OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# corpuscular
## English
### Etymology

From Latin corpusculum (“corpuscle”) +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɔːˈpʌskjʊlə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American, Canada) IPA: /kɔɹˈpʌskjəlɚ/
* (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA: /koːˈpɐskjələ/, /koːˈpaskjələ/
* Rhymes: -ʌskjʊlə(ɹ)

### Adjective

corpuscular (comparative more corpuscular, superlative most corpuscular)
* Of, pertaining to, or composed of corpuscles; particulate.

#### Derived terms

* corpuscularian
* corpuscularism
* corpuscular philosophy
* corpuscular radiation
* corpuscular theory
* extracorpuscular
* intercorpuscular
* intracorpuscular
* noncorpuscular

#### Related terms

* corpuscle

#### Translations
## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French corpusculaire. By surface analysis, corpuscul +‎ -ar.

### Adjective

corpuscular m or n (feminine singular corpusculară, masculine plural corpusculari, feminine and neuter plural corpusculare)
* corpuscular

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾpuskuˈlaɾ/ [koɾ.pus.kuˈlaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: cor‧pus‧cu‧lar

### Adjective

corpuscular m or f (masculine and feminine plural corpusculares)
* corpuscular

### Further reading

* “corpuscular”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# اڈدا
## Punjabi
### Verb

اُڈّدا • (uḍḍdā)
* inflection of اُڈّݨا (uḍḍṇā):
** masculine singular direct imperfective participle
** masculine singular present contrafactual
# კონსენსუსი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼonsensusi]
* Hyphenation: კონ‧სენ‧სუ‧სი

### Noun

კონსენსუსი • (ḳonsensusi) (usually uncountable, plural კონსენსუსები)
* consensus

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# onhaalbaar
## Dutch
### Etymology

From on- +‎ haalbaar (“achievable, attainable”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

onhaalbaar (comparative onhaalbaarder, superlative onhaalbaarst)
* unattainable, impossible, unachievable
    Synonyms: onmogelijk, ondoenlijk, ondoenbaar
    Antonyms: haalbaar, mogelijk, doenlijk, doenbaar

#### Derived terms

* onhaalbaarheid
# עקץ
## Hebrew
### Verb

עָקַץ • (ʿakáts) (pa'al construction, passive counterpart נֶעֱקַץ)
* to sting
* to insult
* (colloquial) to scam, swindle, defraud

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Pronounced עָקַצְתֶּם and עָקַצְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. $^2$ Rare in Modern Hebrew.

### Noun

עֹקֶץ • (ókets) m
* defective spelling of עוקץ
# ẹbọra
## Yoruba
### Etymology

From ẹbọ +‎ ara, cognate with Igala ẹ́bọ (“deity”), Edo ẹbọ, Olukumi ẹbọ, Urhobo ẹbo (“charm”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛ̄.bɔ̄.ɾā/

### Noun

ẹbọra
* (chiefly CY) god, deity, divinity; earth spirit
    Synonyms: òrìṣà, imọlẹ̀
* mythological monster or troll believed to live in forests
    Synonyms: ọ̀rọ̀, iwin
# pinari
## Cebuano
### Etymology

pari +‎ -in-

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pi‧na‧ri

### Noun

pinari
* (derogatory) priestcraft; priestly policy directed towards worldly ends
# representasi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch representatie, ultimately from Latin repraesentatio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [reprəsɛnˈt̪asi]
* Hyphenation: ré‧prê‧sèn‧ta‧si

### Noun

representasi (plural representasi-representasi)
* representation.

