# puma
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puːmə/, /pjuːmə/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːmə
* Hyphenation: pu‧ma

### Noun

puma (plural pumas)
* A mountain lion or cougar (Puma concolor).
* (by extension) Any feline belonging to the genus Puma.
* (slang) A woman in her 20s or 30s who seeks relationships with younger men; a younger cougar.
** 2011, Donna McDonald, Dating A Cougar, →ISBN:“Younger can be good. How much younger?” Regina asked, inspecting the appetizer plates for any lingering bites. “I don't know,” Alexa said frowning. “Why does that matter?” “Less than eight years makes you a Puma. Over eight years makes you a Cougar,” Regina said wisely, grinning as Lauren nodded excitedly in agreement.

#### Descendants

* → Malay: puma
* → Swedish: puma

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* paum, upma

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Classical Quechua puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈpu.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈpu.ma]

### Noun

puma m (plural pumes)
* puma

### Further reading

* “puma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Classical Quechua
### Alternative forms

* poma (Hispanic spelling)

### Etymology

From Proto-Quechuan *puma. Cognate with Quechua puma.

### Noun

puma
* puma, cougar, mountain lion (Puma concolor).

#### Descendants

* → Spanish: puma (see there for further descendants)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpuma]

### Etymology 1

Possibly via German Puma, ultimately from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

#### Noun

puma f (relational adjective pumí)
* cougar, puma

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

puma f (relational adjective pumový)
* bomb

##### Declension
### Further reading

* “puma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “puma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Noun

puma c (singular definite pumaen, plural indefinite pumaer)
* puma; cougar; mountain lion (Puma concolor)
    Synonym: (rare) bjergløve

#### Declension
### References

* “puma” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Faroese
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Puma, from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʰuːma/
* Rhymes: -uːma

### Noun

puma f (genitive singular pumu, plural pumur)
* puma, cougar (Puma concolor)

#### Declension
### See also

* puma on the Faroese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{fo}$

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechuan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /py.ma/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

puma m (plural pumas)
* puma (mammal)

#### Descendants

* → Romanian: puma

### Further reading

* “puma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Puma, from Spanish puma, from Quechuan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpumɒ]
* Hyphenation: pu‧ma
* Rhymes: -mɒ

### Noun

puma (plural pumák)
* puma, cougar (Puma concolor)

#### Declension
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpu.ma/
* Rhymes: -uma
* Hyphenation: pù‧ma

### Noun

puma m (invariable)
* puma

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* ڤوما

### Etymology

Borrowed from English puma, from Quechuan puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pumə], [pumɐ]
* Rhymes: -umə, -mə, -ə

### Noun

puma (Jawi spelling ڤوما, plural puma-puma)
* puma (mountain lion); cougar (Puma concolor)

#### Synonyms

* kugar / کوݢر

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Noun

puma m (definite singular pumaen, indefinite plural pumaer, definite plural pumaene)
* a puma, Puma concolor

### References

* “puma” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “puma” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Noun

puma m (definite singular pumaen, indefinite plural pumaer or pumaar, definite plural pumaene or pumaane)
* a puma, Puma concolor

### References

* “puma” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpu.ma/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: pu‧ma

### Noun

puma f
* puma, cougar
    Synonym: kuguar

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “puma”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “puma”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “puma”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

### Further reading

* puma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* puma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpũ.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpũ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈpu.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈpu.mɐ/
* Rhymes: -umɐ
* Hyphenation: pu‧ma

### Noun

puma m or (nonstandard) f (plural pumas)
* puma; cougar; mountain lion (Puma concolor, a large feline of the Americas)
    Synonyms: onça-parda, suçuarana, leão-baio, leão-da-montanha

### References

* ↑ “puma”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* ↑ “puma”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Quechua
### Etymology

Proto-Quechuan *puma; compare Classical Quechua puma.

### Noun

puma
* puma; cougar; mountain lion (Puma concolor, a large feline of the Americas)

#### Derived terms

* Pumachaka
* Pumak'uchu
* Pumakancha
* Pumakurku
* Pumamarka
* Pumaorqo
* Pumaphaqcha
* Pumaqchupan
* Pumaqhawa
* pumasqa
* Pumawasi

#### Descendants

* → Spanish: puma
** → Bulgarian: пума (puma)
** → Catalan: puma
** → Danish: puma
** → English: puma
*** → Malay: puma
*** → Swedish: puma
** → Estonian: puuma
** → French: puma
*** → Romanian: puma
** → German: Puma
*** →? Czech: puma
*** → Faroese: puma
*** → Finnish: puuma
*** → Hungarian: puma
*** →? Swedish: puma
** → Greek: πούμα (poúma)
** → Icelandic: púma
** → Irish: púma
** → Italian: puma
** → Macedonian: пума (puma)
** → Norwegian: puma
** → Polish: puma
** → Portuguese: puma
** → Russian: пу́ма (púma)
** → Serbo-Croatian: pȕma / пу̏ма
** → Sicilian: puma
** → Slovak: puma
** → Slovene: púma
** → Swedish: puma
** → Translingual: Puma (see there for further descendants)
* Translingual: Puma

### References

* Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua (2005) Diccionario quechua-español-quechua/Qheswa-español-qheswa simi taqe‎, Cuzco: Regional Government of Cuzco

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French puma.

### Noun

puma f (uncountable)
* puma

#### Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pûma/
* Hyphenation: pu‧ma

### Noun

pȕma f (Cyrillic spelling пу̏ма)
* puma

#### Declension
## Sicilian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpu.ma/, [ˈpuːmä]
* Hyphenation: pù‧ma

### Etymology 1

From Latin pōma, plural of pōmum (“fruit”).

#### Noun

puma m
* plural of pumu

##### Descendants

* Sicilian: Puma (Sicilian surname)
** → Italian: Puma

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

#### Noun

puma m
* cougar, mountain lion, puma (Puma concolor)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpuma]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.

#### Noun

puma f
* puma, cougar (Puma concolor)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Slovak puma. Borrowed from Germanic.

#### Noun

puma f (relational adjective pumový)
* bomb

##### Declension
### See also

* puma on the Slovak Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{sk}$

### Further reading

* “puma”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pùːma/

### Noun

púma f
* puma, mountain lion (Puma concolor)

#### Inflection
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Quechua puma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuma/ [ˈpu.ma]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: pu‧ma

### Noun

puma m (plural pumas)
* cougar, mountain lion, puma (Puma concolor)

#### Descendants

* → Bulgarian: пума (puma)
* → Catalan: puma
* → Danish: puma
* → English: puma
** → Malay: puma
** → Swedish: puma
* → Estonian: puuma
* → French: puma
** → Romanian: puma
* → German: Puma
** →? Czech: puma
** → Faroese: puma
** → Finnish: puuma
** → Hungarian: puma
** →? Swedish: puma
* → Greek: πούμα (poúma)
* → Icelandic: púma
* → Irish: púma
* → Italian: puma
* → Macedonian: пума (puma)
* → Norwegian: puma
* → Polish: puma
* → Portuguese: puma
* → Russian: пу́ма (púma)
* → Serbo-Croatian: pȕma / пу̏ма
* → Sicilian: puma
* → Slovak: puma
* → Slovene: púma
* → Swedish: puma
* → Translingual: Puma (see there for further descendants)

### Further reading

* “puma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swahili
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-puma (infinitive kupuma)
* to exhale
* to throb, pulsate

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -puma :
| Positive present | -napuma |
| Subjunctive | -pume |
| Negative | -pumi |
| Imperative singular | puma |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kupuma |
| Negative | kutopuma |
Imperatives :
| Singular | puma |
| Plural | pumeni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hupuma |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lipuma |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kupuma |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tapuma |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tapuma |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sipume |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngepuma |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singepuma |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalipuma |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalipuma |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mepuma |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshapuma |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -japuma |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kipuma |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipopuma |
| Consecutive | kapuma / positive subject concord + -kapuma |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kapume |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Conversive: -pumua (“to breathe; to rest”)

## Swazi
### Verb

-puma
* to burst

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Swedish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English puma. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Noun

puma c
* a cougar (Puma concolor)
* (slang) a cougar; a woman who is attractive despite her age

#### See also

* MILF

### References

* puma in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* puma in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* puma in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)