# do-
## Czech
### Prefix

do-
* a prefix, usually indicating a destination or a completed action or state
    ‎do- + ‎studovat → ‎dostudovat
    ‎do- + ‎hořet → ‎dohořet
    ‎do- + ‎cestovat → ‎docestovat
    ‎do- + ‎dělat → ‎dodělat
    ‎do- + ‎vařit → ‎dovařit
    ‎do- + ‎kouřit → ‎dokouřit
    ‎do- + ‎číst → ‎dočíst

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* do- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish do-, du-, from Proto-Celtic *dus-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̪ˠɔ/

### Prefix

do-
* impossible, extremely difficult
    Antonym: in-
* to
* ill, evil
    Antonym: so-

#### Derived terms
### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “do-”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do-, du-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Manx
### Etymology

From Old Irish do-, du-.

### Prefix

do-
* non-, un-

#### Derived terms
### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do-, du-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Irish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *dus-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-.

#### Alternative forms

* du-

#### Prefix

do-
* impossible, extremely difficult
* ill, evil
    Synonym: mí-

##### Antonyms

* so-, su-

##### Derived terms
### Etymology 2
#### Prefix

do-
* pretonic form of dí-
* pretonic form of to-

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do-, du-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /dɔ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /dɔ/

### Prefix

do-
* appended to verbs to indicate completion
    ‎do- + ‎mówić → ‎domówić
* appended to verbs to indicate addition or furthering a previous process
    ‎do- + ‎sypać → ‎dosypać
* appended to verbs to indicate addition or approaching a goal
    Antonyms: od-, ode-
    ‎do- + ‎ić → ‎dojć

#### Derived terms
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish do-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔ
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

do-
* appended to verbs to indicate completion
    ‎do- + ‎kończyć → ‎dokończyć
* appended to verbs to indicate addition or furthering a previous process
    ‎do- + ‎lać → ‎dolać
* appended to verbs to indicate addition or approaching a goal
    Antonyms: od-, ode-
    ‎do- + ‎iść → ‎dojść

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* do- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish do-, du-.

### Prefix

do-
* un-

#### Derived terms
### See also

* ao-
* mì-
* eu-
* neo-

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do-, du-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *do-. Prefixed form of the preposition do.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔ-/

### Prefix

do-
* Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
** to finish
    ‎do- + ‎zídati (“to build”) → ‎dozídati (“to finish building”)
** up to, to reach
    ‎do- + ‎téči (“to run”) → ‎dotéči (“to catch up with”)
** to add
    ‎do- + ‎líti (“to pour”) → ‎dolíti (“to add by pouring”)