# Ukraine
## English
### Alternative forms

* Ucrania, Ukrain, Ukrainia, Ukrania (all obsolete)
* Ukraina (rare)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish Ukraina or Russian Украи́на (Ukraína), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina), which is most commonly taken to have meant "borderland, marches" in this context, though for about a century now Ukrainian scholars have articulated an alternative theory that it meant "region, country, the land around (a given center)" in this context instead. See Name of Ukraine for more.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /juːˈkɹeɪn/, /ˈjuːˌkɹeɪn/
* (US) IPA: /juˈkɹeɪn/, /ˈjuˌkɹeɪn/, [ju̟ˈkɹeɪ̯n], [ˈjuˌkɹeɪ̯n]
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪn

### Proper noun

Ukraine or the Ukraine
* A country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea. Capital and largest city: Kyiv.
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:Ukraine.

#### Usage notes

* Since the country's independence in 1991, style guides recommend Ukraine (as in “a musician from Ukraine”), without an article. Previously, the most common usage was the Ukraine (as in “a musician from the Ukraine”). One reason why Ukrainians suggest their country's English name should not be addressed as the Ukraine is due to the Ukraine making it sound like it was a part of Russia, promoting Russian irredentist views.

#### Meronyms

* Autonomous Republic of Crimea
* Cherkasy
* Chernihiv
* Chernivtsi
* City of Kyiv
* City of Sevastopol
* Dnipropetrovsk
* Donetsk
* Ivano-Frankivsk
* Kharkiv
* Kherson
* Khmelnytskyi
* Kirovohrad
* Kyiv
* Luhansk
* Lviv
* Mykolaiv
* Odesa
* Poltava
* Rivne
* Sumy
* Ternopil
* Vinnytsia
* Volyn
* Zakarpattia
* Zaporizhzhia
* Zhytomyr

#### Derived terms

* Jewkraine
* Jewkrainian
* Ukrainer
* Ukrainian
* Ukrainization
* Ukraino-
* Ukrainophile
* Ukrainophilia
* Ukrainophilic
* Ukrainophobe
* Ukrainophobia
* Ukrainophone
* Ukraino-Russian
* Ukro-

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: ইউক্ৰেইন (iukrein)
* → Bengali: ইউক্রেন (iukren)
* → Cherokee: ᏯᎧᏪᏂ (yakaweni), ᏳᎬᎳᎢᏅ (yugvlainv)
* → Chinese: 烏克蘭 / 乌克兰 (Wūkèlán)
** → Vietnamese: Ô Khắc Lan
* → Dhivehi: ޔުކްރެއިން (yuk̊rein̊)
* → Gujarati: યૂક્રેઇન (yūkreina)
* → Hawaiian: ʻUkelena
* → Hindi: यूक्रेन (yūkren)
* → Kannada: ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್ (yukrēn)
* → Malay: Ukraine
* → Malayalam: യുക്രെയിൻ (yukreyiṉ)
* → Maori: Ūkareinga
* → Marathi: युक्रेन (yukren)
* → Nepali: युक्रेन (yukrena)
* → Odia: ୟୁକ୍ରେନ (yukrena)
* → Punjabi: ਯੂਕ੍ਰੇਨ (yūkren)
* → Samoan: 'Iukureini
* → Sinhalese: යුක්රේන් (yukrēn)
* → Telugu: ఉక్రెయిన్ (ukreyin)
* → Thai: ยูเครน (yuu-kreen)
* → Tigrinya: ዩክረይን (yukräyn)
* → Tongan: ʻIukuleini
* → Ukrainian: Юкре́йн (Jukréjn)
* → Urdu: یُوکْرین (yūkren)
* → Yoruba: Yukíréènì

#### Translations
### See also

* breadbasket of Europe
* Ruthenia
* Little Russia
* Ukrainian SSR
* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic, Czechia
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Kosovo
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Vatican City
* Countries of the world

### References

* ↑ Tom Geoghegan (2012 June 7) “Ukraine or the Ukraine: Why do some country names have 'the'?”, in BBC News Magazine‎, archived from the original on 28 October 2016
* ↑ Steinmetz, Katy (2014 March 5) “Ukraine, Not the Ukraine: The Significance of Three Little Letters”, in Time, retrieved 2022-12-06

### Further reading

* Ukraine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Danish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Ukraine
* Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)

#### Related terms

* ukrainer
* ukrainsk

### See also

* Albanien
* Andorra
* Armenien
* Aserbajdsjan
* Belgien
* Bosnien-Hercegovina
* Bulgarien
* Cypern
* Danmark
* Estland
* Finland
* Forenede Kongerige
* Frankrig
* Georgien
* Grækenland
* Hviderusland
* Irland
* Island
* Italien
* Kasakhstan
* Kosovo
* Kroatien
* Letland
* Liechtenstein
* Litauen
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Nederlandene
* Nordmakedonien
* Norge
* Polen
* Portugal
* Rumænien
* Rusland
* San Marino
* Schweiz
* Serbien
* Slovakiet
* Slovenien
* Spanien
* Sverige
* Tjekkiet
* Tyskland
* Ukraine
* Ungarn
* Vatikanstaten
* Østrig

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian Украї́на (Ukrajína) or Russian Украи́на (Ukraína), from Old East Slavic оукраина (ukraina).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /y.kʁɛn/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Ukraine f
* Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)
** 1731, Voltaire, Histoire de Charles XII, page 161:L’Ukraine a toujours aspiré à être libre : mais étant entourée de la Moscovie, des états du grand-seigneur, et de la Pologne, il lui a fallu chercher un protecteur, et par conséquent un maître dans l’un de ces trois états. Elle se mit d’abord sous la protection de la Pologne qui la traita trop en sujette : elle se donna depuis au Moscovite, qui la gouverna en esclave autant qu’il le put. D’abord les Ukrainiens jouirent du privilège d’élire un prince sous le nom de général ; mais bientôt ils furent dépouillés de ce droit, et leur général fut nommé par la cour de Moscou.Ukraine has always aspired to be free: but being surrounded by Muscovy, the states of the Sultan, and Poland, a protector had to be sought, and consequently a master in one of these three states. She first put herself under the protection of Poland, who treated her too much as subject. She then gave herself to the Muscovite, who governed her as a slave as much as he could. At first the Ukrainians enjoyed the privilege of electing a prince under the name of general; but soon they were stripped of this right, and their general was appointed by the court of Moscow.

#### Related terms

* ukrainien
* Ukrainien

#### Descendants

* → Khmer: អ៊ុយក្រែន (ʼuykraen)
* → Lao: ອູກະແລນ (ʼū ka lǣn)
* → Persian: اوکراین (okrâyn)

#### See also

* Albanie
* Allemagne
* Andorre
* Arménie
* Autriche
* Azerbaïdjan
* Belgique
* Biélorussie
* Bosnie-Herzégovine
* Bulgarie
* Chypre
* Cité du Vatican
* Croatie
* Danemark
* Espagne
* Estonie
* Finlande
* France
* Géorgie
* Grèce
* Hongrie
* Irlande
* Islande
* Italie
* Kazakhstan
* Kosovo ~ Cossovo
* Lettonie
* Liechtenstein
* Lituanie
* Luxembourg
* Macédoine du Nord
* Malte
* Moldavie
* Monaco
* Monténégro
* Norvège
* Pays-Bas
* Pologne
* Portugal
* République tchèque
* Roumanie
* Royaume-Uni
* Russie
* Saint-Marin
* Serbie
* Slovaquie
* Slovénie
* Suède
* Suisse
* Turquie
* Ukraine

## German
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˌukʁaˈʔiːnə], [ˌukʁaˈiːnə] (in faster speech)
* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [uˈkʁaɪ̯nə] (less common)

### Proper noun

die Ukraine f (proper noun, usually definite, definite genitive der Ukraine)
* Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)

#### Usage notes

* Normally used with the definite article. Very occasionally, Ukraine occurs without a definite article; in such cases a genitive Ukraines may occur. In such usages, the gender is unclear.
* Even more rarely, a plural Ukrainen may occur.

#### Synonyms

* Kleinrussland (“Little Russia”) (historical)

#### Related terms

* Sowjetukraine, Sowjet-Ukraine
* Sowjetukrainer, Sowjet-Ukrainer
* sowjetukrainisch, sowjet-ukrainisch
* ukrainedeutsch, ukraine-deutsch
* Ukrainedeutscher, Ukraine-Deutscher
* Ukrainekonflikt
* Ukrainekrieg
* Ukrainer
* ukrainisch
* Ukrainisch

### See also

* Ruthenien (“Ruthenia”)
* Albanien
* Andorra
* Belarus
* Belgien
* Bosnien und Herzegowina
* Bulgarien
* Dänemark
* Deutschland
* Estland
* Finnland
* Frankreich
* Griechenland
* Irland
* Island
* Italien
* Kosovo
* Kroatien
* Lettland
* Liechtenstein
* Litauen
* Luxemburg
* Malta
* Moldau
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Niederlande
* Nordmazedonien
* Norwegen
* Österreich
* Polen
* Portugal
* Rumänien
* Russland
* San Marino
* Schweden
* Schweiz
* Serbien
* Slowakei
* Slowenien
* Spanien
* Tschechien
* Ukraine
* Ungarn
* Vatikanstadt
* Vereinigtes Königreich
* Weißrussland
* Zypern

### Further reading

* “Ukraine” in Duden online
* “Ukraine” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* Ukraine on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$

## Swahili
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Ukraine
* Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)