# 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴
## Old Uyghur
### Alternative forms

* 𐫏𐫇𐫓𐫔𐫇𐫉 (ywlδwz /⁠yulduz⁠/)
* 𑀬𑀼‌𑀮𑁆𑀢𑀼‌𑀰𑁆 (yu‌ltu‌ś /⁠yultuz⁠/)
* 允秃思 (ywinX thuwk si /⁠yulduz⁠/)

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yulduŕ. Cognate with Orkhon Turkic 𐰖𐰆𐰡𐰔 (y¹ultz /⁠yultuz⁠/).

### Noun

𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ywltwz /yultuz/)
* (astronomy) star
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽺𐽲𐽾 (ʾnqr /⁠anḫar⁠/), 𐽲𐽾𐽲 (qrq /⁠ġraḫ⁠/)
* (astronomy) planet
    Synonyms: 𐽲𐽾𐽲 (qrq /⁠ġraḫ⁠/), 𐽼𐽲𐽾 (pqr /⁠paḫar⁠/)
* (astrology) sign
    𐾀𐽳𐾁𐽶𐽰 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴twlyʾ ywltwz/Tulya yultuz/star sign Libra, eqv. Sanskrit तुला (tulā)

#### Compound terms (Chinese astronomical terms)

* 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽺 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾʾltwn ywltwz /⁠Altun yultuz⁠/, “Venus”) (金星 (Jīnxīng))
* 𐽰𐽳𐽳𐾀 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾwwt ywltwz /⁠Oot yultuz⁠/, “Mars”) (火星 (huǒxīng))
* 𐽰𐽶𐽲𐽰𐽽 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾyqʾc ywltwz /⁠Ïġač yultuz⁠/, “Jupiter”) (木星 (Mùxīng))
* 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽶𐽻𐽳𐽲 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (kwyyswq ywltwz /⁠Küisuḳ yultuz⁠/, “Guixiu”) (鬼宿 (Guǐxiù))
* 𐽻𐽳𐽱 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (swβ ywltwz /⁠Suv yultuz⁠/, “Mercury”) (水星 (Shuǐxīng))
* 𐾀𐽳𐽼𐽾𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (twprʾq ywltwz /⁠Tupraḳ yultuz⁠/, “Saturn”) (土星 (Tǔxīng))
* 𐾁𐽳𐽲𐾀𐽻𐽳𐽺𐽻𐽶 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (lwqtswnsy ywltwz /⁠Luḳtsunsé yultuz⁠/, “Luxing”) (椂存)

