OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# oirnn
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish fornn. Cognates include Irish orainn and Manx orrin.

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Wester Ross) IPA: /ɔːrˠn/, [ɔː(ɻ)ɳ] (as if spelled oirrn)
* (North Uist) IPA: /ˈɛːɾʲɛɲ/
* (Barra) IPA: /ˈɤɾʲɪɲ/

### Pronoun

oirnn
* first-person plural of air: on us

#### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 224
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN, page 498
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 162
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 183
# სინათლის წელიწადი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sinatʰlis t͡sʼelit͡sʼadi]
* Hyphenation: სი‧ნათ‧ლის წე‧ლი‧წა‧დი

### Noun

სინათლის წელიწადი • (sinatlis c̣elic̣adi) (plural სინათლის წელიწადები)
* (astronomy) light year

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# ASQ
## English
### Proper noun

ASQ
* (management) Initialism of American Society for Quality.

#### Usage notes

* Formerly (to 1997): American Society for Quality Control ASQC

### Anagrams

* AQs, QAS, QAs
# assess
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English assessen, from Old French assesser, from Medieval Latin assessare, originally the frequentative of Latin assessus, past participle of assidēre, from ad (“to, towards, at”) + sedeō (“sit; settle down”). Cognate with Spanish asentar (“to settle”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA: /əˈsɛs/
** Audio (California):(file)
* (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /əˈses/
* Rhymes: -ɛs

### Verb

assess (third-person singular simple present assesses, present participle assessing, simple past and past participle assessed)
* (transitive) To determine, estimate or judge the value of; to evaluate; to estimate.
    He assessed the situation.
* (transitive) To impose or charge, especially as punishment for an infraction.
    The referee assessed a penalty for delaying the game.
    A $10.00 late fee will be assessed on all overdue accounts.
** 1984 February 4, Christine Guilfoy, “Three Seneca Women Get 89 Days in Jail”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 28, page 1:Judge Cohen ruled that Blacklock, McKenzie and Benschop must make restitution for the $50.29 damage and that each must pay a mandatory $40.00 surcharge assessed to anybody who is found guilty of a misdemeanor in New York state.
* (transitive) To calculate and demand (the tax money due) from a person or entity.
    Once you've submitted a tax return, the Tax Department will assess the amount of tax you still owe.

#### Derived terms

* assessability
* assessable
* assessably
* assessee
* assessible
* assessingly
* assessment
* misassess
* nonassessed
* overassess
* overassessment
* preassess
* reassess
* risk-assess, risk-assessed
* unassessability
* unassessable
* unassessably
* unassessed
* underassess
* underassessment

#### Related terms

* assessor

#### Translations

Arabic: يُقَدِّر (yuqaddir) (imperfective)
Basque: balio eman, baloratu, neurtu
Bulgarian: оценявам (bg) (ocenjavam)
Catalan: avaluar (ca)
Czech: ohodnotit, ocenit (cs)
Danish: vurdere
Dutch: beoordelen (nl), evalueren (nl)
Egyptian: (jp)
Esperanto: taksi (eo)
Finnish: arvioida (fi), määrittää (fi)
French: estimer (fr), évaluer (fr)
German: schätzen (de), bewerten (de), einschätzen (de), beurteilen (de)
Greek: αξιολογώ (el) (axiologó), εκτιμώ (el) (ektimó), αποτιμώ (el) (apotimó), υπολογίζω (el) (ypologízo)
Hindi: मूल्यांकन करना (mūlyāṅkan karnā)
Irish: measúnaigh
Italian: valutare (it), stimare (it), estimare (it)
Latin: aestimō (la), taxō (la)
Maori: aromatawai
Mari:
Eastern Mari: аклаш (aklaš)
Occitan: evaluar (oc), estimar (oc)
Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (yakdir etmek)
Polish: ocenić (pl) pf, oceniać (pl) impf
Portuguese: estimar (pt), avaliar (pt)
Russian: определя́ть (ru) impf (opredeljátʹ), определи́ть (ru) pf (opredelítʹ), оце́нивать (ru) impf (océnivatʹ), оцени́ть (ru) pf (ocenítʹ)
Slovak: oceniť, ohodnotiť, zhodnotiť
Spanish: evaluar (es), estimar (es)
Swedish: värdera (sv)
Turkish: değerlendirmek (tr)
Ukrainian: визнача́ти impf (vyznačáty), ви́значити pf (význačyty), оці́нювати impf (ocínjuvaty), оціни́ти pf (ocinýty) :

### Anagrams

* Sessas, sasses
# statistikë
## Albanian
### Noun

statistikë f (definite statistika)
* (mathematics) statistics

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “statistikë”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “statistikë”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# 青草擔
## Chinese

(This form in the hanzi box does not have a page created for it yet: "青草担".)

### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiⁿ-chháu-tàⁿ / chheⁿ-chháu-tàⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiⁿ-chháu-tàⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshinn-tsháu-tànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chvizhaw'dvax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tã²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheⁿ-chháu-tàⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshenn-tsháu-tànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhvezhaw'dvax
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tã²¹/

### Noun

青草擔
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) herbal medicine peddler
# განკარგულება
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡ̊aŋkʼaɾɡuleba]

### Noun

განკარგულება • (ganḳarguleba) (uncountable)
* command, behest

#### Declension

Declension of განკარგულება (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | განკარგულება (ganḳarguleba) |
| ergative | განკარგულებამ (ganḳargulebam) |
| dative | განკარგულებას(ა) (ganḳargulebas(a)) |
| genitive | განკარგულების(ა) (ganḳargulebis(a)) |
| instrumental | განკარგულებით(ა) (ganḳargulebit(a)) |
| adverbial | განკარგულებად(ა) (ganḳargulebad(a)) |
| vocative | განკარგულებავ (ganḳargulebav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of განკარგულება (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | განკარგულებაზე (ganḳargulebaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | განკარგულებასთან (ganḳargulebastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | განკარგულებაში (ganḳargulebaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | განკარგულებასავით (ganḳargulebasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | განკარგულებისთვის (ganḳargulebistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | განკარგულებისებრ (ganḳargulebisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | განკარგულებისკენ (ganḳargulebisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | განკარგულებისგან (ganḳargulebisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | განკარგულებისადმი (ganḳargulebisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | განკარგულებიდან (ganḳargulebidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | განკარგულებითურთ (ganḳargulebiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | განკარგულებამდე (ganḳargulebamde) | |
# დაუფლება
## Georgian
### Etymology

From უფალი (upali).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥aupʰleba]
* Hyphenation: და‧უფ‧ლე‧ბა

### Verbal noun

დაუფლება • (daupleba) (pf.)
* verbal noun of დაიუფლებს (daiuplebs)
* verbal noun of დაეუფლება (daeupleba)

#### Inflection

Declension of დაუფლება (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | დაუფლება (daupleba) |
| ergative | დაუფლებამ (dauplebam) |
| dative | დაუფლებას(ა) (dauplebas(a)) |
| genitive | დაუფლების(ა) (dauplebis(a)) |
| instrumental | დაუფლებით(ა) (dauplebit(a)) |
| adverbial | დაუფლებად(ა) (dauplebad(a)) |
| vocative | დაუფლებავ (dauplebav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დაუფლება (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დაუფლებაზე (dauplebaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დაუფლებასთან (dauplebastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დაუფლებაში (dauplebaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დაუფლებასავით (dauplebasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დაუფლებისთვის (dauplebistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დაუფლებისებრ (dauplebisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დაუფლებისკენ (dauplebisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დაუფლებისგან (dauplebisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დაუფლებისადმი (dauplebisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დაუფლებიდან (dauplebidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დაუფლებითურთ (dauplebiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დაუფლებამდე (dauplebamde) | |
# oirbh
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish fuirib. Cognates include Irish oraibh and Manx erriu.

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /ˈɤˈðɤv/
* (North Uist) IPA: /ˈɛˈɾʲɛv/
* (Barra) IPA: /ˈɤˈɾʲev/
* (Wester Ross) IPA: /ˈɔˈɾʲɪ/, /ˈɔˈɾɔj/
* (Sutherland) IPA: /ˈɔˈɾɪ/, /ˈɔˈɾu/ (as if spelled oraibh)

### Pronoun

oirbh
* second-person plural of air: on you

#### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
# სინათლის სიჩქარე
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sinatʰlis sit͡ʃʰkʰaɾe]
* Hyphenation: სი‧ნათ‧ლის სიჩ‧ქა‧რე

### Noun

სინათლის სიჩქარე • (sinatlis sičkare) (uncountable)
* (physics) speed of light

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# 崔崔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cuīcuī
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟ ㄘㄨㄟ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cuīcuī
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟ ㄘㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cueicuei
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻui$^1$-tsʻui$^1$
*** Yale: tswēi-tswēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsueitsuei
*** Palladius: цуйцуй (cujcuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

### Adjective

崔崔
* (literary) tall; lofty
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Nánshān cuīcuī, xiónghú suísuí. [Pinyin]
    High and large is the south hill, And a male fox is on it, solitary and suspicious.
# пиварство
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpivarstvɔ]

### Noun

пиварство • (pivarstvo) n (relational adjective пиварски)
* beer brewing

#### Declension
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak pivovarstvo / *pivárstvo. By surface analysis, пивар (pivar) +‎ -ство (-stvo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [piˈvarstvɔ]
* Rhymes: -arstvɔ
* Hyphenation: пи‧вар‧ство

