# diam
## Translingual
### Symbol

diam
* (mathematics) diameter
    $\mathrm {diam} (X):=\sup\{d(x,y):x,y\in X\}$

## English
### Etymology 1

From diameter.

#### Noun

diam (plural diams)
* Clipping of diameter.

##### Related terms

* diam.

### Etymology 2

From diamond.

#### Noun

diam (plural diams)
* Clipping of diamond.

### Etymology 3

Unadapted borrowing from Malay diam. For some Chinese speakers, Hokkien 恬 (tiām, “silent”) or Teochew 恬 (diam$^7$, “silent”) are alternative derivations.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdi.am/, (some speakers) [tjɑm˦˨]

#### Interjection

diam
* (informal, Singapore, chiefly Malaysia) Be quiet.
** 2004 August 21, intruder, “God so loved the world”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):Diam lah, you have no gal let alone have a son or daughter.
** 2012 September 23, “Najib wants more time for another run.”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):If the answer is affirmative, then he is qualified to talk to us. Otherwise, diam lah.
** 2013 June 7, <par@tmnet.net.my>, “Mooted online media control 'not politically motivated'”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):So diam lah, baruah bangsat!

##### Collocations

(be quiet):
* Diam lah! (Used to tell someone to shut up)

### Further reading

* Singlish vocabulary on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Dima, Madi, aim'd, amid, maid

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay diam, from Proto-Malayic *hidəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidəm. Cognate Old Javanese ḍyam (“silent”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈdiam/ [ˈdi.am]
* Rhymes: -am
* Syllabification: di‧am

### Verb

diam
* to quiet: to become quiet
** with little or no sound
    Antonyms: bersuara, berbicara
** to be calm: with little or no motion;
    Antonym: bergerak
** to be calm: with little or no activity
    Antonyms: berbuat, berusaha

#### Conjugation

$^1$ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

### Adjective

diam
* quiet; silent (with little or no sound)

### Noun

diam (plural diam-diam)
* quiet

#### Synonyms

* senyap

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* diam-diam [reduplication] (redup)
* berdiam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* mendiamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* terdiam [agentless action] (teR-)
* pendiam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* kependiaman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + abstract / locative] (peN- + ke-an)

### Verb

diam
* (obsolete) to stay
    Synonyms: duduk, tinggal

#### Conjugation

$^1$ The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* berdiam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* mendiami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
* kediaman [abstract / locative] (ke-an)

### Further reading

* “diam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

### Anagrams

* idam, madi

## Latin
### Adjective

diam
* accusative feminine singular of dius

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* diem (Javanese Malay)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdiam/ [ˈdi.am]
* Rhymes: -am

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *hidəm, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidəm.

#### Adjective

diam (Jawi spelling ديام)
* quiet; silent (with little or no sound)
* still; stationary (not moving)
* to not do anything.

##### Synonyms

* senyap / سڽڤ

##### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* sediam [comparability] (se-)
* diam-diam [reduplication] (redup)
* berdiam [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* berdiamkan [stative / habitual + causative benefactive] (beR- + -kan)
* mendiami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
* mendiamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* memerdiamkan [causative passive + agent focus + causative benefactive] (peR- + meN- + -kan)
* terdiam [agentless action] (teR-)
* pendiam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* diam ubi lagi kental, diam besi lagi sentil

##### Descendants

* Indonesian: diam
* → English: diam

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

diam (Jawi spelling ديام)
* to stay

##### Synonyms

* duduk (informal)
* tinggal

##### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* mendiami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
* mengediami [intensity + agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (ke- + meN- + -i)
* kediaman [abstract / locative] (ke-an)

### Further reading

* “diam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *hidəm

### Anagrams

* idam