# caitheamh
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish caithem. By surface analysis, caith +‎ -amh

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈkɑhəv/, /ˈkahəv/
* (Galway) IPA: /ˈka(hə)/ ~ /kaː(vˠ)/, (Cois Fharraige) [kaː]
* (Mayo) IPA: /ˈkahuː/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈkahũ/, /ˈkãhũ/; /ˈkæhuh/, [ˈkæhuw̥ʔ]

### Noun

caitheamh m (genitive singular as substantive caithimh, genitive as verbal noun caite)
* verbal noun of caith
* consumption
* spending
* wear
* passing
* throw, cast, pitch
* shooting, firing (a weapon)
* fire (in-flight bullets)

#### Declension

(as substantive):
bare forms
case
singular
nominative
caitheamh
vocative
a chaithimh
genitive
caithimh
dative
caitheamh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an caitheamh
genitive
an chaithimh
dative
leis an gcaitheamh don chaitheamh :
(as verbal noun):
bare forms
case
singular
nominative
caitheamh
vocative
a chaitheamh
genitive
caite
dative
caitheamh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an caitheamh
genitive
an chaite
dative
leis an gcaitheamh don chaitheamh :

#### Derived terms

* anchaitheamh
* caitheamh amach
* caitheamh anuas
* caitheamh in airde
* caitheamh le fána

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caithem”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 90, page 50
* ↑ Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947) The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 94, line 22
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 150
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 143, page 61
* ↑ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 54, page 15
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 5, page 6
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 172, page 65
* ↑ Wagner, Heinrich (1959) Gaeilge Theilinn: Foghraidheacht, Gramadach, Téacsanna [The Irish of Teelin: Phonetics, Grammar, Texts] (in Irish), Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 150, page 55; reprinted 1979

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “caitheamh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “caiṫeaṁ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 109
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “caitheamh”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “caitheamh”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish caithem. By surface analysis, caith +‎ -amh

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Uist, Trotternish) IPA: /ˈkʰɛ̃hu/
* (Harris, much of Skye) IPA: /ˈkʰɛ̃həv/
* (Barra) IPA: /ˈkʰɛ̃həɣ/

### Noun

caitheamh f (genitive singular caitheimh, plural caitheamhan)
* verbal noun of caith
* consumption
* (with article, a' chaitheamh) asthma, tuberculosis

#### Derived terms

* ana-caitheamh (“extravagance, prodigality, waste; profusion; riot”)
* caitheamh a' ghrùthain
* caitheamh-aimsire (“pastime, sport, diversion; waste of time.”)
* caitheamh-beatha (“moral conduct, behaviour, conversation, mode of living”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
* ↑ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎, Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ BBC Naidheachdan: Faclan Feumail

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “caitheamh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caithem”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language