# 不啻
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bùchì
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄔˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bat$^1$ ci$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bók-siê
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bùchì [Phonetic: búchì]
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄔˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bùchìh
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$-chʻih$^4$
*** Yale: bù-chr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buchyh
*** Palladius: бучи (buči)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bat$^1$ ci$^3$
*** Yale: bāt chi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bat$^7$ tsi$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bed$^1$ qi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bók-siê
*** Sinological IPA : /puʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ siɛ²⁴²/
* Middle Chinese: pjuw|pjuwX|pjut syeH
Rime :
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 啻 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 物 (60) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 施智切 |
| Baxter | pjuw | pjuwX | pjut | syeH |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨu/ | /pɨu$^X$/ | /pɨut̚/ | /ɕiᴇ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piut̚/ | /ɕiɛ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piəu/ | /piəu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ɕjɛ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puw/ | /puw$^X$/ | /put̚/ | /ɕiə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ɕie$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭəu/ | /pĭəu$^X$/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /ɕǐe$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /ɕie̯$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fōu | fǒu | fu | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fau$^1$ | fau$^2$ | fat$^1$ | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ' hljeɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 不 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*pə/ |
| English | not |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 啻 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 2322 |
| Phonetic component | 不 | 不 | 不 | 帝 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 | 物 | 賜 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 不 | 缶 | 弗 | 翅 |
| Old Chinese | /*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*hljeɡs/ |
| Notes | | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | |

### Verb

不啻
* (literary, chiefly for emphasis) to be no less than; to exceed
    From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rén zhī yàn shèng, qí xīn hào zhī, bùchì rú zì qí kǒu chū, shì néng róng zhī. [Pinyin]
    When he finds accomplished and sage men, loving them in his heart more than his mouth expresses, really showing himself able to bear them.
* (literary) to be no more than
    From: Yan Zhitui, The Family Instructions of Master Yan, 6th century CE
    Qiě “Tàixuán” jīn jìng hé yòng hū? Bùchì fùjiàngbù éryǐ. [Pinyin]
    Moreover, what is the use of Taixuanjing nowadays? At best, it can be used to cover jars of sauce.
    From: 1096, Su Shi,《與蒲傳正書》 (Letter to Pu Zongmeng)
    Shūhuà qí wù, lǎodì jìnnián shì zhī, bùchì rú fèntǔ yě. [Pinyin]
    Over the years, I've come to regard calligraphy and painting and other precious things as nothing more than dirt.
* (literary) to be no different from; to be tantamount to
    From: 815, Bai Juyi,《為人上宰相書》
    Gù shí wèi zhì, shèngxián bù jìn ér qiú; shí jì lái, shèngxián bù tuì ér ràng: gài dé zhī zé bùchìhū shì bàn ér gōng bèi yě, shī zhī zé bùchìhū shì bèi ér gōng bàn yě. [Pinyin]
    When the right time has not yet come, sages and wise men do not actively seek after it, but should it come, they will not give up the opportunity to others either. For, if one grasps the opportunity, it is tantamount to achieving twice the result with half the effort, whereas, if one misses it, the effort is doubtless to be doubled and the result may get halved too.

#### Synonyms

* (to be no less than): 不止 (bùzhǐ)
* (to be no more than): 不過／不过 (bùguò), 充其量 (chōngqíliàng)
* (to be no different from): 如同 (rútóng), 無異於／无异于 (wúyìyú)

### Conjunction

不啻
* (literary) not only
    From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Ěr kè jìng, tiān wéi bì jīn ěr; ěr bùkè jìng, ěr bùchì bùyǒu ěr tǔ, yǔ yì zhì tiān zhī fá yú ěr gōng. [Pinyin]
    If you can reverently obey, Heaven will favour and compassionate you. If you do not reverently obey, you shall not only not have your lands, but I will also carry to the utmost Heaven's inflictions on your persons.

#### Synonyms

* 不但 (bùdàn)
* 不僅 / 不仅 (bùjǐn)
* 不光 (bùguāng)
* 不只 (bùzhǐ)
* 不單 / 不单 (bùdān)
* 不惟 (bùwéi) (literary)
* 不止 (bùzhǐ)
* 不特 (bùtè) (literary)
* 不獨 / 不独 (bùdú)
* 不直 (bùzhí) (literary)
* 不第 (bùdì) (literary)
* 不論 / 不论 (bùlùn) (literary)
* 伓止 (ēng-cǐ) (Northern Min, Hokkien)
* 勿僅 / 勿仅 ($^8$veq-jin) (Wu)
* 勿僅僅 / 勿仅仅 ($^8$veq-jin-jin) (Wu)
* 勿光 ($^8$veq-kuaon) (Wu)
* 唔只 (m$^4$ zi$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 唔單 / 唔单 (m$^6$ duan$^1$) (Teochew)
* 唔單只 / 唔单只 (m$^4$ daan$^1$ zi$^2$) (Cantonese, Teochew)
* 唔淨只 / 唔净只 (m$^4$ zing$^6$ zi$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 毋但 (Hokkien)
* 豈但 / 岂但 (qǐdàn) (literary)
* 非但 (fēidàn)
* 非獨 / 非独 (fēidú)
* 非論 / 非论 (fēilùn) (literary)