# ер
## Bashkir
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yẹr (“earth; land”).
Cognate with Tatar җир (cir), Kazakh жер (jer), Kyrgyz жер (jer), Southern Altai јер (ǰer), Uzbek yer, Turkish yer (“land; earth”), etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jɪ̞r]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ер (one syllable)

### Noun

ер • (yer)
* earth
    Көнө етер, ергә яңы пәйғәмбәр килер.Könö yeter, yergə yañı pəyğəmbər kiler.The day will come, (when) a new prophet will come to the earth.
* land
    Сит ер.Sit yer.A foreign land
* land; real estate or landed property
    Ауылда биш сутый ере бар.Awılda biş sutıy yere bar.(S)he has 5 ares of land in the village.
* ground; soil
    Ҡыш ҡарһыҙ булғанға ер туң, һыу ергә һеңә алмай, шуға йылғалар таша.Qış qarhıź bulğanğa yer tuñ, hıw yergə heñə almay, şuğa yılğalar taşa.Because the winter has been without snow, soil is frozen, water cannot get absorbed into soil, this is why rivers flood.
* locality, place
    Тыуған ер.Tıwğan yer.Birthplace
** (Can we date this quote?), Аҡмулла [Aqmulla, Aqmulla], (Please provide the book title or journal name):Үләкһә бар ерҙә эт һимерә.Üləkhə bar yerźə et himerə.In a place where there is carrion, the dog will get fat.

#### Derived terms

* һәр ерҙә (hər yerźə, “everywhere”)
* ер тетрәү (yer tetrəw, “earthquake”)

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic ѥръ (jerŭ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛr]

### Noun

е́р • (ér) m
* yer (Slavic languages)

#### Declension
## Kazakh
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Common Turkic *ēder (“saddle”).

#### Noun

ер • (er)
* saddle

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ēr (“man”).

#### Noun

ер • (er)
* man
* hero
* husband

##### Declension
## Kumyk
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *yẹr.

#### Noun

ер • (yer)
* earth
** Earth
* ground
* territory
* place
* space

##### Derived terms

* ерли (yerli, “local”)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ẹ̆dŋe-r.

#### Noun

ер • (yer)
* saddle

##### Derived terms

* ерли (yerli, “sadled”)

### Further reading

* Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “ер”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɛr]

### Noun

ер • (er) m
* yer (Slavic languages)

#### Declension
## Mongolian
### Etymology 1

| Mongolian | Cyrillic |
| ᠶᠡᠷᠡ (yere) | ер (jer) |
From Proto-Mongolic *yeren, compare Mongghul yerin, yiran.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɵr̥/
* Syllabification: ер (1 syllable)

#### Numeral

ер • (jer)
* ninety

##### Related terms

* ес (jes, “nine”)

### Etymology 2

| Mongolian | Cyrillic |
| ᠶᠡᠷᠦ (yerü) | ер (jer) |
Attested since the Yuan period Middle Mongol, limited to the central languages.
Compare Buryat юрэ (jure), Kalmyk йир (yir).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɵr̥/
* Syllabification: ер (1 syllable)

#### Adjective

ер • (jer)
* common, usual

#### Adverb

ер • (jer)
* (with negatives) at all
    Synonym: огт (ogt)

#### Derived terms

* ерөнхий (jörönxii, “common, general, chief”)
* ер нь (jer nʹ, “generally”)
* ерийн (jeriin, “common”)
* ер бусын (jer busyn, “extraordinary, weird”)

## Nogai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yẹr.

### Noun

ер • (yer)
* ground, earth, land

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yé:r”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 954
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jẹr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic ѥръ (jerŭ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jer]

### Noun

ер • (jer) m inan (genitive е́ра, nominative plural е́ры or еры́, genitive plural е́ров or еро́в)
* (obsolete) letter "ъ", now called твёрдый знак (tvjórdyj znak)