OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# בדיוק
## Hebrew
### Etymology

בְּ־ (b'-, “in”) +‎ דִּיּוּק (diyúk, “accuracy, exactness, precision”)

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) (properly) IPA: /be.diˈjuk/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) (commonly) IPA: /bidˈjuk/

### Adverb

בְּדִיּוּק • (b'diyúk)
* exactly, precisely
** 2011 May 24, שחר הזלקורן (Shahar Haselkorn), “חשיפה: כמה עולה המכונית החשמלית לשי אגסי” (khashifá: káma olé ham'khonít hakhashmalít l'shai agasi, “Exposé: how much the electric car costs Shai Agassi”), in Ynet:
    […] סְכוּמֵי כֶּסֶף אַדִּירִים לְכִיסֵי שַׁי אַגָּסִי וְהַמַּשְׁקִיעִים. כַּמָּה כֶּסֶף בְּדִיּוּק? […] s'khuméi késef adirím l'khiséi shai agasi v'hamashki'ím. káma késef b'diyúk? […] enormous sums of money into the pockets of Shai Agassi and his investors. How much money exactly?
** 2019, Ron Cahlili, “מנגנוני השנאה לערבים נשאו פרי: הכהניסטים מתקרבים לכנסת”, in Local Call‎:כמעט בכל סקרי הבחירות שפורסמו אתמול והיום (שלישי), כלומר בדיוק שבוע לפני הבחירות, "עוצמה יהודית" – זו שנתפסה עד לפני זמן לא רב כעשב השוטה של הפוליטיקה הישראלית – זוכה בארבעה מנדטים.In almost all election polls that were published yesterday and today (Tuesday), that is, exactly one week before the election, "Jewish Power" - which not long ago was considered a stupid weed in Israeli politics - wins four seats.
* just, just now
    אֲנִי בְּדִיּוּק חָשַׁבְתִּי עָלֶיךָ.aní b'diyúk khashávti alékha.I was just thinking about you.
# ܦܛܪܘܣ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Syriac, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [pɪtˤroːs]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [patˤrus]

### Proper noun

ܦܸܛܪܘܿܣ • (piṭrōs) m
* Peter (Biblical figure)
* a male given name from Greek

#### Derived terms

* ܦܲܬܘܿ (patō) (diminutive, nickname)

#### See also

* ܟܹܐܦܵܐ (kēpā)
* ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ (šimˁōn)

## Classical Syriac
### Alternative forms

* ܦܐܛܪܐ, ܦܐܛܪܘܣ, ܦܗܛܪܐ, ܦܗܛܪܘܣ, ܦܛܪܐ

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛtˤros/

### Proper noun

ܦܛܪܘܣ • (transliteration needed) m
* Peter (Biblical figure)
* a male given name

#### Descendants

* → Malayalam: പത്രോസ് (patrōsŭ)

#### See also

* ܟܐܦܐ

### References

* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 416a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 443a
# patch file
## English
### Alternative forms

* patchfile

### Noun

patch file (plural patch files)
* (computing) A text file or binary file that lists differences between two versions of a file.
# špinavá
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃpɪnavaː]

### Adjective

špinavá
* inflection of špinavý:
** nominative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative neuter plural
# farmako-
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek φάρμακον (phármakon, “drug”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfɒrmɒko]
* Hyphenation: far‧ma‧ko

### Prefix

farmako-
* pharmaco- (of or relating to medication)
    Synonym: gyógyszer

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

## Polish
### Etymology

Derived from Ancient Greek φάρμακον (phármakon).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /far.ma.kɔ/
* Rhymes: -armakɔ
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

farmako-
* pharmaco-
    ‎farmako- + ‎dynamika → ‎farmakodynamika

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* farmako- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# caletre
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin character.

