# couple
## English
### Alternative forms

* copel (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English couple, from Old French couple, from Latin cōpula. Doublet of copula.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʌpəl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌpəl

### Noun

couple (plural couples)
* Two of the same kind connected or considered together.
    A couple of police officers appeared at the door.
** 1692, Roger L'Estrange, Fables, of Aesop and Other Eminent Mythologists: with Morals and Reflexions‎, page 64:'Tis in some sort with Friends (Pardon the Coarseness of the illustration) as it is with Dogs in Couples. They should be of the same Size; and Humour; and That which Pleases the One should Please the Other
** 1839, Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby:[…] couple of tables; one of which bore some preparations for supper; while, on the other […]
* Two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship.
** 1729, [Jonathan Swift], A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children of Poor People from Being a Burthen to Their Parents, or the Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick, Dublin: […] S[arah] Harding, […], →OCLC, page 5:The number of Souls in the Kingdom being uſually reckon'd one Million and a half, Of theſe I calculate there may be about tvvo hundred thouſand Couple vvhoſe VVives are Breeders, from vvhich Number I Subſtract thirty Thouſand Couples, vvho are able to maintain their ovvn Children, […]
* (informal) A small number.
    Synonyms: a few, several, various
    Coordinate term: handful
** 1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC:A couple of billiard balls, all mud and dirt, two battered hats, a champagne bottle […]
** 1891, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Red-Headed League:‘Oh, merely a couple of hundred a year, but the work is slight, and it need not interfere very much with one’s other occupations.’
** 1902, A. Henry Savage Landor, Across Coveted Lands‎:When we got on board again after a couple of hours on shore […]
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:Thinks I to myself, “Sol, you're run off your course again. This is a rich man's summer ‘cottage’ […].” So I started to back away again into the bushes. But I hadn't backed more'n a couple of yards when I see something so amazing that I couldn't help scooching down behind the bayberries and looking at it.
** 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:And no use for anyone to tell Charles that this was because the Family was in mourning for Mr Granville Darracott […]: Charles might only have been second footman at Darracott Place for a couple of months when that disaster occurred, but no one could gammon him into thinking that my lord cared a spangle for his heir.
* One of the pairs of plates of two metals which compose a voltaic battery, called a voltaic couple or galvanic couple.
* (physics) A turning effect created by forces that produce a non-zero external torque.
* (architecture) A couple-close.
* That which joins or links two things together; a bond or tie; a coupler.
** c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:I’ll keep my stables where / I lodge my wife; I’ll go in couples with her;
** 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 27:As we passed the deserted mountain-dairy, we must have crossed the fresh track of a hare, because the hounds became rather uneasy in the couples.

#### Usage notes

* A traditional and still broadly accepted usage of couple is as a noun followed by "of" to mean "two", as in "a couple of people". In this usage, "a couple of" is equivalent to "a pair of".
* The very widespread use of the same expression (e.g. "a couple of people") to mean any small number is often considered informal but is in fact very old and often considered unobjectionable on all levels of style, sometimes even contradictorily by the same publication that labels this use as informal elsewhere on the same page, e.g. The American Heritage Dictionary.
    The farm is a couple of miles off the main highway [= a few miles away].
    We’re going out to a restaurant with a couple of friends [= a few friends].
    Wait a couple of minutes [= a few minutes].
* Couple or a couple is also used informally and formally as an adjective or determiner (see definition below) to mean "a few", in which case it is not followed by "of". Many usage manuals advise against this widespread use although The Merriam-Webster Dictionary points out that this use before a word indicating degree is standard in both US and UK English (e.g. "a couple more examples" or "a couple less problems"). Only its use before an ordinary plural noun is an Americanism with some prevalence in Canada, which the dictionary explains is "common in speech and in writing that is not meant to be formal or elevated". This use is especially frequent with numbers, time, and other measurements, such as "a couple hundred", "a couple minutes", and "a couple dozen".

#### Synonyms

* (two partners): twosome
* (two things of the same kind): brace, pair; see also Thesaurus:duo
* (a small number of): few, handful

#### Derived terms

* active couple
* argue like a married couple
* argue like an old married couple
* bicker like a married couple
* bicker like an old married couple
* bridal couple
* coupla
* couple-beggar
* couple-close
* coupledom
* couplehood
* couple-ish
* couple three
* couple-three
* couple up
* coupley
* couplezilla
* couplish
* couply
* fight like a married couple
* fight like an old married couple
* galvanic couple
* have a couple
* in a couple of shakes
* incouple
* intercouple
* married couple
* medcouple
* noncouple
* odd couple
* power couple
* Romeo and Juliet couple
* supercouple
* thermocouple
* throuple
* voltaic couple

#### Translations
### Adjective

couple (not comparable)
* (informal, US, Canada) Two or (a) small number of.
** 2005, Deirdre Savoy, Body of Truth, page 179:Put any couple guys in a tricked out car and a couple of bandannas […] " He trailed off.
** 2005, Elaine Bonzelaar, Those First Two Years, page 47:Since we were now living so close, at least those couple hours of talking together helped boost our spirits.
** 2006, Eric Nolen-Weathington, George A. Khoury, Arthur Adams, Modern Masters: Arthur Adams, volume six, page 22:Apparently, Ann in particular liked these couple pages of the character thing.

### Determiner

couple
* (colloquial, US, Canada) Two or a few, a small number of.
    A couple fewer people show up every week.
    I'll be there in a couple minutes.
** 1922, “Lewis J. Bennett et al vs. Sebastien L. Petrino”, in State of New York Supreme Court Appellate Division - Fourth Department:Q. (Mr. Feldman, atty) You say you lived upstairs? A. (Emma Moore) I lived upstairs. Q. Until when? A. About couple months we lived upstairs. Q. Up until couple months ago? A. No, couple months after we moved in there because the down stairs was not finished.
** 2007, Jeffrey Lent, Lost Nation‎, page 182:Couple boys from way downcountry come for a summer in the woods. Isaac Cole talked to em.
** 2011, Elizabeth Eulberg, Prom and Prejudice‎:[At a pizza parlor] "Couple slices would be great. […]

### Verb

couple (third-person singular simple present couples, present participle coupling, simple past and past participle coupled)
* (transitive) To join (two things) together, or (one thing) to (another).
    Now the conductor will couple the train cars.
    I've coupled our system to theirs.
** 2023 October 28, Leighton Koopman, “YES!!! The Springboks beat the All Blacks to win another Rugby World Cup title”, in Independent Online‎:Some gritty defence at the death, coupled with some key big moments from individual players at critical times helped secure the win as the All Blacks fought with 14 men for a big chunk of the final after a red card to captain Sam Cane.
* (transitive, dated) To join in wedlock; to marry.
** 1801, Jonathan Swift, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, Volume 14‎, page 59:I am just going to perform a very good office, it is to assist with the archbishop, in degrading a parson who couples all our beggars
* (intransitive) To join in sexual intercourse; to copulate.
** 1987, Alan Norman Bold, Robert Giddings, Who was really who in fiction, Longman:On their wedding night they coupled nine times.
** 2001, John Fisher, Geoff Garvey, The rough guide to Crete,, page 405:She had the brilliant inventor and craftsman Daedalus construct her an artificial cow, in which she hid and induced the bull to couple with her […]
* (transitive) To cause (two animals) to copulate, to bring (two animals) together for mating.
** 1890, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 2, page 328:The Parilia was generally considered to be the best time for coupling the rams and the ewes.
* (horse racing, transitive) To enter (multiple horses with the same owner) into a race so that a single bet can be placed on any of them winning.

#### Synonyms

* (to join together): affix, attach, put together; see also Thesaurus:join
* (to join in wedlock): bewed, espouse; see also Thesaurus:marry
* (to join in sexual intercourse): have sex, make love; see also Thesaurus:copulate

#### Derived terms

* accouple
* couplable
* coupling (noun)
* coupling rod (a rod that couples)
* decouple, decoupled
* outcouple
* recouple
* uncouple

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* culpeo

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French couple, from Vulgar Latin *cōpla, from Latin cōpula. Doublet of copule.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kupl/
* Audio (France):(file)

### Noun

couple m (plural couples)
* two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship
    Jean et Amélie forment un joli couple. ― Jean and Amélie make a cute couple.
* (physics) a force couple; a pure moment
* (mathematics) an ordered pair

### Noun

couple f (plural couples)
* (animal husbandry) an accessory used to tightly attach two animals next to each other by the neck
* (regional) a pair of something
* (North America) a couple of something, not to be mistaken as a few
** 1999, Chrystine Brouillet, Les Fiancées de l'Enfer, →ISBN, page 200:Je veux une pause pour une couple de jour.I need a pause for a couple days.

#### Related terms

* couplage
* coupler

### Further reading

* “couple”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* copule, copulé

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old French couple, from Latin cōpula.

#### Alternative forms

* copill, cople, copull, coupull, cowpulle, cupil, cuple, cupple

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkupəl/, /ˈkuplə/, /ˈkuː-/

#### Noun

couple (plural couples or couple)
* A group of two (especially living beings; never three or more as in modern English):
** A couple; two people joined in marriage.
** A breeding pair; two animals to be bred with each other.
* A lead or tie linked to two dogs to restrain them.
* A unit of measure for (especially dried) fruits.
* (architecture) One of two opposing roof beams (or the two as a pair)
* (rare) Sexual intercourse; the act of sex.

##### Derived terms

* couplen
* couplynge

##### Descendants

* English: couple
* Scots: couple, kipple

##### References

* “cǒuple, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-06.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

couple
* Alternative form of couplen

## Old French
### Alternative forms

* cople, cuple

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *copla, from Latin cōpula.

### Noun

couple oblique singular, f (oblique plural couples, nominative singular couple, nominative plural couples)
* couple (two things)
* sexual liaison

#### Usage notes

* Occasionally used as a masculine noun (le couple)

#### Descendants

* French: couple
* Norman: couplle, coupl'ye
* → Middle English: couple, copill, cople, copull, coupull, cowpulle, cupil, cuple, cupple
** English: couple
** Scots: couple, kipple