OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ղուկաս
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Ղուկաս (Łukas).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ʁuˈkɑs/, [ʁukɑ́s]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ʁuˈɡɑs/, [ʁuɡɑ́s]

### Proper noun

Ղուկաս • (Ġukas)
* (biblical) Luke the Evangelist
* a male given name, Ghukas, equivalent to English Luke

#### Derived terms

* Ղուկասյան (Ġukasyan)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Λουκᾶς (Loukâs).

### Proper noun

Ղուկաս • (Łukas)
* (biblical) Luke the Evangelist
* a male given name

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Ղուկաս (Ġukas)

### References

* Anonymous disciples of Mxitʻar Sebastacʻi (1769) “Ղուկաս”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui. Baṙaran yatuk anuancʻ [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary of Proper Names]‎ (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# Սիլվա
## Armenian
### Etymology

From a European language, see Silvia.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /silˈvɑ/, [silvɑ́]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /silˈvɑ/, [silvɑ́]

### Proper noun

Սիլվա • (Silva)
* a female given name, Silva
# Արամ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Արամ (Aram).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑˈɾɑm/, [ɑɾɑ́m]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑˈɾɑm/, [ɑɾɑ́m]

### Proper noun

Արամ • (Aram)
* a male given name, Aram

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Attested by Movsēs Xorenacʿi as the name of the legendary patriarch of Armenians. According to Movsēs, patriarch Aram's name is the source of the exonym Armenia, but this is a folk etymology.
According to Perixanjan, from Middle Median *Arām, from Old Iranian *Rāma- (literally “joy, peace”); compare Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 (rāman, “peace”), Persian رام (râm), آرام (ârâm). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“to rest, become quiet, calm”). She derives Արամանեակ (Aramaneak) and Արամայիս (Aramayis) from the same source.
A relation to Arame, the name of the king of Urartu of unknown meaning, has also been suggested.
Formally, the name can be derived from Classical Syriac ܐܕܡ (ʼĀḏām, “Adam”). For Syriac ḏ → Armenian ր (r) compare հրեայ (hreay), ծարիր (carir).

### Proper noun

Արամ • (Aram)
* a male given name, Aram

#### Declension

rare

#### Derived terms

* արամեան (aramean)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: Արամ (Aram)

### References

* ↑ Perixanjan, A. G. (1993) Материалы к этимологическому словарю древнеармянского языка. Часть I [Materials for the Etymological Dictionary of the Old Armenian Language. Part 1]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 11
* ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1942–1962) “Արամ”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press
# Սեպուհ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From սեպուհ (sepuh).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /seˈpuh/, [sepúh]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /seˈbuh/, [sebúh]

### Proper noun

Սեպուհ • (Sepuh)
* a male given name, Sepuh

#### Descendants

* → English: Sepuh, Sebuh, Sebouh, Sebu
# Մկրտում
## Armenian
### Etymology

From մկրտում (mkrtum, “baptism”), referring to Jesus' baptism in the Jordan River.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /məkəɾˈtum/, [məkəɾtúm]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /məɡəɾˈdum/, [məɡəɾdúm]

### Proper noun

Մկրտում • (Mkrtum)
* a male given name, Mkrtum

#### Derived terms

* Մկրտումյան (Mkrtumyan)
# Թորոս
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Թորոս (Tʻoros).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰoˈɾos/, [tʰoɾós]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /toˈɾos/, [tʰoɾós]

### Proper noun

Թորոս • (Tʻoros)
* a male given name, Toros

#### Derived terms

* Թորոսյան (Tʻorosyan)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

A shortening of Թէոդորոս (Tʻēodoros, “Theodore”). In use since the 10th century. The name became especially common in the Cilician period. Transliterated as Tafroc by the Crusaders.

### Proper noun

Թորոս • (Tʻoros)
* a male given name, Toros or Thoros

#### Derived terms

* Թորոսակ (Tʻorosak)

#### Related terms

* Թորիկ (Tʻorik), Թորիս (Tʻoris)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Թորոս (Tʻoros)
* →⇒ Polish: Torosowicz

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1944) “Թորոս”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (Erewani petakan hamalsaran. Gitakan ašxatutʻyunner; 24) (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 345
# Զավեն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Զաւէն (Zawēn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /zɑˈven/, [zɑvén]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /zɑˈven/, [zɑvén]

### Proper noun

Զավեն • (Zaven) (traditional orthography spelling Զաւէն)
* a male given name, Zaven
# Արամանյակ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian Արամանեակ (Aramaneak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾɑmɑˈnjɑk/, [ɑɾɑmɑnjɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾɑmɑˈnjɑɡ/, [ɑɾɑmɑnjɑ́ɡ]

### Proper noun

Արամանյակ • (Aramanyak) (traditional orthography spelling Արամանեակ)
* (Armenian mythology) Aramaneak
* a male given name, Aramanyak
# Leentje
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Leentje ?
* a diminutive of the female given names Helena or Lena

### Anagrams

* Neeltje
# Ագապի
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑɡɑˈpi/, [ɑɡɑpí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑkɑˈbi/, [ɑkʰɑbí]

### Proper noun

Ագապի • (Agapi)
* a female given name, Agapi
# پگاه
## Persian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [pa.ɡɑːh]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ɡɑːʱ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ɡɑːʱ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰä.ɡɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰä.ɡɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pʰæ.ɡɒːʱ], [pʰe.ɡɒːʱ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ɡɔʱ]

### Noun

پگاه • (pegâh, pagâh)
* dawn
* morning
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 673:بر نشستی اشترم را از پگاه جو رها کردم کم از اخراج کاهbar nišastī ušturam-rā az pagāh jaw rahā kardam kam az axrāj-i kāhYou have ridden on my camel since early morning: I (will) let the barley go, (but I will not take) less than the cost of (some) straw.”
* (Tajik) tomorrow

### Proper noun

پگاه • (pegâh)
* a female given name, Pegah

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “پگاه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “پگاه”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* “پگاه”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2024
# Տիգրանուհի
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Տիգրանուհի (Tigranuhi).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tiɡɾɑnuˈhi/, [tiɡɾɑnuhí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /dikɾɑnuˈhi/, [dikʰɾɑnuhí]

### Proper noun

Տիգրանուհի • (Tigranuhi)
* a female given name, Tigranuhi

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Feminine form of Տիգրան (Tigran), composed of Տիգրան (Tigran) +‎ -ուհի (-uhi).

### Proper noun

Տիգրանուհի • (Tigranuhi)
* a female given name

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Տիգրանուհի (Tigranuhi)
# فروغ
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fu.ruːɣ/

### Noun

فُرُوغ • (furūḡ)
* verbal noun of فَرَغَ (faraḡa) (form I)

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plwk' /⁠frōg⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *fra- + *ráwčah (“light”, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-os (“light”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [fu.ɾoːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [fu.ɾʊːɣ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fo.ɹuːɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [fu.ɾɵʁ]

### Noun

فروغ • (foruğ)
* brightness, lustre
    Synonym: روشنی (rowšani)
** c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 12”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:ای فروغِ ماهِ حسن از روی رخشان شما آبروی خوبی از چاه زنخدان شماay furôğ-i mâh-i husn az rôy-i raxšân-i šumâ âbirôy-i xûbî az čâh-i zanaxdân-i šumâO, the radiance of the moon of grace is from that bright face of yours; The dignity of beauty, from the dimple on that chin of yours.(Classical Persian transliteration)

#### Derived terms

* پرفروغ (por-foruğ)
* کم‌فروغ (kam-foruğ)

#### Descendants

* → Urdu: فَروغ (faroġ)

### Proper noun

فروغ • (foruğ)
* a female given name, Forough

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فروغ”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# interphenotype
## English
### Etymology

From inter- +‎ phenotype.

### Adjective

interphenotype (not comparable)
* Between phenotypes.
# Աստղիկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Աստղիկ (Astłik). First used as a personal given name in the 15th century.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑstˈʁik/, [ɑstʁík]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑsdˈʁiɡ/, [ɑstʁíɡ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Proper noun

Աստղիկ • (Astġik)
* (Armenian mythology) Astghik
* a female given name, Astghik, from Old Armenian

#### Related terms

* աստղ (astġ)

#### See also

* Վահագն (Vahagn)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

աստղ (astł, “star”) +‎ -իկ (-ik, diminutive suffix)

### Proper noun

Աստղիկ • (Astłik)
* (Armenian mythology) Astghik
* (Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Aphrodite, Venus
* (astronomy) planet Venus; the morning star

#### Synonyms

* (planet Venus): Արուսեակ (Aruseak)

#### Derived terms

* աստղկեան (astłkean)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Աստղիկ (Astġik)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “Աստղիկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “Աստղիկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1942–1962) “Աստղիկ”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press
# Բարաք
## Armenian
### Etymology

Transliteration of English Barack.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /bɑˈɾɑkʰ/, [bɑɾɑ́kʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /pɑˈɾɑk/, [pʰɑɾɑ́kʰ]

### Proper noun

Բարաք • (Barakʻ)
* a male given name, Barack, from English
    Բարաք Օբամա ― Barakʻ Ōbama ― Barack Obama
# Ազատ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From ազատ (azat, “free”).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑˈzɑt/, [ɑzɑ́t]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑˈzɑd/, [ɑzɑ́d]

### Proper noun

Ազատ • (Azat)
* a male given name, Azat

#### Derived terms

* Ազատյան (Azatyan)
# Հիպոկրատ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* Հիպոկրատես (Hipokrates)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hipokˈɾɑt/, [hipokɾɑ́t]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hiboɡˈɾɑd/, [hiboɡɾɑ́d]

### Proper noun

Հիպոկրատ • (Hipokrat)
* A transliteration of the Ancient Greek male given name Ἱπποκράτης (Hippokrátēs), Hippocrates

#### Declension
### References

* Barseġyan, Hovhannes (2006) “Avandakan ew patmakan anjnanunneri hayeren taṙadarjutʻyan masin orošum [A Decision on Armenian Transcription of Traditional and Historic Personal Names]”, in Terminabanakan ew uġġagrakan teġekatu [Terminological and Orthographic Reference Book]‎ (in Armenian), 6th edition, Yerevan: 9-rd hrashalik, →ISBN, page 58
# Շապուհ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Շապուհ (Šapuh).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ʃɑˈpuh/, [ʃɑpúh]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ʃɑˈbuh/, [ʃɑbúh]

### Proper noun

Շապուհ • (Šapuh)
* a male given name, particularly borne by several kings of Persia known in English as Shapur

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* Շապուրհ (Šapurh)

### Etymology

The older form is Շապուրհ (Šapurh), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 (šḥpʿḥʿy /⁠Šāpuhr, Šābuhr⁠/).

### Proper noun

Շապուհ • (Šapuh)
* a male given name, Shapuh

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Շապուհ (Šapuh)

### References

* Anonymous disciples of Mxitʻar Sebastacʻi (1769) “Շապուհ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui. Baṙaran yatuk anuancʻ [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary of Proper Names]‎ (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1942–1962) “Շապուհ”, in Hayocʻ anjnanunneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Personal Names of Armenians] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press
# Lazar
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English [Term?], from lazare (“leper”), from Old French lazare, from Latin lazarus, from Lazarus (name of a biblical figure), from Ancient Greek Λάζαρος (Lázaros), from Hebrew אלעזר (ʼElʻāzār).

#### Proper noun

Lazar
* A British surname.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Lazar, ultimately from Ancient Greek Λάζαρος (Lázaros), from Hebrew אלעזר (ʼElʻāzār). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Proper noun

Lazar
* A Serbian male given name from Serbo-Croatian.
** 1857 May, “Life in Servia”, in The Young Men’s Magazine, volume 1, number 1, page 15:The Servians have a legend, which gives a terrible picture of this national virtue: “Day departs, and the moon shines upon the white fields of snow. A stranger enters the dwelling of poor Lazar.
** 1861, George W. M. Reynolds, “The Death of Murad”, in The Young Fisherman, and Other Stories, London: John Dicks, page 88:It was on the morning after the arrival of the Mussulman forces upon the plain of Kossova, that a herald, accompanied by a small escort, demanded an interview with the Sultan Murad, on the part of his master, Lazar, the King of Servia.

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* Laser, Lazer

#### Proper noun

Lazar
* An Ashkenazi Jewish surname.
** 1980, Stanley Nash, In Search of Hebraism (Studies in Judaism in Modern Times; 3), Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, page 191:At that time S.M. Lazar, editor in Cracow of the new Hebrew nespaper, Ha-Miṣpeh, had accused Hurwitz and his editor, Yosef Klausner, of anarchism, sacrilege, and “missionizing.”

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

Lazar (plural Lazars)
* Alternative letter-case form of lazar

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lâzaːr/
* Hyphenation: La‧zar

### Proper noun

Lȁzār m (Cyrillic spelling Ла̏за̄р)
* a male given name, equivalent to English Lazarus

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Lazar”, in Portal suvremenih hrvatskih osobnih imena [Portal of contemporary Croatian personal names] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2018–2025
# אביגיל
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From אָבִי ('aví, “my father”) +‎ גִּיל (gíl, “joy”).

### Proper noun

אֲבִיגַיִל • (avigáyil) f
* (biblical) Abigail (the wife of Nabal and later of David in the Old Testament)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Abigail

#### References

* H26 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# توماس
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Thomas.

### Proper noun

توماس • (tomâs)
* a male given name, Thomas, from English
# فرزانه
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plcʾnk' /⁠frazānag⁠/, “wise, intelligent”), which is cognate with Parthian 𐫜𐫡𐫉𐫀𐫗𐫃 (frzʾng /⁠frazānag⁠/, “wise, clever”). Equivalent to فرزان (farzân) +‎ ـه (e).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [faɾ.zɑː.na]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fäɾ.zɑː.nä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fäɾ.zɑː.nä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [fäɾ.zɑː.nä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [fäɾ.zɔː.nä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fæɹ.zɒː.ne]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [fäɾ.zɔ.nä]

### Adjective

فرزانه • (farzâne) (comparative فرزانه‌تَر (farzâne-tar), superlative فرزانه‌تَرین (farzâne-tarin))
* wise, learned, sapient

### Noun

فرزانه • (farzâne) (plural فرزانه‌ها (farzâne-hâ) or فرزانگان (farzânegân))
* wise person

### Proper noun

فرزانه • (farzâne)
* a female given name, Farzaneh
* a surname

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: ফারজানা (pharjana)
* → Urdu: فرزانہ (Farzānā)
* → Turkish: Ferzane

### References

* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 33
# آنجلا
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Angela.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑːnd͡ʒelɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑːnd͡ʒelɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑːnd͡ʒelɑː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑːnd͡ʒelɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔːnd͡ʒelɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒːnd͡ʒelɒː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔnd͡ʒelɔ]

### Proper noun

آنجلا • (ânjelâ)
* a female given name, Angela, from English

### See also

* آنجلینا (ânjelinâ)
* آنگلا (ângelâ)
# ریکاردو
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Ricardo and Portuguese Ricardo.

### Pronunciation

* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹiː.kʰɒːɹ.d̪ó]

### Proper noun

ریکاردو • (rikârdo)
* a male given name, Ricardo, from Portuguese
# اعظم
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَعْظَم (ʔaʕẓam).

### Adjective

اعظم • (azam) (feminine عظمی (uzmâ))
* greatest

#### Related terms

* اعظمی (azami)

### References

* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “azam 1”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اعظم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 113a

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَعْظَم (ʔaʕẓam).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaʔ.ˈzam]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäʔ.zǽm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäʔ.zǽm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.zǽm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.zǽm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæʔ.zǽm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäʔ.zǽm]

### Adjective

اعظم • (a'zam)
* greater, greatest

### Proper noun

اعظم • (a'zam)
* a female given name, Azam

### Related terms

* عَظیم ('azim)

### Further reading

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “اعظم”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَعْظَم (ʔaʕẓam).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ə.(ʔ)zəm/, /ɑː.zəm/
* Rhymes: -əm

### Adjective

اَعْظَم • (a'zam) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling आज़म)
* greatest
* supreme; paramount

#### Derived terms

* بَرِّ اَعْظَم (barr-i a'zam)
* صَحْرائے اَعْظَم (sahrā-e a'zam)
* وَزِیرِ اَعْظَم (vazīr-i a'zam)

### References

* “اعظم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “اعظم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
# Ludovico
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* Lodovico

### Etymology

From Latin Ludovīcus, from Old High German *Hlūtwīg, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz (“loud, famous”) + *wīgą (“battle”). Compare German Ludwig.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lu.doˈvi.ko/
* Rhymes: -iko
* Hyphenation: Lu‧do‧vì‧co

### Proper noun

Ludovico m
* a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Louis or Lewis

#### See also

* Luigi
* Ludovica, Lodovica (female equivalents)

## Latin
### Proper noun

Lūdovīcō
* dative/ablative singular of Lūdovīcus

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin Ludovīcus, from Old High German *Hlūtwīg, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz (“loud, famous”) + *wīgą (“battle”). Compare German Ludwig. Doublet of Luis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ludoˈbiko/ [lu.ð̞oˈβ̞i.ko]
* Rhymes: -iko
* Syllabification: Lu‧do‧vi‧co

### Proper noun

Ludovico m
* a male given name
# milczę
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /ˈmil.t͡ʂɛ/, (careful speech) /ˈmil.t͡ʂɛw̃/
* Rhymes: -ilt͡ʂɛw̃
* Syllabification: mil‧czę

### Verb

milczę
* first-person singular present of milczeć
# 税率
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 税率 – see 稅率 (“tax rate”). (This term is the simplified form of 稅率).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 税 | 率 |
| ぜい Grade: 5 | りつ Grade: 5 |
| kan'yōon | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 稅率 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

税(ぜい) (zei, “tax”) + 率(りつ) (ritsu, “rate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぜーりつ [zèérítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* (Kyoto) ぜーりつ [zèérítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡ze̞ːɾʲit͡sɨ]

### Noun

税(ぜい)率(りつ) • (zeiritsu)
* (taxation) tax rate

#### Derived terms

* 累(るい)進(しん)税(ぜい)率(りつ) (ruishin zeiritsu)

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 “税率”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
# domino effect
## English
### Etymology

An allusion to a row of dominoes in which the fall of one leads to a cascade of falling pieces.

### Noun

domino effect (plural domino effects)
* The situation in which one event sets off a chain of additional events.
** 2023 March 22, Philip Oltermann, “Switzerland’s national pride dealt heavy blow by the merger of its banking titans”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:While the move has, for now, calmed fears of a repeat of a 2008-style domino effect, the merger has left Switzerland with a new megabank on Paradeplatz square.
* (politics, historical) The theory that, if South Vietnam became communist, it would be followed by Cambodia, Laos, additional Southeast Asian countries, other Asian countries, and likely even elsewhere.
    Synonym: domino theory

#### See also

* butterfly effect
* demonstration effect
* ripple effect
* slippery slope
* snowball effect

### Further reading

* Domino effect on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Domino theory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# ასტროლაბი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [astʼɾoɫabi]

### Noun

ასტროლაბი • (asṭrolabi) (plural ასტროლაბები)
* astrolabe

#### Declension

Declension of ასტროლაბი (see Georgian declension) :
| | singular | plural | archaic plural |
| nominative | ასტროლაბი (asṭrolabi) | ასტროლაბები (asṭrolabebi) | ასტროლაბნი (asṭrolabni) |
| ergative | ასტროლაბმა (asṭrolabma) | ასტროლაბებმა (asṭrolabebma) | ასტროლაბთ(ა) (asṭrolabt(a)) |
| dative | ასტროლაბს(ა) (asṭrolabs(a)) | ასტროლაბებს(ა) (asṭrolabebs(a)) | ასტროლაბთ(ა) (asṭrolabt(a)) |
| genitive | ასტროლაბის(ა) (asṭrolabis(a)) | ასტროლაბების(ა) (asṭrolabebis(a)) | ასტროლაბთ(ა) (asṭrolabt(a)) |
| instrumental | ასტროლაბით(ა) (asṭrolabit(a)) | ასტროლაბებით(ა) (asṭrolabebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ასტროლაბად(ა) (asṭrolabad(a)) | ასტროლაბებად(ა) (asṭrolabebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ასტროლაბო (asṭrolabo) | ასტროლაბებო (asṭrolabebo) | ასტროლაბნო (asṭrolabno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. ||||
Postpositional inflection of ასტროლაბი (see Georgian postpositions) :
| postpositions taking the dative case | singular | plural |
| -ზე (-ze, “on”) | ასტროლაბზე (asṭrolabze) | ასტროლაბებზე (asṭrolabebze) |
| -თან (-tan, “near”) | ასტროლაბთან (asṭrolabtan) | ასტროლაბებთან (asṭrolabebtan) |
| -ში (-ši, “in”) | ასტროლაბში (asṭrolabši) | ასტროლაბებში (asṭrolabebši) |
| -ვით (-vit, “like”) | ასტროლაბივით (asṭrolabivit) | ასტროლაბებივით (asṭrolabebivit) |
| postpositions taking the genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (-tvis, “for”) | ასტროლაბისთვის (asṭrolabistvis) | ასტროლაბებისთვის (asṭrolabebistvis) |
| -ებრ (-ebr, “like”) | ასტროლაბისებრ (asṭrolabisebr) | ასტროლაბებისებრ (asṭrolabebisebr) |
| -კენ (-ḳen, “towards”) | ასტროლაბისკენ (asṭrolabisḳen) | ასტროლაბებისკენ (asṭrolabebisḳen) |
| -გან (-gan, “from/of”) | ასტროლაბისგან (asṭrolabisgan) | ასტროლაბებისგან (asṭrolabebisgan) |
| -ადმი (-admi, “in relation to”) | ასტროლაბისადმი (asṭrolabisadmi) | ასტროლაბებისადმი (asṭrolabebisadmi) |
| postpositions taking the instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (-dan, “from/since”) | ასტროლაბიდან (asṭrolabidan) | ასტროლაბებიდან (asṭrolabebidan) |
| -ურთ (-urt, “together with”) | ასტროლაბითურთ (asṭrolabiturt) | ასტროლაბებითურთ (asṭrolabebiturt) |
| postpositions taking the adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (-mde, “up to”) | ასტროლაბამდე (asṭrolabamde) | ასტროლაბებამდე (asṭrolabebamde) |