# 斡

| 斡 | U+65A1, &#26017; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65A1 |
| ← 斠 [U+65A0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 斢 → [U+65A2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

斡 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十十人卜十 (JJOYJ), four-corner 4844$_0$, composition ⿸龺⿱人斗)

#### Derived characters

* 濣

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 478, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13522
* Dae Jaweon: page 837, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2255, character 7
* Unihan data for U+65A1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 乾 | *kaːn, *ɡran |
| 漧 | *kaːn |
| 倝 | *kaːns |
| 榦 | *kaːns |
| 韓 | *ɡaːn |
| 鶾 | *ɡaːn |
| 翰 | *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 瀚 | *ɡaːns |
| 螒 | *ɡaːns |
| 雗 | *ɡaːns |
| 斡 | *qʷaːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʷaːd): phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 斗.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wò (wo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waat$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): vat
    (Hailu, HRS): vad
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): uah$^6$ / uoh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): oat / oa̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uêg$^4$ / uag$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wò
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wò
*** Wade–Giles: wo$^4$
*** Yale: wò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
*** Palladius: во (vo)
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waat$^3$
*** Yale: waat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vat
*** Hakka Romanization System: vad$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /vat̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: vad
*** Sinological IPA: /vat⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: uah$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: uah
*** Sinological IPA : /uaʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: uoh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /uoʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oat / oa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: uat / ua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oad, oat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uat̚⁵/, /uat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/
* oat - literary (“to turn; classifier; to safeguard”);
* oa̍t - vernacular (“to turn”).
* Middle Chinese: 'wat
Rime :
| Character | 斡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 末 (64) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏括切 |
| Baxter | 'wat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔuɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔuɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔwat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔuɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /uɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔuɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wut$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʷaːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 斡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3710 |
| Phonetic component | 倝 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 斡 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷaːd/ |

#### Definitions

斡
* to revolve; to spin; to rotate
* a surname, Wo
* (Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to change direction; to turn
* (Hokkien) Classifier for bends, curves or turns.
* (Hokkien) curved; crooked; bent
    彎彎斡斡／弯弯斡斡 [Hokkien] ― oan-oan-oat-oat [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― zigzagging; meandering
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 轉, 拐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 拐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 轉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 轉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 彎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 斡 |

#### Compounds

* 從中斡旋 / 从中斡旋
* 挑茶斡刺
* 掀天斡地
* 掠脂斡肉
* 斡旋 (wòxuán)
* 斡運 / 斡运
* 斡離不 / 斡离不
* 斡難河 / 斡难河
* 調三斡四 / 调三斡四
* 迴斡 / 回斡
* 達斡爾族 / 达斡尔族 (Dáwò'ěrzú)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 斡 – see 管 (“to take control of; to be in charge of”). (This character is a variant form of 管).

### References

* “斡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* go around
* rule
* administer

#### Readings

* Go-on: わち (wachi)
* Kan-on: わつ (watsu)
* Kan’yō-on: あつ (atsu)
* On: かん (kan)
* Kun: めぐる (meguru, 斡る)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 斡 (MC 'wat).
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᇙ〮 (Yale: qwalq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 알〮 (ál) (Yale: al) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 斡 (eumhun 돌 알 (dol al))
* hanja form of 알 (“spin”)

#### Compounds

* 알선 (斡旋, alseon)
* 알선죄 (斡旋罪, alseonjoe)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

斡: Hán Nôm readings: oát, quản
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation