# thesis
## English
### Etymology

From Late Middle English thesis (“lowering of the voice”) and also borrowed directly from its etymon Latin thesis (“proposition, thesis; lowering of the voice”), from Ancient Greek θέσῐς (thésĭs, “arrangement, placement, setting; conclusion, position, thesis; lowering of the voice”), from τῐ́θημῐ (tĭ́thēmĭ, “to place, put, set; to put down in writing; to consider as, regard”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”)) + -σῐς (-sĭs, suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns of action, process, or result). The English word is a doublet of deed.
Sense 1.1 (“proposition or statement supported by arguments”) is adopted from antithesis. Sense 1.4 (“initial stage of reasoning”) was first used by the German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814), and later applied to the dialectical method of his countryman, the philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831).
The plural form theses is borrowed from Latin thesēs, from Ancient Greek θέσεις (théseis).

### Pronunciation

* Singular:
** (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈθiːsɪs/, (archaic) /ˈθɛsɪs/
** Audio (Received Pronunciation):(file)
** (General American) IPA: /ˈθisɪs/
** Audio (General American):(file)
** Rhymes: -iːsɪs
** Hyphenation: the‧sis
* Plural:
** (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈθiːsiːz/
** Audio (Received Pronunciation):(file)
** (General American) IPA: /ˈθisiz/
** Rhymes: -iːsiːz
** Hyphenation: the‧ses

### Noun

thesis (plural theses)
* Senses relating to logic, rhetoric, etc.
** (rhetoric) A proposition or statement supported by arguments.
** (by extension) A lengthy essay written to establish the validity of a thesis (sense 1.1), especially one submitted in order to complete the requirements for a non-doctoral degree in the US and a doctoral degree in the UK; a dissertation.
*** 1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], “The Conclusion”, in The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume II, Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, pages 218–219:I told them of the grave, becoming, and ſublime deportment they ſhould aſſume upon this myſtical occaſion, and read them two homilies and a theſis of my own compoſing, in order to prepare them.
** (mathematics, computer science) A conjecture, especially one too vague to be formally stated or verified but useful as a working convention.
** (logic) An affirmation, or distinction from a supposition or hypothesis.
** (philosophy) In the dialectical method of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: the initial stage of reasoning where a formal statement of a point is developed; this is followed by antithesis and synthesis.
* Senses relating to music and prosody.
** (music, prosody, originally) The action of lowering the hand or bringing down the foot when indicating a rhythm; hence, an accented part of a measure of music or verse indicated by this action; an ictus, a stress.
    Antonym: arsis
** (music, prosody, with a reversal of meaning) A depression of the voice when pronouncing a syllables of a word; hence, the unstressed part of the metrical foot of a verse upon which such a depression falls, or an unaccented musical note.

#### Derived terms

* all but thesis
* bachelor's thesis
* blue water thesis
* Church-Turing thesis
* conflict thesis
* doctoral thesis
* e-thesis
* graduate thesis
* Habakkuk thesis
* master's thesis
* Merton thesis
* nonthetic
* private language thesis
* Rothbarth-Habakkuk thesis
* thesis defense
* thesis statement
* thetic
* thetically

#### Related terms

* antithesis
* apothesis
* enthesis
* hypothesis
* prosthesis
* prothesis
* synthesis

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “thē̆sis, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* 1 2 “thesis, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1912.
* ↑ “thesis, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* arsis and thesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* thesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* thesis, antithesis, synthesis on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* thesis (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “thesis”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “thesis”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Heists, Sethis, heists, shiest, shites, sithes, thises

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Latin thesis, from Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis, “a proposition, a statement, a thing laid down, thesis in rhetoric, thesis in prosody”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: the‧sis

### Noun

thesis f (plural theses or thesissen, diminutive thesisje n)
* Dated form of these.
    Synonyms: dissertatie, proefschrift, scriptie

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek θέσις (thésis, “a proposition, a statement, a thing laid down, thesis in rhetoric, thesis in prosody”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtʰe.sis/, [ˈt̪ʰɛs̠ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈte.sis/, [ˈt̪ɛːs̬is]

### Noun

thesis f (genitive thesis); third declension
* thesis

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

#### Descendants

* Catalan: tesi
* → Dutch: thesis
* French: thèse
** → Armenian: թեզ (tʻez)
** → Dutch: these
** → Persian: تز (tez)
** → Romanian: teză
** → Turkish: tez
* Galician: tese
* Italian: tesi
* → Middle English: thesis
** English: thesis
* Portuguese: tese
* Spanish: tesis

### References

* “thesis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* thesis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.