# 靖

| 靖 | U+9756, &#38742; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9756 |
| ← 靕 [U+9755] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 靗 → [U+9757] |
| 靖 | U+FA1C, &#64028; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA1C |
| ← 福 [U+FA1B] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 精 → [U+FA1D] |
| 靖 | U+FAC8, &#64200; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAC8 |
| ← 難 [U+FAC7] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 韛 → [U+FAC9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

靖 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿手一月 (YTQMB), four-corner 0512$_7$, composition ⿰立青(GHTJ) or ⿰立靑(K or U+FA1C))

#### Derived characters

* 𥴰, 𦽴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1381, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42570
* Dae Jaweon: page 1893, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4046, character 8
* Unihan data for U+9756
* Unihan data for U+FA1C
* Unihan data for U+FAC8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 猜 | *sʰlɯː |
| 輤 | *sʰleːns |
| 綪 | *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ |
| 倩 | *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs |
| 棈 | *sʰleːns |
| 蒨 | *sʰeːns |
| 篟 | *sʰeːns |
| 生 | *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs |
| 牲 | *sreŋ |
| 笙 | *sreŋ |
| 甥 | *sreŋ |
| 鉎 | *sreŋ, *sleːŋ |
| 珄 | *sreŋ |
| 鼪 | *sreŋ, *sreŋs |
| 猩 | *sreŋ, *seːŋ |
| 狌 | *sreŋ |
| 眚 | *sreŋʔ |
| 貹 | *sreŋs |
| 崝 | *zreːŋ |
| 精 | *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs |
| 菁 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 鶄 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 蜻 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 鼱 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 婧 | *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ |
| 睛 | *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ |
| 箐 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 聙 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 旌 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 清 | *sʰleŋ |
| 圊 | *sʰleŋ |
| 請 | *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 凊 | *sʰleŋs |
| 䝼 | *zleŋs, *zleŋ |
| 靚 | *zleŋs |
| 情 | *zleŋ |
| 晴 | *zleŋ |
| 夝 | *zleŋ |
| 靜 | *zleŋʔ |
| 靖 | *zleŋʔ |
| 睲 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 惺 | *seŋʔ, *seːŋ |
| 性 | *sleŋs |
| 姓 | *sleŋs |
| 靗 | *l̥ʰeŋs |
| 鯖 | *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ |
| 青 | *sʰleːŋ |
| 靘 | *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs |
| 掅 | *sʰleːŋs |
| 胜 | *sleːŋ |
| 曐 | *sleːŋ |
| 星 | *sleːŋ |
| 鮏 | *sleːŋ |
| 腥 | *seːŋ, *seːŋs |
| 鯹 | *seːŋ |
| 醒 | *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs |
| 篂 | *seːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zleŋʔ): semantic 立 (“to stand; to establish”) + phonetic 青 (OC *sʰleːŋ).

### Etymology

Same word as 靜 (OC *zleŋʔ, “to keep quiet”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìng (jing$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhin
    (Hailu, HRS): cin$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qin$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cêng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chēng / chěng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zhin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^4$
*** Yale: jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
*** Palladius: цзин (czin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^6$
*** Yale: jihng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhin
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cin$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: qin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cêng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛiŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cīng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēng
*** Tâi-lô: tsīng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chěng
*** Tâi-lô: tsǐng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zhin
*** MiniDict: zhin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$xxin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑin²³/
* Middle Chinese: dzjengX
Rime :
| Character | 靖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 疾郢切 |
| Baxter | dzjengX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ziæŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ziajŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zleŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 靖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11354 |
| Phonetic component | 生 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靜 |
| Old Chinese | /*zleŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 同妌 |

### Definitions

靖
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) stable; peaceful; tranquil
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to pacify; to stabilize
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to govern; to administer
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to plan
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to think of
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) respectful; prudent
* a surname

### Compounds

* 不靖
* 副靖
* 嘉靖 (Jiājìng)
* 安靖 (ānjìng)
* 寧靖 / 宁靖 (níngjìng)
* 平靖
* 曲靖 (Qūjìng)
* 李靖
* 永靖 (Yǒngjìng)
* 綏靖 / 绥靖 (suíjìng)
* 綏靖主義 / 绥靖主义 (suíjìng zhǔyì)
* 萑苻不靖
* 巡靖
* 靖亂 / 靖乱
* 靖匡
* 靖國 / 靖国
* 靖國神社 / 靖国神社
* 靖安
* 靖康 (Jìngkāng)
* 靖康之難 / 靖康之难
* 靖康要錄 / 靖康要录
* 靖綏 / 靖绥
* 靖西 (Jìngxī)
* 靖邊 / 靖边 (Jìngbiān)
* 靖難 / 靖难
* 靖難之變 / 靖难之变

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 靖 |
| Kyūjitai | 靖 &#xFA1C; or 靖+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 靖󠄁 靖+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 靖󠄃 靖+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 靖)
* peaceful, calm, easygoing

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kun: やす (yasu, 靖)、やすい (yasui, 靖い)、やすんじる (yasunjiru, 靖んじる)、やすんずる (yasunzuru, 靖んずる)
* Nanori: おさむ (osamu)、きよし (kiyoshi)、しず (shizu)、しずか (shizuka)、しずむ (shizumu)、せい (sei)、せいじ (seiji)、のぶ (nobu)、はかる (hakaru)、やす (yasu)、やすし (yasushi)、やすみ (yasumi)

### Etymology 1

From verb 図る (hakaru, “to intend, to plan, to set a goal or direction”).

#### Proper noun

靖(はかる) • (Hakaru)
* a male given name

### Etymology 2

Nominalization of kiyoshi, the pre-modern terminal form (終止形 (shūshikei)) of adjective 清い (kiyoi, “clean, pure”).

#### Proper noun

靖(きよし) • (Kiyoshi)
* a male given name

### Etymology 3

Nominalization of verb のぶ (nobu, “延ぶ, 伸ぶ: to grow, to extend”).

#### Proper noun

靖(のぶ) • (Nobu)
* a male given name

### Etymology 4

Nominalization of verb 治む (osamu, “to make something calm, to stabilize”).

#### Proper noun

靖(おさむ) • (Osamu)
* a male given name

### Etymology 5

Nominalization of adjective 静か (shizuka, “calm, quiet”).

#### Proper noun

靖(しずか) • (Shizuka)
* a female given name

### Etymology 6

From Sinitic 靖 (jìng).

#### Proper noun

靖(せい) • (Sei)
* a surname
* a female given name

### Etymology 7

Probably from 政治 (seiji, “politics”), from the underlying idea of "calming or stabilizing a country", similar to the name Osamu.

#### Proper noun

靖(せいじ) • (Seiji)
* a male given name

### Etymology 8

Nominalization of verb 静む (shizumu, “to become quiet, to become settled”).

#### Proper noun

靖(しずむ) • (Shizumu)
* a male given name

### Etymology 9

Stem form of adjective 安い (yasui, “peaceful, calm, easygoing”).

#### Proper noun

靖(やす) • (Yasu)
* a male given name

### Etymology 10

From 休み (yasumi, “a rest, a break, a vacation”), the stem noun form of verb 休む (yasumu, “to rest, to take a break, to take a vacation”), from adjective 安い (yasui, “peaceful, calm, easygoing”) + auxiliary verb む (mu, “to become [adjective], to make something [adjective]”).

#### Proper noun

靖(やすみ) • (Yasumi)
* a female given name

### Etymology 11

Nominalization of yasushi, the pre-modern terminal form (終止形 (shūshikei)) of adjective 安い (yasui, “peaceful, calm, easygoing”).

#### Proper noun

靖(やすし) • (Yasushi)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ “靖”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

靖 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

靖: Hán Nôm readings: tĩnh, tịnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.