# 泯

| 泯 | U+6CEF, &#27887; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CEF |
| ← 泮 [U+6CEE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 泰 → [U+6CF0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

泯 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水口女心 (ERVP), four-corner 3714$_7$, composition ⿰氵民)
* destroy, eliminate
* perish

#### Derived characters

* 𢛣

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 618, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17324
* Dae Jaweon: page 1013, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1596, character 3
* Unihan data for U+6CEF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 眠 | *miːn |
| 民 | *min |
| 泯 | *min, *minʔ |
| 怋 | *min, *mɯːn |
| 岷 | *mrin |
| 珉 | *mrin |
| 罠 | *mrin |
| 笢 | *mrin, *minʔ |
| 鈱 | *mrin |
| 抿 | *mrɯn, *mrɯn, *mrɯnʔ |
| 刡 | *minʔ |
| 敃 | *mrinʔ |
| 愍 | *mrinʔ |
| 暋 | *mrinʔ |
| 蟁 | *mɯn |

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǐn (min$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): man$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mín
    (Hailu, HRS): min$^ˊ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): mīng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ming$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bín
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
*** Wade–Giles: min$^3$
*** Yale: mǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
*** Palladius: минь (minʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /min²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: man$^5$
*** Yale: máhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: man$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: men$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mín
*** Hakka Romanization System: min$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: min$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /min³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: min$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /min²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mīng
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ming$^3$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mîng
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ming$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
*** Tâi-lô: bín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: mjin, mjinX
Rime :
| Character | 泯 | 泯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 彌鄰切 | 武盡切 |
| Baxter | mjin | mjinX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /miɪn/ | /miɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /min/ | /min$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mjen/ | /mjen$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /min/ | /min$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /miĕn/ | /miĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭĕn/ | /mĭĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯ĕn/ | /mi̯ĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mín | mǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | man$^4$ | man$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mi[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*min/, /*minʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 泯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mǐn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mjin › |
| Old Chinese | /*mi[n]/ |
| English | destroy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泯 | 泯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9131 | 9139 |
| Phonetic component | 民 | 民 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 民 | 泯 |
| Old Chinese | /*min/ | /*minʔ/ |

### Definitions

泯
* to destroy; to obliterate; to extinguish; to vanish

#### Compounds

* 不泯 (bùmǐn)
* 丹誠不泯 / 丹诚不泯
* 沒齒難泯 / 没齿难泯
* 泯沒 / 泯没
* 泯泯
* 泯滅 / 泯灭 (mǐnmiè)
* 泯然
* 泯然無跡 / 泯然无迹
* 泯然無際 / 泯然无际
* 泯絕 / 泯绝 (mǐnjué)
* 泯耳攢蹄 / 泯耳攒蹄
* 泯跡 / 泯迹
* 盛德不泯
* 眩泯
* 童心未泯 (tóngxīnwèimǐn)
* 至死不泯
* 良心未泯

### References

* “泯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “泯”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 158.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: みん (min)、めん (men)
* Kan-on: びん (bin)、べん (ben)
* Kun: ほろびる (horobiru, 泯びる)

## Korean
### Hanja

泯 (eum 민 (min))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

泯: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation