# 虻

| 虻 | U+867B, &#34427; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-867B |
| ← 虺 [U+867A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 虼 → [U+867C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

虻 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 中戈卜女 (LIYV), four-corner 5011$_0$, composition ⿰虫亡)
* horsefly, gadfly

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1077, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32835
* Dae Jaweon: page 1546, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2835, character 12
* Unihan data for U+867B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 忙 | *maːŋ |
| 芒 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 茫 | *maːŋ |
| 恾 | *maːŋ |
| 吂 | *maːŋ, *maːŋs |
| 汒 | *maːŋ, *maŋs |
| 朚 | *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 邙 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 杗 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 荒 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs |
| 肓 | *hmaːŋ |
| 衁 | *hmaːŋ |
| 巟 | *hmaːŋ |
| 詤 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ |
| 慌 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ |
| 謊 | *hmaːŋʔ |
| 喪 | *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ |
| 亡 | *maŋ |
| 望 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 莣 | *maŋ |
| 朢 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 鋩 | *maŋ |
| 硭 | *maŋ |
| 忘 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 网 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 罔 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 蛧 | *maŋʔ |
| 網 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 輞 | *maŋʔ |
| 棢 | *maŋʔ |
| 惘 | *maŋʔ |
| 菵 | *maŋʔ |
| 誷 | *maŋʔ |
| 魍 | *maŋʔ |
| 妄 | *maŋs |
| 盲 | *mraːŋ |
| 蝱 | *mraːŋ |
| 虻 | *mraːŋ |
| 氓 | *mraːŋ |
| 甿 | *mraːŋ |

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b-(r/j)aŋ (“fly, bee”). Cognate with 蠅 (OC *m-rəŋ > *m-ləŋ, “fly”), Tibetan སྦྲང་བུ (sbrang bu, “bee”), Burmese ယင် (yang, “fly”), Chepang याङ् (“insect; fly”), Japhug ɣʑo (“bee”) (STEDT; Coblin, 1986; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007; Baxter & Sagart, 2014; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): méng (meng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mong$^4$ / mang$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^2$
*** Yale: méng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mong$^4$ / mang$^4$
*** Yale: mòhng / màhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mong$^4$ / mang$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mong$^4$ / meng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔːŋ²¹/, /mɐŋ²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: morng$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mó̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /mɒŋ¹³/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 虻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12691 |
| Phonetic component | 亡 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 盲 |
| Old Chinese | /*mraːŋ/ |
| Notes | 同蝱見莊子 |

### Definitions

虻
* horsefly; gadfly

### Compounds

* 牛虻 (niúméng)
* 花虻
* 蚊虻之勞 / 蚊虻之劳
* 食蟲虻 / 食虫虻

### References

* “虻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “虻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 154.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* horsefly

#### Readings

* Go-on: みょう (myō)
* Kan-on: もう (mō)
* Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kun: あぶ (abu, 虻)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 虻
* あぶ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 蝱

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あぶ [áꜜbù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [a̠bɯ̟]

### Noun

虻(あぶ) or 虻(アブ) • (abu)
* a horsefly

#### Derived terms

* 花虻(ハナアブ) (hanābu)

#### Idioms

* 虻蜂取(あぶはちと)らず (abu hachi torazu)

### References

* Yoshida, Masatoshi et.al. Kodansha's Romanized Japanese-English Dictionary. Tokyo: Kodansha International (JPN), 1993. →ISBN.

## Korean
### Hanja

虻 • (meong) (hangeul 멍, revised meong, McCune–Reischauer mŏng, Yale meng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.