OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# nanchimensis
## Latin
### Etymology

From Nanchimum + -ēnsis (“-ese”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /nan.kʰiˈmen.sis/, [näŋkʰɪˈmẽːs̠ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /nan.kiˈmen.sis/, [näŋkiˈmɛnsis]

### Adjective

nanchimēnsis (neuter nanchimēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective
* Alternative form of nanchinēnsis: Nanjingese.
** 1946, Acta Apostolicae Sedis, volume XXXVIII, page 304:...in provincia Chiamsuana (Kiangsu) sedes Nanchimensis (de Nanking) erit metropolitana, eique suffraganeae erunt dioeceses Haemenensis (de Haimen), Sciamhaevensis (de Shanghai), et Siüceuvensis (de Süchow)...(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.
# gibohon
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From gibo +‎ -on.

### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /ɡiˈbohon/ [ɡiˈbo.hon̪]
* IPA: /ɡiˈboʔon/ [ɡiˈbo.ʔon̪] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: gi‧bo‧hon

#### Verb

gibóhon (Basahan spelling ᜄᜒᜊᜓᜑᜓᜈ᜔)
* to do; to make

##### See also

* maggibo

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /ˌɡiboˈhon/ [ˌɡi.boˈhon̪]
* IPA: /ˌɡiboˈʔon/ [ˌɡi.boˈʔon̪] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: gi‧bo‧hon

#### Noun

gíbohón (Basahan spelling ᜄᜒᜊᜓᜑᜓᜈ᜔)
* task, chore
    Synonym: trabaho
# ցամաքահանում
## Armenian
### Etymology

ցամաքահանել (cʻamakʻahanel) +‎ -ում (-um)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡sʰɑmɑkʰɑhɑˈnum/, [t͡sʰɑmɑkʰɑhɑnúm]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡sɑmɑkɑhɑˈnum/, [t͡sʰɑmɑkʰɑhɑnúm]

### Noun

ցամաքահանում • (cʻamakʻahanum)
* landing, debarkation, disembarkation

#### Declension

*the singular locative is seldom used
# želanie
## Slovak
### Etymology

From želať +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʒɛɫaɲi̯ɛ/

### Noun

želanie f (genitive singular želania, nominative plural želania, genitive plural želaní, declension pattern of vysvedčenie)
* wish

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “želanie”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# gisp
## Danish
### Etymology

See gispe.

### Noun

gisp n (singular definite gispet, plural indefinite gisp)
* a gasp

#### Declension
### Verb

gisp
* imperative of gispe

### References

* “gisp” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From the verb gispe.

#### Noun

gisp n (definite singular gispet, indefinite plural gisp, definite plural gispa or gispene)
* a gasp

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

gisp
* imperative of gispe

### References

* “gisp” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “gisp” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From the verb gispe.

### Noun

gisp n (definite singular gispet, indefinite plural gisp, definite plural gispa)
* a gasp

### References

* “gisp” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# jenjang
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /d͡ʒənˈd͡ʒaŋ/ [d͡ʒənˈd͡ʒaŋ]
* Rhymes: -aŋ
* Syllabification: jen‧jang

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

#### Noun

jenjang (plural jenjang-jenjang)
* ladder, scaffolding.
* stairs, staircase, steps.
* level, stage.
* ranking
* span
* gradient.
* (mining) bench.
* hierarchy.

##### Derived terms

* berjenjang
* berjenjang-jenjang
* jenjangan
* menjenjangkan
* penjenjangan
* perjenjangan
* jenjang jabatan
* jenjang karier
* jenjang kepangkatan
* jenjang menengah
* jenjang pendidikan

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦚ꧀ꦗꦁ (janjang, “long, slender”), from Old Javanese jaṅjaṅ (“tall and slender”).

#### Adjective

jenjang
* long, slender

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

#### Noun

jenjang (plural jenjang-jenjang)
* crane (any bird of the family Gruidae)

### Further reading

* “jenjang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# kalavasa
## Ladino
### Etymology

From Old Spanish calabaça, derived from a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia *calapacceu (compare Catalan carabassa). Less likely from Arabic قَرْعَة يَابِسَة (qarʕa yābisa, “dry gourd”), which is from Classical Persian خَرْبُزَه (xarbuza, “melon”).

### Noun

kalavasa f (plural kalavasas)
* zucchini; pumpkin; gourd

#### Related terms

* kalavasada (“a mixture of pumpkin and roasted almonds”)
* kalavasa vazía (“nickname for an ignorant person”)

### References

* ↑ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, p. 277
* ↑ “kalavasa”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.
# kradí
## Czech
### Etymology

From krást.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkraɟiː]

### Adverb

kradí
* furtively, secretly, stealthily
    Synonyms: kradmo, pokradmu, potají, skrytě
** 1931, Vladislav Vančura, Markéta Lazarová:Dnes poprvé jest jí skrývati vlastní vůli a kradí se ohlížeti za svým otcem.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* kradí
* kradmý
* pokradmu

### Further reading

* “kradí”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kradí”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “kradí”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# kultus
## Danish
### Etymology

See kult.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkultus]

### Noun

kultus c
* (archaic) a cult
    Synonym: kult

#### Derived terms

* kultusminister
* kultusministerium

### References

* “kultus” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from English cultus, from Latin cultus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kul.tus]
* Rhymes: -tus, -us
* Hyphenation: kul‧tus

### Noun

kultus (Jawi spelling کولتوس)
* cult (group of people following an unorthodox system of beliefs)
* cultus (religious rites or customs of worship)

### Further reading

* “kultus” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# luengq
## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /luːŋ˧˥/
* Tone numbers: lueng$^5$
* Hyphenation: luengq

### Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Tai *rwɯəŋᴬ (“gutter; trough”), of which form was reconstructed by Pittayaporn (2009), although the tone of luengq [luːŋᴮ¹] shows irregularity as a reflex of it.
Li (1977) had reconstructed Proto-Tai *ru̯aŋᴬ² (“trough”) with words such as Po-ai (Yei Zhuang) luengz [luːŋᴬ²] while noting that Po-ai is monophthongized from a Proto-Northern Tai *ua ~ *uə or Proto-Tai *ua has already become Proto-Northern Tai *uu.
In Southwesten Tai, possibly cognate with Thai ราง (raang), Lao ຮາງ (hāng), Shan ႁၢင်း (háang), Ahom 𑜍𑜂𑜫 (raṅ).
Possibly related to luengx (“ditch between ridges”), lueg (“mountain valley”).

#### Noun

luengq (Sawndip forms 𡋱 or 弄 or 𰨀 or 况 or ⿰屋共 or 衖, 1957–1982 spelling lueŋƽ)
* gully; ravine
* gap; crack; crevice

### Etymology 2

Possibly derived meaning from the above.

#### Noun

luengq (Sawndip form ⿵门巷, 1957–1982 spelling lueŋƽ)
* street

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)‎, Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 341
* ↑ Li, Fangkuei (1977) A Handbook of Comparative Tai, University of Hawaii Press, pages 142, 144, 145, 276, 277
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 古壮字字典 [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters] (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN
# naturalist
## English
### Etymology

From natural +‎ -ist.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

naturalist (plural naturalists)
* (obsolete, except as merged with later senses) A natural philosopher; a scientist. [16th–19th c.]
** 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1792, →OCLC:It has also been asserted, by some naturalists, that men do not attain their full growth and strength till thirty; but that women arrive at maturity by twenty.
* (philosophy) A person who believes in or advocates the tenets of philosophical or methodological naturalism. [from 16th c.]
* An expert in natural history or the study of plants and animals. [from 17th c.]
** a. 1776, Joseph Baretti, “Dialogue the Fortieth”, in Easy Phraseology for the Use of Those Persons Who Intend to Learn the Colloquial Part of the Italian Language‎, 1835 edition, Turin: Joseph Bocca, page 236:I will leave off all my childish fooleries and diversions, and set about studying with such a rage, that when you come back next year, you may find the tongue I have now in my mouth more forky than that of some serpents mentioned by Pliny the naturalist.
* (art) A creative artist who attempts to faithfully represent nature; an adherent of artistic naturalism. [from 19th c.]

#### Derived terms

* religious naturalist
* spiritual naturalist

#### Related terms

* naturalism

#### Translations
### See also

* biologist
* botanist
* geologist
* natural historian
* natural history
* natural scientist
* scientist
* zoologist

### Further reading

* natural history on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “naturalist”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French naturaliste.

### Noun

naturalist m (plural naturaliști, feminine equivalent naturalistă)
* naturalist

#### Related terms

* naturalism

### Further reading

* naturalist in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
# persondyrkelse
## Danish
### Etymology

Compound of person +‎ dyrkelse.

### Noun

persondyrkelse c (singular definite persondyrkelsen, not used in plural form)
* inappropriate or excessive worship of a person

#### References

* “persondyrkelse” in Den Danske Ordbog
# rrok
## Albanian
### Etymology 1

Disputed.
* Orel proposes a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *rukkjan (“to move, to remove, to stir, to snatch, to pull, to push”) (cf. Old English roccian, Old High German rucchan, Old Norse rykkja).

#### Verb

rrok (aorist rroka, participle rrokur)
* to seize, snatch, touch
    Synonym: kap

##### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

##### Derived terms

* rokominë
* rrokas
* rrokë
* rrokës
* rrokje
* rrokme
* rrokoll
* vrokth

### Etymology 2

Derivative of the verb, originally meaning 'something snatched off'.

#### Adjective

rrok (feminine rroke)
* raw

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “rrok”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 389
# scullion
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈskʌl.i.ən/

### Etymology 1

Either from Middle French escouillon (“a swab, cloth”), diminutive of escouve (“broom, twig”) from Latin scopa, or an alteration of Old French souillon (“scullion”) by influence of scullery.

#### Noun

scullion (plural scullions)
* A servant from the lower classes.
** 1762, [Laurence Sterne], chapter IX, in The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume V, London: […] T. Becket and P. A. Dehondt, […], →OCLC, page 52:They all looked directly at the ſcullion,—the ſcullion had juſt been ſcouring a fiſh-kettle.
** 1936, Norman Lindsay, The Flyaway Highway, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 44:"How now, you scullions and cullions: bring hither a pair of cow's hooves to out face this contumelious caitiff."
* (obsolete, derogatory) A low, base person. [1400s]
** c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:Away, you scullion! You rampallian! You fustilarian!

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

scullion (plural scullions)
* Alternative form of scallion

### Anagrams

* Cullison, cullions
# talk shit
## English
### Etymology

From talk (“to speak of, to discuss”) + shit (“nonsense, "bullshit"”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

talk shit (third-person singular simple present talks shit, present participle talking shit, simple past and past participle talked shit)
* (slang, vulgar) To untruthfully speak of another in a belittling, deprecative, slighting manner, either in person or in absentia.
    Synonyms: misrepresent, slander
    Talk shit, get hit.
* (slang, vulgar) To speak nonsense or to lie.
    Synonyms: bullshit, misrepresent
    Yo, man, Bobby was here, an' he was talkin' all kinds of shit about how many girlfriends he's had; y'all know that he ain't had a girlfriend since a girl had him.

#### Usage notes

* This is an idiomatic instance of a general construction consisting of talk with the topic area as object of the verb. One can talk baseball, talk philosophy, or talk shop.

#### Synonyms

* (speak ill): talk trash (US), talk shite (UK); see also Thesaurus:defame
* (talk nonsense or lie): chat shit (UK), chat shite (UK), talk shite (UK)

#### Derived terms

* shit talk
* shit talking
* talk shit, get hit

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* shit talk, shit-talk
# staturam
## Latin
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /staˈtuː.ram/, [s̠t̪äˈt̪uːrä̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /staˈtu.ram/, [st̪äˈt̪uːräm]

#### Noun

statūram f
* accusative singular of statūra (“stature, size”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /staːˈtuː.ram/, [s̠t̪äːˈt̪uːrä̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /staˈtu.ram/, [st̪äˈt̪uːräm]

#### Participle

stātūram
* accusative feminine singular of stātūrus
# tiến
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tiən˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [tiəŋ˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tiəŋ˦˥]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 進; this is the Northern form. Doublet of tấn, the Southern form.
This is the dominant form used in compounds in modern written Vietnamese.

#### Verb

tiến
* to advance; to go forward
    Antonym: lùi

#### See also

* cấp tiến
* tiến bộ
* tiến công
* tiến lên
* tiến phong
* tiến thoái lưỡng nan
* tiến triển
* tiến trình

### Etymology 2

See tuyến.

#### Noun

tiến • (線)
* Southern Vietnam form of tuyến (“thread, line”)
    kim tiến ― golden thread
# φήνη
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* φίνις (phínis)

### Etymology

The presence of an alternative form leads to a Pre-Greek origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰɛ̌ː.nɛː/ → /ˈɸi.ni/ → /ˈfi.ni/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pʰɛ̌ː.nɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpʰe̝.ne̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈɸi.ni/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈfi.ni/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈfi.ni/

### Noun

φήνη • (phḗnē) f (genitive φήνης); first declension
* lammergeier, ossifrage (Gypaetus barbatus)
    Synonym: ὀστοκατεάκτης (ostokateáktēs)

#### Descendants

* → Old Armenian: եփենէ (epʻenē)

### References

* “φήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “φήνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “φήνη”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* φήνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* φήνη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# Воцерковление
## Russian
### Etymology

во (vo) + церковь (tzerkov’) + ле́ние (leniye)

### Pronunciation

IPA: [vət͡sɨrkɐˈvlʲenʲɪje]

### Noun

* воцерковле́ние • (vocerkovlénije) n inan (genitive воцерковле́ния, nominative plural воцерковле́ния, genitive plural воцерковле́ний)
* Christian church rite for an infant & mother after a successful birth.
* Generally, the rituals, habits, and customs attendant to regular participation in church services.

#### Declension

* ↑ Энциклопедия азбуки веры, s.v. «воцерковле́ние»
# недодяланик
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

By surface analysis, не- (ne-, negating particle) +‎ додя́лам (dodjálam, “to finish moulding”) +‎ -ник (-nik).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɛdoˈdʲa̟ɫɐnik]

### Noun

недодя́ланик • (nedodjálanik) m
* (literally) one who has not been fully moulded
* (derogatory) duffer, dolt, good-for-nothing (person with poor skills)

#### Declension
### References

* “недодяланик”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

### Further reading

* “недодяланик”, in BGJargon.com (in Bulgarian), 2007
# earr
## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish err (“hinder-part, end, tail”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁órsos (“backside, buttocks”) (compare English arse and German Arsch).

### Noun

earr f (genitive singular eirre, nominative plural earra)
* end, extremity, tail
    Synonyms: cúl, deireadh
* (literary) banner

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
earr
earra
vocative
a earr
a earra
genitive
eirre
earr
dative
earr
earra
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an earr
na hearra
genitive
na heirre
na n-earr
dative
leis an earr don earr
leis na hearra :

#### Derived terms

* bandearrach (“ring-tailed”, adjective)
* earr-rua an earraigh (“large red damselfly”)
* earrdheargán m (“redstart”)
* earrdhubh (“black-tailed”, adjective)
* earrfhada (“long-tailed”, adjective)
* stríocearrach (“bar-tailed”, adjective)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “earr”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “err”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Noun

earr m or f (genitive singular earra, plural earran)
* Alternative spelling of eàrr

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# strudeln
## German
### Etymology

An ablaut variant with iterative suffix of Middle High German streden, from Old High German stredan, from Proto-West Germanic *streþan, from Proto-Germanic *streþaną. By surface analysis, Strudel +‎ -n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃtʁuːdl̩n/
* Hyphenation: stru‧deln
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uːdl̩n

### Verb

strudeln (weak, third-person singular present strudelt, past tense strudelte, past participle gestrudelt, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to swirl

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* abstrudeln

### Further reading

* “strudeln” in Duden online
* “strudeln” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “strudeln” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “strudeln” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
# վերջերս
## Armenian
### Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /veɾt͡ʃʰeɾəs/, [veɾt͡ʃʰéɾəs]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /veɾt͡ʃeɾəs/, [veɾt͡ʃʰéɾəs]

### Noun

վերջերս • (verǰers)
* nominative plural first-person possessive of վերջ (verǰ)

### Adverb

վերջերս • (verǰers)
* recently, lately, in the last few days
    Alternative form: վերջերքս (verǰerkʻs)
# לימודים
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From the root ל־מ־ד

### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /lim.muːˈdiːm/, [lem.muːˈðiːm]
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /lim.muːˈðiːm/ [lim.muːˈðiːm]
* (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA: /lim.muˈðim/ [lim.muːˈðiːm]
* (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA: /li.muˈdim/ (West), /lim.muˈdim/ (East)
* (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA: /li.muˈdim/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /li.muˈdim/

### Noun

לימודים / לִמּוּדִים • (limudím) m pl (singular construct לימודי / לִמּוּדֵי־)
* plural indefinite form of לימוד / לִמּוּד (limúd)‎
* (plural form only) classes, lessons, studies

#### Derived terms

* שנת לימודים / שְׁנַת לִמּוּדִים (sh'nát-limudím, “a school year”)
# abației
## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abaˈt͡si.ej/
* Rhymes: -iej
* Hyphenation: a‧ba‧țí‧ei

### Noun

abației
* definite genitive/dative singular of abație
# πονηραῖν
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /po.nɛː.râi̯n/ → /po.niˈrɛn/ → /po.niˈren/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /po.nɛː.râi̯n/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /po.ne̝ˈrɛn/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /po.niˈrɛn/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /po.niˈren/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /po.niˈren/

### Adjective

πονηραῖν • (ponēraîn)
* feminine genitive/dative dual of πονηρός (ponērós)
# トランプ主義
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 主 | 義 |
| しゅ Grade: 3 | ぎ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

トランプ (Toranpu, “Trump”) +‎ 主義 (-shugi, “-ism”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞ɾã̠mpɯ̟ ɕɨɡʲi]

### Noun

トランプ主(しゅ)義(ぎ) • (toranpu shugi)
* (informal, US politics) Trumpism

#### Related terms

* トランプマニア (toranpumania)
* 単(たん)一(いつ)執(しっ)行(こう)府(ふ)論(ろん) (tan'itsu shikkōfu ron, “w:unitary executive theory”)
** 単(たん)一(いつ)行(ぎょう)政(せい)理(り)論(ろん) (tan'itsu gyōsei riron)
# 立ちくらみ
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 立
* た Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 立ち眩み 立眩み

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たちくらみ [tàchíkúrámí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ta̠t͡ɕikɯ̟ɾa̠mʲi]

### Noun

立(た)ちくらみ • (tachikurami)
* lightheadedness; dizziness from standing up, orthostatic hypotension

#### Synonyms

* 起(き)立(りつ)性(せい)低(てい)血(けつ)圧(あつ) (kiritsusei teiketsuatsu, “orthostatic hypotension; OH”)
* 起(き)立(りつ)性(せい)不(ふ)耐(たい)症(しょう) (kiritsusei futaishō, “orthostatic intolerance; OI”)
* 起(き)立(りつ)性(せい)調(ちょう)節(せつ)障(しょう)害(がい) (kiritsusei chōsetsu shōgai, “orthostatic dysregulation; OD”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

### Further reading

* 立ちくらみ(たちくらみ)とは？ 意味や使い方 - コトバンク
# 視力検査表
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 視 | 力 | 検 | 査 | 表 |
| し Grade: 6 | りょく Grade: 1 | けん Grade: 5 | さ Grade: 5 | ひょう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |||||
* Alternative spelling
* 視力檢査表 (kyūjitai)

### Alternative forms

* 視(し)力(りょく)表(ひょう) (shiryokuhyō, “eye chart”)

### Etymology

Compound of 視力 (shiryoku, “eyesight”) +‎ 検査 (kensa, “examination”) +‎ 表 (hyō, “chart”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕiɾʲo̞kɯ̟ kẽ̞ɰ̃sa̠ ço̞ː]

### Noun

視(し)力(りょく)検(けん)査(さ)表(ひょう) • (shiryoku kensa hyō)
* eye chart

#### Hyponyms

* ランドルト環(かん) (randorutokan, “Landolt ring, Landolt C”)

#### Related terms

* 視(し)力(りょく) (shiryoku, “visual acuity, eyesight, vision”)
* 視(し)力(りょく)検(けん)査(さ) (shiryoku kensa, “eye examination”)

### References

* Definition of 視力検査表 - JapanDict: Japanese Dictionary
# ꦲꦗꦂ
## Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.d͡ʒar/
* Audio (Banyumas):(file)
* Rhymes: -d͡ʒar
* Hyphenation: a‧jar

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Javanese ajar (“communication, information, announcement; teaching, training; hermit”).

#### Verb

ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar)
* to learn, to do exercise, to receive training
* to beat up

#### Noun

ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar)
* teaching
* hermit

#### Derived terms

* ꦔꦗꦂ (ngajar)
* ꦔꦗꦫꦶ (ngajari)
* ꦥꦔꦗꦫꦤ꧀ (pangajaran)
* ꦲꦗꦂꦲꦗꦂ (ajar-ajar)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: hajar

### Etymology 2

Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

ꦲꦗꦂ (ajar)
* section of a (citrus) fruit

##### Descendants

* → Indonesian: ajar

### Further reading

* “ajar” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
* Stuart O. Robson, Singgih Wibisono (2013) Javanese English Dictionary, New York: Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN
# 이중국적
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 二重國籍.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [id͡ʑuŋɡuk̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [이중국쩍]

### Noun

이중국적 • (ijunggukjeok) (hanja 二重國籍)
* dual citizenship