# دری
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

دری
* Arabic spelling of dəri

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *tẹri (“skin”); cognate with Azerbaijani dəri, Bashkir тире (tire), Kazakh тері (terı), Kyrgyz тери (teri), Turkmen deri, Uyghur تېرە (tëre), Uzbek teri and Yakut тирии (tirii).

#### Noun

دری • (deri)
* skin, hide, the outer protective layer of the body
    Synonyms: پوست (post), جلد (cild), قشر (kişr)
* leather, a tough material produced from the skin of animals
    Synonyms: جلد (cild), سختیان (sahtiyan), گون (gön)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: deri
* → Armenian: տերի (teri), դա̈րի (däri)

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “deri”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1171
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دری”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 223b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دری”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 571
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cutis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 317
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دری”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2068
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “deri”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دری”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 899

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian دَرِی (darī)

#### Adjective

دری • (derî)
* pertaining to court or town

#### Proper noun

دری • (Derî)
* the Persian language

#### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دری”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 899

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [da.ˈɾiː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾíː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾíː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾíː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾí]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪æ.ɹíː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾí]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dłyk' /⁠darīg⁠/, “of the court”). By surface analysis, در (dar, “door, gate”) +‎ ـی (-i, suffix forming adjectives). Compare Russian придворный (pridvornyj) with the same meaning, from the same root Proto-Indo-European *dʰwṓr.
Originally a more poetic or archaic synonym of فارسی (fârsi, “Persian”), referring to all dialects. It was adopted in the 1900s to refer specifically to the varieties of Persian spoken in Afghanistan.

#### Adjective

دری • (dari)
* (obsolete) courtly
    Synonym: درباری (darbâri)

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: دری (derî)

#### Proper noun

دری • (dari)
* Dari, Dari Persian (Persian as spoken in Afghanistan)
    Synonyms: فارسی دری (fârsi-ye dari), فارسی افغانستان (fârsi-ye afğânestân)
    Hypernym: فارسی (fârsi)
* (original sense, now archaic) Synonym of فارسی (fârsi, “the Persian/New Persian language”)
** c. 1250, Zartusht Bahrām-i Pazhdaw, زراتشت‌نامه [Zarātusht Nāma]:ندارد بدین خط کسی دستگاه بترسم که گردد بیک ره تباه همان به که این را بنظم آوری بپاکیزه گفتار و خط دریna-dārad bad-ēn xat kasē dastgāh bitarsam ki gardad ba yak rāh tabāh hamān bih ki ēn rā ba nazm āwarī ba pākīza guftār u xat-i darīNobody has the skill to read this (Pahlavi) script, I fear that it shall be lost at one stroke. Better that you put it to versified lines, In a purified speech and a Persian (i.e. Perso-Arabic) script.(Classical Persian romanization)

##### Derived terms

* دری‌زبان (dari-zabân, “Dari-speaking; Dari-speaker”)

##### Descendants

* → Arabic: دَرِيّ (dariyy)
* → Azerbaijani: dəri
* → English: Dari
* → French: dari
* → Ottoman Turkish: دری (Derî)
* → Uzbek: dariy

### Etymology 2

From دره (darre, “valley”) +‎ ـی (-i, suffix forming adjectives).

#### Adjective

دری • (dari)
* (literary) relating to the valley
    Synonym: دره‌ای (darre'i)
** c. 1030, Manuchehri, (Please provide the book title or journal name):گویی بط سفید جامه به صابون زده است کبک دری ساق پای در قدح خون زده استgūyī batt-i safēd jāma ba sābūn zada ast kabk-i darī sāq-i pāy dar qadah-i xūn zada astYou would say the white duck has washed its robes with soap, That the valley partridge has dipped its feet in a cup of blood.(Classical Persian transliteration)

## Saraiki
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd̪ə.ɾiː/

### Noun

دَری (darī) f
* window

## Urdu
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d̪ʊ.ɾiː/

### Noun

دُری • (durī) f (Hindi spelling दुरी)
* a big bright star

### References

* “دری”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “دری”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.