# 旗

| 旗 | U+65D7, &#26071; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65D7 |
| ← 旖 [U+65D6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 旘 → [U+65D8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

旗 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人廿金 (YSOTC), four-corner 0828$_1$, composition ⿸𭤨其)

#### Derived characters

* 𪇥, 𪰃, 籏, 𫰁

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 484, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13687
* Dae Jaweon: page 846, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2183, character 13
* Unihan data for U+65D7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 旗 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 基 | *kɯ |
| 箕 | *kɯ |
| 朞 | *kɯ |
| 稘 | *kɯ |
| 萁 | *kɯ, *ɡɯ |
| 期 | *kɯ, *ɡɯ |
| 諅 | *kɯ, *ɡɯs |
| 其 | *kɯ, *ɡɯ |
| 錤 | *kɯ, *ɡɯ |
| 諆 | *kɯ, *kʰɯ |
| 欺 | *kʰɯ |
| 娸 | *kʰɯ |
| 魌 | *kʰɯ |
| 僛 | *kʰɯ |
| 唭 | *kʰɯs |
| 棋 | *ɡɯ |
| 旗 | *ɡɯ |
| 淇 | *ɡɯ |
| 祺 | *ɡɯ, *ɡɯ |
| 琪 | *ɡɯ |
| 騏 | *ɡɯ |
| 綦 | *ɡɯ |
| 麒 | *ɡɯ |
| 蜞 | *ɡɯ |
| 綨 | *ɡɯ |
| 蜝 | *ɡɯ |
| 棊 | *ɡɯ |
| 碁 | *ɡɯ |
| 鯕 | *ɡɯ |
| 踑 | *ɡɯ |
| 藄 | *ɡɯ |
| 櫀 | *ɡɯ |
| 璂 | *ɡɯ |
| 禥 | *ɡɯ |
| 惎 | *ɡɯs |
| 帺 | *ɡɯs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯ): semantic 㫃 (“flag”) + phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): qí (qi$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kei$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): kei$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qi$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khì
    (Hailu, HRS): ki
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ki$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qi$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): gǐ
* Eastern Min (BUC): gì
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gi$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): gi$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ji
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qí
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cí
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^2$
*** Yale: chí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
*** Palladius: ци (ci)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: qi$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^4$
*** Yale: kèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: kei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khì
*** Hakka Romanization System: ki$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ki$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ki
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ki$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gǐ
*** Sinological IPA : /ki²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gí
*** Sinological IPA : /ki¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî
*** Tâi-lô: kî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /ki²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kî
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵⁵/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: gi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ji
*** MiniDict: ji$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$jji
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑi²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi¹³/
* Middle Chinese: gi
Rime :
| Character | 旗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠之切 |
| Baxter | gi |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiə/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭə/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kei$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)ə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 旗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gi › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)ə/ |
| English | flag |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 旗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9948 |
| Phonetic component | 其 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 其 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡɯ/ |

### Definitions

旗
* flag; banner (Classifier: 面 m; 支 c mn-t)
* (historical) banner (type of administrative and military division under the Qing dynasty)
* banner (type of administrative division in Inner Mongolia, China)
* (Hong Kong Cantonese taxi driver jargon) fare; customer; trip (Classifier: 支 c)
* (Hong Kong Cantonese slang) opium pipe
* a surname

