OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# बिम्ब
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* বিম্ব (Assamese script)
* ᬩᬶᬫ᭄ᬩ (Balinese script)
* বিম্ব (Bengali script)
* 𑰤𑰰𑰦𑰿𑰤 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀩𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀩 (Brahmi script)
* ဗိမ္ဗ (Burmese script)
* બિમ્બ (Gujarati script)
* ਬਿਮ੍ਬ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌬𑌿𑌮𑍍𑌬 (Grantha script)
* ꦧꦶꦩ꧀ꦧ (Javanese script)
* 𑂥𑂱𑂧𑂹𑂥 (Kaithi script)
* ಬಿಮ್ಬ (Kannada script)
* ពិម្ព (Khmer script)
* ພິມ຺ພ (Lao script)
* ബിമ്ബ (Malayalam script)
* ᠪᡳᠮᠪᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘤𑘱𑘦𑘿𑘤 (Modi script)
* ᠪᠢᠮᠪᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧄𑧒𑧆𑧠𑧄 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐧𑐶𑐩𑑂𑐧 (Newa script)
* ବିମ୍ବ (Odia script)
* ꢨꢶꢪ꣄ꢨ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆧𑆴𑆩𑇀𑆧 (Sharada script)
* 𑖤𑖰𑖦𑖿𑖤 (Siddham script)
* බිම‍්බ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩲𑩑𑩴 𑪙𑩲 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚠𑚮𑚢𑚶𑚠 (Takri script)
* பி³ம்ப³ (Tamil script)
* బిమ్బ (Telugu script)
* พิมฺพ (Thai script)
* བི་མྦ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒥𑒱𑒧𑓂𑒥 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨠𑨁𑨢𑩇𑨠 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Probably an independent formation of sound-symbolic origin, using bilabial stops to convey the image of a rounded object; compare Ancient Greek βέμβῐξ (bémbĭx, “spinning top; whirlpool”) for a similar formation, as well as the bouba-kiki effect for more on the phenomenon.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /bim.bɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /bim.bɐ/

### Noun

बिम्ब • (bimba) stem, m or n
* the disc of the sun or moon
* any sphere, orb, or disc (esp. of any rounded part of the body, such as the hips, buttocks, etc.)
* a mirror
* an image, shadow, reflection, picture, type
* (rhetoric) the object compared (as opposed to प्रतिबिम्ब (pratibimba), the counterpart to which it is compared)

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic

### Noun

बिम्ब • (bimba) stem, m
* a lizard, chameleon

#### Descendants

* → Malayalam: ബിംബം (bimbaṁ)
* → Thai: พิมพ์ (pim)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “बिम्ब”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 731/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 225
# भाद्रपद
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit भाद्रपद (bhādrapada). Doublet of भादों (bhādõ) and भाद्र (bhādra).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bʱɑːd̪.ɾə.pəd̪/, [bʱäːd̪.ɾɐ.pɐd̪]

### Noun

भाद्रपद • (bhādrapad) m (Urdu spelling بھادْرَپَد)
* Bhadrapada (the 5th month of the Hindu lunar calendar)

### References

* Bahri, Caturvedi, Dasa-Hindi (2022) “भाद्रपद”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Hindi Dictionaries]

## Sanskrit
### Etymology

भाद्र (bhādra) +‎ पद (pada).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /bʱɑːd.ɾɐ.pɐ.dɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /bʱɑːd̪.ɾɐ.pɐ.d̪ɐ/

