# уста
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *usta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [oˈsta]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

уста́ • (ustá) f
* (also figurative) mouth
* (collective) lips

#### Declension
### References

* “уста”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “уста”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Carpathian Rusyn
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *usta.

### Noun

уста • (usta)
* mouth

#### Further reading

* Kercha, Ihor (2012) Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈusta]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *usta.

#### Noun

уста • (usta) f (plural усти, relational adjective устен, diminutive усте or устичка)
* mouth

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish [Term?] (Turkish usta), from Persian استاد (ostâd).

#### Noun

уста • (usta) m
* (archaic, poetic) master, mason

## Old East Slavic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *usta. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic оуста (usta) and Old Polish usta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uˈstɑ/→/uˈsta/→/uˈsta/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /uˈstɑ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /uˈsta/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /uˈsta/
* Hyphenation: у‧ста

### Noun

уста (usta) n (plural only)
* mouth
** 1076, Sviatoslav's izbornik‎, page 2:не рече оустꙑ тъчью иꙁгл҃аахъ·ne reče usty tŭčĭju izgl:aaxŭ·He didn't say: I just pronounced [them] with [my] mouth;

#### Descendants

* Old Ruthenian: уста (usta)
** Carpathian Rusyn: уста́ (ustá)
** Ukrainian: вуста́ (vustá), уста́ (ustá)
* Russian: уста́ (ustá)

### References

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “ꙋста”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1273

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *usta, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”). Cognates include Sanskrit आस् (ās, “mouth”) and Latin ōs (“mouth”). Compare Polish usta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊˈsta]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

уста́ • (ustá) n inan pl (genitive уст, plural only)
* (archaic or poetic) mouth, lips
    Synonyms: (mouth) рот (rot), (lips) гу́бы (gúby)

#### Related terms

* у́стный (ústnyj)
* у́стье (ústʹje)
* наизу́сть (naizústʹ)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *usta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ǔːsta/
* Hyphenation: у‧ста

### Noun

у́ста n pl (Latin spelling ústa)
* (plural only) mouth

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “уста”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Tabasaran
### Etymology

From Turkic, ultimately from Persian استاد. Compare Azerbaijani usta.

### Noun

уста • (usta)
* master

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊˈsta]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

уста́ • (ustá) n inan pl (genitive уст, plural only)
* Alternative form of вуста́ (vustá)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “уста”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “уста”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

## Yakut
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

уста • (usta)
* (geometry, general) length (spatial)
    сыһыы устата ― sıhıı ustata ― the length of the field
    суол устата ― suol ustata ― the length of the road
* length (temporal), duration
    сыл устата ― sıl ustata ― the length of the year

#### Derived terms

* устата (ustata, “during, throughout”)