# fundus
## English
### Etymology

* PIE word
* *bʰudʰmḗn
From Latin fundus (“bottom”). Doublet of fond and fund.

### Pronunciation

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### Noun

fundus (plural fundi)
* (anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:
** The top, hollow portion of the uterus.
** The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc.
** The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach.
** The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex.

#### Derived terms

* fundectomy
* fundic
* fundoplasty
* funduscope
* fundusectomy

#### Translations
## Esperanto
### Verb

fundus
* conditional of fundi

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *funðos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, from *bʰudʰmḗn (“bottom”). Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (English bottom).
* PIE word
* *bʰudʰmḗn

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈfun.dus/, [ˈfʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfun.dus/, [ˈfun̪d̪us]

### Noun

fundus m (genitive fundī); second declension
* bottom
* farm, piece of land, estate, demesne
* ground
* foundation
* an authority

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bottom”): vertex

#### Derived terms

* adfundō
* *affundō
* funditus
* fundō
* fundulus
* profundus

#### Related terms

* fundāmen
* fundāmentum
* fundātiō
* fundātor
* fundātus

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund
** Romanian: fund
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: fondo
** Sicilian: funnu
* North Italian:
** Friulian: font, fonz
** Ladin: fond
** Ligurian: fondo
** Lombard: fond, hond
** Piedmontese: fons
** Venetan: fondo
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: fons
** Old French:
*** French: fond (see there for further descendants)
*** → English: fund
** Occitan: fons
*** → Basque: funts
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: fondu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo
*** Fala: fundu
*** Galician: fundo, fondo
*** Portuguese: fundo
** Old Spanish: fondo
*** Spanish: fondo, hondo
**** → Cebuano: pundo
**** → Basque: hondo
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu
* Borrowings:
** → Albanian: fund, fun, funn — Gheg
** → German: Fundus
** → Polish: fundusz (learned)
*** → Kashubian: fùndusz
** → Spanish: fundo

### References

* “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “fundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "fundus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* fundus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “fundus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fundus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 250