# 饑

| 饑 | U+9951, &#39249; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9951 |
| ← 饐 [U+9950] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 饒 → [U+9952] |

## Translingual
### Han character

饑 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+12, 21 strokes, cangjie input 人戈女戈戈 (OIVII), four-corner 8275$_3$, composition ⿰飠幾)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1425, character 35
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44397
* Dae Jaweon: page 1951, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4475, character 5
* Unihan data for U+9951

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 機 | *kɯl |
| 譏 | *kɯl |
| 嘰 | *kɯl |
| 磯 | *kɯl |
| 鞿 | *kɯl |
| 饑 | *kɯl |
| 禨 | *kɯl, *kɯls |
| 幾 | *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls |
| 鐖 | *kɯl |
| 僟 | *kɯl |
| 璣 | *kɯl |
| 蟣 | *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl |
| 穖 | *kɯlʔ |
| 畿 | *ɡɯl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯl): semantic 食 + phonetic 幾 (OC *kɯl, *kɯlʔ, *ɡɯl, *ɡɯls).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jī (ji$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gei$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gĭ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ki
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jī
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ji
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gei$^1$
*** Yale: gēi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gei$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: géi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei̯⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki
*** Tâi-lô: ki
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ky
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kj+j
Rime :
| Character | 饑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (20) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居依切 |
| Baxter | kj+j |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɨi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiəi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɨj/ |
| Li Rong | /kiəi/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭəi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ke̯i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gei$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kə[j]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 饑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kjɨj › |
| Old Chinese | /*kə[j]/ |
| English | famine |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 饑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5793 |
| Phonetic component | 幾 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 機 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯl/ |

### Definitions

饑
* crop failure; famine; a year in which harvest is poor
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg
    Xī Zhōu jī, kè Yīn ér nián fēng. [Pinyin]
    “Formerly, when there was a famine in Zhou, they overcame Yin [Shang] and the harvest became abundant.
* Alternative form of 飢 / 饥 (“hunger”)

### Compounds

* 積穀防饑 / 积谷防饥 (jīgǔfángjī)
* 饑民 / 饥民
* 饑荒 / 饥荒 (jīhuāng)
* 饑饉 / 饥馑 (jījǐn)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04612

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): き (ki)
* Kun: うえる (ueru, 饑える)、ひだるい (hidarui, 饑い)

## Korean
### Hanja

饑 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

饑: Hán Nôm readings: cơ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.