# kris
## English
### Alternative forms

* crease, creese, creeze, crese, cress, cris, crise, criss, crys, cryse, keris, kreese, kriss

### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay keris. Doublet of kalis. Recognized as part of English ca. 1580.

### Noun

kris (plural krises or krisses)
* A traditional Indonesian, Malaysian, or Filipino sword or dagger having a tapering, usually serpentine blade.
** 1958, Anthony Burgess, The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 292:Anne Talbot looked demurely ravishing, as was her intention, in a very low-cut evening frock of bottle-green, choker of Kelantan silver, earrings in the shape of krises.

#### Descendants

* → Serbo-Croatian: kris

### Verb

kris (third-person singular simple present krises, present participle krising or krissing, simple past and past participle krised or krissed)
* (transitive) To stab with a kris.
** 1901, George Manville Fenn, Running Amok: A Story of Adventure, page 100:[...] when I was a boy, but Rajah Sul and Sultan Abdel krissed and speared all the poor people and burned the campongs.
** 2017, John D. Greenwood, Forbidden Hill, Monsoon Books, →ISBN:One Malay seaman had resisted the rattan halter––he had been krissed to death on the spot and thrown overboard.

### See also

* kalis

### Anagrams

* Sirk, risk, riks, irks, kirs, Risk

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦏꦼꦫꦶꦱ꧀ (keris), from Old Javanese kĕris, kris.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krɪs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kris
* Rhymes: -ɪs
* Homophone: Chris

### Noun

kris f or m (plural krissen)
* kris (Indonesian or Malay with a wavy blade)

## Javanese
### Romanization

kris
* Romanization of ꦏꦿꦶꦱ꧀.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

*ris +‎ ka- (“formative for abstract nouns of quality”)

### Noun

kris
* kris (a dagger)

#### Derived terms

* akris
* aṅris
* kinris

#### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦏꦼꦫꦶꦱ꧀ (keris), ꦏꦿꦶꦱ꧀ (kris) (inherited)
** → Malay: keris
*** Indonesian: keris
*** → English: kris, crease, creese, creeze, crese, cress, cris, crise, criss, crys, cryse, keris, kreese, kriss
**** → Serbo-Croatian: kris
*** → Thai: กริช (grìt)

## Romani
### Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek κρίσι (krísi, “judgement, decision”).

### Noun

kris f (nominative plural krisa)
* (law) trial

### References

* ↑ Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kris”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 150b
* ↑ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “i/e kris, -a- ʒ. -a, -en- = i/e krìsi¹#², -ǎ- ʒ. -ǎ, -ěn-”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 206ab

### Further reading

* Mozes F. Heinschink, Michael Teichmann (2002 November) “Kris”, in ROMBASE Cultural Database‎, Wien, archived from the original on 19 August 2021

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English kris, creese, from Malay.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krîːs/

### Noun

krȋs m (Cyrillic spelling кри̑с)
* kris

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kris c
* (countable, uncountable) crisis (very bad situation; emergency)
    en finanskrisa financial crisis
    en personlig krisa personal crisis
    medelålderskrismidlife crisis
    Kom på en gång! Det är kris!Come immediately! It's an emergency [crisis]! [could mean something bad is about to happen (unless something is done soon)]

#### Derived terms

* identitetskris
* krishantering
* krisinformation
* krisläge
* regeringskris

### References

* kris in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kris in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* kris in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* riks-, risk, skri