# 茅

| 茅 | U+8305, &#33541; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8305 |
| ← 茄 [U+8304] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 茆 → [U+8306] |

## Translingual
### Han character

茅 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿弓戈竹 (TNIH), four-corner 4422$_2$, composition ⿱艹矛)

#### Derived characters

* 鶜 𡹰 𦽰 𧍟 𧓿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1026, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30836
* Dae Jaweon: page 1485, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3199, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8305

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 堥 | *muː, *mu |
| 蓩 | *muːʔ, *moːɡ |
| 猱 | *ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us |
| 茅 | *mruː |
| 罞 | *mruː, *muːŋ |
| 蝥 | *mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs |
| 鶜 | *mruː |
| 瞀 | *moːɡs, *mroːɡ |
| 愗 | *moːɡs |
| 袤 | *mus |
| 雺 | *mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs |
| 懋 | *mus |
| 楙 | *mus |
| 矛 | *mu |
| 蟊 | *mu |
| 髳 | *mu, *muːŋ |
| 鍪 | *mu |
| 鞪 | *mu, *moːɡ |
| 糅 | *ml'us |
| 腬 | *ml'us, *mlju |
| 柔 | *mlju |
| 揉 | *mju |
| 蹂 | *mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus |
| 鍒 | *mju |
| 騥 | *mju |
| 蝚 | *mju |
| 葇 | *mju, *mjuʔ |
| 鞣 | *mju, *mjus |
| 鰇 | *mju |
| 瑈 | *mju |
| 鶔 | *mju |
| 楺 | *mjuʔ |
| 煣 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
| 輮 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
| 韖 | *mjuʔ |
| 敄 | *moʔ, *mos |
| 務 | *moɡs |
| 鶩 | *moɡs, *moːɡ |
| 騖 | *moɡs |
| 婺 | *moɡs |
| 霚 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
| 嵍 | *moɡs |
| 霧 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
| 霿 | *moːŋ, *moːŋs |
| 楘 | *moːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mruː): semantic 艹 (“plant”) + phonetic 矛 (OC *mu).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): máo (mao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maau$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): mau$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): màu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): mau$^2$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bao$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bâu / mâu / hm̂
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mao$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$mau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: máo
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: máo
*** Wade–Giles: mao$^2$
*** Yale: máu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mau
*** Palladius: мао (mao)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maau$^4$
*** Yale: màauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːu̯²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: mau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mau³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: màu
*** Hakka Romanization System: mau$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /mau̯¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: mau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /mau¹¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bao$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pau¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bâu
*** Tâi-lô: bâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: baau
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mâu
*** Tâi-lô: mâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: maau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /mãu²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /mãu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /mãu²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hm̂
*** Tâi-lô: hm̂
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hmm
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hm̩¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hm̩²³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /hm̩²⁴/
* bâu/mâu - literary;
* hm̂ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: maew
Rime :
| Character | 茅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 莫交切 |
| Baxter | maew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /maɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /mau/ |
| Wang Li | /mau/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | máo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | maau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mˤru/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mruː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 茅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | máo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mæw › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.mˁru/ |
| English | kind of grass; "thatch" |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 茅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8803 |
| Phonetic component | 矛 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 茅 |
| Old Chinese | /*mruː/ |

### Definitions

茅
* cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) (often used as thatch)
* (obsolete, metonymically) thatched cottage
* (obsolete, figurative) Tao
    See also: 茅山
* (obsolete) clear
* (obsolete) to become damaged
* (Cantonese, derogatory) not abiding by the rules; cheaty
       wai$^3$, nei$^5$ gam$^3$ maau$^4$ dou$^1$ dak$^1$ ge$^2$? [Jyutping]
       Hey! How could you cheat like that?
    茅招 [Cantonese] ― maau$^4$ ziu$^1$ [Jyutping] ― dishonest tricks
       daa$^2$ maau$^4$ bo$^1$ [Jyutping]
       to violate rules when playing ball games / to use dishonest tricks (by extension)
* Alternative form of 旄 (máo)
* (historical) An ancient state in modern Shandong
* a surname
    茅于軾／茅于轼 ― Máo Yúshì ― Mao Yushi

#### Synonyms

* (cogon grass):
* 白茅 (báimáo)
* 茅仔草 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 茅根 (máogēn)
* 茅草 (máocǎo)
* 茅針 / 茅针 (máozhēn)

### Compounds

* 三茅
* 三茅山
* 三顧茅廬 / 三顾茅庐 (sāngùmáolú)
* 仙茅 (xiānmáo)
* 分茅 (fēnmáo)
* 分茅胙土
* 分茅裂土
* 列土分茅
* 初出茅廬 / 初出茅庐 (chūchūmáolú)
* 前茅
* 包茅
* 名列前茅 (mínglièqiánmáo)
* 土階茅屋 / 土阶茅屋
* 土階茅茨 / 土阶茅茨
* 大茅埔
* 奸茅
* 打茅波
* 拔茅連茹 / 拔茅连茹
* 朴資茅斯
* 杜茅柴
* 發茅 / 发茅
* 白茅 (báimáo)
* 竹籬茅舍 / 竹篱茅舍
* 結茅 / 结茅
* 羊茅 (yángmáo)
* 茅土
* 茅坑 (máokēng)
* 茅坪 (Máopíng)
* 茅坪場 / 茅坪场 (Máopíngchǎng)
* 茅塔 (Máotǎ)
* 茅塞
* 茅塞頓開 / 茅塞顿开 (máosèdùnkāi)
* 茅室土階 / 茅室土阶
* 茅屋 (máowū)
* 茅山 (Máo Shān)
* 茅山道士
* 茅山道法
* 茅店
* 茅廁 / 茅厕
* 茅廁坑 / 茅厕坑
* 茅廁的磚 / 茅厕的砖
* 茅廁磚頭 / 茅厕砖头
* 茅廬 / 茅庐 (máolú)
* 茅廬三顧 / 茅庐三顾
* 茅房 (máofáng)
* 茅柴
* 茅柴酒
* 茅椽蓬牖
* 茅池
* 茅田 (Máotián)
* 茅社
* 茅箭 (Máojiàn)
* 茅簷 / 茅檐
* 茅簷土壁 / 茅檐土壁
* 茅紙 / 茅纸
* 茅膏菜
* 茅臺 / 茅台 (Máotái)
* 茅臺酒 / 茅台酒 (Máotáijiǔ)
* 茅舍 (máoshè)
* 茅苫
* 苞茅
* 苞茅不貢 / 苞茅不贡
* 茅草 (máocǎo)
* 茅茨
* 茅茹
* 茅茨不剪
* 茅茨土階 / 茅茨土阶
* 茅草棚
* 茅莓
* 茅蒲
* 茅蛇 (máoshé)
* 茅蜩
* 茅躉 / 茅趸
* 茅針 / 茅针 (máozhēn)
* 茅黍
* 草茅
* 草茅之臣
* 菁茅
* 蓬茅
* 藑茅 (qióngmáo)
* 衡茅
* 裂土分茅
* 誅茅 / 诛茅
* 頓開茅塞 / 顿开茅塞
* 香茅 (xiāngmáo)
* 黃茅瘴 / 黄茅瘴

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* thatch

#### Readings

* Go-on: みょう (myō)
* Kan-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kun: かや (kaya, 茅)、ち (chi, 茅)、ちがや (chigaya, 茅)

#### Compounds

* 茅花(つばな) (tsubana)
* 茅蜩(ひぐらし) (higurashi), 茅蜩(ぼうちょう) (bōchō): evening cicada (Tanna japonensis)
* 茅根(ぼうこん) (bōkon)
* 茅茨(ぼうし) (bōshi)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 茅
* ちがや Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 茅萱、白茅

#### Noun

茅(ちがや) or 茅(チガヤ) • (chigaya)
* cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica)

##### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 茅
* かや Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 萱

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かや [káꜜyà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠ja̠]

#### Noun

茅(かや) • (kaya)
* general term for grasses and sedges used for thatching

##### Derived terms

* 茅葺(かやぶ)き (kayabuki)

## Korean
### Hanja

茅 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo, Yale mo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

茅: Hán Nôm readings: mao
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.