# 轎

| 轎 | U+8F4E, &#36686; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F4E |
| ← 轍 [U+8F4D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 轏 → [U+8F4F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

轎 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 十十竹大月 (JJHKB), four-corner 5202$_7$, composition ⿰車喬)

#### Derived characters

* 𡅫, 𥍑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1248, character 31
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38532
* Dae Jaweon: page 1727, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3556, character 4
* Unihan data for U+8F4E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 驕 | *krew |
| 嬌 | *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew |
| 憍 | *krew, *kʰrew |
| 穚 | *krew |
| 鷮 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 蕎 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 喬 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 簥 | *krew |
| 撟 | *krew, *krewʔ |
| 矯 | *krewʔ |
| 鱎 | *krewʔ |
| 敽 | *krewʔ |
| 蟜 | *krewʔ, *ɡrew |
| 譑 | *krewʔ, *kʰews |
| 蹻 | *krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ |
| 繑 | *kʰew |
| 鞽 | *kʰrew |
| 趫 | *kʰrew, *ɡrew |
| 嘺 | *ɡew |
| 橋 | *ɡrew |
| 僑 | *ɡrew |
| 鐈 | *ɡrew |
| 毊 | *ɡrew, *qʰrew |
| 轎 | *ɡrew, *ɡrews |
| 嶠 | *ɡrews |
| 獢 | *qʰrew |
| 屩 | *kewɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrew, *ɡrews): semantic 車 + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jiào (jiao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiao$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): giu$^6$ / giu$^{6-2}$ / kiu$^4$ / kiu$^{4-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): giau$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qieu$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khieu
    (Hailu, HRS): kiau$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jiau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): giāu
* Eastern Min (BUC): giêu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gieo$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiāu / kiō / kiau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giê$^7$ / gio$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$jiau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jiau$^4$ / jiau$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^4$
*** Yale: jyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
*** Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: jiao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giao
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiau²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: giu$^6$ / giu$^{6-2}$ / kiu$^4$ / kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: giuh / gíu / kìuh / kíu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: giu$^6$ / giu$^{6-2}$ / kiu$^4$ / kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: giu$^6$ / giu$^{6-2}$ / kiu$^4$ / kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːu̯²²/, /kiːu̯²²⁻³⁵/, /kʰiːu̯²¹/, /kʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: giau$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiau³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qieu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiɛu¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khieu
*** Hakka Romanization System: kieu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kieu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯eu̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiau$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiau³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jiau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiau⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giāu
*** Sinological IPA : /kiau⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giêu
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛu²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gā̤u
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiāu
*** Tâi-lô: kiāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiau
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiau²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiō
*** Tâi-lô: kiō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kioi
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kio²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kio³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɤ³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiau
*** Tâi-lô: kiau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiaw
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴⁴/
* kiāu - literary;
* kiō - vernacular;
* kiau - colloquial.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit轎 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɑu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕiɑu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiɔ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiau³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiau⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕiɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕiau³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕiau¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕiao²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɔ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕiɔo⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiau⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiɔ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɔ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /d͡ʑiæ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiɔ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑiɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiɔ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕio⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕiau⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕiau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /d͡ʑiaɯ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɛu²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiau⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰeu⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kiu³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kiu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kiu³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiau²²/ /kio²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kiɛu²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kiau⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kio³¹/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kio²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: gjew, gjewH
Rime :
| Character | 轎 | 轎 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (92) | 宵 (92) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 巨嬌切 | 渠廟切 |
| Baxter | gjew | gjewH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇu/ | /ɡˠiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛu/ | /ɡᵚiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæu/ | /ɡiæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giaw/ | /giaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛu/ | /ɡjɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛu/ | /ɡĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛu/ | /gi̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiáo | jiào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kiu$^4$ | giu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrew/, /*ɡrews/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 轎 | 轎 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10358 | 10362 |
| Phonetic component | 喬 | 喬 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 喬 | 嶠 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrew/ | /*ɡrews/ |
| Notes | 見漢書 | 見漢書 |

### Definitions

轎
* bamboo carriage
* sedan chair; palanquin (Classifier: 頂／顶 c)
    來人啊，備轎！／来人啊，备轿！ ― Láirén a, bèi jiào! ― Men, get my palanquin ready!

#### Compounds

* 兜轎 / 兜轿
* 八人轎 / 八人轿
* 八抬轎 / 八抬轿
* 坐轎 / 坐轿
* 壓轎 / 压轿
* 女轎 / 女轿
* 寶轎 / 宝轿
* 小轎 / 小轿
* 山轎 / 山轿
* 彩轎 / 彩轿 (cǎijiào)
* 打轎 / 打轿
* 抬轎 / 抬轿 (táijiào)
* 抬轎子 / 抬轿子
* 暖轎 / 暖轿
* 犁轎 / 犁轿
* 發轎 / 发轿
* 看轎 / 看轿
* 神轎 / 神轿 (shénjiào)
* 舁轎 / 舁轿
* 花轎 / 花轿 (huājiào)
* 起轎 / 起轿
* 軟轎 / 软轿
* 轎夫 / 轿夫 (jiàofū)
* 轎子 / 轿子 (jiàozi)
* 轎廳 / 轿厅
* 轎車 / 轿车 (jiàochē)
* 馱轎 / 驮轿
* 騾轎 / 骡轿
* 騾馱轎 / 骡驮轿
* 魂轎 / 魂轿

### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: kiệu (轎)
Others:
* → Indonesian: kio (“palanquin”)
* → Thai: เกี้ยว (gîao)
* → Zhuang: giuh

### References

* “轎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 轎”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* palanquin
* litter

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)
* Kun: かご (kago)、やまかご (yamakago)

## Korean
### Hanja

轎 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
* palanquin
* sedan chair

## Vietnamese
### Han character

轎: Hán Nôm readings: kiệu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.