# boulevard
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French boulevard, from Middle French boulevard, bollevart, boulevars, bolevers, bollewerc (“rampart”), from Middle High German bolewerc, bolwerc (modern German Bollwerk) or Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). Doublet of bulwark; more at bole, work.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbuː.ləˌvɑːd/
* (US, Canada) IPA: /ˈbʊləvɑɹd/
* Audio (Canada):(file)

### Noun

boulevard (plural boulevards)
* A broad, well-paved and landscaped thoroughfare.
    We live on Sunset Boulevard.
* The landscaping on the sides of a boulevard or other thoroughfare.
* A strip of land between a street and sidewalk.
* (Upper Midwestern US) The grassy area in the middle of some streets; A refuge island.

#### Derived terms

* (abbreviation): blvd., blvd, bd., bd, bl
* boulevardize
* boulevardlike
* boulevard stop
* Roxas Boulevard

#### Related terms

* boulevardier
* bulwark (doublet)

#### Translations
## Danish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French boulevard, borrowed from Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). Doublet of bolværk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [b̥uləˈʋɑˀd̥]

### Noun

boulevard
* boulevard

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French boulevard, from Middle French bolevard, from Middle Dutch bolwerc (modern Dutch bolwerk).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌbu.ləˈvaːr/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bou‧le‧vard

### Noun

boulevard m (plural boulevards, diminutive boulevardje n)
* boulevard

#### Derived terms

* meubelboulevard
* woonboulevard

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: bulevar

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French boulevard, bollevart, boulevars, bolevers, bollewerc (“rampart”), from Middle High German bolewerc, bolwerc (modern German Bollwerk) or Middle Dutch bolwerk (“bulwark, bastion”). The use for a road is due to the fact that boulevards (e.g. in Paris) were built on the sites of razed bulwarks.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bul.vaʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

boulevard m (plural boulevards)
* bulwark, rampart
* boulevard, avenue
* causeway

#### Derived terms

* (abbreviation): (Europe): bd, Bd, bld, brd, bvd; (Québec): boul., boul
* Boulevard du crime
* boulevardier
* Grands Boulevards
* théâtre de boulevard

#### Descendants

* → Russian: бульвар (bulʹvar)
** → Georgian: ბულვარი (bulvari)
* → Spanish: bulevar
* → Turkish: bulvar

### References

James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Boulevard”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

### Further reading

* “boulevard”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French boulevard.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bu.leˈvar/, (careful style) /bulˈvar/
* Rhymes: -ar

### Noun

boulevard m
* boulevard
* (archaic) embankment

### References

* ↑ boulevard in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French bollevart (“promenade, avenue, rampart”), from German Bollwerk or Middle Dutch.

### Noun

boulevard m (plural boulevards)
* (Jersey) bulwark

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* bulevar

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French boulevard. Doublet of baluarte.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buleˈbaɾd/ [bu.leˈβ̞aɾð̞], /buleˈbaɾ/ [bu.leˈβ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾd, -aɾ
* Syllabification: bou‧le‧vard

### Noun

boulevard m (plural boulevards)
* boulevard

#### Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

### Further reading

* “boulevard”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* (obsolete spelling) bulevard

### Etymology

Borrowed from French boulevard. Doublet of bålverk.

### Noun

boulevard c
* a boulevard (long, wide (tree-lined) street, especially in Paris)

#### Declension
### References

* boulevard in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* boulevard in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* bulevard in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)