# 肖

| 肖 | U+8096, &#32918; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8096 |
| ← 肕 [U+8095] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 肗 → [U+8097] |

## Translingual
### Han character

肖 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 火月 (FB), four-corner 9022$_7$, composition ⿱⺌月(GHJ) or ⿱⺌⺼(T) or ⿱小月(K))

#### Derived characters

* 俏 哨 娋 峭 帩 弰 悄 捎 旓 梢 消 焇 琑 睄 矟 硝 稍 䇌 綃(绡) 䏴 艄 蛸 䘯 誚(诮) 踃 輎 銷(销) 陗 䨭 鞘 韒 鮹(𱇯) 䴛 趙(赵) 逍 颵 魈 削 㲖 痟 㲵 宵 筲 莦 霄 髾 屑 𡌔 𡯩 𢓮 𣆺 𤙜 𤞚 𤫾 𥙬 𥹶 𦓴 𧣪 𧳍 𧶈 𨡀 𩛱 𩡈 𩩓 𪌯 𪑊 𪘞 𣭱 𢼼 𤿨 𦐺 𨛍 𩠦 𪁎 𢈭 𦚍 𡜽 𬳘 𮆂 𮝥

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 973, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29263
* Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2045, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8096

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 肖 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slew, *slews): phonetic 小 (OC *smewʔ) + semantic 肉 (“meat”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiào (xiao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): seu
    (Hailu, HRS): siau$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sáiu / siéu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siao$^6$ / siou$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siào
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^4$
*** Yale: syàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ciu$^3$
*** Yale: chiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːu̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: seu
*** Hakka Romanization System: seu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: seu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /seu̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: siau$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /siau¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xiau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /siau⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sáiu / siéu
*** Sinological IPA : /sɑu²¹³/, /siɛu²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^4$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sa̤̍u
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàu
*** Tâi-lô: siàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaux
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siao$^6$ / siou$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siău / siŏu
*** Sinological IPA : /siau³⁵/, /siou³⁵/
* siao6 - Shantou;
* siou6 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: sjewH
Rime :
| Character | 肖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 私妙切 |
| Baxter | sjewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /siaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /siɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*slews/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 肖 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjew$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ew-s/ |
| English | resemble |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 肖 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 13755 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𥬇 |
| Old Chinese | /*slews/ |
| Notes | 從肉小會消瘠意， 小非聲，與後起從肉肖聲翟聲字同源 |

#### Definitions

肖
* to resemble
    不肖 ― bùxiào ― unworthy (literally, “to not resemble (one's parents)”)
* to imitate
    肖像 ― xiàoxiàng ― portrait
* (dialectal) to be born in the year of (one of the twelve animals)
* (rare) a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 屬 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 屬 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 屬 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 屬 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 屬 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 屬 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 屬 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屬 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 肖 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 肖 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 肖 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 肖 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 肖 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 肖 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 肖 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 肖 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 相 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 相 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 相 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 相 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 相 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 相 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 相 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 席 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 肖 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 肖 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 肖, 屬 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 似 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 像 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 像 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 像 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 像 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 像 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 像 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 像 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 像 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 像 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 似 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 似 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 似 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 似 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 像 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 像 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 像 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 像 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 像 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 像 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 像 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 像 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 像 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 像 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 像 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 像 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 像 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 像 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 像 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 𫝛, macam |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 然 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 然 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 然, 肖 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 肖 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 然, macam |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 然, macam |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 像 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 像 |
| Wu | Danyang | 像 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 像, 像人家, 像家 |

#### Compounds

* 不肖 (bùxiào)
* 不肖之徒
* 不肖子 (bùxiàozǐ)
* 不肖子孫 / 不肖子孙 (bùxiào zǐsūn)
* 努瓦克肖特 (Nǔwǎkèxiàotè)
* 十二生肖 (shí'èr shēngxiào)
* 吾宗肖 (Wúzōngxiào)
* 唯妙唯肖
* 摹肖
* 生肖
* 畢肖 / 毕肖 (bìxiào)
* 維妙維肖 / 维妙维肖 (wéimiàowéixiào)
* 肖似
* 肖像 (xiàoxiàng)
* 肖子 (xiàozǐ)
* 肖屬 / 肖属
* 肖翹 / 肖翘 (xiàoqiáo)
* 趙不肖 / 赵不肖
* 逼肖 (bīxiào)
* 酷肖

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew/
    (Zhengzhang): /*slew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 肖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiāo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjew › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ew/ |
| English | disappear |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 肖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 13754 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宵 |
| Old Chinese | /*slew/ |
| Notes | 見莊子史記 |

#### Definitions

肖
* (obsolete) to decline; to wane

### Etymology 3

Second round simplified form of 蕭／萧 (xiāo).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siao$^1$ / siou$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$
*** Yale: sīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xiau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /siau⁴⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sa̤u
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
*** Tâi-lô: siau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siao$^1$ / siou$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau / siou
*** Sinological IPA : /siau³³/, /siou³³/
* siao1 - Shantou;
* siou1 - Chaozhou.

#### Definitions

肖
* a surname
    肖戰／肖战 ― Xiāo Zhàn ― Xiao Zhan

##### Usage notes

The surnames 肖 and 蕭／萧 (xiāo) were originally distinct, and 肖 was a rare surname. In Mainland China, 蕭／萧 was simplified to 肖 in the second round of Chinese character simplification promulgated in 1977. Though the second round of simplification was officially rescinded in 1986, many individuals in Mainland China originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo) but had their surname simplified to 肖 did not change their surname back to 蕭／萧 (Xiāo). Most individuals who bear the surname 肖 (Xiāo) now were in fact originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo) or descended from individuals originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo).

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 肖 – see 蕭. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蕭).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 肖 |
| Kyūjitai | 肖󠄁 肖+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 肖󠄃 肖+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* resemble
* imitate

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kun: にる (niru, 肖る)、かたどる (katadoru, 肖る)、あやかる (ayakaru, 肖る)
* Nanori: あえ (ae)、あゆ (ayu)、あれ (are)、すえ (sue)、たか (taka)、のり (nori)、ゆき (yuki)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 肖
* しょう Grade: S
* on'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕo̞ː]

#### Affix

肖(しょう) • (shō)
* image; likeness

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 肖
* に Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 肖 – see the following entry. :
| 【似に】5 | [verb] 肖: imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of 似る (niru) [ichidan] |
(This term, 肖, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ “肖”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

肖 • (cho, so) (hangeul 초, 소, revised cho, so, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, so, Yale cho, so)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

肖: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu, tiếu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.