# rós
## Icelandic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rosa (“rose”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrouːs/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ouːs

### Noun

rós f (genitive singular rósar, nominative plural rósir)
* rose
    Þær fegurstu rósir sem ég hef séð, eru þær sem falla fyrst.The most beautiful roses that I have seen are those that fall first.

#### Derived terms

* rósarunni
* rósakál
* Sigurrós

#### Related terms

* Rósa

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /ɾˠoːsˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ɾˠɔːsˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish rós, borrowed from Latin rosa.

#### Noun

rós m (genitive singular róis, nominative plural rósanna)
* rose (flower)
* (architecture, electricity, heraldry) rose

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
rós
rósanna
vocative
a róis
a rósanna
genitive
róis
rósanna
dative
rós
rósanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an rós
na rósanna
genitive
an róis
na rósanna
dative
leis an rós don rós
leis na rósanna :

##### Alternative forms

* rósa

##### Derived terms

* bior-rós m (“water-lily”)
* rós-hocas m (“rose-mallow”)
* rós Mhuire m (“rosemary”)
* rós tae m, taerós m (“tea-rose”)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

rós (present analytic rósann, future analytic rósfaidh, verbal noun rósadh, past participle rósta)
* (ambitransitive) Alternative form of róst (“roast”)

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh | rósadh |
| past participle | rósta | rósta | rósta | rósta | rósta | rósta | rósta | rósta |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | rósaim | rósann tú; rósair$^†$ | rósann sé, sí | rósaimid | rósann sibh | rósann siad; rósaid$^†$ | a rósann; a rósas | róstar |
| past | rós mé; rósas | rós tú; rósais | rós sé, sí | rósamar; rós muid | rós sibh; rósabhair | rós siad; rósadar | a rós / ar rós* | rósadh |
| past habitual | rósainn | róstá | rósadh sé, sí | rósaimis; rósadh muid | rósadh sibh | rósaidís; rósadh siad | a rósadh / a rósadh* | róstaí |
| future | rósfaidh mé; rósfad | rósfaidh tú; rósfair$^†$ | rósfaidh sé, sí | rósfaimid; rósfaidh muid | rósfaidh sibh | rósfaidh siad; rósfaid$^†$ | a rósfaidh; a rósfas | rósfar |
| conditional | rósfainn | rósfá | rósfadh sé, sí | rósfaimis; rósfadh muid | rósfadh sibh | rósfaidís; rósfadh siad | a rósfadh / a rósfadh* | rósfaí |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go rósa mé; go rósad$^†$ | go rósa tú; go rósair$^†$ | go rósa sé, sí | go rósaimid; go rósa muid | go rósa sibh | go rósa siad; go rósaid$^†$ | — | go róstar |
| past | dá rósainn | dá róstá | dá rósadh sé, sí | dá rósaimis; dá rósadh muid | dá rósadh sibh | dá rósaidís; dá rósadh siad | — | dá róstaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | rósaim | rós | rósadh sé, sí | rósaimis | rósaigí; rósaidh$^†$ | rósaidís | — | róstar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rós”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rós”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 579
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “rós”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “rós”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 44

## Middle Irish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rosa.

### Noun

rós m or f
* rose
** 1160, Auraicept na n-Éces, l.5645:sug in rois doní ruamnasap of the rose

#### Descendants

* Irish: rós
* Scottish Gaelic: ròs

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rós”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Norse
### Noun

rós f
* rose
* a kind of goblet