# 鄉下
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāngxia, xiāngxià
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ, ㄒㄧㄤ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoeng$^1$ haa$^{6-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiang$^1$ ha$^{5*}$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hiông-ha
    (Hailu, HRS): hiong$^ˋ$ ha$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hiong$^1$ ha$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): hióng-à
* Eastern Min (BUC): hiŏng-â
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hieo$^1$ or$^5$ / hiuⁿ$^1$ or$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hiuⁿ-ē / hiuⁿ-ě / hioⁿ-ēe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hion$^1$ ê$^6$ / hiên$^1$ ê$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shian-gho
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāngxia
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siangsiå
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^1$-hsia$^5$
*** Yale: syāng-sya
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiang.shia
*** Palladius: сянся (sjansja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä²/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāngxià
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siangsià
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^1$-hsia$^4$
*** Yale: syāng-syà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiangshiah
*** Palladius: сянся (sjansja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoeng$^1$ haa$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: hēung há
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng$^1$ haa$^{6-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hêng$^1$ ha$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /hœːŋ⁵⁵ haː²²⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hiang$^1$ ha$^{5*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiaŋ³³ ha³²⁻³²⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiông-ha
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong$^ˊ$ ha
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hiong$^1$ ha$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong$^ˋ$ ha$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /hioŋ⁵³ ha³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiong$^1$ ha$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ha⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hióng-à
*** Sinological IPA : /xiɔŋ⁵⁴ a⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hiŏng-â
*** Sinological IPA : /hyoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋɑ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo$^1$ or$^5$ [Phonetic: hieo$^2$ or$^5$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ha̤uⁿ-ō̤
*** Sinological IPA : /hieu⁵³³⁻¹³ ɒ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hiuⁿ$^1$ or$^5$ [Phonetic: hiuⁿ$^2$ or$^5$]
*** Sinological IPA : /hĩũ⁵³³⁻¹³ ɒ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiuⁿ-ē
*** Tâi-lô: hiunn-ē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hviu'e
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiũ⁴⁴⁻²² e²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiũ⁴⁴⁻³³ e³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiuⁿ-ě
*** Tâi-lô: hiunn-ě
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiũ³³ e²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hioⁿ-ēe
*** Tâi-lô: hionn-ēe
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² ɛ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hion$^1$ ê$^6$ / hiên$^1$ ê$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hioⁿ ĕ / hieⁿ ĕ
*** Sinological IPA : /hĩõ³³⁻²³ e³⁵/, /hĩẽ³³⁻²³ e³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shian-gho
*** MiniDict: shian$^平$ gho
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xian-hho
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

### Noun

鄉下
* the countryside; the country; rural area
       Fàngjià le, wǒmen yījiādàxiǎo wǎng xiāngxià qù tànwàng zǔmǔ. [Pinyin]
       We had a holiday, so our whole family went to the countryside to visit grandmother.
       Yào wǒ shuō a, xiāngxià měilì de tiányuán fēngguāng jiù bǐ fēngjǐngqū de hǎo. [Pinyin]
       If you ask me, the scenery in the countryside is more beautiful than that in the scenic spots.
* (somewhat dialectal) hometown; native land
    回鄉下／回乡下 ― huí xiāngxià ― to go back to one's village
       nei$^5$ gei$^2$ noi$^6$ sin$^1$ faan$^1$ jat$^1$ ci$^3$ hoeng$^1$ haa$^{6-2}$ gaa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       How often do you go back to your hometown?
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, humorous) foreign places where Hong Kongers frequently travel to, especially Japan (see 返鄉下／返乡下)

#### Synonyms

* (countryside):
* 四鄉 / 四乡 (sìxiāng) (countryside around a town)
* 山野 (shānyě) (figurative)
* 庄跤 (“chng-kha”) (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 村野 (cūnyě)
* 田園 / 田园 (tiányuán)
* 田舍 (tiánshè) (literary)
* 田野 (tiányě)
* 田間 / 田间 (tiánjiān)
* 草地 (cao$^2$ di$^7$) (Teochew, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 草野 (cǎoyě) (literary)
* 莊下 / 庄下 (Hakka)
* 農村 / 农村 (nóngcūn)
* 郊野 (jiāoyě)
* 鄉村 / 乡村 (xiāngcūn)
* 鄉社 / 乡社 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 鄉裡 / 乡里 (xian$^1$ li) (Xiang)
* 鄉間 / 乡间 (xiāngjiān) (in the countryside)
* 野外 (yěwài)
* (hometown):
* 土 (literary, or in compounds)
* 家鄉 / 家乡 (jiāxiāng)
* 故國 / 故国 (gùguó) (literary)
* 故園 / 故园 (gùyuán) (literary)
* 故土 (gùtǔ)
* 故鄉 / 故乡 (gùxiāng)
* 故里 (gùlǐ)
* 老家 (lǎojiā)
* 老屋 (Hakka)
* 鄉土 / 乡土 (xiāngtǔ)
* 鄉梓 / 乡梓 (xiāngzǐ) (literary)
* 鄉關 / 乡关 (xiāngguān) (literary)
* 鄉黨 / 乡党 (xiāngdǎng) (Classical)
* (Japan):
* 11區 / 11区 (shíyī-qū) (Internet slang)
* 倭 (historical, now pejorative)
* 日 (abbreviation)
* 日本 (Rìběn)
* 日本國 / 日本国 (Rìběnguó) (official)
* 東洋 / 东洋 (Dōngyáng) (archaic)
* 東瀛 / 东瀛 (Dōngyíng) (literary, poetic)
* 立本 (lìběn) (internet slang)
* 霓虹 (níhóng) (Internet slang)

#### Derived terms

* 鄉下人 / 乡下人 (xiāngxiarén)
* 鄉下佬 / 乡下佬 (xiāngxiàlǎo)
* 鄉下庸 / 乡下庸
* 鄉下話 / 乡下话 (xiāngxiàhuà)