# brew
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English brewen, from Old English brēowan, from Proto-West Germanic *breuwan, from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-. Doublet of burn.
Cognate with Dutch brouwen, German brauen, Swedish brygga, Norwegian Bokmål brygge; also Ancient Greek φρέαρ (phréar, “well”), Latin fervēre (“to be hot; to burn; to boil”), Old Irish bruth (“violent, boiling heat”), Sanskrit भुर्वन् (bhurván, “motion of water”). It may be related to English barley

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: bro͞o, IPA: /bɹuː/, /bɹuʊ̯/
** Audio (US):(file)
* (Wales, Ottawa Valley, Southern US) IPA: /bɹɪʊ̯/
* Rhymes: -uː

#### Verb

brew (third-person singular simple present brews, present participle brewing, simple past and past participle brewed)
* (transitive, intransitive) To make tea or coffee by mixing tea leaves or coffee beans with hot water.
** 1935, Christopher Isherwood, chapter 11, in Mr Norris Changes Trains, Penguin, published 1942, page 113:Elderly people sat indoors, in the damp. shabby houses, brewing malt coffee or weak tea and talking without animation […]
* (transitive) To heat wine, infusing it with spices; to mull.
** c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:Go, brew me a pottle of sack finely.
* (transitive, intransitive) To make a hot soup by combining ingredients and boiling them in water.
* (transitive, intransitive) To make beer by steeping a starch source in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.
* (transitive) To foment or prepare, as by brewing
    Synonyms: contrive, plot, hatch
** 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC, page 106:Hence with thy brew’d inchantments, foul deceiver […]
* (intransitive) To attend to the business, or go through the processes, of brewing or making beer.
** c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:I wash, wring, brew, bake, scour, dress meat and drink […]
* (intransitive, of an unwelcome event) To be in a state of preparation; to be mixing, forming, or gathering.
** c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:There is some ill a-brewing towards my rest,
** 2004 October 29, Marco R. Della Cava, “Vaccine shortage pricks tempers”, in Statesman Journal, volume 152, number 214, Salem, OR, page 2A:Of course, no one knows what kind of flu season is brewing, the perfect storm of a new strain hitting a largely unvaccinated population or a mercifully mild few months.
** 2011 January 11, Jonathan Stevenson, “West Ham 2 - 1 Birmingham”, in BBC‎:Grant may have considered that only a performance of the very highest quality could keep him in a job - and the way his players started the game gave the 55-year-old shelter from the storm that was brewing.
* (transitive, obsolete) To boil or seethe; to cook.
** 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 6:She had one day to get up very early in the morning to brew, when the other servants said to her: 'You had better mind you don't get up too early, and you mustn't put any fire under the copper before two o'clock.'

##### Derived terms

* abrew
* as you have brewed, so you must drink
* brewable
* brewage
* brewer
* brewery
* brewhouse
* brew up
* hell-brewed
* homebrewed
* microbrewed
* misbrew
* nanobrew
* nonbrewed
* overbrew
* rebrew
* unbrewed
* underbrew

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Noun

brew (plural brews)
* The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed; a brewage, such as tea or beer.
** 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 529:Six great bottles of one of the Hong Kong brews had been brought to wash down the brandy and the fragments of rice and mee and meat-fibres that clung to the back teeth.
** (slang) A serving of beer.
    Synonym: brewski
** (British, slang) A cup of tea.
*** 2007 March 6, Julie Rutterford, Life on Mars, Season 2, Episode 3:Landlady: You're not stoppin' for a brew? Gene Hunt: No thanks, love. Better crack on.

##### Derived terms

* brewfest
* brew-in
* brewmaster
* brewology
* brewpub
* brewsky
* brewster
* broth
* cold brew
* cold brew coffee
* craft brew
* hellbrew
* homebrew
* iron brew
* macrobrew
* megabrew
* microbrew
* on the brew
* witches' brew

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English brewe (“eyebrow”), from Old English bru (“eyebrow”). Doublet of brow.

#### Noun

brew (plural brews)
* (British, dialect) An overhanging hill or cliff.

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* BWER

## Cornish
### Alternative forms

* brow

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bruseti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”). Cognate with Welsh briw.

### Noun

brew m (plural brewyon)
* bruise

### Adjective

brew
* bruised
* broken
* (baking) short

#### Derived terms

* brewell (“crusher”)
* brewell avalow dor (“potato masher”)
* brewgik (“minced meat”)
* brewi (“to bruise, to crush, to mash, to crumble”)
* brewliv (“millstone”)
* brewyon (“crumbs”)
* krusten vrew (“shortcrust”)
* past brew (“shortcrust pastry”)
* tesen vrew (“shortbread”)

### Mutation
## Middle English
### Verb

brew
* Alternative form of brewen

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bry. First attested in the 15th century

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /brɛfʲ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /brɛfʲ/

### Noun

brew f
* (attested in Greater Poland) eyebrow; brow
** 1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XVI, page 329:Vyelky (pro wyelkych?) brvy ciliosus erat[Wielkich brwi ciliosus erat]
** 1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XVI, page 340:Czarnobrva była my myła, brvy, czolo[czarnobrwa byla my myla, brwi, czolo]
** 1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XVI, page 344:Brvy supercilia[brwi supercilia]
** 1915 [XV ex.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎, page 536:Ibi fuerunt multi homines nigri diuersimode ardentes, aly ad cingula po pasz,... aly ad oculos po oczy, aly po brwy[Ibi fuerunt multi homines nigri diuersimode ardentes, aly ad cingula po pas,... aly ad oculos po oczy, aly po brwi]
** 1915 [XV ex.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎, page 536:Po brwy pro supercilia[Po brwi pro supercilia]
** 1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490‎, Lubiń, page 5:Brew cilium, brew supercilium, brwy supercilia[Brew cilium, brew supercilium, brwy supercilia]
** c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 22r:Supercilia brwy[Supercilia brwi]
** c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 27r:Cilium augbran sunt crines circa oculos brew[Cilium augbran sunt crines circa oculos brew]
** c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 133v:Supercilium eyn oberst augbrae an dem aug brew[Supercilium eyn oberst augbrae an dem aug brew]
** Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 149:O brwiach Jezusowych. Brwi miał wielmi czarne a nadobne (de superciliis. Nigra supercilia)[O brwiach Jezusowych. Brwi miał wielmi czarne a nadobne (de superciliis. Nigra supercilia)]

#### Descendants

* Polish: brew
* Silesian: brew, brwia

### References

* Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “brew”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* Mańczak, Witold (2017) “brew”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “brew”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “brew”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* K. Nitsch, editor (1954), “brew”, in Słownik staropolski‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 160
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “brew”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
* Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “brew”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish brew.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrɛf/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈbrɛfʲ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛf
* Syllabification: brew

### Noun

brew f
* eyebrow; brow (hair, fur, or feathers that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket)
** (cosmetics) eyebrow; brow (imitation of such hair)
** (Middle Polish) Synonym of wierzch / szczyt
* (Middle Polish) Synonym of powieka
** (Middle Polish) Synonym of rzęsa

#### Derived terms

* bezbrewy
* regulacja brwi
* wyregulować brwi pf, regulować brwi impf

### Further reading

* brew in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* brew in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “brew”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Wiesław Morawski (17.08.2021) “BREW”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “brew”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “brew”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “brew”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 204

## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* brwia

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish brew.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrɛf/
* Rhymes: -ɛf
* Syllabification: brew

### Noun

brew f
* eyebrow; brow (hair that grows over the bone ridge above the eye socket)

### Further reading

* brew in silling.org
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “brew”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 66
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “brew”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 77
* Michał Przywara (c. 1900) “brew”, in Narzecza śląskie napisał ks. Michał Przywara. C. Słownik‎