# tax
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: tăks, IPA: /tæks/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Homophone: tacks
* Rhymes: -æks

### Etymology 1

From Middle English taxe, from Middle French taxe, from Medieval Latin taxa. Doublet of task. Displaced native Old English gafol, which was also the word for "tribute" and "rent."

#### Noun

tax (countable and uncountable, plural taxes)
* Money paid to the government other than for transaction-specific goods and services.
    Synonyms: impost, tribute, contribution, duty, toll, rate, assessment, exaction, custom, demand, levy
    Antonym: subsidy
** 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 188, number 23, page 19:In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […] Essential public services are cut so that the rich may pay less tax. The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.
* (figurative, uncountable) A burdensome demand.
    a heavy tax on time or health
** 1843, Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons - Volume 39, page 234:In the expectation that such would be the case, I came but slightly attended, sending most of my people with the heavy baggage by sea to the Indus, and I took every precaution to render the tax of my support as light as possible, by furnishing a memorandum of the number of persons composing my suite, and limiting the amount of supplies each should receive.
** 1962 August, G. Freeman Allen, “Traffic control on the Great Northern Line”, in Modern Railways, page 128:The extent of the traffic is a tax on the existing yard in the area at Frodingham, the busiest in the District.
* A task exacted from one who is under control; a contribution or service, the rendering of which is imposed upon a subject.
* (obsolete) charge; censure
** 1616–1618, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, Nathan Field, “The Queene of Corinth”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):Flie far from hence All private taxes, immodest phrases, What e'r may but shew like vicious.

##### Hyponyms

* carbon tax
* cheese tax
* church tax
* corporation tax
* customs, customs duty
* duty
* estate tax
* excise, excise tax
* flat tax
* gift tax
* goods and services tax
* gross receipts tax
* head tax
* income tax
* inheritance tax
* land tax
* personal property tax
* poll tax
* property tax
* quindecim
* quinzieme
* real property tax
* sales tax
* sin tax
* sumptuary tax
* tariff
* transfer tax
* use tax
* utilities tax
* value added tax

##### Coordinate terms

* fine
* license fee
* penalty
* seigniorage
* user charge

##### Derived terms

* ad valorem tax
* after-tax
* alignment tax
* alternative minimum tax
* antitax
* Apple tax
* bedroom tax
* black tax
* blood tax
* blood-tax
* Cadillac tax
* capital gains tax
* carbon tax
* cat tax
* corporate tax
* council tax
* death tax
* deposit interest retention tax
* detax
* direct tax, indirect tax
* dog tax
* double tax agreement
* dumb tax
* ecotax
* fart tax
* fat tax
* flat rate tax
* flatulence tax
* fortax
* goods and sales tax
* Google tax
* graduate tax
* granny tax
* green tax
* hearth tax
* hidden tax
* hut tax
* hypertax
* idiot tax
* income tax return
* iPod tax
* Jewish tax
* kiddie tax
* kosher tax
* loyalty tax
* luxury tax
* Microsoft tax
* millage tax
* mistax
* mommy tax
* negative income tax
* nontax
* nuisance tax
* overtax
* pasty tax
* payroll tax
* pink tax
* poll-tax
* posttax
* pretax
* pre-tax
* progressive tax
* real estate tax
* retax
* Robin Hood tax
* robot tax
* roof tax
* severance tax
* single-taxism
* sponge tax
* stamp tax
* stealth-tax
* stealth tax
* stereotype tax
* stupidity tax
* stupid tax
* subtax
* sunshine tax
* supertax
* sweetheart tax deal
* tartan tax
* tax abatement
* taxability
* tax accounting
* Taxachusetts
* taxaholic
* tax assessment
* tax auditor
* tax authority
* tax avoidance
* tax avoision
* tax base
* tax bite
* taxbite
* tax bracket
* tax break
* tax cart
* tax clinic
* tax collection
* tax collector
* tax credit
* tax cut
* Tax Day
* tax declaration
* tax-deductible
* tax-deferred
* tax disc
* tax dodge
* tax dodger
* tax due
* taxee
* tax evader
* tax evasion
* tax-exempt
* tax exile
* tax-farming
* tax farming
* taxflation
* tax fraud
* tax free, tax-free
* taxgatherer
* taxgathering
* tax haven
* tax hike
* tax incentive
* tax in kind
* tax law
* taxless
* taxlike
* tax lot
* tax man
* taxman
* taxocracy
* taxocrat
* tax office
* taxor
* taxpaid
* taxpayer
* taxpaying
* taxpayment
* tax point
* tax protester
* tax rate
* tax reduction
* tax relief
* tax resistance
* tax resister
* tax return
* tax revenue
* tax rise
* tax shelter
* tax-sheltered
* tax shield
* tax shift
* tax stamp
* tax swap
* tax time
* tax value
* tax wedge
* taxwise
* taxwoman
* tax year
* undertax
* untax
* value-added tax
* wealth tax
* wheel tax
* windfall tax
* Windows tax
* window tax
* withholding tax

##### Descendants

* → Tok Pisin: takis
** → Rotokas: takisi
* → Hindi: टैक्स (ṭaiks)
* → Urdu: ٹَیکْس (ṭaiks)

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English taxen, from Anglo-Norman taxer (“to impose a tax”), from Latin taxāre (“to handle, to censure, to appraise, to compute”).

#### Verb

tax (third-person singular simple present taxes, present participle taxing, simple past and past participle taxed)
* (transitive) To impose and collect a tax from (a person or company).
    Some think to tax the wealthy is the fairest.
** 2018, Kristin Lawless, Formerly known as food, →ISBN, page 251:Taxing the food and chemical industries, which make billions off our food consumption, could be another way to generate revenue for the program.
* (transitive) To impose and collect a tax on (something).
    Some think to tax wealth is destructive of a private sector.
* (transitive) To make excessive demands on.
    Do not tax my patience.
** 1847 March 30, Herman Melville, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:The people of the southeasterly clusters—concerning whom, however, but little is known—have a bad name as cannibals; and for that reason their hospitality is seldom taxed by the mariner.
** 1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London-Birmingham services - Past, Present and Future”, in Trains Illustrated, page 103:The heavy freight traffic which shares the double line between Paddington and Wolverhampton with the passenger traffic has taxed the ingenuity of the timetable planners.
** 2007 January 16, “IBM - Reinventing the invention system - United States”, in IDEAS from IBM‎:But patent applications are increasingly accompanied by volumes and volumes of data on DVD, which taxes the resources of the patent office.
* (transitive) To accuse.
* (transitive) To examine accounts in order to allow or disallow items.

##### Derived terms

* taxable
* taxation

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* ATX, Axt, xat

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* tuxtax

### Interjection

tax
* an onomatopoeia expressing the sound of blows, whack, crack
** c. 197 BCE, Plautus, Persa :Tax tax- tergo meo erit. Non curo.My back will get whack, whack. I don't care.

### References

* “tax”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* tax in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “tax”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

tax
* Alternative form of taxe

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

tax
* Alternative form of taxen

## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Armenian թաղ (tʻaġ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑːx/

### Noun

tax f (Arabic spelling تاخ)
* district, neighborhood, quarter
* district, region

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թաղ (1)”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 143b
* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “tax”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 598
* Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) “تاغ”, in Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 92b

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Homophone: tacks

### Noun

tax c
* a dachshund (dog breed)

#### Derived terms

* pansartax

### References

* tax in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* tax in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* tax in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)