# dogma
## English
### Etymology

From Latin dogma (“philosophical tenet”), from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “I seem good, think”). Treated in the 17th and 18th century as Greek, with plural dogmata. Compare decent.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈdɒɡ.mə/
* (US) IPA: /ˈdɔɡ.mə/, /ˈdɑɡ.mə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma (countable and uncountable, plural dogmas or dogmata)
* An authoritative principle, belief or statement of opinion, especially one considered to be absolutely true and indisputable, regardless of evidence or without evidence to support it.
** 2015, Tad Brennan, Ethics and Epistemology in Sextus Empiricus:If he has a dogma, i.e. a scientifico-philosophical theory, then he is not any sort of Skeptic, not even an urbane Skeptic.
* A doctrine (or set of doctrines) relating to matters such as morality and faith, set forth authoritatively by a religious organization or leader.
    In the Catholic Church, new dogmas can only be declared by the pope after the extremely rare procedure ex cathedra to make them part of the official faith.
** 1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter V.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, page 192:According to that Cabaliſticall Dogma: If Abram had not had this Letter [i.e., ה (he)] added unto his Name he had remained fruitleſſe, and without the power of generation: […] So that being ſterill before, he received the power of generation from that meaſure and manſion in the Archetype; and was made conformable unto Binah.
** [a. 1881, William B[allantyne] Hodgson, “Noun”, in Errors in the Use of English, Edinburgh: David Douglas, published 1881, part II (Accidence), page 70:Other foreign terms have become so thoroughly Anglicised as to adopt English plurals, and it is sometimes difficult to decide whether the English or the original foreign form is the more correct. None but a pedant would speak of ‘the chori of an opera,’ ‘the croci in a garden,’ or ‘the dogmata of the church;’ […]]
** 1909, Nicholas Murray Butler, Frank Pierrepont Graves, Charles Alexander Nelson, Educational Review - Volume 37, page 383:The man who thinks that his religion is the sum-total of the religious dogmas he believes in, who thinks that to live in harmony with the allhood of things it requires only that one subscribe to certain prescribed religious dogmas, in whose mind the means of salvation is simply frequency and fervency of prayer, assiduity and fidelity of attendance on worship, — in the case of that man his so-called religion is just as apt as not to become an actual aid to immorality, for it is not religion at all, but purblind, self-righteous Pharisaism.

#### Derived terms

* antidogma
* central dogma
* dogmatic
* dogmatical
* dogmatics
* dogmatic theology
* dogmatism
* dogmatist
* dogmatize

#### Translations
### See also

* axioma
* creed

### Further reading

* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Dogma”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume III (D–E), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 583, column 1.

### Anagrams

* GOMAD, go mad

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈdoɡ.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈdoɡ.ma]

### Noun

dogma m (plural dogmes)
* dogma

#### Derived terms

* dogmatitzar

#### Related terms

* dogmàtic
* dogmatisme

### Further reading

* “dogma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “dogma”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “dogma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “dogma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdoɡma]

### Noun

dogma n
* dogma (authoritative principle, belief or statement of opinion)

#### Related terms

* dogmatický
* dogmatik
* dogmatika
* dogmatismus

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɔx.maː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma n (plural dogmata or dogma's or dogmen, diminutive dogmaatje n)
* dogma (colloquially with connotations of strictness and inflexibility)

#### Synonyms

* geloofspunt
* leerstelling
* leerstuk

#### Derived terms

* dogmaticus
* dogmatisch
* dogmatisme

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdoɡma/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Adjective

dogma (accusative singular dogman, plural dogmaj, accusative plural dogmajn)
* dogmatic, dogmatical

#### Related terms

* dogmo

## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English dogma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdoɡmɑ/, [ˈdo̞ɡmɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -oɡmɑ
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma
* Alternative form of dogmi

#### Declension

Possessive forms of dogma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dogmani
dogmani
accusative
nom.
dogmani
dogmani
gen.
dogmani
genitive
dogmani
dogmieni dogmaini $^{rare}$
partitive
dogmaani
dogmiani
inessive
dogmassani
dogmissani
elative
dogmastani
dogmistani
illative
dogmaani
dogmiini
adessive
dogmallani
dogmillani
ablative
dogmaltani
dogmiltani
allative
dogmalleni
dogmilleni
essive
dogmanani
dogminani
translative
dogmakseni
dogmikseni
abessive
dogmattani
dogmittani
instructive
comitative
—dogmineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dogmasi
dogmasi
accusative
nom.
dogmasi
dogmasi
gen.
dogmasi
genitive
dogmasi
dogmiesi dogmaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
dogmaasi
dogmiasi
inessive
dogmassasi
dogmissasi
elative
dogmastasi
dogmistasi
illative
dogmaasi
dogmiisi
adessive
dogmallasi
dogmillasi
ablative
dogmaltasi
dogmiltasi
allative
dogmallesi
dogmillesi
essive
dogmanasi
dogminasi
translative
dogmaksesi
dogmiksesi
abessive
dogmattasi
dogmittasi
instructive
comitative
—dogminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dogmamme
dogmamme
accusative
nom.
dogmamme
dogmamme
gen.
dogmamme
genitive
dogmamme
dogmiemme dogmaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
dogmaamme
dogmiamme
inessive
dogmassamme
dogmissamme
elative
dogmastamme
dogmistamme
illative
dogmaamme
dogmiimme
adessive
dogmallamme
dogmillamme
ablative
dogmaltamme
dogmiltamme
allative
dogmallemme
dogmillemme
essive
dogmanamme
dogminamme
translative
dogmaksemme
dogmiksemme
abessive
dogmattamme
dogmittamme
instructive
comitative
—dogminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dogmanne
dogmanne
accusative
nom.
dogmanne
dogmanne
gen.
dogmanne
genitive
dogmanne
dogmienne dogmainne $^{rare}$
partitive
dogmaanne
dogmianne
inessive
dogmassanne
dogmissanne
elative
dogmastanne
dogmistanne
illative
dogmaanne
dogmiinne
adessive
dogmallanne
dogmillanne
ablative
dogmaltanne
dogmiltanne
allative
dogmallenne
dogmillenne
essive
dogmananne
dogminanne
translative
dogmaksenne
dogmiksenne
abessive
dogmattanne
dogmittanne
instructive
comitative
—dogminenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dogmansa
dogmansa
accusative
nom.
dogmansa
dogmansa
gen.
dogmansa
genitive
dogmansa
dogmiensa dogmainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
dogmaansa
dogmiaan dogmiansa
inessive
dogmassaan dogmassansa
dogmissaan dogmissansa
elative
dogmastaan dogmastansa
dogmistaan dogmistansa
illative
dogmaansa
dogmiinsa
adessive
dogmallaan dogmallansa
dogmillaan dogmillansa
ablative
dogmaltaan dogmaltansa
dogmiltaan dogmiltansa
allative
dogmalleen dogmallensa
dogmilleen dogmillensa
essive
dogmanaan dogmanansa
dogminaan dogminansa
translative
dogmakseen dogmaksensa
dogmikseen dogmiksensa
abessive
dogmattaan dogmattansa
dogmittaan dogmittansa
instructive
comitative
—dogmineen dogminensa :

#### Derived terms

* dogmaelokuva

## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).

### Noun

dogma m (plural dogmas)
* dogma

#### Derived terms

* dogmatizar

#### Related terms

* dogmático
* dogmatismo

### Further reading

* “dogma”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “I seem good, think”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdoɡmɒ]
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma
* Rhymes: -mɒ

### Noun

dogma (plural dogmák)
* dogma (an authoritative principle, belief or statement of opinion, especially one considered to be absolutely true and indisputable, regardless of evidence or without evidence to support it)
* dogma (a doctrine (or set of doctrines) relating to matters such as morality and faith, set forth authoritatively by a religious organization or leader)

#### Related terms

* dogmatika
* dogmatikus
* dogmatizmus

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* dogma in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* dogma in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɔɡ.ma/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɡma
* Hyphenation: dòg‧ma

### Noun

dogma m (plural dogmi)
* dogma

#### Related terms

* dogmatico

### Further reading

* dogma in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “opinion, tenet”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “I suppose, think, evince”), from δέχομαι (dékhomai, “I take, accept”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈdoɡ.ma/, [ˈd̪ɔɡmä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈdoɡ.ma/, [ˈd̪ɔɡmä]

### Noun

dogma n (genitive dogmatis); third declension
* A philosophic tenet, doctrine, dogma
* A decree, order

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

#### Related terms

* dogmaticus m
* dogmatistes m

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: դոգմա (dogma)
* → Catalan: dogma
* → Czech: dogma
* → Danish: dogme
* → Dutch: dogma
* → English: dogma
* → Finnish: dogmi
* → French: dogme
* → Galician: dogma
* → German: Dogma
* → Hungarian: dogma
* → Italian: dogma
* → Norwegian: dogme
* → Portuguese: dogma
* → Russian: догма (dogma)
* → Spanish: dogma
* → Swedish: dogm

### References

* “dogma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “dogma”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "dogma", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* dogma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* dogmene

### Noun

dogma n
* definite plural of dogme

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

dogma n
* definite plural of dogme

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɔ.ɡi.mɐ/, /ˈdɔɡ.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɔ.ɡi.mɐ/, /ˈdɔɡ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈdɔɡ.ma/, /ˈdɔ.ɡi.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈdɔ.ɡmɐ/ [ˈdɔ.ɣmɐ]
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma m (plural dogmas)
* (chiefly religion and philosophy) dogma (an indisputable and authoritative principle or belief)

#### Related terms

* dogmático

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dôɡma/
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dȍgma f (Cyrillic spelling до̏гма)
* dogma

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma), from δοκέω (dokéō, “to seem good, think”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdoɡma/ [ˈd̪oɣ̞.ma]
* Rhymes: -oɡma
* Syllabification: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma m (plural dogmas)
* dogma

#### Derived terms

* dogma de fe
* dogmatizar

#### Related terms

* dogmático
* dogmatismo

### Further reading

* “dogma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Turkish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma, “belief”), from δοκέω (dokéō, “to seem good, think”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /doɡma/, [doɡma]
* Hyphenation: dog‧ma

### Noun

dogma (definite accusative dogmayı, plural dogmalar)
* (chiefly religion and philosophy) dogma (an indisputable and authoritative principle or belief)

#### Related terms

* dogmatik