# 宜

| 宜 | U+5B9C, &#23452; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B9C |
| ← 宛 [U+5B9B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 宝 → [U+5B9D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

宜 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十月一 (JBM), four-corner 3010$_7$, composition ⿱宀且)

#### Derived characters

* 𰃓

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 284, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7111
* Dae Jaweon: page 561, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 920, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5B9C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 宜 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Oracle bone scriptFile:ACC-j17573.svgj17573File:ACC-j17574.svgj17574j29132j29133j29134j29135j29136j29137j29138j29139j29140j29141j29142j29143j29144j29145j29146j29147j29148j29149j29150j29151j29152j29153j29154j29155j29156j29157j29158j29159j29160j29161j29162j29163j29164j29165j29166j29167j29168j29169j29170j29171j29172j29173j29174j29175j29176j29177j29178j29179j29180Bronze inscriptionsFile:ACC-b11667.svgb11667File:ACC-b11668.svgb11668File:ACC-b11669.svgb11669File:ACC-b11670.svgb11670File:ACC-b11671.svgb11671File:ACC-b11672.svgb11672File:ACC-b11673.svgb11673File:ACC-b11674.svgb11674File:ACC-b11675.svgb11675File:ACC-b11676.svgb11676File:ACC-b11677.svgb11677File:ACC-b11678.svgb11678File:ACC-b11679.svgb11679File:ACC-b11680.svgb11680File:ACC-b11681.svgb11681File:ACC-b11682.svgb11682File:ACC-b11683.svgb11683Small seal scriptFile:ACC-s05257.svgs05257File:ACC-s05258.svgs05258File:ACC-s05259.svgs05259Transcribed ancient scriptsFile:ACC-L30237.svgL30237File:ACC-L30238.svgL30238File:ACC-L30239.svgL30239File:ACC-L30240.svgL30240File:ACC-L30241.svgL30241File:ACC-L30242.svgL30242File:ACC-L30243.svgL30243File:ACC-L30244.svgL30244File:ACC-L30245.svgL30245File:ACC-L30246.svgL30246File:ACC-L01684.svgL01684File:ACC-L01685.svgL01685File:ACC-L01686.svgL01686File:ACC-L01687.svgL01687File:ACC-L01688.svgL01688File:ACC-L01689.svgL01689File:ACC-L01690.svgL01690File:ACC-L01691.svgL01691File:ACC-L01692.svgL01692File:ACC-L01693.svgL01693File:ACC-L01694.svgL01694File:ACC-L01695.svgL01695File:ACC-L01696.svgL01696File:ACC-L01697.svgL01697File:ACC-L01698.svgL01698File:ACC-L01699.svgL01699File:ACC-L01700.svgL01700 |||||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||||
| | Old Chinese |
| 多 | *ʔl'aːl |
| 哆 | *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs |
| 跢 | *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds |
| 痑 | *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn |
| 爹 | *daːʔ, *tjaː |
| 陊 | *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ |
| 橠 | *naːlʔ |
| 袲 | *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 奓 | *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls |
| 栘 | *ɦljeːl, *lal |
| 黟 | *ʔleːl, *ʔlil |
| 趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
| 誃 | *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 簃 | *l'al, *lal |
| 眵 | *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal |
| 恀 | *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ |
| 侈 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 姼 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ |
| 鉹 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 垑 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 袳 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 卶 | *l̥ʰjals, *hljals |
| 宜 | *ŋral |
| 誼 | *ŋrals |
| 竩 | *ŋrals |
| 移 | *lal |
| 迻 | *lal |
| 扅 | *lal |
| 拸 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 熪 | *lal |
| 謻 | *lal |
| 蛥 | *ɢljad |
Originally a pictogram (象形) or ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 且 (“sacrifical altar”) + 多 (“two pieces of meat”) – two pieces of sacrificial meat placed in a sacrifical altar.

### Etymology

Cognate with 儀 (OC *ŋral, “ceremony; appearance”). See there for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yí (yi$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyi$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngi$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngì / nì
    (Hailu, HRS): ngi / ni
* Northern Min (KCR): ngǐ
* Eastern Min (BUC): ngì / ngiè
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngi$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gni
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yí
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yí
*** Wade–Giles: i$^2$
*** Yale: yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nyi$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ni
*** Sinological IPA : /nʲi²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^4$
*** Yale: yìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡi²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì / nì
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngi$^ˇ$ / ni$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngi$^2$ / ni$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/, /ni¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngi / ni
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵⁵/, /ni⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngǐ
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋi²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ngì / ngiè
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋi⁵³/, /ŋie⁵³/
* ngì - literary;
* ngiè - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit宜 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /i³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ni²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ji²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /i²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /i²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ȵi³¹/ /i³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ni²¹/ 老 /i²¹/ 新 |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ni³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /i²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /zz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /i¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /i¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /i³¹/ /i⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵi²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ȵi¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ȵi²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ȵi³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ni⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ȵi⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ȵi¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ȵi¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵi⁴⁵/ ～春市 /i⁰/ 便～ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋi¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ŋi¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ni²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ji²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /gi³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋie⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋi²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋĩ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ŋi³¹/ /zi³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: ngje
Rime :
| Character | 宜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚羈切 |
| Baxter | ngje |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋˠiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋᵚiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋjiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋje/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋǐe/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ(r)aj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋral/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 宜 | 宜 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yí | yí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ngje › | ‹ ngje › |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋ(r)aj/ | /*ŋ(r)aj/ |
| English | sacrifice to the deity of the soil (K) | proper; should |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 宜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2677 |
| Phonetic component | 多 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宜 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋral/ |
| Notes | 說文多省聲，古文從多。甲金文象俎加多， 多本象重肉，亦聲 |

### Definitions

宜
* appropriate; suitable; proper
    From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
    Zhǔ zhī shǎngfá juélù zhī suǒ jiā zhě yí, zé qīnshū yuǎnjìn xián bùxiào, jiē jìn qí lì ér yǐwéi yòng yǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1930, 朱自清 [Zhu Ziqing], “看花”, in 你我, 商務印書館, published 1936, page 53:
       Yuán yě bù dà, dōng qiáng xià yǒu sān jiān jìngshì, zuì yí hēchá kàn huā. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* should; ought to
    宜早不宜遲／宜早不宜迟 ― yí zǎo bùyí chí ― the sooner, the better
    From: 227, Zhuge Liang, 出師表
    Chéng yí kāizhāng shèngtīng, yǐ guāng xiāndì yídé, huīhóng zhìshì zhī qì, bùyí wàng zì fēibó, yǐn yù shī yì, yǐ sài zhōngjiàn zhī lù yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (literary) probably; seemingly
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Guài zāi! Fūzǐ yǒu sānjūn zhī jù, ér yòu yǒu sāngzhōng zhī xǐ, yí jiāng qiè qī yǐ táo zhě yě. [Pinyin]
    How strange! You have the anxiety of all the armies of the State on your mind, and yet you are as bright as if proceeding to an encounter among the mulberry trees. You ought to be stealing a marriage with some lady.
* a surname

### Compounds

* 不便宜
* 不入時宜 / 不入时宜
* 不合時宜 / 不合时宜 (bùhéshíyí)
* 不宜 (bùyí)
* 不達時宜 / 不达时宜
* 事不宜遲 / 事不宜迟 (shìbùyíchí)
* 事宜 (shìyí)
* 人地相宜
* 便宜
* 便宜主義 / 便宜主义 (piányi zhǔyì)
* 便宜從事 / 便宜从事 (biànyícóngshì)
* 便宜施行
* 便宜處分 / 便宜处分
* 便宜處置 / 便宜处置
* 便宜行事 (biànyíxíngshì)
* 便宜話 / 便宜话
* 便宜貨 / 便宜货 (piányihuò)
* 冤家宜解不宜結 / 冤家宜解不宜结 (yuānjiā yí jiě bùyí jié)
* 北宜公路
* 占便宜
* 占盡便宜
* 合宜 (héyí)
* 各得其宜
* 合時宜 / 合时宜 (héshíyí)
* 咸宜 (xiányí)
* 因事制宜
* 因地制宜 (yīndìzhìyí)
* 因時制宜 / 因时制宜 (yīnshízhìyí)
* 固宜
* 土宜 (tǔyí)
* 失宜 (shīyí)
* 宜人 (yírén)
* 宜侯夨簋
* 宜初
* 宜君 (Yíjūn, “Yijun”)
* 宜和 (Yíhé)
* 宜喜宜嗔
* 宜嗔宜喜
* 宜城 (Yíchéng)
* 宜室宜家
* 宜家 (yíjiā)
* 宜昌 (Yíchāng)
* 宜春 (Yíchūn)
* 宜春帖
* 宜母子 (yímǔzǐ)
* 宜然
* 宜男
* 宜禱 / 宜祷 (yídǎo)
* 宜興壺 / 宜兴壶
* 宜興瓷 / 宜兴瓷
* 宜蘭 / 宜兰 (Yílán)
* 宜賓 / 宜宾 (Yíbīn)
* 宜都 (Yídū)
* 宜顰宜笑 / 宜颦宜笑
* 宜黃腔 / 宜黄腔
* 小便宜
* 屋宜
* 左宜右有
* 布宜諾 / 布宜诺
* 廉宜
* 得宜 (déyí)
* 揀便宜 / 拣便宜
* 撿便宜 / 捡便宜
* 擇福宜重 / 择福宜重
* 時宜 / 时宜 (shíyí)
* 機宜 / 机宜 (jīyí)
* 權宜 / 权宜 (quányí)
* 權宜之計 / 权宜之计 (quányízhījì)
* 氣盛言宜 / 气盛言宜
* 沾便宜
* 用舍失宜
* 相宜 (xiāngyí)
* 納宜 / 纳宜
* 老少咸宜 (lǎoshàoxiányí)
* 老幼咸宜
* 落便宜
* 討便宜 / 讨便宜
* 貪便宜 / 贪便宜 (tān piányi)
* 貪小便宜 / 贪小便宜
* 輕重失宜 / 轻重失宜
* 適宜 / 适宜 (shìyí)
* 防範得宜 / 防范得宜
* 隨宜 / 随宜
* 隨時制宜 / 随时制宜
* 靜宜園 / 静宜园
* 靜宜大學 / 静宜大学
* 面授機宜 / 面授机宜
* 食宜 (shíyí)

### References

* “宜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* good; best regards (よい, よろしい)
* naturally (むべ)
* should, ought (よろしく…べし)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
* Kun: よい (yoi, 宜い)、よろしい (yoroshii, 宜しい)、よろしく…べし (yoroshiku…beshi, 宜しく…べし)、むべ (mube, 宜)

### Pronunciation

* Kanji in this term
* 宜
* むべ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 宜
* むべ > うべ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 諾
* IPA: [mɯ̟be̞]
* IPA: [ɯ̟be̞]

### Adverb

宜(むべ) or 宜(うべ) • (mube or ube)
* surely, indeed, truly, naturally, certainly

### References

* ↑ “宜”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɰi]
* Phonetic hangul: [의]

### Hanja

Wikisource 宜 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune–Reischauer ŭi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

宜: Hán Nôm readings: nghi, ngơi, nghe
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.