OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ophthalmia
## English
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin obtalmia and Old French obtalmie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós). Re-classicized from the Greek spelling, instead of archaic obtalmy (“eye inflammation, (also?) longsightedness”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ɒfˈθælmiə/, /ɒpˈθælmiə/
* (General American) IPA: /ɑpˈθælmiə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

ophthalmia (countable and uncountable, plural ophthalmias)
* (medicine) Synonym of ophthalmitis (“inflammation of the eye”)
** 1891 July, Fanny D. Bergen, “Animal and Plant Lore”, in Popular Science, page 377:Dr. Buck reports that the Swabians also believe in the efficacy of fasting spittle for sore eyes; and our never-failing Pliny records the Roman belief that ophthalmia may be cured by anointing the eyes every morning with fasting spittle.

#### Derived terms

* ophthalmia neonatorum

#### Related terms

* ophthalmo-

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “ophthalmia”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ “ophthalmia”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# discourtesy
## English
### Etymology

From dis- +‎ courtesy.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /dɪsˈkɜːtəzi/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

discourtesy (usually uncountable, plural discourtesies)
* Lack of courtesy; rudeness.
    Synonym: discourteousness
* A rude act.
# ཨ་བུ་ཀ་ཀི
## Kurtöp
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Albuquerque.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔɐ́.bu.kɐ.ki]

### Proper noun

ཨ་བུ་ཀ་ཀི ('Abukaki)
* Albuquerque (a city in New Mexico, United States)

### References

* G. Hyslop, K. Tshering, K. Lhendrup, P. Chhophyel (2016) Kurtöp-English-Dzongkha dictionary (draft), page 231
# Albuquerque
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish Albuquerque, from Latin albus (“white”) + quercus (“oak”) (white oak). Compare translingual Quercus alba
* (New Mexico): From Spanish Alburquerque (a town in Spain), named after Spanish viceroy Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque (1619–1676).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈæl.bə.kɚ.ki/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈæl.bə.kəː.ki/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: Al‧bu‧quer‧que

### Proper noun

Albuquerque (countable and uncountable, plural Albuquerques)
* A surname from Spanish.
* The largest city in New Mexico, United States and the county seat of Bernalillo County.

#### Synonyms

(Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA):
* ABQ
* Abq.
* Abq
* Alb.
* Alb
* Burque
* Duke City

#### Derived terms

* Albuquerquean
* Albuquerque turkey
* Burqueño
* take a wrong turn at Albuquerque

#### Descendants

* → Kurtöp: ཨ་བུ་ཀ་ཀི ('Abukaki)

#### Translations
### See also

* Quercus alba
* Q. alba
* Quercus
* alba

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aw.buˈkɛʁ.ki/ [aʊ̯.buˈkɛh.ki]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aw.buˈkɛʁ.ki/ [aʊ̯.buˈkɛh.ki]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aw.buˈkɛɾ.ki/ [aʊ̯.buˈkɛɾ.ki]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aw.buˈkɛʁ.ki/ [aʊ̯.buˈkɛχ.ki]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aw.buˈkɛɻ.ke/ [aʊ̯.buˈkɛɻ.ke]
* (Portugal) IPA: /al.buˈkɛɾ.kɨ/ [aɫ.βuˈkɛɾ.kɨ]
* Hyphenation: Al‧bu‧quer‧que

### Proper noun

Albuquerque
* a surname
* Albuquerque (a city in New Mexico, United States)

#### Related terms

* Alburquerque
* de Albuquerque

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /albuˈkeɾke/ [al.β̞uˈkeɾ.ke]
* Rhymes: -eɾke
* Syllabification: Al‧bu‧quer‧que

### Proper noun

Albuquerque m or f by sense
* Albuquerque (a city in New Mexico, United States)
* a surname
# ཨ་རི་ཟོ་ན
## Kurtöp
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Arizona.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔɐ́.ri.zo.nɐ]

### Proper noun

ཨ་རི་ཟོ་ན ('Arizona)
* Arizona (a state of the United States)

### References

* G. Hyslop, K. Tshering, K. Lhendrup, P. Chhophyel (2016) Kurtöp-English-Dzongkha dictionary (draft), page 232
# sprzeczką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspʂɛt͡ʂ.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʂkɔw̃
* Syllabification: sprzecz‧ką

### Noun

sprzeczką
* instrumental singular of sprzeczka
# ʉkʉtʉ
## Saaroa
### Noun

ʉkʉtʉ
* nail (metal fastener)
# donanma
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From donanmaq +‎ -ma.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

donanma (definite accusative donanmanı, plural donanmalar)
* verbal noun of donanmaq
* (nautical) fleet
    hərbi dəniz donanması ― navy
    ordu və donanma ― army and navy

#### Related terms

* don (“dress”)

### Further reading

* “donanma” in Obastan.com.
# Ankläger
## German
### Etymology

From anklagen +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈanˌklɛːɡɐ/ (standard; used naturally in western Germany and Switzerland)
* IPA: /ˈanˌkleːɡɐ/ (overall more common; particularly northern and eastern regions)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: An‧klä‧ger

### Noun

Ankläger m (strong, genitive Anklägers, plural Ankläger, feminine Anklägerin)
* prosecutor, accuser
** Kim C. Priemel & Alexa Stiller (editors), NMT: Die Nürnberger Militärtribunale zwischen Geschichte, Gerechtigkeit und Rechtschöpfung, 2013, p. 574:
    So gibt es beispielsweise keinen Hinweis darauf, dass die weiblichen Ankläger in den Wirtschaftsprozessen den verbrecherischen Charakter von Geschäftspraktiken in derselben Art und Weise (und anders als ihre männlichen Kollegen) beurteilten oder dass die beiden neuen Mitarbeiter im Anklägerteam, beide Republikaner, aufgrund ihrer politischen Auffassung bestimmte Angeklagte aussuchten oder mit spezifischen Rechtstheorien arbeiteten.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Ankläger” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Ankläger” in Duden online
* “Ankläger” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# morphographer
## English
### Noun

morphographer (plural morphographers)
* One who studies morphography.
# 'oya'
## Saisiyat
### Noun

'oya'
* mother

### Further reading

* “'oya'”, in 原住民族語言線上詞典 [Online Dictionary of Aboriginal Languages] (in Mandarin), Taipei: Foundation for Research and Development of Aboriginal Languages, 2014
# d'aquella
## Portuguese
### Contraction

d'aquella f sg
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of daquela. Feminine singular of d'aquelle.
# appallingly
## English
### Etymology

From appalling +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ʌˈpɑlɪŋli/

### Adverb

appallingly (comparative more appallingly, superlative most appallingly)
* In an appalling manner.
** 1997, Guy Claxton, Hare brain, tortoise mind: why intelligence increases when you think less:She performed appallingly on standard neurological tests, which are, as Sacks perceptively notes, specifically designed to deconstruct the whole person into a stack of 'abilities'.
# play stupid
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

play stupid (third-person singular simple present plays stupid, present participle playing stupid, simple past and past participle played stupid)
* Synonym of play dumb
# stupid is as stupid does
## English
### Etymology

Apparently modeled on handsome is as handsome does. Attested since at least 1862, but popularized (perhaps independently) by the 1994 film Forrest Gump.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Proverb

stupid is as stupid does
* Stupid behaviour indicates stupidity.
** 1882 Anthony Trollope: Orley Farm
    As long as a man can pay twenty shillings in the pound and a trifle over, what does it matter if all the judges in the land was to call him stupid?' said Snengkeld. "Stupid is as stupid does." said Kantwise. "Stupid be d--." said Moulder. "Mr. Moulder, there's ladies present." said Mrs. Smiley,
# hit with the stupid stick
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

hit with the stupid stick (third-person singular simple present hits with the stupid stick, present participle hitting with the stupid stick, simple past and past participle hit with the stupid stick)
* (idiomatic, slang, derogatory, in the past participle) Used to describe someone who is stupid or unintelligent.

#### See also

* beat with the ugly stick
# picky plate
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

picky plate (plural picky plates)
* Synonym of picky tea
** 2024 August 21, Charlotte Lytton, “Picking at your food like that is ruining dinner for everyone”, in The Independent, London, page 19:TikTok dwellers will recognise picky plates as an update on last year’s “girl dinner”, another social media trend denoting what is, politely, a random assortment of snacks (to which “dregs from the salad drawer” would also apply).
# d'aquillo
## Portuguese
### Contraction

d'aquillo n
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of daquilo. Neuter of d'aquelle.
# Wyden
## English
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwaɪdən/

### Proper noun

Wyden (plural Wydens)
* A surname.
** 2022 July 6, “Senators Warren, Sanders, Markey, and Gillibrand Urge Administration to Deschedule Cannabis and Pardon Nonviolent Cannabis Offenders”, in warren.senate.gov‎:U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) and Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) led Senators Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Ed Markey (D-Mass.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), and Ron Wyden (D-Ore.) to send a letter to President Biden, Attorney General Merrick Garland, and Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Xavier Becerra, following up on previous requests that the administration use its authority to deschedule cannabis and pardon non-violent cannabis-related offenders.

### Anagrams

* Wendy, wendy
# Merrick
## English
### Alternative forms

* (surname): Meyrick, Myrick

### Etymology

Anglicisation of Welsh Meurig.

### Proper noun

Merrick
* A surname from Welsh.
* A male given name.
** 2022 July 6, “Senators Warren, Sanders, Markey, and Gillibrand Urge Administration to Deschedule Cannabis and Pardon Nonviolent Cannabis Offenders”, in warren.senate.gov‎:U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) and Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) led Senators Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Ed Markey (D-Mass.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), and Ron Wyden (D-Ore.) to send a letter to President Biden, Attorney General Merrick Garland, and Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Xavier Becerra, following up on previous requests that the administration use its authority to deschedule cannabis and pardon non-violent cannabis-related offenders.
* A neighbourhood of West Springfield, Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States.
* A hamlet and census-designated place in Hempstead, Nassau County, Long Island, New York, United States.

#### Derived terms

* Merrick County
# God the Father
## English
### Etymology

See god and father.

### Proper noun

God the Father
* (Christianity theology) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to the God of Abraham and the Jewish scriptures and considered the creator of mankind and Father of Jesus Christ.
    Synonyms: Our Father; see also Thesaurus:god
    Coordinate terms: God the Son, Son of God; God the Holy Ghost, God the Holy Spirit
** 1549, The booke of the common prayer and adminiſtracion of the Sacramentes, and other rites and ceremonies of the Churche: after the vſe of the Churche of England:And aboue all thynges: ye muſt geue moſte humble and hartie thankes to God the father, the ſonne, and the holy ghoſt, for the redempcion of the worlde...

#### Related terms

* godfather
# naquellas
## Portuguese
### Contraction

naquellas f pl
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of naquelas. Feminine plural of naquelle.
# n'aquellas
## Portuguese
### Contraction

n'aquellas f pl
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1911 in Portugal) of naquelas. Feminine plural of n'aquelle.
# bookworm
## English
### Alternative forms

* book worm

### Etymology

From book +‎ worm.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbʊk.wɜːm/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

bookworm (plural bookworms)
* Any of various insects that infest books.
* (figurative) An avid book reader.
    Synonyms: bibliophage, bibliophile, bibliovore, book lover, librophile, librovore
    Hyponyms: helluo librorum, bibliomane, bibliomaniac
** 1846, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Earth's Holocaust”, in Mosses from an Old Manse:“This,” remarked the sedate observer beside me, “is a bookworm,—one of those men who are born to gnaw dead thoughts. His clothes, you see, are covered with the dust of libraries.

#### Derived terms

* bookwormish
* bookwormism
* bookwormy

#### Translations
### See also

* have one's nose in a book
# bitch suit
## English
### Noun

bitch suit (plural bitch suits)
* Alternative form of bitchsuit
# bitchsuits
## English
### Noun

bitchsuits
* plural of bitchsuit
# gensemin salvatge
## Occitan
### Noun

gensemin salvatge m (plural gensemins salvatges)
* bush jasmine (Chrysojasminum fruticans, syn. Jasminum fruticans L.)

#### Synonyms

* [1]: embriac, escarilhas, gensemil, gensemin, jaussemin

### References

* ↑ Gui Benoèt (2008) Las plantas, Toulouse: IEO Edicions, →ISBN, p. 274.
# gensemin
## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Noun

gensemin m (plural gensemins)
* bush jasmine (Chrysojasminum fruticans, syn. Jasminum fruticans) L.

#### Alternative forms

* [1]: gensemil, jaussemin

#### Synonyms

* [1]: embriac, escarilhas, gensemin salvatge

#### Derived terms

* [1]: gensemin salvatge

### References

* ↑ Gui Benoèt (2008) Las plantas, Toulouse: IEO Edicions, →ISBN, p. 274.
# Nazi bar
## English
### Etymology

Popularized by an anecdote shared by Michael B. Tager (@IamRageSparkle) on Twitter in July 2020. Tager recounted visiting a "shitty crustpunk bar" where he saw a patron abruptly expelled: the bartender explained that the man was wearing "iron crosses and stuff", and that he feared such patrons would become regulars and start bringing friends if not promptly kicked out, which would lead him to realize "oh shit, this is a Nazi bar now" only after the unwanted patrons became too "entrenched" to kick out without trouble. (Instances of people noting that if a bar starts serving Nazis other customers stop going and it becomes a Nazi bar are older.)

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

Nazi bar (plural Nazi bars)
* (Internet slang) A space in which bigots or extremists have come to dominate due to a lack of moderation or by moderators wishing to remain neutral or avoid conflict.
** 2020 August 10, Sojaro (@sojaro), Twitter‎:Social media platforms are virtual monopolies only by the virtue that alternatives immediately establish themselves as either "hug boxes" or "nazi bars".
** 2021 September 9, Val Syverson (@vjpsyverson), Twitter‎:I’d venture to say this is especially important reading for those of us who formed our opinions on this topic before the New Atheist movement became a Nazi bar.
** 2022 January 12, Julian Kay (@AlienRopeBurn), Twitter‎:Tabletop Simulator's forums and community have essentially melted under the blazing bigot influx at this point. It's a Nazi bar now.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Nazi bar.

### See also

* alt-tech

### References

* ↑ Twitter, 8 July 2020
* ↑ "Bartender's Explanation For Kicking Out A Nazi Reminds Us Not To Tolerate Intolerance", The Daily Dot, 16 July 2020
# прягти
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɐɦˈtɪ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Ruthenian *прѧчи (*prjači) (attested in запрѧчи (zaprjači)), from Old East Slavic *прѧчи, прѧщи (*pręči, pręšči), from Proto-Slavic *pręťi.

#### Verb

прягти́ • (prjahtý) impf (perfective запрягти́)
* (transitive, dialectal) to yoke, to harness
* (transitive, dialectal) to look at, to examine, to eye

##### Derived terms

* прягти́ся impf (prjahtýsja)
* пря́жка f (prjážka)
* ви́прягти pf (výprjahty), випряга́ти impf (vyprjaháty)
* ви́прягтися pf (výprjahtysja), випряга́тися impf (vyprjahátysja)
* відпрягти́ pf (vidprjahtý), відпряга́ти impf (vidprjaháty)
* відпрягти́ся pf (vidprjahtýsja), відпряга́тися impf (vidprjahátysja)
* впрягти́ pf (vprjahtý), впряга́ти impf (vprjaháty)
* впрягти́ся pf (vprjahtýsja), впряга́тися impf (vprjahátysja)
* запрягти́ pf (zaprjahtý), запряга́ти impf (zaprjaháty)
* запрягти́ся pf (zaprjahtýsja), запряга́тися impf (zaprjahátysja)
* опрягти́ся pf (oprjahtýsja), опряга́тися impf (oprjahátysja)
* перепрягти́ pf (pereprjahtý), перепряга́ти impf (pereprjaháty)
* перепрягти́ся pf (pereprjahtýsja), перепряга́тися impf (pereprjahátysja)
* підпрягти́ pf (pidprjahtý), підпряга́ти impf (pidprjaháty)
* підпрягти́ся pf (pidprjahtýsja), підпряга́тися impf (pidprjahátysja)
* припрягти́ pf (pryprjahtý), припряга́ти impf (pryprjaháty)
* припрягти́ся pf (pryprjahtýsja), припряга́тися impf (pryprjahátysja)
* розпрягти́ pf (rozprjahtý), розпряга́ти impf (rozprjaháty)
* розпрягти́ся pf (rozprjahtýsja), розпряга́тися impf (rozprjahátysja)
* спрягти́ pf (sprjahtý), спряга́ти impf (sprjaháty)
* спрягти́ся pf (sprjahtýsja), спряга́тися impf (sprjahátysja)
* упрягти́ pf (uprjahtý), упряга́ти impf (uprjaháty)
* упрягти́ся pf (uprjahtýsja), упряга́тися impf (uprjahátysja)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *praťi, from the same root as пра́жити (prážyty), пря́жити (prjážyty) and пра́гнути (práhnuty).

#### Verb

прягти́ • (prjahtý) impf (transitive)
* (cooking) to fry, to roast
    Synonyms: сма́жити (smážyty), жа́рити (žáryty), пра́жити (prážyty), пря́жити (prjážyty)
* (cooking) to simmer, to boil (milk, cream)
    Synonyms: топи́ти (topýty), пря́жити (prjážyty), пра́жити (prážyty), кип'яти́ти (kypʺjatýty)
* to scorch, to parch (of sun)

##### Derived terms

* прягти́ся f (prjahtýsja)
* пря́жений (prjáženyj)
* пря́ження n (prjážennja)
* пря́женя f (prjáženja)
* запрягти́ pf (zaprjahtý)
* напрягти́ pf (naprjahtý)
* попрягти́ pf (poprjahtý)
* спрягти́ pf (sprjahtý)

##### Related terms

* пра́гнути (práhnuty)
* пра́жити (prážyty)
* пря́жити (prjážyty)
* спра́га f (spráha)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “прягти”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “прягти”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “прягти”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# しやうがない
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of しやうがない – see the following entry. :
| 【しょうがない】 | [adjective] (of a task or probability) of no use, impossible; hopeless, doomed, screwed [adjective] (of an event) unavoidable, inevitable [adjective] (of a person) impossible or difficult (to deal with) [adjective] too, simply, so; impossibly, overwhelmingly |
(This term, しやうがない (syauganai), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# multipack
## English
### Etymology

From multi- +‎ pack.

### Noun

multipack (plural multipacks)
* A form of packaging containing multiple individual packages of a single product.
    a multipack of tins of baked beans
** 2017 January 10, Ashley Strickland, “Twinkies, Palmer Candy join recall over salmonella concerns”, in CNN‎:Hostess has recalled the multipack boxes, with nine cakes in each, in response to a recall by Blommer Chocolate Co., which produced the confectionery coating used on the holiday Twinkies.
** 2025 January 29, Lucy Hooker, “Coca-Cola recalls drinks in UK due to chemical levels”, in BBC News‎:Cans of Coca-Cola Original Taste, Coca-Cola Zero Sugar, Diet Coke, and Sprite Zero sent to cafes and restaurants are being withdrawn as well as 6x250ml Appletiser multipacks sent to UK supermarkets.
# акмаци
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈakmat͡si]
* Hyphenation: ак‧ма‧ци

### Noun

акмаци • (akmaci)
* inflection of акмак m (akmak):
** indefinite plural
** vocative plural
# modest
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French modeste, from Latin modestus.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈmɑdəst/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒdəst

### Adjective

modest (comparative more modest or modester, superlative most modest or modestest)
* Not bragging or boasting about oneself or one's achievements; unpretentious, humble.
    Synonyms: demure, meek; see also Thesaurus:humble
    Antonyms: arrogant, immodest; see also Thesaurus:arrogant
* Small, moderate in size.
    Synonyms: moderate, tiny; see also Thesaurus:intermediate, Thesaurus:small
    Antonyms: immodest, obscene; see also Thesaurus:large, Thesaurus:excessive
    He earns a modest amount of money.
    Her latest novel was a modest success.
* Pure and delicate from a sense of propriety.
    Synonyms: chaste, demure, prudish, virginal
    Antonyms: immodest, obscene; see also Thesaurus:obscene
    modest thoughts or language
* (especially of behavior or clothing) Intending to avoid the encouraging of sexual attraction in others.
    Synonyms: austere, chaste; see also Thesaurus:unadorned
    Antonyms: provocative, sexy, sensual, flamboyant; see also Thesaurus:sexy, Thesaurus:gaudy

#### Derived terms

* modestly
* modest proposal

#### Related terms

* modesty

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* domets

## Albanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔdɛst/

### Adjective

modest (feminine modeste)
* modest

#### Derived terms

* modesti

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin modestus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [muˈðest]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [moˈðest]

### Adjective

modest (feminine modesta, masculine plural modests or modestos, feminine plural modestes)
* modest
    Antonym: immodest

#### Derived terms

* modestament

#### Related terms

* immodest
* modèstia

### Further reading

* “modest” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “modest”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “modest” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “modest” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin modestus or French modeste or Italian modesto.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moˈdest/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

modest m or n (feminine singular modestă, masculine plural modești, feminine and neuter plural modeste)
* modest
# ออกญา
## Thai
### Etymology

From Old Khmer ឧកញ៉ា (okña).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | ออกญา ɒ ɒ k ɲ ā |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | ออก-ยา ɒ ɒ k – y ā |
| Romanization | Paiboon | ɔ̀ɔk-yaa |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | ok-ya |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /ʔɔːk̚˨˩.jaː˧/ |

### Noun

ออกญา • (ɔ̀ɔk-yaa)
* marquess, marquis (of Ayutthaya Kingdom)

#### Synonyms

* พญา (pá-yaa)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: オークヤー
# オークヤー
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* (obsolete) 握(あく)雅(が) (Akuga)

### Etymology

From Thai ออกญา (ɔ̀ɔk-yaa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [o̞ːkɯ̟ja̠ː]

### Noun

オークヤー • (ōkuyā)
* marquess, marquis (of Ayutthaya Kingdom)

#### Synonyms

* プラヤー (purayā)
# Kläpperei
## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [klæpəʀˈɑɪ]

### Noun

Kläpperei f (plural Kläppereien)
* punch-up, brawl

#### Synonyms

* Kläpp
# cá cóc
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kaː˧˦ kawk͡p̚˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [kaː˨˩˦ kawk͡p̚˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kaː˦˥ kawk͡p̚˦˥]

### Etymology 1

cá (“fish”) +‎ cóc (“toad”).

#### Noun

(classifier con) cá cóc
* salamander
    Synonym: kì giông

##### Derived terms

* cá cóc Tam Đảo

#### See also

* sa giông; manh giông

### Etymology 2

cá +‎ cóc, from Khmer ឆ្កោក (chkaok) (as in ត្រីឆ្កោក (trəyckaok)). Compare also Thai ตะโกก (as in ปลาตะโกก).

#### Noun

(classifier con) cá cóc
* soldier river barb (Cyclocheilichthys enoplos)
# 仕方が無い
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 仕 | 方 | 無 |
| し Grade: 3 (ateji) | かた Grade: 2 | な Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | kun'yomi | kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 仕方が無い – see the following entry. :
| 【仕方しかたがない】 | [phrase] it can't be helped, nothing can be done about it, have no choice, c'est la vie, it is what it is [phrase] it is no use [phrase] it cannot be borne, one cannot help but (+ verb) |
(This term, 仕方が無い, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :