OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# নেদাৰলেণ্ড
## Assamese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Netherlands.

### Proper noun

নেদাৰলেণ্ড • (nedarlend)
* Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)
* Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten)
    Synonym: হলেণ্ড (holendo)

#### Declension
### See also

* অষ্ট্ৰিয়া (ostria)
* আইচলেণ্ড (aislendo)
* আয়াৰলেণ্ড (ayarlendo)
* আল্বেনিয়া (albenia)
* ইউক্ৰেইন (iukrein)
* ইটালী (itali)
* এণ্ডৰা (endora)
* এষ্ট’নিয়া (estönia)
* কাজাখস্তান (kazakhostan)
* ক্ৰয়েছিয়া (kroesia)
* গ্ৰীচ (gris)
* চান মাৰিন’ (san marinö)
* চাৰ্বিয়া (sarbia)
* চুইজাৰলেণ্ড (suizarlendo)
* চুইডেন (suiden)
* চেক গণতন্ত্ৰ (sek gonotontro)
* জাৰ্মানী (zarmani)
* ডেনমাৰ্ক (denmark)
* তুৰস্ক (turosko)
* নেদাৰলেণ্ড (nedarlendo)
* নৰ্ৱে (norwe)
* পৰ্টুগাল (portugal)
* প’লেণ্ড (pölendo)
* ফিনলেণ্ড (phinlendo)
* ফ্ৰান্স (phrans)
* বস্নিয়া আৰু হেৰ্জেগ’ভিনা (bosnia aru herzegöbhina)
* বুল্গাৰিয়া (bulgaria)
* বেলাৰুছ (belarus)
* বেল্জিয়াম (belziam)
* ভেটিকান চহৰ (bhetikan sohor)
* মনাক’ (monakö)
* মন্টেনেগ্ৰ’ (montenegrö)
* মল্ড’ভা (moldöbha)
* মাল্টা (malta)
* মেচেড’নিয়া (mesedönia)
* যুক্তৰাজ্য (zuktoraizzo)
* লাক্সেমবাৰ্গ (laksembargo)
* লাৎভিয়া (latbhia)
* লিখটেনষ্টাইন (likhtenstain)
* লিছুৱানিয়া (lisuania)
* স্পেইন (spein)
* স্ল’ভাকিয়া (slöbhakia)
* স্ল’ভেনিয়া (slöbhenia)
* হাংগেৰী (haṅgeri)
* ৰুছ দেশ (rus dex)
* ৰোমানিয়া (rümania)
# nursemaid
## English
### Etymology

From nurse +‎ maid.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

nursemaid (plural nursemaids)
* A woman or girl employed to care for children.

#### Synonyms

* nanny
* nurserymaid

#### Coordinate terms

* nurseman

#### See also

* au pair

### Verb

nursemaid (third-person singular simple present nursemaids, present participle nursemaiding, simple past and past participle nursemaided)
* To tend to as a nursemaid.
* (colloquial) To care for or look after.
    I don't believe I have to nursemaid these two rookies through their entire probationary period.
** 1992, Douglas Adams, chapter 14, in Mostly Harmless (The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy), page 120:‘Make the most of it,’ said Ford. ‘Because what I want you to do is to nursemaid that package out of the building.

### Anagrams

* muraenids
# police dog
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

police dog (plural police dogs)
* A dog trained and employed by the police to pursue suspects or sniff out contraband.
** 2020 April 22, “Network News: Man attacks BTP officers after being refused travel”, in Rail, page 11:A man who attacked three police officers and a police dog at Nottingham on April 4 has pleaded guilty to two counts of actual bodily harm, assault with intent to resist arrest, assault of an emergency worker, possession of a bladed article, possession of an offensive weapon, and causing unnecessary suffering to a protected animal.
* (dated) Synonym of German shepherd
** 1917, Dogdom: Monthly - Volume 18, page 596:Finding myself, the other day, in New London, Conn., the thought occurred that it would be a good time to pay a visit to my old friend, Henri I. Baer whose kennel of police dogs (German shepherd dogs) at East Killingly, Conn., was only an hour or so away.
** 1926, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Volumel 69:For instance, we will take a police dog, and no doubt you are all aware, as I am, of the fact that the police or German shepherd is one of the hardest dogs that we have to treat.
** 1930 March, Stephen Sherman, “Was Your Dog Once A Wolf”, in Popular Science Monthly, page 57:Contrary to popular opintion, the shepherd or police dog has not been crossed with the wolf, and has none of the qualities of such a mongrel.
** 2016, Janet Vorwald Dohner, Farm Dogs: A Comprehensive Breed Guide to 93 Guardians, Herders, Terriers, and other Canine Working Partners, →ISBN:By the mid-1920s, the annual registrations of German Shepherd Dogs surpassed 21,000 dogs a year in America and the breed had become one of the most well-known in the country. Unfortunately, to meet this demand for “German police dogs” too many puppies were bred indiscriminately and the breed's reputation suffered.

#### Synonyms

* K-9 unit, service dog

#### Hyponyms

* cadaver dog
* rescue dog

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* logopedic, pedologic
# quality control
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

quality control (countable and uncountable, plural quality controls)
* A control, such as inspection or testing, introduced into an industrial or business process to ensure quality.
# vliuh
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvlyːh/, /ˈflyːh/

### Verb

vliuh
* second-person singular present imperative of vliehen
# 빈둥
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pinduŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [빈둥]

### Noun

빈둥 • (bindung)
* the root of 빈둥거리다 (bindunggeorida)

#### Derived terms

* 빈둥거리다 (bindunggeorida)
* 빈둥대다 (bindungdaeda)
* 빈둥빈둥 (bindungbindung)
# rearrangement
## English
### Etymology

From re- +‎ arrangement or rearrange +‎ -ment.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

rearrangement (countable and uncountable, plural rearrangements)
* The process of rearranging.
** 1951 January, R. A. H. Weight, “A Railway Recorder in Essex and Hertfordshire”, in Railway Magazine, page 44:They form part of the vast electrification and reconstruction schemes which have been in hand for a number of years at Liverpool Street, and in suburban Essex, and include the rearrangement of tracks, of which the Ilford flyover forms part; the modern signal boxes, now needed only at key points; the electric control or sub-stations; and a large electric car shed.
* (chemistry) A rearrangement reaction.

#### Derived terms

* allylic rearrangement
* Bamberger rearrangement
* Beckmann rearrangement
* Brook rearrangement
* Claisen rearrangement
* Cope rearrangement
* Curtius rearrangement
* di-pimethane rearrangement
* Hofmann rearrangement
* Kornblum-DeLaMare rearrangement
* Lossen rearrangement
* microrearrangement
* photorearrangement
* pinacol rearrangement
* rearrangement reaction
* Schmidt rearrangement
* semipinacol rearrangement
* Skattebøl rearrangement
* Stieglitz rearrangement
* Wolff rearrangement
# re-election
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

re-election (plural re-elections)
* alternative spelling of reelection
** 2022 November 16, “Network News: TSSA General Secretary Cortes retires”, in RAIL, number 970, page 8:Having served for 11 years (he was elected in 2011 and 2016), Cortes announced his intention in September not to stand for re-election.

#### Related terms

* re-elect
# redundantly
## English
### Etymology

From redundant +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adverb

redundantly (comparative more redundantly, superlative most redundantly)
* In a redundant manner.
# roofless
## English
### Etymology

From roof +‎ -less.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

roofless (not comparable)
* Without a roof, open to the sky.
    Before the tornado we had a dining room with a skylight; after it we had a roofless home with too much ventilation.
* Having no house or home; unsheltered.
    Synonyms: homeless, houseless
# subsumptive
## English
### Alternative forms

* subsuntive (non-native speakers' English)

### Adjective

subsumptive (not comparable)
* Relating to, or containing, a subsumption.
* (linguistics) Antipassive (used in describing the grammar of Guarani).
# scheming
## English
### Etymology 1

From scheme +‎ -ing.

#### Verb

scheming
* present participle and gerund of scheme

#### Adjective

scheming (comparative more scheming, superlative most scheming)
* (derogatory) Tending to scheme; forming underhand plots.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From scheme +‎ -ing.

#### Noun

scheming (countable and uncountable, plural schemings)
* The activity or practice of making secret or underhanded plans.
# vloch
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvloːx/, /ˈfloːx/

### Verb

vlōch
* first/third-person singular past indicative of vliehen
# rabiti
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orbiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rǎːbiti/
* Hyphenation: ra‧bi‧ti

### Verb

rábiti impf (Cyrillic spelling ра́бити)
* (transitive) to use

#### Derived terms

* izrábiti
* uporábiti

### Further reading

* “rabiti”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *orbiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rabìːti/, /rabíːti/, /ràːbiti/

### Verb

rabīti or rábiti impf
* to use
* to need

#### Derived terms

* izrabīti
* obrabīti
* porabīti

### Further reading

* “rabiti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “rabiti”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references
# take it away
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

take it away (third-person singular simple present takes it away, present participle taking it away, simple past took it away, past participle taken it away)
* (idiomatic, chiefly imperative) To begin, especially used to launch a performance of some sort.
    I'd like to introduce Mumbo the Magnificent and his dancing parrot, Tiddles. Take it away, Mumbo!
** 1998, Rushmore, 00:33:50
    MRS WHITNEY: We have a new student with us today. His name's Max Fischer and he's actually asked to say a few words to the class. Max? You want to take it away?

#### Synonyms

* commence
# shinbone
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English schinboon, schineboon, from Old English sċinbān (“shin, shinbone”), from Proto-West Germanic *skinubain, from Proto-Germanic *skinōbainą, equivalent to shin +‎ bone. Cognate with Dutch scheenbeen (“shinbone”), German Schienbein (“shinbone”), Danish skinneben (“shin, shinbone”), Swedish skenben (“shinbone”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

shinbone (plural shinbones)
* (anatomy) The inner and usually the larger of the two bones of the leg or hind limb below the knee
* (zoology) A segment of an insect's leg.

#### Synonyms

* tibia, shankbone

#### Derived terms

* Shinboner

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* bishonen
# stepladder
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

stepladder (plural stepladders)
* Alternative form of step ladder
# steeper
## English
### Etymology

From steep +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

steeper
* comparative form of steep: more steep

### Noun

steeper (plural steepers)
* A vessel, vat, or cistern in which things are steeped
* The stem of a shrub or small tree in a hedgerow, often laid by being partially cut through at the base in the process of laying a hedge.

### References

* ↑ “steeper”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Petrees, peerest, resteep
# નીવ
## Gujarati
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈniʋ/

### Proper noun

નીવ • (nīv) ?
* a male given name
# vlüget
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvlyɡət/, /ˈflyɡət/

### Verb

vlüget
* second-person plural past subjunctive of vliegen

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvlyɡət/, /ˈflyɡət/

### Verb

vlüget
* second-person plural past subjunctive of vliehen
# temporada
## Catalan
### Etymology

Semi-learned form based on Latin tempus (“time”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [təm.puˈɾa.ðə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [təm.poˈɾa.ðə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tem.poˈɾa.ða]

### Noun

temporada f (plural temporades)
* season; period of time

#### Related terms

* temps

#### Further reading

* “temporada” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin tempore (“time”) +‎ -ada.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.poˈɾa.dɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.poˈɾa.dɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.poˈɾa.da/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tẽ.puˈɾa.dɐ/ [tẽ.puˈɾa.ðɐ]
* Hyphenation: tem‧po‧ra‧da

### Noun

temporada f (plural temporadas)
* season (part of a year when something particular happens)
* (television) season, series (group of episodes of a television broadcast)
    Qual é o seu episódio favorito da segunda temporada?What's your favorite episode from season two?
* period, span of time

### Further reading

* “temporada”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “temporada”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “temporada”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “temporada”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tempoˈɾada/ [t̪ẽm.poˈɾa.ð̞a]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: tem‧po‧ra‧da

### Noun

temporada f (plural temporadas)
* season, period, span of time
* (television) season, series (group of episodes of a television broadcast)

#### Derived terms

* abono de temporada
* de temporada
* temporada alta
* temporada baja

#### Further reading

* “temporada”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# vliehe
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvliə̯hə/, /ˈfliə̯hə/

### Verb

vliehe
* first/third-person singular present subjunctive of vliehen
# fin troppo
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fin ˈtrɔp.po/
* Hyphenation: fin‧tròp‧po

### Determiner

fin troppo (feminine fin troppa, masculine plural fin troppi, feminine plural fin troppe)
* intensified version of troppo (determiner); way too much

### Adverb

fin troppo
* intensified version of troppo (adverb); way too
    fin troppo bravo ― even a bit too good
# spola
## Italian
### Etymology

From Old French spole, espole, from Middle Dutch spoele, from Old Dutch *spōla, *spuola, from Proto-Germanic *spōlǭ (“spool”). More at spool.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspɔ.la/
* Rhymes: -ɔla
* Hyphenation: spò‧la

### Noun

spola f (plural spole)
* shuttle (in weaving and in transportation)
* bobbin
* spool

#### Synonyms

* navicella

### Anagrams

* salpo, salpò, spalo, spalò

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

spola (Cyrillic spelling спола)
* genitive singular of spol

## Swedish
### Etymology

Probably from Middle Low German spölen. Compare the older byform spöla. The back vowel could stem from Low German past forms with Rückumlaut. Alternatively it could be from Middle Dutch influence. In either case from Proto-West Germanic *spōlijan. Cognate with Danish spule, Norwegian Bokmål spyle, Norwegian Nynorsk spyla, and further Dutch spoelen, German spülen.

### Verb

spola (present spolar, preterite spolade, supine spolat, imperative spola)
* (often with a particle, especially av (“off”)) to flush (let water (or another liquid) flow over, usually in order clean, and usually at pressure), (when cleaning) to wash, to hose off, to rinse, etc.
    Han spolade av altanenHe hosed off the deck
* to flush (a toilet)
    spola toalettenflush the toilet
    Du glömde spolaYou forgot to flush
* (figuratively) to flush (get rid of something that no longer seems desirable)
    Vi spolar den idén. Det kommer inte funka.Let's flush that idea. It won't work.
* to reel, to spool, to wind (quickly wind on a spool or reel or the like)
    spola tillbaka bandet ― rewind the tape
    spola fram bandet ― fast forward the tape
    spola upp ny tråd ― wind new thread

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Derived terms

* snabbspola
* spolarvätska

#### See also

* skölja

### References

* spola in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* spola in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* spola in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* slopa
# spolą
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspɔ.lɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɔlɔw̃
* Syllabification: spo‧lą

### Verb

spolą
* third-person plural future of spolić
# vlæhte
## Middle High German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈvlæːxtə/, /ˈflæːxtə/

### Verb

vlæhte
* second-person singular preterite indicative of vlëhten
* first/third-person singular preterite subjunctive of vlëhten
# berlinés
## Catalan
### Adjective

berlinés (feminine berlinesa, masculine plural berlinesos, feminine plural berlineses)
* (Valencia) Alternative spelling of berlinès

### Noun

berlinés m (plural berlinesos, feminine berlinesa)
* (Valencia) Alternative spelling of berlinès

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Berlín +‎ -és.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beɾliˈnes/ [beɾ.liˈnes]
* Rhymes: -es
* Syllabification: ber‧li‧nés

