# 糞

| 糞 | U+7CDE, &#31966; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE |
| ← 糝 [U+7CDD] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 糟 → [U+7CDF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

糞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 9080$_1$, composition ⿱米異)

#### Derived characters

* 𡓴, 𢹔, 瀵, 𥽤, 𣠂, 𥽡, 䆏, 𫘚, 𣀲, 𫃘, 𱹩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
* Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
* Unihan data for U+7CDE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 糞
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 糞 | *pɯns |
| 瀵 | *pɯns, *pʰɯns |
Oracle bone: pictogram (象形): 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu).
Small seal: pictogram (象形): 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.
The current glyph is from the small seal script.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fèn (fen$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fen$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фын (fɨn, III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fiin$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fun / pun
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bun$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): feng$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): be̤̿ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): bóng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pùn / hùn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bung$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$fen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
*** Wade–Giles: fên$^4$
*** Yale: fèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
*** Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fən⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fen$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fen
*** Sinological IPA : /fən²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фын (fɨn, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /fəŋ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^3$
*** Yale: fan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fiin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun / pun
*** Hakka Romanization System: fun / bun
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fun$^4$ / bun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fun⁵⁵/, /pun⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pun⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: feng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /fəŋ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: be̤̿ng
*** Sinological IPA : /pœyŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bóng
*** Sinological IPA : /pouŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pùn / hùn
*** Tâi-lô: pùn / hùn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: puxn, huxn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pun⁴¹/, /hun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pun¹¹/, /hun¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/
* pùn - vernacular;
* hùn - literary.
* Middle Chinese: pjunH
Rime :
| Character | 糞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方問切 |
| Baxter | pjunH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨun$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piun$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuən$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pun$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /piuən$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuən$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯uən$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*p[u]r-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 糞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjun$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*p[u]r-s/ |
| English | manure, dirt |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 糞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3197 |
| Phonetic component | 糞 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 糞 |
| Old Chinese | /*pɯns/ |

### Definitions

糞
* excrement; faeces; dung
* manure
* (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
* (literary, or in compounds) to clear away

#### Synonyms

* (excrement):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 糞, 屎, 糞便, 大便, 大恭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 屎, 大外, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 大便, 屎 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 屎, 大便 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 屎, 大便 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 屎, 大糞, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 屎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 屎, 屎㞎㞎 childish |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 屎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 屎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 大便 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 屎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 屎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 屎, 泡克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 屎, 屎㞎衣兒, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎㞎 childish |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 㞎㞎, 屎, 大糞, 糞, 糟兒 slang, 米田共 argot |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎兒 childish |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 屎, 癟, 大便 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 屎 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屎, 茄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屎, 茄, 大便, 米田共 slang, 便便 childish, 唔唔 childish, 臭臭 childish, 坺坺 childish |
| Cantonese | Macau | 屎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 屎, 茄 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屎 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屎 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 屎 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屎 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屎 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 屎 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 屎 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屎, 大糞 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屎 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 屎 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 屎, 練 childish |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 屎 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 屎, 大便 GT |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 屎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 屎 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屎 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 惡, 大解 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 惡 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 惡 |
| Wu | Danyang | 屎 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 惡 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 惡 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 惡 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 惡 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Xiang | Loudi | 屎, 㞎㞎 childish |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 㞎㞎 childish |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |
* (to apply manure to):
* 上糞 / 上粪 (shàngfèn)
* 施肥 (shīféi)

#### See also

* 米田共 (mǐtiángòng)

