# κουφίζω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From κοῦφος (koûphos) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuː.pʰíz.dɔː/ → /kuˈɸi.zo/ → /kuˈfi.zo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kuː.pʰíz.dɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kuˈpʰi.zo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /kuˈɸi.zo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /kuˈfi.zo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /kuˈfi.zo/

### Verb

κουφίζω • (kouphízō)
* (intransitive) to be light, of low weight
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 464-465:νειὸν δὲ σπείρειν ἔτι κουφίζουσαν ἄρουραν· νειὸς ἀλεξιάρη παίδων εὐκηλήτειρα.neiòn dè speírein éti kouphízousan árouran; neiòs alexiárē paídōn eukēlḗteira.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (intransitive, of pain) to be lightened, alleviated, reduced, assuaged
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, Aphorismi 2.27:τοῖσι μὴ κατὰ λόγον κουφίζουσιν οὐ δεῖ πιστεύειν, οὐδὲ φοβέεσθαι λίην τὰ μοχθηρὰ γινόμενα παραλόγως: τὰ γὰρ πολλὰ τῶν τοιουτέων ἐστὶν ἀβέβαια, καὶ οὐ πάνυ τι διαμένειν, οὐδὲ χρονίζειν εἴωθεν.toîsi mḕ katà lógon kouphízousin ou deî pisteúein, oudè phobéesthai líēn tà mokhthērà ginómena paralógōs: tà gàr pollà tôn toioutéōn estìn abébaia, kaì ou pánu ti diaménein, oudè khronízein eíōthen.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive) to make light
** (transitive) to lift, elevate, raise
*** 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, Birds 1760-1763:χεῖρα καὶ πτερῶν ἐμῶν λαβοῦσα συγχόρευσον· αἴρων δὲ κουφιῶ σʼ ἐγώ.kheîra kaì pterôn emôn laboûsa sunkhóreuson; aírōn dè kouphiô s egṓ.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (transitive, with genitive) to lighten of, relieve of
*** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, Histories 20.5.11:ἐπελθούσης μετ᾽ ὀλίγον τῆς πλήμης καὶ κουφισθεισῶν τῶν νεῶν, τῷ μὲν Νέωνι μεγάλην εἶχε χάριν ἐπὶ τῷ μὴ συνεπιτεθεῖσθαι σφίσι κατὰ τὴν περιπέτειαν, αὐτὸς δὲ τὸν προκείμενον ἐτέλει πλοῦν εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν.epelthoúsēs met’ olígon tês plḗmēs kaì kouphistheisôn tôn neôn, tôi mèn Néōni megálēn eîkhe khárin epì tôi mḕ sunepitetheîsthai sphísi katà tḕn peripéteian, autòs dè tòn prokeímenon etélei ploûn eis tḕn Asían.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (transitive) to relieve, alleviate, assuage
*** POxy. 126.8 :θελήσῃ ἡ σὴ αἰδεσιμότης ἐκ τῶν ἀποκειμ[έ]νων π[α]ρʼ αὐτ[ῇ δ]ημοσίων πτυκτῶν βαρέσαι τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα καὶ κουφίσαι τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ αὐτοῦ μου σοφωτάτου πατρὸς Ἰ(*)ωάν’νου καθʼ ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτὸν ἀπὸ ἐμβ[ο]λῆς καὶ χρυσικῶν τῆς σὺν θεῷ εἰσ[ιο]ύσης ἕκτης ἐπινεμήσεωthelḗsēi hē sḕ aidesimótēs ek tôn apokeim[é]nōn p[a]r aut[êi d]ēmosíōn ptuktôn barésai tò emòn ónoma kaì kouphísai tò ónoma toû autoû mou sophōtátou patròs I(*)ōán’nou kath hékaston eniautòn apò emb[o]lês kaì khrusikôn tês sùn theôi eis[io]úsēs héktēs epinemḗseō(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation
### Derived terms

* ἀνακουφίζω (anakouphízō)
* κούφισις (koúphisis)
* κούφισμα (koúphisma)
* κουφισμός (kouphismós)
* κουφιστήρ (kouphistḗr)
* κουφιστικός (kouphistikós)

### References

* “κουφίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κουφίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* κουφίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* κουφίζω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011