OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# アㇰ
## Ainu
### Etymology 1

Possibly related to Nivkh ыкын (əkən), аӄанд (aqand, “elder brother”).

#### Alternative forms

* アキ
* アㇵカポ (Sakhalin)
* アキプ (Kuril)
* アキボ (Kuril)

#### Noun

アㇰ (Latin spelling ak)
* younger brother

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

アㇰ (Latin spelling ak)
* to shoot with an arrow

### References

* John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎, Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 22
* “ak （アㇰ）”, in Ainu-English Dictionary‎, TranslationDirectory.com, 2023 April 25 (last accessed)
# headwind
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English *hedwind, from Old English hēafodwind, equivalent to head +‎ wind. Cognate with Old Norse höfuðvindr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɛdˌwɪnd/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

headwind (plural headwinds)
* (nautical, physics) A wind that blows directly against the course of a vehicle, like an aircraft, train, or ship.
* (transferred sense) A strong force that impedes or reverses progress.
** 2022 June 16, Swati Bhat, “India's economic prospects firm despite global headwinds, says RBI”, in Gareth Jones, editor, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 16 June 2022, Macro Matters:"Domestic economic activity has been gaining traction in spite of formidable headwinds from external developments," the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) said in its monthly bulletin.
** 2022 June 17, Michelle Goldberg, “The Future Isn’t Female Anymore”, in The New York Times‎:At the same time, Faludi, who is working on a new book about the headwinds feminism is facing, suggested that the movement itself has grown sectarian and insular.

### Verb

headwind (third-person singular simple present headwinds, present participle headwinding, simple past and past participle headwinded)
* (transitive, uncommon) To blow directly against the course of a vehicle, like an aircraft, train, or ship.
* (idiomatic, uncommon) To impede or reverse progress.

#### Antonyms

* tailwind
# fagħlu
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaː.lu/
* IPA: /ˈfaˤː.lu/ (archaic)

### Verb

fagħlu
* third-person plural perfect of fagħal
# faqgħa
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfa.ʔa/
* IPA: /ˈfa.ʔaˤ/ (archaic)
* Homophone: faqa’

### Noun

faqgħa f (plural fqiegħi)
* unexpected misfortune
# fergħa
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* fergħ (dated)

### Etymology

Extension of fergħ, from Arabic فَرْع (farʕ). The original form has become rare as it is homophonous with ferħ (“joy” and “young animal”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɛ.ra/
* IPA: /ˈfɛ.raˤ/ (archaic)
* Rhymes: -ɛra, (archaic) -ɛraˤ

### Noun

fergħa f (dual feragħtejn, plural friegħi, paucal fergħat)
* branch, twig
* subsidiary
# filgħaxijiet
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɪ.la.ʃɪˈjɪːt/
* IPA: /fɪ.laˤː.ʃɪˈjɪːt/ (archaic)

### Noun

filgħaxijiet
* plural of filgħaxija
# ġemgħa
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic جَمْعَة (jamʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛ.ma/
* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛ.maˤ/ (archaic)
* Rhymes: -ɛma, (archaic) -ɛmaˤ
* Homophone: ġema’

### Noun

ġemgħa f (plural ġemgħat or ġmiegħi, diminutive ġmejgħa)
* collection
* crowd, mass
    Synonyms: folla, kotra
# ġemma'
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic جَمَّعَ (jammaʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛm.ma/
* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛm.maˤ/ (archaic)

### Verb

ġemma’ (imperfect jġemma’, past participle mġemma’)
* to save; to put aside (money)
* to collect; to make a collection of (e.g. stamps)

#### Synonyms

* faddal
# ġmiegħa
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic جَمَاعَة (jamāʕa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒmɪː.ja/
* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒmɪː.aˤ/ (archaic)

### Noun

ġmiegħa f (plural ġmigħat)
* crowd, mass
    Synonyms: ġemgħa, folla, kotra
# dreade
## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English þræd, from Old English þrǣd, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /drɛːd/

### Noun

dreade
* thread

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 36
# błãdzëc
## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *blǫditi. By surface analysis, błąd +‎ -ëc

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbwã.d͡zɜt͡s/
* Rhymes: -ãd͡zɜt͡s
* Syllabification: błã‧dzëc

### Verb

błãdzëc impf
* (intransitive) to err (to make a mistake)
* (intransitive, of a person) to wander, to stray, to rove, to err (to walk around without a specific destination)
* (intransitive) to behave wrongly
* (intransitive) to be sick (to ail psychologically or mortally)

### Further reading

* Stefan Ramułt (1993) [1893] “błãdzëc”, in Jerzy Trepczyk, editor, Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), 3 edition
* Sychta, Bernard (1967) “błąʒëc”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 1 (A – Ǵ), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 45
* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “błądzić”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “błądzić”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “błãdzëc”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
# 擂鉢
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 擂 | 鉢 |
| す(り) Hyōgai | はち > ばち Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||

### Etymology

Literally “grinding bowl”: 擂 (すり, suri, “grind”) + 鉢 (はち, hachi, “bowl”), with rendaku (連濁).

### Noun

擂(すり)鉢(ばち) • (suribachi)
* a mortar, a bowl used for grinding

#### See also

* 擂粉木(すりこき) (surikoki)
# għabex
## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic غَبَش (ḡabaš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaː.bɛʃ/
** IPA: /ˈaˤː.bɛʃ/ (archaic)
** IPA: /ˈɣa.bɛʃ/ (archaic, rustic)

### Noun

għabex m
* sunset, dusk, twilight (period between daylight and darkness)
    Antonyms: sebħ, żerniq, sebħien

#### Derived terms

* għabbex
# għadd
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* għodd

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːt/
* IPA: /aˤːt/ (archaic)
* Homophone: għad

### Etymology 1

From Arabic عَدَّ (ʕadda).

#### Verb

għadd (imperfect jgħodd, past participle magħdud, verbal noun għadd)
* (transitive) to count, to calculate
    Trid tgħodd il-flus jew tafdani?Do you want to count the money or do you trust me?
* (intransitive) to matter; to be important or valid
    X’jgħodd għalik l-iktar f’ħajtek? ― What matters most to you in your life?
* (transitive, + bħal or b’) to consider to be; to take for
    Jgħodduna bħal boloh. ― They take us for idiots.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Arabic عَدّ (ʕadd).

#### Noun

għadd m (instance noun għadda)
* verbal noun of għadd
# għaddejt
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /adˈdɛjt/
* IPA: /aˤːdˈdɛjt/ (archaic)

### Verb

għaddejt
* first/second-person singular perfect of għadd
* first/second-person singular perfect of għadda
# għaddu
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːd.du/
* IPA: /ˈaˤːd.du/ (archaic)

### Verb

għaddu
* third-person plural perfect of għadd
* third-person plural perfect of għadda
# għadis
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* agħdis (superseded)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈdiːs/
** IPA: /aˤːˈdiːs/ (archaic)
** IPA: /ɣaˈdiːs/ (archaic, rustic)
* Rhymes: -iːs

### Noun

għadis m (instance noun għadisa)
* verbal noun of għodos: diving
# għadwa
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* għedwa, għaduwa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːd.wa/
* IPA: /ˈaˤːd.wa/ (archaic)

### Noun

għadwa f
* enmity
# għafes
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaː.fɛs/
* IPA: /ˈaˤː.fɛs/ (archaic)
* Homophone: agħfas

### Verb

għafes (imperfect jagħfes, past participle magħfus, verbal noun għafis)
* Alternative form of għafas
# għaġuża
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈd͡ʒuː.za/
* IPA: /aˤːˈd͡ʒuː.za/ (archaic)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

għaġuża f (plural għeġież or għeġejjeż)
* female equivalent of għaġuż: old woman
# desysop
## English
### Etymology

From de- +‎ sysop.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /diːˈsɪsɔp/
* (cot–caught merger) IPA: /diːˈsɪsɑp/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

desysop (third-person singular simple present desysops, present participle desysopping, simple past and past participle desysopped)
* (transitive, wiki jargon, chiefly Wikimedia jargon) To revoke the sysop (administrator) privileges of.
** 2010 July 6, Eric Stevens (quoting Wikipedia Arbitration Committee), “Re: Wikipedia Accuracy”, in soc.history.ancient‎ (Usenet):William M. Connolley desysopped
** 2010 December 6, robert bristow-johnson, “boy, is *this* OT. but i'm game. (was Re: Imbecility)”, in comp.dsp‎ (Usenet):i'll admit that i am flypaper for abusive admins. it's because i simply don't take shit from them. some of these abusive admins were eventually desysopped […]
** 2011 August 5, Ding Dong [username], “Re: All My Details”, in uk.legal‎ (Usenet):Eventually he'll be desysopped for good, and that will be a wonderful day for reason and honesty on the Internet.
# fionllo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* fiollo, fiuncho, fiúncho

### Etymology

From *fenunclu, from Latin fēnuculum (“fennel”), a diminutive of Latin fēnum (“hay”). Cognate of Portuguese funcho and Spanish hinojo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfjonɟo/ [ˈfjon.ɟʊ]
* Rhymes: -onɟo
* Hyphenation: fion‧llo

### Noun

fionllo m (plural fionllos)
* fennel (Foeniculum vulgare, a plant)
* fennel (bulb, leaves, or stalks eaten as a vegetable)
* fennel (spice used in cooking)

#### Derived terms

* Finllido
* Fiolleda

#### Related terms

* feo
* fiuncho do mar

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “feolleda”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “fionllo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
# wstrząśnięcie
## Polish
### Etymology

From wstrząsnąć +‎ -cie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fstʂɔw̃ɕˈɲɛɲ.t͡ɕɛ/, /fstʂɔɲɕˈɲɛɲ.t͡ɕɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɛɲt͡ɕɛ
* Syllabification: wstrząś‧nię‧cie

### Noun

wstrząśnięcie n
* verbal noun of wstrząsnąć
    Synonym: (archaic) wstrząśnienie

#### Declension
### Further reading

* wstrząśnięcie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# तिहार
## Nepali
### Etymology

Inherited from Apabhramsa तिहिवार (tihivāra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t̪i(ɦ)är]
* Phonetic Devanagari: तिहार्

### Proper noun

तिहार • (tihār)
* (Hinduism) Diwali; Tihar (a Hindu festival of lights)
    Synonym: दिपावली (dipāwalī)
    तिहारको दोस्रो दिन कुकुरहरूको पूजा गरिन्छ।
       tihārko dosro dina kukurharūko pūjā garincha.
       Dogs are worshipped on the second day of Tihar.

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*tithivāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 331
# folk medicine
## English
### Etymology

From folk (“believed or transmitted by the common people; not academically correct or rigorous”) +‎ medicine.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌfəʊk ˈmɛd(ɪ)s(ɪ)n/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˌfoʊk ˈmɛdəs(ə)n/
* Hyphenation: folk me‧di‧cine

### Noun

folk medicine (countable and uncountable, plural folk medicines)
* (uncountable) Traditional medical practices developed and used by non-physicians, typically involving customary homespun techniques and medicinal remedies derived from native plants.
    Synonym: indigenous medicine
    Holonyms: complementary medicine, integrative medicine, traditional medicine
** 1935 September 2, “Medicine: Chemotherapy”, in Time, retrieved 8 June 2014:He learned medicine and surgery "from executioners, bathkeepers, gypsies, midwives, and fortune tellers and incidentally acquired an unusual knowledge of folk-medicine and a permanent taste for low company."
** 2008 March 11, Eric Nagourney, “Nostrums: Aromatherapy Rarely Stands Up to Testing”, in New York Times, retrieved 8 June 2014:Aromatherapy is a big business, and its roots run deep in folk medicine.
* (countable) A particular medicinal remedy used in such traditional medical practices.
** 1996 August 2, Liz Hunt, “Flower-power remedy proves equal of anti-depressant drugs”, in The Independent, UK, retrieved 8 June 2014:A folk medicine traditionally used to treat depression is as effective as standard anti-depressant drugs and has fewer side-effects, according to a new study.

#### Alternative forms

* folk-medicine

#### Related terms

* herbal medicine
* medicine man
* medicine woman

#### See also

* nostrum

### Further reading

* traditional medicine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “folk-medicine, n.” under “folk, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2021.
* “folk medicine, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “folk medicine”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# Xantusiidae
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Etymology

Xantusia + -idae

### Proper noun

Xantusiidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Squamata – night lizards.

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Cricosaura, Lepidophyma, Xantusia – genera
# アキプ
## Ainu
### Alternative forms

* アㇰ (Hokkaido)
* アㇵカポ (Sakhalin)
* アキボ (Kuril)

### Noun

アキプ • (akipu)
* (Kuril) younger brother

### References

   * DYBOWSKI のシュムシュ島アイヌ語資料について（第1部） (DYBOWSKI No Shumushu Tō Ainu Go Shiryō Ni Tsuite (Dai 1 Bu), “On DYBOWSKI's Shumshu Island Ainu Language Materials (Part 1)”)‎ (in Japanese), Fukuoka: 村山七郎 (Murayama Shichirō), 1970 (Kuril)
# صباحي
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of صَبَاح (ṣabāḥ, “morning”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˤa.baː.ħijj/

### Adjective

صَبَاحِيّ • (ṣabāḥiyy) (feminine صَبَاحِيَّة (ṣabāḥiyya), masculine plural صَبَاحِيُّونَ (ṣabāḥiyyūna), feminine plural صَبَاحِيَّات (ṣabāḥiyyāt))
* matinal, matutinal, relating to the morning
    Synonym: صُبْحِيّ (ṣubḥiyy)
# għaġni
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːd͡ʒ.nɪ/
* IPA: /ˈaˤːd͡ʒ.nɪ/ (archaic)
* Rhymes: -aːd͡ʒnɪ, (archaic) -aˤːd͡ʒnɪ

### Adjective

għaġni (feminine singular għaġnija, plural għaġnin)
* doughlike
# згадка
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

By surface analysis, згада́ти (zhadáty) +‎ -ка (-ka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzɦadkɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

зга́дка • (zhádka) f pers (genitive зга́дки, nominative plural зга́дки or згадки́, genitive plural зга́док or згадо́к)
* mention [with про (pro, + accusative) ‘of something’]
** 2003 [1997], Віктор Морозов, transl., Гаррі Поттер і орден Фенікса, translation of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix by J.K. Rowling:При згадці про листа Герміона й Рон зиркнули на Гаррі.Pry zhadci pro lysta Hermiona j Ron zyrknuly na Harri.At the mention of a letter, Hermione and Ron looked at Harry.
* recollection, memory [with про (pro, + accusative) ‘of something’]
    Synonyms: спо́гад (spóhad), спо́мин (spómyn)
** 1958 [1859], Микола Дмитренко, transl., Морське вовченя, translation of The Boy Tar by Thomas Mayne Reid:Не встигла згадка про цих відважних людей промайнути в моїй голові, як я вирішив учинити так само.Ne vstyhla zhadka pro cyx vidvažnyx ljudej promajnuty v mojij holovi, jak ja vyrišyv učynyty tak samo.The recollection of these daring adventurers had scarcely crossed my mind, before I had formed the resolution to follow their example.

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “згадка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “згадка”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# still wine
## English
### Noun

still wine (countable and uncountable, plural still wines)
* A type of table wine, produced by a method of vinification that leaves it free from carbon dioxide and therefore not sparkling or effervescent.

#### Antonyms

* sparkling wine

#### Related terms

* still water

#### Translations
### References

* EU Wine regulations: Still Wine. Wine Standards Board October 2005.
# sea-bun
## English
### Noun

sea-bun (plural sea-buns)
* Synonym of heart urchin
# Seaview
## English
### Etymology

From sea +‎ view.

### Proper noun

Seaview
* A number of coastal settlements:
** A village in Nettlestone and Seaview parish, north-east Isle of Wight, England (OS grid ref SZ6291).
** A neighbourhood within Saint John, Saint John County, New Brunswick, Canada.
** A place in the United States:
*** A census-designated place in Hawaii County, Hawaii.
*** An unincorporated community in Northampton County, Virginia.
*** An unincorporated community in Pacific County, Washington.
*** A neighbourhood in West Seattle, Washington.
** A village in Nelson Mandela Bay metropolitan municipality, Eastern Cape province, South Africa.
** An industrial suburb of Lower Hutt, Wellington region, New Zealand.

### References

* ↑ NZ Topo Map
# fuonte
## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfwonte/ [ˈfwõn̪.t̪e]
* Rhymes: -onte
* Syllabification: fuon‧te

### Noun

fuonte f (plural fuontes)
* (Grau, Salas) Alternative form of fonte.

## Mirandese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Leonese fonte, from latin Latin fons m. Compare Asturian fonte f, Galician and Portuguese fonte f, and Spanish fuente f.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfwõ.tɨ/
* Hyphenation: fuon‧te

### Noun

fuonte f (plural fuontes)
* fountain
** 2005, Faustino Antão, “La bielha fuonte i la cántara [The old fountain and the jug]”, in Jornal Nordeste‎:Era ua beç ua fuonte que moraba ne l meio de l pobo i siempre gustou muito de bibir eili.Once upon a time there was a fountain that lived in the middle of the town and always liked to live there.

#### Derived terms

* Fuonte Aldé f
* Fuonte Lhadron f
* fuontes f
# reign of terror
## English
### Etymology

From the Reign of Terror that took place during the French Revolution.

### Noun

reign of terror (plural reigns of terror)
* (politics) A brutal period of political violence and intimidation in the wake of a popular revolution.
* (by extension) A period defined by tyranny and violation of rights without accountability for the party responsible.

#### Hyponyms

* red terror, Red Terror
* white terror, White Terror
# white terror
## English
### Etymology

By analogy with red terror, with the "white" Thermidorian Reaction against the "red" reign of terror.

### Noun

white terror (countable and uncountable, plural white terrors)
* (politics) Coordinated violence committed against (actual or imagined) socialists and their sympathizers.
    Antonym: red terror
** 1973 May 31, Nym Wales, “‘I Was Back in Peking’”, in The New York Times‎, sourced from MADISON, Conn., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on November 10, 2024, page 41‎:I looked out the window of the former Grand Hotel de Pekin and thought of the days before World War II when I waltzed there with assorted Nazi, fascist and Scandinavian diplomats. On the street the slow‐moving bicycles moved silently where once I listened to the shuffling pad‐pad of camels bringing coal from Mentoukou. On these streets on Dec. 9, 1935, desperate Peking students had declared war on all kinds of fascism (so had I) and marched to break the “white terror,” as they called it.
* (politics, Hong Kong) The erosion of democratic freedoms under Chinese rule.
# poczuł
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔ.t͡ʂuw/
* Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʂuw
* Syllabification: po‧czuł

### Verb

poczuł
* third-person singular masculine past of poczuć
# wstrzyknięcie
## Polish
### Etymology

From wstrzyknąć +‎ -cie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fstʂɘkˈɲɛɲ.t͡ɕɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛɲt͡ɕɛ
* Syllabification: wstrzyk‧nię‧cie

### Noun

wstrzyknięcie n
* verbal noun of wstrzyknąć

#### Declension
### Further reading

* wstrzyknięcie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ajkvn
## Mapudungun
### Verb

ajkvn (Raguileo spelling)
* to hear
* to listen

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
# кощрява
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From dialectal ко́стря (kóstrja, “to itch, to tingle, to cause irritation”) +‎ -ява (-java) with regular palatalization of the whole cluster -стр- + -j- > -штр-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [koʃˈtrʲa̟vɐ]

### Noun

кощря́ва • (koštrjáva) f
* foxtail, bristle grass (herb of genus Setaria)
* (figurative, derogatory) shrewish, obstinate, repugnant woman

#### Alternative forms

* кощра́ва (koštráva), кощре́ва (koštréva) — dialectal

#### Related terms

* костра́к (kostrák) (dialectal), косту́р (kostúr, “perch”)
* костре́ц (kostréc, “sow thistle”) (dialectal)

### References

* “кощрява”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “кощрява”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кощрява”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 698
# amucan
## Mapudungun
### Verb

amucan
* to travel
# apvmtukun
## Mapudungun
### Verb

apvmtukun (Raguileo spelling)
* to spend

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
# awkantun
## Mapudungun
### Verb

awkantun (Raguileo spelling)
* to play (games or sports)

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
# matsci
## English
### Noun

matsci (uncountable)
* Alternative spelling of mat sci.
# añelvn
## Mapudungun
### Verb

añelvn (Raguileo spelling)
* to threaten
    Synonyms: aheltun, ahelvn

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
# glutination
## English
### Etymology

From Latin glūtinō.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ɡluːtɪˈneɪʃən/

### Noun

glutination (usually uncountable, plural glutinations)
* (obsolete) A gluing together; a joining together with, or as though with, glue.
* (medicine, obsolete) Something that is used to close up a wound or join together the parts of a broken bone, torn vein, etc; the process of applying such a glutination to a wound.

#### Derived terms

* conglutination
* deglutination

### References

* John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “glutination”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
# ekun
## Mapudungun
### Verb

ekun (Raguileo spelling)
* to respect

## Nupe
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Gbari ekun, possibly related to Yoruba ogun.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ē.kũ̄/

#### Noun

ekun (plural ekunzhì)
* war

##### Derived terms

* ekungùn (“warring”)
* ekungùnci (“warrior”)
* kùngun (“to fight a war”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ē.kṹ/

#### Noun

ekún (plural ekúnzhì)
* corpse

## Nzadi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *dʊ̀kʊ́nì.

### Noun

ekûn (uncountable)
* firewood

### Further reading

* Crane, Thera, Larry Hyman, Simon Nsielanga Tukumu (2011) A grammar of Nzadi [B.865]: a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, →ISBN
# Mirga
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɪrɡa]

### Proper noun

Mirga m anim (female equivalent Mirgová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Mirga”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

## Lithuanian
### Proper noun

Mirga f
* a female given name

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmirɡa]

### Proper noun

Mirga m pers (female equivalent Mirgová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Mirga”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# eñumalvn
## Mapudungun
### Verb

eñumalvn (Raguileo spelling)
* to heat

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.