# 哈

| 哈 | U+54C8, &#21704; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54C8 |
| ← 哇 [U+54C7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 哉 → [U+54C9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

哈 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口人一口 (ROMR), four-corner 6806$_1$, composition ⿰口合)

#### Derived characters

* 𫽞, 𭌸, 𱽶

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 189, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3594
* Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 619, character 5
* Unihan data for U+54C8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 龕 | *kʰuːm |
| 媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
| 頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
| 答 | *tkuːb |
| 畣 | *tkuːb |
| 荅 | *tkuːb |
| 嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
| 撘 | *tuːb |
| 搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
| 蛤 | *kuːb |
| 鴿 | *kuːb |
| 合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
| 鉿 | *kuːb |
| 閤 | *kuːb |
| 鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 鮯 | *kuːb |
| 哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
| 姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
| 欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
| 盒 | *ɡuːb |
| 耠 | *ɡuːb |
| 詥 | *ɡuːb |
| 塔 | *tʰuːb |
| 鞳 | *tʰoːb |
| 劄 | *rtuːb |
| 跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
| 袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
| 餄 | *kruːb |
| 恰 | *kʰruːb |
| 帢 | *kʰruːb |
| 洽 | *ɡruːb |
| 祫 | *ɡruːb |
| 珨 | *ɡruːb |
| 烚 | *ɡruːb |
| 歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
| 湁 | *tkʰub |
| 拾 | *ɡjub |
| 給 | *krub |
| 翕 | *qʰrub |
| 噏 | *qʰrub |
| 潝 | *qʰrub |
| 熻 | *qʰrub |
| 嬆 | *qʰrub |
| 翖 | *qʰrub |
| 闟 | *qʰrub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋɡuːb): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb). However the phonetic component, perhaps by chance, represents two open mouths.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hā (ha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngap$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngap$^6$
*** Yale: ngahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngeb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐp̚²/
* Middle Chinese: ngop
Rime :
| Character | 哈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 合 (160) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 五合切 |
| Baxter | ngop |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋʌp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋəp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋɒp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋəp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋᴀp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋɒp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | è |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɡuːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 哈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4966 |
| Phonetic component | 合 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 㬎 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋɡuːb/ |
| Notes | 今音ha來自噓呵 |

#### Definitions

哈
* (historical dictionaries only, of fish) many; plenteous
* (historical dictionaries only, of a fish's mouth) opening; moving
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mouthful; sip
    From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
    Yú'ér, Yìyá, Zī, Miǎn zhī shuǐ hé zhě, cháng yī hā shuǐ ér gān kǔ zhī yǐ. [Pinyin]
    After mixing the water from the Zi and Mian Rivers, Yu'er and Yiya can take a sip of the water and distinguish [the water's source] by sweetness and bitterness.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): hā (ha$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ha$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$ / haai$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hâ
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ha$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ha$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hă
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hah / ha / hap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ha$^1$ / hah$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ha
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ha$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ha$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xa
*** Sinological IPA : /xa⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$ / haai$^1$
*** Yale: hā / hāai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$ / haai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$ / hai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/, /haːi̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: ha$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xa¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hă
*** Sinological IPA : /ha⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hah
*** Tâi-lô: hah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /haʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /haʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha
*** Tâi-lô: ha
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haf
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ha⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hap
*** Tâi-lô: hap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hab
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hap̚³²/
* hah, ha - vernacular;
* hap - literary.

#### Definitions

哈
* (onomatopoeia) sound of laughter: ha
* exclamation of triumph, etc.: ha!
* (dialectal) Sentence-final particle softening the request.
    From: 2019 January 15, 刘辉, 留守的童年 缺席的爱, in 《北京青年报》, page B4
    “Yǒngxiá, Yǒngxiá! Chūlái hā, Běijīng yéye lái jiā lǐtou kàn nǐ lái lou!” [Pinyin]
    Yongxia, Yongxia! Come on out! Beijing grandpa came home to see you!
    From: 2019 September 19, 刘毅, 别样的风景, in 《乌蒙新报》, page B04
    Zhè dōngxi, duì wǒmen tǐng zhòngyào, bàituō nǐ kuàidì jì guòlai hā, yóuzī “dàofù”, xièxie xièxie! [Pinyin]
    This thing is pretty important to us. Please send it over by courier, and we'll pay for it upon arrival. Thank you!
    From: 2020 July 21, 李鹏, 驻村帮扶用真情 助力脱贫见成效 第一书记罗成：用实干赢得百姓赞誉, in 《彭水日报》, page 3
    “Wén dàye, nǐ jiā de dībǎo yǐjīng luòshí le, fàngxīn hā!” [Pinyin]
    "Uncle Wen, your minimum social security benefits have been put into effect. Don't worry!"
* to breathe out
* (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink
** (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to drink alcohol
** (Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink tea
*** 2007, 鄭弘 (lyrics and music), “加油 (Gan Ba-De)”, performed by 張秀卿 [Chang Hsiu Ching]:
       nā bô lim chiú, lán mā lâi ha tê [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       If we don't drink alcohol, let's still drink some tea.
*** 2019, 郭之儀 (lyrics and music), “談天講皇帝”, in 《巷子口》, performed by 蔡秋鳳 and 陳百潭:
       tiám-hun tán chiú thòe, iah ha chi̍t poe lāu-lâng tê [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Let's smoke and wait to sober up, ah, drink a cup of old man's tea
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to exhale hot air to keep oneself warm
* Short for 哈薩克斯坦／哈萨克斯坦 (Hāsàkèsītǎn, “Kazakhstan”).
* Short for 哈爾濱／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

#### Compounds

* 不哼不哈 (bùhēng-bùhā)
* 努爾哈赤 / 努尔哈赤 (Nǔ'ěrhāchì)
* 哈伯
* 哈佛 (Hāfó)
* 哈利發 / 哈利发
* 哈利路亞 / 哈利路亚 (hālìlùyà)
* 哈勃
* 哈哈 (hāhā)
* 哈哈兒 / 哈哈儿
* 哈哈大笑
* 哈哈笑 (hāhāxiào)
* 哈哈鏡 / 哈哈镜 (hāhājìng)
* 哈唏
* 哈喇子 (hālázi)
* 哈嗤
* 哈囉 / 哈啰 (hāluó)
* 哈士蟆
* 哈姆雷特
* 哈密 (Hāmì)
* 哈密瓜 (hāmìguā)
* 哈尼喀塔木 (Hāníkātǎmù)
* 哈尼族 (Hānízú)
* 哈拉
* 哈拉峻 (Hālājùn)
* 哈拉庫圖 / 哈拉库图
* 哈搭
* 哈日族 (hārìzú)
* 哈林式
* 哈欠 (hāqiàn)
* 哈氣 / 哈气 (hāqì)
* 哈爾濱 / 哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn)
* 哈瓦那市
* 哈草
* 哈薩克文 / 哈萨克文
* 哈薩克族 / 哈萨克族
* 哈薩克語 / 哈萨克语
* 哈辣
* 哈雷彗星 (Hāléi huìxīng)
* 哈雷迪 (hāléidí)
* 哼兒哈兒 / 哼儿哈儿
* 哼哈二將 / 哼哈二将
* 唏唏哈哈
* 啊哈 (āhā)
* 嘻嘻哈哈 (xīxīhāhā)
* 巴哈伊 (bāhāyī)
* 巴哈馬 / 巴哈马 (Bāhāmǎ)
* 布特哈
* 忙哈哈
* 戈什哈
* 打哈哈
* 打哈欠 (dǎ hāqian)
* 打哈氣 / 打哈气
* 曼哈坦島 / 曼哈坦岛
* 梭哈 (suōhā)
* 母哈赤
* 笑哈哈 (xiàohāhā)
* 聽哈 / 听哈
* 背哈喇子
* 苦哈哈 (kǔhāhā)
* 蠻聲哈剌 / 蛮声哈剌
* 赤赤哈哈
* 那哈兒 / 那哈儿 (nàhār)
* 阿克塞哈薩克族自治縣 / 阿克塞哈萨克族自治县 (Ākèsài Hāsàkèzú Zìzhìxiàn)
* 阿拉哈格 (Ālāhāgé)
* 馬大哈 / 马大哈 (mǎdàhā)
* 齊齊哈爾 / 齐齐哈尔 (Qíqíhā'ěr)

