# m

| m | U+006D, &#109; LATIN SMALL LETTER M |
| ← l [U+006C] | Basic Latin | n → [U+006E] |
| ᵐ | U+1D50, &#7504; MODIFIER LETTER SMALL M |
| ← ᵏ [U+1D4F] | Phonetic Extensions | ᵑ → [U+1D51] |
| ⅿ | U+217F, &#8575; SMALL ROMAN NUMERAL ONE THOUSAND |
| ← ⅾ [U+217E] | Number Forms | ↀ → [U+2180] |
| ｍ | U+FF4D, &#65357; FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER M |
| ← ｌ [U+FF4C] | Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms | ｎ → [U+FF4E] |
| 𝆐 | U+1D190, &#119184; MUSICAL SYMBOL MEZZO |
| ← 𝆏 [U+1D18F] | Musical Symbols | 𝆑 → [U+1D191] |

## Translingual
### Etymology 1

Modification of capital letter M, from Ancient Greek letter Μ (M, Mu).

#### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
* (Variations of letter M): Ḿḿ Ṁṁ Ṃṃ ᵯ ᶆ Ɱɱ ᴍ Ｍｍ M̄m̄
* (other scripts) μ (mu), м (em)
* Turned: ɯ

### Etymology 2

Various abbreviations.

#### Pronunciation

* Pronunciation of IPA [mːɑː, ɑmmɑː] with the sound [m]:(file)

#### Symbol

m
* (phonetics) used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and in several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent the voiced bilabial nasal (/m/), including Cyrillic м, the beginning of various kana including ま (ma), and Korean jamo ㅁ (mieum).
* (superscript ⟨ᵐ⟩, IPA) light to full [m]-prenasalization, [m]-release or light post-nasalization, [m]-coloring, or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [m].
* metre, the basic unit of length in the International System of Units
* mass
* month
* million [from mid-20th century]
* thousand
    Synonym: k
** 1798 Letter from William Short to Thomas Jefferson
    Having made a divorce with politics as I have already mentioned I have only to trouble you on my personal affairs ... —The principle & most pressing is that of the 9. m. dollars—
* (music) minor
* (music) mezzo, as in mezzo piano and mezzo forte
* (chemistry) Of a tactic diad, having structural units in identical orientation.

### Etymology 3

From upper case roman numeral M (1000), an alteration of ⋈, from ∞, an alteration of ↀ, an alteration of Ⓧ, from encircling X (the roman numeral for ten) to indicate the hundredth ten.

#### Alternative forms

* M, ⅿ, Ⅿ

#### Numeral

m (lower case roman numeral, upper case M)
* (Roman numerals) The cardinal number one thousand (1000).

##### Synonyms

* ⅭⅠↃ

### Gallery

* Letter styles
* Uppercase and lowercase versions of M, in normal and italic type
* Uppercase and lowercase M in Fraktur

### See also

Other representations of M:
| NATO phonetic: Mike Morse code: –– Braille: ⠍ ASL Manual: M | Signal flag: | Semaphore: |

## English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ɛm/
** Audio (US):(file)
** Audio (UK):(file)
** Rhymes: -ɛm
* (phoneme): IPA: /m/

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M, plural ms or m's)
* The thirteenth letter of the English alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

##### Derived terms

* m-ary
* m-spec
* m-word
* m-xylene

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

#### Number

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The ordinal number thirteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

Abbreviations.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of am.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of him.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of my and mine.
* (Stenoscript) Abbreviation of many.
* (Stenoscript) the prefix mis-.
* (Stenoscript) the prefix im-.

#### Adjective

m
* (grammar) Abbreviation of masculine.

#### Noun

m (plural ms)
* Abbreviation of meter.
* Abbreviation of mile.
* Abbreviation of month.
* Abbreviation of minute.
** 1908, Francis Ernest Lloyd, The Physiology of Stomata, Carnegie Institution of Washington, page 83:Another instance: 2$^h$28$^m$ p. m., 10 micra; 3$^h$08$^m$ p. m., 0 micra; irrigated with water: 3$^h$09$^m$ p. m., 4 micra.
* Abbreviation of million.
** 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport‎:The final started with £85m worth of striking talent on the bench as Carroll was a Liverpool substitute and Chelsea's Fernando Torres missed out on a starting place against his former club.
* Abbreviation of minim (“unit of volume”).
* (music) Abbreviation of measure.
* (obsolete) thousand
** 1798 Letter from w:William Short (American ambassador) to Thomas Jefferson:
    Having made a divorce with politics as I have already mentioned I have only to trouble you on my personal affairs ... —The principle & most pressing is that of the 9. m. dollars—

#### Verb

m
* (knitting) make
** 2011, Kristi Porter, Knitting Patterns For Dummies, page 232:Row 1 (RS): Kfb, knit to marker A, slip marker A, knit to marker B (there are no sts to knit between markers A and B in Row 1), m1, slip marker B, k1, slip marker B, m1, […]

##### Translations
#### See also

* M

## Amal
### Noun

m
* breast

### References

* transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m lower case (upper case M)
* The nineteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eme/, [e̞.me̞]

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called eme and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈe.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈe.me], [ˈem]

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Catalan alphabet, called ema, eme, or em and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lletres; A a (À à), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ï ï), J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Central Mazahua
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ⱥ ⱥ, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cꞌ cꞌ, Cj cj, Cu cu, Cꞌu cꞌu, Cju cju, Ch ch, Chꞌ chꞌ, Chj chj, D d, Dy dy, E e, Ɇ ɇ, E̱ e̱, G g, Gu gu, Hu hu, ꞌHu ꞌhu, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jꞌ jꞌ, Jm jm, Jn jn, Jñ jñ, Ju ju, Jy jy, L l, M m, Mꞌ mꞌ, N n, Nꞌ nꞌ, Ñ ñ, Ñꞌ ñꞌ, O o, Ø ø, O̱ o̱, P p, Pj pj, R r, S s, T t, Tꞌ tꞌ, Tj tj, Ts ts, Tsꞌ tsꞌ, Tsj tsj, U u, Ꞹ ꞹ, U̱ u̱, X x, Z z, Zh zh, ꞌ

## Czech
### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The twentieth letter of the Czech alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, E e, É é, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, P p, Q q, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, Ů ů, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Dutch
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛm
* (letter name): IPA: /ɛm/

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* Previous letter: l
* Next letter: n

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

m
* (text messaging) Nonstandard form of 'm.

## Egyptian
### Etymology 1

Often suggested to be cognate to Hebrew בְּ־ (bə-), Arabic بِـ (bi-); however, more recent scholarship disputes this on phonological grounds, as Egyptian m is not held to regularly correspond with Semitic *b by either the traditional school of Egyptian comparison or the Rösslerian school.

#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ma/ → /mə/ → /mə/ → /m̩/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ma/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /mə/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /mə/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /m̩/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ɛm/
** Conventional anglicization: em

#### Preposition

* in
* (of time) in, for, during
* (with certain verbs of motion) into
* (with most verbs of motion) from within, out of, from
* (of material) made of, consisting of
* (of contents, e.g. of a group) consisting of, comprising
* by means of
* in a state of
* in the capacity of, in the role of, as, being
* together with, along with
* (with following infinitive) forms the periphrastic imperfective of a verb

##### Usage notes

This preposition is often used with definition 9 to indicate temporary identity, so, for example, z m ꜣhw (“the man is a poor man”) implies that this a temporary, rather than an eternal or generally true, state. Egyptian generally has an expansive view of what counts as a temporary identity compared to English.

##### Inflection

jm :

##### Alternative forms

m :
When the object of the preposition is an attached suffix pronoun, the adverbial form jm is used instead.

##### Derived terms

* ꜣḫ m jb
* ꜣst-m-ꜣḫ-bjt
* jj-m-ḥtp
* jw-m-jtrw
* jw-n-ꜣmw-m-sḫt-sjsj
* jwḥ m zšn
* jp m jb
* jm
* jmj
* jmjtw
* jmy
* jmn-m-jpt
* jmn-m-jpt-swt
* jmn-m-ḥꜣt
* wꜣḥ-nsyt-mj-rꜥ-m-pt
* wꜥ m
* pwj-m-rꜥ
* pr-m-ws
* m ꜣw
* m ꜣwt ḏt
* m ꜣmmt
* m ꜣt
* m ꜣt.f
* m ꜣt nt
* m ꜣt r ꜣt
* m jꜣbwj
* m jfd
* m-jmjtw
* m-jmjtw-nj
* m-ꜥ
* m ꜥb
* m-ꜥ ntt
* m wḥm
* m wḥm ꜥ
* m wsṯn
* m bꜣḥ
* m-bjꜣt
* m mꜣwt
* m mjtt
* m mnt
* m ḥꜣt
* m ḥr
* m ḥrt
* m ḥtp
* m ḫm
* m ḫnt
* m ḫt
* m ḫd
* m ẖnw
* m ẖrt-hrw
* m zp
* m sꜣ
* m sḫm
* m qꜣb
* m km n ꜣt
* m tꜣ ꜣt
* mdwt m ḥr
* m ḏd
* nj zp jwt ḫt nb jm
* nmtj-m-zꜣ.f
* ntt m jb
* rw nw prt m hrw
* rḏj m jb
* rḏj m ḥr
* ḥꜣt-ꜥ m
* ḥr-m-ꜣḫt
* ḥr-m-ꜣḫt-ḫprj-rꜥ-tm
* ḥr-m-ꜥḥ.f
* ḥr-m-pr.f
* ḥr-m-ḥꜣt
* ḫꜥ-m-wꜣst
* sbk-m-ḥꜣb
* kꜣ-nḫt-ḫꜥ-m-wꜣst

### Etymology 2

Possibly originally a verb form, an imperative meaning ‘see’.

#### Particle

proclitic
* (chiefly Old and Middle Egyptian, with a suffix pronoun) behold, lo, look
    Synonym: (Late Egyptian) ptr
* (without a suffix pronoun) whether, although

##### Usage notes

This particle must introduce a sentence. In Middle Egyptian, it is usually followed by an attached second-person suffix pronoun, such as .k, .ṯ, .ṯnj, or .ṯn, indicating the person being addressed; after this comes the subject, in the form of a nominal subject, a demonstrative pronoun, or a dependent pronoun. In Old Egyptian, a dependent pronoun could be used instead of a suffix pronoun, reflecting the word’s origins as an imperative.

##### Alternative forms

| m | m |

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

* imperative of jmj (“to not be, to not do”): don't

##### Alternative forms

m :

### See also

* 𓅓

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 86, 115, 179–180, 194–195.
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 15
* ↑ Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, →ISBN

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /mo/
* (phoneme): IPA: /m/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called mo and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈemː/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called emm and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

## Etulo
### Pronoun

ḿ
* I, first-person singular pronoun
    ḿ wēnî — I drink water
    ḿ wēnī — I drank water

### References

* Rose-Juliet Anyanwu, Fundamentals of Phonetics, Phonology and Tonology (2008)

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The fifteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

## Finnish
### Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and m for information on the development of the glyph itself.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈæm/, [ˈæm] (letter name)
* IPA: /ˈem/, [ˈe̞m] (letter name, dated)
* Audio: äm, mämmi, kumi, äm:(file)
* Rhymes: -æm

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called äm or em and written in the Latin script.

### Noun

m
* Abbreviation of miehet (“gentlemen”) (used to mark toilets and similar installations to be for men only)
    Synonyms: miehet, (rare) herrat
    Antonyms: n, naiset, (rare) rouvat

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

## French
### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ɛm/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.
** 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche‎, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter III:L’aube du jour commençait à poindre quand don Quichotte sortit de l’hôtellerie, si content, si glorieux, si plein de ravissement de se voir armé chevalier, que sa joie en faisait tressaillir jusqu’aux sangles de son cheval.The dawn of the day was beginning to break when Don Quixote left the inn, so content, so glorious, so full of ravishment of seeing himself armed a knight, that his joy made him tremble all the way to the girths of his horse.

## Fula
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

## Ghomala'
### Preposition

m
* Situative Relativizer.
    M cù bɛ̌ ― At the bottom of the pot.
* to, towards, at, in

### See also

* m̀

### References

* Erika Eichholzer (editor) et al, Dictionnaire ghomala’ (2002)

## Gothic
### Romanization

m
* Romanization of 𐌼

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

Contraction of mwen, from French moi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Pronoun

m
* Contraction of mwen.

## Hawaiian
### Alternative forms

* (letter name) mū

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ˈmuː/
* (phoneme) /m/

### Letter

m
* The ninth letter of the Hawaiian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a (Ā ā), E e (Ē ē), I i (Ī ī), O o (Ō ō), U u (Ū ū), H h, K k, L l, M m, N n, P p, W w, ʻ

## Hungarian
### Etymology 1

Abbreviation of méter (“meter”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmeːtɛr]

#### Noun

m (plural m-ek)
* m (the unit of length in the International System of Units)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: [ˈm]
* (letter name): IPA: [ˈɛmː]

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The twenty-first letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called emm and written in the Latin script.

##### Declension
### See also

* (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

### Further reading

* m in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ɛmː/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* (context pronunciation) IPA: /m/
* (letter name) IPA: /me/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Igbo
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

#### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The nineteenth letter of the Igbo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2

Compare with Yoruba n̄

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

#### Pronoun

m (dependent/independent form, independent forms m, mụ)
* (personal) I, me

#### See also

| | | dependent | independent | object/possessive |
| Singular | first | m, a/e- ... -m | m, mụ | m, mụ |
| Singular | second | ị, i | ngị, gị | gị |
| Singular | third | ọ, o | ya | ya |
| Plural | first | anyị | anyị | anyị |
| Plural | second | ụnụ | ụnụ | ụnụ |
| Plural | third | ha, a/e- ... -ha | ha | ha |
| Indefinite | Indefinite | a/e | - | - |

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /ɛm/
* (phoneme): IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Ingrian
### Noun

m (invariable)
* Abbreviation of metra.
** 1937, N. S. Popova, translated by Mihailov and D. I. Efimov, Arifmetiikan oppikirja alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 18:1 m = 10 dm, 1 dm = 10 sm,1 m = 10 dm, 1 dm = 10 cm,

## Irish
### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The twelfth letter of the Irish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (Á á), B b (Bh bh, bhF bhf, bP bp), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh, dT dt), E e (É é), F f (Fh fh), G g (gC gc, Gh gh), H h, I i (Í í), L l, M m (mB mb, Mh mh), N n (nD nd, nG ng), O o (Ó ó), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th, tS ts), U u (Ú ú), V v
* (diacritics) ◌́ ◌̇
* (dotted letters used chiefly in Gaelic type) Ḃ ḃ, Ċ ċ, Ḋ ḋ, Ḟ ḟ, Ġ ġ, Ṁ ṁ, Ṗ ṗ, Ṡ ẛ ṡ, Ṫ ṫ

## Italian
### Letter

m f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case M)
* The eleventh letter of the Italian alphabet, called emme and written in the Latin script.

## Kankanaey
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog m. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English m.

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ʔem/ [ʔem]
** Rhymes: -em
* (phoneme) IPA: /m/ [m]

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### References

* Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

## Kashubian
### Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and m for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The eighteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, Ã ã, B b, C c, D d, E e, É é, Ë ë, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, O o, Ò ò, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ù ù, W w, Y y, Z z, Ż ż

## Latin
### Letter

m
* The letter of the Latin alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Latvian
### Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [m]
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The twentieth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Letters of the Latvian alphabet:
    burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

## Livonian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The nineteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

## Malay
### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The seventeenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) ittra; A a, B b, Ċ ċ, D d, E e, F f, Ġ ġ, G g, Għ għ, H h, Ħ ħ, I i, Ie ie, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Ż ż, Z z

## Mandarin
### Romanization

m
* Nonstandard spelling of m̄.
* Nonstandard spelling of ḿ.
* Nonstandard spelling of m̌.
* Nonstandard spelling of m̀.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Mandinka
### Pronoun

m
* I, me (personal pronoun)
    a m busa — he/she struck me.

#### See also
## Navajo
### Letter

m (upper case M)
* A letter of the Navajo alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á, Ą ą, Ą́ ą́), B b, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e (É é, Ę ę, Ę́ ę́), G g, Gh gh, H h, Hw hw, X x, I i (Í í, Į į, Į́ į́), J j, K k, Kʼ kʼ, Kw kw, ʼ, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n (Ń ń), O o (Ó ó, Ǫ ǫ, Ǫ́ ǫ́), S s, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tł tł, Tłʼ tłʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## North Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [m]

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* A letter of the North Frisian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (North Frisian letters): a, ä, å, ā, b, c, d, đ, e, ē, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, ö, p, r, s, t, u, ü, v, w (q, x, y, z)

## Norwegian
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /emː/, /ɛmː/
* (phoneme): IPA: /m/
* Audio:(file)

### Letter

m
* The thirteenth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Word-final m is written single after short vowels (e.g. komme > kom), unlike all other consonants that can be doubled. This is due to the letter's width.

## Nupe
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /m/, IPA: /ŋ/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

## Polish
### Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and m for development of the glyph itself.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛm/

### Letter

m (upper case M, lower case)
* The seventeenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Brazil):(file)

### Letter

m (upper case M, lower case b)
* The thirteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Romani
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* (International Standard) The seventeenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
* (Pan-Vlax) The eighteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called em, me, or mî and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă, Â â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Î î, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology 1
#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The eleventh letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by l and followed by n. Its traditional name is muin (“vine”).

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) litir; A a (À à), B b (Bh bh), C c (Ch ch), D d (Dh dh), E e (È è), F f (Fh fh), G g (Gh gh), H h, I i (Ì ì), L l, M m (Mh mh), N n, O o (Ò ò), P p (Ph ph), R r, S s (Sh sh), T t (Th th), U u (Ù ù)
* (diacritics) ◌̀
* (obsolete vowels) Á á É é Ó ó

### Etymology 2
#### Adverb

m
* Abbreviation of sa mhadainn (“in the morning, ante meridiem”); am, a.m.
    Antonyms: f, feasgar

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* (uppercase): M

### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (Cyrillic spelling м)
* The 18th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet, preceded by lj and followed by n.

