# 枸杞
## Chinese

* 枸杞

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “any connection to Persian گوجه?”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gǒuqǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˇ ㄑㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gau$^2$ gei$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiéu-kí
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘-kí / kió-kí
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$keu-ci
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǒuqǐ [Phonetic: góuqǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˇ ㄑㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǒucǐ
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^3$-chʻi$^3$
*** Yale: gǒu-chǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goouchii
*** Palladius: гоуци (gouci)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gau$^2$ gei$^2$
*** Yale: gáu géi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gau$^2$ gei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geo$^2$ géi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐu̯³⁵ kei̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiéu-kí
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieu$^ˋ$ gi$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gieu$^3$ gi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯³¹ ki³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘-kí
*** Tâi-lô: kóo-kí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kofkie
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ki⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kió-kí
*** Tâi-lô: kió-kí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kioy'kie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ki⁵⁵⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$keu-ci
*** MiniDict: keu$^去$ ci
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$keu-ji
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kɤ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kuwX khiX
Rime :
| Character | 枸 | 杞 |
| Reading # | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古厚切 | 墟里切 |
| Baxter | kuwX | khiX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu$^X$/ | /kʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu$^X$/ | /kʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu$^X$/ | /kʰie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw$^X$/ | /kʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ku$^X$/ | /kʰiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu$^X$/ | /kʰĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kə̯u$^X$/ | /kʰi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gǒu | qǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^2$ | hei$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːʔ kʰɯʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 枸 | 杞 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7071 | 5769 |
| Phonetic component | 句 | 己 |
| Rime group | 侯 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 苟 | 起 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːʔ/ | /*kʰɯʔ/ |

### Noun

枸杞
* Chinese wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)

#### Synonyms

* (Hokkien) 甘杞

#### Derived terms

* 枸杞子 (gǒuqǐzǐ, “goji berry”)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 枸杞(くこ) (kuko)
* → Korean: 구기(枸杞) (gugi)
Others:
* → English: goji
* → Malay: kauki, koki
* → Thai: เก๋ากี้ (gǎo-gîi)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 枸 | 杞 |
| く Hyōgai | こ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

枸(く)杞(こ) or 枸杞(クコ) • (kuko)
* goji berry, wolfberry, Lycium chinense

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).

#### Derived terms

* 枸杞子(くこし) (kukoshi)
* 枸杞葉(くこよう) (kukoyō)

#### See also

* 地骨皮(じっこぴ) (jikkopi)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 枸 | 杞 |

### Noun

枸杞 • (gugija) (hangeul 구기자)
* hanja form of 구기 (“Chinese wolfberry”)