# bede
## English
### Alternative forms

* bead

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /biːd/
* Rhymes: -iːd

### Etymology 1

From Middle English bēde (“prayer, request, supplication, order, command, rosary, bead”), from Old English ġebed (“prayer, petition, supplication, religious service, an ordinance”), from Proto-West Germanic *bed, from Proto-Germanic *bedą (“prayer, entreaty”). Cognate with Dutch gebed and bede, German Gebet.

#### Noun

bede (plural bedes)
* Prayer, request, supplication
** 1875 March, Lippincott's Magazine of Popular Literature and Science, volume 15, number 87:Thus originated the alms-(or bede-) houses so frequently met with in the retired villages of England.
** 1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:By Allah thy bede is good indeed and right is thy rede!
** 2008, Time to Ditch St. George:[…] because miracles had frequently been done at his burial-place, even at the bede-house where he was buried.
** 2011, Where Did Beaded Flowers Come From?:Because of the length of the original rosary, it became customary to pay someone, usually a resident of an almshouse, to recite the prayers. These people were referred to as bede women or men, and it was they who made the first bead flowers.
* Rosary.
** 1566, Sir David Lindsay, A Dialogue betweene Experience and a Courtier:In Pilgrimage from towne to towne: With offring and with Drilon: To them they bable on their bedes: That they may helpe them in their nedes.
** 1642, William Prynne, A Pleasant Purge, for a Roman Catholike, to Evacuate His Evill Humours, page 20:Or doe they use their Bedes alone to finde That tale of Paters which they seldome minde?
** 1870, William Morris, The Earthly Paradise:Towards a rude hermitage he made To fetch the priest unto his need, To bury her and say her bede
** 1910, Hilaire Belloc, “The Little Serving Maid”, in Verses, page 39:Then the Little Serving Maid She went and laid her down, With her cross and her bede, In her new courting gown.

### Etymology 2

From Middle English bēden (“to offer”), from Old English bēodan, from Proto-West Germanic *beudan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian biada, Old Saxon biodan (Low German beden), Dutch bieden, Old High German biotan (German bieten), Old Norse bjóða (Swedish bjuda (“command, show”)), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (anabiudan). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek πεύθομαι (peúthomai, “ask for”), Sanskrit बोधयति (bodhayati, “wake”), Old Church Slavonic бъдѣти (bŭděti) (Russian будить (buditʹ, “wake”)), Lithuanian budeti (“awake”). See also bid.

#### Verb

bede (third-person singular simple present bedes, present participle beding, simple past bade, past participle bode or boden)
* pray, offer, proffer
** 15th c., “Conspiracio [The Conspiracy]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 210, lines 208–209:Sir, a bargan bede I you, / by it if ye willSir, I offer you a bargain. Buy it if you like.
* request, demand, order, command, forbid
* proclaim, declare
** 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in, (please specify the book number), [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:A turnement were best to bede.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* present, counsel, advise, rede, exhort
** 1450, Merlin:They of londone […] boden hem to ben lyht of herte.

### Etymology 3

Unknown?

#### Noun

bede (plural bedes)
* (mining) A kind of pickaxe.

##### References

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. (See the entry for “bede”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
* Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, 1911
* Middle English Dictionary

### Anagrams

* Beed, Deeb, beed

## Danish
### Etymology 1

Via Middle Low German bēye from Latin bēta (“beet”). Compare also German Bete and English beet.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]

#### Noun

bede c (singular definite beden, plural indefinite beder)
* beet (the root plant Beta vulgaris)

##### Declension
#### References

* “bede,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 2

Either the Danish noun derives from a now-archaic verb bede (“to castrate, geld, wether”), which derives from Middle Low German böten, or the noun derives from a Middle Low German noun bete.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]

#### Noun

bede c (singular definite beden, plural indefinite beder)
* wether (a castrated ram)

##### Declension
#### References

* “bede,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse biðja, from Proto-Germanic *bidjaną (“to ask”). Cognate with Swedish be, bedja, English bid, Dutch bidden, and German bitten. The Germanic verb probably goes back to Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ-, cf. Polish żądać (“to demand”) and Ancient Greek θέσσασθαι (théssasthai, “to pray”).

#### Alternative forms

* be'

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beːˀ/, [ˈb̥eˀ] or (formal) IPA: /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]

#### Verb

bede (past tense bad, past participle bedt)
* (transitive) to ask, request (to demand something from someone, with the person as an object and with the preposition om + the thing asked for)
* (transitive) to beg, entreat, implore (to plead to someone about something, with the person as an object and with the preposition om + the thing asked for)
* (intransitive) to pray (to address a divinity, with the preposition til + the addressed divinity)

##### Conjugation

activepassive
present
beder
bedes
past
bad
(archaic) bades
infinitive
bede
bedes
imperative
bed
participle
present
bedende
past
bedt (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
beden :

#### References

* “bede,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 4

From Old Norse beita (“to let graze, rest”), from Proto-Germanic *baitijaną, cognate with Norwegian beite (English bait is borrowed from Old Norse). A causative of the verb *bītaną (“to bite”) (cf. Danish bide).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]

#### Verb

bede (past tense bedede, past participle bedet)
* (dated) to make a halt, take a rest

##### Conjugation

activepassive
present
beder
bedes
past
bedede
bededes
infinitive
bede
bedes
imperative
bed
participle
present
bedende
past
bedet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
beden :

#### References

* “bede,4” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beːðə/, [ˈb̥eðð̩]

#### Noun

bede n pl
* indefinite plural of bed

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch bede, from Old Dutch beda. See the verb bidden.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbeː.də/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧de
* Rhymes: -eːdə

### Noun

bede f (plural beden or bedes, diminutive bedetje n)
* plea
* (historical) a tax that was presented to lower-level governments as a petition for a lump sum; raising the tax was left to the lower-level governments
* (archaic) a prayer

#### Derived terms

* bededag
* bedehuis
* bedevaart
* smeekbede
* voorbede

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Old Dutch beda, from Proto-Germanic *bedō.

#### Noun

bēde f
* prayer
* plea, request

##### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

##### Descendants

* Dutch: bede
** Afrikaans: bede

### Etymology 2
#### Determiner

bêde
* (Flemish) Alternative form of beide

##### Inflection

This determiner needs an inflection-table template.

### Further reading

* “bede”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “bede (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* bed, beed, beode, bode, boede
* (early) ȝebed, ibæd, ibed

### Etymology

From Old English ġebedu, plural of ġebed (“prayer”), from Proto-West Germanic *gabed; reinforced by Old English bedu (“request”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɛːd(ə)/

### Noun

bede (plural bedes or beden)
* prayer (the act of supplication)
* prayer (a supplication)
* A command or order.
* A bead from a rosary.
* (by extension) Any bead.

#### Related terms

* bedeman

#### Descendants

* English: bead (bede)
* Scots: bead, bede, beid

#### References

* “bēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* “ibēd(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Danish bede.

### Verb

bede (imperative bed, present tense beder, passive bedes, simple past bad, past participle bedt, present participle bedende)
* (archaic) to ask; request
* to pray

#### Synonyms

* be

### References

* “bede” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse biðja.

### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /²beːə/

#### Verb

bede (present tense bed, past tense bad, past participle bede or bedd or bedt, present participle bedande, imperative bed)
* Alternative form of beda

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /²bɛːə/

#### Participle

bede
* past participle of beda

### References

* “bede” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Noun

bede
* inflection of bedu:
** accusative/genitive/dative singular
** nominative/accusative plural

## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* beide

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bai, whence also Old Norse báðir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbeː.de/

### Adjective

bēde
* both

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: beide, bēde
** German: beide
** Yiddish: ביידע (beyde)

### References

* Joseph Wright, An Old High-German Primer with Grammar, Notes and Glossary, Oxford, 1888, p. 143.

## Old Irish
### Verb

bede
* second-person plural present subjunctive of is

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

Compare German beten. Related to English bead.

### Verb

bede
* to pray

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

bede (Cyrillic spelling беде)
* genitive singular of beda