# 紅葉
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): hóngyè
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄝˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hong$^2$ ye$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): hóngye
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hung$^4$ jip$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hóngyè
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hóngyè
*** Wade–Giles: hung$^2$-yeh$^4$
*** Yale: húng-yè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngyeh
*** Palladius: хунъе (xunʺje)
*** Sinological IPA : /xʊŋ³⁵ jɛ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: hong$^2$ ye$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xungje
*** Sinological IPA : /xoŋ²¹ iɛ²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: hóngye
*** Sinological IPA : /xuəŋ²⁴ iɛ/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hung$^4$ jip$^6$
*** Yale: hùhng yihp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hung$^4$ jip$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hung$^4$ yib$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hʊŋ²¹ jiːp̚²/

#### Noun

紅葉
* red autumnal leaves
    香山紅葉／香山红叶 ― xiāngshān hóngyè ― the red autumnal leaves of Fragrant Hills
    From: 《秋山》 (추산), before 1700
    Chusan choro jeon, geogeo yu cheongnam, seokjo gongrim ha, hong'yeop rak ryangsam. [Sino-Korean]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Xi'an Mandarin, Chengdu Sichuanese) matchmaker

##### Synonyms

* (red autumnal leaves): (Hokkien) 紅箬／红箬
* (matchmaker):
* 伐柯人 (fákērén) (literary)
* 保山 (bǎoshān) (literary)
* 冰人 (bīngrén) (literary)
* 媒人 (méirén)
* 媒人婆 (méirénpó) (female)
* 媒妁 (méishuò) (literary)
* 媒姨 (bhuê$^5$ i$^5$) (Teochew, female)
* 媒婆 (méipó) (female)
* 月下老人 (Yuèxià Lǎorén)
* 月老 (yuèlǎo)
* 紅娘 / 红娘 (hóngniáng) (chiefly female)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 媒人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 大媒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tianjin (Wuqing) | 冰媒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 媒人, 保媒的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 媒人, 做媒的, 介紹人, 媒婆 woman |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 媒人, 媒婆子 woman, 媒婆兒 woman |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 媒人, 說媒的, 大冰, 介紹人, 媒婆兒 woman |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 媒人, 媒婆子 woman |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 媒人, 紅葉 respectful, 媒婆 woman, 媒婆子 woman |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 冰公大人, 媒人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 大媒, 媒人, 介紹人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 媒人, 管媒的, 媒婆婆 woman |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 媒人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 媒人, 媒婆子 woman |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 媒人, 紅葉, 紅葉公 man, 紅葉婆 woman |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 媒人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 媒人 man, 媒婆 woman, 介紹人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 媒托 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 媒人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 媒人, 媒人公 man, 媒人婆 woman, 大葵扇 woman |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 媒人, 媒人公 man, 媒人婆 woman, 大葵扇 woman |
| Cantonese | Macau | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 媒人 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 介紹人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 媒人 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 媒人公 |
| Cantonese | Tengxian | 媒姼公 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 媒人, 介紹人, 媒婆 woman |
| Gan | Lichuan | 媒人, 媒婆 woman |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 媒人, 牽丈公 man, respectful, 媒人公 man, 媒人婆 woman, 媒婆 woman, 牽六股繩子個 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Yudu | 媒人, 紅蟻公, 長腳媒人 derogatory, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 媒人, 媒人婆 woman |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 媒人 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 媒人, 介紹人, 媒婆子 woman |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 媒人, 說媒哩, 介紹人, 媒漢子 man, 媒婆子 woman |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 媒人, 媒人嫲 woman |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 媒儂, 媒儂媽 woman |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 媒儂, 媒儂公, 媒儂婆 woman, slightly derogatory, 花婆 woman, derogatory, 媒儂姐 respectful |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 媒儂, 媒儂媽 woman, 媒儂婆 woman, slightly derogatory, 花婆 woman, derogatory |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 媒儂, 媒儂婆 woman, slightly derogatory, 花婆 woman, derogatory |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 媒儂, 媒儂公 man, 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 媒儂, 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 媒儂, 媒儂婆仔 woman |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 媒儂, 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 媒儂公 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 媒儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 做媒儂, 講媒儂, 媒儂公 man, 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 媒儂, 媒儂婆 woman |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 媒人, 媒公 man, 媒老太 woman, 媒婆 woman |
| Wu | Shanghai | 媒人 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 瞞人 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 媒人 |
| Wu | Danyang | 媒人, 介紹人 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 媒人, 大冰老爺, 媒婆 woman |
| Wu | Ningbo | 媒人 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 媒人, 做媒人, 媒翁 man, 媒婆 woman |
| Wu | Jinhua | 媒人 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 媒人 |
| Xiang | Xiangxiang | 介紹人, 媒人 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 媒人, 媒人公 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Dong'an | 媒人 |

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 紅葉(こうよう) (kōyō)
* → Korean: 홍엽(紅葉) (hong'yeop)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 紅葉 – see 紅箬 (“red autumnal leaves”). (This term is a variant form of 紅箬).

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 紅 | 葉 |
| もみじ ||
| Grade: 6 | Grade: 3 |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spellings
* 黄葉 栬 (Japanese maple) 椛 (Japanese maple) 栴 (Japanese maple)
⟨momi$_1$ti⟩ → */momʲiti/ → /momʲidi/ → /momid͡ʑi/ → /momiʑi/
Shift from Old Japanese 紅葉 (momi$_1$ti → momichi).
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 紅葉づ (momizu, “to turn, change color; said of leaves”).
Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 紅葉 / 红叶 (hóngyè), see kōyō below.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もみじ [móꜜmìjì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [mo̞mʲiʑi]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

紅葉(もみじ) or 紅葉(モミジ) • (momiji)
* the turning (coloring) of leaves, especially in autumn
* the colored leaves themselves
** 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 4, poem 217; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 5)
    奥山(おくやま)にもみぢ踏(ふ)み分(わ)け鳴(な)く鹿(しか)の声(こゑ)聞(き)く時(とき)ぞ秋(あき)は悲(かな)しき
       okuyama ni momiji fumiwake naku shika no koe kiku toki zo aki wa kanashiki
       Deep in the hills a stag calls out as it treads across the autumn leaves: it is when I hear its voice that autumn seems the saddest.
* 栬, 椛, 栴: Short for 以呂波紅葉 (iroha momiji): the Japanese maple, Acer palmatum
* Short for 紅葉襲 (momiji-gasane): a style of layering garments with crimson on the front and blue (or dark red) on the back
* (colloquial) venison, deer meat
    Synonym: 鹿肉 (shika-niku)
* a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of autumn leaves or the Japanese maple
    Synonym: 楓 (kaede)
* (card games) the suit of autumn leaves (or the Japanese maple) in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of October
    Hyponyms: 紅葉に青短 (momiji ni aotan), 紅葉に鹿 (momiji ni shika)
    Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐

##### Derived terms

* 紅葉(モミジ)葵(アオイ) (momiji aoi, “Hibiscus coccineus”)
* 紅葉(モミジ)苺(イチゴ) (momiji ichigo, “Rubus palmatus var. coptophyllus”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)卸(おろし), 紅葉(もみじ)卸(おろ)し (momiji-oroshi)
* 紅葉(モミジ)貝(ガイ) (momijigai, “Astropecten scoparius”)
* 紅葉(モミジ)笠(ガサ), 紅葉(モミジ)傘(ガサ) (momijigasa, “Parasenecio delphiniifolius”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)襲(がさね) (momiji-gasane)
* 紅葉(モミジ)唐松(カラマツ) (momiji karamatsu, “false bugbane”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)狩(がり), 紅葉(もみじ)狩(が)り (momijigari, “autmumn-leaf viewing”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)衣(ごろも) (momiji-goromo), 紅葉(もみじ)の衣(ころも) (momiji no koromo)
* 紅葉(もみじ)前線(ぜんせん) (momiji zensen)
* 紅葉(もみじ)鯛(だい) (momijidai)
* 紅葉(もみじ)月(づき) (momijizuki, “ninth lunar month”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)鳥(どり) (momijidori)
* 紅葉(もみじ)に青短(あおたん) (momiji ni aotan, hanafuda card)
* 紅葉(もみじ)に鹿(しか) (momiji ni shika, hanafuda card)
* 紅葉(もみじの)賀(が) (Momiji no Ga, chapter in The Tale of Genji)
* 紅葉(もみじ)の橋(はし) (momiji no hashi)
* 紅葉(もみじ)のカス (momiji no kasu, hanafuda card)
* 紅葉(もみじば) (momiji-ba, see below)
* 紅葉(モミジ)羽(ハ)熊(グマ) (momiji haguma)
* 紅葉(もみじ)鮒(ぶな) (momijibuna)
* 紅葉(もみじ)マーク (momiji māku)
* 紅葉(もみじ)見(み) (momijimi)
* 紅葉(もみじ)蓆(むしろ), 紅葉(もみじ)筵(むしろ) (momiji mushiro)
* 青(あお)紅葉(モミジ) (aomomiji)
* 銀杏(いちょう)紅葉(もみじ) (ichō momiji)
* 以呂波(イロハ)紅葉(モミジ) (iroha momiji)
* 薄(うす)紅葉(モミジ) (usu momiji)
* 卯月(うずき)の紅葉(もみじ) (Uzuki no Momiji)
* 漆(うるし)紅葉(もみじ) (urushi momiji)
* 大(オオ)紅葉(モミジ) (ōmomiji)
* 柿(かき)紅葉(もみじ) (kaki momiji)
* 草(くさ)紅葉(もみじ) (kusa momiji)
* 紅(くれない)紅葉(もみじ) (kurenai momiji)
* 桜(さくら)紅葉(もみじ) (sakura momiji)
* 下(した)紅葉(もみじ) (shita momiji)
* 蔦(つた)紅葉(もみじ) (tsuta momiji)
* 照(て)り紅葉(もみじ) (terimomiji)
* 櫨(はじ)紅葉(もみじ) (haji momiji)
* 初(はつ)紅葉(もみじ) (hatsu-momiji)
* 花(はな)紅葉(もみじ) (hana momiji)
* 山(ヤマ)紅葉(モミジ) (yama-momiji)
* 夕(ゆう)紅葉(もみじ) (yū momiji)

##### Idioms

* 紅葉(もみじ)の錦(にしき) (momiji no nishiki, “brocade of autumn leaves → brocaded clothes”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)のような手(て) (momiji no yō na te, “hand like an autumn leaf → pretty hand of a young child”)
* 紅葉(もみじ)を散(ち)らす (momiji o chirasu, “disperse the momiji → blush one's face”)

##### Proverbs

* 紅葉(もみじ)に鹿(しか) (momiji ni shika, “a deer with momiji → a good arrangement”)

##### Coordinate terms

* 楓(カエデ), 槭樹(カエデ) (kaede, “maple tree”)

#### Verb

紅葉(もみじ)する • (momiji suru) suru (stem 紅葉(もみじ)し (momiji shi), past 紅葉(もみじ)した (momiji shita))
* (of leaves) to turn (change color), especially during autumn

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 紅葉し | もみじし | momiji shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 紅葉し | もみじし | momiji shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 紅葉する | もみじする | momiji suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 紅葉する | もみじする | momiji suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 紅葉すれ | もみじすれ | momiji sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 紅葉せよ¹ 紅葉しろ² | もみじせよ¹ もみじしろ² | momiji seyo¹ momiji shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 紅葉される | もみじされる | momiji sareru |
| Causative | 紅葉させる 紅葉さす | もみじさせる もみじさす | momiji saseru momiji sasu |
| Potential | 紅葉できる | もみじできる | momiji dekiru |
| Volitional | 紅葉しよう | もみじしよう | momiji shiyō |
| Negative | 紅葉しない | もみじしない | momiji shinai |
| Negative continuative | 紅葉せず | もみじせず | momiji sezu |
| Formal | 紅葉します | もみじします | momiji shimasu |
| Perfective | 紅葉した | もみじした | momiji shita |
| Conjunctive | 紅葉して | もみじして | momiji shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 紅葉すれば | もみじすれば | momiji sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Proper noun

