# лист
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [list]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic листъ (listŭ), from Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

#### Noun

лист • (list) m (relational adjective ли́стен or ли́стов, diminutive ли́стче)
* leaf
* sheet
    лист хартия ― list hartija ― a sheet of paper

##### Declension

$^1$Poetic. $^2$Dialectal. $^3$Archaic or rare.

##### Alternative forms

* листо́ n (listó)

##### Derived terms

* листа́т (listát), листя́в (listjáv, “having large leaves”)
* ли́стник m (lístnik), ли́стница f (lístnica) (instrumental nouns)
** седмолистник (sedmolistnik) (type of plant)
** трилистник (trilistnik, “trefoil”)
** четирилистник (četirilistnik, “quatrofoil”)
* листо- (listo-) (in compounds)
** листови́ден (listovíden, “foliate”)
** листого́н (listogón, “end of autumn”) (obsolete)
** листоки́тен (listokíten, “full of leaves, densely foliated”)
** листообра́зен (listoobrázen, “shaped like a leaf”)
** листопа́д (listopád, “fall of leaves”)
** листоподо́бен (listopodóben, “leaf-like”)
** листоя́д (listojád, “leaf-eater”)
* листо́вка (listóvka, “leaflet”)
* ли́стък (lístǎk), листе́ц (listéc, “single leaf”)
* листя́ (listjá, “to foliate”), ли́ствам се (lístvam se, “to grow leaves”) (of plants)

#### References

* “лист”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “лист”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Nayden Gerov (1899) “листъ, ли́стѥ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 15
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лист”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 424
* “листъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French liste.

#### Noun

лист • (list) m
* list, register (a stack of entries)
    лист с поку́пки ― list s pokúpki ― shopping list (literally, “a list with purchase products”)

##### Alternative forms

* ли́ста f (lísta) — borrowed from Italian

##### Derived terms

* ли́ствам impf (lístvam), ли́стна pf (lístna, “to list”)

#### References

* “лист”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “лист”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Anagrams

* стил (stil)

## Carpathian Rusyn
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

### Noun

лист • (lyst)
* leaf
* sheet

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [list]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ist

### Noun

лист • (list) m (relational adjective листен, diminutive ливче)
* leaf
* sheet
* calf (of leg)
* spades in card games

#### See also

Suits in Macedonian · бо́и (bói) (layout · text) :
| херц (herc), ср́це (sŕce) | ка́ро (káro), ба́клава (báklava), ло́кум (lókum) | пик (pik), лист (list) | треф (tref), дете́лина (detélina) |

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* листъ (list) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lʲist]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ist

### Noun

лист • (list) m inan (genitive листа́, nominative plural ли́стья, genitive plural ли́стьев, relational adjective листово́й, diminutive ли́стик or листо́к or листо́чек) (organ of a plant)
* leaf (flat green organ of a plant)
    дубо́вые ли́стья ― dubóvyje lístʹja ― oak leaves

#### Declension

$^△$Irregular.

#### Derived terms

* крупноли́стный (krupnolístnyj)
* листа́ть (listátʹ)
* листва́ (listvá)
* ли́ственный (lístvennyj)
* листо́вка (listóvka)
* листое́д (listojéd)

### Noun

лист • (list) m inan (genitive листа́, nominative plural листы́, genitive plural листо́в, relational adjective листово́й, diminutive ли́стик or листо́к or листо́чек) (other meanings)
* sheet, leaf of paper or similar
    газе́тные листы́ ― gazétnyje listý ― newspaper pages
* certificate, deed, list
    больни́чный лист ― bolʹníčnyj list ― sick-list

#### Descendants

* Samic:
** → Skolt Sami: listt
** → Kildin Sami: лысст (lysst)
** → Ter Sami: лысст (lïsst)

### References

* Isačenko, A. V. (1954‒1965) Грамматический строй русского языка в сопоставлении с словацким: Морфология: I‒II [Grammatical Structure of the Russian Language in Comparison to Slovak. Morphology. Pr. 1 & 2] (in Russian), Bratislava: Slovak Academy of Sciences; ‎2nd edition, Moscow: Languages of Slavic Сultures, 2003, →ISBN, page 78

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lîːst/

### Noun

ли̑ст m (Latin spelling lȋst)
* leaf
* (computing) leaf
* sheet (of paper or other material manufactured in thin sheets)
* a special purpose certificate (any official document attesting a fact, e.g. of birth, ownership etc.)
* newsletter, newspaper
* (obsolete) letter (written message)
* calf (leg part)
* sole, flatfish (fish species)
* (card games) leaves

#### See also

German suits in Serbo-Croatian · њемачке боје, немачке боје, мађарске боје (layout · text) :
| црвена, срце | бундева, тиква | зелена, зеље, лист | жир |

### Further reading

* “лист”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* “лист”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *listъ (“leaf”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɪst]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

лист • (lyst) m inan (genitive листа́, nominative plural листи́, genitive plural листі́в, diminutive ли́стик)
* leaf
* letter
* sheet

#### Declension
### Noun

лист • (lyst) m inan (genitive ли́сту, uncountable)
* (uncountable, collectively) leaves

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лист”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “лист”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “лист”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)