# میوه
## Chagatai
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian میوه (mēwa).

### Noun

میوه (mewä) (plural ميوهلار)
* fruit

#### Descendants

* Uyghur: مېۋە (mëwe)
* Uzbek: meva

## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian میوه (mēwa)

### Noun

مَیْوَه or مِیوَه (meyvä or mēvä)
* fruit

#### Descendants

** Azerbaijani: meyvə
** Gagauz: meyva, meva
** Ottoman Turkish: میوه (meyve, meyva), մէյվէ (meyve) — Armeno-Turkish
*** Turkish: meyve, (dialectal) meyva
*** → Crimean Tatar: meyva
*** → Serbo-Croatian: mȉva / ми̏ва

### Further reading

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “meyve”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* “meyva”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977, pages 317, 172
* Boeschoten, Hendrik (2022) “mēva”, in A Dictionary of Early Middle Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.169), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 193

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* մէյվէ (meyve) — Armeno-Turkish

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish میوه (meyvä, mēvä), from Classical Persian میوَه (mēwa, “fruit”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭩𐭥𐭪 (mēwag, “fruit”).

### Noun

میوه • (meyve or meyva) (definite accusative میوه‌یی (meyveyi, meyvayı), plural میوه‌لر (meyveler, meyvalar))
* (botany) fruit, the seed-bearing part of a plant, often edible
    Synonyms: ثمر (semer), یمش (yemiş)
    میوه آغاجندن اوزاق دوشمز ― meyve ağacdan uzak düşmez ― the fruit doesn't fall far from the tree

#### Derived terms

* آصی میوه (ası meyve, “precocious fruit”)
* اولمش میوه (olmuş meyve, “ripen fruit”)
* كورپه میوه (körpe meyve, “late fruit”)
* میوه آغاجی (meyve ağacı, “fruit tree”)
* میوهٔ دل (meyve-i dil, “one's beloved child”)
* میوه‌جی (meyveci, “fruiterer”)
* میوه‌خانه (meyvehâne, “hothouse”)
* میوه‌خوش (meyvehoş, “nuts”)
* میوه‌دار (meyvedâr, “fructiferous”)
* میوه‌سز (meyvesiz, “fruitless”)
* میوه‌لك (meyvelik, “fruit orchard”)
* میوه‌لو (meyveli, “fructiferous”)
* وقت میوه‌سی (vakt meyvesi, “seasonal fruit”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: meyve, (dialectal) meyva
* → Crimean Tatar: meyva
* → Serbo-Croatian: mȉva / ми̏ва

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “میوه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 808
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “meyve”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3188
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “میوه”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 472b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “میوه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1258
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Fructus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 619
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “میوه”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5080
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “meyve”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “میوه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2057

## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭩𐭥𐭪 (mēwag, “fruit”), and within Iranian, related to Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫖𐫏𐫇 (myw /⁠mēw⁠/), Baluchi نیوَگ (nēwag, “fruit”), and Parthian 𐫖𐫏𐫃𐫅 (mygd /⁠miɣẟ⁠/) (whence Old Armenian միրգ (mirg)) and 𐫖𐫏𐫃𐫅𐫃 (mygdg /⁠miɣẟag⁠/, “fruit”).
The term is traditionally derived from Proto-Iranian *madvī- and further from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“honey, wine, mead”). However, Henning rejects this derivation, instead deriving the proto-form as *migda- and taking it as borrowed from Proto-Semitic *m-g-d- (“fruit”).
* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Which Semitic root is *mgd exactly, and what are its descendants?”

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [meː.ˈwa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [meː.wǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [meː.wǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [meː.wǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [meː.wǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [miː.vé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [me.vǽ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

میوه • (mive or mêwa) (plural میوه‌جات (mive-jât) or میوه‌ها (mive-hâ))
* fruit
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3878:ز آن نداری میوه‌‌ای مانند بید کآبرو بردی پی نان سپیدza ān na-dārī mēwa-ē mānand-i bēd k-ābirū burdi pay-i nān-i sapēdLike the willow, thou hast no fruit, because thou hast lost thine honour for the sake of white bread.

#### Derived terms

* آب میوه (âb-e mive)
* میوه‌فروش (mive-forôš)
* میوه‌فروشی (mive-forôši)
* میوهٔ‌ جاپانی (mêwa'i jâpânî) (Dari)

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: মেৱা (mewa)
* → Chagatai: میوه
** Uyghur: مېۋە (mëwe)
** Uzbek: meva
* → Gujarati: મેવો (mevo)
* → Gulf Arabic: ميوة (mēwa)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मेवा (mevā)
    Urdu: میوَہ (meva)
* → Kazakh: мәуе (mäue)
* → Old Anatolian Turkish: میوه (meyvä, mēvä)Azerbaijani: meyvəGagauz: meyva, mevaOttoman Turkish: میوه (meyve, meyva), մէյվէ (meyve) — Armeno-TurkishTurkish: meyve, (dialectal) meyva→ Crimean Tatar: meyva→ Serbo-Croatian: mȉva / ми̏ва

### See also

* ثمر (samar)
* بار (bâr)

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 119