# gloria
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gloria. Doublet of glory.

### Noun

gloria (countable and uncountable, plural glorias)
* A lightweight fabric used for umbrellas and dresses.
* (religion, countable) A doxology.
** 1855, The Colonial Church chronicle, and missionary journal:The glorias, canticles, and some translations of popular hymns are admirably sung; I do not know that I ever heard congregational singing more effective.

#### Translations
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Latin gloria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡloriɑ/, [ˈɡlo̞riɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -oriɑ
* Hyphenation: glo‧ria

### Noun

gloria
* glory (optical phenomenon)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of gloria (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
gloriani
gloriani
accusative
nom.
gloriani
gloriani
gen.
gloriani
genitive
gloriani
glorioideni glorioitteni gloriaini $^{rare}$
partitive
gloriaani
glorioitani
inessive
gloriassani
glorioissani
elative
gloriastani
glorioistani
illative
gloriaani
glorioihini
adessive
gloriallani
glorioillani
ablative
glorialtani
glorioiltani
allative
glorialleni
glorioilleni
essive
glorianani
glorioinani
translative
gloriakseni
glorioikseni
abessive
gloriattani
glorioittani
instructive
comitative
—glorioineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
gloriasi
gloriasi
accusative
nom.
gloriasi
gloriasi
gen.
gloriasi
genitive
gloriasi
glorioidesi glorioittesi gloriaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
gloriaasi
glorioitasi
inessive
gloriassasi
glorioissasi
elative
gloriastasi
glorioistasi
illative
gloriaasi
glorioihisi
adessive
gloriallasi
glorioillasi
ablative
glorialtasi
glorioiltasi
allative
gloriallesi
glorioillesi
essive
glorianasi
glorioinasi
translative
gloriaksesi
glorioiksesi
abessive
gloriattasi
glorioittasi
instructive
comitative
—glorioinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
gloriamme
gloriamme
accusative
nom.
gloriamme
gloriamme
gen.
gloriamme
genitive
gloriamme
glorioidemme glorioittemme gloriaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
gloriaamme
glorioitamme
inessive
gloriassamme
glorioissamme
elative
gloriastamme
glorioistamme
illative
gloriaamme
glorioihimme
adessive
gloriallamme
glorioillamme
ablative
glorialtamme
glorioiltamme
allative
gloriallemme
glorioillemme
essive
glorianamme
glorioinamme
translative
gloriaksemme
glorioiksemme
abessive
gloriattamme
glorioittamme
instructive
comitative
—glorioinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
glorianne
glorianne
accusative
nom.
glorianne
glorianne
gen.
glorianne
genitive
glorianne
glorioidenne glorioittenne gloriainne $^{rare}$
partitive
gloriaanne
glorioitanne
inessive
gloriassanne
glorioissanne
elative
gloriastanne
glorioistanne
illative
gloriaanne
glorioihinne
adessive
gloriallanne
glorioillanne
ablative
glorialtanne
glorioiltanne
allative
gloriallenne
glorioillenne
essive
gloriananne
glorioinanne
translative
gloriaksenne
glorioiksenne
abessive
gloriattanne
glorioittanne
instructive
comitative
—glorioinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
gloriansa
gloriansa
accusative
nom.
gloriansa
gloriansa
gen.
gloriansa
genitive
gloriansa
glorioidensa glorioittensa gloriainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
gloriaansa
glorioitaan glorioitansa
inessive
gloriassaan gloriassansa
glorioissaan glorioissansa
elative
gloriastaan gloriastansa
glorioistaan glorioistansa
illative
gloriaansa
glorioihinsa
adessive
gloriallaan gloriallansa
glorioillaan glorioillansa
ablative
glorialtaan glorialtansa
glorioiltaan glorioiltansa
allative
glorialleen gloriallensa
glorioilleen glorioillensa
essive
glorianaan glorianansa
glorioinaan glorioinansa
translative
gloriakseen gloriaksensa
glorioikseen glorioiksensa
abessive
gloriattaan gloriattansa
glorioittaan glorioittansa
instructive
comitative
—glorioineen glorioinensa :

### Further reading

* “gloria”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Italian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin glōria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡlɔ.rja/
* Rhymes: -ɔrja
* Hyphenation: glò‧ria

### Noun

gloria f (plural glorie)
* glory
** c. 1226, Francis of Assisi, Cantico delle creature [Canticle of the Creatures]‎, page 1:Altissimu onnipotente bonsignore. tue so le laude la gloria elhonore et onne benedictione.Most high, all-powerful, good Lord, yours are the praises, the glory, honor and all blessing.
** 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXXI”, in Inferno [Hell]‎, lines 115–117; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:[…] la fortunata valle che fece Scipïon di gloria reda, quand' Anibàl co' suoi diede le spalleThe lucky valley that made Scipio of glory heir, when Hannibal with his [men] turned their backs
** 1475, Angelo Poliziano, “Libro Ⅰ”, in Stanze de messer Angelo Politiano cominciate per la giostra del magnifico Giuliano di Pietro de Medici‎, collected in Poesie Italiane by Saverio Orlando, Bologna: Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli, published 1988, section 19, page 89:Un disio sol d’eterna gloria e fama, Che le ’nfiammate menti a virtù chiama.A desire of eternal glory and fame only, that calls the enflamed minds to virtue.
** 1581, Torquato Tasso, “Canto secondo”, in Gerusalemme liberata [Jerusalem Delivered]‎, Erasmo Viotti, page 41:E se bene acquistar puoi novi imperi: Acquistar nova gloria indarno speri.And, while you can very well conquer new empires, you hope in vain to conquer new glory.
** 1671, Francesco Redi, Esperienze intorno a diverse cose naturali [Experiences About Various Things of Nature]‎, page 59:E se per lo contrario voi rinverrete, che anco la vostra pietra non abbia virtù alcuna, godremo unitamente della gloria di aver ritrovata una verità, e di avere svelata una menzognaAnd if, conversely, you should find out that even your stone has no power whatsoever, we will bask together in the glory of having discovered a truth, and unveiled a lie
** 1799, Vittorio Alfieri, “Epigramma ⅬⅡ - 29 maggio 1796 [Epigram 52 - May 29, 1796]”, in Misogallo [The French-Hater]‎, London, page 168, lines 1–4:Non vorrian esser Vandali, i Francesi; Quindi or gl'Itali Quadri arder non vonno; Ma solo a gloria intesi, Per fingersi non barbari, li rubanoThe French wouldn't want to be vandals, so they don't want to burn the Italian paintings. But, seeking glory only, to pretend they're not barbaric, they steal them
** 1894, Gabriele D'Annunzio, “Ⅱ. [Chapter 2]”, in Elegie romane‎, page 65:— Ma la gloria? — La vera gloria è postuma, e quindi non godibile."What about glory?" "True glory is posthumous, and therefore not enjoyable."
** 1957, Indro Montanelli, “Cesare [Caesar]”, in Storia di Roma [History of Rome], 46th edition, Milan, published 1973:Cesare ora poteva allontanarsi anche da Roma per procurarsi quello che tuttavia gli mancava: la gloria militare e un esercito fedele.Caesar was now able to leave Rome as well, in order to obtain that which he still lacked: military glory, and a faithful army.
* praise
** c. 1477, Lorenzo de' Medici, “Ⅴ. Beato chi nel concilio non va”, in Rime, collected in Opere, published 1913, page 127, line 19:Gloria a te sempre, onnipotente Iddio.Praise to you always, all-powerful God.

#### Related terms

* glorificare
* glorificarsi
* glorificativo
* glorificatore
* glorificazione
* glorioso

### Anagrams

* algori, giralo, graoli, raglio, ragliò, riloga

## Ladin
### Noun

gloria f (plural glories)
* glory

## Latin
### Etymology

Origin uncertain. Possibly from a dissimilation of an unattested Proto-Italic *gnōrjā, through *gnoris (“knowledge”) (compare Ancient Greek γνώριμος (gnṓrimos, “well-known, familiar”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know, recognize”). For the dissimilation compare grōma from Ancient Greek γνῶμα (gnôma). Cognate with gnāvus, gnārus, ignōrō (with no dissimilation), nārrō, and also nōscō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈɡloː.ri.a/, [ˈɡɫ̪oːriä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈɡlo.ri.a/, [ˈɡlɔːriä]

### Noun

glōria f (genitive glōriae); first declension
* glory, renown, fame, honor

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* sic transit gloria mundi

#### Related terms

* glōriātiō
* glōriola
* glōrior
* glōriōsē
* glōriōsus

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: glòria
* → Galician: groria (semi-learned)
* → Italian: gloria
** → Romanian: glorie
* → Occitan: glòria
* → Old French: glorie, gloire
** French: gloire
** → Middle English: glory, glorie
*** English: glory
* → Portuguese: glória
* → Spanish: gloria
* → Dutch: glorie
* → Finnish: gloria
* → Old Irish: glóir
** Irish: glóir
** Manx: gloyr
** Scottish Gaelic: glòir

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “glōria”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 265-6

### Further reading

* “gloria”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “gloria”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "gloria", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* gloria in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to gain distinction: gloriam, famam sibi comparare to win (undying) fame: gloriam (immortalem) consequi, adipisci to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: gloriae, laudi esse to be very famous, illustrious: gloria, laude florere to have reached the highest pinnacle of eminence: summa gloria florere to become famous, distinguish oneself: gloriam colligere, in summam gloriam venire to confer undying fame on, immortalise some one: aliquem immortali gloria afficere to confer undying fame on, immortalise some one: aliquem sempiternae gloriae commendare to be guided by ambition: gloria duci to be guided by ambition: laudem, gloriam quaerere to be spurred on by ambition: stimulis gloriae concitari to be consumed by the fires of ambition: gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: de gloria, fama alicuius detrahere to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: alicuius gloriae or simply alicui obtrectare to render obscure, eclipse a person: obscurare alicuius gloriam, laudem, famam (not obscurare aliquem)
* gloria in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
* Kölligan, Daniel (2015) “Lat. glōria und der „glänzende Ruhm“ im Indogermanischen”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in German), volume 128, →DOI, pages 72–88

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* glorien

### Noun

gloria m or f
* definite feminine singular of glorie

## Old Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin glōria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡloɾja/

### Noun

gloria f (plural glorias)
* glory
** c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 19r:[…] &́ vieron la gĺa de iſŕl dedios. Como huebra de blãcor. &́ de cristal. ⁊ como color de los cielo$^s$ mõdos […][…] and they saw the glory of the God of Israel, like a work of white and crystal, and like the color of realm of the heavens. […]

#### Related terms

* gloriar

#### Descendants

* Spanish: gloria

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin glōria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡlɔ.rja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔrja
* Syllabification: glo‧ria
* Homophone: Gloria

### Noun

gloria f
* glory (honour, admiration, or distinction)
    Synonyms: aureola, chwała, nimb, sława, splendor
* (art, Christianity) aureole, glory, halo, nimbus (luminous disc around the heads of saints in sacred art)
    Synonyms: aureola, nimb, nimbus
* (optics) glory (optical phenomenon)
* (literary, military) glory (war victory)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* gloria in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gloria in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

gloria
* inflection of gloriar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

gloria f (plural glorias)
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of glória.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish gloria, borrowed from Latin glōria.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡloɾja/ [ˈɡlo.ɾja]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -oɾja
* Syllabification: glo‧ria

### Noun

gloria f (plural glorias)
* glory

#### Derived terms

* a gloria
* en la gloria
* gloria de la mañana
* ni pena ni gloria
* sin pena ni gloria
* y aquí paz y después gloria

### Further reading

* “gloria”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* gorila, girola, gíralo

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Latin gloria

### Noun

gloria c
* a halo (on a saint)
    Synonyms: helgonskimmer, strålkrans
    en gloria på sneda halo askew

#### Related terms

* gloriesken
* glorifiera
* glorifiering
* gloriös
* helgongloria

### References

* gloria in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

### Anagrams

* roliga