# ang
## Translingual
### Etymology 1

Possibly clipping of Anglo-Saxon (“Old English”).

#### Symbol

ang
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Old English.

#### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Old English terms

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ang
* (computing) Alternative letter-case form of ANG.

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *anga, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(o)nǵʰ- (“narrow”), Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“to constrict”). Cognate to Latin angō (“to cramp (up), constrict”), German eng (“narrow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aŋ(ɡ)/

### Noun

ang m (definite angje, definite plural angu) (dialectal)
* nightmare
* incubus
* (mythology) shapeless ghost who appears in dreams

#### Derived terms

* ankth
* angësht
* angërduf
* angari
* angullin

#### Related terms

* eng

### References

* ↑ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 79
* ↑ Tirta, Mark (2004). Petrit Bezhani (ed.). Mitologjia ndër shqiptarë (in Albanian). Tirana: Mësonjëtorja. →ISBN.
* ↑ Tirta 2004, pp. 132–137.

## Atong (India)
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-j ~ ka.

### Pronoun

ang
* I

### References

* van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaŋ/ [ʔaŋ]

### Particle

ang (Basahan spelling ᜀᜅ᜔)
* Alternative form of an

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Proto-Central Philippine *aŋ. Cognate with Tagalog ang, Bikol Central an, Hiligaynon ang, Waray-Waray an, Kapampangan ing, Tausug in. Compare archaic ing, now used in the form 'y.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaŋ/ [ʔɐŋ]

### Article

ang
* direct marker for all nouns other than personal proper nouns
    Midagan ang lalaki.The man ran.
    Gikaon sa iring ang isda.The cat ate the fish.

#### See also

| | | Direct | Direct | Indirect | Indirect | Oblique |
| | | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Oblique |
| Common | Singular | ang | ing$^†$, 'y | sa, sang$^†$ | og | sa |
| Common | Plural | ang mga | ing mga$^†$, 'y mga | sa mga, sang mga$^†$ | og mga | sa mga |
| Personal | Singular | si | si | ni | ni | kang* |
| Personal | Plural | sila ni, silang sa$^†$ | sila ni, silang sa$^†$ | nila ni, nilang na$^†$ | nila ni, nilang na$^†$ | (kan)ila ni*, (kan)ilang* ka$^†$ |
| $^†$Archaic *Indirect personal forms used instead in colloquial speech. |||||||

## Dimasa
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa.

### Pronoun

áng
* I

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French angle.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ãɡ/, [ãŋ]

### Noun

ang
* angle

## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of ang – see 翁 (“elderly man; father; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 翁).

## Irish
### Noun

ang f (genitive singular anga, nominative plural angaí)
* Alternative form of eang (“track, gusset”)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ang
angaí
vocative
a ang
a angaí
genitive
anga
angaí
dative
ang
angaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ang
na hangaí
genitive
na hanga
na n-angaí
dative
leis an ang don ang
leis na hangaí :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ang”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Jingpho
### Etymology

Borrowed from Burmese အင် (ang).

### Noun

ang
* water basin

### References

* Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎, volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

## Mandarin
### Romanization

ang
* Nonstandard spelling of āng.
* Nonstandard spelling of áng.
* Nonstandard spelling of ǎng.
* Nonstandard spelling of àng.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Minangkabau
### Pronoun

ang
* you, your, yours; Second-person singular pronoun (informal)
    Synonyms: angkau, awak, kau

## Mokilese
### Noun

ang (construct angen)
* claw (of a lobster or crab)
* tentacle
* ray (of sunlight)

#### References

* Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese-English Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1977

## Old Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːŋ/

### Determiner

āng
* Alternative form of ēnich

#### References

* Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

## Old Norse
### Etymology

Unclear origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”).

### Noun

ang n
* fragrance

#### Related terms

* anga
* angi

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “ang”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* 'ng — contraction, informal, after words ending with vowel, usually in set phrases

### Etymology

From Proto-Central Philippine *aŋ. Cognate with Bikol Central an, Cebuano ang, Hiligaynon ang, Waray-Waray an. See also Kapampangan ing and Tausug in.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔaŋ/ [ʔɐŋ]
* Rhymes: -aŋ
* Syllabification: ang
* Homophone: Ang

### Article

ang (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜅ᜔)
* direct marker for all nouns other than personal proper nouns
    Tumakbo ang lalaki.The man ran.
    Kinain ng pusa ang isda.The cat ate the fish.
    Ang kidlat ay gumuguhit ng mga ugat sa taniman ng langit.(The) lightning sketches roots under the soil of the sky.
* used with a quality for emphasis and to give it an adjectival meaning
    Synonyms: (Rizal) bang, (Cavite) dang, (Nueva Ecija) budang
    Ang ganda! ― How pretty! (literally, “The beauty!”)
    Ang tapang! ― How audacious! (literally, “The audacity!”)

#### Usage notes

* This particle is analyzed as the definite article (i.e., the) when used alone, and the indefinite article (i.e., a or an) when used with the numeral isa (“one”).
    ang araw ― the sun
    ang isang tao ― a person
* Direct personal proper nouns (primarily names) are marked with si.

#### See also
### Further reading

* “ang”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “ang”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Zorc, David Paul (1979–1983) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 1, page 18
* Robert Blust (2012) “The Proto—Malayo-Polynesian Multiplicative Ligature *ŋa: A Reply to Reid”, in Oceanic Linguistics‎, volume 51, number 2, →ISSN, pages 538–566

### Anagrams

* nag-, nga, Gan

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* (central Vietnam, southern Vietnam) ảng

### Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 盎 (SV: áng).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˧˧]
* Audio (Saigon):(file)

### Noun

(classifier cái) ang • (盎, 𤮃, 坱, 央, 垵)
* (Northern Vietnam) a kind of water container
* a kind of betel container
* (historical) a traditional instrument made from wood or bamboo, used to measure grain