# rumen
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rūmen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹu.mən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːmən

### Noun

rumen (plural rumina or rumens)
* The first compartment of the stomach of a cow or other ruminants.
    Synonyms: paunch, fack, fardingbag
    Hypernyms: compartment, tripe
    Coordinate terms: abomasum, omasum, reticulum
** 2013 [1966], Robert E. Hungate, The Rumen and Its Microbes, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 162:In the newborn ruminant the abomasum is about as large as the rumen and remains relatively large as long as only milk is consumed (Brugnone, 1809). As the young ruminant consumes forages, the reticulum, and particularly the rumen, develop rapidly.

#### Related terms

* rumenic
* ruminal
* ruminant
* ruminate

#### Translations
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rūmen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁy.mɛn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rumen m (plural rumens)
* rumen (stomach)

### Further reading

* “rumen”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Friulian
### Adjective

rumen
* Romanian

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* rūma

### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *roug(s)mən ~ *rug(s)mən, of somewhat disputed origin. Probably from the root of *rūgō +‎ -men, attested in ērūgō, rūctō (“I belch”) and rugiō (“I roar, rumble, bray”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewg-, *h₁rewǵ- (“to belch”).
Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐρεύγομαι (ereúgomai, “I spew out, discharge, belch, bellow”), Old Armenian ործամ (orcam, “I vomit, am nauseated”), Proto-Germanic *reukaną (“to smoke, emit vapor”) (modern English reek).
Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *sréwmn̥, from the root *srew- (“to flow”). (Can this etymology be sourced?) See also Rōma and flūmen, which are sometimes hypothesized as from the same source. A third possibility is a relationship with Etruscan 𐌓𐌖𐌌 (rum, “teat”). If not coincidental, it may be equally likely that the Etruscan word was borrowed from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈruː.men/, [ˈruːmɛn]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈru.men/, [ˈruːmen]

### Noun

rūmen n (genitive rūminis); third declension
* throat, gullet
* (anatomy) rumen (first stomach of a ruminant)

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* rūminātiō
* rūminō
* rūminor

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: rumen
* → English: rumen
* → Italian: rumine

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-rūgō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 529
* “rumen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* rumen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* rumen in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌrʉˈmeːn/

### Noun

rumen m (definite singular rumenen, indefinite plural rumenar, definite plural rumenane)
* (pre-2012) alternative form of rumenar

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French rumen.

#### Noun

rumen n (plural rumene)
* rumen

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роумѣнъ (ruměnŭ), from Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ (“ruddy”). Compare Bulgarian румен (rumen), Serbo-Croatian rumen.

#### Adjective

rumen m or n (feminine singular rumenă, masculine plural rumeni, feminine and neuter plural rumene)
* ruddy

##### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rǔmen/
* Hyphenation: ru‧men

#### Adjective

rùmen (Cyrillic spelling ру̀мен, definite rùmenī, comparative rumeniji)
* rosy, ruddy, pink
* reddish, red

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “rumen”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

### Etymology 2

Nominalized from the previous sense.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rûmeːn/
* Hyphenation: ru‧men

#### Noun

rȕmēn f (Cyrillic spelling ру̏ме̄н)
* (uncountable) rosiness

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “rumen”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

### See also

Colors in Serbo-Croatian · boje / боје (layout · text) :
| bijel / бијел, beo / бео | siv / сив, sinji / сињи | crn / црн |
| crven / црвен, rumen / румен | narandžast / наранџаст, narančast / наранчаст; smeđ / смеђ, braon / браон | žut / жут; žut / жут |
| zelen / зелен | zelen / зелен | |
| tirkizan / тиркизан, cijan / цијан; tirkizan / тиркизан | plav / плав | modar / модар |
| ljubičast / љубичаст; modar / модар, indigo / индиго | ljubičast / љубичаст, magenta / магента; ljubičast / љубичаст | ružičast / ружичаст, roza / роза |

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ruměnъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rumɛ́n/

### Adjective

rumȅn (comparative bȍlj rumȅn, superlative nȁjbolj rumȅn)
* yellow

#### Derived terms

* rumenják

### See also

Colors in Slovene · barve (layout · text) :
| bela | siva | črna |
| rdeča; škrlatna | oranžna; rjava | rumena; krem |
| svetlozelena, limeta | zelena | |
| sinja, cian; turkizna | azurna | modra |
| vijolična; indigo | magenta, fuksija; vijolična, lila | roza, rožnata |

### Further reading

* “rumen”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “rumen”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrumen/ [ˈru.mẽn]
* Rhymes: -umen
* Syllabification: ru‧men

### Noun

rumen m (plural rúmenes)
* rumen
** 2022 November 10, María Teresa Paramio, “¿Es nueva la producción de alimentos en macrogranjas?”, in El País‎:El amoniaco procede de las heces y la orina de los animales; el CO₂ de su respiración y el metano lo expulsan los rumiantes por la boca, no por las ventosidades, como se dice frecuentemente, debido a la fermentación de los alimentos en su rumen, que es una de las partes del aparato digestivo de los rumiantes.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* rumiante

#### See also

* panza