# Satan
## Translingual
### Etymology

Ultimately from Hebrew שָׂטָן (satán, “Satan”). Named by ichthyologist Carl Leavitt Hubbs, who had a predilection for using references to Hell in the naming of cave fish. Compare Ophisternon infernale, another cave fish named by Hubbs.

### Proper noun

Satan m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Ictaluridae – widemouth blindcat.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Actinopterygii – superclass; Teleostei – class; Ostariophysi – superorder; Siluriformes – order; Ictaluridae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Satan eurystomus (widemouth blindcat) – sole known species

### References

* Widemouth blindcat on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Satan on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Ictaluridae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Satan at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Satan at World Register of Marine Species
* Satan at Fishbase
* ↑ Romero Aldemaro, The biology of hypogean fishes, Springer Science & Business Media: 2001, p 24

## English
### Alternative forms

* satan (especially the common noun sense)
* Satanas, Sathanas
* Sathan (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English Sathan, Satan, from Old English Satan, from Latin Satan, from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (satán, “adversary, accuser”). Doublet of shaitan.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈseɪ.tən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (Southern England, with a pseudo-demonic voice):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈseɪ.tn̩/, [ˈseɪ.ʔn̩]
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪtən
* Homophone: seitan

### Proper noun

Satan
* (religion) The supreme evil spirit in the Abrahamic religions, who tempts humanity into sin; the Devil; (in Theistic Satanism) the same figure, regarded as a deity to be revered and worshipped.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:Satan
    Many Satanists reject the notion that Satan is bad.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Zechariah 3:1–2:1 And he shewed me Ioshua the high Priest, standing before the Angel of the Lord, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him. 2 And the Lord said vnto Satan; The Lord rebuke thee, O Satan, euen the Lord that hath chosen Ierusalem rebuke thee. Is not this a brand pluckt out of the fire?
** 1945, Robert Frost, A Masque of Reason:Would you two please draw in a little closer? No — no, that’s not a smile there. That’s a grin. Satan, what ails you? Where’s the famous tongue, Thou onetime Prince of Conversationists?
** 1997, Martin Schuldiner, “Puritan Casuistry”, in Martin Schuldiner, editor, The Tayloring Shop: Essays on the Poetry of Edward Taylor in Honor of Thomas M. and Virginia L. Davis, page 125:Having been captured by the forces of Christ, the souls are now attacked for the first time by their former captain in “Satans Rage at them in their Conversion.″ Satan′s basic line of attack is to accuse the souls of being unreliable converts. Just as the souls turned from Satan to Christ, so too they will turn back again when it suits them, says Satan.
** 1998, Wendy Griswold, “8: The Devil, social change, and Jacobean theatre”, in Philip Smith, editor, The New American Cultural Sociology, page 127:The conventional role of Satan in English mystery plays was the Trickster archetype adapted for a theatre that was both popular and religious but constrained by traditional Christian theology. The Satan of the mystery plays was a Trickster, but a dignified one.
** 2005, John Bradshaw, Healing the Shame That Binds You, page 2:Biblical scholars tell us that the idea of a purely evil being like the Devil or Satan was a late development in the Bible. In the book of Job, Satan was the heavenly district attorney whose job it was to test the faith of those who, like Job, were specially blessed. During the Persian conquest of the Israelites, the Satan of Job became fused with the Zoroastrian dualistic theology adopted by the Persians, where two opposing forces, one of good, Ahura Mazda, the Supreme Creator deity, was in a constant battle with Ahriman, the absolute god of evil. This polarized dualism was present in the theology of the Essenes and took hold in Christianity where God and his Son Jesus were in constant battle with the highest fallen angel, Satan, for human souls. This dualism persists today only in fundamentalist religions (Muslim terrorists, the Taliban, the extreme Christian Right and a major part of evangelical Christianity).
** 2005, William Tenny-Brittian, “The Joy of Journaling”, in Prayer for People Who Can't Sit Still‎, Chalice Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 22:Conversational journaling isn't for everyone, but it can be both exciting and rewarding. The key is to listen to the three voices in your head and be sure you can identify which one is yours, which one is God's, and which one is evil, Satan, the dark side, or whatever you call those forces that would deceive your spirit and soul.
* A person or animal regarded as particularly malignant, detestable, or evil; used as an epithet or as a name for an animal.
** 2023, Nathan Bryon, Tom Melia, directed by Raine Allen-Miller, Rye Lane, spoken by Yas (Vivian Oparah):'Cause I finished with him, so I just felt kind of relieved and empowered afterwards, you know? He was tryin' to dilute my squash, and I was like, "Not today, Satan."

#### Derived terms

* DeSatan
* Great Satan
* LaVeyan Satanism
* mother of Satan
* Satan monkey
* Satanyahu
* Synagogue of Satan
* Satan Hussein

#### Related terms

* Satanism, Satanist, LaVeyan Satanist, Luciferian

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

Satan (plural Satans)
* (countable) A demon follower of Satan (principal evil spirit); a fallen angel.
** 1992, Clinton E. Arnold, Powers of Darkness: Principalities & Powers in Paul′s Letters, page 67:This literature refers to a major figurehead of evil called “Satan,” the leader of a group of angels also referred to as “Satans.” These Satans accuse people and lead them astray.
** 2007, Abdullah Yusuf Ali (translator), M. A. H. Eliyasee (Roman script transliteration), Osman Taha (Arabic script), The Qur′an, II, 102,$^{[inothereditions,96]}$ page 15,
    They followed what the Satans recited over Solomon′s Kingdom. Solomon did not disbelieve but Satans disbelieved, teaching men magic, and such things as came down at Babylon to the angels Hārūt and Mārūt.

#### Translations
### See also

* Abaddon
* Al-Shaytaan
* Apollyon
* cosmocrat
* Kroni
* Lucifer

### References

* Smith′s Bible Dictionary - Satan
* Easton′s Bible Dictionary - Satan

### Anagrams

* Santa, antas, asant, naats, taans, tanas

## Basque
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin Satan, from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (śāṭān, “adversary, accuser”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s̺atan/ [s̺a.t̪ãn]
* Rhymes: -atan, -an
* Hyphenation: Sa‧tan

### Proper noun

Satan anim
* Satan, the Devil

#### Related terms

* satan (“demon”)
* sataneria

#### See also

* Antikristo (“Antichrist”)
* deabru (“demon”)
* txerren (“demon”)

### Further reading

* “Satan”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “Satan”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsatan]

### Proper noun

Satan m anim
* Satan (supreme evil spirit)
    Synonyms: Lucifer, Belzebub

#### Related terms

* satan
* satanismus
* satanista
* satanistický

### Further reading

* “Satan”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “Satan”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.tɑ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Satan m
* Satan

#### Derived terms

* satanisme
* sataniste
* suppôt de Satan

## German
### Alternative forms

* Satanas

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzaːtan/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Satan m (strong, genitive Satans, plural Satane)
* (singular only, religion) Satan, the Devil
** 1919, Aleksey Remizov, translated by Arthur Luther, Legenden und Geschichten‎ (fiction), Leipzig: Kurt Wolff, →ISBN:„Schwöre mir,“ sprach Satan, „daß du und deine ganze Nachkommenschaft mir gehören sollen!““Swear to me,” spoke Satan, “that you and your entire progeny shall belong to me!”
* a satan, a devil

#### Synonyms

* Teufel

### Further reading

* “Satan” in Duden online
* “Satan” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Biblical Hebrew שָׂטָן (Śāṭān, “adversary, accuser”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsa.tan/, [ˈs̠ät̪än]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsa.tan/, [ˈsäːt̪än]

### Proper noun

Satan m (indeclinable)
* Satan, the Devil

#### Synonyms

* Satanās

### References

* Satan in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Middle English
### Proper noun

Satan
* Alternative form of Sathan

## Old English
### Etymology

From Latin Satan, from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (satán, “adversary, accuser”).

### Proper noun

Satan n
* Satan, the Devil
** c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Mark 1:13-14
    And hē on wēstene wæs fēowertiġ dagas and fēowertiġ nihta, and hē wæs frām Satane ġecostnod; and hē mid wilddēorum wæs; and him englas þenodon.And he was in the wilderness for forty days and forty nights, and was tempted by Satan; and he was with wild animals, and was served by angels.

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “Satan”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Swedish
### Proper noun

Satan c (genitive Satans)
* the devil

#### Usage notes

Traditionally not capitalized. See satan.

#### Related terms

* satanisk
* satanism
* satanist
* satanistisk
* satanskult

#### References

* On capitalization, from TT

### Anagrams

* anats, ansat, antas