# मातृ
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मातृ (mātṛ).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /mɑːt̪ɾ/, [mäːt̪ɾ]

### Noun

मातृ • (mātŕ) f (Urdu spelling ماتر)
* (literary, rare, usually used in compounds) mother
    Synonyms: माँ (mā̃), माता (mātā), मादर (mādar)
    Coordinate term: पितृ (pitŕ)

#### Derived terms

* मातृभूमि (mātŕbhūmi, “motherland”)
* मातृभाषा (mātŕbhāṣā, “mother tongue”)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মাতৃ (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬵᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
* মাতৃ (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰯𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
* မာတၖ (Burmese script)
* માતૃ (Gujarati script)
* ਮਾਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑌾𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦴꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂰𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
* ಮಾತೃ (Kannada script)
* មាត្ឫ (Khmer script)
* ມາຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
* മാതൃ (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘰𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠠᢗᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧑𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐵𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
* ମାତୃ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢵꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖯𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
* මාතෘ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩛𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚭𑚙 (Takri script)
* மாத்ரி (Tamil script)
* మాతృ (Telugu script)
* มาตฺฤ (Thai script)
* མཱ་ཏྲྀ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒰𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨊𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *máHtā (“mother”), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 (m-a-t-a /⁠mātā⁠/), Old Armenian մայր (mayr), Ancient Greek μήτηρ (mḗtēr), Old Church Slavonic мати (mati), Latin māter, Old English mōdor (whence English mother).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /mɑː.tŕ̩/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /mɑː.t̪r̩/

#### Noun

मातृ • (mātṛ́) stem, f
* mother
** c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.55.5:सस्तु॑ मा॒ता सस्तु॑ पि॒ता सस्तु॒ श्वा सस्तु॑ वि॒श्पतिः॑ । स॒सन्तु॒ सर्वे॑ ज्ञा॒तयः॒ सस्त्व॒यम॒भितो॒ जनः॑ ॥sástu mātā́ sástu pitā́ sástu śvā́ sástu viśpátiḥ. sasántu sárve jñātáyaḥ sástvayámabhíto jánaḥ.Let the mother sleep, let the father sleep, let the dog sleep, let the village chief sleep. Let all the kinsmen and all the people who are round about sleep.

##### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* the nom. pl. is used also as acc. pl. in the epics

##### Derived terms

* मातृभूमि (mātṛbhūmi, “motherland”)
* मातृका (mātṛkā)
* मातुःष्वसृ (mātuḥṣvasṛ)
* मातृभाषा (mātṛbhāṣā)
* मातृप्रेम (mātṛprema)

##### Descendants

* Assamese: মা (ma), মাঁ (mã), মাই (mai), মাও (maü)
* Bengali: মা (ma), মাঁ (mã)
* → Bengali: মাতা (mata)
* Burmese: မာံ
* → Burmese: မာတီ (mati)
* Dhivehi: މާމް (mām̊)
* → Dhivehi: މަންމަ (man̊ma)
* English: Maa, Mam
* Gujarati: મા (mā), માઁ (mām̐)
* → Gujarati: માતા (mātā)
* Hindi: माँ (mā̃), मां (mā̃)
* → Hindi: माता (mātā)
* Javanese: ꦩꦴꦀ (mām)
* → Javanese: ꦩꦴꦠꦴ (mātā)
* Kannada: ಮಾಁ
* → Kannada: ಮಾತೆ (māte)
* Kashmiri:
** Sharada script: 𑆩𑆳𑆀 (mām̐)
** Devanagari script: माँ (mām̐)
** Arabic script: ماں
* → Kashmiri:
** Sharada script: 𑆩𑆾𑆘 (moja), 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆳 (mātā)
** Devanagari script: मोज (mōj), माता (mātā)
** Arabic script: ماتا (mātā), موج (mōj)
* Khmer: មាំ (mŏəm)
* → Khmer: ម្តាយ (mtaay)
* Malayalam: മാഁ (māഁ)
* → Malayalam: മാതാവ് (mātāvŭ), മാത (māta)
* Odia: ମାଁ (mā̃), ମା (mā)
* → Odia: ମାତା (mātā)
* Punjabi: ਮਾਁ, ਮਾਂ (mā̃)
* → Punjabi: ਮਾਤਾ (mātā)
* Pali: mātar
* Sinhalese: මාං (māṁ)
* → Sinhalese: මව (mawa)
* Telugu: మాఀ (mām̐)
* → Telugu: మాత (māta)
* Thai: แม่ (mɛ̂ɛ), มำ (mam), มา (maa)
* → Thai: มาตา, มารดา (maan-daa)
* Urdu: ماں (mā̃)
* → Urdu: ماتا (mātā)

### Etymology 2

From the root मा (mā) +‎ -तृ (-tṛ).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /mɑ́ː.tr̩/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /mɑː.t̪r̩/

#### Noun

मातृ • (mā́tṛ) stem, m
* one who measures
* one who knows

##### Declension

* ¹Vedic

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 804, column 2.
* Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 807, column 1.