# 胆

| 胆 | U+80C6, &#32966; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80C6 |
| ← 胅 [U+80C5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 胇 → [U+80C7] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 胆 |
| Simplified | 胆 |
| Traditional | 膽 |

### Han character

胆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月日一 (BAM), composition ⿰⺼旦)

#### Derived characters

* 𫅝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 977, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29354
* Dae Jaweon: page 1429, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2059, character 4
* Unihan data for U+80C6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 皽 | *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ |
| 担 | *taːnʔ |
| 胆 | *daːn, *daːn |
| 疸 | *taːnʔ, *taːns |
| 觛 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ |
| 亶 | *taːnʔ |
| 嬗 | *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans |
| 笪 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 狚 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 旦 | *taːns |
| 鴠 | *taːns |
| 譠 | *tʰaːn, *rteːn |
| 坦 | *tʰaːnʔ |
| 但 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns |
| 檀 | *daːn |
| 壇 | *daːn |
| 儃 | *daːn, *djan |
| 驙 | *daːn, *tan |
| 袒 | *daːnʔ, *rdeːns |
| 襢 | *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans |
| 繵 | *daːnʔ |
| 膻 | *daːnʔ |
| 澶 | *daːns, *djan |
| 邅 | *tan, *danʔ, *dans |
| 鱣 | *tan |
| 饘 | *tjan, *tjanʔ |
| 旜 | *tjan |
| 氈 | *tjan |
| 鸇 | *tjan |
| 顫 | *tjans |
| 蟺 | *djanʔ |
| 擅 | *djans |
| 羶 | *hljan |
| 呾 | *taːd, *ʔraːd |
| 怛 | *taːd |
| 妲 | *taːd |
| 靼 | *taːd, *tjad |
| 炟 | *taːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).

### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 胆 – see 膽 (“gallbladder; guts; courage; bravery; strength; nerve; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 膽).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 胆 |
| Kyūjitai | 膽 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 膽)
* gall bladder
* courage

#### Readings

* Go-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
* Kun: きも (kimo, 胆)、い (i, 胆)

#### Compounds

* 胆(たん)汁(じゅう) (tanjū): yellow bile, bile
* 胆(たん)石(せき) (tanseki)
* 大(だい)胆(たん) (daitan)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 胆
* い Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 膽 (kyūjitai)
From Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”); attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE where 膽振鉏 is phonetically spelled as i-puri-sape₂ (伊浮梨娑陛); in turn from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *i. Usage of this word was mostly confined to kanbun texts and wordlists. The word fell into disuse after the Muromachi period as body parts, including internal organs, were being called by their Chinese readings, in which this word likely conflated with 胃 (i, “stomach”), but remains in compounds.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) い [íꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) い [ì] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [i]
* (Kyoto) い​ー [íì] (Kōki)
* Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
   * (the Heian period) HH
    ※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌). ※ References:

#### Noun

胆(い) • (i)
* (archaic, possibly obsolete or in compounds) gallbladder; liver
    Synonyms: 胆嚢 (tannō), 肝 (kimo)

##### Derived terms

* 熊の胆 (kumanoi)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 胆
* きも Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 膽 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 胆 – see the following entry. :
| 【肝きも】S | [noun] the liver [noun] innards [noun] (figuratively) important part |
(This term, 胆, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 64
* 1 2 3 4 Nihon Kokugo Daijiten Dai-ni-ban Henshū I'inkai (日本国語大辞典第二版編集委員会) (2001-2002) 日本国語大辞典　第二版 [Unabridged Japanese Dictionary: Second Edition], Tokyo (東京都): Shōgakukan (小学館), →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.