# 蕹

| 蕹 | U+8579, &#34169; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8579 |
| ← 蕸 [U+8578] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蕺 → [U+857A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蕹 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女土 (TYVG), four-corner 4421$_4$, composition ⿱艹雍)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1059, character 38
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32057
* Dae Jaweon: page 1523, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3306, character 5
* Unihan data for U+8579

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs).

### Etymology 1

From 壅 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs, “to heap soil around the roots of a plant”) according to the Compendium of Materia Medica:
    Shízhēn yuē: Wèng yǔ yōng tóng. Cǐ cài wéi yǐ yōng chéng, gù wèi zhī yōng. [Pinyin]
    Shizhen said, 蕹 is the same as 壅. This vegetable can only grow by heaping soil around the roots, so it is called 壅.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): wèng, yōng
       (Zhuyin): ㄨㄥˋ, ㄩㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ung$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): uung$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ng$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): vung / fung
    (Meixian, Guangdong): vung$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): óng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): èng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êng$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$on
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngong$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wòng
*** Wade–Giles: wêng$^4$
*** Yale: wèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenq
*** Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /wəŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yong
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^1$
*** Yale: yūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
*** Palladius: юн (jun)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ong$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
*** Sinological IPA : /oŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ung$^3$
*** Yale: ung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʊŋ³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: uung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɵŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋ̍³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vung
*** Hakka Romanization System: vung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /vuŋ⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vung / fung
*** Hakka Romanization System: vung / fung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vung$^4$ / fung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /vuŋ⁵⁵/, /fuŋ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: vung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʋʊŋ⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: óng
*** Sinological IPA : /ouŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: èng
*** Tâi-lô: ìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: exng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Penang): /eŋ²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: êng$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: èng
*** Sinological IPA : /eŋ²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$on
*** MiniDict: on$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$on
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /oŋ⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ngong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ŋʊŋ⁴⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ŋən⁴⁵/

#### Definitions

蕹
* water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)

#### Compounds

* 蕹菜 (wèngcài)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yōng (yong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yong
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^1$
*** Yale: yūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
*** Palladius: юн (jun)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jung$^1$
*** Yale: yūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

蕹
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of grass) thick; lush

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): よう (yō)、ゆ (yu)
* Kun: あつめる (atsumeru)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蕹: Hán Nôm readings: ung, ủng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.