# س

| س | U+0633, &#1587; ARABIC LETTER SEEN |
| ← ز [U+0632] | Arabic | ش → [U+0634] |
| ﺱ | U+FEB1, &#65201; ARABIC LETTER SEEN ISOLATED FORM |
| ← ﺰ [U+FEB0] | Arabic Presentation Forms-B | ﺲ → [U+FEB2] |
| ﺲ | U+FEB2, &#65202; ARABIC LETTER SEEN FINAL FORM |
| ← ﺱ [U+FEB1] | Arabic Presentation Forms-B | ﺳ → [U+FEB3] |
| ﺳ | U+FEB3, &#65203; ARABIC LETTER SEEN INITIAL FORM |
| ← ﺲ [U+FEB2] | Arabic Presentation Forms-B | ﺴ → [U+FEB4] |
| ﺴ | U+FEB4, &#65204; ARABIC LETTER SEEN MEDIAL FORM |
| ← ﺳ [U+FEB3] | Arabic Presentation Forms-B | ﺵ → [U+FEB5] |

## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Nabataean 𐢝 (š), from Classical Syriac ܫ (š), from Aramaic ש (š), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡔 (š), from the Egyptian 𓌒.
This letter stood for /ʃ/ in Aramaic. 𐢖 was not adopted into the Arabic alphabet because of the following considerations:
Proto-Semitic has three fricatives that became sibilants in descendant languages: ś, š, s. In Arabic ś gave /ʃ/, but š and s merged to /s/. In Old Aramaic all three sibilants were distinguished, and s was represented by 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎 while 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 represented both ś and š. This orthography persisted in later Aramaic even to the time of the Nabataeans, when the pronunciation of ś merged with that of s /s/.
So when a scribe wanted to write the Arabic sound /ʃ/ from ś, he did so by using 𐢝 / س purposefully in order to stick to a letter form that looks the same in the cognate Aramaic words. But when he wanted to write an Arabic sound /s/ from Proto-Semitic š, he would defy the Aramaic spelling for this Proto-Semitic phoneme were he to represent this Arabic phoneme by the sign 𐢖 / ס / 𐡎, whereas Arabic-Aramaic word pairs with the Proto-Semitic s are – somewhat by coincidence – rare and there was hence only negligible pressure to employ 𐢖 / ܣ / ס / 𐡎, in total. So the impression was that 𐢝 / ש / 𐡔 / س is the most typical sign to write /s/ while the other possible sign fell out of use.

#### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /siːn/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

#### Letter

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س • (sīn)
* The twelfth letter of the Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ز (z) and followed by ش (š).
* x, unknown mathematical variable

#### Symbol

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س • (sīn)
* The fifteenth letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ن (n) and followed by ع (ʕ).

#### See also

* Arabic script letters: حُرُوف (ḥurūf) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ث, ج, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ق, ك, ل, م, ن, ه, و, ي
* Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
* Search for entries beginning with س

#### References

* Diem, Werner (1980) “Untersuchungen zur frühen Geschichte der arabischen Orthographie: II. Die Schreibung der Konsonanten”, in Orientalia (in German), volume 49, number 1, →DOI, pages 77–81

### Etymology 2

Shortened form of سَوْفَ (sawfa).

#### Particle

سَـ • (sa-)
* will (prefix indicating the future tense)
    يَقْرَأُ كِتَابًا، سَيَقْرَأُ كِتَابًاyaqraʔu kitāban, sayaqraʔu kitābanHe is reading a book, he will read a book.

##### Synonyms

* سَوْفَ (sawfa)

## Balti
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s/, [s]

### Letter

س (transliteration needed)
* The twenty-fourth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

## Burushaski
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s/, [s]

### Letter

س (transliteration needed)
* The twenty-third letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s/, [s], [ɕ]

### Letter

س
* The sixteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.

#### Usage notes

* This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initials s- and sh-.

## Kashmiri
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /siːn/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (s)
* The twenty-third letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ژھ (ċh)
* Next letter: ش (ś)

## Kazakh
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /siːn/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (s)
* The eleventh letter of the Kazakh in Arabic Script. It represents the Cyrillic letter С.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ز
* Next letter: ش
* Arabic script letters: әріптер (ärıpter) (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, د, ر, ز, س, ش, ع, ف, ق, ك, گ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, ە, ھ, و, ۇ, ۋ, ۆ, ى, ي

## Khowar
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /sin/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س (sīn)
* The twenty-third letter of the Khowar abjad.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ݱ
* Next letter: ش

## Malay
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Name of letter, Johor-Selangor) IPA: [sen]
* (Phoneme) IPA: [s]

#### Letter

س / س‍ / ‍س‍ / ‍س
* The thirteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.

##### See also

* Arabic script letters (alphabet appendix, script appendix): ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ

### Etymology 2

Shortened form of اسا, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

#### Alternative forms

* esa
* ĕsă
* se (se-)
* sĕ (sĕ-)
* sa (sa-)
* să (să-)
* اسا

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sə]
* Rhymes: -sə, -ə

#### Numeral

س (Rumi spelling se)
* one

##### Synonyms

* satu / ساتو
* tunggal / توڠݢل
* eka (eka-) / ايک (ايک-)
* ahad / احد

##### Derived terms

* se- / س-

## Pashto
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /sin/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (sin)
* The twenty-first letter of the Pashto alphabet.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ږ
* Next letter: ش

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [siːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [siːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [siːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [siːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sin]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [siːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sin]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Letter

ﺱ / ﺳ‍ / ﺴ / ‍ﺲ • (sin)
* The fifteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ژ and followed by ش. Its name is سین.

## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* Gurmukhi letter: ਸ (sassā)

### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /siːn̪/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (sīn)
* The eighteenth letter of Punjabi in the Shahmukhi script.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ژ (žē)
* Next letter: ش (šīn)

## Sindhi
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /siːn/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (sīn)
* The twenty-ninth letter of the Sindhi abjad.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Arabic script letters: اکر (akharu) (script appendix): ا, ب, ٻ, ڀ, ت, ٿ, ٽ, ٺ, ث, پ, ج, ڄ, جھ, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڌ, ڏ, ڊ, ڍ, ذ, ر, ڙ, ڙھ, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ڦ, ق, ڪ, ک, گ, ڳ, گھ, ڱ, ل, م, ن, ڻ, و, ه, ء, ي
* Previous letter: ز
* Next letter: ش

## Urdu
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA: /siːn/
* (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (sīn)
* The eighteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ژ (ź)
* Next letter: ش (ś)

## Uyghur
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /se/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س • (se)
* The thirteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ژ (zh)
* Next letter: ش (sh)

## Yoruba
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): IPA: /sí/
* (phoneme): IPA: /s/

### Letter

س (s)
* The twentieth letter of the Yoruba alphabet in the ajami script, equivalent to Latin script s.

#### Forms

| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
| س | ـس | ـسـ | سـ |

#### See also

* Previous letter: ر
* Next letter: ش