# فن
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Classical Persian پند (pand, “knack, trick”). Semantic development resembles Ancient Greek τέχνη (tékhnē) and Latin ars.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fann/

### Noun

فَنّ • (fann) m (plural فُنُون (funūn) or أَفْنَان (ʔafnān) or أَفَانِين (ʔafānīn))
* genre
    اَلْغَزَلُ فَنٌّ مِنْ فُنُونِ الشِّعْرِal-ḡazalu fannun min funūni aš-šiʕriThe ghazal is a genre of poetry.(literally, “The ghazal is a genre from among the genres of poetry.”)
* art
* (archaic) knack, trick, artifice
* (obsolete) quarrel, ruffle, trouble
** a. 800, أبو زيد سعيد بن أوس الأنصاري [ʔabū zayd saʕīd ibn ʔaws al-ʔanṣārīy], كتاب النوادر [Buch der Seltenheiten]: Fleischer, Heinrich Leberecht (1888) Kleinere Schriften‎ (in German), volume 3, Leipzig: S. Hirzel, pages 483–484:
    لَأَجْعَلَنْ لِإْبْنَةِ عَمْرٍو فَنَّا … حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَهْرُهَا دُهْدُنَّاlaʔajʕalan liʔibnati ʕamrin fannā … ḥattā yakūna mahruhā duhdunnāVerily I will cause a dispute about ʕamr’s daughter … so her marriage portion will be vain
* (obsolete) adornment, decoration, embellishment
* (archaic) sort, species, type
* (obsolete) state, condition, case

#### Derived terms

* اِسْتَْفَنَّ (istafanna, “to incite; to cause to be dispersed”)
* اِفْتَنَّ (iftanna, “to produce various groups of, to expatiate”)
* تَفَنَّنَ (tafannana, “to make various sorts”)
* فَنَن (fanan, “branch of a tree”)
* فَنَّ (fanna)
* فَنَّنَ (fannana, “to make various sorts, to medley”)
* فَنّاء (fannāʔ), فَنْوَاء (fanwāʔ, “branched”)
* فَنّان (fannān, “who performs various sorts; artist”)
* فَيْنَان (faynān, “having abundant hairlocks”)
* مِفَنّ (mifann, “who performs various sorts”)

#### Descendants

* Egyptian Arabic: فن (fann)
* → Azerbaijani: fənn
* → Bashkir: фән (fən)
* → Hausa: fannī̀
* → Kazakh: пән (pän)
* → Ottoman Turkish: فن (fenn)
** Turkish: fen
* → Persian: فن (fann)
* → Swahili: fani
* → Turkish: fen
* → Uyghur: پەن (pen)
* → Uzbek: fan

### Verb

فَنَّ • (fanna) I (non-past يَفُنُّ (yafunnu), verbal noun فَنّ (fann)) (obsolete)
* to cheat, to defraud, to finesse
* to cause trouble to, to weary, to embarrass
* to adorn, to decorate, to embellish

#### Conjugation
## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic فَنّ (fann).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

فن • (fann) m
* art

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَنّ (fann, “art”), itself from Classical Persian پند (pand, “knack, trick”).

### Noun

فن • (fenn) (definite accusative فنی (fenni), plural فنون (fünun) or افنان (efnân))
* kind, sort, type, variety, a class of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together
    Synonyms: جنس (cins), چشید (çeşid), صنف (sınf, sınıf), صوی (soy), نوع (nevʼ)
* art, the conscious production or arrangement of various elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions
    Synonyms: صنعت (sanʼat, zanʼat), هنر (hüner)

#### Derived terms

* فنی (fennî, “related to art”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: fen

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fen”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1558
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “fenn”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 306
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 911
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Ars”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 86
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3548
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fen”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1397

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic فَنّ (fann), from Persian پند (pand, “knack, trick”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [fan], [fann]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fän], [fän(ː)]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fän], [fän(ː)]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [fän], [fän(ː)]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [fän], [fän(ː)]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fæn], [fæn(ː)]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [fän], [fän(ː)]

#### Noun

فن • (fann) (plural فن‌ها (fann-hâ) or فنون (fonun))
* technique; method
    Synonym: تکنیک (teknik)
    فنون روایت ― fonun-e revâyat ― narrative techniques
    فنون نفوذ ― fonun-e nofuz ― infiltration methods
    فنون ماهیگیری ― fonun-e mâhigiri ― fishing methods
* trick; ruse
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 379:موش تا انبار ما حفره زده ست وز فنش انبار ما ویران شده ستmūš tā anbār-i mā hufra zada-st w-az fan-aš anbar-i mā wērān šuda-stSince the mouse has made a hole in our barn, and our barn has been ravaged by its guile […] (Classical Persian transliteration)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English fan.

#### Pronunciation

* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fæn]

#### Noun

فن • (fan) (plural فن‌ها (fan-hâ))
* industrial fan; blower
* Synonym of پنکه (panke, “electrical fan (used in houses)”).

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from English fan, short for fanatic.

#### Pronunciation

* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fæn]

#### Noun

فن • (fan) (plural فن‌ها (fan-hâ))
* fan (strong supporter)
    Synonym: هوادار (havâdâr)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فن (fan), from Arabic فَنّ (fann), from earlier Persian پند (pand).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /fən/

### Noun

فَن • (fan) m (Hindi spelling फ़न)
* art, craft, skill
* trick, deception, artifice

### References

* “فن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “فن”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.