# pain
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English peyne, payne, from Old French and Anglo-Norman peine, paine, from Latin poena (“punishment, pain”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “bloodmoney, weregild, fine, price paid, penalty”), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ (“payment”) (whence also Proto-Slavic *cěnà (“price”)).
Doublet of peine. Compare Danish pine, Norwegian Bokmål pine, German Pein, Dutch pijn, Afrikaans pyn. See also pine (the verb). Partly displaced native Old English sār (whence Modern English sore).

#### Alternative forms

* paine (obsolete)

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: pān, IPA: /peɪn/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪn
* (pain-pane merger) Homophone: pane

#### Noun

pain (countable and uncountable, plural pains)
* (countable and uncountable) An ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pain
    Antonyms: pleasure; see also Thesaurus:pleasure
    The greatest difficulty lies in treating patients with chronic pain.
    I had to stop running when I started getting pains in my feet.
** (now usually in the plural) The pangs or sufferings of childbirth, caused by contractions of the uterus.
*** 1951 February, Forrest H. Howard, “The Physiologic Position for Delivery”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 2, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 99:When the pains are every five minutes and quite strong or the cervix is five cm. dilated along with regular and strong pains, the mother is given a block anesthesia of 1 cc. of 1:200 nupercaine, 1 cc. of 10 per cent dextrose with .05 cc. of 1:1000 adrenalin.
* (uncountable) The condition or fact of suffering or anguish especially mental, as opposed to pleasure; torment; distress
    Synonyms: anguish; see also Thesaurus:distress
    In the final analysis, pain is a fact of life.
    The pain of departure was difficult to bear.
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XIV, page 22:And I should tell him all my pain, ⁠And how my life had droop’d of late, ⁠And he should sorrow o’er my state And marvel what possess’d my brain; […]
* (countable, from pain in the neck) An annoying person or thing.
    Synonyms: pest; see also Thesaurus:nuisance
    Your mother is a right pain.
** 2024 April 17, “Rural railways: do they deliver?”, in RAIL, number 1007, page 58:Today is match day, Grimsby Town are at home, and the ground is walking distance from New Clee station. So, visiting football supporters coming by train have to change at Grimsby Town [station]. That's a real pain.
* (uncountable, dated) Suffering inflicted as punishment or penalty.
    You may not leave this room on pain of death.
** 1629, Francis Bacon, An Advertisement Touching a Holy War:We will, by way of mulct or pain, lay it upon him.
** 1690, [John] Dryden, Don Sebastian, King of Portugal: […], London: […] Jo. Hindmarsh, […], →OCLC, Act IV, page 105:Seb[astian]. […] [M]y duty, then, / To interpoſe; on pain of my diſpleasure, / Betwixt your Swords[.] / Dor[ax]. On pain of Infamy / He ſhould have diſobey'd.
* (chiefly in the plural) Labour; effort; great care or trouble taken in doing something.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:work

##### Hyponyms

    The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
* agony
* anguish
* pang
* neuropathic pain
* nociceptive pain
* phantom pain
* psychogenic pain

##### Derived terms

* after-pain
* back pain
* central pain syndrome
* complex regional pain syndrome
* congenital insensitivity to pain
* feeling no pain
* feel no pain
* feel someone's pain
* growing pains
* hunger pain
* hunger-pain
* in a world of pain
* labour pain, labor pain
* man-pain
* nociplastic pain
* no gain without pain
* no pain, no gain
* on pain of, under pain of, upon pain of
* pain and suffering
* pain compliance
* pain disorder
* pain-free
* pain in one's arse
* pain in one's ass
* pain in the arse
* pain in the ass
* pain in the back
* pain in the backside
* pain in the bum
* pain in the butt
* pain in the keister
* pain in the neck
* pain in the patootie
* pain in the rear
* painkiller
* pain killer
* painless
* pain-making
* pain point
* pain-racked
* pain relief
* pain-relieving
* pain score
* painsomnia
* pain threshold
* painy
* patella femoral pain syndrome
* patellofemoral pain syndrome
* period pain
* referred pain
* royal pain
* saddle pain
* sharp short-lived head pain
* weather pains

##### Related terms

* pained
* painful
* painfully
* painless
* painlessly
* painlessness

##### Collocations

* mild, moderate, severe, intense, excruciating, debilitating, acute, chronic, sharp, dull, burning, steady, throbbing, stabbing, spasmodic, etc.

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

pain (third-person singular simple present pains, present participle paining, simple past and past participle pained)
* (transitive) To hurt; to put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment; to torture.
    Synonyms: afflict, hurt; see also Thesaurus:hurt
    The wound pained him.
* (transitive) To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to distress; to grieve.
    Synonyms: afflict, torment; see also Thesaurus:vex
    It pains me to say that I must let you go.
* (transitive, obsolete) To inflict suffering upon as a penalty; to punish.
* (intransitive, India) To feel pain; to hurt.
    Synonyms: ache, suffer; see also Thesaurus:suffer
    Please help me, I am paining hard.
** 2001, Sarah Caldwell, quoting C. Choondal, “Waves of Beauty, Rivers of Blood: Constructing the Goddess in Kerala”, in Tracy Pintchman, editor, Seeking Mahādevī: Constructing the Identities of the Hindu Great Goddess, page 104:Oh my head is aching, oh Lord Damodara [Visnu], give me "kazhi". The neck is paining, oh Lord Kamadeva give me relief. My chest is paining, oh Lord Madhava, give me relief.
** 2009, Nithyananda Paramahamsa, Bliss Is the Goal and the Path, page 124:A lady visited the doctor, a general physician and complained of a lot of pain. The doctor asked her where she experienced pain. The lady touched her right knee and said, 'It is paining here doctor.' Then she touched her stomach and said, 'It is paining here too doctor.'

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English payn (“a kind of pie with a soft crust”), from Old French pain (“bread”).

#### Noun

pain (plural pains)
* (obsolete, cooking) Any of various breads stuffed with a filling.
    gammon pain; Spanish pain

### References

* “pain”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “pain”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “pain”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* APNI, NIPA, PANI, nipa, pian, pina, piña

## Bilbil
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pain
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

## Champenois
### Alternative forms

* (Rémois) panlle

### Etymology

Inherited from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /pɛ̃/

### Noun

pain m (plural pains)
* (Troyen, Langrois) bread

### References

* Daunay, Jean (1998) Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎ (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
* Baudoin, Alphonse (1885) Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎ (in French), Troyes

## Finnish
### Noun

pain
* inflection of pai:
** genitive singular
** instructive plural

### Anagrams

* apin, pani, pian

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French pain, from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛ̃/
* Audio (France):(file)
* (Meridional French) IPA: /pɛŋ/
* Audio (France, Avignon):(file)
* Homophones: pains, peins, peint, peints, pin, pins

### Noun

pain m (plural pains)
* bread
* piece of bread
* food
** 1830 Juvénal, Les Satires, translated into French verse by Barré de Jallais
    Sa nudité déplaît, sa détresse importune, / Et tous les jours, hélas ! à tout le monde en vain / Il demande une chambre, un habit et du pain.His nudity embarrasses, his distress importunes, / And every day, alas! from everyone in vain / He asks for a bedroom, clothes and food.
* bread-and-butter needs, basic sustenance; breadwinner
** 1830 Juvénal, Les Satires, translated into French verse by Barré de Jallais
    Ce danseur, déployant une jambe soigneuse / À tenir l’équilibre, et la corde douteuse, / Trouve dans son talent des habits et du pain, / Et son art lui subjugue et le froid et la faim : […](please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (informal) punch (a hit with the fist)
** 2006, Maurice Léger, Moi, Antoinette Védrines, thanatopractrice et pilier de rugby, Publibook:J’étais redescendue dare-dare, bien décidée à lui mettre un pain dans la tronche.I had gone back down quickly, determined to give him a punch in the face.
* a block (of ice, of salt, of soap …) with the shape and size of bread
* (slang, music) mistake during a performance (false note, forgot an intro, wrong solo, …)

#### Derived terms

* arbre à pain
* avoir du pain sur la planche
* avoir le pain et le couteau
* bon comme du bon pain
* bouchée de pain
* ça ne mange pas de pain
* couteau à pain
* être au pain et à l’eau
* four à pain
* gagne-pain
* grille-pain
* long comme un jour sans pain
* manger son pain blanc
* ne pas manger de ce pain-là
* né pour un petit pain
* pain à cacheter
* pain à la grecque
* pain au chocolat
* pain au lait
* pain aux raisins
* pain azyme
* pain bénit
* pain bis
* pain blanc
* pain brioché
* pain bûcheron
* pain complet
* pain crestou
* pain de campagne
* pain de méteil
* pain de mie
* pain de sucre
* pain de viande
* pain doré
* pain d’épices; pain d’épice
* pain épi
* pain eucharistique
* pain fantaisie
* pain grillé
* pain melon
* pain Napoléon
* pain noir
* pain perdu
* pain pita
* pain polka
* pain suédois
* pain surprise
* pain tabouna
* pain viennois
* panasserie
* pané
* paner
* panetière
* panière
* panure
* petit pain
* planche à pain
* retirer le pain de la bouche

#### Related terms

* panier

#### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: pen
* Karipúna Creole French: djipẽ
* → Farefare: pãanɛ
* ⇒ Khmer: នំប៉័ង (num pang)
* → Xârâcùù: pêê

### Further reading

* “pain”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* pina

## Gedaged
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pain
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
* ABVD
* Gedaged Bible translation, Genesis 1:27: Tamol pain mai inaulak.

## Matukar
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pain
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

## Middle French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French pain, from Latin pānis, pānem.

### Noun

pain m (plural pains)
* bread

#### Descendants

* French: pain (see there for further descendants)

### References

* pain on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

## Norman
### Alternative forms

* pôin (Guernsey)

### Etymology

From Old French pain.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Jersey):(file)

### Noun

pain m (plural pains)
* (Jersey) bread
** 1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore‎, page 538:Où est qu'ill y a un cardon ch'est du pain; où est qu'ill y a du laitron, ch'est la faim.Where thistles grow there will be bread; where the sow-thistle grows it is famine.

#### Derived terms

* gângne-pain (“breadwinner”)
* pain d'êpice (“gingerbread”)
* p'tit pain (“roll”)

## Old French
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin pānis, pānem.

### Noun

pain oblique singular, m (oblique plural painz, nominative singular painz, nominative plural pain)
* bread

#### Descendants

* Middle French: pain
** French: pain (see there for further descendants)
* Norman: pain, pôin (Guernsey)
* Walloon: pwin, pan
* → Middle English: payn, pain, paine, payn, pein
** English: pain (obsolete)

## Ronji
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pain
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *paən (cf. Bikol Central paon and Gorontalo paalo).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈpaʔin/ [ˈpaː.ʔɪn̪]
* Rhymes: -aʔin
* Syllabification: pa‧in

### Noun

pain (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜁᜈ᜔)
* bait (for catching fish, rats, etc.)
* decoy
* nest egg

#### Derived terms

* ipain
* kumagat sa pain

### Further reading

* “pain”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* nipa

## Wab
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

### Noun

pain
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)