# 毓

| 毓 | U+6BD3, &#27603; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BD3 |
| ← 毒 [U+6BD2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 比 → [U+6BD4] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* 育

### Han character

毓 (Kangxi radical 80, 毋+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人卜卜戈山 (OYYIU), four-corner 8051$_3$, composition ⿰每㐬)
* give birth to
* bring up, educate

#### Derived characters

* 𬉕, 𤪝, 𩱢, 𩱱, 𢑎

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 590, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16740
* Dae Jaweon: page 982, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2384, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6BD3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 育 | *luɡ |
| 毓 | *luɡ |
| 棛 | *luɡ |
| 錥 | *luɡ |
| 焴 | *luɡ |
| 淯 | *luɡ |
| 蜟 | *luɡ |
| 堉 | *luɡ |
| 逳 | *luɡ |
| 蘛 | *luɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a woman with a bamboo hairpin (to indicate that she is an adult) 每 while giving birth. The newborn baby is head down on the right 㐬. The top part of 㐬 is 子 inverted, an abstracted body with a head at the bottom; compare 充. The three lines (川) below head are amniotic fluid coming out.
A later alternative form is 育, in which the amniotic fluid disappears.
Alternately considered a Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *luɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 每 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠫓 (“child”) + semantic 川 (“amniotic fluid”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yù (yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): juk$^1$ / juk$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yuuk$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yu̍k
    (Hailu, HRS): rhug$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeh$^7$ / yeh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): io̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hiog$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yù
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$
*** Yale: yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: juk$^1$ / juk$^6$
*** Yale: yūk / yuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: juk$^7$ / juk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yug$^1$ / yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊk̚⁵/, /jʊk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yuuk$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɵk̚⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: iug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯uk̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uk̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhug$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒuk²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: oeh$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: e̤̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /œʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: yeh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /yøʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
*** Tâi-lô: io̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iok
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔk̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hiog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiok
*** Sinological IPA : /hiok̚²/
* Middle Chinese: yuwk
Rime :
| Character | 毓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 余六切 |
| Baxter | yuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /juwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭuk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | juk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-quk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 毓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yuwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-quk/ |
| English | to produce |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 毓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15985 |
| Phonetic component | 育 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 育 |
| Old Chinese | /*luɡ/ |
| Notes | 說文同育，甲金文即象母產子 |

### Definitions

毓
* (formal) to give birth; to procreate; to foster; to rear; to bring up
    alt. forms: 育
* a surname

### Compounds

* 毓婷 (yùtíng)
* 毓子孕孫 / 毓子孕孙
* 鍾靈毓秀 / 钟灵毓秀 (zhōnglíngyùxiù)

### References

* “毓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “毓”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 293.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 育)
* kyūjitai form of 育

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): いく (iku)
* Kun: そだてる (sodateru)

## Korean
### Hanja

毓 (eum 육 (yuk))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

毓: Hán Nôm readings: dục
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation