# 風塵
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēngchén
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ ㄔㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fung$^1$ can$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hong-tîn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^1$ dêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēngchén
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ ㄔㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fongchén
*** Wade–Giles: fêng$^1$-chʻên$^2$
*** Yale: fēng-chén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fengchern
*** Palladius: фэнчэнь (fɛnčɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$封臣 風塵 / 风尘
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fung$^1$ can$^4$
*** Yale: fūng chàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fung$^1$ tsan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fung$^1$ cen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-tîn
*** Tâi-lô: hong-tîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hongdiin
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tin²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ tin²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tin¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tin²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tin²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huang$^1$ dêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang têng
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ³³⁻²³ teŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: pjuwng drin
Rime :
| Character | 風 | 塵 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 方戎切 | 直珍切 |
| Baxter | pjuwng | drin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨuŋ/ | /ɖˠiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piuŋ/ | /ɖᵚin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuŋ/ | /ȡien/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puwŋ/ | /ɖjin/ |
| Li Rong | /piuŋ/ | /ȡjĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭuŋ/ | /ȡǐĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯uŋ/ | /ȡʱi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fēng | chén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fung$^1$ | can$^4$ |

### Noun

風塵
* (literally) windblown dust
* (synecdochically) turmoil caused by war; war
    From: 1084 CE, Sima Guang, Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government
    Yángpínggōng Róng yán yú Jiān yuē: “Xiānbēi, qiāng lǔ, wǒ zhī chóuchóu, cháng sī fēngchén zhī biàn yǐ chěng qí zhì, suǒ chén cèhuà, hé kě cóng yě!” [Pinyin]
    Fu Rong said to the emperor: “The Xianbei and Qiang are hostile to us, constantly seeking a war to fulfil their ambitions. How could you simply follow the scheme they [referring to Murong Chui, a Xianbei, Yao Chang, a Qiang, et al.] have proposed?”
* (synecdochically) hardships of travel; travel fatigue
* (figurative, literary) hardships and uncertainties of unstable society; vicissitudes of life
* (obsolete) prostitute; prostitution
    From: c. 1624, Feng Menglong (馮夢龍), 《杜十娘怒沉百寶箱》, translated into English as The Courtesan's Jewel Box by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang
    Mìng zhī bùchén, fēngchén kùncuì, fǔ dé tuōlí, yòu zāo qìjuān. [Pinyin]
    Fate must be against me. I escaped from the bitter lot of a courtesan only to be cast aside by you.

#### Derived terms

* 僕僕風塵 / 仆仆风尘
* 奔走風塵 / 奔走风尘
* 救風塵 / 救风尘
* 風塵三俠 / 风尘三侠
* 風塵僕僕 / 风尘仆仆
* 風塵勞攘 / 风尘劳攘
* 風塵外物 / 风尘外物
* 風塵女子 / 风尘女子 (fēngchén nǚzǐ)
* 風塵女郎 / 风尘女郎
* 風塵惡俗 / 风尘恶俗
* 風塵知己 / 风尘知己
* 風塵碌碌 / 风尘碌碌 (fēngchénlùlù)
* 風塵荏苒 / 风尘荏苒
* 風塵表物 / 风尘表物

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 風 | 塵 |
| ふう Grade: 2 | じん Hyōgai |
| goon ||

### Noun

風(ふう)塵(じん) • (fūjin)
* the wind-blown dust
* (literary) worldly affairs, cares of life, the turmoil of the world
    Synonym: 俗世間 (zokusekan)