# ke
## Albanian
### Verb

ke
* second-person singular present indicative of kam

## Basque
### Etymology

Unknown, virtually the only native word with initial /k/. The dialectal form eke is probably more conservative, which would point to Proto-Basque *eke(e).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/ [ke]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -e
* Hyphenation: ke

### Noun

ke inan
* smoke

#### Derived terms

* ke-adar
* ke-laino (“smog”)
* kealdi
* kebide (“chimney”)
* kedar
* kedartsu
* kedartu
* ketan (“smoked”)
* ketsu (“smoky”)
* ketu (“to fill with smoke”)
* keztatu (“to fill with smoke”)

### Further reading

* “ke”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “ke”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Bassa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ke]

### Adverb

ke
* yet
* still

### Noun

ke
* eagle

### References

* Bassa-English Dictionary

## Borôro
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰee̥/

### Noun

ke
* food
* bat

## Chuukese
### Pronoun

ke
* you (singular)

### Adjective

ke
* you are

#### Synonyms

* ka

#### Related terms
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɛ]
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

ke
* to
* toward, towards

#### Synonyms

* k
* ku

### Further reading

* “ke”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ke”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From French que, Italian che.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ke]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ke

### Conjunction

ke
* that

## Finnish
### Noun

ke
* Abbreviation of keskiviikko.

### Anagrams

* EK

## Guaraní
### Noun

ke
* dream

### Verb

ke
* to sleep

#### Conjugation
## Haitian Creole
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/

### Etymology 1

From French que (“that”).

#### Pronoun

ke
* (relative, object of relative clause) that

##### Usage notes

* This word is often omitted.

### Etymology 2

From French queue (“tail”).

#### Noun

ke
* tail

### Etymology 3

From French que (“than”).

#### Preposition

ke
* than

##### Alternative forms

* pase

## Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai
### Particle

ke
* (Yavapai) not, negation particle

### References

* Corinna Handschuh, A typology of marked-S languages

## Hawaiian
### Alternative forms

* ka

### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *te (compare Maori te)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/

### Article

ke (definite)
* the

#### Usage notes

* Modifies words which begin with the letters 'k', 'a', 'e', and 'o'.

## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of ke – see 街 (“street; market; fair; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 街).
* For pronunciation and definitions of ke – see 加 (“to add; more”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 加).

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/, /kɛ/

### Etymology 1

From Esperanto ke, from French que, Portuguese que, Spanish que, Italian che.

#### Conjunction

ke
* that
    Me konocas ke tu volas helpar me.I know that you want to help me

##### Usage notes

The conjugation can also be used in combination with a preposition to make it a conjugation. See: pro ke, por ke, dum ke, depos ke, and til ke.

### Etymology 2

From k +‎ -e.

#### Noun

ke (plural ke-i)
* The name of the Latin script letter K/k.

##### See also

* Latin script letter names: literi: a · be · ce · che · de · e · fe · ge · he · i · je · ke · le · me · ne · o · pe · que · re · se · she · te · u · ve · we · xe · ye · ze

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay ke, from Old Malay ka. For the verb sense, due to the dropping of preceding verb pergi (“to go”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkə], (colloquially, sometimes before words starting in consonants) [ˈk]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kê

### Preposition

kê
* to
    Semalam aku pergi ke rumah teman.Last night I went to a friend’s home.

### Verb

ke
* (colloquial) to go
    Tadi malam aku ke rumah teman.Last night I went to a friend’s home.

#### See also

* dari

## Italian
### Etymology

Shorter, written form of che

### Pronoun

ke
* (informal, often in Internet chat or in SMS messages) who; which; what; that; than

## Japanese
### Romanization

ke
* The hiragana syllable け (ke) or the katakana syllable ケ (ke) in Hepburn romanization.

## Kholosi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Postposition

ke
* accusative case marker
* dative case marker
    Yunos mānāske nāmo nevisayYunes wrote a letter to his mother.

### References

* Rezaei, Tahereh (2020) First notes on the syntax of Kholosi as a heritage language in the south of Iran‎, Hormozgan Cultural Heritage, Handcrafts & Tourism Organization

## Kongo
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *kéè.

### Adjective

-ke
* small , little

## Ladino
### Alternative forms

* que

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish que (“that”), from Latin quid (“what”), but usurping all the roles of Latin quod. Cognate with English who and Spanish que.

### Pronunciation

* Netanya:(file)

### Conjunction

ke (Hebrew spelling קי)
* that [ca. 1510]
** 2002, Gad Nassi, editor, En Tierras Ajenas Yo Me Vo Murir: Tekstos Kontemporanos en Djudeo-espaniol : Leyenda de Una Lingua - Haketia - Kuentos. Memorias - Meliselda - Oki Oki‎, Isis, →ISBN, page 414:Los amigos i los parientes a pareser, avian eksplikado a muestra mama ke, achakes del numero chiko de famiyas de la komunitad djudiya de Pashabahche, no se puedia asperar de tener un ayudo de eya, i ke kalia ke mirara de bushkar otrun remedio.The friends and relatives in position, they had explained to our mother that, because of the small number of families from Pashabahche’s Jewish community, one could have no hope of getting help from it, and that one shall need to search for one more remedy.
** 2005, Aki Yerushalayim‎, volumes 26–28, page 7:Una konversa se avia mizmo salvado de la muerte, en afirmando ke, achakes de su fervor katoliko avia mojado su rida kon esta sangre.One convert had saved herself from death by declaring that, because of her Catholic fervour, she had washed her hands of this blood.(literally, “One convert had herself saved from the death in affirming that because of her Catholic fervour she has soaked her handkerchief with this blood.”)
* as; because; for (indicating a reason)
    Coordinate term: porke
** 2013, Myriam Moscona, Jacobo Sefamí with Martín Fierro, José Hernández, Por mi boka: Textos de la diáspora sefardí en ladino‎, Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial México, →ISBN, page 222:[…] I el kijo azer lo mizmo, komo un buen kavayero, adjustar al suyo el nombre de la suya, i yamarse “don Kishot de la Mancha”, ke asegun el, deklarava klaramente su linaje i patria, i la onorava en tomandola por alkunya.And he kept repeating himself, like a good knight, adding to his name the name of his homeland, and calling himself ‘don Koshot de la Mancha’, as according to him, it was clearly declaring his lineage and homeland, and he was esteeming it in treating it like family.
* may; might (indicating desire or permission, usually used with the subjunctive)
    Ke tenga muncha azlaha en tu vida i en la otra.May you have much success in this life and the next.
** 2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar‎, Nur Afakot, page 28:Este es un kuento atado a una eksperiensa emosional sovrenatural, ke sea una eksperiensa emosional sovrenatural, ke sea una eksperiensa emosional relijioza personal, komo por exemplo un kuento sovre un santo sovrenatural o sovre un amahamiento mirakolozo, ke se trate de una eksperiensia emosional de un enkontro kon un ser sovrenatural o de un ser de otro mundo, komo un guerko o un fantazma.This is an account connected to an emotional supernatural experience, whether it be an emotional supernatural experience, or a personal emotional religious experience, as for example an account about a supernatural saint or about a miracle cure, it is about an emotional experience from an encounter with a supernatural being or a being from another world, like a demon or a ghost.

### Pronoun

ke m (Hebrew spelling קי)
* who; that [ca. 1510]
    Coordinate terms: ken, kualo
** 2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar‎, page 401:[…] i el ke izo mas empresión fue naturalmente Haím Refael, ke kontó de la Shoá i de estadía en Auschwitz i de komo kedó en vida.And the one who made the biggest impression was, naturally, Haím Refael, who recounted the Shoah, the stay in Auschwitz, and how he kept alive.
* that; whom [16th c.]
    Coordinate terms: ken, kualo
** 19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi‎, Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 222:I despues, respondyo Riza Pasha: "Sinyor, estos 2 sinyores son los ke vos avli ayer ke syempre estan mirando en el byen de la sivdad sin dingun enteres".And then Riza Pasha replied, ‘Sir, these are the two gentlemen whom I mentioned to you yesterday who are always looking after the city’s welfare irrespective of [self-]interest.’
* (interrogative) what [16th c.]
** 2005, Aki Yerushalayim‎, volumes 26–28, page 36:Onde vemos ke en esta parasha de "Bo" dize el pasuk: "i sera kuando dirian a vozotros guestros ijos: ke es isto?".Where we see that in this parashah of Bo, the verse says: ‘and when shall it be that your children would say to you: what is this?’
* (exclamative) such; what (a) (used to form exclamations indicating that something is remarkable, in either a good or ungood way)

### Preposition

ke (Hebrew spelling קי)
* than
** 2002, Aki Yerushalayim‎, numbers 68–72, page 45:Sus ultimas letras ya kontienen un espanyol bastante mas korrekto ke las primeras¹: […][Somebody’s] latest letters now have Spanish that is much more correct than the first.
* like; as
    Coordinate term: komo
** 2003, Sefárdica‎, numbers 14–16, Centro de Investigación y Difusión de la Cultura Sefaradí, page 83:Tomaremos de aki adelantre unos kuantos egzempios, eskojidos por kazualidad, por darmos una chika idea de la rikeza kulturala eskondida en las palavras ebreas ke en ladino.We shall take henceforth some examples, selected by chance, to give us a little idea of the cultural richness hidden in the Hebrew words as in Ladino.

### References

* 1 2 3 “ke”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.
* 1 2 Dov Cohen and Ora (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald (2019 June 19) “Coṃpendio delas šeḥiṭót (Constantinople ca. 1510): The First Judeo-Spanish Printed Publication”, in Journal of Jewish Languages, volume 7, number 1, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV, →DOI, →ISSN, page 4651

## Lutuv
### Pronunciation

IPA: [kēē]

### Noun

ke
* back (of body)

### References

* Amanda Bohnert, Kelly Harper Berkson, Sui Hnem Par (2022) “Vowel Sounds in Hnaring Lutuv”, in Indiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎, volume 3, number 1

## Malay
### Etymology 1

Phonetic spelling of -kah in a Johor-Riau accent.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkə/ [ˈkə]

#### Conjunction

ke (Jawi spelling ک)
* (informal) or
    Synonym: atau
    Besar ke kecil?Big or small?
    Boleh ke tak?Can you do it (or not)?

#### Suffix

ke (Jawi spelling ک)
* (informal) used on modal verbs, adverbs, verbs and nouns to form questions
    Boleh ke aku pinjam fon kau?Can I borrow your phone?
    Selalu ke cikgu tanya soalan macam tu?Is it often that the teacher ask questions like that?
    Abang kau dah beli ke PS5 yang dia kata nak beli tu?Has your brother bought the PS5 that he said he was going to buy?
    Kau ke yang dapat markah 100% dekat ujian baru-baru ni tu?Are you the one that got a score of a 100% for the recent test?

##### Usage notes

Note that unlike -kah, ke isn't written conjoined with a preceding word.

### Etymology 2

From Old Malay ka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkə/ [ˈkə]

#### Preposition

ke (Jawi spelling ک)
* to
    Antonym: dari
    Semalam aku pergi ke rumah kawan.Yesterday I went to a friend’s house.

##### Derived terms

* kepada

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: ke

### Etymology 3

From English kay.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/ [ke]

#### Noun

ké (plural ke-ke)
* The name of the Latin-script letter K/k.

##### Synonyms

* kaf (Jawi letter name)
* ke (Indonesian)

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) huruf; e, bi, si, di, i, ef, ji, hec, ai, je, ke, el, em, en, o, pi, kiu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dabel yu, eks, way, zed

## Mandarin
### Romanization

ke
* Nonstandard spelling of kē.
* Nonstandard spelling of ké.
* Nonstandard spelling of kě.
* Nonstandard spelling of kè.
* Nonstandard spelling of kê̄.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Mapudungun
### Noun

ke (Raguileo spelling)
* liver

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

## Mbyá Guaraní
### Verb

ke
* to sleep

#### Conjugation
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɛː/

### Pronoun

ke
* (dialectal, Eastern Norway) alternative form of kva (“what”)

## Old French
### Pronoun

ke
* Alternative form of que

### Conjunction

ke
* Alternative form of que

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀓𑁂 (Brahmi script)
* के (Devanagari script)
* কে (Bengali script)
* කෙ (Sinhalese script)
* ကေ or ၵေ (Burmese script)
* เก (Thai script)
* ᨠᩮ (Tai Tham script)
* ເກ (Lao script)
* កេ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄬 (Chakma script)

### Pronoun

ke
* masculine nominative/accusative plural of ka

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Portuguese querer and Spanish querer and Kabuverdianu kré.

### Verb

ke
* to want, to wish
* to love, to like

## Romani
### Conjunction

ke
* because

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Adjective

-ke (declinable)
* female

#### Coordinate terms

* -ume

#### Derived terms

* mke

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish que.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈke/ [ˈkɛ]
* Rhymes: -e
* Syllabification: ke

#### Conjunction

ke (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒ) (colloquial)
* even if; whether
    Synonyms: kahit, man, kahiman
    ke ganto ― even if this is like this

##### Related terms

* ike
* kesyo
* porke

### Etymology 2

Possibly from Mandarin 葛 (gé).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈkeʔ/ [ˈkɛʔ]
* Rhymes: -eʔ
* Syllabification: ke

#### Noun

kê (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒ) (botany)
* kudzu (Pueraria montans var. lobata)

### Further reading

* “ke”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Tocharian A
### Etymology

Compare Tocharian B kaiyye.

### Noun

ke
* chance, opportunity

## Tocharian B
### Etymology

Possibly related to the intensifying suffix -k(ä).

### Particle

ke
* intensifying particle

### Further reading

* Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ke”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 201

## Tooro
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *kéè.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke/

### Adjective

-ke (declinable)
* small, little
    Synonym: -taito
    Antonym: -kooto

#### Usage notes

When used in the plural, -ke can mean 'few' or 'small number of', in addition to 'small'. Thus, emiti mike can mean 'small trees' or 'a few trees'.

#### Related terms

* -keeha (“to grow small; to contract”)

### References

* Entry 7984 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
* Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary‎, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 358

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ce/, /ka/

### Noun

ke
* The name of the Latin-script letter K/k.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kɛ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [kɛ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kɛ˧˧]

### Noun

ke • (鷄)
* saliva/drool that flows out when sleeping
    Mồm dính ke kìa.You have spit around your mouth.

## Xerénte
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰe/

### Noun

ke
* honey

### References

* Rinaldo de Mattos, Fonêmica Xerente

## Ye'kwana
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ke]

### Particle

ke
* quotative particle

### References

* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “ke”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ké/

#### Verb

ké
* to cry; to shout; to scream
    Mo ké sí ọ ― I cry out to you

##### Derived terms

* akéwì (“oral poet”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ké/

#### Verb

ké
* to cut
    Synonym: gé

##### Derived terms

* àáké (“axe”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kè/

#### Particle

kè
* (Yagba) Alternative form of kò
    Ìghọn ọlọ́ṣà kè gbe arù rẹ̀ rè ― The thieves did not steal his luggage

## Zulu
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɠe/$^?$

#### Verb

-ke$^?$
* (auxiliary) sometimes, occasionally [with subjunctive]
    Ake akhale.Sometimes he cries.
* (auxiliary) ever [with past subjunctive clause]
    Wake wabona ibhubesi?Have you ever seen a lion?

##### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɠé/

#### Conjunction

ke
* (that one) dare to, let; indicates threatening [with subjunctive]
    Ke azame-nje!Just let him try!

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-ke”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-ke”
* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ke”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ke (3)”