# 傑

| 傑 | U+5091, &#20625; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5091 |
| ← 傐 [U+5090] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 傒 → [U+5092] |

## Translingual
### Han character

傑 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+10 in Chinese, 人+11 in Japanese, 12 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人弓手木 (ONQD), four-corner 2529$_4$, composition ⿰亻桀)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 113, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 955
* Dae Jaweon: page 240, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 204, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5091

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 傑
* Small seal scripts05669Transcribed ancient scriptsL37891L26871L26872L26873L26874
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 桀 | *ɡrad |
| 傑 | *ɡrad |
| 榤 | *ɡrad |
| 嵥 | *ɡrad |
| 滐 | *ɡrad |
| 搩 | *ɡrad |
| 謋 | *qʰʷraːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrad): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 桀 (OC *ɡrad).

### Etymology

Same word as 桀 (OC *ɡrad) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for etymology.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jié (jie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): git$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khie̍t / khia̍t
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kia̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giag$^8$ / giêg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$jiq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jié
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jié
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$
*** Yale: jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: git$^6$
*** Yale: giht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: git$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khie̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: kied
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯et̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khia̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiad
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯at̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: kia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giag$^8$ / giêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia̍k / kie̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /kiak̚⁴/, /kiek̚⁴/
* giag8 - hantou;
* giêg8 - Chaozhou.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit傑 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiə⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕie²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑi²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰie²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕia⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕʰie²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰie²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiɛʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiat̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰiet̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kit̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kit̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kit̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiat̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kieʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kiɛ²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kiak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kit̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: gjet
Rime :
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠列切 |
| Baxter | gjet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]<r>at/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrad/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjet › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-[k]<r>at/ |
| English | remarkable; hero |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 傑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6462 |
| Phonetic component | 桀 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 傑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrad/ |

### Definitions

傑
* outstanding; remarkable
* hero
* a surname

### Compounds

* 人傑 / 人杰 (rénjié)
* 人傑地靈 / 人杰地灵 (rénjiédìlíng)
* 俊傑 / 俊杰 (jùnjié)
* 傑作 / 杰作 (jiézuò)
* 傑克 / 杰克 (Jiékè)
* 傑克南瓜燈 / 杰克南瓜灯 (jiékè-nánguādēng)
* 傑出 / 杰出 (jiéchū)
* 初唐四傑 / 初唐四杰
* 四傑 / 四杰
* 地靈人傑 / 地灵人杰
* 女中豪傑 / 女中豪杰 (nǚzhōngháojié)
* 怪傑 / 怪杰 (guàijié)
* 精心傑作 / 精心杰作
* 英傑 / 英杰 (yīngjié)
* 英雄豪傑 / 英雄豪杰 (yīngxióngháojié)
* 豪傑 / 豪杰 (háojié)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 傑 |
| Kyūjitai | 傑󠄂 傑+&#xE0102; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 傑󠄄 傑+&#xE0104; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* outstanding

#### Readings

* Go-on: げち (gechi)
* Kan-on: けつ (ketsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: すぐれる (sugureru, 傑れる)
* Nanori: すぐる (suguru)、たかし (takashi)、たけし (takeshi)

#### Compounds

* 傑(けっ)魁(かい) (kekkai)
* 傑(けっ)黠(かつ) (kekkatsu) (桀(けっ)黠(かつ))
* 傑(けっ)作(さく) (kessaku)
* 傑(けっ)士(し) (kesshi)
* 傑(けっ)出(しゅつ) (kesshutsu)
* 傑(けっ)俊(しゅん), 傑(けっ)儁(しゅん) (kesshun)
* 傑(けつ)人(じん) (ketsujin)
* 傑(けつ)然(ぜん) (ketsuzen)
* 傑(けっ)僧(そう) (kessō)
* 傑(けつ)物(ぶつ) (ketsubutsu)
* 英(えい)傑(けつ) (eiketsu)
* 快(かい)傑(けつ) (kaiketsu)
* 怪(かい)傑(けつ) (kaiketsu)
* 魁(かい)傑(けつ) (kaiketsu)
* 岸(がん)傑(けつ) (ganketsu)
* 奇(き)傑(けつ) (kiketsu)
* 高(こう)傑(けつ) (kōketsu)
* 豪(ごう)傑(けつ) (gōketsu) (豪(ごう)桀(けつ))
* 三(さん)傑(けつ) (sanketsu)
* 四(し)傑(けつ) (shiketsu)
* 俊(しゅん)傑(けつ) (shunketsu)
* 女(じょ)傑(けつ) (joketsu)
* 人(じん)傑(けつ) (jinketsu)
* 卓(たく)傑(けつ) (takuketsu)
* 挺(てい)傑(けつ) (teiketsu)
* 雄(ゆう)傑(けつ) (yūketsu) (雄(ゆう)桀(けつ))

### Proper noun

傑(すぐる) • (Suguru)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ “傑”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 190 (paper), page 145 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 143 (paper), page 83 (digital)

## Korean
### Hanja

傑 (eumhun 호걸 걸 (hogeol geol))
* hanja form of 걸 (“hero”)
* hanja form of 걸 (“remarkable, outstanding”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

傑: Hán Nôm readings: kiệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.