# 喇叭
## Chinese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ (labai, “sea shell; conch; conch trumpet”), in turn borrowed from Early Mandarin 螺貝 (MC lwa pajH, “shell; conch; conch trumpet”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǎba, lǎbā
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄅㄚ, ㄌㄚˇ ㄅㄚ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лаба (laba, II-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): laa$^3$ baa$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): la$^5$ ba
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): la̍p-pá
    (Meixian, Guangdong): la$^2$ ba$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): lā-pá
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): la-pa / lá-pah / lah-pah / là-pa / la-pah / lat-pah
    (Teochew, Peng'im): la$^1$ ba$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$laq-paq; $^8$laq-pa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎba
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎbå
*** Wade–Giles: la$^3$-pa$^5$
*** Yale: lǎ-ba
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laa.ba
*** Palladius: лаба (laba)
*** Sinological IPA : /lä²¹⁴ b̥ä⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, literary or regional variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎbā
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˇ ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎba
*** Wade–Giles: la$^3$-pa$^1$
*** Yale: lǎ-bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laaba
*** Palladius: лаба (laba)
*** Sinological IPA : /lä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лаба (laba, II-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /la⁵¹ pa²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laa$^3$ baa$^1$
*** Yale: la bā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laa$^3$ baa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: la$^3$ ba$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /laː³³ paː⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: la$^5$ ba
*** Sinological IPA : /la¹¹ pa¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: la̍p-pá
*** Hakka Romanization System: lab ba$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lab$^6$ ba$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /lap̚⁵ pa³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: la$^2$ ba$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /la¹¹ pa⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lā-pá
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃a³³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(pʰ-)}$βɑ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la-pa
*** Tâi-lô: la-pa
*** Phofsit Daibuun: la'paf
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /la⁴⁴⁻²² pa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /la³³ pa³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /la⁴⁴⁻³³ pa⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lá-pah
*** Tâi-lô: lá-pah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lafpaq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /la⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ paʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /la⁵³⁻⁴⁴ paʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lah-pah
*** Tâi-lô: lah-pah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lahpaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /la(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ paʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: là-pa
*** Tâi-lô: là-pa
*** Phofsit Daibuun: larpaf
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /la²¹⁻⁴¹ pa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /la¹¹⁻⁵³ pa⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la-pah
*** Tâi-lô: la-pah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: la'paq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /la⁴⁴⁻³³ paʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lat-pah
*** Tâi-lô: lat-pah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: latpaq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lat̚³²⁻⁴ paʔ³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: la$^1$ ba$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: la pâ
*** Sinological IPA : /la³³⁻²³ pa⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$laq-paq; $^8$laq-pa
*** MiniDict: lah$^入$ pah; lah$^入$ pa
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$laq-paq; $^5$laq-pa
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /laʔ¹¹ paʔ²³/, /laʔ¹¹ pa²³/

### Noun

喇叭
* (music) horn; trumpet
* (regional, music) suona
* Alternative name for 揚聲器／扬声器 (yángshēngqì, “loudspeaker; speaker; amplifier”).
* (in automobiles etc.) horn
* (figurative) gossiper; one who disseminates information unrestrainedly

#### Usage notes

This is also used as a generic term to describe anything that has a horn or trumpet-like conical shape.

#### Synonyms

* (horn): (Hokkien) 咹咹
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 嗩吶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 嗩吶, 鼻兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 嗩吶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 嗩吶 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 樂人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 嗩吶 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 嗩吶子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 撒拉子, 哩哩吶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 嗩吶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 咪嗎, 嗩吶 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 啲咑, 哬哚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 啲咑, 嗩吶 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 啲咑 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 啲咑 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吹打, 嗩吶 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 喇叭 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 喇叭 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 哈噠 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 吹打 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 笛仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 笛仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 吹笛 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 笛仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 笛仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 笛仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 笛, 啲咑 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 笛仔, 笛 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 嗒嘀 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 大親 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jinyuan) | 咪咪 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 三號 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 啲嗒仔 soprano, 喇叭 alto or bass |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𫪦咑 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 噯仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 噯仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 嗒知嘟 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 鼓吹 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 啲咑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 啲咑 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 啲咑 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 啲咑 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 鼓手 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 笛 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 哬哚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 嗩吶 |
* (gossiper): 話筒／话筒 (huàtǒng), 傳聲筒／传声筒 (chuánshēngtǒng), 長舌／长舌 (chángshé); (Cantonese) 是非鬼

#### Derived terms

* 吹喇叭 (chuī lǎba)
* 喇叭口兒 / 喇叭口儿
* 喇叭手
* 喇叭筒
* 喇叭花 (lǎbahuā)
* 喇叭蟲 / 喇叭虫
* 喇叭裙 (lǎbaqún)
* 喇叭褲 / 喇叭裤 (lǎbakù)
* 喇喇叭叭
* 大喇叭 (dàlǎba)
* 小喇叭 (xiǎolǎbā)
* 琉璃喇叭
* 環繞喇叭 / 环绕喇叭
* 窗兒眼吹喇叭 / 窗儿眼吹喇叭
* 隔著窗戶吹喇叭 / 隔著窗户吹喇叭

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 喇(らっ)叭(ぱ) (rappa)
* → Korean: 나발(喇叭) (nabal)
Others:
* → Dongxiang: laba
* → Manchu: ᠯᠠᠪᠠ (laba)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 喇 | 叭 |
| らつ > らっ Hyōgai | は > ぱ Hyōgai |
| kan'on | tōon |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) らっぱ [ràppá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾa̠p̚pa̠]

### Noun

喇(らっ)叭(ぱ) • (rappa)
* trumpet
* bugle
* Short for 喇叭飲み (rappa-nomi, “drinking directly from the bottle”).

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 喇 | 叭 |

### Noun

喇叭 • (nabal) (hangeul 나발)
* hanja form of 나발 (“nabal”)