# 歐

| 歐 | U+6B50, &#27472; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B50 |
| ← 歏 [U+6B4F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 歑 → [U+6B51] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 欧 |
| Simplified | 欧 |
| Traditional | 歐 |

### Han character

歐 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸口弓人 (SRNO), four-corner 7778$_2$, composition ⿰區欠)

#### Derived characters

* 𡂿 䥲 𤮥 𥗄 𧞨 𰎼 𰲊 𰟱 𲍨

#### Descendants

* 欧

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 571, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16185
* Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2149, character 12
* Unihan data for U+6B50

## Chinese

* 歐 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 歐 (Cantonese)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 歐 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 摳 | *kʰoː, *kʰo |
| 彄 | *kʰoː |
| 剾 | *kʰoː, *qoː |
| 謳 | *qoː |
| 歐 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 區 | *qoː, *kʰo |
| 鷗 | *qoː |
| 甌 | *qoː |
| 漚 | *qoː, *qoːs |
| 瞘 | *qoː |
| 嘔 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 櫙 | *qoː |
| 膒 | *qoː |
| 蓲 | *qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos |
| 醧 | *qoː, *qas |
| 鏂 | *qoː |
| 毆 | *qoːʔ |
| 塸 | *qoːʔ |
| 貙 | *kʰl'o |
| 樞 | *kʰjo |
| 驅 | *kʰo, *kʰos |
| 軀 | *kʰo |
| 嶇 | *kʰo |
| 鰸 | *kʰo |
| 敺 | *kʰo |
| 傴 | *qoʔ |
| 嫗 | *qos |
| 饇 | *qos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ): phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo) + semantic 欠 (“to yawn; to exhale”) – to vomit (original form of 嘔).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): ōu (ou$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄡ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngou$^1$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): au$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): eu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): êu
    (Hailu, HRS): eu$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): êu$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): é
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĕu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ao$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): au / o͘ / o / io
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$eu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngou$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ou
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^1$
*** Yale: ōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
*** Palladius: оу (ou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ngou$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngou
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋəu⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: au$^1$
*** Yale: āu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: au$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐu̯⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: eu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /eu³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: êu
*** Hakka Romanization System: eu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: eu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /eu̯²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: eu$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /eu⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: êu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /eu⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é
*** Sinological IPA : /e⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕu
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ao$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: au
*** Sinological IPA : /au⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
*** Tâi-lô: au
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /au³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘
*** Tâi-lô: oo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: of
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o
*** Tâi-lô: o
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /o³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
*** Tâi-lô: io
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /io⁴⁴/
* au - vernacular (incl. surname);
* o͘/o/io - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit歐 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ou⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ou⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /nou²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ŋou²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ɣou²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ou²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ŋou²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /nɯ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /əu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ou³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɤu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ŋəu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ŋəu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ŋəu⁵⁵/ /əu⁵⁵/ 新 |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /əu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /əɯ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʐɯ²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɣəu¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ŋəu¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ŋəu³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɤ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɤ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ʔei³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /au³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /niu³¹/ /ŋiu³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ŋəu³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ŋəɯ³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ŋiɛu⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /eu⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /eu²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ɐu⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ɐu⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ɐu⁵³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ɔ⁵⁵/ /au⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /eu⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /e⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /au³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ɔu²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: 'uw
Rime :
| Character | 歐 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏侯切 |
| Baxter | 'uw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔu/ |
| Wang Li | /əu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | au$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 歐 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 10583 |
| Phonetic component | 區 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 謳 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoː/ |

#### Definitions

歐
* Short for 歐羅巴／欧罗巴 (Ōuluóbā, “Europe”).
    歐洲／欧洲 ― Ōuzhōu ― Europe
    東歐／东欧 ― Dōng-Ōu ― Eastern Europe
    歐化／欧化 ― ōuhuà ― to Europeanise
* Short for 歐盟／欧盟 (Ōuméng, “European Union”).
    英歐關係／英欧关系 ― Yīng Ōu guānxì ― UK-EU relationship
* Short for 歐元／欧元 (ōuyuán, “euro”).
    二十歐／二十欧 ― èrshí ōu ― twenty euros
* Short for 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ, “ohm”).
* Alternative form of 謳 / 讴 (ōu, “to sing”)
* Alternative form of 毆 / 殴 (ōu, “to beat; to strike”)
* a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 歐元 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 歐元 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 歐元, 歐羅, 歐 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 歐元 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 歐元 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 歐元 |

#### Compounds

* 僕歐 / 仆欧 (pú'ōu)
* 北歐 / 北欧 (Běi-Ōu)
* 南歐 / 南欧 (Nán-Ōu)
* 印歐 / 印欧 (Yìn-Ōu)
* 大小歐陽 / 大小欧阳
* 東南歐 / 东南欧
* 東歐 / 东欧 (Dōng-Ōu)
* 東歐集團 / 东欧集团
* 歐亞 / 欧亚
* 歐亞大陸 / 欧亚大陆
* 歐佩克 / 欧佩克 (Ōupèikè)
* 歐元 / 欧元 (ōuyuán)
* 歐克 / 欧克 (ōukè)
* 歐冶子 / 欧冶子
* 歐冶鑄劍 / 欧冶铸剑
* 歐刀 / 欧刀
* 歐化 / 欧化 (ōuhuà)
* 歐吉桑 / 欧吉桑 (ōujísāng)
* 歐姆 / 欧姆 (ōumǔ)
* 歐妮 / 欧妮 (ōunī)
* 歐姆定律 / 欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ)
* 歐尼 / 欧尼 (ōuní)
* 歐尼醬 / 欧尼酱 (ōuníjiàng)
* 歐巴 / 欧巴 (ōubā)
* 歐巴桑 / 欧巴桑 (ōubāsāng)
* 歐巴馬 / 欧巴马 (Ōubāmǎ)
* 歐市 / 欧市
* 歐廟 / 欧庙 (Ōumiào)
* 歐式 / 欧式 (Ōushì)
* 歐戰 / 欧战 (Ōuzhàn)
* 歐文 / 欧文 (Ōuwén)
* 歐普藝術 / 欧普艺术
* 歐李 / 欧李
* 歐歌 / 欧歌
* 歐母畫荻 / 欧母画荻 (ōu mǔ huàdí)
* 歐氏管 / 欧氏管 (ōushìguǎn)
* 歐洲 / 欧洲 (Ōuzhōu)
* 歐洲美元 / 欧洲美元
* 歐洲議會 / 欧洲议会 (Ōuzhōu Yìhuì)
* 歐羅巴州 / 欧罗巴州
* 歐美 / 欧美 (Ōu-Měi)
* 歐耳 / 欧耳
* 歐胡島 / 欧胡岛
* 歐虞體 / 欧虞体
* 歐裔 / 欧裔 (ōuyì)
* 歐遊 / 欧游 (Ōuyóu)
* 歐陽 / 欧阳 (Ōuyáng)
* 歐風 / 欧风
* 歐風美雨 / 欧风美雨 (ōufēngměiyǔ)
* 歐體 / 欧体
* 泛歐 / 泛欧
* 西歐 / 西欧 (Xī-Ōu)
* 西歐聯盟 / 西欧联盟
* 西歐集團 / 西欧集团

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 歐 – see 嘔 (“to vomit; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 嘔).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02062
* “歐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 欧 |
| Kyūjitai | 歐 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欧)
* Europe

#### Readings

* Go-on: う (u)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)
* Kun: うたう (utau, 歐う)、はく (haku, 歐く)

## Korean
### Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 우 (u) based on Middle Chinese 歐 (MC 'uw).
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅮᇢ (Yale: qwuw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ku]
* Phonetic hangul: [구]

### Hanja

Wikisource 歐 (eumhun 구라파 구 (gurapa gu))
* hanja form of 구 (“Europe”)

#### Compounds

* 구라파 (歐羅巴, gurapa)
* 구미 (歐美, gumi)
* 서구 (西歐, seogu)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

歐: Hán Nôm readings: âu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.