# tre
## English
### Noun

tre (plural tres)
* Obsolete form of tree.
** 1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar), Myles Coverdale, transl., Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible), [Cologne or Marburg]: [Eucharius Cervicornus and Johannes Soter?], →OCLC, Jeremy [Jeremiah] x:[3–4], folio xxviii, verso, column 1:They hewe downe a tre in the wod with the hondes of the woꝛke man, and faſhion it with the axe: they couer it ouer with golde oꝛ ſyluer, they faſten it w$^t$ nales and hammers, that it moue not.

### See also

* tre corde

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *treje, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate to Latin trēs (“three”) and Sanskrit त्रि (tri, “three”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾɛ/

### Numeral

tre
* three

#### Related terms

* tri

## Breton
### Adverb

tre
* very
    Mat-tre!Very good!

## Cornish
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *treβ, from Proto-Celtic *trebā, from Proto-Indo-European *treb-. Cognate with Welsh tref

### Noun

tre f (plural trevow)
* home, homestead
* town, village

### Adverb

tre
* at home
* back, homewards

### Mutation
## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ f pl (þrijoʀ), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes (“three”).
The modern Danish form is a merger of the original East Old Norse accusative masculine þrēa (West þrjá) and the nominative/accusative feminine þrēaʀ (West þrjár).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtˢʁ̥ɛˀ]

### Numeral

tre
* three

### Further reading

* “tre” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “tre” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from French très.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tre]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: tre

### Adverb

tre
* very

#### Descendants

* → Ido: tre

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto tre, French très.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tre/

### Adverb

tre
* very

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Compare Sicilian tri.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtre/$^*$
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -e
* Hyphenation: tré

### Numeral

tre (invariable)
* three

### Noun

tre m (invariable)
* three

#### Related terms

* tre Marie
* tre per due
* tre unità
* trecentesco
* trecento, Trecento
* tredicenne
* tredicesima
* tredici
* tremila
* trenta
* tri-
* trivio

### See also

Playing cards in Italian · carte da gioco (layout · text) :
| asso | due | tre | quattro | cinque | sei | sette |
| otto | nove | dieci | fante | donna, regina | re | jolly, joker, matta |

## Kalasha
### Etymology

From Sanskrit त्रयः (trayaḥ), from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

### Numeral

tre
* three; 3

## Kamkata-viri
### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *tre, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾe/

### Numeral

tre (Eastern Kata-viri, Kamviri, Western Kata-viri)
* three

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “tr′e”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Lombard
### Etymology

From Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɾe]

### Numeral

tre (masculine ordinal terzo, feminine ordinal terza)
* (Old Lombard) three
** 1274, Bonvesin de la Riva, Libro de Tre Scrigiure:In questo nostro libro da tre guis è scrigiura:In this book we deal with three types of writing:

#### Descendants

* Lombard: trè, trii

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* tree, treo, trew, trewe, treou, trow, trowe

### Etymology

From Old English trēow, from Proto-West Germanic *treu, in turn from Proto-Germanic *trewą. Ultimately descended from Proto-Indo-European *dóru.

### Pronunciation

* (Early Middle English) IPA: /trøː/
* IPA: /treː/
* Rhymes: -eː

### Noun

tre (plural tres or treen)
* a tree or a plant that resembles one
* wood; timber
** c. 1382–1395, John Wycliffe [et al.], edited by Josiah Forshall and Frederic Madden, The Holy Bible, […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, III, or IV), Oxford: At the University Press, published 1850, →OCLC, II. Timothy II:20:In a great house ben not only vessels of gold and of silver but also of tree and of earth.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* appeltre
* axiltre
* extre
* figge tre
* hawe tre
* peretre
* plumtre
* thornetre
* treen
* vyne-tre

#### Descendants

* English: tree
* Scots: tree
* Yola: tren (plural)

#### References

* “trẹ̄, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Middle Irish
### Alternative forms

* tré, tri, trí

### Etymology

From Old Irish tre, from Proto-Celtic *trei (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”); compare Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras), Latin trāns and Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 (þairh).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʲrʲe/

### Preposition

tre (with the accusative; triggers lenition)
* through
** c. 1000, anonymous author, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Stationery Office, published 1935, § 1, page 1, line 11:Secht ndoruis isin bruidin ocus secht sligeda trethe ocus secht tellaige indi ocus secht cori.[There were] seven doors in the hall, and seven passages through it, and seven hearths in it, and seven cauldrons.

#### Inflection

* Second person singular: triut, tréot
* Third person singular feminine: trethe, trithe
Forms combined with a definite article:
* tríasin (“through the m sg or f sg”)
Forms combined with a possessive determiner:
* tret, tríat (“through your sg”)

#### Descendants

* Irish: trí, tré, tré- (combining), fríd (Ulster), thrí (Galway), ⇒ fríd
* Scottish Gaelic: tre
* ⇒ Manx: trooid

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tre”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Neapolitan
### Alternative forms

* tréje

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin trēs. Compare Italian tre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtre/

### Numeral

tre
* three

### References

* AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 285: “tre; quattro” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ (þrijoʀ) (feminine plural), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Compare Danish and Swedish tre, Icelandic þrír, Faroese tríggir.

#### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /tɾeː/

#### Numeral

tre
* three

##### Derived terms

* tredel
* tredeling
* tredimensjonal
* trefase
* trehjuls
* trekant
* tremenning
* treveis
* treåring

##### Related terms

* tredje

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse tré (“tree; beam”), from Proto-Germanic *trewą (“tree”), from pre-Germanic *dréwom, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”), possibly from *drew- (“hard, firm, strong, solid”).
The plurals trær and trærne are derived from Danish træ.

#### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /tɾeː/

#### Noun

tre n (definite singular treet, indefinite plural tre or trær, definite plural trea or trærne)
* tree
* wood
    Dette bordet er lagd av tre.This table is made of wood.

##### Derived terms

* almetre
* balltre
* bartre
* eiketre
* epletre
* frukttre
* juletre
* kakaotre
* kirsebærtre
* lønnetre
* løvtre
* nedfallstre
* oliventre
* palmetre
* penger vokser ikke på trær
* stamtre
* trearbeid
* treblåseinstrument
* treblåser
* treboks
* trebåt
* tregrense
* trehest
* trehus
* trekors
* trekrone
* trekull
* treløs
* tremasse
* treskjærer
* tresko
* tresleiv
* tresnitt
* trestamme
* trestykke
* treverk

### Etymology 3

From Middle Low German treden.

#### Verb

tre (imperative tre, present tense trer, passive tres, simple past trådte, past participle trådt, present participle tredende)
* to step (in, out etc.), to tread
    (military) Tre av! - Dismissed!
    (legislation etc.) tre i kraft - come into effect, come into force

##### Derived terms

* framtre, fremtre
* fratre
* opptre
* overtre

### Etymology 4

From tråd.

#### Alternative forms

* træ

#### Verb

tre (imperative tre, present tense trer, passive tres, simple past tredde, past participle tredd)
* to thread
    tre en nål ― thread a needle

### References

* “tre” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* tri (three, dialectal, also Høgnorsk)
* trí, trjå, trjú (three, dialectal, gender-depending)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /treː/, [tʁeː], [treː], [tɾeː]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse þrír probably through Danish tre, from Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ (þrijoʀ) (feminine plural), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Compare Danish and Swedish tre, Icelandic þrír, Faroese tríggir, English three.

#### Numeral

tre
* three

##### Derived terms

* trear
* tredel
* tredeling
* tredimensjonal
* trefase
* trehjuls
* trekant
* tremenning
* treåring

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse tré, from Proto-Germanic *trewą, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Akin to English tree.

#### Noun

tre n (definite singular treet, indefinite plural tre, definite plural trea)
* tree
    Trea i skogen var gamle.The trees in the forest were old.
* wood

##### Derived terms

* almetre
* balltre
* bartre
* eiketre
* epletre
* frukttre
* joletre
* juletre
* kakaotre
* kirsebærtre
* lønnetre
* nedfallstre
* oliventre
* palmetre
* stamtre
* trearbeid
* treblåseinstrument
* treboks
* trebåt
* tregrense
* trehest
* trehus
* trekors, trekross
* trekrone
* tremasse
* treskjerar
* tresko
* tresleiv
* tresnitt
* trestamme
* trestykke
* treverk

### Etymology 3

From earlier treda, from Middle Low German treden, from Proto-Germanic *trudaną. Doublet of trø and trå. Akin to English tread.

#### Verb

tre (present tense trer, past tense tredde, supine tredd or trett, past participle tredd, present participle treande, imperative tre)
* (intransitive) to tread, step
** 1878 June 19, “Peter Schlemihl”, in Fedraheimen, page 135:han skynade mi Meining og trod tvo Stig attende.He got the memo, and took two steps back.

##### Conjugation

This verb is inflected as a short-formed weak e-verb, according to current standardization. The short form was introduced in 1959, and the weak past tense tredde was introduced in 1991, two developments made final by the reform of 2012. There is an outline of the development within the table below. The history is also intertwined with its semantically overlapping doublet, trå, as their inflections have been suppletive of each other.
Historical inflection of tre, treda and trede
infinitive
present tense
past tense
supine
Aasen
sg.
treda
tred
trod
tradet
pl.
treda
trodo
1901
treda
tred
trod
trade
1917
treda [trede]
tred [treder]
trod
trode
1938
treda [trede]
tred [treder]
trod
tradi
1959
tre, treda, trede
trer, tred [treder]
tro, trod
trådd
1985
tre, treda, trede
trer, tred [treder]
tro, trod, trådde
trede, tredi, trådd, trådt
1991
tre, treda, trede
trer, tred, treder
tredde, tro, trod
tredd, tredt, trede, tredi
2012 (current)
tre
trer
tredde
tredd, trett :

##### Alternative forms

* treda, trede (long forms) (non-standard since 2012)

##### Derived terms

* opptre
* tre av
* tre fram
* tre i kraft

##### Related terms

* trå (Etymology 3)

### Etymology 4
#### Verb

tre (present tense trer, past tense tredde, past participle tredd, imperative tre)
* Misspelling of træ.

### References

* “tre” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* ert, ret, ter

## Old Irish
### Preposition

tre
* Alternative form of tri

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Piedmontese
### Etymology

From Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs. Cognates include Italian tre and French trois.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trɛ/

### Numeral

tre
* three

## Romanian
### Verb

tre
* (nonstandard) alternative typography of tre’

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish tri (“through”), from Proto-Celtic *trei (compare Welsh trwy), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to pass through”).

### Preposition

tre (+ dative, triggers lenition)
* through, by means of

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish þrir, þrī, from Runic Swedish þrīR, from Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Norse ᚦᚱᛁᛃᛟᛉ (þrijoʀ) (feminine plural), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Compare Norwegian and Danish tre, Icelandic þrír, Faroese tríggir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /treː/
* Rhymes: -eː
* Audio:(file)

### Numeral

tre
* three

#### Synonyms

* trenne (archaic)

#### Coordinate terms

| | —0 | —1 | —2 | —3 | —4 | —5 | —6 | —7 | —8 | —9 |
| 0— | noll | ett, en | två | tre | fyra | fem | sex | sju | åtta | nio |
| 1— | tio | elva | tolv | tretton | fjorton | femton | sexton | sjutton | arton | nitton |
| 2— | tjugo | tjugoett, tjugoen | tjugotvå | tjugotre | tjugofyra | tjugofem | tjugosex | tjugosju | tjugoåtta | tjugonio |
| 3— | trettio | trettioett, trettioen | trettiotvå | trettiotre | trettiofyra | trettiofem | trettiosex | trettiosju | trettioåtta | trettionio |
| 4— | fyrtio | fyrtioett, fyrtioen | fyrtiotvå | fyrtiotre | fyrtiofyra | fyrtiofem | fyrtiosex | fyrtiosju | fyrtioåtta | fyrtionio |
| 5— | femtio | femtioett, femtioen | femtiotvå | femtiotre | femtiofyra | femtiofem | femtiosex | femtiosju | femtioåtta | femtionio |
| 6— | sextio | sextioett, sextioen | sextiotvå | sextiotre | sextiofyra | sextiofem | sextiosex | sextiosju | sextioåtta | sextionio |
| 7— | sjuttio | sjuttioett, sjuttioen | sjuttiotvå | sjuttiotre | sjuttiofyra | sjuttiofem | sjuttiosex | sjuttiosju | sjuttioåtta | sjuttionio |
| 8— | åttio | åttioett, åttioen | åttiotvå | åttiotre | åttiofyra | åttiofem | åttiosex | åttiosju | åttioåtta | åttionio |
| 9— | nittio | nittioett, nittioen | nittiotvå | åttiotre | nittiofyra | nittiofem | nittiosex | nittiosju | nittioåtta | nittionio |
* 100: hundra
* 10$^3$: tusen
* 10$^4$: tiotusen (myriad)
* 10$^6$: miljon
* 10$^9$: miljard
* 10$^{12}$: biljon
* 10$^{15}$: biljard
* 10$^{18}$: triljon
* 10$^{21}$: triljard
* 10$^{24}$: kvadriljon
* 10$^{27}$: kvadriljard
* 10$^{30}$: kvintiljon
* 10$^{33}$: kvintiljard
* 10$^{36}$: sextiljon
* 10$^{39}$: sextiljard
* 10$^{42}$: septiljon
* 10$^{45}$: septiljard
* 10$^{48}$: oktiljon
* 10$^{51}$: oktiljard
* 10$^{54}$: noniljon
* 10$^{57}$: noniljard
* 10$^{60}$: deciljon
* 10$^{63}$: deciljard
* 10$^{66}$: undeciljon
* 10$^{69}$: undeciljard
* 10$^{72}$: duodeciljon
* 10$^{75}$: duodeciljard
* 10$^{78}$: tredeciljon
* 10$^{81}$: tredeciljard
* 10$^{84}$: quattuordeciljon
* 10$^{87}$: quattuordeciljard
* 10$^{100}$: googol
* 10$^{120}$: vigintiljon
* 10$^{123}$: vigintiljard

#### Derived terms

* tredagarsfeber
* tredimensionell
* tredubbel
* treenig
* treenighet
* trefaldig
* trefalt
* trefas
* trefot
* treglasfönster
* trehjuling
* trekant
* treklöver
* trekropparsproblemet
* trekvart
* trerading
* trerummare
* tresiffrig
* treskift
* treskifte
* trespann
* trestavig
* tresteg
* trestegshopp
* trestjärnig
* trestruken
* tretakt
* tretal
* tretungad
* tretår
* treudd
* treårig

#### Related terms

* trea
* tredje

#### See also

* noll, ett, två, tre, fyra, fem, sex, sju, åtta, nio, tio, elva, tolv

### References

* tre in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* tre in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* tre in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* ert, ter

## Tocharian A

| Previous: | we, wu |
| Next: | śtwar |

### Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian *treyä, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate with Tocharian B trey, trai.

### Numeral

tre
* three

### References

* Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “trai”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 339-340

## Tregami
### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *tre, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾe/

### Numeral

tre (Gambir)
* three

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “tr′e”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Umbrian
### Romanization

tre
* Romanization of 𐌕𐌓𐌄

## Venetan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin trēs. Compare Italian tre.

### Numeral

tre
* three

#### Synonyms

* tri

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* (certain coastal Northern dialects, endangered) te (dialects with /ʈ/-/t/ merger)

### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *k-lɛː. Compare also Proto-Katuic *ʔalɛɛ (“type of bamboo”) (whence Pacoh ale (“small bamboo used for spears”)).
Attested as tle in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).
Doublet of le (seen in măng le (“kind of wild bamboo shoots”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕɛ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʈɛ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʈɛ˧˧]

### Noun

(classifier cây) tre • (𥯌, 椥)
* bamboo

#### Derived terms

* chẻ tre
* tre đại
* tre già măng mọc
* tre là ngà
* tre mỡ
* tre nứa
* tre phấn
* tre pheo
* tre trúc

## Waigali
### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *tre, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɾe/

### Numeral

tre (Nisheigram)
* three

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “tre”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /treː/
* Rhymes: -eː

### Noun

tre f (plural trefi)
* Alternative form of tref

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.