# vest
## English
### Etymology

From French veste (“a vest, jacket”), from Latin vestis (“a garment, gown, robe, vestment, clothing, vesture”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- (“to be dressed”) (English wear). Cognate with Sanskrit वस्त्र (vastra) and Spanish vestir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɛst/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛst

### Noun

vest (plural vests)
* (Canada, US) A sleeveless garment that buttons down the front, worn over a shirt, and often as part of a suit; a waistcoat.
    Synonym: (Britain) waistcoat
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:The Jones man was looking at her hard. Now he reached into the hatch of his vest and fetched out a couple of cigars, everlasting big ones, with gilt bands on them.
* (British) A sleeveless garment, often with a low-cut neck, usually worn under a shirt or blouse.
    Synonyms: singlet, (US) tank top, (US) undershirt
* A sleeveless top, typically with identifying colours or logos, worn by an athlete or member of a sports team.
* Any sleeveless outer garment, often for a purpose such as identification, safety, or storage.
** 2010, Thomas Mullen, The Many Deaths of the Firefly Brothers, Random House, →ISBN, page 162:He gripped some of the shreds and pulled off his vest and the shirt beneath it, his clothing disintegrating around him. What in the hell point was there in wearing a twenty-five-pound bulletproof vest if you could still get gunned to death?
* A vestment.
** 1700, John Dryden, Palamon and Arcite:In state attended by her maiden train, / Who bore the vests that holy rites require.
* Clothing generally; array; garb.
** 1800, William Wordsworth, [unnamed poem] (classified under Inscriptions)
    Not seldom, clad in radiant vest / Deceitfully goes forth the morn.
* (now rare) A loose robe or outer garment worn historically by men in Arab or Middle Eastern countries.

#### Hyponyms

* (sleeveless outergarment): safety vest, scrimmage vest, fishing vest

#### Derived terms

* ballistic vest
* bulletproof vest
* close to one's vest
* close to the vest
* keep one's cards close to one's vest
* life vest
* more life in a tramp's vest
* Posey vest
* ranger vest
* rash vest
* sleeves from one's vest
* sobre-vest
* string vest
* suicide vest
* sweater vest
* tech vest
* vest buster
* vest date
* vest in interest
* vest pocket
* vest-pocket
* yellow vest

#### Related terms

* invest
* vest frottoir
* vestibule
* vestment
* vesture
* wear

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

vest (third-person singular simple present vests, present participle vesting, simple past and past participle vested)
* (chiefly passive) To clothe with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover, surround, or encompass closely.
** 1673, John Milton, Methought I Saw my Late Espoused Saint:Came vested all in white, pure as her mind.
** 1697, John Dryden, Aeneid:With ether vested, and a purple sky.
* To clothe with authority, power, etc.; to put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; followed by with and the thing conferred.
    to vest a court with power to try cases of life and death
** c. 1718, Matthew Prior, To Mr. Howard - An Ode:Had thy poor breast receiv’d an equal pain; / Had I been vested with the monarch’s power; / Thou must have sigh’d, unlucky youth, in vain; / Nor from my bounty hadst thou found a cure.
* To place or give into the possession or discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; with in before the possessor.
    The power of life and death is vested in the king, or in the courts.
** 1689 December (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], Two Treatises of Government: […], London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC:, Book I
    Empire and dominion […] was vested in him.
* (law) To clothe with possession; also, to give a person an immediate fixed right of present or future enjoyment of.
    to vest a person with an estate
    an estate is vested in possession
** 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:For the right of the crown vests […] upon his heir.
* (law, intransitive) (of an inheritance or a trust fund) To devolve upon the person currently entitled when a prior interest has ended.
    Upon the death of the Sovereign the Crown automatically vests in the next heir without the need of coronation or other formality.
* (financial, intransitive) To become vested, to become permanent.
    My pension vests at the end of the month and then I can take it with me when I quit.
** 2005, Kaye A. Thomas, Consider Your Options, page 104:If you doubt that you'll stick around at the company long enough for your options to vest, you should discount the value for that uncertainty as well.
** 2007, Ransey Guy Cole, Jr. (United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit), Roger Miller Music, Inc. v. Sony ATV Publishing, LLC
    Sony interpreted 17 U.S.C. § 304 as requiring that the author be alive at the start of the copyright renewal term for the author’s prior assignments to vest.
* (obsolete) To invest; to put.
    to vest money in goods, land, or houses

### Further reading

* “vest”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “vest”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “vest”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* ETVs, vets, EVTs, TVEs

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɛst/, [ʋɛsd̥]

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

#### Noun

vest c (singular definite vesten, not used in plural form)
* the west

##### Derived terms

* nordvest
* sydvest

#### Adverb

vest
* toward the west, westwards

### Etymology 2

From French veste.

#### Noun

vest c (singular definite vesten, plural indefinite veste)
* A vest.

##### Inflection
### References

* “vest” in Den Danske Ordbog

#### See also

compass points:
| nordvest | nord | nordøst |
| vest | | øst |
| sydvest | syd | sydøst |

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɛst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: vest
* Rhymes: -ɛst

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch vest, veste. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

vest f (plural vesten, diminutive vestje n)
* fortified wall, city wall
* moat
* boulevard

##### Synonyms

* veste

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French veste, from Italian veste, from Latin vestis.

#### Noun

vest n (plural vesten, diminutive vestje n)
* vest, cardigan, waistcoat

##### Derived terms

* zwemvest

## German
### Adjective

vest
* Obsolete spelling of fest.

## Latvian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *westéi. Cognate with Lithuanian vesti, Polish wieść, Russian вести (vesti), Slovene vesti.

### Verb

vest (transitive or intransitive, 1st conjugation, present vedu, ved, ved, past vedu)
* to lead

#### Derived terms

* aizvest
* atvest
* ievest
* uzvest

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Danish vest, from Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

#### Noun

vest n (abbreviation V) (indeclinable)
* west (compass point)

##### Antonyms

* øst

##### Derived terms

* nordvest
* sørvest
* Vest-Afrika
* Vest-Sahara
* vestafrikansk
* vesteuropeisk
* vestfra
* vestgoter
* Vestindia
* vestindisk
* vestkyst
* Vestlandet
* vestlending
* vestlig
* vestover
* vestside

### Etymology 2

From Latin vestis, via French [Term?] and Italian [Term?].

#### Noun

vest m (definite singular vesten, indefinite plural vester, definite plural vestene)
* a waistcoat

##### Derived terms

* redningsvest

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse vestr, from Proto-Germanic *westrą.

#### Noun

vest n (indeclinable) (abbreviation: V)
* west (compass point)

##### Antonyms

* aust

##### Derived terms

* nordvest
* sørvest
* Vest-Afrika
* Vest-Sahara
* vestafrikansk
* vesteuropeisk
* vestindisk
* vestkyst
* Vestlandet
* vestlending
* vestre
* vestside

### Etymology 2

From Latin vestis, via French and Italian.

#### Noun

vest m (definite singular vesten, indefinite plural vestar, definite plural vestane)
* a waistcoat

##### Derived terms

* redningsvest

## Old Swedish
### Verb

vēst
* second-person present indicative of vita

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German West.

### Noun

vest n (uncountable)
* west
    Synonyms: apus, asfințit, occident

#### Coordinate terms

compass points (French/Germanic origin): puncte cardinale:
| nord-vest | nord | nord-est |
| vest | | est |
| sud-vest | sud | sud-est |

## Romansch
### Etymology

From a Germanic language.

### Noun

vest m
* west

#### Antonyms

* ost
* oriaint

#### Derived terms

* nordvest
* sidvest

#### Related terms

* nord
* sid
* nordost
* sidost

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* vijȇst (Ijekavian)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věstь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, know, perceive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋêːst/
* Hyphenation: vest

### Noun

vȇst f (Cyrillic spelling ве̑ст)
* report, news
    Da li si mu kazala vesti? ― Did you tell him the news?

#### Derived terms

* pȍvēst

### References

* “vest”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *věstь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋéːst/

### Noun

vẹ̑st f
* conscience

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “vest”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “vest”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references