紅葉(もみじ) • (Momiji)
* a surname
* a female given name

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 紅 | 葉 |
| もみじ Grade: 6 | は > ば Grade: 3 |
| irregular | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spellings
* もみじ葉 黄葉 紅葉葉 (rare)
Shift from Old Japanese 紅葉 (momi$_1$tiba → momichiba).
Can be parsed as a compound of 紅葉ぢ (momiji, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 紅葉づ (momizu), “to turn in autumn, said of leaves”) +‎ 葉 (ha, “leaf”). The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もみじば [mòmíjíꜜbà] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [mo̞mʲiʑiba̠]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

紅(もみじ)葉(ば) • (momijiba)
* turned (colored) autumn leaves
** 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 5, poem 366; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 69)
    嵐(あらし)吹(ふ)く三(み)室(む)の山(やま)のもみぢ葉(ば)は竜(たつ)田(た)の川(かは)の錦(にしき)なりけり
       arashi fuku Mimuro-no-yama no momijiba wa Tatsuta-no-kawa no nishiki narikeri
       The sweeping stormy winds from Mount Mimuro weaves adorning Tatsuta river with a brocade of crimson leaves.
* the leaves of the Japanese maple (Acer palmatum)
** c. 1005–07, Shūi Wakashū (book 17, poem 1128; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 26)
    小(を)倉(ぐら)山(やま)峰(みね)のもみぢ葉(ば)心(こころ)あらば今(いま)ひとたびのみゆき待(ま)たなむ
       Ogura-yama mine no momijiba kokoro araba ima hitotabi no miyuki matanan
       Maple leaves on Mt. Ogura, if you have enough sense you will stay as you are until the next imperial visit.

##### Usage notes

For emphasis, the initial momiji is usually written in kana alone, as もみじ葉 (​momijiba).

##### Derived terms

* 紅葉(もみじば)の (momijiba no, pillow word)
* 紅葉(モミジ)葉(バ)団扇(ウチワ) (momijiba uchiwa)
* 紅葉(もみじ)葉(ば)鈴(すず)掛(かけ)の木(き) (momijiba suzukake no ki, “London plane”)
* 紅葉(モミジ)葉(バ)楓(フウ) (momijibafū, “Liquidambar styraciflua”)
* 初(はつ)紅葉(もみじば) (hatsu-momijiba)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 紅 | 葉 |
| こう Grade: 6 | よう Grade: 3 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 黄葉
/kou jepu/ → /koːjefu/ → /koːjeu/ → /koːjoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 紅葉 (MC huwng yep, literally “crimson, red + leaf”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーよー [kòóyóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːjo̞ː]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

紅(こう)葉(よう) • (kōyō)
* the turning (coloring) of leaves, especially in autumn
* the colored leaves themselves
** 1999 August 26, “紅(こう)葉(よう)の女(じょ)王(おう) [Queen of Autumn Leaves]”, in BOOSTER 4, Konami:
    鮮(あざ)やかな紅(こう)葉(よう)に囲(かこ)まれて暮(く)らす、緑(りょく)樹(じゅ)の霊(れい)王(おう)のお妃(ひ)。
       Azayaka na kōyō ni kakomarete kurasu, Ryokuju no Reiō no ohi.
       The consort of the Spirit King of Greenery, living within vibrant autumn leaves.

##### Derived terms

* 紅葉(こうよう)前線(ぜんせん) (kōyō zensen, “autumn leaf front”)

##### Idioms

* 林間(りんかん)に酒(さけ)を煖(あたた)めて紅葉(こうよう)を焼(や)く (rinkan ni sake o atatamete kōyō o yaku, “burn autumn leaves to heat sake → enjoy autumn”)

#### Verb

紅(こう)葉(よう)する • (kōyō suru) suru (stem 紅(こう)葉(よう)し (kōyō shi), past 紅(こう)葉(よう)した (kōyō shita))
* (of leaves) to turn (change color), especially during autumn

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 紅葉し | こうようし | kōyō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 紅葉し | こうようし | kōyō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 紅葉する | こうようする | kōyō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 紅葉する | こうようする | kōyō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 紅葉すれ | こうようすれ | kōyō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 紅葉せよ¹ 紅葉しろ² | こうようせよ¹ こうようしろ² | kōyō seyo¹ kōyō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 紅葉される | こうようされる | kōyō sareru |
| Causative | 紅葉させる 紅葉さす | こうようさせる こうようさす | kōyō saseru kōyō sasu |
| Potential | 紅葉できる | こうようできる | kōyō dekiru |
| Volitional | 紅葉しよう | こうようしよう | kōyō shiyō |
| Negative | 紅葉しない | こうようしない | kōyō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 紅葉せず | こうようせず | kōyō sezu |
| Formal | 紅葉します | こうようします | kōyō shimasu |
| Perfective | 紅葉した | こうようした | kōyō shita |
| Conjunctive | 紅葉して | こうようして | kōyō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 紅葉すれば | こうようすれば | kōyō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Proper noun

紅(こう)葉(よう) • (Kōyō)
* a female given name

### Etymology 4

Other various nanori readings.

#### Proper noun

紅葉(あかは) or 紅葉(あけは) or 紅葉(あげは) or 紅葉(いろは) or 紅葉(かえで) or 紅葉(くれは) or 紅葉(べには) or 紅葉(もみ) or 紅葉(もよ) • (Akaha or Akeha or Ageha or Iroha or Kaede or Kureha or Beniha or Momi or Moyo)
* a female given name

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Janet Emily Goff (2014) Noh Drama and "The Tale of the Genji": The Art of Allusion in Fifteen Classical Plays (Princeton Legacy Library), annotated edition, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 263
* ↑ Sagnik Bhattacharya (2015) A Hundred Autumn Leaves: The Ogura Hyakunin Isshu: Translated and Annotated, Partridge Publishing, →ISBN
* ↑ Sasaki Sanmi, Shaun McCabe, Iwasaki Satoko (2011) Chado the Way of Tea: A Japanese Tea Master's Almanac, Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN, page 564

## Old Japanese
### Alternative forms

* 黃葉

### Etymology 1

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 紅葉つ (momi$_1$tu, “to turn in autumn, said of leaves”).
Possibly cognate with verb 燃ゆ (mo$_1$yu, “to burn”).

#### Noun

紅葉 (momi$_1$ti) (kana もみち)
* the turning of leaves in autumn
* the turned autumn leaves themselves
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 10, poem 2201:, text here
    妹許跡馬鞍置而射駒山撃越來者紅葉散筒imogari to$_2$ uma ni kura oki$_1$te Iko$_1$ma-yama utiko$_1$yekureba momi$_1$ti tiritutuSaddling my horse, I cross Ikoma's hill, where already the autumn leaves lie ruddy on the ground.
* the Japanese maple, Acer palmatum

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 紅葉 (momiji)

### Etymology 2

Compound of 紅葉ち (momi$_1$ti, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 紅葉つ (momi$_1$tu), “to turn in autumn, said of leaves”) +‎ 葉 (pa, “leaf”).
The pa changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

#### Noun

紅葉 (momi$_1$tiba) (kana もみちば)
* turned autumn leaves
* the leaves of the Japanese maple (Acer palmatum)

##### Derived terms

* 紅葉の (momi$_1$tiba no$_2$, pillow word)
* 初紅葉 (patu-momi$_1$tiba)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 紅葉 (momijiba)

### References

* ↑ Frederick Victor Dickins (1908) The Makura-kotoba of Primitive Japanese Verse (Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan)‎, Yushodo Booksellers, page 34