# نور
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

The “light” noun is inherited from Proto-Semitic *nūr-.

#### Pronunciation

* Verb: IPA: /naw.wa.ra/
* Noun 1: IPA: /nawr/
* Noun 2: IPA: /nuːr/

#### Verb

نَوَّرَ • (nawwara) II (non-past يُنَوِّرُ (yunawwiru), verbal noun تَنْوِير (tanwīr))
* to flower, to blossom
* to light, to radiate, to illuminate
* to shed light
* to enlighten

##### Conjugation
#### Noun

نَوْر • (nawr) m (collective, singulative نَوْرَة f (nawra), plural أَنْوَار (ʔanwār))
* blossoms, blooms

##### Declension
#### Noun

نُور • (nūr) m (plural أَنْوَار (ʔanwār))
* light, ray of light, light beam
    الْقَمَرُ يُضِيءُ اللَّيْلَ بِنُورِهِ السَّاحِر.al-qamaru yuḍīʔu l-layla bi-nūrihi s-sāḥir.The moon illuminates the night with its enchanting light.
* brightness, gleam, glow
* illumination
* lamp, light, lantern
* headlight

##### Derived terms

* نُورِيّ (nūriyy)

##### Related terms

* أَنَارَ (ʔanāra, “to enlighten”)
* نَار (nār, “fire”)
* مَنَارَة (manāra, “lighthouse”)
* تَنْوِير (tanwīr, “enlightenment”)
* أَنْوَر (ʔanwar)
* مَنْوَر (manwar)

##### Descendants

* → Avar: нур (nur)
* → Azerbaijani: nur
* → Bashkir: нур (nur)
* → Bengali: নূর (nur)
* → Malay: nur
* → Ottoman Turkish: نور (nur)
** Turkish: nur
** → Albanian: nur
** → Romanian: nur
* → Persian: نور (nur)
** Tajik: нур (nur)
* → Tabasaran: нур (nur)
* → Swahili: nuru
* → Uyghur: نۇر (nur)
* → Uzbek: nur

#### Proper noun

نُور • (nūr) m or f
* a unisex given name, Noor

##### Declension

(male)
(female)

##### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: نور (nūr)
* → Persian: نور (nur)

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* نَوَار (nawār)

#### Noun

نَوَر • (nawar) m (collective, singulative نَوَرِيّ m (nawariyy))
* Nawar, one of the tribes of Doms in Egypt
* Gypsies
* tramps, vagabonds

##### Declension
### Etymology 3
#### Verb

نور (form IV)
* نُورِ (nūri) /nuː.ri/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of أَوْرَى (ʔawrā)
* نُورَ (nūra) /nuː.ra/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of أَوْرَى (ʔawrā)

## Kashmiri
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

نور • (nōr) m (Devanagari नोर)
* tube, pipe, conduit
* a large tubular intestine

## Malay
### Noun

نور (plural نور-نور or نور٢, informal 1st possessive نورکو, 2nd possessive نورمو, 3rd possessive نورڽ)
* Jawi spelling of nur‎

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نُور (nūr, “light, ray of light”), from Proto-Semitic *nūr- (“light”).

### Noun

نور • (nur) (definite accusative نوری (nuru), plural انوار (envâr) or نیران (nirân))
* light, the electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye
    Synonyms: آیدین (aydın), ایشق (ışık)
* light, any source of illumination, such as a candle, lightbulb, torch, lamp, streetlight, etc.
    Synonyms: آیدین (aydın), ایشق (ışık), چراغ (çerağ, çirağ), سراج (sirac)

#### Derived terms

* نور افشان (nur efşan, “that diffuses light”)
* نور الهی (nur-ı ilâhi, “divine glory”)
* نور بخش (nur bahş, “light-giving, glorious”)
* نور ساده (nur-ı sade, “God's effulgence”)
* نور طوپی (nur topu, “angelic infant”)
* نور عذرا (nur-ı ʼuzra, “halo of the Virgin Mary”)
* نور مبین (nur-ı mübin, “Mohammed”)
* نور پاش (nur paş, “brilliant, luminous”)
* نور چشم (nur-ı çeşm, “one's darling child”)
* نورانی (nurani, “shining with light”)
* نورلو (nurlu, “shining, luminous”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: nur
* → Albanian: nur
* → Romanian: nur

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “nur1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3569
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “nûr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1011
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1290
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lumen”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 980
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5273
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “nur”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2110

## Pashto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nwar/

### Noun

نوَر • (nwar) m
* Alternative form of لمر

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نُور (nūr).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [nuːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nuːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nuːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [nuːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [nuɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [nuːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [nuɾ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

نور • (nur) (plural انوار (anvâr) or نورها (nur-hâ))
* light
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 884:آن کسی که او ببیند روی خویش نور او از نور خلقان است بیشān kas-ē ki ō bi-bīnad rōy-i xwēš nūr-i ō az nūr-i xalqān ast bēšHe that beholds his own face (reality)— his light is greater than the light of the creatures (of God).

#### Derived terms

* نورانی (nurâni)
* نوردرمانی (nur-darmâni)
* نورافشانی (nurâfšâni)

### Proper noun

نور • (nur)
* a female given name, Noor, Nur, or Nour, from Arabic

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نُور (nūr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nuːr/, [nuːr]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Noun

نور • (nūr) m (plural أنوار (ʔanwār))
* (formal) light (mainly used in greeting)
    Synonym: ضوّ (ḍaww)
    صباح النور ― ṣabāḥ in-nūr ― good morning (literally, “morning of the light”)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian نُور (nūr), from Arabic نُور (nūr). Compare Bengali নূর (nur).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /nuːɾ/
* Rhymes: -uːɾ

### Noun

نُور • (nūr) m (Hindi spelling नूर) (uncountable)
* light, illumination
* splendour
* (religion) divine light
** (figuratively) a spiritual leader
* (Qur'an) name of a chapter.

#### Declension
### Proper noun

نور • (nūr) m or f by sense (Hindi spelling नूर)
* a unisex given name, Noor, from Arabic

### Further reading

* “نور”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “نور”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “نور”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “نور”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* S. W. Fallon (1879) “نور”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
* John Shakespear (1834) “نور”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC