# ܫܢܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic שַׁתָּא (šattā), from Proto-Semitic *šanat-; compare Arabic سَنَة (sana), Hebrew שָׁנָה (shaná) and Akkadian 𒈬 (šattum).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃetːtɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ʃɑːtɑː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ʃiːtɑː]

#### Noun

ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (šēttā) f sg (plural ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ (šinnē))
* year (time period representing one revolution of the Earth around the Sun)
    ܝܘܼܪܟ݂ܵܐ ܕܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܬܪܸܥܣܲܪ ܝܲܪ̈ܚܹܐyurḵā d-šēttā ìlēh triˁsar yarḥēThe length of a year is twelve months.
    ܒܚܲܝܠܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܕܵܥܪܲܚ ܠܐܲܬܪܵܐ ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܕܐܵܬ݂ܝܵܐ.bḥaylā d-allāhā bit dāˁraḥ l-atrā b-šēttā d-āṯyā.God willing we will return to Assyria next year.
    ܒܢܲܝ̈ ܚܵܠܝܼ ܫܘܼܢܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܠܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܪܹܢܵܐ ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܗ̇.bnay ḥālī šūnē lhōn lbaytā ḥrēnā b-šēttā dˁḇīrāh.My cousins moved house last year.
* (astronomy) year (corresponding time period for a different planet)
    ܥܲܠ ܢܸܪܓܲܠ، ܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܐܸܫܬܲܡܐܵܐ ܬܡܵܢܝܼܢ ܘܫܲܒ݂ܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ.ˁal nirgal, miṯḥā d-šēttā ìlēh ištamˀā tmānīn w-šaḇˁā yāwmānē.On Mars, the duration of a year is six hundred and eighty-seven days.

##### Coordinate terms

* ܝܵܘܡܵܐ (yāwmā, “day”), ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (šāḇōˁā, “week”), ܝܲܪܚܵܐ (yarḥā, “month”), ܐܸܩܡܵܐ (iqmā, “season”)
* ܥܣܲܪܬܵܐ (ˁsartā, “decade”), ܕܵܘܪܵܐ (dāwrā, “century”), ܐܲܠܦܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (alpāyūṯā, “millennium”)

##### Derived terms

* ܐܲܕ݇ܫܲܢ݇ܬ (aššat, “this year”)
* ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (b-šēttā, “during the year”)
* ܒܲܪ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (bar šēttā, “one-year-old”)
* ܓܵܘ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (gāw šēttā, “per annum”)
* ܟܠܫܲܢ݇ܬ (kulšat, “every year”)
* ܪܹܝܫ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (rēš šēttā, “new year”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܒܲܗܪܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ (šēttā bahrānāytā, “light year”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܝܼܫܬܵܐ (šēttā kḇīštā, “leap year”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܦܫܝܼܛܬܵܐ (šēttā pšīṭtā, “common year”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (šētānāˀīṯ, “yearly, annually”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šētānāyūṯā, “annual cycle”)
* ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šētānāyā, “annual”)

### Etymology 2

Compare Arabic سِنَة (sina), Hebrew שֵׁנָה (sheiná).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃɪn.θɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ʃɪn.θa]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ʃɪn.tɑː]

#### Noun

ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܐ • (šinṯā) f
* sleep
    ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܢܬ݂ܝܼ ― īlāh šinṯī ― I’m sleepy (literally, “It’s my sleep.”)
    ܠܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܗ̇lā ìlāh šinṯāhShe’s not sleepy.(literally, “It’s not her sleep.”)

##### Derived terms

* ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܢܵܐ (šinṯānā, “sleepy”)

### Etymology 3

Compare Arabic أُشْنَة (ʔušna).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃan.tɑː]

#### Noun

ܫܲܢܬܵܐ • (šantā) f
* moss, lichen

##### Inflection
### References

* “ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)
* “ܫܲܢܬ݂ܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)
* “ܫܸܢܬܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *šanat-.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: /ʃantɑ/, [ˈʃat.tɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃat.tɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃɑ.to]

#### Noun

ܫܢܬܐ • (ša[n]tā) f (plural ܫܢܝܐ (šənayyā))
* year
* age, era

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

Compare Arabic أُشْنَة (ʔušna).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈʃa(.)n(ə).θɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃan.θɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃɑn.θo]

#### Noun

ܫܢܬܐ • (šanəṯā) f(uncountable)
* moss, lichen

##### Inflection
### Etymology 3

Compare Arabic سِنَة (sina) and Hebrew שֵׁנָה (šēnā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈʃɛ(.)n(ə).θɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃɪn.θɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈʃen.θo]

#### Noun

ܫܢܬܐ • (šenəṯā) f(uncountable)
* sleep

##### Inflection
### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ʃɛnˈnɑ.θɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ʃɪnˈnɑ.θɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ʃeˈno.θo]

#### Noun

ܫܢܬܐ • (šennāṯā)
* emphatic plural of ܫܢܐ (šennā)

### References

* “šnh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-07-10
* “šntˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-07-10
* “šnh$^2$”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-11-15
* Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 789b
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 374a
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 385
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 587a, 588a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1581a–b