# 豫

| 豫 | U+8C6B, &#35947; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C6B |
| ← 豪 [U+8C6A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 豬 → [U+8C6C] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 予 |
| Simplified | 豫 |
| Traditional | 豫 |

### Han character

豫 (Kangxi radical 152, 豕+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓弓日人 (NNNAO), four-corner 1723$_2$, composition ⿰予象)

#### Derived characters

* 𤂻, 櫲, 𫡡, 𫮻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1197, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36425
* Dae Jaweon: page 1659, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3617, character 7
* Unihan data for U+8C6B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 豫
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 野 | *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ |
| 壄 | *laːʔ |
| 序 | *ljaʔ |
| 抒 | *ljaʔ, *hlja, *ɦljaʔ |
| 芧 | *l'aʔ |
| 杼 | *l'aʔ, *ɦljaʔ |
| 墅 | *ɦljaːʔ |
| 舒 | *hlja |
| 紓 | *hlja, *ɦljaʔ |
| 妤 | *la |
| 伃 | *la |
| 予 | *la, *laʔ |
| 預 | *las |
| 忬 | *las |
| 豫 | *las |
| 蕷 | *las |
| 澦 | *las |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yù (yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): īr / ū / ī
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yù
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$
*** Yale: yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^6$
*** Yale: yuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: y$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /y²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īr
*** Tâi-lô: īr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū
*** Tâi-lô: ū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: u
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /u³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /u²²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
*** Tâi-lô: ī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /i³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yu
*** MiniDict: yu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhy
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²³/
* Middle Chinese: yoH
Rime :
| Character | 豫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊洳切 |
| Baxter | yoH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*laʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*las/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 豫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yo$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*laʔ-s/ |
| English | go on inspection tour |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 豫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15742 |
| Phonetic component | 予 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 豫 |
| Old Chinese | /*las/ |

### Definitions

豫
* Used in 猶豫／犹豫 (yóuyù).
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) relaxed; comfortable; at ease
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) content and happy
* 16th hexagram of the I Ching
* Short for 河南 (Hénán).
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 預 / 预 (“to prevent, to take precautions”)
* (archaic) to speculate (to profit from artificially inflated prices); to manipulate the market; to engage in price gouging
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    (Zǐchǎn wéi xiàng) èrnián, shì bù yù jià. [Pinyin]
    Two years after Zichan became Chancellor, the markets were rid of price gouging.
    From: Huan Kuan (桓寬), editor, p. 73 BCE, Discourses on Salt and Iron (《鹽鐵論》).
    Shāng tōng wù ér bù yù, gōng zhì láo ér bù wěi. [Pinyin]
    Merchants made the goods flow and did not speculate; artisans commanded a firm income without resorting to cheating.

### Compounds

* 不豫 (bùyù)
* 冘豫
* 市不豫價 / 市不豫价
* 悅豫 / 悦豫
* 暇豫
* 桐生茂豫
* 毫不猶豫 / 毫不犹豫
* 泰豫
* 猶豫 / 犹豫 (yóuyù)
* 猶豫不決 / 犹豫不决 (yóuyùbùjué)
* 猶豫多疑 / 犹豫多疑
* 猶豫未決 / 犹豫未决
* 田豫儉素 / 田豫俭素
* 豐亨豫大 / 丰亨豫大
* 豫備 / 豫备 (yùbèi)
* 豫劇 / 豫剧 (yùjù)
* 豫州 (Yùzhōu)
* 豫怠
* 豫聞 / 豫闻
* 豫西山地
* 豫遊 / 豫游
* 豫防 (yùfáng)
* 豫附
* 豫章 (Yùzhāng)
* 逸豫 (yìyù)
* 遊豫 / 游豫 (yóuyù)

### References

* “豫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “豫”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 293.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 予 |
| Kyūjitai | 豫 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 予)
* In modern Japanese 予 is used instead.

#### Readings

* Go-on: よ (yo)
* Kan-on: よ (yo)
* On: しゃ (sha)、しょ (sho)、せ (se)
* Kun: あらかじめ (arakajime, 豫め)、かねて (kanete, 豫て)

## Korean
### Hanja

豫 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

豫: Hán Nôm readings: dự
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.