# indah
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦃ (indah), from Old Javanese indah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈindah/
* Hyphenation: in‧dah

### Adjective

indah (superlative terindah, equative seindah)
* beautiful
    Synonyms: cantik, elok

#### Derived terms

* keindahan
* memperindah
* memperindahkan
* pengindahan

### Verb

indah (benefactive indahkan)
* (intransitive) to care, to pay attention
    Synonyms: peduli, perhatikan

### Further reading

* “indah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Alternative forms

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦃ |
| Pegon | |
| Roman | indah |

### Etymology

From Old Javanese indah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈīn.dɑːh]
* Hyphenation: in‧dah

### Verb

indah
* hear, listen

### Adjective

indah
* being different, extraordinary beauty

#### Related terms

* endah (Old Javanese)

#### Descendants

* Banyumasan: indah
* → Betawi: indah
* → Indonesian: indah
* → Malay: indah

### References

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “indah”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN

## Malay
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦃ (indah), from Old Javanese indah.

### Adjective

indah (Jawi spelling اينده)
* beautiful, lovely, attractive, fine, precious
    indah permai ― very beautiful

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* pengindah (“beautifier”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* pengindahan (“beautification”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
* keindahan (“beauty”) [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* indah-indah [reduplication] (redup)
* seindah (“as beautiful as”) [comparability] (se-)
* perindah (“to decorate”) [causative passive] (peR-)
* memperindah (“to embellish”) [causative passive + agent focus] (peR- + meN-)
* diperindah (“to be beautified”) [causative passive + patient focus] (peR- + di-)
* indahkan (“to treat or regard as precious”) [causative benefactive] (-kan)
* indahi [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
* mengindahkan (“to beautify”) [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* diindahkan (“to be beautified”) [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
* terindah (“the most beautiful”) [agentless action] (teR-)

### Further reading

* “indah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈīn.dɑːh]
* Hyphenation: in‧dah

### Verb

indah
* hear, listen

### Adjective

indah
* being different, extraordinary beauty

#### Related terms

* endah

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦃ (indah)
** Banyumasan: indah
* ⇒ Betawi: indah
* ⇒ Indonesian: indah
* ⇒ Malay: indah
* Osing: indah
* Tengger: indah

### References

* P.J. Zoetmulder, S.O. Robson (1982) Old Javanese-English Dictionary, Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff: “hear! listen! (in addressing gods and persons of high rank) / out of the ordinary, unusual, extraordinary, striking, astounding, extraordinarily beautiful (etc); it is amazing!”