^4$ néi$^4$ heg$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /maː¹³ tʰɐi̯²¹ nei̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Má-thê-nî-khiak
*** Tâi-lô: Má-thê-nî-khiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mafteni'qiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰe²⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰiak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Má-thê-nî-khek
*** Tâi-lô: Má-thê-nî-khik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mafteni'qeg
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe¹³⁻²² nĩ¹³⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰe²⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²/

### Proper noun

馬提尼克
* Martinique (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, in the Caribbean)
# Բահամներ
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /bɑhɑmˈneɾ/, [bɑhɑmnéɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /pɑhɑmˈneɾ/, [pʰɑhɑmnéɾ]

### Proper noun

Բահամներ • (Bahamner) pl
* Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)

#### Synonyms

* Բահամյան Կղզիներ (Bahamyan Kġziner)
# trabajo de chinos
## Spanish
### Etymology

Literally, “Chinese work”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾaˌbaxo de ˈt͡ʃinos/ [t̪ɾaˌβ̞a.xo ð̞e ˈt͡ʃi.nos]
* Syllabification: tra‧ba‧jo de chi‧nos

### Noun

trabajo de chinos m (plural trabajos de chinos)
* (idiomatic) a lot of work; difficult or long-term work

### See also

* grunt work
# неволя
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

не- (ne-, negating particle) +‎ во́ля (vólja, “will”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɛˈvɔlʲɐ]

### Noun

нево́ля • (nevólja) f (relational adjective нево́лен or неволе́ви)
* lack of free will
    по неволя ― po nevolja ― by necessity/ against [one's] will
* (by extension) state of wretchedness, woe, hardship
    разказвам си неволите ― razkazvam si nevolite ― to share one's tales of woe

#### Derived terms

* нево́лник m (nevólnik), нево́лница f (nevólnica) (agent nouns)

### References

* “неволя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “неволя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nevoľa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nʲɪˈvolʲə]

### Noun

нево́ля • (nevólja) f inan (genitive нево́ли, nominative plural нево́ли, genitive plural нево́ль)
* slavery, captivity, bondage

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nevoľa. By surface analysis, не- (ne-) +‎ во́ля (vólja)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [neˈwɔlʲɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

нево́ля • (nevólja) f inan (genitive нево́лі, uncountable)
* slavery, captivity, bondage

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “неволя”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “неволя”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund (2001–2025) “Словники України” online [Dictionaries of Ukraine online]‎ (in Ukrainian)
# camomhail
## Scottish Gaelic
### Noun

camomhail m (genitive singular camomhail, no plural)
* Alternative form of camamhail.
# क्वथ्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ক্বথ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬓ᭄ᬯᬣ᭄ (Balinese script)
* ক্বথ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰿𑰪𑰞𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑁆𑀯𑀣𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ကွထ် (Burmese script)
* ક્વથ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਕ੍ਵਥ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍍𑌵𑌥𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦏ꧀ꦮꦡ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂹𑂫𑂟𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಕ್ವಥ್ (Kannada script)
* ក្វថ៑ (Khmer script)
* ກ຺ວຖ຺ (Lao script)
* ക്വഥ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠣᠸᠠᡨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘿𑘪𑘞𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᢉᢦᠲ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧠𑧊𑦾𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑑂𑐰𑐠𑑂 (Newa script)
* କ୍ଵଥ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢒ꣄ꢮꢢ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑇀𑆮𑆡𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖿𑖪𑖞𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ක්‍වථ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜 𑪙𑩾𑩬 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚶𑚦𑚚𑚶 (Takri script)
* க்வத்² (Tamil script)
* క్వథ్ (Telugu script)
* กฺวถฺ (Thai script)
* ཀྭ་ཐ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑓂𑒫𑒟𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑩇𑨭𑨚𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *kweth₂- (“to boil, foam”). Cognate with Latvian kūsāt (“to boil”), Old English hwaþerian (“to foam, surge, roar”), Swedish hvå (“foam”), Latin cāseus (“cheese”). See also kvass.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kʋɐtʰ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /kʋɐt̪ʰ/

### Root

क्वथ् • (kvath)
* to boil, prepare by heat
* to digest
* to be hot (as the heart)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “क्वथ्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0324.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “क्वथ्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 027
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “क्वथ्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0627”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0627
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 258
# sociālistiskajos
## Latvian
### Adjective

sociālistiskajos
* definite locative masculine plural of sociālistisks