# k

| k | U+006B, &#107; LATIN SMALL LETTER K |
| ← j [U+006A] | Basic Latin | l → [U+006C] |
| ᵏ | U+1D4F, &#7503; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL K |
| ← ᵎ [U+1D4E] | Phonetic Extensions | ᵐ → [U+1D50] |
| ｋ | U+FF4B, &#65355; FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER K |
| ← ｊ [U+FF4A] | Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | ｌ → [U+FF4C] |

## Translingual
### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

### Pronunciation

* Pronunciation of IPA [kɑː, ɑkkɑː] with the sound [k]:(file)

### Symbol

k
* (IPA) A voiceless velar plosive.
* (geology) The permeability of a material for fluids.
* (physics) The spring constant of an elastic material.
* (thermodynamics) The heat capacity ratio.
    Synonym: γ
* (Cyrillic, phonetics) A voiceless uvular plosive, equivalent to IPA ⟨q⟩.

### Noun

k
* (numbers) Abbreviation of thousand. (1000) (taken from the SI-prefix k- for kilo- meaning 1000's multiplier)
    (finance) €500k = 500,000 Euros

### Gallery

* Letter styles
* Uppercase and lowercase versions of K, in normal and italic type
* Uppercase and lowercase K in Fraktur

### See also

* (IPA): ɡ (“voiced velar plosive”)
* (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
* (Variations of letter K): Ḱḱ Ǩǩ Ķķ Ḳḳ Ḵḵ Ƙƙ Ⱪⱪ ᶄᶄ Ꝁꝁ ᴋ Ｋｋ
Other representations of K:
| NATO phonetic: Kilo Morse code: –·– Braille: ⠅ ASL Manual: K | Signal flag: | Semaphore: |
* Uppercase: K
* With cedilla: ķ
* With hook: ƙ
* With háček: ǩ
* With acute: ḱ
* With dot below: ḳ
* With line below: ḵ
* ĸ (kra)
* Κ (kappa)
* К (ka)

## English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /keɪ/
** Audio (US):(file)
** Audio (UK):(file)
** Rhymes: -eɪ
* (phoneme): IPA: /k/

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K, plural ks or k's)
* The eleventh letter of the English alphabet, called kay and written in the Latin script.
* The first letter of callsigns allocated to American broadcast television and radio stations west of the Mississippi river.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

#### Number

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The ordinal number eleventh, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called kay and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

From kilo-.

#### Noun

k (plural ks or k's)
* (computing) A kilobyte (more formally KB or kB).
* (computing) A kilobit (more formally kb), especially in measuring Internet connection.
* (colloquial) kilometre or kilometres.
    We drove 15 ks before we realised Billy wasn't in the back seat.
* (colloquial) thousand or thousands.
    Just about 65 k of Jack's full salary comes from servicing the Baker account.
* The SI measurement value of 1,000

##### Derived terms

* 401k, 401(k)
* 56k
* k-adic
* k-adic notation
* k-algebra
* k-anonymity
* k-cell
* k-d tree
* k-essence
* k-line
* k-means clustering
* k-rad
* k-style
* k-value
* k-word

### Etymology 3

Clipping of OK.

#### Interjection

k
* (colloquial, text messaging, Internet slang) OK
    Synonym: 'kay

##### Usage notes

"k" usually implies apathy or anger towards the statement it is responding to, in a less emphatic way than "K".

##### Derived terms

* kk

#### References

* ↑ “Youthsplaining: You’ve Been Texting the Word “Okay” Wrong”, in Inside Hook, 2019 July 19

### Etymology 4

Abbreviations.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of can.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of come and inflections coming, came.
* (Stenoscript) the prefix con- or com-.

#### Usage notes

* Phonetically, /k/ is always ⟨k⟩. ⟨c⟩ is used for /tʃ/.

## Afar
### Letter

k
* The seventh letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, T t, S s, E e, C c, K k, X x, I i, D d, Q q, R r, F f, G g, O o, L l, M m, N n, U u, W w, H h, Y y

## Ainu
### Etymology

Contraction of ku.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [k]

### Pronoun

k= (Kana spelling ㇰ)
* (Saru, before vowels) I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

#### Usage notes

Used before verbs and adjectives to express the first person. When isolated, kuani is used. They can also be used together, thus:
    Kuani k=arpa wa ku=ye. ― I will go and tell him.

