# meall
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /mʲaul̪ˠ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /mʲɑːl̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /mʲal̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish mell (“ball”), from Proto-Celtic *melsā (“knuckle”), from Proto-Indo-European *mel- (“limb, joint”), see also Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos), Transalpine Gaulish placename Melodunum.

#### Noun

meall m (genitive singular mill, nominative plural meallta)
* ball
* protuberance
* tumour
* lump, mass

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
meall
meallta
vocative
a mhill
a mhealla
genitive
mill
meall
dative
meall
meallta
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an meall
na meallta
genitive
an mhill
na meall
dative
leis an meall don mheall
leis na meallta :

##### Derived terms

* an meall is mó ar deireadh (“last but not least”)
* cruinnmheall (“round mass; globe”)
* meall brád
* meall coise
* meall gorm
* meall guail
* meall mór
* meall na gréine
* meall sneachta
* meall súile

### Etymology 2

From Middle Irish mell, from Old Irish meld, from Proto-Celtic *meldos.

#### Adjective

meall (genitive singular masculine mill, genitive singular feminine mille, plural mealla, comparative mille)
* Alternative form of meallach (“beguiling, pleasant, delightful”)

##### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

### Etymology 3

From Middle Irish mellaid, from mell (“pleasant”) (compare etymology 2 above).

#### Verb

meall (present analytic meallann, future analytic meallfaidh, verbal noun mealladh, past participle meallta) (transitive, intransitive)
* to beguile, charm
* to entice
* to disappoint

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh | mealladh |
| past participle | meallta | meallta | meallta | meallta | meallta | meallta | meallta | meallta |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | meallaim | meallann tú; meallair$^†$ | meallann sé, sí | meallaimid | meallann sibh | meallann siad; meallaid$^†$ | a mheallann; a mheallas / a meallann* | mealltar |
| past | mheall mé; mheallas | mheall tú; mheallais | mheall sé, sí | mheallamar; mheall muid | mheall sibh; mheallabhair | mheall siad; mhealladar | a mheall / ar mheall* | mealladh |
| past habitual | mheallainn / meallainn‡‡ | mhealltá / mealltá‡‡ | mhealladh sé, sí / mealladh sé, sí‡‡ | mheallaimis; mhealladh muid / meallaimis‡‡; mealladh muid‡‡ | mhealladh sibh / mealladh sibh‡‡ | mheallaidís; mhealladh siad / meallaidís‡‡; mealladh siad‡‡ | a mhealladh / a mealladh* | mhealltaí / mealltaí‡‡ |
| future | meallfaidh mé; meallfad | meallfaidh tú; meallfair$^†$ | meallfaidh sé, sí | meallfaimid; meallfaidh muid | meallfaidh sibh | meallfaidh siad; meallfaid$^†$ | a mheallfaidh; a mheallfas / a meallfaidh* | meallfar |
| conditional | mheallfainn / meallfainn‡‡ | mheallfá / meallfá‡‡ | mheallfadh sé, sí / meallfadh sé, sí‡‡ | mheallfaimis; mheallfadh muid / meallfaimis‡‡; meallfadh muid‡‡ | mheallfadh sibh / meallfadh sibh‡‡ | mheallfaidís; mheallfadh siad / meallfaidís‡‡; meallfadh siad‡‡ | a mheallfadh / a meallfadh* | mheallfaí / meallfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go mealla mé; go meallad$^†$ | go mealla tú; go meallair$^†$ | go mealla sé, sí | go meallaimid; go mealla muid | go mealla sibh | go mealla siad; go meallaid$^†$ | — | go mealltar |
| past | dá meallainn | dá mealltá | dá mealladh sé, sí | dá meallaimis; dá mealladh muid | dá mealladh sibh | dá meallaidís; dá mealladh siad | — | dá mealltaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | meallaim | meall | mealladh sé, sí | meallaimis | meallaigí; meallaidh$^†$ | meallaidís | — | mealltar |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 mell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 mell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “meall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Harris) IPA: /mjãũl̪ˠ/
* (Uist, Barra, Skye, Wester Ross) IPA: /mɛ̃ũl̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish mell (“ball”), from Proto-Celtic *melsā (“knuckle”), from Proto-Indo-European *mel- (“limb, joint”), see also Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos), Transalpine Gaulish placename Melodunum.

#### Noun

meall m (genitive singular mill, plural mill)
* lump
* hill
* large number
* (weather) shower (of rain)

##### Derived terms

* meallan
* meall-sgòrnain

### Etymology 2

From Middle Irish mellaid, from mell (“pleasant”).

#### Verb

meall (past mheall, future meallaidh, verbal noun mealladh, past participle meallta)
* deceive, trick, cheat
* entice, beguile, inveigle
* seduce, charm, tempt

##### Derived terms

* mealltach

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
* ↑ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎, Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 mell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “meall”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN