OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 完納
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wánnà
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˊ ㄋㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wánnà
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ ㄋㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wánnà
*** Wade–Giles: wan$^2$-na$^4$
*** Yale: wán-nà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wannah
*** Palladius: ваньна (vanʹna)
*** Sinological IPA : /wän³⁵ nä⁵¹/

### Verb

完納
* (literary) to pay (taxes)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 完 | 納 |
| かん Grade: 4 | のう Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

完(かん)納(のう) • (kannō)
* full payment, payment in full, paying all fees or money required or stipulated

### Verb

完(かん)納(のう)する • (kannō suru) suru (stem 完(かん)納(のう)し (kannō shi), past 完(かん)納(のう)した (kannō shita))
* to pay in full

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 完納し | かんのうし | kannō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 完納し | かんのうし | kannō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 完納する | かんのうする | kannō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 完納する | かんのうする | kannō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 完納すれ | かんのうすれ | kannō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 完納せよ¹ 完納しろ² | かんのうせよ¹ かんのうしろ² | kannō seyo¹ kannō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 完納される | かんのうされる | kannō sareru |
| Causative | 完納させる 完納さす | かんのうさせる かんのうさす | kannō saseru kannō sasu |
| Potential | 完納できる | かんのうできる | kannō dekiru |
| Volitional | 完納しよう | かんのうしよう | kannō shiyō |
| Negative | 完納しない | かんのうしない | kannō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 完納せず | かんのうせず | kannō sezu |
| Formal | 完納します | かんのうします | kannō shimasu |
| Perfective | 完納した | かんのうした | kannō shita |
| Conjunctive | 完納して | かんのうして | kannō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 完納すれば | かんのうすれば | kannō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# kimšti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kimśtei (“to cram”), apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *k⁽ʷ⁾emḱ- (“to cram”), but without any known cognates outside of Balto-Slavic. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *čę̑stъ (“frequent, dense”) (whence Polish częsty (“id”)); the past passive participle form of this verb, kim̃štas, is particularly close in form to the Slavic cognates.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

kim̃šti (third-person present tense kem̃ša, third-person past tense kim̃šo)
* (transitive) to stuff, to cram, to fill
    kimšti dešras - to stuff sausages

#### Derived terms

(Nouns)
* (verbal noun) kimšìmas m
(Verbs)
* (reflexive) kimštis

#### Related terms

(Verbs)
* kamšyti
* kišti
(Nouns)
* kamštis m

### Participle

kimštì (past passive)
* nominative masculine plural of kimštas

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kimšti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 244
* ↑ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “częsty”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna, page 78
* ↑ “kimšti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
# skifterë
## Albanian
### Noun

skifterë
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of skifter
# כוסברה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From כֻּסְבָּר (kusbár, “coriander”) +‎ ־ָה (“-á”), with the stem ultimately being borrowed from Sanskrit कुस्तुम्बरी (kustumbarī, “coriander”).

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ˈkusbaʁa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

כוסברה / כֻּסְבָּרָה • (kúsbara) f
* (uncountable) coriander, cilantro

### References

* Klein, Ernest (1987) “כֻּסְבָּר”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 281b
* Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 623a
* “כוסברה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# triazina
## Italian
### Noun

triazina f (plural triazine)
* (organic chemistry) triazine

### Anagrams

* zaratini

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /tɾjaˈθina/ [t̪ɾjaˈθi.na]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /tɾjaˈsina/ [t̪ɾjaˈsi.na]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: tria‧zi‧na

### Noun

triazina f (plural triazinas)
* (organic chemistry) triazine
# котировка
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kətʲɪˈrofkə]

### Noun

котиро́вка • (kotiróvka) f inan (genitive котиро́вки, nominative plural котиро́вки, genitive plural котиро́вок)
* (price) quotation; listing

#### Related terms
##### Borrowed

Close related:
* коти́ровать impf (kotírovatʹ)
** коти́роваться impf (kotírovatʹsja)
Other:
* кво́та f (kvóta)

##### Native

* кото́рый (kotóryj)
* кто (kto), что (što)
# kʰui³⁵
## Pela
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”). Cognate with Burmese ခွေး (hkwe:, “dog”) (from Old Burmese ခုယ် (hkuy, “dog”)), Old Chinese 犬 (*kʰʷeːnʔ, “dog”), Tibetan ཁྱི (khyi, “dog”), Nuosu ꈌ (ke, “dog”), Lisu ꓘꓶꓽ (kʰɯ̀, “(archaic)dog”), Naxi kee (“dog”), Tangut 𗘂 (*khjwɨ¹, “dog”), Japhug kʰɯna (“dog”), Horpa kə ta (“dog”), Jingpho gwi (“dog”), Mizo ǔi (“dog”), Manipuri ꯍꯨꯢ (hooi, “dog”) and Bokar i kiː (“dog”). Compare Lhao Vo kha: ~ lakha: (“dog”), Zaiwa kui, Longchuan Achang xui³¹ and Hpon tă kʰwìʼ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰui³⁵/

### Noun

kʰui³⁵ (Classifier tɔ³¹)
* dog

#### Derived terms

* kʰui³¹ la⁵¹ (“male dog”)
* kʰui³⁵ ka̠³¹ (“mad dog”)
* kʰui³⁵ mi̠³¹ (“female dog”)
* kʰui³⁵ taŋ⁵⁵ (“female dog”)
* lă.kʰui³⁵ (“dog”)
* lă̠.kʰui³¹ ta⁵¹ (“lunar eclipse (lit. “dog's eating the moon”)”)
* mjaŋ⁵⁵ kʰui³¹ (“wolf”)
* tɔ̃⁵⁵ kʰui³¹ (“pangolin”)
* tɛ̃³⁵ kʰui³¹ (“dhole”)
* ʃă.kʰɛʔ⁵⁵ kʰui³¹ (“hunting dog (lit. “meat-chasing dog”)”)

#### See also

* pɛ̃³¹ (“to bite”)
* ɣɛʔ³¹ (“to bark”)

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Guillaume Jacques, Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute (2014; Brill, Leiden)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
# つえ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of つえ – see the following entries. :
| 【杖】J | [noun] staff, stick, walking stick, cane, stave, strove, rod, wand [noun] something one leans on, a support [noun] a cane used for corporal punishment [noun] a particularly shaped stirring stick used to make New Year's porridge [noun] the stem of a pear [noun] (historical) a traditional unit of length [noun] (historical) approximately 3 meters [noun] (historical) seven 尺 (shaku, traditional Japanese foot) and five 寸 (sun, traditional Japanese inch), or approximately 2.3 meters [noun] (historical) a traditional unit of area [noun] (historical) one-fifth of a 段 (tan, traditional Japanese paddy size, roughly half of an English acre), or around 237m² Alternative spellings 筇, 丈, 仗 |
(This term, つえ (tsue), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as つえ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as つえ.) :
(The following entry does not have a page created for it yet: 棒.)
# 紅男綠女
## Chinese

| | | red; revolutionary; prosperityred; revolutionary; prosperity; bonus; popular | male | green | female; woman; daughter |
| trad. (紅男綠女) | trad. (紅男綠女) | 紅 | 男 | 綠 | 女 |
| simp. (红男绿女) | simp. (红男绿女) | 红 | 男 | 绿 | 女 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hóngnánlǜnǚ
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄌㄩˋ ㄋㄩˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hung$^4$ naam$^4$ luk$^6$ neoi$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fùng-nàm-liu̍k-ńg
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hóngnánlǜnǚ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄌㄩˋ ㄋㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hóngnánlyùnyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: hung$^2$-nan$^2$-lü$^4$-nü$^3$
*** Yale: húng-nán-lyù-nyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngnanliuhneu
*** Palladius: хуннаньлюйнюй (xunnanʹljujnjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /xʊŋ³⁵ nän³⁵ ly⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hung$^4$ naam$^4$ luk$^6$ neoi$^5$
*** Yale: hùhng nàahm luhk néuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hung$^4$ naam$^4$ luk$^9$ noey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hung$^4$ nam$^4$ lug$^6$ nêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hʊŋ²¹ naːm²¹ lʊk̚² nɵy̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fùng-nàm-liu̍k-ńg
*** Hakka Romanization System: fung$^ˇ$ nam$^ˇ$ liug ng$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fung$^2$ nam$^2$ liug$^6$ ng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuŋ¹¹ nam¹¹ li̯uk̚⁵ ŋ̍³¹/

### Idiom

紅男綠女
* young men and women in colorful clothes
** (Can we date this quote?), 黃連煜 (lyrics and music), “客家世界”:
       fùng-nàm-liu̍k-ńg fôn-fôn-hí-hí, khiên-sú nau-yòng-yòng [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
       Young men and women in colourful clothes are joyous, holding hands and bustling
# see-through
## English
### Alternative forms

* seethrough, see-thru (nonstandard, U.S.A.)

### Etymology

Deverbal from see through.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

see-through (comparative more see-through, superlative most see-through)
* Transparent or translucent; that can be seen through.
    If you are planning to wear a see-through dress, wear something underneath.

#### Synonyms

* (transparent): clear, diaphanous, transparent, sheer
* (translucent): diaphanous, sheer

#### Antonyms

* opaque, solid

#### Derived terms

* seekini
* see-throughness
* see-through fence

#### Translations
### See also

* hear-through
# grandcestor
## English
### Etymology

Blend of grand- +‎ ancestor, with the first element evoking grandparent.

### Noun

grandcestor (plural grandcestors)
* (humorous or nonstandard) A distant ancestor.
    Synonym: (rare) grandancestor
** 1906, Mrs. Burton Harrison, The Carlyles: A Story of the Fall of the Confederacy, page 4:I thought 'twould give it a kind of flavor, if I polished up your grandcestor's old cover with the family cress, to put over it.
** 2004, Jim Butcher, Blood Rites, Penguin, →ISBN, page 11:“Guardian dogs for some monastery in the Himalayas. Someone snatched them and came here. A couple of monks hired me to get them back.” “What, they don't have dog pounds in Tibet?” I shrugged. “The monks think their great-grandcestor was a divine spirit-animal ...”
** 2011, Dia Reeves, Slice of Cherry, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 128:Fancy knew that nose and those cheekbones. The woman looked the way Madda had when she was younger and less factory worn. The woman held out her arms. “It's been long since one of my own has seen me.” “Miz Cherry?” Fancy had to fight an insane urge to curtsy. Cherry shocked Fancy by taking her by the shoulders and kissing her cheek. Her touch was inhuman, cold and glassy like a porcelain doll, but after her initial flinch Fancy relaxed into her grandcestor's embrace.
** 2014, Kristina Townsend, FOX NEWS NUTS? (Unfair & Unbalanced for over 200 years), Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 12:A serious charge back then when bigotry was as natural to Southern Democrats as breathing. As a matter of fact, in political attack ads (Yes, they existed back then), Southern Democrats made cartoon drawings depicting Lincoln as a Negro, nicknaming him, “Abraham Africanus the First”. This may seem trivial to us today, but in the 1850s, if your greatgreat-great-great-great-great-grandcestor had one teeny weenie drop of African blood, you were considered a black person!
# unfrustrable
## English
### Etymology

From un- +‎ frustrable.

### Adjective

unfrustrable (not comparable)
* Not frustrable.
# Torre de Babel
## Asturian
### Proper noun

la Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel

## Catalan
### Proper noun

la Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel

## Galician
### Proper noun

a Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel

## Occitan
### Proper noun

la Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel

## Portuguese
### Proper noun

a Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌtore de baˈbel/ [ˌt̪o.re ð̞e β̞aˈβ̞el]
* Syllabification: To‧rre de Ba‧bel

### Proper noun

la Torre de Babel f
* (biblical) the Tower of Babel
# svabadākā
## Latvian
### Adjective

svabadākā
* inflection of svabadāks:
** locative masculine/feminine singular
** definite genitive masculine singular
** definite nominative/vocative feminine singular
# баранка
## Russian
### Etymology

From обвари́ть (obvarítʹ) +‎ -а́нка (-ánka). Compare Russian заварно́й (zavarnój) (заварно́е те́сто, заварно́й хлеб).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɐˈrankə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

бара́нка • (baránka) f inan (genitive бара́нки, nominative plural бара́нки, genitive plural бара́нок, relational adjective бара́ночный)
* baranka (a ring-shaped cracknel), bagel
    Coordinate terms: бу́блик (búblik), су́шка (súška)
* (colloquial) steering wheel
    Synonym: руль (rulʹ)

#### Derived terms

* бара́ночник m anim (baránočnik)

#### Related terms

* обвари́ть pf (obvarítʹ), обва́ривать impf (obvárivatʹ)
** обварно́й (obvarnój)

#### Descendants

* → English: baranka

### Further reading

* Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “баран”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
# はち
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はち – see the following entries. :
| 【蜂】S | [noun] [from 712] a bee, a wasp, a hornet or the like [noun] [from 1892] (slang, used by criminals) a window [noun] [from 1915] (slang, used by criminals) a police officer Alternative spelling ハチ |
| 【鉢】S | [noun] flower pot [noun] bowl, basin, pot, skull Alternative spelling 盂 |
| 【鈸】H | [noun] Buddhist cymbals Alternative spelling 鉢 |
| 【八】1 | [numeral] eight, 8 [noun] eight [noun] Short for 八の字. [noun] Short for 八兵衛. |
(This term, はち (hachi), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as はち, see Category:Japanese kanji read as はち.) :
# rattleweed
## English
### Etymology

From rattle +‎ weed.

### Noun

rattleweed (plural rattleweeds)
* Any plant of the genus Astragalus.
* Other plants
** Baptisia arachnifera, an endangered legume native to the United States.
** Clematis fremontii, a flowering plant in the buttercup family found in the United States.
** Crotalaria retusa, a flowering legume native to tropical Asia, Africa, and Australia.
** Senna covesii, a perennial subshrub native to the United States and Mexico.

#### Synonyms

* milkvetch, locoweed

### References

* ↑ “rattleweed”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# North American
## English
### Adjective

North American (not comparable)
* Of or relating to North America.

#### Derived terms

* North American ringtail
* North American wheel bug

#### Translations
### Noun

North American (plural North Americans)
* A person living in or originating from North America.
# forkorte
## Danish
### Etymology

From for- +‎ korte.

### Verb

forkorte (imperative forkort, infinitive at forkorte, present tense forkorter, past tense forkortede, perfect tense har forkortet)
* to shorten
* to abbreviate
* (mathematics) to reduce a fraction by dividing its denominator and its numerator by the same number

### Declension

activepassive
present
forkorter
forkortes
past
forkortede
forkortedes
infinitive
forkorte
forkortes
imperative
forkort
participle
present
forkortende
past
forkortet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
forkorten :

#### Antonyms

* forlænge

#### Derived terms

* forkortelse
* forkortning

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From for- +‎ kort (“short”).

### Verb

forkorte (imperative forkort, present tense forkorter, passive forkortes, simple past and past participle forkorta or forkortet, present participle forkortende)
* to abridge
* to shorten, to abbreviate
* (mathematics) to reduce a fraction by dividing its denominator and its numerator by the same number

#### Synonyms

* korte

#### Antonyms

* forlenge

#### Derived terms

* forkortelse, forkorting
* uforkortet

#### Related terms

* avkorte

### References

* “forkorte” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “forkorte” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
# まるC
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of まるC – see the following entry. :
| 【丸Cまるシー】 | [noun] the copyright symbol © Alternative spelling マルC |
(This term, まるC, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵
## Pela
### Etymology

From ja̠m⁵⁵ (“home”) + a³¹ saŋ⁵⁵ (“lord, host”) Compare with Lhao Vo yham sang, Zaiwa yvumsing, and Lianghe Achang ɑŋ³¹ ʂəŋ³¹ (“host, lord”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵/

### Noun

ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵
* lord, master
* host

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “master”): tʃɔn⁵⁵ (“slave; servant”)
* (antonym(s) of “host”): paŋ³⁵, paŋ³¹ va⁵⁵ (“guest”)

#### Derived terms

* ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵ mji̠³¹ (“hostess, female host”)

### Pronoun

ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵
* oneself
    ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵ a³¹ mu⁵⁵matters of oneself
    ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵ jɔ̃³¹ nuŋ⁵⁵one's own mother

#### Antonyms

* sŭ.pɛ̠⁵⁵ (“others, someone other than oneself”)

### Adverb

ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵
* by oneself
    ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵ xa⁵⁵ ɛ³¹ faʔ⁵⁵ kʰjɛʔ⁵⁵tea planted by oneself

#### Usage notes

When indicating “(by) oneself, on one's own”, ja̠m⁵⁵ saŋ⁵⁵ can be used both interchangeably with jɔ̃³¹ (which originally grammaticalised from the 3rd person singular personal pronoun) or jɔ̃³¹ pau³⁵ (“alone, on one's own”), or together with jɔ̃³¹.

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
# enjë
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* venjë

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *aignjā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”). Compare Sardinian eni.
From Proto-Indo-European: Old High German eih, Old Norse eik.

#### Noun

enjë f (plural enja, definite enja, definite plural enjat)
* English yew (Taxus baccata)
* stinking juniper (Juniperus foetidissima)

##### Alternative forms

* êjë — Gheg

##### Synonyms

* (yew): bërshen, tis
* (stinking juniper): venjë e bardhë

##### Derived terms

* urenjë
* venjë

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Albanian *agnjā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós.

#### Noun

enjë f (plural enja, definite enja, definite plural enjat)
* dairy goat

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “enjë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 88
* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “enjë ~ êjë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 88
# Epifanía
## Spanish
### Etymology

See epifanía.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /epifaˈnia/ [e.pi.faˈni.a]
* Rhymes: -ia
* Syllabification: E‧pi‧fa‧ní‧a

### Noun

Epifanía f (uncountable)
* (Christianity) Epiphany
# Oriental
## English
### Alternative forms

* oriental

### Etymology

From Middle English oriental, from Anglo-Norman oriental, Middle French oriental, from Latin orientālis (“eastern”), from oriēns (“rising (of the Sun)”), present active participle of orior (“I rise”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ɔːɹiˈɛntəl/, /ɒɹiˈɛntəl/
* Rhymes: -ɛntəl

### Adjective

Oriental (comparative more Oriental, superlative most Oriental)
* Of a pearl or other precious stone: having a superior lustre. [from 14th c.]
* (astronomy, astrology) Pertaining to the eastern part of the sky; happening before sunrise. [from 14th c.]
* (obsolete) Happening in the eastern part of a given place or location. [15th–19th c.]
* Pertaining to the regions east of the Mediterranean, beyond the Roman Empire or the early Christian world; of the Near East, the Middle East or the Far East, now especially relating to East Asia. [from 15th c.]
* Designating various types of aromatic tobacco grown in Turkey and the Balkans. [from 19th c.]

#### Derived terms

* AADAOPA
* Oriental Asian
* Oriental carpet
* Oriental darter
* Oriental dormouse
* Oriental fruit moth
* Oriental giant squirrel
* Oriental greenfinch
* Orientalism, orientalism
* Orientalist, orientalist
* orientality
* Orientalize, Orientalise, orientalize, orientalise
* Oriental poppy
* Oriental radish, oriental radish
* Oriental Region
* Oriental rug, oriental rug
* Oriental stork
* Oriental tobacco
* oriental tongue
* oriental turquoise

#### Related terms

* orientate
* orientally
* orientational

#### Translations
### Noun

Oriental (plural Orientals)
* A precious stone, especially an orient pearl. [from 14th c.]
* A member or descendant of the peoples and cultures of the Orient. [from 15th c.]
** 2022, Gabrielle Zevin, Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, Vintage (2023), page 200:He looked at her face. He ran his index finger down the bridge of her nose. “Exotic. The last one was an Oriental, too.” “Orientals are rugs and furniture,” Anna said. “Not people.”
* A lily cultivar of a widely varied group, with strong scent.
* (archaic) A person from the eastern region of a place. [15th–19th c.]
** 1848, National anthem of Uruguay
    Orientals, the Fatherland or the grave, Liberty or with glory we die!

#### Usage notes

* Use of the term Oriental to describe a person is considered dated and potentially offensive in North America.

#### Synonyms

See Thesaurus:Asian

#### Translations
### See also

* austral
* boreal
* Asia
* Asiatic
* East Asia
* Far East
* Middle East
* Occident
* occidental
* Persia
* Persian rug

### Anagrams

* Tirolean, relation, taileron, tenorial

## Dutch
### Noun

Oriental m (plural Orientals)
* an Oriental lily
# ホソノゲムギ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of ホソノゲムギ – see the following entry. :
| 【細野毛麦ほそのげむぎ】 | [noun] foxtail barley, Hordeum jubatum |
(This term, ホソノゲムギ (hosonogemugi), is the katakana spelling of the above term.) :
# svabadākos
## Latvian
### Adjective

svabadākos
* inflection of svabadāks:
** locative masculine plural
** definite accusative masculine plural
# pam⁵⁵
## Pela
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Burmese ပုံ (pum, “pile, to pile up”), possibly Tibetan ཕུང་པོ (phung po, “pile”), Nuosu ꁧ (bbo, “mountain, pile”), Nusu bɔ³³ (“pile”), Lisu ꓑꓱꓺ (pø̱, “heap, pile”), Naxi ba (“pile”), possibly Japhug rmbɯ (“to pile up”), possibly Tangut 𗪽 (*bur¹, “to gather”), Northern Pumi bu⁵⁵ (“pile”), Jingpho bum (“mountain, to pile up”), Proto-Karen *plomᴮ (“to pile up”), Chepang पोम्‍ह्‌सा (pomh sa, “to pile up”), Manipuri ꯄꯥꯝ (paam, “hilly terrain”) and Bokar pum (“to pile up”). Compare Lhao Vo bam, Zaiwa bum and Longchuan Achang pum⁵⁵.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pam⁵⁵/

### Noun

pam⁵⁵ (Classifier pam⁵⁵)
* mountain, hill
* pile

#### Derived terms

* pam³¹ tau⁵¹ (“mountain chief”)
* pam⁵⁵ ja⁵⁵ (“mountainous area”)
* pam⁵⁵ kja³⁵ (“to go down a mountain”)
* pam⁵⁵ kʰja⁵⁵ (“mountain road”)
* pam⁵⁵ mau³¹ (“mountainous area”)
* pam⁵⁵ nja̠u̠k⁵⁵ (“mountain top”)
* pam⁵⁵ taʔ³¹ (“to climb a mountain”)
* pam⁵⁵ va⁵⁵ (“ mountain village”)

### Classifier

pam⁵⁵
* numeral classifier for mountains and objects organised in piles
    mø⁵⁵ʃa⁵⁵ tă.pam⁵⁵a pile of sand

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Guillaume Jacques, Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute (2014; Brill, Leiden)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)