# lava
## English
### Etymology

From Italian, from Neapolitan and Sicilian lava (“lava”, but also “downpour overflowing the streets”). Likely in the sense of “landslide, torrent” from Latin labes (“fall”), compare labina (“avalanche, landslide”). A supposed relation with lavare (“to wash”) is now widely discredited. Neither is there probably any relation with Arabic لابة (lāba, “black volcanic rock”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Pronunciation

* (US, UK) enPR: läʹvə, IPA: /ˈlɑːvə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* (Canada) IPA: /ˈlɑːvə/, /ˈlævə/
* Homophones: larva (non-rhotic), lather (Cockney)
* Rhymes: -ɑːvə

### Noun

lava (countable and uncountable, plural lavas)
* The molten rock ejected by a volcano from its crater or fissured sides; magma that has breached the surface of the earth.
** 1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, page 44:Marine iguanas line the shores of the islands, and are usually seen sprawled over lava rocks near the sea.
* (informal, proscribed) Magma.
* A shade of red, named after the volcanic lava.
    lava:

#### Usage notes

* Geologists make a distinction between magma (molten rock underground) and lava (molten rock on the surface).

#### Hyponyms

* cryolava, pillow lava

#### Derived terms

* fat lava
* hot lava
* lava bear
* lava bomb
* lava bread
* lava cake
* lava cone
* lava dome
* lava field
* lava flow
* lava lake
* lava lamp
* lava-like
* lava millstone
* lava sledding
* lava tube
* lava ware
* molten lava cake
* the floor is lava

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### See also

* aa
* lavalava
* pahoehoe

### Anagrams

* Alva, Vaal, aval

## Albanian
### Verb

lava
* first-person singular aorist of laj

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

lava (definite accusative lavanı, plural lavalar)
* lava

#### Declension
### References

* “lava” in Obastan.com.

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈla.βə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈla.və]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈla.va]

### Noun

lava f (plural laves)
* lava

### Further reading

* “lava” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Italian lava.

### Noun

lava
* lava

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lava.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlava]

### Noun

lava f
* (dialectal) Alternative form of lavice (“bench”)

#### Related terms

* lavice
* lávka

### Further reading

* “lava”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lava”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian lava.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaː.vaː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: la‧va
* Rhymes: -aːvaː

### Noun

lava c (uncountable)
* lava

#### Derived terms

* lavalamp
* lavasteen
* lavastroom

### References

* van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “lava”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
* “lava” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

## Estonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lava, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lā́ˀwāˀ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɑvɑ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑvɑ
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Noun

lava (genitive lava, partitive lava)
* stage

#### Declension
### Further reading

* lava in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “lava”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lava (compare Estonian lava, Livonian lovā, Veps lava), borrowed from Proto-Baltic *lā́ˀwāˀ (compare Latvian lāva, Lithuanian lova).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɑʋɑ/, [ˈlɑ̝ʋɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑʋɑ
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Noun

lava
* platform; podium (a flat, raised surface)
    Synonyms: koroke, (rare) estradi
* bed (platform of a truck or other vehicle that supports the load)
* stage (in a theatre, a concert hall or such)
    Synonyms: estradi, näyttämö
* Clipping of tanssilava.
* plant bed, raised bed (raised, framed platform for planting)
    Synonym: kasvilava
* pallet (transport pallet, also as a unit)
    Synonym: kuormalava
* (colloquial) case (pack of usually 24 cans of beer or other drink)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of lava (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lavani
lavani
accusative
nom.
lavani
lavani
gen.
lavani
genitive
lavani
lavojeni lavaini $^{rare}$
partitive
lavaani
lavojani
inessive
lavassani
lavoissani
elative
lavastani
lavoistani
illative
lavaani
lavoihini
adessive
lavallani
lavoillani
ablative
lavaltani
lavoiltani
allative
lavalleni
lavoilleni
essive
lavanani
lavoinani
translative
lavakseni
lavoikseni
abessive
lavattani
lavoittani
instructive
comitative
—lavoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lavasi
lavasi
accusative
nom.
lavasi
lavasi
gen.
lavasi
genitive
lavasi
lavojesi lavaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
lavaasi
lavojasi
inessive
lavassasi
lavoissasi
elative
lavastasi
lavoistasi
illative
lavaasi
lavoihisi
adessive
lavallasi
lavoillasi
ablative
lavaltasi
lavoiltasi
allative
lavallesi
lavoillesi
essive
lavanasi
lavoinasi
translative
lavaksesi
lavoiksesi
abessive
lavattasi
lavoittasi
instructive
comitative
—lavoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lavamme
lavamme
accusative
nom.
lavamme
lavamme
gen.
lavamme
genitive
lavamme
lavojemme lavaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
lavaamme
lavojamme
inessive
lavassamme
lavoissamme
elative
lavastamme
lavoistamme
illative
lavaamme
lavoihimme
adessive
lavallamme
lavoillamme
ablative
lavaltamme
lavoiltamme
allative
lavallemme
lavoillemme
essive
lavanamme
lavoinamme
translative
lavaksemme
lavoiksemme
abessive
lavattamme
lavoittamme
instructive
comitative
—lavoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lavanne
lavanne
accusative
nom.
lavanne
lavanne
gen.
lavanne
genitive
lavanne
lavojenne lavainne $^{rare}$
partitive
lavaanne
lavojanne
inessive
lavassanne
lavoissanne
elative
lavastanne
lavoistanne
illative
lavaanne
lavoihinne
adessive
lavallanne
lavoillanne
ablative
lavaltanne
lavoiltanne
allative
lavallenne
lavoillenne
essive
lavananne
lavoinanne
translative
lavaksenne
lavoiksenne
abessive
lavattanne
lavoittanne
instructive
comitative
—lavoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lavansa
lavansa
accusative
nom.
lavansa
lavansa
gen.
lavansa
genitive
lavansa
lavojensa lavainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
lavaansa
lavojaan lavojansa
inessive
lavassaan lavassansa
lavoissaan lavoissansa
elative
lavastaan lavastansa
lavoistaan lavoistansa
illative
lavaansa
lavoihinsa
adessive
lavallaan lavallansa
lavoillaan lavoillansa
ablative
lavaltaan lavaltansa
lavoiltaan lavoiltansa
allative
lavalleen lavallensa
lavoilleen lavoillensa
essive
lavanaan lavanansa
lavoinaan lavoinansa
translative
lavakseen lavaksensa
lavoikseen lavoiksensa
abessive
lavattaan lavattansa
lavoittaan lavoittansa
instructive
comitative
—lavoineen lavoinensa :

#### Derived terms

* -lavainen
* lavallinen
* lavastaa (through Estonian)
* lavo
* ampumalava
* avolava
* esiintymislava
* eurolava
* hakelava
* hirttolava
* häkkilava
* itiölava
* jätelava
* kaatolava
* kasvilava
* kiintolava
* kippilava
* konserttilava
* kukkalava
* kuormalava
* kurkkulava
* kylmälava
* kääntölava
* laatikkolava
* laululava
* lava-auto
* lavakarisma
* lavakomedia
* lavakomiikka
* lavakoomikko
* lavakuorma-auto
* lavakurkku
* lavansiirtovaunu
* lavantauti (possibly)
* lavashow
* lavasukellus
* lavasänky
* lavasäteily
* lavatanssi
* lavaviljely
* lintulava
* lähtölava
* lämpölava
* maitolava
* makuulava
* mestauslava
* metsästyslava
* nostolava
* näytöslava
* oopperalava
* puhujalava
* romulava
* roskalava
* rullalava
* saksilava
* siirtolava
* soittolava
* taimilava
* tanssilava
* teatterilava
* vaihtolava

### Further reading

* “lava”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* vala

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

lava
* third-person singular past historic of laver

### Anagrams

* aval

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaba/ [ˈla.β̞ɐ]
* Rhymes: -aba
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

lava f (plural lavas)
* lava

#### Further reading

* “lava”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

lava
* inflection of lavar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch lava, from Neapolitan lava (“lava”, but also “downpour overflowing the streets”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈla.va/
* Rhymes: -va, -a
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Noun

lava (plural lava-lava)
* (geology) lava: the molten rock ejected by a volcano (hence on the surface) from its crater or fissured sides.

#### Derived terms

* lava pijar

### Further reading

* “lava” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lava. Cognates include Finnish lava and Estonian lava.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈlɑʋɑ/, [ˈɫɑʋɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈlɑʋɑ/, [ˈɫɑʋɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑʋɑ
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Noun

lava
* banya bench
* raised bed
* foundation of a stove
* A layer of dried branches or cones which are put under a haystack to prevent it from decaying. (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)

#### Derived terms

* taimilava

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 254

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈla.va/
* Rhymes: -ava
* Hyphenation: là‧va

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

lava f (plural lave)
* lava

##### Related terms

* lavico

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

lava
* inflection of lavare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Neapolitan lava or Italian lava.

#### Noun

lava f (genitive lavae); first declension
* (New Latin) lava
    Synonym: rhyax

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

lavā
* second-person singular present active imperative of lavō

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Italian lava (Neapolitan dialect).

#### Noun

lava m (definite singular lavaen, indefinite plural lavaer, definite plural lavaene)
* (geology) lava

##### Derived terms

* lavastrøm

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* lavene

#### Noun

lava m or n
* definite neuter plural of lav

### References

* “lava” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Italian lava (Neapolitan dialect).

#### Noun

lava m (definite singular lavaen, indefinite plural lavaer, definite plural lavaene)
* (geology) lava

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

lava n
* definite plural of lav

### References

* “lava” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.vɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.vɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.va/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈla.vɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈla.vɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈla.bɐ/ [ˈla.βɐ]
* Rhymes: -avɐ, (Northern Portugal) -abɐ
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Etymology 1

From Neapolitan lava (“a torrent of rain which washed the streets”). Likely in the sense of “landslide, torrent” from Latin labes (“fall”), compare labina (“avalanche, landslide”).

#### Noun

lava f (plural lavas)
* lava (melted rock)

##### Related terms

* magma

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

lava
* inflection of lavar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlava]

### Noun

lava f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of lavă

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

láva f (Cyrillic spelling ла́ва)
* (geology) lava

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaba/ [ˈla.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -aba
* Syllabification: la‧va

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Neapolitan lava (“lava”) Likely in the sense of “landslide, torrent” from Latin labes (“fall”), compare labina (“avalanche, landslide”).

#### Noun

lava f (uncountable)
* lava

##### Derived terms

* lámpara de lava

### Etymology 2

Deverbal of lavar.

#### Noun

lava f (uncountable)
* washing

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

lava
* inflection of lavar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “lava”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English larva.

#### Noun

lava class IX (plural lava class X)
* larva
    Synonym: bombwe

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English lava.

#### Noun

lava class IX (plural lava class X)
* lava
    Synonym: zaha

## Swedish
### Noun

lava c
* lava

#### Derived terms

* lavalampa

### Anagrams

* Alva

## Tokelauan
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *lawa. Cognates include Hawaiian lawa and Samoan lava.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈla.va]
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Verb

lava
* (stative) to be enough

### Particle

lava
* Expresses exclusiveness of the preceding word; just, only
* Intensifies the preceding word; just (the same), right (now)
* Forms a reflexive from the preceding personal pronoun; -self

### References

* R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎, Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 181

## Tsonga
### Verb

lava
* to want

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lava.

### Noun

lava
* floor
* platform

#### Inflection
### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “площадка, пол, помост”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

## Votic
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lava.

### Pronunciation

* (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA: /ˈlɑvɑ/, [ˈɫɑvɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑvɑ
* Hyphenation: la‧va

### Noun

lava
* sauna bench
* plant bed

#### Inflection
### References

* Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “lava”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn