# رد
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rad.da/

#### Verb

رَدَّ • (radda) I (non-past يَرُدُّ (yaruddu), verbal noun رَدّ (radd))
* (transitive) to return, to bring back, to put back
    رَدَدْتُ ٱلْمَالَ فِي جَيْبِي.radadtu l-māla fī jaybī.I put the money back into my pocket.
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 62:8:قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ ٱلَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ."Say: 'Lo! the death from which ye shrink will surely meet you, and afterward ye will be returned unto the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.'"
* to reply, to answer, to respond
* to repel
* to resist
* to refuse
* to reject
* to restrain, to keep (someone مِن (min) something)
* to refute
* to dissuade
* to reinstate

##### Descendants

* → Swahili: -rudi

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /radd/

#### Noun

رَدّ • (radd) m (plural رُدُود (rudūd))
* verbal noun of رَدَّ (radda) (form I)
* refusal
* repulse
* refutation
* hindrance
* restitution, return
* reply
* restoration to a former state

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: رد (red)
** Turkish: ret
* → Classical Persian: رد (radd) (see there for further descendants)
* → Swahili: rada

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

#### Adjective

رَدّ • (radd)
* (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) vomiting
* (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) bad
* (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) worthless

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

رِدْ • (rid) (form I) /rid/
* second-person masculine singular imperative of وَرَدَ (warada)

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɑdː/

### Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرد (yirudd))
* (with على) to answer, reply (to)

#### Conjugation

$^1$ The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

## Gojri
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رَدّ (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

### Adjective

رَد (rad) (indeclinable)
* refutation, rejection, cancellation

### Further reading

* Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 254.
* Javaid Rahi (2015) گوجری ڈکشنری [Gojri Dictionary] (in Gojri), page 544, column 1.

## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rəd(ː)/ (base verb; noun)
* IPA: /rɪd(ː)/ (imperative verb)

### Verb

رد • (rad(d)) I (non-past يرد (yrid(d)))
* to return, to come back
* to reply, to answer, to respond
* (transitive) to send back, to return

### Noun

رد • (rad(d)) m (plural ردود (r(u)dūd))
* a response, an answer

### Verb

رد • (rid(d))
* second-person masculine singular active imperative of رد (rad(d))

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

### Verb

رَدّ • (radd) I (non-past يِرُدّ (yirudd))
* to reply, to respond, to answer [with على]

#### Conjugation
## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /radː/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرُد (yrudd) or يرَد (yradd))
* to reply, to answer, to respond [with على]
* to give back
* (intransitive) to vomit

#### Conjugation
## Persian
### Etymology 1

See راد (râd).

#### Noun

رد • (rad)
* (archaic) sage (wise person)
* an important person in Zoroastrianism

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

رد • (rad)
* track
* trace
* footprint

##### Derived terms

* رد پا (radd-e pâ)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾað]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [räd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [räd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [räd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [räd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹæd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾäd̪]

#### Noun

رد • (radd)
* rejection

##### Derived terms

* رد کردن (radd kardan)

##### Descendants

* → Assamese: ৰদ (rod)
* → Azerbaijani: rədd
** → Armenian: ռադ (ṙad)
* → Middle Bengali: রদ (rod)
** Bengali: রদ (rod)
* → Dhivehi: ރައްދު (raddu)
* → Dogri: radd
    Devanagari script: रद्द
    Dogra script: 𑠤𑠛𑠹𑠛
* → Gojri: رَد (rad)
* → Gujarati: રદ (rad)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: रद्द (radd)
    Urdu: رَدّ (radd)
* → Kannada: ರದ್ದು (raddu)
* → Maithili: rad
    Devanagari script: रद
    Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒠
* → Malayalam: റദ്ദ് (ṟaddŭ)
* → Malvi: रद्द (radd)
* → Marathi: रद्द (radda)
* → Marwari:
    Devanagari script: रद्द (radd)
    Mahajani script: 𑅭𑅥𑅥 (rdd)
* → Nepali: रद्द (radda)
* → Odia: ରଦ୍ଦ (radda)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਦ (radda)
    Shahmukhi script: رَدّ (radd)
* → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: رَدِ
    Devanagari script: रदि
    Khudabadi script: 𑋙𑋏𑋡 (radi)
* → Tamil: ரத்து (rattu)
* → Telugu: రద్దు (raddu)
* → Varhadi: रद (rad)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rad/, [rad]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

ردّ • (radd) I (present بردّ (birodd))
* to reply, to respond, to answer (+ على)
    بسلّم عليه وما بردّ.basallem ʕalēh w-mā birodd.I greet him and he doesn't respond.
    ردّ على سؤالي، وين كنت مبارح؟rodd ʕala suʔāli: wēn kunt mbāreḥ?Answer my question: Where were you yesterday?
    ردّ عالتلفون. ― radd ʕal-telfōn. ― He answered the phone.
* to listen to, to follow (advice, instructions)
* to obey (+ على)
    الولاد لازم يردّو على أهلهم.l-ūlād lāzem yroddu ʕala ʔahl-hom.Children must do as they are told by their parents.(literally, “Children must obey their parents.”)
* to close
    Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)
    ردّ الباب بسرعة! ― rodd il-bāb bsurʕa! ― Close the door quickly!

#### Conjugation
### Noun

رد • (radd) m (plural ردود (rudūd))
* a response, an answer, a reply, a reaction

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رد (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɾəd̪d̪/
* Rhymes: -əd̪d̪

### Adjective

رَدّ • (radd) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling रद्द)
* cancelled, rejected; null and void

### Further reading

* “رد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “رد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 590
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “رد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 340
* “رد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.