# handel
## Danish
### Etymology

From Low German handel. Related to handle, which see.

### Noun

handel
* commerce, trading
* (countable) trade
    Vi gennemførte en handel med dem.We conducted a trade with them.

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “handel” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Etymology 1

Deverbal of handelen. First attested in the 16th c.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɦɑn.dəl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: han‧del
* Rhymes: -ɑndəl
* Homophone: Handel

#### Noun

handel m (uncountable, diminutive handeltje n)
* trade (activity of trading)
    De handel tussen de twee landen bloeit. ― The trade between the two countries is flourishing.
    Hij is betrokken bij de internationale handel van elektronische goederen. ― He is involved in the international trade of electronic goods.
* business, company (commercial entity)
    Synonyms: bedrijf, toko, zaak
    Ze runnen een succesvolle handel in luxeartikelen. ― They run a successful business in luxury goods.
    Het is een familiebedrijf en ze zijn al generaties lang in de handel. ― It's a family-owned company and they have been in the trade for generations.
* shop, store (merchant's business)
    Synonyms: toko, winkel
    De handel aan de overkant van de straat heeft verse groenten en fruit. ― The shop across the street has fresh vegetables and fruits.
    Hij heeft een kleine handel in souvenirs voor toeristen. ― He has a small store selling souvenirs for tourists.
* goods, things
    Hij liet de hele handel op de grond vallen. ― He dropped everything on the floor.
* (uncountable) any collective or collection; stuff, lot, crowd, whole shebang
    Stelletje criminelen! Oppakken die handel! ― Bunch of criminals! Arrest the lot!

##### Derived terms

* aandelenhandel
* actiehandel
* beurshandel
* boekhandel
* detailhandel
* drugshandel
* emissiehandel
* flitshandel
* geldhandel
* graanhandel
* groothandel
* handelaar
* handelsbetrekking
* handelsbeurs
* handelsblok
* handelsembargo
* handelsgeest
* handelsgemeenschap
* handelsgenoot
* handelsgewas
* handelsmerk
* handelsmissie
* handelsnederzetting
* handelsoorlog
* handelspartner
* handelspost
* handelssanctie
* handelsschip
* handelsstad
* handelsvaart
* handelsverdrag
* handelsverkeer
* handelsvloot
* handelsvolk
* handelswaar
* kinderhandel
* kleinhandel
* koehandel
* koeienhandel
* koophandel
* kunsthandel
* kusthandel
* lakenhandel
* langeafstandshandel
* mensenhandel
* morshandel
* rivierhandel
* slavenhandel
* sluikhandel
* vrijhandel
* wapenhandel
* windhandel
* zeehandel

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: handel
* → Caribbean Javanese: andel
* → Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦭ꧀ (handhel)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

handel
* inflection of handelen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### Anagrams

* halend

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

handel
* inflection of handeln:
** first-person singular present
** singular imperative

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch hendel, handel (“handle”), from English handle, from Middle English handel, handle, from Old English handle (“a handle”), from handlian (“to handle, feel, deal with, discuss”). Doublet of hendel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhan.dəl/
* Rhymes: -dəl
* Hyphenation: han‧dêl

### Noun

handel
* handle (the part of an object which is (designed to be) held in the hand when used or moved)
    Synonyms: hendel, pegangan

### Further reading

* “handel” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

handel m (definite singular handelen, indefinite plural handler, definite plural handlene)
* trade (buying and selling of goods and services)
* a shop

#### Synonyms

* butikk (shop)

#### Derived terms

* bokhandel
* byttehandel
* detaljhandel
* frihandel
* grensehandel
* handelsavtale
* handelsbalanse
* handelsflåte
* handelsfolk
* handelsmann
* handelsmessig
* handelsnasjon
* handelspark
* handelspost
* handelsrute
* handelsskip
* menneskehandel
* pelshandel
* slavehandel
* utenlandshandel

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

handel m (definite singular handelen, indefinite plural handlar, definite plural handlane)
* trade (as above)
* a shop

#### Synonyms

* butikk (shop)

#### Derived terms

* bokhandel
* detaljhandel
* frihandel
* grensehandel
* handelsavtale
* handelsbalanse
* handelsflåte
* handelsfolk
* handelsmann
* handelsmessig
* handelsnasjon
* handelspark
* handelspost
* handelsrute
* handelsskip
* menneskehandel
* pelshandel
* slavehandel

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* andel (Middle Polish)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Handel. First attested in 1538.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxan.dɛl/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈxan.dɛl/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -andɛl
* Syllabification: han‧del

### Noun

handel m inan (diminutive handelek, related adjective handlowy)
* (business, trading) trade (buying and selling of goods and services on a market) [with instrumental ‘in what’]
    Synonyms: kupiectwo, obrót
* (archaic) small restaurant next to a wine storage (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
* (obsolete) warehouse (place for storing large amounts of products)
    Synonym: magazyn
* (obsolete, colloquial, humorous) streetside junk trader (person who trades in junk by the street)
* (Middle Polish) store; stand
* (Middle Polish) commodity (that which is traded)
    Synonym: towar
* (Middle Polish) trade (making transactions, activity, conduct, occupation, profession; enterprise, business, matter)

#### Derived terms

* handel wymienny
* handlarka
* handlarz
* handlować impf

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), handel is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 16 times in scientific texts, 33 times in news, 38 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 93 times, making it the 678th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “handel”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* ↑ Mańczak, Witold (2017) “handel”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
* ↑ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “handel”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “handel”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “handel”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa (2021) “handel”, in Wielki słownik etymologiczno-historyczny języka polskiego, →ISBN
* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “handel”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “handel”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “handel”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 142

### Further reading

* handel in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* handel in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* “HANDEL”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 16.06.2023
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “handel”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “handel”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “handel”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 12

## Silesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Handel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxan.dɛl/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -andɛl
* Syllabification: han‧del

### Noun

handel m inan
* (economics) trade (buying and selling of goods and services on a market)

#### Derived terms

* handlyrka
* handlyrz
* handlować impf

#### Related terms

* handlyrski
* handlyrzōw

### Further reading

* handel in silling.org

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Low German handel, ultimately related to hand.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

handel c
* trade, commerce; the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services
    frihandel ― free trade
    kaffehandeln ― the coffee trade
* a store
    bokhandel ― bookstore
    kaffehandeln ― the coffee store

#### Related terms

* aktiehandel
* andelshandel
* antikhandel
* antikvitetshandel
* avlatshandel
* barnsexhandel
* begagnathandel
* beklädnadshandel
* bilhandel
* blomsterhandel
* bokhandel
* byteshandel
* börshandel
* dagligvaruhandel
* detaljhandel
* diamanthandel
* diversehandel
* droghandel
* e-handel
* eftermiddagshandel
* elektronikhandel
* elfenbenshandel
* fackhandel
* fiskhandel
* frihandel
* fröhandel
* färghandel
* grosshandel
* gränshandel
* grönsakshandel
* gårdfarihandel
* handelsavtal
* handelsbod
* handelsbolag
* handelscentrum
* handelsdepartement
* handelsembargo
* handelsfartyg
* handelsflagga
* handelsflotta
* handelsflykt
* handelsförbindelse
* handelsföretag
* handelshinder
* handelshus
* handelshögskola
* handelsinstitut
* handelskammare
* handelskompani
* handelsled
* handelsman
* handelsminister
* handelsmonopol
* handelsnamn
* handelsplats
* handelspolitik
* handelspolitisk
* handelsresande
* handelsrätt
* handelsskepp
* handelsstad
* handelsstation
* handelsträdgård
* handelsutbyte
* handelsvara
* handelsväg
* handla
* haschhandel
* inrikeshandel
* insiderhandel
* internethandel
* julhandel
* järnhandel
* klädeshandel
* klädhandel
* knarkhandel
* kohandel
* kokainhandel
* kolonialhandel
* konsthandel
* kreaturshandel
* kvinnohandel
* könshandel
* lanthandel
* leksakshandel
* livsmedelshandel
* lumphandel
* minuthandel
* misshandel
* människohandel
* narkotikahandel
* näthandel
* organhandel
* pappershandel
* partihandel
* pälshandel
* q-handel
* sexhandel
* skeppshandel
* skohandel
* skrothandel
* slavhandel
* spannmålshandel
* sporthandel
* statshandel
* svartabörshandel
* svarthandel
* sällanköpshandel
* taxfreehandel
* terminshandel
* textilhandel
* tobakshandel
* torghandel
* transitohandel
* trävaruhandel
* utlandshandel
* utrikeshandel
* utsläppshandel
* valutahandel
* vapenhandel
* vilthandel
* värdepappershandel
* världshandel

### Further reading

* handel in Svensk ordbok.