# due
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English dewe, dew, due, from Old French deü (“due”), past participle of devoir (“to owe”), from Latin dēbēre (“to owe”), from dē- (“from”) +‎ habeō (“I have”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) enPR: dyo͞o, jo͞o, IPA: /djuː/, (yod-coalescence) /dʒuː/
* (US) enPR: do͞o, IPA: /du/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General Australian, New Zealand) enPR: jo͞o, IPA: /dʒʉː/
* (Canada) IPA: (traditional) /dju/, /dɪu̯/; (more recent, yod-dropping) /du/
* Rhymes: -uː
* Homophones: dew; do, doo, doux, Doubs (yod-dropping); Jew, jew (yod-coalescence)

### Adjective

due (comparative more due, superlative most due)
* Owed or owing.
    Synonyms: needed, owing, to be made, required
    He is due four weeks of back pay.
    The amount due is just three quid.
    The due bills total nearly seven thousand dollars.
    He can wait for the amount due him.
* Appropriate.
    With all due respect, you're wrong about that.
** 1750 June 12 (date written; published 1751), T[homas] Gray, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, in Designs by Mr. R[ichard] Bentley, for Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley, […], published 1753, →OCLC:With dirges due, in sad array, / Slow through the churchway path we saw him borne.
* Scheduled; expected.
    Synonyms: expected, forecast
    Rain is due this afternoon.
    The train is due in five minutes.
    When is your baby due?
** 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42:As he passed though the station, he slowed to yell to the signalman, Frank 'Sailor' Bridges: "Sailor - have you anything between here and Fordham? Where's the mail?" Gimbert knew the mail train was due, and he didn't want to endanger another train with his burning bomb wagon.
* Having reached the expected, scheduled, or natural time.
    Synonym: expected
    The baby is just about due.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:The huge square box, parquet-floored and high-ceilinged, had been arranged to display a suite of bedroom furniture designed and made in the halcyon days of the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when modish taste was just due to go clean out of fashion for the best part of the next hundred years.
* Owing; ascribable, as to a cause.
    The dangerously low water table is due to rapidly growing pumping.
** 1852, James David Forbes, “Dissertation on the Progress of Mathematical and Physical Science”, in Encyclopædia Britannica:the milky aspect be due to a confusion of small stars
** 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 2, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:Mother […] considered that the exclusiveness of Peter's circle was due not to its distinction, but to the fact that it was an inner Babylon of prodigality and whoredom, from which every Kensingtonian held aloof, except on the conventional tip-and-run excursions in pursuit of shopping, tea and theatres.
* On a direct bearing, especially for the four points of the compass
    The town is 5 miles due North of the bridge.

#### Derived terms

* credit where credit's due
* due and payable
* duebill
* due care and attention
* due course
* due date
* due diligence
* dueful
* dueness
* due process
* due process of law
* due to
* duly
* fall due
* give credit where credit is due
* in due course
* in due time
* make due
* overdue
* postage due
* postage-due stamp
* postage due stamp
* tax due
* taxes due
* underdue
* undue
* with all due respect
* with due respect

#### Translations
### Adverb

due (comparative more due, superlative most due)
* (used with compass directions) Directly; exactly.
    The river runs due north for about a mile.

#### Translations
### Noun

due (plural dues)
* Deserved acknowledgment.
    Give him his due – he is a good actor.
** 1952 January, Henry Maxwell, “Farewell to the "T14s"”, in Railway Magazine, page 57:Yes, the tide will surely turn, and meanwhile may one who is proud to call himself a partisan, invite whomever may feel disposed to bid the "T14s" adieux, to pause before giving them valediction and accord to them the respect that is assuredly their due.
** 2015 January 31, Daniel Taylor, “David Silva seizes point for Manchester City as Chelsea are checked”, in The Guardian (London)‎:Chelsea, to give them their due, did start to cut out the defensive lapses as the game went on but they needed to because their opponents were throwing everything at them in those stages and, if anything, seemed encouraged by the message that Mourinho’s Rémy-Cahill switch sent out.
* (in the plural) A membership fee.
* That which is owed; debt; that which belongs or may be claimed as a right; whatever custom, law, or morality requires to be done, duty.
** c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:He will give the devil his due.
** 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “The Lotos-Eaters”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, stanza 8, page 184:Chanted from an ill-used race of men that cleave the soil, / Sow the seed, and reap the harvest with enduring toil, / Storing yearly little dues of wheat, and wine and oil; […]
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXXVII, page 57:For I am but an earthly Muse, ⁠And owning but a little art ⁠To lull with song an aching heart, And render human love his dues; […]
* Right; just title or claim.
** 1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:The key of this infernal pit by due […] I keep.

