# 바르다
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠ɾɯda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [바르다]

### Etymology 1

First attested as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᄅᆞ다〮 (pòlòtá) in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 6:10b, 1447.
Compare dialectal forms 보리다 (borida), 볼라다 (bollada).

#### Verb

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* (…을 …에, …을 …으로) to hang paper; to stick paper, cloth or the like with adhesive to a surface
    벽지를 벽에 바르다byeokji-reul byeog-e bareudato stick wallpaper on a wall
    한지를 바른 유리창hanji-reul bareun yurichanga windowpane papered (over) with hanji (traditional Korean paper)
    아이들 방을 예쁜 벽지로 발랐다.Ai-deul bang-eul yeppeun byeokji-ro ballatda.I papered the children's room with pretty wallpaper.
* (…을 …에, …을 …으로) to cover, plaster, cement; to attach to the surface of an object dirt, plaster or some other such substance
    흙을 벽에 바르다heulg-eul byeog-e bareudato plaster the wall with dirt
    벽의 구멍을 흙으로 발랐다.Byeog-ui gumeong-eul heulg-euro ballatda.I plastered the hole in the wall with dirt.
* (…에 …을) to apply, spread, rub, put on; to rub water, paste, medicine, cosmetics, etc. onto a surface
    상처에 약을 바르다sangcheo-e yag-eul bareudato paint a wound
    얼굴에 분을 바르다eolgur-e bun-eul bareudato powder one's face
    입술에 립스틱을 바르다ipsur-e ripseutig-eul bareudato rouge one's lips
    도자기에 유약을 바르다dojagi-e yuyag-eul bareudato glaze ceramics
    밤참으로 식빵에 버터를 발라 먹었다.Bamcham-euro sikppang-e beoteo-reul balla meogeotda.I had some buttered bread for a midnight snack.
    머리에 기름을 발랐다.Meori-e gireum-eul ballatda.I greased my hair.

##### Synonyms

* 붙이다 (buchida)
* 칠하다 (chilhada)
* 묻히다 (muchida)
* 올리다 (ollida)
* 쓰다 (sseuda)
* 입히다 (iphida)
* 찍다 (jjikda)

##### Derived terms

* 뒤바르다 (dwibareuda)
* (North Korea) 게바르다 (gebareuda)
* (North Korea) 개바르다 (gaebareuda)
* (South Korea) 쥐어바르다 (jwieobareuda)
* (North Korea) 쥐여바르다 (jwiyeobareuda)
* 재장바르다 (jaejangbareuda)
* 덧바르다 (deotbareuda)
* 처바르다 (cheobareuda)

#### Adjective

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* (obsolete) to be hardened; to be solidified
* (obsolete) to become stiff

##### Derived terms

* 꼼바르다 (kkombareuda, “to be narrow-minded and overly stingy”)
* 꾀바르다 (kkoebareuda, “to have plenty of tricks to avoid or deal with difficult or embarrassing situations”)
* 돈바르다 (donbareuda, “not generous in temper; fastidious”)
* 돔바르다 (dombareuda, “to be very stingy”)
* 맛바르다 (matbareuda, “a situation in which all the delicious food is gone and the amount is not enough”)
* (North Korea) 새암바르다 (saeambareuda, “to be very jealous”)
* (South Korea) 샘바르다 (saembareuda, “to be very jealous”)
* 싸바르다 (ssabareuda, “to seal off the outside of the opponent's stone in baduk”)
* (North Korea) 쌈바르다 (ssambareuda, “quick-witted”)
* 악지바르다 (akjibareuda)
* (South Korea) 애바르다 (aebareuda, “to rush for profit”)
* (North Korea) 애바르다 (aebareuda, “to the extent that one cares too much about others”)
* (North Korea) 익살바르다 (iksalbareuda)
* 입바르다 (ipbareuda)
* 재재바르다 (jaejaebareuda)
* 적바르다 (jeokbareuda, “a condition of barely reaching a certain limit and hence in an unaffordable condition”)

### Etymology 2

First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞ리다 (Yale: polita).
    1461, 《두시언해》 10:40
       치위 ᄉᆞᆯᄒᆞᆯ ᄇᆞ리ᄂᆞᆫ ᄃᆞᆺᄒᆞᆫ 北녁 ᄇᆞᄅᆞ미 ᄂᆞᆯ캅도다
Compare dialectal form 볼그다 (bolgeuda).

