# 奢

| 奢 | U+5962, &#22882; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5962 |
| ← 奡 [U+5961] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 奣 → [U+5963] |
| 奢 | U+2F85F, &#194655; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F85F |
| ← 夢 [U+2F85E] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 𡚨 → [U+2F860] |

## Translingual
### Han character

奢 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 大十大日 (KJKA), four-corner 4060$_4$, composition ⿱大者)
* extravagant, wasteful
* exaggerate

#### Derived characters

* 𠍽, 𠾏, 𢄳, 㦋, 撦, 㵔, 𭧤, 𭫠, 𦠏, 𦅁, 𧤺, 譇(𰶄), 𨅓, 𨣍, 𭑥, 𩴟, 奲(𫰂), 𮑂, 𨶶

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 253, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5964
* Dae Jaweon: page 514, character 34
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 542, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5962
* Unihan data for U+2F85F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 奢
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shē (she$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ce$^1$ / se$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâ
* Eastern Min (BUC): chiă
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhia / sia
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cia$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$soe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shē
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: she
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^1$
*** Yale: shē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: she
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ce$^1$ / se$^1$
*** Yale: chē / sē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tse$^1$ / se$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cé$^1$ / sé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/, /sɛː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: sa$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sa$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sa²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chiă
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰia⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sia
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia
*** Tâi-lô: tshia
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiaf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰia³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sia
*** Tâi-lô: sia
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sia⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sia³³/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou:
** chhia - vernacular;
** sia - literary.
* Middle Chinese: syae
Rime :
| Character | 奢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式車切 |
| Baxter | syae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕia/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕia/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕia/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕia/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕia/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭa/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯a/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | se$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tʰA/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljaː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 奢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syæ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.tʰA/ |
| English | extravagant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 奢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16966 |
| Phonetic component | 者 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 奢 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljaː/ |

#### Definitions

奢
* extravagant; lavish; wasteful
* excessive
* (Wuhan Mandarin) to smile; to laugh

#### Synonyms

* (to smile):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 樂, 笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 樂 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 笑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 笑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 笑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 笑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 笑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 笑, 奢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 笑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 笑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 笑 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 笑 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 笑 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 笑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 笑 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 笑 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 笑 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 笑 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 笑 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 笑 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 笑 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 笑 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 笑 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 笑 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 笑 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 笑 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 笑 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 笑 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 笑 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 笑 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 笑 |
| Southern Pinghua | Binyang | 笑 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 笑 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 笑 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 笑 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 笑 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 笑 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 笑 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 笑 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 笑 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 笑 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 笑 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 笑 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 笑 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 笑 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 笑 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 笑 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Baisha) | 笑 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 笑 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 笑 |
| Wu | Danyang | 笑 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 笑 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 笑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 笑 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 笑 |

#### Compounds

* 奢侈 (shēchǐ)
* 奢侈品 (shēchǐpǐn)
* 奢放
* 奢望 (shēwàng)
* 奢求 (shēqiú)
* 奢泰
* 奢華 / 奢华 (shēhuá)
* 奢遮
* 奢靡
* 浮奢
* 省慾去奢 / 省欲去奢
* 禮奢寧儉 / 礼奢宁俭
* 窮奢極侈 / 穷奢极侈
* 窮奢極欲 / 穷奢极欲
* 肆奢
* 豐奢 / 丰奢
* 豪奢 (háoshē)
* 豪奢放逸
* 驕奢 / 骄奢
* 驕奢淫佚 / 骄奢淫佚 (jiāoshēyínyì)
* 驕奢淫泆 / 骄奢淫泆
* 驕奢淫逸 / 骄奢淫逸 (jiāoshēyínyì)
* 驕奢無度 / 骄奢无度

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shá (sha$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shá
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shá
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^2$
*** Yale: shá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shar
*** Palladius: ша (ša)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä³⁵/

#### Definitions

奢
* a surname

### References

* “奢”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “奢”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 207.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しゃ (sha)
* Kun: おごる (ogoru, 奢る)

## Korean
### Hanja

奢 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

奢: Hán Nôm readings: xa
* chữ Hán form of xa (“extravagant, wasteful”).

#### Compounds

* 奢侈 (xa xỉ)
* 奢侈品 (xa xỉ phẩm)
* 奢華 (xa hoa)
* 驕奢 (kiêu xa)