# 泛

| 泛 | U+6CDB, &#27867; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CDB |
| ← 泚 [U+6CDA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 泜 → [U+6CDC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

泛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 水+4 in mainland China and Japanese, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 水竹戈人 (EHIO), four-corner 3213$_7$, composition ⿰氵乏)

#### Derived characters

* 𭈠, 𣓦, 𥁷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17298
* Dae Jaweon: page 1011, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1569, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6CDB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泛 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 砭 | *prom, *proms |
| 貶 | *promʔ |
| 窆 | *proms |
| 泛 | *pʰoms, *bob |
| 姂 | *pʰoms, *bob, *kpʰob |
| 䒦 | *pʰom, *pʰoms |
| 柉 | *bom |
| 覂 | *poŋʔ |
| 眨 | *sproːb |
| 鴔 | *brub |
| 乏 | *bob |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰoms, *bob): semantic 氵 + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).

### Etymology 1

Sino-Tibetan. Compare Tibetan འབྱམ ('byam, “to flow over; to diffuse”) (Bodman, 1980).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fàn (fan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fan$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan$^3$ / faan$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fan$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fan$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fam$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): fan$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): huāng
* Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hoàn / hàm / hoān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huam$^3$ / huang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$fe
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$
*** Yale: fàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
*** Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fan$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
*** Sinological IPA : /fan²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^3$ / faan$^6$
*** Yale: faan / faahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^3$ / faan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^3$ / fan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn³³/, /faːn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fan³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fan¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fam
*** Hakka Romanization System: fam
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fam⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fam⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huāng
*** Sinological IPA : /xuaŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
*** Sinological IPA : /huɑŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
*** Tâi-lô: huàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàm
*** Tâi-lô: hàm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haxm
*** IPA (Taipei): /ham¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ham⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ham²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
*** Tâi-lô: huān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
* hoàn - literary;
* hàm - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: phjomH
Rime :
| Character | 泛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 凡 (146) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 孚梵切 |
| Baxter | phjomH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰɨɐm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɐm$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰiɐm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰuam$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɐm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭwɐm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯wɐm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰoms/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 泛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ phjom$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/ |
| English | to float |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2844 |
| Phonetic component | 乏 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 汎 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰoms/ |

#### Definitions

泛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to float on water; to drift
* to spread out; to be suffused with
* to flood; to overflow
* superficial; non-specific
* extensive; general; pan-
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) careless; reckless

##### Synonyms

* (general):
* 共通 (gòngtōng)
* 廣 / 广 (guǎng)
* 廣泛 / 广泛 (guǎngfàn)
* 普通 (pǔtōng)
* 普遍 (pǔbiàn)
* 泛濫 / 泛滥 (fànlàn) (archaic)
* 流行 (liúxíng)
* 遍 (biàn) (literary, or in compounds)

#### Compounds

* 寬泛 / 宽泛 (kuānfàn)
* 平平泛泛
* 廣泛 / 广泛 (guǎngfàn)
* 拍泛
* 挑泛
* 捻泛
* 梗泛
* 泛動 / 泛动
* 泛化 (fànhuà)
* 泛問 / 泛问
* 泛子
* 泛宅
* 泛常
* 泛心論 / 泛心论 (fànxīnlùn)
* 泛指 (fànzhǐ)
* 泛泛 (fànfàn)
* 泛泛之交 (fànfànzhījiāo)
* 泛泛之輩 / 泛泛之辈
* 泛泛而談 / 泛泛而谈 (fànfàn'értán)
* 泛溢 (fànyì)
* 泛潮
* 泛濫 / 泛滥 (fànlàn)
* 泛濫成災 / 泛滥成灾 (fànlànchéngzāi)
* 泛神論 / 泛神论 (fànshénlùn)
* 泛紅 / 泛红
* 泛索
* 泛聲 / 泛声
* 泛脣泛舌 / 泛唇泛舌
* 泛舟 (fànzhōu)
* 泛覽 / 泛览
* 泛論 / 泛论 (fànlùn)
* 泛起
* 泛靈信仰 / 泛灵信仰
* 泛音 (fànyīn)
* 泛頭 / 泛头
* 泛駕之馬 / 泛驾之马
* 活泛
* 浮家泛宅
* 浮泛 (fúfàn)
* 漂泛
* 科泛
* 空泛 (kōngfàn)
* 膚泛 / 肤泛
* 虛泛 / 虚泛
* 說泛 / 说泛
* 調泛 / 调泛
* 飄泛 / 飘泛

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 汎(はん) (han); 汎(ほん) (hon)
* → Korean: 범(泛) (beom)
* → Vietnamese: phiếm (泛)

### Etymology 2

From 覂 (OC *poŋʔ).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fěng (feng$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fung$^2$ / fung$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fěng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǒng
*** Wade–Giles: fêng$^3$
*** Yale: fěng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeng
*** Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɤŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fung$^2$ / fung$^3$
*** Yale: fúng / fung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fung$^2$ / fung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fung$^2$ / fung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊŋ³⁵/, /fʊŋ³³/

#### Definitions

泛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to turn over; to topple over
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be destroyed; to be defeated; to fall

#### Derived terms

* 泛卮
* 泛駕 / 泛驾

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fá (fa$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fá
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fá
*** Wade–Giles: fa$^2$
*** Yale: fá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
*** Palladius: фа (fa)
*** Sinological IPA : /fä³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: bjop
Rime :
| Character | 泛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 乏 (148) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 房法切 |
| Baxter | bjop |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨɐp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biɐp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɐp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buap̚/ |
| Li Rong | /biɐp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwɐp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯wɐp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faat$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*bob/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 2853 |
| Phonetic component | 乏 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 乏 |
| Old Chinese | /*bob/ |

#### Definitions

泛
* (historical dictionaries only) The sound of water.

### References

* “泛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02181

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ふう (fū)、ほん (hon)
* Kan-on: はん (han)、ほう (hō)
* Kun: うかぶ (ukabu, 泛ぶ)、こぼれる (koboreru, 泛る)

#### Usage notes

This character is not a modern Japanese character. It appears mostly in news reports of China or Taiwan issues, such as in reports about the Pan-Blue Alliance written as 泛藍連盟 in Japanese news reports. The character 汎 is the modern Japanese character which parallels this Chinese character in usage.

## Korean
### Hanja

泛 • (beom, bong) (hangeul 범, 봉, revised beom, bong, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, pong, Yale pem, pong)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

泛: Hán Nôm readings: phiếm, phím, mẹp, phám
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.