# lower
## English
### Etymology 1

From low +‎ -er (comparative suffix).

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈləʊ.ə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈloʊ.ɚ/
* (Canada) IPA: /ˈloʊ(ə)ɹ/, [ˈloː.(ə)ɹ]
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -əʊə(ɹ)

#### Adjective

lower
* comparative form of low: more low
* Bottom; more towards the bottom than the middle of an object.
* Situated on lower ground, nearer a coast, or more southerly.
    Lower Manhattan
    Lower Burgundy
* (geology, of strata or geological time periods) Older.

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “more low”): higher
* (antonym(s) of “bottom”): upper
* (antonym(s) of “older”): upper

##### Derived terms

* Coychurch Lower
* lower 48
* lower airway
* lowerarchy
* lower arm
* lower atmosphere
* lower back
* Lower Basildon
* Lower Bavaria
* Lower Bayao
* Lower Beeding
* Lower Bentley
* lower body
* lower body day
* lower bound
* lower boundary
* Lower Brynamman
* Lower Bullingham
* lower camel case
* Lower Canada
* lower-case
* lower case, lowercase
* lower chamber
* Lower Chichester
* Lower Chinook
* lower-class
* lower class
* lower convex envelope
* lower court
* lower criticism
* Lower Cumberworth
* Lower Darwen
* lower deck
* Lower Edmonton
* Lower Egypt
* Lower Egyptian
* lower esophageal sphincter
* Lower Eyre Peninsula
* Lower Franconia
* lower garment
* Lower Gwynedd
* Lower Heyford
* Lower Holker
* lower house
* Lower Hutt
* Lower Ince
* lower Ivy
* lower jaw
* Lower Langford
* Lower Largo
* lower leaf zone
* lower limit
* lower lip
* Lower Lusatia
* Lower Lusatian
* Lower Lydbrook
* Lower Makefield
* Lower Maton
* lower-medium
* Lower Merion
* lower middle class
* Lower Moor
* lowermost
* Lower Mount Bethel
* lower order
* lower orders
* Lower Oxford
* Lower Paxton
* Lower Peover
* lower quartile
* lower reaches
* lower regions
* lower respiratory tract
* Lower Saxony
* lower school
* lower semi-continuous
* lower semicontinuous
* lower set
* Lower Sibatang
* Lower Silesia
* Lower Silesian
* lower sixth
* Lower Sorbian
* Lower Southampton
* lower surgery
* Lower Svaneti
* Lower Swanwick
* Lower Sydenham
* lower than a snake's belly
* lower than whaleshit
* lower the bar
* lower third
* Lower Thorpe
* Lower Wendish
* Lower Withington
* Lower Xiajiadian culture
* Mahayahay Lower
* member of lower house
* Ormond Lower
* rear admiral lower half
* the lower 48
* zero lower bound

##### Translations

Arabic: أَدْنَى m (ʔadnā), دُنْيَا (ar) f (dunyā), أَسْفَل m (ʔasfal), سُفْلَى f (suflā)
Azerbaijani: aşağı (az)
Belarusian: ні́жні (nížni)
Bulgarian: до́лен (bg) (dólen), по́-до́лен (bg) (pó-dólen)
Catalan: inferior (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 下的 (zh) (xià de)
Czech: spodní (cs), dolní (cs)
Egyptian: (ẖrj)
Even: хэрги (hərgi)
Evenki: хэргу (hərgu)
French: inférieur (fr)
Georgian: ქვემო (kvemo)
German: unterer (de)
Greek:
Ancient: κατώτερος (katṓteros), κάτω (kátō)
Hebrew: תַּחְתּוֹן (he) (takhtón)
Hungarian: alsó (hu)
Italian: inferiore (it)
Japanese: 下の (ja) (したの, shita no)
Kazakh: төменгі (tömeñı)
Korean: 아래의 (ko) (arae'ui)
Kyrgyz: астынкы (ky) (astınkı)
Latin: inferior
Macedonian: долен (dolen), подолен (podolen)
Manchu: ᡶᡝᠵᡝᡵᡤᡳ (fejergi)
Mongolian: доод (mn) (dood), дорд (mn) (dord)
Nanai: пэгуй (peguj)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: nedre
Nynorsk: nedre
Ottoman Turkish: آشاغی (aşağı)
Polish: dolny (pl)
Portuguese: inferior (pt)
Romanian: mai jos, inferior (ro)
Russian: ни́жний (ru) (nížnij)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: до̑њӣ, сподњи (Kajkavian)
Roman: dȏnjī (sh), spodnji (Kajkavian)
Slovak: spodný, dolný (sk)
Slovene: spodnji
Spanish: inferior (es)
Swedish: nedre (sv)
Tocharian B: ñormye
Turkish: aşağı (tr)
Ukrainian: ни́жній (nýžnij) :

#### Adverb

lower
* comparative form of low: more low

#### Verb

lower (third-person singular simple present lowers, present participle lowering, simple past and past participle lowered)
* (transitive) To let descend by its own weight, as something suspended; to let down
    lower a bucket into a well
    to lower a sail of a boat
** 1833 (first publication), Alfred Tennyson, A Dream of Fair Women
    Lower'd softly with a threefold cord of love Down to a silent grave.
** 1960 September, “Talking of Trains: New level-crossing signs”, in Trains Illustrated, page 519:At level crossings where there are to be half-barriers, train-operated through track-circuiting, the barriers will be timed to lower fully about five seconds before the fastest train can reach the crossing.
* (transitive) To pull down
    to lower a flag
* (transitive) To reduce the height of
    lower a fence or wall
    lower a chimney or turret
* (transitive) To depress as to direction
    lower the aim of a gun
* (transitive) To make less elevated
    to lower one's ambition, aspirations, or hopes
* (transitive) To reduce the degree, intensity, strength, etc., of
    lower the temperature
    lower one's vitality
    lower distilled liquors
    Please lower your voices. This is a library.
* (transitive) To bring down; to humble
    lower one's pride
* (reflexive) To humble oneself; to do something one considers to be beneath one's dignity.
    I could never lower myself enough to buy second-hand clothes.
* (transitive) To reduce (something) in value, amount, etc.
    lower the price of goods
    lower the interest rate
* (intransitive) To fall; to sink; to grow less; to diminish; to decrease
    The river lowered as rapidly as it rose.
* (intransitive) To decrease in value, amount, etc.
* (computing, transitive) To reduce operations to single machine instructions, as part of compilation of a program.

##### Synonyms

* (let (something) descend by its own weight, such as a bucket or sail): bring down
* (reduce the height of, as a fence or chimney): shorten
* (depress as to direction, as a gun):
* (make less elevated as to object, as ambitions or hopes): reduce
* (reduce the degree, intensity, strength, etc., of, as temperature): reduce, turn down
* (transitive: to humble):
* (reflexive: to humble oneself): be humble
* (reduce (something) in value, amount, etc): cut, reduce
* (intransitive: grow less): die off, drop, fall, fall off, shrink
* (intransitive: decrease in value): become/get smaller, become/get lower, lessen, reduce

##### Derived terms

* lower one's guard
* lower one's sights
* lower the bar
* lower the boom
* lower the tone

##### Translations
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈlaʊə/, /ˈlaʊ.ə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈlaʊɚ/, /ˈlaʊ.ɚ/
* Rhymes: -aʊ.ə(ɹ)

#### Verb

lower (third-person singular simple present lowers, present participle lowering, simple past and past participle lowered)
* Alternative spelling of lour
** c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:Now is the winter of our diſcontent, / Made glorious ſummer by this ſonne of Yorke: / And all the cloudes that lowrd vpon our houſe, / In the deepe boſome of the Ocean buried.
** 1700, [John] Dryden, “Homer’s Ilias”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, book I, page 215:[...] Juno took her place: / But ſullen Diſcontent ſat lowring on her Face.
** 1846, R[obert] S[tephen] Hawker, “The Wreck”, in Echoes from Old Cornwall, London: Joseph Masters, […], →OCLC, stanza X, page 76:And still when loudliest howls the storm, / And darkliest lowers his native sky, / The king's fierce soul is in that form, / The warrior's spirit threatens nigh!

##### Related terms

* loweringly

### Anagrams

* Worle, owler, rowel

## Scanian
### Etymology

From Old Norse lágr, from Proto-Germanic *lēgaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [léʊːɐ], [lɑ́ʊːɐ]

### Adjective

lower m
* low