# lom
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlom]
* Rhymes: -om

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech lom, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

#### Noun

lom m inan
* an open mine
* diffraction or refraction

##### Related terms

* lomit

#### See also

* důl

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

lom
* second-person singular imperative of lomit

### Further reading

* “lom”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lom”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lom”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlom]
* Hyphenation: lom
* Rhymes: -om

### Noun

lom (plural lomok)
* junk, bulky waste

#### Derived terms

* lomos
* lomtalanít → lomtalanítás

### Further reading

* lom in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish lomm (“bare”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /l̪ˠɑumˠ/, /l̪ˠoumˠ/
* (Galway) IPA: /l̪ˠuːmˠ/
* (Mayo) IPA: /l̪ˠʊmˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /l̪ˠʌmˠ/

### Adjective

lom (genitive singular masculine loim, genitive singular feminine loime, plural loma, comparative loime)
* bare
* bleak (of country)
* unadorned (of house)
* threadbare (of clothing)
* spare (of quarters)
* close
* (nominalized, masculine) something bare

#### Synonyms

* nocht

#### Derived terms

* ar lom (“bare, without trimmings”)
* cuireata ar lom (“lone knave”)
* cuireata lom
* de lom (“on purpose”)
* lom ar
* lom chun
* lom láithreach
* lom le
* lomabharróg
* lomaosta
* lomnocht

### Verb

lom (present analytic lomann, future analytic lomfaidh, verbal noun lomadh, past participle lomtha) (transitive, intransitive)
* to strip, denude
* to mow
* to shear (a sheep)

#### Conjugation

| verbal noun | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh | lomadh |
| past participle | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha | lomtha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | lomaim | lomann tú; lomair$^†$ | lomann sé, sí | lomaimid | lomann sibh | lomann siad; lomaid$^†$ | a lomann; a lomas | lomtar |
| past | lom mé; lomas | lom tú; lomais | lom sé, sí | lomamar; lom muid | lom sibh; lomabhair | lom siad; lomadar | a lom / ar lom* | lomadh |
| past habitual | lomainn | lomtá | lomadh sé, sí | lomaimis; lomadh muid | lomadh sibh | lomaidís; lomadh siad | a lomadh / a lomadh* | lomtaí |
| future | lomfaidh mé; lomfad | lomfaidh tú; lomfair$^†$ | lomfaidh sé, sí | lomfaimid; lomfaidh muid | lomfaidh sibh | lomfaidh siad; lomfaid$^†$ | a lomfaidh; a lomfas | lomfar |
| conditional | lomfainn | lomfá | lomfadh sé, sí | lomfaimis; lomfadh muid | lomfadh sibh | lomfaidís; lomfadh siad | a lomfadh / a lomfadh* | lomfaí |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go loma mé; go lomad$^†$ | go loma tú; go lomair$^†$ | go loma sé, sí | go lomaimid; go loma muid | go loma sibh | go loma siad; go lomaid$^†$ | — | go lomtar |
| past | dá lomainn | dá lomtá | dá lomadh sé, sí | dá lomaimis; dá lomadh muid | dá lomadh sibh | dá lomaidís; dá lomadh siad | — | dá lomtaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | lomaim | lom | lomadh sé, sí | lomaimis | lomaigí; lomaidh$^†$ | lomaidís | — | lomtar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

#### Synonyms

* (to strip, strip off): nocht
* (to strip off): rúisc, scamh, scoith

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 17, page 11
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 238, page 87

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьlьmъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɔm/

### Noun

lom m inan (diminutive lomk)
* elm, any tree of the genus Ulmus
    Synonyms: wěz, brěšć

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “lom”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “lom”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

### Noun

lom m (definite singular lommen, indefinite plural lommer, definite plural lommene)
* a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

#### Derived terms

* gulnebblom

### References

* “lom” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse lómr, ultimately imitative of the bird's cry, particularly when it's in danger.

### Noun

lom m (definite singular lomen or lommen, indefinite plural lomar or lommar, definite plural lomane or lommane)
* a diver or loon (waterbird of order Gaviiformes, family Gaviidae)

#### Derived terms

* gulnebblom

### References

* “lom” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Frisian
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lamaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“broken”). Cognates include Old English lama, Old Saxon lam and Old Dutch *lam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlom/

### Adjective

lom
* lame

#### Descendants

* North Frisian: lom, laam
* Saterland Frisian: lom
* West Frisian: lam

#### References

* Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

## Plautdietsch
### Adjective

lom
* lame

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian лом (lom), from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

### Noun

lom n (plural lomuri)
* crowbar

#### Declension
## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* lomm (Surmiran)

### Etymology

From Latin pulmō, from Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō.

### Noun

lom f (plural loms)
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lung

#### Synonyms

* (Sutsilvan) leav
* (Surmiran) lev
* (Puter, Vallader) pulmun

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish lomm.

### Adjective

lom (comparative luime)
* nude, naked
* bare, bleak
* leafless
* threadbare
* thin, meagre
* net (weight, sum etc)

#### Synonyms

* (nude): lomnochd, rùisgte
* (bare): rùisgte
* (leafless): gun duille, gun duilleag

### References

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “lom”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lomm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lôːm/

### Noun

lȏm m (Cyrillic spelling ло̑м)
* fracture
* breach, breakage
* rumpus, ruckus, uproar
* refraction, diffraction (of light)

#### Declension
### References

* “lom”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lomъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɔ́m/

### Noun

lȍm m inan
* fracture

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

### Further reading

* “lom”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “lom”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lʊm/

### Noun

lom c
* a loon (bird)

#### Declension
## Taivoan
### Numeral

lom
* six

## Uzbek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لَام (lām).

### Noun

lom (plural lomlar)
* the Arabic letter ل