# 漂

| 漂 | U+6F02, &#28418; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F02 |
| ← 漁 [U+6F01] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 漃 → [U+6F03] |

## Translingual
### Han character

漂 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水一田火 (EMWF), four-corner 3119$_1$, composition ⿰氵票)

#### Derived characters

* 𡁼, 𨆺, 𨮶, 㵱, 薸

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 644, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18102
* Dae Jaweon: page 1053, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1720, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6F02

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 漂
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 標 | *pew, *pewʔ |
| 鏢 | *pew, *pʰew |
| 瘭 | *pew |
| 幖 | *pew |
| 熛 | *pew |
| 蔈 | *pew |
| 膘 | *prew, *pʰewʔ, *bewʔ, *spewʔ |
| 褾 | *pewʔ |
| 票 | *pʰew |
| 飄 | *pʰew, *bew |
| 漂 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 螵 | *pʰew, *bew |
| 瞟 | *pʰew, *pʰewʔ |
| 嫖 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 旚 | *pʰew |
| 僄 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 慓 | *pʰew, *pʰews, *bewʔ |
| 彯 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 摽 | *pʰew, *pʰews, *bewʔ |
| 翲 | *pʰew, *pʰews |
| 嘌 | *pʰew |
| 縹 | *pʰewʔ |
| 醥 | *pʰewʔ |
| 顠 | *pʰewʔ, *bewʔ |
| 篻 | *pʰewʔ, *mbew |
| 剽 | *pʰews, *bew |
| 勡 | *pʰews |
| 薸 | *bew |
| 瓢 | *bew |
| 鰾 | *bewʔ |
| 驃 | *bews |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰew, *pʰews): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 票 (OC *pʰew)

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pyaw (“swim, float, raft”) (STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007).
    Inside Chinese, cognate with 浮 (OC *bu, “to float”), 柎 (OC *po, “raft”), 泭 (OC *pʰo, *bo) & 桴 (OC *bu, *pʰuw, “raft, beam”);
    Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan འཕྱོ་བ ('phyo ba, “swim, float, soar”), & Jingpho [script needed] (pyau ~ byau, “fly, float; play, shoot, as a fish”).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piāo (piao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): piu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phêu
    (Hailu, HRS): piau$^ˋ$
* Northern Min (KCR): piáu
* Eastern Min (BUC): piĕu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pieo$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phiau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): piou$^1$ / piao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$phiau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: piao
*** Wade–Giles: pʻiao$^1$
*** Yale: pyāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piau
*** Palladius: пяо (pjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: piu$^1$
*** Yale: pīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: piu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: piu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːu̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phêu
*** Hakka Romanization System: peu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: peu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰeu̯²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: piau$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰiau⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: piáu
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiau⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: piĕu
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰieu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: pieo$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pa̤u
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰieu⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau
*** Tâi-lô: phiau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiaw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiau³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: piou$^1$ / piao$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiou / phiau
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiou³³/, /pʰiau³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$phiau
*** MiniDict: phiau$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$phiau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰiɔ⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: phjiew
Rime :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 撫招切 |
| Baxter | phjiew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰiaw/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | piu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰew/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 9753 |
| Phonetic component | 票 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 爂 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰew/ |

#### Definitions

漂
* to float (on a liquid); to drift
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to shake; to wave
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) high and faraway
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fast; swift
* Alternative form of 飄 / 飘 (piāo, “to drift (in air); to blow”)
* to lead a wandering life; to roam; to wander
    北漂 ― běipiāo ― Beijing drifter

#### Compounds

* 北漂 (běipiāo)
* 打水漂兒 / 打水漂儿
* 流血漂杵
* 流血漂鹵 / 流血漂卤
* 浮漂 (fúpiāo)
* 海漂杯
* 漂來戶 / 漂来户
* 漂兒 / 漂儿 (piāor)
* 漂搖 / 漂摇
* 漂沙
* 漂沒 / 漂没
* 漂泊 (piāobó)
* 漂泛
* 漂洋 (piāoyáng)
* 漂流 (piāoliú)
* 漂流物
* 漂洋過海 / 漂洋过海 (piāoyángguòhǎi)
* 漂海
* 漂浮 (piāofú)
* 漂淪 / 漂沦
* 漂游
* 漂漂
* 漂潑 / 漂泼
* 漂然
* 漂移 (piāoyí)
* 漂絮
* 漂萍
* 漂蕩 / 漂荡
* 漂蕩子弟 / 漂荡子弟
* 漂送
* 漂金
* 漂零蓬斷 / 漂零蓬断
* 漂鳥 / 漂鸟
* 眾喣漂山 / 众喣漂山
* 血流漂杵 (xuèliúpiāochǔ)
* 隨波漂流 / 随波漂流
* 髮漂 / 发漂
* 魚漂 / 鱼漂 (yúpiāo)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piǎo (piao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): piu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phéu
    (Hailu, HRS): piau$^ˇ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): piéu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pieo$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phiò
    (Teochew, Peng'im): biê$^3$ / bio$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: piǎo
*** Wade–Giles: pʻiao$^3$
*** Yale: pyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: peau
*** Palladius: пяо (pjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: piu$^3$
*** Yale: piu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: piu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: piu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːu̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phéu
*** Hakka Romanization System: peu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: peu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰeu̯³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: piau$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰiau¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: piéu
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiɛu²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: pieo$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pa̤̍u
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰieu⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiò
*** Tâi-lô: phiò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phioix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɤ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰio¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: biê$^3$ / bio$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piè / piò
*** Sinological IPA : /pie²¹³/, /pio²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: phjiewH
Rime :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 匹妙切 |
| Baxter | phjiewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | piu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰews/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 9773 |
| Phonetic component | 票 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 剽 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰews/ |

#### Definitions

漂
* to bleach
* to rinse

#### Compounds

* 漂布
* 漂染 (piǎorǎn)
* 漂母
* 漂母進食 / 漂母进食
* 漂母進飯 / 漂母进饭
* 漂洗 (piǎoxǐ)
* 漂白 (piǎobái)
* 漂白劑 / 漂白剂 (piǎobáijì)
* 漂白粉 (piǎobáifěn)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piào (piao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): piu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): piéu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pieo$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): piàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): piu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piào
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: piào
*** Wade–Giles: pʻiao$^4$
*** Yale: pyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piaw
*** Palladius: пяо (pjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: piu$^3$
*** Yale: piu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: piu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: piu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːu̯³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: piéu
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiɛu²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: pieo$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pa̤̍u
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰieu⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piàu
*** Tâi-lô: piàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piaux
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: piu$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiù
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiu²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: phjiewH
Rime :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 匹妙切 |
| Baxter | phjiewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | piu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰews/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漂 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 9773 |
| Phonetic component | 票 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 剽 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰews/ |

#### Definitions

漂
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to not pay; to fail to pay or repay
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to fail
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fast
* Used in 漂亮 (piàoliang, “beautiful”).

#### Compounds

* 漂亮
* 漂亮話 / 漂亮话 (piàolianghuà)
* 漂帳 / 漂帐

### References

* “漂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “漂”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 176.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to float; to drift

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)
* Kun: ただよう (tadayou, 漂う, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 漂(ひょう)砂(さ) (hyōsa)
* 漂(ひょう)失(しつ) (hyōshitsu)
* 漂(ひょう)然(ぜん) (hyōzen)
* 漂(ひょう)着(ちゃく) (hyōchaku)
* 漂(ひょう)動(どう) (hyōdō)
* 漂(ひょう)白(はく) (hyōhaku)
* 漂(ひょう)泊(はく) (hyōhaku)
* 漂(ひょう)々(ひょう) (hyōhyō), 漂(ひょう)漂(ひょう) (hyōhyō)
* 漂(ひょう)浪(ろう) (hyōrō)
* 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう) (hyōryū)
* 浮(ふ)漂(ひょう) (fuhyō)
* 漂(ひょう)白(はく)剤(ざい) (hyōhakuzai)
* 漂(ひょう)流(りゅう)者(しゃ) (hyōryūsha)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 漂 (MC phjiew|phjiewH).
Recorded as Middle Korean 표 (phywo) (Yale: phyo) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
From Middle Chinese 漂 (MC phjiew)
* Recorded as Middle Korean 표ᇢ (Yale: phyow) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
From Middle Chinese 漂 (MC phjiewH)
* Recorded as Middle Korean 표ᇢ〮 (Yale: phyów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʰjo]
* Phonetic hangul: [표]

### Hanja

Wikisource 漂 (eumhun 떠다닐 표 (tteodanil pyo))
* hanja form of 표 (“to float; to drift”)

#### Compounds

* 표류 (漂流, pyoryu)
* 표박 (漂泊, pyobak)
* 표백 (漂白, pyobaek)
* 표표 (漂漂, pyopyo)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

漂: Hán Việt readings: phiêu (紕(phi)招(chiêu)切(thiết)), phiếu
漂: Nôm readings: xiêu, veo, phiêu, phều, phiếu, pheo, phếu, phao, xẻo, phịu, phêu
* (only used in compounds) chữ Hán form of phiêu (“to float; to bleach”).
* chữ Nôm form of xiêu (“to slant; to sag; to slope”).

#### Compounds

* 漂洋 (phiêu dương)
* 漂流 (phiêu lưu)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bonet (1899).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Génibrel (1898).
* 1 2 3 4 Hồ (1976).
* 1 2 3 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).