# lame
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /leɪm/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪm
* Hyphenation: lame

### Etymology 1

From Middle English lame, from Old English lama (“lame”), from Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz (“lame”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“to tire; to break”).

#### Adjective

lame (comparative lamer, superlative lamest)
* (especially of an animal) Unable to walk properly because of a problem with one's feet or legs.
    Synonym: crippled
    a lame horse
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXIII, page 39:Alone, alone, to where he sits, The Shadow cloak’d from head to foot Who keeps the keys of all the creeds, ⁠I wander, often falling lame, And looking back to whence I came, Or on to where the pathway leads; […]
** (of a limb, especially a foot or leg) That cannot be moved properly.
    Synonym: gammy
** (dated, now offensive) Physically disabled.
    a lame man
* (by extension, dated) Hobbling; limping; inefficient; imperfect.
    Antonyms: efficient, perfect
** a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). Of Industry in General”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:a lame endeavour
** c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:O, most lame and impotent conclusion! […]
** 1801, Isaac Watts, The improvement of the mind, or A supplement to the art of logic:It is the remark of an ingenious writer, should a barbarous Indian, who had never seen a palace or a ship, view their separate and disjointed parts, and observe the pillars, doors, windows, cornices and turrets of the one, or the prow and stern, the ribs and masts, the ropes and shrouds, the sails and tackle of the other, he would be able to form but a very lame and dark idea of either of those excellent and useful inventions.
** 1856, J. W. Redhouse, An English and Turkish Dictionary‎, page xx:The ی consonant is our English y […] It is really a sad mistake for us, who possess this useful consonant, to adopt the lame expedient to which other languages are forced to have recourse, namely, the use of the vowel i, with or without the diaresis over it.
* (colloquial) Unconvincing or unbelievable.
    Synonym: weak
    Antonyms: convincing, believable
    He had a really lame excuse for missing the birthday party.
* (colloquial) Uncool, uninteresting, or unfunny.
    He kept telling these extremely lame jokes all night.

##### Derived terms

* crutches for lame ducks
* help a lame dog over a stile
* lamage
* lamebrain
* lame duck
* lame-head
* lamely
* lameness
* lame-o
* lame sickness
* lamestream
* lame-stream

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

lame (third-person singular simple present lames, present participle laming, simple past and past participle lamed)
* (transitive) To cause (a person or animal) to become lame.
    Synonyms: cripple, disable
** [1877], Anna Sewell, “A Job Horse and his Drivers”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part II, pages 134–135:And if you don't want to lame your horse, you must look sharp and get them [stones stuck in hooves] out quickly.
** 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 6, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:Now her soul felt lamed in itself. It was her hope that was struck.

##### Translations
#### Noun

lame (plural lames)
* (prison slang) A stupid or undesirable person.
** 2011, Lil' Kim (lyrics and music), “Black Friday”:You lames tryna clone my style and run wit it.

### Etymology 2

From Middle French lame, from Latin lāmina. Doublet of lamina.

#### Noun

lame (plural lames)
* A thin layer or plate of material, as in certain kinds of armor.
    Synonyms: lamella (sometimes diminutive), lamina (sometimes synonymous)
** 2013, Paul F Walker, History of Armour 1100-1700, Crowood, →ISBN:This rim involved a raised rolled edge on the rerebrace that was inserted into a raised lip on the lower lame of the pauldron. This lip allows the arm to rotate without the need for leather straps and can be clearly seen carved on to the effigy […]
** 2015, Anne Curry, Malcolm Mercer, The Battle of Agincourt, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 120:These pauldrons are generally asymmetrical with the left pauldron wider than the right, which is cut away for the passage of the lance. It would be attached to the shoulder by points through a restored leather tab on the top lame at the apex […]
* (in the plural) A set of joined overlapping metal plates.
* A kitchen tool for scoring bread dough before baking.

##### Related terms

* lamé
* lamellar (adj)
* lamellate (adj)
* lamellation
* lamination

##### Translations
### References

* ↑ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*lamjan- w.v. ‘to beat (up), cripple’”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 326

### Anagrams

* Elma, mela, mela-, amel, -meal, meal, alme, Lema, male-, Male, male, leam, Leam, Elam, Malé, lema

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlame]
* Rhymes: -ame
* Hyphenation: la‧me

### Adverb

lame
* lamely

## Estonian
### Etymology

From lamama +‎ -e.

### Adjective

lame (genitive lameda, partitive lamedat, comparative lamedam, superlative kõige lamedam)
* flat

#### Declension
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin lāmina, through the accusative lāminam. Doublet of lamine, a borrowing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lam/
* Audio (Quebec, Montreal):(file)
* Rhymes: -am
* Homophone: lames

### Noun

lame f (plural lames)
* lamina
* blade
* wave
* tarot card

#### Related terms

* lamé m
* lamer
* lamellaire
* lamelle
* laminer
* lamineur m

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: llama
* → Italian: lama
* → Persian: لام (lâm, “microscope slide”)

### Further reading

* “lame”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* mâle, mêla

## Friulian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin lāmina. Compare Romansch loma, lama, French lame, Italian and Venetan lama.

### Noun

lame f (plural lamis)
* blade

## German
### Etymology

From the English adjective lame.

### Adjective

lame (strong nominative masculine singular lamer, not comparable)
* (slang) boring; unimpressive
* (slang) unskilled; useless
    Ich wollte nicht sagen, dass das, was die machen, total lame ist.I didn’t want to say that what they are doing is totally lame.

#### Declension
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈla.me/
* Rhymes: -ame
* Hyphenation: là‧me

### Noun

lame f
* plural of lama

### Anagrams

* alme, male, mela

## Mauritian Creole
### Etymology

From French main.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lame]

### Noun

lame
* hand

## Middle English
### Verb

lame
* To shine.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?)

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

lame
* (non-standard since 2012) definite singular of lam
* (non-standard since 2012) plural of lam

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

lame m (definite singular lameen, indefinite plural lamear, definite plural lameane)
* alternative spelling of lamé

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɑː.me/

### Noun

lāme
* dative singular of lām

## Old French
### Noun

lame oblique singular, f (oblique plural lames, nominative singular lame, nominative plural lames)
* blade (of a weapon)

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlame]

### Noun

lame f
* inflection of lamă:
** indefinite plural
** indefinite genitive/dative singular

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlame/ [ˈla.me]
* Rhymes: -ame
* Syllabification: la‧me

### Verb

lame
* inflection of lamer:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Swedish
### Adjective

lame
* definite natural masculine singular of lam