# と

| と | U+3068, &#12392; HIRAGANA LETTER TO |
| ← で [U+3067] | Hiragana | ど → [U+3069] |

## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞]

### Etymology 1

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 止 in the cursive sōsho style.

#### Syllable

と • (to)
* The hiragana syllable と (to). Its equivalent in katakana is ト (to). It is the twentieth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is た行お段 (ta-gyō o-dan, “row ta, section o”).

##### Derived terms

* ど (do)

##### See also

* (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲 (𛄲)ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐 (𛅐)ゐ゙, 𛄟 (𛄟), ゑ𛅑 (𛅑)ゑ゙, を𛅒 (𛅒)を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ

### Etymology 2

⟨to$_2$⟩ → */tə/ → /to/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tə.

#### Particle

と • (to)
* with
    僕(ぼく)と行(い)きたい？
       Boku to ikitai?
       Do you want to go with me?
    あなたと一緒(いっしょ)に行(い)きます。
       Anata to issho ni ikimasu.
       I will go with you.
* (when between nouns) and
    と can be attached to both nouns, but this is no longer common. Compare Korean 과 (-gwa), which also used to have this phenomenon.
    彼女(かのじょ)は英語(えいご)とフランス語(ご)（と）が話(はな)せる。
       Kanojo wa eigo to furansugo (to) ga hanaseru.
       She can speak English and French.
    それとこれ。
       Sore to kore.
       That and this.
    犬(いぬ)と猫(ねこ)（と）を私(わたし)は飼(か)っている。
       Inu to neko (to) o watashi wa katteiru.
       I keep the dog and the cat.
* a particle following a phrase or clause describing the detail, content or manner of the action, similar to a complement, and usually found after dialogue, whether spoken or thought.
    「お願(ねが)い！」と、彼女(かのじょ)は言(い)った。
       “Onegai!” to, kanojo wa itta.
       "Please!", she said.
    なんだと！？
       Nan da to!?
       What!?
    これはダメだと思(おも)います。
       Kore wa dame da to omoimasu.
       I think this won't work.
       (literally, “‘This won't work,’ I think.”)
    小川(おがわ)が集(あつ)めて大河(たいが)となる。
       Ogawa ga atsumete taiga to naru.
       Small streams gather and become big rivers.
    氷(こおり)と化(か)す
       kōri to kasu
       become ice
    交戦(こうせん)で北朝鮮兵死亡(きたちょうせんへいしぼう)と米紙(べいし)
       kōsen de Kita-Chōsen-hei shibō to beishi
       North Korean troops die in skirmish, according to US news
* if (when appended to a dictionary-form verb and followed by a present-tense sentence)
    勉強(べんきょう)すると分(わ)かる。
       Benkyō suru to wakaru.
       If you study, you'll understand.
    円高(えんだか)が進(すす)むと、日本(にほん)経済(けいざい)が混乱(こんらん)する。
       Endaka ga susumu to, Nihon keizai ga konran suru.
       If the high yen continues, the Japanese economy will be in dire straits.
    二(に)と三(さん)を掛(か)けると六(ろく)になる。
       Ni to san o kakeru to roku ni naru.
       If you multiply two and three, they make six.
* when (when appended to a dictionary form verb and followed by a past-tense sentence)
    マンハッタンへ行(い)くと、大学(だいがく)の友達(ともだち)に会(あ)った。
       Manhattan e iku to, daigaku no tomodachi ni atta.
       When I went to Manhattan, I met a friend from university.
* can be attached to some adverbs to (slightly) highlight the explanatory nature of the adverb
    そよそよ風(かぜ)が吹(ふ)く そよそよと風(かぜ)が吹(ふ)く
       soyosoyo kaze ga fuku
       A gentle breeze blows.
       soyosoyo to kaze ga fuku
       The breeze blows gently.

##### Usage notes

* と (to) in the sense of "and" can only be used to conjoin nouns; not verbs or sentences. They are joined by conjugation.
* と (to) in the sense of "and" implies that the list is complete. In the above sentence, the subject only speaks English and French. To imply other items, the particles とか (toka) or や (ya) are used in lieu of と (to). The particle など (nado, “etc., and so on”) can be appended to a list of nouns conjoined by と to imply that there are other items on the list.
* と (to) in the sense of "if" can be interchangeable with the conditional particles ば (ba) and たら (tara)/なら (nara) if the conditionals describe a hypothetical effect of an action.
* When と (to) is used in the meaning "when" it implies that the action following と happened abruptly. See とき (toki).

##### Derived terms

* って (-tte)
* と言(い)う (to iu)
* とさ (to sa)
* とする (to suru)
* とて (tote)
* とも (to mo)
* すると (suru to)
* など (nado)

##### See also

* や (ya)
* とは (to wa)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

と • (to)
* Short for と金 (tokin): a promoted 歩兵 (fuhyō, “pawn”) that moves like a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)

### Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of と – see the following entries. :
| 【戸】2 | [noun] door; a plate placed on doorway Alternative spelling 門 |
| 【十】1 | [numeral] ten, 10 |
| 【音】1 | [noun] sound; echo; voice |
| 【外】2 | [noun] (the) outside [noun] toilet |
| 【所】3 | [affix] place Alternative spelling 処 |
| 【跡】S | [noun] Used in compound terms such as 跡(と)絶(だ)える (todaeru, “to cut off, sever”), 跡(と)見(み) (tomi, “tracking (in hunting)”), etc. |
| 【都】3 | [noun] a capital city [noun] a city, metropolis [noun] Short for 東京都 (Tōkyō-to): the capital prefecture of Tokyo [affix] city, metropolis [affix] capital city [affix] elegant, graceful, refined [affix] gather, command [counter] counter for metropolis prefectures |
| 【徒】4 | [noun] fellows, same kind people; a set, a party, a gang |
| 【斗】S | [noun] an obsolete unit of liquid measure equal to about 18 liters (18,000 cm³) |
| 【土】1 | [proper noun] Short for トルコ (Toruko): Turkey |
| 【鳥】2 | [prefix] a bird [prefix] (more specifically) a chicken |
(This term, と (to), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as と, see Category:Japanese kanji read as と.) :
(The following entries do not have a page created for them yet: 人, 利, 砥, 途, 堵.)