# umbilicus
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin umbilīcus (“navel”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌʌmˈbɪlɪkəs/
* (UK) IPA: /ʌmbɪˈlʌɪkəs/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

umbilicus (plural umbilici or umbilicuses)
* (anatomy) navel
* (botany) hilum
* (zoology) A depression or opening in the center of the base of many spiral shells.
* (zoology) Either of the two apertures in the calamus of a feather.
* (space science) A tube connecting an astronaut or spacecraft to the mothership, through which supplies and samples can be transferred.
** 1966, Aerospace Technology Division, Soviet Biotechnology and Bioastronautics: Report, Library of Congress, page 10:The importance of the visual analyzer is further increased when the cosmonaut is in free space with only the slight support of an umbilicus.
** 1977, James W. Head, United States. National Aeronautics, Space Administration, Significant achievements in the planetary geology program, 1975-1976:Penetrators will be connected by an umbilicus to an afterbody containing imaging and meteorological instruments.
** 1994, Michael J. Nelson (head writer), "Girls Town", episode 601, Mystery Science Theater 3000
    How about a 270 mile tether to an orbiting satellite? Oh, you'd like that, wouldn't you? Frank! Prepare to receive the umbilicus!
** 2013, Treion Muller, Matthew Murdoch, The Webinar Manifesto: Never Design, Deliver, or Sell Lousy Webinars Again!, RosettaBooks, →ISBN:Ninety minutes into the twenty-six hour flight, Leonov opened the outer hatch and pushed himself out to the end of his 17-foot umbilicus — becoming the first man to walk in space.
* (geometry, obsolete) One of the foci of an ellipse or other curve.
* (geometry) A point of a surface at which the curvatures of the normal sections are all equal to each other.
    A sphere may be osculatory to the surface in every direction at an umbilicus.
* (historical) An ornamented or painted ball or boss fastened at each end of the stick on which manuscripts were rolled.
** 1763, William Massey, The Origin and Progress of Letters:The ends of the umbilicus were called cornua (i.e. horns) in Latin, and were usually adorned with some pretty device

#### Synonyms

* (navel): omphalos
* (navel): omphalus

#### Derived terms

* umbilical
* umbilical artery
* umbilical cord
* umbilical hernia
* umbilical vein

#### Translations
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃nóbʰōl (“navel”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /um.biˈliː.kus/, [ʊmbɪˈlʲiːkʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /um.biˈli.kus/, [umbiˈliːkus]

### Noun

umbilīcus m (genitive umbilīcī); second declension
* (anatomy) a navel
* the middle or center
* the ornamented end of a scroll

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: buric, buricu
** Istro-Romanian: buric
** Megleno-Romanian: buric
** Romanian: buric
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: ombelico
** Sicilian: viḍḍicu
* Padanian:
** Piedmontese: amburì
** Venetan: bonigolo, bunigolo
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: umbriçon, bugnigul
** Romansch: umbli
* Island Romance:
** Sardinian: imbílicu, imbírigu
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: amborel
** Oïl:
*** ⇒ Old French: nonbril (rebracketed)
**** Middle French: nombril
***** French: nombril
***** → English: nombril
**** Norman: nombrîn (Jersey), naombrin (Guernsey), nõmbri (Sark), oumbril
** Occitano-Romance:
*** Occitan: embonilh, embonígol, monilh
*** ⇒ Old Catalan: [Term?], lombrigol (rebracketed)
**** Catalan: melic, llombrígol
*** Aragonese: melico, meligo
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: embeligru, ombligu
** Leonese: embeligo, embeligro, embrigo
** Mirandese: ambelhigo, umbelhigo
** Old Galician-Portuguese: ẽbijgo, umbiigo
*** Galician: embigo
*** Portuguese: umbigo
** Spanish: ombligo
Borrowings:
* → English: umbilicus
* → French: ombilic
* → Interlingua: umbilico
* → Italian: umbilico
* → Romanian: umbilic

### References

* “umbilicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “umbilicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* umbilicus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “umbilicus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “umbilicus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 639