# βουλεύω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From βουλή (boulḗ, “decision, counsel”) +‎ -εύω (-eúō, denominative suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buː.lěu̯.ɔː/ → /βuˈle.βo/ → /vuˈle.vo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /buː.lěu̯.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /buˈle.wo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /βuˈle.βo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /vuˈle.vo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /vuˈle.vo/

### Verb

βουλεύω • (bouleúō)
* to take counsel, deliberate, concert measures; (in past tenses) to determine or resolve after deliberation
** (intransitive)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.531
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.491
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.420
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.229
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.234
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.379
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.58
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.120
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.28
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.116
** (transitive) to deliberate on, plan, devise
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.652
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.23
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.444
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.311
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.398
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.217
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.296
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.464
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.110
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 872A
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.179
*** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 758
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1223
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.210
*** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 198
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.157
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.120
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 442B
*** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 998
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.10
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.128
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 6.2.2
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Euthydemus 274A
** (control verb) to take counsel; to resolve [with infinitive ‘to do’]
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.299
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.73
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.52
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.61
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92
* to give counsel
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 206
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 694B
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.99
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 697
* (in political writers) to be a member of council
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.57
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1282A.30
** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, On the Choreutes 45
** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 75
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.1.18
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 62.3
** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Agoratus 19
** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 473E
* (middle voice)
** (intransitive) to take counsel with oneself, deliberate
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.10
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1112B.11
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1112B.20
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Pantaenetus 13
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.101
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.44
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 231A
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 604C
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.47
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Peace 29
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 298B
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.44
*** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 2 Kings 6.8
** to act as member of a council, to originate measures
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1281B.31
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1291A.28
** (transitive) to determine with oneself, resolve on
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.114
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.40
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 32C
** (control verb) to resolve [with infinitive ‘to do’]
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.134
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Charmides 176C
** (rarely followed by a relative)
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.13
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.4.40
*** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.33.3
*** 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 12:10

#### Derived terms

* ἀντεπιβουλεύω (antepibouleúō)
* ἀντισυμβουλεύω (antisumbouleúō)
* ἀποσυμβουλεύω (aposumbouleúō)
* βουλευτέον (bouleutéon)
* βουλευτήριον (bouleutḗrion)
* βουλευτής (bouleutḗs)
* διαβουλεύω (diabouleúō)
* ἐπιβουλεύω (epibouleúō)
* μεταβουλεύω (metabouleúō)
* προβουλεύω (probouleúō)
* προεπιβουλεύω (proepibouleúō)
* συμβουλεύω (sumbouleúō)
* συνεπιβουλεύω (sunepibouleúō)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βούλομαι (> DER > βουλεύω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231

### Further reading

* “βουλεύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “βουλεύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “βουλεύω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* βουλεύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* βουλεύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* βουλεύω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “βουλεύω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G1011 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible