# 叨

| 叨 | U+53E8, &#21480; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53E8 |
| ← 叧 [U+53E7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 叩 → [U+53E9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

叨 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口尸竹 (RSH), four-corner 6702$_0$, composition ⿰口刀)

#### Derived characters

* 䬭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 172, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3237
* Dae Jaweon: page 382, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 574, character 1
* Unihan data for U+53E8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 叨 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 刀 | *taːw |
| 忉 | *taːw |
| 魛 | *taːw |
| 舠 | *taːw |
| 朷 | *taːw, *moːɡ |
| 叨 | *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw |
| 倒 | *taːwʔ, *taːws |
| 到 | *taːws |
| 菿 | *taːws, *rtaːwɢ |
| 鞀 | *deːw |
| 鳭 | *rteːw, *teːw |
| 灱 | *hreːw |
| 菬 | *sdew, *tjewʔ |
| 超 | *tʰew |
| 怊 | *tʰew, *tʰjew |
| 欩 | *tʰew |
| 召 | *dews, *djews |
| 昭 | *tjew |
| 招 | *tjew |
| 鉊 | *tjew |
| 沼 | *tjewʔ |
| 照 | *tjews |
| 詔 | *tjews |
| 炤 | *tjews |
| 弨 | *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ |
| 眧 | *tʰjewʔ |
| 韶 | *djew |
| 佋 | *djew, *djewʔ |
| 軺 | *djew, *lew |
| 玿 | *djew |
| 柖 | *djew |
| 紹 | *djewʔ |
| 袑 | *djewʔ |
| 綤 | *djewʔ |
| 邵 | *djews |
| 劭 | *djews |
| 卲 | *djews |
| 刁 | *teːw |
| 芀 | *teːw, *deːw |
| 貂 | *teːw |
| 蛁 | *teːw |
| 迢 | *deːw |
| 苕 | *deːw |
| 髫 | *deːw |
| 岧 | *deːw |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 刀 (OC *taːw).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dāo, dáo (dao$^1$, dao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠ, ㄉㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): to / to͘ / tho / tho͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dao
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^1$
*** Yale: dāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dau
*** Palladius: дао (dao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dáo
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^2$
*** Yale: dáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daur
*** Palladius: дао (dao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^1$
*** Yale: dōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to
*** Tâi-lô: to
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to͘
*** Tâi-lô: too
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dof
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho
*** Tâi-lô: tho
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰo⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho͘
*** Tâi-lô: thoo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tof
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ³³/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tuːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 叨 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2113 |
| Phonetic component | 刀 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 刀 |
| Old Chinese | /*tuːw/ |
| Notes | 啁今字：嘐啁 |

#### Definitions

叨
* to talk on; to chatter; to be excessively talkative
* (ideophonic, of a person near death) gasping for breath; breathing heavily

#### Compounds

* 勞勞叨叨 / 劳劳叨叨
* 叨叨 (dāodao)
* 叨叨絮絮
* 叨咕
* 叨嘮 / 叨唠 (dāolao)
* 叨念 (dāoniàn)
* 叨登
* 叨蹬
* 咕叨 (gūdao)
* 嘮三叨四 / 唠三叨四
* 嘮嘮叨叨 / 唠唠叨叨
* 忙忙叨叨
* 絮叨
* 絮絮叨叨 (xùxudāodāo)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tāo (tao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thau / tho / tho͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tao
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^1$
*** Yale: tāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tau
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^1$
*** Yale: tōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thau
*** Tâi-lô: thau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰau⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho
*** Tâi-lô: tho
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰo⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰo³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho͘
*** Tâi-lô: thoo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tof
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ³³/
* thau - vernacular;
* tho - literary.
* Middle Chinese: thaw
Rime :
| Character | 叨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 土刀切 |
| Baxter | thaw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰaw/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑu/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tou$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 叨 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 2118 |
| Phonetic component | 刀 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 饕 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰaːw/ |
| Notes | 集韻同饕 |

#### Definitions

叨
* Alternative form of 饕 (tāo, “to be greedy for”)
* (humble, used when receiving favour from others) to get the benefit of

#### Compounds

* 叨任
* 叨光 (tāoguāng)
* 叨名
* 叨在知己
* 叨擾 / 叨扰 (tāorǎo)
* 叨攬 / 叨揽
* 叨教
* 叨沓
* 叨濫 / 叨滥
* 叨竊 / 叨窃
* 叨被
* 叨貼 / 叨贴
* 叨賴 / 叨赖
* 叨陪
* 叨飻 (tāotiè)
* 叨餂 / 叨𱃺
* 白叨光

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
*** Tâi-lô: tó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doir
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /to⁵³/

#### Definitions

叨
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 佗 (tó, “which”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tōe / toeh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe
*** Tâi-lô: tuē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doe
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tue³³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: toeh
*** Tâi-lô: tueh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doeq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan): /tueʔ³²/
*** IPA (Yilan): /tueʔ²/

#### Definitions

叨
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) Alternative form of 佗 (tōe, toeh), contraction of 佗位 (tó-ūi, “where”).
** 2015, “夢醒又一回”, in 郭之儀 (lyrics), 鄭喬安 (music), 天頂星, performed by 秀蘭瑪雅 [Showlen Maya]:
       tah-sim ê hái-chiáu, kah gún chin-sim ê tùi-pe̍h, mn̄g gún, sim-ài--ê tī toeh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The thoughtful seabird had a sincere conversation with me, asking me where my beloved is

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: とう (tō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kun: みだりに (midari ni, 叨りに)

## Korean
### Hanja

叨 (eum 도 (do))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

叨: Hán Nôm readings: thao, đâu, đau, đao
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.