OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# vigore
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin vigor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viˈɡo.re/
* Rhymes: -ore
* Hyphenation: vi‧gó‧re

### Noun

vigore m (plural vigori)
* vigour, stamina, strength
* force, impetus
* force, validity, effectiveness

#### Related terms

* invigorire
* rinvigorire
* vigente
* vigenza
* vigere
* vigorare
* vigorosità
* vigoroso

### Further reading

* vigore in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /u̯iˈɡoː.re/, [u̯ɪˈɡoːrɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /viˈɡo.re/, [viˈɡɔːre]

### Noun

vigōre
* ablative singular of vigor

## Portuguese
### Verb

vigore
* inflection of vigorar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# volador
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish volador (“flying”).

### Noun

volador (plural voladors)
* A flying fish of California (Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus californicus).
* A flying gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans).

#### Synonyms

* (Exocoetus californicus): volator

### References

* “volador”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Asturian
### Adjective

volador m sg (feminine singular voladora, neuter singular volador or voladoro, masculine plural voladores, feminine plural voladores)
* flying

## Catalan
### Etymology

From volar +‎ -dor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [bu.ləˈðo]
* IPA: (Balearic) [vo.ləˈðo]
* IPA: (Valencia) [vo.laˈðoɾ]

### Adjective

volador (feminine voladora, masculine plural voladors, feminine plural voladores)
* flying
* flyaway, light
    Synonym: voladís
* (figurative) fleeting

### Noun

volador m (plural voladors)
* Clipping of peix volador (“flying fish”).

### Further reading

* “volador” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “volador”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “volador” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “volador” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bolaˈdoɾ/ [bo.laˈð̞oɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: vo‧la‧dor

### Adjective

volador (feminine voladora, masculine plural voladores, feminine plural voladoras)
* flying
* flighty (flying easily, flying a lot)

#### Derived terms

* bote volador
* calamar volador europeo
* Holandés Volador
* objeto volador no identificado
* pez volador
* platillo volador
* ratón volador
* zorro volador

### Noun

volador m (plural voladores)
* flier (something that flies)
* flying fish
* rocket
* toy windmill
* (Mexico) a dancer in the Danza de los Voladores

#### Related terms

* volar

### Further reading

* “volador”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “volador”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
# Syrie
## French
### Etymology

From Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /si.ʁi/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: scierie

### Proper noun

Syrie f
* Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
    Holonym: Proche-Orient
    Meronym: Cœlé-Syrie

#### Derived terms

* Syrien
* syrien

#### Related terms

* Assyrie
* Cœlé-Syrie
* syriaque

#### Descendants

* → Khmer: ស៊ីរី (siirii)
* → Vietnamese: Xi-ri

#### See also

* Afghanistan
* Arabie saoudite
* Arménie
* Azerbaïdjan
* Bahreïn
* Bangladesh
* Bhoutan
* Birmanie
* Brunei
* Cambodge
* Chine
* Chypre
* Corée du Nord
* Corée du Sud
* Émirats arabes unis
* Géorgie
* Inde
* Indonésie
* Irak
* Iran
* Israël
* Japon
* Jordanie
* Kazakhstan
* Kirghizistan
* Koweït
* Laos
* Liban
* Malaisie
* Maldives
* Mongolie
* Népal
* Oman
* Ouzbékistan
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russie
* Singapour
* Sri Lanka
* Syrie
* Tadjikistan
* Thaïlande
* Timor oriental
* Turkménistan
* Turquie
* Vietnam
* Yémen

## Norman
### Etymology

From Latin Syria, from Ancient Greek Συρία (Suría).

### Proper noun

Syrie f
* Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
# Abillés
## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abiˈʎes/ [a.β̞iˈʎes]
* Rhymes: -es
* Syllabification: A‧bi‧llés

### Proper noun

Abillés m
* Obsolete form of Avilés.

## Old Leonese
### Alternative forms

* Abbilles
* Abiliés (earlier)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aβiˈʎes]

### Proper noun

Abillés
* Avilés (a municipality of Asturias, Spain)

#### Descendants

* Asturian: Abillés
# ougust
## Livonian
### Etymology

Apparently ultimately from Latin. See etymology at English August.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ouɡust/

### Noun

ougust
* August

#### Declension
### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# novembõr
## Livonian
### Etymology

Apparently ultimately from Latin. See etymology at English November.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: no‧vem‧bõr
* IPA: /novembər/

### Noun

novembõr
* November

#### Usage notes

Perhaps by error November is the only month that LEL doesn't list. As can be observed on sites such as livones.net, its name is novembõr, following the same pattern as septembõr, etc. Declension type of the latter (237) is given in this entry.

