# ferir
## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* firir
* ḥerir

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Leonese ferir, firir, from Latin ferire

### Verb

ferir (first-person singular indicative present fero, past participle feríu)
* to injure,hurt
    Synonym: mancar
* to beat, hit

#### Related terms

* ferida

### References

* "ferir" in Diccionario General de la Lengua Asturiana (DGLA)

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin ferīre (compare Occitan ferir, French férir, Spanish herir), of Proto-Indo-European origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [fəˈɾi]
* IPA: (Valencia) [feˈɾiɾ]

### Verb

ferir (first-person singular present fereixo, first-person singular preterite ferí, past participle ferit)
* to injure, to wound
* to hurt (emotionally)

#### Derived terms

* ferida
* malferir

### Further reading

* “ferir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “ferir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “ferir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “ferir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* firir, frir

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferir, from Latin ferīre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /feˈɾiɾ/

### Verb

ferir (first-person singular present firo, third-person singular present fere, first-person singular preterite ferín, past participle ferido) ferir (first-person singular present firo, third-person singular present fere, first-person singular preterite ferim or feri, past participle ferido, reintegrationist norm)
* to injure, wound
* (dated) to hit, strike, beat
** c1295, R. Lorenzo (1975), La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla. Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 111:
    Et sua oraçõ acabada, baixarõ as lãças et forõ ferir ẽnos mouros et chamãdo "Sanctiago!"After they finished their prayer, they lowered their spears and went to hit the Moors while shouting "Saint James!"

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* ferida
* ferido

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “ferir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ferir”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ferir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ferir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ferir”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French ferir, from Latin ferīre.

### Verb

ferir
* to hit; to strike

#### Synonyms

* frapper, fraper
* assommer

#### Descendants

* French: férir

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin ferīre.

### Verb

ferir
* to hit, to strike, to pierce
** c. 1250, Marie de France, Equitan:m'est une anguisse el quer ferue, ki tut le cors me fet tremblerSuch a pain has pierced my heart, that makes my whole body quiver

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem fier distinct from the unstressed stem fer, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

#### Descendants

* Middle French: ferir
** French: férir

## Old Leonese
### Alternative forms

* firir (Asturias)

### Etymology

From Latin ferīre.

### Verb

ferir
* to hurt, injure
** 1017, Fuero de León‎:Se algun omne ferir a otroIf a man hurts another
** 1295, Fuero o Carta Puebla de Oviedo‎:Etsi al canpo yxieren et non se firieren(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1296, Fuero de Çamora‎:Omne que a otro omne ferir, vaya el ferido o demuestre elas feridas a bonos omens [...] Todo omne que ferir a otro omne seguro con cuchielo o con otra arma qual quier de que lo livore, muerra por ello(If a) man injures another man, the injured will go to show the injuries to good men [...] Any man who injures another man with a knife or any other weapon that injuries him, dies for it.

#### Descendants

* Asturian: firir, ferir
* Leonese: ferir

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ferir, from Latin ferīre, of Proto-Indo-European origin.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [feˈɾi(h)], /fiˈɾi(ʁ)/ [fiˈɾi(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [feˈɾi(h)], /fiˈɾi(ʁ)/ [fiˈɾi(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /feˈɾi(ɾ)/, /fiˈɾi(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [feˈɾi(χ)], /fiˈɾi(ʁ)/ [fiˈɾi(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /feˈɾi(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɨˈɾiɾ/, (with elision) /ˈfɾiɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɨˈɾiɾ/, (with elision) /ˈfɾiɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /fɨˈɾi.ɾi/, (with elision) /ˈfɾi.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: fe‧rir

### Verb

ferir (first-person singular present firo, third-person singular present fere, first-person singular preterite feri, past participle ferido)
* to hurt, injure