# filius
## Latin

Picture dictionary :
Network Diagram for Roman Extended Families
atavia
atavus
abavia
abavus
proavia
proavus
avia
/ ava māterna
avus māternus
avia
/ ava paterna
avus paternus
cōnsobrīna
/ mātruēlis
cōnsobrīnus
/ mātruēlis
patruēlis
patruēlis
mātertera
avunculus
amita
patruus
/ barbās
māter
pater
sobrīna
/neptis
/neptia
sobrīnus
/ nepōs
frātruēlis
/neptis
/neptia
nepōs
/frātruus
/frātruēlis
sorōrius
/marītus sorōris
soror
frāter
frātria
/ uxor frātris
socrus
socer
/patraster
socrus
socer
/patraster
soror uxōris
frāter uxōris
glōs
lēvir
uxor
/marīta
/coniunx
/nūpta
marītus
/coniunx
gener
/ fīliaster
fīlia
/ nāta
fīlius
/ nātus
nurus
/ fīliastra
prōgener
neptis
/neptia
nepōs
prōnurus
proneptis
pronepōs
abneptis
abnepōs :

### Alternative forms

* fīlios (Old Latin)
* F (Abbreviation)

### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fīlios, *feilios (the Latin can reflect either one, but Faliscan 𐌅𐌉𐌋𐌄𐌏 (fīleo, hīleo), if original and not modeled on Latin fīlius, would point to *fīl-), from earlier *θeilios, from *dʰeh₁i-l-yo-s (“sucker”), a derivation from the verbal root *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”).
Related to fellō, fēmina, fētus, Old English delu (“nipple, teat”), dēon (“to suck, suckle”), Old Armenian դալ (dal). More at doe.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈfiː.li.us/, [ˈfiːlʲiʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfi.li.us/, [ˈfiːlius]

### Noun

fīlius m (genitive fīliī or fīlī, feminine fīlia); second declension
* a son
    Synonyms: līber, nātus
    Ubi est noster filius?Where is our son?
** Caecilius Statius (died ca. 168 BC); in: Scaenicae romanorum poesis fragmenta secundis curis. Volumen II. Comicorum fragmenta. – Comicorum romanorum praeter Plautum et Terentium fragmenta secundis curis, edited by Otto Ribbeck, Leipzig, 1873, page 48:
    Fílius meus ín me incedit [éccum] sat hilará schema.
** Caecilius Statius (died ca. 168 BC); in: Remains of Old Latin, edited and translated by E. H. Warmington, vol. I, 1935, page 496f.:
    Priscianus, ap. G.L., II, 199, 17, K: 'Schema' pro 'schemate.' . . . Caecilius in Hypobolimaeo– . . . filius . . . in me incedit satis hilara schema.
       Aged peasant, guardian of the changeling Chaerestratus: Priscianus: 'Schema' for 'schemate.' . . . Caecilius in The Changeling– Here comes my son towards me in merry shape.
* (by extension) any male descendant
* (in the plural) children

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Synonyms

* nātus

#### Derived terms

* affīliō
* fīlia
* fīliālis
* fīliaster
* fīlietās
* fīliolus
* prōfīlius (Medieval Latin)

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian:
    Campidanese: fillu
    Logudorese: fizu, figiu
       Nuorese: izu
* Balkano-Romance:
** Aromanian: hilj, hiljiu, hilju
** Istro-Romanian: fiľ
** Megleno-Romanian: il'u
** Romanian: fiu
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: figliu
** Dalmatian: felj
** Istriot: feîo, fèio
** Italian: figlio
** Judeo-Italian: פִילְייוֹ (figlio)
** Sicilian: figghiu
** Venetan: fio
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: fi
** Romansch: figl, fegl
* Gallo-Italic:
** Ligurian: fìggio
** Piedmontese: fieul, fij
* Gallo-Romance:
** Northern:
*** Franco-Provençal: fely, fily
*** Old French: fil
**** Bourguignon: fi
**** Walloon: fi
**** ⇒ Old French: filz, fils, fis, fitz, fiz (nominative singular)
***** Middle French: filz
****** French: fils
***** Norman: fils, fis (Jersey)
***** → English: Fitz- (via Anglo-Norman fitz)
** Southern:
*** Catalan: fill
*** Old Occitan: filh
**** Occitan: filh, fiu, hilh
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: fillo
** Mozarabic: פליו (flyw)
** Old Galician-Portuguese: filho, fi' (apocopic form), fillo
*** Fala: fillu
*** Galician: fillo
*** Portuguese: filho (see there for further descendants)
** Old Leonese: fiyo, fijo (Salamanca), fillo (Asturias)
*** Asturian: fíu, ḥiyu, fiyu
*** Leonese: fiyu
*** Extremaduran: iju
*** Mirandese: filho
** Old Spanish: fijo
*** Ladino: ijo, fijo
*** Spanish: hijo (see there for further descendants)

### References

* “filius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “filius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "filius", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* filius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.