# 唾

| 唾 | U+553E, &#21822; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-553E |
| ← 唽 [U+553D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 唿 → [U+553F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

唾 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口竹十一 (RHJM), four-corner 6201$_4$, composition ⿰口垂)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3785
* Dae Jaweon: page 414, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 641, character 14
* Unihan data for U+553E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 唾 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 埵 | *toːlʔ |
| 綞 | *toːlʔ |
| 涶 | *tʰoːl, *tʰoːls |
| 唾 | *tʰoːls |
| 厜 | *stol |
| 腄 | *tol, *dols, *ɢʷɯ |
| 箠 | *tol, *tjolʔ |
| 娷 | *tols |
| 諈 | *tols |
| 錘 | *dol, *dols, *du |
| 甀 | *dol, *dols |
| 硾 | *dols |
| 捶 | *tjolʔ |
| 垂 | *djol |
| 陲 | *djol |
| 倕 | *djol |
| 菙 | *djolʔ |
| 睡 | *djols |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰoːls): semantic 口 + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol).

### Etymology

Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཐོ་ལེ (tho le, “spit”), Burmese တွေး (twe:, “spittle”) (Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tuò (tuo$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): to$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): to$^3$ / toe$^3$ / tou$^3$ / toe$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): tu$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): tho
    (Hailu, HRS): to$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): to$^4$ / tui$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): te$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tó̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tui$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thò / thò͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): to$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$thu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): to$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuò
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^4$
*** Yale: twò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuoh
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: to$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: to
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^3$ / toe$^3$ / tou$^3$ / toe$^5$
*** Yale: to / teu / tou / téuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^3$ / toe$^3$ / tou$^3$ / toe$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^3$ / tê$^3$ / tou$^3$ / tê$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː³³/, /tʰœː³³/, /tʰou̯³³/, /tʰœː¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: tu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
*** Hakka Romanization System: to
*** Hagfa Pinyim: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: to$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: to$^4$ / tui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵³/, /tʰuɪ⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: te$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰɤ⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tó̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tui$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: tu̍i
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰui⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò
*** Tâi-lô: thò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toix
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰo¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰo²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò͘
*** Tâi-lô: thòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tox
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: to$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thó
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$thu
*** MiniDict: thu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$thu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰu³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo⁴⁵/
* Middle Chinese: thwaH
Rime :
| Character | 唾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 湯卧切 |
| Baxter | thwaH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰwa$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰuɑ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰˤoj-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰoːls/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 唾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tuò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thwa$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰˁoj-s/ |
| English | to spit (Sagart & Ma, 2020) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 唾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1661 |
| Phonetic component | 垂 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 唾 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰoːls/ |

### Definitions

唾
* saliva
    唾腺 ― tuòxiàn ― salivary gland
* to spit
* to spit at; to spit with contempt
* to vomit

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 涎, 唾 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 唾液, 口涎, 口水 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 口水 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 唾沫, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 口水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 口水, 痴水, 憨水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 口水, 憨水, 哈喇子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 口水 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 哈喇子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 哈喇子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 斜斜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 哈喇喇 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 哈喇水兒, 哈喇水 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 斜斜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 痴拉拉, 咧涎, 斜涎, 哈喇子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 痴水 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 痴水 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 痴水 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 痴水, 痴水痘兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 痴水, 舌涎 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 斜斜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 口嘍水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 嘴水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 口水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 口水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 嘴水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 嘴水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 口水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 口水, 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 憨水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 口水, 口婁水 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 嘴水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 口水, 哈喇子, 憨水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 憨水, 口水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 口水, 憨水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 憨水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 憨水 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 憨水, 哈喇子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 哈喇子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 口水, 憨口水, 清口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 口水, 涎水, 涎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 口水, 涎水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 憨水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 涎水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 涎口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 口水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 口水, 口漦 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 口水, 涎水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 饞水 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 憨水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 口水子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 饞, 唾沫 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 口水 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 饞, 涎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 口瀾 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 口瀾 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 口水泡 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 涎水 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 涎水, 口水 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 口水 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 口水 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 涎 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 口瀾 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 饞水 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 口瀾, 口瀾水, 口水 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 口水 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 口水 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 口水 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 嘴瀾水 |
| Hakka | Changting | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 喉瀾 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 喉瀾水 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 夫瀾水, 夫瀾 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 口瀾 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 口水 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 口水, 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 口瀾, 口瀾水 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 口水 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 口水 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 口水 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 口水 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 口涎, 口水 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 口涎 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 憨水, 唾沫, 吐沫 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 憨拉水 |
| Jin | Datong | 憨水 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 憨水 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 涎水 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 憨水 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 憨水 |
| Jin | Linhe | 憨水 |
| Jin | Jining | 憨水 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 憨水, 憨拉子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 憨水 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 憨水 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 憨水 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 憨水 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 憨拉水 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 口水, 哈喇子, 憨拉水 |
| Jin | Handan | 口水, 哈水, 憨水 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 憨水 |
| Jin | Suide | 憨水 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 瀾, 瀾水 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang (Huangkeng) | 唾 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 瀾 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 瀾, 喙瀾, 津液 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 瀾水 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 瀾, 喙瀾 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 瀾, 瀾水 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 瀾 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 瀾 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 瀾 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 呲嘴瀾 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 涎 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 口水 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 饞唾, 饞唾水 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 饞唾水 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 饞唾, 饞唾水 |
| Wu | Danyang | 痰吐, 涎吐, 饞吐 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 饞唾, 饞唾水兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 饞唾水, 饞茶水, 瀾唾水 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 口瀾水, 饞瀾, 瀾 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 口唾水 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 饞 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 痰水子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 口水, 饞 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 口水, 饞 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 口水 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 口水 |

