# 瑟

| 瑟 | U+745F, &#29791; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745F |
| ← 瑞 [U+745E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 瑠 → [U+7460] |

## Translingual
### Han character

瑟 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土心竹 (MGPH), four-corner 1133$_1$, composition ⿱玨必)
* an ancient stringed musical instrument (long zither)
* dignified, massive
* sound of wind

#### Derived characters

* 𠿗, 濏, 璱, 𦆄, 𧒓, 𨆙, 𩇣, 飋, 𫗋, 𠟦, 𭌐, 𭣑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21133
* Dae Jaweon: page 1149, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1125, character 5
* Unihan data for U+745F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 瑟
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 泌 | *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 秘 | *mpriɡs |
| 毖 | *priɡs |
| 閟 | *priɡs |
| 柲 | *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鉍 | *priɡs, *priɡ |
| 邲 | *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 覕 | *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ |
| 咇 | *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 苾 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 馝 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 飶 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鴓 | *mbliːɡ |
| 鮅 | *pliɡ, *bliɡ |
| 必 | *pliɡ |
| 珌 | *pliɡ |
| 佖 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 駜 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 怭 | *bliɡ |
| 妼 | *bliɡ |
| 宓 | *mriɡ, *mliɡ |
| 樒 | *mriɡ |
| 密 | *mriɡ |
| 蔤 | *mriɡ |
| 滵 | *mriɡ |
| 蜜 | *mliɡ |
| 謐 | *mliɡ |
| 榓 | *mliɡ |
| 淧 | *mliɡ |
| 瑟 | *smriɡ, *smriɡ |
| 璱 | *sriɡ |
| 飋 | *sriɡ |
| 虙 | *blɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *smriɡ, *smriɡ): semantic 珡 (“musical instrument”) + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ). 珡 has been simplified into the unrelated 玨.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sè (se$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sat$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sit
    (Hailu, HRS): sid
* Eastern Min (BUC): sáik
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): seh$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sek / siak / sit
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sè
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sè
*** Wade–Giles: sê$^4$
*** Yale: sè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
*** Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sat$^1$
*** Yale: sāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
*** Hakka Romanization System: xid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sid
*** Sinological IPA: /sit⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sáik
*** Sinological IPA : /saiʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: seh$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seh
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬɛʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: seh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬɛʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
*** Tâi-lô: sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
*** Tâi-lô: siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
*** Tâi-lô: sit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sid
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/
* siak/sek - vernacular;
* sit - literary.
* Middle Chinese: srit
Rime :
| Character | 瑟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 櫛 (51) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所櫛切 |
| Baxter | srit |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃɪt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃĭet̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂi̯æt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.m]ri[t]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*smriɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 瑟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srit › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s.m]ri[t]/ |
| English | lute |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 瑟 | 瑟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 599 | 602 |
| Phonetic component | 必 | 必 |
| Rime group | 質 | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 瑟 | 瑟 |
| Old Chinese | /*smriɡ/ | /*smriɡ/ |

### Definitions

瑟
* (music) the se, an ancient Chinese bridge zither, usually with 25 strings
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) solemn; dignified; alone; bleak
* Used in 瑟瑟 (sèsè).
* Used in 瑟縮／瑟缩 (sèsuō) and 瑟索.

### Compounds

* 亞瑟王 / 亚瑟王 (Yàsè Wáng)
* 倚瑟
* 拉瑟
* 撤瑟
* 明瑟
* 毛瑟槍 / 毛瑟枪 (máosèqiāng)
* 水木明瑟
* 汎瑟 / 泛瑟
* 琴瑟 (qínsè)
* 琴瑟不調 / 琴瑟不调
* 琴瑟之好
* 琴瑟和好
* 琴瑟和諧 / 琴瑟和谐
* 琴瑟和鳴 / 琴瑟和鸣 (qínsèhémíng)
* 琴瑟失調 / 琴瑟失调
* 琴瑟相調 / 琴瑟相调
* 琴瑟調和 / 琴瑟调和
* 瑟弄琴調 / 瑟弄琴调
* 瑟瑟 (sèsè)
* 瑟索
* 瑟縮 / 瑟缩 (sèsuō)
* 瑟調 / 瑟调
* 瑟調琴弄 / 瑟调琴弄
* 約瑟 / 约瑟 (Yuēsè)
* 約瑟夫 / 约瑟夫 (Yuēsèfū)
* 膠柱調瑟 / 胶柱调瑟
* 膠柱鼓瑟 / 胶柱鼓瑟 (jiāozhùgǔsè)
* 蕭瑟 / 萧瑟 (xiāosè)
* 錦瑟 / 锦瑟
* 錦瑟華年 / 锦瑟华年
* 鼓瑟 (gǔsè)
* 鼓瑟焚香

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しち (shichi)
* Kan-on: しつ (shitsu)
* Kun: おおごと (ōgoto, 瑟)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 瑟
* しつ Hyōgai
* kan'on

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕit͡sɨ]

### Noun

瑟(しつ) • (shitsu)
* (music) a zither with movable bridges and around 25 strings

#### Derived terms

* 琴(きん)瑟(しつ) (kinshitsu)

### See also

* 琴(きん) (kin)
* 箏(そう) (sō)

## Korean
### Hanja

瑟 • (seul) (hangeul 슬, revised seul, McCune–Reischauer sŭl, Yale sul)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

瑟: Hán Nôm readings: sắt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.