# Bock
## English
### Proper noun

Bock (plural Bocks)
* A surname.
* A city in Minnesota.

## Bavarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /b̥ok/
* Hyphenation: Bock

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German boc, poc, from Old High German boc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk. Cognate to English buck, German Bock, Dutch bok, Norwegian bukk, Swedish bock, Danish buk.

#### Noun

Bock m (plural Böck or Bock)
* buck, ram; the male of certain animals, especially goat, sheep, and roedeer
* shoe
    Synonym: Schuach
* (gymnastics) an apparatus for performing jumps, similar to a vaulting horse but shorter.

##### Derived terms

* Goaßbock, Gaaßbock m (“billy goat”)
* Stoabock, Staabock m (“ibex”)
* böckln

### Etymology 2

From a southern German alteration of Einbeck, a brewery town in Lower Saxony, where the beer originally hails from. The Low German placename suffix -beck (“-brook”) was reinterpreted in southern dialects as the plural of Bock (etymology 1 above). Compare a fuller form still in Oambock, Ambock.

#### Noun

Bock n
* bock beer

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɔk]
* Audio (Berlin):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German boc, poc, from Old High German boc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk. Cognate to English buck, Bavarian Bock, Dutch bok, Norwegian bukk, Swedish bock, Danish buk.

#### Noun

Bock m (strong, genitive Bockes or Bocks, plural Böcke, diminutive Böckchen n or Böcklein n)
* buck, ram; the male of certain animals, especially goat, sheep, and roedeer
    Hyponyms: Ziegenbock / Geißbock, Schafbock, Rehbock
* (also sturer Bock) a stubborn person
    Synonyms: Sturbock, Sturkopf
* (also geiler Bock) a man who is lecherous or sexually active
    geil wie ein Bock ― horny as a buck
* (informal) a blunder, mistake
* (vehicles) box (driver's seat of a horse-drawn coach)
* (gymnastics) an apparatus for performing jumps, similar to a vaulting horse but shorter.

##### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

##### Derived terms

* bocken
* bockig
* Bockwurst
* Steinbock m (“ibex, Capricorn”)
* Sündenbock m (“scapegoat”)

##### See also

* Geiß f
* Ziege f

### Etymology 2

From a southern German alteration of Einbeck, a brewery town in Lower Saxony, where the beer originally hails from. The Low German placename suffix -beck (“-brook”) was reinterpreted in southern dialects as the plural of Bock (etymology 1 above). Compare a fuller form still in Bavarian Oambock, Ambock.

#### Noun

Bock n (strong, genitive Bocks, plural Bock)
* bock beer

##### Derived terms

* Bockbier
* Maibock

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Romani bokh (“hunger”); ultimately from Sanskrit बुभुक्षा (bubhukṣā). Reinforced and perhaps semantically influenced by Bock (etymology 1) in its sexual sense. First attested in the second half of the 20th century and originally belonging to the Rotwelsch cant. Distant doublet of Funktion.

#### Noun

Bock m (strong, genitive Bock, plural Böcke)
* (Rotwelsch) hunger
* (colloquial, with haben, kriegen, or machen) desire, interest [with auf (+ accusative) ‘for something’]
    Synonym: Lust
    Ich will ins Kino gehen. Hast du Bock? ― I wanna go to the movies. Are you down for that?
    Ich kriege langsam Bock auf Tanzen. ― I’m starting to feel like dancing.
    Das macht Bock auf mehr. ― This makes you want more.
** 2013, Marteria (lyrics and music), “Kids (2 Finger an den Kopf)”:Keiner hat mehr Bock auf Kiffen, Saufen, Feiern.Nobody feels like blazing, boozing, partying anymore.
** 1992, Erwin Leibfried, Die Forderung des Tages: ziemlich unsortierte Notizen zum Entwurf einer Denkschrift über angewandte Geisteswissenschaften‎, Litblockin-Verlag:»Warum geht die Ziege nicht zum Tanzen? Weil sie keinen Bock hat!«(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (colloquial, with machen) fun, pleasure
    Synonym: Spaß
    Macht’s Bock? ― Is it fun?

##### Usage notes

* The plural is rare but is sometimes used in a jocularly fashion with no change in meaning: Hast du Böcke?

##### Derived terms

* bocken

### References

* 1 2 Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Bock”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “Bock” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Middle High German buc, from Old High German buc, alternative form of boc (which would have yielded Luxembourgish *Back), from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bok/

### Noun

Bock m (plural Béck)
* buck
* trestle, support
* box (driver's seat on a coach)