# retrovirus
## English
### Etymology

From retro- +‎ virus, from its reverse direction of replication.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

retrovirus (plural retroviruses)
* (virology) Any of a group of viruses which insert a copy of their RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell, thus changing the genome of that cell.
** 2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 318:Montagnier soon deduced that this was an RNA virus that could convert its genes into DNA and lodge into the human genome—a retrovirus.
* (computer security) A computer virus that seeks to attack antivirus programs in an attempt to avoid detection.

#### Hyponyms

(family)
* orthoretrovirus
* spumaretrovirus
(genera)
* alpharetrovirus
* betaretrovirus
* bovispumavirus
* epsilonretrovirus
* equispumavirus
* felispumavirus
* gammaretrovirus
* lentivirus
* prosimiispumavirus
* simiispumavirus

#### Derived terms

* antiretrovirus
* endogenous retrovirus
* gammaretrovirus
* oncoretrovirus
* orthoretrovirus
* spumaretrovirus

#### Related terms

* retroviral
* retrovirological
* retrovirologist
* retrovirology

#### Translations
## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English retrovirus).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈretroˌʋirus/, [ˈre̞t̪ro̞ˌʋirus̠]
* Rhymes: -irus
* Hyphenation: retro‧virus

### Noun

retrovirus
* (virology) retrovirus

#### Declension

Possessive forms of retrovirus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
retrovirukseni
retrovirukseni
accusative
nom.
retrovirukseni
retrovirukseni
gen.
retrovirukseni
genitive
retrovirukseni
retrovirusteni retroviruksieni
partitive
retrovirustani
retroviruksiani
inessive
retroviruksessani
retroviruksissani
elative
retroviruksestani
retroviruksistani
illative
retrovirukseeni
retroviruksiini
adessive
retroviruksellani
retroviruksillani
ablative
retrovirukseltani
retroviruksiltani
allative
retrovirukselleni
retroviruksilleni
essive
retroviruksenani
retroviruksinani
translative
retroviruksekseni
retroviruksikseni
abessive
retroviruksettani
retroviruksittani
instructive
comitative
—retroviruksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
retroviruksesi
retroviruksesi
accusative
nom.
retroviruksesi
retroviruksesi
gen.
retroviruksesi
genitive
retroviruksesi
retrovirustesi retroviruksiesi
partitive
retrovirustasi
retroviruksiasi
inessive
retroviruksessasi
retroviruksissasi
elative
retroviruksestasi
retroviruksistasi
illative
retrovirukseesi
retroviruksiisi
adessive
retroviruksellasi
retroviruksillasi
ablative
retrovirukseltasi
retroviruksiltasi
allative
retroviruksellesi
retroviruksillesi
essive
retroviruksenasi
retroviruksinasi
translative
retrovirukseksesi
retroviruksiksesi
abessive
retroviruksettasi
retroviruksittasi
instructive
comitative
—retroviruksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
retroviruksemme
retroviruksemme
accusative
nom.
retroviruksemme
retroviruksemme
gen.
retroviruksemme
genitive
retroviruksemme
retrovirustemme retroviruksiemme
partitive
retrovirustamme
retroviruksiamme
inessive
retroviruksessamme
retroviruksissamme
elative
retroviruksestamme
retroviruksistamme
illative
retrovirukseemme
retroviruksiimme
adessive
retroviruksellamme
retroviruksillamme
ablative
retrovirukseltamme
retroviruksiltamme
allative
retroviruksellemme
retroviruksillemme
essive
retroviruksenamme
retroviruksinamme
translative
retrovirukseksemme
retroviruksiksemme
abessive
retroviruksettamme
retroviruksittamme
instructive
comitative
—retroviruksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
retroviruksenne
retroviruksenne
accusative
nom.
retroviruksenne
retroviruksenne
gen.
retroviruksenne
genitive
retroviruksenne
retrovirustenne retroviruksienne
partitive
retrovirustanne
retroviruksianne
inessive
retroviruksessanne
retroviruksissanne
elative
retroviruksestanne
retroviruksistanne
illative
retrovirukseenne
retroviruksiinne
adessive
retroviruksellanne
retroviruksillanne
ablative
retrovirukseltanne
retroviruksiltanne
allative
retroviruksellenne
retroviruksillenne
essive
retroviruksenanne
retroviruksinanne
translative
retrovirukseksenne
retroviruksiksenne
abessive
retroviruksettanne
retroviruksittanne
instructive
comitative
—retroviruksinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
retroviruksensa
retroviruksensa
accusative
nom.
retroviruksensa
retroviruksensa
gen.
retroviruksensa
genitive
retroviruksensa
retrovirustensa retroviruksiensa
partitive
retrovirustaan retrovirustansa
retroviruksiaan retroviruksiansa
inessive
retroviruksessaan retroviruksessansa
retroviruksissaan retroviruksissansa
elative
retroviruksestaan retroviruksestansa
retroviruksistaan retroviruksistansa
illative
retrovirukseensa
retroviruksiinsa
adessive
retroviruksellaan retroviruksellansa
retroviruksillaan retroviruksillansa
ablative
retrovirukseltaan retrovirukseltansa
retroviruksiltaan retroviruksiltansa
allative
retrovirukselleen retroviruksellensa
retroviruksilleen retroviruksillensa
essive
retroviruksenaan retroviruksenansa
retroviruksinaan retroviruksinansa
translative
retroviruksekseen retrovirukseksensa
retroviruksikseen retroviruksiksensa
abessive
retroviruksettaan retroviruksettansa
retroviruksittaan retroviruksittansa
instructive
comitative
—retroviruksineen retroviruksinensa :

### Further reading

* “retrovirus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

## Italian
### Etymology

From English retro- +‎ virus.

### Noun

retrovirus m (invariable)
* retrovirus

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English retrovirus.

### Noun

retrovirus n (plural retrovirusuri)
* retrovirus

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /retɾoˈbiɾus/ [re.t̪ɾoˈβ̞i.ɾus]
* Rhymes: -iɾus
* Syllabification: re‧tro‧vi‧rus

### Noun

retrovirus m (plural retrovirus)
* (virology) retrovirus

### Further reading

* “retrovirus”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10