# -nik
## English
### Etymology

From the Slavic suffix represented by Russian -ник (-nik). This suffix experienced a surge in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the 1957 Soviet launch of the first Sputnik satellite. English usage is heavily influenced by Yiddish usage of ־ניק (-nik) and similar borrowed words (nogoodnik, nudnik, kibbutznik).

### Suffix

-nik
* Creates a nickname for a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with the thing or quality specified (by the base form), often a particular ideology or preference.

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* Kabakchi, V. V. with Doyle, Charles Clay (1990 Autumn) “Of Sputniks, Beatniks, and Nogoodniks”, in American Speech‎, volume 65, number 3, →JSTOR, pages 275-278

### Anagrams

* -kin, -kin-, Kin, ink, k'in, kin

## Basque
### Alternative forms

* -enik

### Etymology

From -n (“that”) +‎ -ik (partitive suffix).

### Conjunction

-nik
* Negative polarity item used to form relative clauses, that
    Ez dut esan etorriko direnik. ― I didn't say that they'll come.

#### Usage notes

The form taken by this clitic depends on the ending of the verbal form to which it is attached, see the usage notes at -n.

## Estonian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Ingrian -nikka, Latvian -nieks and Russian -ник (-nik).

### Suffix

-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)
* Forms occupational agent nouns. (non-productive)
    ‎kiri (“text”) + ‎-nik → ‎kirjanik (“writer”)
    ‎aed (“garden”) + ‎-nik → ‎aednik (“gardener”)
    ‎kunst (“art”) + ‎-nik → ‎kunstnik (“artist”)

#### Derived terms
## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nʲik/

### Suffix

-nik m
* Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
    ‎rězaś (“to cut”) + ‎-nik → ‎rěznik (“butcher”)

#### Declension

Animate nouns:
Inanimate nouns:

#### Related terms

* -nica f

## Ojibwe
### Noun

-nik (plural -nikan, obligatorily possessed)
* arm

#### Derived terms

* gichinik (“right hand”)
* ginik (“your arm”)
* ingodonik (“one arm; one armlength”)
* jiiskinikebizon (“bracelet; garter”)
* midaasonik (“ten arms; ten armlengths”)
* minikeyaab (“armband; bracelet”)
* ninik (“my arm”)
* onik (“his arm”)

#### Related terms

* -nik-
* -nike-

### References

* The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ninik-nid

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /niːk/
* IPA: (15th CE) /nik/

### Suffix

-nik m
* forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device

#### Descendants

* Polish: -nik

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish -nik

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ik
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Suffix

-nik m
* forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
    ‎rola + ‎-nik → ‎rolnik

#### Declension

Personal nouns:
Impersonal nouns:

#### Related terms

* -nica

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).

### Suffix

-nik (Cyrillic spelling -ник)
* Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature.

#### Derived terms

* -enik
* -evnik
* -ovnik

#### Related terms

* -ik
* -ica
* -nica

### References

* Skok, Petar (1971) “-nik”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 515