OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# anteriorly
## English
### Alternative forms

* anteriourly (obsolete, rare)

### Etymology

From anterior +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: an‧te‧ri‧or‧ly

### Adverb

anteriorly (comparative more anteriorly, superlative most anteriorly)
* before (in time)
* in front (in position)
* towards the anterior
** 1977, Murray John Copeland, Early Paleozoic Ostracoda from Southwestern District of Mackenzie and Yukon Territory, page 30:Margin of dolon curling smoothly to distal margin of velum both anteriorly and posteriorly, but dolonal margins not in contact when valves closed.
** 2011, N. Ikeya, K. Ishizaki, T. Hanai, Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda, page 1045:In both cases the histial dolon is united anteriorly with the velar dolon and both genera are also similar in being unisulcate .

#### Antonyms

* posteriorly

#### Derived terms

* dorsoanteriorly
* subanteriorly
* superoanteriorly
* ventroanteriorly
# לשם
## Hebrew
### Etymology

Borrowed from Egyptian nšmt (“amazonite”). The King James Version translates this as ligure, and the Jewish Publication Society of America Version as jacinth.

### Noun

לֶשֶׁם • (léshem) m [pattern: קֶטֶל]
* (Biblical Hebrew) A kind of stone
** Exodus 28:19 and 39:12,
    וְהַטּוּר הַשְּׁלִישִׁי לֶשֶׁם שְׁבוֹ וְאַחְלָמָה.
       V'hatur hash'lishi leshem sh'vo v'achlama.
       And the third row: [leshem], [sh'vo], and [achlama].

#### References

* Ayil, Ephraim S. (2024). "Chapter 9 ‮לֶשֶׁם‬ Lešem—Amazonite". In Identifying the Stones of Classical Hebrew. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004678002_010
* H3958 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

### Anagrams

* משל
* שלם
# romanticisation
## English
### Etymology

From romantic +‎ -isation.

### Noun

romanticisation (countable and uncountable, plural romanticisations)
* Non-Oxford British English standard spelling of romanticization.
** 2018 October 10, Keza MacDonald, “Red Dead Redemption 2: three hours with the most anticipated game of the year”, in The Guardian‎:It gave me more of a Cormac McCarthy vibe than a Westworld one, hinting at the death of the old west, the consequences of America’s rapid industrialisation and the death of a way of life, rather than a straightforward romanticisation of the frontier and its outlaw heroes.
** 2019, Joe Trotta, Zlatan Filipovic, Houman Sadri, Broken Mirrors, page 1995:Life is finally loose, one could say, liberated from its social constrains and sincere in its necessities, its insistence and its arrogative demands, but McCarthy also reveals the implications of life's liberation and, by the same token, unmasks any misplaced romanticisations regarding its disavowal in the polis:
# شکار
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* شکال (šekâl) (dialectal, Kazerun)

### Etymology

Not attested in Middle Persian, though related forms are Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (šklk /⁠škarag⁠/, “bird of prey”), [Book Pahlavi needed] (wškl /⁠wiškar⁠/, “hunting ground”).
Perhaps a loanword from Sogdian 𐽁𐼸𐼰𐽀 (škʾr, “to pursue, to drive”). Both the Middle Persian and the Sogdian are from Proto-Iranian *skar- (“to pursue, to look for (cattle)”), which has no non-Iranian cognates.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃi.ˈkɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɪ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɪ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɪ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃi.kʰɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃe.kʰɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃi.kʰɔ́ɾ]

### Noun

شکار • (šekâr) (plural شکارها (šekâr-hâ))
* hunt, hunting
    Synonyms: نخچیر (naxčir), صید (seyd)
* game, prey
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1310:ما شکاریم این چنین دامی کراست گوی چوگانیم چوگانی کجاستmā šikar-īm īn čunīn dām-ē kirā-st gōy-i čawgān-īm čawganī kujā-stWe are the (hunted) prey: to whom belongs such a (fearful) snare? We are the ball (for the blows) of the polo-bat—and where is the Batsman?

#### Derived terms

* شکار کردن (šekâr kardan, “to hunt”)
* شکارچی (šekârči, “hunter”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: şikar
* → Hindustani:
    Urdu: شکار (śikār)
    Hindi: शिकार (śikār)
* → Northern Kurdish: şikar
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਿਕਾਰ (śikār)
    Shahmukhi script: شکار (śikār)
* → Turkish: şikar

### References

* 1 2 Cheung, Johnny (2007) “skar”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شکار (šikār).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʃɪ.kɑːɾ/
* Rhymes: -ɑːɾ
* Hyphenation: شِ‧کار

### Noun

شِکار • (śikār) m (Hindi spelling शिकार)
* hunt
* prey, catch; victim
    Synonym: نخچیر (naxcīr)

#### Derived terms

* شکاری (śikārī, “hunter”)
* شِکار گاہ (śikār-gāh, “hunting ground”)
* شکارِ ماہی (śikār-e-māhī, “fishing”)
* شِکار پیشَہ (śikār-peśa, “professional hunter”)
* شِکارِ جَرْگَہ (śikār-e-jarga)

### References

* “شکار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شکار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “شکار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “شکار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
# broze
## English
### Noun

broze (plural brozes)
* (Cornwall) A blaze; a great heat.
** 1956, Robert Morton Nance, Federation of Old Cornwall Societies, The Cledry Plays (page 47)
    I'll bush the fire a bit, if you'll leave me do it, and git un up all of a broze under the brandis. (She puts furze on the fire.)

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

broze
* inflection of broos:
** masculine/feminine singular attributive
** definite neuter singular attributive
** plural attributive
# upperpart
## English
### Etymology

From upper +‎ part.

### Noun

upperpart (plural upperparts)
* Any of the upper parts of a bird, including the mantle, back, rump and upper part of the tail coverts
** 1885, Hermann Schlegel, Fredericus Anna Jentink, Notes from the Royal Zoological Museum - Volumes 7-8, page 101:Upperparts of back and tail and outerside of legs a reddish brown grey with a silvery tinge, turning towards the nape to a rich red;

#### Antonyms

* underpart
# untongue
## English
### Etymology

From un- +‎ tongue.

### Verb

untongue (third-person singular simple present untongues, present participle untonguing, simple past and past participle untongued)
* (obsolete, transitive) To deprive of a tongue, or of voice.
** 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI):Especially he ought to untongue it from talking to his prejudice
** 1870, William Carleton, The Fair of Emyvale, and the Master and Scholar. Tales, Etc, page 56:Mark me, they will untongue you ; decudgel you to a very submissive state of conjugal obedience; and , what is still worse, they will actually bamboozle you —that is to say, unless you deviate your transcendent and subterranean courses.
** 1913, Grace Denio Litchfield, Collected Poems, page 212:Yet till thine axe untongue me, I'll maintain Ours was a mighty scheme, and that it failed, Its chiefest fault.
** 2006, Lisa Zaran, “The Great Ones”, in The Blondes Lay Content, page 68:They are the ones who can untongue you, the poet Adler says.
* To take one's tongue off of.
** 2016, Marvel Comics, Power Pack Classic Vol. 1:Unhand me-- er, untongue me, vile monster!
** 2018, Dennis Hopeless, John Barber, Doctor Strange Vol. 5:What?! Hey! Untongue me!
** 2018, Star Wars: Last Shot: A Han and Lando Novel:"Well, tell it to untongue me! " Han demanded.

### Noun

untongue (plural untongues)
* (nonce word) Something that is not a tongue but which does something one associates with a tongue.
** 2005, The Beloit Poetry Journal - Volumes 56-57, page 18:to stay, dying and composing as the untongue licked him toward oblivion and the tenors sang promisisti.
** 2013, Simon Jarvis, Night Office:I see them walking past its world's -end whine knowing this untongue shreds the tender air in perfect meaninglessness.
** 2023, Danger Slater, Alex Woodroe, House of Rot, page 33:What are you building? she said to him in the same unlanguage, using the same untongue.
# erasion
## English
### Etymology

From Latin ērādō (“to erase, to scrape”) + -siō, equivalent to erase +‎ -ion.

### Noun

erasion (countable and uncountable, plural erasions)
* The act of erasing; a rubbing out or obliteration; erasure.
** 1949, Franciscan Studies - Volume 9, page 105:If erasions are found in a text occuring verbatim in another author who continues the material erased, then without a doubt that first author in the particular instance is not original.
** 1998, Yoshinori Koshida, Shusaku Tanabe, Satoshi Murakami, “5852463: Thermal Recording Apparatus and Erasing Method of a Record Therefor”, in Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office, page 3547:[…] followed by the low level driving energy to said heating means for effecting the erasion of the data recorded on the thermal recording media;
** 2006, F. Su, J. Song, S. Cai, “A Vectorization System for Architecture Engineering Drawings”, in Wenyin Liu, Josep Lladós, editor, Graphics Recognition, page 16:The erasion of symbol pixels after recognition is, correspondingly, separated into two cases.
* The surgical removal of tissue by scraping.
** 1888, A. Marmaduke Shield, “Erasion of the Knee Joint”, in Annals of Surgery, volume 7, page 117:A very considerable time must elapse before an operation can assert that a case of excision or erasion of the knee is thoroughly successful.
** 1894, George Henry Rohe, Text-book of hygiene, page 341:The method of erasion—scraping off the epidermis until the papillary layer of the skin is laid bare—is now most requently used in this country.
** 1910, Edred Moss Corner, Operations of general practice:If caseation has taken place it should be treated as elsewhere, by means of incision and erasion; the skin being sutured and the wound kept aseptic when possible.
** 1912, Alfred Herbert Tubby, Deformities, Including Diseases of the Bones and Joints, page 305:Mr. Wright advocates erasion in children in preference to excision on the grounds that there is less interference with the growth of the limb, and mobility may be preserved.
# reedwork
## English
### Etymology

From reed +‎ work.

### Noun

reedwork (uncountable)
* (music) Collectively, the reed stops of an organ.
** 1956, Organ Institute Quarterly - Volumes 6-7, page 3233:This organ has been praised by many intelligent people, particularly for its reedwork, and I must confess that it gave great pleasure when I examined it.
** 1976, Laurence Elvin, Forster and Andrews: Their Barrel, Chamber and Small Church Organs, page 102:The finest reedwork was voiced by a Mr. Jeffrey who brought the art of low pressure reed voicing to a very high standard.
* The craft of weaving reeds or grasses, or the goods produced by this craft.
** 1939, Harry Amoss, L. Helen DeLaporte, Training Handicapped Children, page 73:Metal work, leather work, etc., substituted for woodwork and reedwork during other seasons of the year.
** 1976, Lura LaBarge, Basketmaking from the Beginning, page 41:As a hobby, reedwork may well be the most familiar type of basketmaking, but it is not an American Indian tradition.
** 1994, St Paul's Cathedral Namirembe: A History and Guide, page 9:A highly skilled and attractive craft, reedwork can again be seen at Kasubi .
** 2006, Bryan Hughes, The Schulze Dynasty: Organbuilders 1688-1880, page 150:there was evidence of excessive cutting of the reedwork, with the tongues loaded to improve regulation, not a Schulze practice.
** 2006, Jeff Keshen, Raymond Benjamin Blake, Social Fabric Or Patchwork Quilt, page 71:Others made "plasticine work, women's wool hats, christmas tree decorations, carding buttons, artificial flowers, reedwork ...brushes ... slippers ...... canvas shoes, dresses, millinery ... shirts ... [ and ] flower buttonholes.

### Anagrams

* reworked
# apohyal
## English
### Etymology

From apo- + Ancient Greek ὖ (û, “the letter Y”) + -al.

### Adjective

apohyal (not comparable)
* (anatomy) Of or pertaining to a portion of the horn of the hyoid bone.
** 1883, R. Morrison Watson, “Report on the Anatomy of the Speniscidae collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876”, in Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, page 207:In three species of Spheniscus, namely—Spheniscus magellanicus, Spheniscus demersus, and Spheniscus mendiculus, I found this muscle prolonged forwards to the great cornu of the hyoid bone, to the apohyal element of which it took a distinct attachment .

### Noun

apohyal (plural apohyals)
* The horn of the hyoid bone; ceratohyal.
** 1882, William Yarrell, Alfred Newton, Howard Saunders, A History of British Birds - Volume 2, page 466:Each of these elongations is accompanied by a slender muscle, one end of which is attached to the tip of the apohyal and the other to the lower jaw, so that by its contraction the loop is straightened and the tongue thrust out:
** 1882, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 1882, page 300:The proximal of these is a small nodule of bone, .3 inch long, articulating below with the basihyal; it is called the "apohyal" by Pouchet, but, according to the nomenclature now ordinarily employed, must really be the cerato-hyal .
** 2004, Herve Le Guyader, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire: A Visionary Naturalist, page 162:But is the human hyoid nevertheless absolutely deprived of the lateral parts of the skull? That is not the case. A ligament coming from each small callosity or from the apohyal is prolonged laterally and reaches the extremity of the styloid apophysis.
# 牛屎核
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ghu$^5$ sai$^2$ hug$^8$
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ghu$^5$ sai$^2$ hug$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: gû sái hu̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sai⁵²⁻³⁵ huk̚⁴/

### Noun

牛屎核
* (Teochew) dung beetle

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蜣螂, 虼螂 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 蜣螂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 屎殼郎 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蜣螂, 糞金龜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 屎殼郎 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 屎殼郎 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 屎其亮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 屎殼郎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 屎瓣蝸牛, 婆娘蝸牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 屎巴牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 屎巴牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 屎殼郎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 屎爬牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 屎爬牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 牛糞巴郎, 屎巴郎, 屎殼郎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 屎爬牛, 屎殼郎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 屎爬牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 推屎爬兒, 推屎爬 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 推屎蟲 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 拱屎蟲, 屎殼郎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 拱屎蟲 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 屎殼郎 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屎殼郎子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牛屎龜, 推屎蟲 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屎問蟲 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 憑屎牛 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 拱屎蟲, 屎殼郎 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 豬屎糞公, 牛屎蟲 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 牛屎蟲 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 噴屎公 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 牛屎蟲 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 逩屎蛄 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 逩屎公 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 逩屎蛄 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 豬屎逩蛄 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 逩屎蛄 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 牛屎蛄 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 屎巴牛 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 屎巴牛 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 牛屎龜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 牛屎龜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 牛屎龜, 屎龜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 牛屎龜 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 牛屎核 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 牛屎龜 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 牛屎烏 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 牛屎烏 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 金和尚, 鑽惡蟲 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 屎殼郎, 推屎殼郎 |
| Wu | Danyang | 屎殼郎, 拱屎蟲子 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 笨屎甲, 屎殼郎, 糞屎甲, 硬殼蟲, 滾屎蟲 |
# selfist
## English
### Etymology

From self +‎ -ist.

### Adjective

selfist
* Believing in or practicing selfism.
** 2012, Zadmehr Torabi, Amerrycountry: Autorabiography, page 44:To do this, you should have sympathy for all humanity, and this cannot be done as long as you are a selfish or even selfist person.
** 2015, John P. Powelson, The Institutions of Economic Growth, page 149:To be selfist, one must presume divergence of interest.
** 2018, Michael J. DeValve, Tammy S. Garland, Elizabeth Q. Wright, A Unified Theory of Justice and Crime, page 7:Separateness in selfist thought is transmogrified into a perverted freedom (or set of freedoms), themselves devoid of attendant responsibilities.

### Noun

selfist (plural selfists)
* A selfish person.
** 1860, Isaac Taylor, “Essay I. Ultimate Civilization.”, in Ultimate Civilization and Other Essays, London: Bell and Daldy […], →OCLC, part I, section VIII, pages 96–97:[T]he pretentious wiſdom, and the knowing cautions of men—reputed to be of high ſtanding in phyſiological ſcience, but whoſe philoſophy, as it is that of the materialiſt, ſo does it prompt them to palliate, or even to juſtify, the practices of licentious ſelfiſts.
** 1846, The Christian guardian (and Church of England magazine)., page 306:We have in the priests and elders the selfist prosperous in his schemes, and untouched, unhurt. We have in Judas the selfist wounded and disappointed, beginning to " eat of the fruit of his own way, and to be filled with his own devices."
** 2009, Jay L. Garfield, Tom J.F. Tillemans, Mario D'Amato, Pointing at the Moon: Buddhism, Logic, Analytic Philosophy, page 121:Since a punctualist (or an episodic) believes that the self does not last for long, a puncualist who is also a selfist has pertty much the same problems as a reductionist in justifying future-oriented egoistic concern.
* A proponent of selfism; One who believes in their right and their responsibility to look after their own needs and desires.
** 2013, KRS-One, The Gospel of Hip Hop: The First Instrument:The selfist uses himself to achieve his goals, whereas the selfish uses others to achieve his goals. The selfist gets to a point where he simply must gather up all that is generated by his name and work so that he may properly organize his life; the selfist simply needs time to himself.
** 2015, John P. Powelson, The Institutions of Economic Growth, page 149:The selfist, on the other hand, believes that those same persons wield power to their own advantage only, and care little or not at all about the aspirations of their constituents.
** 2023, Jennifer Breheny Wallace, Never Enough, page 237:To remedy this , she developed the idea of being a "selfist" (not to be confused with selfish), whose needs are just as important as her family's. A selfist ensures that she is well taken care of, too.

### Anagrams

* fistles, fitless, itsself, stifles
# vocule
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vocula, diminutive of vox, vocis (“voice”).

### Noun

vocule (plural vocules)
* (phonetics, archaic) An emphatic aspiration or burst of air.
** 1827, James Rush, The Philosophy of the Human Voice:The emphatic vocule denotes great energy of sentiment
** 1846, J. Weaver ·, A System of Practical Elocution and Rhetorical Gesture, page 213:This vocule is often changed from an aspiration to a vocality, in attempts give strong emphasis on the termination of a word.
** 2003, Jennifer Mandelbaum, Phillip J. Glenn, Curtis D. LeBaron, Studies in Language and Social Interaction, page 396:A vocule is that compact burst of sound that is released after a word has reached is terminus . The vocule is a punctuating and lengthening tactic .

#### Related terms

* vocal
* vocular
* voice
# basaltoid
## English
### Etymology

From basalt +‎ -oid.

### Adjective

basaltoid (comparative more basaltoid, superlative most basaltoid)
* Formed like basalt; basaltiform.
** 2002, Julius Rubinstein, Non-Ferrous Metal Ores: Deposits, Minerals and Plants, page 6:The Grenville state (1,500-1,000 million years ago) is related to the start of a new geosynclinal period dominated by basaltoid vocanicity from which the pyrite-polymetallic deposits of Sullivan type in Canada originate.

### Noun

basaltoid (plural basaltoids)
* Any dark volcanic rock that resembles basalt.
** 2003, Patrick Degryse, Jan Elsen, Industrial Minerals, page 33:Regarding basaltoids, resistance to atmospherical conditions is critical.
** 2020, O.M. Grinev, O.R. Grinev, R.R. Adylbaev, A.A. Bogorodov, “Saralinsky Graben—Devonian Rift of the Kuznetsk-Minusinsk Zone, Altai-Sayan Folded Area”, in Richard Ernst, Vassily V. Vrublevskii, Platon Tishin, editor, Geological Tour of Devonian and Ordovician Magmatism of Kuznetsk Alatau and Minusinsk Basin, page 67:Comparison of microelement compositions of basaltoids of Saralinsky graben and Goryachegorsk volcanic plateau shows a similarity of rare and trace elements distribution, but REE contents in subvolcanic basaltoids of Goryachegorsk plateau are intermediate between high and low contents in enriched and depleted basaltoids of Saralinsky graben.
# self-view
## English
### Etymology

From self- +‎ view.

### Noun

self-view (plural self-views)
* One's conceptualization of oneself; One's sense of identity; self-image.
** 2011, Constantine Sedikides, Steven J. Spencer, The Self, page 164:Modesty, then denotes a moderate self-view—seeing oneself as intermediate, rather than as very positive or very negative, on key personal attributes such as personality traits, abilities and skills, physical appearance, and social behavior. A moderate self-view may be entertained privately or expressed publicly.
** 2013, Joanne V. Wood, Abraham Tesser, John G. Holmes, The Self and Social Relationships, page 57:From this vantage point, it was the personality flaw, rather than the negative self-view, that caused people with negative self-views to embrace negative evaluations and evaluators.
** 2013, Robert M. Arkin, Kathryn C. Oleson, Patrick J. Carroll, Handbook of the Uncertain Self:That is, if people are highly certain of their self-view when they reach Phase 2, they will be inclined to compare the feedback with their own self-conceptualization if the necessary cognitive resources are available.
** 2018, Johnmarshall Reeve, Understanding Motivation and Emotion, page 261:Once an individual establishes a well-articulated self-schema in a particular domain, he generally acts to preserve that self-view.
* (obsolete) carefulness or regard for one's own interests
** 1597, Thomas Middleton, The Wisdom of Solomon Paraphrased:But mark the punishment which did ensue Upon those ill-misleading villanies; They blinded were themselves with their self view, and fell into their own-made miseries;
** 1751, Elizabeth Justice, Amelia, Or, the Distress'd Wife, page 34:nor can I say thet either of them loved without some Self-view. Amelia plainly saw into the Falseness of their Tempers, look'd upon it as a Misfortune to be married into such a Family, and only made this Use of it, to avoid the Crime in herself .
** 1760 July 1, Dr. William Smith, Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury:God who knows the Heart, sees that I have no Self-view in these matters.
** 1860, Emanuel Swedenborg, A New Translation of Some Part of Swedenborg's Theological Works, page 605:But they who turn to themselves and to the world, are capable of receiving no instreaming from the Lord or from heaven, thus, not of being in any state of being enlightened and in a perception of what is true; for the world, from a self-view, glides in, and quite quenches, or drives back, or perverts whatever comes from heaven.
** 1915, Hudson Maxim, Defenseless America, page xiv:Every one has his pet egoistic illusion always under the spotlight of self-view; to him , his own importance is a veritable obsession.