# stipendium
## English
### Etymology

From the Latin stipendium.

### Noun

stipendium (plural stipendiums or stipendia)
* scholarship, stipend

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈscɪpɛndɪjum]

### Noun

stipendium n
* scholarship (study allowance)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “stipendium”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stipendium”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Etymology

From Latin stipendium, from stips (“alms, small payment”) and pendere (“pay, weigh”).

### Noun

stipendium n (singular definite stipendiet, plural indefinite stipendier)
* scholarship (study allowance)
* grant
* bursary

#### Inflection
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch stipendium, from Latin stipendium, from stips (“alms, small payment”) +‎ pendere (“pay, weigh”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sti.pɛnˈdi.ʊm]
* Hyphenation: sti‧pèndium

### Noun

stipèndium (plural stipendium-stipendium)
* (Catholicism) alms, allowance.

### Further reading

* “stipendium” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Ladin
### Noun

stipendium m (plural stipendiums)
* scholarship, bursary

## Latin
### Etymology

Haplologized from *stipipendium, from stips (“alms, small payment”) (from stipes) and pendere (“pay, weigh”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /stiːˈpen.di.um/, [s̠t̪iːˈpɛn̪d̪iʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /stiˈpen.di.um/, [st̪iˈpɛn̪d̪ium]
Generally thought to have a long vowel in the first syllable, despite the short /i/ in the base stips; one potential explanation of this is a change from */ipp/ to /iːp/. However, there is some uncertainty: most occurrences in meter are inconclusive (placing it in an anceps syllable, which was usually long but could be short) except for the case of stīpendium in Ennius, which Michiel de Vaan argues is an example of lengthening metri causa.

### Noun

stīpendium n (genitive stīpendiī or stīpendī); second declension
* tax, impost, tribute, contribution
    Synonyms: tribūtum, vectigal
** c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44:Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.If they chose to make a second trial, he was ready to encounter them again; but if they chose to enjoy peace, it was unfair to refuse the tribute, which of their own free-will they had paid up to that time.
** 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales , (in Varronis de lingua latina 5.183):[...] Poenī stīpendia pendunt(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, carmina 64.171–176:Jūpiter omnipotēns, utinam nē tempore primō Cnōsia Cecropiae tetigissent lītora puppēs, indomitō nec dīra ferēns stīpendia taurō perfidus intortum religāsset nāvita fūnem, nec malus haec cēlāns dulcī crūdēlia fōrmā cōnsilia in nostrīs requiēsset sēdibus hospes!(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1st century CE, anonymous, Lydia 9–15, (Appendix Vergiliana):ō fortūnātī nimium multumque beatī, in quibus illa pedis niveī vestīgia pōnet aut roseīs viridem digitīs dēcerpserit ūvam[...] aut inter variōs, Veneris stīpendia, flōrēs membra reclīnārit teneramque illīserit herbam et sēcrēta meōs fūrtim nārrābit amōrēs.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 28.25.9:in praesentia, ut coepisset, leniter agi placuit et missis circa stipendiarias civitates exactoribus stipendi spem propinquam facere.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* dues
* pay, stipend (military)
    Synonyms: mercēs, pretium, praemium, commodum
* (chiefly in the plural) military service
    facere stipendia ― to be a soldier/ to perform the military service
** 86 BCE – c. 35 BCE, Sallust, Bellum Jugurthinum 85.10, (“Oratio Marij”):Bellum me gerere cum Iugurtha iußiſtis: quam rem nobilitas ægerrimè tulit. Quæſo, reputate cum animis ueſtris, num id mutari metari melius ſit, écquem ex illo globo nobilitatis ad hoc, aut aliud tale negotium mittatis hominem, ueteris proſapiæ, ac multarum imaginum, et nullius ſtipendij: ſcilicet ut in tanta re ignarus omnium trepidet, feſtinet, ſumat aliquem ex populo monitorem ſui officij.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (by extension) a (military) campaign

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Derived terms

* stīpendiō
* stīpendior

#### Descendants

* Danish: stipendium
* English: stipend
* German: Stipendium
* Italian: stipendio
* Ladin: stipendium
* Piedmontese: stipendi
* Polish: stypendium
* Romanian: stipendiu
* Russian: стипе́ндия (stipéndija)
* Sicilian: stipenniu
* Portuguese: estipêndio
* Spanish: estipendio
* Swedish: stipendium

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “stips”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 588

### Further reading

* “stipendium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “stipendium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "stipendium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* stipendium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to pay the troops: stipendium dare, numerare, persolvere militibus to serve: stipendia facere, merere after having completed one's service: emeritis stipendiis (Sall. Iug. 84. 2)
* Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
* “stipendium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “stipendium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

stipendium n (definite singular stipendiet, indefinite plural stipendier, definite plural stipendia or stipendiene)
* alternative form of stipend

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stipendium.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

stipendium n
* a scholarship, a grant

#### Derived terms

* arbetsstipendium
* doktorandstipendium
* forskarstipendium
* författarstipendium
* konstnärsstipendium
* kulturstipendium
* resestipendium

### Further reading

* stipendium in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
* stipendium in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)