# 역사
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹ks͈a̠]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [역싸]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 力士, from 力 (“strength”) + 士 (“man”).

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 역사(力士) (yeoksa) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 력사(力士) (ryeoksa) |
역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 力士)
* strongman (a person who possesses extraordinary physical strength, an exceptionally powerful man)
    Synonyms: 장군 (janggun), 장사 (jangsa), 항우장사 (hang'ujangsa)
    경기장에서 그는 뛰어난 역사로 명성을 얻었다.Gyeonggijang'eseo geuneun ttwieonan yeoksaro myeongseong'eul eodeotda.In the arena, he earned a reputation as an exceptional strongman.

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 役事, from 役 (“service”) + 事 (“affair”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 役事)
* (construction) construction project (a large-scale engineering or building work)
    Synonyms: 공사 (gongsa), 노동 (nodong), 일 (il)
    새로운 다리 건설은 대규모 역사 사업으로 진행되었다.Saeroun dari geonseoreun daegyumo yeoksa sa'eobeuro jinhaengdoeeotda.The construction of the new bridge was carried out as a major construction project.
* (Christianity) divine work (the work performed by god, or deeds attributed to divine intervention)
    Synonym: 일 (il)
    많은 기적들은 하나님의 역사로 여겨진다.Maneun gijeokdeureun hananimui yeoksaro yeogyeojinda.Many miracles are regarded as acts of divine work.

##### Derived terms

* 역사하다 (役事하다, yeoksahada, “to carry out construction project, to perform God’s work”)

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 歷史, from 歷 (“to pass through”) + 史 (“history”).

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 역사(歷史) (yeoksa) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 력사(歷史) (ryeoksa) |
역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 歷史)
* history (the process of transformation, rise, and decline of human society, or the record of such events)
    Synonyms: 발자취 (baljachwi), 사실 (sasil)
    인류 역사는 수많은 문명의 흥망성쇠를 보여준다.Illyu yeoksaneun sumaneun munmyeong'ui heungmangseongsoereul boyeojunda.Human history reveals the rise and fall of countless civilisation.
* history (the chronology or record of the existence and development of a particular object or fact)
    Synonyms: 궤적 (gwejeok), 내력 (naeryeok), 발자취 (baljachwi), 자취 (jachwi), 흐름 (heureum)
    이 유물은 오랜 역사를 지니고 있다.I yumureun oraen yeoksareul jinigo itda.This artefact has a long history.
* history (the traces or record of natural phenomena and the changes they have undergone over time)
    Synonyms: 발자취 (baljachwi), 자취 (jachwi)
    산의 암석은 수백만 년에 걸친 자연 역사를 담고 있다.Sanui amseogeun subaengman nyeone geolchin jayeon yeoksareul damgo itda.The mountain rocks contain the history of natural changes spanning millions of years.
* (history) history (the academic study of past events in human society)
    Synonyms: 사학 (sahak), 역사학 (yeoksahak)
    그녀는 역사를 전공하며 과거 사회를 연구하고 있다.Geunyeoneun yeoksareul jeon'gonghamyeo gwageo sahoereul yeon'guhago itda.She is majoring in history and studying past societies.
* (book) Histories (a historical work written around 425 BC by the Greek Herodotus, which narrates the history of the Persian Wars in a narrative style and is divided into nine books)
    헤로도토스의 역사는 페르시아 전쟁의 이야기를 흥미롭게 서술한다.Herodotoseuui yeoksaneun pereusia jeonjaeng'ui iyagireul heungmiropge seosulhanda.Herodotus’ Histories vividly recount the narrative of the Persian Wars.
* (book) History (a historical work written around 400 BC by the Greek Thucydides, chronicling the Peloponnesian War with a focus on political and military events based on a practical view of history)
    투키디데스의 역사는 필로폰네소스 전쟁의 정치와 군사에 초점을 맞춘다.Tukidideseuui yeoksaneun pilloponnesoseu jeonjaeng'ui jeongchiwa gunsa'e chojeomeul matchunda.Thucydides’ History focuses on the political and military aspecets of the Peloponnesian War.

##### Derived terms

* 역사적 (歷史的, yeoksajeok, “historical”)
* 역사의 한 페이지를 장식하다 (歷史의 한 페이지를 裝飾하다, yeoksaui han peijireul jangsikhada, “to grace the pages of history”)

### Etymology 4

| South Korean Standard Language | 역사(歷事/歷仕) (yeoksa) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 력사(歷事/歷仕) (ryeoksa) |
Sino-Korean word from 歷事, from 歷 (“to pass through”) + 事 (“affair”) and Sino-Korean word from 歷仕, from 歷 (“to pass through”) + 仕 (“to serve”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 歷事 and 歷仕)
* service under successive kings (the act of serving multiple kings in succession, typically referring to an official who maintains their service across several reigns)
    그는 여러 대의 임금을 내리 섬긴 역사로 널리 존경받았다.Geuneun yeoreo dae'ui imgeumeul naeri seomgin yeoksaro neolli jon'gyeongbadatda.He is widely respected for his service under successive monarchs.

##### Derived terms

* 역사하다 (歷事하다 and 歷仕하다, yeoksahada, “to serve successive monarchs”)

### Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 歷辭, from 歷 (“to traverse”) + 辭 (“words”).

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 역사(歷辭) (yeoksa) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 력사(歷辭) (ryeoksa) |
역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 歷辭)
* (history) yeoksa (a practice in the Joseon Dynasty whereby a newly appointed official was required to visit supervisory government offices—such as the Uijeongbu and the Jeonjo—within ten days of his appointment to pay his respects)
    Synonym: 참알 (chamal)
    조선 시대에, 새로 임명된 벼슬아치는 십 일 이내에 의정부와 전조 등에 인사를 다니는 역사를 행하였다.Joseon sidaee, saero immyeongdoen byeoseurachineun sip il inaee uijeongbuwa jeonjo deung'e insareul danineun yeoksareul haenghayeotda.In the Joseon Dynasty, newly appointed officials conducted an official greeting tour—known as yeoksa—by visiting bodies such as the Uijeongbu and the Jeonjo within ten days of their appointment.

##### Derived terms

* 역사하다 (歷辭하다, yeoksahada, “to conduct an official courtesy tour”)

### Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 繹史, from 繹 (“to unravel”) + 史 (“history”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 繹史)
* (book) Yìshǐ (A historical work compiled by Ma Su during the Qing dynasty)
    청나라 때 마숙이 지은 역사는 고대 사료들을 유형별로 모아 비평과 함께 엮어냈다.Cheongnara ttae masugi jieun yeoksaneun godae saryodeureul yuhyeongbyeollo moa bipyeonggwa hamkke yeokkeonaetda.The Yìshǐ compiled by Ma Su during the Qing dynasty gathers ancient records by category and includes critical commentary.

### Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from 譯史, from 譯 (“to translate”) + 史 (“history”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 譯史)
* (history) yeoksa (a minor or subordinate official belonging to the Jungseomunhaseong during the Goryeo Dynasty)
    고려 시대에, 중서문하성에 속한 역사들은 관료 조직의 하부를 담당하였다.Goryeo sidaee, jungseomunhaseong'e sokhan yeoksadeureun gwallyo jojigui habureul damdanghayeotda.In the Goryeo Dynasty, the yeoksa—minor officials within the Jungseomunhaseong—were responsible for the lower levels of the bureaucracy.

### Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from 譯使, from 譯 (“translation”) + 使 (“messenger”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 譯使)
* interpreter envoy (a diplomatic envoy assigned to perform interpretation duties during official missions)
    조선 시대에는 역사들이 외국 사절단과의 소통을 담당했다.Joseon sidaeeneun yeoksadeuri oeguk sajeoldan'gwaui sotong'eul damdanghaetda.During the Joseon Dynasty, interpreter envoys were responsible for facilitating communication with foreign delegations.

### Etymology 9

Sino-Korean word from 譯詞, from 譯 (“to translate”) + 詞 (“word”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 譯詞)
* translated lyrics (the process of translating the lyrics of foreign songs, or the resulting translated lyrics themselves)
    그는 외국 노래의 역사 작업으로 많은 팬들의 사랑을 받았다.Geuneun oeguk norae'ui yeoksa jageobeuro maneun paendeurui sarang'eul badatda.He is beloved by many fans for his work in translated lyrics of foreign songs.

### Etymology 10

Sino-Korean word from 轢死, from 轢 (“to run over”) + 死 (“to die”).

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 역사(轢死) (yeoksa) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 력사(轢死) (ryeoksa) |
역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 轢死)
* being run over (death resulting from being struck by a vehicle)
    그 사고는 자동차에 의한 역사 사례로 기록되었다.Geu sagoneun jadongcha'e uihan yeoksa saryero girokdoeeotda.The accident was documented as a case of being run over by a vehicle.

##### Derived terms

* 역사되다 (轢死되다, yeoksadoeda, “to be run over”)
* 역사하다 (轢死하다, yeoksahada, “to run someone over”)

### Etymology 11

Sino-Korean word from 驛舍, from 驛 (“post station”) + 舍 (“house”).

#### Noun

역사 • (yeoksa) (hanja 驛舍)
* station building (a building that serves as a station, providing lodging or facilities for travellers, messengers, or officials)
    Synonym: 관역 (gwanyeok)
    오래된 역사는 지금 문화재로 보존되고 있다.Oraedoen yeoksaneun jigeum munhwajaero bojondoego itda.The old station building is now preserved as a cultural heritage site.