OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# tortoise
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English tortuse, tortuce, tortuge, from Medieval Latin tortuca, of uncertain origin. May be from Late Latin tartarūcha, from tartarūchus, from Ancient Greek ταρταροῦχος (tartaroûkhos, “holder of Tartaros, Tartarus, the land of the dead in ancient stories”), because it used to be thought that tortoises and turtles came from the underworld and they were commonly paired with such infernal beasts; see Τάρταρος (Tártaros). Or, from Latin tortus (“twisted”). The French-looking Modern English spelling tortoise may be influenced by porpoise. Displaced native Old English byrdling.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈtɔɹ.təs/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtɔː.təs/
** (UK, also) IPA: /ˈtɔːˌtɔɪs/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)təs

### Noun

tortoise (plural tortoises)
* Any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family Testudinidae (chiefly Canada, US) or the order Testudines (chiefly UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India), whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron). The animal can withdraw its head and four legs partially into the shell, providing some protection from predators.
    Synonym: (obsolete) shellpad
* Synonym of cat (sense 11, a wheeled shelter)

#### Usage notes

Differences exist in usage of the common terms turtle, tortoise, and terrapin, depending on the variety of English being used. In American usage, turtle is often a general term; tortoise is used only in reference to terrestrial turtles or, more narrowly, only those members of Testudinidae, the family of modern land tortoises; and terrapin may refer to turtles that are small and live in fresh and brackish water.
British and Commonwealth usage, by contrast, tends not to use turtle as a generic term for all members of the order but instead as a synonym for sea turtle specifically, and also applies the term tortoises broadly to all land-dwelling members of the order Testudines, regardless of whether they are actually members of the family Testudinidae.
Land tortoises are not native to Australia, yet traditionally freshwater turtles have been called tortoises in Australia.

#### Derived terms

* African spurred tortoise
* Aldabra giant tortoise
* angonoka tortoise
* boofhead tortoise
* Burmese star tortoise
* desert tortoise
* elephantine tortoise
* Galápagos giant tortoise
* Galapagos giant tortoise
* Galapagos tortoise
* Galápagos tortoise
* geometric tortoise
* giant tortoise
* golden tortoise beetle
* gopher tortoise
* Hermann's tortoise
* hinge-back tortoise
* hinged-back tortoise
* hinged tortoise
* Horsfield's tortoise
* Indian star tortoise
* leopard tortoise
* Madagascar tortoise
* pancake tortoise
* ploughshare tortoise
* radiated tortoise
* red-footed tortoise
* Santa Fe Island tortoise
* sculptured tortoise
* soft tortoise
* tortoise beetle
* tortoise core
* tortoise-like, tortoiselike
* tortoise-shell bamboo
* tortoise shell bracket
* tortoise shell, tortoise-shell

#### Translations
### See also

* terrapin
* turtle

### Further reading

* tortoise on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* rootiest
# жасау
## Kazakh
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Common Turkic *jāš-a-ƣ, from Proto-Turkic *jāľ-a-ƣ (gerund of *jāľ-a-). Cognate with Kyrgyz жашоо (jaşoo), etc.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒɑ.sɑw/

#### Verb

жасау • (jasau)
* to live, exist
* to be well; to prosper

##### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Noun

жасау • (jasau)
* living

##### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

жасау • (jasau)
* to make, do
* to construct

##### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Noun

жасау • (jasau)
* making

##### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.
# ਤਰਜੀਹ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ترجیح (tarjīh), from Arabic تَرْجِيح (tarjīḥ). Compare Hindustani ترجیح / तर्जीह (tarjīh).

### Noun

ਤਰਜੀਹ • (tarjīh) f (Shahmukhi spelling ترجیح)
* preference
# Agriș
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Agriș.

### Proper noun

Agriș
* A village in Iara, Cluj, Romania.
* A village and commune of Satu Mare, Romania.

