OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kumagaya
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 熊谷 (Kumagaya).

### Proper noun

Kumagaya
* A city in Saitama prefecture, Japan.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Kumagaya on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Japanese
### Romanization

Kumagaya
* Rōmaji transcription of くまがや
# reassure
## English
### Alternative forms

* re-assure

### Etymology

From Old French rasseürer (French rassurer), from re- + asseürer; as if re- +‎ assure.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊə(ɹ)/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/, /ˌɹi.əˈʃɝ/
* Rhymes: -ʊə(ɹ)

### Verb

reassure (third-person singular simple present reassures, present participle reassuring, simple past and past participle reassured)
* (transitive) To assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or self-doubt.
    The boy's mother reassured him that there was no monster hiding under the bed.
** 2022 August 13, Sarah Wu, David Kirton, Ben Blanchard, quoting Tsai Ing-wen, “Taiwan thanks U.S. for maintaining security in Taiwan Strait”, in Tom Hogue, Michael Perry, William Mallard, editors, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 13 August 2022, World:"Taiwanese are very enthusiastic and love freedom and democracy, so many good international friends have come to Taiwan to support us. This is a normal and good thing, but China threatens and intimidates Taiwan," she said. "However, I would like to reassure everyone that both our government and the military are prepared, and I will definitely take care of Taiwan."
* (transitive) To reinsure.

#### Related terms

* reassurance

#### Translations
### References

* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “reassure”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “reassure”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* erasures
# Ishigaki
## English
### Etymology

From Japanese 石垣(いしがき) (ishigaki).

### Proper noun

Ishigaki
* A city in Okinawa prefecture, Japan.
# вище
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vyšьjь, вищий (vyščyj) +‎ -е (-e)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʋɪʃt͡ʃe]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

ви́ще • (výšče)
* nominative/accusative neuter singular of ви́щий (výščyj)

### Adverb

ви́ще • (výšče)
* comparative degree of ви́со́ко (výsóko)
    Antonym: ни́жче (nýžče)

#### Derived terms

* вищеви́кладений (vyščevýkladenyj)
* вищезазна́чений (vyščezaznáčenyj)
* вищезга́даний (vyščezhádanyj)
* вищенаве́дений (vyščenavédenyj)
* вищена́званий (vyščenázvanyj)
* вищеперелі́чений (vyščeperelíčenyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вище”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “вище”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “вище”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# budov
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbudof]

### Noun

budov
* genitive plural of budova
# readout
## English
### Alternative forms

* read-out

### Etymology

Deverbal of read out.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹiːdaʊt/

### Noun

readout (plural readouts)
* A display, particularly one that presents numerical data.
    Her company retrofitted its manual machine tools with digital readouts.
* The information, usually a measurement, shown on such a display.
    The density is measured by the readout from a hydrometer.
* (computing) The information output from a computer in a readable form.
    The computer readout was inaccurate.
* An account of the topics discussed in a meeting, especially in diplomatic or political contexts.
    Most of us first found out when we heard the readout from the summit meeting.
** 2018 July 24, Kaitlan Collins, “Exclusive: White House stops announcing calls with foreign leaders”, in CNN‎:Once the call is over, both sides typically publish a readout of what was discussed. However, readouts have been known to differ between governments.
** 2025 February 12, Kaitlan Collins and Kevin Liptak, “After Putin call, Trump says negotiations to end Ukraine war will start ‘immediately’”, in CNN‎:In a readout of the conversation posted on Truth Social, Trump said, “We discussed Ukraine, the Middle East, Energy, Artificial Intelligence, the power of the Dollar, and various other subjects.”

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* outarde, outdare, outread
# Ցոլակ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian Ցոլակ (Cʻolak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡sʰoˈlɑk/, [t͡sʰolɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡soˈlɑɡ/, [t͡sʰolɑ́ɡ]

### Proper noun

Ցոլակ • (Cʻolak)
* an Armenian male given name, Tsolak or Tsolag, from Old Armenian

#### Derived terms

* Ցոլակյան (Cʻolakyan)

### References

* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1962) “Ցոլակ”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: University Press, page 182

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From ցոլ (cʻol, “shine”) +‎ -ակ (-ak, diminutive suffix). Compare Փայլակ (Pʻaylak).

### Proper noun

Ցոլակ • (Cʻolak)
* an Armenian male given name, Tsolak

#### Derived terms

* Ցոլակերտ (Cʻolakert)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: Ցոլակ (Cʻolak) (learned)

### References

* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1962) “Ցոլակ”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), volume V, Yerevan: University Press, page 182
# ovčín
## Czech
### Etymology

From ovce +‎ -ín.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoft͡ʃiːn]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: ov‧čín

### Noun

ovčín m inan
* sheepfold, sheep pen (enclosure where sheep are kept)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “ovčín”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ovčín”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “ovčín”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# tartışmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish طارتشمق (tartışmak). Compare Old Turkic [script needed] (tartış-) ("to be in a competition"). Equivalent to tart- +‎ -ış.

### Verb

tartışmak (third-person singular simple present tartışır)
* (reciprocal) to discuss, dispute, argue, debate
    Onunla konuştukça tartışıyoruz. ― Every time I talk to him we argue.

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* tartışma

### References

* ↑ "tartışmak" - nişanyansözlük
# atmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آتمق (atmak, “to cast, throw, eject, shoot, fire”), from Proto-Turkic *at-, *ạt- (“to throw, shoot”).
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (at-), Azerbaijani atmaq (“to shoot, throw”), Chuvash ывӑтма (yvătma, “to throw”), Kazakh ату (atu, “to shoot”), Kyrgyz атуу (atuu, “to shoot, fire”), Turkmen atmak (“to throw”), Tuvan адар (adar, “to shoot”), Uyghur ئاتماق (atmaq, “to throw, shoot”), Uzbek otmoq (“to shoot, eject”), Yakut ыт (ıt, “to shoot, fire”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /atˈmak/
* Hyphenation: at‧mak
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -mɑk

### Verb

atmak (third-person singular simple present atar)
* (transitive) to throw, cast, fire
    Bana kartopu attılar.They threw a snowball at me.
* (transitive) to throw away, discard
* (transitive) abandon, give up
* (transitive) to reject, expel
* (transitive) to impute, to blame on
* (intransitive, frequently with yalan) to lie, make up stories
    Yalan atma !Don’t lie!
* (intransitive) to pulsate, beat
    Kalbi atıyor mu?Is his heart beating?

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* adım atmak
* atabilmek
* atak
* atamamak
* atar
* atıcı
* atık
* atılgan
* atılmak
* atım
* atıp tutmak
* atış
* atışmak
* atma
* atmık
* attırmak
* beniz atmak
* demir atmak
* göz atmak
* imza atmak
* laf atmak
* tarih atmak
* topu atmak

#### See also

* bırakmak
* nabız
* yalan söylemek

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2015-07-06) “at-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*p`ā̀t`à”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
# kurmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قورمق (kurmak), from Proto-Turkic *kur- (“to erect (a building), to establish”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

kurmak (third-person singular simple present kurar)
* to assemble
* to wind a clock
* to set a table
* to set a trap
* to create
* to found an organization

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Related terms

* kurucu (“founder”)

#### Descendants

* → Ladino: kurear, kurdear
# sevmek
## Crimean Tatar

Other scripts :
| Cyrillic | севмек |
| Roman | |

### Alternative forms

* süymek (Northern dialect)

### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish سومك (sevmek, “to love, caress”), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *seb- (“to love, like”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sev‧mek

### Verb

sevmek
* to love
* to like

#### Conjugation

$^{1)}$Only used for repeatings of a verb.

#### Related terms

* sevgi

### References

* “sevmek”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish سومك (sevmek, “to love, caress”), from Proto-Turkic *seb- (“to love, like”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sev.ˈmec/, [seʋˈmec], [seːˈmec] (fast, colloquial speech)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sev‧mek

### Verb

sevmek (third-person singular simple present sever)
* (transitive) to love
    Seni seviyorum. ― I love you.
* (transitive) to like, enjoy
    Uyumayı severim. ― I like sleeping.
* (transitive) to care, fondle, caress, pet

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* sevdicek
* sevdik
* sevdirmek
* sevebilmek
* sevecen
* sevememek
* seven
* sever
* sevesi
* sevgi
* sevi
* sevici
* sevili
* sevilmek
* sevim
* sevinç
* sevinmek
* seviş
* sevişmek
* sevme
* sevmez
# gelmek
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish گلمك (gelmek, “to come”), from Proto-Turkic *kẹl-mek (“to come”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰠 (kel-, “to come”), Karakhanid کَلْماكْ (kelmēk, “to come”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɟæʎ̟ˈmɛc]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

gelmek (third-person singular simple present gelir)
* (intransitive) to come, move closer
    eve gelmek ― to come home
* (idiomatic, intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)
* (impersonal) to seem, to appear [with dative]
    bana çok soğuk geldi ― it is too cold for me
    bana öyle geliyor ki ... ― it seems to me that ...
    ... gibi geliyor ― it seems like ...
    ... gibime geliyor ― it seems to me like ...
* Used idiomatically in some expressions
    bir şeyi duymazlıktan gelmek ― pretend not to hear something
    bir şeyi görmezlikten gelmek ― pretend not to see something
    bir şeye denk gelmek ― to correspond to something
    bir şeyin üstesinden gelmek ― to overcome something
* (impersonal) to feel like doing something [with -ası and possessive]
    Hiç gidesim gelmiyor. ― I do not feel like going at all.
    Yapasın gelmiyor mu? Ah, ne yazık, hadi artık. ― You don't feel like doing it? Oh, how tragic, c'mon, let's go.

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Antonyms

* gitmek

#### Derived terms

* gelebilmek
* gelecek
* gelememek
* gelenek
* gelgit
* gelici
* gelim
* gelinmek
* gelir
* geliş
* gelişmek
* gelme
* gelmemek
* gelmez
* getirmek

## Turkmen
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kẹl-mek (“to come”).

### Verb

gelmek
* to come
# asmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آصمق (asmak, “to hang up, suspend”), from Proto-Turkic *as- (“to hang”).
Cognate with Karakhanid [script needed] (asmāk, “to hang”), Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽰𐽻𐽹𐽰𐽷 (asmak, “to hang”), Azerbaijani asmaq (“to hang”), Bashkir аҫыу (aśıw, “to hang”), Chuvash усма (usma, “to lower, move down”), Kazakh асу (asu, “to hang”), Kyrgyz асуу (asuu, “to hang”), Southern Altai азар (azar, “to hang”), Tatar асу (asu, “to hang”), Turkmen asmak (“to hang up, suspend”), Tuvan азар (azar, “to hang”), Uyghur ئاسماق (asmaq, “to hang”), Uzbek osmoq (“to hang”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

asmak (third-person singular simple present asar)
* (transitive) to hang, to suspend, to hang up, to append
* (transitive) to drape, to drape over, to sling
* (transitive) to string up, to truss
* (transitive) to hook
* (transitive) to hang, to execute
* to act despotically; to play the tyrant
* to play hooky, to skip class
* to neglect

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* asabilmek
* asacak
* asalak
* asamamak
* asıcı
* asık
* asılı
* asım
* asış
* askı
* askıntı
* asma
* asmamak

#### Related terms

* asılmak
* asışmak
* astırmak

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*as-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
# bağırmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish بغرمق, باغرمق (bağırmak), from Proto-Oghuz [Term?] (*bakır-), from Proto-Turkic [Term?] (*barkır-). Onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

bağırmak (third-person singular simple present bağırır)
* to shout (shout loudly)

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* bağırışmak

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بغرمق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 372
* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “باغرمق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 330
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bağırmak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# anlatmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish آڭلاتمق (añlatmak). By surface analysis, anlamak (“to understand”) +‎ -t (causative suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑn.ɫɑt.ˈmɑk/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

anlatmak (third-person singular simple present anlatır)
* to tell
* to explain (make someone understand)

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* anlatma
* anlatım
* anlatıcı (“narrator”)

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “anlat-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# çakmak
## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish چاقماق (çakmak).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tʃakˈmak]

### Noun

çakmak m (plural çakmakë, definite çakmaku, definite plural çakmakët)
* lighter (fire-making device)

#### Declension
## Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish چاقماق (çakmak).

#### Noun

çakmak (definite accusative çakmağı, plural çakmaklar)
* lighter (fire-making device)

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
çakmak
çakmaklar
definite accusative
çakmağı
çakmakları
dative
çakmağa
çakmaklara
locative
çakmakta
çakmaklarda
ablative
çakmaktan
çakmaklardan
genitive
çakmağın
çakmakların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağım
çakmaklarım
2nd singular
çakmağın
çakmakların
3rd singular
çakmağı
çakmakları
1st plural
çakmağımız
çakmaklarımız
2nd plural
çakmağınız
çakmaklarınız
3rd plural
çakmakları
çakmakları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağımı
çakmaklarımı
2nd singular
çakmağını
çakmaklarını
3rd singular
çakmağını
çakmaklarını
1st plural
çakmağımızı
çakmaklarımızı
2nd plural
çakmağınızı
çakmaklarınızı
3rd plural
çakmaklarını
çakmaklarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağıma
çakmaklarıma
2nd singular
çakmağına
çakmaklarına
3rd singular
çakmağına
çakmaklarına
1st plural
çakmağımıza
çakmaklarımıza
2nd plural
çakmağınıza
çakmaklarınıza
3rd plural
çakmaklarına
çakmaklarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağımda
çakmaklarımda
2nd singular
çakmağında
çakmaklarında
3rd singular
çakmağında
çakmaklarında
1st plural
çakmağımızda
çakmaklarımızda
2nd plural
çakmağınızda
çakmaklarınızda
3rd plural
çakmaklarında
çakmaklarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağımdan
çakmaklarımdan
2nd singular
çakmağından
çakmaklarından
3rd singular
çakmağından
çakmaklarından
1st plural
çakmağımızdan
çakmaklarımızdan
2nd plural
çakmağınızdan
çakmaklarınızdan
3rd plural
çakmaklarından
çakmaklarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
çakmağımın
çakmaklarımın
2nd singular
çakmağının
çakmaklarının
3rd singular
çakmağının
çakmaklarının
1st plural
çakmağımızın
çakmaklarımızın
2nd plural
çakmağınızın
çakmaklarınızın
3rd plural
çakmaklarının
çakmaklarının :

### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish چاقمق (çakmak), from Proto-Turkic *č(i)ak-.

#### Verb

çakmak (third-person singular simple present çakar)
* to knock in, to nail
* to flash, to blink
* to strike fire
* (informal) to notice, to savvy, to understand
* (slang, vulgar) to fuck (used with dative case)

##### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

##### Derived terms

* köfteyi çakmak (3)
# geliştirmek
## Turkish
### Etymology

Causative of gelişmek, can be analyzed as geliş- +‎ -tir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɟe.liʃ.tiɾˈmec/
* Hyphenation: ge‧liş‧tir‧mek

### Verb

geliştirmek (third-person singular simple present geliştirir)
* to advance
* to develop
* to improve
    Almanya'da bir dil kursuna katılarak Almancamı geliştireceğim.
    I will improve my German by attending a language course in Germany.
* to increase

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Synonyms

* ilerletmek
# ısırmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish اصرمق (ısırmak), from Proto-Turkic *ïsïr- (“to bite”). Cognate with Yakut ытыр (ıtır, “to bite”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

ısırmak (third-person singular simple present ısırır)
* (transitive) to bite
** 1936 October 23, advertisement for pest control in Akşam, page 12:
    Müz'iç sinekler yavrularınızı ısırıyor.Annoying flies are biting your children.

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Related terms

* ısırgan
* ısırık (“bite, sting”)
* ısırılmak
* ısırtmak

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ısırmak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اصرمق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 128
# azmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آزمق (azmak, “to leave the way, go astray, act outrageously, go mad”), from Proto-Turkic *āŕ- (“to go astray, lose one's way”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰕 (az /⁠āz-⁠/, “to go astray, to lose one's way”), Bashkir аҙыу (aźıw, “to lead immoral life, degenerate”), Southern Altai азар (azar, “to go astray”).

### Verb

azmak (third-person singular simple present azar)
* (intransitive) to go astray, run wild, get out of control
* (slang) to get horny

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Related terms

* aza
* azalı
* azamamak
* azdırmak
* azgın
* azılmak
* azış
* azma
* azmamak
* azman
* azmış
# bitirmek
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بترمك (bitirmek, “to finish, to complete”), from Ottoman Turkish بتمك (bitmek, “to terminate, to come to an end”), from Proto-Turkic *büt- (“to end”), morphologically bit- +‎ -ir +‎ -mek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi.tiɾˈmec/
* Hyphenation: bi‧tir‧mek

### Verb

bitirmek (third-person singular simple present bitirir)
* (transitive) causative of bitmek: to finish, to complete
    Ödevimi bitirdim. ― I finished my homework.

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Related terms

* bitirici
* bitirtmek
* bitkin

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بترمك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 339
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*büt-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bit-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “bitirmek”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# değiştirmek
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish دگشدیرمك (değiştirmek). By surface analysis, değiş- (“to change”) +‎ -tir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /de.iʃ.tiɾˈmec/, /de.jiʃ.tiɾˈmec/
* Hyphenation: de‧ğiş‧tir‧mek

### Verb

değiştirmek
* causative of değişmek:
** (transitive) to change something
    düşüncemi değiştirdim ― I've changed my idea
** (transitive) to
** (law, transitive) to amend

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### Derived terms

* değiştirici (“exchanger”)

### References

* “değiştirmek”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# yorulmak
## Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish یورلمق (yorulmak, “to be tired”), from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (yorul-, “to be tired”). According to Nişanyan the term is derived from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (yorı-, “to walk”), see yürümek for more. Or alternatively passive of yormak (“to tire”), however Nişanyan also thinks yor- is a back-formation from this verb.

#### Verb

yorulmak (third-person singular simple present yorulur)
* (intransitive) to get tired, tire (become tired)
    Bugün okulda çok yoruldum. ― I got so tired at school today.

##### Derived terms

* yorulma
* yoruluş
* yorulunmak

##### Related terms

* yorgun

### Etymology 2

Passive of yormak (“to interpret”).

#### Verb

yorulmak (third-person singular simple present yorulur)
* (intransitive) to be interpreted

### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yor-2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# çalmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish چالمق (çalmak), from Proto-Turkic *čal- (“to knock (down), hit, agitate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃɑɫˈmɑk/, [t͡ʃɑɫ̪ ˈmɑk]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

çalmak (third-person singular simple present çalar)
* (transitive) to steal
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:çalmak
    Hırsızlar annemin çantasını çaldı ― the thieves stole my mother's bag
* (transitive) to play (produce music using a musical instrument; use a device to hear a recording)
    Çok iyi piyano çalarım ― I play the piano very well
* (intransitive) to play (produce music; be played from a recording)
    Favori şarkım çalıyor ― my favourite song is playing
* (intransitive) to ring (phone or bell)
    Eve girdiğimde telefon çalıyordu ― the phone was ringing when I entered the house
    Duş alıyorken kapı (or "zil") çaldı ― the doorbell rang while I was taking a shower
* (transitive) to tap the door
    Kapıyı (or "zili") hep üç kez çalar ― [He/She/It] rings the door(bell) always three times.
* (dated, regional, transitive) to hit, to throw
* (dated, regional, transitive) to smear, to add

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*čal-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
# verimsizleştirmek
## Turkish
### Verb

verimsizleştirmek
* to impoverish

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:
# yıpranmak
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ییپرنمق (yıpranmak, “to become worn out”), causative of ییپرمق (yıpramak, “to get thinner”). Causative form replaced the original verb, see dialectal yıpramak.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɯp.ɾanˈmak/
* Hyphenation: yıp‧ran‧mak

### Verb

yıpranmak (third-person singular simple present yıpranır)
* (intransitive) to become worn out

#### Conjugation

* Show negative conjugation:
* Show potential conjugation:
* Show impotential conjugation:

#### See also

* yıpratmak