# 葵

| 葵 | U+8475, &#33909; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8475 |
| ← 葴 [U+8474] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 葶 → [U+8476] |

## Translingual
### Han character

葵 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿弓人大 (TNOK), four-corner 4480$_4$ or 4443$_0$, composition ⿱艹癸)

#### Derived characters

* 𭢦, 𣿮, 𣋒, 𬄲, 𤢑, 𤩸, 𧬧, 𨆠, 𩦟, 𪆴(𬸮), 𫶙

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31458
* Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3258, character 14
* Unihan data for U+8475

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 睽 | *kʰʷiːl |
| 湀 | *kʰʷiːl, *kʷilʔ, *ɡʷilʔ, *kʰʷiːd |
| 聧 | *kʰʷiː |
| 藈 | *kʰʷiːl |
| 癸 | *kʷilʔ |
| 葵 | *ɡʷil |
| 鄈 | *ɡʷil |
| 楑 | *ɡʷil, *ɡʷilʔ |
| 戣 | *ɡʷril |
| 鍨 | *ɡʷril |
| 騤 | *ɡʷril, *kʷiːd |
| 揆 | *ɡʷilʔ |
| 猤 | *ɡʷils |
| 闋 | *kʰʷiːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷil): semantic 艹 (“grass, plant”) + phonetic 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ) – a kind of plant.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuí (kui$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khuì
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kui$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gì
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kûi / khûi / khêr / khê / khôe / kôe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kui$^5$ / guê$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gue
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuei$^2$
*** Yale: kwéi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
*** Palladius: куй (kuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwai$^4$
*** Yale: kwàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɐi̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khuì
*** Hakka Romanization System: kui$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯i¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰuɪ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kûi
*** Tâi-lô: kuî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kuii
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kui²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khûi
*** Tâi-lô: khuî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: quii
*** IPA (Longyan): /kʰui¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /kʰui²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khêr
*** Tâi-lô: khêr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰə²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khê
*** Tâi-lô: khê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qee
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰe²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khôe
*** Tâi-lô: khuê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qoee
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰue²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰue²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰue¹³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kôe
*** Tâi-lô: kuê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koee
*** IPA (Taipei): /kue²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²³/
* kûi/khûi - literary;
* khêr/khê/khôe/kôe - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: gjwij
Rime :
| Character | 葵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (16) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠隹切 |
| Baxter | gjwij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡʷi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡjuɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gwi/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡui/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡwi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gwi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kwai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɡʷij/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷil/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 葵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kuí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjwij › |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷij/ |
| English | mallow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葵 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4646 |
| Phonetic component | 癸 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葵 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷil/ |
| Notes | 原重渠追切依切三王韻改 |

### Definitions

葵
* name of several plants
** Short for 冬葵 (“Malva verticillata (syn. Malva crispa)”).
** Short for 蒲葵 (púkuí, “Livistona chinensis”).
** Short for 落葵 (luòkuí, “Basella alba”).
** Short for 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí, “sunflower”).
** Used in compounds.
* Alternative form of 揆 (kuí)
* (Hong Kong) Short for 葵涌 (Kuíchōng, “Kwai Chung”).
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 刺葵 (cìkuí)
* 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí)
* 天竺葵
* 憂葵 / 忧葵
* 扇葉蒲葵 / 扇叶蒲葵
* 拔葵
* 拔葵去織 / 拔葵去织
* 拔葵啖棗 / 拔葵啖枣
* 水葵
* 洛神葵 (luòshénkuí)
* 海葵 (hǎikuí)
* 秋葵 (qiūkuí)
* 茙葵
* 菟葵
* 葵傾 / 葵倾
* 葵扇 (kuíshàn)
* 葵花 (kuíhuā)
* 葵花子 (kuíhuāzǐ)
* 落葵 (luòkuí)
* 葵藿
* 蒲葵 (púkuí)
* 蒲葵扇
* 蔠葵 / 𰱛葵 (zhōngkuí)
* 蜀葵 (shǔkuí)
* 錦葵 / 锦葵 (jǐnkuí)
* 露葵
* 魯女憂葵 / 鲁女忧葵
* 鳧葵 / 凫葵 (fúkuí)
* 龍葵 / 龙葵 (lóngkuí)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎ (gi, 葵)
* Kan-on: き (ki, 葵)
* Kun: あおい (aoi, 葵)
* Nanori: まもる (mamoru, 葵)

#### Compounds

* 向日葵(ひまわり) (himawari)
* 蒲葵(びろう) (birō)
* 山葵(わさび) (wasabi): wasabi

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 葵
* き Jinmeiyō
* kan'on
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲi]

#### Noun

葵(き) • (ki)
* Synonym of 葵 (aoi): plant name
    紅(こう)蜀(しょっ)葵(き) ― kōsho'ki ― scarlet rosemallow

##### Derived terms

* 葵(き)藿(かく) (kikaku)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 葵
* あおい Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あおい [àóí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [a̠o̞i]

#### Noun

葵(あおい) • (aoi)
* For plant names:
** アオイ: Any plant in the genera Alcea or Hibiscus: hollyhock, hibiscus
** アオイ: Any plant in the Malvaceae family: mallow
** アオイ: Synonym of 冬葵 (fuyuaoi, “Chinese mallow, Malva verticillata”)
** アオイ: Synonym of 双葉葵 (futabaaoi, “Asarum caulescens”)
* (heraldry) A design of mon using the image of Asarum caulescens.
* A symbol for the Tokugawa shogunate.
* One of the colour schemes used in Japanese traditional garment, with the outer layer in light blue color and the inner layer in light purple color; it is used in the fourth month of the lunar calendar.
    Hypernym: 襲の色目 (kasane no irome)
* (women's speech) soba
    Synonym: 蕎麦 (soba)

##### Derived terms

* 葵豆(アオイマメ) (aoimame)
* 乙女葵(オトメアオイ) (otomeaoi)
* 寒葵(カンアオイ) (kan'aoi)
* 銭葵(ゼニアオイ) (zeniaoi)
* 立葵(タチアオイ) (tachiaoi)
* 双葉葵(フタバアオイ) (futabāoi)
* 冬葵(フユアオイ) (fuyuaoi)
* 水葵(ミズアオイ) (mizuaoi)
* 紅葉葵(モミジアオイ) (momijiaoi)

#### Proper noun

葵(あおい) • (Aoi)
* a surname
* a male or female given name
* Aoi (a ward and neighborhood of Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)
* Aoi (neighborhoods in Japan):
** The neighborhoods of Naka and Higashi, Nagoya and of Okazaki and Nishio; in Aichi Prefecture.
** A neighborhood of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture.
** A neighborhood of Izumisano, Osaka Prefecture.
** The neighborhoods of Kakegawa and Fukuroi, Shizuoka Prefecture.
** A neighborhood of Kurayoshi, Tottori Prefecture.
** A neighborhood of Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi Prefecture.
** A neighborhood of Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture.

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 葵
* まもる Jinmeiyō
* nanori
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ma̠mo̞ɾɯ̟]

#### Proper noun

葵(まもる) • (Mamoru)
* a male given name
    重(しげ)光(みつ)葵(まもる)
       Shigemitsu Mamoru
       Mamoru Shigemitsu, Japanese diplomat

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

葵 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

葵: Hán Nôm readings: quỳ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.