# 蛤

| 蛤 | U+86E4, &#34532; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86E4 |
| ← 蛣 [U+86E3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蛥 → [U+86E5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蛤 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中戈人一口 (LIOMR), four-corner 5816$_1$, composition ⿰虫合)

#### Derived characters

* 𱔝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1082, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33023
* Dae Jaweon: page 1550, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2850, character 13
* Unihan data for U+86E4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 蛤
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 龕 | *kʰuːm |
| 媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
| 頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
| 答 | *tkuːb |
| 畣 | *tkuːb |
| 荅 | *tkuːb |
| 嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
| 撘 | *tuːb |
| 搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
| 蛤 | *kuːb |
| 鴿 | *kuːb |
| 合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
| 鉿 | *kuːb |
| 閤 | *kuːb |
| 鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 鮯 | *kuːb |
| 哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
| 姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
| 欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
| 盒 | *ɡuːb |
| 耠 | *ɡuːb |
| 詥 | *ɡuːb |
| 塔 | *tʰuːb |
| 鞳 | *tʰoːb |
| 劄 | *rtuːb |
| 跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
| 袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
| 餄 | *kruːb |
| 恰 | *kʰruːb |
| 帢 | *kʰruːb |
| 洽 | *ɡruːb |
| 祫 | *ɡruːb |
| 珨 | *ɡruːb |
| 烚 | *ɡruːb |
| 歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
| 湁 | *tkʰub |
| 拾 | *ɡjub |
| 給 | *krub |
| 翕 | *qʰrub |
| 噏 | *qʰrub |
| 潝 | *qʰrub |
| 熻 | *qʰrub |
| 嬆 | *qʰrub |
| 翖 | *qʰrub |
| 闟 | *qʰrub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kuːb): semantic 虫 + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

### Etymology 1

Cognate with 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to be together”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gé (ge$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gap$^3$ / gaap$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gab$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$keq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gé
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gé
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^2$
*** Yale: gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
*** Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gap$^3$ / gaap$^3$
*** Yale: gap / gaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gap$^8$ / gaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geb$^3$ / gab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐp̚³/, /kaːp̚³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gák
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kap
*** Tâi-lô: kap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kab
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kap̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gab$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kap
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$keq
*** MiniDict: keh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$keq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kəʔ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kop
Rime :
| Character | 蛤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 合 (160) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古沓切 |
| Baxter | kop |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʌp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɒp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kᴀp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kɒp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ge |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kuːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蛤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4953 |
| Phonetic component | 合 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 閤 |
| Old Chinese | /*kuːb/ |

#### Definitions

蛤
* clam

#### Compounds

* 文蛤 (wéngé)
* 泂蛤仔
* 美女蛤 (měinǚ gé)
* 翁蛤
* 花蛤 (huāgé)
* 蛤柱
* 蛤灰
* 蛤粉
* 蛤蚌
* 蛤蚧 (géjiè)
* 蛤蜊 (gélí)
* 蛤蠣 / 蛤蛎
* 蜃蛤
* 雕蚶鏤蛤 / 雕蚶镂蛤

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): há (ha$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^1$ / haa$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ha$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hà
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ha$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): hah$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hà
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): gab$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ho
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ge$^2$ / ga$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: há
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: há
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^2$
*** Yale: há
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: har
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^1$ / haa$^4$
*** Yale: hā / hàh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^1$ / haa$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^1$ / ha$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː⁵⁵/, /haː²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ha$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ha²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hà
*** Hakka Romanization System: ha$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ha$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ha$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ha¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: hah$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xaʔ²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hà
*** Sinological IPA : /ha⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gab$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kap
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ho
*** MiniDict: ho$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ho
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ho³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ge$^2$ / ga$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ̞¹³/, /ka̠¹³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit蛤 (蛤蟆) |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xa³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xɑ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xɛ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xɯ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɕia⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xa⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xə⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ɕia⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xa⁵⁵/ /ɕia⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xa⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xə³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ɕiɑ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xa⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ho³⁴/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ho⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɕiɑ³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɦo³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /kʰa⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɦɒ¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /hɑ²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ha¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /hɑ¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ha⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ha²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ha⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ha³⁵/ /he³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ha⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xa³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ha³¹/ |

#### Definitions

蛤
* Only used in 蛤蟆 (háma); also used as its short form. frog; toad
* (Mainland China, Internet slang) Nickname of Jiang Zemin in Moha culture.
* (Mainland China, Internet slang) Alternative form of 哈 (“ha; huh”) (especially used in Moha culture.)

#### Derived terms

* 膜蛤 (móhá)
* 蛤蟆 (háma)

### Etymology 3

From Hokkien 哈 (hâⁿ) or 唅 (hahⁿ).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): há (ha$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄚˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: há
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: há
*** Wade–Giles: ha$^2$
*** Yale: há
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: har
*** Palladius: ха (xa)
*** Sinological IPA : /xä³⁵/

#### Definitions

蛤
* (Taiwan, chiefly Internet) Used to indicate doubt or questioning. what?, huh?, eh
       Há? Nǐ shuō shénme? [Pinyin]
       Huh, what did you say?

#### Synonyms

* 啊 (á), (Cantonese) 吓 (haa$^2$)

### Etymology 4

Compare Proto-Tai *kɤpᴰ (“frog”), whence Thai กบ (gòp), Lao ກົບ (kop), Zhuang goep, Shan ၵူပ်း (kúup), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜆𑜫 (kup).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): gap$^3$ / gaap$^3$ / gap$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gab$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gap$^3$ / gaap$^3$ / gap$^1$
*** Yale: gap / gaap / gāp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gap$^8$ / gaap$^8$ / gap$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geb$^3$ / gab$^3$ / geb$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐp̚³/, /kaːp̚³/, /kɐp̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gák
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kap
*** Tâi-lô: kap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kab
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kap̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kap̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gab$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kap
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚²/

#### Definitions

蛤
* (dialectal) frog

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 蛙, 田父 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 青蛙 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 蛙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 蛤蟆, 青蛙, 青乖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Wuchang (Yingchengzi) | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 青蛙, 青乖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 蛤蟆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 蛤蟆, 青蛙, 青乖子, 田雞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 青蛙, 蛤蟆, 青罐兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 青蛙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 青蛙, 田雞 as food |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 蛤蟆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 蛤蟆, 青蛙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 蛤蟆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Xianxian (Xiaoying) | 蛤蟆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 田雞 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 蛤蟆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 蛤蟆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 青蛙, 青蛙子, 蛤蟆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 青崴子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 蚧巴子, 張拉崴子, 張崴子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 青崴, 崴子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 歪子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 蛤蟆, 水雞兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 水雞子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 蛤蟆, 田雞, 水雞兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 青蛙, 蛤蟆, 水雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 蛤蟆, 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 青蛙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 青雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 青蛙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 青蛙, 田雞, 蛤蟆, 水雞兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 懶呱子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 田畝雞, 青蛙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 青蛙, 金蛤蟆, 長腿癩蛤蟆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 青蛙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 癩呱呱 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 蜞蟆兒, 青蜞蟆兒, 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 蛤蟆兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 青瘸蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 青蛙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 青蛙, 蛤蟆兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 瘸滾兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 蛤蟆, 綠蛤蟆, 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 青蛙, 田雞, 蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 青蛙, 蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 青蛙, 田雞, 蛤蟆, 石蚌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 蛤蟆, 青蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 蛤蟆, 青皮蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 青蛙, 田雞, 石蚌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 青蛙, 田雞, 青雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 青蛙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guanyang | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lipu | 屎𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 蟆𧊅, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yangshuo | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luzhai | 蟆𧊅, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 蟆𧊅, 青蛙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 青蛙, 蟆𧊅 big, 田雞 big, 蟆𧊅崽 small |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luocheng (Dongmen) | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangzhou (Nalu) | 蟆𧊅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 青蛤蟆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 青蛙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 田雞, 水雞, 蛤蟆, 青蛙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 田雞子, 田雞, 水雞子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 田雞子, 田雞, 蛙子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 青蛙子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 田雞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 蛤蟆, 水雞兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 蛤蟆, 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 田雞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 蛤蟆, 水雞 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 青蛙, 田雞, 蛤乸, 蛤𧊅 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 青蛙, 田雞, 蛤乸, 蛤𧊅 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 蛤𧊅, 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 蛤 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 青蛙, 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 雙養 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 蛤 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 田雞, 蛤 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 田雞, 蛤𧊅 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 蛤, 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 蛤 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 蛤, 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 蛤乸, 蛤𧊅 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 田雞, 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 田雞, 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 田雞, 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 田雞, 蛤乸 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 蛤 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 田雞 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 田雞, 千里馬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蛤蟆, 田雞, 老蛤 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 蛤蟆 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鬼蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𧊅仔, 田雞, 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 田雞 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 蚧嫲 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Changting | 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 𧊅 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𧊅仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𧊅仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 𧊅仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 𧊅 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 𧊅仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 𧊅子 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 蛤蟆 |
| Hakka | Yangshuo (Jinbao) | 蟆𧊅 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 蛤蟆, 𧊅哩, 蛤𧊅 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 𧊅仔 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 𧊅 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 水雞, 田雞, 蛤蟆 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 蛤蟆, 田雞 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 青蛙, 蛤蟆, 青疥 |
| Jin | Datong | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Linhe | 青蛙 |
| Jin | Jining | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 蛤蟆, 青蛙 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 蛤蟆 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 蛤蟆, 青蛙 |
| Jin | Handan | 蛤蟆, 青蛙 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 青幫 |
| Jin | Suide | 蛤蟆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 田狗, 水雞 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 青蛤, 黃䱝, 水雞 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 青蛤, 黃䱝, 水雞 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 黃䱝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 田蛤仔, 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 埯魅坸仔, 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 田蛤仔, 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 大肚仔魚, 水雞, 田蛤仔, 杜蝛仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 水雞, 田蛤仔, 肚蛙 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 水雞, 四跤仔, 田蛤仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 水雞, 蛤仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 水雞, 田蛤仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 水雞, 四跤魚, 田蛤仔, 田僑 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 水雞, 蛤婆, 田蛤仔 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 水雞, 田蛤仔 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 青老蛙 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 蛤虯, 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 水雞 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 水雞, 蛤虯 small |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 水雞, 蛤虯 small |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 蛤蛄, 蛤虯 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 蛤虯 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 田雞, 蛤, 嗎喙蛤 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 蛤, 田雞 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 蛤, 田雞, 螻蛤 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 洋乜, 水雞 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 洋乜, 水雞 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 田狗 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 黃蛤, 青蛙 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 田雞 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 蛤, 田雞 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 蛤蟆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 田雞 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Wu | Danyang | 田雞, 青蛙 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 田雞 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 癩斯, 青蛙癩斯, 田雞, 水雞 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 蛤蟆, 蛤蟆牯, 田雞 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 田雞, 蟥蟆 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 田雞, 蛤蟆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蛤蟆, 蛤蟆子, 蟆𧊅, 水雞 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 蟆𧊅, 蟆𧊅子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 蟆𧊅子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 青蟆𧊅 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 蟆𧊅 |

