# 珍珠
## Chinese

* 珍珠

### Etymology

Pearls were previously called 真珠 (zhēnzhū, “true pearls”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhēnzhū
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җынҗў (žɨnžw, I-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zan$^1$ zyu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂n-chû
    (Meixian, Guangdong): jin$^1$ zu$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĭng-ciŏ / cĭng-ciŏ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chin-chu / tin-chu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): diang$^1$ zu$^1$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$tsen-tsy$_1$ / $^1$tsen-tsyu$_1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhū
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhu
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$-chu$^1$
*** Yale: jēn-jū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenju
*** Palladius: чжэньчжу (čžɛnʹčžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җынҗў (žɨnžw, I-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴ ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^1$ zyu$^1$
*** Yale: jān jyū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^1$ dzy$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^1$ ju$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn⁵⁵ t͡syː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂n-chû
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin$^ˊ$ zu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^1$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: jin$^1$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sin⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭng-ciŏ / cĭng-ciŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒuo⁵⁵/, /t͡siŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒuo⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin-chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsin-tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cinzw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³ t͡su³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin-chu
*** Tâi-lô: tin-tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dinzw
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³ t͡su³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: diang$^1$ zu$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiang tsu
*** Sinological IPA : /tiaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡su³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen-tsy$_1$
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$ tsy$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen-tsr$_1$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen-tsyu$_1$
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$ tsyu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sən⁴⁴ t͡sz̩ʷ/
* Middle Chinese: trin tsyu
Rime :
| Character | 珍 | 珠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 陟鄰切 | 章俱切 |
| Baxter | trin | tsyu |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈˠiɪn/ | /t͡ɕɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈᵚin/ | /t͡ɕio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶien/ | /t͡ɕio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈjin/ | /cuə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶjĕn/ | /t͡ɕio/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶǐĕn/ | /t͡ɕĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯ĕn/ | /t͡ɕi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēn | zhū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^1$ | zyu$^1$ |

### Noun

珍珠
* pearl (gem) (Classifier: 粒; 顆／颗 m)
* tapioca pearl (Classifier: 粒; 顆／颗 m)
* (figurative) tear; teardrop

#### Synonyms

* (pearl):
* 明珠 (míngzhū) (shiny pearl)
* 珠仔 (Hakka)
* 珠子 (zhūzi)
* 珠璣 / 珠玑 (zhūjī)

#### Derived terms

* 珍珠奶茶 (zhēnzhū nǎichá)
* 珍珠岩
* 珍珠母 (zhēnzhūmǔ)
* 珍珠港 (Zhēnzhūgǎng)
* 珍珠粉 (zhēnzhūfěn)
* 珍珠草
* 珍珠菜 (zhēnzhūcài)
* 珍珠貝 / 珍珠贝
* 珍珠霜 (zhēnzhūshuāng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 真珠(しんじゅ) (shinju)
* → Korean: 진주(眞珠, 珍珠)
* → Vietnamese: trân châu (真珠, 珍珠) (see there for further descendants)
Others:
* → Proto-Common Turkic: *yinǯü
** Old Turkic: 𐰘𐰃𐰨𐰇 (y²inčü)
** Kipchak:
*** North Kipchak:
**** Bashkir: ынйы (ınyı)
**** Tatar: энҗе (ence)
*** West Kipchak:
**** Crimean Tatar: inci
**** Karachay-Balkar: инджи (inci)
**** Karaim:
    Latin script: in'dži
    Cyrillic script: иньджи
**** Kumyk: инжи (inji)
*** South Kipchak:
**** Kazakh: інжу (ınju)
**** Nogai: ынжы (ınjı)
*** East Kipchak:
**** Kyrgyz: инжу (inju)
**** Southern Altai: јинји (ǰinǰi), инји (inǰi)
** Proto-Oghuz:
*** Old Anatolian Turkish:
**** Azerbaijani: inci
**** Ottoman Turkish: اینجو (inci, incü)
***** Turkish: inci
**** → Old East Slavic: инчи (inči)
*** Turkmen: hünji
** Siberian Turkic:
*** Khakas: нинӌі (nincì)
*** Northern Altai: чиндьи (čindʹi), чинъчи (činʺči), чинче (činče)
*** Old Uyghur: 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽳 (yinčü)
**** Western Yugur: unžo
*** Shor: ненчи
*** Tofa: ниньҷи
*** Tuvan: чинжи (çinji)
** Karluk:
*** Uyghur: ئۇنجە (unje), ئۇنجى (unji), ئىنجۇ (inju)
*** Uzbek: inju
** → Bulgar: *ǯinǯü
*** Chuvash: ӗнчӗ (ĕnč̬ĕ)
*** → Old Hungarian: *dzsindzsü
**** Hungarian: gyöngy
**** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ђинђуха, ђинђува
    Latin script: đinđuha, đinđuva
**** →⇒ Ukrainian: дженджеру́ха (džendžerúxa)
*** → Old East Slavic: жьньчюгъ (žĭnĭčjugŭ), жьмьчюгъ (žĭmĭčjugŭ) (see there for further descendants)
** → Classical Mongolian: ᠵᠢᠨᠵᠦᠦ (ǰinǰüü)
*** Mongolian: жинжүү (žinžüü)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 珍 | 珠 |
| ちん Grade: S | じゅ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Proper noun

珍(ちん)珠(じゅ) • (Chinju)
* a surname

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 珍 | 珠 |

### Noun

珍珠 • (jinju) (hangeul 진주)
* hanja form of 진주 (“pearl”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 珍 | 珠 |

### Noun

珍珠
* chữ Hán form of trân châu (“pearl”).