# ro
## Translingual
### Symbol

ro
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Romanian.

## A-Pucikwar
### Etymology

From Proto-Great Andamanese *rok.

### Noun

ro
* canoe

### References

* Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 21 (2009)

## Betoi
### Noun

ro
* woman

### References

* Raoul Zamponi, Betoi (2003)

## Catalan
### Alternative forms

* rho

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈro]

### Noun

ro f (plural ros)
* rho; the Greek letter Ρ (lowercase ρ)

## Cornish
### Etymology

Deverbalised form of ri (“to give”)

### Noun

ro m (plural royow or rohow)
* gift, present
* donation

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʁoˀ/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró (“rest”) (whence also the Icelandic ró (“calm, rest, tranquillity”)).

#### Noun

ro c (singular definite roen, not used in plural form)
* calmness
* (obsolete) fun, amusement

##### Derived terms

* falde til ro
* gå i ro
* gå til ro
* hverken rist eller ro
* i fred og ro
* slå sig til ro
* tage den (det, ..) med ro

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa (“row”), from Proto-Germanic *rōaną (“to row”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.

#### Verb

ro (imperative ro, infinitive at ro, present tense ror, past tense roede, perfect tense er/har roet)
* to row (using oars)

### References

* “ro” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “ro,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [ro]
* Hyphenation: ro

### Noun

ro (accusative singular ro-on, plural ro-oj, accusative plural ro-ojn)
* The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

## Gilbertese
### Noun

ro
* dark

## Guaraní
### Adjective

ro
* bitter

## Indonesian
### Noun

ro
* (law enforcement) Clipping of biro.

## Italian
### Noun

ro m or f (invariable)
* Alternative spelling of rho

### Anagrams

* or

## Japanese
### Romanization

ro
* The hiragana syllable ろ (ro) or the katakana syllable ロ (ro) in Hepburn romanization.

## Javanese
### Romanization

ro
* Romanization of ꦫꦺꦴ

## Laboya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈroː]

### Noun

ro
* leaf

#### Derived terms

* ro kutta
* ro wona

### References

* Allahverdi Verdizade (2019) “ro”, in Lamboya word list‎, Leiden: LexiRumah

## Mambae
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zauq, compare Malay jauh.

### Adjective

ro
* far

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English rā, rāha, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, *raih, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, *raihą (“deer”).

#### Alternative forms

* roo, ra, raa, roa

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɔː/
* (early) IPA: /rɑː/
* (Northern) IPA: /raː/

#### Noun

ro (plural ros or ron)
* A roe deer (kind of deer)
* (rare) The hide of a roe deer.

##### Derived terms

* roobukke

##### Descendants

* English: roe
* Scots: ra, rae

##### References

* “rō, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-17.

### Etymology 2

From Old English rō, rōw, from Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”).

#### Alternative forms

* roo, rowe, rou

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /roː/, /rɔu̯/

#### Noun

ro (uncountable)
* Peacefulness, serenity, restfulness.

##### Descendants

* English: roo
* Scots: ro, ruve

##### References

* “rọ̄, n.(4).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-18.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró.
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

#### Noun

ro m or f (definite singular roen or roa)
* peace, tranquility, quiet

##### Antonyms

* uro

##### Derived terms

* fred og ro
* ro i sinnet
* rolig
* sinnsro

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa.

#### Verb

ro (imperative ro, present tense ror, passive ros, simple past rodde, past participle rodd, present participle roende)
* to row (a boat)

##### Derived terms

* robåt
* roer
* roing
* roklubb
* romaskin
* tungrodd

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

ro
* imperative of roe

### References

* “ro” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ruː/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse ró. Akin to dialectal English roo.

#### Noun

ro f (definite singular roa, uncountable)
* calm, tranquility, peace, quiet

##### Antonyms

* uro

##### Derived terms

* fred og ro
* ro i sinnet

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse róa, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną.

#### Verb

ro (present tense ror, past tense rodde, past participle rott/rodd, passive infinitive roast, present participle roande, imperative ro)
* to row (a boat)
* (figurative) to try to talk one's way out of something

##### Derived terms

* robåt
* roing
* roklubb
* romaskin

### References

* “ro” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* or

## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* hrō, rao, rāo

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hrau, from Proto-Germanic *hrawaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂-. Cognates include Old English hrēaw, Old Norse hrár.

