# луна
## Bulgarian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic лоуна (luna), from Proto-Slavic *luna.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫoˈna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -na

#### Noun

луна́ • (luná) f (relational adjective лу́нен, diminutive луни́ца)
* moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)
    Synonym: месечи́на (mesečína)
* moon (any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet)

##### Declension
#### References

* “луна¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “луна”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “луна́¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 509

### Etymology 2

Back-formed (with stress retraction) from the diminutive луни́ца (luníca, “small moon”) of Etymology 1.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫunɐ]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

лу́на • (lúna) f (relational adjective луни́в or лу́нест)
* freckle, speckle, skin spot
    Synonym: (dialectal) пе́га (péga)

##### Derived terms

* лу́ня се (lúnja se), луня́свам (lunjásvam, “to get speckles on the skin”)
* лу́нка (lúnka), лу́ница (lúnica), лу́ничка (lúnička) (diminutive)

#### References

* “луна²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* Nayden Gerov (1899) “лу́на”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 24
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лу́на¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 508

### Etymology 3

Probably a resultant noun of lost Proto-Slavic *lu- (“thrust, poke”) +‎ -на (-na), attested with s-mobile in Bulgarian хлу́я (hlúja, “to raid, to charge in”). If correct, then related to Serbo-Croatian олу́ја (“whirlwind”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫunɐ]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

лу́на • (lúna) f (relational adjective лу́няв)
* (dialectal) strong gale, squall

##### Alternative forms

* лу́ня (lúnja) — dialectal

#### References

* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лу́на⁴”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 508

### Anagrams

* улна (ulna), нула (nula)

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *luna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫuna]

### Noun

луна • (luna) f
* (rare, poetic) moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)
    Synonym: месечина (mesečina)
* Alternative form of луња (lunja, “thunderstorm”)

## Old East Slavic
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lunà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /luˈnɑ/→/luˈna/→/luˈna/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /luˈnɑ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /luˈna/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /luˈna/
* Hyphenation: лу‧на

### Noun

луна (luna) f
* moon

#### Descendants

* Russian: луна́ (luná)
* Ukrainian: луна́ (luná, “echo”)

### References

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “луна”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 54

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic луна (luna, “moon”), from Proto-Slavic *luna (“moon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫʊˈna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a

### Noun

луна́ • (luná) f inan (genitive луны́, nominative plural лу́ны, genitive plural лун, relational adjective лу́нный)
* moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)
** 2007, Земфира [Zemfira] (lyrics and music), “Мы разбиваемся [My razbivajemsja]”, in Спасибо‎:Звонки́ телефо́нные под луно́й, Грани́цы усло́вные, я с тобо́й...Zvonkí telefónnyje pod lunój, Granícy uslóvnyje, ja s tobój...(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* moon (any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet)

#### Synonyms

* Луна́ f (Luná), ме́сяц m (mésjac)
* есте́ственный спу́тник m (jestéstvennyj spútnik)

#### Hypernyms

* небе́сное те́ло n (nebésnoje télo), спу́тник m (spútnik)

#### Derived terms

* безлу́нный (bezlúnnyj)
* луна́-ры́ба f anim (luná-rýba)
* новолу́ние n (novolúnije)
* полнолу́ние n (polnolúnije)
* лунохо́д m (lunoxód)
* прилуни́ться pf (prilunítʹsja), прилуня́ться impf (prilunjátʹsja), прилуне́ние n (prilunénije)

##### Phrases

* как до Луны́ (kak do Luný)
** как до Луны́ пешко́м (kak do Luný peškóm)
* ло́жная луна́ f (lóžnaja luná)
* лу́нное затме́ние n (lúnnoje zatménije)

#### Related terms
##### Borrowed

* лунати́зм m (lunatízm)
* луна́тик m anim (lunátik)
* лунати́ческий (lunatíčeskij)

##### Native

* лоск m (losk)
* луч m (luč)
* лысый (lysyj)

### See also

* по́яс астеро́идов (pójas asteróidov, pójas astɛróidov, “asteroid belt / Asteroid Belt”)
* со́лнце (sólnce, “sun, phonetic respelling: со́нце(sónce)”)
* Со́лнце (Sólnce, “the Sun, phonetic respelling: Со́нце (Sónce)”)
* Мерку́рий (Merkúrij, “Mercury”)
* Вене́ра (Venéra, “Venus”)
* Земля́ (Zemljá, “Earth”)
* Марс (Mars, “Mars”)
* Юпи́тер (Jupíter, “Jupiter”)
* Сату́рн (Satúrn, “Saturn”)
* Ура́н (Urán, “Uranus”)
* Непту́н (Neptún, “Neptune”)
* Плуто́н (Plutón, “Pluto”)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “луна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “луна”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 495
* Shansky, N. M., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (1999), “луна”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), number 9 (Л), Moscow: Moscow University Press, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 188

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫʊˈna]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

луна́ • (luná) f inan (genitive луни́, uncountable)
* echo (reflected sound)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “луна”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “луна”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)