# rider
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English ryder, ridere, from Late Old English rīdere (“rider, knight”). Compare Dutch rijder, German Reiter. By surface analysis, ride +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: rī'də(r), IPA: /ˈɹaɪ.də(ɹ)/, [ˈɹ̠aɪdə(ɹ̠)]
* (General American) enPR: rī'dər, IPA: /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠aɪɾɚ]
** (Inland Northern American) IPA: [ˈɹ̠äɪɾɚ]
* (General Australian) enPR: rī'də(r), IPA: /ˈɹɑɪ.də(ɹ)/, [ˈɹ̠ʷɑe̯də(ɹʷ)]
* (Canada) IPA: /ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠aɪɾ(ə)ɹ̠]
** (dialectal) IPA: /ˈɹʌɪ.dəɹ/, [ˈɹ̠əjɾ(ə)ɹ̠]
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪdə(ɹ)
* Homophone: writer (with flapping but without Canadian raising)

### Noun

rider (plural riders)
* A mounted person.
** (now archaic or historical) A knight, or other mounted warrior. [from 11th c.]
** An old Dutch gold coin with the figure of a man on horseback stamped upon it. [from 14th c.]
*** c. 1609–1622?, John Fletcher, “The Womans Prize: Or, The Tamer Tamed”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):His mouldy money! half a dozen riders.
** (generally) Someone who rides a horse or (later) a bicycle, motorcycle etc. [from 14th c.]
*** 1807, [Miss Guion], chapter II, in The Three Germans. Mysteries Exemplified in the Life of Holstein of Lutztein. A German Romance. […], volume I, London: […] J[ames] F[letcher] Hughes, […], →OCLC, page 23:The eyes of Holstein de Dorenstorff stared, wildly, upon a figure, which at this instant appeared, mounted on a beautiful beast, […]; its rider was enveloped in a kind of large, concealing coat, which well answered the intent of its purport: […]
** (now historical or archaic) A mounted robber; a bandit, especially in the Scottish borders. [from 16th c.]
*** 1655, William Drummond of Hawthornden, History of Scotland […] :In Evosdale eight and fourty notorious Riders are hung on growing Trees, the most famous of which was John Arm-Strong
** (obsolete) Someone who breaks in or manages a horse; a riding master. [16th–17th c.]
*** c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:They are taught their mannage, and to that end Riders deerely hir'd.
** (now rare, historical) An agent who goes out with samples of goods to obtain orders; a commercial traveller or travelling salesman. [from 18th c.]
*** 1790, James Boswell, in Danziger & Brady (eds.), Boswell: The Great Biographer (Journal 1789–1795), Yale 1989, p. 70:
    I set out with a Paisley manufacturer and a London rider, the latter of whom I envied for his smartness and self-complacency.
** (now chiefly US) Someone riding in a vehicle; a passenger on public transport. [from 19th c.]
*** 2021 March 25, Somini Sengupta, Geneva Abdul, Manuela Andreoni, Veronica Penney, “Riders Are Abandoning Buses and Trains. That's a Problem for Climate Change.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:On the London Underground, Piccadilly Circus station is nearly vacant on a weekday morning, while the Delhi Metro is ferrying fewer than half of the riders it used to.
** (sports) A boarder, a person who rides a board in boardsports.
*** (sports) A skateboarder
*** (sports) A snowboarder
* An addition, supplement.
** (politics) A supplementary clause added to a document after drafting, especially to a bill under the consideration of a legislature. [from 17th c.]
** An amendment or addition to an entertainer's performance contract, often covering a performer's equipment or food, drinks, and general comfort requirements. [from 20th c.]
*** 2023 July 10, 1:07:39 from the start, in The Making of IMMORTALITY‎:I had sixteen nudity riders to sign and having Jean, our intimacy coordinator, Jean Franzblau, was absolutely pivotal to being able to do this.
** An additional matter or question arising in corollary; a qualification. [from 19th c.]
*** 2015, Ed Glinert, East End Chronicles‎, Penguin UK, →ISBN:But they would hush momentarily for the farce, specially if billed with the grand rider: 'licensed by the Lord Chamberlain expressly for this theatre'.
** A supplementary question, now especially in mathematics. [from 19th c.]
*** 1886, Arthur Sherburne Hardy, The Wind of Destiny:This [question] was a rider which Mab found difficult to answer.
** (insurance) An add-on to an insurance policy.
* Technical senses.
** (shipbuilding) An interior rib occasionally fixed in a ship's hold, reaching from the keelson to the beams of the lower deck, to strengthen the frame. [from 17th c.]
*** 2016, Lucy Blue, Frederick M. Hocker, Anton Englert, Connected by the Sea:During the four weeks of research, a considerable part of the ships structure was discovered underneath the ballast stones: keel, floor timbers, strakes, keelson together with mast step and its sisters and rider
** (mining, now rare) Rock material in a vein of ore, dividing it. [from 17th c.]
** (nautical, in the plural) The second tier of casks in a vessel's hold. [from 19th c.]
** A small, sliding piece of thin metal on a balance, used to determine small weights. [from 19th c.]
** (cartomancy) The first Lenormand card, also known as either the horseman or the cavalier.
** (chess) A piece, such as the rook or bishop, which moves any distance in one direction, as long as no other piece is in the way.

#### Synonyms

* (mounted person): horseman

#### Coordinate terms

* (attached information): allonge, attachment
* (mounted person): driver, passenger

#### Derived terms

* batty rider
* black rider (Famine)
* boundary rider
* boundary-rider
* butt rider
* camel rider
* circuit rider
* coffin rider
* dispatch rider
* forerider
* freedom rider
* free rider
* gang-rider
* hedge rider
* horse rider
* inclusion rider
* lowrider
* night rider
* pale rider (Death)
* post rider
* red rider (War)
* roughrider, rough rider
* Rough Riders
* rug rider
* sausage rider
* scrub rider
* spring rider
* surf rider
* transport rider
* waverider
* white rider (Conquest)

#### Translations
### See also

* (mounted person): mountie

### Anagrams

* direr, drier, reird

## Danish
### Noun

rider c
* indefinite plural of ride

### Verb

rider
* present of ride

## French
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French rider, from Old French rider (“to wrinkle”), from Old High German rīdan, wrīdan (“to turn; twist; wind; wring; wind up; wrench”), from Proto-West Germanic *wrīþan (“to turn, twist”). Cognate with German reiden (“to turn; tie up; lace”). More at writhe.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁi.de/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

rider
* (ambitransitive) to wrinkle
* to ripple
    Le vent ridait la surface du lac.The wind made ripples into the lake's surface.

##### Conjugation
#### Further reading

* “rider”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English ride.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁaj.de/

#### Verb

rider
* (Louisiana, Cajun) to ride

##### Conjugation
## Interlingua
### Verb

rider
* to laugh

#### Related terms

* surrider

## Middle English
### Noun

rider
* Alternative form of ryder

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French rider (“to wrinkle”), from Old High German rīdan (“to turn; twist”).

### Verb

rider
* to wrinkle

#### Conjugation

* Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

#### Descendants

* French: rider

## Middle Low German
### Etymology

From the verb rîden (“ride”). Cognate with English rider and German Reiter (“rider”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riːðər/

### Noun

rîder
* a rider

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

rider
* present of ride

## Spanish
### Noun

rider m (plural rideres)
* rider, biker (motorcyclist)

## Swedish
### Verb

rider
* present indicative of rida

### Anagrams

* dirre