OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# fjærte
## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Danish fiærtæ, from Proto-Germanic *fertaną, from Proto-Indo-European *perd-. Cognate with Old Norse freta and English fart.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fjɛrt/, [fjæɐ̯ˀd̥ə]

### Noun

fjærte c
* indefinite plural of fjært

#### Alternative forms

* fjerte

### Verb

fjærte (imperative fjært, infinitive at fjærte, present tense fjærter, past tense fjærtede, perfect tense fjærtet)
* (dated) to fart

#### Conjugation

activepassive
present
fjærter
fjærtes
past
fjærtede
fjærtedes
infinitive
fjærte
fjærtes
imperative
fjært
participle
present
fjærtende
past
fjærtet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
fjærten :

#### Synonyms

* fise
* prutte
* slippe en vind

#### Related terms

* fjært
# chʼíshiibeezhii
## Navajo
### Noun

chʼíshiibeezhii
* titmouse
* chickadee
# sea orb
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)b

### Noun

sea orb (plural sea orbs)
* The globefish.

### Anagrams

* Boreas, boreas
# थिचेर
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t̪ʰit͡seɾʌ]
* Phonetic Devanagari: थिचेर

### Verb

थिचेर • (thicera)
* form of थिच्नु (thicnu).
# დეპორტაცია
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥epʼoɾtʼat͡sʰia]

### Noun

დეპორტაცია • (deṗorṭacia) (uncountable)
* deportation

#### Declension

Declension of დეპორტაცია (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | დეპორტაცია (deṗorṭacia) |
| ergative | დეპორტაციამ (deṗorṭaciam) |
| dative | დეპორტაციას(ა) (deṗorṭacias(a)) |
| genitive | დეპორტაციის(ა) (deṗorṭaciis(a)) |
| instrumental | დეპორტაციით(ა) (deṗorṭaciit(a)) |
| adverbial | დეპორტაციად(ა) (deṗorṭaciad(a)) |
| vocative | დეპორტაციავ (deṗorṭaciav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დეპორტაცია (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დეპორტაციაზე (deṗorṭaciaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დეპორტაციასთან (deṗorṭaciastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დეპორტაციაში (deṗorṭaciaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დეპორტაციასავით (deṗorṭaciasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დეპორტაციისთვის (deṗorṭaciistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დეპორტაციისებრ (deṗorṭaciisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დეპორტაციისკენ (deṗorṭaciisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დეპორტაციისგან (deṗorṭaciisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დეპორტაციისადმი (deṗorṭaciisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დეპორტაციიდან (deṗorṭaciidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დეპორტაციითურთ (deṗorṭaciiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დეპორტაციამდე (deṗorṭaciamde) | |
# 斯科普耶
## Chinese

| | | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic |
| trad. (斯科普耶) | trad. (斯科普耶) | 斯 | 科 | 普 | 耶 |
| simp. $^#$(斯科普耶) | simp. $^#$(斯科普耶) | 斯 | 科 | 普 | 耶 |

### Etymology

From Macedonian Скопје (Skopje).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Sīkēpǔyē
    (Zhuyin): ㄙ ㄎㄜ ㄆㄨˇ ㄧㄝ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Sīkēpǔyē
*** Zhuyin: ㄙ ㄎㄜ ㄆㄨˇ ㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Sihkepǔye
*** Wade–Giles: Ssŭ$^1$-kʻo$^1$-pʻu$^3$-yeh$^1$
*** Yale: Sz̄-kē-pǔ-yē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Sykepuuie
*** Palladius: Сыкэпуе (Sykɛpuje)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

斯科普耶
* (Taiwan) Skopje (a city, the capital city of North Macedonia)

#### Synonyms

* (Mainland China) 斯科普里 (Sīkēpǔlǐ)
# Grimaj
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Grimaj
* a surname
# chį́į́shłigaii
## Navajo
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

chį́į́shłigaii
* goose
# Lebanism
## English
### Etymology

From Lebanon +‎ -ism.

### Noun

Lebanism (plural Lebanisms)
* A custom peculiar to Lebanon.

