OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# girder
## English
### Etymology

From gird +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡɜːdə(ɹ)/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɡɝdɚ/
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)də(ɹ)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

girder (plural girders)
* A beam of steel, wood, or reinforced concrete, used as a main horizontal support in a building or structure.
* One who girds; a satirist.

#### Derived terms

* box girder
* girderage
* girdered
* girdering
* girderless
* girderlike
* I-girder
* lattice girder
* plate girder
* regirder
* sandwich girder

#### Translations
### See also

* truss

### Anagrams

* Grider, gerrid
# Innehaben
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɪnəˌhaːbn̩]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: In‧ne‧ha‧ben

### Noun

Innehaben n (strong, genitive Innehabens, no plural)
* gerund of innehaben
# پچوطه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* پچوته (peçuta)

### Etymology

According to Meyer, borrowed from Greek πετσούδα (petsoúda, “large tuna; bonito”), ultimately from Italian pezzo (“piece”). According to Barbera, borrowed from Sicilian pasciuta (“well-fed, large”), reportedly nominalised to refer to large tunas. Compare also the synonymous archaic Italian pecciuto.

### Noun

پچوطه • (peçuta or peçota) (definite accusative پچوطه‌یی (peçutayı, peçotayı), plural پچوطه‌لر (peçutalar, peçotalar))
* Atlantic bonito, any large, mackerel-like fish of the species Sarda sarda
    Synonym: پالاموت (palamut)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: peçuta, peçeta, peçota, piçota, fıçıda, fıçıta

### References

* ↑ Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 25
* ↑ Barbera, Giuseppe (1940) Elementi italo-siculo-veneziano-genovesi nei linguaggi arabo e turco (in Italian), Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique, page 196ab

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “پچوطه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 389
* Bonelli, Luigi (1894) “Elementi italiani nel turco ed elementi turchi nell’italiano”, in L'Oriente (in Italian), volume 1, Rome, page 191 of 178–196, derives from Italian pezza
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پچوطه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 317
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پچوطه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 438
# 有落
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jau$^5$ lok$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiu$^1$ lok$^5$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jau$^5$ lok$^6$
*** Yale: yáuh lohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jau$^5$ lok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yeo$^5$ log$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐu̯¹³ lɔːk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yiu$^1$ lok$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiu³³ lɔk̚³²/

### Phrase

有落
* (Cantonese) I want to get off (the minibus)
       dei$^6$ tit$^3$ zaam$^6$ jau$^5$ lok$^6$. [Jyutping]
       I want to get off at the MTR station.
# diarist
## English
### Etymology

From diary +‎ -ist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdaɪəɹɪst/
* Audio (Southern England):noicon(file)

### Noun

diarist (plural diarists)
* Someone who keeps a diary.
** 1951 May, R. S. McNaught, “A Veteran Driver's Diary”, in Railway Magazine, page 336:Two typical weeks (selected at random and separated by a long interval) are set out in the accompanying tables, and indicate the clear and concise method adopted by the diarist throughout his 42 working years.

#### Derived terms

* diaristic

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* tarsiid
# analog clock
## English
### Alternative forms

* analogue clock

### Etymology

This is a retronym coined when digital clocks became common.

### Noun

analog clock (plural analog clocks)
* (retronym) A clock that displays the time using hands that move mechanically around its face.

#### See also

* tick-tock
# playera
## Spanish
### Etymology

From playa +‎ -era.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plaˈʝeɾa/ [plaˈʝe.ɾa]
* IPA: (everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /plaˈʝeɾa/ [plaˈʝe.ɾa]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /plaˈʃeɾa/ [plaˈʃe.ɾa]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /plaˈʒeɾa/ [plaˈʒe.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: pla‧ye‧ra

### Noun

playera f (plural playeras)
* (Guatemala, Mexico) T-shirt
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:camiseta
* (Spain) tennis shoes, trainers, training shoes, running shoes, runners, sneakers (sports shoe)
    Synonyms: zapatillas, deportivos, bambas

### Adjective

playera f sg
* feminine singular of playero

### Further reading

* “playero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Benesat
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Benesat.

### Proper noun

Benesat
* A village and commune of Sălaj, Romania.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Partial calque of Hungarian Benedekfalva, from Benedek +‎ falva.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Benesat m
* A commune of Sălaj, Romania
* A village in Benesat, Sălaj, Romania
# girlfriendless
## English
### Etymology

From girlfriend +‎ -less.

### Adjective

girlfriendless (not comparable)
* Without a girlfriend.
** 2009 July 21, David Updike, Old Girlfriends‎:He had been alone, girlfriendless, for nearly a year, and had sort of adjusted to bachelorhood […]
** 2012 July 5, Cecily von Ziegesar, Gossip Girl 4‎:He doesn't seem to mind being girlfriendless.

#### Derived terms

* girlfriendlessness
# ow
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaʊ/
* Audio (US):(file)
    Rhymes: -aʊ
* Homophone: our (some dialects)

### Interjection

ow
* Synonym of ouch (“cry of pain”)
* (music) Used for emotional emphasis.
** 1970, Free (lyrics and music), “All Right Now”:Now don't you wait or hesitate / Let's move before they raise the parking rate, ow!
** 1987, Michael Jackson (lyrics and music), “Smooth Criminal”:Then you ran into the bedroom / You were struck down / It was your doom, Annie / Ow!

### Noun

ow (plural ows)
* An uttering of an 'ow'.
** 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 98:Improvising a stretcher from a cupboard door, they levered Mrs Dibble on to it and got her upstairs to "Hoos!" and "Ows!" of anguish, and laid her on the bed, where Rita administered another stiff dose of gin.

#### Usage notes

In everyday colloquial (spoken or written) usage, the sound may be lengthened, such as in the form oww, usually to indicate an increase in pain or distress.

#### Derived terms

* owie

### Anagrams

* wo, w—O, W.O., W. O., WO, Wo, w/o

## Chinook Jargon
### Noun

ow
* younger brother

#### Coordinate terms

* (with regards to gender): ats
* (with regards to age): kahpo

## Cornish
### Alternative forms

* owth (used before vowels and h)

### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *wurt

### Particle

ow (triggers hard mutation)
* -ing (precedes verbal noun)

## Middle English
### Pronoun

ow
* Alternative form of yow

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From English o, the English name of the letter O/o.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈʔow/ [ˈʔoʊ̯]
* Rhymes: -ow
* Syllabification: ow

### Noun

ow (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜏ᜔)
* Alternative form of o: the name of the Latin-script letter O/o, in the Filipino alphabet
    Synonym: (in the Abakada alphabet and the Abecedario) o

#### See also

* (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi

### Further reading

* “ow”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# कठ
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kəʈʰ/, [kɐʈʰ]

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठ (kaṭha).

#### Noun

कठ • (kaṭh) m (Urdu spelling کَٹھ)
* (Hinduism) the name of a sage; Katha (see Katha Upanishad)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

कठ • (kaṭh) m (Urdu spelling کَٹھ)
* Alternative form of काठ (kāṭh)

##### Declension
### References

* Bahri, Caturvedi, Dasa-Hindi (2022) “कठ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Hindi Dictionaries]
# calm before the storm
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

the calm before the storm (plural calms before storms)
* (idiomatic) A period of peace before a disturbance or crisis; an unnatural or false calm before a storm.
    The meeting may be peaceful now, but this is only the calm before the storm.
** 2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: Crow's Nest:Calm before the storm, Marines. Enjoy it.
# táctil
## Asturian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tactilis.

### Adjective

táctil (epicene, plural táctiles)
* tactile (of, or relating to the sense of touch)

## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin tactilis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaktil/ [ˈt̪ɑk.t̪iɫ]
* Rhymes: -aktil
* Hyphenation: tác‧til

### Adjective

táctil m or f (plural táctiles) táctil m or f (plural tácteis, reintegrationist norm)
* tactile (of, or relating to the sense of touch)

#### Related terms

* tacto

### Further reading

* “táctil”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* “táctil” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* tátil

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin tāctilis.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtak.t͡ʃiw/ [ˈtak.t͡ʃiʊ̯], /ˈta.ki.t͡ʃiw/ [ˈta.ki.t͡ʃiʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtak.t͡ʃiw/ [ˈtak.t͡ʃiʊ̯], /ˈta.ki.t͡ʃiw/ [ˈta.ki.t͡ʃiʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈtak.t͡ʃiw/ [ˈtak.t͡ʃiʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈta.ktil/ [ˈta.ktiɫ]
* Hyphenation: tác‧til

### Adjective

táctil m or f (plural tácteis)
* tactile (relating to the sense of touch)

#### Related terms

* tato / tacto

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tactilis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaɡtil/ [ˈt̪aɣ̞.t̪il]
* Rhymes: -aɡtil
* Syllabification: tác‧til

### Adjective

táctil m or f (masculine and feminine plural táctiles)
* tactile

#### Derived terms

* panel táctil
* tactilidad

#### Related terms

* tacto

### Further reading

* “táctil”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# کبر
## Persian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Related to Ancient Greek κάππαρις (kápparis) and Old Armenian կապար (kapar).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ka.βaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bäɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bäɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰä.bäɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰä.bäɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰʲæ.bæɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bäɾ]

### Noun

کبر • (kabar)
* caper

#### Derived terms

* کبربا (kabar-bâ, “caper soup”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: kəvər
* → Middle Armenian: քապար (kʻapar), քապարայ (kʻaparay)

### Further reading

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “کبر”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “کبر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 790b
# MVVM
## English
### Proper noun

MVVM
* (computing, programming) Initialism of Model–View–ViewModel.
    Coordinate terms: MVC, MVP

### See also

* MVC

### Further reading

* MVVM on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Айдаркен
## Kyrgyz
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑjˈdɑrˈcen/

### Proper noun

Айдаркен • (Aydarken) (Arabic spelling ايداركەن)
* Aydarken (a city in the Batken Region, Kyrgyzstan)

#### Synonyms

* Хайдаркан (Haydarkan) (historical)
# contraption
## English
### Etymology

Possibly a Western US English dialectal word of unknown origin. Perhaps from contrive + trap + -tion, while also possibly approximating construction. Chambers suggests contrivance + adaption. Neither Chambers nor Concise Oxford suggests a US origin. Compare cantrip, cantrap (Scots dialect), a wilful piece of trickery.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, US) IPA: /kənˈtɹæp.ʃən/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Hyphenation: con‧trap‧tion

### Noun

contraption (plural contraptions)
* A machine that is complicated and precarious.
* (figuratively, derogatory or ironic) Any object.
** 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:“Yes, sir, if that was the language of love, I'll eat my hat,” said the blood relation, alluding, I took it, to the beastly straw contraption in which she does her gardening, concerning which I can only say that it is almost as foul as Uncle Tom's Sherlock Holmes deerstalker, which has frightened more crows than any other lid in Worcestershire.

#### Synonyms

* (mechanical device): contrivance, device, fandango, gadget, mechanism, construction

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### References

* ↑ Chambers Dictionary, Edinburgh, 1998, s.v.
# innehaben
## German
### Etymology

Univerbation of inne +‎ haben.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɪnəˌhaːbn̩]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: in‧ne‧ha‧ben

### Verb

innehaben (irregular, third-person singular present hat inne, past tense hatte inne, past participle innegehabt, past subjunctive hätte inne, auxiliary haben)
* to hold (e.g. a post or office)
* (formal) to possess
* (dated) to master (e.g. a skill)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Preferred; avoid the alternative in würde.

#### Related terms

* Innehaben
* handhaben, teilhaben

### Further reading

* “innehaben” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “innehaben” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “innehaben” in Duden online
* “innehaben” in OpenThesaurus.de
# भांग
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bʱɑːŋɡ/, [bʱä̃ːŋɡ]

### Noun

भांग • (bhāṅg) f
* Alternative spelling of भाँग (bhāṅg)

#### Declension
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘥𑘰𑘽𑘐 (bhāṃga), from Sanskrit भङ्ग (bhaṅga). Doublet of भंग (bhaṅga).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʱaŋ.ɡə/

### Noun

भांग • (bhāṅga) m or f
* The line along the sinciput (of females) made by parting the hair on both sides
* neap tide
* bhang, hashish, Cannabis sativa

#### Declension
### References

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “भांग”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “भांग”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
# conocer
## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* coñocer

### Etymology

From Late Latin conōscere, variant of Latin cognōscere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konoˈθeɾ/ [ko.noˈθeɾ]
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: co‧no‧cer

### Verb

conocer (first-person singular indicative present conozo, past participle conocíu)
* to know, to be aware of

#### Synonyms

* (to know): reconocer, saber

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin conōscere, variant of Latin cognōscere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /konoˈθeɾ/ [ko.noˈθeɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /konoˈseɾ/ [ko.noˈseɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: co‧no‧cer

### Verb

conocer (first-person singular present conozco, first-person singular preterite conocí, past participle conocido)
* to know (a person or a place), to be familiar with, to be acquainted with
    Antonym: desconocer
    Mucho gusto en conocerlaNice to meet you.
* (in the preterite tense) to meet
* (in the future tense) to get to know, become acquainted (with)
* to see, to visit, to explore (i.e., to get to know a place for the first time)
* to hear, to know (implies hearing for the first time)
    Me gustaría conocer su opinión sobre el material de origen.I would like to hear your opinion about the source material.
* to discover, to get to or come to know, to learn about, to find out
* (reflexive, reciprocal) to know, to have known
    Se conocen desde la infancia.They have known each other since childhood.
* (reflexive) to know oneself
* to conceptualize or conceive
* (archaic) to know, have sex with.
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 14:Una gallina negra que no haya conocida galloA black hen that has never known a cock

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* conocido
* conocimiento
* dar a conocer
* desconocer
* en la mucha necesidad, se conoce al amigo de verdad
* llegar a conocer (“to get to know”)
* más vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer
* quien no te conoce que te compre
* se conoce que
* te conozco, bacalao, aunque vengas disfrazado
* yo te conozco

#### Related terms

* conocible
* preconocer
* reconocer

#### See also

* saber

### Further reading

* “conocer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Princeville
## English
### Etymology 1

From French Princeville, from Prince +‎ -ville, named for Pierre Prince, an early settler.

#### Proper noun

Princeville
* A city in L'Érable, Centre-du-Québec, Quebec, Canada

### Etymology 2

From prince +‎ -ville, named for the Hawaiian prince Albert Kamehameha. Cf. Kingsville, Queensville, Princeton, Princetown, and Princes Town.

#### Proper noun

Princeville
* A town in Kauai, Hawaii, United States

### Etymology 3

From the surname Prince +‎ -ville.

#### Proper noun

Princeville
* A village in Peoria County, Illinois, United States, named after early settler Daniel Prince.
* A town in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, United States, named after founder Turner Prince.

## French
### Etymology

* (Québec): Prince +‎ -ville, named after Pierre Prince, one of the first pioneer colonizers of the area.
* (Hawaii): prince +‎ -ville. From English Princeville, named after Hawaiian Prince Albert Kamehameha

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʁins.vil/

### Proper noun

Princeville ?
* A city in L'Érable, Centre-du-Québec, Quebec, Canada
    Synonym: Ville de Princeville
* A town in Kauai, Hawaii, United States

#### Hyponyms

* (Québec): Paroisse de Princeville (historical), Village de Princeville (historical)
# жәрмеңке
## Kazakh
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ярмонка (jarmonka), a colloquial variant of ярмарка (jarmarka), from Polish jarmark, from German Jahrmarkt (“fair”).

### Noun

жәрмеңке • (järmeñke)
* fair (market)
# דיכאון
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /dikaˈ(ʔ)on/

### Noun

דיכאון / דִּכָּאוֹן • (dika'ón) m [pattern: קִטָּלוֹן]
* (psychology, usually uncountable) depression
    Synonym: דֶּפְּרֶסְיָה

#### Related terms

* דיכא / דִּכֵּא (diké)
* מדוכא / מְדֻכָּא (m'duká, “depressed”)

