# 狗

| 狗 | U+72D7, &#29399; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D7 |
| ← 狖 [U+72D6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 狘 → [U+72D8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

狗 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹心口 (KHPR), four-corner 4722$_0$, composition ⿰犭句)

#### Derived characters

* 𭲉, 𬍉, 𬍌, 𮏛, 𤟳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 709, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20345
* Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 22
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1341, character 5
* Unihan data for U+72D7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 狗 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koːʔ): semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

### Etymology

From some language ancestral to modern Hmong-Mien languages, from Proto-Hmong-Mien *qluwˣ (“dog”), perhaps from Proto-Austronesian *(u-)(ŋ)kuɣkuɣ (“dog”) (Norman, 1988; Benedict, 1996).
Alternatively, STEDT derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”), whence also 犬 (OC *kʰʷeːnʔ).
Less likely, it may be related to 駒 (OC *ko, “foal”), 羔 (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”) (Wang, 1982).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gǒu (gou$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gou$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gau$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): geu$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): gieu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kiéu
    (Hailu, HRS): gieu$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gêu$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): gou$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ě / gě
* Eastern Min (BUC): gēu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gao$^3$ / gieo$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): káu / kó͘ / kió
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^2$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): gao$^2$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$keu / $^3$keu / $^3$kei
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gou$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǒu
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^3$
*** Yale: gǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goou
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: gou$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gou
*** Sinological IPA : /kəu⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gau$^2$
*** Yale: gáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐu̯³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: geu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /keu⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: gieu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiéu
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gieu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kieu²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gêu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /keu³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kəu⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě / gě
*** Sinological IPA : /e²¹/, /ke²¹/
* ě - vernacular;
* gě - literary.
* Middle Chinese: kuwX
Rime :
| Character | 狗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古厚切 |
| Baxter | kuwX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ku$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.kˤroʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 狗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.kˁroʔ/ |
| English | dog |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 狗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7068 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 苟 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːʔ/ |

### Definitions

狗
* dog (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 條／条 m)
    餵狗／喂狗 ― wèi gǒu ― to feed a dog
    累成狗 ― lèi chéng gǒu ― extremely tired [cf. dog-tired]
* (derogatory) something or someone unpleasant
    的士狗 ― deshì gǒu ― "taxi dog" (unprofessional taxi drivers)
    From: 2001, Chiung Yao, 情深深雨濛濛, episode 39 (Mainland version)
    Nǐ shì tiáo gǒu, shì wángba yǎng de! [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
** Used as an attributive.
    狗男女 ― gǒu nánnǚ ― couple in an illicit love affair
    狗官 ― gǒuguān ― government official
       Kàn lǎoniáng chuí bào nǐ de gǒu tóu! [Pinyin]
       See how I hammer you in your goddamn head!
** (neologism, self-deprecatory) a miserable person (used in compounds)
    單身狗／单身狗 ― dānshēngǒu ― singleton
** (neologism, self-deprecatory) obedient or overworked employee; workhorse; wage slave
    Synonym: 社畜 (shèchù)
    公司的狗 ― gōngsī de gǒu ― corporate slave; corporate lackey
    IT狗 ― IT gǒu ― a person working in the IT industry
** (Hong Kong, neologism, derogatory) police; pig; po-po
    From: 2019,
    jyun$^4$ zo$^2$ gan$^1$ daai$^6$ deoi$^{6-2}$ heoi$^3$ gau$^2$ uk$^1$ [Jyutping]
    follow us to the dog house (=police headquarters) afterwards
    From: 2019,
    lan$^2$ gau$^2$ hang$^4$ dung$^6$ [Jyutping]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (chiefly Beijing Mandarin) to flatter
* (Cantonese) cunning
* (obsolete) cub; young bear or tiger
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (dog):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 犬 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 狗 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 犬 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 狗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 狗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 狗子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 狗子, 狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 狗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 狗, 狗子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 狗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 狗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 狗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 狗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 狗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 狗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 狗, 狗兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 狗, 狗子, 狗狗 childish, 來富 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 狗, 狗子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 狗, 狗子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 狗, 狗子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 狗, 狗崽, 三六, 地羊 as food |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 狗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 狗, 狗子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 狗, 狗子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 狗, 狗子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 狗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 狗子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 狗, 㕵㕵 childish, 㕵㕵狗 childish |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 狗 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 狗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 狗 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 狗 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 狗 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 狗, 無角羊 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Taoyuan) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Gaobei) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Tangkeng) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Fengliang) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Pantian) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Changting | 狗 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 狗子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 狗仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 狗仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 狗, 狗仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 狗 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 狗 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 狗 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 狗 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 狗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 狗兒, 狗 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 狗 |
| Jin | Datong | 狗, 狗娃子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 狗 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 狗兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 狗 |
| Jin | Linhe | 狗, 狗子 |
| Jin | Jining | 狗 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 狗 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 狗 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 狗 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 狗 |
| Jin | Handan | 狗 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 狗 |
| Jin | Suide | 狗 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 狗仔, 狗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 犬, 犬囝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 犬 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 犬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 狗仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 狗, 四五 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 狗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 狗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 狗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 狗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 狗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 狗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 狗, 狗囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 狗, 狗囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 狗, 狗囝 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 狗 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 狗 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 狗, 地羊 dated, euphemistic, 三六 argot, 四打五 argot |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 狗 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 狗 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 狗 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 狗 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 狗 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 狗 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 狗 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 狗 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 狗 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 狗 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 狗 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 狗 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 狗 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 狗 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 犬 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 犬 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Baisha) | 犬 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Liangjiatan) | 犬 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Lijiatian) | 犬 |
| Waxiang | Chengbu (Xuntou) | 犬 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 狗, 汪汪狗 childish |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 狗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 狗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 狗子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 狗 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 黃狗 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 狗, 𡀿𡀿 childish |
| Wu | Jinhua | 狗 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 狗 |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang | 狗 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 狗 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 狗 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 狗, 災狗子 derogatory |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 狗 |
* (Hong Kong: police): 警犬 (jǐngquǎn)

