# 이

| 이 | U+C774, &#51060; HANGUL SYLLABLE I |
| Composition: | ㅇ + ㅣ |
| ← 읳 [U+C773] | Hangul Syllables | 익 → [U+C775] |
이익읶읷인읹읺 읻일읽읾읿잀잁 잂잃임입잆잇있 잉잊잋잌잍잎잏 :
| 의 ← | → 자 |

## Cia-Cia
### Preposition

이 (’i)
* the locative particle: in; at

## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i/

### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 二. Cognate with Korean 이 (i).

#### Numeral

이 (i)
* two

### Etymology 2

Cognate with Korean 이 (i).

#### Determiner

이 (i)
* this

#### See also

* 그 (geu, “that”)
* 저 (jeo, “that (distal)”)

### References

* “이” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Korean 이〮 (í, “this”), from Old Korean 是, 利 (*i, “this”) (which today should correspond to 伊)

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 이의 / 이에 / 이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Determiner

이 • (i)
* this (proximal determiner)
    Synonym: 요 (yo, “this”, diminutive)
    Coordinate terms: 그 (geu, “that”, mesial), 저 (jeo, “that”, distal)
    이 그림을 본 적이 있다. I geurim-eul bon jeog-i itda.I have seen this picture.

#### Pronoun

이 • (i)
* (literary, formal or dialectal) this, this thing, this person
    Synonyms: 이것 (igeot, “this thing”), 이거 (igeo, “this thing”, colloquial), 얘 (yae, “this person”, colloquial)
    Coordinate terms: 그 (geu, “that”, mesial), 저 (jeo, “that”, distal)
    이 뭣고? (Zen Buddhist koan, Gyeongsang dialect) ― i mwotgo? ― What is this?
    대한민국 시민으로서 이는 납득할 수 없습니다.Daehanmin'guk simin-euroseo i-neun napdeukhal su eopseumnida.As a citizen of the Republic of Korea, this is not something I can accept.
* (dialectal) here
    Synonym: 여기 (yeogi)

##### Usage notes

In spoken Korean, the word is used only as a determiner. To say "this person", "this thing", etc., a noun must be present: 이 사람 (i saram, “this person”), 이 것 (i geot, “this thing”), etc.

##### See also

$^1$ Not common.

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 二, from the Middle Korean reading ᅀᅵ〯 (Yale: zǐ), from Middle Chinese 二 (MC nyijH).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 이의 / 이에 / 이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

#### Numeral

이 • (i) (hanja 二)
* two

##### Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.
The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.
Native classifiers take native numerals.
* 개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
* 나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)
Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.
* 종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
* 이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
* 서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)
Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.
* 일 킬로미터 (il killomiteo, “one kilometer”, Sino-Korean numeral)
For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.
* 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
* 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)
When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.
* 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
* 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)
While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 二 for Sino-Korean compounds of 이 (二, i).

### Etymology 3

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 니〮 (Yale: ní). Compounds still retain the original form.

#### Pronunciation

In isolation or as the initial element of a compound:
* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]
As the non-initial element of a compound:
* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ni]
* Phonetic hangul: [니]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 이의 / 이에 / 이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

이 • (i)
* tooth, teeth (chiefly of a human)
    Synonyms: 이빨 (ippal, “tooth”, of an animal or colloquially of a human), 치아(齒牙) (“tooth”, formal, academic)
    이가 아프다i-ga apeudafor the teeth to hurt; to have a toothache
    이 없으면 잇몸으로 산다. (proverb) I eops-eumyeon inmom-euro sanda.With no teeth, I'd live with my gum.
* the teeth of a saw or a similar jagged surface
    이 빠진 컵 i ppajin keopa chipped cup
* (rare) mechanical joint
    Synonym: 이음 (ieum)

##### Usage notes

* In South Korea, the compounded form is written 니 (ni) to reflect the actual pronunciation. In North Korea, it is written 이 (i) for consistency. The pronunciation is the same in both countries except if spelling pronunciation interferes for some North Koreans.

##### Alternative forms

* 니 (ni, as the second element of a compound, in South Korean orthography)

##### Derived terms

* 금니 (geumni, “gold teeth”)
* 덧니 (deonni, “snaggleteeth”)
* (dialectal) 막니 (mangni, “wisdom teeth”)
* 사랑니 (sarangni, “wisdom teeth”)
* 송곳니 (songgonni, “canine teeth”)
* 아랫니 (araenni, “lower teeth”)
* 앞니 (amni, “incisor”)
* 어금니 (eogeumni, “molar”)
* 윗니 (winni, “upper teeth”)
* 은니 (eunni, “silver teeth”)
* 이빨 (ippal, “(animal) teeth”)
* 잇몸 (inmom, “gums in the mouth”)
* 젖니 (jeonni, “baby teeth”)
* 틀니 (teulli, “dentures”)

##### See also

* 齒 (chi, “tooth”), the hanja used in many teeth-related words

### Etymology 4

From Middle Korean 이〮 (í, “person”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]

#### Dependent noun

이 • (i)
* (formal, literary or dated) person, man (in the gender-neutral sense)
    말하는 이 없이 고요하다. Malha-neun i eopsi goyohada.It is quiet, with no man to talk.
    저기 가는 이가 누구요? jeogi ganeun i-ga nugu-yo?Who is that man passing yonder?
    Synonyms: 사람 (saram), 자 (ja), 분 (bun, polite)

##### Derived terms

* 그린이 (geurini, “illustrator”)
* 글쓴이 (geulsseuni, “author”)
* 늙은이 (neulgeuni, “old person”)
* 어린이 (eorini, “child”)
* 젊은이 (jeolmeuni, “youth”)
* 지은이 (jieuni, “author”)

### Etymology 5

First attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean 니〮 (Yale: ní). Compounds still retain the original form.

#### Pronunciation

In isolation or as the initial element of a compound:
* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]
As the non-initial element of a compound:
* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ni]
* Phonetic hangul: [니]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 이의 / 이에 / 이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

이 • (i)
* louse (tiny bloodsucking insect)

##### Usage notes

* In South Korea, the compounded form is written 니 (ni) to reflect the actual pronunciation. In North Korea, it is written 이 (i) for consistency. The pronunciation is the same in both countries except if spelling pronunciation interferes for some North Koreans.

##### Alternative forms

* 니 (ni) — as the second element of a compound, in South Korean orthography

##### Derived terms

* 가루이 (garu'i, “whitefly”)
* 닭니 (dangni, “chicken louse”)
* 머릿니 (meorinni, “hair louse”)
* 사면발니 (samyeonballi, “crab louse”)
* 옷엣니 (odenni, “body louse”)

### Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 李, Middle Korean reading 리〯 (Lǐ) and 니〯 (Nǐ).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Proper noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 이(李) (i) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(李) (ri) |
이 • (I) (hanja 李)
* a surname, the second most common Korean surname, used by roughly 7.3 million people in South Korea as of 2015

##### Usage notes

* 98.5% of South Koreans with this surname romanize it as "Lee". North Koreans tend to romanize it as "Ri".

### Etymology 7

Sino-Korean word from 理, from the Middle Korean reading 리〯 (Yale: lǐ), from Middle Chinese 理 (MC liX).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 이/리(理) (i/ri) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(理) (ri) |
이 • (i) (hanja 理)
* (East Asian philosophy, especially Confucianism) li, the underlying ordering principle of the cosmos
    Coordinate term: 기(氣) (gi, vital force engendering the cosmos)

##### Usage notes

* In the case of this specific word, the 리 (ri) pronunciation is common even in South Korea. The reason may be to avoid homophony with other Chinese characters, given the context of East Asian philosophy where single-character Chinese terms are common.

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 理 for Sino-Korean compounds of 이 (理, i).

### Etymology 8

Sino-Korean word from 利, from Middle Chinese 利 (MC lijH, “profit”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [이(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 이(利) (i) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 리(利) (ri) |
이 • (i) (hanja 利)
* (possibly dated) profit, benefit
    Synonyms: 이득(利得), 이익(利益)
** 1996, Kim Jong-pil, “ko:[각계 주요인사 신년사] 김종필 <자민련 총재>”, in Han'guk gyeongje:국민에게 이가 되는 일을 성심으로 챙기는 무실역행의 정치를 해야합니다.Gungmin-ege i-ga doeneun ir-eul seongsim-euro chaenggineun musiryeokhaeng-ui jeongchi-reul hae-yahamnida.We must carry out a politics of striving for practical benefits, earnestly embarking on enterprises which will provide benefit for the people.
* (rare, dated) interest
    Synonyms: 변리(邊利), 이자(利子)

##### Derived terms

* 이롭다 (iropda, “to be beneficial”)
* See the hanja entry at 利 for Sino-Korean compounds of 이 (利, i).

### Etymology 9

Borrowed from English e.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 이의 / 이에 / 이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

이 • (i)
* The name of the Latin-script letter E/e.
    (mathematics) In particular, the Korean reading of the number that is the base of natural logarithms (approximately 2.718281828459), written e.

##### Coordinate terms

* Latin script letter names: 에이 (ei) · 비 (bi) · 씨 (ssi) · 디 (di) · 이 (i) · 에프 (epeu) · 쥐 (jwi) · 에이치 (eichi) · 아이 (ai) · 제이 (jei) · 케이 (kei) · 엘 (el) · 엠 (em) · 엔 (en) · 오 (o) · 피 (pi) · 큐 (kyu) · 알 (al) · 에스 (eseu) · 티 (ti) · 유 (yu) · 브이 (beu'i) · 더블유 (deobeuryu) · 엑스 (ekseu) · 와이 (wai) · 제드 (jedeu)/지 (ji)

### Etymology 10

Sino-Korean word from 釐

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [i]
* Phonetic hangul: [이]

#### Numeral

이 • (i) (hanja 釐)
* (rare, archaic) one-hundredth, 10$^{−2}$

### Etymology 11
#### Proper noun

이 • (I) (hanja 伊)
* Alternative form of 伊 (I, “Italy (in news headlines)”)