## Romanian
### Etymology

From agriș (“gooseberry”), from Hungarian egres.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Agriș m
* A village in Iara, Cluj, Romania
* A commune of Satu Mare, Romania
* A village in Agriș, Satu Mare, Romania
# だんおち
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of だんおち – see the following entry. :
| 【檀越だんおつ】 | [noun] (Buddhism) a benefactor or a patron to a temple Alternative spellings だんのつ, だにおち, だんえつ |
(This term, だんおち (dan'ochi), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# سجریاں
## Punjabi
### Adjective

سَجّریاں • (sajjreyāṉ)
* oblique masculine plural of سَجّرا (sajjrā, “fresh, new; recent”)

### Adjective

سَجّرِیاں • (sajjrīyāṉ)
* feminine plural of سَجّرا (sajjrā, “fresh, new; recent”)
# เมน
## Thai
### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | เมน e m n |
| Romanization | Paiboon | meen |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | men |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /meːn˧/ |
| Homophonesedit | Homophonesedit | เมรุ |

### Etymology 1

From English Maine.

#### Proper noun

เมน • (meen)
* (รัฐ~) Lua error in Module:transclude at line 308: Couldn't find the template {{senseid|en|Q724}} within entry Maine. Alternatives for |id= are: France|Q732738, US|Q724, French river|Q756886

### Etymology 2

From English main.

#### Noun

เมน • (meen)
* (fandom slang) bias (one's favourite member of a musical band)
Divisions of the United States of America in Thai (layout · text) :
* รัฐ (rát): แอละแบมา (ɛɛ-lá-bɛɛ-mâa) · อะแลสกา (à-lɛ́ɛs-gâa) · แอริโซนา (ɛɛ-rí-soo-nâa) · อาร์คันซอ (aa-kan-sɔɔ) · แคลิฟอร์เนีย (kɛɛ-lí-fɔɔ-niia) · โคโลราโด (koo-loo-raa-dôo) · คอนเนทิคัต (kɔn-nee-tí-kát) · เดลาแวร์ (dee-laa-wɛɛ) · ฟลอริดา (flɔɔ-rí-dâa) · จอร์เจีย (jɔɔ-jiia) · ฮาวาย (haa-waai) · ไอดาโฮ (ai-daa-hoo) · อิลลินอยส์ (in-lí-nɔɔi) · อินดีแอนา (in-dii-ɛɛ-nâa) · ไอโอวา (ai-oo-wâa) · แคนซัส (kɛn-sás) · เคนทักกี (ken-ták-gîi) · ลุยเซียนา (lui-siia-nâa) · เมน (meen) · แมริแลนด์ (mɛɛ-rí-lɛɛn) · แมสซาชูเซตส์ (mɛ́t-saa-chuu-sèet) · มิชิแกน (mí-chí-gɛɛn) · มินนิโซตา (min-ní-soo-dtâa) · มิสซิสซิปปี (mít-sít-síp-bpîi) · มิสซูรี (mít-suu-rîi) · มอนแทนา (mɔn-tɛɛ-nâa) · เนแบรสกา (nee-brɛ́s-gâa) · เนวาดา (nee-waa-dâa) · นิวแฮมป์เชียร์ (niu-hɛm-chiia) · นิวเจอร์ซีย์ (niu-jəə-sîi) · นิวเม็กซิโก (niu-mék-sí-goo) · นิวยอร์ก (niu-yɔ̀ɔk) · นอร์ทแคโรไลนา (nɔ́t-kɛɛ-roo-lai-nâa) · นอร์ทดาโคตา (nɔ́t-daa-koo-dtâa) · โอไฮโอ (oo-hai-ôo) · โอคลาโฮมา (oo-klaa-hoo-mâa) · ออริกอน (ɔɔ-rí-gɔ̂n) · เพนซิลเวเนีย (pen-sil-wee-niia) · โรดไอแลนด์ (róot-ai-lɛɛn) · เซาท์แคโรไลนา (sáo-kɛɛ-roo-lai-nâa) · เซาท์ดาโคตา (sáo-daa-koo-dtâa) · เทนเนสซี (ten-nét-sii) · เท็กซัส (ték-sát) · ยูทาห์ (yuu-tâa) · เวอร์มอนต์ (wəə-mɔ̂n) · เวอร์จิเนีย (wəə-jì-niia) · วอชิงตัน (wɔɔ-ching-dtan) · เวสต์เวอร์จิเนีย (wés-wəə-jì-niia) · วิสคอนซิน (wís-kɔn-sîn) · ไวโอมิง (wai-oo-mîng)
* เขต (kèet): วอชิงตัน ดี.ซี. (wɔɔ-ching-dtan-dii-sii)
* ดินแดน (din-dɛɛn): อเมริกันซามัว (à-mee-rí-gan-saa-muua) · กวม (guuam) · หมู่เกาะนอร์เทิร์นมาเรียนา (mùu-gɔ̀-nɔ́t-tə̂n-maa-riia-nâa) · ปวยร์โตรีโก (bpuai-dtoo-rii-gôo) · เกาะเล็กรอบนอกของสหรัฐ (gɔ̀-lék-rɔ̂ɔp-nɔ̂ɔk-kɔ̌ɔng-sà-hà-rát) · หมู่เกาะเวอร์จินของสหรัฐ (mùu-gɔ̀-wəə-jîn-kɔ̌ɔng-sà-hà-rát)
# 𑀩𑀸𑀭𑀲
## Prakrit
### Alternative forms

* 𑀩𑀸𑀭𑀳 (bāraha) — Late Prakrit, Apabhraṃśa

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit द्वादश (dvādaśa).

### Numeral

𑀩𑀸𑀭𑀲 (bārasa) (Devanagari बारस, Gujarati બારસ, Kannada ಬಾರಸ) (Ardhamāgadhī, Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī) (cardinal number)
* twelve

#### Descendants

* Eastern:
** Fiji Hindi: baarah
** Assamese: বাৰ (bar)
** Bengali: বারো (barō)
** Bishnupriya Manipuri: বারো (baro)
** Odia: ବାର (bāra)
* → Dhivehi: ބާރަ (bāra) (semi-learned)
* Southern:
** Old Marathi: 𑘤𑘰𑘨𑘰 (bārā), 𑘤𑘰𑘨𑘭𑘲 (bārasī), 𑘤𑘰𑘨𑘭𑘹𑘽 (bāraseṃ)
*** Marathi: बारा (bārā), बारस (bāras), बारसे (bārse)
* Central:
** Gujarati: બાર (bār)
** Saurashtra: ꢨꢵꢬꢾ (bāre)
** Hindustani:
*** Hindi: बारह (bārah), बारस (bāras)
*** Urdu: بارہ (bārah)
** Nepali: बाह्र (bāhra)
** Punjabi: ਬਾਰਾਂ (bārā̃)

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bārasa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# соғысу
## Kazakh
### Etymology

Reciprocal form of соғу (soğu, “to beat; to hit”). From Proto-Common Turkic *soq-ɨ-š-ɨ-ƣ, from Proto-Turkic *soq-ɨ-ľ-ɨ-ƣ.
Cognate with Kyrgyz согушуу (soguşuu), etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [soɣʊˈsʊw]

### Verb

соғысу • (soğysu)
* to fight

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Synonyms

* ұрысу (ūrysu)

### Noun

соғысу • (soğysu)
* fighting

#### Derived terms

* соғысушы (soğysuşy)
# تسبيح
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of سَبَّحَ (sabbaḥa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tas.biːħ/
* Rhymes: -iːħ

### Noun

تَسْبِيح • (tasbīḥ) m
* Tasbih: glorification of God
* exclamation of tasbih, such as:
    سبحان الله ― subḥān Allah ― Glory be to Allah
* (colloquial) prayer beads, misbaha
    Synonyms: مِسْبَاح (misbāḥ), مِسْبَحَة (misbaḥa), سُبْحَة (subḥa)

#### Derived terms

* تَسْبِيحَة (tasbīḥa)

#### Descendants

* Judeo-Arabic: תסביח (tasbīḥ)
* → Azerbaijani: təsbeh
* → Bashkir: тәсбих (təsbix)
* → Classical Persian: تَسْبِیح (tasbih)
** → Armenian: թազբեհ (tʻazbeh)
** → Bashkir: тиҫбе (tiśbe)
** → Bengali: তসবীহ (tosbiho)
** → Dongxiang: tesibihha
** → Uyghur: تەسۋى (teswi)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: तसबीह (tasbīh)
    Urdu: تَسْبِیح (tasbīh)
** → Kazakh: тәсбих (täsbix)
** → Kyrgyz: теспе (tespe)
** → Salar: tesbiha
** → Uzbek: tasbeh
* → Japanese: タスビーフ (tasubīfu)
* → Polish: tasbih
* → Swahili: tasbihi
* → Tausug: tasbi
* → Ottoman Turkish: تسبیح (tesbih, tespih)
** Turkish: tespih
** → Albanian: tespihe
** → Armenian: թզբեխ (tʻzbex)
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: тѐспих
    Latin script: tèspih
* → Yakan: tasbi
* → Turkmen: tesbi

### References

* Al-Tahānawī, Kashshāf Iṣṭilāḥāt al-Funūn wa-l-ʿUlūm (d. 1777 CE) كشّاف اصطلاحات الفنون والعلوم للتهانوي
# ரத்தம்
## Tamil
### Alternative forms

* இரத்தம் (irattam) — standard

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit रक्त (rakta). Cognate with Tulu ರಕ್ತ (rakta), Kannada ರಕ್ತ (rakta), Malayalam രക്തം (raktaṁ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾat̪ːam/

### Noun

ரத்தம் • (rattam)
* blood
    Synonyms: செந்நீர் (cennīr), குருதி (kuruti), நெய்த்தோர் (neyttōr)
    அவன் காயத்திலிருந்து ரத்தம் வடிந்தது.avaṉ kāyattiliruntu rattam vaṭintatu.Blood seeped out from his wound.
# سجری
## Punjabi
### Adjective

سَجّری • (sajjrī)
* feminine singular of سَجّرا (sajjrā, “fresh, new; recent”)
# ماريلاند
## Arabic
### Proper noun

مَارِيلَانْد • (mārīlānd) f
* Maryland (a state of the United States; named for Queen Mary, queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland)
# 抖抖豁豁
## Chinese

| | | shake out; tremble | shake out; tremble | opening; stake all; sacrificeopening; stake all; sacrifice; crack; slit; clear; open; exempt (from); liberal-minded; play Chinese finger game | opening; stake all; sacrificeopening; stake all; sacrifice; crack; slit; clear; open; exempt (from); liberal-minded; play Chinese finger game |
| trad. (抖抖豁豁) | trad. (抖抖豁豁) | 抖 | 抖 | 豁 | 豁 |
| simp. $^#$(抖抖豁豁) | simp. $^#$(抖抖豁豁) | 抖 | 抖 | 豁 | 豁 |

### Pronunciation

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$teu-teu$_5$-huaq$_7$-huaq$_7$
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$teu-teu$_5$-huaq$_7$-huaq$_7$
*** MiniDict: teu$^去$ teu$^去$ huah$^入$ huah$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$teu-teu$_2$-huaq$_4$-huaq$_4$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tɤ³³ tɤ⁵⁵ huaʔ³³ huaʔ²¹/

### Adjective

抖抖豁豁 (Shanghainese)
* scared and trembling
* arrogant; brushing shoulders

#### Synonyms

* 抖豁
* 抖豁豁
# bağancaq
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Derivation of Proto-Common Turkic *bakań. Possibly a doublet of bağancanaq.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

bağancaq (definite accusative bağancağı, plural bağancaqlar)
* pastern (the part of a horse's leg between the fetlock joint and the hoof)
    Synonym: buxovluq

#### Related terms

* bağanaq

### Further reading

* “bağancaq” in Obastan.com.
# in high feather
## English
### Prepositional phrase

in high feather
* In high spirits; cheerful.
** 1865, Charled Dickens, Doctor Marigold:Next Saturday that come, I pitched the cart on the same pitch, and I was in very high feather indeed, keeping ’em laughing the whole of the time, and getting off the goods briskly.
** 1883, Mark Twain, Life on the Mississippi, ch. 18
    I ascended to the pilot-house in high feather, and very proud to be semi-officially a member of the executive family of so fast and famous a boat.
** 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:He was in very high feather.
# துப்பாக்கி
## Tamil
### Alternative forms

* துபாக்கி (tupākki), துவக்கு (tuvakku), தோக்கு (tōkku)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تُفَک (tufak), ultimately from Ottoman Turkish تفك (tüfek). Cognate with Telugu తుపాకి (tupāki), Malayalam തോക്ക് (tōkkŭ).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /t̪upːaːkːi/

### Noun

துப்பாக்கி • (tuppākki)
* musket, gun
# だにおち
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of だにおち – see the following entry. :
| 【檀越だんおつ】 | [noun] (Buddhism) a benefactor or a patron to a temple Alternative spellings だんのつ, だんおち, だんえつ |
(This term, だにおち (daniochi), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# terfa
## Spanish
### Etymology

From English TERF +‎ -a (“-ess, used to form feminine singular nouns”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈteɾfa/ [ˈt̪eɾ.fa]
* Rhymes: -eɾfa
* Syllabification: ter‧fa

### Noun

terfa m or f by sense (plural terfas)
* (derogatory) TERF
    Synonym: TERF
** 2021 January 3, Juana Gallego, “Terfas a la hoguera”, in Público‎, retrieved 6 January 2024:Ya casi nadie utiliza el término feminazi con el que la carcundia reaccionaria insultaba a las feministas. Ahora la manera moderna de elevarse moralmente sobre las feministas que se atreven –que nos atrevemos– a cuestionar la denominada identidad de género o que se muestran contrarias al aún más disparatado concepto de autoidentificación de género es terfa.Now almost no one uses the term feminazi, which the reactionary mob used to affront feminists. Currently the modern way of morally elevating oneself over feminists who dare –and we do dare– to question the so-called gender identity, or who oppose the even more absurd concept of gender self-identification, is TERF.
# Мэриленд
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɛrʲɪlʲɪnt]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Мэ́риленд • (Mɛ́rilend) m inan (genitive Мэ́риленда)
* Maryland (a state of the United States; named for Queen Mary, queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland)

#### Related terms

* мэрилендец (mɛrilendec)
* мэрилендский (mɛrilendskij)
# topuq
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Common Turkic *top-ïk. By surface analysis, top (“round thing; ball”) +‎ -uq.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

topuq (definite accusative topuğu, plural topuqlar)
* (anatomy) ankle
* fetlock (a joint of the horse's leg below the knee or hock and above the hoof)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “topuq” in Obastan.com.

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | توْپوُق |

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *topïk.

### Pronunciation

* (Xarrâbî) IPA: [tɔpʊ̞q]
* (Talxâbî) IPA: [tɔpʊq]

### Noun

topuq (definite accusative topuqı, plural topuqlar)
* ankle

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
# Ceyci
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /keːˈyː.kiː/, [keːˈyːkiː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃeˈi.t͡ʃi/, [t͡ʃeˈiːt͡ʃi]

### Proper noun

Cēȳcī
* dative singular of Cēyx
# அடைந்தோர்
## Tamil
### Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aɖain̪d̪oːɾ/

### Noun

அடைந்தோர் • (aṭaintōr)
* honorific epicene past of அடை (aṭai) (literally, those who have received/attained/benefitted)
# Saraiki
## English
### Alternative forms

* Seraiki, Siraiki

### Etymology

From Saraiki سرائیکی (sarā'īkī), further etymology is disputed. There are multiple interpretations of this name's origin:
* From Sindhi سِرو (siro, “up-river, north”).
* From Sanskrit सौवीर (sauvīra, “Sauvira”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /səˈɹaɪ.kiː/
* (General American) IPA: /səˈɹaɪ.ki/
* Rhymes: -aɪki
* Hyphenation: Sa‧rai‧ki

### Noun

Saraiki pl (plural only)
* An ethnic group of central Pakistan.

#### Translations
### Proper noun

Saraiki
* The Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Saraiki people.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ The Siraiki Language of Central Pakistan: A Reference Grammar, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1976, →ISBN, page 2
* ↑ A Descriptive Grammar of Hindko, Panjabi, and Saraiki, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2019, 2019, →ISBN, page 44

## French
### Proper noun

Saraiki m
* Saraiki

## German
### Proper noun

Saraiki n (proper noun, strong, genitive Saraiki or Saraikis)
* Saraiki
# מאַסאַטשוסעטס
## Yiddish
### Proper noun

מאַסאַטשוסעטס • (masatshusets)
* Massachusetts (a state of the United States)
# -oaw
## Mokilese

* A user has added this entry to requests for verification
* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

### Suffix

-oaw
* indefinite article suffix for general object-class nouns; a (general object)
    ‎puk (“book”) + ‎-oaw → ‎pukkoaw (“a book”)

#### See also

| Demonstratives | Singular | Plural |
| Proximal (near speaker) | -e | -kai |
| Medial (near hearer) | -en, -n | -kan |
| Distal (near neither speaker nor hearer) | -o, -u | -ok |
| Articles | | |
| indefinite | -ew, -men, -oaw, -pas, -kij | -pwi |
| definite | -wa | -wa |
# кайыш
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Proto-Common Turkic *kadï-.
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (qaðïš, “belt”); Kazakh қайыс (qaiys, “rawhide”); Bashkir ҡайыш (qayış, “belt”), Southern Altai кайыш (kayïš, “belt”) Uzbek qayish (“belt”), Khakas хаас (xaas, “belt”), Yakut хатыс (qatıs, “leather strap/belt”), etc.

### Noun

кайыш • (kayış) (Arabic spelling قايىش)
* belt

## Southern Altai
### Etymology

From Proto-Common Turkic *kadï-.
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (qaðïš, “belt”); Kazakh қайыс (qaiys, “rawhide”); Kyrgyz кайыш (kayış, “belt”), Bashkir ҡайыш (qayış, “belt”) Uzbek qayish (“belt”), Khakas хаас (xaas, “belt”), Yakut хатыс (qatıs, “leather strap/belt”), etc.

### Noun

кайыш • (kayïš)
* belt

### References

N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “кайыш”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN
# Ceycem
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /keːˈyː.kem/, [keːˈyːkɛ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃeˈi.t͡ʃem/, [t͡ʃeˈiːt͡ʃem]

### Proper noun

Cēȳcem
* accusative singular of Cēyx
# ஆயா
## Tamil
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːjaː/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Probably from ஆய் (āy, “mother”) +‎ ஆய் (āy), literally translates to 'mother's mother'.

#### Noun

ஆயா • (āyā)
* (Madras Bashai, impolite, derogatory elsewhere) grandmother
    Synonyms: பாட்டி (pāṭṭi), ஆச்சி (ācci), அம்மம்மா (ammammā), அப்பம்மா (appammā)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Portuguese aia. Cognates include Malayalam ആയ (āya) and Hindi आया (āyā).

#### Noun

ஆயா • (āyā)
* maidservant, ayah
    Synonyms: பணிப்பெண் (paṇippeṇ), வேலைக்காரி (vēlaikkāri)
* nanny, nursemaid

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* ஆயமரம் (āyamaram)

#### Noun

ஆயா • (āyā)
* Holoptelea integrifolia
# だんまつま
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of だんまつま – see the following entry. :
| 【断末魔】 | [noun] deathbed; final moments; hour of death [noun] pain experienced while dying; agony Alternative spelling 断末摩 |
(This term, だんまつま (danmatsuma), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# Мічиґан
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* Мі́чига́н (Míčyhán)

### Pronunciation

* Мічиґа́н: IPA: [mʲit͡ʃeˈɡan] (traditional pronunciation)
* Мі́чиґан: IPA: [ˈmʲit͡ʃeɡɐn] (imitating the English pronunciation)

### Proper noun

Мічиґа́н or Мі́чиґан • (Mičygán or Míčygan) m inan (genitive Мічиґа́ну or Мі́чиґану, uncountable, relational adjective мічиґа́нський or мі́чиґанський)
* Michigan (a state of the United States)
* Michigan, Lake Michigan (a large lake in the United States, between the states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois and Indiana)

#### Derived terms

* мічиґа́нець (mičygánecʹ)
* мічиґа́нка (mičygánka)
# 少林
## Chinese
### Etymology

少 (Shào) is short for 少室山 (Shàoshìshān, “Shaoshi Peak”), the western peak of Mount Song. The eponymous temple is located north of the peak, a forested area.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Shàolín
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^3$ lam$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Siàu-lîm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siao$^3$ lim$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sau-lin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Shàolín
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Shàolín
*** Wade–Giles: Shao$^4$-lin$^2$
*** Yale: Shàu-lín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shawlin
*** Palladius: Шаолинь (Šaolinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^3$ lam$^4$
*** Yale: siu làhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^3$ lam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^3$ lem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯³³ lɐm²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siàu-lîm
*** Tâi-lô: Siàu-lîm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaoliim
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau¹¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau²¹⁻⁴¹ lim²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siao$^3$ lim$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siàu lîm
*** Sinological IPA : /siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lim⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$sau-lin
*** MiniDict: sau$^去$ lin
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$sau-lin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɔ³³ lin⁴⁴/

### Proper noun

少林
* Shaolin

#### Derived terms

* 少林功夫 (Shàolín gōngfū)
* 少林寺 (Shàolínsì)
* 少林風濕跌打膏 / 少林风湿跌打膏 (shàolín fēngshī diēdǎ gāo)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 少 | 林 |
| しょう Grade: 2 | りん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Possibly from Middle Chinese 少林 (MC syewH lim).

### Proper noun

少(しょう)林(りん) • (Shōrin)
* Shaolin

#### Derived terms

* 少林忌(しょうりんき) (Shōrin-ki)
* 少林寺(しょうりんじ) (Shōrin-ji)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 少 | 林 |

### Proper noun

少林
* chữ Hán form of Thiếu Lâm (“Shaolin”).
# ałm
## Sudovian
### Etymology

Differs from other Baltic words, which are from Proto-Balto-Slavic *āˀbōl.
* Most likely from Proto-Common Turkic *alma. Helimski claims it could have been borrowed via Hungarian alma, but Witczak argues it was more likely introduced by Karaites or Tatars.
* Zinkevičius: Possibly related to Lithuanian almė́ti (“to ooze”), almuõ (“pus”).
* Zinkevičius: Possibly related to Ancient Greek μῆλον (mêlon), Hittite 𒊭𒈠𒇻 (šamalu-, “apple”).

### Noun

ałm
* apple
** “Pagan dialects from Narew” line 108, (copied by V. Zinov, 1983):jabłko — ałmjabłko — apple

### References

* ↑ K. T. Witczak (2020) “Ugrofinizmy w języku jaćwieskim [Finno-Ugric borrowings in Yatvingian]”, in Acta Baltico-Slavica (in Polish), volume 44, →DOI, page 149: “3. Jaćw. ałm ‘jabłko’.”
* ↑ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985) “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica, volume 21, number 1 (in Lithuanian), Vilnius: VU, →DOI, page 69: “ałm ‘obuolys, l. jabłko’ 108.”