# 佗

| 佗 | U+4F57, &#20311; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F57 |
| ← 佖 [U+4F56] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 佘 → [U+4F58] |

## Translingual
### Han character

佗 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人十心 (OJP), four-corner 2321$_1$, composition ⿰亻它)

#### Derived characters

* 𬵕, 𪘕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 513
* Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4F57

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 佗 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Small seal scripts05735Transcribed ancient scriptsL32376L32377L32378L32379L32380L32381L08474L08475L08476 |||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||
| | Old Chinese |
| 佗 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl |
| 拕 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 它 | *l̥ʰaːl |
| 蛇 | *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal |
| 袉 | *l̥ʰaːlʔ, *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 鴕 | *l'aːl |
| 駝 | *l'aːl |
| 紽 | *l'aːl |
| 鮀 | *l'aːl |
| 陀 | *l'aːl |
| 沱 | *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 跎 | *l'aːl |
| 詑 | *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ, *hlel, *lal, *l̥ʰoːl |
| 酡 | *l'aːl |
| 迱 | *l'aːl |
| 舵 | *l'aːlʔ |
| 柁 | *l'aːlʔ |
| 鉈 | *ɦljaːl, *hljal |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl): semantic 人 (“human”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuó (tuo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): to$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tô
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$du
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^4$
*** Yale: tòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
*** Tâi-lô: tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /to²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /to²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$du
*** MiniDict: du$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$du
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /du²³/
* Middle Chinese: da
Rime :
| Character | 佗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒河切 |
| Baxter | da |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /da/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佗 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 12224 |
| Phonetic component | 它 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 駝 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːl/ |

#### Definitions

佗
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 馱／驮 (tuó, “to carry on one's back”).

#### Compounds

* 佗佗
* 橐佗
* 磨佗子
* 華佗再世 / 华佗再世

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuō, tā
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛ, ㄊㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): to$^1$ / taa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuō
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^1$
*** Yale: twō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuo
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tā
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ta
*** Wade–Giles: tʻa$^1$
*** Yale: tā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ta
*** Palladius: та (ta)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^1$ / taa$^1$
*** Yale: tō / tā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^1$ / taa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^1$ / ta$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː⁵⁵/, /tʰaː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tha
Rime :
| Character | 佗 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 託何切 |
| Baxter | tha |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰa/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuō |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤaj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 佗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tuō |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tha › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁaj/ |
| English | other |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 12208 |
| Phonetic component | 它 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 佗 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰaːl/ |

#### Definitions

佗
* Obsolete form of 他.
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Tā yì wéi mìng. [Pinyin]
    I will grant you any other place.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 它
* a surname

### Etymology 3

Probably from 底 (Yang, 2002):
* tai → ta (→ taʔ);
* tue → to (→ toʔ).
For Zhangzhou Hokkien, from an ellipsis of 佗落 (tah-lo).

#### Pronunciation 1

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tah / tá
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
*** Tâi-lô: tó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doir
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /to⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tah
*** Tâi-lô: tah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daq
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /taʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tá
*** Tâi-lô: tá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dar
*** IPA (Taipei): /ta⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ta⁴¹/

##### Definitions

佗
* (Hokkien) which
** 2016, 謝誌豪 (lyrics and music), “囍”, in 雙生花, performed by 黃妃 [Huang Fei]:
       lâi mn̄g ka-tī, iáu khiàm tó chi̍t hāng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       I ask myself, which am I still missing?
    佗一個／佗一个 [Hokkien] ― tó-chi̍t-ê [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which one
    佗一款 [Hokkien] ― tó chi̍t khoán [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which kind
    佗一塊／佗一块 [Hokkien] ― tó chi̍t tè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which piece
    佗一項／佗一项 [Hokkien] ― tó chi̍t hāng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which item or matter
    佗一間／佗一间 [Hokkien] ― tó chi̍t keng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which room or place
    佗一搭 [Hokkien] ― tó chi̍t tah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― which place
       Tó nn̄g niá saⁿ sī lí--ê? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Which two articles of clothing are yours?

###### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 何, 孰 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 選 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 邊 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 邊 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 哪 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 哪 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 底 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 底 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 佗 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 底 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 底 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 底 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 底 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 阿裡, 賴裡 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 若, 狃 |

#### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tah / toh / tio̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
*** Tâi-lô: tó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doir
*** IPA (Xiamen): /to⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tah
*** Tâi-lô: tah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daq
*** IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /taʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toh
*** Tâi-lô: toh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doiq
*** IPA (Taipei): /toʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dioih
*** IPA (Kinmen): /tioʔ⁵⁴/

##### Definitions

佗
* (Hokkien) where
** 2011, 巫宇軒 (lyrics and music), “你置佗 [Where Are You?]”, in 思念會驚 [I Miss U So Much], performed by 蕭煌奇 [Ricky Hsiao]:
       chham-tio̍h ka-pi kòe âu sio, m̄ chai lí tàu-té tī toh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2016, “雙生花”, in 十方 (lyrics), 方文良 [Neil Fang] (music), 雙生花, performed by 黃妃 [Huang Fei]:
       bāng tùi toh poe, bī-lâi tó-ūi chhōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

###### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 何, 何處, 何許, 何所, 何方, 安 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 哪裡, 何處, 什麼地方 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 哪裡, 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 哪兒, 哪疙兒, 哪疙瘩, 哪海兒, 哪塊兒, 哪場兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 哪兒, 哪塊兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 哪裡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 哪裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 哪, 哪裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 哪兒, 哪裡, 哪場兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 哪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 哪達, 哪那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 哪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 哪搭兒, 哪搭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 哪裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 哪來, 哪下, 哪點兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 哪塌, 哪塌兒, 哪呢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 哪塌, 哪呢 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 哪點, 哪裡 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 哪兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 哪達, 哪達裡, 哪達兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 哪達 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 哪兒, 啥子地方, 哪跟前, 哪點兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 哪裡, 啥裡, 哪歇, 哪塊, 哪塊歇, 啥塊, 啥塊些 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 哪點 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 哪點兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 哪塏 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 哪裡, 哪, 哪塏, 哪位子, 哪塊, 哪甿 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Shanglin (Sanli) | 哪點 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 哪裡, 哪塊子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 哪塊, 哪裡, 哪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 哪塊, 哪 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 哪對過, 哪腳下 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 哪格子, 哪蒿子, 哪塊子, 哪塊 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 哪下兒 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 哪點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 邊度, 邊處, 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 邊度, 邊處, 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 選頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 選處 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 哪頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 哪埞 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 哪度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 哪處 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 星處 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 邊呢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 邊處 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 邊 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 邊子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 邊子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 哪埞, 哪 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 唔址 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 邊處, 鼠處 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 哪埞 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 邊埞 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 邊, 邊處, 邊處塗 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 庶 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 邊笪埞, 邊笪, 邊啲 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 邊啲, 邊笪, 邊笪埞方 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Ipoh (Guangfu) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 邊度, 邊, 邊處 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 邊度 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 哪裡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 哪咑 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 哪仔, 哪滴 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 哪呢, 哪笪 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 哪等 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 哪子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 哪望 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Changting | 哪塊, 哪塊哩, 哪裡, 哪裡哩, 哪角 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 哪子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 哪裡, 哪角 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 何個, 台角 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 哪, 哪營子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 哪當 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 哪搭仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 哪位, 哪仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 哪位, 哪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 哪位, 哪仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 哪裡, 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 阿位 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 阿位 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 哪仔, 哪位 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 哪塊, 哪個許塊 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 哪個落地 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 哪裡 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 哪裡 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 哪個背兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 何落 |
| Huizhou | Shitai (Xianyu) | 哪裡 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 哪裡, 哪兒家 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 哪兒, 哪底下 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Baotou | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 哪兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 呢搭底 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 哪底, 哪 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 哪角底, 哪角 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 哪地 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 呢底 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 底所, 底塊 dated or rural |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 佗落, 途位 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 佗落 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 底位穴, 底位 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 佗位, 佗一帶, 佗帶 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 底帶 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 佗落, 佗一位, 底落 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 佗搭, 佗, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 佗落, 寡 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 佗落仔, 佗落, 佗位仔, 佗位, 佗, 佗一位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 佗落仔, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 佗仔, 佗位仔 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 佗落, 佗一位, 佗位, 底位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 底仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 底位, 底落 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 底位 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 佗位, 佗位仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 佗, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 佗落, 佗落位 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 佗落, 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 底窟 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 哪裡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 底囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 底帶 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 底一塊 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 底跡 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 帶 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乜帶, 底帶, 底幅帶, 乜地方, 底內 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 帶寺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 帶, 倒帶 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 佗落 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 底跡, 底落, 佗落 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 底度 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 底 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 哪啲, 哪甿 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 阿裡, 阿裡搭, 阿裡頭, 啥地方, 啥個地方, 啥場化 dated, 啥個場化 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 何旦, 何裡旦 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Qingpu) | 哈戶蕩 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 何裡浪, 何浪 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 哪墩, 何墩 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 啥場化, 哪搭 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 羅裡搭葛, 羅搭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 阿裡, 阿𡍲, 焉𡍲, 啥地方, 啥塢探, 啥塢宕 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 狃宕, 狃柢, 狃, 若宕, 若柢 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 哪裡, 哪汏 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 哪裡, 何至, 哪當 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 哪當 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 哪裡 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 哪裡 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 哪裡 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 哪裡 |

#### Compounds

* 佗位 (tó-ūi)
* 佗落

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tōe / toeh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe
*** Tâi-lô: tuē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doe
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tue³³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toeh
*** Tâi-lô: tueh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doeq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan): /tueʔ³²/
*** IPA (Yilan): /tueʔ²/

#### Definitions

佗
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) Contraction of 佗位 (tó-ūi, “where”).
** 2022, 黃晟翔 (lyrics and music), “必巡”, in 總會有一工 [Someday], performed by 曾瑋中 [Kuljelje Salevelev]:
       móa-sì-kè chhōe lí ê lâng tī toeh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuò, tuó, duò
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˋ, ㄊㄨㄛˊ, ㄉㄨㄛˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuò
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^4$
*** Yale: twò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuoh
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: duò
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: duò
*** Wade–Giles: to$^4$
*** Yale: dwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
*** Palladius: до (do)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

佗
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to add; to impute
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shě bǐ yǒu zuì, yú zhī tuò yǐ. [Pinyin]
    He lets alone the guilty, And imputes guilt to me.

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): duò (duo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄛˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: duò
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: duò
*** Wade–Giles: to$^4$
*** Yale: dwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
*** Palladius: до (do)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

佗
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 馱 / 驮 (“load carried on the back of an animal”)

### Etymology 7
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yí (yi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yí
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yí
*** Wade–Giles: i$^2$
*** Yale: yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i³⁵/

#### Definitions

佗
* Only used in 委佗, alternative form of 委蛇 (wēiyí)

### Etymology 8

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佗 – see 駝 (“hunchbacked”). (This character is an obsolete form of 駝).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “佗”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00107

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): た (ta)
* Kun: ほか (hoka, 佗)、わびる (wabiru, 佗びる)

## Korean
### Hanja

佗 (eum 타 (ta))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

佗: Hán Nôm readings: đà
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation