OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# free state
## English
### Etymology

From free +‎ state, probably a calque of German Freistaat.

### Noun

free state (plural free states)
* A political entity whose political status is less than that of a fully sovereign nation-state, as with the former Congo Free State and the former Irish Free State.
* A Federal state, with allegiance to a larger entity, as currently with Germany, and earlier, the relationship between the states of the Holy Roman Empire and the Emperor, and later, the states of the German Empire under the Hohenzollerns.
* An independent or autonomous political entity whose formal status and relationship to other states is undefined.
* A republic or commonwealth, as with the former Orange Free State, and especially as used for the current United Kingdom to refer to the Commonwealth period under Cromwell.
* (engineering) A condition of not being supported or constrained by outside forces.
    The steel ring is required by the engineering drawing to have roundness within .25mm TIR while in the free state. Its diameters may be measured in the constrained state while the part is still chucked or fixtured.
* (US, historical) Before the American Civil War, any of the states in which the owning of slaves was not legal.
* (grammar) A noun form in Afroasiatic languages contrasting with the construct state by the noun not being dependent (more commonly called absolute state, or indeterminate state if the specific language contrasts a determinate state with the construct state).

#### Derived terms

* Free State
* Free State of Jones
* Free-Stater
# مدني
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of مَدِينَة (madīna, “city”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.da.nijj/
* Rhymes: -ijj

### Adjective

مَدَنِيّ • (madaniyy) (feminine مَدَنِيَّة (madaniyya), masculine plural مَدَنِيُّونَ (madaniyyūna), feminine plural مَدَنِيَّات (madaniyyāt))
* urban
* civilized, refined
* civil, civic
* civilian
* Medinan

#### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “مدني”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

### Noun

مَدَنِيّ • (madaniyy) m (plural مَدَنِيُّونَ (madaniyyūna), feminine مَدَنِيَّة (madaniyya))
* urbanite, city dweller
* citizen
* civilian
    أَفَادَ مُرَاسِلُ ٱلْجَزِيرَةِ فِي حَلَبَ […] بِمَقْتَلِ 61 مَدَنِيًّا […]ʔafāda murāsilu l-jazīrati fī ḥalaba […] bi-maqtali 61 madaniyyan […]The Al-Jazeera correspondent in Aleppo […] informs us of the killing of 61 civilians […]
* Medinan

#### References

* ↑ “قصف مروع لحلب ودمار هائل لليوم الخامس”, in الجزيرة [Al Jazeera]‎, 2016 November 19
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “مدن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# 놀

| 놀 | U+B180, &#45440; HANGUL SYLLABLE NOL |
| Composition: | ㄴ + ㅗ + ㄹ |
| ← 녿 [U+B17F] | Hangul Syllables | 놁 → [U+B181] |
노녹녺녻논녽녾 녿놀놁놂놃놄놅 놆놇놈놉놊놋놌 농놎놏놐놑높놓 :
| 녜 ← | → 놔 |

## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nol⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [noɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [놀]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

놀 (nol)
* wave

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

놀 (nol)
* twilight

### References

* “놀” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology 1

First attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean 노을 (Yale: nwo.ul).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [no̞(ː)ɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [놀(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

놀 • (nol)
* (sunrise or sunset) glow, red sky (beginning and ending of daylight)
* (seamen's term for rough sea waves) billow
* (obsolete) roe deer

##### Alternative forms

* 노을 (no'eul): glow, red sky

##### Derived terms

* 아침놀 (achimnol): sunrise glow
* 저녁놀 (jeonyeongnol): sunset glow

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

놀 • (nol)
* future determiner of 놀다 (nolda, “to play”)
# 세상
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 시상 (sisang)

### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 세상 (sesang).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽sesaŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [sʰesʰa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [세상]

### Noun

세상 (sesang)
* world

### References

* “세상” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 世上, from 世 (“world”) + 上 (“upon”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈsʰe̞(ː)sʰa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [세(ː)상]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

세상 • (sesang) (hanja 世上)
* world
    난 이 세상 누구보다도 널 사랑해. (informal, non-polite style)Nan i sesang nugu-boda-do neol saranghae.I love you more than anybody else in the world.
    세상(을) 떠나다/뜨다/하직하다 ― sesang(-eul) tteonada/tteuda/hajikhada ― to leave this world (to die)

#### Synonyms

* 세계(世界) (segye)

#### Derived terms

* 세상에 (sesang'e)
# 덥다
## Jeju
### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 덥다 (deopda).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽təpta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [təp̚t͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [덥따]

### Adjective

덥다 (deopda)
* (to be) hot, warm

#### Synonyms

* ᄃᆞᆺᄃᆞᆺᄒᆞ다 (dawtdawthawda), ᄃᆞ스다 (dawseuda)

### References

* “덥다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 덥〯다〮 (Yale: těptá).
Possible cognates include Japanese 灯す (tomosu, “to light”) and Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“to be hot, warm”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈtɘ(ː)p̚t͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [덥(ː)따]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Adjective

덥다 • (deopda) (irregular, infinitive 더워, sequential 더우니)
* to be hot (of the weather or outside temperature)
    Antonym: 춥다 (chupda)
    날씨가 덥지 않아요?nalssiga deopji anayo?Isn't the weather hot?
* (dated) to be hot (of an object)
    Synonym: (used nowadays) 뜨겁다 (tteugeopda)

#### Conjugation
## Middle Korean
### Alternative forms

* 더ᇦ다 (Yale: teWta) (phonemic orthography)

### Adjective

덥〯다〮 (těptá)
* (to be) hot, warm
** 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 [Worin seokbo]:모〮미〮 겨ᅀᅳ〮렌 덥〯고〮 녀르〮멘 ᄎᆞ〮고〮mwóm-í kyèzúl-èyn těpkwó nyèlúm-èyn chókwóThe body is warm during the winter and cold during the summer, and...

#### Conjugation

Accentual class R! lenited-consonant stem :
| Declarative | Connective | Infinitive | Conditional |
| 덥〯다〮 (těptá) | 덥〯고〮 (těpkwó) | 더ᄫᅥ〮 (tèWé) | 더ᄫᅳ〮면〮 (tèWúmyén) |

#### Antonyms

* 칩〮다〮 (Yale: chíptá)

#### Descendants

* Jeju: 덥다 (deopda)
* Korean: 덥다 (deopda)
# 나이
## Jeju
### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 나이 (nai).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nai⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [na̠i]
* Phonetic hangul: [나이]

### Noun

나이 (nai)
* age of a person or other living thing

### References

* “나이” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 낳〮 (Yale: náh). Cognate with 나다 (nada), 낳다 (nata).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [na̠i]
* Phonetic hangul: [나이]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 나이의 / 나이에 / 나이까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch on both syllables, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.

### Noun

나이 • (nai)
* age of a person or other living thing
    Synonyms: 연령(年齡) (yeollyeong), (honorific) 연세(年歲) (yeonse)
# 냉장고
## Jeju
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 冷藏庫, likely borrowed directly from Korean 냉장고 (naengjanggo).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽næŋt͡ɕaŋko⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [næŋd͡ʑa̠ŋɡo] ~ [neŋd͡ʑa̠ŋɡo]
* Phonetic hangul: [냉장고/넹장고]

### Noun

냉장고 (naengjanggo)
* refrigerator, fridge
** 2020 December 27, 김신자 [gimsinja], “술 조ᄉᆞ 나왕 술푸데덜 ᄆᆞᆫ 심어가시민 좋구다 [sul josaw nawang sulpudedeol mawn simeogasimin jokuda]”, in 제주어는 보물이우다 42 [jejueoneun bomuriuda 42]‎, 제민일보 [jeminilbo]:냉장고 고망 고망에 술이 하영 ᄌᆞᆸ져젼 셔노난 세무서이서 술 조ᄉᆞ 나왕 술푸데덜 ᄆᆞᆫ 심어가불어시민 좋구다게.Naengjanggo gomang gomang-e sur-i hayeong jawpjeojeon syeononan semuseo-iseo sul josaw nawang sulpude-deol mawn simeogabureosimin jokudage.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### References

* “냉장고” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 冷藏庫, from 冷藏 (“refrigeration”) + 庫 (“depository”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈnɛ(ː)ŋd͡ʑa̠ŋɡo̞] ~ [ˈne̞(ː)ŋd͡ʑa̠ŋɡo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [냉(ː)장고/넹(ː)장고]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 냉장고(冷藏庫) (naengjanggo) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 랭장고(冷藏庫) (raengjanggo) |
냉장고 • (naengjanggo) (hanja 冷藏庫)
* refrigerator
    Synonym: (Yanbian) 삥샹 (ppingsyang)
    남은 음식은 냉장고에다 넣어 두었어.Nameun eumsig-eun naengjanggo-eda neo'eo dueosseo.I've put the leftovers in the fridge.
# 안개
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 안게 (an'ge), 앙개 (anggae)

### Etymology

From Middle Korean 안〯개〮 (ǎnkáy). Cognate to Korean 안개 (an'gae).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽ankæ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [a̠nɡæ] ~ [a̠nɡe]
* Phonetic hangul: [안개/안게]

### Noun

안개 (an'gae)
* fog, mist
    Synonyms: 마 (ma), 으남 (eunam)

### References

* “안개” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “안개”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon]‎, 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 586

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Neung'eomgyeong eonhae (楞嚴經諺解 / 능엄경언해), 1461, as Middle Korean 안〯개〮 (Yale: ǎnkáy).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈa̠(ː)nɡɛ] ~ [ˈa̠(ː)nɡe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [안(ː)개/안(ː)게]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

안개 • (an'gae)
* fog, mist

#### Derived terms

* 안개꽃 (an'gaekkot, “baby's breath”)
# 두께
## Jeju
### Etymology

Of native Jeju origin. Compare Korean 뚜껑 (ttukkeong).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽tuk͈e⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [tuk͈e]
* Phonetic hangul: [두께]

### Noun

두께 (dukke)
* lid

### References

* “두께” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 둗긔 (Yale: twutkuy). From the adjectival root twutk- (“thick”, whence Middle Korean 둗겁— (twutkep-), Korean 두껍— (dukkeop-)) + noun suffix —의 (-uy).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tuk͈e̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [두께]

### Noun

두께 • (dukke)
* thickness

#### Synonyms

* (North Korean) 두터이 (duteoi)
# 노릿노릿ᄒᆞ다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nolisnolishɒta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [noɾinnoɾitʰɒda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [노린노리ᄐᆞ다]

### Adjective

노릿노릿ᄒᆞ다 (norinnorithawda)
* (to be) gold; golden

#### Related terms

* 노랑ᄒᆞ다 (noranghawda, “yellow”)

### References

* “노릿노릿ᄒᆞ다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 영등ᄃᆞᆯ
## Jeju
### Etymology

From 영등 (yeongdeung) +‎ ᄃᆞᆯ (dawl, “month”).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽jəŋtɨŋtɒl⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [jəŋdɨŋdɒɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [영등ᄃᆞᆯ]

### Noun

영등ᄃᆞᆯ (yeongdeungdawl)
* February
    Synonym: 이월 (iwol)

### References

* “영등ᄃᆞᆯ” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# ᄃᆞᆫ물장의
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* ᄃᆞᆫ물장에 (dawnmuljang'e)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽tɒnmult͡ɕaŋɰi⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [tɒnmuʎd͡ʑa̠ŋɰi]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄃᆞᆫ물장의]

### Noun

ᄃᆞᆫ물장의 (dawnmuljang'ui)
* The Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica

### References

* “ᄃᆞᆫ물장의” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 나그네
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nakɨne⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [na̠ɡɨne]
* Phonetic hangul: [나그네]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Korean 나그〮내〮 (nàkúnáy). Cognate to Korean 나그네 (nageune)

#### Noun

나그네 (nageune)
* traveler

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

나그네 (nageune)
* (honorific) shaman, priest of the traditional religion
    Synonyms: 소님 (sonim), 심방 (simbang), 신의성방 (sinuiseongbang), 무당 (mudang), 하대 (hadae)

### References

* “나그네” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “나그네”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon]‎, 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 152

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 나그〮내〮 (Yale: nàkúnáy), but the form 나ᄀᆞ〮내〮 (Yale: nàkónáy), which abides to Middle Korean vowel harmony and is thus probably older, is attested just three years later.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [na̠ɡɯne̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [나그네]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 나그네의 / 나그네에 / 나그네까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch on the second syllable, and lowers the pitch of subsequent suffixes.

### Noun

나그네 • (nageune)
* (literary) voyager, traveler, wanderer, roamer, strider
* (Namhae Gyeongsang, humble) husband
    Synonym: 심방 (simbang)
* (Russia, honorific) customer
    Synonym: 손님 (sonnim)
# 더듸다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽tətɰita⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [tədida̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [더디다]

### Adjective

더듸다 (deoduida)
* to be slow

### References

* “더듸다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 간ᄊᆞᆷ
## Jeju
### Etymology

Of native Jeju origin.

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kans͈ɒm⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ka̠ns͈ɒm]
* Phonetic hangul: [간ᄊᆞᆷ]

### Noun

간ᄊᆞᆷ (ganssawm)
* (anatomy) The diaphragm.

### References

* “간ᄊᆞᆷ” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 지프다
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 지끄다 (jikkeuda)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽t͡ɕipʰɨta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [t͡ɕipʰɨda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [지프다]

### Adjective

지프다 (jipeuda)
* To be deep

### References

* “지프다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 나끄다
## Jeju
### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 낚다 (nakda).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nak͈ɨta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [na̠k͈ɨda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [나끄다]

### Noun

나끄다 (nakkeuda)
* to fish

### References

* “나끄다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 통쒜
## Jeju
### Etymology

From 통 (tong) +‎ 쒜 (sswe).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽tʰoŋs͈we⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [tʰoŋs͈we]
* Phonetic hangul: [통쒜]

### Noun

통쒜 (tongsswe)
* lock, padlock
    Synonym: 집간 (jipgan)

#### Antonyms

* 열쒜 (yeolsswe, “key”)

### References

* “통쒜” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# ᄀᆞ로쓰기
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kɒlos͈ɨki⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kɒɾos͈ɨɡi]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄀᆞ로쓰기]

### Noun

ᄀᆞ로쓰기 (gawrosseugi)
* horizontal writing

### References

* “ᄀᆞ로쓰기” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# ᄀᆞ득
## Jeju
### Etymology

Cognate to Korean 가득 (gadeuk).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kɒtɨk⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kɒdɨk̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄀᆞ득]

### Adverb

ᄀᆞ득 (gawdeuk)
* full; fully

#### Derived terms

* ᄀᆞ득다 (gawdeukda)

### References

* “ᄀᆞ득” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 과랑과랑
## Jeju
### Etymology

Reduplication of 과랑 (gwarang).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kwalaŋkwalaŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kwaɾa̠ŋɡwaɾa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [과랑과랑]

### Adverb

과랑과랑 (gwaranggwarang)
* blazingly

### References

* “과랑과랑” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 모시딱
## Jeju
### Etymology

Of native Jeju origin.

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽mosit͈ak⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [moɕʰit͈a̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [모시딱]

### Adverb

모시딱 (mosittak)
* altogether

### References

* “모시딱” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 동공아ᄃᆞᆯ
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 동공아덜 (donggong'adeol)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽toŋkoŋatɒl⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [toŋɡoŋa̠dɒɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [동공아ᄃᆞᆯ]

### Noun

동공아ᄃᆞᆯ (donggong'adawl)
* beloved son

### References

* “동공아ᄃᆞᆯ” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 제우
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽t͡ɕeu⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [t͡ɕeu]
* Phonetic hangul: [제우]

### Adverb

제우 (je'u)
* barely

### References

* “제우” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

Cognate with 겨우 (gyeou). Compare dialectal 재우 (jae'u), 제오 (je'o).

