# pono
## Hawaiian
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar). Probably an innovation of Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpo.no/

### Noun

pono
* righteousness
    Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono.The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.
* morality, goodness, excellence
* correct procedure, true nature, rights, duty
* prosperity, well-being
* property, supplies
* use, purpose

### Verb

pono
* (stative) good, moral, proper
* (stative) beneficial
* (stative) should, must, necessary

#### Derived terms

* hoʻoponopono

### Particle

pono
* (preceding a word or term) careless, any old way
    Mai pono helu ʻoe, e helu pono!Don't count carelessly, count properly!

## Latin
### Etymology

From Old Latin *poznō, from Proto-Italic *pozinō. Equivalent to po- +‎ sinō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpoː.noː/, [ˈpoːnoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpo.no/, [ˈpɔːno]
* Hyphenation: po‧no

### Verb

pōnō (present infinitive pōnere, perfect active posuī or posīvī, supine positum); third conjugation
* to place, put, lay [with accusative ‘something’, along with in (+ ablative or (less common) accusative) ‘in/on something’ or adverb of place or (sometimes) ablative]
    Synonyms: collocō, statuō, locō, sistō, fīgō, cōnstituō, struō, impōnō, dēfīgō
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.652:montibus hīs pōnunt spemque laremque suumon these hills they place their hope and their home
** 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Lucas.9.16:acceptis autem quinque panibus et duobus piscibus respexit in caelum et benedixit illis et fregit et distribuit discipulis suis ut ponerent ante turbasThen he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and broke, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.
* to ordain, appoint, make something
    Synonyms: indīcō, imperō, praescrībō, iniungō, praecipiō, ēdīcō, mandō, iubeō, dictō
* to set up, pitch (camp)
* to put away, leave off, dismiss, forego, lay down, surrender
* to posit, offer, assume, suppose, depict
    Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, reddō, remittō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, tribuō

#### Derived terms

* antepōnō
* appōnō
* circumpōnō
* compōnō
* contrāpōnō
* dēpōnō
* depono
* dispōnō
* expōnō
* impōnō
* interpōnō
* oppōnō
* pōnēns
* postis
* postpōnō
* praepōnō
* prōpōnō
* repōnō
* sēpōnō
* superimpōnō
* superpōnō
* suppōnō
* trānspōnō

#### Related terms

* antepositus
* appositus, appositiō
* circumpositus
* compositus, compositiō
* dēpositus, dēpositiō
* dispositus, dispositiō
* expositus, expositiō
* impositus, impositiō
* interpositus, interpositiō
* oppositus, oppositiō
* positus, positiō
* postpositus
* praepositus, praepositiō
* prōpositus, prōpositiō
* repositus, repositiō
* sēpositus
* superpositus
* suppositus, suppositiō
* trānspositus

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: pun
* Asturian: poner
* Catalan: pondre
* French: pondre
* Friulian: poni, pondi, pogni
* Galician: poñer, pór
* Italian: porre
* Occitan: pónder, pondre
* Portuguese: pôr
* Romanian: pune, punere
* Sardinian: pòniri, pònnere, pònni, pònniri
* Sicilian: pùniri
* Spanish: poner
* Venetan: poner, ponder, pondar
* Walloon: ponre

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sinō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 566-7: “pōnō < *po-sinō”

### Further reading

* “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “pono”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* pono in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to offer a prize (for the winner): praemium ponere to set up a statue in some one's honour: statuam alicui ponere, constituere to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing: studium, industriam (not diligentiam) collocare, ponere in aliqua re to throw doubt upon a thing: in dubio ponere to cite a person or a thing as an example: aliquem (aliquid) exempli causa ponere, proferre, nominare, commemorare it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an to bring a thing vividly before the eyes: ante oculos ponere aliquid to give a general idea of a thing: in uno conspectu ponere aliquid to make a short survey of a thing: in brevi conspectu ponere aliquid to publish, make public: in medio ponere (proponere) to propose, set a theme: ponere to set some one a theme for discussion: ponere alicui, de quo disputet to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1) to propose a subject of debate, put a question: quaestionem ponere, proponere to lay down a book (vid. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): librum de manibus ponere to set one's hope on some one: spem suam ponere, collocare in aliquo to put confidence in some one: fiduciam in aliquo ponere, collocare to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere to place some one in ambush: aliquem in insidiis locare, collocare, ponere to undress: vestem ponere (exuere) to set food before a person: cibum apponere, ponere alicui to consider a thing as profit: in lucro ponere aliquid (Flacc. 17. 40) to pile arms (cf. sect. XII. 3, note vestem deponere...): arma ponere (not deponere) to place a close line of sentry-posts: vigilias crebras ponere (Sall. Iug. 45. 2) to encamp: castra ponere, locare (ambiguous) to be favourably situated: opportuno loco situm or positum esse (ambiguous) to fail to see what lies before one: quod ante pedes est or positum est, non videre (ambiguous) to depend upon a thing: positum, situm esse in aliqua re (ambiguous) to be in a person's power: in manu, in potestate alicuius situm, positum esse (ambiguous) to consider a thing beneath one's dignity: aliquid infra se ducere or infra se positum arbitrari (ambiguous) it is a matter of conjecture, supposition: aliquid in coniectura positum est (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.) (ambiguous) to occupy a very high position in the state: in altissimo dignitatis gradu collocatum, locatum, positum esse

## Lingala
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *pòon.

### Verb

pono
* to choose, to pick
* to prefer

## Maori
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *pono, from Proto-Oceanic *bonor, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bənər (compare with Malay benar). Probably an innovation of Eastern Polynesian, with the similarity being accidental on account of final *-r.

### Noun

pono
* truth, non-fiction, validity
    Kua kitea e mātou te pono o aua kupu.We have seen the truth of those words.

### Adjective

pono
* true, valid, honest, genuine, sincere
    Mehemea he pono te aroha o te tangata ki te wahine, o te wahine rānei ki te tāne, e kore rawa e mātoke, ahakoa whakararurarutia e ngā whanaunga engari ka kaha kē atu.If a man truly loves a woman, or vice versa, it will not go cold, and despite problems caused by relatives it will become stronger.

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* póny (Central Greater Poland)
* puny (Southern Greater Poland)
* póno (Kielce)

### Etymology

Clipping of podobno.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔ.nɔ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Lasovia) IPA: /ˈpɔ.nɔ/
** (Biecz) IPA: /ˈpɔ.nɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔnɔ
* Syllabification: po‧no

### Particle

pono
* (archaic or dialectal, Biecz, Lasovia) apparently, reputedly, supposedly
    Synonyms: podobno, ponoć

### Further reading

* pono in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pono in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Roman Zawiliński (1880) “pono”, in “Gwara brzezińska w pow. ropczyckim”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 231
* Oskar Kolberg (1865) “pono”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 264

## Portuguese
### Verb

pono
* Eye dialect spelling of pondo, representing Northeast Brazil Portuguese.