### See also

1. Saru dialect

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /c/, /ç/, /k/

### Letter

k lower case (upper case K)
* The sixteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka/, [ka]

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Basque alphabet, called ka and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈka]

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Catalan alphabet, called ca and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lletres; A a (À à), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ï ï), J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of k – see K (“karaoke; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of K).

## Chipewyan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰ/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech k, from Proto-Slavic *kъ(n).

### Pronunciation

* (before a vowel or a voiceless consonant) IPA: [k]
* (before a voiced consonant) IPA: [ɡ]
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

k [with dative]
* to, toward, towards (movement towards a person)
    Šel jsem si k bratrovi pro půjčku. ― I went to my brother for a loan.
    Měla bys jít k lékařovi. ― You should go to a doctor.
* to (in the direction of rather than a destination)
    V jedné chvíli jsem si uvědomila, že jdu směrem k domu. ― At some point, i found myself walking towards the house.
* to, up to
    takže jsem vstala a šla k oknu. ― So I got up and I went to the window.
    Od nevyšších k nejnižším. ― From the highest to the lowest.
* for, to (purpose)
    Co si dáš k obědu? ― What will you have for lunch?
    něco k jídlu. ― Something to eat.
    všechno zlé je k něčemu dobré. ― Everything bad is good for something.

#### Usage notes

This preposition is followed by the dative case.

#### Synonyms

* ke
* ku

### Further reading

* “k”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “k”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Dutch
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aː
* (letter name): IPA: /kaː/

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* Previous letter: j
* Next letter: l

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

k
* (text messaging) Nonstandard form of 'k.

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ko/
* (phoneme): IPA: /k/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The fifteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called ko and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

### Conjunction

k
* Abbreviation of kaj (“and”).
** 1938, Alardo Prats, translated by Pario, Fronto k Postfronto de Aragonio, page 24:Io mortis en Hispanio k io ega k brilega naskiĝis.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1948, Gaston Waringhien, Leteroj de L.-L. Zamenhof: La Tragedio de Lia Vivo Rivelita de Lia Ĵus Retrovita Korespondo kun la Francaj Eminentuloj, Edlonis S.A.T., →OCLC, page 9:Cetere li bone konsciis sian valoron, tiris el ĝi orgojlon, kompleze flegadis sian « mi », k rapide senpacienciĝis, se li renkontis kontraŭulon, kiu rifuzis lasi sin persvadi de liaj rezonoj.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2003 January 13, Sebastian Hartwig, “Re: 'Ghisdate pri Esperanto' hodiau en la boksmala”, in soc.culture.esperanto‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2017-05-17:SAS estas ja nur aerkompanio de tiuj tri landoj. (Ferooj k Gr(o)enlando apartenas al Danio, Islando havas propran kompanion Loftleidir (krom pli nova Viking Air).)SAS is really just an airline of those three countries. (the Faroe Islands and Greenland belong to Denmark, Iceland has its own company Loftleidir (besides a newer Viking Air).)

#### Synonyms

* (text messaging) K

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑː/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Estonian alphabet, called kaa and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰ/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The thirteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

## Finnish
### Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and k for information on the development of the glyph itself.

### Pronunciation

* Audio; “koo, kukka, osake, koo”:(file)

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Finnish alphabet, called koo and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

### Noun

k
* (housing) Abbreviation of keittiö (“kitchen”).

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Fula
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

## Gothic
### Romanization

k
* Romanization of 𐌺

## Hawaiian
### Alternative forms

* (letter name) kē

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ˈkeː/
* (phoneme) [k ~ t]

### Letter

k
* The seventh letter of the Hawaiian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a (Ā ā), E e (Ē ē), I i (Ī ī), O o (Ō ō), U u (Ū ū), H h, K k, L l, M m, N n, P p, W w, ʻ

## Heiltsuk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /cʰ/ ([cᶜ̧])

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Heiltsuk alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, A̓ a̓, B b, C c, C̓ c̓, D d, Ꟛ ꟛ, G g, Gv gv, Ǧ ǧ, Ǧv ǧv, H h, H̓ h̓, Ħ ħ, I i, Í í, I̓ i̓, K k, Kv kv, K̓ k̓, K̓v k̓v, L l, ʼL l̓, Ḷ ḷ, Ḷ́ ḷ́, ʼḶ ḷ̓, Ɫ ɫ, M m, ʼM m̓, Ṃ ṃ, Ṃ́ ṃ́, ʼṂ ṃ̓, N n, ʼN n̓, Ṇ ṇ, Ṇ́ ṇ́, ʼṆ ṇ̓, P p, P̓ p̓, Q q, Qv qv, Q̓ q̓, Q̓v q̓v, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Ƛ ƛ, Ƛ̓ ƛ̓, U u, Ú ú, U̓ u̓, W w, ʼW w̓, X x, Xv xv, X̌ x̌, X̌v x̌v, Y y, ʼY y̓, Z z, ʔ

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: [ˈk]
* (letter name): IPA: [ˈkaː]

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eighteenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called ká and written in the Latin script.

