# رصاص
## Arabic
### Etymology

From رَصَّ (raṣṣa, “to stick firmly, to join compactly, to make even or level, to file, to pile, to close”). Apparently extended its meaning in a semantic loan from Parthian *arčīč cognate to Middle Armenian արճիճ (arčič, “lead”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.sˤaːsˤ/

### Noun

رَصَاص • (raṣāṣ) m (collective, singulative رَصَاصَة f (raṣāṣa))
* lead
    Synonyms: رَصَاص أَسْوَد (raṣāṣ ʔaswad), أُسْرُب (ʔusrub), آنُك (ʔānuk), أَبَار (ʔabār)
    Alternative form: رَزَاز (razāz)
* (obsolete) tin
    Synonyms: رَصَاص أَبْيَض (raṣāṣ ʔabyaḍ), رَصَاص قَلَعِيّ (raṣāṣ qalaʕiyy), قَصْدِير (qaṣdīr)
    Alternative form: رَزَاز (razāz)
** a. 1283, Abū Yahyā Zakariyāʾ ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات [ʿajāʾib al-maḵlūqāt wa-ḡarāʾib al-mawjūdāt]‎, Göttingen: Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, published 1849, page 208:الأسرب يتولد كالرصاص وهو صنف ردئٌ منهLead comes about like tin but is a worse kind thereof.
* bullets, shots, dots
    Synonyms: گُلَل (gulal), بُنْدُق (bunduq)
* (obsolete) stones heaped together to surround a grave or well
    Alternative form: رَصْرَاص (raṣrāṣ)

#### Descendants

* → Acholi: ràcáàc
* → Alur: risasi
* → Middle Armenian: ռիսաս (ṙisas)
* → Bari: rasas
* → Bende: iisaáse
* → Dinka: rasas
* → Lingala: masási
* → Lotuko: arryas
* → Luba-Katanga: disashi
* → Luo: racac
* → Matengo: lisâsi
* → Rukiga: rusasi
* → Rwanda-Rundi: isâsu
* → Sango: lichasi
* → Swahili: risasi
** → Digo: risasi
** → Jita: ri-saási
** → Kikuyu: rĩthathi
** → Luganda: `ssasì
** → Nyakyusa: ilísasí
** → Nyankole: iːsási, amasási, kisási
* → Zande: lisasi

### References

* Asbaghi, Asya (1988) Persische Lehnwörter im Arabischen‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 136
* Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 121–122 Nr. 1083
* Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 209b
* Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 537
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 152
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “رصاص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 154a
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “رصاص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1092
* Siddiqi, Abdussattar (1919) Studien über die Persischen Fremdwörter im klassischen Arabisch (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 38–39
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رصاص”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 416
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “رصاص”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 396

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَصَاص (raṣāṣ).

### Noun

رصاص • (rṣāṣ) m (collective, singulative رصاصة f (rṣāṣe), paucal رصاصات (rṣāṣāt))
* (uncountable) lead
* (uncountable) bullets