# ceo
## English
### Noun

ceo (countable and uncountable, plural ceos)
* (aviation) Alternative letter-case form of CEO

### Anagrams

* COE, CoE, Coe, ECO, EOC, eco, eco-

## Asturian
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin citō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθeo/ [ˈθe.o]
* Rhymes: -eo
* Syllabification: ce‧o

### Adverb

ceo
* early
    Synonym: pronto
* soon
    Synonym: llueu

## Galician
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ceo (“sky; heaven”), 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria; from Latin caelum (“sky”). Cognate with Portuguese céu and Spanish cielo.

#### Alternative forms

* ceio

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθɛo/ [ˈθɛ.ʊ]
* IPA: (standard) /ˈθɛo/ [ˈθɛ.ʊ]
* IPA: (seseo) /ˈsɛo/ [ˈsɛ.ʊ]
* Rhymes: -ɛo
* Hyphenation: ce‧o

#### Noun

ceo m (plural ceos)
* sky
    Synonym: firmamento
* heaven
** 1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 294:
    Maria virgen que he auogada dos pecadores et acorremento dos cuitados complida de todas uirtudes et de todas santidades sobrelas outras criaturas que deus quis facer enno ceo et enna terraMary the Virgin, advocate of the sinners and aid of the afflicted, complete of every virtue and of every saintliness over all the other creature that God wanted to make in Heaven as well as in Earth
* ceiling
** 1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 295:
    mando esta mia cama assy como iaz con sous panos et con suas cortinas et ceoI bequeath this my bed, as it is, with its clothes and with its curtains and ceiling
    Synonym: teito

##### Derived terms

* ceo da boca (“roof of the mouth”)

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “ceo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ceo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ceo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ceo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ceo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ceo
* first-person singular present indicative of cear

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish céo, from Proto-Celtic *kiwos (“fog”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (“gray”), see also Sanskrit श्याव (śyāva), Persian سیاه (siyâh, “black”), Russian сивый (sivyj, “grey”), Lithuanian šývas (“light grey”), Old English hīew (modern English hue).
Celtic relatives include Manx kay and Scottish Gaelic ceò. Also compare English sky.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /coː/
* (Ulster) IPA: /cɔː/

### Noun

ceo m (genitive singular ceo or ciach or ceoigh, nominative plural ceonna or ceocha)
* fog, mist
* haze
* vapour
* (in questions and negative sentences) nothing, anything
    Níl tú ag insint ceo den fhírinne dhom.You aren’t telling me a word of the truth.

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ceo
ceonna
vocative
a cheo
a cheonna
genitive
ceo
ceonna
dative
ceo
ceonna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ceo
na ceonna
genitive
an cheo
na gceonna
dative
leis an gceo don cheo
leis na ceonna :
Archaic or dialectal forms:
bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ceo
ceocha
vocative
a cheo
a cheocha
genitive
ciach
ceo
dative
ciaigh
ceocha ceochaibh (archaic, dialectal)
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ceo
na ceocha
genitive
an chiach
na gceo
dative
leis an gciaigh don chiaigh
leis na ceocha leis na ceochaibh (archaic, dialectal) :
* Alternative genitive singular: ceoigh
* Alternative dative plural forms: ceochaibh, ceonnaibh

#### Derived terms

* ceo bruithne
* toitcheo (“smog”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ceó”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “kiw-o”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 205
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 44, page 23
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 175
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 418, page 136

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ceo”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “ceo”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 133

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* ċīo
* ċēa — normalised

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kahwu, probably ultimately imitative.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃe͜oː/

### Noun

ċēo f
* a chough, a bird of the genus Corvus; a jay; crow; jackdaw

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* ceahhe

#### Descendants

* Middle English: ka, co, cheo, choȝe, choughe, chowe, chow
** Scots: ka, kae, kea, keaw
** English: coe, chough

### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Ceo”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

## Old French
### Pronoun

ceo
* Alternative form of ço

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin caelum (“sky”). Cognate with Old Spanish cielo, Old Occitan cel and Old French ciel.

### Pronunciation

* (Galicia) IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.o/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.ʊ/

### Noun

ceo m (plural ceos)
* sky
** a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 154 (facsimile):
    Como un tafur tirou con hũa baeſta hũa seeta cõtra o ceo con ſanna p̈ q̇ pdera. p̃ q̃ cuidaua q̇ firia a deos o.ſ.M̃.
       How a gambler shot, with a crossbow, a bolt at the sky, wrathful because he had lost. Because he wanted it to wound God or Holy Mary.
* (religion) heaven
** a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 426 (facsimile):
    Subiu ao ceo. o fillo / de deꝯ. por dar paray.ſaos amigo$^s$ ſeꝯ
       Ascended to heaven, the son of God. For giving paradise to his friends.

#### Descendants

* Fala: ceu
* Galician: ceo
* Portuguese: céu (see there for further descendants)

## Portuguese
### Noun

ceo m (plural ceos)
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of céu.
** 1938, Graciliano Ramos, “Mudança [A New Home]”, in Vidas Seccas [Barren Lives], Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José Olympio Editora, page 13:Tocou o braço da mulher, apontou o ceo, ficaram os dois algum tempo aguentando a claridade do sol.He touched his wife’s arm, pointed at the sky, and the two stayed for some time putting up with the sun’s brightness.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* cȉo, cijȇl (Ijekavian)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cělъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *káilas.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sêo/

### Adjective

cȅo (Cyrillic spelling це̏о, definite cȇlī)
* whole
    Celo je vreme tamo ležala. ― She lay there the whole time.
** 1993, Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics and music), “Ovo je Balkan”, in Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics), Muzika na struju‎, performed by Bajaga i Instruktori, Produkcija Stig:Ovo je ovde Balkan, Mirisni cvet, Totalno nerazumljiv za ceo svet. I svako može biti Dušman i brat Svakih pedeset leta izbija rat.This here is the Balkans A scented flower Completely incomprehensible for the whole world And anyone can be Enemy and brother Every fifty years erupts the war
* entire, complete

#### Declension
## Venetan
### Adjective

ceo (feminine singular cea, masculine plural cei, feminine plural cee)
* small
* minute

#### Synonyms

* picenin