# چفتلك
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From چفت (çift, “pair, team; yoke”) +‎ ـلك (-lik).

### Noun

چفتلك • (çiftlik) (definite accusative چفتلكی (çiftliği), plural چفتلكلر (çiftlikler) or چفتلكات (çiftlikât))
* the quality of being a pair, team, or yoke, the quality of a fellow in a pair
* journey, the amount of land a single plow of oxen can plow in one day
* farm, ranch, grange, any estate where agricultural activities take place
* (historical) kind of agricultural estate treated more landlord-like than a تیمار (timar) and cultivated by de facto serfs [from the 16th century, peak in the 18th]

#### Derived terms

* چفتلك كتخداسی (çiftlik kethüdası, “farmer”)
* چفتلكات همایون (çiftlikât-ı hümayun, “the imperial agricultural estates”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çiftlik
* → Albanian: çiflig
* → Arabic: جِفْتْلِك (jiftlik), جِفْلِك (jiflik), شِفْتْلِك (šiftlik), شِفْلِك (šiflik)
* → Armenian: չիֆլիկ (čʻiflik), չիֆթլիկ (čʻiftʻlik)
* → Bulgarian: чифли́к (čiflík)
* → Greek: τσιφλίκι (tsiflíki)
* → Hungarian: csiflik
* → Macedonian: чифлиг (čiflig), чифлик (čiflik)
* → Romanian: ciftlâc
* → Russian: чифтлик (čiftlik)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: чѝтлук, чѝфлук, чѝвлук, чѝфтлук
    Latin script: čìtluk, čìfluk, čìvluk, čìftluk
** → Hungarian: csivlik

### Proper noun

چفتلك • (çiftlik)
* Çiftlik (a town and district in Niğde province, Turkey)
    Synonym: ملندوز (melendiz, melendüz) (historical)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Çiftlik

### References

* ↑ Kakuk, Suzanne (1973) Recherches sur l’histoire de la langue osmanlie des XVIe et XVIIe siècles. Les éléments osmanlis de la langue hongroise (Near and Middle East Monographs; 17) (in French), The Hague and Paris: Mouton, page 540

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “چفتلك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 588
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çiftlik”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 988
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “چفتلك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 184a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چفتلك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 471
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Prædium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1337
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چفتلك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1625
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çiftlik”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Çiftlik”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چفتلك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 723
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Çiftlik”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 186
* Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “چفتلك”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 358