# borgen
## Danish
### Etymology 1

From borge (“to guarantee”) +‎ -en. Compare Old Norse borgan.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔrvən/; [ˈb̥ɒːwən, ˈb̥ɒˀwən]

#### Noun

borgen c
* (archaic) guarantee, warranty

### Etymology 2

See borg (“castle”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔrvən/, [ˈb̥ɒːˀwən]

#### Noun

borgen c
* definite singular of borg
* (slang) Christiansborg Palace (the Danish house of parliament)

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔrɣə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bor‧gen
* Rhymes: -ɔrɣən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch borgen. Equivalent to borg +‎ -en.

#### Verb

borgen
* (transitive) to secure, to keep safe
* (transitive) to guarantee
* (transitive, corporate jargon) to ensure the sustainability of a particular policy or procedure
* (transitive, now dialectal) to lend (especially of credit)
    Synonym: lenen
* (transitive, dated, dialectal) to borrow
    Synonym: lenen

##### Derived terms

* afborgen

##### Related terms

* bergen

##### Descendants

* → Aukan: bolugu
* → Sranan Tongo: borgu

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

borgen
* plural of borg

#### Verb

borgen
* inflection of bergen:
** plural past indicative
** (dated or formal) plural past subjunctive

## German
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle High German borgen, from Old High German borgēn, from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn. Cognate with English borrow.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔrɡən/, [ˈbɔʁ-], [ˈbɔɐ̯-], [ˈbɔː-], [-ɡən], [-ɡŋ̍]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bor‧gen

### Verb

borgen (weak, third-person singular present borgt, past tense borgte, past participle geborgt, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to borrow
* (transitive) to lend

#### Usage notes

* For the distinction between both senses see the notes at leihen. Borgen is generally interchangeable with the former, but is less frequent and slightly informal.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* ausborgen

### Further reading

* “borgen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “borgen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “borgen” in Duden online
* “borgen” in OpenThesaurus.de

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* borga

### Noun

borgen m or f
* definite masculine singular of borg

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną; akin to Old English borġian.

### Verb

borgēn
* to borrow

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: borgen
** German: borgen

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

borgen
* definite singular of borg

### Etymology 2

From Old Swedish borghæn, borghan, ultimately from the root of borga (“warrant”). Cognate of Icelandic borgan, Danish borgen.

#### Noun

borgen c
* (law) surety, security, guarantee (an undertaking to assume payment obligations for another person if that person is unable to pay themselves)
    gå i borgen för någon ― vouch for someone
* bail

##### Derived terms

* borgensman
* borgenär
* proprieborgen

##### Related terms

* borga

### References

* borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* borgen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* borgen in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
* borghan in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L