# 二十
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): èrshí
       (Zhuyin): ㄦˋ ㄕˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): er$^4$ si$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): ērshi
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): ērshii / ērshii̊
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): эршы (eršɨ, III-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji$^6$ sap$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): ji$^3$ sok$^8$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngei$^5$ sip$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): eo$^5$ siit$^7$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngi-sṳ̍p
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngi$^4$ seb$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): er$^3$ seh$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): nī-sī
* Eastern Min (BUC): nê-sĕk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lī-cha̍p / jī-cha̍p / gī-cha̍p
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ri$^6$ zab$^8$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): nji$^6$ sap$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$gher-seq$_7$ / $^6$gni-seq$_7$ / $^3$er-zeq$_8$
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): e$^5$ shr$^6$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): eu$^5$ xi$^{2-1}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: èrshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄦˋ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: èrshíh
*** Wade–Giles: êrh$^4$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: èr-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ellshyr
*** Palladius: эрши (erši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: er$^4$ si$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: rs
*** Sinological IPA : /ɚ²¹³ sz̩²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: ērshi
*** Sinological IPA : /ər⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: ērshii / ērshii̊ [Phonetic: èrshii̊]
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): er$^4$ shii$^0$ / er$^4$ shii$^5$ [Phonetic: er$^1$ shii$^5$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ər⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩/, /ər⁴⁴⁻⁴² ʂʐ̩⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: эршы (eršɨ, III-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛɻ⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^6$ sap$^6$
*** Yale: yih sahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^6$ sap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^6$ seb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²² sɐp̚²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: ji$^3$ sok$^8$
*** Sinological IPA : /zi³² sɔk̚²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngei$^5$ sip$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡei³² sip̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: eo$^5$ siit$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɵ¹¹ sɨt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngi-sṳ̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngi siib
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngi$^4$ sib$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngi$^4$ seb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵³ səp̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: er$^3$ seh$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /əɻ⁴⁵ səʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nī-sī
*** Sinological IPA : /ni⁵⁵ si⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: nê-sĕk
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡi²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ $^{(s-)}$lɛiʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Philippines, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī-cha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: lī-tsa̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lixzap
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /li⁴¹⁻²² t͡sap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /li²²⁻¹² t͡sap̚⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /li²²⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /li³³⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Lukang): /li³¹⁻²² t͡sap̚³⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jī-cha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: jī-tsa̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jixzap
*** IPA (Yilan): /d͡zi³³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁵/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi³³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Tainan): /d͡zi³³⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi²²⁻²¹ t͡sap̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gī-cha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: gī-tsa̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gixzap
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ri$^6$ zab$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jĭ tsa̍p
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zi³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: nji$^6$ sap$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɲi²² səp̚²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gher-seq$_7$
*** MiniDict: r$^去$ seh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hher-seq$_4$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦəl²² səʔ⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɦəl²⁴ səʔ³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦəl²³ səʔ¹¹/
** (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gni-seq$_7$
*** MiniDict: nyi$^去$ seh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /n̠ʲi²⁴ səʔ³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲi²³ səʔ¹¹/
** (Northern: Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$er-zeq$_8$
*** MiniDict: 'r$^上$ zeh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /əl⁵⁵ zəʔ²¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: e$^5$ shr$^6$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ɤ̞²¹⁻¹¹ sz̩²⁴/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: eu$^5$ xi$^{2-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɤ¹¹ ɕi⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: nyijH dzyip
Rime :
| Character | 二 | 十 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) | 緝 (141) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 而至切 | 是執切 |
| Baxter | nyijH | dzyip |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiɪ$^H$/ | /d͡ʑiɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵi$^H$/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjɪ$^H$/ | /d͡ʑjep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵi$^H$/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵi$^H$/ | /ʑiəp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑi$^H$/ | /ʑĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi$^H$/ | /ʑi̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | èr | shí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^6$ | sap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ni[j]-s t.[ɡ]əp/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njis ɡjub/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 二 | 十 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | èr | shí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyij$^H$ › | ‹ dzyip › |
| Old Chinese | /*ni[j]-s/ | /*t.[ɡ]əp/ |
| English | two | ten |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 二 | 十 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2824 | 11452 |
| Phonetic component | 二 | 十 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 二 | 十 |
| Old Chinese | /*njis/ | /*ɡjub/ |

### Numeral

二十
* twenty; 20

#### Derived terms

* 一個錢打二十四個結 / 一个钱打二十四个结
* 一部二十四史，不知從何說起 / 一部二十四史，不知从何说起
* 三七二十一 (sān qī èrshíyī)
* 不問三七二十一 / 不问三七二十一
* 不管三七二十一 (bùguǎn sān qī èrshíyī)
* 二十一 (èrshíyī)
* 二十七 (èrshíqī)
* 二十三 (èrshísān)
* 二十九 (èrshíjiǔ)
* 二十二 (èrshí'èr)
* 二十五 (èrshíwǔ)
* 二十五味珍珠丸 (èrshíwǔwèi zhēnzhū wán)
* 二十五味珊瑚丸 (èrshíwǔwèi shānhú wán)
* 二十八 (èrshíbā)
* 二十八宿 (Èrshíbā Xiù)
* 二十六 (èrshíliù)
* 二十四 (èrshísì)
* 二十四史 (Èrshísì Shǐ)
* 二十四孝 (Èrshísì Xiào)
* 二十四時 / 二十四时
* 二十四橋 / 二十四桥
* 二十四節氣 / 二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì)
* 二十國集團 / 二十国集团 (Èrshí Guó Jítuán)
* 管他三七二十一 (guǎn tā sān qī èrshíyī)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: jicap

### Adjective

二十
* twentieth
    二十世紀／二十世纪 ― èrshí shìjì ― the twentieth century

### Proper noun

二十
* (～村) Ershi (a village in Huilong, Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

### See also

* 廿 (niàn)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 二 | 十 |
| に Grade: 1 | じゅう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 廿
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) にじゅう [níꜜjùù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɲ̟iʑɨː]
* Audio:(file)

#### Numeral

二(に)十(じゅう) • (nijū)
* twenty; 20

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 二 | 十 |
| はた ||
| Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spelling
* 廿
Believed to be cognate with 果(は)て (hate, “end”), with 20 signifying the "limit" of one person's counting ability using two feet and two hands. Already in declining use by the Heian period in favour of 二十(にじゅう) (nijū). Note also Ainu ホッ (hot, “twenty”).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Numeral

二十(はた) • (hata)
* (obsolete) twenty; 20

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 二 | 十 |
| ふたそじ ||
| Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spelling
* 二十路
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Numeral

二十(ふたそじ) • (futasoji)
* twenty; 20

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ 1990, 岩波古語辞典補訂版 (Iwanami Kogo Jiten Hoteiban) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 二 | 十 |

### Numeral

二十 • (isip) (hangeul 이십)
* hanja form of 이십 (“twenty”)