# pluma
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin plūma. Doublet of plume.

### Noun

pluma (plural plumae)
* (zoology, archaic) A feather.

#### Related terms

* filopluma

### References

* “pluma”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* ampul

## Aragonese
### Etymology

From Latin plūma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpluma/
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)
* feather

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “pluma”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

## Asturian
### Etymology

Probably a semi-learned term taken from Latin plūma (“feather”). Compare Spanish pluma, however.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpluma/ [ˈplu.ma]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma f (plural plumes)
* feather (element of bird wings)
* pen; plume

### Further reading

* “pluma” in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana. Xosé Lluis García Arias. →ISBN.

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

pluma
* third-person singular past historic of plumer

## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin plūma (“feather”) (Latin pl- normally becomes ch- in inherited Galician); compare the semi-learned Old Galician-Portuguese pruma. See also chumazo, which was popularly inherited and underwent the usual sound changes.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpluma/ [ˈplu.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Hyphenation: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)
* feather (element of bird wings)
* pen (writing tool)
* plume (large and showy feather)

### Further reading

* “pluma”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* “pluma” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Interlingua
### Etymology

From Latin plūma.

### Noun

pluma
* pen
* feather

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpˠlˠʊmˠə/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle English ploume, plomme (“plum”). Doublet of prúna.

#### Noun

pluma m (genitive singular pluma, nominative plural plumaí)
* plum

##### Derived terms

* crann plumaí (“plum-tree”)
* dátphluma (“date-plum, persimmon”)

### Etymology 2

From English plumb, from Old French *plombe, from Latin plumba, plural of plumbum.

#### Noun

pluma m (genitive singular pluma, nominative plural plumaí)
* plumb (of plumb-line), plummet

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
pluma
plumaí
vocative
a phluma
a phlumaí
genitive
pluma
plumaí
dative
pluma
plumaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an pluma
na plumaí
genitive
an phluma
na bplumaí
dative
leis an bpluma don phluma
leis na plumaí :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “pluma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “pluma”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “pluma”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *plouksmā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-. Cognate with Lithuanian plùnksna (“feather”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpluː.ma/, [ˈpɫ̪uːmä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈplu.ma/, [ˈpluːmä]

### Noun

plūma f (genitive plūmae); first declension
* feather, plume
    Synonym: penna f
* (by extension) metal scale of armor
* beard-down
** 23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horace, Odes 4.10.2

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* dēplūmis
* implūmis
* plūmācium
* plūmārius
* plūmātus
* plūmēscō
* plūmeus
* plūmiger
* plūmipēs
* plūmō
* plūmōsus
* plūmula
* replūmis

#### Descendants

* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: piuma
** Sicilian: chiuma
** Venetan: piuma
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: plume
* Gallo-Romance:
** Northern:
*** Franco-Provençal: ploma
*** Old French: plume f (see there for further descendants)
** Southern:
*** Catalan: ploma
*** Occitan: pluma
* Borrowings:
** → Asturian: pluma
** → Hebrew: פלומה
** → Old Irish: clúm
*** Irish: clúmh
*** Manx: clooie
*** Scottish Gaelic: clòimh
** → Proto-Brythonic: *plʉβ̃ (see there for further descendants)
** → Proto-West Germanic: *plūmu (see there for further descendants)
** → Portuguese: pluma
** → Spanish: pluma

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Portuguese pluma and Spanish pluma.

### Noun

pluma
* feather
* plume

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin plūma (“feather”) (Latin pl- normally becomes ch- in inherited Portuguese); compare the semi-learned Old Galician-Portuguese pruma. See also chumaço, which was popularly inherited and underwent the usual sound changes.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈplũ.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈplũ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈplu.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈplu.mɐ/
* Hyphenation: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)
* plume (large and showy feather)
* (geology) upwelling of molten material from the Earth's mantle (mantle plume)

#### Related terms

* plumaço
* plumagem
* plumão

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin plūma (“feather”), taken as an early semi-learned term (Latin pl- normally becomes ll- in inherited Spanish), or it may have maintained a conservative pronunciation as it would have been in use by mainly the upper class. A popular evolution of the word may have once existed in pre-literary Spanish, as evidenced by the Old Spanish derivative llumazo (compare Portuguese chumaço; see also Spanish chumacera, borrowed from a related Portuguese term). Cognate to English plume.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpluma/ [ˈplu.ma]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma f (plural plumas)
* feather
* quill, quill pen
* pen, fountain pen
    Synonym: pluma estilográfica
* (Mexico, US) ballpoint pen
    Synonym: bolígrafo
* (figurative) writer, penman
    Synonym: escritor
* (Spain, slang) effeminacy
    Synonyms: afeminación, afeminamiento, ramalazo

#### Derived terms

* al correr de la pluma
* alumbre de pluma
* buche y pluma
* buchipluma
* carne de pluma
* clavellina de pluma
* cortaplumas
* dejar correr la pluma
* desplumar
* escribir a vuela pluma
* gente de pluma
* hacer a pelo y pluma
* la pluma es más poderosa que la espada
* pasante de pluma
* pluma de agua
* pluma de gel
* pluma de indio
* pluma en sangre
* pluma estilográfica
* plumaje
* plumero
* plumífero
* plumín
* plumón
* tener pluma

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “pluma”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “pluma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pluma.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈpluma/ [ˈpluː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: plu‧ma

### Noun

pluma (Baybayin spelling ᜉ᜔ᜎᜓᜋ)
* pen (any writing instrument that uses ink)

#### See also

* bolpen