# 破相
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pòxiàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): po$^3$ soeng$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phò-siòng / phòa-siòⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): pua$^3$ sion$^3$ / pua$^3$ siên$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pòxiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pòsiàng
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^4$-hsiang$^4$
*** Yale: pwò-syàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pohshianq
*** Palladius: посян (posjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pòxiàngr
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pòsiàngr
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^4$-hsiang$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: pwò-syàngr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pohshianql
*** Palladius: посянр (posjanr)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: po$^3$ soeng$^3$
*** Yale: po seung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: po$^3$ soeng$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: po$^3$ sêng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔː³³ sœːŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phò-siòng
*** Tâi-lô: phò-siòng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoirsioxng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰo²¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-siòⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phuà-siònn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoarsvioix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ siɔ̃²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: pua$^3$ sion$^3$ / pua$^3$ siên$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuà siòⁿ / phuà sièⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sĩõ²¹³/, /pʰua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sĩẽ²¹³/
* pua3 sion3 - Shantou;
* pua3 siên3 - Chaozhou.

#### Verb

破⫽相 (verb-object)
* (of one's face) to be marred by a scar (as a result of an accident or a disease)
* (Teochew) to fall ill; to feel unwell
* (Teochew) to not recover from injury

##### Synonyms

* (to fall ill):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 生病, 得病, 患, 患病, 害病, 染病, 發病, 病倒, 帶病, 抱病, 抱恙, 罹病, 罹患 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 病, 得病, 鬧病, 不舒服 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 病, 生病, 不舒服 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 病, 作病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 生病 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 生病 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 長病, 病, 不好, 不熨貼, 不舒坦, 不得勁兒, 鬧症候 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 得病, 病病兒, 不濟, 不熨貼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 害病, 生病, 病, 有病兒, 不好, 不老兒好, 不美氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 犯病, 難過 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 病, 不得勁 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 害病, 得病, 病, 不受活 of an adult, 不乖 of a child |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 病下, 得病, 不爽快 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 得病, 害病, 病, 不舒坦, 不舒服, 不如適, 出故事 of a child, 出症兒 of a child, 出症 of a child |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 得病, 病下, 不行下, 不受活, 不乖 of a child |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 得病, 害病, 不受活, 不乖 of a child |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 害病, 有病, 得病, 不好, 不清乾 Hui |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 害病, 病 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 病下, 不舒坦, 不爽快, 不輕身 of an adult, 不乖 of a child, 變狗 of a child |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 病下, 害病, 不舒服 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 害病, 得病, 病, 不好, 不安逸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 害病, 病, 有病, 不好, 不舒服, 不乖 of a child, 做狗狗 of a child |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 痛病, 痛, 生病, 不好在, 不安逸, 逗狗 of a child |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 不好 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 病 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 病, 做狗崽 of a child, 做狗 of a child |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 生病, 害病, 不爽快, 不爽, 不舒服 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 害病, 不好過 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 不好過 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 害病, 病, 不伸坦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 病, 唔舒服, 唔精神, 唔自然 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 病, 唔舒服, 唔精神 dated, 唔自然 dated |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 有病 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 有病 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 病 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 病, 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 病 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 病, 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 病 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 病, 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 病, 唔舒服 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 病, 唔精神 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 唔養得 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 病, 得病, 無自由 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 生病, 病 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 生病 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 生病 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 發病 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 有病 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 病 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 病 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 生病, 病, 不好過, 不舒服 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 病 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 病, 不熨貼 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 發病, 起病, 唔自然, 唔舒服, 犯病 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 有病 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 唔做得 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 唔做得 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 病 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 病 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 病 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 發病仔, 發病, 破病, 著病, 得病, 致病, 唔鬆爽, 唔自然 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 發病, 破病, 著病, 得病, 致病, 唔鬆爽, 唔自然 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 發病, 著病, 破病, 得病, 致病, 唔鬆爽, 唔自然 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 破病, 著病, 得病, 致病, 唔鬆爽, 唔快活, 唔自然 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 發病仔, 發病, 破病, 著病, 得病, 致病, 唔鬆爽, 唔自然 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 破病, 著病, 無快活, 無堵好 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 病 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 生病 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 病 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 害病, 起病 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 病, 害病, 鬧病, 難活 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 難過 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 病 |
| Jin | Linhe | 病 |
| Jin | Jining | 病 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 難過 |
| Jin | Baotou | 病 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 病 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 難活 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 病, 凊著, 伓鬆爽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 破病, 病去, 𣍐爽快, 做犬 of a child |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 破病, 著病, 致病, 無爽, 無好勢, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 破病, 毋好, 著病, 致病, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 破病, 著病, 致病, 毋愛, 𣍐乖 of a child |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 破病 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 破病, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 破病, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 破病, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 破病, 艱苦 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 毋好, 破病 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 病 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 生病, 唔好, 無若好 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 破相, 儂孬 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 破相, 儂孬 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 著病, 破病, 生毛 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 唔寬活, 儂孬 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 破病 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 惡抵 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 惡耐, 生病 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 病, 病痛, 惡抵, 惡耐 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 病, 惡耐 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 唔精神 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 病 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 病 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 生病, 生毛病, 有毛病, 勿適意, 勿舒服 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 無得力氣 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 生病, 生毛病, 勿適意, 勿鬆 suburbs |
| Wu | Wuxi | 生病 |
| Wu | Danyang | 生病, 害病, 弗好過, 無本事 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 生毛病, 不舒服 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 生病, 病, 否好過 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 生病, 弗好過 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 得病, 病, 不好過 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 病 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 病, 不好過 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 生病 |

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phòa-siùⁿ / phòa-siòⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-siùⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phuà-siùnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoarsviux
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴¹ siũ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹⁻⁵³ siũ¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siũ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Singapore): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴² siũ²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ siũ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-siòⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phuà-siònn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoarsvioix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ siɔ̃²¹/

#### Verb

破相
* (Hokkien) to be disabled; to have a deformity
    From: 1989, 王華 (lyrics), 王明輝 (music), 計程車, performed by 黑名單工作室 [Blacklist Studio]
    lí tòng-bōe-tiâu, góa nā phòa-siùⁿ, kiò góa chóaⁿ-iūⁿ kè [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    If you [the driver] can't get a grip, if I become disabled [from a traffic accident], tell me, how I'm going to get married?

##### Synonyms

* 殘疾／残疾 (cánjí)

#### Noun

破相
* (Hokkien) disabled person

##### Synonyms

* 殘疾人／残疾人 (cánjírén)
* (derogatory, offensive) 殘廢人／残废人 (cánfèirén)

### References

* “破相”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.