# 十二
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shí'èr
       (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄦˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^2$ er$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыэр (šɨer, I-III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sap$^6$ ji$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sip$^5$ ngei$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): siit$^7$ eo$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍p-ngi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): seb$^6$ ngi$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): seh$^5$ er$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): sí-nī
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĕk-nê
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p-lī / cha̍p-jī / cha̍p-gī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zab$^8$ ri$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$zeq-gni$_6$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr$^6$ e$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shí'èr
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄦˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíh-èr
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$-êrh$^4$
*** Yale: shŕ-èr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrell
*** Palladius: шиэр (šier)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^2$ er$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sr
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩²¹ ɚ²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыэр (šɨer, I-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɛɻ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sap$^6$ ji$^6$
*** Yale: sahp yih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sap$^9$ ji$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seb$^6$ yi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐp̚² jiː²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sip$^5$ ngei$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /sip̚³² ᵑɡei³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: siit$^7$ eo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɨt̚² ɵ¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍p-ngi
*** Hakka Romanization System: siib ngi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sib$^6$ ngi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨp̚⁵ ŋi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: seb$^6$ ngi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /səp̚⁵ ŋi⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: seh$^5$ er$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /səʔ⁵⁴⁻² əɻ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí-nī
*** Sinological IPA : /si⁵⁴ ni⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕk-nê
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ nˡɛi²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-lī
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-lī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zabli
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴⁻² li⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² li³³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡sap̚³⁵⁻² li³¹/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sap̚⁵⁴⁻³² li²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-jī
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-jī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zabji
*** IPA (Yilan): /t͡sap̚⁵⁻² d͡zi³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻³² zi³³/
*** IPA (Tainan): /t͡sap̚⁴⁻¹ d͡zi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ d͡zi²²/
** (Hokkien: Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p-gī
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p-gī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zabgi
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zab$^8$ ri$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p jĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zeq-gni$_6$
*** MiniDict: zeh$^入$ nyi$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$zeq-nyi$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ n̠ʲi²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zəʔ²² n̠ʲi⁵²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: shr$^6$ e$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /sz̩²⁴ ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzyip nyijH
Rime :
| Character | 十 | 二 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (141) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 是執切 | 而至切 |
| Baxter | dzyip | nyijH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiɪp̚/ | /ȵiɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /ȵi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjep̚/ | /ȵʑjɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /ȵi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiəp̚/ | /ȵi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭĕp̚/ | /ȵʑi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯əp̚/ | /ȵʑi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí | èr |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sap$^6$ | ji$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[ɡ]əp ni[j]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub njis/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 十 | 二 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shí | èr |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyip › | ‹ nyij$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*t.[ɡ]əp/ | /*ni[j]-s/ |
| English | ten | two |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 十 | 二 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11452 | 2824 |
| Phonetic component | 十 | 二 |
| Rime group | 緝 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 十 | 二 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡjub/ | /*njis/ |

### Numeral

十二
* twelve; 12
    十二宵夜 ― shí'èr xiāoyè ― twelve nights

#### Derived terms

* 十二分 (shí'èrfēn)
* 十二宮 / 十二宫 (shí'èrgōng)
* 十二律 (shí'èrlǜ)
* 十二指腸 / 十二指肠 (shí'èrzhǐcháng)
* 十二支 (shí'èrzhī)
* 十二星座 (shí'èr xīngzuò)
* 十二月 (shí'èryuè)
* 十二月份 (Shí'èryuèfèn)
* 十二枝 (“a kind of lottery”)
* 十二次 (shí'èrcì)
* 十二生相
* 十二生相變透透 / 十二生相变透透
* 十二生肖 (shí'èr shēngxiào)
* 十二點 / 十二点 (shí'èrdiǎn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 十二(じゅうに) (jūni)
* → Korean: 십이(十二) (sibi)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 十 | 二 |
| じゅう Grade: 1 | に Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じゅうに [jùúníꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* IPA: [d͡ʑɨːɲ̟i]

### Numeral

十(じゅう)二(に) • (jūni)
* twelve; 12

#### Coordinate terms

v • d • eJapanese numbers :
| Number | Kanji | Kana | Romaji |
| 0 | 零 | れい、ゼロ | rei, zero |
| 1 | 一、壱、弌、壹 | いち | ichi |
| 2 | 二、弐、貳、貮 | に | ni |
| 3 | 三、参 | さん | san |
| 4 | 四、肆 | よん、し | yon, shi |
| 5 | 五、伍 | ご | go |
| 6 | 六、陸 | ろく | roku |
| 7 | 七、漆 | なな、しち | nana, shichi |
| 8 | 八、捌 | はち | hachi |
| 9 | 九、玖 | きゅう、く | kyū, ku |
| 10 | 十、拾 | じゅう | jū |
| 100 | 百、陌、佰 | ひゃく | hyaku |
| 1,000 | 千、阡、仟 | せん | sen |
| 10,000 | 一万、万、一萬、萬 | いちまん、まん | ichiman, man |
| 100,000,000 | 一億、億 | いちおく、おく | ichioku, oku |

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 十 | 二 |

### Numeral

十二 • (sibi) (hangeul 십이)
* hanja form of 십이 (“twelve”)