# σχίζω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *skʰíďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *skid-yé-ti, from *skeyd- (“to divide, split”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /skʰíz.dɔː/ → /ˈsçi.zo/ → /ˈsçi.zo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /skʰíz.dɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈskʰi.zo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈsçi.zo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈsçi.zo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈsçi.zo/

### Verb

σχῐ́ζω • (skhĭ́zō)
* to split, cleave
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 428:ὅς τε μάλ’ ἐνδυκέως ῥινὸν κρατεροῖς ὀνύχεσσι σχίσσαςhós te mál’ endukéōs rhinòn krateroîs onúkhessi skhíssasvery eagerly ripping the hide with his strong claws
** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Hermes 128:καὶ ἔσχισε δώδεκα μοίρας κληροπαλεῖςkaì éskhise dṓdeka moíras klēropaleîsand cut them into twelve portions distributed by lot
** to part, separate, divide
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.17:ὁ γὰρ δὴ Νεῖλος […] ῥέει μέσην Αἴγυπτον σχίζων ἐς θάλασσαν.ho gàr dḕ Neîlos […] rhéei mésēn Aígupton skhízōn es thálassan.For the Nile […] divides Egypt in two parts as it flows to the sea.
*** 360 BCE, Plato, The Sophist 264d:πάλιν τοίνυν ἐπιχειρῶμεν, σχίζοντες διχῇ τὸ προτεθὲν γένοςpálin toínun epikheirômen, skhízontes dikhêi tò protethèn génosThen let us try again; dividing in two the proposed class
** to curdle milk
*** 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 2.70
* (figuratively) to divide
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.219:ἐνθαῦτα ἐβουλεύοντο οἱ Ἕλληνες, καί σφεων ἐσχίζοντο αἱ γνῶμαι:enthaûta ebouleúonto hoi Héllēnes, kaí spheōn eskhízonto hai gnômai:The Hellenes then took counsel, but their opinions were divided.

#### Derived terms

* ἀκροσχῐδής (akroskhĭdḗs)
* ᾰ̓νᾰσχῐ́ζω (ănăskhĭ́zō)
* ᾰ̓ποσχῐ́ζω (ăposkhĭ́zō)
* ᾰ̓σχῐδής (ăskhĭdḗs)
* αὐτοσχῐδής (autoskhĭdḗs)
* δῐᾰσχῐδής (dĭăskhĭdḗs)
* δῐᾰσχῐ́ζω (dĭăskhĭ́zō)
* δῐσχῐδής (dĭskhĭdḗs)
* ἐκσχῐ́ζω (ekskhĭ́zō)
* ἐνσχῐ́ζω (enskhĭ́zō)
* ἐπῐσχῐ́ζω (epĭskhĭ́zō)
* εὐσχῐδής (euskhĭdḗs)
* κᾰτᾰσχῐ́ζω (kătăskhĭ́zō)
* λεπτοσχῐδής (leptoskhĭdḗs)
* μεγασχῐδής (megaskhĭdḗs)
* μεσοσχῐδής (mesoskhĭdḗs)
* μονοσχῐδής (monoskhĭdḗs)
* νεοσχῐδής (neoskhĭdḗs)
* πᾰρᾰσχῐ́ζω (părăskhĭ́zō)
* περισχῐδής (periskhĭdḗs)
* περισχῐ́ζω (periskhĭ́zō)
* πολῠσχῐδής (polŭskhĭdḗs)
* προσχῐ́ζω (proskhĭ́zō)
* σῠσχῐ́ζω (sŭskhĭ́zō)
* τετρασχῐδής (tetraskhĭdḗs)
* τρισχῐδής (triskhĭdḗs)
* ῠ̔ποσχῐ́ζω (hŭposkhĭ́zō)
* χᾰμαισχῐδής (khămaiskhĭdḗs)

#### Related terms

* σχῐ́δαξ (skhĭ́dax)
* σχῐ́δῐον (skhĭ́dĭon)
* σχῐ́ζᾰ (skhĭ́ză)
* σχιζίον (skhizíon)
* σχινδύλησις (skhindúlēsis)
* σχῐ́σῐς (skhĭ́sĭs)
* σχῐ́σμᾰ (skhĭ́smă)
* σχισμή (skhismḗ)
* σχισμός (skhismós)
* σχιστός (skhistós)

#### References

* “σχίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* σχίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* σχίζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G4977 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly from Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō). See σκίζω (skízo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsçi.zo/
* Hyphenation: σχί‧ζω

### Verb

σχίζω • (schízo) (past έσχισα, passive σχίζομαι)
* (formal) Alternative form of σκίζω (skízo) to only for the literary sense: slit, tear