# bis
## Translingual
### Symbol

bis
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Bislama.

## English
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baɪz/
* Audio (US):(file)

#### Noun

bis
* plural of bi

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɪs/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪs

#### Adverb

bis (not comparable)
* (music) Twice; showing that something is, or is to be, repeated, such as a passage of music, or an item in accounts.

##### Derived terms

* bis key

### See also

* bis-phossy jaw

### Anagrams

* SBI, SIB, IBs, BSI, sib, IBS

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Latin bis (“twice; again!”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bis/

### Noun

bis
* encore (brief extra performance after the main performance is complete)

### Interjection

bis
* used to request an encore

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈbis]

### Etymology 1

From older bis (“dark grey”), of unknown origin, but compare French bis meaning "beige."

#### Noun

bis m (plural bisos)
* either of two closely-related species of mackerel, the Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) or the Pacific chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus)
    Synonyms: bísol, cavalla, gallimó

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

#### Adverb

bis
* again

#### Interjection

bis
* encore

#### Noun

bis m (plural bisos)
* encore

##### Derived terms

* bisar

### Further reading

* “bis” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Cimbrian
### Alternative forms

* biiza (Sette Comuni)

### Etymology

From Middle High German wise, from Old High German wisa, further etymology unknown, perhaps related with Proto-Germanic *wasô, from Proto-Indo-European *weys- (“to increase”). Cognate with German Wiese.

### Noun

bis f (diminutive bisan) (Luserna)
* grass, lawn
* meadow

### References

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “3276”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 3276

## Danish
### Noun

bis c
* genitive singular indefinite of bi

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bis/
* Hyphenation: bis
* Rhymes: -is

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Bis.

#### Noun

bis f (uncountable)
* (music) B sharp

### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin bis. Doublet of twee and duo.

#### Interjection

bis
* Used to request an encore.

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From Latin bis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bis]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bis

### Interjection

bis
* encore!

## Fiji Hindi
### Etymology

From Hindi बीस (bīs).

### Numeral

bis
* twenty

## French
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi/

#### Noun

bis m pl or f pl
* plural of bi

### Etymology 2

From Latin bysseus (“cotton-coloured”), from Latin byssus (“linen”); cf. Italian bigio.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi/

#### Adjective

bis (feminine bise, masculine plural bis, feminine plural bises)
* beige (colour)
* brown (of bread that contains bran)

### Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

#### Pronunciation

* (adverb) IPA: /bis/

#### Adverb

bis
* again (a second time); encore
* (in street numbering or law) A; designating a second thing with the same number
    12 bis, rue des Carmelites ― 12A, rue des Carmelites

##### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: bis

#### Adjective

bis (invariable)
* alternative, secondary

#### Noun

bis m (plural bis)
* encore

#### Interjection

bis
* used to request an encore

#### Derived terms

* bisser (“to ask for an encore; to do an encore”)
* itinéraire bis (“detour”)

### Etymology 4

From bise.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi/

#### Noun

bis m (plural bis)
* (Quebec) kiss

### Further reading

* “bis”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German biz, bit, bitze, from bī (“by”) + ze (“to”). Equivalent to modern bei/be- and zu. Compare German Low German bit (“until”), Saterland Frisian bit (“until”). Compare also English up to.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɪs/
* Audio (Germany):(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Homophone: Biss
* Rhymes: -ɪs

### Conjunction

bis
* (subordinating, temporal) until
    Wir warten hier, bis das Gewitter vorbei ist.We'll wait here until the thunderstorm is over.
* (coordinating) to
    Ich arbeite 40 bis 50 Stunden in der Woche.I work 40 to 50 hours a week.
    Ihre Haare sind braun bis dunkelbraun.Her hair is brown to dark brown.

### Preposition

bis [with accusative]
* (temporal) until, to, (US) through
    Meine Tochter ist bis zwei Uhr in der Schule.My daughter is at school until two o'clock.
    Ich war von Montag bis Freitag krank.I was sick from Monday to Friday.
* (temporal) by
    Die Aufgabe muss bis Donnerstag fertig sein.The task must be complete by Thursday.
* (local) to; all the way to
    Der Zug fährt bis Köln.The train goes to Cologne.

#### Usage notes

* The temporal preposition bis can be followed by temporal adverbs of all kind: bis nachmittags (“until afternoon”), bis jetzt (“until now”). Moreover it can be followed by times, dates, holidays, days of the week, months, or years. The words Woche (“week”), Monat (“month”), and Jahr (“year”), as well as the names of days and months may also be preceded by letzter, voriger, dieser, kommender, or nächster. Bis takes the accusative. For example: bis letzte Woche (“until last week”); bis nächsten Freitag (“by next Friday”).
* The local preposition bis can be followed by local adverbs of all kind (e.g. bis hier (“over here”)) and by place names (see above).
* In other cases, bis must be followed by another preposition, most commonly zu (“to”): bis zum Sommer (“until summer”); bis zum ersten Freitag im neuen Jahr (“by the first Friday of the new year”); bis zum Hauptbahnhof (“to the main station”). This means that bis is never directly followed by a definite or indefinite article. Sometimes other prepositions may also be used after bis: Er ging bis ans Ufer. (“He went close to the shore”).

#### Derived terms

* bis auf

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɪs/
* Hyphenation: bis

### Etymology 1

From Dutch bus (“container, box”) Compare to Dutch brievenbus (“letterbox, mailbox, post box”).

#### Noun

bis
* (rare) letterbox; mailbox; post box
    Synonym: kotak surat

##### Derived terms

* biskan

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bis
* Nonstandard form of bus (“bus”).

### Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

#### Adverb

bis
* (colloquial) twice

### Etymology 4

From Dutch bies (“piping”), from Middle Dutch biese, from Old Dutch *biesa, from Proto-West Germanic *beusu.

#### Noun

bis
* pipe; piping
** a hollow conduit or something resembling a tube
** decorative edging stitched to the hems or seams of an object made of fabric
    Synonym: pelisir
* vessel, tube, duct
    Synonym: pembuluh

### Further reading

* “bis” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbis/
* Rhymes: -is
* Hyphenation: bìs

### Noun

bis m (invariable)
* encore
* repetition
* duo (two varieties as a unit)
    Un bis di baccalàTwo varieties of salt cod

### Adjective

bis (invariable)
* additional

### Further reading

* bis in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

From duis (Old Latin mentioned by Cicero), from Proto-Italic *dwis, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“in two, twice, doubly”), adverb derived from *dwóh₁ (“two”); compare Ancient Greek δίς (dís), Sanskrit द्विस् (dvís). Doublet of dis-.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈbis/, [ˈbɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈbis/, [ˈbis]

### Adverb

bis (not comparable)
* twice, two times, on two occasions, in two ways
** 23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horace, Odes 3.9:Me torret face mutua / Thurini Calais filius Ornyti, / pro quo bis patiar mori, / si parcent puero fata superstiti.I love my own fond lover, / Young Calais, son of Thurian Ornytus: / For him I'd die twice over, / Would Fate but spare the sweet survivor thus.
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.217–219:“[...] et iam / bis medium amplexī, bis collō squāmea circum / terga datī [...].”“[...] and soon, twice [the serpents] had encircled [Laocoön’s] body, twice around [his] neck with [their] scaly backs [...].” – Aeneas
    falli bisto be deceived twice
** (post-Classical) Familia mea bis in hebdomade ad ecclesiam it.My family goes to the church twice a week.

#### Derived terms

* bis ad eundem (“to commit the same error twice”)
* bis in anno, bis anno (“twice a year”)
* bis in die, bis die (“twice a day”)
* bis in mense, bis mense (“twice a month”)
* bis minus
* bis tanto, bis tantum (“twice as great, twice as much”)
* bis terque (“several times, repeatedly”)
* ne bis in idem

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: bis (learned)
* → Catalan: bis (learned)
* → Dutch: bis (learned)
* → English: bis (learned)
* → French: bis (learned)
** → Vietnamese: bis (learned)
* → Italian: bis (learned)
* → Polish: bis (learned)
* → Portuguese: bis (learned)
* → Spanish: bis (learned)

### Further reading

* “bis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “bis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* bis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to be absolutely ignorant of arithmetic: bis bina quot sint non didicisse twice consul: bis consul
* “bis”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Middle High German biz, bit, bitze, from bī (“by”) + ze (“to”). See German bis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bis/

### Conjunction

bis
* until, till (something becomes true)
    Mir waarde mam Iessen, bis datt eis Gäscht all ukomm sinn.We are waiting with the food until all our guests have arrived.
* to (used to indicate time)
    Synonym: vir
* as far as (until)
* between ... and
    Zeideg Quidde moosse 7 bis 12 Zentimeter laang.Mature quinces measure between 7 and 12 centimetres long.
* (up) to (a certain value, a certain number)
bis zu
* up to (a maximal value)

### Preposition

bis
* until (a certain time)
    D'Metzlerei ass bis fënnef Auer nomëttes op.The butcher's is open until five in the afternoon.
* up to, to
    Hire Jong ka scho bis zéng zielen.Their son can already count up to ten.

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biːs/

### Interjection

bis
* Used to request an encore

#### Related terms

* bbissja

## Middle English
### Etymology

A version of bith with the third-person singular ending replaced with -es as in other verbs (in some dialects).

### Verb

bis
* Alternative form of bith

## Navajo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɪ̀s]

### Noun

bis
* adobe, clay, clod, cake of dirt

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbis/
* Rhymes: -is
* Syllabification: bis

### Noun

bis m inan
* encore (brief extra performance, done after the main performance is complete)
    podwójny bis ― double encore
    potrójny bis ― triple encore
    domagać się bisu ― to demanda encore
    wykonywać/wykonać bis ― to perform an encore
    zagrać bis ― to play an encore
    zakończyć się bisem ― to end with an encore
    prosić/poprosić o bis ― to ask for an encore

#### Declension
### Interjection

bis
* encore!

### Adjective

bis (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (colloquial) repeat, extra
    Synonyms: bisowy, powtórzony, dodatkowy
    Unia Europejska bis ― repeat European Union
    PRL bis ― repeat Polish People's Republic

#### Derived terms

* bisowy
* bisować impf

### Further reading

* bis in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bis in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈbis/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈbis/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈbiʃ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈbiʃ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ
* Hyphenation: bis

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin bis (“twice”).

#### Adverb

bis (not comparable)
* bis (shows that something is to be repeated)

#### Noun

bis m (invariable)
* encore (brief extra performance)
* (by extension, informal) a second serving of something

##### Derived terms

* bisar

#### Interjection

bis!
* encore! (used by an audience to request a second performance)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bis m or f
* plural of bi

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French bis.

### Noun

bis n (plural bisuri)
* bis, encore, repeat

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin bis (“two times”).

### Noun

bis m (plural bises)
* encore

#### Related terms

* bisar

#### See also

* otra vez
* otras tres

### Further reading

* “bis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Noun

bis
* indefinite genitive singular of bi

## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French bis, from Latin bis (“twice”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɓit̚˧˦ səː˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɓit̚˦˧˥ səː˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɓɨt̚˦˥ səː˧˧]
* Phonetic spelling: bít xơ

### Adverb

bis
* (in street numbering) a; designating a second thing with the same number.

### See also

* ter
* kép

### References

* Đỗ Phi Hùng (2012 February 13) “Vẫn loay hoay trong "mê hồn trận" số nhà”, in Tuổi Trẻ‎ (in Vietnamese), Ho Chi Minh City, retrieved 2022-03-12

## Yucatec Maya
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɓis/

### Verb

bis (transitive)
* to take, to carry

#### Conjugation
### References

* Gómez Navarrete, Javier Abelardo (2009) Diccionario Introductorio Español-Maya, Maya-Español‎ (in Spanish), Chetumal: Universidad de Quintana Roo, archived from the original on 2023-02-05, page 119: “BIS”