# 櫟

| 櫟 | U+6ADF, &#27359; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6ADF |
| ← 櫞 [U+6ADE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 櫠 → [U+6AE0] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 櫟 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 檪 |
| Simplified | 栎 |

### Han character

櫟 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 木女戈木 (DVID), four-corner 4299$_4$, composition ⿰木樂)

#### Derived characters

* 𤄿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 560, character 30
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15823
* Dae Jaweon: page 949, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1314, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6ADF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 樂 | *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ |
| 轢 | *raːd, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 濼 | *pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 躒 | *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 擽 | *rawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 爍 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 鑠 | *qʰljawɢ |
| 藥 | *lawɢ |
| 櫟 | *lawɢ, *reːwɢ |
| 纅 | *lawɢ |
| 礫 | *reːwɢ |
| 瓅 | *reːwɢ |
| 皪 | *reːwɢ |
| 觻 | *reːwɢ, *roːwɢ |
| 嚛 | *qʰloːwɢ, *qʰloːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lawɢ, *reːwɢ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lì (li$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lik$^1$ / lik$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): le̍k / lo̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lêh$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lì
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lì
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$
*** Yale: lì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lik$^1$ / lik$^6$
*** Yale: līk / lihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lik$^7$ / lik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lig$^1$ / lig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɪk̚⁵/, /lɪk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: le̍k / lo̍k
*** Tâi-lô: li̍k / lo̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lek, lok
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liɪk̚⁴/, /lɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪk̚²⁴/, /lɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪk̚¹²¹/, /lɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liɪk̚⁴/, /lɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪk̚⁴/, /lɔk̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lêh$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: le̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /leʔ⁴/
* Middle Chinese: lek
Rime :
| Character | 櫟 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 郎擊切 |
| Baxter | lek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /lek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /liek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /liek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*reːwɢ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 櫟 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 7687 |
| Phonetic component | 樂 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靂 |
| Old Chinese | /*reːwɢ/ |

#### Definitions

櫟
* oak trees
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shān yǒu bāolì, xí yǒu liù bó. [Pinyin]
    On the mountain are the bushy oaks; In the low wet grounds are six elms.
* chestnut-leaved oak
* railing
* to fight with; to wrestle against
* to scrape an implement to produce a sound

#### Compounds

* 栓皮櫟 / 栓皮栎
* 樗櫟 / 樗栎
* 樗櫟庸材 / 樗栎庸材
* 櫟散 / 栎散
* 櫟果 / 栎果
* 櫟樹 / 栎树 (lìshù)
* 櫟釜 / 栎釜
* 社櫟 / 社栎

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuè (yue$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok$^6$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): iag$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
*** Wade–Giles: yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
*** Palladius: юэ (jue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngok$^6$
*** Yale: ngohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɔːk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iak
*** Sinological IPA : /iak̚²/
* Middle Chinese: yak
Rime :
| Character | 櫟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以灼切 |
| Baxter | yak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joek$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤewk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lawɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 櫟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁewk/ |
| English | oak |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 櫟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 7681 |
| Phonetic component | 樂 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 藥 |
| Old Chinese | /*lawɢ/ |

#### Definitions

櫟
* Only used in 櫟陽／栎阳.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 檪 |
| Kyūjitai | 櫟 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 檪)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: やく (yaku)、りゃく (ryaku)、ろう (rō)
* Kan-on: やく (yaku)、れき (reki)、ろう (rō)
* Kun: くぬぎ (kunugi, 櫟)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 櫟
* くぬぎ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 櫟 – see the following entry. :
| 【くぬぎクヌギ】 | [noun] sawtooth oak Alternative spellings 橡, 椚, 櫪, 槶 |
(This term, 櫟, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

櫟 • (ryeok>yeok) (hangeul 력>역, revised ryeok>yeok, McCune–Reischauer ryŏk>yŏk, Yale lyek>yek)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

櫟: Hán Nôm readings: lịch
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.