# warder
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)də(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English warder, wardere, perhaps in part continuing Old English weardere (“one who holds a country; inhabitant”), from Proto-West Germanic *wardārī (“guard, follower, watchman, lookout”), equivalent to ward +‎ -er. Cognate with Dutch waarder (“inspector”), German Low German Wärder (“guard, watchman”), German Wärter (“guard, keeper, attendant”).

#### Noun

warder (plural warders)
* A guard, especially in a prison.
** 1594, Christopher Marlow[e], The Troublesome Raigne and Lamentable Death of Edward the Second, King of England: […], London: […] [Eliot’s Court Press] for Henry Bell, […], published 1622, →OCLC,:Kent. Mortimer, ’tis I. But hath thy portion wrought so happily? Younger Mortimer. It hath, my lord: the warders all asleep, I thank them, gave me leave to pass in peace.
** 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto First. The Castle.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza II, page 24:Above the gloomy portal arch, / Timing his footsteps to a march, / The warder kept his guard, / Low humming, as he paced along, / Some ancient Border gathering song.
** 1885, Richard Francis Burton (translator), The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night, Volume 5, 368th Night, p. 26,
    So the guards carried him to the jail, thinking to lay him by the heels there for the night; but, when the warders saw his beauty and loveliness, they could not find it in their hearts to imprison him: they made him sit with them without the walls; and, when food came to them, he ate with them what sufficed him.
** 1958, Chinua Achebe, chapter 24, in Things Fall Apart, New York: Astor-Honor, published 1959:Nobody else spoke, but they noticed the long stripes on Okonkwo’s back where the warder’s whip had cut into his flesh.
* One who or that which wards or repels.
** 1876, The China Review, Or, Notes and Queries on the Far East, page 79:The conspicuous position thus accorded to the cat as a warder-off of evil fortune seems oddly paralleled, though not imitated, by the place accorded to the same animal in popular European folklore.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English warder, wardere, also as Middle English warderer, warderere, probably a derivative of Etymology 1 above.

#### Noun

warder (plural warders)
* (archaic) A truncheon or staff carried by a king or commander, used to signal commands.
** 1595, Samuel Daniel, Civil Wars, in The Poetical Works of Mr. Samuel Daniel, Volume II, London: R. Gosling, 1718, Book I, stanza 62, p. 25,
    When, lo! the king chang’d suddenly his Mind,
    Casts down his Warder to arrest them there;
** 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene 3]:Stay, the king hath thrown his warder down.
** 1764 December 24 (indicated as 1765), Onuphrio Muralto, translated by William Marshal [pseudonyms; Horace Walpole], chapter III, in The Castle of Otranto, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Lownds […], →OCLC, page 91:If thou doſt not inſtantly comply with theſe juſt demands, he defies thee to ſingle combat to the laſt extremity. And ſo ſaying, the Herald caſt down his warder.

### Anagrams

* drawer, redraw, reward, warred

## Champenois
### Alternative forms

* (Troyen) gadier, gaidier
* (Langrois) gaidier
* (Rémois) wardeu

### Etymology

Inherited from Old French warder, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /wa(r).de/

### Verb

warder
* to protect; to guard
* to look at

### References

* Daunay, Jean (1998) Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎ (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
* Baudoin, Alphonse (1885) Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎ (in French), Troyes
* Tarbé, Prosper (1851) Recherches sur l'histoire du langage et des patois de Champagne‎ (in French), volume 1, Reims, page 109

## Old French
### Verb

warder
* (Old Northern French, Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of guarder

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

## Picard
### Etymology

From Old French warder.

### Verb

warder
* to keep