# muru
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Maori.

### Noun

muru
* (New Zealand) An act of retaliatory theft among the Maori.

### See also

* murumuru

### Anagrams

* Urum

## Darkinjung
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʊɹʊ/

### Noun

muru
* pathway

## Dharug
### Noun

muru
* path

## Estonian
### Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Finnic *muro, compare dialectal Finnish muro (“chickweed”), Võro muro, moro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuru/, [ˈmuru]

### Noun

muru (genitive muru, partitive muru)
* lawn
* grass

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “muru”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
* “muru”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
* “muru”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
* muru in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

## Fala
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese muro, from Latin murus, from Latin *moerus, *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences, strengthen”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuɾu/
* Rhymes: -uɾu
* Syllabification: mu‧ru

### Noun

muru m (plural murus)
* wall

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muru. Equivalent to mur- +‎ -u, from the same root as murea and murtaa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuru/, [ˈmuru]
* Rhymes: -uru
* Hyphenation: mu‧ru

### Noun

muru
* crumb (small piece)
** very small amount of something, a jot, an iota
    Synonyms: hitunen, hiven, kipene, murunen, rahtu, rahtunen
* (colloquial) honey (term of affection)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:kultanen

#### Declension

Possessive forms of muru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
muruni
muruni
accusative
nom.
muruni
muruni
gen.
muruni
genitive
muruni
murujeni
partitive
muruani
murujani
inessive
murussani
muruissani
elative
murustani
muruistani
illative
muruuni
muruihini
adessive
murullani
muruillani
ablative
murultani
muruiltani
allative
murulleni
muruilleni
essive
murunani
muruinani
translative
murukseni
muruikseni
abessive
muruttani
muruittani
instructive
comitative
—muruineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
murusi
murusi
accusative
nom.
murusi
murusi
gen.
murusi
genitive
murusi
murujesi
partitive
muruasi
murujasi
inessive
murussasi
muruissasi
elative
murustasi
muruistasi
illative
muruusi
muruihisi
adessive
murullasi
muruillasi
ablative
murultasi
muruiltasi
allative
murullesi
muruillesi
essive
murunasi
muruinasi
translative
muruksesi
muruiksesi
abessive
muruttasi
muruittasi
instructive
comitative
—muruinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
murumme
murumme
accusative
nom.
murumme
murumme
gen.
murumme
genitive
murumme
murujemme
partitive
muruamme
murujamme
inessive
murussamme
muruissamme
elative
murustamme
muruistamme
illative
muruumme
muruihimme
adessive
murullamme
muruillamme
ablative
murultamme
muruiltamme
allative
murullemme
muruillemme
essive
murunamme
muruinamme
translative
muruksemme
muruiksemme
abessive
muruttamme
muruittamme
instructive
comitative
—muruinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
murunne
murunne
accusative
nom.
murunne
murunne
gen.
murunne
genitive
murunne
murujenne
partitive
muruanne
murujanne
inessive
murussanne
muruissanne
elative
murustanne
muruistanne
illative
muruunne
muruihinne
adessive
murullanne
muruillanne
ablative
murultanne
muruiltanne
allative
murullenne
muruillenne
essive
murunanne
muruinanne
translative
muruksenne
muruiksenne
abessive
muruttanne
muruittanne
instructive
comitative
—muruinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
murunsa
murunsa
accusative
nom.
murunsa
murunsa
gen.
murunsa
genitive
murunsa
murujensa
partitive
muruaan muruansa
murujaan murujansa
inessive
murussaan murussansa
muruissaan muruissansa
elative
murustaan murustansa
muruistaan muruistansa
illative
muruunsa
muruihinsa
adessive
murullaan murullansa
muruillaan muruillansa
ablative
murultaan murultansa
muruiltaan muruiltansa
allative
murulleen murullensa
muruilleen muruillensa
essive
murunaan murunansa
muruinaan muruinansa
translative
murukseen muruksensa
muruikseen muruiksensa
abessive
muruttaan muruttansa
muruittaan muruittansa
instructive
comitative
—muruineen muruinensa :

#### Derived terms

* murikka
* muro
* muruinen
* murunen
* murustaa
* jäkälämuru
* keksimuru
* keksinmuru
* kivenmuru
* kullanmuru
* leivänmuru
* murukahvi
* murukoloinen
* murupolku
* tiedonmuru

#### Related terms

* muren
* murentaa
* murentua
* murtua

### Further reading

* “muru”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

## Gamilaraay
### Noun

muru
* nose

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muru, equivalent to murtaa (“to break”) +‎ -u. Cognates include Finnish muru and Estonian muru.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈmuru/, [ˈmuru]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈmuru/, [ˈmuru]
* Rhymes: -uru
* Hyphenation: mu‧ru

### Noun

muru
* crumb
** 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 10:Noistii joka päivä viskoima[a] lavvan päälle muruja, kovasija ja jyvijä.They began to throw crumbs, crusts and grain onto the board every day.
* Short for maitomuru (“tyurya”).

#### Synonyms

* (crumb): muro

#### Derived terms

* (diminutive) muruin, murukkain
* maitomuru

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 320

## Karelian
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

muru (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
* crumb

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

## Michoacán Mazahua
### Noun

muru
* egg

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* murru (Trøndelag dialect)

### Etymology

Metaphony of Old Norse mǫru, oblique singular forms of mara. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *marǭ, whence also modern English mare (“evil spirit”).

### Noun

muru f (definite singular murua or (defunct) muro, indefinite plural murur, definite plural murune)
* (dialectal or nonstandard since 1917) alternative form of mare (“evil spirit”)
** 1954, Lars M. Fjellstad, “Murua”, in Haugfolk og trollskap, page 18:Murua var atterganger etter ugifte kvinnfolk som ikkje hadde hatt mann, sa dei gamle[.]The mare[s were] the ghost[s] of unmarried womenfolk which never had had a man, said the old ones.
** 1918, Gamalt fraa Numedal, volume 3, Gunleikson, page 24:Krøteri var ute for muro, dei med.Even the cattle were exposed to the mare-wight.

#### Usage notes

* This form was the standard form allowed under the scarcely used Midlandsnormalen of 1901, alongside maru. It had the inflected forms muro, murur and murune, in the definite singular, indefinite plural and definite plural respectively. These forms faded into oblivion and were definitely defunct by the spelling reform of 1917.

## Polish
### Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmu.ru/
* Rhymes: -uru
* Syllabification: mu‧ru

### Noun

muru m inan
* genitive singular of mur

## Sardinian
### Etymology

From Latin mūrus. Compare Italian muro.

### Noun

muru
* wall

## Sicilian
### Etymology

From Latin mūrus. Compare Italian muro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuɾu/
* Hyphenation: mù‧ru

### Noun

muru m (plural muri or mura)
* wall

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muru.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

muru
* crumb
* bit, small piece

#### Inflection
### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “крошка”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

## Votic
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *muru.

### Pronunciation

* (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA: /ˈmuru/, [ˈmuru]
* Rhymes: -uru
* Hyphenation: mu‧ru

### Noun

muru
* small piece, bit, morsel
* crumb
* sop, milksop (bread sopped in water or milk)
* (figuratively) (not) one bit

#### Inflection
### References

* Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “muru”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

## Yagara
### Noun

muru
* Alternative form of muro.

### References

* State Library of Queensland, Indigenous Language Wordlists Yugarabul Body Parts.