# dystonia
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin dystonia, from German Dystonie.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /dɪˈstəʊnɪə/

### Noun

dystonia (countable and uncountable, plural dystonias)
* (pathology) A disabling neurological disorder in which prolonged and repetitive contractions of muscles cause jerking, twisting movements and abnormal postures of the body.
** 2025 January 29, Sandee LaMotte, “A rare brain disorder robbed Robert F. Kennedy Jr. of his strong speaking voice”, in CNN‎:In one type of vocal dystonia called lingual protrusion dystonia, a person’s tongue can protrude when they try to speak, strangling their words.

#### Synonyms

* neurodystonia

#### Derived terms

* hemidystonia
* myodystonia

#### Related terms

* dystonic

#### Translations
### References

* “dystonia”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English dystonia), ultimately from New Latin dystonia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdystoniɑ/, [ˈdys̠to̞ˌniɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -iɑ
* Hyphenation: dys‧to‧nia

### Noun

dystonia
* (pathology) dystonia

#### Declension

Possessive forms of dystonia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dystoniani
dystoniani
accusative
nom.
dystoniani
dystoniani
gen.
dystoniani
genitive
dystoniani
dystonioideni dystonioitteni dystoniaini $^{rare}$
partitive
dystoniaani
dystonioitani
inessive
dystoniassani
dystonioissani
elative
dystoniastani
dystonioistani
illative
dystoniaani
dystonioihini
adessive
dystoniallani
dystonioillani
ablative
dystonialtani
dystonioiltani
allative
dystonialleni
dystonioilleni
essive
dystonianani
dystonioinani
translative
dystoniakseni
dystonioikseni
abessive
dystoniattani
dystonioittani
instructive
comitative
—dystonioineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dystoniasi
dystoniasi
accusative
nom.
dystoniasi
dystoniasi
gen.
dystoniasi
genitive
dystoniasi
dystonioidesi dystonioittesi dystoniaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
dystoniaasi
dystonioitasi
inessive
dystoniassasi
dystonioissasi
elative
dystoniastasi
dystonioistasi
illative
dystoniaasi
dystonioihisi
adessive
dystoniallasi
dystonioillasi
ablative
dystonialtasi
dystonioiltasi
allative
dystoniallesi
dystonioillesi
essive
dystonianasi
dystonioinasi
translative
dystoniaksesi
dystonioiksesi
abessive
dystoniattasi
dystonioittasi
instructive
comitative
—dystonioinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dystoniamme
dystoniamme
accusative
nom.
dystoniamme
dystoniamme
gen.
dystoniamme
genitive
dystoniamme
dystonioidemme dystonioittemme dystoniaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
dystoniaamme
dystonioitamme
inessive
dystoniassamme
dystonioissamme
elative
dystoniastamme
dystonioistamme
illative
dystoniaamme
dystonioihimme
adessive
dystoniallamme
dystonioillamme
ablative
dystonialtamme
dystonioiltamme
allative
dystoniallemme
dystonioillemme
essive
dystonianamme
dystonioinamme
translative
dystoniaksemme
dystonioiksemme
abessive
dystoniattamme
dystonioittamme
instructive
comitative
—dystonioinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dystonianne
dystonianne
accusative
nom.
dystonianne
dystonianne
gen.
dystonianne
genitive
dystonianne
dystonioidenne dystonioittenne dystoniainne $^{rare}$
partitive
dystoniaanne
dystonioitanne
inessive
dystoniassanne
dystonioissanne
elative
dystoniastanne
dystonioistanne
illative
dystoniaanne
dystonioihinne
adessive
dystoniallanne
dystonioillanne
ablative
dystonialtanne
dystonioiltanne
allative
dystoniallenne
dystonioillenne
essive
dystoniananne
dystonioinanne
translative
dystoniaksenne
dystonioiksenne
abessive
dystoniattanne
dystonioittanne
instructive
comitative
—dystonioinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
dystoniansa
dystoniansa
accusative
nom.
dystoniansa
dystoniansa
gen.
dystoniansa
genitive
dystoniansa
dystonioidensa dystonioittensa dystoniainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
dystoniaansa
dystonioitaan dystonioitansa
inessive
dystoniassaan dystoniassansa
dystonioissaan dystonioissansa
elative
dystoniastaan dystoniastansa
dystonioistaan dystonioistansa
illative
dystoniaansa
dystonioihinsa
adessive
dystoniallaan dystoniallansa
dystonioillaan dystonioillansa
ablative
dystonialtaan dystonialtansa
dystonioiltaan dystonioiltansa
allative
dystonialleen dystoniallensa
dystonioilleen dystonioillensa
essive
dystonianaan dystonianansa
dystonioinaan dystonioinansa
translative
dystoniakseen dystoniaksensa
dystonioikseen dystonioiksensa
abessive
dystoniattaan dystoniattansa
dystonioittaan dystonioittansa
instructive
comitative
—dystonioineen dystonioinensa :

### Further reading

* “dystonia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* ydinsota