# 笏

| 笏 | U+7B0F, &#31503; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B0F |
| ← 笎 [U+7B0E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 笐 → [U+7B10] |

## Translingual
### Han character

笏 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹心竹竹 (HPHH), four-corner 8822$_7$, composition ⿱𥫗勿)

#### Derived characters

* 𨖃

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 878, character 30
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25882
* Dae Jaweon: page 1307, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2951, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7B0F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 笏 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 脗 | *minʔ |
| 吻 | *mɯnʔ |
| 刎 | *mɯnʔ |
| 伆 | *mɯnʔ, *mɯd |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 沕 | *mrɯd, *mɯd |
| 忽 | *hmɯːd |
| 昒 | *hmɯːd, *mɯd |
| 惚 | *hmɯːd |
| 匫 | *hmɯːd |
| 笏 | *hmɯːd |
| 曶 | *hmɯːd |
| 淴 | *ʔmɯːd |
| 物 | *mɯd |
| 勿 | *mɯd |
| 芴 | *mɯd |
| 岉 | *mɯd |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hù (hu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fat$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fut
* Eastern Min (BUC): huók
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoh$^6$ / huoh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hut
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hug$^4$
* Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): $^7$hueq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hù
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^4$
*** Yale: hù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
*** Palladius: ху (xu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fat$^1$
*** Yale: fāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fut
*** Hakka Romanization System: fud$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fud$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /fut̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huók
*** Sinological IPA : /huɔʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hoh$^6$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: heoh
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huoh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hut
*** Tâi-lô: hut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hud
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hut̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hut̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hut̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hug$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huk
*** Sinological IPA : /huk̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$hueq
*** MiniDict: hueh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /huəʔ⁴³/
* Middle Chinese: xwot
Rime :
| Character | 笏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 沒 (56) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼骨切 |
| Baxter | xwot |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /huət̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /huot̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xuət̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hwət̚/ |
| Li Rong | /xuət̚/ |
| Wang Li | /xuət̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xuət̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmɯːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 笏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13215 |
| Phonetic component | 勿 |
| Rime group | 物 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 忽 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmɯːd/ |

#### Definitions

笏
* (historical) tablet held by officials at court (used to take notes, or for ceremonial purposes)

#### Synonyms

* 手板 (shǒubǎn)
* 手版 (shǒubǎn)

#### Compounds

* 一笏
* 倒笏躬身
* 出笏
* 帶笏 / 带笏
* 拄笏看山
* 搢笏
* 牙笏
* 秉笏披袍
* 笏板
* 笢笏
* 簪笏
* 袍笏
* 袍笏登場 / 袍笏登场
* 象笏

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): fat$^1$ / wat$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fat$^1$ / wat$^1$
*** Yale: fāt / wāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fat$^7$ / wat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fed$^1$ / wed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐt̚⁵/, /wɐt̚⁵/

#### Definitions

笏
* (Cantonese) Used in place names.
    掃管笏／扫管笏 [Cantonese] ― so$^3$ gun$^2$ wat$^1$ [Jyutping] ― So Kwun Wat (a place in Hong Kong)

### References

* “笏”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* thin tablet
* mace
* scepter

#### Readings

* Go-on: こち (kochi)
* Kan-on: こつ (kotsu)
* Kun: しゃく (shaku, 笏)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 笏
* こつ Hyōgai
* kan'on
From Chinese. See also 笏(しゃく) (shaku) below.

#### Noun

笏(こつ) or 笏(コツ) • (kotsu)
* (dated) a wooden or ivory tablet held in the right hand when wearing full court dress
** 1901 [1835], Mori Ōgai, transl., Sakkyōshijin, translation of Improvisatoren by Hans Christian Andersen:
    其(その)手(て)には『マケロニ』（麪(めん)類(るい)の名(めい)）つけたる大(おお)いなる玩(がん)具(ぐ)の柄(つか)つきの鈴(すず)を笏(コツ)として持(も)たせたり。
       Sono te ni wa “makeroni” (menrui no mei) tsuketaru ōinaru gangu no tsuka-tsuki no suzu o kotsu to shite motasetari.
       In his hand instead of a kotsu he held a bell with a long handle that he called “macaroni” (the name of a type of noodle).

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 笏
* しゃく Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
From 尺 (shaku, “shaku”, length unit), so named because of its length. The original name こつ (kotsu) is avoided for being homophonous with 骨 (kotsu, “bone”).

#### Noun

笏(しゃく) • (shaku)
* shaku; a thin tablet held in the right hand by those in full court dress
    Synonym: 手板 (teita)

##### See also

* 束帯(そくたい) (sokutai)

## Korean
### Hanja

笏 • (hol) (hangeul 홀, revised hol, McCune–Reischauer hol, Yale hol)
* a tablet held by officials at court (used to take notes, or for ceremonial purposes)