# carnal
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English, from Latin carnālis (“fleshly, of the flesh”), from carō (“flesh”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈkɑɹnəl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)nəl

### Adjective

carnal (comparative more carnal, superlative most carnal)
* Relating to the physical and especially sexual appetites or activities.
** 1941, George Ryley Scott, Phallic Worship: A History of Sex and Sex Rites in Relation to the Religions of All Races from Antiquity to the Present Day, London: T. Werner Laurie, page 29:At the town of Mendes, in the principal temple, there was a living male goat, with which, if the statement of Herodotus is to be accepted, naked female worshippers actually had carnal intercourse.
* Worldly or earthly; temporal.
* Of or relating to the body or flesh.

#### Derived terms

* carnalism
* carnalist
* carnality
* carnalization
* carnalize
* carnal knowledge
* carnally
* carnalness
* hypercarnal
* noncarnal
* uncarnal

#### Related terms

* incarnate
* incarnation
* reincarnate
* reincarnation

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “carnal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “carnal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carnālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kərˈnal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kaɾˈnal]

### Adjective

carnal m or f (masculine and feminine plural carnals)
* carnal (relating to the physical, especially sexual, appetites)
* consanguineous (descending from the same ancestor)
    germà carnalblood brother

#### Related terms

* carn
* carnalitat

### Further reading

* “carnal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “carnal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “carnal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “carnal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Piedmontese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /karˈnal/
* Rhymes: -al

### Adjective

carnal
* carnal

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese carnal, from Latin carnālis (“of the flesh”), from carō (“flesh”). By surface analysis, carne +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁˈnaw/ [kaɦˈnaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁˈnaw/ [kaɦˈnaʊ̯]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /kaɾˈnaw/ [kaɾˈnaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kaʁˈnaw/ [kaʁˈnaʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kaɻˈnaw/ [kaɻˈnaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈnal/ [kɐɾˈnaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈnal/ [kɐɾˈnaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾˈna.li/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: car‧nal

### Adjective

carnal m or f (plural carnais)
* carnal (relating to the physical, especially sexual, appetites)
* (religion) carnal; earthly; worldly (concerned with human matters)
    Synonym: terreno
    Antonym: espiritual
* consanguineous (descending from the same ancestor)
    Synonym: consanguíneo
    irmão carnal ― blood brother.

#### Derived terms

* carnalmente

#### Related terms

* carnalidade
* carnalizar
* carne

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carnalis. By surface analysis, carne +‎ -al.

### Adjective

carnal m or n (feminine singular carnală, masculine plural carnali, feminine and neuter plural carnale)
* fleshly
* carnal

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carnālis (“fleshly, of the flesh”), from carō (“flesh”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɾˈnal/ [kaɾˈnal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: car‧nal

### Adjective

carnal m or f (masculine and feminine plural carnales)
* carnal (relating to the physical, especially sexual, appetites)
    Synonyms: sexual, libidinoso
* consanguineous, by blood (related through birth)
    Synonym: consanguíneo
** 1962, Julio Cortázar, “Simulacros”, in Historias de cronopios y de famas:Por ejemplo, el patíbulo, hasta hoy nadie se ha puesto de acuerdo sobre el origen de la idea, mi hermana la quinta afirma que fue uno de mis primos carnales, que son muy filósofos, pero mi tío el mayor sostiene que se le ocurió a él después de leer una novela de capa y espada.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* carnalmente

### Noun

carnal m (plural carnales, feminine carnala, feminine plural carnalas)
* (Mexico) Ellipsis of hermano carnal (“brother by blood”).; brother (in opposition to adopted or in-law)

#### Related terms

* carnalidad
* carne

### Further reading

* “carnal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10