# bor
## English
### Etymology

Possibly from Old English ġebūr (“freeholder of the lowest class, peasant, farmer”)

### Noun

bor (plural bors)
* (Norfolk, Suffolk) man (not used for children).

### References

* ↑ bur definition taken from A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary By John R. Clark Hall, Herbert Dean Meritt, 1916.

### Anagrams

* ORB, ROB, Rob, bro, bro., orb, rob

## Albanian
### Noun

bor m
* boron

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈbɔr]
* Audio (Valencia):(file)

### Noun

bor m (uncountable)
* boron

#### Derived terms

* borat
* bòric
* borur

### Further reading

* “bor” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “bor”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “bor” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “bor” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Cimbrian
### Preposition

bor
* Unstressed form of bòr (“for”).

## Czech
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech bor, from Proto-Slavic *borъ. Because in Slovak and Polish dialects it means "marsh", it is sometimes associated with Proto-Slavic *bara, meaning the same. More probably it is connected with Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-u-. Compare also borůvka.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbor]
* Rhymes: -or

#### Noun

bor m inan
* wood consisting of pines, pine wood
** 1834, František Škroup, “Kde domov můj” (national anthem of the Czech Republic). Lyrics by Josef Kajetán Tyl:
    Kde domov můj, kde domov můj? / Voda hučí po lučinách, / bory šumí po skalinách, / v sadě skví se jara květ, / zemský ráj to na pohled!(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Derived terms

* borovice
* borovicový
* borovička
* boroví
* borový

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Bor, which is a shortened form of Borax derived from Medieval Latin borax, from Arabic بورق (“būraq”), from Persian بوره (“būrah”).

#### Alternative forms

* bór

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈboːr]
* Rhymes: -oːr

#### Noun

bor m inan
* boron

##### Derived terms

* boran
* borid
* boritý
* borosilikátový

### References

* ↑ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “bor$^1$”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, pages 92–93
* ↑ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “bor$^2$”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 93
* ↑ Čmejrková, Světla, Hoffmannová, Jana, Klímová, Jana (2013) Čeština v pohledu synchronním a diachronním (in Czech), →ISBN, page 433

### Further reading

* “bor”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “bor”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “bor”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

### Anagrams

* obr
* rob

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boːr/, [b̥oɐ̯ˀ]
* Rhymes: -oːɐ̯

### Etymology 1

From the stem of borax.

#### Noun

bor n (singular definite boret, not used in plural form)
* boron (chemical element)
    Synonym: natriumtetraborat

### References

* “bor” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse borr.

#### Noun

bor n (singular definite boret, plural indefinite bor)
* drill
* gimlet, auger

##### Inflection
### Etymology 3

See bo

#### Verb

bor
* present of bo

### Etymology 4

See bore

#### Verb

bor
* imperative of bore

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries). Compare Old Uyghur 𐽼𐽳𐽾 (bor, “wine”), ultimately from Middle Persian bōr (“reddish-brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“brown”). Compare Ossetian бур (bur, “yellow”), Northern Kurdish bor (“grey”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbor]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -or

### Noun

bor (plural borok)
* wine (an alcoholic beverage made by fermenting the juice of grapes)
* wine (an alcoholic beverage made by fermenting the juice of fruits or vegetables other than grapes, usually preceded by the type of the fruit or vegetable)
* (figuratively) wine (intoxication caused by wine)
    A bor beszél belőle. ― It must be the wine. (literally, “The wine is talking out of him/her.”)

#### Derived terms

* borász
* borászat
* boros
* borárus
* borbetegség
* borecet
* borexport
* borértékesítés
* borfajta
* borfogyasztás
* borhamisítás
* borivás
* borkancsó
* borkedvelő
* borkiállítás
* borpince
* borszakértő
* borszőlő
* bortudomány
* borvörös
* almabor
* csemegebor
* fehérbor
* gyümölcsbor
* jégbor
* rozébor
* ürmösbor
* vörösbor
* asztali bor
* borban az igazság
* forralt bor
* jó bornak nem kell cégér
* vizet prédikál és bort iszik

### References

* ↑ bor in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* bor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* bor in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse borr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔːr/
* Rhymes: -ɔːr

### Noun

bor m (genitive singular bors, nominative plural borar)
* drill, drill bit

#### Derived terms

* borjárn
* borvél

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɔr]
* Hyphenation: bɔr
* Rhymes: -bɔr, -ɔr, -r

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch boor (“drill”).

#### Noun

bor (plural bor-bor)
* drill, drill bit
    Synonyms: gurdi, jara

##### Derived terms

* mengebor
* pengebor
* pengeboran
* bor batu
* bor linggis
* bor putar
* bor sentak
* bor tumbuk
* bor udara
* bor ulir

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English board, from Proto-West Germanic *bord, from Proto-Germanic *burdą (“board; plank; table”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerdʰ- (“to cut”). Cognate of Dutch bord.

#### Noun

bor (plural bor-bor)
* (colloquial) board
    Synonym: papan

### Further reading

* “bor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* boor, bore, boore
* (Northern ME) bar, bare, bayre

### Etymology

From Old English bār, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔːr/
* (Northern, Early Middle English) IPA: /bɑːr/

### Noun

bor (plural bores)
* A wild or uncastrated pig; a boar.
* The meat or flesh of a boar.
* (figurative) A rough and tough individual.
* (rare, heraldic) A heraldic image of a boar.

#### Descendants

* English: boar
* Scots: bair
* Yola: boar

#### References

* “bōr, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-22.

## Middle High German
### Etymology

Inherited from Old High German por; from the root of Old High German beran (“to bear, carry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈbor/

### Noun

bor m or f
* height, elevation
    Synonym: bœre

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* bërn

### References

* bor in M. Lexer, Mittelhochdeutsches Handwörterbuch.

## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *bor.

#### Adjective

bor
* grey

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bor ?
* horse

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buːr/

### Etymology 1

A shortening of boraks

#### Noun

bor n (definite singular boret, uncountable)
* boron (chemical element, symbol B)

##### Derived terms

* borat
* borsyre

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse borr.

#### Noun

bor n (definite singular boret, indefinite plural bor, definite plural bora or borene)
bor m (definite singular boren, indefinite plural bor, definite plural borene)
* (countable) a drill, or drill bit

##### Derived terms

* håndbor

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

bor
* present of bo
* imperative of bore

### References

* “bor” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

A shortening of boraks

#### Noun

bor n (definite singular boret)
* (uncountable) boron (chemical element, symbol B)

##### Derived terms

* borat
* borsyre

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse borr.

#### Noun

bor n (definite singular boret, indefinite plural bor, definite plural bora)
bor m (definite singular boren, indefinite plural borar, definite plural borane)
* (countable) a drill, or drill bit

### References

* “bor” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔr/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔr
* Syllabification: bor
* Homophones: bohr, Bohr, Bor, BOR

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

bor m inan
* boron

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

bor m inan
* (obsolete) drill bit
    Synonym: wiertło

##### Declension
### Further reading

* bor in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bor/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French bore, from stem of borax.

#### Noun

bor n (uncountable)
* boron (chemical element)

##### Related terms

* boric

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French bord.

#### Noun

bor n (uncountable)
* brim (of a hat)

##### Declension
### Further reading

* bor in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bôːr/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borъ.

#### Noun

bȏr m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑р)
* pine

##### Declension
#### References

* “bor”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from New Latin borum, from Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq).

#### Noun

bȏr m (Cyrillic spelling бо̑р)
* boron

##### Declension
#### References

* “bor”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *borъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔ́r/

#### Noun

bȍr m inan
* pine

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From New Latin borum, from Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bóːr/

#### Noun

bọ̑r m inan
* boron

##### Inflection
### Further reading

* “bor”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boːr/
* Homophone: bår

#### Noun

bor n
* boron (chemical element)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buːr/

#### Noun

bor
* indefinite plural of bo

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buːr/

#### Verb

bor
* present indicative of bo

### References

* bor in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* bor in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* bor in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Svensk MeSH

### Anagrams

* bro

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish بور (bor), borrowed from French bore.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [boɾ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bor

### Noun

bor (definite accusative boru, plural borlar)
* boron

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
bor
borlar
definite accusative
boru
borları
dative
bora
borlara
locative
borda
borlarda
ablative
bordan
borlardan
genitive
borun
borların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
borum
borlarım
2nd singular
borun
borların
3rd singular
boru
borları
1st plural
borumuz
borlarımız
2nd plural
borunuz
borlarınız
3rd plural
borları
borları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
borumu
borlarımı
2nd singular
borunu
borlarını
3rd singular
borunu
borlarını
1st plural
borumuzu
borlarımızı
2nd plural
borunuzu
borlarınızı
3rd plural
borlarını
borlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
boruma
borlarıma
2nd singular
boruna
borlarına
3rd singular
boruna
borlarına
1st plural
borumuza
borlarımıza
2nd plural
borunuza
borlarınıza
3rd plural
borlarına
borlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
borumda
borlarımda
2nd singular
borunda
borlarında
3rd singular
borunda
borlarında
1st plural
borumuzda
borlarımızda
2nd plural
borunuzda
borlarınızda
3rd plural
borlarında
borlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
borumdan
borlarımdan
2nd singular
borundan
borlarından
3rd singular
borundan
borlarından
1st plural
borumuzdan
borlarımızdan
2nd plural
borunuzdan
borlarınızdan
3rd plural
borlarından
borlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
borumun
borlarımın
2nd singular
borunun
borlarının
3rd singular
borunun
borlarının
1st plural
borumuzun
borlarımızın
2nd plural
borunuzun
borlarınızın
3rd plural
borlarının
borlarının :

## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔʀ/

### Noun

bor m inan
* (colloquial) foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
    Synonym: zornjaty włosanc

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “bor” in Soblex

## Vurës
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔr/

### Verb

bor
* (intransitive) to laugh

### Noun

bor
* kind of large coconut leaf basket which is used for transporting food

### References

The sound system and orthography of the language with audio clips.

### Further reading

Catriona Malau (2011-05-05) Dictionary of Vurës

## Zazaki
### Etymology

Ultimately Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“brown”). Cognate with Persian بور (bur).

### Adjective

bor
* grey