# bringen
## Danish
### Noun

bringen c
* definite singular of bringe

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German bringen, from Old High German bringan, from Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.
Compare Hunsrik bringe, Low German brengen, Dutch brengen, Afrikaans bring, English bring, West Frisian bringe, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (briggan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrɪŋən/
   * IPA: [bʁɪŋən], [b̥ʁɪŋŋ̍] (Germany)
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
   * IPA: [b̥riŋ(ː)ən], [b̥riŋ(ː)ɛn] (Austro-Bavarian, Swiss)
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪŋn̩

### Verb

bringen (irregular weak, third-person singular present bringt, past tense brachte, past participle gebracht, past subjunctive brächte, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to bring, to fetch, to take, to convey, to bear
    Ich bringe die Katze ins Haus.I'm bringing the cat into the house.
* (transitive) to bring, to lead, to guide, to accompany
    Sie hat dich ins Krankenhaus gebracht.She brought you to the hospital.
* (ditransitive) to cause (someone) to have (something); to cause (something) to exist for the benefit, or to the detriment, of (someone); to cause (something) to be a part of (something)
    Diese Münze bringt mir Glück.This coin brings me luck.
    Die Ansiedelung des Unternehmens bringt der Gemeinde viele neue Einwohner.The company’s setting up shop brings many new residents to the municipality.
* (transitive) to get, to cause [with accusative ‘someone’, along with zum (+ nominalized verb) or dazu (+ zu (+ infinitive) or dass (+ clause) or omitted clause) ‘to do something’]
    Antonym: abbringen
    Sie bringt mich zum Lachen.She makes me laugh.
    Ich bringe Julia dazu, mich nach Hause zu fahren.I'll get Julia to drive me home.
    Ich kann ihn nicht dazu bringen, dass er mir die geheime Zutat verrät.I can't get him to tell me the secret ingredient.
    „Er verrät mir die geheime Zutat nicht!“―„Keine Sorge, ich bringe ihn schon noch dazu.““He’s not telling me the secret ingredient!”―“No worries, eventually I’ll make him [tell you].”
* (transitive, with certain phrases) to cause the action implied by a phrase to take place, possibly making the sentence more passive or indirect
    zum Ausdruck bringen ― to express
    in Einklang bringen ― to reconcile
    zu Fall bringen ― to bring down
    in Gang bringen ― to initiate
    ins Gespräch bringen ― to bring up for discussion
    in Ordnung bringen ― to put in order
    auf den Punkt bringen ― to get to the point
    in Sicherheit bringen ― to bring to safety
    in Verbindung bringen ― to associate
    auf den Weg bringen ― to set on course (initiate)
* (transitive) to acquire; to take possession of [with an (+ reflexive pronoun)]
* (transitive, chiefly in the negative, often with etwas or nichts) to accomplish; to yield
    Was soll das bringen? ― What's that going to accomplish?
    Das bringt doch nichts! ― That doesn't accomplish anything!
* (colloquial, transitive, with es (or, shortend, ’s), chiefly in the negative or sarcastic) to be of use; to be helpful
    „Lass mich noch mal mit dem Löffel versuchen, diese verflixte Dose aufzukriegen.“―„Ja, das bringt’s ganz bestimmt …““Let me have another go with the spoon to get this darned tin can open.”―“Yeah, that’ll help for sure …”
* (informal, intransitive) to deliver; to perform well
    Wenn man seine Leute ordentlich behandelt, dann bringen die auch. ― If you treat your staff decently, then they actually deliver.
* (transitive) to get over with [with hinter (+ reflexive pronoun)]
    Ich will den Tag hinter mich bringen. ― I want to get this day over with.

#### Conjugation

$^1$This form and alternative in würde both found.

#### Derived terms

* abbringen
* anbringen
* auf den neuesten Stand bringen
* aufbringen
* ausbringen
* Bringen
* bringend
* Bringer
* durchbringen
* einbringen
* erbringen
* fortbringen
* heraufbringen
* herbringen
* herunterbringen
* hervorbringen
* hinbringen
* hinterbringen
* hochbringen
* mitbringen
* nachbringen
* nahebringen
* näherbringen
* überbringen
* umbringen
* unterbringen
* verbringen
* vollbringen
* voranbringen
* vorbeibringen
* vorbringen
* wegbringen
* weiterbringen
* wiederbringen
* zubringen
* zurückbringen
* zusammenbringen

### Further reading

* “bringen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “bringen”, in Online-Wortschatz-Informationssystem Deutsch (in German), Mannheim: Leibniz-Institut für Deutsche Sprache, 2008–
* “bringen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “bringen” in Duden online
* “bringen” in OpenThesaurus.de
* “bringen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon

## Low German
### Alternative forms

* brängen, brengen

### Etymology

From Middle Low German bringen, brengen, from Old Saxon brengian, bringan, from Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.
Compare Dutch brengen, High German bringen, English bring, West Frisian bringe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrɪŋən/, /ˈbrɪˑŋŋ̩/

### Verb

bringen (third-person singular simple present bringt, past tense broch, past participle brocht, auxiliary verb hebben)
* To bring, carry, deliver, supply

#### Conjugation

Note: This conjugation is one of many. Neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch bringan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrɪŋɡən/

### Verb

bringen
* to bring

#### Alternative forms

* brengen

#### Derived terms

* gebringen
* verbringen
* volbringen

#### Descendants

* Dutch: brengen, bringen (dialectal)
** Afrikaans: bring
** Berbice Creole Dutch: bringgi
** Negerhollands: breng, bring, briṅ
** Skepi Creole Dutch: brink
** →? Sranan Tongo: bringi
* Limburgish: bringe
* West Flemish: bringen

### Further reading

* “bringhen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “bringen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle English
### Verb

bringen
* Alternative form of bryngen

## Middle High German
### Etymology

Inherited from Old High German bringan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈbriŋɡən/

### Verb

bringen (class 1 weak, third-person singular present bringet, past tense brāhte, past participle brāht, auxiliary hān)
* to bring

#### Usage notes

* The verb was originally strong class 3 and can be found so in some Middle High German texts. Its participle doesn't contain ge-.

#### Descendants

* Alemannic German: bringe
* Cimbrian: prengen
* Central Franconian: brenge
    Hunsrik: bringe
    Luxembourgish: bréngen
* German: bringen
* Rhine Franconian: brenge, bringe
    Frankfurterisch: [pʀiŋg̥ə], (older) [pʀeŋə]
    Pennsylvania German: bringe
* Vilamovian: brengia
* Yiddish: ברענגען (brengen)

### References

* Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “bringen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel