# passion
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English passioun, passion, from Old French passion (and in part from Old English passion), from Latin passio (“suffering”), noun of action from perfect passive participle passus (“suffered”), from deponent verb patior (“I suffer”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”), see also Old English fēond (“devil, enemy”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (faian, “to blame”).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: păsh'ən, IPA: /ˈpæʃən/
* (US) IPA: [ˈpʰæʃən]
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -æʃən

### Noun

passion (countable and uncountable, plural passions)
* A true desire sustained or prolonged.
* Any great, strong, powerful emotion, especially romantic love or extreme hate.
    We share a passion for books.
** 2011 January 16, Saj Chowdhury, “Sunderland 1 – 1 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 7 December 2019:That was partly because of a swirling wind that made precision passing difficult and also a derby atmosphere where the emphasis seemed to be on passion rather than football.
* Fervor, determination.
* An object of passionate or romantic love or strong romantic interest.
    It started as a hobby, but now my motorbike collection has become my passion.
* Sexual intercourse, especially when very emotional.
    We shared a night of passion.
* (Christianity, usually capitalized) The suffering of Jesus leading up to and during his crucifixion.
** 1543 June 8, Henry VIII of England, “The Nynthe Article. The Holy Catholike Churche.”, in A Necessary Doctrine and Erudicion for Any Chrysten Man, Set furth by the Kynges Maiestye of Englande, &c., imprinted at London: […] by Thomas Berthelet, […], →OCLC:Moreouer the perfit beleue of this article, worketh in all true chriſten people, aloue to continue in this vnitie, and afeare to be caſte out of the ſame, and it worketh in them that be ſinners and repentant, great comforte, and conſolacion, to obteine remiſſion of ſinne, by vertue of Chriſtes paſſion, and adminiſtracion of his ſacramentes at the miniſters handes, ordained for that purpoſe, [...]
* A display, musical composition, or play meant to commemorate the suffering of Jesus.
* (obsolete) Suffering or enduring of imposed or inflicted pain; any suffering or distress.
    a cardiac passion
* (obsolete) The state of being acted upon; subjection to an external agent or influence; a passive condition
    Antonym: action
** 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], “Of Power”, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC, book II, § 3, page 116:A Body at reſt affords us no Idea of any active Power to move; and when it is ſet in motion its ſelf, that Motion is rather a Paſſion, than an Action in it: [...]
* (obsolete) The capacity of being affected by external agents; susceptibility of impressions from external agents.
** 1631, Francis [Bacon], “IX. Century. [Experiment Solitary Touching Other Passions of Matter, and Characters of Bodies.]”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, paragraph 846, page 216:The Differences of Impreſsible and Not Impreſsible; Figurable and Not Figurable; Mouldable and Not Mouldable; Sciſsile and Not Sciſsile; And many other Paſsions of Matter, are Plebeian Notions, applied vnto the Inſtruments and Vſes which Men ordinarily practiſe; [...]
* (obsolete) An innate attribute, property, or quality of a thing.
    [...] to obtain the knowledge of some passion of the circle.
* (obsolete) Disorder of the mind; madness.
** c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 142, column 1:The fit is momentary, vpon a thought / He will againe be well. If much you note him / You ſhall offend him, and extend his Paſſion, / Feed, and regard him not.

#### Synonyms

* (fervor, determination): ardor, fire in the belly, zeal

#### Derived terms

* cardiac passion
* crime of passion
* grande passion
* heat of passion
* ileac passion
* iliac passion
* ischiadic passion
* pash
* passionate
* passion-flower
* passionflower
* passion flower
* passion fruit, passionfruit
* passionful
* passion killer
* passion of a convert
* passion pit
* passion play
* passion point
* passion pop
* passion potion
* passion-ridden
* Passion Sunday
* passion tree
* passion wagon
* propassion
* purple passion
* satis-passion
* throes of passion

#### Related terms

* impassion
* impassive
* passionate
* passive
* passivity
* patience
* patient

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

passion (third-person singular simple present passions, present participle passioning, simple past and past participle passioned)
* (obsolete) To suffer pain or sorrow; to experience a passion; to be extremely agitated.
    Synonyms: ache, grieve, hurt; see also Thesaurus:suffer
** 1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC:Dumbly she passions, frantically she doteth.
** c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC; republished as Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5), London: W[illiam] Griggs, […], [1880], →OCLC,:There did I ſee that low ſpirited Swaine, [...] hight Coſtard, (Clow[ne]. O mee) ſorted and conſorted contrary to thy eſtabliſhed proclaymed Edict and continent Cannon; Which with, o with, but with this I paſſion to ſay wherewith: / Clo[wne]. With a Wench.
** 1820, John Keats, “(please specify the poem)”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC:she passioned To see herself escap'd from so sore ills
* (transitive) To give a passionate character to.
    Synonym: impassion

#### References

* John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “passion”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

### Anagrams

* Pasions, Spinosa, saposin

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑsːion/, [ˈpɑ̝s̠ːio̞n]
* Rhymes: -ɑsːion
* Hyphenation: pas‧si‧on

### Noun

passion
* genitive singular of passio

## Franco-Provençal
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin passiōnem. Sense 2 from French passion.

### Noun

passion f (plural passions)
* the Passion of Christ
* passion (emotion)

### References

* passion in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French passion, from Old French passion, borrowed from Latin passiōnem, ultimately from patior. Cognate with patience.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.sjɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

passion f (plural passions)
* (countable and uncountable) passion

#### Derived terms

* fruit de la passion

#### Related terms

* compassion
* pâtir

### Further reading

* “passion”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle English
### Noun

passion
* Alternative form of passioun

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French passion.

### Noun

passion f (plural passions)
* passion

#### Descendants

* French: passion

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* passio

### Etymology

From Latin passiō (“suffering”), noun of action from perfect passive participle passus (“suffered”), from deponent verb pati (“suffer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑs.si͜un/

### Noun

passion f (nominative plural passione)
* passion of Christ
** ðaet Eghwilc messepriost gesinge fore Osuulfes sawle twa messan, twa fore Beornðryðe sawle; and aeghwilc diacon arede twa passione fore his sawle, twa for hire; ― that Every mass-priest recites for Oswulf's soul two masses, two for Beornthryth's soul; and every deacon reads two passions for his soul. (Oswulf's Charters, c805)

#### Descendants

* >? Middle English: passioun

### References

* John R. Clark Hall (1916) “passion”, in A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, New York: Macmillan
* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “passion”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Old French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin passiō, passionem.

### Noun

passion oblique singular, f (oblique plural passions, nominative singular passion, nominative plural passions)
* passion (suffering)
** (specifically, Christianity) the ordeal endured by Jesus in order to absolve humanity of sin

#### Descendants

* Middle French: passion
** French: passion
* → Middle English: passioun, pascioun, passion, passione, passioune, passiun, passyon, passyoun, passyun
** English: passion, Passion
** Scots: passion, patient

#### References

* Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX$^e$ au XV$^e$ siècle (1881) (passion)
* passiun on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Latin passio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈɧuːn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uːn

### Noun

passion c
* (romantic, intellectual, etc.) passion
    en brinnande passion ― a burning passion
* a passion (object of passion)
* (Christianity, almost exclusively in compounds) passion

#### Related terms

* passionerad

#### See also

* lidelse
* mani
* vurm
* åtrå

### References

* passion in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* passion in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* passion in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)