# 坼

| 坼 | U+577C, &#22396; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-577C |
| ← 坻 [U+577B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 坽 → [U+577D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

坼 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土竹一卜 (GHMY), four-corner 4214$_1$, composition ⿰土斥)
* crack
* split, open

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5006
* Dae Jaweon: page 462, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 433, character 2
* Unihan data for U+577C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
| 訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
| 遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
| 柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
| 鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
| 槊 | *sraːwɢ |
| 蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
| 坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 逆 | *ŋraɡ |
| 屰 | *ŋraɡ |
| 縌 | *ŋraɡ |
| 蝷 | *reːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ): semantic 图 (“hand”) + phonetic 斥 (OC *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chè (che$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caak$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cháik
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceh$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhek / thek
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chè
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chè
*** Wade–Giles: chʻê$^4$
*** Yale: chè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
*** Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caak$^3$
*** Yale: chaak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaak$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cag$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːk̚³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cháik
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaiʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheh
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek / thek
*** Tâi-lô: tshik / thik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zheg, teg
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚⁵/, /tʰiɪk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/, /tʰiɪk̚³²/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-qʰˤ<r>ak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 坼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trhæk › |
| Old Chinese | /*Nə-qʰˁ<r>ak/ (W dialect: *qʰˁr- > *r̥ˁ- > trh-) |
| English | split (v.i.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 坼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9471 |
| Phonetic component | 屰 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𡍩 |
| Old Chinese | /*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ/ |
| Notes | 原右從廣屰，注亦作坼 |

### Definitions

坼
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to crack; to break open
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to sprout; to blossom

### Compounds

* 剖心坼肝
* 地坼天崩
* 坼兆
* 坼副 (chèpì)
* 坼裂 (chèliè)
* 天崩地坼
* 山崩地坼
* 爆坼
* 龜坼 / 龟坼

### References

* “坼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “坼”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 28.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* split
* tear
* open

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): たく (taku)、ちゃく (chaku)
* Kun: さける (sakeru)、わかれる (wakareru)、ひらく (hiraku)、さけめ (sakeme)

## Korean
### Hanja

坼 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak)
* split
* open

## Vietnamese
### Han character

坼: Hán Nôm readings: sách
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.