OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# luka bakar
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of luka +‎ bakar, calque of Dutch brandwond (“burn”, literally “fire wound”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌlu.ka ˈba.kar/, [ˌlu.ka ˈba.kar]

### Noun

luka bakar (plural luka-luka bakar)
* (medicine, surgery) burn: a physical injury caused by heat, cold, electricity, radiation or caustic chemicals.

#### Synonyms

* لچور (lecur) (Standard Malay)

#### Derived terms

* luka bakar derajat dua
* luka bakar derajat satu
* luka bakar derajat tiga

### Further reading

* “luka bakar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
* Sugito Wonodirekso, Abdul Latief, Menuk Hardaniwati, editors (2005), Glosarium Kedokteran [Medicine Glossary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, →ISBN
# Morze Śródziemne
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “Mediterranean Sea”. Calque of Latin Mare Mediterrāneum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɔ.ʐɛ ɕruˈd͡ʑɛm.nɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: Mo‧rze Śró‧dziem‧ne

### Proper noun

Morze Śródziemne n
* Mediterranean Sea (a sea in Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Palestine, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Morze Śródziemne in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Morze Śródziemne in PWN's encyclopedia
# unwærne
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunˌwær.ne/, [ˈunˌwærˠ.ne]

### Noun

unwærne
* strong accusative masculine singular of unwær
# unwynsum
## Old English
### Etymology

From un- +‎ wynsum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunˌwyn.sum/

### Adjective

unwynsum
* unpleasant

#### Derived terms

* unwynsumnes

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “unwynsum”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
# 18-wheeler
## English
### Alternative forms

* eighteen-wheeler

### Etymology

From the total number of wheels: two front steering wheels on the tractor, plus dual wheels on each end of two axles (total of 8) at the rear of the tractor and supporting the front of the trailer, plus dual wheels on two axles at the rear of the trailer.

### Noun

18-wheeler (plural 18-wheelers)
* A big rig truck: a semi-trailer plus the truck or tractor pulling it.
    Synonyms: semi-trailer truck, semi truck, semi, articulated lorry, artic, big rig, juggernaut, tractor-trailer, truck and trailer
# unwynsumre
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunˌwyn.sum.re/, [ˈunˌwyn.zum.re]

### Adjective

unwynsumre
* strong genitive/dative/instrumental feminine singular of unwynsum
# -ьович
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* -ович (-ovyč) — used after a hard consonant
* -є́вич (-jévyč) — used after a vowel
* -ич (-yč) — colloquial, after a consonant

### Etymology

From -ьов (-ʹov) +‎ -ич (-yč)

### Suffix

-́ьович • (-́ʹovyč) m (variant -́евич, feminine equivalent -івна)
* A masculine patronymic suffix added to a given name ending in a soft (palatalized) consonant: son of
    ‎І́гор (Íhor, “Ivor”) + ‎-ьович (-ʹovyč) → ‎І́горевич / І́горьович (Íhorevyč, “son of Igor”)
# fasting
## English
### Etymology

By surface analysis, fast +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈfæstɪŋ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɑːstɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -æstɪŋ, -ɑːstɪŋ

### Verb

fasting
* present participle and gerund of fast

### Noun

fasting (countable and uncountable, plural fastings)
* Abstinence or mortification for religious reasons, especially abstinence from food.
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 269–270:Long vigils—fastings that wore away the strength of day—prayers that banished sleep from night—hoarded vengeance, that, like a fire, consumed its abode—affections crushed to the very earth—a memory whose love was with the grave,—a faith that had coloured itself with mortal passion,—all these had pressed too heavily on the springs of life and thought;...
** 1904, H. G. Wells, The Food of the Gods and How It Came to Earth:Immediately after that affair Lady Wondershoot, casting about for exemplary additions to the abuse and fastings she had inflicted, issued a Ukase. She issued it first to her butler, and very suddenly, so that she made him jump.
* Abstinence from food, limiting caloric intake, for medical or health reasons, dieting.
** 1967 November 17, United States Navy Medical News Letter, volume 50, number 10, page 13:an obese patient while he was undergoing fasting for weight reduction

#### Derived terms

* fasting blood sugar
* fasting glucose
* fasting spittle
* nonfasting
* prefasting
* skin fasting
* unfasting

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# file system
## English
### Alternative forms

* filesystem

### Etymology

From file +‎ system.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

file system (plural file systems)
* A physical system for organizing documents, as in a library or office.
* (computing) A method of organizing blocks of data on a storage device into files and directories.
* (computing) A set of blocks that are organized in this way.

#### Derived terms

* fsck

#### See also

* partition and partitionless
# Muratori
## Italian
### Etymology

Plural of Muratore.

### Proper noun

Muratori m or f by sense
* a surname

### Further reading

* Stefano Ravara, Mappa dei Cognomi, 2015–2025

### Anagrams

* moritura, mortuari
# hlemýžď
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦlɛmiːʃc]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hlemýžď m anim
* snail (gastropod)
    Synonym: šnek
* (anatomy) cochlea

#### Derived terms

* hlemýždí

### Further reading

* “hlemýžď”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hlemýžď”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “hlemýžď”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# hovězí
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech hovězí, from Proto-Slavic *govęďь, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷew-n̥d- < *gʷṓws. By surface analysis, hovado +‎ -í.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦovjɛziː]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hovězí n
* beef

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “hovězí”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hovězí”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “hovězí”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# inženýr
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* Ing. (abbreviation)
* inž. (abbreviation, obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from French ingénieur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɪnʒɛniːr]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: in‧že‧nýr

### Noun

inženýr m anim (female equivalent inženýrka, relational adjective inženýrský)
* engineer

#### Derived terms

* inženýrství n
* šéfinženýr m anim

### Further reading

* “inženýr”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “inženýr”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “inženýr”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# retrace
## English
### Etymology

From French retracer, from Middle French retracier.

### Pronunciation

* (verb) IPA: /ɹiːˈtɹeɪs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (noun) IPA: /ˈɹiːtɹeɪs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪs

### Verb

retrace (third-person singular simple present retraces, present participle retracing, simple past and past participle retraced)
* (transitive) To trace (a line, etc. in drawing) again.
* (transitive) To go back over something, usually in an attempt at rediscovery.
    He retraced his steps, and found his keys where he had dropped them.
** 2022 November 2, Paul Bigland, “New trains, old trains, and splendid scenery”, in RAIL, number 969, page 56:Instead of retracing my route, I have elected to walk across Blackpool to the town's remaining large station, although even this has been greatly reduced in size.
* (intransitive, finance) To undergo retracement.

#### Derived terms

* retrace one's steps

#### Translations
### Noun

retrace (plural retraces)
* (television) The period when the beam of the cathode-ray tube returns to its initial horizontal position in order to start the next line of the display.
* (finance) An instance of retracement.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Terrace, caterer, reacter, recrate, terrace

## French
### Verb

retrace
* inflection of retracer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative
# anisomorphism
## English
### Etymology

From an- +‎ isomorphism.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

anisomorphism (countable and uncountable, plural anisomorphisms)
* (linguistics, lexicography) The absence of an exact correspondence between words etc. in two different languages; the differences between two given languages that create mismatches in a translation dictionary.
    Antonyms: bijection, isomorphism
** 2011, David Bellos, Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, Penguin, published 2012, page 82:These well-known examples of the ‘imperfect matching’ or anisomorphism of languages do not really support the conclusion that translation is impossible.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Nordisk leksikografisk ordbok (1997) →ISBN
# Macintoshian
## English
### Etymology

From Macintosh +‎ -ian.

### Adjective

Macintoshian (comparative more Macintoshian, superlative most Macintoshian)
* Resembling or characteristic of a Macintosh computer.
** 1985 September 15, Erik Snadberg-Diment, “Number Crunching on the Macintosh”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:The program's most quintessentially Macintoshian feature, one as yet unique among spreadsheets, is its icon bar, which resides at the top of the screen just below the standard menu bar.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Macintoshian.
# twa-gorrak-ngooleen
## Woiwurrung
### Verb

twa-gorrak-ngooleen
* retract

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# 四十六
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sìshíliù
    (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sei$^3$ sap$^6$ luk$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): si-sṳ̍p-liuk
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): si-cha̍p-la̍k
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sìshíliù
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˋ ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìhshíhliòu
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^4$-shih$^2$-liu$^4$
*** Yale: sz̀-shŕ-lyòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syhshyrliow
*** Palladius: сышилю (syšilju)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sei$^3$ sap$^6$ luk$^6$
*** Yale: sei sahp luhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sei$^3$ sap$^9$ luk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: séi$^3$ seb$^6$ lug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sei̯³³ sɐp̚² lʊk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si-sṳ̍p-liuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: xi siib liug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xi$^4$ sib$^6$ liug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /si⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵ li̯uk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-cha̍p-la̍k
*** Tâi-lô: si-tsa̍p-la̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sizablak
*** IPA (Xiamen): /si⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² lak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /si³³ t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² lak̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lak̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /si⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² lak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /si⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² lak̚⁴/

### Numeral

四十六
* forty-six; 46

#### Synonyms

* 卌六 (xìliù)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 四 | 十 | 六 |
| よん Grade: 1 | じゅう Grade: 1 | ろく Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi | on'yomi | on'yomi |
Kanji in this term :
| 四 | 十 | 六 |
| し Grade: 1 | じゅう Grade: 1 | ろく Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よんじゅう・ろく [yóꜜǹjùùròkúꜜ] (Atamadaka + Odaka – [1]-[2])
* (Tokyo) しじゅう・ろく [shìjúꜜùròkúꜜ] (Nakadaka + Odaka – [2]-[2])
* IPA: [jõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨːɾo̞kɯ̟]
* IPA: [ɕiʑɨːɾo̞kɯ̟]

### Numeral

四(よん)十(じゅう)六(ろく) or 四(し)十(じゅう)六(ろく) • (yonjūroku or shijūroku)
* forty-six; 46
# Middelseaxan
## Old English
### Alternative forms

* Middleseaxe

### Etymology

middel +‎ Seaxan

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmid.delˌsæ͜ɑk.sɑn/

### Proper noun

Middelseaxan m pl
* the Middle Saxons
* Middlesex

#### Declension

Weak:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: Middelsex
** English: Middlesex
# anisosyllabic
## English
### Etymology

From aniso- +‎ syllabic or an- +‎ iso- +‎ syllabic.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adjective

anisosyllabic (not comparable)
* (linguistics, poetry) of or pertaining to metrical systems in which syllables are of differing lengths

#### Antonyms

* isosyllabic

#### Derived terms

* anisosyllabism
# aparatkę
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /a.paˈrat.kɛ/, (careful speech) /a.paˈrat.kɛw̃/
* Rhymes: -atkɛw̃
* Syllabification: a‧pa‧rat‧kę

### Noun

aparatkę
* accusative singular of aparatka
# gaugeable
## English
### Etymology

From gauge +‎ -able.

### Adjective

gaugeable (comparative more gaugeable, superlative most gaugeable)
* Capable of being gauged.

#### Derived terms

* ungaugeable

### References

* “gaugeable”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Old French
### Adjective

gaugeable m (oblique and nominative feminine singular gaugeable)
* capable of being measured using a gauging-rod
# totwæmþ
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoːˌtwæːmθ/

### Verb

tōtwǣmþ
* third-person singular present indicative of tōtwǣman
# unsymmetricalness
## English
### Etymology

From unsymmetrical +‎ -ness.

### Noun

unsymmetricalness (uncountable)
* Synonym of asymmetry
# bibel
## Danish
### Etymology

From Latin biblia (“Christian scripture”), from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía, “books”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈb̥iˀb̥əl]

### Noun

bibel c (singular definite biblen or bibelen, plural indefinite bibler)
* Bible (Christian or Jewish holy book; also used figuratively)

#### Derived terms

* bibelbælte
* bibelcamping
* bibelcitat
* bibelforskning
* bibelfortolker
* bibelfortolkning
* bibelgransker
* bibelhistorie
* bibelkonkordans
* bibelkreds
* bibelkundskab
* bibelkyndig
* bibellæser
* bibellæsning
* bibelord
* bibeloversættelse
* bibelselskab
* bibelsk
* bibelskole
* bibelsted
* bibelstærk
* bibeltime
* bibeltro
* billedbibel
* børnebibel
* læse noget som Fanden læser Bibelen

#### See also

* bibel on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$

## Middle English
### Proper noun

bibel
* Alternative form of bible

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía, “books”), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”).

### Noun

bibel m (definite singular bibelen, indefinite plural bibler, definite plural biblene)
* a bible (bound printed copy of the Bible; also used figuratively)

#### Derived terms

* bibelfortelling
* bibeloversettelse
* bibelselskap
* bibelsk

### See also

* Bibelen

### References

* “bibel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía, “books”), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “small book”).

### Noun

bibel m (definite singular bibelen, indefinite plural biblar, definite plural biblane)
* a bible (as above)

#### Derived terms

* bibelselskap
* bibelsk

### See also

* Bibelen

### References

* “bibel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Noun

bibel c
* a Bible, a bible (religious text, or figuratively)

#### Derived terms

* bibelkunnig
* bibelsprängd
* bibelvers
* konfirmationsbibel

#### Related terms

* Bibeln (“the Bible”)
* biblisk

#### See also

* Gamla testamentet (“the Old Testament”)
* Jesu
* Jesus
* Nya testamentet (“the New Testament”)
* bibliografi
* bibliotek
* kristen (“Christian”)
* kristendom (“Christianity”)
* kyrka (“church”)

### References

* bibel in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* bibel in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* bibel in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# 綺羅星
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 綺 | 羅 | 星 |
| き Jinmeiyō | ら Grade: S | ほし > ぼし Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | on'yomi | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 煌星

### Etymology

A word derived from a corruption of the phrase 綺羅(きら)、星(ほし)の如(ごと)し (kira, hoshi no gotoshi, “gorgeous attire like stars”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きらぼし [kìráꜜbòshì] (Nakadaka –)
* (Tokyo) きらぼし [kìrábóshí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲiɾa̠bo̞ɕi]

### Noun

綺(き)羅(ら)星(ぼし) • (kiraboshi)
* glittering stars
* (figurative) capable people
    綺(き)羅(ら)星(ぼし)の如(ごと)く並(なら)ぶ。
       Kiraboshi no gotoku narabu.
       A constellation of luminaries gathered together.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 “綺羅星”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 綺 | 羅 | 星 |

### Noun

綺羅星 • (giraseong) (hangeul 기라성)
* hanja form of 기라성
# gault
## English
### Etymology

Of local origin, used by quarrymen and brickmakers to refer to the type of soil. First attested in writing as "golt" in 1815 (William Smith) and "gault" in 1816 (J Hailstone).

### Noun

gault (countable and uncountable, plural gaults)
* A type of stiff, blue clay, sometimes used for making bricks.
** 1901, Charles Kingsley, Two Years Ago, Volume I‎:As he spoke, they turned off the main line of the rolling clays toward the foot of the chalk hills, and began to brush through short cuttings of blue gault and "green sand," so called by geologists, because its usual colours are bright brown, snow-white, and crimson.

#### Derived terms

* gaulter

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Wilkinson, I.P. (2006) The holostratigraphy of the Albian Stage (Lower Cretaceous) of the United Kingdom and its continental shelf‎, British Geological Society

### Anagrams

* gluta-
# zhvoshka
## Albanian
### Verb

zhvoshka
* first-person singular aorist indicative of zhvoshk
# gauzy
## English
### Etymology

From gauze +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

    Rhymes: -ɔːzi

### Adjective

gauzy (comparative gauzier, superlative gauziest)
* Resembling gauze; light, thin, translucent.
    Synonym: gauzelike
** 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:But first I took up Ayesha's kirtle and the gauzy scarf with which she had been wont to hide her dazzling loveliness from the eyes of men, and, averting my head so that I might not look upon it, covered up that dreadful relic of the glorious dead, that shocking epitome of human beauty and human life.
** 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 194:The water shone pacifically; the sky, without a speck, was a benign immensity of unstained light; the very mist on the Essex marshes was like a gauzy and radiant fabric, hung from the wooded rises inland, and draping the low shores in diaphanous folds.
** 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 185:Were she but the daring equestrienne jumping through the flaming hoops, little it would matter to her if her gauzy skirts did catch.
* (figurative) light; giving the effect of haze
* (figurative) vague or elusive
** 2020, Barack Obama, A Promised Land, Crown:Or perhaps something darker—a raw hunger, a blind ambition wrapped in the gauzy language of service?
* (figurative) tinged with tenderness and warmth; dewy-eyed, romantic
** 2003: Although the books are scored in different keys—Clinton’s generally attempts to be gauzy and warm, Blumenthal’s is edgy and cold—their underlying refrain is the same. — The New Yorker, 14 July 2003

#### Derived terms

* gauzily
* gauziness
# plafond
## English
### Etymology

From French plafond (“ceiling”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pləˈfɒn(d)/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

plafond (plural plafonds)
* A ceiling, especially one that is ornately decorated.
* A painting or decoration on a ceiling.
* (anatomy) The tibial plafond.

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* plafon (superseded)

### Etymology

Borrowed from French plafond.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plaːˈfɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pla‧fond
* Rhymes: -ɔn

### Noun

plafond n (plural plafonds, diminutive plafondje n or plafonnetje n)
* ceiling [from 17th c.]
* maximum, upper limit [from 20th c.]

#### Synonyms

* zoldering

#### Derived terms

* bamboeplafond
* plafondplaat
* plafondtegel
* prijsplafond
* rietplafond

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: plafon
* → Indonesian: plafon
* → Papiamentu: plafòn, blafòn
* → Sranan Tongo: plafon

## French
### Etymology

From plat +‎ fond.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pla.fɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

plafond m (plural plafonds)
* ceiling

#### Derived terms

* avoir une araignée au plafond
* bas de plafond
* crever le plafond
* grimper au plafond
* plafond de verre
* plafonnage
* plafonner
* plafonnier

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: plafó
* → Danish: plafond
* → Dutch: plafond, plafon (superseded)
** Afrikaans: plafon
** → Indonesian: plafon
** → Papiamentu: plafòn, blafòn
** → Sranan Tongo: plafon
* → English: plafond
* → Galician: plafón
* → German: Plafond
* → Polish: plafon
* → Portuguese: plafom, plafond
* → Spanish: plafón

### Further reading

* “plafond”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French plafond.

### Noun

plafond m (invariable)
* ceiling
* (economics) upper limit (typically of a credit or debit card)

#### Related terms

* plafonatura

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French plafond.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /plaˈfõ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /plaˈfõ/

### Noun

plafond m (plural plafonds)
* Alternative form of plafom

### References

* ↑ “plafond”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “plafond”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Romanian
### Noun

plafond n (plural plafonduri)
* Obsolete form of plafon.

#### Declension
### References

* plafond in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN