# California
## English
### Etymology

Probably Spanish after California, a Utopian island of the Amazons described in Las sergas de Esplandián, a 16th-century Spanish novel. The name comes from the fictional island's Muslim-allied queen, Calafia, whose name is a play on Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “caliph”). For more information see: Etymology of California.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌkæ.lɪˈfoɹ.njə/, /ˌkæ.lɪˈfoɹ.ni.ə/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌkæ.lɪˈfɔː.ni.ə/, /-njə/
* (without the horse–hoarse merger)
** (rhotic) IPA: /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔɹ.njə/
** (non-rhotic) IPA: /ˌkæl.ɪˈfɔː.njə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (Texas):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)niə
* Hyphenation: Cal‧i‧for‧nia

### Proper noun

California (countable and uncountable, plural Californias)
* The most populous state of the United States. Capital: Sacramento. Largest city: Los Angeles.
    Synonyms: (abbreviation) CA, (slang) Cali, (derogatory) Commiefornia
** 1971, Joni Mitchell (lyrics and music), “California”, in Blue:But my heart cried out for you, California / Oh, California, I'm coming home
* (chiefly historical) A region on the west coast of North America comprising the US state of California and the Baja California peninsula in Mexico; historically also including other areas in Alta California and Baja California.
* Several places in the United States.
** A census-designated place in Maryland.
** A borough of Pennsylvania.
** A city, the county seat of Moniteau County, Missouri.
** A neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio.
** A city in Campbell County, Kentucky.
** A neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky.
** A village in Maine.
** A ghost town in West Virginia.
* Several places in England:
** A village in Berkshire.
** A neighbourhood of Birmingham, West Midlands (OS grid ref SP0182).
** An area of Derby, Derbyshire.
** A district of Ipswich, Suffolk.
** A hamlet in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.
** An outer suburb of Dunstable, Bedfordshire (OS grid ref TL0120).
** A coastal resort in Ormesby St Margaret with Scratby civil parish, Great Yarmouth borough, Norfolk (OS grid ref TG5115)..
* A community of Ontario, Canada.
* A town in the Santander department, Colombia.
* A town in the Usulután department, El Salvador.
* A neighborhood of Casablanca, Morocco.
* A barangay of Barotac Viejo, Iloilo, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Bugnay, California, De la Peña, Del Pilar, General Luna, La Fortuna, Lipata, Natividad, Nueva Invencion, Nueva Sevilla, Poblacion, Puerto Princesa, Rizal, San Antonio, San Fernando, San Francisco, San Geronimo, San Juan, San Lucas, San Miguel, San Roque, Santiago, Santo Domingo, Santo Tomas, Ugasan, Vista Alegre — barangays of Barotac Viejo
* A barangay of Ubay, Bohol, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Achila, Bay-ang, Benliw, Biabas, Bongbong, Bood, Buenavista, Bulilis, Cagting, Calanggaman, California, Camali-an, Camambugan, Casate, Cuya, Fatima, Gabi, Governor Boyles, Guintabo-an, Hambabauran, Humayhumay, Ilihan, Imelda, Juagdan, Katarungan, Lomangog, Los Angeles, Pag-asa, Pangpang, Poblacion, San Francisco, San Isidro, San Pascual, San Vicente, Sentinila, Sinandigan, Tapal, Tapon, Tintinan, Tipolo, Tubog, Tuboran, Union, Villa Teresita — barangays of Ubay
* A village in Stirlingshire, Scotland.
* A town in Trinidad and Tobago.
* University of California, Berkeley.

#### Derived terms

* Alta California
* Baja California
* CA
* CalArts
* californate
* California bankroll
* California barberry
* California blackberry
* California blanket
* California bungalow
* California burger
* California butterclam
* California buttercup
* California Channel Island fox
* California City
* California condor
* California cooler
* California corbina
* California corn flakes
* California Creek
* California Current
* California dewberry
* California dogface butterfly
* California effect
* California fan palm
* California fuchsia
* California grass
* California hazelnut
* California holly
* California Hot Springs
* California Jack
* California kilowatt
* California king
* California kingsnake
* California laurel
* California-like
* Californialike
* California minute
* California mugwort
* Californian
* California newt
* Californianization
* Californianize
* California pepper tree
* California Pines
* California pitcher plant
* California pizza
* California plum
* California poppy
* California quail
* California rabbit tobacco
* California roll
* California sea lion
* California smoothtongue
* California Spangled Cat
* California stop
* California-style pizza
* California sycamore
* Californiation
* California valley quail
* California woodpecker
* Californication
* californite
* californium
* daughter from California syndrome
* Gulf of California
* Norcal
* pride of California
* Socal
* Southern California

#### Related terms

* Dalifornia

#### Translations
### See also

Divisions of the United States of America in English (layout · text) :
* States: Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming
* Federal district: Washington, D.C.
* Territories: American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands

### Further reading

* California on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Etymology of California
* California on Wikiquote.Wikiquote
* California on Wikivoyage.Wikivoyage
* Category:California on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

### Anagrams

* Fornicalia

## Central Nahuatl
### Proper noun

California
* California (The most populous state of the United States)

## Danish
### Proper noun

California (genitive Californias)
* Alternative form of Californien

## Galician
### Proper noun

California
* California (The most populous state of the United States)

#### Related terms

* californiano

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English California.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.liˈfɔr.nja/
* Rhymes: -ɔrnja
* Hyphenation: Ca‧li‧fòr‧nia

### Proper noun

California f
* California (The most populous state of the United States)

## Latin
### Etymology

New Latin, borrowed from Spanish California.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ka.liˈfor.ni.a/, [kälʲɪˈfɔrniä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ka.liˈfor.ni.a/, [käliˈfɔrniä]

### Proper noun

California f sg (genitive Californiae); first declension
* (New Latin) California (The most populous state of the United States)
    California regiō magna est. ― California is a big region.

#### Declension

First-declension noun, singular only.

#### Derived terms

* californiānus
* californicus

## Romanian
### Proper noun

California f
* California (The most populous state of the United States)

#### Related terms

* californian

## Spanish
### Etymology

First attested in Montalvo's Las sergas de Esplandián as the name of Calafia's monarchy. A name invented by the author to remind Spanish readers of the recent Reconquista, probably based on califa (“caliph”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaliˈfoɾnja/ [ka.liˈfoɾ.nja]
* Rhymes: -oɾnja
* Syllabification: Ca‧li‧for‧nia

### Proper noun

California f
* California (The most populous state of the United States)
* A town in the Usulután department, El Salvador

#### Derived terms

* Alta California
* Baja California
* Baja California Sur
* californiano
* californio
* colín de California
* liebre de California

### References

* Putnam, Ruth (1917). Herbert Ingram Priestley (ed.). California: the name. Berkeley: University of California.