# 挨

| 挨 | U+6328, &#25384; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6328 |
| ← 挧 [U+6327] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 挩 → [U+6329] |

## Translingual
### Han character

挨 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手戈人大 (QIOK), four-corner 5303$_4$, composition ⿰扌矣)

#### Derived characters

* 𫫃, 𮐉

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12082
* Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1888, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6328

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 唉 | *qʰlɯː, *qɯː, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ |
| 埃 | *qlɯː |
| 欸 | *qɯː, *qʰrɯːs |
| 娭 | *qɯː, *qʰlɯ |
| 挨 | *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ |
| 騃 | *ŋrɯːʔ, *sɢrɯʔ |
| 俟 | *sɢrɯʔ, *ɡlɯl |
| 竢 | *sɢrɯʔ |
| 涘 | *sɢrɯʔ |
| 誒 | *qʰlɯ |
| 矣 | *ɢlɯʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ): semantic 扌 + phonetic 矣 (OC *ɢlɯʔ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): āi (ai$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄞ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngai$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): aai$^1$ / oi$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): âi
* Eastern Min (BUC): ă̤ / ăi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): oe / e / ere / ai
    (Teochew, Peng'im): oi$^1$ / ai$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$a; $^1$e
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: āi
*** Zhuyin: ㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ai
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^1$
*** Yale: āi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ai
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ngai$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngai
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋai⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: aai$^1$ / oi$^2$
*** Yale: āai / ói
*** Cantonese Pinyin: aai$^1$ / oi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ai$^1$ / oi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /aːi̯⁵⁵/, /ɔːi̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: âi
*** Hakka Romanization System: ai$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ai̯²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ă̤ / ăi
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛ⁵⁵/, /ai⁵⁵/
* ă̤ - vernacular;
* ăi - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'eajX, 'ojX
Rime :
| Character | 挨 | 挨 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | I |
| Fanqie | 於駭切 | 於改切 |
| Baxter | 'eajX | 'ojX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠɛi$^X$/ | /ʔʌi$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚæi$^X$/ | /ʔəi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɐi$^X$/ | /ʔɒi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəɨj$^X$/ | /ʔəj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɛi$^X$/ | /ʔᴀi$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɐi$^X$/ | /ɒi$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔăi$^X$/ | /ʔɑ̆i$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yě | ǎi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | aai$^2$ | oi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qlɯːʔ/, /*qrɯː/, /*qrɯːʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 挨 | 挨 | 挨 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 14937 | 14939 | 14941 |
| Phonetic component | 矣 | 矣 | 矣 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 欸 | | 挨 |
| Old Chinese | /*qlɯːʔ/ | /*qrɯː/ | /*qrɯːʔ/ |
| Notes | | 廣韻乙諧切右從俟 | |

#### Definitions

挨
* to hit from behind; to hit the back
* to get close to; to be next to
       From: Chongqing Metro Line 4 broadcasts
       Before the doors on the left open, don't approach the train doors!
* to depend on; to rely on
* to crowd; to push and squeeze
* to follow in sequence; to be someone's turn; to go one by one
** 挨家挨戶／挨家挨户 (āijiā'āihù, “from door to door, from house to house”)
** 一個挨一個地過／一个挨一个地过 ― yīge ái yīge de guò ― to go one by one
* (dialectal Mandarin) at
    From: 2004, 《家有儿女》, episode 11
    Nín bié āi zhèr guǒluàn xíng bùxíng? [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Cantonese) to lean on
* (Hokkien, Teochew) to grind
* (Hokkien, Hakka) to play (a stringed instrument)
    From: 黃連煜, 客家世界
    Â-kûng â, âi hièn-é, â-phò chhiu lòi chhong sân-kô. [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
    Grandpa's playing the huqin; grandma comes to sing hill songs.
* (Fuqing Eastern Min) to push

#### Synonyms

* (to get close to):
* 守 (shǒu)
* 挨著 / 挨着 (āizhe)
* 接觸 / 接触 (jiēchù)
* 搭倚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 攏 / 拢 (lǒng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 攏邊 / 拢边 (long$^3$ bienn$^1$) (Xiang)
* 沾
* 涉獵 / 涉猎 (shèliè)
* 湊 / 凑 (còu)
* 觸及 / 触及 (chùjí)
* 近前 (jìnqián) (literary)
* 靠攏 / 靠拢 (kàolǒng)
* 靠近 (kàojìn)
* (at):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 於 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 在, 挨, 跟, 的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 在 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 在, 從 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 在 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 在 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 在 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 在 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 在 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 在 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 吖 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 在 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 喺, 在 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 喺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 響, 喺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 喺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 喺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 響, 揀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 揀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 喺 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 喺 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 到, 響 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 到, 響 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 到, 響 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 響 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 響, 在, 喺 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 在 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 在 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 喺, 響 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 喺 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 在 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 在 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 在 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嗨 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 在 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 在 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 在 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 在 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 在 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 在 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 在 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 在 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 在 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 在 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 在 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 在 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 在 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 在 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 在 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 在 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 在 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 在 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 到 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 著, 在, 洽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 著, 洽 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 著 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佇, 踮, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 佇, 踮, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 佇, 咧, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 佇, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 佇 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 佇, 踮, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 佇, 蹛 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 佇, 壏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 佇, 踮 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 在 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 在 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 在 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 在 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 在, 壏, 放 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 著 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 在 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 在, 壏 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 佇, 放 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 佇 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 在 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 垃, 垃垃, 垃拉, 垃海, 垃該, 垃浪 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Xinzhuang, Minhang) | 垃該, 拉 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 立垃, 勒嵌 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) | 垃, 垃垃 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) | 垃該 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Fengxian) | 垃該 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jinshan) | 有垃, 垃該 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Qingpu) | 勒拉 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 勒, 浪, 勒浪, 勒搭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 勒勒, 勒 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 勒, 勒勒, 勒裡, 勒海, 勒浪, 勒篤 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 勒, 勒海, 勒拉, 勒浪 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 勒, 來勒, 勒娘, 勒裡 |
| Wu | Changshu | 勒笃, 勒裡, 勒海, 勒浪 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 勒, 勒浪, 勒海 |
| Wu | Qidong | 勒 |
| Wu | Qidong (Lüsi) | 在, 來, 來該 |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 勒, 勒特, 勒海, 勒勒 |
| Wu | Haimen (Sijia) | 來, 來到 |
| Wu | Rudong | 勒, 勒勒 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 勒, 勒海, 勒浪, 勒化, 來, 來海, 來浪, 來化 |
| Wu | Haining (Xiashi) | 有起霍, 有起, 有垃, 起勒, 起, 勒, 起霍 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 勒, 勒勒 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 勒, 勒蕩, 勒娘, 勒頭, 漏 |
| Wu | Liyang | 立 |
| Wu | Changzhou (Jintan) | 在, 則 |
| Wu | Danyang | 在, 則 |
| Wu | Jingjiang | 來, 勒 |
| Wu | Jiangyin | 勒, 勒勒 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 來, 拉, 垃, 得, 擱 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 拉 |
| Wu | Deqing | 垃, 垃好, 來該, 來東, 拉好, 有好 |
| Wu | Deqing (Geting) | 拉 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 勒, 勒哈, 來搭, 來東, 在 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 來, 來埭, 來同 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 勒, 勒裡, 勒帶, 勒底 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) | 來帶, 來東, 來夯, 帶, 東, 夯 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 來, 來裡, 來夯 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 來帶, 來埭, 來東, 來同, 來夯, 帶, 埭, 東, 同, 夯 |
| Wu | Shaoxing (Keqiao) | 來帶, 來東, 來夯, 帶, 東, 夯 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 來克, 來客, 勒克, 勒客, 克, 客 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 來, 來帶, 來東, 來夯 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 來固, 來蒙, 來頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 來, 來勒, 來的, 來對, 來東, 來當, 來該 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 來 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Beilun) | 來, 來該, 來的, 來對, 來當 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Yinzhou) | 立該, 來, 來的, 來該 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 來, 得, 來浪 |
| Wu | Ninghai | 來的 |
| Wu | Zhoushan (Dinghai) | 勒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 是 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 在 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 在 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 在 |
* (to play):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 拉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 拉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 拉 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 拉 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 拉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 拉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 拉 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 拉 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鋸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 扯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 扯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 拉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 拉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 拉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 扯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 牙 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 拉 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 扯 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鋸, 扯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鋸 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 拉 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 拉 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 拉 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 拉 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 挨 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 牽 |
| Hakka | Changting | 鋸 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 拉 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 鋸 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鋸 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 鋸 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 拉 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 扯 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 拉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鋸, 挨 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鋸, 挨 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 挨, 鋸 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鋸, 挨 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 挨, 鋸 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 挨 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 拉 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 拉 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 拉 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 拉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 鋸 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 拉, 挨 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 拉, 挨 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 拉, 挨 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 鋸 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 挨 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 牽 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 鋸 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鋸 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鋸, 牽 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 鋸 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 彈 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 彈 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 牽 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 拉 |
| Wu | Danyang | 拉 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鋸 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鋸 |
* (to push):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 推 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 推, 㩳, 搡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 推 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 㩳, 搡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 推 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 推 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 擁 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 掀, 推 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 搑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 推, 揎, 捎, 搊, 㩳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 推, 㩳, 揎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 推 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 推, 搡 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 推, 搡 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 推, 擁 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 推, 擁 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 擁 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 擁 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 宿, 擁, 𢱤 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 推, 揎, 㩳 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 擁 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 擁 |
| Hakka | Changting | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 𢱤 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 𢳪 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 推, 𢱤, 擁 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 推 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 捵, 𢱤 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 捵, 𢱤 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 挨, 捵 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 㧣, 捒, 攄 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 捒, 攄 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 㧣, 捒, 攄 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 攄 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 攄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 攄 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 攄 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 攄, 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 攄, 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 攄 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 攄, 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 攄, 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 攄 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 捒, 攄 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 㧣 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 攆, 舁 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 推, 攆 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 攆 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 攆, 㧣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 推 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 推 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 推 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 㨄, 推 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 寵, 推 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 攮, 搡 |

#### Compounds

* 挨三頂五 / 挨三顶五
* 挨人兒 / 挨人儿
* 挨個兒 / 挨个儿 (āigèr)
* 挨光
* 挨刀的
* 挨呲
* 挨家
* 挨家挨戶 / 挨家挨户 (āijiā'āihù)
* 挨山塞海
* 挨戶 / 挨户 (āihù)
* 挨挨兒 / 挨挨儿
* 挨次 (āicì)
* 挨滿 / 挨满
* 挨肩 (āijiān)
* 挨肩兒 / 挨肩儿 (āijiānr)
* 挨肩搭背
* 挨肩擦背
* 挨肩擦膀
* 挨肩擦臉 / 挨肩擦脸
* 挨肩疊背 / 挨肩叠背
* 挨親兒 / 挨亲儿
* 挨身
* 挨近 (āijìn)
* 挨門 / 挨门
* 挨門挨戶 / 挨门挨户 (āimén'āihù)
* 挨門逐戶 / 挨门逐户
* 挨靠
* 挨風緝縫 / 挨风缉缝
* 排門挨戶 / 排门挨户
* 沿門挨戶 / 沿门挨户

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ái, āi
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˊ, ㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaai$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngai
* Eastern Min (BUC): ă̤
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ngai$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$e
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ái
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ái
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^2$
*** Yale: ái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: āi
*** Zhuyin: ㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ai
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^1$
*** Yale: āi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ai
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngaai$^4$
*** Yale: ngàaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngaai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋaːi̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngai
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋai̯⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ă̤
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ngai$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngâi
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋai⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$e
*** MiniDict: e$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$e
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /e⁵³/

#### Definitions

挨
* to suffer; to endure; to put up with
    挨餓／挨饿 ― ái'è ― to suffer from hunger
* to drag out; to delay; to stall
* to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time)
* to drag on; to scrabble for a living

##### Synonyms

* (to suffer):
* 受
* 受到 (shòudào)
* 遭到 (zāodào)
* (to delay):
* 展緩 / 展缓 (zhǎnhuǎn)
* 延宕 (yándàng) (literary)
* 延延 (Hokkien)
* 延後 / 延后 (yánhòu)
* 延期 (yánqī)
* 延緩 / 延缓 (yánhuǎn)
* 延誤 / 延误 (yánwù)
* 延遲 / 延迟 (yánchí)
* 拖 (tuō)
* 拖宕 (tuōdàng)
* 拖延 (tuōyán)
* 拖拉 (tuōlā)
* 拖磨 (tuōmó) (literary)
* 拖逗 (tuōdòu) (literary)
* 挨延 (Hokkien)
* 挨稽 (Hokkien)
* 挨臺 / 挨台 (ngai$^2$ tai$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 推宕 (tuīdàng) (literary)
* 捱延 (Hokkien)
* 推延 (tuīyán)
* 捱稽 (Hokkien)
* 推遲 / 推迟 (tuīchí)
* 暫緩 / 暂缓 (zànhuǎn)
* 稽延 (jīyán) (literary)
* 緩 / 缓 (huǎn)
* 耗 (regional)
* 耽延 (dānyán)
* 耽擱 / 耽搁
* 耽誤 / 耽误
* 貽誤 / 贻误 (yíwù)
* 遷延 / 迁延 (qiānyán) (literary)
* 遲延 / 迟延 (chíyán)
* 遲滯 / 迟滞 (chízhì)
* 遲誤 / 迟误 (chíwù) (formal)
* 順延 / 顺延 (shùnyán)

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to delay”):
* 提前 (tíqián)
* 提早 (tízǎo)
* 進前 / 进前 (Hokkien)

#### Compounds

* 延挨
* 忍飢挨餓 / 忍饥挨饿
* 挨剋 / 挨克 (áikēi)
* 挨呲
* 挨宰 (áizǎi)
* 挨延
* 挨打 (áidǎ)
* 挨打受罵 / 挨打受骂
* 挨批 (áipī)
* 挨捕
* 挨挨搶搶 / 挨挨抢抢
* 挨挨桚桚
* 挨挨蹭蹭
* 挨排
* 挨揍 (áizòu)
* 挨擠 / 挨挤
* 挨整 (áizhěng)
* 挨棍子
* 挨滿 / 挨满
* 挨澆 / 挨浇
* 挨磨
* 挨罰 / 挨罚 (áifá)
* 挨罵 / 挨骂 (áimà)
* 挨著
* 挨訓 / 挨训
* 挨說 / 挨说
* 挨靠
* 挨風緝縫 / 挨风缉缝
* 挨餓 / 挨饿 (ái'è)
* 挨餓受凍 / 挨饿受冻
* 挨鬧 / 挨闹
* 東挨西撞 / 东挨西撞

#### See also

* 捱 (ái)

### References

* “挨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* push open

#### Readings

* Go-on: え (e)
* Kan-on: あい (ai, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひらく (hiraku, 挨く)、おす (osu, 挨す)

## Korean
### Hanja

挨 • (ae) (hangeul 애, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

挨: Hán Nôm readings: ai, ẩy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.