# 媛

| 媛 | U+5A9B, &#23195; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A9B |
| ← 媚 [U+5A9A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 媜 → [U+5A9C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

媛 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女月一水 (VBME), four-corner 4244$_7$, composition ⿰女爰)

#### Derived characters

* 𮑘

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 267, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6516
* Dae Jaweon: page 534, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1067, character 12
* Unihan data for U+5A9B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 暖 | *noːnʔ |
| 煖 | *noːnʔ, *qʰʷan |
| 喛 | *qʰʷaːns, *qʰʷan |
| 緩 | *ɢʷaːnʔ |
| 鰀 | *ɢʷaːnʔ |
| 嵈 | *ɢʷaːnʔ |
| 鍰 | *ɢʷraːn |
| 湲 | *ɢʷan |
| 媛 | *ɢʷans, *ɢʷan |
| 瑗 | *ɢʷans |
| 援 | *ɢʷans, *ɢʷan |
| 褑 | *ɢʷans |
| 諼 | *qʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ |
| 愋 | *qʰʷan |
| 楥 | *qʰʷans |
| 爰 | *ɢʷan |
| 鶢 | *ɢʷan |
| 蝯 | *ɢʷan |
| 猨 | *ɢʷan |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷans, *ɢʷan): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 爰 (OC *ɢʷan).

#### References

* ↑ Digital Shinjigen 2017

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuàn, yuán (yuan$^4$, yuan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˋ, ㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): oān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, literary variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuàn
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^4$
*** Yale: ywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuann
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$
*** Yale: ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^6$
*** Yale: yuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oān
*** Tâi-lô: uān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uan³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan³³/
* Middle Chinese: hjwenH
Rime :
| Character | 媛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (80) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 王眷切 |
| Baxter | hjwenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠiuᴇn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚiɛn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwian$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣjuɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɛn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wɛn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷra[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷans/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 媛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yuàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ʷra[n]-s/ |
| English | a beauty |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 媛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 16165 |
| Phonetic component | 爰 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 瑗 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷans/ |

#### Definitions

媛
* (literary) beauty; beautiful woman
    Synonym: 美女 (měinǚ)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ zhī qīng yáng, yáng qiě zhī yán yě. Zhǎn rú zhī rén xī, bāng zhī yuàn yě. [Pinyin]
    Clear are her eyes; fine is her forehead; Full are her temples. Ah! Such a woman as this! The beauty of the country!
* (archaic) beautiful; fine

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuán (yuan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wun$^4$ / jyun$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeng$^2$ / yeng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$
*** Yale: ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wun$^4$ / jyun$^4$
*** Yale: wùhn / yùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wun$^4$ / jyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wun$^4$ / yun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuːn²¹/, /jyːn²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: oeng$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: é̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /œŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: yeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /yøŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: hjwon
Rime :
| Character | 媛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 雨元切 |
| Baxter | hjwon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦuan/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷan/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 媛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 16178 |
| Phonetic component | 爰 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 袁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷan/ |

#### Definitions

媛
* Only used in 嬋媛／婵媛 (chányuán).

### Compounds

* 令媛 (lìngyuàn)
* 名媛
* 天媛
* 媛女
* 嬋媛 / 婵媛 (chányuán)
* 嬙媛 / 嫱媛
* 才媛
* 淑媛
* 結媛 / 结媛
* 英媛
* 邦媛

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 媛 |
| Kyūjitai | 媛󠄁 媛+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 媛󠄃 媛+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* princess
* a beauty; a beautiful woman

#### Readings

* Go-on: おん (on)
* Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひめ (hime, 媛)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 媛
* えん Grade: 4
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 媛 (MC hjwenH).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ẽ̞ɴ]

#### Affix

媛(えん) • (en)
* a beauty; a beautiful woman

##### Derived terms

* 名媛(めいえん) (meien): famous woman
* 才媛(さいえん) (saien): talented woman

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 媛
* ひめ Grade: 4
* kun'yomi

#### Noun

媛(ひめ) • (hime)
* Alternative form of 姫

### References

* ↑ “媛”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 媛 (MC hjwon).

### Hanja

Wikisource 媛 (eumhun 미녀 원 (minyeo won))
* hanja form of 원 (“a beauty”)

#### Compounds

* 방원 (邦媛, bang'won)
* 선원 (仙媛, seonwon)
* 소원 (昭媛, sowon)
* 양원/량원 (良媛, yang'won/ryang'won)
* 영원/령원 (令媛, yeong'won/ryeong'won)
* 원비 (媛妃, wonbi)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

媛: Hán Nôm readings: viện
* a beauty; a beautiful woman