# sedeo
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sedēō, from earlier *sedējō, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-éh₁-ye-ti (eh₁-stative), from Proto-Indo-European *sed-, the same root as sīdō (“I settle, I sink down”).
Cognates include Sanskrit सीदति (sī́dati), Old Church Slavonic сѣдѣти (sěděti), Old English sittan (English sit).
The perfect sēdī was originally the perfect of the related third-conjugation verb sīdō; this can be seen in how prefixed derivatives of sīdō use sēdī to form their perfects. The same fact is also demonstrated by Umbrian cognates, which feature 𐌔𐌉𐌔𐌕𐌖 (sistu, 3sg. imp.) (from present stem *sizd-) alongside future perfect sesust (from perfect stem *sezd-).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈse.de.oː/, [ˈs̠ɛd̪eoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈse.de.o/, [ˈsɛːd̪eo]

### Verb

sedeō (present infinitive sedēre, perfect active sēdī, supine sessum); second conjugation, impersonal in the passive
* to sit, to be seated
* to sit in an official seat; sit in council or court, hold court, preside
* to keep the field, remain encamped
* to settle or sink down, subside
* to sit still; remain, tarry, stay, abide, linger, loiter; sit around
* (figuratively) to hold or hang fast or firm; to be established, settled, fixed, determined, resolved
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.15:“Sī mihi nōn animō fīxum immōtumque sedēret, [...].”“If for me it were not resolved — in my mind, fixed and immovable — [...].”
* (Medieval Latin, Ibero-Romance) to be
    Pueri claustrales et bachalarii descendant in fine scalæ dormitorii, et illic sedeant.(please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Conjugation

This verb lacks almost all passive forms. Only the third-person singular passive forms are known.

#### Derived terms

* assideō
* circumsedeō
* dēsideō
* dissideō
* duābus sellīs sedeō
* īnsideō
* obsideō
* persedeō
* possideō
* praesideō
* resideō
* sedēns
* sedentārius
* sēdēs
* sedibilis
* sedīle
* sedimen
* sedimentum
* sēdō
* sēdulus
* sella
* sessibulum
* sessilis
* sessim
* sessimonium
* sessiō
* sessitō
* sessor
* sessus
* supersedeō

#### Descendants

* Balkano-Romance:
** Aromanian: shed, shideari
** Istro-Romanian: șed
** Megleno-Romanian: șǫd, șădęri
** Romanian: ședea, ședere
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: sedere
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Romansch: seser, ser, sezzer
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: seure
** French: seoir
** Gascon: sèser, séter, ser
** Occitan: sèire, sièire
* Ibero-Romance (subsequently merged into descendants of essere):
** Old Galician-Portuguese: seer
** Old Spanish: seer
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: sèdere, sèere, sei, sèiri, sere

#### References

* “sedeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “sedeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* sedeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. (ambiguous) to be on horseback: in equo sedere; equo insidēre (ambiguous) to sit with folded arms; to be inactive: compressis manibus sedere (proverb.) (Liv. 7. 13) (ambiguous) to hold the reins of government: ad gubernacula (metaph. only in plur.) rei publicae sedere (ambiguous) the seat of war, theatre of operations: belli sedes (Liv. 4. 31)