# 甲

| 甲 | U+7532, &#30002; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7532 |
| ← 由 [U+7531] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 申 → [U+7533] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* 𠇚
* 𡴌

### Han character

甲 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中 (WL), four-corner 6050$_0$, composition ⿻日丨 or ⿻囗十)

#### Derived characters

* 𠇺, 𠖹, 呷, 𡊠, 𭑱, 岬, 押, 㳌, 狎, 𨸺, 𰕻, 柙, 炠, 𤙇, 玾, 胛, 𥑐, 䘥, 𤱣, 舺, 䖬, 䛅(𲂆), 𧿵, 鉀(钾), 𩚲, 魻(𱇟), 𪀌
* 𭶫, 𨒇, 䖖, 𩲳, 𢼓, 𣢗, 𤱋, 𤱢, 翈, 𠒛, 𭻎, 𤲍, 𭻝, 𤲰, 𣫹, 𩲣, 鴨(鸭), 𮒅
* 𠇚, 𦭖, 𢑖, 𣅼, 䆘, 𥩫, 𭻈, 𡭵, 笚, 𩂘, 𭻛, 𩿼, 𬛽, 𨐴, 㕅, 庘, 𤵭, 𢈤, 𧆥, 厣, 𣃻, 厴, 𢦦, 𪀋, 閘(闸), 匣, 𪚧, 㘡, 𠔱, 𤳅, 𤳵

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 758, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
* Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2525, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7532

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 甲 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |
Pictogram (象形): a turtle shell. In the character 卑 it represents a fan held in hand.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“shell; shield”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ (khrab, “coat of mail; shield”). Perhaps related to 鞈 (OC *kuːb, *kruːb, “leather jerkin or cuirass”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jiǎ (jia$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jia$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaap$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): gah$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kap
    (Hailu, HRS): gab
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gab$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jiah$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): gă
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gah$^6$ / gor$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kah / kap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gah$^4$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ga$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: jia$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gia
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕia²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaap$^3$
*** Yale: gaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːp̚³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: gah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaʔ⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab
*** Sinological IPA: /kap⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jiah$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiaʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gă
*** Sinological IPA : /ka²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gák
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gah$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gah
*** Sinological IPA : /kaʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaʔ²/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gor$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gō̤
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒ²¹/
* gor5 - vernacular (“animal shell or carapace”);
* gah6 - literary (“plate armor; the first of the ten heavenly stems”).
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit甲 | edit甲 (指甲) |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕia²¹⁴/ | /t͡ɕia⁰/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/ | /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ | /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/ | /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕia¹³/ | /t͡ɕia¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕia¹³/ | /t͡ɕia³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕia⁵¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ | /ka²¹³/ 舊 /t͡ɕia²¹³/ 新 |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕia³¹/ | /t͡ɕia³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕia²¹/ | /t͡ɕia²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ | /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ | /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁵/ | /kʰaʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /kaʔ⁵/ | /kaʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ | /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ka²¹³/ | /ka²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /kaʔ²¹/ | /kaʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kɔ⁵/ | /kɔ⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ /ka²⁴/ | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ /ka²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕiɒ²⁴/ | /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kaʔ⁵/ | /kaʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kap̚¹/ | /kap̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kɑp̚²²/ | /kɑp̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kap̚³/ | /kap̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kap̚³³/ | /kɛp̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kap̚³/ | /kap̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kap̚³²/ /kaʔ³²/ | /kap̚³²/ /kaʔ³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kɑʔ²³/ | /kɑʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ka²⁴/ | /ka²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kaʔ²/ | /kaʔ²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ka⁵⁵/ | /ka⁵⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: kaep
Rime :
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古狎切 |
| Baxter | kaep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kap̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jia |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤr[a]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiǎ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæp › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁr[a]p/ |
| English | 1st heavenly stem; fingernail |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5931 |
| Phonetic component | 甲 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甲 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraːb/ |
| Notes | 甲金文作十或田， 象龜甲裂紋 |

#### Definitions

甲
* shell; carapace
* plate armor
* nail (plate at the end of fingers and toes)
* the first of the ten heavenly stems
* number one; first; A
       zhōngguó zúqiú xiéhuì jiǎjí liánsài [Pinyin]
       Chinese Football Association League 1
* (organic chemistry) metho-
* to be first in; to be unparalleled among
    桂林山水甲天下 ― Guìlín shānshuǐ jiǎ tiānxià ― The mountains and rivers of Guilin are the finest under heaven. (A proverb)
    From: 817, Bai Juyi,《廬山草堂記》, translated by Lin Yutang
    Kuānglú qíxiù, jiǎ tiānxià shān, shān běi fēng yuē Xiānglúfēng, běi sì yuē Yí'àisì, jiè fēng sì jiān, qí jìng shèngjué, yòu jiǎ Lúshān. [Pinyin]
    The beauties of Kuanglu Mountain top all mountains of the world. On its north stand the Xianglu Peak and the Wei-ai Temple. The view between the peak and the temple again tops that of all Lushan.
* pronoun for an unspecified or unknown person or thing
* a surname

##### Coordinate terms

* (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁 (dīng), 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ)

#### Compounds

* 一甲
* 一甲一名
* 一甲子 (yījiǎzǐ)
* 一鱗半甲 / 一鳞半甲
* 一鱗片甲 / 一鳞片甲
* 丁甲
* 丁甲山
* 上元甲子
* 三甲 (sānjiǎ)
* 下甲
* 上甲
* 三鹵甲烷 / 三卤甲烷
* 三鼎甲
* 丘甲
* 丘逢甲
* 丟盔卸甲 / 丢盔卸甲
* 丟盔拋甲 / 丢盔抛甲
* 丟盔撩甲 / 丢盔撩甲
* 丟盔棄甲 / 丢盔弃甲
* 中甲
* 丹甲
* 丹鉛甲乙 / 丹铅甲乙
* 丹黃甲乙 / 丹黄甲乙
* 主甲
* 乇甲
* 乘甲
* 二甲
* 五甲
* 介甲
* 令甲
* 伏甲 (fújiǎ)
* 佛指甲
* 佛甲草
* 保甲 (Bǎojiǎ)
* 保甲法
* 倒戈卸甲
* 修指甲
* 偃兵息甲
* 偃甲
* 元甲
* 兕甲
* 入甲
* 全甲
* 六丁六甲
* 六十甲子 (liùshí jiǎzǐ)
* 公甲
* 六甲 (liùjiǎ)
* 六甲天書 / 六甲天书
* 兮甲盤 / 兮甲盘
* 六甲窮日 / 六甲穷日
* 兵甲 (bīngjiǎ)
* 出甲
* 剛甲 / 刚甲
* 勾甲
* 勾達甲坼 / 勾达甲坼
* 卜甲
* 卷甲 (juǎnjiǎ)
* 卸甲
* 卷甲倍道
* 卸甲坪 (Xièjiǎpíng)
* 卸甲店 (Xièjiǎdiàn)
* 卷甲束兵
* 卷甲銜枚 / 卷甲衔枚
* 卸甲錢 / 卸甲钱
* 卷甲韜戈 / 卷甲韬戈
* 古里甲
* 同甲 (tóngjiǎ)
* 合甲
* 同甲會 / 同甲会
* 吳甲 / 吴甲
* 唐猊鎧甲 / 唐猊铠甲 (tángní kǎijiǎ)
* 器甲
* 四甲
* 地方火甲
* 地穿甲
* 坐甲
* 堅甲利兵 / 坚甲利兵 (jiānjiǎlìbīng)
* 堅甲利刃 / 坚甲利刃
* 堅甲厲兵 / 坚甲厉兵
* 夏甲
* 大甲 (Dàjiǎ)
* 大甲溪
* 大甲蓆 / 大甲席
* 太甲 (Tài Jiǎ)
* 天甲經 / 天甲经
* 奇門遁甲 / 奇门遁甲 (qíméndùnjiǎ)
* 孔甲
* 孚甲
* 學甲 / 学甲 (Xuéjiǎ)
* 定甲
* 家甲
* 宮甲 / 宫甲
* 富甲一方 (fùjiǎyīfāng)
* 富甲天下 (fùjiǎ tiānxià)
* 寸甲不留
* 小甲
* 布甲
* 帶甲 / 带甲
* 帷甲
* 帶甲之勞 / 带甲之劳
* 平頭甲子 / 平头甲子
* 年庚日甲
* 年甲
* 年近花甲
* 庚甲
* 弱甲
* 張甲李乙 / 张甲李乙
* 後甲 / 后甲
* 徐甲
* 徒甲
* 息甲
* 悉甲
* 慣甲 / 惯甲
* 戈甲
* 戎甲
* 戰甲 / 战甲
* 拋戈卸甲 / 抛戈卸甲
* 拋戈棄甲 / 抛戈弃甲
* 披甲 (pījiǎ)
* 指甲
* 挂甲
* 按甲
* 按甲休兵
* 指甲剪
* 指甲套兒 / 指甲套儿
* 按甲寢兵 / 按甲寝兵
* 指甲油
* 指甲花
* 指甲草
* 指甲蓋 / 指甲盖
* 挂甲錢
* 捐甲
* 授甲
* 捲甲 / 卷甲 (juǎnjiǎ)
* 排甲
* 捲甲重來 / 卷甲重来
* 擐甲 (huànjiǎ)
* 擐甲執兵 / 擐甲执兵
* 擐甲執銳 / 擐甲执锐
* 擐甲披袍
* 擐甲持戈 (huànjiǎ chí gē)
* 擐甲揮戈 / 擐甲挥戈
* 擐甲操戈
* 放甲
* 敕甲
* 敗鱗殘甲 / 败鳞残甲
* 敜干敹甲
* 敝甲
* 整手甲
* 敹甲
* 整甲繕兵 / 整甲缮兵
* 斂甲 / 敛甲
* 文搜丁甲
* 文甲
* 旌甲
* 旗甲
* 晉陽之甲 / 晋阳之甲
* 晚甲
* 曜甲
* 曳兵棄甲 / 曳兵弃甲
* 朋甲
* 木甲
* 本甲
* 末甲
* 朽戈鈍甲 / 朽戈钝甲
* 束戈卷甲
* 束甲
* 枕戈坐甲
* 枕戈寢甲 / 枕戈寝甲
* 枕戈披甲
* 枕甲
* 染指甲草
* 枯甲
* 某甲 (mǒujiǎ)
* 柔甲
* 案兵束甲
* 案甲
* 案甲休兵
* 棄甲 / 弃甲
* 棉甲
* 棄甲于思
* 棄甲倒戈 / 弃甲倒戈
* 棄甲投戈 / 弃甲投戈
* 棄甲拋戈 / 弃甲抛戈
* 棄甲曳兵 / 弃甲曳兵
* 棄甲負弩 / 弃甲负弩
* 楚甲
* 橫甲刁軍 / 横甲刁军
* 橐甲束兵
* 櫜甲
* 櫜甲束兵
* 殷整甲
* 比甲
* 民甲
* 水犀甲
* 河亶甲
* 洗甲
* 清甲
* 澳甲
* 火甲
* 灰指甲
* 爪甲
* 爪甲點金 / 爪甲点金
* 片甲
* 片甲不回 (piànjiǎbùhuí)
* 片甲不存 (piànjiǎbùcún)
* 片甲不留 (piànjiǎbùliú)
* 片甲不還 / 片甲不还 (piànjiǎbùhái)
* 片甲無存 / 片甲无存 (piànjiǎwúcún)
* 片鱗殘甲 / 片鳞残甲
* 片鱗碎甲 / 片鳞碎甲
* 片鱗隻甲 / 片鳞只甲
* 牌甲
* 牟甲
* 牢甲利兵
* 犀甲
* 玄甲
* 玉指甲
* 玉甲
* 玉鱗瑤甲 / 玉鳞瑶甲
* 珍甲
* 琴甲
* 瑣甲 / 琐甲
* 生甲
* 甲A
* 甲B
* 甲世
* 甲乇
* 甲乙
* 甲乙問 / 甲乙问
* 甲乙帳 / 甲乙帐
* 甲乙科
* 甲乙膏
* 甲仗
* 甲仙 (Jiǎxiān)
* 甲令
* 甲仗庫 / 甲仗库
* 甲伍
* 甲作
* 甲克
* 甲兵 (jiǎbīng)
* 甲冑 (jiǎzhòu)
* 甲刃
* 甲匠
* 甲午戰爭 / 甲午战争 (Jiǎwǔ Zhànzhēng)
* 甲卒
* 甲吏
* 甲圖 / 甲图
* 甲地
* 甲坊
* 甲坊署
* 甲坼
* 甲基環硅氧烷 / 甲基环硅氧烷
* 甲基硅油
* 甲基磺酰胺 (jiǎjī huángxiān'àn)
* 甲基磺酸
* 甲基苯駢三氮唑 / 甲基苯骈三氮唑
* 甲士 (jiǎshì)
* 甲外
* 甲夜 (jiǎyè)
* 甲天下
* 甲妓
* 甲姓
* 甲子 (jiǎzǐ)
* 甲子雨
* 甲字庫 / 甲字库
* 甲宅
* 甲帖
* 甲帳 / 甲帐
* 甲床
* 甲庚
* 甲庫 / 甲库
* 甲弩
* 甲弩坊
* 甲弩庫 / 甲弩库
* 甲役
* 甲必丹 (jiǎbìdān)
* 甲戟
* 甲戶 / 甲户
* 甲扎
* 甲折翁
* 甲拆
* 甲敕
* 甲文
* 甲族
* 甲日
* 甲曆 / 甲历
* 甲札
* 甲杖
* 甲板 (jiǎbǎn)
* 甲械
* 甲楯
* 甲榜
* 甲次
* 甲正
* 甲歷 / 甲历
* 甲殼 / 甲壳 (jiǎqiào)
* 甲殼動物 / 甲壳动物 (jiǎqiào dòngwù)
* 甲氏
* 甲烷 (jiǎwán)
* 甲烷氯化物
* 甲煎
* 甲父
* 甲狀腺 / 甲状腺 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn)
* 甲狀腺素 / 甲状腺素 (jiǎzhuàngxiànsù)
* 甲狀腺腫 / 甲状腺肿 (jiǎzhuàngxiànzhǒng)
* 甲狀軟骨 / 甲状软骨 (jiǎzhuàng ruǎngǔ)
* 甲產 / 甲产
* 甲申之役
* 甲癸
* 甲盾
* 甲萬 / 甲万
* 甲科
* 甲第 (jiǎdì)
* 甲第星羅 / 甲第星罗
* 甲第連雲 / 甲第连云
* 甲等 (jiǎděng)
* 甲等特考
* 甲米 (Jiǎmǐ)
* 甲級戰犯 / 甲级战犯 (jiǎjí zhànfàn)
* 甲級流氓 / 甲级流氓
* 甲紫
* 甲絣 / 甲𰬔
* 甲絲 / 甲丝
* 甲綴 / 甲缀
* 甲縷 / 甲缕
* 甲胄 (jiǎzhòu)
* 甲膽 / 甲胆
* 甲舍
* 甲苯 (jiǎběn)
* 甲葉 / 甲叶
* 甲蔬
* 甲藏用
* 甲蟲 / 甲虫 (jiǎchóng)
* 甲衣
* 甲袋
* 甲裳
* 甲西 (Jiǎxī)
* 甲觀 / 甲观
* 甲貨 / 甲货
* 甲賦 / 甲赋
* 甲車 / 甲车
* 甲邸
* 甲部
* 甲酚
* 甲酸 (jiǎsuān)
* 甲酸乙酯
* 甲酸鈉 / 甲酸钠 (jiǎsuānnà)
* 甲酸鉀 / 甲酸钾
* 甲醇 (jiǎchún)
* 甲醇鈉 / 甲醇钠
* 甲醚 (jiǎmí)
* 甲醛 (jiǎquán)
* 甲錯 / 甲错
* 甲鎧 / 甲铠
* 甲鐵 / 甲铁
* 甲長 / 甲长
* 甲門 / 甲门
* 甲革
* 甲頭 / 甲头
* 甲館 / 甲馆
* 甲首
* 甲香
* 甲馬 / 甲马
* 甲馬營 / 甲马营
* 甲騎 / 甲骑
* 甲骨 (jiǎgǔ)
* 甲骨學 / 甲骨学 (jiǎgǔxué)
* 甲骨文 (jiǎgǔwén)
* 甲魚 / 甲鱼
* 瘊子甲
* 登上甲
* 發甲 / 发甲
* 登甲第
* 登科甲
* 白甲軍 / 白甲军
* 百甲
* 皮甲
* 皮膚甲錯 / 皮肤甲错
* 益甲
* 盔甲 (kuījiǎ)
* 眉甲 (méijiǎ)
* 省甲
* 相甲
* 睪甲 / 睾甲
* 破甲
* 禁甲
* 秀甲
* 科甲
* 科甲出身
* 科腳甲 / 科脚甲
* 稅甲 / 税甲
* 積甲如山 / 积甲如山
* 積甲山齊 / 积甲山齐
* 穿山甲 (chuānshānjiǎ)
* 穿甲彈 / 穿甲弹
* 符甲
* 簸箕甲
* 精甲
* 紙甲 / 纸甲
* 素甲
* 納甲 / 纳甲
* 組甲 / 组甲
* 綿甲 / 绵甲
* 練甲 / 练甲
* 總甲 / 总甲
* 縮甲 / 缩甲
* 繕甲 / 缮甲
* 繕甲厲兵 / 缮甲厉兵
* 繕甲治兵 / 缮甲治兵
