# cholera
## English
### Etymology

From Latin cholera (“bilious disease”), from Ancient Greek χολέρα (kholéra, “cholera”). Doublet of choler.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɒləɹə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈkɑləɹə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: chol‧e‧ra

### Noun

cholera (countable and uncountable, plural choleras)
* (pathology) Any of several acute infectious diseases of humans and domestic animals, caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration.
** 1895, H. G. Wells, The Stolen Bacillus:'This again,' said the Bacteriologist, slipping a glass slide under the microscope, 'is a preparation of the celebrated Bacillus of cholera - the cholera germ.'
** 1950 January, “Notes and News: George Bradshaw's Grave”, in Railway Magazine, pages 61–62:At that time, the city [Christiania, now Oslo] was in the grip of a cholera epidemic, and victims were dying at the rate of 60 a day. Bradshaw contracted the disease, and died on September 6 [1853].

#### Derived terms

* anticholera
* Asiatic cholera
* British cholera
* chicken cholera
* cholera horn
* choleraic
* cholera infantum
* choleralike
* cholera morbus
* cholerigenous
* cholerization
* cholerized
* choleroid
* English cholera
* epidemic cholera
* fowl cholera
* hog cholera
* Indian cholera
* noncholera

#### Related terms

* choler

#### Translations
### See also

* gastroenteritis

### Anagrams

* Laroche, achelor, chorale, choreal

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cholera.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈxolɛra]
* Hyphenation: cho‧le‧ra

### Noun

cholera f
* cholera

#### Related terms

* cholerický
* cholerik

### Further reading

* “cholera”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “cholera”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “cholera”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cholera, from Ancient Greek χολέρα (kholéra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxoː.ləˌraː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: cho‧le‧ra

### Noun

cholera f or m (uncountable)
* cholera

#### Usage notes

* Cholera is the neutral name for the disease. The older terms "kolere" and "klere" are now considered vulgar or offensive.

#### Related terms

* klere
* kolere

#### Descendants

* → Papiamentu: kólera

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek χολέρᾰ (kholéră).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkʰo.le.ra/, [ˈkʰɔɫ̪ɛrä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈko.le.ra/, [ˈkɔːlerä]

### Noun

cholera f (genitive cholerae); first declension
* cholera

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: còlera
* English: cholera
* French: colère, choléra
* Italian: collera
* Russian: холе́ра (xoléra)
* Sicilian: còlira
* Spanish: cólera

### References

* “cholera”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "cholera", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* cholera in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin cholera, from Ancient Greek χολέρᾰ (kholéră).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xɔˈlɛ.ra/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /xɔˈlɛ.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛra
* Syllabification: cho‧le‧ra

### Noun

cholera f
* (pathology) cholera
* (colloquial, mildly vulgar) pest, nuisance (irritating person)
    Jesteś cholerą! ― You're a bastard!

#### Derived terms

* cholerny
* cholerstwo
* iść w cholerę

#### Related terms

* cholernie

### Interjection

cholera
* (mildly vulgar) damn!

### Further reading

* cholera in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cholera in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1889) “cholera”, in Jagodne: wieś w powiecie łukowskim, gminie Dąbie: zarys etnograficzny (in Polish), Warsaw: M. Arct, page 240

## Slovak
### Etymology

Derived from Latin cholera (“bilious disease”), from Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ, “bile”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈxɔʎera]

### Noun

cholera f (relational adjective cholerový)
* cholera

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “cholera”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃoˈleɾa/ [t͡ʃoˈle.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: cho‧le‧ra

### Noun

cholera f (plural choleras)
* female equivalent of cholero