# hate
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English hate (noun), probably from Old English hatian (“to hate”, verb) and/or Old Norse hatr (“hate”, noun). Merged with Middle English hete, hæte, heate (“hate”), from Old English hete, from Proto-Germanic *hataz (“hatred, hate”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂d- (“strong emotion”). Cognate with West Frisian haat, Dutch haat, German Hass, Danish had, Norwegian and Swedish hat.
The verb is from Middle English haten, from Old English hatian (“to hate, treat as an enemy”), from Proto-West Germanic *hatēn, from Proto-Germanic *hatāną (“to hate”), from Proto-Germanic *hataz, from the same root as above.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: hāt, IPA: /heɪt/
* (Canada) IPA: [heːt]
* (General Australian) IPA: /hæɪ̯t/
* (Standard Southern British) IPA: [hɛjt]
* Audio (Received Pronunciation):(file)
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪt
* Homophone: Haight

### Noun

hate (countable and uncountable, plural hates)
* An object of hatred.
    One of my pet hates is traffic wardens.
* Hatred.
    He gave me a look filled with pure hate.
* (Internet slang) Negative feedback, abusive behaviour.
    There was a lot of hate in the comments on my vlog about Lady Gaga from her fans.

#### Derived terms

* gay-hate
* hateblog
* hate-boner
* hate click
* hate crime
* hate figure
* hate fuck
* hate group
* hate mail
* hate mailer
* hate music
* hate-on
* hate-read
* hate-sex
* hate speech
* hate strike
* hate-watch
* love-hate
* pet hate
* self-hate
* two-minute hate

#### Related terms

* hatel
* hatred

#### Descendants

* → Polish: hejt
* → Russian: хейт (xejt)

#### Translations
### Verb

hate (third-person singular simple present hates, present participle hating, simple past and past participle hated)
* (transitive) To dislike intensely or greatly.
** 1997, Popular Science, volume 251, number 4, page 34:People who hate broccoli may have super-sensitive taste buds.
* (intransitive) To experience hatred.
* (informal, originally African-American Vernacular) Used in a phrasal verb: hate on.
    I put ranch dressing on pizza. Please don't hate on me.

#### Usage notes

* This is generally a stative verb that is rarely used in the continuous (progressive) aspect. See Category:English stative verbs

#### Conjugation

$^†$ Archaic or obsolete.

#### Synonyms

* (to dislike intensely): See Thesaurus:hate

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to dislike intensely”): See Thesaurus:love

#### Derived terms

* forehate
* hater
* haters gonna hate
* hate someone's guts
* hate the sin but love the sinner
* I hate you
* love the sinner but hate the sin
* they hate us 'cause they ain't us

#### Related terms

* heinous

#### Translations

Afrikaans: haat (af)
Albanian: urrej (sq)
Amharic: መጥላት (mäṭlat)
Arabic: كَرِهَ (kariha), أَبْغَضَ (ʔabḡaḍa)
Egyptian Arabic: كره (kirih), بغض (baḡaḍ)
Armenian: ատել (hy) (atel)
Aromanian: urãscu
Asturian: odiar
Azerbaijani: nifrət etmək, zəhləsi getmək
Basque: gorrotatu
Belarusian: ненаві́дзець impf (njenavídzjecʹ)
Bengali: ঘৃণা করা (bn) (ghrina kora)
Bulgarian: мра́зя (bg) impf (mrázja), ненави́ждам (bg) impf (nenavíždam)
Burmese: စက်ဆုပ် (my) (cakhcup), မုန်း (my) (mun:)
Catalan: odiar (ca)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 好憎 (hou$^2$ zang$^1$), 憎 (zang$^1$)
Mandarin: 恨 (zh) (hèn), 討厭 / 讨厌 (zh) (tǎoyàn), 仇恨 (zh) (chóuhèn), 憎 (zh) (zēng), 憎恨 (zh) (zēnghèn), 嫌 (zh) (xián), 恨惡 / 恨恶 (zh) (hènwù)
Cornish: bos kas gans (with subject and object reversed)
Czech: nenávidět (cs) impf, nesnášet impf
Danish: hade
Dutch: haten (nl)
Egyptian: (msḏj)
Esperanto: malami (eo)
Estonian: vihkama
Faroese: hata
Finnish: vihata (fi)
French: haïr (fr), détester (fr)
Friulian: odeâ
Georgian: სიძულვილი (siʒulvili), ეჯავრება (eǯavreba), ზიზღი (zizɣi)
German: hassen (de)
Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hatjan)
Greek: μισώ (el) (misó), απεχθάνομαι (el) (apechthánomai)
Ancient: μῑσέω (mīséō)
Haitian Creole: rayi
Hebrew: שָׂנֵא (he) (sané)
Hindi: घृणा करना (ghŕṇā karnā)
Hungarian: gyűlöl (hu), utál (hu)
Icelandic: hata (is)
Ido: odiar (io)
Indonesian: benci (id), membenci (id)
Irish: is fuath le
Italian: odiare (it)
Japanese: 憎む (ja) (にくむ, nikumu), 嫌う (ja) (きらう, kirau), 厭う (ja) (いとう, itou), 嫌悪する (ja) (けんおする, ken'o suru)
Kazakh: жек көру (jek köru)
Khmer: ស្អប់ (km) (s’ɑp), ជិន (km) (cɨn)
Korean: 싫어하다 (ko) (sireohada), 미워하다 (ko) (miwohada)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: hîlet bûn, nefret kirin (ku), hîlet bûn
Kyrgyz: жек көрүү (jek körüü)
Ladino: aborreser
Lao: ກຽດ (lo) (kīat)
Latgalian: neist
Latin: ōdī (defective), odiō
Latvian: ienīst, neciest
Lithuanian: neapkęsti
Lombard: odià (lmo)
Low German: haten
Luxembourgish: haassen
Macedonian: мрази impf (mrazi)
Malay: benci (ms)
Malayalam: വെറുക്കുക (ml) (veṟukkuka)
Maltese: mibegħda, bagħad
Maore Comorian: uyenga, utukiwa na
Maori: mauāhara
Middle English: haten
Mongolian: хорсох (mn) (xorsox), үзэн ядах (üzen jadax), занах (mn) (zanax)
Navajo: yijoołá
Norman: dêtester
Norwegian: hate (no)
Occitan: asirar (oc), aissosar
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: ненавидѣти impf (nenaviděti)
Old English: hatian
Old Norse: hata
Oromo: jibbuu (om)
Pashto: بدوړل (badwṛǝ́l)
Persian: نفرت داشتن (nefrat dâštan), بیزار بودن (bizâr budan)
Pitjantjatjara: kuraringanyi
Polish: nienawidzić (pl) impf
Portuguese: odiar (pt)
Quechua: chiqnikuy, chiqniy, cignii, cikii
Romanian: urî (ro)
Romansch: odiar, detestar, hassiar, spretschar
Russian: ненави́деть (ru) impf (nenavídetʹ)
Sanskrit: द्वेष्टि (sa) (dvéṣṭi)
Sardinian: odiai, tirriai
Serbo-Croatian: nenávideti impf, нена́видети impf
Cyrillic: мр́зити impf, мр́зети impf
Roman: mŕziti (sh) impf, mŕzeti (sh) impf
Sinhalese: ද්වේෂ කරනවා (dwēṣa karanawā)
Slovak: nenávidieť impf
Slovene: sovražiti (sl) impf
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: gramowaś impf, gramjeś impf
Spanish: odiar (es)
Sumerian: 𒄾𒈪𒉭 (ḪUL.IGI)
Swahili: kuchukia
Swedish: hata (sv)
Tagalog: mapoot
Tajik: нафрат доштан (nafrat doštan), нафрат кардан (nafrat kardan), бад додан (bad dodan)
Tamil: வெறு (ta) (veṟu)
Telugu: ఏవగించుకొను (ēvagiñcukonu), అసహ్యించుకొను (asahyiñcukonu)
Thai: เกลียด (th) (glìiat)
Tibetan: སྡང (sdang), ཞེ་འཁོན་འཛིན (zhe 'khon 'dzin), ཞེ་ལོག (zhe log)
Turkish: nefret etmek (tr), iğrenmek (tr), tiksinmek (tr), ikrah etmek (tr) (archaic)
Turkmen: ýigrenmek, ýigrençmek
Ugaritic: 𐎌𐎐𐎀 (šnả)
Ukrainian: нена́видіти impf (nenávydity)
Urdu: گھرنا کرنا (ghŕṇā karnā), نفرت کرنا (nafrat karna)
Uyghur: امان كۆرمەك (aman körmek), نەپرەتلەنمەك (nepretlenmek)
Uzbek: yomon koʻrmoq, nafratlanmoq (uz)
Vietnamese: ghét (vi)
Welsh: casáu (cy), bod yn gas gan (with subject and object reversed)
Yiddish: פֿײַנט האָבן (faynt hobn), האַסן (hasn)
Zazaki: nefret kerden, qıcığ gıroten :

### Anagrams

* HEAT, Thea, eath, haet, heat, heta

## Bola
### Noun

hate
* liver

### References

* Brent Wiebe, Bola (Bola-Bakovi) Language Organized Phonology Data, p. 2

## Cia-Cia
### Alternative forms

* 하떼

### Etymology

From Proto-Celebic *qate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay.

### Noun

hate (Hangul spelling 하떼)
* (anatomy) liver (organ of the body)

### References

* Van den Berg, Rene (1991). "Preliminary Notes on the Cia-Cia Language," in Excursies in Celebes, pp. 305-324.

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

hate
* (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of haten

## Japanese
### Romanization

hate
* Rōmaji transcription of はて

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr.

#### Alternative forms

* ate, haate, hat, hatte

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhaːt(ə)/

#### Noun

hate (plural hates)
* Hate, hatred, anger, wroth.
    Synonyms: hatrede, hatynge, hete
* Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words.
* The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil.
    Synonyms: hatrede, hete
* (rare) Something that one hates.

##### Related terms

* hateful
* hatel
* hateliche
* haten
* hatere
* hatesum
* hatfully
* hatrede
* hatynge

##### Descendants

* English: hate
* Scots: hate, hait, heit

##### References

* “hāte, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-18.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hate
* Alternative form of haten

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse hata.

### Verb

hate (imperative hat, present tense hater, passive hates, simple past and past participle hata or hatet, present participle hatende)
* to hate (somebody / something)

#### Related terms

* hat (noun)

### References

* “hate” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* hata

### Etymology

From Old Norse hata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²hɑːtə/

### Verb

hate (present tense hatar, past tense hata, past participle hata, passive infinitive hatast, present participle hatande, imperative hate/hat)
* to hate (someone, something)

#### Related terms

* hat (noun)

### References

* “hate” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Verb

hāte
* first-person singular present indicative of hātan

## Romanian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English hate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hejt/
* Rhymes: -ejt
* Hyphenation: hate

### Noun

hate ? (uncountable)
* (Internet, sociology) hate (hateful or spiteful comments, especially online)

#### Declension
## Ternate
### Etymology

Does not continue Proto-North Halmahera *gota (“tree”). However, compare Proto-Timor-Alor-Pantar *hate ("tree").

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈha.te/

### Noun

hate (Jawi هاتي)
* tree
* wood
* (by extension) woodwork

### References

* Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Unami
### Verb

hate
* there is, there exists