# -ne
## English
### Etymology

Clipping of acne.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ni/

### Suffix

-ne
* (informal) Designating acne located on a particular part of the body.
    ‎back + ‎-ne → ‎bacne/backne
    ‎boob + ‎-ne → ‎boobne
    ‎butt + ‎-ne → ‎buttne
** 2008, Marisa C. Weiss, Isabel Friedman, Taking Care of Your "Girls": A Breast Health Guide for Girls, Teens, and In-Betweens, New York, N.Y.: Three Rivers Press, →ISBN, page 63:Yeast infections are different from acne (or "rackne").
** 2012, Heather Rutman, The Girl's Guide to Depravity: How to Get Laid Without Getting Screwed, Philadelphia, P.A., London: Running Press, →ISBN, page 79:It's so refreshing to be with a guy who actually wants to be seen with you in the daytime that you convince yourself you can ignore the busted grille, the acne, backne, and chestne, or the fact that YOU normally wouldn't want to be seen with HIM in the daytime if you weren't so tired/desperate/horny. But resist.
** 2014, Lena Dunham, Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What She's "Learned", New York, N.Y.: Random House, →ISBN, page 104:It's fucking weird. Yes, it's just a job, but most people's jobs don't consist of slamming your vagina against the flaccid, nylon-wrapped penis of a guy wearing massive amounts of foundation to conceal his assne.
** 2016, Robert Wilder, Nickel, Santa Fe, N.N.: Leaf Storm Press, →ISBN, page 250:I know this sounds ghey, but he had the sad eyes of someone all the girls once loved before puberty took a huge hairy dump on him. Now he had a big Abomination body, a fivehead, robot jaw, clown feet, and acne. I didn't look, but probably backne and neckne too.
** 2019 March 6, Carolyn Twersky, “Say "See Ya Bye" to Body Acne with These Helpful Tips”, in Seventeen‎, New York, N.Y.: Hearst Digital Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-15:Bodne tends to be more inflammatory (think: big red bumps or cysts instead of just blackheads), making it challenging for drugstore creams to clear everything up on their own—especially with severe breakouts. Also, your body is a much larger area compared to your face.
** 2022 October 24, Lauren Balsamo, “The Holy Grail Acne Awards: 50 Game-Changing Products, Tools, and Treatments for Clearer Skin”, in Cosmopolitan‎, New York, N.Y.: Hearst Communications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-27:Upgrade your below-the-chin skincare routine with these zit-zapping favorites. Bacne and bodne, be gone.

#### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* -en, en-, en, EN, En

## Chuukese
### Suffix

-ne
* (added to tense adverbs suffixed with -pwe) quickly, soon

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse -na, compare Swedish -na.

### Suffix

-ne
* Used with some adjectives to form inchoative verbs meaning "to become [adjective]".
    ‎gul (“yellow”) + ‎-ne → ‎gulne (“become yellow”)
* From adjectives, forms causative verbs meaning "to make [adjective]".

#### Derived terms
## Estonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-inën. Cognate with Finnish -inen.

### Suffix

-ne (genitive -se, partitive -set or -st, comparative -sem, superlative kõige -sem)
* -al, -ic, -ous; creates adjectives from nouns indicating a relationship or property.
* -en; creates adjectives indicating the material of which something is made.

#### Inflection

Note that words with suffix -line decline differently.

#### See also

* -line

## Finnish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-(i)nëk.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-ne/, [-ne̞] (usually)
* IPA: /-neˣ/, [-ne̞(ʔ)] (some speakers)

#### Suffix

-ne
* The suffix used to form the comitative case. It denotes companionship and ownership, and is written where English would use "together with (one's possession)".
    Menin ruskeine koirineni.I went together with my brown dog.
    Tiibet on mielenkiintoinen maa suurine vuorineen.Tibet is a fascinating land, together with its great mountains.

##### Usage notes

* Relatively rare in spoken Finnish. The idea of comitative is more often expressed with other structures, particularly the postposition kanssa (“together with”).
* Grammatically comitative is always plural, even if used of a singular object.
* In nouns the suffix -ne is appended with the appropriate possessive suffix. In Wiktionary the declension tables of Finnish nouns show the comitative with the 3rd person suffix -en to form -neen.
* See the appendix on Finnish nominal cases for more information on how the comitative case is used.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-neˣ/, [-ne̞(ʔ)]

#### Suffix

-ne (colloquial, dialectal)
* Alternative form of -inen.
* Alternative form of -nen.

### Etymology 3

-na +‎ -e

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-neˣ/, [-ne̞(ʔ)]

#### Suffix

-ne
* Forms diminutives.

##### Alternative forms

* -n

##### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* -en, en

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɛ]

### Suffix

-ne
* (conditional suffix) Forms the third-person singular present tense of verbs (conditional mood, indefinite conjugation).
    ‎kér (“to ask”) + ‎-ne → ‎kérne (“he/she would ask”)

#### Usage notes

| Person | Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | Front vowel |
| Person | Person | Back vowel | unrounded | rounded |
| én | 1st person singular | -nék | -nék | -nék |
| én | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anék | -enék | -enék |
| te | 2nd person singular | -nál | -nél | -nél |
| te | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anál | -enél | -enél |
| ő maga ön | 3rd person singular | -na | -ne | -ne |
| ő maga ön | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -ana | -ene | -ene |
| mi | 1st person plural | -nánk | -nénk | -nénk |
| mi | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anánk | -enénk | -enénk |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -nátok | -nétek | -nétek |
| ti | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anátok | -enétek | -enétek |
| ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural | -nának | -nének | -nének |
| ők maguk önök | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anának | -enének | -enének |
| See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |||||
* (conditional suffix) Variants:
    -na is added to most back vowel verbs
       ‎vár (“to wait”) + ‎-na → ‎várna (“he/she would wait”)
    -ne is added to most front vowel verbs
       ‎kér (“to ask”) + ‎-ne → ‎kérne (“he/she would ask”)
    -ana is added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
       ‎mond (“to say something”) + ‎-ana → ‎mondana (“he/she would say something”)
       ‎tanít (“to teach”) + ‎-ana → ‎tanítana (“he/she would teach”)
    -ene is added to front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
       ‎fest (“to paint”) + ‎-ene → ‎festene (“he/she would paint”)
       ‎segít (“to help”) + ‎-ene → ‎segítene (“he/she would help”)

### See also

* Category:Hungarian verb forms
* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* -e (used after -nn in pronouns)
* -na (used after velarized consonants and back vowels)

### Etymology

From Old Irish -ni.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nʲə/

### Suffix

-ne
* emphatic suffix of the first-person plural; used after palatalized consonants and front vowels

#### Usage notes

Spelled with a hyphen after n, otherwise without a hyphen (but reduced to -e and spelled without a hyphen after -nn in pronouns).
* Added to nouns (or adjectives modifying a noun) in the presence of the possessive adjective to emphasize the possessor rather than the thing possessed:
    ár n-athairne ― our father
    ár gcapall donn-na ― our brown horse
* Added to pronouns (both simple and prepositional) to add emphasis (not to create a reflexive pronoun):
    againne ― at us
    sinne, muidne ― we, us
* Added to synthetic verb forms to add emphasis to the subject:
    cloisfimidne ― we will hear
    chualamarna ― we heard

#### See also
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ne/
* Hyphenation: -ne

### Etymology 1

Enclitic form of ne.

#### Pronoun

-ne (enclitic)
* Alternative form of ne:
** (adverbial) from there; of there, sometimes not translated in English
    Una volta entrato nel labirinto, non riuscì più ad uscirne.Once he entered the labyrinth, he couldn't get out of there.
    Arrivò a Roma, solo per ripartirne l'indomani.She arrived at Rome, just to leave the following day.(literally, “She arrived at Rome, just to leave from there the tomorrow.”)
** from this; from that; from these; from those, sometimes not translated in English
    Con un po' di fortuna, potrebbe venirne un bel guadagno.With a little luck, it could make a good profit.(literally, “With a bit of luck, could come from that a nice profit.”)
    Traine la conclusione che preferisci.Make of that whatever you want.(literally, “Take from that the conclusion you prefer.”)
** about this; about that; about these; about those
    Spero vorrai parlarne con qualcuno.I hope you're going to talk to someone about that.(literally, “I hope you will want to talk about that with someone.”)
    Credo ti convenga abituarti a sentirne parlare.I think you'd better get used to hearing about that.(literally, “I believe to you ought to accustom yourself to hearing about that talk.”)
*** 1350s, anonymous author, “Prologo e primo capitolo dove se demostra le rascione per le quale questa opera fatta fu [Preface and first chapter wherein the reason for which this work was made is shown]”, in Cronica [Chronicle]‎; republished as Giuseppe Porta, editor, Anonimo romano - Cronica, Adelphi, 1979, →ISBN:Responne Tito Livio e dice: «Questo faccio per ponere requie allo animo mio». Quasi dica: «Lo animo mio ène stimolato de scrivere questa materia. Voglione toccare. Puoi me se posa consolato lo mio animo». (Rome)Livy replies to this by saying: "I do this in order to give my soul peace"; almost as if saying: "My soul is stimulated to write about this subject: I want to touch on it. Afterwards, my comforted soul can calm down."
** of this; of that; of these; of those, sometimes not translated in English
    La torta era squisita. Posso averne un'altra fetta?The cake was delicious. May I have another slice?(literally, “The cake was delicious. Can I have of that another slice?”)
    È successo tre giorni fa! Come fai a non ricordartene?It happened three days ago! How can you not remember that?(literally, “It happened three days ago! How do you do to not remember of that?”)
    Vuoi un po' di mele? Eccotene una dozzina.Would you like some apples? Here's a dozen for you.(literally, “Do you want a few of apples? Here to you of them a dozen.”)
** for this; for that; for these; for those, sometimes not translated in English
    Continuo a non capirne la ragione.I still don't get the reason for that.(literally, “I keep to not understand for that the reason.”)
    Ha detto di non averne bisogno.She said she didn't need that.(literally, “She said of not have for that need.”)
** intensive particle, used in forms of verbs where it indicates a particular way of carrying out the verb's action
    ‎andare (“to go”) + ‎-si (enclitic reflexive pronoun) + ‎-ne → ‎andarsene (“to go about (in a particular way)”)
    ‎venire (“to come”) + ‎-si (enclitic reflexive pronoun) + ‎-ne → ‎venirsene (“to come about (in a particular way)”)
    ‎uscire (“to go out; to come out”) + ‎-si (enclitic reflexive pronoun) + ‎-ne → ‎uscirsene (“to say surprisingly or unexpectedly”) (familiar)
** Only used in volerne (“to hold a grudge”)
** Only used in andarne (“to be at stake”)

