# 弄

| 弄 | U+5F04, &#24324; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F04 |
| ← 弃 [U+5F03] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 弅 → [U+5F05] |
| 弄 | U+F943, &#63811; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F943 |
| ← 壟 [U+F942] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 籠 → [U+F944] |

## Translingual
### Han character

弄 (Kangxi radical 55, 廾+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一土廿 (MGT), four-corner 1044$_1$, composition ⿱王廾)

#### Derived characters

* 㑝 㛞 㟖 㢅 㳥 哢 挵 梇 𤯨 硦 𠸙 𧋼 𨁦 𥨋 𩩖 𠑋 𡫶 𢌊 𤯩 𤲌 𤿰 𧚠 𥧪 𦡠 𩀳 𪔠 𢌌 筭 𡋱 𡱯 𡷟 𢃈 𢙱 𢚸 𤞬 𨓡 𪫵 𫠯

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 353, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9596
* Dae Jaweon: page 669, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 515, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5F04
* Unihan data for U+F943

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 弄 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 筭 | *sloːns |
| 弄 | *roːŋs |
| 梇 | *roːŋs |
| 哢 | *roːŋs |
| 硦 | *rʷaːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 玉 (“jade”) + 廾 (“hands”) – play with a jade artefact using one's hands.

### Etymology 1

Compared with Khmer លួង (luəng, “to console; to cheer; to coax; to flatter”) < Old Khmer lvaṅ (“to cheer, amuse, entertain, divert”) < Pre-Angkorian Khmer loṅ. The Khmer initial consonant does not agree with Old Chinese; perhaps the Khmer word is a post-Han loan (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): nòng, nèng (nong$^4$, neng$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄨㄥˋ, ㄋㄥˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лун (lun, III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lung$^6$ / nung$^6$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lung$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): nung
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lung$^4$ / lung$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): nung$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): lōng
* Eastern Min (BUC): lâe̤ng / lông
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lang$^5$ / lorng$^5$ / luong$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lāng / lōng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): long$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$lon / $^1$lon; $^6$lon
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): long$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nòng
*** Wade–Giles: nung$^4$
*** Yale: nùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nonq
*** Palladius: нун (nun)
*** Sinological IPA : /nʊŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, colloquial)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nèng
*** Wade–Giles: nêng$^4$
*** Yale: nèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nenq
*** Palladius: нэн (nɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /nɤŋ⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лун (lun, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /luŋ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lung$^6$ / nung$^6$
*** Yale: luhng / nuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lung$^6$ / nung$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lung$^6$ / nung$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lʊŋ²²/, /nʊŋ²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lung$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /luŋ¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nung
*** Hakka Romanization System: nung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: nung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /nuŋ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lung$^4$ / lung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /lʊŋ⁵³/, /lʊŋ³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: nung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /nuŋ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lōng
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lâe̤ng / lông
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɔyŋ²⁴²/, /l̃ouŋ²⁴²/
* lâe̤ng - colloquial;
* lông - literary.
* Middle Chinese: luwngH
Rime :
| Character | 弄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 盧貢切 |
| Baxter | luwngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ləwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lung$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤoŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*roːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 弄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nòng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ luwng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁoŋ-s/ |
| English | manipulate, play with |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 弄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9586 |
| Phonetic component | 弄 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 弄 |
| Old Chinese | /*roːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

弄
* to play with; to play around with; to fiddle with; to fondle
       Zhēnde shì mìngyùn nòng rén. [Pinyin]
       It must be a quirk of fate.
* to enjoy; to play
* trick; magic
* to make fun of; to tease; to bully
* to show off; to make a show of
* (Southern Min) to amuse (a child)
* (music) to play (a musical instrument); to perform
* (music) ditty
* to do; to engage in; to undertake; to deal with
* to make ... do/become ...; to cause ... to do ...
       Tā bǎ xiǎohái nòng kū le. [Pinyin]
       He made the kid cry.
* (colloquial) to cause someone to become pregnant
* (Southern Min) to shake off; to shake out
* to marry
* to investigate; to look into
* to get; to obtain; to fetch
       Nǐ zhè shū nǎr nòng de ya. [Pinyin]
       Where did you get the book?
    From: 司馬相如 (Sima Xiangru) 《上林賦》 "Rhapsody on the Imperial Park", in 《史記》 Records of the Grand Historian
    nòng xièzhì [Pinyin]
    (They) capture the discerning buck.
* to decorate; to dress up; to put on make-up

#### Compounds

* 一弄兒 / 一弄儿
* 不好弄
* 丟眉弄眼 / 丢眉弄眼
* 丟眉弄色 / 丢眉弄色
* 五花爨弄
* 作弄 (zuònòng)
* 侍弄 (shìnòng)
* 傳杯弄盞 / 传杯弄盏
* 出乖弄醜 / 出乖弄丑 (chūguāinòngchǒu)
* 吟風弄月 / 吟风弄月
* 含飴弄孫 / 含饴弄孙 (hányínòngsūn)
* 咂嘴弄脣 / 咂嘴弄唇
* 咂嘴弄舌
* 和弄
* 品弄
* 哄弄
* 唆弄
* 嘲弄 (cháonòng)
* 嘲風弄月 / 嘲风弄月
* 圈弄
* 團弄 / 团弄
* 好弄玄虛 / 好弄玄虚
* 媟弄
* 嬉弄
* 專國弄權 / 专国弄权
* 弄丸
* 弄乖
* 弄乾坤 / 弄干坤
* 弄來弄去 / 弄来弄去
* 弄倒
* 弄假成真 (nòngjiǎchéngzhēn)
* 弄優 / 弄优
* 弄兵潢池
* 弄刀
* 弄刺子兒 / 弄刺子儿
* 弄口
* 弄口鳴舌 / 弄口鸣舌
* 弄喧
* 弄喧搗鬼
* 弄嘴
* 弄嘴弄舌
* 弄堂 (lòngtáng)
* 弄壞 / 弄坏 (nònghuài)
* 弄好 (nònghǎo)
* 弄小
* 弄小性兒 / 弄小性儿
* 弄局
* 弄岔
* 弄巧反拙
* 弄左性
* 弄巧成拙 (nòngqiǎochéngzhuō)
* 弄影
* 弄性
* 弄性尚氣 / 弄性尚气
* 弄手腳 / 弄手脚
* 弄擰了 / 弄拧了
* 弄文
* 弄文輕武 / 弄文轻武
* 弄斧班門 / 弄斧班门
* 弄月
* 弄月嘲風 / 弄月嘲风
* 弄月摶風 / 弄月抟风
* 弄柳拈花
* 弄權 / 弄权 (nòngquán)
* 弄死 (nòngsǐ)
* 弄水
* 弄法
* 弄潮 (nòngcháo)
* 弄潮兒 / 弄潮儿 (nòngcháo'ér)
* 弄濤 / 弄涛
* 弄狗相咬
* 弄獅 / 弄狮
* 弄獐
* 弄獐宰相
* 弄玉偷香
* 弄璋 (nòngzhāng)
* 弄璋之喜 (nòngzhāngzhīxǐ)
* 弄璋之慶 / 弄璋之庆
* 弄瓦 (nòngwǎ)
* 弄瓦之喜 (nòngwǎzhīxǐ)
* 弄甏
* 弄白相
* 弄盞傳杯 / 弄盏传杯
* 弄破
* 弄神弄鬼
* 弄空頭 / 弄空头
* 弄窩子 / 弄窝子
* 弄筆 / 弄笔
* 弄筆端 / 弄笔端
* 弄筆墨 / 弄笔墨 (nòng bǐmò)
* 弄粉調朱 / 弄粉调朱
* 弄精神
* 弄精細 / 弄精细
* 弄精魂
* 弄翰
* 弄聳 / 弄耸
* 弄腔調 / 弄腔调
* 弄臣 (nòngchén)
* 弄虛作假 / 弄虚作假 (nòngxūzuòjiǎ)
* 弄虛頭 / 弄虚头
* 弄車鼓 / 弄车鼓
* 弄送
* 弄錯 / 弄错 (nòngcuò)
* 弄錢 / 弄钱
* 弄險 / 弄险
* 弄風兒 / 弄风儿
* 弄飯 / 弄饭
* 弄髒 / 弄脏 (nòngzāng)
* 弄鬆 / 弄松
* 弄鬼 (nòngguǐ)
* 弄鬼妝么
* 弄鬼弔猴 / 弄鬼吊猴
* 弄鬼搏沙
* 彈弄 / 弹弄
* 愚弄 (yúnòng)
* 戲弄 / 戏弄 (xìnòng)
* 抓弄
* 把弄
* 扯皮弄筋
* 抱子弄孫 / 抱子弄孙
* 拈弄 (niānnòng)
* 拈花弄月
* 抬鼓弄
* 持刀弄棒
* 挑弄 (tiǎonòng)
* 拿板弄勢 / 拿板弄势
* 挾勢弄權 / 挟势弄权
* 捏弄
* 捉弄 (zhuōnòng)
* 捕風弄月 / 捕风弄月
* 掉嘴弄舌
* 掇弄
* 掉弄
* 掬弄
* 提刀弄斧
* 插圈弄套
* 搬口弄舌
* 搬弄 (bānnòng)
* 搬弄口舌
* 搬弄是非 (bānnòngshìfēi)
* 搬脣弄舌 / 搬唇弄舌
* 搔頭弄姿 / 搔头弄姿
* 搔首弄姿 (sāoshǒunòngzī)
* 搏香弄粉
* 摩弄
* 摶砂弄汞 / 抟砂弄汞
* 摶香弄粉 / 抟香弄粉
* 撩弄
* 撥弄 / 拨弄 (bōnòng)
* 播弄
* 撮弄 (cuōnòng)
* 撫弄 / 抚弄 (fǔnòng)
* 撥弄是非 / 拨弄是非
* 擠眉弄眼 / 挤眉弄眼
* 擠眼弄眉 / 挤眼弄眉
* 攛弄 / 撺弄
* 故弄玄虛 / 故弄玄虚 (gùnòngxuánxū)
* 梅花三弄
* 江南弄
* 沒打弄 / 没打弄
* 漁陽弄 / 渔阳弄
* 潢池弄兵
* 火上弄冰
* 狎弄
* 玩弄
* 班門弄斧 / 班门弄斧 (bānménnòngfǔ)
* 瑟弄琴調 / 瑟弄琴调
* 瑟調琴弄 / 瑟调琴弄
* 盜弄 / 盗弄
* 盤弄 / 盘弄
* 瞞神弄鬼 / 瞒神弄鬼
* 禍弄 / 祸弄
* 竊弄 / 窃弄
* 竊弄威權 / 窃弄威权
* 簉弄
* 簸弄 (bǒnòng)
* 翻弄 (fānnòng)
* 翻脣弄舌 / 翻唇弄舌
* 耍弄 (shuǎnòng)
* 胡弄局
* 舞弄 (wǔnòng)
* 舞文弄法
* 舞文弄墨 (wǔwénnòngmò)
* 舞筆弄文 / 舞笔弄文
* 般弄
* 裝神弄鬼 / 装神弄鬼 (zhuāngshénnòngguǐ)
* 調嘴弄舌 / 调嘴弄舌
* 調弄 / 调弄
* 調絃弄管 / 调弦弄管
* 調脣弄舌 / 调唇弄舌
* 調舌弄脣 / 调舌弄唇
* 調風弄月 / 调风弄月
* 調墨弄筆 / 调墨弄笔
* 變弄 / 变弄 (biànnòng)
* 販弄 / 贩弄
* 賣弄 / 卖弄
* 踢天弄井
* 踢弄
* 車鼓弄 / 车鼓弄
* 造化弄人
* 運弄 / 运弄
* 顧影弄姿 / 顾影弄姿
* 顯弄 / 显弄
* 飯飽弄箸 / 饭饱弄箸
* 鬼弄

### Etymology 2

Possibly from an ancient regional variant of 巷 (OC *ɡroːŋs, “alley”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lòng (long$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lung$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): lâe̤ng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lāng / lōng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): long$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lòng
*** Wade–Giles: lung$^4$
*** Yale: lùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lonq
*** Palladius: лун (lun)
*** Sinological IPA : /lʊŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lung$^6$
*** Yale: luhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lung$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lung$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lʊŋ²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lâe̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɔyŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāng / lōng
*** Tâi-lô: lāng / lōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lang, long
*** IPA (Xiamen): /laŋ²²/, /lɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /laŋ⁴¹/, /lɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /laŋ²²/, /lɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /laŋ³³/, /lɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /laŋ³³/, /lɔŋ³³/
* lāng - colloquial;
* lōng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: luwngH
Rime :
| Character | 弄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 盧貢切 |
| Baxter | luwngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ləwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lung$^6$ |

#### Definitions

弄
* (historical) lane in palace
* (regional) alleyway; lane; apartment complex (especially in Shanghai)
    安遠路一八弄／安远路一八弄 ― Ānyuǎn Lù Yībā Lòng ― 18 Anyuan Road

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 巷 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 衚衕, 巷子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 衚衕兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 巷子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 衚衕兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 衚衕兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 衚衕兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 衚衕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 衚衕 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 衚衕兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 衚衕, 巷道 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 衚衕兒, 過道 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 衚衕兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 衚衕兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 衚衕, 巷子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 衚衕道, 衚衕, 巷子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 衚衕兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 衚衕 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 衚衕兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 衚衕兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 衚衕 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 衚衕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 巷子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 衚衕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 衚衕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 衚衕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 衚衕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 衚衕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 衚衕兒, 過道兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 衚衕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 衚衕, 巷子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 巷子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 巷道 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 巷子, 巷巷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 巷道, 巷巷 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 巷口子, 巷口兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 衚衕 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 巷子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 巷道, 巷子, 巷巷子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 巷子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 巷子, 巷道 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 巷子, 巷巷兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 巷巷兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 巷巷兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 巷子, 巷巷兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 巷子, 里分, 里 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 巷子, 道子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 巷兒, 巷巷兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 巷巷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 弄子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 巷巷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 沖沖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 巷, 巷巷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 巷巷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 巷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 巷兒, 弄兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 衚衕, 巷子, 巷道 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 巷子, 巷當 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 巷, 巷道 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 巷子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 巷子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 冷, 巷 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 巷 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 巷子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 巷仔 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 巷子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 巷 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 巷子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 巷仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 巷, 巷笐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 巷 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 巷 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 巷 |
| Hakka | Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 巷子 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 巷 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 巷, 巷路 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 巷, 黑浪 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 巷子, 巷兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 巷兒, 巷 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 黑浪 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 巷巷 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 圪浪得 |
| Jin | Linhe | 巷子 |
| Jin | Jining | 巷子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 巷子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 巷子, 黑浪子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 衚衕 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 衚衕兒, 巷兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 衚衕, 過道 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 衚衕兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 巷子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 巷仔, 弄仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 巷, 巷巷, 巷囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 巷巷 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 弄頭 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 弄 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 巷囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 巷 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 弄囝 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 巷囝 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 巷囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 巷囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 巷, 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 巷 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 巷仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 巷囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 巷, 巷囝 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 巷 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 巷囝 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 巷囝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 舊弄巷, 家弄巷, 弄 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 巷 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 弄堂, 小弄堂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 弄堂, 弄 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 弄堂, 巷 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Changshu | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Liyang | 巷, 弄堂 |
| Wu | Changzhou (Jintan) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Yixing | 巷弄, 弄堂 |
| Wu | Danyang | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Jingjiang | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Jiangyin | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Huzhou (Shuanglin) | 巷 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 巷兒, 弄堂, 弄 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Zhuji (Wangjiajing) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Chongren) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Shengzhou (Taiping) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 弄堂, 小弄堂, 小路 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 弄堂 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 巷弄, 巷 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 巷 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 弄堂, 弄, 弄弄 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 巷 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 巷子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 弄子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 巷子 |

#### Compounds

* 巷弄 (xiànglòng)
* 弄堂 (lòngtáng)

### Etymology 3

Probably from Lingao ȵam¹ (“to play”) (Fu, 2008).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): nam$^3$
* Southern Min
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: nam$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /nam²¹/
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Hainanese”

#### Definitions

弄
* (Hainanese, Leizhou Min) to play; to have fun
** 2014, “O Nai”, in 强哥 [Mr Hiang] (lyrics), Maroon 5 and 强哥 [Mr Hiang] (music), 大海南‎, performed by 强哥 [Mr Hiang]:
       If you come out to have fun, no need to be afraid of getting drunk, make it right

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 嬉, 戲 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 玩, 玩耍 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 玩兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 玩 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 玩 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 玩 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 玩兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 玩兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 站, 耍$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 耍$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 翻倒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 子奇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 耍$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 耍$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 耍$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 玩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 耍$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 玩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 玩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 玩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 玩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 玩 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 玩 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 玩 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 玩, 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 玩, 仙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 去嫽 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 玩, 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 成人, 玩 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 耍$_1$, 玩 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 嫽, 戀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 耍極 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 玩耍 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 蕩 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 耍$_1$, 搞 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 玩, 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 蕩 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 搞 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 嫽, 蕩 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 去嫽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 耍$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 玩, 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 玩 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 玩, 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 玩, 嫽 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 耍$_1$ |
| Gan | Nanchang | 暱, 玩 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 猥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 耍$_1$ |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嫽, 搞 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 搣 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 搞 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Changting | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 嬉 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 嫽, 搞 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 嬉 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 搞, 嫽 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 尞, 搞 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 尞, 搞 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 尞, 搞 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 尞, 搞 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 尞, 爽 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 尞, 搞 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 嫽, 搞 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 嫽, 搞 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 嫽 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 搞 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 嬉 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 耍$_1$ |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嬉 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 嬉 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 嬉 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 嬉 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 嬉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 他佻 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 宅佻 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 宅佻 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 宅佻 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 宅佻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 宅佻 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 客佻 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 客佻 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 𨑨, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 𨑨迌, 𨑨 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𨑨迌, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 𨑨迌, 𨑨, 奕 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 嬉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 耍$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌, 羅坐 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 耍$_2$, 𨑨迌 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 耍$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 弄 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 弄 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 弄 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 弄 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 弄 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 搭聊 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 搭聊 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 嬉 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 嬉 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 嬉 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 白相 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 白相 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 白相 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 白相 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 耍子 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 嬉 intransitive, 搞 transitive |
| Wu | Ningbo | 嬲和, 嬉 dated, 嬉戲 dated, 白相 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 嬉, 玩, 狡調 |
| Wu | Lishui | 嬉 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 嬉 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 玩 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 耍$_1$ |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 耍$_1$ |

#### Compounds

* 弄具
* 弄刀
* 弄喙
* 弄槍 / 弄枪
* 弄樂 / 弄乐
* 弄流
* 弄牌
* 弄物
* 弄笑
* 弄雅
* 弄麻雀

### Further reading

* (Min Nan pronunciation audio) “弄”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* tamper with

#### Readings

* Go-on: る (ru)
* Kan-on: ろう (rō, Jōyō)
* Kun: もてあそぶ (moteasobu, 弄ぶ, Jōyō)、たわむれる (tawamureru, 弄れる)、いじる (ijiru, 弄る)、いじくる (ijikuru, 弄る)、いらう (irau, 弄う)、いろう (irou, 弄う)、まさぐる (masaguru, 弄る)

## Korean
### Hanja

弄 (eumhun 희롱할 롱 (huironghal rong), word-initial (South Korea) 희롱할 농 (huironghal nong))
* hanja form of 롱/농 (“do, play or fiddle with, joke”)
* hanja form of 롱/농 (“alley”)
* hanja form of 롱/농 (“naughty”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

弄: Hán Nôm readings: lộng, lóng, lồng, luồng, lòng, lụng, trổng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.