# eu
## Translingual
### Symbol

eu
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Basque.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Basque terms

## Aromanian
### Pronoun

eu
* Alternative form of io

## Bourguignon
### Etymology

From Latin ovum.

### Noun

eu m (plural eus)
* egg

## Chuukese
### Numeral

eu
* one

#### Related terms

* eche
* aewin (ordinal)
* efoch
* efou
* emon
* et

## Corsican
### Pronoun

eu
* Alternative form of eiu

### References

* “eiu, eo, eu, ghjeu” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

## Drehu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eu/

### Adverb

eu
* when

### References

* Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
* Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

## French
### Etymology

From Middle French eu, from Old French eü, from Vulgar Latin *habūtus, replacing Classical Latin habitus.
The spelling, which contradicts the pronunciation, is because Middle French -eu- besides /ø/ also sometimes represented long /yː/. The latter cases were generally replaced with -û- in Early Modern French, e.g. dû, flûte for Middle French deu, fleute. However, in the case of eu and related forms the spelling û was considered awkward and so the Middle French form was preserved.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /y/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: eue, eues, eus, eut, eût, u (general), us (one pronunciation), hue, huent, hues (aspirated)

### Participle

eu (feminine eue, masculine plural eus, feminine plural eues)
* past participle of avoir

### Anagrams

* UE

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* ieu, i-eu (after a vowel)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈew/, (occasionally) /ˈɛw/, /ˈɪw/, (sandhi) /ˈjew/
* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

eu (after a preposition min, accusative me, dative me)
* I
** 1399, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 580:Saban todos que yeu Fernan Martinez, Clerigo rector da Yglesia de San Thomas da pescaria da Vila da CruñaEveryone know this, that I Fernán Martinez, rector cleric of the church of Saint Tomas, of the Pescaría (fishery) of the Town of A Coruña

### See also

* Appendix:Galician pronouns

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “eu”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “yeu”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ieu”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “eu”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Japanese
### Romanization

eu
* Rōmaji transcription of えう

## Latin
### Etymology

Compare Ancient Greek εὖ (eû, “well”, adverb).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈei̯/, [ˈɛi̯]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈej/, [ˈɛj]

### Interjection

eu
* bravo! well done!

#### See also

* euge
* eugepae
* euhoe
* e͡uax

### References

* “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Latvian
### Interjection

eu
* Use to draw somebody's attention

## Manx
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eu/

### Pronoun

eu (emphatic euish)
* second-person plural/form of ec
    at you/ye
* (idiomatic) your (plural)

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

eu
* Alternative form of ewe

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

eu
* (chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of yow

## Nias
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.

### Noun

eu (mutated form geu)
* wood

### References

* Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 61.

## Old French
### Verb

eu
* past participle of avoir

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛw/

### Pronoun

eu
* I
** 13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, João Garcia de Guilhade, A 229: Amigos, non poss'eu negar (facsimile)
    [O]s ollos uerdes que eu ui / me façen ora andar aſſi.The green eyes which I have seen / have made me now be like this.

#### Descendants

* Eonavian: eu
* Fala: ei
* Galician: eu
* Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

## Old Occitan
### Alternative forms

* ieu
* ie (before an enclitic)

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛw/

### Pronoun

eu
* I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

#### Descendants

* Occitan: ieu

## Old Saxon
### Alternative forms

* giu
* iu

### Etymology

See iu.

### Pronoun

eu
* you (accusative)

#### Declension
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Doublet of ego.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈew/ [ˈeʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈew/
* (Northern Portugal) IPA: (sandhi) /ˈjew/
* (Alentejo, Algarve, Azores, Madeira) IPA: (unstressed) [e]
* Audio (Brazil):(file)
* Audio (Northeast Brazil):(file)
* Audio (Northern Portugal):(file)
* Hyphenation: eu

### Pronoun

eu
* I (first-person singular personal pronoun)
** 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 184:Eu estava na esperança de encontrá-lo antes do jantar!I was hoping to meet you before dinner!
* (Brazil, nonstandard, proscribed) first-person singular prepositional pronoun; me

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:eu.

#### Derived terms

* euzinho / euzinha (diminutive)

#### See also
### Noun

eu m (plural eus)
* (chiefly philosophy) ego; self (individual person as the object of his own reflective consciousness)
    Synonym: ego

#### Derived terms

* eu lírico

#### Related terms

* ego

### Interjection

eu!
* Used to draw attention to oneself after having their name called.
    Dr. Hélio? – Eu!Dr. Hélio? – Here!

### Descendants

* Barranquian: ê
* Kristang: yo
* Macanese: iou, io, ieu

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* eŭ — old orthography
* io — colloquial

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (pronoun) /jew/, (noun) /ew/
* IPA: (pronoun, colloquial) /jo/
* Rhymes: -ew
* Hyphenation: eu
* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

eu
* (nominative form) I

#### See also
### Noun

eu n (plural euri)
* ego

#### Declension
## Romansch
### Pronoun

eu (Vallader)
* Alternative form of jau (“I”)

## Sassarese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeu/

### Pronoun

eu
* Alternative form of éiu: I
** 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Springtime]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:[…] guasi guasi credu chi podaristhia eu puru o dubaristhia nascì torra. […]I almost believe that I, too, can, or should, be born again.
** 2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese‎:Faccisigàddu, diggu grazie a Firumèna chi s’alluntàna e s’arròmba a lu muru; eu a lu muru d’aócci.Embarrassed, I thank Filomena, who distances herself, and leans on the wall; I [lean] to the opposite wall.

### See also

* me
* meggu
* mi
* méiu

### References

* Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

## Sicilian
### Alternative forms

* jeu (paroxytone, diphthongozed)
* ju (oxytone doublet)
* jo (o-coloured variant, dialectal (possible italianism/hiberism))
* ia (Gallo-italic of Sicily, dialectal)
* iu (italianism, dialectal)
* jù, jèu, jò, ìa, ìu (non-standard, redundant discritics)

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Cognate with Aromanian iou, Corsican eiu, French je, Italian and Neapolitan io, Catalan jo, Galician and Portuguese eu, Romanian eu, Spanish yo, Sardinian ego. Doublet of ju.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛu/, [ˈɛ.ʊ], [ˈɛw], [ˈjɛ.ʊ]
* Hyphenation: è‧u

### Pronoun

eu
* (first person singular pronoun) I
    Eu sacciu lèggiri 'n sicilianu. ― I can read Sicilian.

#### See also

* tu
* iḍḍu, iḍḍa
* nui, nuiautri
* vui, vuiautri
* iḍḍi

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* 'u (after vowels)
* 'w (after the preposition i)

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: /ei̯/
** (colloquial) IPA: /iː/, /ɪ/
* Homophone: ei
* Rhymes: -ei̯

#### Usage notes

* Despite being written as u, the vowel here is /i̯/ in north Wales, making it homophonous with singular ei in all varieties of the spoken language.

### Determiner

eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
* their
    Cwynent am eu blinder a’u hafiechyd.They complained of their weariness and their illness.

### Pronoun

eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
* them (as the direct object of a verbal noun)
    Rhaid sganio’r ffeiliau cyn eu hagor a’u harchwilio.You have to scan the files before opening them and exploring them.

#### Usage notes

* Nhw is often added after the noun or verbnoun which eu precedes. In formal language, this is done to emphasise the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial language, it is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis, and is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where nhw is never used.
* In formal Welsh, the contraction ’u is a valid form of eu found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, eu is often contracted to ’u after almost any vowel-final word.
* Pronomial eu and ’u can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial ’u is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for ’u for more information.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “eu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Yoruba
### Alternative forms

* owú

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ē.ú/

### Noun

eú
* (Ekiti) anvil

## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /ʔeːu˨˦/
* Tone numbers: eu$^1$
* Hyphenation: eu

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)
* to sing (a folk song)

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)
* weak; frail; feeble