# 寵

| 寵 | U+5BF5, &#23541; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BF5 |
| ← 寴 [U+5BF4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寶 → [U+5BF6] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 寵 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𫳭 |
| Simplified | 宠 |

### Han character

寵 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 十卜月心 (JYBP), four-corner 3021$_1$, composition ⿱宀龍)

#### Derived characters

* 𠑙, 𰝳, 𨰧, 𡬈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 293, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7368
* Dae Jaweon: page 579, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 957, character 19
* Unihan data for U+5BF5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 寵
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 驡 | *ʔslaːŋʔ, *roŋ |
| 龐 | *broːŋ |
| 瀧 | *rroːŋ, *sroːŋ, *roːŋ |
| 籠 | *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ, *roŋ |
| 豅 | *roːŋ |
| 朧 | *roːŋ, *roŋs |
| 龓 | *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ |
| 聾 | *roːŋ |
| 礱 | *roːŋ, *roːŋs |
| 嚨 | *roːŋ |
| 蘢 | *roːŋ, *roŋ |
| 櫳 | *roːŋ |
| 襱 | *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ, *r'oŋʔ |
| 瓏 | *roːŋ |
| 曨 | *roːŋ, *roːŋʔ |
| 鸗 | *roːŋ, *roŋ |
| 蠪 | *roːŋ |
| 巃 | *roːŋʔ |
| 竉 | *roːŋʔ |
| 攏 | *roːŋʔ |
| 儱 | *roːŋʔ, *roŋs |
| 龍 | *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ |
| 躘 | *roŋ, *roŋs |
| 隴 | *roŋʔ |
| 壠 | *roŋʔ |
| 壟 | *roŋʔ |
| 寵 | *r̥ʰoŋʔ |
| 龏 | *kloŋ, *kloŋs, *qroːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *r̥ʰoŋʔ): semantic 宀 + phonetic 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chǒng (chong$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cung$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cuung$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhúng
    (Hailu, HRS): chung$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cung$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): tě̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): tṳ̄ng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): toeng$^3$ / tyeng$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): théng / thióng / chhóng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tong$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chǒng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chǒng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻung$^3$
*** Yale: chǔng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: choong
*** Palladius: чун (čun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^2$
*** Yale: chúng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cuung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhúng
*** Hakka Romanization System: cung$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chung$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰuŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊŋ³¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tě̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰœyŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tṳ̄ng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰyŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: toeng$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: tê̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰœŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tyeng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰyøŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: théng
*** Tâi-lô: thíng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: teang
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰiɪŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thióng
*** Tâi-lô: thióng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiorng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰiɔŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhóng
*** Tâi-lô: tshóng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhorng
*** IPA (Longyan): /t͡sʰoŋ²¹/
* théng - vernacular;
* thióng - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit寵 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰuŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fʰəŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fʰə̃n⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰoŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sʰoŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰoŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰoŋ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuəŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰuŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰũŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sʰoŋ⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰʌ̃³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰan³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂʰoŋ⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰuŋ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰuŋ³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃʰuŋ³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰuŋ³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sʰoŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰiɔŋ⁵³/ /tʰiŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰuŋ³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰœyŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰoŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /sɔŋ²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: trhjowngX
Rime :
| Character | 寵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丑隴切 |
| Baxter | trhjowngX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰɨoŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰioŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰioŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰuawŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰioŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭwoŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯woŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chǒng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cung$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*r̥oŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*r̥ʰoŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 寵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chǒng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trhjowng$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*r̥oŋʔ/ |
| English | favor, grace |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 寵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8448 |
| Phonetic component | 龍 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寵 |
| Old Chinese | /*r̥ʰoŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

寵
* to spoil; to pamper; to favour
    寵物／宠物 ― chǒngwù ― pet
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) respect; honour; glory
* favour; love
* favourite
    From: 2016 October 9, 賴昭男, 陸新創電商死亡潮？
    Xiànshàng jiàoyù, yě céngjīng shì xīnchuàng gōngsī de yīshí zhī chǒng. [Pinyin]
    Online education used to be a favourite of new companies at one point.
* concubine
    From: 1743, 蔣士銓 (Jiang Shiquan), 臨川夢, 雙噬
    Zhōu jiāngjūn qǐngzuò, wén nǐ xīn nà yī chǒng shèn měi, yǒurén yào ànsuàn nǐ, bùkě bù fáng. [Pinyin]
    Please be seated, General Zhou. I have heard that the concubine that you have taken recently is quite beautiful and that someone is plotting against you, so you must take preventive measures.
    From: 1827, 李汝珍 (Li Ruzhen), 鏡花緣 (Flowers in the Mirror), chapter 50
    Zhuōfū yìyù nàchǒng, zhēnshì miánsīmèngxiǎng, yǐ fēi yīrì, wéikǒng fūrén jiànguài, bùgǎn qǐchǐ. [Pinyin]
    My husband desires to take a concubine, which has really bothered me in my thoughts and dreams for more than a day, but for fear that my lady would take offence, I did not dare open my mouth about this.
    From: 1933, 茅盾 (Mao Dun), 子夜 (zǐyè) (Midnight)
    Dàn cǐshí tā xīn nà de àichǒng lǎojiǔ yě jiù tì tā huīhuò de kěguān. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (used in compounds) Short for 寵物 / 宠物 (chǒngwù, “pet”).
    愛寵／爱宠 ― àichǒng ― one's beloved pet
    萌寵／萌宠 ― méngchǒng ― cute pet
    異寵／异宠 ― yìchǒng ― exotic pet
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 假寵 / 假宠
* 光寵 / 光宠
* 內寵 / 内宠
* 受寵 / 受宠 (shòuchǒng)
* 受寵若驚 / 受宠若惊 (shòuchǒngruòjīng)
* 向寵 / 向宠
* 失寵 / 失宠 (shīchǒng)
* 嬌寵 / 娇宠 (jiāochǒng)
* 寵任 / 宠任
* 寵信 / 宠信 (chǒngxìn)
* 寵光 / 宠光
* 寵兒 / 宠儿 (chǒng'ér)
* 寵利 / 宠利
* 寵召 / 宠召
* 寵命 / 宠命
* 寵妾 / 宠妾
* 寵姬 / 宠姬
* 寵嬖 / 宠嬖
* 寵幸 / 宠幸 (chǒngxìng)
* 寵愛 / 宠爱 (chǒng'ài)
* 寵物 / 宠物 (chǒngwù)
* 寵異 / 宠异
* 寵祿 / 宠禄
* 寵秩 / 宠秩
* 寵綏 / 宠绥
* 寵貴 / 宠贵
* 寵貺 / 宠贶
* 寵辱不驚 / 宠辱不惊
* 寵辱無驚 / 宠辱无惊
* 寵辱若驚 / 宠辱若惊
* 寵遇 / 宠遇
* 寵錫 / 宠锡
* 專寵 / 专宠
* 席寵 / 席宠
* 得寵 / 得宠 (déchǒng)
* 怙寵 / 怙宠
* 恩寵 / 恩宠 (ēnchǒng)
* 恃寵而驕 / 恃宠而骄 (shì chǒng ér jiāo)
* 愛寵 / 爱宠 (àichǒng)
* 懷寵尸位 / 怀宠尸位
* 承寵 / 承宠
* 持祿固寵 / 持禄固宠
* 新寵 / 新宠 (xīnchǒng)
* 斷袖之寵 / 断袖之宠
* 榮寵 / 荣宠
* 權寵 / 权宠 (quánchǒng)
* 殊寵 / 殊宠
* 爭寵 / 争宠 (zhēngchǒng)
* 矜功恃寵 / 矜功恃宠
* 矜寵 / 矜宠
* 竊幸乘寵 / 窃幸乘宠
* 納寵 / 纳宠
* 繫臂之寵 / 系臂之宠
* 蒙主寵召 / 蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào)
* 蔽賢寵頑 / 蔽贤宠顽
* 被寵若驚 / 被宠若惊
* 要寵召禍 / 要宠召祸
* 譁世取寵 / 哗世取宠
* 譁眾取寵 / 哗众取宠 (huázhòngqǔchǒng)
* 貪冒榮寵 / 贪冒荣宠
* 貪榮冒寵 / 贪荣冒宠
* 貫魚承寵 / 贯鱼承宠
* 貴寵 / 贵宠
* 驕寵 / 骄宠

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𫳭 |
| Kyūjitai | 寵 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𫳭)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちゅう (chū)
* Kan-on: ちょう (chō)
* Kun: めぐむ (megumu, 寵む)、めぐみ (megumi, 寵み)

## Korean
### Hanja

寵 • (chong, ryong) (hangeul 총, 룡, revised chong, ryong, McCune–Reischauer ch'ong, ryong, Yale chong, lyong)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

寵: Hán Nôm readings: sủng, sũng, sổng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.