# 廢

| 廢 | U+5EE2, &#24290; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EE2 |
| ← 廡 [U+5EE1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 廣 → [U+5EE3] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 廢 |
| Shinjitai | 廃 |
| Simplified | 废 |

### Han character

廢 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 戈弓人水 (INOE), four-corner 0024$_7$, composition ⿸广發)

#### Derived characters

* 𡓊, 櫠, 䕠, 䉬

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 351, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9492
* Dae Jaweon: page 662, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 903, character 10
* Unihan data for U+5EE2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 廢 | *pads |
| 癈 | *pads |
| 橃 | *pads, *bad |
| 撥 | *paːd |
| 鱍 | *paːd, *pʰaːd |
| 襏 | *paːd |
| 驋 | *paːd |
| 鏺 | *pʰaːd |
| 潑 | *pʰaːd |
| 醱 | *pʰaːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pads): semantic 广 (“house”) + phonetic 發 (OC *pad).
During the Zhou–Qin period, 灋 (OC *pqab) and 法 (OC *pqab) were used to represent 廢.

### Etymology

Related to 乏 (OC *bob, “to lack; to neglect”). Cognate with Tibetan འབབ ('bab, “to go down; to move downward; to descend; calamity”), འབེབས ('bebs, “to cause to fall; to bring down”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Thai บอบ (bɔ̀ɔp, “weak, worn out, run down”) (ibid.).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fèi (fei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fai$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fi$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): hi̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): hié
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hòe / hùi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hui$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$fi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^4$
*** Yale: fèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
*** Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fai$^3$
*** Yale: fai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐi̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fi
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hi̿
*** Sinological IPA : /xi³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hié
*** Sinological IPA : /hiɛ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hòe
*** Tâi-lô: huè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoex
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hue¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /hue²¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùi
*** Tâi-lô: huì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huix
*** IPA (Taipei): /hui¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /hui²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hui$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hùi
*** Sinological IPA : /hui²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$fi
*** MiniDict: fi$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$fi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fi³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: fei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɸe̞i̯⁴⁵/
* Middle Chinese: pjojH
Rime :
| Character | 廢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 廢 (28) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方肺切 |
| Baxter | pjojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʉɐi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʷiɐi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /piuɐi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭwɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯wɐi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[p-k]ap-s/, /*pat-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pads/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 廢 | 廢 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fèi | fèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjoj$^H$ › | ‹ pjoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[p-k]ap-s/ | /*pat-s/ |
| English | cast aside | great |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 廢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2828 |
| Phonetic component | 發 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 廢 |
| Old Chinese | /*pads/ |
| Notes | 肺原作胏依校本 |

### Definitions

廢
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of house) to collapse
* to abandon; to abrogate; to abolish
* abandoned; deserted
* to stop; to terminate
* to oust; to dethrone
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to decline; to decay; to ruin
* disabled; handicapped; crippled
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) decayed; spoiled; bad
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to neglect; to disregard; to overlook
* useless; disused
* waste; unwanted material
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to fall; to drop
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to kill; to slay
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to lay down
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to waste; to squander
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 發 / 发 (“to take place; to happen”)
* dejected; dispirited

### Compounds

* 不可偏廢 / 不可偏废 (bùkě piānfèi)
* 不廢 / 不废
* 中途而廢 / 中途而废 (zhōngtú'érfèi)
* 中道而廢 / 中道而废 (zhōngdào'érfèi)
* 以人廢言 / 以人废言 (yǐrénfèiyán)
* 以噎廢飧 / 以噎废飧
* 以私廢公 / 以私废公
* 作廢 / 作废 (zuòfèi)
* 修舊利廢 / 修旧利废
* 偏廢 / 偏废 (piānfèi)
* 前功盡廢 / 前功尽废 (qiángōngjìnfèi)
* 半途而廢 / 半途而废 (bàntú'érfèi)
* 因噎廢食 / 因噎废食 (yīnyēfèishí)
* 報廢 / 报废 (bàofèi)
* 存廢 / 存废 (cúnfèi)
* 寢食俱廢 / 寝食俱废
* 工業廢汙 / 工业废污
* 廢主 / 废主 (fèizhǔ)
* 廢五金 / 废五金
* 廢人 / 废人 (fèirén)
* 廢典 / 废典 (fèidiǎn)
* 廢品 / 废品 (fèipǐn)
* 廢員 / 废员
* 廢土 / 废土
* 廢址 / 废址 (fèizhǐ)
* 廢墟 / 废墟 (fèixū)
* 廢墜 / 废坠
* 廢嫡立庶 / 废嫡立庶 (fèi dí lì shù)
* 廢學 / 废学
* 廢寢忘食 / 废寝忘食 (fèiqǐnwàngshí)
* 廢寢忘餐 / 废寝忘餐
* 廢寢輟食 / 废寝辍食
* 廢帝 / 废帝 (fèidì)
* 廢弛 / 废弛 (fèichí)
* 廢慢 / 废慢
* 廢掉 / 废掉
* 廢料 / 废料 (fèiliào)
* 廢時 / 废时
* 廢時失事 / 废时失事 (fèishíshīshì)
* 廢時失業 / 废时失业
* 廢書而歎 / 废书而叹
* 廢棄 / 废弃 (fèiqì)
* 廢棄物 / 废弃物
* 廢業 / 废业
* 廢止 / 废止 (fèizhǐ)
* 廢死 / 废死 (fèisǐ)
* 廢氣 / 废气 (fèiqì)
* 廢水 / 废水 (fèishuǐ)
* 廢沼 / 废沼
* 廢液 / 废液 (fèiyè)
* 廢渣 / 废渣 (fèizhā)
* 廢然 / 废然
* 廢然而反 / 废然而反
* 廢然而返 / 废然而返
* 廢然長嘆 / 废然长叹
* 廢熱 / 废热 (fèirè)
* 廢物 / 废物
* 廢物利用 / 废物利用
* 廢疾 / 废疾
* 廢票 / 废票 (fèipiào)
* 廢禮 / 废礼
* 廢立 / 废立 (fèilì)
* 廢約 / 废约
* 廢紙 / 废纸 (fèizhǐ)
* 廢置 / 废置 (fèizhì)
* 廢耕 / 废耕
* 廢舊 / 废旧 (fèijiù)
* 廢話 / 废话 (fèihuà)
* 廢賢失政 / 废贤失政
* 廢銅爛鐵 / 废铜烂铁 (fèitónglàntiě)
* 廢錮 / 废锢
* 廢鐵 / 废铁 (fèitiě)
* 廢除 / 废除 (fèichú)
* 廢食忘寢 / 废食忘寝
* 廢黜 / 废黜 (fèichù)
* 弛廢 / 弛废 (chífèi)
* 徇私廢公 / 徇私废公
* 徒廢脣舌 / 徒废唇舌
* 忘寢廢食 / 忘寝废食
* 忘餐廢寢 / 忘餐废寝
* 怠廢 / 怠废
* 成敗興廢 / 成败兴废
* 捐廢 / 捐废
* 撤廢 / 撤废 (chèfèi)
* 曠廢 / 旷废 (kuàngfèi)
* 核廢料 / 核废料 (héfèiliào)
* 核能廢料 / 核能废料
* 殘廢 / 残废 (cánfèi)
* 殘而不廢 / 残而不废 (cán'érbùfèi)
* 海廢 / 海废 (hǎifèi)
* 百廢俱興 / 百废俱兴 (bǎifèijùxīng)
* 百廢俱舉 / 百废俱举 (bǎifèijùjǔ)
* 百廢備舉 / 百废备举
* 百廢待舉 / 百废待举 (bǎifèidàijǔ)
* 盛衰興廢 / 盛衰兴废
* 禮廢樂崩 / 礼废乐崩
* 窩囊廢 / 窝囊废 (wōnangfèi)
* 綱紀廢弛 / 纲纪废弛
* 老廢物 / 老废物
* 耍廢 / 耍废
* 臨食廢箸 / 临食废箸
* 興廢 / 兴废 (xīngfèi)
* 興廢存亡 / 兴废存亡
* 興廢繼絕 / 兴废继绝
* 興滅舉廢 / 兴灭举废
* 舉一廢百 / 举一废百
* 荒廢 / 荒废 (huāngfèi)
* 虛談廢務 / 虚谈废务
* 見噎廢食 / 见噎废食
* 身廢名裂 / 身废名裂
* 頹廢 / 颓废 (tuífèi)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 廃 |
| Kyūjitai | 廢 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 廃)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ほ (ho)
* Kan-on: はい (hai)
* Kun: すたる (sutaru, 廢る)、すたれる (sutareru, 廢れる)、おちる (ochiru, 廢ちる)、ふす (fusu, 廢す)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 廢 (MC pjojH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 볭〮 (Yale: pyéy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 폐 (phyey) (Yale: phyey) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʰje̞(ː)] ~ [pʰe̞(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [폐(ː)/페(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 廢 (eumhun 폐할 폐 (pyehal pye)) 廢 (eumhun 버릴 폐 (beoril pye))
* hanja form of 폐 (“to terminate”)
* hanja form of 폐 (“to abandon”)

#### Compounds

* 존폐 (存廢, jonpye)
* 철폐 (撤廢, cheolpye)
* 퇴폐 (頹廢, toepye)
* 폐가입진 (廢假立眞, pyegaipjin)
* 폐기 (廢棄, pyegi)
* 폐수 (廢水, pyesu)
* 폐인 (廢人, pyein)
* 폐지 (廢止, pyeji)
* 폐허 (廢墟, pyeheo)
* 황폐 (荒廢, hwangpye)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

廢: Hán Nôm readings: phế
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.