# πείθω
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* πίθημῐ (píthēmĭ) — Aeolic
* πιθέω (pithéō) — Epic
* πιθόω (pithóō) — Boeotian

### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *péitʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-. Cognates include Latin fīdō, Albanian be and Proto-Germanic *bīdaną, from which Old English bīdan (English bide).
Stems πειθ-, πιθ- with vowel shift, and ποιθ- (poith-) with ablaut. Derivatives from all stems, with π(ε)ιθ-τ- > π(ε)ιστ-, πειθ-μ- > πεισμ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pěː.tʰɔː/ → /ˈpi.θo/ → /ˈpi.θo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pěː.tʰɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpi.tʰo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpi.θo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpi.θo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpi.θo/

### Verb

πείθω • (peíthō)
* (active voice)
** to convince, persuade
*** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 41
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1212
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 724
*** 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 615
*** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1064
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 70
*** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 68
*** 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, 62 16
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.163
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.5
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.184
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.345
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.587
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.842
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.78
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.223
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.258
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.337
*** 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 27:20
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 453b
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Hipparchus 232b
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 844e
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 327c
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.181a
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1298
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1442
*** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 102
*** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 612
*** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 901
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.31
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.17
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.76
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, 6 44
*** Tragica Adespota 402
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.5.11
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 6.1.34
** to succeed through entreaty
*** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 450
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.100
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.112
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.386
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.219
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.363
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 2.80
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 37d
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 366a
** to mislead
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.132
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.360
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.26
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.106
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.123
*** to bribe
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.4
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.134
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.33
**** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Fr. 272
**** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Olive Stump 21
**** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Defence against a Charge of Taking Bribes 10
**** New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 12:20
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.137
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.96
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.3.19
*** to tempt
**** 320 CE – 403 CE, Oribasius, Collected Works 2.58.84
* (mediopassive, πείθομαι, and Epic future, πῐθήσω, with dative)
** 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 1170
** 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 440
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.201
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 338a
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1015
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1207
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 520
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1181
** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 624
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.2
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.34
** to obey, yield to
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.79
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.502
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.48
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.157
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.645
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.177
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 29d
*** 638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 4.11
*** 638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 13.12
*** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 67
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.3.39
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.2.8
** to believe, trust in
*** 411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 592
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.8
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.12
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.146
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.81
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.408
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.238
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.192
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.45
*** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Poems 5.34
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 13.79
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 25e
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Crito 44c
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 235b
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 391b
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.8.3
* (second perfect active, πέποιθᾰ, with passive sense) to trust, rely on (with dative of person or thing)
** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 530
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.88
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.524
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.325
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.96
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.344
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.71
** The Gospel of Mark 10:24
** 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 2:3
** 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 10:7
** New Testament, Epistle to the Galatians 5:10
** 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Menexenus 248a
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Deuteronomy 33.28
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 769
* (perfect passive, πέπεισμαι, post-Epic) to believe, trust (with dative)
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 599
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 51
** 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1190
** New Testament, Epistle to the Hebrews 6:9
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 328e
** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 368a
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Romulus 14

#### Derived terms

* ἀνᾰπείθω (anăpeíthō)
* ἄπειστος (ápeistos)
* δῐᾰπείθω (dĭăpeíthō)
* δυσπειθής (duspeithḗs)
* ἐκπείθω (ekpeíthō)
* ἐπῐπείθομαι (epĭpeíthomai)
* εὐπειθής (eupeithḗs)
* κᾰτᾰπείθω (kătăpeíthō)
* μετᾰπείθω (metăpeíthō)
* πᾰρᾰπείθω (părăpeíthō)
* Πειθαγόρας (Peithagóras)
* πειθᾰνάγκη (peithănánkē)
* πειθαναλογία (peithanalogía)
* πειθαρχέω (peitharkhéō)
* πείθαρχος (peítharkhos)
* πειθήνιος (peithḗnios)
* πειθοδῐκαιόσῠνος (peithodĭkaiósŭnos)
* πειθώ (peithṓ)
* Πείσανδρος (Peísandros)
* πεῖσῐς (peîsĭs)
* πεῖσμᾰ (peîsmă)
* πειστέον (peistéon)
* πειστήρ (peistḗr)
* πειστήρῐον (peistḗrĭon)
* πειστῐκός (peistĭkós)
* προπείθω (propeíthō)
* σῠμπείθω (sŭmpeíthō)
* ὑπερπείθομαι (huperpeíthomai)
* ὑποπείθω (hupopeíthō)

#### Related terms

* ἀπειθέω (apeithéō)
* ἀπίθανος (apíthanos)
* ἀπιθέω (apithéō)
* ἀπιθής (apithḗs)
* πειθήμων (peithḗmōn)
* Πειθώ (Peithṓ)
* πεισμονή (peismonḗ)
* πῐθᾰνός (pĭthănós)
* πῐθᾰνόω (pĭthănóō)
* πίστῐς (pístĭs)
* πῐστός (pĭstós)
* πίσῠνος (písŭnos)

#### Descendants

* Greek: πείθω (peítho)

#### References

* ↑ vowel shift: in Greek: μετάπτωσις (metáptōsis)
* ↑ ablaut, apophony: in Greek: ἑταιροίωσις (hetairoíōsis)
* ↑ Dental (θ) before dental (τ) or /m/ becomes /s/.

### Further reading

* “πείθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πείθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πείθω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πείθω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* πείθω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πείθω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3982 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* πείθω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpi.θo/ - compare to πειθώ (peithó)
* Hyphenation: πεί‧θω
* Homophone: πίθο (pítho) (accusative sing. of masc. noun "ο πίθος")

### Verb

πείθω • (peítho) active (past έπεισα, passive πείθομαι)
* to persuade, convince, induce (in 1st person singular present)

#### Related terms

From stem πειθ- (also πεισ-)
* πειθαναγκάζω (peithanagkázo)
* πειθαναγκασμός (peithanagkasmós)
* πειθαρχείο n (peitharcheío)
* πειθαρχία f (peitharchía)
* πειθαρχικός (peitharchikós)
* πειθαρχώ (peitharchó)
* πειθήνιος (peithínios)
* πειθόμενος (peithómenos, participle)
* πειθώ f (peithó, “persuasion”)
* πείσμα n (peísma)
* πεισματάρης (peismatáris)
* πεισματάρικος (peismatárikos)
* πεισματικός (peismatikós)
* πεισματώδης (peismatódis)
* πεισμάτωμα n (peismátoma)
* πεισματώνω (peismatóno)
* πείσμων (peísmon)
* πεισμώνω (peismóno)
* πειστήριο n (peistírio)
* πειστικός (peistikós)
* πειστικότητα f (peistikótita)
* πεπεισμένος (pepeisménos)
From stem πιθ- (also πισ-)
* πιθανοκρατία (pithanokratía)
* πιθανολογία (pithanología)
* πιθανολογώ (pithanologó)
* πιθανός (pithanós)
* πιθανότητα (pithanótita)
* πιστεύω (pistévo)
* πίστη f (písti)
* πιστικός m (pistikós) & μπιστικός m (bistikós)
* πιστοδότης m (pistodótis), πιστοδότρια f (pistodótria)
* πιστοδότηση f (pistodótisi)
* πιστοδοτικός (pistodotikós)
* πιστοδοτώ (pistodotó)
* πιστοποίηση f (pistopoíisi)
* πιστοποιητικό n (pistopoiitikó)
* πιστοποιητικός (pistopoiitikós)
* πιστός (pistós)
* πιστότητα f (pistótita)
* πιστοχρεώνω (pistochreóno)
* πιστοχρέωση f (pistochréosi)
* πιστώνω (pistóno)
* πίστωση f (pístosi)
* πιστωτής m (pistotís), πιστώτρια f (pistótria)
* πιστωτικός (pistotikós)
From stem ποιθ-
* πεποίθηση f (pepoíthisi)

#### References

* 1 2 Dental (θ) before dental (τ) or /m/ becomes /s/.