# груша
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* hruša — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gruša. Cognate with Russian гру́ша (grúša), Ukrainian гру́ша (hrúša).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɣruʂa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

гру́ша • (hrúša) f inan (genitive гру́шы, nominative plural гру́шы, genitive plural груш)
* (botany) pear (fruit or tree)
* (sports) punching bag (boxing equipment of such shape)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

#### Derived terms

* грушападо́бны (hrušapadóbny)

### References

* “груша” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gruša, a variant of *kruša.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡruʂə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

гру́ша • (grúša) f inan (genitive гру́ши, nominative plural гру́ши, genitive plural груш, relational adjective гру́шевый, diminutive гру́шка)
* (botany) pear (fruit or tree)
** 1893, Антон Чехов [Anton Chekhov], “VIII”, in Рассказ неизвестного человека; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., An Anonymous Story, 1917:Когда́ я верну́лся домо́й, Зинаи́да Фёдоровна лежа́ла в гости́ной на софе́ и е́ла гру́шу.Kogdá ja vernúlsja domój, Zinaída Fjódorovna ležála v gostínoj na sofé i jéla grúšu.When I reached home Zinaida Fyodorovna was lying on the sofa in the drawing-room, eating a pear.
** 1905, Фёдор Сологуб [Fyodor Sologub], chapter III, in Мелкий бес; English translation from John Cournos and Richard Aldington, transl., The Little Demon, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1916:Они́ посиде́ли обня́вшись, пото́м опя́ть запляса́ли. И так не́сколько раз повторя́лось: то попля́шут, то отдохну́т под гру́шею, на скаме́ечке и́ли пря́мо на траве́.Oní posidéli obnjávšisʹ, potóm opjátʹ zapljasáli. I tak néskolʹko raz povtorjálosʹ: to popljášut, to otdoxnút pod grúšeju, na skaméječke íli prjámo na travé.They sat a while in each other's embrace, then got up and once more began to dance. This they repeated several times: now they danced, now they rested under the pear tree, upon the bench, or simply on the grass.
* (sports) punching bag (boxing equipment of such shape)

#### Derived terms

* грушеви́дный (gruševídnyj)

##### Phrases

* трясти́ как гру́шу impf (trjastí kak grúšu)

#### Descendants

* → Georgian: გრუშა (gruša, “punching bag”)
* → Yakut: груша (grusha, “pear”)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “груша”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

### Further reading

* Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “груша”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gruša, a variant of *kruša.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦruʃɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

гру́ша • (hrúša) f inan (genitive гру́ші, nominative plural гру́ші, genitive plural груш, relational adjective груше́вий)
* (botany) pear (fruit or tree)
    Synonym: гру́шка f (hrúška)
* (sports) punching bag (boxing equipment of such shape)

#### Derived terms

* гру́шка f (hrúška)
* грушоподі́бний (hrušopodíbnyj)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “груша”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “груша”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

## Yakut
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian груша (gruša).

### Noun

груша • (grusha)
* pear
    груша барыанньата ― grusha barıannyata ― pear jam