# 津

| 津 | U+6D25, &#27941; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D25 |
| ← 洤 [U+6D24] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 洦 → [U+6D26] |

## Translingual
### Han character

津 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水中手 (ELQ), four-corner 3510$_7$, composition ⿰氵聿)

#### Derived characters

* 𦩨, 葏, 𮵷, 堻, 𤀷, 𰝪, 𦽷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 621, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17396
* Dae Jaweon: page 1017, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1616, character 11
* Unihan data for U+6D25

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 葏 | *ʔslen |
| 津 | *ʔslin |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔslin): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𦘔. 𦘔 (pronounced "jīn") has been simplified into the partly related 聿 (OC *b·lud) in the clerical script.

### Etymology

From 濟 (OC *ʔsliːls, “to ferry”) + nominal suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīn (jin$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zun$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chîn
    (Hailu, HRS): zin$^ˋ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tin / chin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zing$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jin
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^1$
*** Yale: jīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
*** Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeon$^1$
*** Yale: jēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sun³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: jin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sin²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zin$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin
*** Tâi-lô: tin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dyn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin
*** Tâi-lô: tsin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cyn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
** tin - vernacular;
** chin - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit津 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ /t͡ɕyẽ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡siə̃⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sin²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹/ ～～有味 /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/ 天～ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕĩn³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sin³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕin²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sin⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡ɕin³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡saŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡siʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sin³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡sin³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕin⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sin⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡sin²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡søn⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡søn⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sin⁵⁵/ /tin⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡siŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡siŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sin²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsin
Rime :
| Character | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 將鄰切 |
| Baxter | tsin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sin/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]i[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsin › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]i[n]/ |
| English | ford (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6725 |
| Phonetic component | 津 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 津 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔslin/ |

### Definitions

津
* ferry crossing; ford
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Chángjǔ, Jiénì ǒu ér gēng, Kǒngzǐ guò zhī, shǐ Zǐlù wènjīn yān. [Pinyin]
    Chang Zu and Jie Ni were at work in the field together. Confucius passed by them, and sent Zi Lu to inquire for the ford.
** (figurative) key post
** Short for 天津 (Tiānjīn, “Tianjin”).
** (～市) Tsu, Japan
* bodily fluid
** saliva
** sweat
** to moisten
* Alternative form of 秦 (Qín, “plain with river”)

### Compounds

* 上津 (Shàngjīn)
* 乏人問津 / 乏人问津 (fárénwènjīn)
* 京津大鼓
* 位居要津
* 利津 (Lìjīn)
* 問津 / 问津 (wènjīn)
* 唾津兒 / 唾津儿
* 夏津 (Xiàjīn)
* 天津 (Tiānjīn)
* 平津
* 延津 (Yánjīn)
* 打鼓津頭 / 打鼓津头
* 指點迷津 / 指点迷津 (zhǐdiǎnmíjīn)
* 文津閣 / 文津阁
* 旗津 (Qíjīn, “Cijin”)
* 東津 / 东津 (Dōngjīn)
* 橋津 / 桥津
* 江津 (Jiāngjīn)
* 汗津津 (hànjīnjīn)
* 波津
* 河津 (Héjīn)
* 津南 (Jīnnán)
* 津史
* 津吏
* 津巴布韋 / 津巴布韦 (Jīnbābùwéi)
* 津市 (Jīnshì)
* 津梁 (jīnliáng)
* 津津 (jīnjīn)
* 津津有味 (jīnjīnyǒuwèi)
* 津津樂道 / 津津乐道 (jīnjīnlèdào)
* 津浦鐵路 / 津浦铁路
* 津涯
* 津液 (jīnyè)
* 津渡 (jīndù)
* 津潤 / 津润
* 津濟 / 津济
* 津發 / 津发
* 津筏
* 津要 (jīnyào)
* 津貼 / 津贴 (jīntiē)
* 津貼制度 / 津贴制度
* 津送
* 津遣
* 津關 / 津关
* 津鼓
* 清津 (Qīngjīn, “Chongjin”)
* 濕津津 / 湿津津
* 無人問津 / 无人问津 (wúrénwènjīn)
* 牛津 (niújīn)
* 玄津
* 生津 (shēngjīn)
* 生津止渴
* 白馬津 / 白马津
* 益氣生津 / 益气生津
* 盟津 (Mèngjīn)
* 知津
* 義津 / 义津 (Yìjīn)
* 蒲津
* 薪津
* 要津 (yàojīn)
* 要路津
* 覺返迷津 / 觉返迷津
* 赤津津
* 迷津
* 遍體生津 / 遍体生津
* 關津 / 关津

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* harbor, port, haven
* ferry, ford
* bodily fluid

#### Readings

* Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kun: つ (tsu, 津, Jōyō)、しる (shiru, 津)
* Nanori: す (su)、ず (zu)、つ (tsu)、づ (zu)

#### Compounds

* 津(しん)液(えき) (shin'eki)
* 津々(つつ)浦々(うらうら), 津津(つつ)浦浦(うらうら) (tsutsuuraura)
* 津(つ)波(なみ) (tsunami)
* 津(つ)軽(がる) (tsugaru)

### Pronunciation

* Kanji in this term
* 津
* つ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* (Tokyo) つ [tsúꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [t͡sɨ]

### Noun

津(つ) • (tsu)
* harbor, port; ferry

### Proper noun

津(つ) • (Tsu)
* Tsu (a city in Mie prefecture, Japan)
* a surname

### References

* ↑ “津”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 津 (MC tsin).

#### “ferry; ford”

Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 진 (Yale: cìn) | 진 (Yale: cìn) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | ᄂᆞᄅᆞ (Yale: nòlò) | 진 (Yale: cìn) |

#### “resin; sap”

Historical Readings :
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | N/A | 진〯 (Yale: cǐn) |

### Pronunciation

* (ferry; ford):
** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕin]
** Phonetic hangul: [진]
* (resin; sap):
** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕi(ː)n]
** Phonetic hangul: [진(ː)]
*** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 津 (eumhun 나루 진 (naru jin))
* hanja form of 진 (“ferry; ford”) [affix]
* hanja form of 진 (“resin; sap”) [noun]

#### Compounds

* 광진 (廣津, Gwangjin)
* 도진 (渡津, dojin)
* 섬진강 (蟾津江, Seomjin'gang)
* 송진 (松津, songjin)
* 옹진 (甕津, Ongjin)
* 정동진 (正東津, Jeongdongjin)
* 진구 (津口, jin'gu)
* 진도 (津渡, jindo)
* 진두 (津頭, jindu)
* 진량 (津梁, jillyang)
* 진액 (津液, jinaek)
* 진역 (津驛, jinyeok)
* 진하 (津河, jinha)
* 하진 (河津, hajin)
* 흥미진진 (興味津津, heungmijinjin)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

津: Hán Nôm readings: lọt, lụt, tân
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.