# bulla
## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin bulla (“bubble”). Doublet of bill and bull (“papal bull; bubble”).

#### Noun

bulla (plural bullae)
* (biology, medicine) A blister, vesicle, or other thin-walled cavity or lesion, as:
** (biology, medicine) (usually and especially) Such a blister that is more than 5 mm in diameter.
    Coordinate terms: vesicle, vesicula
* (archaeology) A clay envelope or hollow ball, typically with seal impressions or writing on its outside indicating its contents.
* (historical) In ancient Rome, a kind of amulet or boss.
* Later, a handwritten document from the papal chancellery.
* (biology) Any of several hollow structures as features of bones.
    auditory bulla;   ethmoid bulla
** The tympanic part of a temporal bone (having a bubble-like appearance).

##### Derived terms

* bullectomy

##### Translations
#### See also

* bullous

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bulla (countable and uncountable, plural bullas)
* A rich Jamaican cake made with molasses and spiced with ginger and nutmeg.

### Further reading

* bulla on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Darkinjung
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʊllɐ/, /pʊllɐ/

### Numeral

bulla
* two

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse *bulla, from Proto-Germanic *bullōną.

### Verb

bulla (third person singular past indicative bullaði, third person plural past indicative bullaðu, supine bullað)
* to bubble, gush up
* to speak unintelligibly
* to gabble, babble, talk nonsense, twaddle
* to simmer

#### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

### Further reading

* "bulla" at Sprotin.fo

## Finnish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin bulla.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbulːɑ/, [ˈbulːɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ulːɑ
* Hyphenation: bul‧la

### Noun

bulla
* bull (papal bull)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of bulla (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bullani
bullani
accusative
nom.
bullani
bullani
gen.
bullani
genitive
bullani
bullieni bullaini $^{rare}$
partitive
bullaani
bulliani
inessive
bullassani
bullissani
elative
bullastani
bullistani
illative
bullaani
bulliini
adessive
bullallani
bullillani
ablative
bullaltani
bulliltani
allative
bullalleni
bullilleni
essive
bullanani
bullinani
translative
bullakseni
bullikseni
abessive
bullattani
bullittani
instructive
comitative
—bullineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bullasi
bullasi
accusative
nom.
bullasi
bullasi
gen.
bullasi
genitive
bullasi
bulliesi bullaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
bullaasi
bulliasi
inessive
bullassasi
bullissasi
elative
bullastasi
bullistasi
illative
bullaasi
bulliisi
adessive
bullallasi
bullillasi
ablative
bullaltasi
bulliltasi
allative
bullallesi
bullillesi
essive
bullanasi
bullinasi
translative
bullaksesi
bulliksesi
abessive
bullattasi
bullittasi
instructive
comitative
—bullinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bullamme
bullamme
accusative
nom.
bullamme
bullamme
gen.
bullamme
genitive
bullamme
bulliemme bullaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
bullaamme
bulliamme
inessive
bullassamme
bullissamme
elative
bullastamme
bullistamme
illative
bullaamme
bulliimme
adessive
bullallamme
bullillamme
ablative
bullaltamme
bulliltamme
allative
bullallemme
bullillemme
essive
bullanamme
bullinamme
translative
bullaksemme
bulliksemme
abessive
bullattamme
bullittamme
instructive
comitative
—bullinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bullanne
bullanne
accusative
nom.
bullanne
bullanne
gen.
bullanne
genitive
bullanne
bullienne bullainne $^{rare}$
partitive
bullaanne
bullianne
inessive
bullassanne
bullissanne
elative
bullastanne
bullistanne
illative
bullaanne
bulliinne
adessive
bullallanne
bullillanne
ablative
bullaltanne
bulliltanne
allative
bullallenne
bullillenne
essive
bullananne
bullinanne
translative
bullaksenne
bulliksenne
abessive
bullattanne
bullittanne
instructive
comitative
—bullinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bullansa
bullansa
accusative
nom.
bullansa
bullansa
gen.
bullansa
genitive
bullansa
bulliensa bullainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
bullaansa
bulliaan bulliansa
inessive
bullassaan bullassansa
bullissaan bullissansa
elative
bullastaan bullastansa
bullistaan bullistansa
illative
bullaansa
bulliinsa
adessive
bullallaan bullallansa
bullillaan bullillansa
ablative
bullaltaan bullaltansa
bulliltaan bulliltansa
allative
bullalleen bullallensa
bullilleen bullillensa
essive
bullanaan bullanansa
bullinaan bullinansa
translative
bullakseen bullaksensa
bullikseen bulliksensa
abessive
bullattaan bullattansa
bullittaan bullittansa
instructive
comitative
—bullineen bullinensa :

### Further reading

* “bulla”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /by.la/

### Verb

bulla
* third-person singular past historic of buller

## Galician
### Verb

bulla
* inflection of bullar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʏtla/
* Rhymes: -ʏtla

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

bulla (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bullaði, supine bullað)
* (intransitive) to talk nonsense
    Synonyms: rugla, þvæla, þvaðra
* (intransitive) to boil, to bubble up
    Synonym: sjóða

##### Derived terms

* bullandi

##### Related terms

* bull

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bulla f (genitive singular bullu, nominative plural bullur)
* piston
    Synonym: stimpill

##### Derived terms

* bulludæla (“piston pump”)
* bulluhaus (“piston head”)
* bulluhiti (“piston operating temperature”)
* bulluhreyfill (“piston engine”)
* bulluhringur (“piston ring”)
* bulluhöfuð (“piston crown”)
* bullukollur (“piston head”)
* bulluslag (“piston stroke”)
* bullustrokkur (“piston barrel”)
* bullustýring (“piston guide”)
* bullustöng (“piston rod”)
* bulluvölur (“piston pin”)
* bulluþétti (“piston gasket, piston packing, piston seal”)
* bulluþjappa (“piston compressor”)
* vélbulluvölur (“piston pin”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

bulla f (genitive singular bullu, nominative plural bullur)
* bully
    Synonym: svoli

##### Declension
## Irish
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

bulla m (genitive singular bulla, nominative plural bullaí)
* (nautical) buoy
* (medicine) bulla

##### Derived terms

* bulla cloig (“bell-buoy”)
* bulla eangaí (“float (of net)”)
* bulla feistithe (“mooring-buoy”)
* rópa bulla (“buoy-rope”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish bulla, borrowed from Latin bulla.

#### Noun

bulla m (genitive singular bulla, nominative plural bullaí)
* (Christianity) bull

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

bulla m (genitive singular bulla, nominative plural bullaí)
* (finance) bull

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

bulla m (genitive singular bulla, nominative plural bullaí)
* Alternative form of bolla (“bowl”)

### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
bulla
bullaí
vocative
a bhulla
a bhullaí
genitive
bulla
bullaí
dative
bulla
bullaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an bulla
na bullaí
genitive
an bhulla
na mbullaí
dative
leis an mbulla don bhulla
leis na bullaí :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bulla”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bulla”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bulla”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “bulla”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Latin
### Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Gaulish [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“swelling”), same source as Middle Dutch puyl (“bag”) and Lithuanian bule (“buttocks”), or from *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell”). Ultimately onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈbul.la/, [ˈbʊlːʲä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈbul.la/, [ˈbulːä]

### Noun

bulla f (genitive bullae); first declension
* a bubble
* a swollen or bubble-shaped object, particularly:
** a knob, boss, or stud, as on doors, shields, etc.
** (historical) a bulla: a protective (usually golden) amulet worn by upper-class Roman children
** (Medieval Latin, historical) a round metallic seal certifying official medieval documents, particularly the golden imperial seal and the leaden papal one.
* (Medieval Latin) a papal bull or other official document sealed with a bulla

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* bullā dignus
* bullātus
* bullescō
* bulliō
* bullō
* bullula

#### Descendants

* Eastern Romance:
** Romanian: bulă
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: bolla
** Sicilian: buḍḍa
* Western Romance:
** Rhaeto-Romance:
*** Friulian: bole
** Venetan: bóła
** Gallo-Romance:
*** Old French: bole (“knob, ball; *bowl”)
**** Middle French: boule
***** French: boule
** West Iberian:
*** Old Galician-Portuguese:
**** Galician: bola
**** Portuguese: bola, bolha
*** Old Spanish:
**** Spanish: bula
* Borrowings:
** → Catalan: butlla
** → English: bull, bulla
** → Galician: bula
** → Old Irish: bulla
*** Irish: bulla
** → Polish: bulla
** → Portuguese: bula
** → Old French: bulle, boille, boule, boulle, burle, bille
*** Middle French: bulle
**** French: bulle
*** → Middle English: bulle
**** English: bull
**** Scots: bull, bul
*** → Middle English: bille
**** English: bill
** ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *bolla (merger with Frankish *bollā; see there for more descendants)

### References

* “bulla”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “bulla”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "bulla", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* bulla in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “bulla”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “bulla”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, p. 202 & 750
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “bull”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Tübingen: A. Francke Verlag, 1959., p. 365
* ↑ Skeat, An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, p. 78
* ↑ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938–1954) “bulla”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter

## Phuthi
### Verb

-búĺla
* to be circumcised

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin bulla.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbul.la/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ulla
* Syllabification: bul‧la

### Noun

bulla f
* (Roman Catholicism) bull (papal bull; a document from the papal chancellery)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* bulla in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bulla in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* bulla in PWN's encyclopedia

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbuʝa/ [ˈbu.ʝa]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /ˈbuʝa/ [ˈbu.ʝa]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /ˈbuʎa/ [ˈbu.ʎa]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈbuʃa/ [ˈbu.ʃa]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈbuʒa/ [ˈbu.ʒa]
* Rhymes: -uʝa
* Rhymes: -uʝa
* Rhymes: -uʎa
* Rhymes: -uʃa
* Rhymes: -uʒa
* Syllabification: bu‧lla

### Etymology 1

Deverbal of bullir, from Latin bullīre (“to bubble, boil”), from bulla (“bubble”).

#### Noun

bulla f (plural bullas)
* rowdiness, racket, ruckus
* (Andalusia) urgence

##### Derived terms

* bullanga
* embullar

##### Descendants

* → Portuguese: bulha

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

bulla
* inflection of bullir:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “bulla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10