# consilium
## Latin
### Etymology

From cōnsulō +‎ -ium. Compare cōnsidium.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /konˈsi.li.um/, [kõːˈs̠ɪlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /konˈsi.li.um/, [konˈsiːlium]

### Noun

cōnsilium n (genitive cōnsiliī or cōnsilī); second declension
* plan, intention, design, purpose
    Synonyms: voluntās, intentiō, propositum, fīnis, animus, mēns
    capere consilium/ inire consilium ― to take a resolution, to determine to perform a plan
** c. 50 BCE, Publilius Syrus, Sententiae :Malum est cōnsilium, quod mūtārī nōn potest.Bad is the plan, which can not be changed.
** c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.26:Cōnsilium cēperunt ex oppidō profugereAdopted a design to flee from the town
* counsel, advice
** 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.8.12:ego sapientia habitō in cōnsiliō et ērudītīs intersum cōgitātiōnibusI, wisdom, dwell in counsel, and am present in learned thoughts. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)
* determination, resolve, resolution
* council, advisory body
* judgment, wisdom
* measure (i.e., course of action)
* device, stratagem (esp. in battle)

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Related terms

* consiliarius

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: këshill
* Asturian: conseyu
* Catalan: consell
* Corsican: cunsigliu
* Franco-Provençal: consèly
* Old French: conseil
** → English: counsel
** French: conseil
* Friulian: consei
* Galician: consello
* Italian: consiglio
* Ladino: קונסיזﬞו (konsejo), consejo
* Portuguese: conselho, consílio
* Occitan: conselh
* Piedmontese: consèj
* → Romanian: consiliu
* → Russian: конси́лиум (konsílium)
* Sardinian: consígiu
* Sicilian: cunzigghiu
* Spanish: consejo, consilio
* Venetan: conséjo

#### See also

* concilium

### References

* “consilium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “consilium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "consilium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* consilium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to form a plan, make a resolution: consilium capere, inire (de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarely ut) to give up a project, an intention: consilio desistere to let a plan fall through: consilium abicere or deponere to be deterred from one's intention by something: a consilio deterreri aliqua re to adopt half-measures: mediocribus consiliis uti to alter one's views, intentions: consilium, sententiam mutare to go one's own way, proceed independently: suo consilio uti (1) to communicate one's plans to some one; (2) to make common cause with a person. Similarly c. causam, rationem: consilia cum aliquo communicare to take common counsel: consilia inter se communicare to consult a person, take his advice: aliquem in or ad consilium adhibere to deliberate together (of a number of people): consilium habere (de aliqua re) to be present at secret consultations: consiliis arcanis interesse (Liv. 35. 18) to give a person advice: consilium dare alicui to give a person the advantage of one's advice (and actual support): aliquem consilio (et re) iuvare I put myself at your disposal as regards advice: consilii mei copiam facio tibi to apply to a person for advice: consilium petere ab aliquo to be perplexed: consilii inopem esse advice is useless in this case; the situation is very embarrassing: omnia consilia frigent (Verr. 2. 25) without reflection; inconsiderately; rashly: nullo consilio, nulla ratione, temere I am undecided..: incertus sum, quid consilii capiam to abide by one's resolution: propositum, consilium tenere (opp. a proposito deterreri) to persevere in one's resolve: in proposito susceptoque consilio permanere to have recourse to extreme measures: descendere ad extrema consilia (Fam. 10. 33. 4) my intention is..: consilium est c. Inf. or ut with the intention of..: eo consilio, ea mente, ut to make virtue the standard in every thought and act: omnia consilia et facta ad virtutem referre (Phil. 10. 10. 20) to act reasonably, judiciously: prudenter, considerate, consilio agere (opp. temere, nullo consilio, nulla ratione) thought and deed: consilia et facta (cf. sect. X. 1, note For 'thoughts and deeds'...) statesmen: auctores consilii publici a man's policy is aiming at, directed towards..: alicuius in re publica or capessendae rei publicae consilia eo spectant, ut... a political ally: consiliorum in re publica socius the council of the nation; the senate: publicum consilium (Phil. 7.7. 19) to hold a council of war: consilium habere, convocare to refer a matter to a council of war: rem ad consilium deferre
* “consilium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “consilium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* Dizionario Latino, Olivetti