# cac
## Translingual
### Symbol

cac
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Chuj.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Chuj terms

## Albanian
### Etymology

Version of eci (“to walk, step, go”). Used by adults when speaking to toddlers while teaching them how to walk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sat͡s/

### Verb

cac (aorist caca, participle cacur)
* (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) to walk slowly
* (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) to learn (how) to walk
    Synonym: përkëmb

#### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

#### Derived terms

* cacë f

#### Related terms

* eci

### Further reading

* “cac”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980

## Aromanian
### Alternative forms

* cacu

### Etymology

From Latin cacō. Compare Romanian căca, cac.

### Verb

cac first-singular present indicative (past participle cãcatã or cãcate)
* (vulgar, reflexive) to shit

#### Related terms

* cãcari / cãcare
* cãcat

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kak/, /kɑk/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

#### Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, nominative plural cacanna)
* faeces, excrement
* (vulgar, offensive) shit
* (mining) raw ore
* verbal noun of cac

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
cac
cacanna
vocative
a chac
a chacanna
genitive
caca
cacanna
dative
cac
cacanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an cac
na cacanna
genitive
an chaca
na gcacanna
dative
leis an gcac don chac
leis na cacanna :

##### Derived terms

* cac iarainn m (“bog iron ore”)

##### Related terms

* cacamas m (“refuse”)

#### Interjection

cac!
* (vulgar) shit!, crap!

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish caccaid (“to excrete”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”).

#### Verb

cac (present analytic cacann, future analytic cacfaidh, verbal noun cac, past participle cactha)
* excrete, defecate
* (vulgar) shit

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | cac | cac | cac | cac | cac | cac | cac | cac |
| past participle | cactha | cactha | cactha | cactha | cactha | cactha | cactha | cactha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | cacaim | cacann tú; cacair$^†$ | cacann sé, sí | cacaimid | cacann sibh | cacann siad; cacaid$^†$ | a chacann; a chacas / a gcacann* | cactar |
| past | chac mé; chacas | chac tú; chacais | chac sé, sí | chacamar; chac muid | chac sibh; chacabhair | chac siad; chacadar | a chac / ar chac* | cacadh |
| past habitual | chacainn / gcacainn‡‡ | chactá / gcactá‡‡ | chacadh sé, sí / gcacadh sé, sí‡‡ | chacaimis; chacadh muid / gcacaimis‡‡; gcacadh muid‡‡ | chacadh sibh / gcacadh sibh‡‡ | chacaidís; chacadh siad / gcacaidís‡‡; gcacadh siad‡‡ | a chacadh / a gcacadh* | chactaí / gcactaí‡‡ |
| future | cacfaidh mé; cacfad | cacfaidh tú; cacfair$^†$ | cacfaidh sé, sí | cacfaimid; cacfaidh muid | cacfaidh sibh | cacfaidh siad; cacfaid$^†$ | a chacfaidh; a chacfas / a gcacfaidh* | cacfar |
| conditional | chacfainn / gcacfainn‡‡ | chacfá / gcacfá‡‡ | chacfadh sé, sí / gcacfadh sé, sí‡‡ | chacfaimis; chacfadh muid / gcacfaimis‡‡; gcacfadh muid‡‡ | chacfadh sibh / gcacfadh sibh‡‡ | chacfaidís; chacfadh siad / gcacfaidís‡‡; gcacfadh siad‡‡ | a chacfadh / a gcacfadh* | chacfaí / gcacfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go gcaca mé; go gcacad$^†$ | go gcaca tú; go gcacair$^†$ | go gcaca sé, sí | go gcacaimid; go gcaca muid | go gcaca sibh | go gcaca siad; go gcacaid$^†$ | — | go gcactar |
| past | dá gcacainn | dá gcactá | dá gcacadh sé, sí | dá gcacaimis; dá gcacadh muid | dá gcacadh sibh | dá gcacaidís; dá gcacadh siad | — | dá gcactaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | cacaim | cac | cacadh sé, sí | cacaimis | cacaigí; cacaidh$^†$ | cacaidís | — | cactar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000) Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann [Linguistics Institute of Ireland], →ISBN, section 232, page 110
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 146
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 411, page 135
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cacc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cac”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## K'iche'
### Etymology

Likely cognate to Yucatec Maya k’áak’

### Noun

cac
* (Classical K'iche') fire

## Old English
### Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps derived from *cacian (“to defecate”), from Latin cacō (“I shit”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑk/

### Noun

cac m (nominative plural cacas)
* dung, excrement

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* cachūs (“shithouse, latrine”)

#### Related terms

* *cacian

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “CAC”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “cack”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

## Romanian
### Verb

cac
* first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of căca

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰaxk/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cacc (“dung, excrement”), from Proto-Celtic *kakkā.

#### Noun

cac m (genitive singular caca, no plural)
* excrement
* (vulgar) shit

##### Derived terms

* poll-caca (“cesspool”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish caccaid (“excretes”, verb), from cacc (“dung, excrement”). See Etymology 1 above.

#### Verb

cac (past chac, future cacaidh, verbal noun cac or cacadh, past participle cacte)
* (slang) excrete, defecate
* (slang, vulgar) shit

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “cac”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cacc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caccaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language