# 自我
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìwǒ
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄨㄛˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi$^6$ ngo$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): du$^5$ ngo$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cê̤ṳ-ngō
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zo$^5$ ngor$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chū-ngó͘ / chīr-ngó͘ / chī-ngó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ze$^6$ ua$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zy-ngu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìwǒ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄨㄛˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhwǒ
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-wo$^3$
*** Yale: dz̀-wǒ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhwoo
*** Palladius: цзыво (czyvo)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ ngo$^5$
*** Yale: jih ngóh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ ngo$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ ngo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² ŋɔː¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: du$^5$ ngo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tu³² ᵑɡᵘɔ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cê̤ṳ-ngō
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ŋu³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zo$^5$ ngor$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceō-ngô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡so²¹ ŋɒ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zo$^5$ ngor$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵ²¹ ŋɒ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-ngó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsū-ngóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuxngor
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-ngó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsīr-ngóo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chī-ngó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsī-ngóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cixngor
*** IPA (Philippines): /t͡si⁴¹⁻²² ŋɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ze$^6$ ua$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ uá
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ ua⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zy-ngu
*** MiniDict: zy$^去$ ngu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zr-ngu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²² ŋu⁴⁴/

### Pronoun

自我
* self; oneself
    自我展現／自我展现 ― zìwǒ zhǎnxiàn ― self-expression
    自我提升 ― zìwǒ tíshēng ― self-improvement
    改造自我 ― gǎizào zìwǒ ― to reform oneself

#### Synonyms

* 個人 / 个人 (gèrén)
* 各人 (gèrén) (dialectal)
* 本人 (běnrén)
* 本身 (běnshēn) (usually of objects and concepts)
* 本身人 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 現人 / 现人 (Hokkien)
* 自個 / 自个 (zìgě) (colloquial)
* 自家 (zìjiā) (literary or dialectal)
* 自己 (zìjǐ)
* 自身 (zìshēn)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 己, 自己, 自家 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 自己 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 自個兒, 自己個兒, 各個兒, 一個兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 自己 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 自家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 自己 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 自己 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 自家, 自個兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 自己 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 自己 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 各人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 自個兒, 自己個兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 自個兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 自家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 自家, 各人, 自己 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 自家, 自己 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 自家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 自己 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 自己 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 自簡, 自己 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 己己 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 獨家 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 自家 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 本人 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 自己 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 自己 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 自簡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 自家 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 自己, 自家 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 自家 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 自己 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 自家 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 自己 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 自家 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 自家 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Changting | 自家 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 自家 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 自家 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 自家 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 自家 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 自家 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 自己 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 自己 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 自己 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 自家, 自己 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 自己 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 自家 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 自家 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 自家 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 自家 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 自己, 自家 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 自家, 各人 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 自自 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 自自 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 臧自 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 自自 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 自自 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 自 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 自 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 獨自 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 自儕 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 自家 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 自儕 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 自儕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 家自 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 家己 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 自家 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 家己, 己家 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 己家 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 自己 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 家己, 家己儂 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Phnom Penh (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 家己 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 家己 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 家己 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 你儕 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 家自 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 自家 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 家己 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 自己 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 自家 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 自家 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 自家 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 自家 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 自家 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 自家 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 自家 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 自家 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 自家 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 自家 |
| Wu | Danyang | 自家 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 自家 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 自 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 自家 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 自 |
| Wu | Lishui | 自 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 自 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 自 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 自家 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 自家 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 自家, 自己 |

#### Derived terms

* 自我中心 (zìwǒ zhōngxīn)
* 自我主義 / 自我主义 (zìwǒzhǔyì)
* 自我介紹 / 自我介绍 (zìwǒ jièshào)
* 自我作古
* 自我催眠
* 自我僱用 / 自我雇用
* 自我克制 (zìwǒ kèzhì)
* 自我反省 (zìwǒ fǎnxǐng)
* 自我吹噓 / 自我吹嘘
* 自我奮鬥 / 自我奋斗
* 自我安慰
* 自我實現 / 自我实现
* 自我審查 / 自我审查 (zìwǒ shěnchá)
* 自我導向 / 自我导向
* 自我意識 / 自我意识 (zìwǒ yìshí)
* 自我成才
* 自我批評 / 自我批评 (zìwǒ pīpíng)
* 自我控制 (zìwǒ kòngzhì)
* 自我擴張 / 自我扩张
* 自我政變 / 自我政变 (zìwǒ zhèngbiàn)
* 自我效能 (zìwǒ xiàonéng)
* 自我暗示 (zìwǒ ànshì)
* 自我暴露
* 自我服務 / 自我服务 (zìwǒ fúwù)
* 自我概念 (zìwǒ gàiniàn)
* 自我標榜 / 自我标榜
* 自我檢查 / 自我检查
* 自我檢討 / 自我检讨
* 自我照顧 / 自我照顾 (zìwǒ zhàogù)
* 自我表現 / 自我表现 (zìwǒ biǎoxiàn)
* 自我解嘲
* 自我評價 / 自我评价 (zìwǒ píngjià)
* 自我辯解 / 自我辩解
* 自我防衛 / 自我防卫 (zìwǒ fángwèi)
* 自我陶醉

### Adjective

自我
* self-conscious; self-aware

### Noun

自我
* (psychology) ego

#### See also

* 超我 (chāowǒ)
* 本我 (běnwǒ)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 自 | 我 |
| じ Grade: 2 | が Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じが [jíꜜgà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [d͡ʑiɡa̠]

### Noun

自(じ)我(が) • (jiga)
* self; oneself
* ego

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 自 | 我 |

### Noun

自我 • (jaa) (hangeul 자아)
* hanja form of 자아 (“ego, self”)