OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# hodie
## Ido
### Etymology

Directly from Latin hodiē, probably influenced by or borrowed from Esperanto hodiaŭ and Interlingue hodie. Some argue it should be derived from a new prefix: ho- +‎ dio +‎ -e.

### Pronunciation

* (first etymology) IPA: /ˈho.di̯e/
* (second etymology) IPA: /hoˈdi.e/

### Adverb

hodie
* today [1960~2000–]
    Synonym: cadie

## Interlingua
### Etymology

From Latin hodiē.

### Adverb

hodie
* today

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* ozē

### Etymology

From hōc +‎ diē (locative singular), literally “on this day”; a construction found in Old Latin, and also used in crāstinī diē (“tomorrow”, literally “on tomorrow's day”).
Compare Welsh heddiw, Breton hiziv, German heute (“today”), Russian сего́дня (sevódnja, “today”), which are semantically the same construction, but with etymologically unrelated roots, and hence are not cognates.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈho.di.eː/, [ˈhɔd̪ieː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈo.di.e/, [ˈɔːd̪ie]

### Adverb

hodiē (not comparable)
* today
    Synonym: nunc
    Quid agis hodiē?How are you today?

#### Related terms

* diēs
* hodiernus

#### Descendants

Romance reflexes via the evolved form */ˈɔje/.
* Dalmatian
** vai, vuai
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: oghje, oghji
** Gallurese: ogghj
** Italian: oggi
*** → Neapolitan: ogge
*** → Sicilian: oggi
** Neapolitan: oje
** Sassarese: oggi
** Sicilian: oi, oji
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian:
*** Campidanese: oi
*** Logudorese: oe
*** Nuorese: oje, oze, oe
* North Italian:
** Friulian: vuê
** Romansch: oz
* Gallo-Romance:
** Old Francoprovençal: hoi
*** Franco-Provençal: hoi
** Old French: hui (see there for further descendants)
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: hui, vui ⇒ avui
** Occitan: uèi, uòi
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: güe, hue
** Old Leonese: hue
*** Asturian: güe, güei
*** Leonese: guei
** Old Galician-Portuguese: oge (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish: oy
*** Ladino: oy, אויי
*** Spanish: hoy
* Borrowings:
** → Esperanto: hodiaŭ
** → Ido: hodie
** → Interlingua: hodie

#### See also

* crās
* herī

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “hodie”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 447

### Further reading

* “hodie”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “hodie”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "hodie", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* hodie in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to-day the 5th of September; tomorrow September the 5th: hodie qui est dies Non. Sept.; cras qui dies futurus est Non. Sept.
# bukain
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixation of buka +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buˈka.ɪn/
* Hyphenation: bu‧ka‧in

### Verb

bukain (active ngebukain, passive dibukain)
* Informal form of bukakan.
* Informal form of bukai.
# trettioförsta
## Swedish
### Etymology

trettio +‎ första

### Numeral

trettioförsta
* thirty-first

### See also

* trettioett

### Further reading

* trettioförsta in Svensk ordbok.
# apefirmative action
## English
### Etymology

Blend of ape +‎ affirmative action.

### Noun

apefirmative action (uncountable)
* (US, slang, derogatory, ethnic slur) Affirmative action that benefits black people.
** 2008 September 27, me, “Re: Co-workers: Obama inflated his resume considerably, was condescending”, in alt.politics.economics‎ (Usenet):apefirmative action, got him into far left-wing harvard; "i'z beez prezents" was all that was required of him to graduate. Your point?
** 2009 July 5, I. M. White, “Re: Colin Powell on Michael Jackson: Ignore his child molesting and celebrate his art”, in alt.politics‎ (Usenet):by "guy," do you mean apefirmative action NIGGER usurper?
** 2017 April 11, Rick Mathers, “Spook minister sex trafficing underage girls”, in soc.culture.african.american‎ (Usenet):And it's wife is an apefirmative action nigger on children's protective services board.
** 2018 April 19, JeSSe, “Whats in a name ?”, in uk.current-events.terrorism‎ (Usenet):Would you want a "Crenshanda" taking your 911 call ? Really a sad state of affairs when Apefirmative Action extends to services that people depend on with their lives.
** 2023 December 6, JeSSe, “Negroid apefirmative action Harvard pres who championed leftist hate speech says "Dindu Nuffins! I'se wus misunderstood!"”, in uk.current-events.terrorism‎ (Usenet):Ouch, dumb negroid was hit where it hurts, with billionaire [jew] donors calling for her to resign, and even the Bolsheviks turning on her:
# えった
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of えった – see the following entry. :
| 【酔よった】 | [verb] past tense and perfective aspect of 酔う (you) [godan] [verb] past tense and perfective aspect of 酔う (eu) [godan] |
(This term, えった (etta), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# агресивність
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* аґреси́вність (agresývnistʹ) — 1928-1933 spelling

### Etymology

From агреси́вний (ahresývnyj, “aggressive”, adjective) +‎ -ість (-istʹ, noun-forming suffix). Compare Russian агресси́вность (agressívnostʹ), Belarusian агрэсі́ўнасць (ahresíŭnascʹ), Polish agresywność.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐɦreˈsɪu̯nʲisʲtʲ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪu̯nʲisʲtʲ
* Hyphenation: агре‧сив‧ність

### Noun

агреси́вність • (ahresývnistʹ) f inan (genitive агреси́вності or агреси́вности, uncountable)
* aggressiveness, aggression
* (geology) aggressivity

#### Related terms

* агре́сія (ahrésija)
* агре́сор (ahrésor)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “агресивність”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “агресивність”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “агресивність”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# spræchus
## Old English
### Etymology

From sprǣċ (“speech”) +‎ hūs (“house”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspræːkˌxuːs/, [ˈspræːkˌhuːs]

### Noun

sprǣchūs n
* auditorium of a monastic school
* location in a monastery for receiving guests

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:
# מגדל
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

From the root ג־ד־ל (g-d-l) with the prefix מִ־. Compare Ugaritic 𐎎𐎂𐎄𐎍 (mgdl) and Egyptian mktr, hence Coptic ⲙⲉϭⲧⲱⲗ (mectōl).

#### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /miɡˈdaːl/
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /miʁˈdɔːl/ [miʁˈdɔːl]
* (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA: /miʁˈdɔl/ [miʁˈdɔːl]
* (Sephardi Hebrew) IPA: /miɡˈdal/ (West), /miʁˈdal/ (East)
* (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA: /miɡˈdɔl/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /miɡˈdal/

#### Noun

מִגְדָּל • (migdál) m (plural indefinite מִגְדָּלִים or מִגְדָּלוֹת, singular construct מִגְדַּל־, plural construct מִגְדְּלֵי־) [pattern: מִקְטָל]
* tower
** Tanach, Genesis 11:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:וַיֵּרֶד יְהֹוָה לִרְאֹת אֶת־הָעִיר וְאֶת־הַמִּגְדָּל אֲשֶׁר בָּנוּ בְּנֵי הָאָדָם׃And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded.

##### Declension

| Number | Isolated forms | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns |
| Number | State | Form | Person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Number | State | Form | Person | m. | f. | m. | f. |
| singular | indefinite | מִגְדָּל | first | מִגְדָּלִי | מִגְדָּלִי | מִגְדָּלֵנוּ | מִגְדָּלֵנוּ |
| singular | definite | הַמִּגְדָּל | second | מִגְדָּלְךָ | מִגְדָּלֵךְ | מִגְדַּלְכֶם | מִגְדַּלְכֶן |
| singular | construct | מִגְדַּל־ | third | מִגְדָּלוֹ | מִגְדָּלָהּ | מִגְדָּלָם | מִגְדָּלָן |
| plural | indefinite | מִגְדָּלִים | first | מגדליי / מִגְדָּלַי | מגדליי / מִגְדָּלַי | מִגְדָּלֵינוּ | מִגְדָּלֵינוּ |
| plural | definite | הַמִּגְדָּלִים | second | מִגְדָּלֶיךָ | מגדלייך / מִגְדָּלַיִךְ | מִגְדְּלֵיכֶם | מִגְדְּלֵיכֶן |
| plural | construct | מִגְדְּלֵי־ | third | מִגְדָּלָיו | מִגְדָּלֶיהָ | מִגְדְּלֵיהֶם | מִגְדְּלֵיהֶן |

##### Derived terms

* מִגְדַּל בָּבֶל (migdál bavél)
* מִגְדַּלּוֹר (migdalór)

##### Descendants

* → Ancient Greek: Μαγδᾱλᾱ́ (Magdālā́)

#### References

* H4026 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Klein, Ernest (1987) “מִגְדָּל”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 314b
* Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons, page 726a
* “מגדל” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

#### Further reading

* מגדל on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

מֻגְדָּל • (mugdál)
* defective spelling of מוגדל
# oge
## Translingual
### Symbol

oge
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Old Georgian.

### See also

* Wiktionary’s coverage of Old Georgian terms

## Dutch
### Verb

oge
* (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of ogen

### Anagrams

* ego

## Fingallian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Irish óg.

### Adjective

oge
* young
** 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
    Oge,Young.

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch ōga (“eye”).

### Noun

ôge n
* eye
* gaze
* (in the plural) sight, ability to see
* eye (of a needle)
* eye (on a peacock's tail)

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Alternative forms

* ouge

#### Descendants

* Dutch: oog
* Limburgish: oug

### Further reading

* “oghe”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “oge”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* oje

### Etymology

From Latin hodiē (“today”), from hōc + diē. Compare Old Spanish oy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈod͡ʒe/

### Adverb

oge
* today
** a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 1 (facsimile):
    Deſoge mais quereu trobar. pola ſennor onrrada
       From today on I wish to sing only to my honoured Lady

#### Descendants

* Fala: hoixhi, hoixi
* Galician: hoxe, hoi, hox (regional), hoje (reintegrationist)
* → Mirandese: hoije
* Portuguese: hoje, hj (abbreviation, Internet slang), oje (obsolete), hoge (obsolete)
** Kabuverdianu: ochi, oji, oxi
** Macanese: hoze
** Papiamentu: awe, awé

#### See also

* cras
* eire

## Yoruba
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ō.ɡē/

#### Noun

oge
* fashion, style, beautification, ostentation
    Synonym: akọ
    obìnrin yìí fẹ́ràn oge púpọ̀ ― This woman loves fashion very much
* fashionista, fashion-conscious
    ṣókí ni ọbẹ̀ oge ― The stew of a fashionista is always to the right quality

##### Derived terms

* ẹyẹ ológe (“peacock”)
* ológe (“someone who is fashionable”)
* ọmọge (“beautiful young lady”)
* Yèyé oge

### Etymology 2

Perhaps from ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ ké (“to call, cry, chirp”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ò.ɡé/

#### Noun

ògé
* a type of bird; (in particular) the Egyptian plover or the African pied wagtail
    Synonyms: ẹyẹ-ògé, ológèéṣà, ológèé-òòṣà, ẹyẹ-òòṣà
# artiin
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixation of arti +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /arˈti.ʔɪn/
* Hyphenation: ar‧ti‧in

### Verb

artiin (active ngartiin, passive diartiin)
* Informal form of artikan.
# kvar
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From Latin quar-, analyzed as the root of quartus (“fourth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kvar]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: kvar

### Numeral

kvar
* four (4)

#### Derived terms

* kvaro

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʋɑːr/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hvárr, hvarr, hverr.

#### Alternative forms

* qvær (archaic spelling)
* kvør (dialectal)

#### Determiner

kvar (neuter kvart)
* each
    Kvar og ein av oss.Each and every one of us.
* every
    Kvar måndag.Every monday.

##### Derived terms

* kvardag
* gå kvar til sitt
* til kvar sin smak

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse hvar.

#### Adverb

kvar
* where
    Synonym: kor
    Kvar ligg byen?Where is the city situated?

### Etymology 3

Compare with Swedish kvar.

#### Adjective

kvar (neuter kvart, definite singular and plural kvare, comparative kvarare, indefinite superlative kvarast, definite superlative kvaraste)
* tranquil

### References

* “kvar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Deverbal from kváriti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʋâːr/

### Noun

kvȃr m (Cyrillic spelling ква̑р)
* defect, fault
    Ne vidim nikakav kvar. ― I don't see any defect.
    Moj auto je u kvaru. ― My car is defect.

#### Related terms

* kváriti
* pokvaren

### Further reading

* “kvar”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʋáːr/

### Noun

kvȃr m inan
* damage

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “kvar”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse kvirr, kyrr, from Proto-Germanic *kwerruz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kvɑːr/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

kvar
* left, remaining
    Det är två kakor kvarThere are two remaining cookies

#### Usage notes

Often as vara kvar: "(to) remain", "(to) be left", or as bli kvar: "be left behind", "(to) stay behind"

#### See also

* kvarbli
* kvarstanna
* kvarvarande

### Further reading

* kvar in Svensk ordbok.

### Anagrams

* krav, vrak
# benweed
## English
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

benweed (uncountable)
* Common ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris, syn. Senecio jacobaea).
    Synonyms: ragwort, smegplant, stinking willie, St. James' wort, stinking nanny, stinking ninny, stinking willy, staggerwort, dog standard, cankerwort, stammerwort, tansy ragwort, tansy

### References

* Jacobaea vulgaris on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Jacobaea vulgaris on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Jacobaea vulgaris on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# литература
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin litterātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [litɛrɐˈturɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

литерату́ра • (literatúra) f
* literature

#### Declension
### References

* “литература”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “литература”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin litterātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [litɛɾaˈtuɾa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

литерату́ра • (literatúra) f (relational adjective литературен)
* literature
    Synonym: книжевност (kniževnost)

#### Declension
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin litteratura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lʲɪtʲɪrɐˈturə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

литерату́ра • (literatúra) f inan (genitive литерату́ры, nominative plural литерату́ры, genitive plural литерату́р, relational adjective литерату́рный)
* literature
** 1872, Фёдор Достоевский, “Часть 1. Глава 3. Чужие грехи”, in Бесы; English translation from Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky, transl., Demons, 1994:Несмотря на полную выдержку и совершенное знание хороших манер, он до того, говорят, самолюбив, до такой истерики, что никак не может скрыть своей авторской раздражительности даже и в тех кругах общества, где мало интересуются литературой.Nesmotrja na polnuju vyderžku i soveršennoje znanije xorošix maner, on do tovo, govorjat, samoljubiv, do takoj isteriki, što nikak ne možet skrytʹ svojej avtorskoj razdražitelʹnosti daže i v tex krugax obščestva, gde malo interesujutsja literaturoj.In spite of his complete selfpossession and perfect knowledge of good manners, he was said to be so vain, to the point of such hysterics, that he was simply unable to conceal his authorial petulance, even in those social circles where there was little interest in literature.

#### Related terms

* литера́тор m (literátor)
* литерату́рный (literatúrnyj)
* литературове́дение n (literaturovédenije)
* литерату́рщина f (literatúrščina)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

литерату́ра f (Latin spelling literatúra)
* literature
# безкраїсть
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

безкра́їй (bezkrájij) +‎ -ість (-istʹ)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bezˈkrajisʲtʲ]

### Noun

безкра́їсть • (bezkrájistʹ) f inan (genitive безкра́йості or безкра́йости, nominative plural безкра́йості, genitive plural безкра́йостей)
* infiniteness, limitlessness
# pôdárzać
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Lasovia) IPA: /pwɔˈdɒr.zat͡ɕ/

### Verb

pôdárzać impf
* (reflexive with się, Lasovia) Synonym of unikać (“to avoid someone due to illness or disability”) [with z (+ instrumental) ‘whom’]

### Further reading

* Szymon Matusiak (1880) “pᵘodárzać śe z ḱem”, in “Gwara lasowska w okolicy Tarnobrzega, studyjum dyjalektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 176
# sığırkuyruğu
## Turkish
### Alternative forms

* sığır kuyruğu

### Etymology

sığır +‎ kuyruk

### Noun

sığırkuyruğu (definite accusative sığırkuyruğunu, plural sığırkuyrukları)
* mullein, especially Verbascum thapsus
# padanan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed padan +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /paˈdanan/ [paˈdan.an]
* Rhymes: -anan
* Syllabification: pa‧dan‧an

### Noun

padanan (plural padanan-padanan)
* synonym
* equivalent
* matching
* comparison
* correlation

#### Derived terms

* padanan busana
* padanan kata
* padanan kosakata
* padanan lazim
* dana padanan

### Further reading

* “padanan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# abjudication
## English
### Etymology

From abjudicate +‎ -ion or from Latin abiūdicātiō. First attested in 1623.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əbˌd͡ʒuː.dɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

abjudication (countable and uncountable, plural abjudications)
* (law, rare) Rejection or confiscation by judicial sentence.
** 1904, Claude George, chapter 11, in The Rise of British West Africa‎, Houlston & Sons, page 135:However, an appeal lay from the Council against any sentence, abjudication or removal, to the Court of Directors, within one calendar month from date of such sentence or abjudication, upon the aggrieved party giving security sufficient to cover the cost of the appeal.
** 1861, City of London Corporation, edited by Henry Thomas Riley, compiled by John Carpenter, Liber Albus‎, page 496:Abjudication of the freedom of Richard Northbury, and restitution thereof […]
** 1918, Rudolf Hübner, Paul Vinogradoff, William Emanuel Walz, A History of Germanic Private Law, Little, Brown, page 108:In the abjudication of of all or certain rights of civil honor, decreed as a criminal penalty, one can trace the old "Rechtlosigkeit" due to crime, and the Roman "infamia iuris mediata."

#### Translations
### References

* “abjudication”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “abjudication, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
# istid
## English
### Adverb

istid (not comparable)
* Pronunciation spelling of instead.

## Danish
### Etymology

is (“ice”) +‎ tid (“time”)

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -id

### Noun

istid c (singular definite istiden, plural indefinite istider)
* ice age

#### Synonyms

* glacialtid

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From is +‎ tid.

### Noun

istid m or f (definite singular istida or istiden, indefinite plural istider, definite plural istidene)
* ice age (also the Ice Age)

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From is +‎ tid.

### Noun

istid f (definite singular istida, indefinite plural istider, definite plural istidene)
* ice age (also the Ice Age)

## Swedish
### Etymology

is +‎ tid.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iːstiːd/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

istid c
* ice age

#### Declension
### Further reading

* istid in Svensk ordbok.
# Local Void
## English
### Proper noun

the Local Void
* (astronomy, cosmology) A region of space with very low density, which our galaxy cluster, the Local Group, sticks into like a headland, and of which the Local Sheet, which the Local Group is attached to, forms one wall.

#### Related terms

* Local Arm
* Local Bubble
* Local Fluff
* Local Galaxy
* Local Group
* Local Hole
* Local Interstellar Cloud
* Local Sheet
* Local Space
* Local Star
* Local Supercluster
* Local Universe
* Local Volume
# կրակ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian կրակ (krak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kəˈɾɑk/, [kəɾɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɡəˈɾɑɡ/, [ɡəɾɑ́ɡ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

կրակ • (krak)
* fire
    Synonym: հուր (hur)
* (figuratively) light, lamp
* (figuratively) fever
* (figuratively) heat
* (figuratively) fervour
* shooting, firing

#### Derived terms

* կրակահերթ (krakahertʻ)
* կրակել (krakel)
* կրակվառիչ (krakvaṙičʻ)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing. Compare Middle Persian 𐫞𐫇𐫡𐫃 (qwrg /⁠kūrag⁠/, “furnace, kiln”), Persian کوره (kure, “furnace”) and Old Georgian კერაკი (ḳeraḳi), also from Iranian.

### Noun

կրակ • (krak)
* fire, flames
    կրակ լուցանել, վառել ― krak lucʻanel, vaṙel ― to kindle, to light, to make a fire
    արծարծել զկրակ ― arcarcel zkrak ― to stir, to poke the fire
    շիջուցանել զկրակ ― šiǰucʻanel zkrak ― to put out, to extinguish, to quench the fire
* (figuratively) fire, heat, flame, spirit, ardour

#### Derived terms

* կրակաբեր (krakaber)
* կրակալոյց (krakaloycʻ)
* կրակակալ (krakakal)
* կրակամոխիր (krakamoxir)
* կրականամ (krakanam)
* կրականի (krakani)
* կրակապաշտ (krakapašt)
* կրակապաշտութիւն (krakapaštutʻiwn)
* կրակասէր (krakasēr)
* կրակասպան (krakaspan)
* կրակավառ (krakavaṙ)
* կրակատեղաց (krakatełacʻ)
* կրակատուն (krakatun)
* կրակարան (krakaran)
* կրակետղ (kraketł)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: կրակ (krak)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “կրակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “կրակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 378
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կրակ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# soþsægene
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsoːθˌsæ.je.ne/

### Noun

sōþsæġene
* inflection of sōþsæġen:
** nominative plural
** accusative singular/plural
** genitive/dative singular
# paragolpes
## Spanish
### Etymology

Verb-object compound, composed of para (“to stop”) +‎ golpes (“bumps, bangs”).

### Noun

paragolpes m (plural paragolpes)
* (Rioplatense) bumper (of a vehicle)
    Synonym: parachoques

### Further reading

* “paragolpes”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10