# 驚蟄
## Chinese

* 驚蟄 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 驚蟄 (Cantonese)
* Kiang-chhít (Hakka)
* Gĭng-dĭk (Eastern Min)
* Keⁿ-ti̍t (Southern Min)
* 驚蟄 (Wu)
* Jingzhe (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): Jīngzhé, Jīngzhí
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄓㄜˊ, ㄐㄧㄥ ㄓˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Jin$^1$ zi$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ging$^1$ zik$^6$ / ging$^1$ zat$^6$
* Gan (Wiktionary): jin$^1$ 'zet$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Kiâng-chhṳt
    (Hailu, HRS): giang$^ˋ$ chid$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): giang$^1$ ced$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jing$^1$ zah$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): Géng-tì
* Eastern Min (BUC): Gĭng-dĭk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ging$^1$ dih$^7$ / ging$^1$ zih$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Keng-ti̍p / Keng-tia̍k / Kiⁿ-ti̍t / Keⁿ-ti̍t / Keⁿ-ta̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng$^1$ dêg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cin-zeq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin$^1$ zhr$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jīngzhé
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄓㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jingjhé
*** Wade–Giles: Ching$^1$-chê$^2$
*** Yale: Jīng-jé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jingjer
*** Palladius: Цзинчжэ (Czinčžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jīngzhí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄓˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jingjhíh
*** Wade–Giles: Ching$^1$-chih$^2$
*** Yale: Jīng-jŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jingjyr
*** Palladius: Цзинчжи (Czinčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: Jin$^1$ zi$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Ginz
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ging$^1$ zik$^6$ / ging$^1$ zat$^6$
*** Yale: gīng jihk / gīng jaht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ging$^1$ dzik$^9$ / ging$^1$ dzat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ging$^1$ jig$^6$ / ging$^1$ zed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/, /kɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐt̚²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: jin$^1$ 'zet$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁴² ˈt͡sɛt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kiâng-chhṳt
*** Hakka Romanization System: giang$^ˊ$ ciid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: giang$^1$ cid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯aŋ²⁴ t͡sʰɨt̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: giang$^ˋ$ chid$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kiaŋ⁵³ t͡ʃʰit²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: giang$^1$ ced$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kiaŋ⁴⁴ t͡sʰət̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jing$^1$ zah$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ¹¹ t͡saʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Géng-tì
*** Sinological IPA : /keiŋ⁵⁴ tʰi⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Gĭng-dĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /kiŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t-)}$niʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ging$^1$ dih$^7$ [Phonetic: ging$^5$ nih$^7$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Ging-di̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /kiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ $^{(t-)}$niʔ⁴/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ging$^1$ dih$^7$ [Phonetic: ging$^5$ dih$^7$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ging-di̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /kiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ tiʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ging$^1$ zih$^7$ [Phonetic: ging$^5$ zih$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kiŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ t͡siʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Keng-ti̍p
*** Tâi-lô: King-ti̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kengdip
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tip̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Keng-tia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: King-tia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kengdiak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³ tiak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiⁿ-ti̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Kinn-ti̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvi'dit
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kĩ⁴⁴⁻²² tit̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ tit̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Keⁿ-ti̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Kenn-ti̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kve'dit
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² tit̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ tit̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Keⁿ-ta̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Kenn-ta̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kve'dat
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gêng$^1$ dêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng te̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /keŋ³³⁻²³ tek̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$cin-zeq
*** MiniDict: cin$^平$ zeh
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jin-zeq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ zəʔ²¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: jin$^1$ zhr$^6$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕin³³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡ɕin³³ t͡sz̩²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kjaeng drip
Rime :
| Character | 驚 | 蟄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) | 緝 (142) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 舉卿切 | 直立切 |
| Baxter | kjaeng | drip |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠiæŋ/ | /ɖˠiɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚiaŋ/ | /ɖᵚip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiaŋ/ | /ȡiep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kiajŋ/ | /ɖjip̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kiɐŋ/ | /ȡjəp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭɐŋ/ | /ȡĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ki̯ɐŋ/ | /ȡʱi̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jīng | zhí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ging$^1$ | zap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kreŋ [d]rip/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kreŋ dib/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 驚 | 蟄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jīng | zhé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kjæng › | ‹ drip › |
| Old Chinese | /*kreŋ/ | /*[d]rip/ |
| English | be afraid | hibernate; cluster |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 驚 | 蟄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 6877 | 17289 |
| Phonetic component | 敬 | 執 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 驚 | 蟄 |
| Old Chinese | /*kreŋ/ | /*dib/ |

### Proper noun

驚蟄
* Jingzhe, the "Waking of Insect", the third of the twenty-four solar terms, around March 5th, 6th, or 7th, when nature reawakens after the winter sleep

#### Coordinate terms

* 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
** Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
** Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
** Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 啓蟄(けいちつ) (Keichitsu)
* → Korean: 경칩(驚蟄) (gyeongchip)
* → Vietnamese: Kinh trập (驚蟄)

### References

* “驚蟄”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “Entry #5414”, in 臺灣客語辭典 [Dictionary of Taiwan Hakka] (overall work in Chinese and Hakka), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2022.

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 驚 | 蟄 |
| きょう Grade: S | ちつ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
Orthographic borrowing from Middle Chinese 驚蟄 (MC kjaeng drip).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ke̞ːt͡ɕit͡sɨ]

#### Proper noun

驚(けい)蟄(ちつ) • (Keichitsu)
* (uncommon) Synonym of 啓蟄 (keichitsu)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 驚 | 蟄 |
| けい Grade: S | ちつ Hyōgai |
| irregular | on'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 驚蟄 – see the following entry. :
| 【啓蟄けいちつ】 | [proper noun] the third solar term |
(This term, 驚蟄, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 驚 | 蟄 |

### Noun

驚蟄 • (gyeongchip) (hangeul 경칩)
* hanja form of 경칩

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 驚 | 蟄 |

### Proper noun

驚蟄
* chữ Hán form of Kinh trập.

### See also

* Hai mươi tư tiết khí (𠄩𨒒四節氣, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
** Spring: Lập xuân (立春)、Vũ thủy (雨水)、Kinh trập (驚蟄)、Xuân phân (春分)、Thanh minh (清明)、Cốc vũ (穀雨)
** Summer: Lập hạ (立夏)、Tiểu mãn (小滿)、Mang chủng (芒種)、Hạ chí (夏至)、Tiểu thử (小暑)、Đại thử (大暑)
** Autumn: Lập thu (立秋)、Xử thử (處暑)、Bạch lộ (白露)、Thu phân (秋分)、Hàn lộ (寒露)、Sương giáng (霜降)
** Winter: Lập đông (立冬)、Tiểu tuyết (小雪)、Đại tuyết (大雪)、Đông chí (冬至)、Tiểu hàn (小寒)、Đại hàn (大寒)