# مجنون
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the passive participle of the verb جُنَّ (junna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mad͡ʒ.nuːn/
** (Egyptian) IPA: /maɡˈnuːn/
** (Gulf) IPA: /majˈnuːn/
* Rhymes: -uːn

### Adjective

مَجْنُون • (majnūn) (feminine مَجْنُونَة (majnūna), masculine plural مَجْنُونُونَ (majnūnūna) or مَجَانِين (majānīn), feminine plural مَجْنُونَات (majnūnāt))
* mad, crazy, insane, possessed
    Synonyms: مَخْبُول (maḵbūl), مَسْعُور (masʕūr)
    هَلْ أَنْتَ مَجْنُونٌ؟ ― hal ʔanta majnūnun? ― Are you crazy?
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 54:9:كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُوا عَبْدَنَا وَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَkaḏḏabat qablahum qawmu nūḥin fakaḏḏabū ʕabdanā wa-qālū majnūnun wa-zdujiraThe people of Noah denied before them, and they denied Our servant and said, "A madman," and he was repelled.

#### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: مينون (maynūn)
* Judeo-Arabic: מג׳נון (majnūn)
** → Hebrew: מג׳נון (majnún)
* Maltese: miġnun
* → Armenian: մաջնուն (maǰnun), մեժլում (mežlum)
* → Azerbaijani: məcnun
* → Classical Persian: مجنون (majnūn)
** Persian: مجنون (majnun)
** → Bengali: মজনু (mojonu)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मजनू (majnū), मजनूँ (majnū̃)
    Urdu: مَجْنُوں (majnūṉ)
** → Gujarati: મજનૂ (majnū)
** → Malay: majnun
*** → Indonesian: majenun
** → Uyghur: مەجنۇن (mejnun)
** → Uzbek: majnun
* → Georgian: მიჯნური (miǯnuri)
* → Hausa: màjànūnī̀
* → Ottoman Turkish: مجنون (mecnun)
** Turkish: mecnun

#### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “جن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَجْنُون (majnūn, “mad, crazy”).

### Adjective

مجنون • (mecnun)
* mad, crazy, insane, lunatic, bonkers, not sane, exhibiting unsoundness or disorder of mind, mentally deranged
    Synonyms: احمق (ahmak), دلی (deli), دیوانه (divane)
* possessed, mentally and/or physically controlled by beings such as spirits, ghosts, demons, angels, or gods

#### Derived terms

* مجنونانه (mecnunane, “madly, crazily”)
* مجنونلق (mecnunluk, “madness, craziness”)
* مجنونیت (mecnuniyet, “madness, craziness”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: mecnun

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mecnun”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3102
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “mecnûn”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 711
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مجنون”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1123
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Insanus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 822
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مجنون”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4410
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مجنون”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1752

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَجْنُون (majnūn).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mad͡ʒ.ˈnuːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäd͡ʒ.núːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäd͡ʒ.núːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mäd͡ʒ.núːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mäd͡ʒ.nún]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæd͡ʒ.núːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäd͡ʒ.nún]

### Noun

مجنون • (majnun) (plural مجنون‌ها (majnun-hâ) or مجنونان (majnunân))
* crazy, insane
* lover

### Adjective

مجنون • (majnun) (comparative مجنون‌تَر (majnun-tar), superlative مجنون‌تَرین (majnun-tarin))
* crazy, insane

#### Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of مجنون (majnun) (Iranian Persian) :

## Urdu
### Alternative forms

* مَجْنُوں (majnū̃)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مَجْنُون (majnūn), from Arabic مَجْنُون (majnūn, “crazy”, literally “possessed by a jinn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /məd͡ʒ.nuːn/
* Rhymes: -uːn
* Hyphenation: مَج‧نُون

### Proper noun

مَجنُون • (majnūn) m (Hindi spelling मजनून)
* (fiction) Qays ibn al-Mullawah (the hero of the romance Layla and Majnun)
    Synonym: قَیس (qais)
    Coordinate term: لَیلیٰ (lailā)

### Adjective

مَجنُون • (majnūn) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling मजनून)
* possessed

### Noun

مَجنُون • (majnūn) m (Hindi spelling मजनून)
* lunatic
* Romeo (a man who is a great lover)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “مجنون”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “مجنوں”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 570
* “مجنون”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* “مجنون”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.