# 伽

| 伽 | U+4F3D, &#20285; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F3D |
| ← 似 [U+4F3C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 伾 → [U+4F3E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

伽 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人大尸口 (OKSR), four-corner 2620$_0$, composition ⿰亻加)

#### Derived characters

* 𭇿 𫈆

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 97, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 486
* Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 140, character 7
* Unihan data for U+4F3D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 妿 | *kaːl, *qaːl |
| 賀 | *ɡaːls |
| 迦 | *ka, *kal, *kraːl |
| 茄 | *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl |
| 伽 | *ɡa, *ɡal |
| 枷 | *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl |
| 嘉 | *kraːl |
| 加 | *kraːl |
| 笳 | *kraːl |
| 痂 | *kraːl |
| 袈 | *kraːl |
| 跏 | *kraːl |
| 珈 | *kraːl |
| 鴐 | *kraːl |
| 架 | *kraːls |
| 駕 | *kraːls |
| 瘸 | *ɡʷal |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡa, *ɡal): semantic 人 (“man”) + phonetic 加 (OC *kraːl).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qié (qie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ke$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qié
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cié
*** Wade–Giles: chʻieh$^2$
*** Yale: chyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chye
*** Palladius: це (ce)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ke$^4$
*** Yale: kèh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ke$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ké$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɛː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: gja
Rime :
| Character | 伽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (96) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 求迦切 |
| Baxter | gja |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨa/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡǐɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ke$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡa/, /*ɡal/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 伽 | 伽 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5868 | 5869 |
| Phonetic component | 加 | 加 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 伽 | 伽 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡa/ | /*ɡal/ |
| Notes | 譯音字，僧伽saṃɡha | |

#### Definitions

伽
* Archaic form of 茄 (“eggplant”).
* Used in transcription. Especially for Sanskrit syllables गा (gā), ग (ga), घा (ghā), घ (gha), का (kā), and क (ka).

#### Compounds

* 伽伽
* 伽南香 (qiénánxiāng)
* 伽藍 / 伽蓝 (qiélán)
* 伽藍鳥 / 伽蓝鸟 (qiélánniǎo)
* 僧伽
* 僧伽藍 / 僧伽蓝
* 楞伽經 / 楞伽经
* 薄伽梵 (Bóqiéfàn)
* 迦膩色伽 / 迦腻色伽 (Jiānìsèqié)
* 迦陵頻伽 / 迦陵频伽 (jiālíngpínjiā)
* 阿伽陀 (āqiétuó)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation 1

* 伽
* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiā (jia$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiā
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jia
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^1$
*** Yale: jyā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jia
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$
*** Yale: gā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵/

##### Definitions

伽
* Used in transcription.
* Short for 伽利略 (jiālìlüè, “galileo (unit)”).

##### Compounds

* 伽倻琴
* 伽利略 (jiālìlüè)
* 伽師 / 伽师 (Jiāshī)
* 僧伽羅語 / 僧伽罗语 (Sēngjiāluóyǔ)
* 歐米伽 / 欧米伽 (ōumǐjiā)
* 熱力瑜伽 / 热力瑜伽 (rèlì yújiā)
* 熱瑜伽 / 热瑜伽 (rèyújiā)
* 瑜伽 (yújiā)
* 瑜伽功 (yújiāgōng)
* 瑜伽士 (yújiāshì)
* 瑜伽宗
* 瑜伽派
* 瑜伽行派
* 瑜伽術 / 瑜伽术 (yújiāshù)
* 那伽
* 阿伏伽德羅常量 / 阿伏伽德罗常量 (Āfújiādéluó chángliàng)
* 阿伏伽德羅數 / 阿伏伽德罗数 (Āfújiādéluó-shù)
* 高溫瑜伽 / 高温瑜伽 (gāowēn yújiā)

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gā, jiā
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄚ, ㄐㄧㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gā
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ga
*** Wade–Giles: ka$^1$
*** Yale: gā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ga
*** Palladius: га (ga)
*** Sinological IPA : /kä⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiā
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jia
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^1$
*** Yale: jyā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jia
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$
*** Yale: gā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵/

##### Definitions

伽
* Used in transcription. Especially for the first syllable of the word gamma.

##### Compounds

* 伽馬刀 / 伽马刀 (gāmǎdāo)
* 伽馬射線 / 伽马射线 (gāmǎ shèxiàn)
* 伽馬粒子 / 伽马粒子 (gāmǎ lìzǐ)

### References

* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “伽”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03449-002

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* nursing
* attending
* entertainer
* used for transliterating Sanskrit

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎゃ (gya)
* Kan-on: きゃ (kya)
* Kan’yō-on: か (ka)、が (ga)
* Kun: とぎ (togi, 伽)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 伽
* とぎ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞ɡʲi]

### Noun

伽(とぎ) • (togi)
* relieving one of boredom with a story; also, such a person
* attending one in their bedroom; also, such a person
* nursing or taking care of a person; also, such a person

## Korean
### Hanja

伽 (eumhun 절 가 (jeol ga))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

伽: Hán Nôm readings: già, giả, gia, nhà
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation