# engine
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English engyn, from Anglo-Norman engine, Old French engin (“skill, cleverness, war machine”), from Latin ingenium (“innate or natural quality, nature, genius, a genius, an invention, (in Late Latin) a war-engine, battering-ram”), related to ingignō (“to instil by birth, implant, produce in”). Compare gin, ingenious, engineer.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /ˈɛnd͡ʒɪn/
** Audio (US):(file)
** Audio (Texas):(file)
* (pin–pen merger) IPA: /ˈɪnd͡ʒɪn/
* (weak vowel merger) IPA: /ˈɛnd͡ʒən/
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈend͡ʒɪn/, /ˈend͡ʒən/
* (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈend͡ʒɘn/
* (South Asia) IPA: /ɪnˈd͡ʒɪn/
* Hyphenation: en‧gine
* Rhymes: -ɛndʒɪn, (pin–pen merger) -ɪndʒɪn

### Noun

engine (plural engines)
* A large construction used in warfare, such as a battering ram, catapult etc. [from 14th c.]
** c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act IIII, scene i:Their warlike Engins and munition Exceed the forces of their martial men.
* (now archaic) A tool; a utensil or implement. [from 14th c.]
** 1714, Bernard Mandeville, The Fable of the Bees:Flattery must be the most powerful Argument that cou'd be used to Human Creatures. Making use of this bewitching Engine, they extoll'd the Excellency of our Nature above other Animals [...].
** 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], epistle I, London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC, page 15, lines 248–251:What if the Foot, ordain'd the duſt to tread, / Or Hand, to toil, aſpir'd to be the Head? / What if the Head, the Eye, or Ear repin'd / To ſerve mere Engines to the ruling Mind?
* A complex mechanical device which converts energy into useful motion or physical effects. [from 16th c.]
* A person or group of people which influence a larger group; a driving force. [from 16th c.]
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 75:In France, the parliament soon became a mere engine in the hands of a few high-born and ambitious men, who had nothing in common with its interests, which were those of the people.
* The part of a car or other vehicle which provides the force for motion, now especially one powered by internal combustion. [from 19th c.]
* A self-powered vehicle, especially a locomotive, used for moving cars along a track. [from 19th c.]
* (computing) A software or hardware system responsible for a specific technical task (usually with qualifying word). [from 20th c.]
    a graphics engine
    a physics engine
* (obsolete) Ingenuity; cunning, trickery, guile. [13th–17th c.]
* (obsolete) The result of cunning; something ingenious, a contrivance; (in negative senses) a plot, a scheme. [13th–18th c.]
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 193:Therefore this craftie engine he did frame, / Againſt his praiſe to ſtirre vp enmitye [...].
* (obsolete) Natural talent; genius. [14th–17th c.]
* Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or contrivance; an agent.
** c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v], page 243, column 1:[...] their promiſes, entiſements, oathes, tokens, and all theſe engines of luſt [...].
** 1678, John Bunyan, “The Author’s Apology for His Book”, in The Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London: […] Nath[aniel] Ponder […], →OCLC:You ſee the ways the Fiſher-man doth take / To catch the Fiſh; what Engins doth he make?

#### Synonyms

* motor
* locomotive

#### Hyponyms

* aero engine
* aircraft engine
* air engine
* analytical engine
* atmospheric engine
* banking engine
* beam engine
* beer engine
* boxer engine
* chaff engine
* chemical engine
* chess engine
* combustion engine
* compound engine
* corncob engine
* Cornish engine
* crate engine
* database engine
* dental engine
* diesel engine
* difference engine
* dividing engine
* donkey engine
* draught engine
* duct engine
* East-West engine
* electric engine
* entry ignition engine
* ether engine
* fire engine
* four-stroke engine
* game engine
* garden engine
* gas engine
* graphics engine
* harmonic engine
* heat engine
* Hero engine
* human flesh search engine
* information engine
* in-line engine
* internal combustion engine
* internal-combustion engine
* ion engine
* jet engine
* light engine
* man engine
* marine engine
* metasearch engine
* military engine
* mill engine
* monkey engine
* Otto engine
* overhead engine
* pancake engine
* petrol engine
* physics engine
* pilot engine
* piston engine
* pony engine
* pulp engine
* pulse detonation engine
* radial engine
* raptor engine
* reaction engine
* reciprocating engine
* ringing engine
* rocket engine
* rose engine
* rotary engine
* sand engine
* search engine
* shunting engine
* siege engine
* simple engine
* software engine
* solar engine
* spit engine
* square engine
* stationary engine
* steam-engine
* steam engine
* steeple engine
* Stirling engine
* storage engine
* straight engine
* switch engine
* tandem engine
* tank engine
* tender engine
* traction engine
* twin-engine
* two-stroke engine
* U engine
* Wankel engine
* water engine
* W engine
* wind engine
* winding engine

#### Derived terms

* bank engine
* bullgine
* Carnot engine
* Carnot heat engine
* crane engine
* duplex pumping engine
* engine bay
* engine block
* engine braking
* engine cleaner
* engine compartment
* engine displacement
* engine driver
* engineer
* engine-generator
* engine generator
* engine hour
* engine house
* engine lathe
* engineless
* enginelike
* engineman
* engine mount
* engine oil
* engine order telegraph
* enginer
* engine-rich
* engine room
* enginery
* engine shed
* engine trouble
* engine-turned
* engine turning
* in-engine
* inline engine
* Lenoir engine
* microengine
* midengine
* multiengine
* Novi engine
* one engine in steam
* re-engine, reengine (verbs)
* retro-engine
* retroengine
* search-engine-friendly
* search engine optimization
* siege-engine
* stellar engine
* V engine

#### Related terms

* engineer
* genius
* ingeniosity
* ingenious

#### Descendants

* → Afrikaans: enjin
* → Bengali: ইঞ্জিন (injin)
* → Hindi: इंजन (iñjan)
* → Iban: injin
* → Japanese: エンジン
** → Hakka: 引擎 (ên-chín)
** → Min Nan: 引擎 (ia̋n-jín)
* → Korean: 엔진 (enjin)
* → Malay: enjin
** Indonesian: enjin
* → Scottish Gaelic: einnsean
* → Swahili: injini
* → Shanghainese: 引擎 (in¹-jin⁶)
** → Chinese: 引擎 (yǐnqíng)

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

engine (third-person singular simple present engines, present participle engining, simple past and past participle engined)
* (transitive, dated) To equip with an engine; said especially of steam vessels.
    Vessels are often built by one firm and engined by another.
* (transitive, obsolete) To assault with an engine.
** 1629, Thomas Adams, Plain-Dealing:to engine and batter our walls
* (transitive, obsolete) To contrive; to put into action.

### Further reading

* “engine”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “engine”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* ginnee

## Chinese
### Alternative forms

* N展 (en$^1$ zin$^2$), N剪
* engin

### Etymology 1

From clipping of English engineering.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): en$^1$ zin$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: en$^1$ zin$^2$
*** Cantonese Pinyin: en$^1$ dzin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛːn⁵⁵ t͡siːn³⁵/

#### Noun

engine
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) engineering industry; engineer
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) engineering
** 2001 May 23, 小賤, “好慢~~~~”, in talk.rumors‎ (Usenet):
       ngo$^5$ dou$^1$ waa$^6$ ngo$^5$ duk$^6$ en$^1$ zin$^2$ mou$^5$ mat$^1$ sik$^1$ dou$^2$ neoi$^5$ zai$^2$ lok$^3$ [Jyutping]
       I said I'm studying engineering, don't really get to know girls much

### Etymology 2

From English engine.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): en$^1$ zin$^4$ / en$^1$ zin$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: en$^1$ zin$^4$ / en$^1$ zin$^2$
*** Cantonese Pinyin: en$^1$ dzin$^4$ / en$^1$ dzin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛːn⁵⁵ t͡siːn²¹/, /ɛːn⁵⁵ t͡siːn³⁵/

#### Noun

engine
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) engine (mechanical device; part of a vehicle; computing)

##### Synonyms

* (engine):
* 偈 (Cantonese)
* 動力機 / 动力机 (dònglìjī)
* 引擎 (yǐnqíng)
* 摩打 (mo$^1$ daa$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 摩托
* 發動機 / 发动机 (fādòngjī)
* 馬擎 / 马擎 (Hokkien)
* 馬擎仔 / 马擎仔 (Hokkien)
* 馬達 / 马达 (mǎdá)

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English engine.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈẽ.d͡ʒĩ/, (hypercorrection) /ẽˈd͡ʒaj̃ni/ [ẽˈd͡ʒaɪ̯̃ni]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈẽ.d͡ʒĩ/, (hypercorrection) /ẽˈd͡ʒaj̃ni/ [ẽˈd͡ʒaɪ̯̃ni]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈẽ.d͡ʒĩ/, (hypercorrection) /ẽˈd͡ʒaj̃ne/ [ẽˈd͡ʒaɪ̯̃ne]

### Noun

engine f (plural engines)
* (computing) engine (software or hardware system responsible for a specific technical task)
    Synonym: motor
** 2008 December, Felipe Micaroni Lalli, Felippe Franco Bueno, Guilherme Keese Zacharias, “Chrome” (chapter 4.2.8), in Evolução da programação web, Campinas: FAC, page 33:O navegador Chrome beta para Windows foi lançado setembro de 2008 e é um projeto de código-aberto do Google. A maior parte do seu código-fonte tem origem no código do Firefox e sua engine JavaScript foi baseada na engine do Safari e se chama V8. Essa engine atualmente supera a velocidade do TraceMonkey do Firefox […] .(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2011 March 22, Nilton Kleina, “O que é engine ou motor gráfico?”, in TecMundo‎, São Paulo: NZN, archived from the original on 2012-06-27:Não é fácil prever quais os futuros avanços em motores gráficos, mas a próxima grande leva de engines deve surgir apenas na geração que vem a seguir.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2015 December, Rafael Nevez, “Yoshi’s Safari”, Prévia, in Nintendo Blast, number 72, Welcome to the jungle!, page 14:Usando uma engine gráfica semelhante à de Super Mario Kart (SNES), o game apresentou visuais belos para a época.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2019 March 12, Pedro Fernandes, “Vulnerabilidade no Github e Slack permitia instalação de malware”, in TugaTech‎, Portugal, archived from the original on 2024-12-01:De acordo com o portal HackRead, o malware aproveitava uma falha na engine para redirecionar os utilizadores para falsas páginas das plataformas, com objetivo de obter os dados de acesso a contas das mesmas.(please add an English translation of this quotation)