# 寐

| 寐 | U+5BD0, &#23504; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BD0 |
| ← 寏 [U+5BCF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寑 → [U+5BD1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

寐 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十女一木 (JVMD), four-corner 3029$_5$, composition ⿱宀⿰爿未)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 289, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7236
* Dae Jaweon: page 572, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 944, character 12
* Unihan data for U+5BD0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 寐 | *mids |
| 魅 | *mrɯds |
| 鬽 | *mrɯds |
| 昧 | *mɯːds |
| 妹 | *mɯːds |
| 眛 | *maːds, *mɯːds |
| 沬 | *maːds, *hmɯːds, *mɯds |
| 未 | *mɯds |
| 味 | *mɯds |
| 鮇 | *mɯds |
| 菋 | *mɯds |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mids): abbreviated semantic 㝱 (“dream”) + phonetic 未 (OC *mɯds).
Original form may have been an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 宀 (“house”) + 爿 (“bed”) + 人 (“person”) – a person sleeping on a bed in a room. Compare ancient forms of 夢.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/s-mwəj (“to sleep; to dream”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྨི་བ (rmi ba, “to dream”), Tibetan རྨི་ལམ (rmi lam, “dream”), Burmese မွေ့ (mwe., “to enjoy sleep”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mèi (mei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mei$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mi
    (Hailu, HRS): mi$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): mê
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bi$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bī / mī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): muê$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mèi
*** Wade–Giles: mei$^4$
*** Yale: mèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mey
*** Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /meɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mei$^6$
*** Yale: meih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mei$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: méi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mei̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mi
*** Hakka Romanization System: mi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /mi⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: mi$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /mi³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mê
*** Sinological IPA : /mɛi²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bi$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bī
*** Sinological IPA : /pi²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bī
*** Tâi-lô: bī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bi
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /bi³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bi⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bi²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mī
*** Tâi-lô: mī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /mĩ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: muê$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: muĕ
*** Sinological IPA : /mue³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: mjijH
Rime :
| Character | 寐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 彌二切 |
| Baxter | mjijH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /miɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mjɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /mi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /mi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mei$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mi[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mids/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 寐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mjij$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mi[t]-s/ |
| English | sleep |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 寐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12910 |
| Phonetic component | 未 |
| Rime group | 至 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寐 |
| Old Chinese | /*mids/ |

### Definitions

寐
* (literary) to sleep
    Antonym: 寤 (wù)
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Wú wén zhī, xǐ ér bù mèi. [Pinyin]
    When I heard of it, I was so glad that I could not sleep.
* (archaic, euphemistic) to die
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 臥, 寐, 寢, 眠, 睡, 就寢, 寢息 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 睡覺, 睡眠, 就寢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 睡覺, 睡, 歇覺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 睡覺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 睡覺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 睡覺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 睡覺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 睡覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 睏覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 睏覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 睏覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 睏覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 睏覺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 睡覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 睏覺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 睏覺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 睡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 睡 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 睡覺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 呼啷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 睡瞌睡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 睡瞌睡, 睡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 睡瞌睡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 睡覺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 睡覺, 上蘇州 slang |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 睏 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瞓覺, 瞓, 見周公 humorous, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish, 瞓記 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 瞓覺, 瞓, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish, 瞓覺覺 childish, 豬豬 childish |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 睡目 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 瞓, 睡 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 瞇覺 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 瞓覺, 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 瞓覺, 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Zhanjiang | 瞓覺, 曬鋪 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 睡覺, 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 睡覺 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 閉眼 |
| Cantonese | Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) | 閉眼 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 瞓覺, 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 瞓覺 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 睡覺 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 睡目, 睡 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 睡目, 睡 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 睡目, 睡覺 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 瞓 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 瞓, 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 瞓覺 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 睡覺 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 睡覺 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 睡 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 睡覺 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 睡眼 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 睡眼 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Changting | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 歇 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 歇眼, 打席 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 歇眼 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 歇, 睡 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 歇覺 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 睡目, 睡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 睡目, 睡 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 睡目, 睡 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 睡覺 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 睡目 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 睡目 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 睡 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 睏 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 睏 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 睏 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 睏 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 睏 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 睡覺, 睡 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 睡覺 |
| Jin | Linhe | 睡覺 |
| Jin | Jining | 睡覺 |
| Jin | Baotou | 睡覺 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 睡覺 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 睡覺 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 眠䁒 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 目䁒 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 瞌眠 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 睏, 睏眠 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 睏 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 睏眠 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 睏 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 睏覺 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Houzhai) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Nan'ao (Yun'ao) | 睏 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 夗, 死瞌 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 睏, 夗 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 瞌, 瞌覺, 睏, 歇 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 瞌, 偃瞌 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 瞌, 偃瞌 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 瞌, 偃瞌 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 瞌 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 睏 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 睏 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 倒眠 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 瞇 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 瞇, 瞇覺 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 眠 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 眠 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 眠 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 眠 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 眠 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 眠 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 睏 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 睏覺, 睏, 到崑山去 slang |
| Wu | Wuxi | 睏覺 |
| Wu | Danyang | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 睏 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 睏褥, 睏 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 睏覺, 睏, 睡覺 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 睏覺, 睏 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 睏眼閉, 睏覺 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 睡覺 |

### Compounds

* 不寐
* 假寐 (jiǎmèi)
* 入寐
* 夕寐宵興 / 夕寐宵兴
* 夙興夜寐 / 夙兴夜寐 (sùxīngyèmèi)
* 夢寐 / 梦寐 (mèngmèi)
* 夢寐以求 / 梦寐以求 (mèngmèiyǐqiú)
* 失寐
* 安寐
* 宵寐
* 寐寐
* 寐寤
* 寐息
* 寐覺 / 寐觉
* 寐語 / 寐语
* 寐魘 / 寐魇
* 寐魚 / 寐鱼
* 寢不成寐 / 寝不成寐
* 寢不聊寐 / 寝不聊寐
* 寢不能寐 / 寝不能寐
* 寢寐 / 寝寐
* 寤寐 (wùmèi)
* 寤寐以求
* 常寐
* 恍如夢寐 / 恍如梦寐
* 成寐 (chéngmèi)
* 晨興夜寐 / 晨兴夜寐
* 潛寐 / 潜寐
* 無寐 / 无寐
* 熟寐
* 監寐 / 监寐
* 盹寐
* 睡寐 (shuìmèi)
* 蚤興夜寐 / 蚤兴夜寐
* 託寐 / 托寐
* 謎寐 / 谜寐
* 輾轉不寐 / 辗转不寐
* 遐寐
* 鑑寐 / 鉴寐
* 長寐 / 长寐
* 靖寐
* 魘寐 / 魇寐

### References

* “寐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: み (mi)
* Kan-on: び (bi)
* Kun: いぬ (inu, 寐ぬ)、ねる (neru, 寐る)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 寐
* ぬ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 寐 – see the following entry. :
| 【寝ぬ】S | [verb] (archaic) to sleep |
(This term, 寐, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

寐 • (mae) (hangeul 매, revised mae, McCune–Reischauer mae)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

寐: Hán Nôm readings: mị
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.