# خان
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Persian خان (xân, “caravanserai”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xaːn/

#### Noun

خَان • (ḵān) m (plural خَانَات (ḵānāt))
* hostel, caravanserai, inn

##### Synonyms

* مُسَافِرْخَانَة (musāfirḵāna) (Vulgar Arabic)

##### Derived terms

* خَانَة (ḵāna)

##### Descendants

* English: khan

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

خَانَ • (ḵāna) I (non-past يَخُونُ (yaḵūnu), verbal noun خَوْن (ḵawn) or خِيَانَة (ḵiyāna) or مَخَانَة (maḵāna))
* to be disloyal, to be faithless, to be false, to be treacherous, to be perfidious; to act disloyally, to act treacherously, to act perfidiously
* to betray
** to cheat, to dupe, to hoodwink, to deceive, to impose upon, to fool, to deceive, to mislead
** to forsake, to desert, to let down
** to fail, to break (a promise, contract)

##### Related terms

* خَائِن (ḵāʔin)
* خَوَّان (ḵawwān)
* خَوَّنَ (ḵawwana)
* خَؤُون (ḵaʔūn)
* خِيَانَة (ḵiyāna)

### Etymology 3

From earlier قَان (qān), derived from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰣 (qan) a contraction of 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan); doublet of خَاقَان (ḵāqān) an earlier form, from Middle Persian hʾkʾn' (xāgān), from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan); ultimately of unknown origin, suggested as a borrowing.

#### Noun

خَان • (ḵān) m (plural خَوَانِين (ḵawānīn))
* khan, a ruler in Northern Asia

##### Derived terms

* خَانِيَّة (ḵāniyya, “khanate”)

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

خان
* Arabic spelling of xan

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Persian خان (xân, “caravanserai”).

#### Noun

خان • (han) (plural خانلار (hanlar))
* inn, caravanserai

##### Descendants

* Turkish: han
* → Albanian: han
* → Aromanian: háne
* → Bulgarian: хан (han)
* → Greek: χάνι (cháni)
* → Hungarian: hán
* → Romanian: han
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ха̑н
    Latin script: hȃn

### Etymology 2

Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan), considered to be of non-Turkic Central Asian origin.

#### Noun

خان • (han)
* khan

##### Descendants

* Turkish: han

### References

* Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “817.”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 134
* Zenker, Julius Theodor (1876) “خان”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 2 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 402

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [xɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xɑːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [xɑːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [xɔːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [xɒːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [χɔn]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Turkic; first attested in Islamic lands in Karakhanid coinage from the 900s. See Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qǧn¹ /⁠qaɣan⁠/) for more.

#### Noun

خان • (xân) (plural خان‌ها (xân-hâ) or خوانین (xavânin))
* Sir, Mister; a title attached after the name of a man, marking politeness and/or social distance.
    داریوش خان ― dâryuš xân ― Mister Daryoosh
* (historical) khan (nomadic ruler); by extension:
    چنگیز خان ― čengiz xân ― Genghis Khan
** A Safavid provincial governor ranking between بیگلربیگی (beyglarbeygi, “governor-general”) and سلطان (soltân, “deputy governor”).
** In the Mughal and Qajar empires, an extremely common title used for any nobleman and courtier, even if not of nomadic background.
** The Ottoman emperor.

##### Usage notes

* As a suffix of politeness, آقا (âqâ) is more formal and خان (xân) is more informal. Nowadays, خان (xân) is sometimes used to express sarcasm, since آقا (âqâ) is more common in actually formal or polite contexts. Otherwise, it can be felt to be dated.

##### Derived terms

* خانی (xâni)

##### Related terms

* خانیت (xâniyat)

##### Descendants

* → Gujarati: ખાન (khān), ખાં (khā̃)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ख़ान (xān)
    Urdu: خان (xān)

#### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “خان”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
* ↑ Boyle, J. A. (2012) “K̲h̲ān”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume II‎

### Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hʾn' /⁠xān⁠/, “house”). See خانه (xâne) for more.

#### Noun

خان • (xân) (plural خان‌ها (xân-hâ) or خانات (xânât))
* caravanserai
    Synonym: کاروانسرا (kârvânsarâ)
* rifling (system of grooves in a rifled gun barrel or cannon)
* (archaic) Alternative form of خانه (xâne, “house”).

##### Descendants

* → Arabic: خَان (ḵān)
* → Ottoman Turkish: خان (han)
** Turkish: han
** → Albanian: han
** → Aromanian: háne
** → Bulgarian: хан (han)
** → Greek: χάνι (cháni)
** → Hungarian: hán
** → Romanian: han
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ха̑н
    Latin script: hȃn

#### References

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “خان”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “xān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 93

## Punjabi
### Noun

خان • (xān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਖ਼ਾਨ)
* khan

### Proper noun

خان • (xān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਖ਼ਾਨ)
* a surname, Khan

### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “خان”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خان (xān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xɑnʊ]

### Noun

خانُ • (xānu) m
* khan

#### Derived terms

* خانيی
* خانِدانُ
* خانِسامانُ

### Further reading

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “خانُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* “خان”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خان (xān).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /xɑːn/

### Noun

خان • (xān) m (formal plural خانان (xānān) or خَوانِین (xavānīn), Hindi spelling ख़ान)
* khan

#### Derived terms

* خانِیَت (xāniyat)

### Proper noun

خان • (xān) ? (Hindi spelling ख़ान)
* a surname, Khan

## Uyghur
### Noun

خان • (xan) (plural خانلار (xanlar))
* khan