OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# марец
## Pannonian Rusyn

Months of the year :
| Previous: | фебруар (februar) |
| Next: | април (april) |

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak marec, ultimately from Latin Mārtius. Cognate with Slovak marec and Carpathian Rusyn and Ukrainian ма́рець (márecʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmarɛt͡s]
* Rhymes: -arɛt͡s
* Hyphenation: ма‧рец

### Noun

марец (marec) m inan (related adjective марцов)
* March

#### Declension
### See also

* януар (januar)
* фебруар (februar)
* марец (marec)
* април (april)
* май (maj)
* юни (juni) ~ юний (junij)
* юли (juli) ~ юлий (julij)
* авґуст (avgust)
* септембер (september)
* октобер (oktober)
* новембер (november)
* децембер (december)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “марец”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “March”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 173
# ylbere
## Albanian
### Noun

ylbere
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of ylber
# gà
## Cornish
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɡə/

### Determiner

gà
* (Standard Cornish) Short for aga.

## Mandarin
### Alternative forms

* ga — nonstandard

### Romanization

gà (ga$^4$, Zhuyin ㄍㄚˋ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 尬
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 骱

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* (North Central Vietnam) ga (with lenition)
* (North Central Vietnam) ca (no lenition)

### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *r-kaː. Cognate with Muong Bi ca, Thavung กา. Compare Khmer រកា (rɔkaa, “Year of the Rooster”).
The sense of "inexperienced" comes from a ranking in the video game Gunbound.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ɣaː˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ɣaː˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ɣaː˨˩]
* Audio (Saigon):(file)

### Noun

(classifier con) gà • (鷄, 雞, 猗, 鵸, 𤠄, 𪂮, 𪃴, 𪃿)
* chicken (bird)
    gà chọi ― gamecock
    Khôn ngoan đối đáp người ngoài. Gà cùng một mẹ chớ hoài đá nhau.If you think you're so smart, engage outsiders. We're chicks who share a mother, so don't fight each other.

#### Derived terms

* cánh gà
* gà ác
* gà bới
* gà công nghiệp
* gà gô
* gà lôi
* gà mờ
* gà qué
* gà ri
* gà rù
* gà sao
* gà so
* gà ta
* gà tây
* gà tiền
* gà vịt
* ho gà
* lưỡi gà
* mèo mả gà đồng
* nhìn gà hoá cuốc
* quáng gà

### Adjective

gà
* (slang) inexperienced or unskilled; newbie
    Thằng này gà quá! Coi anh mày làm này!You're so weak! Watch me, the expert, in action!

### Verb

gà
* (card games) to up the ante
    Gà lần nào cũng thua thì đánh làm gì.Every time you/they up the ante, you/they lose, so why bother?
* to give away an answer (e.g., to a math exercise)
    Để em nó tự làm toán, anh đừng gà cho nó.Let him/her solve the math problem on his/her own; don't give the answer away.
* (board games) to give a hint or tip; to forgo a turn
    Cờ đương bí, ông ấy chỉ gà cho một nước mà thành thắng.In a stalemate, he gave up a single turn which meant giving up a victory.

#### Usage notes

The sense of "upping the ante" is primarily used in traditional Vietnamese card games such as tổ tôm, tài bàn, and chắn.

### References

* ↑ 2021 June 14, Mặt Trứng, “Phá đảo, gà, ra chợ và nguồn gốc của những thuật ngữ mà chỉ các game thủ thế hệ 8-9x mới hiểu được”, in GameK.vn‎:Thế nên, ở thời điểm bấy giờ, nếu như gặp phải một đối thủ có hình "gà con" trong game, đa số người chơi đều mặc định luôn đó là những gã có kỹ năng tệ hại, và từ đó, thuật ngữ gà ra đời.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# bibelsk
## Danish
### Etymology

From bibel +‎ -sk.

### Adjective

bibelsk
* biblical

#### Inflection

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

### References

* “bibelsk” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From bibel +‎ -sk.

### Adjective

bibelsk (neuter singular bibelsk, definite singular and plural bibelske)
* biblical

### References

* “bibelsk” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From bibel +‎ -sk.

### Adjective

bibelsk (neuter singular bibelsk, definite singular and plural bibelske)
* biblical

### References

* “bibelsk” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# ਮਰਾਸੀ
## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* ਮਿਰਾਸੀ (mirāsī)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مِيرَاث (mīrāṯ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [məɾaːsiː]

### Proper noun

ਮਰਾਸੀ • (marāsī) m (Shahmukhi spelling مراثی)
* Mirasi

### References

* “ਮਰਾਸੀ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
* Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਮਰਾਸੀ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
# Nargil

* A user has added this entry to requests for verification with the reason: “again, non-attested OHG name, non-attested German name, spurious etymologies”
* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

## Old High German
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *Nargil, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *Nargilaz. By surface analysis, nerien (“to save”) +‎ il (“diminutive suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Proper noun

Nargil
* a male given name

#### Descendants

* German: Nargell (see further descendants)
* → Belarusian: Наргайла (Narhajla)
* → Lithuanian: Norgaila
* → Polish: Nargiełło
* → Russian: Норгайло (Norgajlo)
* → Ukrainian: Норгайло (Norhajlo)
# reformer
## English
### Etymology

From reform +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)mə(ɹ)

### Noun

reformer (plural reformers)
* One who reforms, or who works for reform.
* (historical, Christianity) One who was involved in the Reformation.
** 1593, Gabriel Harvey, Pierces Supererogation: Or A New Prayse of the Old Asse, London: […] Iohn Wolfe, →OCLC; republished as John Payne Collier, editor, Pierces Supererogation: Or A New Prayse of the Old Asse. A Preparative to Certaine Larger Discourses, Intituled Nashes S. Fame (Miscellaneous Tracts. Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I; no. 8), [London: [s.n.], 1870], →OCLC, page 127:[…] for I long to ſee a larke without a creaſt, and would travaile farre to diſcoover a reformer without a fault, […]
* (chemical engineering, fuel cells) A device which converts hydrocarbons into a hydrogen-rich mixture of gases.
** 2004, Evelyn Brown, “Argonne tests and creates the fuel cells to power the future”, in Evelyn Brown, editor, Logos‎, volume 22, number 1, page 15:The fuel reformer works somewhat like catalytic converters in cars. In the gasoline reformer, vaporized gasoline is mixed with steam and air before traveling through a cylinder packed with the new Argonne catalyst. The result is a hydrogen-rich gas that is further processed in subsequent chemical steps and is then fed to the fuel cell.
* (petrochemistry) A device used to convert petroleum refinery naphthas, typically having low octane ratings, into high-octane liquid products called reformates.
** 1979 December, Alaska Petrochemical Company, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Draft[:] Environmental Impact Statement‎, page 29:Deisohexanizer bottoms are routed to the continuous reformer, where the octane of the stream is upgraded chiefly by conversion of naphthenes and paraffins to high octane aromatic compounds.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “one who reforms”): traditionalist

#### Derived terms

* catalytic reformer
* spelling reformer

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* rereform

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

reformer
* to reform, to get/put back together

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: reforme (via past participle)

### Further reading

* “reformer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* Comment-conjuguer.fr - online conjugation of "reformer"

## Latin
### Verb

refōrmer
* first-person singular present passive subjunctive of refōrmō

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

reformer m
* indefinite plural of reform

### Verb

reformer
* imperative of reformere

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

reformer f
* indefinite plural of reform

## Swedish
### Noun

reformer
* indefinite plural of reform
# Bandar Seri Begawan
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan. Literally: "Port/City of the Revered Ruler".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌbɑːndəɹ sɪˌɹiː bɪˈɡaʊ.ən/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan
* The capital city of Brunei.

#### Translations
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bandar sɛrɪ bɛɡavan]

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan m inan
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

#### Declension
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑ̃.daʁ se.ʁi be.ɡa.wan/
* Audio (Switzerland):(file)

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan m
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan n (proper noun, genitive Bandar Seri Begawans or (optionally with an article) Bandar Seri Begawan)
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

## Malay
### Etymology

From bandar (“town”) +‎ seri +‎ begawan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /banda(r) səri bəɡawan/

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan (Jawi spelling بندر سري بݢاوان)
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)

## Portuguese
### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan
* Alternative spelling of Bandar Seri Begauã

## Slovak
### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan ?
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital of Brunei)

### References

* “Bandar Seri Begawan”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay Bandar Seri Begawan.

### Proper noun

Bandar Seri Begawan m
* Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)
# Paramaribo
## English
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /pɑɹəˈmɑːɹɪbəʊ/
* (US) IPA: /ˌpɑɹəˈmɑɹəˌboʊ/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Proper noun

Paramaribo
* The capital city of Suriname.

#### Translations
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈparamarɪbo]

### Proper noun

Paramaribo n (relational adjective paramaribský)
* Paramaribo (the capital city of Suriname)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Paramaribo”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

The initial element is from a Tupi-Guarani word related to Old Tupi pará (“sea, wide river”) and refers to the Suriname River; the settlement was founded on its western (left) bank. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paːraːˈmaːriboː/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Paramaribo ?
* Paramaribo (the capital city of Suriname)

#### Derived terms

* Paramariboër
* Paramariboos
* Paramaribop

## Japanese
### Romanization

Paramaribo
* Rōmaji transcription of パラマリボ

## Portuguese
### Proper noun

Paramaribo f
* Paramaribo (the capital city of Suriname)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paɾamaˈɾibo/ [pa.ɾa.maˈɾi.β̞o], /paɾaˈmaɾibo/ [pa.ɾaˈma.ɾi.β̞o]
* Rhymes: -ibo, -aɾibo
* Syllabification: Pa‧ra‧ma‧ri‧bo

### Proper noun

Paramaribo ?
* Paramaribo (the capital city of Suriname)
# yeuk
## English
### Etymology 1

From (northern) Middle English *ȝuken, *ȝokken (suggested by Middle English ȝukynge, ȝokkyn (“itching”) and yuke (“an itching disease”)), from Middle Dutch jucken, jocken (“to itch”), from Old Dutch *jukken, from Proto-West Germanic *jukkjan (“to itch”). Doublet of itch.

#### Noun

yeuk (plural yeuks)
* (Scotland) itch, a prickly feeling

#### Verb

yeuk (third-person singular simple present yeuks, present participle yeuking, simple past and past participle yeuked)
* (Scotland) to itch, irritate the skin

#### Derived terms

* yeuky

#### Alternative forms

* euk, ewk, yook, youk

### Etymology 2

From Cantonese 約 / 约 (joek3).

#### Noun

yeuk (plural yeuks)
* (Hong Kong, dated) An administrative division.

##### Coordinate terms

* heung

### Anagrams

* yuke
# pilcrow
## English
### Etymology

Probably an alteration of Middle English pylcrafte, modification of Late Latin paragraphus.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɪl.kɹəʊ/
* (US) enPR: pĭl′-krō, IPA: /ˈpɪl.kɹoʊ/
* Rhymes: -əʊ

### Noun

pilcrow (plural pilcrows)
* The symbol ¶.
** A symbol designating the beginning of a new paragraph.
*** 2021, Claire Cock-Starkey, Hyphens & Hashtags, Bodleian Library, page 167:The pilcrow was a simple punctuation symbol used by medieval scribes to indicate the start and end of a paragraph.
** (typography) A symbol designating a paragraph break.

#### Synonyms

* paragraph character
* paragraph mark
* paragraph marker
* paragraph sign
* paragraph symbol

#### Derived terms

* silcrow
# انبعاث
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of اِنْبَعَثَ (inbaʕaṯa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /in.bi.ʕaːθ/
* Rhymes: -aːθ

### Noun

اِنْبِعَاث • (inbiʕāṯ) m
* verbal noun of اِنْبَعَثَ (inbaʕaṯa) (form VII)
** being sent, mission
** resurrection

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: انبعاث (inbi'as)
# محاريث
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.ħaː.riːθ/
* Rhymes: -iːθ

### Noun

مَحَارِيث • (maḥārīṯ) m pl
* plural of مِحْرَاث (miḥrāṯ)
# emblemists
## English
### Noun

emblemists
* plural of emblemist
# účinku
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuːt͡ʃinku]

### Noun

účinku
* genitive/dative/locative singular of účinok
# Endromis
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Endromis
* A taxonomic genus within the family Endromidae – Kentish glory.
# enfrenzied
## English
### Verb

enfrenzied
* simple past and past participle of enfrenzy
# astigmatismo
## Italian
### Noun

astigmatismo m (plural astigmatismi)
* (pathology, optics) astigmatism

#### Related terms

* astigmatico

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /as.t͡ʃiɡ.maˈt͡ʃiz.mu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /as.t͡ʃiɡ.maˈt͡ʃiz.mu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aʃ.t͡ʃiɡ.maˈt͡ʃiʒ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /as.t͡ʃiɡ.maˈt͡ʃiz.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐʃ.ti.ɡmɐˈtiʒ.mu/ [ɐʃ.ti.ɣmɐˈtiʒ.mu]
* Hyphenation: as‧tig‧ma‧tis‧mo

### Noun

astigmatismo m (plural astigmatismos)
* (optics) astigmatism (defect of a lens such that it doesn’t have a focal point)
* (ophthalmology) astigmatism (inability of the eye to focus)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /astiɡmaˈtismo/ [as.t̪iɣ̞.maˈt̪iz.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: as‧tig‧ma‧tis‧mo

### Noun

astigmatismo m (plural astigmatismos)
* (optics) astigmatism (defect of a lens such that it doesn’t have a focal point)
* (ophthalmology) astigmatism (inability of the eye to focus)

#### Related terms

* astigmático

### Further reading

* “astigmatismo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish astigmatismo.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔastiɡmaˈtismo/ [ʔɐs.t̪ɪɡ.mɐˈt̪is.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: as‧tig‧ma‧tis‧mo

### Noun

astigmatismo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜐ᜔ᜆᜒᜄ᜔ᜋᜆᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)
* (optics) astigmatism (defect of a lens such that it doesn’t have a focal point)
* (ophthalmology, pathology) astigmatism (inability of the eye to focus)

### Further reading

* “astigmatismo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# tongvis
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From tong +‎ vis.

### Noun

tongvis (plural tongvisse)
* sole (fish)
# כולה
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /kuˈla/

### Pronoun

כולה / כֻּלָּהּ • (kuláh) m
* form of כָּל (kol)‎ with third-person feminine singular personal pronoun as possessor: all of her, all of it
# כולנו
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /kuˈla.nu/

### Pronoun

כולנו / כֻּלָּנוּ • (kulánu) m pl or f pl
* form of כָּל (kol)‎ with first-person plural personal pronoun as possessor: all of us
# yzengjitë
## Albanian
### Noun

yzengjitë
* definite nominative/accusative plural of yzengji
# हु
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* হু (Assamese script)
* ᬳᬸ (Balinese script)
* হু (Bengali script)
* 𑰮𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀳𑀼 (Brahmi script)
* ဟု (Burmese script)
* હુ (Gujarati script)
* ਹੁ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌹𑍁 (Grantha script)
* ꦲꦸ (Javanese script)
* 𑂯𑂳 (Kaithi script)
* ಹು (Kannada script)
* ហុ (Khmer script)
* ຫຸ (Lao script)
* ഹു (Malayalam script)
* ᡥᡠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘮𑘳 (Modi script)
* ᠾᠤ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧎𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐴𑐸 (Newa script)
* ହୁ (Odia script)
* ꢲꢸ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆲𑆶 (Sharada script)
* 𑖮𑖲 (Siddham script)
* හු (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪂𑩒 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚩𑚰 (Takri script)
* ஹு (Tamil script)
* హు (Telugu script)
* หุ (Thai script)
* ཧུ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒯𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨱𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰaw-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaw-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɦu/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɦu/

### Root

हु • (hu)
* to sprinkle on
* to sacrifice
* to offer an oblation

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* जुहोति (juhóti, Present)
* होष्यति (hoṣyáti, Future)
* होता (hotā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अहौषीत् (áhauṣīt, Aorist)
* हूयात् (hūyāt, Benedictive)
* जुहाव (juhāva, Perfect)
* जुहवांचकार (juhavā́ṃcakāra, Periphrastic Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* हूयते (hūyáte, Passive)
* अहावि (áhāvi, Passive Aorist)
* हावयति (hāvayati, Causative)
* अजूहवत् (ajūhavat, Causative Aorist)
* जुहूषति (juhūṣati, Desiderative)
* जोहवीति (johavīti, Intensive)
* जोहूयते (johūyate, Intensive)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* हुत (hutá, Past Participle)
* होतुम् (hótum, Infinitive)
* होतोस् (hótos, Infinitive)
* होतवै (hótavái, Infinitive)
* हुत्वा (hutvā, Gerund)
* हव्य (havyá, Gerundive)
* होतव्य (hotavyà, Gerundive)
* जुहूषु (juhūṣu, Desiderative Participle)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* हविस् (havís)
* हुत् (hut)
* हुति (huti)
* होतृ (hótṛ)
* होत्र (hotrá)
* होत्रा (hótrā)
* होम (hóma)
* होमन् (hóman)

##### Prefixed Root Forms

* अभिहु (abhihu)
* आहु (āhu)
* उपहु (upahu)
* प्रतिहु (pratihu)
* प्रहु (prahu)
* संहु (saṃhu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “हु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1300, column 3.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 206
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “hu”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “HAV”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 808-9
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*g̑ʰeu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 179
# full stop
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌfʊl ˈstɒp/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

full stop (plural full stops)
* (UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) The punctuation mark "." (indicating the end of a sentence or marking an abbreviation).
* (figurative) A decisive end to something.
** 2022 October 22, Wendy Ide, quoting Steven Spielberg, “‘It’s a way to bring my mum and dad back’: Steven Spielberg on the new wave of cine-memoirs”, in The Guardian‎:[S]pielberg was keen to stress that The Fabelmans is not a full stop: “It is not because I decided to retire, and this is my swan song, don’t believe that.”

#### Synonyms

* (indicating end of sentence) See period
* (marking an abbreviation) dot, point, -x
* (decisive end) hard stop

#### Derived terms

* Chinese full stop
* full-stop landing
* ideographic full stop
* Japanese full stop

#### See also

Punctuation
* apostrophe ( ' ) ( ’ )
* curly brackets or braces (US) ( { } )
* square brackets or brackets (US) ( [ ] )
* colon ( : )
* comma ( , )
* dashes ( ‒ ) ( – ) ( — ) ( ― )
* ellipsis ( … )
* exclamation mark ( ! )
* fraction slash ( ⁄ )
* guillemets ( « » ) ( ‹ › )
* hyphen ( - ) ( ‐ )
* interpunct ( · )
* interrobang (rare) ( ‽ )
* brackets or parentheses (US, Canada) ( ( ) )
* full stop or period (US, Canada) ( . )
* question mark ( ? )
* quotation marks (formal) ( ‘ ’ ‚ ) ( “ ” „ )
* quotation marks (informal, computing) ( " ) ( ' )
* semicolon ( ; )
* slash or stroke (UK) ( / )
* space ( ] [ )
* full stop on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Interjection

full stop
* (colloquial) Used to emphasize the end of an important statement or point when speaking to show something is not up for discussion or debate.
    We need more people to join IRC, full stop.

#### Synonyms

* (and nothing less): and that’s final, hard stop, that’s that, it’s as simple as that, period (North America), end of

#### See also

* dot dot dot
* question mark
# pisscutter
## English
### Etymology

From piss +‎ cutter. As side cap tends to easily fall off the head when bowing down, it cuts off the stream of urine when one looks down while urinating.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

pisscutter (plural pisscutters)
* (US, military, slang, vulgar) A side cap.
# чудила
## Russian
### Etymology

чуди́ть (čudítʹ, “to behave oddly”) +‎ -ла (-la)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ɕʉˈdʲiɫə]

### Noun

чуди́ла • (čudíla) f anim (genitive чуди́лы, nominative plural чуди́лы, genitive plural чуди́л)
* oddball, eccentric, weirdo
    Synonym: чуда́к (čudák)

#### Related terms

* чудакова́тый (čudakovátyj)
* чуда́чество (čudáčestvo)
* чу́до (čúdo)
* чудной (čudnoj)
# Layla
## English
### Etymology

One of many alternative spellings of a name transliterated from Arabic; see Leila for more information. Since the late 20th century, in English, this given name in this spelling is sometimes bestowed solely because the namegivers (usually parents of newborns) consider it euphonious, a theme true of many given names; Wikipedia at given name § Popularity discusses name choice motivations.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈleɪlə/
* Rhymes: -eɪlə

### Proper noun

Layla (plural Laylas)
* A female given name from Arabic, variant of Leila.
** 2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.3, at p.63:
    The blonde squinted at the screen. "I never heard the name Caelum before," she said. "Is it from the Bible?" "I shook my head. "Old family name." "Well, at least you weren't named after some stupid song on the radio." I squinted to read her name tag: Layla.

### Anagrams

* allay, yalla