# ऋतु
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* रितु (ritu)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit ऋतु (ṛtú). Doublet of रुत (rut), a tadbhava.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɾɪ.t̪uː/

### Noun

ऋतु • (ŕtu) f (Urdu spelling رتو)
* season
    Synonyms: मौसम (mausam), रुत (rut)
    पपीहा वर्षा ऋतु में सदा गाता है।papīhā varṣā ŕtu mẽ sadā gātā hai.The cuckoo always sings during the rainy season.
    भारत में छह ऋतुएँ होती हैं।bhārat mẽ chah ŕtuẽ hotī ha͠i.There are six seasons in India.

#### See also

Seasons in Hindi · ऋतु (ŕtu) (layout · text) · category :
| बसंत (basant), बहार (bahār, “spring”) | गर्मी (garmī), ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, “summer”) | शरत् (śarat), शरद् (śarad, “autumn”) | सर्दी (sardī, “winter”) |

#### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “ऋतु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “ऋतु”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ঋতু (Assamese script)
* ᬋᬢᬸ (Balinese script)
* ঋতু (Bengali script)
* 𑰆𑰝𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀋𑀢𑀼 (Brahmi script)
* ၒတု (Burmese script)
* ઋતુ (Gujarati script)
* ਰਤੁ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌋𑌤𑍁 (Grantha script)
* ꦉꦠꦸ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂱𑂞𑂳 (Kaithi script)
* ಋತು (Kannada script)
* ឫតុ (Khmer script)
* ຣິຕຸ (Lao script)
* ഋതു (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᡳᢠᡠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘆𑘝𑘳 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠢᢐᠤ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦦𑦽𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐆𑐟𑐸 (Newa script)
* ଋତୁ (Odia script)
* ꢈꢡꢸ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆉𑆠𑆶 (Sharada script)
* 𑖆𑖝𑖲 (Siddham script)
* ඍතු (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩙𑩫𑩒 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚙𑚰 (Takri script)
* ரிது (Tamil script)
* ఋతు (Telugu script)
* ฤตุ (Thai script)
* རྀ་ཏུ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒇𑒞𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨉𑨙𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥túš (“fixed period of time, season”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tú-s, from *h₂er- (“to fit, fix”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (ratu, “period of time”), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, “bond”), Old Armenian արդ (ard), Latin artus (“joint”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /r̩.tú/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /r̩.t̪u/

### Noun

ऋतु • (ṛtú) stem, m
* any settled point of time, fixed time, time appointed for any action (especially for sacrifices and other regular worship), right or fit time
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
* an epoch, period (especially a division or part of the year), season
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.53.7:आग॑न्दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒र्वर्ध॑तु॒ क्षयं॒ दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॑प्र॒जामिष॑म्। स नः॑ क्ष॒पाभि॒रह॑भिश्च जिन्वतु प्र॒जाव॑न्तं र॒यिम॒स्मे समि॑न्वतु॥ā́gandevá ṛtúbhirvárdhatu kṣáyaṃ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́míṣam. sá naḥ kṣapā́bhiráhabhiśca jinvatu prajā́vantaṃ rayímasmé sáminvatu.With the year's seasons hath Savitar, God, come nigh: may he prosper our home, give food and noble sons. May he invigorate us through the days and nights, and may he send us opulence with progeny.
* fixed order, order, rule
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
* the menstrual discharge (in women), the time after the courses (favourable for procreation; according to Bhāvaprakāśa sixteen days after their appearance)
* sexual union at the above time

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Derived terms

* आर्तव (ārtavá)
* ऋत्विय (ṛtviya)

#### Descendants

* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀉 (uu)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi:
*** Gurmukhi script: ਰੁੱਤ (rutta)
*** Shahmukhi script: رُت (rutta)
* Pali: utu

#### Borrowed terms

* → Assamese: ঋতু (ritu)
* → Bengali: ঋতু (ritu)
* → Gujarati: ઋતુ (ŕtu)
* → Hindi: ऋतु (ŕtu), रितु (ritu), रुत (rut)
* → Khmer: រដូវ (rɔdəw)
* → Lao: ລະດູ (la dū)
* → Marathi: ऋतू (rutū), रुतू (rutū)
* → Old Marathi: 𑘨𑘳𑘝𑘳 (rutu)
* → Sinhalese: ඍතුව (r̥tuwa)
* → Telugu: ఋతువు (r̥tuvu)
* → Thai: ฤดู (rʉ́-duu)
* → Urdu: رتو (ritu)

#### See also

Seasons in Sanskrit · ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) (layout · text) · category :
| कुसुमाकर (kusumākara, “spring”) | ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, “summer”) | शरद् (śarad, “autumn”) | हिम (hima, “winter”) |

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “ṛtú-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 257

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “ऋतु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 224, column 1.