# نفر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

نَفَرَ • (nafara) I (non-past يَنْفُرُ (yanfuru) or يَنْفِرُ (yanfiru), verbal noun نُفُور (nufūr) or نِفَار (nifār))
* to shy, to bolt, to stampede

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

نَفَرَ • (nafara) I (non-past يَنْفِرُ (yanfiru), verbal noun نَفَر (nafar))
* to flee, to run away, to turn tail, to scamper, to abscond, to get away, to escape
* to break loose, to recoil, to slip away, to free oneself, to get free, to break away, to free
* to have an aversion, to have a distaste
* to hate intensely, to dislike, to be disinclined to, to feel disgust for, to have an aversion to, to detest, to abhor, to loathe
* to avoid, to shun, to eschew
* to hurry, to rush, to hasten

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

نَفَرَ • (nafara) I (non-past يَنْفِرُ (yanfiru), verbal noun نُفُور (nufūr))
* to bulge, to swell, to jut out, to protrude, to stand out, to stick out

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

نَفَّرَ • (naffara) II (non-past يُنَفِّرُ (yunaffiru), verbal noun تَنْفِير (tanfīr))
* to startle, to frighten, to scare away, to frighten away, to drive away, to chase away
* to shy, to bolt, to stampede
* to alienate, to estrange, to deter, to make dissatisfied
* to make averse to, to make disinclined to, to make hateful to, to alienate from, to make someone hate

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

نَفَر • (nafar) m (plural أَنْفَار (ʔanfār))
* verbal noun of نَفَرَ (nafara) (form I)
* band, party, group, troop, herd, coterie, collective, cohort, clique, company, association, society, gang, flock, circle, cabal, squad, community, crowd
* (military) unit, troop
* (military) soldier, private, man
* guy, individual, person, gent, persona
* (Yemen, Hijaz) a dry measure, $^1$⁄$_8$ of a ثُمْنَة (ṯumna), $^1$⁄$_{64}$ of a قَدَح (qadaḥ)
** 2018, وَجْدِيّ الْأَهْدَل [wajdiyy al-ʔahdal], أرض المؤامرات السعيدة, Bayrūt: Nawfal / Hachette Antoine, →ISBN, page 200:صاح: «نفر بيض… يأكل». جلب له النادل الثاني شاياً أحمر.He yelled: “A nafar of eggs … he eats.” The second waiter brought red tea to him.

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: նաֆար (nafar)
* → Azerbaijani: nəfər
* → Ottoman Turkish: نفر (nefer)
** Turkish: nefer
* → Persian: نفر (nafar)
* → Tajik: нафар (nafar)
* → Uyghur: نەپەر (neper)

### Etymology 4
#### Adjective

نَفْر or نُفَّر • (nafr or nuffar) m pl
* plural of نَافِر (nāfir, “shy, fearful, timid”)

### Etymology 5
#### Verb

نفر (form I)
* نَفِرُّ (nafirru) /na.fir.ru/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of فَرَّ (farra)
* نَفِرَّ (nafirra) /na.fir.ra/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of فَرَّ (farra)
* نَفِرِّ (nafirri) /na.fir.ri/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of فَرَّ (farra)

### Etymology 6
#### Verb

نفر (form I)
* نَفِرُ (nafiru) /na.fi.ru/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of وَفَرَ (wafara)
* نَفِرَ (nafira) /na.fi.ra/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of وَفَرَ (wafara)
* نَفِرْ (nafir) /na.fir/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of وَفَرَ (wafara)

### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “نفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2823
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “نفر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1154

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نَفَر (nafar).

### Noun

نفر • (nafar) m (plural أنفار (ʔanfār), paucal تنفار (tinfār))
* person
    النفر بكام في المطعم؟in-nafar bi-kam fi l-maṭʕamHow much is it per person in the restaurant?

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَفَر (nafar).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [na.ˈfaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nä.fǽɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nä.fǽɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [nä.fǽɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [nä.fǽɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [næ.fǽɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [nä.fǽɾ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

نفر • (nafar) (plural نفرات (nafarât))
* A classifier for counting humans.
    Synonyms: تن (tan), سر (sar)
    ۳ نفر ― 3 nafar ― three people
    ۲۱۰ هزار نفر ایرانی ― 210 hazâr nafar irâni ― 210,000 Iranians
* A classifier for counting camels.
    Synonyms: تا (tâ), سر (sar)
    ۲۵ نفر شتر ماده ― 25 nafar šotor-e mâde ― 25 female camels
* (formal) soldier
* (derogatory) guy, dude, fellow

#### Usage notes

* Since Persian nouns do not take the plural form when following a number, but classifiers always follow a number by definition, the formal plural نفرات (nafarât, “soldiers”) is reserved for the meaning "soldier".