OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# شعور
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃu.ʕuːr/

### Noun

شُعُور • (šuʕūr) m
* verbal noun of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) (form I)
* feeling, sensation, emotion
    Synonym: إِحْسَاس (ʔiḥsās)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: şüur
* → Chagatai: شعور
** Uyghur: شۇئۇر (shu'ur)
** Uzbek: shuur
* → Northern Kurdish: şuûr
* → Ottoman Turkish: شعور (şuûr)
** Turkish: şuur
* → Classical Persian: شُعُور (šu'ūr)
** Dari: شعور (šu'ūr, ša'ūr)
** Iranian Persian: شعور (šo'ur)
** Tajik: шуур (šuur)
** → Hindustani:
*** Hindi: शऊर (śaūr)
*** Urdu: شُعُور (śu'ūr)
* → Talysh: şuur

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شُعُور (šuʕūr).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃu.ˈʔuːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃo̞.ʔúːɾ], [ʃä.ʔúːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃo̞.ʔúːɾ], [ʃä.ʔúːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃoːúːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃʊːúɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃo.ʔúːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃu.ʔúɾ]

### Noun

شعور • (šo'ur)
* common sense, good sense, intelligence

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “شعور”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شُعُور (šu'ūr), from Arabic شُعُور (šuʕūr). First attested in c. 1635 as Middle Hindi شعور (ś'vr).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʃʊ.(ʔ)uːɾ/
* (Punjabic Urdu, Delhiite) IPA: [ʃɐ̯uːɾ]
* Rhymes: -uːɾ
* Hyphenation: شُ‧عُور

### Noun

شُعُور • (śu'ūr) m (Hindi spelling शऊर)
* intellect, wisdom; good sense
* (psychology) consciousness
* puberty, maturity

#### See also
### References

* ↑ “شعور”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “شعور”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شعور”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “شعور”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* S. W. Fallon (1879) “شعور”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
* John Shakespear (1834) “شعور”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
# planned economy
## English
### Noun

planned economy (plural planned economies)
* (economics, politics) An economic system in which government directly manages supply and demand for goods and services by controlling production, prices, and distribution in accordance with a long-term design and schedule of objectives.
    Synonym: (loosely) command economy
    Coordinate terms: market economy, mixed economy

#### Translations
### References

* “planned economy”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# wybaczysz
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈba.t͡ʂɘʂ/
* Rhymes: -at͡ʂɘʂ
* Syllabification: wy‧ba‧czysz

### Verb

wybaczysz
* second-person singular future of wybaczyć
# ქანთრი-როკი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰantʰɾiɾokʼi]
* Hyphenation: ქან‧თრი-რო‧კი

### Noun

ქანთრი-როკი • (kantri-roḳi) (uncountable)
* (music) country rock

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# il-għodwa t-tajba
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪˈlɔːd.wa‿tˈtaj.ba/
** IPA: /ɪˈlɔˤːd.wa‿tˈtaj.ba/ (archaic)
** IPA: /ɪlˈɣɔd.wa‿tˈtaj.ba/ (archaic, rustic)

### Interjection

il-għodwa t-tajba
* Dated form of l-għodwa t-tajba.
# pinwydd Chile
## Welsh
### Noun

pinwydd Chile f (collective, singulative pinwydden Chile)
* Chilean pines, monkey puzzle (Araucaria araucana)
    Synonym: casiau gan fwnci

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Cymdeithas Edward Llwyd (2018) “Y Bywiadur”, in Llên natur‎, retrieved 5 February 2025.
# guianicarum
## Latin
### Adjective

guiānicārum
* genitive feminine plural of guiānicus
# jagħtu
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjaː.tu/
* IPA: /ˈjaˤː.tu/ (archaic)

### Verb

jagħtu
* third-person plural imperfect of ta
# ضوء
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤawʔ/

### Noun

ضَوْء • (ḍawʔ) m (plural أَضْوَاء (ʔaḍwāʔ))
* verbal noun of ضَاءَ (ḍāʔa, “to shine”) (form I)
* light
    عِنْدَمَا تَنْطَفِئُ الْأَضْوَاء، يُمْكِنُنَا رُؤْيَة النُّجُوم بِوُضُوح.ʕindamā tanṭafiʔu l-ʔaḍwāʔ, yumkinunā ruʔya(t) an-nujūm biwuḍūḥ.When the lights go out, we can see the stars clearly.

#### Synonyms

* ضِيَاء (ḍiyāʔ)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: dawl
* Moroccan Arabic: ضو (ḍaww, ḍuww, ḍū)
# finierimus
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /fiː.niˈe.ri.mus/, [fiːniˈɛrɪmʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /fi.niˈe.ri.mus/, [finiˈɛːrimus]
* (Classical Latin) IPA: /fiː.ni.eˈriː.mus/, [fiːniɛˈriːmʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /fi.ni.eˈri.mus/, [finieˈriːmus]

### Verb

fīnierimus
* first-person plural future perfect active indicative of fīniō

### Verb

fīnierīmus
* first-person plural perfect active subjunctive of fīniō
# dealgán
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈdʲalˠəɡanˠ/, /ˈdʲal̪ˠəɡan̪ˠ/; /ˈdʲɔlˠəɡanˠ/

### Etymology 1

From dealg (“thorn”) +‎ -án. Compare Scottish Gaelic dealgan (“small spindle, skewer”).

#### Noun

dealgán m (genitive singular dealgáin, nominative plural dealgáin)
* knitting needle

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
dealgán
dealgáin
vocative
a dhealgáin
a dhealgána
genitive
dealgáin
dealgán
dative
dealgán
dealgáin
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an dealgán
na dealgáin
genitive
an dealgáin
na ndealgán
dative
leis an dealgán don dealgán
leis na dealgáin :

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

dealgán m (genitive singular dealgáin, nominative plural dealgáin)
* Alternative form of gealacán

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
dealgán
dealgáin
vocative
a dhealgáin
a dhealgána
genitive
dealgáin
dealgán
dative
dealgán
dealgáin
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an dealgán
na dealgáin
genitive
an dealgáin
na ndealgán
dative
leis an dealgán don dealgán
leis na dealgáin :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 408, page 134
* ↑ Lucas, Leslie W. (1979) Grammar of Ros Goill Irish Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 5), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast, page 252
* ↑ Wagner, Heinrich (1959) Gaeilge Theilinn: Foghraidheacht, Gramadach, Téacsanna [The Irish of Teelin: Phonetics, Grammar, Texts] (in Irish), Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 176, page 34; reprinted 1979

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dealgán”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
# ქანი
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰani]
* Hyphenation: ქა‧ნი

### Noun

ქანი • (kani) (plural ქანები)
* (geology) rock, rock layer, stratum

#### Declension

Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
# nebulae
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: neb'jə-lē, IPA: /ˈnɛbjʊliː/

### Noun

nebulae
* plural of nebula

## Latin
### Noun

nebulae f
* inflection of nebula:
** genitive/dative singular
** nominative/vocative plural
# Reptilia
## Translingual
### Etymology

Derived from Latin reptilis (“creeping”).

### Proper noun

Reptilia
* A taxonomic class within the superclass Tetrapoda – all reptiles (including birds).

#### Hypernyms

* (class): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass

#### Hyponyms

* (class): Aves – subclass

#### Coordinate terms

* (class): Synapsidomorpha (includes mammals and mammal-like reptiles) – clade
* (class in Tetrapoda): Amphibia, Mammalia

### References

* Reptilia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Reptilia on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Reptilia on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Reptilia at the Tree of Life Web Project
* 1 2 Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, et al. (2015) A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248. PMID 25923521, →DOI
# 'ngish
## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English angwissh, from Anglo-Norman anguisse, from Latin angustia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋ.ɡɪʃ/

### Noun

'ngish
* anguish
** 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:At aar errone was var ameing 'ar 'ngish ee-height.That their errand was aiming to bring anguish upon them.

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 86
# jegħleb
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɛː.lɛp/
** IPA: /ˈjɛˤː.lɛp/ (archaic)
** IPA: /ˈjɛɣ.lɛp/ (archaic, rustic)

### Verb

jegħleb
* third-person masculine singular imperfect of għeleb
# طابق
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Middle Persian tʾp̄k' (tābaq, tābag), source of the root ط ب ق (ṭ b q).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤaː.baq/

### Noun

طَابَق • (ṭābaq) m (plural طَوَابِق (ṭawābiq))
* (obsolete) a large tile or brick
* (obsolete) a frying-pan
* (obsolete) a sheet of iron or flat piece of metal, for example for baking on it
* (obsolete) a joint, a limb or member of the body
* floor (“storey”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: tabaq
* → Ottoman Turkish: طباق (tabak)
** Turkish: tabak
** → Middle Armenian: թապախ (tʻapax), թապաղ (tʻapaġ), տապաղ (tapaġ)
*** Armenian: թաբախ (tʻabax)
** Laz: ტაბაღი (ťabaği)
* → Salar: dovaq
* → Turkmen: tābak
* → Uyghur: [script needed] (tavaq)
* → Uzbek: tovoq
* → Kazakh: табақ (tabaq)
* → Kyrgyz: табак (tabak)

### Verb

طَابَقَ • (ṭābaqa) III (non-past يُطَابِقُ (yuṭābiqu), verbal noun مُطَابَقَة (muṭābaqa) or طِبَاق (ṭibāq))
* to be in accordance with
* to be commensurate to, to be congruent with, to agree with in outer properties

#### Conjugation
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology 1

Arabic طَابَق (ṭābaq).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤaː.biɡ/, [tˤaː.bɪɡ]

#### Noun

طابق • (ṭābig) m (plural طوابق (ṭawābig))
* floor
    Synonym: دور (dōr)

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Arabic طَابَقَ (ṭābaqa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤaː.baɡ/

#### Verb

طابق • (ṭābag) III (non-past يطابق (yiṭābig))
* to conform
* to be in accordance with

##### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Arabic طَابَق (ṭābaq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤaː.beʔ/

### Noun

طابق • (ṭābeʔ) m (plural طوابق (ṭawābeʔ))
* floor
# finierant
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /fiːˈni.e.rant/, [fiːˈniɛrän̪t̪]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /fiˈni.e.rant/, [fiˈniːerän̪t̪]

### Verb

fīnierant
* third-person plural pluperfect active indicative of fīniō
# X̱w
## Kwak'wala
### Alternative forms

* X̌ʷ in Liqʼwala dialect

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /χʷ/

### Letter

X̱w (lower case x̱w)
* A letter of the Kwak'wala alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* Uʼmista
* (Latin-script letters) A a, A̱ a̱, B b, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, K k, Kw kw, K̓ k̓, K̓w k̓w, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵ̓ ḵ̓, Ḵ̓w ḵ̓w, L l, ʼL ʼl, Ł ł, M m, ʼM ʼm, N n, ʼN ʼn, O o, P p, P̓ p̓, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Tł tł, T̓ł t̓ł, Ts ts, T̓s t̓s, U u, W w, ʼW ʼw, X x, Xw xw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, Y y, ʼY ʼy, ʼ
* Liq̓ʷala
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ə ə, B b, D d, Ꟛ ꟛ, Dᶻ dᶻ, E e, G g, Gʷ gʷ, Ǧ ǧ, Ǧʷ ǧʷ, H h, I i, K k, Kʷ kʷ, K̓ k̓, K̓ʷ k̓ʷ, Q q, Qʷ qʷ, Q̓ q̓, Q̓ʷ q̓ʷ, L l, L̓ l̓, Ł ł, M m, M̓ m̓, N n, N̓ n̓, O o, P p, P̓ p̓, S s, T t, T̓ t̓, Ƛ ƛ, Ƛ̓ ƛ̓, C c, C̓ c̓, U u, W w, W̓ w̓, X x, Xʷ xʷ, X̌ x̌, X̌ʷ x̌ʷ, Y y, Y̓ y̓, ʔ

## Squamish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /χʷ/

### Letter

X̱w (upper case x̱w)
* A letter of the Squamish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á), B b, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, E e (É é), H h, I i (Í í), K k, Kʼ kʼ, Kw kw, Kwʼ kwʼ, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵwʼ ḵwʼ, L l, Lʼ lʼ, Lh lh, M m, Mʼ mʼ, N n, Nʼ nʼ, P p, Pʼ pʼ, S s, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u (Ú ú), W w, Wʼ wʼ, X x, Xw xw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, Y y, Yʼ yʼ, 7

## Tlingit
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /χʷ/

### Letter

X̱w (lower case x̱w)
* (US) A letter of the Tlingit alphabet, written in the Latin script.
    Synonym: Xhw

#### See also

* Canada:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, À à, Â â, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dł dł, Dz dz, E e, É é, È è, Ê ê, G g, Gw gw, Gh gh, Ghw ghw, H h, I i, Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Kh kh, Khw khw, Khʼ khʼ, Khʼw khʼw (L l), Ł ł, Łʼ łʼ (M m), N n (O o), S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, Xh xh, Xhw xhw, Xhʼ xhʼ, Xhʼw xhʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ), ․
* US:
* (Latin-script letters) A a, Á á, Aa aa, Áa áa, Ch ch, Chʼ chʼ, D d, Dl dl, Dz dz, E e, É é, Ee ee, Ée ée, Ei ei, Éi éi, G g, Gw gw, G̱ g̱, G̱w g̱w, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, Kw kw, Kʼ kʼ, Kʼw kʼw, Ḵ ḵ, Ḵw ḵw, Ḵʼ ḵʼ, Ḵʼw ḵʼw, L l, Lʼ lʼ (Ḻ ḻ, M m), N n (O o), Oo oo, Óo óo, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Sh sh, T t, Tʼ tʼ, Tl tl, Tlʼ tlʼ, Ts ts, Tsʼ tsʼ, U u, Ú ú, W w, X x, Xw xw, Xʼ xʼ, Xʼw xʼw, X̱ x̱, X̱w x̱w, X̱ʼ x̱ʼ, X̱ʼw x̱ʼw, Y y (Ÿ ÿ, Y̱ y̱), ․
# ქარა
## Georgian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaɾa]
* Hyphenation: ქა‧რა

### Noun

ქარა • (kara)
* cut block of wood
* (Guria) sharp stake
* earless sheep
* plain golden fabric

#### Derived terms

* ქარაბაკი (karabaḳi)

### Further reading

* Orbeliani, Sulxan-Saba (1685–1716) “ქარა”, in S. Iordanišvili, editor, Siṭq̇vis ḳona kartuli, romel ars leksiḳoni [Collection of Georgian words, that is a dictionary]‎, Tbilisi: Georgian SSR print, published 1949, page 366b
* Rayfield, Donald, editor (2006), “ქარა”, in A Comprehensive Georgian–English Dictionary, London: Garnett Press
# is-sliem għalikom
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* sliem għalikom

### Etymology

From Arabic السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ (as-salāmu ʕalaykum, “peace be upon you”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /(ɪ)sˌslɪːm aˈliː.kɔm/
* IPA: /(ɪ)sˌslɪːm aˤːˈliː.kɔm/ (archaic)

### Interjection

is-sliem għalikom
* peace be upon you (mostly used during Catholic masses by priests to greet)
    Synonym: il-paċi magħkom
# nekvalitní
## Czech
### Etymology

From ne- +‎ kvalitní.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛkvalɪtɲiː]

### Adjective

nekvalitní (comparative nekvalitnější, superlative nejnekvalitnější)
* low-quality, poor-quality, substandard
    Synonym: nejakostní

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “nekvalitní”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nekvalitní”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# °

| ° | U+00B0, &#176; DEGREE SIGN |
| ← ¯ [U+00AF] | Latin-1 Supplement | ± → [U+00B1] |

## Translingual
### Description

A small circle, to be placed at the top of the line.

### Symbol

* degree of temperature
* degree, as used in angle or arc measure
** degree of latitude or longitude
* hour of time
* rod (unit of measure)
* See º for the masculine ordinal number indicator.
* (phonetics) See ˚ and ◌̊ for the ring, a diacritical mark.
* (music) diminished

#### Coordinate terms

* (time): ′, ″
* (angles): ′, ″

#### Translations
## French
### Symbol

* (biography and genealogy) denoting birth, born
    Synonym: *
    Antonym: +

#### Related terms

* (°) (“born outside wedlock”)
* °+ (“stillborn”)

### Further reading

* “Symboles de généalogie”, in Geneawiki‎, 2023 November 13 (last accessed), Sigles en généalogie

## Latin
### Symbol

* (biography and genealogy) denoting birth, born
    Synonym: *
    Antonym: †
** 1996, Josephus Antonius Maria Carolus Ĳsewĳn, Ulfus Timmermann, “Specimen Latinitatis Faroensis”, in Humanistica Lovaniensia: Journal of Neo-Latin Studies, volume XLV, Lovanium: Leuven University Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, footnote 7 (on page 507):De Luca Debes (°Stubbekøbing / Falster 1623 — †Thorshavn 28 IX 1675) vide vitam in Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, vol. V (Hauniae 1934), pp. 624–625.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# ظرف
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ðˤarf/

### Noun

ظَرْف • (ẓarf) m (plural ظُرُوف (ẓurūf))
* vessel, container, receptacle
* metal saucer
* box, pasteboard box, purse, bag
* egg cup
* envelope (for a letter)
* case
* cover
* (grammar) adverb, adverbial expression denoting place or time
    Hyponyms: ظَرْف زَمَان (ẓarf zamān), ظَرْف مَكَان (ẓarf makān)
* circumstance, condition
* wit, sagacity
* gracefulness, elegance, culture

#### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: ظرف (ḏ̣arf)
* Hijazi Arabic: ظرف (ẓarf)
* → Afar: dárfi
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: ज़रफ़ (zaraf)
** Urdu: ظرف (z̤araf)
* → Ottoman Turkish: ظرف (zarf)
** Turkish: zarf
** → Albanian: zarf
** → English: zarf, zarph
** → Romanian: zarf
** → Serbo-Croatian: zȁrf
* → Persian: ظرف
** → Azerbaijani: zərf

#### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظرف”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ظرف”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

ظرف
* Arabic spelling of zərf (“adverb”)

#### Declension
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic ظَرْف (ẓarf).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zˤarf/, /ðˤarf/

### Noun

ظَرف • (ẓarf) m (plural ظُروف (ẓurūf))
* envelope
* case
* condition

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَرْف (ẓarf).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ðaɾf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäɾf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäɾf]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zäɾf]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zäɾf]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zæɹf]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zäɾf]

### Noun

ظرف • (zarf) (plural ظروف (zoruf) or ظرف‌ها (zarf-hâ))
* dish, vessel, container
    Synonym: بشقاب (bošqâb)
    ظرف‌هارا پاک کن ― zarf-hā-rā pāk kun ― clean the dishes (Dari, very formal)
** 2017, “عکس‌خبر؛ رکورد گران‌ترین ظرف چینی شکسته شد”, in BBC Persian‎:رکورد گران‌ترین ظرف چینی شکسته شدrekord-e gerân-tarin zarf-e čini šekaste šodthe record for the most expensive porcelain dish has been broken
* (figurative) ability, capacity
* (figurative) patience, forbearance
* (grammar) adverb

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: zərf

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَرْف (ẓarf).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /zə.ɾəf/
* Rhymes: -əf

### Noun

ظَرَف • (zaraf) ? (Hindi spelling ज़रफ़)
* dish, vessel, container
    Synonym: برتن (bartan)
# jgħaġġeb
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjaːd.d͡ʒɛp/
* IPA: /ˈjaˤːd.d͡ʒɛp/ (archaic)
* Rhymes: -aːdd͡ʒɛp, -aˤːdd͡ʒɛp

### Verb

jgħaġġeb
* third-person masculine singular imperfect of għaġġeb
# cleverer
## English
### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈklɛvɚɚ/

### Adjective

cleverer
* comparative form of clever: more clever
** 1954 November, Frank Hewitt, “The First Decade of British 4-6-0 Locomotives—1”, in Railway Magazine, page 752:Critics were vehemently outspoken; but while they fretted about looks, they missed the cleverer points in the design itself.
# ქარაბაკი
## Georgian
### Etymology

From ქარა (kara) +‎ ბაკი (baḳi, “hedged pen for cattle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaɾabakʼi]
* Hyphenation: ქა‧რა‧ბა‧კი

### Noun

ქარაბაკი • (karabaḳi) (plural ქარაბაკები)
* cattle pen made of woven branches

### Further reading

* Čubinašvili, Niḳo (1812–1825) “ქარაბაკი”, in Kartuli leksiḳoni rusulis targamaniturt [Georgian Explanatory Dictionary with Russian Commentaries]‎, Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences
* Orbeliani, Sulxan-Saba (1685–1716) “ქარაბაკი”, in S. Iordanišvili, editor, Siṭq̇vis ḳona kartuli, romel ars leksiḳoni [Collection of Georgian words, that is a dictionary]‎, Tbilisi: Georgian SSR print, published 1949, page 366b
* Rayfield, Donald, editor (2006), “ქარაბაკი”, in A Comprehensive Georgian–English Dictionary, London: Garnett Press
# isimgħu
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪˈsɪ.mɔw/, /ɪˈsɪ.maw/
* IPA: /ɪˈsɪ.məˤw/ (archaic)

### Verb

isimgħu
* second-person plural imperative of sema’
# strengþa
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstrenɡ.θɑ/, [ˈstreŋɡ.ðɑ]

### Noun

strengþa
* nominative/accusative/genitive plural of strengþu
# multidisciplinary
## English
### Etymology

From multi- +‎ disciplinary.

### Adjective

multidisciplinary (comparative more multidisciplinary, superlative most multidisciplinary)
* Relating to multiple areas of study or work.
    Coordinate term: crossfunctional
    Near-synonyms: crossdisciplinary, interdisciplinary, pluridisciplinary, transdisciplinary
** 2007 May 21, Leslie Feinberg, “Cuba mobilized before first diagnosis”, in Workers World‎:A multi-disciplinary team of doctors and researchers was assigned to work full time on AIDS.
** 2014 January, Claire Kramsch, “Language and Culture”, in AILA Review‎, volume 27, number 5, John Benjamins, →DOI, →ISSN, page 30:This paper surveys the research methods and approaches used in the multidisciplinary field of applied language studies or language education over the last fourty years. Drawing on insights gained in psycho- and sociolinguistics, educational linguistics and linguistic anthropology with regard to language and culture, it is organized around five major questions that concern language educators.

#### Derived terms

* multidisciplinary team

#### Related terms

* multidisciplinarian
* multidisciplinarianism
* multidisciplinarity
# عسكري
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of عَسْكَر (ʕaskar, “army”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕas.ka.rijj/

### Adjective

عَسْكَرِيّ • (ʕaskariyy) (feminine عَسْكَرِيَّة (ʕaskariyya), masculine plural عَسْكَرِيُّون (ʕaskariyyūn) or عَسَاكِر (ʕasākir), feminine plural عَسْكَرِيَّات (ʕaskariyyāt))
* military
    الْعَسْكَرِيُّون ― al-ʕaskariyyūn ― the military

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: عسكری (askeri)
** → Crimean Tatar: askeriy
** Turkish: askerî

### Noun

عَسْكَرِيّ • (ʕaskariyy) m (plural عَسْكَرِيُّونَ (ʕaskariyyūna) or عَسَاكِر (ʕasākir), feminine عَسْكَرِيَّة (ʕaskariyya))
* soldier
* (military) private
* policeman
* (in the plural) enlisted men

#### Descendants

* Moroccan Arabic: عسكري (ʕaskri)
** Tarifit: aɛeskari
* → Daba: ásgàr
* → Ladino: askier
* → Mabaan: ackan
* → Sicilian: Làscari, Làschiri
** → Italian: Lascari
* → Somali: askari
* → Swahili: askari
** → Chichewa: msilikali, msirikali
** → English: askari
** → French: askari
** → German: Askari
** → Iraqw: askaari
** → Italian: ascaro
** → Polish: askarys

#### See also

* جُنْدِيّ m (jundiyy)

#### References

* Haywood, J.A., Nahmad, H.M. (1965) “عسكري”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “عسكر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# jgħanni
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjaːn.nɪ/
** IPA: /ˈjaˤːn.nɪ/ (archaic)
** IPA: /jˈɣan.nɪ/ (archaic, rustic)

### Verb

jgħanni
* third-person singular imperfect of għanna
# procreatory
## English
### Adjective

procreatory (comparative more procreatory, superlative most procreatory)
* Synonym of procreative
# polemise
## English
### Verb

polemise (third-person singular simple present polemises, present participle polemising, simple past and past participle polemised)
* Alternative form of polemize
# ქართულად ვერ ვლაპარაკობ
## Georgian

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Alternative forms

* მე ქართულად ვერ ვლაპარაკობ (me kartulad ver vlaṗaraḳob)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʰaɾtʰuɫatʰ veɾ vɫapʼaɾakʼopʰ]

### Phrase

ქართულად ვერ ვლაპარაკობ • (kartulad ver vlaṗaraḳob)
* I don’t speak Georgian
    Antonyms: ქართულად ვლაპარაკობ (kartulad vlaṗaraḳob), მე ქართულად ვლაპარაკობ (me kartulad vlaṗaraḳob)

### See also

* ქართულად კარგად ვერ ვლაპარაკობ (kartulad ḳargad ver vlaṗaraḳob)
# ixba'
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɪʒ.ba/
* IPA: /ˈɪʒ.baˤ/ (archaic)

### Verb

ixba’
* second-person singular imperative of xeba’ and xaba’
# 沱灢
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 沱灢 – see 沱㶞 (“Đà Nẵng”). (This term is a variant form of 沱㶞).