OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# przewyższać
## Polish
### Etymology

From przewyższyć +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛˈvɘʂ.ʂat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘʂʂat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: prze‧wyż‧szać

### Verb

przewyższać impf (perfective przewyższyć)
* (transitive) to exceed, to outdo, to outstrip, to outrun, to surpass, to excel, to overtake, to top (to become taller than someone or something else) [with o (+ accusative) ‘with what’]
* (transitive) to exceed, to outdo, to outstrip, to outrun, to surpass, to excel, to overtake, to top (to become bigger in size, quantity, or value than someone or something else) [with o (+ accusative) ‘with what’]
* (transitive) to exceed, to outdo, to outstrip, to outrun, to surpass, to excel, to overtake, to top (to go beyond someone or something in performance) [with instrumental ‘in what’]

#### Related terms

* przewyższenie

### Further reading

* przewyższać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przewyższać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# contrishelagh
## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English congregacioun + -agh (“suffix forming noun, borrowed from Irish -ach”).
The first g was replaced by an unetymological t. The middle ga was syncopated to simplify articulation. This is a vulgar pronunciation in Ireland.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔntrɪʃləx/

### Noun

contrishelagh
* collection, gathering (of things)

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 31
# Weinbergschnecke
## German
### Etymology

From Weinberg +‎ Schnecke.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvaɪ̯nbɛʁkˌʃnɛkə/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Wein‧berg‧schne‧cke
* Rhymes: -ɛkə

### Noun

Weinbergschnecke f (genitive Weinbergschnecke, plural Weinbergschnecken)
* apple snail, escargot (edible snail from the genus Helix)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Weinbergschnecke” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Weinbergschnecke” in Duden online
# ploughback
## English
### Noun

ploughback (plural ploughbacks)
* Alternative form of plowback
# ფართე
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰaɾtʰe]
* Hyphenation: ფარ‧თე

### Adjective

ფართე • (parte) (indeclinable, comparative უფრო ფართე, superlative ყველაზე ფართე)
* roomy
# აფხაზაშვილი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [apʰχazaʃʷili]
* Hyphenation: აფხა‧ზაშ‧ვი‧ლი

### Proper noun

აფხაზაშვილი • (apxazašvili)
* a surname

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# Nottingham
## English
### Etymology

Inherited from Old English Snotingahām. The Normans found the consonant cluster /sn/ difficult to pronounce, so the initial S was dropped.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈnɒt.ɪŋ.əm/
* Audio (UK):(file)

### Proper noun

Nottingham
* A city, unitary authority, and borough of Nottinghamshire, England.
* Ellipsis of University of Nottingham.
* A number of places in the United States:
** A township and unincorporated community therein, in Wells County, Indiana.
** An unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland.
** A small town in Prince George's County, Maryland.
** A town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire.
** An unincorporated community in Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey.
** A former village, now a neighbourhood of Cincinnati, Ohio.
** A township in Harrison County, Ohio.
** A township in Washington County, Pennsylvania.
** An unincorporated community in Pocahontas County, West Virginia.

#### Derived terms

* Nottingham group
* Nottingham white

#### Related terms

* Nottinghamshire
# Ponzer
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈponzɛr]

### Proper noun

Ponzer m anim (female equivalent Ponzerová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Ponzer”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# reply
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English replyen, replien, borrowed from Old French replier (“to reply”), from the Latin replicō, replicāre (“I fold back”) (in Late or Medieval Latin "to reply, repeat"), from re + plicō (“I fold”); the noun derives from the verb by nominalisation. Doublet of replicate and replica.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹɪˈplaɪ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪ
* Hyphenation: re‧ply

### Verb

reply (third-person singular simple present replies, present participle replying, simple past and past participle replied)
* (transitive, intransitive) To give a written or spoken response, especially to a question, request, accusation or criticism; to answer.
    (intransitive) Please reply to my letter.
    (transitive) "Sorry I'm late," replied the student.
    (transitive) He replied that he was not sure.
* (intransitive) To act or gesture in response.
    Joanne replied to Pete's insult with a slap to his face.
** 1988, Emmanuel Doe Ziorklui, Ghana: Nkrumah to Rawlings:It is a sound to be dreaded until you ascertain that it is being made by friendly forces; even then, your welcome to it must be tempered with some caution, because gunfire usually leads to replying gunfire […]
** 2012, Steve Cowens, Steel City Rivals:[…] bulged the onion bag for the Blades, and Downes and Prendergast replied for the Owls.
* (intransitive) To repeat something back; to echo.

#### Synonyms

* respond, answer, retort, answer back, react, rejoin, counter, return, revert, follow up, get back to

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

reply (plural replies)
* A written or spoken response; part of a conversation.
* Something given in reply.
* A counterattack.
* (music) The answer of a figure.
* (US, law) A document written by a party specifically replying to a responsive declaration and in some cases an answer.

#### Synonyms

* answer, comeback, response, retort, return, account, rejoinder, riposte, reaction

#### Translations
### Derived terms

* auto-reply
* business reply
* international reply coupon
* refer someone to the reply given in Arkell v Pressdram
* replyallpocalypse
* reply all storm
* reply device
* reply girl
* reply guy
* reply-ping
* reply vehicle
* timestamp reply

### Anagrams

* lepry, plyer
# cooloor
## Yola
### Alternative forms

* colure

### Etymology

Borrowed from Irish colúr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔːˈluːr/, /ˈkɔluːr/

### Noun

cooloor
* pigeon

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 31
# χλαμύς
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Semitic, compare Hebrew גְּלוֹם (glōm, “wrap, mantle, cloak”), Late Babylonian 𒌆𒄖𒇷𒉡 (TUG$_2$.gu-li-nu /⁠gulīnu, gulēnu, gulānu⁠/, “over-cloak, coat”) likely a West-Semitic loan, Aramaic גְלִימָא (glīmā, “wrap, mantle, cloak”), whence also χλᾰνῐ́ς (khlănĭ́s, “upper-garment of wool”), χλαῖνᾰ (khlaînă, “upper-garment, cloak, wrapper”); innovating the δ-stem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰla.mýs/ → /xlaˈmys/ → /xlaˈmis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kʰla.mýs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kʰlaˈmys/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /xlaˈmys/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /xlaˈmys/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /xlaˈmis/

### Noun

χλᾰμῠ́ς • (khlămŭ́s) f (genitive χλᾰμῠ́δος); third declension
* cloak, robe, mantle (especially a military or royal cloak)

#### Derived terms

* χλᾰμῠδουργός (khlămŭdourgós)
* χλᾰμῠδοφορέω (khlămŭdophoréō)

#### Descendants

* → Greek: χλαμύδα (chlamýda) (see there for further descendants)
* → Latin: chlamys, ⇒ sagochlamys (< *σᾰγοχλᾰμῠ́ς (*săgokhlămŭ́s)) (see there for further descendants)
* → Russian: хлами́да m (xlamída)

### Further reading

* “χλαμύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “χλαμύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* χλαμύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* G5511 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. cape idem, page 111.cloak idem, page 138.mantle idem, page 512.
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χλαῖνα [f.]”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1635-1636
* Szemerényi, Oswald (1974) “The origins of the Greek lexicon: Ex Oriente Lux”, in The Journal of Hellenic Studies‎, volume 94, →DOI, page 148
# Észak-Rajna-Vesztfália
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From észak (“north”) +‎ Rajna (“Rhine”) +‎ Vesztfália (“Westphalia”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈeːsɒkrɒjnɒvɛstfaːlijɒ]
* Hyphenation: Észak-Raj‧na-Veszt‧fá‧lia
* Rhymes: -jɒ

### Proper noun

Észak-Rajna-Vesztfália
* North Rhine-Westphalia (the most populous of the 16 component states of Germany, located in the west of the country)

#### Derived terms

* észak-rajna-vesztfáliai
# ფილოლოგიური
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʰiɫoɫoɡiuɾi]

### Adjective

ფილოლოგიური • (pilologiuri) (comparative უფრო ფილოლოგიური, superlative ყველაზე ფილოლოგიური)
* philological
# აქანე
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* აქანა (akana)

### Etymology

From აქ(ა) (ak(a)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [akʰane]
* Hyphenation: აქა‧ნე

### Adverb

აქანე • (akane)
* (Adjara, Guria) here

#### See also

* იქანე (ikane)
* იქანა (ikana)
# Peterborough
## English
### Etymology

From Peter +‎ borough, referring to Saint Peter the Apostle. Doublet of Petersburg.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpiːtə(ɹ)bəɹə/, /ˈpiːtə(ɹ)bɹə/
* Audio (UK):(file)

### Proper noun

Peterborough
* A cathedral city, unitary authority, and borough of Cambridgeshire, England.
* A town in South Australia, Australia.
* A town on the Great Ocean Road, Victoria, Australia.
* An independent city, the county seat of Peterborough County, Southern Ontario, Canada, named in honour of Peter Robinson.
* A town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States.

#### Derived terms

* Huntingdon and Peterborough
* Peterborough County (Ontario)
* Soke of Peterborough

### See also

* Petersburg
* Petersburgh
# Bedenk
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛdɛŋk]

### Proper noun

Bedenk m anim (female equivalent Bedenková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Bedenk”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# thales
## Welsh
### Verb

thales
* Aspirate mutation of tales.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# борон-борон заманда
## Bashkir
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʊ̞ˈɾʊ̞n.bʊ̞ˈɾʊ̞n.zɑ.mɑnˈdɑ]
* Hyphenation: бо‧рон-бо‧рон за‧ман‧да

### Adverb

борон-борон заманда • (boron-boron zamanda)
* The traditional beginning of fairy tales; once upon a time
    Борон-борон заманда йәшәгән ти ҡарт менән ҡарсыҡ.Boron-boron zamanda yəşəgən ti qart menən qarsıq.Once upon a time there lived an old man with an old woman.
# túaisi
## Old Irish
### Etymology

From a form related to Proto-Celtic *tausyeti (“to be silent”) (from *tausos, whence tóe (“silent”)), suffixed with an unknown element that resulted in Old Irish -ss- /s/. It cannot be directly from *tausyeti since the root-final s would have disappeared in such a formation, as it did in Welsh tewi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtuːa̯sʲi]

### Verb

·túaisi
* to listen, hear; be silent (unattested by itself; takes various preverbs to form verbs)

#### Derived terms

* ar·túaissi
* con·túaisi
* fo·éitsi
* in·túaisi

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 847, pages 651–652
# ქაფიანი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰapʰiani]

### Adjective

ქაფიანი • (kapiani) (comparative უფრო ქაფიანი, superlative ყველაზე ქაფიანი)
* barmy, foamy, frothy, scummy, yeasty, frothily
# აქლემი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Old Georgian აქლემი (aklemi). See it for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [akʰlemi]
* Hyphenation: აქ‧ლე‧მი

### Noun

აქლემი • (aklemi) (plural აქლემები)
* camel

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

#### Coordinate terms

* ლიონი (lioni)
* ჯამა (ǯama)
* კოზაკი (ḳozaḳi)
* დუკატი (duḳaṭi)

#### Derived terms

* ორკუზიანი აქლემი (orḳuziani aklemi)
* ცალკუზა აქლემი (calḳuza aklemi)

#### Descendants

* →? Bats: აქლამ (aklam)
* → Bezhta: акламо (aklamo)
* → Hunzib: а̇кламо (åklamo)
* → Laz: აქრემი (akremi), აქლემი (aklemi) — Khopa, Sarpi
* → Mingrelian: არქემი (arkemi)

## Laz
### Noun

აქლემი • (aklemi) (Latin spelling aklemi)
* Khopa and Sarpi form of აქრემი (akremi)

## Old Georgian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-West Semitic *gamal- but the chain of derivation and the phonetic changes involved are uncertain. The initial ა- (a-) has been explained by a supposed transliteration of Biblical Hebrew הגמלים (hagemālīm, “the camels”) in the Bible translation; others have pointed to Ancient Greek ἀκάμαλα (akámala) in Hesychius. Yet others suspect a metathesis from *ქამელი (*kameli). See also Proto-Nakh *imkal.

### Noun

აქლემი • (aklemi)
* camel

#### Derived terms

* აქლემვეფხი (aklemvepxi)
* მეაქლემეჲ (meaklemey)
* სირაქლემი (siraklemi)

#### Descendants

* Georgian: აქლემი (aklemi)
** →? Bats: აქლამ (aklam)
** → Bezhta: акламо (aklamo)
** → Hunzib: а̇кламо (åklamo)
** → Laz: აქრემი (akremi), აქლემი (aklemi) — Khopa, Sarpi
** → Mingrelian: არქემი (arkemi)

### References

* Deeters, Gerhard (1937) “Graeco-Georgica”, in Mélanges Émile Boisacq, Annuaire de l'institut de philologie et d'histoire orientales et slaves (in German), volume 5, Brussels: Université Libre de Bruxelles, page 268
* Delshad, Farshid (2009) Georgica et Irano-Semitica: Studien zu den iranischen und semitischen Lehnwörtern im georgischen Nationalepos „Der Recke im Pantherfell“ (Dissertation)‎ (in German), Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, page 331
* Dzidziguri, Shota (1969) The Georgian language: short review, Tbilisi: Tbilisi University Press, →OCLC, page 72
* Sardshweladse, Surab, Fähnrich, Heinz (2005) “აქლემი”, in Altgeorgisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch (Handbook of Oriental Studies; VIII.12), with the collaboration of Irine Melikishvili and Sopio Sardshweladse, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 44a
* Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, page 224
* Pictet, Adolphe (1877) Les origines indo-européennes, ou Les Aryas primitifs: essai de paléontologie linguistique, 2nd edition, volume I, Paris: Librairie Sandoz et Fischbacher, page 480
* Kipšidze, Iosif (1918) Грузинская древнелитературная хрестоматия с древнегрузинско-русским словарем [An Old Georgian Reader with an Old Georgian – Russian Dictionary]‎, Petrograd: Academy Press, page 42a
# Sheffield
## English
### Alternative forms

* Sheff. (abbreviation)

### Etymology

From the name of the River Sheaf, which is from Old English scēaþ (“boundary”), + Old English feld (“field, open land”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃɛfiːld/
* Audio (UK):(file)

### Proper noun

Sheffield (countable and uncountable, plural Sheffields)
* A city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom.
** The University of Sheffield.
* A hamlet in Penzance parish, south-west Cornwall, England (OS grid ref SW4526).
* A town in Kentish council area, Tasmania, Australia.
* A small village in Selwyn District, Canterbury, New Zealand.
* A common placename in the United States:
** A city in Colbert County, Alabama.
** A village in Bureau County, Illinois.
** A city in Franklin County, Iowa.
** A town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts.
** A neighbourhood of Kansas City, Missouri.
** A village in Lorain County, Ohio.
** A census-designated place in Warren County, Pennsylvania.
** An unincorporated community in Pecos County, Texas.
** A town in Caledonia County, Vermont.
* A habitational surname from Old English.
* (slang) knife, switchblade.

#### Derived terms

* Sheffielder
* Sheffield Park
* Sheffield stand

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Sheffield is the 1817th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 19738 individuals. Sheffield is most common among White (76.36%) and Black/African American (18.8%) individuals.

### References

* NZ Topo Map

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Sheffield”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
# נדיבות
## Hebrew
### Noun

נְדִיבוּת • (n'divút) f
* generosity

### References

* “נדיבות” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# арамлан
## Eastern Mari
### Etymology

From арам (aram) +‎ -лан (-lan, “dative suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑɾɑmˈlɑn/
* Rhymes: -ɑn
* Hyphenation: а‧рам‧лан

### Adverb

арамлан • (aramlan) (not comparable)
* Synonym of арам (aram)
    арамлан чыла тыршымемжат лийынaramlan čyla tyršymemžat ĺijynmy efforts were in vain

#### Related terms

* арам (aram)
* арам (aram)

### References

* J. Bradley et al. (2023) “арамлан”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
# wąż
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish wąż, from Proto-Slavic *ǫžь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɔw̃ʂ/, /ˈvɔnʂ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈvɔ̃ʂ/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔw̃ʂ
* Syllabification: wąż
* Homophone: Wąż

### Noun

wąż m animal (diminutive wężyk)
* snake, serpent (reptile of the suborder Serpentes)
    jadowity wąż ― venomous snake

#### Declension
### Noun

wąż m pers (diminutive wężyk)
* (derogatory) snake (treacherous person)
    Synonyms: bazyliszek, żmija
* (humorous) husband

#### Declension
### Noun

wąż m inan (diminutive wężyk)
* hose, garden hose
    Synonym: szlauch

#### Derived terms

* wężowy
* węży
* wężowidło
* wężownica
* wężydło
* wężymord
* wężysko
* mieć węża w kieszeni

### Further reading

* wąż in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wąż in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “wąż”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* “WĄŻ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 29.07.2021
# შურიანი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃuɾiani]

### Adjective

შურიანი • (šuriani) (comparative უფრო შურიანი, superlative ყველაზე შურიანი)
* envious
# აღაჯანიანი
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* აგაჯანიანი (agaǯaniani)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Armenian Աղաջանյան (Aġaǰanyan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aʁad͡ʒaniani]

### Proper noun

აღაჯანიანი • (aɣaǯaniani)
* a surname from Armenian
# South Gloucestershire
## English
### Proper noun

South Gloucestershire
* A local government unitary authority area in Gloucestershire, England created in 1996 on the abolition of the county of Avon. It is not administered as part of Gloucestershire, although historically part of that county.
# dermapteran
## English
### Etymology

From translingual Dermaptera +‎ -an.

### Noun

dermapteran (plural dermapterans)
* Any of various insects of the order Dermaptera; earwig.

#### Related terms

* dermapterous

### See also

* jumping bristletails, archaeognathans (Archaeognatha)
* cockroaches and termites, blattodeans (Blattodea)
* beetles, coleopterans (Coleoptera)
* earwigs, dermapterans (Dermaptera)
* flies, dipterans (Diptera)
* webspinners, embiopterans (Embioptera)
* mayflies, ephemeropterans (Ephemeroptera)
* ice crawlers, grylloblattodeans (Grylloblattodea)
* true bugs, hemipterans (Hemiptera)
* hymenopterans (ants, bees, wasps, etc.) (Hymenoptera)
* butterflies and moths, lepidopterans (Lepidoptera)
* mantises, mantodeans (Mantodea)
* mantophasmids (Mantophasmatodea)
* scorpionflies, mecopterans (Mecoptera)
* megalopterans (alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies, etc.) (Megaloptera)
* neuropterans (antlions, lacewings, mantidflies, etc.) (Neuroptera)
* damselflies and dragonflies, odonatans (Odonata)
* orthopterans (crickets, grasshoppers, katydids, etc.) (Orthoptera)
* stick insects, phasmatodeans (Phasmatodea)
* stoneflies, plecopterans (Plecoptera)
* barklice and booklice, psocodeans (Psocodea)
* snakeflies, raphidiopterans (Raphidioptera)
* fleas, siphonapterans (Siphonaptera)
* strepsipterans (Strepsiptera)
* thrips, thysanopterans (Thysanoptera)
* caddis flies, trichopterans (Trichoptera)
* zorapterans (Zoraptera)
* silverfish, zygentomans (Zygentoma)
# toomballangin
## Woiwurrung
### Noun

toomballangin
* promise

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# Kashas
## English
### Proper noun

Kashas
* plural of Kasha
# аярын-йӧсын
## Eastern Mari
### Etymology

Compound of аярын (ajaryn) +‎ йӧсын (jösyn).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑˈjɑɾən ˈjøsən/
* Hyphenation: ая‧рын-йӧ‧сын

### Adverb

аярын-йӧсын • (ajaryn-jösyn)
* terribly, distressingly
    чонлан аярын-йӧсын чучешčonlan ajaryn-jösyn čučešI feel terrible

### References

* J. Bradley et al. (2023) “аярын-йӧсын”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna
# vechten
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch vechten, from Old Dutch fehtan, from Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ-. Cognate with English fight and German fechten.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɛxtə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: vech‧ten
* Rhymes: -ɛxtən

### Verb

vechten
* (intransitive) to fight

#### Derived terms

* gevecht
* stierenvechten
* vechtenstijd
* vechter
* vechtlust
* vechtsport
* aanvechten
* afvechten
* bekvechten
* bevechten
* doodvechten
* doorvechten
* invechten
* meevechten
* ontvechten
* opvechten
* overvechten
* tegenvechten
* terugvechten
* uitvechten
* vechten tegen de bierkaai
* vechten tegen windmolens
* vervechten
* voortvechten
* voorvechten
* vrijvechten

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: veg
* Berbice Creole Dutch: purkaru
* Negerhollands: vekkete, fegete, figiti, fikiti
** → Virgin Islands Creole: fikiti (dated)

## Low German
### Verb

vechten
* Alternative spelling of fechten

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch fehtan, from Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ-.

### Verb

vechten
* to fight
* to battle

#### Descendants

* Dutch: vechten
** Afrikaans: veg
** Berbice Creole Dutch: purkaru
** Negerhollands: vekkete, fegete, figiti, fikiti
*** → Virgin Islands Creole: fikiti (dated)
* Limburgish: vechte
* West Flemish: vichten

### Further reading

* “vechten (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “vechten”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle Low German
### Etymology

From Old Saxon fehtan (“to fight”), from Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną.
Cognate with English fight, Dutch vechten and German fechten.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛxtən/

### Verb

vechten
* to fight

#### Descendants

* Low German: fechten
* → Danish: fægte
* → Norwegian: fekte
* → Saterland Frisian: fächtje
* → Swedish: fäkta