# 漚

| 漚 | U+6F1A, &#28442; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F1A |
| ← 漙 [U+6F19] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 漛 → [U+6F1B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

漚 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水尸口口 (ESRR), four-corner 3111$_6$, composition ⿰氵區)

#### Related characters

* 沤 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 646, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18139
* Dae Jaweon: page 1055, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1719, character 3
* Unihan data for U+6F1A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 漚 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 摳 | *kʰoː, *kʰo |
| 彄 | *kʰoː |
| 剾 | *kʰoː, *qoː |
| 謳 | *qoː |
| 歐 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 區 | *qoː, *kʰo |
| 鷗 | *qoː |
| 甌 | *qoː |
| 漚 | *qoː, *qoːs |
| 瞘 | *qoː |
| 嘔 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 櫙 | *qoː |
| 膒 | *qoː |
| 蓲 | *qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos |
| 醧 | *qoː, *qas |
| 鏂 | *qoː |
| 毆 | *qoːʔ |
| 塸 | *qoːʔ |
| 貙 | *kʰl'o |
| 樞 | *kʰjo |
| 驅 | *kʰo, *kʰos |
| 軀 | *kʰo |
| 嶇 | *kʰo |
| 鰸 | *kʰo |
| 敺 | *kʰo |
| 傴 | *qoʔ |
| 嫗 | *qos |
| 饇 | *qos |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): òu (ou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): au$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): au / áu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: òu
*** Zhuyin: ㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: òu
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^4$
*** Yale: òu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ow
*** Palladius: оу (ou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: au$^3$
*** Yale: au
*** Cantonese Pinyin: au$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐu̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
*** Tâi-lô: au
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: áu
*** Tâi-lô: áu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ao
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /au⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: 'uwH
Rime :
| Character | 漚 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏候切 |
| Baxter | 'uwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /əu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | òu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | au$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漚 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 10600 |
| Phonetic component | 區 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 漚 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoːs/ |

#### Definitions

漚
* to soak for a prolonged period of time; to steep
* (dialectal) to suppress one's feelings for a long time
* (Cantonese) to let to ferment or deteriorate for a prolonged period of time
* (Cantonese) to develop, incubate or grow (something that is bad)
    漚雨／沤雨 [Cantonese] ― au$^3$ jyu$^5$ [Jyutping] ― to have rain soon to occur
    漚菇／沤菇 [Cantonese] ― au$^3$ gu$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to have mushrooms grow
* (Hokkien) to crumple; to wrinkle (usually clothes)
* (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pile up together; to heap in a jumble (such as for cooking or compost or laundry)
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, gambling) to stake bets with the money won and earned in the match to get double or even more
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to stake all capital in hopes of recouping what has been invested

##### Compounds

* 漚肥 / 沤肥 (òuféi)
* 漚雨 / 沤雨
* 漚鬱 / 沤郁
* 漚鹹菜 / 沤咸菜
* 漚麻 / 沤麻
* 蒸漚歷瀾 / 蒸沤历澜

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ōu (ou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄡ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): au$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ou
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^1$
*** Yale: ōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
*** Palladius: оу (ou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: au$^1$
*** Yale: āu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: au$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'uw
Rime :
| Character | 漚 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏侯切 |
| Baxter | 'uw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔu/ |
| Wang Li | /əu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | au$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漚 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 10587 |
| Phonetic component | 區 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 謳 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoː/ |

#### Definitions

漚
* foam; froth
* Alternative form of 鷗 / 鸥 (ōu)
* (～江) name of river

##### Compounds

* 如海一漚 / 如海一沤
* 水上漚 / 水上沤
* 浮漚 / 浮沤
* 漚子 / 沤子
* 漚籃 / 沤篮

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àu
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àu
*** Tâi-lô: àu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aux
*** IPA (Taipei): /au¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /au⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /au²¹/

#### Definitions

漚
* (Hokkien) bad; putrid; foul (smell)
* (Hokkien) bad; rotten; spoiled; decaying (food)
* (Hokkien) bad; poor; rotten; despicable; shoddy; inferior; substandard (quality, character, means, facial expression, etc.)
* (Hokkien) bad; gloomy; murky; turbid; muddy (color)

##### Compounds

* 漚人 / 沤人
* 漚名 / 沤名
* 漚客 / 沤客
* 漚屎 / 沤屎
* 漚屎步 / 沤屎步
* 漚屎面 / 沤屎面
* 漚搭 / 沤搭
* 漚摃 / 沤𫼱
* 漚柴 / 沤柴
* 漚查某 / 沤查某
* 漚桶 / 沤桶
* 漚梨仔 / 沤梨仔
* 漚步 / 沤步
* 漚潲 / 沤潲
* 漚肉 / 沤肉
* 漚脓
* 漚臭 / 沤臭
* 漚色 / 沤色
* 漚行 / 沤行
* 漚貨 / 沤货
* 漚轆 / 沤辘
* 漚風 / 沤风
* 漚風味 / 沤风味

### References

* “漚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

### Further reading

* “漚”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to soak; to steep
* sodden; soaked

#### Readings

* Go-on: う (u)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)
* Kun: ひたす (hitasu, 漚す)

## Korean
### Hanja

漚 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
* to soak
* fragrance
* foam, bubble

## Vietnamese
### Han character

漚: Hán Nôm readings: âu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation