OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# bylaw
## English
### Alternative forms

* by-law
* byelaw, bye-law
* byrlaw, birley, birlie, birlaw, burlaw, bourlaw (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English bylawe, bilawe, partly from Old English bīlage (“bylaw”) and partly from a variant of Middle English byrelawe, birlawe, from Old Norse býjar (“town's; settlement's”) + lǫg (“laws; jurisdiction”). Byrlaw is attested earlier in English but is unattested in Old Norse and the cognates in Scandinavian languages follow the development of bylaw: Danish bylov (“municipal law”), Swedish bylag and byalag.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/
* (US) IPA: /ˈbaɪ.lɔ/
* (cot–caught merger) IPA: /ˈbaɪ.lɑ/

### Noun

bylaw (plural bylaws)
* A local custom or law of a settlement or district.
* (often in the plural) A rule made by a local authority to regulate its own affairs.
    Synonym: (US) ordinance
** (countable, in the singular) A numbered provision within such kind of legislation.
* A law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization (e.g., corporation or business).

#### Translations
### See also

* bylaw officer

### References

* ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, "by-law | bye-law, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1888.

### Anagrams

* bawly
# 安樂死
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ānlèsǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄢ ㄌㄜˋ ㄙˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): on$^1$ lok$^6$ sei$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): an-lo̍k-sí / an-lo̍k-sú
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ānlèsǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄢ ㄌㄜˋ ㄙˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: anlèsǐh
*** Wade–Giles: an$^1$-lê$^4$-ssŭ$^3$
*** Yale: ān-lè-sž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: anlehsyy
*** Palladius: аньлэсы (anʹlɛsy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀän⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: on$^1$ lok$^6$ sei$^2$
*** Yale: ōn lohk séi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: on$^1$ lok$^9$ sei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: on$^1$ log$^6$ séi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːn⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² sei̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: an-lo̍k-sí
*** Tâi-lô: an-lo̍k-sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: anlogsie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /an⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴⁻³² si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /an³³ lɔk̚²⁴⁻² si⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /an⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴⁻³² si⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: an-lo̍k-sú
*** Tâi-lô: an-lo̍k-sú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: anlogsuo
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /an⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ su⁵³/

### Noun

安樂死
* euthanasia; mercy killing

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 安 | 樂 | 死 |
| あん Grade: 3 | らく Jinmeiyō | し Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |||
For pronunciation and definitions of 安樂死 – see the following entry. :
| 【安楽死あんらくし】 | [noun] euthanasia |
(This term, 安樂死, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 安 | 樂 | 死 |

### Noun

安樂死 • (allaksa) (hangeul 안락사)
* hanja form of 안락사 (“euthanasia”)
# beneficence
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English beneficence, from Latin beneficentia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈnɛfɪsəns/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

beneficence (countable and uncountable, plural beneficences)
* An act of philanthropy, a kind deed; an act which benefits someone else.
** 2024 December 12, Eric Cortellessa, “Donald Trump 2024 TIME Person of the Year”, in Time‎:Trump also promises to attack the sources abroad that he blames for the country’s malaise: economic interdependence, transnational criminals, traditional allies he sees as free riders on America’s long-running global beneficence.
* Good or charitable character or behavior.

#### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:goodness

#### Antonyms

* maleficence

#### Coordinate terms

* nonmaleficence

#### Derived terms

* beneffectance
* beneficential

#### Translations
### See also

* benefice
* good works
# kinesisk
## Danish
### Etymology

Kina (“China”) +‎ -esisk (“-ese”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkʰinɛsisɡ̊]

### Noun

kinesisk
* Chinese language
* Chinese food

### Adjective

kinesisk
* Chinese

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /çɪˈneːsɪsk/
* Rhymes: -ɪsk

### Adjective

kinesisk (neuter singular kinesisk, definite singular and plural kinesiske)
* Chinese (relating to China and the Chinese people)

#### Derived terms

* Den kinesiske mur

#### Related terms

* Kina, Folkerepublikken Kina
* kineser

### Noun

kinesisk m (definite singular kinesisken) (uncountable)
* Chinese (the language)

### References

* “kinesisk” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /çɪˈneːsɪsk/

### Adjective

kinesisk (neuter singular kinesisk, definite singular and plural kinesiske)
* Chinese (relating to China and the Chinese people)

#### Derived terms

* den kinesiske muren

#### Related terms

* Kina, Folkerepublikken Kina
* kinesar

### Noun

kinesisk m (definite singular kinesisken) (uncountable)
* Chinese (the language)

### References

* “kinesisk” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɕɪˈneːsɪsk/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

kinesisk
* Chinese (of, from, or pertaining to China)

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### Related terms

* Kina
* kines
* kinesiska

### References

* kinesisk in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kinesisk in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* kinesisk in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# Rep.
## English
### Noun

Rep. (plural Reps.)
* (law) Abbreviation of representative.
** 2021 August 24, Devan Cole, Ryan Nobles, Zachary Cohen and Oren Liebermann, “Two congressmen traveled to Afghanistan amid frantic evacuation efforts”, in CNN‎:Reps. Seth Moulton, a Democrat from Massachusetts, and Peter Meijer, a Republican from Michigan, said in a joint statement Tuesday that they had traveled to Kabul “to conduct oversight on the mission to evacuate Americans and our allies” and that the trip had been conducted in secret “to minimize the risk and disruption to the people on the ground.” […] Democratic Rep. Sara Jacobs of California, a member of the Armed Services Committee, also criticized her colleagues’ decision to travel overseas, saying in a tweet: “Whether it is Haiti or Afghanistan, taking up space in a disaster zone for your own ego helps no one.”
* Abbreviation of Republic.
    Synonym: Repub

#### Usage notes

This is the customary abbreviation of this term as used in legal citation. See, e.g., The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, Nineteenth Edition (2010), "Judges and Officials", Table T11, p. 443.

### Anagrams

* EPR, ERP, PER, Per., RPE, per, per-, per., pre, pre-
# Oecomys
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house”) +‎ Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs, “mouse”).

### Proper noun

Oecomys m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Cricetidae – certain New World mice.

### See also

* Oecomys on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Oecomys on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Oecomys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# voïvodat
## French
### Alternative forms

* voïévodat

### Etymology

voïvode +‎ -at

### Noun

voïvodat m (plural voïvodats)
* voivodeship (office)

### Further reading

* “voïvodat”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# Rhinoncomimus latipes
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Rhinoncomimus latipes m
* A taxonomic species within the family Curculionidae – a weevil, native to east Asia, believed to exclusively feed on Persicaria perfoliata, a mile-a-minute vine.

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Coleoptera – order; Curculionidae – family; Baridinae – subfamily; Phytobiini – tribe; Rhinoncomimus – genus; Rhinoncomimus (Homorosomulus) – subgenus

### References

* Rhinoncomimus latipes on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Rhinoncomimus (Homorosomulus) latipes on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Rhinoncomimus latipes on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# conventionally
## English
### Etymology

From conventional +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kənˈvɛnʃənəli/, /kənˈvɛnʃnəli/, /kənˈvɛnʃənli/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adverb

conventionally (comparative more conventionally, superlative most conventionally)
* Ordinarily, by convention.
    Antonyms: unconventionally, nonconventionally
** 2000: BBC News website, Organic food 'no healthier' read at on 14 May 2006 - The carrots tested were: an organic British carrot, an organic carrot from abroad and a conventionally grown carrot.
** 2020 November 1, Rich Juzwiak, Jessica Stoya, “I Met a Hot Guy on a Dating App—but He Just Dropped a Big Revelation on Me”, in Slate‎:Stoya: Are they actually not conventionally attractive, or is this an incellike distortion of self-image? Is their view of their physical appearance a symptom of a psychological condition like depression?

#### Synonyms

See Thesaurus:usually.
# rasisme
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [raˈsisme]
* Rhymes: -isme
* Hyphenation: ra‧sis‧me

### Adverb

rasisme
* in a racist manner, racistly

#### Related terms

* rasisma (“racist”)
* rasismo (“racism”)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Internationalism, affixed rasis +‎ -isme, borrowed from Dutch racisme, from French racisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raˈsɪsmə/
* Rhymes: -mə, -ə
* Hyphenation: ra‧sis‧mê

### Noun

rasismê (uncountable)
* (politics) racism
* (politics) racialism

#### Synonyms

* perkauman (Bruneian Standard Malay)

#### Related terms

* rasis

### References

* ↑ Nicoline van der Sijs (2010) Nederlandse woorden wereldwijd‎, Den Haag: Sdu Uitgevers, →ISBN, →OCLC

### Further reading

* “rasisme” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from English racism.

### Pronunciation

* (English-based) IPA: [re.sis.ma]
** Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* (spelling-based) IPA: [ra.sis.ma]
** Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ma, -a
* Hyphenation: ra‧sis‧me

### Noun

rasisme (Jawi spelling راسيسمى, informal 1st possessive rasismeku, 2nd possessive rasismemu, 3rd possessive rasismenya)
* racism
    Synonyms: rasialisme (uncommon), perkauman

#### Related terms

* ras
* rasis

### Further reading

* “rasisme” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# föregående
## Swedish
### Etymology

present participle of föregå (“precede”)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

föregående
* preceding, previous
    Jag håller med föregående talareI agree with the previous speaker
    På föregående sidor har vi diskuterat svensk grammatikIn the preceding pages, we have discussed Swedish grammar

#### See also

* förra

### Participle

föregående
* present participle of föregå

### References

* föregående in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* föregående in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* föregående in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# 漐

| 漐 | U+6F10, &#28432; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F10 |
| ← 漏 [U+6F0F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 漑 → [U+6F11] |

## Translingual
### Han character

漐 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土戈水 (GIE), composition ⿱執水)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 645, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18122
* Dae Jaweon: page 1054, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1711, character 13
* Unihan data for U+6F10

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhí (zhi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zap$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhí
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhíh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^2$
*** Yale: jŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyr
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zap$^6$
*** Yale: jahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐp̚²/
* Middle Chinese: trhip
Rime :
| Character | 漐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (142) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丑入切 |
| Baxter | trhip |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰˠiɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰᵚip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰjip̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰjəp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cap$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰib/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 漐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17288 |
| Phonetic component | 執 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 湁 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰib/ |
| Notes | 見傷寒論 |

### Definitions

漐
* perspiring, sweating

#### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 2), p. 143
# block ornament
## English
### Alternative forms

* block-ornament, block-ornimint

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈblɒk ˌɔː(ɹ)nəmənt/, enPR: blŏk ôrnəmənt

### Noun

block ornament (plural block ornaments)
* (obsolete, slang, UK, Australia) A small fragment of cheap meat offered for sale by a butcher, particularly one of poor quality. [from 1843]
** 1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, published 1861:I ought to add, that the “single fellows,” instead of living on “block ornaments” and the like, live, when doing well, on the best fare, at the “spiciest” cook-shops on their rounds, or in the neighbourhood of their residence.
** 1885, George Augustus Sala, America Revisited, Vizetelly & Company, page 501:It is certain that in the Chinese meat stores you see a number of scraps of meat of the "block ornament" order, the dubious hue of which–usually a dingy greyish purple, with streaks of drab fat– […]
** 1897, Edward Spencer Mott, Cakes and Ale, page 78:[T]ogether with such scraps as may also be purchased, at a penny or twopence the plateful, at the beef and ham emporium, with maybe a "block ornament" or two from the butcher's, in a pie dish, with a superstructure of potatoes, and have the "scrap pie" cooked at the baker's for the Sunday dinner. Poor wretches!
** 1909 January 7, Westminster Gazette‎, page 2:[H]ow often, after a search through the old purse they clutch so tightly, they turn away the coveted "block-ornimint" being beyond their means.
* Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see block,‎ ornament.
** 1833, Asher Benjamin, Practice of Architecture, →ISBN, page 92:a presents the elevation, b the section to the block ornament to A, and c shows a vertical section of the block ornament to B […]
** 1852, Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club, page 171:The wall plate is finely moulded, and the wooden columns supporting the principals have a curious diamond block ornament.

#### Derived terms

* blocker

### References

* John Camden Hotten (1873) The Slang Dictionary
* “block ornament, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
# prie-dieu
## English
### Etymology

From French prie-Dieu, from prie (“pray”) + Dieu (“God”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /pɹiːˈdjəː/

### Noun

prie-dieu (plural prie-dieus or prie-dieux)
* A piece of furniture on which someone can pray, consisting of a cushioned area to kneel on, with a built-in ledge for books. [from 17th c.]
** 1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber, published 2007, page 42:Leaning her childish face and full chin on the shelf of the prie-Dieu, her eyes fixed, she laughed, out of some hidden capacity, some lost subterranean humour [...].
** 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 772:thinking to improve his hour, he took to kneeling at a prie-dieu and ventured upon some propitiatory prayers to the Virgin which might serve as a sort of scaffolding to the more important confession which was to follow.
** 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial, published 2007, page 87:At her prie-dieu, she read in a calm voice the prayers for the dying.
# Straßenkämpfer
## German
### Alternative forms

* Strassenkämpfer (Switzerland, Liechtenstein)

### Etymology

Straße (“street”) +‎ -n- +‎ Kämpfer (“fighter”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃtʁaːsn̩ˌkɛmp͡fɐ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Stra‧ßen‧kämp‧fer

### Noun

Straßenkämpfer m (strong, genitive Straßenkämpfers, plural Straßenkämpfer, feminine Straßenkämpferin)
* streetfighter (male or of unspecified gender)
# Cryptocercus
## Translingual
### Etymology

From crypto- (“hidden; secret”, from Ancient Greek κρῠπτός (krŭptós)) +‎ Ancient Greek κέρκος (kérkos, “tail; cercus”).

### Proper noun

Cryptocercus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Cryptocercidae – the wood roaches or brown-hooded cockroaches, the extant roaches most closely related to termites, which are now thought to be specialized roaches.

### References

* Cryptocercus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Cryptocercus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Cryptocercus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Cryptocercus at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Cryptocercus at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
# spasmodic
## English
### Etymology

From New Latin spasmōdicus, from Ancient Greek σπασμώδης (spasmṓdēs, “spasmodic”), from σπασμός (spasmós, “spasm”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /spæzˈmɒd.ɪk/
* (US) IPA: /spæzˈmɑ.dɪk/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Adjective

spasmodic (comparative more spasmodic, superlative most spasmodic)
* Of or relating to a spasm; resembling a sudden contraction of the muscles.
* Convulsive; consisting of spasms.
    spasmodic asthma
** 1734, T[homas] K[night], A Critical Dissertation upon the Manner of the Preparation of Mercurial Medicines, and Their Operation on Human Bodies; particularly Those Most in Fashion: […], London: Printed for Harmen Noorthouck […], →OCLC, page 52:[…] Dr. Francis Fuller, […] upon wearing a Quick-ſilver Girdle, for the Cure of the Itch, (and that after an inconſiderate and raſh manner) was brought under a violent Spaſmodick Diſtemper, which was ſupposed by himſelf and others to be owing to ſome Mercurial Particles lodg'd in ſome excretory Ducts of the Brain.
** 2025 January 29, Sandee LaMotte, “A rare brain disorder robbed Robert F. Kennedy Jr. of his strong speaking voice”, in CNN‎:Kennedy’s vocal rasp is not caused by an infection or respiratory condition. Instead, he has spasmodic dysphonia, a rare neurological condition in which the muscles that open and close his vocal cords spasm involuntarily, creating a strained or strangled quality to his speech.
* Intermittent or fitful; occurring in abrupt bursts.
    Synonyms: patchy, stop-start; see also Thesaurus:discontinuous
    spasmodic zeal or industry
** 1900 April, Willa Cather, “Eric Hermannson's Soul”, in Cosmopolitan:The chin was heavy, the nostrils were low and wide, and the lower lip hung loosely except in his moments of spasmodic earnestness, when it shut like a steel trap.
* Erratic or unsustained.
* Of or relating to the spasmodic poets, a group of British Victorian poets who wrote introspective drama in verse.

#### Derived terms

* spasmodically
* spasmodism
* spasmodist

#### Related terms

* spasm
* spasmic

#### Translations
### Noun

spasmodic (plural spasmodics)
* A medicine for suppressing spasms.
    Synonym: antispasmodic

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French spasmodique.

### Adjective

spasmodic m or n (feminine singular spasmodică, masculine plural spasmodici, feminine and neuter plural spasmodice)
* spasmodic
# pinso
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pienso (“feed”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈpin.su]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈpin.so]

### Noun

pinso m (plural pinsos)
* feed (food given to (especially herbivorous) animals)
** 2008, Miquel Pujol i Palol, Les plantes cultivades. 1. Cereals, →ISBN, page 20:Actualment, el gra de cereals destinat a l’alimentació animal, els pinsos, representa un 33% de la producció total arreu del món i és més del 40% en els països de la Unió Europea.Currently, cereal grain set aside for the feeding of animals, feed, represents 33% of the total global production, and it is more than 40% in the countries of the European Union.

### Further reading

* “pinso” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “pinso”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “pinso” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “pinso” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *pinsō, from Proto-Indo-European *peys- (“to crush”).
Cognate includes Ancient Greek πτισάνη (ptisánē, “barley”), πτίσσω (ptíssō, “to winnow, peel”); Proto-Slavic *pьšenìca (“wheat”); Sanskrit पिनष्टि (pinaṣṭi, “to grind”). Compare pīla, pīlum.

#### Alternative forms

* pindō (Late Latin, glosses)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpin.soː/, [ˈpĩːs̠oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpin.so/, [ˈpinso]

#### Verb

pīnsō (present infinitive pīnsere, perfect active pīnsuī or pīnsī, supine pīnsum or pīnsitum or pī̆stum); third conjugation
* to beat, pound
** AD 4th C., Diomedes Grammaticus (author), Heinrich Keil (editor), Artis Grammaticae Liber I (1857), page 373:
    Sed apud veterēs reperīmus etiam n litterā additā pīnsō, quod est tundō, ut Ennius decimō Annālium pīnsunt terram genibus.
       But in the older authors we also find pīnsō with an added n, which is 'to beat', like Ennius in the tenth book of the Annals: they pound the dirt with their knees.
* to lash, scourge
** c. 206 BCE – 188 BCE, Plautus, Mercator 2.3.80:ea molet, coquet, cōnficiet pēnsum, pīnsētur flagrōShe will grind, cook, spin wool, she'll be lashed by a whip […]

##### Derived terms

* pī̆stor
* pī̆stō

##### Related terms

* pīla
* pīlum
* pīsō

### Etymology 2

Post-classical conjugation transfer of Etymology 1.

#### Verb

pīnsō (present infinitive pīnsāre, perfect active pīnsāvī, supine pīnsātum); first conjugation
* (post-classical) Alternative form of pīnsō

##### Descendants

* Aromanian: chisedz, chisari
* Galician: pisar
* Italian: pestare, pigiare
* Portuguese: pisar
* Romanian: pisa, pisare, păsat
* Spanish: pisar
* English: pestle

### Further reading

* “pinso”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* pinso in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# omständighet
## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* omſtaͤndighet (archaic)

### Etymology

omständig +‎ -het

### Noun

omständighet c
* circumstance

#### Declension
### References

* omständighet in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* omständighet in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* omständighet in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# sheʼawéétsʼáál
## Navajo
### Noun

sheʼawéétsʼáál
* first-person singular possessed form of awéétsʼáál
# keenish
## English
### Etymology

From keen +‎ -ish.

### Adjective

keenish (not comparable)
* Somewhat keen.
** 1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, published 1861:All the street-sellers in question are what street estimation pronounces to be educated men; they can all, as far as I could ascertain, read and write, and some of them were “keenish politicians, both free-traders, and against free-trade when they was a-talking of the better days when they was young.”
# はらひ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はらひ – see the following entry. :
| 【払はらい】 | [noun] payment; settlement [noun] driving away; sweeping [noun] selling (goods) away |
(This term, はらひ (farafi), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# Straßenkämpferin
## German
### Alternative forms

* Strassenkämpferin (Switzerland, Liechtenstein)

### Etymology

Straße (“street”) +‎ Kämpferin f (“fighter”)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Straßenkämpferin f (genitive Straßenkämpferin, plural Straßenkämpferinnen, masculine Straßenkämpfer)
* female equivalent of Straßenkämpfer: female streetfighter
# binge drinker
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

binge drinker (plural binge drinkers)
* One who engages in binge drinking.