### Etymology 3

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Possibly related to Taiwanese Mandarin 蛤 (há), Taiwanese Hokkien 唅 (--hahⁿ), or Hokkien 哄 (háⁿ) in Douglas (1873)? See also Tagalog ha, Malaysian and Singaporean English har / ah, Indonesian ha, Dutch hè, English huh, Japanese ええ (ē), へえ (hē), and ああ (ā).”

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâⁿ / haⁿ / hāⁿ / hēⁿ / hā
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hânn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hvaa
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hã²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Philippines): /hã²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: haⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hvaf
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hã⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hānn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hva
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hã³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hēnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hve
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hẽ³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hā
*** Tâi-lô: hā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ha
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ha³³/

#### Interjection

哈
* (Hokkien) Used to indicate confusion or pondering when the speaker did not hear or comprehend clearly: huh; hmm; what; pardon?; what did (they/you/he/she) say?
       Hâⁿ, siáⁿ-mi̍h? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Huh, what?
* (Hokkien) Used to express doubt or disbelief: huh?; hmm?; what?; oh?; what do you mean?
* (Hokkien) Used to express subtle surprise or amusement/astonishment: huh!; oh!; what!
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) Used to express consent or agreement or approval: huh ok; oh alright; yeah; sure; ah yes

#### Usage notes

* When the vowel phoneme is pronounced lengthily, it usually means that the speaker is expressing either their great displeasure, great surprise, great disregard, great level of difficulty in hearing, or unwillingness to listen.

#### Synonyms

* 啊 (a / ah / --a / --ah)
* 唅 (--hahⁿ)
* 蛤 (há)

#### Derived terms

* 哈啊 (hâⁿ--ah)

#### Descendants

* →? English: hah, har (Manglish and Singlish)
* →? Taiwanese Mandarin: 蛤 (há)
* →? Tagalog: ha

### Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hā (ha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ha$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xa¹¹/

#### Definitions

哈
* (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) to bend; to stoop

#### Compounds

* 哈腰 (hāyāo)
* 點頭哈腰 / 点头哈腰 (diǎntóuhāyāo)

### Etymology 5

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 喝?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎ (ha$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˇ
* Eastern Min (BUC): háh
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^3$
*** Yale: hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haa
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: háh
*** Sinological IPA : /hɑʔ²⁴/

#### Definitions

哈
* (Beijing Mandarin) to scold; to reprimand

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): hǎ (ha$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ha$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$ / haa$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hă
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ha
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hah$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^3$
*** Yale: hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haa
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ha$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xaa
*** Sinological IPA : /xa⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$ / haa$^5$
*** Yale: hā / háh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$ / haa$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$ / ha$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/, /haː¹³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hă
*** Sinological IPA : /ha⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha
*** Tâi-lô: ha
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ha⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ha³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ha⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ha⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ha⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hah$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hah
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ²/

#### Definitions

哈
* Only used in 哈巴 (hǎba, “Pekingese; pug”).

#### Compounds

* 哈巴 (hǎba)
* 哈巴狗

### Etymology 7

* 哈姓
For Hui people, the surname is the initialism of several Arabic names, such as حَسَن (ḥasan).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Hǎ, Hā (Ha$^3$, Ha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˇ, ㄏㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Háh
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Hap / Hah
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hah$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: Ha$^3$
*** Yale: Hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Haa
*** Palladius: Ха (Xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, common variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Ha
*** Wade–Giles: Ha$^1$
*** Yale: Hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ha
*** Palladius: Ха (Xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Háh
*** Sinological IPA : /hɑʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hap
*** Tâi-lô: Hap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hab
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hap̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hah
*** Tâi-lô: Hah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haq
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /haʔ³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hah$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hah
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ²/

#### Definitions

哈
* a surname (mainly among Hui people)
    哈文 ― Hā Wén ― Ha Wen (television producer and director)

### Etymology 8
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎ, hā (ha$^3$, ha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˇ, ㄏㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hăh
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ha
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hah$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^3$
*** Yale: hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haa
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hăh
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha
*** Tâi-lô: ha
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ha⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hah$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hah
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ²/

#### Definitions

哈
* Used in compounds.

#### Compounds

* 哈德門 / 哈德门
* 哈達 / 哈达
* 米哈

### Etymology 9
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hā, kā (ha$^1$, ka$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚ, ㄎㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$ / kaa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kā
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ka
*** Wade–Giles: kʻa$^1$
*** Yale: kā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ka
*** Palladius: ка (ka)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$ / kaa$^1$
*** Yale: hā / kā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$ / kaa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$ / ka$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/, /kʰaː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

哈
* Only used in 哈喇 (hāla).

#### Compounds

* 哈喇
* 哈喇呢

### Etymology 10

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from 憨?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): hǎ, hā (ha$^3$, ha$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˇ, ㄏㄚ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ha$^3$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ha$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^3$
*** Yale: hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haa
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ha$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xaa
*** Sinological IPA : /xa⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ha$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /xa̠⁴¹/

#### Definitions

哈
* (Southwestern Mandarin, Xiang) silly; stupid
* (Southwestern Mandarin, Wu) scare

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 傻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 傻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 傻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 傻, 戇 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 傻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 瓜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 哈, 瓜, 寶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 苕, 哈, 嘎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 哈 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 呆, 木足, 瓜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 呆, 傻 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 戇, 傻, 戇居 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 傻, 戇, 戇居 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 傻, 吽, 戇 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 戇, 傻, 吽 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 傻, 戇 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 傻, 戇 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 傻, 戇 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蟬 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 傻, 戇 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 戇, 傻 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 傻 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 戇鳩 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 呆愕 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 戇鬼 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 傻 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 慢, 嚒 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 戇鳩 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 傻 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 戇鳩 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 戇鳩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 戇 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 戇 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 傻, 二不楞 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 賴, 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 阿褒 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 戇, 庸 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 戇, 庸 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 戇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 庸 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 戇, 潲面 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 戇, 哚哥, 潲面 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 呆 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 槌, 戇 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 戇, 悇, 呆, 歁戇, 戇戇, 戇呆, 呆呆, 悇悇 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 戇, 戇戇, 洽, 洽潲 vulgar, 洽仔, 山猴, 三八, 三八潲 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 㦙, 白仁, 戇 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 㦙, 白仁, 戇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 㦙, 戇, 悇 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 戇, 傻 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 戇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 戇 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 戇, 壽, 糞 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 戇, 壽, 踱 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 戇, 壽, 踱 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 戇, 壽 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 踱 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 呆, 戇 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 呆, 憨 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 寶, 醒 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 哈 |

#### Compounds

* 哈人 (hǎrén)
* 哈卵 (hǎluǎn)
* 哈宝儿
* 哈崽 (hǎzǎi)
* 哈帳 / 哈帐
* 哈話 / 哈话
* 哈麻批

### Etymology 11
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ha$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ha$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xa
*** Sinological IPA : /xa²¹/

#### Definitions

哈
* (Southwestern Mandarin) to tickle

### Etymology 12
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hà, hā (ha$^4$, ha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˋ, ㄏㄚ
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): gab$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hà
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hà
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^4$
*** Yale: hà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hah
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ha
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^1$
*** Yale: hā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ha
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gab$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kap
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚²/

#### Definitions

哈
* Only used in 哈士蟆 (hàshimá).

### Etymology 13
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hà, hǎ (ha$^4$, ha$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˋ, ㄏㄚˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hà
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hà
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^4$
*** Yale: hà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hah
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎ
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^3$
*** Yale: hǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haa
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

哈
* Only used in 哈巴 (hàba).

### Etymology 14
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hē (he$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hē
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: he
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^1$
*** Yale: hē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: he
*** Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

哈
* Alternative form of 喝 (“to drink”)
* Alternative form of 呷

### Etymology 15
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tà (ta$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tà
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tà
*** Wade–Giles: tʻa$^4$
*** Yale: tà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tah
*** Palladius: та (ta)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰä⁵¹/

#### Definitions

哈
* Used in place names.

#### Compounds

* 麻哈

### Etymology 16

Mostly likely Sinitic, but the exact etymon is disputed. Possible etyma include:
* Pause/topic/focus marker 呵, 啊 (Dede, 2007; Xu, 2015, 2021);
* Accusative/dative marker 行 attested in the Secret History of the Yuan Dynasty (Du, 2005), which may come from the locative 上 (“on; above”) (Jiang, 1998); or
* Locative 下 (“below”) (Yang, 2014; Zhou, 2019).

#### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

#### Definitions

哈
* (Gansu and Qinghai Mandarin) Accusative/dative marker, placed after a preverbal object.
** 1980, 张成材, “西宁方言记略”, in 方言 [Fangyan], number 4, page 301:
       I can't speak well; I can't argue over him/her.
** 2011, 王双成 [Wang Shuangcheng], “青海西宁方言的给予类双及物结构 [The Giving-type Ditransitive Constructions in Xining Dialect, Qinghai Province]”, in 方言 [Fangyan], number 1, page 14:
       The elder brother gave the younger brother a notebook.

### Etymology 17

* For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 歃 (“to drink; to suck; to smear on the mouth; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 歃).

### Etymology 18

* For pronunciation and definitions of 哈 – see 𪘁. (This character is a variant form of 𪘁).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00577
* “哈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Embree, Bernard L.M. (1973) “hâⁿ”, in A Dictionary of Southern Min (overall work in Hokkien, English, and Mandarin), Hong Kong: Hong Kong Language Institute, page 76.
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “唯”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 510
* 東方孝義 (TŌHŌ Takayoshi) (1931) “☐”, in 臺日新辭書 [New Taiwanese–Japanese dictionary] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: 臺灣警察協會, page 692
* William Campbell (1913) “hâⁿ”, in A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 156.
* Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “hâⁿ”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, With the Principal Variations of the Chang-chew and Chin-chew Dialects. (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 115; New Edition, With Corrections by the Author., Thomas Barclay, Lîm Iàn-sîn 林燕臣, London: Publishing Office of the Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 115

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: か (ka)、こう (kō)、ごう (gō)、しょう (shō)、とう (tō)
* Kan-on: か (ka)、こう (kō)、ごう (gō)、そう (sō)、とう (tō)
* Tō-on: は (ha)
* Kun: くう (kuu, 哈う)、すする (susuru, 哈る)、のむ (nomu, 哈む)
* Nanori: は (ha)

### References

* “哈” in: 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

## Korean
### Hanja

哈 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

哈: Hán Nôm readings: cáp, hóp, hộp, ngáp, họp, hớp, ngớp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Zhuang
### Verb

哈
* Sawndip form of haep

### References

* 古壮字字典 [Dictionary of Old Zhuang Characters] (in Chinese), Guangxi: Ethnic Publishing House (广西民族出版社), 2012, →ISBN, page 238