# dama
## English

* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

### Etymology

Compare Turkish dama, Northern Kurdish دامە (dame). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

dama (uncountable)
* The game of Turkish draughts.

### See also

* dama gazelle
* dama wallaby

### Anagrams

* A.A.M.D., Adam

## Asturian
### Noun

dama f (plural dames)
* (chess) queen

### See also

Chess pieces in Asturian · pieces d'axedrez (layout · text) :
| rei | dama, reina | torre | alfil | caballu | peón |

## Bambara
### Etymology

Cognate with Eastern Maninkakan dàma.

### Noun

dama
* number, quantity
* limit

### Adverb

dama
* only

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dame, from Latin domina. Doublet of dona.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈda.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈda.ma]

### Noun

dama f (plural dames)
* lady (graceful, elegant or noble woman)
* (chess) queen
* (in the plural) checkers (US), draughts (UK)

### See also

Chess pieces in Catalan · peces d'escacs (layout · text) :
| rei | reina, dama | torre | alfil | cavall | peó |

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish damas.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: da‧ma

### Noun

dama
* the game of checkers
* (checkers) a king
* a demijohn

### Verb

dama
* (checkers) to crown a king

## Cornish
### Noun

dama f (plural damyow)
* mother, dam

#### Synonyms

* mamm/mabm

#### Derived terms

* dama-wydn

#### See also

* sira/syra

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /da.ma/
* Homophones: damas, damât

### Verb

dama
* third-person singular past historic of damer

### Anagrams

* Adam

## Galician
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dame.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdama/ [ˈd̪a.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Hyphenation: da‧ma

### Noun

dama f (plural damas)
* lady, dame, woman of high status
* (chess) queen
    Synonym: raíña

#### See also

Chess pieces in Galician · pezas de xadrez (layout · text) :
| rei | dama, raíña | torre, roque | alfil | cabalo | peón |

## Garo
### Etymology

From (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

dama
* drum

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dáː.máː/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [dáː.máː]

### Noun

dāmā f (possessed form dāmar̃)
* chance, opportunity, possibility
* equal, something comparable
* improvement

### References

* Newman, Paul (2007) A Hausa-English Dictionary (Yale Language Series), New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 41.

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaːma/
* Rhymes: -aːma

### Noun

dama f (genitive singular dömu, nominative plural dömur)
* lady (also used as a third person address)
    Hvað má bjóða dömunni?What may be offered the lady? (speaking to the lady herself)

#### Derived terms

* dömur mínar og herrar

#### See also

* frú
* lafði

### Anagrams

* Adam

## Ilocano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish damas.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: da‧ma
* IPA: /ˈdama/

### Noun

dama
* (board games) checkers (US); draughts (UK)

#### Derived terms

* agdama
* pagdamaan

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈda.ma/
* Rhymes: -ama
* Hyphenation: dà‧ma

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French dame. Doublet of donna.

#### Noun

dama f (plural dame)
* lady
* (board games, in the singular) draughts/checkers
* king (in draughts/checkers)
* draughtboard/checkerboard
* queen (playing card)

##### Synonyms

* (lady): donna (archaic), lady, signora

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: دامه (dama)
** Turkish: dama
** → Armenian: տամա (tama)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

dama
* inflection of damare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* Adam

## Jamamadí
### Verb

dama
* (Banawá) to hold securely

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

## Japanese
### Romanization

dama
* Rōmaji transcription of だま
* Rōmaji transcription of ダマ

## Kashubian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈda.ma/
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Polish dama.

#### Noun

dama f
* lady

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Damm. Doublet of tama, a form borrowed from Polish. Compare Slovincian dama.

#### Noun

dama f
* dam

### Further reading

* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “tama”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “dama”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “dama”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Latin
### Noun

dāma f (genitive dāmae); first declension
* Alternative form of damma (“fallow deer”)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

### References

* “dama”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* dama in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Lithuanian
### Pronunciation

* (damà) IPA: [d̪ɐˈmɐ]
* (dãma) IPA: [ˈd̪ä̌ːmɐ]

### Noun

damà f (plural dãmos) stress pattern 2
* lady
* (card games) queen

#### See also

* (lady): ponia
* (queen): karalienė

### References

* ↑ “dama” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN

### Anagrams

* mada

## Maranao
### Etymology

From Spanish damas.

### Noun

dama
* checkers, draughts

#### Derived terms

* damadama (“checkered”)

### References

* A Maranao Dictionary, by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* damen

### Noun

dama m or f
* definite feminine singular of dame

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

dama f (definite singular dama, indefinite plural damer or damor, definite plural damene or damone)
* definite singular of dame
* (pre-2012) alternative form of dame

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdaβ̃a]

### Verb

·dama
* third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of daimid

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dame, Old French dame, from Late Latin domna, shortened variant of Latin domina. Doublet of domina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈda.ma/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

### Noun

dama f
* lady
    Synonyms: białogłowa, facetka, kobiałka, kobieta, niewiasta
* (card games) queen
    dama karo ― queen of diamonds
    dama kier ― queen of hearts
    dama pik ― queen of spades
    dama trefl ― queen of clubs
* (chess, colloquial) queen (chess piece)
    Synonyms: hetman, królowa, królówka

#### Derived terms

* bawidamek
* biała dama

### See also

Chess pieces in Polish · bierki szachowe (layout · text) :
| król | hetman, królowa, królówka, dama | wieża | goniec, laufer, giermek | skoczek, koń, konik | pion, pionek |
Playing cards in Polish · karty do gry (layout · text) :
| as | dwójka | trójka | czwórka | piątka | szóstka | siódemka |
| ósemka | dziewiątka | dziesiątka | walet | dama | król | dżoker |

### Further reading

* dama in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dama in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dame, from Latin domina. Doublet of dona.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɐ̃.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɐ̃.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɐ.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈdɐ.mɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈdɐ.mɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈda.mɐ/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɐmɐ, (Brazil) -ɐ̃mɐ
* Hyphenation: da‧ma

### Noun

dama f (plural damas)
* lady
* (chess) queen
* (card games) queen

### See also

Chess pieces in Portuguese · peças de xadrez (layout · text) :
| rei | rainha, dama | torre | bispo | cavalo | peão |
Playing cards in Portuguese · cartas de baralho (layout · text) :
| ás | dois, duque | três, terno | quatro, quadra | cinco, quina | seis, sena | sete, bisca, manilha |
| oito | nove | dez | valete | dama | rei | jóquer, curinga |

### References

* ↑ “dama”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* ↑ “dama”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdama]

### Noun

dama f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of damă

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dǎːma/
* Hyphenation: da‧ma

### Noun

dáma f (Cyrillic spelling да́ма)
* lady
* (chess, card games) queen

#### Declension
### See also

Chess pieces in Serbo-Croatian · šahovske figure / шаховске фигуре (layout · text) :
| kralj краљ | dama, kraljica дама, краљица | top, kula топ, кула | lovac, trkač, laufer ловац, тркач, лауфер | skakač, konj скакач, коњ | pješak, pešak, pion, pijun пјешак, пешак, пион, пијун |
Playing cards in Serbo-Croatian · igraće karte (layout · text) :
| as, kec | dvojka, dvica | trojka, trica | četvorka, četvrtica | petica | šestica | sedmica |
| osmica | devetka, devetica | desetka, desetica | dečko, pub, žandar, fant | kraljica, dama | kralj | džoker |

## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dàːma/

### Noun

dáma f
* lady
* (chess) queen
* (card games) queen

#### See also

Playing cards in Slovene · igralne karte (layout · text) :
| as, enka | dvojka | trojka | štirka, štirica | petka, petica | šestka, šestica | sedemka, sedmica |
| osmica | devetka, devetica | desetka, desetica | fant | kraljica, dama | kralj | joker |

## Slovincian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Damm. Compare Kashubian dama.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈda.ma/
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

### Noun

dama f
* dam

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “dą̃mă”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 171

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dame, from Latin domina. Doublet of dueña.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdama/ [ˈd̪a.ma]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

### Noun

dama f (plural damas, masculine caballero, masculine plural caballeros)
* lady, dame
    Synonyms: señora, ama
* (Mexico) a female member of the court of honor at a quinceañera
    Coordinate term: chambelán
* (chess) queen
    Synonym: reina
* (checkers) king
    Synonym: reina

#### Derived terms

* dama de compañía
* dama de honor
* dama de noche
* damas y caballeros
* primera dama
* zapatito de dama

### See also

Chess pieces in Spanish · piezas de ajedrez (layout · text) :
| rey | dama, reina | torre, roque | alfil | caballo | peón |

### Further reading

* “dama”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* amad

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese damas.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

dama class IX (no plural)
* draughts, checkers

#### Synonyms

* drafti

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Compare Malay jamah.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /daˈma/ [d̪ɐˈma]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: da‧ma

#### Noun

damá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜋ)
* feeling; perception
    Synonyms: damdam, pakiramdam
* opinion about something
    Synonyms: kuro, kuro-kuro, palagay

#### Adjective

damá (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜋ)
* felt; perceived

##### Derived terms

* damahin
* dumama
* ipadama
* madama
* makadama
* pagdama
* pandama

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish damas.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈdama/ [ˈd̪aː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

#### Noun

dama (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜋ)
* checkers; draughts
* (checkers) king

##### Derived terms

* damahan
* damarama
* magdama

##### See also

* perdegana

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Spanish dama (“lady, dame”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈdama/ [ˈd̪aː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: da‧ma

#### Noun

dama (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜋ)
* maid of honor; lady-in-waiting
    Synonym: abay

##### Derived terms

* dama de-notse
* damahuwana

### Further reading

* “dama”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Uneapa
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *dramaʀ (“light, torch”), variant of *ramaʀ with irregular loss of *ʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *damaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *damaʀ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dama/

### Noun

dama
* light

### Further reading

* Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 380
* Johnston, R.L. 1982. "Proto-Kimbe and the New Guinea Oceanic hypothesis". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors. Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic, 59-95.

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd̪a.ma/

### Noun

dama
* forest

### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Ye'kwana
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dama]

### Noun

dama
* ocean, sea

### References

* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “dama”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon
* Costa, Isabella Coutinho, Silva, Marcelo Costa da, Rodrigues, Edmilson Magalhães (2021) “dama”, in Portal Japiim: Dicionário Ye'kwana‎, Museu do Índio/FUNAI
* Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, pages 219, 388: “[damạ] 'sea' […] dama - sea”
* Hall, Katherine (2007) “dama”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series‎, Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021
* de Civrieux, Marc (1980) “dama”, in David M. Guss, transl., Watunna: An Orinoco Creation Cycle, San Francisco: North Point Press, →ISBN