# πίναξ
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Since Fick (1890), considered a native word of Proto-Indo-European origin, cognate with Sanskrit पिनाक (pínāka, “staff, stick”) and Proto-Slavic *pь̏ňь (whence Old Church Slavonic пьнь (pĭnĭ), Russian пень (penʹ, “trunk, stub”)). On the other hand, Beekes inevitably prefers a Pre-Greek origin, though allows that the Slavic terms may be cognate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pí.naks/ → /ˈpi.naks/ → /ˈpi.naks/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pí.naks/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpi.naks/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpi.naks/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpi.naks/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpi.naks/

### Noun

πῐ́νᾰξ • (pĭ́năx) m (genitive πῐ́νᾰκος); third declension
* board, plank
* tablet
* dish, plate, platter, trencher
* board, plate, picture
* table of accounts, register
* block for sharpening knives

#### Derived terms

* πινάκιον (pinákion)
* πινακίς (pinakís)
* πινακόγραφος (pinakógraphos)
* πινακοθήκη (pinakothḗkē)

#### Descendants

* Byzantine Greek: πινάκι (pináki)
** → Italian: pinace (learned)
* Greek: πίνακας (pínakas)
* → Aramaic: פינכא (pinkaʾ)
** → Classical Syriac: ܦܝܢܟܐ (pīnḵā)
*** → Persian: پنگان (pengân) (learned) (if not directly borrowed from Ancient Greek)
**** → Arabic: فِنْجَان (finjān)
***** → Persian: فنجان (fenjân)
***** → Ottoman Turkish: فنجان (fincan)
****** Turkish: fincan
* → English: pinak-, pinac-
* → Hebrew: פנקס (learned)
* → Italian: pinax (learned)
* → Latin: pinax (learned)
* → Old Armenian: պնակ (pnak)
** Armenian: պնակ (pnak)
*** → Udi: пӏинаькӏ (ṗinäḳ) (learned) (if not directly borrowed from Ancient Greek)
* → Old Georgian: პინაკი (ṗinaḳi), პინაგი (ṗinagi)
** Georgian: პინა (ṗina), → პინაკი (ṗinaḳi) (learned)
* → Ossetian: фынг (fyng) (learned) (possibly)
* ⇒ Translingual: Pinacodera

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πίναξ, -ακος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1192-3

### Further reading

* πίναξ, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “πίναξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πίναξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πίναξ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πίναξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* πίναξ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G4094 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. board idem, page 86.chart idem, page 126.letter idem, page 486.map idem, page 513.paper idem, page 591.register idem, page 687.slate idem, page 782.tablet idem, page 851.
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պնակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 92b
* Boisacq, Émile (1916) “πίναξ”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 785
* Chantraine, Pierre (1968–1980) “πίναξ”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Paris: Klincksieck, page 903ab
* Fick, August (1890) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, volume I, bearbeitet von Adalbert Bezzenberger, August Fick, Whitley Stokes, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 83, 482
* Frisk, Hjalmar (1970) “πίναξ”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 539
* Hofmann, J. B. (1949) “πίναξ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Griechischen‎ (in German), Munich: R. Oldenbourg, page 270
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830