# 出水
## Chinese

* 出水

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūshuǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ seoi$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhut-súi
    (Hailu, HRS): chud shui$^ˊ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): coh$^6$ zui$^3$ / cuoh$^6$ zui$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-chúi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūshuǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chushuěi
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-shui$^3$
*** Yale: chū-shwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chushoei
*** Palladius: чушуй (čušuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūshuǐr
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄕㄨㄟˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chushuěir
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-shui$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chū-shwěir
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chushoel
*** Palladius: чушуйр (čušujr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ seoi$^2$
*** Yale: chēut séui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ soey$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ sêu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-súi
*** Hakka Romanization System: cud$^ˋ$ sui$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cud$^5$ sui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² su̯i³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chud shui$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰut⁵⁻² ʃui²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: coh$^6$ zui$^3$ [Phonetic: coh$^7$ zui$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheoh-cûi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡sui⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cuoh$^6$ zui$^3$ [Phonetic: cuoh$^7$ zui$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuoʔ²⁻²⁴ t͡sui³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-chúi
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-tsuí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutzuie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sui⁴¹/

### Verb

出水
* to appear out of water; to appear above water
       Yùndòngyuán chūshuǐ hòu lìkè qù lìnyù. [Pinyin]
       The athlete immediately went to take a shower after getting out of the water.
* to spurt out water; to discharge water; to send up water
    井出水了。 ― Jǐng chūshuǐ le. ― The well is sending up water.
       Thô͘-kha té teh chhut-chúi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       It's spurting out water from the ground.
* (dated) to be freed from prostitution and start a new life
* (Cantonese) to blanch (to boil an ingredient briefly to prepare it)
* (Taiwanese Hakka, Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to give vent to one's anger
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to undertake the duty; to assume responsibility
* (Xiamen Hokkien) to set out (of a group of people)
* (Xiamen Hokkien, dated) to have a robbery
* (Taiwanese Hakka) to leak; to flow out with; to run off (of liquid)
* (Xining Mandarin) to shrink in the wash
* (Yangzhou Mandarin) to get out of jail; to be released from prison
* (Puxian Min, of a construction project) to be completed
* (slang) to ejaculate

#### Synonyms

* (to blanch): 焯水 (chāoshuǐ); (Cantonese) 飛水／飞水
* (shrink in the wash): 抽水 (chōushuǐ), 縮水／缩水 (suōshuǐ)
* (to get out of jail): 出獄／出狱 (chūyù); (Cantonese, Hakka) 放監／放监; (Cantonese, Teochew) 出監／出监; (Cantonese, slang) 出冊／出册
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 射精 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 丟身子, 出身子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 射精, 射洨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 出㞞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 走精 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 射精 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 走精, 走身子 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 濺精 GT, 濺潲 GT |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Derived terms

* 出水口
* 出水夥計 / 出水伙计
* 出水芙蓉 (chūshuǐfúróng)
* 捏出水兒來的 / 捏出水儿来的 (niēchū shuǐr lái de)
* 芙蓉出水
* 荷花出水

### Proper noun

出水
* (～市) Izumi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “出水”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “出水”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 111.

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| い(ず) Grade: 1 | み Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| い(づ) Grade: 1 | み Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| い(で) Grade: 1 | みず Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| い(で) Grade: 1 | み Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| い Grade: 1 | みず Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| いでかみ ||
| Grade: 1 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun ||
Compound of 出(い)づ (izu, “to go or come out”) + 水(み) (mi, “water”); literally, “water that comes out”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いずみ [ìzúmí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [izɨmʲi]
* (Tokyo) いづみ [ìzúmí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [izɨmʲi]
* IPA: [ide̞mʲizɨ]
* IPA: [ide̞mʲi]
* IPA: [imʲizɨ]
* IPA: [ide̞ka̠mʲi]

#### Proper noun

出(いず)水(み) • (Izumi)
* Izumi (a city and train station in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)
* Izumi (the neighborhoods of Kumamoto and Jōnan, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)
* Izumi (a neighborhood of Katō, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)
* a surname
出(いづ)水(み) • (Izumi)
* a surname
出(いで)水(みず) • (Idemizu)
* Idemizu (a neighborhood of Katsuura, Chiba Prefecture, Japan)
* a surname
出(いで)水(み) • (Idemi)
* a surname
出(い)水(みず) • (Imizu)
* a surname
出水(いでかみ) • (Idekami)
* a surname

##### Related terms

* 泉(いずみ) (izumi, “natural spring”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| しゅつ > しゅっ Grade: 1 | すい Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
Compound of 出(しゅつ) (shutsu, “to go or come out”) + 水(すい) (sui, “water”); literally, “water coming out”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅっすい [shùssúí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨsːɨi]

#### Noun

出(しゅっ)水(すい) • (shussui)
* act of water coming out; water that comes out
* overflowing of water; flooding
    Synonym: 出水 (demizu)
    台(たい)風(ふう)による出(しゅっ)水(すい) ― taifū ni yoru shussui ― flooding caused by the typhoon

#### Verb

出(しゅっ)水(すい)する • (shussui suru) suru (stem 出(しゅっ)水(すい)し (shussui shi), past 出(しゅっ)水(すい)した (shussui shita))
* to come out, flow out (of water)
    トンネル内(うち)に出(しゅっ)水(すい)する
       tonneru-uchi ni shussui suru
       water seeps out into the tunnel
* to overflow with water; to flood

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 出水し | しゅっすいし | shussui shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 出水し | しゅっすいし | shussui shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 出水する | しゅっすいする | shussui suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 出水する | しゅっすいする | shussui suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 出水すれ | しゅっすいすれ | shussui sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 出水せよ¹ 出水しろ² | しゅっすいせよ¹ しゅっすいしろ² | shussui seyo¹ shussui shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 出水される | しゅっすいされる | shussui sareru |
| Causative | 出水させる 出水さす | しゅっすいさせる しゅっすいさす | shussui saseru shussui sasu |
| Potential | 出水できる | しゅっすいできる | shussui dekiru |
| Volitional | 出水しよう | しゅっすいしよう | shussui shiyō |
| Negative | 出水しない | しゅっすいしない | shussui shinai |
| Negative continuative | 出水せず | しゅっすいせず | shussui sezu |
| Formal | 出水します | しゅっすいします | shussui shimasu |
| Perfective | 出水した | しゅっすいした | shussui shita |
| Conjunctive | 出水して | しゅっすいして | shussui shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 出水すれば | しゅっすいすれば | shussui sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| で Grade: 1 | みず Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 出(で) (de, “act of going or coming out”) + 水(みず) (mizu, “water”); literally, “act of water coming out”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) でみず [dèmízú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [de̞mʲizɨ]

#### Noun

出(で)水(みず) • (demizu)
* flooding; floodwater, referring to the sudden rise of water levels in rivers or other bodies of water due to heavy rainfall or other natural disasters
    Synonyms: 洪水 (kōzui), 出水 (shussui)

#### Proper noun

出(で)水(みず) • (Demizu)
* Demizu (a neighborhood of Kamigyō, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)
* Demizu (a neighborhood of Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)

### Etymology 4

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 水 |
| で Grade: 1 | すい Grade: 1 |
| yutōyomi ||
Compound of 出(で) (de, “act of going or coming out”) + 水(すい) (sui, “water”); literally, “act of water coming out”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ですい [dèsúí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [de̞sɨi]

#### Noun

出(で)水(すい) • (desui)
* Sanuki form of 泉 (izumi, “natural spring”)

#### Proper noun

出(で)水(すい) • (Desui)
* a surname