# 光

| 光 | U+5149, &#20809; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5149 |
| ← 先 [U+5148] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 兊 → [U+514A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

光 (Kangxi radical 10, 儿+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火一山 (FMU), four-corner 9021$_1$, composition ⿱⺌兀)

#### Derived characters

* 侊, 垙, 挄, 咣, 洸, 恍, 姯, 㹰, 珖, 桄, 晄, 胱, 㿠, 硄, 絖, 輄(𨐈), 觥, 靗, 銧, 皝, 駫, 䯑
* 尡, 䆪, 韑, 輝(辉), 黋, 㒯, 耀, 兤, 茪, 晃, 䨔, 㘢
* 𢓥, 𭘜, 𨒺, 𤈛, 𥙑, 𥆄, 𦨻, 𧧯, 𧵦, 𨠵, 𩊠
* 𰃌, 𣆥, 𠒦, 𠒥, 𠒬, 𤾗, 𠓇, 𪀯, 𠓁, 𦒉, 𠓅, 𠓐, 𠓑, 𧹍
* 𣆤, 𰃍, 𢩊, 𤶏, 𡾡

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 124, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1350
* Dae Jaweon: page 262, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 266, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5149

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 光 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Oracle bone scriptj23048j23049j23050j23051j23052j23053j23054j23055j23056j23057j23058j23059j23060j23061j23062Bronze inscriptionsb14861b14862b14863b14864b14865b14866b14867b14868b14869b14870b14871b14872b14873b14874b14875b14876b14877b14878b14879b14880b14881b14882Small seal scripts07367Transcribed ancient scriptsL32956L32957L32958L32959L32960L32961L32962L10093L10094L10095L10096L10097L10098L10099L10100L10101L10102L10103L10104L10105L10106L10107L10108L10109L10110L10111L10112L10113 |||||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||||
| | Old Chinese |
| 光 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs |
| 灮 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 洸 | *kʷaːŋ, *qʷaːŋ |
| 桄 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs |
| 胱 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 垙 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 輄 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 恍 | *kʷaːŋ, *qʰʷaːŋʔ |
| 茪 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 侊 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷraːŋ |
| 晃 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 幌 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 榥 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 滉 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 觥 | *kʷraːŋ |
| 駫 | *kʷeːŋ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 火 (“fire”) + 卩 (“kneeling person”) – fire over a person's head, emphasizing the shining of light (Shuowen).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *hwaŋ (“shine; bright; yellow”). Cognate with 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “yellow”), 曠 (OC *kʰʷaːŋs, “bright; well-lit”), Burmese ဝင်း (wang:, “bright”).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): guāng, guǎng (guang$^1$, guang$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤ, ㄍㄨㄤˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): guang$^1$
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): guàn
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуон (guon, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwong$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gwong$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gong$^1$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): gong$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): guong$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kông
    (Hailu, HRS): gong$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): guong$^1$
    (Changting, Changting Pinyin): gông$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): guon$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): guáng
* Eastern Min (BUC): guŏng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gung$^1$ / gng$^1$ / gorng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kng / kuiⁿ / kong / koang
    (Teochew, Peng'im): geng$^1$ / guang$^1$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): guang$^1$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gung$^1$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$kuaon / $^1$kuan
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): guan$^1$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): gong$^1$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): guan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese; Beijing dialect)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guang
*** Wade–Giles: kuang$^1$
*** Yale: gwāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guang
*** Palladius: гуан (guan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
** (Beijing dialect)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guǎng
*** Wade–Giles: kuang$^3$
*** Yale: gwǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goang
*** Palladius: гуан (guan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: guang$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guong
*** Sinological IPA : /kuaŋ⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: guàn
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): guan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuã³¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуон (guon, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /kuɑŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwong$^1$
*** Yale: gwōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: gwong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔŋ²¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔŋ³³/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: gong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: guong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuɔŋ⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kông
*** Hakka Romanization System: gong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /koŋ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gong$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /koŋ⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: guong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Changting)
*** Changting Pinyin: gông$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kɔŋ³³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: guon$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuɒ̃¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: guáng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuaŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: guŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuoŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gung$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kŋ̍⁵³³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gorng$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: go̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒŋ⁵³³/
* gung1/gng1 - vernacular;
* gorng1 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit光 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kuɑŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /kuaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /kuɑŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /kuaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /kuaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /kuaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /kuaŋ²¹/ ～頭 /kuaŋ²⁴/ 副詞 |
| Mandarin | Xining | /kuɔ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /kuɑŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /kuɑ̃³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /kuɑŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /kuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /kuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /kuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /kuã̠⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /kuaŋ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /kuɑ̃²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kuɒ̃¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /kuɑŋ¹³/ /kuə¹³/ ～油油 |
| Jin | Hohhot | /kuɑ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kuɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /kuɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /kuɑŋ³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /kuɔ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ko³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /kuan³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /kɔn³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kuɔŋ⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kuoŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /koŋ²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kwɔŋ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kɔŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kwɔŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kɔŋ⁵⁵/ /kŋ̍⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kuoŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kuaŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kuaŋ³³/ /kɯŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kuaŋ²³/ /kue²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: kwang
Rime :
| Character | 光 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古黃切 |
| Baxter | kwang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kwɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤaŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷaːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 光 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | guāng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kwang › |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷˁaŋ/ |
| English | light, brightness |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 光 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 4506 |
| Phonetic component | 光 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷaːŋ/ |
| Notes | 灮隸變 |

#### Definitions

光
* light; beam; ray (Classifier: 束 m; 道 m)
    燈光／灯光 ― dēngguāng ― lamplight
    聚光燈／聚光灯 ― jùguāngdēng ― spotlight
       Yī shù guāng tòuguò ménféng shè jìnlái. [Pinyin]
       A beam of light shone through the door.
** (specifically, physics) ray (Classifier: 條／条)
* to make bare; to be naked
    光著腳走路／光着脚走路 ― guāngzhe jiǎo zǒulù ― to walk barefoot
    我光著呢。／我光着呢。 ― Wǒ guāngzhe ne. ― I'm not decent.
    褪光光 [Hokkien] ― thǹg-kng-kng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to be naked; to be in the nude
* only; alone
       Bié guāng chī ròu, chī diǎn shūcài ba. [Pinyin]
       Don't eat only meat. Eat some vegetables.
* Particle used after verbs to show exhaustion or completion; until none is left
    賣光了／卖光了 ― mài guāng le ― completely sold out
       Wǒ yǐjīng yòngguāng le suǒyǒu de qián. [Pinyin]
       I've already used up all of my money.
       Lí m̄-thang chiong chîⁿ ēng kah kng kng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Don't completely used up the money.
* scenery; sight
    風光／风光 ― fēngguāng ― landscape
* glory; pride; honor
    臺灣之光／台湾之光 ― Táiwān zhī guāng ― the pride of Taiwan; someone who has brought glory to Taiwan
* time
    光陰／光阴 ― guāngyīn ― the limited time available in a person's life
    時光／时光 ― shíguāng ― the inevitable passing of events from future to present then past
* bright
    光明 ― guāngmíng ― bright; shining
    呢度好光。 [Cantonese] ― ni$^1$ dou$^6$ hou$^2$ gwong$^1$. [Jyutping] ― It's very bright here.
       Chit keng pâng-keng chin kng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       This room is very bright.
* brightness; luster
    光澤／光泽 ― guāngzé ― luster; gloss; sheen
* smooth; glossy; polished; shiny; sleek
    光滑 ― guānghuá ― smooth; glossy; sleek
       Chio̍h-thâu bôa kah chin kng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The stone is polished smooth.
* (figurative) advantage; benefit; goodness
    沾光 ― zhānguāng ― to benefit from an association with someone
* to add honor to; to win honor for; to add luster on
    光宗耀祖 ― guāngzōngyàozǔ ― to bring honour to one's ancestors and clan
* (literary) to glorify; to bring honor to; to exalt; to make conspicuous
* Used in polite expressions.
    光臨／光临 ― guānglín ― presence (polite)
    光顧／光顾 ― guānggù ― to visit; to come; to patronize
* (Hokkien) to become bright; to brighten
    天光囉。／天光啰。 [Hokkien] ― Thian kng lô. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― The sky has become bright.
* a surname

##### Synonyms

* (light):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 光 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 光 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 光, 亮兒 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 光 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 光, 亮兒 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 光, 亮 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 光 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 光 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 光 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 光 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 光 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 光, 亮 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 光 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 光 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 光 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 光, 亮 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 光 |
| Hakka | Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao) | 光 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan) | 光 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian) | 光 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang) | 光 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 光 |
| Hakka | Rongxian (Xiandi) | 光 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 光 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 光, 亮 † |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 光 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 光 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 光 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 光 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 光 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 光 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 亮, 光 |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang | 光 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 光 |
| Note | † - beam or lamplight | † - beam or lamplight |
* (ray (physics)): 射線／射线 (shèxiàn)
* (only): (Xiang) 盡／尽 (jìn)
* (bright):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 明, 亮 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 亮, 光亮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 亮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 亮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 亮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 亮 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 亮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 亮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 亮 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 亮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 亮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 亮, 光 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 亮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 亮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 亮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 亮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 亮 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 皓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 皓 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 皓 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 光 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 光, 皓 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 光 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 光 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 光 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 光 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 亮 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 光 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 光 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 光 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 光 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 光 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 光 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 光 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 光 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 光 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 光 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 光 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 光 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 光 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 光 |
| Hakka | Changting | 光 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 光 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 光 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 光 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 光 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 光 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 光 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 光 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 光 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 光 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 光 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 光 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 光 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 光 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 光 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 光 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 光 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 光 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 光 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 光 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 光 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 光 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 光 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 光 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 亮, 光 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 亮 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 亮 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 光 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 光 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 光 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 光 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 光 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 光 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 光 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 光 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 光 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 光 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 光, 亮 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 光 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 光 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 光 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 光 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 光 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 亮 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 亮 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 亮 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 亮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 光 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 亮, 光 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 亮, 光 |

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bright”): 暗 (àn), 黑 (hēi)

##### Compounds

* 三光 (sānguāng)
* 不光 (bùguāng)
* 不光棍
* 不靈光 / 不灵光
* 五光十色 (wǔguāngshísè)
* 亮光 (liàngguāng)
* 亮光光
* 亮光漆
* 亮光蠟 / 亮光蜡
* 仰光 (Yǎngguāng)
* 佛光 (fóguāng)
* 借光 (jièguāng)
* 候光
* 偏光 (piānguāng)
* 做光
* 偏光鏡 / 偏光镜
* 偏振光 (piānzhènguāng)
* 偏極光 / 偏极光
* 光了了
* 光亮 (guāngliàng)
* 光儀 / 光仪
* 光價 / 光价
* 光光 (guāngguāng)
* 充光棍
* 光出律
* 光出溜
* 光刀
* 光前裕後 / 光前裕后
* 光化 (Guānghuà)
* 光化作用
* 光化學 / 光化学 (guānghuàxué)
* 光化學煙霧 / 光化学烟雾 (guānghuàxué yānwù)
* 光反應 / 光反应
* 光合作用 (guānghé zuòyòng)
* 光周期
* 光圈 (guāngquān)
* 光國 / 光国
* 光圈數 / 光圈数
* 光塌塌
* 光塵 / 光尘
* 光壓 / 光压 (guāngyā)
* 光大 (guāngdà)
* 光夫
* 光天化日 (guāngtiānhuàrì)
* 光子 (guāngzǐ)
* 光存儲器 / 光存储器
* 光學 / 光学 (guāngxué)
* 光學纖維 / 光学纤维
* 光宅
* 光宗燿祖 / 光宗耀祖
* 光害 (guānghài)
* 光寵 / 光宠
* 光導管 / 光导管
* 光導縴維 / 光导纤维
* 光屁股
* 光山
* 光州 (Guāngzhōu)
* 光差
* 光巴
* 光帶 / 光带
* 光年 (guāngnián)
* 光度 (guāngdù)
* 光度計 / 光度计
* 光彩 (guāngcǎi)
* 光影 (guāngyǐng)
* 光復 / 光复 (guāngfù)
* 光復會 / 光复会
* 光復節 / 光复节 (Guāngfùjié)
* 光心
* 光怪 (guāngguài)
* 光怪陸離 / 光怪陆离 (guāngguàilùlí)
* 光打印機 / 光打印机
* 光打雷，不下雨
* 光撻撻 / 光挞挞
* 光攝 / 光摄
* 光啟 / 光启
* 光敏症
* 光敏電阻 / 光敏电阻 (guāngmǐn diànzǔ)
* 光斑 (guāngbān)
* 光昌
* 光明 (guāngmíng)
* 光明正大 (guāngmíngzhèngdà)
* 光明燈 / 光明灯 (guāngmíngdēng)
* 光明磊落 (guāngmínglěiluò)
* 光昭
* 光景 (guāngjǐng)
* 光暈 / 光晕 (guāngyùn)
* 光有
* 光朗朗
* 光期性
* 光束 (guāngshù)
* 光板兒 / 光板儿
* 光柱
* 光柵 / 光栅
* 光桿兒 / 光杆儿
* 光棍 (guānggùn)
* 光棍兒 / 光棍儿 (guānggùnr)
* 光榮 / 光荣 (guāngróng)
* 光榮榜 / 光荣榜 (guāngróngbǎng)
* 光標 / 光标 (guāngbiāo)
* 光武 (Guāngwǔ)
* 光氣 / 光气 (guāngqì)
* 光波 (guāngbō)
* 光油油 (guāngyóuyóu)
* 光流
* 光洋 (guāngyáng)
* 光滑 (guānghuá)
* 光源 (guāngyuán)
* 光溜 (guāngliu)
* 光溜溜 (guāngliūliū)
* 光潤 / 光润 (guāngrùn)
* 光潔 / 光洁
* 光潔度 / 光洁度
* 光澤 / 光泽 (guāngzé)
* 光火 (guānghuǒ)
* 光烈
* 光焰
* 光照 (guāngzhào)
* 光照度
* 光煙霧 / 光烟雾
* 光熙
* 光燄 / 光焰
* 光燙 / 光烫
* 光燦 / 光灿
* 光燦燦 / 光灿灿
* 光燿 / 光耀
* 光球 (guāngqiú)
* 光環 / 光环 (guānghuán)
* 光疏媒質 / 光疏媒质
* 光療 / 光疗 (guāngliáo)
* 光盤 / 光盘 (guāngpán)
* 光碟 (guāngdié)
* 光碟機 / 光碟机 (guāngdiéjī)
* 光碟櫃 / 光碟柜
* 光票
* 光祿寺 / 光禄寺
* 光私
* 光禿 / 光秃
* 光禿禿 / 光秃秃 (guāngtūtū)
* 光禿禿的 / 光秃秃的
* 光程
* 光筆 / 光笔 (guāngbǐ)
* 光緒 / 光绪 (Guāngxù)
* 光綽綽 / 光绰绰
* 光線 / 光线 (guāngxiàn)
* 光緻緻 / 光致致
* 光纖 / 光纤 (guāngxiān)
* 光纖維 / 光纤维
* 光纜 / 光缆 (guānglǎn)
* 光耀 (guāngyào)
* 光耀耀
* 光老
* 光能
* 光脊梁
* 光腳 / 光脚 (guāngjiǎo)
* 光腳兒 / 光脚儿
* 光膀子 (guāngbǎngzi)
* 光臉 / 光脸
* 光臨 / 光临 (guānglín)
* 光色
* 光芒 (guāngmáng)
* 光苔
* 光華 / 光华 (guānghuá)
* 光著眼
* 光藝術 / 光艺术
* 光藻
* 光蛋 (guāngdàn)
* 光行差
* 光表
* 光裕
* 光覺 / 光觉
* 光解作用
* 光譜 / 光谱 (guāngpǔ)
* 光譜儀 / 光谱仪 (guāngpǔyí)
* 光譜計 / 光谱计
* 光豔 / 光艳
* 光資訊 / 光资讯
* 光赤
* 光趟
* 光身子
* 光身漢 / 光身汉
* 光軸 / 光轴 (guāngzhóu)
* 光輪 / 光轮
* 光輝 / 光辉 (guānghuī)
* 光輻射 / 光辐射
* 光辣撻 / 光辣挞
* 光速 (guāngsù)
* 光通量
* 光采 (guāngcǎi)
* 光量子
* 光閃閃 / 光闪闪
* 光闌 / 光阑
* 光降
* 光陰 / 光阴 (guāngyīn)
* 光陸離 / 光陆离
* 光電 / 光电 (guāngdiàn)
* 光電子 / 光电子
* 光電效應 / 光电效应 (guāngdiàn xiàoyìng)
* 光電池 / 光电池
* 光電管 / 光电管
* 光靈 / 光灵
* 光面 (guāngmiàn)
* 光面兒 / 光面儿
* 光面子
* 光頭 / 光头 (guāngtóu)
* 光顧 / 光顾 (guānggù)
* 光風 / 光风
* 光風霽月 / 光风霁月
* 光餅 / 光饼 (guāngbǐng)
* 光駕 / 光驾
* 光驅 / 光驱 (guāngqū)
* 光鮮 / 光鲜 (guāngxiān)
* 光鹵石 / 光卤石
* 光麗 / 光丽
* 光麵 / 光面 (guāngmiàn)
* 兩面光 / 两面光
* 八面光 (bāmiànguāng)
* 冷光 (lěngguāng)
* 刀光
* 分光儀 / 分光仪
* 分光鏡 / 分光镜
* 剃光頭 / 剃光头 (tìguāngtóu)
* 務光 / 务光
* 北極光 / 北极光 (běijíguāng)
* 反光 (fǎnguāng)
* 反光板
* 反光鏡 / 反光镜 (fǎnguāngjìng)
* 叨光 (tāoguāng)
* 司馬光 / 司马光
* 同光
* 向光 (xiàngguāng)
* 向光性
* 吃得光
* 呂光 / 吕光
* 含光
* 呎燭光 / 呎烛光
* 嚴光 / 严光
* 回光鏡 / 回光镜
* 國光 / 国光 (Guóguāng)
* 國光號 / 国光号
* 圓光 / 圆光 (yuánguāng)
* 增光 (zēngguāng)
* 外光派
* 夜光
* 夜光杯 (yèguāngbēi)
* 夜光漆
* 夜光璧
* 夜光蟲 / 夜光虫
* 夜光錶 / 夜光表
* 夜光雲 / 夜光云
* 天光 (tiānguāng)
* 女光棍
* 娭光
* 孟光
* 孤光
* 容光 (róngguāng)
* 寒光
* 寵光 / 宠光
* 對光 / 对光
* 對光兒 / 对光儿
* 屈光度
* 左光斗
* 希光
* 幛光
* 平光 (píngguāng)
* 年光
* 幻光
* 引光奴
* 弧光 (húguāng)
* 弧光燈 / 弧光灯
* 弧光譜 / 弧光谱
* 徐光啟 / 徐光启
* 恩光
* 感光 (gǎnguāng)
* 感光紙 / 感光纸 (gǎnguāngzhǐ)
* 戚繼光 / 戚继光
* 打光
* 打光棍 (dǎ guānggùn)
* 打耳光 (dǎ ěrguāng)
* 折光 (zhéguāng)
* 拋光 / 抛光 (pāoguāng)
* 挨光
* 採光 / 采光 (cǎiguāng)
* 掣光
* 推光頭 / 推光头
* 搖光 / 摇光
* 摑耳光 / 掴耳光 (guāi'érguāng)
* 散光
* 散光眼
* 新光 (Xīnguāng)
* 旋光性 (xuánguāngxìng)
* 日光 (rìguāng)
* 日光浴 (rìguāngyù)
* 日光燈 / 日光灯 (rìguāngdēng)
* 明光 (Míngguāng)
* 昌光
* 明月光
* 易玄光
* 星光 (xīngguāng)
* 春光 (chūnguāng)
* 時光 / 时光 (shíguāng)
* 晨光 (chénguāng)
* 普光
* 景光
* 晴光
* 暗光鳥 / 暗光鸟 (àm-kong-chiáu) (Min Nan)
* 曙光 (shǔguāng)
* 曝光 (bàoguāng)
* 曝光表 (bàoguāngbiǎo)
* 曳光彈 / 曳光弹 (yèguāngdàn)
* 月光 (yuèguāng)
* 月光族 (yuèguāngzú)
* 月光曲
* 月光花
* 有光紙 / 有光纸
* 有眼光
* 朧光 / 胧光
* 末光
* 朱光
* 東光 / 东光 (Dōngguāng)
* 柔光鏡 / 柔光镜
* 極光 / 极光 (jíguāng)
* 榮光 / 荣光 (róngguāng)
* 步光
* 歸有光 / 归有光
* 死光 (sǐguāng)
* 毫光
* 水光 (shuǐguāng)
* 沾光 (zhānguāng)
* 油光 (yóuguāng)
* 波光
* 流光
* 浮光 (fúguāng)
* 浮光掠影 (fúguānglüèyǐng)
* 清光
* 淚光 / 泪光 (lèiguāng)
* 淨光 / 净光
* 湖光
* 測光表 / 测光表
* 溜光
* 溜油光
* 漏光 (lòuguāng)
* 激光 (jīguāng)
* 濾光鏡 / 滤光镜
* 火光 (huǒguāng)
* 炎光
* 無光帶 / 无光带 (wúguāng dài)
* 照光
* 熒光屏 / 荧光屏 (yíngguāngpíng)
* 熒光燈 / 荧光灯 (yíngguāngdēng)
* 熒光粉 / 荧光粉
* 燐光 / 磷光 (línguāng)
* 燈光 / 灯光 (dēngguāng)
* 燭光 / 烛光 (zhúguāng)
* 爭光 / 争光 (zhēngguāng)
* 玉光 (Yùguāng)
* 瑩光 / 莹光
* 瑤光 / 瑶光
* 生光
* 用光 (yòngguāng)
* 畏光 (wèiguāng)
* 發光 / 发光 (fāguāng)
* 發光器 / 发光器
* 發光屏 / 发光屏
* 發光度 / 发光度
* 發光體 / 发光体
* 白光 (báiguāng)
* 白叨光
* 目光 (mùguāng)
* 眼光 (yǎnguāng)
* 砑光
* 砑光機 / 砑光机
* 磨光 (móguāng)
* 磷光 (línguāng)
* 祥光
* 窮光蛋 / 穷光蛋 (qióngguāngdàn)
* 精光 (jīngguāng)
* 紅光 / 红光 (hóngguāng)
* 絲光棉 / 丝光棉
* 老光棍
* 耳光 (ěrguāng)
* 聚光 (jùguāng)
* 聚光燈 / 聚光灯 (jùguāngdēng)
* 聚光鏡 / 聚光镜
* 聲光 / 声光
* 背光 (bèiguāng)
* 背光性
* 脫光 / 脱光 (tuōguāng)
* 臺光 / 台光
* 色光
* 莒光 (jǔguāng)
* 莒光樓 / 莒光楼
* 華光 / 华光
* 葛光 (Gěguāng)
* 葆光
* 螢光 / 萤光 (yíngguāng)
* 螢光劑 / 萤光剂
* 螢光幕 / 萤光幕 (yíngguāngmù)
* 螢光板 / 萤光板
* 螢光燈 / 萤光灯 (yíngguāngdēng)
* 螢光粉 / 萤光粉
* 螢光體 / 萤光体
* 蟾光 (chánguāng)
* 蠟光紙 / 蜡光纸
* 複合光 / 复合光
* 複色光 / 复色光
* 見光 / 见光 (jiànguāng)
* 見光死 / 见光死 (jiànguāngsǐ)
* 觀光 / 观光 (guānguāng)
* 觀光團 / 观光团 (guānguāngtuán)
* 觀光客 / 观光客 (guānguāngkè)
* 觀光局 / 观光局
* 觀光節 / 观光节
* 觀光週 / 观光周
* 調光 / 调光 (tiáoguāng)
* 謙光 / 谦光
* 變光星 / 变光星
* 賜光 / 赐光
* 賞光 / 赏光 (shǎngguāng)
* 趨光性 / 趋光性
* 輔光 / 辅光
* 輝光 / 辉光 (huīguāng)
* 辰光 (chénguāng)
* 逆光 (nìguāng)
* 透光 (tòuguāng)
* 通光 (thang-kng) (Min Nan)
* 透光帶 / 透光带 (tòuguāng dài)
* 透光性
* 透光鏡 / 透光镜
* 道光 (Dàoguāng)
* 遮光板
* 遺光 / 遗光
* 鄭光祖 / 郑光祖
* 配光
* 重光 (chóngguāng)
* 金光 (jīnguāng)
* 金光菊 (jīnguāngjú)
* 金光黨 / 金光党 (jīnguāngdǎng)
* 鎂光 / 镁光
* 鎂光燈 / 镁光灯 (měiguāngdēng)
* 閃光 / 闪光 (shǎnguāng)
* 閃光燈 / 闪光灯 (shǎnguāngdēng)
* 開光 / 开光 (kāiguāng)
* 闖光棍 / 闯光棍
* 陽光 / 阳光 (yángguāng)
* 電光 / 电光 (diànguāng)
* 電光源 / 电光源
* 霞光 (xiáguāng)
* 靈光 / 灵光 (língguāng)
* 青光眼 (qīngguāngyǎn)
* 面光
* 韜光 / 韬光 (tāoguāng)
* 韶光
* 風光 / 风光
* 飛光 / 飞光
* 餘光 / 余光
* 駒光 / 驹光
* 驗光 / 验光 (yànguāng)
* 黃道光 / 黄道光
* 龍光 / 龙光

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 光(こう) (kō)
* → Korean: 광(光) (gwang)
* → Vietnamese: quang (光)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guàng (guang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guàng
*** Wade–Giles: kuang$^4$
*** Yale: gwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guanq
*** Palladius: гуан (guan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: kwangH
Rime :
| Character | 光 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古曠切 |
| Baxter | kwangH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kwɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwong$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷaːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 光 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 4517 |
| Phonetic component | 光 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 桄 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷaːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

光
* (historical dictionaries only) to color

### References

* “光”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “光”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひかり (hikari, 光, Jōyō)、ひかる (hikaru, 光る, Jōyō)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、てる (teru)、ひこ (hiko)、み (mi)、みつ (mitsu)

#### Compounds

* 竹光(たけみつ) (takemitsu)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 光
* ひかり Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
⟨pi$_1$kari⟩ → */pʲikari/ → /ɸikari/ → /hikari/
From Old Japanese.
Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 光る (hikaru, “to shine, to glitter, to gleam”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひかり [hìkáríꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [çi̥ka̠ɾʲi]

#### Noun

光(ひかり) • (hikari) (counter 筋)
* a physically perceived light:
** a light, beam, illumination
** a gleam, glow, ray
** a glimmer, shine, sparkle
    ダイヤモンドの光(ひかり)
       daiyamondo no hikari
       a diamond's glitter / shine / twinkling
** a luster/lustre, polish, sheen
* a metaphorical light:
** glory, influence, power
** a glimmer, gleam
    前(ぜん)途(と)に光(ひかり)を失(うしな)う
       zento ni hikari o ushinau
       to lose light regarding the future → future prospects grow dim
    解(かい)決(けつ)への道(みち)に光(ひかり)を投(な)げかける
       kaiketsu e no michi ni hikari o nagekakeru
       to shed light on the way to a solution
** positive aspect
    インターネット時(じ)代(だい)の光(ひかり)
       intānetto jidai no hikari
       the positive aspect of the internet age
** a displaying, putting on airs
** a vision, eyesight
* (optics) relating to light or vision: optical, photo-
    光(ひかり)ファイバー
       hikari faibā
       optical fiber
* (colloquial) Short for 光り物 (hikarimono): sashimi with some of the silver-colored skin left

##### Synonyms

* (glitter): 光(こう)沢(たく) (kōtaku)
* (glory): 栄(は)え (hae), 栄(えい)光(こう) (eikō)

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “positive aspect”): 影(かげ) (kage, “negative aspect”)

##### Derived terms

* ぴかぴか (pikapika)
* ぴかり (pikari, “glitteringly, sparklingly”)
* 光(ひかり)カード (hikari kādo, “optical card”)
* 光害(ひかりがい) (hikarigai)
* 光苔(ヒカリゴケ) (hikarigoke)
* 光(ひかり)コンピュータ (hikari konpyūta, “optical computer”)
* 光(ひかり)ディスク (hikari disuku, “optical disc”)
* 光(ひかり)通信(つうしん) (hikari tsūshin, “optical communication”)
* 光(ひかり)通信(つうしん)ケーブル (hikari tsūshin kēburu, “optical communication cable, fiberoptic cable”)
* 光(ひかり)ファイバー (hikari faibā, “optical fiber”)
* 光(ひかり)伝道度(でんどうど) (hikari dendōdo, “photoconductivity”)
* 光(ひかり)分解(ぶんかい) (hikari bunkai, “optical degradation, photodegradation”)
* 光桃(ひかりもも) (hikarimomo)
* 稲(いな)光(びかり) (inabikari)
* 死光(しにびかり) (shinibikari)
* 七(なな)光(ひかり) (nanahikari)
* 蛍(ほたる)の光(ひかり) (Hotaru no Hikari)

##### Idioms

* 蛍(ほたる)の光(ひかり)窓(まど)の雪(ゆき) (hotaru no hikari mado no yuki, “firefly's dim light, snow reflected on the window → diligent study”)

##### Descendants

* → Okinawan: 光 (fikari)

#### Proper noun

光(ひかり) • (Hikari)
* Hikari (a city in Yamaguchi prefecture, Japan)
* one of the bullet train services running on the 東海道 (Tōkaido) or 山陽 (San'yō) shinkansen
* a surname
* a male or female given name

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 光
* ひか(る) Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
Nominalization of the verb 光る (hikaru, “to shine, to glitter, to gleam”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひかる [hìkáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [çika̠ɾɯ̟]

#### Proper noun

光(ひかる) • (Hikaru)
* a male given name
* a female given name

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 光
* こう Grade: 2
* on'yomi
/kʷau/ → /kʷɔː/ → /kɔː/ → /koː/
From Middle Chinese 光 (MC kwang).
Compare modern Mandarin 光 (guāng), Hakka 光 (kông), and Min Nan 光 (kong).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ko̞ː]

#### Affix

光(こう) • (kō)
* light, gleam, shine
* gleaming, shining
* scenery
* glory, honor/honour, pride
* enlightening
* exhaust, run out

##### Derived terms

* 光陰(こういん) (kōin)
* 光栄(こうえい) (kōei)
* 光(こう)輝(き) (kōki)
* 光景(こうけい) (kōkei)
* 光沢(こうたく) (kōtaku)
* 光線(こうせん) (kōsen)
* 光明(こうみょう) (kōmyō)
* 光明(こうめい) (kōmei)
* 光来(こうらい) (kōrai)
* 光臨(こうりん) (kōrin)
* 威(い)光(こう) (ikō)
* 栄光(えいこう) (eikō)
* 観光(かんこう) (kankō)
* 眼光(がんこう) (gankō)
* 月光(げっこう) (gekkō)
* 後(ご)光(こう) (gokō)
* 採光(さいこう) (saikō)
* 消光(しょうこう) (shōkō)
* 閃光(せんこう) (senkō)
* 電光(でんこう) (denkō)
* 日光(にっこう) (nikkō)
* 発光(はっこう) (hakkō)
* 風光(ふうこう) (fūkō)
* 目光(もっこう) (mokkō)
* 夜(や)光(こう) (yakō)

#### Proper noun

光(こう) • (Kō)
* a male or female given name

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 光 (MC kwang).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 과ᇰ (Yale: kwàng) | 과ᇰ (Yale: kwàng) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 빗〮 (Yale: pís) | 과ᇰ (Yale: kwàng) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [광]

### Hanja

Wikisource 光 (eumhun 빛 광 (bit gwang))
* hanja form of 광 (“light; shine, lustre”) [noun]
* hanja form of 광 (“light”) [affix]

#### Compounds

* 관광 (觀光, gwan'gwang)
* 광명 (光明, gwangmyeong)
* 광선 (光線, gwangseon)
* 광속 (光速, gwangsok)
* 광택 (光澤, gwangtaek)
* 광학 (光學, gwanghak)
* 광합성 (光合成, gwanghapseong)
* 광휘 (光輝, gwanghwi)
* 발광 (發光, balgwang)
* 섬광 (閃光, seomgwang)
* 야광 (夜光, yagwang)
* 영광 (榮光, yeonggwang)
* 일광 (日光, ilgwang)
* 전광석화 (電光石火, jeon'gwangseokhwa)
* 형광 (螢光, hyeonggwang)
* 후광 (後光, hugwang)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): く (ku)
* Kun: ふぃちゃい (fichai, 光)、ふぃちゃゆん (fichayun, 光ゆん)

#### Compounds

* 夜(や)光(く)貝(げー) (yakugē)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 光
* ふぃちゃい Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
Cognate with Japanese 光(ひかり) (hikari).
The stem form of verb 光(ふぃちゃ)ゆん (fichayun, “to shine, gleam”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Shuri-Naha) ふぃちゃい [fìcháí] (Heiban - [0])
* IPA: [ɸit͡ɕai]

#### Noun

光(ふぃちゃい) (fichai)
* light
* lush, polish, sheen

##### Derived terms

* 月(ちち)ぬ光(ふぃちゃい) (chichi nu fichai)
* 日(ふぃー)ぬ光(ふぃちゃい) (fī nu fichai)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 光
* ふぃかり Grade: 2
Borrowed from Japanese 光(ひかり) (hikari).
Doublet of 光 (fichai) above.

#### Pronunciation

* (Shuri-Naha) ふぃかり [fìkárí] (Heiban - [0])
* IPA: [ɸikaɾi]

#### Noun

光(ふぃかり) (fikari)
* light
* (rare, obsolete) authority, power, influence, honor

##### Derived terms

* う光(ふぃかり) (ufikari)

### References
## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 光る (pi$_1$karu, “to shine, to glitter, to gleam”).

### Noun

光 (pi$_1$kari) (kana ひかり)
* a light

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:光.

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 光 (hikari)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese
### Han character

光: Hán Nôm readings: quang
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.