# ob-
## English
### Etymology 1

From Latin ob-.

#### Prefix

ob-
* (non-productive) Against; facing; a combining prefix found in verbs of Latin origin.
* (botany) Of a reversed shape.

##### Synonyms

* (against): anti-, counter-, contra-, dys-

##### Derived terms
### Etymology 2

Clipping of obligatory.

#### Prefix

ob-
* (Internet, informal, humorous) Obligatory; prepended to the name of a topic being mentioned to avoid accusations of being off-topic.
** 1998, Haydn Black, “lesbian goths”, in alt.gothic (Usenet):ObGoth: Uh, well, it's like this you see, <searches in random file o' obgoth things> anyone out there got the new CoX album on Tess? If so which album is it *most* like?
** 1998, Peter Thomas, “FAQ: more info request”, in comp.sys.sinclair (Usenet):Aren't Newcastle's chairman Sunderland supporters? (From the way they acted?) Erm...obspeccy? Tynesoft, eh? What happened to them?
** 2000, Dan Glover, “Introduction to Linux article for commentary”, in alt.linux (Usenet):ObLinux: SAP were giving away a free development environment for use with RedHat v6.1 recently, a distinctly non-free complete system has been available for a while. This offers another example of a commercial application where the vendors now have sufficient confidence in Linux to release a port (even if it is distribution-specific).

### Anagrams

* BO, Bo, bo

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.

### Prefix

ob-
* a prefix with various functions, e.g. expressing:
    omission (obden = ob + den (day) = every other day)
    surrounding (objet = ob + jet (drive) = to drive around)

#### Derived terms

* objet
* objevit
* obsílka
* obšťastnit
* obvinit

#### See also

* obe-

### Further reading

* o-/ob(e)- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

## German
### Etymology 1

From ob (“over, above”).

#### Prefix

ob-
* over-, super-

### Etymology 2

From Latin ob-.

#### Prefix

ob-
* ob-

### Derived terms
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* obs-
* os-

### Etymology

Prefixation of preposition ob (“towards; against”).

### Prefix

ob-
* towards; against

#### Usage notes

In compounds, the b is often (from the data of derived terms below, one fourth of the times) assimilated into the next consonant producing a geminate.

#### Derived terms
## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /ɔb/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ɔb/

### Prefix

ob-
* prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around
    ‎ob- + ‎ić → ‎obić
* prefix added to verbs with various meanings
    ‎ob- + ‎mówić → ‎obmówić

#### See also

* o

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* obe-

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ob-. Doublet of o-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔb/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔb
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

ob-
* prefix added to verbs to mean surrounding, around
    ‎ob- + ‎jechać → ‎objechać
    Synonym: o-
* prefix added to verbs meaning entirely
    ‎ob- + ‎jeść (“to eat”) → ‎objeść się (“to eat and be overstuffed”)
Because the prefix ends with the consonant sometimes the first letter of the verb was dropped.
    ‎ob- + ‎źrzeć → ‎obejrzeć
    ‎ob- + ‎walić → ‎obalić

#### See also

* o

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* o- (usually before plosives, sometimes also other consonants)
* op- (before unvoiced consonants)
* oba- (in a few words)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ob, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ebʰi. See o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ob/

### Prefix

ob- (Cyrillic spelling об-)
* around, enclosing, surrounding
    jahati → objahati
    grliti → obgrliti
    kružiti → okružiti
* around, throughout, wholly
    javiti → objaviti
    uzeti → obuzeti
    lizati → oblizati
* on the surface or top of something
    grepsti → ogrepsti
* forms perfective verbs from imperfectives
    hrabriti → ohrabriti
* quite, -ish
    malen → omalen