# नील
## Bhojpuri
### Etymology

From Sanskrit नील (nīla).

### Noun

नील (nīl) m (Kaithi 𑂢𑂲𑂪)
* (botany) indigo

## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /niːl/

### Etymology 1

From Sanskrit नील (nīla).

#### Noun

नील • (nīl) m (Urdu spelling نیل)
* blue, indigo
* (botany) indigo

##### Declension
#### Adjective

नील • (nīl) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling نیل)
* blue

#### See also

* नीला (nīlā)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian نیل (nīl), from Arabic النِيل (an-nīl).

#### Proper noun

नील • (nīl) m (Urdu spelling نیل)
* the Nile

##### Declension
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nil]
* Phonetic Devanagari: निल्

### Adjective

नील • (nīl)
* indigo

### Numeral

नील • (nīl)
* 1e+14

### See also

Colors in Nepali · रङ्ग (raṅg) (layout · text) :
| सेतो (seto), श्वेत (śvet) | खरानी (kharānī), ध्वाँसे (dhwā̃se) | कालो (kālo) |
| रातो (rāto); सिम्रिक (simrik), गाढा रातो (gāḍhā rāto) | सुन्तला (suntalā); खैरो (khairo) | पहेंलो (pahẽlo); क्रीम (krīm) |
| कागती (kāgatī) | हरियो (hariyo) | पुदिना रङ्ग (pudinā raṅg); गाढा हरियो (gāḍhā hariyo) |
| आकाशे (ākāśe), आस्मानी (āsmānī); टील (ṭīl) | आकाशे (ākāśe) | निलो (nilo), नीलो (nīlo) |
| बैंगनी (baiṅganī); नील (nīl) | रानी (rānī); बैजनी (baijanī), बैगनी (baiganī), बैगुने (baigune) | गुलाबी (gulābī), गुलाफी (gulāphī) |

### Further reading

* “नील”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* nīla (Latin script)
* 𑀦𑀻𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* নীল (Bengali script)
* නීල (Sinhalese script)
* နီလ or နဳလ or ၼီလ (Burmese script)
* นีล or นีละ (Thai script)
* ᨶᩦᩃ (Tai Tham script)
* ນີລ or ນີລະ (Lao script)
* នីល (Khmer script)
* 𑄚𑄩𑄣 (Chakma script)

### Adjective

नील
* Devanagari script form of nīla

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* নীল (Assamese script)
* ᬦᬷᬮ (Balinese script)
* নীল (Bengali script)
* 𑰡𑰱𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀦𑀻𑀮 (Brahmi script)
* နီလ (Burmese script)
* નીલ (Gujarati script)
* ਨੀਲ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌨𑍀𑌲 (Grantha script)
* ꦤꦷꦭ (Javanese script)
* 𑂢𑂲𑂪 (Kaithi script)
* ನೀಲ (Kannada script)
* នីល (Khmer script)
* ນີລ (Lao script)
* നീല (Malayalam script)
* ᠨᡳᡳᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘡𑘲𑘩 (Modi script)
* ᠨᠢᠢᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧁𑧓𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐣𑐷𑐮 (Newa script)
* ନୀଲ (Odia script)
* ꢥꢷꢭ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆤𑆵𑆬 (Sharada script)
* 𑖡𑖱𑖩 (Siddham script)
* නීල (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩯𑩑𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚝𑚯𑚥 (Takri script)
* நீல (Tamil script)
* నీల (Telugu script)
* นีล (Thai script)
* ནཱི་ལ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒢𑒲𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨝𑨁𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *neyH- (“to lead, be excited, shine”), see also Welsh nwyfiant (“splendor, gleam”), Old Irish níab (“strength”), noíb (“holy”), Middle Irish níam (“splendor, gleam”), níamda (“shining”), Proto-Germanic *nīþą (“envy”). Also compare नयति (nayati, “to lead”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /níː.lɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /n̪iː.l̪ɐ/

### Adjective

नील • (nī́la)
* of a dark colour
** dark blue
** dark green
** black

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kalasha: níḷa
** Kashmiri: نیوٗل (nyūl)
* Magadhi Prakrit:
** Assamese: নীলা (nila)
** Bengali: নীল (nil)
** Odia: ନୀଳ (nīḷå)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀡𑀻𑀮 (ṇīla)
** Dhivehi: ނޫ (nū)
** Marathi: निळा (niḷā)
** Konkani: नीळो (nīḷô)
* Pali: nīla
** → Burmese: နီလာ (nila)
*** → Jingpho: nila
*** → Shan: ၼီႇလႃႇ (nìi làa)
** → Mon: နဳလာ
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀻𑀮 (ṇīla)
** Saurashtra: ꢥꢶꢳꣁ (niḷo)
** Hindi: नीला (nīlā)
** Urdu: نیلا (nelā)
** Nepali: निलो (nilo)
** Punjabi: ਨੀਲਾ (nīlā), نیلا (nelā)
* → Kannada: ನೀಲೀ (nīlī)
* → Malay: nila
** Indonesian: nila
** → Tagalog: nila
* → Malayalam: നീല (nīla), നീലം (nīlaṁ)
* → Middle Persian: 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nyl /⁠nīl⁠/)
** Persian: نیل (nil)
*** → Arabic: نِيل (nīl), نِيلَة (nīla), نَيْلَج (naylaj), نِيلَج (nīlaj)
**** ⇒ Cebuano: anyil
**** ⇒ English: anil
**** → Spanish: añil
**** ⇒ Irish: anail
**** → Hiligaynon: anyil
**** → Maltese: nir
**** → Portuguese: anil
* → Tamil: நீலம் (nīlam)
* → Telugu: నీలం (nīlaṁ)

### See also

Colors in Sanskrit · रङ्ग (raṅga) (layout · text) :
| श्वेत (śvetá), शुक्ल (śuklá), शुभ्र (śubhrá), धवल (dhavalá), कर्पूर (karpū́ra), गौर (gaura), | धूमल (dhūmala), धूसर (dhūsara), पलित (palitá), मलिन (malina), रजत (rajata), कपोतक (kapotaká) | कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa), काल (kāla), श्याम (śyāma), श्याव (śyāva), कज्जल (kajjala) |
| रक्त (rakta), रुधिर (rudhira), सिन्दूर (sindūra), अरुष (aruṣa), ताम्र (tāmra); रोहित (rohita), लोहित (lohita), कार्मिज (kārmija) | नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), कमल (kamala); कद्रु (kadru), बभ्रु (babhru), कपिश (kapiśa) | पीत (pīta), कषाय (kaṣāya), पिङ्गल (piṅgala); पाण्डु (pāṇḍu), हिरण्य (hiraṇya), |
| शादहरित (śā́daharita) | हरित (harita), पलाश (palāśa), शाद्वल (śādvala), मारकत (mārakata) | नील (nī́la) |
| कपोतक (kapotaká) | आकाशवर्ण (ākāśavarṇa) , राजावर्त (rājāvarta), वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya) | नील (nī́la), मेचक (mecaka), कालक (kālaka) |
| धूम्र (dhūmra); तुत्थ (tuttha) | शोण (śoṇa), नीललोहित (nīlalohita), कर्पूरगौर (karpūragaura), | पाटल (pāṭala), अरुण (aruṇa), ब्रध्न (bradhna), ब्रध्न (bradhna) |

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “नील”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 566/1.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 51
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “760”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 760
* ↑ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN