# North Hamgyong
## English
### Alternative forms

* North Hamgyeong

### Etymology

Partial calque of Korean 함경북도(咸鏡北道) (hamgyeongbukdo).

### Proper noun

North Hamgyong
* A province of North Korea. Capital: Chongjin
** [1929 December, Ransford S. Miller, “Railway Development in Chosen”, in The Far Eastern Review‎, volume XXV, number 12, →OCLC, page 570, column 1:This line is a continuation of the Seoul-Gensan line and extends from Gensan, in South Kanko Province, to Kainei (Korean “Hoiryong”; Chinese “Huining”), in North Kanko, a distance of some 383.8 miles.]
** 1963, M. G. Levin, “The Physical Types of the Koreans and Japanese”, in Henry N. Michael, editor, Ethnic Origins of the Peoples of Northeastern Asia‎, University of Toronto Press, →OCLC, page 290:According to the birthplace of the parents, the subjects were distributed as follows: North Hamgyong province of North Korea, 179 men and 11 women; other provinces of North Korea, 106 men and 16 women; Korea (without indication of province), 107 men and 33 women; Far East, 94 men and 39 women. […] In order to bring out possible geographical differences in the physical type of the subjects examined, we set apart the group of natives from North Hamgyong as numerically adequately representative when we processed the data for the men.
** 1976, Wayne S. Kiyosaki, “The Perils of Independence and Belligerency: 1965-69”, in North Korea's Foreign Relations: The Politics of Accommodation, 1945-75‎, Praeger Publishers, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 86:At least 11 and probably more of the permanent and candidate members belonged to Kim's old Kapsan faction, made up of men who fought together in Manchuria and then escaped to the Soviet Union. At least 8 of the top 11 members were from North Hamgyong Province and most were either educated in Russia or formerly involved in Soviet affairs.
** [1986 August 18 [1985 November-December], “An Analysis of the Expansion of Jilin's Exports to Japan”, in China Report: Economic Affairs‎, number 86-096, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page 82:Qingjin harbor is located in the city of Qingjin in Xianjin Beidao, Korea. It is divided into east and west ports.]
** 1990, Bruce Cumings, “Notes”, in The Origins of the Korean War‎, volume II, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 829:Provincial data on the 1949 elections for North Hamgyŏng Province show that about 40 percent of those elected to provincial, city, and county posts were peasants, about 30 percent were workers.
** 2013 July, “The Reality of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights”, in White Paper on Human Rights in North Korea 2013‎, Korea Institute for National Unification, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 335:In 2011, there were five family physicians in Kang-an dong, Hoeryeong City, North Hamgyong Province. The number was reduced, and only one is currently serving, and he does not play his proper role of being a family physician.
** 2017 October 30, Sang-Hun Choe, “North Korea Nuclear Tests Raise Fears of Radioactive Fallout”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-10-30, Asia Pacific‎:North Korea has conducted six nuclear tests since 2006, all of them in tunnels buried deep under Mount Mantap in Punggye-ri, in North Hamgyong Province.
** 2018 June 8, Jessica Formoso, “From North Korea refugee to U.S. citizen in New York Our American Dream”, in WNYW‎, archived from the original on 2020-07-16‎:Joseph was born in 1990 in Hoeryŏng a city in North Hamgyŏng province, North Korea. Happy memories of his childhood ended in 2002 when North Korea's great famine took a deadly toll on his family.
** 2021 October 20, Amy Cheng, “Chinese city hunts for North Korean defector facing deportation who escaped from prison”, in The Washington Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-10-20, Asia‎:A North Korean official provided testimony during a trial that Zhu had worked as a coal miner in North Hamgyong, a region that shares a long border with China’s Jilin province. Defectors fleeing the totalitarian Kim regime have attempted to cross via the Tumen River that straddles the Chinese-North Korean border.

#### Holonyms

* Hamgyong

#### Translations
### Further reading

* North Hamgyong, North Hamgyeong at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
* Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “North Hamgyong”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World‎, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 1342, column 1: “Jap. [Japanese] Kankyo-hokudo, Korean Hamgyong-pukdo”
* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “North Hamgyong”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 2212, column 1