# influenza
## English
### Etymology

From Italian influenza (“influence”), from Latin influentia. Doublet of influence.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɪn.fluˈɛn.zə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnzə

### Noun

influenza (countable and uncountable, plural influenzas or influenze)
* (pathology) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.
** 2020 April 8, Dr David Turner, “How railway staff were conduits and victims of a pandemic”, in Rail, page 32:In early 1919 the Board also issued a film, Dr Wise on Influenza, in which a character called 'Brown' spreads the disease by enacting poor behaviours. This did address transport - by boarding a crowded omnibus, "Brown may be scattering germs throughout the carriage and giving influenza to a number of people".

#### Synonyms

* flu
* grippe, grip

#### Derived terms

* affluenza
* Asian influenza
* avian influenza
* Hong Kong influenza
* influenzal
* influenzalike
* influenzavirus
* Mexican influenza
* parainfluenza
* Spanish influenza
* superinfluenza
* swine influenza

#### Related terms

* affluence
* affluent
* circumfluence
* circumfluent
* circumfluous
* confluence
* confluent
* conflux
* defluent
* defluxion
* diffluence
* diffluent
* difluence
* difluent
* effluent
* flu
* fluctuance
* fluctuant
* fluctuate
* fluctuation
* fluctuous
* fluency
* fluent
* fluid
* fluidity
* flume
* flumen
* fluor
* fluorian
* fluoric
* fluoride
* fluorinate
* fluorination
* fluorine
* fluorite
* fluvial
* fluviality
* flux
* fluxion
* influence
* influent
* influx
* mellifluous
* profluence
* profluent
* refluence
* refluency
* refluent
* superfluous
* transfluence
* transfluent

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা (inphluẏenja)
* → Korean: 인플루엔자 (inpeulluenja)
* → Zulu: imfuluwenza

#### Translations
## Danish
### Etymology

From Italian influenza, from Latin influentia.

### Noun

influenza c (singular definite influenzaen, plural indefinite influenzaer)
* (pathology) influenza, flu

#### Derived terms

* aviær influenza
* fugleinfluenza
* influenzaepidemi
* influenzasymptom
* influenzavirus
* svineinfluenza

### References

* “influenza” in Den Danske Ordbog

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

influenza m or f (plural influenzas)
* (obsolete) influenza
    Synonym: grippe

#### Descendants

* → Persian: آنفولانزا (ânfulânzâ)

### Further reading

* “influenza”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Italian influenza, from Latin influentia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈiɱfluɛnzɒ]
* Hyphenation: inf‧lu‧en‧za
* Rhymes: -zɒ

### Noun

influenza (plural influenzák)
* (pathology) flu, influenza

#### Derived terms

* influenzás
* influenzajárvány
* influenzaoltás
* influenzavírus
* madárinfluenza
* sertésinfluenza

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* influenza in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /in.fluˈɛn.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -ɛntsa
* Hyphenation: in‧flu‧èn‧za

### Etymology 1

From Latin īnfluentia.

#### Noun

influenza f (plural influenze)
* influence
    Synonym: influsso
* influenza, flu

##### Derived terms

* influenza aviaria
* influenzale
* influenzare

##### Related terms

* influente

##### Descendants

* → English: influenza
** → Bengali: ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা (inphluẏenja)
** → Korean: 인플루엔자 (inpeulluenja)
** → Zulu: imfuluwenza
* → German: Influenza
* → Hungarian: influenza
* → Spanish: influenza
* → Swedish: influensa

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

influenza
* inflection of influenzare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* influenza in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian influenza, from Latin īnfluentia. Doublet of influencia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /influˈenθa/ [ĩɱ.fluˈẽn̟.θa]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /influˈensa/ [ĩɱ.fluˈẽn.sa]
* Rhymes: -enθa
* Rhymes: -ensa
* Syllabification: in‧flu‧en‧za

### Noun

influenza f (plural influenzas)
* influenza
    Synonym: gripe

### Further reading

* “influenza”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10