# 球

| 球 | U+7403, &#29699; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7403 |
| ← 琂 [U+7402] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 琄 → [U+7404] |

## Translingual
### Han character

球 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一土戈十水 (MGIJE), four-corner 1313$_2$, composition ⿰𤣩求)

#### Derived characters

* 𫳰, 𨫣

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 732, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21011
* Dae Jaweon: page 1144, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1114, character 15
* Unihan data for U+7403

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 球
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 救 | *kus |
| 求 | *ɡu |
| 球 | *ɡu |
| 逑 | *ɡu |
| 賕 | *ɡu |
| 蛷 | *ɡu |
| 莍 | *ɡu |
| 殏 | *ɡu |
| 梂 | *ɡu |
| 俅 | *ɡu |
| 脙 | *ɡu, *qʰu |
| 絿 | *ɡu |
| 銶 | *ɡu |
| 毬 | *ɡu |
| 捄 | *ɡu, *ko |
| 觩 | *ɡu |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡu): semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 求 (OC *ɡu).

### Etymology 1

"Ball", earlier some "kind of jade". Bodman (1980) relates this to Wuming Zhuang klau$^{A2}$ (“ball”), and relates 俅 (qiú, “gem-adorned”) to Tibetan གྲུ (gru, “lustre of gems”). This character had a softened initial in Proto-Min.
Originally written as 毬 (since Tang dynasty). The form 球 (since Qing dynasty) is now more common.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): qiú (qiu$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qiu$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): kiu$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qiu$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khiù
    (Hailu, HRS): kiu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiu$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qiou$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): giǔ
* Eastern Min (BUC): giù
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): giu$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giu$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): kiu$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$jieu / $^2$jieu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qiou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiú
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cióu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^2$
*** Yale: chyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyou
*** Palladius: цю (cju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (球兒 / 球儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiúr
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cióur
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chyóur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyoul
*** Palladius: цюр (cjur)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: qiu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kau$^4$
*** Yale: kàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: kiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiu²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiu²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiù
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯u¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiu
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qiou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəu¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giù
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: giu$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: giú
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiû
*** Tâi-lô: kiû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiû
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu⁵⁵/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: kiu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$jieu
*** MiniDict: jieu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$jjieu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɤ²³/
** (Northern: Suzhou, Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$jieu
*** MiniDict: jieu$^平$
*** MiniDict: jiu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /d͡ʑʏ²²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡ʑiø²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: qiou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: gjuw
Rime :
| Character | 球 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 巨鳩切 |
| Baxter | gjuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiu/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)[u]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 球 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)[u]/ |
| English | "ball"? |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 球 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10561 |
| Phonetic component | 求 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧚍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡu/ |

#### Definitions

球
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fine jade
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) percussion instrument made of jade
* ball; globe; orb
    氣球／气球 ― qìqiú ― balloon
    雪球 ― xuěqiú ― snowball
* (mathematics) ball; solid sphere
* earth
    全球 ― quánqiú ― whole world
* ball (in sports)
    發球／发球 ― fāqiú ― to serve
    一個籃球／一个篮球 ― yī ge lánqiú ― a basketball
* ball game
    球迷 ― qiúmí ― fan of a ball sport
    一場球／一场球 ― yī chǎng qiú ― a ball game
* (Teochew, Xiang) Classifier for spherical objects, such as balls of string
    一球毛線／一球毛线 ― yī qiú máoxiàn ― a ball of knitting wool
* (botany) Short for 仙人球 (xiānrénqiú, “ball-shaped cactus”).
* Short for 球根 (qiúgēn, “bulb, corm, tuber”).
* (slang) testicle
* (dialectal Mandarin, Jin, vulgar) Expletive. Often used in the form of ……個球(…… my ass). Underlying meaning may be "testes".
* (Cantonese, colloquial) million dollars
* (medicine, attributive) bulbar

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 球 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 球 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 球 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 球 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 球 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 球 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 蛋子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 蛋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lancang | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 球 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 球 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 球 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 球 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 波, 球 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 波 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 波 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 波 |
| Cantonese | Rongxian | 球 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 球, 波 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 球, 波 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 球 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 波 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 球 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 球 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 球, 波 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 球, 波 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 球 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 波 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 波 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 球 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 波 |
| Cantonese | Betong (Rongxian) | 球, 波 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 球 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 球 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 球 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 球仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 球仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 球仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 球 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 球仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 球 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 波 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 球 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 球 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 球 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 球 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 球 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 球 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 球 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 球 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 球 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 球 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 波 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 波 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 波 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 球 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 球 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 球 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 球 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 球 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 外腎, 腎 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 睪丸, 精巢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 卵子兒, 卵包子, 小蛋兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蛋蛋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 卵子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 球 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 球蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 蛋子兒, 蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 蛋子兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 卵子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 脬子兒, 腎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 脬卵子, 卵子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 卵, 卵蛋, 蛋蛋, 卵子, 敲敲兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 卵子, 卵蛋, 卵坨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 卵蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 卵考子, 考子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 卵子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 卵蛋, 卵子子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 春子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 春, 春子, 春核, 波子, 蛋蛋, 睪丸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 核 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 核春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 核仁 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 春牯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 春核 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 卵子 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 卵脬仁 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 核子 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 𨳍卵 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 核卵 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 核仔 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 核仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 卵核 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 卵核 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 春仔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 卵 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 卵核 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 順子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 卵坨子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Changting | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Zhongshan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Zhongbao) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Laiyuan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 核卵仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 核 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 核卵 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 卵子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 堆兒, 蛋 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 蛋籽子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𡳞核子, 𡳞核 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 尿脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 卵脬子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 𡳞核, 𡳞核子 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 𡳞脬核仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 𡳞核仔, 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𡳞核, 核, 𡳞脬子 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 𡳞核, 腎子, 𡳞脬子 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 核 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 𡳞核, 𡳞仁 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 𡳞脬核 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 𡳞脬子, 𡳞脬核, 核子 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 𡳞仁 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 𡳞脬仁 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 𡳞核 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 𡳞核 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 𡳞核 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 石核 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 尿脬核 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 腎肚子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 卵子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 卵子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 卵子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 卵脬黃, 卵子黃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 卵子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 卵黃, 卵袋黃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 卵子, 卵袋子, 陰袋子 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 老核子 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 卵核 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 考子, 卵子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 睪子 |

#### Compounds

* 三分球 (sānfēnqiú)
* 三大球 (sāndàqiú)
* 乒乓球 (pīngpāngqiú)
* 保齡球 / 保龄球 (bǎolíngqiú)
* 光球 (guāngqiú)
* 內角球 / 内角球
* 全球 (quánqiú)
* 冰球 (bīngqiú)
* 切球
* 削球
* 北半球 (běibànqiú)
* 半球 (bànqiú)
* 半球體 / 半球体
* 南半球 (nánbànqiú)
* 卵囊球
* 合球
* 四壞球 / 四坏球
* 回力球
* 地擲球 / 地掷球
* 地球 (Dìqiú)
* 地球儀 / 地球仪 (dìqiúyí)
* 地球史
* 地球日 (Dìqiúrì)
* 地球村 (dìqiúcūn)
* 壁球 (bìqiú)
* 壘球 / 垒球 (lěiqiú)
* 壞球 / 坏球
* 外角球
* 大球
* 天球 (tiānqiú)
* 天球儀 / 天球仪
* 好球 (hǎoqiú)
* 好球帶 / 好球带 (hǎoqiúdài)
* 小球
* 巧固球 (qiǎogùqiú)
* 帶球跑 / 带球跑 (dàiqiúpǎo)
* 平擊球 / 平击球
* 平飛球 / 平飞球
* 彩球 (cǎiqiú)
* 手球 (shǒuqiú)
* 打假球 (dǎjiǎqiú)
* 打球 (dǎqiú)
* 扣球 (kòuqiú)
* 抄球
* 投球機 / 投球机
* 抽球
* 拍球 (phok-khiù)
* 抱球
* 拋繡球 / 抛绣球 (pāoxiùqiú)
* 持球
* 捅球
* 推球
* 排球 (páiqiú)
* 控球
* 掛球蛋 / 挂球蛋
* 撞球 (zhuàngqiú)
* 擊球區 / 击球区
* 擦棒球 (cābàngqiú)
* 旋轉球 / 旋转球
* 星球 (xīngqiú)
* 星球人 (xīngqiúrén)
* 晶球 (jīngqiú)
* 曲棍球 (qūgùnqiú)
* 曲球
* 月球 (Yuèqiú)
* 月球儀 / 月球仪
* 木球 (mùqiú)
* 東半球 / 东半球 (dōngbànqiú)
* 板牆球 / 板墙球
* 松球 (sōngqiú)
* 板球 (bǎnqiú)
* 松球魚 / 松球鱼
* 桌球 (zhuōqiú)
* 棒球 (bàngqiú)
* 棉球
* 棒球卡
* 棒球場 / 棒球场
* 棒球賽 / 棒球赛
* 棒球隊 / 棒球队
* 槌球 (chuíqiú)
* 橄欖球 / 橄榄球 (gǎnlǎnqiú)
* 檯球 / 台球 (táiqiú)
* 毽球
* 氣球 / 气球 (qìqiú)
* 水半球
* 水球 (shuǐqiú)
* 洗溝球 / 洗沟球
* 洋繡球 / 洋绣球
* 淋巴球 (línbāqiú)
* 混球 (húnqiú)
* 混球兒 / 混球儿
* 渾球 / 浑球 (húnqiú)
* 滾地球 / 滚地球
* 滾球兒 / 滚球儿
* 滿球數 / 满球数
* 火球 (huǒqiú)
* 煤球 (méiqiú)
* 熱氣球 / 热气球 (rèqìqiú)
* 爭球 / 争球
* 球僮
* 球員 / 球员 (qiúyuán)
* 球場 / 球场 (qiúchǎng)
* 球徑 / 球径
* 球心 (qiúxīn)
* 球房
* 球技 (qiújì)
* 球拍 (qiúpāi)
* 球杆
* 球果 (qiúguǒ)
* 球根 (qiúgēn)
* 球棒 (qiúbàng)
* 球瓶
* 球監 / 球监
* 球磨機 / 球磨机
* 球童 (qiútóng)
* 球膽 / 球胆 (qiúdǎn)
* 球花
* 球莖 / 球茎 (qiújīng)
* 球菌 (qiújūn)
* 球藝 / 球艺 (qiúyì)
* 球蛋白 (qiúdànbái)
* 球衣 (qiúyī)
* 球證 / 球证 (qiúzhèng)
* 球賽 / 球赛 (qiúsài)
* 球迷 (qiúmí)
* 球門 / 球门 (qiúmén)
* 球隊 / 球队 (qiúduì)
* 球面 (qiúmiàn)
* 球鞋 (qiúxié)
* 球體 / 球体 (qiútǐ)
* 環球 / 环球 (huánqiú)
* 界內球 / 界内球
* 界外球 (jièwàiqiú)
* 發球 / 发球 (fāqiú)
* 發球局 / 发球局
* 白血球 (báixuèqiú)
* 皮球 (píqiú)
* 盤球 / 盘球 (pánqiú)
* 眼球 (yǎnqiú)
* 眼球肌
* 睛球
* 睛球座
* 籃板球 / 篮板球 (lánbǎnqiú)
* 籃球 / 篮球 (lánqiú)
* 籃球場 / 篮球场 (lánqiúchǎng)
* 糞球 / 粪球
* 紅血球 / 红血球 (hóngxuèqiú)
* 綵球 / 彩球
* 網球 / 网球 (wǎngqiú)
* 網球肘 / 网球肘 (wǎngqiúzhǒu)
* 練球 / 练球 (liànqiú)
* 繡球 / 绣球 (xiùqiú)
* 繡球花 / 绣球花 (xiùqiúhuā)
* 罰球 / 罚球 (fáqiú)
* 羽毛球 (yǔmáoqiú)
* 羽球 (yǔqiú)
* 膠球 / 胶球 (jiāoqiú, “glueball”)
* 自由球
* 蒜球精
* 藤球 (téngqiú)
* 血球 (xuèqiú)
* 衛生球 / 卫生球 (wèishēngqiú)
* 西半球 (xībànqiú)
* 角球 (jiǎoqiú)
* 觸身球 / 触身球
* 變化球 / 变化球
* 賽球 / 赛球 (sàiqiú)
* 足球 (zúqiú)
* 足球場 / 足球场 (zúqiúchǎng)
* 跳球
* 踢球 (tīqiú)
* 踢皮球 (tī píqiú)
* 躲避球 (duǒbìqiú)
* 鉛球 / 铅球 (qiānqiú)
* 鏈球 / 链球 (liànqiú)
* 鏈球菌 / 链球菌 (liànqiújūn)
* 鐵球 / 铁球
* 開球 / 开球 (kāiqiú)
* 關鍵球 / 关键球
* 陸半球 / 陆半球
* 雙球菌 / 双球菌
* 頭頂球 / 头顶球
* 風向球 / 风向球
* 飄浮球 / 飘浮球
* 飛碟球 / 飞碟球
* 馬球 / 马球 (mǎqiú)
* 高壓球 / 高压球
* 高球場 / 高球场
* 高飛球 / 高飞球

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 球(きゅう) (kyū)
* → Korean: 구(球) (gu)
* → Vietnamese: cầu (球)
Others
* → Zhuang: giuz

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 球 – see 璆 (“beautiful jade; tinkle of jade objects”). (This character is a variant form of 璆).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 球 – see 毬. (This character is the simplified form of 毬).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02572
* “球”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぐ (gu)
* Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)
* Kun: たま (tama, 球, Jōyō)
* Nanori: く (ku)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 球
* きゅう Grade: 3
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 毬 / 球 (gjuw, “ball, sphere, orb”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きゅう [kyúꜜù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [kʲɨː]

#### Noun

球(きゅう) • (kyū)
* sphere, globe, orb
* (baseball) pitch
* (slang, electronics) vacuum tube, valve
    五(ご)球(きゅう)スーパーラジオ
       gokyū sūpā rajio
       five-tube superheterodyne receiver

#### Derived terms

* 地球(ちきゅう) (chikyū)
* 火球(かきゅう) (kakyū)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 球
* たま Grade: 3
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たま [tàmáꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ta̠ma̠]

#### Noun

球(たま) • (tama)
* ball
* bulb (as in a light bulb)
* (slang, electronics) vacuum tube, valve
    球(たま)のアンプ
       tama no anpu
       tube amplifier
* (baseball) pitch
    いい球(たま)
       ii tama
       good pitch

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ku]
* Phonetic hangul: [구]

### Hanja

Wikisource 球 (eumhun 공 구 (gong gu))
* hanja form of 구 (“ball”)

#### Compounds

* 야구 (野球, yagu, “baseball”)
* 축구 (蹴球, chukgu, “football; soccer”)
* 농구 (籠球, nonggu, “basketball”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

球: Hán Việt readings: cầu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.