# lam
## Translingual
### Symbol

lam
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Lamba.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Lamba terms

## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /læm/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -æm

### Etymology 1

From Middle English lamen, lemen, from Old English lemian and Old Norse lemja; both from Proto-Germanic *lamjaną.

#### Alternative forms

* lamm

#### Verb

lam (third-person singular simple present lams, present participle lamming, simple past and past participle lammed)
* (transitive, informal) To beat or thrash.
** 1930, Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston, Mule Bone, Act II, Scene 2, in The Collected Works of Langston Hughes, Volume 5: The Plays to 1942: Mulatto to The Sun Do Move, edited by Leslie Catherine Sanders, Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2002, p. 102,
    An' fo' I knowed it, he done picked up that bone an' lammed me ovah de head wid it.
** 1953, C. S. Lewis, The Silver Chair, Collins, published 1998, Chapter:They lammed each other on the head with great, clumsy stone hammers; but their skulls were so hard that the hammers bounced off again […]
* (intransitive, dated, slang) To flee or run away.
** 1947, Bill Finger, World's Finest Comics #30, "The Penny Plunderers!", p. 4:
    [Gangster running away:] Batman and Robin! Let's lam!
** 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 1, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 1:[…] and she was so mad and so down deep vindictive that she reported to the police some false trumped-up hysterical crazy charge, and Dean had to lam from Hoboken.

#### Noun

lam (plural lams)
* (slang) A flight or escape.
    on the lam

##### Derived terms

* lambaste
* lam into
* lam off
* lam out
* on the lam
* take it on the lam

##### Related terms

* lame

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Arabic لَام (lām), the name of the letter ل (l).

#### Noun

lam (plural lams)
* The twenty-third letter of the Arabic alphabet, ل (l). It is preceded by ك (k) and followed by م (m).

### Further reading

* Eric Partridge (2005) “lam”, in Tom Dalzell and Terry Victor, editors, The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, volume 2 (J–Z), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 1180.

### See also

* lam chau

### Anagrams

* ALM, AML, M.L.A., MLA, Mal, Mal., alm, mal, mal-

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch lam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lam/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

lam (plural lammers)
* lamb

## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لَام (lām).

### Noun

lam (definite accusative lamı, plural lamlar)
* the Arabic letter ل

#### Further reading

* “lam” in Obastan.com.

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse lami, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lam/, [lɑmˀ]

#### Adjective

lam
* lame

##### Inflection

$^1$ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. $^2$ The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

##### Derived terms

* lam i roen

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse lamb.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lam/, [lɑmˀ]

#### Noun

lam n (singular definite lammet, plural indefinite lam)
* lamb

##### Derived terms

* påskelam (“Passover lamb, Paschal Lamb”)

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɑm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: lam
* Rhymes: -ɑm

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lamb, from Proto-West Germanic *lamb.

#### Noun

lam n (plural lammeren, diminutive lammetje n)
* lamb, the young of a sheep
* (metonymically) the meat - or fleece/wool produce of a lamb; a dish prepared from lamb's meat
* (figuratively) a gentle person, especially an innocent child

##### Derived terms

* Lam Gods
* lammeren
* lammergier
* lamsoor
* lamsvlees
* lamswol

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: lam, lamtje
* → Papiamentu: lamchi, lammetsje

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lam, from Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.

#### Adjective

lam (comparative lammer, superlative lamst)
* lame, unable to move, paralyzed
* (informal) very drunk

##### Derived terms

* lamleggen
* lamme
* lamstraal
* verlammen
* vleugellam

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: lam
* → Caribbean Javanese: lam
* → Papiamentu: lam

### Anagrams

* mal

## Hausa
### Etymology

From Arabic لَام (lām).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lám/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [láŋ]

### Noun

lam f
* lam (letter of the Arabic alphabet)

## Kokborok
### Noun

lam
* way

### References

* Binoy Debbarma, Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary (2001)

## Limilngan
### Noun

lam
* frilled-neck lizard

### References

* Mark Harvey, A Grammar of Limilngan: A Language of the Mary River Region, Northern Territory, Australia (2001)

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *lamb, from Proto-Germanic *lambaz.

