# mund
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English and Old English mund, from Proto-Germanic *mundō (“hand, protection, security”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʊnd/, /mʌnd/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʊnd, -ʌnd

### Noun

mund (countable and uncountable, plural munds)
* (obsolete) A hand.
* (obsolete) Security, granted by a king or earl, the violation of which was punished by a fine (a mundbyrd).
* (obsolete) Protection; guardianship.

#### Derived terms

* mundbreach

### Anagrams

* UNDM

## Albanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmund/

### Etymology 1

Uncertain: Possibly:
* From Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”), though there's no evidence supporting the fall of the velar.
* A nasal-infixed formation from the root *mewd-, whence also mudà (“possibility”), mudúoti (“to try, attempt”) and Sanskrit मुद् (mud, “to be happy, rejoice”).
* From Proto-Indo-European *men(s)dʰh₁- (“to pay attention, wisdom”).
* Akin to Lithuanian išmintìs (“to be able”), išmėginti (“try”), išmintìs (“wisdom”).

#### Alternative forms

* mundënj — Arvanitika, Arbëresh
* mûj, muj — Gheg

#### Verb

mund (aorist munda, participle mundur)
* (intransitive) can, to be able to; to have the opportunity, power or ability
* followed by të
** grammatical particle used for conjunctive forms
    A mund të më tregoni shtëpinë?Could you show me the house?
** (third person) could be possible; possibly, maybe, perhaps (used as a semi-auxiliary verb)
* to beat, win over, conquer
* (transitive) to defeat, beat; to emerge victorious (in a match, battle)
* to survive, get over, beat (a fear, illness, disease)
* (figurative, third person) take over (with short pronoun forms)
    Më mundi gjumi.The sleep took over me
* (mediopassive) See mundem.

##### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

##### Derived terms

* mundbjerrët
* mundem
* mundës m
* mundësi f
* mundësisht
* mundim m
* mundimshëm
* mundoj
* mundqar m
* mundshëm
* mundzi

#### References

* ↑ Çabej, E. (1986) Studime gjuhësore (in Albanian), volume I, Prishtinë: Rilindja, pages 357–358
* ↑ Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997) “mund”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi
* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mund”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 277–278
* ↑ Meyer, G. (1891) “mund”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 291
* ↑ Jokl, Norbert (1911) Studien zur albanesischen Etymologie und Wortbildung (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften; 168) (in German), Vienna: A. Hölder, page 58
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “3. men”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 727
* ↑ Werner Winter (1965) Evidence for Laryngeals, The Hague, Mouton, →OCLC, page 138

### Etymology 2

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *men(s)dʰh₁-. Compare Old Norse munda (“aim, strive”), Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽 (mundōn, “look up”), Old High German muntar (“keen, eager”), Ancient Greek μανθάνω (manthánō, “learn”), Lithuanian mañdras (“alert, awake, smart, minxish”).

#### Alternative forms

* mûn — Gheg

#### Noun

mund m (definite mundi)
* agony, toil, great effort
* arduous and hard work (that pays off)
* tribulation, cause of trouble or suffer

##### Derived terms

* mundim m
* mundje f
* mundur

##### Related terms

* Muji

#### Further reading

* “mund”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse muðr, munnr, from Proto-Germanic *munþaz, cognate with English mouth, German Mund.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /monˀ/, [ˈmɔnˀ]

### Noun

mund c (singular definite munden, plural indefinite munde)
* mouth (the opening of an animal through which food is ingested)

#### Derived terms

* mundaflæsning
* mundart
* mundbevægelse
* mundbind
* mundblæse
* munde
* mundfuld
* mundharmonika
* mundharpe
* mundheld
* mundhugges
* mundkurv
* mundlam
* mundlæder
* mundret
* mundskænk
* mundstykke
* mundtlig
* mundtøj
* mundvand
* mundvig
* overmund
* slikmund
* trutmund
* undermund

#### See also

* mund on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$

### Verb

mund
* imperative of munde

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʏnt/
* Rhymes: -ʏnt

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse mund, from Proto-Germanic *mundō.

#### Noun

mund f (genitive singular mundar, nominative plural mundir)
* (poetic) hand
    Synonym: hönd

##### Derived terms

* morgunstund gefur gull í mund (“the early bird catches the worm”)

### Etymology 2

Related to Old Norse munda (“to aim, to strive”), Old High German muntar (“keen, eager”), from Proto-Germanic *mundraz (“alert”).

#### Noun

mund f (genitive singular mundar, nominative plural mundir) or mund n (genitive singular munds, no plural)
* used only in set phrases

##### Derived terms

* í sömu mund/í sama mund (“at the same time”)
* um þær mundir (“in those days, around that time”)

##### Related terms

* mundur

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* munde, mounde, mound

### Etymology

From Old English mund, from Proto-Germanic *mundō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /muːnd/, /mund/

### Noun

mund (plural moundes or munden)
* Might, ability, or skill.
* Magnitude, greatness, utility, or usefulness.
* (rare) Protection, guarding, defence
* (rare) A hand, especially as a measurement.
* (rare) A band of warriors or fighters.

#### Descendants

* English: mound, mund
* Scots: moond

#### References

* “mǒund(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-20.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *mundō (“hand, guard, security”). Cognate with Old Frisian mund, Old Saxon mund.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mund/

### Noun

mund f (nominative plural munda or munde)
* (poetic) hand, palm as a measure of length
* trust, security, protection
* protector, guardian

#### Usage notes

Although mund is grammatically feminine, names formed with this element are always masculine.

#### Declension

Strong ō-stem:

#### Derived terms

* mundbyrd
* mundgripe
* Æsċmund
* Æþelmund
* Badumund
* Bēagmund
* Beorhtmund
* Beornmund
* Byrhtmund
* Ċēolmund
* Cūþmund
* Cynemund
* Dæġmund
* Ēadmund
* Ēanmund
* Ēastmund
* Eċġmund
* Freoþomund
* Gārmund
* Godmund
* Gūþmund
* Hēahmund
* Nōþmund
* Ōsmund
* Pleġmund
* Sǣmund
* Siġemund
* Torhtmund
* Wærmund
* Wihtmund
* Wilmund

#### Descendants

* Middle English: mund, mound
** English: mound, mund

### References

* ↑ Elizabeth Okasha (2011) Women's Names in Old English, London, England: Routledge, page 5

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin mundus.

### Noun

mund oblique singular, m (oblique plural munz or muntz, nominative singular munz or muntz, nominative plural mund)
* the world

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *munþ.

### Noun

mund m
* (anatomy) mouth

#### Declension
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *mundō (“hand”). Further cognates see there.

### Noun

mund f
* hand

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: mund
* Old Swedish: mund
* Old Danish: mund

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “mund”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* mond (Surmiran)
* muond (Puter, Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin mundus.

### Noun

mund m (plural munds)
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) world

## Swedish
### Noun

mund c
* (archaic) a mouth
    Synonym: mun

#### Derived terms

* inmundiga

### References

* mund in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)