# 冰

| 冰 | U+51B0, &#20912; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51B0 |
| ← 冯 [U+51AF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 冱 → [U+51B1] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 冰 |
| Simplified | 冰 |
| Japanese | 氷 |
| Korean | 氷 |

### Han character

冰 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈一水 (IME), four-corner 3213$_0$, composition ⿰冫水)

#### Derived characters

* 𢬄, 栤, 𥒜, 𦀋, 𨀰, 𨋲, 𣑏, 𭜯

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 131, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1612
* Dae Jaweon: page 294, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 295, character 9
* Unihan data for U+51B0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 冰 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Vulgar character |
| | Old Chinese |
| 冫 | *prɯŋ |
| 冰 | *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ |
| 砅 | *pʰrɯŋ, *rads |
| 馮 | *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ |
| 憑 | *bɯŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ): phonetic 冫 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 水. The above vulgar character in Shuowen Jiezi is 凝.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-pəm (“to freeze; snow”) (provisionally reconstructed). Compare Proto-Tani *pam (“snow”), Japhug jpɣom (“to freeze”), tɤjpɣom (“ice”), and perhaps Tangut 𘒓 (*par¹, “to congeal”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019; Jacques, 2014).
Within Chinese, 凌 (OC *rɯŋ, “ice”) and possibly 凝 (OC *ŋrɯŋ, “to congeal”) are usually considered cognates (STEDT; Zhengzhang, 2003; Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). However, they are phonologically difficult to reconcile with the Tibeto-Burman cognates above (cf. Schuessler, 2007).
STEDT also includes 雱 (OC *pʰaːŋ, “heavy (snowfall)”) and 霙 (OC *qraŋ, “snowflake”) in the Chinese comparandum of (what it reconstructs) Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-p(w)am.
Alternatively, this may be related to Old Khmer ប្រិង៑ (“to harden; to solidify”), from រិង៑ (“to dry up”), although the meanings are difficult to reconcile (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): bīng (bing$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bin$^1$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): bǐng
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): bìn
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бин (bin, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bing$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): beang$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ben$^1$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): bing$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): bin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pên
    (Hailu, HRS): ben$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bên$^1$
    (Changting, Changting Pinyin): beng$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): biang$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): báing / béng
* Eastern Min (BUC): bĭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): peng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bian$^1$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): beng$^1$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): bang$^1$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^1$pin
** (Jinhua): $^1$pin
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): bin$^1$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): bin$^1$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): bin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bing
*** Wade–Giles: ping$^1$
*** Yale: bīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bing
*** Palladius: бин (bin)
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: bin$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bin
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁵⁵/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: bǐng
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: bìn
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pĩ³¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бин (bin, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bing$^1$
*** Yale: bīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɪŋ⁵⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: beang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pəŋ²¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ben$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pen³³/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: bing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɪŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pên
*** Hakka Romanization System: ben$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ben$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pen²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ben$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pen⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pɛn⁴⁴/
** (Changting)
*** Changting Pinyin: beng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /peŋ³³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: biang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /piaŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: báing / béng
*** Sinological IPA : /paiŋ⁵⁴/, /peiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bing$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bing
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peng
*** Tâi-lô: ping
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /piɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Singapore): /peŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bian$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: piaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /pĩã³³/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: beng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /peŋ³⁵/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: bang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pəŋ⁵³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pin
*** MiniDict: pin$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$pin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pin⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /piŋ⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɓiŋ⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /pin⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /pin⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /pin⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /piŋ⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /pin⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /pin³³⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /piŋ⁵²/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /piŋ⁵²/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /piŋ⁵³/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pin
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /piŋ³³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pin³³/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁴⁴/
** (Hengyang)
*** Wiktionary: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁴⁴⁵/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit冰 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /piŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /piŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /piŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /piŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /piŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /piŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /piŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /piə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /piŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /pĩn³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /piŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /pin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /pin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /pin⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /pĩ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /pin³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /pin²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /piəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /piŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /pĩŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /piŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /pin⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /pin³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /peŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /piʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /pɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /pin³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /pin³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /pin⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pen⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /pen²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /peŋ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /peŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /piŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /piŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /piŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /pain⁵⁴/ /peiŋ⁵⁴/ 新 |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /piã³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔbeŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: ping
Rime :
| Character | 冰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 筆陵切 |
| Baxter | ping |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pɨŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pieŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /piŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /piəŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭəŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯əŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*p.rəŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pŋrɯŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 冰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ping › |
| Old Chinese | /*p.rəŋ/ (dialect: *p.r- > *pr-) |
| English | ice |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 冰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 856 |
| Phonetic component | 仌 |
| Rime group | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 冫 |
| Old Chinese | /*pŋrɯŋ/ |

#### Definitions

冰
* ice (Classifier: 塊／块 m c; 嚿 c)
    冰塊／冰块 ― bīngkuài ― ice cube
* ice-cold
* to freeze; to ice
* (slang, drug) methamphetamine; meth; ice
    溜冰 ― liūbīng ― to smoke meth
* a surname, Bing

##### Synonyms

* (ice):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 冰, 凌 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 冰, 冰冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Wuchang (Yingchengzi) | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 冰, 凍 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 冰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Xianxian (Xiaoying) | 凌 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 冰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Rizhao | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 凍凍 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 冰, 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 冰 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 冰 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 凍凍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 凍凍 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 冰, 冰凌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 冬凌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 冰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 冰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 冰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 冰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 凍凍, 冰冰, 冰 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Qimen (Anling; Junhua) | 冰凍 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 冰 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 冰, 凍 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 冰, 凌冰, 凌冰兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Muli | 凌冰子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 冰, 凌冰兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 凌, 凌冰, 冰, 凍 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 冰, 凌冰 in nature |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 冰凌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luzhai | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luocheng (Dongmen) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianlin (Langping) | 凝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangzhou (Nalu) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 冰 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Oudomxay | 冰棒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 冰, 凍 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 冰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 凍 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 冰凍, 冰 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 冰凍 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 凌冰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 雪, 冰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 冰, 雪 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Chongkoumen, Nanlang; Tanka) | 冰, 雪 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 冰, 雪 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 冰, 雪 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Jintian) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Jiangkou) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Madong) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Changtan) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Chongzuo (Laituan) | 冰, 霜 dated |
| Cantonese | Fusui (Qujiu) | 冰, 霜 dated |
| Cantonese | Lingchuan (Yangjia) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 冰 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 冰 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 冰, 冰凌 |
| Gan | Pengze | 凌冰 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 冰 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 冰凌 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 冰, 凌冰 dated; in nature |
| Hakka | Meixian | 凝, 冰 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 凝餅 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 凝 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 硬凝 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 凝 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 冰 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 硬凝 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 冰 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 冰 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Changting | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 硬凝 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 冰 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 硬構 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 凌冰 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 冰 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 雪 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 冰 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Pingle (Tong'an) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 冰 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 雪 |
| Hakka | Pontianak (Meixian) | 雪 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 冰, 凍冰 |
| Huizhou | Shexian (Xianggao) | 冰 |
| Huizhou | Shexian (Daguyun) | 冰, 凍冰 |
| Huizhou | Qimen (Anling; Minhua) | 冰凍 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 冰, 冰凌 |
| Jin | Datong | 冰 |
| Jin | Datong (Yunzhou) | 冰 |
| Jin | Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) | 冰凌 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 冬蠟 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 冰凌 |
| Jin | Linhe | 冰 |
| Jin | Jining | 冰 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 冰 |
| Jin | Handan | 冰 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 冰, 霜冰 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 冰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 冰 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 冰, 霜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 冰, 霜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 冰, 霜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 霜, 冰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 霜, 冰 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 霜 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Pingtian) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Xiaowen) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Guiping (Dongsheng) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 霜, 冰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 霜水 |
| Southern Min | Phnom Penh (Teochew) | 冰霜 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 霜 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 冰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 冰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 冰 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 霜冰 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 冰 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Gejiayuan) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Zhegulu) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Silian) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Xiuxiang) | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang | 冰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Chongzuo (Laituan) | 冰 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Wutong, Lingui) | 冰 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) | 冰 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 冰 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Gaoqiao) | 冰 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guanyang (Guanyinge) | 雪 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 冰 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 冰 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 冰 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 冰 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 冰 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 冰 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 冰 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 冰 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 冰 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 冰 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 冰 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 冰 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 雪 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 涼槓 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Liangjiatan) | 凝鉤子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 冰 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 冰 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) | 冰 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 冰 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 冰 |
| Wu | Changshu | 冰, 冰凍 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 冰 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 冰 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 冰, 結冰 |
| Wu | Liyang | 冰 |
| Wu | Yixing | 冰 |
| Wu | Danyang | 冰, 凍 |
| Wu | Danyang (Tongjiaqiao) | 冰 |
| Wu | Jingjiang | 冰 |
| Wu | Jiangyin | 冰 |
| Wu | Huzhou (Shuanglin) | 冰 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 冰 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 冰 |
| Wu | Zhuji (Wangjiajing) | 冰凍 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Chongren) | 冰 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Taiping) | 冰 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 冰 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Yinzhou) | 冰 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 冰 |
| Wu | Zhoushan | 冰 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 冰 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 冰, 霜冰 in nature |
| Wu | Quzhou | 冰 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 冰 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 冰 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 冰 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 凌, 凌冰 in nature |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang | 冰 |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) | 凌構子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 構冷子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 冰 |
| Xiang | Hengshan | 冰 |
| Xiang | Hengshan (Baiguo) | 冰 |
| Xiang | Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) | 冰, 凌, 凌構 |
* (methamphetamine): 甲基苯丙胺 (jiǎjī běnbǐng'àn), 甲基安非他命 (jiǎjī'ānfēitāmìng), 冰毒 (bīngdú)

#### Compounds

* 冰上運動 / 冰上运动 (bīngshàng yùndòng)
* 冰人 (bīngrén)
* 冰冷 (bīnglěng)
* 冰凌 (bīnglíng)
* 冰凍 / 冰冻 (bīngdòng)
* 冰凌 (bīnglíng)
* 冰凉 (bīngliáng)
* 冰凍三尺，非一日之寒 / 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒 (bīngdòng sān chǐ, fēi yīrì zhī hán)
* 冰刀 (bīngdāo)
* 冰囊
* 冰坨 (bīngtuó)
* 冰場 / 冰场 (bīngchǎng)
* 冰塊 / 冰块 (bīngkuài)
* 冰塊兒 / 冰块儿
* 冰壅 (bīngyōng)
* 冰壇 / 冰坛
* 冰壩 / 冰坝
* 冰天雪地 (bīngtiānxuědì)
* 冰天雪窖
* 冰封 (bīngfēng)
* 冰屋 (bīngwū)
* 冰山 (bīngshān)
* 冰岩漿 / 冰岩浆 (bīngyánjiāng)
* 冰島 / 冰岛 (Bīngdǎo)
* 冰峰 (bīngfēng)
* 冰川 (bīngchuān)
* 冰川期 (bīngchuānqī)
* 冰巨行星 (bīng jùxíngxīng)
* 冰帆
* 冰床 (bīngchuáng)
* 冰心
* 冰掛 / 冰挂 (bīngguà)
* 冰排 (bīngpái)
* 冰掛兒 / 冰挂儿
* 冰排子
* 冰斗 (bīngdǒu)
* 冰晶 (bīngjīng)
* 冰景
* 冰晶石 (bīngjīngshí)
* 冰期 (bīngqī)
* 冰柱 (bīngzhù)
* 冰架 (bīngjià)
* 冰棒 (bīngbàng)
* 冰棍 (bīnggùn)
* 冰棍兒 / 冰棍儿 (bīnggùnr)
* 冰橇 (bīngqiāo)
* 冰櫃 / 冰柜 (bīngguì)
* 冰毒 (bīngdú)
* 冰水 (bīngshuǐ)
* 冰河 (bīnghé)
* 冰河時代 / 冰河时代
* 冰海
* 冰消瓦解 (bīngxiāowǎjiě)
* 冰淇淋 (bīngqílín)
* 冰清玉潔 / 冰清玉洁 (bīngqīngyùjié)
* 冰溜 (bīngliù)
* 冰激凌 (bīngjīlíng)
* 冰瀑
* 冰火山 (bīnghuǒshān)
* 冰炭 (bīngtàn)
* 冰熔岩 (bīngróngyán)
* 冰燈 / 冰灯 (bīngdēng)
* 冰片 (bīngpiàn)
* 冰球 (bīngqiú)
* 冰瓶
* 冰盆景
* 冰盆景兒 / 冰盆景儿
* 冰碴 (bīngchá)
* 冰碴兒 / 冰碴儿
* 冰磚 / 冰砖 (bīngzhuān)
* 冰窖 (bīngjiào)
* 冰箱 (bīngxiāng)
* 冰箸 (bīngzhù)
* 冰糕 (bīnggāo)
* 冰糖 (bīngtáng)
* 冰糖葫蘆 / 冰糖葫芦 (bīngtáng húlu)
* 冰肌玉骨
* 冰船 (bīngchuán)
* 冰花 (bīnghuā)
* 冰茶 (bīngchá)
* 冰蝕 / 冰蚀
* 冰袋 (bīngdài)
* 冰車 / 冰车
* 冰輪 / 冰轮 (bīnglún)
* 冰道
* 冰釋 / 冰释 (bīngshì)
* 冰錐 / 冰锥 (bīngzhuī)
* 冰錐子 / 冰锥子 (bīngzhuīzi)
* 冰鎮 / 冰镇 (bīngzhèn)
* 冰鎬 / 冰镐 (bīnggǎo)
* 冰鑒 / 冰鉴
* 冰鑹 / 冰镩 (bīngcuān)
* 冰雕 (bīngdiāo)
* 冰雪 (bīngxuě)
* 冰雪聰明 / 冰雪聪明 (bīngxuěcōngmíng)
* 冰雹 (bīngbáo)
* 冰霜 (bīngshuāng)
* 冰鞋 (bīngxié)
* 冰點 / 冰点 (bīngdiǎn)
* 愛玉冰 / 爱玉冰 (àiyùbīng)
* 採冰 / 采冰
* 春冰 (chūnbīng)
* 溜冰 (liūbīng)
* 滑冰 (huábīng)
* 臥冰 / 卧冰 (wòbīng)
* 芋仔冰
* 芋冰

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 冰 – see 凝 (“to coagulate; to congeal; to freeze; to focus; to concentrate; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 凝).

### References

* “冰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* Alternative form of 氷.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひょう (hyō)
* Kan-on: ひょう (hyō)
* Kun: こおり (kōri, 冰)、こおる (kōru, 冰る)、ひ (hi, 冰)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 冰
* ひょう Hyōgai
* on'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ço̞ː]

### Proper noun

冰(ひょう) • (Hyō)
* An orthographic borrowing of the Chinese surname 冰 (bīng), Bing

## Korean
### Hanja

冰 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing))
* Alternative form of 氷 (“hanja form of 빙 (“ice”)”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* 𫥇 (băng)

### Han character

冰: Hán Việt readings: băng (悲(bi)陵(lăng)切(thiết))
冰: Nôm readings: băng, phăng, bâng, văng, bưng
* chữ Hán form of băng (“ice”).

#### Compounds

* 冰島 (Băng Đảo)
* 冰河 (băng hà)
* 北冰洋 (Bắc Băng Dương)
* 南冰洋 (Nam Băng Dương)

### References

* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* 1 2 3 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 Bonet (1899).
* 1 2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
* 1 2 Hồ (1976).