# dem
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛm/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛm

### Pronoun

dem
* Nonstandard form of them.
** 2007 February 25, Sia Michel, “Stephen Marley in Tallahassee, M.I.A. in India and Klaxons on Fire”, in New York Times‎:Go tell dem natty dreadlocks no wear handcuff,” advises Damian Marley, his guest star and younger brother, who accuses the officers of jealousy.

### Determiner

dem
* Nonstandard form of them. (in the sense of "those")
    What are dem fings doing ’ere?
* (Caribbean, Jamaica, MLE, slang) (clitic, suffix) A group of.
** 2009, Dizzee Rascal, Chillin' Wiv Da Man Dem:Chillin' wiv da man dem Jammin' wiv da man dem It's all good in the hood wiv da man dem
** 2010, Plan B, Stay Too Long:I’ve got my peeps dem with me shouting pull up your socks, Cos we just broke the law and now we're running from cops.

#### Derived terms

* gyal dem

### Anagrams

* D. Me., DME, EDM, Edm, MEd, Med, Med., med

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *dama, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂ós (“bull”) (compare Irish damh, Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Latin domō, English tame).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

dem m (plural dema, definite demi, definite plural demat)
* bull
* main load-bearing beam in a floor

#### Synonyms

* ter

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 48

### Further reading

* “dem”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “dem”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎

## Catalan
### Verb

dem
* inflection of dar:
** first-person plural present indicative/subjunctive
** first-person plural imperative

## Chinese
### Etymology 1

From clipping of English demonstrate.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): dem$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dem$^1$
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dem$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dém$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛːm⁵⁵/

#### Verb

dem
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, colloquial) to demonstrate; to show; to perform

##### Derived terms

* dem beat

### Etymology 2

From clipping of English Democrat.

#### Proper noun

dem
* (Internet slang, US Politics) The Democratic Party in the United States.
* (Internet slang, US Politics) A member or supporter of the Democratic Party in the United States.

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛm/, [ˈd̥ɛm], [d̥ɛm], [d̥m̩]

### Pronoun

dem (nominative de, possessive deres)
* them (3rd person plural, objective case)

#### See also

| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | Possessive | Possessive |
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | common | neuter | plural |
| Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
| Singular | Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine |
| Singular | Second | formal (uncommon) | De | Dem | Deres | Deres | Deres |
| Singular | Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | hans | hans |
| Singular | Third | feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | hendes | hendes |
| Singular | Third | common (noun) | den | den | dens | dens | dens |
| Singular | Third | neuter (noun) | det | det | dets | dets | dets |
| Singular | Third | indefinite | man | en | ens | ens | ens |
| Singular | Third | reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine |
| Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | vores | vores |
| Plural | First | archaic / formal | vi | os | vor | vort | vore |
| Plural | Second | – | I | jer | jeres | jeres | jeres |
| Plural | Third | – | de | dem | deres | deres | deres |
| Plural | Third | reflexive | – | sig | deres | deres | deres |

## Galician
### Verb

dem
* (reintegrationist norm) inflection of dar:
** third-person plural present subjunctive
** third-person plural imperative

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /deːm/ (stressed) (for the pronoun)
* IPA: /dem/, /dəm/, /dm̩/ (unstressed) (for the article)
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Article

dem
* dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the

#### Declension
### Pronoun

dem (relative)
* dative masculine/neuter singular of der: to whom, to which

#### Derived terms

* dementsprechend
* demgegenüber
* demzufolge

### Further reading

* “dem” in Duden online
* “dem” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲɛmˠ/

### Contraction

dem (triggers lenition)
* (Munster) Contraction of de mo (“from my”).
    Chrochas dem ghualainn é.I suspended it from my shoulder.

#### Related terms

| Basic form | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Contracted with | Copular forms | Copular forms | Copular forms |
| Basic form | an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) |
| de (“from”) | den | de na desna* | de mo dem* | de do ded*, det* | dá | dár | dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* | do mo dom* | do do dod*, dot* | dá | dár | dár | dar | darb | darbh |
| faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh |
| i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* | i do id*, it* | ina | inár | inar | inar | inarb | inarbh |
| le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* | le do led*, let* | lena | lenár | lenar | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh |
| ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* | ó mo óm* | ó do ód*, ót* | óna | ónár | ónar | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh |
| trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh |
| *Dialectal. |||||||||||

## Jamaican Creole
### Etymology

Derived from English them.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɛm/
* Homophone: -dem

### Pronoun

dem
* they (plural)
* them (plural)
* theirs (plural possessive)

#### Derived terms

* fi dem

#### Related terms

* mi
* yuh
* har
* im
* shi
* wi
* unnu

### Particle

dem
* (postpositive) placed after a noun phrase to mark it as plural; -s
    mi fren dem ― my friends

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈdem/, [ˈd̪ɛ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈdem/, [ˈd̪ɛm]

### Verb

dem
* first-person singular present active subjunctive of dō

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dem/, [dəm]

### Determiner

dem m
* unstressed form of deem

#### Declension
## Nigerian Pidgin
### Etymology

From English them.

### Pronoun

dem
* them, they

## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

Compare Persian دم (dam, “breathe, moment”).

### Noun

dem f
* time

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛm/

### Pronoun

dem
* them

#### See also

| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | Possessive | Possessive | Possessive |
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | feminine | masculine | neuter | plural |
| Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
| Singular | Second | general | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine |
| Singular | Second | formal (rare) | De | Dem | Deres | Deres | Deres | Deres |
| Singular | Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | hennes | hennes | hennes |
| Singular | Third | masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | hans | hans | hans |
| Singular | Third | feminine (noun) | den | den | dens | dens | dens | dens |
| Singular | Third | masculine (noun) | den | den | dens | dens | dens | dens |
| Singular | Third | neuter (noun) | det | det | dets | dets | dets | dets |
| Singular | Third | reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |
| Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vår | vårt | våre |
| Plural | Second | general | dere | dere | deres | deres | deres | deres |
| Plural | Second | formal (very rare) | De | Dem | Deres | Deres | Deres | Deres |
| Plural | Third | general | de | dem | deres | deres | deres | deres |
| Plural | Third | reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

Compare German dem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛm/

### Article

dem (definite)
* dative masculine/neuter singular of der: the

#### Declension
## Pitcairn-Norfolk
### Etymology

From English them.

### Pronoun

dem
* them

### References

* Speak Norfolk Today: an Encyclopaedia of the Norfolk Island Language, by Alice Buffett, 1999.

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɔm/
* Homophone: de
* Rhymes: -ɔm

### Pronoun

dem (third-person plural)
* them; accusative/dative of de
    De ser demThey see them
* Misspelling of de.

#### Usage notes

In most dialects, de (“they”) and dem (“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The article de is often mixed up with dem as well.

#### See also

* dom

### Article

dem
* Misspelling of de.

### Anagrams

* med, med.

## Turkish
### Etymology 1

Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tam-), from Proto-Turkic *tem- (“to drip”).

#### Noun

dem
* dew

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian دم (dam).

#### Noun

dem (obsolete, poetic)
* breath
* moment

##### Synonyms

* (breath): soluk
* (moment): an

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish دم, from Arabic دَم (dam).

#### Noun

dem
* (obsolete, poetic) blood

##### Synonyms

* kan

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dem2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Wolof
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

dem
* to go

#### Conjugation
### References

Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 100

## Zazaki
### Etymology

Related to Northern Kurdish dem.

### Noun

dem
* time

## Zhuang
### Etymology

From Chinese 添 (MC them).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /teːm˨˦/
* Tone numbers: dem$^1$
* Hyphenation: dem

### Verb

dem (Sawndip form 𣷹, 1957–1982 spelling dem)
* to add

#### Derived terms

* dem gyaeuj dem rieng