# اكمك
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From earlier اتمك (etmek), from Proto-Common Turkic *etmek. Cognate with Azerbaijani əkmək, Bashkir икмәк (ikmək), Karachay-Balkar ётмек (ötmek), Kazakh өтпек (ötpek), Khakas іпек (ìpek), Kumyk экмек (ekmek) and Tatar икмәк (ikmäk).

#### Alternative forms

* اتمك (etmek)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛcˈmɛc/

#### Noun

اكمك • (ekmek) (definite accusative اكمكی (ekmeği), plural اكمكلر (ekmekler))
* bread, a foodstuff prepared from a dough of flour, usually wheat, and water, usually by baking
    Synonyms: خبز (hubz), نان (nan)
* (figuratively) daily bread, staff of life, anything which is regarded as a source of sustenance

##### Derived terms

* اكمك آغاجی (ekmek ağacı, “breadfruit”)
* اكمك اوفاغی (ekmek ufağı, “breadcrumb”)
* اكمك ایچی (ekmek içi, “breadcrumb”)
* اكمك قبوغی (ekmek kabuğu, “breadcrust”)
* اكمك كبی (ekmek gibi, “precious, vital”)
* اكمكجی (ekmekci, “baker”)
* اكمكه یاغ سورلمك (ekmeğe yağ sürülmek, “to do an unexpected favor”, literally “to spread butter on bread”)
* اكمكی باصمق (ekmeği basmak, “to show ingratitude”, literally “to step on bread”)
* او اكمكی (ev ekmeği, “homemade bread”)
* بیات اكمك (bayat ekmek, “stale bread”)
* بیرا اكمكی (bira ekmeği, “breadwinner”)
* تعیین اكمك (taʼyin ekmek, “munition bread”)
* خاص اكمك (has ekmek, “white bread”)
* قورو اكمك (kuru ekmek, “bread with no condiments”)
* قوزغون اكمكی (kuzgun ekmeği, “kind of fern”)
* قوش اكمكی (kuş ekmeği, “mallow”)
* پنیر اكمك (penir ekmek, “frugality”)
* چاودار اكمكی (çavdar ekmeği, “rye bread”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: ekmek

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 96
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ekmek2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1395
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “اكمك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 58a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 130
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Panis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1237
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اكمك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 360
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ekmek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اكمك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 176

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ek- (“to sow”); cognate with Azerbaijani əkmək and Chuvash ак (ak).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛcˈmɛc/

#### Verb

اكمك • (ekmek) (third-person singular aorist اكر (eker))
* (transitive) to sow, plant, to sprinkle, scatter, or disperse seeds on the ground so that plants will grow
    Synonyms: اكین اكمك (ekin ekmek), تخم اكمك (tohum ekmek)

##### Derived terms

* اكدرمك (ekdirmek, “to make or let be sown”)
* اكمه (ekme, “sowing, the act of planting seeds”)

##### Related terms

* اكدی (ekdi, “tame, docile”)
* اكین (ekin, “crop”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: ekmek

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 96
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ekmek1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1395
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “اكمك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 58a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 130
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Serere”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1544
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اكمك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 360
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ek-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اكمك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 176

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eg- (“to bend”); cognate with Azerbaijani əymək, Bashkir эйеү (eyew), Chuvash ав (av), Kazakh ию (iü), Kyrgyz ийүү (iyüü), Southern Altai ийер (iyer), Turkmen egmek, Uzbek egmoq and Yakut иэх (ieq).

#### Verb

اكمك • (eğmek) (third-person singular aorist اكر (eğer))
* (transitive) to bend, crook, curve, inflect, curl, to cause something to change its shape into a curve
    Synonyms: بوكمك (bükmek), قیورمق (kıvırmak)
* (transitive) to incline, tilt, lean, slant, tip, to bend or move something out of a given plane or direction
    Synonym: میل ایتمك (meyl etmek)
* (transitive) to bow, bow down, to bend the upper body as a social gesture of respect or deference

##### Derived terms

* آغیز اكمك (ağız eğmek, “to implore, beseech”)
* اكدرمك (eğdirmek, “to make or let be bent”)
* اكرلمك (eğrilmek, “to become bent”)
* باش اكمك (baş eğmek, “to bow the head”)
* بل اكمك (bel eğmek, “to surrender”)
* بویون اكمك (boyun eğmek, “to let oneself be subjugated”)
* یوز اكمك (yüz eğmek, “to be annoyed”)

##### Related terms

* اكری (eğri, “crooked, bent”)
* اكسه (eñse, “nape; occiput”)
* اكن (eğin, “upper part of the back”)
* اكیج (eğic, “honey-gatherer's hook”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: eğmek

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 95
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “eğmek1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1381
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “اكمك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 58a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اكمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 130
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Flectere”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 589
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اكمك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 360
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “eğ-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اكمك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 176