# բոխի
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /boˈχi/, [boχí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /poˈχi/, [pʰoχí]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Hyphenation: բո‧խի

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle Armenian բոխի (boxi), բոխ (box), from Old Armenian բող (boł, “*sprout, plant; a kind of plant”), with the botanical suffix -ի (-i).

#### Alternative forms

* բոխ (box), բող (boġ), բողի (boġi), բողիկ (boġik), պեքի (pekʻi)
* պէք$^յ$ի (pēkʻ$^y$i), պո̈ւ՛ք$^յ$ի (pǘkʻ$^y$i) — Karabakh, dialectological notation

#### Noun

բոխի • (boxi)
* (dialectal) a kind of bitter field-plant, probably horse fennel, Hippomarathrum or a kind of fennel or wild parsley (in different dialects may refer to different plants)
    Synonyms: ժախ (žax), բոժախ (božax), ձիասամիթ (jiasamitʻ)

##### Usage notes

* The stems are turned into a pickle, commonly used as an appetizer. See a photograph of the product.
* According to Ačaṙyan, corresponds to Turkish çaşur. The latter is a dialectal form of çakşır (“Ferula”).

##### Derived terms

* բոժախ (božax)
* բոխիճ (boxič)

##### Descendants

* → Northern Kurdish: box, boxe (“Ferula”)
* → Zazaki: boğîk

#### Further reading

* Բոխի (ժախ) on the Armenian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{hy}$
* Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “բոխի”, in Hayocʻ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 112a
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բոխի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 464b
* Асатрян, Г. (1987) “Язык заза и армянский (Предварительные заметки) [Zaza and Armenian (Preliminary Notes)]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Russian), number 1, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 162
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben (1981) “բոխի”, in Busanunneri hayeren-latineren-ṙuseren-angleren-franseren-germaneren baṙaran [Armenian–Latin–Russian–English–French–German Dictionary of Plant Names], Yerevan: University Press, § 161, page 17b
* Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2001), “բոխի¹”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: Hayastan, pages 206—207
* Sargsyan, Armen Yu. (2013) “պէքի”, in Ġarabaġi barbaṙi baṙaran [Dictionary of Karabakh Dialect] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Edit Print, →ISBN, page 611b

### Etymology 2

A dialectal word which has been adopted in the literary language as the standard designation for "hornbeam". Unattested in Old or Middle Armenian. Confined to northern, northeastern and eastern peripheral dialects, which corresponds to the geographical range of the hornbeam (see the maps). Note that the by-form *բուքի (*bukʻi) reconstructed by Martirosyan on the basis of rural Karabakh պո̈ւ՛քի (pǘkʻi) found in Ačaṙean 1913 is misguided; the latter does not mean "hornbeam" but is rather a by-form of բոխի (boxi, “horse fennel”).
Attempts to derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵos (“beech”) are unconvincing, because the expected form is **բած (**bac).
Probably from Old Armenian բող (boł, “*sprout, plant; a kind of plant”) with the botanical suffix -ի (-i), and therefore etymologically identical with homonymous բոխի (boxi, “horse fennel”). Note especially Moks dialect պօ̈ղ (pöġ) glossed as "hornbeam" in Orbeli 2002, if the gloss is not a result of confusion. Note also Karabakh dialect բոխ (box, “tree shoot with buds used as animal feed”), in dialectological notation պօ̈խ (pöx), from the same source. The "hornbeam" may have been viewed as a "source of twigs or tree shoots". Aliroev relates that Chechens made arrows from light and firm young shoots of the hornbeam, hence the name of the arrow in Chechen is identical with that of "hornbeam" — пха (pxa); Chechens also make baskets and wattling out of hornbeam twigs. Ossetian фатхъӕд (fatqæd, “hornbeam”) literally means "arrow-wood" for the same reason. Compare also Proto-Kartvelian *cxeml- (“hornbeam”) ~ *cxaml- (“twig; arrow, needle”). Hornbeam produces shoots abundantly; the shoots and leaves are used as animal fodder.

#### Alternative forms

* պէխէ (pēxē), պէխի (pēxi), պօ̈խէ (pöxē), պօ̈խի (pöxi) — Karabakh, dialectological notation
* բեխի (bexi), պեխի (pexi) — dialectal, normalized notation

#### Noun

բոխի • (boxi)
* hornbeam (tree)
    Synonym: (Hamshen) մանի (mani)

##### Derived terms

* բոխատերեւ (boxaterew)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բոխի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 464b
* ↑ Sargsyan, Armen Yu. (2013) “պուքի”, in Ġarabaġi barbaṙi baṙaran [Dictionary of Karabakh Dialect] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Edit Print, →ISBN, page 611b
* ↑ Orbeli, I. A. (2002) “պո̈ղ”, in Словарь наречия Мокса [Dictionary of Moks Dialect] (Избранные труды в двух томах; II.1)‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 315
* ↑ Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2001), “բոխ²”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 206b
* ↑ Sargsyan, Armen Yu. (2013) “պօխ”, in Ġarabaġi barbaṙi baṙaran [Dictionary of Karabakh Dialect] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Edit Print, →ISBN, page 640b
* ↑ Alirojev, Ibragim Ju. (2001) Флора и фауна Чечни и Ингушетии [The Flora and the Fauna of Chechnya and Ingushetia], Moscow: Academia, →ISBN, page 21
* ↑ Abajev, V. I. (1958) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 425
* ↑ Комаров В. Л., editor (1936), Флора СССР‎, volume V, Moscow, Leningrad: USSR Academy Press, page 261.

### Further reading

* բոխի on the Armenian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{hy}$
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “բոխի”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 200a
* Amatuni, Sahak (1912) “բոխի”, in Hayocʻ baṙ u ban [Armenian Words and Idioms] (in Armenian), Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 112a
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1972) Hay barbaṙagitutʻyan neracutʻyun [Introduction into Armenian Dialectology]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 317
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 179
* Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2001), “բոխի²”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 207a
* Sargsyan, Armen Yu. (2013) “պէխէ”, in Ġarabaġi barbaṙi baṙaran [Dictionary of Karabakh Dialect] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Edit Print, →ISBN, page 611b