OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# îabebyra
## Old Tupi
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jaβeβɨr.

### Noun

îabebyra (unpossessable)
* ray

### References

* ↑ Antônio Augusto Souza Mello (2000 March 17) “Reconstruções Lexicais e Cognatos” (chapter III), in Estudo histórico da família linguística tupi-guarani: aspectos fonológicos e lexicais (in Portuguese), Florianópolis: UFSC, page 164, line 174
* ↑ Nelson Papavero, Dante Martins Teixeira (2014) Zoonímia tupi nos escritos quinhentistas europeus [Tupi zoonymy in the 16th-century European writings] (Arquivos NEHiLP; 3) (in Portuguese), São Paulo: FFLCH-USP, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 284

### Further reading

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “îabebyra”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 152, column 1
# 肥地
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): féidì
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˊ ㄉㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fei$^4$ dei$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pûi-tōe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: féidì
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˊ ㄉㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: féidì
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^2$-ti$^4$
*** Yale: féi-dì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feirdih
*** Palladius: фэйди (fɛjdi)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯³⁵ ti⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fei$^4$ dei$^6$
*** Yale: fèih deih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fei$^4$ dei$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: féi$^4$ déi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fei̯²¹ tei̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pûi-tōe
*** Tâi-lô: puî-tuē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pui'doe
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pui²³⁻³³ tue³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pui²⁴⁻²² tue²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pui²⁴⁻¹¹ tue³³/

### Noun

肥地
* (agriculture) fertile land; rich soil

#### Synonyms

* 沃土 (wòtǔ)
* 沃壤 (wòrǎng)
* 肥塗 / 肥涂 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 肥田 (féitián)

#### Antonyms

* 㾪田 (Hokkien)
* 瘠田 (jítián)
* 竭地 (Hokkien)
* 薄地 (bódì)
* 薄田 (bótián)
# planistką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plaˈɲist.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -istkɔw̃
* Syllabification: pla‧nist‧ką

### Noun

planistką
* instrumental singular of planistka
# bieleń
## Old Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /bjɛlʲɛɲ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /bjɛlʲɛɲ/

### Noun

bieleń m animacy unattested
* Alternative form of bieluń
# Zonneft
## Luxembourgish
### Noun

Zonneft m (plural Zonneften)
* guild, brotherhood

#### Synonyms

* Amecht
# burkmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

burkmak (third-person singular simple present burkar)
* to sprain

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Related terms

* burmak (“to twist, screw, wind”)
* burkulmak
* buruşmak
* burkuntu

#### See also

* bükmek
# Ildefonso
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from the Spanish personal name Ildefonso. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.

### Proper noun

Ildefonso (plural Ildefonsos)
* A surname from Spanish.

#### Related terms

* San Ildefonso

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Ildefonso is the 35812th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 627 individuals. Ildefonso is most common among White (70.81%) and Asian/Pacific Islander (21.53%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Ildefonso”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 226.

## Italian
### Etymology

From Spanish.

### Proper noun

Ildefonso m
* a male given name

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin Hildefōnsus, from Gothic [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /iw.deˈfõ.su/ [iʊ̯.deˈfõ.su]
* (Brazil) IPA: /iw.deˈfõ.su/ [iʊ̯.deˈfõ.su]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /iw.deˈfõ.so/ [iʊ̯.deˈfõ.so]
* (Portugal) IPA: /il.dɨˈfõ.su/ [iɫ.dɨˈfõ.su]

### Proper noun

Ildefonso m
* a male given name from Gothic

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin Ildephonsus, Ildefonsus, Hildephonsus, probably from Gothic *𐌷𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌹𐍆𐌿𐌽𐍃 (*hildifuns), from the Proto-Germanic elements *hildiz (“battle, fight”) + *funsaz (“ready”). See also Alfonso.
The earliest historical figure with this name was Ildephonsus of Toledo (607-667 A.D.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ildeˈfonso/ [il̪.d̪eˈfõn.so]
* Rhymes: -onso
* Syllabification: Il‧de‧fon‧so

### Proper noun

Ildefonso f
* a male given name from Gothic

#### Derived terms

* San Ildefonso
# れんせい
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of れんせい – see the following entry. :
| 【錬成】 | [noun] 錬成, 練成: training; strengthening [noun] 錬成: (modern fiction) the act/use of alchemy (錬金術) [verb] 錬成, 練成: to train; to strengthen [verb] 錬成: (modern fiction) to produce with alchemy (錬金術) Alternative spelling 練成 |
(This term, れんせい (rensei), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# hooking
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhʊkɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʊkɪŋ

### Verb

hooking
* present participle and gerund of hook

### Noun

hooking (countable and uncountable, plural hookings)
* The act of catching or fastening something on a hook.
** 2001, Max Hunn, Fishing Adventures in Florida: Sport Fishing with Light Tackle:There was a surprising number of foul hookings.
* (ice hockey, bandy, floorball) The penalized action of using one's stick to restrain an opponent.

#### Derived terms

* rug hooking
# 恰喀拉語
## Chinese

| | | | speech; language; dialectspeech; language; dialect; tell to |
| trad. (恰喀拉語) | trad. (恰喀拉語) | 恰喀拉 | 語 |
| simp. (恰喀拉语) | simp. (恰喀拉语) | 恰喀拉 | 语 |
(This form in the hanzi box does not have a page created for it yet: "恰喀拉语".)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Qiàkālāyǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄩˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Qiàkālāyǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄚˋ ㄎㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Ciàkalayǔ
*** Wade–Giles: Chʻia$^4$-kʻa$^1$-la$^1$-yü$^3$
*** Yale: Chyà-kā-lā-yǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chiahkalhayeu
*** Palladius: Цякалаюй (Cjakalajuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ä⁵¹ kʰä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Proper noun

恰喀拉語
* the Kyakala language
# くわうだうたい
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of くわうだうたい – see the following entry. :
| 【黄道帯こうどうたい】 | [noun] (astrology) zodiac |
(This term, くわうだうたい (kwaudautai), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# oním
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoɲiːm]

### Pronoun

oním
* instrumental masculine/neuter singular of onen
# 乌德盖语
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乌德盖语 – see 烏德蓋語 (“the Udihe language”). (This term is the simplified form of 烏德蓋語).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# oněm
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoɲɛm]

### Pronoun

oněm
* dative plural of onen
# Bahā'u'llāh
## English
### Proper noun

Bahā'u'llāh
* Uncommon form of Baháʼu'lláh.
# 巴拉语
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 巴拉语 – see 巴拉語 (“the Bala language, an extinct Tungusic language.”). (This term is the simplified form of 巴拉語).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# escalation
## English
### Etymology

From escalate +‎ -ion.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /ˈɛs.kəˌleɪ.ʃən/
** Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

escalation (countable and uncountable, plural escalations)
* The act of escalating.
* An increase or rise, especially to counteract a perceived discrepancy.
** 2012 April 19, Josh Halliday, “Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, in the Guardian‎:Thousands of violent videos are still available on the internet, according to Alexander, who claims they lead to an escalation in offline tensions between rival gangs. "I believe some young people are losing their lives as result of this material on the internet," she said.
* A deliberate or premeditated increase in the violence or geographic scope of a conflict.
** 2018 December 1, Drachinifel, 8:35 from the start, in Anti-Slavery Patrols - The West Africa Squadron‎, archived from the original on 29 November 2024:The 1840s saw a further escalation, with new laws treating most slave ships captured as pirates, and a number of military expeditions being mounted to destroy slaving centres on the African coast and depose, or even kill, remaining local kings and chiefs who had refused to end slavery in their territory.
* (support) The reassignment of a difficult problem to someone whose job is dedicated to handling such cases.
** 2003, Garry Schultz, The Customer Care and Contact Center Handbook, →ISBN, page 229:The manager ensures that the escalation team generates a continuous stream of root cause analysis exercises and the subsequent corrective actions.
** 2016, Francoise Tourniaire, The Art of Support, →ISBN, page 154:Resolving escalations tends to require large amounts of time and energy from the support engineer working on an escalation and from the manager driving it. If those individuals are also required to attend to other issues, they will either neglect other customers (not good) or do a poor job of driving the escalation (very bad).

#### Derived terms

* escalation dominance
* escalation plan
* horizontal escalation
* privilege escalation
* re-escalation
* vertical escalation

#### Related terms

* de-escalation
* escalatory

#### Translations
## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English escalation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.skaˈlɛʃ.ʃon/
* Rhymes: -ɛʃʃon

### Noun

escalation f (invariable)
* escalation (all senses)

### References

* ↑ escalation in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Anagrams

* anelastico
# mencintai
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /mənt͡ʃinˈtai/ [mən.t͡ʃinˈt̪a.i]
* Rhymes: -ai
* Syllabification: men‧cin‧ta‧i

### Verb

mêncintai
* active of cintai
    Aku mencintaimu. ― I love you.
# ほしうらなひ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of ほしうらなひ – see the following entry. :
| 【星占ほしうらない】 | [noun] horoscope Alternative spelling 星占 |
(This term, ほしうらなひ (fosiuranafi), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# North Central Province
## English
### Etymology

Either:
* A Calque of Sinhalese උතුරු මැද පළාත (uturu mæda paḷāta)
* A Calque of Tamil வட மத்திய மாகாணம் (vaṭa mattiya mākāṇam)

### Proper noun

North Central Province
* A province of Sri Lanka. Capital: Anuradhapura.
# おおじがふぐり
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of おおじがふぐり – see the following entry. :
| 【螵蛸】 | [noun] [from 918] a mantis egg case |
(This term, おおじがふぐり (ōjigafuguri), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# おぽぢがふぐり
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of おぽぢがふぐり – see the following entry. :
| 【螵蛸おおじがふぐり】 | [noun] [from 918] a mantis egg case |
(This term, おぽぢがふぐり (opodigafuguri), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# へうしやう
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of へうしやう – see the following entry. :
| 【表彰ひょうしょう】 | [noun] commendation, official recognition [verb] commend, recognize |
(This term, へうしやう (feusyau), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# いわてけん
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of いわてけん – see the following entry. :
| 【岩手県】 | [proper noun] a prefecture in 東北 (Tōhoku) region of Japan; its capital city is 盛岡 (Morioka) |
(This term, いわてけん (iwateken), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# Zhangjiakou
## English
### Alternative forms

* Changchiakou, Chang-chia-k'ou (Wade–Giles)
* Changkiakow

### Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 張家口 / 张家口 (Zhāngjiākǒu).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: jängʹjyäʹkōʹ

### Proper noun

Zhangjiakou
* A prefecture-level city in Hebei, China.
** [1977, Jack Chen, “The Kuomintang's Last Gamble”, in The Sinkiang Story‎, New York, London: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.; Collier Macmillan Publishers, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 253:Sure of his superiority, Chiang launched a countrywide offensive to establish his supremacy. In October, his troops occupied the important North China city of Changchiakou (Kalgan) and a number of other cities evacuated by the People's Liberation Army in accordance with its strategy of not holding cities but concentrating on wiping out enemy troops.]
** 2022 February 11, Remy Tumin, “A Beijing Games first: Real snow in Zhangjiakou.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-02-12‎:A steady snow was falling in the morning at Zhangjiakou, and overcast skies threatened snow flurries in Yanqing and Beijing.

#### Synonyms

* (from Mongolian) Kalgan

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “Kalgan”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World‎, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 898, column 1

### Further reading

* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Zhangjiakou”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 3, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 3561, column 3
# iongantach
## Irish
### Adjective

iongantach
* Superseded spelling of iontach (“wonderful”).

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish ingantach (“wonderful”), from Old Irish ingnad (compare modern iongnadh).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /ˈĩ.un̪ˠt̪əx/, /ˈĩən̪ˠt̪əx/
* (Harris) IPA: [ˈi̯ɯːn̪ˠd̪ʌx], [ˈɪ̃ɣən̪ˠd̪ʌx]
* (North Uist) IPA: [ˈĩ.ən̪ˠd̪ʌx], [ˈɪ̃ɣən̪ˠd̪ʌx]
* (Benbecula, South Uist, Barra) IPA: /ˈiŋɡət̪əx/, [ˈiŋɡət̪ʌx]
* (Wester Ross) IPA: /ˈĩãn̪ˠd̥ɔx/

### Adjective

iongantach (comparative iongantaiche)
* wonderful, amazing
    Tha i ann am fonn iongantach. ― She's in a wonderful mood.
* surprising
    'S iongantach an car a thig an cois a' chogaidh. ― Strange fortunes come in the wake of war.
* extraordinary

#### Derived terms

* iongantachd

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ingantach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* 1 2 3 Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
# しもきたざわ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of しもきたざわ – see the following entry. :
| 【下北沢】 | [proper noun] Shimokitazawa (a neighborhood of Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan) |
(This term, しもきたざわ (shimokitazawa), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# Erich
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Erich.

### Proper noun

Erich (plural Erichs)
* A surname from German.

#### Related terms

* Eric
* Erick
* Erik
* Eriq
* Erique

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Erich is the 39117th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 563 individuals. Erich is most common among White (97.16%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Erich”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 532.

### Anagrams

* Cheri, Reich, Rheic, Riche, cheir-, riche

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈeːʁɪç]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Erich m (proper noun, strong, genitive Erichs, plural Eriche or Erichs)
* a male given name from Old Norse, variant of Eric or Erik, feminine equivalent Erica or Erika, equivalent to English Eric
# Μιθριδάτης
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* Μιτραδάτης (Mitradátēs)
* Μιθραδάτης (Mithradátēs)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Persian *Miθradātah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mi.tʰri.dǎː.tɛːs/ → /mi.θriˈða.tis/ → /mi.θriˈða.tis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /mi.tʰri.dǎː.tɛːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /mi.tʰriˈda.te̝s/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /mi.θriˈða.tis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /mi.θriˈða.tis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /mi.θriˈða.tis/

### Proper noun

Μιθριδᾱ́της • (Mithridā́tēs) m (genitive Μιθριδᾱ́του); first declension
* a male given name, Mithridates, from Old Median, equivalent to English Mithridates

#### Derived terms

* Μιθριδᾱτῐκός (Mithridātĭkós)

#### Descendants

* Greek: Μιθριδάτης (Mithridátis)
** → Latin: Mithridātēs
*** → English: Mithridates
*** → French: Mithridate
*** → Italian: Mitridate
*** → Portuguese: Mitrídates
*** → Spanish: Mitrídates

### References

* ↑ Hinz, Walther (1975) “*miθridāta”, in Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎ (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 168

### Further reading

* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,017
# Νεοπτόλεμος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From νεο- (neo-, “new”) +‎ πτόλεμος (ptólemos, “war”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ne.op.tó.le.mos/ → /ne.opˈto.le.mos/ → /ne.opˈto.le.mos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ne.op.tó.le.mos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ne.opˈto.le.mos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ne.opˈto.le.mos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ne.opˈto.le.mos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ne.opˈto.le.mos/

### Proper noun

Νεοπτόλεμος • (Neoptólemos) m (genitive Νεοπτολέμου); second declension
* a male given name, Neoptolemus

#### Descendants

* Greek: Νεοπτόλεμος (Neoptólemos)
* → Latin: Neoptolemus

### Further reading

* “Νεοπτόλεμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “Νεοπτόλεμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “Νεοπτόλεμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* “Νεοπτόλεμος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,018
# Gunner
## English
### Alternative forms

* Gooner

### Etymology

From gunner, in reference to the weapons held in an arsenal.

### Noun

Gunner (plural Gunners)
* (soccer) someone connected with Arsenal Football Club, as a fan, player, coach etc.
** 2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1 - 1 Leeds”, in BBC‎:The Gunners dominated for long periods but, against the run of play, Denilson fouled Max Gradel and Robert Snodgrass put Leeds ahead from the spot.

### Proper noun

Gunner
* A surname.

### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Gunner is the 33856th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 672 individuals. Gunner is most common among White (65.03%) and Black/African Americans (32.44%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Gunner”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 102.

## Danish
### Proper noun

Gunner
* a male given name, variant of Gunnar
# an Amen a jo
## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

Literally "and amen and yes".

### Phrase

an Amen a jo
* very quickly
# sarmak
## Turkish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish صارمق (sarmak, “to wind, wrap around, embrace, surround, comprehend, take in”), from Proto-Turkic *saru- (“to wind around”).
* Karakhanid [script needed] (sarūmāk, “to wind, wrap”)
* Azerbaijani sarımaq (“to wind”)
* Chuvash сырма (syrma, “to circle, surround”)
* Khakas сарирға (sarirğa, “to wind, wrap”)
* Tatar сарырга (sarırga, “to wind, surround”)
* Turkmen saramak (“to spin, wrap”)

#### Verb

sarmak (third-person singular simple present sarar)
* (transitive, dative) to wind or wrap (one thing) around (another)
    Kolunu boynuna sardı. ― She wrapped her arms around his neck.
* (transitive) to bandage
    Yaranı sarmamı ister misin? ― Would you like me to bandage your wound?
* (transitive) to surround (a place, someone)
    Çevremizi kurtlar sarmıştı. ― The wolves had surrounded us.
* (transitive) to cover, spread over, envelop.
* (transitive) to wind up, coil up
* (slang) to interest, excite the curiosity of; to please
    Bu oyun beni sarmadı. ― This game hasn't interested me.

##### Derived terms

* sarabilmek
* saramamak
* sardırmak
* sarık
* sarım
* sarış
* sarma
* sarmamak

##### Related terms

* sarılmak
* sarınmak

##### See also

* kaplamak
* bürümek
* dolamak

### Etymology 2

Akin to Karakhanid [script needed] (sarmāk, “to ill-use, use harsh language”)

#### Verb

sarmak (third-person singular simple present sarar)
* (intransitive) to attack (someone) verbally, lay into somebody

##### Derived terms

* sarpa sarmak
* yokuşa sarmak

##### See also

* sataşmak

### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “saru:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 844-845
# Pinino
## Spanish
### Etymology

From pinino (“small man”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈnino/ [piˈni.no]
* Rhymes: -ino
* Syllabification: Pi‧ni‧no

### Proper noun

Pinino m
* (Argentina) a male given name. Nickname for a short man.

#### Related terms

* Pini
* Pinina
* pinina
* pinino
# きやうとふ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of きやうとふ – see the following entry. :
| 【京都府きょうとふ】 | [proper noun] Kyoto (a prefecture in the 近畿 (Kinki) region of Japan facing the Seto Inland Sea) |
(This term, きやうとふ (kyautofu), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# tortus
## Latin
### Etymology

Perfect passive participle of torqueō.

### Participle

tortus (feminine torta, neuter tortum); first/second-declension participle
* twisted, crooked
* spun, whirled
* bent, distorted
* tormented, tortured

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Derived terms

* torta (participle)
** Italian: torta
** Romanian: toartă
** Sicilian: torta
* tortum (noun)
** Romanian: tort
** Istriot: tuorto
** Italian: torto
** Old French: tort (see there for further descendants)
** Old Occitan: tort
** Friulian: tuart
** → Albanian: tortë
* *tortiāre (Vulgar verb)
** Italian: torciare, ⇒ attorciare

#### Related terms

* tortilis
* tortiō
* tortūra

#### Descendants

* Balkano-Romance:
** Romanian: tort
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: torto
** Sicilian: tortu
** Venetan: torto
* Gallo-Italic:
** Piedmontese: tòrt
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: tort
** Old Occitan:
*** Occitan: tòrt
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: tuerto
** Old Galician-Portuguese: torto
*** Galician: torto
*** Portuguese: torto
** Spanish: tuerto

### Noun

tortus m (genitive tortūs); fourth declension
* a twist, a winding
* wreath

#### Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* tortuōsus

### References

* “tortus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “tortus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "tortus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* tortus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# trilobes
## English
### Noun

trilobes
* plural of trilobe