OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# संभाळणे
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘭𑘰𑘽𑘥𑘰𑘩𑘜𑘹 (sāṃbhālaṇe), 𑘭𑘰𑘽𑘥𑘰𑘯𑘜𑘹 (sāṃbhāḷaṇe), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀇 (saṃbhārei), 𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀅 (saṃbhālia, past participle), from Sanskrit संभारयति (saṃbhārayati). Cognate with Gujarati સંભાળવું (sambhāḷvũ), Hindustani سَنْبَھالْنَا (sanbhālnā) / संभालना (sambhālnā), Punjabi ਸੰਭਾਲਣਾ (sambhālṇā) / سَنبھالݨا (sanbhālṇā).

### Pronunciation

* (formal) IPA: /səm.bʱaɭ̆.ɳe/
* (colloquial) IPA: /səm.bʱaɭ̆.ɳə/
* Rhymes: -e
* Hyphenation: सं‧भाळ‧णे, सम्‧भाळ‧णे

### Verb

संभाळणे • (sambhāḷṇe) (transitive)
* to take care of
* to keep carefully
* to observe, follow

#### Derived terms

* संभाळून घेणे (sambhāḷūn gheṇe, “to protect, refrain from censure”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “संभाळणे”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “संभाळणें”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “संभाळ”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sáṁbharati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press: “M. sãbhāḷṇẽ, sā̃bh° 'to take care of, feed'”
# ܘܠܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē), from Aramaic וָלֵא (wālē, active participle of a defective verb, literally “it is fitting”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [wɑːleː]

#### Adverb

ܘܵܠܹܐ • (wālē)
* it is fitting, is it right; must, have to, should indicates obligation [with ܕ- (d-) ‘that’]
    Synonyms: ܙܵܕ݂ܹܩ (zāḏēq), ܓܵܪܲܓ (gārag), ܠܵܙܹܡ (lāzēm)
    ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܟܡܵܐ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܕܗܵܘܹܝܬ ܬܲܡܵܐ؟šāˁaṯ kmā wālē lūḵ d-hāwēt tammā?At what time do you have to be there?
    ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܕܡܵܛܹܝܢ ܠܣܸܕ݂ܪܵܐ ܡܸܢ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡܲܠܦܵܢܵܐ.wālē lī d-māṭēn l-siḏrā min qām malpānā.I must arrive in class before the teacher.
    ܠܵܐ ܘܵܠܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܕܦܵܠܹܫ ܥܲܡܵܗ̇.lā wālē lēh d-pālēš ˁammāh.He shouldn’t fight with her.

##### Usage notes

* This word is often written as “ܘ̇ܠܐ” in unvocalized texts in order to distinguish itself from “ܘܠܵܐ (w-lā)”.
* While ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē) is an adverb, it is used in much the same way as a present-tense verb; followed by its suffixes agreeing with the subject in person, gender, and number. Its corresponding past tense is expressed by ܘܵܠܹܐ (wālē) + ܗ݇ܘܵܐ/ܗ݇ܘܵܬ݇/ܗ݇ܘܵܘ (wā).
* This adverb is considered to be of high modality; contrasted with ܫܘܼܕ (šūd) or ܝܵܐܹܐ (yāˀē, “should, ought to”) which is weaker and of medium to low modality.

##### Derived terms

* ܘܵܠܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (wālīṯā, “duty, obligation, honesty, that which is fitting”)
* ܘܵܠܝܵܝܵܐ (wālyāyā, “obligatory, adequate”)
* ܘܵܠܝܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (wālyāˀīṯ, “fittingly, decently”)

### Etymology 2

From ܘ- (w-, “and”) +‎ ܠܵܐ (lā, “not”); compare Hebrew וָלֹא (való) and Arabic وَلَا (walā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [wəlɑː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [uːlɑː]

#### Conjunction

ܘܠܵܐ • (w-lā)
* nor, or else
    ܓܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܦܵܠܫܝܼ ܩܵܐ ܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܝܼܩܵܪܵܐ ܘܠܵܐ ܬܟ݂ܝܼܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ.gaḇrē d-kē pālšī qā dahḇā layt lhōn īqārā w-lā tḵīlūṯā.Men who fight for gold have neither honor nor loyalty.
    ܠܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܹܢ ܘܠܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܫܵܬ݂ܹܝܢ ܗܲܠ ܕܕܵܥܹܪ ܐܸܠܝܼlā bit āḵlēn w-lā bit šāṯēn hal d-dāˁēr ilīI will not eat nor drink until he returns to me.

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

ܘܠܐ • (wēlā) f (plural ܘܠܣ or ܘܠܐ)
* Alternative spelling of ܘܝܠܐ

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ܘܠܐ • (wālē) m active participle
* it is fitting, it is right

### Etymology 3

From ܘ (w, “and”) and ܠܵܐ (lā, “not”).

#### Conjunction

ܘܠܐ • (w(ə)-lā)
* nor
# çahar
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

* PIE word
* *kʷetwóres
From Persian چهار.

### Numeral

çahar
* (backgammon) four
# تزيين
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of زَيَّنَ (zayyana).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taz.jiːn/
* Rhymes: -iːn

### Noun

تَزْيِين • (tazyīn) m
* verbal noun of زَيَّنَ (zayyana) (form II)
** decoration, adorning, embellishing, beautifying, ornamentation

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: təzyin
* → Persian: تزیین (tazyin)
* → Ottoman Turkish: تزیین (tezyîn)
** > Turkish: tezyin (inherited)
# çarpaz
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

* PIE word
* *kʷetwóres
Possibly from Persian چپ راست (čaprâst).

### Adjective

çarpaz (not comparable)
* cross-, crossed
    Synonyms: xaçvari, çataq

### Adverb

çarpaz
* crosswise, criss-cross

### Noun

çarpaz (definite accusative çarpazı, plural çarpazlar)
* fastener, clasp, buckle, zipper
* crosspiece
* (rail transport) frog
* trip, back heel

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “çarpaz” in Obastan.com.
# raivaríamos
## Portuguese
### Verb

raivaríamos
* first-person plural conditional of raivar
# tasvip etmek
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish تصویب ایتمك (tasvîb etmek).

### Verb

tasvip etmek (third-person singular simple present tasvip eder)
* to approve, to affirm
    Synonyms: onamak, uygun bulmak

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

### Further reading

* “tasvip etmek”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# tostada
## English
### Alternative forms

* tostado

### Etymology

From Spanish tostada.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

tostada (plural tostadas)
* (often in the plural) A flat tortilla that has been fried or toasted, or a dish based on this, usually associated with the cuisine of Latin America.
** 2008 February 3, Tatiana Boncompagni, “Tostadas to a Salsa Beat”, in New York Times‎:A platter of chicken and octopus tostadas and two ceviches arrived at the table […] .
* (southern California) A bowl-shaped tortilla that has been fried and filled with various ingredients.
    Synonym: taco salad
* A Latin American toast (toasted bread).
** 1995 April, Damien Simonis, Geoff Crowther, “The Rif Mountains”, in Morocco (A Lonely Planet Travel Survival Kit), 3rd edition, Hawthorn, Vic.: Lonely Planet Publications, →ISBN, “The Mediterranean Coast & the Rif” section, page 176, column 1:The Marina and Vicentino restaurants are good places for a coffee and tostada (toasted sandwich) for breakfast.
** 2013 April 2, Ingrid Hoffmann, “Sardine Antipasto Tostadas”, in Latin D’lite: Delicious Latin Recipes with a Healthy Twist, New York, N.Y.: Celebra, Penguin Group, →ISBN, page 44:Tostada means any bread—tortillas or sliced loaves—that has been toasted. Any leftover bread or tostadas can be used in Torrijas (page 29) or ground into bread crumbs.
** 2018, Malcolm Coxall, “The Role of Baking in Spanish Society”, in Traditional Baking Recipes of Spain (Traditional Recipes of Spain; 4), Cornelio Books, →ISBN, section 1 (Introduction):A normal urban breakfast typically consists of a cup of coffee - and there are many combinations - which will often be accompanied by a tostada. A tostada is a slice of fresh bread, toasted and covered with jam, or tomato, olive oil and garlic purée, or ham and cheese.

### References

* ↑ “tostada | tostado, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Further reading

* tostada (tortilla) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* tostada (toast) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Portuguese
### Participle

tostada f sg
* feminine singular of tostado

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tosˈtada/ [t̪osˈt̪a.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: tos‧ta‧da

### Noun

tostada f (plural tostadas)
* toast (toasted bread)

#### Derived terms

* olerse la tostada

#### Related terms

* pan tostado

### Adjective

tostada
* feminine singular of tostado

### Participle

tostada f sg
* feminine singular of tostado

### Further reading

* “tostado”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# cyclonal
## English
### Adjective

cyclonal (comparative more cyclonal, superlative most cyclonal)
* Synonym of cyclonic

## French
### Etymology

From cyclone +‎ -al.

### Adjective

cyclonal (feminine cyclonale, masculine plural cyclonaux, feminine plural cyclonales)
* cyclonic

#### Derived terms

* anticyclonal
# this is the life
## English
### Phrase

this is the life
* (informal) An expression of bliss, an expression of happiness with one's current situation.
** 2008, Gary Wood, Don't Wait for Your Ship to Come In... Swim Out to Meet It:Ah, this is the life. All dressed up on an ocean liner with your favourite cocktail in hand, enjoying a nice relaxing evening.

#### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with that's life.

#### See also

* this is it

### Further reading

* “this is the life”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
* “this is the life” in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman.
* “this is the life” (US) / “this is the life” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
# 強棒麪
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 強棒麪 – see 強棒麵 (“champon, a Chinese-Japanese noodle soup”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 強棒麵).
# 明经
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 明经 – see 明經 (“understanding of classics; “classicist”, a subject in the imperial examination which focused on Confucian classics”). (This term is the simplified form of 明經).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# स्नुषा
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* স্নুষা (Assamese script)
* ᬲ᭄ᬦᬸᬱᬵ (Balinese script)
* স্নুষা (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰿𑰡𑰲𑰬𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑁆𑀦𑀼𑀱𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* သ္နုၑာ (Burmese script)
* સ્નુષા (Gujarati script)
* ਸ੍ਨੁਸ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍍𑌨𑍁𑌷𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦱ꧀ꦤꦸꦰꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂹𑂢𑂳𑂭𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಸ್ನುಷಾ (Kannada script)
* ស្នុឞា (Khmer script)
* ສ຺ນຸຩາ (Lao script)
* സ്നുഷാ (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᠨᡠᢢᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘿𑘡𑘳𑘬𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᠰᠨᠤᢔᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧠𑧁𑧔𑧌𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑑂𑐣𑐸𑐲𑐵 (Newa script)
* ସ୍ନୁଷା (Odia script)
* ꢱ꣄ꢥꢸꢰꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑇀𑆤𑆶𑆰𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖿𑖡𑖲𑖬𑖯 (Siddham script)
* ස‍්නුෂා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁 𑪙𑩯𑩒𑪀𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚶𑚝𑚰𑚭 (Takri script)
* ஸ்நுஷா (Tamil script)
* స్నుషా (Telugu script)
* สฺนุษา (Thai script)
* སྣུ་ཥཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑓂𑒢𑒳𑒭𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑩇𑨝𑨃𑨯𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *snušás (“daughter-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *snusós (“daughter-in-law”). Cognate with Persian سنه (sonoh), سنهار (sonhâr), Latin nurus, Ancient Greek νυός (nuós), Old English snoru.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /snu.ʂɑ́ː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /s̪n̪u.ʂɑː/

### Noun

स्नुषा • (snuṣā́) stem, f
* daughter-in-law
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
** c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.6.24:ये सूर्यात्परिसर्पन्ति स्नुषेव श्वशुरादधि ।ye sūryātparisarpanti snuṣeva śvaśurādadhi.She slinkers from the Sun, as slinks a daughter-in-law from her father-in-law

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: نۄش (nọś)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (suṇhā)
** Old Marathi: सुन (sun)
*** Marathi: सून (sūn)
** Konkani: सून (sūn)
* Pali: suṇisā
* Sauraseni Prakrit:
** Punjabi: ਨੂੰਹ (nū̃h)
* → Kannada: ಸೊಸೆ (sose)
# ctc
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From English ctc, initialism of "care to chat" .

### Phrase

ctc
* (text messaging, messaging) do you want to talk?
* (text messaging, messaging) let's talk
# התיז
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From the root נָתַז (natáz, “to sprinkle”), of whose qal form there is no attested use in Hebrew. The notion of "sprinkling" is semantically extended to causing something to fly or fall off in general.

### Pronunciation

* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /hitˈtiz/, [hitˈtʰiːz]
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /(h)iˈtiz/

### Verb

הִתִּיז • (hitíz) (hif'il construction, passive counterpart הֻתַּז)
* (Mishnaic Hebrew, transitive) to cause to fly off, to chop off
* (Mishnaic Hebrew, transitive) to decapitate
** a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Sanhedrin 7:3:מִצְוַת הַנֶּהֱרָגִים, הָיוּ מַתִּיזִין אֶת רֹאשׁוֹ בְסַיִף כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהַמַּלְכוּת עוֹשָׂה.The mitzva of those who are killed: [The executioners] cut off his head with a sword, the way that the monarchy does.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Rare in Modern Hebrew.

### References

* Klein, Ernest (1987) “נָתַז”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 430b
* Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 943a
# believer
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English bilevar, bileever, belever, equivalent to believe +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /bɪˈlivɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɪˈliːvə/
* Rhymes: -iːvə(ɹ)
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

believer (plural believers)
* A person who believes; especially regarding religion.
    She's a believer in life after death.
** 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:But the other two were, comparatively speaking, clean shaved, which of course gave the enemy a larger extent of open country to operate on, though in Mahomed's case the mosquitoes, recognising the taste of a true believer, would not touch him at any price.

#### Antonyms

* infidel
* non-believer, nonbeliever
* unbeliever

#### Hyponyms

* See also Thesaurus:believer

#### Derived terms

* Belieber
* believerdom
* believerhood
* co-believer
* crypto-believer
* disbeliever
* prebeliever
* priesthood of all believers
* true believer
* true-believer syndrome
* true believer syndrome
* wanbeliever
# sepu
## Iban
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [səpu]
* Hyphenation: se‧pu

### Verb

sepu
* to blow

## Volscian
### Etymology

Unknown. Cognate with Oscan sipus and Latin sapiō, itself from Proto-Italic *sapiō. *sapiō may have had a perfect root *sep-, that evolved into the participle *sēp-wōs or *sēp-ues-, then *seph, culminating in the perfect active participle sepu. The linguist Rex Wallace considers this unlikely as terms in other Italic languages from the root *-ues- or *-uos-, such as 𐌅𐌀𐌊𐌖𐌔 (vakus), are passive. Etymological discrepancies may be explainable through scribal error; it is possible the intended form was *sepus mistakenly written as sepu. Wallace contradicts this analysis, suggesting that an -u ending never would have emerged due to syncopation. Alternatively, may also have merely derived from a Proto-Italic term with a *-u ending; although the linguist Rex Wallace suggests that, if this were true, it would have evolved into *sepus or—through syncopation—into *seps. Another possibility is that it derived from a form such as *sēpūd, although Wallace suggests that is also unlikely due to syncopation and the expected Volscian form would have been *sēpīd. According to Wallace, it is more likely that the term was a verbal adjective based on the root *-ṷo-. The linguist Alex Nussbaum also theorized that it was adjective, reconstructing a derivation from the form *sēp-uwo-. Wallace, however, proposes a derivation from the hypothesized root *sēpṷōd via vowel syncopation, akin akin to the derivation of estu from *estōd.

### Participle

sepu m (ablative singular)
* The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: knowing

### Adjective

sepu (ablative singular)
* The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: knowing

### References

* 1985 December 31, Rex Wallace, “Volscian sepu/Oscan sipus”, in Indogermanische Forschungen (1985)‎, volume 90, number 1985, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 123–128:
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# rhedyn y dderwen
## Welsh
### Noun

rhedyn y dderwen f (collective, singulative rhedynen y dderwen)
* Literary form of rhedyn y derw (“common polypody”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “rhedyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# up someone's alley
## English
### Prepositional phrase

up someone's alley
* (informal) Matching or corresponding to a person's interests or abilities well.
    Synonyms: down someone's alley, right up someone's alley, up someone's street
    This article would be right up his alley. Why don't you show it to him?

#### Translations
### See also

* in one's element
* out of one's depth
# 햄버거스테이크
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [hɛmbʌ̹ɡʌ̹sʰɯtʰe̞ikxɯ] ~ [he̞mbʌ̹ɡʌ̹sʰɯtʰe̞ikxɯ]
* Phonetic hangul: [햄버거스테이크/헴버거스테이크]

### Noun

햄버거스테이크 • (haembeogeoseuteikeu)
* Nonstandard form of 햄버그스테이크 (haembeogeuseuteikeu, “Hamburg steak”).
# ngendus
## Betawi
### Etymology

From N- +‎ endus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋəndus/
** Audio (Bekasi):(file)
** Audio (Cakung):(file)
* Rhymes: -us
* Hyphenation: ngen‧dus

### Verb

ngendus
* (active voice, transitive, intransitive) to smell; to sniff
# jus soli
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin ius (“law”) + soli (“of soil”).

### Noun

jus soli
* The right of nationality or citizenship acquired by being born in that place.

### See also

* jus sanguinis

## English
### Etymology

From Latin ius (“law”) + soli (“of soil”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʒʌs ˈsoʊlaɪ/, /juːs ˈsoʊli/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

jus soli
* The right of nationality or citizenship acquired by being born in that place.
    Synonym: birthright citizenship
    Coordinate term: jus sanguinis
** 2025 February 10, Jon Schoenheider, “Federal judge in New Hampshire blocks Trump’s order ending birthright citizenship for kids of people in US illegally”, in WMUR-TV‎:The U.S. is among about 30 countries where birthright citizenship — the principle of jus soli, or “right of the soil” — is applied. Most are in the Americas and Canada and Mexico are among them.
# aoba
## Japanese
### Romanization

aoba
* Rōmaji transcription of あおば

## Old Tupi
### Etymology

Unknown.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní and Paraguayan Guaraní ao.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aˈɔ.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -ɔβa
* Hyphenation: a‧o‧ba

### Noun

aoba (possessable)
* clothes; clothing
* dress
* cloth (a piece of fabric)
* sail (piece of fabric attached to a sailboat)

#### Derived terms

* akangaoba
* ambeaoba
* aobasyka
* aobaíba
* aobeté
* aobusu
* aobybĩ
* aoku'asandoka
* aomokangaba
* aomonhangara
* aomoundara
* aopesembûera
* aopiranga
* aopotuká
* aopuku
* aopyasapaba
* aosyryryka
* aoîybá
* itaaoba
* itaemboaoba
* kabaoîuba
* poaoba
* pyaoba
* tambeaoba

#### Related terms

* aob

### References

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “aoba”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 42, column 2
# what languages do you speak
## English

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.For other English entries on this topic, see Communication.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Phrase

what languages do you speak?
* What are the languages which you can understand and which you can speak or write in?

#### Translations
### See also

* how many languages do you speak?
# shippitsu
## Japanese
### Romanization

shippitsu
* Rōmaji transcription of しっぴつ
# Gernsbachers
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡɛʁnsbaxɐs]
* Hyphenation: Gerns‧ba‧chers

### Proper noun

Gernsbachers
* genitive singular of Gernsbacher
# ᮝᮨᮜᮞ᮪
## Sundanese
### Numeral

ᮝᮨᮜᮞ᮪ • (welas)
* Sundanese spelling of welas‎

### Noun

ᮝᮨᮜᮞ᮪ • (welas)
* Sundanese spelling of welas‎
# ᮒᮤᮜᮥ
## Sundanese
### Numeral

ᮒᮤᮜᮥ • (tilu)
* Sundanese spelling of tilu‎
# áng chừng
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

áng +‎ chừng.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˧˦ t͡ɕɨŋ˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˦˧˥ t͡ɕɨŋ˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔaːŋ˦˥ cɨŋ˨˩]

### Verb

áng chừng
* to estimate
# العراق
## Arabic
### Etymology

Medieval Arabic geographic understanding of this toponym included the areas in the south and center of modern Iraq. This may be understood as the definite form of عِرَاق (ʕirāq, “shore, coast, any region or area (of a whole country or a mere rivulet in a garden) adjacent to water as opposed to another one”), contradistinguished from الْجَزِيرَة (al-jazīra, “the Arabian Peninsula”), respectively, in Classical Syriac ܓܙܺܝܪܬܴ݁ܐ (gəzīrtā, “Mesopotamia”), but it is tempting to connect it with Middle Persian [script needed] (ˀyrg /⁠ērag⁠/) or [script needed] (ˀl'k' /⁠erāg⁠/, “lowlands”), like 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyrʾn /⁠ērān⁠/, “Iran”), with diminutive suffix from 𐭠𐭩𐭫 (ʾyl /⁠ēr⁠/, “Iranian”), referring to historic rule from Iraq’s plateau-situated neighbor, Persia. The former Pahlavi form is more closely reflected in a Jewish Babylonian Aramaic incantation bowl; together with the neighboring region, this marks it as אירג (ʔyrg /⁠*ērag⁠/), being the oldest extant witness of the country name. The Aramaic language continuum may have had a pharyngealized byform of the other vocalization, as also seen in عِرْنَاس (ʕirnās, “distaff”) and عَمْرُوسَة (ʕamrūsa, “small lamb”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /al.ʕi.raːq/
* Rhymes: -aːq

### Proper noun

الْعِرَاق • (al-ʕirāq) m or f
* Iraq (a country in Asia)

#### Usage notes

* The definite article ال (al-) is indispensable.
* Unlike the majority of country names, الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq) is usually a masculine noun.

#### Related terms

* عِرَاقِيّ (ʕirāqiyy)
* عِرَاقِيَّة (ʕirāqiyya)

### References

* ↑ Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009) “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 163
* ↑ See the Aramaic entry for the locus and the literature on it.

## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɪʕraːɡ/, /ɪlɪʕraːɡ/

### Proper noun

العراق • (li-ʕrāg) f
* Iraq (a country in Asia)

#### Related terms

* عراقي (ʕrāgi, “Iraqi”)

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /al.ʕi.raːɡ/, [alʕɪraːɡ]

### Proper noun

العِراق • (alʕirāg) f
* Iraq (a country in Asia)

#### Usage notes

* This is one of the country names which requires the definite article ال.

#### Related terms

* عراقي (ʕirāgi, “Iraqi”) (masculine)
* عراقيَّة (ʕirāgiyya, “Iraqi”) (feminine)

## South Levantine Arabic

Picture dictionary :
العراق
سوريا
لبنان
فلسطين
إسرائيل
الأردن
مصر
السعودية
العراق
تركيا
قبرص
البحر المتوسط
البحر الأحمر
النيل
الفرات :

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /il.ʕi.raːq/, [ɪl.ʕɪˈrˤɑːq]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Proper noun

العراق • (il-ʕirāq) m
* Iraq (a country in Asia)

#### Related terms

* عراقي (ʕirāqi, “Iraqi”)
# entrenudo
## Spanish
### Etymology

From entre +‎ nudo.

### Noun

entrenudo m (plural entrenudos)
* (botany) internode
    Synonym: internodio

### Further reading

* “entrenudo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# raivaríeis
## Portuguese
### Verb

raivaríeis
* second-person plural conditional of raivar
# dekore etmek
## Turkish
### Verb

dekore etmek (third-person singular simple present dekore eder)
* to decorate

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:
# bytje
## Dutch
### Noun

bytje n (plural bytjes)
* diminutive of by

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

bytje n (Cyrillic spelling бyтје)
* Obsolete spelling of biće.