### Adjective

berlinés (feminine berlinesa, masculine plural berlineses, feminine plural berlinesas)
* of, from or relating to Berlin

### Noun

berlinés m (plural berlineses, feminine berlinesa, feminine plural berlinesas)
* Berliner

### Further reading

* “berlinés”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# whare noho
## Maori
### Noun

whare noho
* hostel, Template:alternative of
# whare noho
## Maori
### Noun

whare noho
* hostel, Alternative form of wharenoho
# whare noho
## Maori
### Noun

whare noho
* hostel, alternative form of wharenoho
# sociópata
## Spanish
### Etymology

From socio- +‎ -pata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /soˈθjopata/ [soˈθjo.pa.t̪a]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /soˈsjopata/ [soˈsjo.pa.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -opata
* Syllabification: so‧ció‧pa‧ta

### Noun

sociópata m or f by sense (plural sociópatas)
* sociopath

#### Related terms

* sociopatía

### Further reading

* “sociópata”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# джерсі
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʒerˈsʲi]

### Noun

джерсі́ • (džersí) n inan (indeclinable)
* jersey (knitted garment, worn over the upper body)
    Synonym: светр m (svetr)
* (in the singular) jersey (type of fine knitted fabric)

### Further reading

* “джерсі”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “джерсі”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “джерсі”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# nǀii
## Nǀuu
### Verb

nǀii
* to look, to see
    Synonym: nǀaa

### References

* Shah, Sheena, and Matthias Brenzinger. Ouma Geelmeid ke kx’u ǁxaǁxa Nǀuu. Cape Town: CALDi, University of Cape Town. 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17432.
* Sands, Bonny & Jones, Kerry & Esau, Katrina & Collins, Chris & Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena & Job, Sylvanus & Miller, Amanda & Steyn, Betta & Zaanen, Menno & Namaseb, Levi & Berg, Dietloff & Mantzel, Dotty & Damarah, Willem & Snyman, Claudia & Wyk, David & Brugman, Johanna & Exter, Mats & Vaalbooi, Antjie & Westhuizen, Mietjie. (2022). Nǀuuki Namagowab Afrikaans English ǂXoakiǂxanisi/Mîdi di ǂKhanis/Woordeboek/Dictionary
# નીવ
## Gujarati
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈniʋ/

### Proper noun

નીવ • (nīv) m
* a male given name
# λιμώσσω
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* λιμώττω (limṓttō) — Attic

### Etymology

From λιμός (limós) +‎ -σσω (-ssō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /li.mɔ̌ːs.sɔː/ → /liˈmos.so/ → /liˈmo.so/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /li.mɔ̌ːs.sɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /liˈmos.so/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /liˈmos.so/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /liˈmos.so/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /liˈmo.so/

### Verb

λιμώσσω • (limṓssō)
* to be hungry, starving, famished

#### Related terms

* βούλιμος (boúlimos)
* λιμαίνω (limaínō)
* λιμαλέος (limaléos)
* λιμηρός (limērós)
* λῑμοκτονέω (līmoktonéō)
* Λῑμός (Līmós)
* λιμώδης (limṓdēs)
* λίμωξις (límōxis)
* λιμώττω (limṓttō)
* πούλιμος (poúlimos)

### References

* “λιμώσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “λιμώσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* λιμώσσω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* λιμώσσω, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
# джерсі
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English jersey.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʒerˈsʲi]

### Noun

джерсі́ • (džersí) n inan (indeclinable)
* jersey (knitted garment, worn over the upper body)
    Synonym: светр m (svetr)
* (in the singular) jersey (type of knitted fabric)

### Further reading

* “джерсі”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “джерсі”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “джерсі”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲
## Old Uyghur
### Alternative forms

* 𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 (ʾmrʾq /⁠amraḳ⁠/), 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽶𐽾𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmyrʾq /⁠amïraḳ⁠/), 𐽰𐽰𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾrmʾq /⁠armaḳ⁠/), 𐽶𐽶𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 (yymrʾq /⁠yïmraḳ⁠/), 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽻𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmsʾq /⁠amsaḳ⁠/)
* 𐫀𐫖𐫡𐫀𐫠 (ʾmrʾq̈ /⁠amraḳ⁠/) (?)

### Etymology

By surface analysis, 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmrʾmʾq /⁠amra-⁠/, “to like, to be fond of, to desire”) +‎ -𐽷 (-k /⁠-ḳ⁠/, “deverbal suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *am- (“to love, to desire; to be quiet”).
Shares the same root with 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽶𐾁 (ʾʾmyl /⁠amïl⁠/, “peaceful, calm, mild, quiet”), 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmyrtmʾq /⁠amïrtmaḳ⁠/, “to resolve a quarrel, to seek peace”) and 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽶𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmrylmʾq /⁠amrïlmaḳ⁠/, “to be relaxed, to reach for Nirvāṇa”). Cognate with Karakhanid اَمْرَقْ (amraḳ, “calm, relaxed”).

#### Adjective

𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmrʾq /amraḳ/)
* beloved, dear, desired
    Synonyms: 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽰𐽺𐽽𐽶𐽷 (kwyšʾncyk /⁠küšenčig⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽷 (ʾwykwk /⁠ögük⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽷 (sʾβyk /⁠sevig⁠/), 𐾀𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽶 (tʾrtyncy /⁠tartïnčï⁠/)
* loved, caressed, deeply cared for
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐽻𐽶𐽷 (ʾysyk /⁠isig⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽷𐾁𐽶𐽷 (sʾβyklyk /⁠seviglig⁠/)
    𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽺𐽶𐽹𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽾𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽹 𐾈ʾmrʾq̈ ʾwqlʾnymtyn ʾʾdrʾltym/Amraḳ oġlanïmtïn adraltïm./I was separated from my dear son.
* loved, lusted after
    Synonyms: 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷𐾁𐽶𐽷 (kwynylʾmʾklyk /⁠künilemeklig⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽻𐽳𐽿 (kwyswš /⁠küsüš⁠/), 𐽰𐽳𐽱𐽳𐾀𐽻𐽳𐽴 (ʾwβwtswz /⁠uvutsuz⁠/)

#### Noun

𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmrʾq /amraḳ/)
* beloved person, friend
    Synonyms: 𐽼𐽳𐽶𐽿𐽳𐽷 (pwyšwk /⁠böšük⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽸𐽶𐽽 (sʾqdyc /⁠saġdïč⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽽𐽰𐽾𐽶 (sʾqʾcʾry /⁠saḫačaré⁠/), 𐾀𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽽 (tʾyʾnc /⁠tayanč⁠/)
* boyfriend or a girlfriend, romantic partner
    Synonyms: 𐽰𐽶𐽿 (ʾyš /⁠éš⁠/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰𐽿 (kwynkwltʾš /⁠köŋüldeš⁠/)
    𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲𐾄𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽶𐽾𐽶𐾁𐽲𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽹𐽷𐽰𐽷ʾʾmrʾq̈lʾrtyn ʾʾdyrylqwlwq̈ ʾmkʾk/amraḳlartïn adïrïlġuluḳ emgek/the toil of having to leave the ones you love behind (Priyaviprayoge Duḥkha)

##### Compound terms

* 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲 𐽰𐽶𐽻𐽶𐽷 (ʾʾmrʾq ʾysyk /⁠amraḳ isig⁠/, “beloved”)

##### Derived terms

* 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽲𐽳 (ʾʾmrʾqlʾqw /⁠amraḳlaġu⁠/, “lovely, sweet”)
* 𐽰𐽰𐽹𐽾𐽰𐽲𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾmrʾqlʾmʾq /⁠amraḳlamaḳ⁠/, “to be amiable”)

#### Descendants

* → Mongolian: амраг (amrag, “love”)

### References

* Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “amraḳ”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 14
* Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “(1) AMRAQ”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 42
* Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) amrak”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 43