# kar
## Translingual
### Symbol

kar
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Karenic languages.

## English
### Noun

kar (plural kars)
* (marketing, in product names) Deliberate misspelling of car.
** 1989, International Shrine Clowns Association, page 26:In the fifties the need for a Klown vehicle was evident and a King Midget Frame was acquired and a Klown Kar was added.

### See also

* kar seva

### Anagrams

* RAK, Ark, Ark., KRA, Kra, kra, RKA, ark, AKR

## Achi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare with other Mayan – Quichean–Mamean K'iche' kar

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kar/

### Noun

kar
* fish (plural) karaiib'

### References

* Academia de Lenguas Mayas de Guatemala, Achi - castellano (2000)
* livingdictionaries fish (kar) wav recording 2022

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch kar, from Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kar/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kar (plural karre, diminutive karretjie)
* cart
* car, automobile

#### Synonyms

* wa

#### Derived terms

* polisiekar

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Romani kar, from Prakrit *𑀓𑀸𑀝 (*kāṭa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaɾ]
* IPA: [kaɹ] (Gheg)

### Noun

kar m (plural kar, definite kari, definite plural karet)
* (anatomy) penis
* (slang, vulgar) cock, dick

#### Synonyms

* penis m (chiefly formal)
* bile m
* luc m (childish)
* karuc m (colloquial, slightly vulgar, diminutive)
* dërrasë f (vulgar)
* hu m (vulgar)

#### Derived terms

* karuc m (diminutive)

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kar”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 170

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Persian کر (kar).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

kar (comparative daha kar, superlative ən kar)
* deaf
* (phonetics, of a consonant) voiceless
    kar samitlər ― voiceless consonants

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “of a consonant”): cingiltili

## Breton
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑːr/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *kar, from Proto-Celtic *karants.

#### Noun

kar m (plural kerent)
* relative

##### Mutation
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kar
* Hard mutation of gar.

##### Mutation
## Chuukese
### Adjective

kar
* hot

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkar]

### Noun

kar m inan
* cirque

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “kar”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kar”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse ker.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka/, [kʰɑ]
* Rhymes: -ar

### Noun

kar n (singular definite karret, plural indefinite kar)
* vessel
* trough
* tub

#### Derived terms

* badekar

### Further reading

* “kar” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “kar” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑr/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kar
* Rhymes: -ɑr

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros. Doublet of ros.

#### Noun

kar f (plural karren, diminutive karretje n)
* a cart, vehicle on wheels without motor
* any wheeled vehicle, in particular a car or truck

##### Synonyms

* wagen

##### Derived terms

* beerkar
* golfkar
* handkar
* hondenkar
* huifkar
* karren (verb)
* karrenvracht
* mestkar
* ossenkar
* racekar
* sleepkar
* steekkar
* stootkar
* strijdkar
* vuilkar
* vuilniskar
* winkelkar

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: kar
* → Caribbean Hindustani: gári
* → Javanese: ꦏꦲꦂ (kahar)
** → Indonesian: kahar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

kar
* verb form of karren

## Elfdalian
### Noun

kar n
* tub, bathtub

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɒr]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒr

### Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *karï (“forearm”) via Bulgar, compare Chuvash хур (hur, “span”).

#### Noun

kar (plural karok)
* arm (upper limb of a human or animal)
* lever (a rod with one end fixed, which can be pulled to trigger or control a mechanical device)
* crank (bent piece of an axle used to impart a rotation to a mechanical device)
* (only with the suffix -ban (“in”), often preceded by jó (“good”) or rossz (“bad”)) condition (the state or quality; the health status of a medical patient)

##### Derived terms

* kari
* karol
* karos
* karú
* alkar
* erőkar
* felkar
* karbantart → karbantartás, karbantartó
* karfa
* karing
* karizom
* karkötő
* karlyuk
* karszalag
* tárt karokkal

### Etymology 2

From Latin chorus.

#### Noun

kar (plural karok)
* faculty (scholarly staff at colleges or universities; usually preceded by the adjective denoting the members, e.g. tanári kar (“teaching staff”))
* faculty (department at a university, e.g. that of arts, science, or law)
    Meronym: tanszék
* a group of people performing together (choir, chorus, chorus line, ensemble, etc.)
    Hyponyms: énekkar, tánckar, zenekar

##### Usage notes

These two nouns are almost completely homonymous except for the third person single-object possessive forms and all multiple-object possessive forms, the first one (with the sense "arm") having an extra -j- between the root and the possessive ending.

##### Derived terms

* kari
* énekkar
* kardal
* karmester
* karnagy
* karzat
* tánckar
* zenekar

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “karı:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 644-645
* ↑ Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume I, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 492-494
* ↑ kar in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
* ↑ Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “kar”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), volume II, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 361

### Further reading

* (arm, lever): kar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* (faculty; ensemble): kar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

### Anagrams

* rak

## Iban
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kar]

### Noun

kar
* map

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰaːr/
* Rhymes: -aːr

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Danish kar, from Old Norse ker. Doublet of ker. Cognate with Swedish kar.

#### Noun

kar n (genitive singular kars, nominative plural kör)
* tub

##### Derived terms

* baðkar

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English car.

#### Noun

kar n (genitive singular kars, nominative plural kör)
* (colloquial, North America) car, automobile
    Synonym: bíll (standard)

##### Related terms

* (colloquial, North American) strítkar (“streetcar”)

## Kaingang
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɾ/, [ˈkaɾɐ]

### Adjective

kar
* every; all

## K'iche'
### Noun

kar
* fish

## Latvian
### Verb

kar
* inflection of kārt:
** second/third-person singular present indicative
** third-person plural present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
* (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of kārt
* (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of kārt

## Ngarrindjeri
### Pronoun

kar
* they

## Northern Kurdish
### Noun

kar m
* work, labor

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz.

#### Noun

kar m (definite singular karen, indefinite plural karer, definite plural karene)
* a bloke, chap, fellow, guy, man

##### Usage notes

* Between 1938 and 1983, kara was a co-standard definite plural form. The form is now considered dialectal. This morphological peculiarity was shared with a choice other masculine nouns: gamp, gutt, hest, and tupp.

##### Derived terms

* ågerkar

### Etymology 2

From Danish kar, from Old Norse ker, in the sense of blood vessels influenced by Latin vas.

#### Noun

kar n (definite singular karet, indefinite plural kar, definite plural kara or karene)
* a container, vessel, tub, vat
* a (fish) trap (e.g. for salmon)
* a pier (for a bridge)
* a vessel, artery, tube in a body or plant

##### Derived terms

* badekar
* blodkar
* brokar

### References

* “kar” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “kar_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “kar_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑːr/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of kall.

#### Noun

kar m (definite singular karen, indefinite plural karar, definite plural karane)
* a bloke, chap, fellow, guy, man
    Synonyms: fyr, mann, type

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą. Doublet of kjer.

#### Noun

kar n (definite singular karet, indefinite plural kar, definite plural kara)
* a vessel, tub (container of liquid or other substance)

##### Derived terms

* badekar
* blodkar

### References

* “kar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* ark, kra, rak

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkar/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ar
* Syllabification: kar

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Kar, from Middle High German kar, from Old High German char, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.

#### Noun

kar m inan
* cirque, combe, corrie, cwm
    Synonyms: cyrk lodowcowy, kocioł

##### Derived terms

* karowy

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kar f
* genitive plural of kara

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

kar n
* genitive plural of karo

### Further reading

* kar in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kar in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romani
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit *𑀓𑀸𑀝 (*kāṭa). Cognate with Gujarati કાડ (kāḍ), Hindustani کاڑْھ / काढ़ (kāṛh), Marathi काड (kāḍ, “straw”), Sindhi کاڙُ (kāṛu).

### Noun

kar m
* penis

#### Descendants

* Angloromani: kor, kori, korri, kuri
** → English: corey, cory
* → Albanian: kar

### References

* 1 2 3 Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kāṭa2”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 154
* 1 2 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “kar¹”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 135b
* ↑ Andrea Scala (2020) “Romani Lexicon”, in Yaron Matras, Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 92

## Sumerian
### Romanization

kar
* Romanization of 𒋼𒀀 (kar)

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑːr/
* Homophone: karl

### Noun

kar n
* tub
* bathtub
    Synonym: badkar

#### Derived terms

* badkar
* brunnskar
* bykkar
* garvkar
* karbad
* laxkar
* mjödkar
* mäskkar
* plåtkar
* rökelsekar
* saltkar
* sköljkar
* smörjelsekar
* träkar
* öskar

### References

* kar in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* kar in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kar in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* kar in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

### Anagrams

* ark, rak

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from English car, from Middle English carre, from Anglo-Norman carre, from Old Northern French, from Latin carrus. Doublet of karo.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈkaɾ/ [ˈkaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: kar

### Noun

kar (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜇ᜔)
* car
    Synonyms: kotse, awto, awtomobil

#### Related terms

* karera
* karir

### Further reading

* “kar”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Zorc, David Paul (1981) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 2, page 78

## Tat
### Etymology

Cognate with Persian کار (kâr).

### Noun

kar
* work

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English car.

### Noun

kar
* car

#### Synonyms

* ka

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaɾ/, [ˈkʰɑɾ̞̊]

### Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish قار (kar, “snow”), from Proto-Turkic *kār (“snow”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰺 (kar, “snow”), Proto-Mongolic *karig (“strong coldness”).

#### Noun

kar (definite accusative karı, plural karlar)
* snow

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
kar
karlar
definite accusative
karı
karları
dative
kara
karlara
locative
karda
karlarda
ablative
kardan
karlardan
genitive
karın
karların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
karım
karlarım
2nd singular
karın
karların
3rd singular
karı
karları
1st plural
karımız
karlarımız
2nd plural
karınız
karlarınız
3rd plural
karları
karları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
karımı
karlarımı
2nd singular
karını
karlarını
3rd singular
karını
karlarını
1st plural
karımızı
karlarımızı
2nd plural
karınızı
karlarınızı
3rd plural
karlarını
karlarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
karıma
karlarıma
2nd singular
karına
karlarına
3rd singular
karına
karlarına
1st plural
karımıza
karlarımıza
2nd plural
karınıza
karlarınıza
3rd plural
karlarına
karlarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
karımda
karlarımda
2nd singular
karında
karlarında
3rd singular
karında
karlarında
1st plural
karımızda
karlarımızda
2nd plural
karınızda
karlarınızda
3rd plural
karlarında
karlarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
karımdan
karlarımdan
2nd singular
karından
karlarından
3rd singular
karından
karlarından
1st plural
karımızdan
karlarımızdan
2nd plural
karınızdan
karlarınızdan
3rd plural
karlarından
karlarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
karımın
karlarımın
2nd singular
karının
karlarının
3rd singular
karının
karlarının
1st plural
karımızın
karlarımızın
2nd plural
karınızın
karlarınızın
3rd plural
karlarının
karlarının
Predicative forms
singular
plural
1st singular
karım
karlarım
2nd singular
karsın
karlarsın
3rd singular
kar kardır
karlar karlardır
1st plural
karız
karlarız
2nd plural
karsınız
karlarsınız
3rd plural
karlar
karlardır :

##### Derived terms

* kar tanesi
* kardan adam (“snowman”)
* karlı
* karlık
* karlılık
* karsız
* karsızlık

##### See also

* kâr
* yağmur

#### Further reading

* “kar”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

kar
* second-person singular imperative of karmak

## Uzbek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian کر (kar).

### Adjective

kar (comparative karroq, superlative eng kar)
* deaf

#### Derived terms

* karlik

## West Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian kere, from Proto-Germanic *kuziz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews- (“to test, taste, choose”).

### Noun

kar c (plural karren)
* choice

#### Derived terms

* foarkar

#### Further reading

* “kar”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

## Yurok
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɹ/

### Noun

kar
* key

## Zazaki
### Noun

kar
* (grammar) verb

#### Synonyms

* fiil