# 脆

| 脆 | U+8106, &#33030; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8106 |
| ← 脅 [U+8105] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 脇 → [U+8107] |

## Translingual
### Han character

脆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月弓一山 (BNMU), four-corner 7721$_2$, composition ⿰⺼危)

#### Derived characters

* 𦟒

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 982, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29468
* Dae Jaweon: page 1434, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2069, character 4
* Unihan data for U+8106

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蕝 | *ʔsods, *ʔsod |
| 脃 | *sʰods |
| 脆 | *sʰods |
| 絕 | *zod |
Originally 脃. Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰods): semantic ⺼ (“meat”) + abbreviated phonetic 絕 (OC *zod).

#### “Threads”

    Phono-semantic matching from English.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cuì (cui$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceoi$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhe / chhoi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): coi$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chuói
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhùi / chhèr / chhè
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshoe; $^5$tshe; $^5$tshue
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cuì
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cuèi
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻui$^4$
*** Yale: tswèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
*** Palladius: цуй (cuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceoi$^3$
*** Yale: cheui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵy̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhe / chhoi
*** Hakka Romanization System: ce / coi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ce$^4$ / coi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰe⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰoi̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: coi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoɪ⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chuói
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰui²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi
*** Tâi-lô: tshuì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhèr
*** Tâi-lô: tshèr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰə⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhè
*** Tâi-lô: tshè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhex
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰe²¹/
*** IPA (Philippines): /t͡sʰe⁴¹/
* chhùi - literary;
* chhèr/chhè - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit脆 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sʰuei⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sʰuei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰue⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰuei³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sʰuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sʰuɨ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡sʰuei⁵³/ 易折損 /t͡sʰuei¹³/ 清～ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sʰuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sʰuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰei³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sʰuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sʰuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sʰuei²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sʰuəi⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sʰe⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuei⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰuei³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰuei⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰe³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sʰe̞⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sʰz̩ʷei⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sʰai³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰye³²⁴/ /t͡ɕʰy³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰe⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰei⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡sʰəi⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰui²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰoi⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰøy³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰui³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sʰøy³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰui²¹/ /t͡sʰe²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰuɔi²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰo³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰui⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /sui³⁵/ /se³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: tshjwejH
Rime :
| Character | 脆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (36) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 此芮切 |
| Baxter | tshjwejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiuᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰʷiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰiuæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰwiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiuɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭwɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯wɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cuì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ceoi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]o[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰods/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 脆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | cuì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshjwej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tsʰ]o[t]-s/ |
| English | brittle |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 脆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7250 |
| Phonetic component | 絕 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 毳 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰods/ |
| Notes | 俗脃字見老子今本（範本作脃） |

### Definitions

脆
* brittle; fragile
* (of food) crisp; crispy
    脆皮燒肉／脆皮烧肉 ― cuì pí shāoròu ― siu yuk with crispy skin
* (of voices) clear; crisp
    清脆 ― qīngcuì ― clear and crisp
* (of speech or action) neat; quick; concise
* (Taiwan, neologism, slang) Threads (a social media platform under Meta Platforms)

#### Synonyms

* (crisp):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 脆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 脆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 脆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 脆, 酥 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 脆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 脆, 酥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 脆, 酥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 脆, 酥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 脆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 酥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爽 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 脆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 脆, 酥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 酥 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 脆 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 酥 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 鬆, 酥 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 酥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 酥, 脆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 酥 GT |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 脆, 酥 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 酥, 脆 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 酥 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 脆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 脆 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 脆 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 脆 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |
* (clear):
* 亮 (liàng)
* 亮堂 (liàngtáng)
* 嘹亮 (liáoliàng)
* 宏亮 (hóngliàng)
* 昂揚 / 昂扬 (ángyáng)
* 朗朗 (lǎnglǎng)
* 洪亮 (hóngliàng)
* 清亮
* 琅琅 (lángláng)
* 豁亮 (huòliàng)
* 響 / 响 (xiǎng)
* 響亮 / 响亮 (xiǎngliàng)
* 高亢 (gāokàng)
* 高昂 (gāo'áng)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “fragile”): 韌／韧 (rèn)

### Compounds

* 乾脆 / 干脆 (gāncuì)
* 乾脆爽快 / 干脆爽快
* 浮脆
* 清脆 (qīngcuì)
* 爽脆 (shuǎngcuì)
* 甘脆 (gāncuì)
* 脆促
* 脆弱 (cuìruò)
* 脆快
* 脆快了當 / 脆快了当
* 脆怯
* 脆性 (cuìxìng)
* 脆生
* 脆薄
* 脆餅 / 脆饼
* 脆骨 (cuìgǔ)
* 薄脆
* 輕脆 / 轻脆
* 迸脆
* 香脆
* 鬆脆 / 松脆 (sōngcuì)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* brittle
* fragile
* easy to beat
* sentimental
* susceptible

#### Readings

* Go-on: さい (sai)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kan’yō-on: ぜい (zei)
* Kun: もろい (moroi, 脆い)、よわい (yowai, 脆い)

#### Compounds

* 脆(ぜい)化(か) (zeika)
* 脆(ぜい)弱(じゃく) (zeijaku)
* 脆(ぜい)性(せい) (zeisei)
* 軟(なん)脆(ぜい) (nanzei)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脆 (MC tshjwejH).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʰɥi] ~ [t͡ɕʰy]
* Phonetic hangul: [취]

### Hanja

Wikisource 脆 (eumhun 연(軟)할 취 (yeonhal chwi))
* crisp
* fragile, frail
* brittle

#### Compounds

* 경취 (勁脆, gyeongchwi)
* 눈취 (嫩脆, nunchwi)
* 연취 (軟脆, yeonchwi)
* 유취 (柔脆, yuchwi)
* 취겁 (脆怯, chwigeop)
* 취리 (脆梨, chwiri)
* 취매 (脆梅, chwimae)
* 취성 (脆性, chwiseong)
* 취약 (脆弱, chwiyak)
* 취연 (脆軟, chwiyeon)
* 취은광 (脆銀鑛, chwieun'gwang)
* 취은석 (脆銀石, chwieunseok)
* 취자채 (脆紫菜, chwijachae)
* 취장 (脆臟, chwijang)

### References

* Naver Hanja Dictionary: 脆

## Vietnamese
### Han character

脆: Hán Nôm readings: thúy/thuý
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.