# rideo
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* rīdō (Late Latin)

### Etymology

Uncertain origin. Roberts assigns Proto-Indo-European *wert- in the sense of turning the mouth to smile; de Vaan finds no credible Indo-European origin and rejects connections to Sanskrit व्रीडते (vrīḍate, “to be shy, bashful”).
Matasović connects this with Proto-Germanic *wrītaną (“to scratch”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈriː.de.oː/, [ˈriːd̪eoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈri.de.o/, [ˈriːd̪eo]

### Verb

rīdeō (present infinitive rīdēre, perfect active rīsī, supine rīsum); second conjugation
* (intransitive) to laugh
    Synonym: cachinnō
    Antonym: fleō
* (transitive) to laugh at, ridicule, mock
    Synonyms: lūdificō, ēlūdō, trādūcō
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.356:rīdet amātōrem Lȳdā puella suum.The Lydian girl laughs at her [would-be] lover.
** 161 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Eunuchus 3.497:GNATHŌ: Hahahae. THRASŌ: Quid rīdēs?GNATHO: Hahaha! THRASO: What are you laughing at?

#### Derived terms

* arrīdeō
* corrīdeō
* dērīdeō
* irrīdeō
* rīdibundus
* rīdiculus
* rīsibilis
* rīsiloquium
* rīsiō
* rīsitō
* rīsor
* rīsus
* subrīdeō, surrīdeō

#### Descendants

Reflexes of the Late Latin variant rīdĕre:
* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: arãd, arãdu, ared
** Megleno-Romanian: rǫd
** Romanian: râde, rîde — old spelling
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: ridere, arriere, riere
* Dalmatian:
** redro
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: rida
** Italian: ridere
*** → Esperanto: ridi
** Sicilian: rìdiri, arrìdiri
* North Italian:
** Gallo-Italic:
*** Ligurian: rîe
*** Piedmontese: rije, rìe
** Friulian: ridi
** Istriot: reidi
** Ladino: reir
** Romansch: rir, reir (Surmiran), rier (Vallader)
** Venetan: rìdar, rìder
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: riure
** Franco-Provençal: rire
** Old French: rire, ridre (archaic)
*** Middle French: rire
**** French: rire
*** Norman: rithe
*** Walloon: rire
** Gascon: ríser, arríser, ríder, arríder
** Old Occitan: rire, ridre
*** Occitan: rire
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: redir; riure (Ribagorçan)
Reflexes of an assumed variant *rīdīre:
* Aragonese: redir, reyir, arreguir
* Asturian: rir
* Leonese: rire, reyire, riyire
* Old Galician-Portuguese: riir
** Galician: rir
** Portuguese: rir
* Spanish: reír

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2024) “The etymology of Latin rīdeō and a new PIE root”, in Glotta, volume 100, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 327–331
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “rīdēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 10: R, page 399
* ↑ Williams, Edwin B. 1962. From Latin to Portuguese: Historical phonology and morphology of the Portuguese language. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Page 232.

### Further reading

* “rideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “rideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* rideo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, volume II, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 522

## Spanish
### Verb

rideo
* first-person singular present indicative of ridear