OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ფსიქიკა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰsikʰikʼa]
* Hyphenation: ფსი‧ქი‧კა

### Noun

ფსიქიკა • (psikiḳa) (plural ფსიქიკები)
* psyche, mentality, mind, mental state, psychological state

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ფსკერი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰskʼeɾi]
* Hyphenation: ფსკე‧რი

### Noun

ფსკერი • (psḳeri) (usually uncountable, plural ფსკერები)
* bottom
    Synonym: ძირი (ʒiri)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ფუჩური
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* ფუჩუ (puču)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰut͡ʃʰuɾi]
* Hyphenation: ფუ‧ჩუ‧რი

### Noun

ფუჩური • (pučuri) (plural ფუჩურები)
* (vulgar) vulva

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

### References

* Beriʒe, Vuḳol (1912) “ფუჩური”, in Siṭq̇vis-ḳona imerul da rač̣ul tkmata (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 6)‎ (in Georgian), Saint Petersburg: Academy press, page 46b
# ფუჭი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian پوچ (puč).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰut͡ʃʼi]
* Hyphenation: ფუ‧ჭი

### Adjective

ფუჭი • (puč̣i) (comparative უფრო ფუჭი, superlative ყველაზე ფუჭი)
* futile, vein

#### Derived terms

* აფუჭებს (apuč̣ebs)
# ფშატი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Armenian փշատ (pʻšat).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰʃatʼi]
* Hyphenation: ფშა‧ტი

### Noun

ფშატი • (pšaṭi)
* oleaster, Elaeagnus angustifolia
* (Meskheti) oleaster-leafed pear (Pyrus elaeagrifolia)
    Synonyms: ქართული ბერყენა (kartuli berq̇ena), პტყენა (ṗṭq̇ena)

### References

* ↑ Ɣlonṭi, Aleksandre (1975) “ფშატი”, in Kartul ḳilo-tkmata siṭq̇vis ḳona [Dictionary of dialectal Georgian words]‎ (in Georgian), volume II, Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 168, quotes Maqashvili but mistakenly glosses as simply ბერყენა (berq̇ena, “willow-leaved pear”) instead of ქართული ბერყენა (kartuli berq̇ena, “oleaster-leafed pear”).

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “փշատ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 508ab
* Rayfield, Donald, editor (2006), “ფშატი”, in A Comprehensive Georgian–English Dictionary, London: Garnett Press
* Maq̇ašvili, Aleksandre (1961) “ქართული ბერყენა”, in Boṭaniḳuri leksiḳoni [Botanical Dictionary]‎, 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Sabč̣ota Sakartvelo
# ქალბატონი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From ქალი (kali, “woman”) +‎ ბატონი (baṭoni, “gentleman”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰalbatʼoni]
* Hyphenation: ქალ‧ბა‧ტო‧ნი

### Noun

ქალბატონი • (kalbaṭoni) (plural ქალბატონები)
* (often as an addressing form) madam, lady, Ms, Mrs
    ქალბატონი თამარ ― kalbaṭoni tamar ― Mrs. Tamar
    ქალბატონებო და ბატონებო ― kalbaṭonebo da baṭonebo ― ladies and gentlemen
    ქალბატონო! ― kalbaṭono! ― Ma'am!
* (historical) the wife of a master of a feudal manor

#### Coordinate terms

* ბატონი (baṭoni)
* ვაჟბატონი (važbaṭoni)
# কাতার
## Bengali
### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /kat̪aɾ/, [ˈkat̪aɾ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /kat̪aɹ/, [ˈkat̪aɹ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: কা‧তার

### Proper noun

কাতার • (katar)
* Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

### Noun

কাতার • (katar)
* queue, row
# ძამაშვილი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Probably from ძამა (ʒama, “brother”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡zamaʃʷili]
* Hyphenation: ძა‧მაშ‧ვი‧ლი

### Proper noun

ძამაშვილი • (ʒamašvili)
* a surname
# Poboru
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Poboru.

