# 靜

| 靜 | U+975C, &#38748; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-975C |
| ← 靛 [U+975B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 靝 → [U+975D] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 靜 |
| Simplified | 静 |
| Japanese | 静 |
| Korean | 靜 |

### Han character

靜 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手月月尸木 (QBBSD), four-corner 5225$_7$, composition ⿰青爭(T) or ⿰靑爭(JK))

#### Derived characters

* 𫣺, 瀞, 𬎛, 𧂮, 𭟝, 𥶹, 𨷧

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42578
* Dae Jaweon: page 1893, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 4049, character 1
* Unihan data for U+975C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zleŋʔ): phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ) + semantic 爭.

### Etymology

Perhaps from Mon-Khmer; compare Old Khmer siṅ (“to stay in/at; to abide; to be still”) (Schuessler, 2007). 靖 (OC *zleŋʔ) is the same word (ibid.).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìng (jing$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zing$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): den$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhin
    (Hailu, HRS): cin$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qin$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jing$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sâng / cêng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sa$^5$ / saⁿ$^5$ / zing$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chěng / chēng / chǐⁿ / chīⁿ / chēⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zên$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zhin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^4$
*** Yale: jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
*** Palladius: цзин (czin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^6$
*** Yale: jihng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: den$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ten³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhin
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cin$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: qin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sâng / cêng
*** Sinological IPA : /sɑŋ²⁴²/, /t͡sɛiŋ²⁴²/
* sâng - vernacular (“to stop making noise; to stop crying”);
* cêng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: dzjengX
Rime :
| Character | 靜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 疾郢切 |
| Baxter | dzjengX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ziæŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ziajŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zleŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 靜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11353 |
| Phonetic component | 生 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靜 |
| Old Chinese | /*zleŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

靜
* silent; not making a noise
    夜深人靜／夜深人静 ― yèshēnrénjìng ― quiet in the dead of night
    請大家靜一靜！／请大家静一静！ ― Qǐng dàjiā jìng yī jìng! ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
       keoi$^5$ gam$^1$ jat$^6$ gam$^3$ zing$^6$ ge$^2$? [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
       zing$^6$ siu$^2$ siu$^2$ aa$^1$ m$^4$ goi$^1$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* still; motionless
    靜止／静止 ― jìngzhǐ ― to be still
    心靜自然涼／心静自然凉 ― xīn jìng zìrán liáng ― inner calm naturally [helps one] cool down (a phrase used during periods of hot weather)
    From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
    Shuǐ jìng zé píng, píng zé qīng, qīng zé jiàn wù zhī xíng, fú néng nì yě, gù kě yǐwéi zhèng. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to calm down

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 安靜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 安靜, 壓靜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 安靜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 安靜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 安靜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 雅靜, 安靜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 靜, 靜辦, 雅靜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 靜, 靜辦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 安靜, 靜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 靜 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 靜 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 靜 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 安靜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 靜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 安靜, 致靜 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 靜 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 靜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 靜 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 靜 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 靜 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 靜, 安靜 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 靜, 愔靜 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 安靜 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 安靜 |

### Compounds

* 不見動靜 / 不见动静
* 主靜 / 主静
* 僻靜 / 僻静 (pìjìng)
* 入靜 / 入静
* 冷靜 / 冷静 (lěngjìng)
* 動靜 / 动静 (dòngjìng)
* 口靜 / 口静
* 呂靜 / 吕静
* 啞默悄靜 / 哑默悄静
* 壓靜 / 压静
* 夜深人靜 / 夜深人静 (yèshēnrénjìng)
* 夜闌人靜 / 夜阑人静 (yèlánrénjìng)
* 夜靜更深 / 夜静更深
* 夜靜更長 / 夜静更长
* 夜靜更闌 / 夜静更阑
* 大靜脈 / 大静脉 (dàjìngmài)
* 嫻靜 / 娴静 (xiánjìng)
* 安安靜靜 / 安安静静
* 安靜 / 安静 (ānjìng)
* 安靜自在 / 安静自在
* 寂靜 / 寂静 (jìjìng)
* 寧靜 / 宁静 (níngjìng)
* 平心靜氣 / 平心静气 (píngxīnjìngqì)
* 平靜 / 平静 (píngjìng)
* 平風靜浪 / 平风静浪
* 幽靜 / 幽静 (yōujìng)
* 強作鎮靜 / 强作镇静
* 心平靜氣 / 心平静气
* 心靜 / 心静 (xīnjìng)
* 心靜自然涼 / 心静自然凉 (xīn jìng zìrán liáng)
* 恭儉靜一 / 恭俭静一
* 息心靜氣 / 息心静气
* 恬靜 / 恬静 (tiánjìng)
* 息靜 / 息静
* 態度冷靜 / 态度冷静
* 打靜 / 打静
* 文靜 / 文静 (wénjìng)
* 更深人靜 / 更深人静
* 更深夜靜 / 更深夜静
* 更闌人靜 / 更阑人静
* 林無靜樹 / 林无静树
* 沉靜 / 沉静 (chénjìng)
* 沉靜少言 / 沉静少言
* 浪恬波靜 / 浪恬波静
* 浪靜風恬 / 浪静风恬
* 清靜 / 清静 (qīngjìng)
* 清靜寡欲 / 清静寡欲
* 清靜無為 / 清静无为 (qīngjìngwúwéi)
* 研精靜慮 / 研精静虑
* 禁暴靜亂 / 禁暴静乱
* 肅靜 / 肃静 (sùjìng)
* 肺靜脈 / 肺静脉 (fèijìngmài)
* 虛靜 / 虚静
* 謐靜 / 谧静
* 貞靜 / 贞静
* 郎靜山 / 郎静山
* 鎮靜 / 镇静 (zhènjìng)
* 鎮靜劑 / 镇静剂 (zhènjìngjì)
* 門靜脈 / 门静脉 (ménjìngmài)
* 閑靜 / 闲静
* 開靜 / 开静
* 靜候 / 静候 (jìnghòu)
* 靜修 / 静修
* 靜僻 / 静僻
* 靜力平衡 / 静力平衡
* 靜園 / 静园
* 靜坐 / 静坐 (jìngzuò)
* 靜場 / 静场
* 靜女 / 静女
* 靜守 / 静守
* 靜宜園 / 静宜园
* 靜宜大學 / 静宜大学
* 靜室 / 静室
* 靜寂 / 静寂 (jìngjì)
* 靜岡 / 静冈 (Jìnggāng)
* 靜巉巉 / 静巉巉
* 靜幽幽 / 静幽幽
* 靜待 / 静待 (jìngdài)
* 靜心 / 静心 (jìngxīn)
* 靜思 / 静思 (jìngsī)
* 靜悄 / 静悄
* 靜悄悄 / 静悄悄 (jìngqiāoqiāo)
* 靜態 / 静态 (jìngtài)
* 靜態說 / 静态说
* 靜摩擦 / 静摩擦
* 靜摩擦力 / 静摩擦力
* 靜明園 / 静明园
* 靜極思動 / 静极思动
* 靜止 / 静止 (jìngzhǐ)
* 靜水 / 静水
* 靜淵 / 静渊
* 靜物 / 静物 (jìngwù)
* 靜物畫 / 静物画 (jìngwùhuà)
* 靜磁力 / 静磁力
* 靜穆 / 静穆 (jìngmù)
* 靜美 / 静美
* 靜聽 / 静听 (jìngtīng)
* 靜脈 / 静脉 (jìngmài)
* 靜脈曲張 / 静脉曲张 (jìngmài qūzhāng)
* 靜脈注射 / 静脉注射 (jìngmài zhùshè)
* 靜脈瘤 / 静脉瘤
* 靜脈血 / 静脉血
* 靜舍 / 静舍
* 靜落落 / 静落落
* 靜蕩蕩 / 静荡荡
* 靜觀 / 静观
* 靜觀其變 / 静观其变 (jìngguānqíbiàn)
* 靜言 / 静言
* 靜謐 / 静谧 (jìngmì)
* 靜謐無聲 / 静谧无声
* 靜辦 / 静办
* 靜電 / 静电 (jìngdiàn)
* 靜電感應 / 静电感应
* 靜電計 / 静电计
* 靜靜 / 静静 (jìngjìng)
* 靜靜兒 / 静静儿
* 靜靜的 / 静静的
* 靜鞭 / 静鞭
* 靜養 / 静养 (jìngyǎng)
* 靜默 / 静默 (jìngmò)
* 頸靜脈 / 颈静脉 (jǐngjìngmài)
* 風平浪靜 / 风平浪静 (fēngpínglàngjìng)
* 風恬浪靜 / 风恬浪静
* 風靜 / 风静
* 風靜浪平 / 风静浪平
* 養靜 / 养静
* 鬧中取靜 / 闹中取静
* 鴉默雀靜 / 鸦默雀静 (yāmoqiǎojìng)

### References

* “靜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 静 |
| Kyūjitai | 靜 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 静)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kun: しず (shizu, 靜)、しずか (shizuka, 靜か)、しずむ (shizumu, 靜む)、しずめる (shizumeru, 靜める)、しずまる (shizumaru, 靜まる)
* Nanori: しずむ (shizumu)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕɘ(ː)ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [정(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 靜 (eumhun 조용할 정 (joyonghal jeong))
* hanja form of 정 (“quiet, silence, static”)
    정전기(靜電氣) ― static electricity
    정(靜)하중 ― jeonghajung ― dead weight

## Vietnamese
### Han character

靜: Hán Nôm readings: tĩnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.