# коса
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [koˈsa]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kosa (“hair”).

#### Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f (relational adjective коса́т, diminutive коси́ца or коси́чка)
* (countable) hair (the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals)
    дъ́лга коса́ ― dǎ́lga kosá ― long hair
    къ́са коса́ ― kǎ́sa kosá ― short hair
* (countable) corn silk
    Synonym: реса́ (resá)
* (by extension) spit (geological formation)
    пя́съчна коса́ ― pjásǎčna kosá ― sandspit

##### Usage notes

* Although technically countable, this word is almost always used uncountably to refer to a person's entire head of hair, e.g. моята коса ― mojata kosa ― my hair.
* In the plural, it takes the form коси́ (kosí), accentuating the individuality of the hairs or their number: Помня косите ѝ. ― Pomnja kosite ì. ― I remember her hairs.

##### Declension

$^1$Rare.

##### Derived terms

* косо- (koso-)
** косопа́д (kosopád, “hair loss”)
* -кос (-kos)
** светлоко́с (svetlokós, “light-haired”)
** тъмноко́с (tǎmnokós, “dark-haired”)
** белоко́с (belokós, “white-haired, with hoary hair”)
** русоко́с (rusokós, “blond-haired”)
** червеноко́с (červenokós, “ginger-haired”)
** черноко́с (černokós, “black-haired”)
* ко́съм (kósǎm, “fiber of hair”)
* коса́к (kosák, “person with pretty hair”) (dialectal)
* коси́ще (kosíšte, “overgrown, rampant hair”) (augmentative)

#### References

* “коса¹ (hair)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “коса³ (spit)”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “коса¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kosa (“scythe”).

#### Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f (diminutive коси́ца)
* (countable) scythe

##### Derived terms

* кося́ (kosjá, “to mow, to reap”)
** коса́ч (kosáč, “reaper”)
* коса́т (kosát, “oryx”) (dialectal)
** коса́тка (kosátka, “killer whale”)

##### Related terms

* кос (kos, “skew”)

#### References

* “коса²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “коса²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Anagrams

* сако (sako)

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɔsa]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔsa

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

#### Noun

коса • (kosa) f (plural коси, diminutive косичка or косиче, augmentative косиште)
* hair (collective) (growth on head)
* scythe

##### Derived terms

* белокос (belokos)
* долгокос (dolgokos)
* жолтокос (žoltokos)
* златокос (zlatokos)
* косест (kosest)
* косичник m (kosičnik)
* косопад m (kosopad)
* косопасец m (kosopasec)
* русокос (rusokos)
* светлокос (svetlokos)
* свилокос (svilokos)
* сивокос (sivokos)
* среброкос (srebrokos)
* темнокос (temnokos)
* црвенокос (crvenokos)
* црнокос (crnokos)
* закосај m (zakosaj)
* искоси pf (iskosi)
* косар m (kosar)
* косач m (kosač)
* косачка f (kosačka)
* косачки (kosački)
* коси impf (kosi)
* косидба f (kosidba)
* косилка f (kosilka)
* косило n (kosilo)
* косиште n (kosište)
* откос m (otkos)
* покоси pf (pokosi)
* прекос m (prekos)
* сенокосач m (senokosač)
* сенокосачка f (senokosačka)
* тревокосачка f (trevokosačka)

#### See also

* косма f (kosma), влакно n (vlakno), влас f (vlas)
* сор m (sor), косор m (kosor), косир m (kosir), срп m (srp)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

коса • (kosa)
* count plural of кос m (kos, “blackbird”)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

коса • (kosa)
* indefinite feminine singular of кос (kos)

### Anagrams

* оска (oska), сако (sako)

## Old East Slavic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kosà.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔˈsɑ/→/kɔˈsa/→/kɔˈsa/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /kɔˈsɑ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /kɔˈsa/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /kɔˈsa/
* Hyphenation: ко‧са

### Noun

коса (kosa) f
* braid
* scythe

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: каса́ (kasá)
* Russian: коса́ (kosá)
** → Kildin Sami: коассь (kåss’)
* Ukrainian: коса́ (kosá)

### References

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “коса”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1294

## Russian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic коса (kosa), from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐˈsa]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f inan (genitive косы́, nominative plural ко́сы, genitive plural кос, diminutive коси́чка)
* braid, plait, tress, pigtail, queue (of hair)
* scythe
* spit, sandbank, bank, bar (a narrow, low-lying landform jutting into a body of water)
    Synonyms: стре́лка (strélka), пе́ресыпь (péresypʹ)
* (mathematics) braid (of strands)

##### Descendants

* → Ingrian: kassa
* Samic:
** → Kildin Sami: коассь (kåss’, “braid, plait”), ко̄сс (kōss, “scythe”)
** → Skolt Sami: kåʹss (“braid, plait”), koss (“scythe”)
** → Ter Sami: коссе (kossʼe, “braid, plait”), кыэййсе (kïejjsʼe, “scythe”)

#### See also

* серп m (serp)

### Etymology 2

From the Xhosa name of the language isiXhosa.

#### Alternative forms

* кхоса (kxosa)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkosə]

#### Noun

ко́са • (kósa) m inan (indeclinable)
* Xhosa
    Synonym: исикоса (isikosa)
    язы́к ко́са ― jazýk kósa ― the Xhosa language

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐˈsa]
* Audio:(file)

#### Adjective

коса́ • (kosá)
* short feminine singular of косо́й (kosój)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kǒsa/
* Hyphenation: ко‧са

#### Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)
* hair (of a person, on the head)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kǒsa/
* Hyphenation: ко‧са

#### Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)
* scythe

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

From ко̑с.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kǒsa/
* Hyphenation: ко‧са

#### Noun

ко̀са f (Latin spelling kòsa)
* slope, declivity
* a mountain spur; a smaller ridge branching off from a mountain range

##### Declension
### References

* “коса”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* “коса”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* “коса”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* Čolović, Gvozden R. (1969) Vojna topografija, Beograd: Vojnogeografski institut

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kosa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɔˈsa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

коса́ • (kosá) f inan (genitive коси́, nominative plural ко́си, genitive plural кіс)
* A standard, three-strand hair braid
* scythe
* (dialectal) spleen, pancreas
* (dialectal) tendon

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “коса”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “коса”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)