# 漁

| 漁 | U+6F01, &#28417; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F01 |
| ← 漀 [U+6F00] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 漂 → [U+6F02] |

## Translingual
### Han character

漁 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水弓田火 (ENWF), four-corner 3713$_6$, composition ⿰氵魚)

#### Derived characters

* 𤄣

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 644, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18101
* Dae Jaweon: page 1052, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1726, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6F01

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 漁
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 蘇 | *sŋaː |
| 穌 | *sŋaː |
| 魚 | *ŋa |
| 漁 | *ŋa |
| 䱷 | *ŋa |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋa): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 魚 (OC *ŋa, “fish”).

### Etymology

From 魚 (OC *ŋa, “fish”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yú (yu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngui$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ǹg
    (Meixian, Guangdong): n$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ngṳ̂
* Eastern Min (BUC): ngṳ̀
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hî / hîr / hû / gû / gîr / gî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): he$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$
*** Yale: yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡui²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ǹg
*** Hakka Romanization System: ng$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: n$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /n̩¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳ̂
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋy³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋy⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hî
*** Tâi-lô: hî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hi¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Philippines): /hi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hi²³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hîr
*** Tâi-lô: hîr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɯ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hû
*** Tâi-lô: hû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huu
*** IPA (Taipei): /hu²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû
*** Tâi-lô: gû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: guu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ɡu²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîr
*** Tâi-lô: gîr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɯ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî
*** Tâi-lô: gî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³/
* hî/hîr/hû - vernacular;
* gû/gîr/gî - literary.
* Middle Chinese: ngjo
Rime :
| Character | 漁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 語居切 |
| Baxter | ngjo |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭo/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ](r)a/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋa/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 漁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ngjo › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ŋ](r)a/ |
| English | to fish |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15940 |
| Phonetic component | 魚 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 魚 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋa/ |
| Notes | 魚分化字 |

### Definitions

漁
* (literary) to fish
    漁民／渔民 ― yúmín ― fishermen
    漁船／渔船 ― yúchuán ― fishing boat
    漁業／渔业 ― yúyè ― fishery
    休漁／休渔 ― xiūyú ― to halt fishing
       shòu rén yǐ yú bùrú shòu rén yǐ yú [Pinyin]
       give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime
    From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
    Fú zhòng zhī wéi fú yě dà, qí wéi huò yě yì dà. Pì zhī ruò yú shēnyuān, qí dé yú yě dà, qí wéi hài yě yì dà. [Pinyin]
    Having large forces can be a great blessing, but it can also be a great misfortune. The situation is analogous to fishing in a deep gorge: the chance of catching a fish there is greater, but the danger of being hurt is also greater.
* (literary) to seize; to pursue (illegitimately)
    漁利／渔利 ― yúlì ― to reap unfair gains
* a surname

