OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 山雀
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shānquè
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢ ㄑㄩㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saan$^1$ zoek$^{3-2}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shānquè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢ ㄑㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shancyuè
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^1$-chʻüeh$^4$
*** Yale: shān-chywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shanchiueh
*** Palladius: шаньцюэ (šanʹcjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saan$^1$ zoek$^{3-2}$
*** Yale: sāan jéuk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saan$^1$ dzoek$^{8-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: san$^1$ zêg$^{3-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːn⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³⁻³⁵/

### Noun

山雀
* tit; chickadee; titmouse

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 山 | 雀 |
| やま Grade: 1 | がら Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi | irregular |

### Etymology

Of 山(やま) (yama, “mountain”) + がら, but the origin of the latter portion is uncertain. Theories include derivation from 軽々と動く (karagara to ugoku “moving lightly, easily”) or from ヤマクグリムレ (roughly, “flock hidden in the mountains”). Attested from at least the 13th century. Compare 小雀(こがら) (kogara, “willow tit”), エボシガラ (eboshigara, “tufted tit”), and 四十雀(しじゅうから) (shijūkara, “Japanese tit”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) やまがら [yàmágárá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ja̠ma̠ɡa̠ɾa̠]

### Noun

山(やま)雀(がら) or 山雀(ヤマガラ) • (yamagara)
* a varied tit

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
# glycosidation
## English
### Etymology

From glycoside +‎ -ation.

### Noun

glycosidation (countable and uncountable, plural glycosidations)
* The formation of a glycoside; glycosylation.

#### Derived terms

* transglycosidation
# די ג׳יי
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* דִי גֵ׳י

### Etymology

From English DJ.

### Noun

די ג׳יי • (di jei) m (plural indefinite די ג׳ייז)
* A DJ, a deejay: a disk jockey.
    Synonyms: דִיסְק ג׳וֹקִי (dísk jóki), מַגִּישׁ תַּקְלִיטִים (magísh taklitím), תַּקְלִיטָן (taklitán)
# magħġun
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maˈd͡ʒuːn/
* IPA: /maˤːˈd͡ʒuːn/ (archaic)

### Participle

magħġun (feminine magħġuna, plural magħġunin)
* past participle of għaġen: kneaded, mixed by kneading
# клипер
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English clipper.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈklipɛr]
* Hyphenation: кли‧пер

### Noun

клипер • (kliper) m (plural клипери)
* (nautical) clipper (ship)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “клипер” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English clipper or Dutch klipper.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈklʲipʲɪr]

### Noun

кли́пер • (klíper) m inan (genitive кли́пера, nominative plural кли́перы or клипера́, genitive plural кли́перов or клиперо́в)
* (nautical) clipper ship

#### Declension

$^△$Irregular.
# compréner
## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* compenre (Provençal)
* comprener (Limousin, Provençal)
* comprendre (Provençal)
* coumprendre (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

compréner (Languedoc)
* (transitive) to understand

### Further reading

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 179.
# dữ
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *jɨh.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zɨ˦ˀ˥]
* (Huế) IPA: [jɨ˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [jɨ˨˩˦]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Adjective

dữ • (𫺙, 與, 㺞)
* ferocious
    chó dữ ― a ferocious dog
    Bà đó dữ như chằn lửa.She's very ferocious.
* (rare) very bad; awful
    tin dữ ― very bad news

#### Derived terms

* dữ dằn (từ láy)
* dữ dội (từ láy)
* dữ tợn
* giận dữ
* hung dữ
* vua dữ

### Adverb

dữ
* (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, after adjective) really; very much
    Thằng này sao mà ngu dữ!Why are you so damn stupid?

#### Usage notes

Often used as part of exclamations.

#### Synonyms

* lắm
* quá
# resilio
## Latin
### Etymology

From re- +‎ saliō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /reˈsi.li.oː/, [rɛˈs̠ɪlʲioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /reˈsi.li.o/, [reˈs̬iːlio]

### Verb

resiliō (present infinitive resilīre, perfect active resiluī, supine resultum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive
* to leap or spring back; rebound, recoil, retreat
* to start back, shrink from, retreat

#### Derived terms

* resultō

#### Descendants

* → Middle French: resiler
** French: résilier
** → English: resile

### References

* “resilio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “resilio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* resilio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# Kanal
## German
### Alternative forms

* Canal (obsolete)

### Etymology

15th century, from Italian canale, from Latin canalis. The broadcasting sense is a semantic loan from English channel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈnaːl/
* Rhymes: -aːl
* Hyphenation: Ka‧nal
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Kanal m (strong, genitive Kanales or Kanals, plural Kanäle, diminutive Kanälchen n)
* canal (man-made watercourse)
* something that resembles such a watercourse, e.g. a vessel in the body
* channel (networks through which pass information, influence, etc.)
* (broadcasting, communication) channel

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Derived terms

* Kanaldeckel
* Kanalreinigung
* Abwasserkanal
* Hauptkanal
* Seitenkanal

### Further reading

* “Kanal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Kanal” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Kanal” in Duden online
* Kanal on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$

## Hunsrik
### Etymology

From Italian canale

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k(ʰ)aˈnal/

### Noun

Kanal m (plural Kanale)
* channel

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Italian canale

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑˈnaːl/

### Noun

Kanal m (plural Kanäl)
* canal
* channel
# 𰵞

| 𰵞 | U+30D5E, &#200030; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-30D5E |
| ← 𰵝 [U+30D5D] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension G | 𰵟 → [U+30D5F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

𰵞 (Kangxi radical 149, 讠+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈女弓水 (IVNE), composition ⿰讠永)

#### References

* Unihan data for U+30D5E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Simplified from 詠 (訁 → 讠).

### Etymology

* For pronunciation and definitions of 𰵞 – see 詠 (“to sing; to hum; to chant; to describe in poetic language”). (This character is a nonstandard simplified form of 詠).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 认

| 认 | U+8BA4, &#35748; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8BA4 |
| ← 讣 [U+8BA3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 讥 → [U+8BA5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

认 (Kangxi radical 149, 讠+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈女人 (IVO), composition ⿰讠人)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1188, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3939, character 2
* Unihan data for U+8BA4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Simplified from 認 (訁 → 讠 and 忍 → 人).
In current form Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, rèn): semantic 讠 (“speech”) + phonetic 人 (rén).

### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 认 – see 認 (“to recognize; to know; to understand; to acknowledge; to accept; to agree; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 認).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 吾妻
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 吾 | 妻 |
| あ Jinmeiyō | つま > ずま Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 吾妻 – see the following entry. :
| 【東あずま】2 | [noun] (archaic) the east [noun] (archaic) the lands east of the 都 (miyako, “imperial capital”) [noun] (regional, historical) during the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the Kamakura region or its titular 幕府 (bakufu, “shogunate”), as opposed to the imperial capital of Kyoto [noun] (regional, historical) during the Edo period, the region around Edo [noun] This term needs a translation to English. [noun] Short for 東琴 (azumagoto): a six-stringed Japanese zither [noun] This term needs a translation to English. [proper noun] a placename [proper noun] a female given name [proper noun] a surname Alternative spelling 吾嬬 |
(This term, 吾妻, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 吾 | 妻 |
| あ(が) Jinmeiyō | つま Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [a̠ɡa̠t͡sɨma̠]

#### Proper noun

吾(あが)妻(つま) • (Agatsuma)
* Agatsuma (a district of Gunma, Japan)

### References

* Akimoto, Kichirō (1958) [c. 715] Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 2: Fudoki (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
# aktör
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Derived from French acteur.

### Noun

aktör
* actor

#### Declension
### References

* “aktör”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Swedish
### Etymology

Derived from French acteur.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

aktör c
* player, operator, actor (participant in affairs)
    Företaget är en global aktörThe company is a global player
* actor (male, portraying a character in a production)
    Synonym: skådespelare (more common)

#### Derived terms

* aktörskap
* aktörssamverkan

#### Related terms

* aktris (“actress, actor (female)”)

### See also

* artist

### References

* aktör in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* aktör in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* aktör in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* körat, rökta

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish آقتور (aktör), borrowed from French acteur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.tœɾ/
* Rhymes: -œɾ
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

aktör (definite accusative aktörü, plural aktörler)
* (film, theater) actor (person who performs in a theatrical play or film)

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
aktör
aktörler
definite accusative
aktörü
aktörleri
dative
aktöre
aktörlere
locative
aktörde
aktörlerde
ablative
aktörden
aktörlerden
genitive
aktörün
aktörlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörüm
aktörlerim
2nd singular
aktörün
aktörlerin
3rd singular
aktörü
aktörleri
1st plural
aktörümüz
aktörlerimiz
2nd plural
aktörünüz
aktörleriniz
3rd plural
aktörleri
aktörleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörümü
aktörlerimi
2nd singular
aktörünü
aktörlerini
3rd singular
aktörünü
aktörlerini
1st plural
aktörümüzü
aktörlerimizi
2nd plural
aktörünüzü
aktörlerinizi
3rd plural
aktörlerini
aktörlerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörüme
aktörlerime
2nd singular
aktörüne
aktörlerine
3rd singular
aktörüne
aktörlerine
1st plural
aktörümüze
aktörlerimize
2nd plural
aktörünüze
aktörlerinize
3rd plural
aktörlerine
aktörlerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörümde
aktörlerimde
2nd singular
aktöründe
aktörlerinde
3rd singular
aktöründe
aktörlerinde
1st plural
aktörümüzde
aktörlerimizde
2nd plural
aktörünüzde
aktörlerinizde
3rd plural
aktörlerinde
aktörlerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörümden
aktörlerimden
2nd singular
aktöründen
aktörlerinden
3rd singular
aktöründen
aktörlerinden
1st plural
aktörümüzden
aktörlerimizden
2nd plural
aktörünüzden
aktörlerinizden
3rd plural
aktörlerinden
aktörlerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörümün
aktörlerimin
2nd singular
aktörünün
aktörlerinin
3rd singular
aktörünün
aktörlerinin
1st plural
aktörümüzün
aktörlerimizin
2nd plural
aktörünüzün
aktörlerinizin
3rd plural
aktörlerinin
aktörlerinin
Predicative forms
singular
plural
1st singular
aktörüm
aktörlerim
2nd singular
aktörsün
aktörlersin
3rd singular
aktör aktördür
aktörler aktörlerdir
1st plural
aktörüz
aktörleriz
2nd plural
aktörsünüz
aktörlersiniz
3rd plural
aktörler
aktörlerdir :

#### Synonyms

* erkek oyuncu

#### Related terms

* aktris (“actress, actor (female)”)

### References

* “aktör”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# mouka
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech múka, from Proto-Slavic *mǭka (“flour”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmou̯ka]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

mouka f (diminutive moučka)
* flour

#### Derived terms

* moučník
* moučný

### Further reading

* “mouka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “mouka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “mouka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# glycosylated
## English
### Verb

glycosylated
* simple past and past participle of glycosylate

### Adjective

glycosylated (not comparable)
* (biochemistry) Describing a glycoside (but especially a glycoprotein) that has the sugar entity intact

#### Derived terms

* aglycosylated
* deglycosylated
* diglycosylated
* hyperglycosylated
* hypoglycosylated
* misglycosylated
* monoglycosylated
* nonglycosylated
* overglycosylated
* polyglycosylated
* tetraglycosylated
* triglycosylated
* underglycosylated
* unglycosylated
# aduire
## Occitan
### Etymology

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin addūcere.

### Verb

aduire
* (transitive) to lead (a person, animal)
* to bring (a thing)

#### Derived terms

* aduit

#### References

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 23.

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin addūcere.

### Verb

aduire
* to lead
** La Vie de Saint Thomas Becket par Guernes de Pont-Sainte-Maxence, ed. E Walberg, Paris 1936 (original text: 1174) available via the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub (link below)
    Devant ses privez a Gefrei Ridel aduitHe led Geoffrey Ridel In front of the Elect of God

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

### References

* aduire on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
# aegan
## Manx
### Etymology

From Middle Irish ócán, from Old Irish óc (“young”) (compare aeg).

### Noun

aegan m (genitive singular aegan, plural aeganyn)
* youth, young man

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ócán”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
# glycosylate
## English
### Etymology

From glycosyl +‎ -ate (verb-forming suffix), or back-formation of glycosylation.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌɡlaɪ.koʊˈsaɪˌleɪt/, /ˈɡlaɪ.koʊ.səˌleɪt/, /ɡlaɪˈkoʊ.səˌleɪt/

### Verb

glycosylate (third-person singular simple present glycosylates, present participle glycosylating, simple past and past participle glycosylated)
* (organic chemistry) To react with a sugar to form a glycoside (especially a glycoprotein)

#### Derived terms

* deglycosylate
* hyperglycosylate
* sialoglycosylate
* transglycosylate
# glycosylceramide
## English
### Noun

glycosylceramide (plural glycosylceramides)
* (organic chemistry) Any glycosyl derivative of a ceramide

#### Synonyms

* sphingolipid

#### Derived terms

* monoglycosylceramide
* pentaglycosylceramide
# glycosylceramidase
## English
### Noun

glycosylceramidase (countable and uncountable, plural glycosylceramidases)
* (biochemistry) A hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction glycosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ N-acylsphingosine + a sugar.

#### Derived terms

* endoglycosylceramidase
# glycosyl
## English
### Etymology

From glycose +‎ -yl.

### Noun

glycosyl (plural glycosyls)
* (biochemistry) Any functional group derived from a sugar (especially from a monosaccharide) by removal of the hemiacetal hydroxy group.

#### Derived terms

* diglycosyl
* glycosylamine
* glycosyl-amino-acid
* glycosylase
* glycosylate
* glycosylation
* glycosylhydrolase
* glycosylic
* glycosyllipid
* glycosylphosphatidyl
* glycosyltransferase
* monoglycosyl
* transglycosylase
# glycuronic
## English
### Adjective

glycuronic (not comparable)
* (obsolete, chemistry) uronic

#### Derived terms

* glycuronate
* glycuronic acid

### See also

* glucuronic
# mutuel
## English
### Noun

mutuel (plural mutuels)
* Short for pari-mutuel.

## French
### Etymology

From Latin mūtuus + -el.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /my.tɥɛl/

### Adjective

mutuel (feminine mutuelle, masculine plural mutuels, feminine plural mutuelles)
* reciprocal
    Synonym: réciproque
    Ils s’effondrent quand après leur première rencontre une attirance mutuelle les pousse dans les bras l’un de l’autre.They collapse when, after their first meeting, a mutual attraction pushes them into each other's arms.
* mutual

#### Derived terms

* mutuelle
* mutuellement
* mutualité
* pari mutuel

### Further reading

* “mutuel”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle French
### Adjective

mutuel m (feminine singular mutuelle, masculine plural mutuels, feminine plural mutuelles)
* mutual

## Old French
### Etymology

First attested 1329, coined based on Latin mutuus + Old French suffix -el.

### Adjective

mutuel m (oblique and nominative feminine singular mutuele)
* mutual
# forenoted
## English
### Etymology

From fore- +‎ noted.

### Adjective

forenoted (not comparable)
* Alternative form of aforenoted
# gnarly
## English
### Etymology

From gnarl (“knot in wood”) +‎ -y. The slang senses were particularly popularized by US surf culture in the 1970s.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈnɑːli/
* (General American) enPR: närʹli, IPA: /ˈnɑɹli/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)li

### Adjective

gnarly (comparative gnarlier, superlative gnarliest)
* Having or characterized by gnarls; gnarled.
** 1892 January, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wall Paper, Boston, Mass.: Small, Maynard & Company, published 1901, →OCLC, page 13:Out of one window I can see the garden, those mysterious deep-shaded arbors, the riotous old-fashioned flowers, and bushes and gnarly trees.
* (slang) Excellent; attractive.
** 2000 January 16, Sunday Herald, Glasgow:There ain't nothing gnarlier (apparently) than slapping on some brightly coloured sunblock to ward off the blinding spectre of dangerous, snow-reflected sunlight.
* (slang, US, dated) Dangerous; difficult.
    a gnarly problem
** 1977 March, Surfer:When the swell struck, the North Shore got gnarly, and the wise ones hit the outer islands where the energy was just as juicy but a bit more organized.
** 2008, [Avram] Joel Spolsky, More Joel on Software: Further Thoughts on Diverse and Occasionally Related Matters that will Prove of Interest to Software Developers, Designers, and Managers, and to Those who, whether by Good Fortune or Ill Luck, Work with Them in Some Capacity, Berkeley, Calif.: Apress, →ISBN, page 152:Work that makes you unhappy is what I mean by "a gnarly problem." The trouble is, the market pays for solutions to gnarly problems, not solutions to easy problems. As the Yorkshire lads say, "Where there's muck, there's brass."
* (slang, US) Unpleasant, awful, ugly.
** 1981, Dan Jenkins, Baja Oklahoma, New York, N.Y.: Atheneum Books, ISBN 978-0-689-11173-0; reprinted New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, 1982, ISBN 978-0-671-45163-9, page 269:
    We're not talking about a lame chick and a gnarly guy. We're talking about a couple of far-out dudes.
** 2014 February, Retro Studios, Donkey Kong Country: Tropical Freeze, Nintendo, level/area: Funky's Fly 'n' Buy:Funky Kong: 'Those Snowmads are a gnarly bunch! I hear they're enjoyin' your island. Go get 'em, DK!'
** (slang, US) Of music or a sound: harsh.
*** 1986 October 12, Los Angeles Times:[She] displays the same love of gnarly fuzztones and shout-it-out-loud choruses that began back in her daze with local all-girl rockers the Runaways.

#### Usage notes

* Note the word’s contradictory senses of “good” and “bad”. Its meaning varies by community and context, and may be indicated by extra-verbal cues such as tone of voice. The sense of “good” is particularly associated with surf culture, to the point of being somewhat clichéd as in “gnarly wave, dude!”.

#### Synonyms

* (gnarled): gnarled, knobbly, knobby
* (slang: excellent; attractive): cool
* (slang, US: unpleasant, awful): awful, dreadful, nasty
* (slang, US: harsh (of music or sound)): discordant

#### Derived terms

* gnarliness
* gnarlsome

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “gnarly”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
# shadbelly
## English
### Etymology

From shad +‎ belly.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

shadbelly (plural shadbellies)
* An old-fashioned formal dress coat sometimes worn in equestrian circles.

#### Related terms

* shad-bellied
# QR code
## English
### Alternative forms

* QR-code

### Etymology

Short for Quick Response Code, introduced as a trademark.

### Noun

QR code (plural QR codes)
* A two-dimensional barcode, typically used to link to a website.
** 2023 December 13, “Network News: £13,000 stolen via car park QR”, in RAIL, number 998, page 11:TransPennine Express has removed all QR codes from its 71 car parks after scammers covered up a genuine code sticker with a false one and stole £13,000 from a woman's bank account.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* QR code on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# gnaw
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English gnawen, gnaȝen, from Old English gnagan, from Proto-Germanic *gnaganą. Cognate with Dutch knagen, German nagen, Danish gnave (“to gnaw”), Norwegian Bokmål gnage, Norwegian Nynorsk gnaga, Swedish gnaga. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰnēgʰ- (“to gnaw, scratch”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) enPR: nô, IPA: /nɔː/
* Rhymes: -ɔː
* (US) enPR: nô, IPA: /nɔ/
* (cot–caught merger) enPR: nä, IPA: /nɑ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Homophone: nor (non-rhotic)

### Verb

gnaw (third-person singular simple present gnaws, present participle gnawing, simple past gnawed or (dialectal) gnew, past participle gnawed or (archaic) gnawn)
* (ambitransitive) To bite something persistently, especially something tough.
    The dog gnawed the bone until it broke in two.
** c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], line 25:Ten thousand men that fishes gnaw'd upon
* (intransitive) To produce excessive anxiety or worry.
    Her comment gnawed at me all day and I couldn't think about anything else.
* To corrode; to fret away; to waste.
** 1637, Thomas Heywood, The Royall King, and the Loyall Subject. […], London: […] Nich[olas] and John Okes, for James Becket, […], →OCLC, Act III, signature E4, verso:VVots thou vvho's returnd, / The unthrift Bonvile, ragged as a ſcarre-crovv / The VVarres have gnavv'd his garments to the skinne: […]

#### Derived terms

* begnaw
* forgnaw
* gnawable
* gnawer
* gnawingly
* gnaw someone's vitals
* outgnaw
* ungnawed
* ungnawn

#### Related terms

* nag

#### Translations
### Noun

gnaw (plural gnaws)
* the act of gnawing
    have a gnaw of a bone

### Anagrams

* AgNW, Ngwa, Wang, g'wan, gawn, gwan, wang

## Middle Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡnau̯/

### Noun

gnaw
* Soft mutation of knaw.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.