# kafir
## English

* It has been requested that this entry be merged with kaffir.

### Alternative forms

* kâfir, kāfir

### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”). Doublet of kaffir.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkæfə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈkæfɚ/
* Rhymes: -æfə(ɹ)

### Noun

kafir (countable and uncountable, plural kuffar or kafirs)
* (Islam, countable, offensive, religious slur, politics) A disbeliever, a denier: someone who rejects or disbelieves in Allah or the tenets of Islam; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
    Antonym: Muslim
** 2024 August 21, “Investigation Into Bangladeshi Preacher Amir Hamza’s Sermon in Singapore on 9 August 2024”, in Ministry of Home Affairs (Singapore)‎:In his sermon, Amir Hamza espoused extremist and segregationist views. He inferred that non-Muslims are “kafir” (infidels).
* (uncountable) Ellipsis of kafir corn.
** 1914, Omar Orlando Churchill, Forage and Silage Crops for Oklahoma, page 10:Kafir makes better forage than the duras.
** 1918, Yearbook of the United States Department of Agriculture, page 568:Kafir is confined practically to the Southwestern States where, owing to its drought resistant character, it has become an important crop.

#### Usage notes

* Some people use the term to refer to any non-Muslim, but others consider this an error. The term is sometimes derogatory.

#### Derived terms

* kafirize
* kafirness
* Kafirism

#### Related terms

* kufr
* Kufra

#### Translations
### See also

* kufr
* takfir
* kaffir
* kefir

### References

* ↑ Shaykh Al-Islam ibn Taymiyyah, v. 27, p. 264: “Whosoever does not forbid people from the deen of the Jews and Christians after the prophethood of the messenger Muhammad (saw) nor declares them kafir nor hates them, he is not a Muslim by the consensus of ALL Muslims, their scholars and the general public.”
* ↑ Ahmed Affi, Hassan Affi Contemporary Interpretation of Islamic Law (Troubador Publishing Ltd 2014, →ISBN), page 12
* ↑ Asghar Ali Engineer, Islam in Contemporary World (Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd 2007, →ISBN), xvi
* ↑ Rajan, Julie (2015 January 30) Al Qaeda’s Global Crisis: The Islamic State, Takfir and the Genocide of Muslims‎, Routledge, retrieved 27 August 2015, page cii
* ↑ Bunt, Gary (2009) Muslims‎, The Other Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page ccxxiv
* ↑ Pruniere, Gerard (2007 January 1) Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide‎, Cornell University Press, retrieved 27 August 2015, page xvi

### Anagrams

* fakir, farik

## French
### Noun

kafir m or f by sense (plural kafirs)
* Alternative form of kâfir

### Further reading

* “kafir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay kafir, from Classical Malay kafir (“infidel”), from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).
* The sense “non-Jew” is a semantic loan from Hebrew גּוֹי (goi, “nation”) and semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈkafir/ [ˈka.fɪr]
* Rhymes: -afir
* Syllabification: ka‧fir

### Noun

kafir (plural kafir-kafir)
* (in general senses) unbeliever, non-believer, infidel
* (Islam) a kafir, a disbeliever, a denier, someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.
* (Christianity) non-Christian
* (Christianity, Jewish) gentile, non-Jew

#### Usage notes

This term is sometimes derogatory.

#### Derived terms

* kafirkan (“to kafirize, accuse being a kafir”)
* kekafiran (“kafirness”)
* pengafir (“one who kafirizes”)
* pengafiran (“kafirizing, kafirization”)

### Further reading

* “kafir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, “denier, unbeliever”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.fir/, [ka.fe(r)]
* Rhymes: -afir
* Hyphenation: ka‧fir

### Noun

kafir (Jawi spelling کافير, plural kafir-kafir)
* (Islam, offensive, religious slur) A kafir, a disbeliever, a denier: someone who denies the truths from Allah; or more broadly any non-Muslim.

#### Usage notes

* This term is considered offensive by non-Muslims.
* To avoid offence, terms such as orang bukan Islam and orang bukan Muslim, respectively meaning a person who is "non-Islam" and a person who is "non-Muslim", are often used instead.

#### Affixations

* kafir-mengkafirkan
* kafirkan

#### Compounds

* kafir harbi
* kafir Majusi
* kafir muahad
* kafir zimmi

### Further reading

* “kafir” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.fir/
* Rhymes: -afir
* Syllabification: ka‧fir

### Noun

kafir m pers
* (Islam) kafir

#### Declension
### Further reading

* kafir in Polish dictionaries at PWN