### Adverb

제우 • (je'u)
* (Gyeongsang, Gangwon, Jeolla dialect, Chungcheong, Hamgyong) Dialectal form of 겨우 (gyeou, “barely, with difficulty”)
    Synonym: 재우 (jae'u)
** 2009 February 27, 유재헌 [yujaeheon], “농부 말을 듣고 정치 잘한 이태조 [nongbu mareul deutgo jeongchi jalhan itaejo]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎, 강원도 평창군 진부면 [gang'wondo pyeongchanggun jinbumyeon]:힘이 제워서 제우 가는 소를, 약하다고 하면 더 듣기 나쁘니, 그러지 말라고.Him-i jewoseo je'u ga-neun so-reul, yakhada-go ha-myeon deo deutgi nappeuni, geureoji malla-go.If you say that the cow that is overwhelmed and can barely move is weak, it might hear you and take offense so don't say that.
# ᄏᆞᆷᄏᆞᆷᄒᆞ다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kʰɒmkʰɒmhɒta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kʰɒmkʰɒmɦɒda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄏᆞᆷᄏᆞᆷᄒᆞ다]

### Adjective

ᄏᆞᆷᄏᆞᆷᄒᆞ다 (kawmkawmhawda)
* pitch-dark
    Synonym: 왁왁ᄒᆞ다 (wagwakhawda)

### References

* “ᄏᆞᆷᄏᆞᆷᄒᆞ다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 얼망얼망
## Jeju
### Etymology

Reduplication of 얼망 (eolmang).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽əlmaŋəlmaŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [əɭma̠ŋəɭma̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [얼망얼망]

### Adverb

얼망얼망 (eolmang'eolmang)
* flickeringly
* waveringly

#### Synonyms

* 얼뭇얼뭇 (eolmudeolmut)

### References

* “얼망얼망” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 엥그리다
## Jeju
### Etymology

Of native Jeju origin.

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽eŋkɨlita⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [eŋɡɨɾida̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [엥그리다]

### Verb

엥그리다 (enggeurida)
* to scribble

### References

* “엥그리다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 가끄다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kak͈ɨta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ka̠k͈ɨda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [가끄다]

### Verb

가끄다 (gakkeuda)
* to crop
* to cut
* to sharpen
* to shave
* to shear

#### Alternative forms

* (ablaut form): 거끄다 (geokkeuda)

#### Synonyms

* 가끼다 (gakkida)

### References

* “가끄다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 거끄다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kək͈ɨta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kək͈ɨda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [거끄다]

### Verb

거끄다 (geokkeuda)
* to break

### References

* “거끄다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 지쁘다
## Jeju
### Etymology

From Middle Korean 깃브다〮 (kìspùtá). Cognate with Korean 기쁘다 (gippeuda).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽t͡ɕip͈ɨta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [t͡ɕip͈ɨda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [지쁘다]

### Adjective

지쁘다 (jippeuda)
* (to be) glad

### Verb

지쁘다 (jippeuda)
* to rejoice

#### Synonyms

* 반갑다 (ban'gapda)

### References

* “지쁘다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “지쁘다”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 782
# 훍다
## Jeju
### Etymology

From Middle Korean 굵〯다〮 (kwǔlktá). Cognate to Korean 굵다 (gukda).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽hulkta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ɸʷuk̚t͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [훅따]

### Adjective

훍다 (hukda)
* (to be) thick
    Synonym: 두껍다 (dukkeopda)

### References

* “훍다” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “훍다”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 890
# 일홈
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽ilhom⫽ ~ ⫽illom⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [iɾβom] ~ [iɭɭom]
* Phonetic hangul: [일홈/일롬]

### Noun

일홈 (ilhom)
* Alternative form of 일흠 (ilheum, “name”)

#### Alternative forms

* 일롬 (illom)

### References

* “일홈” in Jeju Dialect Dictionary, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.
* “일홈” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Middle Korean
### Etymology

Likely from unattested verb *잃다〮 (*ìlhtá, “to name”) +‎ 옴〮 (-wóm, “gerund-forming suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ìlhóm/

### Noun

일홈〮 (ìlhwóm)
* name

#### Alternative forms

* 일훔〮 (ìlhwúm)

#### Related terms

* 일ᄏᆞᆮ다〮 (ìlkhòttá, “to name”)

#### Descendants

* Jeju: 일흠 (ilheum)
* Korean: 이름 (ireum)
# 덤불
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 덤벌 (deombeol)
* (Seohong, Kimnyeong, Josu) 더월 (deowol)

### Etymology

From Middle Korean 덤블 (tempul). Cognate to Korean 덤불 (deombul)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽təmpul⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [təmbuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [덤불]

### Noun

덤불 (deombul)
* bush, thicket

### References

* “덤불” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “덤불”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon]‎, 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 242

## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tʌ̹mbuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [덤불]

### Noun

덤불 • (deombul)
* bush, thicket
    덤불이 들어찬 수풀 ― deombur-i deureochan supul ― a forest full of undergrowth
# 바농
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 바늘 (baneul)

### Etymology

Cognate to Korean 바늘 (baneul).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽panoŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [pa̠noŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [바농]

### Noun

바농 (banong)
* needle

### References

* “바농” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “바농”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 413
# 게염지
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 개염지 (gaeyeomji), 개엄지 (gaeeomji), 거염지 (geoyeomji), 게미 (gemi), 게에미 (geemi), 게여미 (geyeomi), 개여미 (gaeyeomi), 게예미 (geyemi), 거여미 (geoyeomi)

### Etymology

From Middle Korean 개야미〮 (kàyyàmí). Cognate to Korean 개미 (gaemi)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kejəmt͡ɕi⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kejəmd͡ʑi]
* Phonetic hangul: [게염지]

### Noun

게염지 (geyeomji)
* ant

#### Derived terms

* 붉은게염지 (bulgeun'geyeomji)

### References

* “게염지” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “게염지”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 57
# 모통이
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 모퉁이 (motung'i), 모토이 (motoi)

### Etymology

Derived from Middle Korean 뫃 (mwoh). Cognate to Korean 모퉁이 (motung'i).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽motʰoŋi⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [motʰoŋi]
* Phonetic hangul: [모통이]

### Noun

모통이 (motong'i)
* corner
    Synonyms: 귀타리 (gwitari), 클렝이 (keulleng'i), 모사리 (mosari)

### References

* “모통이” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
# 밋
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽mis⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [mit̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [믿]

### Etymology 1

Middle Korean 밑 (mìth). Cognate to Korean 밑 (mit)

#### Noun

밋 (mit)
* bottom
    Synonyms: 바닥 (badak), 알 (al), 깍 (kkak), 굽 (gup)

##### Alternative forms

* 밑 (mit)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Korean 믿겨집 (mitkyecip).

#### Noun

밋 (mit)
* legal wife

##### References

* “밋” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “밋”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon], 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, pages 399-340
# ᄆᆞᆮ이
## Jeju
### Etymology

From Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆮ (mot). Cognate to Korean 맏이 (maji).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽mɒt͡ɕi⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [mɒd͡ʑi]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄆᆞ지]

### Noun

ᄆᆞᆮ이 (mawji)
* firstborn, eldest child
* age difference between siblings

### References

* “ᄆᆞᆮ이” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.
* 제주문화예술재단 [jejumunhwayesuljaedan] (2009) “ᄆᆞᆮ이”, in 개정증보 제주어사전 [gaejeongjeungbo jejueosajeon]‎, 제주특별자치도 [jejuteukbyeoljachido], →ISBN, page 402
# ᄒᆞᆼ상
## Jeju
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 恒常.

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽hɒŋsaŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [hɒŋsʰa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄒᆞᆼ상]

### Adverb

ᄒᆞᆼ상 (hawngsang)
* always

### References

* 제주문화예술재단 [jejumunhwayesuljaedan] (2009) “ᄒᆞᆼ상”, in 개정증보 제주어사전 [gaejeongjeungbo jejueosajeon]‎, 제주특별자치도 [jejuteukbyeoljachido], →ISBN, page 900
* “ᄒᆞᆼ상” in Jeju Dialect Dictionary, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province.