# 偈

| 偈 | U+5048, &#20552; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5048 |
| ← 假 [U+5047] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 偉 → [U+5049] |

## Translingual
### Han character

偈 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人日心女 (OAPV), four-corner 2622$_7$, composition ⿰亻曷)
* brave
* martial
* hasty
* scudding

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 110, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 836
* Dae Jaweon: page 234, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 191, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5048

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrads, *ɡrad): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jié (jie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): git$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): geh$^7$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiat / kia̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jié
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jié
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$
*** Yale: jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: git$^6$
*** Yale: giht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: git$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːt̚²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: geh$^7$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ge̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: geh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat / kia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: kiat / kia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiad, kiat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚³²/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵/, /kiɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²/, /kiɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²/, /kiɛt̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: gjet
Rime :
| Character | 偈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠列切 |
| Baxter | gjet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrad/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 偈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 5056 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 傑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrad/ |

#### Definitions

偈
* (literary, obsolete) (of a vehicle) rapid; riding swiftly
    Synonym: 疾 (jí)
* (literary, obsolete) brave, valiant
    Synonyms: 武 (wǔ), 朅 (qiè)

#### Compounds

* 偈偈

### Etymology 2

* 偈
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jì (ji$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gai$^{6-2}$ / gai$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gai$^{5*}$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khì
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^4$
*** Yale: jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gai$^{6-2}$ / gai$^6$
*** Yale: gái / gaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gai$^{6-2}$ / gai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gei$^{6-2}$ / gei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/, /kɐi̯²²/
* gai6-2 - vernacular (all senses);
* gai6 - literary (reserved for Buddhist senses).
* Middle Chinese: gjejH
Rime :
| Character | 偈 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (37) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 其憩切 |
| Baxter | gjejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gjiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrads/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 偈 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 5018 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 偈 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrads/ |
| Notes | 梵譯ɡātha |

#### Definitions

偈
* (Buddhism) Short for 偈陀 (jìtuó, “gatha”).
* (Cantonese) talk; chat; conversation

#### Compounds

* 佛偈 (fójì)
* 偈子
* 偈文 (jìwén)
* 偈言
* 偈頌 / 偈颂 (jìsòng)
* 傾偈 / 倾偈 (king1 gai6-2) (Cantonese)
* 傾閒偈 / 倾闲偈 (king$^1$ haan$^4$ gai$^{6-2}$) (Cantonese)
* 啱偈 (Cantonese)
* 密偈
* 話事偈 / 话事偈 (Cantonese)
* 閒偈 / 闲偈 (Cantonese)

### Etymology 3

* 偈 (Cantonese)
Borrowed from English gear.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): gai$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gai$^2$
*** Yale: gái
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gai$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐi̯³⁵/

#### Definitions

偈 (Cantonese)
* engine (Classifier: 副 c)
* (figurative) body; health (Classifier: 副 c)
* (figurative) body; figure; build (Classifier: 副 c)

##### Synonyms

* (engine):
* engine (Cantonese)
* 動力機 / 动力机 (dònglìjī)
* 引擎 (yǐnqíng)
* 摩打 (mo$^1$ daa$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 摩托
* 發動機 / 发动机 (fādòngjī)
* 馬擎 / 马擎 (Hokkien)
* 馬擎仔 / 马擎仔 (Hokkien)
* 馬達 / 马达 (mǎdá)

#### Compounds

* 偈油
* 大偈
* 爆偈

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 偈 – see 憩 (“to rest”). (This character is an obsolete form of 憩).

### References

* “偈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “偈”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 101.
* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “偈”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00114

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: げ (ge)、げち (gechi)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)、けつ (ketsu)
* Kun: いこう (ikou, 偈う)

## Korean
### Hanja

偈 • (ge, geol) (hangeul 게, 걸, revised ge, geol, McCune–Reischauer ke, kŏl)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

偈: Hán Việt readings: khế, kệ
偈: Hán Nôm readings: kệ, kẹ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.