# 踐

| 踐 | U+8E10, &#36368; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E10 |
| ← 踏 [U+8E0F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 踑 → [U+8E11] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 踐 |
| Shinjitai | 践 |
| Simplified | 践 |

### Han character

踐 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 口一戈戈 (RMII), four-corner 6315$_3$, composition ⿰𧾷戔)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1227, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37608
* Dae Jaweon: page 1699, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3714, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8E10

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 踐
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 殘 | *zlaːn, *zaːns |
| 戔 | *zlaːn |
| 帴 | *zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd |
| 虥 | *zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns |
| 盞 | *ʔsreːnʔ |
| 醆 | *ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ |
| 琖 | *ʔsreːnʔ |
| 剗 | *sʰreːnʔ |
| 棧 | *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ |
| 輚 | *zreːnʔ, *zraːns |
| 嶘 | *zreːnʔ |
| 錢 | *ʔslenʔ, *zlen |
| 俴 | *ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ |
| 籛 | *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn |
| 淺 | *sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn |
| 濺 | *ʔsens, *ʔseːn |
| 踐 | *zlenʔ |
| 諓 | *zlenʔ, *zlens |
| 餞 | *zlenʔ, *zlens |
| 賤 | *zlens |
| 綫 | *slens |
| 箋 | *ʔsleːn |
| 牋 | *ʔsleːn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlenʔ): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).
According to 学研漢和大字典 (Kenkyūsha Kanwa Dai Jiten), the 戔 is also to be interpreted in its meaning of “small” (see 戔戔／戋戋 (jiānjiān)), in which case this character signifies the act of walking in small steps, making it also an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cin$^5$ / zin$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhien
    (Hailu, HRS): cien$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciēng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zeng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiān / chiǎn / chán
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziang$^2$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$zhi / $^6$zie / $^6$jien
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cin$^5$ / zin$^6$
*** Yale: chíhn / jihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsin$^5$ / dzin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qin$^5$ / jin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːn¹³/, /t͡siːn²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhien
*** Hakka Romanization System: qien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯en⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cien$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰien³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciēng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sieŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cēng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiān
*** Tâi-lô: tsiān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cien
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiǎn
*** Tâi-lô: tsiǎn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chán
*** Tâi-lô: tsán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zarn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡san⁵³/
* chiān/chiǎn/chán - literary;
* chiān - vernacular (俗, Quanzhou).
* Middle Chinese: dzjenX
Rime :
| Character | 踐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 慈演切 |
| Baxter | dzjenX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjæn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zian$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]a[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zlenʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 踐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzjen$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[dz]a[n]ʔ/ |
| English | tread, trample |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 踐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6004 |
| Phonetic component | 戔 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 踐 |
| Old Chinese | /*zlenʔ/ |

### Definitions

踐
* to trample; to tread upon; to walk on
* to ascend (to the throne); to inherit
* to implement; to carry out; to fulfil
* to follow; to abide by
* to experience
* orderly; well-organised

### Compounds

* 作踐 / 作践
* 勾踐 / 勾践
* 句踐 / 句践
* 句踐復國 / 句践复国
* 實踐 / 实践 (shíjiàn)
* 實踐大學 / 实践大学
* 混踐 / 混践
* 淹踐 / 淹践
* 言不踐行 / 言不践行
* 踐冰 / 践冰
* 踐冰履炭 / 践冰履炭
* 踐履 / 践履
* 踐極 / 践极
* 踐石 / 践石
* 踐祚 / 践祚 (jiànzuò)
* 踐約 / 践约 (jiànyuē)
* 踐行 / 践行 (jiànxíng)
* 踐言 / 践言 (jiànyán)
* 踐諾 / 践诺
* 踐踏 / 践踏 (jiàntà)
* 踏踐 / 踏践
* 踐阼 / 践阼
* 蹧踐 / 蹧践
* 躬行實踐 / 躬行实践
* 食毛踐土 / 食毛践土

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 践 |
| Kyūjitai | 踐 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 践)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: ふむ (fumu, 踐む)

## Korean
### Hanja

踐 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.