# tibia
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia (“shin bone, leg”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɪbiə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪbiə

### Noun

tibia (plural tibias or tibiae)
* (anatomy) The inner and usually the larger of the two bones of the leg or hind limb below the knee, the shinbone
* (entomology) The second segment from the end of an insect's leg, between the femur and tarsus.
* (arachnology) The third segment from the end of an arachnid's leg, between the patella and metatarsus.
* A musical instrument of the flute kind, originally made of the leg bone of an animal.
** 1975, Francis M. Collinson, The bagpipe: the history of a musical instrument, page 188:The musician on the left is playing the zampogna, a bagpipe with two chanters and two drones. The zampogna is thought to be the bag-provided descendant of the ancient mouth-blown divergent pipes of the Romans, known as the tibia.

#### Synonyms

    The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
* bone flute
* shin
* shinbone, shin bone

#### Derived terms

* tibia valga
* tibia vara
* tibial

#### Translations
### References

* “tibia”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Basque
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tibia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tibia/ [t̪i.β̞i.a]
* Rhymes: -ia, -a
* Hyphenation: ti‧bi‧a

### Noun

tibia inan
* shin, shinbone

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tibia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia. Compare the inherited doublet tige.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ti.bja/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

tibia m (plural tibias)
* shin
* tibia, shinbone

#### Derived terms

* protège-tibia

### Further reading

* “tibia”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Etymology

Attested since 1409 (tiva). Learned borrowing from Latin tībia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtiβjɐ]

### Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)
* (anatomy) tibia, shinbone
* (archaic) shin
** 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 97:nota que a dita enfirmidade non enpeeçe aos potros mais prestalles porque daqesto engrosam as tiuas por llos homores que se uoluen aas coixasnote that this sickness is not detrimental for the foals, but it benefits them because the shins swell because of the humors that return to the thighs

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “tiua”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “tibia”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tībia.

### Noun

tibia f (plural tibie)
* (anatomy, zoology) tibia, shinbone
* (music) an early wind instrument

#### Derived terms

* tibiale

### Anagrams

* abiti, baiti

## Latin
### Etymology

Meaning may have evolved from "stalk, reed pipe" to shinbone, the latter being used by Pliny and later authors; flutes were originally made from shinbones. Possibly connected to Ancient Greek σίφων (síphōn, “siphon, tube”), the irregular forms suggesting a non-Indo-European loan or substrate source, perhaps in *twi-. There are no solid IE cognates outside of the Greek word.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtiː.bi.a/, [ˈt̪iːbiä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈti.bi.a/, [ˈt̪iːbiä]

### Noun

tībia f (genitive tībiae); first declension
* (anatomy) the large shin bone, tibia; leg
* (figuratively) a pipe, flute (originally of bone)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* tībiālis
* tībiārius
* tībīcen
* tībinus

#### Related terms

* tībīcina
* tībīcinium
* tībīcinō

#### Descendants

* French: tige
** → Catalan: tija
* Piedmontese: tija
* Borrowings:
** → Catalan: tíbia
** → English: tibia
** → French: tibia
** → Italian: tibia
** → Polish: tibia
** → Portuguese: tíbia
** → Romanian: tibia
** → Spanish: tibia

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “tībia”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 619

### Further reading

* “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “tibia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "tibia", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* tibia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. instrumental music: nervorum et tibiarum cantus to play the flute: tibias inflare to play the flute: tibiis or tibiā canere to sing to a flute accompaniment: ad tibiam or ad tibicinem canere
* “tibia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “tibia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French, Latin tībia.

### Noun

tibia f (plural tibii)
* tibia, shinbone
    Synonym: (popular) fluier

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtibja/ [ˈt̪i.β̞ja]
* Rhymes: -ibja
* Syllabification: ti‧bia

### Etymology 1

From Latin tepida.

#### Adjective

tibia
* feminine singular of tibio

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin tibia.

#### Noun

tibia f (plural tibias)
* (anatomy) tibia, shinbone

##### Related terms

* peroné
* ulna

### Further reading

* “tibia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10