# ܡܕܝܢܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Aramaic מְדִינְתָּא (məḏīntā), derived from the same root of דָּן (dān, “to judge”), denoting the place where judgement takes place; compare Turoyo ܡܕ݂ܝܬ݂ܐ (mḏiṯo) and also borrowed into Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”) and Hebrew מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [məðiːt.taː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [mðɪt.taː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [mədiːtaː]

### Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (mḏītā) f sg (plural ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (mḏīnāṯē) or ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܹܐ (mḏīnē))
* city (large settlement, bigger than a town)
    ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠ ܠܲܢ ܠܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܡܕܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܹܪ݇ܬܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܐܲܪܒܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܲܢ ܠܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ ܥܪܘܼܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܒܨܲܦܪܵܐ.zīl lan lḥḏā mdītā ḥētā qā arbˁā yāwmānē w-tē lan l-nīnwē ˁruḇtā b-ṣaprā.We went to another city for four days and arrived in Nineveh on Friday morning.
    ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܡܸܩܕ݂ܲܪ ܬܡܵܢܸܡܐܵܐ ܡܕ݂ܝܼ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܓܵܘ ܐܹܘܪܘܿܦܹܐ.īṯ miqḏar tmānimˀā mḏīnāṯē gāw ēwrōpē.There are approximately eight hundred cities in Europe.

#### Hypernyms

* ܝܲܬܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (yatḇūṯā, “settlement”)

#### Coordinate terms

* ܡܵܬ݂ܵܐ (māṯā, “village, town”), ܟܲܦܪܵܐ (kaprā, “town”), ܫܒ݂ܵܒ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šḇāḇūṯā, “neighbourhood”), ܡܵܚܘܿܙܵܐ (māḥōzā, “quarter”), ܠܲܩܚܵܐ (laqḥā, “suburb”), ܦܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (pnīṯā, “area, region”), ܐܘܼܚܕܵܢܵܐ (uḥdānā, “state”), ܐܲܬ݂ܪܵܐ (aṯrā, “country”)

#### Derived terms

* ܒܹܝܬ݂ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (bēṯ mḏītā, “city hall, town hall”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܦܘܼܪܓܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ purgāyā, “amusement park”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܲܬ݂ ܩܘܼܕܫܵܐ (mḏīnaṯ qudšā, “Jerusalem”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏīnāyūṯā, “citizenship, municipality”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (mḏīnāyā, “urban, civil”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܘܿܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mḏītōnīṯā, “town”)
* ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܲܬܝܼܪܬܵܐ (mḏītā yatīrtā, “Utopia”)
* ܩܸܢܛܪܘܿܢ ܕܲܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (qinṭrōn damḏītā, “town centre, city center, downtown”)
* ܪܹܝܫ ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ (rēš mḏītā, “mayor”)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

From the root ܕ ܘ ܢ; compare Arabic مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”), Hebrew מְדִינָה (məḏînâ, “state”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mə.din.tɑʔ/, [m(ə.)ˈðit.tɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [m(ə.)ˈði.ne], [m(ə.)ðiˈnɑ.θɑ] (plural)

### Noun

ܡܕ݂ܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (məḏī[n]tā) f (plural ܡܕܝܢܬܐ or ܡܕܝܢܐ)
* city, town
    Synonym: ܩܪܝܬܐ (qərīṯā)
* region
    Synonym: ܩܠܝܡܐ (qəlīmā)
* (rare) province, country
    Synonym: ܐܬܪܐ (ʾaṯrā)

#### Derived terms

* ܡܕܝܢܝܐ (məḏīnāyā)
* ܡܕܝܢܝܘܬܐ (məḏīnāyūṯā)
* ܡܕܝܢܬܘܢܝܬܐ (məḏī[n]tōnīṯā)

#### Descendants

* Arabic: مَدِينَة (madīna)
** Maltese: Mdina
** Cypriot Arabic: mtine
** Gulf Arabic: مَدينة (madina)
** Moroccan Arabic: مدينة (mdīna)
*** → Tarifit: tamdint
** → Bengali: মদিনা (modina)
** → French: médina
** → English: medina
** → Kabyle: tamdint (“city”)
* Hebrew: מְדִינָה (m'diná, “state”)

### References

* “mdynh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-05
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 60b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 252b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 713b