# un
## English
### Noun

un (plural uns)
* Alternative spelling of 'un

### Anagrams

* NU, Nu, nu

## Aragonese
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈun/
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: un

### Numeral

un
* one

## Aromanian
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus. Compare Romanian un.

### Article

un (feminine unã or une)
* (indefinite article) a, an

#### Related terms

* unu

## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* unu

### Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈun/ [ˈũŋ]
* Audio:(file)

### Numeral

un or unu m (feminine una)
* one

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ūn.

### Noun

un (definite accusative unu, plural unlar)
* flour
    buğda unu ― wheat flour
    qarğıdalı unu ― corn flour
    bir torba un ― a bag of flour
    bir çuval un ― a sack of flour
    unu ələkdən keçirmək ― to sieve through flour
    unu ələmək ― to sieve through flour

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 597

### Further reading

* “un” in Obastan.com.

## Binandere
### Noun

un
* water

### Further reading

* Jonathan Paul Wilson, Binandere nominal structures (1996)

## Breton
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Article

un
* a/an

#### See also

* ur
* ul

## Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin ūnum (“one”), accusative form of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Romance cognates include Occitan un. Also related to English one.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [un]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -un

### Article

un m (feminine una, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)
* an; the indefinite article
* (in the plural) some

#### Usage notes

* Unlike English, Catalan uses the indefinite article with plural nouns as well as singular nouns.
* Catalan cardinal numbers may be used as masculine or feminine adjectives, except un/una (“1”), dos/dues (“2”), cents/centes (“100s”) and its compounds. When used as nouns, Catalan cardinal numbers are treated as masculine singular nouns in most contexts, but in expressions involving time such as la una i trenta (1:30) or les dues (two o'clock), they are feminine because the feminine noun hora has been elided.

### Numeral

un m (feminine una, noun form u)
* (cardinal number) one

### Pronoun

un m sg (feminine una)
* one; indefinite pronoun

#### Derived terms

* cada un
* l'un a l'altre
* tot d'una

## Chamorro
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/

### Etymology 1

Origin unknown.

#### Pronoun

un
* thou, you (singular)
    Kao un taitai i lepblo-mu? ― Did you read your book?

##### Usage notes

* un is used solely as a subject in a transitive verb, while hao is used as either a subject in an intransitive verb or an object in a transitive verb.

##### See also
### Etymology 2

From Spanish un.

#### Article

un
* a, an

### References

* Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar‎, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

## Chinese
### Etymology 1

From clipping of English understand.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): an$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: an$^1$
*** Yale: ān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: an$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: en$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐn⁵⁵/

#### Verb

un
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, colloquial) to understand
    你un唔un呀？ [Cantonese] ― nei$^5$ an$^1$ m$^4$ an$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping] ― Do you understand? (literally, “You un(derstand) or not un(derstand)?”)

### Etymology 2

Romanisation of 䟴, influenced by spelling of English un. Not related to English un semantically.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngan$^3$ / an$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngan$^3$ / an$^3$
*** Yale: ngan / an
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngan$^3$ / an$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngen$^3$ / en$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐn³³/, /ɐn³³/

#### Verb

un
* (Cantonese) Nonstandard form of 䟴.

### Etymology 3

Romanisation of 𬒔, influenced by spelling of English un. Not related to English un semantically.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ang$^2$ / ngang$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ang$^2$ / ngang$^2$
*** Yale: áng / ngáng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ang$^2$ / ngang$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eng$^2$ / ngeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐŋ³⁵/, /ŋɐŋ³⁵/

#### Verb

un
* (Cantonese) Nonstandard form of 𬒔.

## Chuukese
### Verb

un
* to drink

## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi. Cognate with German und, Dutch en, English and, Icelandic enn.

### Conjunction

un
* (Luserna, Sette Comuni) and

### References

* “un” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

## Corsican
### Etymology

From Latin unus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Cognates include Italian un (“a”) and French un (“a, one”).

### Article

un m (feminine una)
* a, an

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ūn. Cognate to Kumyk ун (un), etc.

### Noun

un
* flour

### References

https://classes.ru/all-crtatar/dictionary-crtatar-russian-cyr-term-12094.htm

## Dongxiang
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uŋ/

### Noun

un
* Alternative form of uwun (“winter”)

## Drehu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/

### Noun

un
* snake

### References

* Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
* Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

## Dutch Low Saxon
### Conjunction

un
* and

## Fala
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũu, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one; single”).

### Article

un m sg (plural us or unhus or unhos, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)
* Masculine singular indefinite article; a
** 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 2: Númerus?:As lenguas, idiomas, dialectus o falas tenin un-as funciós mui claras desde o principiu dos siglu i si hai contabilizaus en o mundu un-as 8.000 lenguas, ca un-a con sua importancia numérica relativa, a nossa fala é un tesoiru mais entre elas.The tongues, languages or regional variants have some very clear functions since the beginning of the centuries and some 8,000 languages have been accounted for in the world, each with its relative numerical importance, our Fala is another treasure among them.

### Numeral

un m (feminine unha)
* one

#### Related terms

* primeiru (“first”)

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Franco-Provençal
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin ūnus. Doublet of yon (“one”).

### Determiner

un (feminine una or 'na, plural des) (ORB, broad)
* a, an (masculine singular indefinite article)

### References

* un [1] in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
* un in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## French
### Etymology

From Old French un, from Latin ūnum, accusative singular of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /œ̃/, /ɛ̃/, (before a vowel) /œ̃.n‿/, /ɛ̃.n‿/
* (Quebec) IPA: [œ̃˞]
* When used as a noun, it is treated as aspirated (no liaison with that which precedes). Sometimes the same is true of the numeral (see below and compare onze). When used as an article or pronoun, liaison does apply normally.
* Audio (France):(file)
* Audio (France):(file)
* Audio (France):(file)
* Audio (Belgium):(file)
* Audio (Quebec):(file)
* Rhymes: -œ̃, -ɛ̃

### Article

un m (feminine une, plural des, negative de)
* an, a

### Numeral

un (feminine une, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)
* one

#### Usage notes

* The numeral is treated as aspirated in calculating and stating values: soustraire deux de un (“to subtract two from one”), une moyenne de un (“an average of one”). Also in dates, though this is considered nonstandard: le un mars for le premier mars (“March 1st”). Otherwise it is unaspirated.
* Whereas in English the singular is used only after the number one, in French it is typically used after numbers smaller than two. This means that both zéro and un are generally used with the singular, even when they are followed by a decimal part.
       zéro point ― zero points
       0,35 mètre ― 0.35 metres
       1,99 euro ― 1.99 euros

#### Derived terms

* comme pas un
* être moins une
* plutôt deux fois qu’une
* un à un
* un contre un
* un par un
* un pour tous, tous pour un
* une fois n’est pas coutume

#### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: en
* Louisiana Creole: in, un

### Pronoun

un m (feminine une, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)
* one, someone

#### Derived terms

* les uns les autres
* l’un après l’autre
* l’un dans l’autre
* l’un l’autre

### Noun

un m (plural un or uns)
* one (the number or figure)

### Further reading

* “un”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* nu

## Friulian
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

### Article

un m (feminine une)
* a, an

### Adjective

un
* one

### Numeral

un (feminine une)
* one

### Pronoun

un
* one

#### Related terms

* unî

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese un, ũu, from Latin ūnus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈuŋ/ [ˈuŋ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uŋ
* Hyphenation: un

### Article

un m sg (feminine unha, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unhas)
* (indefinite) a, an (before vowel and silent h), one
    un sopapo da súa mana slap in the face

#### Usage notes

The article un and its inflected forms unha, uns, and unhas all form contractions with the prepositions con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”).

#### Derived terms

* cun, cunha, cunhas, cuns
* dun, dunha, dunhas, duns
* nun, nunha, nunhas, nuns

#### See also

| | Singular | Singular | Plural | Plural |
| | Masculine | Feminine | Masculine | Feminine |
| Definite articles (the) | o | a | os | as |
| Indefinite articles (a, an, some) | un | unha | uns | unhas |

### Numeral

un m (feminine unha)
* one

#### Usage notes

The numeral un and its feminine form unha form contractions with the prepositions con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”).

#### Derived terms

* cun, cunha
* dun, dunha
* nun, nunha

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “un”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ũu”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “un”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “un”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Garifuna
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ũ/

### Postposition

un
* to

#### Inflection
## German Low German
### Alternative forms

* on (in Low Prussian and some other dialects)

### Etymology

Ultimately cognate to German und.

### Conjunction

un
* and
    Planten un Blomen ― plants and flowers

## Guinea-Bissau Creole
### Etymology

From Portuguese um. Cognate with Kabuverdianu un.

### Numeral

un
* one (1)

### Article

un
* a, an (indefinite article)

## Gun
### Alternative forms

* n (Nigeria)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ũ̀/

### Pronoun

ùn
* I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

#### See also

Gungbe personal pronouns :
| Number | Person | Emphatic Pronoun | Subject Pronoun | Object Pronoun | Possessive Determiner |
| Singular | First | nyɛ́, yẹ́n | ùn, n | mi | cé, ṣié |
| Singular | Second | jɛ̀, jẹ̀, yẹ̀, hiẹ̀ | à | wè | tòwè |
| Singular | Third | éɔ̀, úɔ̀, éwọ̀ | é | è | étɔ̀n, étọ̀n |
| Plural | First | mílɛ́, mílẹ́ | mí | mí | mítɔ̀n, mítọ̀n |
| Plural | Second | mìlɛ́, mìlẹ́ | mì | mì | mìtɔ̀n, mìtọ̀n |
| Plural | Third | yélɛ́, yélẹ́ | yé | yé | yétɔ̀n, yétọ̀n |

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Of unknown origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈun]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -un

### Verb

un
* (transitive) to be bored of, to be fed up with, to be tired of

#### Derived terms

* unalom
* unatkozik
* unos-untalan
* untat
* untig
(With verbal prefixes):
* beleun
* elun
* megun
* ráun

### References

* ↑ un in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* un in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* unn (Altenhofen spelling)

### Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈun/
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: un

### Conjunction

un
* and
    Draus is es kalt un nass.It's cold and wet outside.
    Ich kaafe Epple un Bananne.I buy apples and bananas.

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from French un, Italian un, Spanish un.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /un/

### Numeral

un
* one

#### Derived terms

* una (“one (showing unity)”)
* unajo (“unit”)
* unesala (“unitary”)
* unesma (“first”)
* unesme (“first, at first, first of all”)
* uneso (“unity, oneness”)
* unfoye (“once, one time”)
* unigar (“to unify: to form into one”)
* unigo (“unification”)
* -uno
* uno (“unit”)
* unu (“one (person)”)

## Interlingua
### Article

un
* an, a

### Numeral

un
* one

## Italian
### Etymology

From uno, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/
* Rhymes: -un
* Hyphenation: un
* (Rome) IPA: /n̩/

### Article

un m (apocopated)
* Apocopic form of uno: a, an

### Numeral

un (apocopated)
* Apocopic form of uno: one

### Pronoun

un m (apocopated)
* (literary) Apocopic form of uno: one (indefinite pronoun)
** c. 1200, Guido Cavalcanti, “Vedete ch'io son un che vo piangendo”, in Rime:Vedete ch'io son un che vo [sic] piangendoYou see that I'm someone who cries.

### Anagrams

* nu

## Japanese
### Romanization

un
* Rōmaji transcription of うん

## Juǀ'hoan
### Pronunciation

* The nasal vowel IPA: /ũ/

### Letter

un (upper case Un)
* A letter of the Juǀ'hoan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Kabuverdianu
### Etymology

From Portuguese um.

### Numeral

un
* one (1)

### Article

un
* a, an (indefinite article)

## Karakalpak
### Noun

un
* flour

## Ladin
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

### Adjective

un
* one

### Noun

un m (uncountable)
* one

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Old Spanish un, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/

### Article

un (Hebrew spelling און, plural unos, feminine una)
* a (masculine singular)

## Latvian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German un (“and”). It replaced, in this sense, the particle ir (compare Lithuanian ir, which still has the sense of “and”). Variants were und, unde and ind, in (these latter may have been influenced by ir, but ind also existed in Middle Low German). From the 18th century on, the form un gradually became dominant.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ùn]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Conjunction

un
* additive conjunction used to link similar terms in a clause; and
    Didzis un Ilga apstājās ― Didzis and Ilga stopped
    tas ir skaists un dārgs ― this is beautiful and expensive
    tēvs strādā un domā ― father is working and thinking
* used to link clauses within a sentence; and
    Lupatu Zeta smējās tik sirsnīgi, ka asaras sakāpa acīs un pat Lupats pieliecās klausīties ― Lupatu Zeta laughed so heartily that tears filled her eyes and even Lupats leaned forward to listen
    pie tēva vīri atnāk uz runāšanu... Annelei patīk skatīties, kādi tie vīri un kā viņi runā ― (some) men came to father to talk... Annele liked to look what those men looked like and how they spoke
* used to link two independent clauses, indicating simultaneity, sequence, contrast, opposition, or comparison between them; and
    uzlec saule, un sākas jauna diena ― the sun rises, and a new day begins
    Annele papurināja smiedamās galvu, un visi lakati bija atkal nost ― Annele shook her head, laughing, and all scarves were (= fell) off once more
    Ansis bija noliesējis gluži dzeltenīgs, nomocījis, un tomēr viņa acīs bija arī līksmība ― Ansis had lost weight, grown rather yellow, (he looked) run down, and yet in his eyes there was also joy
    pavasarī viņam palika pieci gadi, un tas jau bija diezgan cienījams vecums ― in spring he became five years (old), and that was already quite a respectable age
* used to introduce an independent clause, linking it to the preceding context
    mātei varēja stāstīt visu... vai tiešām visu? un Ģirts atskārta, ka pēdējā laikā noticis daudz kas tāds, par ko viņš tomēr nestāstīs mātei... ― mother might tell everything... really everything? and Ģirts realized that recently many things had happened that he wouldn't tell mother...
    atceries, cik Latvijā šis vārds skanēja noslēpumaini un vilinoši: Kalifornija! un tagad ļoti labvēlīgs liktenis tevi iespēlējis tieši teiksmainajā Kalifornijā ― remember how in Latvia this word sounds mysterious and tempting: California! and now a very favorable fate has brought you to legendary California

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “un”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Ligurian
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /yŋ/

### Numeral

un m (feminine ùnn-a)
* one

### Noun

un m (invariable)
* The number one.

### Article

un m (feminine ùnn-a)
* a, an (male)

#### Usage notes

* When followed by a word beginning with a vowel, the article undergoes apheresis, becoming 'n, and the place of articulation of the nasal changes from velar to dental:
    un + òmmo → 'n òmmo (“a man”) (pronounced [ˈnɔmmu], NOT [ˈŋɔmmu])
* When followed by a word beginning with a consonant:
** the article becomes in (pron. /iŋ/), if:
*** it is found in sentence-initial position, or after a punctuation mark
*** it is preceded by a word ending in /ŋ/
    in matìn in figeu o corîva – a boy was running one morning (pron. [iŋ maˈtiŋ iŋ fiˈd͡ʒø u kuˈriːva])
** the article undergoes apheresis, becoming 'n, without the nasal changing place of articulation:
    ò visto 'n zìn – I saw a sea urchin (pron. [ɔ ˈvistu ŋ ˈziŋ])

### Pronoun

un m (feminine ùnn-a)
* someone, a person
    Ò vìsto un ch'o m'à dæto dêxe éori.I saw someone who gave me ten euros.

## Livonian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Low German un, probably through Latvian un.

### Interjection

un
* and

## Louisiana Creole
### Alternative forms

* in

### Etymology

Inherited from French un (“a, one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /œ̃/
* Rhymes: -œ̃

### Article

un m (indefinite, feminine unn or ènn)
* a, an

### Numeral

un
* one

## Luxembourgish
### Alternative forms

* u (used before consonants other than d, h, n, t, z)

### Etymology

From Old High German ana. The form is phonetically regular through the developments -a- → -ue- in originally open syllables, and -ue- → -u- before nasals.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/

### Preposition

un (+ dative or accusative)
* on; at; to
    D’Biller hänken un der Wand.The pictures hang on the wall.

## Manx
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Compare Breton unan, Cornish onan, Irish aon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eːn/, /ɯːn/, /uːn/

### Numeral

un
* one

#### Related terms

* unnane

## Middle French
### Alternative forms

* ung

### Etymology

From Old French un, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ỹ/

### Article

un
* a, an

### Numeral

un (invariable)
* one

#### Descendants

* French: un

## Middle Welsh
### Alternative forms

* vn

### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʉn/

### Numeral

un
* one

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Simon Evans (1964) A Grammar of Middle Welsh, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, § 1

## Mirandese
### Article

un m (feminine ua)
* a, an

## Norman
### Alternative forms

* iun (Guernsey)

### Etymology

From Old French uns, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Jersey):(file)

### Article

un m
* a / an (masculine indefinite article)

#### Coordinate terms

* (gender): eune
* (definiteness): lé

### Numeral

un m (feminine ieune)
* (Jersey) one

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Old Occitan un, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* (Gascony) IPA: /ˈy/
* (Languedoc) IPA: /ˈyn/
* Audio (Gascony):(file)
* Audio (Languedoc):(file)
* Hyphenation: un

### Article

un m (feminine una)
* a, an (masculine singular indefinite article)

### Numeral

un
* one

### Further reading

* Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 1009.

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin ūnum, accusative singular of ūnus (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /yn/

### Article

un
* a, an (masculine oblique singular indefinite article)
* a, an (masculine nominative plural indefinite article)

#### Declension
### Numeral

cardinal number :
| 1 | Previous: | n/a |
| 1 | Next: | deus |
un (nominative uns, feminine une)
* one

#### Descendants

* Middle French: un, ung
** French: un
* Norman: un, iun (Guernsey)
* Walloon: un

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Article

un
* Alternative form of ũu

## Old Tupi
### Alternative forms

* ũ (São Vicente)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *un (“black, dark”).
Cognate with Guaraní hũ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈũn/
* Rhymes: -ũn
* Hyphenation: un

### Adjective

un (IIa class pluriform, R1 run, R2 sun, noun form una)
* black
* dark
    Synonym: putun

#### Derived terms

* ũmbarab
* 'ysokaúna
* abatiúna
* akaraúna
* araruna
* ka'iúna
* pindaúna
* sabîaúna
* tataûrana
* tieúna
* timuna
* tiîeúna
* una
* ûyraûasuúna
* moún
* obamoún
* obaún
* îemoún

#### See also

Colors in Old Tupi (layout · text) :
| Nouns | piranga | îuba, tagûá (LGA) | oby | obyeté | *umbyka | morotinga, tinga | una, pyxuna (LGA) | tingaíba, pytanga / pyxanga |
| Adjectives | pirang | îub, tagûá (LGA) | oby | obyeté | *umbyk | moroting, ting | un, pyxun (LGA) | tingaíb, pytang / pyxang |

### References

* ↑ Antônio Augusto Souza Mello (2000 March 17) “Reconstruções Lexicais e Cognatos” (chapter III), in Estudo histórico da família linguística tupi-guarani: aspectos fonológicos e lexicais‎ (in Portuguese), Florianópolis: UFSC

### Further reading

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “un”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 498, column 1

## Palikur
### Noun

un n
* water

### References

* Languages of the Amazon (2012, →ISBN

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Spanish uno and Portuguese um and Kabuverdianu un.

### Numeral

un
* one (1)

### Article

un
* a, an (indefinite article)

## Pennsylvania German
### Alternative forms

* un'

### Etymology

Cognate to German und, English and.

### Conjunction

un
* and

## Piedmontese
### Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos. Cognates include Italian uno and French un.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /yŋ/
* IPA: /ʏŋ/

### Numeral

un
* one

## Romagnol
### Etymology 1

From Latin ūnum (“one”).

#### Pronunciation

   * (Central Romagnol): IPA: [u]
      * (Ville Unite):

#### Article

un m (feminine una)
* a, an
    Un òman l'impèja e’ fug. ― A man lights the fire.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

   * (Central Romagnol): IPA: [ˈuː]
      * (Ville Unite):

#### Numeral

un m (feminine una)
* one
    Am so tajê un pè.I've cut one foot.

### References

Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 683

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* (Moldavian) ун (un)

### Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -un

### Article

un m or n (feminine singular o, plural niște)
* a, an (indefinite article)

#### Usage notes

Un is also used as a cardinal number (see unu and una).
O is used for feminine nouns:
    un bărbat ― a man (masculine)
    un vis ― a dream (neuter)
    o femeie ― a woman (feminine)

#### Related terms

* unu (used as a numeral/cardinal number)
* unul (used as an indefinite pronoun)

## Salar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *un. Cognate with Azerbaijani, Gagauz, and Turkish un, Turkmen ūn.

### Noun

un (3rd person possessive unı, plural unlar)
* flour

### References

* Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “un”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow

## Sassarese
### Alternative forms

* unu

### Etymology

From Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/

### Article

un m (indeterminative, feminine una)
* a, an

### References

* Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian and, from Proto-Germanic *andi. Cognates include West Frisian en and German und.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʊn/
* Hyphenation: un
* Rhymes: -ʊn

### Conjunction

un
* and
** 2000, Marron C. Fort, transl., Dät Näie Tästamänt un do Psoolme in ju aasterlauwerfräiske Uurtoal fon dät Seelterlound, Fräislound, Butjoarlound, Aastfräislound un do Groninger Umelounde [The New Testament and the Psalms in the East Frisian language, native to Saterland, Friesland, Butjadingen, East Frisia and the Ommelanden of Groningen], →ISBN, Dät Evangelium ätter Matthäus 1:20:Wilst hie noch deeruur ättertoachte, ferskeen him n Ängel fon dän Here in n Droom un kwaad: Josef, Súun fon David, freze die nit, Maria as dien Wieuw bie die aptouníemen;While he was still thinking about it, came to him an angel from the Lord in a dream and said: Joseph, son of David, don't be afraid to take Maria as your wife;

### References

* Marron C. Fort (2015) “un”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Numeral

un (Cyrillic spelling ун)
* (Chakavian) one (1)

#### Synonyms

* jedan
* jen (regional)

## Sicilian
### Etymology

From unu, from Latin ūnus.

### Article

un m sg
* (indefinite) a, an

#### Usage notes

Un is never used before words starting with the letter z or s and a consonant, like the Italian un

### See also
## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *onъ.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Determiner

un
* (regional) that

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* ún (obsolete)

### Etymology

From uno, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/ [ũn]
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: un

### Article

un m (indefinite, plural unos, feminine una, feminine plural unas)
* a

#### Usage notes

* When a feminine noun starts with a stressed a- or ha-, un is used instead of una to prevent the sound from being used twice.
    ¡Mira al cielo, hay un águila!Look at the sky, there's an eagle!
    ¡Manos arriba, tengo un arma!Hands up, I have a gun!

### Numeral

un m (apocopate, standard form uno)
* (before the noun) Apocopic form of uno (“one”)

#### Usage notes

* The form un is only used before and within the noun phrase of the masculine singular noun that it modifies. In other positions, uno is used instead.

### Further reading

* “un”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* DiPerú | Diccionario de peruanismos en línea

## Sumerian
### Romanization

un
* Romanization of 𒌦

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From 'yun or 'yon, clipping of iyon, where ⟨'yu⟩ was replaced with English U, read as in the English letter, to shorten it. See also yaon.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈjun/ [ˈjun̪]
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: un

### Pronoun

un (Baybayin spelling ᜌᜓᜈ᜔) (colloquial, text messaging)
* Abbreviation of 'yun.

### Anagrams

* n.u.

## Tatar
### Numeral

un (Cyrillic spelling ун)
* ten

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Old Turkic [script needed] (un), from Proto-Turkic *ūn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /un/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

un (definite accusative unu, plural unlar)
* flour

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
un
unlar
definite accusative
unu
unları
dative
una
unlara
locative
unda
unlarda
ablative
undan
unlardan
genitive
unun
unların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
unum
unlarım
2nd singular
unun
unların
3rd singular
unu
unları
1st plural
unumuz
unlarımız
2nd plural
ununuz
unlarınız
3rd plural
unları
unları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
unumu
unlarımı
2nd singular
ununu
unlarını
3rd singular
ununu
unlarını
1st plural
unumuzu
unlarımızı
2nd plural
ununuzu
unlarınızı
3rd plural
unlarını
unlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
unuma
unlarıma
2nd singular
ununa
unlarına
3rd singular
ununa
unlarına
1st plural
unumuza
unlarımıza
2nd plural
ununuza
unlarınıza
3rd plural
unlarına
unlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
unumda
unlarımda
2nd singular
ununda
unlarında
3rd singular
ununda
unlarında
1st plural
unumuzda
unlarımızda
2nd plural
ununuzda
unlarınızda
3rd plural
unlarında
unlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
unumdan
unlarımdan
2nd singular
unundan
unlarından
3rd singular
unundan
unlarından
1st plural
unumuzdan
unlarımızdan
2nd plural
ununuzdan
unlarınızdan
3rd plural
unlarından
unlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
unumun
unlarımın
2nd singular
ununun
unlarının
3rd singular
ununun
unlarının
1st plural
unumuzun
unlarımızın
2nd plural
ununuzun
unlarınızın
3rd plural
unlarının
unlarının :

## Turkmen
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ūn.

### Noun

ūn (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])
* flour

## Uzbek
### Noun

un (plural unlar)
* flour

## Venetan
### Alternative forms

* on (rural areas)

### Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

### Article

un m (feminine na)
* masculine singular indefinite article; a, an

### Numeral

un
* one

#### See also
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh un, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ɨːn/
* (South Wales) IPA: /iːn/
* Rhymes: -ɨːn

### Numeral

un
* (cardinal number) one

#### Usage notes

* With a singular feminine noun, causes the limited soft mutation (i.e. the soft mutation but excludes mutation of ll- and rh-. So un rhyfel 'one battle' not *un ryfel but un gath [<cath], un ferch [< merch], etc.). Does not mutate masculine or plural nouns.

### Adjective

un
* only, sole

### Noun

un m (plural unau)
* one, individual
    Sut un ydy dy chwaer?What's your sister like (as a person)?(literally, “What kind of one is your sister?”)
* each (by extension of 'one')
    Mae'r afalau 'ma'n costio trideg ceiniog yr un, neu ddwy bunt y cilo.These apples cost thirty pence each [per unit], or two pounds a kilo.

### Related terms

* dim un (“none”)
* pob un (“each”)
* -yn

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “un”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Yoruba
### Pronunciation

* (mid-tone): IPA: /ũ̄/
* (high-tone): IPA: /ṹ/

### Pronoun

un
* him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a high-tone /ũ/)

### Pronoun

ún
* him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /ũ/)