# 審

| 審 | U+5BE9, &#23529; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE9 |
| ← 寨 [U+5BE8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寪 → [U+5BEA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

審 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十竹木田 (JHDW), four-corner 3060$_9$, composition ⿱宀番)

#### Derived characters

* 嬸, 瀋, 㰂, 讅, 㔤, 覾
* 𰃀, 𡂹, 𪬺, 𢸙, 𱡉, 𰖸, 𤪺, 𱳗, 𱵁, 𥣳, 𱤴, 𧺀, 𲄎, 𰼖, 𫇍
* 𣠒, 𧺁, 𧀯, 𮆳, 𱁨

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 291, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7316
* Dae Jaweon: page 577, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 954, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5BE9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 審 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 宷 | *hljɯmʔ |
| 審 | *hljɯmʔ |
| 瀋 | *l̥ʰjɯmʔ |
| 嬸 | *hljɯmʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 宀 (“roof”) + 釆 (“to distinguish”) + 田. There are two theories about the component 田. One is that it was originally 口 (“mouth”), then corrupted into 曰 (“say”), then further into 田. The other one is that its a remnant from a variant form ⿱宷思 with 心 omitted. The Shuowen Jiezi describes 審 as the seal script variant of 宷.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shěn (shen$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sen$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sam$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sim$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): siin$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́m
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sem$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): seng$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): sěng
* Eastern Min (BUC): sīng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sing$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sím
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sim$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shen$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shěn
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^3$
*** Yale: shěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheen
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: sen$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sen
*** Sinological IPA : /sən⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^2$
*** Yale: sám
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sim$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sim⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: siin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɨn²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m
*** Hakka Romanization System: siim$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sim$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨm³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /səm³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: seng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /səŋ⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sěng
*** Sinological IPA : /seiŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sīng
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sîng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sím
*** Tâi-lô: sím
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siem
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sim⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /sim⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sim⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sim$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sím
*** Sinological IPA : /sim⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$sen
*** MiniDict: sen$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$sen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: shen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʂən⁴¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /sən⁴¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit審 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂən²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂən²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʂən¹³/ /sən¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂẽ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʃə̃⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂən⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʂẽ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʂə̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂəŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂə̃n⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sən⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sən⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sen⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂə̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂən²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂən²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /səŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʂəŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sə̃ŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /səŋ³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /sən⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /sen⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /saŋ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʌ̃³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕian³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂən⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂən⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɨn²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /səm³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃem³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐm³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sɐm³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɐm³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sim⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /siŋ³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /seiŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sim⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /tim²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: syimX
Rime :
| Character | 審 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式任切 |
| Baxter | syimX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiɪm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕim$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjem$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕim$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiəm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭĕm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯əm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shěn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sam$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tʰ[ə]mʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯmʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 審 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shěn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syim$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.tʰ[ə]mʔ/ |
| English | examine, discriminate |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 審 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11261 |
| Phonetic component | 宷 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*hljɯmʔ/ |
| Notes | 荏由任校改，說文同宷 |

### Definitions

審
* to examine; to investigate
* (law) to try; to judge
* (literary, or in compounds) meticulous
* (literary, or in compounds) indeed

#### Synonyms

* (to examine):
* 審批 / 审批 (shěnpī, “to examine and approve”)
* 審查 / 审查 (shěnchá)
* 審核 / 审核 (shěnhé)
* 審計 / 审计 (shěnjì) (accounting, to audit)
* 對證 / 对证 (duìzhèng)
* 查對 / 查对 (cháduì)
* 查驗 / 查验 (cháyàn)
* 核可 (hékě, “to examine and approve”)
* 核定 (hédìng)
* 核對 / 核对 (héduì)
* 考查 (kǎochá)
* 考核 (kǎohé)
* 課 / 课 (kè) (literary)
* (to try):
* 問 / 问 (wèn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 問案 / 问案 (wèn'àn)
* 審判 / 审判 (shěnpàn)
* 審問 / 审问 (shěnwèn)
* 審訊 / 审讯 (shěnxùn)
* 訊問 / 讯问 (xùnwèn)
* (meticulous):
* 周到 (zhōudào)
* 周密 (zhōumì)
* 嚴密 / 严密 (yánmì)
* 四序 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 細密 / 细密 (xìmì)
* 細緻 / 细致 (xìzhì)
* 綿密 / 绵密 (miánmì) (of speech, writing, etc.)
* 縝密 / 缜密 (zhěnmì)
* 過細 / 过细 (guòxì)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “meticulous”):
* 不周 (bùzhōu)

