# より
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

* Alternative spellings
* ゟ (archaic) 与利 (archaic) 自り
Originally derived as stem noun form of verb よる (yoru, “to arise from, to start from”), spelled variously in kanji as 因る, 依る, 由る.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jo̞ɾʲi]

#### Particle

より • (yori)
* than; rather than; more than; more so than
    上(うえ)田(だ)さんは僕(ぼく)より背(せ)が高(たか)い。
       Ueda-san wa boku yori se ga takai.
       Mr. Ueda is taller than I am.
    オレンジより林(りん)檎(ご)が好(す)き。
       Orenji yori ringo ga suki.
       I like apples more than oranges.
* 自り: from, beyond, or past a point in space or time
    ここより危(あぶ)ないですよ。
       Koko yori abunai desu yo.
       It's dangerous past / beyond / from here.
    千(ち)歳(とせ)より出(しゅっ)発(ぱつ)します。
       Chitose yori shuppatsu shimasu.
       We depart from Chitose.
    博(はく)物(ぶつ)館(かん)の展(てん)示(じ)が 6(ろく)月(がつ) 10(とお)日(か)より開(かい)催(さい)されます。
       Hakubutsukan no tenji ga rokugatsu tōka yori kaisai saremasu.
       The museum exhibit opens from June 10.

##### Usage notes

The archaic ligature kana ゟ was used for yori from roughly the Edo Period to World War II. It is not used in contemporary Japanese.

##### Synonyms

* (more emphatic) よりも (yori mo)

### Etymology 2

Calque of European grammatical constructions such as English more, leveraging the from, beyond, past sense of the particle.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) より [yòrí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞ɾʲi]

#### Adverb

より • (yori)
* more
    より綺(き)麗(れい)な環(かん)境(きょう)
       yori kirei na kankyō
       a cleaner environment
** 2019 August 4, QuizKnock [QuizKnock], 最弱オセロAIが弱過ぎて絶対勝っちゃうww本気で負けてみた [The weakest Othello AI is so weak that you're guaranteed to win! So we tried to lose]‎:
    より勝(か)っちゃった。
       Yori katchatta.
       You've won more.

##### Synonyms

* もっと (motto)

### Etymology 3

* Alternative spelling
* 寄り
The 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 寄(よ)る (yoru, “to approach, to draw near”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) より [yòrí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞ɾʲi]

#### Noun

より • (yori)
* leaning
* (by extension) tending towards, leaning towards
** 2016, 永田(ながた)カビ (Nagata Kabi)<t:Kabi Nagata>, さびしすぎてレズ風俗(ふうぞく)に行(い)きましたレポ (Sabishisugite rezu fūzoku ni ikimashita repo) [My Lesbian Experience With Loneliness]:
    あ、触(さわ)りたいところあったら触(さわ)っていいからね。タチ寄(よ)りなだけでリバだから
       A, sawaritai tokoro attara sawatte ii kara ne. Tachi-yori na dake de riba da kara
       Oh, and you can touch me whereever you want to. I'm vers; I just lean towards top.

#### Verb

より • (yori)
* stem or continuative form of よる (yoru) [godan]

#### Further reading

* レズビアン用語 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$

### Etymology 4

* Alternative spellings
* 縒り 撚り
The 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 縒る, 撚る (yoru, “to twist, to entwine”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) より [yòríꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [jo̞ɾʲi]

#### Noun

より • (yori)
* twisting
* twist, something twisted together

#### Verb

より • (yori)
* stem or continuative form of よる (yoru) [godan]

### Etymology 5

* Alternative spellings
* 拠り 因り
The 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 拠(よ)る (yoru, “to be based on, to depend on”), 因(よ)る (yoru, “to be due to, to be caused by”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jo̞ɾʲi]

#### Verb

より • (yori)
* stem or continuative form of よる (yoru) [godan]

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN