# 特別
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tèbié
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dak$^6$ bit$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ak$^5$ bet$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): tet$^6$ piet$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thi̍t-phe̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): tid$^ˋ$ pied$^ˋ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĕk-biék
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deh$^7$ beh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): te̍k-pia̍t / tia̍k-pia̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dêg$^8$ biag$^8$ / dêg$^8$ biêg$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$deq-biq$_8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tèbié
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tèbié
*** Wade–Giles: tʻê$^4$-pieh$^2$
*** Yale: tè-byé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tehbye
*** Palladius: тэбе (tɛbe)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɤ⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dak$^6$ bit$^6$
*** Yale: dahk biht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dak$^9$ bit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: deg$^6$ bid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐk̚² piːt̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ak$^5$ bet$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ak̚³² pet̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: tet$^6$ piet$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɛt̚⁵ pʰiɛt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi̍t-phe̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: tid ped
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tid$^6$ ped$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰit̚⁵ pʰet̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tid$^ˋ$ pied$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰit² pʰiet²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dĕk-biék
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ piɛʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: deh$^7$ beh$^7$ [Phonetic: deh$^6$ beh$^7$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: de̍h-be̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛʔ⁴⁻¹ pɛʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: deh$^7$ beh$^7$ [Phonetic: deh$^6$ beh$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛʔ²⁴⁻² pɛʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: te̍k-pia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ti̍k-pia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: degpiat
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² piɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ piɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Singapore): /tek̚⁴³⁻²¹ piɛt̚⁴³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍k-pia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: tia̍k-pia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diagpiat
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tiak̚²⁴⁻² piɛt̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dêg$^8$ biag$^8$ / dêg$^8$ biêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: te̍k pia̍k / te̍k pie̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /tek̚⁴⁻² piak̚⁴/, /tek̚⁴⁻² piek̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Jiaxing)
*** Wugniu: $^8$deq-biq$_8$
*** MiniDict: deh$^入$ bih$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$deq-biq$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /dəʔ¹¹ biɪʔ²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /dəʔ³³ biɪʔ⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /dəʔ²² biɪʔ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dok bjet
Rime :
| Character | 特 | 別 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 德 (131) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 徒得切 | 皮列切 |
| Baxter | dok | bjet |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dək̚/ | /bˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dək̚/ | /bᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dək̚/ | /biæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dək̚/ | /biat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /dək̚/ | /bjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /dək̚/ | /bĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱək̚/ | /bʱi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dé | bié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dak$^6$ | bit$^6$ |

### Adjective

特別
* special
    特別鳴謝／特别鸣谢 ― tèbié míngxiè ― special thanks
       Rúhé ràng yīge nánshēng juéde nǐ hěn tèbié? [Pinyin]
       How can you make a boy think you're special?

#### Synonyms

* 別樣 / 别样 (biéyàng)
* 各 (gě) (dialectal, pejorative)
* 奇特 (qítè)
* 專有 / 专有 (zhuānyǒu) (attributive)
* 殊異 / 殊异 (shūyì) (literary)
* 特有 (tèyǒu) (attributive)
* 特殊 (tèshū)
* 特異 / 特异 (tèyì)
* 獨特 / 独特 (dútè)
* 非常 (fēicháng) (formal)

#### Antonyms

* 平常 (píngcháng)
* 通常 (tōngcháng)
* 普通 (pǔtōng)
* 尋常／寻常 (xúncháng)
* 一般 (yībān)

#### Derived terms

* 特別行政區 / 特别行政区 (tèbié xíngzhèngqū)
* 特區 / 特区 (tèqū)

### Adverb

特別
* especially; particularly
       Wǒ jīntiān xīnqíng tèbié gāoxìng. [Pinyin]
       I am in a particularly happy mood today.
       Wǒ juéde Xiù yīng zhège jiànyì tèbié de hǎo. [Pinyin]
       I think Xiuying's suggestion is particularly good.
       Tā hěn xǐhuān zuò yùndòng, tèbié shì yóuyǒng. [Pinyin]
       He really likes to do exercise, especially swimming.
    From: 1942, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 經典常談
    Wǒguó jīngdiǎn, wèijīng zhěnglǐ, dú qǐlái tèbié nán, yībānrén wǎngwǎng wàng'érshēngwèi, jiéguǒ shì jìng'éryuǎnzhī. [Pinyin]
    Chinese classics are difficult to read uncollated. Ordinary people are often terrified by the sight of them, and prefer to remain at a respectful distance.
    From: 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 《蒙自雜記》
    Wǒ zài Méngzì zhù guò wǔ ge yuè, wǒ de jiā yě zài nàlǐ zhù guò liǎng ge yuè. Wǒ xiànzài chángcháng xiǎngqǐ zhè ge dìfang, tèbié shì zài rénshì fánmáng de shíhou. Méngzì xiǎo de hǎo, rén shǎo de hǎo. [Pinyin]
    I lived in Mengzi for five months, and my family two months. I often think of the place now, especially when my social life is busy. Mengzi is good because it's small and sparsely populated.
* specially; purposely
* (chiefly Mainland China) extremely; very; highly

#### Synonyms

* (especially):
* 分外 (fènwài)
* 尤其 (yóuqí)
* 尤為 / 尤为 (yóuwéi)
* 格外 (géwài)
* 頭一 / 头一 (teu$^2$ it) (Gan)
* 額外 / 额外 (nge$^6$ uai$^5$) (Xiang)
* (specially):
* 單意 / 单意 (dan$^1$ i$^3$) (Jin)
* 專誠 / 专诚 (zhuānchéng) (literary)
* 巴巴兒地 / 巴巴儿地 (bābārde) (regional)
* 巴意 (Yinchuan)
* 撥工 / 拨工 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 特事 (Hakka)
* 特地 (tèdì)
* 特意 (tèyì)
* 特特裡 / 特特里 ($^8$deq-deq-li) (Wu)
* 特登 (dak$^6$ dang$^1$) (Cantonese)
* 罷是 / 罢是 (ba$^5$ shr$^5$) (Xiang)
* 著意 / 着意 (Hakka)
* 迭誠 / 迭诚 ($^8$diq-zen) (Wu)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 特別(とくべつ) (tokubetsu)
* → Korean: 특별(特別) (teukbyeol)
* → Vietnamese: đặc biệt (特別)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 特 | 別 |
| とく Grade: 4 | べつ Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とくべつ [tòkúbétsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞kɯ̟be̞t͡sɨ]

### Adjective

特(とく)別(べつ) • (tokubetsu) -na (adnominal 特(とく)別(べつ)な (tokubetsu na), adverbial 特(とく)別(べつ)に (tokubetsu ni))
* special

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 特別だろ | とくべつだろ | tokubetsu daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 特別で | とくべつで | tokubetsu de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 特別だ | とくべつだ | tokubetsu da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 特別な | とくべつな | tokubetsu na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 特別なら | とくべつなら | tokubetsu nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 特別であれ | とくべつであれ | tokubetsu de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 特別ではない 特別じゃない | とくべつではない とくべつじゃない | tokubetsu de wa nai tokubetsu ja nai |
| Informal past | 特別だった | とくべつだった | tokubetsu datta |
| Informal negative past | 特別ではなかった 特別じゃなかった | とくべつではなかった とくべつじゃなかった | tokubetsu de wa nakatta tokubetsu ja nakatta |
| Formal | 特別です | とくべつです | tokubetsu desu |
| Formal negative | 特別ではありません 特別じゃありません | とくべつではありません とくべつじゃありません | tokubetsu de wa arimasen tokubetsu ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 特別でした | とくべつでした | tokubetsu deshita |
| Formal negative past | 特別ではありませんでした 特別じゃありませんでした | とくべつではありませんでした とくべつじゃありませんでした | tokubetsu de wa arimasen deshita tokubetsu ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 特別で | とくべつで | tokubetsu de |
| Conditional | 特別なら（ば） | とくべつなら（ば） | tokubetsu nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 特別だったら | とくべつだったら | tokubetsu dattara |
| Volitional | 特別だろう | とくべつだろう | tokubetsu darō |
| Adverbial | 特別に | とくべつに | tokubetsu ni |
| Degree | 特別さ | とくべつさ | tokubetsusa |

#### Synonyms

* 特(とく) (toku)
* 特殊(とくしゅ) (tokushu)

#### Antonyms

* 通常(つうじょう) (tsūjō)
* 平常(へいじょう) (heijō)
* 普通(ふつう) (futsū)
* 一般(いっぱん) (ippan)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 特 | 別 |

### Noun

特別 • (teukbyeol) (hangeul 특별)
* hanja form of 특별 (“specialness”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 特 | 別 |

### Adjective

特別
* chữ Hán form of đặc biệt (“special; unusual”).