#### Compounds

* 一審 / 一审 (yīshěn)
* 一審判決 / 一审判决
* 不審 / 不审
* 主審 / 主审 (zhǔshěn)
* 事實審 / 事实审
* 候審 / 候审 (hòushěn)
* 傳審 / 传审
* 公審 / 公审 (gōngshěn)
* 公開審判 / 公开审判
* 公開審理 / 公开审理
* 共審制度 / 共审制度
* 再審 / 再审 (zàishěn)
* 凝審 / 凝审
* 初審 / 初审 (chūshěn)
* 判審 / 判审
* 刺審 / 刺审
* 原審 / 原审 (yuánshěn)
* 參審 / 参审 (cānshěn)
* 取保候審 / 取保候审 (qǔbǎo hòushěn)
* 受審 / 受审 (shòushěn)
* 問審 / 问审
* 喚審 / 唤审
* 嚴審 / 严审
* 報審 / 报审 (bàoshěn)
* 大審 / 大审
* 大陪審團 / 大陪审团 (dà péishěntuán)
* 奏審 / 奏审
* 寒審 / 寒审
* 審交 / 审交
* 審人 / 审人
* 審信 / 审信
* 審備 / 审备
* 審克 / 审克
* 審冊 / 审册
* 審分 / 审分
* 審刑 / 审刑
* 審刑院 / 审刑院
* 審判 / 审判 (shěnpàn)
* 審別 / 审别
* 審判員 / 审判员 (shěnpànyuán)
* 審判官 / 审判官
* 審判庭 / 审判庭
* 審判廳 / 审判厅
* 審判權 / 审判权
* 審判長 / 审判长 (shěnpànzhǎng)
* 審勘 / 审勘
* 審勢 / 审势
* 審博 / 审博
* 審參 / 审参
* 審名 / 审名
* 審合 / 审合
* 審問 / 审问 (shěnwèn)
* 審單 / 审单
* 審喻 / 审喻
* 審囚刷卷 / 审囚刷卷
* 審圖 / 审图
* 審報 / 审报
* 審守 / 审守
* 審官 / 审官
* 審定 / 审定 (shěndìng)
* 審官院 / 审官院
* 審密 / 审密
* 審察 / 审察 (shěnchá)
* 審實 / 审实
* 審己 / 审己
* 審己度人 / 审己度人
* 審幾度勢 / 审几度势
* 審度 / 审度
* 審形 / 审形
* 審律 / 审律
* 審思 / 审思
* 審悉 / 审悉
* 審慎 / 审慎 (shěnshèn)
* 審慮 / 审虑
* 審批 / 审批 (shěnpī)
* 審擇 / 审择
* 審擬 / 审拟
* 審敵 / 审敌
* 審數 / 审数
* 審料 / 审料
* 審斷 / 审断
* 審時 / 审时
* 審時定勢 / 审时定势
* 審時度勢 / 审时度势 (shěnshíduóshì)
* 審曲 / 审曲
* 審曲面勢 / 审曲面势
* 審曲面埶 / 审曲面埶
* 審期 / 审期
* 審查 / 审查 (shěnchá)
* 審校 / 审校 (shěnjiào)
* 審案 / 审案 (shěn'àn)
* 審核 / 审核 (shěnhé)
* 審樂 / 审乐
* 審權 / 审权
* 審正 / 审正
* 審求 / 审求
* 審決 / 审决
* 審注 / 审注
* 審然 / 审然
* 審爾 / 审尔
* 審物 / 审物
* 審理 / 审理 (shěnlǐ)
* 審畫 / 审画
* 審當 / 审当
* 審發 / 审发
* 審的 / 审的
* 審省 / 审省
* 審知 / 审知
* 審視 / 审视 (shěnshì)
* 審禮 / 审礼
* 審稿 / 审稿 (shěngǎo)
* 審稽 / 审稽
* 審究 / 审究
* 審端 / 审端
* 審級 / 审级
* 審細 / 审细
* 審結 / 审结
* 審練 / 审练
* 審編 / 审编
* 審罰 / 审罚
* 審美 / 审美 (shěnměi)
* 審美觀 / 审美观
* 審美觀念 / 审美观念
* 審考 / 审考
* 審聲 / 审声
* 審聽 / 审听
* 審處 / 审处 (shěnchǔ)
* 審行 / 审行
* 審覆 / 审覆
* 審覈 / 审覈 (shěnhé)
* 審見 / 审见
* 審覽 / 审览
* 審觀 / 审观
* 審訂 / 审订 (shěndìng)
* 審計 / 审计 (shěnjì)
* 審計署 / 审计署
* 審計長 / 审计长
* 審訊 / 审讯 (shěnxùn)
* 審詳 / 审详
* 審說 / 审说
* 審語 / 审语
