# oso
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Singapore) IPA: /ˈoːsoː/, [ˈoː˧.soː˦]

### Adverb

oso (not comparable)
* (Singlish) Pronunciation spelling of also, representing Singapore English.
** 2024 December 13, gwbasic, “Is it all the food influencers cannot make it?”, in HardwareZone Forums:Even the newspaper recommendation oso anyhow one.

## Arigidi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ō.sō/

### Noun

oso
* house, home

### References

* B. Oshodi, The HTS (High Tone Syllable) in Arigidi: An Introduction, in the Nordic Journal of African Studies 20(4): 263–275 (2011)
* Boluwaji Oshodi (2011 December) A Reference Grammar of Arigidi, Montem Paperbacks, →ISBN

## Basque
### Etymology

From Proto-Basque *oso, compare Iberian os (“whole, great”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /os̺o/ [o.s̺o]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -os̺o, -o
* Hyphenation: o‧so

### Adjective

oso (comparative osoago, superlative osoen, excessive osoegi)
* complete, entire
* all, the whole
    Synonym: guzti
* just, righteous
* (Northern) healthy
    Synonym: osasuntsu

#### Usage notes

* In the sense "all", the terms oso and guzti are not always interchangeable. The term oso usually only modifies nouns referring to "dividable" referents. For example, both opil osoa and opil guztia (“the whole cake”) are correct and virtually synonymous; however *zuku osoa (literally “the whole juice”) is not and zuku guztia must be used instead.

#### Derived terms

* osasun (“health”)
* oso beste (“totally different”)
* oso bestelako (“totally different”)
* oso eta bizi (“with all one's heart”)
* oso ongi
* oso-bete (“complete”)
* oso-osoa (“completely”)
* oso-osoan (“completely”)
* oso-osoko (“complete”)
* oso-osorik (“completely”)
* osoan (“completely”)
* osogune (“entirety”)
* osoki (“completely”)
* osoko
* osorik (“completely”)
* osoro (“completely”)
* osotara (“completely”)
* osotasun (“entirety”)
* osotoro (“completely”)
* osotu (“to complete”)
* osoz (“completely”)
* osozale (“integrist”)
* osozko (“complete”)
* zenbaki oso (“integer”)

### Adverb

oso (not comparable)
* very, much
    oso ona ― very good
* completely

#### Usage notes

* When used as an adverb meaning "very", it precedes the adjective or adverb it modifies. Optionally, it can also precede the noun modified by the adjective. For example, both mendi oso handia and oso mendi handia (“the very big mountain”) can be used.

### Further reading

* “oso”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “oso”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Bikol Central
### Noun

oso
* bear

## Cebuano
### Noun

oso
* bear

## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish oso (“bear”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoso/, [ˈo.so]
* Hyphenation: o‧so

### Noun

oso
* bear

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoso]

### Noun

oso
* vocative singular of osa

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese usso, from Vulgar Latin *ussus, from Latin ursus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoso/ [ˈo.s̺ʊ]
* Rhymes: -oso
* Hyphenation: o‧so

### Noun

oso m (plural osos)
* bear (animal)

#### Derived terms

* Osedo
* oseira
* Oseira

### References

* “oso”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “usso”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “oso”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “usso”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “oso”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “oso”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Gun
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Gbe *-tʰó. Cognate with Fon só, Ewe eto, Adja eto.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ō.só/

#### Noun

osó (plural osó lɛ́ or osó lẹ́)
* mountain

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Gbe *-so (“traditional type of gun”). Cognate with Fon sò.

#### Alternative forms

* sò

#### Noun

osò (plural osò lɛ́ or osò lẹ́)
* gun (the weapon)

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.zo/
* Rhymes: -ɔzo
* Hyphenation: ò‧so

### Etymology 1

From Latin ausus, perfect participle of audeō (“to dare, venture, risk”). Doublet of auso.

#### Adjective

oso (feminine osa, masculine plural osi, feminine plural ose)
* (archaic or literary) bold, daring
    Synonyms: ardito, audace
    essere oso (archaic) ― to dare (literally, “to be bold/daring”)
** 1316–c. 1321, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XIV”, in Paradiso [Heaven]‎, lines 130–132; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:Forse la mia parola par troppo osa, posponendo il piacer de li occhi belli, ne’ quai mirando mio disio ha posaPerhaps my word appears somewhat too bold, postponing the delight of those fair eyes, into which gazing my desire has rest
** c. 1307, Dante Alighieri, “Trattato quarto, Capitolo VI [Fourth Treatise, Chapter 6]”, in Convivio [The Banquet]‎, Florence: Le Monnier, published 1964, section 10:E diffiniro così questo onesto: ’quello che, sanza utilitade e sanza frutto, per sè di ragione è da laudare’. E costoro e la loro setta chiamati furono Stoici, e fu di loro quello glorioso Catone di cui non fui di sopra oso di parlare.And they defined this integrity as “that which apart from utility or profit is for its own sake praiseworthy according to reason.” They and their sect were called Stoics, and to them belonged that glorious Cato of whom I did not dare to speak above.
** 1374, Francesco Petrarca, “Trionfo della fama, Capitolo III [Triumph of Fame, Chapter 3]”, in I trionfi [Triumphs], collected in Le rime di M. Francesco Petrarca, Venice: Giuseppe Bortoli, published 1739, page 314:Vidi Archimede star col viso basso E Democrito andar tutto pensoso Per suo voler di lume e d’oro casso; Vidi Ippia, il vecchiarel che già fu oso Dir: - Io so tutto, - e poi di nulla certoI saw Archimedes looking down, and Democritus going immersed in thought, by his own will without light or gold; I saw Hippias, the old man that dared to say: "I know everything", and yet sure of nothing

##### Related terms

* audace
* auso
* osabile
* osare

#### Further reading

* oso$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* oso in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2007

### Etymology 2

Nominalization of -oso (“chemistry suffix”).

#### Noun

oso m (plural osi)
* (biochemistry) Synonym of osio (“monose”)

#### Further reading

* oso$^2$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

oso
* first-person singular present indicative of osare

### References

* ↑ oso in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
* ↑ osare in Bruno Migliorini et al., Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2007

## Japanese
### Romanization

oso
* Rōmaji transcription of おそ

## Latin
### Participle

ōsō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of ōsus

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

oso
* (obsolete) past plural of asa

## Nzadi
### Noun

osó (plural esó)
* face

### Further reading

* Crane, Thera, Larry Hyman, Simon Nsielanga Tukumu (2011) A grammar of Nzadi [B.865]: a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, →ISBN

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.sɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔsɔ
* Syllabification: o‧so

### Noun

oso f
* vocative singular of osa

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

oso (Cyrillic spelling осо)
* vocative singular of osa

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoso/ [ˈo.so]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -oso
* Syllabification: o‧so

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish osso, from Vulgar Latin *ussus, from Latin ursus. Compare Asturian osu, Aragonese onso, Catalan ós, Galician oso, Portuguese urso.

#### Noun

oso m (plural osos, feminine osa, feminine plural osas)
* bear (in general)
* boar, male bear
* (slang) bear (large hairy man, especially homosexual)
    Tengo un amigo delgado al que le gustan solo los osos barrigudos y velludos.I have a skinny friend who only likes paunchy and hairy bears.

##### Alternative forms

* osso (obsolete)
* joso (New Mexico)

##### Derived terms

* ajo de oso
* hacer el oso
* hacerse el oso
* no vendas la piel del oso antes de cazarlo
* oreja de oso
* osezno
* osito
* oso andino
* oso bezudo
* oso blanco
* oso caballo
* oso cavernario
* oso de agua
* oso de anteojos
* oso del Himalaya
* oso hormiguero
* oso Kodiak
* oso lavador
* oso malayo
* oso marino ártico
* oso melero
* oso negro
* oso panda
* oso pardo
* oso polar
* oso tibetano
* oso viscoso
* osuno
* raíz de oso

##### Descendants

* → Yaqui: hooso

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

oso
* first-person singular present indicative of osar

### Further reading

* “oso”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Sranan Tongo
### Etymology

From earlier hoso, from English house.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈo.so/

### Noun

oso
* house

#### Derived terms

* lontu-oso
* skowtu-oso

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: osso

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish oso, from Old Spanish osso, from Latin ursus, from Proto-Italic *orssos.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈʔoso/ [ˈʔoː.so]
* Rhymes: -oso
* Syllabification: o‧so

### Noun

oso (feminine osa, Baybayin spelling ᜂᜐᜓ)
* bear (mammal)

#### Related terms

* osa
* Osa Mayor
* Osa Menor

### Further reading

* “oso”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “oso”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Venetan
### Etymology

From Latin ossum, popular variant of os. Compare Italian osso.

### Noun

oso m (plural osi)
* bone

## West Damar
### Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *apuy, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hapuy, from Proto-Austronesian *Sapuy.

### Noun

oso
* fire

## West Makian
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Ternate wosa (“to enter”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈo.s̪o/

#### Verb

oso
* (transitive) to enter

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈo.s̪o/

#### Noun

oso
* cassava
    Synonym: oso fete

### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics