# 喃

| 喃 | U+5583, &#21891; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5583 |
| ← 喂 [U+5582] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 善 → [U+5584] |

## Translingual
### Han character

喃 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口十月十 (RJBJ), four-corner 6402$_7$, composition ⿰口南)

#### Derived characters

* 𬞑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 197, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3903
* Dae Jaweon: page 418, character 37
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 650, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5583

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 南 | *nuːm |
| 楠 | *nuːm |
| 腩 | *nuːmʔ |
| 湳 | *nuːmʔ |
| 揇 | *nuːmʔ |
| 萳 | *nuːmʔ |
| 罱 | *ruːmʔ |
| 喃 | *rnuːm |
| 諵 | *rnuːm, *rnuːms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rnuːm): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 南 (OC *nuːm).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nán (nan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naam$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nán
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nán
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$
*** Yale: nán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naam$^4$
*** Yale: nàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːm²¹/
* Middle Chinese: nream
Rime :
| Character | 喃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 女咸切 |
| Baxter | nream |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɳˠɛm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɳᵚæm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɐm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɳəɨm/ |
| Li Rong | /nɐm/ |
| Wang Li | /nɐm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /năm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | naam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*rnuːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 喃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9362 |
| Phonetic component | 南 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 諵 |
| Old Chinese | /*rnuːm/ |
| Notes | 同諵 |

#### Definitions

喃
* (onomatopoeia) Used in 喃喃 (nánnán).
* (onomatopoeia) Used in 呢喃 (nínán).

#### Compounds

* 呢喃 (nínán)
* 呢喃細語 / 呢喃细语
* 喃喃 (nánnán)
* 喃喃低語 / 喃喃低语
* 喃喃吶吶 / 喃喃呐呐
* 喃喃咄咄
* 喃喃喏喏
* 喃喃篤篤 / 喃喃笃笃
* 喃喃細語 / 喃喃细语
* 喃喃自語 / 喃喃自语 (nánnánzìyǔ)
* 喃喃訥訥 / 喃喃讷讷
* 噥噥喃喃 / 哝哝喃喃
* 篤篤喃喃 / 笃笃喃喃
* 肚喃

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nǎn (nan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nǎn
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^3$
*** Yale: nǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: naan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

喃
* Only used in 噆喃.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): nán (nan$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nán
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nán
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$
*** Yale: nán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nan$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lan
*** Sinological IPA : /nan⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

喃
* (Southwestern Mandarin) Interrogative particle, equivalent to 呢 (ne) in Standard Chinese.

### Etymology 4

From Vietnamese 喃 (Nôm), in turn from Chinese 南 (“south”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nán (nan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naam$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nán
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nán
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$
*** Yale: nán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naam$^4$
*** Yale: nàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːm²¹/

#### Definitions

喃
* (of or relating to) chữ Nôm

#### Compounds

* 喃字 (nánzì)
* 字喃 (zìnán)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): nán (nan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naam$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nán
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nán
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$
*** Yale: nán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nan
*** Palladius: нань (nanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naam$^4$
*** Yale: nàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːm²¹/

#### Definitions

喃
* Used in transcription.

#### Compounds

* 呋喃 (fūnán)
* 吡喃 (bǐnán)
* 呋喃丙胺
* 呋喃唑酮 (fūnánzuòtóng)
* 呋喃坦啶
* 呋喃妥因 (fūnántuǒyīn)
* 呋喃甲醇
* 呋喃西林
* 四氫呋喃 / 四氢呋喃 (sìqīngfūnán)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: なん (nan)
* Kan-on: だん (dan)
* Kun: のう (nō, 喃)

#### Compounds

* 字喃(チュノム) (chunomu)
* 喋々喃々(ちょうちょうなんなん) (chōchō nannan)
* 喃(なん)語(ご) (nango)
* 喃々(なんなん) (nannan)
* 喃々(のうのう) (nōnō)

## Korean
### Hanja

喃 • (nam) (hangeul 남, revised nam, McCune–Reischauer nam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

喃: Hán Nôm readings: nam, nẩm, Nôm
* common speech

#### Compounds

* 字喃, 𡨸喃, 𡦂喃 (chữ Nôm)