# yi-
## Navajo
### Etymology 1
#### Prefix

yi-
* his, her, its, their
    ‎amá (“one's mother”) + ‎yi- → ‎yimá (“his/her/its/their mother”)

##### See also
### Etymology 2
#### Prefix

yi-
* A peg element added to 1st person singular and third person ∅-imperfective verbs to fit syllable shape restraints
    ‎yi- + ‎sh- + -cha → ‎yishcha (“I'm crying”)

##### See also

* Navajo terms prefixed with yi- (peg element) yibááh yibal yibéézh yicha yíchííł yíchʼííh yidąąh yideeł yidleeʼ yidlóóh yidziih yigan yigeeh yighááh yíghááh yighaał yihę́ę́s yíjeeh yikááh yíkááh yikad yikah yikęęs yilchʼąął yildin yildlóósh yíldlóósh yileeh yílį́ yilnood yiltłʼééh yíltłʼééh yiltsą́ yilyeed yílyeed yilʼá yimáás yímáás yinééh yínééh yishtłizh yitaał yitiih yitin yitʼééh yítʼééh yitʼį́ yitłíísh yitsʼííd yiwod yiwozh yiyéés yíyéés yiyį́į́h yiził yiʼaash yiʼeeł yíʼeeł yiʼéés yiʼnééh yíʼnééh
* y-

### Etymology 3
#### Prefix

yi-
* Marks the progressive mode
    ‎-DLOʼ (“to laugh”) + ‎yi- → ‎yidloh (“he/she/it is smiling”)
* With di-, marks the future mode

##### Conjugation

The future tense prefixes are formed by combining di- and yi-:

##### Derived terms
### Etymology 4
#### Prefix

yi-
* Marks the transitional aspect

##### Derived terms

* Navajo terms prefixed with yi- (transitional) bééhoozįįh dii- diibááh diichʼééh diidzééh diigis diiłheeł diimáás diitííh diitłʼíísh hiłiijį́į́h hoogááh hoolʼįįh hoołʼaah hooʼaah íhoołʼaah iiłháásh niidóóh yadidiilnííh yayiizííd yidiidzį́į́s yidiilkaal yidiilóós yidiiłbąąs yidiiłkǫǫh yidiiłmáás yidiiłtłʼíísh yidiitsʼį́į́h yíhoołʼaah yiibááh yiichííh yiigááh yiijį́į́h yiiltééh yiiłtsʼįįł yiitáás yiitįįh yiitsóóh yiizįįh yiniisííł yiyiiłbááh yiyiiłchííh yiyiiłgááh yiyiiłtáás yiyiiłtsóóh yiyiinih yiyiishį́į́h

### Etymology 5
#### Prefix

yi-
* Alternative form of hi-, used after dzi-, position IV prefixes, and V prefixes

### References

* Young, Robert W & William Morgan, Sr. The Navajo Language. A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary. University of New Mexico Press. Albuquerque, NM: 1987.

## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

## Phuthi
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

## Southern Ndebele
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

## Swazi
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

## Xhosa
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yi-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

## Zulu
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yí-
* they; class 4 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* them; class 4 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-.

#### Prefix

yí-
* he, she, it; class 9 subject concord; form of i- used when another prefix precedes.
* him, her, it; class 9 object concord.

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “yi-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “yi-”