# end
## English
### Alternative forms

* ende (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English ende, from Old English ende, from Proto-West Germanic *andī, from Proto-Germanic *andijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entíos, from *h₂ent- (“front, forehead”).
See also Dutch einde, German Ende, Norwegian ende, Swedish ände; also Old Irish ét (“end, point”), Latin antiae (“forelock”), Albanian anë (“side”), Ancient Greek ἀντίος (antíos, “opposite”), Sanskrit अन्त्य (antya, “last”). More at and and anti-.
The verb is from Middle English enden, endien, from Old English endian (“to end, to make an end of, complete, finish, abolish, destroy, come to an end, die”), from Proto-Germanic *andijōną (“to finish, end”), denominative from *andijaz.

### Pronunciation

* enPR: ĕnd, IPA: /ɛnd/
* Audio (Received Pronunciation); “to end”:(file)
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* (dialectal, obsolete) enPR: ēnd, IPA: /iːnd/
* (pin–pen merger) IPA: /ɪnd/
* Homophone: Ind (pin–pen merger)
* Rhymes: -ɛnd, -ɪnd

### Noun

end (plural ends)
* The terminal point of something in space or time.
** 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:they followed him... into a sort of a central hall; out of which they could dimly see other long tunnel-like passages branching, passages mysterious and without apparent end.
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter IV, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:I told him about everything I could think of; and what I couldn't think of he did. He asked about six questions during my yarn, but every question had a point to it. At the end he bowed and thanked me once more. As a thanker he was main-truck high; I never see anybody so polite.
    At the end of the garden there was a beautiful fountain.
    At the end of the story, the main characters fall in love.
* (by extension) The cessation of an effort, activity, state, or motion.
    Is there no end to this madness?
** 1986, The Army Communicator, volume 11, number 2, page 46:The new electronic switching system means expanded service and an end to irritances such as cross-talk, line-hum, and being cut off in mid-conversation.
* (by extension) Death.
    He met a terrible end in the jungle.
    I hope the end comes quickly.
** c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:Confound your hidden falsehood, and award / Either of you to be the other's end.
** 1732, Alexander Pope, (epitaph) On Mr. Gay, in Westminster Abbey:
    A safe companion and an easy friend / Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end.
* The most extreme point of an object, especially one that is longer than it is wide.
    Hold the string at both ends.
    My father always sat at the end of the table nearest the kitchen.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 22:27:All the ends of the woꝛld ſhall remember, and turne vnto the Lord: and all the kinreds of the nations ſhall woꝛſhip befoꝛe thee.
* Result.
** 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:O that a man might know / The end of this day's business ere it come!
** 1876, Great Britain. Public Record Office, John Sherren Brewer, Robert Henry Brodie, James Gairdner, Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, of the Reign of Henry VIII (volume 4, issue 3, part 2, page 3154)
    The end was that he was thought an archfool.
* A purpose, goal, or aim.
    Synonym: purpose
    For what end should I toil?
    The end of our club is to advance conversation and friendship.
** 1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe: A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1676, →OCLC, Act III:But, losing her, the End of Living lose.
** 1825, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Aids to Reflection in the Formation of a Manly Character, Aphorism VI, page 146:When every man is his own end, all things will come to a bad end.
** 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21:There is a long argument to prove that foreign conquest is not the end of the State, showing that many people took the imperialist view.
* (cricket) One of the two parts of the ground used as a descriptive name for half of the ground.
    The Pavillion End
* (American football) The position at the end of either the offensive or defensive line, a tight end, a split end, a defensive end.
** 1925, F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1953, →ISBN, →OCLC:Her husband, among various physical accomplishments, had been one of the most powerful ends that ever played football at New Haven […] .
* (curling) A period of play in which each team throws eight rocks, two per player, in alternating fashion.
* (mathematics) An ideal point of a graph or other complex. See End (graph theory)
* That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap.
    odds and ends
** c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:I clothe my naked villainy / With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ, / And seem a saint, when most I play the devil.
* One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.
* (in the plural, slang, African-American Vernacular) Money.
    Don't give them your ends. You jack that shit!

#### Synonyms

* (final point in space or time): conclusion, limit, terminus, termination
* See also Thesaurus:goal

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “final point of something”): beginning, start

#### Hyponyms

* big end
* bitter end
* living end
* loose end
* rear end
* split end
* the end
* tight end
* weekend
* world's end
* Audley End
* Bar End
* Bourne End
* Bridge End, Bridgend
* Church End
* Cliffsend, Cliffs End
* Crouch End
* East End
* Elmers End
* Four Lane Ends
* Hale End
* Hatch End
* Heath End
* Hedge End
* Hulme End
* Hundred End
* Knott End, Knott End-on-Sea
* Land's End
* Lane End
* Lane Ends
* Mile End
* Mill End
* North End
* Park End, Parkend
* Ponders End
* Princes End
* Rood End
* Shenley Church End
* Streetly End
* Town End, Townend
* Wallsend
* Well End
* West End
* Whitlock's End
* Wood End, Woodend
* World's End
* Wreaks End

#### Derived terms

* 3′ end
* 5′ end
* abend
* all ends up
* all good things come to an end
* all good things must come to an end
* anend
* arse end
* Arse-end Charlie
* arse end of nowhere
* at a loose end
* at loose ends
* at one's fingers' ends
* at the end of one's tether
* at the end of the day
* at the receiving end
* back end
* back-end
* backend
* baulk end
* beam-ends
* begin at the wrong end
* beginning of the end
* bell-end
* bell end
* big end of town
* blank end
* bookend
* bottom-end
* bring an end to
* bring to an end
* burn one's candle at both ends
* burnt ends
* burn the candle at both ends
* business end
* butt end
* by-end
* candle-end
* cigarette end
* closed-end fund
* cod end
* coend
* come to an end
* come to a sticky end
* dead-end
* deadend
* dead end
* deep end
* dog-end
* double-end
* draw to an end
* end artery
* endband
* endblown
* endboard
* end board
* endbox
* endbrain
* endbud
* endbulb
* end-button
* end button
* endcap
* end cap
* end-consumer
* end consumer
* endcourt
* end credits
* end-Cretaceous
* -ended
* end-effector
* ender
* end-feel
* end feel
* end-feet
* end-foot
* end for end
* endful
* end game
* endgame
* end-game
* endgate
* end goal
* end grain
* endif
* end in itself
* endism
* end item
* endknot
* end lap
* endleaf
* end-leaf
* endless
* endlike
* end line
* endling
* endloader
* end lockdown
* endly
* endman
* end mark
* endmatcher
* end matter
* end-member
* end member
* endmember
* endmill
* end moraine
* endmost
* end-node
* endnote
* endo
* end of
* end of day
* End of Days
* end of discussion
* end of history
* end-of-history illusion
* end of life
* end-of-life
* end of quote
* end of story
* end of terrace
* end of the day
* end of the line
* end-of-the-pier
* end of the rainbow
* end of the road
* end of the world
* end-of-train
* end of watch
* end on
* end-on
* end-on-end
* end organ
* end-organ
* endpaper
* endpiece
* end piece
* endpin
* endplate
* endplay
* end point, endpoint
* end product
* end quote
* end result
* end rhyme
* end run
* endsay
* end-scraper
* endscraper
* endsheet
* end slate
* ends of the earth
* ends of the world
* endsome
* endspan
* endspeech
* endstage
* end state
* endstation
* endstone
* end table
* endtime
* end times
* end titles
* end-to-end
* end-Triassic mass extinction
* end user
* end-user license agreement
* end user license agreement
* endward
* endwards
* endways
* endwise
* endwork
* end zone
* every stick has two ends
* extra ends
* face like the back end of a bus
* fag-end
* fag end
* follow someone to the ends of the earth
* follow someone to the ends of the world
* fore-end
* forend
* from beginning to end
* front-end
* front end
* front-end loader
* front end loader
* front-end processor
* fuzzy end of the lollipop
* gable end
* game-end
* genetic dead end
* get one's end away
* get one's end in
* get on the end of
* go to the ends of the earth
* go to the ends of the world
* headend
* hear the end of it
* high-end
* high end
* hold up one's end
* hot end
* idiot end
* in at the deep end
* in the end
* keep one's end up
* knob end
* knob-end
* know which end is up
* latter end
* light at the end of the tunnel
* like the back end of a bus
* live end dead end
* look beyond the end of one's nose
* look past the end of one's nose
* loose ends
* low-end
* make both ends meet
* make ends meet
* make someone's hair stand on end
* means to an end
* meet a sticky end
* meet one's end
* middle-end
* month's end
* most an end
* nob end
* nob-end
* no end
* nose-ender
* not know which end is up
* not the end of the world
* odds and ends
* off the deep end
* on end
* on one's beam ends
* on the receiving end
* open-end fund
* other end
* other end of the ball
* paired-end tag
* play both ends against the middle
* pointier end
* pointiest end
* pointy end
* put an end to
* rear-end
* rear-end collision
* rope's-end
* rope's end
* rough end of the pineapple
* scrag end
* scrag-end
* see beyond the end of one's nose
* see past the end of one's nose
* shallow end
* sharp end
* sharp end of one's tongue
* shoemaker's end
* short end
* short end of the stick
* show end
* small end of the wedge
* snitches get stitches and end up in ditches
* Southend
* Southend-on-Sea
* standing end
* stand on end
* sticky end
* stub end
* tag end
* tail-end
* tailend
* tail end
* the end justifies the means
* the end of one's rope
* the ends justify the means
* thin end of the wedge
* think no end of oneself
* this is the end
* thrombo-end-arterectomy
* through the wrong end of the telescope
* throw in at the deep end
* tie up loose ends
* tight end
* time of the end
* to no end
* top-end
* top end of town
* to that end
* to the end of the chapter
* to the end of time
* to this end
* to what end
* Townsend
* unend
* upend
* up-end
* warp end
* war to end all war
* war to end all wars
* waxed end
* wax end
* wax-end
* week-end, weekend
* well end
* wet end
* without end
* wit's end
* wits' end
* work both ends against the middle
* working end
* world without end
* wrong end of the stick
* yearend
* year-end

#### Collocations

* final, ultimate, deep, happy, etc.

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: エンド

#### Translations

Arabic: نِهَايَة (ar) f (nihāya), غَايَة f (ḡāya)
Egyptian Arabic: نهاية f (nehāya)
Moroccan Arabic: خر m (ḵar)
Armenian: վերջ (hy) (verǰ), ծայր (hy) (cayr)
Assamese: ওৰ (ür), শেষ (xex)
Asturian: fin (ast) m or f
Azerbaijani: son (az), axır (az), baş (az)
Bashkir: аҙаҡ (aźaq)
Basque: amai (eu)
Belarusian: кане́ц m (kanjéc), край m (kraj) (edge)
Breton: diwezh (br) m
Bulgarian: край (bg) m (kraj)
Burmese: အဆုံး (my) (a.hcum:)
Catalan: fi (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 結束 / 结束 (zh) (jiéshù), 末尾 (zh) (mòwěi), 端 (zh) (duān) (edge)
Chuvash: вӗҫ (vĕś)
Czech: konec (cs) m
Dalmatian: fain m
Danish: ende (da), afslutning (da)
Dutch: einde (nl) n, uiteinde (nl) n
Egyptian: (grḥ m)
Esperanto: fino (eo)
Estonian: lõpp (et)
Even: мудан (mudan)
Evenki: мудан (mudan)
Ewe: nuwuwu n
Finnish: pää (fi), pääty (fi) (usually in space); loppu (fi) (usually in time or when there is a "beginning")
French: fin (fr) f, bout (fr) m, extrémité (fr) f
Friulian: fin
Galician: fin (gl) m or f
Georgian: დასასრული (dasasruli), ბოლო (ka) (bolo), მიწურული (mic̣uruli)
German: Ende (de) n, Schluss (de) m
Alemannic German: Endi
Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 m (andeis)
Greek: τέλος (el) n (télos), πέρας (el) n (péras), τέρμα (el) n (térma), λήξη (el) f (líxi), άκρο (el) n (ákro) (edge), άκρη (el) f (ákri) (edge)
Ancient: ἄκρον n (ákron), τέρμα n (térma), τέλος n (télos), τελευτή f (teleutḗ)
Haitian Creole: fen
Hebrew: סוֹף (he) m (sof), קצה (he) m (q'tzeh, literally “edge”)
Hindi: अंत (hi) m (ant)
Hungarian: vég (hu)
Icelandic: endir (is)
Ido: fino (io)
Indonesian: akhir (id), ujung (id)
Ingrian: loppu
Irish: foirceann m
Istriot: feîn m
Italian: fine (it) f
Japanese: 終了 (ja) (shūryō), 終わり (ja) (owari), 終い (shimai), 端 (ja) (hashi), 最後 (ja) (saigo), エンド (ja) (endo)
Kapampangan: danggut, sepu
Khiamniungan Naga: thūo
Khmer: ចុង (km) (coŋ)
Korean: 끝 (ko) (kkeut), 종료(終了) (ko) (jongnyo)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: dawî (ku) f, talî (ku) f, dûmahî (ku) f, xilasî (ku) f, kutahî (ku) f
Ladino:
Hebrew: פ׳ין, קאב׳ו
Latin: fin f, kavo m
Lao: ຈົບ (chop)
Latgalian: beigys, gols m, pabeigys
Latin: finis (la) m or f, terminus (la) m, termen n, exitus m, extremum n, extremus m, peractio f, finalitas
Latvian: gals (lv) m, beigas f pl
Lithuanian: pabaiga (lt) f, galas (lt) m
Luganda: enkomelelo
Luxembourgish: Enn n
Macedonian: крај m (kraj)
Malay: akhir (ms), hujung (ms), هوجوڠ
Maltese: tmiem, għeluq
Manchu: ᡩᡠᠪᡝ (dube), ᠸᠠᠵᡳᠮᠠ (wajima)
Manx: arbyl m
Maori: hikutau (of a season), mutunga (conclusion), paunga (completion)
Mongolian: төгсгөл (mn) (tögsgöl)
Nanai: дуэ (due), модан (modan)
Neapolitan: scompetura f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: ende (no) m, slutt m
Occitan: fin (oc)
Oromo: dhuma
Persian: انتها (fa) (entehâ), پایان (fa) (pâyân), آخر (fa) (âxar)
Polish: koniec (pl) m
Portuguese: fim (pt), cabo (pt) m, término (pt) m
Romanian: sfârșit (ro), terminație (ro), capăt (ro)
Romansch: fin, fegn
Russian: коне́ц (ru) m (konéc), край (ru) m (kraj)
Sanskrit: अन्त (sa) m or n (anta), समाप्ति (sa) f (samāpti)
Sardinian: fine, fini, finis
Scottish Gaelic: eàrr m or f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: крај m
Roman: kraj (sh) m
Sicilian: fini (scn)
Slovak: koniec (sk) m
Slovene: konec (sl) m
Somali: dhammaad
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: kóńc m
Spanish: fin (es) m or f, lado (es) m, parte (es) m, extremo (es) m, punta (es) f, cabo (es) m, final (es)
Swahili: mwisho (sw), ncha (sw) class 9/10, tamati (sw)
Swedish: slut (sv), ände (sv)
Tagalog: katapusan, dulo (tl)
Tajik: охир (tg) (oxir)
Thai: จบ (th) (jòp)
Tibetan: མཇུག (mjug)
Turkish: son (tr)
Ukrainian: кіне́ць (uk) m (kinécʹ), край (uk) m (kraj) (edge)
Urdu: انت m (ant)
Venetan: fin f, tèrmine (vec) m
Vietnamese: chóp (vi), mút (vi), kết (vi)
Walloon: fén (wa) f, dibout (wa) m, coron (wa) m
Welsh: diwedd (cy)
West Frisian: ein (fy)
Yagnobi: охир (oxir)
Yiddish: סוף m (sof) :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

end (third-person singular simple present ends, present participle ending, simple past and past participle ended)
* (intransitive, ergative) To come to an end.
    Is this movie never going to end?
    The lesson will end when the bell rings.
* (intransitive) To conclude; to bring something to an end.
    The orchestra ended with a performance of Dvořák.
** 2005, Xah Lee, Learn Lojban Fast‎:cmene always end with a consonant followed by a mandatory pause (a period). No other Lojban word ends with a consonant.
* (transitive) To finish, terminate.
    The referee blew the whistle to end the game.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 2:2:And on the seventh day God ended his worke […]
** c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:If thou keep promise, I shall end this strife
** 1896, A. E. Housman, A Shropshire Lad, XLV, lines 7-8:But play the man, stand up and end you, / When your sickness is your soul.
** 1949 May and June, R. A. H. Weight, “A Short-Lived Pacific Class”, in Railway Magazine, page 196:So, subject to the salvaging of serviceable parts, all five were withdrawn for breaking up in 1936-7, and thus ended one of the shortest histories of an important locomotive class on record.
** 2013 November 9, “How to stop the fighting, sometimes”, in The Economist, volume 409, number 8861:Ending civil wars is hard. Hatreds within countries often run far deeper than between them. The fighting rarely sticks to battlefields, as it can do between states. Civilians are rarely spared. And there are no borders to fall back behind.

#### Derived terms

* all's well that ends well
* be-all and end-all
* be-all end-all
* endable
* end-all and be-all
* end-all be-all
* end in
* ending
* end in smoke
* end in tears
* end it all
* end off
* end one's days
* end one's life
* end out
* end up
* Father Charles goes down and ends battle
* my watch has ended
* neverending
* never-ending
* nonending
* September that never ended
* unend
* unending

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### References

* ↑ Bingham, Caleb (1808) “Improprieties in Pronunciation, common among the people of New-England”, in The Child's Companion; Being a Conciſe Spelling-book […] ‎, 12th edition, Boston: Manning & Loring, →OCLC, page 75.

### Anagrams

* DEN, DNE, Den, Den., NDE, NED, Ned, den, edn., ned

## Albanian
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *antis/t, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂n̥t-jes/t (“to plait, weave”).

#### Verb

end (aorist enda, participle endur)
* (transitive) to weave
    Synonyms: vej, vegjoj

##### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

##### Derived terms

* endem

### Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂endʰ-. probably from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos), or from Proto-Albanian *anda

#### Verb

end (aorist enda, participle endur)
* (intransitive) to bloom, blossom
* (transitive) to flyblow

##### Derived terms

* endëc

##### Related terms

* endë

### References

* ↑ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 166
* ↑ Orel, Vladimir. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary.p 62

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse en, earlier an, probably from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then”), like English than, German denn (“than, for”). For the loss of þ-, compare Old Norse at (“that”) from Proto-Germanic *þat (“that”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛn/

#### Conjunction

end
* than (in comparisons)
    Han er venligere end hende.He is friendlier than her.
    Han er venligere end hun er.He is friendlier than she is.

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse enn, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entí.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛn/

#### Adverb

end
* still (archaic)
    Thi end bestandig gælder de gamle, gyldne ord.For the old, golden words are still continually valid.
* (with interrogatives) no matter, ever
    Hvor man end er, kan man føle sig alene.Wherever you are, you may feel alone.
* even (in the modern language only in the combination end ikke "not even")
    End ikke statsministeren kan nå alt.Not even the primeminister can get everything done.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛnˀ/

#### Verb

end
* imperative of ende

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch ende (“end”) with apocope of the final -e.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: end
* Rhymes: -ɛnt

### Noun

end n (plural enden, diminutive endje n)
* (colloquial) Alternative form of eind
    De winkel is daar aan 't end van de weg. ― The shop is there at the end of the road.
    't Is nog een een end vanaf hier. ― There is still a considerable distance to travel from here.

### Anagrams

* den

## Estonian
### Pronoun

end
* partitive singular of ise

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English ende.

#### Noun

end
* Alternative form of ende

### Etymology 2

From Old English endian.

#### Verb

end
* Alternative form of enden

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛnd/, /ɛn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnd, -ɛn
* Hyphenation: end
* Homophone: enn

### Verb

end
* imperative of ende

### Anagrams

* den, ned

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

end
* imperative of enda

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /end/

### Conjunction

end
* Alternative form of and

## Vilamovian
### Etymology

From Middle High German ende, from Old High German enti.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

end n
* end

#### Antonyms

* ofaong