# 扁

| 扁 | U+6241, &#25153; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6241 |
| ← 所 [U+6240] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 扂 → [U+6242] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 扁 |
| Simplified | 扁 |
| Traditional | 扁 |

### Han character

扁 (Kangxi radical 63, 戶+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸月廿 (HSBT) or 戈尸月廿 (ISBT) or 難戈尸月廿 (XISBT), four-corner 3022$_7$, composition ⿸戶冊(KT) or ⿸户冊(GH) or ⿸戸冊(J))

#### Derived characters

* 偏 諞 (谝) 揙 徧 猵 惼 媥 𰀙 騙 (骗) 編 (编) 楄 犏 牑 斒 煸 碥 稨 褊 蝙 艑 糄 蹁 鍽 鯿 (鳊) 𡎚 㞈 㴜 㻞 䐔 䡢 䭏
* 甂 翩 騗 鶣 㓲 㲢 㼐 萹 篇 匾 遍 㾫

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 415, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11724
* Dae Jaweon: page 760, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2261, character 11
* Unihan data for U+6241

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 扁 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 斒 | *preːn, *praːn |
| 鯿 | *praːn, *pen |
| 編 | *pen, *peːn, *peːnʔ |
| 揙 | *pen |
| 褊 | *penʔ |
| 篇 | *pʰen |
| 偏 | *pʰen, *pʰens |
| 翩 | *pʰen |
| 媥 | *pʰen |
| 扁 | *pʰen, *benʔ, *peːnʔ, *beːnʔ |
| 萹 | *pʰen, *peːn, *peːnʔ |
| 騗 | *pʰens |
| 騙 | *pʰens |
| 諞 | *ben, *brenʔ, *benʔ |
| 楄 | *ben, *beːn |
| 蝙 | *peːn |
| 甂 | *peːn |
| 猵 | *peːn, *binʔ |
| 牑 | *peːn |
| 蹁 | *peːn, *beːn |
| 匾 | *peːnʔ |
| 碥 | *peːnʔ |
| 惼 | *peːnʔ |
| 糄 | *peːnʔ |
| 徧 | *peːns |
| 遍 | *peːns |
| 頨 | *peːns, *ɢʷaʔ, *qʰʷan |
| 艑 | *beːnʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 戶 (“door”) + 冊 (“bamboo tablets”) – to inscribe on the door, or two things that are flat and thin.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pyar (“flat, thin”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): biǎn (bian$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bian$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bin$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pién
    (Hailu, HRS): bien$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): biên$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bēng / biēng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bang$^3$ / bue$^3$ / buiⁿ$^3$ / beng$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pián / píⁿ / pín / pún
    (Teochew, Peng'im): biang$^2$ / biêng$^2$ / bin$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$pi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biǎn
*** Wade–Giles: pien$^3$
*** Yale: byǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bean
*** Palladius: бянь (bjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: bian$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bian
*** Sinological IPA : /piɛn⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bin$^2$
*** Yale: bín
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bin$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pién
*** Hakka Romanization System: bien$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi̯en³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: bien$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pien²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: biên$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /piɛn³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bēng / biēng
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛiŋ³³/, /pieŋ³³/
* bēng - vernacular;
* biēng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: penX, bjienX, benX
Rime :
| Character | 扁 | 扁 | 扁 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 4/4 | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 並 (3) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 仙 (77) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 方典切 | 符善切 | 薄泫切 |
| Baxter | penX | bjienX | benX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pen$^X$/ | /biᴇn$^X$/ | /ben$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pen$^X$/ | /biɛn$^X$/ | /ben$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pɛn$^X$/ | /bjæn$^X$/ | /bɛn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pɛn$^X$/ | /bian$^X$/ | /bɛn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pen$^X$/ | /biɛn$^X$/ | /ben$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pien$^X$/ | /bĭɛn$^X$/ | /bien$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pien$^X$/ | /bʱi̯ɛn$^X$/ | /bʱien$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | biǎn | biàn | biàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bin$^2$ | bin$^6$ | bin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤe[r]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*peːnʔ/, /*benʔ/, /*beːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 扁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | biǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pen$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*pˁe[r]ʔ/ |
| English | flat and thin |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 扁 | 扁 | 扁 |
| Reading # | 3/4 | 2/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 732 | 724 | 744 |
| Phonetic component | 扁 | 扁 | 扁 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 編 | 楩 | 辮 |
| Old Chinese | /*peːnʔ/ | /*benʔ/ | /*beːnʔ/ |

##### Definitions

扁
* flat and thin (like a pancake)
    踩扁 ― cǎibiǎn ― to trample flat
    ni$^1$ go$^3$ zam$^2$ tau$^4$ ji$^5$ ging$^1$ co$^5$ dou$^3$ bin$^2$ saai$^3$. [Jyutping]
    This pillow has become flat from constant use.
* to inscribe on the door
* to curl one's lips
* to underestimate; to underrate
* (dialectal) to beat; to give someone a good beating
    海扁 [dialectal Mandarin] ― hǎi biǎn [Pinyin] ― to beat someone tremendously
    欠扁 ― qiànbiǎn ― to deserve beating
* (dialectal) to hide in the waist
* Original form of 匾 (biǎn, “horizontal inscribed board; tablet; signboard”).
* a surname

##### See also

* 薄 (bó)
* 平 (píng, “flat; smooth; level”)

##### Compounds

* 倒扁兒 / 倒扁儿
* 山扁豆
* 扁塌臉 / 扁塌脸
* 扁平 (biǎnpíng)
* 扁平足 (biǎnpíngzú)
* 扁底舟
* 扁挑
* 扁擔 / 扁担
* 扁擔戲 / 扁担戏
* 扁擔飯 / 扁担饭
* 扁柏 (biǎnbó)
* 扁桃 (biǎntáo)
* 扁桃腺 (biǎntáoxiàn)
* 扁桃腺炎 (biǎntáoxiàn yán)
* 扁毛畜生
* 扁簪
* 扁蒲
* 扁蜥 (biǎnxī)
* 扁蟾 (biǎnchán)
* 扁豆 (biǎndòu)
* 扁銼 / 扁锉
* 扁鑽 / 扁钻
* 扁額 / 扁额
* 扁食 (biǎnshi)
* 扁魚 / 扁鱼
* 扁鵲 / 扁鹊
* 扁鼓 (biǎngǔ)
* 揍扁
* 看扁 (kànbiǎn)
* 輪扁 / 轮扁
* 輪扁斲輪 / 轮扁斲轮
* 野毛扁豆
* 針線扁 / 针线扁
* 馬扁 / 马扁
* 馬扁兒 / 马扁儿

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piān (pian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pin$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phian
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$phi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piān
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pian
*** Wade–Giles: pʻien$^1$
*** Yale: pyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pian
*** Palladius: пянь (pjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pin$^1$
*** Yale: pīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phian
*** Tâi-lô: phian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiefn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$phi
*** MiniDict: phi$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$phi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰi⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: phjien
Rime :
| Character | 扁 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 芳連切 |
| Baxter | phjien |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰian/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰen/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 扁 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| No. | 715 |
| Phonetic component | 扁 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 篇 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰen/ |

##### Definitions

扁
* small; little; narrow
* Alternative form of 偏 (piān, “out-of-the-way; remote; one-sided”)

##### Compounds

* 扁舟 (piānzhōu)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 扁 – see 萹 (“knotgrass; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 萹).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 扁 – see 藊. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 藊).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 扁 – see 稨. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 稨).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| 扁󠄂 扁+&#xE0102; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| Kyūjitai | 扁 |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* flat (adjective)

#### Readings

* Go-on: へん (hen)
* Kan-on: へん (hen)
* Kun: ひらたい (hiratai, 扁たい)

## Korean
### Hanja

扁 (eumhun 작을 편 (jageul pyeon))
* hanja form of 편 (“small; flat”)

#### Compounds

* 편평 (扁平, pyeonpyeong, “being wide and flat”)

## Tày
### Noun

扁 (ben)
* Nôm form of ben (“pack; bundle”).

### Verb

扁 (ben)
* Nôm form of ben (“to wrap around”).
    七眉扁𦙫眉咀Chết mì ben, chiêng mì thó(please add an English translation of this usage example)

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

## Vietnamese
### Han character

扁: Hán Việt readings: biển, thiên, biên
扁: Nôm readings: biển, bên, bẽn, thiên
* chữ Hán form of biển (“flat, thin”).

#### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 5 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 Trần (1999).
* 1 2 Nguyễn (1974).
* 1 2 Thiều Chửu (1942).