# 石膏
## Chinese

* 石膏

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shígāo
       (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄍㄠ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыго (šɨgo, I-II)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sek$^6$ gou$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sa̍k-kâu
    (Hailu, HRS): shag$^ˋ$ gau$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo$^2$ go$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h-ko
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zioh$^8$ go$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shígāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄍㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíhgao
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$-kao$^1$
*** Yale: shŕ-gāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrgau
*** Palladius: шигао (šigao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыго (šɨgo, I-II)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩²⁴ kɔ⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sek$^6$ gou$^1$
*** Yale: sehk gōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sek$^9$ gou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ség$^6$ gou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛːk̚² kou̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-kâu
*** Hakka Romanization System: sag gau$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sag$^6$ gau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ kau̯²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shag$^ˋ$ gau$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃak² kau⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^2$ go$^1$ [Phonetic: sieo$^5$ o$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sa̤̍uh-geo
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu¹³⁻²¹ $^{(k-)}$o⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^2$ go$^1$ [Phonetic: sieo$^5$ o$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu¹³⁻²¹ $^{(k-)}$ɵ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h-ko
*** Tâi-lô: tsio̍h-ko
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cioiqkoy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ ko⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² ko³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ ko⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ ko⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɤ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zioh$^8$ go$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsio̍h ko
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sioʔ⁴⁻² ko³³/
* Middle Chinese: dzyek kaw
Rime :
| Character | 石 | 膏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 常隻切 | 古勞切 |
| Baxter | dzyek | kaw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiæk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑiajk̚/ | /kaw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɛk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭɛk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ɛk̚/ | /kɑu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí | gāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^6$ | gou$^1$ |

### Noun

石膏
* gypsum
* plaster
* (medicine) cast (supportive and immobilising device used to help mend broken bones)
    打石膏 ― dǎ shígāo ― to put in a cast

#### Derived terms

* 石膏工 (shígāogōng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 石膏(せっこう) (sekkō)
* → Korean: 석고(石膏) (seokgo)
* → Vietnamese: thạch cao (石膏)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 石 | 膏 |
| せき > せっ Grade: 1 | こう Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せっこー [sèkkóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞k̚ko̞ː]

### Noun

石(せっ)膏(こう) • (sekkō)
* plaster
* gypsum

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 石 | 膏 |

### Noun

石膏 • (seokgo) (hangeul 석고)
* hanja form of 석고 (“plaster; gypsum”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 石 | 膏 |

### Noun

石膏
* chữ Hán form of thạch cao (“plaster; gypsum”).