# شرق
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃarq/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

شَرْق • (šarq) m
* east; Orient

##### Coordinate terms

compass points: اِتِّجَاهَات الْبَوْصَلَةِ (ittijāhāt al-bawṣalati):
| شَمَال غَرْبِيّ (šamāl ḡarbiyy) | شَمَال (šamāl) | شَمَال شَرْقِيّ (šamāl šarqiyy) |
| غَرْب (ḡarb) | | شَرْق (šarq) |
| جَنُوب غَرْبِيّ (janūb ḡarbiyy) | جَنُوب (janūb) | جَنُوب شَرْقِيّ (janūb šarqiyy) |

##### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: şərq
* Bashkir: шәреҡ (şəreq)
* Pashto: شرق (šarq)
* Persian: شرق (šarq)
* Tajik: шарқ (šarq)
* → Ottoman Turkish: شرق
    > Turkish: şark (inherited)
* Uzbek: sharq

### Etymology 1.2
#### Verb

شَرَقَ • (šaraqa) I (non-past يَشْرُقُ (yašruqu), verbal noun شَرْق (šarq) or شُرُوق (šurūq))
* to rise (of the sun)
* to shine
* to become tall (of a tree, etc.)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2.1
#### Verb

شَرِقَ • (šariqa) I (non-past يَشْرَقُ (yašraqu), verbal noun شَرَق (šaraq))
* to become lit from the sun (of a place)
* to become dry due to lack of irrigation (of land)
* to become full and cramped (of a space)
* to appear (in one's eye, of blood; i.e. the eyes become bloodshot)
* to choke [with بِ (bi) ‘on something’]
** Al-Mutanabbi :وَمَا شَرَقِي بِالْمَاءِ إِلَّا تَذَكُّرًا / لِمَاءٍ بِهِ أَهْلُ الْحَبِيبِ نُزُولُ يُحَرِّمُهُ لَمْعُ الْأَسِنَّةِ فَوْقَهُ / فَلْيْسَ لِظَمْآنٍ إِلَيْهِ وُصُولُwamā šaraqī bi-l-māʔi ʔillā taḏakkuran / limāʔin bihī ʔahlu l-ḥabībi nuzūlu yuḥarrimuhū lamʕu l-ʔasinnati fawqahū / falysa liẓamʔānin ʔilayhi wuṣūluWater does not choke me except [at the time of] remembrance / It was for water that the Household of the Beloved descended
* to turn red (of dates, one's face, etc.)
* to become confused, to become mixed up (of a thing)
* to come [with مَا بَينَ ‘between people’] (of discord, evil, etc.)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2.2
#### Noun

شَرَق • (šaraq) m
* verbal noun of شَرِقَ (šariqa) (form I)

##### Declension
### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “شرق”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

شرق
* Arabic spelling of şərq

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic شَرْق (šarq).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃarɡ/

#### Noun

شرق • (šarg) m
* east
    Antonym: غرب (ḡarb, “west”)

##### Coordinate terms

compass points: اِتِّجَاهَات الْبوصَلَة (ittijāhāt al-būṣala):
| شَمَال غَرْب (šamāl ḡarb) | شَمَال (šamāl) | شَمَال شَرْق (šamāl šarg) |
| غَرْب (ḡarb) | | شَرْق (šarg) |
| جَنُوب غَرْب (janūb ḡarb) | جَنُوب (janūb) | جَنُوب شَرْق (janūb šarg) |

### Etymology 2

From Arabic شَرِقَ (šariqa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.raɡ/

#### Verb

شرق • (šarag) I (non-past يشرق (yišrag))
* to cause someone to choke (from food)
    شَرَقْت من الموية ― šaragt min al-mōya ― I choked because of the water

##### Usage notes

The passive voice اَنْشَرَق (anšarag) and its non-past يِنْشَرِق (yinšarig) are used by more speakers.

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic شَرْق (šarq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃarq/

### Noun

شرق • (šarq) m
* east

#### Derived terms

* شرقي (šarqi, “eastern”)

#### See also

compass points:
| | شمال (šamāl) | |
| غرب (ḡarb) | | شرق (šarq) |
| | جنوب (janūb) | |

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَرْق (šarq, “east, Orient”).

### Noun

شرق • (şark) (definite accusative شرقی (şarkı), plural شرقلر (şarklar))
* east, orient, the part of the horizon where the sun first appears in the morning
    Synonyms: خوار (haver), طوغی (doğu), مشرق (meşrik)

#### Derived terms

* شرق اهالیسی (şark ehâlisi, “Levantine”)
* شرق جنوبی (şark-ı cenubî, “south-east”)
* شرق روزكاری (şark rüzgârı, “eastern wind”)
* شرق شمالی (şark-ı şimâlî, “north-east”)
* شرق مالی (şark malı, “eastern goods”)
* شرقاً (şarkan, “eastward”)
* شرقستان (şarkıstan, “eastern countries of the world”)
* شرقی (şarkî, “eastern, oriental”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: şark

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “شرق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 143
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şark”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4434
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “şark”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1172
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شرق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 725
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Oriens”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1220
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شرق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2803
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şark”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شرق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1122

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَرْق (šarq).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃaɾq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃäɾq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃäɾq]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃäɾq]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃäɾq]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃæɹɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃäɾq]

### Noun

شرق • (šarq)
* east
    Synonym: خاور (xâvar)

#### Derived terms

* شرقی (šarqi)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic شَرْق (šarq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Urban) /ʃarʔ/, [ʃarʔ]
* IPA: (Bedouin) /ʃarɡ/, [ʃarɡ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

شرق • (šarq) m
* east

#### Derived terms

* شرقي (šarʔi, “eastern”)

#### See also

compass points:
| | شمال (šamāl) | |
| غرب (ḡarb) | | شرق (šarq) |
| | جنوب (janūb) | |