# 企鵝
## Chinese

* 企鵝 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 企鵝 (Cantonese)
* Khî-ngò (Hakka)
* Kié-ngò̤ (Eastern Min)
* Khiā-gô (Southern Min)

### Etymology

* (employee who does not work): From 行行企企 (haang$^4$ haang$^4$ kei$^5$ kei$^5$, “to walk around aimlessly and have nothing to do”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qǐ'é, qì'é
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄜˊ, ㄑㄧˋ ㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kei$^5$ ngo$^{4-2}$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khî-ngò
* Eastern Min (BUC): kié-ngò̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khí-gô / khì-gô
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gi$^6$ gho$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$chi-ngu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qǐ'é
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǐ-é
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^3$-o$^2$
*** Yale: chǐ-é
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiier
*** Palladius: циэ (cie)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qì'é
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ ㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cì-é
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^4$-o$^2$
*** Yale: chì-é
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiher
*** Palladius: циэ (cie)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ˀɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^5$ ngo$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: kéih ngó
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^5$ ngo$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^5$ ngo$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯¹³ ŋɔː²¹⁻³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khî-ngò
*** Hakka Romanization System: ki$^ˊ$ ngo$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ki$^1$ ngo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi²⁴ ŋo¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kié-ngò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰie²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋo⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-gô
*** Tâi-lô: khí-gô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qy'gooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡo²⁴/
** (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, dated in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khì-gô
*** Tâi-lô: khì-gô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qie'gooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ ɡo²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰi¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡo²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡɤ²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gi$^6$ gho$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĭ gô
*** Sinological IPA : /ki³⁵⁻¹¹ ɡo⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$chi-ngu
*** MiniDict: chi$^去$ ngu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$qi-ngu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰi³³ ŋu⁴⁴/

### Noun

企鵝
* penguin (Classifier: 隻／只 m c) [from 19th c.]
    From: 1864, 《智環啟蒙塾課初步》 [Graduated Reading; Comprising a Circle of Knowledge in 200 Lessons. Gradation 1], second edition, improved, lesson 64
    Qǐ'é yì xiǎo nán xíng, ér shànyú yóushuǐ. [Pinyin]
    the penguin has small wings, it walks badly, but swims well.
    From: 1905, H. Rider Haggard, translated by 林紓 [Lin Shu] and 魏易 [Wei Yi], 《玉雪留痕》 [Mr Meeson's Will], chapter 10
    Shí tiānqì lěng jué. Diékè rěn hán ér kū. Yǔyún fù jù. Suì bēn guī bǎnwū. Jì rù. Jìn bǐng. Bìng zhǔ qǐ'é zhī luǎn shí zhī. [Pinyin]
    It was very cold outside; so cold that the child cried, and the rain clouds were coming up fast, so she hurried back to the hut, and, together with Dick, made her breakfast off some biscuit and some roast penguin’s eggs, which were not at all bad eating. [original English] It was very cold then. Dick endured the cold and cried. The rain clouds gathered again, so [she] hurried back to the hut, and [they] both entered. [They] ate some biscuit, and [they] cooked the penguin’s eggs and ate them. [literal English translation]
    From: 1996, 劉墉 [Liu Yong], 《生生世世未了緣》, page 166
    Ér dāng xiǎo qì'é bèi fūchū, māma hái méi huílái shí, qì'é bàba zé tùchū zìjǐ de wèiyè, lái bǔyù háizi. [Pinyin]
    And when the little penguin hatches out and its mom has still not come back, the penguin dad would spit out his gastric juice and feed it to his child.
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) employee who does not work

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 企鵝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 企鵝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 企鵝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 企鵝 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 企鵝 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 企鵝 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 企鵝 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 企鵝 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 企鵝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 企鵝 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 徛鵝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 徛鵝 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 企鵝 |

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 企鵝(きが) (kiga)
Others:
* → Zhuang: gingoz

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 企 | 鵝 |
| き Grade: S | が Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

企(き)鵝(が) • (kiga)
* (rare) penguin

#### Synonyms

* 人鳥(じんちょう) (jinchō), ペンギン (pengin)