# 榴

| 榴 | U+69B4, &#27060; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-69B4 |
| ← 榳 [U+69B3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 榵 → [U+69B5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

榴 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹田 (DHHW), four-corner 4796$_2$, composition ⿰木留)

#### Derived characters

* 籕, 𡂆

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 544, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15280
* Dae Jaweon: page 932, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1267, character 5
* Unihan data for U+69B4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 卯 | *mruːʔ |
| 昴 | *mruːʔ |
| 泖 | *mruːʔ |
| 茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
| 奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
| 窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
| 聊 | *m·rɯːw |
| 貿 | *mlus |
| 鄮 | *mlus |
| 劉 | *m·ru |
| 留 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 蒥 | *m·ru |
| 鶹 | *m·ru |
| 騮 | *m·ru |
| 榴 | *m·ru |
| 瑠 | *ru |
| 瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 遛 | *m·ru |
| 鎦 | *m·ru |
| 飀 | *m·ru |
| 鰡 | *m·ru |
| 嵧 | *m·ru |
| 餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 柳 | *m·ruʔ |
| 珋 | *m·ruʔ |
| 罶 | *m·ruʔ |
| 嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
| 溜 | *m·rus |
| 霤 | *m·rus |
| 廇 | *m·rus |
| 塯 | *m·rus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *m·ru): semantic 木 + phonetic 留 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus).

### Etymology

The botanist Li Shizhen suggests that 榴 is the same as 瘤 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus, “lump, tumour”), as the pomegranate fruit resembles cancerous outgrowths on the body; however, this is likely folk etymology, albeit one that perhaps influenced the choice of phonetic component for the Chinese glyph's formation. The reconstructed consonants of this part equal those of a wanderwort for the pomegranate present in Arabic رُمَّان (rummān, “pomegranate”), see it for other languages.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): liú (liu$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): niu$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lau$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù
* Eastern Min (BUC): liù
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): liû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): liu$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lieu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liú
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lióu
*** Wade–Giles: liu$^2$
*** Yale: lyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
*** Palladius: лю (lju)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: niu$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: liu
*** Sinological IPA : /niəu⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lau$^4$
*** Yale: làuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: leo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐu̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
*** Hakka Romanization System: liu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: liù
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ieu⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû
*** Tâi-lô: liû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: liu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liû
*** Sinological IPA : /liu⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$lieu
*** MiniDict: lieu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$lieu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɤ²³/
* Middle Chinese: ljuw
Rime :
| Character | 榴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力求切 |
| Baxter | ljuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /luw/ |
| Li Rong | /liu/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*m·ru/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 榴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8886 |
| Phonetic component | 卯 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 劉 |
| Old Chinese | /*m·ru/ |

### Definitions

榴
* Short for 石榴 (shíliú, “pomegranate”).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 安石榴 (ānshíliú)
* 手榴彈 / 手榴弹 (shǒuliúdàn)
* 朱脣榴齒 / 朱唇榴齿
* 楠榴
* 榴彈 / 榴弹 (liúdàn)
* 榴彈炮 / 榴弹炮 (liúdànpào)
* 榴月 (Liúyuè)
* 榴槤 / 榴梿 (liúlián)
* 榴火
* 榴炮
* 榴花
* 榴蓮 / 榴莲 (liúlián)
* 榴連 / 榴连 (liúlián)
* 榴霰彈 / 榴霰弹
* 番石榴 (fānshíliú)
* 石榴 (shíliú)
* 石榴裙 (shíliúqún)
* 若榴 (ruòliú)
* 鎗榴彈 / 枪榴弹

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* pomegranate

#### Readings

* Go-on: る (ru)
* Kan-on: りゅう (ryū)
* Kun: ざくろ (zakuro, 榴)

#### Compounds

* 崖石榴(いたびかずら) (itabikazura)
* 若榴(ざくろ) (zakuro)
* 柘榴(ざくろ) (zakuro); or 柘榴(じゃくろ) (jakuro)
* 石榴(ざくろ) (zakuro); or 石榴(せきりゅう) (sekiryū); or 石榴(じゃくろ) (jakuro)
* 石榴石(ざくろいし) (zakuroishi)
* 石榴口(ざくろぐち) (zakuroguchi)
* 石榴鼻(ざくろばな) (zakurobana)
* 手榴弾(しゅりゅうだん) (shuryūdan); or 手榴弾(てりゅうだん) (teryūdan)
* 海石榴(つばき) (tsubaki)
* 花柘榴(はなざくろ) (hanazakuro)
* 蕃石榴(ばんじろう) (banjirō)
* 榴輝岩(りゅうきがん) (ryūkigan)
* 榴散弾(りゅうさんだん) (ryūsandan)
* 榴霰弾(りゅうさんだん) (ryūsandan)
* 榴弾(りゅうだん) (ryūdan)
* 榴弾砲(りゅうだんほう) (ryūdanhō)

## Korean
### Hanja

榴 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

榴: Hán Nôm readings: lựu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.