# ترنج
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj), أُتْرُجّ (ʔutrujj)

### Etymology

أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj) with epenthesis instead of prothesis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tu.rund͡ʒ/
* (Baḥrain) IPA: /trind͡ʒ/

### Noun

تُرُنْج • (turunj) m (collective, singulative تُرُنْجَة f (turunja))
* citron (Citrus medica fruit and tree)
* mandorla, citrus-shape for a center-medallion, or the medallion itself

#### Derived terms

* تُرُنْجِيّ (turunjiyy)
* تُرُنْجَان (turunjān)

#### Descendants

* → Amharic: ትርንጎ (tərəngo)
* → Middle Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
** Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
* → Catalan: taronja
* → Ge'ez: ትርንጐ (tərəngʷä)
* → Middle Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi)
** Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi), თრუნჯი (trunǯi)
* → Persian: ترنج (toronj)
* → Portuguese: toranja, toronja
* → Spanish: toronja
* → Sicilian: taroccu
* → Tigre: ትርንጎ (tərəngo), ትሩንጎ (tərungo)
* → Tigrinya: ትርንጒ (tərəngʷi)
* → Ottoman Turkish: ترنج (turunç, türünç), تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)
** Turkish: turunç

## Baluchi
### Noun

ترنج • (trunj)
* citron

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)

### Etymology

From Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tuˈɾunt͡ʃ], [tʏˈɾʏnt͡ʃ]

### Noun

ترنج • (turunç, türünç)
* bitter orange

#### Related terms

* ترنجی (türünci, turuncu)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: turunç

### References

* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ترنج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1162
* Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “ترنج”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 280

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj), itself from Old Persian [script needed] (turung) via Aramaic, ultimately from Sanskrit मातुलुङ्ग (mātuluṅga).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tu.ɾund͡ʒ], [tu.ɾand͡ʒ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰo.ɹond͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰo.ɹænd͡ʒ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ]

### Noun

ترنج • (classical turunj, turanj, iranian toronj, toranj)
* citron (fruit)
    Synonym: بادرنگ (bâdrang)
* (art) medallion created using rich arabesque patterns usually found in some artworks, especially that of a (Persian) carpet, an illuminated manuscript, or in Islamic tiles
** Resalat Newspaper,
    ترنج باید در مرکز فرش قرار گیردtoranj bâyad dar markaz-e farš qarâr giradThe medallion should be placed in the center of carpet [...]
** Goljaam Quarterly
    بررسی نقش نمادین ترنج در فرش ایرانیbarresi-ye naqš-e namâdin-e toranj dar farš-e irâniOn the Symbolic Role of Medallion in Persian Carpet

#### Derived terms

* ترنجیدن (classical turunjîdan, iranian toronjidan)
* ترنجی (classical turunjî, iranian toronji)

#### Descendants

* → Gujarati: તુરુંજ (turuñj), તુરંજ (turañj)

#### References

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ترنج”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* بررسي ريشه شناختي چند فعل هورامي