OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# اشكجی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From اشك (eşek, “donkey”) +‎ ـجی (-cı, -ci, occupational suffix).

### Noun

اشكجی • (eşekci)
* dealer in donkeys or donkey-driver
    Synonym: مركبجی (merkebci)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: eşekçi
* → Armenian: էշեքճի (ēšekʻči)

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اشك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 62
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “eşekci”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1497
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اشكجی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 98
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Asinarius”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 90
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اشكجی”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 243
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اشكجی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 122
# ginostegio
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xinosˈtexjo/ [xi.nosˈt̪e.xjo]
* Rhymes: -exjo
* Syllabification: gi‧nos‧te‧gio

### Noun

ginostegio m (plural ginostegios)
* gynostegium
# ג׳ונגל
## Hebrew
### Noun

ג׳וּנְגֶּל • (júngel) m (plural indefinite ג׳וּנְגְּלִים)
* jungle
# საგაზაფხულო
## Georgian
### Etymology

From გაზაფხული (gazapxuli, “spring”) +‎ სა- -ო (sa- -o).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [saɡazapʰχuɫo]
* Hyphenation: სა‧გა‧ზა‧ფხუ‧ლო

### Adjective

საგაზაფხულო • (sagazapxulo) (indeclinable, comparative უფრო საგაზაფხულო, superlative ყველაზე საგაზაფხულო)
* vernal
* spring (as in spring semester)
# asparagus beetle
## English
### Noun

asparagus beetle (plural asparagus beetles)
* Any of a number of small beetles of the genus Crioceris, such as Crioceris asparagi, that are destructive to asparagus.

#### Derived terms

* common asparagus beetle
* spotted asparagus beetle

### References

* “asparagus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# babiroussa
## English
### Alternative forms

* babirusa, babirussa
* babyroussa

### Etymology

From French babiroussa, from Malay babi rusa (“babiroussa, deer hog”).

### Noun

babiroussa (plural babiroussas)
* Any large hoglike quadruped, of the genus Babyrousa, found in the East Indies, sometimes domesticated, with its upper canine teeth or tusks large and recurved.
    Synonym: Indian hog

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* babirousas

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay babi rusa (“babiroussa, deer hog”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.bi.ʁu.sa/

### Noun

babiroussa m (plural babiroussas)
* babiroussa

### Further reading

* “babiroussa”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# استراق
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of اِسْتَرَقَ (istaraqa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ti.raːq/
* Rhymes: -aːq

### Noun

اِسْتِرَاق • (istirāq) m
* verbal noun of اِسْتَرَقَ (istaraqa) (form VIII)

#### Descendants

* → Persian: استراق (esterâq)
* → Ottoman Turkish: استراق (istirâk)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِرَاق (istirāq).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔis.ti.ˈɾɑːq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ːq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ːq]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ːq]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰi.ɾɔ́ːq]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔes.t̪ʰe.ɹɒ́ːɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰi.ɾɔ́q]

### Noun

استراق • (esterâq)
* (rare, except in استراق سمع) stealing

#### Derived terms

* استراق سمع (esterâq-e sam', “eavesdropping”)
# استعاره
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِعَارَة (istiʕāra).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔis.ti.ʔɑː.ˈɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞.ʔɑː.ɾǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞.ʔɑː.ɾǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪs.t̪ʰi.jɑː.ɾǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰi.jɔː.ɾǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔes.t̪ʰe.ʔɒː.ɹé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔis.t̪ʰi.ʔɔ.ɾǽ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

استعاره • (este'âre) (plural استعاره‌ها (este'âre-hâ) or استعارات (este'ârât))
* metaphor
* (archaic) borrowing

#### Related terms

* استعاری (este'âri)
# Orobanchaceae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Orobanche +‎ -aceae.

### Proper noun

Orobanchaceae
* A taxonomic family within the order Lamiales – numerous flowering plants, some called broomrape, chiefly parasitic on roots of other plants.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, eudicots, core eudicots, asterids, euasterids I – clades; Lamiales – order

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Buchnereae, Cymbarieae, Lindenbergieae, Orobancheae, Pedicularideae, Rehmannieae, Rhinantheae – tribes
** Aeginetia, Agalinis, Alectra, Anisantherina, Asepalum, Aureolaria, Bartsia, Baumia, Boschniakia, Buchnera, Bungea, Buttonia, Campbellia, Castilleja, Centranthera, Christisonia, Cistanche, Clevelandia, Conopholis, Cordylanthus, Cyclocheilon, Cycniopsis, Cycnium, Cymbaria, Dasistoma, Dasystoma, Epifagus, Escobedia, Esterhazya, Euphrasia, Gerardia, Gerardiina, Ghikaea, Gleadovia, Graderia, Harveya, Hedbergia, Hiernia, Kopsiopsis, Lamourouxia, Lathraea, Leptorhabdos, Macranthera, Macrosyringion, Mannagettaea, Melampyrum, Melasma, Micrargeria, Monochasma, Myzorrhiza, Nesogenes, Nothochilus, Odontites, Omphalotrix, Orobanche, Orthantha, Orthocarpus, Parentucellia, Pedicularis, Petitmenginia, Phacellanthus, Phtheirospermum, Physocalyx, Pseudobartsia, Pterygiella, Radamaea, Rhamphicarpa, Rhinanthus, Rhynchocorys, Seymeria, Silviella, Siphonostegia, Sopubia Striga, Thalesia, Tozzia, Triphysaria, Vellosiella, Xizangia – genera

### References

* Orobanchaceae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Orobanchaceae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Orobanchaceae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Orobanchaceae at Parasitic Plants at Southern Illinois University
* Orobanchaceae at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Orobanchaceae at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Orobanchaceae at APWeb
# pseudo-Latinism
## English
### Etymology

From pseudo- +‎ Latinism.

### Noun

pseudo-Latinism (plural pseudo-Latinisms)
* (lexicography) A pseudo-loan that appears to be a Latin loan found in another language.

#### See also

* pseudo-latinism

#### See also

* pseudo-anglicism
# اشتراط
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of اِشْتَرَطَ (ištaraṭa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iʃ.ti.raːtˤ/
* Rhymes: -aːtˤ

### Noun

اِشْتِرَاط • (ištirāṭ) m
* verbal noun of اِشْتَرَطَ (ištaraṭa) (form VIII)

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: اشتراط (iştirât)
# Laurasiatheria
## Translingual
### Etymology

From English Laurasia + Theria.

### Pronunciation

* English: IPA: /lɔːɹeɪʃiəˈθɪəɹiə/

### Proper noun

Laurasiatheria
* A taxonomic superorder within the magnorder Boreoeutheria – carnivorans, bats, ungulates, pangolins, and eulipotyphlans.

#### Hypernyms

* (magnorder): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class, Theria – subclass, Eutheria/Placentalia – infraclass, Boreoeutheria – magnorder

#### Hyponyms

* (superorder): Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates), Carnivora (land and sea carnivores), Chiroptera (bats), †Cimolesta (extinct), †Creodonta (extinct), Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, etc.), †Mesonychia (extinct), Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates), Pholidota (pangolins) – orders

### References

* Laurasiatheria on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Laurasiatheria on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Laurasiatheria on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# Indian Ocean
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Proper noun

the Indian Ocean
* The ocean separating Africa, southern Asia, Australia and Antarctica.
** 1970, Joseph B. R. Whitney, China: Area, Administration, and Nation Building‎, Department of Geography, University of Chicago, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 38:In the west, the outer periphery of the Inner Zone is the great divide separating Pacific Ocean and South China Sea drainage on the one hand, from drainage oriented towards Hsin-chiang in the northwest and towards the Indian Ocean in the southwest, on the other.

#### Translations
### See also

* oceans: Antarctic Ocean~Southern Ocean · Arctic Ocean · Atlantic Ocean · Indian Ocean · Pacific Ocean

### Further reading

* “Indian Ocean”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* “Indian Ocean”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
# photo finish
## English
### Noun

photo finish (plural photo finishes)
* (sports) The finish of a race in which the leaders are so close together that the winner cannot be identified using the naked eye but is determined by means of a photograph.
    Hypernym: blanket finish
* (by extension) A very close outcome of any competition.

#### See also

* neck and neck

### Further reading

* photo finish on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English photo finish.

### Noun

photo finish m (uncountable)
* Alternative form of fotofinish
# peer-to-peer
## English
### Adjective

peer-to-peer (not comparable)
* (of a social network of equal partners) Able to conduct business without using a middleman.
** 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.
* (computing, of a network) Connected as equal partners and able to share processing, control and access to data and peripherals; decentralized.
    Synonym: P2P
** 2004, Dinesh Verma, Legitimate Applications of Peer-to-Peer Networks, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 98:With the peer-to-peer backup paradigm, each file is copied over to another peer in the system rather than to a central backup site.

#### Derived terms

* peer-to-peer economy
* peer-to-peer lending

#### See also

* one-to-one
# arm in arm
## English
### Alternative forms

* arm-in-arm

### Adverb

arm in arm (not comparable)
* With arms linked together; with arms around each other's shoulder or waist. (of two or more people)
    Synonym: arm in crook
    The two friends walked along arm in arm.
** 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:Buckingham, doth York intend no harm to us, That thus he marcheth with thee arm in arm?
** 1868–1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, Little Women: […], (please specify |part=1 or 2), Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, pages 82-83:[…] Laurie came running down stairs, and brought up with a start of surprise at the sight of Jo arm in arm with his redoubtable grandfather.
** 2015, Paul Beatty, chapter 23, in The Sellout, New York: Macmillan:Foy had prepped his troops for a boisterous chorus of “We Shall Overcome.” They were joined together arm-in-arm, swaying and humming slowly to the beat.
* (figuratively) In collusion, in concert (with someone).
** 1989, Kazuo Ishiguro, The Remains of the Day‎, London: Faber and Faber, pages 75–76:‘Frenchmen. Really, I mean to say, Stevens, Frenchmen. […] And to think we have to be seen by the world to be arm in arm with them. One wishes for a good bath at the mere reminder.’

#### Translations
### See also

* hand in hand
# 똥 묻은 개가 겨 묻은 개 나무란다
## Korean
### Etymology

Literally, "The dung-smeared dog scolds the grain husk-smeared dog".

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͈o̞ŋ mudɯn kɛɡa̠ kjʌ̹ mudɯn kɛ na̠muɾa̠nda̠] ~ [t͈o̞ŋ mudɯn ke̞ɡa̠ kjʌ̹ mudɯn ke̞ na̠muɾa̠nda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [똥 무든 개가 겨 무든 개 나무란다/똥 무든 게가 겨 무든 게 나무란다]

### Proverb

똥 묻은 개가 겨 묻은 개 나무란다 • (ttong mudeun gae-ga gyeo mudeun gae namuranda)
* pot calling the kettle black

#### Synonyms

* 겨 묻은 개가 똥 묻은 개를 나무란다 (gyeo mudeun gae-ga ttong mudeun gae-reul namuranda)
# 겨 묻은 개가 똥 묻은 개를 나무란다
## Korean
### Etymology

Literally, "The grain husk-smeared dog scolds the dung-smeared dog".

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kjʌ̹ mudɯn kɛɡa̠ t͈o̞ŋ mudɯn kɛɾɯɭ na̠muɾa̠nda̠] ~ [kjʌ̹ mudɯn ke̞ɡa̠ t͈o̞ŋ mudɯn ke̞ɾɯɭ na̠muɾa̠nda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [겨 무든 개가 똥 무든 개를 나무란다/겨 무든 게가 똥 무든 게를 나무란다]

### Proverb

겨 묻은 개가 똥 묻은 개를 나무란다 • (gyeo mudeun gae-ga ttong mudeun gae-reul namuranda)
* pot calling the kettle black

#### Synonyms

* 똥 묻은 개가 겨 묻은 개 나무란다 (ttong mudeun gae-ga gyeo mudeun gae namuranda)
# verbinden
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch verbinden, from Old Dutch *farbindan, from Proto-West Germanic *frabindan. Equivalent to ver- +‎ binden. Cognate with German verbinden and Old English forbindan (whence Middle English forbinden).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /vərˈbɪndə(n)/

### Verb

verbinden
* to connect, link up
    Synonyms: connecteren (somewhat formal), connecten (informal)
* to bandage

#### Derived terms

* verband
* verbinder
* verbinding

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: verbind
* Negerhollands: verbind

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German verbinden, from Old High German firbintan, from Proto-West Germanic *frabindan. Equivalent to ver- +‎ binden. Cognate with Dutch verbinden and Old English forbindan (whence Middle English forbinden).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [fɛɐ̯ˈbɪndn̩], [fɛɐ̯ˈbɪndən]
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪndn̩

### Verb

verbinden (class 3 strong, third-person singular present verbindet, past tense verband, past participle verbunden, past subjunctive verbände, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to join, to combine, to connect, to interlink
** 2010, Der Spiegel‎, number 46/2010, page 103:In nur 28 Minuten soll ein neuer Schnellzug künftig Tel Aviv und Jerusalem verbinden.In only 28 minutes, a new express train is to connect Tel Aviv and Jerusalem in the future.
* (medicine) to bandage
* (telephony) to put through

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* durchverbinden
* Verbinden
* Verbinder
* verbindlich
* Verbindung
* weiterverbinden
* zurückverbinden

#### Related terms

* abbinden
* anbinden
* aufbinden
* einbinden
* entbinden
* festbinden
* hochbinden
* losbinden
* überbinden
* umbinden
* zubinden

### Further reading

* “verbinden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “verbinden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “verbinden” in Duden online
* “verbinden” in OpenThesaurus.de

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch *farbindan, from Proto-West Germanic *frabindan. Equivalent to ver- +‎ binden.

### Verb

verbinden
* to connect

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: verbinden
** Afrikaans: verbind
** Negerhollands: verbind
# A to Z
## English
### Alternative forms

* a to z

### Noun

A to Z (countable and uncountable, plural A to Zs)
* (British English) Any of a set of street maps of most British towns and cities; properly the Geographer's A–Z Street Atlas.
    I always keep a small set of A to Zs in the car.
* (uncountable) All facts related to a subject
** 1994, Theresa Funiciello, Tyranny of Kindness‎, →ISBN, page 61:They arrived laden with government reports, books, and assorted papers on the A to Z of welfare […]
* (often in titles) An encyclopedic or comprehensive guide.
    The A to Z of Typesetting

### Adverb

A to Z (not comparable)
* Alphabetical order; lexical order.
    The listings run A to Z.
* From beginning to the end.
* Over the entirety; completely.

#### Synonyms

* alpha to omega
* from A to Z
* from aardvark to zymurgy

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Brown, Lesley (2003)
* Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “A to Z”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 1.
# stray dog
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

stray dog (plural stray dogs)
* An ownerless dog, a roaming wild or half-wild dog.
    Synonyms: (in Indian contexts) pariah, (in Indian contexts) pariah dog, pie, pie-dog, pye, pye-dog

#### See also

* alley cat
* pavement special
# charakteryzowanie
## Polish
### Etymology

From charakteryzować +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xa.rak.tɛ.rɘ.zɔˈva.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲɛ
* Syllabification: cha‧rak‧te‧ry‧zo‧wa‧nie

### Noun

charakteryzowanie n
* verbal noun of charakteryzować

#### Declension
### Further reading

* charakteryzowanie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# gemetan
## Old English
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *gamōtijaną (compare Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gamōtjan)), equivalent to ġe- +‎ mētan.

#### Alternative forms

* ġemœ̄tan — Anglian

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeˈmeː.tɑn/

#### Verb

ġemētan (West Saxon)
* to meet, encounter, come upon
** The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
    ⁊ þǣre ilcan dæġe rād Æþelmund ealdormann of Hwiċċum ofer æt Cynemǣresford. Ðā ġemette hine Wīhstān ealdormann mid Wilsǣtum, ⁊ þǣr wæs myċel ġefeoht, ⁊ þǣr bēġen ofsleġene wurdan þā ealdormenn, ⁊ Wilsǣte naman siġe.And on that same day Alderman Aethelmund rode from Hwicce to Kempsford. There he encountered Alderman Wihstan, who was with men of Wiltshire. And there was a great battle, and both aldermen were slain, and the men of Wiltshire won a victory.
* to find, discover
** c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of the Innocents"
    Farað ardlice, and befrīnað be ðam cilde, and þonne ġē hit ġemētað, cyðað me, þæt ic máge me to him gebiddan.Go instantly, and inquire concerning the child, and when ye find it, let me know, that I may worship him.

##### Synonyms

* mētan

### Etymology 2

From ġe- +‎ metan. Cognate with Old High German gimezzan, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamitan).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeˈme.tɑn/

#### Verb

ġemetan
* to mete, measure, determine the size or quantity
* to measure back or again
# Wilsæta
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwil.sæː.tɑ/, [ˈwiɫ.zæː.tɑ]

### Proper noun

Wilsǣta
* genitive plural of Wilsǣte
# إقليم
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλίμα (klíma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔiq.liːm/

### Noun

إِقْلِيم • (ʔiqlīm) m (plural أَقَالِيم (ʔaqālīm))
* region, climate (geographical area of the earth, particularly a zone of latitude)
* territory (geographical area under the legal control of a country)

#### Derived terms

* إقْلِيمِيّ (ʔiqlīmiyy)
* تَأَقْلَمَ (taʔaqlama)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: iqlim
* → Hebrew: אַקְלִים (aklím)
* → Javanese: iklim
* → Malay: iklim
** Indonesian: iklim
* → Persian: اقلیم
* → Sundanese: ᮄᮊᮣᮤᮙ᮪ (iklim)
* → Tigre: አቅሊም (ʾäḳlim)
* → Ottoman Turkish: اقلیم (iklim)
** → Turkish: iklim
* → Turkmen: yklym
* → Uyghur: ئىقلىم (iqlim)
* → Uzbek: iqlim

### See also

* مناخ (munāḵ, manāḵ)
# pooh-pooh
## English
### Etymology

From a reduplication of pooh (“an utterance of the word pooh”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌpuːˈpuː/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈpuˈpu/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -uː

### Verb

pooh-pooh (third-person singular simple present pooh-poohs, present participle pooh-poohing, simple past and past participle pooh-poohed)
* (transitive) To dismiss idly with contempt or derision.
** 1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, chapter 58, in Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 578:[W]hen he went abroad with Dombey and was chasing that vagabond up and down France, J. Bagstock would have pooh-pooh'd you—would have pooh-pooh'd you, Sir, by the Lord!
** c. 1861, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “On Ribbons”, in Roundabout Papers, London: Smith, Elder & Co., published 1863, →OCLC:In England, until very late days, we have been accustomed rather to pooh-pooh national Orders, to vote ribbons and crosses tinsel gewgaws, foolish foreign ornaments, and so forth.
** 1861, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter VIII, in Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, part I, page 119:Mr Macey, though he joined in the defence of Marner against all suspicions of deceit, also pooh-poohed the tinder-box; indeed, repudiated it as a rather impious suggestion, tending to imply that everything must be done by human hands, and that there was no power which could make away with the guineas without moving the bricks.
** 2001 June 21, Murray Sayle, “After George W. Bush, the deluge”, in London Review of Books‎, volume 23, number 12, archived from the original on 9 September 2016, pages 3–9:Pooh-poohing the IPCC's science has been one line of attack by [George W.] Bush's backers.
** 2004 September 23, David Simpson, “The kid who talked too much and became President”, in London Review of Books‎, volume 26, number 18, archived from the original on 18 March 2016, pages 3–5:[Bill] Clinton haters will pooh-pooh all of these acknowledgements as the index of a compulsive sociability that knows no limits and upholds no standards, a psychic necessity we should not make into a moral virtue.

#### Alternative forms

* poohpooh
* poopoo

### See also

* shit talk

### Further reading

* Pooh-pooh (informal fallacy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# 狸豆
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 狸 | 豆 |
| たぬき Hyōgai | まめ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Etymology

Literally, “tanuki bean”, 狸(たぬき) (tanuki, “raccoon-dog”) + 豆(まめ) (mame, “bean”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ta̠nɯ̟kʲima̠me̞]

### Noun

狸(たぬき)豆(まめ) or 狸豆(タヌキマメ) • (tanukimame)
* rattlebox (Crotalaria sessiliflora)

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).
# اقتبال
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of اِقْتَبَلَ (iqtabala).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iq.ti.baːl/
* Rhymes: -aːl

### Noun

اِقْتِبَال • (iqtibāl) m
* verbal noun of اِقْتَبَلَ (iqtabala) (form VIII)
# ѩдѣ
## Old Church Slavonic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic [Term?].

### Preposition

ѩдѣ • (jędě)
* near [with genitive]

### References

* “ѩдѣ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025