# 酩酊
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǐngdǐng, míngdǐng
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˇ, ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ming$^5$ ding$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bêng-téng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǐngdǐng [Phonetic: míngdǐng]
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˇ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐngdǐng
*** Wade–Giles: ming$^3$-ting$^3$
*** Yale: mǐng-dǐng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miingdiing
*** Palladius: миндин (mindin)
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: míngdǐng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: míngdǐng
*** Wade–Giles: ming$^2$-ting$^3$
*** Yale: míng-dǐng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingdiing
*** Palladius: миндин (mindin)
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ming$^5$ ding$^2$
*** Yale: míhng díng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ming$^5$ ding$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ming$^5$ ding$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɪŋ¹³ tɪŋ³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-téng
*** Tâi-lô: bîng-tíng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bengdeang
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: mengX tengX
Rime :
| Character | 酩 | 酊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 莫迥切 | 都挺切 |
| Baxter | mengX | tengX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /meŋ$^X$/ | /teŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /meŋ$^X$/ | /teŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mɛŋ$^X$/ | /tɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mɛjŋ$^X$/ | /tɛjŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /meŋ$^X$/ | /teŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mieŋ$^X$/ | /tieŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mieŋ$^X$/ | /tieŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mǐng | dǐng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ming$^5$ | ding$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*meːŋʔ teːŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酩 | 酊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9184 | 2389 |
| Phonetic component | 名 | 丁 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 茗 | 頂 |
| Old Chinese | /*meːŋʔ/ | /*teːŋʔ/ |

### Adjective

酩酊
* (ideophonic) heavily intoxicated; inebriated; dead drunk
    From: c. 816, 李賀 (Li He),《將進酒》(Let Wine Be Brought in!) translation based on J. D. Frodsham's version
    Quàn jūn zhōngrì mǐngdǐng zuì, jiǔ bùdào Liú Líng fén shàng tǔ! [Pinyin]
    I beg you to stay quite drunk to the end of your days, for no one pours wine over Liu Ling's tomb anymore.
    From: circa 900?, 韋莊 (Wei Zhuang),《天仙子》其二
    Shēnyè guīlái cháng mǐngdǐng, fú rù liúsū yóuwèi xǐng. [Pinyin]
    Returning late at night, steeped in drunken haze, Half-carried to the tasseled bed, still lost in dreams' maze.

#### Derived terms

* 判酩酊
* 山公酩酊
* 酩酊大醉 (mǐngdǐngdàzuì)
* 酩酊爛醉 / 酩酊烂醉

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 酩 | 酊 |
| めい Hyōgai | てい Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) めーてー [mèétéé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [me̞ːte̞ː]

### Noun

酩(めい)酊(てい) • (meitei)
* (formal) inebriation
    酩酊(めいてい)状態(じょうたい)
       meitei jōtai
       state of inebriation

### Verb

酩(めい)酊(てい)する • (meitei suru) suru (stem 酩(めい)酊(てい)し (meitei shi), past 酩(めい)酊(てい)した (meitei shita))
* (formal) to be inebriated
** 2014, ShibayanRecords (lyrics and music), “クライム・ストーリーときみのウソ (CRIME STORY to Kimi no uso) [Crime Story and Your Lies]”, milka (lyrics), Shibayan (music):酩酊する感情を捨てちゃってもまだ淋しいの 迷走する純情なんて言葉の向こうに投げ出すのMeitei suru kanjō o sutechatte mo mada sabishī no Meisō suru junjō nante kotoba no mukō ni nagedasu noEven if I forgo these intoxicated emotions, solitude lingers still. This aimless pure heart, I hurl beyond the edge of words.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 酩酊し | めいていし | meitei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 酩酊し | めいていし | meitei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 酩酊する | めいていする | meitei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 酩酊する | めいていする | meitei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 酩酊すれ | めいていすれ | meitei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 酩酊せよ¹ 酩酊しろ² | めいていせよ¹ めいていしろ² | meitei seyo¹ meitei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 酩酊される | めいていされる | meitei sareru |
| Causative | 酩酊させる 酩酊さす | めいていさせる めいていさす | meitei saseru meitei sasu |
| Potential | 酩酊できる | めいていできる | meitei dekiru |
| Volitional | 酩酊しよう | めいていしよう | meitei shiyō |
| Negative | 酩酊しない | めいていしない | meitei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 酩酊せず | めいていせず | meitei sezu |
| Formal | 酩酊します | めいていします | meitei shimasu |
| Perfective | 酩酊した | めいていした | meitei shita |
| Conjunctive | 酩酊して | めいていして | meitei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 酩酊すれば | めいていすれば | meitei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN