# 戻る
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 戻
* もど Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 戾る (kyūjitai)
Cognate with 悖る (motoru, “to go against”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もどる [mòdóꜜrù] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [mo̞do̞ɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「戻る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 戻る | もどる | [mòdóꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 戻れ | もどれ | [mòdóꜜrè] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 戻られる | もどられる | [mòdóráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 戻らせる | もどらせる | [mòdóráséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 戻れる | もどれる | [mòdóréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 戻ろう | もどろー | [mòdóróꜜò] |
| Negative | 戻らない | もどらない | [mòdóráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 戻らなかった | もどらなかった | [mòdóráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 戻ります | もどります | [mòdórímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 戻った | もどった | [mòdóꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 戻って | もどって | [mòdóꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 戻れば | もどれば | [mòdóꜜrèbà] |

#### Verb

戻(もど)る • (modoru) intransitive godan (stem 戻(もど)り (modori), past 戻(もど)った (modotta))
Japanese verb pair :
| active | 戻す |
| mediopassive | 戻る |
* to return
    戻(もど)ってハンドバッグを取(と)ってくる ― modotte handobaggu o tottekuru ― I'll return to get my handbag.
* to go back
    日(に)本(ほん)に戻(もど)る ― Nihon ni modoru ― to go back to Japan
* to come back
    理(り)性(せい)が戻(もど)っていた ― risei ga modotteita ― His reason came back.
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 戻ら | もどら | modora |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 戻り | もどり | modori |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 戻る | もどる | modoru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 戻る | もどる | modoru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 戻れ | もどれ | modore |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 戻れ | もどれ | modore |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 戻られる | もどられる | modorareru |
| Causative | 戻らせる 戻らす | もどらせる もどらす | modoraseru modorasu |
| Potential | 戻れる | もどれる | modoreru |
| Volitional | 戻ろう | もどろう | modorō |
| Negative | 戻らない | もどらない | modoranai |
| Negative continuative | 戻らず | もどらず | modorazu |
| Formal | 戻ります | もどります | modorimasu |
| Perfective | 戻った | もどった | modotta |
| Conjunctive | 戻って | もどって | modotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 戻れば | もどれば | modoreba |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 戻ら | もどら | modora |
| Continuative (連用形) | 戻り | もどり | modori |
| Terminal (終止形) | 戻る | もどる | modoru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 戻る | もどる | modoru |
| Realis (已然形) | 戻れ | もどれ | modore |
| Imperative (命令形) | 戻れ | もどれ | modore |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 戻らず | もどらず | modorazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 戻れど | もどれど | modoredo |
| Causal conjunction | 戻れば | もどれば | modoreba |
| Conditional conjunction | 戻らば | もどらば | modoraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 戻りき | もどりき | modoriki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 戻りけり | もどりけり | modorikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 戻りつ | もどりつ | modoritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 戻りぬ | もどりぬ | modorinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 戻れり 戻りたり | もどれり もどりたり | modoreri modoritari |
| Volitional | 戻らむ | もどらむ | modoramu |

##### Derived terms

* 立(た)ち戻(もど)る (tachimodoru)
* 馳(は)せ戻(もど)る (hasemodoru)
* 舞(ま)い戻(もど)る (maimodoru)
* 縒(よ)りが戻(もど)る (yori ga modoru)

##### Idioms

* 気(き)が戻(もど)る (ki ga modoru)
* 振(ふ)り出(だ)しに戻(もど)る (furidashi ni modoru)

##### See also

* 返(かえ)る (kaeru)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 戻
* もと Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 戾る (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 戻る – see the following entry. :
| 【悖もとる】 | [verb] (intransitive) to go against [verb] (intransitive) to be bent, be distorted, be twisted [verb] (transitive, obsolete) to bend, distort, twist |
(This term, 戻る, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō