# column
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (“a column, pillar, post”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”). Akin to Latin collis (“a hill”), celsus (“high”), probably to Ancient Greek κολοφών (kolophṓn, “top, summit”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɒləm/
* (General American), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹəm, IPA: /ˈkɑləm/
* (General American, rare), (Ireland) enPR: kŏlʹjəm, IPA: /ˈkɑljəm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: col‧umn
* Rhymes: -ɒləm

### Noun

column (plural columns)
* (architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
* A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.
* A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
* A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.
    It was too hard to read the text across the whole page, so I split it into two columns.
* A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.
    Each column inch costs $300 a week; this ad is four columns by three inches, so will run $3600 a week.
* (by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.
    His initial foray into print media was as the author of a weekly column in his elementary-school newspaper.
** 2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 60:I have always argued that despite my opposition to rail privatisation, I should be grateful that John Major won the 1992 election on a platform to sell off the railways, as otherwise my column would have disappeared given the paucity of things to write about.
* Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.
** 1892, James Yoxall, chapter 5, in The Lonely Pyramid:The desert storm was riding in its strength; the travellers lay beneath the mastery of the fell simoom. Whirling wreaths and columns of burning wind, rushed around and over them.
* (botany) The gynostemium
* chemistry An instrument used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.

#### Synonyms

* (upright structure): post, pillar, sile

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “line of table entries”): row (which is horizontal)

#### Hypernyms

* (upright structure): beam

#### Derived terms

* advice column
* agony column
* a little from column A and a little from column B
* balloon column
* clustered column
* columnal
* columnar
* column density
* column echelon form
* columned
* columniferous
* columniform
* column inch
* columnist
* columnization
* columnize
* columnless
* columnlike
* column of Türck
* column shifter
* column space
* column still
* column stinkhorn
* column vector
* column-wise
* columnwise
* control column
* cortical column
* cybercolumn
* dodge the column
* encolumned
* engaged column
* eruption column
* fifth column
* flying column
* fractionating column
* Hathor column
* hypercolumn
* immunocolumn
* intercolumn
* intracolumn
* letter column
* macrocolumn
* microcolumn
* minicolumn
* Morris column
* multicolumn
* multiple-column
* nanocolumn
* personal column
* positive column
* postcolumn
* precolumn
* pseudo-column
* pseudocolumn
* semi-column
* semicolumn
* social column
* society column
* steering column
* subcolumn
* supercolumn
* Türck's column
* vertebral column
* water column
* wide column store

#### Translations

Aklanon: haligi
Albanian: kolonë (sq) f
Arabic: عَمُود m (ʕamūd)
Egyptian Arabic: عمود m (ʕamūd)
Hijazi Arabic: عامود m (ʕāmūd)
Armenian: սյուն (hy) (syun)
Old Armenian: սիւն (siwn)
Azerbaijani: sütun (az)
Bashkir: бағана (bağana); баған (bağan) (Eastern Bashkir)
Basque: habe (eu), zutabe
Belarusian: кало́на f (kalóna), слуп m (slup)
Bulgarian: коло́на (bg) f (kolóna), стълб (bg) m (stǎlb)
Burmese: တိုင် (my) (tuing)
Catalan: columna (ca) f
Chakma: please add this translation if you can
Chinese:
Mandarin: 柱子 (zh) (zhùzi), 柱 (zh) (zhù), 梁柱 (liángzhù)
Coptic: ⲥⲧⲩⲗⲏ m (stulē), ϫⲱⲧ f (čōt)
Czech: sloup (cs) m
Dalmatian: chilauna f
Danish: søjle (da) c
Dutch: kolom (nl) m or f
Egyptian: (jwn m), (wḫꜣ m), (ꜥꜣ m)
Esperanto: kolono (eo)
Estonian: sammas (et)
Etruscan: 𐌚𐌀𐌋𐌀 class inanimate (fala)
Faroese: stólpi m
Finnish: pylväs (fi)
French: colonne (fr)
Friulian: please add this translation if you can
Galician: columna (gl) f
Ge'ez: ዐምድ (ʿämd)
Georgian: სვეტი (sveṭi), ბოძი (boʒi)
German: Säule (de) f
Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍃 f (sauls)
Greek: στήλη (el) f (stíli)
Ancient: στῦλος m (stûlos), κίων m or f (kíōn)
Hebrew: עַמּוּד (he) m (amúd)
Hindi: स्तंभ (hi) m (stambh)
Hungarian: oszlop (hu)
Ingrian: patsas
Irish: colún m
Italian: colonna (it) f
Japanese: 柱 (ja) (はしら, hashira)
Javanese: please add this translation if you can
Kazakh: бағана (bağana), тірек (tırek)
Khmer: សសរ (km) (sɑsɑɑ)
Korean: 기둥 (ko) (gidung)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: stûn (ku)
Kyrgyz: түркүк (ky) (türkük), столб (ky) (stolb), колонна (kolonna)
Lao: ເສົາ (lo) (sao)
Latin: columna f
Latvian: kolonna f
Lithuanian: kolona (lt) f
Lü: ᦉᧁ (ṡaw)
Macedonian: столб m (stolb)
Maltese: kolonna
Maori: pou, tumu
Mazanderani: شلمن
Mon: please add this translation if you can
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: багана (mn) (bagana)
Nanai: тора (tora)
Norman: colonne f
Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can
Norwegian:
Bokmål: søyle (no) m or f
Nynorsk: søyle f
Occitan: colomna (oc)
Odia: please add this translation if you can
Ottoman Turkish: ستون (sütun), دیرك (direk)
Persian:
Iranian Persian: سُتون (sotun)
Piedmontese: colòna f
Polish: kolumna (pl) f, słup (pl) m
Portuguese: coluna (pt)
Rohingya: fala
Romagnol: clôna f, culôna f
Romanian: coloană (ro), pilar, columnă (ro), stâlp (ro)
Russian: коло́нна (ru) f (kolónna), столб (ru) m (stolb)
Scottish Gaelic: colbh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: сту̑п m, сту̑б m
Roman: stȗp (sh) m, stȗb (sh) m
Slovak: stĺp m
Slovene: steber (sl) m
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: słup m
Spanish: columna (es) f, pilastra (es) f (especially quadrangular)
Swedish: kolonn (sv) c, pelare (sv) c
Tajik: сутун (tg) (sutun)
Tatar: багана (tt) (bağana)
Tetum: riin
Thai: เสา (th) (sǎo)
Turkish: kolon (tr), sütun (tr)
Turkmen: sütün
Ukrainian: коло́на f (kolóna), стовп m (stovp)
Uyghur: تۈۋرۈك (tüwrük)
Uzbek: ustun (uz), stolba (uz), kolonna (uz)
Vietnamese: cột (vi)
Volapük: kolum
Zazaki: estûn
Zhuang: saeu :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Further reading

* “column”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “column”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English column, from Middle English columne, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (“a column, pillar, post”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”). Doublet of kolom and colonne.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔ.lʏm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: co‧lumn

### Noun

column m (plural columns)
* a recurring opinion piece in a newspaper or magazine; a column
    Hypernym: opiniestuk
    Hyponym: cursiefje

#### Related terms

* columnist