# 佔

| 佔 | U+4F54, &#20308; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F54 |
| ← 体 [U+4F53] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 何 → [U+4F55] |

## Translingual
### Han character

佔 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜口 (OYR), four-corner 2126$_0$, composition ⿰亻占)

#### Derived characters

* 𩃅

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 510
* Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 131, character 9
* Unihan data for U+4F54

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 頕 | *taːm |
| 煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
| 炶 | *ɦlaːm |
| 詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
| 站 | *rteːms |
| 檆 | *sreːm |
| 黏 | *nem |
| 粘 | *nem |
| 枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
| 霑 | *tem |
| 沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
| 覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
| 鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
| 占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
| 颭 | *tjemʔ |
| 佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
| 苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
| 痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
| 蛅 | *njem |
| 阽 | *lem |
| 敁 | *teːm |
| 掂 | *tiːm |
| 點 | *teːmʔ |
| 玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
| 店 | *tiːms |
| 坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
| 黇 | *tʰeːm |
| 扂 | *deːmʔ |
| 拈 | *neːm |
| 鮎 | *neːm |
| 砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
| 笘 | *teːb |
| 跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
| 貼 | *tʰeːb |
| 帖 | *tʰeːb |
| 怗 | *tʰeːb |
| 呫 | *tʰeːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjems, *teːm): semantic 亻 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhàn (zhan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zim$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): cham / chiam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zam$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieng$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiàm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziam$^3$ / ziang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsoe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhàn
*** Wade–Giles: chan$^4$
*** Yale: jàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jann
*** Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zim$^3$
*** Yale: jim
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzim$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jim$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːm³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cham / chiam
*** Hakka Romanization System: zam / jiam
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zam$^4$ / jiam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sam⁵⁵/, /t͡si̯am⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sam⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zieng$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cia̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɛŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàm
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciaxm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siam²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siam⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siam²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siam¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siam²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziam$^3$ / ziang$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiàm / tsiàng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siam²¹³/, /t͡siaŋ²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsoe
*** MiniDict: tsoe$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsoe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³⁴/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjems/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佔 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 16708 |
| Phonetic component | 占 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 占 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjems/ |
| Notes | 佔分化新字 |

#### Definitions

佔
* to occupy; to possess

#### Synonyms

* 享有 (xiǎngyǒu) (rights, privileges, prestige, etc.)
* 佔有 / 占有 (zhànyǒu)
* 佔用 / 占用 (zhànyòng)
* 佔領 / 占领 (zhànlǐng)
* 保有 (bǎoyǒu)
* 具備 / 具备 (jùbèi)
* 具有 (jùyǒu)
* 具足 (jùzú) (literary)
* 富有 (fùyǒu) (to be full of)
* 所有 (suǒyǒu)
* 持有 (chíyǒu)
* 據 / 据
* 擁有 / 拥有 (yōngyǒu)
* 據有 / 据有 (jùyǒu)
* 自有 (zìyǒu)
* 領有 / 领有 (lǐngyǒu)

#### Compounds

* 佔上風 / 占上风 (zhàn shàngfēng)
* 佔下風 / 占下风
* 佔主導地位 / 占主导地位
* 佔便宜 / 占便宜
* 佔優 / 占优 (zhànyōu)
* 佔優勢 / 占优势
* 佔先 / 占先 (zhànxiān)
* 佔據 / 占据 (zhànjù)
* 佔有 / 占有 (zhànyǒu)
* 佔有率 / 占有率 (zhànyǒulǜ)
* 佔滿 / 占满
* 佔為己有 / 占为己有 (zhànwéijǐyǒu)
* 佔用 / 占用 (zhànyòng)
* 佔畢 / 占毕
* 佔線 / 占线 (zhànxiàn)
* 佔領 / 占领 (zhànlǐng)
* 佔領者 / 占领者 (zhànlǐngzhě)
* 佔頭籌 / 占头筹
* 佔高枝兒 / 占高枝儿
* 隱佔 / 隐占
* 霸佔 / 霸占 (bàzhàn)
* 鳩佔鵲巢 / 鸠占鹊巢 (jiūzhànquècháo)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: chiếm (佔)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chān (chan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chān
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chan
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^1$
*** Yale: chān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chan
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

佔
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to whisper

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diān (dian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diān
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dian
*** Wade–Giles: tien$^1$
*** Yale: dyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dian
*** Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tem
Rime :
| Character | 佔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 添 (157) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 丁兼切 |
| Baxter | tem |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tem/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tem/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɛm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɛm/ |
| Li Rong | /tem/ |
| Wang Li | /tiem/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tiem/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | diān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dim$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*teːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 佔 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 16718 |
| Phonetic component | 占 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𩬑 |
| Old Chinese | /*teːm/ |

#### Definitions

佔
* Only used in 佔侸 (diāndōu).

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佔 – see 覘. (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 覘).

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 佔 – see 襜. (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as a variant form of 襜).

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “佔”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00119

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* possess, usurp, occupy by force

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちん (chin)
* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: みる (miru, 佔る)、うかがう (ukagau, 佔う)、しめる (shimeru, 佔る)

## Korean
### Hanja

佔 (eum 점 (jeom))
* occupy
* seize
* take

## Vietnamese
### Han character

佔: Hán Nôm readings: chiêm, chiếm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation