# thusa
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish tussu. By surface analysis, thú +‎ -sa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhusˠə/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈhɨsˠə/

### Pronoun

thusa
* emphatic form of thú
    you (singular), thou, thee

#### Related terms

* tusa

#### See also

$^L$ Triggers lenition   $^E$ Triggers eclipsis   $^H$ Triggers h-prothesis
$^1$ Also used as the vocative
The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun. For instance, "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 103, page 41

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “thusa”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “thusa”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “thusa”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀣𑀼𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* थुस (Devanagari script)
* থুস (Bengali script)
* ථුස (Sinhalese script)
* ထုသ (Burmese script)
* ถุส or ถุสะ (Thai script)
* ᨳᩩᩈ (Tai Tham script)
* ຖຸສ or ຖຸສະ (Lao script)
* ថុស (Khmer script)
* 𑄗𑄪𑄥 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit तुष (tuṣa).

### Noun

thusa m
* chaff
* husk of grain
** c. 500 BC, Digha Nikaya: Pathika-vagga, published c. 50 BC, အဂ္ဂည မေထုနဓမ္မသမာစာရ [aggañña methunadhammasamācāra]; republished as ဆဋ္ဌသင်္ဂီတိပိဋကံ သုတ္တန္တပိဋကေ ဒီဃနိကာယေ ပါထိကဝဂ္ဂပါဠိ [chaṭṭhasaṅgītipiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭake dīghanikāye pāthikavaggapāḷi, Sixth Council Tipitaka: Sutta Pitaka: Digha Nikaya: Pathika-vagga-->]‎, 2010 AD, page 75 (၇၅):အထ ကဏောပိ တဏ္ဍုလံ ပရိယောနန္ဓိ၊ ထုသောပိ တဏ္ဍုလံ ပရိယောနန္ဓိ၊ လူနမ္ပိ နပ္ပဋိဝိရူဠ္ဟံ၊ အပဒါနံ ပညာယိတ္ထ၊ သဏ္ဍသဏ္ဍာ သာလယော အဋ္ဌံသု။atha kaṇopi taṇḍulaṃ pariyonandhi. thusopi taṇḍulaṃ pariyonandhi. lūnampi nappaṭivirūḷhaṃ. apadānaṃ paññāyittha. saṇḍasaṇḍā sālayo aṭṭhaṃsu.The rice grains became wrapped in powder and husk, it didn’t grow back after reaping, leaving a trace showing, and the rice stood in clumps.(Translation by Ajahn Sujato)

#### Declension
### References

* 1 2 Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 505.

### Further reading

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “thusa”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

By surface analysis, thu +‎ -sa. From Old Irish tussu. Cognates include Irish tusa and Manx tuss.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈus̪ə/
* (Barra) IPA: [ˈus̪ʌ]

### Pronoun

thusa (unlenited tusa)
* (emphatic) thou, you (singular)

#### See also

$^1$ Used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh. $^2$ sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns. To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

## Sotho
### Verb

thusa
* to help

#### Descendants

* → Phuthi: -thûsa

## Southern Ndebele
### Verb

-thúsa
* to frighten, to scare

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-thúsa
* (transitive) to frighten

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Verb

-thúsa
* (intransitive) to startle, to surprise
* (intransitive) to frighten, to scare, to shock

#### Inflection
### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thusa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thusa (3.9)”