# رحم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

Cognate to Hebrew רחם (raḥam).

#### Verb

رَحِمَ • (raḥima) I (non-past يَرْحَمُ (yarḥamu), verbal noun رَحْمَة (raḥma) or رُحْم (ruḥm) or رُحُم (ruḥum) or مَرْحَمَة (marḥama))
* to have mercy (upon), have compassion
* to spare, let off
* to save, relieve
* to be merciful

##### Derived terms

* إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ رَبِّي (ʔillā man raḥima rabbī)

### Etymology 1.2
#### Verb

رَحَّمَ • (raḥḥama) II (non-past يُرَحِّمُ (yuraḥḥimu), verbal noun تَرْحِيم (tarḥīm))
* to have mercy (upon)
* to ask God to have mercy (upon), to plead for God’s mercy

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.3

Related to Hebrew רחם (“womb”). More at R-Ḥ-M.

#### Noun

رَحِم • (raḥim) f (plural أَرْحَام (ʔarḥām))
* (anatomy) uterus, womb
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:6:هُوَ ٱلَّذِي يُصَوِّرُكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ كَيۡفَ يَشَاۤءُhuwa llaḏī yuṣawwirukum fī l-ʔarḥāmi kayfa yašāʔuHe is the One Who causes you to take shape in the wombs, as He will cause to be
* relationship, kinship

##### Descendants

* → Malay: rahim
** Indonesian: rahim
* → Ottoman Turkish: رحم
** Turkish: rahim
* → Pashto: رحم
* → Persian: رحم

### Etymology 1.4
#### Noun

رُحْم or رُحُم • (ruḥm or ruḥum) m
* verbal noun of رَحِمَ (raḥima) (form I)
* mercy, commiseration
    أُمُّ رُحْمٍ ― ʔummu ruḥmin ― Mecca

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رحم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic رَحِم (raḥim, “womb, uterus”).

#### Noun

رحم • (rahim) (plural ارحام (erham))
* uterus, womb, the organ in which the young are conceived
    Synonyms: اوغلدروق (oğulduruk), زهدان (zehdan), قارن (karn)
* (figuratively) kinship, consanguinity, especially on the maternal side

##### Descendants

* Turkish: rahim

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “rahim1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3931
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “رحم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 618
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Uterus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1797
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “رحم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2292
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “rahim”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “رحم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 968

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic رُحْم (ruḥm, “mercy”).

#### Noun

رحم • (rahm)
* pity, mercy, compassion, ruth
    Synonyms: ترحم (terahhum), شفقت (şefkat), مرحمت (merhamet)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: rahm

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “rahm”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3932
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “رحم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 617
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “رحم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2292
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “رحم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 968

## Pashto
### Etymology

From Arabic رَحَم (raḥam). Cognate to Hebrew רחם (raḥam).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raˈhəm/
* IPA: /raˈxəm/

### Noun

رحم • (rëhëm) m
* (religious, Islam) mercy

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic رَحِم (raḥim).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾa.ˈhim]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [rä.ɦɪ́m]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [rä.ɦɪ́m]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [rä.jɪ́m]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [rä.jím]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹæ.ɦém]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾä.ɦím]

#### Noun

رحم • (rahem)
* womb
    Synonyms: بطن (batn), زهدان (zehdân), بچه‌دان (baččedân)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic رُحْم (ruḥm), but the initial vowel was changed under the influence of رَحمٰن (rahmân, “the Merciful”), a common title of God.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾahm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [räɦm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [räɦm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [rɑːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [rɔːm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹæɦm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾäɦm]

#### Noun

رحم • (rahm)
* mercy, pity
** c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 464”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:رحم آر بر دل من کز مهر روی خوبت شد شخص ناتوانم باریک چون هلالیrahm ār bar dil-i man k-az mihr-i rō-yi xūbat šud šaxs-i nātawānam bārīk čūn hilālēHave mercy on my heart, for out of love for your fair face, My incapable body has become thin like a crescent moon.(Classical Persian transliteration)

##### Derived terms

* بی‌رحم (bi-rahm)

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: ռահմ (ṙahm), ըռահմ (əṙahm)
* → Assamese: ৰহম (rohom)
* → Azerbaijani: rəhm
* → Bengali: রহম (rohom)
* → Gujarati: રહેમ (rahem)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: रहम (raham)
    Urdu: رَحَم (raham)
* → Maithili:
    Devanagari script: रहम (raham)
    Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒯𑒧 (rahama)
* → Old Punjabi: ਰਹਮ (rahama /⁠rahamma⁠/)
** Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਰਹਿਮ (rahim)
    Shahmukhi script: رَحِم (raḥim)
* → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: رَحَمُ
    Devanagari script: रहमु

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “رحم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim