# extra
## English
### Etymology

Abbreviation of extraordinary.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /ˈɛkstɹə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Hyphenation: ex‧tra

### Adjective

extra (not generally comparable, comparative more extra, superlative most extra)
* (not comparable) Beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; extraneous; additional; supernumerary.
    I don't mind doing some extra work, as long as I get extra pay.
* (not comparable, dated) Extraordinarily good; superior.
* (comparable, slang) Over the top; going beyond what is normal or appropriate, often in a dramatic manner.
    You unfollowed her for posting cat memes? You're so extra!
    Wow, you're more extra than she is. You're the most extra friend I have.
** 2017, Yael Livneh, "Whole Foods", in "Get The Inside Soup: Staffers Review Local Soup Stops", 3 February 2017, page 23:
    I highly recommend getting some more bread on the side—they offer small loaves and soup crackers for free, but I'm so extra, I bought my own loaf.
** 2017 November, Claire Craig, “#Instabeauty”, in Northern Woman, page 48:Shattered glass, pierced, bejewelled, chromed and glittered - nails are going totally extra on Insta at the minute and we approve.
** 2019, Michelle Spottswood, quoted in Kirby Myers, "Does Christmas in your house start before or after Thanksgiving", Key West Weekly, 21 November 2019, page 7:
    Two months of Christmas trees, Christmas movies and Christmas music brings so much fun to our home, we are so extra with it!
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:extra.

#### Derived terms

* ab extra
* extra base hit
* extracondensed
* extra cover
* extra dictionem
* extra ends
* extra extra extra large
* extra extra extra small
* extra extra large
* extra extra small
* extra inning
* extra innings
* extra large
* extralong
* extraness
* extraordinary
* extra pair of hands
* extra point
* extra service
* extra small
* extra time
* extra virgin
* exurb
* go the extra mile
* superextra

#### Translations
### Adverb

extra (not comparable)
* (informal) To an extraordinary degree.
    That day he ran to school extra fast.

#### Translations
### Noun

extra (plural extras)
* Something additional, such as an item above and beyond the ordinary school curriculum, or added to the usual charge on a bill.
    Synonyms: addition, supplement
* An extra edition of a newspaper, which is printed outside of the normal printing cycle, for example to report an important late-breaking event.
    Extra, extra! Read all about it!
* (cricket) A run scored without the ball having hit the striker's bat - a wide, bye, leg bye or no ball.
    Synonym: sundry
* (acting) A supernumerary or walk-on in a film or play.
* (slang) The state or trait of being over the top, of behaving in an overly dramatic manner.
    Stop! I can't deal with all your extra today!
* Something of an extra quality or grade. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

#### Synonyms

* (something additional): See also Thesaurus:adjunct

#### Derived terms

* extra credit
* Romsey Extra
* sextra
* wuxtry

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Anagrams

* Artex, retax, taxer

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈɛks.tɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈeks.tɾa]

### Adjective

extra (invariable)
* of the highest quality

### Adjective

extra m or f (masculine and feminine plural extres)
* extra (beyond what is due)

### Noun

extra m or f by sense (plural extres)
* extra, walk-on

### Further reading

* “extra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “extra”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “extra” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “extra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin extra, influenced by French and Middle French extraordinaire.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛks.traː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: extra

### Adverb

extra
* extra

### Adjective

extra (not comparable)
* extra
* (Limburg) on purpose

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: ekstra

### Noun

extra m (plural extra's, diminutive extraatje n)
* something extra, something in addition

#### See also

* expres

## French
### Adjective

extra (plural extras)
* extra, additional
* great, super, famous

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: ekstra
* → Greek: έξτρα (éxtra)

### Noun

extra m or f by sense (plural extras)
* extra, supplement

### Further reading

* “extra”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛks.tʁa/
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

extra (strong nominative masculine singular extraer, not comparable)
* (colloquial) Alternative form of extra- (“extra, special, additional”)
    Das is’n ganz extra Rezept von meiner Mutter. ― This is a very special recipe of my mother’s.

#### Usage notes

* In formal standard German, extra- is a prefix attached to the following noun. In colloquial German, however, it is often treated like a real adjective. The substantival (or partitive) form used with indefinite pronouns may also take -s: was Extras (“something additional, something on top”).

### Adverb

extra
* specifically (for a given purpose)
    Synonym: eigens
    Das Wrack wurde mit extra entworfenen Bergungskränen gehoben. ― The wreck was lifted with specifically designed salvage cranes.
* (colloquial) on purpose
    Synonyms: absichtlich, mit Absicht
    Das hab ich doch nich’ extra gemacht! ― I didn't do that on purpose!
* (colloquial) aside, apart, separately
    Synonyms: einzeln, getrennt, separat
    Können Sie mir die Fritten und die Wurst extra abpacken? ― Could you wrap the fries and the sausage separately?
* (colloquial) particularly, very
    Synonyms: besonders, sehr
    Vorsicht! Der Tee is’ extra heiß! ― Be careful! The tea is extra hot!

#### Usage notes

* In the sense of “specifically”, extra has entered the standard language and is now frequently seen in writing. The other senses remain colloquial.

### Further reading

* “extra” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “extra” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From German extra, from Latin extra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛkstrɒ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ext‧ra
* Rhymes: -rɒ

### Adjective

extra (comparative extrább, superlative legextrább)
* extra (beyond what is due, usual, expected, or necessary; extraneous; additional)
    extra kiadások ― extra expenses

#### Declension
### Noun

extra (plural extrák)
* luxury features (e.g. in vehicles)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* extra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* extra in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ekstra/, /eɡztra/

### Adjective

extra
* extra

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛk.stra/, /ˈɛ.stra/
* Rhymes: -ɛkstra, -ɛstra
* Hyphenation: èx‧tra

### Adjective

extra (invariable)
* extra
* select (best quality)

### Noun

extra m (invariable)
* extra (something additional)

### Preposition

extra
* outside of, aside from, not including

### References

* ↑ extra in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Latin
### Etymology

Adverb contracted from the ablative exterā (parte), of exter.
The change from instrumental/ablative to accusative is caused by *-teros used adverbially.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈek.straː/, [ˈɛks̠t̪räː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈek.stra/, [ˈɛkst̪rä]

### Adverb

extrā (comparative exterius, no superlative)
* on the outside
    Synonyms: extrīnsecus, forīs

### Preposition

extrā (+ accusative)
* outside of
* beyond

#### Derived terms

* extrā omnēs (“out, all of you; everybody else, out”)
* extrāneus
* extrārius

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: strã-
* Emilian: strasoura, strasora (extra + horam)
* Italian: stra-
* Old French: estre
* Old Occitan: estra
* Old Spanish: gestra
* Romanian: stră-
* Sicilian: stra-, nestra (in + extra)
* → English: extra-
* → Friulian: stra-
* → Italian: extra-, estra-
* → Portuguese: extra-
* → Romanian: extra-
* → French: extra-
* → Spanish: extra-

### References

* “extra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “extra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* extra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen extra ripas diffluit to go outside the gate: extra portam egredi joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3) to pass the limit: extra modum prodire beyond all measure: extra, praeter modum to be free from blame: extra culpam esse to be out of range: extra teli iactum, coniectum esse
* extra in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
* Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “extra”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 232
* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “extra”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 3: D–F, page 330

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛs.tɾɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛs.tɾɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈeʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈes.tɾa/, /ˈɛs.tɾa/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɐjʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɐjʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈejʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
** (Central Portugal) IPA: /ˈejʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ˈeʃ.tɾɐ/, /ˈɛʃ.tɾɐ/
* Hyphenation: ex‧tra

### Adjective

extra m or f (plural extras)
* extra (beyond what is due, usual, expected or necessary)
    Synonym: adicional

### Noun

extra m (plural extras)
* anything that is extra
* bonus (extra amount of money given as a premium)
    Synonym: bónus

### Noun

extra m or f by sense (plural extras)
* (film) extra; walk-on (actor in a small role with no dialogue)
    Synonym: figurante

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeɡstɾa/ [ˈeɣ̞s.t̪ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɡstɾa
* Syllabification: ex‧tra

### Adjective

extra m or f (masculine and feminine plural extras)
* additional, extra
* superior
* extraordinary
    Synonym: extraordinario

#### Derived terms

* aceite de oliva extra virgen
* horas extras
* paga extra

### Noun

extra m or f by sense (plural extras)
* extra (in a film)

### Further reading

* “extra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

extra
* extra

#### Related terms

* extrainkomst
* extraknäck
* extraordinarie
* extraordinär
* extrapolera
* extrapris
* extravagant

### Adverb

extra
* extra