### Compounds

* 一塊羊肉落在狗口裡 / 一块羊肉落在狗口里
* 人急懸梁，狗急跳牆 / 人急悬梁，狗急跳墙
* 人模狗樣 / 人模狗样 (rénmógǒuyàng)
* 偷狗戲雞 / 偷狗戏鸡
* 偷貓遞狗 / 偷猫递狗
* 偷雞吊狗 / 偷鸡吊狗
* 偷雞摸狗 / 偷鸡摸狗 (tōujīmōgǒu)
* 偷雞盜狗 / 偷鸡盗狗
* 兔死狗烹 (tùsǐgǒupēng)
* 兔盡狗烹 / 兔尽狗烹
* 功人功狗
* 功狗
* 功狗功人
* 北京狗 (běijīnggǒu)
* 咬人狗
* 咬人的狗兒不露齒 / 咬人的狗儿不露齿
* 哈巴狗
* 哈巴狗咬虼蚤
* 唔食狗肉撈狗汁 / 唔食狗肉捞狗汁
* 喪家之狗 / 丧家之狗 (sàngjiāzhīgǒu)
* 喪家狗 / 丧家狗
* 國狗 / 国狗
* 土狗 (tǔgǒu)
* 土龍芻狗 / 土龙刍狗
* 塞狗洞
* 大丹狗
* 天狗 (tiāngǒu)
* 天狗吃月
* 天狗吞月
* 天狗熱 / 天狗热 (tiāngǒurè)
* 天狗螺
* 天狗食月 (tiāngǒu shíyuè)
* 天落饅頭狗造化 / 天落馒头狗造化
* 嫁狗隨狗 / 嫁狗随狗
* 嫁雞隨雞，嫁狗隨狗 / 嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗 (jià jī suí jī, jià gǒu suí gǒu)
* 寧塞城門，不填狗洞 / 宁塞城门，不填狗洞
* 小奶狗 (xiǎonǎigǒu)
* 屠狗
* 屠狗之輩 / 屠狗之辈
* 巴兒狗 / 巴儿狗 (bārgǒu)
* 幫狗吃食 / 帮狗吃食
* 弄狗相咬
* 引狗入寨
* 懸羊頭賣狗肉 / 悬羊头卖狗肉 (xuán yángtóu mài gǒuròu)
* 打人罵狗 / 打人骂狗
* 打狗 (Dǎgǒu)
* 打落水狗 (dǎluòshuǐgǒu)
* 拖狗皮
* 指豬罵狗 / 指猪骂狗
* 指雞罵狗 / 指鸡骂狗
* 捉雞罵狗 / 捉鸡骂狗
* 掛羊頭煮狗肉 / 挂羊头煮狗肉
* 掛羊頭賣狗肉 / 挂羊头卖狗肉 (guà yángtóu mài gǒuròu)
* 摸雞偷狗 / 摸鸡偷狗
* 攬狗屎 / 揽狗屎
* 替狗奪食 / 替狗夺食
* 死狗
* 殺狗勸夫 / 杀狗劝夫
* 殺狗記 / 杀狗记
* 母狗 (mǔgǒu)
* 泥豬瓦狗 / 泥猪瓦狗
* 流浪狗 (liúlànggǒu)
* 海狗 (hǎigǒu)
* 烏狗吃食，白狗當災 / 乌狗吃食，白狗当灾
* 無聲狗咬死人 / 无声狗咬死人
* 熱狗 / 热狗 (règǒu)
* 牛黃狗寶 / 牛黄狗宝
* 狗仔 (gǒuzǎi)
* 狗仗人勢 / 狗仗人势
* 狗仗官勢 / 狗仗官势
* 狗偷鼠竊 / 狗偷鼠窃
* 狗兔聽提 / 狗兔听提
* 狗刨 (gǒupáo)
* 狗刨兒 / 狗刨儿
* 狗口裡吐不出象牙 / 狗口里吐不出象牙
* 狗吃屎
* 狗吃熱屎 / 狗吃热屎
* 狗吠之警
* 狗吠之驚 / 狗吠之惊
* 狗吠非主
* 狗命
* 狗咬 (gǒuyǎo)
* 狗咬呂洞賓 / 狗咬吕洞宾 (gǒu yǎo Lǚ Dòngbīn)
* 狗咬呂洞賓——不識好人心 / 狗咬吕洞宾——不识好人心 (gǒu yǎo Lǚ Dòngbīn, bùshí hǎorén xīn)
* 狗咬狗 (gǒuyǎogǒu)
* 狗咬狗骨
* 狗嘴裡吐不出象牙 / 狗嘴里吐不出象牙 (gǒu zuǐ lǐ tǔ bù chū xiàngyá)
* 狗嘴裡還有象牙 / 狗嘴里还有象牙
* 狗嘴長不出象牙 / 狗嘴长不出象牙
* 狗套頭 / 狗套头
* 狗子 (gǒuzi)
* 狗子夾尾巴 / 狗子夹尾巴
* 狗官 (gǒuguān)
* 狗寶 / 狗宝
* 狗屁 (gǒupì)
* 狗屁不通 (gǒupìbùtōng)
* 狗屁倒灶 (gǒupìdǎozào)
* 狗尾續貂 / 狗尾续貂 (gǒuwěixùdiāo)
* 狗尾草 (gǒuwěicǎo)
* 狗屎 (gǒushǐ)
* 狗屋 (gǒuwū)
* 狗屎堆 (gǒushǐduī)
* 狗屠
* 狗屠角牴 / 狗屠角抵
* 狗崽子 (gǒuzǎizi)
* 狗彘
* 狗彘不如
* 狗彘不若 (gǒuzhìbùruò)
* 狗彘不食
* 狗心狗行
* 狗急跳牆 / 狗急跳墙 (gǒujítiàoqiáng)
* 狗才
* 狗拿耗子
* 狗探湯 / 狗探汤
* 狗攬三堆屎 / 狗揽三堆屎
* 狗改不了吃屎 (gǒu gǎi bùliǎo chī shǐ)
* 狐朋狗友 (húpénggǒuyǒu)
* 狐朋狗黨 / 狐朋狗党
* 狗材
* 狗毛
* 狗氣 / 狗气
* 狗氣殺 / 狗气杀
* 狗洞
* 狗烹錡釜 / 狗烹锜釜
* 狗熊 (gǒuxióng)
* 狗爪子
* 狗牌 (gǒupái)
* 狐狸狗
* 狗獾 (gǒuhuān)
* 狗瘦主人羞
* 狗皮倒灶
* 狗皮膏藥 / 狗皮膏药
* 狗盜 / 狗盗
* 狗盜雞鳴 / 狗盗鸡鸣
* 狗盜鼠竊 / 狗盗鼠窃
* 狗監 / 狗监
* 狗眼看人低 (gǒuyǎn kàn rén dī)
* 狗矢
* 狗窩 / 狗窝 (gǒuwō)
* 狗竇 / 狗窦 (gǒudòu)
* 狗竇大開 / 狗窦大开
* 狗站
* 狗續貂尾 / 狗续貂尾
* 狐群狗黨 / 狐群狗党 (húqún-gǒudǎng)
* 狗肉 (gǒuròu)
* 狗肺狼心 (gǒufèilángxīn)
* 狗腿 (gǒutuǐ)
* 狗腿子 (gǒutuǐzi)
* 狗膽包天 / 狗胆包天
* 狗臉生六月之霜 / 狗脸生六月之霜
* 狗苟
* 狗苟蠅營 / 狗苟蝇营
* 狗蚤
* 狗蝨 / 狗虱 (gǒushī)
* 狗血 (gǒuxuè)
* 狗血噴臉 / 狗血喷脸
* 狗血噴頭 / 狗血喷头 (gǒuxuèpēntóu)
* 狗血淋頭 / 狗血淋头 (gǒuxuèlíntóu)
* 狗行狼心
* 狗衝 / 狗冲
* 狗豆子
* 狗賊 / 狗贼
* 狗追耗子
* 狗長尾巴尖兒 / 狗长尾巴尖儿
* 狗雜種 / 狗杂种 (gǒuzázhǒng)
* 狗頭上生角 / 狗头上生角
* 狗頭軍師 / 狗头军师 (gǒutóujūnshī)
* 狗顛兒 / 狗颠儿
* 狗顛屁股 / 狗颠屁股
* 狗食
* 狗馬 / 狗马
* 狗馬之心 / 狗马之心
* 狗馬聲色 / 狗马声色
* 狗骨頭 / 狗骨头
* 狐鳴狗盜 / 狐鸣狗盗
* 狗黨狐群 / 狗党狐群
* 狡兔死，良狗烹
