# 懶

| 懶 | U+61F6, &#25078; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61F6 |
| ← 懵 [U+61F5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 懷 → [U+61F7] |
| 懶 | U+F90D, &#63757; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F90D |
| ← 奈 [U+F90C] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 癩 → [U+F90E] |
| 懶 | U+2F8B1, &#194737; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B1 |
| ← 懲 [U+2F8B0] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 成 → [U+2F8B2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懶 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+16, 19 strokes, cangjie input 心木中金 (PDLC), four-corner 9708$_6$, composition ⿰忄賴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 408, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11455
* Dae Jaweon: page 749, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2368, character 13
* Unihan data for U+61F6
* Unihan data for U+F90D
* Unihan data for U+2F8B1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 賴 | *raːds |
| 籟 | *raːds |
| 癩 | *raːds, *raːd |
| 瀨 | *raːds |
| 藾 | *raːds |
| 攋 | *raːds, *reːdʔ, *raːd |
| 懶 | *raːnʔ |
| 嬾 | *raːnʔ |
| 獺 | *r̥ʰaːd, *hr'aːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːnʔ): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 賴 (OC *raːds).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǎn (lan$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): laan$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lan$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lan$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lân
    (Hailu, HRS): lan$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lan$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lan$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): lǎng
* Eastern Min (BUC): lāng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lang$^3$ / nua$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lán / nōa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lang$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$le
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎn
*** Wade–Giles: lan$^3$
*** Yale: lǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laan
*** Palladius: лань (lanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /län²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nan$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
*** Sinological IPA : /nan⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laan$^5$
*** Yale: láahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laan$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːn¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lan³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lan²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lân
*** Hakka Romanization System: lan$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: lan$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /læ̃⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lǎng
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lāng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃aŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lang$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lâng
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lang$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ³³²/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: nua$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /nua²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lán / nōa
*** Tâi-lô: lán / nuā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: larn, noa
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lan⁵³/, /nuã²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lan⁵⁵⁴/, /nuã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan⁵³/, /nuã²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lan⁵³/, /nuã³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lan⁴¹/, /nuã³³/
* lán - literary;
* nōa - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: lanX
Rime :
| Character | 懶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 落旱切 |
| Baxter | lanX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lan$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | laan$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N-kə.]rˤanʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 懶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lan$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N-kə.]rˁanʔ/ |
| English | lazy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7638 |
| Phonetic component | 賴 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嬾 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːnʔ/ |
| Notes | 俗嬾字集韻又從柬聲 |

#### Definitions

懶
* lazy; indolent; slothful
       Wǒ de dìdi fēicháng lǎn, yīdiǎn jiāwù dōu bùhuì zuò. [Pinyin]
       My younger brother is really lazy; he doesn't do any chores.
       nei$^5$ m$^4$ hou$^2$ gam$^3$ laan$^5$ laa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Don't be so lazy.
* sluggish; drowsy
* (often with 得) too lazy to do something; not feeling like doing something
    From: 1988, 鄭怡, 離家出走
    xiàtiān de wǒ lǎnde huàzhuāng [Pinyin]
    In the summer, I'm too lazy to put on makeup
    From: 2020, 林家謙 [Terence Lam], 一人之境 [Solitude]
    gon$^1$ jat$^1$ gun$^3$ dik$^1$ hei$^3$ seoi$^2$, fu$^1$ ceot$^1$ taan$^3$ sik$^1$, faai$^3$ lok$^6$ laan$^5$ syut$^3$ ming$^4$ [Jyutping]
    [I] drink up a can of pop, breathe out a gasp, so happy [I] don't feel like explaining

##### Synonyms

* (lazy):
* 怠惰 (dàiduò)
* 慵懶 / 慵懒 (yōnglǎn) (literary)
* 懈怠 (xièdài)
* 懶惰 / 懒惰 (lǎnduò)
* 懶散 / 懒散 (lǎnsǎn)
* 散漫
* 渙散 / 涣散 (huànsàn)
* 疏懶 / 疏懒 (shūlǎn)
* 疲倦 (píjuàn)
* 疲沓
* 荏𤺔 / 荏𪽴 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 鬆懈 / 松懈 (sōngxiè)
* 鬆散 / 松散 (sōngsǎn)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 懶, 惰, 懈, 怠 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 懶惰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 懶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 懶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 懶, 懶惰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 懶 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 懶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 懶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 懶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 懶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 懶, 蛇 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 懶, 蛇 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 懶 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 懶 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 懶, 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 懶屍 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 懶 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 惰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 懶, 懶屍, 懶漢, 二婿 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 懶賤, 漚肉 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 貧惰, 臭惰, 荏懶, 臭肉, 漚肉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 想死, 懶賤, 漚肉, 屎礐蟲 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 荏懶, 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 荏懶, 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 貧惰, 荏懶, 臭惰, 臭骨 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 惰 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 懶 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 懶撲 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 懶, 懶怕 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 懶 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 懶 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 懶 |
* (sluggish):
* 乏力 (fálì)
* 倦怠 (juàndài)
* 勞累 / 劳累 (láolèi)
* 勞頓 / 劳顿 (láodùn)
* 厭𤺪 / 厌𤺪 (Hokkien)
* 困乏 (kùnfá)
* 困頓 / 困顿 (kùndùn)
* 疲乏 (pífá)
* 疲倦 (píjuàn)
* 疲勞 / 疲劳 (píláo)
* 疲困 (píkùn) (literary)
* 疲憊 / 疲惫 (píbèi)
* 精疲力盡 / 精疲力尽 (jīngpílìjìn)
* 精疲力竭 (jīngpílìjié)
* 累 (lèi)
* 頓 / 顿 (literary)

