# اول
## Bulgar
### Alternative forms

* آول

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ogul.

### Noun

اَول (awıl or awul)
* (Volga Bulgar) son
    اَحرَج اَوْلِ اَبحُمِ اَولِ اَرشِ اَولِ مَحمُود زِيَارَةِ كُ ― Ahraç awlı Abhumi awlı Arşı awlı Mahmûd ziyâreti kü. ― This is the memorial of Ahraç's son Abhumi's son Arshy's son Mahmud.

#### Descendants

* Chuvash: ывӑл (yvăl)

### References

* Róna-Tas, András (1976) “A Volga Bulgarıan Inscription from 1307”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎ (in Bulgar), volume 30, number 2, pages 153–186
* Tekin, Talât (1988) Volga Bulgar kitabeleri ve Volga Bulgarcası [Volga Bulgarian Ephitaphs and Volga Bulgarian Language]‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, →ISBN, pages 158, 182-183

## Burushaski
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [uːl]

### Noun

اول (uul)
* (anatomy) belly

### References

* Sadaf Munshi (2015) “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project‎.
* Bechtholdt, Astrid (2025) “اول”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017.

## Chagatai
### Alternative forms

* او (u)

### Pronoun

اول (ul)
* he, she, it

#### Declension
## Egyptian Arabic
### Adjective

اول • (awwil) (feminine اولى (ūla), masculine plural اوايل (awāyil))
* Alternative spelling of أول

## Kashmiri
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑆄𑆬𑆪 (ālaya).

### Noun

اول • (ōl) m (plural ٲلؠ, Devanagari ओल, Sharada 𑆏𑆬𑇀)
* nest
* a recess in a wall used as a shelf

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ālaya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 62

### Further reading

* Grierson, George Abraham (1932) “ôlu”, in A dictionary of the Kashmiri language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal
* Elmslie, William Jackson (1872) A Vocabulary of the Kashmírí Language‎, London: Church Missionary House, page 47

## Khalaj
### Adjective

اَوَّل (əvvəl)
* Arabic spelling of əvvəl (“first”)

## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ol, whence also آنْ (an).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /oɫ/

#### Determiner

اُولْ (ol)
* that, over there
    اول كون بر قیامت صواش اولدیol gün bir qıyāmät savaş oldıthat day an apocalyptic war occured

#### Pronoun

اُولْ (ol)
* he, she, it (third person singular pronoun)

##### Descendants

Reflexives of the merger with آنْ (an):
* Azerbaijani: o
* Gagauz: o
* Ottoman Turkish: او (o), (early) اول (ol)
** Turkish: o

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic أَوَّل (ʔawwal).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /(ʔ)ævːæl/

#### Adjective

أَوَّل (ʔävväl)
* first
* previous

#### Adverb

أَوَّل (ʔävväl)
* before

##### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: əvvəl
* Gagauz: evel
* Ottoman Turkish: اول (evvel)
** Turkish: evvel

### Further reading

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “o”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “evvel”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *o-l (“that”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞 (ol), Karakhanid اُلْ (ol), Kazakh ол (ol), etc.

#### Alternative forms

* او (o)

#### Pronoun

اول • (ol)
* (demonstrative) he, she, it
** 16th ce., Tiryâkî Hasan Paşa, Gazavât-ı Tiryâkî:امدی بندن قاپودانه سلام ایله اول دخی قراللاروڭوره خبر ایدهİmdi benden kapudana selam eyle, ol dahı krallaruñuza haber edeNow go and give your captain my regards, may he inform your kings too

##### Descendants

* Turkish: o

#### See also

* بو (bu)
* شو (şu)
* شول (şol)

#### References

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “او”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 167
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) Linguarum orientalium Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae institutiones seu Grammatica Turcica in qua orthographia, etymologia, syntaxis, prosodia, et reliqua eò spectantia exacte tractantur, exemplisque perspicuis illustrantur et cuius singulis capitubus praecepta linguarum Arabicae et Persicae subjiciuntur‎, Vienna, page 146
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “او”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 232
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 265

### Etymology 2

From Arabic أَوَّل (ʔawwal).

#### Adjective

اول • (evvel)
* first
* old

##### Derived terms

* اولكی (evvelki)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: evvel

#### Noun

اول • (evvel)
* beginning

#### References

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اول”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 199
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “evvel”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَوَّل (ʔawwal).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaw.ˈwal]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.wǽl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.wǽl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔäw.wǽl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔäw.wǽl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæv.vǽl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.vǽl]

### Adverb

اَوَّل • (avval)
* first, firstly
    Synonyms: اَوَّلاً (avvalan), اَوَّلین (avvalin), نُخُسْت (noxost)

### Numeral

اول • (avval)
* first
    Synonyms: یِکُم (yekom), نُخُسْت (noxost)

#### Descendants

* Dari: اَوَّل (awwal)
* Iranian Persian: اَوَّل (avval)
* Tajik: аввал (avval)
* → Bengali: আউয়াল (aual)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: अव्वल (avval)
    Urdu: اَوَّل (avval)
* → Khalaj: əvvəl

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اَوَّل (awwal), from Arabic أَوَّل (ʔawwal).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /əʋː.əl/
* Rhymes: -əl
* Hyphenation: اَوْ‧وَل

### Adjective

اَوَّل • (avval) (Hindi spelling अव्वल)
* first
    Synonyms: پہلا (pahlā), یکم (yakam), نخست (nuxust)
* foremost, primary
    Synonyms: نخستین (nuxustīn), اولین (avvalīn), اولاً (avvalan)
* first-class, excellent, highest

### Noun

اَوَّل • (avval) m (Hindi spelling अव्वल)
* beginning, first or early part

### References

* “اول”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “اول”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.