# مرجان
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Classical Syriac ܡܪܰܓܳܢ (margān, “pearl-like”), from ܡܰܪܓܳܢܺܝܬܳܐ (margānīṯā, “pearl”), from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”), an Iranian borrowing. For the meaning development compare Arabic مَرْو (marw, “odoriferous plants; Maerua crassifolia; pebble; flint; quartz”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mar.d͡ʒaːn/

### Noun

مَرْجَان or مُرْجَان • (marjān or murjān) m (collective, singulative مَرْجَانَة f (marjāna) or مُرْجَانَة (murjāna))
* small pearls
* corals

#### Derived terms

* مَرْجَانِيّ (marjāniyy, “coral-related”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mərcan
* → Bashkir: мәрйен (məryen)
* → Georgian: მარჯანი (marǯani)
* → Hausa: murzani, murjani
* → Kazakh: маржан (marjan)
* → Middle Armenian: մարճան (marčan), մարջան (marǰan)
** Armenian: մարջան (marǰan), մռճամ (mṙčam) — New Julfa
* → Ottoman Turkish: مرجان (mercan)
** Turkish: mercan
*** → Ladino: merdjan
*** → Macedonian: мерџан (merdžan)
*** → Romanian: mărgean
* → Persian: مرجان (marjân)
* → Swahili: marijani
* → Tatar: мәрҗән (märcän)
* → Turkmen: mercen
* → Uyghur: مارجان (marjan)
* → Uzbek: marjon

### References

* “mrgny”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 59

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْجَان (marjān, “coral”), from Classical Syriac ܡܪܰܓܳܢ (margān, “pearl-like”).

### Noun

مرجان • (mercan)
* coral, any of many species of marine invertebrates in the class Anthozoa and the hard substance made of their skeletons

#### Derived terms

* تسبیح مرجانی (tesbih mercanı, “coral bead in a rosary”)
* مرجان بالغی (mercan balığı, “red gurnard”)
* مرجان دانه (mercan dane, “coral bead”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: mercan
* → Armenian: մէրճան (mērčan)
* → Ladino: merdjan
* → Romanian: mărgean

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mercan”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3147
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “مرجان”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 432b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مرجان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1146
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Corallium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 286
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مرجان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4559
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “mercan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مرجان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1805

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْجَان (marjān).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [maɾ.d͡ʒɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɾ.d͡ʒɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɾ.d͡ʒɑːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mäɾ.d͡ʒɑːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mäɾ.d͡ʒɔːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæɹ.d͡ʒɒːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäɾ.d͡ʒɔn]

### Noun

مرجان • (marjân) (plural مرجان‌ها (marjân-hâ))
* coral

### Proper noun

مرجان • (marjân)
* a female given name, Marjan, from Arabic

#### Derived terms

* مرجانی (marjâni)

### See also

* بسد