##### Compounds

* 伸懶腰 / 伸懒腰 (shēn lǎnyāo)
* 倦懶 / 倦懒
* 偎慵墮懶 / 偎慵堕懒
* 偷懶 / 偷懒 (tōulǎn)
* 嚲懶 / 亸懒
* 墮懶 / 堕懒
* 好吃懶做 / 好吃懒做 (hàochīlǎnzuò)
* 好食懶飛 / 好食懒飞
* 嬌懶 / 娇懒
* 幫懶鑽閑 / 帮懒钻闲
* 幫閒鑽懶 / 帮闲钻懒
* 幫閑鑽懶 / 帮闲钻懒
* 幽懶 / 幽懒
* 心慵意懶 / 心慵意懒
* 心懶 / 心懒
* 心灰意懶 / 心灰意懒 (xīnhuīyìlǎn)
* 意慵心懶 / 意慵心懒
* 意懶心慵 / 意懒心慵
* 意懶心灰 / 意懒心灰
* 慵懶 / 慵懒 (yōnglǎn)
* 憊懶 / 惫懒
* 懶中散 / 懒中散
* 懶人 / 懒人 (lǎnrén)
* 懶人植物 / 懒人植物
* 懶人菜 / 懒人菜
* 懶倦 / 懒倦
* 懶几
* 懶凳 / 懒凳
* 懶別設 / 懒别设
* 懶困 / 懒困
* 懶墮 / 懒堕
* 懶妥妥 / 懒妥妥
* 懶婦 / 懒妇
* 懶婦箴 / 懒妇箴
* 懶婦魚 / 懒妇鱼
* 懶嫷 / 懒嫷
* 懶學 / 懒学
* 懶待 / 懒待
* 懶得 / 懒得 (lǎnde)
* 懶怠 / 懒怠
* 懶怯 / 懒怯
* 懶意 / 懒意
* 懶惰 / 懒惰 (lǎnduò)
* 懶慢 / 懒慢
* 懶懶 / 懒懒
* 懶懶攤攤 / 懒懒摊摊
* 懶懶的 / 懒懒的
* 懶拙 / 懒拙
* 懶拖拖 / 懒拖拖
* 懶放 / 懒放
* 懶散 / 懒散 (lǎnsǎn)
* 懶架 / 懒架
* 懶殘 / 懒残
* 懶洋洋 / 懒洋洋 (lǎnyángyáng)
* 懶漢 / 懒汉 (lǎnhàn)
* 懶猴 / 懒猴
* 懶病 / 懒病
* 懶腰 / 懒腰 (lǎnyāo)
* 懶蟲 / 懒虫 (lǎnchóng)
* 懶設設 / 懒设设
* 懶音 / 懒音 (lǎnyīn)
* 懶驢愁 / 懒驴愁
* 懶骨頭 / 懒骨头
* 懶髻 / 懒髻
* 懶鬼 / 懒鬼 (lǎnguǐ)
* 懶黃病 / 懒黄病
* 懶龍 / 懒龙
* 托懶 / 托懒
* 放懶 / 放懒
* 樹懶 / 树懒 (shùlǎn)
* 疏懶 / 疏懒 (shūlǎn)
* 疲懶 / 疲懒
* 痠懶 / 痠懒
* 癡懶 / 痴懒
* 發懶 / 发懒
* 睡懶覺 / 睡懒觉 (shuì lǎnjiào)
* 簡懶 / 简懒
* 脫懶 / 脱懒
* 貪吃懶做 / 贪吃懒做
* 貪懶 / 贪懒
* 賣懶 / 卖懒
* 身上發懶 / 身上发懒
* 躲懶 / 躲懒 (duǒlǎn)
* 躲頭避懶 / 躲头避懒
* 軟懶 / 软懒
* 避懶 / 避懒
* 酸懶 / 酸懒
* 鐵懶 / 铁懒
* 鑽懶幫閒 / 钻懒帮闲
* 鑽懶幫閑 / 钻懒帮闲
* 鵝項懶凳 / 鹅项懒凳

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Tai: *ɡraːnꟲ² (“lazy”)
** Thai: คร้าน (kráan, “lazy”)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 懶 – see 讕. (This character is a variant form of 讕).

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “懒”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, pages 344, 416.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* languid
* be lazy
* be negligent

#### Readings

* Go-on: らん (ran)、らい (rai)
* Kan-on: らん (ran)、らい (rai)
* Kun: おこたる (okotaru, 懶る)、ものうい (monoui, 懶い)、ものぐさい (monogusai, 懶い)

### References

* “懶”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

懶 (eum 라 (ra), word-initial (South Korea) 나 (na))
懶 (eum 란 (ran), word-initial (South Korea) 난 (nan))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

懶: Hán Nôm readings: lại, lãn, lớn, lười
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.