# 男

| 男 | U+7537, &#30007; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7537 |
| ← 甶 [U+7536] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甸 → [U+7538] |
| ㊚ | U+329A, &#12954; CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH MALE |
| ← ㊙ [U+3299] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㊛ → [U+329B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

男 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 田大尸 (WKS), four-corner 6042$_7$, composition ⿱田力)

#### Derived characters

* 侽, 𠲸, 娚, 㭷, 甥, 㽒, 𤳆, 嫐, 嬲, 勇, 莮, 舅, 虜, 𡇨

### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 759, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21730
* Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2529, character 5
* Unihan data for U+7537

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 男 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 田 (“field”) + 力 (“strength”) – man providing the strength for agricultural and/or other kinds of (physical) labour on a field.

### Etymology

Probably an area word. Compare Proto-Kiranti *nam (“man”), Proto-Monic *kɲoom (“young child”), Proto-Wa *h/ʔn[o]m (“young man”), Thai หนุ่ม (nùm, “young man; young”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Wang (1982) connects it to 農 (OC *nuːŋ, “farmer”). Goldin (2021) suggests a connection to 任 (OC *njɯms, “to bear; to be in charge”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): nán (nan$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): нан (nan, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lan$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): nàm
    (Hailu, HRS): nam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): nam$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): nan$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): nâng
* Eastern Min (BUC): nàng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lam$^5$ / nam$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$noe / $^2$noe
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nán
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nán
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$
*** Yale: nán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nan$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
*** Sinological IPA : /nan²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: нан (nan, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /næ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naam$^4$
*** Yale: nàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːm²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: nam$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ⁿdam²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lan³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm
*** Hakka Romanization System: nam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: nam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: nam
*** Sinological IPA: /nam⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: nam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: nan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /næ̃¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nâng
*** Sinological IPA : /naŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nàng
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡaŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm
*** Tâi-lô: lâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: laam
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /lam²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lam$^5$ / nam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâm / nâm
*** Sinological IPA : /lam⁵⁵/, /nam⁵⁵/
* lam5 - Chaozhou;
* nam5 - Shantou.
* Middle Chinese: nom
Rime :
| Character | 男 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 那含切 |
| Baxter | nom |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nəm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nəm/ |
| Li Rong | /nᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /nɒm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /năm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | naam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m/
    (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 男 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nom › |
| Old Chinese | /*nˁ[ə]m/ |
| English | man, male |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 男 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9354 |
| Phonetic component | 男 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 南 |
| Old Chinese | /*nuːm/ |

### Definitions

男
* man; (only of human in Standard Chinese) male
    男人 ― nánrén ― man
    男孩 ― nánhái ― boy
    Coordinate term: 女
* son
    長男／长男 ― zhǎngnán ― eldest son
* baron, lowest of the five ranks of Chinese aristocracy (五等爵位) under the Zhou dynasty
    From: Spring and Autumn Annals, circa 5th century BCE
    Dōng shíyǒu'èr yuè, huì Qíhóu, Sònggōng, Chénhóu, Wèihóu, Zhèngbó, Xǔnán, Huábó, Téngzǐ tóngméng yú Yōu. Zhūzǐ Kè zú. [Pinyin]
    Winter, 12th month: we met the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, Marquis of Chen, Marquis of Wey, Count of Zheng, Baron of Xu, Count of Hua, Viscount of Teng; we swore an alliance-covenant at You. Viscount Ke of Zhu died.
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* 公 (gōng, “male (of animals)”)

### Compounds

* 一男半女 (yīnánbànnǚ)
* 一索得男 (yīsuǒdénán)
* 一索成男
* 丁男 (dīngnán)
* 三男兩女 / 三男两女
* 三男四女
* 不帶頭巾男子漢 / 不带头巾男子汉
* 不戴頭巾男子漢 / 不戴头巾男子汉
* 中男
* 勇男蠢婦 / 勇男蠢妇
* 善男信女 (shànnán xìnnǚ)
* 喬男女 / 乔男女
* 多福多壽多男 / 多福多寿多男
* 大男
* 大男人主義 / 大男人主义 (dànánrénzhǔyì)
* 大男大女
* 大男小女
* 夫男
* 奇男子
* 女嫁男婚
* 女扮男裝 / 女扮男装
* 女扮男身
* 女男
* 女織男耕 / 女织男耕
* 好男不吃分家飯，好女不穿嫁時衣 / 好男不吃分家饭，好女不穿嫁时衣
* 姪男 / 侄男
* 婦男 / 妇男
* 孝男 (xiàonán)
* 宜男
* 家庭婦男 / 家庭妇男
* 寸男尺女
* 小男女
* 役男 (yìnán)
* 息男 (xīnán)
* 拖男帶女 / 拖男带女
* 拖男挈女
* 拖男挾女 / 拖男挟女
* 攜男抱女 / 携男抱女
* 攜男挈女 / 携男挈女
* 新好男人
* 潑男女 / 泼男女
* 生男育女
* 男丁 (nándīng)
* 男上位 (nánshàngwèi, “missionary position”)
* 男不男，女不女
* 男中音 (nánzhōngyīn, “baritone”)
* 男主角
* 男人 (“man”)
* 男人婆 (nánrénpó)
* 男伴 (nánbàn)
* 男低音 (“bass”)
* 男僧寺對著女僧寺 / 男僧寺对著女僧寺
* 男儐相 / 男傧相 (nánbīnxiàng)
* 男優 / 男优 (nányōu)
* 男兒 / 男儿 (nán'ér, “man”)
* 男兒有淚不輕彈 / 男儿有泪不轻弹 (nán'ér yǒu lèi bù qīng tán)
* 男兒膝下有黃金 / 男儿膝下有黄金 (nán'ér xīxià yǒu huángjīn)
* 男唱女隨 / 男唱女随
* 男士 (nánshì, “man”)
* 男大當婚，女大當嫁 / 男大当婚，女大当嫁 (nán dà dāng hūn, nǚ dà dāng jià)
* 男女 (nánnǚ, “man and woman”)
* 男女不親授 / 男女不亲授
* 男女大事
* 男女平權 / 男女平权
* 男女平等
* 男女授受不親 / 男女授受不亲 (nánnǚ shòushòubùqīn)
* 男女有別 / 男女有别 (nánnǚyǒubié)
* 男女老幼 (nánnǚlǎoyòu)
* 男妾 (nánqiè)
* 男娼 (nánchāng, “male prostitute”)
* 男婚女嫁
* 男婚女聘
* 男媒女妁
* 男子 (nánzǐ)
* 男子氣 / 男子气 (nánzǐqì, “manly”)
* 男子漢 / 男子汉 (nánzǐhàn)
* 男子漢大丈夫 / 男子汉大丈夫
* 男孩 (nánhái, “boy”)
* 男孩子 (nánháizi, “boy”)
* 男室女家
* 男家 (nánjiā)
* 男尊女卑 (nánzūnnǚbēi)
* 男工 (nángōng)
* 男左女右 (nánzuǒnǚyòu)
* 男廁 / 男厕 (náncè, “men's restroom”)
* 男性 (nánxìng, “male”)
* 男性沙文主義 / 男性沙文主义
* 男扮女裝 / 男扮女装 (nán bàn nǚ zhuāng)
* 男方 (nánfāng)
* 男星
* 男有分，女有歸 / 男有分，女有归
* 男朋友 (“boyfriend”)
* 男校 (nánxiào)
* 男根 (nángēn, “male genital”)
* 男權 / 男权 (nánquán)
* 男歡女愛 / 男欢女爱 (nánhuānnǚ'ài)
* 男氣 / 男气
* 男爵 (nánjué, “baron”)
* 男生 (nánshēng)
* 男男女女 (nánnánnǚnǚ)
* 男痴
* 男盜女娼 / 男盗女娼 (nándàonǚchāng)
* 男科 (nánkē)
* 男童 (nántóng)
* 男系
* 男美
* 男耕女織 / 男耕女织 (nángēngnǚzhī)
* 男聲 / 男声 (nánshēng, “male voice”)
* 男色 (nánsè)
* 男裝 / 男装 (nánzhuāng)
* 男賓 / 男宾 (nánbīn)
* 男配角
* 男風 / 男风 (nánfēng)
* 男高音 (nángāoyīn, “tenor”)
* 痴男怨女 (chīnányuànnǚ)
* 童男
* 童男女
* 童男童女 (tóngnántóngnǚ)
* 紅男綠女 / 红男绿女 (hóngnánlǜnǚ)
* 綠女紅男 / 绿女红男
* 美男子 (měinánzǐ)
* 美男破老
* 義男兒 / 义男儿
* 老少男女 (lǎoshàonánnǚ)
* 貴男 / 贵男
* 重男輕女 / 重男轻女 (zhòngnánqīngnǚ)
* 長男 / 长男 (zhǎngnán)
* 飲食男女 / 饮食男女 (yǐnshínánnǚ)
* 魯男子 / 鲁男子

