# تعلیم
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm).

### Noun

تعلیم • (talim) (definite accusative تعلیمی (talimi), plural تعلیمات)
* instruction
* exercise
* practice

#### Descendants

* Turkish: talim
* Crimean Tatar: talim

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [taʔ.liːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäʔ.liːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäʔ.liːm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑː.liːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔː.lim]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæʔ.liːm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäʔ.lim]

### Noun

تعلیم • (ta'lim) (plural تعلیم‌ها (ta'lim-hâ) or تعالیم (ta'âlim))
* instruction, education
** c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 127”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]‎:به همه کاری تعلیم ازو خواهد میر ار چه او را ز کسی خواست نباید تعلیمba hama karē ta'līm az ō xwāhad mīr ar či ō rā zi kasē xwāst na-bāyad ta'līmThe prince asks him for instruction in every affair, Although he does not need instruction from anybody.(Classical Persian transliteration)
* teaching, doctrine

#### Descendants

* Tajik: таълим (taʾlim)
* → Bengali: তালিম (talim)
* → Gujarati: તાલીમ (tālīm)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: तालीम (tālīm)
    Urdu: تَعْلِیم (ta'līm)
* → Kannada: ತಾಲೀಮು (tālīmu)
* → Marathi: तालीम (tālīm)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਾਲੀਮ (tālīm)
    Shahmukhi script: تَعلِیم (taʻlīm)
* → Turkmen: tälim
* → Uyghur: تەلىم (telim)
* → Uzbek: ta'lim

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَعْلِیم (ta'līm), borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm), from عَلَّمَ (ʕallama).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t̪əʔ.liːm/, [t̪ɑː.liːm]
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːm

### Noun

تَعْلِیم • (ta'līm) f (formal plural تعلیمات, Hindi spelling तालीम)
* education
    Synonym: پَڑھَائِی (paṛhāī)
** 1982, اسد اریب [Asad Arīb], بچوں کا ادب : تاریخ و تنقید [Baccon̲ kā adab : tārīk̲h̲ o tanqīd, Children's Literature: History and Criticism], Multan: کاروان ادب [kārvān-e adab], →OCLC, page 42:اس باب میں انیسویں صدی کی ان کتابوں کا ذکر کیا جائے گا جو ابتدائی تعلیم کے لئے ایرانی طرز سے ہٹ کر لکھی گئیںis bāb meṉ unnīsvīṉ ṣadī kī un kitāboṉ kā ẕikr kiyā jā'e gā jo ibtidā'ī taʻlīm ke li'ye īrānī t̤arz se haṭ kar likhī ga'īṉIn this chapter, the books of the 19th century that were written contrasting to the Iranian style for primary education will be mentioned
** 2021 September 13, طاہرہ سید [Tahira Syed], DW اردو‎:ہمارے بچوں کی تعلیم بمقابلہ ولایتی بچوں کی تعلیمhamāre baccoṉ kī taʻlīm bamuqābila valāyitī baccoṉ kī taʻlīmOur children's education compared to the children education [given] abroad
* teaching, instruction
** 1870, مکتوبات سر سید [maktūbāt sar sayyad], page 124:میں آپ کو یقین دلاتا ہوں کہ یہ میری تعلیم اس کو نہیں ہے۔maiṉ āp ko yaqīn dilātā hūṉ kih yih merī taʻlīm is ko nahīṉ hai.Believe me, this is not my teaching [that I have given] to him.
* taming, grooming (of a horse)
* (art, wrestling) training, practice
** 1944, مقالات ماجد [maqālāt-e mājid], page 111:استاد جی ... ارباب نشاط کے تعلیم دینے والے کو کہتے ہیں، خود لفظ تعلیم بھی لکھنؤ کی زبان میں اس خاص معنے میں مستعمل ہے۔ustād jī ... arbāb-e naśāt̤ ke taʻlīm dene vāle ko kahte haiṉ, xod lafz̤ taʻlīm bhī lakhna'ū kī zabān meṉ is xāṣ maʻne meṉ mustaʻmal hai.'Ustaad ji' ... is one who gives training in arts [relating to singing and dancing], the word "taʻlīm" itself is used in this way in the Lucknow vernacular.
* teaching, knowledge, guidance (attained by or given to a disciple, student)
** 1855, پادری فانڈر صاحب [C.G. Pfander], اختتام دینی مباحثہ [Ikhtitámi Múbáhisah], Agra: Secundra Orphan Press. (lithograph.), →OCLC, page 33:اور مسیح نے حواری کو اپنی زبان مبارک سے تعلیم دی ہؠaur masīḥ ne ḥavārī ko apnī zubān-e mabārik se taʻlīm dī haiAnd Christ has given the apostles guidance in his blessed language

#### Derived terms

* بے تَعْلِیم (be ta'līm, “uneducated”)
* تَعْلِیم خانَہ (ta'līm xāna, “arts centre, training center”)
* تَعْلِیم دینَا (ta'līm denā, “to educate”)
* تَعْلِیم یافَتَہ (ta'līm yāfata, “educated; qualified; accomplished”)
* تَعْلِیمِ اَعْلیٰ (ta'līm-i a'lā, “higher education”)
* تَعْلِیمِ اِبْتِدائی (ta'līm-i ibtidāī, “primary education”)
* تَعْلِیمی (ta'līmī, “educational”)

### References

* ↑ نور اللغات – nūr-ul-luġāt

### Further reading

* “تعلیم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “تعلیم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “تعلیم”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]