OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# scupper
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈskʌp.ə/
* (US) IPA: /ˈskʌp.ɚ/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌpə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

Uncertain. Perhaps from Middle English scope (“scoop”) or Dutch schop (“shovel”) +‎ -er; or from Dutch scheppen (“to draw off”).

#### Noun

scupper (plural scuppers)
* (nautical) A drainage hole on the deck of a ship.
* (architecture) A similar opening in a wall or parapet that allows water to drain from a roof.
** 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 111:I have said that our roof was decidedly Biblical in style; but to make it a dry one, something of a nautical character was added to its architecture, for on either side were scuppers, and it was slightly arched in the centre[.]

##### Derived terms

* scupper hole
* scupper hose
* scupper nail
* scupper plug

##### Further reading

* scupper on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Etymology 2

Of unknown origin; possibly verbized form of Etymology 1, but this is unlikely.

#### Verb

scupper (third-person singular simple present scuppers, present participle scuppering, simple past and past participle scuppered)
* (transitive, UK) To thwart or destroy, especially something belonging or pertaining to another.
    Coordinate term: scuttle
    The bad media coverage scuppered his chances of being elected.
** 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:["]The only chance was to get the guns and try a rescue. Of course they may scupper them at once in revenge.["]
** 2002 July 2, Hugo Young, “We can't allow US tantrums to scupper global justice”, in The Guardian‎:This is the face of American exceptionalism […] threatening to scupper both the court and, failing that, UN peace-keeping operations in Bosnia and anywhere else the US might have forces deployed on such work.
** 2019 October 19, Robert Kitson, “England into World Cup semi-finals after bruising victory over Australia”, in The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media:Anthony Watson’s late interception and Owen Farrell’s 100% kicking contribution also helped scupper the Wallabies, despite the promise of their exciting new centre Jordan Petaia and the roadrunner pace of winger Marika Koroibete.
** 2020 May 20, John Crosse, “Soon to be gone... but never forgotten”, in RAIL, page 62:Pacers should have all been withdrawn by now, but that has been scuppered by a failure to deliver new trains on time and delays to infrastructure projects. The most high-profile withdrawals were to be Northern's Class 142s and '144s' (the latter by the end of 2018, and the '142s' by the end of last year).

##### Translations
### References

* “scupper”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Anagrams

* cuppers
# పడకకుర్చీ
## Telugu
### Etymology

From పడక (paḍaka) +‎ కుర్చీ (kurcī).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paɖakakuɾt͡ɕiː/, [paɖakakuɾt͡ʃiː]

### Noun

పడకకుర్చీ • (paḍakakurcī) ? (plural పడకకుర్చీలు)
* chair used in a reclining position for the purpose of sleeping
# عاصفة
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the feminine form of the active participle of the verb عَصَفَ (ʕaṣafa), from the root ع ص ف (ʕ ṣ f).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaː.sˤi.fa/

### Noun

عَاصِفَة • (ʕāṣifa) f (plural عَواصِف (ʕawāṣif))
* storm
    عَاصِفَة رَعْدِيَّة ― ʿāṣifa raʿdiyya ― thunderstorm

#### Declension
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَاصِفَة (ʕāṣifa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʕaːsˤ.fa/

### Noun

عاصفة • (ʕāṣfa) f (plural عواصف (ʕawāṣif))
* storm

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَاصِفَة (ʕāṣifa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaːsˤ.fe/, [ˈʕɑːsˤ.fe]
* IPA: /ʕaːsˤ.fa/, [ˈʕɑːsˤ.fa]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

عاصفة • (ʕāṣfe) f (plural عواصف (ʕawāṣef))
* storm
    Synonym: زوبعة (zōbaʕa)

#### Derived terms

* عاصفة رمل (ʕāṣfet raml, “sandstorm”)
* عاصفة تلج (ʕāṣfet talj, “snowstorm”)
# توأم
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* تَوْءَم (tawʔam)

### Etymology

Compare Classical Syriac ܬܐܡܐ (təʾāmā) and Hebrew תְּאוֹם (təʾôm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taw.ʔam/

### Noun

تَوْأَم • (tawʔam) m (plural تَوائِم (tawāʔim))
* one who was born of a multiple birth, i.e. a twin, triplet, quadruplet, etc.
    هٰذَا تَوْأَمِي. ― hāḏā tawʔamī. ― This is my twin.
* (sometimes proscribed) a pair of twins (two persons collectively)
    نَحْنُ تَوْأَم. ― naḥnu tawʔam. ― We are twins.

#### Descendants

* Maltese: tewmi
* Gulf Arabic: توم (tōm)
* Moroccan Arabic: توام (twām)
* South Levantine Arabic: توم (tōm)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَوْأَم (tawʔam).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [taw.ˈʔam]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäw.ʔǽm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäw.ʔǽm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wǽm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wǽm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰow.ʔǽm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäw.ʔǽm]

### Adjective

توأم • (tow'am)
* twin
    Synonym: دوقلو (doqolu)
* linked, together with

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “توأم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# تحرير
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of حَرَّرَ (ḥarrara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taħ.riːr/
* Rhymes: -iːr

### Noun

تَحْرِير • (taḥrīr) m
* verbal noun of حَرَّرَ (ḥarrara) (form II)
* liberation, release, emancipation
* redaction, editorship
    رَئِيس تَحْرِير ― raʔīs taḥrīr ― editor-in-chief

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: təhrir
* → Persian: تحریر
** → English: tahrir
* → Ottoman Turkish: تحریر (tahrir)
** → Turkish: tahrir
* → Uyghur: تەھرىر (tehrir)
* → Uzbek: tahrir
# باح
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baː.ħa/

### Verb

بَاحَ • (bāḥa) I (non-past يَبُوحُ (yabūḥu), verbal noun بَوْح (bawḥ))
* to reveal, to divulge, to disclose [with بِ (bi) ‘something’]
    بَاحَ بِأَسْرَارِهِ ― bāḥa biʔasrārihi ― He revealed his secrets.
    لَا تَبُحْ بِأَسْرَارِ ٱلشَّرِكَةِ.lā tabuḥ biʔasrāri š-šarikati.Do not reveal the company's secrets.

#### Conjugation
### References

* Freytag, Georg (1830) “باح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 170
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “باح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 273
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “باح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 98
# جزمة
## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish چزمه (çizme, “boot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡæzmæ]

### Noun

جزمة • (gázma) f (plural جزم (gízam) or جزمات (gazmā́t))
* shoes (a pair)
    انا عملت فى حياتى كل حاجة غلط ممكن تتخيلها الا انى ادوس على جزمة بيضة بتاعة واحد صاحبى.ána ʿamáltⁱ fi ḥayā́ti kullⁱ ḥā́ga ḡálaṭ múmkin titḵayyálha lla nn adū́s ʿála gázma bḗḍa bitā́ʿit wā́ḥid ṣáḥbiI have done every wrong thing in my life you could imagine, except for stepping on a friend's white shoes.
* (vulgar) associated with uncleanliness and impurity
    دا ابن كلب عايز الضرب بستين جزمةda bnⁱ kalbⁱ ʿayz iḍ-ḍarbⁱ b-sittī́n gázma.He is a son of a bitch and needs to be beaten with sixty shoes.
* (obsolete) boots (a pair)

#### Synonyms

* كوتش
* حذاء
* صرمة

#### Derived terms

* جزماتى
* جزمة باتيناچ
* جزمة برباط
* جزمة سوارية
* جزمجى

#### Descendants

* → Greek: γκάσμα (gkásma) (Egyptiot Dialect)

#### References

* Spiro, Socrates (1895) “جزمة”, in An Arabic-English Vocabulary of the Colloquial Arabic of Egypt, 1st edition, Cairo: Al-Mokattam Printing Office
* Hinds, Martin, Badawi, El-Said (1986) A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic‎, Beirut: Librairie du Liban

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish چزمه (çizme, “boot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒaz.ma/

### Noun

جزمة • (jazma) f (plural جزم (jizam) or جزمات (jazmāt))
* (a pair of) shoes
    Synonyms: (archaic) كندرة (kundara), (archaic) صرمة (ṣarma)
# ارتزق
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ir.ta.za.qa/

### Verb

اِرْتَزَقَ • (irtazaqa) VIII (non-past يَرْتَزِقُ (yartaziqu), verbal noun اِرْتِزَاق (irtizāq))
* to make a living [with مِنْ (min)]
    أَرْتَزِقُ مِنْ تِجَارَةٍ.ʔartaziqu min tijāratin.I make my living by trading.
# أجار
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔa.d͡ʒaː.ra/

#### Verb

أَجَارَ • (ʔajāra) IV (non-past يُجِيرُ (yujīru), verbal noun إِجَارَة (ʔijāra))
* to grant asylum, to give sanctuary
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 9:6:وَإِنۡ أَحَدࣱ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٱسۡتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرۡهُ […]waʔin ʔaḥadun mina l-mušrikīna stajāraka faʔajirhu […](please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to protect, to take under one’s wing
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 46:31:يَـٰقَوۡمَنَاۤ أَجِيبُوا۟ دَاعِيَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَامِنُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَغۡفِرۡ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمۡ وَيُجِرۡكُم مِّنۡ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمࣲyāqawmanā ʔajībū dāʕiya l-lahi waʔāminū bihī yaḡfir lakum min ḏunūbikum wayujirkum min ʕaḏābin ʔalīmin(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to stand by someone

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

أجار (form III)
* أُجَارُّ (ʔujārru) /ʔu.d͡ʒaːr.ru/: first-person singular non-past active/passive indicative of جَارَّ (jārra)
* أُجَارَّ (ʔujārra) /ʔu.d͡ʒaːr.ra/: first-person singular non-past active/passive subjunctive/jussive of جَارَّ (jārra)
* أُجَارِّ (ʔujārri) /ʔu.d͡ʒaːr.ri/: first-person singular non-past active/passive jussive of جَارَّ (jārra)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic إِيجَار (ʔījār).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔa.ʒaːr/, [ʔɑˈʒɑːrˤ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

أجار • (ʔajār) m
* rent
    قديش الأجار؟ ― ʔaddēš il-ʔajār? ― How much is the rent?
# التقى
## Arabic
### Verb

اِلْتَقَى • (iltaqā) VIII (non-past يَلْتَقِي (yaltaqī), verbal noun اِلْتِقَاء (iltiqāʔ))
* (reciprocal, intransitive) to meet (each other), to meet up
* (transitive or intransitive) to meet, to encounter [with accusative or بِ (bi) ‘someone/something’]

#### Descendants

* Maltese: ltaqa’

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic اِلْتَقَى (iltaqā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /il.ta.ʔa/, [ɪlˈta.ʔa]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

التقى • (iltaʔa) VIII (present بلتقي (biltʔi))
* to meet, to meet up
    يلا نلتقي بكرا. ― yalla niltaʔi bukra ― Let's meet up tomorrow.
# طبنجة
## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish طبانجه (tabanca, “pistol”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tˤɑˈbɑnɡɑ]

### Noun

طبنجة • (ṭabanga) f (plural طبنجات (ṭabangāt))
* pistol, revolver, handgun
    كان شايل طبنجة باينة في حزامه.kān šāyil ṭabanga bayna fi ḥizāmuHe was visibly carrying a handgun on his belt.

