# под
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔt]
* Homophone: пот (pot)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

#### Noun

под • (pod) m
* floor (ground)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *podъ. Equivalent to по (po, “upon, at”) +‎ -д (-d).

#### Preposition

под • (pod)
* under
* below

### References

* “под”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “под”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Anagrams

* под- (pod-)

## Eastern Mari
### Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *pata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pot/
* Rhymes: -ot
* Hyphenation: под

### Noun

под • (pod)
* pot, cauldron
* boiler

#### Derived terms

* кишпод (kišpod)

### References

* J. Bradley et al. (2023) “под”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔt]
* Homophone: пот (pot)

### Noun

под • (pod) m (relational adjective поден)
* floor (ground)

#### Declension
### Preposition

под • (pod)
* under
    Кучето се скри под столот. ― Kučeto se skri pod stolot. ― The dog hid under the chair.
* below
    Тоа е закопано под земјата. ― Toa e zakopano pod zemjata. ― It is buried below the ground.

## Russian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

#### Alternative forms

* подъ (pod) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* подо (podo) (before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-))

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pət]
* IPA: [pɐt] (before a stressed syllable)
* IPA: [ˈpot] (when stressed)
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: пот (pot) (when stressed)

#### Preposition

под • (pod)
* [with accusative]
** under, below, beneath (movement to beneath a location)
    нырну́ть под во́ду ― nyrnútʹ pod vódu ― to dive underwater
    положи́ть под крова́ть ― položítʹ pod krovátʹ ― to put under a bed
** under (beginning to fall under a condition, state or period of action)
    попа́сть под обстре́л ― popástʹ pod obstrél ― to fall/come under fire
** towards, to
** approaching, slightly less than (a quantitative characteristic, such as weight, age, etc.)
    лет под со́рок ― let pod sórok ― approaching forty years old
** shortly before, towards, approaching (a time)
    под ве́чер ― pod véčer ― towards/in the evening
    под коне́ц ― pod konéc ― towards/in/at/by the end
** in imitation of, à la
    раскра́шенный под леопа́рда ― raskrášennyj pod leopárda ― painted to look like a leopard
    га́лстук под цвет фо́рмы ― gálstuk pod cvet fórmy ― a tie to match the colour/color of a uniform
    под стать ― pod statʹ ― to match
** for, suitable as
    уча́сток под строи́тельство ― učástok pod stroítelʹstvo ― land for construction
    оста́вить уча́сток под карто́фель ― ostávitʹ učástok pod kartófelʹ ― to leave a plot for potatoes
    отвести́ помеще́ние под музе́й ― otvestí pomeščénije pod muzéj ― to set aside a room for a museum
    ту́мбочка под телеви́зор ― túmbočka pod televízor ― a bedside table for a television
    земля́ под хлеб ― zemljá pod xleb ― ground for bread
    гото́вый под посе́в ― gotóvyj pod posév ― ready for sowing
    маленькую ко́мнату отвели́ под спа́льню ― malenʹkuju kómnatu otvelí pod spálʹnju ― a small room was taken as a bedroom
    корзи́на под карто́шку ― korzína pod kartóšku ― basket for potatoes
** to (a piece of music, the sound of...)
    засыпа́ть под пе́сню ― zasypátʹ pod pésnju ― to fall asleep to a song
* [with instrumental]
** under, below, beneath (being beneath a location)
    пла́вать под водо́й ― plávatʹ pod vodój ― to swim underwater
    под кры́шей ― pod krýšej ― under a roof
** under (being under a condition, state or period of action)
    под руково́дством ― pod rukovódstvom ― under the leadership (of)
    под ви́дом ― pod vídom ― under the guise (of)
    под прикры́тием ― pod prikrýtijem ― undercover / under the cover (of)
** near, by
    Сражéние под Прóхоровкой ― Sražénije pod Próxorovkoj ― The Battle of Prokhorovka (literally, “The Battle near Prokhorovka”)
    под руко́й ― pod rukój ― at/on hand
** at (an angle)
    под о́стрым угло́м ― pod óstrym uglóm ― at an acute angle

##### Usage notes

* подо (podo) is used before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-).

#### See also

* под- (pod-)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

#### Alternative forms

* подъ (pod) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpot]

#### Noun

под • (pod) m inan (genitive по́да, nominative plural поды́, genitive plural подо́в)
* (dated, rare) hearth, hearthstone
* (dated, rare) floor

##### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôd/

#### Noun

по̏д m (Latin spelling pȍd)
* floor
    пасти на под ― to fall to the floor
* ground

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

#### Alternative forms

* пода (enclitic pronominal form)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôd/

#### Preposition

по̏д (Latin spelling pȍd)
* under, beneath (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [with accusative]
    Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
    с(ј)ела је под стабло ― she sat under the tree
    пао је под влак ― he fell under the train
* under, beneath (stationary, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [with instrumental]
    Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
    она с(ј)еди под стаблом ― she is sitting under the tree
    под сунцем ― under the sun
* under, beneath (being in a particular condition) [with instrumental]
    бити под сумњом ― to be under suspicion
    бити под притиском ― to be under pressure
    бити под дојмом ― to be under impression
    под оружјем ― under arms
    бити под надзором ― to be under supervision/surveillance
    бити под нечијом заштитом ― to be under someone's protection
    бити под нагласком ― to be accented (stressed), to be under the accent (stress)
    писати под псеудонимом ― to write under the pen name, pseudonymously
    бити под заклетвом ― to be under oath
* near, toward, in (temporal, with nouns denoting a final temporal segment) [with accusative]
    под јесен ― toward fall
    под крај ― near the end
    под старост ― in one's old age
* during (temporal) [with instrumental]
    под одмором ― during the (school) break
    под паузом ― during the (job) break
    под сатом ― during the (school) lesson
    под владавином ― during the reign of
* as, instead of, in lieu of [with accusative]
    покушати продати мркву под роткву ― to try selling carrot as radish
* miscellaneous idiomatic meanings
    то је под морање ― that is obligatory
    бацити под ноге ― to reject, throw away
    небу под облаке ― far away
    под ув(ј)етом/условом да ― under the condition of, on the condition that
    под изговором ― under the pretext
    под Загребом ― near Zagreb
    под Велебитом ― at the foot of Velebit, on the foothills of Velebit
    под коровом ― covered/overgrown with weed
    ништа под (милим) богом ― absolutely nothing
    под контролом (wитх генитиве) ― under the control (of)
    под тим(е) мислим ― by that I mean
    бити под антибиотицима ― to be on antibiotics
    под правим кутом ― perpendicular