# жьньчюгъ
## Old East Slavic
### Alternative forms

* жьньчугъ (žĭnĭčugŭ), жьмьчюгъ (žĭmĭčjugŭ), жьмьчугъ (žĭmĭčugŭ)
* женчюгъ (ženčjugŭ), женчугъ (ženčugŭ), жемчюгъ (žemčjugŭ), жемчугъ (žemčugŭ), жомчюгъ (žomčjugŭ), жомчугъ (žomčugŭ) — (Later forms)

### Etymology

First attested in 1161. Borrowed from Bulgar *ǯinǯüɣä (dat. sg.), *ǯinǯü (nom. sg.), from Proto-Common Turkic *yinǯü, ultimately from Middle Chinese 珍珠 (ʈˠiɪn t͡ɕɨo), 真珠 (t͡ɕiɪn t͡ɕɨo, “true pearls”). Doublet of инчи (inči).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʑɪnɪt͡ɕuɡʊ/→/ˈʑɪnʲɪt͡ɕuɡʊ/→/ˈʑɛnʲt͡ɕuɡ/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /ˈʑɪnɪt͡ɕuɡʊ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /ˈʑɪnʲɪt͡ɕuɡʊ/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /ˈʑɛnʲt͡ɕuɡ/
* Hyphenation: жь‧нь‧чю‧гъ

### Noun

жьньчюгъ (žĭnĭčjugŭ) m
* pearl
    Synonym: инчи (inči)

#### Derived terms

* жьньчюжьнъ (žĭnĭčjužĭnŭ)

#### Descendants

* Middle Russian: же́мчугъ (žémčug), же́мчюгъ (žémčjug)
** Russian: же́мчуг (žémčug), (dialectal) зе́мчуг (zémčug) (see there for further descendants)
* Old Ruthenian: же́мчугъ (žémčuh), же́нчугъ (žénčuh), же́мчюгъ (žémčjuh), же́нчюгъ (žénčjuh)
** Belarusian: жэ́мчуг (žémčuh)
** Ukrainian: же́мчуг (žémčuh), (dialectal) же́нчуг (žénčuh)
* → Old Lithuanian:
** Lithuanian: žemčiūgas, žemčiūga

### References

* ↑ Shansky, N. M., editor (1973), “же́мчуг”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 5 (Д, Е, Ж), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 284
* ↑ Vasmer, Max (1967) “же́мчуг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress, page 46
* ↑ Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “же́мчуг”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 298
* ↑ Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “жемчуг”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1: (А – Начальство), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 267
* ↑ Preobrazhensky, A. G. (1910–1914) “же́мчугъ”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – О), numbers 1–9, Moscow: G. Lissner & D. Sobko Publishing House, page 227
* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “жемчуг”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 192
* ↑ Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “же́мчуг”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 363
* ↑ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “жэ́мчуг”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 270

### Further reading

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “жемчꙋгъ = женьчюгъ = женчꙋгъ = жомчꙋгъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 855
* Avanesov, R. I., editor (1990), “жемчоугъ”, in Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.): в 10 т. [Dictionary of the Old Russian Language (11ᵗʰ–14ᵗʰ cc.): in 10 vols] (in Russian), volume 3 (добродѣтельно – изжечисѧ), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 244
* Avanesov, R. I., editor (1990), “женчоугъ”, in Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.): в 10 т. [Dictionary of the Old Russian Language (11ᵗʰ–14ᵗʰ cc.): in 10 vols] (in Russian), volume 3 (добродѣтельно – изжечисѧ), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 248
* Barkhudarov, S. G., editor (1978), “жемчугъ (жьнчюгъ)”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 5 (е – зинутие), Moscow: Nauka, page 86