# वृषभ
## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वृषभ (vṛṣabha)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɾu.ʂəbʱ/

### Noun

वृषभ • (vruṣabh) m
* a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
* (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus

### See also

Zodiac signs in Marathi · रास (rās) (layout · text) :
| मेष (meṣ) | वृषभ (vruṣabh) | मिथुन (mithun) | कर्क (karka) |
| सिंह (siuha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तूळ (tūḷ) | वृश्चिक (vruścik) |
| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makar) | कुंभ (kumbha) | मीन (mīn) |

## Sanskrit

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### Alternative scripts

* ৱৃষভ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬺᬱᬪ (Balinese script)
* বৃষভ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰴𑰬𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀾𑀱𑀪 (Brahmi script)
* ဝၖၑဘ (Burmese script)
* વૃષભ (Gujarati script)
* ਵ੍ਰਸ਼ਭ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍃𑌷𑌭 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦽꦰꦨ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑃂𑂭𑂦 (Kaithi script)
* ವೃಷಭ (Kannada script)
* វ្ឫឞភ (Khmer script)
* ວ຺ຣິຩຠ (Lao script)
* വൃഷഭ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡵᡳᢢᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘵𑘬𑘥 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠷᠢᢔᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧖𑧌𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐺𑐲𑐨 (Newa script)
* ଵୃଷଭ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢺꢰꢩ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆸𑆰𑆨 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖴𑖬𑖥 (Siddham script)
* වෘෂභ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩙𑪀𑩳 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚡 (Takri script)
* வ்ரிஷப⁴ (Tamil script)
* వృషభ (Telugu script)
* วฺฤษภ (Thai script)
* ཝྲྀ་ཥ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒵𑒭𑒦 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨯𑨡 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)r̥šabʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥sn̥-bʰó-s, from *wérsēn (“male animal; manly man”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (ar$^ə$šan), Ancient Greek ἄρσην (ársēn), Latin verrēs. Also related to ऋषभ (ṛṣabhá), वृषन् (vṛṣan).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋr̩.ʂɐ.bʱɐ/

### Noun

वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem, m
* a bull (used as an epithet of various gods in the Vedas)
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.31.5:त्वम॑ग्ने वृष॒भः पु॑ष्टि॒वर्ध॑न॒ उद्य॑तस्रुचे भवसि श्र॒वाय्यः॑। य आहु॑तिं॒ परि॒ वेदा॒ वष॑ट्कृति॒मेका॑यु॒रग्रे॒ विश॑ आ॒विवा॑ससि॥tvámagne vṛṣabháḥ puṣṭivárdhana údyatasruce bhavasi śravā́yyaḥ. yá ā́hutiṃ pári védā váṣaṭkṛtimékāyurágre víśa āvívāsasi.Thou, Agni, art a Bull who makes our store increase, to be invoked by him who lifts the ladle up. Well knowing the oblation with the hallowing word, uniting all who live, thou lightenest first our folk.
* the chief, most excellent or eminent, lord or best among (in later language mostly at the end of a compound, or with genitive)
* (astrology) the zodiacal sign Taurus
* a particular drug (described as a root brought from the Himalaya mountains, resembling the horn of a bull, of cooling and tonic properties, and serviceable in catarrh and consumption)

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

### Adjective

वृषभ • (vṛṣabhá) stem
* manly, mighty, vigorous, strong
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.8:प्र ब॒भ्रवे॑ वृष॒भाय॑ श्विती॒चे म॒हो म॒हीं सु॑ष्टु॒तिमी॑रयामि। न॒म॒स्या क॑ल्मली॒किनं॒ नमो॑भिर्गृणी॒मसि॑ त्वे॒षं रु॒द्रस्य॒ नाम॑॥prá babhráve vṛṣabhā́ya śvitīcé mahó mahī́ṃ suṣṭutímīrayāmi. namasyā́ kalmalīkínaṃ námobhirgṛṇīmási tveṣáṃ rudrásya nā́ma.To him the strong, great, tawny, fair-complexioned, I utter forth a mighty hymn of praises. We serve the brilliant God with adorations, we glorify, the splendid name of Rudra.

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* → Pali: vasabha
* Northern:
** Nepali: बसाबा (basābā)
* Southern:
** Dhivehi: އިސަބަ (isaba)
** Sinhalese: වැහැප් (wæhæp, “ox, steer”)
** Marathi: वसू (vasū)
* Eastern:
** Bhojpuri: बसहा (basᵊhā)
** Maithili: बसह (basah)
* Western:
** Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀲𑀳 (vasaha)
*** → Kannada: ಬಸವ (basava)
**** → Tamil: வசவன் (vacavaṉ)
* Central:
** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀲𑀳 (vasaha)
*** Hindi: बसह (basah)
*** Old Awadhi: बसह (basaha)
* → Burmese: ပြိဿ (pri.ssa.)
* → Khmer: ព្រឹសភៈ (prɨhphĕəʼ)
* → Telugu: వృషభము (vr̥ṣabhamu)
* → Thai: พฤษภ (prʉ́-sòp)

### See also

Zodiac signs in Sanskrit · राशिचक्र (rāśicakra) (layout · text) :
| मेष (meṣa) | वृषभ (vṛṣabha) | मिथुन (mithuna) | कर्कटक (karkaṭaka) |
| सिंह (siṃha) | कन्या (kanyā) | तुला (tulā) | वृश्चिक (vṛścika) |
| धनु (dhanu) | मकर (makara) | कुम्भ (kumbha) | मीन (mīna) |

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वृषभ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1012.
* Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma vṛṣabhá