# 寄

| 寄 | U+5BC4, &#23492; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC4 |
| ← 寃 [U+5BC3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寅 → [U+5BC5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

寄 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十大一口 (JKMR), four-corner 3062$_1$, composition ⿱宀奇)

#### Derived characters

* 𪝣, 𱔓, 𡏾, 𱙪, 𫶓, 𢕗, 𫻀, 㨳, 槣, 𤨥, 𥊘, 𱶠, 𮈽, 𦗞, 𦪌, 𨄾, 𬬄

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 288, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7203
* Dae Jaweon: page 569, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 937, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5BC4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 奇 | *kral, *ɡral |
| 畸 | *kral |
| 剞 | *kral, *kralʔ |
| 羇 | *kral |
| 掎 | *kral, *kralʔ, *kʰrals |
| 攲 | *kral, *kralʔ, *kʰral |
| 躸 | *kral |
| 踦 | *kralʔ, *kʰral |
| 寄 | *krals |
| 徛 | *krals, *ɡralʔ |
| 欹 | *kʰral, *qral |
| 崎 | *kʰral, *ɡɯl |
| 觭 | *kʰral, *kʰralʔ |
| 碕 | *kʰral, *kʰralʔ, *ɡral, *ɡɯl |
| 綺 | *kʰralʔ |
| 婍 | *kʰralʔ |
| 騎 | *ɡral, *ɡrals |
| 琦 | *ɡral |
| 鵸 | *ɡral |
| 錡 | *ɡral, *ɡralʔ, *ŋɡralʔ |
| 輢 | *ɡrals, *qralʔ, *qrals |
| 齮 | *ŋɡralʔ |
| 犄 | *qral |
| 猗 | *qral, *qralʔ |
| 椅 | *qral, *qralʔ |
| 旖 | *qral, *qralʔ |
| 陭 | *qral, *qrals |
| 檹 | *qral |
| 漪 | *qral |
| 倚 | *qralʔ, *qrals |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *krals): semantic 宀 (“house”) + phonetic 奇 (OC *kral, *ɡral) ― living away from home.

### Etymology
#### "to commit to one's charge" (Lunyu), "to entrust, communicate" (Liji), > "send (a letter)"

    Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Burmese ခိုက် (hkuik, “bring”) & Mizo khai (“to give, to present”)

#### "translator, interpreter" > "an alternate name used for the Dongyi tribes during the Ming Dynasty"

    Behr (2004) proposes that 寄 (OC *krals) and its variant 羈 (OC *kral) (used by Gao You when annotating Lüshi Chunqiu) both transcribed an underlying foreign word.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jì (ji$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gei$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gei$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ki
    (Hailu, HRS): gi$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gi$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gié
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kià / kì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gia$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ci
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^4$
*** Yale: jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gei$^3$
*** Yale: gei
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gei$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: géi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ki
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gié
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kià / kì
*** Tâi-lô: kià / kì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiax, kix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kia⁴¹/, /ki⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kia¹¹/, /ki¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kia²¹/, /ki²¹/
* kià - vernacular;
* kì - literary.
* Middle Chinese: kjeH
Rime :
| Character | 寄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居義切 |
| Baxter | kjeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠiᴇ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚiɛ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiɛ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kjiə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kje$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kǐe$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kie̯$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gei$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[k](r)aj-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*krals/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 寄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kje$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.[k](r)aj-s/ |
| English | entrust to |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 寄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9984 |
| Phonetic component | 奇 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寄 |
| Old Chinese | /*krals/ |

### Definitions

寄
* to entrust (with a task)
* to depend on; to adhere to
* to live away from home
* to place (temporarily); to put; to deposit
    寄物櫃／寄物柜 ― jìwùguì ― locker
* to express or convey (one's feelings) through a medium, such as the thing one describes, composes or paints
* to transmit (an item) on behalf of another person; to send (now chiefly through mail); to post
    寄信 ― jìxìn ― to post a letter
* to use temporarily; to borrow
* to grant; to gift; to bestow
* (historical) government official in charge of translating from and into the speech of non-Chinese ethnic groups in China's east (Dongyi)
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Dá qí zhì, tōng qí yù: dōngfāng yuē jì, nánfāng yuē xiàng, xīfāng yuē dídī, běifāng yuē yì. [Pinyin]
    To make what was in their minds apprehended, and to communicate their likings and desires, (there were officers) - in the east, called transmitters; in the south, representationists; in the west, Di-dis; and in the north, interpreters.
* (historical) to send criminals into exile to the remote areas in the east, as a form of punishment
* (of a relative) not biological; adopted
* (historical) an alternate name used for the Dongyi tribes during the Ming Dynasty
* (online gaming slang) gg, defeat
* (Internet slang, by extension) to be defeated
* a surname, Ji

#### Synonyms

* (to entrust):
* 交仗 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 付託 / 付托 (fùtuō)
* 勞慰 / 劳慰 (nao$^2$ wei$^4$) (Sichuanese, polite)
* 勞累 / 劳累 (láolèi) (polite)
* 囑託 / 嘱托 (zhǔtuō)
* 委託 / 委托 (wěituō)
* 寄託 / 寄托 (jìtuō)
* 打擾 / 打扰 (dǎrǎo) (polite)
* 拜託 / 拜托 (bàituō) (polite)
* 煩 / 烦 (fán) (polite)
* 相煩 / 相烦 (xiāngfán) (polite)
* 託付 / 托付 (tuōfù)
* 託管 / 托管 (tuōguǎn)
* 辛苦 (xīnkǔ) (polite)
* 麻煩 / 麻烦 (máfan) (polite)
* 齪嘈 / 龊嘈 (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* (to depend on):
* 仗恃 (zhàngshì) (literary, chiefly derogatory)
* 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng)
* 仰賴 / 仰赖 (yǎnglài)
* 依 (yī)
* 依仗 (yīzhàng)
* 依倚 (Hokkien)
* 依恃 (yīshì) (literary)
* 依歸 / 依归 (yīguī) (literary)
* 依託 / 依托 (yītuō)
* 依賴 / 依赖 (yīlài)
* 依附 (yīfù)
* 依靠 (yīkào)
* 倚仗 (yǐzhàng)
* 倚倚 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 借助 (jièzhù)
* 倚賴 / 倚赖 (yǐlài)
* 倚靠 (yǐkào)
* 展品棒 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 怙恃 (hùshì) (literary)
* 憑 / 凭 (píng)
* 憑仗 / 凭仗 (píngzhàng)
* 憑依 / 凭依 (píngyī)
* 憑借 / 凭借 (píngjiè)
* 憑恃 / 凭恃 (píngshì)
* 憑靠 / 凭靠 (píngkào)
* 指 (zhǐ)
* 據 / 据
* 歸依 / 归依 (guīyī) (literary)
* 聊 (liáo) (formal)
* 賴 / 赖 (lài) (literary, or in compounds only)

### Compounds

* 人生如寄
* 劉寄奴 / 刘寄奴 (liújìnú)
* 單主寄生 / 单主寄生
* 多蒙寄聲 / 多蒙寄声
* 如寄
* 客寄
* 家庭寄養 / 家庭寄养 (jiātíng jìyǎng)
* 寄下
* 寄主 (jìzhǔ)
* 寄乳 (jìrǔ)
* 寄予 (jìyǔ)
* 寄人籬下 / 寄人篱下 (jìrénlíxià)
* 寄信 (jìxìn)
* 寄傲
* 寄名
* 寄命
* 寄售
* 寄存 (jìcún)
* 寄宿 (jìsù)
* 寄宿學校 / 寄宿学校 (jìsù xuéxiào)
* 寄宿生 (jìsùshēng)
* 寄寓 (jìyù)
* 寄居 (jìjū)
* 寄居蟹 (jìjūxiè)
* 寄怨
* 寄情 (jìqíng)
* 寄意 (jìyì)
* 寄懷 / 寄怀
* 寄押
* 寄放 (jìfàng)
* 寄書 / 寄书 (jìshū)
* 寄書郵 / 寄书邮
* 寄望 (jìwàng)
* 寄柩
* 寄款
* 寄母 (jìmǔ)
* 寄父 (jìfù)
* 寄生 (jìshēng)
* 寄生動物 / 寄生动物
* 寄生昆蟲 / 寄生昆虫
* 寄生植物
* 寄生火山
* 寄生物 (jìshēngwù)
* 寄生菌
* 寄生蜂 (jìshēngfēng)
* 寄生蟲 / 寄生虫 (jìshēngchóng)
* 寄生蟲病 / 寄生虫病
* 寄生蠅 / 寄生蝇
* 寄發 / 寄发
* 寄監 / 寄监
* 寄碇
* 寄籍 (jìjí)
* 寄聲 / 寄声
* 寄興 / 寄兴
* 寄託 / 寄托 (jìtuō)
* 寄語 / 寄语 (jìyǔ)
* 寄費 / 寄费
* 寄賣 / 寄卖
* 寄跡 / 寄迹
* 寄身
* 寄遞 / 寄递
* 寄附鋪 / 寄附铺
* 寄頓 / 寄顿
* 寄顏無所 / 寄颜无所
* 寄食 (jìshí)
* 寄養 / 寄养 (jìyǎng)
* 寄養之家 / 寄养之家
* 戎寄
* 投寄
* 暢寄 / 畅寄
* 朝寄
* 柱石之寄
* 槲寄生 (hújìshēng)
* 浮生如寄
* 浮生若寄
* 生寄死歸 / 生寄死归
* 總包寄遞 / 总包寄递
* 萍寄
* 託孤寄命 / 托孤寄命
* 詭寄 / 诡寄
* 身寄虎吻
* 郵寄 / 邮寄 (yóujì)
* 郵寄炸彈 / 邮寄炸弹
* 酈寄賣友 / 郦寄卖友
* 重寄 (chóngjì)
* 閫寄 / 阃寄

### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: gửi

### Further reading

* “寄”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* to contribute, to donate
* to call on
* to lodge at somebody else's house
* to be dependent on somebody
* to increase, to gain
* to draw near
* to send away

#### Readings

* Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
* Kun: よる (yoru, 寄る, Jōyō)、より (yori, 寄り)、よせる (yoseru, 寄せる, Jōyō)、よせ (yose, 寄)、よそる (yosoru, 寄る)、よそう (yosou, 寄う)、よそえる (yosoeru, 寄える)、よさる (yosaru, 寄さる)、よさす (yosasu, 寄さす)

#### Compounds

* 寄(き)付(ふ) (kifu, “donation”)
* 寄(き)贈(ぞう) (kizō, “donation”)
* 寄(き)生(せい) (kisei)
* 寄(き)与(よ) (kiyo)
* 寄(よせ)席(せき) (yoseseki)
* 寄(より)道(みち) (yorimichi)
* 年(とし)寄(より) (toshiyori)

## Korean
### Hanja

寄 (eumhun 부칠 기 (buchil gi))
* hanja form of 기 (“send, transmit, mail”)
* hanja form of 기 (“rely on”)

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* Kun: ゆしーるん (yushīrun, 寄しーるん)

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ゆしーん (yushīn, 寄しーん)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

寄: Hán Nôm readings: kí, gửi, ké, kẹ, ký
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Yaeyama
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* Kun: ゆしぃるん (yusïrun, 寄しぃるん)