# 案

| 案 | U+6848, &#26696; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6848 |
| ← 桇 [U+6847] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 桉 → [U+6849] |

## Translingual
### Han character

案 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十女木 (JVD), four-corner 3090$_4$, composition ⿱安木)

#### Derived characters

* 𭢀, 𣗈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 525, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14762
* Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1207, character 8
* Unihan data for U+6848

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 安 | *qaːn |
| 鞍 | *qaːn |
| 鞌 | *qaːn |
| 侒 | *qaːn |
| 按 | *qaːns |
| 案 | *qaːns |
| 洝 | *qaːns |
| 荌 | *qaːns |
| 晏 | *qaːns, *qraːns |
| 鴳 | *qraːns |
| 騴 | *qraːns |
| 鷃 | *qraːns |
| 頞 | *qaːd |
| 胺 | *qaːd |
| 咹 | *qaːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qaːns): semantic 木 + phonetic 安 (OC *qaːn).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): àn (an$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): on$^3$ / ngon$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): on
    (Hailu, HRS): on$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): on$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): áng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ang$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): àn / òaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uan$^3$ / ang$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$oe / $^5$aen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: àn
*** Zhuyin: ㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: àn
*** Wade–Giles: an$^4$
*** Yale: àn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ann
*** Palladius: ань (anʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: on$^3$ / ngon$^3$
*** Yale: on / ngon
*** Cantonese Pinyin: on$^3$ / ngon$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: on$^3$ / ngon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːn³³/, /ŋɔːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: on
*** Hakka Romanization System: on
*** Hagfa Pinyim: on$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /on⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: on$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /on¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: on$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ɔn⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: áng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɑŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ang$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: a̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /aŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àn
*** Tâi-lô: àn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: axn
*** IPA (Taipei): /an¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /an⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /an²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: uànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: voax
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uã¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /uã²¹/
* àn - literary;
* òaⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: 'anH
Rime :
| Character | 案 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏旰切 |
| Baxter | 'anH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | àn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | on$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤa[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 案 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | àn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔan$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁa[n]-s/ |
| English | stool; tray |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 案 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16 |
| Phonetic component | 安 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 按 |
| Old Chinese | /*qaːns/ |

### Definitions

案
* long table; counter
* long board that serves as a table or counter
* (law) case (legal matter, proceeding or lawsuit)
* event; incident; occurrence
* record; file
* plan submitted for consideration; proposal
* wooden plate used to serve food in ancient times
    舉案齊眉／举案齐眉 ― jǔ'ànqíméi ― literally, "to raise the tray to eyebrow level (as a sign of respect)"
* (dated) alternative form of 按 (àn, “to check against something; to make comments; to write notes”)
    From: Wang Chong, Lun Heng (Discussive Weighing), 80 CE, translated based on Alfred Forke's version
    Xiàowén Huángdì kěwèi míng yǐ, àn qí “Běnjì”, bùjiàn fèngniǎo yǔ hétú. [Pinyin]
    Emperor Xiaowen deserved the name of a wise ruler, yet in his Annal (lit., "checking against his Annal") we find nothing about a phœnix or the Plan of the River.

#### Synonyms

* (long table): 案子 (ànzi)
* (case):
* 個案 / 个案 (gè'àn) (individual case)
* 案件 (ànjiàn) (legal matter, proceeding or lawsuit)
* 案例 (ànlì)
* 案子 (ànzi)
* (file): 案件 (ànjiàn)

### Compounds

* 一清專案 / 一清专案
* 三曹對案 / 三曹对案
* 三頭對案 / 三头对案
* 不信任案
* 了案
* 五三慘案 / 五三惨案 (Wǔ-Sān Cǎn'àn)
* 五卅慘案 / 五卅惨案 (Wǔ-Sà Cǎn'àn)
* 伏案 (fú'àn)
* 併案 / 并案 (bìng'àn)
* 保案
* 個案 / 个案 (gè'àn)
* 個案分析 / 个案分析
* 個案研究 / 个案研究 (gè'àn yánjiū)
* 做案
* 備案 / 备案 (bèi'àn)
* 六四慘案 / 六四惨案 (Liù-Sì Cǎn'àn)
* 公案 (gōng'àn)
* 六案孔目
* 公案比語 / 公案比语
* 几案 (jī'àn)
* 凶案 (xiōng'àn)
* 凶殺案
* 刑事案
* 刑案
* 到案 (dào'àn)
* 包公案
* 匿案
* 南山鐵案 / 南山铁案
* 原案 (yuán'àn)
* 同案
* 吃案 (chī'àn)
* 命案 (mìng'àn)
* 問案 / 问案 (wèn'àn)
* 團案 / 团案
* 圖案 / 图案 (tú'àn)
* 圖案畫 / 图案画
* 在案 (zài'àn)
* 堂案
* 報案 / 报案 (bào'àn)
* 報案中心 / 报案中心
* 奇案
* 存案
* 孟光舉案 / 孟光举案
* 學案 / 学案
* 宋元學案 / 宋元学案
* 定案 (dìng'àn)
* 審案 / 审案 (shěn'àn)
* 專案 / 专案 (zhuān'àn)
* 專案小組 / 专案小组
* 工作方案
* 帶案 / 带案
* 幾何圖案 / 几何图案
* 底案
* 建議案 / 建议案
* 弊案 (bì'àn)
* 彌天案 / 弥天案
* 彭公案
* 御案
* 復案 / 复案
* 慘案 / 惨案 (cǎn'àn)
* 懸案 / 悬案 (xuán'àn)
* 成案
* 投案 (tóu'àn)
* 拍案 (pāi'àn)
* 拍案叫妙
* 拍案叫絕 / 拍案叫绝 (pāi'ànjiàojué)
* 拍案怒罵 / 拍案怒骂
* 拍案稱奇 / 拍案称奇
* 拍案而起
* 拍案驚奇 / 拍案惊奇 (pāi'ànjīngqí)
* 推案 (tuī'àn)
* 掌案
* 掌案的
* 提案 (tí'àn)
* 搶案 / 抢案 (qiǎng'àn)
* 攲案 (qī'àn)
* 教案 (jiào'àn)
* 文案 (wén'àn)
* 斷案 / 断案 (duàn'àn)
* 方案 (fāng'àn)
* 施公案
* 書案 / 书案 (shū'àn)
* 有案
* 有案可查 (yǒu'ànkěchá)
* 有案可稽 (yǒu'ànkějī)
* 朝陽方案 / 朝阳方案
* 未了公案
* 查案 (chá'àn)
* 案事
* 案件 (ànjiàn)
* 案伯
* 案例 (ànlì)
* 案元
* 案兵
* 案兵不動 / 案兵不动
* 案兵束甲
* 案准
* 案卷 (ànjuàn)
* 案問 / 案问
* 案堵
* 案奉
* 案子 (ànzi)
* 案情 (ànqíng)
* 案據 / 案据 (ànjù)
* 案板 (ànbǎn)
* 案桌
* 案比
* 案牘 / 案牍 (àndú)
* 案牘勞形 / 案牍劳形
* 案牘勞煩 / 案牍劳烦
* 案由 (ànyóu)
* 案目
* 案秤 (ànchèng)
* 案節 / 案节
* 桃色案件
* 案衍 (ànyǎn)
* 案語 / 案语 (ànyǔ)
* 案部
* 案酒
* 案長 / 案长
* 案頭 / 案头 (àntóu)
* 案頭劇 / 案头剧
* 案頭書 / 案头书
* 案首 (ànshǒu)
* 案驗 / 案验 (ànyàn)
* 梁案
* 條案 / 条案 (tiáo'àn)
* 檔案 / 档案 (dàng'àn)
* 檔案夾 / 档案夹
* 檔案室 / 档案室
* 檔案管理 / 档案管理
* 權利法案 / 权利法案 (quánlì fǎ'àn)
* 欽案 / 钦案
* 歸案 / 归案 (guī'àn)
* 水門案 / 水门案
* 沙基慘案 / 沙基惨案 (Shājī Cǎn'àn)
* 沒頭案子 / 没头案子
* 治平專案 / 治平专案
* 法案 (fǎ'àn)
* 涉案 (shè'àn)
* 添案小吃
* 滅門血案 / 灭门血案
* 濟南慘案 / 济南惨案 (Jǐnán Cǎn'àn)
* 無頭公案 / 无头公案 (wútóugōng'àn)
* 無頭案 / 无头案 (wútóu'àn)
* 犯案 (fàn'àn)
* 獄案 / 狱案
* 玉案
* 璞玉專案 / 璞玉专案
* 畫眉舉案 / 画眉举案
* 當案 / 当案
* 疑案 (yí'àn)
* 病案 (bìng'àn)
* 白案 (bái'àn)
* 盜案 / 盗案 (dào'àn)
* 盤案 / 盘案
* 破案 (pò'àn)
* 神案
* 禮案 / 礼案
* 租借法案
* 稿案
* 積案 / 积案 (jī'àn)
* 積案如山 / 积案如山
* 竊案 / 窃案 (qiè'àn)
* 立案 (lì'àn)
* 答案 (dá'àn)
* 答案卷
* 結案 / 结案 (jié'àn)
* 綁案 / 绑案
* 經案 / 经案
* 罪案 (zuì'àn)
* 翻案 (fān'àn)
* 考案畫 / 考案画
* 脈案 / 脉案
* 腹案 (fù'àn)
* 舉案齊眉 / 举案齐眉 (jǔ'ànqíméi)
* 舊案 / 旧案 (jiù'àn)
* 草案 (cǎo'àn)
* 菜案 (cài'àn)
* 螢窗雪案 / 萤窗雪案
* 血案 (xuè'àn)
* 要案
* 訟案 / 讼案 (sòng'àn)
* 說公案 / 说公案
* 議案 / 议案 (yì'àn)
* 議決案 / 议决案
* 貼紙圖案 / 贴纸图案
* 辦案 / 办案 (bàn'àn)
* 銷案 / 销案 (xiāo'àn)
* 鍘美案 / 铡美案
* 鐵案 / 铁案
* 鐵案如山 / 铁案如山
* 長案 / 长案
* 陽光法案 / 阳光法案
* 雪案
* 雪案螢燈 / 雪案萤灯
* 雪案螢窗 / 雪案萤窗
* 零方案
* 香案 (xiāng'àn)
* 騙案 / 骗案 (piàn'àn)
* 鴻案 / 鸿案
* 鴻案相莊 / 鸿案相庄
* 鴻案鹿車 / 鸿案鹿车
* 齊眉舉案 / 齐眉举案
* 龍圖公案 / 龙图公案

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 案(あん) (an)
* → Korean: 안(案) (an)
* → Vietnamese: án (案)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: あん (an, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: あん (an, Jōyō)
* Kun: つくえ (tsukue, 案)、かんがえる (kangaeru, 案える)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 案
* あん Grade: 4
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 案 (MC 'anH).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あん [áꜜǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ã̠ɴ]

#### Noun

案(あん) • (an)
* (literary) desk; table
* idea; suggestion; opinion; thought
* plan; proposal; bill
* legal case
* expectation; anticipation
* rough draft

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 案
* つくえ Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 案 – see the following entry. :
| 【机つくえ】6 | [noun] desk; table Alternative spelling つくゑ |
(This term, 案, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

案 (eumhun 책상 안 (chaeksang an))
* hanja form of 안 (“(literal) desk; table”)
* hanja form of 안 (“idea; suggestion; opinion; thought”)
* hanja form of 안 (“plan; proposal; bill”)

#### Compounds

* 제안 (提案, jean, “suggestion”)

## Tày
### Verb

案 (án)
* Nôm form of án (“to count”).
    每𨮍𫡲咟間代来 分能達𫠯大[⿱那不]案Mọi bôm hả pác cha̱n ta̱i lai Phấn nâng tặt lồng đai ná ánEach tray with five hundred dishes already aplenty One part more placed down, no counting

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

## Vietnamese
### Han character

案: Hán Nôm readings: án
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.