# 砟

| 砟 | U+781F, &#30751; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-781F |
| ← 砞 [U+781E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 砠 → [U+7820] |

## Translingual
### Han character

砟 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口人尸 (MROS), four-corner 1861$_1$, composition ⿰石乍)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 828, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24083
* Dae Jaweon: page 1243, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2423, character 13
* Unihan data for U+781F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 作 | *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡs, *ʔsaːɡ |
| 鲊 | *ʔsraːʔ |
| 痄 | *ʔsraːʔ |
| 厏 | *ʔsraːʔ, *zraːʔ |
| 詐 | *ʔsraːɡs |
| 咋 | *ʔsraːɡs, *zraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ |
| 笮 | *ʔsraːɡs, *zaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 榨 | *ʔsraːɡs |
| 炸 | *ʔr'aːɡs, *zreːb |
| 乍 | *zraːɡs |
| 拃 | *ʔsraːnʔ |
| 酢 | *sʰaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 祚 | *zaːɡs |
| 胙 | *zaːɡs |
| 阼 | *zaːɡs |
| 飵 | *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 秨 | *zaːɡs, *zaːɡ |
| 迮 | *ʔsaːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 柞 | *ʔsaːɡ, *zaːɡ |
| 昨 | *zaːɡ |
| 怍 | *zaːɡ |
| 砟 | *zaːɡ |
| 莋 | *zaːɡ |
| 岝 | *zaːɡ, *zraːɡ |
| 鈼 | *zaːɡ |
| 筰 | *zaːɡ |
| 葃 | *zaːɡ, *zreːɡ, *zaɡ |
| 舴 | *ʔr'aːɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 窄 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 蚱 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 齚 | *zraːɡ |
| 泎 | *zraːɡ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǎ (zha$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chā / chēe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎ
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^3$
*** Yale: jǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaa
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎr
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎr
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: jǎr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaal
*** Palladius: чжар (čžar)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑɻ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaa$^2$
*** Yale: já
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: za$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saː³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chā
*** Tâi-lô: tsā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: za
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sa²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēe
*** Tâi-lô: tsēe
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɛ²²/

#### Definitions

砟
* small hard object (e.g. stone, coal)

#### Compounds

* 煤砟子
* 砟子
* 道砟 (dàozhǎ)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuò, zuó, zhà (zuo$^4$, zuo$^2$, zha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ, ㄗㄨㄛˊ, ㄓㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zok$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
*** Wade–Giles: tso$^4$
*** Yale: dzwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
*** Palladius: цзо (czo)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuó
*** Wade–Giles: tso$^2$
*** Yale: dzwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwo
*** Palladius: цзо (czo)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhà
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhà
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^4$
*** Yale: jà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jah
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zok$^6$
*** Yale: johk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔːk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: dzak
Rime :
| Character | 砟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 在各切 |
| Baxter | dzak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡zɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zuó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zaːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 砟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16668 |
| Phonetic component | 乍 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 昨 |
| Old Chinese | /*zaːɡ/ |
| Notes | 見曹操氣出唱 |

#### Definitions

砟
* Only used in 砟硌.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhà (zha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhà
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhà
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^4$
*** Yale: jà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jah
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaa$^3$
*** Yale: ja
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: za$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saː³³/

#### Definitions

砟
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) stele; stone tablet
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to carve; to engrave