# 創業
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chuàngyè
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cong$^3$ jip$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhòng-gia̍p
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuàngyè
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˋ ㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuàngyè
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuang$^4$-yeh$^4$
*** Yale: chwàng-yè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuanqyeh
*** Palladius: чуанъе (čuanʺje)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cong$^3$ jip$^6$
*** Yale: chong yihp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsong$^3$ jip$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cong$^3$ yib$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔːŋ³³ jiːp̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòng-gia̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tshòng-gia̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhornggiap
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡiap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡiap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡiap̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsrhjang|tsrhjangH ngjaep
Rime :
| Character | 創 | 創 | 業 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 初 (19) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 陽 (105) | 業 (147) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 初良切 | 初亮切 | 魚怯切 |
| Baxter | tsrhjang | tsrhjangH | ngjaep |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰɨɐŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰɨɐŋ$^H$/ | /ŋɨɐp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰiɐŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰiɐŋ$^H$/ | /ŋiɐp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰiɑŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰiɑŋ$^H$/ | /ŋiɐp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰɨaŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰɨaŋ$^H$/ | /ŋɨap̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰiaŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰiaŋ$^H$/ | /ŋiap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰĭaŋ/ | /t͡ʃʰĭaŋ$^H$/ | /ŋĭɐp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯aŋ/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯aŋ$^H$/ | /ŋi̯ɐp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chuāng | chuàng | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cong$^1$ | cong$^3$ | jip$^6$ |

### Verb

創業
* to start an undertaking; to do pioneering work; to break new ground; to start a business; to build a career; to engage in entrepreneurship; to enterprise
    創業精神／创业精神 ― chuàngyè jīngshén ― enterprising spirit
    自主創業／自主创业 ― zìzhǔ chuàngyè ― self-employment
    From: 1663, 黃宗義 (Huang Zongxi),《原君》(On Kingship), translation based on Lin Yutang's version
    Xīrén yuàn shìshì wú shēng dìwáng jiā, ér Yìzōng zhī yù gōngzhǔ, yì yuē: “Ruò héwèi shēng wǒ jiā!” Tòng zāi sī yán! Huísī chuàngyè shí qí yù dé tiānxià zhī xīn, yǒu bù fèirán cuījǔ zhě hū! [Pinyin]
    People used to wish that they might never be born in a royal family, and the king Yitsung said once to his young princess, "Why were you doomed to be born in my family?” What a bitter confession of remorse! Is this not enough to cool off the ambition of somebody who starts out to found a dynasty?

#### Derived terms

* 創業垂統 / 创业垂统
* 創業守成 / 创业守成
* 創業投資 / 创业投资 (chuàngyè tóuzī)
* 創業板 / 创业板
* 創業維艱 / 创业维艰
* 創業者 / 创业者 (chuàngyèzhě)
* 創業興家 / 创业兴家

#### Related terms

* 創新／创新 (chuàngxīn)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 創 | 業 |
| そう Grade: 6 | ぎょう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

創(そう)業(ぎょう) • (sōgyō)
* establishment, founding of a business

### Verb

創(そう)業(ぎょう)する • (sōgyō suru) suru (stem 創(そう)業(ぎょう)し (sōgyō shi), past 創(そう)業(ぎょう)した (sōgyō shita))
* to establish, to found

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 創業し | そうぎょうし | sōgyō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 創業し | そうぎょうし | sōgyō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 創業する | そうぎょうする | sōgyō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 創業する | そうぎょうする | sōgyō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 創業すれ | そうぎょうすれ | sōgyō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 創業せよ¹ 創業しろ² | そうぎょうせよ¹ そうぎょうしろ² | sōgyō seyo¹ sōgyō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 創業される | そうぎょうされる | sōgyō sareru |
| Causative | 創業させる 創業さす | そうぎょうさせる そうぎょうさす | sōgyō saseru sōgyō sasu |
| Potential | 創業できる | そうぎょうできる | sōgyō dekiru |
| Volitional | 創業しよう | そうぎょうしよう | sōgyō shiyō |
| Negative | 創業しない | そうぎょうしない | sōgyō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 創業せず | そうぎょうせず | sōgyō sezu |
| Formal | 創業します | そうぎょうします | sōgyō shimasu |
| Perfective | 創業した | そうぎょうした | sōgyō shita |
| Conjunctive | 創業して | そうぎょうして | sōgyō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 創業すれば | そうぎょうすれば | sōgyō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||