# mo
## Translingual
### Symbol

mo
* (international standards, obsolete) Former ISO 639-1 language code for Moldovan.

## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /məʊ/
* (US) enPR: mō, IPA: /moʊ/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -əʊ

### Etymology 1

From Middle English mo, from Old English mā, from Proto-Germanic *maiz, from a comparative form of Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-. Cognate with Swedish mer, Danish mer; and with Irish mó, Albanian më. See also more, most.

#### Adverb

mo (not comparable)
* (obsolete) To a greater degree.
** 1564 February, Erasmus, “The Saiynges of Aristippus”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., Apophthegmes, that is to Saie, Prompte, Quicke, Wittie and Sentẽcious Saiynges, […], London: […] Ihon Kingston, →OCLC, book I, folio 43, verso, paragraph 42:When he had ſaied no: what (ſaid Ariſtippus) is it ſhame to ſaile in a Shippe, that hath afoꝛetymes caried a great nomber mo: […]
* (now dialectal) Further, longer.

#### Adjective

mo (not comparable)
* (archaic, dialectal) Greater in amount, quantity, or number (of discrete objects, as opposed to more, which was applied to substances)
** c. 1380, William Langland, Piers Plowman:With that ran there a route of ratones at ones, And smale mys myd hem, mo then a thousande
** 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew xxij:Nether durste eny man from that daye forth axe hym eny moo questions.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

mo (plural mos)
* Abbreviation of month.
    Alternative forms: m, mo.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

mo (uncountable)
* (colloquial) Clipping of moment.
    Synonyms: bit, sec, tick; see also Thesaurus:moment
    Hang on a mo!

### Etymology 4

Clipping of homo, itself a short form of homosexual.

#### Noun

mo (plural mos)
* (slang) A homosexual.

### Etymology 5

Only coincidentally similar to sense 1 above. Compare fo' (“for; four”), ho (“whore”).

#### Adjective

mo (not comparable)
* (dialectal, African-American Vernacular) Alternative form of mo' (“more”)
    Yo, you got mo chips?
** 1997, “Mo Money Mo Problems”, in Life After Death, performed by The Notorious B.I.G. ft. Ma$e and Diddy:I guess this mean mo money, mo problems for you?

### Etymology 6

Short for moustache.

#### Noun

mo (plural mos)
* (Australia, New Zealand, colloquial) A moustache.

### Etymology 7

Clipping.

#### Noun

mo (plural mos)
* (prison slang) A molester.
** 2018, James Kühnel, Carceration State:The Idaho prison is full of cho-mos (child molesters), mos (molesters), and all types of sexual predators that have engaged in some type of abnormal sexual acts.

##### Related terms

* chomo

### Etymology 8

Clipping.

#### Noun

mo (plural mos)
* (slang) A moron.
** 1997, “Detox”, in City, performed by Strapping Young Lad:Hey, you mo! Hey, you mo! Hey, you mo! Hey, you mo!

### Etymology 9

From mil, by analogy with do and gro.

#### Numeral

mo
* The cardinal number occurring after el gro el do el (↋↋↋) and before mo one (1001) in a duodecimal system. Written 1000, decimal value 1728.

#### See also

* do, gro

### See also

* ang mo
* big mo
* eeny-meeny-miney-mo
* fast-mo
* half a mo
* ke-mo sah-bee
* mo-cap
* mo-di
* mo-mo
* mo-ped
* mo qua
* mo shu
* po-mo
* slo-mo

### Anagrams

* O&M, O.M., OM, om

## Abinomn
### Noun

mo
* (anatomy) stomach

## Adangme
### Pronoun

mo
* you
    I suɔ mo.I love you.

## Akan
### Pronoun

mo
* ye, you (plural)

## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* mos

### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *mē, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁ (a prohibitive particle).

### Particle

mo (masculine adjectival i mo, feminine singular e mo, masculine plural të mo, feminine plural të moa)
* don't

## Alemannic German
### Alternative forms

* ma, mà, Maa, Mann, Mànn

### Etymology

From Middle High German man, from Old High German man, from Proto-Germanic *mann-. Cognate with German Mann, Dutch man, English man, Icelandic maður, Swedish man, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 (manna).

### Noun

mo m (Carcoforo)
* man
* husband

### References

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

## Amanab
### Noun

mo
* speech, language, word

## Angguruk Yali
### Noun

mo
* mountain

### References

* Christiaan Fahner, The morphology of Yali and Dani (1979), page 157

## Antillean Creole
### Etymology

From French mot (“word”).

### Noun

mo
* word

## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/ [mo]

### Adjective

mo
* second person singular possessive adjective; your

## Dongxiang
### Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *mör (“trail, path”), compare Mongolian мөр (mör, “road, path”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/

### Noun

mo
* road, path
    nie fade bi zhin mo jiere yawuzhi saozhi wo.one time I was walking on the road.

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [mo]
* Hyphenation: mo

### Noun

mo (accusative singular mo-on, plural mo-oj, accusative plural mo-ojn)
* The name of the Latin-script letter M/m.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmoˣ/, [ˈmo̞(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -o
* Hyphenation: mo

### Interjection

mo
* (slang, colloquial) Clipping of moi (“hi, hello”).

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mʊ]

### Contraction

mo (plural mos, feminine singular ma, feminine plural mas)
* Contraction of me o.
    Damo! ― Give it to me!

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French mot (“word”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/

### Noun

mo
* word

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* m’ (used before vowel sounds)

### Etymology

From Old Irish mo, mu; see there for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mˠə/
* (Munster, also) IPA: /mˠɔ/
* (Ulster, also) IPA: /mˠa/

### Determiner

mo (triggers lenition)
* my
    mo bhád ― my boat
    mo mháthair ― my mother
* me (direct object pronoun before verbal noun)
    Tá sé ag mo bhualadh ― He is hitting me

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition   $^E$ Triggers eclipsis   $^H$ Triggers h-prothesis
$^1$ Also used as the vocative
The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun. For instance, "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 88
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 9

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “mo”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “mo”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “mo”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* mo'
* mó (rare)
* mò (misspelling)

### Etymology

From Latin mox (“soon”) or Latin modo (“recently, just now”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmo/$^*$
* Rhymes: -o
* Hyphenation: mó

### Adverb

mo (central-southern Italy or archaic)
* present. now
    Synonyms: ora, adesso
    E mo che voi?What do you want now?
    Mo so' cazzi tua.It's your business now.
* near future. soon, in a moment
    Synonyms: subito, tra poco
    E n'attimo! Mo lo faccio!Wait a second! I'll do it in a moment!
    Aspetta! Mo arivo!Wait! I'm coming!
    Mo te faccio vedé.I'll show you.
* near past. recently, just now
    Synonyms: appena, poco fa
    Ce so' stato mo.I've been there just now.
* (originally ironic) See da mo.
* (repeated) See mo mo.

### Further reading

* mo in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* mo in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Japanese
### Romanization

mo
* The hiragana syllable も (mo) or the katakana syllable モ (mo) in Hepburn romanization.

## Kalasha
### Etymology

From Sanskrit मा (mā́), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁ (prohibitive particle). Cognate with Hindi मत (mat), Persian مـ (ma-), Albanian mo.

### Particle

mo
* do not, don't (prohibitive particle)

## Kamkata-viri
### Etymology

From Common Nuristani *māi, probably an early borrowing of Middle Chinese 米 (mei$^X$). Compare Ashkun mā, Tregami myä, Waigali mä.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmo/

### Noun

mo (Kamviri)
* husked rice

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “m′o”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Kapampangan
### Etymology

From mu +‎ ya.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈman/ [ˈmän]

### Adverb

mo
* although; even if; even though
    Synonyms: agyang, man
* also; no matter what; and
    Synonyms: din, pati, agyaman
    Mipakananumo ― No matter what happens.
    Yakumo ― Me as well.
    Sinabianan nakung nanumo. ― S/he also told me something.

#### Derived terms

* makanitamo
* namo
* nanumo
* ninumo
* sakali pamo

## Lashi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mɔ˧]
* Hyphenation: mo

### Postposition

mo
* from, away from
** 2005, “Apoem ayang꞉ 1:4 [Genesis 1:4]”, in Jhoem꞉ mougsougˮ [The Book of the Bible], page 2:Houg꞉ lho꞉ nyang꞉ gi booˮ bang ri moug꞉ coid mo khoʼ pyamThen he split the light from the darkness

### References

* Mark Wannemacher (2011) A phonological overview of the Lacid language‎, Chiang Mai: Payap University., page 30
* Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), page 24

## Latin
### Noun

mo
* (Medieval Latin, historical) Abbreviation of monētārius (moneyer, minter) in its various forms.

## Lolopo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mo³³]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Loloish *C-ma³ (Bradley), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Burmese -မ (-ma.).

#### Suffix

mo
* (Yao'an) female

##### See also

* por
* bol

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Loloish *ma¹ (Bradley). Cognate with Nuosu ꂷ (ma), Naxi meel.

#### Noun

mo
* (Yao'an) bamboo

## Louisiana Creole
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Probably inherited from French "moi/mon".”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/
* Rhymes: -o
* Homophone: mô

### Pronoun

mo (first person singular, plural nouzòt, nou, no, objective mò, possessive determiner mô, possessive pronoun mokin, mochin)
* I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)
    Mo té manké twa.I missed you.

#### Derived terms

* (prevocalic) m'

## Mandarin
### Romanization

mo (mo$^5$ / mo$^0$, Zhuyin ˙ㄇㄛ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 麼 / 么, 麽 / 么, 么, 庅
mo
* Nonstandard spelling of mō.
* Nonstandard spelling of mó.
* Nonstandard spelling of mǒ.
* Nonstandard spelling of mò.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Matlatzinca
### Noun

mo
* foot

### References

* Roberto Escalante Hernández, Marciano Hernández, Matlatzinca de San Francisco Oxtotilpan, Estado de México (1999)

## Mauritian Creole
### Etymology 1

From French moi (“me”).

#### Pronoun

mo (objective mwa)
* I (first-person singular nominative personal pronoun)

##### See also
### Etymology 2

From French mot (“word”).

#### Noun

mo
* word
Alternative spelling: mot.

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* ma, moe

### Etymology

From Old English mā, from Proto-Germanic *maiz, from a comparative form of Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔː/
* Rhymes: -ɔː

### Adjective

mo
* more numerous; larger in amount
* greater in quantity or intensity
* additional, further, other (persons or things in addition to those mentioned)
* higher in social status

### Adverb

mo
* to a greater degree; more
* longer, again, any more
* besides, also, further, else

#### Derived terms

* most
* no mo

#### Descendants

* English: mo

#### References

* “mō, adj..”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* “mō, adv..”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Norman
### Etymology

From Latin mollis.

### Adjective

mo m
* (Jersey) soft

#### Derived terms

* molle hèrbe (“creeping soft grass; Yorkshire fog”)
* mollement (“softly”)

## Northern Sami
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Kautokeino) IPA: /ˈmoː/

### Adverb

mō
* how

#### Further reading

* Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

Believed to be from the noun moe.

#### Adjective

mo (neuter singular mo or mott, definite singular and plural mo or moe)
* close, sultry

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse moðr.

#### Alternative forms

* mod

#### Adjective

mo (neuter singular mo, definite singular and plural mo or moe)
* tired, weary

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse mór (“moor”).

#### Noun

mo m (definite singular moen, indefinite plural moer, definite plural moene)
* moor, heath
* (military) drill ground

### Etymology 4

From Old Norse moð.

#### Noun

mo n (definite singular moet, indefinite plural mo, definite plural moa or moene)
* dust (e.g. sawdust)
* chaff (e.g. from hay)

### References

* “mo” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse mór (“moor”), from Proto-Germanic *mōraz.

#### Noun

mo m (definite singular moen, indefinite plural moar, definite plural moane)
* moor, heath
* (military) drill ground

### Etymology 2

Perhaps from the noun moe m.

#### Adjective

mo (neuter singular mo or mott, definite singular and plural mo or moe)
* close, sultry

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse móðr, from Proto-Germanic *mōdaz.

#### Alternative forms

* mod (alternative spelling)

#### Adjective

mo (neuter singular mo, definite singular and plural mo or moe)
* tired, weary

### Etymology 4

From Old Norse moð.

#### Alternative forms

* mò (alternative spelling)

#### Noun

mo n (definite singular moet, indefinite plural mo, definite plural moa)
* dust (e.g. sawdust)
* chaff (e.g. from hay)

### Etymology 5

From German, originally moder.

#### Adverb

mo
* Used as an intensifier about loneliness
    Synonym: mutters

### Etymology 6

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

mo
* imperative of moa

### References

* “mo” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* mò, Mo, om, óm

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* mu
* m’ (used before vowel sounds)

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *mene, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁mene, genitive of *éǵh₂. The Goidelic forms came from *mene being remodelled into *mowe by analogy with *towe (“your”) (whence do (“your”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mo]

### Determiner

mo (triggers lenition)
* my
** c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 10$^d$23
    Mad ar lóg pridcha-sa, .i. ar m’étiuth et mo thoschith, ním·bia fochricc dar hési mo precepte.If I preach for pay, that is, for my clothing and my sustenance, I shall not have a reward for my teaching.
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 73$^d$1
    Fu·lilsain-se .i. matis mu námait duda·gnetis ⁊ maniptis mu chara⟨i⟩t duda·gnetis.I would have endured, i.e. if it had been my enemies who did them and if it had not been my friends who did them.

#### Descendants

* Irish: mo
* Scottish Gaelic: mo
* Manx: my

### References

* ↑ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 333

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 mo”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Occitan
### Pronoun

mo m (feminine ma, masculine plural mos)
* my (possessive; belong to 'me')

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu/
* Hyphenation: mo

### Contraction

mo (feminine ma)
* Contraction of me o (“him/it to me”).

## Réunion Creole French
### Etymology

From French mot (“word”).

### Noun

mo
* word

## Samoan
### Preposition

mo
* for

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish mo. Cognates include Irish mo.

### Determiner

mo (triggers lenition)
* my

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition; $^H$ Triggers H-prothesis; $^N$ Triggers eclipsis $^1$ Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

### References

* “mo” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-mo
* present stem of -wamo (“to be (inside there)”)
    wamo ― they are inside

### See also

* -mo: verbal affix
* -wapo (“to be (at a definite place)”)
* -wako (“to be (at an indefinite place)”)

## Swedish
### Noun

mo c
* sandy soil
* a sandy field, a moor, a heath

#### Derived terms

* mosnäppa
* pinnmo
* morot

### Anagrams

* om

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-mu (2sg. possessor and agent of passive verb).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /mo/ [mo]
* Rhymes: -o
* Syllabification: mo

### Adjective

mo (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓ)
* second person singular possessive adjective; your

#### See also

| Person | Number | Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) |
| First | singular | ako | ko | akin |
| First | dual$^1$ | kita, kata | nita, nata, ta | kanita, kanata, ata |
| First | plural inclusive | tayo | natin | atin |
| First | plural exclusive | kami | namin | amin |
| First & Second | singular | kita$^2$ | kita$^2$ | |
| Second | singular | ikaw, ka | mo | iyo |
| Second | plural | kayo, kamo | ninyo, niyo | inyo |
| Third | singular | siya | niya | kaniya |
| Third | plural | sila | nila | kanila |
| $^1$ First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog. $^2$ Replaces ko ikaw. |||||

## Tuvaluan
### Preposition

mo
* for

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [mɔ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [mɔ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [mɔ˧˧]

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

mo • (𥷺, 謨)
* (botany) spathe of the areca tree
    quạt mo ― a fan made from areca spathes

##### Derived terms

* mặt mo

### Etymology 2

From Tai, compare Thai หมอ (mɔ̌ɔ).

#### Noun

mo
* Short for thầy mo.

## Welsh
### Etymology

Reduced form of ddim o (“not of, nothing of”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔ/

### Particle

mo (causes soft mutation)
* (colloquial) negative particle used when immediately preceding the definite article or a definite noun phrase
    Fwytais i mo'r moron. ― I didn't eat the carrots.
    Wela i mo'r ffilm 'na. ― I will not see that film.
    Chlywoch chi mo Owain. ― You didn't hear Owain.
    Leician nhw mo wraig y dyn. ― They wouldn't like the man's wife.

#### Usage notes

Because this form is used only when directly in front of a definite object, it only appears in the (non-periphrastic) preterite, future and conditional tenses.
In front of a pronoun, mo has personal forms the same as the preposition o:

#### See also

* dim, ddim (negative particle used in all other situations)

### Mutation

Does not mutate.

## West Makian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/

#### Verb

mo
* (transitive) to swallow
* (transitive) to slurp up, to suck up

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

For the semantic development of the interjection, compare Spanish ya (“already; come on!”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/

#### Adverb

mo
* Alternative form of omo (“already”)

#### Interjection

mo
* come!
* come on!

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo/

#### Verb

mo
* (stative) alternative form of mu (“ripe”)

##### Conjugation
### References

* James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎, Pacific linguistics
* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yao
### Etymology

Cognates include Swahili moja.

### Numeral

mo
* one

#### Usage notes

This number follows a noun and takes the noun class characteristic prefix, e.g. libweta limo (one box). See the Yao language article on Wikipedia for details on noun class prefixes.

## Yoruba
### Alternative forms

* mi (used in a negative sentence, or generally in some dialects)
* n (used in negative or future sentences, or with kí)

### Pronoun

mo
* I (first-person singular personal pronoun)