# kaste
## Afrikaans
### Noun

kaste
* plural of kas

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkʰasd̥ə]
* Rhymes: -astə

### Etymology 1

Via German Kaste from Portuguese casta (“bloodline, race, caste”), probably from the feminine of the adjective casto (“chaste”), from Latin castus.

#### Noun

kaste c (singular definite kasten, plural indefinite kaster)
* caste

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Old Danish kastæ, from Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), cognate with Norwegian kaste and Swedish kasta. English cast is borrowed from Old Norse.

#### Verb

kaste (imperative kast, infinitive at kaste, present tense kaster, past tense kastede, perfect tense har kastet)
* to throw, to chuck
    Kaste en bold. ― Throw a ball.
* to drop
    Kaste en bombe (fra et fly). ― Drop a bomb (from an airplane).
* to cast
    Koen kastede sin kalv. ― The cow cast its calf.

##### Conjugation

activepassive
present
kaster
kastes
past
kastede
kastedes
infinitive
kaste
kastes
imperative
kast
participle
present
kastende
past
kastet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
kasten :

### Related terms

* kaste anker
* kaste et blik på
* kaste masken
* kaste op
* kastebold
* kasteskyts
* kastevind

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”). Cognate with Danish, Norwegian (see below), German Kaste, English caste, French caste etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑstə/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kas‧te
* Rhymes: -ɑstə

### Noun

kaste f (plural kasten, diminutive kastetje n)
* a caste, hereditary Indian socio-religious class (except the 'unclean' lowest) (depreciated in specialist usage)
* a similarly closed social class, especially if rather impenetrable -notably (de facto) hereditary-, as in Ancient Egypt or various tribal and feudal societies
* any closed, social and/or hierarchic group, such as a priesthood or a military corps
* (obsolete) national/ethnic group or character

#### Derived terms

* (by caste type) officierenkaste, priesterkaste m or f
* kastegeest m
* kastenregel m
* kastenstelsel n
* kasteverdeeling, kastenverdeeling
* kastenwezen n

### Anagrams

* stake

## Estonian
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kastëk.

#### Noun

kaste (genitive kaste, partitive kastet)
* dew

##### Derived terms

* kastehein
* kastekann

### Etymology 2

From kastma +‎ -e.

#### Noun

kaste (genitive kastme, partitive kastet)
* sauce

##### Declension
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kastëk. Equivalent to kastaa (“to wet, soak”) +‎ -e.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑsteˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝s̠te̞(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑste
* Hyphenation: kas‧te

### Noun

kaste
* dew (moisture in the air that settles on plants, etc.)
* baptism, christening

#### Declension

Possessive forms of kaste (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kasteeni
kasteeni
accusative
nom.
kasteeni
kasteeni
gen.
kasteeni
genitive
kasteeni
kasteideni kasteitteni
partitive
kastettani
kasteitani
inessive
kasteessani
kasteissani
elative
kasteestani
kasteistani
illative
kasteeseeni
kasteisiini kasteihini
adessive
kasteellani
kasteillani
ablative
kasteeltani
kasteiltani
allative
kasteelleni
kasteilleni
essive
kasteenani
kasteinani
translative
kasteekseni
kasteikseni
abessive
kasteettani
kasteittani
instructive
comitative
—kasteineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kasteesi
kasteesi
accusative
nom.
kasteesi
kasteesi
gen.
kasteesi
genitive
kasteesi
kasteidesi kasteittesi
partitive
kastettasi
kasteitasi
inessive
kasteessasi
kasteissasi
elative
kasteestasi
kasteistasi
illative
kasteeseesi
kasteisiisi kasteihisi
adessive
kasteellasi
kasteillasi
ablative
kasteeltasi
kasteiltasi
allative
kasteellesi
kasteillesi
essive
kasteenasi
kasteinasi
translative
kasteeksesi
kasteiksesi
abessive
kasteettasi
kasteittasi
instructive
comitative
—kasteinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kasteemme
kasteemme
accusative
nom.
kasteemme
kasteemme
gen.
kasteemme
genitive
kasteemme
kasteidemme kasteittemme
partitive
kastettamme
kasteitamme
inessive
kasteessamme
kasteissamme
elative
kasteestamme
kasteistamme
illative
kasteeseemme
kasteisiimme kasteihimme
adessive
kasteellamme
kasteillamme
ablative
kasteeltamme
kasteiltamme
allative
kasteellemme
kasteillemme
essive
kasteenamme
kasteinamme
translative
kasteeksemme
kasteiksemme
abessive
kasteettamme
kasteittamme
instructive
comitative
—kasteinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kasteenne
kasteenne
accusative
nom.
kasteenne
kasteenne
gen.
kasteenne
genitive
kasteenne
kasteidenne kasteittenne
partitive
kastettanne
kasteitanne
inessive
kasteessanne
kasteissanne
elative
kasteestanne
kasteistanne
illative
kasteeseenne
kasteisiinne kasteihinne
adessive
kasteellanne
kasteillanne
ablative
kasteeltanne
kasteiltanne
allative
kasteellenne
kasteillenne
essive
kasteenanne
kasteinanne
translative
kasteeksenne
kasteiksenne
abessive
kasteettanne
kasteittanne
instructive
comitative
—kasteinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kasteensa
kasteensa
accusative
nom.
kasteensa
kasteensa
gen.
kasteensa
genitive
kasteensa
kasteidensa kasteittensa
partitive
kastettaan kastettansa
kasteitaan kasteitansa
inessive
kasteessaan kasteessansa
kasteissaan kasteissansa
elative
kasteestaan kasteestansa
kasteistaan kasteistansa
illative
kasteeseensa
kasteisiinsa kasteihinsa
adessive
kasteellaan kasteellansa
kasteillaan kasteillansa
ablative
kasteeltaan kasteeltansa
kasteiltaan kasteiltansa
allative
kasteelleen kasteellensa
kasteilleen kasteillensa
essive
kasteenaan kasteenansa
kasteinaan kasteinansa
translative
kasteekseen kasteeksensa
kasteikseen kasteiksensa
abessive
kasteettaan kasteettansa
kasteittaan kasteittansa
instructive
comitative
—kasteineen kasteinensa :

#### Derived terms

* aamukaste
* aikuiskaste
* henkikaste
* hunajakaste
* hätäkaste
* kasteallas
* kasteenraikas
* kastehelmi
* kasteikko
* kasteinen
* kastejuhla
* kastejumalanpalvelus
* kastekaapu
* kastekaava
* kastekappeli
* kastekirja
* kastekirkko
* kastekäsky
* kasteliero
* kastemalja
* kastemato
* kastemekko
* kastepisara
* kastepiste
* kasteristi
* kastetilaisuus
* kastetodistus
* kastetoimitus
* kastevaate
* kastevesi
* lapsikaste
* mesikaste
* tulikaste
* upotuskaste
* uppokaste
* valelukaste
* vesikaste
* yökaste

### Further reading

* “kaste”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* katse, saket

## Karelian
### Noun

kaste
* dew

## Latvian
### Etymology

Related to Medieval Latin castō, from Proto-West Germanic *kastō (“box, case”).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Noun

kaste f (5th declension)
* box

#### Declension
## Livvi
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kastëk. Cognates include Finnish kaste and Estonian kaste.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑstʲe/
* Hyphenation: kas‧te
* Rhymes: -ɑstʲe

### Noun

kaste (genitive kastien, partitive kastettu)
* dew

#### Declension
### References

* Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 96

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”) (cognate with Dutch kastijden (“to chastise”), English chasten, French chaste etc.), cognate with Danish, Dutch (see above) etc.

#### Noun

kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kaster, definite plural kastene)
* caste

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse kasta (compare with Danish kaste, Faroese, Icelandic, Swedish kasta and English cast).

#### Verb

kaste (imperative kast, present tense kaster, passive kastes, simple past and past participle kasta or kastet, present participle kastende)
* (transitive) to throw
* (transitive) to dart
* to cast
    kaste skygge ― cast a shadow

##### Derived terms

* bortkastet
* forkaste
* kaste opp
* kaster (noun)
* kringkaste
* underkaste

##### Related terms

* kast

### References

* “kaste” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kastar, definite plural kastane)
* caste

### Verb

kaste (present tense kastar, past tense kasta, past participle kasta, passive infinitive kastast, present participle kastande, imperative kaste/kast)
* Alternative form of kasta

#### Derived terms

* underkaste

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kastëk.

### Noun

kaste
* dew

#### Inflection
### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “роса”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika