# قانون
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn). Treated as if from the root ق ن ن (q n n). Compare قَنَّنَ (qannana, “to legalise”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qaː.nuːn/

### Noun

قَانُون • (qānūn) m (plural قَوَانِين (qawānīn))
* (law) canon
* (religion) canon
    قانون الكتاب المقدس ― The Canon of the Bible
* axiom, norm, regulation, basic rule, established principle, canon
    الْقَانُون فِي الطِّبّ ― al-qānūn fī ṭ-ṭibb ― The Canon of Medicine
* statute, precept, ordinance
* law, code
* tax
* (music) qanun, kanoon, or ganoun (a musical instrument similar to a zither)

#### Synonyms

* (law): نَامُوس (nāmūs), شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa)

#### Derived terms

* قَانُونِيّ (qānūniyy)
* قَانُونِيَّة (qānūniyya)

#### Related terms

* قَنَّنَ (qannana)
** تَقْنِين (taqnīn)
** مُقَنِّن (muqannin)
** مُقَنَّن (muqannan)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: qanun
* → Azerbaijani: qanun
* → Bashkir: ҡанун (qanun)
* → Malay: kanun
* → Middle Armenian: ղանոն (ġanon)
* → Ottoman Turkish: قانون (see there for further descendants)
* → Persian: قانون (qânun) (see there for further descendants)
* → Swahili: ganuni
* → Turkmen: kanun
* → Uyghur: قانۇن (qanun)
* → Uzbek: qonun

## Brahui
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَانُون (qānūn), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

### Noun

قَانُون (qānūn)
* law

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic قَانُون (qānūn).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaː.nuːn/, [qaː.nuːn], [ɡaː.nuːn]

### Noun

قانون • (gānūn) m (plural قَوانين (gawānīn))
* law, code
* (music) qanun, kanoon, or ganoun (a musical instrument similar to a zither)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic قَانُون (qānūn), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

### Noun

قانون • (kanun) (accusative definite قانونی (kanunu), plural قوانین (kavanin) or قانونلر (kanunlar))
* law (of man, as distinct from the law of God)
* (music) qanun (a type of dulcimer)

#### Derived terms

* قانونجی (kanuncu, “lawmaker, legislator”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kanun
* → Albanian: kanun
** → English: kanun
* → Armenian: քանոն (kʻanon)
** → English: kanon
* → English: qanun

### References

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قانون”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 938
* Mallouf, Nassif (1867) “قانون”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 958
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قانون”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1425

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَانُون (qānūn), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qɑː.ˈnuːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑː.núːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑː.núːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɑː.núːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qɔː.nún]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qɒː.núːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qɔ.nún]

### Noun

قانون • (qânun) (plural قانون‌ها (qânun-hâ) or قوانین (qavânin))
* law
* statute
* rule

#### Derived terms

* قانونی (qânuni)
* قانون‌گذار (qânun-gozâr)
* قانون‌گذاری (qânun-gozâri)

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: কানুন (kanun)
* → Bengali: কানুন (kanun)
* → Gujarati: કાનૂન (kānūn)
* → Hindi: क़ानून (qānūn)
* → Northern Kurdish: qanûn
* → Central Kurdish: قانوون (qanûn)
* → Punjabi: ਕਨੂੰਨ (kanū̃nă)
* → Santali: ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱩᱱ (kănun)
* → Urdu: قانُون (qānūn)

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَانُون (qānūn), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qɑːnuːnʊ]

### Noun

قانون • (qānūnu) m (Devanagari क़ानूनु)
* law, rule

### References

* “قانون”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic قَانُون (qānūn).

### Noun

قانون • (qanūn, ʔanūn) m (plural قوانين (qawanīn, ʔwanīn))
* law, rule

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قانون (qānūn), from Arabic قَانُون (qānūn). Ultimately from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn). Cognate with English canon.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /qɑː.nuːn/
* Rhymes: -uːn
* Hyphenation: قا‧نُون

### Noun

قانُون • (qānūn) m (formal plural قوانین (qvānen), Hindi spelling क़ानून)
* law, rule, statute, ordinance

#### Related terms

* قانُونی (qānūnī)
* مُقَنِّنَہ (muqannina)