# 自重
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìzhòng
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ zung$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-chhung
    (Hailu, HRS): cii$^˖$ chung$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cê̤ṳ-dê̤ṳng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chǐr-tiǒng / chū-tiōng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìzhòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄓㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjhòng
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-chung$^4$
*** Yale: dz̀-jùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjonq
*** Palladius: цзычжун (czyčžun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ zung$^6$
*** Yale: jih juhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ dzung$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ zung$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² t͡sʊŋ²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-chhung
*** Hakka Romanization System: cii cung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ci$^4$ cung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cii$^˖$ chung$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³³ t͡ʃʰuŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cê̤ṳ-dê̤ṳng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ $^{(t-)}$løyŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǐr-tiǒng
*** Tâi-lô: tsǐr-tiǒng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ²² tiɔŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-tiōng
*** Tâi-lô: tsū-tiōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuxdiong
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ³³/

### Verb

自重
* to conduct oneself with dignity; to be self-possessed; to be dignified
* to raise oneself in others' esteem

### Noun

自重
* dead weight

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 自 | 重 |
| じ Grade: 2 | じゅう Grade: 3 |
| goon ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じじゅう [jìjúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡ʑiʑɨː]

#### Noun

自(じ)重(じゅう) • (jijū)
* one's own weight
    マガジンは自(じ)重(じゅう)で落(らっ)下(か)します。
       Magajin wa jijū de rakka shimasu.
       The magazine falls by its own weight.

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 自 | 重 |
| じ Grade: 2 | ちょう Grade: 3 |
| goon | kan'on |

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じちょー [jìchóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡ʑit͡ɕo̞ː]

#### Noun

自(じ)重(ちょう) • (jichō)
* self-respect
* prudence
* taking care of one's own health

#### Verb

自(じ)重(ちょう)する • (jichō suru) intransitive suru (stem 自(じ)重(ちょう)し (jichō shi), past 自(じ)重(ちょう)した (jichō shita))
* respect oneself
* be prudent
* take care of oneself, be kind to one's own body

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 自重し | じちょうし | jichō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 自重し | じちょうし | jichō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 自重する | じちょうする | jichō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 自重する | じちょうする | jichō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 自重すれ | じちょうすれ | jichō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 自重せよ¹ 自重しろ² | じちょうせよ¹ じちょうしろ² | jichō seyo¹ jichō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 自重される | じちょうされる | jichō sareru |
| Causative | 自重させる 自重さす | じちょうさせる じちょうさす | jichō saseru jichō sasu |
| Potential | 自重できる | じちょうできる | jichō dekiru |
| Volitional | 自重しよう | じちょうしよう | jichō shiyō |
| Negative | 自重しない | じちょうしない | jichō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 自重せず | じちょうせず | jichō sezu |
| Formal | 自重します | じちょうします | jichō shimasu |
| Perfective | 自重した | じちょうした | jichō shita |
| Conjunctive | 自重して | じちょうして | jichō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 自重すれば | じちょうすれば | jichō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 自 | 重 |

### Noun

自重 • (jajung) (hangeul 자중)
* hanja form of 자중

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 自 | 重 |

### Noun

自重
* chữ Hán form of tự trọng (“self-respect”).

### Adjective

自重
* chữ Hán form of tự trọng (“self-respecting”).