# قوش
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish قوش (kuş, “the rump or hock of a horse”).
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /quːʃ/

### Noun

قُوش • (qūš) m (plural أَقْوَاش (ʔaqwāš))
* crupper (thong to keep the saddle from sliding forth)

#### Declension
### References

* Freytag, Georg (1835) “قوش”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 515
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “قوش”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, page 834
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “قوش”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 932
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قوش”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1065

## Chagatai
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Common Turkic *kuš (“bird”), from Proto-Turkic *kuĺ (“bird”).

#### Noun

قوش (quş)
* bird
* butterfly
* presage, omen

##### Descendants

* Uyghur: قۇش (qush)
* Uzbek: qush

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

قوش (qoş)
* drove, team, pair, yoke
* camp, companions, troop, group
* station, tent, house; house utensils, supellex

## Khalaj
### Noun

قوُش (quş) (definite accusative قوُشوُ, plural قوُشلار)
* Arabic spelling of quş (“sparrow”)

#### Declension
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *kuš (“bird”), from Proto-Turkic *kuĺ (“bird”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰽 (kuş), Azerbaijani quş, Bashkir ҡош (qoş), Kazakh құс (qūs), Kyrgyz куш (kuş), Turkmen guş, Uyghur قۇش (qush) and Uzbek qush.

#### Noun

قوش • (kuş)
* bird, any member of the class of animals Aves, characterized by having feathers and wings
    Synonyms: طیر (tayr), مرغ (murg)

##### Derived terms

* آردج قوشی (ardıç kuşu, “thrush”)
* آری قوشی (arı kuşu, “bee-eater”)
* آوجی قوشی (avcı kuşu, “bird of prey”)
* انجیر قوشی (incir kuşu, “figpecker”)
* اورمجك قوشی (örümcek kuşu, “shrike”)
* تارلا قوشی (tarla kuşu, “lark”)
* جنت قوشی (cennet kuşu, “bird of paradise”)
* دوه قوشی (deve kuşu, “ostrich”)
* سقا قوشی (saka kuşu, “pelican; goldfinch”)
* قار قوشی (kar kuşu, “snow bunting”)
* قره قوش (kara kuş, “eagle; spavin”)
* قوش اوزومی (kuş üzümü, “Zante currants”)
* قوش باشی (kuş başı, “bird's head”)
* قوش بورونی (kuş burunu, “beak”)
* قوش دلی (kuş dili, “winged seeds of the ash tree”)
* قوش سودی (kuş südü, “any non-existing thing”)
* قوش قنادی (kuş kanadı, “a bird's wing”)
* قوش قونماز (kuş konmaz, “asparagus”)
* قوش كباب (kuş kebab, “meat roasted on skewers”)
* قوش كرازی (kuş kirazı, “bird cherry”)
* قوش لوقومی (kuş lokumu, “kind of sweet cake”)
* قوش گبی (kuş gibi, “birdlike”)
* قوشباز (kuşbaz, “bird fancier”)
* قوشجی (kuşcu, “bird catcher”)
* قوشخانه (kuşhane, “aviary”)
* قوشلق (kuşluk, “aviary”)
* قوشلو (kuşlu, “abounding with birds”)
* چكركه قوشی (çekirge kuşu, “starling”)
* چیل قوشی (çil kuşu, “grey partridge”)
* یوند قوشی (yund kuşu, “wagtail”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: kuş
* → Armenian: ղուշ (ġuš)

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kuş”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2860
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قوش”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 375a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قوش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 982
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Avis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 104
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قوش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3794
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kuş”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1487

### Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *koĺ- (“pair, couple, to join, unite”), the same root of قوشمق (koşmak, “to connect, join, attach”). Cognate with Chagatai قوش (qoş), Kazakh қос (qos), Khakas хос (xos), Kyrgyz кош (koş), Southern Altai кош (koš) and Yakut хос (qos).

#### Noun

قوش • (koş)
* yoke, team, a pair of draught animals, especially oxen, yoked together to pull something
    Synonym: چفت (çift)

##### Derived terms

* قوش قوشمق (koş koşmak, “to put to or drive a pair of beasts”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: koş

#### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Koĺ-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “koş1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2756
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قوش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 983
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1488

### Etymology 3

Compare قوسقون (kuskun, “crupper”), Turkish kaşka (“white spot on the forehead of animals”) and Kazakh құйысқан (qūiysqan).

#### Noun

قوش • (kuş)
* rump or hock of a horse, cavity on the croupe of a steed
* bald spot on the rump of an old horse

##### Descendants

* → Arabic: قُوش (qūš)

#### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قوش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 983
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1487

## Persian
### Etymology

From a Turkic language, from Proto-Turkic *kuĺ (“bird”), cognate to Ottoman Turkish قوش (kuş), Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰽 (qus¹), Azerbaijani quş, etc.

### Pronunciation

* (Iran) IPA: [ɢuːʃ]

### Noun

قوش • (quš)
* falcon
* hawk

#### Descendants

* → Gujarati: કૂશ (kūś)