# 香港
## Chinese

* 香港 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 香港 (Cantonese)
* 香港 (Classical)
* 香港 (Gan)
* Hiông-kóng (Hakka)
* Hiŏng-gē̤ng (Eastern Min)
* Hiong-káng (Southern Min)
* 香港 (Wu)
* Hong Kong (English)

### Etymology

The name 香港 first appeared on a map in 粵大記 [1595] as a label for an island that seems to be Ap Lei Chau. In the two Gazetteer of Xin'an County (新安縣志) published in 1688 and 1819, 香港 was the name of a village (as 香港村). The village was likely located in Wong Chuk Hang in the south of Hong Kong Island as indicated by 19th-century maps.
18th-century western maps appear to render the name of Hong Kong Island as Fan Chin Chow (or its variants), which appears to be a Hakka romanization of 飯甑洲 (Kwok and Cheung, 2007). In the Treaty of Nanking signed in 1842, the name 香港 referred to the entire Hong Kong Island.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Xiānggǎng
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiang$^1$ kong$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Hiông-kóng
    (Hailu, HRS): hiong$^ˋ$ gong$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hiong$^1$ guong$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): Hióng-gǒ̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): Hiŏng-gē̤ng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hyong$^1$ gang$^3$ / hyeng$^1$ gang$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Hiong-káng / Hiang-káng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hiang$^1$ gang$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shian-kaon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Xiānggǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Sianggǎng
*** Wade–Giles: Hsiang$^1$-kang$^3$
*** Yale: Syāng-gǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shianggaang
*** Palladius: Сянган (Sjangan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$
*** Yale: hēung góng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hêng$^1$ gong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /høŋ²¹³ kɔŋ³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hiang$^1$ kong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiaŋ³³ kʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Hiông-kóng
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong$^ˊ$ gong$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hiong$^1$ gong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯oŋ²⁴ koŋ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong$^ˋ$ gong$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /hioŋ⁵³ koŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiong$^1$ guong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kuɔŋ³¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Hióng-gǒ̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /xiɔŋ⁵⁴ kɔŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Hiŏng-gē̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /hyoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(k-)}$ŋøyŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hyong$^1$ gang$^3$ [Phonetic: hyong$^5$ gang$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Hio̤ng-gâng
*** Sinological IPA : /hyɒŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hyeng$^1$ gang$^3$ [Phonetic: hyeng$^5$ gang$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /hyøŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ kaŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiong-káng
*** Tâi-lô: Hiong-káng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiongkarng
*** IPA (Singapore): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /hiɔŋ³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hiang-káng
*** Tâi-lô: Hiang-káng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiangkarng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Singapore): /hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴²/
*** IPA (Penang): /hiaŋ³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hiang$^1$ gang$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiang káng
*** Sinological IPA : /hiaŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shian-kaon
*** MiniDict: shian$^平$ kaon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xian-kaan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

### Proper noun

香港
* (～特別行政區) Hong Kong (a city and special administrative region of China)
* (～島) Hong Kong Island (an island in Hong Kong)
    From: 1925, Wen Yiduo, 七子之歌
    Wǒ de bāoxiōng Xiānggǎng zài sù tā de kǔtòng, Mǔqīn ya, kě jìdé nǐ de yòunǚ Jiǔlóng? [Pinyin]
    My brother Hong Kong (Island) is expressing his pain, oh mother, do you remember your daughter Kowloon?
* (～村) (historical) Hong Kong (a former village in the south of Hong Kong Island)

#### Synonyms

* (city): 香江 (Xiāngjiāng), 東方之珠／东方之珠 (Dōngfāng zhī zhū)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 香港, 香港特別行政區 official, 港 short |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 香港 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 香港 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 香港, 香港地, 下便, 桂枝 slang |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 香港, 香港地 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 香港 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 香港 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 香港 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 香港 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 香港 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 香港 |

#### Derived terms

* 港九 (Gǎng-Jiǔ)
* 香港人 (Xiānggǎngrén)
* 香港仔 (Xiānggǎngzǎi)
* 香港元
* 香港地
* 香港島 / 香港岛 (Xiānggǎngdǎo)
* 香港手語 / 香港手语 (Xiānggǎng shǒuyǔ)
* 香港特別行政區 / 香港特别行政区 (Xiānggǎng Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū)
* 香港腳 / 香港脚 (xiānggǎngjiǎo)
* 香港話 / 香港话 (Xiānggǎnghuà)

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 향항(香港) (Hyanghang)
* → Vietnamese: Hương Cảng (香港)
Others:
* → English: Hong Kong, Xianggang
** → Japanese: 香港(ホンコン) (Honkon)
** → Korean: 홍콩 (Hongkong)
** → Russian: Гонко́нг (Gonkóng)
* → French: Hong Kong, Hongkong
* → Japanese: シャンガン (Shangan)
* → Lao: ຮົງກົງ (hong kong)
* → Mongolian: Хонконг (Xonkong) (Mongolia)
* → Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠩ (siyangɣang) (China)
* → Russian: Сянга́н (Sjangán)
* → Thai: ฮ่องกง (hɔ̂ng-gong)
* → Tibetan: ཞང་ཀང (zhang kang)
* → Uyghur: شياڭگاڭ (shyanggang)
* → Vietnamese: Hồng Công, Hồng Kông
* → Zhuang: Yanghgangj

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 香 | 港 |
| ほん Grade: 4 | こん Grade: 3 |
| irregular ||

### Etymology

From English Hong Kong, ultimately from Cantonese 香港 (hoeng$^1$ gong$^2$).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ホンコン [hóꜜǹkòǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [hõ̞ŋkõ̞ɴ]

### Proper noun

香港(ホンコン) • (Hon Kon)
* Hong Kong
    中(ちゅう)華(か)人(じん)民(みん)共(きょう)和(わ)国(こく)香(ホン)港(コン)特(とく)別(べつ)行(ぎょう)政(せい)区(く)
       Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku Hon Kon Tokubetsu Gyōseiku
       the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 香 | 港 |

### Proper noun

香港 • (Hyanghang) (hangeul 향항)
* hanja form of 향항 (“Hong Kong”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 香 | 港 |

### Proper noun

香港
* chữ Hán form of Hương Cảng (“(history, dated in colloquial usage, sometimes used in literary contexts) Hong Kong”).