# سیم
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian سیم (sim).

### Noun

سیم • (sim)
* silver, a lustrous, white, metallic element
    Synonyms: فضه (fudda), كومش (gümüş)
* money and coins made of silver
    Synonym: درم (direm)
* silverlike thread, lace or metalware, wire

#### Derived terms

* سیمدوز (sim-duz, “one who stitches with silverlike threads”)
* سیمذقن (sim-zakan, “silver-chinned”)
* سیمین (simin, “of silver; silver-like”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: sim
* → Armenian: սիմ (sim)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sim5”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4243
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سیم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 710
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Argentum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 82
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سیم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1736
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sim1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سیم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1103

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] ((ʾ)sym /⁠(a)sēm⁠/, “silver”), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎶 (s-i-y-m-m /⁠siyamam⁠/), from Ancient Greek ἄσημον (ásēmon, “silverware”), neuter form of ἄσημος (ásēmos, “pure, unmarked”). Akin to Parthian hsym (hasēm, “silver”), Bactrian σιμινο (simino, “made of silver, silverware”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [siːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [siːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [siːm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [siːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sim]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [siːm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sim]

#### Noun

سیم • (sim) (plural سیم‌ها (sim-hâ))
* wire
    سیم تلفن ― sim-e telefon ― telephone wire
    سیم خاردار ― sim-e xârdâr ― barbed wire
* string; cord
    سیم ویولن ― sim-e viyolon ― violin string
* (original sense, now poetic) silver
    Synonym: نقره (noqre)
** c. 1850, Mirzā Ḥabib-Allāh Širāzi Qāʾāni, وله ایضاً فی مدحه:نرگسک آن طشت سیم باز به سر برنهاد بر سر سیمینه طشت طاسک زر برنهادnargesak ân tašt-e sim bâz be sar barnehâd bar sar-e simine tasht tâsak-e zar barnehâdThe little narcissus has again put that silver basin on its head Upon the silvery head, the basin has put a little golden bowl
* (now poetic) wealth; money

##### Derived terms

* بی‌سیم (bi-sim)
* سیم خاردار (sim(-e) xârdâr)
* سیم ظرفشویی (sim(-e) zarfšuyi)
* سیم و زر (sim o zar)
* سیم کشیدن (sim kešidan)
* سیمین (simin)
* سیمینه (simine)
* سیم‌پیچ (sim-pič)
* سیم‌کشی (sim-keši)
* ماهی سیم (mâhi-ye sim)

##### Descendants

* → Gujarati: સીમ (sīm)
* → Kazakh: сым (sym)

#### References

* Philip Huyse (2012 February 23) “Greek Loanwords in Middle Iranian Languages”, in Encyclopaedia Iranica‎

### Etymology 2

Short for ماهی سیم (mâhi-ye sim), literally “silver fish”, but its old form was شیم (šim).

#### Noun

سیم • (sim) (plural سیم‌ها (sim-hâ))
* bream

### Etymology 3

From سی (si, “thirty”) + ـم (-om, “-th, -eth (ordinal number suffix))”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [si.jum]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [si.jʊm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [si.jʊm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [si.jʊm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [su.jum]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [si.jom]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [si.jum]

#### Adjective

سیم • (siyom)
* thirtieth

### Etymology 4

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠seyom⁠/).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [si.jum]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [si.jʊm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [si.jʊm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [si.jʊm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [su.jum]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sejom]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [si.jum]

#### Noun

سیم • (seyom)
* Archaic form of سوم (sevvom, “third”)