# 內

| 內 | U+5167, &#20839; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5167 |
| ← 兦 [U+5166] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 全 → [U+5168] |
| 內 | U+2F814, &#194580; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F814 |
| ← 㒹 [U+2F813] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 再 → [U+2F815] |

## Translingual
### Han character

內 (Kangxi radical 11, 入+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 人月 (OB), four-corner 4022$_7$, composition ⿻冂入)

#### Derived characters

* 吶 㘨 𢗉 納 芮 抐, 𰃠

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 125, character 35
* Dae Jaweon: page 267, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 97, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5167
* Unihan data for U+2F814

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 內
* Oracle bone scriptj13126j13127j13128j13129j13130j13131j13132j13133j13134j13135j13136j13137j13138j13139j13140j13141Bronze inscriptionsb08077b08078b08079b08080b08081b08082b08083b08084b08085b08086b08087b08088b08089b08090b08091b08092b08093b08094b08095b08096b08097b08098b08099b08100b08101b08102b08103b08104b08105b08106b08107b08108b08109b08110b08111b08112Small seal scripts03778Transcribed ancient scriptsL36369L36370L21837L21838L21839L21840L21841L21842L21843L21844L21845L21846L21833L21834L21835L21836
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 妠 | *nuːms, *nuːb, *rnoːd |
| 內 | *nuːbs |
| 笍 | *tnobs, *njobs |
| 芮 | *njobs |
| 枘 | *njobs |
| 汭 | *njobs |
| 鈉 | *njobs |
| 蜹 | *njobs, *lobs, *njod |
| 抐 | *nuːns, *nuːd |
| 納 | *nuːb |
| 衲 | *nuːb |
| 魶 | *nuːb, *noːb |
| 軜 | *nuːb |
| 蒳 | *nuːb |
| 豽 | *rnuːd |
| 肭 | *rnuːd, *nuːd, *nuɡ |
| 吶 | *nod |
| 焫 | *njod |
| 訥 | *nuːd |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 冂 (“city outskirts”) + 入 (“to enter”) – entering the city through its outskirts - inside, within.

### Etymology

Related to 入 (OC *njub, “to enter”); see there for more.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): nèi (nei$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄟˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nui$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): luī
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): luī
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): луй (luy, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): noi$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): nui$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): nui$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lui$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): nui
    (Hailu, HRS): nui$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): nui$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): nai$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): nō
* Eastern Min (BUC): nô̤i
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): due$^5$ / lue$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lāi / lǎi / lōe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lai$^6$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): lai$^6$ / nui$^7$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): nui$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$ne / $^6$noe / $^6$nei / $^6$ni
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lei$^5$ / lei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nèi
*** Wade–Giles: nei$^4$
*** Yale: nèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ney
*** Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /neɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nui$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lui
*** Sinological IPA : /nuei²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: luī
*** Sinological IPA : /luei⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: luī
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): lui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /luəi⁴⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: луй (luy, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /luei⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: noi$^6$
*** Yale: noih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: noi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: noi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /nɔːi̯²²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: nui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /nui³²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: nui$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ⁿdui³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lui$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lui¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nui
*** Hakka Romanization System: nui
*** Hagfa Pinyim: nui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /nu̯i⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: nui$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /nui³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: nui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /nuɪ⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: nai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /nai⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nō
*** Sinological IPA : /no⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nô̤i
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡɔy²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: due$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dōi
*** Sinological IPA : /tuei²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lue$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /luei²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāi
*** Tâi-lô: lāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lai
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lai³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /lai²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǎi
*** Tâi-lô: lǎi
*** IPA (Philippines): /lai³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lai²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lōe
*** Tâi-lô: luē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loe
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lue³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lue²²/
* lāi/lǎi - vernacular (etymologically 裡);
* lōe - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit內 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /nei⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /nei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /nei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /nei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ne⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /nei³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /luei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /nuɨ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /nuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /luei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /nei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /nei³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /nuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /nuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /nuei²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /luəi⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /le⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /nai⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /næ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /nɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ne²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ne̞³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /nei¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /nai²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /nɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /lə¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /lei⁵⁵/ /lei¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /nəi²¹/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /lui²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /nui⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /mui⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /nɔi²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /nui²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /nɔi²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /lue²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /nuɔi²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /no⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /lai³⁵/ 訓讀 |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /nui³³/ /lai³³/ 訓裡 |
* Middle Chinese: nwojH
Rime :
| Character | 內 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 奴對切 |
| Baxter | nwojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nuʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nuoi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nuɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nwəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /nuᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /nuɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /nuɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | neoi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[u]p-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*nuːbs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 內 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nwoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*nˁ[u]p-s/ |
| English | inside |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 內 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9381 |
| Phonetic component | 內 |
| Rime group | 內 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 内 |
| Old Chinese | /*nuːbs/ |

