# 艫

| 艫 | U+826B, &#33387; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-826B |
| ← 艪 [U+826A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 艬 → [U+826C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

艫 (Kangxi radical 137, 舟+16, 22 strokes, cangjie input 竹卜卜心廿 (HYYPT), four-corner 2141$_7$, composition ⿰舟盧)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1013, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30582
* Dae Jaweon: page 1472, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3069, character 21
* Unihan data for U+826B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 唬 | *qʰraːs, *kʷraːɡ |
| 戲 | *qʰral, *qʰrals, *qʰaː |
| 巇 | *qʰra |
| 隵 | *qʰra |
| 嚱 | *qʰras |
| 盧 | *b·raː |
| 鑪 | *raː |
| 壚 | *raː |
| 籚 | *raː |
| 蘆 | *raː, *ra |
| 顱 | *b·raː |
| 髗 | *b·raː |
| 鱸 | *raː |
| 攎 | *raː |
| 櫨 | *raː |
| 轤 | *raː |
| 黸 | *raː |
| 獹 | *raː |
| 鸕 | *raː |
| 艫 | *raː |
| 纑 | *raː |
| 瀘 | *raː |
| 瓐 | *raː |
| 爐 | *raː |
| 嚧 | *raː |
| 矑 | *b·raː |
| 罏 | *raː |
| 蠦 | *raː |
| 虜 | *raːʔ |
| 擄 | *raːʔ |
| 艣 | *raːʔ |
| 鐪 | *raːʔ |
| 虖 | *qʰaː, *qʰʷa, *qʰaː, *qʰʷa |
| 虍 | *qʰaː |
| 雐 | *qʰʷlaː |
| 虎 | *qʰlaːʔ |
| 琥 | *qʰlaːʔ |
| 萀 | *qʰlaːʔ |
| 臚 | *b·ra |
| 廬 | *ra |
| 驢 | *b·ra |
| 藘 | *ra |
| 爈 | *ra, *ras |
| 櫖 | *ra, *ras |
| 儢 | *raʔ |
| 慮 | *ras |
| 勴 | *ras |
| 鑢 | *ras |
| 濾 | *ras |
| 攄 | *r̥ʰa |
| 處 | *kʰljaʔ, *kʰljas |
| 豦 | *kas, *ɡa |
| 據 | *kas |
| 鐻 | *kas, *ɡa, *ɡaʔ |
| 澽 | *kas, *ɡas |
| 虛 | *kʰa, *qʰa |
| 墟 | *kʰa |
| 懅 | *ɡa |
| 蘧 | *ɡa, *ɡʷa |
| 籧 | *ɡa |
| 醵 | *ɡa, *ɡas, *ɡaɡ |
| 璩 | *ɡa |
| 虡 | *ɡaʔ |
| 遽 | *ɡas |
| 勮 | *ɡas |
| 噓 | *qʰa, *qʰas |
| 驉 | *qʰa |
| 歔 | *qʰa |
| 魖 | *qʰa |
| 膚 | *pla |
| 虧 | *kʰʷral |
| 噱 | *ɡaɡ |
| 臄 | *ɡaɡ |
| 劇 | *ɡaɡ |
| 諕 | *qʰʷraːɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lú (lu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lou$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lú
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lú
*** Wade–Giles: lu$^2$
*** Yale: lú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lu
*** Palladius: лу (lu)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lou$^4$
*** Yale: lòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lou̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: lu
Rime :
| Character | 艫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 落胡切 |
| Baxter | lu |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lo/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /lo/ |
| Wang Li | /lu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 艫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5213 |
| Phonetic component | 虍 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 盧 |
| Old Chinese | /*raː/ |

### Definitions

艫
* bow
* stern
* (by extension) ship

#### Compounds

* 舳艫 / 舳舻 (zhúlú)
* 舳艫千里
* 舳艫啣接 / 舳舻衔接
* 舳艫相繼 / 舳舻相继
* 軸艫千里 / 轴舻千里

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* a prow
* a stern

#### Readings

* Go-on: る (ru)
* Kan-on: ろ (ro)
* Kun: とも (tomo, 艫)、へさき (hesaki, 艫)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 艫
* とも Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 舳
⟨to₂mo⟩ → */təm{o,ə}/ → /tomo/
From Old Japanese; attested in the Man'yōshū (c. 759).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とも [tóꜜmò] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) とも [tòmóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [to̞mo̞]
* (Kyoto) と​も [tómò] (Kōki)
* (Kagoshima) と​も [tómò] (type A)
* (Kagoshima) とも​ [tòmóꜜ] (type B)
* Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
   * (the Heian period) LL
   * (the Edo period) HL
    ※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌). ※ References:

#### Noun

艫(とも) • (tomo)
* (nautical) the stern of a boat
    Synonyms: 船尾 (senbi), 艫 (ro)

#### Derived terms

* 艫座(ともざ) (tomoza)
* 逆艫(さかども) (sakadomo)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 艫
* ろ Hyōgai
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 艫 (MC lu).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ろ [rò] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾo̞]
* (Kyoto) ろ [ró] (Kōki – [0])
* (Kagoshima) ろ​ぉ [rô] (type A)

#### Noun

艫(ろ) • (ro)
* the stern of a boat
    Synonyms: 船尾 (senbi), 艫 (tomo)
* the prow of a boat
    Synonyms: 船首 (senshu), 舳先 (hesaki)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 艫
* へさき Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* For pronunciation and definitions of 艫 – see the following entry: へさき
(The following entry does not have a page created for it yet: へさき.)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 “とも 【艫・舳】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* ↑ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, page 504
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Hirayama, Teruo (平山 照男), Ōshima Ichirō (大島 一郎), Ōno Masao (大野 眞男), Kuno Makoto (久野 眞), Kuno Mariko (久野 マリ子), Sugimura Takao (杉村 孝夫) (1992-1994) 現代日本語方言大辞典 [Dictionary of Japanese Dialects], volume 4, Tokyo: Meiji Shoin (明治書院), page 3561
* ↑ “ろ 【艫】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean
### Hanja

艫 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

艫: Hán Nôm readings: lỗ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.