OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# კომპოსტერი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From French.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼompʼostʼeɾi]

### Noun

კომპოსტერი • (ḳomṗosṭeri) (plural კომპოსტერები)
* punch

#### Declension

Declension of კომპოსტერი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | კომპოსტერი (ḳomṗosṭeri) | კომპოსტერები (ḳomṗosṭerebi) | კომპოსტერნი (ḳomṗosṭerni) |
| ergative | კომპოსტერმა (ḳomṗosṭerma) | კომპოსტერებმა (ḳomṗosṭerebma) | კომპოსტერთ(ა) (ḳomṗosṭert(a)) |
| dative | კომპოსტერს(ა) (ḳomṗosṭers(a)) | კომპოსტერებს(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerebs(a)) | კომპოსტერთ(ა) (ḳomṗosṭert(a)) |
| genitive | კომპოსტერის(ა) (ḳomṗosṭeris(a)) | კომპოსტერების(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerebis(a)) | კომპოსტერთ(ა) (ḳomṗosṭert(a)) |
| instrumental | კომპოსტერით(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerit(a)) | კომპოსტერებით(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | კომპოსტერად(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerad(a)) | კომპოსტერებად(ა) (ḳomṗosṭerebad(a)) | |
| vocative | კომპოსტერო (ḳomṗosṭero) | კომპოსტერებო (ḳomṗosṭerebo) | კომპოსტერნო (ḳomṗosṭerno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of კომპოსტერი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | კომპოსტერზე (ḳomṗosṭerze) | კომპოსტერებზე (ḳomṗosṭerebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | კომპოსტერთან (ḳomṗosṭertan) | კომპოსტერებთან (ḳomṗosṭerebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | კომპოსტერში (ḳomṗosṭerši) | კომპოსტერებში (ḳomṗosṭerebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | კომპოსტერივით (ḳomṗosṭerivit) | კომპოსტერებივით (ḳomṗosṭerebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | კომპოსტერისთვის (ḳomṗosṭeristvis) | კომპოსტერებისთვის (ḳomṗosṭerebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | კომპოსტერისებრ (ḳomṗosṭerisebr) | კომპოსტერებისებრ (ḳomṗosṭerebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | კომპოსტერისკენ (ḳomṗosṭerisḳen) | კომპოსტერებისკენ (ḳomṗosṭerebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | კომპოსტერისგან (ḳomṗosṭerisgan) | კომპოსტერებისგან (ḳomṗosṭerebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | კომპოსტერისადმი (ḳomṗosṭerisadmi) | კომპოსტერებისადმი (ḳomṗosṭerebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | კომპოსტერიდან (ḳomṗosṭeridan) | კომპოსტერებიდან (ḳomṗosṭerebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | კომპოსტერითურთ (ḳomṗosṭeriturt) | კომპოსტერებითურთ (ḳomṗosṭerebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | კომპოსტერამდე (ḳomṗosṭeramde) | კომპოსტერებამდე (ḳomṗosṭerebamde) |
# Arild
## Norwegian
### Etymology

A Norwegian 15th century variant of Harald. Also a Danish variant of the German Arnold.

### Proper noun

Arild
* a male given name

### References

* Kristoffer Kruken - Ola Stemshaug: Norsk personnamnleksikon, Det Norske Samlaget, Oslo 1995, →ISBN
* Statistisk sentralbyrå, Namnestatistikk: 10 640 males with the given name Arild living in Norway on January 1st 2011, with the frequency peak in the 1950s. Accessed on April 29th, 2011.

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* (Swedish locality): (1677) Her Artiz leye, (1698) Arids Leye, Arilds Läye, (1700s) Herr Arilds Läger, (1751) Arillsläge, (1754) Arveds leje, (1900s) Arels lee, Arels läje, (1917) Arildsläge

### Etymology

Name sense: Ultimately genitive form of Arvid, later transformed.
Locality sense: Ultimately named after Saint Arild. First known as Danish Hellij Aruitz leije (“Holy Arild's Fishing Village”) in 1524, and Danish hellige Arrildz leye in 1556.
Up to late 19th century locally known as Arildsläge; by surface analysis, Arilds (“Arild's”) +‎ läge (“fishing village”), or shortned to Läget (“the fishing village”). During late 19th century officially named Arild.

### Proper noun

Arild c (genitive Arilds)
* a male given name
* A village in Brunnby parish, Höganäs municipality, Skåne county, Sweden.

#### Statistics

* According to the Swedish Tax Agency's 2023 registry, the given name Arild belong to 611 individuals in Sweden.

### References

* ↑ Svenskt ortnamnslexikon (2016), pages 24–25, by Swedish Institute for Language and Folklore and Uppsala University Department of Scandinavian Languages
# desbrasileirasses
## Portuguese
### Verb

desbrasileirasses
* second-person singular imperfect subjunctive of desbrasileirar
# photoshop
## English
### Alternative forms

* Photoshop

### Etymology

Genericized trademark of Adobe Photoshop, a widely-used graphics editor. This may in turn have been derived from its usage to refer to the camera room in the offset lithography process, where laid up pages could be extensively retouched before being transferred to the printing plates.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈfəʊ.təʊ.ʃɒp/
* (US) IPA: /ˈfoʊ.toʊ.ʃɑp/
** Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

photoshop (third-person singular simple present photoshops, present participle photoshopping, simple past and past participle photoshopped)
* (trademark, media, computing, usually transitive) To digitally edit or alter (a picture or photograph).
    She charged that the prosecutor had photoshopped the image to incriminate her.
** 1995 September 24, “Some surf the Net, others quiver on the shore”, in The Record, Hackensack, New Jersey, page 167:Photographs can be manipulated, too; while a "Photoshopped" image may look beautiful, it might not give a correct impression of a place (this is a whole other column).
** 1997 May 6, PC Magazine, New York: Ziff Davis, page 89:Ned Shaw, a former illustrator for PC Magazine, has gathered a huge collection of classic examples from such artists and illustrators as Maxfield Parish and Edmund Dulac. He then Photoshopped it (a new verb; you heard it first here) and produced two volumes of fantastic art. The cool part is that the product comes in two resolutions.
** 2004 May 20, “PS...”, in The Times (People section), number 68080, London: News UK, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 6:The feisty brunette star of The Mummy [sc. Rachel Weisz] boasts: "I really did hold that snake. People thought it was Photoshopped in, but it was the real thing. I had to stay relaxed." What about the snake?

#### Translations
### Noun

photoshop (plural photoshops)
* (uncommon) A digitally altered image.
    I reckon the image is a photoshop.

#### Usage notes

* Both the verb and noun uses have been discouraged by Adobe for trademark reasons.

#### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:photoshop.

#### Derived terms

* photoshopped, Photoshopped
* shoop

#### Related terms

* composite
* collage
* montage
* muscle morph

### References

* ↑ Permissions and Trademark Guidelines on Adobe.com.

## Spanish
### Noun

photoshop m (plural photoshops)
* photoshop
# São Toméan
## English
### Etymology

From São Tomé +‎ -an.

### Adjective

São Toméan (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to São Tomé and Principe or its peoples.
    Synonym: Santomean

#### Translations
### Noun

São Toméan (plural São Toméans)
* Citizen of São Tomé and Principe or of São Toméan descent.
    Synonym: Santomean
# pomimo
## Polish
### Etymology

Univerbation of po +‎ mimo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈmi.mɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -imɔ
* Syllabification: po‧mi‧mo

### Preposition

pomimo (+ genitive)
* despite, in spite of
    Synonym: mimo

#### Related terms

* pomimo to
* pomimo wszystko
* pomimo że

### Further reading

* pomimo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pomimo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# flagitium
## Latin
### Etymology

From flāgitō (“demand, press”) +‎ -ium.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /flaːˈɡi.ti.um/, [fɫ̪äːˈɡɪt̪iʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /flaˈd͡ʒit.t͡si.um/, [fläˈd͡ʒit̪ː͡s̪ium]

### Noun

flāgitium n (genitive flāgitiī or flāgitī); second declension
* A disgraceful action, shameful crime, scandal.
    Synonyms: maleficium, crīmen, culpa, vitium, facinus, scelus
** c. 100-110, Tacitus, Histories: Book 4‎:Obsessos hinc fides, inde egestas inter decus ac flagitium distrahebant.The ties of loyalty on the one hand, and the necessities of famine on the other, kept the besieged wavering between the alternatives of glory and infamy.
* shame, disgrace, outrage.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Derived terms

* flāgitiōsus

#### Descendants

* Portuguese: flagício

### References

* “flagitium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “flagitium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* flagitium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. a life defiled by every crime: vita omnibus flagitiis, vitiis dedita a life defiled by every crime: vita omnibus flagitiis inquinata
# კომუტატორი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼomutʼatʼoɾi]

### Noun

კომუტატორი • (ḳomuṭaṭori) (plural კომუტატორები)
* commutator, switch, switchboard

#### Declension

Declension of კომუტატორი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | კომუტატორი (ḳomuṭaṭori) | კომუტატორები (ḳomuṭaṭorebi) | კომუტატორნი (ḳomuṭaṭorni) |
| ergative | კომუტატორმა (ḳomuṭaṭorma) | კომუტატორებმა (ḳomuṭaṭorebma) | კომუტატორთ(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭort(a)) |
| dative | კომუტატორს(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭors(a)) | კომუტატორებს(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorebs(a)) | კომუტატორთ(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭort(a)) |
| genitive | კომუტატორის(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭoris(a)) | კომუტატორების(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorebis(a)) | კომუტატორთ(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭort(a)) |
| instrumental | კომუტატორით(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorit(a)) | კომუტატორებით(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | კომუტატორად(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorad(a)) | კომუტატორებად(ა) (ḳomuṭaṭorebad(a)) | |
| vocative | კომუტატორო (ḳomuṭaṭoro) | კომუტატორებო (ḳomuṭaṭorebo) | კომუტატორნო (ḳomuṭaṭorno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of კომუტატორი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | კომუტატორზე (ḳomuṭaṭorze) | კომუტატორებზე (ḳomuṭaṭorebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | კომუტატორთან (ḳomuṭaṭortan) | კომუტატორებთან (ḳomuṭaṭorebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | კომუტატორში (ḳomuṭaṭorši) | კომუტატორებში (ḳomuṭaṭorebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | კომუტატორივით (ḳomuṭaṭorivit) | კომუტატორებივით (ḳomuṭaṭorebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | კომუტატორისთვის (ḳomuṭaṭoristvis) | კომუტატორებისთვის (ḳomuṭaṭorebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | კომუტატორისებრ (ḳomuṭaṭorisebr) | კომუტატორებისებრ (ḳomuṭaṭorebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | კომუტატორისკენ (ḳomuṭaṭorisḳen) | კომუტატორებისკენ (ḳomuṭaṭorebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | კომუტატორისგან (ḳomuṭaṭorisgan) | კომუტატორებისგან (ḳomuṭaṭorebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | კომუტატორისადმი (ḳomuṭaṭorisadmi) | კომუტატორებისადმი (ḳomuṭaṭorebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | კომუტატორიდან (ḳomuṭaṭoridan) | კომუტატორებიდან (ḳomuṭaṭorebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | კომუტატორითურთ (ḳomuṭaṭoriturt) | კომუტატორებითურთ (ḳomuṭaṭorebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | კომუტატორამდე (ḳomuṭaṭoramde) | კომუტატორებამდე (ḳomuṭaṭorebamde) |

#### See also

* გადართოთ (gadartot)
# মাইনাস
## Bengali
### Etymology

Borrowed from English minus.

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /mai̯naʃ/, [ˈmai̯naʃ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /mai̯naʃ/, [ˈmai̯naʃ]

### Noun

মাইনাস • (mainaś)
* remove
    মাইনাস করা ― mainas kôra ― to remove
# 八十二
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bāshí'èr
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ ㄕˊ ㄦˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baat$^3$ sap$^6$ ji$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): poeh-cha̍p-lī / peh-cha̍p-jī
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bāshí'èr
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ ㄕˊ ㄦˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bashíh-èr
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$-shih$^2$-êrh$^4$
*** Yale: bā-shŕ-èr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bashyrell
*** Palladius: башиэр (bašier)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baat$^3$ sap$^6$ ji$^6$
*** Yale: baat sahp yih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baat$^8$ sap$^9$ ji$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bad$^3$ seb$^6$ yi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːt̚³ sɐp̚² jiː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poeh-cha̍p-lī
*** Tâi-lô: pueh-tsa̍p-lī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poehzabli
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /pue(ʔ)⁵ t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peh-cha̍p-jī
*** Tâi-lô: peh-tsa̍p-jī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pehzabji
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² zi³³/

### Numeral

八十二
* eighty-two; 82

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 八 | 十 | 二 |
| はち Grade: 1 | じゅう Grade: 1 | に Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はちじゅう・に [hàchíjúꜜùníꜜ] (Nakadaka + Atamadaka – [3]-[1])
* IPA: [ha̠t͡ɕiʑɨːɲ̟i]

### Numeral

八(はち)十(じゅう)二(に) • (hachijūni)
* eighty-two; 82
# cleer
## English
### Verb

cleer (third-person singular simple present cleers, present participle cleering, simple past and past participle cleered)
* Obsolete spelling of clear.
** 1579, Plutarke of Chæronea [i.e., Plutarch], “Agis and Cleomenes”, in Thomas North, transl., The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romaines, […], London: […] Richard Field, →OCLC, page 851:The articles whereof were theſe: That ſuch as were in debt, ſhould be cleered of all their debts, and that the landes alſo ſhould be diuided into equall partes: so that from the valley of Pallena vnto mount Taugetus, and vnto the cities of Malea, and Selasia, there ſhould be foure thowſand fiue hundred partes, […]

### Adjective

cleer (comparative cleerer, superlative cleerest)
* Obsolete spelling of clear.

### Anagrams

* Creel, creel
# Sao Tomeans
## English
### Noun

Sao Tomeans
* plural of Sao Tomean

### Anagrams

* anastomose
# cytadelą
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sɘ.taˈdɛ.lɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɛlɔw̃
* Syllabification: cy‧ta‧de‧lą

### Noun

cytadelą
* instrumental singular of cytadela
# condescending
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈkɔn.dɪ.sɛnd.ɪŋ/, /ˈkɔnˌdi.sɛnd.ɪŋ/
* (US) IPA: /ˌkɑndəˈsɛndɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ

### Adjective

condescending (comparative more condescending, superlative most condescending)
* Assuming a tone of superiority, or a patronizing attitude.
    Quit talking to me in that condescending tone! You always treat me like a child!
** 1946, William Hatfield, Buffalo Jim, Oxford: Geoffrey Cumberlege, page 70:The housekeeper, a very decorative brunette of thirty-five with a pseudo-English accent, greeted him with a mixture of grateful effusion and condescending patronage.
** 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL, number 948, page 3:As for the IRP, Secretary of State Grant Shapps continues to peddle snake oil, smoke and mirrors. His reaction to near-universal IRP condemnation from politicians, local and national media, and all but a few rail specialists was to dismiss the lot of us (in the condescending and patronising tone we have now come to expect) as "critics and naysayers".

#### Synonyms

* (assuming a tone of superiority): patronizing

#### Derived terms

* condescendingly
* condescendingness
* uncondescending

#### Related terms

* condescendence
* condescension

#### Translations
### Verb

condescending
* present participle and gerund of condescend
# gynarchy
## English
### Etymology

From gyn- +‎ -archy.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡaɪˌnɑːki/, /ˈdʒaɪ-/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɡaɪˌnɑɹki/

### Noun

gynarchy (countable and uncountable, plural gynarchies)
* (politics, countable) A government ruled by a woman or women.
** 1759 February 2, Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, Letters Written by the Late Right Honourable Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, to His Son, Philip Stanhope, Esq.; Late Envoy Extraordinary to the Court of Dresden, volume II, Dublin: Eugenia Stanhope, published 1774, page 447:But I have always ſome hopes of a change under a Gunarchy ; where whim and humour commonly prevail, reaſon very ſeldom, and then only by a lucky miſtake.
** 1839, MGM, “The Bachelor Beset”, in Southern Literary Messenger, volume V, Richmond: Thos. W. White, page 753:Though no ways anti-matrimonial, this faithful servitor was not particularly desirous of serving under a gynarchy, while on the other hand he was not destitute of feelings of gratitude for services rendered him by Miss Bud, which he endeavored to maintain consistently with fidelity to his master.
* (politics, uncountable) Government by a woman or women.
** 1836, Seventh Annual Report of the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society, Boston: Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society, published 1840, page 26:They did not band themselves together for or against anarchy or gynarchy, monarchy or hierarchy, or any form of civil or religious government, but simply against slavery.

#### Synonyms

* matriarchy
* gynecocracy

#### Derived terms

* gynarchic
# magat
## English
### Noun

magat (plural magats)
* Alternative form of MAGAt

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay megat.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈmaɡat/ [ˈmaː.ɣɐt̪̚]
* Rhymes: -aɡat
* Syllabification: ma‧gat

### Noun

magat (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜄᜆ᜔)
* (historical) title given to particular nobility
* (military) major (military rank)

### See also

* pamagat

### Further reading

* Magat Salamat on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# تفسیر
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic تَفْسِير (tafsīr, “interpretation”).

### Noun

تفسیر • (tefsir)
* commentary
* (Islam) tafsir (interpretation of the Qur'an)
* an explanatory phrase

#### Descendants

* Turkish: tefsir
# баъсӣ
## Tajik
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَعْثِيّ (baʕṯiyy). By surface analysis, Баъс (Baʾs) +‎ -ӣ (-i).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baʔsi/, [bäʔ.si]

### Adjective

баъсӣ • (baʾsi) (Persian spelling بعثی)
* Baathist
# cicer
## Latin
### Etymology

A Wanderwort akin to Old Armenian սիսեռն (siseṙn, “chickpea”), Ancient Macedonian κίκερροι (kíkerrhoi, “chickpea”), perhaps also Ancient Greek κριός (kriós, “a variety of chickpea”). Compare also Old Georgian ცერცჳ (cercwi, “broad bean; Vicia faba”), whence Georgian ცერცვი (cercvi).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈki.ker/, [ˈkɪkɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃi.t͡ʃer/, [ˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃer]

### Noun

cicer n (genitive ciceris); third declension
* chickpea
** Columella, Res Rustica, 2.10.19.
    Cicer aut cicercula, quae piso est similis, mense Ianuario aut Februario seri debet laeto loco caelo umidoThe chickpea or the chickling-vetch, which has a resemblance to the pea, should be sown in January or February in rich soil if the weather is moist.
* (slang) testicle
** Juvenal, Satires, 6.373.
    Ergo expectatos ac iussos crescere primum testiculos, postquam coeperunt esse bilibres, tonsoris tantum damno rapit Heliodorus. Mangonum pueros vera ac miserabilis urit debilitas, follisque pudet cicerisque relicti.Therefore, the testicles were expected and ordered to grow. After they began to weigh two pounds, Heliodorus tore them off to the detriment of the barber. The loss was real and miserable for the boys of the slave-mongers, it shamed them to be left with only a small purse and a chickpea.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* cicercula
* Cicerō
* ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cicerō
** Catalan: cigró, ciuró

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: cìxiri
* Balkano-Romance:
** Aromanian: tseatsiri
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Dalmatian: cič
** Italian: cece, ⇒ cecio
*** → Romanian: cece
** Sicilian: cìciru
** ⇒ Venetan: cexarìna
* Gallo-Italic:
** Ligurian: çéixou
** Piedmontese: cèis, cise
* Gallo-Romance:
** Occitan: céser
** Old French: ceire, çoire, cice
*** ⇒ French: pois chiche
**** → English: chickpea
* Ibero-Romance:
** Mozarabic: *čičar
*** → Catalan: xítxero
*** → Galician: chícharo
*** → Spanish: chícharo
*** → Portuguese: chícharo
* Borrowings:
** → Albanian: qiqër, qiq
** → Proto-West Germanic: *kikerā (see there for further descendants)
** → Tashelhit: ikikr

### References

* “cicer”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “cicer”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* cicer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# chałupiną
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xa.wuˈpi.nɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -inɔw̃
* Syllabification: cha‧łu‧pi‧ną

### Noun

chałupiną
* instrumental singular of chałupina
# государство
## Russian
### Alternative spellings

* (abbreviation) гос-во (gos-vo)

### Etymology

госуда́рь (gosudárʹ, “sovereign”) +‎ -ство (-stvo)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡəsʊˈdarstvə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

госуда́рство • (gosudárstvo) n inan (genitive госуда́рства, nominative plural госуда́рства, genitive plural госуда́рств, relational adjective госуда́рственный)
* (government) State
    Пока́ есть госуда́рство, нет свобо́ды. Когда́ бу́дет свобо́да, не бу́дет госуда́рства. (Влади́мир Ле́нин)Poká jestʹ gosudárstvo, net svobódy. Kogdá búdet svobóda, ne búdet gosudárstva. (Vladímir Lénin)While the State exists, there can be no freedom. When there is freedom there will be no State. (Vladimir Lenin)

#### Related terms

* госуда́рство-изго́й (gosudárstvo-izgój)

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Kalmyk: государств (gosudarstv)
* → Yakut: судаарыстыба (sudaarıstıba), государство (gosudarstvo)
# კონვერტი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From French, via Russian конверт (konvert).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼonʷeɾtʼi]

### Noun

კონვერტი • (ḳonverṭi) (plural კონვერტები)
* envelope

#### Declension

Declension of კონვერტი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | კონვერტი (ḳonverṭi) | კონვერტები (ḳonverṭebi) | კონვერტნი (ḳonverṭni) |
| ergative | კონვერტმა (ḳonverṭma) | კონვერტებმა (ḳonverṭebma) | კონვერტთ(ა) (ḳonverṭt(a)) |
| dative | კონვერტს(ა) (ḳonverṭs(a)) | კონვერტებს(ა) (ḳonverṭebs(a)) | კონვერტთ(ა) (ḳonverṭt(a)) |
| genitive | კონვერტის(ა) (ḳonverṭis(a)) | კონვერტების(ა) (ḳonverṭebis(a)) | კონვერტთ(ა) (ḳonverṭt(a)) |
| instrumental | კონვერტით(ა) (ḳonverṭit(a)) | კონვერტებით(ა) (ḳonverṭebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | კონვერტად(ა) (ḳonverṭad(a)) | კონვერტებად(ა) (ḳonverṭebad(a)) | |
| vocative | კონვერტო (ḳonverṭo) | კონვერტებო (ḳonverṭebo) | კონვერტნო (ḳonverṭno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of კონვერტი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | კონვერტზე (ḳonverṭze) | კონვერტებზე (ḳonverṭebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | კონვერტთან (ḳonverṭtan) | კონვერტებთან (ḳonverṭebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | კონვერტში (ḳonverṭši) | კონვერტებში (ḳonverṭebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | კონვერტივით (ḳonverṭivit) | კონვერტებივით (ḳonverṭebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | კონვერტისთვის (ḳonverṭistvis) | კონვერტებისთვის (ḳonverṭebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | კონვერტისებრ (ḳonverṭisebr) | კონვერტებისებრ (ḳonverṭebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | კონვერტისკენ (ḳonverṭisḳen) | კონვერტებისკენ (ḳonverṭebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | კონვერტისგან (ḳonverṭisgan) | კონვერტებისგან (ḳonverṭebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | კონვერტისადმი (ḳonverṭisadmi) | კონვერტებისადმი (ḳonverṭebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | კონვერტიდან (ḳonverṭidan) | კონვერტებიდან (ḳonverṭebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | კონვერტითურთ (ḳonverṭiturt) | კონვერტებითურთ (ḳonverṭebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | კონვერტამდე (ḳonverṭamde) | კონვერტებამდე (ḳonverṭebamde) |
# bahhan
## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* bachan

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *bakan.

### Verb

bahhan
* to bake

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: bachen