# 灰

| 灰 | U+7070, &#28784; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7070 |
| ← 灯 [U+706F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 灱 → [U+7071] |
| 灰 | U+2F835, &#194613; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F835 |
| ← 𠨬 [U+2F834] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 及 → [U+2F836] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 灰 |
| Simplified | 灰 |
| Japanese | 灰 |
| Korean | 灰 |

### Han character

灰 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大火 (KF), four-corner 4080$_9$ or 7128$_9$, composition ⿸𠂇火(GHTK) or ⿸厂火(JV or U+2F835))

#### Derived characters

* 𠗇, 咴, 𪿙, 㞀, 恢, 拻, 洃, 烣, 脄, 𤉕, 㷇, 𤊣, 詼(诙), 𦤠, 𤉓, 盔, 炭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 665, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18859
* Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2188, character 4
* Unihan data for U+7070
* Unihan data for U+2F835

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 灰 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 脄 | *mɯːs, *mɯː |
| 盔 | *km̥ʰɯː |
| 詼 | *km̥ʰlɯː |
| 恢 | *km̥ʰɯː |
| 灰 | *hmɯː |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 又 (“hand”) + 火 (“fire”) – fire that can be touched with the hand (ash). 又 has been modified to 𠂇; compare 友 (“friend”), 右 (“right”).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷut ~ hwut (“ashes, dust”) (STEDT; Schuessler (2007) reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *wu). Compare Mizo vutᴸ, Apatani mù-bu, Manipuri ut, Northern Tujia bu³ ci².

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): huī (hui$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hui$^1$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): huǐ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): huì
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуэй (huey, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fui$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): fi$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): foi$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fi$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fôi
    (Hailu, HRS): foi$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): foi$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): hui$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): hó
* Eastern Min (BUC): huŏi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hue$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hoe / he / her
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huê$^1$ / hui$^1$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): hue$^1$ / hui$^1$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): hui$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$hue
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^1$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): fei$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huei
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^1$
*** Yale: hwēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
*** Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: hui$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xui
*** Sinological IPA : /xuei⁵⁵/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: huǐ
*** Sinological IPA : /xuei²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: huì
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): hui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /xuəi³¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуэй (huey, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /xuɛi²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fui$^1$
*** Yale: fūi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fui$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuːi̯⁵⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fi²¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: foi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fᵘɔi³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨi⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fôi
*** Hakka Romanization System: foi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: foi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /foi̯²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: foi$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /foi⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: foi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /foɪ⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: hui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuei¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó
*** Sinological IPA : /xo⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huŏi
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hue$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hoi
*** Sinological IPA : /huei⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoe
*** Tâi-lô: hue
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoef
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /hue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hue³³/
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /huɛ⁵⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Jinjiang, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: he
*** Tâi-lô: he
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hef
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /he⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Jinjiang): /he³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: her
*** Tâi-lô: her
*** IPA (Kinmen): /hə⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /hə³³/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou:
** he/her - vernacular;
** hoe - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit灰 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xuei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xue²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xuei²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xuei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xuɨ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xuei³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xuəi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xue²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xuei¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuæ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xuei³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /hue⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /hue̞⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /hui³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /fai³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xuɛ³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /xuə¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fei³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸəi³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɨi⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /foi⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /foi²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fui⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fui⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /fui⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hue⁵⁵/ /he⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huoi⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xo⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hue³³/ /hui³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hui²³/ /hu²³/ /hue²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: xwoj
Rime :
| Character | 灰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼恢切 |
| Baxter | xwoj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /huʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /huoi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xuɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hwəj/ |
| Li Rong | /xuᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /xuɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xuɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fui$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥ˤə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmɯː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 灰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xwoj › |
| Old Chinese | /*m̥ˁə/ |
| English | ashes |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5414 |
| Phonetic component | 灰 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 灰 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmɯː/ |

#### Definitions

灰
* ash
    香灰 ― xiānghuī ― incense ash
    煙灰／烟灰 ― yānhuī ― cigarette ash
* dust
       Diànnǎo píngmù shàng yǒu yī céng huī. [Pinyin]
       There's a layer of dust on the computer screen.
       Tā chuī gānjìng zhè běn shū shàng de huī. [Pinyin]
       He blew the dust off the book.
* lime; mortar
    灰泥 ― huīní ― plaster; mortar
    石灰 ― shíhuī ― lime
    灰岩 ― huīyán ― limestone
* gray
    灰色 ― huīsè ― gray (color)
* disheartened
    心灰意冷 ― xīnhuīyìlěng ― to be disheartened
       keoi$^5$ seng$^4$ go$^3$ jan$^4$ fui$^1$ zo$^2$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (～日) (telegraphy) the tenth day of a month
* (Cantonese, slang) powdered drug; heroin
* a surname

##### Synonyms

* (dust):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 塵, 埃, 塵埃, 坌, 塕, 坱 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 灰塵, 灰土, 塵土, 塵埃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 塵土, 土, 灰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 灰塵, 塵埃, 塵土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 𡋯土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 灰, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 灰土, 灰, 塵土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 灰塵, 灰土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 灰塵, 灰, 灰土, 塵搭灰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 灰, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 灰塵, 塵土, 𡋯土 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 灰塵, 塵土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 塵土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 塵 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 堂土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 塵土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 灰, 𡋯土 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 𡋯土, 土, 灰 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 灰, 塵 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 灰, 𡋯土 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 灰 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 灰, 𡋯土, 土 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 灰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 灰塵, 塵土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 灰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 𡋯土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 塵土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 灰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 灰, 塵土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 塵土, 土, 灰, 灰塵, 灰纖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 灰, 𡋯土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 塵土, 灰塵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 灰, 𡋯土, 土 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 灰塵, 塵灰, 灰 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 灰, 灰土, 塵土, 土 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 灰塵, 塵土 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 灰塵 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 灰, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 灰塵, 灰, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 灰塵, 灰, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 灰塵, 灰, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 灰, 揚塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 灰, 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 灰塵, 灰, 土 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 灰灰, 灰, 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 灰塵, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 塵灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 塵灰, 灰, 土, 灰灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 灰塵, 灰, 塳塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 灰塵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 灰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 灰塵, 灰, 堂灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 堂灰, 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 堂灰, 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 沙灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 堂灰, 屯灰, 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 灰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 塵, 灰塵, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵, 塳塵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 塵, 灰塵, 灰, 塵埃, 沙塵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 灰塵, 泥塵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 泥塵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 泥塵 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 塵 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 灰塵, 沙塵 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 塵灰, 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 塵灰 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 塵灰 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 泥塵 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 塳塵 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 灰塵, 塵埃 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 灰塵, 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 煙塵, 塵土, 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 灰塵, 蚊塵 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 蚊塵 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 蚊塵 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 塳塵 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 泥塵 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 蚊塵 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 煙塵 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 塵灰, 灰塵 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 灰塵 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 灰 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 灰 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 灰, 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 塵灰, 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 塵灰, 煙塵, 泥塵, 沙塵 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 灰塵, 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 塵, 塵灰, 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 塳 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 揚塵 |
| Hakka | Changting | 塵灰, 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Zhongbao) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Laiyuan) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 塵灰, 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 灰 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 塵灰, 塕塵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 泥粉 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 煙塵 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 塳塵 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 塳塵 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 煙塵 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 泥塵, 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 煙塵 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 塵煙 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 塳塵 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 泥煙 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 塵煙 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 塵灰, 泥塵 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 灰塵 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 塵灰 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 塵灰, 泥粉 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 灰 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 塵土, 土 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 灰, 塵土 |
| Jin | Datong | 灰塵, 塵土 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 塵土, 灰塵 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 灰塵, 塵土 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 塵灰, 灰 |
| Jin | Linhe | 灰塵, 灰, 土 |
| Jin | Jining | 灰塵 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 灰塵, 灰, 塵土, 土 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 灰塵 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 塵土, 土 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 灰土, 灰 |
| Jin | Handan | 灰塵 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Jin | Suide | 灰塵, 灰, 土 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 灰塵, 塵灰 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 塵 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 塵, 煙腸苦 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 灰塵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 塕塵, 塗粉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 塕塵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 塕塵 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 塗粉 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 塕塵 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 煙霧 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 塕塵 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 塗粉 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 塕塵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 塕埃 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 塗粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 塗沙粉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 塗沙粉仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 塗沙粉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 塗沙粉仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 塗粉仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 沙粉 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 塗沙 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 塗粉, 塗沙粉, 塕埃, 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 風飛沙 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 塗沙粉 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 塗沙粉 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 塗粉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 塕埃 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 灰, 塗粉, 塕埃 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 塗粉, 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 灰 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 塗粉, 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 塵, 塕塵, 灰塵 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 塗粉, 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 塕塵 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 塕塵, 塗沙粉 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 塗灰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 塗灰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 塗粉, 塕塵 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 煙塵 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 塕塵 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 塕塵 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 塕塵 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 煙塵 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 塕塵, 煙塵, 灰塵 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 坌塵, 煙塵, 灰塵 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang (Xinqiao) | 蚊塵 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 灰塵 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 灰塵 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 灰塵 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 灰塵 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 煙霧 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 泥粉 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 煙塵 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 擸𢶍 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 擸𢶍粉 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 灰塵 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 泥粉 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 火煤塵 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 火灰粉 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 灰粉 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 煙塵 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 塕塵 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 灰 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 灰塵, 塳塵 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 灰塵, 塳塵 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 灰塵, 塳塵 |
| Wu | Danyang | 灰塵, 灰 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 灰塵, 塳塵 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 塳塵, 塳灰, 灰塵 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 坌塵, 坌塕, 塳塵 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 塕, 塳塵 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 灰 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 灰, 灰塵 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 灰 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 灰 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 灰塵 |
* (disheartened):
* 低沉 (dīchén)
* 低落 (dīluò)
* 冷館 / 冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 喪氣 / 丧气
* 壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
* 失望 (shīwàng)
* 失落 (shīluò)
* 寡歡 / 寡欢 (guǎhuān)
* 幽鬱 / 幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
* 悒鬱 / 悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
* 悒鬱寡歡 / 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
* 愁悶 / 愁闷 (chóumèn)
* 憂悶 / 忧闷 (yōumèn)
* 慘沮 / 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
* 憂鬱 / 忧郁 (yōuyù)
* 憋悶 / 憋闷
* 懊喪 / 懊丧 (àosàng)
* 抑鬱 / 抑郁 (yìyù)
* 沉悶 / 沉闷 (chénmèn)
* 沉抑 (chényì)
* 沉鬱 / 沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
* 沮喪 / 沮丧 (jǔsàng)
* 消極 / 消极 (xiāojí)
* 消沉 (xiāochén)
* 灰心 (huīxīn)
* 灰心喪氣 / 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
* 煩悶 / 烦闷 (fánmèn)
* 神傷 / 神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
* 索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
* 苦悶 / 苦闷 (kǔmèn)
* 萎靡
* 陰暗 / 阴暗 (yīn'àn)
* 陰沉 / 阴沉 (yīnchén)
* 頹唐 / 颓唐 (tuítáng)
* 頹喪 / 颓丧 (tuísàng)
* 頹廢 / 颓废 (tuífèi)
* 鬱悶 / 郁闷 (yùmèn)
* 鬱鬱 / 郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
* 鬱鬱不樂 / 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
* 鬱鬱寡歡 / 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
* 齪嘈 / 龊嘈 (Hokkien)
* (heroin):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 海洛因, 海洛英 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 白麵兒, 老海 dated |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 海洛因, 白粉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 白粉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 白麵兒, 老海 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 白麵兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 白麵兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 白粉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 白粉, 粉藥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 白粉, 粉藥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 白粉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 白麵子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 白粉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 海洛英, 白粉, 粉, 灰, 四仔 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 白粉 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 白粉 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 白粉 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 海洛英 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 白粉 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 白粉 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 白粉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 海洛因 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 白粉 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 料子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 料子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 海洛因 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 白粉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 白粉 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 白粉 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 白粉 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 白粉 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 下洛因 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 白粉 |
| Wu | Danyang | 白粉, 白麵 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 白粉 |

#### Compounds

* 一鼻子灰
* 不灰木
* 冷灰爆豆
* 凝灰岩 (nínghuīyán)
* 劫灰
* 叉灰泥
* 吹灰
* 吹灰之力 (chuīhuīzhīlì)
* 土灰
* 坑灰未冷
* 塔灰
* 寂若死灰
* 寒灰
* 小灰人 (xiǎohuīrén)
* 心如寒灰
* 心如死灰
* 心灰 (xīnhuī)
* 心灰意冷 (xīnhuīyìlěng)
* 心灰意懶 / 心灰意懒 (xīnhuīyìlǎn)
* 心灰意敗 / 心灰意败
* 心若死灰
* 意懶心灰 / 意懒心灰
* 扒灰 (páhuī)
* 打灰堆
* 抖灰
* 抹土搽灰
* 挫骨揚灰 / 挫骨扬灰
* 搽灰抹土
* 搽灰抹粉
* 撣灰 / 掸灰
* 昆池劫灰
* 木形灰心
* 朽木死灰
* 枯形灰心
* 枯木死灰
* 槁木死灰
* 死灰 (sǐhuī)
* 死灰復然 / 死灰复然
* 死灰復燎 / 死灰复燎
* 死灰復燃 / 死灰复燃 (sǐhuīfùrán)
* 死灰槁木
* 泥灰
* 油灰 (yóuhuī)
* 洋灰 (yánghuī)
* 消石灰 (xiāoshíhuī)
* 清灰冷灶
* 灰不喇唧
* 灰不溜丟 / 灰不溜丢
* 灰不蹓丟 / 灰不蹓丢
* 灰不蹓秋
* 灰塵 / 灰尘 (huīchén)
* 灰士
* 灰姑娘 (Huīgūniang)
* 灰屎
* 灰度等級 / 灰度等级
* 灰心 (huīxīn)
* 灰心喪意 / 灰心丧意
* 灰心喪氣 / 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
* 灰心槁形
* 灰戶 / 灰户
* 灰指甲
* 灰撲撲 / 灰扑扑
* 灰暗 (huī'àn)
* 灰木
* 灰棚
* 灰櫬兒 / 灰榇儿
* 灰沒 / 灰没
* 灰滅 / 灰灭
* 灰溜溜 (huīliūliū)
* 灰濛濛 / 灰蒙蒙 (huīméngméng)
* 灰炭
* 灰熊 (huīxióng)
* 灰燼 / 灰烬 (huījìn)
* 灰白 (huībái)
* 灰石
* 灰罐
* 灰脾氣 / 灰脾气
* 灰膛
* 灰色 (huīsè)
* 灰茫茫
* 灰蝶
* 灰質 / 灰质 (huīzhì)
* 灰身粉骨
* 灰軀糜骨 / 灰躯糜骨
* 灰錳氧 / 灰锰氧 (huīměngyǎng)
* 灰陶
* 灰頂 / 灰顶
* 灰頭土臉 / 灰头土脸 (huītóutǔliǎn)
* 灰頭土臉兒 / 灰头土脸儿
* 灰頭土面 / 灰头土面
* 灰頭草面 / 灰头草面
* 灰飛煙滅 / 灰飞烟灭 (huīfēiyānmiè)
* 灰鯨 / 灰鲸
* 灰鶴 / 灰鹤
* 灰鼠 (huīshǔ)
* 炮灰 (pàohuī)
* 焚屍揚灰 / 焚尸扬灰
* 無灰粉筆 / 无灰粉笔
* 焚骨揚灰 / 焚骨扬灰
* 煙灰 / 烟灰 (yānhuī)
* 熟石灰 (shúshíhuī)
* 爐灰 / 炉灰 (lúhuī)
* 爬灰
* 生石灰 (shēngshíhuī)
* 白灰 (báihuī)
* 百念皆灰
* 石灰 (shíhuī)
* 石灰乳
* 石灰岩 (shíhuīyán)
* 石灰岩洞
* 石灰水 (shíhuīshuǐ)
* 石灰石 (shíhuīshí)
* 石灰窯 / 石灰窑 (Shíhuīyáo)
* 石灰質 / 石灰质
* 磷灰石 (línhuīshí)
* 萬念俱灰 / 万念俱灰 (wànniànjùhuī)
* 秦灰
* 粉身灰骨
* 糶灰 / 粜灰
* 紙灰 / 纸灰
* 色如死灰
* 色若死灰
* 草木灰 (cǎomùhuī)
* 草灰 (cǎohuī)
* 菸灰 / 烟灰 (yānhuī)
* 菸灰缸 / 烟灰缸 (yānhuīgāng)
* 葭灰
* 葡萄灰
* 蛤灰
* 蜃灰
* 豆秸灰
* 跳灰
* 通草灰
* 銀灰 / 银灰
* 銀灰色 / 银灰色 (yínhuīsè)
* 鍋臍灰 / 锅脐灰
* 鐵灰色 / 铁灰色
* 雌一頭灰 / 雌一头灰
* 面如死灰
* 面如灰土
* 飲灰洗胃 / 饮灰洗胃
* 香灰 (xiānghuī)
* 骨灰 (gǔhuī)
* 骨灰塔
* 骨灰罈 / 骨灰坛

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoa
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoa
*** Tâi-lô: hua
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoaf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hua³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hua⁴⁴/

#### Definitions

灰 (Hokkien)
* to extinguish; to go out (of fire)
    火灰 ― hé-hoa ― the fire is gone out
* (idiomatic) to be about to die
    得卜灰 ― teh-beh hoa ― to be about to die
* (Quanzhou Hokkien, dated in Xiamen Hokkien) to be fully cured (of a disease); to disappear (of a scar)

#### Compounds

* 噴灰 / 喷灰 (pûn--hoa)
* 打灰 (phah-hoa)
* 拍灰 (phah-hoa)
* 擉灰 (tiak-hoa)
* 歕灰 / 𬅫灰 (pûn--hoa)
* 沃灰 (ak-hoa)
* 蔭灰 / 荫灰 (ìm-hoa)

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 灰 – see 烌 (“(Southern Min) dust; ash”). (This character is a variant form of 烌).

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): fiu$^1$ / fui$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fiu$^1$ / fui$^1$
*** Yale: fīu / fūi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fiu$^1$ / fui$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fiu$^1$ / fui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fiːu̯⁵⁵/, /fuːi̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

灰
* Used in 灰士.

### References

* “灰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 灰 |
| Kyūjitai | 灰󠄁 灰+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 灰󠄃 灰+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* ashes
* puckery juice
* cremate

#### Readings

* Go-on: け (ke)
* Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
* Kan’yō-on: くい (kui)
* Kun: はい (hai, 灰, Jōyō)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 灰
* はい Grade: 6
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はい [hàí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠i]

#### Noun

灰(はい) • (hai)
* ash
    塵(ちり)は塵(ちり)に、灰(はい)は灰(はい)に
       chiri wa chiri ni, hai wa hai ni
       dust to dust, ashes to ashes

##### Derived terms

* 死(し)の灰(はい) (shinohai)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 灰
* かい Grade: 6
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 灰 (MC xwoj).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ka̠i]

#### Affix

灰(かい) • (kai)
* ash; ashes

### References

* ↑ “灰”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

灰 (eumhun 재 회 (jae hoe))
* hanja form of 회 (“ashes; dust; lime; mortar”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

灰: Hán Nôm readings: hôi, hoi, khôi, vôi, hui, khuôi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.