# मूल
## Hindi
### Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla), from Sanskrit मूल (mūla). Cognate with Gujarati મૂળ (mūḷ) and Bengali মূল (mul).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /muːl/

### Adjective

मूल • (mūl) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling مول)
* original, basic, fundamental
* native, indigenous
* ancient, continually existent

#### Synonyms

* (original, basic): मूलभूत (mūlbhūt)

### Noun

मूल • (mūl) m (Urdu spelling مول)
* original copy
* source, origin

#### Related terms

* मूलाधार (mūlādhār)

## Kashmiri
### Noun

मूल • (mūl) m (Perso-Arabic موٗل)
* root (of a plant, etc.)
* origin, basis, provenance
* (linguistics) root, stem

## Marathi
### Etymology

* नपुसकलिंग (napusakliṅga): मूल n (mūl)
* पुल्लिंग (pulliṅga): मुलगा m (mulgā)
* स्त्रीलिंग (strīliṅga): मुलगी f (mulgī)
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Perhaps from Sanskrit मूल ‘root ’ as in ‘having a root’(parents)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mul/, [muːl]

### Noun

मूल • (mūl) n
* child or kid regardless of gender or age
    Synonym: पोर (por)
* son or daughter regardless of gender
    Synonym: लेकरू (lekrū)

#### Usage notes

While the neuter word मूल (mūl) is often used interchangeably with the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī), the word मूल (mūl) should be discriminated from the words मुलगा (mulgā) and मुलगी (mulgī).

#### Derived terms

* मुलगा (mulgā, “masculine form”)
* मुलगी (mulgī, “feminine form”)

### References

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मूल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mul]
* Phonetic Devanagari: मुल्

### Adjective

मूल • (mūl)
* main, primary
* essential, necessary

### Noun

मूल • (mūl)
* root, source

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* mūla (Latin script)
* 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* মূল (Bengali script)
* මූල (Sinhalese script)
* မူလ (Burmese script)
* มูล or มูละ (Thai script)
* ᨾᩪᩃ (Tai Tham script)
* ມູລ or ມູລະ (Lao script)
* មូល (Khmer script)
* 𑄟𑄫𑄣 (Chakma script)

### Noun

मूल n
* Devanagari script form of mūla

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* মূল (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬹᬮ (Balinese script)
* মূল (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰳𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* မူလ (Burmese script)
* મૂલ (Gujarati script)
* ਮੂਲ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑍂𑌲 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦹꦭ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂴𑂪 (Kaithi script)
* ಮೂಲ (Kannada script)
* មូល (Khmer script)
* ມູລ (Lao script)
* മൂല (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᡠᡠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘴𑘩 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠤᠤᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧕𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐹𑐮 (Newa script)
* ମୂଲ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢹꢭ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆷𑆬 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖳𑖩 (Siddham script)
* මූල (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚱𑚥 (Takri script)
* மூல (Tamil script)
* మూల (Telugu script)
* มูล (Thai script)
* མཱུ་ལ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒴𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Possibly from a Proto-Dravidian word corresponding with modern Tamil முளா (muḷā) or முள்ளங்கி (muḷḷaṅki), although the direction of borrowing is unclear. Sometimes, also compared to Ancient Greek μῶλυ (môlu).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /múː.lɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /muː.l̪ɐ/

### Noun

मूल • (mū́la) stem, n
* root
* radish
* base, foundation
* origin, beginning
* cause

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Derived terms

* मूलक (mūlaka)
* मूल्य (mūlya)
* मौल (maula)
* मूलाधार (mūlādhāra)
* उन्मूलयति (unmūlayati)
* जिह्वामूलीय (jihvā́mūlīya)
* दन्तमूलीय (dántamūlīya)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: mula
* → Malay: mula
* → Tagalog: mula
* Tamil: மூலம் (mūlam)
* → Telugu: మూలము (mūlamu)
* Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
** Bengali: মূল (mul)
* Pali: mūla
** Khmer: មូល (muul)
** Lao: ມູນ (mūn)
** Burmese: မူလ (mula.)
** Shan: မူႇလႃႉ (mùu lâ̰a)
** Thai: มูล (muun)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
** Old Marathi: मुळी f (muḷī)
*** Marathi: मुळा m (muḷā)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀽𑀮 (mūla)
** Gujarati: મૂળ (mūḷ)
** Hindi: मूल m (mūl)
** Hindi: मूली f (mūlī)
*** English: mooli
** Punjabi: ਮੂਲ (mūl)
** Punjabi: ਮੂਲੀ (mūlī)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मूल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 826.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mūˊla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press