# देव
## Hindi
### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit देव (deva).

#### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d̪eːʋ/

#### Noun

देव • (dev) m (Urdu spelling دیو)
* (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) deity, god, deva
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:भगवान

##### Usage notes

The use of देव (dev) is generally restricted to compound words and proper names (रामदेव (rāmdev), हरदेव (hardev), etc.)

##### Derived terms

* देवकन्या (devkanyā, “nymph, celestial maiden”)
* देवकार्य (devkārya, “religious rite for propitiating a deity”)
* देवकुल (devkul, “pantheon”)
* देवगृह (devgŕh, “temple, abode of a deity”)
* देवता (devtā)
* देवत्रिय (devatriya, “the Holy Trinity of Vishnu, Brahma, and Shiva”)
* देवदूत (devdūt, “angel, divine messenger”)

##### Related terms

* देवी (devī)

#### Proper noun

देव • (dev) m (Urdu spelling دیو)
* a male given name, Dev, from Sanskrit

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian دیو (dēw).

#### Noun

देव • (dev) m (Urdu spelling دیو)
* demon
* jinn, genie
* giant

##### Declension
### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “देव”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “देव”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “देव”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dēvá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

## Konkani
### Noun

देव • (dev) m (Latin script ?, Kannada script ?)
* god, deity

## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit देव (deva), through Old Marathi 𑘟𑘹𑘪 (deva).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̪eʋ/

### Noun

देव • (dev) m
* (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) deity, god, deva

#### Related terms

* देवी (devī)

### Proper noun

देव • (dev) m
* a male given name, Dev, from Sanskrit

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “देव”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “देव”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “देव”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “देव”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

## Marwari
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit देव (deva).

### Noun

देव (dev) ?
* deity
* god

#### Related terms

* देवरौ (devrau)

## Old Awadhi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit देव (deva).

### Noun

देव (deva)
* deity, god, deva
** c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Saṅkaṭmocan Hanumān Aṣṭak :देवन आनि करी बिनतीdevana āni karī binatī

## Old Gujarati
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit देव (deva).

### Noun

देव • (deva) m
* god

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* deva (Latin script)
* 𑀤𑁂𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* দেৰ (Bengali script)
* දෙව (Sinhalese script)
* ဒေဝ or ၻေဝ (Burmese script)
* เทว or เทวะ (Thai script)
* ᨴᩮᩅ (Tai Tham script)
* ເທວ or ເທວະ (Lao script)
* ទេវ (Khmer script)
* 𑄘𑄬𑅇 (Chakma script)

### Noun

देव m
* Devanagari script form of deva

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* দেৱ (Assamese script)
* ᬤᬾᬯ (Balinese script)
* দেব (Bengali script)
* 𑰟𑰸𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀤𑁂𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* ဒေဝ (Burmese script)
* દેવ (Gujarati script)
* ਦੇਵ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌦𑍇𑌵 (Grantha script)
* ꦢꦺꦮ (Javanese script)
* 𑂠𑂵𑂫 (Kaithi script)
* ದೇವ (Kannada script)
* ទេវ (Khmer script)
* ເທວ (Lao script)
* ദേവ (Malayalam script)
* ᡩᡝᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘟𑘹𑘪 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠧᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦿𑧚𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐡𑐾𑐰 (Newa script)
* ଦେଵ (Odia script)
* ꢣꢾꢮ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆢𑆼𑆮 (Sharada script)
* 𑖟𑖸𑖪 (Siddham script)
* දෙව (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩭𑩔𑩾 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚛𑚲𑚦 (Takri script)
* தே³வ (Tamil script)
* దేవ (Telugu script)
* เทว (Thai script)
* དེ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒠𑒹𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨛𑨄𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *daywás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (“god, the celestial one”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬎𐬎𐬀 (daēuua), Classical Persian دیو (dēv), Latin deus, divus.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /dɐj.ʋɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /d̪eː.ʋɐ/

### Adjective

देव • (devá) stem
* heavenly, divine, also said of terrestrial things of high excellence (Rigvedic)

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic

### Noun

देव • (devá or déva) stem, m (feminine देवी)
* deity, god, the gods as the heavenly or shining ones, often reckoned as numbering 33. (Rigvedic, also accented déva according to Panini 3.3.120)
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.90.7:तं य॒ज्ञं ब॒र्हिषि॒ प्रौक्ष॒न्पुरु॑षं जा॒तम॑ग्र॒तः । तेन॑ दे॒वा अ॑यजन्त सा॒ध्या ऋष॑यश्च॒ ये ॥táṃ yajñáṃ barhíṣi praúkṣanpúruṣaṃ jātámagratáḥ. téna devā́ ayajanta sādhyā́ ṛ́ṣayaśca yé.They immolated as the victim upon the sacred grass Puruṣa, born before creation; with him the deities who were Sādhyas and those who were Ṛṣis sacrificed.
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.13.5:अधा॑कृणोः पृथि॒वीं सं॒दृशे॑ दि॒वे यो धौ॑ती॒नाम॑हिह॒न्नारि॑णक्प॒थः । तं त्वा॒ स्तोमे॑भिरु॒दभि॒र्न वा॒जिनं॑ दे॒वं दे॒वा अ॑जन॒न्त्सास्यु॒क्थ्यः॑ ॥ádhākṛṇoḥ pṛthivī́ṃ saṃdṛ́śe divé yó dhautīnā́mahihannā́riṇakpatháḥ. táṃ tvā stómebhirudábhirná vājínaṃ deváṃ devā́ ajanantsā́syukthyàḥ.You have created earth to look upon the sky: you, slaying Ahi, have set free the river's paths. You, such, a god, the gods have quickened with their praises, even as a steed with waters: meet for praise are you.
* rarely also of evil demons (Atharvaveda, Taittiriya Samhita)
* name of Indra as the god of the sky and giver of rain (Epics)
* the image of a god, an idol
* a god on earth or among men, either Brahman, priest or king, prince, as a title of honour, especially in the vocative "your majesty" or "your honour" (Rigvedic)
* as a given name, diminutive of देवदत्त (devadatta) (Panini 5.3.83)

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Derived terms

* देवता (devátā)
* देवदत्त (devadatta)
* देवनागरी (devanāgarī)
* देवरूपा (devarūpa)
* देवसभा (devasabhā)

#### Descendants

* Pali: deva (see there for further descendants)
* Dardic:
** Shina: دیو (deu, “demon, ogre”)
* Southern:
** Dhivehi: ދެވި (devi, “demon”)
* Eastern:
** Assamese: দেউ (deu, “evil spirit”)
** Odia: ଦେଉ (deu, “prince”)
* Northwestern:
** Punjabi:
    Punjabi: ਦੇਉ (deu, “god, devil”)
    Punjabi: دیو (deu, “god, devil”)
*** Lahnda: دیو (deo)
** Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڏيو (ḍ̠eu)
    Devanagari script: ॾेउ (ḍ̠eu)
* Northern:
** Bhadrawahi: देऊ (deū, “rain”)
** Kumaoni: द्यो (“god, rain”), दिओ (“rain”)
** Nepali: देउ (deu, “god”)

##### Borrowings

* → Assamese: দেৱ (dew)
* → Old Awadhi: (learned) deva
    Devanagari script: देव
    Kaithi script: 𑂠𑂵𑂫
* → Chakma: 𑄘𑄬𑄝𑄴 (deb, “god; king”)
* → Chinese: 提婆 (típó)
* → English: deva
* → Hindi: देव (dev)
* → Old Gujarati: देव (deva)
* → Kannada: ದೇವ (dēva)
* → Kashmiri: دیو (dev)
* → Malay: dewa
* → Marathi: देव (dev)
* → Odia: ଦେବ (deba)
* → Punjabi: ਦੇਵ (dev)
* → Marwari: देव (dev)
* → Kalasha: [script needed] (dewa, “god”)
* → Tamil: தேவன் (tēvaṉ)
* → Telugu: దేవుడు (dēvuḍu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “देव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 492, column 2.