# filial
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English filial, from Latin fīliālis, from filius (“son”) / filia (“daughter”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /ˈfɪl.i.əl/, /ˈfɪl.jəl/
** Hyphenation: fil‧i‧al
* (US, also) IPA: /ˈfi.li.əl/
** Hyphenation: fi‧li‧al
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪliəl, -ɪljəl, -iːliəl

### Adjective

filial (comparative more filial, superlative most filial)
* (not comparable) Pertaining to or befitting a son or daughter.
    Antonym: unfilial
    Hyponyms: daughterly, sonly
    Coordinate terms: motherly, maternal, parental, fatherly, paternal
** 1794, Charlotte Smith, “Chapter 20”, in The Banished Man, volume 2:The filial duty Ellesmere had paid to a father, who had no other claim to it than that he was his father, was now consoling to him [D'Alonville]; […]
* (comparable) Respectful of the duties and attitudes of sons or daughters toward their parents.
** 1885, The actions and Attitude of Filiality, (Please provide the book title or journal name), translation of original by ConfuciusJames Legge:If the admonition [to the parent] does not take effect, the son will be more reverential and more filial; […]
* (genetics) Of a generation or generations descending from a specific previous one.
    Coordinate term: parental
** 1916, William E. Castle, Gregor Mendel, Genetics & Eugenics‎, page 101:This, following Bateson, we may call the parental generation or P generation. Subsequent generations are called filial generations (abbreviated F) and their numerical order is indicated by a subscript, as first filial (F$_1$), second filial (F$_2$), etc.

#### Derived terms

* filial duty
* filial generation
* filially
* filialness
* filial piety
* filiopietistic
* grandfilial
* nonfilial

#### Related terms

* filiation

#### References
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From German Filiale, from Latin fīliālis (“of or pertaining to a son or daughter”).

### Noun

filial (definite accusative filialı, plural filiallar)
* filial, branch.

### Further reading

* “filial” in Obastan.com.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fīliālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [fi.liˈal]

### Adjective

filial m or f (masculine and feminine plural filials)
* filial

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From German Filiale, from Latin fīliālis (“of or pertaining to a son or daughter”).

### Noun

filial
* filial, branch.

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

## Danish
### Etymology

From Latin filialis

### Noun

filial c (singular definite filialen, plural indefinite filialer)
* (business) branch.

#### Further reading

* “filial” in Den Danske Ordbog

## French
### Etymology

From Latin fīliālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi.ljal/

### Adjective

filial (feminine filiale, masculine plural filiaux, feminine plural filiales)
* filial (characteristic of or befitting the relationship between a son or daughter and their parents)

#### Derived terms

* filiale n. f.

### Further reading

* “filial”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* failli

## Indonesian
### Noun

filial (plural filial-filial)
* filial branch

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fīliālis.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -al
* (Brazil) IPA: /fi.liˈaw/ [fi.lɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /fiˈljaw/ [fiˈljaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /fiˈljal/ [fiˈljaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /fiˈljal/ [fiˈljaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /fiˈlja.li/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: fi‧li‧al

### Adjective

filial m or f (plural filiais)
* filial (pertaining to a son or daughter)

### Noun

filial f (plural filiais)
* branch office
    Synonym: sucursal

#### Related terms

* filho

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French filial.

### Adjective

filial m or n (feminine singular filială, masculine plural filiali, feminine and neuter plural filiale)
* filial

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin fīliālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fiˈljal/ [fiˈljal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: fi‧lial

### Adjective

filial m or f (masculine and feminine plural filiales)
* filial

### Noun

filial f (plural filiales)
* subsidiary, branch

### Noun

filial m (plural filiales)
* (sports) reserve team, B team
    Synonym: equipo filial

### Further reading

* “filial”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Latin filial

### Noun

filial c
* branch (office of an organization with several locations)

#### Related terms

* bankfilial
* filialaffär
* filialkontor

### References

* filial in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

## Volapük
### Noun

filial (nominative plural filials)
* subsidiary, branch

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only