# 枝

| 枝 | U+679D, &#26525; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-679D |
| ← 果 [U+679C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 枞 → [U+679E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

枝 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木十水 (DJE), four-corner 4494$_7$, composition ⿰木支)

#### Derived characters

* 𩓡, 䓩, 𠔢, 𮵴, 𬯾, 𡲅, 𡍁, 㟚, 𧌔, 𪂅

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 516, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14557
* Dae Jaweon: page 904, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1165, character 7
* Unihan data for U+679D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 枝 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 支 | *kje |
| 枝 | *kje |
| 肢 | *kje |
| 汥 | *kje, *ɡe, *ɡres |
| 衼 | *kje |
| 馶 | *kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe |
| 鳷 | *kje |
| 忮 | *kjes |
| 伎 | *kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ |
| 豉 | *ɡjes |
| 翅 | *qʰjes |
| 翄 | *qʰjes, *ɡe |
| 妓 | *kre, *ɡreʔ |
| 庋 | *kreʔ, *kʷreʔ |
| 跂 | *kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe |
| 蚑 | *kʰes, *ɡe |
| 吱 | *kʰes |
| 岐 | *ɡe |
| 歧 | *ɡe |
| 鬾 | *ɡre, *ɡres |
| 技 | *ɡreʔ |
| 芰 | *ɡres |
| 攱 | *kʷreʔ, *kʷres |
| 庪 | *kʷreʔ |
| 頍 | *kʰʷeʔ |
| 屐 | *ɡreɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kje) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje, “branch”).

### Etymology

Originally the same word as 支 (OC *kje, “branch (of tree), limb; to support”); see there for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhī (zhi$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kî / chṳ̂
    (Hailu, HRS): gi$^ˋ$ / zhi$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zi$^1$ / gi$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zi$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciĕ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^1$ / zi$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ki / chi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhī
*** Zhuyin: ㄓ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhih
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^1$
*** Yale: jr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jy
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zi$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî / chṳ̂
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi$^ˊ$ / zii$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gi$^1$ / zi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴/, /t͡sɨ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi$^ˋ$ / zhi$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki⁵³/, /t͡ʃi⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zi$^1$ / gi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/, /ki⁴⁴/
* Meixian:
** zi1 - literary;
** gi1 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: tsye
Rime :
| Character | 枝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 章移切 |
| Baxter | tsye |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕie/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕǐe/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ke/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kje/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 枝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsye › |
| Old Chinese | /*ke/ |
| English | branch (of tree) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 枝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17201 |
| Phonetic component | 支 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 支 |
| Old Chinese | /*kje/ |

#### Definitions

枝
* branch; twig
       Liǔ zhī dīchuí zài shuǐmiàn shang. [Pinyin]
       The branches of the willows drooped over the water.
       Tā bǎ bù jiēguǒ de zhī dōu xiūjiǎn diào. [Pinyin]
       He pruned every branch that did not bear fruit.
* Classifier for long cylindrical objects (stick, pen, rod, flower with stem, etc).
    一枝鉛筆／一枝铅笔 ― yī zhī qiānbǐ ― a pencil
    一枝槍／一枝枪 ― yī zhī qiāng ― a gun
* a surname

##### Synonyms

* (branch):
* 丫杈 (yāchà)
* 丫枝 (yāzhī)
* 枝子 (zhīzi)
* 枝杈 (zhīchā)
* 枝枝 (Sichuanese)
* 枝稈 / 枝秆
* 樹丫 / 树丫 (shùyā)
* 樹圪杈 / 树圪杈
* 樹杈 / 树杈 (shùchà)
* 樹杈子 / 树杈子 (shùchàzi)
* 樹枝 / 树枝 (shùzhī)
* 樹枝子 / 树枝子
* 樹梗子 / 树梗子
* 樹絡 / 树络
* (classifier for pens):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 支, 桿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 支 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 支 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 支 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 支 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 支 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 支 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 支 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 支 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 支 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 支 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 桿 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 桿 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 支 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 支 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 支 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 把 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 支 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 支 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 支 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 支, 叢 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 支, 叢 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 支, 叢 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 支 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 支 |
| Note | 支 is also written as 枝 | 支 is also written as 枝 |

#### Compounds

* 一枝春
* 一枝棲 / 一枝栖
* 一枝獨秀 / 一枝独秀 (yīzhīdúxiù)
* 一枝花
* 不蔓不枝 (bùmànbùzhī)
* 丫枝 (yāzhī)
* 佔高枝兒 / 占高枝儿
* 修枝
* 側枝 / 侧枝 (cèzhī)
* 傲霜枝
* 別生枝節 / 别生枝节
* 剪枝 (jiǎnzhī)
* 南枝北枝
* 反掌折枝
* 同氣連枝 / 同气连枝
* 壓枝 / 压枝 (yāzhī)
* 孫枝 / 孙枝
* 宗枝
* 巴高枝兒 / 巴高枝儿
* 強幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 強本弱枝 / 强本弱枝
* 彊幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 打金枝
* 折枝
* 拖枝馬遠 / 拖枝马远
* 接枝 (jiēzhī)
* 插枝 (chāzhī)
* 攀枝花 (pānzhīhuā)
* 攀枝運動 / 攀枝运动
* 攀高枝
* 故生枝節 / 故生枝节
* 整枝 (zhěngzhī)
* 旁生枝節 / 旁生枝节
* 有枝有葉 / 有枝有叶
* 有枝添葉 / 有枝添叶
* 有枝節 / 有枝节
* 本枝
* 本枝百世
* 枝兒 / 枝儿
* 枝城 (Zhīchéng)
* 枝官
* 枝幹 / 枝干 (zhīgàn)
* 枝接
* 枝杈 (zhīchā)
* 枝枝節節 / 枝枝节节 (zhīzhījiéjié)
* 枝柯
* 枝梧 (zhīwú)
* 枝條 / 枝条 (zhītiáo)
* 枝梢
* 枝椏 / 枝桠 (zhīyā)
* 枝棲 / 枝栖
* 枝江 (Zhījiāng, “Zhijiang”)
* 枝節 / 枝节 (zhījié)
* 枝繁葉茂 / 枝繁叶茂 (zhīfányèmào)
* 枝葉 / 枝叶 (zhīyè)
* 枝葉扶疏 / 枝叶扶疏
* 枝蔓 (zhīmàn)
* 枝解 (zhījiě)
* 枝詞蔓語 / 枝词蔓语
* 枝辭 / 枝辞
* 枝針 / 枝针
* 枝頭 / 枝头 (zhītóu)
* 柘枝 (zhèzhī)
* 柳枝
* 枯枝再春
* 柔枝嫩葉 / 柔枝嫩叶
* 根朽枝枯
* 桂枝 (guìzhī)
* 桂林一枝
* 椏枝 / 桠枝 (yāzhī)
* 楊枝魚 / 杨枝鱼
* 槍枝 / 枪枝
* 樹枝 / 树枝 (shùzhī)
* 橫枝兒 / 横枝儿
* 橄欖枝 / 橄榄枝 (gǎnlǎnzhī)
* 橫生枝節 / 横生枝节 (héngshēng zhījié)
* 櫱枝 / 蘖枝
* 正枝正葉 / 正枝正叶
* 比目連枝 / 比目连枝
* 比翼連枝 / 比翼连枝
* 添枝加葉 / 添枝加叶
* 添枝接葉 / 添枝接叶
* 爬高枝兒 / 爬高枝儿
* 玉枝卜壽 / 玉枝卜寿
* 玉葉金枝 / 玉叶金枝
* 璚枝
* 瓊枝玉樹 / 琼枝玉树
* 瓊枝玉葉 / 琼枝玉叶
* 番荔枝 (fānlìzhī)
* 瘋枝 / 疯枝
* 登枝捐本
* 登高枝
* 百枝蓮 / 百枝莲
* 竹枝詞 / 竹枝词
* 節上生枝 / 节上生枝
* 節外生枝 / 节外生枝 (jiéwàishēngzhī)
* 粗枝大葉 / 粗枝大叶 (cūzhīdàyè)
* 細枝末節 / 细枝末节 (xìzhīmòjié)
* 繁華損枝 / 繁华损枝
* 翦枝竭流
* 胡枝子
* 花枝 (huāzhī)
* 花枝兒 / 花枝儿
* 花枝招展 (huāzhīzhāozhǎn)
* 花枝招颭 / 花枝招飐
* 荔枝 (lìzhī)
* 荔枝奴 (lìzhīnú)
* 莓枝
* 葉枝 / 叶枝
* 虯枝 / 虬枝 (qiúzhī)
* 詞無枝葉 / 词无枝叶
* 跳枝兒 / 跳枝儿
* 軟枝黃蟬 / 软枝黄蝉
* 連枝 / 连枝
* 連枝分葉 / 连枝分叶
* 連枝帶葉 / 连枝带叶
* 連枝樹 / 连枝树
* 連枝比翼 / 连枝比翼
* 連理枝 / 连理枝
* 連理枝分 / 连理枝分
* 配子枝
* 金枝玉葉 / 金枝玉叶 (jīnzhīyùyè)
* 高枝兒 / 高枝儿
* 鷦鷯一枝 / 鹪鹩一枝 (jiāoliáo yīzhī)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qí (qi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qí
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cí
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^2$
*** Yale: chí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
*** Palladius: ци (ci)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^4$
*** Yale: kèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯²¹/

#### Definitions

枝
* Alternative form of 跂 (“extra toe”)
* Alternative form of 歧 (qí, “divergent”)

### Further reading

* “枝”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* branch, limbs

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)、ぎ (gi)
* Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)、き (ki)
* Kun: えだ (eda, 枝, Jōyō)
* Nanori: え (e)、えだ (eda)、き (ki)、しげ (shige)、しな (shina)

#### References

* Shift_JIS: 8E7D
* JIS: 3B5E

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 枝
* えだ Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
Inherited from earlier yeda, from Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yonta. Cognate with Kunigami 枝 (yudā), Miyako 枝 (yuda), Okinawan 枝 (yida), 枝 (yuda), Yaeyama 枝 (yuda), Yonaguni 枝 (duda). The vowel change is irregular.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) えだ [èdá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [e̞da̠]

### Noun

枝(えだ) • (eda)
* branch, limbs
* (graph theory) edge

#### Coordinate terms

* 葉(は) (ha, “leaf”)

## Korean
### Hanja

枝 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ゆだー (yudā, 枝)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /judaː/

### Noun

枝(ゆだー) (yudā)
* branch (of a tree or plant); bough

### References

* “ゆだー【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /juda/

### Noun

枝(ゆだ) (yuda)
* branch (of a tree or plant); bough

### References

* “ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: いぃだ (yida, 枝)、ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jida/, /juda/

### Noun

枝(いぃだ) or 枝(ゆだ) (yida or yuda)
* branch (of a tree or plant); bough

### References

* “いだ・いぃだ・ゐだ・ゆぃだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
* “ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

枝: Hán Nôm readings: chi, che
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Yaeyama
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ゆだ (yuda, 枝)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /juda/

### Noun

枝(ゆだ) (yuda)
* branch (of a tree or plant); bough

### References

* “ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Yonaguni
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: どぅだ (duda, 枝)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /duda/

### Noun

枝(どぅだ) (duda)
* branch (of a tree or plant); bough

### References

* “どぅだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.