# m'
## English
### Pronoun

m'
* (archaic) Clitic form of my.
* (poetic, rare) Prevocalic form of my.

#### Derived terms

* m'lady
* m'learned friends
* m'lord

## Catalan
### Pronoun

m'
* Contraction of em.

#### Usage notes

* m' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.
    M'avorreixo. ― I'm bored.

#### Declension

$^1$ Behaves grammatically as plural.   $^2$ Behaves grammatically as third person. $^3$ Only as object of a preposition.   $^4$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

## Franco-Provençal
### Pronoun

m' (ORB, broad)
* Prevocalic clipping of mè

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m‿/
* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

m’
* prevocalic form of me
    Je m'appelle Marcel. — I'm called Marcel.
* (in certain contexts) prevocalic form of moi
    Donne-m'en deux. — Give me two.

#### Related terms

$^1$ On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms). $^2$ Vous is also used as the polite singular form. $^3$ Ils and eux are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members. $^4$ These forms are also used as third person plural reflexive.

### Further reading

* “m'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

Contraction of mwen, from French moi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Pronoun

m'
* Alternative spelling of m; Contraction of mwen.

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mˠ/ (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
* IPA: /mʲ/ (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)

### Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)
* Apocopic form of mo

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition   $^E$ Triggers eclipsis   $^H$ Triggers h-prothesis
$^1$ Also used as the vocative
The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun. For instance, "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

## Italian
### Pronoun

m' (apocopated)
* Apocopic form of mi

#### Usage notes

Commonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.

#### See also

| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
| Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | — |
| Singular | second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | te | te | — | — |
| Singular | third | m | lui | si$^2$, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se$^2$ | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Singular | third | f | lei, Lei$^1$ | si$^2$, s', -si | la, La$^1$, l', L'$^1$, -la, -La$^1$ | le$^3$, Le$^1$, -le$^3$, -Le$^1$ | glie, se$^2$ | lei, Lei$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | — |
| Plural | second | — | voi, Voi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | ve | voi, Voi$^4$ | — | — |
| Plural | third | m | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | li, Li$^1$, -li, -Li$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | third | f | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | le, Le$^1$, -le, -Le$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| $^1$ | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. |
| $^2$ | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. |
| $^3$ | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. |
| $^4$ | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |

## Louisiana Creole
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m‿/

### Pronoun

m'
* prevocalic form of mo (“I”)
    M'ap bwa labyèr. ― I'm drinking beer.

## Middle French
### Pronoun

m' (apocopate)
* (before vowel sound) Apocopic form of me

#### Usage notes

* The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts
    il menvoia ― he sent me

## Old French
### Pronoun

m'
* prevocalic form of me (“me, myself”)
* prevocalic form of mon, ma (“my, mine”)
** 13th century, Herman de Valenciennes, Assomption Nostre Dame, page 7, column 2, lines 16–17:ceo sacez m'amie tuit cil que te requerunt a tun commandement merci auvruntthis you know, my friend, that all those who are looking for you upon your command will have mercy

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/ (before a back vowel sound)
* IPA: /mʲ/ (before a front vowel sound)

### Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)
* Apocopic form of mo

## Sassarese
### Pronoun

m'
* Apocopic form of mi, used before a vowel

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /m/

### Determiner

m'
* Apocopic form of mo

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition; $^H$ Triggers H-prothesis; $^N$ Triggers eclipsis $^1$ Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

### References

* “m'” in R. A. Armstrong, A Gaelic Dictionary, in Two Parts, London, 1825, →OCLC.