# alp
## English
### Etymology

Late Middle English, back-formation from alps pl, via French from Latin Alpes (“high mountains, especially those of Switzerland”). Compare Old Saxon elbon (“Alps”), Old High German Alpūn (“Alps”); Old High German alba (“alp, mountain”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ælp/

### Noun

alp (plural alps)
* A very high mountain. Specifically, one of the Alps, the highest chain of mountains in Europe.
** 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […].”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 42, line 529:Nor breath of Vernal Air from ſnowy Alp.
** 1711 May, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W[illiam] Lewis […]; and sold by W[illiam] Taylor […], T[homas] Osborn[e] […], and J[ohn] Graves […], →OCLC, page 15:Hills peep o'er Hills, and Alps on Alps ariſe!
** 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:There is a great alp of sand, one hundred metres high, between the pines and the ocean, […]
* An alpine meadow.
** 1942, Marco Pallis, Peaks and Lamas, page 54:At the alp of Khyarkuti, a wide flat at the junction of several glens […]

#### Derived terms

* alpine
* alpinely
* alpinism
* alpinist
* alpland

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* APL, LPA, PAL, PLA, Pal, Pla, lap, pal

## Danish
### Etymology

From German Alp, or maybe more specifically Alemannic German Alp.

### Noun

alp c (singular definite alpen, plural indefinite alper)
* a tall mountain
** alp; the Alps
    Coordinate term: sæter

#### Derived terms

* alpeland
* alpetop

### References

* “alp” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Alp (superseded)

### Etymology

Back-formation of Alpen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑlp/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: alp
* Rhymes: -ɑlp

### Noun

alp m (plural alpen, diminutive alpje n)
* alp, (very) high mountain

#### Derived terms

* alpengierzwaluw
* alpenkauw
* alpenkraai
* alpenviooltje

#### Related terms

* alm

## French
### Phrase

alp
* (Internet slang, text messaging) à la prochaine

## Irish
### Etymology 1

Compare English alp.

#### Noun

alp m (genitive singular ailp, nominative plural alpa)
* alp (high mountain)

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
alp
aalpa
vocative
a ailp
a alpa
genitive
ailp
alp
dative
alp
aalpa
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an t-alp
na haalpa
genitive
an ailp
na n-alp
dative
leis an alp don alp
leis na haalpa :

##### Related terms

* Alpach (“Alpine”, adjective)
* fo-alpach (“subalpine”, adjective)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

alp (present analytic alpann, future analytic alpfaidh, verbal noun alpadh, past participle alptha)
* (transitive) devour, swallow whole
* (transitive) grab

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh | alpadh |
| past participle | alptha | alptha | alptha | alptha | alptha | alptha | alptha | alptha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | alpaim | alpann tú; alpair$^†$ | alpann sé, sí | alpaimid | alpann sibh | alpann siad; alpaid$^†$ | a alpann; a alpas / a n-alpann* | alptar |
| past | d'alp mé; d'alpas / alp mé‡; alpas‡ | d'alp tú; d'alpais / alp tú; alpais‡ | d'alp sé, sí / alp sé, sí‡ | d'alpamar; d'alp muid / alpamar; alp muid‡ | d'alp sibh; d'alpabhair / alp sibh; alpabhair‡ | d'alp siad; d'alpadar / alp siad; alpadar‡ | a d'alp / ar alp* | alpadh; halpadh$^†$ |
| past habitual | d'alpainn / alpainn‡; n-alpainn‡‡ | d'alptá / alptá‡; n-alptá‡‡ | d'alpadh sé, sí / alpadh sé, sí‡; n-alpadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'alpaimis; d'alpadh muid / alpaimis; alpadh muid‡; n-alpaimis‡‡; n-alpadh muid‡‡ | d'alpadh sibh / alpadh sibh‡; n-alpadh sibh‡‡ | d'alpaidís; d'alpadh siad / alpaidís; alpadh siad‡; n-alpaidís‡‡; n-alpadh siad‡‡ | a d'alpadh / a n-alpadh* | d'alptaí / alptaí‡; n-alptaí‡‡ |
| future | alpfaidh mé; alpfad | alpfaidh tú; alpfair$^†$ | alpfaidh sé, sí | alpfaimid; alpfaidh muid | alpfaidh sibh | alpfaidh siad; alpfaid$^†$ | a alpfaidh; a alpfas / a n-alpfaidh* | alpfar |
| conditional | d'alpfainn / alpfainn‡; n-alpfainn‡‡ | d'alpfá / alpfá‡; n-alpfá‡‡ | d'alpfadh sé, sí / alpfadh sé, sí‡; n-alpfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'alpfaimis; d'alpfadh muid / alpfaimis‡; alpfadh muid‡; n-alpfaimis‡‡; n-alpfadh muid‡‡ | d'alpfadh sibh / alpfadh sibh‡; n-alpfadh sibh‡‡ | d'alpfaidís; d'alpfadh siad / alpfaidís‡; alpfadh siad‡; n-alpfaidís‡‡; n-alpfadh siad‡‡ | a d'alpfadh / a n-alpfadh* | d'alpfaí / alpfaí‡; n-alpfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go n-alpa mé; go n-alpad$^†$ | go n-alpa tú; go n-alpair$^†$ | go n-alpa sé, sí | go n-alpaimid; go n-alpa muid | go n-alpa sibh | go n-alpa siad; go n-alpaid$^†$ | — | go n-alptar |
| past | dá n-alpainn | dá n-alptá | dá n-alpadh sé, sí | dá n-alpaimis; dá n-alpadh muid | dá n-alpadh sibh | dá n-alpaidís; dá n-alpadh siad | — | dá n-alptaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | alpaim | alp | alpadh sé, sí | alpaimis | alpaigí; alpaidh$^†$ | alpaidís | — | alptar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

##### Derived terms

* alpach, alpúil (“voracious, greedy; grabbing”, adjective)
* alpaire m (“voracious eater; grabber”)

##### Related terms

* alpaireacht f (“(act of) bolting food; voracious eating; (act of) grabbing”)
* alpartha (“greedy; stout, burly”, adjective)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

alp f (genitive singular ailpe, nominative plural ailpeanna)
* Alternative form of ailp (“lump, chunk; knob”)

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
alp
ailpeanna
vocative
a alp
a ailpeanna
genitive
ailpe
ailpeanna
dative
alp
ailpeanna
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an alp
na hailpeanna
genitive
na hailpe
na n-ailpeanna
dative
leis an alp don alp
leis na hailpeanna :

##### Derived terms

* alpán
* alpóg

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

alp m (genitive singular ailp, nominative plural alpa)
* Alternative form of earc (“lizard; reptile”)

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
alp
aalpa
vocative
a ailp
a alpa
genitive
ailp
alp
dative
alp
aalpa
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an t-alp
na haalpa
genitive
an ailp
na n-alp
dative
leis an alp don alp
leis na haalpa :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “alp”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “alp”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “alp”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “alp”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Middle High German
### Alternative forms

* (elf, spirit): alb

### Etymology

From Old High German alp (13th century), from Proto-West Germanic *albi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈalp/

### Noun

alp m (plural elbe or elber)
* elf
* friendly spirit, ghostly being, genius, or fairy
* nightmare (later meaning)

#### Descendants

* German: Alb

### References

* Marshall Jones Company (1930). Mythology of All Races Series, Volume 2 Eddic, Great Britain: Marshall Jones Company, 1930, pp. 220.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* ailp

### Etymology

Possibly from Old Irish alp (“lump, loose mass”); see ailp.

### Noun

alp f (genitive singular ailp, plural alpa)
* protuberance, eminence
* mountain

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “alp”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Swedish
### Etymology

From French Alpes (“Alps”).

### Noun

alp c
* alp; a mountain in the Alps

#### Related terms

* Alperna

### References

* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Alp”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آلپ (alp), from Proto-Turkic *alp (“difficult, hard; warrior, hero, brave; giant, landlord”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰞𐰯 (l¹p /⁠alp⁠/), Khakas алып (alıp, “hero”), Kazakh алып (alyp, “giant”), Tatar алып (alıp, “giant”), Yakut алып (alıp, “craftiness, deception, magic”), Uyghur ئالپ (alp, “hero; giant”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑlp/

### Adjective

alp
* brave, hero

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ălpa”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “alp”, in Nişanyan Sözlük