# عصب
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.sˤa.ba/

#### Verb

عَصَبَ • (ʕaṣaba) I (non-past يَعْصِبُ (yaʕṣibu), verbal noun عَصْب (ʕaṣb))
* to twist, wrap around
* to fold tightly
* to bound or bind, to tie
* to castrate via a band around testicles
* to bandage
* to draw people together, to assemble
* to surround, to encompass
** to include, to hold or reckon together, such as the entirety of one's relations, to be of the same identity
* to obligate, to bind responsibility or consequences to; especially with phrases like بِ (bi) + رَأْس (raʔs, “head”)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕasˤ.sˤa.ba/

#### Verb

عَصَّبَ • (ʕaṣṣaba) II (non-past يُعَصِّبُ (yuʕaṣṣibu), verbal noun تَعْصِيب (taʕṣīb))
* to cause a thing to be twisted, or wrapped around
* to swaddle, to cause a thing to be tightly folded around
* to bandage, to tourniquet
* to turban, to wrap one's brow with a band
** to crown, to declare or cause one to be a chief

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.3
#### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

عَصَب • (ʕaṣab) m (plural أَعْصَاب (ʔaʕṣāb))
* nerve
* sinew, tendon
* muscle
* band, ribbon, scarf
* chieftain
* (in the plural) grandees
* (in the plural) somewhat distant relations
* bindweed (Convolvulus)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: əsəb
* → Persian: عصب
* → Ottoman Turkish: عصب (asab)
** → Turkish: asap
* → Uzbek: asab

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “عصب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَصَّبَ (ʕaṣṣaba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕam.mam/

### Verb

عَصَّب • (ʕaṣṣab) II (non-past يِعَصِّب (yiʕaṣṣib))
* to get angry

#### Conjugation
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَصَب (ʕaṣab, “nerve, tendon”).

### Noun

عصب • (ʿasab)
* (physiology) nerve, a bundle of neurons that transmits electrical impulses all over the body
    Synonym: سڭیر (siñir)
* tendon, sinew, a fibrous collagen tissue that connects a muscle with its bony attachment
    Synonyms: پی (pey), سڭیر (siñir), طنب (tunub), كرش (kiriş)

#### Derived terms

* عصبی (ʿasabi, “nervous”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: asap

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “asab1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 308
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “asab”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 51
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “عصب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 848
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Nervus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1134
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “عصب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3274
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عصب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1303

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَصَب (ʕaṣab).

### Noun

عصب • ('asab) (plural اعصاب (a'sâb))
* nerve
    Synonym: پی (pey)

#### Derived terms

* عصبی ('asabi)
** عصبیت ('asabiyyat)
* عصبانی ('asabâni)
** عصبانیت ('asabâniyyat)
* عصب‌شناسی ('asab shenâsi)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic عَصَب (ʕaṣab).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.sˤab/, [ˈʕɑ.sˤɑb]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### Noun

عصب • (ʕaṣab) m (plural أعصاب (ʔaʕṣāb))
* nerve
    إمسك أعصابك. ― ʔimsek ʔaʕṣābak ― Don't get upset. (literally, “Hold your nerves.”)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic عَصَّبَ (ʕaṣṣaba).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕasˤ.sˤab/, [ˈʕɑsˤ.sˤɑb]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

عصّب • (ʕaṣṣab) II (present بعصّب (biʕaṣṣeb))
* to bandage
* to get angry
    Synonyms: زعل (ziʕil), حمق (ḥimiʔ)