# minuo
## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *minuō, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small, little”), either *mi-néw-ti or *mi-néh₁-ti. Cognate with Sanskrit मीनाति (minā́ti, “to lessen, diminish, damage”) (also मिनोति (minóti)), Ancient Greek μινύθω (minúthō, “to lessen; to disappear”), Cornish minow (“to reduce”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐍃 (mins, “less”), Old Church Slavonic мьнйии (mĭnjii, “smaller, lesser, younger”), Tocharian B maiwe (“small, young”). Related to minor.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈmi.nu.oː/, [ˈmɪnuoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈmi.nu.o/, [ˈmiːnuo]

#### Verb

minuō (present infinitive minuere, perfect active minuī, supine minūtum); third conjugation
* to make smaller, lessen, diminish, reduce, minimize
    Synonyms: diminuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō
    Antonyms: augeō, amplificō, extendō, accumulō, cumulō, multiplicō
* to attenuate, appease, suppress, repress, quell
    Synonym: coerceo
* to dismember, tear apart, break
    Synonyms: findo, rumpo
* to restrict, confine, limit
    Synonyms: fīniō, līmitō, delīmitō, claudō, urgeō, moderor, inclūdō
    animos minuere ― to restrict the wrath
* to remove, subtract, detract
* to reduce the importance
* to undermine, weaken, debilitate, soften
    Synonyms: atterō, dēterō, frangō, effēminō, tenuō, cōnsūmō, afficiō
    Antonyms: firmō, cōnfirmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, sistō
* to eliminate, delete, remove
* (poetic) to cease, stop, give up

##### Descendants

(See also etymology 2.)
* → French: minuer
* → Interlingua: minuer
* → Italian: minuire
* → Portuguese: minuir
* → Spanish: minuir

#### References

* ↑ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 139
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “minor, -or, -us”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 381–382
* “minuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* minuo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
* “minuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* minuo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to increase a person's dignity: auctoritatem alicuius amplificare (opp. imminuere, minuere) to weaken, diminish a person's hope: spem alicui or alicuius minuere to retrench: sumptum minuere

### Etymology 2

Reassignment of etymology 1 to the first conjugation. Attested from the fourth century CE.

#### Verb

minuō (present infinitive minuāre, perfect active minuāvī, supine minuātum); first conjugation (Late Latin)
* Alternative form of minuō

##### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: menovare (archaic)
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: minvar
** Old Occitan:
*** Old Gascon: mingar
**** ⇒ Gascon: demingar, dimingar
*** ⇒ Occitan: demingar
*** ⇒ Old Occitan: menuensa (hapax)
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: minguar
** Asturian: menguar
** Old Galician-Portuguese: menguar, minguar, mengar, mingar
*** Galician: minguar
*** Portuguese: minguar
** Spanish: menguar

#### References

* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “mĭnuĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 6/2: Mercatio–Mneme, page 126

## Serbo-Croatian
### Participle

minuo (Cyrillic spelling минуо)
* masculine singular active past participle of minuti