# हा
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɦɑː/, [ɦäː]

### Etymology 1

Of onomatopoeic origin.

#### Interjection

हा • (hā)
* an expression of amusement

### Derived terms

* हाहा (hāhā)
* हाहा-ठीठी (hāhā-ṭhīṭhī)
* हाहा-हीही (hāhā-hīhī)
* हाहा-हूहू (hāhā-hūhū)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀳𑀸 (hā), from Sanskrit हा (hā), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin.

#### Interjection

हा • (hā)
* an exclamation of distress, affliction or fear; alas

#### Noun

हा • (hā) m
* sound of distress, affliction, or fear
* uproar, tumult

##### Declension
### Derived terms

* हा करना (hā karnā)
* हा खाना (hā khānā)
* हाहा (hāhā)
* हाहाकार (hāhākār)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian ـها (-hā).

#### Suffix

हा • (hā)
* (poetic) plural marker (used chiefly in ezafe-constructs)
** Brij Narayan Chakbast, रामायण का एक सीन:जुंबिश हुई लबों को भरी एक सर्द आह ली गोशा-हा-ए-चश्म से अश्कों ने रुख़ की राहjumbiś huī labõ ko bharī ek sard āh lī gośā-hā-e-caśma se aśkõ ne rux kī rāhHeaved a cold sigh unto the lips put into motion Tears took the way to face from the corners of eyes.

### References

* ↑ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “हा”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “हा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “हा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦa/
* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

हा • (hā)
* he (proximal)
    हा सुरेश.hā sureś.He (proximal) is Suresh.
* this
    हा खोका खूप मोठा आहे.hā khokā khūp moṭhā āhe.This box is very big.

#### See also

* तो (to, “he; that”)
* हे (he, “it (proximal); this”), ही (hī, “she (proximal); this”).

## Newar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ha]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

हा • (hā) ? (Newa Spelling 𑐴𑐵)
* bee

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

हा • (hā) ? (Newa Spelling 𑐴𑐵)
* root of a plant, tree, etc.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* হা (Assamese script)
* ᬳᬵ (Balinese script)
* হা (Bengali script)
* 𑰮𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀳𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* ဟာ (Burmese script)
* હા (Gujarati script)
* ਹਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌹𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦲꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂯𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಹಾ (Kannada script)
* ហា (Khmer script)
* ຫາ (Lao script)
* ഹാ (Malayalam script)
* ᡥᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘮𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᠾᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧎𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐴𑐵 (Newa script)
* ହା (Odia script)
* ꢲꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆲𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖮𑖯 (Siddham script)
* හා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪂𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚩𑚭 (Takri script)
* ஹா (Tamil script)
* హా (Telugu script)
* หา (Thai script)
* ཧཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒯𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨱𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɦɑː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɦɑː/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰaH-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave, abandon”). This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one below, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

#### Root

हा • (hā)
* to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish
* to discharge, emit.
* to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from.
* to disregard, neglect.
* to lose, be deprived of.
* to get rid of. escape from.
* to cause to emit (with शर्धम्, ‘to cause to break wind’)

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* जहाति (jáhāti, Present)
* हास्यति (hāsyáti, Future)
* जहिष्यति (jahiṣyati, Future)
* हाता (hātā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अहासीत् (áhāsīt, Aorist)
* हेयात् (heyāt, Benedictive)
* जहौ (jaháu, Perfect)

###### Secondary Forms

* हीयते (hīyáte, Passive)
* अहायि (áhāyi, Passive Aorist)
* हापयति (hāpáyati, Causative)
* अजीहपत् (ájīhapat, Causative Aorist)
* जिहासति (jihāsati, Desiderative)
* जेहीयते (jehīyate, Intensive)
* जाहाति (jāhāti, Intensive)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* हीन (hīná, Past Participle)
* हात (hāta, Past Participle)
* जहित (jahitá, Past Participle)
* हातुम् (hātum, Infinitive)
* हित्वा (hitvā́, Gerund)
* हित्वी (hitvī́, Gerund)
* हित्वाय (hitvā́ya, Gerund)
* हेय (heya, Gerundive)
* हातव्य (hātavya, Gerundive)
* जिहासु (jihāsu, Desiderative Participle)

###### Derived Nominal Forms

* हायक (hāyaka)
* हायिन् (hāyin)
* हान (hāna)
* हानि (hāni)
* हापन (hāpana)
* जिहासा (jihāsā)
* जहक (jahaka)
* जहाक (jáhāka)
* जहन (jahana)
* -ह (-ha)

###### Prefixed Root Forms

* अपहा (apahā)
* अवहा (avahā)
* परिहा (parihā)
* प्रहा (prahā)
* विहा (vihā)
* संहा (saṃhā)

### Etymology 2

From the middle voice of the same Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰeh₁- as the root above. This root is not always easily distinguishable from the one above, and some derived terms of that root are perhaps originally derived from this one.

#### Root

हा • (hā)
* to start or spring forward, bound away, give way to [with dative]
* to spring or leap upon
* to go or depart or betake one's self to have recourse to [with accusative]
* to fall or come into any state

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* जिहीते (jíhīte, Present)
* हास्यते (hāsyáte, Future)
* हाता (hātā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अहास्त (áhāsta, Aorist)
* जहे (jahé, Perfect)

###### Secondary Forms

* हायते (hāyáte, Passive)
* अहायि (áhāyi, Passive)
* हापयति (hāpáyati, Causative)
* अजीहपत् (ájīhapat, Causative)
* जिहीषते (jihīṣate, Desiderative)
* जाहायते (jāhāyate, Intensive)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* हान (hāná, Past Participle)
* हातुम् (hā́tum, Infinitive)
* हात्वा (hātvā́, Gerund)

### Etymology 3

Onomatopoeic.

#### Interjection

हा • (hā)
* oh, alas

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “HĀ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 813-4

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “हा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1296/1-2.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 204
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “hā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 172-173
* Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024) Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²‎, page 25