# inertia
## English
### Etymology

From Latin inertia (“lack of art or skill, inactivity, indolence”), from iners (“unskilled, inactive”), from in- (“without, not”) + ars (“skill, art”). The modern physics sense was first used in New Latin by Johannes Kepler.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, General Australian) IPA: /ɪnˈɜː.ʃə/, /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ɪnˈɝ.ʃə/, /ɪˈnɝ.ʃə/
** Audio (New Jersey):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)ʃə

### Noun

inertia (countable and uncountable, plural inertias or inertiae or inertiæ)
* (physics, uncountable or countable) The property of a body that resists any change to its uniform motion; equivalent to its mass.
* (figuratively) In a person, unwillingness to take action.
** 1837, Thomas Carlyle, chapter II, in The French Revolution: A History […], volume III (The Guillotine), London: James Fraser, […], →OCLC, book IV (Terror):Men […] have immense irresolution and inertia.
** 1970 August 12 [1969 January 15], John Womack, Jr., Zapata and the Mexican Revolution‎, New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 261:Not all the surviving veteran chiefs would actually fight. Some remained nominally in the resistance but in practice delayed at their bases, pretexting a lack of ammunition for their uncertain inertia.
** 2014 March 9, Jacob Steinberg, “Wigan shock Manchester City in FA Cup again to reach semi-finals”, in The Guardian:City had been woeful, their anger at their own inertia summed up when Samir Nasri received a booking for dissent, and they did not have a shot on target until the 66th minute.
* (medicine) Lack of activity; sluggishness; said especially of the uterus, when, in labour, its contractions have nearly or wholly ceased.

#### Synonyms

* (unwillingness to take action): idleness, laziness, sloth, slothfulness

#### Derived terms

* bureaucratic inertia
* center of inertia
* centre of inertia
* inertial
* inertia selling
* inertia time
* inertia welding
* moment of inertia
* practico-inertia
* uterine inertia

#### Related terms

* inert
* inertness

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “inertia”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “inertia”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “inertia”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* iranite

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Latin inertia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈinertiɑ/, [ˈine̞rˌt̪iɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -iɑ
* Hyphenation: iner‧tia

### Noun

inertia
* inertia
    Synonyms: hitaus, vitka, jatkavuus

#### Declension

Possessive forms of inertia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
inertiani
inertiani
accusative
nom.
inertiani
inertiani
gen.
inertiani
genitive
inertiani
inertioideni inertioitteni inertiaini $^{rare}$
partitive
inertiaani
inertioitani
inessive
inertiassani
inertioissani
elative
inertiastani
inertioistani
illative
inertiaani
inertioihini
adessive
inertiallani
inertioillani
ablative
inertialtani
inertioiltani
allative
inertialleni
inertioilleni
essive
inertianani
inertioinani
translative
inertiakseni
inertioikseni
abessive
inertiattani
inertioittani
instructive
comitative
—inertioineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
inertiasi
inertiasi
accusative
nom.
inertiasi
inertiasi
gen.
inertiasi
genitive
inertiasi
inertioidesi inertioittesi inertiaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
inertiaasi
inertioitasi
inessive
inertiassasi
inertioissasi
elative
inertiastasi
inertioistasi
illative
inertiaasi
inertioihisi
adessive
inertiallasi
inertioillasi
ablative
inertialtasi
inertioiltasi
allative
inertiallesi
inertioillesi
essive
inertianasi
inertioinasi
translative
inertiaksesi
inertioiksesi
abessive
inertiattasi
inertioittasi
instructive
comitative
—inertioinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
inertiamme
inertiamme
accusative
nom.
inertiamme
inertiamme
gen.
inertiamme
genitive
inertiamme
inertioidemme inertioittemme inertiaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
inertiaamme
inertioitamme
inessive
inertiassamme
inertioissamme
elative
inertiastamme
inertioistamme
illative
inertiaamme
inertioihimme
adessive
inertiallamme
inertioillamme
ablative
inertialtamme
inertioiltamme
allative
inertiallemme
inertioillemme
essive
inertianamme
inertioinamme
translative
inertiaksemme
inertioiksemme
abessive
inertiattamme
inertioittamme
instructive
comitative
—inertioinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
inertianne
inertianne
accusative
nom.
inertianne
inertianne
gen.
inertianne
genitive
inertianne
inertioidenne inertioittenne inertiainne $^{rare}$
partitive
inertiaanne
inertioitanne
inessive
inertiassanne
inertioissanne
elative
inertiastanne
inertioistanne
illative
inertiaanne
inertioihinne
adessive
inertiallanne
inertioillanne
ablative
inertialtanne
inertioiltanne
allative
inertiallenne
inertioillenne
essive
inertiananne
inertioinanne
translative
inertiaksenne
inertioiksenne
abessive
inertiattanne
inertioittanne
instructive
comitative
—inertioinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
inertiansa
inertiansa
accusative
nom.
inertiansa
inertiansa
gen.
inertiansa
genitive
inertiansa
inertioidensa inertioittensa inertiainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
inertiaansa
inertioitaan inertioitansa
inessive
inertiassaan inertiassansa
inertioissaan inertioissansa
elative
inertiastaan inertiastansa
inertioistaan inertioistansa
illative
inertiaansa
inertioihinsa
adessive
inertiallaan inertiallansa
inertioillaan inertioillansa
ablative
inertialtaan inertialtansa
inertioiltaan inertioiltansa
allative
inertialleen inertiallensa
inertioilleen inertioillensa
essive
inertianaan inertianansa
inertioinaan inertioinansa
translative
inertiakseen inertiaksensa
inertioikseen inertioiksensa
abessive
inertiattaan inertiattansa
inertioittaan inertioittansa
instructive
comitative
—inertioineen inertioinensa :

#### Derived terms

* inertiaohjaus

### Further reading

* “inertia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *enartjā. Related to iners (“without skill; inactive”), from in- (“not”) + ars (“art, skill”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /iˈner.ti.a/, [ɪˈnɛrt̪iä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /iˈner.t͡si.a/, [iˈnɛrt̪͡s̪iä]

### Noun

inertia f (genitive inertiae); first declension
* want of art or skill, unskillfulness, ignorance
    Antonyms: calliditās, sapientia
* (by extension) inactivity, idleness, laziness, indolence
    Synonyms: pigritia, sēgnitia, ignāvia, dēsidia, sōcordia, ōtium
    Antonyms: impigritās, alacritās, strēnuitās, āctīvitās

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* iners
* inersitūdō
* inerticulus

#### Descendants

* Catalan: inèrcia
* English: inertia
* French: inertie
* Galician: inercia
* Italian: inerzia
* Occitan: inercia
* Portuguese: inércia
* Romanian: inerție
* Russian: ине́рция (inércija)
* Spanish: inercia

### References

* “inertia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “inertia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "inertia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* inertia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

inertia m (definite singular inertiaen, indefinite plural inertiaer, definite plural inertiaene)
* form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by inerti