#### Definitions

內
* inside; interior; internal; inner
    Antonym: 外 (wài)
    室內／室内 ― shìnèi ― indoors
    內傷／内伤 ― nèishāng ― internal injury
    內戰／内战 ― nèizhàn ― civil war
    未來幾天內／未来几天内 ― wèilái jǐtiān nèi ― within the next few days
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Jūnzǐ jìng ér wú shī, yǔ rén gōng ér yǒulǐ, sìhǎi zhī nèi, jiē xiōngdì yě. [Pinyin]
    Let the superior man never fail reverentially to order his own conduct, and let him be respectful to others and observant of propriety - then all within the four seas will be his brothers.
* (obsolete) room; inner room
* (literary) court; imperial palace
* woman; wife
    內兄／内兄 ― nèixiōng ― wife's elder brother
    From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
    Jiānghú zhōng shuō nǐ shì tiáo hǎohàn, yuánlái shì ge jù nèi de yōngfū. [Pinyin]
    It is said in the rivers and lakes that you are a brave man, but it turns out that you are a husband who fears his wife.
* heart; mind; self
    內疚／内疚 ― nèijiù ― conscience-stricken
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Jiàn xián sī qí yān, jiàn bù xián ér nèi zìxǐng yě. [Pinyin]
    When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.
* (traditional Chinese medicine) internal organs
* (Buddhism) within Buddhism
    內典／内典 ― nèidiǎn ― Buddhist scripture
    內學／内学 ― nèixué ― Buddhism
* 65th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍆)
* (Teochew) family
* (Teochew) home
    伊無在內。／伊无在内。 [Teochew] ― i$^1$ bho$^5$ do$^6$ lai$^6$. [Peng'im] ― He/she is not home.
* (Internet slang) Alternative form of 那
    有內味了。／有内味了。 ― Yǒunèiwèile. ― That's the taste.
* (Philippine Hokkien) Classifier for servings / helpings of food.
       chi̍t lǎi chhài, nňg lǎi mn̍gh-phè, saⁿ lǎi tiám-sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       one serving of a dish, two servings of side toppings, three servings of snacks

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 裡面, 裡邊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 裡頭, 裡邊兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 裡面, 裡邊, 裡頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 裡面兒, 裡面 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 裡頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 裡面 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 裡面 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 裡頭, 裡邊兒, 裡面兒, 裡面 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 裡邊兒, 裡面兒, 裡頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 裡頭, 裡邊兒, 裡面兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 裡頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 裡頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 裡頭, 裡面 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 裡邊兒, 裡邊, 裡頭兒, 裡頭, 裡面 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 裡頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 裡面個, 裡頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 裡頭, 裡面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 後頭, 裡頭, 裡面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 裡頭, 裡邊, 肚裡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 裡頭, 裡邊, 裡面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 裡首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 裡頭, 裡面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 裡面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 裡面, 裡頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 裡頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 裡頭, 裡口, 裡身 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 裡頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 裡頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 裡便, 入便, 裡頭, 裡底, 裡面, 入面 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 裡便, 入便, 裡頭, 裡面, 入面 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 入邊, 入解 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 入面, 入便 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 入便, 入面, 耳後 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 入內, 內頭, 內便 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 裡頭 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 入便, 裡便, 入面 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 入便 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 裡頭 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 裡面 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 裡頭, 肚裡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 裡家, 內裡 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 內裡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 裡背, 肚仔, 肚裡背 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Changting | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 裡邊 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 內裡 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 裡交, 裡向 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 裡囊 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 裡背, 裡肚, 內肚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 裡背, 裡肚仔, 裡肚, 內肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 裡背, 裡肚, 內肚 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 裡背, 裡肚, 內肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 裡背, 裡肚, 內肚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 內底 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 裡背 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 裡肚 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 裡頭, 裡首 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 裡頭, 裡面, 黑裡 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 後兒, 裡頭 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 裡邊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 裡勢, 裡邊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 裡勢 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 裡勢 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 內面, 內底, 內頭, 內兜, 內角 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 內面, 內底, 內頭, 內壁, 內溝, 內角 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 內兜 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 內面 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 內面, 內底, 內頭, 內角 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 內面仔, 內底 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 內面 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 內面 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 內爿, 內底, 內交, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 內面, 內兜, 內爿 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 內裹 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 底爿, 內爿 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 底爿, 內爿, 內底 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 底爿, 內爿, 內底, 內面 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 內底 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 內爿, 內底 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 內 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 內面, 內 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 內 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 內 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 內, 內勢 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 入頭 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 裡頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 裡頭, 裡向, 裡向頭, 裡首 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 裡面, 裡向 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 裡向, 裡面 |
| Wu | Danyang | 肚裡 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 裡頭, 裡向 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 裡向, 裡頭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 底面, 底轉 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 裡面, 裡頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 裡頭, 裡面, 肚裡 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 肚裡, 底裡, 裡頭 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 底頭, 肚裡 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 裡頭 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 家 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 家 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 家 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 家, 屋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 屋頭, 家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 屋裡, 家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 家 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 家, 家頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 家 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 屋企, 企 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 屋企, 企 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 屋己 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 屋己, 屋 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 屋己 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屋企 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屋企 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屋裡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 屋 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 屋 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 屋家 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 屋下 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 屋下 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 家 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 厝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 厝 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 兜 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 兜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 兜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 兜, 塊 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 兜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 兜 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塊, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 塊, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 厝, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 厝, 厝內, 兜 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 內 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 內 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 內 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 內 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 厝, 內 |
| Southern Min | Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) | 內 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 內 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 厝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 厝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 厝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 厝 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 寮 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 寮 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 寮 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 寮 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 寮 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 寮 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 寮 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 寮 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 寮 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 寮 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 寮 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 寮 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 寮 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 屋裡 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 屋裡 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 屋落, 屋裡 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 屋裡 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屋裡 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 屋裡 |

#### Compounds

* 丁內艱 / 丁内艰
* 中文內碼 / 中文内码
* 五內 / 五内 (wǔnèi)
* 五內如焚 / 五内如焚
* 以內 / 以内 (yǐnèi)
* 充內行 / 充内行
* 內三關 / 内三关 (Nèisānguān)
* 內中 / 内中 (nèizhōng)
* 內丹 / 内丹
* 內丹功 / 内丹功
* 內主 / 内主
* 內亂 / 内乱 (nèiluàn)
* 內亂罪 / 内乱罪
* 內事 / 内事
* 內亞 / 内亚 (Nèiyà)
* 內人 / 内人 (nèirén)
* 內侍 / 内侍 (nèishì)
* 內使 / 内使 (nèishǐ)
* 內備 / 内备
* 內傅 / 内傅
* 內債 / 内债 (nèizhài)
* 內傳 / 内传
* 內傷 / 内伤 (nèishāng)
* 內兄 / 内兄 (nèixiōng)
* 內兄弟 / 内兄弟
* 內八字腳 / 内八字脚 (nèibāzìjiǎo)
* 內典 / 内典
* 內出血 / 内出血 (nèichūxuè)
* 內分泌 / 内分泌 (nèifēnmì)
* 內分泌腺 / 内分泌腺
* 內力 / 内力
* 內功 / 内功 (nèigōng)
* 內助 / 内助 (nèizhù)
* 內務 / 内务 (nèiwù)
* 內動詞 / 内动词 (nèidòngcí)
* 內勤 / 内勤 (nèiqín)
* 內卷 / 内卷 (nèijuǎn)
* 內參 / 内参
* 內史 / 内史 (nèishǐ)
* 內向 / 内向 (nèixiàng)
* 內含 / 内含 (nèihán)
* 內命 / 内命
* 內呼吸 / 内呼吸
* 內囊 / 内囊
* 內因 / 内因 (nèiyīn)
* 內地 / 内地 (nèidì)
* 內在 / 内在 (nèizài)
* 內地稅 / 内地税
* 內在美 / 内在美 (nèizàiměi)
* 內在論 / 内在论
* 內地雜居 / 内地杂居
* 內城 / 内城 (nèichéng)
* 內埔 / 内埔 (Nèipǔ)
* 內堂 / 内堂
* 內堂屋 / 内堂屋
* 內壼 / 内壸
* 內外 / 内外 (nèiwài)
* 內外交困 / 内外交困 (nèiwàijiāokùn)
* 內外交迫 / 内外交迫
* 內外夾攻 / 内外夹攻
* 內外姻黨 / 内外姻党 (nèiwàiyīndǎng)
* 內女 / 内女
* 內奸 (nèijiān)
* 內妹 / 内妹
* 內姊 / 内姊
* 內姓 / 内姓
* 內姪 / 内侄 (nèizhí)
* 內姪女 / 内侄女
* 內娣 / 内娣
* 內婚制 / 内婚制
* 內嫂 / 内嫂
* 內嬖 / 内嬖
* 內子 / 内子 (nèizǐ)
* 內孫 / 内孙 (nèisūn)
* 內學 / 内学
* 內宅 / 内宅
* 內官 / 内官
* 內定 / 内定 (nèidìng)
* 內室 / 内室 (nèishì)
* 內容 / 内容 (nèiróng)
* 內家 / 内家
* 內家妝 / 内家妆
* 內家拳法 / 内家拳法
* 內寒 / 内寒
* 內寢 / 内寝
* 內寵 / 内宠
* 內層 / 内层
* 內帑 / 内帑
* 內幕 / 内幕 (nèimù)
* 內幕消息 / 内幕消息
* 內府 / 内府 (nèifǔ)
* 內底 / 内底 (nèidǐ)
* 內府本 / 内府本
* 內庫 / 内库
* 內廷 / 内廷
* 內弟 / 内弟 (nèidì)
* 內德 / 内德
* 內心 / 内心 (nèixīn)
* 內心戲 / 内心戏 (nèixīnxì)
* 內心深處 / 内心深处
* 內急 / 内急 (nèijí)
* 內患 / 内患
* 內情 / 内情 (nèiqíng)
* 內慧 / 内慧
* 內憂 / 内忧
* 內憂外患 / 内忧外患 (nèiyōuwàihuàn)
* 內應 / 内应 (nèiyìng)
* 內懷 / 内怀
* 內戚 / 内戚
* 內戰 / 内战 (nèizhàn)
* 內才 / 内才
* 內捲 / 内卷 (nèijuǎn)
* 內掌櫃的 / 内掌柜的
* 內撫 / 内抚
* 內收 / 内收 (nèishōu)
* 內收肌 / 内收肌 (nèishōujī)
* 內政 / 内政 (nèizhèng)
* 內政部 / 内政部 (nèizhèngbù)
* 內教 / 内教
* 內斂 / 内敛 (nèiliǎn)
* 內斜視 / 内斜视 (nèixiéshì)
* 內景 / 内景 (nèijǐng)
* 內服 / 内服 (nèifú)
* 內服藥 / 内服药
* 內朝 / 内朝
* 內柔外剛 / 内柔外刚 (nèiróuwàigāng)
* 內核 / 内核 (nèihé)
* 內標 / 内标
* 內毒 / 内毒
* 內毒素 / 内毒素 (nèidúsù)
* 內江 / 内江 (Nèijiāng)
* 內治 / 内治
* 內河 / 内河 (nèihé)
* 內流區 / 内流区
* 內流河 / 内流河 (nèiliúhé)
* 內海 / 内海 (nèihǎi)
* 內涵 / 内涵 (nèihán)
* 內港 / 内港
* 內湖 / 内湖 (Nèihú, “Neihu”)
* 內澇 / 内涝 (nèilào)
* 內焰 / 内焰
* 內煩 / 内烦
* 內熱 / 内热
* 內燃機 / 内燃机 (nèiránjī)
* 內爭 / 内争
* 內犯 / 内犯
* 內用 / 内用 (nèiyòng)
* 內疚 / 内疚 (nèijiù)
* 內痔 / 内痔 (nèizhì)
* 內皮 / 内皮 (nèipí)
* 內監 / 内监
* 內相 / 内相
* 內省 / 内省
* 內省不疚 / 内省不疚
* 內眷 / 内眷 (nèijuàn)
* 內知 / 内知
* 內碼 / 内码 (nèimǎ)
* 內視反聽 / 内视反听
* 內視鏡 / 内视镜 (nèishìjìng)
* 內秉堅孤 / 内秉坚孤
* 內科 / 内科 (nèikē)
* 內線 / 内线 (nèixiàn)
* 內線交易 / 内线交易 (nèixiàn jiāoyì)
* 內縴 / 内纤
* 內美 / 内美
* 內耳 / 内耳 (nèi'ěr)
* 內耳炎 / 内耳炎 (nèi'ěryán)
* 內聖外王 / 内圣外王
* 內聚力 / 内聚力
* 內職 / 内职
* 內胎 / 内胎 (nèitāi)
* 內腔 / 内腔 (nèiqiāng, “lumen”)
* 內膜 / 内膜 (nèimó)
* 內臟 / 内脏 (nèizàng)
* 內臣 / 内臣 (nèichén)
* 內臺 / 内台
* 內興安嶺 / 内兴安岭
* 內舉 / 内举
* 內艱 / 内艰
* 內苑 / 内苑
* 內荏 / 内荏
* 內華達 / 内华达 (Nèihuádá)
* 內蒙古 / 内蒙古
* 內蘊 / 内蕴
* 內虛外實 / 内虚外实
* 內行 / 内行 (nèiháng)
* 內行人 / 内行人 (nèihángrén)
* 內行星 / 内行星
* 內衣 / 内衣 (nèiyī)
* 內衣褲 / 内衣裤 (nèiyīkù)
* 內裡 / 内里 (nèilǐ)
* 內製作 / 内制作
* 內規 / 内规
* 內親 / 内亲 (nèiqīn)
* 內觀 / 内观
* 內角 / 内角 (nèijiǎo)
* 內角球 / 内角球
* 內訓 / 内训
* 內訌 / 内讧 (nèihòng)
* 內詳 / 内详
* 內調 / 内调
* 內諱 / 内讳
* 內變 / 内变
* 內資 / 内资 (nèizī)
* 內賊 / 内贼
* 內賓 / 内宾 (nèibīn)
* 內輔 / 内辅
* 內轉 / 内转
* 內造 / 内造
* 內逼 / 内逼
* 內道場 / 内道场
* 內遷 / 内迁 (nèiqiān)
* 內部 / 内部 (nèibù)
* 內野 / 内野 (nèiyě)
* 內銷 / 内销 (nèixiāo)
* 內錯角 / 内错角 (nèicuòjiǎo)
* 內長城 / 内长城
* 內門 / 内门 (Nèimén)
* 內間 / 内间
* 內閣 / 内阁 (nèigé)
* 內閣制 / 内阁制
* 內閣總理 / 内阁总理
* 內附 / 内附 (nèifù)
* 內陸 / 内陆 (nèilù)
* 內陸國 / 内陆国 (nèilùguó)
* 內陸海 / 内陆海
* 內陸湖 / 内陆湖
* 內障 / 内障 (nèizhàng)
* 內集 / 内集
* 內難 / 内难 (nèinàn)
* 內面 / 内面 (nèimiàn)
* 內顧 / 内顾
* 內顧之憂 / 内顾之忧
* 內鬥 / 内斗 (nèidòu)
* 內鬨 / 内哄 (nèihòng)
* 其內 / 其内
* 分內 / 分内 (fènnèi)
* 分內事 / 分内事
* 功濟宇內 / 功济宇内
* 南內 / 南内 (Nánnèi)
* 厝內 / 厝内 (chhù-lāi) (Min Nan)
* 反聽內視 / 反听内视
* 名聞海內 / 名闻海内
* 圈內 / 圈内 (quānnèi)
* 國內 / 国内 (guónèi)
* 國內新聞 / 国内新闻
* 國內法 / 国内法
* 國內要聞 / 国内要闻
* 在內 / 在内 (zàinèi)
* 圭內斯 / 圭内斯 (Guīnèisī)
* 場內 / 场内 (chǎngnèi)
* 塞內 / 塞内
* 塞內加爾 / 塞内加尔
* 境內 / 境内 (jìngnèi)
* 壽終內寢 / 寿终内寝
* 外剛內柔 / 外刚内柔
* 外厲內荏 / 外厉内荏
* 外圓內方 / 外圆内方
* 外寬內忌 / 外宽内忌
* 外寬內深 / 外宽内深
* 外弛內張 / 外弛内张
* 外柔內剛 / 外柔内刚
* 外王內帝 / 外王内帝 (wàiwángnèidì)
* 大內 / 大内 (dànèi)
* 好內 / 好内
* 委內瑞拉 / 委内瑞拉 (Wěinèiruìlā)
* 宇內 / 宇内 (yǔnèi)
* 安內 / 安内
* 安內攘外 / 安内攘外
* 室內 / 室内 (shìnèi)
* 室內植物 / 室内植物
* 室內樂 / 室内乐 (shìnèiyuè)
* 室內設計 / 室内设计 (shìnèi shèjì)
* 寰內 / 寰内
* 局內人 / 局内人 (júnèirén)
* 屋內 / 屋内
* 市內 / 市内 (shìnèi)
* 年內 / 年内 (niánnèi)
* 幾內亞 / 几内亚
* 幾內亞灣 / 几内亚湾
* 廣內 / 广内
* 影子內閣 / 影子内阁 (yǐngzi nèigé)
* 心內膜 / 心内膜 (xīnnèimó)
* 心內膜炎 / 心内膜炎 (xīnnèimóyán)
* 懼內 / 惧内 (jùnèi)
* 攘外安內 / 攘外安内 (rángwài'ānnèi)
* 方內 / 方内
* 暴內陵外 / 暴内陵外
* 月內 / 月内 (ge̍h-lāi)
* 服內生子 / 服内生子
* 林內鄉 / 林内乡
* 格溫內斯 / 格温内斯 (Géwēnnèisī)
* 河內 / 河内 (Hénèi)
* 海內 / 海内 (hǎinèi)
* 海內一統 / 海内一统 (hǎinèi yītǒng)
* 海內無雙 / 海内无双
* 湖內 / 湖内 (Húnèi)
* 瀨戶內海 / 濑户内海 (Làihù Nèihǎi)
* 界內球 / 界内球
* 白內障 / 白内障 (báinèizhàng)
* 直內方外 / 直内方外
* 看守內閣 / 看守内阁
* 眉睫之內 / 眉睫之内
* 眼內無珠 / 眼内无珠
* 細內 / 细内
* 綠內障 / 绿内障 (lǜnèizhàng)
* 聯合內閣 / 联合内阁
* 聯立內閣 / 联立内阁
* 臥內 / 卧内 (wònèi)
* 色厲內荏 / 色厉内荏 (sèlìnèirěn)
* 衙內 / 衙内
* 責任內閣 / 责任内阁
* 賤內 / 贱内 (jiànnèi)
* 賢內助 / 贤内助 (xiánnèizhù)
* 走內線 / 走内线
* 超然內閣 / 超然内阁
* 返躬內省 / 返躬内省
* 過渡內閣 / 过渡内阁
* 銘感五內 / 铭感五内
* 鋒芒內斂 / 锋芒内敛
* 關內 / 关内 (guānnèi)
* 關內侯 / 关内侯
* 院內感染 / 院内感染 (yuànnèi gǎnrǎn)
* 雞內金 / 鸡内金 (jīnèijīn)
* 顱內壓 / 颅内压 (lúnèiyā)
* 體內受精 / 体内受精
* 體內美容 / 体内美容
* 黃帝內經 / 黄帝内经
* 黨內初選 / 党内初选

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 内(ない) (nai)
* → Korean: 내(內) (nae)
* → Vietnamese: nội (內)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nà (na$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naap$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nà
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nà
*** Wade–Giles: na$^4$
*** Yale: nà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nah
*** Palladius: на (na)
*** Sinological IPA : /nä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naap$^6$
*** Yale: naahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːp̚²/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[u]p/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 內 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nà |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nop › |
| Old Chinese | /*nˁ[u]p/ |
| English | bring or send in |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||

#### Definitions

內
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to enter
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 納／纳 (nà, “to pay”).

#### Compounds

* 周內 / 周内

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 内 |
| Kyūjitai | 內 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 内)
* Kyūjitai form of 内

#### Readings

* Go-on: ない (nai)
* Kan-on: だい (dai)
* Kun: うち (uchi)、いる (iru)、いれる (ireru)

#### Usage notes

This character is usually not used in Japanese and lacks JIS support. The variant 内 (U+5185) is used instead.

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 內 (MC nwojH).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 뇡〮 (Yale: nwóy) | 뇡〮 (Yale: nwóy) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 안〮 (Yale: án) | ᄂᆡ〯 (Yale: nǒy) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [nɛ(ː)] ~ [ne̞(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [내(ː)/네(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

內 (eumhun 안 내 (an nae))
* hanja form of 내 (“inside; within”) [dependent noun; prefix]

#### Compounds

* 가내 (家內, ganae)
* 국내 (國內, gungnae)
* 내각 (內閣, naegak)
* 내강 (內腔, naegang)
* 내과 (內科, naegwa)
* 내란 (內亂, naeran)
* 내륙 (內陸, naeryuk)
* 내부 (內部, naebu)
* 내수 (內需, naesu)
* 내시경 (內視鏡, naesigyeong)
* 내외 (內外, nae'oe)
* 내용 (內容, naeyong)
* 내장 (內臟, naejang)
* 내전 (內戰, naejeon)
* 내칙 (內則, naechik)
* 시내 (市內, sinae)
* 실내 (室內, sillae)
* 안내 (案內, annae)
* 이내 (以內, inae)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

內: Hán Nôm readings: nội

### Noun

內 • (nội)
* chữ Hán form of nội.
** in; inside; within
** inside one's heart; internal; psychological
** imperial palace; royal court
** wife (and concubine)
** woman; a woman's beauty
** bedroom; room
** internal organs; entrails, bowels, guts
** a surname

#### Compounds

* 內閣 (“nội các”)
* 國內 (“quốc nội”)
* 殺內 (“sát nội”)
* 河內 (“Hà Nội”)
* 賢內 (“hiền nội”)
* 賤內 (“tiện nội”)