#### Synonyms

* perwakilan

#### Affixed terms

* direpresentasikan
* merepresentasikan

#### Related terms

* presentasi
* representatif

### Further reading

* “representasi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# издахнути
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzdъxnǫti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /izdǎxnuti/
* Hyphenation: из‧дах‧ну‧ти

### Verb

изда̀хнути pf (Latin spelling izdàhnuti)
* (ambitransitive) to exhale

#### Related terms

* ѝздисати impf

### Further reading

* “издахнути”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# 趣き
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 趣
* おもむ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 趣き – see the following entry. :
| 【赴おもむき】 | [verb] stem or continuative form of 赴く (omomuku) [godan] Alternative spelling 趨き |
(This term, 趣き, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# კონსერვატიზმი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼonseɾʷatʼizmi]
* Hyphenation: კონ‧სერ‧ვა‧ტიზ‧მი

### Noun

კონსერვატიზმი • (ḳonservaṭizmi) (uncountable)
* (politics) conservatism

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# шэд
## Southern Selkup

Regional variants of шэд :
| Chumel dialects ||
| Narym | шэд (šed) |
| Syusse dialects ||
| Sondrovo | сыд (syd) |
| Tyuj dialects ||
| Upper Ob | сэдааг (sedaag) |

### Etymology

From Proto-Selkup *šitə, from Proto-Samoyedic *kitä, from Proto-Uralic *käktä. Cognates includes Finnish kaksi, Nganasan ситі (siti) and Forest Enets ҫизи (šizi).

### Numeral

шэд (šed) (Narym)
* two
** 2022, Grogorij Korotkih, Современный язык нарымских селькупов (overall work in Russian), page 48:Мат шэд ӄайпи́п тава́м, о́ӄӄэр ӄайпи́п тат и́лел!Mat šed qajpíp tawám, óqqer qajpíp tat íljel!I bought two headscarves, take one!

#### Further reading

* G.V. Korotkih (2022) Современный язык нарымских селькупов [The modern language of Narym Selkups], Tomsk: Соиздательство ценных книг «Грасион», →ISBN, page 67 of 150
# vare sig
## Danish
### Verb

vare sig (imperative var, infinitive at vare, present tense varer, past tense varede, perfect tense har varet)
* (reflexive) to beware of, to restrain oneself, to pay attention to

## Swedish
### Adverb

vare sig
* neither
    Vare sig Hans eller Greta ville gå hem.Neither Hans nor Greta wanted to go home.
* whether it be
    Den som har skapat ett litterärt eller konstnärligt verk har upphovsrätt till verket, vare sig det utgör en skönlitterär eller beskrivande framställning –
       A person who has created a literary or artistic work shall have copyright therein, whether it be a fictional or descriptive representation –

#### Synonyms

* (neither): varken

### Anagrams

* givares
# binhi
## Aklanon
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq.

### Noun

binhi
* seed

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq, from Proto-Austronesian *binəSiq.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: bin‧hi
* IPA: /ˈbinhiʔ/ [ˈbiŋ.hiʔ]

### Noun

binhì
* grain
    Synonym: lamigas

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* binghi — obsolete

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *binəhiq, from Proto-Austronesian *binəSiq. Compare Kapampangan bini.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /binˈhiʔ/ [bɪn̪ˈhiʔ]
* Rhymes: -iʔ
* Syllabification: bin‧hi

### Noun

binhî (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜑᜒ)
* seed; spawn
    Synonyms: semilya, buto
* semen; sperm
    Synonyms: tamod, semilya

#### Derived terms

* bibinhiin
* binhian
* binhiin
* magbinhi
* pabinhi
* pabinhian
* papagbinhiin

#### Related terms

* BINHI

#### See also

* biri
* hulip
* punla

### Further reading

* “binhi”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# Lupo
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian Lupo.

### Proper noun

Lupo (plural Lupos)
* A surname from Italian.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Lupo is the 6298th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 5425 individuals. Lupo is most common among White (93.92%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Lupo”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 475.

### Anagrams

* Lo-p'u, Loup, loup

## Italian
### Etymology

From the noun lupo (“wolf”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlu.po/
* Rhymes: -upo
* Hyphenation: Lù‧po

### Proper noun

Lupo m or f by sense
* a surname

### Anagrams

* -uplo, pulo

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈlu.poː/, [ˈɫ̪ʊpoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈlu.po/, [ˈluːpo]

### Proper noun

Lupō
* dative/ablative singular of Lupus
# shiver my timbers
## English
### Etymology

A reference to a wooden ship being pounded heavily in stormy seas to the extent that its timbers shake, causing awe and fear to the sailors on board.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈʃɪvə maɪ ˈtɪmbəs/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈʃɪvɚ maɪ ˈtɪmbɚs/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Hyphenation: shi‧ver my tim‧bers

### Interjection

shiver my timbers
* A mild oath expressing surprise, disbelief or annoyance. It is stereotypically regarded as being uttered by pirates.
    Synonyms: shiver my sides, shiver my soul
** 1794, James Roberts, Rule Britannia! A Loyal Sketch, in Two Acts, as Performed with Universal Applause at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, London: Printed for Hookham and Carpenter, Old and New Bond-street, →OCLC, act II, scene i, page 26:I was informed I ſhould meet my dear Anna ſomewhere in theſe woods: I have been ſteering all points of the compaſs, but in vain. However, after having given chaſe to an enemy, ſhall I tamely haul my wind when my miſtreſs is in view? No;—ſhiver my timbers if I do. The man who meanly deſerts his King or his miſtreſs, deſerves to be ſhot for a traitor to both!
** 1799, [Edward Dubois], chapter XII, in A Piece of Family Biography. In Three Volumes, volume II, London: Printed for J[ohn] Bell, no. 148, Oxford-Street, opposite New Bond-Street, →OCLC, page 216:I weighed anchor inſtantly, and bore up right a-head to Dynevawr-houſe as faſt as my wooden leg would carry me. […] Shiver my timbers! what do you think I found 'em at? Split my wind if there was not a gang, with Mrs. Martha at the head, working away at the temple which was built for us to take our grog in.
** 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, “At the Sign of the ‘Spy-Glass’”, in Treasure Island, London, Paris, New York, N.Y.: Cassell & Company, Limited, published 1883, →OCLC, page 66:"The score!" he burst out. "Three goes o' rum! Why, shiver my timbers, if I hadn't forgotten my score!" And, falling on a bench, he laughed until the tears ran down his cheeks.
** 2005, Daisy Jordan, chapter 19, in Wild about Harry, London: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 263:When I wake up the next morning there's a seagull on my windowsill. […] They're such big birds, seagulls, so loud and cocksure and arrogant. If they could speak they would all sound like sailors. All avast! and ahoy there! and shiver me timbers! and they'd smoke reedy pipes and down flagons of foamy ale.

#### Alternative forms

* shiver me timbers

#### Translations
### Further reading

* shiver my timbers on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Delhi belly
## English
### Etymology

From the diarrhea often experienced by foreign travellers to India; the city of Delhi was doubtless chosen for the rhyme with belly.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛli bɛli/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

Delhi belly (uncountable)
* (idiomatic, informal) Digestive illness or diarrhoea, especially if suffered by a visitor to India.
    Synonym: Bali belly

#### See also

* Montezuma's revenge
* traveler's diarrhea
# კონტინენტური შელფი
## Georgian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English continental shelf.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼontʼinentʼuɾi ʃelpʰi]
* Hyphenation: კონ‧ტი‧ნენ‧ტუ‧რი შელ‧ფი

### Noun

კონტინენტური შელფი • (ḳonṭinenṭuri šelpi) (plural კონტინენტური შელფები)
* continental shelf
    Synonym: კონტინენტური მეჩეჩი (ḳonṭinenṭuri mečeči)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# strčia
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstr̩t͡ʃi̯a]

### Verb

strčia
* third-person plural present indicative of strčiť
# satisfação
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin satisfactiōnem, satisfactiōnis.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /sa.t͡ʃis.faˈsɐ̃w̃/ [sa.t͡ʃis.faˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Brazil) IPA: /sa.t͡ʃis.faˈsɐ̃w̃/ [sa.t͡ʃis.faˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /sa.t͡ʃiʃ.faˈsɐ̃w̃/ [sa.t͡ʃiʃ.faˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Portugal) IPA: /sɐ.tiʃ.fɐˈsɐ̃w̃/
* (Northeast Brazil) IPA: /sa.tis.fa.ˈsɐ̃w̃/, /sa.tiʃ.fa.ˈsɐ̃w̃/
* Hyphenation: sa‧tis‧fa‧ção

### Noun

satisfação f (plural satisfações)
* satisfaction
* gratification, enjoyment
* explanation, justification

#### Derived terms

* dar satisfação / dar satisfações
* tirar satisfação / tirar satisfações
# no problem
## English
### Noun

no problem (uncountable)
* Something easy, not difficult, not posing problems.
    Finding this house should be no problem if we use a good map.

#### Translations

* Note: These translations may not all be nouns.

### Interjection

no problem
* Certainly, sure (said when granting a request).
    Porter, can you help me with my bags? — No problem, sir.
* No thanks is necessary; you're welcome (said in response to an expression of gratitude).
    Thank you. — No problem.
* No apology is necessary; think nothing of it (said in response to an expression of regret).
    I'm sorry. — No problem.

#### Synonyms

* (certainly): certainly, of course, yes
* (no thanks (or apology) is necessary): don't mention it, it's nothing, you're welcome, no worries, it was nothing, not at all, no probs, it's all right, that's OK; see also Thesaurus:you're welcome

#### Related terms

* no prob (clipping)
* no problemo
* NP (Internet)

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# Capra
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin capra (“female goat”).

### Proper noun

Capra f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Bovidae – goats.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – subclass; Eutheria/Placentalia – infraclass; Artiodactyla – order; Bovidae – family; Caprinae - subfamily

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Capra hircus - type species; Capra aegagrus, Capra caucasica, Capra cylindricornis, †Capra dalii, Capra falconeri, Capra ibex, Capra nubiana, Capra pyrenaica, Capra sibirica, Capra walie

#### Related terms

* caprid

### References

* Capra (genus) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Capra on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Capra on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

## Romanian
### Etymology

From capră.

### Proper noun

Capra m (genitive/dative lui Capra)
* a surname
* A river in Argeș, Romania, tributary to the Argeș
* A river in Gorj, Romania, tributary to the Ciocadia
* A river in Bihor, Romania, tributary to the Dașor

### References

* Iordan, Iorgu (1983) Dicționar al numelor de familie românești [A Dictionary of Romanian Family Names]‎, Bucharest: Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică
# small hours
## English
### Etymology

From the small number used to identify such hours (e.g. 1 o'clock, 2 o'clock).

### Noun

small hours pl (plural only)
* The very early morning, just after midnight, when most people are asleep.
** 1949 September and October, “The "Nord Express"”, in Railway Magazine, page 336:Cologne Hauptbahnhof is reached in the small hours, and the traveller new to postwar Germany is spared the sight of the devastated city.
** 1962 April, J. N. Faulkner, “Summer Saturday at Waterloo”, in Modern Railways, page 265:Then follows a quiet period during the small hours, marked by the departure of the other newspaper trains and some van trains, and by the arrival of the mail train from Weymouth.
** 2017 June 26, Alexis Petridis, “Glastonbury 2017 verdict: Radiohead, Foo Fighters, Lorde, Stormzy and more”, in the Guardian‎:...the writer conjured up a dystopian fantasy more berserk than anything you might find yourself listening to in the small hours at the Stone Circle.

#### Usage notes

Almost always used with the definite article (the small hours), or occasionally with a demonstrative adjective (these small hours, those small hours).

#### Synonyms

* (very early morning): wee hours, wee small hours, ungodly hours; see also Thesaurus:early morning
# اڈیاں
## Punjabi
### Verb

اُڈِّیاں • (uḍḍiyāṉ)
* inflection of اُڈّݨا (uḍḍṇā):
** feminine plural perfective participle
** feminine plural indicative perfective
# viteál
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪtɛaːl]

### Noun

viteál m anim
* horcrux (magical objects in the works of J. K. Rowling)
# buitensporigheid
## Dutch
### Etymology

From buitensporig (“excessive”) +‎ -heid (“-ness”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

buitensporigheid f (plural buitensporigheden)
* (uncountable) excessiveness
* (countable) an excess
    Synonyms: uitwas, uitspatting, exces
# hundrete
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦundrece]

### Verb

hundrete
* second-person plural present indicative of hundrať
# جرسون
## South Levantine Arabic
### Alternative forms

* چرسون (alternative spelling, Palestine)
* گرسون (alternative spelling)
* غرسون (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

From Turkish garson, from French garçon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡar.soːn/

### Noun

جرسون • (garsōn) m (plural جرسونين (garsōnīn), feminine جرسونة (garsōné))
* waiter
** 2021, “Antenne”‎performed by Bashar Murad ft. Tamer Nafar:چارسون، هات شوت مايسترgarsōn, hāt šōt māysterWaiter, give me a shot of Meister
# Frýdek
## Czech
### Etymology

From Frýdek-Místek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfriːdɛk]

### Proper noun

Frýdek m anim (female equivalent Frýdková)
* a male habitational surname

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Moldanová, Dobrava (2019) Naše příjmení [Our surnames] (in Czech), 5th edition, Prague: Agentura Pankrác, →ISBN, page 54

### Further reading

* “Frýdek”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# Ligustinus
## Latin
### Etymology

Related to Ligusticus.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /li.ɡusˈtiː.nus/, [lʲɪɡʊs̠ˈt̪iːnʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /li.ɡusˈti.nus/, [liɡusˈt̪iːnus]

### Noun

Ligustīnus m (genitive Ligustīnī); second declension
* A Roman cognomen — famously held by:
** Spurius Ligustinus, a Roman soldier

#### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

### References

* Ligustinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# nipisiʼ
## Makasar
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Sulawesi *nipis, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nipis (“thin”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnipisiʔ/, [ˈnĩ.pʰi.siʔ]
* Hyphenation: ni‧pi‧siʼ

### Noun

nipisiʼ (Lontara spelling ᨊᨗᨄᨗᨔᨗ)
* thin (of flat objects)
    Antonym: kapalaʼ (“thick”)
* light, not serious in nature

#### Affixations

* nipìsi

### Further reading

* Cense, A. A. (1979) Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek, 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
# კოშმარი
## Georgian
### Alternative forms

* კაშმარი (ḳašmari) — nonstandard

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian кошма́р (košmár).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʼoʃmaɾi]
* Hyphenation: კოშ‧მა‧რი

### Noun

კოშმარი • (ḳošmari) (plural კოშმარები)
* nightmare
    Synonym: მაჯლაჯუნა (maǯlaǯuna)

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.

### See also

* დასიზმრება (dasizmreba)
* სიზმარი (sizmari)
# fetovanie
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfetɔvaɲi̯e]

### Verb

fetovanie
* verbal noun of fetovať
# befer
## Middle English
### Noun

befer
* (Early Middle English) Alternative form of bever (“beaver”)

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* beofor, byfor, bebr, bebir, beber, befor, beofer, beuer

### Etymology

From earlier *bebr. The alternative form beofor must have the slightly different pre-form *bebur, since it shows back umlaut. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus, whence Proto-Germanic *bebruz and Latin fiber.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbe.fer/, [ˈbe.ver]

### Noun

befer m
* beaver

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* *bifren

#### Descendants

* Middle English: bever, beauver, beever, befer, beofer, beuver, bevere, bevre, bevyr, bevyre, bewer, byvre
** English: beaver
** Scots: bever, baiver
** → Irish: béabhar
# Rechtsanwalt
## German
### Etymology

Recht (“law”) +‎ -s- +‎ Anwalt (“lawyer”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʁɛçt͡sʔanˌvalt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Rechts‧an‧walt

### Noun

Rechtsanwalt m (strong, genitive Rechtsanwaltes or Rechtsanwalts, plural Rechtsanwälte, feminine Rechtsanwältin)
* lawyer

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Descendants

* Kashubian: rëchcenwalt

### Further reading

* “Rechtsanwalt” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Rechtsanwalt” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Rechtsanwalt” in Duden online
* Rechtsanwalt on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# 起早坐暗
## Chinese

| | | to wake up early; early morning | to sit; to take a seat; to take (a bus, aeroplane, etc.) | dark; gloomy; hiddendark; gloomy; hidden; secret |
| trad. (起早坐暗) | trad. (起早坐暗) | 起早 | 坐 | 暗 |
| simp. $^#$(起早坐暗) | simp. $^#$(起早坐暗) | 起早 | 坐 | 暗 |
| Literally: “get up early and still sit up when it's late”. |||||

### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-chá-chē-àm
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-chá-chē-àm
*** Tâi-lô: khí-tsá-tsē-àm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qyzafzexaxm
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡se³³⁻²¹ am²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sa⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡se³³⁻¹¹ am¹¹/

### Idiom

起早坐暗
* (Hokkien) to work hard night and day; to burn the candle at both ends

#### Synonyms

* 夙興夜寐 / 夙兴夜寐 (sùxīngyèmèi)
* 起早坐晏 (Hokkien)
* 起早坐酉 (Hokkien)
* 起早摸暗 (Hokkien)
* 起早摸黑 (qǐzǎomōhēi)
* 起早暝晏 (Puxian Min)
* 起早暝暗 (Puxian Min)
* 起早貪黑 / 起早贪黑 (qǐzǎomōhēi)
* 起早起晏 (Puxian Min)

### References

* 東方孝義 (TŌHŌ Takayoshi) (1931) “起早坐暗”, in 臺日新辭書 [New Taiwanese–Japanese dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: 臺灣警察協會, page 157
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “起早坐暗”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
# the shoemaker's children go barefoot
## English
### Proverb

the shoemaker's children go barefoot
* One often neglects those closest to oneself.
** 1999, Stephen King, “Heavenly Shades of Night Are Falling”, in Hearts in Atlantis, Hodder & Stoughton, →ISBN, page 493:I've got a lovely wife who's a professional photographer, three lovely grown children, a lovely old dog with bad hips and a good disposition, and an old house which is always in desperate need of repairs. My wife says that’s because the shoemaker's kids always go barefoot and the carpenter’s house always has a leaky roof.
** 2004, Yuichi Mori, Handbook of Computational Statistics: Concepts and Methods, Springer, →ISBN, page 498:Traditionally, ‘the shoemaker's children go barefoot’; i.e., users of computational statistics ignore statistical issues—such as sensitivity analysis—of their simulation results.
** 2005, Michka Assayas, “Faith Versus Luck”, in Bono: In Conversation with Michka Assayas, New York: Riverhead books, →ISBN, page 309:So we eventually listened to the unfinished studio CD through his daughter Eve's ghetto blaster. I made the predictable joke about the shoemaker's children who always go barefoot. It had been the same at Elton John's place, Bono revealed.
** 2022, Valerie Schultz, A Hill of Beans: The Grace of Everyday Troubles, Liturgical Press, →ISBN, page 17:Just as the shoemaker's children go barefoot and the carpenter's children live under a leaky roof, I knew this day would come. I am a church worker whose child has stopped going to church.

#### Synonyms

* the cobbler's children are the worst shod
* shoemaker's son always goes barefoot

#### See also

* cobbler, keep to your last
* shoemaker, stick to your last

### References

* John Heywood (1538) chapter XI, in Proverbes, Part I, page 147
* Robert Burton (1621) The Anatomy of Melancholy, page 2112