OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# perturunan
## Malay
### Etymology

Affixed turun +‎ per- -an.

### Noun

perturunan (Jawi spelling ڤرتورونن, plural perturunan-perturunan, informal 1st possessive perturunanku, 2nd possessive perturunanmu, 3rd possessive perturunannya)
* lineage, genealogy, succession
    Synonym: salasilah

#### Related terms

* keturunan
* turun-temurun
# qatta'
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic قَطَّعَ (qaṭṭaʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʔat.ta/
* IPA: /ˈʔat.taˤ/ (archaic)
* Homophone: qatta (except archaically)

### Verb

qatta’ (imperfect jqatta’, past participle mqatta’, verbal noun taqtigħ or tqattigħ)
* to cut to pieces
* to mince
* to tear (cloth)
* to spend time
** 2018, Antoinette Borg, Amina, Merlin Publishers, →ISBN:“IMMA … mhux se teħlisha ħafif għal li għamilt, Amina. Ma nistax nibqa’ nwissik biss u int tibqa’ tagħmel ta’ rasek. Dawn il-jumejn, illum u għada, se tqattagħhom f’kamra waħdek, f’dan is-sular. Mhux se tattendi lezzjonijiet —”(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# Helešic
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɛlɛʃɪt͡s]

### Proper noun

Helešic m anim (female equivalent Helešicová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Helešic”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# katofil
## Amis
### Noun

katofil
* (anatomy) lip
# Phack
## Alemannic German
### Alternative forms

* Pack

### Etymology

Cognate with German Pack.

### Pronunciation

* (Zürich) IPA: /pʰɑkx/

### Noun

Phack n (plural Phäck, diminutive Phäckli)
* parcel, package
* pack, rabble (of animals)
* (derogatory) rabble, mob, vermin, rascals (of people)
    Fuuls Phack! ― Lazy people!

#### Related terms

* Phaket
* phacke
# dungan
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /duˈŋan/ [d̪uˈŋan̪]
* Hyphenation: du‧ngan

### Adjective

dungán (plural durungan, Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜅᜈ᜔)
* simultaneous; coinciding
    Synonym: sabay-sabay

### Verb

dungán (plural durungan, Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜅᜈ᜔)
* to coincide; to do something at the same time; to do something together with
    Synonym: sabay

#### Derived terms

* magdungan
* makidungan

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəŋan.

### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /duˈŋan/ [duˈŋan]
* Hyphenation: du‧ngan

#### Adverb

dungán
* simultaneously

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /ˈduŋan/ [ˈdu.ŋan]
* Hyphenation: du‧ngan

#### Noun

dúngan
* convention, meeting

##### Derived terms

* dunganon
* magdungan
# qorriegħa
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔɔrˈrɪː.ja/
* IPA: /ʔɔrˈrɪː.aˤ/ (archaic)

### Noun

qorriegħa f (plural qorrigħat)
* skull
# impulsively
## English
### Etymology

From impulsive +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adverb

impulsively (comparative more impulsively, superlative most impulsively)
* In an impulsive manner; with force; by impulse.
** 2014 July 22, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Tuesday, Jul 22, 2014:"Of course, this wasn't part of some master plan. I impulsively used my vast power to do something nice without thinking it through. And then something I didn't expect happened. Even though I should have expected it."

#### Related terms

* impulse
* impulsion
* impulsive
* impulsiveness
* impulsor

#### Translations
### References

* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “impulsively”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “impulsively”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# kataan
## Amis
### Noun

kataan
* constipation (state of bowels)
# Culme
## English
### Proper noun

Culme
* An uncommon surname.
# Μαυρίκιος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

A parallel development with Latin Mauricius, from Μαύρικος (Maúrikos) (from Μαῦρος (Maûros, “Moor”) +‎ -ῐκός (-ĭkós)) +‎ -ῐος (-ĭos)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maˈβri.ci.os/ → /maˈvri.ci.os/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /maˈβri.ci.os/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /maˈvri.ci.os/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /maˈvri.ci.os/

### Proper noun

Μαυρίκιος • (Mauríkios) m (genitive Μαυρικίου); second declension (Koine, Byzantine)
* a male surname of historical usage, equivalent to English Maurice or Latin Mauricius, notably borne by Maurice (539–602 C.E.), Latin: Flāvius Tiberius Mauricius, Greek: Φλάβιος Τιβέριος Μαυρίκιος (Phlábios Tibérios Mauríkios); Roman Emperor who ruled the Byzantine Empire from 582 until deposed in 602, last Byzantine emperor of the Justinian imperial dynasty
* a male given name, from the surname

#### Descendants

* Old Armenian: Մաւրիկ (Mawrik)
** Armenian: Մորիկ (Morik)
* Bulgarian: Маврикий (Mavrikij)
* Georgian: მავრიკიოსი (mavriḳiosi)
* Greek: Μαυρίκιος (Mavríkios)
* Russian: Маврикий (Mavrikij)
* Serbo-Croatian: Маврикије, Mavrikije
* Turkish: Mavrikios
* Ukrainian: Маврикій (Mavrykij)

### Further reading

* Μαυρίκιος, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maˈvɾi.ci.os/

### Proper noun

Μαυρίκιος • (Mavríkios) m
* Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)
* Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)
* a male given name, equivalent to English Maurice or Morris

#### Synonyms

* (Morris): Μωρίς m (Morís)

#### Derived terms

* μαυρικιανός (mavrikianós, “Mauritian”, adjective)
* Μαυρικιανός m (Mavrikianós, “Mauritian”)
* Μαυρικιανή f (Mavrikianí, “Mauritian”)

### Further reading

* Μαυρίκιος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# இடையலிங்கம்
## Tamil
### Etymology

இடை (iṭai) +‎ அலிங்கம் (aliṅkam).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iɖaijaliŋɡam/

### Adjective

இடையலிங்கம் • (iṭaiyaliṅkam)
* intersex
    Synonyms: ஊடுபால (ūṭupāla), இன்டர்செக்ஸ் (iṉṭarceks)
# postyr
## Danish
### Etymology

From French posture (“position, position, pose”). The development of the meaning in Danish is due to association with the obsolete noun styr (“noise, trouble”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [poˈsdyɐ̯ˀ]

### Noun

postyr n (singular definite postyret, not used in plural form)
* great attention, unrest, confusion and discussion in connection with a particular matter or event.
    Synonyms: opstandelse, ståhej

### References

* “postyr” in Den Danske Ordbog
# qtajja'
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʔtaj.ja/
* IPA: /ˈʔtaj.jaˤ/ (archaic)

### Noun

qtajja’
* plural of qatgħa
# Knoc
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈknot͡s]

### Proper noun

Knoc m anim (female equivalent Knocová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Knoc”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# kaliwates
## Amis
### Noun

kaliwates
* malignant boil; furuncle; deep-rooted boil
# Salvation Army
## English
### Proper noun

Salvation Army
* A Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion, originally founded to help the poor of London.

#### Derived terms

* Salvationist

#### See also

* citadel
# telgres
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtel.ɡres/, [ˈteɫ.ɣres]

### Noun

telgres
* genitive singular of telgor
# prehër
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* prëhër
* prehën, prëhën — Gheg

### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *prōjena (“front”), from Proto-Indo-European *prō (“forward, in front of, before”). Cognate to Greek πρωΐ (proḯ, “early in the morning”), Old High German fruo (“id”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɾehəɾ/

### Noun

prehër m (plural prehëra, definite prehri, definite plural prehërat)
* bosom, lap
* apron

#### Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* preh
* prej
* pres
* presë

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “prehër”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 342-3
# shuar
## Albanian
### Verb

shuar
* past participle of shuaj

## Spanish
### Adjective

shuar m or f (masculine and feminine plural shuares)
* (relational) of the Shuar people of Ecuador and Peru
    Synonym: jíbaro
** 2017 August, “La Confeniae pide al régimen que reconozca su directiva”, in El Universo‎:Rafael Pandam, líder de la comunidad shuar, advirtió que si el régimen no atiende el reclamo de las organizaciones para detener las operaciones mineras en la Amazonia asistirán a cortes internacionales para exigir el respeto a sus territorios.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

shuar m (uncountable)
* Shuar (language)
    Synonym: jíbaro

### Further reading

* “shuar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# barefooting
## English
### Etymology

From barefoot +‎ -ing.

### Noun

barefooting (uncountable)
* water skiing with bare feet (without water skis)
# Rhynchophanes
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Rhynchophanes m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Calcariidae – the thick-billed longspur.

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# Mikronēzijai
## Latvian
### Proper noun

Mikronēzijai
* dative singular of Mikronēzija
# grerëz
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* grenzë (Gheg)

### Etymology

Enlargement by suffix; grerë +‎ -ëz.

### Noun

grérëz f (definite grerëza) (zoology)
* wasp
* yellowjacket (Vespula germanica)

#### Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

#### Synonyms

* arëz

#### Hyponyms

* grerëz e madhe (“hornet”) (Vespa crabro)
* grerëz e mollës (“European apple sawfly”) (Hoplocampa testudinea)
* grerëz e zakonshme (“paper wasp”) (Polistes gallicus)
# ஈந்து
## Tamil
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *cīntu. Cognate to Telugu ఈత (īta), Malayalam ഈത്ത (ītta), Kannada ಈಚಲ್ (īcal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iːn̪d̪ɯ/

### Noun

ஈந்து • (īntu)
* datepalm (Phoenix doctylifera)
# 果子汁
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ké-chí-chap / kóe-chí-chiap
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ké-chí-chap
*** Tâi-lô: ké-tsí-tsap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kefcyzab
*** IPA (Philippines): /ke⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ke⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sap̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Tainan, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóe-chí-chiap
*** Tâi-lô: kué-tsí-tsiap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koefcyciab
*** IPA (Penang): /kue⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡si⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡siap̚³/
*** IPA (Tainan): /kue⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡si⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siap̚³²/

### Noun

果子汁
* (Hokkien) fruit juice

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 果汁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 果汁兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 果汁 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 果汁 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 果汁 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 果汁 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 果汁 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 果汁 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 果汁, 果子汁 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 果子汁 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 果子汁 |
# refuerzo
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /reˈfweɾθo/ [reˈfweɾ.θo]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /reˈfweɾso/ [reˈfweɾ.so]
* Rhymes: -eɾθo
* Rhymes: -eɾso
* Syllabification: re‧fuer‧zo

### Etymology 1

Deverbal of reforzar.

#### Noun

refuerzo m (plural refuerzos)
* reinforcement
    Synonym: reforzamiento
* strengthening
* support
    Synonym: apoyo
* aid
    Synonym: ayuda

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. Said to originate from fieldworkers who would refer to sandwiches as a "reinforcement" (refeurzo) of their nourishment until their lunchbreak.

#### Noun

refuerzo m (plural refuerzos)
* (Uruguay) sandwich made with sandwich bread
    Synonyms: sánguche, sándwich, sánduche, emparedado

##### Usage notes

Other types of sandwiches, such as sub sandwiches are referred to as sándwiches.

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

refuerzo
* first-person singular present indicative of reforzar

#### Further reading

* “refuerzo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ragħajja
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈraː.ja/, /ˈraj.ja/
* IPA: /ˈraˤːj.ja/ (archaic)
* Homophones: rajha (mostly standard 1), rajja (standard 2)
* Rhymes: -aːja, -ajja, -aˤːjja

### Noun

ragħajja
* plural of ragħaj
* plural of ragħajja

### Noun

ragħajja f (plural ragħajja)
* female equivalent of ragħaj
# flok
## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin, from Latin floccus. Compare Romanian floc.

