# ur
## Translingual
### Symbol

ur
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Urdu.

## English
### Interjection

ur
* Expressing hesitation or inarticulacy; er, um.

### Determiner

ur
* (Internet slang, text messaging, colloquial) Abbreviation of your.

#### Derived terms

* ur mom
* ur mum

### Contraction

ur
* (Internet slang, text messaging, colloquial) Abbreviation of you're (you are).
    Coordinate terms: u, r

### Anagrams

* Ru.

## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* urë

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ews- (“to burn”). Compare Latin ūrō.

### Noun

ur
* ember

#### Synonyms

* prush

## Assan
### Noun

ur
* rain

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Common Turkic *ur. Cognate with Turkish ur, etc.

### Noun

ur (definite accusative uru, plural urlar)
* (pathology, oncology) neoplasm, tumour
    Synonym: şiş

#### Declension
## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uɾ/ [uɾ]
* Rhymes: -uɾ

### Etymology 1

Unknown. Some claim from Proto-Basque *(h)ur; possibly a truly prehistoric word from a substrate.

#### Alternative forms

* hur (Souletin)

#### Noun

ur inan
* water
* juice

##### Usage notes

This is one of a few words with an underlying final flap /uɾ/, so with the article it has the form ura (/u.ɾa/), contrasting with hur (“hazelnut”) (/ur/). Unambiguously compare Cumbric ur (“water”).

##### Derived terms

* limoi ur
* ur begi
* ur geza
* ur txori
* ur zurrusta
* uraldi
* urberritu
* ureztatu
* ureztontzi
* urjauzi
* urmael
* urmargo
* urmeloi
* urpe
* urtegi

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ur inan
* Nonstandard spelling of hur (“hazelnut”).

### References

* ↑ “ur” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
* José Ignacio Hualde, Jon Ortiz de Urbina, A Grammar of Basque (2003, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “ur”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “ur”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Bavarian
### Alternative forms

* ure

### Etymology

From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uɐ̯/, /uːɐ̯/
* Homophone: Uhr

### Adverb

ur (East Central Bavarian, Vienna)
* very, quite, really, total, totally, absolutely
    Des is ursuper! ― That's really great!
    I håb ur ned gwusst, wås i tuan soi. ― I had absolutely no idea what to do.
    Des is ur der Trottl! ― That's totally an idiot!
    Des is der ur Trottl! ― That's a total idiot!

#### Usage notes

Can be used as an intensifier for adjectives, adverbs, nouns and noun phrases. For the use as a prefix for adjectives see ur-.

## Breton
### Article

ur
* a/an

#### See also

* un
* ul

## Chrau
### Noun

ur
* woman
* wife

### References

* David D. Thomas, Chrau grammar (1971)

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuɐ̯ˀ]
* Rhymes: -ur

### Etymology 1

From Middle Low German ūr (“watch, clock”), which was borrowed, via Middle Dutch ūre, from Old French houre (“hour”), from Latin hōra (“hour”) and ultimately Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “season, hour”). The German Uhr (“watch”) was also borrowed from Low German.

#### Noun

ur n (singular definite uret, plural indefinite ure)
* clock
* watch

##### Descendants

* → Faroese: ur

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Norwegian Nynorsk ur, urd, from Old Norse urð, from Proto-Germanic *wurþiz.

#### Noun

ur c (singular definite uren, plural indefinite urer)
* scree

##### Inflection
## Elfdalian
### Etymology

Cognate with Swedish hur.

### Adverb

ur
* how

## Faroese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Danish ur, from German Uhr, from Old French houre, from Latin hōra, from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time, season, year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁- (“year, season”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uːɹ/
* Homophones: urð, Urð

### Noun

ur n (genitive singular urs, plural ur)
* watch, timepiece

#### Hyponyms

* armbandsur (“wristwatch”)
* lummaur (“pocketwatch”)

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German ur-, from Old High German ur-, ir- (“thoroughly”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”).

### Adverb

ur
* (Austria, Vienna, colloquial) very, quite, really, total, totally, absolutely
    Das ist ur super! ― That's really great!
    Ich hab' ur nicht gewusst, was ich tun soll. ― I had absolutely no idea what to do.
    Das ist ur der Trottel! ― That's totally an idiot!
    Das ist der ur Trottel! ― That's a total idiot!

#### Usage notes

Can be used as an intensifier for adjectives, adverbs, nouns and noun phrases. For the use as a prefix for adjectives see ur-.

## Iberian

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### Etymology

Unambiguously compare Basque ur (“water”), possibly borrowed into Proto-Basque *(h)ur.

### Noun

ur
* water
* rain
    tikaś urImpure water

#### Derived terms

* tikasur

#### References

* Villamor, Fernando (2020) A basic dictionary and grammar of the Iberian language

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish or (“limit, boundary, extreme; border, hem”) (compare Welsh or (“limit, border”)).

### Noun

ur m (genitive singular ura, nominative plural ura)
* (literary) border, edge

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ur
ura
vocative
a ur
a ura
genitive
ura
ur
dative
ur
ura
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ur
na hura
genitive
an ura
na n-ur
dative
leis an ur don ur
leis na hura :

#### Derived terms

* go hura an domhain (“to the ends of the earth”)
* ur in ur (“from end to end”)
* ur le hur (“edge to edge, side by side”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ur”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 or”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Istro-Romanian
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus (compare Daco-Romanian un), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one, single”).

### Numeral

ur
* one

## Kott
### Etymology

Unknown. A connection to Iberian ur (“water, rain”) can be suggested without any additional confirmation.

