OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arlberg
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Arlberg. Analysable as Arle (“mountain pine”) + Berg (“mountain”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑː(ɹ)lbɜː(ɹ)ɡ/

### Proper noun

Arlberg
* A massif shared between the states of Vorarlberg and Tyrol in Austria, bordered by the Verwall in the south, the Lechquellen in the northwest and the Lechtal Alps in the northeast; the region has a long tradition of winter sports (mainly skiing) and its villages rely on tourism as their main source of income.
* Clipping of Ski Arlberg.

#### Related terms

* Arlberg Pass
* Arlberg Railway
* Arlberg Railway Tunnel
* Arlberg Road Tunnel
* Arlberg technique
* Sankt Anton am Arlberg
* Vorarlberg

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* garbler

## German
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaʁlˌbɛʁk/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

der Arlberg m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Arlbergs)
* Arlberg (A massif shared between the states of Vorarlberg and Tyrol in Austria, bordered by the Verwall in the south, the Lechquellen in the northwest and the Lechtal Alps in the northeast; the region has a long tradition of winter sports (mainly skiing) and its villages rely on tourism as their main source of income)

#### Derived terms

* Arlbergbahn (“Arlberg Railway”)
* Arlbergpass (“Arlberg Pass”)
* Arlberg Straßentunnel (“Arlberg Road Tunnel”)
* Arlbergtunnel (“Arlberg Railway Tunnel”)
* Langen am Arlberg
* Lech am Arlberg
* Sankt Anton am Arlberg/St. Anton am Arlberg
* Sankt Christoph am Arlberg/St. Christoph am Arlberg
* Stuben am Arlberg
* Vorarlberg

#### Descendants

* → English: Arlberg
# Рускиня
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Ру̏скиња / Rȕskinja (“female Russian”). By surface analysis, руски (ruski) +‎ -иня (-inja) or Рус (Rus) +‎ -киня (-kinja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rusˈkiɲa]
* Rhymes: -iɲa
* Hyphenation: Рус‧ки‧ня

### Noun

Рускиня (Ruskinja) f (related adjective руски or руснацки)
* female equivalent of Руснак (Rusnak): female Pannonian Rusyn
    Synonyms: (rare) Русинка (Rusinka), (rare) Русначка (Rusnačka)
* (colloquial) female Russian
    Synonym: Русиянка (Rusijanka)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M. (1997) “Русинка”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Сербско-руски словнїк [Serbian-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (О – Ш), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 448
* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “Рускиня”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “Ruthenian”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 260
# csombord
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Compare Proto-Slavic *čǫbьrъ, Romanian cimbru, Ancient Greek θύμβρα (thúmbra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃombord]
* Hyphenation: csom‧bord
* Rhymes: -ord

### Noun

csombord (plural csombordok)
* summer savory (Satureja hortensis)
    Synonym: borsikafű
# こうたいごう
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of こうたいごう – see the following entry. :
| 【皇太后】 | [noun] empress dowager |
(This term, こうたいごう (kōtaigō), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# கோப்பு
## Tamil
### Etymology

From கோ (kō, “to collect, string, insert”) +‎ -ப்பு (-ppu), compare cognates Telugu కోపు (kōpu), Malayalam കോപ്പ് (kōppŭ) and Kannada ಕೋಪು (kōpu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koːpːɯ/

### Noun

கோப்பு • (kōppu) (plural கோப்புகள்)
* file, document
    Synonym: ஆவணம் (āvaṇam)
* bundle, pack
    Synonyms: கட்டு (kaṭṭu), மூட்டை (mūṭṭai)
* means, device
    Synonyms: பயன்பாடு (payaṉpāṭu), உபாயம் (upāyam)
# πάροικος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From πᾰρᾰ- (pără-, “beside”) +‎ οἶκος (oîkos, “house, dwelling”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pá.roi̯.kos/ → /ˈpa.ry.kos/ → /ˈpa.ri.kos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pá.roi̯.kos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpa.ry.kos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpa.ry.kos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpa.ry.kos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpa.ri.kos/

### Adjective

πᾰ́ροικος • (pắroikos) m or f (neuter πᾰ́ροικον); second declension
* dwelling beside or near, neighbouring
* foreign, alien

#### Derived terms

* πᾰροικέω (păroikéō)
* πᾰροικήσῐς (păroikḗsĭs)
* πᾰροικῐ́ᾱ (păroikĭ́ā)
* πᾰροικῐ́ζω (păroikĭ́zō)
* πᾰροικῐκός (păroikĭkós)
* πᾰροικῐ́ς (păroikĭ́s)
* πᾰροικοδομέω (păroikodoméō)
* Πᾰροικόπολῐς (Păroikópolĭs)

#### Descendants

* → taxonomic name: Paroecus
* ⇒ English: paroecious

### Noun

πᾰ́ροικος • (pắroikos) m (genitive πᾰροίκου); second declension
* sojourner in another house
* (in general) alien, stranger

#### Descendants

* → German: Paröke

### References

* “πάροικος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πάροικος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* πάροικος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# մնալ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian մնալ (mnal).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /məˈnɑl/, [mənɑ́l]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /məˈnɑl/, [mənɑ́l]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Verb

մնալ • (mnal)
* to stay, to remain

#### Inflection

*colloquial
*colloquial
*colloquial
*colloquial

## Old Armenian
### Verb

մնալ • (mnal)
* infinitive of մնամ (mnam)
# gayge
## English
### Etymology 1

A blend of gay +‎ Pepege, where Pepege is a derivative of Pepega, both earlier emoticons that ultimately derive from Pepe the Frog. By surface analysis, gay +‎ -ge.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡeɪd͡ʒ/

#### Interjection

gayge
* (Internet slang, Twitch-speak) Used in response to anything that can be construed as "gay".

#### See also

* sadge
* madge
* gladge
* prayge

### Etymology 2

Blend of gay +‎ age.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡeɪd͡ʒ/

#### Noun

gayge (uncountable)
* (LGBTQ, slang) The age at which one realizes that one is gay. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
# тарґовкиня
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Partial calque of Serbo-Croatian трговкиња / trgovkinja. By surface analysis, тарґ (targ) +‎ -ов (-ov) +‎ -киня (-kinja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tarɡɔvˈkiɲa]
* Rhymes: -iɲa
* Hyphenation: тар‧ґов‧ки‧ня

### Noun

тарґовкиня (targovkinja) f (related adjective тарґовецки)
* female equivalent of тарґовец (targovec): female trader, female shopkeeper, tradeswoman
    Synonyms: дутяндїйошка (dutjandjijoška, “shopkeeper”), предавачка (predavačka, “vendor”)

#### Related terms

* тарґ m inan (targ)
* тарґовина f (targovina)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “тарґовкиня”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “shopkeeper”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 277
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “trader”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 336
# Red Queen hypothesis
## English
### Alternative forms

* Red-Queen hypothesis, Red Queen's hypothesis

### Etymology

An allusion to a remark by the Red Queen in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass: "Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place." The hypothesis was advanced in 1973 by American biologist Leigh Van Valen, who called it the Red Queen's hypothesis.

### Proper noun

Red Queen hypothesis
* (evolutionary theory) An evolutionary hypothesis which proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate not merely to gain reproductive advantage, but also simply to survive while pitted against other evolving organisms in an ever-changing environment.
** 2000, Edward M. Barrows, Animal Behavior Desk Reference, 2nd edition, CRC Press, page 358:Stenseth and Maynard Smith (1984) reformulated this hypothesis by including the idea of evolutionary lag and dismissing Van Valen's zero-sum assumption. They contrast the Red-Queen hypothesis with the stationary hypothesis, q.v. Hoffman and Kitchell (1984 in Lewin 1985a, 400) offer some support for the Red-Queen hypothesis.
** 2008, Keith Clay et al., “Chapter 7: Red Queen Communities”, in Richard S. Ostfeld, Felicia Keesing, Valerie T. Eviner, editors, Infectious Disease Ecology, Princeton University Press, page 145:We extend the Red Queen hypothesis, a mechanism proposed to maintain genetic diversity at the population level, to explain diversity at the community level.
** 2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 219:The Red Queen hypothesis defines evolution as a kind of arms race, in which species must constantly evolve and adapt merely to survive.

#### Translations
### See also

* treadmill

### Further reading

* Red Queen hypothesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# ჭექა-ქუხილი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃʼekʰakʰuχili]

### Noun

ჭექა-ქუხილი • (č̣eka-kuxili) (uncountable)
* thunder

#### Declension

Declension of ჭექა-ქუხილი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | ჭექა-ქუხილი (č̣eka-kuxili) |
| ergative | ჭექა-ქუხილმა (č̣eka-kuxilma) |
| dative | ჭექა-ქუხილს(ა) (č̣eka-kuxils(a)) |
| genitive | ჭექა-ქუხილის(ა) (č̣eka-kuxilis(a)) |
| instrumental | ჭექა-ქუხილით(ა) (č̣eka-kuxilit(a)) |
| adverbial | ჭექა-ქუხილად(ა) (č̣eka-kuxilad(a)) |
| vocative | ჭექა-ქუხილო (č̣eka-kuxilo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ჭექა-ქუხილი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ჭექა-ქუხილზე (č̣eka-kuxilze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ჭექა-ქუხილთან (č̣eka-kuxiltan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ჭექა-ქუხილში (č̣eka-kuxilši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ჭექა-ქუხილივით (č̣eka-kuxilivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ჭექა-ქუხილისთვის (č̣eka-kuxilistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ჭექა-ქუხილისებრ (č̣eka-kuxilisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ჭექა-ქუხილისკენ (č̣eka-kuxilisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ჭექა-ქუხილისგან (č̣eka-kuxilisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ჭექა-ქუხილისადმი (č̣eka-kuxilisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ჭექა-ქუხილიდან (č̣eka-kuxilidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ჭექა-ქუხილითურთ (č̣eka-kuxiliturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ჭექა-ქუხილამდე (č̣eka-kuxilamde) | |
# Morrison Hill
## English
### Etymology

Named after Robert Morrison.

### Proper noun

Morrison Hill
* A hill in Wan Chai, Wan Chai district, Hong Kong.
** 1967, Gwenneth Stokes, The Extreme East: A Modern History:Where today are Caroline Hill, East Point Hill, and Morrison Hill on which Hong Kong's first western school was built? Where are the bays which formerly indented the coastline of Hong Kong?
** 2007, Michael Anthony Ingham, Mike Ingham, “"Suzie's World": from Wan Chai to Happy Valley”, in Hong Kong: A Cultural History‎, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 59:East of Morrison Hill and the rice paddies of Belcher Valley (named after himself by a rather conceited Captain Edward Belcher) were the godowns of the Jardine-Matheson company, situated roughly where the modern Excelsior Hotel in Causeway Bay now stands.
** 2009 July 11, Jason Wordie, “Out and about”, in South China Morning Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 May 2021‎:Hong Kong's most renowned European brothel operated during the interwar years just across from Morrison Hill, at the far end of Queen's Road East, run by a stately lady of shadowy origins named Ethel Morrison - it was rumoured that she took her professional surname from the hill across the way.
** 2018 December 1, David Bellis, Old Hong Kong Photos and The Tales They Tell, volume 2, Gwulo, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 104:When the project began, workers delivered the earth from Morrison Hill to the reclamation using small trucks that they pushed by hand.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Morrison Hill at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
# ஊழி
## Tamil
### Etymology

From ஊழ் (ūḻ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uːɻi/

### Noun

ஊழி • (ūḻi)
* aeon, eternity
    Synonyms: யுகம் (yukam), நித்தியம் (nittiyam)
* lifetime
    Synonyms: வாழ்நாள் (vāḻnāḷ), ஜீவகாலம் (jīvakālam)
* world
    Synonyms: ஞாலம் (ñālam), உலகம் (ulakam), அகிலம் (akilam), அண்டம் (aṇṭam), பூமி (pūmi)
* endtime, apocalypse
    Synonyms: பேரழிவு (pēraḻivu), பிரளயம் (piraḷayam)
# árbol del pan
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌaɾbol del ˈpan/ [ˌaɾ.β̞ol̪ d̪el ˈpãn]
* Syllabification: ár‧bol del pan

### Noun

árbol del pan m (plural árboles del pan)
* breadfruit tree
    Synonym: frutipán

### Further reading

* “árbol del pan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# uffern
## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* uffar, yffarn, yffach

### Etymology

From Middle Welsh uffern, from Proto-Brythonic *ifern, from Vulgar Latin *īferna, from Latin īnferna.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈɨ̞fɛrn/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈɪfɛrn/

### Noun

uffern f (plural uffernau or uffernoedd)
* hell

#### Derived terms

* pan fydd uffern yn rhewi drosodd (“when Hell freezes over”)
* uffern o (“a hell of”)
* uffernol (“hellish”)

### Interjection

uffern
* (impolite, sometimes considered vulgar) hell, damn
    Yffach! Oes rhaid i ti weddi cymaint?Damn! Do you have to pray so much?

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “uffern”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# afgud
## Danish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German afgot or Old English afgod, compare German Abgott. Second element is gud (“god”).

### Noun

afgud c (singular definite afguden, plural indefinite afguder)
* an idol, a false god

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “afgud” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
# Ceoluulf
## Old English
### Proper noun

Ċēoluulf m
* Alternative spelling of Ċēolwulf
# petrezselyem
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin petrosilium, from Latin petroselinum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλινον (petrosélinon, “parsley”) (literally, "rock celery"), from πέτρος (pétros, “rock, stone”) + σέλινον (sélinon, “celery”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɛtrɛʒɛjɛm]
* Hyphenation: pet‧re‧zse‧lyem
* Rhymes: -ɛm

### Noun

petrezselyem (plural petrezselymek)
* parsley

#### Derived terms

* petrezselymes
* petrezselyemáruló
* petrezselyemfüzér
* petrezselyemgyökér
* petrezselyemmag
* petrezselyemzöld
* petrezselyem zöldje
* petrezselymet árul

### See also

* Appendix:Hungarian words with ly

### Further reading

* petrezselyem in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# უვნებელი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [uvnebeli]

### Adjective

უვნებელი • (uvnebeli) (comparative უფრო უვნებელი, superlative ყველაზე უვნებელი)
* unharmed

#### Declension

Declension of უვნებელი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular |
| nominative | უვნებელი (uvnebeli) |
| ergative | უვნებელმა (uvnebelma) |
| dative | უვნებელს(ა) (uvnebels(a)) |
| genitive | უვნებელის(ა) (uvnebelis(a)) |
| instrumental | უვნებელით(ა) (uvnebelit(a)) |
| adverbial | უვნებელად(ა) (uvnebelad(a)) |
| vocative | უვნებელო (uvnebelo) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of უვნებელი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | უვნებელზე (uvnebelze) | |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | უვნებელთან (uvnebeltan) | |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | უვნებელში (uvnebelši) | |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | უვნებელივით (uvnebelivit) | |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | უვნებელისთვის (uvnebelistvis) | |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | უვნებელისებრ (uvnebelisebr) | |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | უვნებელისკენ (uvnebelisḳen) | |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | უვნებელისგან (uvnebelisgan) | |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | უვნებელისადმი (uvnebelisadmi) | |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | უვნებელიდან (uvnebelidan) | |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | უვნებელითურთ (uvnebeliturt) | |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | უვნებელამდე (uvnebelamde) | |
# 土方
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tǔfāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄈㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tou$^2$ fong$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thó͘-hng / thó͘-hong
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǔfāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄈㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǔfang
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^3$-fang$^1$
*** Yale: tǔ-fāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuufang
*** Palladius: туфан (tufan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tǔfāngr
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄈㄤㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tǔfangr
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^3$-fang$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: tǔ-fāngr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuufangl
*** Palladius: туфанр (tufanr)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tou$^2$ fong$^1$
*** Yale: tóu fōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tou$^2$ fong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tou$^2$ fong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰou̯³⁵ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thó͘-hng
*** Tâi-lô: thóo-hng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tofhngf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hŋ̍³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hŋ̍⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hŋ̍⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thó͘-hong
*** Tâi-lô: thóo-hong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tofhofng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ³³/

### Noun

土方
* cubic meter of earth
* earthwork
* (literary) terrain; topography relief
* (traditional Chinese medicine) folk prescription; home remedy

#### Synonyms

* (earthwork): (Hokkien) 塗方／涂方
* (terrain):
* 地勢 / 地势 (dìshì)
* 地形 (dìxíng)
* 地文 (dìwén) (literary)
* 地貌 (dìmào)
* 形勢 / 形势 (xíngshì)
* (folk prescription):
* 丹方 (dānfāng) (folk prescription)
* 仙方 (xiānfāng) (magical prescription)
* 偏方 (piānfāng) (folk prescription)
* 古方 (gǔfāng) (ancient prescription)
* 單方 / 单方 (dānfāng) (in TCM)
* 方劑 / 方剂 (fāngjì) (in TCM)
* 方子 (fāngzi) (in TCM)
* 湯頭 / 汤头 (tāngtóu) (prescription for a medical decoction)
* 良方 (liángfāng) (effective prescription)
* 藥單 / 药单 (yàodān)
* 藥方 / 药方 (yàofāng)
* 處方 / 处方 (chǔfāng)
* 處方箋 / 处方笺 (chǔfāngjiān) (literary)
* 複方 / 复方 (fùfāng) (in TCM)
* 配方 (pèifāng)
* 醫方 / 医方 (yīfāng)
* 驗方 / 验方 (yànfāng) (proved recipe in TCM)

## Japanese
### Pronunciation

Kanji in this term :
| 土 | 方 |
| ど Grade: 1 | かた Grade: 2 |
| jūbakoyomi ||
* (Tokyo) どかた [dòkátá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [do̞ka̠ta̠]

### Noun

土(ど)方(かた) • (dokata)
* (often derogatory) Synonym of 土工 (dokō, “construction worker”)

#### Descendants

* Korean: 노가다 (nogada)

### Proper noun

Kanji in this term :
| 土 | 方 |
| ひじ Grade: 1 | かた Grade: 2 |
土(ひじ)方(かた) • (Hijikata)
* a surname
# arbóreo
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin arboreus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁˈbɔ.ɾe.u/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾe.u], /aʁˈbɔ.ɾi.u/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁˈbɔ.ɾju/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾju]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁˈbɔ.ɾe.u/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾe.u], /aʁˈbɔ.ɾi.u/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁˈbɔ.ɾju/ [aɦˈbɔ.ɾju]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aɾˈbɔ.ɾe.u/, /aɾˈbɔ.ɾi.u/ [aɾˈbɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aɾˈbɔ.ɾju/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aʁˈbɔ.ɾe.u/, /aʁˈbɔ.ɾi.u/ [aʁˈbɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁˈbɔ.ɾju/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aɻˈbɔ.ɾe.o/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐɾˈbɔ.ɾju/ [ɐɾˈβɔ.ɾju]

### Adjective

arbóreo (feminine arbórea, masculine plural arbóreos, feminine plural arbóreas)
* arboreal (pertaining to trees)
* arboreal (living in or among trees)
    Synonym: arborícola

## Spanish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin arboreus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aɾˈboɾeo/ [aɾˈβ̞o.ɾe.o]
* Rhymes: -oɾeo
* Syllabification: ar‧bó‧re‧o

### Adjective

arbóreo (feminine arbórea, masculine plural arbóreos, feminine plural arbóreas)
* arboreal

#### Derived terms

* bisbita arbóreo
* chinche de la malva arbórea
* mimosa arbórea

#### Related terms

* árbol

### Further reading

* “arbóreo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# каита
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kajüte.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaˈita]
* Hyphenation: ка‧и‧та

### Noun

каи́та • (kaíta) f (plural каи́ти)
* (nautical, transport, tourism) cabin (specifically on a ship, barge, yacht, etc. for passengers and officers)

#### Declension
### References

* “каита” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
* Koneski, Kiril (1999) “каита”, in Правописен речник на македонскиот литературен јазик (Pravopisen rečnik na makedonskiot literaturen jazik) [Orthographic Dictionary of the Macedonian literary language] (in Macedonian), "Prosvetno delo", page 168

### Anagrams

* Атика (Atika)
# vdmychovat
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvdmɪxovat]

### Verb

vdmychovat impf
* imperfective form of vdmychnout
** 1931, Vladislav Vančura, Markéta Lazarová:Někdy se přihází, že vojenská chasa, která je vzdálena svých žranic, osvědčuje na obrátku statečnost, již vdmychuje nouze. Stíná potom jako kat a není k zadržení.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

infinitive
vdmychovat, vdmychovati
active adjective
vdmychující
verbal noun
vdmychování
passive adjective
vdmychovaný
present formsindicativeimperative
singularpluralsingularplural
1st person
vdmychuji, vdmychuju (coll.)vdmychujeme—vdmychujme
2nd person
vdmychuješvdmychujetevdmychujvdmychujte
3rd person
vdmychujevdmychují, vdmychujou (coll.)——
The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive vdmychovat.
participlespast participlespassive participles
singularpluralsingularplural
masculine animate
vdmychovalvdmychovalivdmychovánvdmychováni
masculine inanimate
vdmychovalyvdmychovány
feminine
vdmychovalavdmychována
neuter
vdmychovalovdmychovalavdmychovánovdmychována
transgressives
present
past
masculine singular
vdmychuje—
feminine + neuter singular
vdmychujíc—
plural
vdmychujíce— :

### Further reading

* “vdmychovati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “vdmychovati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “vdmychovat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# kebisaan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

bisa +‎ ke- -an

### Noun

kebisaan (uncountable)
* ability, capability
    Synonyms: kemampuan, kecakapan, kepandaian, kebolehan