# phi
## Translingual
### Symbol

phi
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Philippine languages.

## English
### Etymology

From Late Latin phi, from Ancient Greek φεῖ (pheî).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faɪ/
* Audio (US):(file)
** Rhymes: -aɪ
** Homophone: fie
* IPA: /fiː/
* Audio (US):(file)
** Rhymes: -iː
** Homophone: fee

### Noun

phi (plural phis)
* Φ, the 21st letter of the Euclidean and modern Greek alphabet, usually romanized as "ph".
* (mathematics) The golden ratio.
* A visual illusion whereby a sequential pattern of lights produces a false sense of motion.
** 1963, Psychology Through Experiment (George Humphrey, Jaroslav Antonio Deutsch), page 90:
    […] tolerance (Frenkel-Brunswik 1949) for it showed that those persons with the strongest defences against internal conflict, i.e. obsessionals and conversion hysterics, were those least able to perceive the reality-conflicting phenomenon of phi.
** 2007, Wayne Weiten, Psychology: Themes and Variations: Themes And Variations, page 138:The illusion of movement in a highway construction sign is an instance of the phi phenomenon, which is also at work in motion pictures and television.
** 2013, Francis Glebas, The Animator's Eye: Composition and Design, page 66:Is it the phi phenomenon or the persistence of vision? Originally, the illusion of motion that movies excel at was thought to be the effect of the persistence of vision.

#### Derived terms

* phi-feature
* phi phenomenon

#### See also

* (Greek-script letter names) alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, eta, theta, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, nu, xi, omicron, pi, rho, sigma, tau, upsilon, phi, chi, psi, omega

### References

* ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. "phi, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2005.

### Anagrams

* HIP, PIH, hip

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* fi

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek φεῖ (pheî).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

phi m or f (plural phi's, diminutive phi'tje n)
* phi (letter of the Greek alphabet)

### Further reading

* phi on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

phi m (plural phi)
* phi (Greek letter)

### Further reading

* “phi”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpi/
* Rhymes: -i
* Hyphenation: phì

### Noun

phi m (invariable)
* phi (Greek letter)

## Polish
### Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpxi/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i
* Syllabification: phi

#### Interjection

phi
* huh, pooh used to express dismissal, contempt, impatience, etc.

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φεῖ (pheî).

#### Alternative forms

* fi

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfi/
* Rhymes: -i
* Syllabification: phi

#### Noun

phi n (indeclinable)
* phi (Greek letter Φ, φ)

### Further reading

* phi in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* phi in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Noun

phi m (invariable)
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of fi.

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [fi˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [fɪj˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [fɪj˧˧]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 飛 (“to fly; to gallop”).

#### Verb

phi
* (of a horse) to gallop
    Ngựa phi.The horse gallops.
* to flee; to travel very quickly
    Phi nhanh về nhà kẻo tối.Hurry home before it gets dark.
* to lance (to throw in the manner of a lance)
    phi dao gămto throw a dagger

##### Derived terms

* phi báo
* phi cảng
* phi công
* phi công vũ trụ
* phi cơ
* phi đao
* phi điểu
* phi đội
* phi hành
* phi hành đoàn
* phi hành gia
* phi hành vũ trụ
* phi kiếm
* phi mã, Phi Mã
* phi ngựa (“to gallop a horse”)
* phi pháo
* phi thuyền
* phi tiêu
* phi trường
* phi vụ
* phi xuất
* song phi

### Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 非 (“not”).

#### Prefix

phi (非)
* non-, in-
    phi (chính) nghĩaunjust; for an unjustifiable cause
    phi phàminhuman; extraordinary

##### Derived terms

* gian phi
* phi chính nghĩa
* phi chính phủ (“non-governmental”)
* phi chính trị
* phi đạo đức
* phi giai cấp
* phi giáo hội
* phi lộ
* phi lợi nhuận (“non-profit”)
* phi lý, phi lí
* phi mậu dịch
* phi ngã
* phi nghĩa (“unjust”)
* phi nhân
* phi phàm
* phi pháp
* phi phù trí quỷ
* phi quân sự
* phi quân sự hóa, phi quân sự hoá
* phi sản xuất
* phi tang
* phi thời gian
* phi thực dân hóa, phi thực dân hoá
* phi thực tại
* phi thương bất phú
* phi thường
* phi trọng lượng
* phi vi
* phi vô sản
* phi vô sản hóa, phi vô sản hoá
* phi vụ
* tái ông thất mã, yên tri phi phúc
* thị phi
* trừ phi

#### Conjunction

phi
* if it isn't
    Phi anh ấy, không ai biết.If it isn't him, then who knows?

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

phi
* to stir-fry (an onion, scallion, or clove of garlic) before preparing a dish
    Phi tỏi rồi mới bỏ rau muống vào.Stir-fry the garlic before adding in water spinach.
    Phi hành để nấu nước chấm.Stir-fry the onion to make dipping sauce.

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

(classifier con) phi
* Various species of saltwater clam of the genus Sanguinolaria, such as Sanguinolaria diphos and Sanguinolaria planculata.

### Etymology 5

Borrowed from Latin phi.

#### Noun

phi
* phi (Φ)

### Etymology 6

Sino-Vietnamese word from 妃.

#### Noun

phi
* concubines, mistresses, ladies of a monarch.
    các bà phi trong cungthe palace concubines
* wives, consorts of a junior monarch such as a prince.
    vương phi, vương tử phi, hoàng tử phithe queen consort, the royal princess consort, the imperial princess consort

##### Synonyms

* (concubine): vợ lẽ, vợ bé, phi tần
* (consort): vợ

##### Derived terms

* ái phi
* cung phi
* phi hậu
* phi tần
* quý phi, quí phi
* thứ phi

### Etymology 7

Sino-Vietnamese reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Romanization

phi
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 妃
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 痱
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 不
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 霏
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 髬
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 腓
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 斐
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 丕
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 蜚
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 披
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 騑
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 鯡
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 扉
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 緋
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 飛
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 非
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 紕
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 菲
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 呸

##### Derived terms

* Bột Phi
* Hàn Phi
* hoàng phi
* hoành phi
* Phi Lai Giang
* Phi Liêm

### See also

* phi-la-tốp
* phi lao, phi-lao
* phi lê, phi-lê (“fillet”)
* phi-nan (“finale”)
* phi-năng (“finance”)
* phương phi

### References

* "phi" in Hồ Ngọc Đức, Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project (details)
* Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Adjective

-phi$^?$
* which

#### Inflection
### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phi”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phi”