# abaxial
## English
### Alternative forms

* abaxile

### Etymology

From ab- (“away from”) +‎ axial (“axis”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌæˈbæk.si.əl/ or IPA: /æbˈæk.si.əl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (Canada):(file)
* Hyphenation US: ab‧ax‧i‧al, UK: ab‧ax‧ial

### Adjective

abaxial (not comparable)
* (botany, zoology) Of a side that is facing away from the axis or central line, such as the underside of a leaf, or the back of an animal. [Mid 19th century.]
** 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 7:The lobule margins, furthermore, are arched away from the lobe, with the consequence that (when fully inflated) the abaxial leaf surface forms the interior lining of the lobule.
* (botany) Not in the axis. Applied to an embryo placed out of the axis of the seed.

#### Synonyms

* (on the back of an animal): dorsal
* eccentric

#### Antonyms

* adaxial

#### Derived terms

* abaxially

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909], →ISBN), page 2
* ↑ William Morris, editor (1969 (1971 printing)), “abaxial”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, N.Y.: American Heritage Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 2.
* ↑ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abaxial”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2.
* ↑ Jackson, Benjamin Daydon (1928) A glossary of botanic terms with their derivation and accent‎, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, page 1

## Catalan
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ə.βək.siˈal]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ə.bək.siˈal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.bak.siˈal]

### Adjective

abaxial m or f (masculine and feminine plural abaxials)
* abaxial

### Further reading

* “abaxial”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “abaxial” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## French
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.bak.sjal/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

abaxial (plural abaxiaux)
* abaxial

## Galician
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abakˈsjal/ [aβ̞.ɑkˈs̺jɑɫ]
* Rhymes: -al
* Hyphenation: ab‧ax‧ial

### Adjective

abaxial m or f (plural abaxiais)
* abaxial (that is not on the optical axis)
* (medicine) abaxial (which is outside the line considered the axis of an organ)

## German
### Etymology

From Latin ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /apʔaˈksi̯aːl/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Berlin):(file)

### Adjective

abaxial (strong nominative masculine singular abaxialer, not comparable)
* abaxial

#### Declension
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.bak.siˈaw/ [a.bak.sɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.bakˈsjaw/ [a.bakˈsjaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.bɐˈksjal/ [ɐ.βɐˈksjaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.bɐˈksjal/ [ɐ.βɐˈksjaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.bɐˈksja.li/ [ɐ.βɐˈksja.li]
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: a‧ba‧xi‧al

### Adjective

abaxial m or f (plural abaxiais)
* (botany, zoology) abaxial (away from the axis)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French abaxial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abaksiˈal/
* Rhymes: -al
* Hyphenation: a‧ba‧xi‧ál

### Adjective

abaxial m or n (feminine singular abaxială, masculine plural abaxiali, feminine and neuter plural abaxiale)
* abaxial

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ axial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abaɡˈsjal/ [a.β̞aɣ̞ˈsjal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: a‧ba‧xial

### Adjective

abaxial m or f (masculine and feminine plural abaxiales)
* abaxial

#### Derived terms

* abaxialmente