#### Hyponyms

* light due

#### Derived terms

* give someone his due
* give the devil his due

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “due”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “due”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “due”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* Deu., edu

## Bakumpai
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha.

### Numeral

due
* two

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Danish dufæ, from Old Norse dúfa, from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ, cognate with Norwegian due, Swedish duva, Dutch duif, German Taube, English dove.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /duːə/, [ˈd̥uːu]
* Homophone: duge

### Noun

due c (singular definite duen, plural indefinite duer)
* pigeon, dove (Columbidae)
* term of endearment for women

#### Derived terms

* brevdue
* dueblå
* duefalk
* duehøg
* dueløb
* Dueodde
* dueslag
* dueurt
* fredsdue
* kropdue
* lerdue
* lokkedue
* ringdue
* skovdue
* turteldue
* tyrkerdue

### Further reading

* “due” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From du +‎ -e.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdue]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ue
* Hyphenation: du‧e

### Adverb

due
* secondly

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dy/
* Audio:(file)

### Participle

due f sg
* feminine singular of dû

### Further reading

* “due”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Ido
### Etymology

From du (“two”) +‎ -e.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu̯e/

### Adverb

due
* both
    Synonym: ambe (neologism)

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* dui (archaic, literary)
* duo m or f (archaic, literary)

### Etymology

From Latin duae, feminine plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu.e/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ue
* Hyphenation: dù‧e

### Numeral

due (invariable)
* two

### Noun

due m (invariable)
* two

#### Derived terms

* due punti
* due ruote
* duecentesco
* duecento
* Duecento
* duemila
* duetto

#### Descendants

* → Norwegian Bokmål: due

### See also

Playing cards in Italian · carte da gioco (layout · text) :
| asso | due | tre | quattro | cinque | sei | sette |
| otto | nove | dieci | fante | donna, regina | re | jolly, joker, matta |

## Middle English
### Adjective

due
* Alternative form of dewe (“due”)

### Noun

due
* Alternative form of dewe (“due”)

## Musi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu.e/

### Numeral

due
* Alternative form of dué (“two”)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse dúfa (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ (“dove, pigeon”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“hazy, unclear, dark; deep”). Cognate with Danish due, Swedish duva, Icelandic dúfa, Dutch duif, German Taube, English dove. The sense “politician favouring conciliation” is a semantic loan from English dove.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdʉːə/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ʉːə
* Hyphenation: du‧e

#### Noun

due f or m (definite singular dua or duen, indefinite plural duer, definite plural duene)
* (zoology) a dove or pigeon; culver (one of several birds of the family Columbidae, which consists of more than 300 species)
** (Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Matt 10,16:vær kloke som slanger og troskyldige som duerbe wise as serpents and faithful as doves
** 1949, Johan Borgen, Jenny og påfuglen, page 34:enkelte av disse blide duer var tilmed så foretaksomme at de ikke nøyde seg med å legge brev og aviser fra seg på det store bordet i hålensome of these cheerful pigeons were even so enterprising that they did not content themselves with leaving letters and newspapers on the big table in the hole
** 1874, Henrik Ibsen, Peer Gynt, page 161:falk og due, due og falkfalcon and dove, dove and falcon
    leke hauk og dueplay hawk and dove; a game in which one participant tries to catch the other
** (humorous, in the plural) a couple that is very much in love
*** 1885, Henrik Ibsen, Brand, page 89:hej, øves leg af kælne duer på disse ørkenbrune tuer!hey, practice playing with cuddly pigeons on these desert brown tufts!
    Synonym: turteldue
** (poetic) a dove (term of endearment for a woman one holds dearly)
*** (Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Song of Songs 5,2:lukk opp for mig, min søster, min elskede, min due, min fullkomneopen up to me, my sister, my beloved, my dove, my perfect
** (figuratively) a symbol of peace and reconciliation
    fredens due ― dove of peace
    Synonym: fredsdue
** (politics) a dove (a person favouring conciliation and negotiation rather than conflict)
*** 1968, Pax, page 11:den selvsamme «hauk» som tapte for den republikanske «duen» Hatfield ved senatsvalgetthe very "hawk" who lost to the Republican "dove" Hatfield in the Senate election
*** 1971, Dagbladet, page 12:senator Edward M. Kennedy – en av «duene» i amerikansk politikk når det gjelder Vietnam-krigenSenator Edward M. Kennedy - one of the "doves" of American politics in the Vietnam War
** (Christianity) a symbol of the Holy Spirit
*** (Can we date this quote?), The Bible, Matt 3,16:[Jesus] så Guds ånd komme ned over seg som en due[Jesus] saw the Spirit of God coming down upon him like a dove
*** 1885, Henrik Ibsen, Brand, page 219:Guds klarheds due sidder skjult; ve, aldrig over mig den dalteThe dove of God's clarity sits hidden; woe, never upon me it fell
* (sports) a clay pigeon (a flying target used as moving target in sport shooting)
    Synonym: leirdue

##### Derived terms

* brevdue
* bydue
* dronningdue
* dueblå
* duefamilie
* duefugl
* duehold
* duelus
* duemelk
* duerase
* dueskyting
* dueslag
* dueslekt
* duestegg
* duetrost
* duetårn
* dueutstilling
* fredsdue
* hanndue
* hauk og due
* hunndue
* klippedue
* krondue
* kroppdue
* leirdue
* lokkedue
* maoridue
* ringdue
* skaudue
* skogdue
* snødue
* steindue
* tamdue
* turteldue
* tyrkerdue
* vandredue

### Etymology 2

From the pronoun du (“you”), from Old Norse þú (“you”), from Proto-Germanic *þū (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

#### Verb

due (passive dues, imperative du, present tense duer, simple past and past participle duet, present participle duende, verbal noun duing)
* (colloquial, transitive) to say du (you) to someone
    Synonyms: dutte, duse
** 1910, Nini Roll Anker, Per Haukeberg, page 206:det var vel rimelig du maatte due en slik karit was probably reasonable you had to say you to such a guy

### Etymology 3

Misspelling, or a dialectal form, of duge (“to help; be useful”), from Old Norse duga (“to help, aid; do, suffice”), from Proto-Germanic *duganą (“to be useful, avail”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰówgʰe (“to be productive”), from the root *dʰewgʰ- (“to produce; be strong, have force”).

#### Verb

due
* Misspelling of duge.

### Etymology 4

From Italian due (“two”), from Latin duae, feminine plural of duo (“two”), from Proto-Italic *duō (“two”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈduːə/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uːə
* Hyphenation: du‧e

#### Adverb

due
* Only used in a due (“indicating two musicians or sections play together”)

### References

* “due” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “due_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “due_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “due_3” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “duer” in Store norske leksikon

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse dúfa, from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ. Compare Danish due, Swedish duva, Icelandic dúfa, Dutch duif, German Taube, English dove.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²dʉːə/

### Noun

due f (definite singular dua, indefinite plural duer, definite plural duene)
* A bird of the family Columbidae, the pigeons and doves.

#### Derived terms

* brevdue
* bydue
* dronningdue
* dueblå
* duefamilie
* duefugl
* duehald
* duelus
* duemjølk
* duerase
* dueskyting
* dueslag
* dueslekt
* duestegg
* duetrast
* duetårn
* dueutstilling
* fredsdue
* hanndue
* hauk og due
* hodue
* klippedue
* krondue
* kroppdue
* leirdue
* lokkedue
* maoridue
* ringdue
* skogdue
* snødue
* steindue
* tamdue
* turteldue
* tyrkardue
* vandredue

### References

* “due” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Etymology

Common contraction of du (“you (sing.)”) and e, colloquial pronunciation spelling of är (“are”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Contraction

due
* (nonstandard, text messaging, Internet slang) ur, you're, you are
    due fett fin asså ― ur really good-looking y'know
    ja venne om due på ― I dunno if ur in