# 翻筋斗
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fān jīndǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄉㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^1$ gan$^1$ dau$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fān jīndǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄉㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fan jindǒu
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^1$ chin$^1$-tou$^3$
*** Yale: fān jīn-dǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fan jindoou
*** Palladius: фань цзиньдоу (fanʹ czinʹdou)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ toʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^1$ gan$^1$ dau$^2$
*** Yale: fāan gān dáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^1$ gan$^1$ dau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^1$ gen$^1$ deo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵ tɐu̯³⁵/

### Verb

翻筋斗
* (regional) to somersault
* (regional, figuratively) to suffer a failure or setback
    From: 1957, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《關於正確處理人民內部矛盾的問題》 (On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
    Duìyú gémìng wǒmen kāishǐ yě méiyǒu jīngyàn, fān guò jīndǒu, qǔdé le jīngyàn, ránhòu cái yǒu quánguó de shènglì. [Pinyin]
    Neither had we any experience in revolution when we first started, and it was only after we had taken a number of tumbles and acquired experience that we won nation-wide victory.
* (regional, figuratively) to engage in speculation

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 翻跟頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 翻跟頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 翻跟斗, 翻筋斗, 翻跟頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 翻跟頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 張跟頭兒, 翻跟頭兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 翻跟頭兒, 吃跟頭兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 翻跟頭, 栽跟頭, 折跟頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 翻毛跟斗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 翻跟頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 栽跟頭, 翻跟頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 栽跟頭, 翻跟頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 翻跟頭, 打跟頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 翻跟頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 翻跟頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 翻跟斗兒, 打跟斗兒, 栽跟斗兒, 扯倒提 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 打跟頭, 翻跟頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 翻跟斗, 打跟斗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 翻跟斗, 打跟斗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 翻跟頭, 踏跟頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 翻跟頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 翻跟頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 打關斗, 打大翻 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 打間斗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 打清秋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 倒轉來 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 打君斗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 打千斗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 翻跟斗, 打跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 翻跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 翻跟斗 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 打關斗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 打關斗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 翻跟斗 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 打痴車, 翻跟頭 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 打筋斗, 翻筋斗, 栽筋斗 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 打觔斗, 種觔斗 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 打筋斗, 打筋頭 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 打筋斗 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 打觔斗, 種觔斗 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 打觔斗, 種觔斗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 打觔斗, 種觔斗 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 種觔斗, 碾觔斗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 打觔斗, 種觔斗 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 貶輪轉 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 打翻車 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 翻跟斗, 打跟斗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 翻斤頭 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 打尖頭 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𢫦蹦斗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 拍滾斗 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 拋捙輾斗, 拋輾斗, 拋捙輾, 捙拋輾斗, 反輾狗仔, 反狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 拋輾斗, 拋捙輾, 反狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 拋捙輾 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 拋捙輾斗, 拋輾斗, 捙糞斗, 捙反輾狗仔, 捙反輾狗, 反輾狗仔, 反狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 捙糞斗, 拋捙輾 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 拋輾斗 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 反加薦, 反輾狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 捙糞斗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 躍跤仔輾 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 反輦狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 反死狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 拋輦斗 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 拋輾狗 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 拋輾狗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 拋輾斗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 幺輦斗 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 拍輦斗 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 翻跟斗 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 翻跟斗, 打跟斗 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 躥跟斗, 翻跟斗 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 栽跟斗, 顛跟斗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 扦跟多 |
| Wu | Danyang | 翻跟頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 翻跟頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 翻筋倒, 翻頂倒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 翻筋倒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 翻跟斗, 打滾斗 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 打畚斗兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 打筋斗 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 打筋斗, 翻筋斗 |

## Japanese
### Etymology

Kanji in this term :
| 翻 | 筋 | 斗 |
| まんどり |||
| Grade: S | Grade: 6 | Grade: S |
| jukujikun |||
* Alternative spelling
* 飜筋斗 (kyūjitai)
Sound change of 戻(もど)り (modori, “return”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もんどり [mòńdórí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [mõ̞ndo̞ɾʲi]

### Noun

翻筋斗(もんどり) • (mondori)
* somersault
    Synonyms: 宙返り (chūgaeri), 蜻蛉返り (tonbogaeri)

#### Derived terms

* 翻筋斗(もんどり)打(う)つ (mondoriutsu, “to do a somersault”)