# मद्य
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मद्य (mádya). Doublet of माँजा (māñjā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /məd̪.jᵊ/, [mɐd̪.jᵊ]

### Noun

मद्य • (madya) m
* (rare, formal) any intoxicating drink, liquor, wine, alcohol
    Synonyms: मदिरा (madirā), सुरा (surā), शराब (śarāb), दारू (dārū)

#### Declension
### References

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “मद्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मद्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मद्य (mádya). Doublet of माज (māj). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘦𑘟𑘿𑘧 (madya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /məd̪.jə/

### Noun

मद्य • (madya) n
* wine
* vinous or spirituous liquor

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “मद्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मद्य”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “मद्य”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মদ্য (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬤ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
* মদ্য (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰟𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀤𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* မဒျ (Burmese script)
* મદ્ય (Gujarati script)
* ਮਦ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑌦𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦢꦾ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂠𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಮದ್ಯ (Kannada script)
* មទ្យ (Khmer script)
* ມທ຺ຍ (Lao script)
* മദ്യ (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᠠᡩᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘟𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠠᢑᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑦿𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐡𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
* ମଦ୍ଯ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢣ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆢𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖟𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
* මද්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩭 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚛𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
* மத்³ய (Tamil script)
* మద్య (Telugu script)
* มทฺย (Thai script)
* མ་དྱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒠𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨛𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *m̥h₂d-yó-s, from *meh₂d- (“to be wet”). Related to मदिर (madira).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /mɐ́d.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /mɐd̪.jɐ/

### Adjective

मद्य • (mádya) stem
* intoxicating, exhilarating, gladdening, lovely
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.68.2:प्र वामन्धांसि मद्यान्य्अस्थुररं गन्तं हविषो वीतये मे ।pra vāmandhāṃsi madyānyasthuraraṃ gantaṃ haviṣo vītaye me.The gladdening juices stand prepared before you: come quickly and partake of my oblation.

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic

### Noun

मद्य • (mádya) stem, n
* any intoxicating drink, vinous or spiritous liquor, wine
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
** c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚 (majja)
** Hindustani: māñjā
    Hindi: माँजा
    Urdu: مان٘جا
** Old Marathi: māja
    Devanagari script: माज
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘕
*** Marathi: माज (māj)
* Pali: majja
** → Khmer: មជ្ជ (maccĕəʼ, “alcohol”)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚 (majja)
** Hindi: माँजा (māñjā)
* → Gujarati: મદ્ય (madya)
* → Hindi: मद्य (madya)
* → Malayalam: മദ്യം (madyaṁ)
* → Old Marathi: madya
    Devanagari script: मद्य
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘟𑘿𑘧
** → Marathi: मद्य (madya)
* → Tamil: மத்தியம் (mattiyam)
* → Telugu: మద్యము (madyamu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मद्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 779.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mádya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press