# 鸝黃
## Chinese
### Etymology

Attested somewhat late, earliest in "Rhapsody on Gaotang [Shrine]" (高唐賦), attributed to Song Yu & included in Selections of Refined Literature:
* 王雎，鸝黃，正冥，楚鳩。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]王雎，鹂黄，正冥，楚鸠。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: 3rd century BCE, 宋玉 Song Yu, 《高唐賦》 ("Rhapsody on Gaotang [Shrine]"); translation based on Arthur Waley's version.Wángjū, líhuáng, zhèngmíng, chǔjiū. [Pinyin]the royal-coot, the yellow witwall / oriole, herald-of-dusk; warbler / dove of Chu,
For more see 鸝／鹂 (lí).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): líhuáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lei$^4$ wong$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lê-hông
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: líhuáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: líhuáng
*** Wade–Giles: li$^2$-huang$^2$
*** Yale: lí-hwáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lihwang
*** Palladius: лихуан (lixuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /li³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lei$^4$ wong$^4$
*** Yale: lèih wòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lei$^4$ wong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: léi$^4$ wong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei̯²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lê-hông
*** Tâi-lô: lê-hông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: le'hoong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /le²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /le²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /le¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /le²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /le²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/
* Middle Chinese: lje hwang
Rime :
| Character | 鸝 | 黃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 呂支切 | 胡光切 |
| Baxter | lje | hwang |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liᴇ/ | /ɦwɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liɛ/ | /ɦʷɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljɛ/ | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /liə̆/ | /ɦwaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /lie/ | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /lǐe/ | /ɣuɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lie̯/ | /ɣwɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lí | huáng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lei$^4$ | wong$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*rel ɡʷaːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 黃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huáng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwang › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-kʷˁaŋ/ |
| English | yellow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鸝 | 黃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7919 | 5380 |
| Phonetic component | 丽 | 黄 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 離 | 黃 |
| Old Chinese | /*rel/ | /*ɡʷaːŋ/ |
| Notes | | 甲金文象繫市（韍）之圍腰綬帶，取唐蘭釋黃爲衡綬但不取其尪本字說。非光聲 |

### Noun

鸝黃
* (likely obsolete) black-naped oriole
    From: 3rd century CE, 阮籍 (Ruan Ji), 《詠懷》 ("Singing My Cares"), no. 51; translated by Owen & Swartz (2017)
    Sōngbǎi yù sēnshěn, líhuáng xiàngyǔ xī. [Pinyin]
    The pines and cypresses were thick and dark, and orioles joined together in sporting.

#### Synonyms

* 黃鶯／黄莺 (huángyīng)
* 鶬鶊／鸧鹒 (cānggēng)