# бал
## Bashkir
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”).
Cognate with Shor пал (“honey”), Turkish bal (“honey”), Chuvash пыл (pyl, “honey”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɑɫ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: бал (one syllable)

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey
    Сәскә балы.Səskə balı.Flower honey.
    Йүкә балы тәмле, хуш еҫле, ҙур дауалау көсөнә эйә.Yükə balı təmle, xuş yeśle, źur dawalaw kösönə eyə.Linden honey is palatable, has a pleasant smell (and) great medicinal properties.
    Башҡорт балына һорау йылдан-йыл арта бара.Başqort balına horaw yıldan-yıl arta bara.The demand for Bashkir honey has been growing year after year.
* mead; alcoholic drink fermented from honey and water

#### Derived terms

* бал ҡорто (bal qorto, “bee”)

## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [baɫ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɫ

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French bal or German Ball; ultimately from Ancient Greek βαλλίζω (ballízō, “to dance”).

#### Noun

бал • (bal) m (relational adjective ба́лен)
* (dance) ball
    абсолве́нтски бал ― absolvéntski bal ― graduation ball

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian балл (ball), from French balle (“voting ball”).

#### Noun

бал • (bal) m
* (singular only) score/mark(s)/grade(s) (on an exam)
* (nautical, seismology) point (on an intensity scale, e.g. the Beaufort scale or Richter scale)

##### Declension
### References

* “бал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “бал”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бал”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 28
* “бал”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 41

## Eastern Mari
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian бал (bal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑl/
* Rhymes: -ɑl
* Hyphenation: бал

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* ball (dancing)

#### Derived terms

* У ий бал (U ij bal)

### References

* J. Bradley et al. (2023) “бал”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

## Kalmyk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bal/, /baˈlə/

### Noun

бал • (bal) (Clear script spelling ᡋᠠᠯ (bal))
* honey

## Karaim
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bạl.

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey.

#### Derived terms

* балкъурт (“bee”)

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “бал”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

## Kazakh
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”).

#### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey
    бал қайнату ― bal qainatu ― to boil honey

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian فال (fâl), from Arabic فَأْل (faʔl, “omen”).

#### Noun

бал • (bal)
* divination, fortune-telling
    бал ашу ― bal aşu ― fortune-telling

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Russian бал (bal), from French bal, from Late Latin ballō.

#### Noun

бал • (bal)
* ball, dance

##### Declension
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bạl. Cognate with Azerbaijani bal, Bashkir бал (bal), Kazakh бал (bal), Tatar бал (bal), Turkish bal, Turkmen bal, Uzbek bol, etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bal/
* Hyphenation: бал

### Noun

бал • (bal) (Arabic spelling بال)
* honey

#### Declension
## Mongolian

| Mongolian | Cyrillic |
| ᠪᠠᠯ (bal) | бал (bal) |

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɮ/
* Syllabification: бал (1 syllable)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Mongolic *bal, from Proto-Turkic *bal. Compare Dongxiang ban, Turkish bal.

#### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey

##### Derived terms

* зөгийн бал (zögiin bal, “honey”)
* бал сар (bal sar, “honeymoon”)
* цэцгийн бал (cecgiin bal, “nectar”)
* бал чулуу (bal čuluu, “graphite”)

### Etymology 2

Clipping of бал чулуу (bal čuluu), itself from the etymology above.

#### Noun

бал • (bal)
* ballpoint pen

## Nogai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bạl.

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “бал”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN

## Ossetian
### Alternative forms

* бали (bali) — Digor

### Etymology

From Georgian ბალი (bali).

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* (Iron) cherry

### References

* Bigulajev, B. B., Gagkajev, K. Je., Kulajev, N. X., Tuajeva, O. N. (1970) “бал”, in A. M. Kasajev, editor, Осетинско-русский словарь [Ossetian–Russian Dictionary], 3rd edition, Ordzhonikidze: Ir
* Abajev, V. I. (1958–1995) “bal”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press

## Russian
### Etymology

First attested in 1705. Borrowed from French bal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [baɫ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -al

### Noun

бал • (bal) m inan (genitive ба́ла, nominative plural балы́, genitive plural бало́в, relational adjective ба́льный)
* ball, dance

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: բալ (bal)
* → Azerbaijani: bal
* → Eastern Mari: бал (bal)
* → Georgian: ბალი (bali)
* → Kazakh: бал (bal)
* → Yakut: баал (baal)

## Southern Altai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”). Cognate with Kazakh бал (bal), Kyrgyz бал (bal), Crimean Tatar bal, Kumyk бал (bal), Azerbaijani bal, Turkish bal, Shor пал, etc.

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey
    Synonym: мӧт (möt)

#### Derived terms

* балду (baldu)

### References

* Čumakajev A. E., editor (2018), “бал”, in Altajsko-russkij slovarʹ [Altaic–Russian Dictionary], Gorno-Altaysk: NII altaistiki im. S.S. Surazakova, →ISBN
* Radloff, Friedrich Wilhelm (1893–1911) Опыт словаря тюркских наречий – Versuch eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte [Attempt at a Lexicon of the Turkic Dialects] (overall work in German and Russian), Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences

## Tatar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bạl (“honey”).

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey

## Udi
### Etymology

From Aghwan 𐔱𐔰𐔰𐔾 (baal, “doer”).

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* doer, maker

### Further reading

* Gukasjan, Vorošil (1974) “бал”, in Удинско-азербайджанско-русский словарь [Udi–Azerbaijani–Russian Dictionary]‎, Baku: Academy Press, page 69

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [baɫ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɫ
* Hyphenation: бал

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Ball (“ball”) or French balle (“ball”).

#### Noun

бал • (bal) m inan (genitive ба́ла, nominative plural ба́ли, genitive plural ба́лів, relational adjective ба́льний)
* point (on a numerical grading system)
* (games, sports) point
    Synonym: очко́ n inan (očkó)
* point (on an intensity scale, e.g. the Beaufort scale or Richter scale)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French bal.

#### Alternative forms

* баль (balʹ) — 1928-1933 spelling

#### Noun

бал • (bal) m inan (genitive ба́лу, nominative plural бали́, genitive plural балі́в, relational adjective ба́льний)
* ball (formal or extravagant party or dance)

##### Derived terms

* бал-маскара́д m (bal-maskarád)

### References

* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “бал”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

### Further reading

* “бал”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “бал”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
* “бал”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “бал”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

## Urum
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bạl.

### Noun

бал • (bal)
* honey.

### References

* Oleksandr Harkavecʹ (2000) Urumsʹkyj Slovnyk [Urum-Ukrainian Dictionary], Almaty: Ynstytut Sxodoznavstva Myžnarodnyx Vydnosyn Xarkyvsʹkyj Kolehyum, →ISBN