# κρύσταλλος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

According to Beekes, the word is Pre-Greek — which Beekes claims is the case for all Greek words with the -αλλο- suffix. Contrary to this, the apparent semantic and phonetic relationship to κρύος (krúos, “cold; ice”), Latin crusta (“crust, bark”), and Old English hruse (“ground”) is striking - perhaps the word is a derivative of κρύος (krúos) with the addition of the Pre-Greek suffix.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krýs.tal.los/ → /ˈkrys.tal.los/ → /ˈkris.ta.los/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /krýs.tal.los/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkrys.tal.los/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈkrys.tal.los/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkrys.tal.los/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈkris.ta.los/

### Noun

κρύσταλλος • (krústallos) m (genitive κρυστάλλου); second declension
* ice
* rock crystal

#### Derived terms

* κρυστᾰλλῐ́ζω (krustăllĭ́zō)
* κρυστᾰ́λλῐνος (krustắllĭnos)
* κρυστᾰ́λλῐον (krustắllĭon)
* κρυστᾰλλοειδής (krustălloeidḗs)
* κρυστᾰλλόομαι (krustăllóomai)
* κρυστᾰλλόπηκτος (krustăllópēktos)
* κρυστᾰλλοφᾰνής (krustăllophănḗs)
* κρυστᾰλλώδης (krustăllṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* Byzantine Greek: κρύσταλλον n (krústallon), κρούσταλλον n (kroústallon) (change of gender probably influenced by Latin crystallum)
** Greek: κρύσταλλο n (krýstallo)
** → Russian: хруста́ль m (xrustálʹ)
** → Old Georgian: კურასტანი (ḳurasṭani)
* Greek: κρύσταλλος m (krýstallos, “molecular structure crystal”)
* → Latin: crystallus f or m, crystallum n, cristallum n (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρύσταλλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 787

### Further reading

* “κρύσταλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κρύσταλλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “κρύσταλλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* κρύσταλλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* κρύσταλλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G2930 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. footing idem, page 334.frost idem, page 347.ice idem, page 413.
* κρύσταλλος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɾi.sta.los/
* Hyphenation: κρύ‧σταλ‧λος

### Noun

κρύσταλλος • (krýstallos) m (plural κρύσταλλοι)
* (chemistry) crystal

#### Derived terms

* παγοκρύσταλλος (pagokrýstallos, “icicle”)

#### Related terms

* αποκρυσταλλώνω (apokrystallóno, “I crystallise”, lit. & fig.)
* αποκρυστλάλλωση f (apokrystlállosi, “crystallisation”)
* κρυσταλλικός (krystallikós, “crystallised”)
* κρυστάλλινος (krystállinos, “cut-glass, crystal”)
* κρύσταλλο n (krýstallo, “crystal: mineral, glass, ice”)
* κρυσταλλώνω (krystallóno, “I crystallise”)
* κρυστάλλωση f (krystállosi, “crystallisation”)

#### Further reading

* κρύσταλλος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$