# 小暑
## Chinese

* 小暑 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 小暑 (Cantonese)
* Séu-chhú (Hakka)
* Siēu-sṳ̄ (Eastern Min)
* Siáu-sú (Southern Min)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): Xiǎoshǔ
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiao$^3$ su$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^2$ syu$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): xieu$^3$ xy$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Séu-chhú
    (Hailu, HRS): siau$^ˊ$ chu$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau$^3$ cu$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xiau$^2$ su$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): Siǎu-sṳ̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): Siēu-sṳ̄
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo$^3$ sy$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Siáu-sú / Siáu-sír / Siáu-sí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siou$^2$ su$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$shiau-sy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): siau$^3$ xy$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Xiǎoshǔ [Phonetic: xiáoshǔ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Siǎoshǔ
*** Wade–Giles: Hsiao$^3$-shu$^3$
*** Yale: Syǎu-shǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Sheaushuu
*** Palladius: Сяошу (Sjaošu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$小暑 小鼠
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xiao$^3$ su$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiaosu
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiau⁵³ su⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^2$ syu$^2$
*** Yale: síu syú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^2$ sy$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^2$ xu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯³⁵ syː³⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$小暑 小鼠
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: xieu$^3$ xy$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɛu²¹³⁻²⁴ ɕy²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Séu-chhú
*** Hakka Romanization System: seu$^ˋ$ cu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: seu$^3$ cu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /seu̯³¹ t͡sʰu³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: siau$^ˊ$ chu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /siau²⁴⁻³³ t͡ʃʰu²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xiau$^3$ cu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /siau³¹ t͡sʰu³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xiau$^2$ su$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiau⁵³⁻¹¹ su⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Siǎu-sṳ̿
*** Sinological IPA : /siau²¹ sy³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Siēu-sṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /sieu³³⁻³⁵ $^{(s-)}$ly³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^3$ sy$^3$ [Phonetic: sieo$^5$ ly$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Sâ̤u-sṳ̂
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu⁴⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(ɬ-)}$ly⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^3$ sy$^3$ [Phonetic: sieo$^5$ ly$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu³³²⁻²¹ $^{(ɬ-)}$ly³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siáu-sú
*** Tâi-lô: Siáu-sú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siawsuo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siáu-sír
*** Tâi-lô: Siáu-sír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siáu-sí
*** Tâi-lô: Siáu-sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siawsie
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siou$^2$ su$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sióu sú
*** Sinological IPA : /siou⁵²⁻³⁵ su⁵²⁻²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$shiau-sy
*** MiniDict: shiau$^去$ sy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$xiau-sr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ³³ sz̩⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: siau$^3$ xy$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /si̯ɒu̯⁴¹ ɕy⁴¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ɕi̯ɒu̯⁴¹ ɕy⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: sjewX syoX
Rime :
| Character | 小 | 暑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 私兆切 | 舒吕切 |
| Baxter | sjewX | syoX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siᴇu$^X$/ | /ɕɨʌ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɛu$^X$/ | /ɕiɔ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjæu$^X$/ | /ɕiɔ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /siaw$^X$/ | /ɕɨə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /siɛu$^X$/ | /ɕiɔ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭɛu$^X$/ | /ɕĭo$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ɛu$^X$/ | /ɕi̯wo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiǎo | shǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^2$ | syu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ewʔ s-tʰaʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*smewʔ hjaʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 小 | 暑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiǎo | shǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjew$^X$ › | ‹ syo$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ewʔ/ | /*s-tʰaʔ/ |
| English | small | heat |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 小 | 暑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13705 | 17014 |
| Phonetic component | 小 | 者 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 小 | |
| Old Chinese | /*smewʔ/ | /*hjaʔ/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象沙而指小， 指事字 | |

### Proper noun

小暑
* Lesser Heat (the 11th of the 24 solar terms)
* the day marking the beginning of the 11th solar term (July 6, 7, or 8)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 小暑(しょうしょ) (shōsho)
* → Korean: 소서(小暑) (soseo)
* → Vietnamese: Tiểu thử (小暑)

### See also

* 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
** Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
** Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
** Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)

### References

* “小暑”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “Entry #655”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 小 | 暑 |
| しょう Grade: 1 | しょ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 小暑 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Middle Chinese 小暑 (siᴇu$^X$ ɕɨʌ$^X$).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーしょ [shóꜜòshò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːɕo̞]

### Proper noun

小(しょう)暑(しょ) • (Shōsho)
* Lesser Heat (the 11th of the 24 solar terms)

### See also

* 二(に)十(じゅう)四(し)節(せっ)気(き) (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun), 雨(う)水(すい) (Usui), 啓(けい)蟄(ちつ) (Keichitsu), 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (Shunbun), 清(せい)明(めい) (Seimei), 穀(こく)雨(う) (Kokuu)
** Summer: 立(りっ)夏(か) (Rikka), 小(しょう)満(まん) (Shōman), 芒(ぼう)種(しゅ) (Bōshu), 夏(げ)至(し) (Geshi), 小(しょう)暑(しょ) (Shōsho), 大(たい)暑(しょ) (Taisho)
** Autumn: 立(りっ)秋(しゅう) (Risshū), 処(しょ)暑(しょ) (Shosho), 白(はく)露(ろ) (Hakuro), 秋(しゅう)分(ぶん) (Shūbun), 寒(かん)露(ろ) (Kanro), 霜(そう)降(こう) (Sōkō)
** Winter: 立(りっ)冬(とう) (Rittō), 小(しょう)雪(せつ) (Shōsetsu), 大雪(たいせつ) (Taisetsu), 冬(とう)至(じ) (Tōji), 小(しょう)寒(かん) (Shōkan), 大寒(だいかん) (Daikan)

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “小暑”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 小 | 暑 |

### Noun

小暑 • (soseo) (hangeul 소서)
* hanja form of 소서

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 小 | 暑 |

### Proper noun

小暑
* chữ Hán form of Tiểu thử.

### See also

* Hai mươi tư tiết khí (𠄩𨒒四節氣, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: Lập xuân (立春)、Vũ thủy (雨水)、Kinh trập (驚蟄)、Xuân phân (春分)、Thanh minh (清明)、Cốc vũ (穀雨)
** Summer: Lập hạ (立夏)、Tiểu mãn (小滿)、Mang chủng (芒種)、Hạ chí (夏至)、Tiểu thử (小暑)、Đại thử (大暑)
** Autumn: Lập thu (立秋)、Xử thử (處暑)、Bạch lộ (白露)、Thu phân (秋分)、Hàn lộ (寒露)、Sương giáng (霜降)
** Winter: Lập đông (立冬)、Tiểu tuyết (小雪)、Đại tuyết (大雪)、Đông chí (冬至)、Tiểu hàn (小寒)、Đại hàn (大寒)