# 夫

| 夫 | U+592B, &#22827; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592B |
| ← 太 [U+592A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 夬 → [U+592C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

夫 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 手人 (QO), four-corner 5003$_0$, composition ⿻二人 or ⿻一大)

#### See also

* 替 賛 (top simplified from 竝 and 兟)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 248, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5835
* Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 521, character 1
* Unihan data for U+592B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 夫 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 趺 | *pa |
| 肤 | *pa |
| 邞 | *pa |
| 鈇 | *pa |
| 衭 | *pa |
| 玞 | *pa |
| 夫 | *pa, *ba |
| 鳺 | *pa |
| 扶 | *pa, *ba |
| 妋 | *pa, *qu |
| 麩 | *pʰa |
| 蚨 | *ba |
| 芙 | *ba |
| 颫 | *ba |
| 枎 | *ba |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 大 (“man”) + 一 (“hairpin”) – a man with a hairpin in his hair.
In ancient times, when men reached the age of 20, they bound their hair with a hairpin during the Guan Li ceremony. The hairpin is the sign of “a grownup man”.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pa (“male”). Do not confuse this with 父 (OC *paʔ, *baʔ, “father”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fū (fu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fû
    (Hailu, HRS): fu$^ˋ$
* Northern Min (KCR): hú
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭ / buŏ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu$^1$ / bou$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hu / po͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hu$^1$ / bou$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$fu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fū
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fu
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^1$
*** Yale: fū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^1$
*** Yale: fū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fû
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hú
*** Sinological IPA : /xu⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭ / buŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /hu⁵⁵/, /puo⁵⁵/
* hŭ - literary;
* buŏ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: pju
Rime :
| Character | 夫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 甫無切 |
| Baxter | pju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /pio/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)a/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pa/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 夫 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fū |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pju › |
| Old Chinese | /*p(r)a/ |
| English | man |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 夫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 3274 |
| Phonetic component | 夫 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 跗 |
| Old Chinese | /*pa/ |

#### Definitions

夫
* male adult; man
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Wéi cǐ Yǎnxī, bǎifū zhī tè. [Pinyin]
    And this Yansi, Was a man above a hundred.
    From: c. early 8th century, Li Bai (李白), 蜀道難. Translated into the English as The Steep Road to Shuh by Shigeyoshi Obata (小畑薫良), 1922.
    Jiàngé zhēngróng ér cuīwéi, yī fū dāng guān, wàn fū mò kāi. [Pinyin]
    The gate of the Sword Parapet stands firm on its frightful height. One man defending it, a thousand men could not break it open.
* husband
    前夫 ― qiánfū ― ex-husband
    夫婦／夫妇 ― fūfù ― married couple
* manual worker
    農夫／农夫 ― nóngfū ― peasant
    漁夫／渔夫 ― yúfū ― fisherman
* conscripted laborer

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 夫, 男, 丁, 士, 丈夫, 男子, 丁男, 男丁 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 男人, 男子, 男士, 男性, 漢子, 男子漢, 男兒, 男丁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 男的, 男人, 爺們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 男人, 男生 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 男的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 男的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 男性 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 男的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 男子, 男的, 男人家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 男的, 男性, 男子漢, 男人家 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 男人, 男的, 老爺們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 男人, 男的, 男子漢, 爺們兒, 老爺們兒, 大老爺們兒, 漢子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 男的, 男子漢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 男人, 男的, 老爺們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 男人, 男的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢, 老爺們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 男人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 男人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 老爺們兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 男的, 爺們兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 男人, 男的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 老爺兒們兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢, 漢們 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 男的, 漢們 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 男人, 男的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 男人, 男的, 爺們兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 男人 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 男人, 男的, 男子漢, 老爺們兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 男人 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 男人, 漢子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 男人, 男的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 男人, 男的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 男人, 漢子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 男子漢, 男的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 男的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 男嘞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 男人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 漢家, 漢家家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 男人, 男人家, 男的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 男人, 男人家, 男子漢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 爺兒們 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Kaifeng | 男人家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 男的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 男人, 男的, 男人家, 男子漢, 當家的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 男人, 男人家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 男人, 掌櫃的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 男人, 男的, 男人家, 男子, 男子漢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 男人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 男人, 男的, 爺們兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 男人, 男子漢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 男人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 男人, 男子漢 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 男人, 爺們 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 男人, 男的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 男人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 男人, 男人家, 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 男的, 男人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 男人, 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 男子漢, 男的, 男人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 男人, 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 男人, 男將, 男的, 男人家, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 男人, 男的, 男將, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 男人, 男的, 男將, 外頭人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢, 男將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 男的, 男人, 男人家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 男子八叉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 漢子, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 男人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 男人, 男人家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 男人, 男的, 男人家, 男人公, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianlin (Langping) | 男人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 男人, 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 男的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 兒子, 漢子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 兒子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 漢子, 兒子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 兒子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 男人家, 男的, 男人 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 男人家, 男子漢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 男的, 男子漢, 大男人 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 男的, 男將, 男人家 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 男人家, 男的, 男將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 男的, 老的們 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 男人, 男的, 老爹們 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 男將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 男人, 男的, 外手的, 男將 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 男人, 佬, 男子佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 男子佬 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 男人佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 男佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 男仔 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 佬 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 佬 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 佬 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 佬人 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 男人, 男人佬 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 佬仔, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 男子佬, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 男人, 男人佬 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 男人, 佬兒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 男人, 老仔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 男人, 佬 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 男人 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 男人 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 男人, 男個 |
| Gan | Pengze | 男人 |
| Gan | Poyang | 男個 |
| Gan | Yugan | 男個 |
| Gan | Wannian | 男個 |
| Gan | Yiyang, Jiangxi | 男客 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 男子人 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 男子人 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 男客 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 男子人, 男人 |
| Gan | Guixi | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 男個, 男仔人 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 丈夫家 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 男子佬, 老哥 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 老哥 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 男仔人 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 男哩人, 男人 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 男牯佬, 男哩人 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 男哩 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 男仔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 男人 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Changting | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 男子倽 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 男人, 男子倽, 男子人, 男個 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 男子人, 男個 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 男子人, 男個 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 男子人, 男人 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 男子人, 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 倈子人 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 男子人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 男仔人, 細倈人 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 男仔人, 細倈仔人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 男仔人, 細倈人 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 男人, 細倈人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 男人, 男仔人, 細倈人 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 男子人, 男子, 囝子人 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 老哥 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 男子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 男子, 男佬 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 男子佬 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 男人 |
| Hakka | Senai (Hepo) | 男仔, 男人 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 男子人, 倈子人, 倈仔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 男子家, 男仂 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 男人, 男人家, 官客 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 男人家 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 男人家 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 男個 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 男子漢 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 男人家, 男個 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 男個 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 男客, 男客人 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 男的, 男人, 男人家 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 男人, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Datong | 男人 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 男人, 男人家 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 男的 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 男人 |
| Jin | Linhe | 男人, 男人家, 男的 |
| Jin | Jining | 男人 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Baotou | 男人 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 男人 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 男人 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 男人, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Jin | Handan | 男人, 男的, 漢們 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 男人 |
| Jin | Suide | 男人, 男人家, 男的, 男子漢 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 男人 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 丈夫人, 丈夫 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 丈夫 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 丈夫客, 丈夫 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 丈夫客 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 男人 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 男人 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 丈夫人, 丈夫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 丈夫儂, 男界 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 男界, 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 丈夫儂, 丈夫 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 丈夫儂 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 丈夫儂, 男界 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 丈夫囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 丈夫囝 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 丈夫囝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 丈夫儂, 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 丈夫個 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 丈夫個 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 丈夫儂, 丈夫, 丈夫個 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 丈夫囝 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 男的 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 丈夫儂, 丈夫仔儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 男儂 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Phnom Penh (Teochew) | 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Teochew) | 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 男儂, 公爹 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 公爹, 丈夫, 公爹儂 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 男儂, 公爹儂, 公爹 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 公爹, 丈夫 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 公爹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 丈夫, 丈夫儂, 男界 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 丈夫, 男人 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 丈夫 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 丈夫, 丈夫儂 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 丈夫 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 丈夫, 男人 |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 大夫儂 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 丈夫倽 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 丈夫倽 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 丈夫倽 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 男人 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 男儂, 佬 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 男儂, 佬 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 男人 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Xinxu) | 男人 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 男人, 男個 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 男人 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 男人 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 夫郎人 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 男人 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 男人 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 男人 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 男人 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 男人 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 男人 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 男人 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 男人 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 男人 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 男人 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 後生家 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 男人家, 男個, 男人, 男客家 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 男人, 男客, 男客家 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 男人 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 男人, 男個 |
| Wu | Danyang | 男個家, 男個 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 男人家, 男人, 男的 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 男人, 男人家, 男個, 男𡢿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 男個, 男子客 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 男個, 男子人, 男人 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 男子, 男子儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 男子人 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 男子儂 |
| Wu | Yushan | 男子 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 男的, 男人, 男人家 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 男人家 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 男人家 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 男人 |

#### Compounds

* 一勇之夫
* 一夫 (yīfū)
* 下大夫
* 丈夫 (“husband”)
* 丈夫女
* 丈夫子
* 三閭大夫 / 三闾大夫
* 不丈夫
* 不杖期夫
* 中散大夫
* 尹霍夫池
* 二夫人
* 五大夫
* 五羖大夫
* 介夫
* 伊凡諾夫 / 伊凡诺夫
* 伙夫
* 偉丈夫 / 伟丈夫
* 傖夫俗人 / 伧夫俗人
* 僕夫 / 仆夫
* 光夫
* 先夫 (xiānfū)
* 光祿大夫 / 光禄大夫
* 克利夫蘭 / 克利夫兰 (Kèlìfūlán)
* 兒夫 / 儿夫
* 兒女夫妻 / 儿女夫妻
* 共事一夫
* 冰島漁夫 / 冰岛渔夫
* 凡夫 (fánfū)
* 凡夫俗子 (fánfūsúzǐ)
* 凡夫肉眼
* 剋夫 / 克夫 (kèfū)
* 前夫 (qiánfū)
* 力敵萬夫 / 力敌万夫
* 功夫 (gōngfu, “kung-fu”)
* 功夫片
* 勇夫 (yǒngfū)
* 勇夫悍卒
* 匹夫 (pǐfū)
* 匹夫之勇 (pǐfūzhīyǒng)
* 匹夫匹婦 / 匹夫匹妇
* 匹夫懷璧 / 匹夫怀璧
* 匹夫有責 / 匹夫有责
* 千夫
* 千夫所指 (qiānfūsuǒzhǐ)
* 千夫長 / 千夫长
* 南斯拉夫 (Nánsīlāfū)
* 卿大夫 (qīngdàfū)
* 哲夫 (zhéfū)
* 單夫隻婦 / 单夫只妇
* 嗇夫 / 啬夫
* 地下夫人
* 坐產招夫 / 坐产招夫
* 堯夫助麥 / 尧夫助麦
* 壓寨夫人 / 压寨夫人
* 士大夫 (shìdàfū)
* 士大夫畫 / 士大夫画
* 士夫
* 壯夫 / 壮夫
* 夜夫
* 大丈夫
* 大夫 (“doctor”)
* 大夫松
* 太中大夫 (tàizhōng dàfū)
* 夫主
* 夫人 (fūrén, “madam”)
* 夫人城
* 夫人縣君 / 夫人县君
* 夫人裙帶 / 夫人裙带
* 夫倡婦隨 / 夫倡妇随
* 夫兄弟
* 夫君 (fūjūn)
* 夫唱婦隨 / 夫唱妇随 (fūchàngfùsuí)
* 太夫人
* 太夫子
* 夫妻 (fūqī)
* 夫妻兩口 / 夫妻两口
* 夫妻反目
* 夫妻店 (fūqīdiàn)
* 夫妻相 (fūqīxiàng)
* 夫妻關係 / 夫妻关系
* 夫娘 (fūniáng)
* 夫婦 / 夫妇 (fūfù, “married couple”)
* 夫婦合璧 / 夫妇合璧
* 夫婦和 / 夫妇和
* 夫婦好合 / 夫妇好合
* 夫婦齊眉 / 夫妇齐眉
* 夫婿 (fūxù)
* 夫子 (fūzǐ)
* 夫子河 (Fūzǐhé)
* 夫子自道
* 夫家 (fūjiā)
* 夫役
* 夫榮妻貴 / 夫荣妻贵
* 夫榮妻顯 / 夫荣妻显
* 夫權 / 夫权 (fūquán)
* 夫死從子 / 夫死从子
* 夫男
* 夫貴妻榮 / 夫贵妻荣
* 夫頭 / 夫头
* 夫馬 / 夫马
* 夫黨 / 夫党
* 夯夫
* 夯鐵之夫 / 夯铁之夫
* 奉政大夫
* 女丈夫
* 女中丈夫
* 奸夫 (jiānfū)
* 妻以夫貴 / 妻以夫贵
* 妹夫 (mèifū)
* 姐夫
* 姊夫
* 姦夫 / 奸夫 (jiānfū)
* 姨夫
* 姦夫淫婦 / 奸夫淫妇
* 婢作夫人
* 娼夫
* 婦奪夫權 / 妇夺夫权
* 婢學夫人 / 婢学夫人
* 嫂夫人
* 子大夫
* 孔夫子 (Kǒng Fūzǐ)
* 孱夫
* 宰夫
* 家庭主夫 (jiātíng zhǔfū)
* 家庭煮夫
* 寡夫 (guǎfū)
* 尊夫人 (zūnfūrén)
* 小丈夫
* 小夫人
* 屠夫 (túfū)
* 工夫
* 床上功夫
* 庸夫
* 廚夫 / 厨夫
* 役夫
* 征夫 (zhēngfū)
* 後夫 / 后夫
* 御史大夫 (yùshǐ dàfū)
* 御夫座 (Yùfūzuò)
* 怯夫 (qièfū)
* 怨女曠夫 / 怨女旷夫 (yuànnǚ kuàngfū)
* 息夫人
* 患難夫妻 / 患难夫妻
* 情夫 (qíngfū)
* 愚夫
* 愚夫愚婦 / 愚夫愚妇
* 憂愁夫人 / 忧愁夫人
* 懦夫 (nuòfū)
* 打脊匹夫
* 扛夫
* 抗戰夫人 / 抗战夫人
* 拔圍出夫 / 拔围出夫
* 拉夫 (lāfū)
* 拙夫
* 押寨夫人
* 挑夫 (tiāofū)
* 挑妻窩夫 / 挑妻窝夫
* 指腳夫妻 / 指脚夫妻
* 摩耶夫人
* 擔夫 / 担夫
* 故夫
* 斯拉夫字母
* 斯拉夫族 (sīlāfūzú)
* 曠夫 / 旷夫 (kuàngfū)
* 曠夫怨女 / 旷夫怨女 (kuàngfū yuànnǚ)
* 更夫 (gēngfū)
* 有夫之婦 / 有夫之妇 (yǒufūzhīfù)
* 有工夫
* 望夫石 (wàngfūshí)
* 未婚夫 (wèihūnfū)
* 村夫 (cūnfū)
* 村夫俗子
* 村夫子
* 村夫野老
* 杖期夫
* 柴米夫妻
* 槓夫 / 杠夫 (gàngfū)
* 樵夫 (qiáofū)
* 武夫 (wǔfū)
* 殺狗勸夫 / 杀狗劝夫
* 民夫 (mínfū)
* 民賊獨夫 / 民贼独夫
* 水夫 (shuǐfū)
* 水火夫
* 沒得工夫 / 没得工夫
* 沒的功夫 / 没的功夫
* 海夫人
* 清道夫 (qīngdàofū)
* 湘夫人
* 漁夫 / 渔夫 (yúfū, “fisherman”)
* 潛夫論 / 潜夫论
* 瀧夫 / 泷夫
* 灌夫罵坐 / 灌夫骂坐
* 火夫 (huǒfū)
* 烈丈夫
* 牧夫座 (Mùfūzuò)
* 狂夫
* 獨夫 / 独夫 (dúfū)
* 獨夫民賊 / 独夫民贼 (dúfūmínzéi)
* 玉夫座 (Yùfūzuò)
* 田夫牧子
* 田夫野老
* 病夫 (bìngfū)
* 白費功夫 / 白费功夫
* 百夫良
* 百夫長 / 百夫长 (bǎifūzhǎng)
* 盭夫
* 相夫教子 (xiàngfūjiàozǐ)
* 相女配夫
* 眇小丈夫
* 萬夫 / 万夫
* 萬夫不當 / 万夫不当
* 萬夫莫敵 / 万夫莫敌
* 萬夫莫當 / 万夫莫当
* 穡夫 / 穑夫
* 空中夫妻
* 窺御激夫 / 窥御激夫
* 站夫
* 竹夫人 (zhúfūrén)
* 第一夫人 (dì-yī fūrén)
* 管夫人
* 箱底功夫
* 精夫
* 糞夫 / 粪夫
* 約瑟夫 / 约瑟夫 (Yuēsèfū)
* 結髮夫妻 / 结发夫妻 (jiéfà fūqī)
* 縴夫 / 纤夫 (qiànfū)
* 罵坐灌夫 / 骂坐灌夫
* 羅敷有夫 / 罗敷有夫
* 義夫 / 义夫 (yìfū)
* 義夫節婦 / 义夫节妇
* 老匹夫
* 老夫 (lǎofū)
* 老夫妻
* 老夫子
* 老夫老妻 (lǎofūlǎoqī)
* 而夫
* 耕夫
* 腳夫 / 脚夫 (jiǎofū)
* 膳夫
* 臨水夫人 / 临水夫人
* 舁夫
* 船夫 (chuánfū)
* 花燭夫妻 / 花烛夫妻
* 花蕊夫人
* 莽大夫
* 莽夫 (mǎngfū)
* 莽灌夫
* 蒙古大夫 (měnggǔ dàifu)
* 薄夫
* 蝴蝶夫人
* 表沃夫
* 褐夫
* 西山餓夫 / 西山饿夫
* 謀夫孔多 / 谋夫孔多
* 諫議大夫 / 谏议大夫 (jiànyì dàfū)
* 貝奧武夫 / 贝奥武夫 (Bèi'àowǔfū)
* 貞夫烈婦 / 贞夫烈妇
* 貪夫徇財 / 贪夫徇财
* 貪夫痴客 / 贪夫痴客
* 販夫走卒 / 贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
* 費功夫 / 费功夫
* 貼夫 / 贴夫
* 賤丈夫 / 贱丈夫
* 赳赳武夫 (jiūjiūwǔfū)
* 起夫
* 車腳夫 / 车脚夫
* 輓夫 / 挽夫
* 輦夫 / 辇夫
* 轎夫 / 轿夫 (jiàofū)
* 農夫 / 农夫 (nóngfū, “peasant”)
* 迂夫子
* 逐臭之夫
* 鄉大夫 / 乡大夫
* 鄙夫
* 鄙夫之見 / 鄙夫之见
* 長夫 / 长夫
* 閒工夫 / 闲工夫 (xiángōngfu)
* 關夫子 / 关夫子 (Guānfūzǐ)
* 露水夫妻
* 韋布匹夫 / 韦布匹夫
* 頂上功夫 / 顶上功夫
* 馬夫 / 马夫 (mǎfū)
* 馬爾地夫 / 马尔地夫 (Mǎ'ěrdìfū)
* 騾夫 / 骡夫
* 高爾夫 / 高尔夫 (gāo'ěrfū)
* 高爾夫球 / 高尔夫球 (gāo'ěrfūqiú)
* 鰥夫 / 鳏夫 (guānfū)
* 齋夫 / 斋夫

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *pʰuəᴬ
** Thai: ผัว (pǔua, “husband”)

### Etymology 2

“That”. Schuessler (2007) connects this with Proto-Loloish *m-ba (“on the other side”), Tibetan ཕ (pha, “beyond, farther on, onward”). Maybe related to 彼 (OC *pralʔ, “that”). Pulleyblank (1995) relates the introductory particle sense with 凡 (OC *bom).
In the sense "is it not?", probably a contraction of 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') and 乎 (OC *ɢaː) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 145).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fú (fu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hù
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): hu$^1$ / hu$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$vu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fú
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fú
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^2$
*** Yale: fú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^4$
*** Yale: fùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hù
*** Sinological IPA : /hu⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hu$^1$ / hu$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hu / hū
*** Sinological IPA : /hu³³/, /hu¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$vu
*** MiniDict: vu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$vu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vu²³/
* Middle Chinese: bju
Rime :
| Character | 夫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 防無切 |
| Baxter | bju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /bio/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]a/, /*ba/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ba/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 夫 | 夫 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fú | fú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bju › | ‹ bju › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]a/ | /*ba/ |
| English | this, that | final particle |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 夫 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 3281 |
| Phonetic component | 夫 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 扶 |
| Old Chinese | /*ba/ |

#### Definitions

夫
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A generic personal pronoun – he; she; it; they.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A generic demonstrative pronoun – this; that; these; those.
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Fú rén bù yán, yán bì yǒu zhòng. [Pinyin]
    This man seldom speaks; when he does, he is sure to hit the point.
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Wēi fú rén zhī lì bù jí cǐ. [Pinyin]
    Without that person's support, I would not be who I am today.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Sentence-initial particle which introduces a topic.
    From: The Art of War, circa 5th century BCE
    Fú jiàng zhě, guó zhī fǔ yě. [Pinyin]
    The general is the country's defense.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Sentence-final particle, meaning “Is it not?”.
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ zài chuān shàng, yuē: “Shìzhěrúsī fú! Bù shè zhòuyè.” [Pinyin]
    The Master standing by a stream, said, "It passes on just like this, not ceasing day or night!"
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Meaningless particle in the middle of a sentence.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 此, 斯, 是, 之, 茲 anteclassical, 夫, 爾 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 這 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 這 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 這 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 這 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 這 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 這 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 這 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 這 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 呢, 依 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 呢, 依 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 該 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 果 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 阿 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 呢 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 呢, 依 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 箇 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 箇 |
| Gan | Anyi | 箇 |
| Gan | Lushan | 箇 |
| Gan | Duchang | 箇 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 該 |
| Gan | Poyang | 箇 |
| Gan | Yugan | 該 |
| Gan | Wannian | 該 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 這 |
| Gan | Yichun | 箇 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 箇 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 箇 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 箇 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 里 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 箇 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 該 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 該 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 該 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 箇 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 箇 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 箇 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 箇 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 該 |
| Gan | Chongren | 該 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 該 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 蓋 |
| Gan | Taihe | 箇 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 該 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 箇 |
| Gan | Guixi | 箇 |
| Gan | Jianning | 個 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 箇 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 箇 |
| Gan | Le'an | 該 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 改 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 底 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 介 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 箇 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 該 |
| Gan | Xingan | 個 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 改 |
| Hakka | Changting | 爾 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 只 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 這 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 底 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 底 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 底 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 底 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 底 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 底 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 界 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 這 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 這 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 這 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 這 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 這 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 這 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 伊 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 這 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 這 |
| Jin | Datong | 這 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 這 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 這 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 這 |
| Jin | Linhe | 這 |
| Jin | Jining | 這 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 這 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 這 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 這 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 這 |
| Jin | Handan | 這 |
| Jin | Suide | 這 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𱕇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 只, 者, 嚽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 者 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 這 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 這 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 只, 這 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 這 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 這 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 這 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 這 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 這 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 這 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 這 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 這 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 只 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 這 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 這 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 這 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 這 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 迄好 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 這 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 只 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 只 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 只 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 只 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 只 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 只 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 這 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 這 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 這 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 只蜀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 只蜀 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 這 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 這 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 當 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 者 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 只 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 這 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 亞 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 這 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 個 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿, 迭 dated, 第 obsolete |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 搿 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Fengxian) | 格 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jinshan) | 格 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吉, 講, 葛 also that |
| Wu | Suzhou | 該, 搿 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 個 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 意 |
| Wu | Changshu | 俚 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 葛 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 葛 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 葛 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 葛 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 葛 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 資 |
| Wu | Danyang | 格 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 格 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 格 |
| Wu | Changxing | 格 |
| Wu | Anji | 格 |
| Wu | Deqing | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 葛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 葛 |
| Wu | Tonglu (Wusheng) | 個個 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 咸 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 咸 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 咸 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 咸 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 葛 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 葛 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 耶 |
| Wu | Cixi | 葛 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 葛 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 葛 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 葛 |
| Wu | Wenling | 葛, 格 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 個 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 個 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 個 |
| Wu | Rui'an | 個 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 個 |
| Wu | Taishun | 這 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 個 |
| Wu | Lishui | 已 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 已 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 已 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 益 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 益 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 這 |
| Wu | Longquan | 搭 |
| Wu | Suichang | 益 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 益 |
| Wu | Changshan | 益 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 益 |
| Wu | Longyou | 個 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 等, 待 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 吾 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 個 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 這, 吉 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 個 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 愛個 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 個 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 這 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 伊 |
| Wu | Yushan | 伊 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 咯 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 咯 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 彼, 其, 夫, 爾 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 那, 該 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 那 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 那 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 那, 乜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 那 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 那 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 那 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 那, 乜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 那 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 那, 乜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 𠰻, 兀$_3$, 奈 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 兀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 兀$_3$, 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 那 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 那, 呶 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 那 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 那 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 那 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 那 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 葛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 那, 顧 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 那 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 那 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 嗰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 嗰 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 嗰 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 嚀, 𡃕 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 嗰 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 那 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 嗰 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 嗰 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 許 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 許 |
| Gan | Anyi | 爾 |
| Gan | Lushan | 爾 |
| Gan | Pengze | 爾 |
| Gan | Duchang | 爾 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 爾 |
| Gan | Poyang | 爾 |
| Gan | Yugan | 爾 |
| Gan | Wannian | 那 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 爾 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 爾 |
| Gan | Leping | 恁 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 許 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 許 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 許 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 許 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 恁 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 恁 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 階 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 許 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 里 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 許 |
| Gan | Chongren | 許 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 恁 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 改 |
| Gan | Yongfeng | 蓋 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 許 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 里 |
| Gan | Guixi | 許 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 恁 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 恁 |
| Gan | Le'an | 許 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 該 |
| Gan | Anfu | 改 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 介 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 許 |
| Hakka | Changting | 解 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 介 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 解 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 解 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 介 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 界 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 界 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 密 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 該 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 該 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 該 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 該 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 該 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 遐 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 哎 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 嗰 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 那 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 那 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 箇 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 爾 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 兀$_3$, 那 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 那 |
| Jin | Datong | 那 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 𠰻 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 那, 𠰻 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 那 |
| Jin | Linhe | 那 |
| Jin | Jining | 那 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 那 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 那 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 那 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 那 |
| Jin | Handan | 那 |
| Jin | Suide | 那 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 兀$_4$ |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 兀$_4$ |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 兀$_4$ |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 兀$_4$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 那 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 許 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 許 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 彼, 許 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 彼, 許 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 彼, 許 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 那 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 彼, 許 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 彼 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 許 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 許 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 許 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 許 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 許 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 許 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 許 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 兀$_4$ |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 兀$_4$ |
| Wu | Shanghai | 埃, 伊 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 威 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 艾, 港, 葛 also this |
| Wu | Suzhou | 歸 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) | 介面 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 過 |
| Wu | Changshu | 過 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 過 |
| Wu | Danyang | 過 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Zhongbao, Gaochun) | 古 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 許 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 麼 |
| Wu | Yushan | 忽 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 那 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 喏 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 伊$_1$, 彼, 其, 厥, 渠, 夫, 之 object, 乃 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 他, 怹 honorific |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 他 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 他 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 他 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 他, 伢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 家, 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 他 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 他 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 他 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 他 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 他, 那 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 他 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 他 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 他, 他家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Xiakuojie) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fujian) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 他 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 他 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 他 |
| Mandarin | Qinzhou (Longmengang) | 他 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 他 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 他 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Shek Pik; Weitou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Pingdong, Longgang; Shehua) | 其 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Pingshan; Zhanmi) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 佢 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 佢 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 渠 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 渠 |
| Gan | Anyi | 渠仂 |
| Gan | Lushan | 渠 |
| Gan | Pengze | 渠 |
| Gan | Duchang | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 渠 |
| Gan | Poyang | 渠 |
| Gan | Yugan | 渠, 渠郎 |
| Gan | Wannian | 渠 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 渠, 渠仂 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 渠, 渠仂 |
| Gan | Leping | 渠 |
| Gan | Yichun | 渠 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 渠 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 渠 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 渠 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 渠 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 渠 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 渠 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 渠 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 渠 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 渠仂 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 渠 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 渠仂, 渠 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 渠 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 渠 |
| Gan | Chongren | 渠 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 他 |
| Gan | Lianhua | 渠 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 渠 |
| Gan | Yongfeng | 渠 |
| Gan | Taihe | 渠 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 渠 |
| Gan | Yongxin | 渠 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 渠 |
| Gan | Guixi | 渠, 渠仂 |
| Gan | Jianning | 使 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 渠 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 渠 |
| Gan | Le'an | 渠 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 渠 |
| Gan | Anfu | 渠 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 渠 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 渠 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 渠 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 渠 |
| Gan | Xingan | 渠 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 渠 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 佢 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 佢 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 佢 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 佢 |
| Hakka | Changting | 佢 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 佢 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 佢 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 佢 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 佢 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 佢 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 佢 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 佢 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 佢 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Nankang) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Dingnan | 佢 |
| Hakka | Longnan | 佢 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 佢 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 佢 |
| Hakka | Chongyi | 佢 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 佢 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 佢 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 佢 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingjiao) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 佢 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 佢 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 佢 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 渠, 渠仂 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 渠 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Qiandaohu) | 渠 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Meicheng) | 渠 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Shouchang) | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 他 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 他 |
| Jin | Datong | 他 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 他 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 他 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 他 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 他 |
| Jin | Linhe | 他 |
| Jin | Jining | 他 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 他 |
| Jin | Baotou | 他 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 他 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 他 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 他 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 他 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 他 |
| Jin | Handan | 他 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 他 |
| Jin | Suide | 他 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 渠 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 渠 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Taishun | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Cangnan | 伊$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Datian | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 他, 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Cangnan | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 伊$_1$ |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 渠 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 渠 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 渠 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 渠 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 𠇼 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 𠇼 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 渠 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 渠 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 渠 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 伊$_1$ |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 伊$_1$ |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 佢 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 他 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 渠 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 是渠, 實渠, 渠 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Suzhou | 俚, 俚倷, 唔倷 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 伊$_2$, 伊奴 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 佗 |
| Wu | Changshu | 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 他, 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 伊內 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 伊$_2$, 伊儂 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 伊儂 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 伊$_2$ |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 伊$_2$, 夷儂 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 伊$_2$, 葉內, 候內 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 佗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 他 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 他 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 是其 |
| Wu | Changxing | 是夷, 夷 |
| Wu | Anji | 其 |
| Wu | Deqing | 夷 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 他 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 夷, 其 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 夷, 是夷, 其 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 夷, 是夷 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) | 夷 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 夷, 是夷 |
| Wu | Tonglu (Wusheng) | 夷, 他 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 夷 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 其 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 夷 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 其 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 其 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Fenghua) | 其 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 渠 |
| Wu | Cixi | 渠 |
| Wu | Xiangshan | 其, 像其 |
| Wu | Ninghai | 其, 其儂 |
| Wu | Zhoushan | 其 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 渠 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 渠 |
| Wu | Xianju | 渠 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 渠 |
| Wu | Linhai | 渠 |
| Wu | Wenling | 渠 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 渠 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 渠 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 渠 |
| Wu | Rui'an | 渠 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 渠 |
| Wu | Taishun | 其 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 渠 |
| Wu | Lishui | 渠 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 渠 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 渠 |
| Wu | Wuyi (Liucheng) | 渠 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 渠 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 他, 其 |
| Wu | Jingning | 他, 渠 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 渠 |
| Wu | Longquan | 渠 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 渠 |
| Wu | Suichang | 渠 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 渠 |
| Wu | Changshan | 渠 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 渠 |
| Wu | Longyou | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 渠 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 渠 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 渠 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 其, 徐 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 渠 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 渠 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 渠, 渠儂 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 他 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 他 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 他 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 他 |
| Note | In spoken language, Chinese varieties in general do not distinguish gender/animacy in the third-person pronoun; distinctions are only sometimes made in writing. 佢 is commonly used in Yue, Hakka and Pinghua, while 渠 is more common in other varieties | In spoken language, Chinese varieties in general do not distinguish gender/animacy in the third-person pronoun; distinctions are only sometimes made in writing. 佢 is commonly used in Yue, Hakka and Pinghua, while 渠 is more common in other varieties |

#### Compounds

* 且夫 (qiěfú)
* 今夫 (jīnfú)
* 嗟夫 (jiēfú)
* 若夫 (ruòfú)

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夫 – see 伕. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 伕).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 4

Short for 夫佬 (fu$^1$ lou$^2$).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^1$
*** Yale: fū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

夫
* (Cantonese, informal, card games) full house

#### Compounds

* 啤啤夫

### References

* “夫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* man
* husband
* that, those

#### Readings

* Go-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)、ぶ (bu)
* Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
* Kan’yō-on: ふう (fū, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kun: おっと (otto, 夫, Jōyō)、それ (sore, 夫れ)
* Nanori: お (o)、と (to)、ゆう (yū)、よ (yo)

#### Compounds

* 夫(ふ)妻(さい) (fusai)
* 夫(ふ)人(じん) (fujin)
* 夫(ふう)婦(ふ) (fūfu)
* 夫(そ)れ夫(ぞ)れ (sorezore)
* 義(ぎ)太(だ)夫(ふ) (gidafu)
* 水(すい)夫(ふ) (suifu)
* 寡(か)夫(ふ) (kafu)
* 工(く)夫(ふう) (kufū), 工(こう)夫(ふ) (kōfu)
* 丈(しょう)夫(ぶ) (shōbu), 丈(ますら)夫(お) (masurao)
* 前(ぜん)夫(ぷ) (zenpu)
* 大(たい)夫(ふ) (taifu), 大(だい)夫(ぶ) (daibu), 大夫(たゆう) (tayū)
* 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu)
* 人(にん)夫(ぷ) (ninpu)
* 農(のう)夫(ふ) (nōfu)
* 匹(ひっ)夫(ぷ) (hippu)
* 武(ぶ)夫(ふ) (bufu)
* 亡(ぼう)夫(ふ) (bōfu)
* 老(ろう)夫(ふう)婦(ふ) (rōfūfu)
* 憲(のり)夫(お) (Norio)
* 郁(いく)夫(お) (Ikuo), 郁(ふみ)夫(お) (Fumio)
* 多(た)喜(き)夫(お) (Takio)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 夫
* おっと Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
Shift from older unattested 男人 (wofito), synchronically analyzable as a compound of 男 (wo → o, “male, man”) +‎ 人 (fito → hito, “person”).
Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *wopitə, with many Ryukyuan cognates.
First attested in roughly 1220.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おっと [òttó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [o̞t̚to̞]

#### Noun

夫(おっと) • (otto)
* [from 1220] husband

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 夫
* つま Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 妻
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Kojiki of 712.
Cognate with 端 (tsuma, “edge, side of something”), from the sense of "person by one's side".
Generally spelled 夫 in reference to a husband and 妻 in reference to a wife.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つま [tsúꜜmà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [t͡sɨma̠]

#### Noun

夫(つま) • (tsuma)
* [from 712] spouse, consort
    Coordinate terms: 妻 (tsuma, “wife”), 夫 (otto, “husband”)

##### Usage notes

In modern usage, the term tsuma is usually reserved for the sense wife, and is therefore spelled 妻 in kanji, while husband is usually expressed using the term 夫 (otto).

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 夫
* お Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 夫 – see the following entry. :
| 【雄お】S | [noun] (obsolete in isolation) man, male [noun] (obsolete) husband [noun] something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine [noun] yang (as opposed to yin) Alternative spellings 男, 牡 |
(This term, 夫, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 “夫・良人・所天”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* 1 2 “夫”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 “妻・夫”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 夫 (MC pju). Recorded as Middle Korean 부 (pwu) (Yale: pwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 夫 (eumhun 사나이 부 (sanai bu))
* hanja form of 부 (“man; husband”)

#### Compounds

* 고모부 (姑母夫, gomobu)
* 공부 (工夫, gongbu)
* 광부 (鑛夫, gwangbu)
* 귀부인 (貴夫人, gwibu'in)
* 농부 (農夫, nongbu)
* 대부 (大夫, daebu)
* 부군 (夫君, bugun)
* 부부 (夫婦, bubu)
* 부여 (夫餘, Buyeo)
* 부인 (夫人, bu'in)
* 어부 (漁夫, eobu)
* 영부인 (令夫人, yeongbu'in)
* 우체부 (郵遞夫, uchebu)
* 유부녀 (有夫女, yubunyeo)
* 이모부 (姨母夫, imobu)
* 인부 (人夫, inbu)
* 장부 (丈夫, jangbu)
* 형부 (兄夫, hyeongbu)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

夫: Hán Nôm readings: phu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.