# 甕

| 甕 | U+7515, &#29973; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7515 |
| ← 甔 [U+7514] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甖 → [U+7516] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甕 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜女土弓 (YVGN), four-corner 0071$_7$, composition ⿱雍瓦)

#### Derived characters

* 𥗯, 𨇹, 𪗃

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 752, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21617
* Dae Jaweon: page 1160, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1433, character 5
* Unihan data for U+7515

## Chinese

* 甕 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 甕 (Cantonese)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 郺 | *qoːŋʔ, *qoŋ |
| 齆 | *qoːŋs |
| 甕 | *qoːŋs |
| 罋 | *qoːŋs, *qoŋ |
| 雍 | *qoŋ, *qoŋs |
| 邕 | *qoŋ |
| 嗈 | *qoŋ |
| 灉 | *qoŋ, *qoŋs |
| 癰 | *qoŋ |
| 廱 | *qoŋ |
| 雝 | *qoŋ |
| 壅 | *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs |
| 饔 | *qoŋ |
| 噰 | *qoŋ |
| 澭 | *qoŋ |
| 擁 | *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ |
| 臃 | *qoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoːŋs): phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”).

### Etymology

Probably Sino-Tibetan (Unger, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) provisionally.
Within Chinese, compare 甌 (OC *qoː, “small bowl; small cup”), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), 罌 (OC *qreːŋ, “earthen jar”), 盎 (OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs, “earthen jar”), 癰 (OC *qoŋ, “carbuncle; ulcer”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).
Also compare Tibetan གཞོང (gzhong, “basin; tub; bowl”), Lepcha ᰈᰨᰵᰕᰨ (joŋ-mo, “bucket, tub”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-loŋ² (“pot”) (Unger, 1999).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): wèng (weng$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄨㄥˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ung$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): áe̤ng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àng / òng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wòng
*** Wade–Giles: wêng$^4$
*** Yale: wèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenq
*** Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /wəŋ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ong$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
*** Sinological IPA : /oŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ung$^3$
*** Yale: ung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʊŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: áe̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔyŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àng / òng
*** Tâi-lô: àng / òng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: axng, oxng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /aŋ⁴¹/, /ɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /aŋ¹¹/, /ɔŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²¹/, /ɔŋ²¹/
* àng - vernacular (“urn; classifer”);
* òng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'uwngH
Rime :
| Character | 甕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏貢切 |
| Baxter | 'uwngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔuŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔuŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔuŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔuŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /uŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔuŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ung$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤoŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 甕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔuwng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*qˁoŋ-s/ |
| English | earthen jar |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15401 |
| Phonetic component | 邕 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 瓮 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoːŋs/ |
| Notes | 同甕見易 |

### Definitions

甕
* urn; pottery jar
* (Hokkien) Classifier for earthenware jars, urns, and jugs.
* a surname

### Compounds

* 三百甕虀 / 三百瓮虀
* 人鮓甕 / 人鲊瓮
* 入甕 / 入瓮
* 土甕 / 土瓮
* 寶甕 / 宝瓮
* 忘機甕 / 忘机瓮
* 戛釜撞甕 / 戛釜撞瓮
* 打甕墩盆 / 打瓮墩盆
* 抱甕 / 抱瓮
* 抱甕灌圃 / 抱瓮灌圃
* 抱甕灌園 / 抱瓮灌园
* 提甕 / 提瓮
* 提甕出汲 / 提瓮出汲
* 擊甕 / 击瓮
* 擊甕圖 / 击瓮图
* 春甕 / 春瓮
* 桑樞甕牖 / 桑枢瓮牖
* 水甕 / 水瓮
* 漢陰抱甕 / 汉阴抱瓮
* 瀽甕番盆 / 瀽瓮番盆
* 玉甕 / 玉瓮
* 玉甕春 / 玉瓮春
* 瑤甕 / 瑶瓮
* 瓦甕 / 瓦瓮
* 甕下 / 瓮下
* 甕中之鱉 / 瓮中之鳖
* 甕中捉鱉 / 瓮中捉鳖 (wèngzhōngzhuōbiē)
* 甕人 / 瓮人
* 甕器 / 瓮器
* 甕圈兒 / 瓮圈儿
* 甕城 / 瓮城 (wèngchéng)
* 甕天 / 瓮天
* 甕天蠡海 / 瓮天蠡海
* 甕子 / 瓮子 (wèngzǐ)
* 甕子匠 / 瓮子匠 (wèngzǐjiàng)
* 甕子鍋 / 瓮子锅 (wèngzǐguō)
* 甕安 / 瓮安 (Wèng'ān)
* 甕洞兒 / 瓮洞儿
* 甕溢 / 瓮溢
* 甕牖 / 瓮牖
* 甕牖桑樞 / 瓮牖桑枢
* 甕牖繩樞 / 瓮牖绳枢
* 甕瓦 / 瓮瓦
* 甕盎 / 瓮盎
* 甕盡杯乾 / 瓮尽杯干
* 甕眠 / 瓮眠
* 甕算 / 瓮算
* 甕精 / 瓮精
* 甕罌 / 瓮罂
* 甕羹 / 瓮羹
* 甕聲甕氣 / 瓮声瓮气
* 甕聽 / 瓮听
* 甕菜 / 瓮菜
* 甕虀 / 瓮虀
* 甕裡醯雞 / 瓮里醯鸡
* 甕裏醯雞 / 瓮里醯鸡
* 甕計 / 瓮计
* 甕醅 / 瓮醅
* 甕鑑 / 瓮鉴
* 甕門 / 瓮门
* 甕間 / 瓮间
* 甕間吏部 / 瓮间吏部
* 甕闊 / 瓮阔
* 甕雞 / 瓮鸡
* 甕雷 / 瓮雷 (wèngléi)
* 甕頭 / 瓮头
* 甕頭春 / 瓮头春
* 甕頭清 / 瓮头清
* 甕頭醁 / 瓮头醁
* 甕頭香 / 瓮头香
* 甕鼻 / 瓮鼻
* 甕鼻頭 / 瓮鼻头
* 甕齏 / 瓮齑
* 畢甕 / 毕瓮
* 白米甕 / 白米瓮
* 盆傾甕倒 / 盆倾瓮倒
* 破甕 / 破瓮
* 繩樞甕牖 / 绳枢瓮牖
* 繭甕 / 茧瓮
* 蓬戶甕牖 / 蓬户瓮牖
* 蟻甕 / 蚁瓮
* 覆甕 / 覆瓮
* 覆酒甕 / 覆酒瓮 (fù jiǔwèng)
* 請先入甕 / 请先入瓮
* 請君入甕 / 请君入瓮 (qǐngjūnrùwèng)
* 酒甕 / 酒瓮 (jiǔwèng)
* 醅甕 / 醅瓮
* 醯甕 / 醯瓮
* 醯雞甕 / 醯鸡瓮
* 醯雞甕裡 / 醯鸡瓮里
* 釀甕 / 酿瓮
* 金甕 / 金瓮
* 銀甕 / 银瓮
* 鐵甕 / 铁瓮
* 鐵甕城 / 铁瓮城 (Tiě Wèngchéng)
* 飯囊酒甕 / 饭囊酒瓮
* 飯甕 / 饭瓮
* 鮓甕 / 鲊瓮

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02619
* “甕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* jug, cistern

#### Readings

* Go-on: う (u)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)
* Kun: かめ (kame, 甕)、みか (mika, 甕)、みかわ (mikawa, 甕)、もたい (motai, 甕)、たしらか (tashiraka, 甕)

##### Compounds

* 浅甕(さらけ) (sarake)
* 斎甕(ゆか) (yuka)
* 斎甕物(ゆかもの) (yukamono)
* 甕菜(ようさい) (yōsai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 甕
* かめ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 瓶

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かめ [kàméꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠me̞]

#### Noun

甕(かめ) • (kame)
* earthenware pot

##### Derived terms

* 合(あ)わせ口甕棺(ぐちかめかん) (awaseguchikamekan)
* 甕棺(かめかん) (kamekan)
* 甕(かめ)の蓋(ふた) (kame no futa)
* こわれ甕(がめ) (kowaregame)
* 酒甕(さかがめ) (sakagame)
* 酢甕(すがめ) (sugame)
* 水甕(みずがめ) (mizugame)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 甕
* みか Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
御 (mi-, “honorific prefix”) +‎ か (ka, “vessel”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mʲika̠]

#### Noun

甕(みか) • (mika)
* large earthenware pot for brewing sake

##### Derived terms

* 武甕槌神(たけみかづちのかみ) (Takemikazuchi no Kami)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 甕
* みかわ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mʲika̠β̞a̠]

#### Noun

甕(みかわ) • (mikawa)
* large earthenware pot for brewing sake

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 甕
* もたい Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 瓮

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mo̞ta̠i]

#### Noun

甕(もたい) • (motai)
* earthenware vessel for sake, etc

### Etymology 5

* Kanji in this term
* 甕
* たしらか Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ta̠ɕiɾa̠ka̠]

#### Noun

甕(たしらか) • (tashiraka)
* earthenware vessel used by the emperor to clean his hands

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

甕 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甕: Hán Nôm readings: úng, ống, ổng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.