# suber
## English
### Etymology

From Latin sūber.

### Noun

suber (uncountable)
* (dated, technical) Cork, or the corresponding layer of woody tissue below the epidermis of a plant.
** 1869, Louis Figuier, The Vegetable World, page 39:In many trees the suber is very slightly developed. But this is not the case with the Cork-oak (Quercus suber).

#### Derived terms

* suberic
* suberic acid
* suberin
* suberize, suberization
* suberose
* suberous

### Anagrams

* rebus, erubs, Bures, Ubers, burse, resub, Ruebs, urbes, bures, rubes, Reubs, buers, Burse

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

suber m (uncountable)
* suber

### Further reading

* “suber”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Etymology

Disputed. According to one hypothesis, it is from the same Proto-Indo-European root as Old High German swigen (“to be silent”) and its West Germanic cognates, possibly a reference to cork being stripped without harming the tree. However, an Indo-European etymology for the Germanic set is disputed; see *swīgā. Alternatively, it may be connected with Ancient Greek σῦφαρ (sûphar, “wrinkled skin”), from a third, perhaps substrate source, with an approximate form *sūbʰ-.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsuː.ber/, [ˈs̠uːbɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsu.ber/, [ˈsuːber]

### Noun

sūber n (genitive sūberis); third declension
* cork oak, cork-tree
* cork

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* sūbereus
* sūberīnus

#### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: sughero, suvero, suvaro, suvera
** Neapolitan: surve, survo
** Sicilian: sùviru
** Venetan: sóvaro, sóaro, suro
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: sûr
* Gallo-Italic:
** Emilian: sùver
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: suro, suiro, súrio, suire, siure
*** → Spanish: zuro (or from Aragonese)
** Occitan:
    Languedocien: siure, seure, sieure, siuse
    Provençal: suve, subre, siure
    Vivaro-Alpine: suve, siure
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: zuro
** ⇒ Galician: sobreira
** Portuguese: sobro ⇒ sobreiro
*** → Leonese: sobreru (Salamanca)
**** → Spanish: sobrero
* Borrowings:
** → Arabic: شُبِر (šubir)
** → English: suber, ⇒ suberose
** → French: suber ⇒ subéreux
*** → Romanian: suber
** → Italian: subero

### References

* “suber”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “suber”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* suber in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* ↑ American Journal of Philology, Volume 71, 1950
* ↑ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*swīgēn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 501
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sūber, -ris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 595
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σῦφαρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1425–1426

## Sardinian
### Alternative forms

* super
* supre
* subre

### Etymology

From Latin super.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /suber/

### Preposition

suber
* on, on top of, above
    Synonym: subra