# 藍

| 藍 | U+85CD, &#34253; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85CD |
| ← 藌 [U+85CC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 藎 → [U+85CE] |
| 藍 | U+F923, &#63779; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F923 |
| ← 濫 [U+F922] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 襤 → [U+F924] |

## Translingual
### Han character

藍 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+14 in Chinese and Korean, 艸+15 in Japanese, 18 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 17 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 廿尸戈廿 (TSIT) or 廿尸一廿 (TSMT), four-corner 4410$_7$, composition ⿱艹監)

#### Derived characters

* 灆 礷 㘕 𢹹 𣠩(𣞎) 𤓆 𤼓 𥍍 𧕭 𧟋 𧾲 𨰗 𩟺 𩽭 𪈭 𫲝 𭐌

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1064, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32258
* Dae Jaweon: page 1528, character 35
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3311, character 8
* Unihan data for U+85CD
* Unihan data for U+F923

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 藍 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 襤 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 籃 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 懢 | *ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms |
| 儖 | *ɡ·raːm |
| 蘫 | *ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms |
| 攬 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 欖 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 覽 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 爁 | *ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams |
| 擥 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 灠 | *ɡ·raːmʔ |
| 濫 | *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ |
| 嚂 | *ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ |
| 纜 | *ɡ·raːms |
| 監 | *kraːm, *kraːms |
| 礛 | *kraːm |
| 鑑 | *kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms |
| 艦 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 檻 | *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms |
| 壏 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 轞 | *ɡraːmʔ |
| 鹽 | *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·raːm): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ram (“indigo”); cognate with Lepcha ᰛᰤᰨᰮ (ryom), Mru [script needed] (charam), Tibetan རམས (rams, “indigo”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019). However, Laufer (1916) considers the Tibetan word to be borrowed from Chinese.
Schuessler (2007) considers this an areal word, possibly from Southeast Asia; cf. Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀum (“indigo plant and dye”) (> Malay tarum).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lán (lan$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лан (lan, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): laam$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lam$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lan$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): làm
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lam$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lan$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): lâng
* Eastern Min (BUC): làng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lang$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): nâ / lâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lam$^5$ / nam$^5$ / nang$^5$ / na$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$le
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lán
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lán
*** Wade–Giles: lan$^2$
*** Yale: lán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lan
*** Palladius: лань (lanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /län³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nan$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
*** Sinological IPA : /nan²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лан (lan, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /læ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laam$^4$
*** Yale: làahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːm²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lam$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lam²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lan³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: làm
*** Hakka Romanization System: lam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lam¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lam¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /læ̃¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lâng
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: làng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃aŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lang$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: láng
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nâ
*** Tâi-lô: nâ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: naa
*** IPA (Singapore): /na²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /nã²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /nã¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /nã²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm
*** Tâi-lô: lâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: laam
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Singapore): /lam²⁴/
* nâ - vernacular (incl. surname);
* lâm - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit藍 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /lan³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /lan²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /lan⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /lã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /lã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /lan⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /lã²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /lã²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /lan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /lɛ̃n⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /lan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /nan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /nan³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /nan²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /lã̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /laŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /læ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /læ̃¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /lɑŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /læ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /le²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /le̞¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /lẽ̞²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /la³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /lɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /lɔ⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /lan¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /nan¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /lan⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /lam¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /lɑm¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lam²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /lam²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /lam²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /lam³⁵/ /na³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /laŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /laŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /lam⁵⁵/ /nã⁵⁵/ 姓 |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /lam³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: lam
Rime :
| Character | 藍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 魯甘切 |
| Baxter | lam |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lam/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑm/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | laam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N-k.]rˤam/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 藍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lam › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N-k.]rˁam/ |
| English | indigo |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 藍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6082 |
| Phonetic component | 監 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 藍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡ·raːm/ |

### Definitions

藍
* blue
    藍色／蓝色 ― lánsè ― blue color
* (botany) a plant used to make indigo
    木藍／木蓝 ― mùlán ― Indigofera tinctoria
    蓼藍／蓼蓝 ― liǎolán ― Persicaria tinctoria
    馬藍／马蓝 ― mǎlán ― Strobilanthes cusia
    菘藍／菘蓝 ― sōnglán ― Isatis tinctoria
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Qīng, qǔ zhī yú lán, ér qīng yú lán. [Pinyin]
    Blue is obtained from the indigo plant but is bluer than the indigo plant.
* (botany) Brassica oleracea
    結球甘藍／结球甘蓝 ― jiéqiúgānlán ― cabbage
    擘藍／擘蓝 ― bòlán ― kohlrabi
    芥藍／芥蓝 ― jièlán ― gailan
    西藍花／西蓝花 ― xīlánhuā ― broccoli
* (politics) related to the pro-unification pan-Blue coalition of Taiwan
* (HK politics) supportive of the Hong Kong Police Force and the Hong Kong government
    Antonym: 黃 / 黄 (huáng)
* (literary) Short for 伽藍／伽蓝 (qiélán, “Buddhist temple”).
    名藍／名蓝 ― mínglán ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* a surname, Lan
    藍玉／蓝玉 ― Lán Yù ― Lan Yu (Ming dynasty general)

#### See also

* (supportive of the Hong Kong Police Force and the Hong Kong government) 藍絲／蓝丝 (lánsī)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 藍(らん) (ran)
* → Korean: 람(藍) (ram)
* → Vietnamese: lam (藍)
Others:
* → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ŋglam ~ ŋgram (“indigo”)
** White Hmong: nkaj
* → Proto-Tai: *g.raːmᴬ (“indigo”)
** Thai: คราม (kraam)
** Lao: ຄາມ (khām)
** Zhuang: gyaemq (“purple-red”)
* → Proto-Tai: *kromꟲ (“indigo”)
** Thai: ฮ่อม (hɔ̂ɔm)
** Zhuang: romj, goromj
* →? Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːm (“indigo”)
** Muong: chàm
** Vietnamese: chàm
* → Khmer: ត្រុំ (trom)
* → Zhuang: lamz

#### Compounds

* 二藍 / 二蓝
* 亞甲藍 / 亚甲蓝 (yàjiǎlán)
* 亮藍 / 亮蓝
* 伽藍 / 伽蓝 (qiélán)
* 伽藍鳥 / 伽蓝鸟 (qiélánniǎo)
* 僧伽藍 / 僧伽蓝
* 天藍色 / 天蓝色 (tiānlánsè)
* 寶藍 / 宝蓝 (bǎolán)
* 寶藍色 / 宝蓝色
* 小藍人 / 小蓝人 (xiǎolánrén)
* 景泰藍 / 景泰蓝 (jǐngtàilán)
* 普魯士藍 / 普鲁士蓝 (pǔlǔshìlán)
* 毛藍 / 毛蓝
* 水渰藍橋 / 水渰蓝桥
* 海軍藍 / 海军蓝 (hǎijūnlán)
* 湛藍 / 湛蓝 (zhànlán)
* 燒藍 / 烧蓝
* 甘藍 / 甘蓝 (gānlán)
* 發藍 / 发蓝
* 碧藍 / 碧蓝 (bìlán)
* 碧藍如黛 / 碧蓝如黛
* 篳路藍縷 / 筚路蓝缕 (bìlùlánlǚ)
* 結球甘藍 / 结球甘蓝 (jiéqiú gānlán)
* 絞股藍 / 绞股蓝 (jiǎogǔlán)
* 胡藍之獄 / 胡蓝之狱
* 芥藍 / 芥蓝
* 芥藍菜 / 芥蓝菜
* 蔚藍 / 蔚蓝 (wèilán)
* 蓼藍 / 蓼蓝 (liǎolán)
* 蓽路藍縷 / 荜路蓝缕 (bìlùlánlǚ)
* 蓽露藍蔞 / 荜露蓝蒌 (bìlùlánlǚ)
* 薄藍 / 薄蓝
* 藍傘 / 蓝伞
* 藍十字會 / 蓝十字会
* 藍單 / 蓝单
* 藍圖 / 蓝图 (lántú)
* 藍天 / 蓝天 (lántiān)
* 藍姑草 / 蓝姑草
* 藍寶石 / 蓝宝石 (lánbǎoshí)
* 藍尼羅河 / 蓝尼罗河 (Lánníluóhé)
* 藍德公司 / 蓝德公司
* 藍晶 / 蓝晶
* 藍晶晶 / 蓝晶晶 (lánjīngjīng)
* 藍普燈 / 蓝普灯
* 藍晶石 / 蓝晶石
* 藍本 / 蓝本 (lánběn)
* 藍橋 / 蓝桥 (Lánqiáo)
* 藍橋會 / 蓝桥会
* 藍波 / 蓝波
* 藍波主義 / 蓝波主义
* 藍湛湛 / 蓝湛湛 (lánzhànzhàn)
* 藍玉 / 蓝玉
* 藍瑩瑩 / 蓝莹莹 (lányíngyíng)
* 藍田 / 蓝田 (Lántián)
* 藍田出玉 / 蓝田出玉
* 藍田猿人 / 蓝田猿人
* 藍田玉 / 蓝田玉
* 藍田生玉 / 蓝田生玉 (lántiánshēngyù)
* 藍田種玉 / 蓝田种玉
* 藍田遺址 / 蓝田遗址
* 藍皮書 / 蓝皮书
* 藍皮綠骨 / 蓝皮绿骨 (lánpílǜgǔ)
* 藍盈盈 / 蓝盈盈
* 藍礬 / 蓝矾
* 藍籌 / 蓝筹 (lánchóu)
* 藍籌股 / 蓝筹股 (lánchóugǔ)
* 藍綠藻 / 蓝绿藻 (lánlǜzǎo)
* 藍縷 / 蓝缕 (lánlǚ)
* 藍翎 / 蓝翎
* 藍色 / 蓝色 (lánsè)
* 藍菊 / 蓝菊 (lánjú)
* 藏藍 / 藏蓝
* 藍藻 / 蓝藻 (lánzǎo)
* 藍蝴蝶 / 蓝蝴蝶
* 藍衫 / 蓝衫
* 藍調 / 蓝调 (lándiào)
* 藍閃閃 / 蓝闪闪
* 藍關 / 蓝关 (Lánguān)
* 藍青 / 蓝青 (lánqīng)
* 藍青官話 / 蓝青官话 (lánqīng guānhuà)
* 藍靛 / 蓝靛 (lándiàn)
* 藍領 / 蓝领 (lánlǐng)
* 藍領階級 / 蓝领阶级
* 藍鬍子 / 蓝胡子
* 藍鯨 / 蓝鲸 (lánjīng)
* 藍黑 / 蓝黑
* 藍點頦 / 蓝点颏
* 藍鼓藻 / 蓝鼓藻
* 衣冠藍縷 / 衣冠蓝缕
* 衣衫藍褸 / 衣衫蓝褛 (yīshānlánlǚ)
* 迦藍 / 迦蓝
* 鈷藍 / 钴蓝
* 青出於藍 / 青出于蓝 (qīngchūyúlán)
* 青過於藍 / 青过于蓝
* 靛藍 / 靛蓝 (diànlán)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* the Japanese indigo or Chinese indigo plant, Persicaria tinctoria
* the color indigo
* kanji used to transliterate Buddhist terms borrowed from Sanskrit

#### Readings

* Go-on: らん (ran, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: らん (ran, Jōyō)
* Kun: あい (ai, 藍, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 藍(らん)衣(い)社(しゃ) (Ran'isha)
* 藍玉(らんぎょく) (rangyoku): aquamarine (gem)
* 藍(らん)紫(し)色(しょく) (ranshishoku)
* 藍綬(らんじゅ)褒章(ほうしょう) (Ranju Hōshō)
* 藍(らん)晶石(しょうせき) (ranshōseki, “cyanite”)
* 藍(らん)色(しょく) (ranshoku): the color indigo: dark blue
* 藍(らん)閃石(せんせき) (ransenseki)
* 藍藻(ランソウ) (ransō)
* 藍(らん)鉄鉱(てっこう) (rantekkō)
* 藍田(らんでん) (Randen)
* 藍靛(らんてん) (ranten)
* 藍(らん)銅鉱(どうこう) (randōkō)
* 藍(らん)毘(び)尼(に)園(おん) (Ranbini-on)
* 藍碧(らんぺき) (ranpeki)
* 芥藍(カイラン) (kairan)
* 伽藍(がらん) (garan)
* 甘藍(カンラン) (kanran)
* 洎夫(サフ)藍(ラン) (safuran)
* 芥(ジエ)藍(ラン)菜(ツァイ) (jierantsai)
* 出藍(しゅつらん) (shutsuran)
* 青藍(せいらん) (seiran)
* 僧(そう)伽(が)藍(らん)摩(ま) (sōgaranma)
* 堆藍(たいらん) (tairan)
* 洞庭藍(トウテイラン) (tōteiran)
* 銅藍(どうらん) (dōran)
* 白藍(はくらん) (hakuran)
* 板藍根(バンランコン) (banrankon)
* 毘(び)藍(らん)婆(ば) (Biranba)
* 洋藍(ようらん) (yōran)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 藍
* あい Grade: S
* kun'yomi
/awi/ → */aji/ → /ai/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *awoy.
There are various theories regarding the ultimate derivation, all suggesting a relation to 青 (awo → ao, “blue”):
* May be an alteration from 青色 (awoiro → aoiro):
    ⟨awoiro$_2$⟩ → /awoirə/ → /awɨrə/ → /airo/ → /ai/
* May be a fusion of 青 (awo → ao) and い (i, emphatic particle)
    */awo i/ → */awɨ/ → */awi/ → */aji/ → /ai/
* May be derived from a compound of 青 (awo → ao) +‎ 居 (wi → i, “there is”), expressing the sense that the indigo plant contains the color blue:
    /awowi/ → */awːɨ/ → /awi/ → */aji/ → /ai/

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あい [áꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [a̠i]

### Noun

藍(あい) or 藍(アイ) • (ai)
* the Japanese indigo or Chinese indigo plant, Persicaria tinctoria
    Synonyms: 藍蓼 (aitade), 蓼藍 (tade-ai)
    Hypernym: 蓼 (tade)
* the color indigo, from the dye processed from the stems and leaves of various indigo plants
    Synonyms: 藍色 (aiiro, ranshoku), インジゴ (injigo), インディゴ (indigo)
* Short for 藍蝋 (airō): indigo pigment made from boiled-down indigo dye liquid

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as アイ.

#### Derived terms

* 藍色(あいいろ) (aiiro)
* 藍(あい)絵(え) (ai-e)
* 藍返(あいがえ)し (aigaeshi)
* 藍型(あいがた) (aigata)
* 藍紙(あいがみ) (aigami)
* 藍瓶(あいがめ), 藍甕(あいがめ) (aigame)
* 藍革(あいかわ) (aikawa)
* 藍隈(あいぐま) (aiguma)
* 藍(アイ)子(ゴ) (aigo)
* 藍鮫(アイザメ) (aizame)
* 藍下(あいした) (aishita)
* 藍汁(あいしる) (aishiru)
* 藍住(あいずみ) (Aizumi)
* 藍墨(あいずみ) (aizumi)
* 藍(あい)摺(ず)り (aizuri)
* 藍染(あいぞめ), 藍(あい)染(ぞ)め (aizome)
* 藍(あい)建(だ)て (aidate)
* 藍蓼(アイタデ) (aitade)
* 藍茸(アイタケ) (aitake)
* 藍玉(あいだま) (aidama) an indigo ball
* 藍(あい)韋(なめし) (ai-nameshi)
* 藍(あい)鼠(ねずみ) (ainezumi): bluish gray
* 藍花(あいばな) (aibana)
* 藍棒(あいぼう) (aibō)
* 藍(あい)微塵(みじん) (ai-mijin)
* 藍(アイ)水(ミ)泥(ドロ) (aimidoro)
* 藍(あい)海松(みる)茶(ちゃ) (aimirucha)
* 藍(あい)屋(や) (aiya)
* 藍焼(あいやき), 藍(あい)焼(や)き (aiyaki)
* 藍役(あいやく) (aiyaku)
* 藍蝋(あいろう) (airō): indigo pigment made from boiled-down indigo dye liquid
* 紫陽花(あじさい) (ajisai)
* インド藍(あい) (Indo-ai)
* 薄藍(うすあい) (usuai)
* 韓藍(からあい) (karaai)
* 木(キ)藍(アイ) (kiai)
* 紅(くれない) (kurenai), 呉(くれ)の藍(あい) (Kure-no-ai)
* 濃(こ)藍(あい) (koai), 濃藍(こいあい) (koiai)
* 紺藍(こんあい) (kon-ai)
* 地入(じい)れ藍(あい) (jiire ai)
* 白藍(しろあい) (shiroai)
* 人造(じんぞう)藍(あい) (jinzō-ai)
* 蓼藍(タデアイ) (tadeai)
* 漬藍(つけあい) (tsukeai)
* 天然(てんねん)藍(あい) (tennen-ai)
* 泥藍(どろあい) (doroai)
* 二藍(ふたあい) (futa-ai)
* ベロ藍(あい) (bero-ai)
* 襤褸(ぼろ)藍(あい) (boro-ai)
* 本藍(ほんあい) (hon-ai)
* 揉(も)み藍(あい) (momiai)
* 山藍(やまあい) (yamaai), 山藍(やまい) (yamai)
* 琉球(リュウキュウ)藍(アイ) (Ryūkyū-ai)

#### Proverbs

* 青(あお)は藍(あい)より出(い)でて藍(あい)より青(あお)し (ao wa ai yori idete ai yori aoshi)

### Proper noun

藍(あい) • (Ai)
* a female given name
* a surname

### References

* ↑ Thomas Pellard (2013). Ryukyuan perspectives on the proto-Japonic vowel system. Frellesvig, Bjarke; Sells, Peter. Japanese/Korean Linguistics 20, CSLI Publications, pp.81–96, 2013.
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
   * Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Entry at Nihonjiten (in Japanese)

## Korean
### Hanja

藍 (eumhun 쪽 람 (jjok ram), word-initial (South Korea) 쪽 남 (jjok nam))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

藍: Hán Nôm readings: lam, chàm, rôm, rườm, trôm, xám
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nôm Foundation