### Compounds

* 下半旗 (xiàbànqí)
* 令字旗
* 令旗
* 作纛旗兒 / 作纛旗儿
* 倒旗鎗 / 倒旗枪
* 偃旗息鼓 (yǎnqíxīgǔ)
* 偃旗臥鼓 / 偃旗卧鼓
* 八旗 (bāqí)
* 八旗制度
* 八旗子弟 (bāqí zǐdì)
* 八旗都統 / 八旗都统
* 劍旗魚 / 剑旗鱼
* 區旗 / 区旗 (qūqí)
* 升旗 (shēngqí)
* 卷旗息鼓
* 國旗 / 国旗 (guóqí)
* 國旗法 / 国旗法
* 執旗將 / 执旗将
* 大張旗鼓 / 大张旗鼓 (dàzhāngqígǔ)
* 太陽旗 / 太阳旗 (tàiyángqí)
* 定風旗 / 定风旗
* 帥字旗 / 帅字旗
* 打旗兒的 / 打旗儿的
* 打順風旗 / 打顺风旗
* 扯順風旗 / 扯顺风旗
* 拔旗
* 授旗
* 掩旗息鼓
* 揚旗 / 扬旗
* 揭白旗
* 搴旗
* 搴旗取將 / 搴旗取将
* 搖旗吶喊 / 摇旗呐喊 (yáoqínàhǎn)
* 搖旗打鼓 / 摇旗打鼓
* 搖旗擂鼓 / 摇旗擂鼓 (yáo qí léigǔ)
* 搴旗斬馘 / 搴旗斩馘
* 搖旗鼓譟 / 摇旗鼓噪
* 摩旗相助
* 撲旗 / 扑旗
* 撦鼓奪旗 / 撦鼓夺旗
* 斬將奪旗 / 斩将夺旗
* 斬將搴旗 / 斩将搴旗 (zhǎnjiàngqiānqí)
* 旍旗
* 旌旗 (jīngqí)
* 旌旗所指
* 旌旗蔽天
* 旌旗蔽日 (jīngqíbìrì)
* 旌旗蔽空
* 旗丁
* 旗下 (qíxià)
* 旗亭
* 旗亭畫壁 / 旗亭画壁
* 旗人 (qírén)
* 旗子 (qízi)
* 旗山 (Qíshān, “Cishan”)
* 旗幟 / 旗帜 (qízhì)
* 旗手 (qíshǒu)
* 旗旛 (qífān)
* 旗杆 (qígān)
* 旗杆灣 (Qígānwān)
* 旗桿 / 旗杆 (qígān)
* 旗槍 / 旗枪
* 旗津 (Qíjīn, “Cijin”)
* 旗牌
* 旗牌官
* 旗瓣
* 旗竿 (qígān)
* 旗籍
* 旗艦 / 旗舰 (qíjiàn)
* 旗花
* 旗號 / 旗号 (qíhào)
* 旗袋
* 旗袍 (qípáo)
* 旗裝 / 旗装
* 旗語 / 旗语 (qíyǔ)
* 旗開得勝 / 旗开得胜
* 旗開馬到 / 旗开马到
* 旗靡
* 旗頭 / 旗头
* 旗魚 / 旗鱼 (qíyú)
* 旗鼓
* 旗鼓相望
* 旗鼓相當 / 旗鼓相当 (qígǔxiāngdāng)
* 旭日旗 (xùrìqí)
* 星旗
* 星旗電戟 / 星旗电戟
* 星條旗 / 星条旗 (Xīngtiáoqí)
* 校旗 (xiàoqí)
* 桂旗
* 海軍旗 / 海军旗
* 牙旗
* 獻旗 / 献旗
* 王命旗牌
* 白旗 (báiqí)
* 盟旗制度
* 磨旗
* 祭旗 (jìqí)
* 萬國旗 / 万国旗 (wànguóqí)
* 精忠旗
* 紅旗 / 红旗 (hóngqí)
* 紅旗報捷 / 红旗报捷
* 紅旗手 / 红旗手
* 綠旗兵 / 绿旗兵
* 繡旗 / 绣旗 (xiùqí)
* 纛旗
* 義旗 / 义旗 (yìqí)
* 臥旗息鼓 / 卧旗息鼓
* 臥鼓偃旗 / 卧鼓偃旗
* 舉白旗 / 举白旗 (jǔ báiqí)
* 花旗 (Huāqí)
* 茶旗
* 蚩尤旗 (Chīyóuqí)
* 認旗 / 认旗
* 豎白旗 / 竖白旗
* 買旗 / 买旗
* 賣旗 / 卖旗
* 軍旗 / 军旗 (jūnqí)
* 轍亂旗靡 / 辙乱旗靡 (zhéluànqímǐ)
* 酒旗 (jiǔqí)
* 重振旗鼓
* 重整旗鼓 (chóngzhěng qígǔ)
* 錦旗 / 锦旗 (jǐnqí)
* 鏢旗 / 镖旗
* 門旗 / 门旗 (ménqí)
* 降半旗 (jiàngbànqí)
* 降旗 (jiàngqí)
* 靠旗
* 順風扯旗 / 顺风扯旗
* 順風旗 / 顺风旗
* 黃旗紫蓋 / 黄旗紫盖
* 黑旗 (hēiqí)
* 黑旗軍 / 黑旗军
* 黨旗 / 党旗 (dǎngqí)
* 龍旗 / 龙旗

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 旗(き) (ki)
* → Korean: 기(旗) (gi)
* → Vietnamese: kì (旗)
Others:
* → Vietnamese: cờ
* → Zhuang: geiz

### References

* “旗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* (Min Nan) “旗”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* national flag
* banner
* standard

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎ (gi)
* Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
* Kun: はた (hata, 旗, Jōyō)

### Etymology 1

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pata.
* Kanji in this term
* 旗
* はた Grade: 4
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はた [hàtáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ha̠ta̠]

#### Noun

旗(はた) • (hata)
* flag
    プエルトリコの旗(はた)
       Pueruto Riko no hata
       flag of Puerto Rico

##### Descendants

* → Sakizaya: hata

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 旗
* き Grade: 4
* on'yomi

#### Affix

旗(き) • (ki)
* flag; banner

#### Noun

旗(き) • (ki)
* banner (type of administrative division in Inner Mongolia, China)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 旗 (MC gi).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 끵 (Yale: kkùy) | 끵 (Yale: kkùy) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 긧 (Yale: kùy-s) | 긔 (Yale: kùy) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ki]
* Phonetic hangul: [기]

### Hanja

旗 (eumhun 깃발 기 (gitbal gi))
* hanja form of 기 (“flag; banner”) [noun; affix]

### Compounds

* 국기 (國旗, gukgi)
* 군기 (軍旗, gun'gi)
* 기수 (旗手, gisu)
* 기장 (旗章, gijang)
* 기치 (旗幟, gichi)
* 농기 (農旗, nonggi)
* 당기 (黨旗, danggi)
* 백기 (白旗, baekgi)
* 삼색기 (三色旗, samsaekgi)
* 성조기 (星條旗, seongjogi)
* 영기 (令旗, yeonggi)
* 자치기 (自治旗, jachigi)
* 태극기 (太極旗, taegeukgi)
* 팔기 (八旗, palgi)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

旗: Hán Nôm readings: cờ, kỳ, kì
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.