# 醬

| 醬 | U+91AC, &#37292; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91AC |
| ← 醫 [U+91AB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 醭 → [U+91AD] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 醬 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 醤 |
| Simplified | 酱 |

### Han character

醬 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+11, 18 strokes, cangjie input 女戈一金田 (VIMCW), four-corner 2760$_1$, composition ⿱將酉)

#### Related characters

* 醤 (Japanese extended shinjitai)
* 酱 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1287, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40011
* Dae Jaweon: page 1787, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3596, character 17
* Unihan data for U+91AC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 臧 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 牂 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 戕 | *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ |
| 贓 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 藏 | *zaːŋ, *zaːŋs |
| 奘 | *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs |
| 臟 | *zaːŋs |
| 將 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs |
| 漿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 鱂 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 蔣 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 螿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 槳 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 獎 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 醬 | *ʔsaŋs |
| 鏘 | *sʰaŋ |
| 蹡 | *sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs |
| 嶈 | *sʰaŋ |
| 斨 | *sʰaŋ |
| 爿 | *braːn, *zaŋ |
| 牆 | *zaŋ |
| 妝 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 莊 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 裝 | *ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs |
| 壯 | *ʔsraŋs |
| 疒 | *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ |
| 床 | *zraŋ |
| 牀 | *zraŋ |
| 狀 | *zraŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsaŋs): phonetic 將 (OC *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs) + semantic 酉 (“drink”).

### Etymology 1

Possibly from 漿 (OC *[ts]aŋ) with *-s suffix (cf. Baxter and Sagart's (2014) reconstruction).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jiàng (jiang$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiang$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): jiong$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chiong
    (Hailu, HRS): ziong$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): jiong$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): cio̿ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): cuóng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieo$^4$ / ziuⁿ$^4$ / zyong$^4$ / zyeng$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiùⁿ / chiòⁿ / chiàuⁿ / chiòng / chiàng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziên$^3$ / zion$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$cian
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): zian$^4$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): jian$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàng
*** Wade–Giles: chiang$^4$
*** Yale: jyàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jianq
*** Palladius: цзян (czjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: jiang$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giang
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zoeng$^3$
*** Yale: jeung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sœːŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: jiong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiong
*** Hakka Romanization System: jiong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jiong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯oŋ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziong$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sioŋ¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: jiong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡siɔŋ⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cio̿ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɔŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cuóng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suɔŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zieo$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ca̤̍uⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sieu⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ziuⁿ$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sĩũ⁴²/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zyong$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cio̤̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syɒŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zyeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syøŋ⁴²/
* zieo4/ziuⁿ4 - vernacular;
* zyong4/zyeng4 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsjangH
Rime :
| Character | 醬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子亮切 |
| Baxter | tsjangH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoeng$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]aŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 醬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjang$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]aŋ-s/ |
| English | sauce |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 醬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10295 |
| Phonetic component | 爿 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 醬 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsaŋs/ |

#### Definitions

醬
* sauce or paste made of fermented beans, flour, etc.
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
    Sè è, bù shí. Xìu è, bù shí. Shī rèn, bù shí. Bù shí, bù shí. Gē bùzhèng, bù shí. Bùdé qí jiàng, bù shí. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    豆瓣醬／豆瓣酱 ― dòubànjiàng ― fermented soybean paste
* thick sauce; jam
    花生醬／花生酱 ― huāshēngjiàng ― peanut butter
    魚子醬／鱼子酱 ― yúzǐjiàng ― caviar
* to cook in soy sauce
    醬香雞塊飯／酱香鸡块饭 ― jiàng xiāng jīkuài fàn ― Soy sauce chicken rice
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) Short for 花生醬.
    奶醬多／奶酱多 [Cantonese] ― naai$^5$ zoeng$^3$ do$^1$ [Jyutping] ― condensed milk and peanut butter toast

#### Compounds

* 加油添醬 / 加油添酱
* 卵醬 / 卵酱 (kūnjiàng)
* 敗醬 / 败酱
* 昏盆打醬 / 昏盆打酱
* 果子醬 / 果子酱 (guǒzijiàng)
* 果醬 / 果酱 (guǒjiàng)
* 柴米油鹽醬醋茶 / 柴米油盐酱醋茶 (chái mǐ yóu yán jiàng cù chá)
* 枸醬 / 枸酱 (jǔjiàng)
* 梅醬 / 梅酱
* 欖醬 / 榄酱
* 油鹽醬醋 / 油盐酱醋 (yóuyánjiàngcù)
* 炸醬 / 炸酱 (zhájiàng)
* 爛醬 / 烂酱
* 甜辣醬 / 甜辣酱
* 甜麵醬 / 甜面酱 (tiánmiànjiàng)
* 番茄醬 / 番茄酱 (fānqiéjiàng)
* 白醬 / 白酱
* 竘醬 / 竘酱
* 紅醬 / 红酱
* 老醬棚 / 老酱棚
* 肉醬 / 肉酱 (ròujiàng)
* 脯醬 / 脯酱
* 花生醬 / 花生酱 (huāshēngjiàng)
* 芝麻醬 / 芝麻酱 (zhīmajiàng)
* 菹醬 / 菹酱
* 蒟醬 / 蒟酱 (jǔjiàng)
* 蓋醬 / 盖酱
* 蚌醬 / 蚌酱
* 蚶醬 / 蚶酱
* 蛤黎醬 / 蛤黎酱
* 蝦醬 / 虾酱 (xiājiàng)
* 蟻子醬 / 蚁子酱
* 褐醬 / 褐酱
* 覆醬 / 覆酱
* 覆醬燒薪 / 覆酱烧薪
* 覆醬瓿 / 覆酱瓿
* 豆瓣醬 / 豆瓣酱 (dòubànjiàng)
* 豆醬 / 豆酱 (dòujiàng)
* 豆醬清 / 豆酱清
* 赤醬 / 赤酱
* 辣椒醬 / 辣椒酱 (làjiāojiàng)
* 辣瓣兒醬 / 辣瓣儿酱 (làbànrjiàng)
* 辣醬 / 辣酱 (làjiàng)
* 醢醬 / 醢酱
* 醬匠 / 酱匠
* 醬園 / 酱园 (jiàngyuán)
* 醬坊 / 酱坊 (jiàngfáng)
* 醬幕斗
* 醬排骨 / 酱排骨 (jiàngpáigǔ)
* 醬棚 / 酱棚
* 醬油 / 酱油 (jiàngyóu)
* 醬清 / 酱清 (jiàngqīng)
* 醬物 / 酱物
* 醬瓜 / 酱瓜 (jiàngguā)
* 醬瓜兒 / 酱瓜儿
* 醬瓣草 / 酱瓣草
* 醬瓿 / 酱瓿
* 醬甀 / 酱甀
* 醬糊缸 / 酱糊缸
* 醬紫 / 酱紫 (jiàngzǐ)
* 醬缸 / 酱缸 (jiànggāng)
* 醬肘子 / 酱肘子
* 醬色 / 酱色
* 醬菜 / 酱菜 (jiàngcài)
* 醬蒙 / 酱蒙
* 醬蝦 / 酱虾
* 醬豆 / 酱豆
* 醬豆腐 / 酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu)
* 醬赤 / 酱赤
* 醬鴨 / 酱鸭 (jiàngyā)
* 醬齊 / 酱齐
* 醯醬 / 醯酱
* 青醬 / 青酱 (qīngjiàng)
* 香蒜醬 / 香蒜酱
* 魚子醬 / 鱼子酱 (yúzǐjiàng)
* 魚醬 / 鱼酱
* 鮆醬 / 𫚖酱
* 鮓醬 / 鲊酱
* 鮚醬 / 鲒酱
* 鱟子醬 / 鲎子酱
* 鱟醬 / 鲎酱
* 鹽醬 / 盐酱
* 鹽醬口 / 盐酱口
* 麵醬 / 面酱
* 麻醬 / 麻酱 (májiàng)
* 黃醬 / 黄酱
* 黑醬油 / 黑酱油

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 醤(しょう) (shō)
* → Korean: 장(醬) (jang)
* → Vietnamese: tương (醬)
Others:
* → Tocharian B: tsyāṅk (“sauce”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese ちゃん (-chan).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàng (jiang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàng
*** Wade–Giles: chiang$^4$
*** Yale: jyàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jianq
*** Palladius: цзян (czjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

醬
* (ACG, Internet slang) -chan
    初音醬／初音酱 ― Chūyīn jiàng ― Hatsune Miku-chan

##### Coordinate terms

* 桑 (sāng, “-san”), 炭 (tàn, “-tan”), 君 (jūn, “-kun”), 樣／样 (yàng, “-sama”)

##### Compounds

* 歐尼醬 / 欧尼酱 (ōuníjiàng)

### Etymology 3

Contraction of 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng) (Zhao and Fang, 2015).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàng (jiang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàng
*** Wade–Giles: chiang$^4$
*** Yale: jyàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jianq
*** Palladius: цзян (czjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

醬 (Mandarin, colloquial, cute-sounding)
* (Taiwan, Malaysia or Internet slang) (in) this way
    就醬／就酱 ― jiù jiàng ― (Internet slang) that's it
    醬的天氣／酱的天气 [Malaysian Mandarin] ― jiàng de tiānqì [Pinyin] ― such weather
    不能醬！／不能酱！ [Malaysian Mandarin] ― Bùnéng jiàng! [Pinyin] ― [You] mustn't do it like this!
    From: 2019 April, 李蕙冰 (Lee Hwey Ping), 《苍岩露营记》, →ISBN
    “shì ‘zhèyàng’ la! Bùshì ‘jiàng’, wèi! Wǒmen bùyào jiàng jiǎnghuà liē! Jiàng jiǎnghuà dàjiā tīngbùdǒng la!” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Malaysia) then; in that case
       Jiàng wǒ yào...... Wǒ yào zuò me tā cái huì zhīdào jiàng a? [Pinyin]
       Then what… what should I do to make her know?
    Synonym: 那

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 如斯, 恁麼 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 如此 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 這麼, 這樣兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 這麼, 這樣, 這樣子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 這麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 這樣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 這樣, 這麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 這麼, 這樣 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 這麼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 這麼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 這樣兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 這們價 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 恁麼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 這麼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 這們家 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 這麼價 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 這們, 這麼, 這樣, 這個樣子, 這樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 這麼, 這, 這樣子, 這樣, 這個樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 仲個 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 陣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 哏子, 陣子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 這樣子, 這麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 這槓, 這槓子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 格樣子, 格架子, 格麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 這樣 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 噉樣, 噉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 噉樣, 噉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 咁 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 噉 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 呢樣 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 拱子 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 噉樣, 噉 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 講, 講樣 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 該樣 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 箇史, 箇所, 箇傘 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 恁呢, 恁樣, 恁樣仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 這樣 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 恁樣 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 恁呢 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 恁樣 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 恁泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 恁樣 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 恁 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 恁樣 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 恁樣 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 爾的 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 這麼 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 真個 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𱕇格式 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 總款 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 將款, 阿者 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 按呢, 按呢生 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 按呢, 按呢生 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 按呢 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 按呢, 按呢仔, 按呢生 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 只生 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 按呢, 按呢生 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 按呢 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 按呢款, 按呢 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 按呢 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 照生 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 只生 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 照生, 只生 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 照生 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 照生 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 照生 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 按呢, 按呢款, 照生 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 照生 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 偌體 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 即樣姿, 者樣姿 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 更 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿能, 搿能介, 搿個能, 搿能樣子, 迭能, 迭能介, 迭個能, 迭能樣子, 實能 dated, 實蓋 dated, 實個能 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 實其 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 該實梗, 該尚, 哀實梗, 哀尚, 實梗, 尚 |
| Wu | Danyang | 格種過, 根根 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 價套, 價, 實價套, 實價 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 格貌, 格貌介, 格相貌, 格相貌介 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 該恁, 恁 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 帳, 格生, 格亨 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 絞麼 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 咯樣 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 咯介 |

#### Compounds

* 醬子 / 酱子 (jiàngzi)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 醤 |
| Kyūjitai | 醬 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 醤)
* a kind of miso
* any jam-like or paste-like food

#### Readings

* Go-on: そう (sō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Kun: ひしお (hishio, 醬)

#### Compounds

* 醬(しょう)油(ゆ) (shōyu)

## Korean
### Hanja

醬 (eumhun 젓갈 장 (jeotgal jang))
* any jam-like or paste-like food

#### Compounds

* See the hangul entry at 장 (jang) for compounds of 醬.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

醬: Hán Việt readings: tương (子(tử)亮(lượng)切(thiết))
醬: Nôm readings: tương
* chữ Hán form of tương (“sauce”).

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* ↑ Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).