### Compounds

* 一唾
* 不顧而唾 / 不顾而唾
* 乾嚥唾 / 干咽唾
* 交唾
* 交詈聚唾
* 口唾
* 咽唾
* 咳唾
* 咳唾成珠
* 咳珠唾玉
* 唾井
* 唾取
* 唾吐
* 唾噦 / 唾哕
* 唾地成文
* 唾壺 / 唾壶 (tuòhú)
* 唾壺擊缺 / 唾壶击缺
* 唾壺敲缺 / 唾壶敲缺
* 唾手
* 唾手可取
* 唾手可得 (tuòshǒukědé)
* 唾掌
* 唾斥
* 唾是命
* 唾棄 / 唾弃 (tuòqì)
* 唾沫 (tuòmo)
* 唾沫星
* 唾沫星子 (tuòmo xīngzi)
* 唾沫直嚥 / 唾沫直咽
* 唾津
* 唾洟
* 唾津兒 / 唾津儿
* 唾涕
* 唾涎
* 唾液 (tuòyè)
* 唾液腺 (tuòyèxiàn)
* 唾玉
* 唾盂 (tuòyú)
* 唾視 / 唾视
* 唾絨 / 唾绒
* 唾罵 / 唾骂 (tuòmà)
* 唾耳
* 唾背
* 唾腺 (tuòxiàn)
* 唾辱
* 唾酒
* 唾面
* 唾面自乾 / 唾面自干
* 唾餘 / 唾余
* 噀唾
* 嚥唾 / 咽唾
* 寶唾 / 宝唾
* 拾人唾涕
* 拾人唾餘 / 拾人唾余
* 拾人涕唾
* 拾唾餘 / 拾唾余
* 拾餘唾 / 拾余唾
* 擊唾壺 / 击唾壶
* 擊碎唾壺 / 击碎唾壶
* 棄唾 / 弃唾
* 欬唾
* 欬唾成珠
* 止唾
* 津唾
* 涎唾
* 涕唾
* 玉唾
* 玉唾壺 / 玉唾壶
* 珠唾
* 珠璣咳唾 / 珠玑咳唾 (zhūjīkétuò)
* 衉唾
* 謦唾
* 銀鉤玉唾 / 银钩玉唾
* 霧唾 / 雾唾
* 餘唾 / 余唾
* 饞唾 / 馋唾

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “唾”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 550.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: た (ta)
* Kan-on: た (ta)
* Kan’yō-on: だ (da, Jōyō)
* Kun: つばき (tsubaki, 唾)、つば (tsuba, 唾, Jōyō)、つ (tsu, 唾)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 唾
* つばき Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Derived as the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of now-obsolete verb 唾吐く (tsubaku, “to spit, to expectorate”), itself from 唾 (tsu, “saliva”) + 吐く (haku, “to expel from the mouth: to spit, to vomit, to exhale”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つばき [tsùbákíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠kʲi]

#### Noun

唾(つばき) • (tsubaki)
* spit, saliva

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 唾
* つば Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Appears to be a shortening of tsubaki above. Alternatively, may be a fusion of tsu below with particle は (wa, originally pa in Old Japanese, combining in some cases as ba).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つば [tsúꜜbà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠]

#### Noun

唾(つば) • (tsuba)
* spit, saliva

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 唾
* つ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Appears to be the oldest form. Possibly onomatopoeia.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つ [tsù] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨ]

#### Noun

唾(つ) • (tsu)
* (archaic, possibly obsolete) spit, saliva

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

唾 (eumhun 침 타 (chim ta))
* hanja form of 타 (“saliva”)

#### Compounds

* 타액 (唾液, taaek, “saliva”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

唾: Hán Nôm readings: thóa/thoá
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.