# Alexander
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Alexander, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) + ἀνδρ- (andr-), the stem of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). Doublet of Alastair and Alejandro.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌælɪɡˈzændɚ/
** (æ-tensing, rhotic) IPA: [ˌælɪɡˈzeəndɚ]
** (æ-tensing, non-rhotic) IPA: [ˌælɪɡˈzeəndə]
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌalɪɡˈzɑːndə/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: Al‧ex‧an‧der
* Rhymes: -ɑːndə(ɹ), -ændə(ɹ)

### Proper noun

Alexander (plural Alexanders)
* A male given name from Ancient Greek, most famously held by Alexander the Great.
** c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:Why may not imagination trace the noble dust of Alexander, till he find it stopping a bung-hole?
** 1765, Laurence Sterne, Tristram Shandy, Book IV, Chapter 18:And for my own part, said my uncle Toby, though I should blush to boast of myself, Trim - yet had my name been Alexander, I could have done no more at Namur than my duty.
** 1985, Anne Tyler, The Accidental Tourist, →ISBN, page 170:"My son's name is Alexander," Muriel said. "Did I tell you that? I named him Alexander because it sounded high-class.
* A Scottish surname originating as a patronymic, anglicized from Scottish Gaelic Mac Alasdair (“son of Alexander”).
* A place in the United States:
** A city in Pulaski County and Saline County, Arkansas.
** An unincorporated community in Burke County, Georgia; named for early settler Hugh Alexander.
** A minor city in Franklin County, Iowa.
** A minor city in Rush County, Kansas; named for early settler Alexander Harvey.
** A town in Washington County, Maine; named for British politician and financier Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton.
** A town and village therein, in Genesee County, New York; named for early settler Alexander Rea.
** A minor city in McKenzie County, North Dakota; named for early North Dakota politician Alexander McKenzie.
** An unincorporated community in Upshur County, West Virginia; named for local lumber businessman John M. Alexander.
* A rural municipality in eastern Manitoba, Canada.
* A community in the Rural Municipality of Whitehead, Manitoba, Canada; named for early settler Alexander Speers.

#### Derived terms

* Al
* Alec
* Aleck
* Alex
* Alexander Archipelago
* Alexander Archipelago wolf
* Alexander beetle (Megadromus antarcticus)
* Alexander County
* Alexander Hamilton
* Alexander horned ball
* Alexander horned sphere
* Alexander I Island
* Alexander Island
* Alistair
* Lex
* Mount Alexander
* Sandro
* Sandy
* Sasha
* Xan
* Xander

#### Related terms

* Alexandra and its variants
* shorter forms such as Alex, Sandy or Xander

#### Translations
### Noun

Alexander (plural Alexanders)
* Alternative letter-case form of alexander

### Anagrams

* Alexandre

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈalɛksandr̩]

### Proper noun

Alexander m anim
* a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Alexander” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “Alexander”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Proper noun

Alexander
* a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Related terms

* (male given names:) Alex
* (female forms:) Alexandra, Sandra, Sascha

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Alexander m
* a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Related terms

* Alexandra
* Sander

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˌalɛˈksandɐ]
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: A‧le‧xan‧der

### Proper noun

Alexander
* a male given name, feminine equivalent Alexandra or Sandra, equivalent to English Alexander; diminutive forms Alex, Sandro, Sascha

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒlɛksɒndɛr]
* Hyphenation: Ale‧xan‧der
* Rhymes: -ɛr

### Proper noun

Alexander
* a male given name

#### Declension
## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːlɛksantɛ(ː)r/

### Proper noun

Alexander m (proper noun, genitive singular Alexanders)
* a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Related terms

* variants: Alex
* female forms: Alexandra, Sandra

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) +‎ ἀνδρός (andrós, genitive of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /a.lekˈsan.der/, [äɫ̪ɛkˈs̠än̪d̪ɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /a.lekˈsan.der/, [äleɡˈzän̪d̪er]

### Proper noun

Alexander m (genitive Alexandrī); second declension
* A masculine praenomen.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

#### Descendants

* Corsican: Lisandru
* Emilian: Alessander
** ⇒ Emilian: Alesànder
* Italian: Alessandro
** Sicilian: Alissantru
* Ligurian: Lusciandro
* Lombard: Lissander
* Old Navarro-Aragonese:
** → Asturian: Aleixandre
* Neapolitan: Alessandro
* Old French: Alixandre
** French: Alexandre
*** → Breton: Aleksandr, Alesant
** Norman: Alexandre
* Old Leonese:
** Asturian: Xandru, Alexandru
** Extremaduran: Alejandru
** Mirandese: Alxandre
* Old Occitan:
** Catalan: Alexandre
** Occitan: Alexandre
* Old Galician-Portuguese: Alexandre
** Galician: Alexandre
** Portuguese: Alexandre, Alexandro
*** → Vietnamese: Alexanđê
* Old Spanish:
** Ladino: Aleksandro
** Spanish: Alejandro, Alexandro
*** → Basque: Alexandro
*** → Cebuano: Alejandro
*** → English: Alejandro
*** → Ilocano: Alehandro
*** → Tagalog: Alejandro
*** → Waray-Waray: Alejandro
* Piedmontese: Lissànder
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: Lissandri
* Sardinian: Lisandru
* Sicilian: Lisciànniru
* Venetan: Lisandru
* → Albanian: Aleksandër
* → Alemannic German: Alexander
** ⇒ Alemannic German: Xandi
* → Aromanian: Alexandru
* → Basque: Alesander
* → Bengali: আলেকজান্ডার (alekojanḍar)
* → Dutch: Alexander
** Afrikaans: Alexander
* → English: Alexander
** Jamaican Creole: Aligzanda
** → Chinese:
    Cantonese: 亞歷山大 / 亚历山大 (aa$^3$ lik$^6$ saan$^1$ daai$^6$)
    Mandarin: 亞歷山大 / 亚历山大 (Yàlìshāndà)
    Eastern Min: 亞歷山大 / 亚历山大 (Ā-lĭk-săng-dâi)
*** → Vietnamese: A Lịch Sơn
** → Hawaiian: Alekanekelo
* → Estonian: Aleksander
* → Faroese: Aleksandur, Alexandur
* → Finnish: Aleksanteri
* → German: Alexander
* → Hebrew: אלכסנדר (aleksánder)
* → Hungarian: Alexander
** ⇒ Hungarian: Sándor
* → Icelandic: Alexander
* → Korean: 알렉산더 (Alleksandeo)
* → Latvian: Aleksandrs
* → Limburgish: Alexander
* → Lithuanian: Aleksándras
* → Livvi: Aleksanderi
* → Low German: Alexander
* → North Frisian: Alexander
* → Norwegian: Alexander, Aleksander
* → Old Danish: Alexander
** Danish: Aleksander, Alexander
*** → Greenlandic: Alegsantere, Alassanteri, Aleksantare, Alexandari
* → Old Irish: Alaxander
** Irish: Alastar
** Manx: Alistair, Alister, Ollister
** Scottish Gaelic: Alasdair, Alastair
*** → English: Alastair, Alistair, Allistair, Allistaire, Allister, Alastor
*** → Scots: Alistair
* → Old Swedish: Alesant, Alefant, Alexander, Alesantar, Alinsant, Alinsanter, Allexander, Allexandher, Halsand
** Swedish: Alexander, Aleksander
* → Polish: Aleksander
* → Romanian: Alexandru
* → Samogitian: Aleksėndra
* → Scots: Elshinder, Elshinner
* → Silesian: Aleksander
* → Slovene: Aleksander
* → Saterland Frisian: Alexander
* → Swedish: Alexander
* → Thai: อเล็กซานเดอร์ (alèksaanáde)
* → Uzbek: Aleksandr
* → Veps: Alexandr
* → Võro: Aleksandri
* → Welsh: Alecsander
* → West Frisian: Aleksander
* → Yiddish: אַלעקסאַנדער (aleksander)
* → Zealandic: Alexander
* → Zhuang: Ahlijsanda

### References

* “Alexander”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

## Norwegian
### Alternative forms

* Aleksander

### Proper noun

Alexander
* a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Related terms

* (male given names:) Sander
* (female names:) Alexandra, Sandra

### References

* Statistisk sentralbyrå, Namnestatistikk: 9 615 males with the given name Alexander living in Norway on January 1st 2011, with the frequency peak in the 1980s. Accessed on 19 May, 2011.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Latin Alexander, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros)

### Proper noun

Alexander m
* Alexander the Great
** late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
    On þǣm dagum wæs Alexander ġeboren on Crēcum swa swa ān miċel ȳst cōme ofer ealne middenġeard.In those days Alexander was born in Greece, like a great storm coming over all the Earth.

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

## Portuguese

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### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English Alexander. Doublet of Alexandre and Alessandro.

### Proper noun

Alexander m
* a male given name

## Scots
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈalɛksandər]

### Proper noun

Alexander
* a male given name from Ancient Greek, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Derived terms

* (diminutive) Aleck, Eck, Eckie, Sandy, Saundy, Sawnie, Sawney, Sanders, Saunders, Sannock, Sannag, Sannagie

### See also

* Elshinder
* Elshinner
* Alistair

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈalɛksandɛr/

### Proper noun

Alexander m pers (genitive singular Alexandra, nominative plural Alexandrovia, declension pattern of chlap)
* a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Alexander”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English Alexander. Doublet of Alejandro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aleɡˈsandeɾ/ [a.leɣ̞ˈsãn̪.d̪eɾ]
** Rhymes: -andeɾ
** Syllabification: A‧le‧xan‧der
* IPA: /alɪɡˈseəndɚ/ [alɪɣ̞ˈseən̪d̪ɚ]
** Rhymes: -eəndɚ
* IPA: /ˈælɪɡseəndɚ/ [ˈælɪɣ̞seən̪d̪ɚ]
** Rhymes: -eəndɚ

### Proper noun

Alexander m
* a male given name

## Swedish
### Etymology

Equivalent to English Alexander. First recorded in Sweden (Scania) in 1201.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Alexander c (genitive Alexanders)
* a male given name

#### Related terms

* (male given names) Alex
* (female names) Alexandra, Sandra
* (surnames) Alexandersson

### References

* Roland Otterbjörk: Svenska förnamn, Almqvist & Wiksell 1996, →ISBN
* Statistiska centralbyrån and Sture Allén, Staffan Wåhlin, Förnamnsboken, Norstedts 1995, →ISBN: 70 150 males with the given name Alexander living in Sweden on December 31st, 2010, with the frequency peak in the 1990s. Accessed on 19 June 2011.