# regnum
## English
### Etymology

From Latin rēgnum (“kingdom”). Doublet of reign.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈɹɛɡ.nəm/

### Noun

regnum (plural regnums or regna)
* (biology, taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below dominium and above divisio.
    Synonym: kingdom
* A badge of royalty, especially the early form of the pope's tiara.

### Anagrams

* Munger

## Latin
### Etymology

From rēx (“king”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈreːɡ.num/, [ˈreːŋnʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈreɲ.ɲum/, [ˈrɛɲːum]

### Noun

rēgnum n (genitive rēgnī); second declension
* royal power, power, control, reign
* kingdom, realm, throne
    Sum sine rēgnō. ― I am without a kingdom.
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.199–200:Templa Iovī centum lātīs immānia rēgnīs, centum ārās posuit [...].[Iarbas] in his far-reaching realms had built a hundred great temples, a hundred altars, for Jupiter. (See: Iarbas, Iovi.)
* kingship, royalty
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.461–462:‘quī modo, sī volucrēs habuissem rēgna iubentēs, in populō potuī maximus esse meō’“I who just now, if I would have had the bird-omens ordaining kingship, I might have been able to be the greatest among my people.” (The ghost of Remus laments how the auspices or bird-omens instead favored his brother Romulus to be king; see Romulus and Remus.)
* in a negative sense: despotism, tyranny, aspiring to or seeking the throne or royal power during the Roman Republic
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.189–190:vīxit, ut occīderet damnātus crīmine rēgnī: hunc illī titulum longa senecta dabat.He lived, that he might die, having been condemned in the crime of [aspiring to] royal power: This [is] the title that was given him in old age. (See: Marcus Manlius Capitolinus.)

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Derived terms

* rēgnō
* vicerēgnum

#### Descendants

* Old Leonese: regno
** Asturian: reinu
** Extremaduran: reinu
** Leonese: reinu
** Mirandese: reino
* Catalan: regne
* Dalmatian: raigno
* French: règne
** → English: reign
** → Romanian: regn
* Friulian: regn
* Italian: regno
* Ligurian: régno
* Old Galician-Portuguese: reino, reyno
** Fala: reinu
** Galician: reino
** Portuguese: reino
* Piedmontese: regn
* Sicilian: regnu
* Sardinian: regnu, arregnu, rennu
* Spanish: reino
* Translingual: regnum

### References

* “regnum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “regnum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "regnum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* regnum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to take upon oneself absolute power: imperium, regnum, tyrannidem occupare to aspire to the sovereignty: regnum appetere (B. G. 7. 4) to obtain the sovereignty, kingly office: regnum adipisci to invest some one with royal power: alicui regnum deferre, tradere to restore a king to his throne (not in solium): aliquem in regnum restituere (ambiguous) to depose a king: aliquem regno spoliare or expellere (Div. 1. 22. 74)
* “regnum”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrej.num/

### Noun

reġnum
* dative plural of reġn