# 漫

| 漫 | U+6F2B, &#28459; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F2B |
| ← 漪 [U+6F2A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 漬 → [U+6F2C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

漫 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水日田水 (EAWE), four-corner 3614$_7$, composition ⿰氵曼)

#### Derived characters

* 䕕, 𩆓

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 646, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18166
* Dae Jaweon: page 1056, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1721, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6F2B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 獌 | *mroːn, *moːns, *mons |
| 鬘 | *mroːn |
| 謾 | *mroːn, *mroːns, *mon, *moːn, *moːns |
| 慢 | *mroːns |
| 嫚 | *mroːns |
| 縵 | *mroːns, *moːns |
| 曼 | *moːn, *mons |
| 饅 | *moːn |
| 蔓 | *moːn, *mons |
| 鰻 | *moːn, *mons |
| 墁 | *moːn, *moːns |
| 鏝 | *moːn, *moːns |
| 槾 | *moːn |
| 漫 | *moːns |
| 幔 | *moːns |
| 蟃 | *mons |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *moːns): semantic 氵 + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons) – Water overflowing. Note that 曼 (màn) means “vast, extended”, so connotations of “too much water, overflow”.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): màn (man$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maan$^6$ / maan$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): man
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mang$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bān / boān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuêng$^6$ / bhuang$^6$ / muang$^6$ / mua$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$me
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: màn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: màn
*** Wade–Giles: man$^4$
*** Yale: màn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mann
*** Palladius: мань (manʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /män⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maan$^6$ / maan$^4$
*** Yale: maahn / màahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maan$^6$ / maan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: man$^6$ / man$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːn²²/, /maːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: man
*** Hakka Romanization System: man
*** Hagfa Pinyim: man$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /man⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: mang$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: māng
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān
*** Tâi-lô: bān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ban
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ban²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ban⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ban³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boān
*** Tâi-lô: buān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boan
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /buan²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bhuêng$^6$ / bhuang$^6$ / muang$^6$ / mua$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buĕng / buăng / muăng / muā
*** Sinological IPA : /bueŋ³⁵/, /buaŋ³⁵/, /muaŋ³⁵/, /mua¹¹/
* bhuêng6 - Chaozhou;
* bhuang6 - Shantou, Chenghai;
* muang6 - Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping;
* mua7 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: manH
Rime :
| Character | 漫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫半切 |
| Baxter | manH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mʷɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | màn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤa[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*moːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 漫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | màn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ man$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁa[n]-s/ |
| English | wide, limitless |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8748 |
| Phonetic component | 曼 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 縵 |
| Old Chinese | /*moːns/ |

#### Definitions

漫
* to overflow (of water); to brim over; to flood
* to be everywhere
    漫天 ― màntiān ― to fill the whole sky
    From: 1925, Mao Zedong, 沁園春·長沙
    Màn jiāng bì tòu, bǎi gě zhēng liú. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* long; endless
* free; casual; unrestrained
    漫談／漫谈 ― màntán ― to chat freely
    漫無目的／漫无目的 ― mànwúmùde ― aimless
* do not
    漫說／漫说 ― mànshuō ― not to mention

#### Compounds

* 動漫畫 / 动漫画
* 嘲諷漫罵 / 嘲讽漫骂
* 國際漫遊 / 国际漫游
* 天真爛漫 / 天真烂漫 (tiānzhēnlànmàn)
* 太空漫步 (tàikōng mànbù)
* 夷漫
* 彌漫 / 弥漫 (mímàn)
* 懷刺漫滅 / 怀刺漫灭
* 抵死漫生
* 撒漫
* 散漫
* 杳漫
* 汙漫 / 污漫 (wūmàn)
* 汗漫
* 河漫灘 / 河漫滩 (hémàntān)
* 流漫
* 浩漫
* 浪漫 (làngmàn)
* 浪漫主義 / 浪漫主义 (làngmàn zhǔyì)
* 浪漫曲
* 浪漫樂派 / 浪漫乐派
* 浪漫派
* 淼漫
* 湠漫
* 漫不經心 / 漫不经心 (mànbùjīngxīn)
* 漫不經意 / 漫不经意
* 漫卷
* 漫反射 (mànfǎnshè)
* 漫叟
* 漫地漫天
* 漫地風雪 / 漫地风雪
* 漫天 (màntiān)
* 漫天匝地
* 漫天叫價 / 漫天叫价
* 漫天塞地
* 漫天徹地 / 漫天彻地
* 漫天漫地
* 漫天索價 / 漫天索价
* 漫天蓋地 / 漫天盖地
* 漫天討價 / 漫天讨价
* 漫天遍野
* 漫天開價 / 漫天开价
* 漫天飛舞 / 漫天飞舞
* 漫射 (mànshè)
* 漫山 (mànshān)
* 漫山塞野 (mànshān sè yě)
* 漫山越嶺 / 漫山越岭
* 漫山遍野 (mànshānbiànyě)
* 漫布
* 漫成
* 漫條斯理 / 漫条斯理
* 漫步 (mànbù)
* 漫水 (Mànshuǐ)
* 漫汗
* 漫流
* 漫浪
* 漫游 (mànyóu)
* 漫滅 / 漫灭
* 漫溢 (mànyì)
* 漫漫 (mànmàn)
* 漫漶 (mànhuàn)
* 漫灌
* 漫然
* 漫無止境 / 漫无止境
* 漫無目的 / 漫无目的
* 漫無節制 / 漫无节制
* 漫無紀律 / 漫无纪律
* 漫無邊際 / 漫无边际
* 漫畫 / 漫画 (mànhuà)
* 漫空
* 漫筆 / 漫笔 (mànbǐ)
* 漫罵 / 漫骂 (mànmà)
* 漫聲 / 漫声
* 漫與 / 漫与
* 漫草
* 漫衍
* 漫評 / 漫评
* 漫說 / 漫说
* 漫語 / 漫语
* 漫誕不稽 / 漫诞不稽
* 漫談 / 漫谈 (màntán)
* 漫議 / 漫议
* 漫遊 / 漫游 (mànyóu)
* 漫道
* 漫錄 / 漫录
* 漫長 / 漫长 (màncháng)
* 漫頭一料 / 漫头一料
* 漫騰騰 / 漫腾腾 (mànténgténg)
* 澶漫
* 濫漫 / 滥漫
* 瀰漫 / 弥漫 (mímàn)
* 瀾漫 / 澜漫 (lànmàn)
* 爛漫 / 烂漫 (lànmàn)
* 碧雞漫志 / 碧鸡漫志
* 罕漫
* 迷漫 (mímàn)
* 過漫 / 过漫
* 魚龍漫衍 / 鱼龙漫衍
* 黑漫漫

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): màn (man$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: màn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: màn
*** Wade–Giles: man$^4$
*** Yale: màn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mann
*** Palladius: мань (manʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /män⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mànr
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mànr
*** Wade–Giles: man$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: mànr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mall
*** Palladius: маньр (manʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɑɻ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

漫
* Alternative form of 鏝 / 镘 (màn, “side of a coin without written characters”)

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “漫”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 151.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* aimlessly, at random, unintentional; ridiculous, caricatural

#### Readings

* Go-on: まん (man, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ばん (ban)
* Kun: みだりに (midari ni, 漫りに)、そぞろに (sozoro ni, 漫ろに)

#### Compounds

* 漫(まん)画(が) (manga): comics
* 漫(まん)言(げん) (mangen)
* 漫(まん)語(ご) (mango)
* 漫(まん)才(ざい) (manzai): a style of double act stand-up comedy
* 漫(まん)然(ぜん) (manzen)
* 漫(まん)談(だん) (mandan)
* 漫(まん)読(どく) (mandoku)
* 漫(まん)罵(ば) (manba)
* 漫(まん)筆(ぴつ) (manpitsu)
* 漫(まん)評(ぴょう) (manpyō)
* 漫(まん)歩(ぽ) (manpo)
* 漫(まん)々(まん) (manman), 漫(まん)漫(まん) (manman)
* 漫(まん)遊(ゆう) (man'yū)
* 漫(まん)録(ろく) (manroku)
* 散(さん)漫(まん) (sanman)
* 冗(じょう)漫(まん) (jōman)
* 瀰(び)漫(まん) (biman)
* 放(ほう)漫(まん) (hōman)
* 爛(らん)漫(まん) (ranman), 瀾(らん)漫(まん) (ranman)

## Korean
### Hanja

漫 (eumhun 질펀할 만 (jilpeonhal man))
* hanja form of 만 (“overflow of water”)
* hanja form of 만 (“spreading”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

漫: Hán Việt readings: mạn (莫(mạc)半(bán)切(thiết)), man
漫: Nôm readings: mặn, mạn, mướn, mượn, man, mẳn, mớn, mằn, máng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 4 Hồ (1976).
* 1 2 3 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).