# 出山
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūshān
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄕㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ saan$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-san
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūshān
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄕㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chushan
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-shan$^1$
*** Yale: chū-shān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chushan
*** Palladius: чушань (čušanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ saan$^1$
*** Yale: chēut sāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ saan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ san$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ saːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-san
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-san
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutsafn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ san⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ san³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ san⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ san⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ san⁴⁴/

#### Verb

出山
* to leave the mountain area
* to come out of retirement and take up a post; to take on a government post

#### See also

* 收山 (shōushān)

### Pronunciation 2

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ saan$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhut-sân
    (Hailu, HRS): chud san$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): coh$^6$ sua$^1$ / cuoh$^6$ suaⁿ$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-soaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cug$^4$ suan$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ saan$^1$
*** Yale: chēut sāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ saan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ san$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ saːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-sân
*** Hakka Romanization System: cud$^ˋ$ san$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cud$^5$ san$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² san²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chud san$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² san⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: coh$^6$ sua$^1$ [Phonetic: coh$^7$ sua$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheoh-suaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ ɬua⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cuoh$^6$ suaⁿ$^1$ [Phonetic: cuoh$^7$ suaⁿ$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuoʔ²⁻²⁴ ɬũã⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Tainan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-soaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-suann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutsvoaf
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ suã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ suã³³/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵⁴ suã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡sʰut̚⁵ suã³³/
*** IPA (Yilan): /t͡sʰut̚²⁻⁵ suã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ suã⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cug$^4$ suan$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuk suaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ sũã³³/

#### Verb

出山
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) to hold a funeral procession
* (Hakka) to serve out one's apprenticeship

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 出殯, 出喪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 出殯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 出殯 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 發喪, 出殯 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 出殯 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 出殯 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 出喪 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 出殯, 出靈 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 發喪 up to the gate, 出喪 up to the gate |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 出喪 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 出靈, 出喪, 上山 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 出葬, 出喪, 出山 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 送材, 發引, 出殯, 出棺材 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 出田 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 出山 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 出殯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 出用, 出殯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 出殯 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 迎葬, 出葬 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 出柩, 發靷 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 出柩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 出山, 還山, 出門 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 出山, 還山, 出門 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 出山, 還山, 出門 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 出山 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 出山, 還山, 出門 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 出山 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 出喪 up to the gate |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 發引, 出殯 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 發引 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 出葬, 迎白龍 euphemistic |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 出喪 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 出山, 出葬 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 出山, 出葬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 出山, 出葬, 出喪 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 出山 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 出山, 送山頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 出山, 送山頭 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 出山, 送山頭 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 出山, 出葬 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 出山, 出殯 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 出山 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 出葬, 出山 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 出山 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 出山, 出葬, 出壽, 上山 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 出山, 出葬, 出壽, 上山 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 出材, 出山 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 出喪, 出棺材 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 出材 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 出棺材, 出喪 |
| Wu | Danyang | 出葬 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 出喪 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 出喪 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 出喪, 發喪 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 出死, 出喪, 出殯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 出葬, 出柩 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 出門 |
* (to serve out one's apprenticeship): 出師／出师 (chūshī), 滿師／满师 (mǎnshī), 出道 (chūdào), 出徒 (chūtú)

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “出山”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “出山”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* “Entry #51”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “出山”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 111.