OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# أمضى
## Arabic
### Etymology

Elative of مَاضٍ (māḍin, “sharp; acute; energetic”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔam.dˤaː/

### Adjective

أَمْضَى • (ʔamḍā)
* elative degree of مَاضٍ (māḍin):
** sharper; sharpest
** more acute; most acute
** more energetic; most energetic

#### Declension
### Verb

أَمْضَى • (ʔamḍā) IV (non-past يُمْضِي (yumḍī), verbal noun إِمْضَاء (ʔimḍāʔ))
* (transitive) to spend (time)
* (transitive) to execute, to perform
* (transitive) to sign, to undersign

#### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “مضى”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# -ku
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* -koe (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From Malay -ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ku/

### Suffix

-ku
* (casual or informal) First person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
** As a possessive adjective.
    anakku ― my child
** As a direct or indirect object
    dia mencintaiku ― he loves me
    dia memberiku hadiah ― he gave me a gift
** As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and 'dalam'.
    mereka sombong kepadaku ― they are arrogant to me

#### Usage notes

As with other clitic pronouns in the language, this clitic is optional.

### See also

* This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.
* The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
* The enclitics are only used obliquely (object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject.

### Further reading

* “-ku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

-ku
* Rōmaji transcription of く

## Makasar
### Alternative forms

* -ngku

### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ku]

### Suffix

-ku (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨀᨘ)
* my
* our (first person plural exclusive)

#### See also
## Malay
### Etymology

From ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ku/
* Rhymes: -ku, -u

### Suffix

-ku (Jawi spelling ـکو) (informal)
* me (direct object of a verb)
    Dia memarahiku. ― He scolded me.
* me (object of a preposition)
    Dia pergi denganku. ― He went with me.
* me (indirect object of a verb)
* my (belonging to me)
    "Negaraku" ― "My Country"
    Ini rumahku. ― This is my house.

### See also
## Maori
### Suffix

-ku
* Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean me

#### See also
## Pipil
### Alternative forms

* -k

### Suffix

-ku
* (no longer productive) locative suffix (meaning "in") used after a consonant

### Further reading

* Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p.47

## Quechua

    Not to be confused with -nku, -yku

### Suffix

-ku
* reflexive suffix: to or for oneself
    mayllay (“to wash something”) → mayllakuy (“to wash oneself”)
    rantiy (“to buy something”) → rantikuy (“to buy something for oneself”)
# odtrącanie
## Polish
### Etymology

From odtrącać +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔt.trɔnˈt͡sa.ɲɛ/
* Rhymes: -aɲɛ
* Syllabification: od‧trą‧ca‧nie

### Noun

odtrącanie n
* verbal noun of odtrącać

#### Declension
### Further reading

* odtrącanie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# حيران
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħaj.raːn/
* Rhymes: -aːn

### Adjective

حَيْرَان • (ḥayrān) (feminine حَيْرَى (ḥayrā), common plural حَيَارَى (ḥayārā), elative أَحْيَر (ʔaḥyar))
حَيْرَان • (ḥayrān) (feminine حَيْرَانَة (ḥayrāna), masculine plural حَيْرَانُون (ḥayrānūn), elative أَحْيَر (ʔaḥyar))
* perplexed, confounded, astonished
** a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, بُسَيْطَةُ مَهْلًا سُقِيتِ الْقِطَارَا [busayṭatu mahlan suqīti l-qiṭārā]:بُسَيْطَةُ مَهْلًا سُقِيتِ الْقِطَارَا / تَرَكْتِ عُيُونَ عَبِيدِي حَيَارَىbusayṭatu mahlan suqīti l-qiṭārā / tarakti ʕuyūna ʕabīdī ḥayārā(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** (Can we date this quote?), (Please provide the book title or journal name):زَادَتِ ٱلْأَشْجَانُ فِي ٱلْهَوَى ٱلْعُذْرِيِّ / وَأَنَا ٱلْحَيْرَانُ كَاتِمُ ٱلسِّرِّzādati l-ʔašjānu fī l-hawā l-ʕuḏriyyi / waʔanā l-ḥayrānu kātimu s-sirri(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: հեյրան (heyran)
* → Azerbaijani: heyran
* → Classical Persian: حیران (hayrān)
** → Assamese: হায়ৰাণ (hayoran)
** → Bengali: হয়রান (hoẏoran)
** → Dogri: rhān
    Devanagari script: र्हान
    Dogra script: 𑠤𑠹𑠪𑠬𑠝
** → Gojri: حَیران (hairān)
** → Gujarati: હેરાન (herān)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: हैरान (hairān)
    Urdu: حَیران (hairān)
**   * → Phalura:
       Arabic script: حئیران
       Latin script: hairaán
**   * → Ushojo: حیران
** → Kannada: ಹೈರಾಣ (hairāṇa)
** → Malvi: हेराण (herāṇ)
** → Marathi: हैराण (hairāṇ)
** → Marwari:
    Devanagari script: हेरान (herān)
    Mahajani script: 𑅱𑅓𑅭𑅧 (hern)
** → Nepali: हैरान (hairān)
** → Odia: ହଇରାଣ (hairāṇa)
** → Old Punjabi: ਹੈਰਾਨੁ (hairānu)
*** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਹੈਰਾਨ (hairān)
    Shahmukhi script: حَیران (ḥairān)
** → Sindhi: hairānu
    Arabic script: حَيرَانُ
    Devanagari script: हैरानु
    Sindhi: 𑋞𑋦𑋙𑋠𑋑𑋣
** → Telugu: హైరాను (hairānu)
** → Ushojo: حیران (herān)
** → Varhadi: हैरान (hairān)
* → Ottoman Turkish: حیران (heyrân)
** Turkish: hayran
* → Uyghur: ھەيران (heyran)

## Malay
### Noun

حيران (plural حيران-حيران or حيران٢, informal 1st possessive حيرانکو, 2nd possessive حيرانمو, 3rd possessive حيرانڽ)
* Jawi spelling of heran‎
# splodge
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈsplɒdʒ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒdʒ

### Noun

splodge (plural splodges)
* (informal) An irregular-shaped splash, smear, or patch.
** 2007, Anne Mustoe, Che Guevara and the Mountain of Silver: By Bicycle and Train Through South America, Virgin Books, published 2007, →ISBN, page 155:It was a strip of absolute desert, where the only vegetation was the occasional splodge of moss, which lay over the sand edging of the salt flats like livid green cowpats.
** 2011, Kenneth Rhienhart, It Wasn't Me, AuthorHouse, published 2011, →ISBN, page 293:The consequence was that the stupid girl now had ended up with a bright blue ink splodge on her white “see through” blouse […]
** 2012, Gabrielle Walker, Antarctica: An Intimate Portrait of a Mysterious Continent, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, published 2013, →ISBN, page 146:The 'rainbows' we had seen in the cockpit were two bright round splodges of light called sun dogs, one either side of the sun, joined together by a golden ring of light.

#### Synonyms

* splotch

#### Translations
### Verb

splodge (third-person singular simple present splodges, present participle splodging, simple past and past participle splodged)
* (informal) To make a splodge; to render as a splodge.
** 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 159:Her features had been crudely handsome, too, like Millie's, but booze had splodged their outlines.

#### Synonyms

* splotch

### Anagrams

* plodges
# intuinzinnen
## Dutch
### Noun

intuinzinnen
* plural of intuinzin
# Aldwyn
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Old English Ealdwine (literally “old friend”)

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈaldʊɨ̯n/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈaldʊi̯n/

### Proper noun

Aldwyn m
* a male given name from Old English

#### Derived terms

* Trefaldwyn

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Heini Gruffudd (2010) Enwau Cymraeg i Blant / Welsh Names for Children‎, Y Lolfa, →ISBN, page 13
# pinnga
## Greenlandic
### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /piŋŋa/, [pɪŋ.ŋa]

### Pronoun

pinnga (plural pikku)
* (demonstrative) up medial absolutive; that up a medial distance/in the east, he/she/it up there/in the east.

#### Derived terms

* pissumaak - listen you (sing.) up there or in the east
* pikkorsii - listen you (pl.) up there or in the east

#### See also

* manna - this here
* una - that nearby
* innga - that yonder
* kanna - that down a medial distance
* sanna - that down a long distance
* panna - that up a long distance
* qanna - that in there/out there
* anna - that in the north
* kinnga - that in the south/that outside
* inna - that which is invisible
# أنبوب
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* أُنْبُوبَة (ʔunbūba)

### Etymology

From Aramaic אַבּוּבָא / ܐܰܒܽܘܒܐ (ʾabbūḇā, “flute; pipe”), from Akkadian 𒄀𒁍 (enbūbu, “flute”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔun.buːb/

### Noun

أُنْبُوب • (ʔunbūb) m (plural أَنَابِيب (ʔanābīb))
* tube, pipe
* nozzle

#### Synonyms

* مَاسُورَة (māsūra)
* قَصَبَة (qaṣaba)

### References

* “embūbu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, volume 4, E, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1958, pages 137–138
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 23–24
* Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 29
# 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *haldiz, comparative of an adjective corresponding to Old High German halto (“much”). According to Duden, ultimately related to *halþaz (“inclined, sloping”). Also compare Old Norse heldr (“rather”).

### Adverb

𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃 • (haldis)
* more

#### Derived terms

* 𐌽𐌹 𐌸𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃 (ni þē haldis)

### References

* ↑ “𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍃” in Duden online
# 古希
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 古希 – see 古稀 (“70 years of age, septuagenarian”). (This term is a variant form of 古稀).

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 古 | 希 |
| こ Grade: 2 | き Grade: 4 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 古稀

### Etymology

希 is a daiyōji replacing 稀.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こき [kóꜜkì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞kʲi]

### Noun

古(こ)希(き) • (koki)
* 70 years of age

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# pro-vaccination
## English
### Alternative forms

* provaccination

### Etymology

From pro- +‎ vaccination.

### Adjective

pro-vaccination (not comparable)
* Supporting vaccines and vaccination.
    Synonyms: pro-vaccine, (slang) pro-vax, pro-vaxxing
    Antonym: anti-vaccination
** 2018, Erika Allen Wolters, Brent S. Steel, When Ideology Trumps Science: Why We Question the Experts on Everything from Climate Change to Vaccinations, Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 76:We argued above that provaccination advocates would be more likely to use scientific studies and evidence of VPDs when compared to antivaccination advocates. While we did not assess the types of information sources people use for this issue, those with high levels of belief in vaccinations would at least be more open to the scientific literature on this topic.
** 2020 May 13, Kevin Roose, “Get Ready for a Vaccine Information War”, in The New York Times‎:The study, which mapped the vaccine conversation on Facebook during the 2019 measles outbreak, found that there were nearly three times as many active anti-vaccination communities as pro-vaccination communities. In addition, they found that while pro-vaccine pages tended to have more followers, anti-vaccine pages were faster-growing.

#### Related terms

* pro-vaccinationist
* pro-vaxxer
# garden path sentence
## English
### Alternative forms

* garden path
* garden-path sentence

### Etymology

From the idiom lead someone up (or down) the garden path, because readers form an interpretation of the sentence which remains plausible until near the end of the sentence, at which point the readers realize that their interpretation cannot be right (they have been led up a garden path) and they must try another interpretation.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɡɑːdən pɑːθ ˈsɛntəns/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɡɑːɹdən pæθ ˈsɛntəns/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Hyphenation: gar‧den path sen‧tence

### Noun

garden path sentence (plural garden path sentences)
* (linguistics) A sentence that is easily parsed incorrectly when first read, due to the ambiguity of a word or words.
** 1995, Reiko Mazuka, Kenji Itoh, “Can Japanese Speakers be Led down the Garden Path?”, in Reiko Mazuka, Noriko Nagai, editors, Japanese Sentence Processing, Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, →ISBN, pages 295–296:Whether a particular construction causes a garden-path effect depends on the specific grammar of the language. For example, the famous example of an English garden-path sentence in (1) ["The horse raced past the barn fell"] would not exist if the past tense form of the verb race were not identical to the reduced relative form, the former of which is the preferred reading for this sentence.
** 2005, Michael W[illiam] Eysenck, Mark T. Keane, “Language Comprehension”, in Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook, 5th edition, Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press, →ISBN, page 362, column 1:One of the functions of punctuation is to reduce any ambiguity, and readers are less confused by garden-path sentences that are punctuated than by those that are not […].
** 2008, David W. Carroll, “Sentence Comprehension and Memory”, in Psychology of Language, 5th edition, Belmont, Calif.: Thomson Wadsworth, →ISBN, page 134:[I]n a garden path sentence, we interpret a sentence in a particular way only to find out near the end that we misinterpreted it. The subjective impression is that of being led down a garden path until discovering at the end that we took the wrong way and have to retrace our steps.
** 2013, Montserrat Sanz, Itziar Laka, Michael K. Tanenhaus, “Sentence Comprehension before and after 1970: Topics, Debates, and Techniques”, in Montserrat Sanz, Itziar Laka, Michael K. Tanenhaus, editors, Language Down the Garden Path: The Cognitive and Biological Basis for Linguistic Structures (Oxford Studies in Biolinguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 85:A garden path sentence contains a temporary ambiguity […]. It becomes clear that something has gone wrong when the comprehender receives input that is incompatible with the past-tense analysis of the ambiguous form […]. The parser then must abandon its initial parse and attempt to reanalyze the input.

#### See also

* anacoluthon

### Further reading

* garden path sentence on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# uagut
## Greenlandic
### Etymology

From Proto-Inuit *uva-ŋa (“I, we”), from Proto-Eskimo *vi (“I, we”). Compare uanga (“I, me”).

### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /uaɡut/, [u.ʷə.ɣʊt]

### Pronoun

uagut
* we
* us

#### Derived terms

* uatsinni - locative (with us)
* uatsinnik - instrumental (concerning us)
* uatsinnit - ablative (from us)
* uatsigut - vialis (by us)
* uatsitut - equative (like us)
# أهدى
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔah.daː/

#### Verb

أَهْدَى • (ʔahdā) IV (non-past يُهْدِي (yuhdī), verbal noun إِهْدَاء (ʔihdāʔ))
* to gift, to offer as a gift
    Synonym: أَتْحَفَ (ʔatḥafa)
** 7th century CE, Sunan an-Nasāʾiyy, 14:22:قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ—صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ—: «ٱلْمُهَجِّرُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ كَٱلْمُهْدِي بَدَنَةً ثُمَّ كَٱلْمُهْدِي بَقَرَةً ثُمَّ كَٱلْمُهْدِي شَاةً ثُمَّ كَٱلْمُهْدِي بَطَّةً ثُمَّ كَٱلْمُهْدِي دَجَاجَةً ثُمَّ كَٱلْمُهْدِي بَيْضَةً».qāla faqāla rasūlu l-lahi—ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wasallama—: “l-muhajjiru ʔilā l-jumuʕati ka-l-muhdī badanatan ṯumma ka-l-muhdī baqaratan ṯumma ka-l-muhdī šātan ṯumma ka-l-muhdī baṭṭatan ṯumma ka-l-muhdī dajājatan ṯumma ka-l-muhdī bayḍatan”.The Messenger of Allah—peace be upon him—said: “The one who comes early to the Friday prayer is like one who sacrifices a camel, then like one who sacrifices a cow, then like one who sacrifices a sheep, then like one who sacrifices a duck, then like one who sacrifices a chicken, then like one who sacrifices an egg.”

##### Conjugation
#### Adjective

أَهْدَى • (ʔahdā)
* better guided
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 67:22:أَفَمَن يَمۡشِي مُكِبًّا عَلَىٰ وَجۡهِهِۦۤ أَهۡدَىٰۤ أَمَّن يَمۡشِي سَوِيًّا عَلَىٰ صِرَ ٰ⁠طࣲ مُّسۡتَقِيمࣲʔa-fa-man yamšī mukibban ʕalā wajhi-hī ʔahdā ʔam man yamšī sawiyyan ʕalā ṣirāṭin mustaqīmin(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* more guiding
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:49:قُلۡ فَأۡتُوا۟ بِكِتَـٰبࣲ مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ هُوَ أَهۡدَىٰ مِنۡهُمَاۤ أَتَّبِعۡهُ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَـٰدِقِینَqul fa-ʔtū bi-kitābin min ʕindi llāhi huwa ʔahdā minhumā ʔattabiʕhu ʔin kuntum ṣādiqīna(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

أُهْدَى • (ʔuhdā) (form I) /ʔuh.daː/
* first-person singular non-past passive indicative/subjunctive of هَدَى (hadā)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic أَهْدَى (ʔahdā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔah.da/, [ˈʔah.da]

### Verb

أهدى • (ʔahda) IV (present بهدي (bihdi))
* Alternative form of هدى (hada, “to gift”)
* to dedicate
* to convey
# snaar
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch snaer, from Old Dutch snara, from Proto-West Germanic *snarhā, from Proto-Germanic *snarhǭ. Compare Middle Low German snare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /snaːr/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: snaar
* Rhymes: -aːr

### Noun

snaar f (plural snaren, diminutive snaartje n)
* (music) string
* (physics) string

#### Derived terms

* een gevoelige snaar raken
* snaarinstrument
* snaartheoreticus
* snaartheorie

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: snaar
* → Caribbean Javanese: senar
* → Indonesian: senar

### References

* ↑ http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/snaar3
# thorn in someone's side
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

thorn in someone's side (plural thorns in someone's side)
* (idiomatic) A persistent annoyance.
** 1995, “The Sword of Kahless”, in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, season 4, episode 8 (Science Fiction), spoken by Kor, →OCLC:Wait. Let this moment be remembered. For on this day, we three -- Kor, Dahar Master of the Klingons, Jadzia Dax, a joined Trill of seven lives, and Worf, son of Mogh and thorn in Gowron's side -- together stepped forth into the eye of destiny.
** 2014 March 9, Jacob Steinberg, “Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals”, in The Guardian:All the billions in the world and Manchester City still cannot rid themselves of the most persistent thorn in their side.
** 2023 July 22, Andrew Anthony, “The pro-extinctionist philosopher who has sparked a battle over humanity’s future”, in The Observer‎, →ISSN:Up until now, Torres has been best known through their trenchant pieces for magazines such as Salon, aeon and Foreign Policy as a thorn in the side of the longtermist movement.

#### Synonyms

* thorn in the flesh

#### See also

* bone in the throat
* chip on one's shoulder
# qersë
## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *kerktja, related to Proto-Slavic *kьrčь (“stubbed plot”), Latvian kùrkt (“to become empty (of a turnip)”), Old Prussian Churche (“the last sheaf in which the deity hides”).

### Noun

qersë f (plural qersa, definite qersa, definite plural qersat)
* fallow land
    Synonyms: djerrë, djerr, rrege, zmojle

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “qersë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 358
# 磚仔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chôn-é
    (Hailu, HRS): zhon$^ˋ$ er
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chng-á / chuiⁿ-á
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chôn-é
*** Hakka Romanization System: zon$^ˊ$ e$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zon$^1$ e$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡son²⁴ e³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhon$^ˋ$ er
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃon⁵³ ə⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Taichung, Tainan, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng-á
*** Tâi-lô: tsng-á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zng'ar
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Tainan): /t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍³³ a⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡sŋ̍³³ a⁵⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chuiⁿ-á
*** Tâi-lô: tsuinn-á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zvui'ar
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suĩ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/
*** IPA (Yilan): /t͡suĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/

### Noun

磚仔
* (Hakka, Southern Min) brick
    鞏磚仔／巩砖仔 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― khōng chng-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to lay bricks
    疊磚仔／叠砖仔 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― thia̍p chng-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to stack bricks
    打磚仔／打砖仔 [Sixian Hakka] ― tá chôn-é [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ] ― to lay bricks

#### Synonyms

* 磚／砖 (zhuān)
* 磚頭／砖头 (zhuāntóu)
* 磚塊／砖块 (zhuānkuài)
* (Hokkien) 磚仔角／砖仔角
# Kissgate
## English
### Etymology

From kiss +‎ -gate.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Proper noun

Kissgate
* (This is a hot sense, kept provisionally) (informal, sports) The 2023 controversy surrounding several incidents of alleged indecent behaviour (including an uninvited kiss) toward female footballers by Spanish football official Luis Rubiales.
** 2023 August 26, Emillia Hawkins, “Disgraced Spanish FA chief Luis Rubiales BANNED by Fifa after kissgate row with Jenni Hermoso”, in The Sun‎:SHAMED football chief Luis Rubiales has been BANNED by Fifa over his kissgate scandal. The Spanish FA president kissed Spain World Cup winner Jenni Hermoso on the lips immediately after their final win over England.
** 2023 September 27, James Robinson, “Jorge Vilda: Former Spain manager to be investigated as part of Luis Rubiales ‘kissgate’ probe”, in Sky News‎:Spain's Women's World Cup winning ex-manager Jorge Vilda is to be investigated as part of the Luis Rubiales “kissgate” probe.
** 2024 March 28, “Prosecutors pursue ex-FA chief Luis Rubiales with prison term and compensation in ‘Kissgate’ case”, in Mundo Deportivo‎, archived from the original on 2024-04-10:Spanish prosecutors have formally declared their intent to pursue a two-and-a-half-year prison sentence for Luis Rubiales, the former chief of the country's Soccer Association (FA), in connection to the controversial ‘Kissgate’ incident.
* (fandom slang) An incident in 2014 in which a fan surreptitiously photographed Taylor Swift and her friend Karlie Kloss seemingly kissing at a concert.
** 2019, Brilynn Janckila, "Boys Will Be Boys, Girls Will Be Not Like Other Girls: A Symbolic Convergence Theory Examination of 'Other Girls'", thesis submitted to St. Cloud University, page 59-60:
    Kissgate was proof that Swift is in a same-sex relationship and the men she dates serve as "beards" to uphold her straight image.
** 2022 November 10, Charlotte Jones, “'Midnights' Analysis”, in Indiana Daily Student‎, page 6:"Question...?" could be about Kissgate, a fandom term for the 1975 concert Swift and Karli Kloss attended together, caught potentially kissing.
** 2025, Paula Clare Harper, “15Hearing #Gaylor: Queer Musical (Conspiracy) Theorizing in the Internet Age”, in Christa Bentley, Kate Galloway, Paula Harper, editors, Taylor Swift: The Star, The Songs, The Fans‎, unnumbered page:This so-called #kissgate video kicked the investigative work of Kaylors into high gear; they began to scour social media ever more intently for clues.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Kissgate.
# 科創
## Chinese

(This form in the hanzi box does not have a page created for it yet: "科创".)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kēchuàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜ ㄔㄨㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kēchuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ ㄔㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kechuàng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^1$-chʻuang$^4$
*** Yale: kē-chwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kechuanq
*** Palladius: кэчуан (kɛčuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

### Noun

科創
* Short for 科技創新／科技创新 (kējì chuàngxīn).