# ri
## English
### Etymology

From the McCune-Reischauer romanization of Korean 리 (ri), from Mandarin Chinese 里 (lǐ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹiː/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iː

### Noun

ri (plural ris or li)
* (Units of measure) Synonym of li as a Korean unit of distance equivalent to about 393 m.
* (music) The solfeggio syllable used to indicate the sharp of the second note of a major scale, enharmonic to me.

### Anagrams

* IR, Ir., ir-

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *(h)eríja- 'of this time, from this time, presently, of now > new, recent', a derivative of Alb. herë '(one) time, hour' etc., which is an old loan-word from Latin hōra 'time, hour' etc.; the Albanian substantive is historically not compatible with a reconstruction Proto-Indo-European *h₁r̥wo-, zero-grade of *h₁orwo- (compare Old English earu (“quick”), Tocharian B ārwer (“ready”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥𐬙 (aruuant, “quick, brave”)), as has been proposed in the literature. According to R. Matasovic (A grammatical sketch of Albanian for students of Indo-European. Zadar 2018), the etymology of the adjective is controversial and has no accepted source or from substrate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾi]

### Adjective

i ri (feminine e re, masculine plural të rinj, feminine plural të reja)
* young
    një vajzë e rea young girl
* new
    filma të rinjnew movies

### References

Neri, Sergio, Article ri (i), re (e) in: Bardhyl Demiraj, Olav Hackstein, Sergio Neri und Ania Omari. DPEWA, Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen“ (15.-18. Jh.), München 2018-2021 (https://www.dpwa.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/dictionary/?lemmaid=14385)

## Anguthimri
### Noun

ri
* (Mpakwithi) excrement

### References

* Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 188

## Dalmatian
### Alternative forms

* rau

### Etymology

From Latin reus. Compare Italian rio, Romanian rău.

### Adjective

ri (feminine raja)
* bad

## Danish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German rigen (“to put in folds”), from or related to Old Saxon rekkian (“to extend”). Distantly related to Old Norse rekja (“to unfold, unwind”), hence a doublet of række (“to reach”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riː/, [ʁiːˀ]

### Verb

ri (imperative ri, present rir or rier, past riede, past participle riet)
* baste, tack (to sew with wide stitches to temporarily fasten pieces of cloth)

#### Derived terms

* rining

## Esperanto
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ri]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ri

### Pronoun

ri (accusative rin, possessive ria)
* (gender-neutral, nonstandard) they (singular). A gender-neutral singular third-person personal pronoun.
** 1997, Liland Brajant ROS', “Pri Sennaciistaj postulatoj”, in soc.culture.esperanto‎ (Usenet):Kial gravas, kiu ri estas?Why is it important, who they are?
** 2006, “Maldormemo mia”, in Eksenlime, performed by La Perdita Generacio:Najbaro laboranta en la sama laborejo / En la bela domo ri ne pentras pluA neighbor working in the same workplace / In the beautiful house they don't paint anymore
** 2014, Roland Bonkorpa, “Fiinsulo”, in Beletra Almanako, number 21, New York, N.Y.: Mondial, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 32:Ri estis la plej pacienca kaj inteligenta hundo, kiun mi iam renkontis.They were the most patient and intelligent dog I had ever met.

#### Usage notes

In 1976, the gender-neutral pronoun ri was presented for the first time alongside the pronouns li (he) and ŝi (she). Until about 2010, it remained a seldom used experimental word, but after 2010 its use has increased significantly, especially in youth circles in Western countries. Comparable to English epicene pronouns. Also read about gender reform in Esperanto. Alternatives include expanding the use of the demonstrative pronoun tiu (“that one”) or using the similarly proscribed ŝli.

#### Synonyms

* (neologism, non standard) ŝli

#### Derived terms

* riismo (“ri-ism”)

### See also

| | | Singular | Singular | Singular | Plural | Plural | Plural |
| | | Nominative | Accusative | Possessive | Nominative | Accusative | Possessive |
| First person | First person | mi | min | mia | ni | nin | nia |
| Second person | Formal | vi | vin | via | vi | vin | via |
| Second person | Familiar$^1$ | ci | cin | cia | vi | vin | via |
| Third person | Masculine | li | lin | lia | ili iŝi$^3$ | ilin iŝin$^3$ | ilia iŝia$^3$ |
| Third person | Feminine | ŝi | ŝin | ŝia | ili iŝi$^3$ | ilin iŝin$^3$ | ilia iŝia$^3$ |
| Third person | Neuter | ĝi | ĝin | ĝia | ili iŝi$^3$ | ilin iŝin$^3$ | ilia iŝia$^3$ |
| Third person | Gender-neutral$^2$ | ri ŝli | rin ŝlin | ria ŝlia | ili iŝi$^3$ | ilin iŝin$^3$ | ilia iŝia$^3$ |
| Third person | Reflexive | si | sin | sia | si | sin | sia |
| Indefinite | Indefinite | oni | onin | onia | oni | onin | onia |
| Notes ||||||||
| $^1$ The second person familiar pronouns are archaic. $^2$ The proposed gender-neutral third-person singular pronouns ri (rin, ria) and ŝli (ŝlin, ŝlia) are not widely used. $^3$ The proposed third-person feminine plural pronoun iŝi (iŝin, iŝia) is not widely used. ||||||||

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁi/
* Audio (Paris):(file)

### Participle

ri (feminine rie, masculine plural ris, feminine plural ries)
* past participle of rire

## Galician
### Verb

ri
* inflection of rir:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
* (reintegrationist norm) inflection of rir:
** third-person singular present indicative
** first-person singular preterite indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Guinea-Bissau Creole
### Etymology

From Portuguese rir. Cognate with Kabuverdianu ri.

### Verb

ri
* to laugh

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rìː/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [rìː]

### Ideophone

r̃ī̀
* people or animals moving as a group

## Igbo
### Pronunciation

* (inherent tone): IPA: /rí/

### Verb

ri
* to eat, to absorb.
    Ha na-eri nri.
       They are eating food.
** 2019, Bịabụlụ Nsọ nʼIgbo Ndị Ugbu a, Biblica Inc., Luke 24:43:
    O we nara ya, rie n'iru ha.He then took it and ate it in front of them.
* to acquire.

## Italian
### Adjective

ri m
* masculine plural of rio

### Anagrams

* ir-

## Japanese
### Romanization

ri
* The hiragana syllable り (ri) or the katakana syllable リ (ri) in Hepburn romanization.

## Javanese
### Romanization

ri
* Romanization of ꦫꦶ

## Kabuverdianu
### Etymology

From Portuguese rir.

### Verb

ri
* to laugh

## Lashi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɹi˧]
* Hyphenation: ri

### Particle

ri
* Used to mark the preceding noun as a direct object.
** 2005, “Apoem ayang꞉ 1:1 [Genesis 1:1]”, in Jhoem꞉ mougsougˮ [The Book of the Bible], page 2:Xang꞉ shiˮ moo Mangsoo gi mougkhung꞉ yoʼ myidjang ri phainˮ so꞉ toˮ.First, God created heaven and earth.

### References

* Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), page 22

## Lutuv
### Etymology

Likely from Proto-Kuki-Chin *reel (“"count, read"”)

### Verb

ri
* to read

### References

* ↑ Kenneth VanBik (2009) Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Languages (STEDT Monograph Series), volume 8, →ISBN
* ↑ Amanda Bohnert (2025) “The Lutuv (Lautu) Verbal Agreement System”, in Indiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎, volume 4, number 1

## Makasar
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di, from Proto-Austronesian *di.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ri]

### Preposition

ri (Lontara spelling ᨑᨗ)
* general preposition (in, at, to etc.)

## Mandarin
### Romanization

ri
* Nonstandard spelling of rī.
* Nonstandard spelling of rì.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Nabi
### Noun

ri
* woman

### References

* transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riː/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hríð.

#### Noun

ri (definite singular, indefinite plural, definite plural)
* attack, sudden pain or mood
* a short while

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse ríða.

#### Alternative forms

* ride

#### Verb

ri (imperative ri, present tense rir, simple past red or rei, past participle ridd, present participle riende)
* to ride (an animal, e.g. a horse)

### References

* “ri” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riː/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hríð.

#### Alternative forms

* rid (non-standard since 1938)

#### Noun

ri f (definite singular ria, indefinite plural rier, definite plural riene)
* attack, sudden pain or mood
* a short while
* period with harsh weather

##### Derived terms

* angstri
* frostri
* føderi
* hosteri
* uvêrsri

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse ríða, from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną.

#### Alternative forms

* rida, ride

#### Verb

ri (present tense rir, past tense rei, past participle ridd or ridt or ride, present participle ridande, imperative ri)
* to ride (an animal)

##### Related terms

* reia, reie

### References

* “ri” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* ir

## Old Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ri/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi, from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi

#### Noun

ri
* thorn
* thorny plant

##### Alternative forms

* rwi
* hri, ĕri

##### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦶ (ri)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *di, from Proto-Austronesian *di. Compare Makasar ri (ᨑᨗ).

#### Particle

ri
* prepositional particle

##### Alternative forms

* i

##### Derived terms

* iṅ
* riṅ

##### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦶ (ri)

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁi/ [ˈhi]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁi/ [ˈhi]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁi/ [ˈχi]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʁi/
* Rhymes: -i

### Verb

ri
* inflection of rir:
** third-person singular present indicative
** first-person singular preterite indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish fri (“towards, against”), from Old Irish fri. Cognates include Irish fré and Manx rish.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾʲi/
* (Lewis) IPA: [ði]

### Preposition

ri (+ dative, no mutation, before the definite article ris)
* to, against, with
    ris a' ghaoith ― against the wind
* up
    chaidh iad ris an leathad ― they went up the hillside
* as (with cho)
    Tha Seòras cho righinn ri ròn. ― George is as tough as nails. (literally, “George is as tough as a seal.”)
* Used with a noun or verbal noun to express up to or involved in
    Bha a' chlann sin ri mì-mhodh. ― Those children were up to no good.
    Bha i an urra ris an losgadh anns a' Chròthais beagan bhliadhnachan an dèidh cogadh Iugoslabhach. ― She was responsible for the shooting in Croatia a few years after the Yugoslav War.

#### Usage notes

* In the Lewis dialect, ri is used instead of ag or a' before a verbal noun to form present participles:
    tha mi ri seinn ― I am singing (As opposed to tha mi a' seinn, which has the same meaning.)
* Followed by a prepositional pronoun takes a passive voice meaning:
    Tha na h-eòin tarraingeach rin amharc. ― The birds are attractive to watch. (literally, “The birds are attractive to their watching.”)

#### Derived terms

* cho math ri sin
* còmhla ri
* cuide ri
* ri taobh
* ris an t-sruth

## Sumerian
### Romanization

ri
* Romanization of 𒊑 (ri)

## Tocharian A
### Etymology

From Old Chinese 里 (*rɯʔ). Cognate with Tocharian B rīye.

### Noun

ri
* city

### References

* ↑ 2003, Alexander Lubotsky, Sergey Starostin, “Turkic and Chinese loan words in Tocharian”, in Bauer, Brigitte L.M., Pinault, Georges-Jean, editors, Language in Time and Space: A Festschrift for Werner Winter on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday, pages 257-269:

## Tunica
### Noun

ri
* house, home, dwelling
* building
* nest, room

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zi˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʐɪj˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ɹɪj˧˧]

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Adjective

ri • (𱓜)
* (now chiefly in compounds, of stature) small; miniature

#### See also

* gà ri
* rắn ri
* ròm ri

### Etymology 2

Part of the r-series of demonstratives, along with rày, rứa, ru, sao.

#### Adverb

ri • (夷, 𱓜)
* (Central Vietnam) like this
    Ao ni su ri.This pond is so deep.

##### See also

proximal (*-iː)
distal 1 (*-iːʔ)
distal 2 (*-əːʔ)
distal 3/ remote (*-ɔːʔ)
interrogative (rime was a rounded back vowel)
place, attributive$^1$ n-
ni nì này/nầy nây
nấy
nớ
nọ (nó)
nào
place, nominal$^2$ đ-
đây
đấy (ấy)
đó
đâu
manner r-
ri rày
rứa
ru sao$^3$
extent 1$^4$ b-
bây
bấy
bao
extent 2$^5$ v-
vầy
vậy
$^1$ Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hence nơi này (“this place; here”), nơi nào (“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). $^2$ Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, hence đây (“here”), đâu (“where”). $^3$ From earlier *C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). $^4$ Placed before the head: bây nhiêu (“this much”), bấy nhiêu (“that much”), bao nhiêu (“how much”). $^5$ Placed after the head: nhanh vầy (“this fast”), nhanh vậy (“that fast/so fast”).
visibility/evidentiality$^6$
distal (ngang)
remote (huyền)
Northern-Southern
kia (cơ)
kìa (cờ)
Central
tê
tề
$^6$ Originally, these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something is visible and/or verifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles, often in reduced forms cơ/cờ: [t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội, còn những ba cái cầu nữa cơ mà! ("From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!") (Ba ngày luân lạc, 1943). :

## Welsh
### Noun

ri
* Soft mutation of rhi.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾí/

#### Noun

rí
* The name of the Latin-script letter R/r.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Yoruboid *lí, cognate with Igala lí.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾí/

#### Verb

rí
* (transitive) to see, to find
    Bí ojú bá rí, ẹnu a dákẹ́. ― One should not say everything they see.
    Mo rí ajá rẹ níjẹrin. ― I saw your dog three days ago.
    Ǹjẹ́ ẹ ti rí ọkọ̀ yín? ― Have you found your car?
* (intransitive) to look like
    Báwo l'ó ṣé ń rí? ― What does it usually look like?

##### Synonyms

Yoruba Varieties and Languages - rí (“to see”) :
| view map; ||||||
| Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ào | Ìdóàní | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè) | í |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ìkòròdú | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ṣágámù | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | í |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Usẹn | Usẹn | Usẹn | rí |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Ifẹ̀ (Ufẹ̀) | Ifẹ̀ (Ufẹ̀) | Ilé Ifẹ̀ (Ulé Ufẹ̀) | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà) | Iléṣà (Uléṣà) | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ẹ̀gbá | Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ẹ̀gbádò | Ẹ̀gbádò | Ìjàká | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Èkó | Èkó | Èkó | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbàràpá | Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìgbómìnà | Ìgbómìnà | Ìlá Ọ̀ràngún | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìgbómìnà | Ìgbómìnà | Ìfẹ́lódùn LGA | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìgbómìnà | Ìgbómìnà | Ìrẹ́pọ̀dùn LGA | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìgbómìnà | Ìgbómìnà | Ìsin LGA | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Òtù | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìwéré Ilé | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Òkèhò | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìsẹ́yìn | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ṣakí | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Tedé | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìgbẹ́tì | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Ìyàgbà | Ìsánlú Ìtẹ̀dó | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Owé | Kabba | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ana | Ana | Sokode | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Baàtɛ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀) | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Onigbolo | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Atakpamɛ | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Boko | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Moretan | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Kura | Kura | Awotébi | lí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Kura | Kura | Partago | rí |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Kambole | í |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Manigri | í |
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. ||||||

##### Derived terms

* b'ó-ṣe-rí-láòṣègbè (“prima facie”)
* jẹ́-k'á-rí-ẹni-náà (“habeas corpus”)
* rí i pé (“to find that”)
* ríran (“see well, predict the future”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾí/

#### Adverb

rí
* already, yet, before
    N̄ kò ì tí ì rí i rí. ― I haven't seen it before.
    A ti jẹ ìrẹsì yẹn rí. ― We've already tried that rice.

##### Derived terms

* nígbà kan rí (“once upon a time”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* (low-tone): IPA: /ɾì/
* (mid-tone): IPA: /ɾī/

#### Verb

rì
* (intransitive) to sink, to drown
* (transitive) to sink

#### Verb

ri
* Alternative form of rì (“to sink”) used before object nouns

## Zazaki
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *rauda- (“appearance”) (with semantic shift "growth, development" > "appearance"), from Proto-Iranian *Hraud- (“to grow (bigger)”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow”).
Cognate with Persian رو (rû, “face”), Northern Kurdish rû (“face”), etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɾi]
* Hyphenation: ri

### Noun

ri
* face

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 402
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 193