# стол
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* stoł — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian столъ (stol), from Proto-Slavic *stolъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [stoɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

стол • (stol) m inan (genitive стала́, nominative plural сталы́, genitive plural стало́ў)
* table (furniture with a flat top surface to accommodate a variety of uses)
** 1937, Ijeranim Łucyk, Pieraškoda, Vilnius: Drukarnia „Marianum“, page 46:Hanna z Woleju prynosiać zakusku i stawiać na stoł.Hanna and Vola bring snacks and put them on the table.
** 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 350:Сёння вечарам агні мігацяць у вокнах, чырванаваты водбліск каміна цёпла і весела кладзецца на парт'еры і мяккія дываны, абед гатоў, стол прыгожа нарыхтаваны, але толькі на чатыры персоны, а буфет завален сталовым срэбрам.Sjónnja vječaram ahni mihacjacʹ u vóknax, čyrvanavaty vódblisk kamina cjópla i vjesjela kladzjecca na partʺjery i mjakkija dyvany, abjed hatóŭ, stol pryhóža naryxtavany, alje tólʹki na čatyry pjersóny, a bufjet zavaljen stalóvym srebram.[original: Lights are sparkling in the windows this evening, and the ruddy glow of fires is warm and bright upon the hangings and soft carpets, and the dinner waits to be served, and the dinner-table is handsomely set forth, though only for four persons, and the side board is cumbrous with plate.]
** 1940 [1882], Mark Twain, translated by Janka Maŭr, Прынц і жабрак, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Prince and the Pauper, page 71:Потым ён стаў сам умывацца, а яго прыёмны сын у гэты час ужо ўсеўся за стол і рыхтаваўся прыступіць да яды.Pótym jon staŭ sam umyvacca, a jahó pryjómny syn u hety čas užó ŭsjeŭsja za stol i ryxtavaŭsja prystupicʹ da jady.[original: He now proceeded to comfort his own face with a wash, and while he was at it his adopted child seated himself at the table and prepared to fall to.]
* infodesk, bureau (an organization or office for collecting or providing information)
** 1932, Ciška Hartny, Крыжавыя дарогі (Збор твораў; 4), Minsk: ДВБ, page 116:Ня мог ён вылучыць вольнае гадзіны, каб наведаць адрасны стол і справіцца пра Ганну…Nja moh jon vylučycʹ vólʹnaje hadziny, kab navjedacʹ adrasny stol i spravicca pra Hannu…He couldn't find a free hour to visit the domicile registration bureau and inquire about Hanna...

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* Bulyka, A. M., editor (2012), “столъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 32 (смыковати – струмень), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 412
* “стол”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “стол” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *stolъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [stɔɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

стол • (stol) m (diminutive сто́лче)
* chair (furniture)

#### Declension
### Noun

стол • (stol) m
* canteen (dining room)

#### Declension
### References

* “стол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “стол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Anagrams

* лост (lost)

## Even
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian стол (stol)

### Noun

стол (stol)
* table

### References

* Cincius, V. I., Rišes, L. D. (1952) Русско-эвенский словарь [Russian–Even Dictionary], Moscow

## Kumyk
### Etymology

From Russian стол (stol).

### Noun

стол • (stol)
* table

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “стол”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stolъ (“table”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [stɔɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

стол • (stol) m (relational adjective столен, diminutive столче)
* chair
    Synonym: столица (stolica)

#### Declension
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak stol, from Proto-Slavic *stolъ. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn стул (stul) and Slovak stôl.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstɔl]
* Rhymes: -ɔl
* Hyphenation: стол

### Noun

стол (stol) m inan (diminutive столїк or столчок, augmentative столиско, related adjective столни or столови)
* table, desk
    шедайце ґу столу ― šedajce gu stolu ― sit at the table
    порихтац стол ― porixtac stol ― set the table
    я праве од стола ― ja prave od stola ― I just ate (literally, “I am just from the table”)
* (obsolete) throne
    Synonyms: трон (tron), престол (prestol)

#### Related terms

* столар m inan (stolar)
* столария f (stolarija)
* столок m inan (stolok)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “стол”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “table”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 318

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* столъ (stol) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic столъ (stolŭ), Proto-Slavic *stolъ. Cognate with English stool. Doublet of стул (stul).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [stoɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

стол • (stol) m inan (genitive стола́, nominative plural столы́, genitive plural столо́в, relational adjective столо́вый, diminutive сто́лик)
* table
    Свеча́ горе́ла на столе́. ― Svečá goréla na stolé. ― A candle was burning on the table.
    со стола́ ― so stolá ― off the table
    гото́вить пра́здничный стол ― gotóvitʹ prázdničnyj stol ― to cook a holiday meal
    накрыва́ть на стол ― nakryvátʹ na stol ― to set the table
    убира́ть со стола́ ― ubirátʹ so stolá ― to clear the table
** 1905, Фёдор Сологуб [Fyodor Sologub], chapter VIII, in Мелкий бес; English translation from John Cournos and Richard Aldington, transl., The Little Demon, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1916:Рю́мки для во́дки пода́ли с отби́тыми и обто́ченными до́нышками, чтоб их нельзя́ бы́ло поста́вить на стол.Rjúmki dlja vódki podáli s otbítymi i obtóčennymi dónyškami, štob ix nelʹzjá býlo postávitʹ na stol.The vodka glasses looked as if the foot had been broken off and the stem sharpened so that they would not stand upright on the table.
* board, fare, cuisine
* department, section, office, bureau
* (historical) throne

#### Derived terms

* засто́лье (zastólʹje)
* столе́шница (stoléšnica)
* столо́вая (stolóvaja)
* столонача́льник (stolonačálʹnik)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: stol, istol, istov (dialectal)
* → Armenian: ըստոլ (əstol) (Karabakh)
* → Georgian: სთოლი (stoli)
** → Bats: სტოლ (sṭol), შტოლ (šṭol)
** → Bezhta: истӏоли (istʼoli)
* → Even: стол (stol)
* → Kazakh: үстел (üstel)
* → Kildin Sami: туэлль (tuell’)
* → Laz: სტოლი (sťoli), ოსტოლი (osťoli) — Ghvant, სთოლი (stoli) — Sumla
* → Mingrelian: სტოლი (sṭoli), სთოლი (stoli)
* → Turkish: istol, isdol
* → Udi: истӏол (isṭol)
* → Uzbek: stol
* → Western Mari: стӧл (stöl)
* → Yup'ik: estuuluq

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* сто̑

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stolъ.
Doublet of а̀ста̄л, from the same ultimate source only borrowed through Hungarian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stôːl/

### Noun

сто̑л m (Latin spelling stȏl)
* (Croatia) table
    Synonym: а̀ста̄л

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “стол”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025