# توج
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Denominal verb of تَاج (tāj, “crown”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taw.wa.d͡ʒa/

#### Verb

تَوَّجَ • (tawwaja) II (non-past يُتَوِّجُ (yutawwiju), verbal noun تَتْوِيج (tatwīj))
* to crown
    تُوِّجَ اللَّاعِبُ بَطَلًا. ― tuwwija l-lāʕibu baṭalan. ― The athlete was crowned champion.
* to coronate

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish توج (tuc, tuç).

#### Alternative forms

* تُونْج (tunj)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuːd͡ʒ/

#### Noun

تُوج • (tūj) m
* (archaic) bronze
    Synonyms: فِلِزّ (filizz), بُرُونْز (burūnz)

##### Declension
### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “توج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 154b
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “تونج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 147b

## Karakhanid
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *tūč (“bronze”). Cognate with Turkish tunç.

### Noun

تُوجْ (tūč)
* a yellowish metal, presumably bronze
    اُلْ تُوجُغ يُلْرِتّٖىOl tūčuğ yolrïttï̄.He burnished and polished the bronze.

### References

* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “tu:ç”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449

### Further reading

* al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 120

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* تونج (tunc, tunç), طونج (tunc, tunç).

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *tūč (“bronze”).

### Noun

تۉج • (tuc, tuç)
* bronze

#### Derived terms

* تونج ایلی (tunc eli, “Tunceli, a city and province of Turkey”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: tunç
* → Albanian: tuç, tunxh, tunsh, tuç, trunç, trunxh, truxh (archaic)
* → Arabic: تُوج (tūj), تُونْج (tunj) (archaic)
* → Armenian: թուջ (tʻuǰ)
* → Aromanian: tuciu, tunge, tungiu
* → Bulgarian: туч (tuč), тунч (tunč) (archaic)
* → Crimean Tatar: tunç, tuç
* → Georgian:
* → Greek: τούντζι (toúntzi), τούντζυ (toúntzy)
* → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: tûnc, tunc, tûc
* → Macedonian: туч (tuč) (archaic)
* → Persian: توج (tuj) (archaic)
* → Romanian: tuci
* → Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
    Cyrillic script: ту̏ч
    Latin script: tȕč

### References

* Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449, calls تونج (tunc, tunç) a more recent and secondary formation, and the Persian a Turkish loanword
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎ (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 276–277, but here the Kurdish is said from Azerbaijani
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “توج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 411b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تونج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 418a
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “توج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1453, does not even have the recent تونج (tunc, tunç) variant
* Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “1546. TÚNGSE”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 187

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic تَوَّجَ (tawwaja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taw.waʒ/, [ˈtaw.waʒ], [ˈtaw.wad͡ʒ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

توّج • (tawwaj) II (present بتوّج (bitawwej))
* to crown