# his
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English his, from Old English his (“his; its”), from Proto-Germanic *hes (“of this”), genitive of Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this”). Cognate with Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic hans (“his”). More at he; see also its.

#### Alternative forms

* His (honorific)

#### Pronunciation

* (stressed)
** (UK, US, Canada, General Australian) IPA: /ˈhɪz/
* Audio (US):(file)
** (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈhɘz/
* (unstressed form)
** IPA: /ɪ̈z/
** (weak vowel merger) IPA: /əz/
* Rhymes: -ɪz

#### Determiner

his
* Belonging to him. [from 8th c.]
** 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IIII, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 41:With that he put his ſpurres vnto his ſteed, With ſpeare in reſt, and toward him did fare, Like ſhaft out of a bow preuenting ſpeed.
** 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or otherwise his man would be there with a message to say that his master would shortly join me if I would kindly wait.
** 2011 April 8, Xan Rice, “Ivory Coast: 100 more bodies found as ethnic tensions rise”, in The Guardian‎:In his first televised address since the siege in Abidjan began this week, Ouattara said he would focus on returning the country to normal to ease the plight of civilians.
* (sometimes dated) Belonging to a person of unspecified gender.
** 1751, David Hume, “(please specify the page)”, in An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:On the contrary, those other passions, commonly denominated selfish, both produce different sentiments in each individual, according to his particular situation […]
** 2003, Norman L. Geisler, Winfried Corduan, Philosophy of Religion: Second Edition, page 9:It is our conviction that piecemeal critiques of nontheisms will not suffice. The theist must enter the arena with a positive and comprehensive case of his own.
* (obsolete) Its; belonging to it. (Now only when implying personification.) [11th–17th c.]
** 1530 July 18, Iohan Palſgrave, “The Introduction”, in Leſclarciſſement de la langue francoyſe […] ‎, London: Richard Pynſon, Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, page 32; reprinted as Lesclarcissement de la langue françoyse, Genève: Slatkine Reprints, 1972:In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes […]
** 1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Drunkennesse”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 200:My ſtomacke could not well reach ſo farre: it is very much troubled to come to an end of that which it takes for his neede.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 5:13, column 1:Yee are the ſalt of the earth: But if the ſalt haue loſt his ſauour, wherewith ſhall it bee ſalted?
* (archaic) Used as a genitive marker in place of ’s after a noun, especially a masculine noun ending in -s, to express the possessive case. [from 11th c.]
    Ahab his mark for Ahab's mark.
    Sejanus his Fall

##### Usage notes

* When followed by a noun, it is sometimes referred to as a possessive adjective, qualifying the following noun. It is, however, the possessive case of the personal pronoun he.
* (fourth sense) See His genitive on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

##### Derived terms

* Hislam

##### Translations

Albanian: tij (sq)
American Sign Language: FlatB@Chesthigh-FingerUp
Arabic: ـهُ (ar) (-hu), (possessive pronoun) لَه (lah)
Egyptian Arabic: ـه (-u), (possessive pronoun) ليه (li) بتاعو m (betaʕo) بتاعتو f (betaʕto) بتوعو pl (betoʕo)
Armenian: նրա (hy) (nra)
Old Armenian: նորա (nora)
Aromanian: seu, (a) lui
Asturian: so (ast)
Bahamian Creole: he own
Belarusian: яго́ (jahó), яго́ны (jahóny) (common, colloquial), свой (svoj) (own, generic)
Bikol Central: saiya (bcl) (before a noun), niya (bcl) (after a noun)
Breton: e (br)
Bulgarian: не́гов (négov), свой (svoj) (own, generic)
Burmese: သူ့ (su.)
Catalan: seu (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 他的 (zh) (tā de)
Coptic: ⲡⲉϥ m (pef), ⲧⲉϥ f (tef), ⲛⲉϥ m pl or f pl (nef)
Czech: jeho (cs), svůj (cs) (own, generic)
Danish: hans (da)
Dutch: zijn (nl) m
Egyptian: (.f)
Esperanto: lia (eo)
Estonian: tema (et), ta (et)
Finnish: hänen (fi)
French: son (fr) m, sa (fr) f, ses (fr) pl
Friulian: so, sô
Galician: seu (gl) m, súa f, seus m pl, súas f pl
Georgian: მისი (misi), თავისი (tavisi)
German: sein (de) m, n, seine (de) f, seine (de) pl
Alemannic German: siin m, sini f, siis n
Gothic: 𐌹𐍃 (is)
Greek: του (el) m (tou)
Ancient: (genitive of personal pronoun) αὐτοῦ (autoû); (medial, proximal, distal demonstrative) τούτου (toútou), τοῦδε (toûde), ἐκείνου (ekeínou); (Epic demonstrative) τοῦ (toû); (Epic possessive adjective) ὅς (hós), ἑός (heós)
Greenlandic: uuma
Hawaiian: kona, kāna
Hebrew: שלו (he) (sheló)
Hindi: उसका (uskā), इसका (iskā), उनका (hi) (unkā) (formal)
Hungarian: -a (hu), -e (hu), -ja, -je
Ido: ilua (io)
Interlingua: su
Irish: a (ga)
Italian: suo (it) m, sua (it) f, suoi (it) pl, sue (it) f pl
Japanese: 彼の (ja) (かれの, kare no)
Kalmyk: энүнә (enünä), терүнә (terünä)
Korean: 그의 (ko) (geuui)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: wî (ku)
Kyrgyz: анын (ky) (anın)
Latin: suus (la), eius (la), illius
Latvian: viņa (lv)
Lithuanian: savas
Louisiana Creole French: sô m, sâ f, sê pl
Lower Sorbian: jogo
Luxembourgish: säi, senger
Macedonian: негов (negov), свој (svoj) (own, generic)
Maltese: tiegħu, tagħhom pl
Maori: tāna (singular dominant), tōna (singular subordinate), āna (plural dominant), ōna (plural subordinate), tana (singular neutral and informal), ana (plural neutral or informal)
Navajo: bi-
Ngarrindjeri: kinauwe
Norwegian:
Bokmål: hans (no), sin (no) (own, generic)
Nynorsk: hans, hass (dialectal), sin (own, generic)
Nyunga: balup
Occitan: seu (oc), seuna (oc)
Odia: ତାର (or) (tāra)
Ojibwe: o-
Persian: او (fa) (u)
Pipil: i-
Polish: jego (pl), swój (pl)
Portuguese: seu (pt)
Romani: lesqo m, lesqi f, lesqe pl
Romanian: său (ro) m, sa f, săi pl, sale (ro) f pl, lui (ro)
Romansch: ses, sia
Russian: его́ (ru) (jevó), свой (ru) (svoj) (own, generic)
Scottish Gaelic: a
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: њѐгов, сво̑ј (own, generic)
Roman: njègov, svȏj (sh) (own, generic)
Slovak: jeho (sk), svoj (own, generic)
Slovene: njegôv (sl), svój (own, generic)
Spanish: su (es) sg, sus (es) pl
Swedish: hans (sv), sin (sv) (reflexive)
Tagalog: niya, (usually preceded by sa) kaniya (all both male and female)
Telugu: వాడి (te) (vāḍi) (informal), అతని (atani), ఆయన (te) (āyana) (formal)
Thai: ของเขา (kɔ̌ɔng kǎo)
Tigrinya: ናቱ m (natu)
Tlingit: du
Turkish: onun (tr)
Ukrainian: його́ (uk) (johó), свій (uk) (svij) (own, generic)
Upper Sorbian: jeho
Urdu: اس کا (us ka, is ka), ان کا (un ka) (formal)
Venetan: so (vec) m or m pl or f or f pl
Vietnamese: của anh ấy, của nó, của hắn
Volapük: omik (vo)
Waray-Waray: iya, ira pl
West Frisian: syn (fy)
Zulu: possessive concord + -khe class 1 (most common), -wo class 3, -lo class 5, -so class 7, -yo class 9, -lo class 11 :

#### Pronoun

his (plural his)
* That or those belonging to him; the possessive case of he, used without a following noun.
    This pen is his. These books are also his.
    The decision was his to live with.
    His is bigger than mine.
    That cough of his is really getting on my nerves. (double possessive)
* (informal) His house or home.
    After our night out, I went back to his.
* Alternative spelling of His

