# em
## English
### Etymology 1

Attested since 1808. In typography, the em is named after the em quadrat (later called em quad), from m quadrat, a metal type used in letterpress typesetting, which is as wide as the point size of the font.

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: ĕm, IPA: /ˈɛm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛm

#### Noun

em (plural ems)
* The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.
    The ems and ens at the beginnings and ends.
** 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:It said, in a whispering, buzzing voice, "Gee-you-ess-ess-ay-dash-em-ee-ar-ar-wye-dash-em-eye-en-gee-oh-dash-pee-eye-pee-dash-pee-ee-ar-ar-wye-dash-pee-eye-en-gee-oh."
* (typography) A unit of measurement equal to the height of the type in use.
    Synonyms: quad, em quad, mutton, mut

##### Derived terms

* 3-em space
* 3-to-the-em space
* 5-em space
* 5-to-the-em space
* emcee
* em dash
* em quad
* em rule
* em space
* oh em gee
* rem

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

em
* Alternative form of 'em

### Etymology 3

Coined by Christine M. Elverson by removing the "th" from them, perhaps influenced by the pre-existing em/'em, now often perceived as apheretic forms of them (though originally unrelated).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/

#### Pronoun

em (third-person singular, gender-neutral, objective case, reflexive emself, possessive adjective eir, possessive pronoun eirs)
* (rare, nonstandard) A gender-neutral third-person singular object pronoun, the objective case of ey or e, equivalent to the singular them and coordinate with him and her.
** 1986 April 1, Michael Spivak, The Joy of TeX: A Gourmet Guide to Typesetting with the AMS-TeX macro package‎, Providence: American Mathematical Society, →ISBN, →LCCN, LCC Z253.4.T47 S673 1986, page 68:If the author uses such notation, it should be up to Em to indicate Eir intentions clearly, but there’s no harm checking first.
** 1997, Steven Shaviro, Doom Patrols : A Theoretical Fiction About Postmodernism, London: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 138:I may become quite intimate with someone, spend hours with em every night, and yet not have the slightest idea what eir voice sounds like, or what eir RL body looks, feels, and smells like.
** 2000, Jane Love, “Ethics, Plugged and Unplugged: The Pegagogy of Disorderly Conduct”, in James A. Inman, Donna N. Sewell, editors, Taking flight with OWLs: Examining Electronic Writing Center Work‎, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, LCC PE1414.T24 1999, page 193:E invites em to consider how ey represent emselves, and in so doing, e focuses eir attention on the ethics that make human relations possible.
** 2011 March 15, RJ Edwards, “89: New Friend”, in Riot Nrrd‎, retrieved 2012-10-06:And ultimately: I think my readers are mature enough that knowing eir assigned gender is not going to give them an “excuse” to misgender em.
** 2023, Aimee Ogden, “A Half-Remembered World”, The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, vol. 145, no. 1-2, whole no. 768 (July/August 2023), pages 146-202
    “You idiot girl! Are you childsick?” She grabbed Asu’s wrist; Asu made no effort to twist away. “Sand and soil, tell me you’re not pregnant. Is it that—what’s eir name? Aeran? Have you lain with em? Tell me!”

##### Synonyms

* see Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns

##### Derived terms

* emself

### Etymology 4

Compare um.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛ(ː)m/

#### Interjection

em
* (Scotland, Ireland) a form of hesitant speech, or an expression of uncertainty
    Synonyms: um, umm, erm; eh, uh
    She was abused by, em... David, I think. That was his name, he's a real em... what's the word, narcissist. You should really stay away from him.

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

em (plural ems)
* The name of the Cyrillic script letter М / м.

### Anagrams

* -me-, /me, M&E, ME, Me, Me., me

## Bislama
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈem/
* Hyphenation: em

### Pronoun

em
* Alternative form of hem (“he, she”)

#### See also
### References

* Terry Crowley (2004) Bislama Reference Grammar, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi press, →ISBN, page 14

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin mē, from Proto-Indo-European *(e)me-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əm]
* IPA: (Valencia) [em]

### Pronoun

em (proclitic, contracted m', enclitic me, contracted enclitic 'm)
* me (direct or indirect object)

#### Usage notes

* em is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
    Em dic… ― My name is… (literally, “I call myself…”)

#### Declension

$^1$ Behaves grammatically as plural.   $^2$ Behaves grammatically as third person. $^3$ Only as object of a preposition.   $^4$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

## Central Franconian
### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əm/

#### Pronoun

em
* (most dialects) Reduced form of im (“to him”).

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əm/

#### Article

em
* (most dialects) Reduced form of däm (“to the”).

##### Usage notes

* The normal reduced form is dem (also spelt d'm). The further reduction is used especially after prepositions.

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /em/

#### Contraction

em
* (most dialects) Contraction of en däm (“in the”).

##### Alternative forms

* om, öm (Eifel)

### Etymology 4

From Old High German umbi.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /em/

#### Preposition

em (+ accusative)
* (Moselle Franconian) around

##### Alternative forms

* öm (Ripuarian)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛm]

### Noun

em n (indeclinable)
* The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.

### Further reading

* “em”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “em”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse eimr, from From Proto-Germanic *aimaz. Cognates include Norwegian Nynorsk eim and Icelandic eimur.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛmˀ]

#### Noun

em c (singular definite emmen, not used in plural form)
* steam, vapour
    Coordinate terms: damp, os, røg
** a smell, odour
    Coordinate terms: lugt, dunst, stank, odør
** (figurative) a distinct feature

##### Derived terms

* emme
* emhætte

### Etymology 2

Abbreviation of europamesterskab.

#### Alternative forms

* Em

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈeˀˈɛm]

#### Noun

em (singular definite em'et, plural indefinite em'er)
* (sports) European championship

##### Derived terms

* Em-guld
* Em-hold
* Em-kamp
* Em-slutrunde
* Em-titel
* Fodbold-Em
* Svømme-Em

#### Verb

em
* imperative of emme

### Further reading

* “em” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Daur
### Etymology

Akin to Mongolian эм (em).

### Noun

em
* medicine

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch em.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/, [ɛm]

### Noun

èm (plural em-em)
* The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet

### Further reading

* “em” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈem/, [ˈɛ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈem/, [ˈɛm]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

em f (indeclinable)
* The name of the letter M.

##### Usage notes

* Multiple Latin names for the letter M, m have been suggested. The most common is em or a syllabic m, although there is some evidence which also supports, as names for the letter, mē, əm, mə, and even (in the fourth- or fifth-century first Antinoë papyrus, which gives Greek transliterations of the Latin names of the Roman alphabet’s letters) ιμμε (imme).

##### Coordinate terms

* (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

### Etymology 2

Fossilised (2nd person singular) imperative of emō.

#### Interjection

em
* of wonder or emphasis, there!

### References

* "em", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "em", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* em in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to sully one's fair fame: vitae splendori(em) maculas(is) aspergere
* Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), especially pages 30–31, 42–44, and 63
* Hannah Rosén (1999). Latine loqui: trends and directions in the crystallization of classical Latin. München: Fink. p. 47

## Latvian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɛm]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

em m (invariable)
* The Latvian name of the Latin script letter M/m.

#### See also

* Latvian letter names:
    a (A), garais ā (Ā), bē (B), cē (C), čē (Č), dē (D), e (E), garais ē (Ē), ef (F), gā (G), ģē (Ģ), hā (H), i (I), garais ī (Ī), jē (J), kā (K), ķē (Ķ), el (L), eļ (Ļ), em (M), en (N), eņ (Ņ), o (O), pē (P), er (R), es (S), eš (Š), tē (T), u (U), garais ū (Ū), vē (V), zē (Z), žē (Ž)

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/

### Noun

em m inan
* The name of the Latin-script letter m/M.

### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) a, bej, cej, čet, ćej, dej, ej, ět, ef, gej, ha, cha, i, jot, ka, eł, el, em, en, ejn, o, pej, er, ejŕ, es, eš, śej, tej, u, wej, y, zet, žet, źej

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /em/, [əm]

### Pronoun

em
* Reduced form of him

#### Declension
## Marshallese
### Alternative forms

* im
* -m

### Pronunciation

* (phonetic) IPA: [ɛmʲ]
* (phonemic) IPA: /jɛmʲ/
* Bender phonemes: {yem}

### Conjunction

em
* and

### References

* Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English ēam (“maternal uncle”), from Proto-West Germanic *auhaim, from Proto-Germanic *awahaimaz.

#### Alternative forms

* eam, eem, eeme, eme, heme, nem
* æem, æm, eom, heam, yem (Early Middle English)
* eame, eyme (Late Middle English)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛːm/
* Rhymes: -ɛːm

#### Noun

em (plural emes)
* uncle (brother of one's parents)
    Synonym: uncle
* (rare) progenitor, forefather
* (rare) nephew (son of one's sibling)

##### Descendants

* English: eam, eme (dialectal)
* Scots: eme

##### References

* “ēm, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

em
* Alternative form of hem (“them”)

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

em
* Alternative form of am

## Northern Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/
* Rhymes: -ɛm

### Pronoun

em (oblique me)
* we; us (first-person plural personal pronoun)

#### See also
## Northern Ohlone
### Etymology

Compare Southern Ohlone men- (“your”).

### Pronoun

em
* your (second-person, singular, possessive pronoun)

### References

* María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges)‎, Unpublished

## Old Frisian
### Alternative forms

* ām, āme

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *auhaim (“maternal uncle”).

### Noun

ēm m
* an uncle, mother's brother

#### Inflection
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *immi ("am"; a form of the verb *wesaną (“to be; dwell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi (“I am, I exist”). Cognate with English am, Gothic 𐌹𐌼 (im, “am”), Latin sum (“am”), Ancient Greek εἰμί (eimí), Albanian jam (“I am”), Sanskrit अस्मि (ásmi), Latvian esmu (“(I) am”), esam (“we are”).

### Verb

em
* I am, first-person of vera (meaning "to be")

#### Derived terms

* emk

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

Compare German dem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/

### Article

em (definite)
* dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the

#### Declension
### Pronoun

em
* dative of er: him, to him
* dative of es: it, to it

#### Declension

$^1$ unstressed

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese en, from Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”). Doublet of in.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽj̃/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ̃j̃/

### Preposition

em
* in; inside; within (contained by)
    Estou em minha casa.I’m in my house.
    Encontraram umas moedas no baú.They found some coins inside the chest.
* on; on top of (located just above the surface of)
    O livro está na mesa.The book is on the table.
** 2003, J. K. Rowling, Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 417:Então o sorriso reapareceu em seu rosto [...]Then the smile reappeared on his face [...]
* in; at (located in a location)
    Os soldados estão na Crimeia.The soldiers are in Crimea.
* in (part of; a member of)
    Só três jogadores ainda estão nesta equipa/e.Only three players are still in this team.
* in; into; inside (towards the inside of)
    A água entrou em várias casas.The water got into various houses.
* indicates the target of an action
    Quero dar um soco na tua cara.I want to punch you in the face.
    Mete um processo neles.Shove a lawsuit down their throats.
* in (pertaining to the particular thing)
    Ela não passou em inglês.She didn’t pass in English.
* in (immediately after a period of time)
    Entraremos em contato com você em duas semanas.We will get in contact with you in two weeks.
* in; during (within a period of time)
    O jornal será publicado no dia cinco.The newspaper will be published on the fifth.
* at; in (in a state of)
    Estamos em perigo!We’re in danger!
* in (indicates means, medium, format, genre or instrumentality)
    Fomos pagos em moeda estrangeira.We were paid in foreign currency.
* in (indicates a language, script, tone etc. of writing, speaking etc.)
    Li um livro em holandês.I read a book in Dutch.
* in (wearing)
    A moça em preto.The lady in black.
* (slang) indicates that the object deserves a given punishment
    Cadeia nele!He should be in jail!(literally, “jail on him!”)
* (formal, literary) used in a gerundial or participial clause to emphasize its conditional or temporal meaning
    Em se tratando de você, já nada me surpreende.When it comes to you, nothing surprises me anymore.
** 2012 November 23, Paulinho, “Atacante Hugo, do Sport, pode ser denunciado por sonegação de impostos na Receita Federal [Sport striker Hugo might be indicted for tax evasion by Brazil's revenue service]”, in Blog do Paulinho [Paulie's Blog]:Grande esperança do Sport Recife para evitar o rebaixamento no Brasileirão nas próximas rodadas, o atacante Hugo deve ser denunciado, nos próximos dias, por um dos agentes que realizou sua transação aos Emirados Árabes, pelo crime de Sonegação Fiscal. Em comprovada a dívida, terá que arcar com todos os impostos não pegos no período da transação, além de pesada multa.Sport Recife's great hope of avoiding relegation in the Brasileirão [Brazil's main soccer league] in the next few rounds, striker Hugo is expected to be indicted, in the next few days, by one of the agents who carried out his deal with the UAE, for the crime of tax evasion. If the debt is proven, he'll have to pay all the taxes not paid during the transaction, as well as a hefty fine.

#### Usage notes

When followed by an article, a pronoun, a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, em is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:
| Em + article | Combined form |
| em + o | no |
| em + a | na |
| em + os | nos |
| em + as | nas |
| em + um | num |
| em + uma | numa |
| em + uns | nuns |
| em + umas | numas |
| Em + pronoun | Combined form |
| em + ela | nela |
| em + elas | nelas |
| em + ele | nele |
| em + eles | neles |
| Em + dem. pronoun | Combined form |
| em + aquela | naquela |
| em + aquelas | naquelas |
| em + aquele | naquele |
| em + aqueles | naqueles |
| em + aquilo | naquilo |
| em + esse | nesse |
| em + essa | nessa |
| em + esses | nesses |
| em + essas | nessas |
| em + este | neste |
| em + esta | nesta |
| em + estes | nestes |
| em + estas | nestas |
| em + isso | nisso |
| em + isto | nisto |
| em + outra | noutra |
| em + outras | noutras |
| em + outro | noutro |
| em + outros | noutros |

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.

#### Synonyms

* (inside): dentro de
* (on): sobre, em cima de
* (part of): parte de
* (into): para dentro de
* (immediately after): logo depois/após
* (during): consoante, durante
* (wearing): de, vestido de, vestindo

#### See also

* n'

## Salar
### Etymology

Cognate with Turkmen, Turkish em, Kyrgyz, Tuvan, Southern Altai эм (em), Kazakh ем (em), etc.

### Noun

em
* medicine
    Antonym: ağu

### References

* Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “em”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 324
* 张, 进锋 (Ayso Cañ Cinfen) (2008) 乌璐别格 (Ulubeğ), 鄭初陽 (Çuyañ Yebey oğlı Ceñ), editors, Salar İbret Sözler 撒拉尔谚语 [Salar Proverbs]‎, China Salar Youth League, page 2

## Scots
### Verb

em
* (Southern Scots) emphatic first-person singular simple present of ti be

### See also

* er
* es
* im

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* hem

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish هم (hem), from Persian هم (ham).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /em/

### Conjunction

em … em … (Cyrillic spelling ем … ем …)
* not only … but also
    Em me bio em još da mu kažem hvala. ― Not only did he beat me up but he also wanted me to tell him thanks.

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* em.
* e.m.
* e. m.

### Noun

em
* pm (indicating hours in the afternoon); abbreviation of eftermiddagen.

#### Usage notes

* Since the 1960s, Sweden primarily uses the 24 hour clock, making am/pm abbreviations unnecessary and less common

#### Antonyms

* fm

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From English em, the English name of the letter M/m.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔem/ [ʔɛm]
* Rhymes: -em
* Syllabification: em

### Noun

em (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔)
* the name of the Latin-script letter M/m, in the Filipino alphabet
    Synonyms: (in the Abakada alphabet) ma, (in the Abecedario) eme

#### Derived terms

* gatlang em

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi

### Further reading

* “em”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English him.

### Pronoun

em
* The third person singular pronoun refers to a person or thing other than the speaker or the person being spoken to. Pronouns in Tok Pisin are not inflected for different cases.
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.→New International Version translation

#### Derived terms

* em tasol

#### Related terms

* -im

#### See also
## Torres Strait Creole
### Etymology

From English him.

### Pronoun

em
* he/she/it (third-person singular pronoun)

## Veps
### Verb

em
* first-person plural present of ei

## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *ʔɛːm, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(sʔ)iəm; cognate with Pacoh a-em (“younger sibling”).
According to Phan Kế Bính's Việt Nam phong tục (1915), apparently the practice of calling each other anh-em for those in relationship originated from the province of Quảng Nam:
    — Vợ chồng con nhà sang trọng, gọi nhau bằng cậu mợ, thầy thông thầy phán thì gọi nhau bằng thầy cô, nhà thường thì gọi nhau bằng anh chị. Có con rồi thì gọi nhau bằng thầy em đẻ em, nhà thô tục thì gọi nhau là bố cu mẹ đĩ, có người thì gọi bố nó mẹ nó, có người cả hai vợ chồng gọi lẫn nhau là nhà ta. Ở Quảng-Nam thì vợ gọi chồng là anh, chồng gọi vợ là em. Ở Nghệ Tĩnh vợ chồng gọi là gấy nhông.Spouses from wealthy families tend to call each other cậu and mợ; those employed by the government prefer thầy and cô; while in an average household, they call each other anh and chị. Couples with children call each other thầy em [father of the little one] and đẻ em [mother of the little one], while those from low-born families use bố cu and mẹ đĩ; there are also those who say bố nó and mẹ nó and those who both call each other nhà ta. In Quảng Nam, a housewife would call her husband anh and a husband would call his wife em. In Nghệ Tĩnh, "husband and wife" is called gấy nhông.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Noun

(classifier đứa, thằng, con) em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
* a younger sibling
    thằng em của em ― my younger brother
* a cousin who is descended from an ancestor who is/was a younger sibling to oneself's or one's spouse's (such as a child of a younger sibling of one of one's parents or a grandchild of a younger sibling of one of one's grandparents)
    Synonym: em họ
    - Sao anh lại gọi chú ấy là thầy ? Chú ấy là em của em. Chú ấy cũng là em của anh. - Anh thấy mình nên tôn trọng cái có trước. Thầy ấy là thầy của anh từ trước khi anh lấy em.- Why did you call him "teacher"? He's my "younger sibling", meaning he's yours, too. - I felt like I should respect what comes first. He was my teacher long before we're married.
* a person younger than oneself but of the same generation
* (formal) a child or a student
** 2021, Tâm An, “Cận cảnh các em học sinh tiểu học ăn ngủ, sinh hoạt trong khu cách ly tại trường”, in Tuổi trẻ online‎:Cận cảnh các em học sinh tiểu học ăn ngủ, sinh hoạt trong khu cách ly tại trườngClose-up of primary students living in school quarantine

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.

#### Derived terms

* em gái (㛪𡛔, “younger sister”)
* em trai (俺𤳆, 㛪𤳆, “younger brother”)

### Pronoun

em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
* pronoun used to refer to any person (oneself, the addressee, or any third person) described by the noun em above
    Synonyms: (second person): thằng em, (third person): em ấy, ẻm
    thằng em của em ― my younger brother
** (familiar) pronoun used to refer to younger person of the same generation
** pronoun used to refer to younger siblings or cousins descended from an ancestor who is/was a younger sibling to one's own or one's spouse's
** (formal) pronoun used to refer to a child or a student
    Synonym: con
    Viết một đoạn văn ngắn miêu tả một thứ bố em làm cho em.Write a short essay describing something your father made for you.
* pronoun used to refer to the girl or woman in a romantic relationship
    Antonyms: anh, eng, tôi, tui
    Anh yêu em. / Em cũng yêu anh.I love you. / I love you too.
** (Can we date this quote?), Alexander Pushkin, translated by Hoàng Thúy Toàn, Tôi yêu em [I Loved You], translation of Я вас любил:Tôi yêu em âm thầm, không hi vọng, / Lúc rụt rè, khi hậm hực lòng ghen, / Tôi yêu em, yêu chân thành, đằm thắm, / Cầu em được người tình như tôi đã yêu em.I loved you, without words, without hope, / Sometimes I felt shy, sometimes I felt tortured with jealousy, / I loved you, truly and deeply, / I pray you will find someone who loves you as much as I ever did.

#### Usage notes

Textbooks tend to assume grade schoolers and middle schoolers to be young enough to be called em (literally “little sibling”), but high schoolers to be old enough to be called anh (“big brother”) and chị (“big sister”).

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:em.

### Adjective

em • (㛪, 俺, 腌)
* small; smaller

### See also

* anh
* chị

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/

### Noun

em f (plural emiau)
* The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd

## Yola
### Pronoun

em
* Alternative form of ham
** 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:Ich knouth em.I know him.

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 51