### Proper noun

Poboru
* A commune of Olt County, Romania.
# მხედარი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian მჴედარი (mqedari); most probably an archaic participle, which underwent substantivization.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mχedaɾi]
* Hyphenation: მხე‧და‧რი

### Noun

მხედარი • (mxedari) (plural მხედრები)
* equestrian, horseman, rider
* (chess) knight

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* მხედრული (mxedruli)

### See also

Chess pieces in Georgian · ჭადრაკის ფიგურები (č̣adraḳis pigurebi) (layout · text) :
| მეფე (mepe) | დედოფალი (dedopali), ლაზიერი (lazieri) | ეტლი (eṭli) | კუ (ḳu) | მხედარი (mxedari) | პაიკი (ṗaiḳi) |
# iedarbīgākiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

iedarbīgākiem
* dative/instrumental masculine plural of iedarbīgāks
# kanajoq
## Greenlandic
### Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *känäjų̣- (“sculpin”). Cognate with Inuinnaqtun kanajuq, Inupiaq kanayuq, and Inuktitut ᑲᓇᔪᖅ (kanayoq).

### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /kanajuq/, [kə.nə.jɔq]

### Noun

kanajoq (plural kanassat)
* sculpin
* shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius)

#### References

* oqaasileriffik
# Falco naumanni
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Falco naumanni m
* A taxonomic species within the family Falconidae – the lesser kestrel.

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Falconiformes - order; Falconidae - family; Falconinae - subfamily; Falconini - tribe; Falco - genus

### References

* Falco naumanni on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Falco naumanni on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Falco naumanni on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# Cambria
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Cambria, from Middle Welsh Kymry, from Proto-Brythonic *kömrüɣ, plural of *kömroɣ. Doublet of Cumberland, Cumbria, and Cymru. Cognate with Welsh Cymru.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkæm.bɹi.ə/, /ˈkeɪm.bɹi.ə/

### Proper noun

Cambria
* (historical) Wales, a constituent country of the United Kingdom.
* A number of places in the United States:
** A census-designated place in San Luis Obispo County, California.
** A village in Williamson County, Illinois.
** An unincorporated community in Owen Township, Clinton County, Indiana.
** An unincorporated community in Washington Township, Wayne County, Iowa.
** A township in Saline County, Kansas.
** A township and census-designated place therein, in Hillsdale County, Michigan.
** A township and unincorporated community therein, in Blue Earth County, Minnesota.
** A town in Niagara County, New York; some of the early settlers were from Wales.
** A former farming colony in Pennsylvania.
** A township in Cambria County, Pennsylvania.
** An unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia.
** A village in Columbia County, Wisconsin.
** A ghost town, a former coal town in Weston County, Wyoming.
* A tiny community of the town of Drumheller, Alberta, Canada.
* The Rural Municipality of Cambria No. 6, a rural municipality in southern Saskatchewan, Canada.
* (rare) A female given name.

#### Derived terms

* Cambria County
* Cambrian

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Kambria

### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Welsh Kymry (modern Cymru, Cymry). First attested in, and likely coined by, Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1136).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkam.bri.a/, [ˈkämbriä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈkam.bri.a/, [ˈkämbriä]

### Proper noun

Cambria f sg (genitive Cambriae); first declension
* (Medieval Latin) Wales (a medieval principality and region of the Kingdom of England)
* (New Latin) Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)
    Synonyms: Wallia, Britannia

#### Declension

First-declension noun, with locative, singular only.

#### Derived terms

* cambriānus
* cambricus

### References

* ↑ Pryce, Huw (2001 September) “British or Welsh? National Identity in Twelfth-Century Wales”, in The English Historical Review, volume 116, number 468, →JSTOR, page 797
# MacClean
## English
### Proper noun

MacClean
* A surname.
# kërnalle
## Albanian
### Etymology

Unknown. Maybe a substrate word, along with archaic Romanian genune (“sea”), reconstructing archaic *keùrnaulia. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kəɹˈnaɫɛ]

### Noun

kërnálle f (plural kërnalle, definite kërnallja, definite plural kërnallet)
* (poetic) desert
* (figurative) empty place
* (Arbëresh) ocean

#### Synonyms

* ujanë
* oqean

### Further reading

* “kërnalle”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “kërnalle”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# ungehirsume
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈun.jeˌxiːr.su.me/, [ˈun.jeˌhiːrˠ.zu.me]

### Adjective

unġehīrsume
* inflection of unġehīrsum:
** strong accusative feminine singular
** strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular
** strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
** weak nominative feminine/neuter singular
** weak accusative neuter singular
# orðonc
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈorˌθonk/, [ˈorˌθoŋk]

### Noun

orðonc m
* Alternative spelling of orþonc

### Adjective

orðonc
* Alternative spelling of orþonc
# undeopre
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunˌde͜oːp.re/

### Adjective

undēopre
* strong genitive/dative/instrumental feminine singular of undēop
# hundene
## Danish
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Seems like the stød in hund disappears?”

### Noun

hundene
* definite plural of hund

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

hundene m
* definite plural of hund

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxun.de.ne/, [ˈhun.de.ne]

### Adjective

hundene
* inflection of hunden:
** strong accusative feminine singular
** strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular
** strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
** weak nominative feminine/neuter singular
** weak accusative neuter singular
# ქალწული
## Georgian
### Etymology

From ქალი (kali, “woman”) +‎ წული (c̣uli, “child”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰalt͡sʼuli]
* Hyphenation: ქალ‧წუ‧ლი
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ქალწული • (kalc̣uli) (plural ქალწულები)
* damsel, maid, maiden, vestal, virgin
* (astronomy, astrology) Virgo

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* ქალწულობა (kalc̣uloba)
* ქალწულება (kalc̣uleba)

### Proper noun

ქალწული • (kalc̣uli)
* Virgo

### See also

Zodiac signs in Georgian (layout · text) :
| ვერძი (verʒi) | კურო (ḳuro) | მარჩბივი/ტყუპები (marčbivi/ṭq̇uṗebi) | კირჩხიბი (ḳirčxibi) |
| ლომი (lomi) | ქალწული (kalc̣uli) | სასწორი (sasc̣ori) | ღრიანკალი (ɣrianḳali) |
| მშვილდოსანი (mšvildosani) | თხის რქა (txis rka) | მერწყული (merc̣q̇uli) | თევზები (tevzebi) |
# ძარღვი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Georgian ძარღჳ (ʒarɣwi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡zaɾʁʷi]
* Hyphenation: ძარ‧ღვი

### Noun

ძარღვი • (ʒarɣvi) (plural ძარღვები)
* vein, lode, streak
    Synonym: ვენა (vena)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* სისხლძარღვი (sisxlʒarɣvi)
* მაჯის ძარღვი (maǯis ʒarɣvi)

#### Descendants

* → Svan: ძარღუ̂ (ʒarɣû), ძა̈რღუ̂ (ʒärɣû), არღუ̂ძ (arɣûʒ)
# 敇

| 敇 | U+6547, &#25927; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6547 |
| ← 敆 [U+6546] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 效 → [U+6548] |

## Translingual
### Han character

敇 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木月人大 (DBOK), composition ⿰朿攵)
* (archaic) to whip (a horse)

#### Derived characters

* 蓛 𢲆 𥰡 𢿋 𧜌

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 470, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13175
* Dae Jaweon: page 820, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1457, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6547

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs) + semantic 攵 (“to hit; punishment”).

### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 敇 – see 策 (“to whip a horse”). (This character is an ancient form of 策).

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 敇 – see 敕 (“to admonish; to command; etc.”). (This character is an erroneous or mistaken form of 敕).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C04580
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B01471-006

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さく (saku)、しゃく (shaku)
* Kun: むちうつ (muchiutsu)
# ნადი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian ნადი (nadi), from Proto-Kartvelian *nad-.

### Noun

ნადი • (nadi) (uncountable)
* The practice of helping a fellow countryman (especially in rural areas)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ქართველი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian ქართველი (kartveli); see below. Cognate with Mingrelian ქორთუ (kortu) and Laz ქორთუ (kortu). Svan ქა̈რთ (kärt) is probably from the same source.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaɾtʰʷeli]
* Hyphenation: ქარ‧თვე‧ლი

### Adjective

ქართველი • (kartveli) (not comparable)
* (Of person) Of Georgian descent
    ქართველი ჯარისკაციkartveli ǯarisḳaciA Georgian soldier

#### Declension
### Noun

ქართველი • (kartveli) (plural ქართველები)
* person from the country of Georgia in the Caucasus; Georgian

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Related terms

* ქართული (kartuli)
* საქართველო (sakartvelo)

## Old Georgian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Kartvelian *kart-, which also produced a placename ქართლი (kartli, “Kartli”), thus, originally, the term referred to an inhabitant of the Georgian core central region of Kartli (the eastern part of present Georgia, Known to Classical authors as Iberia).
Klimov considers Svan ქა̈რთ (kärt, “Tbilisi”) to be borrowed from Georgian. He reconstructs the root as Proto-Georgian-Zan *kart(w)- and derives ქართველი (kartveli) from inflected *kartw-el-. He also points out that this Proto-Georgian-Zan term, alongside *m-egr-el- (whence Georgian მეგრელი (megreli) and Mingrelian მარგალი (margali)), indicates the presence of an important ethnic division as early as the Proto-Georgian-Zan period.

### Noun

ქართველი • (kartveli)
* (person) Georgian

#### Descendants

* Georgian: ქართველი (kartveli)
* → Svan: ქართუ̂ელ (kartûel)

### References

* Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 213
* Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 458
* Fähnrich, Heinz, Sarǯvelaʒe, Zurab (2000) Kartvelur enata eṭimologiuri leksiḳoni [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), 2nd edition, Tbilisi: University Press, page 486
* Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “ქართველი”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)]‎ (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 451
# ქართული
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian ქართული (kartuli).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaɾtʰuli]
* Hyphenation: ქარ‧თუ‧ლი
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

ქართული • (kartuli)
* Georgian language; the official language of Georgia

### Adjective

ქართული • (kartuli) (comparative უფრო ქართული, superlative ყველაზე ქართული)
* (of inanimate objects) Of, from, or pertaining to the country of Georgia; Georgian

#### Derived terms

* კარგი ქართულია (ḳargi kartulia)
* რა ქართულია (ra kartulia)
* ქართული ბადრიჯანი (kartuli badriǯani)

#### Related terms

* ქართველი (kartveli)

## Old Georgian
### Etymology

From Proto-Georgian-Zan *kart-ul-, from earlier *kart(w)-. According to some, from Proto-Kartvelian *kart-. See ქართველი (kartveli) for more.

### Adjective

ქართული • (kartuli)
* (of inanimate objects) Georgian

### Noun

ქართული • (kartuli)
* Georgian language

#### Descendants

* Georgian: ქართული (kartuli)
* → Svan: ქართუ̂ილ (kartûil)

### References

* Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 213
# ქაშმირი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaʃmiɾi]

### Proper noun

ქაშმირი • (kašmiri) (uncountable)
* Kashmir
* Kashmiri

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# glottalized
## English
### Verb

glottalized
* simple past and past participle of glottalize

#### Derived terms

* nonglottalized
* unglottalized
# ქვაბი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian ქუაბი (kuabi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰʷabi]
* Hyphenation: ქვა‧ბი

### Noun

ქვაბი • (kvabi) (plural ქვაბები)
* caldron, cauldron, pan, saucepan

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Derived terms

* ორთქლის ქვაბი (ortklis kvabi)
* ჩალხანა ქვაბი (čalxana kvabi)
* თანგირა ქვაბი (tangira kvabi)

#### See also

* ტაფა (ṭapa)
# ქვედა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰʷeda]
* Hyphenation: ქვე‧და

### Adjective

ქვედა • (kveda) (indeclinable, comparative უფრო ქვედა, superlative ყველაზე ქვედა)
* lower, nether
    Antonym: ზედა (zeda)

#### Derived terms

* ქვედა პალატა (kveda ṗalaṭa)
# ქვენაფენი ქანი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰʷenapʰeni kʰani]
* Hyphenation: ქვე‧ნა‧ფე‧ნი ქა‧ნი

### Noun

ქვენაფენი ქანი • (kvenapeni kani) (plural ქვენაფენი ქანები)
* (geology) bedrock

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ქვისლი
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* ქვისელი (kviseli), მქვისელი (mkviseli) — Mtiuleti, Khevi

### Etymology

From Proto-Kartvelian *kwis₁l-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰʷisli]
* Hyphenation: ქვის‧ლი

### Noun

ქვისლი • (kvisli) (plural ქვისლები)
* brother-in-law

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Coordinate terms
### References

* Šaniʒe, Aḳaḳi (1984) “ქვისლი”, in Kartuli ḳiloebi mtaši [Georgian Mountain Dialects] (Txzulebani tormeṭ ṭomad; 1) (in Georgian), Tbilisi: University Press, page 419a
# ქვიშისფერი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From ქვიშა (kviša) +‎ -ფერი (-peri).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰʷiʃispʰeɾi]

### Adjective

ქვიშისფერი • (kvišisperi) (comparative უფრო ქვიშისფერი, superlative ყველაზე ქვიშისფერი)
* (neologism) sand-colored

#### Declension
### See also

Colors in Georgian · ფერები (perebi) (layout · text) :
| თეთრი (tetri), ქათქათა (katkata), სპეტაკი (sṗeṭaḳi) | ნაცრისფერი (nacrisperi), რუხი (ruxi), ლეგა (lega) | შავი (šavi), ბნელი (bneli), მუქი (muki) |
| წითელი (c̣iteli); ჟოლოსფერი (žolosperi), ალისფერი (alisperi), მეწამული (mec̣amuli) | ნარინჯისფერი (narinǯisperi); ყავისფერი (q̇avisperi), წაბლისფერი (c̣ablisperi) | ყვითელი (q̇viteli), თაფლისფერი (taplisperi), ჟანგისფერი (žangisperi); ნაღებისფერი (naɣebisperi) (neologism) |
| მომწვანო-მოყვითალო (momc̣vano-moq̇vitalo), ყვითელ-მწვანე (q̇vitel-mc̣vane), სალათისფერი (salatisperi) (neologism), ცაცხვისფერი (cacxvisperi) (neologism) | მწვანე (mc̣vane), ზურმუხტისფერი (zurmuxṭisperi) | პიტნისფერი (ṗiṭnisperi) (neologism) |
| მომწვანო-მოცისფრო (momc̣vano-mocispro), მოცისფრო-მწვანე (mocispro-mc̣vane); ფირუზისფერი (piruzisperi), მოლურჯო-მწვანე (molurǯo-mc̣vane) | ლაჟვარდოვანი (lažvardovani) / ლაჟვარდისფერი (lažvardisperi), ცისფერი (cisperi) | ლურჯი (lurǯi) |
| იისფერი (iisperi); მოლურჯო-მოიისფრო (molurǯo-moiispro), ინდიგოსფერი (indigosperi) (neologism) | მოვარდისფრო-მოიისფრო (movardispro-moiispro); იასამნისფერი (iasamnisperi), მოწითალო-მოლურჯო (moc̣italo-molurǯo) | ვარდისფერი (vardisperi) |
# glottal
## English
### Etymology

From glottis +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡlɒt.l̩/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɡlɑ.tl̩/, [ˈɡlɑ.ɾl̩]
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈɡlɔt.l̩/, [ˈɡlɔɾ.l̩]
* Rhymes: -ɒtəl
* Hyphenation: glot‧tal

### Adjective

glottal (not comparable)
* Of or relating to the glottis.
* (phonetics) Articulated with the glottis.
** 1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 256:Her Malay was the Malay of the Staate of Lanchap [...] and she spoke it fierily, with crisp glottal checks, with much bubbling reduplication.

#### Synonyms

* glottic
* glottidean

#### Derived terms

* glottal catch
* glottal fry
* glottalic
* glottalise
* glottality
* glottalization
* glottalize
* glottalling
* glottal stop
* glottal-stopped
* infraglottal
* intraglottal
* nonglottal
* periglottal
* pharyngoglottal
* subglottal
* supraglottal
* transglottal

#### Translations
### Noun

glottal (plural glottals)
* (linguistics) A sound made with the glottis

## French
### Etymology

Derived from glott(e) (“glottis”) +‎ -al (“-al”, adjectival derivational suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡlɔ.tal/

### Adjective

glottal (feminine glottale, masculine plural glottaux, feminine plural glottales)
* (anatomy, relational) glottis; glottal
* (phonetics) articulated with the glottis, glottal

#### Related terms

* supraglottal
* épiglottal

### Further reading

* “glottal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin glottalis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡlɔˈtaːl/, [ɡlɔˈtaːl], [ɡlo-]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: glot‧tal

### Adjective

glottal (strong nominative masculine singular glottaler, not comparable)
* glottal
    Synonyms: Stimmritzen-, (linguistics also) Kehlkopf-

#### Derived terms

* Glottal m
* glottalisieren
* Glottalität

#### Related terms

* Glottis

### Further reading

* “glottal” in Duden online
* “glottal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# ქიმიური ფიზიკა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰimiuɾi pʰizikʼa]
* Hyphenation: ქი‧მი‧უ‧რი ფი‧ზი‧კა

### Noun

ქიმიური ფიზიკა • (kimiuri piziḳa) (uncountable)
* (chemistry, physics) chemical physics

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ქირია
## Georgian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Mingrelian ქირია (kiria), from ქირი (kiri, “northern goshawk (Astur gentilis)”) +‎ -ია (-ia).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰiɾia]
* Hyphenation: ქი‧რია

### Proper noun

ქირია • (kiria)
* a surname

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ქობალაძე
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Mingrelian ქობალი (kobali, “bread”) +‎ -ძე (-ʒe).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰobaɫad͡ze]
* Hyphenation: ქო‧ბა‧ლა‧ძე

### Proper noun

ქობალაძე • (kobalaʒe)
* a surname, Kobaladze

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Descendants

* → Russian: Кобала́дзе (Kobaládze)

#### See also

* ქობალია (kobalia)
* ქობალავა (kobalava)
* ქობალიანი (kobaliani)
# glottochronology
## English
### Etymology

From glotto- +‎ chronology.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˌɡlɒtəʊkɹəˈnɒlədʒi/
* (US) IPA: /ˌɡlɑːtoʊkɹəˈnɑːləd͡ʒi/

### Noun

glottochronology
* The study of languages to determine when they diverged from being the same language.

#### Derived terms

* glottochronological

#### See also

* lexicostatistics
# ქოჩორაშვილი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰot͡ʃʰoɾaʃʷili]
* Hyphenation: ქო‧ჩო‧რაშ‧ვი‧ლი

### Proper noun

ქოჩორაშვილი • (kočorašvili)
* a surname

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.