# زوج
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic זוגא (zawgā, “yoke, pair”), from Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos, “yoke”) which was used in Greek for the yoke of marriage – now it forms a root ز و ج (z w j).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zawd͡ʒ/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

زَوْج • (zawj) m (dual زَوْجَان (zawjān), plural أَزْوَاج (ʔazwāj))
* one of a pair
* spouse, mate, partner
** husband
    Synonym: بَعْل (baʕl)
*** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 58:1:قَدْ سَمِعَ ٱللَّٰهُ قَوْلَ ٱلَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِي إِلَى ٱللَّٰهِ وَٱللَّٰهُ يَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَا إِنَّ ٱللَّٰهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌqad samiʕa llāhu qawla llatī tujādiluka fī zawjihā wataštakī ʔilā llāhi wal-lāhu yasmaʕu taḥāwurakumā ʔinna llāha samīʕun baṣīrunGod has certainly heard the speech of her who pleads with you about her husband and complains to God. God hears the conversation between the two of you.
** (feminine) wife
*** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 20:117:فَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوٌّ لَّكَ وَلِزَوْجِكَ فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَىٰfaqulnā yā ʔādamu ʔinna hāḏā ʕaduwwun laka walizawjika falā yuḵrijannakumā mina l-jannati fatašqāWe said, “O Adam! This is indeed an enemy of yours and your mate’s. So do not let him expel you from paradise, or you will be miserable.”
    Synonyms: زَوْجَة (zawja), اِمْرَأَة (imraʔa), قَرِينَة (qarīna)
* (often in the dual) a pair or couple
    هُمَا زَوْجَانِ ― humā zawjāni ― They two are a pair or couple.
* (now rare) kind, type
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:4-10:إِذَا رُجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ رَجًّا وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا فَكَانَتْ هَبَاءً مُّنْبَثًّا وَكُنتُمْ أَزْوَاجًا ثَلَاثَةً فَأَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَأَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ مَا أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَWhen the earth is shaken with convulsion / And the mountains are crushed, crumbling / And become dust dispersing / And ye become of three kinds: Then the companions of the right – what are the companions of the right? And the companions of the left – what are the companions of the left? And the forerunners, the forerunners!

##### Derived terms

* زَوْجَة (zawja, “wife”)
* زَوْجِيّ (zawjiyy)

##### Descendants

* Moroccan Arabic: جوج (jūj), زوج (zūj)
* Tunisian Arabic: زوز (zūz)
* Maltese: żewġ
* → Azerbaijani: zövc
* → Bengali: জওজ (zôuj)
* → Ottoman Turkish: زوج (zevc)
** → Turkish: zevç
* → Persian: زوج (zowj)
* → Uzbek: zavj

### Etymology 2

Denominal verb derived from زَوْج (zawj, “pair”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaw.wa.d͡ʒa/

#### Verb

زَوَّجَ • (zawwaja) II (non-past يُزَوِّجُ (yuzawwiju), verbal noun تَزْوِيج (tazwīj))
* (ditransitive) to marry off, to give in marriage
* to pair, to couple, to join in pairs
* to double, to geminate

##### Conjugation
### References

* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 106
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 303
* Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 154–155
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “زوج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “زوج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic زَوْج (zawj).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zoːd͡ʒ/, [zo̞ːd͡ʒ], [zo̞ːʒ]

#### Noun

زوج • (zōj) m (plural أزواج (ʔazwāj))
* husband
    Synonym: (rare) جوز (jōz)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic زَوَّجَ (zawwaja).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaw.wad͡ʒ/, [zaw.wad͡ʒ], [zaw.waʒ]

#### Verb

زَوَّج • (zawwaj) II (non-past يِزَوِّج (yizawwij))
* (ditransitive) to marry off, to give in marriage
    Synonym: (rare) جَوَّز (jawwaz)

##### Conjugation
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic زَوْج (zawj, “one of a pair”).

### Noun

زوج • (zevc) (plural ازواج (ezvac))
* (originally) mate, one of a pair, a single thing of a couple
    Synonyms: اش (eş), چفت (çift)
* spouse, a person in a marriage or marital relationship
    Synonyms: اش (eş), عرس (ʼırs)
* pair, couple, a set of two similar things taken together
    Synonym: چفت (çift)
* couple, two partners in a romantic or sexual relationship
    Synonym: چفت (çift)
* (mathematics) even number, an integer that is divisible by two

#### Descendants

* Turkish: zevç

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “zevc”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5461
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “zevc”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1423
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “زوج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 650
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Par”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1239
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “زوج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2481
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “zevç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “زوج”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1018

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic زَوْج (zawj). Doublet of یوغ (joğ, juğ, “yoke”), also related to جُفت (joft).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [zawd͡ʒ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäwd͡ʒ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäwd͡ʒ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zäwd͡ʒ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zäwd͡ʒ̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zowd͡ʒ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zäwd͡ʒ]

### Noun

زُوج • (zowj)
* couple, pair
    Synonym: جُفت (joft)
* spouse, mate, partner
    Synonym: هَمسَر (hamsar)
* even number
    Antonym: فَرد (fard)
* (of days of the week) of which the Persian-language name begins with an even number
    Antonym: فَرد (fard)
    Hyponyms: شَنبه (šanbe, “Saturday”), دوشَنبه (došanbe, “Monday”), چَهارشَنبه (čahâršambe, “Wednesday”)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic زَوَّجَ (zawwaja).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaw.waʒ/, [ˈzaw.waʒ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

زوّج • (zawwaj) II (present بزوّج (bizawwej))
* (transitive) to marry
    Synonym: أهّل (ʔahhal)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Arabic زَوْج (zawj).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zoːʒ/, [zoːʒ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### Noun

زوج • (zōj) m (plural أزواج (ʔazwāj), feminine زوجة (zōje))
* couple
* husband
    Synonym: جوز (jōz)