# 酹

| 酹 | U+9179, &#37241; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9179 |
| ← 酸 [U+9178] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 酺 → [U+917A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酹 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田月木戈 (MWBDI), four-corner 1264$_3$, composition ⿰酉寽)
* to pour out a libation
* to sprinkle

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1283, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39872
* Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3584, character 5
* Unihan data for U+9179

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 酹 | *roːds, *ruːls |
| 脟 | *ronʔ, *rod |
| 捋 | *roːd |
| 蛶 | *roːd, *rod |
| 埒 | *rod |
| 鋝 | *rod, *srod |
| 浖 | *rod |
| 哷 | *rod |
| 寽 | *rud |

### Etymology

Attested somewhat late, in Eastern Han period (25-220 CE). According to Schuessler (2007), from Tai; compare Thai รด (rót, “to water, to pour, to spill; to sprinkle (as in certain ceremonies)”) and กรวด (grùuat, “to pour ceremonial water.”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lèi (lei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): laai$^6$ / lyut$^3$ / leoi$^6$ / loi$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lèi
*** Wade–Giles: lei$^4$
*** Yale: lèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ley
*** Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /leɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laai$^6$ / lyut$^3$ / leoi$^6$ / loi$^6$
*** Yale: laaih / lyut / leuih / loih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laai$^6$ / lyt$^8$ / loey$^6$ / loi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lai$^6$ / lüd$^3$ / lêu$^6$ / loi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːi̯²²/, /lyːt̚³/, /lɵy̯²²/, /lɔːi̯²²/
* Middle Chinese: lwajH, lwojH
Rime :
| Character | 酹 | 酹 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (26) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 郎外切 | 盧對切 |
| Baxter | lwajH | lwojH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luɑi$^H$/ | /luʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lʷɑi$^H$/ | /luoi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luɑi$^H$/ | /luɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lwaj$^H$/ | /lwəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /luɑi$^H$/ | /luᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /luɑi$^H$/ | /luɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luɑi$^H$/ | /luɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lèi | lèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | leoi$^6$ | leoi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*roːds/, /*ruːls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酹 | 酹 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 8586 | 8587 |
| Phonetic component | 寽 | 寽 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 酹 | 纇 |
| Old Chinese | /*roːds/ | /*ruːls/ |

### Definitions

酹
* to pour out a libation (usually alcohol) on the ground
    From: 200 CE,《前漢紀》Annals of the Former Han, by 荀悅 Xun Yue
    Shàng zì lèi jì zōngmiào. [Pinyin]
    The Emperor himself poured out libations to make offerings in the ancestral temple.
** 1082, 蘇軾 (Su Shi), 念奴嬌·赤壁懷古 (Nian Nu Jiao: Reminiscence of Red Cliffs):
       Rénjiān rú mèng, yī zūn huán lèi jiāng yuè. [Pinyin]
       Life is like a dream. Allow me to libate a drink of alcohol to the river, the moon and its reflection.

#### Compounds

* 奠酹
* 薦酹 / 荐酹

### References

* “酹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): らい (rai)、るい (rui)、らつ (ratsu)、らち (rachi)
* Kun: そそぐ (sosogu)

## Korean
### Hanja

酹 • (roe>noe) (hangeul 뢰>뇌, revised roe>noe, McCune–Reischauer roe>noe, Yale loy>noy)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.