# 呴

| 呴 | U+5474, &#21620; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5474 |
| ← 味 [U+5473] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 呵 → [U+5475] |

## Translingual
### Han character

呴 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口心口 (RPR), four-corner 6702$_0$, composition ⿰口句)
* breathe on
* yawn
* roar

#### Derived characters

* 喣 𤉵

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 182, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3457
* Dae Jaweon: page 402, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 607, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5474

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |

### Etymology 1

Probably related to 呼 (OC *qʰaː, “to exhale, shout”); see there for more (STEDT).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xǔ, hǒu, gòu (xu$^3$, hou$^3$, gou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˇ, ㄏㄡˇ, ㄍㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hau$^3$ / heoi$^1$ / jyu$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hy$^1$ / hieo$^3$ / gieo$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syǔ
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^3$
*** Yale: syǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheu
*** Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǒu
*** Wade–Giles: hou$^3$
*** Yale: hǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoou
*** Palladius: хоу (xou)
*** Sinological IPA : /xoʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^4$
*** Yale: gòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hau$^3$ / heoi$^1$ / jyu$^3$
*** Yale: hau / hēui / yu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hau$^3$ / hoey$^1$ / jy$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heo$^3$ / hêu$^1$ / yu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐu̯³³/, /hɵy̯⁵⁵/, /jyː³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hy$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /hy⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hieu³³²/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hieu⁴⁵³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu⁴²/
* Middle Chinese: xuwX, xjuH
Rime :
| Character | 呴 | 呴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 呼后切 | 香句切 |
| Baxter | xuwX | xjuH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /həu$^X$/ | /hɨo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /həu$^X$/ | /hio$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xəu$^X$/ | /xio$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /həw$^X$/ | /huə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /xu$^X$/ | /xio$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /xəu$^X$/ | /xĭu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xə̯u$^X$/ | /xi̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hǒu | xù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hau$^2$ | heoi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰoːʔ/, /*qʰos/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 呴 | 呴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 7086 | 7128 |
| Phonetic component | 句 | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 吼 | 昫 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰoːʔ/ | /*qʰos/ |
| Notes | 見九懷 | 見莊子說文作欨 |

#### Definitions

呴
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 呴俞
* 呴呴
* 呴喻
* 呴諭 / 呴谕
* 愉愉呴呴
* 相呴相濡

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$heu
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$heu
*** MiniDict: heu$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$heu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hɤ⁵³/

#### Definitions

呴
* (Wu) enraged; annoyed; resentful
* (Wu) remorseful; troubled; emotionally congested
* (Wu) rushed; rushing; anxious; pressed

#### Compounds

* 呴勢 / 呴势
* 呴吭
* 呴火
* 夯呴
* 尋呴勢 / 寻呴势
* 極呴呴 / 极呴呴
* 發呴 / 发呴

### References

* “呴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “呴”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 268.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* breathe on
* roar

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): く (ku)、こう (kō)
* Kun: いきをかけてあたためる (ikiokaketeatatameru)

## Korean
### Hanja

呴 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku)
* breathe out
* roar