# فهم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fa.hi.ma/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

فَهِمَ • (fahima) I (non-past يَفْهَمُ (yafhamu), verbal noun فَهْم (fahm))
* to understand
    بِفَضْلِ الدُّرُوسِ الْجَيِّدَةِ، يُمْكِنُنِي فَهْمُ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ بِشَكْلٍ أَفْضَلَ الْآنَ.bifaḍli d-durūsi l-jayyidati, yumkinunī fahmu l-luḡati l-ʕarabiyyati bišaklin ʔafḍala l-ʔāna.Thanks to the good lessons, I can understand the Arabic language better now.
** a. 897, Al-Buḥturiyy, edited by Ḥasan Kāmil Al-Ṣayrafiyy, ديوان البحتري (Ḏaḵāʾir al-ʿArab), 3rd edition, volume 2, Dār al-Maʿārif, →ISBN, page 955:عَلَيَّ نَحْتُ ٱلْقَوَافِي مِنْ مَقَاطِعِهَا / وَمَا عَلَيَّ لَهُمْ أَنْ تَفْهَمَ ٱلْبَقَرُʕalayya naḥtu l-qawāfī min maqāṭiʕihā / wamā ʕalayya lahum ʔan tafhama l-baqaru(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to learn
* to observe
* to comprehend

##### Descendants

* Maltese: fehem
* → Persian: فهمیدن (fahmidan) (partly also from the noun below)
* → Northern Kurdish: fehm kirin, fehimîn, fehmandin
* → Southern Kurdish: فەمین (femîn)
* → Swahili: -fahamu

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fah.ha.ma/

#### Verb

فَهَّمَ • (fahhama) II (non-past يُفَهِّمُ (yufahhimu), verbal noun تَفْهِيم (tafhīm))
* (ditransitive) to cause to understand
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 21:79:فَفَهَّمۡنَـٰهَا سُلَيۡمَـٰنَfafahhamnāhā sulaymāna(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fahm/

#### Noun

فَهْم • (fahm) m (plural فُهُوم (fuhūm) or أَفْهَام (ʔafhām))
* verbal noun of فَهِمَ (fahima) (form I)
* understanding, comprehension

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: ֆահմ (fahm), ֆայմ (faym)
* → Azerbaijani: fəhm
* → Kazakh: пайым (paiym)
* → Kyrgyz: баам (baam)
* → Malay: faham, paham
** Indonesian: faham → paham
** → Urak Lawoi': ปาฮับ (pahap)
* → Persian: فهم (fahm)
* → Swahili: fahamu
* → Tajik: фаҳм (fahm)
* → Ottoman Turkish: فهم (fehm)
** Turkish: fehim
* → Uzbek: fahm

### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “فهم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

فهم (usually uncountable, definite accusative فهمی)
* Arabic spelling of fəhm (“understanding”)

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic فَهِمَ (fahima).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

فهم • (fihim) I (non-past يفهم (yifham))
* to understand
    انتي بتفهمي؟ (to a woman) ― inti bitifhami? ― Do you understand?
    انت بتفهم؟ (to a man) ― inta bitifham? ― Do you understand?
    أنا مبفهمش. ― ana mabafhamš. ― I don't understand.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

## Malay
### Noun

فهم
* Jawi spelling of faham‎.

### Verb

فهم
* Jawi spelling of faham‎.

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَهْم (fahm).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [fahm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fäɦm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fäɦm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [fɑːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [fɔːm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fæɦm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [fäɦm]

### Noun

فَهم • (fahm)
* understanding
* comprehension
* intellect

#### Synonyms

* ادراک (edrâk)
* شعور (šo'ur)

#### Derived terms

* فهمیدن (fahmidan, verb)
* فهمیده (fahmide)
* نفهم (nafahm)
* خرفهم (xarfahm)

#### Related terms

* فهیم (fahim)
* فهیمه (fahime)
* مفهوم (mafhum)
* تفهیم (tafhim)
* تفاهم (tafâhom)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic فَهِمَ (fahima).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi.him/, [ˈfi.hɪm]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

فهم • (fihim) I (present بفهم (bifham), active participle فاهم (fāhem))
* to understand
    بتفهم عربي؟ ― btifham ʕarabi? ― Do you understand Arabic?
    فاهم علي؟fāhem ʕalay?Do you see what I mean?(literally, “Do you understand me?”)
    أهلي ما بفهموش علي. ― ahli ma bifhamūš ʕalay. ― My parents don't understand me.
    ما فهمتش ولا كلمة. ― ma fhimtš wala kilme. ― I didn't understand a single word.

##### Conjugation
#### See also

* فهمان (fahmān, “knowledgeable”)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic فَهَّمَ (fahhama).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fah.ham/, [ˈfah.ham]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

فهّم • (fahham) II (present بفهّم (bifahhem))
* (transitive) to make someone understand
    Synonym: شرح (šaraḥ, “to explain”)