# gyre
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /d͡ʒaɪ.ə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) enPR: jīər IPA: /d͡ʒaɪ.ɚ/
* Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)
* Hyphenation: gy‧re

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle; ring”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend; to curve”). The English word is a doublet of gyro and gyrus.

#### Noun

gyre (plural gyres)
* (chiefly literary, poetic)
** A swirling vortex.
** A circular or spiral motion; also, a circle described by a moving body; a revolution, a turn.
    Synonyms: circuit, whirl
*** 1700, [John] Dryden, “Meleager and Atalanta, out of the Eighth Book of Ovid’s Metamorphosis”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 112:Quick, and more quick he ſpins in giddy Gires, / Then falls, and in much Foam his Soul expires.
*** 1856, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, “Fourth Book”, in Aurora Leigh, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1857, →OCLC, pages 176–177:What is art, / But life upon the larger scale, the higher, / When, graduating up in a spiral line / Of still expanding and ascending gyres, / It pushes toward the intense significance / Of all things, hungry for the Infinite? / Art's life,—and where we live, we suffer and toil.
*** 1920, William Butler Yeats, “The Second Coming”, in Michael Robartes and the Dancer, Churchtown, Dundrum [Dublin]: The Cuala Press, →OCLC, page 19:Turning and turning in the widening gyre / The falcon cannot hear the falconer; / Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; / Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, […]
* (anatomy, zootomy, archaic) Synonym of gyrus (“a fold or ridge on the cerebral cortex of the brain”)
* (oceanography) An ocean current caused by wind which moves in a circular manner, especially one that is large-scale and observed in a major ocean.
    Most ships that tried to cross the Pacific in the past would get stuck in the gyres and never make it out.

##### Derived terms

* gyral
* gyrally
* gyreful (obsolete, rare)

##### Related terms

* gyrant (rare)
* gyrate
* gyration
* gyrator
* gyratory
* gyrectomy
* gyrencephalate
* gyro
* gyrus

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Late Middle English giren (“to turn (something) away; to cause (something) to revolve or rotate; to travel in a circle”), from Old French girer (“to turn”), and directly from its etymon Latin gȳrāre, the present active infinitive of gȳrō (“to turn in a circle, rotate; to circle or revolve around”), from gȳrus (“circle; circular motion”) (see etymology 1) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).

#### Verb

gyre (third-person singular simple present gyres, present participle gyring, simple past and past participle gyred) (literary, poetic)
* (intransitive) To spin around; to gyrate, to whirl.
    Synonyms: revolve, rotate
** 1605, Michael Drayton, “[Songs from the ‘Shepherd’s Garland’.] From Eclogue ij.”, in Cyril Brett, editor, Minor Poems of Michael Drayton, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, published 1907, →OCLC, pages 240–241, lines 4–8:The host of heauenly beautyes moue, / Depainted in their proper stories, / As well the fixd as wandring glories, / Which from their proper orbes not goe, / Whether they gyre swift or slowe: […]
** 1871 December 27 (indicated as 1872), Lewis Carroll [pseudonym; Charles Lutwidge Dodgson], “Looking-Glass House”, in Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 21:Jabberwocky. / 'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves / Did gyre and gimble in the wa[b]e; / All mimsy were the borogoves, / And the mome raths outgrabe.
* (transitive, rare) To make (something) spin or whirl around; to spin, to whirl.

##### Derived terms

* gyring (adjective, noun)
* gyringly

##### Translations
### References

* ↑ “gyre, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “gyre, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* ↑ “ǧīren, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* ↑ “gyre, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2020; “gyre, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* ocean gyre on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### See also

* gyre-carlin (etymologically unrelated)

### Anagrams

* -ergy, Grey, grey

## Latin
### Noun

gȳre
* vocative singular of gȳrus