# κατηγορέω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From κᾰτήγορος (kătḗgoros) +‎ -έω (-éō), or from κᾰτᾰ- (kătă-, “against”) +‎ ἀγορεύω (agoreúō, “to speak in assembly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.tɛː.ɡo.ré.ɔː/ → /ka.ti.ɣoˈre.o/ → /ka.ti.ɣoˈre.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ka.tɛː.ɡo.ré.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ka.te̝.ɡoˈre.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ka.ti.ɣoˈre.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ka.ti.ɣoˈre.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ka.ti.ɣoˈre.o/

### Verb

κᾰτηγορέω • (kătēgoréō)
* to speak against, especially before judges, to accuse, to denounce publicly
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.113
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.60
** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Alcibiades 1 21
** 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 1073
** 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Menexenus 244E
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 1.7.9
** 399 BCE, Plato, Euthyphro 2C
** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 134
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 7.1.38
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 1.7.17
** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 197
** 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 266
** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Nicocles or the Cyprians 4
** to state or bring as a charge against a person, accuse of it
*** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 514
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 28
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.3.4
*** 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 294
*** 390 BCE – 322 BCE, Hyperides, In Defence of Euxenippus 23
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 110
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.85
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 482C
*** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 5
** (with accusative of object) to allege in accusation
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.113
*** 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 418
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 346A
*** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Against the Stepmother for Poisoning 10
*** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 932
*** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 996
*** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Agoratus 31
*** 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 9
*** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 529
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.95
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18A
*** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, For Mantitheus 9
*** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, On the Murder of Herodes 85
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 24
*** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 136
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.205
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 5.2.35
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.5.35
*** (passive voice) to be accused
**** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 7
**** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Timon 38
** (absolute) to be an accuser, appear as prosecutor
*** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 840–842
*** 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 917
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18E
* to signify, indicate, prove
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.3
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.695D
** 350 CE – 500 CE, Adamantius, Treatise on Physiognomy 1.5
** AD 254–270, Plotinus, Enneades 4.6.3
** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Nigrinus 21
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 271
** 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 690
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 907
** 170 CE – 250 CE, Philostratus, Imagines 2.26
** (followed by a relative pronoun) to tell plainly, declare, assert
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.115
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.189
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 73B
*** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 208B
* (in logic) to predicate of a person or thing
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 3A.19
** 341 BCE – 270 BCE, Epicurus, Fragments 250
** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Poems 5.15
** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Household Management 60
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 2A.21
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 24A.15
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 998B.16
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 999A.15
** 60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 2.48
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 140B.37
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Sophistical Refutations 179A.8
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Categories 1B.11
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1043A.6
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 47B.1
** to affirm
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 41A.10

#### Inflection
### Derived terms

* κατηγορία (katēgoría)

### Descendants

* Greek: κατηγορώ (katigoró)

### Further reading

* “κατηγορέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κατηγορέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* κατηγορέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* G2723 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* κατηγορέω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011