# aparat
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apparātus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ə.pəˈɾat]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.paˈɾat]

### Noun

aparat m (plural aparats)
* (figurative) pomp, ceremony
* (politics) apparatus
    Synonym: aparell

#### Derived terms

* aparatós

### Further reading

* “aparat” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “aparat” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “aparat”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* apparaat (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From Dutch apparaat, from Middle French apparat, from Latin apparātus. Doublet of aparatus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aparat/
* Hyphenation: apa‧rat
* Rhymes: -at

### Noun

aparat (plural aparat-aparat)
* (dated) apparatus, device
    Synonyms: alat, aparatus, perkakas
* apparatus, staff who work directly on maintaining operations; in particular those of a bureaucracy

#### Related terms

* aparatur
* aparatus

### Further reading

* “aparat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish aparat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈpa.rat/
* Rhymes: -arat
* Syllabification: a‧pa‧rat

### Noun

aparat m inan
* apparatus (device with some function)
* (medicine) device (tool that helps someone with a defect or after a disease)
* (biology) system (set of organs responsible for carrying out specific body functions)
* apparatus (system of institutions)
* apparatus (entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished)

### Noun

aparat m pers
* (colloquial) funny guy (person who shocks or makes others laugh with his actions)

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “aparat”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “aparat”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “aparat”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Latvian
### Verb

aparat
* second-person plural present indicative of apart

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin apparātus. First attested in 1549.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈpa.rat/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /aˈpa.rɒt/
* (Masovia):
** (Masurian) IPA: /aˈpa.rat/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arat
* Syllabification: a‧pa‧rat

### Noun

aparat m inan (diminutive aparacik, related adjective aparatowy)
* apparatus (device with some function) [with do (+ genitive) ‘for what’]
** (informal, photography) photographic camera
    Synonyms: aparat fotograficzny, cyfrak
** (telephony) mobile phone, handset
* (medicine) device (tool that helps someone with a defect or after a disease)
    aparat słuchowy ― hearing aid
** (dentistry, informal) braces
* (biology) system (set of organs responsible for carrying out specific body functions)
* apparatus (entirety of means whereby a specific production is made existent or task accomplished)
    Synonyms: aparatura, instrumentarium
* (literary) apparatus (system of institutions)
* (obsolete) utensil, tool, accessory
    Synonym: przybór
* (Middle Polish) preparations; trouble, effort, toil; enthusiasm
* (Middle Polish) ceremony, celebration; magnificence, splendor
* (Middle Polish) method, way
    Synonyms: metoda, sposób
* (Middle Polish) goods; equipment, belongings

#### Declension
### Noun

aparat m pers (female equivalent aparatka)
* (colloquial) funny guy (person who shocks or makes others laugh with his actions)
    Synonyms: agregat, aparacik, model, numer, numerant

#### Derived terms

* aparatczyk
* aparatownia
* aparatura

#### Related terms

* aparatczykowski
* aparaturowy

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: aparat

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), aparat is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 31 times in scientific texts, 11 times in news, 19 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 71 times, making it the 904th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “aparat”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “aparat”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “aparat”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “aparat”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “aparat”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 9

### Further reading

* aparat in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* aparat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Krystyna Siekierska (23.08.2023) “APARAT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “aparat”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “aparat”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “aparat”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 47
* Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “aparat”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 129

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apparatus, German Apparat, French apparat (with senses from appareil). Technically a doublet of apărat, the past participle of apăra (“to defend”) (corresponding to Latin apparatus).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.paˈrat/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at
* Hyphenation: a‧pa‧rat

### Noun

aparat n (plural aparate)
* device
    Synonym: dispozitiv
    aparat radio ― radio receiver (literally, “radio device”)
    aparat de cafea ― coffee maker (literally, “coffee device”)
    aparat de ras ― electic razor (literally, “shaving device”)
    aparat de sudură ― welding machine (literally, “welding device”)
    aparat de proiecție ― projector (literally, “projection device”)
* (physiology, mildly dated) system (set of organs)
    Synonym: sistem
* apparatus (bureaucratic system)
    aparat de stat ― state apparatus
* weight training machine
* (informal) slot machine
* (gymnastics) apparatus (sport implement)
* (obsolete) pomp

#### Derived terms

* aparat auditiv
* aparat cardiovascular
* aparat circulator
* aparat critic
* aparat dentar
* aparat digestiv
* aparat foto
* aparat respirator

#### Related terms

* aparataj
* aparatură

### References

* aparat in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

apàrāt m (Cyrillic spelling апа̀ра̄т)
* apparatus

#### Declension
## Silesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Apparat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈpa.rat/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arat
* Syllabification: a‧pa‧rat

### Noun

aparat m inan (diminutive aparacik)
* apparatus (device with some function) [with do (+ genitive) ‘for what’]

### Further reading

* aparat in silling.org
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “aparat”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 61
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “aparat”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 24

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Borrowed from Latin apparātus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.pa.ɾat/

### Noun

aparat (definite accusative aparatı, plural aparatlar)
* apparatus

#### Related terms

* aparey