# -ismo
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈismo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Hyphenation: is‧mo

### Suffix

-ismo
* -ism

#### Derived terms

* ismo

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin -ismus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈismo/ [ˈiz̺.mʊ]
* Rhymes: -ismo

### Suffix

-ismo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ismos)
* -ism

#### Derived terms
## Interlingua
### Etymology

Borrowed from English -ism, French -isme, Italian -ismo, Portuguese -ismo/Spanish -ismo, Russian -изм (-izm), all ultimately from Latin -ismus, from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈismo/

### Suffix

-ismo
* forms nouns from nouns, denoting a state or practice of being; -ism
    ‎despota (“despot”) + ‎-ismo → ‎despotismo (“despotism”)
    ‎gigante (“giant”) + ‎-ismo → ‎gigantismo (“gigantism”)
    ‎magnete (“magnet”) + ‎-ismo → ‎magnetismo (“magnetism”)
* (medicine) forms nouns from nouns, denoting a condition or syndrome; -ism
    ‎plumbo (“iron”) + ‎-ismo → ‎plumbismo (“plumbism, lead poisoning”)
    ‎caffeina (“caffeine”) + ‎-ismo → ‎caffeinismo (“caffeinism”)
    ‎alcohol (“alcohol”) + ‎-ismo → ‎alcoholismo (“alcoholism”)
* forms nouns from nouns, denoting a doctrine or practice of concerned with the root; -ism
    ‎Calvin (“Calvin”) + ‎-ismo → ‎calvinismo (“Calvinism”)
    ‎social (“social”) + ‎-ismo → ‎socialismo (“socialism”)
* forms nouns from nouns, denoting a characteristic or language; -ism
    ‎hellen (“Hellene”) + ‎-ismo → ‎hellenisme (“Hellenism”)
    ‎gallic (“Gallic”) + ‎-ismo → ‎gallicisme (“gallicism”)

#### Usage notes

* This suffix is often parallel to human nouns in -ista, adjectives in -ista and verbs in -isar.

#### Derived terms
### References

* Alexander Gode, Hugh E. Blair (1955) Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin -ismus.

### Suffix

-ismo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ismi)
* -ism (all senses)
    ‎attendere (“to wait”) + ‎-ismo → ‎attendismo (“wait-and-see doctrine”)
    ‎Trump + ‎-ismo → ‎trumpismo (“Trumpism”)
    ‎alcol (“alcohol”) + ‎-ismo → ‎alcolismo (“alcoholism”)
    ‎arcaico (“archaic”) + ‎-ismo → ‎arcaismo (“archaism”)
    ‎organo (“organ”) + ‎-ismo → ‎organismo (“organism”)
    ‎scacchi (“chess”) + ‎-ismo → ‎scacchismo (“chess play”)

#### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* miso, miso-, simo, somi

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈis.moː/, [ˈɪs̠moː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈis.mo/, [ˈizmo]

### Suffix

-ismō m
* dative/ablative singular of -ismus

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin -ismus, from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós), from -ίζω (-ízō) + -μός (-mós).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈiz.mu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈiz.mu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈiʒ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈiz.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈiʒ.mu/
* Hyphenation: -is‧mo

### Suffix

-ismo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ismos)
* -ism

#### Usage notes

The following ending(s) change(s) in words appended with this suffix:
* ⟨-ção⟩, ⟨-são⟩ (in feminine abstract nouns, incl. plural forms) → ⟨-cion⟩, ⟨-sion⟩
* ⟨-ão⟩ (in augmentatives, demonyms, and subatomic particles, incl. plural forms) → ⟨-on⟩
* ⟨-ã(o)⟩ (incl. plural forms) → ⟨-(i)an⟩ or ⟨-(i)on⟩, depending on the base word's etymology
* ⟨-m⟩ (incl. plural forms) → ⟨-n⟩
* ⟨-vel⟩ (in adjectives and derivatives, incl. plural forms) → ⟨-bil⟩
* ⟨-z⟩ (in adjectives and derivatives, incl. plural forms) → ⟨-c(i)⟩

#### Derived terms
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin -ismus, from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós), often already present in words taken (either via Latin, or directly) from Ancient Greek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈismo/ [ˈiz.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: -is‧mo

### Suffix

-ismo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ismos)
* -ism

#### Related terms

* -ista

### Further reading

* “-ismo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish -ismo, from Latin -ismus, from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈismo/ [ˈis.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: -is‧mo

### Suffix

-ismo (noun-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)
* -ism

#### Related terms

* -ista

### Anagrams

* imos, miso