#### Synonyms

* مسدس (musaddas)
* فرد (fard)
* غدارة (ġaddāra)
* مدفع (madfaʕ)
* بندقية (bunduʔiyya)
* ششخانة (šišḵāna)
* رشاشة (raššāša)

## North Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish طبانجه (tabanca, “pistol”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤabanʒe/

### Noun

طبنجة • (ṭabanje) f (plural طبنجات (ṭabanjāt))
* old rifle
# حضر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

حَضَرَ • (ḥaḍara) I (non-past يَحْضُرُ (yaḥḍuru), verbal noun حُضُور (ḥuḍūr))
* to be present, to attend

##### Antonyms

* غَابَ (ḡāba)

#### Verb

حَضَرَ • (ḥaḍara) I (non-past يَحْضُرُ (yaḥḍuru), verbal noun حَضَارَة (ḥaḍāra))
* to be settled, to be sedentary

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

حَضَّرَ • (ḥaḍḍara) II (non-past يُحَضِّرُ (yuḥaḍḍiru), verbal noun تَحْضِير (taḥḍīr))
* to prepare, to make ready
    الأُمُّ تُحَضِّرُ وَجْبَةً لِأُسْرَتِهَا.al-ʔummu tuḥaḍḍiru wajbatan liʔusratihā.The mother prepares a meal for her family.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

حُضَّر • (ḥuḍḍar) m pl
* plural of حَاضِر (ḥāḍir)

### Etymology 4
#### Adjective

حُضَّر • (ḥuḍḍar) m pl
* masculine plural of حَاضِر (ḥāḍir)

## Hijazi Arabic
### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /ħa.dˤar/

#### Etymology 1

From Arabic حَضَرَ (ḥaḍara).

#### Verb

حضر • (ḥaḍar) I (non-past يِحْضُر (yiḥḍur))
* to attend, to be present
    Antonym: غاب (ḡab)

##### Conjugation
#### Etymology 2

From Arabic حَضَر (ḥaḍar).

#### Noun

حضر • (ḥaḍar) m (collective, singulative حَضَري f (ḥaḍari), plural حَضَرِيِّين (ḥaḍariyyīn))
* urban person
* townspeople, townsmen, urbanites
    Antonym: بَدو (badu)

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /ħadˤ.dˤar/

#### Etymology

From Arabic حَضَّرَ (ḥaḍḍara).

#### Verb

حَضِّر • (ḥaḍḍar) II (non-past يِحَضِّر (yiḥaḍḍir))
* to prepare
    Synonym: جَهَّز (jahhaz)

##### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic حَضَرَ (ḥaḍara).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħi.dˤir/, [ˈħi.dˤɪr]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

حضر • (ḥiḍir) I (present بحضر (biḥḍar))
* to attend, to be present
    Antonym: غاب (ḡab)
* to watch
    Synonym: شاهد (šāhad)
    مش لازم تحضر تلفزيون طول الوقت.miš lāzem tiḥḍar talfizyōn ṭūl il-waʔt.You shouldn't watch TV all the time.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Arabic حَضَّرَ (ḥaḍḍara).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħadˤ.dˤar/, [ˈħɑdˤ.dˤɑrˤ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

حضّر • (ḥaḍḍar) II (present بحضّر (biḥaḍḍer))
* to prepare
    Synonym: جهّز (jahhaz)
# قناة
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Aramaic קַנְיָא / ܩܢܝܐ (qanyā, “reed, cane, tube”), from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qa.naːh/

### Noun

قَنَاة • (qanāh) f (plural قَنَوَات (qanawāt))
* channel, canal
    قَنَاة السُّوَيْس ― qanāt as-suways ― The Suez Canal
* TV channel
    قَنَاة تِلِفِزْيُونِيَّة ― qanāh tilifizyūniyya ― television channel
* spear, lance
** Kerbala and Beyond: An Epic of Immortal Heroism p. 163 by Yasin T. al-Jibouri, quoting Bashir ibn Juthlim (61 AH/680 AD)
    يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ لَا مَقَامَ لَكُمْ بِهَا *** قُتِلَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَأَدْمُعِي مِدْرَارُ الْجِسْمُ مِنْهُ بِكَرْبَلَا مُضَرَّجُ*** وَالرَّأْسُ مِنْه عَلَى الْقَنَاةِ يُدَارُO people of Yathrib! May you never stay therein! *** Al-Husayn is killed, so my tears now rain His body is in Karbala’ covered with blood *** While his head is on a spear displayed.
    Synonym: رُمْح (rumḥ)

#### Derived terms

* قَنَّاء (qannāʔ, “lance-bearer”)

#### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: قناة (qanāt)
* Moroccan Arabic: قناة (qanāt)
* → Classical Persian: قنات (qanāt)
** → English: qanat

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Arabic قَنَاة (qanāh).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qa.naː/, [qɑˈnæː]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

قناة • (qanā, ʔanā) f (plural قناوات (qanāwāt))
* canal (for shipping or irrigation)
* river bed, channel
* channel (TV, radio etc.)
# نص
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nasˤsˤ/

### Noun

نَصّ • (naṣṣ) m (plural نُصُوص (nuṣūṣ))
* text, document
    Synonym: مَتْن (matn)

#### Declension
### Verb

نَصَّ • (naṣṣa) I (non-past يَنُصُّ (yanuṣṣu), verbal noun نَصّ (naṣṣ))
* to fix, to determine [with عَلَى (ʕalā)]
* to arrange, to stipulate [with عَلَى (ʕalā)]
** 2018 July 12, “الجيش السوري يدخل بلدة طفس ويرفع العلم السوري في مدينة درعا .. خريطة”, in Muraselon‎:وحدات من الجيش السوري دخلت الى مدينة طفس 10كم شمال غرب درعا وسط ترحيب من الأهالي بعد انضمام البلدة الى اتفاق المصالحة ،و الذي ينص على تسليم السلاح الثقيل والمتوسط ،نتيجة لضغط العملية العسكرية التي يقوم بها الجيش السوري في ريف درعا الغربي.Units of the Syrian army enter in to the city Ṭafas 10 km north of Darʿā amidst the welcoming population after the accession to the reconciliation agreement, which stipulates surrender of heavy and medium firearms, as a result of pressure from military activity which the Syrian army has under taken in the western surrounding area.

#### Conjugation
### References

* Corriente, Federico (2005) “نص”, in Diccionario avanzado árabe‎ (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Barcelona: Herder, page 1171

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نِصْف (niṣf).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

نص • (nuṣṣ) m
* half

#### Derived terms

* نُصّ نُصّ (nuṣṣ nuṣṣ)

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic نِصْف (niṣf).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnusˤsˤ/, [ˈnʊsˤ]

#### Noun

نص • (nuṣṣ) m (plural أنصاص (ʔanṣāṣ))
* half

### Etymology 2

From Arabic نَصّ (naṣṣ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnasˤsˤ/

#### Noun

نص • (naṣṣ) m (plural نُصوص (nuṣūṣ))
* script
* text

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic نِصْف (niṣf).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nusˤː/, /nisˤː/

#### Noun

نُصّ or نِصّ • (nuṣṣ or niṣṣ) m (plural نصاص (nṣāṣ) or نصوص (nṣūṣ) or نصوصة (nṣūṣa))
* half

### Etymology 2

From Arabic نَصّ (naṣṣ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nasˤː/

#### Noun

نص • (naṣṣ) m (plural نصوص (nuṣūṣ))
* script
* text

## North Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نِصْف (niṣf).

### Noun

نص • (nuṣṣ) m
* half

#### Derived terms

* نُصّ نُصّ (nuṣṣ nuṣṣ)
* ونص (w-nuṣṣ)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نِصْف (niṣf).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nusˤsˤ/, [nʊsˤ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

نصّ • (nuṣṣ) m (plural أنصاص (ʔanṣāṣ) or نصاص (nṣāṣ))
* half
* middle
    نصّ الليل ― noṣṣ il-lēl ― midnight
    Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### Derived terms

* نصّ نصّ (nuṣṣ nuṣṣ)
* نصّاني (nuṣṣāni, “middle”, adjective)
# سبح
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root س ب ح (s b ḥ). Cognate with Hebrew שבח (shibéakh, “to praise, to appreciate”) and Classical Syriac ܫܒܚ. Possibly related to Egyptian sbḥ (“to cry out, to scream”).

### Pronunciation

* Noun: IPA: /sabħ/
* Verb I: IPA: /sa.ba.ħa/
* Verb II: IPA: /sab.ba.ħa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

سَبْح • (sabḥ) m
* verbal noun of سَبَحَ (sabaḥa) (form I)
* praise, laudation

#### Declension
### Verb

سَبَحَ • (sabaḥa) I (non-past يَسْبَحُ (yasbaḥu), verbal noun سَبْح (sabḥ) or سِبَاحَة (sibāḥa))
* to be above
* to swim

#### Conjugation
### Verb

سَبَّحَ • (sabbaḥa) II (non-past يُسَبِّحُ (yusabbiḥu), verbal noun تَسْبِيح (tasbīḥ))
* to praise, to glorify

#### Conjugation
### References

* Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha (d. 1143 CE) أساس البلاغة للزمخشري
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “سبح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 275–276
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “سبح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1289
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “سبح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 457

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic سَبَحَ (sabaḥa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.baħ/, [ˈsa.baħ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

سبح • (sabaḥ) I (present بسبح (bisbaḥ))
* to swim
    الناس عم تسبح في البحر. ― in-nās ʔam tisbaḥ fi-l-baḥar ― People are swimming in the sea.
# طاع
## Arabic
### Verb

طَاعَ • (ṭāʕa) I (non-past يَطُوعُ (yaṭūʕu), verbal noun طَوْع (ṭawʕ) or طَاعَة (ṭāʕa))
* to obey
    الْمَوَظَّفُونَ فِي هَذِهِ الشَّرِكَةِ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَطِيعُوا التَّعْلِيمَاتِ.al-mawaẓẓafūna fī haḏihi š-šarikati yajibu ʔan yaṭīʕū t-taʕlīmāti.Employees in this company must obey the instructions.
# اشترك
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iʃ.ta.ra.ka/

### Verb

اِشْتَرَكَ • (ištaraka) VIII (non-past يَشْتَرِكُ (yaštariku), verbal noun اِشْتِرَاك (ištirāk)) (intransitive)
* to enter into partnership, to cooperate [with مَعَ (maʕa) ‘with someone’]
* to participate [with مَعَ (maʕa) ‘with someone’ and فِي (fī) ‘in something’]
* to share [with مَعَ (maʕa) ‘with someone’ and فِي (fī) ‘something’]
    الثَّقَافَةُ هِيَ مَجْمُوعَةُ ٱلْمَعْرِفَةِ وَٱلْقِيَمِ ٱلَّتِي يَشْتَرِكُ فِيهَا ٱلْمُجْتَمَعُ.aṯ-ṯaqāfatu hiya majmūʕatu l-maʕrifati wal-qiyami llatī yaštariku fīhā l-mujtamaʕu.Culture is the collection of knowledge and values shared by a society.
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 43:39:وَلَنْ يَنْفَعَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ إِذْ ظَلَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ فِي الْعَذَابِ مُشْتَرِكُونَwalan yanfaʕakumu l-yawma ʔiḏ ẓalamtum ʔannakum fī l-ʕaḏābi muštarikūna(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to collaborate, to contribute, to take part [with فِي (fī) ‘in something’]
* (intransitive) to subscribe [with فِي (fī) ‘to something’]
* (Coptic Christianity) to take communion

#### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic اِشْتَرَكَ (ištaraka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iʃ.ta.rak/, [ɪʃ.ˈta.rak]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

اشترك • (ištarak) VIII (present بشترك (bištrek), active participle مشترك (muštarek), passive participle مشترك (muštarak))
* to subscribe
    ما تنسو تشتركو بالقناة.mā tinsu tištirku bil-qanā.Don't forget to subscribe to the channel.
* to participate, to take part, to join in
    Synonym: شارك (šārak)
# صعق
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

صَعَقَ • (ṣaʕaqa) I (non-past يَصْعَقُ (yaṣʕaqu), verbal noun صَعْق (ṣaʕq))
* to strike with lightning, to shock
    صَعَقَهُ الْبَرْقُ ― ṣaʕaqahu al-barqu ― The lightning struck him.

##### Descendants

* Maltese: sagħaq

#### Verb

صَعِقَ • (ṣaʕiqa) I (non-past يَصْعَقُ (yaṣʕaqu), verbal noun صَعَق (ṣaʕaq) or صُعَاق (ṣuʕāq))
* to faint
* to fall dead
* to wither

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

صَعْق • (ṣaʕq) m
* verbal noun of صَعَقَ (ṣaʕaqa) (form I)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

صَعَق • (ṣaʕaq) m
* verbal noun of صَعِقَ (ṣaʕiqa) (form I)

##### Declension
### Etymology 4
#### Adjective

صَعِق • (ṣaʕiq) (feminine صَعِقَة (ṣaʕiqa), masculine plural صَعِقُونَ (ṣaʕiqūna), feminine plural صَعِقَات (ṣaʕiqāt))
* unconscious
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:143:فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلۡجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكࣰّا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقࣰاۚ فَلَمَّاۤ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَـٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَیۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِینَfalammā tajallā rabbuhu liljabali jaʕalahu dakkan waḵarra mūsā ṣaʕiqan falammā ʔafāqa qāla subḥānaka tubtu ʔilayka waʔanā ʔawwalu l-muʔminīna(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# قتلة
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qitlah/
* IPA: /qatlah/

### Noun

قِتْلَة • (qitla) f (plural قِتْلَات (qitlāt))
* manner of killing
    قَتَلَهُ شَرَّ قِتْلَةٍqatalahu šarra qitlatin(please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Declension
### Noun

قَتْلَة • (qatla) f (plural قَتَلَات (qatalāt))
* An instance of killing, a kill

#### Declension
### Noun

قَتَلَة • (qatala) m pl
* plural of قَاتِل (qātil)
# والد
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the active participle of وَلَدَ (walada, “to give birth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /waː.lid/

### Noun

وَالِد • (wālid) m (dual وَالِدَان (wālidān), plural وَالِدُون (wālidūn), feminine وَالِدَة (wālida))
* father
    Synonym: أَب (ʔab)
* parent
    وَالِدَانِ ― wālidāni ― (two) parents
* (in the plural) paternal relatives

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: valid
* → Ottoman Turkish: والد (vâlid)
* → Classical Persian: وَالِد (wālid)
** → Bengali: ওয়ালেদ (ōẇaled)
** → Gujarati: વાલિદ (vālid)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: वालिद (vālid)
    Urdu: والِد (vālid)
(via informal dual form وَالِدَيْن (wālidayn)):
* → Azerbaijani: valideyn
* → Ottoman Turkish: والدین (vâlideyn)
* → Classical Persian: وَالِدَیْن (wālidayn)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: वालिदैन (vālidain)
    Urdu: والِدَین (vālidain)
* → Uzbek: volidayn

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic وَالِد (wālid).

### Adjective

والد • (vâlid) (Arabic feminine singular and nonhuman plural والده)
* that begets, generates

### Noun

والد • (vâlid)
* a father
    Synonyms: بابا (baba), پدر (peder)

#### Related terms

* والده (vâlide)

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “والد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2124

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic وَالِد (wālid), from وَلَدَ (walada), from Proto-Semitic *walad-.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [wɑː.lið]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [wɑː.lɪd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [wɑː.lɪd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [wɑː.lɪd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [wɔː.lid̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [vɒː.led̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [vɔ.lid̪]

### Noun

والِد • (vâled)
* father

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: ওয়ালেদ (ōẇaled)
* → Gujarati: વાલિદ (vālid)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: वालिद (vālid)
    Urdu: والِد (vālid)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic وَالِد (wālid).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /waː.led/

### Noun

والد • (wāled) m (dual والدين (wālidēn), feminine والدة (wālde))
* (formal) father
    Synonym: أبو (ʔabu)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian وَالِد (wālid), from Arabic وَالِد (wālid).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʋɑː.lɪd̪/

### Noun

والِد • (vālid) m (feminine والدہ, Hindi spelling वालिद)
* father