# libero
## English
### Etymology

From Italian libero (literally “free one”). So called because he has no direct opponent to mark and is therefore free to join in the offensive. The volleyball use is younger.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈlɪbəɹəʊ/
* (US) IPA: /ˈlɪbəɹoʊ/, (nonstandard) /lɪˈbɛɹoʊ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

libero (plural liberos)
* (soccer) A central defender to whom no forward is assigned for marking, forming the last line of defence and often initiating the offensive play.
    Synonym: sweeper
** 2024 January 8, Sachin Nakrani, “Franz Beckenbauer, World Cup-winning captain and manager, dies aged 78”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Nicknamed “Der Kaiser”, Beckenbauer was as elegant as he was dominant, and such was his assurance in possession that he came to master the modern sweeper role, or libero. More so, he is credited with creating it.
* (volleyball) A designated back-row player intended to be used as a ball-control specialist.

#### Usage notes

* (volleyball): in volleyball rules and other official documents, Libero is always capitalised. In common usage it follows normal capitalisation rules and conventions.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* boiler, reboil

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: li‧be‧ro

### Noun

libero
* (volleyball) a libero
* (soccer) a sweeper

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɪbɛro]

### Noun

libero n
* (soccer) libero, sweeper
* (volleyball) libero (designated back-row player specialized in defensive skills)

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian libero.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈli.beː.roː/, /ˈli.bə.roː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: li‧be‧ro

### Noun

libero m (plural libero's)
* (volleyball) a libero
* (soccer) a libero, a sweeper [from 1960s]
    Synonym: ausputzer

### Anagrams

* boiler

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Italian libero.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlibero/, [ˈlibe̞ro̞]
* Rhymes: -ibero
* Hyphenation: li‧be‧ro

### Noun

libero
* (soccer) sweeper, libero

#### Declension

Possessive forms of libero (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
liberoni
liberoni
accusative
nom.
liberoni
liberoni
gen.
liberoni
genitive
liberoni
liberojeni liberoideni liberoitteni
partitive
liberoani
liberojani liberoitani
inessive
liberossani
liberoissani
elative
liberostani
liberoistani
illative
liberooni
liberoihini
adessive
liberollani
liberoillani
ablative
liberoltani
liberoiltani
allative
liberolleni
liberoilleni
essive
liberonani
liberoinani
translative
liberokseni
liberoikseni
abessive
liberottani
liberoittani
instructive
comitative
—liberoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
liberosi
liberosi
accusative
nom.
liberosi
liberosi
gen.
liberosi
genitive
liberosi
liberojesi liberoidesi liberoittesi
partitive
liberoasi
liberojasi liberoitasi
inessive
liberossasi
liberoissasi
elative
liberostasi
liberoistasi
illative
liberoosi
liberoihisi
adessive
liberollasi
liberoillasi
ablative
liberoltasi
liberoiltasi
allative
liberollesi
liberoillesi
essive
liberonasi
liberoinasi
translative
liberoksesi
liberoiksesi
abessive
liberottasi
liberoittasi
instructive
comitative
—liberoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
liberomme
liberomme
accusative
nom.
liberomme
liberomme
gen.
liberomme
genitive
liberomme
liberojemme liberoidemme liberoittemme
partitive
liberoamme
liberojamme liberoitamme
inessive
liberossamme
liberoissamme
elative
liberostamme
liberoistamme
illative
liberoomme
liberoihimme
adessive
liberollamme
liberoillamme
ablative
liberoltamme
liberoiltamme
allative
liberollemme
liberoillemme
essive
liberonamme
liberoinamme
translative
liberoksemme
liberoiksemme
abessive
liberottamme
liberoittamme
instructive
comitative
—liberoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
liberonne
liberonne
accusative
nom.
liberonne
liberonne
gen.
liberonne
genitive
liberonne
liberojenne liberoidenne liberoittenne
partitive
liberoanne
liberojanne liberoitanne
inessive
liberossanne
liberoissanne
elative
liberostanne
liberoistanne
illative
liberoonne
liberoihinne
adessive
liberollanne
liberoillanne
ablative
liberoltanne
liberoiltanne
allative
liberollenne
liberoillenne
essive
liberonanne
liberoinanne
translative
liberoksenne
liberoiksenne
abessive
liberottanne
liberoittanne
instructive
comitative
—liberoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
liberonsa
liberonsa
accusative
nom.
liberonsa
liberonsa
gen.
liberonsa
genitive
liberonsa
liberojensa liberoidensa liberoittensa
partitive
liberoaan liberoansa
liberojaan liberoitaan liberojansa liberoitansa
inessive
liberossaan liberossansa
liberoissaan liberoissansa
elative
liberostaan liberostansa
liberoistaan liberoistansa
illative
liberoonsa
liberoihinsa
adessive
liberollaan liberollansa
liberoillaan liberoillansa
ablative
liberoltaan liberoltansa
liberoiltaan liberoiltansa
allative
liberolleen liberollensa
liberoilleen liberoillensa
essive
liberonaan liberonansa
liberoinaan liberoinansa
translative
liberokseen liberoksensa
liberoikseen liberoiksensa
abessive
liberottaan liberottansa
liberoittaan liberoittansa
instructive
comitative
—liberoineen liberoinensa :

### Further reading

* “libero”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Switzerland):(file)

### Noun

libero m (plural liberos)
* Alternative spelling of libéro

## Galician
### Verb

libero
* first-person singular present indicative of liberar

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin līberum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈli.be.ro/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ibero
* Hyphenation: lì‧be‧ro

### Adjective

libero (feminine libera, masculine plural liberi, feminine plural libere, superlative liberissimo)
* free (not imprisoned or enslaved)
    Un uomo libero. ― A free man.
* clear, unobstructed (without blockages)
    Il passaggio era libero. ― The passage was clear.
* free (without obligations)
    tempo libero ― Free time; leisure time
    Sono libero stasera. ― I am free this evening.
* free (that does not have to be paid for)
    Ingresso libero. ― Free admission.
* free (as in "free software")
    Software libero. ― Free software.

#### Related terms

* liberamente
* liberare
* liberismo
* liberista
* libero professionista
* libertà
* via libera

#### Descendants

* → Ladino: libero

### Verb

libero
* first-person singular present indicative of liberare

### Noun

libero m (plural liberi)
* (soccer) libero, sweeper

### Further reading

* libero in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Italian libero.

### Adjective

libero
* free

## Latin
### Etymology

From līber (“free”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈliː.be.roː/, [ˈlʲiːbɛroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈli.be.ro/, [ˈliːbero]

### Adjective

līberō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of līber

### Verb

līberō (present infinitive līberāre, perfect active līberāvī, supine līberātum); first conjugation
* to free, set free, liberate
    Synonyms: eximō, absolvō, vindicō, exuō, exonerō, excipiō, prīvō
    Antonyms: refrēnō, coerceō, saepiō, officiō, obstō, comprimō, impediō, arceō, supprimō
    Camillus Rōmam ex obsidiōne Gallōrum līberāvit.Camillus liberated Rome from the siege of the Gauls.
* to release, deliver
    Synonyms: persolvō, absolvō, exonerō, excipiō, eximō, servō, extrahō, prīvō
* to absolve, acquit
    Synonyms: exonerō, absolvō, probō
    Antonyms: coarguō, comperiō

#### Conjugation

$^1$At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). $^2$The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested. $^3$At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

#### Derived terms

* līberāmentum
* līberātiō
* līberātor
* līberātrīx
* līberātus

#### Related terms

* līber
* līberālis
* līberālitās
* līberāliter
* līberē
* līberī
* libērta
* lībērtās
* lībērtīnus
* lībērtō
* lībērtus

#### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: liverare, livrare
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: lliurar
** Occitan: liurar
** Old French: livrer
*** French: livrer
*** → Middle English: lyveren
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: llibrar
** Old Galician-Portuguese: livrar
*** Galician: librar
*** Portuguese: livrar
** Spanish: librar
* Borrowings:
** → Asturian: liberar
** → English: liberate
** → French: libérer
*** → Romanian: libera
** → Galician: liberar
** → Italian: liberare
** → Occitan: liberar
** → Piedmontese: liberé
** → Portuguese: liberar
** → Spanish: liberar
** → Venetan: łibarar

### Noun

līberō
* dative/ablative singular of līber

## Lithuanian
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

libero
* genitive singular of liberas (“Liberian”)

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛɾu

### Verb

libero
* first-person singular present indicative of liberar

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian libero.

### Noun

libero m (plural libero)
* (soccer) sweeper

#### Declension
### References

* libero in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liˈbeɾo/ [liˈβ̞e.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: li‧be‧ro

### Verb

libero
* first-person singular present indicative of liberar