# Pyongyang
## English
### Alternative forms

* Pyeongyang (from Revised Romanization of Korean (RR))
* Pyengyang

### Etymology

Borrowed from Korean 평양(平壤) (Pyeong'yang, literally “flat land”), from the McCune–Reischauer (MR) romanisation P'yŏngyang, a Sino-Korean word from 平壤.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˌpjɔŋˈjæŋ/, /ˌpjɑŋˈjæŋ/, /ˌpjʌŋˈjɑŋ/
* (UK) IPA: /ˌpjɒŋˈjæŋ/, /ˌpjʌŋˈjɑːŋ/
* enPR: pyǔngʹyängʹ
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -æŋ, (UK) -ɑːŋ

### Proper noun

Pyongyang
* The capital city of North Korea.
** 1894, George N. Curzon, “Political and Commercial Symptoms in Korea”, in Problems of the Far East: Japan—Korea—China‎, 2nd edition, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, page 174:The British and subsequent Foreign Treaties with Korea stipulated for the opening of a further Treaty Port, Yang-hwa-chin on the river Han, as a river-port for the capital. If the steam-traffic on the Han is developed, Yong-san or Byong-san, which is only three miles from Söul, might be selected. The greatest advantage would result to the country from the opening of Pyong-yang on the Taidong river, which is only served by small native steamers and junks.
** 2017 November 30, Alexander Pearson, “Which countries have diplomatic relations with North Korea?”, in Deutsche Welle‎, archived from the original on December 01, 2017, News‎:Forty-seven countries host a North Korean embassy, while 24 have an embassy in Pyongyang. Most of the countries that do not have an embassy in North Korea handle their diplomatic affairs with the country from their embassies in neighboring China or South Korea.
** 2022 May 17, “North Korean military ramps up Covid response as outbreak grows”, in France 24‎, archived from the original on 17 May 2022‎:Hundreds of personnel in camouflage uniforms from the Korean People's Army medical units were seen rallying in the capital Pyongyang in photos released by the official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA). The military "urgently deployed its powerful forces to all pharmacies in Pyongyang City and began to supply medicines under the 24-hour service system", KCNA said.
** 2022 December 9, Choe Sang-hun, Pablo Robles, “North Korea Wants Dollars. It’s a Sign of Trouble.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-12-09‎:While other cities remain far behind, Mr. Kim has concentrated his resources on the capital, positioning Pyongyang as a model of urban development. Under Mr. Kim, North Korea has opened a new terminal at the city’s international airport, renovated subway stations and opened new amusement parks.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Pyongyang.
* (metonymically) The North Korean government.
** 2018 January 10, Zhenhua Lu, “US ‘welcomes’ softer tone on Korean Peninsula but watches Pyongyang warily”, in South China Morning Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on January 10, 2018, Asia‎:The US State Department said it welcomed talks between Pyongyang and Seoul on North Korea’s participation in the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, despite a US lawmaker’s call for America to boycott the Games.
** 2020 December 9, “South Korea questions Pyongyang’s claims to be virus-free”, in The Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on December 10, 2020‎:The sister of the North Korean leader Kim Jong-un has lambasted South Korea’s foreign minister for casting doubt over Pyongyang’s claim that the country has no coronavirus cases. North Korea closed its borders in January to avoid a spread of the virus and has insisted that it has had no cases.
** 2023 November 23, “Pyongyang got Moscow’s help in launching spy satellite, says Seoul”, in EFE‎, archived from the original on 25 November 2023‎:Pyongyang successfully launched a reconnaissance satellite on Tuesday after two failed attempts in May and August. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and Russian President Vladimir Putin met in September at Russia’s Vostochny Cosmodrome. Both parties reportedly agreed that Pyongyang would receive technical assistance from Moscow in the aerospace field in exchange for weapons to fight the Ukraine war.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Pyongyang.

#### Synonyms

* (from Japanese) Heijō
* (from Mandarin Chinese, uncommon) Pingrang, P'ing-jang
* Pengyang

#### Translations
### See also

* Seoul, capital city of South Korea

### References

* ↑ Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “Pyongyang”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World‎, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 1537, column 2: “(pyǔngʹyängʹ) Jap. [Japanese] Heijo or Heizyo […] Formerly spelled Pyengyang, Pingyang, and Phyong-yang.”
* ↑ “Pyong·yang”, in The International Geographic Encyclopedia and Atlas‎, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1979, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 633, column 2

### Further reading

* “Pyongyang”, in Collins English Dictionary.
* “Pyongyang”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* “P’yǒngyang”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* “Pyongyang” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2025.

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Korean 평양(平壤) (Pyeong'yang, literally “flat land”).

### Proper noun

Pyongyang n
* Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)

### Further reading

* Pyongyang on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* Pionguiangue

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pi.õ.ɡiˈɐ̃.ɡi/ [pɪ.õ.ɡɪˈɐ̃.ɡi], (faster pronunciation) /pjõˈɡjɐ̃.ɡi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /pi.õ.ɡiˈɐ̃.ɡi/ [pɪ.õ.ɡɪˈɐ̃.ɡi], (faster pronunciation) /pjõˈɡjɐ̃.ɡi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pi.õ.ɡiˈɐ̃.ɡe/ [pɪ.õ.ɡɪˈɐ̃.ɡe], (faster pronunciation) /pjõˈɡjɐ̃.ɡe/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pjõˈɡjɐ̃.ɡɨ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -ɐ̃ɡi, (Portugal) -ɐ̃ɡɨ

### Proper noun

Pyongyang f
* Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pjonɡjanɡ]
* Hyphenation: Pyong‧yang

### Proper noun

Pyongyang
* Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)