# Persian
## English

Wikibooks

### Etymology 1

From Middle English percynne, from Middle French persien, from Italian persiano, from Medieval Latin Persiānus, from Latin Persia, from Ancient Greek Περσίς (Persís), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 (p-a-r-s /⁠Pārsa⁠/, “Persia”) (compare Early Classical Persian پارس (pārs) or modern Iranian Persian فارس (fârs), where the shift p > f. Equivalent to Persia +‎ -ian.

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɜː.ʒən/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ˈpɝʒən/
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)ʒən
* (dated) IPA: /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/

#### Proper noun

Persian
* The Persian language, or a family of languages spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.
    Synonyms: Farsi, Dari (in Afghanistan), Tajik (in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan)

#### Noun

Persian (plural Persians)
* (countable) A person from Persia.
* (countable) A person of Persian descent.
* (historical) An Iranian.
* A Persian cat.
* (Canada, chiefly Northwestern Ontario) A pastry local to the Thunder Bay region in Canada often compared to either a cinnamon bun or a donut topped with pink icing.
* A sheep of the Blackhead Persian breed.
* A thin silk fabric, formerly used for linings.
** 1696, J. F. Merchant?, The merchant's ware-house laid open:There is of those Persians several lengths.
* (architecture) Any of a set of male figures used instead of columns to support an entablature.

##### Usage notes

* The term "Farsi" has gained currency in English to refer to the Persian language, though often used for all varieties it, it is frequently used to distinguish the variety spoken in Iran from other varieties. Likewise, the terms "Dari" and "Tajik" or "Tajiki" have become common terms to distinguish varieties spoke in Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan and Uzbekistan (Tajiki), though this distinction is sometimes controversial.

##### Derived terms

* Afghan Persian
* Classical Persian
* Dari-Persian
* Judeo-Persian
* Law of the Medes and Persians
* Tajiki-Persian

##### Related terms

* perse

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

##### See also

* Farsi
* Iranian
* Perse
* persophone
* Wiktionary's coverage of Persian terms
* Appendix:Persian Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Persian

#### Adjective

Persian (comparative more Persian, superlative most Persian)
* Of, from, or pertaining to Persia.
* Of or pertaining to the Persian people.
* Of or pertaining to the Persian language.
    Synonym: Farsi

##### Derived terms

* Colourpoint Persian
* Himalayan Persian
* Persian arch
* Persian berry (Rhamnus saxatilis et al.)
* Persian blue
* Persian cat
* Persian column
* Persian cumin (Carum carvi)
* Persian darnel (Lolium persicum)
* Persian drill
* Persian fire
* Persian flaw
* Persian Gulf
* Persian Gulf oxide
* Persian gum
* Persian insect powder
* Persian lamb
* Persian lilac (Syringa × persica or Melia azedarach)
* Persian onager (Equus hemionus onager)
* Persian orange
* Persian powder
* Persian red
* Persian relapsing fever
* Persian rummy
* Persian violet
* Persian walnut
* Persian Wars
* Persian wheel
* Persian wild ass (Equus hemionus onager)
* Persian zebra (Equus hemionus onager)

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

##### Further reading

* English–Persian and Persian–English dictionary
* ISO 639-1 code fa, ISO 639-3 code fas (SIL)
* Ethnologue entry for Persian, fas ⁠, a language family including:
* Ethnologue entry for Western Farsi, pes ⁠
* Ethnologue entry for Dari, prs ⁠

### Etymology 2

From Persius +‎ -ian.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɜː(ɹ)si.ən/, /ˈpɜː(ɹ)ʃən/
* Homophone: Persean

#### Adjective

Persian (comparative more Persian, superlative most Persian)
* Of or pertaining to Persius (Roman writer)
** 1998, Stephen Hinds, Allusion and Intertext: Dynamics of Appropriation in Roman Poetry:...as it seems from an Ovidian or Persian standpoint and also, perhaps, from the comic standpoints of Plautus or Caecilius...

### Anagrams

* arpines, asperin, paniers, prasine, rapines, saprine, separin

## Finnish
### Noun

Persian
* genitive singular of Persia

### Anagrams

* parisen, parsien, rapisen