#### Compound terms (Hindu astronomical terms)

* 𐽰𐽰𐽺𐽳𐽾𐽰𐽸 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾʾnwrʾd ywltwz /⁠Anurad yultuz⁠/, “Anuradha”) (अनुराधा (anurādhā))
* 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽴𐽶𐽲𐽶 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾʾrzyqy ywltwz /⁠Aržiḳï yultuz⁠/, “Star of Ṛṣi”) (ऋषि (ṛṣi))
* 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾʾrdyr ywltwz /⁠Ardir yultuz⁠/, “Ārdrā, Betelgeuse”) (आर्द्रा (ārdrā))
* 𐽰𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽶𐽿 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾʾšlyš ywltwz /⁠Ašléš yultuz⁠/, “Āśleṣā”) (आश्लेषा (āśleṣā))
* 𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽺𐾀𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾrʾntʾr ywltwz /⁠Erenter yultuz⁠/, “Pūrva Ashādhā”) (पूर्वाषाढा (pūrvāṣāḍhā))
* 𐽲𐽰𐽻𐾀 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (qʾst ywltwz /⁠Hast yultuz⁠/, “Hasta”) (हस्ता (hastā))
* 𐽹𐽰𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽿𐽶𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (mʾrqʾšyr ywltwz /⁠Marġašir yultuz⁠/, “Mārgaśīrṣa, Mars”) (मृगशिरा (mṛgaśirā))
* 𐽺𐽰𐽲𐽿𐽰𐾀𐽶𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (nʾqšʾtyr ywltwz /⁠Nakšatir yultuz⁠/, “a Nakshatra”) (नक्षत्राणाम् (nakṣatrāṇām))
* 𐽻𐽰𐽸𐽰𐽼𐽶𐽿 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (sʾdʾpyš ywltwz /⁠Sadabiš yultuz⁠/, “Śatabhiṣā”) (शतभिषा (śatabhiṣā))
* 𐽻𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽽𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (sʾnycʾr ywltwz /⁠Sanéčar yultuz⁠/, “Saturn”) (शनैश्चर (śanaiścara))
* 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽰𐽺𐽶 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (pʾrʾny ywltwz /⁠Barani yultuz⁠/, “Bhāraṇī, Venus”) (भरणी (bharaṇī))
* 𐽼𐽳𐽾𐽱𐽰𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽶 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (pwrβʾpʾlqʾny ywltwz /⁠Purvapalġani yultuz⁠/, “Pūrva Phalgunī”) (पूर्वफल्गुनी (pūrvaphalgunī))
* 𐽼𐽳𐽿 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (pwš ywltwz /⁠Puš yultuz⁠/, “Puṣya, Saturn”) (पुष्या (puṣyā))
* 𐽽𐽰𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (cʾytyr ywltwz /⁠Čaétir yultuz⁠/, “Chitrā”) (चित्रा (citrā))
* 𐽿𐽳𐽿𐽰𐽲 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (šwšʾq ywltwz /⁠Šušaḳ yultuz⁠/, “Viśākhā”) (विशाखा (viśākhā))
* 𐽿𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽱𐽰𐽺 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (šyrʾβʾn ywltwz /⁠Širavan yultuz⁠/, “Śravaṇa”) (श्रवणा (śravaṇā))

#### Compound terms (Turkic astronomical terms)

* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾwylkʾr ywltwz /⁠Ülker yultuz⁠/, “Pleiades”)
* 𐽶𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽷𐽰𐽺 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (yytykʾn ywltwz /⁠Yétigen yultuz⁠/, “Ursa Major”, literally “seven-sun constellation”)
* 𐽼𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽻𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽰 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (pʾqrswqrʾ ywltwz /⁠Bagïrsuḳra yultuz⁠/, “Bagïrsukra”, literally “merciful star”) (an unidentified star)
* 𐾀𐽰𐽺𐽷 𐽰𐽰𐾀𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (tʾnk ʾʾtʾrtʾqy ywltwz /⁠Taŋ atartaḳï yultuz⁠/, “Venus”, literally “sunrise star”)
* 𐾀𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽰𐽷 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (tyrkʾk ywltwz /⁠Tirgek yultuz⁠/, “Tirgek”, literally “orderly/bunched up star”) (an unidentified star)

#### Other compound terms

* 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽳𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾwyʾqwr ywltwz /⁠uyaḳur yultuz⁠/, “comet”)
* 𐽰𐽳𐽽𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (ʾwcʾr ywltwz /⁠učar yultuz⁠/, “comet”)
* 𐽲𐽳𐽸𐽾𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (qwdrwqlwq ywltwz /⁠ḳudruḳluġ yultuz⁠/, “comet”)
* 𐽻𐽶𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽷𐽳 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (sypyrkw ywltwz /⁠sipirgü yultuz⁠/, “comet”)

#### Derived terms

* 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴𐽶𐽺𐽲𐽶 (ywltwzynqy /⁠yultuzïnḳï⁠/, “a celestial event”)
* 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴𐽽𐽶 (ywltwzcy /⁠yultuzčï⁠/, “astrologer”)

#### Descendants

* Western Yugur: juldus, jəltəs (yïltïz)

### References

* Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yultuz”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 305
* Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) yultuz”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 919
* Yunusoğlu, Mağfiret Kemal (2012) Uygurca-Çince İdikut Sözlüğü [Uyghur-Chinese Divine Dictionary]‎ (in Turkish), İstanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 61