# 熟練
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shúliàn, shóuliàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ, ㄕㄡˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): suk$^6$ lin$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): su̍k-lien
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): soeh$^7$ loeng$^5$ / syeh$^7$ lyeng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sio̍k-liān / se̍k-liān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg$^8$ liang$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$zoq-li
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, literary; standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shúliàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shúliàn
*** Wade–Giles: shu$^2$-lien$^4$
*** Yale: shú-lyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwuliann
*** Palladius: шулянь (šuljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu³⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, colloquial; standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shóuliàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄡˊ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shóuliàn
*** Wade–Giles: shou$^2$-lien$^4$
*** Yale: shóu-lyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shourliann
*** Palladius: шоулянь (šouljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂoʊ̯³⁵ li̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: suk$^6$ lin$^6$
*** Yale: suhk lihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: suk$^9$ lin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sug$^6$ lin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊk̚² liːn²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: su̍k-lien
*** Hakka Romanization System: sug lien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sug$^6$ lian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /suk̚⁵ li̯en⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: soeh$^7$ loeng$^5$ [Phonetic: soeh$^4$ loeng$^5$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: se̤̍h-lē̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬœʔ⁴⁻⁴² lœŋ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syeh$^7$ lyeng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyøʔ²⁴ lyøŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio̍k-liān
*** Tâi-lô: sio̍k-liān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sioglien
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɛn²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔk̚²⁴⁻² liɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɔk̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se̍k-liān
*** Tâi-lô: si̍k-liān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seglien
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɛn²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚⁴⁻³² liɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚⁴⁻³² liɛn²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sêg$^8$ liang$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: se̍k liāng
*** Sinological IPA : /sek̚⁴⁻² liaŋ¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zoq-li
*** MiniDict: zoh$^入$ li
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$zoq-li
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zoʔ¹¹ li²³/

### Adjective

熟練
* skilled; skillful; adept; proficient

#### Synonyms

* 嫻 / 娴 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
* 嫻熟 / 娴熟 (xiánshú) (formal)
* 熟 (shú)
* 熟嫻 / 熟娴 (shúxián) (literary)
* 熟手 (Hokkien, mainland China)
* 純 / 纯
* 純熟 / 纯熟 (chúnshú)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 熟 | 練 |
| じゅく Grade: 6 | れん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 熟練 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

熟(じゅく)練(れん) • (jukuren)
* skill, proficiency, dexterity

### Verb

熟(じゅく)練(れん)する • (jukuren suru) suru (stem 熟(じゅく)練(れん)し (jukuren shi), past 熟(じゅく)練(れん)した (jukuren shita))
* be skilled, be proficient, be an expert

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 熟練し | じゅくれんし | jukuren shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 熟練し | じゅくれんし | jukuren shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 熟練する | じゅくれんする | jukuren suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 熟練する | じゅくれんする | jukuren suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 熟練すれ | じゅくれんすれ | jukuren sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 熟練せよ¹ 熟練しろ² | じゅくれんせよ¹ じゅくれんしろ² | jukuren seyo¹ jukuren shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 熟練される | じゅくれんされる | jukuren sareru |
| Causative | 熟練させる 熟練さす | じゅくれんさせる じゅくれんさす | jukuren saseru jukuren sasu |
| Potential | 熟練できる | じゅくれんできる | jukuren dekiru |
| Volitional | 熟練しよう | じゅくれんしよう | jukuren shiyō |
| Negative | 熟練しない | じゅくれんしない | jukuren shinai |
| Negative continuative | 熟練せず | じゅくれんせず | jukuren sezu |
| Formal | 熟練します | じゅくれんします | jukuren shimasu |
| Perfective | 熟練した | じゅくれんした | jukuren shita |
| Conjunctive | 熟練して | じゅくれんして | jukuren shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 熟練すれば | じゅくれんすれば | jukuren sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||