# نیل
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian نیل (nil, “indigo”), from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), ultimately from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

#### Noun

نیل • (nil) (definite accusative نیلی (nili), plural نیللر (niller))
* indigo, a purplish-blue dye obtained from certain plants, such as the indigo plant or woad
    Synonyms: بویا چیویتی (boya çiviti), چیویت (çivit)
* indigo, any leguminous plant of the genus Indigofera, but especially Indigofera tinctoria
    Synonym: چیویت (çivit)
* daub of indigo on the face used as a mark of grief or of shame, or, to avert the evil eye

##### Derived terms

* نیلج (nilec, “indigo”)
* نیلفام (nilfam, “indigo-coloured”)
* نیلك (nilek, “a blue discoloration of the skin”)
* نیلكون (nilgün, “indigo-coloured”)
* نیله (nile, “indigo”)
* نیلی (nilî, “blueness”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: nil

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “nil”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3548
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Indicum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 781
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 5303-5304
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِّيل (an-nīl, “the Nile”), itself from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).

#### Proper noun

نیل • (nil)
* Nile (a river in Africa)

##### Derived terms

* نیل ابیض (nil-i ebyâz, “White Nile”)
* نیل ازرق (nil-i ezrâk, “Blue Nile”)
* نیل زنج (nil-i zenc, “Niger”)
* نیل سودان (nil-i sudan, “Niger”)
* نیل مبارك (nil-i mübârek, “Nile of Egypt”)
* نیلی (nilî, “pertaining to the Nile”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: Nil

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 833
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “Nîl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1002
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “نیل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 486b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نیل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1295
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Nilus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1139
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نیل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 5303-5304
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نیل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2118

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [niːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [niːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [niːl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [niːl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [nil̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [niːl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [nil]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

#### Noun

نیل • (nil)
* indigo

##### Derived terms

* نیلی (nili)

##### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: नील (nīl)
    Urdu: نیل (nīl)
* → Middle Armenian: նիլ (nil)
* → Ottoman Turkish: نیل (nil)
** Turkish: nil
* → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

#### Proper noun

نیل • (nil)
* the Nile
    رود نیل ― rud-e nil ― the River Nile
    رودخانه نیل ― rudxâne-ye nil ― the River Nile

##### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: नील (nīl)
    Urdu: نِیل (nīl)
* → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈniː.lə̆/

### Numeral

نِیل • (nīl) (Gurmukhi spelling ਨੀਲ)
* (rare) ten trillion

## Urdu
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

#### Noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)
* indigo (dye)
* (botany) indigo (plant from which the bluish dye is obtained)
* bruise (bruise)

#### Adjective

نیل • (nīl) (Hindi spelling नील)
* indigo (color)

#### See also

Colors in Urdu · رنگ (raṅg) (layout · text) :
| سفید (safed), ابیض (abyaz) | سرمئی (sarmaī), خاکستری (xākistarī), دھوسر (dhūsar) | کالا (kālā), سیاہ (siyāh), اسود (aswad) |
| سرخ (surx), لال (lāl), قرمزی (qarmazī), احمر (ahmar) | مالٹائی (mālṭāī), نارنجی (nāranjī), نارنگی (nārangī); بھورا (bhūrā), بادامی (bādāmī), خاکی (xākī), مٹیالا (maṭiālā) | پیلا (pīlā), زرد (zard), اصفر (asfar), بسنتی (basantī) |
| پستہ (pistah), انگوری (aṅgūrī), دھانی (dhānī) | سبز (sabz), ہرا (harā) | |
| فیروزی (ferozī) | آسمانی (āsmānī), نیلگوں (nīlgū̃), لاجوردی (lājvardī), آبی (ābī), آبگوں (ābgū̃) | نیلا (nīlā), ازرق (azraq) |
| نیل (nīl), بنفشی (banafśī), بنفش (banafś) | جامنی (jāmnī), اودا (ūdā), ارغوانی (arġawānī), بیگنی (beganī), بینگنی (benganī), بینجنی (benjanī) | گلابی (gulābī), پیازی (pīāzī) |

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian نیل (nīl), from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

#### Proper noun

نیل • (nīl) m (Hindi spelling नील)
* the Nile
    دریائے نیل ― daryā-e Nīl ― the Nile river

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

نیل • (nīl) ?
* bruise