### Noun

m ? (Cyrillic spelling м)
* (grammar) masculine gender
* meter (unit of length)

## Silesian
### Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and m for development of the glyph itself.

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ã ã, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ŏ ŏ, Ō ō, Ô ô, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

## Skolt Sami
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The twenty-first letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a, Â â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [m]

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The twenty-third letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, Ä ä, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, Dz dz, Dž dž, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ĺ ĺ, Ľ ľ, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, Q q, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

## Spanish
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (phoneme) /m/
* IPA: (letter name) /ˈeme/ [ˈe.me]
** Audio (Spain):(file)
** Rhymes: -eme

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /me/ [me]
* Rhymes: -e

#### Pronoun

m
* (text messaging) Abbreviation of me.

## Swahili
### Verb

m
* (dated or literary) positive degree present and gnomic second-person plural of -wa (“ye are, you all are”)
** 1937, “1 Petero 2:9”, in Biblia (Swahili Roehl Bible), translation from New International Version:Lakini ninyi m ukoo uliochaguliwa, m watambikaji wa kifalme, m chama kitakatifu, m watu wakombolewao, […]But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God’s special possession, […]

#### Derived terms

* m hali gani (“how are you all?”)

#### See also

* u, yu

## Swedish
### Preposition

m
* w/, with; Abbreviation of med.

#### See also

* m.a.o.
* m.fl.
* m.m.
* mvh

### Proper noun

m
* Moderate Party; Abbreviation of Moderaterna.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish m. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English m.
* Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜋ (ma).
* Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish m.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈʔem/ [ˈʔɛm] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -em
** IPA: /ˈma/ [ˈma] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -a
** IPA: /ˈʔeme/ [ˈʔɛː.mɛ] (letter name, Abecedario)
*** Rhymes: -eme
** IPA: /m/ [m] (phoneme)

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋ᜔)
* The thirteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called em and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M, Baybayin spelling ᜋ)
* The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called ma and written in the Latin script.

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜋᜒ)
* (historical) The fifteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called eme and written in the Latin script.

### Further reading

* “m”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Turkish
### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The sixteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called me and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harf; A a (Â â), B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i (Î î), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u (Û û), Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

## Turkmen
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* The fifteenth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called em and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation 1

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [məː˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [məː˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [məː˨˩]
* Phonetic spelling: mờ

### Pronunciation 2

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧ məː˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧ məː˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɛm˧˧ məː˨˩]
* Phonetic spelling: em mờ

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French m.

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called mờ or em mờ and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* See Template:list:Latin script letters/vi.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

m
* (slang, Internet, text messaging) Abbreviation of mày / mi.

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: /ɛm/
** (informal) IPA: /m/

### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The seventeenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called èm and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by l and followed by n.

### Mutation

* m at the beginning of words mutates to f in a soft mutation, but is unchanged by nasal mutation and aspirate mutation, for example with the word merch (“girl, daughter”):
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “m”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Xhosa
### Pronoun

-m
* Combining stem of mna used with possessive concords.
* Combining stem of mna.

## Yele
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/, /ⁿ/

### Letter

m (upper case M)
* A letter of the Yele alphabet.

#### Derived terms

* The digraph ⟨mb⟩ transcribes the single consonant /ⁿp/ [mb]
* The digraph ⟨md⟩ transcribes the single consonant /ⁿʈ͡p/ [ɳ͡mɖ͡b]
* The digraph ⟨mg⟩ transcribes the single consonant /ⁿk͡p/ [ŋ͡mɡ͡b]
* The digraph ⟨mt⟩ transcribes the single consonant /ⁿt̪͡p/ [n̪͡md̪͡b]
Palatalized consonants are written ⟨mby, mty, my⟩, labialized consonants as ⟨mbw, mw⟩, and labio-palatalized consonants as ⟨mbyw, myw⟩.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, â, b, Ch ch, D d, e, é, ê, Gh gh, i, î, j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, o, ó, P p, T t, U u, V v, W w, Y y, ꞉

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /m/, IPA: /ŋ/
* (letter name): IPA: /mĩ́/

#### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The fourteenth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called mí and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
* (Benin)
* (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋ̄/

#### Pronoun

m̄ or m
* Standard spelling of n̄ (“I”) (used before bá (“conditional marker”))

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋ́/

#### Particle

ḿ
* Standard spelling of ń (“imperfect aspect marker”) (used before verbs that start with a /b/ sound)

## Zulu
### Letter

m (lower case, upper case M)
* The thirteenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

## ǃKung
### Verb

m
* eat