### References

* “דיכאון” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# कुत्रत्य
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কুত্ৰত্য (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬸᬢ᭄ᬭᬢ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
* কুত্রত্য (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰲𑰝𑰿𑰨𑰝𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* ကုတြတျ (Burmese script)
* કુત્રત્ય (Gujarati script)
* ਕੁਤ੍ਰਤ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍁𑌤𑍍𑌰𑌤𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦸꦠꦿꦠꦾ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂳𑂞𑂹𑂩𑂞𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಕುತ್ರತ್ಯ (Kannada script)
* កុត្រត្យ (Khmer script)
* ກຸຕ຺ຣຕ຺ຍ (Lao script)
* കുത്രത്യ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᡠᢠᡵᠠᢠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘳𑘝𑘿𑘨𑘝𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠤᢐᠷᠠᢐᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧔𑦽𑧠𑧈𑦽𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐸𑐟𑑂𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
* କୁତ୍ରତ୍ଯ (Odia script)
* ꢒꢸꢡ꣄ꢬꢡ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆶𑆠𑇀𑆫𑆠𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖲𑖝𑖿𑖨𑖝𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
* කුත්‍රත්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩒𑩫 𑪙𑩼𑩫 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚰𑚙𑚶𑚤𑚙𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
* குத்ரத்ய (Tamil script)
* కుత్రత్య (Telugu script)
* กุตฺรตฺย (Thai script)
* ཀུ་ཏྲ་ཏྱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒳𑒞𑓂𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨃𑨙𑩇𑨫𑨙𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From कुत्र (kutra, “where”, interrogative) +‎ -त्य (-tya).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kut.ɾɐt.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /kut̪.ɾɐt̪.jɐ/

### Adjective

कुत्रत्य • (kutratya) stem
* of, belonging to, coming from or relating to where (interrogative)
    Synonym: क्वत्य (kvatya)
    Coordinate terms: तत्रत्य (tatratya), यत्रत्य (yatratya), अत्रत्य (atratya), इहत्य (ihatya)
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 5.10.16:कस् त्वं निगूढश् चरसि द्विजानां बिभर्षि सूत्रं कतमो ऽवधूतः । कस्यासि कुत्रत्य इहापि कस्मात् क्षेमाय नश् चेद् असि नोत शुक्लः ॥kas tvaṃ nigūḍhaś carasi dvijānāṃ bibharṣi sūtraṃ katamo ʼvadhūtaḥ. kasyāsi kutratya ihāpi kasmāt kṣemāya naś ced asi nota śuklaḥ.Who are you, pure and secret, roaming around; you wear the thread of the twice-borns, which monk are you? Whose [disciple] are you; from where are you; for what purpose have you come here to us?

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “कुत्रत्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 290, column 2.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “कुत्रत्य”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 581
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “kutratya”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
# nitenu
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈniː.te.nu/

### Noun

nītenu
* nominative/accusative plural of nīten
# нёбо
## Russian
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic небо (nebo), from Proto-Slavic *nebo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos. Doublet of не́бо (nébo), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnʲɵbə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

нёбо • (njóbo) n inan (genitive нёба, nominative plural нёба, genitive plural нёб, relational adjective нёбный)
* palate
    мя́гкое нёбо ― mjáxkoje njóbo ― soft palate
    твёрдое нёбо ― tvjórdoje njóbo ― hard palate

#### Related terms

* нёбно-зубно́й (njóbno-zubnój)

### See also

* не́бо (nébo)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “нёбо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
# হিং
## Bengali
### Alternative forms

* হিঙ (hiṅ)

### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀼 (hiṃgu), from Sanskrit हिङ्गु (hiṅgu), originally a borrowing from Proto-Iranian *Hángwr̥ (“extract, resin”). Compare Assamese হিং (hiṅ), Odia ହିଙ୍ଗୁ (hiṅgu), ହଂଗ୍ (haṅg), as well as Hindi हींग (hīṅg), Nepali हिङ (hiṅ), Lepcha ᰝᰬᰵ (heng, “ginger”), and also Iranian Persian آنغوزه (ânğuze, “Ferula species”).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /hiŋ/, [hiŋ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /hiŋ/, [hiŋ]

### Noun

হিং • (hiṅ)
* asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida)
* hing, asafoetida

#### Declension
### References

* Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “him,_hiṅa”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]