# 乞食
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qǐshí
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hat$^1$ sik$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiet-sṳ̍t / khié-sṳ̍t / khiat-sṳ̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): ké̤ṳk-siăh$^{→siĕh}$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khit-chia̍h / khit-chiā
    (Teochew, Peng'im): keg$^4$ ziah$^8$ / kêg$^4$ ziah$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): kieg$^4$ jia$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qǐshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǐshíh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^3$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: chǐ-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiishyr
*** Palladius: циши (ciši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hat$^1$ sik$^6$
*** Yale: hāt sihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hat$^7$ sik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hed$^1$ xig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐt̚⁵ sɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiet-sṳ̍t / khié-sṳ̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: kied$^ˋ$ siid / kie$^ˋ$ siid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiad$^5$ sid$^6$ / kie$^3$ sid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚² sɨt̚⁵/, /kʰi̯e³¹ sɨt̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiat-sṳ̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiad$^ˋ$ siid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiad$^5$ sid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚² sɨt̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ké̤ṳk-siăh$^{→siĕh}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ sieʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Lukang, Magong, Taichung, Tainan, Penang, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit-chia̍h
*** Tâi-lô: khit-tsia̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qitciah
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siaʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰit̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Penang): /kʰit̚³⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /kʰit̚³²⁻⁵⁴ t͡siaʔ⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Lukang): /kʰit̚⁵ t͡siaʔ³⁵/
** (Hokkien: Sanxia, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khit-chiā
*** Tâi-lô: khit-tsiā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qitcia
*** IPA (Yilan): /kʰit̚²⁻⁵ t͡sia³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: keg$^4$ ziah$^8$ / kêg$^4$ ziah$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khṳk tsia̍h / khek tsia̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɯk̚²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/, /kʰek̚²⁻⁴ t͡siaʔ⁴/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: kieg$^4$ jia$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiek̚⁵ t͡sia³³/

### Verb

乞⫽食 (verb-object) (intransitive)
* (literary or Cantonese) to beg for food

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 乞食 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 討飯, 要飯 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 要飯 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 要飯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 討米 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乞食 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 乞食 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 乞米 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 乞米 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 討飯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 討食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 乞食, 討食 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 討飯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 討食 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 討食 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 討食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 討食 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 討食 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 討米 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 討飯 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 討飯, 搝米 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 討飯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 討米 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 討米 |

#### Derived terms

* 乞食飯牛 / 乞食饭牛
* 忠忠直直，終需乞食 / 忠忠直直，终需乞食

### Noun

乞食
* (dialectal Hakka, Min) beggar

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 乞人, 乞丐, 乞兒, 丐者, 丐 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 乞丐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 要飯的, 要飯兒的, 老花子, 叫花子, 看街的, 抱火盆兒的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 乞丐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 要飯的, 要飯花子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 叫花子, 要飯花子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 乞丐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 花子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 要飯兒的, 叫花子, 要飯的, 花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 叫花子, 要飯吃的, 靠門傍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 要飯吃哩 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 要飯的, 尋饃的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 要飯哩 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 尋口, 要饃饃的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 要乜貼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 要飯的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 抄花子, 討吃, 要乜貼的, 要的吃的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 討吃, 薩衣爾, 薩衣, 要乜貼的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 討吃, 要飯的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 要飯的, 要要吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 要飯的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 叫花子, 討口子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 告花子, 花子, 討飯的, 要飯的, 乞丐, 討米的, 睡門樓的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 叫化子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 花子, 叫花子, 要飯的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 討飯佬, 叫化子, 叫化 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 叫花子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 要飯人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 叫花子, 討飯人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 花子, 要飯花子, 要飯的 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 花子, 要飯花子, 要飯的, 告花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 花子, 要飯的, 討飯的 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 告花子, 討飯子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 告殼子 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 化子 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 叫化子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 乞食佬 male, 乞食婆 female, 乞食仔 young |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 乞耳 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 乞食佬 male, 乞食婆 female, 乞食仔 young |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 架化佬 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 乞吃佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 狗化佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 叫化佬 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 乞吃 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 乞兒, 乞米佬 male, 乞米婆 female |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 male, 乞兒婆 female |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 覓吃佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 乞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 乞兒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 告化子, 討飯個 |
| Gan | Pengze | 討飯個 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 告化子, 乞兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 告化子, 花子, 討米個 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 告化仔, 討食個 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 告化哩 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Liuhuang) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 攞食, 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 攞食仔 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 乞食佬, 攞食 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 攞食伊, 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 酌食哩, 乞丐 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 告化哩, 酌食個, 絡食個 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 告化哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 絡食哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 絡食哩 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 攞食的, 攞食 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 告化佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 攞食哎 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 告化 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 叫化 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 討食佬 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 叫化 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 狗化公 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Changting | 告化子, 告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 討食告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 告化 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 教化 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 告化 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 告化 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 教化子 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 教化子 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 討飯佬 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 乞食仔, 乞食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) | 乞食仔, 討食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 打幫食, 乞食仔, 教化仔, 打幫仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 討食, 乞食 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 討食仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 討食仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 乞食, 仙人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 乞食仔, 乞食 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 攞食佬, 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 丐米佬 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 丐食 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 乞兒佬 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 乞食 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 討飯仂, 討飯佬 humorous, 討飯鬼 derogatory, 討飯骨 derogatory, 討飯婆 woman |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 討飯唉 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 丐食, 討飯個 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 丐食, 討飯仂 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 討飯漢 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 討飯個 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 討飯個, 討飯仂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 討吃吃, 討吃子, 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 叫花子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 討吃子, 要窩窩哩 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 要飯的 |
| Jin | Linhe | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Jining | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 乞丐 |
| Jin | Handan | 要飯哩 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 討飯 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 化食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 乞食, 分米的, 分食的, 乞食婆 female |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 乞食, 乞食仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 乞兒 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Fengshun (Liuhuang) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 乞達 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乞達 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 乞達 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 乞食 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 乞兒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 乞兒 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 救化子, 乞兒 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 告花子, 癟三 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 掛花子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 告花子, 癟三 |
| Wu | Danyang | 告花子, 告花嫚嫚 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 叫花子, 討飯子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 告花子, 討飯 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 丐兒, 討飯丐兒, 討飯人, 取米丐兒, 取米個 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 討飯, 討飯婆 woman |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 討飯老丐兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 告化子, 討飯的 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 告化子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 叫化子, 叫化 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 告化子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 告花子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 乞丐 |

#### Derived terms

* 乞食仔
* 乞食琴
* 乞食碗草
* 乞食趕廟公 / 乞食赶庙公
* 乞食頭 / 乞食头
* 死皇帝毋值得活乞食

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 乞 | 食 |
| こ Grade: S | じき Grade: 2 |
| yutōyomi ||
Shift from kotsujiki below.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こじき [kòjíkíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* IPA: [ko̞ʑikʲi]

#### Noun

乞(こ)食(じき) • (kojiki)
* (derogatory) beggar

##### Derived terms

* 乞(こ)食(じき)根(こん)性(じょう) (kojiki konjō)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)芝(しば)居(い) (kojiki shibai)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)袋(ぶくろ) (kojiki-bukuro)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)坊(ぼう)主(ず) (kojiki bōzu)
* 乞(こ)食(じ)く (kojiku)

##### Idioms

* 乞(こ)食(じき)が馬(うま)を貰(もら)う (kojiki ga uma o morau)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)が米(こめ)を零(こぼ)したよう (kojiki ga kome o koboshita yō)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)に氏(うじ)無(な)し (kojiki ni uji nashi)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)に朱(しゅ)椀(わん) (kojiki ni shuwan)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)に貧(びん)乏(ぼう)無(な)し (kojiki ni binbō nashi)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)にも門(かど)出(で) (kojiki ni mo kadode)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)の朝(あさ)謡(うたい) (kojiki no asautai)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)の系(けい)図(ず)話(ばなし) (kojiki no keizu banashi)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)の断(だん)食(じき) (kojiki no danjiki)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)の嫁(よめ)入(い)り (kojiki no yomeiri)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)も身(み)祝(いわ)い (kojiki mo mīwai)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)も三(みっ)日(か)すれば忘(わす)れられぬ (kojiki mo mikka sureba wasurerarenu)
* 乞(こ)食(じき)も身(み)づくろい (kojiki mo mizukuroi)
* 慌(あわ)てる乞(こ)食(じき)は貰(もら)いが少(すく)ない (awateru kojiki wa morai ga sukunai, “slow and steady wins the race”, literally “the impatient beggar receives little”).

#### Verb

乞(こ)食(じき)する • (kojiki suru) intransitive suru (stem 乞(こ)食(じき)し (kojiki shi), past 乞(こ)食(じき)した (kojiki shita))
* to go begging

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 乞食し | こじきし | kojiki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 乞食し | こじきし | kojiki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 乞食する | こじきする | kojiki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 乞食する | こじきする | kojiki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 乞食すれ | こじきすれ | kojiki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 乞食せよ¹ 乞食しろ² | こじきせよ¹ こじきしろ² | kojiki seyo¹ kojiki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 乞食される | こじきされる | kojiki sareru |
| Causative | 乞食させる 乞食さす | こじきさせる こじきさす | kojiki saseru kojiki sasu |
| Potential | 乞食できる | こじきできる | kojiki dekiru |
| Volitional | 乞食しよう | こじきしよう | kojiki shiyō |
| Negative | 乞食しない | こじきしない | kojiki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 乞食せず | こじきせず | kojiki sezu |
| Formal | 乞食します | こじきします | kojiki shimasu |
| Perfective | 乞食した | こじきした | kojiki shita |
| Conjunctive | 乞食して | こじきして | kojiki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 乞食すれば | こじきすれば | kojiki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 乞 | 食 |
| こつ Grade: S | じき Grade: 2 |
| kan'yōon | goon |

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こつじき [kòtsújíkí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞t͡sɨʑikʲi]

#### Noun

乞(こつ)食(じき) • (kotsujiki)
* (archaic) religious mendicancy
    Synonyms: 托鉢 (takuhatsu), 頭陀 (zuda), 行乞 (gyōkotsu)
* (archaic) Same as こじき above.

##### Derived terms

* 乞(こつ)食(じき)調(ちょう) (kotsujikichō)
* 乞(こつ)食(じき)法(ほう)師(し) (kotsujiki hōshi)
* 乞(こつ)食(じき)坊(ぼう)主(ず) (kotsujiki bōzu)

#### Verb

乞(こつ)食(じき)する • (kotsujiki suru) intransitive suru (stem 乞(こつ)食(じき)し (kotsujiki shi), past 乞(こつ)食(じき)した (kotsujiki shita))
* (archaic) to beg as a religious mendicant
    Synonym: 托鉢する (takuhatsu suru)

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 乞食し | こつじきし | kotsujiki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 乞食し | こつじきし | kotsujiki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 乞食する | こつじきする | kotsujiki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 乞食する | こつじきする | kotsujiki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 乞食すれ | こつじきすれ | kotsujiki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 乞食せよ¹ 乞食しろ² | こつじきせよ¹ こつじきしろ² | kotsujiki seyo¹ kotsujiki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 乞食される | こつじきされる | kotsujiki sareru |
| Causative | 乞食させる 乞食さす | こつじきさせる こつじきさす | kotsujiki saseru kotsujiki sasu |
| Potential | 乞食できる | こつじきできる | kotsujiki dekiru |
| Volitional | 乞食しよう | こつじきしよう | kotsujiki shiyō |
| Negative | 乞食しない | こつじきしない | kotsujiki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 乞食せず | こつじきせず | kotsujiki sezu |
| Formal | 乞食します | こつじきします | kotsujiki shimasu |
| Perfective | 乞食した | こつじきした | kotsujiki shita |
| Conjunctive | 乞食して | こつじきして | kotsujiki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 乞食すれば | こつじきすれば | kotsujiki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 乞 | 食 |
| かたい ||
| Grade: S | Grade: 2 |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 乞食 – see the following entry. :
| 【乞丐かたい】 | [noun] beggar [noun] (derogatory) idiot, fool [noun] (archaic) leprosy [noun] (archaic) leper Alternative spelling 傍居 |
(This term, 乞食, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 3 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 乞 | 食 |

### Noun

乞食 • (geolsik) (hangeul 걸식)
* hanja form of 걸식