# adder
## English
### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈædɚ/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ædə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English nadder, addere, rebracketing of “a naddere” as “an addere”, from Old English nǣdre (“snake”), from Proto-West Germanic *nadrā, from Proto-Germanic *nadrǭ, from pre-Germanic *néh₁treh₂, variant of Proto-Indo-European *n̥h₁trih₂, from *(s)neh₁- (“to spin, twist”).
See also West Frisian njirre, Dutch adder, German Natter, Otter; also Welsh neidr, Latin natrīx (“watersnake”), Dutch naaien.

#### Alternative forms

* edder (dialectal)

#### Noun

adder (plural adders)
* (obsolete) Any snake.
** 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:CALIBAN: His spirits hear me, / And yet I needs must curse. But they'll nor pinch / Fright me with urchin-shows, pitch me i'th' mire, / Nor lead me like a firebrand in the dark / Out of my way, unless he bid 'em; but / For every trifle are they set upon me, / Sometimes like apes that mow and chatter at me, / And after bite me; then like hedgehogs, which / Lie tumbling in my barefoot way, and mount / Their pricks at my footfall; sometimes am I / All wound with adders, who with their cloven tongues / Do hiss me into madness—
* A name loosely applied to various snakes more or less resembling the viper.
** (chiefly British) A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera
*** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXX, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 245:Entirely filled with the image of another, her heart, indeed, had the deaf ear of the adder, which heedeth not the voice of the charmer, charm he never so wisely.
*** 2021 August 25, Nick Brodrick, “Flourishing Flora and Fauna”, in RAIL, number 938, page 51:These include the county's [Cumbria's] only venomous snake - the adder - which relies on exposed elements to successfully breed its young.
*** The common European adder (Vipera berus).
** The puff adders, of Africa (genus Bitis).
** (US, Canada) Any of several small nonvenomous snakes resembling adders
*** Lampropeltis triangulum (milk snake).
*** Heterodon spp. (hog-nosed snakes), a genus of harmless colubrid snakes found in North America
** Certain venomous snakes resembling other adders
*** Acanthophis spp. (death adders), elapid snakes found in Southeast Asia and Australia
*** Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen, the northern copperhead, a venomous viper found in the eastern United States
** A sea stickleback or adder fish (Spinachia spinachia).

##### Derived terms

* adder bead
* adderbolt
* adder fish
* adder fly
* adderlike
* adder stone
* adderwort
* butterfly adder
* common death adder
* deaf adder
* death adder
* Gaboon adder
* horned adder
* Kimberley death adder
* night adder
* pit adder, pit-adder
* puff adder (Bitis arietans)
* sea adder
* water adder

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From add +‎ -er.

#### Noun

adder (plural adders)
* Someone who or something which performs arithmetic addition; a machine for adding numbers.
* An electronic device that adds voltages, currents or frequencies.
* Something which adds or increases.
    They sought out cost adders with an eye toward eliminating them.

##### Derived terms

* adder-subtractor
* carry-lookahead adder
* carry-save adder
* carry-skip adder
* full adder
* half adder

##### Translations
### Further reading

* adder on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* dared, dread, radde, re-add, readd

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch adder, from Middle Dutch adder, adre, misdivison of nadder, nadre, from Old Dutch *nadra, from Proto-Germanic *nadrǭ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈadər/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

adder (plural adders, diminutive addertjie)
* viper, adder

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch adder, adre, rebracketing of nadder, nadre, from Old Dutch *nadra, from Proto-West Germanic *nadrā.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑ.dər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ad‧der
* Rhymes: -ɑdər

### Noun

adder m or f (plural adders or adderen, diminutive addertje n)
* viper, adder; snake of the family Viperidae
* common viper, Vipera berus

#### Hypernyms

* slang

#### Derived terms

* addergebroed
* addertje onder het gras
* boomadder
* een adder aan zijn borst koesteren
* groefkopadder
* pofadder

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: adder
* Negerhollands: adder

### Anagrams

* dader

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

adder
* imperative of addere

## Old Prussian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Early German adder, dialectal variant of oder (“or”).

### Conjunction

adder
* or
** 1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 69, line 8:Ains Rikijs adder SupūniA lord or lady
* but, however
** 1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 61, line 11:Kas ſtwi druwē bhe Crixtits wijrſt / ſtas wijrſt Deiwuts / kas adder ni Druwe / ſtas wijrſt perklantīts.That, who believes and is baptized, shall be blessed; that, however, who doesn't believe, shall be damned.
* only, but
** 1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 39, line 5:Tāns preigerdawi adder / etnijſtin bhe wiſſan labbanHe pledged but Grace and all the good

### References

* Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988) “adder”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎ (in Lithuanian), volume 1, Vilnius: Mokslas, page 48