# 竺

| 竺 | U+7AFA, &#31482; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AFA |
| ← 竹 [U+7AF9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 竻 → [U+7AFB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

竺 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹一一 (HMM), four-corner 8810$_1$, composition ⿱𥫗二)

#### Derived characters

* 𬵚

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 877, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25842
* Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2947, character 2
* Unihan data for U+7AFA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 竺
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 竺 | *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ |
| 篤 | *tuːɡ |
| 竹 | *tuɡ |
| 筑 | *tuɡ, *duɡ |
| 築 | *tuɡ |
| 茿 | *tuɡ |
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ): phonetic 𥫗 (OC *tuɡ) + semantic 二 ― thick.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǔ (du$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): duk$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǔ
*** Wade–Giles: tu$^3$
*** Yale: dǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duu
*** Palladius: ду (du)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: duk$^1$
*** Yale: dūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: duk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʊk̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tuwk, towk
Rime :
| Character | 竺 | 竺 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) | 沃 (6) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 丁木切 | 冬毒切 |
| Baxter | tuwk | towk |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tuk̚/ | /tuok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tuk̚/ | /tuok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tuk̚/ | /tok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /təwk̚/ | /tawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /tuk̚/ | /tok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /tuk̚/ | /tuok̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tuk̚/ | /tuok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | du | du |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | duk$^1$ | duk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tuːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 竺 | 竺 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 |
| No. | 17585 | 17586 |
| Phonetic component | 竹 | 竹 |
| Rime group | 屋 | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𣫔 | 篤 |
| Old Chinese | /*tuːɡ/ | /*tuːɡ/ |
| Notes | | 後作篤 |

#### Definitions

竺
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 篤／笃 (dǔ, “thick; sincere; serious”).
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 毒 (“to loathe; to detest”)
* (historical) An ancient placename.

#### Compounds

* 敦竺
* 竺信
* 竺寒
* 竺物
* 竺生
* 竺胙

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhú (zhu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chuk
    (Hailu, HRS): zhug
* Eastern Min (BUC): dé̤ṳk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): doeh$^6$ / dyeh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tiok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dêg$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$tsoq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhú
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^2$
*** Yale: jú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zuk$^1$
*** Yale: jūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: zug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhug
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃuk⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
*** Sinological IPA : /tøyʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: doeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tœʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dyeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tyøʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiok
*** Tâi-lô: tiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tek
*** Sinological IPA : /tek̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$tsoq
*** MiniDict: tsoh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$tsoq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: trjuwk
Rime :
| Character | 竺 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 張六切 |
| Baxter | trjuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶiuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈuwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶiuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭuk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zuk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 竺 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 17589 |
| Phonetic component | 竹 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 竹 |
| Old Chinese | /*tuɡ/ |
| Notes | 天竺譯hinduka |

#### Definitions

竺
* (obsolete) bamboo
* Short for 天竺 (Tiānzhú, “India”).
* (by extension) relating to India or Buddhism; Buddhist
* Name of a mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province.
* (historical, music) Name of an ancient musical instrument.
* a surname, commonly adopted by early Buddhist monks.
    竺可楨／竺可桢 ― Zhú Kězhēn ― Chu Coching (Chinese meteorologist and geologist）

#### Compounds

* 上下竺
* 三竺
* 东西竺
* 乾竺 / 干竺
* 天竺 (Tiānzhú)
* 天竺書 / 天竺书
* 天竺葵
* 天竺鼠 (tiānzhúshǔ)
* 竺乾 / 竺干 (Zhúqián)
* 竺乾學 / 竺干学
* 竺僧
* 竺典
* 竺國 / 竺国
* 竺國經 / 竺国经
* 竺土
* 竺域
* 竺學 / 竺学
* 竺教
* 竺文
* 竺書 / 竺书
* 竺法
* 竺法蘭 / 竺法兰
* 竺法護 / 竺法护 (Zhú Fǎhù)
* 竺經 / 竺经
* 西竺
* 靈竺 / 灵竺

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* bamboo
    Synonym: 竹
* hearty, sincere, warm, thick
    Synonym: 厚
* used in an ancient name of India

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): とく (toku)、ちく (chiku)、じく (jiku)
* Kun: あつい (atsui, 竺い)、たけ (take, 竺)
* Nanori: あつし (atsushi)

#### Compounds

* 天(てん)竺(じく) (tenjiku)
* 竺(じく)学(がく) (jikugaku)

### Proper noun

竺(あつし) • (Atsushi)
* a male given name

## Korean
### Hanja

竺 • (chuk, dok) (hangeul 축, 독, revised chuk, dok, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, tok, Yale chwuk, tok)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

竺: Hán Việt readings: trúc, đốc
竺: Nôm readings: trúc
* chữ Hán form of Trúc (“former short name of India (天竺, Thiên Trúc), a surname”).
* Alternative form of 篤 (“chữ Hán form of đốc (“honest”).”)

#### References

* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Trần (1999).
* 1 2 Nguyễn (1974).
* 1 2 Thiều Chửu (1942).