# tok
## Translingual
### Symbol

tok
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Toki Pona.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Toki Pona terms

## Albanian
### Etymology 1

An onomatopoeia, similar to Italian toccare (“to touch, to tap”).

#### Verb

tok (aorist toka, participle tokur) (transitive)
* to cut or hit meat to mince it or make meatballs
    Synonym: grij
* to sharpen (scythe or sickle)
    Synonym: kalit
    toku draprin ― tempering the sickle
* knock
    Synonym: trokas
* to hit (or handshake) someone's hand to greet them, toast someone by clinking glasses
    Synonym: çokas
    tokën duart ― they high fived
    tokën gotat ― they toasted with glasses

##### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

##### Alternative forms

* toku

##### Derived terms

* toka

##### Related terms

* tokë
* cek

### Etymology 2

A semantic variation of the above mentioned verb.

#### Adverb

tok
* together
    Synonyms: bashkërisht, grumbull, së bashku

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tok”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 459

### Further reading

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Russian ток (tok).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tok]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tok (definite accusative toku, plural toklar)
* (colloquial) current (electric)
    Synonym: cərəyan
    onu tok vurdu ― he got an electric shock
    toka qoşmaq ― to power up, to plug in
    toka vermək ― to give electric shocks (in order to torture or kill)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tok” in Obastan.com.

## Chickasaw
### Particle

tok
* particle used to express actions in the past.
    Hatuk nakni aiya achumpa tok.That man went to town.(literally, “That man go town (past tense).”)

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtok]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tok m inan
* flow

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tok”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “tok”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “tok”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Low German tog, from Middle Low German tog, from Old Saxon *tugi, from Proto-West Germanic *tugi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʰoːk/
* Rhymes: -oːk

### Noun

tok n (genitive singular toks, plural tok)
* train

#### Derived terms

* tokferð
* tokrán
* tokránsmaður
* toksamanbrestur
* tokskifti
* tokstøð
* tokvanlukka
* tokvognur

### References

* "tok" at Sprotin.fo

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtok]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: tok
* Rhymes: -ok

### Etymology 1

Unknown.

#### Noun

tok (plural tokok)
* holder
* case
* cover
* sheath

##### Derived terms

* tokmány
(Compound words):
* portok
* tokkal-vonóval

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from Turkic, probably before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries). Compare also Armenian թուխու (tʻuxu, “sturgeon”).

#### Noun

tok (plural tokok)
* sturgeon (a type of fish)

##### Declension
### References

* 1 2 tok in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* (case, sheath): tok in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* (sturgeon): tok in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Kokborok
### Alternative forms

* tau

### Etymology

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”). Cognate with Bodo (India) दाव (dao), Atong (India) taw·, Garo do·o.

### Noun

tok
* bird

### References

* Debbarma, Binoy (2001) “tok”, in Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary‎, Language Wing, Education Department, TTAADC, →ISBN, page 129

## Kusunda
### Pronoun

tok
* we (first-person plural pronoun)

### References

* David E. Watters (2006) “Notes on Kusunda Grammar: A Language Isolate of Nepal”, in Himalayan Linguistics‎, page 44

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

tok
* simple past of ta

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

tok
* past of ta and taka

## Polabian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *takъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔk/

### Pronoun

tok
* such

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔk/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈtɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔk
* Syllabification: tok
* Homophone: tog

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

#### Noun

tok m inan
* process
    Synonyms: proces, przebieg
* course
    tok zdarzeń ― course of events
* (in certain collocations) train
    tok myślenia ― train of thought
* current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction)
* (in compounds) -rrhea (excessive flow)
    ślinotok ― sialorrhea
    łojotok ― seborrhea
* (ethology) courtship display
* (Far Masovian) Synonym of koryto
** (Far Masovian) water trough (trough for giving water to cattle and horses)
    Hypernym: koryto

##### Derived terms

* krwotok
* łojotok
* łzotok
* płynotok
* ropotok
* ślinotok
* tokowisko
* w toku

##### Related terms

* potok
* toczyć impf

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French toque.

#### Noun

tok m inan
* (archaic) toque (type of hat)
    Synonym: toczek

##### Declension
### Further reading

* tok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* tok in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “tok”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 123

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. Cognate to e-grade tȅći.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tôːk/

#### Noun

tȏk m (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)
* flow
* stream, current
* flux
    sv(j)etlosni tok ― luminous flux
    energijski tok ― energy flux
* (Croatia) spatial movement (as opposed to temporal movement, compare tijȇk)

##### Derived terms

* pòtok
* prítok
* pròtok
* tȏkom

#### Further reading

* “tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish طوقه (compare Turkish toka).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tôːk/

#### Noun

tȏk m (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)
* (regional) sheath, scabbard
    Synonym: korice

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tɔk]

### Noun

tok m inan (declension pattern of dub)
* flow
* current

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tóːk/

#### Noun

tọ̑k m inan
* current

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From Hungarian tok.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔ́k/, /tóːk/

#### Noun

tȍk or tọ̑k m inan
* holder
* case

##### Inflection
### Further reading

* “tok”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “tok”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Southeastern Tepehuan
### Etymology

Cognate with Northern Tepehuan tóki, O'odham toki.

### Noun

tok
* cotton

### References

* R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎ (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 168

## Swedish
### Etymology

Dialectal, perhaps of imitative origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuːk/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tok c
* crazy person, fool, wacko (stupid and/or crazy (and silly) person)
    köra som en tokdrive like a fool/madman
* shrubby cinquefoil (short form of ölandstok)

#### Derived terms

* tokrolig
* tokstolle

#### Related terms

* på tok
* tok-
* toka
* tokig
* tokighet

### References

* tok in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* tok in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* tok in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* okt

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English talk.

### Noun

tok
* message; news; speech; announcement
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:22:Na God i mekim gutpela tok bilong givim strong long ol. Em i tokim ol olsem, “Yupela ol kain kain samting bilong solwara, yupela i mas kamap planti na pulapim olgeta hap bilong solwara. Na yupela ol pisin, yupela i mas kamap planti long graun.”→New International Version translation
* rumour
* word
* language

#### Derived terms

* bekim tok
* Tok Pisin
* Tok Pisin bilong Solomon
* tokples

#### Related terms

* toktok

### Verb

tok intrans., transitive tokim
* (intransitive) to speak, talk
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:3:Na God i tok olsem, “Lait i mas kamap.” Orait lait i kamap.And God said this, "Light must appear." So light appeared.

#### Related terms

* tokim

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish طوق (ṭoḳ), from Proto-Turkic *tok, from *tod- (“to become satiated”) or *to- (“to fill up; to close, to block”).
* Azerbaijani tox
* Bashkir туҡ (tuq)
* Crimean Tatar toq
* Karaim тох
* Karakhanid تُقْ (toq)
* Kazakh тоқ (toq)
* Kyrgyz ток (tok)
* Old Turkic 𐱃𐰸 (t¹q̊¹)
* Turkmen dok
* Uyghur توق (toq)
* Uzbek toʻq

### Adjective

tok
* Not hungry; sated, full.
    Synonym: doymuş
    Antonym: aç
* (of fabric) thickly, densely woven
* (of voice) deep and loud

#### Declension

For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.

#### Derived terms

* gözü tok
* karnı tok
* tok açın hâlinden bilmez
* tok karnına
* tok tutmak
* tokgözlü
* tokluk

#### Related terms

* doldurmak
* dolgu
* dolgun
* dolma
* dolmak
* dolu
* doygun
* doymak

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طوق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1258
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 819
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “طوق”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 901
* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 tok”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 464
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dod-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tok”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “tok”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “tok³”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4848

## Vilamovian
### Etymology

From Middle High German tocke, from Old High German toccha (“doll”), from Proto-Germanic *dokko (“something round”), related to *dukkǭ (“muscle, strength”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeu-k- (“to spin, shake”); cognate with German Docke (“corn dolly”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tok f (plural toka, diminutive takla)
* doll

### References

* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Tok”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.