# 甚

| 甚 | U+751A, &#29978; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-751A |
| ← 甙 [U+7519] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甛 → [U+751B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甚 (Kangxi radical 99, 甘+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一女 (TMMV), four-corner 4471$_1$, composition ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊八(GV) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺𠃊儿(JK) or ⿱⿴龷𠄠⿺㇄⿰丿㇄(HT))

#### Derived characters

* 勘, 湛, 偡, 卙, 啿, 堪, 夦, 媅, 尠, 嵁, 愖, 戡, 揕, 斟, 椹, 歁, 𮌅

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 754, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21648
* Dae Jaweon: page 1161, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 25, character 5
* Unihan data for U+751A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 甚 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 湛 | *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um |
| 媅 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黮 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ |
| 糂 | *sluːmʔ |
| 堪 | *kʰluːm |
| 戡 | *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ |
| 嵁 | *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm |
| 歁 | *kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb |
| 勘 | *kʰluːms |
| 磡 | *kʰuːms |
| 墈 | *kʰuːms |
| 偡 | *r'uːmʔ |
| 碪 | *ʔl'um |
| 椹 | *ʔl'um |
| 揕 | *ʔl'ums |
| 踸 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 鍖 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 斟 | *kljum |
| 諶 | *ɡljum |
| 愖 | *ɡljum |
| 瘎 | *ɡljum |
| 煁 | *ɡljum |
| 甚 | *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums |
| 葚 | *ɦljumʔ |
Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 甘 + 匹.

### Etymology 1

STEDT considers it to be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“full; flat; straight”) and cognate with 斟 (OC *kljum, “to pour”), 淫 (OC *lɯm, “excessive”) and Tibetan གཏམས (gtams, “to fill up”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shèn (shen$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sam$^6$ / sap$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́m
    (Hailu, HRS): shim$^ˊ$
* Northern Min (KCR): sēng
* Eastern Min (BUC): sêng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sing$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sīm / sǐm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sim$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^4$
*** Yale: shèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^6$ / sap$^6$
*** Yale: sahm / sahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^6$ / sap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^6$ / seb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm²²/, /sɐp̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m
*** Hakka Romanization System: siim$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sim$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨm³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shim$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃim²⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sēng
*** Sinological IPA : /seiŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sêng
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛiŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sīng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīm
*** Tâi-lô: sīm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sim
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sim³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sim²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sǐm
*** Tâi-lô: sǐm
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sim²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sim$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sĭm
*** Sinological IPA : /sim³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zen
*** MiniDict: zen$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit甚 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂən⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂən⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʂən⁵³/ /sən⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂẽ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʃə̃⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂən³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʂẽ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʂə̃²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂəŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂə̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʂɤŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sən³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sən¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sen²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂə̃²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂən⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂən⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /səŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʂəŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sə̃ŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zən³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zen¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zaŋ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕiʌ̃²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂən⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂən⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɨn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /səm⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃem³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐm²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sɐm²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɐm²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sim⁵³/ /sim²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sɛiŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /seiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sim³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /tim³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: dzyimX, dzyimH
Rime :
| Character | 甚 | 甚 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 常枕切 | 時鴆切 |
| Baxter | dzyimX | dzyimH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiɪm$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiɪm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑim$^X$/ | /d͡ʑim$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjem$^X$/ | /d͡ʑjem$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑim$^X$/ | /d͡ʑim$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiəm$^X$/ | /ʑiəm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭĕm$^X$/ | /ʑĭĕm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯əm$^X$/ | /ʑi̯əm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shèn | shèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sam$^6$ | sam$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ/, /*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡljumʔ/, /*ɡljums/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 甚 | 甚 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shèn | shèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyim$^X$ › | ‹ dzyim$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ/ | /*[t.ɢ][ə]mʔ-s/ |
| English | excessive, very | excessive |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甚 | 甚 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11296 | 11297 |
| Phonetic component | 甚 | 甚 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甚 | 甚 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡljumʔ/ | /*ɡljums/ |

#### Definitions

甚
* serious; extreme; excessive
* extremely; considerably; very
* (literary) to exceed; to surpass
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 一之為甚 / 一之为甚 (yīzhīwéishèn)
* 一之謂甚 / 一之谓甚
* 不求甚解 (bùqiúshènjiě)
* 不為已甚 / 不为已甚 (bùwéiyǐshèn)
* 不甚 (bùshèn)
* 不甚了了 (bùshènliǎoliǎo)
* 不甚合意
* 厥功甚偉 / 厥功甚伟 (juégōngshènwěi)
* 去泰去甚
* 去甚去泰
* 名聲籍甚 / 名声籍甚
* 太甚 (tàishèn)
* 家徒甚殷
* 尤有甚者
* 尤甚 (yóushèn)
* 已甚 (yǐshèn)
* 幸甚 (xìngshèn)
* 忒甚
* 日甚一日 (rìshènyīrì)
* 更甚
* 欺人太甚 (qīréntàishèn)
* 特甚 (tèshèn)
* 甚且 (shènqiě)
* 甚人
* 甚口
* 甚囂塵上 / 甚嚣尘上 (shènxiāochénshàng)
* 甚或 (shènhuò)
* 甚是 (shènshì)
* 甚而 (shèn'ér)
* 甚至 (shènzhì)
* 甚雨
* 疾風甚雨 / 疾风甚雨
* 相得甚歡 / 相得甚欢
* 籍甚 (jíshèn)
* 聲稱籍甚 / 声称籍甚
* 腹笥甚廣 / 腹笥甚广
* 自奉甚儉 / 自奉甚俭
* 莫此為甚 / 莫此为甚
* 著甚來由 / 著甚来由
* 藉甚 / 借甚
* 蝕甚 / 蚀甚
* 衣冠甚偉 / 衣冠甚伟
* 言之過甚 / 言之过甚
* 軒軒甚得 / 轩轩甚得
* 逼人太甚
* 過從甚密 / 过从甚密
* 過甚 / 过甚 (guòshèn)
* 過甚其實 / 过甚其实
* 過甚其詞 / 过甚其词

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 甚 – see 什 (“ten families; etc.”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 什).

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shèn, shén
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˋ, ㄕㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sam$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): seng$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shèn
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^4$
*** Yale: shèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenn
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shén
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shén
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^2$
*** Yale: shén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shern
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^6$
*** Yale: sahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm²²/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: seng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /səŋ⁴⁵/

##### Definitions

甚
* (literary or dialectal Mandarin, Jin) what
    甚事？ ― Shèn shì? ― What is it?

###### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 何 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 什麼, 恁麼 obsolete |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 什麼, 嗎兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 什麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 什麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 什麼, 啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 什麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 嗎 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 啥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 什麼, 嗎 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 啥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 啥, 啥稿兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 啥, 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 啥, 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 啥嘎 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Rizhao | 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 什麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 麼兒, 麼, 什麼, 麼個 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 什麼, 啥 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 麼, 麼個 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 啥, 什麼嘎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 啥兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 什麼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 色 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 什麼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 什麼, 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 啥, 咋麼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 什麼, 啥, 啥子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 什麼, 啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 什麼, 啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 什麼, 啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 什麼, 啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 啥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 啥, 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 啥, 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麼事 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 什麼兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 什麼, 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 什麼, 什麼的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lhasa | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 哪樣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 啷個, 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 哪樣, 啷子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 甚子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 什麼, 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 咋個 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 什麼, 哪樣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 哪樣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guanyang | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 麼得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 麼子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 哪樣, 什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 甚呢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 什麼, 麼東西 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 什麼, 哄, 哄個 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 什麼, 麼事, 麼東西 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乜嘢, 咩嘢, 乜, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 乜嘢, 咩嘢, 乜, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 咩嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 咩嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 咩嘢 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 乜 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 乜 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 乜 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 乜, 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Taishan (Guanghai) | 乜, 乜嘎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 乜, 乜啊, 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 乜嘢, 乜 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 乜嘢, 乜 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 乜, 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 物底 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 什麼 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 乜嘢, 乜 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 乜底 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 乜底 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 哪門 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 乜嘢, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 乜嘢, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 乜嘢, 咩, 乜 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 乜 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 什哩 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 什仔 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 咋個 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Gaobei) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Tangkeng) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Fengliang) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Pantian) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 乜嘢 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 乜嘢 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 什麼 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Changting | 麼個, 什西哩, 什西 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 麼個, 麼事 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 麼個, 什麼 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 什麼 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 子個 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 咩, 唔幾 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 什麼 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 哪個, 哪項, 個哪, 哪 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 什麼 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 什麼 |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 乜個 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Pontianak (Meixian) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 麼個 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 麼個 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 麼仂 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 麼二 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 甚 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 什麼, 啥, 咋, 甚 |
| Jin | Datong | 啥 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 甚 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 甚 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 什麼 |
| Jin | Linhe | 什麼, 甚 |
| Jin | Jining | 甚 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 甚 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 什麼, 甚 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 什麼兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 什麼 |
| Jin | Handan | 什麼, 啥 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 啥 |
| Jin | Suide | 什麼, 甚 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 啥哩 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 孰事, 孰麼, 孰麼事 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 橘二, 橘二事 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 什麼事 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 孰事 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 什麼事 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 孰麼, 孰, 孰麼事, 孰事, 孰麼契, 孰契 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 什乇, 什名, 什乇名, 面乇名 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 什乇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 什乇, 乜乇 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 什乇 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 哪乇 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 乇, 什乇 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 乜乇 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 哪乇 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 呢乇 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 乜乇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 哪乇 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 什乇 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 什乇 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 什物, 啥物, 啥貨 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 啥物, 乜 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 哪貨仔, 哪貨, 哪仔, 哪物仔, 哪物, 什物, 啥物, 啥貨, 啥物仔, 啥貨仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 啥物, 啥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 啥 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 哪物 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 啥貨 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 什物仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 啥貨, 啥物, 啥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 啥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 啥, 啥貨, 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 啥物, 啥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 啥物, 啥 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 啥物, 啥 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 啥貨, 啥物貨 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 啥物, 啥貨 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 啥, 啥貨 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 啥物, 啥貨 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 啥, 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 啥貨, 啥物, 什物, 物代 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 啥貨, 物代 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 何物 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 啥物 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 何物 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 什物 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 啥貨, 什物 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 乜個, 乜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 乜個, 乜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 乜個, 乜, 是乜 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 乜個, 乜 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Phnom Penh (Teochew) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 乜個, 什乜, 底個 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 乜個, 什乜, 底個 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 乜個 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 乜 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 乜 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乜, 個乜 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 乜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 乜 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 甚麼 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 啥貨 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 啥貨 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 啥貨 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 乜儗 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 門, 哪門 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang (Xinqiao) | 哪門 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 什個 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Lijiatian) | 什家 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 啥, 啥個, 啥物事 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang) | 啥物 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) | 啥物事 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Fengxian) | 啥物 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jinshan) | 做啥 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Qingpu) | 哈個 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 何, 何物, 何物事 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 啥, 啥個, 啥物事 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 啥, 啥個, 啥物事, 啥物 |
| Wu | Danyang | 點高 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 啥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 啥, 啥西 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 何乜 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 待, 淡 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 麼子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 麼子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 麼子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 什麼 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 啥 |

#### Compounds

* 做甚
* 則甚 / 则甚
* 只甚
* 可甚麼 / 可甚么
* 打甚麼緊 / 打甚么紧
* 沒甚 / 没甚
* 沒甚意思 / 没甚意思
* 沒甚首尾 / 没甚首尾
* 沒甚麼 / 没甚么 (méishénme)
* 為甚 / 为甚
* 為甚麼 / 为甚么 (wèishénme)
* 甚事
* 甚人
* 甚底
* 甚的
* 甚麼 / 甚么
* 甚麼打緊 / 甚么打紧
* 甚麼東西 / 甚么东西
* 甚麼樣 / 甚么样 (shénmeyàng)
* 甚麼的 / 甚么的 (shénmede)
* 著甚
* 著甚來由 / 著甚来由

### References

* “甚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “甚”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 209.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* tremendously
* very
* great
* exceedingly

#### Readings

* Go-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しん (shin)
* Tō-on: そも (somo)
* Kun: はなはだ (hanahada, 甚だ, Jōyō)、はなはだしい (hanahadashii, 甚だしい, Jōyō)、なに (nani, 甚)、いたい (itai, 甚い)

## Korean
### Hanja

甚 (eumhun 심할 심 (simhal sim))
* great extent
* considerably

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甚: Hán Nôm readings: thậm, rậm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.