### Noun

пиварство (pivarstvo) n
* beer brewing

#### Related terms

* пивар m pers (pivar)
* пиво n (pivo)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “пиварство”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From пи̑во.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piʋǎːrstʋo/
* Hyphenation: пи‧вар‧ство

### Noun

пива́рство n (Latin spelling pivárstvo)
* (uncountable) beer brewing

#### Declension
### References

* “пиварство”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# განხეთქილება
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡ̊anχetʰkʰileba]

### Noun

განხეთქილება • (ganxetkileba) (uncountable)
* break, contention

#### Declension

Declension of განხეთქილება (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | განხეთქილება (ganxetkileba) |
| ergative | განხეთქილებამ (ganxetkilebam) |
| dative | განხეთქილებას(ა) (ganxetkilebas(a)) |
| genitive | განხეთქილების(ა) (ganxetkilebis(a)) |
| instrumental | განხეთქილებით(ა) (ganxetkilebit(a)) |
| adverbial | განხეთქილებად(ა) (ganxetkilebad(a)) |
| vocative | განხეთქილებავ (ganxetkilebav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of განხეთქილება (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | განხეთქილებაზე (ganxetkilebaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | განხეთქილებასთან (ganxetkilebastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | განხეთქილებაში (ganxetkilebaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | განხეთქილებასავით (ganxetkilebasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | განხეთქილებისთვის (ganxetkilebistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | განხეთქილებისებრ (ganxetkilebisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | განხეთქილებისკენ (ganxetkilebisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | განხეთქილებისგან (ganxetkilebisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | განხეთქილებისადმი (ganxetkilebisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | განხეთქილებიდან (ganxetkilebidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | განხეთქილებითურთ (ganxetkilebiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | განხეთქილებამდე (ganxetkilebamde) | |

#### Derived terms

* განხეთქილების ვაშლი (ganxetkilebis vašli)
# シェフ
## Japanese
### Etymology

From French chef (“chief”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) シェフ [shéꜜfù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕe̞ɸɯ̟̊]

### Noun

シェフ • (shefu)
* head chef; chef de cuisine
* chef, cook

#### Synonyms

* (head cook): 料(りょう)理(り)長(ちょう) (ryōri-chō), コック長(ちょう) (kokku-chō)
* (any chef): 料(りょう)理(り)人(にん) (ryōrinin), コック (kokku)

### See also

* シェフズテーブル (shefuzu tēburu, “chef's table”)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# orra
## English
### Etymology

Probably originally a reduced form of over + all.

### Adjective

orra (comparative more orra, superlative most orra)
* (now Scotland) Superfluous; odd, unmatched, left over.
* (now Scotland) Of people: idle, unemployed, disreputable. [from 16th c.]
** 1932, Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Sunset Song (A Scots Quair), Polygon, published 2006, page 16:But the bothy billies, the ploughmen and the orra men of the Mains, they'd never care for gentry except to mock at them […]

### Anagrams

* Raro, roar

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈorːɒ], [ˈoːrɒ]
* Hyphenation: or‧ra

### Etymology 1

orr (“nose”) +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

#### Noun

orra
* third-person singular single-possession possessive of orr

##### Derived terms

* borsot tör az orra alá

### Etymology 2

orr (“nose”) +‎ -ra (case suffix)

#### Noun

orra
* sublative singular of orr
    orra bukik ― s/he tumbles, s/he falls to the ground (literally, “s/he falls onto the nose”)

##### Derived terms

* orra bukik

## Irish
### Pronoun

orra (emphatic orrasan)
* Alternative form of orthu

## Italian
### Verb

orra
* inflection of orrare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* raro

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔrˠə/

#### Noun

orra f (plural orrachan)
* amulet, enchantment
* a charm to effect something wonderful

##### Derived terms

* an orra-bhalbh (“an amulet to prevent one's agent to make a defense in a court of justice”)
* orra-an-donais (“amulet to send one's foe to the mischief”)
* orra-chomais (“an amulet to deprive a man of his virility (especially on the marriage night)”)
* orra-ghràidh (“an amulet to provoke unlawful love”)
* orra-ghrùdaire (“an amulet to make every drop of the wash to overflow the wash-tuns”)
* orra-na-h-aoine (“an amulet to drown a foe”)
* orra-sheamlachais (“an amulet to make a cow allow the calf of another cow to suck her”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish forru. Cognates include Irish orthu and Manx orroo.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔrˠə/
* (Barra) IPA: [ˈɔrˠʌ]
* (Wester Ross) IPA: /ˈɔr̥ˠhə/ (as if spelled orrtha)

#### Pronoun

orra
* third-person plural of air: on them

##### Inflection
### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN, page 498

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “orra”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
# სინდისის პატიმარი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sindisis pʼatʼimaɾi]
* Hyphenation: სინ‧დი‧სის პა‧ტი‧მა‧რი

### Noun

სინდისის პატიმარი • (sindisis ṗaṭimari) (plural სინდისის პატიმრები)
* prisoner of conscience

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# 𐤨𐤬𐤱𐤰
## Lydian
### Etymology

Melchert derives it from a hypothetical Proto-Anatolian *ǵóbu. Compare Armenian ծով (cov, “sea”) for a possible Indo-European cognate.

### Noun

𐤨𐤬𐤱𐤰 (kofu)
* water

### References

* Fred Woudhuizen, Linguistica Tyrrhenica: The Etruscan liturgical calendar (1998), in note on page 199
* H. Craig Melchert, Anatolian Historical Phonology (1994), page 331
# parvulus
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* parvolus (normal Republican spelling)

### Etymology

parvus +‎ -ulus

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpar.u̯u.lus/, [ˈpäru̯ʊɫ̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpar.vu.lus/, [ˈpärvulus]

### Adjective

parvulus (feminine parvula, neuter parvulum); first/second-declension adjective
* diminutive of parvus
** (of size) little, tiny, petty
** (of degree, extent, value, importance) slight, unimportant
** young, tender of years

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### Noun

parvulus m (genitive parvulī); second declension
* little one, infant, child
    Synonyms: ā puerō, ā puerīs, ā tenerīs (unguiculīs), dē tenerō unguī
    ā parvulō ― from infancy, early childhood

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Italian: pargolo, → parvolo
* → Asturian: párvolu
* → Portuguese: párvulo
* → Spanish: párvulo

### References

* “paruulus” on page 1436 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)

### Further reading

* “parvulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "parvulus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* parvulus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. from youth up: a puero (is), a parvo (is), a parvulo (is)
# spiraal
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French spirale, from Medieval Latin spiralis, from Latin spira, from Ancient Greek σπεῖρα (speîra, “wreath, coil, twist”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /spiˈraːl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: spi‧raal
* Rhymes: -aːl

### Noun

spiraal f (plural spiralen, diminutive spiraaltje n)
* (geometry) a spiral
* (chiefly diminutive, medicine) an intrauterine device, a IUD
    Hypernym: voorbehoedsmiddel
    Hyponyms: hormoonspiraal, koperspiraal
    Door haar spiraaltje heeft ze heftige krampen. ― She has heavy cramps due to her IUD.

#### Derived terms

* hormoonspiraal
* koperspiraal
* loon-prijsspiraal
* spiraalvormig

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: spiral

### References

* “spiraal” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

spiraal (genitive spiraali, partitive spiraali)
* spiral

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

### Further reading

* “spiraal”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
# 青草担
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 青草担 – see 青草擔 (“herbal medicine peddler”). (This term is the simplified form of 青草擔).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# გარეგნობა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡ̊aɾeɡnoba]

### Noun

გარეგნობა • (garegnoba) (uncountable)
* appearance, aspect, exterior, externals, outside, semblance, surface

#### Declension

Declension of გარეგნობა (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | გარეგნობა (garegnoba) |
| ergative | გარეგნობამ (garegnobam) |
| dative | გარეგნობას(ა) (garegnobas(a)) |
| genitive | გარეგნობის(ა) (garegnobis(a)) |
| instrumental | გარეგნობით(ა) (garegnobit(a)) |
| adverbial | გარეგნობად(ა) (garegnobad(a)) |
| vocative | გარეგნობავ (garegnobav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of გარეგნობა (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | გარეგნობაზე (garegnobaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | გარეგნობასთან (garegnobastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | გარეგნობაში (garegnobaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | გარეგნობასავით (garegnobasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | გარეგნობისთვის (garegnobistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | გარეგნობისებრ (garegnobisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | გარეგნობისკენ (garegnobisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | გარეგნობისგან (garegnobisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | გარეგნობისადმი (garegnobisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | გარეგნობიდან (garegnobidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | გარეგნობითურთ (garegnobiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | გარეგნობამდე (garegnobamde) | |
# neglected
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɪˈɡlɛktɪd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: ne‧glect‧ed

### Verb

neglected
* simple past and past participle of neglect

### Adjective

neglected (comparative more neglected, superlative most neglected)
* Suffering from neglect; uncared-for.
** 2021 September 22, “National Rail Awards 2021: Adrian Shooter”, in RAIL, number 940, page 61:Under Shooter's leadership, suburban services from London Marylebone were rapidly improved and longer-distance travel to Birmingham Snow Hill was transformed on what had been a long-neglected second route from the capital to the West Midlands.

#### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:ramshackle

#### Derived terms

* neglected firm effect