# 甑

| 甑 | U+7511, &#29969; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7511 |
| ← 甐 [U+7510] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甒 → [U+7512] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甑 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金日一女弓 (CAMVN), four-corner 8161$_7$, composition ⿰曾瓦)
* boiler for steaming rice, pot

#### Derived characters

* 𬅎

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 752, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21602
* Dae Jaweon: page 1159, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1432, character 8
* Unihan data for U+7511

## Chinese

* 甑

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 甑
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 潧 | *ʔsrɯn |
| 繒 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 增 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *ʔsɯːŋs |
| 憎 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 磳 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 曾 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ |
| 矰 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 罾 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 熷 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 竲 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 橧 | *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯŋ |
| 譄 | *ʔsɯːŋ |
| 蹭 | *sʰɯːŋs |
| 層 | *zɯːŋ |
| 贈 | *zɯːŋs |
| 僧 | *sɯːŋ |
| 鬙 | *sɯːŋ |
| 甑 | *ʔsɯŋs |
| 鄫 | *zɯŋ |
| 驓 | *zɯŋ |
| 嶒 | *zɯŋ |
| 噌 | *sʰɯːŋ |
| 鏳 | *zrɯːŋ |

### Etymology

Derived from 蒸 (OC *təŋ, “to steam”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zèng (zeng$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zang$^6$ / zang$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zen$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chen
    (Hailu, HRS): zen$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zên$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cáing
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceng$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chèng / chǹg
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zèng
*** Wade–Giles: tsêng$^4$
*** Yale: dzèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzenq
*** Palladius: цзэн (czɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zang$^6$ / zang$^3$
*** Yale: jahng / jang
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzang$^6$ / dzang$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeng$^6$ / zeng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐŋ²²/, /t͡sɐŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chen
*** Hakka Romanization System: zen
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sen⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zen$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sen¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zên$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɛn⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cáing
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saiŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceng$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: che̍ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zexng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǹg
*** Tâi-lô: tsǹg
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zngx
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: tsingH
Rime :
| Character | 甑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子孕切 |
| Baxter | tsingH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sieŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siəŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭəŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯əŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*S-təŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 甑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsing$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*S-təŋ-s/ |
| English | boiler for steaming rice |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16630 |
| Phonetic component | 曾 |
| Rime group | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsɯŋs/ |
| Notes | 曾轉註分化字 |

### Definitions

甑
* (historical) earthenware pot for steaming food
    See also: 甗
* wooden rice steamer
* distillation vessel

### Compounds

* 丹甑
* 墯甑不顧 / 墯甑不顾
* 曲頸甑 / 曲颈甑 (qūjǐngzèng)
* 甑塵釜魚 / 甑尘釜鱼
* 甑箄
* 破甑生塵 / 破甑生尘
* 籠甑 / 笼甑
* 飯甑 / 饭甑 (fànzèng)

### Descendants

* → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *tsjɛŋᴴ
* →? Vietnamese: xửng

### References

* “甑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “甑”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 300.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): そう (sō)
* Kun: こしき (koshiki, 甑)

## Korean
### Hanja

甑 • (jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune–Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甑: Hán Nôm readings: tắng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.