# 儃

| 儃 | U+5103, &#20739; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5103 |
| ← 儂 [U+5102] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 億 → [U+5104] |

## Translingual
### Han character

儃 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+13, 15 strokes, cangjie input 人卜田一 (OYWM), four-corner 2021$_6$, composition ⿰亻亶)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 118, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1177
* Dae Jaweon: page 251, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 227, character 4
* Unihan data for U+5103

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 儃
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
* Small seal scripts05774
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 皽 | *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ |
| 担 | *taːnʔ |
| 胆 | *daːn, *daːn |
| 疸 | *taːnʔ, *taːns |
| 觛 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ |
| 亶 | *taːnʔ |
| 嬗 | *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans |
| 笪 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 狚 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 旦 | *taːns |
| 鴠 | *taːns |
| 譠 | *tʰaːn, *rteːn |
| 坦 | *tʰaːnʔ |
| 但 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns |
| 檀 | *daːn |
| 壇 | *daːn |
| 儃 | *daːn, *djan |
| 驙 | *daːn, *tan |
| 袒 | *daːnʔ, *rdeːns |
| 襢 | *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans |
| 繵 | *daːnʔ |
| 膻 | *daːnʔ |
| 澶 | *daːns, *djan |
| 邅 | *tan, *danʔ, *dans |
| 鱣 | *tan |
| 饘 | *tjan, *tjanʔ |
| 旜 | *tjan |
| 氈 | *tjan |
| 鸇 | *tjan |
| 顫 | *tjans |
| 蟺 | *djanʔ |
| 擅 | *djans |
| 羶 | *hljan |
| 呾 | *taːd, *ʔraːd |
| 怛 | *taːd |
| 妲 | *taːd |
| 靼 | *taːd, *tjad |
| 炟 | *taːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːn, *djan): semantic 亻 (“human”) + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chán (chan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sin$^4$ / zin$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siân / siān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chán
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chán
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^2$
*** Yale: chán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charn
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sin$^4$ / zin$^1$
*** Yale: sìhn / jīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sin$^4$ / dzin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xin$^4$ / jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːn²¹/, /t͡siːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siân / siān
*** Tâi-lô: siân / siān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sieen, sien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn²⁴/, /siɛn²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn²⁴/, /siɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn¹³/, /siɛn²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɛn²⁴/, /siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn²³/, /siɛn³³/
* Middle Chinese: dan, dzyen
Rime :
| Character | 儃 | 儃 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 徒干切 | 市連切 |
| Baxter | dan | dzyen |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑn/ | /d͡ʑiᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑn/ | /d͡ʑiɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑn/ | /d͡ʑjæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dan/ | /d͡ʑian/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑn/ | /ʑiɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑn/ | /ʑĭɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑn/ | /ʑi̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán | chán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taan$^4$ | sin$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːn/, /*djan/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 儃 | 儃 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2064 | 2091 |
| Phonetic component | 旦 | 旦 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 壇 | 鋋 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːn/ | /*djan/ |

##### Definitions

儃
* Used in compounds: to linger; to revolve
* (historical dictionaries only) attitude; appearance
    alt. forms: 僤 / 𫢸

##### Compounds

* 儃佇
* 儃佪

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tǎn (tan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǎn
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^3$
*** Yale: tǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taan
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taan$^2$
*** Yale: táan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːn³⁵/

##### Definitions

儃
* Only used in 儃儃.

#### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàn (dan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^4$
*** Yale: dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵¹/

##### Definitions

儃
* Used in 儃僈.
* (literary, obsolete) in vain; for nothing

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 儃 – see 禪 (“to abdicate and give the crown to”). (This character is an obsolete form of 禪).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “儃”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00171

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せん (sen)、ぜん (zen)、たん (tan)、だん (dan)
* Kun: たたずむ (tatazumu, 儃む)、やうす (yausu)、ほしいまま (hoshiimama)

## Korean
### Hanja

儃 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.