# toro
## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 灯籠.

#### Noun

toro (plural toros or toro)
* A traditional Japanese lantern.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Maori.

#### Noun

toro
* Rapanea salicina, a species of shrub or small tree native to New Zealand.

### Anagrams

* Root, Toor, root, roto, roto-, troo

## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish toro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoɾo/ [ˈto.ɾo]
* Hyphenation: to‧ro

### Noun

tóro (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜍᜓ)
* bull
    Synonym: mangsad

#### Related terms

* torero
* toril

#### See also

* baka

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan toro, from Latin taurus. Directly inherited from Latin, despite the final vowel. Cognate with Occitan taur. Old Catalan also had a form taur, which was borrowed from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈtɔ.ɾu]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtɔ.ɾo]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* bull
* bittern
* (colloquial) forklift

#### Derived terms

* torejar
* toro mecànic

### References

* ↑ “toro” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* ↑ “taur” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

### Further reading

* “toro” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “toro”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “toro” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish toro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoɾo/, [ˈt̪o.ɾo]
* IPA: /ˈtoɾu/, [ˈt̪o.ɾu] (Ternateño)
* Hyphenation: to‧ro

### Noun

toro
* bull

## Esperanto
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin torus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtoro]
* Rhymes: -oro
* Hyphenation: to‧ro

### Noun

toro (accusative singular toron, plural toroj, accusative plural torojn)
* torus

## Galician
### Etymology 1

13th century. Inherited from Latin torus, cognate with Spanish tuero. In the second meaning it is rather a learned borrowing from Latin from the same etymon.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoɾo̝/

#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* tree trunk
    Synonym: tora
** 1277, Francisco Javier Pérez Rodríguez, editor, Os documentos do tombo de Toxos Outos, Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 112:todos estes disserun que a herdade dessa hermida de San Martino de Rates que era departida da outra herdade regaenga pela cerdeyra do outeyro que esta cabo do camino, et dessi como uay et enfia ao toro do castineiro de cyma que chaman da senrra do regaengoall of them said that the property of the hermitage of Saint Martin of Rates departed from the other royal property by the cherry tree of the hill, which is by the path, and from there in direction to the trunk of the chestnut tree above where they call the Senra do Reguengo
* tree round section
    Synonym: torada
* round slice of fish
    Synonym: roda

##### Derived terms

* tora
* torada
* torar

#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* (architecture, geometry) torus

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “toro”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “toro” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “toro”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “toro (xeral)”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “toro”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “tuero”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

toro
* first-person singular present indicative of torar

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish toro.

### Noun

tóro
* bull, ox

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from English torus, French tore, German Torus, Italian toro, Russian торус (torus), ultimately from Latin torus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoro/

### Noun

toro (plural tori)
* (geometry, architecture) torus

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔ.ro/
* Rhymes: -ɔro
* Hyphenation: tò‧ro

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Classical Latin taurus, from Proto-Italic *tauros, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros. Doublet of tauro, which is a learned borrowing.

#### Noun

toro m (plural tori)
* bull (uncastrated adult male bovine)
    Hypernym: bovino
** 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XII”, in Inferno [Hell]‎, lines 22–24; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:Qual è quel toro che si slaccia in quella / c’ ha ricevuto già ’l colpo mortale, / che gir non sa, ma qua e là saltella […]Just like a bull who breaks free, after having already received the fatal blow, cannot escape, and just jumps around […]
** 1475, Angelo Poliziano, “Libro I”, in Stanze de messer Angelo Poliziano cominciate per la giostra del magnifico Giuliano di Pietro de Medici‎, Turin, section 66, lines 3–4; collected in Poemetti italiani, volume 1, publ. Michel Angelo Morano, 1797, page 63:[…] il pastor, a cui il fier lupo ha tolto / Il più bel toro del cornuto armento […] the shepherd, from whom the fierce wolf has taken the best bull of the horned herd
* (figurative) bull (large, strong man; also, a virile man)
* (astronomy) Alternative letter-case form of Toro: Taurus (constellation of the Zodiac)
* (astrology) Alternative letter-case form of Toro: Taurus (Zodiac sign)

##### Derived terms

* prendere il toro per le corna
* rana toro
* tagliare la testa al toro
* torello
* toro marino
* toro meccanico

##### Related terms

* taurino
* toreare
* torero

##### See also

* bue
* vacca
* vitello

### Etymology 2

Semantic loan from English bull.

#### Noun

toro m (plural tori)
* (finance, uncommon) bull (investor who buys in anticipation of a rise in prices)
    Synonym: rialzista
    Antonyms: orso, ribassista
    Hypernym: investitore

### Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Classical Latin torus.

#### Noun

toro m (plural tori)
* (architecture) torus
    Hypernym: modanatura
    Holonym: colonna
* (mathematics, geometry) torus
    Hypernyms: superficie, solido
* (botany) torus, receptacle
    Synonym: ricettacolo
    Holonym: peduncolo
* (botany) torus (thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit)
    Holonym: xilema
* (literary, law, obsolete) marriage bed
    Synonym: talamo
** (loosely, rare) bed
    Synonym: letto
** (figurative, rare) bed of torment
* (law, obsolete) right to marital fidelity

##### Derived terms

* toroide

##### Related terms

* toroidale
* toroso

##### See also

* astragalo
* bastone
* cordone
* tondino

### Etymology 4

Back-formation from torio (“thorium”)

#### Noun

toro m (plural tori)
* (physics, uncountable) thoron (Radon-220, an isotope of radon)

### References

* toro$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* toro$^2$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* toro$^3$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* “toro”, in Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, volume 21 toi–z, UTET, 2002, page 62

### Anagrams

* orto, orto-, roto, rotò

## Japanese
### Romanization

toro
* Rōmaji transcription of とろ

## Karitiâna
### Noun

toro
* otter

## Kikuyu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔ̀ɾɔ̌ꜜ/
    As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 6 with a disyllabic stem, together with mũgwacĩ, nyamũ, and so on.
* (Kiambu)
   * (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including baba, guka, gũtũ, mũguĩ, mũtwe, nyamũ, ruo, rũhĩ (pl. hĩ), rũkũ (pl. ngũ), taata (“my aunt”), ũta (pl. mota), ũthiũ (pl. mothiũ), and so on.

### Noun

toro class 14 (plural matoro)
* sleep

### References

* ↑ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
* ↑ “toro” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 461. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

## Latin
### Noun

torō
* dative/ablative singular of torus

### References

* "toro", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Malagasy
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuzuq.

### Verb

toro
* to show
* to point out, indicate

#### Related terms

| | Focus (Voice) |
| Agent (Active) | man-form: manoro |
| Agent (Active) | mi-form: -- |
| Agent (Active) | om-form: -- |
| Patient (Passive) | toroana |
| Patient (Passive) | alternate: -- |
| Patient (Passive) | a-form: atoro |
| Patient (Passive) | voa-form: voatoro |
| Patient (Passive) | tafa-form: -- |
| Goal (Relative) | an-form: anoroana |
| Goal (Relative) | i-form: -- |

## Mansaka
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu.

### Numeral

toro
* three

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Latin torus.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔ.ɾu/
* Hyphenation: to‧ro

#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* tree ring
* torus (three dimensional shape)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

toro
* first-person singular present indicative of torar

## San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish toro, from Latin taurus, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.

### Noun

toro (plural ndoro)
* bull

### References

* Stewart, Cloyd, Stewart, Ruth D., colaboradores amuzgos (2000) Diccionario amuzgo de San Pedro Amuzgos, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 44)‎ (in Spanish), Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., →ISBN

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoɾo/ [ˈt̪o.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -oɾo
* Syllabification: to‧ro

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin taurus (compare Italian toro, Portuguese touro, Romanian taur), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros. Doublet of Tauro.

#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* bull

##### Derived terms

* a toro pasado
* coger el toro por los cuernos; tomar el toro por los cuernos
* corrida de toros
* echar la capa al toro
* en los cuernos del toro
* hasta el rabo, todo es toro
* hierba del toro
* pillar el toro
* plaza de toros
* rana toro
* torear (verb)
* torero m
* toro bravo
* toro de fuego
* toro de lidia
* toro de muerte
* toro de puntas
* toro de ronda
* toro del aguardiente
* toro embolado
* toro mecánico

##### Related terms

* taurino

##### Descendants

* → Navajo: dóola
* → Northern Tepehuan: tuúru
* → San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo: toro
* → Southeastern Tepehuan: tuur
* → Taos: tùluʼúna
* → Tetelcingo Nahuatl: turo

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin torus (“swelling, bulge, cushion”). Doublet of the inherited tuero.

#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* (geometry, architecture) torus

##### See also

* Toro (geometría) on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{es}$
* Toro (arquitectura) on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{es}$

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

toro m (plural toros)
* (colloquial) forklift, lift truck, jitney, fork truck (a small industrial vehicle with a power-operated fork-like pronged platform that can be raised and lowered for insertion under a load, often on pallets, to be lifted and moved)
    Synonyms: carretilla, carretilla elevadora, grúa horquilla, montacargas

### Further reading

* “toro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* orto, otro, roto

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish toro, from Latin taurus. Doublet of Tawro.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈtoɾo/ [ˈt̪oː.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -oɾo
* Syllabification: to‧ro

### Noun

toro (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜇᜓ)
* bull
* (slang, dated) stud; hunk; macho man
* (slang, dated) penis
    Synonyms: uten, titi
* (slang, dated) live sex show; pay-per-view sex

#### Derived terms

* toro't kara
* toro-toro
* torohan

#### Related terms

* huwego de-toro
* korida de toros
* Tawro
* toreador
* torero
* torete

#### See also

* baka
* pagtatalik

### Further reading

* “toro”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Zorc, R. David, San Miguel, Rachel (1993) Tagalog Slang Dictionary, Manila: De La Salle University Press, →ISBN, page 145

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt̪o.r̪o/

### Verb

toro
* (intransitive) to sit

#### Conjugation
### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yoruba
### Etymology

From tò (“to arrange; to align”) +‎ rò

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tò.ɾò/

### Verb

tòrò
* to be settled, to be at peace
    Synonym: rójú