# पण्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* পণ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬧᬡ᭄ (Balinese script)
* পণ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰜𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑀡𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ပဏ် (Burmese script)
* પણ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਪਣ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑌣𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦟ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂝𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಪಣ್ (Kannada script)
* បណ៑ (Khmer script)
* ປຓ຺ (Lao script)
* പണ് (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᠠᢏ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘜𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠠᢏ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑦼𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑐞𑑂 (Newa script)
* ପଣ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢦꢠ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑆟𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖜𑖿 (Siddham script)
* පණ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰𑩪 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚘𑚶 (Takri script)
* பண் (Tamil script)
* పణ్ (Telugu script)
* ปณฺ (Thai script)
* པ་ཎ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑒝𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑨘𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɐɳ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pɐɳ/

### Etymology 1

Of disputed origin. Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to buy, make money”), and connected with Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”), Old Irish renim (“I sell”), and Lithuanian pel̃nas (“profit, benefit”), as well as perhaps स्पृ (spṛ, “to release, save”). However, Mayrhofer prefers to take the root as a thematicization of an unattested *पणाति (paṇāti) < *पृणा (pṛṇā), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to sell”), adducing Ancient Greek πέρνημι (pérnēmi, “to sell”) and Old Irish renim (“I sell”) as cognates. In addition to the above theories, he alternatively suggests the root to be equivalent to the "honor, praise" sense of Etymology 2.

#### Root

पण् • (paṇ)
* to barter, purchase, buy
* to negotiate, bargain
* to bet, wager, stake, play for
* to risk or hazard (as a battle)
* to win anything from

### Etymology 2

A derivative of पन् (pan, “to admire”), with retroflexion of the nasal consonant perhaps from onomatopoeic interpretation.

#### Root

पण् • (paṇ)
* to honor, praise

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “PAṆ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 69
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “PAṆᴵ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 69-70

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “पण्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0580/1.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “पण्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 093
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “पण्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 273
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0804”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0804