# پیر
## Baluchi
### Adjective

پیر • (pír)
* old

## Central Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piːɾ/

### Adjective

| Northern Kurdish | pîr |
پیر (pîr)
* old (of living things)

#### Derived terms

* باپیر (bapîr)
* داپیر (dapîr)
* پیری (pîrî)
* پیرەزا (pîreza)
* پیرەمێرد (pîremêrd)
* پیرەژن (pîrejin)

## Gilaki
### Noun

پیر (pe:r)
* father

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐬞𐬌𐬭 (pyl /⁠pīr⁠/, “old, aged, ancient”), from Proto-Iranian *paru- (“ash-gray, pale gray, hoary”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás (“gray”); compare Sanskrit परुष (paruṣa, “spotted, rough”) and English pale.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [piːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰiːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰiːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰiːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰiɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pʰiːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iːr

#### Adjective

پیر • (pir) (comparative پیرتَر (pir-tar), superlative پیرتَرین (pir-tarin))
* old, aged (of living things; see also قدیمی (qadimi) for non-living things)
    Synonyms: (more respectful) مُسِن (mosen, “elderly”), (more formal) سال‌خورده (sâl-xorde, “senior”), کُهَن‌سال (kohan-sâl, “very old, centenarian”)
    آموزگارِ پیر ― âmuzgâr-e pir ― aged teacher
    درختِ پیر ― deraxt-e pir ― old tree

##### Usage notes

When used with the words مرد (mard, “man”) and زن (zan, “woman”), پیر (pir) usually precedes them and forms compounds:
* پیرمرد (pir-(e)-mard, “old man”)
* پیرزن (pir-(e)-zan, “old woman”)
which are more common than مردِ پیر (mard-e pir) and زنِ پیر (zan-e pir)

##### Inflection

$^△$ Colloquial.

##### Derived terms

* پیری (piri)
* پیرزن (pir-e-zan, pir-zan)
* پیرمرد (pir-e-mard, pir-mard)
* گنده‌پیر (gande-pir)

#### Noun

پیر • (pir)
* (Sufism) Pir, Sheikh

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: pir
* → Bengali: পীর (pīr)
* → English: pir
* → Saraiki: پیر (pīr)
* → Sylheti: ꠙꠤꠞ (fir)
* → Urdu: پیر (pīr)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* (Herati) IPA: /piˈjæɾ/

#### Noun

پیر • (piyar)
* (dialectal, Herati) colloquial form of پدر (padar, “father”)

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 172

## Punjabi
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-), from Sanskrit पद (pada, “foot”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /pɛːɾ/

#### Noun

پَیر • (pair) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੈਰ)
* (anatomy) foot
* footing, foothold
* footprint, footstep
* podium, base
* basis, foundation

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پِیر (pīr). Sense 3 is a semantic loan from Urdu پِیر (pīr, “Monday”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /piːɾ/

#### Noun

پِیر • (pīr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੀਰ)
* saint
* old man
* (uncommon) Monday – synonym of سومْوَار (somvār)

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “padara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “پَیر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
* ↑ “ਪੈਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
* ↑ Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “پِیر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
* ↑ “ਪੀਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

### Further reading

* Bashir, Kanwal (2012) “پیر”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press

## Saraiki
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit पद (pada, “foot”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peːɾ/

#### Noun

پیر (per) m
* (anatomy) foot

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پیر (pīr, “old”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piːɾ/

#### Noun

پِیر (pīr) m
* (Sufism) saint, mystic

## Urdu
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-), from Sanskrit पद (pada, “foot”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /pɛːɾ/
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛːɾ

#### Noun

پَیر • (pair) m (Hindi spelling पैर)
* foot
* footprint

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پِیر (pīr).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /piːɾ/
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːɾ

#### Noun

پِیر • (pīr) m (Hindi spelling पीर)
* old man
* (Sufism) saint, mystic
* Monday
    Synonym: دو شنبہ (do-śanba)

##### Declension
#### See also

* days of the week: ہَفْتے کے دِن (hafte ke din) (appendix): اِتْوَار (itvār) · پِیر (pīr) · مَن٘گَل (maṅgal) · بُدھ (budh) · جُمِعْرات (jumi'rāt) · جُمْعَہ (jum'a) · ہَفْتَہ (hafta)

### References

* “پیر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*padara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 438

## Ushojo
### Noun

پیر (per)
* jinn, ghost