# ἀνήρ
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *anḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr. Cognates include Sanskrit नृ (nṛ́), नर (nára), and Old Irish nert.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.nɛ̌ːr/ → /aˈnir/ → /aˈnir/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.nɛ̌ːr/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /aˈne̝r/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /aˈnir/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /aˈnir/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /aˈnir/
In Epic poetry, the ἀ usually scans as long in the arsis of a foot.

### Noun

ᾰ̓νήρ • (ănḗr) m (genitive ᾰ̓νδρός); third declension
* man (adult male)
* husband
* human being, as opposed to a god
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.28:τὴν δ’ ἠμείβετ’ ἔπειτα πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τεtḕn d’ ēmeíbet’ épeita patḕr andrôn te theôn teThen the father of men and gods [= Zeus] answered her
** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 6.10:ἀκίνδυνοι δ’ ἀρεταὶ οὔτε παρ’ ἀνδράσιν οὔτ’ ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις τίμιαι: πολλοὶ δὲ μέμνανται, καλὸν εἴ τι ποναθῇ.akíndunoi d’ aretaì oúte par’ andrásin oút’ en nausì koílais tímiai: polloì dè mémnantai, kalòn eí ti ponathêi.But excellence without danger is honored neither among men nor in hollow ships. But many people remember, if a fine thing is done with toil.

#### Usage notes

The word ἀνήρ may form a crasis with the definite article, resulting in ὁ (ho) and ἀνήρ merging. The Attic crasis is ᾱ̔νήρ (hānḗr) and the Ionic crasis is ὡνήρ (hōnḗr).
With ᾰ or in metric need ᾱ in poetry: e.g. In Epic poetry, the vocative singular ἆνερ (âner) is used, for instance in Il. 24.725.

#### Antonyms

* γυνή (gunḗ, “woman, female, wife”)

#### Derived terms

* Ἀγαπήνωρ (Agapḗnōr)
* ἀγαπήνωρ (agapḗnōr)
* Ἀγήνωρ (Agḗnōr)
* ἀγήνωρ (agḗnōr)
* Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros)
* ἀλεξήνωρ (alexḗnōr)
* Ἀμύνανδρος (Amúnandros)
* Ἀνάξανδρος (Anáxandros)
* Ἀνδράγαθος (Andrágathos)
* Ἀνδρέας (Andréas)
* ἀνδρεία (andreía)
* ἀνδρεῖος (andreîos)
* ἀνδριάς (andriás)
* ἀνδρο- (andro-)
* Ἀνδρόγεως (Andrógeōs)
* ἀνδρόγυνος (andrógunos)
* Ἀνδροκλῆς (Androklês)
* Ἀνδροκύδης (Androkúdēs)
* ἀνδρομανία (andromanía)
* Ἀνδρομέδα (Androméda)
* ἀνδρόμεος (andrómeos)
* Ᾰ̓νδρόνῑκος (Ăndrónīkos)
* ἀνδρόσᾰκες (andrósăkes)
* Ᾰ̓νδροσθένης (Ăndrosthénēs)
* ἀνδροφάγος (androphágos)
* ἀνδροφόνος (androphónos)
* ἀνδρών (andrṓn)
* ἀνήνωρ (anḗnōr)
* Ἄντανδρος (Ántandros)
* ἀντήνωρ (antḗnōr)
* Ἀντήνωρ (Antḗnōr)
* ἀντιᾰ́νειρᾰ (antiắneiră)
* ἀπατήνωρ (apatḗnōr)
* Ἀρῐ́στᾰνδρος (Arĭ́stăndros)
* Βιήνωρ (Biḗnōr)
* βωτιᾰ́νειρᾰ (bōtiắneiră)
* δαμασήνωρ (damasḗnōr)
* Δεισήνωρ (Deisḗnōr)
* δεισήνωρ (deisḗnōr)
* Δῃᾰ́νειρᾰ (Dēiắneiră)
* Ἐλεφήνωρ (Elephḗnōr)
* Ἐλπήνωρ (Elpḗnōr)
* εὐήνωρ (euḗnōr)
* Εὐχήνωρ (Eukhḗnōr)
* ἠνορέη (ēnoréē)
* Καστιᾰ́νειρᾰ (Kastiắneiră)
* Κλείτανδρος (Kleítandros)
* κυδιᾰ́νειρᾰ (kudiắneiră)
* Λέανδρος (Léandros)
* λειχήνωρ (leikhḗnōr)
* ληϊᾰ́νειρᾰ (lēïắneiră)
* Λῠ́σᾰνδρος (Lŭ́săndros)
* λυσήνωρ (lusḗnōr)
* μεγαλήνωρ (megalḗnōr)
* Μένανδρος (Ménandros)
* Νίκανδρος (Níkandros)
* ὀλεσήνωρ (olesḗnōr)
* Πείσανδρος (Peísandros)
* Πεισήνωρ (Peisḗnōr)
* Περίανδρος (Períandros)
* Προθοήνωρ (Prothoḗnōr)
* ῥηξήνωρ (rhēxḗnōr)
* Ῥηξήνωρ (Rhēxḗnōr)
* σώσᾰνδρον (sṓsăndron)
* Τῑμᾱ́νωρ (Tīmā́nōr)
* Τίσανδρος (Tísandros)
* ὑπερηνορέων (huperēnoréōn)
* Ὑπερήνωρ (Huperḗnōr)
* ὑπερήνωρ (huperḗnōr)
* Ὑψήνωρ (Hupsḗnōr)
* ὑψήνωρ (hupsḗnōr)
* φθισήνωρ (phthisḗnōr)
* φιλανδρία (philandría)
* φίλανδρος (phílandros)
* φιλήνωρ (philḗnōr)

#### Descendants

* Greek: άνδρας (ándras)
* Mariupol Greek: а́ндра (ándra)

#### See also

* ἄρσην (ársēn, “male”)

### Further reading

* ἀνήρ, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “ἀνήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἀνήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἀνήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἀνήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* ἀνήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἀνήρ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “ἀνήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G120 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. consort idem, page 164.husband idem, page 411.man idem, page 510.spouse idem, page 805.