### Compounds

* 佛頭著糞 / 佛头著粪
* 化糞池 / 化粪池 (huàfènchí)
* 底糞 / 底粪
* 扒糞的 / 扒粪的
* 拾糞人 / 拾粪人
* 擔糞 / 担粪
* 朽木糞土 / 朽木粪土
* 朽木糞牆 / 朽木粪墙 (xiǔmùfènqiáng)
* 視如糞土 / 视如粪土
* 糞便 / 粪便 (fènbiàn)
* 糞土 / 粪土 (fèntǔ)
* 糞坑 / 粪坑 (fènkēng)
* 糞壤 / 粪壤
* 糞壤窟室 / 粪壤窟室
* 糞夫 / 粪夫
* 糞棋 / 粪棋
* 糞汁 / 粪汁 (fènzhī)
* 糞球 / 粪球
* 糞窖子 / 粪窖子
* 糞筐 / 粪筐
* 糞箕 / 粪箕 (fènjī)
* 糞箕子 / 粪箕子 (fènjīzi)
* 糞肥 / 粪肥 (fènféi)
* 糞門 / 粪门 (fènmén)
* 糞除 / 粪除
* 糞青 / 粪青 (fènqīng)
* 背槽拋糞 / 背槽抛粪
* 著糞佛頭 / 著粪佛头
* 葉落糞本 / 叶落粪本
* 蠅糞點玉 / 蝇粪点玉
* 血糞 / 血粪
* 賤如糞土 / 贱如粪土
* 馬糞 / 马粪 (mǎfèn)
* 馬糞紙 / 马粪纸 (mǎfènzhǐ)
* 驢糞毬 / 驴粪球
* 鳥糞層 / 鸟粪层

### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: phân

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03073
* “糞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ふん (fun)
* Kan-on: ふん (fun)
* Kun: くそ (kuso, 糞)、ばば (baba, 糞)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 糞
* くそ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 屎 クソ
From Old Japanese, in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.
Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くそ [kùsóꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [kɯ̟̊so̞]

#### Noun

糞(くそ) • (kuso)
* (colloquial, often vulgar) feces, excrement
* (by extension, often vulgar) shit, crap, garbage, trash
    このノートパソコンはクソだ！
       Kono nōto pasokon wa kuso da!
       This laptop is shit!

##### Derived terms

* 糞(くそ)っ垂(た)れ (kusottare): dingleberry (vulgar epithet)
* 目(め)糞(くそ) (mekuso): rheum, eye mucus

##### Idioms

* 糞(くそ)の役(やく)にも立(た)たぬ (kuso no yaku ni mo tatanu, “not even good for shit”); see also 役(やく)に立(た)つ (yaku ni tatsu, “to be useful, to play a role”)

#### Interjection

糞(くそ) • (kuso)
* (often vulgar) shit, crap
    クソ！玄(げん)関(かん)の鍵(かぎ)をかけ忘(わす)れた！
       Kuso! Genkan no kagi o kake-wasureta!
       Shit! I forgot to lock the front door!

##### Usage notes

* This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

#### Prefix

糞(くそ) • (kuso-)
* (derogatory) pejorative prefix
    糞(くそ)爺(じじ)い
       kusojijī
       damn geezer

#### Suffix

糞(くそ) • (-kuso)
* crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
    下手(へた)糞(くそ)
       hetakuso
       crappy (bad at something), to be shit at doing something
    襤褸(ぼろ)糞(くそ)
       borokuso
       broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 糞
* ふん Hyōgai
* on'yomi
/pun/ → /fun/
From Middle Chinese 糞 (MC pjunH).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ふん [fúꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɸɯ̟̃ɴ]

#### Noun

糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun)
* droppings, dung
    ふれあい動(どう)物(ぶつ)園(えん)のモルモットが受(う)けるストレスを糞(ふん)中(ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推(すい)定(てい)する試(こころ)み
       fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi
       Non-invasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display

##### Usage notes

* This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
* This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 糞
* ばば Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 屎
Appears to derive from baby talk. Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ばば [bàbá] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) ばば [bàbáꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ba̠ba̠]

#### Noun

糞(ばば) • (baba)
* (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
* (childish) something unclean

##### Derived terms

* ばばっちい (babatchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
* ばっちい (batchii, “dirty”, childish, literally “poopy”)
* 猫(ねこ)糞(ばば) (nekobaba, literally “cat-poopoo”)

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))
* hanja form of 분 (“dung”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

糞: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.