### Noun

भाद्रपद • (bhādrapada) stem, m
* Bhadrapada

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: بٲدٕرپؠتھ (bạ̄dụrpyath)
* Prakrit: *𑀪𑀸𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀯𑀬 (bhāddavaya), 𑀪𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀯𑀬 (bhaddavaya)
** Eastern Indo-Aryan:
*** Assamese: ভাদ (bhad)
*** Bihari: भादोँ (bhādõ)
**** Bhojpuri: भादो (bhādō)
**** Maithili: भादव (bhādav), भादौआ (bhādauā)
*** Odia: ଭୋଦୁଆ (bhoduā)
** Central Indo-Aryan:
*** Awadhi: भादौं (bhāda͠u)
*** Hindustani: bhādõ
    Hindi: भादों
    Urdu: بھادوں
** Northern Indo-Aryan:
*** Kumaoni: भादो (bhādo)
*** Nepali: भदौ (bhadau)
*** Western Pahari:
**** Bhadrawahi: भाड्ळो (bhāḍḷo)
** Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
*** Punjabi: bhādõ
    Gurmukhi script: ਭਾਦੋਂ
    Shahmukhi script: بھادوں
** Western Indo-Aryan:
*** Gujarati: ભાદરવો (bhādarvo)
** Southern Indo-Aryan:
*** Marathi: भादवा (bhādvā)

##### Borrowings

* → Hindi: भाद्रपद (bhādrapad) (learned)

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhādrapada”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# भृत्य
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ভৃত্য (Assamese script)
* ᬪᬺᬢ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
* ভৃত্য (Bengali script)
* 𑰥𑰴𑰝𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀪𑀾𑀢𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* ဘၖတျ (Burmese script)
* ભૃત્ય (Gujarati script)
* ਭ੍ਰਤ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌭𑍃𑌤𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦨꦽꦠꦾ (Javanese script)
* 𑂦𑃂𑂞𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಭೃತ್ಯ (Kannada script)
* ភ្ឫត្យ (Khmer script)
* ຠ຺ຣິຕ຺ຍ (Lao script)
* ഭൃത്യ (Malayalam script)
* ᢨᡵᡳᢠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘥𑘵𑘝𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᠪᠾᠷᠢᢐᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧅𑧖𑦽𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐨𑐺𑐟𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
* ଭୃତ୍ଯ (Odia script)
* ꢩꢺꢡ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆨𑆸𑆠𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖥𑖴𑖝𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
* භෘත්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩳𑩙𑩫 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚡𑚙𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
* ப்⁴ரித்ய (Tamil script)
* భృత్య (Telugu script)
* ภฺฤตฺย (Thai script)
* བྷྲྀ་ཏྱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒦𑒵𑒞𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨡𑨼𑨉𑨙𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From the root भृ (bhṛ).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /bʱr̩t.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /bʱr̩t̪.jɐ/

### Adjective

भृत्य • (bhṛtya) stem
* To be nourished or maintained

### Noun

भृत्य • (bhṛtya) stem, m
* Any one requiring to be supported
* A servant, dependant, slave
* A king's servant, minister of state
* A subject

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “भृत्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 764, column 3.
# tiegþ
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ti͜yːjθ/

### Verb

tīeġþ
* third-person singular present indicative of tīeġan
# tiegaþ
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈti͜yː.jɑθ/

### Verb

tīeġaþ
* inflection of tīeġan:
** plural present indicative
** plural imperative
# Putriņš
## Latvian
### Etymology

putra + -iņš

### Proper noun

Putriņš m
* a surname originating as a patronymic, feminine equivalent Putriņa
# urtikária
## Slovak
### Etymology

Derived from Latin urtīcāria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈurtikaːri̯a]

### Noun

urtikária f (relational adjective urtikariálny)
* urticaria (medical condition)
    Synonym: žihľavka

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “urtikária”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Riekstiņš
## Latvian

Meaning: Diminutive of "nut"

### Etymology

rieksts + -iņš

### Proper noun

Riekstiņš m
* a surname originating as a patronymic, feminine equivalent Riekstiņa
# forewoman
## English
### Etymology

From fore- +‎ -woman.

### Noun

forewoman (plural forewomen)
* (management) A female leader of a work crew.
    Coordinate term: foreman
    Hypernym: foreperson
    Synonym: (archaic) foremistress
* (law) A female foreman of a jury.
# तुरग
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit तुरग (turaga).

### Noun

तुरग • (turag) m (Urdu spelling ترنگ)
* horse
    Synonyms: घोड़ा (ghoṛā), अश्व (aśva), तुरंग (turaṅg)
* fast-going

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* তুৰগ (Assamese script)
* ᬢᬸᬭᬕ (Balinese script)
* তুরগ (Bengali script)
* 𑰝𑰲𑰨𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀢𑀼𑀭𑀕 (Brahmi script)
* တုရဂ (Burmese script)
* તુરગ (Gujarati script)
* ਤੁਰਗ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌤𑍁𑌰𑌗 (Grantha script)
* ꦠꦸꦫꦒ (Javanese script)
* 𑂞𑂳𑂩𑂏 (Kaithi script)
* ತುರಗ (Kannada script)
* តុរគ (Khmer script)
* ຕຸຣຄ (Lao script)
* തുരഗ (Malayalam script)
* ᢠᡠᡵᠠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘝𑘳𑘨𑘐 (Modi script)
* ᢐᠤᠷᠠᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦽𑧔𑧈𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐟𑐸𑐬𑐐 (Newa script)
* ତୁରଗ (Odia script)
* ꢡꢸꢬꢔ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆠𑆶𑆫𑆓 (Sharada script)
* 𑖝𑖲𑖨𑖐 (Siddham script)
* තුරග (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩫𑩒𑩼𑩞 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚙𑚰𑚤𑚌 (Takri script)
* துரக³ (Tamil script)
* తురగ (Telugu script)
* ตุรค (Thai script)
* ཏུ་ར་ག (Tibetan script)
* 𑒞𑒳𑒩𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨙𑨃𑨫𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Possibly a reborrowing from a Middle-Indo-Aryan form of त्वर् (for another reborrowing ultimately from this root, see तरु (sense 1)) + गम्, meaning "the swift-goer".

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /tu.ɾɐ.ɡɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /t̪u.ɾɐ.ɡɐ/

### Noun

तुरग • (turaga) stem, ?
* horse
# organigram
## English

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Alternative forms

* organogram, organigramme

### Etymology

From organization +‎ -gram.

### Noun

organigram (plural organigrams)
* (management) A graphical representation of the structure of an organization, showing groups and departments and their interconnections and linked responsibilities.

#### Synonyms

* organisation chart, organization chart
# utteredst
## English
### Verb

utteredst
* (archaic) second-person singular simple past indicative of utter
# 工口
## Chinese
### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese エロ (ero) (from English erotic), a glyphic approximation using Chinese characters.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōngkǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ ㄎㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōngkǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄎㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gongkǒu
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$-kʻou$^3$
*** Yale: gūng-kǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongkoou
*** Palladius: гункоу (gunkou)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Adjective

工口
* (ACG) erotic; lewd

#### Usage notes

* Less impolite than the original Japanese word.
# मोच
## Hindi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /moːt͡ʃ/

### Noun

मोच • (moc) f
* a sprain; strain
    मेरे टखने को मोच आ गई। ― mere ṭakhne ko moc ā gaī. ― I sprained my ankle.

#### See also

* मोचना (mocnā)

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* moca (Latin script)
* 𑀫𑁄𑀘 (Brahmi script)
* মোচ (Bengali script)
* මොච (Sinhalese script)
* မောစ or မေႃၸ (Burmese script)
* โมจ or โมจะ (Thai script)
* ᨾᩮᩣᨧ (Tai Tham script)
* ໂມຈ or ໂມຈະ (Lao script)
* មោច (Khmer script)
* 𑄟𑄮𑄌 (Chakma script)

### Noun

मोच m
* Devanagari script form of moca

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মোচ (Assamese script)
* ᬫᭀᬘ (Balinese script)
* মোচ (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰺𑰓 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑁄𑀘 (Brahmi script)
* မောစ (Burmese script)
* મોચ (Gujarati script)
* ਮੋਚ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑍋𑌚 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦺꦴꦕ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂷𑂒 (Kaithi script)
* ಮೋಚ (Kannada script)
* មោច (Khmer script)
* ໂມຈ (Lao script)
* മോച (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᠣᢜᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘻𑘓 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠣᠸᠠᢋᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧜𑦳 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑑀𑐔 (Newa script)
* ମୋଚ (Odia script)
* ꢪꣂꢗ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆾𑆖 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖺𑖓 (Siddham script)
* මොච (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩕𑩡 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚴𑚏 (Takri script)
* மோச (Tamil script)
* మోచ (Telugu script)
* โมจ (Thai script)
* མོ་ཙ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒼𑒔 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨆𑨣 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Dravidian, from Malayo-Polynesian, ultimately from Proto-Trans-New Guinea *mugu. Compare Tamil மோத்தை (mōttai), Manggarai muku, Mosimo mugu.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /moː.t͡ɕɐ/

### Noun

मोच • (moca) stem, n
* banana
    Synonyms: वारबुषा (vārabuṣā), कदली (kadalī)
* plantain tree

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* → Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭅𐭆 (mwc /⁠mōč⁠/) (see there for further descendants)
* ↑ https://www.academia.edu/25619010/Things_your_classics_master_never_told_you_a_borrowing_from_Trans_New_Guinea_languages_into_Latin
# लुम्बिनी
## Nepali
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लुम्बिनी (lumbinī).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lumbini]
* Phonetic Devanagari: लुम्बिनि

### Proper noun

लुम्बिनी • (lumbinī)
* Lumbini (a pilgrimage site in Rupandehi, Nepal)
* Lumbini (a province of Nepal)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* লুম্বিনী (Assamese script)
* ᬮᬸᬫ᭄ᬩᬶᬦᬷ (Balinese script)
* লুম্বিনী (Bengali script)
* 𑰩𑰲𑰦𑰿𑰤𑰰𑰡𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀮𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀩𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
* လုမ္ဗိနီ (Burmese script)
* લુમ્બિની (Gujarati script)
* ਲੁਮ੍ਬਿਨੀ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌲𑍁𑌮𑍍𑌬𑌿𑌨𑍀 (Grantha script)
* ꦭꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦶꦤꦷ (Javanese script)
* 𑂪𑂳𑂧𑂹𑂥𑂱𑂢𑂲 (Kaithi script)
* ಲುಮ್ಬಿನೀ (Kannada script)
* លុម្ពិនី (Khmer script)
* ລຸມ຺ພິນີ (Lao script)
* ലുമ്ബിനീ (Malayalam script)
* ᠯᡠᠮᠪᡳᠨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘩𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘤𑘱𑘡𑘲 (Modi script)
* ᠯᠤᠮᠪᠢᠨᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧉𑧔𑧆𑧠𑧄𑧒𑧁𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐮𑐸𑐩𑑂𑐧𑐶𑐣𑐷 (Newa script)
* ଲୁମ୍ବିନୀ (Odia script)
* ꢭꢸꢪ꣄ꢨꢶꢥꢷ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆬𑆶𑆩𑇀𑆧𑆴𑆤𑆵 (Sharada script)
* 𑖩𑖲𑖦𑖿𑖤𑖰𑖡𑖱 (Siddham script)
* ලුම‍්බිනී (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩽𑩒𑩴 𑪙𑩲𑩑𑩯𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚥𑚰𑚢𑚶𑚠𑚮𑚝𑚯 (Takri script)
* லும்பி³நீ (Tamil script)
* లుమ్బినీ (Telugu script)
* ลุมฺพินี (Thai script)
* ལུ་མྦི་ནཱི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒪𑒳𑒧𑓂𑒥𑒱𑒢𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨬𑨃𑨢𑩇𑨠𑨁𑨝𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /lum.bi.niː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /l̪um.bi.n̪iː/

### Proper noun

लुम्बिनी • (lumbinī) stem, ?
* Lumbini (a pilgrimage site in Rupandehi, Nepal); birth place of Buddha.
* Lumbini (a province of Nepal)

#### Descendants

* → Bhojpuri: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)
* → English: Lumbini
* → Hindi: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)
* → Lao: ລຸມພິນີ (lum phi nī)
* → Marathi: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)
* → Nepali: लुम्बिनी (lumbinī)
* → Thai: ลุมพินี
# वल्कल
## Sanskrit
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋɐl.kɐ.lɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋɐl̪.kɐ.l̪ɐ/

