# sombra
## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* solombra
* selombra
* salombra

### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin umbra, through an intermediate Vulgar Latin form. Compare Spanish and Portuguese sombra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsombɾa/ [ˈsõm.bɾa]
* Rhymes: -ombɾa
* Hyphenation: som‧bra

### Noun

sombra f (plural sombres)
* shade, shadow

### Further reading

* Academia de la Llingua Asturiana (2000). Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana (1ª edición). →ISBN. on-line version.

## Catalan
### Alternative forms

* ombra (native)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish sombra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈsom.bɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈsom.bɾa]
* (Alghero) IPA: /ˈsom.bɾa/

### Noun

sombra f (plural sombres)
* (Castilianism, Alghero) shade
* (Castilianism, Alghero) shadow
* (Castilianism, Alghero) ghost

#### Usage notes

* Found within Algherese and more generally as a Castilianism, coexisting in both cases with the native ombra. Regarded outside of Algherese as "inadmissible."

### Further reading

* “sombra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* El Català de l'Alguer : un model d'àmbit restringit, Barcelona, 2003, →ISBN, page 58
* “sombra”, in Diccionari d'Alguerés, 2022 July 4 (last accessed)

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɔ̃.bʁa/

### Verb

sombra
* third-person singular past historic of sombrer

### Anagrams

* ombras

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* sóma, sôma (proscribed, literary)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese soonbra, perhaps from Latin sub (“under”) + umbra (“shadow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsombɾa/ [ˈs̺om.bɾɐ]
* Rhymes: -ombɾa
* Hyphenation: som‧bra

### Noun

sombra m (plural sombras)
* shade
** 1845, Alberto Camino, O desconsolo:D’esta fontiña áa beira froleada sentado áa sombra de un chorón estóu doído o peito, á alma esconsolada triste morrendo pouco a pouco vóu.By the flowery side of this spring, sitting in the shade of a weeping willow I am, aching heart, disconsolate soul, sad, little by little I die
* shadow
** c. 1350, Kelvin M. Parker, editor, Historia Troyana, page 50:estaua Paris adeante su a soonbra de hũ moy grande et forte rrobreParis was ahead, under the shadow of a very large and strong oak tree
** 1880, Rosalía de Castro, Cantares Gallegos:Cando penso que te fuches, negra sombra que me asombras, ó pé dos meus cabezales tornas facéndome mofa. Cando maxino que es ida, no mesmo sol te me amostras, i eres a estrela que brila, i eres o vento que zoa. Si cantan, es ti que cantas, si choran, es ti que choras, i es o marmurio do río i es a noite i es a aurora. En todo estás e ti es todo, pra min i en min mesma moras, nin me abandonarás nunca, sombra que sempre me asombras. When I think that you're gone, dark shadow that shadows me, at the feet of my bed you return to mock me. When I'm imagining you're gone, in the sun itself you show yourself, and you are the star that glitters and you are the wind that howls. if they sing, it's you, singing, if they cry, it's you, crying, and you are the river's murmur, and you're the night, and you're the dawn. Everywhere you're and you're everything, for me and in myself you dwell, but you'll never left me alone, shadow that always shadows me.
* (folklore, supernatural) shadow, ghost

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “soonbra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “sombra”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “soonbra”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sombra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sombra”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sombra”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese soombra, of uncertain origin, but ultimately containing Latin umbra (“shadow”). Possible etymologies include:
* from Old Galician-Portuguese soombrar, from Vulgar Latin *subumbrāre (“to shadow”), from Latin sub + umbrāre, from umbra (“shadow”).
* from Old Spanish solombra, from Vulgar Latin *solumbra, from Latin sub illā umbrā (literally “under that shadow”).
* from Latin umbra (“shadow”), influenced by Old Galician-Portuguese sol (“sun, sunshine”).
Cognate with Galician, Asturian, and Spanish sombra, solombra, Mirandese selombra, French sombre and possibly with Dalmatian sombreja and Romansch sumbreiva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsõ.bɾɐ/
* Rhymes: -õbɾɐ
* Hyphenation: som‧bra

### Noun

sombra f (plural sombras)
* shadow
** shade
    Não há luz sem sombra.There's no light without a shadow.
** a faint silhouette
    Vimos uma sombra passar pela janela.We saw a shadow passing by the window.
** (figurative) a negative aspect of something
    O tempo na cadeia é uma sombra do seu passado.The time spent in jail is a shadow from his past.
    Synonym: vulto
** trace, hint (a very small amount, especially of something abstract)
    Sem sombra de dúvida.Without a shadow of doubt.
    Synonyms: traço, resquício
** tail (someone who closely and persistently follows another)
** (supernatural, fantasy) shade, ghost
    Synonym: fantasma
* eye shadow (makeup applied to the eyelids)
* (painting, drawing) the darker parts of an image
* (figurative) copycat (one who imitates someone without adding ingenuity)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “shade”): sol, luz, claridade
* (antonym(s) of “darker parts of an image”): luz

#### Derived terms

* à sombra de
* sombra de dúvida
* sombreiro
* sombrinha

#### Related terms

* assombrar
* sombrar
* sombreado
* sombrear

### References

* 1 2 Dicionario de dicionarios do galego medieval http://sli.uvigo.es/DDGM/ddd_pescuda.php?pescuda=sombra&tipo_busca=lema
* ↑ Infopedia http://www.infopedia.pt/pesquisa-global/sombra

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsombɾa/ [ˈsõm.bɾa]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ombɾa
* Syllabification: som‧bra

### Etymology 1

Possibly from the verb sombrar (from Vulgar Latin *subumbrāre), or more likely from Latin umbra (“shade, shadow”), possibly altered by influence from sol (“sun”) (cf. Old Spanish solombra (literally “sunshade”)) or the Latin prefix sub-. An alternative explanation for this form is a Latin construction sub illa umbra (“under that shade”).

#### Noun

sombra f (plural sombras)
* shadow (a dark image projected onto a surface where light (or other radiation) is blocked by the shade of an object)
* shade (darkness where light, particularly sunlight, is blocked)
    Antonyms: luz, sol
* shade, shadow (a small degree)
    sin sombra de duda ― without a shadow of a doubt
* ghost, shade, phantom
    Synonym: fantasma
* (art) shade (a color obtained by adding black)

##### Derived terms

* a la sombra
* asombrar
* hacer sombra
* libro de las sombras
* peaje en la sombra
* quien a buen árbol se arrima, buena sombra le cobija
* sol y sombra
* sombra de ojos
* sombra orográfica
* tendido de sombra

##### Related terms

* sombraje
* sombrear
* sombrero
* sombrilla
* sombrío

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

sombra
* inflection of sombrar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “sombra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* bromas