# ܫܒܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Aramaic שַׁבְּתָא (šabbəṯā), borrowed from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”) and itself possibly from Akkadian 𒊭𒉺𒀜𒌈 (šapattum, “the middle day of the lunar month”); compare Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt), Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton) and English Sabbath.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃab.tɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ʃab.θɑː]

### Proper noun

ܫܲܒܬܵܐ • (šabtā) f sg (plural ܫܲܒܵܬܹ̈ܐ (šabāttē) or ܫܲܒܹ̈ܐ (šabbē))
* Saturday (the seventh and final day of the week)
    ܟܹܐ ܐܵܙܲܠ݇ܚ ܠܫܘܼܩܵܐ ܕܫܲܒܬܵܐ ܩܵܐ ܕܙܒ݂ܵܢܲܚ ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܝܵܐ.kē āzaḥ l-šūqā d-šabtā qā dzḇānaḥ šāḇōˁāyā.We go to the Saturday market for our weekly shopping.
* Sabbath (day of rest and worship)
** Luke 23:56:
    ܕܝܼܪܗܘܿܢ ܘܗܘܼܕܸܪܗܘܿܢ ܒܸܣܡܹ̈ܐ ܘܗܹܪ̈ܘܿܡܹܐ، ܘܒܫܲܒܬܵܐ ܫܠܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܦܘܼܩܕܵܢܵܐ.dīrhōn w-hūdirhōn bismē w-hērōmē, w-bšabtā šlē lhōn ayḵ puqdānā.Then they returned and prepared spices and fragrant oils. And they rested on the Sabbath according to the commandment.
* week, the duration of a week, seven-day cycle
    Synonym: ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (šāḇōˁā)

#### Coordinate terms

* ܫܘܼܠܵܡ ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (šūlām šāḇōˁā, “weekend”)
* days of the week: ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (yāwmānē d-šāḇōˁā) (appendix): ܚܲܕ݇ܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (ḥaḇšabbā) · ܬܪܹܝܢ݇ܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (trēḇšabbā) · ܬܠܵܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (tlāṯāḇšabbā) · ܐܲܪܒܥܵܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (arbˁāḇšabbā) · ܚܲܡܫܵܒ݂ܫܲܒܵܐ (ḥamšāḇšabbā) · ܥܪܘܼܒ݂ܬܵܐ (ˁruḇtā) · ܫܲܒܬ݂ܵܐ (šabṯā)

#### Derived terms

* ܫܲܒܬܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šabtānāyā, “sabbatical”)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

Compare Arabic السَّبْت (as-sabt) and Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ).

#### Alternative forms

* ܫܘܒܬܐ

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃabb(ə)θɑ]

#### Noun

ܫܒܬܐ • (šabbəṯā) f (plural ܫܒܐ)
* Sabbath, Saturday
* week
    Synonym: ܫܒܘܥܐ

##### Descendants

* → Old Armenian: շաբաթ (šabatʻ)
** Armenian: շաբաթ (šabatʻ)
** → Old Georgian: შაბათი (šabati), შაფათი (šapati)
*** Georgian: შაბათი (šabati)
**** → Adyghe: шэмбэт (šɛmbɛt)
**** → Bats: შაბათ (šabat)
**** → Chechen: шот (šot)
**** → Ingush: шоатта (šoatta)
**** → Mingrelian: შაბათი (šabati)
**** → Kabardian: щэбэт (śɛbɛt)

### Etymology 2

From Akkadian 𒅆𒂍𒌈 (/⁠šibittu⁠/); cognate to Persian شوید (ševid), Hebrew שֶׁבֶת (šéḇeṯ), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שִׁיבְתָא (šiḇəṯā), Old Armenian սամիթ (samitʻ). Arabic شِبِثّ (šibiṯṯ) comes via Aramaic.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃ(ə)vɛttɑ]

#### Noun

ܫܒܬܐ • (šəḇettā) f(uncountable)
* dill

### References

* “šbh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* “šbt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 356a, 358b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 558a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1507a

## Turoyo
### Etymology

From Aramaic ܫܒܬܐ (šabbəṯā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃabθo/

### Noun

ܫܰܒܬ݂ܳܐ • (šabṯo) m (plural ܫܰܒܶܐ (šabe))
* week
* Saturday

#### See also

* ܫܰܬܳܐ (šato, “year”)
* ܝܰܪܚܳܐ (yarḥo, “month”)
* ܝܰܘܡܳܐ (yawmo, “day”)
* ܣܰܥܰܐ (saca, “hour”), ܫܳܥܬ݂ܳܐ (šocṯo, “hour”)
* ܕܰܩܩܰܐ (daqqa, “minute”), ܩܰܛܷܢܬܳܐ (qaṭënto, “minute”)
* ܨܰܢܝـܝܶܐ (ṣaniye, “second”), ܪܦܳܦܳܐ (rfofo, “second”)