OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# -eu
## Middle Welsh
### Etymology

From Old Welsh -ou, from Proto-Brythonic *-ow, *-owes, from Proto-Celtic *-ewes (u-stem nominative plural). Cognate with Cornish -ow and Breton -où.

### Suffix

-eu
* Forms plural nouns., -s

#### Descendants

* Welsh: -au

### References

* ↑ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 331

## Norman
### Suffix

-eu
* Alternative form of -eux

#### Derived terms
## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Latin -eus. Cognate with Spanish -eo, English -eous.

#### Suffix

-eu (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -eia, masculine plural -eus, feminine plural -eias)
* a suffix for people used for some nationalities, philosophical visions, etc., e.g. ateu (“atheist”), egeu (“Aegean”), europeu (“European”), judeu (“Jewish”)

##### Usage notes

* The feminine equivalent is normally -eia, but occasionally is -ia (notably in judeu (“Jewish”)/judia, sandeu (“daft, silly”)/sandia).

##### Related terms

* -euta

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

-eu m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eus)
* a noun-forming suffix of low productivity, corresponding especially to English learned words in -ee: apogeu (“apogee”), espondeu (“spondee”), jubileu (“jubilee”)
# BSD
## Translingual
### Symbol

BSD
* (international standards) ISO 4217 currency code for the Bahamian dollar.

### Anagrams

* SBD

## English
### Proper noun

BSD
* (computing) Initialism of Berkeley Software Distribution..
    Hyponym: FreeBSD
* (copyright law) Ellipsis of BSD license.

#### Derived terms

* BSD license
* FreeBSD

### Noun

BSD (plural BSDs)
* (slang) Initialism of big swinging dick.

### Anagrams

* BDS, BDs, DBS, DBs, SBD, bds, sbd, sbd.

## Indonesian
### Proper noun

BSD
* Initialism of Bumi Serpong Damai.

#### Derived terms

* BSD City
# Calymmian
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κάλυμμα (kálumma, “covering”).

### Adjective

Calymmian (not comparable)
* (geology) Denoting a geologic period within the Mesoproterozoic era from about 1600 to 1400 million years ago.

### Proper noun

the Calymmian
* (geology) The Calymmian period.

### See also

* Appendix:Geologic timescale
# Chocolate City
## English
### Etymology

From chocolate +‎ city, in reference to the large African American population. Popularized in the 1970s and by the 1975 funk album Chocolate City by Parliament.

### Proper noun

Chocolate City
* (US, informal, Washington, D.C.) A nickname for Washington, D.C.
* (US, informal) A nickname for a city with a predominantly African American population.

#### Usage notes

Now somewhat dated due to demographic shifts. Genuine use peaked during 1960s–1970s white flight era; newer journalistic references often mention the term's decline in relevance.

### See also

* black mecca
* the District

### References

* ↑ https://www.bkmag.com/2016/10/06/washington-d-c-chocolate-city-parliament/#:~:text=And%20the%20demographic,out%20to%20Parliament.
* ↑ https://www.dcpolicycenter.org/publications/goodbye-to-chocolate-city/
# Chruščëv
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* Kruscev, Khruscëv, Khruščëv, Khruscjov, Krusciov

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian Хрущёв (Xruščóv).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kruʃˈʃɔf/, /kruʃˈʃɔv/, (careful style) /xruʃˈʃɔf/
* Rhymes: -ɔf, -ɔv
* Hyphenation: Chru‧ščëv
* Sometimes, the first syllable may be erroneously stressed, yielding IPA: /ˈkruʃ.ʃɔv/

### Proper noun

Chruščëv m
* A transliteration of the Russian surname Хрущёв (Xruščóv)

#### Related terms

* kruscioviano

### References

* ↑ Khruscëv in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
# Dreipass
## German
### Alternative forms

* Dreipaß (superseded)

### Etymology

From drei (“three”) +‎ Pass (“gothic pass”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdʁaɪ̯ˌpas]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Drei‧pass

### Noun

Dreipass m (strong, genitive Dreipasses, plural Dreipässe)
* (architecture) trefoil, threefoil (an architectural ornament consisting of three arches)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Hypernyms

* Kleeblattform

#### Hyponyms

* überschneidender Dreipass
* geschlossener Dreipass
* offener Dreipass
* Dreipassbogen

#### Holonyms

* Maßwerk

### Further reading

* “Dreipass” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Dreipass” in Duden online
# Fabiana
## Translingual
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Fabiana f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Solanaceae – false heaths.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, eudicots, core eudicots, asterids, euasterids I – clades; Solanales – order; Solanaceae – family; Petunioideae - subfamily

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Fabiana imbricata - type species

### References

* Fabiana (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Fabiana at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Fabiana on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Fabiana on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

## Italian
### Proper noun

Fabiana f
* a female given name, masculine equivalent Fabiano

#### Related terms

* Fabiola

## Latin
### Pronunciation 1

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /fa.biˈaː.na/, [fäbiˈäːnä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /fa.biˈa.na/, [fäbiˈäːnä]

#### Adjective

Fabiāna
* inflection of Fabiānus:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

### Pronunciation 2

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /fa.biˈaː.naː/, [fäbiˈäːnäː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /fa.biˈa.na/, [fäbiˈäːnä]

#### Adjective

Fabiānā
* ablative feminine singular of Fabiānus

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /fa.biˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [fa.bɪˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /faˈbjɐ̃.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /fa.biˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [fa.bɪˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /faˈbjɐ̃.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /fa.biˈɐ.na/ [fa.bɪˈɐ.na], (faster pronunciation) /faˈbjɐ.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɐˈbjɐ.nɐ/ [fɐˈβjɐ.nɐ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɐˈbjɐ.nɐ/ [fɐˈβjɐ.nɐ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /fɐˈbja.nɐ/ [fɐˈβja.nɐ]

### Proper noun

Fabiana f
* a female given name, masculine equivalent Fabiano

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faˈbjana/ [faˈβ̞ja.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: Fa‧bia‧na

### Proper noun

Fabiana f
* a female given name, masculine equivalent Fabián
# Finland Swedish
## English
### Etymology 1

Calque of Swedish finlandssvenska

#### Noun

Finland Swedish (uncountable)
* the Swedish language as spoken by the Swedish-speaking population in Finland

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Calque of Swedish finlandssvensk

#### Adjective

Finland Swedish (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to native Swedish-speakers living in Finland
    The Finland Swedish population is concentrated on the coasts.
* Of or pertaining to the Swedish spoken natively in Finland
    There are many Finland Swedish dialects

### Further reading

* Finland Swedish on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Dutch billy
## English
### Etymology

Apparently a transferred use of Dutch Billy, a nickname for William III (applied to the houses on account of their Dutch appearance).

### Noun

Dutch billy (plural Dutch billies)
* A kind of terraced house with distinctive curved gables, formerly common in Dublin and other Irish towns.
** 1889, Thomas Drew, “Unhealthiness of Dublin Barracks”, in The Builder‎, volume 56, number 2398, page 54:They were ready to be superseded on their sites at the end of the seventeeth century by what we call the "Dutch Billy" houses.
** 2011, Frank McDonald, “Dutch Billy 18th century houses at risk”, in The Irish Times‎:The term Dutch Billy refers to gable-fronted houses built in the late 17th and early 18th centuries – not just in Dublin, but also Cork, Drogheda, Limerick and Waterford – by waves of Huguenot and Quaker immigrants as well as tradesmen from Britain.
** 2014, David Dickson, Dublin: The Making of a Capital City‎, Harvard University Press, page 86:With the adoption of brick earlier in the century, "Dutch billies" became the common house-type, with gable-fronted facades, cruciform roof ridges, shallow windows without sashes, tight stairwells, small halls and floor-to-ceiling panelling, more elaborate houses displaying curved or stepped front gables.

#### Related terms

* Dutch gable

### References

* ↑ Elgy Gillespie, editor (1974), The Liberties of Dublin‎, E. & T. O'Brien, page 64
# ëmbëlsirë
## Albanian
### Noun

ëmbëlsirë f
* sweet, confection

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “ëmbëlsirë”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “ëmbëlsirë”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# Bothild
## Old English
### Etymology

By surface analysis, bōt (“help, benefit”) +‎ hild (“battle, war”); compare Faroese Bóthild.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈboːt.xild/, [ˈboːt.hiɫd]

### Proper noun

Bōthild f
* a female given name

### References

* Elizabeth Okasha (2011) Women's Names in Old English, London, England: Routledge, page 26
# kalatas
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kalaˈtas/ [kɐ.lɐˈt̪as]
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: ka‧la‧tas

### Etymology 1

Possibly from the following:
* Early borrowing from Spanish cartas, plural of carta (“letter, missive, chart”), from Latin charta. The Spanish etymology was provided by the Vocabulario de la lengua tagala of Noceda & Sanlucar, Vocabulario de lengua tagala of San Buenaventura, and by the Commission on the Filipino Language.
* From Classical Malay کرتس (kertas, “paper”), from Arabic قِرْطَاس (qirṭās), from Aramaic קַרְטֵיסָא / ܩܪܛܝܣܐ (qarṭīsā). However, according to Potet (2013), paper was little known by 15th century in the Malay archipelago.
Both routes come from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs), possibly derived from Phoenician 𐤇𐤓𐤈𐤉𐤕 (ḥrṭyt). Compare Maguindanao kalëtas / kaltas / karatas (“paper”), Maranao karatas (“paper”), Tausug kātas (“paper”), Brunei Malay keratas, and Malay kertas. Doublet of karta, tsart, and kard.

#### Noun

kalatás (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜆᜐ᜔) (archaic)
* paper
    Synonym: papel
* letter (written message)
    Synonyms: sulat, liham

##### Alternative forms

* calatas, caltas — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
* kaltas — obsolete

### Etymology 2

From katas +‎ *-al-.

#### Noun

kalatás (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜆᜐ᜔) (dialectal, Quezon)
* lemon juice (the liquid extract of lemon fruit)
    Synonym: (Quezon) diga

##### See also

* limon
* limonada

### Further reading

* “kalatas”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “kalatas”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* English, Leo James (1987) Tagalog-English dictionary, Manila, Philippines: National Book Store, →ISBN, page 277
* Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles (overall work in Tagalog and English), Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 226
* Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 432.
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier, page 78
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila, page 463: “Papel) Calatas (pc) C. anſi le ſolian llamar .|. caltas. pero y ale llaman todos papel.”
* Zorc, David Paul (1981) Core Etymological Dictionary of Filipino: Part 2, page 68
* Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 317
* Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013) Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 204
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 118
* Manuel, E. Arsenio (1971) A Lexicographic Study of Tayabas Tagalog of Quezon Province, Quezon City: Diliman Review, page 180

### Anagrams

* salakat
# çapua
## Albanian
### Noun

çapua m
* spur (appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot on poultry)
* (by extension) claw-shaped object

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “çapua”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “çapua”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# çaponj
## Albanian
### Noun

çaponj
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of çapua
# הקיא
## Hebrew
### Etymology

Likely based on an onomatopoeia for retching, with parallel developments in other Afroasiatic languages, if not inherited from Proto-Afroasiatic, encountered in Ge'ez ቄአ (ḳeʾä), present ይቂእ (yəḳiʾ, “to vomit”), Tigre ቀኣ (ḳäʾa, “to vomit”), Arabic قَاءَ (qāʔa), and similarly in Egyptian qꜣꜥ, qjs (“to vomit”), qꜣ, qꜣꜣ (“to be putrid; to vomit”). Compare קָא (qa, “to vomit, to retch”), in the pa'ál/kál binyan.

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /(h)eˈki/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

הֵקִיא • (hekí) (hif'il construction, passive counterpart הוּקָא)
* to vomit
* (Biblical Hebrew, figuratively) to expel, drive out
** Tanach, Leviticus 18:25, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:וַתִּטְמָא הָאָרֶץ וָאֶפְקֹד עֲוֺנָהּ עָלֶיהָ וַתָּקִא הָאָרֶץ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֶיהָ׃And the land was defiled, therefore I did visit the iniquity thereof upon it, and the land vomited out her inhabitants.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Pronounced הֵקֵאתֶם and הֵקֵאתֶן in informal Modern Hebrew. $^2$ Rare in Modern Hebrew.

##### Usage notes

The metaphorical sense only occurs in connection with the Holy Land.

#### Related terms

* קָא
* הוּקָא

### References

* H6958 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Klein, Ernest (1987) “קיא”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 576b
* Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 1323a
# tillgått
## Swedish
### Verb

tillgått
* supine of tillgå
# ağdacıyı
## Turkish
### Noun

ağdacıyı
* definite accusative singular of ağdacı
# pemasaan
## Malay
### Etymology

Affixation of masa +‎ peng- -an.

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [pə.ma.sə.ʔan]
** Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* (Baku) IPA: [pə.ma.sa.ʔan]
** Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* Hyphenation: pe‧ma‧sa‧an

### Noun

pemasaan (Jawi spelling ڤماساءن, informal 1st possessive pemasaanku, 2nd possessive pemasaanmu, 3rd possessive pemasaannya)
* The process of timing something.

### Further reading

* “pemasaan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# open season
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

open season (countable and uncountable, plural open seasons)
* (hunting, sometimes followed by on or for to designate the kind of animal hunted) A period of time during the calendar year when authorities within a jurisdiction permit the unrestricted hunting of one or more kinds of animal wildlife.
** 1912, Jack London, chapter 1, in The Scarlet Plague (fiction):"But there weren't many crabs in those days," the old man wandered on. "They were fished out, and they were great delicacies. The open season was only a month long, too."
* (figurative, often followed by on or for) A situation in which someone is endangered, blamed, harassed, or opposed in a sustained manner by a number of others; a situation in which something is endangered or otherwise opposed.
** 1919, William MacLeod Raine, “Prologue”, in A Man Four-Square (fiction):In the country of the Clantons there was always an open season on any one of his name.
** 1964 March 20, “Patents: Knocking Down the Pole”, in Time‎, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 April 2016:The court thus overruled all the states' protective laws, except against outright fraud, and declared open season on any products not protected by patents.
** 2009, Tawny Weber, Coming on Strong (fiction), →ISBN, page 37:The paparazzi and gossip hounds have declared open season on celebrities.
** 2025 February 19, Christian Wolmar, “Reeves talks of 'growth' but pays lip service to the railway”, in RAIL, number 1029, page 35:On aviation, the Chancellor seemed to suggest it was open season for expanding airports across the UK, irrespective of the fact that flying is a major source of CO² in the atmosphere.
* (idiomatic, often followed by on or for) A situation or period in which some activity is routinely carried on.
** 1921, Peter B. Kyne, chapter 15, in The Pride of Palomar (fiction), page 155:"My dear Miss Parker, this is the open season on terrible practical jokes."
** 1959 October 26, “Music: Curtains Up!”, in Time‎, →OCLC, archived from the original on 4 August 2014:The open season on culture in Manhattan used to begin with the first stroke of a Metropolitan Opera baton.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “hunting”): close season, closed season

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “open season”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* open season on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# exhilaro
## Latin
### Etymology

From ex- +‎ hilarō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ekˈsi.la.roː/, [ɛkˈs̠ɪɫ̪äroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ekˈsi.la.ro/, [eɡˈziːläro]

### Verb

exhilarō (present infinitive exhilarāre, perfect active exhilarāvī, supine exhilarātum); first conjugation
* to gladden, cheer
* to rejoice, delight, exhilarate
    Synonyms: dēlectō, iuvō, gaudeō, congrātulor, permulceō, grātulor, exsultō, fruor
    Antonym: displiceō
* to revive, rekindle
    Synonyms: reparō, reficiō, revocō

#### Descendants

* English: exhilarate
* Italian: esilarare

### References

* “exhilaro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* exhilaro in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
* exhilaro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# brushtull
## Albanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɾuʃtuɫ/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *brustula, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrust- (compare Old Saxon brustian (“to sprout”), Russian брость (brostʹ, “buds (of a shrub)”), from the root *bʰrews- (“to swell, grow”). Topalli has argued for a borrowing from Serbo-Croatian bljušt, although this seems unlikely on phonetic grounds. Compare also Romanian brusture (“heather”).

#### Alternative forms

* brushtullë, bruzhdull

#### Noun

brushtull f (plural brushtulla, definite brushtulla, definite plural brushtullat)
* (botany) ivy (Hedera helix)

##### Synonyms

* urth

#### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “brushtull”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 38
* ↑ Topalli, K. (2017) “brushtull”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe, Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 256

### Etymology 2

From Venetan brustola; cf. Greek μπρούστουλα (broústoula).

#### Noun

brushtull m (plural brushtuj, definite brushtulli, definite plural brushtujt)
* heavily beaten sweet pastry made with wheat flour and butter
* turnover made of cornflour and filled with vegetables
# acquascivolamento
## Italian
### Etymology

Blend of acqua +‎ scivolamento.

### Noun

acquascivolamento m (plural acquascivolamenti)
* (rare) aquaplaning
# قبول
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qa.buːl/, /qu.buːl/

### Noun

قَبُول or قُبُول • (qabūl or qubūl) m
* verbal noun of قَبِلَ (qabila) (form I)
* acceptance
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:37:فَتَقَبَّلَهَا رَبُّهَا بِقَبُولٍ حَسَنٍ وَأَنبَتَهَا نَبَاتًا حَسَنًا وَكَفَّلَهَا زَكَرِيَّاfa-taqabbala-hā rabbu-hā bi-qabūlin ḥasanin wa-ʔanbata-hā nabātan ḥasanan wa-kaffala-hā zakariyyā(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* south wind, east wind
* beauty

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qəbul
* → Georgian: ყაბული (q̇abuli)
* → Middle Armenian: ղապուլ (ġapul)
** Armenian: ղաբուլ (ġabul), ղապուլ (ġapul), խապուլ (xapul), կա̈բո̈ւլ (käbül)
* → Ottoman Turkish: قبول (kabul)
** Turkish: kabul
** → Romanian: cabulă
* → Persian: قبول (qabul)
** → Bengali: কবুল (kobul)
** → Gujarati: કબૂલ (kabūl)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: क़बूल (qabūl)
    Urdu: قبول (qubūl)
** → Marathi: कबूल (kabūl)
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਬੂਲ (kabūl)
    Shahmukhi script: قَبول (qabol)
* → Uyghur: قوبۇل (qobul)
* → Uzbek: qabul

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قبول”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic قُبُول (qubūl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡu.buːl/, [ɡʊ.buːl]

### Noun

قبول • (gubūl) m
* acceptance
* approval

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَبُول (qabūl, “acceptance, assent, consent”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qa.ˈβuːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qä.búːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qä.búːl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qä.búːl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qä.búl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qæ.búːl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qä.búl]

### Noun

قبول • (qabul)
* acceptance
    Synonym: پذیرش (pazireš)
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume V, verse 3062:در یکی تره چو این عذر ای فضول می‌نیاید پیش بقالی قبولdar yaki torre čo in 'ozr ey fozul mi-nay-âyad piš-e baqqâl-i qabulSince this excuse, O trifler, is not accepted [even] by a greengrocer in the case of [stealing] a single vegetable.

#### Derived terms

* قبول داشتن (qabul dâštan)
* قبول شدن (qabul šodan)
* قبول کردن (qabul kardan)

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: কবুল (kobul)
* → Gujarati: કબૂલ (kabūl)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: क़बूल (qabūl)
    Urdu: قبول (qubūl)
* → Marathi: कबूल (kabūl)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਬੂਲ (kabūl)
    Shahmukhi script: قَبول (qabol)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قُبُول (qubūl).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /qʊ.buːl/
* Rhymes: -uːl

### Noun

قُبُول • (qubūl) m (Hindi spelling क़बूल)
* acceptance, assent
    Synonym: تسلیم (taslīm)
* compliance

#### Related terms

* قبول کرنا (qubūl karna)

#### References

* “قبول”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “قبول”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.