# 糖

| 糖 | U+7CD6, &#31958; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CD6 |
| ← 糕 [U+7CD5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 糗 → [U+7CD7] |
| 糖 | U+FA03, &#64003; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA03 |
| ← 拓 [U+FA02] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 宅 → [U+FA04] |

## Translingual
### Han character

糖 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火木戈中口 (FDILR), four-corner 9096$_7$, composition ⿰米唐)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 911, character 38
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27070
* Dae Jaweon: page 1338, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3157, character 7
* Unihan data for U+7CD6
* Unihan data for U+FA03

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 糖
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 唐 | *ɡl'aːŋ |
| 煻 | *l'aːŋ |
| 糖 | *l'aːŋ |
| 搪 | *l'aːŋ |
| 蓎 | *l'aːŋ |
| 瑭 | *l'aːŋ |
| 餹 | *l'aːŋ |
| 篖 | *l'aːŋ |
| 螗 | *l'aːŋ |
| 塘 | *l'aːŋ |
| 鶶 | *l'aːŋ |
| 赯 | *l'aːŋ |
| 磄 | *l'aːŋ |
| 溏 | *l'aːŋ |
| 傏 | *l'aːŋ |
| 鎕 | *l'aːŋ |
| 榶 | *l'aːŋ |
| 嵣 | *l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs |
| 庚 | *kraːŋ |
| 賡 | *kraːŋ |
| 鹒 | *kraːŋ |
| 康 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 穅 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 糠 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 槺 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 漮 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 躿 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 慷 | *kʰlaːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'aːŋ): semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 唐 (OC *ɡl'aːŋ).

### Etymology

Original meaning was “sweet rice cake” or “sugar syrup”. Cognate with 餳 (OC *ljaːŋ).
Compare Proto-Lingao lhaŋ$^2$ ("sugar"), whence Lincheng /haŋ˧/, Qiongshan /liaŋ˩˧/.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): táng (tang$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tang$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): táng
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): tán
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тон (ton, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tong$^4$ / tong$^{4-2}$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): tong$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hong$^3$ / hong$^{3*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): tong$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thòng
    (Hailu, HRS): tong
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tong$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ton$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): tô̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): tòng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tung$^2$ / tng$^2$ / torng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thn̂g / thôⁿ / thông / thâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): teng$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): to$^5$ / tang$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): taang$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$daon / $^2$daon / $^2$dan
** (Jinhua): $^2$daon
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: táng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: táng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻang$^2$
*** Yale: táng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarng
*** Palladius: тан (tan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑŋ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tang$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tang
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaŋ²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: táng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaŋ²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: tán
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): tan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰã²⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тон (ton, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tong$^4$ / tong$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: tòhng / tóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tong$^4$ / tong$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tong$^4$ / tong$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːŋ²¹/, /tʰɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
* tong4 - “sugar”;
* tong4-2 - “candy”.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit糖 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /tʰɑŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /tʰaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /tʰɔ̃²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /tʰɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /tʰɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tʰɑŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /tʰaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /tʰaŋ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /tʰaŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /tʰã̠¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /tʰɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰɒ̃¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /tʰɑŋ¹³/ /tɑŋ¹³/ 黑～ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /tʰɑ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /dɑ̃²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /dɑ̃¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /dɑŋ²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /duɔ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰa⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /tʰau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tan¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /dɔn¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰɔŋ²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰoŋ¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʰoŋ¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /tʰɔŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰɔŋ³⁵/ /tʰŋ̍³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰouŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰɔŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰɯŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ho³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: dang
Rime :
| Character | 糖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒郎切 |
| Baxter | dang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | táng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tong$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.lˤaŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 糖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | táng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dang › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.lˁaŋ/ (no pre-Qín exx) |
| English | sugar |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 糖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3961 |
| Phonetic component | 庚 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 唐 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːŋ/ |

### Definitions

糖
* sugar
    白糖 ― báitáng ― white sugar
    紅糖／红糖 ― hóngtáng ― brown sugar
    糖水 [Cantonese] ― tong$^4$ seoi$^2$ [Jyutping] ― tong sui (literally, “sugar water”)
    無糖薄荷糖／无糖薄荷糖 ― wútáng bóhétáng ― sugar-free peppermint candy
    糖放多了。 ― Táng fàng duō le. ― Too much sugar is added.
* Short for 糖果 (tángguǒ). sweets; candy; lollies; confectionery (Classifier: 顆／颗 m; 粒 c)
    棒棒糖 ― bàngbàngtáng ― lollipop
    無糖薄荷糖／无糖薄荷糖 ― wútáng bóhétáng ― sugar-free peppermint candy
    糖吃多了不好。 ― Táng chī duō le bùhǎo. ― Eating too much candy is unhealthy.
       tong$^{4-2}$ sik$^6$ dak$^1$ do$^1$ mou$^5$ jik$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Eating too much candy is unhealthy.
* (organic chemistry) saccharide; carbohydrate
    多糖 ― duōtáng ― polysaccharide
    葡萄糖 ― pútáotáng ― glucose
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to preserve food in alcohol or alcohol dregs
    From: The Book of Southern Qi, by Xiao Zixian, 6th century CE
    Xiè zhī jiāng táng, zàorǎo mí shèn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Internet slang, figurative) loveable and likeable, cute
    撒糖 ― sǎtáng ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (transgender slang, figurative) HRT (hormone replacement therapy) drugs, especially pills
    吃糖 ― chītáng ― to undergo HRT (literally, “to eat candy”)
       Zuótiān táng bèi wǒ bàmā fāxiàn le. [Pinyin]
       Yesterday [my] HRT drugs were spotted by my parents.

#### Synonyms

* (sweets):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 糖果 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 糖果兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 糖果 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 糖, 糖果 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 花糖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 糖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 糖, 糖果 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 糖果 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 糖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 糖 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 麻糖 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 磨糖 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 麻糖 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 麻糖 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 糖仔 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 糖膠 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 糖膠 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 糖膠 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 糖膠 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 糖仔 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 糖膠 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 糖仔, 糖果 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 糖子, 糖 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 糖仔, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 糖仔, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 糖仔, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 糖, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 糖仔, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 糖, 甘糖 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 麻糖, 糖仔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 糖 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 糖 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 金含 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 金含仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 紅毛糖 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 紅毛糖 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 糖仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 糖果 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 糖果 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 金含 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 金含, 糖 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 紅毛糖, 糖 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 糖糕, 糖囝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 糖囝 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 麻糖 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 糖 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 糖 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 糖 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 糖兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 紙包糖 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 桔桔糖 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 糖粒子 |

### Compounds

* 丁丁糖 (dīngdīngtáng)
* 丙糖 (bǐngtáng)
* 乞糖
* 乳糖 (rǔtáng)
* 二糖 (èrtáng)
* 五碳糖 (wǔtàntáng)
* 代糖 (dàitáng)
* 低血糖 (dīxuètáng)
* 來蘇糖 / 来苏糖 (láisūtáng)
* 六碳糖 (liùtàntáng)
* 冰糖 (bīngtáng)
* 冰糖壺盧 / 冰糖壶卢
* 冰糖葫蘆 / 冰糖葫芦 (bīngtáng húlu)
* 冰花糖
* 升糖指數 / 升糖指数 (shēngtáng zhǐshù)
* 半乳糖 (bànrǔtáng)
* 南糖
* 口香糖 (kǒuxiāngtáng)
* 吹糖
* 吹糖人
* 吹糖人兒 / 吹糖人儿
* 喜糖 (xǐtáng)
* 單糖 / 单糖 (dāntáng)
* 四碳糖
* 多糖 (duōtáng)
* 多糖體 / 多糖体
* 太妃糖 (tàifēitáng)
* 寡糖 (guǎtáng)
* 寶塔糖 / 宝塔糖
* 寶糖 / 宝糖
* 己糖 (jǐtáng)
* 庚糖
* 戊糖 (wùtáng)
* 扭股兒糖 / 扭股儿糖
* 拿糖
* 拿糖作醋
* 方糖 (fāngtáng)
* 木糖 (mùtáng)
* 木聚糖
* 木酮糖 (mùtóngtáng)
* 果味膠糖 / 果味胶糖
* 果寡糖
* 果糖 (guǒtáng)
* 桂糖
* 核糖 (hétáng)
* 核糖核酸 (hétánghésuān)
* 核糖體 / 核糖体 (hétángtǐ)
* 桂花糖
* 核酮糖 (hétóngtáng)
* 條兒糖 / 条儿糖
* 條糖兒 / 条糖儿
* 梨膏糖 (lígāotáng)
* 棒棒糖 (bàngbàngtáng)
* 棒糖 (bàngtáng)
* 棉花糖 (miánhuātáng)
* 楓糖 / 枫糖 (fēngtáng)
* 槭糖漿 / 槭糖浆 (cùtángjiāng)
* 橄欖糖 / 橄榄糖
* 欖糖 / 榄糖
* 氨基葡糖
* 氨基葡萄糖
* 水果糖
* 沙糖 (shātáng)
* 波板糖 (bōbǎntáng)
* 泡泡口香糖
* 泡泡糖 (pàopàotáng)
* 洗心糖
* 洋糖
* 混糖
* 澆切糖 / 浇切糖
* 無糖 / 无糖 (wútáng)
* 焦糖 (jiāotáng)
* 熬糖
* 牛奶糖 (niúnǎitáng)
* 牛皮糖 (niúpítáng)
* 猊糖
* 獸糖 / 兽糖
* 琥珀糖
* 甜菊糖
* 畫糖 / 画糖
* 白砂糖 (báishātáng)
* 白糖 (báitáng)
* 砂糖 (shātáng)
* 砂糖魚兒 / 砂糖鱼儿
* 破米糟糖
* 硬糖 (yìngtáng)
* 窠絲糖 / 窠丝糖
* 窩絲糖 / 窝丝糖
* 糖人 (tángrén)
* 糖人兒 / 糖人儿
* 糖元
* 糖分 (tángfèn)
* 糖化 (tánghuà)
* 糖原 (tángyuán)
* 糖婚
* 糖尿病 (tángniàobìng)
* 糖廠 / 糖厂 (tángchǎng)
* 糖彈 / 糖弹 (tángdàn)
* 糖房
* 糖果 (tángguǒ)
* 糖水 (tángshuǐ)
* 糖汁
* 糖漿 / 糖浆 (tángjiāng)
* 糖炒栗子
* 糖瓜 (tángguā)
* 糖異生 / 糖异生 (tángyìshēng)
* 糖皮質激素 / 糖皮质激素 (tángpízhìjīsù)
* 糖稀 (tángxī)
* 糖粉 (tángfěn)
* 糖精 (tángjīng)
* 糖紙 / 糖纸
* 糖罐
* 糖脂 (tángzhī)
* 糖舌蜜口
* 糖苷 (tánggān)
* 糖苷類 / 糖苷类
* 糖萼
* 糖葫蘆 / 糖葫芦 (tánghúlu)
* 糖蒜 (tángsuàn)
* 糖蘿蔔 / 糖萝卜 (tángluóbo)
* 糖蛋白 (tángdànbái)
* 糖蜜 (tángmì)
* 糖蟹
* 糖衣 (tángyī)
* 糖衣炮彈 / 糖衣炮弹 (tángyī pàodàn)
* 糖解作用
* 糖質新生 / 糖质新生 (tángzhìxīnshēng)
* 糖酯
* 糖酵解 (tángjiàojiě)
* 糖醋 (tángcù)
* 糖醇 (tángchún)
* 糖醋肉 (tángcùròu)
* 糖醋里脊
* 糖醋魚 / 糖醋鱼
* 糖霜 (tángshuāng)
* 糖類 / 糖类 (tánglèi)
* 糖食 (tángshí)
* 糖餅 / 糖饼 (tángbǐng)
* 紅糖 / 红糖 (hóngtáng)
* 綿白糖 / 绵白糖 (miánbáitáng)
* 綿糖 / 绵糖 (miántáng)
* 繭糖 / 茧糖
* 肝糖 (gāntáng)
* 肽聚糖 (tàijùtáng)
* 脫氧核糖 / 脱氧核糖 (tuōyǎng hétáng)
* 膠姆糖 / 胶姆糖 (jiāomǔtáng)
* 菊糖
* 葡糖 (pútáng)
* 葡萄糖 (pútáotáng)
* 蔗糖 (zhètáng)
* 蜂糖 (fēngtáng)
* 蠟糖人 / 蜡糖人
* 血糖 (xuètáng)
* 詹糖
* 賣糖 / 卖糖
* 軟糖 / 软糖 (ruǎntáng)
* 轉化糖 / 转化糖
* 透糖
* 遼花糖 / 辽花糖
* 配糖體 / 配糖体 (pèitángtǐ)
* 酥糖
* 酮糖 (tóngtáng)
* 醛糖 (quántáng)
* 鉤子麻糖 / 钩子麻糖
* 關東糖 / 关东糖
* 阿拉伯糖 (ālābótáng)
* 雙糖 / 双糖 (shuāngtáng)
* 霜糖
* 響糖 / 响糖
* 響糖獅子 / 响糖狮子
* 食糖 (shítáng)
* 飴糖 / 饴糖 (yítáng)
* 餳糖 / 饧糖 (xíngtáng)
* 饗糖 / 飨糖
* 高血糖 (gāoxuètáng)
* 高血糖症
* 麥芽糖 / 麦芽糖 (màiyátáng)
* 麻糖 (mátáng)
* 麻酥糖
* 黃糖 / 黄糖 (huángtáng)
* 黃繭糖 / 黄茧糖
* 黑糖 (hēitáng)
* 鼻凹糖

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 糖(とう) (tō)
* → Korean: 당(糖) (dang)
* → Vietnamese: đường (糖)
Others:
* → Guiqiong: d’ɐŋ
* → Macanese: tôm-tôm

### References

* “糖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03070

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 糖 |
| Kyūjitai | 糖 &#xFA03; or 糖+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 糖󠄀 糖+&#xE0100; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 糖󠄃 糖+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 糖)

#### Readings

* Go-on: どう (dō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
* Tō-on: たん (tan)
* Kun: あめ (ame, 糖)
* Nanori: あら (ara)

#### Compounds

* 果(か)糖(とう) (katō): fructose
* 血(けっ)糖(とう) (kettō): blood sugar
* 砂(さ)糖(とう) (satō): sugar
* 蔗(しょ)糖(とう) (shotō): sucrose
* 西(すい)瓜(か)糖(とう) (suikatō): watermelon sugar, sugar made by concentrating watermelon juice
* 糖(とう)衣(い) (tōi)
* 糖(とう)化(か) (tōka): saccharification
* 糖(とう)原(げん) (tōgen): glycogen
* 糖(とう)尿(にょう)病(びょう) (tōnyōbyō)
* 糖(とう)分(ぶん) (tōbun)
* 糖(とう)類(るい) (tōrui)
* 乳(にゅう)糖(とう) (nyūtō): lactose
* 麦(ばく)芽(が)糖(とう) (bakugatō): maltose
* 楓(ふう)糖(とう) (fūtō): maple sugar
* 葡(ぶ)萄(どう)糖(とう) (budōtō): glucose
* Kanji in this term
* 糖
* とう Grade: 6
* on'yomi

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 糖 (MC dang, “sugar”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とー [tóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [to̞ː]

### Noun

糖(とう) • (tō)
* (organic chemistry) sugar

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1635 (paper), page 869 (digital)
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 糖 (MC dang).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 따ᇰ (Yale: ttang) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 다ᇰ (tang) (Yale: tang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ta̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [당]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 糖 (eumhun 엿 당 (yeot dang))
* hanja form of 당 (“sugar”)

#### Compounds

* 과당 (果糖, gwadang)
* 당뇨 (糖尿, dangnyo)
* 당류 (糖類, dangnyu)
* 당밀 (糖蜜, dangmil)
* 당분 (糖分, dangbun)
* 당산 (糖酸, dangsan)
* 당의 (糖衣, dang'ui)
* 당질 (糖質, dangjil)
* 당화 (糖化, danghwa)
* 맥아당 (麥芽糖, maegadang)
* 연당 (鉛糖, yeondang)
* 유당 (乳糖, yudang)
* 자당 (蔗糖, jadang)
* 포도당 (葡萄糖, pododang)
* 혈당 (血糖, hyeoldang)

### Etymology 2

From Early Mandarin 糖 (táng).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tʰa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [탕]

#### Hanja

糖 (eumhun 엿 탕 (yeot tang))
* hanja form of 탕 (“sugar”)

#### Compounds

* 사탕 (砂糖, satang)
* 설탕 (雪糖, seoltang)
* 탕수육 (糖水肉, tangsuyuk)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

糖: Hán Nôm readings: đường
* chữ Hán form of đường (“sugar”).