* 罩甲 (zhàojiǎ)
* 羊蹄甲
* 義甲 / 义甲 (yìjiǎ)
* 老甲魚 / 老甲鱼
* 肩甲
* 胎甲
* 胸中甲兵
* 胸有甲兵
* 胸甲 (xiōngjiǎ)
* 脫甲 / 脱甲
* 腹有鱗甲 / 腹有鳞甲
* 腳甲 / 脚甲
* 臥甲 / 卧甲
* 花甲 (huājiǎ)
* 芽甲
* 花甲之年 (huājiǎzhīnián)
* 花甲子
* 莩甲 (fújiǎ)
* 萌甲
* 菜甲 (càijiǎ)
* 葵甲
* 蔬甲
* 蔽甲
* 蘸甲
* 虎甲蟲 / 虎甲虫 (hǔjiǎchóng)
* 虯甲 / 虬甲
* 蚤甲
* 蛇甲
* 蜩甲
* 蠔甲 / 蚝甲
* 衣甲 (yījiǎ)
* 衷甲
* 衿甲
* 被甲
* 袍甲
* 被甲兵
* 被甲執兵 / 被甲执兵
* 被甲執銳 / 被甲执锐
* 被甲持兵
* 被甲據鞍 / 被甲据鞍
* 被甲載兵 / 被甲载兵
* 裝甲 / 装甲 (zhuāngjiǎ)
* 裝甲兵 / 装甲兵 (zhuāngjiǎbīng)
* 裝甲車 / 装甲车 (zhuāngjiǎchē)
* 裝甲部隊 / 装甲部队
* 裹糧坐甲 / 裹粮坐甲
* 襯甲 / 衬甲
* 解兵釋甲 / 解兵释甲
* 解甲 (jiějiǎ)
* 解甲休兵
* 解甲休士
* 解甲倒戈
* 解甲投戈
* 解甲歸田 / 解甲归田
* 解甲釋兵 / 解甲释兵
* 解衣卸甲
* 護甲 / 护甲
* 豆甲
* 象甲 (xiàngjiǎ)
* 貝甲 / 贝甲
* 負甲 / 负甲
* 貫甲 / 贯甲
* 貴甲子 / 贵甲子
* 赤甲
* 越甲鳴君 / 越甲鸣君
* 趾甲 (zhǐjiǎ)
* 蹲甲
* 身懷六甲 / 身怀六甲
* 躬擐甲冑
* 躬擐甲胄
* 車甲 / 车甲
* 軍甲 / 军甲
* 軟甲 / 软甲 (ruǎnjiǎ)
* 輕甲 / 轻甲
* 輪甲 / 轮甲
* 辛壬癸甲
* 逢甲大學 / 逢甲大学
* 連鎖甲 / 连锁甲
* 週甲 / 周甲
* 遁甲 (dùnjiǎ)
* 遁甲神
* 邊甲 / 边甲
* 鄰甲 / 邻甲
* 配甲坊
* 釋甲 / 释甲
* 里甲
* 重甲
* 金戈鐵甲 / 金戈铁甲
* 金指甲
* 金甲 (jīnjiǎ)
* 金甲豆
* 金鎖甲 / 金锁甲
* 銀指甲 / 银指甲
* 銅甲 / 铜甲
* 銀甲 / 银甲
* 銷甲 / 销甲
* 鍪甲
* 鎖子甲 / 锁子甲
* 鎖子錯甲 / 锁子错甲
* 鎧甲 / 铠甲 (kǎijiǎ)
* 鎖甲 / 锁甲
* 鏤甲 / 镂甲
* 鐵甲 / 铁甲 (tiějiǎ)
* 鐵甲兵輪 / 铁甲兵轮
* 鐵甲武士 / 铁甲武士
* 鐵甲艦 / 铁甲舰 (tiějiǎ jiàn)
* 鐵甲蟲 / 铁甲虫
* 鐵甲車 / 铁甲车 (tiějiǎchē)
* 鐵甲金戈 / 铁甲金戈
* 鑄甲銷戈 / 铸甲销戈
* 開甲 / 开甲
* 附甲
* 阻甲
* 陞甲 / 升甲
* 雌甲
* 電甲 / 电甲
* 霜甲
* 霸王卸甲
* 青甲
* 鞍甲
* 韜戈卷甲 / 韬戈卷甲
* 頓甲 / 顿甲
* 頭甲 / 头甲
* 顏甲 / 颜甲
* 風兵草甲 / 风兵草甲
* 飛行甲板 / 飞行甲板
* 飾甲底兵 / 饰甲底兵
* 首甲
* 馬甲 / 马甲 (mǎjiǎ)
* 馬甲子 / 马甲子
* 馬甲柱 / 马甲柱
* 馬甲袋 / 马甲袋
* 骨甲文字
* 高甲戲 / 高甲戏 (gāojiǎxì)
* 鬐甲
* 魁甲
* 魚甲 / 鱼甲
* 鯨甲 / 鲸甲
* 鱗甲 / 鳞甲
* 鱉甲 / 鳖甲 (biējiǎ)
* 鱉甲車 / 鳖甲车
* 鳳毛龍甲 / 凤毛龙甲
* 麻六甲
* 黃甲 / 黄甲
* 黃金甲 / 黄金甲
* 黑甲
* 黨甲 / 党甲
* 鼇甲 / 鳌甲
* 鼎甲
* 鼓甲
* 鼻甲 (bíjiǎ)
* 龍甲 / 龙甲
* 龜甲 / 龟甲 (guījiǎ)
* 龜甲屏 / 龟甲屏
* 龜甲屏風 / 龟甲屏风
* 龜甲香 / 龟甲香

#### Descendants

* → Thai: กาบ (gàap)
* → Zhuang: gyap
* → Old Turkic: qap
** → Kazakh: қап (qap)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch akker (“field”) or morgen (“morning”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǎ (jia$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kap
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaʔ³²/

#### Definitions

甲
* (Taiwan) unit of land (area) measure, equivalent to 2,934 坪 (píng) or 0.97 hectares, roughly 2.1 acres

### Etymology 3

From 到 (kàu).

#### Pronunciation 1

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah / kàu / á
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kàu
*** Tâi-lô: kàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaux
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kau²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: á
*** Tâi-lô: á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ar
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /a⁵⁵⁴/

##### Definitions

甲 (Southern Min)
* Used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement.
    講甲真好／讲甲真好 [Hokkien] ― kóng kah chin hó [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to speak very well
* (Taiwan) to; until; to the extent
    From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 家後 (Wife)
    Gún chiong chheng-chhun kè tī lín-tau, gún tùi siàu-liân tòe lí tòe kah lāu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    I married my youthfulness to you; I followed you from my youth till I'm old.

###### Synonyms

* (used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement): 得 (dé)

#### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah / á
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: á
*** Tâi-lô: á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ar
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /a⁵⁵⁴/

##### Definitions

甲
* (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) very; really; badly
       kin-á-li̍t kôaⁿ kah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Today's really cold.

### Etymology 4

Probably from 敢 (kám, káⁿ).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kaʔ³²/

#### Definitions

甲
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) how is it that; how could
    From: 詹雅雯, 單身的演歌
    Káng-piⁿ ê hong chiong gún ê ba̍k-sái chhoe ta, kha-lá-ó͘-khe kah tiám chi̍t tè khoài-lo̍k ê ián-kah? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The wind at the harbourside blows my tears dry; how could the karaoke choose a happy enka?
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) since; as; now that; considering

##### Synonyms

* (since): 既然 (jìrán); (Hokkien) 敢若, 敢若是

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaʔ³²/

#### Definitions

甲
* (Southern Min) Alternative form of 佮 (kah, kap, “and; with”)
    From: 張秀卿 (Chang Hsiu-ching), 加油 (Gan Ba-De)
    San-tin-hái-bī, bì-lù kah ui-sū-kī, lán chē hō͘ îⁿ-îⁿ, ta̍k-ke tōa thàn-chîⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    A feast of great food, beer and whisky, let's sit around and earn big money.

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kā
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kā
*** Tâi-lô: kā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ka
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ka²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ka⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ka²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ka³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka³³/

#### Definitions

甲
* (Southern Min) Alternative form of 共 (kā)
    From: 江蕙 (Jody Chiang), 甲你攬牢牢
    Góa beh kā lí lám-tiâu-tiâu, in-ūi kiaⁿ lí pòaⁿ-mî-á peh--khí-lâi khàu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    I want to hug you tight because I fear that you will get up and cry.

### Etymology 7

Homophone of 假 in Mandarin, from Hokkien pronunciation ké, from English gay.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǎ (jia$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

甲
* (Taiwanese Mandarin) gay; homosexual

#### Compounds

* 甲甲

### References

* ↑ Andrade, Tonio (2005) “Appendix A: Weights, Measures, and Exchange Rates”, in How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century, Columbia University Press, →ISBN.
* ↑ “甲”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “甲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “甲”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 224.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “甲”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 192.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kan’yō-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)、かっ (ka')
* Kun: よろい (yoroi, 甲)、つめ (tsume)、きのえ (kinoe)、かり (kari)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 甲
* こう Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 甲 (kæp).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ko̞ː]
* Homophones: 鸛, 公, 爻, 功, 巧, 交, 行, 劫, 孝, 更, 抗, 効, 幸, 庚, 侯, 紅, 香, 候, 校, 貢, 項, 項, 綱, 稿, 蝗, 蝗, 薨, 講, 恋う, 請う, 乞う, 恍, 皎, 斯う

#### Noun

甲(こう) • (kō)
* carapace, shell
* something A
** first in rank
** instep or the back of the hand
** the first party

##### Derived terms

* 甲烏賊(こういか) (kōika)
* 甲乙(こうおつ) (kō otsu)
* 甲乙丙(こうおつへい) (kō otsu hei)
* 甲乙丙丁(こうおつへいてい) (kō otsu hei tei)
* 甲香(こうこう) (kōkō)
* 甲骨(こうこつ) (kōkotsu)
* 甲州(こうしゅう) (Kōshū)
* 甲状(こうじょう) (kōjō)
* 甲(こう)虫(ちゅう) (kōchū): Japanese rhinoceros beetle
* 甲板(こうはん) (kōhan)
* 甲府(こうふ) (Kōfu)
* 甲夜(こうや) (kōya)
* 甲(こう)羅(ら) (kōra): shell, carapace
* 甲類(こるい) (korui)
* 華甲(かこう) (kakō)
* 蟹甲(かいこう) (kaikō)
* 亀甲(きっこう) (kikkō)
* 胸甲(きょうこう) (kyōkō)
* 穿山甲(センザンコウ) (senzankō)
* 装甲(そうこう) (sōkō)
* 手甲(てっこう) (tekkō)
* 鉄甲(てっこう) (tekkō)
* 手(て)の甲(こう) (te no kō)
* 鼈甲(べっこう) (bekkō)

#### Proper noun

甲(こう) • (Kō)
* the first of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

##### Derived terms

* 甲寅(こういん) (kōin)
* 甲午(こうご) (kōgo)
* 甲子(こうし) (kōshi)
* 甲戌(こうじゅつ) (kōjutsu)
* 甲申(こうしん) (kōshin)
* 甲辰(こうしん) (kōshin)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 甲
* よろい Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鎧
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よろい [yòróí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞ɾo̞i]

#### Noun

甲(よろい) • (yoroi)
* armor

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 甲
* かん Grade: S
* kan'yōon
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かん [kàń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kã̠ɴ]

#### Noun

甲(かん) • (kan)
* (music) treble range

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 甲
* きのえ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
木 (Ki, “Wood”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きのえ [kìnóé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲino̞e̞]

#### Proper noun

甲(きのえ) • (Kinoe)
* the first of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 甲 (MC kaep). Recorded as Middle Korean 갑〮 (káp) (Yale: kap) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Compare modern Cantonese 甲 (gaap$^3$) and Hakka 甲 (gab$^5$).

### Hanja

Wikisource 甲 (eumhun 갑옷 갑 (gabot gap)) 甲 (eumhun 첫째 천간(天干) 갑)
* hanja form of 갑 (“armor; shell”)
* hanja form of 갑 (“the first of the ten heavenly stems; something A”)

#### Compounds

* 갑옷 (甲옷, gabot, “armor”)
* 둔갑 (遁甲, dun'gap, “transformation”)
* 갑충 (甲蟲, gapchung, “beetle”)
* 갑판 (甲板, gap'pan, “deck”)
* 귀갑 (龜甲, gwigap, “turtleback”)
* 갑각 (甲殼, gapgak, “shell, crust”)
* 갑각류 (甲殼類, gapgangnyu, “crustacean”)
* 장갑 (掌甲, janggap, “glove”)
* 철갑 (鐵甲, cheolgap, “ironclad”)
* 철갑선 (鐵甲船, cheolgapseon, “ironclad (ship)”)
* 철갑상어 (鐵甲沙魚, cheolgapsang'eo, “Chinese sturgeon”)
* 천산갑 (穿山甲, cheonsan'gap, “pangolin”)
* 갑상선 (甲狀腺, gapsangseon, “thyroid gland”)
* 갑골문자 (甲骨文字, gapgolmunja, “oracle bone script”)
* 갑부 (甲富, gapbu, “millionaire”)
* 환갑 (還甲, hwan'gap, “one's 60th birthday”)
* 회갑 (回甲, hoegap, “one's 60th birthday”)
* 갑론을박 (甲論乙駁, gamnoneulbak, “conjecture and refutation”)

### Noun

* Hanja in this term
* 甲
甲 • (gap) (hangeul 갑)
* (in headlines) number one, thus the best
    "가성비甲" 획기적 상품 출시!"gaseongbigap" hoekgijeok sangpum chulsi!This innovative product is the best bang for your buck!
* (law) something A; the first party
    상기 乙은 본 문서에 명시된 업무와 관련하여 甲에게 근로를 제공한다.sanggi eureun myeongsidoen eommuwa gwallyeonhayeo gabege geulloreul jegonghanda.The B (employee) indicated above will provide labour to A (employer) according to the tasks indicated in this document.

#### Usage notes

* A common convention in news headlines or legal documents, these particular senses are often written in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “(law) something A; the first party”): 乙을 (eul, “something B”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甲: Hán Nôm readings: giáp, giẹp, kép, nháp, ráp
* chữ Hán form of Giáp (“first of the ten heavenly stems”).
    Hypernyms: 天干, 十干
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸
* chữ Hán form of Giáp (“a male given name”).
    武元甲 ― Võ Nguyên Giáp
* chữ Hán form of giáp (“armour; carapace; cycle of twelve years”).

#### Compounds

* 甲午 (Giáp Ngọ)
* 甲子 (Giáp Tý)
* 甲寅 (Giáp Dần)
* 甲戌 (Giáp Tuất)
* 甲殼 (Giáp xác)
* 甲申 (Giáp Thân)
* 甲辰 (Giáp Thìn)
* 甲骨文 (giáp cốt văn)
* 鐵甲 (thiết giáp)