# تابوت
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* تَابُوه (tābūh) — extinct Anṣār dialect
* تَاوْبُوت (tāwbūt) — extinct Quraysh dialect

### Etymology

From earlier تَوَبُوت (tawabūt) or تَاوْبُوَّة (tāwbuwwa), from Classical Syriac ܬܝܒܘܬܐ (tēḇūṯā) or Ge'ez ታቦት (tabot). Cognate with Hebrew תיבה (tevá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taː.buːt/

### Noun

تَابُوت • (tābūt) m (plural تَوَابِيت (tawābīt))
* box, case, chest, coffer, ark
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 20:39:أَنِ ٱقْذِفِيهِ فِي ٱلتَّابُوتِ فَٱقْذِفِيهِ فِي ٱلْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ ٱلْيَمُّ بِٱلسَّاحِلِʔani qḏifīhi fi t-tābūti fa-qḏifīhi fi l-yammi fa-lyulqihi l-yammu bi-s-sāḥiliCast him into the chest and cast it into the river, and the river will throw it onto the bank.
* coffin, casket, sarcophagus
    مَاذَا وَرَاءَ حِكَايَةِ ٱكْتِشَافِ تَابُوتِ ٱلْمَسِيحِ فِي ٱلْقُدْسِ؟māḏā warāʔa ḥikāyati ktišāfi tābūti l-masīḥi fi l-qudsi?What's behind the story of the discovery of the coffin of Christ in Jerusalem?

#### Synonyms

* نَعْش (naʕš)
* عُلْبَة (ʕulba)
* صُنْدُوق (ṣundūq)

#### Derived terms

* تَابُوت اَلْعَهْد (tābūt al-ʕahd, “Ark of the Covenant”)
* تَابُوت رَفْعِ ٱلْمِيَاهِ (tābūt rafʕi l-miyāhi, “Archimedean screw”)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: tebut
* → Spanish: ataúd
** → Tagalog: ataul
* → Catalan: taüt
* → Occitan: ataüt (Provencal), ataüc
* → Portuguese: ataúde
* → Neapolitan: tauto, tavuto
* → Sicilian: tabbutu
** → Italian: tabbuto (regional)
* → Azerbaijani: tabut / تابوت
* → Bashkir: табут (tabut)
* → Kazakh: табыт (tabyt)
* → Kurdish:
    Central Kurdish: تابوت (tabut)
    Northern Kurdish: tabût
* → Old Armenian: թափուտ (tʻapʻut)
* → Middle Armenian: թաբուտ (tʻabut), թապութ (tʻaputʻ), թաւութ (tʻawutʻ)
* → Ottoman Turkish: تابوت (tâbût)
** Turkish: tabut
** → Albanian: tabut
** → Serbo-Croatian: та̀бут, tàbut
* → Persian: تابوت (tâbut)
** Tajik: тобут (tobut)
*** → Uzbek: tobut
** → Hindustani:
*** Hindi: ताबूत (tābūt)
*** Urdu: تابوت (tābūt)
* → Turkmen: tabyt

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թափուտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 166b
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 153
* Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 88–89
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “تابوت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 321
* Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 570
* Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 49
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “تابوت”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَابُوت (tābūt), from Classical Syriac ܬܝܒܘܬܐ (tēḇūṯā), ultimately from a merger of Egyptian
ḏbꜣt (“sarcophagus, coffin”) and
ṯb (“chest, box”).

### Noun

تابوت • (tabut) (definite accusative تابوتی (tabutu), plural توابیت (tevâbit))
* coffin, casket, burial case, a closed box in which the body of a dead person is placed for burial

#### Derived terms

* تابوت السكینه (tabutüʼl-sekine, “ark of the covenant”)
* تابوت العهد (tabutüʼl-ʼahd, “ark of the covenant”)
* تابوتلاتمق (tabutlatmak, “to make or let be put in a coffin”)
* تابوتلامق (tabutlamak, “to put in a coffin”)
* تابوتلانمق (tabutlanmak, “to be put in a coffin”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: tabut
* → Albanian: tabut
* → Serbo-Croatian: та̀бут, tàbut

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “تابوت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 428
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “tabut”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4524
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “تابوت”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 141b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تابوت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 333
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Feretrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 562
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “تابوت”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1029
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tabut”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “تابوت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 471

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَابُوت (tābūt)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tɑː.ˈβuːt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔː.bút̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɒː.búːt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɔ.bút̪]

### Noun

تابوت • (tâbut)
* coffin
    Synonym: نعش (na'š)
    یا تخت یا تابوتyâ taxt yâ tâbuteither the throne or the coffin(aphorism about the dangers of succession wars)

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “تابوت”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim