# 既望
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìwàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄨㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìwàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìwàng
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^4$-wang$^4$
*** Yale: jì-wàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jihwanq
*** Palladius: цзиван (czivan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɑŋ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$冀望 寄望
* Middle Chinese: kj+jH mjangH
Rime :
| Character | 既 | 望 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (20) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 居豙切 | 巫放切 |
| Baxter | kj+jH | mjangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨi$^H$/ | /mʉɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɨi$^H$/ | /mʷiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiəi$^H$/ | /miuɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɨj$^H$/ | /muaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kiəi$^H$/ | /miuaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭəi$^H$/ | /mĭwaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ke̯i$^H$/ | /miwaŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jì | wàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gei$^3$ | mong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ə[t]-s maŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯds maŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 既 | 望 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jì | wàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kjɨj$^H$ › | ‹ mjang$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ə[t]-s/ | /*maŋ-s/ |
| English | complete (v.) | look at from a distance |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 既 | 望 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5821 | 12686 |
| Phonetic component | 旡 | 亡 |
| Rime group | 隊 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 旣 | 妄 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯds/ | /*maŋs/ |

### Noun

既望
* (archaic, astronomy) sixteenth day of a Chinese calendar month
    From: Taiping Guangji (Extensive Records of the Taiping Era), 978 CE
    èryuè jìwàng yè [Pinyin]
    on the night of the 16th day of the second month

#### Coordinate terms

* 初吉 (chūjí)
* 既生霸 (jìshēngpò)
* 既死霸 (jìsǐpò)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 既(き)望(ぼう) (kibō)
* → Korean: 기망(既望) (gimang)
* → Vietnamese: ký vọng (既望), kí vọng (既望)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 既 | 望 |
| き Grade: S | ぼう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 既望 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きぼー [kíꜜbòò] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) きぼー [kìbóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲibo̞ː]

### Noun

既(き)望(ぼう) • (kibō)
* (archaic) waning moon
* the sixteenth night of the lunar month

#### Coordinate terms

Lunar phases in Japanese · 月(げっ)相(そう) (gessō) :
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th |
| 新(にい)月(づき) (niizuki) 新(しん)月(げつ) (shingetsu) 朔(さく) (saku) 朔(さく)月(げつ) (sakugetsu) 月(つき)立(たち) (tsukitachi) | 二(ふつ)日(か)月(づき) (futsukazuki) 繊(せん)月(げつ) (sengetsu) 既(き)朔(さく) (kisaku) | 三(み)日(か)月(づき) (mikazuki) 若(わか)月(づき) (wakazuki) 眉(び)月(げつ) (bigetsu) 眉(まゆ)月(づき) (mayuzuki) | 四(よっ)日(か)月(づき) (yokkazuki) | 五(いつ)日(か)月(づき) (itsukazuki) |
| 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th |
| 六(むい)日(か)月(づき) (muikazuki) | 七(なの)日(か)月(づき) (nanokazuki) | 八(よう)日(か)月(づき) (yōkazuki) | 九(く)夜(や)月(づき) (kuyazuki) 九(ここの)日(か)月(つき) (kokonokatsuki) | 十(とう)日(かん)夜(や)の月(つき) (tōkan'ya no tsuki) |
| 十(とう)日(かん)夜(や)の月(つき) (tōkan'ya no tsuki) ||
| 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th |
| 十(じゅう)一(いち)日(にち)月(づき) (jūichinichizuki) | 十(じゅう)二(に)日(にち)月(づき) (jūninichizuki) | 十(じゅう)三(さん)夜(や) (jūsan'ya) | 十(じゅう)四(よっ)日(か)月(づき) (jūyokkazuki) 小(こ)望(もち)月(づき) (komochizuki) 幾(き)望(ぼう) (kibō) 待(まつ)宵(よい)月(づき) (matsuyoizuki) | 十(じゅう)五(ご)夜(や) (jūgoya) 十(じゅう)五(ご)夜(や)の月(つき) (jūgoya no tsuki) 望(ぼう) (bō) 望(もち)月(づき) (mochizuki) 満(まん)月(げつ) (mangetsu) 三(さん)五(ご)の月(つき) (sango no tsuki) |
| 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th |
| 十六夜(いざよい) (izayoi) 十六夜(いざよい)の月(つき) (izayoi no tsuki) 既(き)望(ぼう) (kibō) 猶予(いざよう)月(つき) (izayōtsuki) | 立(たち)待(まち)月(づき) (tachimachizuki) | 居(い)待(まち)月(づき) (imachizuki) | 寝(ね)待(まち)月(づき) (nemachizuki) 臥(ふし)待(まち)月(づき) (fushimachizuki) | 二十(はつ)日(か)月(づき) (hatsukazuki) 更(ふけ)待(まち)月(づき) (fukemachizuki) 亥(い)中(なか)の月(つき) (inaka no tsuki) |
| 21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)一(いち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūichinichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)二(に)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūninichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)三(さん)夜(や) (nijūsan'ya) 二(に)十(じゅう)三(さん)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūsannichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)四(よ)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūyonichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)五(ご)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūgonichizuki) |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)五(ご)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūgonichizuki) ||
| 26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)夜(や) (nijūrokuya) 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūrokunichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūshichinichizuki) | 明(あ)けの三(み)日(か)月(づき) (ake no mikazuki) | 明(あ)けの三(み)日(か)月(づき) (ake no mikazuki) | 三十(みそ)日(か) (misoka) 三十(みそ)日(か)月(づき) (misokazuki) |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)夜(や) (nijūrokuya) 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūrokunichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūshichinichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūhachinichizuki) | 晦(つごもり) (tsugomori) | 晦(つごもり) (tsugomori) |
| Others |||||
| After 16th | In rain | | | |
| 残(ざん)月(げつ) (zangetsu) 有(あり)明(あけ)の月(つき) (ariake no tsuki) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(つき) (ariaketsuki) 有(あり)明(あけ) (ariake) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(づく)夜(よ) (ariakezukuyo) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(づき)夜(よ) (ariakezukiyo) 昼(ひる)の月(つき) (hiru no tsuki) 暁(あかつき)月(づく)夜(よ) (akatsukizukuyo) 暁(あかとき)月(づく)夜(よ) (akatokizukuyo) 暁(あかつき)月(づき)夜(よ) (akatsukizukiyo) 暁(あかつき)月(づき) (akatsukizuki) 暁(あかとき)月(づき) (akatokizuki) 暁(ぎょう)月(げつ) (gyōgetsu) | 雨(あま)夜(よ)の月(つき) (amayo no tsuki) | | | |

### References

* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “既望”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 既 | 望 |

### Noun

既望 • (gimang) (hangeul 기망)
* hanja form of 기망

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 既 | 望 |

### Noun

既望
* chữ Hán form of ký vọng.