#### Verb

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* (…을) to peel, flay; to remove the skin, shell, or outer layer of something to get to what is inside
    밤을 바르다bam-eul bareudato crack a chestnut
    씨를 바르다ssi-reul bareudato remove a seed
* (…을) to bone, debone; to remove the meat attached to the bone; to remove fishbones
    생선을 발라 먹다saengseon-eul balla meokdato eat fish after deboning it
    생선 가시를 발라서 버리다saengseon gasi-reul ballaseo beoridato throw away a fishbone, after deboning a fish

##### Alternative forms

* 발그다 (balgeuda) (North Korea)

##### Derived terms

* (dialectal) 불바르다 (bulbareuda)

##### See also

* 버리다 (beorida)

### Etymology 3

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 바ᄅᆞ다 (Yale: palota).
    1459, 《월인석보》 서:18ㄱ
       直ᄋᆞᆫ 바ᄅᆞᆯ 씨라
Also attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 바ᄅᆞ다 (Yale: palota).
    1481, 《능엄경언해》 9:62ㄴ
       街ᄂᆞᆫ 바ᄅᆞᆫ 길히오 巷은 구븐 길히라

#### Adjective

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* to be straight, upright, erect; without bends or curvature
    길이 바르다.gir-i bareuda.The road is straight.
    줄을 바르게 서다jur-eul bareuge seodato line up straight
    선을 바르게 긋다seon-eul bareuge geutdato draw a straight line
    옷매무새를 바르게 하다onmaemusae-reul bareuge hadato adjust one's dress to become straight (without creases)
    의자에 바르게 앉아라uija-e bareuge anjarato sit in a chair straight
    장롱에 이불을 바르게 개 넣어라.jangnong-e ibur-eul bareuge gae neo'eora.to fold and put the bed erect in the wardrobe.
* to be right; to comply with the social norm in one's words or behavior
    예의가 바르다yeui-ga bareudato be polite
    생각이 바른 사람saenggag-i bareun sarama person with right thinking
    마음가짐이 바르다.ma'eumgajim-i bareuda.His mental attitude is right.
    행실이 바르다.haengsir-i bareuda.His behavior is right.
    그는 몸가짐을 늘 바르게 한다.geu-neun momgajim-eul neul bareuge handa.He always behaves properly.
    그는 회사에서 가장 인사성이 바른 사람이다.geu-neun hoesa-eseo gajang insaseong-i bareun saram-ida.He is the most polite person in the company.
* to be right, correct, honest, frank; to be consistent with the facts
    역사를 바르게 이해하다.yeoksa-reul bareuge ihaehada.to understand history correctly
    숨기지 말고 바르게 대답하시오.sumgiji malgo bareuge daedaphasio.Don't hide (the truth), answer honestly.
* right (direction)
    바른손 (bareunson, “right hand”)
** 1999, “국립국어원 [Gungnipgugeowon, The National Institute of The Korean Language]”, in 표준국어대사전 [Pyojun'gugeodaesajeon, Standard Korean Dictionary]:정답을 아는 학생은 바른 손을 들어라jeongdab-eul aneun haksaeng-eun bareun son-eul deureoraRaise your right hand if you know the answer.
    바른손잡이 (bareunsonjabi, “right hander”)
** 2017 May, 박일환, 미친 국어사전 [A Mad Korean Dictionary], PURIWA IPARI, →ISBN:바른손을 오른손의 뜻으로 쓰는건 왼손잡이들에 대한 차별을 담은 말이라는 주장이 오래전부터 제기됐다.Bareunson-eul oreunson-ui tteus-euro sseuneun'geon oensonjabi-deur-e daehan chabyeor-eul dameun mar-ira-neun jujang-i oraejeon-buteo jegidwaetda.It has long been argued that using the right hand as the 'right hand' is a term that includes discrimination against left-handed people.
* to be sunshiny; to be sunny or bright
    기르던 잉꼬가 죽자 아이들은 양지가 바른 곳에 묻어 주었다.gireudeon ingkko-ga jukja ai-deur-eun yangji-ga bareun gos-e mudeo jueotda.When the parakeet died, the children buried it in a sunny place.
    (South Korea) 양지바르다 ― yangjibareuda ― sunny, be full of sunshine
    (North Korea) 해바르다 ― haebareuda ― sunny, be full of sunshine
    볕바르다 (byeotbareuda)
    (dialectal) 벳바르다 (betbareuda)
    (dialectal) 양기바르다 (yanggibareuda)

##### Synonyms

* (right; proper): 올바르다 (olbareuda) 참되다 (chamdoeda) 정당하다 (jeongdanghada) 진정하다 (jinjeonghada) 옳다 (olta) 올바르다 (olbareuda) 방정하다 (bangjeonghada)
* (straight; upright): 곧다 (gotda) 똑바르다 (ttokbareuda)
* (neat; tidy): 단정하다 (danjeonghada) 깔끔하다 (kkalkkeumhada)

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “wrong”): 틀리다 (teullida) 그르다 (geureuda)거짓되다 (geojitdoeda)
* (antonym(s) of “not straight”): 굽다 (gupda)

##### Derived terms

* 올바르다 (olbareuda)
* 똑바르다 (ttokbareuda)
* 정바르다 (jeongbareuda)
* (North Korea) 통바르다 (tongbareuda)
* (North Korea) 대바르다 (daebareuda)
* (South Korea) 곧바르다 (gotbareuda)
* (North Korea) 직바르다 (jikbareuda)
* 겉바르다 (geotbareuda)
* 예바르다 (yebareuda)
* 면바르다 (myeonbareuda)
* (dialectal) 졸바르다 (jolbareuda)
* (North Korea) 격식바르다 (gyeoksikbareuda)
* 귀바르다 (gwibareuda)
* 아금바르다 (ageumbareuda)
* 엇바르다 (eotbareuda)
* (dialectal) 쪽바르다 (jjokbareuda)

##### Related terms

* 정하다 (jeonghada)

### Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* (figurative) (…을) to overwhelm an opponent completely; to overpower or defeat an opponent
    난 그를 완전히 발랐어.nan geu-reul wanjeonhi ballasseo.I totally defeated him.
    우린 저 팀에 완전히 발렸어.urin jeo tim-e wanjeonhi ballyeosseo.We totally got decimated by that team.
    A: 야, 너랑 쟤랑 싸우면 누가 이겨? B: 아~ 내가 그냥 바르지~A: ya, neorang jaerang ssaumyeon nuga igyeo? B: a~ naega geunyang bareuji~A: Hey, can you beat him? B: Yeah, for sure.

##### Usage notes

Derived from sense in etymology 2.

##### Synonyms

* 이기다 (igida)
* 승리하다 (seungnihada)
* 압도하다 (apdohada)
* 제압하다 (jeaphada)
* 억누르다 (eongnureuda)

### Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Adjective

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* (North Korea) uncommon, insufficient; rarely encountered
** 1992, “두만강 (Duman'gang) [Tumen River]”, in 조선말대사전 [Joseonmaldaesajeon, Dictionary of Korean language]:사랑채는 동향으로 앉아서 여름에는 해가 발랐다.Sarangchae-neun donghyang-euro anjaseo yeoreum-e-neun hae-ga ballatda.Sarangchae sits in the east, and the sun was insufficient in the summer.

##### Usage notes

Perhaps cognate to etymology 1,2 and 맛바르다 (matbareuda), 적바르다 (jeokbareuda) in etymology 5.

##### Antonyms

* A user suggests that this Korean entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “why is there a quote in an Antonyms section?”.
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* 걸다 (geolda)
    1992, “두만강 (Duman'gang) [Tumen River]”, in 조선말대사전 [Joseonmaldaesajeon, Dictionary of Korean language]:해에 걸어 검붉은 그 얼굴에는 로력과 창조의 기쁨이 흘렀다.Hae-e georeo geombulgeun geu eolgur-e-neun roryeok-gwa changjo-ui gippeum-i heulleotda.The face, bronzed by the hot sun, was flowing with joy of effort and creation.

### Etymology 6

A soft word for 빠르다 (ppareuda).

#### Adjective

바르다 • (bareuda) (infinitive 발라, sequential 바르니)
* fast, takes a short amount of time to do something
* ahead of the baseline or comparison in a chronological order

##### Derived terms

* A user suggests that this Korean entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “why is there a quote in a Derived terms section?”.
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
* 재바르다 ― jaebareuda ― to be quick in action
* (North Korea) 재바르다 ― jaebareuda ― in short supply, poor condition
    1992, “두만강 (Duman'gang) [Tumen River]”, in 조선말대사전 [Joseonmaldaesajeon, Dictionary of Korean language]:재바른 살림살이에서 벗어나지 못하다.Jaebareun sallimsari-eseo beoseonaji mothada.to be unable to escape from the scanty livelihood
* (dialectal) 역바르다 (yeokbareuda)