# diabolus
## English
### Etymology

From Latin diabolus. Doublet of devil, diable, and diablo.

### Noun

diabolus (plural diaboluses)
* (music) Synonym of tritone

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* diabulus, zabulus, zabolus (phonetic spellings)
* Diabolus, Zabolus, Zabulus (when used as a proper noun)

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “slanderer”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /diˈa.bo.lus/, [d̪iˈäbɔɫ̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /diˈa.bo.lus/, [d̪iˈäːbolus]
* Note: the three root vowels are phonemically short, but all are found lengthened in verse in order to fit the metre.

### Noun

diabolus m (genitive diabolī); second declension
* devil

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* advocātus diabolī
* diabolicus

#### Descendants

(probably all semi-learned)
* Dalmatian:
** diaul
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: diavolo
** Neapolitan: diàvolo, diàvoro, riàvolo, riàbolo, diaulo, tiaolo
** Sicilian: diàvulu, riàvulu
* North Italian:
** Emilian: dièvol, diavo, diàvel, dièval
** Friulian: diaul
** Ligurian: diâo, diâvo
** Lombard: diaul, deàul
    Eastern Lombard: giaul
** Piedmontese: diau, dièu, diavo
** Romagnol: geàvol, gevle, dièval
** Romansch: diavel
** Venetan: diavoło, diol, diauło, diaolo, diaoło, diaol, dial
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: diâblo
** Old French: deable, diable
*** Middle French: diable, Diable (proper noun), dyable
**** French: diable, yiable (Canada)
***** Haitian Creole: dyab
***** → English: diable, diablo
***** Chinook Jargon: le diaub
**** Norman: dgiâbl'ye (Jersey), diablle (France)
*** Walloon: diale
* Occitano-Romance:
** Aragonese: diaple
    Ribagorçan: diaplle
** Catalan: diable
** Old Occitan: diable, diabol
*** Occitan: diable (all dialects)
    Nord-Occitan: diablhe
* West Iberian:
** Asturian: diablu ⇒ diañu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: diaboo, diabre, diabo, diabro, diablo, diabre
*** Galician: diaño, deño, diallo, dianllo
*** Portuguese: diabo, diá, diabro, diacho, dianho, dienho
**** Kadiwéu: diaabo
** Old Spanish: diablo, diabolo (very early Old Spanish, 10th century)
*** Ladino: diavlo
*** Spanish: diablo, diaulo (Chile, colloquial, rare)
**** → English: diablo
**** → Tagalog: diyablo
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: diàbulu, diàulu, diàvulu
* → Albanian: djall
* → Proto-Basque: *deabulu
** Basque: *deaburu, deabru
* → Belarusian: д’я́бал (dʺjábal)
* → Proto-Brythonic: *diaβul (see there for further descendants)
* → English: diabolus
* → Proto-West Germanic: *diubul (see there for further descendants)
* → Hawaiian: diabolo
* → Old Irish: díabul (see there for further descendants)
* → Old Norse: djǫfull (see there for further descendants)
* → Macedonian: ѓавол (ǵavol)
* → Malagasy: devoly
* → Old Czech: diábel (learned) (see there for further descendants)
* → Slovak: diabol

### References

* “diabolus” in volume 5, part 1, column 940, line 65 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
* ↑ Peter Christian Jacobsen and Peter Orth (2020 June 14) “Materialien zu einem Lexikon der irregulären lateinischen Prosodie”, in www.mgh.de‎ (in German)

### Further reading

* “diabolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "diabolus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* diabolus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.