#### Compounds

* 田蛤仔
* 田蛤仔泅
* 蛤乸
* 蛤仔
* 蛤仔泅
* 蛤仔難 / 蛤仔难
* 蛤仔鯊 / 蛤仔鲨
* 蛤虯 / 蛤虬
* 蛤𧊅
* 青蛤

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* clam

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kan’yō-on: か (ka)
* Kun: はまぐり (hamaguri, 蛤)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 蛤
* はまぐり Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 文蛤 蚌
First atttested in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934:
* 蚌蛤 兼名苑云蚌蛤〈放甲二音蚌或作蜯 和名 波末久利〉一名含漿Clam (蚌蛤). The Garden of Assembled Names gives 蚌蛤. (Alternative Chinese character readings include 蚌 (bàng) and 蜯 (bàng). The Japanese name is called famaguri) This singular name is used in grain soups.
Compound of 浜 (hama, “beach”) +‎ 栗 (kuri, “chestnut”). The kuri changes to guri as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Sense "inconsistency": from the reversal of the compound elements, forming ぐりはま (gurihama), etc.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はまぐり [hàmáꜜgùrì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [ha̠ma̠ɡɯ̟ɾʲi]
* (Kyoto) は​まぐり [háꜜmàgùrì] (Kōki)
* Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
   * (the Heian period) LLLH
   * (the Edo period) HHLL
    ※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌). ※ References:

#### Noun

蛤(はまぐり) or 蛤(ハマグリ) • (hamaguri)
* [from 934] a clam, Meretrix lusoria
** 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki:
    Famaguri. ハマグリ (蛤) 蛤.Famaguri - Clam.
** 1888, 庖丁鹽梅‎, page 99:
    〔五(ご)十(じゅう)九(きゅう)〕蛤(はまぐり)いも　　生(なま)にておろし蒸(むし)て蛤(はまぐり)の肉(み)の貌(かたち)に造(つく)りはまぐり殻(から)の中(なか)へいれ豆(ほう)油(ゆ)少(すこ)しさして貝(かい)共(とも)に焼(やい)ていたす
       〔gojūkyū〕hamaguri imo nama nite oroshi mushite hamaguri no mi no katachi ni tsukuri hamaguri kara no naka e ire hōyu sukoshi sashite kai tomoni yaiteitasu
       (509) Clam potatoes. Place it down raw, then boil it the meat contents of the clam; then put in the contents of the clam shell; stick in soybean sauce; then grill the molluscs together.
* [from late Heian] the shell of a clam
* [from 1770] an inconsistency
* [from c. 1743] a pussy; a vulva (especially of a young woman)
    Synonym: 女陰 (jo'in)
* [from 1931] a geisha becoming a single one after deflowering
* [unspecified] a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) consisting of a clam-shaped butterfly, three clams in a circle, five clams, etc.
* [from 1500 (?)] Abbreviation of 蛤刃 (hamaguriba, “a sharp but curved blade”).
* [unspecified] a 鷺流 (sagiryū) type of kyogen play

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ハマグリ.

### Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 蛤 – see the following entry. :
| 【蛙かえる】H | [noun] a frog (amphibious animal) Alternative spellings 蝦, カエル |
(This term, 蛤, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 “はま‐ぐり 【蛤・文蛤・蚌】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* ↑ “蛤”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN, page 200.

## Korean
### Hanja

蛤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蛤: Hán Nôm readings: cáp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.