# census
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cēnsus, from cēnseō. See censor.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈsɛnsəs/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

census (countable and uncountable, plural censuses or censusses or census)
* An official count or enumeration of members of a population (not necessarily human), usually residents or citizens in a particular region, often done at regular intervals.
** 1984, 43:03 from the start, in Dune‎ (Science Fiction), spoken by Reverend Mother Ramallo, →OCLC:As you know, the Imperium has never been able to take a census of the Fremen. Everyone thinks that there are but few wandering here and there in the desert. My Lord, I suspect an incredible secret has been kept on this planet: that the Fremen exist in vast numbers- vast- and it is they who control Arrakis.
* Count, tally.
** 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 7, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:In what census of living creatures, the dead of mankind are included ...

#### Derived terms

* anticensus
* census area
* census-designated place
* census tract
* intercensus
* microcensus
* noncensus
* postcensus
* precensus
* recensus

#### Translations

Afrikaans: sensus
Arabic: تَعْدَاد اَلسُّكَّان m (taʕdād as-sukkān), إِحْصَاء اَلسُّكَّان m (ʔiḥṣāʔ as-sukkān)
Armenian: մարդահամար (hy) (mardahamar)
Asturian: censu de población
Azerbaijani: siyahıyaalınma, əhalinin siyahıyaalınması
Bashkir: халыҡ иҫәбен алыу (xalıq iśəben alıw)
Belarusian: пе́рапіс насе́льніцтва m (pjérapis nasjélʹnictva), пе́рапіс m (pjérapis)
Bengali: আদমশুমারি (bn) (adomśumari)
Bulgarian: преброяване на населението n (prebrojavane na naselenieto)
Catalan: cens (ca) m, cens de població m
Chechen: нахбагарбар (naxbagarbar)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 人口普查 (zh) (rénkǒu pǔchá), 人口調查 / 人口调查 (zh) (rénkǒu diàochá), 戶口檢查 / 户口检查 (hùkǒu jiǎnchá)
Czech: sčítání lidu n
Danish: folketælling c
Dutch: volkstelling (nl) f
Egyptian: (ṯnwt f)
Esperanto: censo, popolnombrado
Estonian: rahvaloendus
Finnish: väestönlaskenta (fi)
French: recensement (fr) m, recensement de la population m
Galician: censo (gl) m, padrón (gl) m
Georgian: აღწერა (ka) (aɣc̣era), მოსახლეობის აღწერა (mosaxleobis aɣc̣era)
German: Zensus (de) m, Volkszählung (de) f, Befragung (de) f, Bevölkerungszählung f, Zählung (de) f
Greek: απογραφή (el) f (apografí)
Ancient: ἀπογραφή f (apographḗ)
Hebrew: מפקד אוכלוסין
Hindi: जनगणना (hi) (jangaṇnā)
Hungarian: népszámlálás (hu)
Icelandic: manntal (is) n
Ido: kontado (io), nombrizado (io), kontaduro
Indonesian: sensus (id)
Inuktitut: ᓈᓴᐃᔩᑦ (naasaiyiit)
Irish: móráireamh m, daonáireamh m
Italian: censo (it) m, censimento (it) m
Japanese: 国勢調査 (ja) (こくせいちょうさ, kokusei chōsa), 人口調査 (ja) (じんこうちょうさ, jinkō chōsa)
Javanese: cacah sirah
Kazakh: халық санағы (xalyq sanağy)
Korean: 인구조사 (ko) (in'gujosa), 국세조사 (guksejosa)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: سەرژمێر (serijmêr)
Northern Kurdish: serjimêrî (ku) f, nifûsjimêrî f
Kyrgyz: эл каттоо (el kattoo)
Latvian: tautas skaitīšana
Lithuanian: cenzas m, gyventojų surašymas
Macedonian: попис m (popis)
Malay: banci (ms)
Maori: tatauranga, kautetanga
Marathi: जनगणना f (jangaṇnā)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: хүн амын тооллого (xün amyn toollogo), хүн амын нийдэм байцаалт (xün amyn niidem bajcaalt) (China)
Mongolian: ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ (kümün am-ün toɣalalg-a), ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ (kümün am-ün neyidem bayičaɣalta)
Navajo: bílaʼashdlaʼii náóltahígíí
Norwegian:
Bokmål: folketelling m or f
Nynorsk: folketeljing f
Pashto: سرشمېرنه
Persian: سرشماری (fa)
Polish: spis ludności m, spis statystyczny m
Portuguese: censo (pt) m, recenseamento (pt) m, censo demográfico m
Punjabi: ਮਰਦਮਸ਼ੁਮਾਰੀ (pa) (mardamaśumārī)
Romanian: recensământ (ro) n
Russian: пе́репись населе́ния (ru) f (pérepisʹ naselénija), пе́репись (ru) f (pérepisʹ)
Serbo-Croatian: cenzus (sh) m, popis stanovništva m
Slovak: sčítanie ľudu n, sčítanie obyvateľstva n
Slovene: popis prebivalstva m
Spanish: censo (es) m
Swahili: sensa
Swedish: folkräkning (sv) c
Tagalog: lahatambilang
Tajik: барӯйхатгирии аҳолӣ (barüyxatgiri-yi aholi)
Thai: สำมะโน (th) (sǎm-má-noo)
Tibetan: མི་འབོར་ཞིབ་བཤེར (mi 'bor zhib bsher, literally “investigation of the quantity of people”), མི་འབོར་གྲངས་བཤེར (mi 'bor grangs bsher), མི་རྩིས (mi rtsis, literally “people calculation”)
Turkish: nüfus sayımı (tr)
Ukrainian: пере́пис насе́лення m (perépys nasélennja), пере́пис m (perépys)
Urdu: مردم شماری
Vietnamese: (cuộc) điều tra dân số (politically sensitive), (cuộc) thống kê dân số, (cuộc) kiểm kê dân số
Volapük: pöpinümäd
Welsh: cyfrifiad (cy) m
West Frisian: folkstelling
Yiddish: צענזוס m (tsenzus) :

#### See also

* headcount

### Verb

census (third-person singular simple present censuses or censusses, present participle censusing or censussing, simple past and past participle censused or censussed)
* (transitive) To conduct a census on.
** 1893, Census of India, 1891, volume 23, page 347:Each page of the schedule was crossruled with 8 lines, capable of censussing 8 individuals.
** 2008, Pierandrea Brichetti et al., “Recent declines in urban Italian Sparrow Passer (domesticus) italiae populations in northern Italy”, in Ibis, page 179, column 2:Indeed, none of the recorded characteristics of buildings nor their location affected our counts of breeding Sparrows, which appeared to be distributed rather homogeneously across the urban areas we censused.
* (intransitive) To collect a census.
** 1965, Fauna & Flora, page 46:My initiation to waterfowl censussing took place in the early days of the A.W.E., as it is familiarly known, when I served as a junior to one of the ablest of the Witwatersrand pioneers, Royce Reed. The method used must remain one of the three basic methods of Transvaal waterfowl censussing, although it has certain inherent limitations.
** 1995, Netherlands Journal of Zoology, volume 45, page 390:For 14 individuals, eight censusses per daily period were performed within two weeks (32 censusses per individual), each time recording the coordinates of location. The territories of the individuals were defined as the area defended successfully against conspecifics by agonistic and/or non-agonistic behaviour, as described by Wickler (1969) and Nelissen (1976). The locations of the territories were determined from censussing; their sizes were estimated by behavioural observations.

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin census.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɛn.zʏs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: cen‧sus

### Noun

census m (plural censussen)
* a census
    Synonym: volkstelling
* (historical) a tax that one has to pay to receive the right to vote in jurisdictions with census suffrage
    Synonym: cijns

#### Derived terms

* censuskiesrecht

#### Related terms

* censureren
* censor
* censuur
* cijns

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: sensus
* → Indonesian: sensus
* → Sranan Tongo: sènses

## Latin
### Etymology

From cēnseō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈken.sus/, [ˈkẽːs̠ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃen.sus/, [ˈt͡ʃɛnsus]

### Noun

cēnsus m (genitive cēnsūs); fourth declension
* census, a registering of the populace and their property
* a register resulting from a census
* (poetic) rich gifts, presents, wealth

#### Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* → Asturian: censu
* → Catalan: cens
* → Dutch: census
* → English: census
* → Old French: cens
** French: cens
*** → Romanian: cens
** → Middle Dutch: cijns
*** Dutch: cijns
* → German: Zensus
* → Galician: censo
* → Old High German: zins
** Middle High German: zins
*** Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: zis
    Mòcheno: tschins
*** German: Zins
*** Hunsrik: Zins
*** → Polish: czynsz
* → Old Irish: cís
** Irish: cíos
** Manx: keesh
** Scottish Gaelic: cìs
* → Italian: censo
* → Lithuanian: cenzas
* → Portuguese: censo
* → Russian: ценз (cenz)
* → Serbo-Croatian: cenzus / цензус
* → Spanish: censo
* → Swahili: sensa
* → Yiddish: צענזוס (tsenzus)

### Adjective

cēnsus (feminine cēnsa, neuter cēnsum); first/second-declension adjective
* registered
* assessed
* reckoned

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### References

* “census”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “census”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "census", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* census in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to hold the census: censum habere, agere (Liv. 3. 22) to strike off the burgess-roll: censu prohibere, excludere
* “census”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “census”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin