# 佛

| 佛 | U+4F5B, &#20315; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F5B |
| ← 佚 [U+4F5A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 作 → [U+4F5C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

佛 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人中中弓 (OLLN), four-corner 2522$_7$, composition ⿰亻弗)

#### Derived characters

* 𠲽, 梻, 𱏎, 𩎵, 𡌅, 𰂖, 𰂽, 𰃈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 99, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 517
* Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 140, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4F5B

## Chinese

* 佛 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 佛 (Cantonese)
* Hŭk (Eastern Min)
* Hu̍t (Southern Min)
* 佛 (Wu)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 佛 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Small seal scripts05732Transcribed ancient scriptsL26012L26013 ||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). ||
| | Old Chinese |
| 鄪 | *prɯds |
| 費 | *prɯds, *pʰɯds, *bɯds |
| 砩 | *pads |
| 沸 | *pɯds |
| 疿 | *pɯds |
| 茀 | *pɯds, *pʰɯd |
| 髴 | *pʰɯds, *pɯd, *pʰɯd |
| 昲 | *pʰɯds |
| 靅 | *pʰɯds |
| 狒 | *buds |
| 怫 | *bɯds, *bɯd |
| 胇 | *brɯd |
| 艴 | *bɯːd, *pʰɯd |
| 弗 | *pɯd |
| 紼 | *pɯd |
| 柫 | *pɯd |
| 笰 | *pɯd |
| 拂 | *pʰɯd |
| 刜 | *pʰɯd, *bɯd |
| 彿 | *pʰɯd |
| 佛 | *bɯd |
| 坲 | *bɯd |
| 咈 | *bɯd |
| 炥 | *bɯd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bɯd): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 弗 (OC *pɯd).

### Etymology 1

Ji (1998v7) considers it likely borrowed from Iranian (compare Sogdian 𐼾𐼴𐽂𐼷 (pwty), 𐫁𐫇𐫤𐫏 (bwty /⁠Pute, Bute, βute⁠/), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bwt'), 𐫁𐫇𐫤 (bwt /⁠But⁠/), Parthian 𐫁𐫇𐫎 (bwṯ /⁠But, Butt⁠/)), ultimately from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awakened, enlightened”, past passive participle), whence also 佛陀 (MC bjut da), but the Chinese morpheme 佛 is not a direct contraction or clipping of the latter.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fó (fo$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄛˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фә (fə, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fat$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fut$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fiit$^7$ / fiit$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fu̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): fud$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fud$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): feh$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): hō
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoh$^7$ / huoh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pu̍t / hu̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hug$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): bug$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$veq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fu$^6$ / bu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fó
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fó
*** Wade–Giles: fo$^2$
*** Yale: fwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: for
*** Palladius: фо (fo)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фә (fə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /fə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fat$^6$
*** Yale: faht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐt̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fut$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fut̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fiit$^7$ / fiit$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨt̚²/, /fɨt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: fud
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fut̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fud$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fut²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fut̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: feh$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /fəʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hō
*** Sinological IPA : /xo⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭk
*** Sinological IPA : /huʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hoh$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: heo̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huoh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pu̍t
*** Tâi-lô: pu̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: put
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /put̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /put̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hu̍t
*** Tâi-lô: hu̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hut
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hut̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hut̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hut̚¹²¹/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
** pu̍t - vernacular;
** hu̍t - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit佛 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fo³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /fɤ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /fo⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /fə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /fo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /fɔ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /fu¹³/ /fuə⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /fə⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /fɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /fu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /fu³¹/ /fəu³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /fu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /fu³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /fuʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /fəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /fɤ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /vəʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /vəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /vəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /vai²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /fu²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /fə¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fu²⁴/ /pu⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸu⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɨʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fut̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fut̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fɐt̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fɐt̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /fɐt̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hut̚⁵/ /put̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xo⁴⁴/ /xu²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /huk̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔbut̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: bjut
Rime :
| Character | 佛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 物 (60) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符弗切 |
| Baxter | bjut |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨut̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biut̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuət̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /but̚/ |
| Li Rong | /biuət̚/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭuət̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯uət̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fat$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b][u]t/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bɯd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 佛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjut › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b][u]t/ |
| English | great |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3324 |
| Phonetic component | 弗 |
| Rime group | 物 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 佛 |
| Old Chinese | /*bɯd/ |

#### Definitions

佛
* (Buddhism) Buddha; The Enlightened One
    佛陀 ― fótuó ― Buddha
    佛教 ― fójiào ― Buddhism
* (Buddhism) statue of Buddha
* (by extension) Buddhist scriptures
* (by extension) Buddhism; Buddhist doctrines

##### Synonyms

* (Buddha): 佛祖 (fózǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 仏(ふつ) (futsu); 仏(ぶつ) (butsu)
* → Korean: 불(佛) (bul)
* → Vietnamese: Phật (佛)
Others:
* → Chadong: fut⁸
* ⇒ Mongolian: ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ (burqan) / бурхан (burxan)
* → Vietnamese: Bụt (“Buddha; a wise and kind old man in folklore”)
* → Zhuang: baed

#### Compounds

* 一佛出世
* 一佛出世，二佛升天
* 一佛出世，二佛涅槃 (yīfóchūshì, èrfónièpán)
* 七佛
* 三世佛
* 三因佛性
* 三階佛法 / 三阶佛法
* 丹佛 (Dānfó)
* 主佛
* 五方佛 (Wǔfāngfó)
* 五會念佛 / 五会念佛
* 伊闕佛龕 / 伊阙佛龛
* 佛七
* 佛事 (fóshì)
* 佛位
* 佞佛
* 作佛事
* 佛來明哥 / 佛来明哥
* 佛像 (fóxiàng)
* 佛光 (fóguāng)
* 佛具 (fójù)
* 佛典 (fódiǎn)
* 佛剎 / 佛刹 (fóchà)
* 佛前佛後 / 佛前佛后
* 佛卡夏 (fókǎxià)
* 佛印
* 佛口蛇心 (fókǒushéxīn)
* 佛因
* 佛國 / 佛国 (fóguó)
* 佛國記 / 佛国记
* 佛圖 / 佛图
* 佛圖戶 / 佛图户
* 佛圖澄 / 佛图澄
* 佛地
* 佛堂 (fótáng)
* 佛場 / 佛场
* 佛境 (fójìng)
* 佛天三寶 / 佛天三宝
* 佛妝 / 佛妆
* 佛子 (fózǐ)
* 佛學 / 佛学 (fóxué)
* 佛家 (fójiā)
* 佛寺 (fósì)
* 佛山 (Fóshān)
* 佛心宗
* 佛性 (fóxìng)
* 佛成道日
* 佛戾
* 佛手 (fóshǒu)
* 佛手柑 (fóshǒugān)
* 佛手瓜 (fóshǒuguā)
* 佛指甲
* 佛教 (Fójiào)
* 佛教音樂 / 佛教音乐
* 佛日
* 佛曲
* 佛書 / 佛书
* 佛會 / 佛会
* 佛果 (fóguǒ)
* 佛桑
* 佛母 (fómǔ)
* 佛法 (fófǎ)
* 佛海 (fóhǎi)
* 佛燈 / 佛灯
* 佛爺 / 佛爷 (fóyé)
* 佛牙 (fóyá)
* 佛珠 (fózhū)
* 佛生日
* 佛眼
* 佛眼兒 / 佛眼儿
* 佛眼相看
* 佛祖 (fózǔ)
* 佛科擺 / 佛科摆
* 佛粥
* 佛經 / 佛经 (fójīng)
* 佛羅里達 / 佛罗里达 (Fóluólǐdá)
* 佛老 (fólǎo)
* 佛舍利
* 佛蒙特州
* 佛號 / 佛号 (fóhào)
* 佛誕日 / 佛诞日 (Fódànrì)
* 佛誕節 / 佛诞节
* 佛跳牆 / 佛跳墙 (fótiàoqiáng)
* 佛道 (fódào)
* 佛郎機 / 佛郎机 (fólángjī)
* 佛都有火
* 佛門 / 佛门 (fómén)
* 佛門弟子 / 佛门弟子
* 佛陀 (Fótuó)
* 佛青
* 佛頭著糞 / 佛头著粪
* 佛馱 / 佛驮 (Fótuó)
* 佛體 / 佛体 (fútǐ)
* 佛龕 / 佛龛 (fókān)
* 供佛 (gòngfó)
* 借花獻佛 / 借花献佛 (jièhuāxiànfó)
* 化佛
* 北方佛教
* 千佛塔
* 千佛山
* 千佛洞
* 南無佛 / 南无佛
* 即心即佛
* 即身成佛
* 原始佛教
* 吃齋唸佛 / 吃斋念佛
* 呵佛罵祖 / 呵佛骂祖
* 哈佛 (Hāfó)
* 哈佛大學 / 哈佛大学
* 大乘佛教 (Dàchéng Fójiào)
* 大佛 (dàfó)
* 孔佛
* 寶生佛 / 宝生佛 (Bǎoshēng fó)
* 念佛 (niànfó)
* 念佛三昧
* 念米佛
* 念豆兒佛 / 念豆儿佛
* 成佛 (chéngfó)
* 拜佛 (bàifó)
* 抱佛腳 / 抱佛脚 (bào fójiǎo)
* 揀佛燒香 / 拣佛烧香
* 歡喜佛 / 欢喜佛 (huānxǐfó)
* 毗婆尸佛
* 毗舍婆佛
* 求神拜佛 (qiúshénbàifó)
* 泥多佛大
* 活佛 (huófó)
* 浴佛 (yùfó)
* 浴佛節 / 浴佛节
* 濟公活佛 / 济公活佛
* 無量壽佛 / 无量寿佛
* 生佛萬家 / 生佛万家
* 番佛
* 白豆兒佛 / 白豆儿佛
* 萬家生佛 / 万家生佛
* 稱名念佛 / 称名念佛
* 立地成佛
* 綸音佛語 / 纶音佛语
* 繡佛 / 绣佛
* 老佛爺 / 老佛爷 (lǎofóyé)
* 著糞佛頭 / 著粪佛头
* 藥師佛 / 药师佛 (Yàoshīfó)
* 蛇心佛口
* 西藏佛教
* 西西佛斯
* 見在佛 / 见在佛
* 見性成佛 / 见性成佛
* 觀想念佛 / 观想念佛
* 觀音佛祖 / 观音佛祖
* 訶佛罵祖 / 诃佛骂祖
* 辟支佛
* 選佛場 / 选佛场
* 部派佛教
* 錠光佛 / 锭光佛
* 長齋繡佛 / 长斋绣佛
* 闢佛 / 辟佛
* 阿彌陀佛 / 阿弥陀佛

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see 彿. (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 彿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bì (bi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bat$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bì
*** Wade–Giles: pi$^4$
*** Yale: bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
*** Palladius: би (bi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bat$^6$
*** Yale: baht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐt̚²/

#### Definitions

佛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 弼 (bì, “to assist”)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Bì shí zǐjiān, shì wǒ xiǎn déxíng. [Pinyin]
    Assist me to bear the burden [of my position], And show me how to display a virtuous conduct.
* a surname
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Bì Xī yǐ Zhōngmù pàn. [Pinyin]
    Bi Xi is in rebellion, holding possession of Zhongmu.

### Etymology 4

Dialectal pronunciation of 服 (fú). Popularized by the streamer Sun Xiaochuan.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fó (fo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄛˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fó
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fó
*** Wade–Giles: fo$^2$
*** Yale: fwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: for
*** Palladius: фо (fo)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu̯ɔ³⁵/

#### Definitions

佛
* (Mainland China, Internet slang) Alternative form of 服 (“You win”)

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see 拂 (“to go against; to be contrary to”). (This character is an obsolete form of 拂).

#### Compounds

* 佛戾

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see 勃 (“prosperous, thriving”). (This character is an obsolete form of 勃).

### References

* “佛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “佛”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 仏 |
| Kyūjitai | 佛 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 仏)
* Kyūjitai form of 仏

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぶつ (butsu)
* Kan-on: ふつ (futsu)
* Kun: ほとけ (hotoke, 佛)
* Nanori: さとる (satoru)

### Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see the following entry. :
| 【仏】5 | [kanji] fifth grade kanji Kanji reading: ぶつ, ぶち, ふつ, ほとけ, さとる |
(This term, 佛, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 佛 (MC bjut).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 뿌ᇙ〮 (Yale: ppwúlq) | 뿌ᇙ〮 (Yale: ppwúlq) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 부텨 (Yale: Pwùthyè) | 불〮 (Yale: pwúl) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [puɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [불]

### Hanja

Wikisource 佛 (eumhun 부처 불 (bucheo bul))
* hanja form of 불 (“Buddha”)
* hanja form of 불 (“France (in compounds, in news media)”)

#### Compounds

* 불경 (佛經, bulgyeong)
* 불교 (佛敎, bulgyo)
* 불어 (佛語, Bureo)
* 성불 (成佛, seongbul)

### Proper noun

* Hanja in this term
* 佛
佛 • (Bul) (hangeul 불)
* (in news headlines) Short for 佛(불)蘭(란)西(서) (Bullanseo, “France”).

#### Usage notes

A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Most likely from Proto-Koreanic *Pwutukye (“Buddha”).

### Noun

佛 (poto₂ke₂) (kana ほとけ)
* (Buddhism) a carving, image, statue, or other likeness of a buddha
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3841:
    佛造眞朱不足者水渟池田乃阿曾我鼻上乎穿禮poto$_2$ke$_2$ tukuru ma-so$_2$po tarazupa mi$_1$du tamaru Ike$_2$da no$_2$ aso$_2$ ga pana no$_2$ upe$_2$ wo poreFor the Buddha statue, you lack enough vermilion―so there is the puddle of Lord “Pond Field” Ikeda, dig in that big red nose.

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 仏 (hotoke)

### References

* ↑ Jin'ichi Konishi (2017) Aileen Gatten, Nicholas Teele, transl., Earl Roy Miner, editor, A History of Japanese Literature, Volume 1: The Archaic and Ancient Ages (Volume 4935 of Princeton Legacy Library), Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 415

## Vietnamese
### Han character

佛: Hán Việt readings: phật (符(phù)勿(vật)切(thiết)), phất
佛: Nôm readings: phật

### Noun

佛
* chữ Hán form of Phật (“a Buddha, an Enlightened One”).

### Proper noun

佛
* chữ Hán form of Phật (“Buddha, the Enlightened One”).
* chữ Hán form of Phật (“Buddhism”).

#### Compounds

* 阿彌陀佛 (A Di Đà Phật)
* 德佛母 (Đức Phật Mẫu)
* 口佛心蛇 (khẩu phật tâm xà)
* 無佛 (mô Phật)
* 念佛 (niệm Phật)
* 佛陀 (Phật Đà)
* 佛臺 (phật đài)
* 佛誕 (Phật Đản)
* 佛教 (Phật giáo)
* 佛手 (phật thủ)
* 佛子 (phật tử)

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

## Zhuang
### Noun

佛
* Sawndip form of baed (“Buddha; shrine; spirit; god”)