# 酒

| 酒 | U+9152, &#37202; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9152 |
| ← 酑 [U+9151] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 酓 → [U+9153] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酒 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水一金田 (EMCW), four-corner 3116$_0$, composition ⿰氵酉)

#### Derived characters

* 鿐(䲤), 𭳒, 𤄍, 𦵩, 𬜂, 𫇓, 𭊼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1281, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39776
* Dae Jaweon: page 1779, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3574, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9152

## Chinese

* 酒 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 酒 (Cantonese)
* 酒 (Classical)
* 酒 (Gan)
* ciū (Eastern Min)
* chiú (Southern Min)
* 酒 (Wu)

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 酒
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 楢 | *kʰjuʔ, *lu |
| 逎 | *ʔslu |
| 遒 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
| 蝤 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
| 揂 | *sklu |
| 酒 | *ʔsluʔ |
| 媨 | *sklus |
| 鞧 | *skʰlu |
| 緧 | *skʰlu |
| 趥 | *skʰlu, *skʰluŋs |
| 酋 | *sɡlu |
| 崷 | *sɡlu |
| 鰌 | *sɡlu |
| 煪 | *sɡlu |
| 醜 | *l̥ʰjuʔ |
| 猶 | *klus, *lu, *lus |
| 猷 | *lu |
| 輶 | *lu, *luʔ, *lus |
| 偤 | *lu |
| 莤 | *lu, *sruɡ |
| 蕕 | *lu |
| 庮 | *lu, *luʔ |
| 槱 | *luʔ, *lus |
| 梄 | *luʔ |
| 丣 | *luʔ |
| 酉 | *luʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 水 (“water”) + 酉 (“an alcoholic drink vessel”) - the liquid associated with an alcoholic drink vessel, hence wine and alcohol. See also 酋.
Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsluʔ): semantic 水 (“water, liquid”) + phonetic 酉 (OC *luʔ).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *jəw (“liquor”) (STEDT). Cognate with 酉 (OC *luʔ, “wine; wine vessel”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jiǔ (jiu$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄡˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jiu$^3$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jiù
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): jiǔ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җю (ži͡u, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zau$^2$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zaau$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): diu$^2$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): zau$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): jiu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chiú
    (Hailu, HRS): ziu$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): jiu$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jiou$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ciǔ
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciū
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ziu$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziu$^2$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jiu$^2$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zau$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^5$cieu / $^5$tsy / $^3$tseu / $^3$cieu / $^3$tsieu / $^3$tsiou
** (Jinhua): $^3$tsieu
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): ziou$^3$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): ziou$^3$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): jiu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǒu
*** Wade–Giles: chiu$^3$
*** Yale: jyǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeou
*** Palladius: цзю (czju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: jiu$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: giu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiəu⁵³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: jiù
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiɤu⁵³/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: jiǔ
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): jiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiəɯ¹¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җю (ži͡u, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiou⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^2$
*** Yale: jáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: zaau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sau³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: diu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tiu⁵⁵/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: zau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ʃɐu²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: jiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiú
*** Hakka Romanization System: jiu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯u³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡siu²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: jiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡siu³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jiou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəu⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siu²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciū
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sieu³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ziu$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ciû
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siu⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ziu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siu³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiú
*** Tâi-lô: tsiú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciuo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siu⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiú
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siu⁵²/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: jiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡siu³¹/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: zau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡səu³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$cieu
*** MiniDict: cieu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$jieu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɤ³⁴/
** (Northern: Jiading)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsy
*** MiniDict: tsy$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sz̩³⁴/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tseu
*** MiniDict: tseu$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡søy⁵¹/
** (Northern: Chongming, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^3$cieu
*** MiniDict: cieu$^上$
*** MiniDict: ciu$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕiɵ⁴²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡ɕiəu⁴³³/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕiø⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕiɤ³³⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕiʏ³²⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕiu³⁵/
** (Northern: Songjiang)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tsieu
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡siɯ⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Changzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tsiou
*** MiniDict: tsiou$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡siɤɯ⁴⁵/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^3$tsieu
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡siu⁵³⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ziou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡si̯əu̯⁴¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯əu̯⁴¹/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: ziou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si̯ʊ⁴²/
** (Hengyang)
*** Wiktionary: jiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯u³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 酒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子酉切 |
| Baxter | tsjuwX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡suw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsuʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsluʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 酒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tsuʔ/ |
| English | wine |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15554 |
| Phonetic component | 酉 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 酒 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsluʔ/ |

### Definitions

酒
* alcoholic beverages in general; alcoholic drink
       Nǐ gànmá bù hē diǎn jiǔ? [Pinyin]
       How come you don't wanna have a sip of alcohol?
* (Cantonese) banquet (Classifier: 圍／围 c)
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 酒 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 酒, 貓兒膩, 貓兒尿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 酒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 酒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 酒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 酒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 酒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 酒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 酒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 酒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 酒, 尼姑尿 derogatory |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 酒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 酒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 酒, 老酒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 酒, 三六子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 酒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 酒, 燒酒, 傻仔水 humorous, 倒汗水 humorous |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 酒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 燒酒, 燒有 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 酒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 酒 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 酒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 酒 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 酒 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 酒, 傻仔水 humorous |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 酒 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 酒 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 酒 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 酒 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 酒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 酒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 酒, 貓兒尿 |
| Jin | Linhe | 酒 |
| Jin | Jining | 酒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 酒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 酒 |
| Jin | Handan | 酒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 酒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 酒 GT, 燒酒 GT |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 酒 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 酒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 酒 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 酒, 三酉 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 酒, 老酒 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 老酒 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 酒, 老酒 |
| Wu | Danyang | 老酒 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 酒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 老酒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 酒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 酒, 三點水兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 酒 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 酒 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 酒 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

