# falla
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈfa.ʎə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈfa.ʎa]

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *facla, contracted form of Latin facula, diminutive of fax (“torch”). Compare the borrowed doublet fàcula.

#### Noun

falla f (plural falles)
* constructions of inflammable materials, based in figures that are caricatures (the ninots) that are installed in certain Valencian municipalities and are burned to ashes the day of Saint Joseph
* the holidays around these constructions
* the associations or organizations around these constructions
* fire, bonfire

##### Derived terms

* faller
* Falles

### Etymology 2

Deverbal of fallar.

#### Noun

falla f (plural falles)
* fault or lack
* (geology) fault

##### Related terms

* fallir
* fallar

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

falla
* inflection of fallar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “falla” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “falla” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.

### Verb

falla (third person singular past indicative fall, third person plural past indicative fullu, supine fallið)
* to fall

#### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese falla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a Vulgar Latin *fallia, possibly through the intermediate or influence of Old French faille or Old Occitan falha. The geological sense is a more modern one from French.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfaʎɐ]

### Noun

falla f (plural fallas)
* lack; shortage
    Synonym: marra
* flaw; fail
    Synonym: eiva
* (geology) a fault

#### Derived terms

* sen falla (“certainly, without fail”)

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “falla”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “falla”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “falla”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “falla”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “falla”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfatla/
* Rhymes: -atla

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.

#### Verb

falla (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative féll, third-person plural past indicative féllu, supine fallið)
* (intransitive) to fall
    Synonym: detta
* (intransitive) to be killed, especially in action or in battle
    Synonym: vera drepinn
** Matthew 26:52 (English and Icelandic)
    Jesús sagði við hann: „Slíðra sverð þitt! Allir, sem sverði bregða, munu fyrir sverði falla.““Put your sword back in its place,” Jesus said to him, “for all who draw the sword will die by the sword.”
* (intransitive) to flow
    Synonym: streyma
* (intransitive) to fit closely, to shut tight, to meet
    Synonym: falla þétt að
* (intransitive) to like
    Synonym: líka

##### Derived terms

* falla allur ketill í eld
* falla um
* falla um koll
* falla í gleymsku
* falla vel við (“to like someone”)
    Mér fellur vel við hann.I like him.
* falla þungt (“to be grieved by something”)
    Mér fellur þetta þungt.This grieves me.
* fallast
* fallast á
* fallast hendur
* fallinn
* vera vel til fallið (“to be a good idea”)
* falla á prófi (“to fail an exam”)
* falla að (“of the tide; to be coming in”)
* falla frá
* falla í gjalddaga
* falla í kosningum
* falla í stafi
* falla í skaut
* falla niður
* fall
* falla eins og flís við rass

##### Related terms

* fella

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

falla n
* indefinite genitive plural of fall

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈfˠɑl̪ˠə/

### Noun

falla m (genitive singular falla, nominative plural fallaí)
* Munster form of balla (“wall”)

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
falla
fallaí
vocative
a fhalla
a fhallaí
genitive
falla
fallaí
dative
falla
fallaí
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an falla
na fallaí
genitive
an fhalla
na bhfallaí
dative
leis an bhfalla don fhalla
leis na fallaí :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “falla”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 18

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfal.la/
* Rhymes: -alla
* Hyphenation: fàl‧la

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from fallare +‎ -a.

#### Noun

falla f (plural falle)
* a hole, especially a leak (from a wall or a ship's keel)
* (figurative, by extension) a reason or source of loss (of money, resources, etc.)
    tamponare le falle dell'erarioto provisionally remedy the (financial) hemorrhaging of the treasury
* (military) to retreat on a front of a battle, allowing enemy penetration into one's territory
* a defect in a fabric, due to an error in the weaving process
    Synonyms: fallatura, fallo

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English fall, with influence from the lemma above.

#### Noun

falla f (plural falle)
* (radio engineering) drop

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

falla
* inflection of fallare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* falla$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* falla$^2$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfal.la/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian fallire and/or Sicilian fallari / falliri.

#### Verb

falla (imperfect jfalli, past participle mfalli or fallut, verbal noun fallar)
* (intransitive) to go bankrupt
* (transitive) to bankrupt (to force into bankruptcy)
* (transitive, intransitive) to be absent, to fail to attend
* (intransitive) to fail
** (by extension, intransitive, of animals) to fail to conceive
** (by extension, intransitive, of guns) to misfire

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

falla f (plural falli)
* (Munxar) mistake, indiscretion
* (nautical) leak (crack, crevice, fissure, or hole which admits water or other fluid, or lets it escape)

### Related terms

* fallibbli
* falliment
* fallimentari
* falluta
* infallibbli
* infallibilità
* infallibilment

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* fallene

### Noun

falla n
* definite plural of fall

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

falla
* definite plural of fall

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

falla (present tense fell, past tense fall, past participle falle, passive infinitive fallast, present participle fallande, imperative fall)
* Alternative form of falle

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-. Akin to Old English feallan (whence English fall), Old Frisian falla (whence West Frisian falle), Old Saxon fallan (whence Low German fallen), Old Dutch fallan (whence Dutch vallen), Old High German fallan (whence German fallen).

### Verb

falla (singular past indicative fell, plural past indicative fellu, past participle fallinn)
* to fall

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: falla
* Faroese: falla
* Norwegian:
** Norwegian Bokmål: falle
** Norwegian Nynorsk: falla, falle
* Elfdalian: folla
* Old Swedish: falla
** Swedish: falla
* Old Danish: fallæ
** Danish: falde
** Scanian: falða
* Gutnish: falle

## Old Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.

### Verb

falla
* to fall

#### Descendants

* Swedish: falla

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

falla f (plural fallas)
* Obsolete spelling of fala.

#### Verb

falla
* Obsolete spelling of fala.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

falla
* inflection of fallar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Sotho
### Verb

falla
* to emigrate

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaʝa/ [ˈfa.ʝa]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /ˈfaʝa/ [ˈfa.ʝa]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /ˈfaʎa/ [ˈfa.ʎa]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈfaʃa/ [ˈfa.ʃa]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈfaʒa/ [ˈfa.ʒa]
* Rhymes: -aʝa
* Rhymes: -aʝa
* Rhymes: -aʎa
* Rhymes: -aʃa
* Rhymes: -aʒa
* Syllabification: fa‧lla

### Etymology 1

Likely from Catalan falla, with the geological sense from French faille.

#### Noun

falla f (plural fallas)
* flaw
* failure
* outage, such as a blackout
* (geology) fault

##### Related terms

* fallar

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

falla
* inflection of fallar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
* inflection of fallir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

### References

* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “fallir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 845

### Further reading

* “falla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish falla, from Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂p-h₃elh₁-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²falːa/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

falla (present faller, preterite föll, supine fallit, imperative fall)
* to fall
    falla genom luftenfall through the air
    falla till backenfall to the ground
    Glaset föll i golvetThe glass fell to the floor (i (“in”) as opposed to till (“to”) puts more focus on the impact and often implies an accidental fall – can be thought of as a generalization of "fall in the water" and the like)
* to fall (die, especially in battle)
    Synonym: stupa

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Derived terms

* anbefalla
* anfalla
* avfalla
* befalla
* bifalla
* bortfalla
* bönfalla
* falla mellan två stolar
* falla på
* falla på läppen
* falla på målsnöret
* falla på sin egen orimlighet
* falla till föga
* förefalla
* förfalla
* hemfalla
* infalla
* knäfalla
* sammanfalla
* sönderfalla
* tillfalla
* undfalla
* utfalla
* återfalla
* överfalla

#### Related terms

* fälla

#### See also

* trilla

### References

* falla in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* falla in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* falla in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)