# 恍

| 恍 | U+604D, &#24653; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-604D |
| ← 恌 [U+604C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 恎 → [U+604E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

恍 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心火一山 (PFMU), four-corner 9901$_1$, composition ⿰忄光)

#### Derived characters

* 𦞔

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 384, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10546
* Dae Jaweon: page 714, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2295, character 4
* Unihan data for U+604D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 光 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs |
| 灮 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 洸 | *kʷaːŋ, *qʷaːŋ |
| 桄 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs |
| 胱 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 垙 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 輄 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 恍 | *kʷaːŋ, *qʰʷaːŋʔ |
| 茪 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 侊 | *kʷaːŋ, *kʷraːŋ |
| 晃 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 幌 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 榥 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 滉 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 觥 | *kʷraːŋ |
| 駫 | *kʷeːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʷaːŋ, *qʰʷaːŋʔ): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 光 (OC *kʷaːŋ, *kʷaːŋs). This character replaced 怳 (OC *hmaŋʔ)'s usage in the late Middle Chinese.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huǎng (huang$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fóng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horng$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hóng / hóaⁿ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$huaon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huǎng
*** Wade–Giles: huang$^3$
*** Yale: hwǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoang
*** Palladius: хуан (xuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^2$
*** Yale: fóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fóng
*** Hakka Romanization System: fong$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /foŋ³¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: horng$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hô̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: horng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng
*** Tâi-lô: hóng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: horng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /hɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: huánn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hvoar
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /huã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huã⁵³/
* hóng - literary;
* hóaⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: kwang
Rime :
| Character | 恍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古黃切 |
| Baxter | kwang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kwɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷaːŋ/, /*qʰʷaːŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 恍 | 恍 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 4513 | 4518 |
| Phonetic component | 光 | 光 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷaːŋ/ | /*qʰʷaːŋʔ/ |
| Notes | | 怳俗訛體 |

### Definitions

恍
* seemingly, as if (often used with 如 (rú), 若 (ruò))
    恍如夢境／恍如梦境 ― huǎngrú mèngjìng ― as if in a dream
* absent-minded
    恍狂 ― huǎngkuáng ― delirious
* Used in 恍惚 (huǎnghū) and 惚恍 (hūhuǎng).

### Compounds

* 心神恍惚 (xīnshénhuǎnghū)
* 心緒恍惚 / 心绪恍惚
* 忽恍 (hūhuǎng)
* 恍如 (huǎngrú)
* 恍如隔世 (huǎngrúgéshì)
* 恍忽 (huǎnghū)
* 恍怳
* 恍恍
* 恍恍忽忽
* 恍惘
* 恍惚 (huǎnghū)
* 恍然 (huǎngrán)
* 恍然大悟 (huǎngrándàwù)
* 恍若 (huǎngruò)
* 恍若隔世
* 惚恍 (hūhuǎng)
* 惝恍
* 愴恍 / 怆恍
* 朦朧恍惚 / 朦胧恍惚
* 神思恍惚
* 神情恍惚
* 精神恍惚
* 迷離倘恍 / 迷离倘恍

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “恍”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 94.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* unclear
* senile
* stupid
* joke

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: ほのか (honoka, 恍か)、とぼける (tobokeru, 恍ける)、ほれる (horeru, 恍れる)、うっとりする (uttorisuru)、くらい (kurai)

## Korean
### Hanja

恍 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
* seemingly
* absent-minded

## Vietnamese
### Han character

恍: Hán Nôm readings: hoảng, đoảng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.