# ad infinitum
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad īnfīnītum (“to infinity”).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: ăd ĭn′fə-nī′təm
* (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA: /æd ˌɪn.fəˈnaɪ.təm/
* (Received Pronunciation, Scotland) IPA: /ad ˌɪn.fəˈnaɪ.təm/
* (Canada) IPA: /æd ˌɪn.fəˈnʌɪ.təm/
* (General Australian) IPA: /æd ˌɪn.fəˈnɑɪ.təm/
* (New Zealand) IPA: /ɛd ˌən.fəˈnaɪ.təm/
* (Scotland) IPA: /ad ˌɪn.fəˈnʌi.təm/, /ad ˌɪn.fəˈnəi.təm/
* (India) IPA: /æɖ ˌin.fiˈnaj.ʈəm/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌæd ɪnfɪˈnaɪtəm/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪtəm
* Hyphenation: ad in‧fi‧ni‧tum

### Adverb

ad infinitum (not comparable)
* Endlessly; for ever; neverendingly.
** 1984, Milan Kundera, part I (Lightness and Weight), chapter I, in Michael Henry Heim, transl., The Unbearable Lightness of Being, London: Faber and Faber, translation of Nesnesitelná lehkost bytí, published 1985, →ISBN, page 3:The idea of eternal return is a mysterious one, and Nietzsche has often perplexed other philosophers with it: to think that everything recurs as we once experienced it, and that the recurrence itself recurs ad infinitum!

#### Translations
## German
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad īnfīnītum (“to infinity”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ad in.fi.ˈni.tum/, [at ɪn.fiːˈni.tuːm]
* Hyphenation: ad in‧fi‧ni‧tum

### Adverb

ad infinitum
* ad infinitum (endlessly)
    Synonyms: in infinitum, endlos

### References

* “ad infinitum” in Duden online

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* in īnfīnītō, in īnfīnītum

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈad in.fiːˈniː.tum/, [ˈäd̪ ĩːfiːˈniːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈad in.fiˈni.tum/, [ˈäd̪ iɱfiˈniːt̪um]

### Adverb

ad īnfīnītum (not comparable)
* to or till infinity, to an unlimited extent, without restriction, everywhere, at pleasure

#### Descendants

* → German: ad infinitum (learned)
* → English: ad infinitum (learned)
* → Spanish: ad infinitum (learned)
* → Polish: ad infinitum (learned)
* → Portuguese: ad infinitum (learned)

### References

* “in-fīnītus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* infīnītus ¶4 in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “814/3”
* “infīnītus ¶2” on page 900/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* (abbreviation) ad inf.

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad īnfīnītum (“to infinity”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /at ˌin.fiˈɲi.tum/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: ad in‧fi‧ni‧tum

### Adverb

ad infinitum (not comparable)
* ad infinitum (endlessly)

### Further reading

* ad infinitum in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad īnfīnītum (“to infinity”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈad ĩˈfĩ.ni.tũ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈad ĩˈfĩ.ni.tũ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈad ĩˈfi.ni.tũ/

### Adverb

ad infinitum (not comparable)
* ad infinitum (endlessly)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:sempre

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin ad īnfīnītum (“to infinity”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌad infiˈnitum/ [ˌað̞ ĩɱ.fiˈni.t̪ũm]
* Syllabification: ad in‧fi‧ni‧tum

### Adverb

ad infinitum
* ad infinitum (endlessly)
    Synonym: indefinidamente

### References

* “ad infinitum”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10