### Adjective

rō
* raw

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: rō, rōch, rou, rā
** Central Franconian: rüh, rieh, reh
*** Luxembourgish: réi
** German: roh
** Yiddish: רוי (roy)

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ro/
* Rhymes: -ro

### Numeral

ro
* two

#### Derived terms

* akaron
* akaroron
* amiro
* aroron-roron
* arorwan
* aṅro
* karo
* roro
* sakaroro
* sarorwan

#### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦫꦺꦴ (ro) (inherited)
* ⇒ Javanese: ꦫꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴ (roro), ꦭꦺꦴꦫꦺꦴ (loro)
* → Balinese: ᬭᭀ (ro)

### Further reading

* "ro" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀭𑁄 (Brahmi script)
* रो (Devanagari script)
* রো (Bengali script)
* රො (Sinhalese script)
* ရော or ရေႃ (Burmese script)
* โร (Thai script)
* ᩁᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ໂຣ (Lao script)
* រោ (Khmer script)
* 𑄢𑄮 (Chakma script)

### Noun

ro
* nominative singular of ra (“Pali letter 'r'”)

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔ
* Syllabification: ro

### Noun

ro n (indeclinable)
* Alternative form of rho

### Further reading

* ro in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾɔ/
* (North Uist) IPA: /ɾɔ̝̃/
* (Barra) IPA: [ɾɔ̝]

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish ró, from Proto-Celtic *ɸro (compare Old Welsh ry), from Proto-Indo-European *pro (compare Latin pro).

#### Adverb

ro (+ dative, triggers lenition)
* very, too, much, exceedingly
    ro-bheag ― too little
    le ro-aire ― with great care
    ro mhath ― very good
    Tha e ro fhuar.It is too cold.
    ro aire ― great attention
    Is tu an Dia ro mhòr.Thou art the very great God.
    Chan eil mi ro chinnteach.I am not too sure.
    Tha e ro bhochd.He is very sick (or poor).
    Chan eil e ro thogarrach.He is not excessively willing.
    ro sgairteil ― very active
    ro shleamhainn ― very slippery
    Bu ro chaomh leam tighinn.I should very much like to come.

##### Usage notes

* Used as a prefix to adjectives, and supplying the place of a superlative.
* Lenites the first letter of the following word except if it starts with l, n or r, or by s followed by any consonant except l, n or r.

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish ré. Cognates include Irish roimh.

#### Preposition

ro (+ dative, triggers lenition)
* before
    Thigibh ro chòig uairean.Come before five o'clock.

##### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ró”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “ro”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈro/ [ˈro]
* Rhymes: -o
* Syllabification: ro

### Noun

ro f (plural ros)
* rho; the Greek letter Ρ, ρ
    Synonym: rho

### Further reading

* “ro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ruː/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse róa, from Proto-Germanic *rōaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁-.

#### Verb

ro (present ror, preterite rodde, supine rott, imperative ro)
* to row; to transport oneself in a small boat, with help of oars
* (colloquial, in "ro hit (med något)") to quickly hand over, to pass
    Ro hit med kebabsåsen!Pass the kebab sauce!

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Derived terms

* ro hem

##### Related terms

* kapprodd
* ro hit
* rodd
* roddare
* roddbåt

##### See also

* åra

### Etymology 2

From Old Swedish ro (“rest”), German Ruhe with a secondary meaning in Swedish of entertainment, pastime (during the rest).

#### Noun

ro c (uncountable)
* peace, quiet, tranquility

##### Related terms

* oro
* oroa
* roa
* rolig

### References

* ↑ 2. ro in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

### References

* ro in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* ro in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* ro in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* -or, or

## Talysh
### Etymology

Cognate with Persian راه (rah).

### Noun

ro
* road

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /roː/

### Verb

ro
* Soft mutation of rho.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1

Related to etymology 2, compare with Igbo lò (“to reflect”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾò/

#### Verb

rò
* (intransitive) to think
    Mo rò pé kò dáa kéèyàn máa jíwèé wò. ― I think it's not good for people to be cheating.

##### Derived terms

* èrò (“thought”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾò/

#### Verb

rò
* (transitive) to stir

##### Usage notes

ro when followed by a direct object.

##### Derived terms

* rírò (“stirred, stirring”)
* ronú (“to think”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾō/

#### Verb

ro
* (transitive) to hoe, to till
    Oko tí àgbẹ̀ ro lánàá nìyí. ― This is the field that the farmers tilled yesterday.

##### Derived terms

* roko (“to cultivate, to hoe a field”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾó/

#### Verb

ró
* (transitive) to wrap, to tie a wrapper, skirt, or towel.
    Báwo la ṣe máa ró ìró. ― How does one tie a wrapper.

##### Derived terms

* ìró (“wrapper”)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾó/

#### Verb

ró
* (transitive) to sound, to emit a sound.

##### Derived terms

* ìró (“sound”)

### Etymology 6

Compare with Igbo lo (“to ache”)

#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɾō/

#### Verb

ro
* (transitive) to pain, to hurt, to ache
    Ẹ̀yìn ń ro mí. ― My back is paining me.
    (My back hurts)

##### Derived terms

* ríro (“paining”)

### Etymology 7
#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɾó/

#### Verb

ró
* (Ijebu) to live
    Mo ró n’Íbàdọ̀n ― I live in Ibadan

## Zazaki
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɾo]
* Hyphenation: ro

### Noun

ro
* brook, stream, creek

### References

* ↑ Kocadag, Çeko (2010) “ro²”, in Ferheng, Kirmanckî (Zazakî) - Kurmancî, Kurmancî - Kirmanckî (Zazakî), Berlin: Weşanên Komkar, →ISBN, page 935