#### Declension
### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# īe
## Japanese
### Romanization

īe
* Rōmaji transcription of いいえ

## Khiamniungan Naga
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iɛ̯³³/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

īe
* (Patsho) to die

## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *öö.

### Noun

īe
* night
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    ȭdõgspūol īedõ
       beginning of the night (lit. night on the side of evening)
    īezõ
       during the night
    īezõks
       by night

#### Derived terms

* pǟvaīe
# neļļõndpǟva
## Livonian
### Etymology

Apparently from genitive of neļļõz (“fourth”) +‎ pǟva (“day”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /neʎːəndpæːvɑ/

### Noun

neļļõndpǟva
* Thursday

#### Declension
### See also

* days of the week (appendix): ežžõmpǟva · tūoiznapǟva · kuolmõndpǟva · neļļõndpǟva · brēḑig · pūolpǟva · pivāpǟva
# Мирослава
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Мир (Myr) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ -слава (-slava) ultimately from Inherited from Proto-Slavic *Miroslàva, from *mȋrъ (“peace, world”) +‎ *slàva (“glory, fame”). See Миросла́в (Myrosláv) for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [merɔsˈɫaʋɐ]

### Proper noun

Миросла́ва • (Myrosláva) f pers (genitive Миросла́ви, nominative plural Миросла́ви, genitive plural Миросла́в, masculine Миросла́в)
* a female given name, Miroslava

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Мирослава • (Myroslava) m pers (Миросла́в)
* genitive/accusative singular of Миросла́в (Myrosláv)

### References

* “Мирослава”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# ǟma
## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* jemā

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ämmä, cognate with Finnish ämmä, Estonian ämm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /æːmɑ/

### Noun

ǟma
* mother
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    min ǟma
       my mother
    kilā ǟma
       village elder (lit. "village mother")
# Austrij
## Livonian
### Etymology

Likely via Latvian Austrija. Morphologically from austr- +‎ -ij.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑustrij/

### Proper noun

Austrij
* Austria (a country in Central Europe)
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    Austrij – Austria – Austrija
       Austria – Austria – Austria
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    Austrija – Austrij – Austria
       Austria – Austria – Austria
# neitški
## Livonian
### Etymology

From a form of neitst (“maiden, girl”) – neitš +‎ -ki. These words are akin to Finnish neiti miss.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /neit͡ʃki/

### Noun

neitški
* girl, lass
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    neitški – plika, näitsik – meitene, skuķis
       girl – girl – girl, lass

#### Related terms

* pȯiški
* pȯis
* polākõz
# pȯiški
## Livonian
### Etymology

From a form of pȯis (“young man”) – pȯiš +‎ -ki.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɤiʃki/

### Noun

pȯiški
* boy
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    pȯiški – poisike, poisu – puišelis, puisēns
       boy – boy – boy

#### Related terms

* neitški
* pȯis
* polākõz
# pȯis
## Livonian
### Etymology

Compare pūoga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɤis/

### Noun

pȯis
* a young man; a guy
* boy, help, servant

#### Related terms

* nūoŗmīez
* pȯiški
* polākõz
* neitški

#### Descendants

* → Latgalian: puiss
* → Latvian: puisis
# ūdāigast kū
## Livonian
### Etymology

From ūdāigast (“New Year's”) +‎ kū (“month”). LĒL, however, lists tōlakū (“winter's month”) as an alternative for janvār.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uːdɑːiɡɑstkuː/

### Noun

ūdāigast kū
* (poetic) January
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    janvāris – janvār (ūdāigast kū) – January
       January – January (New Year's month) – January

#### Synonyms

* janvār

### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# jōņpǟva kū
## Livonian
### Etymology

From jōņpǟva (“Jāņi”) +‎ kū (“month”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /joːɲpæːvɑkuː/

### Noun

jōņpǟva kū
* (poetic) June
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    jūnijs – jūnij (jõņpǟva [sic] kū) – June
       June – June (Jāņi month) – June

#### Synonyms

* jūnij

### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# sīlma
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *silmä, from Proto-Uralic *śilmä. Cognates include Finnish silmä, Estonian silm and Hungarian szem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /siːlmɑ/

### Noun

sīlma (plural sīlmad)
* (anatomy) eye
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    glōzizt sīlmad
       glassy eyes
    ku midāgõst um sīlmasõ, siz ta groužõb, vaimi põzāg sizālõs
       when something is in the eye, then it irritates, sharp grit inside [the eye]
    kaddõ siļmšti ~ kaddõ sīlmad jedstõ
       disappear from sight (lit. disappear from eyes)
    ma äb või tǟnda sīlma tutkāmõs kandatõ
       I can't stand him for anything / I hate his guts (lit. I can't stand him in the edge of my eyes ~ as soon as he enters my field of vision, it pisses me off)
    ku lǟb maggõm, siz äb või räukõ, ku tuļļizt kīņḑõld kitābõd siļmi, tīebõd sīlman slikțõ
       when [one] goes to sleep [one] cannot cry, because hot tears burn the eyes, they do harm to the eye
    ta vaņtliz min pǟlõ kõzzizt sīlmadõks
       he looked at me with angry eyes
    sīlmast (~ siļmšti) ulzõ laskõ
       let out of sight (lit. let out of eye ~ eyes)
    tämmõn um nǟr sīlmas
       he has a sty in (his) eye
    tämmõn kazīz nǟr silmõ
       he had a sty grow inside of (his) eye
    ma vaņtliz nōvõn siļmiz
       I was looking death in the eyes
    siļmõz vaņțlõ
       to look in the eye
    siļmi pilktõ (~ piltõ)
       to blink eyes
    siļmšt [siļmšti?] sōņi vȭlgidi
       neck deep in debt (lit. up to the eyes in debt)
    sīlmadõn lǟb pōmi pūol pǟlõ
       eyes roll back (lit. the left side goes over the eyes)
    min um jelāmõst tīedõ ja īd sīlmaks vakțõmõst tǟnda
       I have work to do and to look after him with one eye
* (knitting) stitch (a loop of yarn)
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    sukā sīlma
       stitch of a (knit) sock
* mesh (the space between the threads of a (fishing) net)
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    võrgõ sīlma
       net mesh (lit. "an eye of a net")
* (of a needle or some type of a hole in other tools) eye
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    kirrõ sīlma
       the hole of an ax handle (lit. "ax eye")

#### Usage notes

Term has variation in its locative forms. Alternative sg. illative form siļmõz, sg. inessive sīlmasõ, pl. illative siļmiz, see quotations.

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “silm”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
# sēmd̦a
## Livonian
### Etymology

Derived from Proto-Finnic *seemi. Vääri lists sēmd̦a along with salāndõ (“to steal”) and umārz (“apple”) as examples of terms whose cognates cannot be found in other (Baltic) Finnic languages but can be found in Volga Finnic languages (Mari, Mordvinic).

### Noun

sēmd̦a
* milk
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    ta paņ sēmd̦a apāndõm
       he put milk to sour
    tämmõn um vel jemā sēmd̦a kūora tagān
       he still has wet behind the ears (lit. he still has mother's milk behind ears)
    poțā um jemīņ seļļi, kus semd̦i valāb sizzõl
       the pot is rather of the type that you pour milk inside of
    tämmõn at ūld vel jemā sēmd̦aks
       he still has wet behind the ears (lit. his lips are still with mother's milk)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Eduard Vääri, Īss lībiešu valodas apraksts in Kersti Boiko's Lībieši: rakstu krājums, page 286
# kalā
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kala, from Proto-Uralic *kala. Cognates include Estonian kala and Finnish kala.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑlɑː/

### Noun

kalā
* fish

#### Declension
### References

* Lauri Kettunen (1938) Livisches Wörterbuch mit grammatischer Einleitung, Helsinki, page 103

## Old Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.la/
* Rhymes: -la
* Homophones: kala, kāla
* Hyphenation: ka‧la

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit कला (kalā, “a division of time”).

#### Noun

kalā
* a certain division of time

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

kalā
* noose, snare

##### Alternative forms

* kala

##### Derived terms

* hulu kala
* hulwa kala
* kinalan
* kinalā
* makala-kalā
* maṅalā

##### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦏꦭ (kala, “bird noose or snare”)
** → Indonesian: kala (“snare”)
* → Balinese: ᬓᬮᬵ (kala)
# nūoŗimi
## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* nūoŗim

### Adjective

nūoŗimi (pos. nūoŗ, sup. amā nūoŗimi (nūoŗim))
* younger
# vīdõz
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *viidenci.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viːdəz/

### Adjective

vīdõz
* fifth

#### See also

* Livonian ordinals (1st-11th):
# tuoistõnz
## Livonian
### Etymology

From tuoistõn (“teen”) +‎ -z (“-th”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuoistənz/

### Adjective

tuoistõnz
* teenth
* umpteenth

#### See also

* Livonian ordinals (10th-20th):
# nūoŗim
## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* nūoŗimi

### Adjective

nūoŗim (pos. nūoŗ, sup. amā nūoŗimi (nūoŗim))
* younger
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    kuolm āigastõ nūoŗim
       three years younger
# nūoŗpōr
## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* nūoŗpōŗ

### Etymology

From nūoŗ (“young”) +‎ pōr (“couple, pair”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nuːorʲpɒːr/

### Noun

nūoŗpōr
* newlyweds
# bōr
## Livonian
### Etymology

Apparently from Latvian bārs (“orphaned, weak, vulnerable”). Suhonen lists a form bōriņ as a borrowing from Latvian bāriņš a variant of bārenis used in some compounds, e.g., bāriņtiesa (“custody court, family court”). This entry is for the form listed in LĒL.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boːr/

### Noun

bōr
* an orphan

#### Synonyms

* joutõmläpš

#### References

* ↑ Seppo Suhonen (1973), Die jungen lettischen Lehnwörter im Livischen, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura
# Vāldamer
## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* Vālda mer

### Etymology

From vālda (“white”) +‎ mer (“sea”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɑːldɑmer/

### Proper noun

Vāldame'r
* Baltic Sea
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Līvõkēļ munt vāldamiersūomõ kīeld siegās, page 249
    Līvõkēļ munt vāldamiersūomõ kīeld siegās
       The Livonian language among other Baltic Sea Finnic languages
** Līvõkīel-lețkīel-līvõkīel sõnārōntõz, page 60
    Vālda/me'r – Baltijas jūra
       Baltic Sea – Baltic Sea
# Irē
## Livonian
### Etymology

See etymology at Īra joug and Īra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ireː/

### Proper noun

Irē
* Mazirbe (a village in Courland, Latvia)
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    Irē – Irē – Mazirbe
       Mazirbe – Mazirbe – Mazirbe

#### Usage notes

This term has open space locative forms: allative Irēlõ, adessive Irēl, ablative Irēld.
# stjæle
## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Danish stiælæ, Old West Norse stela, from Proto-Germanic *stelaną, cognate with Swedish stjäla, English steal, German stehlen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stjɛːlə/, [ˈst͡ɕeːlə]

### Verb

stjæle (past tense stjal, past participle stjålet, attributive common stjålen, attributive definite or plural stjålne)
* to steal

#### Conjugation

activepassive
present
stjæler
stjæles
past
stjal
stjales$^1$
infinitive
stjæle
stjæles
imperative
stjæl
participle
present
stjælende
past
stjålet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund
stjælen :
$^1$Archaic.
# Pizā
## Livonian
### Etymology

Historically Pissen (attested from 1502 as weg, den von Stanszen vnnd Piszen herkombt) – Latvian Miķeļbāka, Pizesciems (Pize) or officially Miķeļtornis, Livonian Pizā. This toponym could be of Baltic origin: compare Old Prussian Pysekaym (1384), Pisdekaym (1388), Piselauk (1419), and parallels can be found in Lithuanian toponymy as well, e.g. Pisa (river); compare also Latvian Pisiņš (lake), Pisupīte, etc. The Lithuanian linguist A. Vanagas connects all these toponyms with Latvian pisa (“a bog, marsh, swamp without a bottom where only small birches and firs grow”), pise (“very thick forest”). An Old Prussian personal name Pisz (1261) should be noted too.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pizɑː/

### Proper noun

Pizā
* Miķeļtornis (a village in Courland, Latvia)
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    Pizā – Pizā – Miķeļtornis
       Miķeļtornis – Miķeļtornis – Miķeļtornis

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Kersti Boiko, Ziemeļkurzemes piekrastes lībiešu ciemu vietvārdi in Kersti Boiko's Lībieši – rakstu krājums, pages 219-220
# analōgij
## Livonian
### Etymology

Apparently via Latin, ultimately from Ancient Greek. See etymology at English analogy. Morphologically from analōg (“an analog”) +‎ -ij (“-y”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑnɑloːɡij/

### Noun

analōgij
* analogy
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    analōgij – analoogia – analoģija
       analogy – analogy – analogy
# jelāmi
## Livonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jelɑːmi/

### Noun

jelāmi
* life
* living
# tsukkõr
## Livonian
### Etymology

Latvian cukurs acquired the <c> (/ts/) sound only in the 19th century, before that it is attested as sukurs. Karulis thinks that the Latvian term was borrowed via a historical Livonian form sukker. Suhonen, in turn, list the modern Livonian tsukkõr as borrowed from Latvian cukurs, alongside he also lists sukkur from the comparably poorly attested Salaca Livonian and the form cukars from Dundaga Latvian (close to the modern Livonian speaking area), the latter is essentially identical to the modern Livonian term in its phonetic makeup.
This would not be the only example of re-borrowing, compare, for example, Livonian būojõ from Latvian bojāt which ultimately from Livonian pūoj.
If both Karulis and Suhonen be right, then the origin of this term is tsukkõr < Latvian cukurs < Livonian sukker ~ sukkur < German Zucker < Italian zucchero < < Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar) < Persian شکر < Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪sukːər/

### Noun

tsukkõr
* sugar

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “cukurs” in Konstantīns Karulis (1992, 2001), Latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca, Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
* ↑ Seppo Suhonen (1973), Die jungen lettischen Lehnwörter im Livischen, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 228
# vanā
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vanha.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɑnɑː/

### Adjective

vanā (comp. vaņīmi (vaņīm), sup. amā vaņīmi (vaņīm))
* old

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Renāte Blumberga, Tapio Mäkeläinen, Karl Pajusalu (2013), Lībieši: vēsture, valoda un kultūra, Rīga: Līvõ Kultūr sidām, →ISBN

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀯𑀦𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* वना (Devanagari script)
* ৰনা (Bengali script)
* වනා (Sinhalese script)
* ဝနာ or ဝၼႃ (Burmese script)
* วนา or วะนา (Thai script)
* ᩅᨶᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ວນາ or ວະນາ (Lao script)
* វនា (Khmer script)
* 𑅇𑄚𑄂 (Chakma script)

### Noun

vanā
* ablative singular of vana (“forest; desire”)
# libd̦i
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lipëda.

### Adjective

li'bd̦i
* slippery
# pēgõz
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pähkä via later variant *pähkäs, from Proto-Finno-Permic *päškɜ. Cognates include Finnish pähkinä, Votic pähtšene, Estonian pähkel, Veps pähkim, Ingrian päähkänä, Erzya пеште (pešte), Moksha пяште (päšte), Eastern Mari пӱкш (pükš), Udmurt пашпу (pašpu, “hazelnut bush”) and possibly also Komi-Zyrian пашкан (paškan, “rosehip”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peːɡəz/

### Noun

pē'gõz
* nut
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    pē’gidi kuoŗŗõ
       to gather nuts

#### Declension
### References

* Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
# aigā
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *akja with metathesis, from Proto-Germanic *agjō.

### Noun

aigā
* edge, border, shore
# rujā
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ruja.

### Noun

rujā
* illness

#### Declension
### Adjective

rujā
* ill

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀭𑀼𑀚𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* रुजा (Devanagari script)
* রুজা (Bengali script)
* රුජා (Sinhalese script)
* ရုဇာ or ရုၹႃ (Burmese script)
* รุชา (Thai script)
* ᩁᩩᨩᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ຣຸຊາ (Lao script)
* រុជា (Khmer script)
* 𑄢𑄪𑄎𑄂 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit रुजा (rujā).

### Noun

rujā f
* pain; disease

#### Declension
### References

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “rujā”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
* Maung Tin (1920), The Student's Pali-English Dictionary, Rangoon: British Burma Press.
# sidām
## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *südän.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sidɑːm/

### Noun

sidām
* (anatomy) heart
* middle
* centre/center

#### Declension
### References

* Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
# vabām
## Livonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɑbɑːm/

### Noun

vabām
* freedom

#### Declension
### See also

* brīõz

### References

* Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA