# فنار
## Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek φανάριον (phanárion).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fa.naːr/

### Noun

فَنَار • (fanār) m (plural فَنَارَات (fanārāt))
* beacon
    Synonyms: مَنَارَة (manāra), نِبْرَاس (nibrās)
* lighthouse
    Synonym: مَنَارَة (manāra)
* (nonstandard) lamp, lantern
    Synonyms: نِبْرَاس (nibrās), سِرَاج (sirāj), مِصْبَاح (miṣbāḥ), فَانُوس (fānūs), بَابُور (bābūr)

#### Descendants

* → Old Anatolian Turkish: فنار (fänār)
** Azerbaijani: fənər
** Gagauz: fener
** Ottoman Turkish: فنار (fenar, fener), فنر (fener)
*** Turkish: fener
*** → Albanian: fener
*** → Armenian: ֆանար (fanar)
*** → Aromanian: finere f
*** → Bulgarian: фене́р (fenér)
*** → Crimean Tatar: fener
*** → Gilaki: فنار (fanár)
*** → Macedonian: фенер (fener)
*** → Mazanderani: فنر (fenar)
*** → Persian: فنر (fanar), فنار (fanâr)
*** → Romanian: fanar, fener, fânar, fănar
*** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: фѐњер
    Latin script: fènjer

### References

* Behnstedt, Peter, Woidich, Manfred (2012) Wortatlas der arabischen Dialekte – Band II: Materielle Kultur (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 100/II) (in German), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 83–86
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “فنار”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 284
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 96

## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَنَار (fanār), from Byzantine Greek φανάριον (phanárion).

### Noun

فنار • (fänār)
* lamp, lantern
** 1354, Mesud bin Ahmed, Süheyl ü Nevbahar tercümesi:(please add the primary text of this quotation)täpämdän tütünüm nitä kim fänārsmoke rises from my head like a lamp

#### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: fənər
* Gagauz: fener
* Ottoman Turkish: فنار (fenar, fener), فنر (fener)
** Turkish: fener
** → Albanian: fener
** → Armenian: ֆանար (fanar)
** → Aromanian: finere f
** → Bulgarian: фене́р (fenér)
** → Crimean Tatar: fener
** → Gilaki: فنار (fanár)
** → Macedonian: фенер (fener)
** → Mazanderani: فنر (fenar)
** → Persian: فنر (fanar), فنار (fanâr)
** → Romanian: fanar, fener, fânar, fănar
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: фѐњер
    Latin script: fènjer

### Further reading

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fener”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* فنر (fener)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish فنار (fänār, “lamp, lanter”), from Arabic فَنَار (fanār), ultimately from Ancient Greek φανάριον (phanárion). Cognate with Azerbaijani fənər and Gagauz fener.

### Noun

فنار • (fenar or fener) (definite accusative فناری (fenarı, feneri), plural فنارلر (fenarlar, fenerler))
* lantern, a protective case for a flame or light used to illuminate its surroundings
    Synonym: فانوس (fanus)
* street lamp, streetlight, any large, outdoor light used to illuminate a public area
* lighthouse, a tower or similar structure exhibiting a light to warn or guide sailors
    Synonyms: دكز فناری (deñiz feneri), قله فناری (kule feneri)
* beacon, a signal fire to give any notice, commonly to warn people or mariners
* pinion, the smallest gear in a gear train, especially the one of a shaft in machinery

#### Derived terms

* آناطولی فناری (anadolu feneri, “Anadolufeneri, a neighbourhood in Istanbul”)
* اشكمبه فناری (işkembe feneri, “large lantern made of membrane”)
* ال فناری (el feneri, “portable lantern”)
* بز فنار (bez fener, “lantern of waxed cloth”)
* بوینوز فنار (boynuz fener, “lantern of horn”)
* خرسز فناری (hırsız feneri, “dark lantern”)
* دكز فناری (deñiz feneri, “lighthouse”)
* روم ایلی فناری (rum eli feneri, “Rumelifeneri, a neighbourhood in Istanbul”)
* سحرباز فناری (sihirbaz feneri, “magic lantern”)
* شیطان فناری (şeytan feneri, “bladder cherry”)
* فنار باشلو (fener başlı, “person suffering from ringworm”, literally “lantern-headed”)
* فنار باغچه‌سی (fener bağçesi, “Fenerbahçe, a neighbourhood in Istanbul”)
* فنار بالغی (fener balığı, “anglerfish”)
* فنار دوبه‌سی (fener dubası, “floating lighthouse”)
* فنار دیركی (fener direği, “lamp-post”)
* فنار رسمی (fener resmi, “lighthouse duty”)
* فنارجی (fenarcı, fenerci, “maker or seller of lanterns”)
* قله فناری (kule feneri, “lighthouse”)
* كلین فناری (gelin feneri, “bladder cherry”)
* كمی فناری (gemi feneri, “foretop lantern”)
* كویكی فناری (güveyi feneri, “bladder cherry”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: fener
* → Albanian: fener
* → Armenian: ֆանար (fanar)
* → Aromanian: finere f
* → Bulgarian: фене́р (fenér)
* → Crimean Tatar: fener
* → Gilaki: فنار (fanár)
* → Macedonian: фенер (fener)
* → Mazanderani: فنر (fenar)
* → Persian: فنر (fanar), فنار (fanâr)
* → Romanian: fanar, fener, fânar, fănar
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: фѐњер
    Latin script: fènjer

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “فنار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 429
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fener”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1559
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “فنر”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 346b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فنار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 911
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Laterna”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 919
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فنر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3551
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fener”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فنار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1397

## Persian
### Noun

فنار • (fanâr) (plural فنرها)
* Alternative form of فنر (fanar)