* 審諦 / 审谛
* 審謀 / 审谋
* 審諭 / 审谕
* 審諟 / 审𬤊
* 審謹 / 审谨
* 審識 / 审识
* 審議 / 审议 (shěnyì)
* 審讀 / 审读 (shěndú)
* 審責 / 审责
* 審質 / 审质
* 審賞 / 审赏
* 審辨 / 审辨
* 審辦 / 审办
* 審酌 / 审酌
* 審釋 / 审释
* 審重 / 审重
* 審量 / 审量
* 審錄 / 审录
* 審鑒 / 审鉴
* 審閱 / 审阅 (shěnyuè)
* 審雨堂 / 审雨堂
* 審鞫 / 审鞫
* 審音 / 审音
* 審顧 / 审顾
* 審飾 / 审饰
* 審驗 / 审验
* 對審 / 对审
* 庭審 / 庭审 (tíngshěn)
* 弔審 / 吊审
* 引審 / 引审
* 復審 / 复审 (fùshěn)
* 恩審 / 恩审
* 慎審 / 慎审
* 批審 / 批审
* 承審員 / 承审员
* 拘審 / 拘审
* 拷打審問 / 拷打审问
* 提審 / 提审 (tíshěn)
* 揆情審勢 / 揆情审势
* 撒2審 / 撒2审
* 政審 / 政审 (zhèngshěn)
* 明審 / 明审
* 明法審令 / 明法审令
* 更審 / 更审
* 會審 / 会审 (huìshěn)
* 會審公廨 / 会审公廨
* 朝審 / 朝审
* 末日審判 / 末日审判 (mòrì shěnpàn)
* 查審 / 查审
* 檢審 / 检审
* 歷審 / 历审
* 沈審
* 法律審 / 法律审
* 清審 / 清审
* 烏審 / 乌审
* 熱審 / 热审
* 熬審 / 熬审
* 熟思審處 / 熟思审处
* 甄審 / 甄审 (zhēnshěn)
* 申審 / 申审
* 省審 / 省审
* 真審 / 真审
* 矜審 / 矜审
* 研審 / 研审
* 秋審 / 秋审
* 穩審 / 稳审
* 究審 / 究审
* 窮審 / 穷审
* 端審 / 端审
* 第四審 / 第四审
* 精審 / 精审
* 終審 / 终审 (zhōngshěn)
* 終審法院 / 终审法院
* 編審 / 编审 (biānshěn)
* 聯席審查 / 联席审查
* 聽審 / 听审 (tīngshěn)
* 複審 / 复审 (fùshěn)
* 覆審 / 覆审 (fùshěn)
* 觀審制度 / 观审制度
* 解審 / 解审
* 評審 / 评审 (píngshěn)
* 詢審 / 询审
* 詳審 / 详审
* 詰審 / 诘审
* 調審 / 调审
* 諦分審布 / 谛分审布
* 諦審 / 谛审
* 諮審 / 谘审
* 謹審 / 谨审
* 證審 / 证审
* 識明智審 / 识明智审
* 譯審 / 译审 (yìshěn)
* 議審 / 议审
* 貞審 / 贞审
* 質審 / 质审
* 軍事審判 / 军事审判
* 軍法審判 / 军法审判
* 巡迴審判 / 巡回审判
* 送審 / 送审 (sòngshěn)
* 重審 / 重审 (chóngshěn)
* 量己審分 / 量己审分
* 閒審 / 闲审
* 開審 / 开审
* 閱審 / 阅审
* 附審 / 附审
* 陪審 / 陪审 (péishěn)
* 陪審制 / 陪审制
* 陪審員 / 陪审员 (péishěnyuán)
* 陪審團 / 陪审团 (péishěntuán)
* 靚審 / 靓审
* 非常審判 / 非常审判
* 面審 / 面审
* 革審 / 革审
* 鞫審 / 鞫审
* 飭審 / 饬审
* 駁審 / 驳审
* 體審 / 体审

### References

* “審”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* examine

#### Readings

* Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kun: つまびらか (tsumabiraka, 審らか)

## Korean
### Hanja

審 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

審: Hán Nôm readings: thẩm, săm, sẩm, thắm, thẳm, thấm, thủm, thẫm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.