# 拭

| 拭 | U+62ED, &#25325; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62ED |
| ← 括 [U+62EC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 拮 → [U+62EE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

拭 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手戈心一 (QIPM), four-corner 5304$_0$, composition ⿰扌式)

#### Derived characters

* 𢁊

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 427, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11989
* Dae Jaweon: page 776, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1865, character 3
* Unihan data for U+62ED

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 戴 | *ʔl'ɯːɡs |
| 襶 | *tɯːɡs |
| 貸 | *l̥ʰɯːɡs |
| 代 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 袋 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 岱 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 黛 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 玳 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 帒 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 甙 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 酨 | *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs |
| 試 | *hljɯɡs |
| 弒 | *hljɯɡs |
| 忒 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ |
| 貣 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ |
| 鴏 | *l'ɯːɡ |
| 栻 | *l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ |
| 侙 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 恜 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 式 | *hljɯɡ |
| 軾 | *hljɯɡ |
| 拭 | *hljɯɡ |
| 鉽 | *hljɯɡ |
| 烒 | *hljɯɡ |
| 弋 | *lɯɡ |
| 芅 | *lɯɡ |
| 黓 | *lɯɡ |
| 隿 | *lɯɡ |
| 杙 | *lɯɡ |
| 釴 | *lɯɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sik$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhu̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): chék
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siak / sek / chhit
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg$^4$ / cig$^4$ / cêg$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^1$
*** Yale: sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhu̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: cud
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
*** Tâi-lô: siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
*** Tâi-lô: sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Penang, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhit
*** Tâi-lô: tshit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chid
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡sʰit̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sʰit̚⁵/
*** IPA (Penang): /t͡sʰit̚³/
* siak/sek - literary;
* chhit - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: syik
Rime :
| Character | 拭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 賞職切 |
| Baxter | syik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 拭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syik › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ək/ |
| English | to wipe |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 拭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14982 |
| Phonetic component | 弋 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 識 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljɯɡ/ |

### Definitions

拭
* to wipe
* (Hokkien) utensil for rubbing, wiping, or scrubbing (e.g., eraser, shoe polish)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 擦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 擦, 抹 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 擦, 抹 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 擦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 擦, 抹 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 擦, 搌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 揩, 抹, 擦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 之, 揩, 抹, 搌 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 擦, 揩, 抹 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 擦, 揩, 抹 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 擦, 抹, 捽 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 擦, 抹, 捽 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 抹, 拭, 擦 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang (Yangdong) | 拭 |
| Cantonese | Yangdong (Yashao) | 抹, 拭, 擦 |
| Cantonese | Yangchun | 抹, 擦 |
| Cantonese | Yangxi | 抹, 拭, 擦 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 擦 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 擦 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 揩, 抹, 擦 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 捽 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 捽 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 捽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 揩, 擦 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 拭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 拭, 挸 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 拭, 揉 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 拭, 揉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 拭, 揉 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 拭, 揉 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 拭, 揉 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 拭 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 拭 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 拭, 㧫, 抙 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 拭, 㧫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 㧫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 㧫 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 拭, 㧫, 抙 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 拭, 㧫 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 揩 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 揩 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 擦, 𢄺 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 湊, 抹, 揩 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 揩, 抹 |
* (utensil): 擦 (cā)

### Compounds

* 傾耳拭目 / 倾耳拭目
* 抆拭
* 抹拭
* 拂拭 (fúshì)
* 拭仔
* 拭去 (shìqù)
* 拭喙
* 拭尻川
* 拭淚 / 拭泪
* 拭目
* 拭目以俟
* 拭目以待 (shìmùyǐdài)
* 拭目以觀 / 拭目以观
* 拭目傾耳 / 拭目倾耳
* 拭目而待
* 拭目而觀 / 拭目而观
* 擦拭 (cāshì)
* 會曉偷食，𣍐曉拭喙 / 会晓偷食，𫧃晓拭喙
* 洗拭
* 膏脣拭舌 / 膏唇拭舌
* 舔拭

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to wipe

#### Readings

* Go-on: しき (shiki)
* Kan-on: しょく (shoku, Jōyō)
* Kun: ぬぐう (nuguu, 拭う, Jōyō)、ふく (fuku, 拭く, Jōyō)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 拭 (MC syik). Recorded as Middle Korean 식〮 (sík) (Yale: sik) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 拭 (eumhun 씻을 식 (ssiseul sik))
* hanja form of 식 (“to wipe”)

#### Compounds

* 불식 (拂拭, bulsik)
* 소식 (掃拭, sosik)
* 식건 (拭巾, sikgeon)
* 식정 (拭淨, sikjeong)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

拭: Hán Nôm readings: rị
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.