##### Usage notes

* The enclitic is suffixed either to certain verb forms or to ecco.
** It can be suffixed to infinitive verb forms. In this case, the final -e of the verb is dropped:
    ‎parlare + ‎-ne → ‎parlarne
    ‎sapere + ‎-ne → ‎saperne
    ‎sentire + ‎-ne → ‎sentirne
*** If the infinitive form ends in -arre, final -re is dropped:
    ‎trarre + ‎-ne → ‎trarne
*** If the infinitive form includes an enclitic personal pronoun, -ne is appended after that. In that case, the -i ending of the personal pronoun changes to -e:
    ‎approfittarsi + ‎-ne → ‎approfittarsene
    ‎farsi + ‎-ne → ‎farsene
**** If the personal pronoun in question is -gli, an -e- is inserted between the pronoun and -ne:
    ‎dargli + ‎-ne → ‎dargliene
** It can also be suffixed to imperative verb forms:
    ‎prendi + ‎-ne → ‎prendine
    ‎prendete + ‎-ne → ‎prendetene
*** If the imperative form includes an enclitic personal pronoun, -ne is appended after that. In that case, the -i ending of the personal pronoun changes to -e:
    ‎prenditi + ‎-ne → ‎prenditene
    ‎prendetevi + ‎-ne → ‎prendetevene
**** If the personal pronoun in question is -gli, an -e- is inserted between the pronoun and -ne:
    ‎dagli + ‎-ne → ‎dagliene
** If ecco has an enclitic personal pronoun suffixed (eccomi, eccoti, eccoci, eccovi), -ne is appended after that. In that case, the -i ending of the personal pronoun changes to -e:
    ‎eccoti + ‎-ne → ‎eccotene
    ‎eccovi + ‎-ne → ‎eccovene
*** If the personal pronoun in question is -gli, an -e- is inserted between the pronoun and -ne:
    ‎eccogli + ‎-ne → ‎eccogliene

##### Derived terms
### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Suffix

-ne
* (obsolete, chiefly poetry, now only dialectal) an epithetic syllable appended to oxytone words in order to make them paroxytone
** 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XVIII”, in Inferno [Hell]‎, lines 86–87; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:Quelli è Iasón, che per cuore e per senno li Colchi del monton privati féne.That is Jason, who, through courage and wits, deprived the Colchians of the fleece.
** 1350s, anonymous author, “Prologo e primo capitolo dove se demostra le rascione per le quale questa opera fatta fu [Preface and first chapter wherein the reason for which this work was made is shown]”, in Cronica [Chronicle]‎; republished as Giuseppe Porta, editor, Anonimo romano - Cronica, Adelphi, 1979, →ISBN:La prima, che omo trovarao alcuna cosa scritta la quale se revederao avenire in simile, donne conoscerao che·llo ditto de Salamone ène vero. Dice Salamone: «Non è cosa nova sotto lo sole, ché cosa che pare nova stata è». (Rome)The first one [reason] is that somebody will find in writing something which will be seen happening again in the same way; then, they will learn that Solomon's saying is true. Solomon says: "There are no new things under the sun, for a thing that appears new has [already] been".

### Further reading

* ne$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* -ne in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* -n

### Etymology

From ne (“not”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ne/, [nɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ne/, [ne]

### Particle

-ne (interrogative enclitic)
* Added to the end of a word in a phrase (usually the first word) to make it a question.
    Nihilne in mentem?Does nothing suggest itself to your mind?
    Ah, pergisne?Ah, at it again?
    Quid tandem te impedit? Mosne maiorum?What hinders you? The customs of the ancestors?
    Potesne mihi succurrere, quaeso?Can you help me, please?
* or… (introduces a question or an alternative)

#### Usage notes

* A question requiring an answer of "yes" or "no" is formed by adding -ne to the emphatic word:
    Is tibi mortemne vidētur aut dolōrem timēre?Does it seem to you to be death that he fears or pain?
    Hīcine vir usquam nisi in patriā moriētur?Shall this man die anywhere but in his native land?
    Tūne id veritus es?Did you fear that?
* The enclitic -ne is sometimes omitted.
    Patēre tua cōnsilia nōn sentīs?Do you not see that your schemes are manifest?
* When -ne is added to a negative word (such as nōnne) an affirmative answer is expected.
    Nōnne animadvertis?Aren't you paying attention?

#### Derived terms

* nōnne
* anne
* satine/satin
* scin

#### See also

* -que
* -ve
* -ce

## Latvian
### Alternative forms

* -atne
* -otne
* -sne
* -tne

### Suffix

-ne
* A variant of -tne; added to adjectives or verbs to form abstract nouns.

#### Derived terms
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ne/

### Suffix

-ne
* Forms the strong masculine accusative singular of adjectives
    ‎blind (“blind”) + ‎-ne → ‎blindne
    ‎grēne (“green”) + ‎-ne → ‎grēnne

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* -ine

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *-inyos. Cognate with Proto-Brythonic *-ɨnn, *-enn.

### Suffix

-ne
* Forms singulatives of certain plural nouns.
    ‎grán (“grain”) + ‎-ne → ‎gráinne (“a grain”)
    ‎folt (“hair”) + ‎-ne → ‎foiltne (“a hair”)
    ‎froích (“heather”) + ‎-ne → ‎froíchne (“a sprig of heather”)
* Forms abstract derivatives of certain nouns.
    ‎sreng (“string, cord”) + ‎-ne → ‎sringne (“umbilical cord”)

#### Usage notes

This suffix appears to only have been weakly productive. There are several instances of singulatives suffixed with -ne that are additionally prefixed with óen (“one”), which suggests that -ne was sometimes considered insufficient to denote singulativity by itself. Beyond Old and Middle Irish the suffix is only found in fossilized forms.

### References

* 1 2 Irslinger, Britta (2010) “Les dérivés gallois, cornique -yn/-en, breton -enn et irlandais -ne: fonction et sémantique”, in La Bretagne Linguistique‎, pages 57-58
* ↑ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 260

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish -ni.

### Suffix

-ne
* -selves (emphatic)

#### Usage notes

* Added to nouns in the presence of the possessive adjective to emphasize the possessor rather than the thing possessed (NB: Ignores broad/slender rule):
    ‎ar n-athair (“our father”) + ‎-ne → ‎ar n-athair-ne (“our father”)
    ‎ar càr (“out car”) + ‎-ne → ‎ar càr-ne (“our friend”)
* Added to prepositional pronouns to add emphasis (not to create a reflexive pronoun):
    ‎againn (“at us”) + ‎-ne → ‎againne (“at us”)

#### See also

* -sa
* -san
* -se

## Swedish
### Suffix

-ne
* (archaic) Marker of definiteness on masculine nouns in the plural
    Synonym: -na (modern; feminine)
    ‎platser (“places”) + ‎-ne → ‎platserne (“the places”)

#### Usage notes

* The difference between -ne and -na is that the former was used for masculine nouns, while the latter was used for feminine, a category lost in modern Swedish, which has merged the two genders into the so-called common gender. Thus, the definite of stenar would be "stenarne", while the definite of kvinna would be "kvinnorna", the same as the modern form.

### Anagrams

* -en, en

## Taos
### Suffix

-ne
* Duoplural number inflection. On nouns in gender III.6, it indicates either collective number or singular noncount (mass) and has corresponding singular agreement marking on verb-forms. (See also: -na, -ną, -nemą.)

## Ye'kwana
### Alternative forms

* -ñe (allomorph after i)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [-ne]

### Etymology 1
#### Suffix

-ne
* forms the singular of the distant past perfective tense when at least one of the arguments of the verb is not third-person
* (in conjunction with other suffixes) marks the distant past tense in general when at least one of the arguments of the verb is not third-person

##### Usage notes

This suffix can cause syllable reduction.

##### Derived terms

* -akene
* -akento
* -a'kene
* -kene
* -neto
* -töne

### Etymology 2
#### Suffix

-ne
* intensifier used especially in contexts of indignation or exasperation

##### Usage notes

This suffix causes any vowel it attaches to to lengthen.

##### Derived terms

* jeene

### References

* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “-ne”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon, pages 213–222
* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “-:ne”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon, page 162