### Etymology 12

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

이 • (i)
* 二: two
    (eumhun reading: 두 이 (du i)) (MC reading: 二 (MC nyijH))
* 以: by means of; thereby
    (eumhun reading: 써 이 (sseo i)) (MC reading: 以 (MC yiX))
* 已: already
    (eumhun reading: 이미 이 (imi i)) (MC reading: 已 (MC yiX|yiH))
* 耳: ear
    (eumhun reading: 귀 이 (gwi i)) (MC reading: 耳 (MC nyiX))
* 而: particle used in literary Chinese
    (eumhun reading: 말이을 이 (marieul i)) (MC reading: 而 (MC nyi))
* 異: different
    (eumhun reading: 다를 이 (dareul i)) (MC reading: 異 (MC yiH))
* 移: move; transfer
    (eumhun reading: 옮길 이 (omgil i)) (MC reading: 移 (MC ye))
* 夷: barbarian
    (eumhun reading: 오랑캐 이 (orangkae i)) (MC reading: 夷 (MC yij))
* 珥: earring
    (eumhun reading: 귀고리 이 (gwigori i)) (MC reading: 珥 (MC nyiH))
* 伊: that
    (eumhun reading: 저 이 (jeo i)) (MC reading: 伊 (MC 'jij))
* 易: easy
    (eumhun reading: 쉬울 이 (swiul i)) (MC reading: 易 (MC yeH|yek))
* 弛: delay
    (eumhun reading: 늦출 이 (neutchul i)) (MC reading: 弛 (MC syeX))
* 怡: to be glad; happy
    (eumhun reading: 기쁠 이 (gippeul i)) (MC reading: 怡 (MC yi))
* 爾: you
    (eumhun reading: 너 이 (neo i)) (MC reading: 爾 (MC nyeX))
* 彝: honorable
    (eumhun reading: 떳떳할 이 (tteottteothal i)) (MC reading: 彝)
* 姨: aunt
    (eumhun reading: 이모 이 (imo i)) (MC reading: 姨 (MC yij))
* 痍: injury; wound
    (eumhun reading: 상처 이 (sangcheo i)) (MC reading: 痍 (MC yij))
* 肄: learn
    (eumhun reading: 익힐 이 (ikhil i)) (MC reading: 肄 (MC yijH))
* 苡: plantain
    (eumhun reading: 질경이 이 (jilgyeong'i i)) (MC reading: 苡 (MC yiX))
* 荑: to cut
    (eumhun reading: 베일 이 (beil i)) (MC reading: 荑 (MC yij|dej))
* 貽: cause
    (eumhun reading: 끼칠 이 (kkichil i)) (MC reading: 貽 (MC yi))
* 邇: close; near
    (eumhun reading: 가까울 이 (gakkaul i)) (MC reading: 邇 (MC nyeX))
* 飴: Yeot, Korean taffy
    (eumhun reading: 엿 이 (yeot i)) (MC reading: 飴 (MC yi))
* 貳: two
    (eumhun reading: 두 이 (du i)) (MC reading: 貳 (MC nyijH))
* 媐: happy
    (eumhun reading: 기쁠 이 (gippeul i)) (MC reading: 媐 (MC yi|xi))
* 杝: linden tree
    (eumhun reading: 피나무 이 (pinamu i)) (MC reading: 杝 (MC ye|drjeX))
* 䏪: toughmeat
    (eumhun reading: 힘줄이질길 이 (himjurijilgil i)) (MC reading: 䏪 (MC nyiH))
* 㛅: woman's courtesy name
    (eumhun reading: 여자의자 이 (yeojauija i)) (MC reading: 㛅 (MC nyiH))
* 珆: preciousstone
    (eumhun reading: 옥돌 이 (okdol i)) (MC reading: 珆 (MC yij))
* 鴯: swallow
    (eumhun reading: 제비 이 (jebi i)) (MC reading: 鴯 (MC nyi))
* 羡: place name
    (eumhun reading: 고을 이름 이 (go'eul ireum i)) (MC reading: 羡 (MC zjenH|yenH))
* 佴: second place
    (eumhun reading: 버금 이 (beogeum i)) (MC reading: 佴 (MC nyiH|nojH))
* 廙: respect
    (eumhun reading: 공경할 이 (gonggyeonghal i)) (MC reading: 廙 (MC yiH|yik))
* 咿: a forced laugh
    (eumhun reading: 선웃음 칠 이 (seonuseum chil i)) (MC reading: 咿 (MC 'jij))
* 尔: Alternative form of 爾
    (eumhun reading: 너 이 (neo i)) (MC reading: 尔)
* 栮: black mushroom
    (eumhun reading: 목이버섯 이 (mogibeoseot i)) (MC reading: 栮)
* 洟: runnynose
    (eumhun reading: 콧물 이 (konmul i)) (MC reading: 洟 (MC yij|thejH))
* 訑: swagger
    (eumhun reading: 으쓱거릴 이 (eusseukgeoril i)) (MC reading: 訑)
* 迤: askew
    (eumhun reading: 비스듬할 이 (biseudeumhal i)) (MC reading: 迤)
* 隶: reach
    (eumhun reading: 미칠 이 (michil i)) (MC reading: 隶 (MC yijH))
* 彛: Alternative form of 彝
    (MC reading: 彛)
* 餌: bait
    (eumhun reading: 미끼 이 (mikki i)) (MC reading: 餌 (MC nyiH))

### Etymology 13

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound. As the non-initial element of a compound, they are read as 리 (ri).
After a language reform in North Korea in the mid-twentieth century intended to make Sino-Korean readings uniform, they are always read as 리 (ri) in all environments.

#### Syllable

이 • (i)
* (South Korea) 里: town
    (eumhun reading: 마을 이 (ma'eul i)) (MC reading: 里 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 理: rule
    (eumhun reading: 다스릴 이 (daseuril i)) (MC reading: 理 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 利: benefit
    (eumhun reading: 이로울 이 (iroul i)) (MC reading: 利 (MC lijH))
* (South Korea) 梨: pear tree
    (eumhun reading: 배나무 이 (baenamu i)) (MC reading: 梨 (MC lij))
* (South Korea) 李: plum tree
    (eumhun reading: 오얏나무 이 (oyannamu i)) (MC reading: 李 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 吏: petty official
    (eumhun reading: 아전 이 (ajeon i)) (MC reading: 吏 (MC liH))
* (South Korea) 離: leave
    (eumhun reading: 떠날 이 (tteonal i)) (MC reading: 離 (MC lje|ljeH|lejH))
* (South Korea) 裏: inside
    (eumhun reading: 속 이 (sok i)) (MC reading: 裏 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 履: trample, step on
    (eumhun reading: 밟을 이 (balbeul i)) (MC reading: 履 (MC lijX))
* (South Korea) 俚: vulgar
    (eumhun reading: 속될 이 (sokdoel i)) (MC reading: 俚 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 莉: jasmine
    (eumhun reading: 말리 이 (malli i)) (MC reading: 莉 (MC drij|dri|lej))
* (South Korea) 璃: glass
    (eumhun reading: 유리 이 (yuri i)) (MC reading: 璃 (MC lje))
* (South Korea) 俐: clever
    (eumhun reading: 똑똑할 이 (ttokttokhal i)) (MC reading: 俐)
* (South Korea) 唎: thin voice
    (eumhun reading: 가는 소리 이 (ganeun sori i)) (MC reading: 唎)
* (South Korea) 浬: nautical mile
    (eumhun reading: 해리 이 (haeri i)) (MC reading: 浬)
* (South Korea) 狸: wild cat
    (eumhun reading: 삵 이 (sak i)) (MC reading: 狸 (MC li))
* (South Korea) 痢: diarrhea
    (eumhun reading: 설사 이 (seolsa i)) (MC reading: 痢 (MC lijH))
* (South Korea) 籬: fence
    (eumhun reading: 울타리 이 (ultari i)) (MC reading: 籬 (MC lje))
* (South Korea) 罹: fall ill, get sick
    (eumhun reading: 걸릴 이 (geollil i)) (MC reading: 罹 (MC lje))
* (South Korea) 羸: ashen
    (eumhun reading: 파리할 이 (parihal i)) (MC reading: 羸 (MC ljwe))
* (South Korea) 釐: ruling
    (eumhun reading: 다스릴 이 (daseuril i)) (MC reading: 釐 (MC li))
* (South Korea) 鯉: carp
    (eumhun reading: 잉어 이 (ing'eo i)) (MC reading: 鯉 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 涖: reach
    (eumhun reading: 다다를 이 (dadareul i)) (MC reading: 涖 (MC lijH|lejH))
* (South Korea) 𢻠: upright
    (eumhun reading: 바르다 이 (bareuda i)) (MC reading: 𢻠)
* (South Korea) 犂: plow
    (eumhun reading: 밭 갈 이 (bat gal i)) (MC reading: 犂 (MC lij))
* (South Korea) 摛: spread
    (eumhun reading: 퍼질 이 (peojil i)) (MC reading: 摛 (MC trhje))
* (South Korea) 剺: peel
    (eumhun reading: 벗길 이 (beotgil i)) (MC reading: 剺 (MC li))
* (South Korea) 哩: a particle
    (eumhun reading: 어조사 이 (eojosa i)) (MC reading: 哩)
* (South Korea) 嫠: widow
    (eumhun reading: 과부 이 (gwabu i)) (MC reading: 嫠 (MC li))
* (South Korea) 莅: reach
    (eumhun reading: 다다를 이 (dadareul i)) (MC reading: 莅 (MC lijH))
* (South Korea) 蜊: clam
    (eumhun reading: 참조개 이 (chamjogae i)) (MC reading: 蜊 (MC lij))
* (South Korea) 螭: hornless dragon
    (eumhun reading: 교룡 이 (gyoryong i)) (MC reading: 螭 (MC trhje))
* (South Korea) 貍: lynx
    (eumhun reading: 삵 이 (sak i)) (MC reading: 貍 (MC li))
* (South Korea) 邐: connect
    (eumhun reading: 이어질 이 (ieojil i)) (MC reading: 邐 (MC ljeX))
* (South Korea) 魑: goblin
    (eumhun reading: 도깨비 이 (dokkaebi i)) (MC reading: 魑 (MC trhje))
* (South Korea) 黐: flypaper
    (eumhun reading: 끈끈이 이 (kkeunkkeuni i)) (MC reading: 黐 (MC lje|trhje))
* (South Korea) 漓: to permeate
    (eumhun reading: 스며들 이 (seumyeodeul i)) (MC reading: 漓 (MC lje))
* (South Korea) 裡: Alternative form of 裏
    (MC reading: 裡 (MC liX))
* (South Korea) 离: Alternative form of 離
    (MC reading: 离 (MC lje|trhje))
* (South Korea) 悧: Alternative form of 俐
    (MC reading: 悧)
* (South Korea) 厘: Alternative form of 釐
    (MC reading: 厘)
* (South Korea) 犁: Alternative form of 犂
    (MC reading: 犁 (MC lej))

### Etymology 14

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound. As the non-initial element of a compound, they are read as 니 (ni).
After a language reform in North Korea in the mid-twentieth century intended to make Sino-Korean readings uniform, they are always read as 니 (ni)in all environments.

#### Syllable

이 • (i)
* (South Korea) 泥: mud
    (eumhun reading: 진흙 이 (jinheuk i)) (MC reading: 泥 (MC nej|nejH))
* (South Korea) 尼: Buddhist nun
    (eumhun reading: 여승 이 (yeoseung i)) (MC reading: 尼 (MC nrij))
* (South Korea) 柅: overgrown
    (eumhun reading: 무성한 이 (museonghan i)) (MC reading: 柅 (MC nrij|nrijX))
* (South Korea) 濔: abundant
    (eumhun reading: 많을 이 (maneul i)) (MC reading: 濔 (MC mjieX))
* (South Korea) 膩: greasy
    (eumhun reading: 기름질 이 (gireumjil i)) (MC reading: 膩 (MC nrijH))
* (South Korea) 馜: strong fragrance
    (eumhun reading: 진한 향기 이 (jinhan hyanggi i)) (MC reading: 馜)
* (South Korea) 㦐: feel good
    (eumhun reading: 마음이 좋을 이 (ma'eum-i jo'eul i)) (MC reading: 㦐)
* (South Korea) 呢: whisper
    (eumhun reading: 소곤거릴 이 (sogon'georil i)) (MC reading: 呢 (MC nrij))
* (South Korea) 怩: ashamed
    (eumhun reading: 부끄러워할 이 (bukkeureowohal i)) (MC reading: 怩 (MC nrij))
* (South Korea) 祢: shrine for a deceased father
    (eumhun reading: 아버지 사당 이 (abeoji sadang i)) (MC reading: 祢)

### References

* ↑ “'김·이·박·최'의 영어표기를 외국인이 읽는다면? [gim·i·bak·choe ui yeong'eopyogireul oegugini ingneundamyeon?, If a foreigner were to read the romanizations of "Kim", "Lee", "Park", and "Choi"?]”, in Yonhap News Agency‎, 2017