# 麻將
## Chinese

* 麻將 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 麻将 (Wu)

### Etymology

From 麻雀 (máquè, “sparrow”), with a Wu diminutive suffix /ŋ̍/ (syllabic velar nasal), retained in some Wu languages (compare Wenzhounese /ŋ̍/). This suffix then fused with the preceding syllable, and was conserved in the form of a nasal coda /-ŋ/. As an example compare Shanghainese 雀 (old pron.: /t͡ɕia̠ʔ⁵/) + /-ŋ̍/ → 將 /t͡ɕiã⁵³/.
The game of mahjong was called 馬吊／马吊 (mǎdiào) during the Ming and Qing dynasties, where the second syllable presumably represented a Wu pronunciation of 鳥／鸟 (niǎo) ("bird", see there for more).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): májiàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maa$^4$ zoeng$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ma$^4$ 'jiong$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mà-chiông
* Jin (Wiktionary): ma$^1$ jion$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$mo-cian
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ma$^2$ zian$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: májiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: májiàng
*** Wade–Giles: ma$^2$-chiang$^4$
*** Yale: má-jyàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: majianq
*** Palladius: мацзян (maczjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /mä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$麻將 / 麻将 麻醬 / 麻酱
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maa$^4$ zoeng$^3$
*** Yale: màh jeung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maa$^4$ dzoeng$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ma$^4$ zêng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /maː²¹ t͡sœːŋ³³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$麻將 / 麻将 麻醬 / 麻酱
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^4$ 'jiong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ma³⁵ ˈt͡ɕiɔŋ³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mà-chiông
*** Hakka Romanization System: ma$^ˇ$ jiong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ma$^2$ jiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ma¹¹ t͡si̯oŋ²⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^1$ jion$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ma¹¹ t͡ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$mo-cian
*** MiniDict: mo$^去$ cian
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$mo-jian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²² t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ma$^2$ zian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ma̠¹³ t͡si̯æn⁴⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ma̠¹³ t͡ɕi̯æn⁴⁵/

### Noun

麻將
* mahjong
* (chiefly Wu, dated in Shanghainese) sparrow

#### Synonyms

* (mahjong):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 麻將 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 麻將 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 麻將 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 麻將, 骨牌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 麻將 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 麻將, 方城戲 humorous, 竹城戲 humorous |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 麻將 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 麻將, 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 麻將 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 麻將牌, 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 麻將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 麻將, 骨牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 麻雀, 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 麻雀, 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 麻將 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 麻雀 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 麻將 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 麻將 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 麻將 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 麻將, 貫索牌子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 麻將 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 麻將 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 麻將 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 麻將 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Datong | 麻架 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 麻架 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 麻將 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 麻將 |
| Jin | Linhe | 麻架 |
| Jin | Jining | 麻架, 麻將 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 麻架 |
| Jin | Baotou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 麻將 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 麻架 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Handan | 麻將 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 麻將 |
| Jin | Suide | 麻將 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 雀牌 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 麻雀 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 麻將 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 麻雀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 麻雀 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 麻鳥 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 麻雀, 麻雀牌, 麻將 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Danyang | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 麻將, 麻將牌 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 麻將 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 麻將 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 麻將 |
* (sparrow):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 雀 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 麻雀 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 麻雀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 家雀兒, 老家賊, 老家子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 麻雀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 家照兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 家雀兒, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 家雀兒, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 老家子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 家雀, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 家雀兒, 老家賊, 家賊 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 家雀兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 麻雀 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 家雀兒, 老家賊 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 老家 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 家雀兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 家雀兒, 家雀子, 家雀 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 家雀兒, 雀兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 家雀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 飛蟲 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 小蟲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 雀兒, 麻雀兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 小老雀兒, 老雀兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 麻雀子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 麻雀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 麻雀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 雀兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 麻雀子, 乾頭麻雀子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 麻雀, 家麻雀, 麻雀子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 麻雀, 瓦雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 小雀, 穀雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 麻雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 麻雀, 麻雀鳥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 瓦雀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 麻雀兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 麻䨂子, 麻雀子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 麻雀兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 麻雀, 禾花雀, 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 禾雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 胡雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 禾丫雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 禾花雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 禾雀, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻雀, 麻鷝 Qishi |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 禾雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 麻雀, 禾雀 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 禾雀仔, 禾鷝仔 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 禾雀仔, 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 麻甩 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 麻雀, 馬騮兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 禾穀仔 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 禾花雀 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 麻甩仔 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 麻乜 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 麻雀仔, 禾穀雀 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 麻啲, 禾穀雀 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 麻啲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 麻雀仔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 麻雀 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 麻雀 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 奸雀子, 奸雀, 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 禾接 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 麻雀, 麻雀鳥仔, 麻雀仔 |
| Gan | Guixi | 麻雀鳥仂 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 麻雀, 麻雀仔, 禾花雀 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 禾烈 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 麻雀哎 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 鵝鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 禾鷝哩 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 禾雀, 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 禾雀 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 禾鷝仔 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Changting | 禾鷝子, 麻鷝雀哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 禾鷝子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 禾雀鳥 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 禾鷝子, 禾雀仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 禾鷝子, 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 禾雀, 禾雀子 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 麻鳥子 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 麻鳥哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屋角鳥, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 禾鷝仔, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 麻雀, 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 屋角鳥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 瓦雀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屋檐鳥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 瓦雀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 必子鳥, 屋檐鳥, 屋角鳥 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 禾鷝仔, 麻雀仔 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 麻雀子 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 瓦筒雀 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 禾鷝 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 瓦鷝子 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 瓦雀子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 穀鷝子 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 鳥子 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 麻尾鳥 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 麻麥鳥 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 麻雀 |
| Hakka | Senai (Hepo) | 麻雀, 禾鷝 dated |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 麻雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 米𪇹兒 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 米雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 麻雀兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 童梁, 童梁鳥, 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 麻雀 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 麻雀鳥 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 雀兒, 家雀兒, 麻雀 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 雀兒, 土雀兒, 老家雀 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 飛鳥兒, 小雀兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 老家子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 麻雀, 老家子 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 老家子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 家雀兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 小蟲兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 毛隻仔, 隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 黃鷝仔 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 雀鳥仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 隻鳥仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 雀鳥 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 禾隻仔 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 禾味仔, 隻仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 隻隻, 隻囝 suburban |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 隻隻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 隻鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 王鴓 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 粟鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 鸕鴓 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 隻囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 麻鳥 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 隻隻 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 粟鳥, 雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 粟鳥仔, 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 厝頭雀仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 麻鳥賊仔, 麻鳥賊 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 松鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 粟鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 厝鳥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 粟鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 厝角鳥, 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 厝角鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 粟鳥仔, 厝鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 杙鳥仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 厝角鳥, 厝鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 厝角鳥 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 粟仔鳥, 麻雀鳥 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 粟鳥仔, 粟鳥, 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 檐賓仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 麻雀 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鳥暝 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 雀暝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 鳥囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鳥囝, 雀囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 雀囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 碧隻囝 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 麻雀仔, 百家鷂, 禾穀仔 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 斑雀仔 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 雀仔 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 麻鳥, 禾花雀 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 偷飯雀, 麻鷝雀, 麻雀 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 麻鳥 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 八哥鳥 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 食穀鳥 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 麻雀 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 禾鷝 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 麻雀, 麻將鳥, 麻將 dated, 麻鳥 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 麻將 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 麻雀 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 麻雀, 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 麻雀, 麻雀雀, 麻雀子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 麻雀兒, 雀兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 麻將 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 雀兒, 吃穀雀兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 麻雀兒, 麻雀 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 麻雀兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 麻雀子, 麻雀 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 麻雀子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 麻賊子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 麻雀子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 麻雀 |

#### Derived terms

* 打麻將 / 打麻将 (dǎ májiàng)
* 搓麻將 / 搓麻将 (cuō májiàng)
* 麻將桌 / 麻将桌 (májiàngzhuō)
* 麻將牌 / 麻将牌 (májiàngpái)
* 麻將連連看 / 麻将连连看 (májiàng liánliánkàn)
* 麻將館 / 麻将馆 (májiàngguǎn)

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 마장(麻將) (majang)
Others:
* → English: mahjong
* → Japanese: 麻(マー)雀(ジャン) (mājan)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 麻 | 將 |
| マー Grade: S | ジャン Jinmeiyō |
| irregular ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 麻將 – see the following entry. :
| 【麻雀マージャン】 | [noun] mahjong Alternative spelling 麻将 |
(This term, 麻將, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (麻将) of the above term.) :