# plump
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plʌmp/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌmp

### Etymology 1

From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump. Cognate with Saterland Frisian plump (“plump”).

#### Adjective

plump (comparative plumper or more plump, superlative plumpest or most plump)
* Having a full and rounded shape; chubby, somewhat overweight.
    a plump baby; plump cheeks
** 1651, Thomas Carew, To my friend G. N. from Wrest:The god of wine did his plump clusters bring.
** 2015, Anton Chekhov, The Life and Genius of Anton Chekhov: Letters, Diary, Reminiscences and Biography: Assorted Collection of Autobiographical Writings of the Renowned Russian Author and Playwright of Uncle Vanya, The Cherry Orchard, The Three Sisters and The Seagull, e-artnow, →ISBN:My ideal is to be idle and to love a plump girl.
** 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 23, in Crime out of Mind:He was a plump little man and we had been walking uphill at a pace—set by him—far too rapid for his short legs. He breathed stertorously, and half the drops which glimmered on his rotund face were not rain but sweat.
* Fat.
* Sudden and without reservation; blunt; direct; downright.
** 1898, George Saintsbury, “XXXVII The Dullards That Men Are”, in A Short History of English Literature:After the plump statement that the author was at Erceldoune and spake with Thomas.
** 1925, Stanley John Weyman, Queen's Folly:I've said so haven't I? Plump and plain.

##### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:obese

##### Antonyms

* See also Thesaurus:scrawny

##### Derived terms

* plumping
* plumply
* plumpness

##### Translations
#### Verb

plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)
* (intransitive) To grow plump; to swell out.
    Her cheeks have plumped.
* (transitive) To make plump; to fill (out) or support; often with up.
    to plump oysters or scallops by placing them in fresh or brackish water
** 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI):to plump up the hollowness of their history with improbable miracles
* (transitive) To cast or let drop all at once, suddenly and heavily.
    to plump a stone into water
** 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC:Although Miss Pross, through her long association with a French family, might have known as much of their language as of her own, if she had had a mind, she had no mind in that direction […] So her manner of marketing was to plump a noun-substantive at the head of a shopkeeper without any introduction in the nature of an article […]
* (intransitive) To give a plumper (kind of vote).
* (transitive) To give (a vote), as a plumper.
* (intransitive) To favor or decide in favor of. [with for ‘something’]
** 2014, “Brazil in a nutshell”, in The Economist:A recent poll by the New York Times found that although most Brazilians plump for arch-rival Argentina as the team they most want to lose, the second-biggest group want Brazil itself to stumble.

##### Derived terms

* plump for
* plump up

### Etymology 2

From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpfen.

#### Verb

plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)
* (intransitive) To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at once.
** September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude
    Dulcissa plumps into a chair.

##### Derived terms

* plump down

##### Translations
#### Adverb

plump
* Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.
** 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 49, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 253:I suppose then, that going plump on a flying whale with your sail set in a foggy squall is the height of a whaleman’s discretion?

#### Noun

plump (plural plumps)
* The sound of a sudden heavy fall.
** 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.

##### Derived terms

* thunder-plump

### Etymology 3

From Middle English plump.

#### Noun

plump (plural plumps)
* (obsolete) A knot or cluster; a group; a crowd.
    a plump of trees, fowls, or spears
** 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:To visit islands and the plumps of men.The spelling has been modernized.
* A group of geese flying close together.

### References

* “plump”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plʊmp/
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

plump (strong nominative masculine singular plumper, comparative plumper, superlative am plumpsten or (uncommon) am plumpesten)
* clumsy (movement of person or animal that is often dumpy)
* clumsy; crude; brazen (of a trick or strategy)
    ein plumper Versuch ― a crude attempt
* squat, stumpy

#### Declension

$^1$Uncommon.

### Further reading

* “plump” in Duden online
* “plump” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Irish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /pˠl̪ˠʊmˠpˠ/

### Noun

plump f (genitive singular plumpa, nominative plural plumpanna)
* Cois Fharraige form of plimp

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
plump
plumpanna
vocative
a phlump
a phlumpanna
genitive
plumpa
plumpanna
dative
plump
plumpanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an phlump
na plumpanna
genitive
na plumpa
na bplumpanna
dative
leis an bplump don phlump
leis na plumpanna :

#### Derived terms

* plumpaíl

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “plump”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpʰlʉmp]

### Adjective

plump
* big and awkward
* base, vulgar

## Swedish
### Adjective

plump (comparative plumpare, superlative plumpast)
* (possibly unintentionally) offensive due to lacking tact; rude, vulgar, tactless
    Komikern var kul i början, men när han gjorde sig lustig över utseendet hos killen i publiken blev det plumptThe comedian started out funny, but when he made fun of the looks of the guy in the audience it stopped being funny

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### See also

* burdus

### Noun

plump c
* a blot (of ink)
    Synonym: bläckplump (“inkblot”)

#### Derived terms

* en plump i protokollet

### References

* plump in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* plump in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* plump in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)