# Oslo
## English
### Etymology

From Norwegian Oslo, from Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. Another theory is that it comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely. The second element is ló f or n (“meadow”), from Proto-Germanic *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (compare the suffix -ley in English place-names).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɒzləʊ/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɑzloʊ/, /ˈɑsloʊ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Proper noun

Oslo
* A county and municipality, the capital city of Norway. Formerly called Christiania and Kristiania.
* A tiny city in Marshall County, in northwest Minnesota, United States.
* An unincorporated community in Vernon Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States.
* An unincorporated community in Indian River County, Florida, United States.

#### Derived terms

* Oslo syndrome
* Osloite

#### Translations
### See also

* Oslo paper

### Anagrams

* Loos, OOLs, loos, sloo, solo, sool

## Afrikaans
### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Derived terms

* Osloër
* Osloos

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈɔz.lo]
* IPA: (Central) [ˈɔz.lu]

### Proper noun

Oslo m
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoslo]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Oslo n (relational adjective osloský or oselský) or less commonly Oslo n (indeclinable, relational adjective osloský or oselský, demonym Oslan)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Oslo”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “Oslo”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “Oslo”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Ansloo, Anslo, Ansloe

### Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔs.loː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Os‧lo

### Proper noun

Oslo n
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

### See also

* Christiania

### Anagrams

* loos

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoslo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -o
* Hyphenation: O‧slo

### Proper noun

Oslo (accusative Oslon)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Holonyms

* Norvegio

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoslo/

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Faroese
### Proper noun

Oslo ?
* (official) alternative form of Ósló

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Norwegian Oslo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoslo/, [ˈo̞s̠lo̞]
* Rhymes: -oslo
* Hyphenation: Os‧lo

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Oslo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Osloni
accusative
nom.
Osloni
gen.
Osloni
genitive
Osloni
partitive
Osloani
inessive
Oslossani
elative
Oslostani
illative
Oslooni
adessive
Oslollani
ablative
Osloltani
allative
Oslolleni
essive
Oslonani
translative
Oslokseni
abessive
Oslottani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Oslosi
accusative
nom.
Oslosi
gen.
Oslosi
genitive
Oslosi
partitive
Osloasi
inessive
Oslossasi
elative
Oslostasi
illative
Osloosi
adessive
Oslollasi
ablative
Osloltasi
allative
Oslollesi
essive
Oslonasi
translative
Osloksesi
abessive
Oslottasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Oslomme
accusative
nom.
Oslomme
gen.
Oslomme
genitive
Oslomme
partitive
Osloamme
inessive
Oslossamme
elative
Oslostamme
illative
Osloomme
adessive
Oslollamme
ablative
Osloltamme
allative
Oslollemme
essive
Oslonamme
translative
Osloksemme
abessive
Oslottamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Oslonne
accusative
nom.
Oslonne
gen.
Oslonne
genitive
Oslonne
partitive
Osloanne
inessive
Oslossanne
elative
Oslostanne
illative
Osloonne
adessive
Oslollanne
ablative
Osloltanne
allative
Oslollenne
essive
Oslonanne
translative
Osloksenne
abessive
Oslottanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Oslonsa
accusative
nom.
Oslonsa
gen.
Oslonsa
genitive
Oslonsa
partitive
Osloaan Osloansa
inessive
Oslossaan Oslossansa
elative
Oslostaan Oslostansa
illative
Osloonsa
adessive
Oslollaan Oslollansa
ablative
Osloltaan Osloltansa
allative
Oslolleen Oslollensa
essive
Oslonaan Oslonansa
translative
Oslokseen Osloksensa
abessive
Oslottaan Oslottansa
instructive
comitative

#### Derived terms

* oslolainen (“Osloite”)

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.slo/

### Proper noun

Oslo f
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔsloː/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Oslo n (proper noun, genitive Oslos or (optionally with an article) Oslo)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈosloː]
* Hyphenation: Os‧lo
* Homophone: oszló
* Rhymes: -loː

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Derived terms

* oslói

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.zlo/
* Rhymes: -ɔzlo
* Hyphenation: Ò‧slo

### Proper noun

Oslo f
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

### Anagrams

* solo

## Latvian
### Proper noun

Oslo ? ({{{2}}} declension)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló, first part from áss (“a god in Norse mythology”) + last part from ló (“meadow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʊslʊ/, /ˈʊʃlʊ/, [ˈʊ̂ʂlʊ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ʊslʊ, -ʊʃlʊ
* Hyphenation: Os‧lo

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
* Oslo (a city in Marshall County, in northwest Minnesota, United States)
* Oslo (an unincorporated community in Vernon Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States)
* Oslo (an unincorporated community in Indian River County, Florida, United States)

#### Derived terms

* oslodame
* oslodialekt
* osloenser
* Oslofeltet
* Oslofjorden
* oslofolk
* oslofrokost
* oslogutt
* oslokvinne
* oslolos
* oslomann
* Oslomarka
* oslomenneske
* oslomål
* oslopike
* Osloregionen
* Osloriften
* oslosildre
* oslosk
* Osloskolen
* oslotrygden
* Oslotunnelen

#### Related terms

* Christiania, Kristiania (“Former names of the capital of Norway”)

### References

* “Oslo” in Store norske leksikon

### Anagrams

* solo

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* Åslo (obsolete)
* Ósló (nonstandard spelling, dialectal)

### Etymology

From Old Norse Ósló, Ásló f or n. The first element is disputed, but is likely from ǫ́ss, áss (“god; one of the Æsir”), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz. The name Ósló then comes from older *Ǫ́sló where the ǫ́ is nasalised (whence the -n- in Dutch Ansloo and Latin Ansloa), from Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᛊᚢᛚᚨᚢᚺᚢ (*ansulauhu), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god, deity”) + *lauhō f, *lauhaz m (“clearing, meadow”). According to Sandnes and Stemshaug, the name has likely been around since before the first century.
Another theory is that the first part comes from áss (“hill, beam”), from Proto-Germanic *ansaz, but this is unlikely, as there would be no explanation for ó- found in Ósló. The geologist Tom V. Segalstad has claimed that it comes from Old Norse ufs (“steep mountainside”), based on the Danicised spelling Opsloe. However, this form was never used in Norwegian, and various borrowings have -n- to signify a nasal vowel, which ufs would not have.
Cognates include Faroese and Icelandic Ósló, Dutch Ansloo and (also Low German) Anslo, and Latin Ansloa, Asloa, Osloa (Latinisations).
Between 1624 and 1925, Oslo referred to the old town of Oslo, a mediaeval town that burnt down in 1624. When the city was rebuilt, king Christian IV of Denmark named the new city Christiania (later spelling: Kristiania) after himself. During the 1800s, various authors would begin taking the old name back and the city officially changed its name to Oslo in 1925. The location of the old town got the name Gamlebyen (literally “Old Town”), now a neighbourhood in the modern city.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²uslu/, [ˈǔ̞s.lû̞], (Rogaland) [ˈû̞s.lû̞], (parts of Trøndelag) [ˈú̞s.lǔ̞]
* (East Norway) IPA: /²uʂlu/, [ˈú̞ʂ.ɭǔ̞], [ˈú̞ʃ.l̠ǔ̞] (phonemic respelling: Orslo)
** Audio:(file)
* (Setesdal dialect) IPA: [ˈou̯ːs.lou̯ː]
* Rhymes: -slu, -ʃlu
* Hyphenation: Ós‧ló, Ó‧sló

### Proper noun

Oslo f
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)
** 1912, Ivar Aasen, “Um Namnet Oslo”, in Skrifter i samling, page 204:Han berre klagar paa det, at Namnet sidan vardt burtskutlat, med di at Kong Kristian IV i Aaret 1624 «hadde det uheppne Innfallet at umbyta det eldgamle ærverdige Namnet Oslo med det nye, sjølvuppfundne og halvbarbariske Namn Christiania». […] Og detta er vel ogso den rettaste Synsmaaten.His [P. A. Munch’s] only complaint was that the name was later thrown away, as king Christian IV in the year 1624 “had the unfortunate idea of switching out the old honourable name Oslo with the new, self-invented and half-barbaric name Christiania”. […] And this is probably also the most correct way to look at it.
** 2000, “Hytta I Oslo [Cabin In oslo]”:Folk kjøper seg hytta på Geilo og Gol. Dei vil stå litt på slalåm og slikka litt sol. Eg kjenne det krible, eg har eit begjær: Eg vil ha hytta i Oslo; det er der eg vil vær.People buy cabins in Geilo and Gol. They want to stand on slalom and lick some sun. I feel it tingle, I have a lust: I want a cabin in Oslo; there is where I want to be.
* (historical) a mediaeval town to the east of Bjørvika, now inside the modern city of Oslo, Norway
    Synonym: (modern name) Gamlebyen
** 1900, Snorri Sturluson, translated by Steinar Schjøtt, Kongesogur [Kings’ sagas]:Kong Harald lét byggja ein kaupstad aust i Oslo, og sat der tidt; for de var godt for tilførst der, og de var rike bygdir umkring.King Harald had built a merchant town in the East at Oslo, where he often resided; for there was good supply from the extensive cultivated district wide around.
* ellipsis of Oslo bispedøme (“Diocese of Oslo”).
    bisp i Oslo ― bishop in (the Diocese of) Oslo

#### Derived terms

* (demonyms): osloborgar, oslobu, osloensar, osloværing
* oslobisp, oslobiskop (“bishop in the Diocese of Oslo”)
* Oslobyen
* Oslobygda
* Oslofeltet
* Oslofjorden (“the Oslo Fjord”)
* oslofolk (“people from Oslo”)
* Oslogryta
* oslogut (“boy from Oslo”)
* Osloherad
* oslojente (“girl from Oslo”)
* oslokvinne (“woman from Oslo”)
* oslomann (“man from Oslo”)
* Oslomarka
* oslomål, oslodialekt (“Oslo dialect”)
* Oslonamnet (“the name of the city Oslo”)
* oslosildre (“Saxifraga osloensis”)
* oslosk (“of or pertaining to Oslo”)
* Osloskulen
* Oslotunnelen (“the Oslo Tunnel”)

#### Related terms

* Christiania, Kristiania (former names of Norway’s capital city)
* lo (“a meadow, often by the water”)
* ås (“a god, one of the Æsir”)

### References

* ↑ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
* ↑ Torp, Alf (1919) Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard)
* ↑ Jørn Sandnes, Ola Stemshaug (1997) Norsk stadnamnleksikon, Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget, →ISBN
* ↑ Tom V. Segalstad (2018 February 17) “Oslo het lenge Opsloe. Men hva betyr det?”, in Aftenposten‎
* ↑ Hanne Østli Jakobsen (2013 January 21) “Oslo, som i Orslo”, in forskning.no‎

### Further reading

* “Oslo” in Store norske leksikon

### Anagrams

* solo

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.slɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔslɔ
* Syllabification: O‧slo

### Proper noun

Oslo n (indeclinable, related adjective oslowski)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital and largest city of Norway)

#### Derived terms

* oslowianin
* oslowianka

### Further reading

* Oslo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Oslo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Oslo in PWN's encyclopedia

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɔz.lu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɔz.lu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈɔʒ.lu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɔz.lo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɔʒ.lu/
* Hyphenation: Os‧lo

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ôslo/

### Proper noun

Ȍslo n (Cyrillic spelling О̏сло)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Declension
## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian Oslo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɔslɔ]

### Proper noun

Oslo n (genitive singular Osla, declension pattern of mesto)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Usage notes

* It is sometimes also undeclined.

#### Derived terms

* Osločan m
* Osločanka f
* osloský

### References

* “Oslo”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoslo/ [ˈos.lo]
* Rhymes: -oslo
* Syllabification: Os‧lo

### Proper noun

Oslo f
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Related terms

* oslense

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²ʊslʊ/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Oslo n (genitive Oslos)
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /osɫo/

### Proper noun

Oslo
* Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital city of Norway)

#### Derived terms

* Oslolu (“a person from Oslo”)