### Noun

ur
* rain

## Middle English
### Determiner

ur
* Alternative form of oure (“our”)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Middle Low German ur or ure, compare with German Uhr.

### Noun

ur n (definite singular uret, indefinite plural ur, definite plural ura or urene)
* clock
* watch

#### Synonyms

* (clock): klokke

#### Derived terms

* armbåndsur
* gjøkur
* solur
* urmaker

### References

* “ur” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Middle Low German ur or ure, compare with German Uhr.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʉːr/

#### Noun

ur n (definite singular uret, indefinite plural ur, definite plural ura)
* clock
* watch

##### Synonyms

* (clock): klokke

##### Derived terms

* solur

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse úr n. Doublet of yr.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʉːr/

#### Noun

ur m (definite singular uren, indefinite plural urar, definite plural urane)
* a raincloud in the distance, usually
* a cold breeze

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

ur f (definite singular ura, indefinite plural urer, definite plural urene)
* Alternative form of urd

### References

* “ur” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* ru

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ūraz. This root survives in the modern English aurochs (though that word is a loan from German), hence its meaning.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uːr/

### Noun

ūr m
* aurochs
* The runic character ᚢ (/uː/ or /u/).
** The Old English rune poem
    ᚢ byþ ānmōd and oferhyrnded...The aurochs is steadfast and great-horned...

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: oure (rare)

## Old Saxon
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ūruz.

### Noun

ūr m
* bison, aurochs
* The runic character ᚢ (/uː/ or /u/).

#### Declension
## Romagnol
### Pronunciation

   * (Central Romagnol): IPA: [ˈuːɾ]
      * (Ville Unite):

### Noun

ur m pl
* plural of ör

### References

Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 408

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* our (Surmiran)

### Etymology

From Latin ōra.

### Noun

ur m (plural urs)
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Puter, Vallader) edge, margins

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish for. Cognates include Irish bhur.

### Determiner

ur (triggers eclipsis)
* your (formal and/or plural)
    Ciamar a tha ur sgòrnan, a sheanair? ― How is your throat, grandfather?
    Bhruidhinn mi ri ur màthraichean. ― I spoke to your (respective) mothers.

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition; $^H$ Triggers H-prothesis; $^N$ Triggers eclipsis $^1$ Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

### References

* “ur” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.

## Sumerian
### Romanization

ur
* Romanization of 𒌨 (ur)

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʉːr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ʉːr

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse ór, úr, from Proto-Germanic *uz.

#### Preposition

ur
* out of, (out) from

### Etymology 2

From German Uhr, from Old French houre, from Latin hōra, from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time, season, year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁- (“year, season”).

#### Noun

ur n
* watch, clock (usually mechanical and when greater emphasis is put on the mechanism)

##### Synonyms

* klocka
* rova (“pocket watch”)

##### Derived terms

* armbandsur
* atomur
* cesiumur
* damur
* digitalur
* dykarur
* fickur
* golvur
* guldur
* gökur
* herrur
* kontrollur
* kvartsur
* kyrkur
* maserur
* matchur
* pendelur
* precisionsur
* repeterur
* reseur
* schackur
* slagur
* solur
* startur
* stoppur
* ståndur
* synkronur
* tidtagarur
* tidur
* tornur
* urtavla
* urverk
* väckarur
* väggur

### Etymology 3

From Old Swedish ūr, Old Norse úr, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“to rain”), in which case related to Latin urina.

#### Noun

ur n
* (obsolete) drizzle

##### Derived terms

* i ur och skur (“through thick and thin; lit. through drizzle and rain”)

### Further reading

* ur in Svensk ordbok.
* ur in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

## Tarifit
### Noun

ur m (Tifinagh spelling ⵓⵔ, plural urawen, diminutive tutc)
* Alternative spelling of uř: heart

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish اور (ur, “cyst, tumor”), from Proto-Turkic *ur (“growth, excrescence”).

### Noun

ur (definite accusative uru, plural urlar)
* tumour

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
ur
urlar
definite accusative
uru
urları
dative
ura
urlara
locative
urda
urlarda
ablative
urdan
urlardan
genitive
urun
urların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
urum
urlarım
2nd singular
urun
urların
3rd singular
uru
urları
1st plural
urumuz
urlarımız
2nd plural
urunuz
urlarınız
3rd plural
urları
urları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
urumu
urlarımı
2nd singular
urunu
urlarını
3rd singular
urunu
urlarını
1st plural
urumuzu
urlarımızı
2nd plural
urunuzu
urlarınızı
3rd plural
urlarını
urlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
uruma
urlarıma
2nd singular
uruna
urlarına
3rd singular
uruna
urlarına
1st plural
urumuza
urlarımıza
2nd plural
urunuza
urlarınıza
3rd plural
urlarına
urlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
urumda
urlarımda
2nd singular
urunda
urlarında
3rd singular
urunda
urlarında
1st plural
urumuzda
urlarımızda
2nd plural
urunuzda
urlarınızda
3rd plural
urlarında
urlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
urumdan
urlarımdan
2nd singular
urundan
urlarından
3rd singular
urundan
urlarından
1st plural
urumuzdan
urlarımızdan
2nd plural
urunuzdan
urlarınızdan
3rd plural
urlarından
urlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
urumun
urlarımın
2nd singular
urunun
urlarının
3rd singular
urunun
urlarının
1st plural
urumuzun
urlarımızın
2nd plural
urunuzun
urlarınızın
3rd plural
urlarının
urlarının :

#### Synonyms

* tümör