# hinder
## English
### Alternative forms

* hindre (archaic)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English hindren, from Old English hindrian, from Proto-Germanic *hindrōną, *hinderōną (“to hinder”), from Proto-Germanic *hinder (“back”) (adverb). Cognate with Dutch hinderen and German hindern, Latin contra (“back, against”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhɪndə/
* (US) IPA: /ˈhɪndɚ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪndə(ɹ)

#### Verb

hinder (third-person singular simple present hinders, present participle hindering, simple past and past participle hindered)
* (transitive) To make difficult to accomplish; to act as an obstacle; to frustrate.
    Synonyms: delay, frustrate, hamper, impede, obstruct, prevent, thwart; see also Thesaurus:hinder
    Antonyms: assist, expedite, facilitate, help
    A drought hinders the growth of plants.
** 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 75, column 2:We doubt not of a faire and luckie Warre, / Since God ſo graciouſly hath brought to light / This dangerous Treaſon, lurking in our way, / To hinder our beginnings.
** 2011 December 10, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 1 – 0 Everton”, in BBC Sport‎, archived from the original on 5 December 2018:Arsenal were playing without a recognised full-back – their defence comprising four centre-halves – and the lack of width was hindering their progress.
* (ambitransitive) To delay or impede; to keep back, to prevent.
    Synonyms: bar, block, delay, hamper, impede, obstruct, restrain, stop
    Antonyms: aid, assist, help
    She hindered a man from committing suicide.
** c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii], page 28, column 1:Then let me goe, and hinder not my courſe: [...]
** 1689 December (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], “Who Heir?”, in Two Treatises of Government: […], London: […] Awnsham Churchill, […], →OCLC, book I, paragraph 142, pages 181–182:[I]f in thoſe days Cham and Japhet, and other Parents beſides the Eldest Son were Heads and Princes over their Families, and had a right to divide the Earth by Families, what hinders Younger Brothers, being Fathers of Families from having the ſame right, [...]
* (transitive, obsolete) To cause harm.

##### Derived terms

* hinderer
* hinderment
* hindersome
* hindrance
* unhindered

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

comparative form of hind: more hind

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhaɪn.də/
* (US) IPA: /ˈhaɪn.dɚ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪndə(ɹ)

#### Adjective

hinder (not comparable)
* Of or belonging to that part or end which is in the rear or hind, or which follows.
    the hinder end of a wagon
    the hinder parts of a horse
** 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:Let no man say that the Devil is not a cruel tyrant. He may give his folk some scrapings of unhallowed pleasure, but he will exact tithes, yea, of anise and cummin, in return, and there is aye the reckoning to pay at the hinder end.
** 1990, C. W. H. Havard, editor, Black's Medical Dictionary, 36th edition, page 673:On a line dividing the front two-thirds from the hinder one-third, and set in the shape of a V, is a row of seven to twelve large flat-topped circumvallate papillae, […]

#### Adjective

hinder
* comparative form of hind: more hind

##### Usage notes

Most current uses of this adjective occur in anatomical contexts.

##### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:hinder.

##### Synonyms

* (of or belonging to that part in the rear): back, hind, rear, posterior

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “of or belonging to that part in the rear”): fore, front

##### Related terms

* hind
* hindermost
* hindmost

##### Translations
#### Noun

hinder (plural hinders)
* (slang, euphemistic) The buttocks.
** 1997, Richard Laliberte, Stephen C. George, The Men's Health Guide to Peak Conditioning‎, →ISBN, page 195:Like martial arts, in-line skating is predicated on the notion that sooner or later you're going to end up on your hinder.

##### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:hinder.

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* herdin', hindre

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From the verb hindre (“to hinder”). Compare Swedish hinder, German Low German hinder, hinter, Dutch hinder.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /henˀ(d)ər/, [ˈhenˀɐ], [ˈhenˀd̥ɐ]

#### Noun

hinder n
* (obsolete) hindrance, obstacle, impediment, obstruction
    in the modern language only in the expression være til hinder (“to be in the way”)

##### Related terms

* hindre, hindring

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Alternative forms

* hinde

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /henˀər/, [ˈhenˀɐ]

#### Noun

hinder c
* indefinite plural of hind

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /henər/, [ˈhenɐ]

#### Noun

hinder c
* indefinite plural of hinde

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɦɪn.dər/
* Audio (Netherlands):(file)
* Hyphenation: hin‧der
* Rhymes: -ɪndər

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch hinder, from the verb hinderen.

#### Noun

hinder m (uncountable)
* hindrance, impediment, obstruction
    Hij ondervindt veel hinder van de chronische ziekte. ― He experiences much hindrance due to the chronic disease.

##### Derived terms

* geluidshinder

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

hinder
* inflection of hinderen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

hinder
* inflection of hindern:
** first-person singular present
** singular imperative

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French aider (“to help”).

### Verb

hinder
* (Saint-Domingue) to help
    Hinder nion monde dans bisoin. ― To help a person in need.

### References

* S.J Ducoeurjoly, Manuel des habitans de Saint-Domingue, contenant un précis de l'histoire de cette île

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse hindr.

### Noun

hinder n (definite singular hinderet or hindret, indefinite plural hinder or hindre, definite plural hindra or hindrene)
* obstacle, hindrance, impediment
* fence, jump, hurdle (in a competition)
* hurdles (athletics, race over hurdles)

### References

* “hinder” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “hinder” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse hindr.

### Noun

hinder n (definite singular hinderet, indefinite plural hinder, definite plural hindera)
* obstacle, hindrance, impediment
* fence, jump, hurdle (in a competition)
* hurdles (athletics, race over hurdles)

### References

* “hinder” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hinder (“behind, back”)

### Adverb

hinder
* back, behind, down

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hinder”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Swedish
### Etymology

Deverbal of hindra.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Sweden):(file)

### Noun

hinder n
* an obstacle, an obstruction
    Hästen hoppade över ett hinderThe horse jumped an obstacle
    En stor sten mitt i vägen är ett hinderA big rock in the middle of the road is an obstacle
* (figuratively) an obstacle, a barrier, a hindrance, a hurdle, etc.
    hinder för effektiv kommunikationbarriers to effective communication
    att stöta på hinderto run into obstacles
* (athletics) steeplechase
    3 000 m hinder ― 3000m steeplechase

#### Usage notes

* (for some cases): Recommendations against the use of this word in legal prose, together with suggested replacements, are found in Svarta listan : Ord och fraser som kan ersättas i författningsspråk (4th ed., 2011), published by the government of Sweden. The recommendations apply primarily to governmental texts; they may or may not apply to other legal prose.

#### Derived terms

* farthinder
* funktionshinder
* gränshinder
* handelshinder
* hinderbana
* hinderlöpning
* hindersprövning
* häckhinder
* ishinder
* konkurrenshinder
* rörelsehinder
* snöhinder
* stormhinder
* stridsvagnshinder
* taggtrådshinder
* trafikhinder
* tullhinder
* vandringshinder
* vattenhinder
* verkställighetshinder
* väghinder
* äktenskapshinder

#### Related terms

* förhinder
* hindra

### References

* hinder in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hinder in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hinder in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* hindra in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

### Anagrams

* hirden