# 春

| 春 | U+6625, &#26149; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6625 |
| ← 昤 [U+6624] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 昦 → [U+6626] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

There are minor differences in where the last stroke of the top component (top-left to bottom-right diagonal) starts – on the second horizontal stroke or on the third.

### Han character

春 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大日 (QKA), four-corner 5060$_3$, composition ⿱𡗗日)

#### Usage notes

* This character is not to be confused with 舂 (U+8202) which is visually similar but unrelated.

#### Derived characters

* 偆, 㖺, 堾, 媋, 𢝣, 湷, 𬌸, 𬯌, 暙, 䐏, 椿, 瑃, 𨕌, 㿤, 睶, 𬓉, 𮄵, 蝽, 賰(䞐), 踳, 𨩃, 䮞(𩨁), 鰆(䲠), 𪂹, 𠝩, 萶, 箺, 䦮, 𩄄, 鬊, 惷, 𣕮, 𭾇, 𪃣, 蠢, 𩯥

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 493, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13844
* Dae Jaweon: page 856, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1496, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6625

## Chinese

* 春 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese)
* 春 (Cantonese)
* 春 (Classical)
* chhun (Southern Min)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 春 :
| Shang | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 躉 | *tuːnʔ |
| 窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
| 沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
| 頓 | *tuːns |
| 扽 | *tuːns |
| 黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
| 屯 | *duːn, *tun |
| 飩 | *duːn |
| 豘 | *duːn |
| 軘 | *duːn |
| 坉 | *duːn |
| 邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
| 忳 | *duːn |
| 芚 | *duːn |
| 庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 囤 | *duːnʔ |
| 迍 | *tun |
| 杶 | *tʰun |
| 瑃 | *tʰun |
| 椿 | *tʰun |
| 偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
| 肫 | *tjun |
| 訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
| 春 | *tʰjun |
| 蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 蒓 | *djun |
| 賰 | *hljunʔ |
| 鬊 | *hljuns |
Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰjun): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun, “sprout”) + semantic 日 (“sun”). However, the sprout as a phonetic component can be another reference to plants growing. The sun was added later, thus leading to the intermediate version 萅. Eventually, 艸 and 屯 merged into 𡗗.
The character 春 itself is probably a variant of 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun) as they are equivalent for the meaning “spring” in Old Chinese literature. Unrelated to 泰.

### Etymology 1

Schuessler (2007) relates it to 芚 (OC *duːn, “(of plants) to begin to grow”); he also compares it Khmer ដុះ (doh, “to grow; to germinate; to sprout”), as well as 穿 (OC *kʰljon, *kʰljons, “to bore through”) (ibid.).
Sagart (2023b) relates it to a vulgar (i.e. ignoble and popular) word which means "egg", which lacked a character, whose modern reflexes are Meixian Hakka 春 (cun$^1$, “egg, roe”), Sixian Hakka 春 (chhûn), and Cantonese 春 (ceon$^1$, “egg, roe; testicle”) (IPA: /t͡ʃʰɵn⁵⁵/); and for which he further reconstructs Old Chinese *tʰu[n] ~ *tʰu[r]. He further relates OC *tʰu[n] ~ *tʰu[r] to Bodo (India) dəy, Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *ʔdejᴮ, from tentative Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tʰur, (STEDT, however, reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əy (“egg, testicle”)) and notes a connection between "eggs" and Chinese new year season, as birds generally nest and lay eggs in the warmer months in the north .

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): chūn (chun$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cun$^1$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чун (čun, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ceon$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cun$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): cun$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhûn
    (Hailu, HRS): chun$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cun$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): cung$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): ché̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): chŭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cong$^1$ / cuong$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cung$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tshen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qyn$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chun
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^1$
*** Yale: chwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuen
*** Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: cun$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cun
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuən⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чун (čun, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceon$^1$
*** Yale: chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰun³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰun⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn
*** Hakka Romanization System: cun$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chun$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰun⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: cung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ché̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cong$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheong
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cuong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuoŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun
*** Tâi-lô: tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhwn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cung$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshung
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tshen
*** MiniDict: tshen$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tshen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: qyn$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰyn³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit春 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/ /t͡sʰuən²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuẽ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fʰẽ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fʰə̃n³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕʰyn⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sʰuən⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sʰuen⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰun³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʰuŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰũŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰəŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sʰən⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sʰz̩ʷen³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰoŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰyʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰyan¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰyn³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰyn³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰun⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃʰun²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰøn⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵/ /t͡sʰyn⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sʰøn⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰun⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰuŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰuŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /sun²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsyhwin
Rime :
| Character | 春 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 昌脣切 |
| Baxter | tsyhwin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰjuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰwin/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ceon$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰun/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjun/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 春 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chūn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyhwin › |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰun/ |
| English | springtime |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 春 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12573 |
| Phonetic component | 屯 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 春 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰjun/ |
| Notes | 說文從艸從日屯聲， 實屯繁化轉註字 |

#### Definitions

春
* spring (season)
    春天 ― chūntiān ― spring
    四季如春 ― sìjìrúchūn ― to experience a moderate and pleasant climate throughout the year
    From: 8th century, Li Bai, 月下獨酌
    Zàn bàn yuè jiāng yǐng, xínglè xū jí chūn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (literary) year; age
    From: 3rd century, Cao Zhi, 雜詩·西北有織婦
    Qièshēn shǒu kōngguī, liángrén xíng cóngjūn. Zì qī sān nián guī, jīn yǐ lì jiǔ chūn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* spring scenery
* vitality; liveliness; energy; life
    妙手回春 ― miàoshǒuhuíchūn ― to effect a miraculous cure and bring the dying back to life
* love; lust
    春情 ― chūnqíng ― amorous feelings
    思春期 ― sīchūnqī ― puberty
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yǒu nǚ huái chūn, jíshì yòu zhī. [Pinyin]
    There is a young lady with thoughts natural to the spring, And a fine gentleman would lead her astray.
* a type of alcoholic drink which is fermented from spring to winter

##### See also

Seasons in Mandarin · 四季 (sìjì, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category :
| 春 (chūn, “spring”) | 夏 (xià, “summer”) | 秋 (qiū, “fall; autumn”) | 冬 (dōng, “winter”) |

#### Usage notes

In Chinese culture, upside-down 春 is often used on CNY decorations and symbolizes the arrival of spring after a homophonic pun: 春倒 (dào, “inverted”) = 春到 (dào, “to arrive”).

#### Compounds

* 一場春夢 / 一场春梦
* 一枝春
* 三春 (sānchūn)
* 三春暉 / 三春晖 (sānchūnhuī)
* 三春柳
* 不勝春 / 不胜春
* 中國之春 / 中国之春
* 九春
* 付之春夢 / 付之春梦
* 仲春
* 偷春
* 做春夢 / 做春梦
* 偷春體 / 偷春体
* 兩頭春 / 两头春
* 八月春
* 初春 (chūchūn)
* 剪春羅 / 剪春罗
* 化雨春風 / 化雨春风 (huàyǔchūnfēng)
* 北京之春
* 口角春風 / 口角春风
* 呂氏春秋 / 吕氏春秋 (Lǚshìchūnqiū)
* 吳越春秋 / 吴越春秋
* 咬春
* 四季如春 (sìjìrúchūn)
* 回復青春 / 回复青春
* 回春 (huíchūn)
* 回春作用
* 坐春風 / 坐春风
* 夜春
* 大地回春 (dàdìhuíchūn)
* 大春
* 大春元
* 如坐春風 / 如坐春风
* 如沐春風 / 如沐春风 (rúmùchūnfēng)
* 妙手回春 (miàoshǒuhuíchūn)
* 嬌若春花 / 娇若春花
* 子春之疾
* 孟春
* 季春 (jìchūn)
* 宜春 (Yíchūn)
* 宜春帖
* 宜春縣 / 宜春县
* 富春秋
* 寒木春華 / 寒木春华
* 寸草春暉 / 寸草春晖
* 小春 (xiǎochūn)
* 小陽春 / 小阳春 (xiǎoyángchūn)
* 左氏春秋
* 常春藤 (chángchūnténg)
* 常遇春
* 幾度春風 / 几度春风
* 恆春半島 / 恒春半岛 (Héngchūn Bàndǎo)
* 恆春鎮 / 恒春镇
* 悲秋傷春 / 悲秋伤春
* 憐春 / 怜春
* 懷春 / 怀春 (huáichūn)
* 戰地春夢 / 战地春梦
* 手到回春
* 打春 (Dǎchūn)
* 拜春
* 探春
* 探春之宴
* 揮春 / 挥春
* 摸春牛
* 放春
* 新春 (xīnchūn)
* 早春 (zǎochūn)
* 春上 (chūnshang)
* 春不老
* 春丕峽 / 春丕峡
* 春事
* 春事闌珊 / 春事阑珊
* 春令 (chūnlìng)
* 春作
* 春來秋去 / 春来秋去
* 春信
* 春假 (chūnjià)
* 春元演習 / 春元演习
* 春光 (chūnguāng)
* 春光如海
* 春光明媚 (chūnguāngmíngmèi)
* 春光漏泄
* 春光融融
* 春冰 (chūnbīng)
* 春凳
* 春分 (Chūnfēn)
* 春分點 / 春分点
* 春勝 / 春胜
* 春化 (chūnhuà)
* 春化作用
* 春化處理 / 春化处理
* 春去秋來 / 春去秋来
* 春和景明 (chūnhéjǐngmíng)
* 春回大地 (chūnhuídàdì)
* 春困
* 春困秋乏
* 春夢 / 春梦 (chūnmèng)
* 春夢一場 / 春梦一场
* 春夢婆 / 春梦婆
* 春夢無痕 / 春梦无痕
* 春大麥 / 春大麦
* 春天 (chūntiān)
* 春季 (chūnjì)
* 春官
* 春宵
* 春宮 / 春宫 (chūngōng)
* 春宮圖 / 春宫图 (chūngōngtú)
* 春宵苦短
* 春寒
* 春寒料峭
* 春小麥 / 春小麦
* 春山 (chūnshān)
* 春山八字
* 春山如笑
* 春心 (chūnxīn)
* 春心蕩漾 / 春心荡漾
* 春心飛絮 / 春心飞絮
* 春忙
* 春思
* 春情 (chūnqíng)
* 春意 (chūnyì)
* 春意闌珊 / 春意阑珊 (chūnyìlánshān)
* 春捂秋凍 / 春捂秋冻
* 春捲 / 春卷 (chūnjuǎn)
* 春捲兒 / 春卷儿 (chūnjuǎnr)
* 春捲皮 / 春卷皮
* 春播 (chūnbō)
* 春方 (chūnfāng)
* 春旛
* 春日 (chūnrì)
* 春日遲遲 / 春日迟迟
* 春旱
* 春明
* 春景 (chūnjǐng)
* 春暉 / 春晖 (chūnhuī)
* 春暖花開 / 春暖花开 (chūnnuǎnhuākāi)
* 春暖花香
* 春曉 / 春晓 (chūnxiǎo)
* 春書 / 春书
* 春月 (chūnyuè)
* 春服 (chūnfú)
* 春望
* 春林
* 春條兒 / 春条儿
* 春榮 / 春荣
* 春榜
* 春樹暮雲 / 春树暮云
* 春歸 / 春归
* 春歸人老 / 春归人老
* 春氣 / 春气
* 春水 (chūnshuǐ)
* 春汛
* 春消息
* 春深似海
* 春游 (chūnyóu)
* 春滿人間 / 春满人间
* 春潮
* 春灌
* 春牛
* 春牛圖 / 春牛图
* 春生秋殺 / 春生秋杀
* 春申君
* 春申江 (Chūnshēnjiāng)
* 春畫 / 春画 (chūnhuà)
* 春畫兒 / 春画儿
* 春瘟
* 春盛擔子 / 春盛担子 (chūnshèng dànzi)
* 春盛食罍
* 春盤 / 春盘
* 春社 (chūnshè)
* 春祈秋報 / 春祈秋报
* 春祭 (chūnjì)
* 春禊
* 春秋 (chūnqiū)
* 春秋三傳 / 春秋三传 (Chūnqiū Sānzhuàn)
* 春秋五霸
* 春秋兒 / 春秋儿
* 春秋大夢 / 春秋大梦 (chūnqiūdàmèng)
* 春秋幾何 / 春秋几何
* 春秋日高
* 春秋榜
* 春秋筆削 / 春秋笔削
* 春秋筆法 / 春秋笔法 (Chūnqiū bǐfǎ)
* 春秋繁露
* 春秋衫
* 春秋配
* 春秋鼎盛 (chūnqiūdǐngshèng)
* 春種 / 春种
* 春筍 / 春笋 (chūnsǔn)
* 春筍怒發 / 春笋怒发
* 春節 / 春节 (chūnjié)
* 春紅 / 春红
* 春綢 / 春绸
* 春纖 / 春纤
* 春耕 (chūngēng)
* 春聯 / 春联 (chūnlián)
* 春聯兒 / 春联儿
* 春肥
* 春臺 / 春台
* 春興 / 春兴
* 春色 (chūnsè)
* 春色惱人 / 春色恼人
* 春色滿園 / 春色满园
* 春花
* 春芳
* 春花作物
* 春花秋月 (chūnhuāqiūyuè)
* 春茶 (chūnchá)
* 春草 (chūncǎo)
* 春荒
* 春華 / 春华
* 春菇
* 春華秋實 / 春华秋实
* 春菜絲兒 / 春菜丝儿
* 春蒐
* 春蔥 / 春葱
* 春藥 / 春药 (chūnyào)
* 春蘭 / 春兰 (chūnlán)
* 春蘭秋菊 / 春兰秋菊
* 春蚓秋蛇
* 春蠶 / 春蚕 (chūncán)
* 春裝 / 春装
* 春試 / 春试
* 春誦夏絃 / 春诵夏弦
* 春賽 / 春赛
* 春遊 / 春游 (chūnyóu)
* 春運 / 春运 (chūnyùn)
* 春酒
* 春閨 / 春闺
* 春闈 / 春闱
* 春院
* 春陵 (Chūnlíng)
* 春雨 (chūnyǔ)
* 春雷
* 春霖
* 春露秋霜
* 春風 / 春风 (chūnfēng)
* 春風一度 / 春风一度
* 春風化雨 / 春风化雨 (chūnfēnghuàyǔ)
* 春風和氣 / 春风和气
* 春風夏雨 / 春风夏雨
* 春風得意 / 春风得意 (chūnfēngdéyì)
* 春風滿面 / 春风满面
* 春風藹吉 / 春风蔼吉
* 春風雨露 / 春风雨露
* 春風面 / 春风面
* 春風風人 / 春风风人 (chūnfēngfèngrén)
* 春餅 / 春饼 (chūnbǐng)
* 春香鬧學 / 春香闹学
* 春鶯 / 春莺
* 春麥 / 春麦
* 晏子春秋 (Yànzǐ Chūnqiū)
* 時雨春風 / 时雨春风
* 暮春 (Mùchūn)
* 暮雲春樹 / 暮云春树
* 有女懷春 / 有女怀春
* 有腳陽春 / 有脚阳春
* 杏林春暖
* 枯木逢春 (kūmùféngchūn)
* 枯枝再春
* 楚漢春秋 / 楚汉春秋
* 殘春 / 残春
* 永春 (Yǒngchūn)
* 沐浴春風 / 沐浴春风
* 洪春 (Hóngchūn)
* 滿春 / 满春 (Mǎnchūn)
* 漏春和尚
* 漏洩春光 / 漏泄春光
* 滿袖春風 / 满袖春风
* 滿面春生 / 满面春生
* 滿面春風 / 满面春风 (mǎnmiànchūnfēng)
* 滿面生春 / 满面生春
* 熙春 (xīchūn)
* 燒春 / 烧春
* 玉堂春
* 玉樓春 / 玉楼春
* 琿春 / 珲春 (Húnchūn, “Hunchun”)
* 琿春河 / 珲春河
* 琿春縣 / 珲春县
* 甕頭春 / 瓮头春
* 留春
* 發春 / 发春 (fāchūn)
* 白雪陽春 / 白雪阳春
* 皮裡春秋 / 皮里春秋
* 眉似春山
* 眉蹙春山
* 碧蘿春 / 碧萝春
* 碧螺春 (bìluóchūn)
* 萬古長春 / 万古长春
* 秋月春風 / 秋月春风
* 立春 (Lìchūn)
* 第二春 (dì'èrchūn)
* 紅春 / 红春 (Hóngchūn)
* 繡閣長春 / 绣阁长春
* 花塢春曉 / 花坞春晓
* 芳春
* 莫春
* 著手回春
* 著手成春
* 蔣春霖 / 蒋春霖
* 藥到回春 / 药到回春
* 蘄春 / 蕲春 (Qíchūn)
* 虎尾春冰
* 行春
* 買春 / 买春 (mǎichūn)
* 賣春 / 卖春 (màichūn)
* 走春
* 迎春 (yíngchūn)
* 迎春花 (yíngchūnhuā)
* 遞春 / 递春
* 鄂倫春族 / 鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
* 鍾離春 / 钟离春
* 長春 / 长春 (Chángchūn)
* 長春市 / 长春市
* 長春河 / 长春河 (Chángchūn Hé)
* 長春花 / 长春花 (chángchūnhuā)
* 開春 / 开春 (kāichūn)
* 陽春 / 阳春 (yángchūn)
* 陽春有腳 / 阳春有脚
* 陽春白雪 / 阳春白雪 (yángchūnbáixuě)
* 陽春麵 / 阳春面 (yángchūnmiàn)
* 陽臺春夢 / 阳台春梦
* 雨後春筍 / 雨后春笋 (yǔhòuchūnsǔn)
* 青春 (qīngchūn)
* 青春期 (qīngchūnqī)
* 青春永駐 / 青春永驻
* 青春痘 (qīngchūndòu)
* 面若春花
* 鞭春
* 麗春園 / 丽春园
* 麗春花 / 丽春花
* 黍谷生春
* 龜鶴同春 / 龟鹤同春

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 春(しゅん) (shun)
* → Korean: 춘(春) (chun)
* → Vietnamese: xuân (春)

### Etymology 2

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj (“egg; testicle”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Sagart (2023b) reconstructs Old Chinese *tʰu[n] ~ *tʰu[r] from tentative Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tʰur, some of whose other descendants are Bodo (India) dəy, Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *ʔdejᴮ, etc.; he also relates it to 春 (chūn) "springtime" after noting a connection between eggs and Chinese new year season, as birds generally nest and lay eggs in the warmer months in the north (ibid.).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhûn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cun$^1$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): cung$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceon$^1$
*** Yale: chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn
*** Hakka Romanization System: cun$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cung$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshung
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ³³/

#### Definitions

春
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) egg; roe
    水蛇春咁長／水蛇春咁长 [Cantonese] ― seoi$^2$ se$^4$ ceon$^1$ gam$^3$ coeng$^4$ [Jyutping] ― extremely long or lengthy (literally, “as long as a chain of water snake eggs”)
* (Cantonese, vulgar) testicle
* (Cantonese, vulgar) goddamn, the hell
       nei$^5$ gaau$^2$ mat$^1$ ceon$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       What the fuck are you doing?
* (Cantonese, vulgar, always with the classifier) nothing; damn all; jack shit; bugger all (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    Synonyms: 毛, 鐵 / 铁 (tit$^3$)
       nei$^5$ sik$^1$ tiu$^4$ ceon$^1$ me$^1$? [Jyutping]
       What the hell do you know?
* (Cantonese, vulgar) negates the meaning of the sentence
    關你春事！／关你春事！ [Cantonese] ― gwaan$^1$ nei$^5$ ceon$^1$ si$^6$! [Jyutping] ― None of your damn business!

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 卵 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蛋, 卵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 蛋, 子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蛋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 蛋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 蛋 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 蛋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 蛋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蛋, 春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 蛋, 春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 蛋, 春 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 春, 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 春, 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 春 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 春 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 蛋, 春 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) | 子 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 蛋 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 蛋 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蛋 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 蛋 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 架架 |
| Gan | Jianning | 蛋 |
| Gan | Taining | 卵 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 卵, 春, 蛋 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 春 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 春 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 春 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 春 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 春 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 春 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 春 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 春 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 春 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 春 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 春 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 春 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 春 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 春 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 春 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 卵 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 卵 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 卵 |
| Hakka | Changting | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 卵 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 卵, 春 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 卵, 春 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 卵, 春 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 卵, 春 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 卵, 春 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 卵 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 春, 蛋 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 春 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 春 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 春 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 春 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 春 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 蛋 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 春 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 春 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 春 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 春 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 春 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 蛋 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 卵 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 卵 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 卵 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 卵 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 卵 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 卵 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 卵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 卵 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 卵 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 卵 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 卵 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 卵 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 卵 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 卵 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 卵 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 卵 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 卵 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 卵 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 春 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 蛋 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 蛋 |
| Wu | Danyang | 蛋 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 蛋 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 卵 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 卵 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蛋 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 蛋 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 外腎, 腎 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 睪丸, 精巢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 卵子兒, 卵包子, 小蛋兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蛋蛋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 卵子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 球 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 球蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 蛋子兒, 蛋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 蛋子兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 卵子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 脬子兒, 腎 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 脬卵子, 卵子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 卵, 卵蛋, 蛋蛋, 卵子, 敲敲兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 卵子, 卵蛋, 卵坨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 卵蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 卵考子, 考子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 卵子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 卵蛋, 卵子子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 春子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 春, 春子, 春核, 波子, 蛋蛋, 睪丸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 核 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 核春 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 核仁 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 春牯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 春核 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 卵子 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 卵脬仁 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 核子 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 𨳍卵 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 核卵 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 核仔 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 核仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 卵仁 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 卵核 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 卵核 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 春仔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 卵 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 卵核 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 順子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 卵坨子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Changting | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Zhongshan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Peitian) | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Zhongbao) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Laiyuan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 卵子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 核卵仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 核卵仁 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 核 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 核卵 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Fengshun) | 核卵 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 卵子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 堆兒, 蛋 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 蛋籽子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𡳞核子, 𡳞核 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 𡳞核子 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 𡳞脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 尿脬子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 卵脬子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 𡳞核, 𡳞核子 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 𡳞核, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 𡳞脬核仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 𡳞核仔, 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔, 腎子 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 𡳞核, 𡳞核仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𡳞核, 核, 𡳞脬子 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 𡳞核, 腎子, 𡳞脬子 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 核 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 𡳞核, 𡳞仁 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 𡳞脬核 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 𡳞核 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 𡳞脬子, 𡳞脬核, 核子 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 𡳞仁 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 𡳞脬仁 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 𡳞核 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 𡳞核 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 𡳞核 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 石核 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 尿脬核 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 腎肚子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 卵子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 卵子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 卵子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 卵脬黃, 卵子黃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 卵子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 卵黃, 卵袋黃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 卵子, 卵袋子, 陰袋子 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 老核子 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 卵核 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 考子, 卵子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 睪子 |

#### Compounds

* 乜春
* 多春魚 / 多春鱼 (duōchūnyú)
* 春核
* 春袋
* 水蛇春咁長 / 水蛇春咁长
* 石春
* 蝦春 / 虾春
* 雞春 / 鸡春
* 魚春 / 鱼春
* 鵝春石 / 鹅春石

### References

* “春”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゅん (shun, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しゅん (shun, Jōyō)
* Kun: はる (haru, 春, Jōyō)
* Nanori: あずま (azuma)、あつ (atsu)、かす (kasu)、かず (kazu)、す (su)、とき (toki)、はじめ (hajime)

#### Compounds

* 思(し)春(しゅん)期(き) (shishunki)
* 長(ちょう)春(しゅん) (Chōshun)
* 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun)
* 春日(かすが) (Kasuga)
* 春宮(とうぐう) (tōgū), 春宮(みこのみや) (miko no miya)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 春
* はる Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
/paru/ → /ɸaru/ → /haru/
From Old Japanese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はる [háꜜrù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ha̠ɾɯ̟]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

春(はる) • (haru)
* the spring (season)
    Synonyms: 春季 (shunki), 春期 (shunki)
* (by extension) the New Year
* adolescence, youth
* a heyday of one’s life
* a time of happiness after a long period of difficulty
* (slang, euphemistic) sexual intercourse
    春(はる)をひさぐ ― haru o hisagu ― to engage in prostitution(literally, “to sell sex”)

##### Coordinate terms

Seasons in Japanese · 四(し)季(き) (shiki, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category :
| 春(はる) (haru, “spring”) 春(しゅん)季(き) (shunki, “spring”) 春(しゅん)期(き) (shunki, “spring period”) | 夏(なつ) (natsu, “summer”) 夏(か)季(き) (kaki, “summer”) 夏(か)期(き) (kaki, “summer period”) | 秋(あき) (aki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)季(き) (shūki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)期(き) (shūki, “fall period”) | 冬(ふゆ) (fuyu, “winter”) 冬(とう)季(き) (tōki, “winter”) 冬(とう)期(き) (tōki, “winter period”) |

##### Derived terms

* 春(はる)めく (harumeku)
* 春(はる)秋(あき) (haruaki)
* 春(はる)一(いち)番(ばん) (haruichiban)
* 春(はる)風(かぜ) (harukaze)
* 春(はる)霞(がすみ) (harugasumi)
* 春(はる)着(ぎ) (harugi)
* 春(はる)蚕(ご) (harugo)
* 春(はる)先(さき) (harusaki)
* 春(はる)雨(さめ) (harusame)
* 春(はる)場(ば)所(しょ) (harubasho)
* 春(はる)日(ひ) (haruhi)
* 春(はる)繭(まゆ) (harumayu)
* 春(はる)休(やす)み (haruyasumi)
* 小(こ)春(はる) (koharu)
* 常(とこ)春(はる) (tokoharu)
* 初(はつ)春(はる) (hatsuharu)
* 来(らい)春(はる) (raiharu)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 春
* しゅん Grade: 2
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 春 (MC tsyhwin).

#### Affix

春(しゅん) • (shun)
* spring (season)
* New Year
* life, vitality
* lust, passion
* months and years

##### Derived terms

* 春(しゅん)夏(か) (shunka)
* 春(しゅん)夏(か)秋(しゅう)冬(とう) (shunkashūtō)
* 春(しゅん)画(が) (shunga)
* 春(しゅん)季(き) (shunki)
* 春(しゅん)機(き) (shunki)
* 春(しゅん)菊(ぎく) (shungiku)
* 春(しゅん)日(じつ) (shunjitsu)
* 春(しゅん)秋(じゅう) (shunjū)
* 春(しゅん)宵(しょう) (shunshō)
* 春(しゅん)情(じょう) (shunjō)
* 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (shunbun)
* 春(しゅん)本(ぽん) (shunpon)
* 賀(が)春(しゅん) (gashun)
* 回(かい)春(しゅん) (kaishun)
* 迎(げい)春(しゅん) (geishun)
* 初(しょ)春(しゅん) (shoshun)
* 新(しん)春(しゅん) (shinshun)
* 青(せい)春(しゅん) (seishun)
* 惜(せき)春(しゅん) (sekishun)
* 早(そう)春(しゅん) (sōshun)
* 長(ちょう)春(しゅん) (chōshun)
* 売(ばい)春(しゅん) (baishun)
* 晩(ばん)春(しゅん) (banshun)
* 孟(もう)春(しゅん) (mōshun)
* 陽(よう)春(しゅん) (yōshun)
* 翌(よく)春(しゅん) (yokushun)
* 来(らい)春(しゅん) (raishun)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 春 (MC tsyhwin).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 츈 (Yale: chyùn) | 츈 (Yale: chyùn) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 봄〮 (Yale: pwóm) | 츈 (Yale: chyùn) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʰun]
* Phonetic hangul: [춘]

### Hanja

Wikisource 春 (eumhun 봄 춘 (bom chun))
* Hanja form of 춘 (“spring (season)”). [affix]

#### Compounds

* 춘추 (春秋, chunchu)
* 입춘 (立春, ipchun)
* 청춘 (靑春, cheongchun)
* 매춘 (賣春, maechun)
* 매춘부 (賣春婦, maechunbu)
* 사춘기 (思春期, sachun'gi)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しゅん (shun, Jōyō)
* Kun: はる (haru, 春, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 春(しゅん)菊(ちく) (shunchiku)
* 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (shunbun)
* 長(ちょー)春(しゅん) (chōshun)
* 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 春
* はる Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
/ɸaru/ → /haru/
Shift from faru below.
Cognate with mainland Japanese 春 (haru).

#### Pronunciation

* (Shuri-Naha) はる [hàrú] (Heiban - [0])
* IPA: [haɾu]

#### Noun

春(はる) (haru)
* the spring (season)

##### Derived terms

* 初(はち)春(はる) (hachiharu)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 春
* ふぁる Grade: 2
* irregular
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Shuri-Naha) ふぁる [fàrú] (Heiban - [0])
* IPA: [ɸaɾu]

#### Noun

春(ふぁる) (faru)
* (archaic) the spring (season)

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *paru. (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Noun

春 (paru) (kana はる)
* the spring (season)

#### Derived terms

* 春霞 (parukasumi$_1$)
* 春日 (parupi$_1$)
* 初春 (patuparu)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 春 (haru)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

春: Hán Việt readings: xuân (樞(xu)倫(luân)切(thiết))
春: Nôm readings: xuân, xoan
* Chữ Hán form of xuân (“spring (season)”).

#### Compounds

* 仲春 (trọng xuân)
* 回春 (hồi xuân)
* 孟春 (mạnh xuân)
* 新春 (tân xuân)
* 春亭 (xuân đình)
* 春分 (xuân phân)
* 春夏秋冬 (xuân hạ thu đông)
* 春山 (xuân sơn)
* 春桃 (xuân đào)
* 春秋 (xuân thu)
* 立春 (lập xuân)
* 賞春 (thưởng xuân)
* 迎春 (nghênh xuân)
* 遊春 (du xuân)
* 開春 (khai xuân)
* 青春 (thanh xuân)

### References

* 1 2 3 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Hồ (1976).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* 1 2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).