# 弧

| 弧 | U+5F27, &#24359; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F27 |
| ← 弦 [U+5F26] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 弨 → [U+5F28] |

## Translingual
### Han character

弧 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+5 in Chinese, 弓+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹女人 (NHVO) or 弓竹戈人 (NHIO), four-corner 1223$_0$, composition ⿰弓瓜)

#### Derived characters

* 𥏩, 𥮰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 357, character 34
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9757
* Dae Jaweon: page 674, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 993, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5F27

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 瓜 | *kʷraː |
| 坬 | *kʷraːs |
| 窊 | *qʷraː, *qʷraːs |
| 畖 | *qʷraː |
| 搲 | *qʷraːs |
| 攨 | *qʷraːs |
| 孤 | *kʷaː |
| 苽 | *kʷaː |
| 胍 | *kʷaː |
| 泒 | *kʷaː |
| 呱 | *kʷaː |
| 觚 | *kʷaː |
| 柧 | *kʷaː |
| 罛 | *kʷaː |
| 軱 | *kʷaː |
| 菰 | *kʷaː |
| 箛 | *kʷaː |
| 狐 | *ɡʷaː |
| 弧 | *ɡʷlaː |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hú (hu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô͘ / ô͘
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$wu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hú
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hú
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^2$
*** Yale: hú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwu
*** Palladius: ху (xu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^4$
*** Yale: wùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘
*** Tâi-lô: hôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ¹³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ô͘
*** Tâi-lô: ôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɔ²⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$wu
*** MiniDict: wu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²³/
* Middle Chinese: hu
Rime :
| Character | 弧 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 戸吳切 |
| Baxter | hu |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣo/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣo/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤa/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷlaː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 弧 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hu › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ʷˁa/ |
| English | bow; bend, curved |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 弧 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4359 |
| Phonetic component | 瓜 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 胡 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷlaː/ |

### Definitions

弧
* wooden bow
* arc, crescent

### Compounds

* 優弧 / 优弧
* 共軛弧 / 共轭弧
* 劣弧
* 反射弧 (fǎnshèhú)
* 圓弧 / 圆弧 (yuánhú)
* 大括弧
* 島弧 / 岛弧 (dǎohú)
* 弧光 (húguāng)
* 弧光燈 / 弧光灯
* 弧光譜 / 弧光谱
* 弧帨齊輝 / 弧帨齐辉
* 弧度 (húdù)
* 弧形 (húxíng)
* 弧放電 / 弧放电
* 弧紋 / 弧纹
* 弧線 / 弧线 (húxiàn)
* 弧菌 (hújūn)
* 弧角
* 懸弧 / 悬弧
* 懸弧之慶 / 悬弧之庆
* 括弧 (kuòhú)
* 桃弧棘矢
* 桑弧蓬矢
* 蝥弧 (máohú)
* 設弧 / 设弧
* 霍亂弧菌 / 霍乱弧菌 (huòluàn hújūn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* arc

#### Readings

* Go-on: ご (go)
* Kan-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
* Kun: きゆみ (kiyumi, 弧)

#### Compounds

* 円弧(えんこ) (enko)
* 括弧(かっこ) (kakko)
* 共役弧(きょうやくこ) (kyōyakuko)
* 弧光(ここう) (kokō): arc light
* 弧状(こじょう) (kojō)
* 弧線(こせん) (kosen)
* 弧度(こど) (kodo): radian
* 桑弧(そうこ) (sōko)
* 直弧文(ちょっこもん) (chokkomon)
* 島弧(とうこ) (tōko)
* 電弧(でんこ) (denko): arc (electric discharge)
* 優弧(ゆうこ) (yūko)
* 琉球弧(りゅうきゅうこ) (ryūkyūko)
* 劣弧(れっこ) (rekko)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 弧
* こ Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 孤 (hu, “arc”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こ [kóꜜ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞]

### Noun

弧(こ) • (ko)
* arc

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

弧 • (ho) (hangeul 호, McCune–Reischauer ho, Yale ho)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

弧: Hán Nôm readings: hồ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation