# peste
## Cimbrian
### Alternative forms

* péste (Sette Comuni)

### Etymology

From Middle High German bezzist, from Old High German bezzisto, from Proto-Germanic *batistaz (“best”). Cognate with German beste, English best.

### Adjective

peste
* superlative degree of guat

### References

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

peste
* (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of pesten

### Anagrams

* peest, speet, spete

## French
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin pestis (“plague; pest”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛst/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛst

### Noun

peste f (plural pestes)
* plague (disease)
* (informal) brat
    Synonym: chipie
* (informal, of a girl) pest

### Interjection

peste
* (dated) wow, oh my God, holy shit (an exclamation denoting surprise or astonishment)
** Le marchand. - Peste ! peste ! comme vous y allez ! - (Alfred de Musset, Lorenzaccio, acte I, scène 2, 1834)
** Peste !, s'écria Corcoran, vous êtes expéditif, seigneur Holkar. - (Alfred Assolant, Aventures merveilleuses mais authentiques du capitaine Corcoran, 1867)
** Peste !, monsieur l'amiral est donc nécromant, pour savoir ainsi ce qui se fait à trente ou quarante lieues de distance ! - (Alexandre Dumas, La Reine Margot, 1845, volume I, chapitre III)
** « Encore une robe neuve ? s'étonnait-il. Peste, Madame ! » - (Colette, Sido, 1930, Fayard, page 70)
** Charlie ! dit le colonel Gregor, dont les pauvres yeux s'évertuaient à me mendier un sourire, peste ! On vous appelle déjà par votre prénom. - (Pierre Benoit, Le Soleil de minuit, Albin Michel, 1930, réédition Le Livre de Poche, page 147)

#### Derived terms

* empester
* entre la peste et le choléra
* fuir comme la peste
* peste bubonique
* peste noire
* peste porcine

### Verb

peste
* inflection of pester:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “peste”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* pètes, pétés

## Italian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin pestis (“plague; pest”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɛ.ste/
* Rhymes: -ɛste
* Hyphenation: pè‧ste

#### Noun

peste f (plural pesti)
* (pathology) plague
    Guerra, peste e carestia, vanno sempre in compagnia.War, plague and famine always accompany each other.
* (figurative) pest, nuisance (person)
* (figurative) urchin (mischievous child)
* (figurative) stench, unbearable smell

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpe.ste/
* Rhymes: -este
* Hyphenation: pé‧ste

#### Adjective

peste
* feminine plural of pesto

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpe.ste/
* Rhymes: -este
* Hyphenation: pé‧ste

#### Noun

peste
* plural of pesta (“footprint”)

## Latin
### Noun

peste
* ablative singular of pestis

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin pestis (“plague; pest”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpɛs.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpɛs.t͡ʃi/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈpɛʃ.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈpɛs.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈpɛʃ.tɨ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -ɛst͡ʃi, (Portugal) -ɛʃtɨ
* Hyphenation: pes‧te

### Noun

peste f (plural pestes)
* plague
* contagious disease
* annoying person

#### Derived terms

* peste branca
* peste bubônica
* peste negra
* peste septicémica
* pestear
* pesteira
* pestinha
* pestoso

#### Related terms

* pesticida
* pestilento

#### Descendants

* → Tetum: peste

### Further reading

* “peste”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “peste”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* preste — archaic

### Etymology

Compound of pre +‎ spre, possibly directly from Latin per (“through, along”) super (“above”). Was probably influenced or confused with per extra. Compare Aromanian pisti, pristi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpes.te/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

peste (+accusative)
* over

#### Related terms

* pe

#### See also

* deasupra

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pestis (“plague, pest”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpeste/ [ˈpes.t̪e]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -este
* Syllabification: pes‧te

### Noun

peste f (plural pestes)
* plague
* contagious disease
* reek, unpleasant or repulsive smell

#### Derived terms

* apestar
* echar pestes
* hablar pestes
* peste bovina
* peste bubónica
* peste cristal
* peste negra
* soltar pestes

#### Related terms

* pesticida
* pestilencia
* pestilente

#### Descendants

* → Cebuano: pisti
* → Tagalog: peste

### Further reading

* “peste”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrower from Spanish peste, from Latin pestis.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈpeste/ [ˈpɛs.t̪ɛ]
* Rhymes: -este
* Syllabification: pes‧te

### Adjective

peste (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)
* (vulgar, of a person) annoying

### Noun

peste (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜐ᜔ᜆᜒ)
* pest; plague; pestilence
    Synonyms: salot, epidemya
* pest; vermin (destructive insect or small animal)
    Synonym: salot
* (vulgar) pest; vermin (obnoxious person)
    Synonyms: asungot, buwisit, sakit sa ulo, salot

#### Derived terms

* mameste
* pestehin

### See also

* hayop