# ܡܛܪܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Aramaic מִטְרָא (miṭrā), from Proto-Semitic; compare Arabic مَطَر (maṭar), Biblical Hebrew מָטָר (māṭā́r), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎉𐎗 (mṭr), with the Akkadian 𒈪𒋫𒅈𒌑 (/⁠miṭar⁠/, “field irrigated by rainwater”) appearing only at Ras Shamra, most likely borrowed from West Semitic.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard, Iraqi Koine) IPA: [ˈmɪtˤ.rɑː]
* (Ashiret, Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ˈmɪtˤ.ɾˤɑ]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ˈmʊtˤ.ɾˤɒ]

### Noun

ܡܸܛܪܵܐ • (miṭrā) f or m (plural ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܹܐ (miṭrātē) or ܡܸܛܪܹ̈ܐ (miṭrē) or ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ (miṭrānē) or ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܪܹܐ (miṭrārē))
* rain (condensed water falling from a cloud)
    ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܝܵܐ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ― qudmē bit hāwyā miṭrā ― Tomorrow it will rain
    ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܸܨܠܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― miṭrā biṣlāyā ìlāh (literally, “Rain is descending”)
    ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܸܥܪܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― miṭrā biˁrāyā ìlāh (literally, “Rain is pouring out”)
** Matthew 7:27:
    ܘܨܠܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܢܲܗܪ̈ܵܘܵܬܹܐ، ܘܩܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܦܵܘܚܹ̈ܐ، ܘܩܝܼܬ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܒܗ̇ܘ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ، ܘܢܦܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ، ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܢܦܵܠܬܹܗ ܓܘܼܪܬܵܐ.w-ṣlē lāh miṭrā, w-tē lhōn nahrāwātē, w-qīm lhōn pāwḥē, w-qīt lhōn b-awa baytā, w-npīl lēh, w-wē lāh npāltēh gurtā.And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house, and it fell with a great crash.
** James 5:7:
    ܒܵܣ ܚܡܘܿܠܘܼܢ، ܐܲܚܘܵܬܹ̈ܐ، ܗܲܠ ܐ݇ܬܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܡܵܪܲܢ. ܚܙܹܝܡܘܼܢ ܕܵܐܟ݂ܝܼ ܐܲܟܵܪܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܣܵܦܹܪ ܠܛܥܘܼܢܝܵܬܹ̈ܐ ܛܝܼܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐ، ܘܕܵܐܟ݂ܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܪܝܸܟ݂ ܒܹܐܢܹܗ ܥܲܠܵܝܗܝ ܗܲܠ ܕܩܲܒܸܠ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܟ݂ܝܼܪܵܝܬܵܐ ܘܡܫܵܘܚܲܪܬܵܐ.bās ḥmōlūn, aḥwātē, hal tāytā d-māran. ḥzēmūn dāḵī akkārā kē sāpēr l-ṭˁunyātē ṭīmānē d-arˁā, w-dāḵī kē maryiḵ bēnēh ˁallāyh hal d-qabbil miṭrā bḵīrāytā w-mšāwḥartā.Therefore be patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and latter rain.

#### Derived terms

* ܡܸܛܪܵܢܵܐ (miṭrānā, “rainy”)

### References

* “ܡܸܛܪܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 November 26 (last accessed)
* Maclean, Arthur John (1901) “ܡܸܛܪܵܐ”, in Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac as Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, North-West Persia and the Plain of Mosul, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 172b

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

Compare Arabic مَطَر (maṭar) and Hebrew מָטָר (māṭār).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈmɛtˤ.rɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈmɪtˤ.rɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈme.tˤro]

#### Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (meṭrā) m(uncountable)
* rain
** Peshitta, Matthew 7:27:
    ܘܢܚܬ ܡܛܪܐ. ܘܐܬܘ ܢܗܪ̈ܘܬܐ. ܘܢܫܒ ܪ̈ܘܚܐ. ܘܐܬܛܪܝܘ ܒܒܝܬܐ ܗܘ.wa-nəḥeṯ meṭrā, wə-ʾĕṯaw nahrawwāṯā, wa-nəšaḇ rūḥē, wə-ʾettəṭarrīw bə-ḇaytā hawAnd the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From the root ܢ ܛ ܪ related to guarding; compare Arabic مَنْظَر (manẓar).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: /man.tˤə.rɑʔ/, [ˈmatˤ.(tˤə.)rɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈmatˤ.rɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈmɑ.tˤro]

#### Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (maṭṭərā) m (plural ܡܛܪܐ (maṭṭərē))
* guarding, protecting, keeping

##### Inflection
### Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek μήτρᾱ (mḗtrā, “womb, paunch”).

#### Alternative forms

* ܡܝܛܪܐ (mêṭrā)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈme.tˤ(ə.)rɑ]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈme.tˤrɑ]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈme.tˤrɑ]

#### Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (mēṭrā) m (plural ܡܛܪܐ (mēṭrē))
* (anatomy) uterus, womb

##### Synonyms

* ܡܪܒܥܐ (marbəʿā)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [m(ə.)ˈtˤɑ.re]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈmtˤɑ.re]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈmtˤo.re]

#### Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (məṭārē)
* emphatic plural of ܡܛܪܬܐ (məṭārtā)

### References

* “mṭr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-08
* “myṭrˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-08
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 181a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 268a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 749a