# 戾

| 戾 | U+623E, &#25150; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-623E |
| ← 戽 [U+623D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 房 → [U+623F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

戾 (Kangxi radical 63, 戶+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸戈大 (HSIK) or 戈尸戈大 (ISIK), four-corner 3023$_4$, composition ⿸戶犬 (HTKJV) or ⿸户犬(G))

#### Derived characters

* 捩, 唳, 淚, 悷, 棙, 睙, 蜧, 綟, 錑 (𫄫), 𩸭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 415, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11712
* Dae Jaweon: page 759, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2258, character 6
* Unihan data for U+623E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 戾 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 錑 | *ruːds |
| 戻 | *tʰɯːds |
| 戾 | *rɯːds, *rɯːd |
| 綟 | *rɯːds, *rɯːd |
| 唳 | *rɯːds, *rɯːd |
| 蜧 | *rɯːds |
| 捩 | *rɯːds, *rɯːd |
| 悷 | *rɯːds |
| 淚 | *ruds |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): a dog 犬 bending to enter through a door 戶 – to bend over. Extended to mean crooked, deviant, contrary.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lì (li$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): leoi$^6$ / lai$^6$ / lit$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): lâ̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): le$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lē
    (Teochew, Peng'im): li$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lì
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lì
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$
*** Yale: lì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leoi$^6$ / lai$^6$ / lit$^6$
*** Yale: leuih / laih / liht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loey$^6$ / lai$^6$ / lit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lêu$^6$ / lei$^6$ / lid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵy̯²²/, /lɐi̯²²/, /liːt̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lâ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɑ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: le$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lā̤
*** Sinological IPA : /le²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē
*** Tâi-lô: lē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: le
*** IPA (Xiamen): /le²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /le⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /le²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /le³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /le³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: li$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /li³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: lejH, let
Rime :
| Character | 戾 | 戾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 屑 (87) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 郎計切 | 練結切 |
| Baxter | lejH | let |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lei$^H$/ | /let̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lei$^H$/ | /let̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛi$^H$/ | /lɛt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛj$^H$/ | /lɛt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /lei$^H$/ | /let̚/ |
| Wang Li | /liei$^H$/ | /liet̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /liei$^H$/ | /liet̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lì | liè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lai$^6$ | lit$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤe[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rɯːds/, /*rɯːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 戾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁe[t]-s/ |
| English | transgress |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戾 | 戾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 7942 | 7950 |
| Phonetic component | 戾 | 戾 |
| Rime group | 隊 | 物 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 麗 | 𥸸 |
| Old Chinese | /*rɯːds/ | /*rɯːd/ |

### Definitions

戾
* perverse, recalcitrant, rebellious
* 6th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "contrariety" (𝌋)

### Compounds

* 乖戾 (guāilì)
* 佛戾
* 剌戾
* 剛戾 / 刚戾
* 剛戾自用 / 刚戾自用
* 反戾天常
* 咎戾
* 寥戾
* 忿戾
* 悍戾
* 愎戾
* 戾天 (lìtiān)
* 戾止
* 戾氣 / 戾气 (lìqi)
* 攫戾執猛 / 攫戾执猛
* 暴戾 (bàolì)
* 暴戾之氣 / 暴戾之气
* 暴戾恣睢
* 災戾 / 灾戾
* 狠戾
* 狼戾 (lánglì)
* 猛戾
* 獲戾 / 获戾
* 粒米狼戾
* 罪戾 (zuìlì)
* 詭戾 / 诡戾
* 貪戾 / 贪戾 (tānlì)
* 颯戾 / 飒戾
* 飂戾 / 𮨵戾
* 饕戾
* 鳶飛戾天 / 鸢飞戾天

### References

* “戾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “戾”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “戾”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 136.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 戻 |
| Kyūjitai | 戾 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 戻)
* Kyūjitai spelling of 戻

#### Readings

* Go-on: らい (rai)
* Kan-on: れい (rei)
* Kun: もどる (modoru, 戾る)、もどす (modosu, 戾す)、もとる (motoru, 戾る)

### Definitions

* Kanji in this term
* 戾
* れい Hyōgai
* kan'on
For pronunciation and definitions of 戾 – see the following entry. :
| 【戻】S | [kanji] jōyō kanji [kanji] This term needs a translation to English. [kanji] jōyō kanji Kanji reading: らい, れい, もどす, もどる, のぶ, ふさ |
(This term, 戾, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

戾 • (ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol) (hangeul 려>여, 렬>열, revised ryeo>yeo, ryeol>yeol, McCune–Reischauer ryŏ>yŏ, ryŏl>yŏl, Yale lye>ye, lyel>yel)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

戾: Hán Nôm readings: lệ
liệt (xoay lại, turn back)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.