# 真言
## Chinese

* 真言

### Etymology

The religious sense is a translation of Sanskrit धारणी (dhāraṇī).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēnyán
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zan$^1$ jin$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chin-giân
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen-yi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnyán
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhenyán
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$-yen$^2$
*** Yale: jēn-yán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenyan
*** Palladius: чжэньянь (čžɛnʹjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$真言 箴言
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^1$ jin$^4$
*** Yale: jān yìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^1$ jin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^1$ yin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-giân
*** Tâi-lô: tsin-giân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cin'gieen
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɛn²³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen-yi
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$ yi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen-hhi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵⁵ ɦi²¹/

### Noun

真言
* true words; truthful words
* (religion) incantation

#### Derived terms

* 真言十心
* 真言宗
* 道德真言
* 酒後吐真言 / 酒后吐真言 (jiǔ hòu tǔ zhēnyán)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 真言(しんごん) (shingon)
* → Korean: 진언(眞言) (jineon)
* → Vietnamese: chân ngôn (真言)

### Further reading

* Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “真言” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 真 | 言 |
| しん Grade: 3 | ごん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 眞言 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 真言 (MC tsyin ngjon), itself a translation of Sanskrit मन्त्र (mantra, “mantra”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんごん [shìńgóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩŋɡõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

真(しん)言(ごん) • (shingon)
* (Buddhism) a mantra, incantation
    Synonyms: 呪 (ju), 神呪 (shinju), マントラ (mantora), 密呪 (mitsuju)

##### Derived terms

* 真言(しんごん)師(し) (shingon-shi)
* 真言(しんごん)宗(しゅう) (Shingon-shū)
* 真言(しんごん)秘密(ひみつ) (shingon himitsu)
* 真言(しんごん)陀羅尼(だらに) (shingon-darani)
* 真言(しんごん)両部(りょうぶ) (shingon ryōbu)
* 光明(こうみょう)真言(しんごん) (Kōmyō Shingon, “Mantra of Light”)
* 六(ろく)字(じ)真言(しんごん) (Rokuji-shingon)

##### See also

* 陀羅尼(だらに) (darani, “dhāraṇī”)

#### Proper noun

真(しん)言(ごん) • (Shingon)
* (Buddhism) Short for 真言宗 (Shingon-shū): the Shingon school of esoteric Buddhism

##### Derived terms

* 真言(しんごん)院(いん) (Shingon-in)
* 真言(しんごん)止観(しかん) (Shingon-Shikan)
* 真言(しんごん)七(しち)祖(そ) (Shingon Shichiso)
* 真言(しんごん)神道(しんとう) (Shingon-shintō)
* 真言(しんごん)八祖(はっそ) (Shingon Hasso)
* 真言(しんごん)律宗(りっしゅう) (Shingon-risshū)
* 真言(しんごん)妙典(みょうてん) (Shingon-myōten)
* 真言(しんごん)三部(さんぶ)経(きょう) (Shingon Sanbu-kyō)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 真 | 言 |
| ま Grade: 3 | こと Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 眞言 (kyūjitai)
Literally "true words".

#### Proper noun

真(ま)言(こと) • (Makoto)
* a female given name

#### See also

* 真(ま)事(こと)問(と)ふ, 真(ま)言(こと)問(と)ふ (makoto-tou)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 真 | 言 |

### Noun

真言
* chữ Hán form of chân ngôn (“mantra”).