# जानु
## Nepali
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀇 (jāi), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 (yāti), from Sanskrit याति॑ (yā́ti), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡zänu]
* Phonetic Devanagari: जानु

### Verb

जानु • (jānu)
* to go, to leave, to depart

#### Conjugation

Information :
| Stem | Stem | Stem | जा- [d͡zä-] | जा- [d͡zä-] |
| Conjugation type | Conjugation type | Conjugation type | 2nd conjugation: vowel-ending stem, regular. | 2nd conjugation: vowel-ending stem, regular. |
| Derivatives |||||
| I-stem (Passive) | I-stem (Passive) | I-stem (Passive) | जाइनु [d͡zäinu] | जाइनु [d͡zäinu] |
| Non-finite forms |||||
| Infinitives | Infinitives | Infinitives | जानु [d͡zänu] जान‍ [d͡zänʌ] | जानु [d͡zänu] जान‍ [d͡zänʌ] |
| Participles | | | Affirmative (+) | Negative (–) |
| Participles | Conjunctive | Conjunctive | जाएर [d͡zäeɾʌ] जाई [d͡zäi] जाईकन‍ [d͡zäikʌnʌ] | नजाएर‍ [nʌ ͜ d͡zäeɾʌ] नजाई [nʌ ͜ d͡zäi] नजाईकन‍ [nʌ ͜ d͡zäikʌnʌ] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | m. sing. | जाएको [d͡zäeko] | नजाएको [nʌ ͜ d͡zäeko] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | f. sing. | जाएकी [d͡zäeki] | नजाएकी [nʌ ͜ d͡zäeki] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | pl. | जाएका [d͡zäekä] | नजाएका [nʌ ͜ d͡zäekä] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | high-resp. | जानुभएको [d͡zänu ͜ bʱʌeko] | नजानुभएको [nʌ ͜ d͡zänu ͜ bʱʌeko] |
| Participles | 2nd Perfect | normal | जाए [d͡zäe] | नजाए [nʌ ͜ d͡zäe] |
| Participles | 2nd Perfect | high-resp. | जानुभए [d͡zänu ͜ bʱʌe] | नजानुभए [nʌ ͜ d͡zänu ͜ bʱʌe] |
| Participles | Imperfect | normal | जादा [d͡zäd̪ä] जादै [d͡zäd̪ʌi̯] जादो [d͡zäd̪o] | नजादा [nʌ ͜ d͡zäd̪ä] नजादै [nʌ ͜ d͡zäd̪ʌi̯] नजादो [nʌ ͜ d͡zäd̪o] |
| Participles | Imperfect | high-resp. | जानुहुँदा [d͡zänuɦũd̪ä] जानुहुँदै [d͡zänuɦũd̪ʌi̯] जानुहुँदो [d͡zänuɦũd̪o] | नजानुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ d͡zänuɦũd̪ä] नजानुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ d͡zänuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नजानुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ d͡zänuɦũd̪o] |
| Participles | Infinitival | normal | जाने [d͡zäne] | नजाने [nʌ ͜ d͡zäne] |
| Participles | Infinitival | high-resp. | जानुहुने [d͡zänuɦune] | नजानुहुने [nʌ ͜ d͡zänuɦune] |
| Participles | Absolutive | Absolutive | जाइ [d͡zäi] जाइ [d͡zäi] | जाइ [d͡zäi] जाइ [d͡zäi] |

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* জানু (Assamese script)
* ᬚᬵᬦᬸ (Balinese script)
* জানু (Bengali script)
* 𑰕𑰯𑰡𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀼 (Brahmi script)
* ဇာနု (Burmese script)
* જાનુ (Gujarati script)
* ਜਾਨੁ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌜𑌾𑌨𑍁 (Grantha script)
* ꦗꦴꦤꦸ (Javanese script)
* 𑂔𑂰𑂢𑂳 (Kaithi script)
* ಜಾನು (Kannada script)
* ជានុ (Khmer script)
* ຊານຸ (Lao script)
* ജാനു (Malayalam script)
* ᡯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᡠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘕𑘰𑘡𑘳 (Modi script)
* ᠽᠠᢗᠨᠤ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦵𑧑𑧁𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐖𑐵𑐣𑐸 (Newa script)
* ଜାନୁ (Odia script)
* ꢙꢵꢥꢸ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆘𑆳𑆤𑆶 (Sharada script)
* 𑖕𑖯𑖡𑖲 (Siddham script)
* ජානු (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩣𑩛𑩯𑩒 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚑𑚭𑚝𑚰 (Takri script)
* ஜாநு (Tamil script)
* జాను (Telugu script)
* ชานุ (Thai script)
* ཛཱ་ནུ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒖𑒰𑒢𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨥𑨊𑨝𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ā́nu (“knee”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu (“knee”).
Cognate with Old Armenian ծունգք (cungkʻ), Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “knee”), Latin genu (“knee”), Avestan 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬎 (zānu), Persian زانو (zânu), Old English cnēow (whence English knee)).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /d͡ʑɑ́ː.nu/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /d͡ʑɑː.n̪u/

### Noun

जानु • (jā́nu) stem, n
* (anatomy) knee
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.15.6:आच्या जानु दक्षिणतो निषद्येमं यज्ञमभि गृणीत विश्वे । मा हिंसिष्ट पितरः केन चिन्नो यद्व आगः पुरुषता कराम ॥ācyā jānu dakṣiṇato niṣadyemaṃ yajñamabhi gṛṇīta viśve. mā hiṃsiṣṭa pitaraḥ kena cinno yadva āgaḥ puruṣatā karāma.Bowing your bended knees and seated southward, accept this sacrifice of ours with favour. Punish us not for any sin, O Fathers, which we through human frailty have committed.

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Related terms

* ज्ञु (jñú, zero-grade)

#### Descendants

* Helu Prakrit:
** Sinhalese: දන (dana)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Lahnda:
    Khetrani: [script needed] (jā̃ṇu)
* Pali: jānu
* → Telugu: జానువు (jānuvu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “जानु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 418.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jāˊnu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press