# frugal
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French, from Latin frugalis (“virtuous, thrifty”). Displaced native Old English spærhende (literally “spare-handed”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɹuːɡəl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːɡəl

### Adjective

frugal (comparative more frugal, superlative most frugal)
* Avoiding unnecessary expenditure either of money or of anything else which is to be used or consumed; avoiding waste.
    frugal advice
** 1776, Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Book II, Chapter III:By what a frugal man annually saves, he not only affords maintenance to an additional number of productive hands, for that or the ensuing year, but [also] establishes as it were a perpetual fund for the maintenance of an equal number in all times to come.

#### Synonyms

* cheap
* economical
* thrifty
* See also Thesaurus:frugal

#### Antonyms

* lavish
* prodigal
* spendthrift

#### Derived terms

* frugalism
* frugalist
* frugalista
* frugality
* frugalize
* frugally
* frugalness
* infrugal
* superfrugal
* unfrugal

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “frugal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “frugal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin frūgālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fʁy.ɡal/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

frugal (feminine frugale, masculine plural frugaux, feminine plural frugales)
* frugal, austere

#### Related terms

* frugalement
* frugalité

### Further reading

* “frugal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin frūgālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɾuˈɡal/ [fɾuˈɣ̞ɑɫ]
* IPA: (standard) /fɾuˈɡal/ [fɾuˈɣ̞ɑɫ]
* IPA: (gheada) /fɾuˈħal/ [fɾuˈħɑɫ]
* Rhymes: -al
* Hyphenation: fru‧gal

### Adjective

frugal m or f (plural frugais)
* frugal, economical

#### Related terms

* frugalidade

### Further reading

* “frugal”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frugal, from Latin frugalis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [fʁuˈɡaːl]
* Hyphenation: fru‧gal
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

frugal (strong nominative masculine singular frugaler, comparative frugaler, superlative am frugalsten)
* frugal

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “frugal” in Duden online
* “frugal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin frūgālis.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /fɾuˈɡaw/ [fɾuˈɡaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɾuˈɡal/ [fɾuˈɣaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɾuˈɡal/ [fɾuˈɣaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /fɾuˈɡa.li/ [fɾuˈɣa.li]
* Rhymes: -al, -aw
* Hyphenation: fru‧gal

### Adjective

frugal m or f (plural frugais)
* frugal, economical

#### Derived terms

* frugalmente

#### Related terms

* frugalidade

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frugal, from Latin frugalis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fruˈɡal/

### Adjective

frugal m or n (feminine singular frugală, masculine plural frugali, feminine and neuter plural frugale)
* frugal

#### Related terms

* frugalitate

### Further reading

* frugal in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin frūgālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɾuˈɡal/ [fɾuˈɣ̞al]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: fru‧gal

### Adjective

frugal m or f (masculine and feminine plural frugales)
* frugal
    Synonym: parco
* economical
    Synonym: económico

#### Related terms

* frugalidad

### Further reading

* “frugal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10