# gardener
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English gardener, either calqued or loaned from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French gardinier.
See garden, and compare German Gärtner (“gardener”), which is equivalent to a derivative of the German cognate to English garden, Garten (“garden”), + -er.
Displaced native Old English wyrtweard.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/, /ˈɡɑɹd.nɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡɑːd.n̩.ə/, /ˈɡɑːd.nə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: gar‧den‧er

### Noun

gardener (plural gardeners)
* One who gardens; one who grows plants or cultivates a garden.
    "Ponder the fact that God has made you a gardener, to root out vice and to plant virtue." — St. Catherine of Siena
** 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:At the far end of the houses the head gardener stood waiting for his mistress, and he gave her strips of bass to tie up her nosegay. This she did slowly and laboriously, with knuckly old fingers that shook.
* (slang, obsolete, derogatory) A coachman who drives badly.
** 2014, Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, page 329:Get on, gardener! Get on, you slow and clumsy coachman. The allusion is to a man who is both gardener and coachman.

#### Derived terms

* gardener bowerbird
* gardeneress
* gardenership
* gardener snake
* landscape gardener
* market gardener
* nongardener
* undergardener
* uphill gardener

#### Translations

Afrikaans: tuinier, howenier
Albanian: kopshtar (sq) m, kopshtare (sq) f
Arabic: بُسْتَانِيّ m (bustāniyy), بُسْتَانِيَّة f (bustāniyya); جَنَائِنِيّ m (janāʔiniyy), جَنَائِنِيَّة f (janāʔiniyya)
Armenian: այգեպան (hy) (aygepan), պարտիզպան (hy) (partizpan)
Asturian: xardineru m, xardinera f
Azerbaijani: bağban (az)
Bashkir: баҡсасы (baqsası)
Basque: lorezain
Belarusian: садо́ўнік m (sadóŭnik), садо́ўніца f (sadóŭnica)
Bengali: মালী (bn) (mali), উদ্যানপাল (bn) (uddanpal)
Bulgarian: градина́р m (gradinár), градина́рка f (gradinárka)
Burmese: မာလီ (my) (mali), ဥယျာဉ်မှူး (my) (u.yyanyhmu:)
Catalan: jardiner (ca) m, jardinera (ca) f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 園丁 / 园丁 (zh) (yuándīng), 花匠 (zh) (huājiàng)
Czech: zahradník (cs) m, zahradnice f
Danish: gartner (da) c
Dutch: hovenier (nl) m, tuinier (nl) m, tuinman (nl) m, tuinvrouw f, tuinlieden (nl) m pl
Egyptian: (kꜣmw), (kꜣry)
Esperanto: (♂♀) ĝardenisto, (♀) ĝardenistino
Estonian: aednik (et)
Finnish: puutarhuri (fi)
French: jardinier (fr) m, jardinière (fr) f
Gagauz: meyvacı
Galician: xardineiro (gl) m, xardineira f
Georgian: მებაღე (mebaɣe), მემტილე (memṭile), მებაღჩე (mebaɣče)
German: Gärtner (de) m, Gärtnerin (de) f
Greek: κηπουρός (el) m or f (kipourós)
Ancient: κηπουρός m (kēpourós), κηπεύς m (kēpeús)
Hebrew: גַּנָּן (he) m (ganán)
Hindi: माली (hi) m (mālī), बाग़बान m (bāġbān)
Hungarian: kertész (hu)
Ido: (♂♀) gardenisto (io), (♂) gardenistulo (io), (♀) gardenistino
Indonesian: tukang kebun
Italian: giardiniere (it) m, giardiniera (it) f
Japanese: 園丁 (ja) (えんてい, entei), 庭師 (ja) (にわし, niwashi)
Kazakh: баушы (bauşy), бақшы (baqşy), бағбан (bağban)
Khmer: អារាមិក (km) (ʼaaraamɨk), អ្នកថែសួន (nĕək thae suən), អារាមិកា (km) (ʼaaraamikaa) (female)
Korean: 원예사(園藝師) (ko) (wonyesa), 정원사(庭園師) (jeong'wonsa)
Kumyk: бавчу (bawçu)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: باخەوان (ckb) (baxewan)
Northern Kurdish: baẍvan (ku) m, baxçevan (ku) m
Kyrgyz: багбан (ky) (bagban), бакчы (ky) (bakcı)
Ladino:
Roman: bahcheván m
Lao: ຄົນເຮັດສວນ (khon het sūan), ຊາວສວນ (sāo sūan)
Latin: hortulānus m, olitor m, olitrīx f
Latvian: dārznieks m, dārzniece f
Lithuanian: sodininkas m, sodininkė f
Low German:
German Low German: Goorner m, Goornerin f, Goornersch f, Goornersche f
Macedonian: градинар m (gradinar), градинарка f (gradinarka)
Manchu: ᠶᠠᡶᠠᠰᡳ (yafasi)
Manx: gareyder m
Maori: kaimahi māra, paruauru, kaingaki māra
Marathi: माळी m (māḷī)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: цэцэрлэгч (mn) (cecerlegč)
Mongolian: ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭᠴᠢ (čečerliɣči)
Nahuatl: tepancalcatl
Norwegian:
Bokmål: gartner m
Nynorsk: gartnar m
Occitan: jardinièr m
Old English: wyrtweard m
Pashto: باغبان (ps) m (bāǧbān), باغوان (ps) m (bāǧwān), مالي m (mālī), بڼوال (ps) m (baṇwāl)
Persian: باغبان (fa) (bâğbân)
Plautdietsch: Goadna m
Polish: ogrodnik (pl) m, ogrodniczka (pl) f, badylarz (pl) m (colloquial, derogatory), badylarka f (colloquial, derogatory)
Portuguese: jardineiro (pt) m, jardineira (pt) f
Romanian: grădinar (ro) m, grădinăreasă (ro) f
Russian: садо́вник (ru) m (sadóvnik), садово́д (ru) m (sadovód), садо́вница (ru) f (sadóvnica)
Sanskrit: मालिन् (sa) m (mālin)
Scottish Gaelic: gàirnealair m, gàrradair m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: вр̏тла̄р m, вр̏тларица f, садник m, башчо̀ва̄н m
Roman: vȑtlār (sh) m, vȑtlarica (sh) f, sadnik m, baščòvān (sh) m
Sinhalese: උයන්පල්ලා (uyanpallā)
Slovak: záhradník m, záhradníčka f
Slovene: vrtnar (sl) m, vrtnarka f
Spanish: jardinero (es) m, jardinera f
Swahili: mtunza bustani
Swedish: trädgårdsmästare (sv) c, trädgårdsodlare c
Tagalog: hardinero, hardinera
Tajik: боғбон (tg) (boġbon), боғдор (boġdor), боғпарвар (boġparvar)
Tatar: бакчачы (tt) (baqçaçı)
Telugu: తోటమాలి (te) (tōṭamāli)
Thai: ชาวสวน (chaao-sǔuan), คนสวน (kon-sǔuan)
Tocharian B: werpiśkatstse
Turkish: bahçıvan (tr)
Turkmen: bagban (tk)
Ukrainian: садівни́к m (sadivnýk), садівни́ця f (sadivnýcja)
Urdu: مالی m (mālī), باغْبان m (bāġbān), بُسْتانی m (bustānī)
Uyghur: باغۋەن (baghwen)
Uzbek: bogʻbon (uz)
Vietnamese: người làm vườn
Volapük: (♂♀) gadan (vo), (♂) higadan, (♀) jigadan (vo)
Welsh: garddwr (cy) m
Yiddish: גערטנער m (gertner), גערטנערין f (gertnerin)
Zazaki: bağçewan c :

#### References

* (coachman): John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary

### Anagrams

* deranger, garnered, rangered

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* gardenere, gardyner, gardynere, gardiner, garthener, garthynere

### Etymology

From Old Northern French gardinier; equivalent to gardyn +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡarˈdinər(ə)/, /ˈɡardənər(ə)/

### Noun

gardener (plural gardineris)
* gardener (one who tends a garden)
* (figurative) A tender of one's heart.

#### Descendants

* English: gardener
* Scots: gairdener, gairdner, gairner

#### References

* “gardiner, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-16.