### Noun

वल्कल • (valkala) stem, m or n
* bark

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮 (vakkala)
** Central:
*** Hindustani: bakkal, bakal, baklā
**** Hindi: बक्कल, बकल, बकला
**** Urdu: بَکَّل, بَکَل, بَکْلَا
** Eastern:
*** Assamese: বাকল (bakol), বাকলি (bakoli), বকলা (bokola)
*** Bengali: বাকল (bakol)
*** Bihari: बाकल
*** Odia: ବକଳ (bakaḷa), ବକଳା (bakaḷā)
** Northern:
*** Kumaoni: बकल
** Western:
*** Old Gujarati: वाकलाऊं (vākalāūṃ)
**** Gujarati: વાકલ (vākal)
* Pali: vakkala

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “valkala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# वल्लभ
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱল্লভ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬮ᭄ᬮᬪ (Balinese script)
* বল্লভ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰩𑰿𑰩𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀪 (Brahmi script)
* ဝလ္လဘ (Burmese script)
* વલ્લભ (Gujarati script)
* ਵਲ੍ਲਭ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌲𑍍𑌲𑌭 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦭ꧀ꦭꦨ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂪𑂹𑂪𑂦 (Kaithi script)
* ವಲ್ಲಭ (Kannada script)
* វល្លភ (Khmer script)
* ວລ຺ລຠ (Lao script)
* വല്ലഭ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᠠᠯᠯᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘩𑘿𑘩𑘥 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠠᠯᠯᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧉𑧠𑧉𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐮𑑂𑐮𑐨 (Newa script)
* ଵଲ୍ଲଭ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢭ꣄ꢭꢩ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆬𑇀𑆬𑆨 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖩𑖿𑖩𑖥 (Siddham script)
* වල‍්ලභ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩽 𑪙𑩽𑩳 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚥𑚶𑚥𑚡 (Takri script)
* வல்லப⁴ (Tamil script)
* వల్లభ (Telugu script)
* วลฺลภ (Thai script)
* ཝ་ལླ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨬𑩇𑨬𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋɐl.lɐ.bʱɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋɐl̪.l̪ɐ.bʱɐ/

### Noun

वल्लभ • (vallabha) stem, ?
* supreme, expert, proficient, skillful, smart, capable
    Synonym: समर्थ (samartha)
# वल्ली
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* वल्लि (valli)

### Alternative scripts

* ৱল্লী (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬮ᭄ᬮᬷ (Balinese script)
* বল্লী (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰩𑰿𑰩𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀻 (Brahmi script)
* ဝလ္လီ (Burmese script)
* વલ્લી (Gujarati script)
* ਵਲ੍ਲੀ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌲𑍍𑌲𑍀 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦭ꧀ꦭꦷ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂪𑂹𑂪𑂲 (Kaithi script)
* ವಲ್ಲೀ (Kannada script)
* វល្លី (Khmer script)
* ວລ຺ລີ (Lao script)
* വല്ലീ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᠠᠯᠯᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘩𑘿𑘩𑘲 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠠᠯᠯᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧉𑧠𑧉𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐮𑑂𑐮𑐷 (Newa script)
* ଵଲ୍ଲୀ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢭ꣄ꢭꢷ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆬𑇀𑆬𑆵 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖩𑖿𑖩𑖱 (Siddham script)
* වල‍්ලී (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩽 𑪙𑩽𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚥𑚶𑚥𑚯 (Takri script)
* வல்லீ (Tamil script)
* వల్లీ (Telugu script)
* วลฺลี (Thai script)
* ཝ་ལླཱི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒪𑓂𑒪𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨬𑩇𑨬𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tamil வள்ளி (vaḷḷi).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋɐl.liː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋɐl̪.l̪iː/

### Noun

वल्ली • (vallī) stem, ?
* creeper

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
# व्यङ्ग
## Sanskrit
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋjɐ́ŋ.ɡɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋjɐŋ.ɡɐ/

### Adjective

व्यङ्ग • (vyàṅga) stem
* crippled

#### Descendants

* Pali: vaṅga
* Prakrit: 𑀯𑀁𑀕 (vaṃga)
** Old Hindi: बांगड़ू (bā̃gaṛū)
** Sinhalese: වඟි (waⁿgi)

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vyaṅga”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# व्यूह
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* ৱ্যূহ (Assamese script)
* ᬯ᭄ᬬᬹᬳ (Balinese script)
* ব্যূহ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰿𑰧𑰳𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀽𑀳 (Brahmi script)
* ဝျူဟ (Burmese script)
* વ્યૂહ (Gujarati script)
* ਵ੍ਯੂਹ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍍𑌯𑍂𑌹 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦾꦹꦲ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂹𑂨𑂴𑂯 (Kaithi script)
* ವ್ಯೂಹ (Kannada script)
* វ្យូហ (Khmer script)
* ວ຺ຍູຫ (Lao script)
* വ്യൂഹ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᠶᡠᡠᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘿𑘧𑘴𑘮 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠶ᠋ᠤᠤᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧠𑧇𑧕𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑑂𑐫𑐹𑐴 (Newa script)
* ଵ୍ଯୂହ (Odia script)
* ꢮ꣄ꢫꢹꢲ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑇀𑆪𑆷𑆲 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖿𑖧𑖳𑖮 (Siddham script)
* ව්‍යූහ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾 𑪙𑩻𑩒𑩛𑪂 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚶𑚣𑚱𑚩 (Takri script)
* வ்யூஹ (Tamil script)
* వ్యూహ (Telugu script)
* วฺยูห (Thai script)
* ཝྱཱུ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑓂𑒨𑒴𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑩇𑨪𑨃𑨊𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋjuː.ɦɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋjuː.ɦɐ/

### Noun

व्यूह • (vyūha) stem, ?
* group

#### Descendants

* Pali: vyūha
* Prakrit: 𑀯𑀽𑀳 (vūha), 𑀯𑀺𑀊𑀳 (viūha)
** Awadhi: बूह (būh)
** Odia: ଭୁଅ (bhua)
* → Malayalam: വ്യൂഹം (vyūhaṁ)
* → Tamil: ஊகம் (ūkam)

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vyūha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# शकुन
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʃə.kʊn/, [ʃɐ.kʊ̃n]

### Noun

शकुन • (śakun) m (Urdu spelling شَكُن)
* Alternative form of शगुन (śagun)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* শকুন (Assamese script)
* ᬰᬓᬸᬦ (Balinese script)
* শকুন (Bengali script)
* 𑰫𑰎𑰲𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀰𑀓𑀼𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ၐကုန (Burmese script)
* શકુન (Gujarati script)
* ਸ਼ਕੁਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌶𑌕𑍁𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦯꦏꦸꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂬𑂍𑂳𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ಶಕುನ (Kannada script)
* ឝកុន (Khmer script)
* ຨກຸນ (Lao script)
* ശകുന (Malayalam script)
* ᡧᠠᡬᡠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘫𑘎𑘳𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᠱᠠᢉᠤᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧋𑦮𑧔𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐱𑐎𑐸𑐣 (Newa script)
* ଶକୁନ (Odia script)
* ꢯꢒꢸꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆯𑆑𑆶𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖫𑖎𑖲𑖡 (Siddham script)
* ශකුන (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩿𑩜𑩒𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚧𑚊𑚰𑚝 (Takri script)
* ஶகுந (Tamil script)
* శకున (Telugu script)
* ศกุน (Thai script)
* ཤ་ཀུ་ན (Tibetan script)
* 𑒬𑒏𑒳𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨮𑨋𑨃𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Munda (compare Kharia kon-th'ed "kind of bird"); or related to Proto-Slavic sokolъ "falcon".

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɕɐ.ku.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɕɐ.ku.n̪ɐ/

### Noun

शकुन • (śakuna) stem, ?
* bird (esp. of large birds and such as give omens)
* good omen
# शठ
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* শঠ (Assamese script)
* ᬰᬞ (Balinese script)
* শঠ (Bengali script)
* 𑰫𑰙 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀰𑀞 (Brahmi script)
* ၐဌ (Burmese script)
* શઠ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ਼ਠ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌶𑌠 (Grantha script)
* ꦯꦜ (Javanese script)
* 𑂬𑂘 (Kaithi script)
* ಶಠ (Kannada script)
* ឝឋ (Khmer script)
* ຨຐ (Lao script)
* ശഠ (Malayalam script)
* ᡧᠠᡱᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘫𑘙 (Modi script)
* ᠱᠠᢍᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧋𑦹 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐱𑐛 (Newa script)
* ଶଠ (Odia script)
* ꢯꢝ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆯𑆜 (Sharada script)
* 𑖫𑖙 (Siddham script)
* ශඨ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩿𑩧 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚧𑚕 (Takri script)
* ஶட² (Tamil script)
* శఠ (Telugu script)
* ศฐ (Thai script)
* ཤ་ཋ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒬𑒚 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨮𑨕 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Unknown.
* Turner classes it with a set of "defective" words, including शण्ठ (śaṇṭha, “rogue, fool; impotent”) (only attested lexicographically), षण्ढ (ṣaṇḍha, “eunuch”), ultimately claiming a substrate origin.
* Proponents of Fortunatov's law, including Burrow, claim descent from earlier *शल्थ (śaltha), from Proto-Indo-European *skel-. This would mean the word is a doublet of छल (chala, “deceit”), and a cognate of Ancient Greek σκολῐός (skolĭós, “curved, bent”) and Latin scelus (“an evil deed”). The derivation is not quite clear however; aspiration is unexplained and the initial reflects *(s)ḱel-.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɕɐ.ʈʰɐ/

### Adjective

शठ • (śaṭha) stem
* false, deceitful, fraudulent, wicked, malevolent
    शठे शाठ्यं समाचरेत् ― śaṭhe śāṭhyaṃ samācaret ― Bear wickedness with the wicked
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

#### Declension
### Noun

शठ • (śaṭha) stem, m
* cheat, rogue
** a false or deceitful lover (who pretends to love one woman while his heart is fixed on another)
* a male given name

#### Descendants

* Pali: saṭha
* → Malayalam: ശഠൻ (śaṭhaṉ) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śaṭha-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 625
* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*śaṭṭa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Burrow, Thomas (1972) “A Reconsideration of Fortunatov's Law”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London‎, volume 35, number 3, page 541 of 531–545

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “शठ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1048.
# सट्ट
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* সট্ট (Assamese script)
* ᬲᬝ᭄ᬝ (Balinese script)
* সট্ট (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰘𑰿𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑀝𑁆𑀝 (Brahmi script)
* သဋ္ဋ (Burmese script)
* સટ્ટ (Gujarati script)
* ਸਟ੍ਟ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑌟𑍍𑌟 (Grantha script)
* ꦱꦛ꧀ꦛ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂗𑂹𑂗 (Kaithi script)
* ಸಟ್ಟ (Kannada script)
* សដ្ដ (Khmer script)
* ສຏ຺ຏ (Lao script)
* സട്ട (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᠠᢞᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘘𑘿𑘘 (Modi script)
* ᠰᠠᢌᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑦸𑧠𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑐚𑑂𑐚 (Newa script)
* ସଟ୍ଟ (Odia script)
* ꢱꢜ꣄ꢜ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑆛𑇀𑆛 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖘𑖿𑖘 (Siddham script)
* සට‍්ට (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁𑩦 𑪙𑩦 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚔𑚶𑚔 (Takri script)
* ஸட்ட (Tamil script)
* సట్ట (Telugu script)
* สฏฺฏ (Thai script)
* ས་ཊྚ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑒙𑓂𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑨔𑩇𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /sɐʈ.ʈɐ/, [sɐʈ̚.ʈɐ]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /s̪ɐʈ.ʈɐ/, [s̪ɐʈ̚.ʈɐ]

### Noun

सट्ट • (saṭṭa) stem, ?
* Two pieces of timber at the side of a door

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “सट्ट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0401.
# Liepiņš
## Latvian
### Etymology

liepa + -iņš.

### Proper noun

Liepiņš m
* a male surname originating as a patronymic, feminine equivalent Liepiņa

### Further reading

* “Liepiņš”, in Latviešu uzvārdu vārdnīca [Dictionary of Latvian surnames] (in Latvian), 2023–2025