# 客囝
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ka$^5$ gyo$^3$ / ka$^5$ gyaⁿ$^3$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): kêh$^4$ gian$^2$
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ka$^5$ gyo$^3$ [Phonetic: ka$^1$ yo$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kā-giô̤ⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰa²¹⁻⁵⁵ $^{(k-)}$yɒ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ka$^5$ gyaⁿ$^3$ [Phonetic: ka$^1$ iaⁿ$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰa²¹⁻⁵⁵ $^{(k-)}$ĩã³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kêh$^4$ gian$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kheh kiáⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰeʔ²⁻⁴ kĩã⁵²⁻²¹/

### Noun

客囝
* (Teochew) person of Hakka descent
* (Puxian Min) non-local; stranger; outsider; out-of-towner

#### Synonyms

* (person of Hakka descent):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 客家人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 客家人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 客家人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 客家人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 客家人, 客家, 麻介人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 客家人, 客家佬, 𠊎子佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 客家人 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 客家 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 客家人 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 客家人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 客家人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 客家人 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 客人 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 客人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 客家儂 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 客仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 客家儂 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 客儂 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 客儂, 客仔 derogatory, 客婆𠊎 humorous, 客仔鬼 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 客儂 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 𠊎子佬 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 客家人 |
* (non-local):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 外地人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 外路塊 derogatory |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 外處人, 外地人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 外鄉人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 外鄉佬 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 外江佬 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 外鄉人, 外江佬 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 別地人, 外處人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 外位人, 外位仔人, 外面人, 外江人 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 外面人 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 外江人 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 外位人, 外位仔人, 外江人 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 外地人, 外江佬 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 外地人, 客人, 客人哥 male, 客婆 female, 客邊 joking, 客囝, 南兄 male, 南婆 female, 客鬼 derogatory |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 外地人, 客人, 客人哥 male, 客婆 female, 客邊 joking, 客囝, 南兄 male, 南婆 female, 客鬼 derogatory |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 外頭人 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 外頭人 |
| Wu | Danyang | 外頭人 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 外頭人 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 外鄉人 |

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “客囝”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 309.