# ماه
## Arabic
### Etymology

Formally from م و ه (m w h) and its variant, م ي ه (m y h), both of which derive denominally from مَاء (māʔ), itself being ultimately from Proto-Semitic *māy-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maː.ha/

### Verb

مَاهَ • (māha) I (non-past يَمُوهُ (yamūhu), verbal noun مَوْه (mawh) or مُؤُوه (muʔūh) or مَاهَة (māha)) مَاهَ • (māha) I (non-past يَمِيهُ (yamīhu), verbal noun مَيْه (mayh) or مَيْهَة (mayha))
* (intransitive) to produce water (of a well, etc.)
* (intransitive) to abound with water (of a well, etc.)
* (intransitive) to take on water (of a ship)
* (transitive) to give water to, to hydrate
    Synonyms: سَقَى (saqā), رَوَى (rawā)
** (transitive) to water (an animal)
** (transitive) to gild, to coat with gold or similar material
** (intransitive) to err [with فِي (fī) ‘in one's words’], to make a slip of the tongue

#### Conjugation
### Verb

مَاهَ • (māha) I (non-past يَمَاهُ (yamāhu), verbal noun مَوْه (mawh) or مُؤُوه (muʔūh) or مَاهَة (māha))
* (intransitive) to abound with water

#### Conjugation
### Verb

مَاهَ • (māha) I (non-past يَمُوهُ (yamūhu), verbal noun مَوْه (mawh))
* (transitive) to mix [with accusative ‘something’ and بِ (bi) ‘with something’]

#### Conjugation
## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭩𐭥𐭧 (byʿḥ /⁠māh⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māha⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *mā́Hah (compare Northern Kurdish meh, mang, Ossetian мӕй (mæj), Avestan 𐬨𐬃 (mā̊), 𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵 (måŋh), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has (compare Sanskrit मास (mā́sa)), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”) (compare Albanian muaj, Armenian ամիս (amis), French mois, Tocharian A mañ, English moon, month). Doublet of مانگ (mâng, “Moon”).
For the poetic sense "beautiful person," compare the semantics of Arabic قَمَر (qamar, “Moon; (in poetry) beautiful person”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mɑːh]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mɑːʱ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mɑːʱ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mɒːʱ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mɔʱ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

#### Noun

ماه • (mâh) (plural ماه‌ها (mâh-hâ))
* moon
** c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 122:شبم ز روزن اگر ماه آسمان آید جهم ز جای تصور کنم که ماه منستšabam zi rōzan agar māh-i āsmān āyad jaham zi jāy tasawwur kunam ki māh-i man astAt night, if the moon of the heavens comes to me through the window, I leap forth from my place, imagining that it is my beloved.(Classical Persian transliteration)
* month
* (poetic, figurative) beautiful person; beauty; the beloved
    Synonyms: ماهرو (mâhru), ماهرُخ (mâhrox)
    تو خیلی ماهی ― to xeyli mâhi. ― You are so lovely.
** c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 122:شبم ز روزن اگر ماه آسمان آید جهم ز جای تصور کنم که ماه منستšabam zi rōzan agar māh-i āsmān āyad jaham zi jāy tasawwur kunam ki māh-i man astAt night, if the moon of the heavens comes to me through the window, I leap forth from my place, imagining that it is my beloved [lit: "moon"].(Classical Persian transliteration)

##### Alternative forms

* مه (mah) (poetic)

##### Derived terms

* ماهان (mâhân)
* ماهانه (mâhâne)
* ماهرخ (mâhrox)
* ماهرو (mâhru)
* (obsolete) ماهچه (mâhče)
* مهتاب (mahtâb)

##### Descendants

* → Gujarati: માહ (māh)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: माह (māh)
    Urdu: مَاہ (māh)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (mʾy /⁠māy⁠⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐎭 (m-a-d /⁠mādaʰ⁠/). Doublet of ماد (mâd).

#### Proper noun

ماه • (mâh)
* Media (A region in northwestern Iran, originally inhabited by the Medes)
    Synonym: ماد (mâd)

##### Derived terms

* ماهی (mâhi, “Median, Mede”)
* ماهیدشت (mâhi-dašt, “the Median plain”)

### References

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ماه”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 338