# طرف
## Arabic
### Verb

طَرَفَ • (ṭarafa) I (non-past يَطْرِفُ (yaṭrifu), verbal noun طَرْف (ṭarf))
* to push someone away from something
* to slap someone
* to touch and injure someone in the eye to the point of making tears flow
* to close one's eye
* to blink
* to look, take a look

#### Conjugation
### Noun

طَرْف • (ṭarf) m
* eye, eyes
* glance, look
* edge, extremity
* generous man of noble birth

#### Declension
### Noun

طَرَف • (ṭaraf) m (plural أَطْرَاف (ʔaṭrāf))
* end, tip, point, edge, border
* side
* area, section
* part, bit, some (مِن (min) something)
* limb
* participant, party, player, team

#### Descendants

* Cypriot Arabic: taraf
* Maltese: tarf
* → Azerbaijani: tərəf
* → Bengali: তরফ (toroph)
* → Bashkir: тараф (taraf)
* → Chagatai: طرف
** Uyghur: تەرەپ (terep)
** Uzbek: taraf
* → Gujarati: તરફ (taraph)
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: तरफ़ (taraf)
** Urdu: طرف (t̤araf)
*** → Ushojo: طرف
*** → English: taraf
* → Kazakh: тарап (tarap)
* → Malay: taraf
** Indonesian: taraf
* → Ottoman Turkish: طرف (taraf)
** Turkish: taraf
** → Albanian: taraf
** → Armenian: թարաֆ (tʻaraf)
** → Laz: ტარაჶი (ťarafi)
** → Romanian: taraf
* → Persian: طرف (taraf)
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਤਰਫ਼ (taraf)
** Shahmukhi script: طرف (t̤araf)
* → Turkmen: tarap
(via plural form أَطْرَاف (ʔaṭrāf))
* → Azerbaijani: ətraf
* → Persian: اطراف
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: अतराफ़ (atrāf)
** Urdu: اطراف (at̤rāf)
* → Ottoman Turkish: اطراف (etrâf)
** → Turkish: etraf
** → Armenian: էթռաֆ (ētʻṙaf), ա̈թռա̈ֆ (ätʻṙäf), աթրաֆ (atʻraf)
* → Turkmen: etrap
* → Uyghur: ئەتراپ (etrap)
* → Uzbek: atrof

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَرَف (ṭaraf).

### Noun

طرف • (taraf) (dual طرفان, oblique dual طرفین, feminine and plural اطراف)
* end; side; edge; border
    بر طرفدن ― bir tarafdan ― from one side
* part, portion
* site, place
* district, region
* side (one party in a dispute)
    طرف طوتمق ― taraf tutmak ― to take sides

#### Descendants

* Turkish: taraf
* → Albanian: taraf
* → Armenian: թարաֆ (tʻaraf)
* → Laz: ტარაჶი (ťarafi)
* → Romanian: taraf

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “taraf”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طرف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1237
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طرف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 803

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَرَف (ṭaraf).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ta.ˈɾaf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ɾǽf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ɾǽf]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ɾǽf]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ɾǽf]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.ɹǽf]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ɾǽf]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

طرف • (taraf) (plural طرف‌ها (taraf-hâ) or اطراف (atrâf))
* side
    دو طرف برگ ― do taraf-e barg ― two sides of a leaf
* direction
* area, quarter
* party (e.g. to an agreement), participant
* (slang) unknown person
    Synonym: یارو (yâru)

#### Usage notes

* The broken plural اطراف (atrâf) usually means "surroundings, surrounding areas". طرف‌ها (taraf-hâ) is used for the other senses.

## Urdu
### Etymology

Ultimately from Arabic طَرَف (ṭaraf).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t̪ə.ɾəf/
* Rhymes: -əf
* Hyphenation: طَ‧رَف

### Noun

طَرَف • (taraf) f (Hindi spelling तरफ़)
* side
* direction

## Ushojo
### Etymology

From Urdu طرف (taraf).

### Noun

طرف (taraf)
* side
* direction