# մխեմ
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

The root is մուխ- (mux-) as evidenced by the derivatives. Since Bugge usually connected with Ancient Greek μυχός (mukhós, “the inmost part of a place”), further also with Sanskrit मुख॑ (múkha, “mouth”), Proto-Germanic *smeuganą (“to creep, slip through or into”), Lithuanian smùkti (“to glide away”), Proto-Slavic *mъknǫti (“to move”), Latvian mukt (“knock off, slip”) but reconstructing a Proto-Indo-European source accounting for all these forms or even for Armenian and Greek alone is formally and semantically difficult.
We are likely dealing with a sound-symbolic formation.

### Verb

մխեմ • (mxem)
* (transitive) to drive in, thrust, force into
    մխել զձեռն ― mxel zjeṙn ― to stretch, to extend or hold out the hand
    մխել զձեռն յարիւն ուրուք ― mxel zjeṙn yariwn urukʻ ― to imbrue the hands in the blood of
    մխեաց զդաշոյնն ի լանջս նորա ― mxeacʻ zdašoynn i lanǰs nora ― he has plunged the dagger in his heart
* (transitive, metallurgy) to quench (to dip metal in water for hardening)
* (mediopassive, intransitive) to be driven, plunged into; to penetrate, enter; to meddle, get in; to begin, commence, undertake
    մխել բարկութեամբ ― mxel barkutʻeamb ― to be seized with rage, to be enraged

#### Conjugation

* rare
* post-classical

#### Alternative forms

* մղխել (młxel) — post-Classical

#### Derived terms

* անմուխ (anmux)
* աստուածամուխ (astuacamux)
* գիշամուխ (gišamux)
* գործամխիմ (gorcamxim)
* դաշտամուխ (daštamux)
* թեւամուխ (tʻewamux)
* ինքնամուխ (inkʻnamux)
* խառնամխի (xaṙnamxi)
* խառնամխիմ (xaṙnamxim)
* խառնամուխ (xaṙnamux)
* խորամուխ (xoramux)
* ծովամուխ (covamux)
* հանապազամուխ (hanapazamux)
* հոգեմուխ (hogemux)
* հրամուխ (hramux)
* ձեռնամխեմ (jeṙnamxem)
* ձեռնամուխ (jeṙnamux)
* մատնամուխ (matnamux)
* միջամխիմ (miǰamxim)
* միջամուխ (miǰamux)
* մխած (mxac)
* մխոց (mxocʻ)
* մխուն (mxun)
* մուխ (mux)
* յառաջամուխ (yaṙaǰamux)
* ջրմխեմ (ǰrmxem)
* սրամխեալ (sramxeal)
* վիշապամուխ (višapamux)
* քաջամուխ (kʻaǰamux)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: մխել (mxel)
* →⇒? Old Georgian: მო-მუხ-ვა (mo-mux-va, “to cut, injure”)

### References

* ↑ Bugge, Sophus (1893) “Beiträge zur etymologischen Erläuterung der armenischen Sprache”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (in German), volume 32, page 20
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մխեմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 353–354
* ↑ Meillet, Antoine (1935) “Les sourdes aspirées en arménien”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 36, page 111
* ↑ Meillet, Antoine (1936) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), 2nd edition, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 36
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 745
* ↑ Solta, G. R. (1960) Die Stellung des Armenischen im Kreise der indogermanischen Sprachen (Studien zur armenischen Geschichte; 9)‎ (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 188–189
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “մխեմ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 537a
* ↑ Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 475
* ↑ Clackson, James (1994) The linguistic relationship between Armenian and Greek (Publications of the Philological Society; 30), Oxford, Cambridge: Blackwell, page 182
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 987

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “մխեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 283b
* J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “մխեմ”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 991bc
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “մխեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 479b
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “մխիմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 479b