### Noun

caletre m (plural caletres)
* (colloquial) brains; know-how; gumption

### Further reading

* “caletre”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Turecko
## Czech
### Etymology

From Turek +‎ -cko.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈturɛt͡sko]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtsko
* Hyphenation: Tu‧rec‧ko

### Proper noun

Turecko n (relational adjective turecký, demonym Turek, female demonym Turkyně)
* Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)
    Synonym: (archaic) Turky m pl

#### Related terms

* turečtina f

### See also

* Albánie
* Andorra
* Arménie
* Ázerbájdžán
* Belgie
* Bělorusko
* Bosna a Hercegovina
* Bulharsko
* Černá Hora
* Česko
* Dánsko
* Estonsko
* Finsko
* Francie
* Gruzie
* Chorvatsko
* Irsko
* Island
* Itálie
* Kazachstán
* Kosovo
* Kypr
* Lichtenštejnsko
* Litva
* Lotyšsko
* Lucembursko
* Maďarsko
* Malta
* Moldavsko
* Monako
* Německo
* Nizozemsko
* Norsko
* Polsko
* Portugalsko
* Rakousko
* Rumunsko
* Rusko
* Řecko
* San Marino
* Severní Makedonie
* Slovensko
* Slovinsko
* Spojené království
* Srbsko
* Španělsko
* Švédsko
* Švýcarsko
* Turecko
* Ukrajina
* Vatikán

### Further reading

* “Turecko”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “Turecko”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “Turecko”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Slovak
### Etymology

From Turek +‎ -ko.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈturet͡skɔ]

### Proper noun

Turecko n (genitive singular Turecka, declension pattern of mesto)
* Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)

#### Related terms

* Turek
* Turkyňa
* turecký
* turecky

### See also

* Albánsko
* Andorra
* Arménsko
* Azerbajdžan
* Belgicko
* Bielorusko
* Bosna a Hercegovina
* Bulharsko
* Česko
* Chorvátsko
* Čierna Hora
* Cyprus
* Dánsko
* Estónsko
* Fínsko
* Francúzsko
* Grécko
* Gruzínsko
* Holandsko
* Írsko
* Island
* Kazachstan
* Kosovo
* Lichtenštajnsko
* Litva
* Lotyšsko
* Luxembursko
* Maďarsko
* Malta
* Moldavsko
* Monako
* Nemecko
* Nórsko
* Poľsko
* Portugalsko
* Rakúsko
* Rumunsko
* Rusko
* San Maríno
* Severné Macedónsko
* Slovensko
* Slovinsko
* Španielsko
* Spojené kráľovstvo
* Srbsko
* Švajčiarsko
* Švédsko
* Taliansko
* Turecko
* Ukrajina
* Vatikán

### Further reading

* “Turecko”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# ܦܝܣܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πεῖσις (peîsis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [p(ə)jɑsɑ], [pisɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [p(ə)jɑse], [pise] (plural)

### Noun

ܦܝܣܐ • (pyāsā) m (plural ܦܝܣܐ)
* persuasion, conviction, assurance, confidence, faith
* persuasiveness
* supplication, intercession
* explanation, answer, proof, argument, reasoning, view
* credit, power
* moderation

#### Inflection
### References

* “pys”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 274b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 444b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1188b
# δημῷ
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛː.mɔ̂ːi̯/ → /ðiˈmo/ → /ðiˈmo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dɛː.mɔ̂ːi̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /de̝ˈmo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ðiˈmo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ðiˈmo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ðiˈmo/

### Noun

δημῷ • (dēmôi)
* dative singular of δημός (dēmós)
# špinavém
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃpɪnavɛːm]

### Adjective

špinavém
* locative masculine/neuter singular of špinavý
# feno-
## Italian
### Prefix

feno-
* pheno- (all senses)

#### Derived terms
## Polish
### Etymology

Derived from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛ.nɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnɔ
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

feno-
* pheno-, showing
    ‎feno- + ‎-grafia → ‎fenografia

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* feno- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Spanish
### Prefix

feno-
* pheno- (all senses)
# wyłygać
## Polish
### Etymology

From wyłgać +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /vɘˈwɘ.ɡat͡ɕ/
** (Lasovia) IPA: /vɘˈwɘ.ɡat͡ɕ/

### Verb

wyłygać impf (perfective wyłgać)
* (transitive, Kielce, Lasovia) Synonym of wyłgiwać (“to cadge”)

#### Derived terms

* wyłygac

### Further reading

* Jan Łoś (1886) “vyłygać”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 190
* Szymon Matusiak (1880) “vyłygać”, in “Gwara lasowska w okolicy Tarnobrzega, studyjum dyjalektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 178
# McCarthyism
## English
### Etymology

From McCarthy +‎ -ism, named after United States Senator Joseph McCarthy. Originates from a 1950 Washington Post political cartoon by Herbert Block.

### Noun

McCarthyism (usually uncountable, plural McCarthyisms)
* (derogatory) The mass pressure, harassment, and/or blacklisting used to pressure people to follow popular political beliefs, especially as opposed to communism.
** 2024 November 17, Carole Cadwalladr, “How to survive the broligarchy: 20 lessons for the post-truth world”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-11-28:This is McMuskism: it’s McCarthyism on steroids, political persecution + Trump + Musk + Silicon Valley surveillance tools. It’s the dawn of a new age of political witch-hunts, where burning at the stake meets data harvesting and online mobs.

#### Translations
### Proper noun

McCarthyism
* The intense opposition to, and fear and suspicion of, Communism, particularly in the United States during the 1950s.
    Hypernym: anticommunism
** 1964, Daniel Bell, The Radical Right, page 234:An important symptom of the difference between McCarthyism and Birchism is the shift in the geographical center of gravity.

#### Translations
### Related terms

* McCarthyist
* McCarthyistic
* McCarthyite
* McCarthyesque

### See also

* witch-hunt
# 春田
## Chinese

* 春田

### Etymology

Calque of English Springfield.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Chūntián
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣ ㄊㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon$^1$ tin$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Chūntián
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ ㄊㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Chuntián
*** Wade–Giles: Chʻun$^1$-tʻien$^2$
*** Yale: Chwūn-tyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chuentyan
*** Palladius: Чуньтянь (Čunʹtjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceon$^1$ tin$^4$
*** Yale: chēun tìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen$^1$ tin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cên$^1$ tin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ tʰiːn²¹/

### Proper noun

春田
* Springfield (placename)

#### Synonyms

* 斯普林菲爾德／斯普林菲尔德 (Sīpǔlínfēi'ěrdé)
# ܦܟܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Compare Classical Syriac ܦܟܝܗܐ (pakkīhā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [paːxaː]

### Adjective

ܦܵܟ݂ܵܐ • (pāḵā) (feminine ܦܵܟ݂ܬܵܐ (pāḵtā), plural ܦܵܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ (pāḵē))
* (of food) bland, tasteless, without flavor
    Antonym: ܡܲܪ ܛܲܥܡܵܐ (mar ṭaˁmā)
* (of a person or their speech or actions) meaningless, pointless, stupid

### Noun

ܦܵܟ݂ܵܐ • (pāḵā) m (plural ܦܵܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ (pāḵē), feminine ܦܵܟ݂ܬܵܐ (pāḵtā))
* person that says meaningless talk or performs meaningless actions

## Classical Syriac
### Alternative forms

* ܦܓܐ

### Etymology

Compare Arabic فَكّ (fakk, “jaw”) and Hebrew פַּךְ (paḵ, “jar, jug”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pakkɑ] (in the singular)
* IPA: [pakke] (in the plural)

### Noun

ܦܟܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܦܟܐ)
* slap, smack, blow, buffet
* outstretched tooth, tusk
* (anatomy) jaw; maxilla, jawbone; cheek, cheekbone
* (figuratively) side of an altar

#### Inflection
### References

* “pk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 275a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 445a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1190a
# in reverse
## English
### Prepositional phrase

in reverse
* Of a motion, sequence, etc.: backwards; reversed.
    The Satanic message can be unmasked by playing the song in reverse.
* Of a motor car: in reverse gear.
    When the officer approached the car, the driver put it in reverse and drove away.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* reversine, in reserve
# bıçakçılar
## Turkish
### Noun

bıçakçılar
* nominative plural of bıçakçı
# OHA
## English
### Proper noun

OHA
* Initialism of Office of Hearings and Appeals (US SSA)
* (military, US) Initialism of Overseas Housing Allowance.

### Anagrams

* AHO, HOA, Hao, Hoa, hao, hoa, hào, ǂHõã
# effeminize
## English
### Alternative forms

effeminise

### Verb

effeminize (third-person singular simple present effeminizes, present participle effeminizing, simple past and past participle effeminized)
* (transitive) To make effeminate.

#### Derived terms

* effeminization

### References

* “effeminize”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# もの知り
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 知
* し Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of もの知り – see the following entry. :
| 【物知ものしり】 | [noun] broad knowledge [noun] a very knowledgeable person Alternative spelling 物識り |
(This term, もの知り, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# ܦܠܢ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Compare Classical Syriac ܦܠܢ (plān), Arabic فُلَان (fulān) and Hebrew פְּלוֹנִי (ploní).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [pɪllɑːn]

### Pronoun

ܦܸܠܵܢ • (pillān) m sg or pl (feminine ܦܠܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (plānīṯā))
* A placeholder name for a person, used when a name is not known; a generic name; so-and-so, such-and-such
    ܡ̣ܢ ܦܸܠܵܢ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ. ― min pillān yāwmā. ― From such-and-such day.
    ܬܸܡܵܠ ܚܙܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܦܸܠܵܢ ܘܕܪܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܫܠܵܡܹ̈ܐ.timmāl ḥzē lī pillān w-drē lī šlāmē.Yesterday I saw so-and-so and said hi.
* (modifying a plural noun) some, certain
    ܡܛܵܝܵܐ ܠܦܸܠܵܢ ܢܝܼܫܹ̈ܐ. ― mṭāyā lpillān nīšē. ― Bringing about of particular goals.
    ܟܸܣܦܵܐ ܕܢܵܒ݂ܹܥ ܡ̣ܢ ܦܸܠܵܢ ܡܲܒܘܼܥܹ̈ܐ.kispā dnāḇēˁ min pillān mabūˁē.Money derived from some resources.

#### Derived terms

* ܙܲܦܠܵܢ ܘܙܲܦܠܵܢ (zaplān w-zaplān)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

Compare Arabic فُلَان (fulān) and Hebrew פְּלוֹנִי (pəlônî).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [p(ə)lɑn] (singular and plural)

### Noun

ܦܠܢ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܦܠܢ, singular feminine counterpart ܦܠܢܝܬܐ)
* so-and-so, such-and-such

### Determiner

ܦܠܢ • (transliteration needed) m
* (modifying a plural noun) some, certain

### References

* “pln”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 278b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1201b
# ꜣtf
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ɑtɛf/
** Conventional anglicization: atef

### Proper noun

m
* the Atef, a white feathered crown worn by gods, and particularly by Osiris [since the Middle Kingdom]

#### Alternative forms

| ꜣtf | ꜣtf | ꜣtfw | ꜣtfw |
| [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |

### Verb

3-lit.
* (intransitive) to be crowned with the Atef crown [New Kingdom]
* (intransitive, transitive) to be provided or equipped (± m: with) [Greco-Roman Period]

#### Inflection

infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive$^1$
singular
plural
ꜣtf
ꜣtfw, ꜣtf
ꜣtft
ꜣtf
ꜣtf
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective$^2$
periphrastic prospective$^2$
ꜣtf
ḥr ꜣtf
m ꜣtf
r ꜣtf
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
ꜣtf.n
ꜣtfw, ꜣtf
consecutive
ꜣtf.jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
terminative
ꜣtft
perfective$^3$
ꜣtf
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
obligative$^1$
ꜣtf.ḫr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
imperfective
ꜣtf
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
prospective$^3$
ꜣtf
ꜣtff
potentialis$^1$
ꜣtf.kꜣ
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
subjunctive
ꜣtf
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ꜣtf.n
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
perfective
ꜣtf
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
ꜣtf
ꜣtf, ꜣtfw$^5$, ꜣtfy$^5$
imperfective
ꜣtf, ꜣtfy, ꜣtfw$^5$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
ꜣtf, ꜣtfj$^6$, ꜣtfy$^6$
ꜣtf, ꜣtfw$^5$
prospective
ꜣtf, ꜣtftj$^7$
ꜣtftj$^4$, ꜣtft$^4$
$^1$ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
$^2$ Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
$^3$ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
$^4$ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
$^5$ Only in the masculine singular.
$^6$ Only in the masculine.
$^7$ Only in the feminine. :

#### Alternative forms

| ꜣtf | ꜣtf |
| [Greco-Roman Period] |

### References

* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 23.2–23.5
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 6
# Rote
## German
### Noun

Rote f (genitive Rote, plural Roten)
* female Red (communist or socialist)
# boyacıyı
## Turkish
### Noun

boyacıyı
* definite accusative singular of boyacı
# aldarull
## Catalan
### Alternative forms

* aldarulla

### Etymology

Uncertain, perhaps from al·leluia.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əl.dəˈɾuʎ]
* IPA: (Valencia) [al.daˈɾuʎ]
* Rhymes: -uʎ

### Noun

aldarull m (plural aldarulls)
* stir, fuss, hoo-ha, uproar
    Synonyms: avalot, rebombori, gatzara
* riot
** 2020 November 1, “Segona nit d'aldarulls per les restriccions anti-Covid a Madrid, Màlaga i Logronyo”, in CCMA Notícies‎:El malestar per les restriccions per la Covid, sumat al negacionisme i, en alguns casos, a convocatòries d'extrema dreta, s'estén. Divendres van ser Barcelona, Burgos i Santander, i aquest dissabte hi ha hagut protestes amb aldarulls a Madrid, Màlaga, Logronyo, Bilbao i, de nou, Santander.Discontent with the restrictions due to COVID is spreading, combined with denialism and, in certain cases, with far-right organizing. On Friday it was Barcelona, Burgos, and Santander, and this Saturday there were protests with riots in Madrid, Málaga, Logroño, Bilbao, and again in Santander.

### Further reading

* “aldarull” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “aldarull”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
# efferous
## English
### Etymology

From Latin efferus (“savage”), from ex (“intensifier”) + ferus (“wild”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛfəɹəs/

### Adjective

efferous (comparative more efferous, superlative most efferous)
* (obsolete) wild like a beast; fierce or ferocious
** 1614, John King, Vitis Palatina:From the teeth of that efferous beast, from the tusk of the wild boar, – O Thou, that art the root and generation of David, preserve our root and all his generation.

#### Related terms

* efferate

### References

* “efferous”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# Christmas Eve
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English Cristemasse eve, from an assumed Old English *Cristes mæsseǣfen.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Proper noun

Christmas Eve (plural Christmas Eves)
* The evening before Christmas Day.
* The day before Christmas Day.
** 1681, Church of England, The book of common prayer:This Collect is to be repeated every day with the other Collects in Advent, until Christmas-Eve.
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXX, page 48:With trembling fingers did we weave ⁠The holly round the Chrismas hearth; ⁠A rainy cloud possess’d the earth, And sadly fell our Christmas-eve.
** 1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., published 1921, page 27:Why was the cock supposed to crow all Christmas Eve ("The bird of dawning singeth all night long")?
** 1986, The Philippine Journal of Education, volume 65, page 38, column 1:The family celebrated Christmas Eves together in the military stockade, sleeping on mattresses on the floor of Ninoy’s cell.
** 2015, Rhoda G. Penny, chapter 7, in An Extra Ordinary Life, Mustang, Okla.: Tate Publishing & Enterprises, LLC, →ISBN, page 62:Brad led Matthew into the family room where they celebrated Christmas Eves and told Matthew, “Papa’s gone. He’s in heaven, and we’ll never see him again.”
** 2017, Gillian McAllister, Everything but the Truth, London: Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 294:And I was mourning the future, too. That Wally wouldn’t spend Christmas Eves with both of his parents, dressed up like a Santa or a Christmas pudding, overindulged in the morning.
** 2023 December 27, David Turner, “Silent lines...”, in RAIL, number 999, page 30:In 1965, all Coventry's banks closed at noon on Christmas Eve for the first time, to "enable bank staff to get away at a reasonable time". […] On Christmas Day itself there will be no trains, for recent experience has shown that few wish to travel then, even on services which had been drastically reduced: earlier closing of shops and offices on Christmas Eve is the chief reason for this change in the pattern of travel.

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* Christmas Eve on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Boxing Day
* St. Stephen's Day
# ܦܣܦܣܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ψηφίς (psēphís). Compare Mishnaic Hebrew פְּסֶפֶס (pəsép̄es).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɛsp(ə)sɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [pɛsp(ə)se] (plural)

### Noun

ܦܣܦܣܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܦܣܦܣܐ)
* pebble
* game piece, die
* (in the plural) game of dice

#### Inflection
### References

* “psps”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 281a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 452b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1212a