# पाल
## Gondi
### Etymology

Cognate with Kannada ಹಾಲು (hālu), Malayalam പാൽ (pāl), Tamil பால் (pāl), Telugu పాలు (pālu).

### Noun

पाल (pāl)
* milk

## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɑːl/, [päːl]

### Etymology 1

From Sanskrit पल्ल (palla).

#### Noun

पाल • (pāl) m (Urdu spelling پال)
* sail

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Sanskrit पाली (pālī).

#### Noun

पाल • (pāl) m
* (poetic) dyke, dam

##### Declension
### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “पाल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 625

## Konkani
### Etymology

From Sanskrit पल्ली (pallī), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian. Cognate with Marathi पाल (pāl). Also compare Kannada ಪಲ್ಲಿ (palli), ಹಲ್ಲಿ (halli), Malayalam പല്ലി (palli), Tamil பல்லி (palli).

### Noun

पाल • (pāl) (Latin script pal, Kannada script ಪಾಲ್)
* house gecko

## Marathi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit पल्ली (pallī), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian. Cognate with Konkani पाल (pāl). Also compare Kannada ಪಲ್ಲಿ (palli), ಹಲ್ಲಿ (halli), Malayalam പല്ലി (palli), Tamil பல்லி (palli).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pal/

### Noun

पाल • (pāl) f (plural पाली)
* house gecko

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “पाल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पाल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “पाल”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [päl]
* Phonetic Devanagari: पाल्

### Noun

पाल • (pāl)
* tent
    Synonym: तिरपाल (tirpāl)
* sail

#### Derived terms

* पाल टाँग्नु (pāl ṭā̃gnu)
* पाल हाल्नु (pāl hālnu)

### References

* “पाल”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
* Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “पाल”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* pāla (Latin script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* পাল (Bengali script)
* පාල (Sinhalese script)
* ပါလ or ပႃလ (Burmese script)
* ปาล or ปาละ (Thai script)
* ᨷᩤᩃ (Tai Tham script)
* ປາລ or ປາລະ (Lao script)
* បាល (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄂𑄣 (Chakma script)

### Noun

पाल m
* Devanagari script form of pāla

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* পাল (Assamese script)
* ᬧᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
* পাল (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* ပါလ (Burmese script)
* પાલ (Gujarati script)
* ਪਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
* ಪಾಲ (Kannada script)
* បាល (Khmer script)
* ປາລ (Lao script)
* പാല (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
* ପାଲ (Odia script)
* ꢦꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
* පාල (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
* பால (Tamil script)
* పాల (Telugu script)
* ปาล (Thai script)
* པཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Traditionally and folk-etymologically derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-los and connected to पा (pā, “to protect”). However, Mayrhofer and Turner disagree, and consider the word an l-form of पार (pāra, “bringing across”), albeit with heavy semantic contamination from derivatives of पा.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɑː.lɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pɑː.l̪ɐ/

### Noun

पाल • (pāla) stem, m
* guard, protector, keeper
* herdsman
* protector of the earth, king, prince
* (also n) a spitting spittoon (as "recipient" ?)
* name of a serpent-demon of the race of vāsuki
* name of a prince
* (with भट्ट (bhaṭṭa)) name of an author

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic

#### Derived terms

* गोपाल (gopāla)
* धर्मपाल (dharmapāla)
* पाल् (pāl)
* भूपाल (bhūpāla)
* शिशुपाल (śiśupāla)

#### Descendants

* Hindi: -वाला (-vālā)
** → English: wallah
* Bengali: -ওয়ালা (-ala)
* Pali: pāla
* Punjabi: ਵਾਲ਼ਾ (vāḷā)
* → Thai: บาล (baan)
** ⇒ Thai: อนุบาล (à-nú-baan) (from अनुपाल (anupāla))
** ⇒ Thai: อภิบาล (à-pí-baan) (from अभिपाल (abhipāla))
** ⇒ Thai: บริบาล (bɔɔ-rí-baan) (from परिपाल (paripāla))

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “पाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0622/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 124
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pāláyati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press