# eta
## English
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta).

#### Pronunciation

* (UK, Commonwealth) enPR: ēʹtə, IPA: /ˈiːtə/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) enPR: āʹtə, IPA: /ˈeɪtə/
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːtə, -eɪtə

#### Noun

eta (plural etas)
* The seventh letter of the Modern Greek alphabet, the eighth in Old Greek.
** 2022, R. F. Kuang, Babel, HarperVoyager, page 25:Greek was an exercise in making the familiar strange. Its alphabet mapped onto the Roman alphabet, but only partly so, and often letters did not sound how they looked — a rho (Ρ) was not a P, and an eta (Η) was not an H.
* (physics) A kind of electrically neutral meson having zero spin and isospin.

##### Derived terms

* Dirichlet eta function
* eta conversion
* eta meson
* eta prime
* eta reduction

##### Related terms

* heta

##### See also

* (Greek-script letter names) alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, eta, theta, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, nu, xi, omicron, pi, rho, sigma, tau, upsilon, phi, chi, psi, omega

### Etymology 2

From Japanese 穢多 (“full of filth”) (literal translation, now considered derogatory in Japan).

#### Pronunciation

** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* enPR: āʹtə, IPA: /ˈeɪtə/

#### Noun

eta (plural etas or eta)
* A social outcast in Japan who is subjected to menial work, making up a class or caste of such people.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

eta (plural etas)
* Alternative form of ita (“kind of palm tree”)

### Anagrams

* æt., -ate, eat, Tea, AET, aet, tea, a.e.t., aet., TEA, ate, Até, Atë

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eta/ [e.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -eta, -a
* Hyphenation: e‧ta

### Etymology 1

Unknown, perhaps from Latin et (“and”). Unrelated to the suffix -eta.

#### Alternative forms

* ta (see usage notes)

#### Conjunction

eta
* and
    katuak eta txakurrak ― cats and dogs
* (mathematics) plus, and
    bat eta bat bi dira ― one plus one is two
* upon, after
    Hotelera ailegatu eta igerilekura joan ziren. ― They went to the swimming pool just after arriving at the hotel.
* (Southern) since, because
    Ezin dut kakaueterik jan, alergikoa naiz eta. ― I can't eat peanuts because I'm allergic

##### Usage notes

In the spoken language, the form ta is often used, specially (but not exclusively) after words ending in vowels. In formal, written language, eta is the only standard form.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

eta inan
* eta (Greek letter)

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ “eta” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

### Further reading

* “eta”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “eta”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Basque-Icelandic Pidgin
### Etymology

Inherited from Basque eta.

### Conjunction

eta
* and

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈɛ.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈe.ta]

### Noun

eta f (plural etes)
* eta; the Greek letter Η (lowercase η)

## Esperanto
### Etymology

See -et-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈeta]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -eta
* Hyphenation: e‧ta

### Adjective

eta (accusative singular etan, plural etaj, accusative plural etajn)
* tiny, little, minuscule, slight (see -et-)
    Antonyms: ega, grandega
    Se ĉi tio domo estas fakte domego, ĝi estas la plej eta domego, kiun mi jam vidis!If that house is in fact a mansion, it is the tiniest mansion I ever saw!
    Etaj manoj povas fari egajn malordojn.Little hands can make huge messes.
    Vere, la primo estas eta honoro, sed Mikaelo ege fieras pri ĝi.True, the award is a small honor, but Michael is immensely proud of it.
    Ŝia parto en la teatraĵo ne estas nur malgranda rolo, ĝi estas eta rolo sen sola vorto de dialogo.Her part in the play is not only a small role, it is a minuscule role without a single word of dialog.
    Mi havas nur etan kapdoloron.I only have a slight headache.

#### Usage notes

Usually smaller than malgranda (“small”), more synonymous to malgrandega (“tiny”) or tre malgranda (“very small”).

#### Derived terms

* etanima (“petty”)
* ete (“slightly”)

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeːʰta/
* Rhymes: -eːʰta

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse eta, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-.

#### Verb

eta (third person singular past indicative át, third person plural past indicative ótu, supine etið)
* to eat

##### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

### Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta).

#### Noun

eta n (genitive singular eta, plural etu)
* eta (letter of the Greek alphabet)

##### Declension
## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French état/État, from Old French estat, from Latin status.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eta/

### Noun

eta
* state (condition)
    eta matyè ― state of matter
* state (polity)

#### Related terms

* Etazini
* Ozetazini

## Icelandic
### Alternative forms

* éta

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛːta/
* Rhymes: -ɛːta

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse eta, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-.

#### Verb

eta (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative át, third-person plural past indicative átu, supine etið)
* to eat

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta).

#### Noun

eta f (genitive singular etu, nominative plural etur) or eta n (genitive singular eta, nominative plural etu)
* eta (letter of the Greek alphabet)

##### Declension
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin ēta, from Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta), later form of ἧτα (hêta), from Phoenician 𐤇 (ḥ /⁠ḥēt⁠/), whence also heth.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.ta/
* Rhymes: -ɛta
* Hyphenation: è‧ta

### Noun

eta m or f (invariable)
* eta (Greek letter)

### Further reading

* eta in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* -ate

## Japanese
### Romanization

eta
* Rōmaji transcription of えた

## Laboya
### Verb

eta
* to see

### References

* Rina, A. Dj., Kabba, John Lado B. (2011) “eta”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 17

## Manggarai
### Etymology

From *leta, akin to Tetum leten.

### Adverb

eta
* above

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* ete (e-infinitive)
* åtå (dialectal)

### Etymology

From Old Norse eta, from Proto-Germanic *etaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Akin to English eat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²eːtɑ/

### Verb

eta (present tense et, past tense åt, past participle ete, passive infinitive etast, present participle etande, imperative et)
* to eat
    Dei åt for mykje.They ate too much.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Rare today. $^2$ Unofficial today.

#### Derived terms

* etande

#### Related terms

* -æt

### References

* “eta” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Ojibwe
### Adverb

eta
* only, just
    Bezhig eta ogii-ni-maajiinaan ini akikoon awe naadaabowed.The person going after water only took one pail.

#### Related terms

* giineta
* giinetawaa
* giinetawind
* niineta
* niinetawind
* wiineta
* wiinetawaa

### References

* The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/eta-adv-deg

## Old Norse
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *etǭ.

#### Alternative forms

* jata

#### Noun

eta f (genitive etu)
* crib, manger
* (plural only) cancer

##### Descendants

* Norwegian Nynorsk: ete

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *etaną, akin to Old English etan ( > English eat), Old Saxon etan, Old High German ezzan (> German essen), Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Non-Germanic cognates include Latin edō, Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō), Lithuanian ėsti, Latvian ēst, Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti) (whence Bulgarian ям (jam)), Russian е́сть (jéstʹ), Sanskrit अत्ति (átti), Old Armenian ուտեմ (utem), Hittite 𒂊𒀉𒈪 (e-id-mi).

#### Verb

eta (singular past indicative át, plural past indicative átu, past participle etinn)
* to eat

##### Descendants

* Icelandic: eta, éta
* Faroese: eta
* Norwegian Nynorsk: eta, ete; (dialectal) ita, åtå, øtå
* Elfdalian: jätå
* Old Swedish: æta
** Swedish: äta
* Old Danish: ætæ
** Danish: æde
*** Norwegian Bokmål: ete
** Scanian: æda
* Gutnish: äte, jite, jeta

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “eta”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Ottawa
### Adverb

eta
* only, just

### References

Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001) Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 145

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀏𑀢 (Brahmi script)
* एत (Devanagari script)
* এত (Bengali script)
* එත (Sinhalese script)
* ဧတ or ဨတ or ဢေတ (Burmese script)
* เอต or เอตะ (Thai script)
* ᩑᨲ (Tai Tham script)
* ເອຕ or ເອຕະ (Lao script)
* ឯត (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄬𑄖 (Chakma script)
* esa (Latin script)
* 𑀏𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* एस (Devanagari script)
* এস (Bengali script)
* එස (Sinhalese script)
* ဧသ or ဨသ or ဢေသ (Burmese script)
* เอส or เอสะ (Thai script)
* ᩑᩈ (Tai Tham script)
* ເອສ or ເອສະ (Lao script)
* ឯស (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄬𑄥 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit एतद् (etad).

### Adjective

eta
* this
** c. 50 BC, The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi), Yamakavagga, page 26; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya‎, Colombo, 2009:5. න හි වෙරෙන වෙරාචී සම‍්මන‍්තීධ කුදාචනං 5 අඞවරෙන ච සම‍්මන‍්ති එස ධම‍්මො සනන‍්තනො.5. Na hi verena verāni sammantīdha kudācanaṃ 5 Averena ca sammanti esa dhammo sanantano.5. For in this world hatreds are not ever settled by hatred, but are settled by love. This is an eternal truth.(literally, “5. For in this world hatreds are not ever settled by hatred, but are settled by love. This truth is eternal.”)(Wiktionary translation adapted from translation of the Pali by Ajahn Sujato.)

#### Usage notes

The case form etad is only used before vowels and as the prefixed combining form.

#### Derived terms

* (pronoun) etā

### Pronoun

eta m
* this one

#### Declension
### Pronoun

eta n
* this one

#### Usage notes

The case form etad is only used before vowels and as the prefixed combining form.

#### Declension
### References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “etad”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἦτα (êta), from Phoenician 𐤇 (ḥ‬ /⁠ḥēt⁠/).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛta
* Syllabification: e‧ta

### Noun

eta f
* eta (Greek letter Η, η)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* eta in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* eita (Brazil)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈe.tɐ/
* Rhymes: -etɐ
* Hyphenation: e‧ta

### Interjection

eta
* expresses surprise

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin aetas.

### Noun

eta f (uncountable)
* (obsolete) age

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Please edit the entry and supply |def= and |pl= parameters to the {{ro-noun-f}} template.

### References

* eta in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

## Sotho
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gèndia, causative form of Proto-Bantu *-gènda.

### Verb

eta
* to walk
* to go

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeta/ [ˈe.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -eta
* Syllabification: e‧ta

### Noun

eta f (plural etas)
* eta; the Greek letter Η, η

### Further reading

* “eta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tswana
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-gènda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.ta/

### Verb

eta
* to go
* to visit

## Ye'kwana
### Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *ôta (“to hear”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [eta]

### Verb

eta
* (transitive) to hear, to listen

#### Derived terms

* ööta

### References

* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “eta”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon
* Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, pages 216, 219, 315, 389: “[eta:dï] 'to hear' […] eta:dü 'to hear' […] -eta- 'hear' […] eta:dü - to hear”