# ܐܪܚܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic אָרְחָא (ʾārḥā), equivalent to the active participle of ܐܵܪܹܚ (ārēḥ, “to journey, to travel”); compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (oréakh). The first sense developed from the second (now displaced by ܐܘܼܪܚܵܝܵܐ (urḥāyā)); where travelers were regularly treated as guests, and guests from other villages would typically travel long distances.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʔɑrːxɑː]

#### Noun

ܐܵܪܚܵܐ • (ārḥā) m sg (plural ܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (ārḥē), feminine ܐܵܪܸܚܬܵܐ (āriḥtā))
* guest, visitor
    Synonym: ܡܣܲܚܒܪܵܢܵܐ (msaḥbrānā)
* (archaic) traveller, wayfarer, passer-by

##### Derived terms

* ܐܵܪܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ārḥūṯā, “hospitality, banquet, entertainment”)
* ܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ ܕܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (tawwānā d-ārḥē, “guest room”)

##### Related terms

* ܡܐܲܪܚܵܢܵܐ (mˀarḥānā, “host”)
* ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ (urḥā, “road, way”)

### Etymology 2

From Aramaic רְחֵא/ܪܚܹܐ (rḥē) with a prosthetic alaph, the absolute form of רַחְיָא (raḥyā); compare Classical Syriac ܪܲܚܝܵܐ (“mill, millstone”), notice both having the feminine gender despite a masculine noun structure; compare also Arabic رَحَى (raḥā, “millstone”) and Hebrew רֵחַיִם (rekháyim, “millstone, grindstone”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʔɪrːxeː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ʔarːxeː], [ʔɪrːxeː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ʔarːxeː]

#### Noun

ܐܸܪܚܹܐ • (irḥē) f sg (plural ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥāṯā) or ܐܸܪ̈ܚܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥawwāṯā))
* watermill
** Matthew 18:6:
    ܘܡ̇ܢ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܬܘܼܪܩܵܠܵܐ ܠܚܲܕ݇ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܙܥܘܿܪܹ̈ܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܗܲܝܡܢܝܼ ܒܝܼ، ܦܲܩܵܚܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܬܸܠܝܵܐ ܟܹܐܦܵܐ ܕܐܸܪܚܹܐ ܒܩܕ݂ܵܠܹܗ ܘܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡܪܘܼܦܝܵܐ ܒܥܘܼܡܩܵܐ ܕܝܵܡܵܐ.w-man d-hāwē turqālā l-ḥa min hālēn zˁōrē d-kēkēpā d mhaymnī bī, paqqāḥā ìwā ilūh d-hāwē wā tilyā kēpā dirḥē b-qḏālēh w-hāwē wā mrupyā b-ˁumqā d-yāmā.Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.

##### See also

* ܪܲܚܵܝܵܐ (raḥḥāyā, “miller”)
* ܡܲܛܚܵܢܵܐ (maṭḥānā)
* ܓܵܪܘܿܣܬܵܐ (gārōstā, “handmill”)

### References

* “ܐܵܪܚܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2024 February 25 (last accessed)
* “ܐܸܪܚܹܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2024 February 25 (last accessed)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒋞𒀖 (arḫu [SIG$_4$.AB$_2$]).

#### Alternative forms

* ܐܪܗܐ
* ܐܪܟܐ

#### Pronunciation

Uncertain.

#### Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)
* half roof tile

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From the root ܐ ܪ ܚ related to going or travelling. Compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (ʾôrḗaḥ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔɑrħɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [ʔɑrħe] (plural)

#### Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)
* traveller, wayfarer, passer-by
* guest, visitor

##### Inflection
### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔɑrħɑ]

#### Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܪܚܬܐ)
* Alternative form of ܐܘܪܚܐ

##### Inflection
### References

* “ˀrḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-18-28
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 19a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 28b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 98a