# 經驗
## Chinese
### Etymology

Attestable in Classical Chinese. Popularised from Japanese 經驗(けいけん) (keiken).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīngyàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ging$^1$ jim$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gen$^1$ ngiam$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kîn-ngiam
    (Hailu, HRS): gin$^ˋ$ ngiam$^˖$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ging$^1$ ngieng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): keng-giām
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng$^1$ ngiam$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīngyàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jingyàn
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$-yen$^4$
*** Yale: jīng-yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingyann
*** Palladius: цзинъянь (czinʺjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ jɛn⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$經驗 / 经验 驚豔 / 惊艳
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ging$^1$ jim$^6$
*** Yale: gīng yihm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ging$^1$ jim$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ging$^1$ yim$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪŋ⁵⁵ jiːm²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gen$^1$ ngiam$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ken³³ ᵑɡiam³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-ngiam
*** Hakka Romanization System: gin$^ˊ$ ngiam
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gin$^1$ ngiam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯am⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gin$^ˋ$ ngiam$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /kin⁵³ ŋiam³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ging$^1$ ngieng$^5$ [Phonetic: ging$^2$ ngieng$^5$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ging-ngiāng
*** Sinological IPA : /kiŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ ŋiɛŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-giām
*** Tâi-lô: king-giām
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kenggiam
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiam³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiam²²/
*** IPA (Singapore): /keŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiam²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /kiɪŋ³³ ɡiam⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gêng$^1$ ngiam$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng ngiām
*** Sinological IPA : /keŋ³³⁻²³ ŋiam¹¹/

### Noun

經驗
* (countable, uncountable) experience (Classifier: 個／个; 條／条)
    豐富的經驗／丰富的经验 ― fēngfù de jīngyàn ― extensive experience
    丟人經驗／丢人经验 ― diūrén jīngyàn ― embarrassing experience
    實際經驗／实际经验 ― shíjì jīngyàn ― practical experience
    值得借鑑的經驗／值得借鉴的经验 ― zhídé jièjiàn de jīngyàn ― experiences worth learning from
    楓橋經驗／枫桥经验 ― fēngqiáo jīngyàn ― Fengqiao Experience (a method from the Cultural Revolution for using massed groups of citizens to monitor and reform those who are labeled as “class enemies”)
       nǐ zhīqián de gōngzuò jīngyàn [Pinyin]
       your previous job experience

### Verb

經驗
* to go through; to experience; to undergo

#### Synonyms

* 履歷 / 履历 (lǚlì) (literary)
* 涉歷 / 涉历 (shèlì) (literary)
* 經歷 / 经历 (jīnglì)
* 親自經受 / 亲自经受 (qīnzì jīngshòu)
* 閱 / 阅 (yuè) (literary, or in compounds)
* 閱歷 / 阅历 (yuèlì)

### Adjective

經驗
* (attributive) empirical
    經驗科學／经验科学 ― jīngyàn kēxué ― empirical science
    經驗證據／经验证据 ― jīngyàn zhèngjù ― empirical evidence

### Derived terms

* 直接經驗 / 直接经验 (zhíjiē jīngyàn)
* 經驗主義 / 经验主义 (jīngyànzhǔyì)
* 經驗值 / 经验值 (jīngyànzhí)
* 經驗論 / 经验论 (jīngyànlùn)
* 間接經驗 / 间接经验 (jiànjiē jīngyàn)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 経験(けいけん) (keiken)
* → Korean: 경험(經驗) (gyeongheom)
* → Vietnamese: kinh nghiệm (經驗)

### See also

* 感到 (gǎndào)
* 感受 (gǎnshòu)
* 受到 (shòudào)
* 經歷／经历 (jīnglì)
* 接受 (jiēshòu)
* 體會／体会 (tǐhuì)
* 體驗／体验 (tǐyàn)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 經 | 驗 |
| けい Hyōgai | けん Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 經驗 – see the following entry. :
| 【経験けいけん】 | [noun] experience (an experience or one's (overall) experience) [verb] to experience |
(This term, 經驗, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 經 | 驗 |

### Noun

經驗 • (gyeongheom) (hangeul 경험)
* hanja form of 경험 (“experience”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 經 | 驗 |

### Noun

經驗
* chữ Hán form of kinh nghiệm (“experience”).