# panna
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech panna. By surface analysis, pán +‎ -na.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpana]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ana
* Hyphenation: pan‧na
* Homophone: pana

### Noun

panna f
* female virgin
    Panna Maria ― Virgin Mary
    mořská panna ― mermaid
* doll (especially a big one)
    Synonym: panenka
* mannequin (model of a human body)
    Synonyms: krejčovská panna, figurína
* head (side of a coin)
    Synonyms: hlava, avers
    Antonyms: orel, revers

#### Derived terms

* panenka
* panenka Marie
* panenko svatokopecká
* stará panna

#### See also

* panic (“male virgin”)

### Further reading

* “panna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “panna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “panna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

Unknown. Sometimes said to be from a Sranan Tongo word meaning “little gate”, though this does not seem recorded in any dictionaries of Sranan Tongo and the Sranan Tongo standard spelling of the term is never given.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑ.naː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pan‧na
* Rhymes: -ɑnaː

### Noun

panna m (plural panna's, diminutive pannaatje n)
* (soccer) a nutmeg, a tunnel (act of passing a ball between an opponent's legs while retaining control)
    Synonym: poort

#### Derived terms

* pannaën

## Estonian
### Verb

panna
* Da-infinitive of panema.

## Faroese
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse panna, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ.

#### Noun

panna f (genitive singular pannu, plural pannur)
* pan

##### Derived terms

* pannukøka

### Etymology 2

Figurative from Old Norse panna, compare English brainpan.

#### Noun

panna f (genitive singular pannu, plural pannur)
* forehead

##### Related terms

* enni n

## Finnish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *pandak, from Proto-Uralic *pane-. Related to Erzya панемс (panems).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑnːɑˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝nːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑnːɑ
* Hyphenation: pan‧na

#### Verb

panna
* (transitive) to put, set, place [with illative or allative ‘in/on’]
    Pane kirja pöydälle!Put the book on the table!
    Panimme ikkunan kiinni.We closed the window.(literally, “We put the window close.”)
* (transitive) to send [with illative of third infinitive ‘to’] (make someone go somewhere)
    Panin lapsen nukkumaan.I put the child to bed.
    Isä pani aamulla lapset kouluun.Dad sent the children to school in the morning.
* (transitive) to have or make someone [with illative of third infinitive ‘do’]
    panna alokkaat punnertamaan ― to make the recruits do pushups
* (intransitive) to start doing [with translative of verbal noun]
    Pane juoksuksi!Start running!
* (transitive) to deposit (put money or funds into an account)
* (transitive) to brew (make beer)
    panna olutta ― to brew beer
* (vulgar, transitive, usually atelic) to fuck, screw, shag
    Me pantiin taas koko yö.We fucked all night long again.

##### Usage notes

* In the sense "to put, set, place", the verb is sometimes replaced with one of the synonyms listed below in more formal or careful speech or text. This is done in order to avoid even an accidental association with the vulgar meaning. This development isn't universal, however, and in fact some criticize this practice.
* In the sense "to fuck, shag": mostly used of the active partner, while ottaa is used of the passive partner. This usage is not necessarily exclusive, however.

##### Conjugation

Colloquially, the present stem pane- may be replaced in some forms with paa- (but only rarely for the senses "to brew" and the vulgar sense):
Standard forms are shown before the colloquial forms for reference.
| Description | Standard | Colloquial |
| 1st sing. present indicative | panen | paan |
| 2nd sing. present indicative | panet | paat |
| 1st plur. present indicative * | panemme | paamme |
| 2nd plur. present indicative | panette | paatte |
| present indicative connegative 2nd sing. imperative | pane | paa |
| Regularly derivable colloquial forms (e.g. through omission of final consonants) are not listed. |||

##### Synonyms

* (put): laittaa, asettaa, pistää
* (deposit): tallettaa
* (fuck): naida, nussia, hässiä, bylsiä

##### Derived terms

* hallanpanema
* julkipanna
* kokoonpanna
* maahanpaniaiset
* maksuunpanna
* muistiinpanna
* panna hanttiin
* panna merkille (“to remark, notice, take note of”)
* panna pystyyn (“to arrange, put up”)
* panna tuulemaan (“to make things happen, to get into action”)
* panna töpinäksi (“to step on it, to make haste, to get a move on”)
* toimeenpanna
* pantava
* paneminen
* panija
* panimo
* pano
* panos
* suuhunpantava
* paneskella
* panetella
* panettaa
* paneutua

##### Collocations

* panna kampoihin (+ allative) ― to resist, fight back, get/put one's back up
* panna liikkeelle ― to start, initiate, get going, mobilise/mobilize (synonyms: mobilisoida)
* panna matalaksi ― to criticize (more or less harshly), find fault with
* panna muistiin ― to write/note/jot down
* panna pois päiviltä ― to knock/bump off, put away
* panna sekaisin ― to mix/screw up, confuse, scramble
* panna vastaan (+ allative) ― to resist, fight back, get/put one's back up
* panna viralta ― to fire, suspend (from the performance of his/her duties)

##### Further reading

* “1. panna”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
* A column on Kotus about the euphemistic replacement of "panna" (in Finnish)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Swedish banna, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bannaną.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑnːɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝nːɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑnːɑ
* Hyphenation: pan‧na

#### Noun

panna
* ban, anathema (law; clerical)

##### Declension

Possessive forms of panna (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pannani
pannani
accusative
nom.
pannani
pannani
gen.
pannani
genitive
pannani
pannojeni pannaini $^{rare}$
partitive
pannaani
pannojani
inessive
pannassani
pannoissani
elative
pannastani
pannoistani
illative
pannaani
pannoihini
adessive
pannallani
pannoillani
ablative
pannaltani
pannoiltani
allative
pannalleni
pannoilleni
essive
pannanani
pannoinani
translative
pannakseni
pannoikseni
abessive
pannattani
pannoittani
instructive
comitative
—pannoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pannasi
pannasi
accusative
nom.
pannasi
pannasi
gen.
pannasi
genitive
pannasi
pannojesi pannaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
pannaasi
pannojasi
inessive
pannassasi
pannoissasi
elative
pannastasi
pannoistasi
illative
pannaasi
pannoihisi
adessive
pannallasi
pannoillasi
ablative
pannaltasi
pannoiltasi
allative
pannallesi
pannoillesi
essive
pannanasi
pannoinasi
translative
pannaksesi
pannoiksesi
abessive
pannattasi
pannoittasi
instructive
comitative
—pannoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pannamme
pannamme
accusative
nom.
pannamme
pannamme
gen.
pannamme
genitive
pannamme
pannojemme pannaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
pannaamme
pannojamme
inessive
pannassamme
pannoissamme
elative
pannastamme
pannoistamme
illative
pannaamme
pannoihimme
adessive
pannallamme
pannoillamme
ablative
pannaltamme
pannoiltamme
allative
pannallemme
pannoillemme
essive
pannanamme
pannoinamme
translative
pannaksemme
pannoiksemme
abessive
pannattamme
pannoittamme
instructive
comitative
—pannoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pannanne
pannanne
accusative
nom.
pannanne
pannanne
gen.
pannanne
genitive
pannanne
pannojenne pannainne $^{rare}$
partitive
pannaanne
pannojanne
inessive
pannassanne
pannoissanne
elative
pannastanne
pannoistanne
illative
pannaanne
pannoihinne
adessive
pannallanne
pannoillanne
ablative
pannaltanne
pannoiltanne
allative
pannallenne
pannoillenne
essive
pannananne
pannoinanne
translative
pannaksenne
pannoiksenne
abessive
pannattanne
pannoittanne
instructive
comitative
—pannoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pannansa
pannansa
accusative
nom.
pannansa
pannansa
gen.
pannansa
genitive
pannansa
pannojensa pannainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
pannaansa
pannojaan pannojansa
inessive
pannassaan pannassansa
pannoissaan pannoissansa
elative
pannastaan pannastansa
pannoistaan pannoistansa
illative
pannaansa
pannoihinsa
adessive
pannallaan pannallansa
pannoillaan pannoillansa
ablative
pannaltaan pannaltansa
pannoiltaan pannoiltansa
allative
pannalleen pannallensa
pannoilleen pannoillensa
essive
pannanaan pannanansa
pannoinaan pannoinansa
translative
pannakseen pannaksensa
pannoikseen pannoiksensa
abessive
pannattaan pannattansa
pannoittaan pannoittansa
instructive
comitative
—pannoineen pannoinensa :

##### Synonyms

* anateema
* kirkonkirous

##### Derived terms

* pannahinen
* pannaanjulistaminen
* pannajulistus

#### Further reading

* “2. panna”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Anagrams

* napan

## Gaulish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin panna (“broad cooking vessel”), from *patna, contracted from patina (“frying pan”).

### Pronunciation

IPA: [ˈpan.naː]

### Noun

pannā f
* vessel

#### Declension

$^1$ early forms, $^2$ late forms :

### References

* ↑ Freeman, P. (2010). Ireland and the Classical World. (n.p.): University of Texas Press, p. 17

## Greenlandic
### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /panna/, [pən.na]

### Pronoun

panna (demonstrative) (plural pakku)
* up distal absolutive; that up a long distance/in the east, he/she/it up there/in the east.

#### See also

* manna (“this here”)
* una (“that nearby”)
* innga (“that yonder”)
* kanna (“that down a medial distance”)
* sanna (“that down a long distance”)
* pinnga (“that up a medial distance”)
* qanna (“that in there/out there”)
* anna (“that in the north”)
* kinnga (“that in the south/that outside”)
* inna (“that which is invisible”)

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse panna, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʰanːa/
* Rhymes: -anːa

### Noun

panna f (genitive singular pönnu, nominative plural pönnur)
* pan
* sump

#### Derived terms

* pönnukaka (“pancake”)

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pandak. Cognates include Finnish panna and Estonian panna.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈpɑnːɑ/, [ˈpɑnː]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈpɑnːɑ/, [ˈpɑnːɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑnː, -ɑnːɑ
* Hyphenation: pan‧na

### Verb

panna
* (transitive) to put
** 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:Suman pannoo partaa.He puts the bag on the school desk.
** 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:Paşa otti isän hatun, pani sen päähää i duumajaa, jot nyt hää on suur.Paša took his fathers hat, put it on his head and he thinks, that he's big now.
** 1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 27:Muistakaa panna kysymyksiin jälest kysymysmerkki.Remember to put a question mark after a question.
* (transitive + illative) to start (moving)
** 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 48:Vaa katsokaa, ku pannoo jooksuu ken.Just watch, who and when starts running.

#### Synonyms

* (to put): asettaa, issuttaa, laittaa

#### Derived terms

* panekki
* panna kiin
* panna lämpimää
* panna merkille

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 382
* Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 68

## Irish
### Etymology

Probably from English pan, which see for details.

### Noun

panna m (genitive singular panna, nominative plural pannaí)
* pan

#### Declension

bare forms
singular
plural
nominative
panna
pannaí
vocative
a phanna
a phannaí
genitive
panna
pannaí
dative
panna
pannaí
forms with the definite article
singular
plural
nominative
an panna
na pannaí
genitive
an phanna
na bpannaí
dative
leis an bpanna don phanna
leis na pannaí :

#### Derived terms

* panna bácála (“baking-pan”)
* panna leasaithe (“preserving-pan”)
* panna prímeála (“priming-pan”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ “pan, n.1” in the Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2005. Accessed 23-02-2020.
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “panna”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Italian
### Etymology

From panno, because the cream covers milk like a cloth, or from Latin patina (> *patna), because the cream forms a patina on the surface of milk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anna
* Hyphenation: pàn‧na

### Noun

panna f (plural panne)
* cream

### See also

* crema

## Karelian
### Verb

panna
* put

## Latvian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German panne, or maybe from Middle Dutch panne (cf. German Pfanne), or from Swedish panna, themselves borrowings from Latin patina (> *patna), from Ancient Greek πατάνη (patánē, “bowl, basin”), itself probably of Illyrian origin. In Latvian, panna is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pānna]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

panna f (4th declension)
* pan (flat metal container, usually with a handle, used for cooking over fire, on a stove, or over a hot surface; also, a rectangular plate with raised sides for use in a baking oven)
    čuguna panna ― cast-iron pan
    vafeļu panna ― waffle pan, waffle iron
    pannas rokturis, kāts ― pan handle
    ietaukot pannu ― to grease the pan
    izņemt pannu no cepeškrāsns ― to take the pan out of the oven
    uz pannas cepās smaržīgas kotletes ― on the pan, fragrant meatballs were cooking
* the contents of a pan; a pan together with its contents
    maiznieks patlaban kāpa augšā no cepļa pagraba ar brūnu kliņģerīšu pannu uz galvas ― the baker is coming back up from the baking cellar with a brown pan of marigolds on (his) head
    salasījām labi daudz sēņu; tad devāmies uz mājām... un tūlīt sacepām veselu pannu ― we gathered very many mushrooms; then we went home... and immediately cooked a whole pan (of mushrooms)

#### Derived terms

* cepešpanna

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “panna”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* pannen

### Noun

panna m or f
* definite feminine singular of panne

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

panna f
* definite singular of panne

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanьna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpan.na/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ˈpan.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anna
* Syllabification: pan‧na
* Homophone: Panna

### Noun

panna f (diminutive panienka, augmentative pannica or pannisko)
* unmarried woman
* Miss
* (archaic) female virgin
* (Near Masovian, anatomy) Synonym of źrenica

#### Derived terms

* panieński
* panieństwo
* Panna

#### Related terms

* pan
* pani
* państwo

### Further reading

* panna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* panna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Artur Gruszecki, editor (1887), “panna”, in “Słowniczek spod Zakroczymia”, in Wisła : miesięcznik geograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 318

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpana]

### Noun

panna f (male equivalent panic)
* female virgin

#### Derived terms

* panenský
* panensky
* panenskosť f
* panenstvo n

### Further reading

* “panna”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse panna, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /²panːa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

panna c
* forehead, brow
    rynka pannanfrown(literally, “wrinkle one's forehead”)
    lägga pannan i djupa veckfurrow one's brow [idiomatic, when thinking hard](literally, “lay one's forehead in deep folds”)
* a pan (cooking vessel)
* a boiler (appliance in a central heating system used to obtain the heat energy, which is later distributed throughout the building)
    Synonym: värmepanna
* (slang) an (injected) dose of amphetamine
    Synonym: sil

#### Compounds
##### forehead

* galenpanna
* virrpanna

##### cooking receptacle

* grillpanna
* långpanna
* pannkaka
* stekpanna

##### heating system

* kolpanna
* värmepanna
* oljepanna

##### injected dose

* rövpanna

### References

* panna in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* panna in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* panna in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Svensk MeSH
* Slangopedia