# 苔

| 苔 | U+82D4, &#33492; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82D4 |
| ← 苓 [U+82D3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 苕 → [U+82D5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

苔 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿戈口 (TIR), four-corner 4460$_3$, composition ⿱艹台)

#### Derived characters

* 𢰥, 𢞇, 𣹓, 𤠂, 𬨴, 𥀌, 𪞅, 𨃐, 𩌂, 𠫆, 𬟖, 𭃵, 𫉳, 𠫅, 𧀟, 𧄈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30778
* Dae Jaweon: page 1481, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3198, character 7
* Unihan data for U+82D4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 胎 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 台 | *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ |
| 邰 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 鮐 | *l̥ʰɯː, *lɯ |
| 孡 | *l̥ʰɯː |
| 苔 | *l'ɯː |
| 抬 | *l'ɯː |
| 駘 | *l'ɯː, *l'ɯːʔ |
| 炱 | *l'ɯː |
| 菭 | *l'ɯː, *l'i |
| 跆 | *l'ɯː |
| 殆 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 怠 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 迨 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 紿 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 詒 | *l'ɯːʔ, *lɯ |
| 軩 | *l'ɯːʔ |
| 咍 | *hlɯː |
| 佁 | *lɯːʔ, *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ |
| 枲 | *slɯʔ |
| 辝 | *ljɯ |
| 鈶 | *ljɯʔ |
| 笞 | *l̥ʰɯ |
| 齝 | *l̥ʰɯ, *hljɯ |
| 眙 | *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯ |
| 治 | *l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is |
| 始 | *hljɯʔ |
| 怡 | *lɯ |
| 貽 | *lɯ |
| 飴 | *lɯ |
| 瓵 | *lɯ |
| 珆 | *li |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ɯː): semantic 艸 + phonetic 台 (OC *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tái (tai$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): toi$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thòi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): toi$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tì / tăi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ti$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ti$^5$ / tai$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$de
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tái
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tái
*** Wade–Giles: tʻai$^2$
*** Yale: tái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tair
*** Palladius: тай (taj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: toi$^4$
*** Yale: tòih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: toi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: toi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːi̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòi
*** Hakka Romanization System: toi$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: toi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoi̯¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: toi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoɪ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tì / tăi
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi⁵³/, /tʰai⁵⁵/
* tì - vernacular;
* tăi - literary.
* Middle Chinese: doj
Rime :
| Character | 苔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒哀切 |
| Baxter | doj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dəi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dəj/ |
| Li Rong | /dᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /dɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tái |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | toi$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 苔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12264 |
| Phonetic component | 台 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 臺 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ɯː/ |
| Notes | 同菭 |

#### Definitions

苔
* moss; lichen; liverwort; hornwort
    Synonyms: 苔蘚 / 苔藓 (táixiǎn), 青苔 (qīngtái), 綠苔 / 绿苔
* edible green algae; sea lettuce; seaweed

#### Compounds

* 乾苔 / 干苔
* 光苔
* 大金髮苔 / 大金发苔
* 毛氈苔 / 毛毡苔 (máozhāntái)
* 水苔
* 海苔 (hǎitái)
* 滸苔 / 浒苔 (hǔtái)
* 異苔同岑 / 异苔同岑
* 米苔目 (mǐtáimù)
* 綠苔 / 绿苔
* 苔原 (táiyuán)
* 苔原氣候 / 苔原气候
* 苔岑
* 苔條 / 苔条
* 苔條餅 / 苔条饼
* 苔砌
* 苔紙 / 苔纸
* 苦苣苔
* 苔菜
* 苔菉 (Táilù, “Tailu”)
* 苔蘚 / 苔藓 (táixiǎn)
* 苔蘚植物 / 苔藓植物 (táixiǎn zhíwù)
* 苔衣
* 苔錢 / 苔钱
* 蒼苔 / 苍苔
* 蘚苔植物 / 藓苔植物
* 青苔 (qīngtái)
* 點苔 / 点苔

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tāi (tai$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): toi$^1$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): tai$^1$ / dai$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$the
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tai
*** Wade–Giles: tʻai$^1$
*** Yale: tāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tai
*** Palladius: тай (taj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: toi$^1$
*** Yale: tōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: toi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: toi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tai$^1$ / dai$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thai / tái
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰai³³/, /tai⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$the
*** MiniDict: the$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$the
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰe⁵³/

#### Definitions

苔
* tongue coating; fur

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 舌苔 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 舌苔 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 舌苔 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 舌苔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 舌苔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 舌苔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 舌苔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 舌苔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 舌苔 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 舌苔 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 舌苔 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 舌苔 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 舌苔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 舌苔, 苔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 舌𨣉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 舌苔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 舌苔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 舌苔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 舌苔 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 舌苔 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 舌苔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 脷苔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 脷苔 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 脷漬 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 脷苔 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 舌苔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 舌苔 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 舌苔 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 舌苔 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 舌苔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 舌苔 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 舌苔 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 舌苔, 苔 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 舌苔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 脷苔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 舌苔 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 舌苔 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 舌苔 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 舌苔 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 舌苔 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 舌苔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 舌沙, 舌滓 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 舌苔 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 舌菇 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 舌菇 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 舌苔 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 脷錢苔, 舌苔 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 舌齪 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Danyang | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 舌苔 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 苔 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 苔 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 舌苔 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 舌苔 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 舌苔 |

#### Compounds

* 脷苔 (lei6 toi1)
* 舌苔 (shétāi)

### Etymology 3
#### Definitions

苔
* For pronunciation and definitions of 苔 – see 薹 (“sedge; an erect peduncle or shoot of a herbaceous plant, especially when it is tender and edible; etc.”). (This character is a nonstandard simplified form of 薹).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

#### Usage notes

Nonstandard.

### References

* “苔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* moss

#### Readings

* Go-on: だい (dai)
* Kan-on: たい (tai)
* Kun: こけ (koke, 苔)、こけら (kokera, 苔ら)

#### Compounds

* 蘚苔(せんたい) (sentai)
* 海苔(のり) (nori, “laver”)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 苔
* こけ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 蘚 蘿
* (Tokyo) こけ [kòkéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ko̞ke̞]

### Noun

苔(こけ) or 苔(コケ) • (koke)
* moss
* Synonym of 猿麻桛 (saruogase, “beard moss, Usnea”)

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コケ.

#### Derived terms

* 苔玉(こけだま) (kokedama)
* 苔虫(こけむし) (kokemushi)
* 苔桃(コケモモ) (kokemomo)
* 泡苔(アワゴケ) (awagoke)
* 団扇苔(ウチワゴケ) (uchiwagoke)
* 鷺苔(サギゴケ) (sagigoke)
* 蛇苔(ジャゴケ) (jagoke)
* 杉苔(スギゴケ) (sugigoke)
* 銭苔(ゼニゴケ) (zenigoke)
* 地図苔(チズゴケ) (chizugoke)
* 光苔(ヒカリゴケ) (hikarigoke)
* 毛氈苔(モウセンゴケ) (mōsengoke)

## Korean
### Hanja

苔 • (tae) (hangeul 태, revised tae, McCune–Reischauer t'ae, Yale thay)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

苔: Hán Nôm readings: đài, đầy, dày, đày, dây, thai
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.