# tornado
## English
### Etymology

From earlier English ternado, attested since the 1550s as a nautical term for a windy thunderstorm. From Spanish tronada (“thunderstorm”), from tronar (“to thunder”), from Latin tonō (“to thunder”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tenh₂- (“to thunder”). The o and r were reversed in English (metathesis) under influence of Spanish tornar (“to twist, to turn”), from Latin tornō (“to turn”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) enPR: tô(r)-nā'dō, IPA: /tɔː(ɹ)ˈneɪ.dəʊ/
* (US) IPA: /tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/, /tɔɹˈneɪˌdoʊ/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

tornado (plural tornadoes or tornados)
* (meteorology) A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.
    Synonym: twister
** 2013 March, Frank Fish, George Lauder, “Not Just Going with the Flow”, in American Scientist‎, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 1 May 2013, page 114:An extreme version of vorticity is a vortex. The vortex is a spinning, cyclonic mass of fluid, which can be observed in the rotation of water going down a drain, as well as in smoke rings, tornados and hurricanes.

#### Synonyms

* twister (informal)

#### Hypernyms

* whirlwind

#### Coordinate terms

* derecho
* dust devil
* fire whirl
* landspout
* plow wind
* waterspout

#### Derived terms

* horse tornado
* pornado
* rope tornado
* stovepipe tornado
* Tornado Alley
* tornado brain
* tornado chaser
* tornado fry
* tornado hunter
* tornado omelette
* tornado omurice
* tornado outbreak
* tornado potato
* tornado shelter
* tornado siren
* tornado warning (“a tornado has been sighted”)
* tornado watch (“conditions are favorable for producing a tornado”)
* wedge tornado

#### Descendants

* → Danish: tornado
* → Irish: tornádó
* → Italian: tornado
* → Norwegian Bokmål: tornado
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: tornado
* → Russian: торнадо (tornado)
* → Spanish: tornado
** → Dutch: tornado
** → German: Tornado
** → Portuguese: tornado

#### Translations
### Verb

tornado (third-person singular simple present tornados, present participle tornadoing, simple past and past participle tornadoed)
* (ambitransitive) To sweep through something violently.
** 2012, Robin Nicole, For the Sake of Appearances:And so on Friday nights, James Torin tornadoed through six beers, a carton of cigarettes, a coffee table littered with lottery tickets, and unrequited dreams.
** 2015, James Richardson, Reservations: Poems, page 5:They come every night, those cavernous trains, tornadoing the frozen house, a madness feeling for the door.

### See also

* cyclone, dust devil, waterspout, willy willy
* hurricane, typhoon
* tournedo(s)

### References

* ↑ “tornado”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

### Anagrams

* donator, odorant, tandoor

## Danish
### Etymology

From English tornado.

### Noun

tornado c (singular definite tornadoen, plural indefinite tornadoer)
* tornado

#### Inflection
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tornado f or m (plural tornado's, diminutive tornadootje n)
* tornado

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From French tornade, Italian tornado, German Tornado, Yiddish טאָרנאַדאָ (tornado), Russian торна́до (tornádo), Polish tornado, all derived from English tornado, from Spanish tronada (“thunderstorm”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [torˈnado]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ado
* Hyphenation: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tornado (accusative singular tornadon, plural tornadoj, accusative plural tornadojn)
* (meteorology) tornado
    Mia kuzino loĝis en Kansaso kaj spertis multajn danĝerajn tornadojn.My cousin lived in Kansas and experienced many dangerous tornadoes.

## Finnish
### Etymology

From English tornado, from Spanish tronada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtornɑdo/, [ˈt̪o̞rnɑ̝do̞]
* Rhymes: -ornɑdo
* Hyphenation: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tornado
* tornado

#### Declension

Possessive forms of tornado (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tornadoni
tornadoni
accusative
nom.
tornadoni
tornadoni
gen.
tornadoni
genitive
tornadoni
tornadojeni tornadoideni tornadoitteni
partitive
tornadoani
tornadojani tornadoitani
inessive
tornadossani
tornadoissani
elative
tornadostani
tornadoistani
illative
tornadooni
tornadoihini
adessive
tornadollani
tornadoillani
ablative
tornadoltani
tornadoiltani
allative
tornadolleni
tornadoilleni
essive
tornadonani
tornadoinani
translative
tornadokseni
tornadoikseni
abessive
tornadottani
tornadoittani
instructive
comitative
—tornadoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tornadosi
tornadosi
accusative
nom.
tornadosi
tornadosi
gen.
tornadosi
genitive
tornadosi
tornadojesi tornadoidesi tornadoittesi
partitive
tornadoasi
tornadojasi tornadoitasi
inessive
tornadossasi
tornadoissasi
elative
tornadostasi
tornadoistasi
illative
tornadoosi
tornadoihisi
adessive
tornadollasi
tornadoillasi
ablative
tornadoltasi
tornadoiltasi
allative
tornadollesi
tornadoillesi
essive
tornadonasi
tornadoinasi
translative
tornadoksesi
tornadoiksesi
abessive
tornadottasi
tornadoittasi
instructive
comitative
—tornadoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tornadomme
tornadomme
accusative
nom.
tornadomme
tornadomme
gen.
tornadomme
genitive
tornadomme
tornadojemme tornadoidemme tornadoittemme
partitive
tornadoamme
tornadojamme tornadoitamme
inessive
tornadossamme
tornadoissamme
elative
tornadostamme
tornadoistamme
illative
tornadoomme
tornadoihimme
adessive
tornadollamme
tornadoillamme
ablative
tornadoltamme
tornadoiltamme
allative
tornadollemme
tornadoillemme
essive
tornadonamme
tornadoinamme
translative
tornadoksemme
tornadoiksemme
abessive
tornadottamme
tornadoittamme
instructive
comitative
—tornadoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tornadonne
tornadonne
accusative
nom.
tornadonne
tornadonne
gen.
tornadonne
genitive
tornadonne
tornadojenne tornadoidenne tornadoittenne
partitive
tornadoanne
tornadojanne tornadoitanne
inessive
tornadossanne
tornadoissanne
elative
tornadostanne
tornadoistanne
illative
tornadoonne
tornadoihinne
adessive
tornadollanne
tornadoillanne
ablative
tornadoltanne
tornadoiltanne
allative
tornadollenne
tornadoillenne
essive
tornadonanne
tornadoinanne
translative
tornadoksenne
tornadoiksenne
abessive
tornadottanne
tornadoittanne
instructive
comitative
—tornadoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tornadonsa
tornadonsa
accusative
nom.
tornadonsa
tornadonsa
gen.
tornadonsa
genitive
tornadonsa
tornadojensa tornadoidensa tornadoittensa
partitive
tornadoaan tornadoansa
tornadojaan tornadoitaan tornadojansa tornadoitansa
inessive
tornadossaan tornadossansa
tornadoissaan tornadoissansa
elative
tornadostaan tornadostansa
tornadoistaan tornadoistansa
illative
tornadoonsa
tornadoihinsa
adessive
tornadollaan tornadollansa
tornadoillaan tornadoillansa
ablative
tornadoltaan tornadoltansa
tornadoiltaan tornadoiltansa
allative
tornadolleen tornadollensa
tornadoilleen tornadoillensa
essive
tornadonaan tornadonansa
tornadoinaan tornadoinansa
translative
tornadokseen tornadoksensa
tornadoikseen tornadoiksensa
abessive
tornadottaan tornadottansa
tornadoittaan tornadoittansa
instructive
comitative
—tornadoineen tornadoinensa :

### See also

* pyörremyrsky
* trombi

### Further reading

* “tornado”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

## Galician
### Participle

tornado (feminine tornada, masculine plural tornados, feminine plural tornadas)
* past participle of tornar

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English tornado.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /torˈna.do/
* Rhymes: -ado
* Hyphenation: tor‧nà‧do

### Noun

tornado m (invariable)
* tornado

### Further reading

* tornado in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* rotando, rotonda

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Spanish tronada, via English tornado.

### Noun

tornado m (definite singular tornadoen, indefinite plural tornadoer, definite plural tornadoene)
* (meteorology) a tornado

### References

* “tornado” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Spanish tronada, via English tornado.

### Noun

tornado m (definite singular tornadoen, indefinite plural tornadoar, definite plural tornadoane)
* (meteorology) a tornado

### References

* “tornado” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English tornado.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔrˈna.dɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -adɔ
* Syllabification: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tornado n (indeclinable)
* (meteorology) tornado, twister, whirlwind (violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground)
    Synonyms: cyklon, trąba, trąba powietrzna
* (figurative) tsunami (violent event that changes or completely shatters the previous state of something)
    Synonym: tsunami
* (figurative) tsunami, flood (appearance of some emotion, behavior, or phenomenon in large quantities or in high intensity) [with genitive]
    Synonyms: natłok, tsunami

#### Declension

or
Indeclinable.

### Further reading

* tornado in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* tornado in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* tornado in PWN's encyclopedia

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /toʁˈna.du/ [toɦˈna.du]
* (Brazil) IPA: /toʁˈna.du/ [toɦˈna.du]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /toɾˈna.du/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /toʁˈna.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /toɻˈna.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tuɾˈna.du/ [tuɾˈna.ðu]
* Hyphenation: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tornado m (plural tornados)
* (meteorology) tornado

### Participle

tornado (feminine tornada, masculine plural tornados, feminine plural tornadas)
* past participle of tornar

## Scots
### Etymology

From English tornado.

### Noun

tornado (plural tornadoes)
* tornado

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From Spanish tornado.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tǒrnaːdo/
* Hyphenation: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tòrnādo m (Cyrillic spelling то̀рна̄до)
* tornado

#### Declension
### References

* “tornado”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English tornado, and this in turn from Spanish tronada (see English etymology for details).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /toɾˈnado/ [t̪oɾˈna.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: tor‧na‧do

### Noun

tornado m (plural tornados)
* tornado

#### Related terms

* anticiclón m
* ciclón m
* huracán m
* remolino m
* tifón m
* torbellino m

### Participle

tornado (feminine tornada, masculine plural tornados, feminine plural tornadas)
* past participle of tornar

### Further reading

* “tornado”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* tronado, rotando

## Swedish
### Noun

tornado c
* a larger tornado (especially in the US)
    Synonym: (more general) tromb

#### Declension
### References

* tornado in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* tornado in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* tornado in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)