# 酔う
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 酔
* よ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 醉う (kyūjitai)

### Etymology 1

/wepu/ → /wefu/ → /jefu/ → */jewu/ → */jowu/ → /jou/
Shift from classical verb 酔ふ (efu → eu), possibly parsed as jefu, itself from Old Japanese 酔ふ (wepu → wefu → eu).
Compare the development of 葉 (efu → yō, “leaf”, on-yomi or Chinese-derived reading).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よう [yóꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [jo̞ɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「酔う」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 酔う | よう | [yóꜜù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 酔え | よえ | [yóꜜè] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 酔われる | よわれる | [yòwáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 酔わせる | よわせる | [yòwáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 酔える | よえる | [yòéꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 酔おう | よおー | [yòóꜜò] |
| Negative | 酔わない | よわない | [yòwáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 酔わなかった | よわなかった | [yòwáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 酔います | よいます | [yòímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 酔った | よった | [yóꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 酔って | よって | [yóꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 酔えば | よえば | [yóꜜèbà] |

#### Verb

酔(よ)う • (you) intransitive godan (stem 酔(よ)い (yoi), past 酔(よ)った (yotta))
* to get drunk, become intoxicated or inebriated, fall under the influence of alcohol
    Synonyms: 酩酊する (meitei suru), 酔いが回る (yoi ga mawaru), 酔っ払う (yopparau)
    酒(さけ)に酔(よ)って暴(あば)れる
       sake ni yotte abareru
       to get drunk and become violent
* (figuratively) to become drunk or intoxicated (exhilarated) by something
    夜(や)景(けい)に酔(よ)う
       yakei ni you
       to get lost in the night scene
* to get motion sickness (as in carsick, airsick, seasick, etc.)
    乗(の)り物(もの)に酔(よ)う
       norimono ni you
       to get motion-sick on a vehicle
* to get addicted
    Synonym: 中毒する (chūdoku suru)
* (archaic) to get poisoned (from eating meat or fish)
    Synonym: 中毒する (chūdoku suru)
* (archaic) to get distracted by charm

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 酔わ | よわ | yowa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 酔い | よい | yoi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 酔う | よう | you |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 酔う | よう | you |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 酔え | よえ | yoe |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 酔え | よえ | yoe |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 酔われる | よわれる | yowareru |
| Causative | 酔わせる 酔わす | よわせる よわす | yowaseru yowasu |
| Potential | 酔える | よえる | yoeru |
| Volitional | 酔おう | よおう | yoō |
| Negative | 酔わない | よわない | yowanai |
| Negative continuative | 酔わず | よわず | yowazu |
| Formal | 酔います | よいます | yoimasu |
| Perfective | 酔った | よった | yotta |
| Conjunctive | 酔って | よって | yotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 酔えば | よえば | yoeba |

##### Derived terms

* 酔(よ)い (yoi)
* 酔(よ)い狂(ぐる)い (yoigurui)
* 酔(よ)い醒(ざ)まし (yoizamashi)
* 酔(よ)い醒(ざ)め, 酔(よ)い覚(ざ)め (yoizame)
* 酔(よ)い痴(し)れる (yoishireru)
* 酔(よ)い倒(だお)れ (yoidaore)
* 酔(よ)いたんぼ (yoitanbo)
* 酔(よ)い潰(つぶ)す (yoitsubusu)
* 酔(よ)い止(ど)め (yoidome)
* 酔(よ)っ払(ぱら)う (yopparau)

##### Proverbs

* 酒(さけ)の酔(よ)い本性(ほんしょう)違(たが)わず (sake no yoi honshō tagawazu)
* 酒(さけ)の酔(よ)い本性(ほんしょう)忘(わす)れず (sake no yoi honshō wasurezu)

#### See also

* 酒(さけ) (sake): alcoholic beverage
* 深酒(ふかざけ) (fukazake)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 酔
* え Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 醉う (kyūjitai)
Regular development of wepu. In the colloquial language, wepu developed into you, so eu is now only used in reading ancient texts.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞ɯ̟]

#### Verb

酔(え)う • (eu) intransitive godan (stem 酔(え)い (ei), past 酔(え)った (etta))
* Synonym of 酔う (you, “to get drunk”)

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 酔わ | えわ | ewa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 酔い | えい | ei |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 酔う | えう | eu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 酔う | えう | eu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 酔え | ええ | ee |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 酔え | ええ | ee |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 酔われる | えわれる | ewareru |
| Causative | 酔わせる 酔わす | えわせる えわす | ewaseru ewasu |
| Potential | 酔える | ええる | eeru |
| Volitional | 酔おう | えおう | eō |
| Negative | 酔わない | えわない | ewanai |
| Negative continuative | 酔わず | えわず | ewazu |
| Formal | 酔います | えいます | eimasu |
| Perfective | 酔った | えった | etta |
| Conjunctive | 酔って | えって | ette |
| Hypothetical conditional | 酔えば | ええば | eeba |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 酔は | ゑは | wefa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 酔ひ | ゑひ | wefi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 酔ふ | ゑふ | wefu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 酔ふ | ゑふ | wefu |
| Realis (已然形) | 酔へ | ゑへ | wefe |
| Imperative (命令形) | 酔へ | ゑへ | wefe |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 酔はず | ゑはず | wefazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 酔へど | ゑへど | wefedo |
| Causal conjunction | 酔へば | ゑへば | wefeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 酔はば | ゑはば | wefaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 酔ひき | ゑひき | wefiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 酔ひけり | ゑひけり | wefikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 酔ひつ | ゑひつ | wefitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 酔ひぬ | ゑひぬ | wefinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 酔へり 酔ひたり | ゑへり ゑひたり | weferi wefitari |
| Volitional | 酔はむ | ゑはむ | wefamu |

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN