# 夆

| 夆 | U+5906, &#22790; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5906 |
| ← 夅 [U+5905] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 备 → [U+5907] |
| 夆 | U+2F85C, &#194652; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85C |
| ← 壷 [U+2F85B] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 多 → [U+2F85D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

夆 (Kangxi radical 34, 夂+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹水手十 (HEQJ), four-corner 2750$_4$, composition ⿱夂丰)
* resist

#### Derived characters

* 蜂, 捀, 逢, 𠉏, 髼, 㛔, 䀱, 𧧽, 韸, 捀, 䴶, 䏺, 𦜁, 𣇔, 鋒(锋), 琒, 浲, 烽, 㶻, 桻, 莑, 𩡇, 𥭗, 綘, 𥹾, 埄, 峯, 峰, 𧚋, 𩊩, 𪔞, 𢈦, 𢓱, 𢌢, 艂, 𥍮. 㸼, 𧋴, 𧒒, 𡨛, 𤖀

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 244, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5698
* Dae Jaweon: page 485, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 868, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5906
* Unihan data for U+2F85C

## Chinese

* A user suggests that this Chinese entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “This character belongs to phonetic series 丰. The character that belongs to series 丯 is 𡕗. Historic pronunciation /ɦɑiH/ in section Pronunciation may need to be moved too”.
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 夆
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 夆 | *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds |
| 丯 | *kreːds |
| 瘛 | *kʰjeds, *ɡeːds, *kʰjed |
| 觢 | *ɡjeds |
| 契 | *kʰeːds, *kʰeːd, *kʰeːd, *kʰɯd |
| 栔 | *kʰeːds |
| 禊 | *ɡeːds |
| 稧 | *ɡeːds |
| 楔 | *kreːd, *sqʰeːd |
| 葜 | *kʰreːd |
| 猰 | *qreːd, *kraːd, *kʰeːd |
| 窫 | *qreːd |
| 揳 | *sqʰeːd |
| 偰 | *sqʰeːd |
| 潔 | *keːd |
| 絜 | *keːd, *ɡeːd |
| 鍥 | *keːd, *kʰeːd |
| 挈 | *kʰeːd |
| 蛪 | *kʰeːd |
| 齧 | *ŋeːd |
| 褉 | *qʰeːd |
| 喫 | *ŋ̊ʰeːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds): semantic 夂 (“footprint pointing down, walk”) + phonetic 丰 (OC *pʰoŋ, “bush, brush”) – to meet. According to Ji Xushen (季旭昇), a foot walking through brush, which resists being moved through.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): féng (feng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fung$^1$ / fung$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: féng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fóng
*** Wade–Giles: fêng$^2$
*** Yale: féng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ferng
*** Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fung$^1$ / fung$^4$
*** Yale: fūng / fùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fung$^1$ / fung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fung$^1$ / fung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊŋ⁵⁵/, /fʊŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: bjowng
Rime :
| Character | 夆 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符容切 |
| Baxter | bjowng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /bioŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | féng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fung$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*boŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 夆 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 3237 |
| Phonetic component | 丰 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 逢 |
| Old Chinese | /*boŋ/ |

##### Definitions

夆
* to meet

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): páng (pang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: páng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: páng
*** Wade–Giles: pʻang$^2$
*** Yale: páng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
*** Palladius: пан (pan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑŋ³⁵/

##### Definitions

夆
* a surname

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hŏng / hông
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hŏng
*** Tâi-lô: hőng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ³⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
*** Tâi-lô: hông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/

##### Definitions

夆
* Contraction of 予儂 / 予侬 (hō͘ lâng, literally “by person”)
** precedes a verb to indicate the passive voice
       From: 2020, 環境資訊中心, "【蠻野講堂】台語棲地復育系列座談─植物ê媒人：蜂、蝴蝶佮蛾仔"
       Hêng-phang kan-ta kah hiō-phang kau-bóe, soah ah khó-lêng tiō ē in-ūi chia̍h-mi̍h bô-kàu hőng kóaⁿ-chhut siū-gōa. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       A male bee only copulate with the queen bee, and he may be banished from the honeycomb because of insufficient food after that.
** be ... [passive voice of a verb] by a person/people
       From: 2020, 公視新聞網 PNN, "反送中人士指控 懲教所人員對ﰀ起跤動手"
       Kū-nî ê Hiang-káng hoán-sàng-tiong sū-kiāⁿ, iú kúi-nā chheng lâng hőng lia̍h--khì. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       On the anti-extradition law amendment bill incident last year, there was several thousands of people being arrested by people.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夆 – see 豐 (“luxuriant; lush; abundant; bountiful; plenty; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 豐).

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夆 – see 鋒 (“pointed edge; cutting edge; vanguard; pioneer; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 鋒).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夆 – see 蜂 (“Apoidea or Vespa; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蜂).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夆 – see 峰 (“peak; summit; hump; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 峰).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 7

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夆 – see 烽 (“signal fire; the tower where such a signal fire is lit”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 烽).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* resist

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ほう (hō)、ふ (fu)、ば (ba)
* Kun: さからう (sakarau, 夆らう)、ひく (hiku, 夆く)、あう (au, 夆う)、あつい (atsui, 夆い)

## Korean
### Hanja

夆 • (bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune–Reischauer pong)
* chisel
* to pull
* to guide, lead