# زوان
## Arabic
### Etymology

Apparently from the exact Aramaic form which is attested as Christian Palestinian Aramaic ܙܘܢܝܐ in the emphatic state plural, ܙܘܢܐ emphatic state singular, else attested as Jewish Palestinian Aramaic זוּנִין (zōnīn, “ryegrass”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic זזניא, זזנייא, Mishnaic Hebrew זזנין, Classical Syriac ܙܺܽܝܙܳܢܳܐ (zīzānā, “ryegrass”), from which last the form زِيزَان (zīzān) was borrowed.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zu.waːn/, /zuw.waːn/, /za.waːn/, /zi.waːn/

### Noun

زُوَان or زُوَّان or زَوَان or زِوَان • (zuwān or zuwwān or zawān or ziwān) m
* darnel, ryegrass (Lolium gen. et spp.)
    Synonym: شَيْلَم (šaylam)
** 1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:زوان: الماهية: أقول: إن الزوان اسم يوقعه الناس على شيئين أحدهما حبّ شبيه بالحنطة يتخذ منه الناس الخبز. ويقولون إن الزوان الكثيب وقوم آخرون يسمون به شيئاً مسكراً رديئاً في الحبوب والكلام في ذلك غير ما نحن فيه. الاختيار: أجوده الخفيف الورق غير نخر ولا متفتت بل لزج عند المضغ إلى الحمرة وفيه عفوصة يسيرة وقال فولس: قوّته قريبة من قوة الحنطة في الحر والبرد وهو يجفف ويغري. فهذا آخر الكلام من حرف الزاي وذلك سبعة وعشرون دواء.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: żwien

### References

* “zwnyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* “zyzn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “زوان”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 268
* Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 723–729
* Löw, Immanuel (1896) “Bemerkungen zu ‚Schwally’s Idioticon‘”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes‎ (in German), volume 10, page 137
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 133–134
* Mutzafi, Hezy (2019) “Further Akkadian Substrate Words and Meanings Surfacing in Neo-Aramaic”, in Orientalia‎, volume 88, number 2, →DOI, pages 226–228
* Schulthess, Friedrich (1910) “Aramäisches. II”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete‎ (in German), volume 24, page 50

## Bakhtiari
### Alternative forms

* زُوَن (zo'an), زَوُن (zavun)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (uzwān), from Proto-Iranian *hižwáH (compare Northern Kurdish ziman, Pashto ژبه (žəba), Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬰𐬎𐬎𐬁 (hizuuā)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH (compare Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā), Hindi जीभ (jībh)), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (compare Old Prussian insuwis, Russian язы́к (jazýk), French langue, English tongue).

### Noun

زوان (zovân, zavân)
* (anatomy) tongue
* language

## Baluchi
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

### Noun

زوان • (zawán)
* tongue
* language

### See also

* زبان

## Gurani
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

### Noun

زوان (ziwān)
* (anatomy) tongue
* language

## Laki
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

### Noun

زوان (zwan)
* (anatomy) tongue
* language

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [zu.ˈwɑːn], [za.ˈwɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zʊ.wɑ́ːn], [zä.wɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zʊ.wɑ́ːn], [zä.wɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zʊ.wɑ́ːn], [zä.wɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zu.wɔ́ːn], [zä.wɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zo.vɒ́ːn], [zæ.vɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zu.vɔ́n], [zä.vɔ́n]

### Noun

زوان
* Alternative form of زبان (tongue, language)