# panne
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French panne. Doublet of pen, penna, and pinna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pæn/
* Rhymes: -æn
* Homophone: pan

### Noun

panne (countable and uncountable, plural pannes)
* A lustrous finish applied to velvet and satin.
* A fabric resembling velvet, but having the nap flat and less close.
* (ecology) A wetland consisting of a small depression, with or without standing water, often in a salt marsh or other coastal wetland.

### Anagrams

* Penn'a, penna, Penna

## Afrikaans
### Noun

panne
* plural of pan

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French panne.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑnə/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: pannen (usually)

### Noun

panne m or f (plural pannes)
* breakdown, technical failure, particularly of a vehicle
    Synonym: pech

## Estonian
### Noun

panne
* partitive plural of pann

## Finnish
### Verb

panne
* present potential connegative of panna

### Anagrams

* panen

## French
### Etymology

From Middle French panne, from Old French penne (“fur, especially for lining garments”), from Latin pinna (“feather”). The semantic trajectory was possibly influenced by a Frankish term with the same double-sense as Middle High German vëder (“fur; feather”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pan/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: pannes, paonne, paonnes

### Noun

panne f (plural pannes)
* plush velvet
* breakdown (state of no longer functioning)
* purlin

#### Derived terms

* dépanner
* en panne
* panne sèche

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: pana
* → German: Panne
** → Polish: pana
* → Italian: panne
* → Portuguese: pane

### References

* “panne”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan.ne/
* Rhymes: -anne
* Hyphenation: pàn‧ne

### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

panne f
* plural of panna

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French panne.

#### Noun

panne f (invariable)
* breakdown (of a car etc.)

##### Derived terms

* in panne

### Further reading

* panne in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* panne in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa

### Anagrams

* penna

## Latin
### Noun

panne
* vocative singular of pannus

## Makasar
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Dutch panne.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpanːe/, [ˈpʰan.nɛ̃]

### Noun

panne (Lontara spelling ᨄᨊᨙ)
* plate (flat dish)

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch *panna, from Latin panna, contraction of patina.

### Noun

panne f
* pan
* firepan
* roof tile

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: pan
** Afrikaans: pan
** Jersey Dutch: pān
** Negerhollands: pan
** → Caribbean Javanese: pan
** → Indonesian: panci (from the diminutive)
** → Javanese: ꦥꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (panci), ꦮꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (wanci) (from the diminutive)
** → Munsee: pán
** → Papiamentu: panchi, pannetsji, pannetsje (from the diminutive)
** → Sranan Tongo: pan
*** → Saramaccan: pánu
* Limburgish: pan

### Further reading

* “panne”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “panne (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English panne, from Proto-West Germanic *pannā, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ, from Late Latin panna.

#### Alternative forms

* pan, pane
* ponne (West Midlands)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan(ə)/, (West Midlands) /ˈpɔn(ə)/

#### Noun

panne (plural pannes)
* A pan, skillet, tin, or cookpot; any metal container used for cooking in.
* The head, especially its top and its contents.
* The harnpan or brainpan (skull)

##### Derived terms

* brayn panne
* herne panne
* pancake

##### Descendants

* English: pan
** →? Irish: panna
** → Japanese: パン
* Scots: pan

##### References

* “panne, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-03.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old French panne, from Late Latin panna.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan(ə)/

#### Noun

panne (plural pannes)
* A plank or board used to reinforce a wall.

##### References

* “panne, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-03.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

panne
* Alternative form of pane (“fabric, fur, portion”)

## Norman
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

panne f (plural pannes)
* (Jersey) chasing in stone

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse panna.

### Noun

panne f or m (definite singular panna or pannen, indefinite plural panner, definite plural pannene)
* (anatomy) forehead
* pan (for cooking)

#### Derived terms

* pannekake
* stekepanne, steikepanne
* pannebånd

### References

* “panne” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse panna.

### Noun

panne f (definite singular panna, indefinite plural panner, definite plural pannene)
* (anatomy) the forehead
* a pan (for cooking)

#### Derived terms

* pannekake
* steikepanne
* panneband

### References

* “panne” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑn.ne/

### Noun

panne f
* pan, frying pan
    Hū fela ǣġra wilt þū þæt iċ on þǣre pannan brǣde?How many eggs do you want me to fry in the pan?
** late 12th century, Peri Didaxeon
    Hǣt þæt wīn on clǣnre pannan.Heat the wine in a clean pan.

#### Declension

Weak feminine (n-stem):

#### Derived terms

* brǣdpanne (“frying pan”)
* bræġnpanne (“skull”)
* hēafodpanne (“skull”)
* hierstepanne (“frying pan”)

#### Descendants

* Middle English: panne, pan, pane, ponne (West Midlands)
** English: pan
*** →? Irish: panna
*** → Japanese: パン
** Scots: pan

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpanɲe]

### Noun

panne f
* dative/locative singular of panna