# 販

| 販 | U+8CA9, &#36009; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA9 |
| ← 貨 [U+8CA8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 貪 → [U+8CAA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

販 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹水 (BCHE), four-corner 6184$_7$, composition ⿰貝反)

#### Derived characters

* 𢴔

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1205, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36679
* Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3627, character 5
* Unihan data for U+8CA9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 販
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 扳 | *praːn, *pʰraːn |
| 板 | *praːnʔ |
| 版 | *praːnʔ |
| 瓪 | *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ |
| 昄 | *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ |
| 鈑 | *praːnʔ |
| 蝂 | *praːnʔ |
| 眅 | *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ |
| 阪 | *braːnʔ, *panʔ |
| 魬 | *braːnʔ |
| 粄 | *paːnʔ |
| 反 | *panʔ, *pʰan |
| 返 | *panʔ |
| 坂 | *panʔ |
| 畈 | *pans |
| 販 | *pans |
| 汳 | *pʰans |
| 飯 | *bonʔ, *bons |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pans): semantic 貝 (“cowry”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

### Etymology

The exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. "to make someone return"”) (Schuessler, 2007).
STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fàn (fan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^3$ / faan$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fan
    (Hailu, HRS): fan$^ˇ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^4$ / huong$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phòaⁿ / hoàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^3$ / huêng$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$fe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$
*** Yale: fàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
*** Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^3$ / faan$^5$
*** Yale: faan / fáahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^3$ / faan$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^3$ / fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn³³/, /faːn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
*** Hakka Romanization System: fan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fan$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
*** Sinological IPA : /huɑŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hua̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòaⁿ / hoàn
*** Tâi-lô: phuànn / huàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phvoax, hoaxn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuã⁴¹/, /huan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰuã¹¹/, /huan¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰuã²¹/, /huan²¹/
* phòaⁿ - vernacular (“to sell wholesale; to imitate rigidly”);
* hoàn - literary.
* Middle Chinese: pjonH
Rime :
| Character | 販 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方願切 |
| Baxter | pjonH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʉɐn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʷiɐn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuɐn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /piuɐn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭwɐn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯wɐn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pans/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 販 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2973 |
| Phonetic component | 反 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 販 |
| Old Chinese | /*pans/ |

### Definitions

販
* to deal in; to trade in; to traffic
* peddler; hawker; trader; monger; street merchant
* (Hokkien) to sell wholesale
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to imitate rigidly; to follow closely

### Compounds

* 人口販子 / 人口贩子
* 人販子 / 人贩子 (rénfànzi)
* 商販 / 商贩 (shāngfàn)
* 報販 / 报贩 (bàofàn)
* 小販 / 小贩 (xiǎofàn)
* 屠販 / 屠贩
* 山林屠販 / 山林屠贩
* 攤販 / 摊贩 (tānfàn)
* 流動攤販 / 流动摊贩
* 營販 / 营贩
* 票販子 / 票贩子 (piàofànzi)
* 私販 / 私贩
* 稗販 / 稗贩
* 興販 / 兴贩
* 行販 / 行贩
* 裨販 / 裨贩
* 販君 / 贩君
* 販售 / 贩售 (fànshòu)
* 販土 / 贩土
* 販夫走卒 / 贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
* 販子 / 贩子
* 販官鬻爵 / 贩官鬻爵
* 販弄 / 贩弄
* 販毒 / 贩毒 (fàndú)
* 販私 / 贩私 (fànsī)
* 貨販子 / 货贩子
* 販賣 / 贩卖 (fànmài)
* 販賣人口 / 贩卖人口
* 販賣機 / 贩卖机 (fànmàijī)
* 販賣部 / 贩卖部
* 販鹽虜 / 贩盐虏
* 量販 / 量贩 (liàngfàn)
* 量販店 / 量贩店 (liàngfàndiàn)
* 馬販子 / 马贩子 (mǎfànzi)
* 駝販 / 驼贩
* 魚販 / 鱼贩 (yúfàn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* marketing
* sell
* trade

#### Readings

* Go-on: ほん (hon)
* Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
* Kun: あきなう (akinau, 販う)

## Korean
### Hanja

販 • (pan) (hangeul 판, revised pan, McCune–Reischauer p'an, Yale phan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

販: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.