##### Translations

American Sign Language: FlatB@Chesthigh-FingerUp
Armenian: իր (hy) (ir)
Azerbaijani: onunku, onun
Bikol Central: saiya (bcl)
Catalan: el seu m, la seva f, els seus pl, les seves f pl
Coptic:
Bohairic: ⲫⲱϥ m (phōf), ⲑⲱϥ f (thōf), ⲛⲟⲩϥ pl (nouf)
Sahidic: ⲡⲱϥ m (pōf), ⲧⲱϥ f (tōf), ⲛⲟⲩϥ pl (nouf)
Czech: jeho (cs)
Danish: hans (da)
Dutch: de zijne, aan hem
Egyptian: (pꜣy.f m), (tꜣy.f f), (nꜣy.f pl)
Esperanto: lia (eo)
Finnish: hänen (fi)
French: le sien (fr) m, la sienne (fr) f, les siens (fr) pl, les siennes (fr) f pl
German: seiner (de) f, seine (de) f or pl, seines (de) n, sein (de) m or f or n, der Seine m, die Seine f, das Seine n, die Seinen pl, seins (de) n
Greek: δικός του (el) m (dikós tou), δικιά του f (dikiá tou), δική του (el) f (dikí tou), δικό του (el) n (dikó tou), δικοί του (el) m pl (dikoí tou), δικές του (el) f pl (dikés tou), δικά του (el) n pl (diká tou)
Hebrew: שלו (he), שלו (he) (shelo)
Hungarian: (az) övé (hu)
Ido: ilua (io)
Latin: eius (la), suus (la), illius, huius (la)
Latvian: viņa (lv), viņējs, viņējais
Norwegian:
Bokmål: hans (no)
Nynorsk: hans
Portuguese: dele (pt)
Romanian: al lui (ro) m, al său (ro) m, a sa f, ai săi m pl, ale sale (ro) f pl
Russian: его́ (ru) (jevó)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: њѐгов, сво̑ј
Roman: njègov, svȏj (sh)
Shor: ааң
Slovak: jeho (sk)
Slovene: njegôv (sl)
Spanish: suyo (es) m sg, suya (es) f sg, suyos (es) m pl, suyas (es) f pl
Swedish: hans (sv)
Tagalog: kaniya (both male and female)
Tuvan: ооңуу (ooñuu)
Yakut: киниэнэ (kiniene) :

#### See also

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are in italics.
personal pronounpossessive pronounpossessive determiner
subjective
objective
reflexive
first personsingular
I me (colloquial)memyself me mysenminemy mine (before vowels, archaic) me
plural
weusourselves ourself oursenoursour
second personsingular
standard (historically formal)
youyouyourself yoursenyours yourn (obsolete outside dialects)your
archaic (historically informal)
thoutheethyself theeself thysenthinethy thine (before vowels)
plural
standard
you ye (archaic)youyourselvesyours yourn (obsolete outside dialects)your
colloquial
you all y'all you guysyou all y'all you guysy'allselvesy'all's you guys' your guys' (proscribed)y'all's your all's (nonstandard) you guys' your guys' (proscribed)
informal / dialectal
(see list of dialectal forms at you and inflected forms in those entries)
third person
singular
masculine
hehimhimself hisself (archaic) hissenhis hisn (obsolete outside dialects)his
feminine
sheherherself hersenhers hern (obsolete outside dialects)her
neuter
it hitit hititself hitselfits his (archaic)its his (archaic) hits
genderless
theythemthemself, themselvestheirstheir
nonspecific (formal)
oneoneoneself–one's
plural
theythem hem, 'emthemselves theirsentheirs theirn (obsolete outside dialects)their :
* he
* her
* hers
* him
* his/her
* hisn
* his'n

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

his
* plural of hi
** 2009, John M. Carney, Welcome to Tranquility:The Hikkams pushed a table over by the booth where the Lochwoods and Meekums were sitting, exchanged his and sat down.

### Anagrams

* -ish, Hsi, IHS, Ish, Shi, ish, shi

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ïjs (“smell, odour”). Cognate with Chuvash йӑс (jăs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [his]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

his (definite accusative hisi, plural hislər)
* soot, (black) smoke, fume
    Synonym: qurum

#### Declension
## Danish
### Noun

his n
* indefinite genitive singular of hi

## Finnish
### Etymology

From German His (German key notation).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhis/, [ˈhis̠]
* Rhymes: -is
* Hyphenation: his

### Noun

his
* (music) B-sharp

#### Usage notes

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of his (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hisini
hisini
accusative
nom.
hisini
hisini
gen.
hisini
genitive
hisini
hisieni
partitive
hisiäni
hisejäni
inessive
hisissäni
hiseissäni
elative
hisistäni
hiseistäni
illative
hisiini
hiseihini
adessive
hisilläni
hiseilläni
ablative
hisiltäni
hiseiltäni
allative
hisilleni
hiseilleni
essive
hisinäni
hiseinäni
translative
hisikseni
hiseikseni
abessive
hisittäni
hiseittäni
instructive
comitative
—hiseineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hisisi
hisisi
accusative
nom.
hisisi
hisisi
gen.
hisisi
genitive
hisisi
hisiesi
partitive
hisiäsi
hisejäsi
inessive
hisissäsi
hiseissäsi
elative
hisistäsi
hiseistäsi
illative
hisiisi
hiseihisi
adessive
hisilläsi
hiseilläsi
ablative
hisiltäsi
hiseiltäsi
allative
hisillesi
hiseillesi
essive
hisinäsi
hiseinäsi
translative
hisiksesi
hiseiksesi
abessive
hisittäsi
hiseittäsi
instructive
comitative
—hiseinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hisimme
hisimme
accusative
nom.
hisimme
hisimme
gen.
hisimme
genitive
hisimme
hisiemme
partitive
hisiämme
hisejämme
inessive
hisissämme
hiseissämme
elative
hisistämme
hiseistämme
illative
hisiimme
hiseihimme
adessive
hisillämme
hiseillämme
ablative
hisiltämme
hiseiltämme
allative
hisillemme
hiseillemme
essive
hisinämme
hiseinämme
translative
hisiksemme
hiseiksemme
abessive
hisittämme
hiseittämme
instructive
comitative
—hiseinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hisinne
hisinne
accusative
nom.
hisinne
hisinne
gen.
hisinne
genitive
hisinne
hisienne
partitive
hisiänne
hisejänne
inessive
hisissänne
hiseissänne
elative
hisistänne
hiseistänne
illative
hisiinne
hiseihinne
adessive
hisillänne
hiseillänne
ablative
hisiltänne
hiseiltänne
allative
hisillenne
hiseillenne
essive
hisinänne
hiseinänne
translative
hisiksenne
hiseiksenne
abessive
hisittänne
hiseittänne
instructive
comitative
—hiseinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
hisinsä
hisinsä
accusative
nom.
hisinsä
hisinsä
gen.
hisinsä
genitive
hisinsä
hisiensä
partitive
hisiään hisiänsä
hisejään hisejänsä
inessive
hisissään hisissänsä
hiseissään hiseissänsä
elative
hisistään hisistänsä
hiseistään hiseistänsä
illative
hisiinsä
hiseihinsä
adessive
hisillään hisillänsä
hiseillään hiseillänsä
ablative
hisiltään hisiltänsä
hiseiltään hiseiltänsä
allative
hisilleen hisillensä
hiseilleen hiseillensä
essive
hisinään hisinänsä
hiseinään hiseinänsä
translative
hisikseen hisiksensä
hiseikseen hiseiksensä
abessive
hisittään hisittänsä
hiseittään hiseittänsä
instructive
comitative
—hiseineen hiseinensä :

## Latin
### Pronoun

hīs
* dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of hic

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English his, from Proto-Germanic *hes (“of this”), genitive of Proto-Germanic *hiz (“this, this one”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe-, *ḱey- (“this”).

#### Alternative forms

* hys, hise, hyse, hiss, hisse, hyss, hysse, hijs, is, ys, isse, hes, hese, hesse, es, heis, heys, hus

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /his/
* (mainly when unstressed) IPA: /iz/

#### Determiner

his (nominative masculine pronoun he, nominative neuter pronoun hit)
* Third-person singular masculine possessive determiner: his, of him.
* Third-person singular neuter possessive determiner: its, of it.
* Used in place of the possessive suffix -es to denote possession by an antecedent noun.
** 1470, Thomas Malory, Works:And Claudas his knyghts brake theire spearis(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Descendants

* English: his
* Scots: his
* Yola: his, hys, hays

#### Pronoun

his (nominative he)
* Third-person singular masculine genitive pronoun: his.

##### Synonyms

* hisen

##### Descendants

* English: his

#### References

* “his, pron.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 8 May 2018.
* “his, pron.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 9 May 2018.

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* hys, hise, is, ys, hies, hes, es, as

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /his/
* (mainly when unstressed) IPA: /iz/

#### Pronoun

his (nominative heo)
* Third-person singular feminine genitive determiner: her, of her.

##### Synonyms

* hire

#### References

* “hir(e), pron.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 10 June 2018.

## Navajo
### Alternative forms

* xis (in older Americanist literature)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xɪ̀s]

### Noun

his
* pus

#### Inflection
## Old English
### Pronoun

his
* genitive of hē: his
* genitive of hit: its

#### Descendants

* Middle English: his
** English: his
** Scots: his
** Yola: his, hys, hays

## Scots
### Determiner

his
* his

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish حس (hiss), from Arabic حِسّ (ḥiss). Compare to Azerbaijani hiss.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /his/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

his (definite accusative hissi, plural hisler)
* feeling, sensation, emotion
    Synonym: duygu

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
his
hisler
definite accusative
hissi
hisleri
dative
hisse
hislere
locative
histe
hislerde
ablative
histen
hislerden
genitive
hissin
hislerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
hissim
hislerim
2nd singular
hissin
hislerin
3rd singular
hissi
hisleri
1st plural
hissimiz
hislerimiz
2nd plural
hissiniz
hisleriniz
3rd plural
hisleri
hisleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
hissimi
hislerimi
2nd singular
hissini
hislerini
3rd singular
hissini
hislerini
1st plural
hissimizi
hislerimizi
2nd plural
hissinizi
hislerinizi
3rd plural
hislerini
hislerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
hissime
hislerime
2nd singular
hissine
hislerine
3rd singular
hissine
hislerine
1st plural
hissimize
hislerimize
2nd plural
hissinize
hislerinize
3rd plural
hislerine
hislerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
hissimde
hislerimde
2nd singular
hissinde
hislerinde
3rd singular
hissinde
hislerinde
1st plural
hissimizde
hislerimizde
2nd plural
hissinizde
hislerinizde
3rd plural
hislerinde
hislerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
hissimden
hislerimden
2nd singular
hissinden
hislerinden
3rd singular
hissinden
hislerinden
1st plural
hissimizden
hislerimizden
2nd plural
hissinizden
hislerinizden
3rd plural
hislerinden
hislerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
hissimin
hislerimin
2nd singular
hissinin
hislerinin
3rd singular
hissinin
hislerinin
1st plural
hissimizin
hislerimizin
2nd plural
hissinizin
hislerinizin
3rd plural
hislerinin
hislerinin :

#### Derived terms

* altıncı his (sixth sense)
* hisli
** hislilik
* hissiz
** hissizlik
* hissetmek
** hissettirmek
* hislenmek
* hissî
* hissiyat

#### Related terms

* mütehassis
* tahassüs

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “his”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Uzbek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حِسّ (ḥiss).

### Noun

his (plural hislar)
* feeling

#### Derived terms

* hissi

## Welsh
### Preposition

his
* h-prothesized form of is

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yola
### Alternative forms

* hys, hays

### Etymology

From Middle English his, from Old English his, from Proto-West Germanic *his.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɪz/, /heːz/

### Determiner

his
* his
** 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:An a priesth o' parieshe on his lhaung-tyel garraane.And the priest of the parish on his long tail pony.
** 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:An a priesth o parieshe on his garrane baun,The priest of the parish on his white pony,
** 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:Hea marreet dear Phielim to his sweet Jauane.He married dear Phelim to his sweet Joan.
** 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:Ingsaury neileare (pidh?) his niz outh o' harr.J——N—— put his nose out of socket.
** 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:Lhaung life to Misteare Reedforth an his vamilee,Long life to Mister Radford and his family;

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 94