# 檬

| 檬 | U+6AAC, &#27308; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6AAC |
| ← 檫 [U+6AAB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 檭 → [U+6AAD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

檬 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木廿月人 (DTBO), four-corner 4493$_2$, composition ⿰木蒙)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 558, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15710
* Dae Jaweon: page 947, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1299, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6AAC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蒙 | *moːŋ |
| 冡 | *moːŋ |
| 濛 | *moːŋ, *moːŋʔ |
| 艨 | *moːŋ, *moːŋs |
| 朦 | *moːŋ, *moːŋʔ |
| 矇 | *moːŋ |
| 饛 | *moːŋ |
| 檬 | *moːŋ |
| 鸏 | *moːŋ, *moːŋʔ |
| 幪 | *moːŋ |
| 蠓 | *moːŋ, *moːŋʔ |
| 靀 | *moːŋ |
| 曚 | *moːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *moːŋ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 蒙 (OC *moːŋ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): méng (meng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mung$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^2$
*** Yale: méng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mung$^4$
*** Yale: mùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊŋ²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: morng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɒŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: muwng
Rime :
| Character | 檬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫紅切 |
| Baxter | muwng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /muŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /məwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /muŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /muŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | méng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mung$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*moːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 檬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8976 |
| Phonetic component | 冡 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蒙 |
| Old Chinese | /*moːŋ/ |

#### Definitions

檬
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) A type of locust-like tree.

#### Compounds

* 檬果 (méngguǒ)
* 海檬果

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): méng (meng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mung$^{4-1}$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): móng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): mung$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): meng$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): mùng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bông / bóng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mong$^5$ / mou$^5$ / mong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^2$
*** Yale: méng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Yale: mūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: móng
*** Hakka Romanization System: mong$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /moŋ³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: mung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /mʊŋ¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: meng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /məŋ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mùng
*** Sinological IPA : /muŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: morng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɒŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bông
*** Tâi-lô: bông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boong
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /bɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bóng
*** Tâi-lô: bóng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: borng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mong$^5$ / mou$^5$ / mong$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mông / môu / móng
*** Sinological IPA : /moŋ⁵⁵/, /mou⁵⁵/, /moŋ⁵²/
* mong5/mou5 - literary;
* mong2 - vernacular.

#### Definitions

檬
* Used in 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng, “lemon”).

#### Compounds

* 檸檬 / 柠檬 (níngméng)
* 檸檬水 / 柠檬水 (níngméngshuǐ)
* 檸檬汁 / 柠檬汁 (níngméngzhī)
* 檸檬烯 / 柠檬烯 (níngméngxī)
* 檸檬精 / 柠檬精 (níngméngjīng)
* 檸檬素 / 柠檬素
* 檸檬色 / 柠檬色 (níngméngsè)
* 檸檬茶 / 柠檬茶 (níngméngchá)
* 檸檬草 / 柠檬草 (níngméngcǎo)
* 檸檬酸 / 柠檬酸 (níngméngsuān)
* 檸檬醛 / 柠檬醛 (níngméngquán)
* 檸檬醬 / 柠檬酱 (níngméngjiàng)
* 檸檬香茅 / 柠檬香茅 (níngméng xiāngmáo)
* 檬水
* 甜檸檬心理 / 甜柠檬心理
* 酸檬
* 青檸檬 / 青柠檬
* 食檸檬 / 食柠檬
* 黎檬子 (líméngzǐ)

### Etymology 3

From Vietnamese bún.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): méng (meng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mung$^{4-1}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^2$
*** Yale: méng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Yale: mūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mung$^{4-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /mʊŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

檬
* bún (Vietnamese rice vermicelli)

#### Derived terms

* 撈檬 / 捞檬
* 檬粉 (méngfěn)
* 湯檬 / 汤檬

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “檬”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 155.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぼう (bō)、も (mo)

## Korean
### Hanja

檬 (eumhun 레몬 (lemon) 몽 (remon ( lemon ) mong))
* hanja form of 몽 (“lemon”)

#### Compounds

* 영몽 (檸檬, yeongmong, “lemon”)
* 몽과 (檬果, monggwa, “mango”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

檬: Hán Nôm readings: muồng, môm, mông, muỗm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999