### Noun

flok m (plural flokë, definite floku, definite plural flokët)
* hair

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “flok”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 100

### Further reading

* Bardhi, Frang (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 10: “capilli — flochete”
* “flok”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “flok”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎

## Dalmatian
### Noun

flok m
* Alternative form of floc

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse flokkr, from Proto-Germanic *flukkaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈflʌɡ]

### Noun

flok c (singular definite flokken, plural indefinite flokke)
* flock

#### Derived terms

* børneflok
* flokdyr
* flokimmunitet
* flokinstinkt
* flokkes
* flokkevis
* flokleder
* flokmentalitet
* flokrøveri
* fugleflok
* fåreflok
* gedeflok
* i flok og følge
* kvægflok
* løfte i flok
* skille sig ud fra flokken
* småflokke
* søskendeflok
* ulveflok

#### References

* “flok” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Maltese
### Etymology

Univerbation of f’ (“in”) +‎ lok (“spot, stead”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /flɔːk/

### Preposition

flok
* instead of
    Synonym: minflok

#### Inflection
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* floc, flokk, vlock

### Etymology

From Old English flocc, from Proto-Germanic *flukkaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /flɔk/

### Noun

flok (plural flokkes)
* flock

#### Descendants

* English: flock
* Yola: vlock

#### References

* “flok, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
# kakahong
## Amis
### Noun

kakahong
* flying fish
# Mikronēziju
## Latvian
### Proper noun

Mikronēziju
* accusative/instrumental singular of Mikronēzija
# howbeit
## English
### Alternative forms

* howbe

### Etymology

Univerbation of how +‎ be +‎ it, literally “however it [may] be”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haʊˈbiː.ɪt/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Conjunction

howbeit
* (archaic) Although.
    Synonyms: albeit, much as; see also Thesaurus:even though
** 1587, Philip of Mornay [i.e., Philippe de Mornay], “That there is but Onely One God”, in Philip Sidney, Arthur Golding, transl., A Woorke Concerning the Trewnesse of the Christian Religion, […], London: […] [John Charlewood and] George Robinson for Thomas Cadman, […], →OCLC, page 18:The Ueynes are ſpred foorth throughout the whole bodie, howbeit from one welhead, that is to ſay from the Liuer: ſo be the Sinews, howbeit from the Brayne; So likewiſe are the Heartſtrings, howbeit from the Heart.
** 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:Howbeit we have not yet been able to overtake young Madam, we may account it ſome good fortune, that we have hitherto traced her courſe aright.

#### Translations
### Adverb

howbeit (not comparable)
* (archaic) Be that as it may; nevertheless.
** c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ix], page 7, column 2:I will goe waſh : / And when my Face is faire, you ſhall perceiue / Whether I bluſh, or no : howbeit, I thanke you, / I meane to ſtride your Steed, and at all times / To vnder-creſt your good Addition, / To th’ faireneſſe of my power.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Galatians 4:8:Howbeit, then when ye knew not God, yee did ſeruice vnto them which by nature are no Gods.
** 1871, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Through Death to Love, lines 7–10:Our hearts discern wild images of Death, Shadows and shoals that edge eternity. Howbeit athwart Death's imminent shade doth soar One Power
** 1941 June, “Some Early Welsh-Built Engines”, in Railway Magazine, page 246:This applies not only to trackwork and operational methods, but also to motive power, and it will be recalled that the first steam locomotive to run on rails (howbeit, tramplates) was Trevithick's Penydarren engine of 1804.

#### Synonyms

* be it as it may, even so, however, nonetheless; see also Thesaurus:nevertheless

#### Translations
### Related terms

* albeit

### References

* “howbeit”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# உச்சுவாசம்
## Tamil
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उच्छ्वास (ucchvāsa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ut͡ɕːuʋaːt͡ɕam/, [ut͡ɕːuʋaːsam]

### Noun

உச்சுவாசம் • (uccuvācam)
* inspiration
# Ursus
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin ursus (“bear”). Doublet of arctos.

### Proper noun

Ursus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Ursidae – bears.

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – supercohort; Eutheria – infraclass; Carnivora – order; Caniformia – suborder; Ursidae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Ursus arctos (brown bear) - type species; Ursus americanus (American black bear), Ursus maritimus (polar bear), Ursus thibetanus (Asian black bear) - other extant species

### References

* Ursus (genus) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Ursus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Ursus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Ursus at AnimalBase
* Ursus at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Ursus in Mammal Species of the World at Bucknell.
* Ursus at World Register of Marine Species

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈur.sus/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ursus
* Syllabification: Ur‧sus
* Homophone: ursus

### Proper noun

Ursus m inan (related adjective ursuski)
* Ursus (a district of Warsaw)

#### Derived terms

* ursusianin
* ursusianka

### Proper noun

Ursus m inan (related adjective ursusowski)
* Ursus (family of agricultural tractors manufactured at the Ursus Mechanical Works in the Ursus district of Warsaw and, since 2011, assembled at Ursus S.A. (formerly Pol-Mot Warfama SA) in Lublin)

#### Derived terms

* ursus

### Further reading

* Ursus in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Ursus in PWN's encyclopedia
# renfrogner
## French
### Etymology

Intercalated from refrogner, from frogner, froncer (“scowl”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁɑ̃.fʁɔ.ɲe/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

renfrogner
* to scowl, frown

#### Derived terms

* renfrognement (“scowling, frowning”)

### Further reading

* “renfrogner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# rama'
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic رَمَعَ (ramaʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈra.ma/
* IPA: /ˈra.maˤ/ (archaic)

### Verb

rama’ (imperfect jarma’)
* (followed by the imperfect) Alternative form of rama: to begin, to start, to commence

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.
# Margarops
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Proper noun

Margarops m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Mimidae – pearly-eyed thrasher.

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# gözəllik
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From gözəl (“beautiful”) +‎ -lik.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

gözəllik (definite accusative gözəlliyi, plural gözəlliklər)
* beauty
# உயர்நிலை
## Tamil
### Etymology

உயர் (uyar) +‎ நிலை (nilai).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ujaɾn̪ilai/

### Noun

உயர்நிலை • (uyarnilai)
* high position
* godhead, divine nature
    Synonym: தெய்வத்தன்மை (teyvattaṉmai)
# ursus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *orssos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”). The initial u- is unexpected, and may have arisen as a taboo distortion. For the outcome s of original *tḱ compare sinō. Doublet of Arctos.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈur.sus/, [ˈʊrs̠ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈur.sus/, [ˈursus]

### Noun

ursus m (genitive ursī); second declension
* a bear

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* ursa
* ursīna
* ursīnus

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: ursu, ussu
* Balkano-Romance:
** Aromanian: ursu
** Romanian: urs
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: orsu
** Italian: orso
** Sicilian: ursu
** Venetan: ors, orso
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: ors
** Ladin: lors
** Romansch: urs, uors
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: os
** Occitan: ors
** Old French: urs
*** Middle French: ours
**** French: ours
*** Walloon: oûsse
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: onso
** Asturian: osu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: usso, osso, husso
*** Fala: osu
*** Galician: oso
*** Portuguese: usso
** Old Spanish: osso
*** Spanish: oso, osso (obsolete), joso (New Mexico)
**** → Yaqui: hooso
** >? Ladino: lonso
* Borrowings:
** → Esperanto: urso
** → Portuguese: urso
** → Translingual: Ursus

### References

* “ursus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ursus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ursus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “ursus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ursus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 645
# refa'
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* rafa’

### Etymology

From Arabic رَفَعَ (rafaʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛ.fa/
* IPA: /ˈrɛ.faˤ/ (archaic)

### Verb

refa’ (imperfect jerfa’, past participle merfugħ, verbal noun rfigħ or rfugħ)
* to lift, to raise
* to heave
* to store
* to exalt
* to reach menopause
* to try to hit someone [with fuq or għal]
* to cease doing something [with minn]
* to save someone [with minn]
* to try to have sex [with għal ‘with’]

#### Conjugation
### See also

* għolla
* tella’
# Filín
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfɪliːn]

### Proper noun

Filín m anim (female equivalent Filínová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Filín”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)