# acusar
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin accūsāre.

### Verb

acusar (first-person singular indicative present acuso, past participle acusáu)
* (transitive) to accuse (attribute blame to someone)

#### Conjugation
## Catalan
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin accūsāre. First attested in the 13th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ə.kuˈza]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.kuˈzaɾ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
* Hyphenation: a‧cu‧sar

### Verb

acusar (first-person singular present acuso, first-person singular preterite acusí, past participle acusat)
* (transitive) to accuse (to point out as guilty)
* (reflexive) to be accused
* (transitive) to show (to give an indication of)
* (transitive) to emphasize, to highlight
    Synonym: ressaltar
* (transitive, law) to prosecute (to take criminal action)
* (transitive, card games) to call (to declare possession of certain cards)

#### Related terms

* acusació f

### Further reading

* “acusar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “acusar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “acusar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “acusar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* accusar (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese acusar, from Latin accūsāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.kuˈza(ʁ)/ [a.kuˈza(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.kuˈza(ʁ)/ [a.kuˈza(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.kuˈza(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.kuˈza(ʁ)/ [a.kuˈza(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /a.kuˈza(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.kuˈzaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.kuˈzaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.kuˈza.ɾi/
* Audio (Brazil):(file)
* Hyphenation: a‧cu‧sar

### Verb

acusar (first-person singular present acuso, first-person singular preterite acusei, past participle acusado)
* to accuse
** 2008, Flavia Reisswitz, Análise de Sistemas Vol. 3, Clube de Autores, page 10:Como uma última precaução, não podemos usar espaços, pois o compilador pode entender como sendo outra váriavel não separada por vírgula e acusará um erro. No lugar do espaço, pode-se usar underline (_).(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* acusação
* acusador
* acusativo
* acusatório
* acusável

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish acusar, from Latin accūsāre. Whether it was inherited or an early borrowing is disputed by some, but it appeared as early as El Cid in Old Spanish and there is no phonological reason to consider it a borrowing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /akuˈsaɾ/ [a.kuˈsaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧cu‧sar

### Verb

acusar (first-person singular present acuso, first-person singular preterite acusé, past participle acusado)
* (transitive) to accuse, charge, indict
    Synonym: denunciar
    acusar por gran jurado ― to indict
    Le acusaron de homicidio.They accused him of manslaughter.
* (transitive) to criminate
* (transitive) to arraign
* (transitive) to prosecute
* (transitive) to acknowledge (to notify sender of having received)
    acusar recibo ― to acknowledge receipt
* (reflexive) to confess
* (also reflexive) to show; to show signs of
    Synonyms: manifestar, revelar
** 1973, Estudio geológico de la provincia de Alava:se acusa una notable influencia continental , aunque con caracteres intermitentes marinos(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2014, Asunción Hernández Fernández, José Ma Martínez García, Marketing sanitario:se acusa una notoria escasez de informaciónA clear lack of information is shown
** 2023 March 7, Cristina Galindo, “Los ingresos de la plataforma de ropa Zalando se estancan y anuncia “cientos” de despidos”, in El País‎:La compañía alemana acusa el fin del auge del comercio electrónico y los beneficios se hunden un 92% en 2022[.]The German company is facing the end of the e-commerce boom and profits plunge 92% in 2022[.]
* (colloquial) to snitch, tattle, rat, egg, squeal
    Synonyms: delatar, chivar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* acusable
* acusado
* acusete
* acusón

#### Related terms

* acusación
* acusador
* acusativo
* acusatorio

#### Descendants

* → Cebuano: akusar
* Chavacano: acusa
* → Tagalog: akusa

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “acusar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “acusar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10