# 壹

| 壹 | U+58F9, &#22777; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58F9 |
| ← 壸 [U+58F8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 壺 → [U+58FA] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 壱 |
| Simplified | 壹 |
| Traditional | 壹 |

### Han character

壹 (Kangxi radical 33, 士+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土月一廿 (GBMT), four-corner 4010$_8$, composition ⿳士冖豆)

#### Derived characters

* 𠍼, 噎, 㙪, 嬄, 㦉, 撎, 潱, 𤡬, 曀, 𪳮, 殪, 𤏈, 𦠉, 𪾼, 䊦, 𧬇(𬤞), 豷, 𧴒, 𮚢, 𬬅, 𮧑, 饐(𮩞), 𩻭, 𪆖, 𡬗
* 亄, 𰄿, 𭕀, 㱅, 𧯸, 皼, 𭐚, 㦤, 𡄻, 𡤜, 𫯈, 懿, 𭐛, 𪤴, 𮙙, 鷧(𱊦), 𧰝, 𧹌, 𭅮, 𨶮(𨸌), 𪭁, 𫻢, 𢦁, 𢦆

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 243, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5661
* Dae Jaweon: page 483, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 467, character 10
* Unihan data for U+58F9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 壹 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 曀 | *qiːɡs |
| 殪 | *qiːɡs |
| 豷 | *qiːɡs, *qʰʷriɡs |
| 懿 | *qriɡs |
| 饐 | *qriɡs |
| 鷧 | *qriɡs |
| 撎 | *qriɡs |
| 亄 | *qriɡs, *qriɡ |
| 噎 | *qiːɡ |
| 壹 | *qlid |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qlid): semantic 壺 + phonetic 吉 (OC *klid). (Shuowen)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yī (yi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jat$^1$ / jik$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chi̍t / it
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$iq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yī
*** Zhuyin: ㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yi
*** Wade–Giles: i$^1$
*** Yale: yī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jat$^1$ / jik$^1$
*** Yale: yāt / yīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jat$^7$ / jik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yed$^1$ / yig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐt̚⁵/, /jɪk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍t / it
*** Tâi-lô: tsi̍t / it
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cit, id
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚⁴/, /it̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚²⁴/, /it̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚¹²¹/, /it̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sit̚⁴/, /it̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚⁴/, /it̚³²/
* chi̍t - colloquial;
* it - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'jit
Rime :
| Character | 壹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於悉切 |
| Baxter | 'jit |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔjet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔi[t]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qlid/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 壹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjit › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔi[t]/ |
| English | one |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 壹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14852 |
| Phonetic component | 壹 |
| Rime group | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 一 |
| Old Chinese | /*qlid/ |
| Notes | 說文吉聲實懿省文加吉聲 |

### Definitions

壹
* (Classical) faithful; committed
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Yǐ chéng bù yī. [Pinyin]
    To punish those not loyal.
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Jū shēn jiǎn ér yòng xīn yī. [Pinyin]
    [He] lives [his] body in frugality and uses [his] heart committedly.
* (financial) one, variant of 一
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yī fā wǔ bā. [Pinyin]
    One shot, five sows.

### Compounds

* 不壹
* 壹岐 (Yīqí)
* 壹鬱 / 壹郁
* 民心不壹
* 禮先壹飯 / 礼先壹饭
* 莫衷壹是
* 誠壹 / 诚壹

### See also

Chinese numbers :
| | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 10$^2$ | 10$^3$ | 10$^4$ | 10$^6$ | 10$^8$ | 10$^{12}$ |
| Normal (小寫 / 小写) | 〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩 / 两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) | 百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) | 億 / 亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China) |
| Financial (大寫 / 大写) | 零 | 壹 | 貳 / 贰 | 參 / 叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸 / 陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | 萬 / 万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) | 百萬 / 百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) | 億 / 亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China) |

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00834
* “壹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “壹”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 壱 |
| Kyūjitai | 壹 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 壱)
* Kyūjitai form of 壱 (number one)

#### Readings

* Go-on: いち (ichi)
* Kan-on: いつ (itsu)
* Kun: ひとつ (hitotsu, 壹つ)
* Nanori: い (i)

### See also

v • d • eJapanese numbers :
| Number | Kanji | Kana | Romaji |
| 0 | 零 | れい、ゼロ | rei, zero |
| 1 | 一、壱、弌、壹 | いち | ichi |
| 2 | 二、弐、貳、貮 | に | ni |
| 3 | 三、参 | さん | san |
| 4 | 四、肆 | よん、し | yon, shi |
| 5 | 五、伍 | ご | go |
| 6 | 六、陸 | ろく | roku |
| 7 | 七、漆 | なな、しち | nana, shichi |
| 8 | 八、捌 | はち | hachi |
| 9 | 九、玖 | きゅう、く | kyū, ku |
| 10 | 十、拾 | じゅう | jū |
| 100 | 百、陌、佰 | ひゃく | hyaku |
| 1,000 | 千、阡、仟 | せん | sen |
| 10,000 | 一万、一萬 | いちまん | ichiman |
| 100,000,000 | 一億 | いちおく | ichioku |

## Korean
### Hanja

壹 (eumhun 한 일 (han il))
* one

## Vietnamese
### Han character

壹: Hán Nôm readings: nhất, nhứt
* one