# 撳

| 撳 | U+64B3, &#25779; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64B3 |
| ← 撲 [U+64B2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 撴 → [U+64B4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

撳 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 手金弓人 (QCNO), four-corner 5708$_0$, composition ⿰扌欽)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 457, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12771
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1960, character 9
* Unihan data for U+64B3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 淦 | *kɯːm, *kɯːms |
| 顉 | *ŋɯːmʔ, *ŋ̊ʰrɯm, *ŋ̊ʰɯmʔ |
| 金 | *krɯm |
| 錦 | *krɯmʔ |
| 欽 | *kʰrɯm |
| 菳 | *kʰrɯm |
| 嶔 | *kʰrɯm |
| 撳 | *kʰrɯms |
| 捦 | *ɡrɯm |
| 鵭 | *ɡrɯm |
| 唫 | *ɡrɯmʔ, *ŋɡrɯm |
| 鈙 | *ɡrɯms |
| 崟 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 趛 | *ŋɡrɯmʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰrɯms): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 欽 (OC *kʰrɯm).

### Etymology

Probably a Kra-Dai substrate word. Compare Thai ข่ม (kòm, “to press something down”), Zhuang gaemh (“to press downwards”), Lingao xɔm⁴ (“to press”). This word is found in many languages and dialects used by people in southern China, including Yue, Hakka, Wu, and Southwestern Mandarin.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qìn (qin$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gam$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gim$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khim
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kim$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$chin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cìn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^4$
*** Yale: chìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinn
*** Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gam$^6$
*** Yale: gahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐm²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gim$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kim³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khim
*** Hakka Romanization System: kim
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰim⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰim⁵³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$chin
*** MiniDict: chin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$qin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰin³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: khjimH
Rime :
| Character | 撳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丘禁切 |
| Baxter | khjimH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰiɪm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰim$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰjem$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰim$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiəm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭĕm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰi̯əm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ham$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰrɯms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 撳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6686 |
| Phonetic component | 金 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰrɯms/ |
| Notes | 搇今字 |

### Definitions

撳
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Wu) to press (with one's hand or finger); to push down
       jap$^6$ sat$^6$ jim$^6$ sat$^1$ gam$^6$ gan$^2$ gap$^1$ zai$^3$ [Jyutping]
       enter the laboratory and press the emergency stop button (tongue-twister)
* (Cantonese) to withdraw money from an ATM
    撳錢／揿钱 [Cantonese] ― gam$^6$ cin$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to withdraw money
* (Cantonese) to suppress; to control
       bei$^2$ jan$^4$ gam$^6$ zyu$^6$ lai$^4$ daa$^2$ [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
       ngo$^5$ nam$^2$ nei$^5$ dou$^1$ hai$^6$ jiu$^3$ sik$^6$ joek$^6$ lai$^4$ gam$^6$ faan$^1$ dai$^1$ go$^3$ hyut$^3$ tong$^4$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 按, 摁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 按 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 按, 摁 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 按, 壓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 按, 逞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 按, 逞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 捺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 按, 捺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 撳, 的 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 撳 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 撳 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 擪 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 撳 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 按, 陣 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 撳 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 撳, 擪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 擪 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 撳 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 按 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 壓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 扼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 揤 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 揤, 捏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 揤, 捏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 揤 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撳 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 撳 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 撳 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 捺, 捼 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 捘, 按 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 撳 |

### Compounds

* 撳倒 / 揿倒
* 撳𨋢 / 揿䢂
* 撳釘 / 揿钉
* 撳鈕 / 揿钮
* 撳頭低 / 揿头低

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): きん (kin)
* Kun: おさえる (osaeru)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

撳: Hán Nôm readings: khấm, khẩm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation