# tua
## Brunei Malay
### Alternative forms

* tuha

### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)tuqaS.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tua/
* (Kedayan) IPA: /tuha/
* Hyphenation: tu‧a

### Adjective

tua
* old (age of a living being)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “age”): muda (“young”) (living being)

#### Coordinate terms

* (age): lama (“old”) (non-living being)

## Catalan
### Pronoun

tua
* (archaic, Northern, Alghero)
** feminine singular of teu
** feminine singular of tou

## Crimean Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

### Numeral

tua
* two
** 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, (Please provide the book title or journal name):Jussus ita numerabat. Ita, tua, tria, fyder, fyuf, seis, sevene, prorsus, ut nos Flandri.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɥa/

### Verb

tua
* third-person singular past historic of tuer

### Anagrams

* tau

## Iban
### Etymology

Most likely it comes from the devoicing of the initial consonant of the word dua.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tua/

### Pronoun

tua
* we (both of us)

## Ido
### Etymology

From tu +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tua/

### Determiner

tua
* your: belonging to you (informal, singular)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay tua, tuha, from Classical Malay tua, tuha, from Proto-Malayic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)tuqaS.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈtua/ [ˈt̪u.a]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: tu‧a

### Adjective

tua
* old (of a living being: having lived for relatively many years)
* ripe (ready for reaping or gathering, of fruits and seeds)
    Synonyms: butut, lama

#### Derived terms

* berketua
* berketuakan
* bertua-tua
* bertua-tuaan
* dituakan
* keketuaan
* ketua
* ketua-tuaan
* ketuaan
* mengetuai
* menua
* menuakan
* pengetua
* penuaan
* tertua
* tetua
* tua-tua
* orang tua (“parent”)
* tua bangka
* tua bengkok
* tua dagang
* tua kampung
* tua kejemur
* tua leler
* tua lontok
* tua renta
* tua rumah
* tua suntuk

#### Related terms

* kakatua (“pincers”)
* mertua (“parent in-law”)
* tuan
* Tuhan

### Further reading

* “tua” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* tuagh, tuaigh (superseded)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪ˠuə/
* Homophone: tuath (some accents)

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish túag (“axe, hatchet”).

#### Noun

tua f (genitive singular tua or tuaighe, nominative plural tuanna)
* axe; hatchet

##### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
tua
tuanna
vocative
a thua
a thuanna
genitive
tua
tuanna
dative
tua
tuanna
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an tua
na tuanna
genitive
na tua
na dtuanna
dative
leis an tua don tua
leis na tuanna :
* Alternative genitive singular: tuaighe (Cois Fharraige)
* Alternative dative singular: tuaigh (Cork)

##### Derived terms

* tua búistéara (“pole-axe”)
* tua chatha (“battle-axe”)
* tua chogaidh (“battle-axe”)
* tua choille (“woodman's axe”)
* tua chonnaidh (“firewood chopper, hatchet”)
* tua mhoirtíse (“mortise axe”)
* tuadóir (“axe-man, hewer, chopper”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish túag (“arch”).

#### Noun

tua f (genitive singular tua, nominative plural tuanna)
* Alternative form of stua (“arch”)

##### Derived terms

* tua cheatha (“rainbow”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 151, page 59
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 túag”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 túag”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tua”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin tua, feminine of tuus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu.a/
* Rhymes: -ua
* Hyphenation: tù‧a

### Determiner

tua f sg
* feminine singular of tuo

### Pronoun

tua f sg
* feminine singular of tuo

#### Related terms

* tu
* tue
* tuoi
* tuo

### Anagrams

* -uta, tau

## Javanese
### Adjective

tua
* Nonstandard spelling of tuwa.

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* tua: (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtu.a/, [ˈt̪uä]
* tua: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtu.a/, [ˈt̪uːä]
* tuā: (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtu.aː/, [ˈt̪uäː]
* tuā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtu.a/, [ˈt̪uːä]

### Adjective

tua
* inflection of tuus:
** nominative/vocative singular feminine
** nominative/accusative/vocative plural neuter

### Adjective

tuā
* ablative singular feminine of tuus

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* tuha

### Etymology

From tuha, from Proto-Malayic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *tuha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)tuqah, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)tuqaS.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtua/ [ˈt̪u.a]
* Rhymes: -ua, -a
* IPA: /ˈtuə/ [ˈt̪u.ə], /ˈtwə/ [ˈt̪wə] (Johor-Riau)
* Hyphenation: tu‧a

### Adjective

tua (Jawi spelling توا)
* old (of a living being: having lived for relatively many years)
* ripe (ready for reaping or gathering, of fruits and seeds)
    Synonyms: masak, matang
* dark, deep (of hues, colours)
    Synonym: gelap
* pure, unadulterated (of metals)
    Synonym: tulen

#### Derived terms

* kakaktua
* ketua
* mentua
* mertua
* orang tua

#### Related terms

* tuan
* Tuhan

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “توا toewa”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 90
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “تو tuwa”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 195
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “tua”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 603

### Further reading

* “tua” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maori
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *tuqa (compare with Rarotongan tua “back or behind, beyond”, Samoan tua “beyond, outside”, Tahitian tua “ridge, crest” and Tongan tuʻa). from Proto-Oceanic *tuqan “bone” from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqəlaŋ “bone” (compare with Chamorro to'lang, Malay tulang, Ilocano tulang) ~ *tuqəlan from Proto-Austronesian *CuqəlaN.

#### Noun

tua
* back
    Synonym: muri

#### Adjective

tua
* further, beyond

#### Adverb

tua
* (location) this side, here

##### Derived terms

* tuatara
* tuawhenua

##### Related terms

* tuatua
* tua-

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

tua
* to fell, chop down a tree

### References

* ↑ Tregear, Edward (1891) Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary‎, Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, page 541
* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “tuqa1b”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
* ↑ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (2016) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volumes 5: People, body and mind, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, pages 84-6

### Further reading

* “tua” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

tua f (definite singular tua, indefinite plural tuer or tuor, definite plural tuene or tuone)
* definite singular of tue
* (pre-2012) alternative form of tue

## Old Catalan
### Adjective

tua
* feminine singular of tou

## Pangasinan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtua/, [ˈtʊ.a]
* Hyphenation: tu‧a

### Noun

túa
* truth

#### Derived terms

* matua

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu.ɐ/
* (São Miguel, Azores) IPA: [ˈtyɐ]
* Rhymes: -uɐ
* Homophone: Tua
* Hyphenation: tu‧a

### Determiner

tua
* feminine singular of teu

### Pronoun

tua
* feminine singular of teu

### See also
## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-tua (infinitive kutua)
* to halt, to stop; to cause to settle or rest

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -tua :
| Positive present | -natua |
| Subjunctive | -tue |
| Negative | -tui |
| Imperative singular | tua |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kutua |
| Negative | kutotua |
Imperatives :
| Singular | tua |
| Plural | tueni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hutua |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -litua |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kutua |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tatua |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tatua |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -situe |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngetua |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singetua |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalitua |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalitua |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -metua |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshatua |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jatua |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kitua |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipotua |
| Consecutive | katua / positive subject concord + -katua |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -katue |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Applicative: -tulia
** Causative: -tuliza
* Nominal derivations:
** kituo (“station”)

## Tahitian
### Noun

tua
* back

## Teanu
### Etymology

From ti- + Proto-Oceanic *walu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *walu, from Proto-Austronesian *walu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tua/

### Numeral

tua
* eight

### References

* François, Alexandre. 2021. Teanu dictionary (Solomon Islands). Dictionaria 15. 1-1877. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5653063. – entry tua.
* François, Alexandre. 2021. Online Teanu–English dictionary, with equivalents in Lovono and Tanema. Electronic files. Paris: CNRS. – entry tua.

## Tetum
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuak, compare Malay tuak.

### Noun

tua
* indigenous arrack
* European wine made from grapes

#### Derived terms

* tua-uvas
* tuaka
* tua-aka
* tua-mutin

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tuə˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [tuə˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tuə˧˧]

### Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 鬚 (SV: tu). Doublet of râu.

#### Noun

tua • (𦄼, 𬗲)
* fringe; tassel
* fringe- or tassel-like object; feeler (of certain animals); antenna

#### See also

* tua rua

### Etymology 2

From French tour.

#### Noun

tua
* turn; rotation; round
* trip; tour
* stroll; walk

#### Verb

tua
* to rewind or skip forward; to rewind or fast forward (a movie, video, etc.)
    Coi phim kiểu gì mà tua riết vậy ông?What kind of watcher are you to just keep on fast forwarding movies?

### Etymology 3

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 須 (SV: tu).

#### Adverb

tua
* (archaic) must; should

### Anagrams

* tau

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* tuag (used before vowels)

### Etymology

tu (“side; beside”) +‎ â (“with”)

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈtɨː.a/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈtiː.a/
* Rhymes: -ɨːa

### Preposition

tua
* towards
    Synonym: tuag at
* about, approximately
    Synonym: oddeutu
    tua naw o’r glochabout nine o’clock
    tua phum pwys o datwsabout five pounds of potatoes

#### Usage notes

* Triggers the aspirate mutation in formal language but not often in colloquial language, where the aspiriate mutation is mostly found in set phrases.
* Takes the form tuag before vowels when the meaning is "towards" but not when it means "about, approximately".

#### Derived terms

* tuag at (“towards”)
* tua thref (“homewards”)

### Mutation

$^△$Irregular.
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tua”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies