# pa-
## Albanian
### Etymology

Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”),[1] Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa/

### Prefix

pa-
* A negating prefix; un-, in-

#### Derived terms
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.

### Prefix

pa-
* pseudo-
    Synonym: pseudo-

#### Derived terms

* pakobylka
* paroží
* patvar

### Further reading

* pa- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

## Hawaiian
### Prefix

pa-
* Alternative spelling of pā-

## Latvian
### Prefix

pa-
* Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-)).

#### Derived terms
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɐ], [paː]

### Prefix

pa-
* Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':
** (with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-
** (with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action
** (with verbs) Describes an action's smallness
** (with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something
** (with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb
** (with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to
** (with nouns) Describes approximate time

#### Derived terms
### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “po”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 368-9

## Makasar
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.

### Prefix

pa-
* causative prefix

#### Derived terms
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa/
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

pa-
* (not productive) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words
    ‎pa- + ‎łęk → ‎pałąk

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* pa- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovak
### Prefix

pa-
* pseudo-

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “pa-”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *pà-.

#### Prefix

pa-
* The prefix for noun class 16 denoting locatives (position at a place).

##### See also

* Appendix:Swahili noun classes

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *pá-.

#### Prefix

pa-
* there, pa class$_{(XVI)}$ subject concord
* verb-initial form of -pa- (“there, pa class$_{(XVI)}$ object concord”)

##### See also

For a full table including first and second person, see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

### Etymology 3
#### Prefix

pa-
* Contraction of pa- + -a- (“pa class$_{(XVI)}$ gnomic”).

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *pa-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.

### Prefix

pa- (Baybayin spelling ᜉ)
* adverbial prefix - indicates process of performing the action of the verb
    ‎pa- + ‎punta (“destination”) → ‎papunta (“be coming/ be going/ be arriving/ be on the way”)
    ‎pa- + ‎tapos (“end”) → ‎patapos (“be about to end”)
    Patapos na ang pelikula.The movie is about to end.
* reduced form of paki- or magpa-
    Patapon naman 'to sa basurahan.Could you please throw this to the trash can?
* noun prefix - indicates an object that is ordered or requested to be processed according to the root word
    ‎pa- + ‎dala (“carry”) → ‎padala (“remittance/ package [an object that is requested to be brought or sent]”)
    ‎pa- + ‎piging (“a banquet”) → ‎papiging (“a banquet that is organized by someone [usually followed by "ng organization" or "ni name of person"]”)
* (informal) indication of direction
    Pa-Espanya ako.I'm heading for Spain.

#### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* AP

## Volapük
### Prefix

pa-
* Used to form the (present infinitive and present tense) passive voice forms of verbs.
    numön (“to count”) → panumön (“to be counted”)