# sora
## English
### Etymology

Early 19th-century sources observe that this term was in use in Virginia; presumably it is from an Indigenous American language of that area. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

sora (plural soras)
* A rail (Porzana carolina) bird of North, Central, and northern South America.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* aros, AROs, ROSA, oars, rosa, ORSA, Soar, Roas, AORs, Orsa, Rosa, ROAS, Raos, ORAS, oras, osar, soar, Raso, AoRs

## Faroese
### Verb

sora (third person singular past indicative soraði, third person plural past indicative sorað, supine sorað)
* to smash

#### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *cora, from Proto-Finno-Permic *ćora (“grain”), borrowing from early Proto-Balto-Slavic *śoros. Related to Erzya сюро (śuro, “grain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsorɑ/, [ˈs̠o̞rɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -orɑ
* Hyphenation: so‧ra

### Noun

sora
* gravel (small fragments of rock, technical definition: soil with rocks predominantly with a size between 2 and 20, or even up to 60, mm in diameter)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of sora (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sorani
sorani
accusative
nom.
sorani
sorani
gen.
sorani
genitive
sorani
sorieni soraini $^{rare}$
partitive
soraani
soriani
inessive
sorassani
sorissani
elative
sorastani
soristani
illative
soraani
soriini
adessive
sorallani
sorillani
ablative
soraltani
soriltani
allative
soralleni
sorilleni
essive
soranani
sorinani
translative
sorakseni
sorikseni
abessive
sorattani
sorittani
instructive
comitative
—sorineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sorasi
sorasi
accusative
nom.
sorasi
sorasi
gen.
sorasi
genitive
sorasi
soriesi soraisi $^{rare}$
partitive
soraasi
soriasi
inessive
sorassasi
sorissasi
elative
sorastasi
soristasi
illative
soraasi
soriisi
adessive
sorallasi
sorillasi
ablative
soraltasi
soriltasi
allative
sorallesi
sorillesi
essive
soranasi
sorinasi
translative
soraksesi
soriksesi
abessive
sorattasi
sorittasi
instructive
comitative
—sorinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
soramme
soramme
accusative
nom.
soramme
soramme
gen.
soramme
genitive
soramme
soriemme soraimme $^{rare}$
partitive
soraamme
soriamme
inessive
sorassamme
sorissamme
elative
sorastamme
soristamme
illative
soraamme
soriimme
adessive
sorallamme
sorillamme
ablative
soraltamme
soriltamme
allative
sorallemme
sorillemme
essive
soranamme
sorinamme
translative
soraksemme
soriksemme
abessive
sorattamme
sorittamme
instructive
comitative
—sorinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
soranne
soranne
accusative
nom.
soranne
soranne
gen.
soranne
genitive
soranne
sorienne sorainne $^{rare}$
partitive
soraanne
sorianne
inessive
sorassanne
sorissanne
elative
sorastanne
soristanne
illative
soraanne
soriinne
adessive
sorallanne
sorillanne
ablative
soraltanne
soriltanne
allative
sorallenne
sorillenne
essive
sorananne
sorinanne
translative
soraksenne
soriksenne
abessive
sorattanne
sorittanne
instructive
comitative
—sorinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
soransa
soransa
accusative
nom.
soransa
soransa
gen.
soransa
genitive
soransa
soriensa sorainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
soraansa
soriaan soriansa
inessive
sorassaan sorassansa
sorissaan sorissansa
elative
sorastaan sorastansa
soristaan soristansa
illative
soraansa
soriinsa
adessive
sorallaan sorallansa
sorillaan sorillansa
ablative
soraltaan soraltansa
soriltaan soriltansa
allative
soralleen sorallensa
sorilleen sorillensa
essive
soranaan soranansa
sorinaan sorinansa
translative
sorakseen soraksensa
sorikseen soriksensa
abessive
sorattaan sorattansa
sorittaan sorittansa
instructive
comitative
—sorineen sorinensa :

#### Derived terms

* soraikko
* sorainen
* sorastaa
* sorata
* sorautua
* sorittaa
* Soro
* bitumisora
* harjusora
* kevytsora
* kuorisora
* rapautumissora
* simpukkasora
* soraharju
* sorahiekka
* sorakauha
* sorakerrostuma
* sorakieli
* sorakielinen
* sorakivi
* sorakuoppa
* soramonttu
* soranajo
* soranotto
* sorapäällyste
* sorapäällysteinen
* soratie
* soravara
* öljysora

### References

* ↑ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “sora”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎ (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01

### Further reading

* “sora”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Rosa, oras

## Gagauz
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish صُوكْرَه (soŋra), from Proto-Turkic *soŋ. By surface analysis, son +‎ -ra. The irregular dropping of the /n/ is due to frequent usage and is also seen in some Turkish dialects. Compare Turkish sonra, Azerbaijani sonra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsoɾɑ/, /ˈsoːɾɑ/
* Hyphenation: so‧ra

### Adverb

sora
* then, afterwards
    sora gittik ― we left afterwards
    sora sizinnän konuştuk ― then we spoke with you
* used to point out frustration against an action that supposedly contradicts or is in conflict with another given action, then
    bişey yapmarsın, sora isteersin seni sevelim!you don't do anything, and then you want us to like you!

### Postposition

sora
* (+ ablative) after
    bir parça vakıttan sora ― after some time
    on minuttan sora ― after 10 minutes

#### Related terms

* son

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sonra”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “sora”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 146
* Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), “sora”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 72
* N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “сóра”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 427

## Hungarian
### Etymology

sor +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃorɒ]
* Hyphenation: so‧ra

### Noun

sora
* third-person singular single-possession possessive of sor

#### Declension
## Italian
### Etymology 1

Compare suora.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔ.ra/
* Rhymes: -ɔra
* Hyphenation: sò‧ra

#### Noun

sora f (plural sore)
* (dialectal) sister; nun
    Synonym: sorella

### Etymology 2

From signora.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔ.ra/, /ˈso.ra/
* Rhymes: -ɔra, -ora
* Hyphenation: sò‧ra, só‧ra

#### Noun

sora f (uncountable)
* (dialectal, chiefly Roman) female equivalent of sor; lady, miss (before personal names or professions)
    sora Lella ― Mrs. Lella

## Japanese
### Romanization

sora
* Rōmaji transcription of そら

## Javanese
### Romanization

sora
* Romanization of ꦱꦺꦴꦫ

## Lombard
### Etymology

From sopra.

### Adverb

sora
* above

## Macanese
### Etymology

Clipping of Portuguese professora, feminine form of professor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔɾa/, /ˈsɔɾɐ/

### Noun

sora (possibly slang)
* teacher
    Sora, ele sempre chubí eu!Teacher, he is always pinching me!
    Sora, êle dáli eu!Teacher, he is hitting me!
* professor

### References

* Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “dále”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 425
* https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

## Neapolitan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin soror.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔrə/

### Noun

sora f (plural sore)
* sister

#### Usage notes

The plural form is serure [səˈruːrə] in some dialects, reflecting the Latin plural sorōrēs (> *serōrēs, via dissimilation).

### References

* ↑ Cortelazzo, Manlio. 2002. I dialetti Italiani: Storia, struttura, uso. Torino: UTET. Page 730.
* ↑ AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 14: “tua sorella; le tue sorelle” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* sore (e-infinitive)
* sorra, sårå, sårrå, sara, særa (dialectal)

### Verb

sora (present tense sorar, past tense sora, past participle sora, passive infinitive sorast, present participle sorande, imperative sora/sor)
* to be covered by thin ice layer (about water, stone or wood during a cold period of time)

## Old Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /so.ra/
* Rhymes: -ra
* Hyphenation: so‧ra

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वर (svara). Doublet of swara.

#### Adjective

sora
* loud

##### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦫ (sora, “loud”) (inherited)
** >? Malay: sorak
*** > Indonesian: sorak (inherited)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

sora
* name of an arrow

### Further reading

* "sora" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈso.ra/

### Noun

sora f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of soră

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* sour (Puter, Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin soror, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

### Noun

sora f (plural soras)
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) sister

#### Coordinate terms

* (in terms of gender):
** (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) frar
** (Puter) frer