# يد
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *yad-, whence was derived the root ي د ي (y d y).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jad/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

يَد • (yad) f (dual يَدَان (yadān), plural أَيْدٍ (ʔaydin) or أَيَادٍ (ʔayādin)) (countable)
* an appendage of a body (as of an animal)
    لِلْأُخْطُبُوطِ ثَمَانِي أَيْدٍ.li-l-ʔuḵṭubūṭi ṯamānī ʔaydin.Octopuses have eight arms.
    Synonyms: ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ), طَرَف (ṭaraf)
** (of quadrupeds, literary) a foreleg
    Coordinate term: رِجْل (rijl, “hind leg”)
** (of primates, obsolete) the upper limb, the arm
    Synonym: ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ)
** (of birds, literary) a wing
** (of a garment) the covering of the arm, the arm of a garment, the sleeve
    Synonym: كُمّ (kumm)
** (by extension) something resembling, likened to, or related to an appendage; including various technical elements perceived as an appendage:
*** pestle for a mortar (this is the normal term for it in Arabic)
    Synonyms: مِدَقّ (midaqq), (also normal in al-Andalus) دَسْتَج (dastaj)
*** tiller of a rudder
*** armrest of an armchair
*** handle of an axe or hatchet
*** handle of a quernstone
*** tip of an archery bow
* (of primates) the part of the upper limb between the wrist and the fingertips, the terminal portion of the arm, the hand
    Synonym: كَفّ (kaff)
** (by extension) the capacity to handle a thing, ability, power, kingship, ownership, help, grip, control, hand, dexterity, métier and so on
* (al-Andalus, Morocco in the Middle Ages) a unit of measure
** flock of sheep
** a portion of a meadow snithen by two to three grasscutters or harvestmen in a row
** a vine row of 30, 40 or 60 cubits depending on the terrain worked by four vignerons one after the other
*** a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, page 247 (٥٥) line 4:
*** c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802$^{IA}$, page 530 line 16:
    the edition is bad and has been corrected here by Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “يد”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 849a
** a quire of paper
    Synonyms: رِزْمَة (rizma), حُزْمَة (ḥuzma), كُرَّاسَة (kurrāsa)

#### Related terms

* يَدَوِيّ (yadawiyy, “manual”, adjective)
* يَدِيّ (yadiyy, “manual”, adjective)
* يَدَى (yadā, “to hurt the hand; to service”, verb)
* يَادَى (yādā, “to retribute”, verb)
* أَيْدَى (ʔaydā, “to corroborate, to give hand to”, verb)

#### Descendants

* Egyptian Arabic: ايد (īd)
* Gulf Arabic: ايد (īd)
* Maltese: id, jedd
* Moroccan Arabic: يد (yadd, yidd), ايد (ʔīd)

### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “يد”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 849–850
* Freytag, Georg (1837) “يد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 516–517
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “يد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, pages 1623–1626
* Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135) “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, page 299
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “يد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic يَد (yad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jadd/, [jad]

### Noun

يَد • (yadd) f (dual يَدِّين (yaddēn), plural أيادي (ʔayādi))
* (anatomy) hand
    يَدِّي تِحُكَّنِي ― yaddi tiḥukkani ― My hand is itching

## Moroccan Arabic
### Alternative forms

* ايد (ʔīd)

### Etymology

From Arabic يَد (yad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jadː/, /jidː/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

يَد or يِد • (yadd or yidd) f (dual يَدين (yaddayn) or يِدين (yiddayn), plural يَدين (yaddīn) or يِدين (yiddīn))
* (anatomy) hand