#### Declension
### See also

* (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

### Further reading

* k in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The fourteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* (context pronunciation) IPA: /k/
* (letter name) IPA: /ke/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ka/
* (phoneme): IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Italian
### Letter

k f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case K)
* the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet, called cappa or kappa in Italian

#### Usage notes

* The letter K is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. See under K.

## Kankanaey
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog k. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English k.

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /kej/ [k̠ei̯]
** Rhymes: -ej
* (phoneme) IPA: /k/ [k̠̚]

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called key and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### References

* Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

## Kashubian
### Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and k for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The fifteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, Ã ã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

## Kiowa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰ/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Kiowa alphabet.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ai ai, Au au, Aui aui, B̶ b̶, B b, D̶ d̶, D d, E e, G̶ g̶, G g, H h, I i, K k, Kʼ kʼ, L l, M m, N n, n̶, O o, Oi oi, P p, Pʼ pʼ, S s, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ui ui, W w, Y y, Z z, ꞉

## Latin
### Letter

k
* The tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Latvian
### Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [k]
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The sixteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called kā and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Letters of the Latvian alphabet:
    burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

## Livonian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The sixteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

### Etymology 1
#### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The fifteenth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called ka and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *kъ(n).

#### Alternative forms

* ku (before ch, g, and k)

#### Preposition

k (with dative)
* to

### See also

* See Template:list:Latin script letters/dsb.

## Lushootseed
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /k/

### Letter

k
* The seventeenth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a voiceless velar stop.

## Malay
### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/
* IPA: /ɡ/ (per assimilation to a following voiced obstruent)

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The fifteenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

## Navajo
### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á, Ą ą, Ą́ ą́), B b, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e (É é, Ę ę, Ę́ ę́), G g, Gh gh, H h, Hw hw, X x, I i (Í í, Į į, Į́ į́), J j, K k, Kʼ kʼ, Kw kw, ʼ, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n (Ń ń), O o (Ó ó, Ǫ ǫ, Ǫ́ ǫ́), S s, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tł tł, Tłʼ tłʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## North Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰ~k] (generally)
* IPA: [ɡ̊] (Sylt, when intervocalic in an unstressed syllable)

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* A letter of the North Frisian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (North Frisian letters): a, ä, å, ā, b, c, d, đ, e, ē, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, ö, p, r, s, t, u, ü, v, w (q, x, y, z)

## Norwegian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /kɔː/
* (phoneme): IPA: /k/, /ç/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

k
* The eleventh letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* When written before j, k and j merge into voiceless palatal fricative, the ch sound in German ich.

## Nupe
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The thirteenth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## Old Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /k/
* IPA: (15th CE) /k/

### Preposition

k [with dative]
* Alternative form of ku

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “k”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Polish
### Etymology 1

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and k for development of the glyph itself.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka/

#### Letter

k (upper case K, lower case)
* The fourteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called ka and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

#### Preposition

k [with dative]
* Middle Polish form of ku

### Further reading

* k in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
* kkk (Internet laugh)

## Romani
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* (International Standard) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
* (Pan-Vlax) The fifteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The fourteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ca or capa and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

Used only in loanwords and some proper nouns.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

See Translingual section.

#### Alternative forms

* K (uppercase)

#### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /k/

#### Letter

k (Cyrillic spelling к)
* The 15th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by j and followed by l.

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *kom.

#### Alternative forms

* ka (see usage notes)

#### Preposition

k (Cyrillic spelling к) (+ dative case)
* to
* towards

##### Usage notes

Although both k and ka can be used synonymously, k must take the alternative form ka in the following environment:
* before /k, g, h/:
    ka kući ― to/towards home
    ka gradu ― to/towards the city
    ka hladu ― to/towards the shade
* before consonant clusters with emphasis on /k, g, h/:
    ka školi ― to/towards school
    ka zgradi ― to/towards the building
    ka hladu ― to/towards the shade

##### Synonyms

* ka (see usage notes)

## Silesian
### Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and k for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The thirteenth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ã ã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ŏ ŏ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

## Skolt Sami
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The eighteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a, Â â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

## Slovak
### Alternative forms

* ku

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъ(n).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [k]

### Preposition

k
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Further reading

* “k”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (phoneme) /k/
* IPA: (letter name) /ˈka/ [ˈka]
** Audio:(file)
** Rhymes: -a

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈke/ [ˈke]
* Rhymes: -e

#### Conjunction

k
* (slang) Abbreviation of que.

#### Pronoun

k
* (slang) Abbreviation of que.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka/ [ˈka]
* Rhymes: -a

#### Adjective

k
* (Argentina) Alternative letter-case form of K: kirchnerista
    Antonyms: anti-K, antikirchnerista

## Swedish
### Pronunciation
#### Letter name

* IPA: /koː/

#### Phoneme

* IPA: /k/, /ɕ/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Swedish alphabet, called kå and written in the Latin script. Pronounced /k/ in front of a, o, u and å and /ɕ/ in front of e, i, y, ä and ö (some loan words might ignore this rule).

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish k. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English k.
* Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜃ (ka).
* Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish k.
The use of ⟨k⟩ instead of using the Spanish-based ⟨c⟩ and ⟨q⟩ was promoted in the late 19th century primarily by the educated (such as José Rizal and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera) because of the Baybayin character primarily being applicable to all vowels, as well as the ease of usage with Tagalog grammar rules. Its order in the Abakada alphabet was due to the order of the similar sounding ⟨c⟩ in the Spanish alphabet.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈkej/ [ˈkeɪ̯] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -ej
** IPA: /ˈka/ [ˈka] (letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
*** Rhymes: -a
** IPA: /k/ [k] (phoneme)
** IPA: /k/ [x] (phoneme, intervocalic)

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K, Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜌ᜔)
* The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called key and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K, Baybayin spelling ᜃ)
* The third letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called ka and written in the Latin script.
* (historical) The twelfth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called ka and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

From English k, clipping of OK.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kej/ [keɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -ej

#### Interjection

k (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜌ᜔)
* (Internet slang, text messaging) OK

### Etymology 3

From the Abakada alphabet letter k being pronounced as ka.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ka/ [kɐ]
* Rhymes: -a

#### Pronoun

k (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)
* (Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of ka: you; u
    Nasan k na?Where are u?

### Further reading

* “k”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Thomas, Megan C. (2007) “K Is for De-Kolonization: Anti-Colonial Nationalism and Orthographic Reform”, in Comparative Studies in Society and History‎, volume 49, number 4, →ISSN, pages 938–967

## Tlingit
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰ/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Canada:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
* US:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /c/, /k/
* (letter name): IPA: (standard) /ceː/, /kɑː/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The fourteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ke and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harf; A a (Â â), B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i (Î î), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u (Û û), Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Turkmen
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /k~q/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* The thirteenth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called ka and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kaː˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [kaː˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kaː˧˧]
* Phonetic spelling: ca

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French k.

#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The thirteenth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called ca and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* See Template:list:Latin script letters/vi.

### Etymology 2
#### Particle

k
* (slang, Internet, text messaging) Abbreviation of không.
    k ăn đâu ― I'm not eating

### Etymology 3
#### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* shorthand meaning nghìn
    bánh mì 3k ― bread selling for 3 thousand dong
    tặng 1K phần quà ― to give a thousand presents

## Yele
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k/

### Letter

k (upper case K)
* A letter of the Yele alphabet.

#### Derived terms

* The digraph ⟨km⟩ transcribes the single consonant /k͡pŋ͡m/
* The digraph ⟨kn⟩ transcribes the single consonant /kŋ/
* The digraph ⟨kp⟩ transcribes the single consonant /k͡p/
Palatalized consonants are written ⟨kpy, ky⟩, labialized consonants as ⟨knw, kw⟩.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, â, b, Ch ch, D d, e, é, ê, Gh gh, i, î, j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, o, ó, P p, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, ꞉

## Yoruba
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /k/
* (letter name): IPA: /kí/

### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The twelfth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called kí and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
* (Benin)
* (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

## Zulu
### Letter

k (lower case, upper case K)
* The eleventh letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z