# гвалт
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ґвалт (gvalt) — Taraškievica orthography, rare
* gvałt, hvałt — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian кгвалтъ (gvalt), from Old Polish gwałt, from Middle High German gewalt (“strength, power”). Compare Polish gwałt, Russian гвалт (gvalt) and Ukrainian ґвалт (gvalt).

### Pronunciation

* ґвалт: IPA: [ɡvaɫt]
* Audio:(file)
* гвалт: IPA: [ɣvaɫt]
* Rhymes: -aɫt
* Hyphenation: гвалт

### Noun

гвалт • (hvalt) m inan (genitive гва́лту, nominative plural гва́лты, genitive plural гва́лтаў)
* violence (physical action which causes destruction, harm, pain, or suffering)
    Synonym: насі́лле (nasíllje)
** 1907 [1897], Edward Bellamy, translated by Аляксандр Уласаў, Kazka ab wadzie, translation of The Parable of the Water-Tank, page 10:Narod jašče bolej zawarušyŭsia, — za małym što gwałtam nie aparažniŭ bočku.[original: [...] the people be still, but raged the more, and crowded upon the tank as if they would take it by force [...]]The people became even more agitated—they were on the verge of resorting to violence to empty the barrel.
* abuse, oppression (an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom)
    Synonyms: здзе́к (zdzjék), прыгнёт (pryhnjót), уці́ск (ucísk)
* coercion (use of physical or moral force to compel a person to do something)
    Synonym: прыму́с (prymús)
** 1932, Платон Галавач, Спалох на загонах, Minsk: ДВБ, page 160:Гэтая ўлада цяпер заганяе гвалтам селяніна ў колгасы, дзе яго пазбаўляюць усяе маемасьці і робяць простым сваім парабкам.Hetaja ŭlada cjapjer zahanjaje hvaltam sjeljanina ŭ kólhasy, dzje jahó pazbaŭljajucʹ usjaje majemasʹci i róbjacʹ próstym svaim parabkam.This government now uses coercion to drive peasants into collective farms, where they are stripped of all their possessions and turned into mere serfs.
* hoot, uproar (a loud commotion, protest, or controversy)
    Synonyms: крык (kryk), ля́мант (ljámant), шум (šum)
** 1928 [1882], Mark Twain, translated by Makar Kraŭcoŭ, Прынц і жабрак, Wilno: Drukarnia „Wydawnictwo Wileńskie“ B. Kleckina, translation of The Prince and the Pauper, page 145:У тую-ж мінуту жанчына падняла крык і гвалт; яна і не заўважыла, як выкралі яе ношу, але хутка схамянулася, пачуўшы, што кошык зрабіўся лягчэйшым.U tuju-ž minutu žančyna padnjala kryk i hvalt; jana i nje zaŭvažyla, jak vykrali jaje nóšu, alje xutka sxamjanulasja, pačuŭšy, što kóšyk zrabiŭsja ljahčejšym.[original: The hue and cry was raised in a moment, by the woman, who knew her loss by the lightening of her burden, although she had not seen the pilfering done.]

#### Inflection

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### Interjection

гвалт! • (hvalt!)
* help! (a cry of distress or an urgent request for assistance)
** 1912, Jakub Kołas, “Rodnyje zjawy”, in Zbornik «Našaj Niwy», number 2, Vilnius: Drukarnia M. Kuchty, page 73:— Bože-ž moj! utapi i-iŭsia! Hwałt, ludzi, ratujcie!"Oh my God! He has su-u-unk! Help, people, rescue him!"

### References

* Bulyka, A. M., editor (1996), “кгвалтъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 15 (катъ – коречный), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 39
* “гвалт” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "гвалт" in Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984) at Verbum

## Russian
### Etymology

Polish gwałt, from Middle High German gewalt (“strength, power”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡvaɫt]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

гвалт • (gvalt) m inan (genitive гва́лта, uncountable)
* (colloquial) din, row, rumpus, hubbub, racket (loud noise, commotion)
** 1846, Фёдор Достоевский [Fyodor Dostoevsky], “Апреля 8.”, in Бедные люди; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Poor People, 1914:Ну, в каку́ю же я трущо́бу попа́л, Варва́ра Алексе́евна! Ну, уж кварти́ра! Пре́жде ведь я жил таки́м глухарём, са́ми зна́ете: сми́рно, ти́хо; у меня́, быва́ло, му́ха лети́т, так и му́ху слы́шно. А здесь шум, крик, гвалт!Nu, v kakúju že ja truščóbu popál, Varvára Alekséjevna! Nu, už kvartíra! Préžde vedʹ ja žil takím gluxarjóm, sámi znájete: smírno, tíxo; u menjá, byválo, múxa letít, tak i múxu slýšno. A zdesʹ šum, krik, gvalt!Well, what a hole I have got into, Varvara Alexyevna! It is a lodging! I used to live like a bird in the woods, as you know yourself—it was so quiet and still that if a fly flew across the room you could hear it. Here it is all noise, shouting, uproar!