# uma
## Afar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uˈma/ [ʔʊˈmʌ]
* Hyphenation: u‧ma

### Verb

umá
* (stative) to be bad

#### Antonyms

* meqé (“be good”)

### References

* E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “uma”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
* Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

## Aklanon
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Noun

umá
* farm

## Aymara
### Noun

uma
* water

### Verb

uma
* to drink
    umtwa ― I drink

### References

* David Forbes, On the Aymara Indians of Bolivia and Peru (1870)
* Dennis William Stuart Selder, Toward a Sound Methodology for Comparative Rhetoric (2007)

## Balinese
### Romanization

uma
* Romanization of ᬳᬸᬫ (“sawah”)
* Romanization of ᬉᬫ (“the eight day in astawara”)

## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔuˈma/ [ʔuˈma]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: u‧ma

### Noun

umá (Basahan spelling ᜂᜋ)
* farm; field
    Maduman ka sa uma sa aga?Are you going to the farm tomorrow?

#### Derived terms

* kaumahan
* mag-uma
* pag-uma
* parauma
* umahon

#### See also

* badang
* lantad

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʔuma/ [ˈʔu.mɐ]
* Hyphenation: u‧ma

### Noun

uma (Badlit spelling ᜂᜋ)
* farm; a piece of land where crops or animals are raised
    Synonyms: baol, banika

#### Derived terms

* kaumahan
* kaumhan
* mag-uuma
* panguma
* umahan
* umahon
* umhan

## Drehu
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ʀumaq.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /umɑ/

### Noun

uma
* house

### References

* Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
* Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

## Fijian
### Noun

uma
* trunk (of a tree)
* lead (metal)

## Garifuna
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈuma/

### Postposition

uma
* with
    Nabinaha tuma María. ― I'm going to dance with Mary.

### Conjunction

uma
* and
    Baruru tuma faluma ― Platains and coconuts

#### Inflection
## Hiri Motu
### Noun

uma
* garden

## Indonesian
### Noun

uma (plural uma-uma)
* (colloquial) Alternative form of huma

## Iraqw
### Noun

uma m (plural um'ee)
* name

## Japanese
### Romanization

uma
* Rōmaji transcription of うま
* Rōmaji transcription of ウマ

## Kapampangan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʊˈma/ [ʊˈmäː]
* Hyphenation: u‧ma

### Noun

umá
* kiss on the mouth
    Synonyms: besu, ayik, uman

## Karaim
### Etymology

From Mongolic (Mongolian овог (ovog, “clan”), Yakut омук (omuk)); compare Southern Altai омок (omok, “people, nation”), Chagatai [script needed] (omak, “family”).

### Noun

uma
* people

### References

Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 361

## Kikuyu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uma/

### Verb

uma (infinitive kuuma)
* to go out, come out
    Antonym: gũtonya

#### Derived terms

(Proverbs)
* mũrimũ ndũrĩ hinya ũgĩtonya mwĩrĩ ta ũkiuma
* ngemi ciumaga na mũciĩ
* ngemi ciumaga ndĩrĩ-inĩ
* nyũmba na riika itiumagwo
* wega uumaga na mũciĩ

#### Related terms

(Verbs)
* kuumagara

### References

* Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 363. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

## Malay
### Noun

uma
* (Sanggau) mother

## Maori
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ʀuma (compare with Tongan uma, Samoan uma and Fijian uma) from *ʀumaq “house” ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq (compare with Javanese omah, Malay rumah both “house”) – semantic evolution of Proto-Oceanic root from comparison of the human chest held by ribcage with the house and its frame during the Lapita period.

### Noun

uma
* chest

### References

* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “uma.a”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
* ↑ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (2016) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volumes 5: People, body and mind, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, page 547

### Further reading

* Williams, Herbert William (1917) “uma”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 547
* “uma” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

## Masbatenyo
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Noun

umá
* farm

#### Derived terms

* parauma

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* hua, hũa, huma, ũa (obsolete)
* 1 (numeral)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũa, from Latin ūna, feminine of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos (“one”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ũ.ɐ/, /ũ.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ũ.ɐ/
* Hyphenation: u‧ma

### Numeral

uma
* feminine of um
    Eu peguei uma laranja, enquanto ele pegou cinco.I took one orange, while he took five.
** 2000, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e a Câmara Secreta [Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets] (Harry Potter; 2), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 217:Quando tiver uma dúvida, vá à biblioteca.When you are in doubt, go to the library.
** 2001, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Cálice de Fogo [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire] (Harry Potter; 4), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 555:Harry passou por uma provação terrível esta noite.Harry underwent a terrible ordeal tonight.
** 2007, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e as Relíquias da Morte [Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows] (Harry Potter; 7), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 274:A varinha soltou uma faisquinha e se apagou.The wand let out a little spark and extinguished itself.

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

### Article

uma
* feminine singular of um
    Uma mulher não pode ser tratada dessa forma.A woman can’t be treated this way.
** 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 135:Ele agora tem uma casa nas montanhas, foi Dumbledore que arranjou, uma bela caverna.He now has a home in the mountains, Dumbledore is who provided it, a beautiful cave.

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:um.

#### Derived terms

* dar uma de
* umas e outras

### Pronoun

uma
* feminine of um

### See also
## Quechua
### Adjective

uma
* elevated

### Noun

uma
* head, top
* capital, principal
* leader, guide
* rounded hill

#### Declension
## Sranan Tongo
### Alternative forms

* oema (superseded)

### Etymology

From English woman. Compare Antigua and Barbuda Creole English uman, Aukan uman and Krio uman.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈu.ma/

### Noun

uma
* woman

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Kikuyu uma.

#### Noun

uma class XI (plural nyuma class X)
* fork

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ́ma.

#### Verb

-uma (infinitive kuuma)
* to bite (to cut off a piece by clamping the teeth)
* to ache or hurt

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of -uma :
| Positive present | -nauma |
| Subjunctive | -ume |
| Negative | -umi |
| Imperative singular | uma |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kuuma |
| Negative | kutouma |
Imperatives :
| Singular | uma |
| Plural | umeni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | huuma |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -liuma |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kuuma |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tauma |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tauma |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -siume |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngeuma |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singeuma |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngaliuma |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singaliuma |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -meuma |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshauma |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jauma |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kiuma |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipouma |
| Consecutive | kauma / positive subject concord + -kauma |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaume |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

##### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Applicative: -umia
** Causative: -umiza
** Passive: -umwa (“to be in pain, to ache”)
** Reciprocal: -umana
** Stative: -umika

## Swazi
### Conjunction

úma
* when
* if

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈʔuma/ [ˈʔuː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: u‧ma

#### Noun

uma (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)
* encasement end-to-end
    Synonym: pagkakauma

##### Derived terms

* pagkakauma

##### See also

* hugpong
* sugpong

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈʔumaʔ/ [ˈʔuː.mɐʔ]
* Rhymes: -umaʔ
* Syllabification: u‧ma

#### Noun

umà (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)
* kiss on the mouth
    Synonyms: beso, halik, umaum

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔuˈma/ [ʔʊˈma]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: u‧ma

#### Noun

umá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ)
* surfeit of sleep or monotony
    Synonyms: pagkauma, sawa, suya

##### Derived terms

* pagkauma

##### See also

* alibadbad
* ibay
* lango
* lasing
* sunok
* tusing
* umay

## Tarifit
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

uma m (Tifinagh spelling ⵓⵎⴰ, plural aytma, feminine utcma)
* brother
* compatriot
* bro, a male comrade or friend
* the same, lookalike

#### Related terms

* utcma (“sister”)
* awmaten (“brothers”)
* tawmat (“brotherhood”)

## Tausug
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Pronunciation

* (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA: /ʔuma/ [ʔʊˈma]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: u‧ma

### Noun

uma (Sulat Sūg spelling اُمَ)
* farm; field

#### Derived terms

* mag'uma ("to make a farm; cultivate")
* mag'uuma ("farmer")

## Tetum
### Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq. Compare Nias omo and Malay rumah.

### Noun

uma
* house (abode)

#### Derived terms

* asu-uma
* bani-uma
* uma-fukun
* uma-moras

### Further reading

* “uma”, in Dicionário infopédia: Tetum-English, Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

## Waray-Waray
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma.

### Noun

umá
* farm

## Western Bukidnon Manobo
### Etymology

Akin to Maranao oma.

### Verb

uma
* to arrive

## Yakan
### Verb

uma
* to bark (of dogs)

## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /úːma/

### Conjunction

úma
* if
* when

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “uma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “uma (3.9)”