### Compounds

* 休漁期 / 休渔期 (xiūyúqī)
* 侵漁 / 侵渔
* 冰島漁夫 / 冰岛渔夫
* 坐收漁利 / 坐收渔利 (zuòshōuyúlì)
* 海洋漁業 / 海洋渔业
* 淡水漁業 / 淡水渔业
* 涸漁 / 涸渔
* 涸澤而漁 / 涸泽而渔
* 漁人 / 渔人 (yúrén)
* 漁人之利 / 渔人之利 (yúrénzhīlì)
* 漁人得利 / 渔人得利 (yúréndélì)
* 漁具 / 渔具 (yújù)
* 漁利 / 渔利 (yúlì)
* 漁唱 / 渔唱
* 漁場 / 渔场 (yúchǎng)
* 漁夫 / 渔夫 (yúfū)
* 漁奪 / 渔夺
* 漁娘 / 渔娘
* 漁婆 / 渔婆
* 漁家 / 渔家 (yújiā)
* 漁峽口 / 渔峡口 (Yúxiákǒu)
* 漁戶 / 渔户 (yúhù)
* 漁撈 / 渔捞 (yúlāo)
* 漁政船 / 渔政船
* 漁會 / 渔会
* 漁村 / 渔村 (yúcūn)
* 漁梁
* 漁業 / 渔业 (yúyè)
* 漁業氣象 / 渔业气象
* 漁樵記 / 渔樵记
* 漁歌 / 渔歌
* 漁民 / 渔民 (yúmín)
* 漁民保險 / 渔民保险
* 漁民團體 / 渔民团体
* 漁民節 / 渔民节
* 漁汛 / 渔汛
* 漁洋關 / 渔洋关 (Yúyángguān)
* 漁港 / 渔港 (yúgǎng)
* 漁火 / 渔火 (yúhuǒ)
* 漁父 / 渔父 (yúfǔ)
* 漁獲 / 渔获 (yúhuò)
* 漁獲量 / 渔获量
* 漁獵 / 渔猎
* 漁獵時代 / 渔猎时代
* 漁產 / 渔产
* 漁經獵史 / 渔经猎史
* 漁網 / 渔网 (yúwǎng)
* 漁翁 / 渔翁 (yúwēng)
* 漁翁之利 / 渔翁之利 (yúwēngzhīlì)
* 漁翁得利 / 渔翁得利
* 漁舟 / 渔舟 (yúzhōu)
* 漁船 / 渔船 (yúchuán)
* 漁艇 / 渔艇 (yútǐng)
* 漁色 / 渔色 (yúsè)
* 漁輪 / 渔轮
* 漁郎 / 渔郎
* 漁陽弄 / 渔阳弄
* 漁陽摻撾 / 渔阳掺挝
* 漁陽鞞鼓 / 渔阳鞞鼓
* 漁霸 / 渔霸
* 漁鼓 / 渔鼓 (yúgǔ)
* 竭澤而漁 / 竭泽而渔 (jiézé'éryú)
* 網漁業 / 网渔业
* 近海漁業 / 近海渔业
* 遠洋漁業 / 远洋渔业
* 養殖漁業 / 养殖渔业

### References

* “漁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02322

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* fishing; to catch fish

#### Readings

* Go-on: ご (go)
* Kan-on: ぎょ (gyo, Jōyō)
* Kan’yō-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)
* Kun: すなどる (sunadoru, 漁る)、いさる (isaru, 漁る)、すなどり (sunadori)、あさる (asaru, 漁る)

#### Compounds

* 漁船(ぎょせん) (gyosen): fishing boat
* 漁(りょう)師(し) (ryōshi): fisherman
* 禁(きん)漁(りょう) (kinryō), 禁(きん)漁(ぎょ) (kingyo): prohibition on fishing
* 密(みつ)漁(りょう) (mitsuryō): illegal fishing

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 漁
* りょう Grade: 4
* kan'yōon
From (confusion with) 猟(りょう) (ryō, “hunting”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) りょー [ryóꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾʲo̞ː]

#### Noun

漁(りょう) • (ryō)
* (business) fishing

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 漁
* すなど(り) Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 漁 – see the following entry. :
| 【すなどり】 | [noun] 漁り, 漁: (archaic) fishing Alternative spelling 漁り |
(This term, 漁, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 漁 (MC ngjo).
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅥᆼ (Yale: nge) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 어 (e) (Yale: e) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ʌ̹]
* Phonetic hangul: [어]

### Hanja

Wikisource 漁 (eumhun 고기 잡을 어 (gogi jabeul eo))
* hanja form of 어 (“to fish”)

#### Compounds

* 어로 (漁撈, eoro)
* 어망 (漁網, eomang)
* 어민 (漁民, eomin)
* 어부 (漁夫, eobu)
* 어선 (漁船, eoseon)
* 어업 (漁業, eo'eop)
* 어장 (漁場, eojang)
* 어촌 (漁村, eochon)
* 어항 (漁港, eohang)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

漁: Hán Nôm readings: ngư
* chữ Hán form of ngư (“to fish”).

#### Compounds

* 漁業 (ngư nghiệp)
* 漁民 (ngư dân)
* 漁翁得利 (ngư ông đắc lợi)