OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# موجة
## Arabic
### Etymology

Morphologically from the root م و ج (m w j).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maw.d͡ʒa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

مَوْجَة • (mawja) f (plural مَوْجَات (mawjāt))
* (singulative) wave, billow, see مَوْج (mawj)
    مَوْجَة صَوْتِيَّة ― mawja ṣawtiyya ― a sound wave

#### Declension
### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “موج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مَوْجَة (mawja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moː.d͡ʒa/, [mo̞ːd͡ʒa]

### Noun

موجة • (mōja) f (singulative, collective موج m (mōj), plural موجات (mōjāt) or أمواج (ʔamwāj))
* wave

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic مَوْجَة (mawja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moː.ʒe/, [ˈmoː.ʒe]
* IPA: /moː.ʒa/, [ˈmoː.ʒa]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

موجة • (mōje) m (plural موج (mōj) or أمواج (ʔamwāj))
* wave
# مهارة
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.haː.ra/

#### Noun

مَهَارَة • (mahāra) f (plural مَهَارَات (mahārāt))
* (uncountable) verbal noun of مَهَرَ (mahara) (form I)
* skill
    بِفَضْلِ مَهَارَتِهِ ٱلاِسْتِثْنَائِيَّةِ فِي ٱللُّغَاتِ، نَجَحَ أَحْمَدُ فِي ٱلتَّوَاصُلِ مَعَ ٱلْأَشْخَاصِ مِنْ مُخْتَلِفِ ٱلثِّقَافَاتِ.bi-faḍli mahāratihi l-istiṯnāʔiyyati fī l-luḡāti, najaḥa ʔaḥmadu fī t-tawāṣuli maʕa l-ʔašḵāṣi min muḵtalifi ṯ-ṯiqāfāti.Thanks to his exceptional language skills, Ahmed succeeded in communicating with people from different cultures.

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: məharət
* → Northern Kurdish: meheret
* → Ottoman Turkish: مهارت (mahāret)
** Turkish: maharet
* → Persian: مهارت (mahârat)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: महारत (mahārat)
    Urdu: مہارت (mahārat)
* → Tatar: мәһәрәт (mähärät)
* → Uyghur: ماھارەت (maharet)
* → Uzbek: mahorat

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mi.haː.ra/

#### Noun

مِهَارَة • (mihāra) pl
* plural of مُهْر (muhr)
# gotham
## Latin
### Adjective

gotham
* accusative feminine singular of gothus
# منزوع
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the passive participle of نَزَعَ (nazaʕa, “to tear out”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /man.zuːʕ/
* Rhymes: -uːʕ

### Adjective

مَنْزُوع • (manzūʕ)
* torn out, plucked out, taken off
* removed, extracted
    حَلِيب مَنْزُوع الدَسَمḥalīb manzūʕ ad-dasamskimmed milk, fat-free milk (i.e. having had the fat removed)

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: منزوع (menzû')
# discordante
## French
### Adjective

discordante
* feminine singular of discordant

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /di.skorˈdan.te/
* Rhymes: -ante
* Hyphenation: di‧scor‧dàn‧te

### Participle

discordante (plural discordanti)
* present participle of discordare

### Adjective

discordante (plural discordanti)
* discordant
* conflicting, clashing

### Anagrams

* screditando

## Latin
### Participle

discordante
* ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of discordāns

## Spanish
### Etymology

From discordar +‎ -ante.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /diskoɾˈdante/ [d̪is.koɾˈð̞ãn̪.t̪e]
* Rhymes: -ante
* Syllabification: dis‧cor‧dan‧te

### Adjective

discordante m or f (masculine and feminine plural discordantes)
* discordant
* conflicting
    Synonym: encontrado

#### Derived terms

* discordancia
* discordantemente

#### Related terms

* discordia

### Further reading

* “discordante”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ejemplar
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin exemplārem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /exemˈplaɾ/ [e.xẽmˈplaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: e‧jem‧plar

### Adjective

ejemplar m or f (masculine and feminine plural ejemplares)
* exemplary

#### Derived terms

* ejemplarmente

### Noun

ejemplar m (plural ejemplares)
* exemplar, example
* specimen
    Synonym: espécimen
* sample
    Synonym: muestra
* copy
    Synonym: copia

#### Related terms

* ejemplaridad
* ejemplarizar
* ejemplo

### Further reading

* “ejemplar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# esfero
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈfeɾo/ [esˈfe.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: es‧fe‧ro

### Noun

esfero m (plural esferos) (Colombia, Ecuador)
* pen (utensil containing ink used to write or make marks)
    ¿Me presta un esfero?Could I borrow your pen?
* pen (a mark made with ink)
    Esta mancha es esfero, está difícil quitarla.This stain is pen, it’s difficult to remove.

#### Related terms

* boli m
* bolígrafo m
* pluma f
# invaluable
## English
### Etymology

From in- +‎ valuable (compare priceless).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnˈvælju(ə)bl̩/, /ɪnˈvæljəbl̩/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: in‧val‧u‧ab‧le

### Adjective

invaluable (comparative more invaluable, superlative most invaluable)
* Having great or incalculable value.
    Synonym: priceless
    Hypernyms: valuable, precious, crucial
** 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice:You are a very strange creature by way of a friend!—always wanting me to play and sing before anybody and everybody! If my vanity had taken a musical turn, you would have been invaluable; but as it is, I would really rather not sit down before those who must be in the habit of hearing the very best performers.
** 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22, page 181:Colonel Cathcart bewailed the miserable fate that had given him for an invaluable assistant someone as common as Colonel Korn. It was degrading to have to to depend so thoroughly on a person who had been educated at a state university.
* (obsolete) Not valuable; valueless; worthless.
    Synonyms: unvaluable, nonvaluable
** 1640, Treaty of Ripon:The money I have received is so invaluable a sum that I have forborne as yet to pay it in, and am heartily sorry that I cannot better advance His Majesty's service.
** 1866, Thomas Wright, The Intellectual Observer:It would be an interesting, and far from an invaluable labour, to trace the history of the murrains, or cattle diseases of former days, and there causes and effects.

#### Derived terms

* invaluably
* invaluableness

#### Related terms

* evaluation
* revaluation
* valuation

#### See also

* incalculable
* inestimable
* unpriceable

## Spanish
### Etymology

in- +‎ valer +‎ -able

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /imbaˈlwable/ [ĩm.baˈlwa.β̞le]
* Rhymes: -able
* Syllabification: in‧va‧lua‧ble

### Adjective

invaluable m or f (masculine and feminine plural invaluables)
* invaluable, priceless
    Synonym: invalorable

#### Related terms

* valioso

### Further reading

* “invaluable”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# magmático
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maɡˈmatiko/ [maɣ̞ˈma.t̪i.ko]
* Rhymes: -atiko
* Syllabification: mag‧má‧ti‧co

### Adjective

magmático (feminine magmática, masculine plural magmáticos, feminine plural magmáticas)
* magmatic

#### Derived terms

* cámara magmática

### Further reading

* “magmático”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# oquedad
## Spanish
### Etymology

From hueco +‎ -edad.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /okeˈdad/ [o.keˈð̞að̞]
* Rhymes: -ad
* Syllabification: o‧que‧dad

### Noun

oquedad f (plural oquedades)
* hollow, hollow space, cavity, hole
* insubstantiality (of speech or talk)

#### Related terms

* hueco
* oquedal

### Further reading

* “oquedad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ঈমান
## Bengali
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِیمَان (īmān), borrowed from Arabic إِيمَان (ʔīmān), from آمَنَ (ʔāmana).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /iman/, [ˈiman]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /iman/, [ˈiman]

### Noun

ঈমান • (iman)
* iman, faith, belief
    এমন কেউ জান্নাতে প্রবেশ করবে না যার অন্তরে এক সরিষার দানার পরিমাণও অহংকার থাকবে, আর এমন কেউ আগুনে প্রবেশ করবে না যার অন্তরে এক সরিষার দানার পরিমাণও ঈমান থাকবে।emon keu jannate probeś korbe na jar ontore ek śoriśar danar porimanō ohoṅkar thakbe, ar emon keu agune probeś korbe na jar ontore ek śoriśar danar porimanō iman thakbe.No one will enter Paradise who has in his/her heart the weight of a mustard seed of arrogance, and no one will enter Hellfire who has in his/her heart the weight of a mustard seed of faith.–translated from an Arabic hadith traditionally attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad

### Proper noun

ঈমান • (iman)
* a unisex given name, Iman, from Arabic

#### Derived terms

* ঈমানী (imani)
* ঈমানদার (imanodar)
* ঈমানদারী (imandari)
* বেঈমান (beiman)
* বেঈমানী (beimani)

#### Related terms

* আমানত (amanot)
* আমিন (amin)
* মামুন (mamun)
* মুমিন (mumin)

#### Descendants

* → Chakma: 𑄃𑄩𑄟𑄚𑄴 (īmān)

### References

* Accessible Dictionary, ঈমান Bengali-Bengali Government of Bangladesh
* Accessible Dictionary, ঈমান Bengali-English Government of Bangladesh
# pinina
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Piedmontese pinina (“youngest sister”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈnina/ [piˈni.na]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: pi‧ni‧na

### Adjective

pinina
* feminine singular of pinino
    (Argentina, dialectal) small, little. Used to describe a very short or young woman.
       La hija es re pinina. ― The daughter is very short.
       La pinina de los García se casó. ― Garcia's youngest (daughter) got married.
    Also, figuratively, a little farm animal.
       La (gallina) pinina puso huevos. ― The little (hen) laid eggs.

#### Derived terms

* Pini
* Pinina
* Pinino
* pinino
# pluralidad
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pluɾaliˈdad/ [plu.ɾa.liˈð̞að̞]
* Rhymes: -ad
* Syllabification: plu‧ra‧li‧dad

### Noun

pluralidad f (plural pluralidades)
* plurality
    Antonym: singularidad

#### Related terms

* plural

### Further reading

* “pluralidad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# posada
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish posada.

### Noun

posada (plural posadas)
* A traditional Mexican Christmas procession.
** 2008 December 24, Judith Lerner, “A chef's menu stirs Christmas memories”, in Berkshire Eagle‎, archived from the original on 4 March 2016:They make a posada for the kids over there.
* An inn in Spanish-speaking regions.

### Further reading

* Las Posadas

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [puˈza.ðə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [poˈza.ðə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [poˈza.ða]

### Noun

posada f (plural posades)
* putting, placing, staging
* stay (act of staying in a locale)
* inn
* house, residence
* (Mallorca, Menorca) pied-à-terre

### Participle

posada f sg
* feminine singular of posat

## Czech
### Etymology

Deverbal of posadit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈposada]

### Noun

posada f (diminutive posádka)
* pen, coop, hutch

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “posada”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “posada”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “posada”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal of posadzić. Calque of German Stellung.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈsa.da/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: po‧sa‧da

### Noun

posada f (diminutive posadka)
* situation, job, position, post
* (archaic) foundation

#### Declension
### Further reading

* posada in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* posada in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Deverbal of posaditi, influenced by Czech posádka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôsada/
* Hyphenation: po‧sa‧da

### Noun

pȍsada f (Cyrillic spelling по̏сада)
* crew (of a ship, airplane, etc.)

#### Declension
### References

* “posada”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From posar +‎ -ada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /poˈsada/ [poˈsa.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: po‧sa‧da

### Noun

posada f (plural posadas)
* hotel, inn
    Synonym: fonda

#### Related terms

* posar
* reposar
* reposo

### Participle

posada f sg
* feminine singular of posado

### Further reading

* “posada”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# quilla
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French quille.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈki.ʎə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈki.ʎa]

### Noun

quilla f (plural quilles)
* keel

### Further reading

* “quilla” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “quilla”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “quilla” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “quilla” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* quilha (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Middle French quille, probably from Old Norse.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkiɟa/ [ˈki.ɟɐ]
* Rhymes: -iɟa
* Hyphenation: qui‧lla

### Noun

quilla f (plural quillas)
* (nautical) keel

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “quilla”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “quilla”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “quilla”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* “quilla”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “quilla”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French quille.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkiʝa/ [ˈki.ʝa]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /ˈkiʝa/ [ˈki.ʝa]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /ˈkiʎa/ [ˈki.ʎa]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈkiʃa/ [ˈki.ʃa]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈkiʒa/ [ˈki.ʒa]
* Rhymes: -iʝa
* Rhymes: -iʝa
* Rhymes: -iʎa
* Rhymes: -iʃa
* Rhymes: -iʒa
* Syllabification: qui‧lla

### Noun

quilla f (plural quillas)
* (nautical) keel

#### Derived terms

* aquillado

### Further reading

* “quilla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# tierra firme
## Spanish
### Noun

tierra firme f (uncountable)
* dry land, solid ground
* mainland, terra firma

#### Derived terms

* Tierra Firme

### Further reading

* “tierra firme”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bapak baptis
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bapak +‎ baptis.

### Noun

bapak baptis (plural bapak-bapak baptis)
* (Christianity) godfather: a man present at the christening of a baby who promises to help raise the child in a Christian manner; a male godparent who sponsors the baptism of a child.
    Synonyms: ayah permandian, ayah baptis
    Hypernym: wali baptis

### Further reading

* “bapak baptis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# beaucoup
## English
### Alternative forms

* boku, boocoo, bookoo, buku

### Etymology

Borrowed from French beaucoup, early 20th century. Popularized by American GIs during the Vietnam War.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boʊˈkuː/, /ˈbuːkuː/
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -uː
* Hyphenation: beau‧coup

### Determiner

beaucoup
* (US, especially Louisiana, informal) Much, many, a lot of.
    You know that cost beaucoup bucks!
** 1925, John Dos Passos, Manhattan Transfer, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, 3rd section, page 282:“I bet the skipper’s been drinkin beaucoup highballs an thinks Brooklyn’s Hoboken.”
** 1979, Gustav Hasford, The Short-Timers, New York: Bantam Books, published 1980, →ISBN, page 93:Donlon says, "Well, we're rich and we got beaucoup beer and beaucoup chow. Now all we need is the Bob Hope show."
** 1987 November 2, Michael Halperin, w:Dorothy Catherine Fontana, “Lonely Among Us”, in Star Trek: The Next Generation, season 1, episode 7, spoken by Geordi La Forge (LeVar Burton), production code 108:Then he'd have to be relieved of command. Which you could do, Doctor, but it's beaucoup trouble if you're wrong.

### Noun

beaucoup (plural beaucoups)
* An abundance.
** 1970, “Beaucoups of Blues”, in Buzz Rabin (lyrics), Beaucoups of Blues‎, performed by Ringo Starr:Alongside the road with holes in my soul and my shoes / And beaucoups of blues

### Adverb

beaucoup (not comparable)
* In abundance.

## French
### Alternative forms

* boucoup (Louisiana)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old French biau cop, first attested circa 1210. Equivalent to beau (“nice, beautiful”) +‎ coup (“hit, strike”). The latter word also means “helping of soup or beverage”, first attested circa 1375, whose sense may have triggered or reinforced beaucoup to mean “a lot”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bo.ku/
** Audio:(file)
* IPA: /bo.ku/, /bu.ku/ (Louisiana)
* Rhymes: -u
* Hyphenation: beau‧coup

### Adverb

beaucoup
* much, very much, a lot [with de ‘of’]
    Merci beaucoup! ― Thank you very much!
    Je mange beaucoup. ― I eat a lot.
    On connaît beaucoup de gens. ― We know a lot of people.
* (Louisiana) very
    Synonym: très
    Un beaucoup vieux homme. ― A very old man.

#### Derived terms

* à beaucoup près
* c’est beaucoup
* de beaucoup
* il s’en faut de beaucoup
* pour beaucoup

#### Related terms

* beau
* belle
* coup

#### Descendants

* Louisiana Creole: bokou, boukou
* Mauritian Creole: boukou
* → English: beaucoup, boku, boocoo, bookoo, buku
* → Nigerian Pidgin: boku

#### See also

* autant
* moins
* plus

### References

* ↑ Claude Buridant Grammaire nouvelle de l'ancien français, 2000. →ISBN

### Further reading

* “beaucoup”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# big guy
## English
### Noun

big guy (plural big guys)
* A term of endearment, usually addressed toward an all-around good male person.
    Synonym: big man
    "How are you doing there, big guy?" he asked.
* (countable) Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see big,‎ guy.
    The high school wrestler was a big guy for his age.
# dispair
## English
### Etymology

From dis- +‎ pair.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌdɪsˈpɛə(ɹ)/

### Verb

dispair (third-person singular simple present dispairs, present participle dispairing, simple past and past participle dispaired)
* (transitive, uncommon) To separate (a pair).
    Hypernyms: disassociate, separate; split up, break up, break apart
    Near-synonyms: unpair; decouple, uncouple
    dispaired twins
** c. 1608–1613, Nathan Field, John Fletcher, “Four Playes, or Morall Representations, in One”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, [The Triumph of Love, scene v], page 37, column 1:Forgive me, Lady, I have deſtroyed Gerrard, and thee; rebell'd againſt heavens ordinance; diſ-pair'd two doves, made 'em ſit mourning; [...]

#### Usage notes

Not to be confused with despair, a homophone or near-homophone.

#### Related terms

* disparate

### References

* “dispair”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* diapirs
# footplateman
## English
### Etymology

From footplate +‎ -man.

### Noun

footplateman (plural footplatemen)
* (UK, rail transport) A railway worker who is either a locomotive engineer or a fireman.
    Hyponyms: engineer, fireman
    Coordinate terms: brakeman, signalman, pointsman, switchman, conductor
    Alternative form: footplate man
** 1964 May, “News and Comment: Breakaway footplate union”, in Modern Railways, page 293:The circular attacks the policy of ASLEF, the principal footplatemen's union, for its opposition to pay differentials between main-line drivers and other footplate men, claiming that it destroys ambition and enterprise.
** 2020 January 2, Conrad Landin, “Strife and strikes in post-war Britain”, in Rail, page 51:Footplatemen, organised not by the NUR but by ASLEF, had threatened to strike in August 1917 in demand of an eight-hour day.
# footwarmer
## English
### Etymology

From foot +‎ warmer.

### Noun

footwarmer (plural footwarmers)
* Something used to keep the feet warm, especially during a journey.
    Synonym: foot heater
    Hypernym: warmer
    Hyponym: foot stove
    Coordinate term: handwarmer
    Alternative forms: foot warmer, foot-warmer
** 1948 January and February, “Memoirs of Archibald Sturrock”, in Railway Magazine, page 47:Sturrock records that he found hot-water footwarmers in use on the Northern Railway of France in about 1857, and that he was so impressed with the extra comfort obtained from this simple device that he obtained permission from the French authorities to bring one to England. A dozen similar, but smaller footwarmers were made at Doncaster, without official sanction, and placed in the coaches of a train conveying some of the directors to London. Sturrock was taken to task by the chairman for having incurred this unauthorised expenditure, but before he left the meeting, the directors had ordered 200 footwarmers for public use.
** 1953 October, H. C. Casserley, “Closure of the Londonderry & Lough Swilly Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 705:There was no steam heating, but footwarmers were provided in winter to alleviate the long and rigorous journey to Burtonport.
** 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 357:stoves warmed and clarified the air, and there were always hotwater bottles and footwarmers for cold nights.
# fosse d'aisances
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɔs d‿ɛ.zɑ̃s/ ~ /fɔs d‿e.zɑ̃s/

### Noun

fosse d’aisances f (plural fosses d’aisances)
* a cesspit
    Synonyms: fosse septique, puisard
** 1983, James Clavell, chapter 47, in Shogun - Tome 2 : Le roman des samourais‎, page 260:La prochaine fois que vous aurez l’impertinence de me donner votre avis sans que je vous le demande, vous irez vous ouvrir le ventre dans une fosse d’aisances de Yedo !The next time you have the impertinence to give me your opinion with my asking, you will go to cut your stomach open in a Yedo cesspit!

### References

* “fosse d'aisances”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.