### Anagrams

* Liebmans, bailsmen, bimensal
# محقق
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Derived from the active participle of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa, “to examine”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ħaq.qiq/
** (Gulf) IPA: /mʊħɐqqɪq/

#### Noun

مُحَقِّق • (muḥaqqiq) m (plural مُحَقِّقُون (muḥaqqiqūn))
* active participle of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa)
* detective
* one who edits and redacts (a manuscript or other text)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mühəqqiq
* → Persian: محقق (mohaqqeq)
** → Urdu: محقق
* → Ottoman Turkish: محقق (muhakkik)
** Turkish: muhakkik

#### Adjective

مُحَقِّق • (muḥaqqiq) (feminine مُحَقِّقَة (muḥaqqiqa), masculine plural مُحَقِّقُونَ (muḥaqqiqūna), feminine plural مُحَقِّقَات (muḥaqqiqāt))
* detective
    Synonym: مُتَحَرٍّ (mutaḥarrin)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Derived from the passive participle of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa, “to examine”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ħaq.qaq/

#### Adjective

مُحَقَّق • (muḥaqqaq) (feminine مُحَقَّقَة (muḥaqqaqa), masculine plural مُحَقَّقُونَ (muḥaqqaqūna), feminine plural مُحَقَّقَات (muḥaqqaqāt))
* passive participle of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa)
* executed, fulfilled
* certain, sure
    مَوْت مُحَقَّق ― mawt muḥaqqaq ― certain death

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mühəqqəq
* → Ottoman Turkish: محقق (muhakkak)
** Turkish: muhakkak
** → Crimean Tatar: muaqqaq
* → Uyghur: مۇھەققەق (muheqqeq)
* → Uzbek: muhaqqaq

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مُحَقِّق (muḥaqqiq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ħaɡ.ɡiɡ/, [mʊħaɡɡɪɡ], [mʊħaqqɪq]

### Noun

محقق • (muḥaggig) m (plural مُحَقِّقِين (muḥaggigīn), feminine مُحَقِّقَة (muḥaggiga))
* detective

### Adjective

محقق • (muḥaggig) (feminine مُحَقِّقَة (muḥaggiga), common plural مُحَقِّقِين (muḥaggigīn))
* active participle of حَقَّق (ḥaggag, “to achieve”)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَقِّق (muḥaqqiq).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mu.haq.ˈqiq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦäq.qɪ́q]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦäq.qɪ́q]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mʊ.wäq.qɪ́q]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mu.wäq.qíq]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mo.ɦæʁ.ɢéɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mu.ɦäq.qíq]

### Noun

محقق • (mohaqqeq) (plural محققین)
* scholar, researcher
# glauconite
## English
### Noun

glauconite (plural glauconites)
* (mineralogy) A greenish form of mica found in greensand

#### Derived terms

* glauconiferous
* glauconitic
* glauconitization

### Further reading

* David Barthelmy (1997–2025) “Glauconite”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
* “glauconite”, in Mindat.org‎, Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2025.

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

glauconite f (plural glauconites)
* glauconite
# Semeias
## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Σᾰμᾰΐᾱς (Sămăḯās), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁמַעְיָה (shema'yá, Šəmaʿyā́, “Shemaiah”), from שָׁמַע (shamá', šāma, “to hear”) +‎ יָהּ (yáh, Yāh, “two letters of the Tetragrammaton”), literally "God heard".

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /seˈme.i.aːs/, [s̠ɛˈmeiäːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /seˈme.i.as/, [seˈmɛːiäs]

### Proper noun

Semeïās m sg (genitive Semeïae); first declension
* (biblical) Shemaiah

#### Declension

First-declension noun (masculine Greek-type with nominative singular in -ās), singular only.

### References

* H8098 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

### Further reading

* Shemaiah on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Kaçaçi
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Kaçaçi
* a surname
# սերմնածորան
## Armenian
### Etymology

From սերմն- (sermn-, “seed”) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ ծորան (coran, “duct”).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /seɾmnɑt͡soˈɾɑn/, [seɾmnɑt͡soɾɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /seɾmnɑd͡zoˈɾɑn/, [seɾmnɑd͡zoɾɑ́n]

### Noun

սերմնածորան • (sermnacoran)
* (anatomy) vas deferens
# Barron
## English
### Etymology

* As a Scottish surname, from Scots baron, sometimes found as McBarron; see Baron.
* As an Irish and Manx surname, from Ó Bearáin (literally “descendant of Bearán”), a personal name from bior (“spear”). See Barnes, Barrington.
* As a Spanish surname, augmentative of Barro.
* As a French and Spanish surname, variant of Baron.

### Proper noun

Barron
* A surname from Anglo-Norman.
* A male given name.
* A city, the county seat of Barron County, Wisconsin, United States.
* A town in Barron County, Wisconsin, surrounding the city of the same name.
* A rural locality in Cairns Region, northern Queensland, Australia.

#### Derived terms

* Barron County

### Anagrams

* Raborn
# Kunashir
## English
### Alternative forms

* Kunashiri (Japanese)

### Etymology

From Japanese 国後, or Russian Кунаши́р (Kunašír). Ultimately from Ainu クンネ シㇼ (kunne sir), meaning "black island"; or Ainu キナ シㇼ (kina sir), meaning "grass island".

### Proper noun

Kunashir
* The southernmost island of the Kuril Islands, disputed between Japan and Russia.

#### Further reading

* Kunashir on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# गरेको
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡʌɾeko]
* Phonetic Devanagari: गरेको

### Verb

गरेको • (gareko)
* form of गर्नु (garnu).
# დიალოგი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥iaɫoɡi]

### Noun

დიალოგი • (dialogi) (uncountable)
* dialogue, duologue

#### Declension

Declension of დიალოგი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | დიალოგი (dialogi) |
| ergative | დიალოგმა (dialogma) |
| dative | დიალოგს(ა) (dialogs(a)) |
| genitive | დიალოგის(ა) (dialogis(a)) |
| instrumental | დიალოგით(ა) (dialogit(a)) |
| adverbial | დიალოგად(ა) (dialogad(a)) |
| vocative | დიალოგო (dialogo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დიალოგი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დიალოგზე (dialogze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დიალოგთან (dialogtan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დიალოგში (dialogši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დიალოგივით (dialogivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დიალოგისთვის (dialogistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დიალოგისებრ (dialogisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დიალოგისკენ (dialogisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დიალოგისგან (dialogisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დიალოგისადმი (dialogisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დიალოგიდან (dialogidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დიალოგითურთ (dialogiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დიალოგამდე (dialogamde) | |
# Old World
## English
### Proper noun

the Old World
* The Eastern Hemisphere, especially Europe, Africa and Asia.
    Antonym: New World
* The known world before the discovery of the Americas.
** 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:Over the mind of the tourist, visiting the Old World for the first time,—countries where have transpired thrilling events recorded in history, what an immensity of thought and feeling sweeps!
** 2021-2022 Winter, James R. Poplar III, “America: The Great Experiment in Human Governance”, in SAR Magazine, volume 116, number 3, Louisville, KY: Sons of the American Revolution, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 19, column 1:When our Founding Fathers broke with the old world, America indeed was an experiment, and history has shown that such experiments were tried on few occasions but previously failed.

#### Derived terms

* Old World monkey
* Old World mouse
* Old World oriole
* Old World porcupine
* Old World quail
* Old World rat
* Old World ROM
* Old World sparrow
* Old World vulture

#### Related terms

* old-world (adj)

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* world-old
# Kalari
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Kalari
* a surname
# սերմնաբշտիկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From սերմն- (sermn-, “seed”) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ բշտիկ (bštik, “vesicle”).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /seɾmnɑbəʃˈtik/, [seɾmnɑbəʃtík]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /seɾmnɑpəʃˈdiɡ/, [seɾmnɑpʰəʃtíɡ]

### Noun

սերմնաբշտիկ • (sermnabštik)
* (anatomy) seminal vesicle

#### Synonyms

* սերմնաբուշտ (sermnabušt)
# bigol
## Tiruray
### Noun

bigol
* tadpole
# Bridgefoot
## English
### Proper noun

Bridgefoot
* A village in Cumbria, England.
* A village in Angus, Scotland.
# प्रश्नहरु
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʌsnʌ̤ːru]
* Phonetic Devanagari: प्रस्नहरु

### Noun

प्रश्नहरु • (praśnaharu)
* form of प्रश्न (praśna).
# დილემა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥ilema]

### Noun

დილემა • (dilema) (uncountable)
* dilemma

#### Declension

Declension of დილემა (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | დილემა (dilema) |
| ergative | დილემამ (dilemam) |
| dative | დილემას(ა) (dilemas(a)) |
| genitive | დილემის(ა) (dilemis(a)) |
| instrumental | დილემით(ა) (dilemit(a)) |
| adverbial | დილემად(ა) (dilemad(a)) |
| vocative | დილემავ (dilemav) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დილემა (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დილემაზე (dilemaze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დილემასთან (dilemastan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დილემაში (dilemaši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დილემასავით (dilemasavit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დილემისთვის (dilemistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დილემისებრ (dilemisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დილემისკენ (dilemisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დილემისგან (dilemisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დილემისადმი (dilemisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დილემიდან (dilemidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დილემითურთ (dilemiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დილემამდე (dilemamde) | |
# nahého
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnaɦɛːɦo]

### Adjective

nahého
* inflection of nahý:
** genitive masculine/neuter singular
** animate accusative masculine singular
# Vajushi
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Vajushi
* a surname
# Bernotas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From the Latin masculine name Bernardus (“brave as a bear”), from Proto-West Germanic *Bernuhardu. Cognate to Belarusian Бернот (Bjernót) and Polish Biernat.

### Proper noun

Bernotas ?
* a surname from Germanic

#### Derived terms

* (Surnames:) Bernotavičius, Bernatavičius
# האומות המאוחדות
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* הַאוּ״ם (Ha'U.M.) (abbreviation)

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /(h)a(ʔ)uˈmot (h)ame(ʔ)uχaˈdot/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

האומות המאוחדות / הַאֻמּוֹת הַמְּאֻחָדוֹת • (ha'umót hame'ukhadót) f pl
* (UN) United Nations, UN

### Further reading

* האומות המאוחדות on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# загал
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Old Polish zahałem, whence Polish zagałem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɐˈɦaɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

зага́л • (zahál) m inan (genitive зага́лу, uncountable)
* the general public, the collective, society

#### Related terms

* взага́лі (vzaháli)
* загаловий (zahalovyj)
* зага́льний (zahálʹnyj)
* зага́льник (zahálʹnyk)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “загал”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “загал”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “загал”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “загал”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# भए
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʱʌ̤e]
* Phonetic Devanagari: भए

### Verb

भए • (bhae)
* form of हुनु (hunu).
# დილერი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥ileɾi]

### Noun

დილერი • (dileri) (plural დილერები)
* dealer

#### Declension

Declension of დილერი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | დილერი (dileri) | დილერები (dilerebi) | დილერნი (dilerni) |
| ergative | დილერმა (dilerma) | დილერებმა (dilerebma) | დილერთ(ა) (dilert(a)) |
| dative | დილერს(ა) (dilers(a)) | დილერებს(ა) (dilerebs(a)) | დილერთ(ა) (dilert(a)) |
| genitive | დილერის(ა) (dileris(a)) | დილერების(ა) (dilerebis(a)) | დილერთ(ა) (dilert(a)) |
| instrumental | დილერით(ა) (dilerit(a)) | დილერებით(ა) (dilerebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | დილერად(ა) (dilerad(a)) | დილერებად(ა) (dilerebad(a)) | |
| vocative | დილერო (dilero) | დილერებო (dilerebo) | დილერნო (dilerno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დილერი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დილერზე (dilerze) | დილერებზე (dilerebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დილერთან (dilertan) | დილერებთან (dilerebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დილერში (dilerši) | დილერებში (dilerebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დილერივით (dilerivit) | დილერებივით (dilerebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დილერისთვის (dileristvis) | დილერებისთვის (dilerebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დილერისებრ (dilerisebr) | დილერებისებრ (dilerebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დილერისკენ (dilerisḳen) | დილერებისკენ (dilerebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დილერისგან (dilerisgan) | დილერებისგან (dilerebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დილერისადმი (dilerisadmi) | დილერებისადმი (dilerebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დილერიდან (dileridan) | დილერებიდან (dilerebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დილერითურთ (dileriturt) | დილერებითურთ (dilerebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დილერამდე (dileramde) | დილერებამდე (dilerebamde) |
# Crepereius
## Latin
### Etymology

creper (“dusky, dark”) +‎ -ēius.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kre.peˈreː.i.us/, [krɛpɛˈreːiʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kre.peˈre.i.us/, [krepeˈrɛːius]

### Proper noun

Creperēius m sg (genitive Creperēiī or Creperēī); second declension
* a Roman nomen gentile, gens or "family name" famously held by:
** Crepereius Gallus, a friend of Agrippina

#### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

### References

* Crepereius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “Crepereius”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
# zajmi
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzajmɪ]

### Verb

zajmi
* second-person singular imperative of zajmout
# l'esprit de l'escalier
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French esprit de l’escalier (literally “mind of the staircase”), with the definite article le (“the”) at the beginning of the term. It refers to a description of the phenomenon in the essay Paradoxe sur le comédien (Paradox of the Actor, completed 1778 and published 1830) by the French encyclopedist and philosopher Denis Diderot (1713–1784).
During a dinner at the home of the statesman Jacques Necker (1732–1804), Diderot was left speechless by a remark made to him. He wrote: « l’homme sensible, comme moi, tout entier à ce qu’on lui objecte, perd la tête et ne se retrouve qu’au bas de l’escalier » (“a sensitive man, such as myself, overwhelmed by the argument levelled against him, becomes confused and can only think clearly again at the bottom of the stairs”), that is, when one is already on the way out of the house.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /lɛˌspɹiː də lɛsˈkal.jeɪ/
* (General American) IPA: /lɛˌspɹi də ˌlɛs.kəlˈjeɪ/, /lɛˌspɹi də ˈlɛs.kɑl.jeɪ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪ (GA)
* Hyphenation: l'es‧prit de l'es‧ca‧lier

### Noun

l'esprit de l'escalier (uncountable)
* The phenomenon when a conversational rejoinder or remark only occurs to someone after the opportunity to make it has passed.
    Synonyms: afterwit, staircase wit
** 2011, Richard Kearney, “Epilogue”, in Anatheism: Returning to God after God (Insurrections), New York, N.Y., Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, part 3 (Postlude), page 182:Some last thoughts in l'esprit de l'escalier—afterthoughts descending the stairwell as one remembers things unsaid.
** 2013, Simmone Howell, Girl Defective, Sydney, N.S.W.: Pan Macmillan, →ISBN; paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, September 2015, →ISBN, pages 100–101:I flashed on Nancy again. The French had a word for everything: even for that thing you wished you'd said. L'esprit de l'escalier. The wit of the staircase. What I wished I'd said was this: […]
** 2014, Christopher Fowler, Bryant & May and the Bleeding Heart (A Peculiar Crimes Unit Mystery), New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 173:'That's understandable,' said May, 'we get it all the time. L'esprit d'escalier—remembering what you should have said too late.'
** 2014, Zoë Wicomb, October: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: The New Press, →ISBN, page 112:Later, l'esprit de l'escalier provided Mercia with: Glad you're in agreement/I haven't yet spoken/Is that a greeting/Yes indeed—but at the time, affronted, she grabbed at a couple of garments and announced, I'll try these.

#### Alternative forms

* esprit de l'escalier, esprit d'escalier, l'esprit d'escalier

#### See also

* retrotort (neologism)

### References

* ↑ Denis Diderot (1830) Paradoxe sur le comédien: Ouvrage posthume de Diderot [Paradox of the Actor: Posthumous Work of Diderot], Paris: A. Sautelet, →OCLC.

### Further reading

* l'esprit de l'escalier on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# близанац
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bliznьcь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blizǎːnat͡s/
* Hyphenation: бли‧за‧нац

### Noun

близа́нац m (Latin spelling blizánac)
* twin

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “близанац”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# დინამიკი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̥inamikʼi]

### Noun

დინამიკი • (dinamiḳi) (uncountable)
* dynamic

#### Declension

Declension of დინამიკი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | დინამიკი (dinamiḳi) |
| ergative | დინამიკმა (dinamiḳma) |
| dative | დინამიკს(ა) (dinamiḳs(a)) |
| genitive | დინამიკის(ა) (dinamiḳis(a)) |
| instrumental | დინამიკით(ა) (dinamiḳit(a)) |
| adverbial | დინამიკად(ა) (dinamiḳad(a)) |
| vocative | დინამიკო (dinamiḳo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of დინამიკი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | დინამიკზე (dinamiḳze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | დინამიკთან (dinamiḳtan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | დინამიკში (dinamiḳši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | დინამიკივით (dinamiḳivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | დინამიკისთვის (dinamiḳistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | დინამიკისებრ (dinamiḳisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | დინამიკისკენ (dinamiḳisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | დინამიკისგან (dinamiḳisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | დინამიკისადმი (dinamiḳisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | დინამიკიდან (dinamiḳidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | დინამიკითურთ (dinamiḳiturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | დინამიკამდე (dinamiḳamde) | |