# multiplier
## English
### Etymology

From multiply +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* enPR: mŭlʹ-tĭ-plī'-ər, IPA: /ˈmʌltɪˌplaɪəɹ/
** (UK) IPA: [ˈmʌɫ.tɪˌplaɪ.ə(ɹ)]
** (US) IPA: [ˈmʌɫ.tɪˌplaɪ.ɚ]
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: mul‧ti‧pli‧er

### Noun

multiplier (plural multipliers)
* (arithmetic) A number by which another (the multiplicand) is to be multiplied.
    In the expression 5 × 7, the "5" is a multiplier.
    The score multiplier increases each time you complete a level of the video game.
** 1997, Christopher Alan White, The Development of Ab Initio Methods for the Treatment of Large Molecules:The electron number constraint unlike the idempotency constraint can be represented by a single equation. For this reason, one can properly incorporate this constraint using a Lagrange multiplier and defining an effective chemical potential
** 2018, Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, Recursive macroeconomic theory, 4th edition, MIT Press, page 129:After studying a recursive formulation and the associated Bellman equation, in section 5.5 we analyze a Lagrangian formulation that provides useful insights about how Lagrange multipliers on transition laws relate to gradients of value functions.
* (grammar) An adjective indicating the number of times something is to be multiplied.
    English multipliers include "double" and "triple".
* (economics) A ratio used to estimate total economic effect for a variety of economic activities.
** 2024 November 3, Will Hutton, “Investment drives growth. That’s why gloomy forecasters are so wrong about the budget”, in The Guardian‎:There is a second-round effect of crowding in higher private investment as public sector contractors tool up to meet the public contracts, and then a third – as all firms adjust to the higher level of demand by raising business investment levels – of more crowding in and so-called “multiplier effects”.
* (physics) Any of several devices used to enhance a signal
** (physics, obsolete) a coil; when Johann Schweigger in 1820 invented the electric coil, increasing the electro-magnetic field from a single wire, this invention was called a multiplier.
* A multiplier onion.
** 1995, Marian Coonse, Onions, Leeks and Garlic: A Handbook for Gardeners, page 52:Shallots are the most prolific of all the multipliers, and easier to grow than onions.

#### Hypernyms

* (arithmetic): operand

#### Coordinate terms

* (grammar): cardinal number, distributive number, ordinal number

#### Derived terms

* electron multiplier
* force multiplier
* frequency multiplier
* function multiplier
* multiplier effect
* voltage multiplier

#### See also

Other terms used in arithmetic operations:
* successor
* addition, summation:
    (augend) + (addend) = (total)
    (summand) + (summand) + (summand)... = (sum)
* subtraction:
    (minuend) − (subtrahend) = (difference)
* multiplication, factorization:
    (multiplier) × (multiplicand) = (product)
    (factor) × (factor) × (factor)... = (product)
* division:
    (dividend) ÷ (divisor) = (quotient)
    (numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient)
       Or sometimes = (quotient) with (remainder) remaining
* exponentiation:
    (base) = (power)
* root extraction:
    √ (radicand) = (root)
* logarithmization:
    log$_{(base)}$ (antilogarithm) = (logarithm)
Advanced hyperoperations: tetration, pentation, hexation
* mechanical torque multiplier
* power multiplier (outlet)

### Anagrams

* multiperil

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French multiplier, learned remodelling of Old French molteplier, moltepleier (also monteplier), from Latin multiplicāre. By surface analysis, multi- +‎ plier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /myl.ti.pli.je/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

multiplier
* (mathematics) to multiply
* to multiply
* (reflexive) to multiply, to increase

#### Related terms

* multiplicatif
* multiplication

### Further reading

* “multiplier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.