# 甄

| 甄 | U+7504, &#29956; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7504 |
| ← 甃 [U+7503] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甅 → [U+7505] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甄 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土一女弓 (MGMVN) or 難一土一女 (XMGMV), four-corner 1111$_7$, composition ⿰垔瓦)

#### Derived characters

* 𭋡, 𮍃, 薽, 籈, 𧞙, 𩆛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 750, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21557
* Dae Jaweon: page 1158, character 36
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1427, character 14
* Unihan data for U+7504

## Chinese

* 甄 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 甄姓 (Written Standard Chinese)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 黫 | *qriːn |
| 甄 | *ken, *kin |
| 薽 | *ken, *kjin |
| 籈 | *ken, *kjin |
| 煙 | *qiːn |
| 湮 | *qiːn, *qin |
| 堙 | *qin |
| 禋 | *qin |
| 闉 | *qin |
| 垔 | *qin |
| 陻 | *qin |
| 諲 | *qin |
| 歅 | *qin |
| 鄄 | *kʷens |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ken, *kin): phonetic 垔 (OC *qin) + semantic 瓦.

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēn (zhen$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jan$^1$ / zan$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂n
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zen$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): céng
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĭng / cĭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ing$^1$ / êng$^1$ / zing$^1$ / zêng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$
*** Yale: jēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^1$ / zan$^1$
*** Yale: yān / jān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^1$ / dzan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^1$ / zen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn⁵⁵/, /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sin³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂n
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sən⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: céng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng / cĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin
*** Tâi-lô: tsin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cyn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ing$^1$ / êng$^1$ / zing$^1$ / zêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ing / eng / tsing / tseng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³³/, /eŋ³³/, /t͡siŋ³³/, /t͡seŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyin, kjien
Rime :
| Character | 甄 | 甄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 側鄰切 | 居延切 |
| Baxter | tsyin | kjien |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiɪn/ | /kiᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕin/ | /kiɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjen/ | /kjæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cin/ | /kian/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiĕn/ | /kiɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭĕn/ | /kĭɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ĕn/ | /ki̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēn | jiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^1$ | gin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.qi[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ken/, /*kin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 甄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*t.qi[n]/ |
| English | potter"s wheel |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甄 | 甄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 15189 | 15194 |
| Phonetic component | 垔 | 垔 |
| Rime group | 元 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甄 | |
| Old Chinese | /*ken/ | /*kin/ |
| Notes | | 原誤側鄰，依韻目注改 |

### Definitions

甄
* to make pottery
* potter's wheel
* to examine; to distinguish; to select the best
* a surname
    甄子丹 [Cantonese] ― jan$^1$ zi$^2$ daan$^1$ [Jyutping] ― Donnie Yen (Hong Kong actor)

### Compounds

* 二甄
* 兩甄 / 两甄
* 左甄
* 感甄
* 推薦甄選 / 推荐甄选
* 教師甄試 / 教师甄试
* 旌甄
* 甄事
* 甄井
* 甄免
* 甄冶
* 甄別 / 甄别 (zhēnbié)
* 甄后
* 甄品
* 甄土
* 甄奇錄異 / 甄奇录异
* 甄女
* 甄官井
* 甄察
* 甄審 / 甄审
* 甄工
* 甄序
* 甄引
* 甄復 / 甄复
* 甄心動懼 / 甄心动惧
* 甄才品能
* 甄拔
* 甄搜
* 甄擇 / 甄择
* 甄擢
* 甄擿
* 甄收
* 甄敘 / 甄叙
* 甄昇 / 甄升
* 甄明
* 甄晰
* 甄正
* 甄汰
* 甄沐
* 甄煩就簡 / 甄烦就简
* 甄物
* 甄甄
* 甄用
* 甄異 / 甄异
* 甄神
* 甄稱 / 甄称
* 甄紀 / 甄纪
* 甄綜 / 甄综
* 甄者
* 甄育
* 甄舉 / 甄举
* 甄藻
* 甄表
* 甄被
* 甄訓 / 甄训
* 甄訪 / 甄访
* 甄試 / 甄试 (zhēnshì)
* 甄論 / 甄论
* 甄識 / 甄识
* 甄賞 / 甄赏
* 甄載 / 甄载
* 甄辨
* 甄述
* 甄進 / 甄进
* 甄選 / 甄选 (zhēnxuǎn)
* 甄部
* 甄酬
* 甄采
* 甄錄 / 甄录
* 甄錄試 / 甄录试
* 甄陀羅 / 甄陀罗
* 甄陞 / 甄升
* 甄陶 (zhēntáo)
* 甄顯 / 甄显
* 甄飭 / 甄饬
* 追甄
* 采甄
* 鈞甄 / 钧甄
* 阿甄
* 陶甄
* 雙甄 / 双甄

### References

* “甄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 甄”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
* 《粵音韻彙》與《李氏中文字典》粵語注音考異
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “甄”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 306.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* ceramic, porcelain
* distinction; to distinguish
* clear, distinct

#### Readings

* Go-on: けん (ken)、しん (shin)
* Kan-on: けん (ken)、しん (shin)
* Kun: すえ (sue, 甄)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 甄
* けん Hyōgai
* on'yomi
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 甄 (MC tsyin|kjien).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kẽ̞ɴ]

#### Affix

甄(けん) • (ken)
* porcelain, ceramic

##### Usage notes

Only appears in compounds.

##### Compounds

* 甄陶(けんとう) (kentō): to mold as clay, to shape something; to educate
* 甄別(けんべつ) (kenbetsu): to examine something closely
* 甄揚(けんよう) (ken'yō): to make one's reputation clear to the world at large and thereby build up one's prestige
* 甄録(けんろく) (kenroku): to clearly write something down, to record with clarity

#### Proper noun

甄(けん) • (Ken)
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 甄
* すえ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Rare alternative spelling for 陶 (sue).
For pronunciation and definitions of 甄 – see the following entry. :
| 【陶すえ】S | [noun] (archaic, possibly obsolete) earthenware, pottery [proper noun] a surname |
(This term, 甄, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

甄 • (gyeon, jin) (hangeul 견, 진, revised gyeon, jin, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, chin, Yale kyen, cin)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甄: Hán Nôm readings: chân, nhân
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.