#### Noun

lam n
* lamb

##### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

##### Alternative forms

* lamp

##### Descendants

* Dutch: lam
* Limburgish: lamb

### Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.

#### Adjective

lam
* lame
* weak, strengthless

##### Alternative forms

* lāem

##### Descendants

* Dutch: lam
* Limburgish: laam

### Further reading

* “lam”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* “lamb”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “lam (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “lam (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

## Mokilese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlam/

### Noun

lam
* lagoon

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse lami.

#### Adjective

lam (neuter singular lamt, definite singular and plural lamme)
* paralysed / paralyzed, crippled

##### Related terms

* lamme (verb)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse lamb.

#### Noun

lam n (definite singular lammet, indefinite plural lam, definite plural lamma or lammene)
* a lamb (young sheep)

##### Derived terms

* lammekjøtt
* påskelam (“Passover lamb, Paschal Lamb”)

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

lam
* imperative of lamme

### References

* “lam” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse lami.

#### Adjective

lam (neuter singular lamt, definite singular and plural lamme)
* paralysed; crippled

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse lamb.

#### Noun

lam n (definite singular lammet, indefinite plural lam, definite plural lamma)
* a lamb (young sheep)
* (by extension, Christianity, figurative) Christ as sacrificial lamb

##### Derived terms

* lammekjøt, lammekjøtt
* påskelam (“Passover lamb, Paschal Lamb”)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

lam
* imperative of lamma (to lamb)
* imperative of lamma (to paralyze)

### References

* “lam” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laimą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɑːm/

### Noun

lām n
* clay, loam

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* English: loam

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz, whence also Old English lama, Old Norse lami.

### Adjective

lam
* lame

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: lam
** Alemannic German: lamm
** German: lahm
** Hunsrik: laam

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlam/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -am
* Syllabification: lam

### Noun

lam f
* genitive plural of lama

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lam]

### Verb

lam
* first-person singular/plural imperfect indicative of la

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish lamber, from Old Norse lami, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.

### Adjective

lam (comparative lamare, superlative lamast)
* lame, unable to move any limbs
* (slang) lame, inefficient, imperfect, almost ridiculously so
    Det var ett lamt försök. Gör ditt bästa istället!That was a lame attempt. Do your best instead!

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### See also

* förlamad
* lamslagen

### Anagrams

* LMA, alm, mal

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English lamp.

### Noun

lam
* lamp

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish لام (lâm), from Arabic لَام (lām).

### Noun

lam
* Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ل

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [laːm˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [laːm˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [laːm˧˧]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 藍, from Literary Chinese 藍 (lán), using the same disambiguation of 青 (“grue”) with 藍 / 蓝 (lán, “blue”) and 綠 / 绿 (lục, “green”). See also xanh (“grue”).

#### Adjective

lam
* (uncommon) blue
    Synonym: xanh dương

##### Usage notes

* The word is not used very often. The most common use of it is to refer to one of the seven colors of a rainbow, as in the listing "đỏ, cam, vàng, lục, lam, chàm, tím".

##### Derived terms

* danh lam thắng cảnh (名藍勝景)
* danh lam (名藍)
* già lam (伽藍)
* xanh lam

#### See also

Colors in Vietnamese · màu sắc (layout · text) :
| trắng | xám | đen |
| đỏ; thắm, thẫm | cam; nâu | vàng; kem |
| vàng chanh | xanh, xanh lá cây, xanh lục, lục | xanh bạc hà; xanh lục đậm |
| xanh lơ, hồ thuỷ; xanh mòng két | xanh, xanh da trời, thiên thanh | xanh, xanh dương, xanh nước biển, xanh lam, lam |
| tím; chàm | tía | hồng |

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

lam • (𥜓)
* (architecture) louvers, blinds, shutters
    Synonym: cửa chớp

## Volapük
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Arm and English arm.

### Noun

lam (nominative plural lams)
* arm
* blade
* sharp blade

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

## Welsh
### Noun

lam
* Soft mutation of llam.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yámana
### Noun

lam
* sun