# 麻雀
## Chinese

* 麻雀

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): máquè
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˊ ㄑㄩㄝˋ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): mácho̊q
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maa$^4$ zoek$^3$ / maa$^4$ zoek$^{3-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ma$^3$ diak$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ma$^4$ jioh
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mà-chiok
    (Hailu, HRS): ma ziog
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ma$^2$ jiog$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ma$^1$ qiau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): mà-chiók
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ma$^2$ cyoh$^6$ / ma$^2$ cyeh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bâ-chhiok / mâ-chhiok / mâ-chhiak / môa-chhiak / môa-chhiok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mua$^5$ ziaoh$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Shanghai): $^6$mo-chiaq; $^6$mo-ciaq
** (Jinhua): $^2$moea-tsi$_{7R}$; $^2$moea-tsinn$_{7R}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: máquè
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊ ㄑㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mácyuè
*** Wade–Giles: ma$^2$-chʻüeh$^4$
*** Yale: má-chywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: machiueh
*** Palladius: мацюэ (macjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /mä³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: mácho̊q [Phonetic: mǎcho̊q]
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): ma$^2$ choq$^5$ [Phonetic: ma$^3$ choq$^5$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ma²⁴⁻¹¹ ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maa$^4$ zoek$^3$ / maa$^4$ zoek$^{3-2}$
*** Yale: màh jeuk / màh jéuk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maa$^4$ dzoek$^8$ / maa$^4$ dzoek$^{8-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ma$^4$ zêg$^3$ / ma$^4$ zêg$^{3-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³/, /maː²¹ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^3$ diak$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵐba²² tiak̚⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^4$ jioh
*** Sinological IPA : /ma³⁵ t͡ɕiɔʔ²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mà-chiok
*** Hakka Romanization System: ma$^ˇ$ jiog$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ma$^2$ jiog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ma¹¹ t͡si̯ok̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ma ziog
*** Sinological IPA: /ma⁵⁵ t͡siok⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ma$^2$ jiog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ma¹¹ t͡siɔk̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^1$ qiau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ma¹¹ t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mà-chiók
*** Sinological IPA : /ma⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡sʰ-)}$ʒuɔʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ma$^2$ cyoh$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: má-chio̤h
*** Sinological IPA : /ma¹³ t͡sʰyɒʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ma$^2$ cyeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ma¹³ t͡sʰyøʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bâ-chhiok
*** Tâi-lô: bâ-tshiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bachiog
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ba²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Singapore): /ba²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ba²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ba²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan, Penang, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mâ-chhiok
*** Tâi-lô: mâ-tshiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: machiog
*** IPA (Taipei): /mã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Singapore): /ma²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Penang): /ma²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /mã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /mã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mâ-chhiak
*** Tâi-lô: mâ-tshiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: machiag
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /mã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: môa-chhiak
*** Tâi-lô: muâ-tshiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: moachiag
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiak̚³²/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /muã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiak̚³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: môa-chhiok
*** Tâi-lô: muâ-tshiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: moachiog
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /muã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Singapore): /mua²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /muã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mua$^5$ ziaoh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: muâ tsiauh
*** Sinological IPA : /mua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siauʔ²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$mo-chiaq; $^6$mo-ciaq
*** MiniDict: mo$^去$ chiah; mo$^去$ ciah
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$mo-qiaq; $^3$mo-jiaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²² t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴⁴/, /mo²² t͡ɕiaʔ⁴⁴/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^2$moea-tsi$_{7R}$; $^2$moea-tsinn$_{7R}$
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /mɤa³³ t͡si⁵⁵/, /mɤa³³ t͡sĩ⁵⁵/

### Noun

麻雀
* sparrow (any member of the Passer genus), especially the tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
* (dialectal, including Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min, Eastern Min, Pinghua) mahjong
    Alternative forms: 蔴雀, 麻鵲 / 麻鹊
* (Nanjing Mandarin, euphemistic) penis

#### Usage notes

麻雀 was the original name of the game of mahjong, and this term is retained in many southern dialects. However, the name in modern standard Mandarin is 麻將／麻将 (májiàng).

#### Synonyms

* (sparrow):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 雀 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 麻雀 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 麻雀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 家雀兒, 老家賊, 老家子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 麻雀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 家照兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 家雀兒, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 家雀兒, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 老家子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 家雀, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 家雀兒, 老家賊, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 家雀兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 麻雀 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 家雀兒, 老家賊 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 老家 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 家雀兒, 家雀子, 家雀 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 家雀兒, 雀兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 家雀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 飛蟲 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 雀兒, 麻雀兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 小老雀兒, 老雀兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 麻雀子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 麻雀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 麻雀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 雀兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 麻雀子, 乾頭麻雀子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 麻雀, 家麻雀, 麻雀子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 麻雀, 瓦雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 小雀, 穀雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 麻雀, 麻雀鳥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 瓦雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 麻雀兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 麻䨂子, 麻雀子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 麻雀兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 麻雀, 禾花雀, 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 禾雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 胡雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 禾雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻雀, 麻鷝 Qishi |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 禾雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 麻雀, 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 禾雀仔, 禾鷝仔 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 禾雀仔, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 麻雀, 馬騮兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 禾穀仔 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 麻甩仔 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 麻乜 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 麻雀仔, 禾穀雀 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 麻啲, 禾穀雀 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 麻啲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 麻雀 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 奸雀子, 奸雀, 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 禾接 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 麻雀, 麻雀鳥仔, 麻雀仔 |
| Gan | Guixi | 麻雀鳥仂 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 麻雀, 麻雀仔, 禾花雀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 禾烈 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 麻雀哎 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 鵝鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 禾雀, 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Changting | 禾鷝子, 麻鷝雀哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 禾雀鳥 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 禾鷝子, 禾雀仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 禾鷝子, 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 禾雀, 禾雀子 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 麻鳥哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屋角鳥, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 禾鷝仔, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 麻雀, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 屋角鳥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 瓦雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 瓦雀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 必子鳥, 屋檐鳥, 屋角鳥 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 禾鷝仔, 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 麻雀子 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 瓦筒雀 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 瓦鷝子 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 瓦雀子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 穀鷝子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 鳥子 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 麻尾鳥 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 麻麥鳥 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Senai (Hepo) | 麻雀, 禾鷝 dated |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 麻雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 米𪇹兒 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 米雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 麻雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 童梁, 童梁鳥, 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 麻雀鳥 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 雀兒, 家雀兒, 麻雀 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 雀兒, 土雀兒, 老家雀 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 飛鳥兒, 小雀兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 老家子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 麻雀, 老家子 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 老家子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 家雀兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 小蟲兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 毛隻仔, 隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 黃鷝仔 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 雀鳥仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 隻鳥仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 雀鳥 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 禾隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 禾味仔, 隻仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 隻隻, 隻囝 suburban |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 隻隻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 隻鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 王鴓 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 粟鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 鸕鴓 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 麻鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 隻隻 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 粟鳥, 雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 粟鳥仔, 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 麻鳥賊仔, 麻鳥賊 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 松鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 厝鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 厝角鳥, 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 粟鳥仔, 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 杙鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 厝角鳥, 厝鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 厝角鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 粟仔鳥, 麻雀鳥 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 粟鳥仔, 粟鳥, 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 檐賓仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 雀暝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鳥囝, 雀囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 雀囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 碧隻囝 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 麻雀仔, 百家鷂, 禾穀仔 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 斑雀仔 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 雀仔 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 麻鳥, 禾花雀 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 偷飯雀, 麻鷝雀, 麻雀 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 麻鳥 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 八哥鳥 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 食穀鳥 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 禾鷝 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 麻雀, 麻將鳥, 麻將 dated, 麻鳥 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 麻雀 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 麻雀, 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 麻雀, 麻雀雀, 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 麻雀兒, 雀兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 麻將 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 雀兒, 吃穀雀兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 麻雀兒, 麻雀 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 麻雀兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 麻雀子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 麻賊子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 麻雀子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 麻雀 |
* (mahjong):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 麻將, 骨牌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 麻將, 方城戲 humorous, 竹城戲 humorous |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 麻將, 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 麻將牌, 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 麻將, 骨牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 麻雀, 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 麻雀, 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 麻雀 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 麻將 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 麻將 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 麻將 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 麻將, 貫索牌子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 麻將 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 麻將 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 麻將 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 麻將 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Datong | 麻架 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 麻架 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 麻將 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 麻將 |
| Jin | Linhe | 麻架 |
| Jin | Jining | 麻架, 麻將 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 麻架 |
| Jin | Baotou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 麻將 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 麻架 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Handan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Suide | 麻將 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 雀牌 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 麻雀 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 麻將 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 麻雀 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 麻鳥 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 麻雀, 麻雀牌, 麻將 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Danyang | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 麻將 |

#### Derived terms

* 打麻雀 (dǎ máquè)
* 拍麻雀
* 湊麻雀 / 凑麻雀
* 跋麻雀
* 麻雀子
* 麻雀子仔
* 麻雀桌
* 麻雀檯 / 麻雀台
* 麻雀蓆 / 麻雀席
* 麻雀館 / 麻雀馆 (máquèguǎn)
* 麻雀骹

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 마작(麻雀) (majak, “mahjong”)
Others:
* Wutunhua: macio
* → Burmese: မာကျောက် (ma-kyauk, “mahjong”)
* → Dutch: matjok (“Surinamese variant of mahjong”)
* → Japanese: 麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (mājan) (orthographic)
* → Vietnamese: mạt chược (“mahjong”)
* → Zhuang: mazcoz (“mahjong”)

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “麻雀”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* “麻雀”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “Entry #11971”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “麻雀”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 374.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 麻 | 雀 |
| マー Grade: S | ジャン Jinmeiyō |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spelling
* 麻将 (rare)

### Etymology

First attested around the late Meiji period.
Borrowed from Mandarin 麻將 / 麻将 (májiàng).
The kanji form is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 麻雀 (máquè, literally “sparrow”), the original name for the game that is retained in some southern Chinese dialects.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) マージャン [màájáń] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) マージャン [máꜜàjàǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ma̠ːʑã̠ɴ]

### Noun

麻(マー)雀(ジャン) • (mājan)
* mahjong

#### Usage notes

Usually refers exclusively to the Japanese variation, also known as 立直麻雀 (rīchi mājan). See Japanese Mahjong on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

#### Derived terms

* 雀(ジャン)士(し) (janshi)
* 雀(ジャン)荘(そう) (jansō)
* 脱(だつ)衣(い)麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (datsui mājan)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 麻 | 雀 |

### Noun

麻雀 • (majak) (hangeul 마작)
* hanja form of 마작 (“mahjong”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 麻 | 雀 |

### Noun

麻雀
* chữ Hán form of mạt chược (“mahjong”).