OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# narcotráfico
## Galician
### Etymology

From narco- +‎ tráfico.

### Noun

narcotráfico m (uncountable)
* drug trafficking

#### Related terms

* narcotraficante

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From narco- +‎ tráfico.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌnaʁ.koˈtɾa.fi.ku/ [ˌnah.koˈtɾa.fi.ku]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌnaʁ.koˈtɾa.fi.ku/ [ˌnah.koˈtɾa.fi.ku]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ˌnaɾ.koˈtɾa.fi.ku/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˌnaʁ.koˈtɾa.fi.ku/ [ˌnaχ.koˈtɾa.fi.ku]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˌnaɻ.koˈtɾa.fi.ko/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˌnaɾ.kɔˈtɾa.fi.ku/
* Rhymes: -afiku
* Hyphenation: nar‧co‧trá‧fi‧co

### Noun

narcotráfico m (countable and uncountable, plural narcotráficos)
* (uncountable) drug trafficking (narcotic drug business)
** 2024 June 9, Guilherme Gama, Brasil tem 72 facções criminosas ligadas ao narcotráfico, diz estudo‎:Existem 72 diferentes facções criminosas vinculadas ao narcotráfico, de acordo com o levantamento do Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública e da Esfera Brasil, divulgado no segundo dia do Fórum Esfera, em Guarujá (SP), neste sábado (8).There are 72 different criminal factions linked to drug trafficking, according to a survey by the Brazilian Public Security Forum and Esfera Brasil, released on the second day of the Fórum Esfera, released on the second day of the Fórum Esfera, in Guarujá (SP), this Saturday (8).
* (countable) a trafficked drug
** 2022 April 18, Lúcio Flávio Pinto, “O invisível tráfico de drogas”, in Amazônia Real‎, retrieved February 22, 2025:Além da tradicional exportação de narcotráficos diretamente para a Europa, há o comércio pelo litoral, no rumo norte, para as Guianas.Other than the usual exportation of contrabanded drugs directly to Europe, there is coastal commerce directed north, to the Guyanas.

#### Related terms

* narcotraficante

### Further reading

* “narcotráfico”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “narcotráfico”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From narco- +‎ tráfico.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /naɾkoˈtɾafiko/ [naɾ.koˈt̪ɾa.fi.ko]
* Rhymes: -afiko
* Syllabification: nar‧co‧trá‧fi‧co

### Noun

narcotráfico m (uncountable)
* drug trafficking

#### Related terms

* narcotraficante

### Further reading

* “narcotráfico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# worshiper
## English
### Noun

worshiper (plural worshipers)
* (American spelling) Alternative form of worshipper. Cf. kidnapper.
# чоюн
## Karachay-Balkar
### Etymology

Cognate with Karakhanid جُوذِن (čoδïn, “copper”); Tatar чуен (çuyen), Kazakh шойын (şoiyn), Kyrgyz чоюн (coyun), Southern Altai чой (čoy), Kumyk чоюн (çoyun), Shor шойун (šoyun), Uzbek choʻyan, Uyghur چويۇن (choyun, “cast iron”).

### Noun

чоюн • (çoyun)
* cast iron

## Kumyk
### Etymology

Cognate with Karakhanid جُوذِن (čoδïn, “copper”); Tatar чуен (çuyen), Kazakh шойын (şoiyn), Kyrgyz чоюн (coyun), Karachay-Balkar чоюн (çoyun), Southern Altai чой (čoy), Shor шойун (šoyun), Uzbek choʻyan, Uyghur چويۇن (choyun, “cast iron”).

### Noun

чоюн • (çoyun)
* cast iron

#### Descendants

* → Ingush: чон class dd (čon)

## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

Cognate with Karakhanid جُوذِن (čoδïn, “copper”); Tatar чуен (çuyen), Kazakh шойын (şoiyn), Southern Altai чой (čoy), Kumyk чоюн (çoyun), Karachay-Balkar чоюн (çoyun), Shor шойун (šoyun), Uzbek choʻyan, Uyghur چويۇن (choyun, “cast iron”).

### Noun

чоюн • (coyun) (Arabic spelling چويۇن)
* cast iron
# teřich
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* těřich

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech teřuch, teřich. The origin is uncertain. Probably affected by the word břich.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɛr̝ɪx]

### Noun

teřich m inan
* (mycology) gleba
* (archaic) paunch, potbelly

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “teřich”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “teřich”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# uncinus
## English
### Etymology

From Latin uncīnus (“hook”).

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪnəs

### Noun

uncinus (plural uncini)
* (meteorology) A cloud species which consists of fine hair-like strands, with hooked terminations. Associated only with cirrus formations.
* (paleontology) The curved tip of the hooks associated with belemnite tentacles.

#### Related terms

* unciform

#### References

* AMS Glossary of Meteorology

### Anagrams

* nuncius

## Latin
### Etymology

Diminutive of uncus.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /unˈkiː.nus/, [ʊŋˈkiːnʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /unˈt͡ʃi.nus/, [un̠ʲˈt͡ʃiːnus]

### Noun

uncīnus m (genitive uncīnī); second declension
* hook, barb

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* uncātus
* uncīnātus
* uncīnulus

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: unchinu, uncinu
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: ancinu, oncinu, uncinu
** Italian: oncino, uncino
* Ibero-Romance:
** Galician: anciño
** Portuguese: ancinho
* Borrowings:
** → English: uncinus

### References

* “uncinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# tuž
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtuʃ]

### Verb

tuž
* second-person singular imperative of toužit
# мамичка
## Macedonian
### Etymology

From мама (mama) +‎ -ичка (-ička).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmamit͡ʃka]

### Noun

мамичка • (mamička) f
* diminutive of мама (mama)
* mommy
# intrepidity
## English
### Etymology

From intrepid +‎ -ity.

### Noun

intrepidity (countable and uncountable, plural intrepidities)
* The quality of being intrepid; bravery.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:courage
    Antonyms: see Thesaurus:cowardice
** 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, “He is Concerned in a Dangerous Adventure with a Certain Gardener; […]”, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume I, London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC, page 134:[…] Pipes, who acted as the enemy's forlorn hope, advanced to the gate with great intrepidity, and clapping his foot to the door, which was none of the ſtouteſt, with the execution and diſpatch of a petard, ſplit it into a thouſand pieces.
** 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter VI, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, pages 57–58:Miss Bingley immediately fixed her eyes on his face, and desired he would tell her what lady had the credit of inspiring such reflections. Mr. Darcy replied with great intrepidity, "Miss Elizabeth Bennet."
** 1852 July, Herman Melville, “Book XXIV. Lucy at the Apostles’.”, in Pierre: Or, The Ambiguities, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, section IV, page 445:The pale, inscrutable determinateness, and flinchless intrepidity of Pierre, now began to domineer upon them; for any social unusualness or greatness is sometimes most impressive in the retrospect.
** 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, “Triumph”, in She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC, page 226:And then I think I saw the most tremendous exhibition of moral courage and intrepidity that it is possible to conceive.
** 1907, Henry James, “Preface”, in The American (The Novels and Tales of Henry James; II), New York edition, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page xvii:[T]here are common and covert ones [dangers], that "look like nothing" and that can be but inwardly and occultly dealt with, which involve the sharpest hazards to life and honour and the highest instant decisions and intrepidities of action.

#### Related terms

* intrepid
* intrepidness
* trepidation
# guspe
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Voicing of /k/ in cuspe.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡus.pi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡus.pi/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈɡuʃ.pi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɡus.pe/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɡuʃ.pɨ/
* Hyphenation: gus‧pe

### Noun

guspe m (plural guspes)
* Nonstandard form of cuspe.
# A/translations

This page contains translations for A. See the main entry for more information.
# докерине
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dɔˈkɛɾinɛ]
* Hyphenation: до‧ке‧ри‧не

### Noun

докерине • (dokerine)
* distal definite plural of докер m (doker)
# ὑπερμενέτης
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hy.per.me.né.tɛːs/ → /y.per.meˈne.tis/ → /i.per.meˈne.tis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hy.per.me.né.tɛːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)y.per.meˈne.te̝s/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /y.per.meˈne.tis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /y.per.meˈne.tis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /i.per.meˈne.tis/

### Adjective

ὑπερμενέτης • (hupermenétēs) m
* Poetic form of ὑπερμενής (hupermenḗs, “exceeding in strength”)

#### Declension
### References

* “ὑπερμενέτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ὑπερμενέτης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “ὑπερμενέτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# reshorten
## English
### Etymology

From re- +‎ shorten.

### Verb

reshorten (third-person singular simple present reshortens, present participle reshortening, simple past and past participle reshortened)
* To shorten again.
# klinšainajiem
## Latvian
### Adjective

klinšainajiem
* definite dative/instrumental masculine plural of klinšains
# քայլերթ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From քայլ (kʻayl) +‎ երթ (ertʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kʰɑjˈleɾtʰ/, [kʰɑjléɾtʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑjˈleɾt/, [kʰɑjléɾtʰ]

### Noun

քայլերթ • (kʻaylertʻ)
* (military) marching, march
    Synonym: (colloquial) մարշ (marš)
# ხვართქლა
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* ხორთქლა (xortkla) — Pshavi, Khevsureti, Khevi, Mtiuleti
* ხორთქლაჲ (xortklay) — Ingilo
* ჰორთქლა (hortkla), ორთქლო (ortklo) — Fereydan

### Etymology

From Proto-Georgian-Zan *xwartkl-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [χʷaɾtʰkʰɫa]
* Hyphenation: ხვარ‧თქლა

### Noun

ხვართქლა • (xvartkla) (plural ხვართქლები)
* field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

### Further reading

* Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “ხვართქლა”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
* Maq̇ašvili, Aleksandre (1961) “ხვართქლა”, in Boṭaniḳuri leksiḳoni [Botanical Dictionary]‎, 2nd edition, Tbilisi: Sabč̣ota Sakartvelo
* “ხვართქლა”, in Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi‎ (in Georgian), Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi, 2006–2014
* “ხორთქლაჲ”, in Ingilouri leksiḳoni [Ingiloan Dictionary]‎ (in Georgian), Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi, 2011–2014
* “ჰორთქლა”, in Pereidnuli leksiḳoni [Fereydanian Dictionary]‎ (in Georgian), Kartuli dialekṭuri ḳorṗusi, 2011–2014
# Endoceras
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Endoceras
* A taxonomic genus within the family Endoceratidae – certain extinct straight-shelled cephalopods of the middle and upper Ordovician.
# ראה
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /rɔ.ˈʔɔ/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ʁaˈʔa/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic [Term?]. Compare Arabic رَأَى (raʔā), Ge'ez ርእየ (rəʾyä).

#### Verb

רָאָה • (ra'á) (pa'al construction, infinitive לִרְאוֹת, passive counterpart נִרְאָה)
* To see, to have vision; figuratively, to perceive.
    רָאִיתִי חָבֵר שֶׁלִּי בַּחֲנוּת וְשָׁכַחְתִּי לִקְנוֹת חָלָב.ra'íti khavér shelí bakhanút v'shakhákhti liknót khaláv.I saw a friend of mine at the store and forgot to buy milk.
* (archaic) To observe, look at; figuratively, to consider.
* (רְאֵה, r'é) masculine singular imperative of רָאָה

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Pronounced רָאִיתֶם and רָאִיתֶן in informal Modern Hebrew. $^2$ Rare in Modern Hebrew.

##### See also

* עיין / עִיֵּן ('iyén)

##### References

* H7200 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

#### Noun

רֹאֶה • (ro'é) m
* defective spelling of רואה

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

רֵאָה • (re'á) f (plural indefinite רֵאוֹת, singular construct רֵאַת־)
* defective spelling of ריאה.
# Endomyces
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Endomyces
* A taxonomic genus within the family Dipodascaceae – certain fungi.
# endothrix
## English
### Noun

endothrix (plural endothrices)
* A dermatophyte infection of the hair that invades the hairshaft and internalizes into the hair cell.

#### Related terms

* ectothrix, exothrix
# ausplaudern
## German
### Etymology

From aus- +‎ plaudern.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaʊ̯sˌplaʊ̯dɐn]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: aus‧plau‧dern

### Verb

ausplaudern (weak, third-person singular present plaudert aus, past tense plauderte aus, past participle ausgeplaudert, auxiliary haben)
* to divulge
** 1917, Ricarda Huch, Der Fall Deruga [The Deruga Case]‎:»Gott bewahre!« rief Verzielli entrüstet. »Der Konsul sollte nur nicht erfahren, daß ich Deruga alles ausgeplaudert hatte. […] «(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Related terms

* Ausplaudern
* ausplaudernd, ausgeplaudert

### Further reading

* “ausplaudern” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “ausplaudern” in OpenThesaurus.de
# bantal
## Brunei Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bandal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bantal/
* Hyphenation: ban‧tal

### Noun

bantal
* pillow (soft cushion used to support the head in bed)

#### Hyponyms

* bantal paluk (“bolster”)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay bantal, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bandal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbantal/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ban‧tal

### Noun

bantal (plural)
* pillow (soft cushion used to support the head in bed)

#### Derived terms

* bantal-bantal
* bantalan
* berbantal
* membantalkan
* memperbantal
* bantal golek
* bantal guling
* bantal kampuh
* bantal kursi
* bantal menyusui
* bantal peang
* bantal peluk
* bantal seraga
* bantal sofa
* bantal suari
* bantal udara

### Further reading

* “bantal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦧꦤ꧀ꦠꦭ |
| Pegon | |
| Roman | |

### Noun

bantal (krama ngoko bantal)
* pillow

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bandal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bantal/
* Rhymes: -antal, -tal, -al

### Noun

bantal (Jawi spelling بنتل, plural bantal-bantal, informal 1st possessive bantalku, 2nd possessive bantalmu, 3rd possessive bantalnya)
* pillow (soft cushion used to support the head in bed)

### Further reading

* “bantal” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Tiruray
### Noun

bantal
* floor joist
# deez nutz
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

deez nutz pl (plural only)
* Alternative form of deez nuts
# ensorcel
## English
### Verb

ensorcel (third-person singular simple present ensorcels, present participle ensorceling or ensorcelling, simple past and past participle ensorceled or ensorcelled)
* (chiefly American spelling) Alternative spelling of ensorcell
** 1888, “Tale of the Second Damsel”, in Henry [Whitelock] Torrens, transl., The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night: From the Arabic of the Ægyptian M.S. […] Done into English, volume I, Calcutta: W. Thacker & Co., […], London: W[illia]m H[oughton] Allen & Co., […], →OCLC, page 182:[H]e called into presence the kazees and the witnesses, and brought in the three Qurundeels, and brought in the first damsel, and her own sister who had been ensorceled, and he married the three to the three Qurundeels, who had informed him that they were kings, […]
** 1992, Karen J. Brison, “Leaders as Bad Men and Victims”, in Just Talk: Gossip, Meetings, and Power in a Papua New Guinea Village (Studies in Melanesian Anthropology; 11), Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 209:Suroho defended his village by ensorceling enemies who tried to encroach on village land. […] Suroho was accused of ensorceling fellow villagers, and this made him so unpopular that his sons had to find wives in other villages.
** 1996, Bertrice Small, Wild Jasmine, 1st mass market edition, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 384:The woman was obviously a witch. An evil, ungodly creature who would tolerate popery. A foul creature who had lured her husband into his besotted state with her beauty, and probably ensorceled other men as well.
** 1998, Alan R. Felthous, “Psychotic Perceptions of Pet Animals in Defendants Accused of Violent Crimes”, in Randall Lockwood, Frank R. Ascione, editors, Cruelty to Animals and Interpersonal Violence: Readings in Research and Application, West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press, →ISBN, section 3 (Case Studies, Case Control, and Prospective Research), page 125:A 52-year-old widower, Mr. A, was referred for a psychiatric evaluation to help in the determination of whether he was competent to stand trial and whether he had mental illness which met criteria for the insanity defense. […] [H]e also believed that she was in a conspiracy with his unnamed enemies to ensorcel him.
** 2009, Daniel Albright, “Heine and the Composers”, in Music Speaks: On the Language of Opera, Dance, and Song (Eastman Studies in Music; 69), Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 33:This gentle poem is a model of reader-response theory: the song moulders in the book until the reader, the One Right Reader, ensorcels it, ensouls it.
** 2017, Kelwyn Sole, “The New Explorers”, in Walking, Falling, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa: Deep South, →ISBN, part II, page 40:As they walk on, a world of glass and steel / ensorcels and surrounds them / so even as they move, they never find an exit.

#### Derived terms

* ensorcelment

### Anagrams

* Lecrones, Lorences, encloser, re-clones, reclones
# enucleable
## English
### Adjective

enucleable (not comparable)
* Able to be enucleated.
# deglobalization
## English
### Alternative forms

* deglobalisation

### Etymology

From de- +‎ globalization or deglobalize +‎ -ation.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /diːˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

### Noun

deglobalization (uncountable)
* The process of diminishing interdependence and integration between the economies of nations.
** 2023 October 28, Kathrin Hille, quoting Liu Meng-chun, “China Foxconn crackdown calls Gou's bluff”, in FT Weekend, page 12:“We have entered the age of deglobalisation, where global supply chains are replaced by regional ones,” said Liu Meng-chun, an expert on the Chinese economy and cross-Strait economic relations at the Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research, a government think-tank in Tapei.
# ארמנית
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /aʁˈmenit/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

אַרְמֶנִית • (arménit)
* feminine singular indefinite form of ארמני (arméni)

### Noun

אַרְמֶנִית • (arménit) f (plural indefinite ארמניות, singular construct ארמנית־, masculine counterpart ארמני)
* a female Armenian

### Proper noun

אַרְמֶנִית • (arménit) f
* (uncountable) Armenian (the language of Armenia and the Armenian people, whose older stages are Old Armenian and Middle Armenian)

### Related terms

* אַרְמֶנְיָה (arménya)

### Further reading

* ארמנית on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# menyusun
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay menyusun, from Classical Malay menyusun. Equivalent to meng- +‎ susun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mə.ɲu.sʊn/
* Hyphenation: me‧nyu‧sun
* Rhymes: -sʊn, -ʊn

### Verb

menyusun (transitive)
* to stack, to accumulate (to heap up in a mass; to pile up)
* to compose, to compile, to frame (to construct by mental labor; to think up)
    Synonym: mengarang
* to organize, to arrange (to put things in a neat, attractive, or required order)
    Synonyms: mengatur, menata

#### Related terms

* bersusun
* menyusunkan
* penyusun
* penyusunan
* susun
* susunan
* tersusun

### Further reading

* “menyusun” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# 蟬鳴
## Chinese

(This form in the hanzi box does not have a page created for it yet: "蝉鸣".)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chánmíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chánmíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chánmíng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^2$-ming$^2$
*** Yale: chán-míng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charnming
*** Palladius: чаньмин (čanʹmin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ miŋ³⁵/

### Noun

蟬鳴
* chirping of cicadas
# שדר
## Aramaic
### Verb

שדר • (transliteration needed)
* to send

## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

From the Jewish Babylonian Aramaic root ש־ד־ר (“to send”).

#### Pronunciation 1

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ˈʃedeʁ/

##### Noun

שֶׁדֶר • (shéder) m (plural indefinite שְׁדָרִים) [pattern: קֶטֶל]
* dispatch, transmission (through electromagnetic device)

###### See also

* שידור

#### Pronunciation 2

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ʃaˈdaʁ/

##### Noun

שַׁדָּר • (shadár) m (plural indefinite שַׁדָּרִים, feminine counterpart שַׁדָּרִית) [pattern: קַטָּל]
* (broadcasting) announcer, presenter

###### Synonyms

* שדרן

###### See also

* קריין

##### Verb

שִׁדֵּר • (shidér) (pi'el construction)
* defective spelling of שידר

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

שדר • (transliteration needed)
* See שד״ר
# 変更
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 変 | 更 |
| へん Grade: 4 | こう Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 變更 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) へんこー [hèńkóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [hẽ̞ŋko̞ː]

### Noun

変(へん)更(こう) • (henkō)
* a change, alteration

### Verb

変(へん)更(こう)する • (henkō suru) suru (stem 変(へん)更(こう)し (henkō shi), past 変(へん)更(こう)した (henkō shita))
* to modify, alter, change
** 1918, 和辻哲郎, 院展遠望:
    ここに画(が)家(か)の態(たい)度(ど)を変(へん)更(こう)する必(ひつ)要(よう)が示(しめ)されているのである。
       Koko ni gaka no taido o henkō suru hitsuyō ga shimesarete iru no de aru.
       This shows the need for the attitude of the artist to change.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 変更し | へんこうし | henkō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 変更し | へんこうし | henkō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 変更する | へんこうする | henkō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 変更する | へんこうする | henkō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 変更すれ | へんこうすれ | henkō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 変更せよ¹ 変更しろ² | へんこうせよ¹ へんこうしろ² | henkō seyo¹ henkō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 変更される | へんこうされる | henkō sareru |
| Causative | 変更させる 変更さす | へんこうさせる へんこうさす | henkō saseru henkō sasu |
| Potential | 変更できる | へんこうできる | henkō dekiru |
| Volitional | 変更しよう | へんこうしよう | henkō shiyō |
| Negative | 変更しない | へんこうしない | henkō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 変更せず | へんこうせず | henkō sezu |
| Formal | 変更します | へんこうします | henkō shimasu |
| Perfective | 変更した | へんこうした | henkō shita |
| Conjunctive | 変更して | へんこうして | henkō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 変更すれば | へんこうすれば | henkō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.