# 頭先
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tóuxiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tau$^4$ sin$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): heu$^3$ lhen$^{1*}$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): tau$^4$ slin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thèu-siên
    (Hailu, HRS): teu sen$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): têu$^2$ xiên$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tàu$^{→tā}$-sĕng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tao$^2$ se$^1$ / tao$^2$ siⁿ$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thâu-seng / thâu-suiⁿ / thâu-saiⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tao$^5$ soin$^1$ / tao$^5$ sain$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tóuxiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tóusian
*** Wade–Giles: tʻou$^2$-hsien$^1$
*** Yale: tóu-syān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tourshian
*** Palladius: тоусянь (tousjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tau$^4$ sin$^1$
*** Yale: tàuh sīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tau$^4$ sin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: teo$^4$ xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: heu$^3$ lhen$^{1*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /heu²² ɬen³³⁻³³⁵/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: tau$^4$ slin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐu⁴² ɬin³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thèu-siên
*** Hakka Romanization System: teu$^ˇ$ xien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: teu$^2$ xian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰeu̯¹¹ si̯en²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: teu sen$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰeu⁵⁵ sen⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: têu$^2$ xiên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰeu¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tàu$^{→tā}$-sĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰa⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(s-)}$lɛiŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tao$^2$ se$^1$ [Phonetic: tao$^5$ le$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: táu-sa̤ⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau¹³⁻²¹ $^{(ɬ-)}$le⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tao$^2$ siⁿ$^1$ [Phonetic: tao$^5$ ni$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau¹³⁻²¹ $^{(ɬ-)}$ni⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâu-seng
*** Tâi-lô: thâu-sing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tausefng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰau²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /tʰau²⁴⁻²¹ seŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰau²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰau¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâu-suiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thâu-suinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tausvuy
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tʰau²⁴⁻²² suĩ³³/
** (Hokkien: Tong'an)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâu-saiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thâu-sainn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tausvay
*** IPA (Tong'an): /tʰau²⁴⁻¹¹ sãi⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tao$^5$ soin$^1$ / tao$^5$ sain$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâu soiⁿ / thâu saiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sõĩ³³/, /tʰau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sãĩ³³/

### Adverb

頭先
* (dialectal, including Hokkien) firstly; originally
* (dialectal) most importantly
* (dialectal, including Hokkien, Puxian Min) just; just now; a moment ago
       nei$^5$ m$^4$ hai$^6$ tau$^4$ sin$^1$ heoi$^3$ zo$^2$ gaa$^3$ me$^1$? [Jyutping]
       Didn't you just go?
* (Teochew) first; before
* (Puxian Min) in front; at the head

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 剛才, 方才, 適才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 剛才, 才剛, 將才 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 才剛兒, 頭先, 頭前兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 剛才 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 剛才, 剛剛的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 剛打剛兒, 剛剛兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 才剛, 才剛剛兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 剛剛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 剛才 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 才才 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 才剛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 剛才, 才剛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 剛頭兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 才剛, 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 先頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 才剛, 剛才, 才一路, 才路, 一路 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 頭先, 啱先 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 剛才 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話, 疇先 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 正就 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 頭先, 啱啱, 啱先, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 剛啱, 舊家 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 舊先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 啱青 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 頭先, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 蚊蚊, 啱先, 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 頭先, 啱先 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 啱先 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 啱啱, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 頭先, 啱啱 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 剛腳, 一腳 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 剛腳 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 頭先, 啱先, 啱啱 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 先頭, 頭先 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 正先 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 正先 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 早先 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 正先 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 啱啱 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 早回 |
| Hakka | Changting | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 頭間 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 正 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 當頭 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 正 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 剛正哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 啱 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 啱先 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 正先 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛之 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 剛才, 剛剛 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 頃先, 頃, 頃頃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 頭先, 頭先早, 連眼, 連刻, 矢文 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 頭站仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 頭先, 頭先仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 前拄仔, 盡拄仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 拄拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 拄仔才 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 頭陣仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 頭拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 麻汝, 耽仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 麻汝, 頭先, 頭早 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 站仔, 頭站仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 頭陣, 同早, 同旰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 剛才 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 同早, 同旰, 頭先, 同陣, 頭陣, 自早 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 同旰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 麻汝, 頭先, 同早 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 當奉囝 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 頭先, 開頭, 啱啱, 啱先 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 啱先, 頭先, 幾早, 頭幾早 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 剛剛, 剛, 剛正, 開開 dated, 客客 dated, 方才 dated |
| Wu | Suzhou | 剛剛, 剛剛頭, 剛巧 |
| Wu | Danyang | 剛才, 剛剛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 剛剛 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 剛剛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 頭前, 頭先, 頭兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 剛才, 才剛, 嚴剛 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 剛剛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 當好, 才當 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 剛才 |
* (first): 先 (xiān)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: đầu tiên (頭先)

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “頭先”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “頭先”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* “Entry #4217”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “头先”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 528.

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 頭 | 先 |

### Adjective

頭先
* chữ Hán form of đầu tiên (“first”).