# parameter
## English
### Etymology

From French paramètre, from New Latin parametrum (“parameter”), from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “beside”) + μέτρον (métron, “measure”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /pəˈɹæm.ɪ.tə/
* (US) IPA: /pəˈɹæm.ə.tɚ/, [pəˈɹæm.ə.ɾɚ]
** Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

parameter (plural parameters)
* A value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation, or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc.
    Coordinate terms: metaparameter, subparameter, superparameter
** 2007, Charles M. Hansen, Hansen Solubility Parameters, →ISBN:As molecular surface-to-surface contacts control both solution phenomena and surface phenomena, it is not surprising that various correlations of cohesion parameters and surface phenomena can be found.
** 2012, Kai-Sheng Lu, Rational Function Systems and Electrical Networks with Multi-Parameters, →ISBN:The independent parameters of a system or network over F(z) reflect its structure and determine its structural properties (such as the reducibility of coefficient matrix A and its characteristic polynomial det(λI −A), controllability and observability over F(z), etc.).
** 2014, M. Amouroux, A. El Jai, Control of Distributed Parameter Systems 1989, →ISBN:On the other hand, if we have suitable data, we may be able to develop some direct computational methods for the essentially nonlinear parameter identification problems, in which fewer or even no nonlinear processes are involved.
* (sciences) A variable that describes a property or characteristic of some system (material, object, event, etc.) or some aspect thereof.
    Coordinate terms: metaparameter, subparameter, superparameter, hyperparameter
** 2007, Charles M. Hansen, Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 113:Cohesion parameters (solubility parameters) can be used with full theoretical justification to characterize many surfaces ...
** 2012, Wolfgang Desch, Franz Kappel, Karl Kunisch, Control and Estimation of Distributed Parameter Systems: International Conference in Maria Trost (Austria), July 15–21, 2001, Birkhäuser, →ISBN, page 41:To this end, we derive an a posteriori error estimator for the error with respect to the unknown parameter.
** (statistics) Any measured quantity of a statistical population that summarises or describes an aspect of the population.
** (machine learning) A variable of a model that is trained by a machine learning algorithm.
    Coordinate term: feature
*** 2012, Michael Lemmon, Competitively Inhibited Neural Networks for Adaptive Parameter Estimation, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 74:The parameter estimation problem considered in this chapter consists of estimating the unknown parameter, ū [a barred v, actually], given N samples of the observation process.
*** 2020 August 11, “The Guardian view on artificial intelligence's revolution: learning but not as we know it”, in The Guardian‎:Fundamental is the regulation of a for-profit OpenAI. The company initially delayed the launch of its earlier GPT-2, with a mere 1.5bn parameters, because the company fretted over its implications.
* (programming) An input variable of a function definition, that gets an actual value (argument) at execution time.
    Synonym: formal parameter
* (programming, loosely) An actual value given to such a formal parameter.
    Synonyms: argument, actual parameter
* A characteristic or feature that distinguishes something from others.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:characteristic
* (geometry) In the ellipse and hyperbola, a third proportional to any diameter and its conjugate, or in the parabola, to any abscissa and the corresponding ordinate.
    The parameter of the principal axis of a conic section is called the latus rectum.
* (commutative algebra) Clipping of uniformizing parameter.
* (crystallography) The ratio of the three crystallographic axes which determines the position of any plane.
* (crystallography) The fundamental axial ratio for a given species.

#### Usage notes

* (programming): Some authors regard use of parameter to mean argument as imprecise, preferring that parameter refers only to the name that will be instantiated, and argument to refer to the value that will be supplied to it at runtime.

#### Derived terms

* actual parameter
* clinicoparameter
* formal parameter
* Hapke parameter
* hyperparameter
* lattice parameter
* macroparameter
* metaparameter
* microparameter
* multiparameter
* named parameter
* nuisance parameter
* parameterisation
* parameterise
* parameterization
* parameterize
* parameterless
* parametrization
* positional parameter
* rest parameter
* Sommerfeld parameter
* speed parameter
* subparameter
* superparameter
* time parameter
* uniparameter

#### Related terms

* parametric
* parametrise, parametrize

#### See also

* variable

### Further reading

* “parameter”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “parameter”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰɑɑˈmeːˀd̥ɐ]

### Noun

parameter c or n (singular definite parameteren or parameteret, plural indefinite parametre)
* parameter

#### Declension
### References

* “parameter” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin parameter.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paːˈraːmətər/, /ˈpaːraːˌmeːtər/, /paːˈraːˌmeːtər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pa‧ra‧me‧ter

### Noun

parameter m (plural parameters, diminutive parametertje n)
* a parameter

#### Derived terms

* parametervoorstelling
* parametrisch

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: parameter

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch parameter, from French paramètre, from New Latin parametrum (“parameter”), from Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “beside”) + μέτρον (métron, “measure”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /paraˈmetər/ [pa.raˈme.t̪ər]
* Rhymes: -etər
* Syllabification: pa‧ra‧me‧ter

### Noun

parameter (plural parameter-parameter)
* parameter:
** a value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc.
** (sciences) a variable that describes a property or characteristic of some system (material, object, event etc.) or some aspect thereof.
*** (statistics) any measured quantity of a statistical population that summarises or describes an aspect of the population.
*** (machine learning) A variable of a model that is trained by a machine learning algorithm.
** (programming) An input variable of a function definition, that gets an actual value (argument) at execution time.
** A characteristic or feature that distinguishes something from others.

#### Derived terms

* berparameter
* parameter antena
* parameter bisnis
* parameter Coriolis
* parameter kekasapan
* parameter kontrol
* parameter meteorologi

#### Related terms

* parametris

### Further reading

* “parameter” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From para- +‎ meter.

### Noun

parameter m (definite singular parameteren, indefinite plural parametere or parametre or parametrer, definite plural parameterne or parametrene)
* a parameter

### References

* “parameter” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From para- +‎ meter.

### Noun

parameter m (definite singular parameteren, indefinite plural parameterar or parametrar, definite plural parameterane or parametrane)
* a parameter

### References

* “parameter” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Noun

parameter c
* a parameter