# 晶

| 晶 | U+6676, &#26230; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6676 |
| ← 晵 [U+6675] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 晷 → [U+6677] |

## Translingual
### Han character

晶 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日日日 (AAA), four-corner 6066$_0$, composition ⿱日昍)

#### Derived characters

* 𨼗, 𭲟, 𨗏, 橸, 𤩜, 𣊖, 𪱈, 曐, 曑, 𬁬, 曟, 曡, 㬪, 蕌, 𩅟, 𦣖

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 497, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14000
* Dae Jaweon: page 863, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1518, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6676

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 晶
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): Triplication of 日 (“sun”).

### Etymology

Likely related to 精 (OC *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs, “something polished”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīng (jing$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zing$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): den$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chîn
* Northern Min (KCR): céng
* Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chiⁿ / cheⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zian$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jing
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jing
*** Palladius: цзин (czin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: den$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ten³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: jin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sin²⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: céng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tsinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cvy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sĩ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tsenn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zvef
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sẽ⁴⁴/
* cheng - literary;
* chiⁿ/cheⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: tsjeng
Rime :
| Character | 晶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子盈切 |
| Baxter | tsjeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tseŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsleŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 晶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjeng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tseŋ/ |
| English | bright, limpid |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 晶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6844 |
| Phonetic component | 晶 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 精 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsleŋ/ |

### Definitions

晶
* brilliant; glittering
* crystal; quartz
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) sun

#### Compounds

* 二軸晶 / 二轴晶
* 亮晶晶 (liàngjīngjīng)
* 假晶
* 偉晶岩 / 伟晶岩
* 光電晶體 / 光电晶体
* 冰晶 (bīngjīng)
* 包晶反應 / 包晶反应
* 微晶 (wēijīng)
* 晶亮 (jīngliàng)
* 晶化 (jīnghuà)
* 晶帶 / 晶带
* 晶晶 (jīngjīng)
* 晶晶亮亮
* 晶洞 (jīngdòng)
* 晶片 (jīngpiàn)
* 晶狀體 / 晶状体 (jīngzhuàngtǐ)
* 晶球 (jīngqiú)
* 晶瑩 / 晶莹 (jīngyíng)
* 晶瑩剔透 / 晶莹剔透
* 晶盤 / 晶盘 (jīngpán)
* 晶粒生長 / 晶粒生长
* 晶系 (jīngxì)
* 晶軸 / 晶轴
* 晶面
* 晶體 / 晶体 (jīngtǐ)
* 晶體管 / 晶体管 (jīngtǐguǎn)
* 正方晶系
* 水晶 (shuǐjīng)
* 水晶塔
* 水晶婚
* 水晶宮 / 水晶宫 (Shuǐjīnggōng)
* 水晶床
* 水晶毬 / 水晶球
* 水晶燈籠 / 水晶灯笼
* 水晶體 / 水晶体 (shuǐjīngtǐ)
* 水晶鹽 / 水晶盐
* 液晶 (yèjīng)
* 液晶窗
* 矽晶片
* 粉晶
* 紅晶 / 红晶
* 紫水晶 (zǐshuǐjīng)
* 結晶 / 结晶 (jiéjīng)
* 結晶岩 / 结晶岩
* 結晶玻璃 / 结晶玻璃
* 結晶體 / 结晶体 (jiéjīngtǐ)
* 茶晶 (chájīng)
* 藍晶 / 蓝晶
* 藍晶晶 / 蓝晶晶 (lánjīngjīng)
* 藍晶石 / 蓝晶石
* 血晶
* 重晶石 (zhòngjīngshí)
* 雪晶 (xuějīng)
* 電晶體 / 电晶体 (diànjīngtǐ)
* 黃晶 / 黄晶
* 黑晶
* 墨晶

#### References

* “Query for 晶”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
* “晶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* clear
* crystal
* diamond

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: せい (sei)
* Kun: あきらか (akiraka, 晶らか)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、てる (teru)、まさ (masa)

#### Compounds

* 結晶(けっしょう) (kesshō): crystal
* 晶子(しょうし) (shōshi): crystallite

### Pronunciation

* Kanji in this term
* 晶
* あきら Grade: S
* nanori
* (Tokyo) あきら [áꜜkìrà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [a̠kʲiɾa̠]

### Proper noun

晶(あきら) • (Akira)
* a unisex given name

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʌ̹ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [정]

### Hanja

Wikisource 晶 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

晶: Hán Nôm readings: tinh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.