# 留學
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liúxué
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lau$^4$ hok$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù-ho̍k
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): liû-ha̍k / liû-o̍h
    (Teochew, Peng'im): liu$^5$ hag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liúxué
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lióusyué
*** Wade–Giles: liu$^2$-hsüeh$^2$
*** Yale: lyóu-sywé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lioushyue
*** Palladius: люсюэ (ljusjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lau$^4$ hok$^6$
*** Yale: làuh hohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lau$^4$ hok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: leo$^4$ hog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐu̯²¹ hɔːk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù-ho̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: liu$^ˇ$ hog
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liu$^2$ hog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹ hok̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû-ha̍k
*** Tâi-lô: liû-ha̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liu'hak
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³⁻³³ hak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴⁻²² hak̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³⁻²² hak̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liu²⁴⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴⁻²² hak̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû-o̍h
*** Tâi-lô: liû-o̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liu'oih
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴⁻²² oʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴⁻²² oʔ⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: liu$^5$ hag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liû ha̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /liu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/

### Verb

留學
* to study abroad
       Xiǎng dào wàidì liúxué de rén hǎileqùle. [Pinyin]
       There are a lot of people who wish to study abroad.

#### Synonyms

* 遊學／游学 (yóuxué)

#### Derived terms

* 留學生 / 留学生 (liúxuéshēng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 留 | 學 |
| りゅう Grade: 5 | がく Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

留(りゅう)學(がく) • (ryūgaku)
* Kyūjitai form of 留学: studying abroad

#### Derived terms

* 留(りゅう)學(がく)生(せい) (ryūgakusei, “foreign student, overseas student”)

### Verb

留(りゅう)學(がく)する • (ryūgaku suru) intransitive suru (stem 留(りゅう)學(がく)し (ryūgaku shi), past 留(りゅう)學(がく)した (ryūgaku shita))
* Kyūjitai form of 留学: to study abroad

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 留學し | りゅうがくし | ryūgaku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 留學し | りゅうがくし | ryūgaku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 留學する | りゅうがくする | ryūgaku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 留學する | りゅうがくする | ryūgaku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 留學すれ | りゅうがくすれ | ryūgaku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 留學せよ¹ 留學しろ² | りゅうがくせよ¹ りゅうがくしろ² | ryūgaku seyo¹ ryūgaku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 留學される | りゅうがくされる | ryūgaku sareru |
| Causative | 留學させる 留學さす | りゅうがくさせる りゅうがくさす | ryūgaku saseru ryūgaku sasu |
| Potential | 留學できる | りゅうがくできる | ryūgaku dekiru |
| Volitional | 留學しよう | りゅうがくしよう | ryūgaku shiyō |
| Negative | 留學しない | りゅうがくしない | ryūgaku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 留學せず | りゅうがくせず | ryūgaku sezu |
| Formal | 留學します | りゅうがくします | ryūgaku shimasu |
| Perfective | 留學した | りゅうがくした | ryūgaku shita |
| Conjunctive | 留學して | りゅうがくして | ryūgaku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 留學すれば | りゅうがくすれば | ryūgaku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 留 | 學 |

### Noun

留學 • (ryuhak) (hangeul 류학)
* hanja form of 류학생 (“(North Korea) studying abroad”)

### Noun

留學 • (yuhak) (hangeul 유학)
* hanja form of 유학 (“(South Korea) studying abroad”)