# 鑾

| 鑾 | U+947E, &#38014; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-947E |
| ← 鑽 [U+947D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鑿 → [U+947F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鑾 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+19, 27 strokes, cangjie input 女火金 (VFC), four-corner 2210$_9$, composition ⿱龻金)
* bells hung on a horse

#### Derived characters

* 𬉲, 𨰼

#### Descendants

* 銮 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1327, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41083
* Dae Jaweon: page 1828, character 32
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4277, character 1
* Unihan data for U+947E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 鑾
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 蠻 | *mroːn |
| 矕 | *mroːnʔ |
| 變 | *prons |
| 鸞 | *b·roːn |
| 巒 | *b·roːn |
| 灤 | *b·roːn |
| 欒 | *b·roːn |
| 鑾 | *b·roːn |
| 臠 | *b·roːn, *b·ronʔ |
| 羉 | *b·roːn |
| 䜌 | *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons |
| 灓 | *b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons |
| 圝 | *b·roːn |
| 曫 | *b·roːn |
| 孿 | *smroːns, *smrons |
| 彎 | *qroːn |
| 灣 | *qroːn |
| 攣 | *b·ron |
| 孌 | *b·ronʔ, *b·rons |
| 戀 | *b·rons |
| 㪻 | *pʰlons, *klons |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luán (luan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): làn
    (Hailu, HRS): lan
* Eastern Min (BUC): luàng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): luang$^2$ / luong$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): loân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): luang$^5$ / luêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luán
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luán
*** Wade–Giles: luan$^2$
*** Yale: lwán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
*** Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯än³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lyun$^4$
*** Yale: lyùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lün$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lyːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: làn
*** Hakka Romanization System: lan$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: lan
*** Sinological IPA: /lan⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: luàng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃uaŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: luang$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: luáng
*** Sinological IPA : /luaŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: luong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /luoŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loân
*** Tâi-lô: luân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loaan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /luan²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /luan²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /luan²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: luang$^5$ / luêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: luâng / luêng
*** Sinological IPA : /luaŋ⁵⁵/, /lueŋ⁵⁵/
* luang5 - Shantou;
* luêng5 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: lwan
Rime :
| Character | 鑾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 落官切 |
| Baxter | lwan |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lʷɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lwan/ |
| Li Rong | /luɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /luɑn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | luán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m]ə.rˤon/
    (Zhengzhang): /*b·roːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鑾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | luán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lwan › |
| Old Chinese | /*[m]ə.rˁon/ |
| English | harness bells |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鑾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8617 |
| Phonetic component |  |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鑾 |
| Old Chinese | /*b·roːn/ |
| Notes | 金文作 |

### Definitions

鑾
* a bell attached to a carriage
* the carriage of the emperor

#### Descendants

* → Thai: พรวน (pruuan, “bell tied around the neck of an animal”)

#### Compounds

* 半朝鑾駕 / 半朝銮驾
* 回鑾 / 回銮
* 打鑾駕 / 打銮驾
* 裝鑾 / 装銮
* 金鑾 / 金銮
* 金鑾殿 / 金銮殿
* 鑾輿 / 銮舆 (luányú)
* 鑾鈴 / 銮铃 (luánlíng)
* 鑾駕 / 銮驾 (luánjià)
* 隨鑾 / 随銮
* 鳴鑾 / 鸣銮
* 鵝鑾鼻 / 鹅銮鼻 (Éluánbí)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bell(s) attached to an emperor's carriage
* emperor's carriage
* emperor

#### Readings

* Go-on: らん (ran)
* Kan-on: らん (ran)
* Kun: すず (suzu, 鑾)

## Korean
### Hanja

鑾 • (ran>nan) (hangeul 란>난, revised ran>nan, McCune–Reischauer ran>nan, Yale lan>nan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鑾: Hán Nôm readings: loan
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.