* 狼心狗幸 (lángxīn gǒu xìng)
* 狼心狗肺 (lángxīngǒufèi)
* 狼心狗行 (láng xīn gǒu xíng)
* 狼狗 (lánggǒu)
* 獅子狗 / 狮子狗 (shīzigǒu)
* 獵狗 / 猎狗 (liègǒu)
* 獾狗
* 畫虎成狗 / 画虎成狗
* 畫虎類狗 / 画虎类狗
* 痟狗湧 / 痟狗涌 (siáu-káu-éng)
* 痟狗舂墓壙 / 痟狗舂墓圹 (siáu káu cheng bōng-khòng)
* 瘈狗
* 瘋狗 / 疯狗 (fēnggǒu)
* 瘋狗浪 / 疯狗浪 (fēnggǒulàng)
* 瘋狗潮 / 疯狗潮
* 癩皮狗 / 癞皮狗 (làipígǒu)
* 白衣蒼狗 / 白衣苍狗 (báiyī-cānggǒu)
* 白雲蒼狗 / 白云苍狗 (báiyún-cānggǒu)
* 看家狗
* 笨狗
* 羊肉落在狗嘴裡 / 羊肉落在狗嘴里
* 羊頭狗肉 / 羊头狗肉 (yángtóugǒuròu)
* 耍死狗
* 耍狗熊
* 耷尾狗
* 聲色狗馬 / 声色狗马
* 肉包子打狗 (ròubāozi dǎ gǒu)
* 臘腸狗 / 腊肠狗
* 舔狗 (tiǎngǒu)
* 芻狗 / 刍狗 (chúgǒu)
* 莠狗尾草
* 落水狗
* 落水狗上岸
* 落水狗上岸——窮抖 / 落水狗上岸——穷抖
* 落狗屎
* 落閘放狗 / 落闸放狗
* 蠅營狗苟 / 蝇营狗苟 (yíngyínggǒugǒu)
* 行同狗彘
* 行同狗豨
* 行若狗彘 (xíngruògǒuzhì)
* 見兔呼狗 / 见兔呼狗
* 豬兄狗弟 / 猪兄狗弟
* 豬朋狗友 / 猪朋狗友 (zhūpénggǒuyǒu)
* 豬毋大，大對狗去 / 猪毋大，大对狗去 (ti m̄ tōa, tōa tùi káu khì) (Min Nan)
* 豬狗不如 / 猪狗不如 (zhūgǒubùrú)
* 賣狗懸羊 / 卖狗悬羊
* 赤狗日
* 走狗 (zǒugǒu)
* 走狗烹
* 跖狗吠堯 / 跖狗吠尧
* 跑狗場 / 跑狗场
* 跟尾狗
* 踏狗尾
* 踹狗尾
* 遛狗 (liùgǒu)
* 金窩銀窩不如自己的狗窩 / 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝
* 鑽狗洞 / 钻狗洞
* 關門打狗，無路可走 / 关门打狗，无路可走
* 阿崩叫狗，越叫越走
* 阿崩咬狗虱，唔死有排慌
* 阿狗阿貓 / 阿狗阿猫 (āgǒu'āmāo)
* 阿豬阿狗 / 阿猪阿狗
* 阿貓阿狗 / 阿猫阿狗 (āmāo'āgǒu)
* 雞零狗碎 / 鸡零狗碎
* 雞飛狗走 / 鸡飞狗走 (jīfēigǒuzǒu)
* 雞飛狗跳 / 鸡飞狗跳 (jīfēigǒutiào)
* 雞鳴狗吠 / 鸡鸣狗吠
* 雞鳴狗盜 / 鸡鸣狗盗 (jīmínggǒudào)
* 飛鷹走狗 / 飞鹰走狗
* 餓狗搶屎 / 饿狗抢屎
* 驢心狗肺 / 驴心狗肺
* 鬣狗 (liègǒu)
* 鬥雞走狗 / 斗鸡走狗
* 魚狗 / 鱼狗 (yúgǒu)
* 鳥不生蛋，狗不拉屎 / 鸟不生蛋，狗不拉屎
* 黑狗子
* 鼠竊狗偷 / 鼠窃狗偷
* 鼠竊狗盜 / 鼠窃狗盗

### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: cẩu (狗)
Others:
* Wutunhua: gek

### See also

* (Chinese zodiac signs) (~年) 鼠 (shǔ), 牛 (niú), 虎 (hǔ), 兔 (tù), 龍／龙 (lóng), 蛇 (shé), 馬／马 (mǎ), 羊 (yáng), 猴 (hóu), 雞／鸡 (jī), 狗 (gǒu), 豬／猪 (zhū)

### References

* “狗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “狗”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* Peyraube, Alain. "Ancient Chinese." The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Ed. Roger D. Woodard. Cambridge UP, 2004. 1012.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* puppy, dog
* a sentinel
* a snoop or spy
* useless, wasteful

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: いぬ (inu, 狗)、えぬ (enu, 狗)

#### Compounds

* 狗(いぬ)鷲(わし) (inuwashi): golden eagle
* 狗(く)肉(にく) (kuniku): dog meat
* 狗(く)吠(はい) (kuhai): dog's barking, or the voice thereof
* 天(てん)狗(ぐ) (tengu): long-nosed goblin; braggart

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 狗
* いぬ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 狗 – see the following entry. :
| 【犬いぬ】1 | [noun] dog, canine [noun] servant; one who is loyal (like a dog) [noun] spy Alternative spelling イヌ |
(This term, 狗, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 狗
* えぬ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
First cited to the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.
Ultimate derivation uncertain. Theories include a fusion of わ (*wa-, diminutive prefix?) + 犬 (inu, “dog”), an ancient nativized borrowing from Old Chinese 犬 (OC *kʰʷeːnʔ, “dog”), in turn, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n, or an unraised vowel extension of Proto-Japonic *enu (“dog”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞nɯ̟]

#### Noun

狗(えぬ) • (enu)
* (obsolete) a puppy or dog

##### Usage notes

Obsolete. Not listed in most dictionaries.

### References

* ↑ “狗”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Hanja

狗 (eumhun 개 구 (gae gu))
* hanja form of 구 (“dog”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

狗: Hán Việt readings: cẩu (舉(cử)后(hậu)切(thiết))
狗: Nôm readings: cẩu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 海狗 (hải cẩu)

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* ↑ Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).