# 溢

| 溢 | U+6EA2, &#28322; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EA2 |
| ← 溡 [U+6EA1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 溣 → [U+6EA3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

溢 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金廿 (ETCT), four-corner 3811$_7$, composition ⿰氵益)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17951
* Dae Jaweon: page 1047, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1707, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6EA2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 隘 | *qreːɡs |
| 賹 | *qreːɡs |
| 搤 | *qreːɡs, *qreːɡ |
| 縊 | *qleːɡs, *qleɡs |
| 螠 | *qleɡs |
| 謚 | *ɢliɡs, *qleɡ |
| 諡 | *ɢliɡs |
| 蠲 | *kʷliːŋ |
| 溢 | *liɡ |
| 鎰 | *liɡ |
| 齸 | *lig, *qleg |
| 貖 | *qreːɡ |
| 益 | *qleɡ |
| 嗌 | *qleɡ |
| 膉 | *qleɡ |
| 鷁 | *ŋɡleːɡ |
| 艗 | *ŋɡleːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *liɡ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 益 (OC *qleɡ, “to increase”) – overflowing liquid.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jat$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ioh / ia̍k / ek / iak / i̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êg$^8$ / êg$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jat$^6$
*** Yale: yaht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐt̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ioh
*** Tâi-lô: ioh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ioiq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ioʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ioʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
*** Tâi-lô: ik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: eg
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
*** Tâi-lô: iak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i̍t
*** Tâi-lô: i̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: it
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /it̚²⁴/
* ioh - vernacular (“to rock; to lightly sway; to be shaken”);
* ia̍k - vernacular (“to surge”);
* ek - literary (“to overflow; to surge; to vomit”);
* iak/i̍t - literary.
* Middle Chinese: yit
Rime :
| Character | 溢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 夷質切 |
| Baxter | yit |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jat$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-q(r)ik/
    (Zhengzhang): /*liɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 溢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yit › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-q(r)ik/ |
| English | overflow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 溢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15076 |
| Phonetic component | 益 |
| Rime group | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 逸 |
| Old Chinese | /*liɡ/ |

### Definitions

溢
* to overflow; to brim over
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to flood
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be full of; to be brimming with
* excessive; excessively
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to exceed
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) vigorous
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) An ancient unit of capacity.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 鎰 / 镒 (yì, “An ancient unit of weight.”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 佾 (yì, “row of dancers”)
* (Hokkien) to surge; to gush; to rise
       Tōa éng ek kè-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The big wave surged over.
       Kui tīn lâng ek tùi góa chiâ lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The entire group of people surged over towards me.
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to vomit due to overeating, sickness, etc.
* (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to rock; to sway; to shake
* (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to lightly sway
* (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to be shaken, shocked, jolted (similar to lakewater)
       I sí ê siau-sit thoân chhut-lâi, kui hiuⁿ-lí chóng ioh khí-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       When the news of his death spread, the entire village was jolted.

#### Synonyms

* (to sway):
* 振
* 搖動 / 摇动 (yáodòng)
* 搖擺 / 摇摆 (yáobǎi)
* 搖晃 / 摇晃
* 搖曳 / 摇曳 (yáoyè)
* 搖蕩 / 摇荡 (yáodàng)
* 搖顯 / 摇显 (Hokkien)
* 摵 (Hokkien)
* 擺動 / 摆动 (bǎidòng)
* 晃動 / 晃动 (huàngdòng)
* 舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng)
* 蕩 / 荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 閃 / 闪 (shǎn)

### Compounds

* 充溢 (chōngyì)
* 名溢縹囊 / 名溢缥囊
* 天才橫溢 / 天才横溢
* 情溢於表 / 情溢于表
* 掩惡溢美 / 掩恶溢美
* 排洪溢道
* 橫溢 / 横溢 (héngyì)
* 泛溢 (fànyì)
* 流溢
* 洋溢 (yángyì)
* 海不波溢
* 湓溢
* 溢價 / 溢价 (yìjià)
* 溢惡 / 溢恶
* 溢收
* 溢於言表 / 溢于言表 (yìyúyánbiǎo)
* 溢水 (Yìshuǐ)
* 溢波
* 溢油 (yìyóu)
* 溢泌
* 溢流
* 溢洪道
* 溢滿 / 溢满
* 溢目
* 溢美 (yìměi)
* 溢血 (yìxuè)
* 溢譽 / 溢誉 (yìyù)
* 溢額 / 溢额
* 漫溢 (mànyì)
* 滿溢 / 满溢 (mǎnyì)
* 滿而不溢 / 满而不溢
* 盈溢
* 腦溢血 / 脑溢血 (nǎoyìxuè)
* 衍溢
* 車馬駢溢 / 车马骈溢 (chēmǎpiányì)
* 醜聲四溢 / 丑声四溢
* 闐溢 / 阗溢
* 飄溢 / 飘溢
* 香氣四溢 / 香气四溢

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| 溢󠄃 溢+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| Kyūjitai | 溢 |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* to overflow

#### Readings

* Go-on: いち (ichi)
* Kan-on: いつ (itsu)
* Kun: あふれる (afureru, 溢れる)、みちる (michiru, 溢ちる)
* Nanori: みつる (mitsuru)

#### Compounds

* 咲(さ)き溢(こぼ)れる (sakikoboreru)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 溢
* いつ Jinmeiyō
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 溢 (MC yit).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [it͡sɨ]

### Affix

溢(いつ) • (itsu)
* overflow
* excessive

#### Derived terms

* 溢(いっ)血(けつ) (ikketsu, “hemorrhage”)
* 充(じゅう)溢(いつ) (jūitsu)

## Korean
### Hanja

溢 (eum 일 (il))
* flood

#### Compounds

* 해일 (海溢, haeil, “tsunami”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

溢: Hán Việt readings: dật (弋(dặc)質(chất)切(thiết))
溢: Nôm readings: dật, ải
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 1 2 3 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).