# Jesus
## English
### Alternative forms

* Iesus (archaic)
* Iesvs (archaic)
* Jesu (archaic)
* Jeezus (slang)

### Etymology

From Middle English Jhesus, Iesus, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ), a contracted form of יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yəhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”). The form יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ) is attested in some of the later books of the Hebrew Bible (Ezra–Nehemiah), and translated as Jeshua or Yeshua in some English editions (the former appearing in the King James Version). The Greek texts make no distinction between Jesus and Joshua, referring to them both as Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs). In the Wycliffe Bible (Middle English), the forms used are Jhesus and Jhesu.

### Pronunciation

* (Jesus of Nazareth):
** (Received Pronunciation) enPR: jē'zəs, jē'zŭsˌ, IPA: /ˈd͡ʒiːzəs/, /ˈd͡ʒiːˌzʌs/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
** (General American) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒizəs/
** Audio (Mid-Atlantic US):(file)
* (Spanish given name):
** enPR: hāso͞os', hĕso͞os', hā'so͞os, hĕ'so͞os, IPA: /heɪˈsuːs/, /hɛˈsuːs/, /ˈheɪsuːs/, /ˈhɛsuːs/
** Rhymes: -iːzəs, -iːzʌs, -uːs
* Hyphenation: Jes‧us

### Proper noun

Jesus (plural (of male given name) Jesuses or Jesi)
* Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman (commonly understood to have been a carpenter) from Galilee held to be a prophet, teacher, the son of God, and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity; also called "Jesus Christ" by Christians. Held to be a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís. Also called "the historical Jesus" from a historiographic viewpoint or a secular one.
** 1621 June 19, William Laud, “Sermon preached before His Majesty”, in Seven Sermons Preached Upon Severall Occasions […]‎, page 10:For the Son of God, Christ Jesus, is Head of the Church; and can the Body doe any thing well, if the Head direct it not?
** 1873, Syed Ameer Ali, A Critical Examination of the Life and Teachings of Mohammed‎, page 195:Mohammed always announced his religion as the religion of Abraham, of Moses, and of Jesus.
** 1989, James McGinnis, “Peacemaking and Prayer”, in Journey into Compassion: A Spirituality for the Long Haul‎, Institute for Peace and Justice; Meyer-Stone, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 36:I find that writing helps my praying, whether it is writing poetry or more conversational journaling with Jesus. I used to feel compelled to write on a scheduled basis (for example, once a week for my journaling or a poem every time I went to the Japanese Garden), but now I have let go of that compulsion and write when it seems right.
** 2018 March 18, “Mike Pence”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 5, episode 5, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:She’s right! Omarosa is right there! Also, I’m pretty sure the original titles of the New and Old Testament were Jesus Said This and Jesus Ain’t Say That.
* (historical, religion) One of a variety of persons or entities in western Manichaeism, of whom some correspond closely to the Christian conception of Jesus of Nazareth.
* A male given name from Spanish in Spanish culture; an anglicized spelling of Jesús.
** 1971, Ruth Rendell, No More Dying Then, Random House, published 2009, →ISBN, page 195:Frensham opened the door and called a name that sounded like 'Haysus'. Brandy was brought and various other bottles and decanters. When the manservant had gone, Frensham said, 'Odd, aren't they, the Spanish? Calling a boy Jesus.'
* A male given name from Aramaic.
    Jesus son of Sirach wrote the "Wisdom of Sirach"
* (Cambridge University, informal) Ellipsis of Jesus College, Cambridge.
* (Oxford University, informal) Ellipsis of Jesus College, Oxford.

#### Usage notes

* The possessive form of this proper noun may be either Jesus’s (pronounced with three syllables) or Jesus’ (pronounced with two syllables). The latter form was traditionally more common when referring to the Christian figure while the former is more common when referring to other people named Jesus, but both forms are attested in both cases. See -'s.

#### Synonyms

* (Jesus Christ): See at Jesus Christ

#### Coordinate terms

* (Christianity): Christ, Messiah

#### Derived terms

* bejesus
* creeping Jesus
* gee
* geez, jeez
* have Jesus in one's heart
* holy Jesus
* Jeebus
* Jesusanity
* Jesus bar
* Jesus bird
* Jesus boots
* Jesus bug
* Jesus Christ
* Jesus clip
* Jesus Day
* Jesusdom
* Jesusesque
* Jesus fish
* Jesus freak
* Jesus fuck
* Jesus fucking Christ
* Jesus God
* Jesus handle
* Jesus Harold Christ
* Jesus H. Christ
* Jesus H. Christ on a popsicle stick
* Jesushood
* Jesus hugger
* Jesusian
* Jesusish
* Jesus jammies
* Jesus juice
* Jesus junk
* Jesusless
* Jesuslike
* Jesus lizard
* Jesus, Mary and Joseph
* Jesus-monger
* Jesus motherfucking Christ
* Jesus movement
* Jesus nut
* Jesus of Mercy
* Jesus of Nazareth
* Jesusolatry
* Jesusological
* Jesusologist
* Jesusology
* Jesus phone
* Jesus piece
* Jesus pin
* Jesus Prayer
* Jesus sandals
* Jesus, take the wheel
* Jesus the Christ
* Jesusward
* Jesus wept
* Jesuswise
* Jesusy
* Jesus year
* jumping Jesus
* plead the blood of Jesus
* Sister of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary

#### Related terms

* Isa
* Jesu
* Jesuit

#### Translations
### Noun

Jesus (plural Jesuses or Jesusses or Jesi or Jesii)
* The Christian savior.
** 1813, William Revell Moody, editor, Record of Christian Work, page 441:And, says George Eliot, and all who believe in her teaching, it is perfectly true that He is with us now in a dumb, vague, blessed impulse. Is that your Jesus? If I may recall my illustration of the train, I will tell you of my Jesus.
** 2005, Scot McKnight, Jesus and His Death, page 152:...leading Dom Crossan at times to the witty criticism that modern Jesus books are in a quest for who can say "my Jesus is more Jewish than your Jesus"...
** 2001, Clinton Bennett, In Search of Jesus, page 231:Your Jesus is my Jesus' greatest enemy

### Interjection

Jesus
* (possibly offensive, blasphemous) An exclamation, particularly used to express excitement or exasperation.
    Jesus, that was close!
    Jesus… How many people killed here?
    Jesus! Do not move, I’ll get assistance!
** 1989 January 27, Stephen Fry et al., “Doctor Tobacco”, in A Bit of Fry and Laurie, season 1, episode 3:Patient: ...too much is bad for you. Doctor: Well of course too much is bad for you, that's what "too much" means, you blithering twat. If you had too much water, it would be bad for you, wouldn't it? "Too much" precisely means that quantity which is excessive, that's what it means. Could you ever say "too much water is good for you"? I mean if it's too much it's too much. Too much of anything is too much. Obviously. Jesus.
** 1991 September, Stephen Fry, chapter 1, in The Liar, London: Heinemann, →ISBN, section I, page 19:‘Jesus suffering fuck,’ said Adrian. ‘It's not half a thought.’ ‘Face it, it’s a wow.’

#### Synonyms

* (exclamation): Christ, Son of God, God, Jesus Christ, Jesus H. Christ, Christ on a crutch, Christ on a stick, Jesus H. Christ on a popsicle stick, God the Son

#### Related terms

* Joshua

#### Translations
### Verb

Jesus (third-person singular simple present Jesuses, present participle Jesusing, simple past and past participle Jesused)
* (colloquial, often derogatory or humorous) To subject to (excessive) Christian proselytizing, preaching, or moralizing.
** 1971, Richard Sale, For the president's eyes only, →ISBN, page 72:From what I gathered, his mother had been heavily Jesused, and his father had been a rough sort of plainsman.
** 1994, Hannah Yakin, Of Tortoises and Other Jews, page 19:"If you don't believe me, ask Jesus!" [...] “Look here,” Papa burst out, “there's no difference between Jews and non-Jews. There can only be a difference between good and bad people.” “And don't start Jesusing me in my own house,” Mama added[.]
** 2004, José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, David L. Frye, The Mangy Parrot, page 531:Don't leave me until I expire; I wouldn't want some devout man or woman to come in here and start Jesusing me with the Ramillete [a collection of prayers] or some collection like that,
** 2005, Christian Bauman, Voodoo Lounge: A Novel, page 58:They took refuge in Jérémie, the last Haitian port they hadn't been ejected out of, run from, or Jesused to death [in].
** 2008, Laura Pedersen, The Big Shuffle: A Novel, →ISBN:In the past few weeks he's Jesused us all up with a full-length grace at each meal[.]
* To exclaim "Jesus" (at).
** 2012, Brian Evenson, Windeye, →ISBN:The other man stumbled up, rubbing his temple. “Jesus,” the man said. Frank raised his fist, then saw that the man was Jesusing not him but [the window].
** 2016, Kaui Hart Hemmings, Juniors, →ISBN, page 141:"Jesus, Whit," Will says. [...] "Why are you always Jesusing me?" He doesn't answer, just chews his food, and I take another sip[.]

#### Translations
### See also

* Christ
* Lion of Judah
* Messiah
* savior, saviour
* Son of David
* Son of Man
* Yeshua

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch Jezus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɪə̯sœs/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Jesus
* Jesus

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish Jesús.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Je‧sus

### Proper noun

Jesus
* a male given name

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈje̝ːsus]

### Proper noun

Jesus
* Jesus (character in Christianity)

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yeshúa). See also Josva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeːsʊs/
* Rhymes: -eːsʊs

### Proper noun

Jesus m
* Jesus

#### Derived terms

* Jesuspápi
** jesuspápablomstur
** jesuspápadýr
** jesuspápalamb
** jesuspápaleika
** jesuspápaseyður

## German
### Alternative forms

* Jhesus, JEsus

### Etymology

From Middle High German Jesus, cognate with Yiddish יעזוס (yezus).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeːzʊs/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Je‧sus

### Proper noun

Jesus m (proper noun, strong, genitive Jesu or Jesus or Jesus')
* Jesus
    Synonyms: Christus, Jesus Christus

#### Related terms

* Jeses
* Jesses

#### Descendants

* → Hunsrik: Jesus

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* Yeesus (Wiesemann spelling)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Jesus, from Middle High German Jesus, borrowed from Latin Iēsūs, borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), borrowed from Hebrew ישוע. Doublet of Jesses.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeːsus/
* Rhymes: -eːsus
* Syllabification: Je‧sus

### Proper noun

Jesus m
* Jesus
    Synonym: Krist

### References

* ↑ Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “Jesus”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 85, column 2

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈi̯eː.suːs/, [ˈi̯eːs̠uːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈje.sus/, [ˈjɛːs̬us]

### Proper noun

Jēsūs m sg (genitive Jēsū); irregular, second declension
* Alternative form of Iēsūs

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (highly irregular), singular only.

### References

* “Jesus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

## Middle High German

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### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsūs.

### Proper noun

Jēsus m
* Jesus
** c. 1230, Wolfdietrich, MS H, 2nd half 15th c., in: Friedr. Heinr. von der Hagen, Heldenbuch. Altdeutsche Heldenlieder aus dem Sagenkreise Dietrichs von Bern und der Nibelungen. Meist aus einzigen Handschriften zum erstenmal gedruck oder hergestellt. Erster Band, Leipzig, 1855, p. 235:
    [...] wiltu gelauben an Jesum, den lieben herren mein [...]
** 13th century, David von Augsburg. In: Franz Pfeiffer (editor), Deutsche Mystiker des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts. Erster Band, Leipzig, 1845, p. 363, line 30f. Also quoted in: Georg Friedrich Benecke, Wilhelm Müller, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch. Erster Band. A – L, Leipzig, 1854, p. 271 (see "wallebruoder, walbruoder"):
    Got lieber hêrre Jêsu Kriste, unser getriuwer geverte in dirre wüeste und unser lieber wallebruoder in diesem ellende, bringe uns [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)
** first half of the 14th century, Nicolaus/Nikolaus von Straßburg, a sermon, in: Franz Joseph Mone (editor), Anzeiger für Kunde der teutschen Vorzeit. Siebenter Jahrgang (text from Pfälzer Hs. [Handschrift] Nr. 641 Bl. 63, b. bis zu Ende), Karlsruhe, 1838, p. 273:
    O min lieber herre Jesu Christe

#### Descendants

* Central Franconian:
** >? Hunsrik: Jesses
* German: Jesus, Jhesus, JEsus
** → Hunsrik: Jesus

#### See also

* Christus
* Krist
* Kristus

### References

* Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “JÊSUS”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
* "jēsus" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeːsʉs/, [ˈjeː.sʉs]

### Proper noun

Jesus (genitive Jesu)
* Jesus

### See also

* Kristus
* Gud

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* Jøsses, Jøss

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeːsʉs/, [ˈjeː.sʉs]

### Proper noun

Jesus (genitive Jesu)
* Jesus

#### Related terms

* jøss(es)

### See also

* Kristus
* Gud

## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈjɛsus/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈjɛsus/

### Proper noun

Jesus m pers
* a male given name

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “Jesus”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* Gzuis (Brazil, humorous)

### Etymology

Relatinised from Old Galician-Portuguese Jesu, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (yeshúa).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʒeˈzu(j)s/ [ʒeˈzu(ɪ̯)s]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʒeˈzu(j)s/ [ʒeˈzu(ɪ̯)s]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʒeˈzu(j)ʃ/ [ʒeˈzu(ɪ̯)ʃ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʒɨˈzuʃ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -us, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -uʃ, (intrusive j) -ujs
* Hyphenation: Je‧sus

### Proper noun

Jesus m
* (Christianity) Jesus Christ

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: ゼス, ゼズス
* → Old Tupi: Îesu

### Proper noun

Jesus f or m
* a male given name
* a female given name, shortened from "Maria de Jesus"
* a surname

### Interjection

Jesus
* (slang) Used to express surprise, excitement or exasperation.
    Jesus, o que foi aquilo?Jesus, what was that?

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Jesus.

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin Iēsūs. Compare German Jesus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeːsʊs/
* Hyphenation: Je‧sus
* Rhymes: -eːsʊs

### Proper noun

Jesus m
* Jesus
** 2000, Marron C. Fort, transl., Dät Näie Tästamänt un do Psoolme in ju aasterlauwerfräiske Uurtoal fon dät Seelterlound, Fräislound, Butjoarlound, Aastfräislound un do Groninger Umelounde [The New Testament and the Psalms in the East Frisian language, native to Saterland, Friesland, Butjadingen, East Frisia and the Ommelanden of Groningen], →ISBN, Dät Evangelium ätter Matthäus 16:Jakob waas die Foar fon Josef, dän Mon fon Maria; fon Maria wuud Jesus bädden, die die Christus (die Messias) namd wädt.Jacob was the father of Joseph, the husband of Maria; From Maria Jesus was born, who was called the Christ (the Messiah).

## Scots

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* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

### Proper noun

Jesus
* Jesus

## Swedish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Swedish Iesus, from Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ), a contracted form of יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (yəhōšúaʿ, “Joshua”). The form יֵשׁוּעַ (yēšū́aʿ) is attested in some of the later books of the Hebrew Bible (Ezra–Nehemiah). The Greek texts make no distinction between Jesus and Joshua, referring to them both as Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²jeːsɵs/, /ˈjeːsɵs/

### Proper noun

Jesus c (genitive Jesus, sometimes Jesu)
* Jesus

#### Usage notes

* The genitive form is Jesus in everyday speech, but especially in fixed expressions, the Greek-Latin genitive Jesu is often used, e.g. Jesu uppståndelse (”Resurrection of Jesus”), Jesu lärjungar (”Jesus’ disciples”) or Jesu lidande (”Jesus’ suffering”), etc. Compare the usage of Kristi and Kristus.
* In older religious texts and in hymns, the form Jesu is also found as a vocative, and more rarely the object form Jesum, although these have generally been replaced by Jesus in modern adaptations.

### References

* Jesus in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /heˈsus/ [hɛˈsus]
*** Rhymes: -us
** IPA: (obsolete) /siˈsus/ [sɪˈsus]
* Syllabification: Je‧sus

### Proper noun

Jesús (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜐᜓᜐ᜔)
* Alternative spelling of Hesus

### Proper noun

Jesús (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜐᜓᜐ᜔)
* (obsolete) Alternative spelling of Sisos