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 男(なん) (nan); 男(だん) (dan)
* → Korean: 남(男) (nam)
* → Vietnamese: nam (男)

### References

* “男”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)
* man
* son
* baron

#### Readings

* Go-on: なん (nan, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: だん (dan, Jōyō)
* Kun: おとこ (otoko, 男, Jōyō)、お (o, 男)、おのこ (onoko, 男)
* Nanori: いさみ (isami)、いさむ (isamu)、おと (oto)

#### Compounds

* 男(だん)系(けい) (dankei, “male succession”)
* 男(だん)根(こん) (dankon, “penis”)
* 男(だん)子(し) (danshi, “boy”)
* 男(だん)児(じ) (danji, “infant boy”)
* 男(だん)娼(しょう) (danshō, “male prostitute”)
* 男(だん)爵(しゃく) (danshaku, “baron”)
* 男(だん)女(じょ) (danjo, “man and woman”)
* 男(だん)色(しょく) (danshoku, “homosexual”)
* 男(だん)性(せい) (dansei, “man”)
* 男(だん)声(せい) (dansei, “male voice”)
* 男(だん)装(そう) (dansō, “male costume”)
* 男(だん)尊(そん)女(じょ)卑(ひ) (dansonjohi, “male chauvinism”)
* 男(だん)優(ゆう) (dan'yū, “actor”)
* 男(なん)根(こん) (nankon)
* 男(なん)色(しょく) (nanshoku)
* 下(げ)男(なん) (genan)
* 次(じ)男(なん), 二(じ)男(なん) (jinan)
* 善(ぜん)男(なん) (zennan)
** 善(ぜん)男(なん)善(ぜん)女(にょ) (zennan zennyo)
* 息(そく)男(なん) (sokunan, “son”, honorific)
* 嫡(ちゃく)男(なん) (chakunan)
* 長(ちょう)男(なん) (chōnan)
* 美(び)男(なん) (binan), 美(び)男(だん) (bidan)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* おとこ Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 漢 (manga slang)
⟨woto$_2$ko$_1$⟩ → */wotəkʷo/ → /wotoko/ → /otoko/
From Old Japanese.
Derived from おと (oto, “young?”, cognate with Old Japanese 復つ (wotu → otsu, “to become young again”)) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).
Compare 少女 (otome, “young woman”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おとこ [òtókóꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [o̞to̞ko̞]
* (Kyoto) お​とこ [óꜜtòkò] (Kōki)

#### Noun

男(おとこ) • (otoko)
* a male person
    Antonym: 女 (onna)
* (specifically) a man, an adult male
    Antonym: 女 (onna)
* 男, 漢: (specifically) a manly man
* a male lover
    Synonyms: 愛人 (aijin), 情人 (jōjin, jōnin), 情夫 (jōfu)
* a manservant
    Synonym: 下男 (genan)
* a husband
    Synonym: 夫 (otto)
* (obsolete) an unmarried young man
* (colloquial) homosexuality
    Synonyms: 男色 (danshoku), 若道 (nyakudō)

##### Derived terms

* 男(おとこ)し (otokoshi)
* 男郎花(オトコエシ) (otokoeshi), 男郎花(おとこめし) (otokomeshi)
* 男(おとこ)親(おや) (otokōya, “male parent”)
* 男(おとこ)神(がみ) (otokogami, “masculine god”)
* 男(おとこ)側(がわ) (otokogawa, “man's side”)
* 男(おとこ)気(ぎ) (otokogi, “chivalrous spirit”)
* 男(おとこ)心(ごころ) (otoko-gokoro, “male mind”)
* 男(おとこ)言(こ)葉(とば) (otoko kotoba, “male language”)
* 男(おとこ)坂(ざか) (otokozaka, “steep slope”)
* 男(おとこ)手(で) (otokode, “male worker”)
* 男(おとこ)友達(ともだち) (otoko tomodachi, “boyfriend, male friend”)
* 男(おとこ)の子(こ) (otoko no ko, “boy”)
* 男(おとこ)の人(ひと) (otoko no hito, “adult man”)
* 男(おとこ)前(まえ) (otokomae)
* 男(おとこ)役(やく) (otokoyaku, “role of man”)
* 男(おとこ)山(やま) (otokoyama, “steep mountain”)
* 男(おとこ)鰥(やもめ) (otoko yamome)
* 男(おとこ)湯(ゆ) (otokoyu, “men's bath”)
* 男(おとこ)を上(あ)げる (otoko o ageru)
* 男(おとこ)を売(う)る (otoko o uru)
* 男(おとこ)を下(さ)げる (otoko o sageru)
* 男(おとこ)を知(し)る (otoko o shiru)
* 男(おとこ)を磨(みが)く (otoko o migaku)
* 色(いろ)男(おとこ) (irōtoko)
* 作(さく)男(おとこ) (sakuotoko)
* 下(しも)男(おとこ) (shimōtoko)
* 間(ま)男(おとこ) (maotoko)
* むくつけ男(おとこ) (mukutsuke otoko)
* 雪(ゆき)男(おとこ) (yuki otoko)

##### Idioms

* 男(おとこ)が廃(すた)る (otoko ga sutaru)
* 男(おとこ)が立(た)つ (otoko ga tatsu)
* 男(おとこ)になる (otoko ni naru)
* 男(おとこ)は気(き)で持(も)て (otoko wa ki de mote)
* 男(おとこ)は閾(しきい)を跨(また)げば七人(しちにん)の敵(てき)あり (otoko wa shikii o matageba shichinin no teki ari)
* 男(おとこ)は辞(じ)儀(ぎ)に余(あま)れ (otoko haji gi ni amare)
* 男(おとこ)は松(まつ)女(おな)子(ご)は藤(ふじ) (otoko wa matsu onago wa fuji)

##### Proverbs

* 男(おとこ)の目(め)には糸(いと)を引(ひ)け女(おんな)の目(め)には鈴(すず)を張(は)れ (otoko no me ni wa ito o hike onna no me ni wa suzu o hare)
* 男(おとこ)は度胸(どきょう)女(おんな)は愛嬌(あいきょう) (otoko wa dokyō onna wa aikyō)
* 男(おとこ)は裸(はだか)百貫(ひゃっかん) (otoko wa hadaka-hyakkan)

#### Proper noun

男(おとこ) • (Otoko)
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* お Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 夫 雄 牡
/wo/ → /o/
From Old Japanese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) お [óꜜ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [o̞]
* (Kyoto) おー [óó] (Kōki – [0])

#### Noun

男(お) • (o)
* a man
    Antonym: 女 (me)
** 711–712, Kojiki, poem 5:
    ...那許曾波(なこそは)遠(を)迩伊麻世婆(にいませば)... [Man'yōgana]
    ...汝(な)こそはをにいませば... [Modern spelling]
* a husband
    Synonym: 夫 (otto)
    Antonym: 女 (me)
* a male
    Antonym: 女, 牝, 雌 (me)
* something large, powerful, or otherwise masculine

##### Derived terms

* 男男(おお)しい, 男々(おお)しい (ooshii)
* 男(お)滝(だき) (odaki)
* 男(お)猫(ねこ) (oneko)
* 男(お)雛(びな) (obina)
* 桂(かつら)男(お) (katsurao)
* 須佐之男(すさのお) (Susanoo)
* 益荒(ますら)男(お), 大夫(ますらお), 丈夫(ますらお) (masurao)
* 寡(やも)男(お) (yamō)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* おのこ Grade: 1
* irregular
* Alternative spelling
* 男の子
Compound of 男 (o, “male”, see above) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おのこ [óꜜnòkò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [o̞no̞ko̞]
* (Kyoto) お​のこ [óꜜnòkò] (Kōki)

#### Noun

男(おのこ) • (onoko)
* a boy

##### Derived terms

* 男(おのこ)手(で) (onokode)
* 男(おのこ)同胞(はらから) (onoko harakara)
* 東(あずま)男(おとこ) (azuma-otoko)
* 上(うえ)の男(おのこ) (ue no onoko)
* 下種(げす)男(おのこ) (gesu onoko)
* 才(ざえ)の男(おのこ) (zae no onoko)
* むくつけ男(おのこ) (mukutsuke onoko)

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* なん Grade: 1
* goon
/nam/ → /namʉ/ → /naɴ/
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nom).
The 呉音 (goon) reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nã̠ɴ]

#### Noun

男(なん) • (nan)
* a man
    Synonym: 男性 (dansei)
* a son
    Synonyms: 倅 (segare), 息子 (musuko)

##### Derived terms

* 一(いち)男(なん) (ichinan)

### Etymology 5

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* だん Grade: 1
* kan'on
/dam/ → /damʉ/ → /daɴ/
From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nom).
The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) だん [dáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [dã̠ɴ]
* (Kyoto) だ​ん [dáꜜǹ] (Kōki)

#### Noun

男(だん) • (dan)
* a man
* a son
* a young man, especially one who reached adulthood
    Synonyms: 壮丁 (sōtei), 若者 (wakamono)
* (historical) a baron
    Synonym: 男爵 (danshaku)

#### Proper noun

男(だん) • (Dan)
* a male given name

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 “おと‐こ［をと‥］ 【男】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* ↑ “お［を］ 【雄・男・牡・夫】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* 1 2 “お‐の‐こ［を‥］ 【男子・男】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* 1 2 “だん 【男】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 男 (MC nom). Recorded as Middle Korean 남 (nam) (Yale: nam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 男 (eumhun 사내 남 (sanae nam))
* hanja form of 남 (“man”)

#### Compounds

* 남자 (男子, namja, “man”)
* 남아 (男兒, nama, “boy”)
* 남근 (男根, namgeun)
* 남창 (男娼, namchang)
* 남색 (男色, namsaek)
* 남성 (男性, namseong)
* 남우 (男優, namu)
* 미남 (美男, minam)
* 남계 (男系, namgye)
* 남작 (男爵, namjak)
* 선남선녀 (善男善女, seonnamseonnyeo)
* 남존여비 (男尊女卑, namjonyeobi)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: いけが (ikega, 男)、うんが (unga, 男)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).

#### Noun

男(いけが) (ikega)
* man

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

#### Noun

男(うんが) (unga)
* man

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ゐきが (wikiga, 男)、ゆきが (yukiga, 男)、うぅとぅく (wutuku, 男)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [(w)ikiɡa]

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* ゐきが Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 男
* ゆきが Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).

#### Noun

男(ゐきが) or 男(ゆきが) (wikiga or yukiga)
* man

##### Derived terms

* 男(ゐきが)しーじゃ (wikiga shīja, “older brother”)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* をぅとぅく Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
Possibly from Japanese 男 (otoko, “man”).

#### Noun

男(うぅとぅく) (wutuku)
* (literary) man

### References

* “ゐきが【男】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Okinoerabu
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: いぃんが (yinga, 男)、ゐんが (inga, 男)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 男
* いぃんが Grade: 1
* Kanji in this term
* 男
* ゐんが Grade: 1
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

### Noun

男(いぃんが) or 男(ゐんが) (yinga or inga)
* man

### References

* “いぃんが・ゐんが【男】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

男: Hán Việt readings: nam
男: Nôm readings: nam
* chữ Hán form of nam (“man; male”).

#### Derived terms

* 一男曰有，十女曰無 (nhất nam viết hữu, thập nữ viết vô)
* 次男 (thứ nam)
* 男人魚 (nam nhân ngư)
* 男兒 (nam nhi)
* 男女 (nam nữ)
* 男子 (nam tử)
* 男尊女卑 (nam tôn nữ ti)
* 男性 (nam tính)
* 男正 (nam chính)
* 男清女秀 (nam thanh nữ tú)
* 男爵 (nam tước)
* 男生 (nam sinh)
* 男界 (nam giới)
* 男裝 (nam trang)
* 男食如虎，女食如貓 (nam thực như hổ, nữ thực như miêu)
* 重男輕女 (trọng nam khinh nữ)
* 長男 (trưởng nam)

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* ↑ Trần (2004).

## Yonaguni
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: びんが (binga, 男)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *wenga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biŋɡa/

### Noun

男(びんが) (binga)
* man

## Yoron
### Kanji

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: をぅいが (ōiga, 男)

### Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *weke + *-ga (“diminutive suffix”).

### Noun

男(をぅいが) (ōiga)
* man