# November
## Translingual

* November [1]
* November [2]
* November [3]

### Alternative forms

* november, NOVEMBER

### Etymology

Borrowed from English November.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [noˈvɛmba]

### Noun

November
* (international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU & IMO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for the letter N.
* (nautical) Signal flag for the letter N.
* (time zone) UTC−01:00
ICAO/NATO radiotelephonic clear codes :
| Alfa | Bravo | Charlie | Delta | Echo | Foxtrot | Golf | Hotel | India | Juliett | Kilo | Lima | Mike |
| November | Oscar | Papa | Quebec | Romeo | Sierra | Tango | Uniform | Victor | Whiskey | Xray | Yankee | Zulu |
| zero | one | two | three (tree) | four (fower) | five (fife) | six | seven | eight | nine (niner) | hundred | thousand | decimal |

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ DIN 5009:2022-06, Deutsches Institut für Normung, 2022 June, page Anhang B: Buchstabiertafel der ICAO („Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet“)

## English
### Alternative forms

* Novembre (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English Novembre, from Old French novembre, from Latin November (“ninth month”), from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix. November was the ninth month in the Roman calendar.
Displaced native Old English blōtmōnaþ (literally “sacrifice month”), so called because the Anglo-Saxons, when they were pagans, would sacrifice in this month before the winter set in.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /nəʊˈvɛmbə/, /nəˈvɛmbə/
* (US) enPR: nō-vĕmʹbər, IPA: /noʊˈvɛmbɚ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: No‧vem‧ber
* Rhymes: -ɛmbə(ɹ)

### Proper noun

November (plural Novembers)
* The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December. Abbreviation: Nov or Nov.
** 1827, [John Keble], “Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume II, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 85:Red o'er the forest glows the setting sun, / The line of yellow light dies fast away / That crown'd the eastern copse, and chill and dun / Falls on the moor the brief November day.
* A female given name.

#### Derived terms

* mid-November
* Movember
* No Nut November
* November class
* November Coalition
* November criminal
* November Eve
* November Group
* Novemberish, Novembrish
* November moth
* November Revolution
* November Revolution
* November Uprising
* Novembery, Novembry
* Novembral
* Witch of November

#### Descendants

* Bislama: novemba
* Pitcairn-Norfolk: Nowemba
* Tok Pisin: Novemba
* → Bengali: নভেম্বর (nobhembor)
* → Burmese: နိုဝင်ဘာ (nuiwangbha)
* → Chichewa: Novembala
* → Dari: نومبر (novembar)
* → Dhivehi: ނޮވެމްބަރު (novem̊baru)
* → Hausa: Nuwamba
* → Hawaiian: Nowemapa
* → Hindi: नवंबर (navambar)
* → Malay: November
* → Maori: Noema
* → Marshallese: Nobōm̧ba
* → Swahili: Novemba
* → Tokelauan: Novema
* → Tongan: Nōvema
* → Yoruba: Nùfẹ́ḿbà

#### Translations
### See also

* January
* February
* March
* April
* May
* June
* July
* August
* September
* October
* November
* December

### Anagrams

* Novembre

## Afrikaans
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

November (plural Novembermaande)
* November

#### See also

* Januarie
* Februarie
* Maart
* April
* Mei
* Junie
* Julie
* Augustus
* September
* Oktober
* November
* Desember

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German november, borrowed from Latin November, from novem, from Proto-Italic *nowem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /noˈvɛmbɐ/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

November m (strong, genitive Novembers or November, plural November)
* November
    Synonym: (obsolete) Nebelung

#### Coordinate terms

* Januar, (Austria, South Tyrol) Jänner
* Februar, (Austria, dated) Feber
* März
* April
* Mai
* Juni, Juno
* Juli, Julei
* August
* September
* Oktober
* November
* Dezember

#### Descendants

* → Estonian: november
* → Hunsrik: November
* → Kashubian: nowember

### Further reading

* “November” in Duden online
* “November” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Hunsrik
### Etymology

Borrowed from German November.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnoːˌvɛmpa/
* Rhymes: -ɛmpa

### Noun

November m (plural November)
* November

### See also

* Januer
* Februer
* Merz
* April
* Maai
* Juni
* Juli
* August ~ Aagust
* September
* Oktover
* November
* Dezember

### References

* ↑ Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “November”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 119, column 1

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* Nopember (nonstandard)

### Etymology

From Dutch november, from Latin November (“ninth month”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /noˈvembər/ [noˈfem.bər]
* Rhymes: -embər
* Syllabification: No‧vem‧ber

### Proper noun

Novembêr
* November

#### Coordinate terms

* Januari
* Februari
* Maret
* April
* Mei
* Juni
* Juli
* Agustus
* September
* Oktober
* November
* Desember

### Further reading

* “November” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

By haplology from earlier *nove(m)-mēmbris (“of or pertaining to the ninth month”), from earlier *novem-mēnsris, from novem (“nine”) + *mēnsris, from mens- (“month”) + -ris. In the Roman calendar, the year began with Mārtius (“March”), and November was the ninth month of the year.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /noˈu̯em.ber/, [noˈu̯ɛmbɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /noˈvem.ber/, [noˈvɛmber]

### Adjective

November (feminine Novembris, neuter Novembre); third-declension three-termination adjective
* of November
** 4 CE – c. 70 CE, Columella, De Re Rustica 6:Novembri mense ac Decembri per sementem quantum appetit bos.

#### Usage notes

In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: Calendae f pl (“calends”), Nōnae f pl (“nones”), Īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.
The accusative plural adjective forms Aprīlīs, Septembrīs, Octōbrīs, Novembrīs, Decembrīs are ambiguous in writing, being spelled identically to the genitive singular forms of the nouns; nevertheless, the use of ablative singular forms in -ī and comparison with the usage of other month names as adjectives supports the interpretation of -is as an accusative plural adjective ending in Classical Latin phrases such as "kalendas Septembris".

#### Declension

Third-declension three-termination adjective.
* In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

### Proper noun

November m sg (genitive Novembris); third declension
* November
    Synonym: November mensis
** 1283 — Tomazina de Savere, published in Josip Lučić (1984) Spisi Dubrovačke Kancelarije, Knjiga II, page 303.
    Die septimo nouembrisOn the seventh day of November

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -ī), singular only.
* In medieval and New Latin, the ablative singular can also be found as Novembre.

### Descendants

* Franco-Provençal: novembro
* Gallo-Italic
** Emilian: novèmber, nuvèmber
** Ligurian: novénbre
** Lombard: nuember, noèmber
** Piedmontese: novèmber
* Italo-Dalmatian
** Corsican: nuvembre, nuvembri, novembre
** Italian: novembre
*** → Cimbrian: novembre
** Neapolitan: nuvèmbre
    Tarantino: novèmmre
** Sicilian: nuvembri, nuvèmmiru, nuvèmmuru
** → Maltese: Novembru
* Old French: novembre
** Franc-Comtois: nôvembre
** French: novembre
*** Guianese Creole: novanm
*** Haitian Creole: novanm
*** → Iranian Persian: نوامبر (novâmbr)
*** → South Azerbaijani: نوْوامبر (novambr)
*** → Tunisian Arabic: نوفمبر (novōmbr)
** Norman:
    Cotentin: novembe
    Guernsey: novembre
    Jersey: Novembre
    Sark: novãbr
** Walloon: nôvimbe
** → Middle English: Novembre
*** English: November (see there for further descendants)
*** Scots: November
* Old Occitan:
** Gascon: noveme
** Occitan: novembre
** Old Catalan: noembre
*** Catalan: novembre
* Rhaeto-Romance
** Friulian: Novembar
** Ladin: november, nuvember
** Romansch: november
* Venetan: novenbre
* West Iberian
** Extremaduran: noviembri
** Aragonese: noviembre
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: noviembre
*** Mirandese: Nobembre
** Old Galician-Portuguese: novembro, novenbro, novembre
*** Galician: novembro
*** Portuguese: novembro (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish:
*** Ladino: noviembre, novyembre
*** Spanish: noviembre (see there for further descendants)
* → Koine Greek: Νοέμβριος (Noémbrios)
** Greek: Νοέμβριος (Noémvrios), Νοέμβρης (Noémvris)
** → Old Armenian: նոյեմբեր (noyember), նոյենբեր (noyenber), նովեմբեր (november) (partially)
*** Armenian: նոյեմբեր (noyember)
**** → Georgian: ნოემბერი (noemberi)
** → Aromanian: Nuembru (partially)
** → Old Church Slavonic: ноѩбрь (nojębrĭ)
*** → Old East Slavic: ноꙗбрь (nojabrĭ)
**** Russian: ноябрь (nojabrʹ) (see there for further descendants)
*** → Romanian: noiembrie
** → Coptic: ⲛⲟⲉⲙⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ (noembrios)
* → Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂 (naubaimbair)
* → Albanian: nëntor (calque)
* → Cimbrian: nòinte maanont (calque)

#### Borrowings

* → Middle High German: november
** Alemannic German: Novämber
** Bavarian: Novemba
** Central Franconian:
*** Kölsch: Novemmber, Novvämmbe, Novëmmbo
*** Luxembourgish: November
** Cimbrian: november
** German: November
*** → Estonian: november
*** → Hunsrik: November
*** → Kashubian: nowember
** Pennsylvania German: November
** Yiddish: נאָוועמבער (november)

#### Unsorted borrowings

These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.
* Africa
** Northern and Horn
*** Amharic: ኖቬምበር (novembär)
*** Egyptian Arabic: نوفمبر (novamber)
*** Kabyle: wamber, nwamber, nunber, nunember
*** Somali: Nofeembar
** Subsaharan
*** Ewe: Nɔvember
*** Malagasy: Novambra
*** Tumbuka: novembala
*** Wolof: Nowembar
* Americas
** Greenlandic: novembari
** Inuktitut: ᓄᕕᒻᐳᕆ (nofimpori)
* Asia and Oceania
** Central and Western Asia
*** Arabic: نُوفِمْبِر (nūfimbir)
*** Hebrew: נובמבר (novémber)
** South Asia
*** Kannada: ನವೆಂಬರ್ (navembar)
*** Odia: ନଭେମ୍ବର (nabhembara)
*** Pashto: نومبر (nowambár)
*** Sinhalese: නොවැම්බර් (nowæmbar)
*** Tamil: நவம்பர் (navampar)
*** Telugu: నవంబరు (navambaru)
*** Urdu: نومبر (navambar)
** Southeast Asia and Oceania
*** Balinese: Nopémber
*** Banjarese: Nupimbir
*** Fijian: Noveba
*** Gilbertese: Nobembwa
*** Gorontalo: Nopember
*** Minangkabau: Nopember
*** Samoan: novema
*** Sundanese: Nopémber
*** Tahitian: novema
* Europe
** Hungarian: november
** Baltic
*** Latvian: novembris
*** Livonian: novembõr
** Germanic
*** Danish: november
*** Dutch: november
**** Afrikaans: November
**** Negerhollands: november
**** → Caribbean Hindustani: nowambar
**** → Caribbean Javanese: Nopèmber
**** → Indonesian: November
**** → Papiamentu: novèmber, november
**** → Trió: nopenpë
*** Dutch Low Saxon: november
*** Faroese: november
*** German Low German: November
*** Icelandic: nóvember
*** Limburgish: nevèmber
*** North Frisian: nofember, nowämber
*** Norwegian: november
*** Swedish: november
*** West Flemish: November
*** West Frisian: novimber
** Slavic
*** Bulgarian: ноември (noemvri)
*** Lower Sorbian: nowember
*** Macedonian: ноември (noemvri)
*** Carpathian Rusyn: новембер (november)
*** Serbo-Croatian: novembar / новембар
*** Slovak: november
*** Slovene: november
*** Upper Sorbian: nowember

### See also

* Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### References

* “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “November”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* November in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “November”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [noːˈvæmbɐ]

### Proper noun

November m
* November

### See also

* Januar
* Februar
* Mäerz
* Abrëll
* Mee
* Juni
* Juli
* August
* September
* Oktober
* November
* Dezember

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from English November, from Middle English, from Old French novembre, from Latin November, from novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [no.vɛm.bə(r)]
* Rhymes: -bə(r), -ə(r)
* Hyphenation: No‧vem‧ber

### Proper noun

November (Jawi spelling نوۏيمبر)
* November (eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar)

#### See also

* Januari
* Februari
* Mac, Maret
* April
* Mei
* Jun
* Julai
* Ogos
* September
* Oktober
* November
* Disember

### Further reading

* “November” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Scots
### Etymology

From Latin November (“of the ninth month”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [noːvɛmˈbər]

### Proper noun

November
* November

### See also

* Previous: October. Next: December
* ↑ Karl Gottlob Zumpt (1853) Leonhard Schmitz, Charles Anthon, transl., A Grammar of the Latin Language, 3rd edition, pages 31, 85
* ↑ Gaeng, Paul A. (1968) An Inquiry into Local Variations in Vulgar Latin: As Reflected in the Vocalism of Christian Inscriptions, page 183
* ↑ Frost, P. (1861) The Germania and Agricola of Tacitus, page 161