# puro
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puro, shortened from cigarro puro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʊəɹəʊ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʊəɹəʊ

### Noun

puro (plural puros)
* A cigar, especially one made with tobacco from a single country.

### Anagrams

* pour, roup

## Asturian
### Adjective

puro
* neuter of puru

## Bikol Central
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpu.ɾo]
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

#### Adjective

púro (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)
* pure
    Synonym: liso

#### Adverb

púro (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)
* completely
    Synonym: entero
* all
    Synonym: liso

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈɾo/ [puˈɾo]
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

#### Noun

puró (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)
* edge; rim; end
    Synonyms: gilid, gati

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈɾoʔ/ [puˈɾoʔ]
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

#### Noun

purô (Basahan spelling ᜉᜓᜍᜓ)
* (formal) island
    Synonym: isla

##### Derived terms

* kapuruan

## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably purista +‎ -o in reference to the sound made by running water in a creek. Related to Karelian puro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuro/, [ˈpuro̞]
* Rhymes: -uro
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

### Noun

puro
* stream, streamlet, brook, creek (body of running water smaller than a river)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of puro (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
puroni
puroni
accusative
nom.
puroni
puroni
gen.
puroni
genitive
puroni
purojeni
partitive
puroani
purojani
inessive
purossani
puroissani
elative
purostani
puroistani
illative
purooni
puroihini
adessive
purollani
puroillani
ablative
puroltani
puroiltani
allative
purolleni
puroilleni
essive
puronani
puroinani
translative
purokseni
puroikseni
abessive
purottani
puroittani
instructive
comitative
—puroineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
purosi
purosi
accusative
nom.
purosi
purosi
gen.
purosi
genitive
purosi
purojesi
partitive
puroasi
purojasi
inessive
purossasi
puroissasi
elative
purostasi
puroistasi
illative
puroosi
puroihisi
adessive
purollasi
puroillasi
ablative
puroltasi
puroiltasi
allative
purollesi
puroillesi
essive
puronasi
puroinasi
translative
puroksesi
puroiksesi
abessive
purottasi
puroittasi
instructive
comitative
—puroinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
puromme
puromme
accusative
nom.
puromme
puromme
gen.
puromme
genitive
puromme
purojemme
partitive
puroamme
purojamme
inessive
purossamme
puroissamme
elative
purostamme
puroistamme
illative
puroomme
puroihimme
adessive
purollamme
puroillamme
ablative
puroltamme
puroiltamme
allative
purollemme
puroillemme
essive
puronamme
puroinamme
translative
puroksemme
puroiksemme
abessive
purottamme
puroittamme
instructive
comitative
—puroinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
puronne
puronne
accusative
nom.
puronne
puronne
gen.
puronne
genitive
puronne
purojenne
partitive
puroanne
purojanne
inessive
purossanne
puroissanne
elative
purostanne
puroistanne
illative
puroonne
puroihinne
adessive
purollanne
puroillanne
ablative
puroltanne
puroiltanne
allative
purollenne
puroillenne
essive
puronanne
puroinanne
translative
puroksenne
puroiksenne
abessive
purottanne
puroittanne
instructive
comitative
—puroinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
puronsa
puronsa
accusative
nom.
puronsa
puronsa
gen.
puronsa
genitive
puronsa
purojensa
partitive
puroaan puroansa
purojaan purojansa
inessive
purossaan purossansa
puroissaan puroissansa
elative
purostaan purostansa
puroistaan puroistansa
illative
puroonsa
puroihinsa
adessive
purollaan purollansa
puroillaan puroillansa
ablative
puroltaan puroltansa
puroiltaan puroiltansa
allative
purolleen purollensa
puroilleen puroillensa
essive
puronaan puronansa
puroinaan puroinansa
translative
purokseen puroksensa
puroikseen puroiksensa
abessive
purottaan purottansa
puroittaan puroittansa
instructive
comitative
—puroineen puroinensa :

#### Derived terms

* Purola
* puronen
* afrikanpurorotta
* alppipuro
* Haapapuro
* Haukipuro
* Höykinpuro
* jäätikköpuro
* kalliovuortenpuromyyrä
* kevätpuro
* Kivipuro
* korpipuro
* kotipuro
* luonnonpuro
* metsäpuro
* Myllypuro
* myllypuro
* niittypuro
* pikkupuro
* purohopeatäplä
* purokorento
* purolaakso
* puromylly
* Puronaho
* puronieriä
* puronotko
* puronsuu
* puronuoma
* puronvarsi
* puropahanen
* purotaimen
* purouitto
* purouoma
* purovarsi
* purovesi
* salopuro
* tunturipuro
* uittopuro
* vuoripuro
* vuoristopuro

### Further reading

* “puro”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Urpo, poru, urpo

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese puro, from Latin pūrus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpu.ɾʊ]
* Rhymes: -uɾo
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

### Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras)
* pure, unadulterated
    Antonym: impuro

#### Derived terms

* puramente

#### Related terms

* pureza
* purificar
* purismo

### Noun

puro m (plural puros)
* cigar
    Synonym: cigarro

#### Further reading

* “puro”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Ilocano
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq. Compare Indonesian pulau, Malay pulau, Sundanese pulo, Tagalog pulo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈɾoʔ/ [puˈɾoʔ]
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

### Noun

puro
* island (area of land completely surrounded by water)

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin pūrus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpu.ro/
* Rhymes: -uro
* Hyphenation: pù‧ro
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puri, feminine plural pure, superlative purissimo)
* pure
    Antonym: impuro

#### Related terms

* puramente
* purché
* pure
* purezza
* purga
* purgare
* purificare
* purismo
* purista
* purità
* puritano
* purosangue
* purtroppo

### Noun

puro m (plural puri, feminine pura)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Further reading

* puro in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
* puro in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
* puro in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
* pùro in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
* puro in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
* puro in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Japanese
### Romanization

puro
* Rōmaji transcription of プロ

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpuː.roː/, [ˈpuːroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpu.ro/, [ˈpuːro]

### Etymology 1

From pūrus (“pure”).

#### Verb

pūrō (present infinitive pūrāre, perfect active pūrāvī, supine pūrātum); first conjugation
* (rare) to purify

##### Descendants

* Old Northern French: purer (“to sift (grain), pour out (water)”)
** →? Dutch: pouren
** →? Middle English: pouren
*** English: pour

#### References

* “puro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* puro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

pūrō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of pūrus

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Central Greater Poland) IPA: /ˈpu.rɔ/

### Particle

puro
* (Poznań, dated) almost, nearly

### Further reading

* Waldemar Wierzba (2013) “puro”, in Słownik Poznańskie słowa i ausdrucki (in Polish), 1st edition, Mierzyn: Albus, →ISBN, page 208

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese puro, from Latin pūrus, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to cleanse, purify”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpu.ɾu/
* Rhymes: -uɾu
* Hyphenation: pu‧ro

### Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras, comparable, comparative mais puro, superlative o mais puro or puríssimo, diminutive purinho)
* pure (free of pollutants)
    Antonyms: impuro, contaminado
* pure; flawless (free of flaws or imperfections)
    Antonyms: impuro, imperfeito
* pure; clean (free of immoral behaviour)
    Antonyms: impuro, sujo
* (Brazil, slang) sober (not under the influence of any recreational drug)
    Antonym: chapado

#### Derived terms

* puramente

#### Related terms

* impuro
* pureza

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish puro, from Latin pūrus. In the noun sense short for cigarro puro, a product to be smoked that is made – unlike the cigarette – of “tabaco puro, sin papel” (pure tobacco, without paper). Note that in Spanish the unqualified term cigarro can also refer to a cigarette.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpu.ɾo]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -uɾo
* Syllabification: pu‧ro

### Adjective

puro (feminine pura, masculine plural puros, feminine plural puras)
* pure, clear
    Antonyms: impuro, mezclado, sucio
* alone, sheer, mere, just, nothing less than

#### Inflection

* Superlative: purísimo
* Augmentative: purote
* Diminutive: purito

#### Derived terms

* a puro huevo
* apurar
* de pura cepa
* de pura uva
* de puro aire
* de puro fay
* la pura verdad
* matemáticas puras
* pura vida
* puramente
* purasangre
* purista
* puro y duro
* puros dieces

#### Related terms

* puré
* pureza
* purificar
* puritano

#### See also

* casto

### Adverb

puro
* only, merely
    Synonyms: nada más, solamente, sólo
    Antonyms: además, no solamente

### Noun

puro m (plural puros)
* cigar, puro
* (Spain, colloquial) a fine (especially a big one)
    Synonym: cigarro

#### Descendants

* → English: puro
* → Greek: πούρο (poúro)
* → Turkish: puro

#### Further reading

* “puro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈpuɾo/ [ˈpuː.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -uɾo
* Syllabification: pu‧ro

### Adjective

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)
* pure; undiluted
    Synonyms: dalisay, wagas, walang-halo
* (by extension) strong (of alcohol, coffee)
    Synonym: matapang
* pure-blood; of unmixed stock; purebred; thoroughbred
    Synonym: lantay
* full of; covered with
* with or having the last card or number (of a pair) being awaited to be drawn in order to win
    Synonym: namumuro
* causing instant death (of a shot, stab, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* mapuruhan
* puruhan

### Noun

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)
* condition of being pure or unadulterated
    Synonyms: kapangalan, kapauran
* last card or number (of a pair) being awaited to be drawn in order to win

### Adverb

puro (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜇᜓ)
* always; repeatedly; too much
    Synonyms: pulos, wagas, panay, taganas

## Tetelcingo Nahuatl
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish burro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpuɾo]

### Noun

puro (plural purojte)
* Donkey.

#### Derived terms

* purojconetzi
* purojpi̱a
* purolama
* puromi̱jqui̱

### References

* Brewer, Forrest, Brewer, Jean G. (1962) Vocabulario mexicano de Tetelcingo, Morelos: Castellano-mexicano, mexicano-castellano (Serie de vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 8)‎ (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Internados de Enseñanza Primaria y Educación Indígena, published 1971, pages 17, 176

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Spanish puro.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

puro (definite accusative puroyu, plural purolar)
* cigar

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
puro
purolar
definite accusative
puroyu
puroları
dative
puroya
purolara
locative
puroda
purolarda
ablative
purodan
purolardan
genitive
puronun
puroların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
purom
purolarım
2nd singular
puron
puroların
3rd singular
purosu
puroları
1st plural
puromuz
purolarımız
2nd plural
puronuz
purolarınız
3rd plural
puroları
puroları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
puromu
purolarımı
2nd singular
puronu
purolarını
3rd singular
purosunu
purolarını
1st plural
puromuzu
purolarımızı
2nd plural
puronuzu
purolarınızı
3rd plural
purolarını
purolarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
puroma
purolarıma
2nd singular
purona
purolarına
3rd singular
purosuna
purolarına
1st plural
puromuza
purolarımıza
2nd plural
puronuza
purolarınıza
3rd plural
purolarına
purolarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
puromda
purolarımda
2nd singular
puronda
purolarında
3rd singular
purosunda
purolarında
1st plural
puromuzda
purolarımızda
2nd plural
puronuzda
purolarınızda
3rd plural
purolarında
purolarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
puromdan
purolarımdan
2nd singular
purondan
purolarından
3rd singular
purosundan
purolarından
1st plural
puromuzdan
purolarımızdan
2nd plural
puronuzdan
purolarınızdan
3rd plural
purolarından
purolarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
puromun
purolarımın
2nd singular
puronun
purolarının
3rd singular
purosunun
purolarının
1st plural
puromuzun
purolarımızın
2nd plural
puronuzun
purolarınızın
3rd plural
purolarının
purolarının :

## Waray-Waray
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish puro.

#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pu‧ro
* IPA: /ˈpuɾo/, [ˈpu.ɾu]

#### Adjective

púro
* pure; free from admixture
    Synonym: puraw

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *pujuq.

#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pu‧ro
* IPA: /puˈɾoʔ/, [puˈɾuʔ]

#### Noun

purô
* island
    Synonym: isla

## Welsh
### Etymology

pur +‎ -o

### Verb

puro (first-person singular present puraf)
* (transitive) to purify, refine
    Synonyms: pureiddio, coethi, teru
* (transitive) to cleanse, purge
    Synonyms: glanhau, gloywi

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | puraf | puri | pur, pura | purwn | purwch | purant | purir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | purwn | purit | purai | purem | purech | purent | purid |
| preterite | purais | puraist | purodd | purasom | purasoch | purasant | purwyd |
| pluperfect | puraswn | purasit | purasai | purasem | purasech | purasent | purasid, puresid |
| present subjunctive | purwyf | purych | puro | purom | puroch | puront | purer |
| imperative | — | pur, pura | pured | purwn | purwch | purent | purer |
| verbal noun | puro | puro | puro | puro | puro | puro | puro |
| verbal adjectives | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy | puredig puradwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | pura i, puraf i | puri di | purith o/e/hi, puriff e/hi | purwn ni | purwch chi | puran nhw |
| conditional | purwn i, purswn i | puret ti, purset ti | purai fo/fe/hi, pursai fo/fe/hi | puren ni, pursen ni | purech chi, pursech chi | puren nhw, pursen nhw |
| preterite | purais i, pures i | puraist ti, purest ti | purodd o/e/hi | puron ni | puroch chi | puron nhw |
| imperative | — | pura | — | — | purwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

#### Derived terms

* purfa f (“refinery”)
* purwr m (“refiner”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “puro”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies