# ذراع
## Arabic
### Etymology

Cognate to Aramaic דְּרָעָא / ܕܪܥܐ (dərāʿā), Hebrew זְרוֹעַ (zərṓaʿ), Ugaritic 𐎏𐎗𐎓 (ḏrʿ), Ge'ez መዝራዕት (mäzraʿt), Tigre ዘራዕ (zäraʿ), መዛርዕት (mäzarəʿt), Tigrinya መዝራዕት (mäzraʿt), Soqotri direʿ, Shehri diráʿ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ði.raːʕ/

### Noun

ذِرَاع • (ḏirāʕ) f (dual ذِرَاعَانِ (ḏirāʕāni), plural أَذْرُع (ʔaḏruʕ) or ذُرْعَان (ḏurʕān)) (countable)
* (anatomy) the limb of any animal, an arm or leg
    Hypernym: طَرَف (ṭaraf, “an extremity, a termination”)
    Coordinate terms: جَنَاح (janāḥ, “a wing”), زِعْنِفَة (ziʕnifa, “a fin”)
    لِلْأُخْطُبُوطِ ثَمَانِي أَذْرُعٍ. ― lilʔuḵṭubūṭi ṯamānī ʔaḏruʕin. ― Octopuses have eight arms.
** (of primates) the portion of the upper appendage from the shoulder to wrist, the arm
    Synonym: (obsolete) يَد (yad)
    فِي ذِرَاعِ ٱلْإِنْسَانِ ثَلَاثَةُ عِظَامٍ: اِثْنَتَانِ فِي ٱلسَّاعِدِ ٱسْمَاهُمَا ٱلزَّنْدُ وَٱلْكُعْبُرَةُ وَوَاحِدَةٌ فِي ٱلْعَضُدِ.fī ḏirāʕi l-ʔinsāni ṯalāṯatu ʕiẓāmin: iṯnatāni fī s-sāʕidi smāhumā z-zandu wal-kuʕburatu wawāḥidatun fī l-ʕaḍudi.There are three bones in the human arm: two in the lower arm (called the ulna and the radius) and one in the upper arm.
** (by extension) something resembling, likened to, or related to an arm or arms (such as a lever, a shift lever, a lever arm, a crank arm, a jib, a boom, a branch or division, power, might, influence, and so on)
* (anatomy, of primates) the portion of the upper appendage from the elbow to the wrist, the lower arm, the forearm
    Synonym: سَاعِد (sāʕid)
    Coordinate terms: عَضُد (ʕaḍud, “the upper arm”), يَد (yad, “the hand”), كَفّ (kaff, “the palm; the hand”)
* a cubit, especially the Arabian cubit variously standardized by place, time, and item from 25–75 cm (10 in–2 ft 6 in).
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 69:32:ثُمَّ فِي سِلْسِلَةٍ ذَرْعُهَا سَبْعُونَ ذِرَاعًا فَٱسْلُكُوهُṯumma fī silsilatin ḏarʕuhā sabʕūna ḏirāʕan faslukūhu(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: driegħ
* → English: dira
* → Swahili: dhiraa

### References

* Dillmann, August (1865) Lexicon linguae aethiopicae cum indice latino (in Latin), Leipzig: T. O. Weigel, column 1047
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ذراع”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 485
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “ذراع”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 85
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “ذراع”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 961
* Leslau, Wolf (1938) Lexique Soqotri (sudarabique moderne) avec comparaisons et explications étymologiques (in French), Wiesbaden: Libraire C. Klincksieck, page 136
* Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 379
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ذراع”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 385
* Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “ذراع”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎ (in German), volume 1, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 705
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ذراع”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 356

## South Levantine Arabic

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### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ).

### Noun

ذراع • (ḏrāʕ) m
* (formal) arm
    Synonym: إيد (ʔīd)