### Compounds

* 三兩半藥酒 / 三两半药酒
* 下酒 (xiàjiǔ)
* 三酒
* 下酒物
* 下酒菜 (xiàjiǔcài)
* 三鞭酒 (sānbiānjiǔ)
* 不勝酒力 / 不胜酒力 (bùshèng jiǔlì)
* 中酒
* 乘酒
* 乞漿得酒 / 乞浆得酒
* 五路酒
* 交杯酒 (jiāobēijiǔ)
* 使酒 (shǐjiǔ)
* 借酒澆愁 / 借酒浇愁 (jièjiǔjiāochóu)
* 傷酒 / 伤酒
* 劉伶病酒 / 刘伶病酒
* 劣酒
* 勸酒 / 劝酒 (quànjiǔ)
* 千日酒
* 南酒
* 卯後酒 / 卯后酒
* 卯酒
* 卮酒
* 吃喜酒
* 吃寡酒
* 同志酒吧
* 吃花酒
* 名酒
* 吃酒 (chījiǔ)
* 吞花臥酒 / 吞花卧酒
* 品酒 (pǐnjiǔ)
* 品酒師 / 品酒师
* 啞酒 / 哑酒
* 唾酒
* 啤酒 (píjiǔ)
* 啤酒屋
* 啤酒花 (píjiǔhuā)
* 喝啞吧酒 / 喝哑吧酒
* 喝喜酒
* 喝寡酒
* 喫淡酒 / 吃淡酒
* 喜酒 (xǐjiǔ)
* 嗜酒 (shìjiǔ)
* 國公酒 / 国公酒 (guógōngjiǔ)
* 堆花燒酒 / 堆花烧酒
* 塔非亞酒 / 塔非亚酒
* 墦間酒肉 / 墦间酒肉
* 壓酒 / 压酒
* 壓酒囊 / 压酒囊
* 壽酒 / 寿酒 (shòujiǔ)
* 大羹玄酒
* 太白酒星
* 奉酒
* 奠酒 (diànjiǔ)
* 女兒酒 / 女儿酒
* 女貞酒 / 女贞酒
* 女酒
* 奶子酒 (nǎizijiǔ)
* 奶酒 (nǎijiǔ)
* 好酒
* 好酒好肉
* 婪尾酒
* 官酒
* 家家酒 (jiājiājiǔ)
* 害酒
* 宿酒
* 寡酒
* 封缸酒
* 將進酒 / 将进酒
* 對酒當歌 / 对酒当歌
* 小酒 (xiǎojiǔ)
* 屠蘇酒 / 屠苏酒
* 山簡醉酒 / 山简醉酒
* 強酒 / 强酒
* 彌月酒 / 弥月酒 (míyuèjiǔ)
* 悶酒 / 闷酒 (mènjiǔ)
* 惡醉強酒 / 恶醉强酒
* 戀酒貪杯 / 恋酒贪杯
* 戀酒貪色 / 恋酒贪色
* 戀酒貪花 / 恋酒贪花
* 戀酒迷花 / 恋酒迷花
* 戒酒 (jièjiǔ)
* 打酒 (dǎjiǔ)
* 打酒坐
* 扮家家酒
* 投腦酒 / 投脑酒
* 投酒
* 把酒 (bǎjiǔ)
* 扶頭酒 / 扶头酒
* 拂塵酒 / 拂尘酒
* 按酒
* 搪酒吃
* 撒酒風 / 撒酒风
* 擔酒牽羊 / 担酒牵羊
* 擺酒 / 摆酒 (bǎijiǔ)
* 敬酒 (jìngjiǔ)
* 斗酒 (dǒujiǔ)
* 斗酒學士
* 斗酒百篇
* 斗酒隻雞 / 斗酒只鸡
* 料酒 (liàojiǔ)
* 斟酒 (zhēnjiǔ)
* 新瓶舊酒 / 新瓶旧酒 (xīnpíngjiùjiǔ)
* 新豐酒 / 新丰酒
* 斷酒 / 断酒
* 旨酒
* 旨酒嘉肴
* 昔酒
* 春酒
* 暖酒
* 有酒
* 朋酒
* 村務酒 / 村务酒
* 果子酒 (guǒzijiǔ)
* 杯酒戈矛
* 柏酒
* 柑香酒
* 桂花酒 (guìhuājiǔ)
* 桂花陳酒 / 桂花陈酒 (guìhuā chénjiǔ)
* 桑落酒
* 案酒
* 桂酒
* 梅酒 (méijiǔ)
* 椒酒
* 橘酒
* 樽酒論文 / 樽酒论文
* 止酒
* 殘酒 / 残酒 (cánjiǔ)
* 殢酒 / 𣨼酒
* 毒酒
* 水果酒 (shuǐguǒjiǔ)
* 水酒
* 永別酒 / 永别酒
* 求漿得酒 / 求浆得酒
* 江米酒 (jiāngmǐjiǔ)
* 汾酒 (fénjiǔ)
* 汽酒 (qìjiǔ)
* 汲酒
* 波特酒
* 泥酒
* 沽酒
* 法酒
* 治酒
* 沽酒當爐 / 沽酒当炉
* 泥頭酒 / 泥头酒
* 洋酒 (yángjiǔ)
* 浮沉酒醆 / 浮沉酒盏
* 清酒 (qīngjiǔ)
* 渾酒 / 浑酒
* 溫酒 / 温酒 (wēnjiǔ)
* 滿月酒 / 满月酒 (mǎnyuèjiǔ)
* 滴酒不沾 (dījiǔbùzhān)
* 滴酒不飲 / 滴酒不饮
* 漿酒藿肉 / 浆酒藿肉
* 漿酒霍肉 / 浆酒霍肉
* 濁酒 / 浊酒 (zhuójiǔ)
* 濁酒粗食 / 浊酒粗食 (zhuójiǔ cūshí)
* 瀝酒 / 沥酒 (lìjiǔ)
* 灌酒
* 火酒 (huǒjiǔ)
* 炙雞漬酒 / 炙鸡渍酒
* 烏梅酒 / 乌梅酒
* 烈酒 (lièjiǔ)
* 煮酒
* 蒸餾酒 / 蒸馏酒 (zhēngliújiǔ)
* 燕市酒人
* 燈紅酒綠 / 灯红酒绿 (dēnghóngjiǔlǜ)
* 燒酒 / 烧酒 (shāojiǔ)
* 燙酒 / 烫酒
* 牽羊擔酒 / 牵羊担酒
* 犧牲酒醴 / 牺牲酒醴
* 玄酒
* 玉酒
* 琴酒 (qínjiǔ)
* 生啤酒 (shēngpíjiǔ)
* 發酒瘋 / 发酒疯 (fā jiǔfēng)
* 發酒風 / 发酒风
* 白葡萄酒 (báipútáojiǔ)
* 白衣送酒
* 白酒 (báijiǔ)
* 百花酒
* 盪酒 / 荡酒
* 看酒
* 砵酒 (bōjiǔ)
* 碘酒 (diǎnjiǔ)
* 祭酒 (jìjiǔ)
* 禁酒 (jìnjiǔ)
* 福酒
* 私酒
* 秫酒
* 篩酒 / 筛酒
* 米酒 (mǐjiǔ)
* 米酒頭 / 米酒头
* 糊湯米酒 / 糊汤米酒 (hútāngmǐjiǔ)
* 紅燈綠酒 / 红灯绿酒
* 紅葡萄酒 / 红葡萄酒 (hóngpútáojiǔ)
* 紅酒 / 红酒 (hóngjiǔ)
* 紅露酒 / 红露酒
* 素酒
* 紹興酒 / 绍兴酒 (Shàoxīngjiǔ)
* 綽酒座 / 绰酒座
* 縱情酒色 / 纵情酒色
* 縮酒 / 缩酒
* 縱酒 / 纵酒 (zòngjiǔ)
* 缸面酒
* 置酒 (zhìjiǔ)
* 罰酒 / 罚酒 (fájiǔ)
* 羊羔酒
* 羊酒
* 美酒 (měijiǔ)
* 美酒佳肴
* 羔兒酒 / 羔儿酒
* 羔酒自勞 / 羔酒自劳
* 老酒 (lǎojiǔ)
* 耽花戀酒 / 耽花恋酒
* 耽酒
* 聖酒 / 圣酒
* 肉山酒海
* 肯酒
* 胡蜂酒 (húfēngjiǔ)
* 腐酒
* 臘酒 / 腊酒 (làjiǔ)
* 舉酒 / 举酒 (jǔjiǔ)
* 舉酒作樂 / 举酒作乐
* 舊瓶新酒 / 旧瓶新酒
* 舒筋活絡酒 / 舒筋活络酒
* 花天酒地 (huātiānjiǔdì)
* 花酒 (huājiǔ)
* 花魔酒病
* 茅柴酒
* 茅臺酒 / 茅台酒 (Máotáijiǔ)
* 茶紅酒禮 / 茶红酒礼
* 茶酒 (chájiǔ)
* 茶餘酒後 / 茶余酒后 (cháyújiǔhòu)
* 萊姆酒 / 莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ)
* 菊花酒
* 菖蒲酒
* 菸酒 / 烟酒 (yānjiǔ)
* 菸酒稅 / 烟酒税
* 葛巾漉酒
* 葡萄酒 (pútáojiǔ)
* 蔗酒
* 薦酒 / 荐酒
* 藥酒 / 药酒 (yàojiǔ)
* 蘭姆酒 / 兰姆酒 (lánmǔjiǔ)
* 蘭陵酒 / 兰陵酒
* 虎骨酒
* 蜜酒
* 行酒 (xíngjiǔ)
* 行酒令 (xíng jiǔlìng)
* 被酒
* 解酒 (jiějiǔ)
* 詩朋酒侶 / 诗朋酒侣
* 詩朋酒友 / 诗朋酒友
* 詩酒朋儕 / 诗酒朋侪
* 調酒 / 调酒 (tiáojiǔ)
* 變性酒精 / 变性酒精
* 貂裘換酒 / 貂裘换酒
* 貪花戀酒 / 贪花恋酒
* 貪酒 / 贪酒 (tānjiǔ)
* 貴妃醉酒 / 贵妃醉酒
* 貰酒 / 贳酒
* 載酒 / 载酒
* 載酒問字 / 载酒问字
* 辦酒席 / 办酒席
* 進酒 / 进酒 (jìnjiǔ)
* 進酒作樂 / 进酒作乐 (jìnjiǔzuòlè)
* 過酒 / 过酒
* 鄉飲酒禮 / 乡饮酒礼
* 酒中仙
* 酒中趣
* 酒人
* 酒介齊眉 / 酒介齐眉
* 酒令 (jiǔlìng)
* 酒仙 (jiǔxiān)
* 酒令兒 / 酒令儿
* 酒保 (jiǔbǎo)
* 酒入舌出
* 酒八仙人
* 酒具 (jiǔjù)
* 酒刺 (jiǔcì)
* 酒力 (jiǔlì)
* 酒勁 / 酒劲 (jiǔjìn)
* 酒勁兒 / 酒劲儿 (jiǔjìnr)
* 酒務 / 酒务
* 酒化酶
* 酒博士
* 酒友 (jiǔyǒu)
* 酒吧 (jiǔbā)
* 酒吧女
* 酒吧間 / 酒吧间 (jiǔbājiān)
* 酒喻聖賢 / 酒喻圣贤
* 酒器 (jiǔqì)
* 酒囊飯袋 / 酒囊饭袋
* 酒困
* 酒地花天
* 酒坐 (jiǔzuò)
* 酒坊
* 酒壺 / 酒壶 (jiǔhú)
* 酒太公
* 酒娘子
* 酒客 (jiǔkè)
* 酒家 (jiǔjiā)
* 酒宴 (jiǔyàn)
* 酒家女
* 酒帘 (jiǔlián)
* 酒帘子 (jiǔliánzi)
* 酒席 (jiǔxí)
* 酒幌 (jiǔhuǎng)
* 酒底
* 酒店 (jiǔdiàn)
* 酒廊
* 酒廠 / 酒厂 (jiǔchǎng)
* 酒後吐真言 / 酒后吐真言 (jiǔ hòu tǔ zhēnyán)
* 酒徒 (jiǔtú)
* 酒德 (jiǔdé)
* 酒德頌 / 酒德颂
* 酒心糖
* 酒惡 / 酒恶
* 酒意 (jiǔyì)
* 酒戒 (jiǔjiè)
* 酒戶 / 酒户
* 酒提
* 酒旆
* 酒旗 (jiǔqí)
* 酒星 (jiǔxīng)
* 酒暈 / 酒晕
* 酒曲 (jiǔqū)
* 酒會 / 酒会 (jiǔhuì)
* 酒有別腸 / 酒有别肠
* 酒望 (jiǔwàng)
* 酒望子 (jiǔwàngzi)
* 酒材
* 酒杯 (jiǔbēi)
* 酒桶 (jiǔtǒng)
* 酒樓 / 酒楼 (jiǔlóu)
* 酒母 (jiǔmǔ)
* 酒水 (jiǔshuǐ)
* 酒汁
* 酒池
* 酒池肉林 (jiǔchíròulín)
* 酒泉 (jiǔquán)
* 酒注子
* 酒渦 / 酒涡 (jiǔwō)
* 酒游花
* 酒渣鼻 (jiǔzhābí)
* 酒漿 / 酒浆
* 酒澆壘塊 / 酒浇垒块
* 酒瓮飯囊
* 酒瓶 (jiǔpíng)
* 酒瓶椰子
* 酒甕 / 酒瓮 (jiǔwèng)
* 酒生兒 / 酒生儿
* 酒疹
* 酒病花愁
* 酒瘋 / 酒疯 (jiǔfēng)
* 酒癮 / 酒瘾 (jiǔyǐn)
* 酒盅
* 酒盞 / 酒盏 (jiǔzhǎn)
* 酒石酸 (jiǔshísuān)
* 酒矸 (chiú-kan) (Min Nan)
* 酒硬
* 酒社
* 酒神 (jiǔshén)
* 酒禁 (jiǔjìn)
* 酒窖 (jiǔjiào)
* 酒窩 / 酒窝 (jiǔwō)
* 酒窩兒 / 酒窝儿 (jiǔwōr)
* 酒筵 (jiǔyán)
* 酒籌 / 酒筹 (jiǔchóu)
* 酒精 (jiǔjīng)
* 酒精中毒 (jiǔjīng zhòngdú)
* 酒精燈 / 酒精灯 (jiǔjīngdēng)
* 酒糟 (jiǔzāo)
* 酒糟頭 / 酒糟头
* 酒糟鼻 (jiǔzāobí)
* 酒綠燈紅 / 酒绿灯红
* 酒缸 (jiǔgāng)
* 酒罈 / 酒坛
* 酒聖 / 酒圣
* 酒肆 (jiǔsì)
* 酒肉兄弟
* 酒肉朋友
* 酒肴 (jiǔyáo)
* 酒胡
* 酒膆子
* 酒興 / 酒兴 (jiǔxìng)
* 酒舖 / 酒铺 (jiǔpù)
* 酒色 (jiǔsè)
* 酒色之徒
* 酒色財氣 / 酒色财气 (jiǔsècáiqì)
* 酒花 (jiǔhuā)
* 酒荒
* 酒菜 (jiǔcài)
* 酒藥 / 酒药
* 酒行 (jiǔháng)
* 酒觴 / 酒觞
* 酒話 / 酒话 (jiǔhuà)
* 酒誥 / 酒诰
* 酒足飯飽 / 酒足饭饱
* 酒逢知己千杯少
* 酒過三巡 / 酒过三巡
* 酌酒 (zhuójiǔ)
* 酒酣 (jiǔhān)
* 酒酣耳熱 / 酒酣耳热
* 酒醉 (jiǔzuì)
* 酒醉飯飽 / 酒醉饭饱
* 酒醒 (jíuxǐng)
* 酒醴麴櫱 / 酒醴曲蘖
* 酒釀 / 酒酿 (jiǔniàng)
* 酒量 (jiǔliàng)
* 酒鋪 / 酒铺 (jiǔpù)
* 酒錢 / 酒钱 (jiǔqián)
* 酒闌 / 酒阑
* 酒阬 / 酒坑
* 酒阬兒 / 酒坑儿
* 酒面
* 酒靨 / 酒靥 (jiǔyè)
* 酒食 (jiǔshí)
* 酒食地獄 / 酒食地狱
* 酒食徵逐 / 酒食征逐
* 酒飯 / 酒饭 (jiǔfàn)
* 酒館 / 酒馆 (jiǔguǎn)
* 酒館兒 / 酒馆儿
* 酒饌 / 酒馔
* 酒香
* 酒鬼 (jiǔguǐ)
* 酒鱉 / 酒鳖
* 酒麴 / 酒曲 (jiǔqū)
* 酒齡 / 酒龄
* 酗酒 (xùjiǔ)
* 酤酒
* 醉翁之意不在酒 (zuìwēngzhīyì bù zài jiǔ)
* 醉酒 (zuìjiǔ)
* 醇酒 (chúnjiǔ)
* 醇酒婦人 / 醇酒妇人
* 醉酒飽德 / 醉酒饱德
* 醒酒 (xǐngjiǔ)
* 醒酒石
* 醴酒不設 / 醴酒不设
* 釀酒 / 酿酒 (niàngjiǔ)
* 釅酒 / 酽酒
* 重酒
* 量酒
* 量酒人
* 金樽旨酒
* 金谷酒數 / 金谷酒数
* 金貂換酒 / 金貂换酒
* 鋼琴酒吧 / 钢琴酒吧
* 閒茶浪酒 / 闲茶浪酒
* 開酒 / 开酒
* 陳酒 / 陈酒 (chénjiǔ)
* 陪酒 (péijiǔ)
* 隻雞絮酒 / 只鸡絮酒
* 雄黃酒 / 雄黄酒 (xiónghuángjiǔ)
* 雞尾酒 / 鸡尾酒 (jīwěijiǔ)
* 雞尾酒會 / 鸡尾酒会 (jīwěijiǔhuì)
* 雙柑斗酒
* 頭腦酒 / 头脑酒
* 飯前酒 / 饭前酒
* 飯囊酒瓮
* 飯囊酒甕 / 饭囊酒瓮
* 飯坑酒囊 / 饭坑酒囊
* 飲酒 / 饮酒 (yǐnjiǔ)
* 飲酒作樂 / 饮酒作乐
* 香檳酒 / 香槟酒 (xiāngbīnjiǔ)
* 馮了性風濕跌打藥酒 / 冯了性风湿跌打药酒
* 高粱酒 (gāoliángjiǔ)
* 高陽酒徒 / 高阳酒徒
* 鬧酒 / 闹酒
* 魯酒 / 鲁酒
* 鴆酒 / 鸩酒 (zhènjiǔ)
* 鵝黃酒 / 鹅黄酒
* 麥仔酒 / 麦仔酒
* 麥酒 / 麦酒 (màijiǔ)
* 黃酒 / 黄酒 (huángjiǔ)
* 黑啤酒

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 酒(しゅ) (shu)
* → Korean: 주(酒) (ju)
* → Vietnamese: tửu (酒)
Others:
* → Indonesian: ciu

### References

* “酒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “酒”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゅ (shu, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
* Kun: さけ (sake, 酒, Jōyō)、さか (saka, 酒, Jōyō $^†$)、ささ (sasa, 酒)
* Nanori: さ (sa)、し (shi)、み (mi)

#### Compounds

* 酒(しゅ)池(ち) (shuchi)
** 酒(しゅ)池(ち)肉(にく)林(りん) (shuchinikurin)
* 味(うま)酒(き) (umaki)
* 三鞭酒(シャンパン) (shanpan, “champagne”)
* 濁酒(どぶろく) (doburoku)
* 麦酒(ビール) (bīru)
* 御酒(みき), 神酒(みき) (miki)
** 御神酒(おみき) (o-miki)
* 老(ラオ)酒(チュー) (raochū)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 酒
* さけ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
⟨sake$_2$⟩ → /sakəɨ/ → /sake/
From Old Japanese 酒 (sake$_2$), from Proto-Japonic *sakai. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *sake. Attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE, with the ideographic spelling 酒. Additionally, appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE and the Man'yōshū of c. 759 CE. This is the standalone form of saka- below.
Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Might be cognate with 栄え (sakae), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 栄える (sakaeru, “to flourish”).
* Might be derived from 避ける (sakeru, “to ward off, to shun”), from the idea that drinking sake would ward off cold diseases.
* Might be derived from or a corruption of 酒 (kushi, “rice wine, rice vodka, sake”); however, the phonological shifts required are completely unexplainable.
* The final -ke may be an apophonic form of Old Japanese 酒 (ki$_1$).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さけ [sàké] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sa̠ke̞]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

酒(さけ) • (sake)
* any alcoholic beverage
* (especially) Synonym of 日本酒 (nihonshu): sake (Japanese rice wine)
* drinking, especially of alcoholic beverages

##### Derived terms

* お酒(さけ) (o-sake, polite form)
* 酒(さけ)粕(かす) (sakekasu)
* 酒(さけ)臭(くさ)い (sakekusai)
* 酒(さけ)好(ず)き (sakezuki)
* 酒(さけ)店(てん) (saketen)
* 酒(さけ)処(どころ) (sakedokoro)
* 酒(さけ)飲(の)み (sakenomi)
* 酒(さけ)太(ぶと)り (sakebutori)
* 酒(さけ)焼(や)け (sakeyake)
* 朝(あさ)酒(ざけ) (asazake)
* 味(あじ)酒(ざけ) (ajizake)
* 甘(あま)酒(ざけ) (amazake)
* 大(おお)酒(ざけ) (ōzake)
* 燗(かん)酒(ざけ) (kanzake)
* 生(き)酒(ざけ) (kizake)
* 聞(き)き酒(ざけ), 利(き)き酒(ざけ) (kikizake, “sake tasting”)
* 薬(くすり)酒(ざけ) (kusurizake)
* 地(じ)酒(ざけ) (jizake)
* 白(しろ)酒(ざけ) (shirozake)
* 卵(たまご)酒(ざけ) (tamagozake)
* 樽(たる)酒(ざけ) (taruzake)
* 茶(ちゃ)屋(や)酒(ざけ) (chaya-zake)
* 濁(にご)り酒(ざけ) (nigorizake)
* 寝(ね)酒(ざけ) (nezake)
* 梯(はし)子(ご)酒(ざけ) (hashigo-zake)
* 火(ひ)の酒(さけ) (hinosake)
* 冷(ひ)や酒(ざけ) (hiyazake)
* 深(ふか)酒(ざけ) (fukazake)
* 振(ふる)舞(ま)い酒(ざけ) (furumaizake)
* 迎(むか)え酒(ざけ) (mukaezake, “hair of the dog”)
* やけ酒(ざけ) (yakezake)
* 安(やす)酒(ざけ) (yasuzake)
* 雪(ゆき)見(み)酒(ざけ) (yukimizake)
* 悪(わる)酒(ざけ) (waruzake)

##### Idioms

* 酒(さけ)を煮(に)る (sake o niru)
* 酒(さけ)人(ひと)を吞(の)む (sake hito o nomu)

##### Proverbs

* 酒(さけ)に別(べっ)腸(ちょう)あり (sake ni betchō ari)
* 酒(さけ)の燗(かん)は人(ひと)肌(はだ) (sake no kan wa hitohada)
* 酒(さけ)の酔(よ)い本(ほん)性(しょう)違(たが)わず (sake no yoi honshō tagawazu)
* 酒(さけ)の酔(よ)い本(ほん)性(しょう)忘(わす)れず (sake no yoi honshō wasurezu)
* 酒(さけ)は憂(うれ)いの玉(たま)箒(ばはき) (sake wa urei no tamabahaki)
* 酒(さけ)は百(ひゃく)薬(やく)の長(ちょう) (sake wa hyakuyaku no chō)

##### Descendants

* → Ainu: サケ
* → English: saké, sake, saki
* → French: saké m
** → Romanian: sake n
** → Turkish: sake

##### See also

* 愛(あい)飲(いん)者(しゃ) (aīnsha)
* 後(あと)引(ひ)き上(じょう)戸(ご) (atohikijōgo)
* 泡(あわ)盛(もり) (awamori)
* 大(おお)虎(どら) (ōdora)
* 怒(おこ)り上(じょう)戸(ご) (okorijōgo)
* 小(こ)虎(どら) (kodora)
* 左(さ)党(とう) (satō)
* 正(しょう)覚(がく)坊(ぼう) (shōgakubō)
* 焼(しょう)酎(ちゅう) (shōchū)
* 猩(しょう)々(じょう) (shōjō)
* 上(じょう)戸(ご) (jōgo)
* 泣(な)き上(じょう)戸(ご) (nakijōgo)
* 飲(の)み助(すけ), 呑(の)み助(すけ) (nomisuke)
* 飲(の)み手(て) (nomite)
* 飲(の)ん兵(べ)衛(え), 飲(のん)兵(べ)衛(え), 呑(の)ん兵(べ)衛(え), 呑(のん)兵(べ)衛(え) (nonbē)
* 左(ひだり)利(きき), 左(ひだり)利(き)き (hidarikiki)
* 左(ひだり)党(とう) (hidaritō)
* 笑(わら)い上(じょう)戸(ご) (waraijōgo)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 酒
* さか Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese 酒 (saka). Likely the original form of sake above. Rarely used in isolation. Mostly used as the first element in compounds.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sa̠ka̠]

#### Noun

酒(さか) • (saka)
* Combining form of 酒 (sake, “any alcoholic beverage; rice wine, rice vodka, sake”)

##### Derived terms

* 酒(さか)癖(ぐせ) (sakaguse), 酒(さけ)癖(ぐせ) (sakeguse)
* 酒(さか)蔵(ぐら) (sakagura)
* 杯(さかずき) (sakazuki)
* 盃(さかずき) (sakazuki)
* 酒(さか)代(だい) (sakadai)
* 酒(さか)断(だ)ち (sakadachi)
* 酒(さか)店(だな) (sakadana)
* 酒(さか)樽(だる) (sakadaru)
* 酒(さか)造(づく)り (sakazukuri)
* 酒(さか)壺(つぼ) (sakatsubo)
* 酒(さか)手(て) (sakate)
* 肴(さかな) (sakana, “light snack”)
** 魚(さかな) (sakana, “fish as food”)
* 酒(さか)場(ば) (sakaba)
* 酒(さか)浸(びた)り (sakabitari)
* 酒(さか)店(みせ) (sakamise)
* 酒(さか)盛(も)り (sakamori)
* 酒(さか)屋(や) (sakaya)
* 酒(さか)焼(や)け (sakayake)
* 酒(さか)屋(や) (sakaya)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 酒
* ささ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
Originally a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, literally “women's word”) term, possibly derived from reduplication of the first syllable sa from sake. Alternately, may be derived by metaphor from the Chinese-derived euphemism for sake, 竹葉 (chikuyō, literally “bamboo leaves”), as 笹 (sasa) refers to a type of short, leafy bamboo.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ささ [sàsá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sa̠sa̠]

#### Noun

酒(ささ) • (sasa)
* (archaic) any alcoholic beverage, especially sake (Japanese rice wine)

##### Derived terms

* お酒(ささ), 御(お)酒(ささ) (o-sasa)
* 酒(ささ)飲(の)み (sasanomi)
* 白(しろ)酒(ささ) (shirosasa)

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 酒
* しゅ Grade: 3
* goon
From Middle Chinese 酒 (MC tsjuwX).

#### Noun

酒(しゅ) • (shu)
* an alcoholic drink, especially sake (Japanese rice wine)

##### Derived terms

* 御(ご)酒(しゅ) (goshu)
* 梅(うめ)酒(しゅ) (umeshu)
* 火(か)酒(しゅ) (kashu)
* 果(か)実(じつ)酒(しゅ) (kajitsushu)
* 禁(きん)酒(しゅ) (kinshu)
* 混(こん)合(ごう)酒(しゅ) (kongōshu)
* 混(こん)成(せい)酒(しゅ) (konseishu)
* 合(ごう)成(せい)酒(しゅ) (gōseishu)
* 雑(ざっ)酒(しゅ) (zasshu)
* シェリー酒(しゅ) (sherīshu)
* 酒(しゅ)造(ぞう) (shuzō)
* 純(じゅん)米(まい)酒(しゅ) (junmaishu)
* 上(じょう)酒(しゅ) (jōshu)
* 醸(じょう)造(ぞう)酒(しゅ) (jōzōshu)
* 蒸(じょう)留(りゅう)酒(しゅ) (jōryūshu)
* 食(しょく)前(ぜん)酒(しゅ) (shokuzenshu, “appetizer”)
* 新(しん)酒(しゅ) (shinshu)
* 神(しん)酒(しゅ) (shinshu)
* 清(せい)酒(しゅ) (seishu, “refined sake”)
* 造(ぞう)酒(しゅ) (zōshu)
* 樽(そん)酒(しゅ) (sonshu)
* 斗(と)酒(しゅ) (toshu)
* 特(とっ)級(きゅう)酒(しゅ) (tokkyūshu)
* 日(に)本(ほん)酒(しゅ) (nihonshu)
* 麦(ばく)酒(しゅ) (bakushu)
* 発(はっ)泡(ぽう)酒(しゅ) (happōshu, “low-malt beer”)
* 葡(ぶ)萄(どう)酒(しゅ) (budōshu)
* 密(みつ)造(ぞう)酒(しゅ) (mitsuzōshu)
* 銘(めい)酒(しゅ) (meishu, “choice sake”)
* 薬(やく)酒(しゅ) (yakushu)
* 薬(やく)用(よう)酒(しゅ) (yakuyō-shu)
* ラム酒(しゅ) (ramushu)
* 乱(らん)酒(しゅ) (ranshu)
* 林(りん)檎(ご)酒(しゅ) (ringoshu)

#### Affix

酒(しゅ) • (shu)
* alcoholic drink

##### Derived terms

* 酒(しゅ)宴(えん) (shuen)
* 酒(しゅ)家(か) (shuka)
* 酒(しゅ)客(かく) (shukaku)
* 酒(しゅ)器(き) (shuki)
* 酒(しゅ)気(き) (shuki)
* 酒(しゅ)興(きょう) (shukyō)
* 酒(しゅ)肴(こう) (shukō)
* 酒(しゅ)豪(ごう) (shugō)
* 酒(しゅ)色(しょく) (shushoku)
* 酒(しゅ)精(せい) (shusei)
* 酒(しゅ)税(ぜい) (shuzei)
* 酒(しゅ)席(せき) (shuseki)
* 酒(しゅ)石(せき)酸(さん) (shusekisan)
* 酒(しゅ)仙(せん) (shusen)
* 酒(しゅ)店(てん) (shuten)
* 酒(しゅ)徒(と) (shuto)
* 酒(しゅ)毒(どく) (shudoku)
* 酒(しゅ)杯(はい) (shuhai)
* 酒(しゅ)販(はん) (shuhan)
* 酒(しゅ)癖(へき) (shuheki)
* 酒(しゅ)保(ほ) (shuho)
* 酒(しゅ)名(めい) (shumei)
* 酒(しゅ)乱(らん) (shuran)
* 酒(しゅ)量(りょう) (shuryō)
* 酒(しゅ)類(るい) (shurui)
* 悪(あく)酒(しゅ) (akushu)
* 飲(いん)酒(しゅ) (inshu)
* 飲(おん)酒(じゅ) (onju)
* 佳(か)酒(しゅ) (kashu)
* 願(がん)酒(しゅ) (ganshu)
* 葷(くん)酒(しゅ) (kunshu)
* 古(こ)酒(しゅ) (koshu, “aged alcohol”)
* 旨(し)酒(しゅ) (shishu)
* 節(せっ)酒(しゅ) (sesshu)
* 粗(そ)酒(しゅ) (soshu)
* 濁(だく)酒(しゅ) (dakushu)
* 毒(どく)酒(しゅ) (dokushu, “poisoned alcohol”)
* 白(はく)酒(しゅ) (hakushu)
* 美(び)酒(しゅ) (bishu)
* 洋(よう)酒(しゅ) (yōshu)
* 緑(りょく)酒(しゅ) (ryokushu)
* 冷(れい)酒(しゅ) (reishu)
* 老(ろう)酒(しゅ) (rōshu)

### References

* 1 2 3 Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese sake/saka”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese‎
* 1 2 3 “酒”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ “酒”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 “酒／さけ”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2025.
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 酒 (MC tsjuwX).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 쥬ᇢ〯 (Yale: cyǔw) | 쥬ᇢ〯 (Yale: cyǔw) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 술 (Yale: swùl) | 쥬〮 (Yale: cyú) |

### Pronunciation

* (alcoholic beverage; etc.):
** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕu]
** Phonetic hangul: [주]
* (in 주정 (酒酊, jujeong)):
** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕu(ː)]
** Phonetic hangul: [주(ː)]
*** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 酒 (eumhun 술 주 (sul ju))
* hanja form of 주 (“alcoholic beverage”) [affix]

#### Compounds

* 맥주(麥酒) (maekju)
* 소주(燒酒) (soju)
* 약주(藥酒) (yakju)
* 양주(洋酒) (yangju)
* 음주(飮酒) (eumju)
* 주점(酒店) (jujeom)
* 주포(酒舖) (jupo)
* 탁주(濁酒) (takju)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): す (su)
* Kun: さき (saki, 酒)

#### Compounds

* 古(くー)酒(す) (kūsu)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 酒
* さき Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
From Proto-Ryukyuan *sake, from Proto-Japonic *sakai. Cognate with mainland Japanese 酒 (sake).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [saki]

### Noun

酒(さき) (saki)
* any alcoholic beverage (wine, whisky, sake, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* 大(うー)酒(じゃき) ('ūjaki)
* 大和(やまとぅ)酒(じゃき) (yamatujaki)

### References

* ↑ “さき【酒】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Old Japanese
### Compounds

* 神酒 (mi$_1$wa)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *sakai. Standalone form of saka- below.
Various theories exist regarding the ultimate derivation:
* Might be cognate with 榮𛀁 (sakaye), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 榮ゆ (sakayu, “to flourish”).
* Might be derived from 避く (saku, “to ward off, to shun”), from the idea that drinking sake would ward off cold diseases.
* The final -ke$_2$ may be the apophonic form of 酒 (ki$_1$).

#### Noun

酒 (sake$_2$) (kana さけ)
* any alcoholic drink, especially a rice wine similar to modern-day sake

##### Derived terms

* 味酒 (umasake$_2$)
* 待ち酒 (matizake$_2$)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 酒 (sake)

### Etymology 2

Likely the original form of sake$_2$ above. Rarely used in isolation. Mostly used as the first element in compounds.

#### Noun

酒 (saka) (kana さか)
* Combining form of 酒 (sake$_2$, “any alcoholic beverage; rice wine, rice vodka, sake”)

##### Derived terms

* 酒水漬く (sakami$_1$duku)
* 酒坏, 酒杯 (sakaduki$_1$)
* 酒壺 (sakatubo)

### Etymology 3

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Proto-Japonic *ki?”

#### Noun

酒 (ki$_1$) (kana き)
* any alcoholic drink, especially a rice wine similar to modern-day sake

##### Derived terms

* 御酒 (mi$_1$-ki$_1$)
* 黒酒 (kuro$_1$ki$_2$)
* 白酒 (siro$_1$ki$_2$)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 味酒 (umaki)
* Japanese: お神酒 (o-miki)

### Etymology 4

Cognate with 奇し (kusi, “strange, wondrous, miraculous”), which is also the root for modern 薬 (kusuri, “medicine”).

#### Noun

酒 (kusi) (kana くし)
* any alcoholic drink, especially a rice wine similar to modern-day sake
** 711–712, Kojiki, poem 32:
    許能美岐波和賀美岐那良受久志能加美登許余邇伊麻須伊波多多須...ko$_2$no$_2$ mi$_1$-ki$_1$ wo waga mi$_1$-ki$_1$ narazu kusi no$_2$ kami$_1$ to$_2$ko$_2$yo$_2$ ni imasu ipa tatasu...(please add an English translation of this usage example)

##### Derived terms

* 酒の司, 酒の長 (kusi no$_2$ kami$_1$)
* 笑酒, 咲酒 (wegusi)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Tsuchihashi, Yutaka with Jin'ichi Konishi, Ichinosuke Takagi (1957) Kodai Kayōshū, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* 𨢇 (rượu)

### Han character

酒: Hán Việt readings: tửu (子(tử)酉(dậu)切(thiết))
酒: Nôm readings: rượu, tửu, giậu
* chữ Hán form of tửu (“alcoholic beverage”).
* chữ Nôm form of rượu (“rice alcohol”).

#### Compounds

* 御酒 (ngự tửu)
* 送酒 (tống tửu)
* 酒店 (tửu điếm)
* 酒色 (tửu sắc)
* 酒量 (tửu lượng)
* 酒館 (tửu quán)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Hồ (1976).
* ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

## Yonaguni
### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *sake, from Proto-Japonic *sakai. Cognate with Yaeyama 酒 (saki), Okinawan 酒 (saki), Japanese 酒 (sake).

### Pronunciation

* (Sonai) IPA: [sàɡí] (tone class A)

### Noun

酒(さぎ) (sagi)
* an alcoholic beverage, particularly sake (a Japanese rice wine)
    さぎたりるん
       sagi tarirun
       to produce sake

#### Descendants

* Yonaguni Hōgen Jiten Henshū I'inkai (与那国方言辞典編集委員会) (2021) どぅなんむぬい辞典 [Dunanmunui Dictionary], Yonaguni (与那国町): Yonaguni-chō Kyōiku I'inkai (与那国町教育委員会), page 147