OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ܪܡܘܢܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Alternative forms

* ܐܪܡܘܢܬܐ (armuntā), ܐܪܡܘܢܐ (armonā), ܪܘܡܢܐ (rummānā)

### Etymology

From Aramaic רִמֹּונָא (rimmōnā); compare Hebrew רִמּוֹן (rimmón), Akkadian 𒄑𒈢𒆳𒊏 (/⁠armannu⁠/), Classical Syriac ܪܘܡܢܐ (rummānā) and Arabic رُمَّان (rummān)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [rɪ.muːnɑː]

### Noun

ܪܸܡܘܼܢܵܐ • (rimūnā) m (plural ܪܸܡܘܼܢܹ̈ܐ (rimūnē))
* pomegranate (spherical fruit with a tough golden-orange outer skin and sweet red gelatinous flesh containing many seeds)
    ܡܲܬܒ݂ܲܚ ܦܸܪ̈ܕܹܐ ܕܪܸܡܘܼܢܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܣܵܠܵܛܵܐ.matḇaḥ pirdē d-rimūnā gāw sālāṭā.Let's put pomegranate seeds in the salad.
** Exodus 28:34:
    ܙܹܓܵܐ ܕܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ ܘܪܸܡܘܼܢܵܐ، ܙܹܓܵܐ ܕܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ ܘܪܸܡܘܼܢܵܐ، ܥܲܠ ܫܸܦܘܼܠܵܠܹ̈ܐ ܕܥܵܒ݂ܵܝܬܵܐ ܠܚܵܕܸܪ̈ܘܵܢܹܐ.zēgā d-dahḇā w-rimūnā, zēgā d-dahḇā w-rimūnā, ˁal šipūlālē d-ˁāḇāytā l-ḥādirwānē.a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon the hem of the robe all around.
** Jeremiah 52:23:
    ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܪܸ̈ܡܘܼܢܹܐ ܬܸܫܥܝܼ ܘܐܸܫܬܵܐ ܠܓܹܒܵܐ ܕܦܵܘܚܵܐ؛ ܟܠܵܝܗܝ ܪܸ̈ܡܘܼܢܹܐ ܡܵܐܐ ܥܲܠ ܫܲܟܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܠܚܵܕܸܪ̈ܘܵܢܹܐ.w-wē lhōn rimūnē tišˁī w-ištā l-gēbā d-pāwḥā; kullāyh rimūnē māˀā ˁal šakkāḇā l-ḥādirwānē.There were ninety-six pomegranates on the sides; all the pomegranates, all around on the network, were one hundred.
* grenade (small explosive device thrown by hand)
# ܒܝܬ ܨܪܦܘܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [betː‿sˤar.rɑːpuːtɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [beθː‿sˤar.rɑːpuːtɑː]

### Noun

ܒܹܝܬ ܨܲܪܵܦܘܼܬܵܐ • (bēt ṣarrāpūtā) m (plural ܒܵܬܲܝ̈ ܨܲܪܵܦܘܼܬܵܐ (bāttay ṣarrāpūtā))
* currency exchange, bureau de change (place where foreign currency can be exchanged)
    ܩܲܕ݇ܡܬܵܐ ܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܬ ܠܒܹܝܬ ܨܲܪܵܦܘܼܬܵܐ ܠܨܲܪܘܼܦܹܐ ܟܸܦܣܵܐ ܕܙܘܼܙܘܼܟ݂ ܡ̣ܢ ܕܵܠܵܪ ܠܕܝܼܢܵܪܵܐ.qamtā āzēt l-bēt ṣarrāpūtā l-ṣarūpē kipsā d-zūzūḵ min dālār l-dīnārā.Go to the currency exchange first to change the currency of your money from the dollar to the denarius.
# ܛܝܒܘ ܕܝܢ ܠ-
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [tˤeːbuː‿denː‿lə.]

### Preposition

ܛܲܝܒܘܼ ܕܹܝܢ ܠ- • (ṭaybū dēn l-)
* thanks to
    ܕܝܼܪܝܼ ܠܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܫܠܝܼܡܵܐ، ܛܲܝܒܘܼ ܕܹܝܢ ܠܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ.dīrī l-baytā šlīmā, ṭaybū dēn l-allāhā.I returned home safe and sound, thanks to God.

#### Usage notes

This is normally used with a positive connotation, ܒܪܹܝܫ (brēš) is used sarcastically.

#### See also

* ܫܟܝܼܪܵܐ (škīrā)
# ܚܠܡ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Aramaic חְלַם (ḥəlam), from Proto-Semitic; compare Arabic حَلَمَ (ḥalama) and Hebrew חָלַם (khalám).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [xɑːlemː]

### Verb

ܚܵܠܹܡ • (ḥālēm)
* to dream
    ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܡܝܼܟ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ، ܟܹܐ ܚܵܠܡܹܬ ܝܲܬܝܼܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܕܵܟ݂ܪܹܬ.īman dmīḵā ìwet, kē ḥālmēt yatīr min dāḵrēt.When you are asleep, you dream more than you remember.

#### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/G-strong|ܚ|ܠ|ܡ}}
# ܚܪܛ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Aramaic חֲרַט (ḥăraṭ, “to cut in, incise, scratch deeply”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [xɑːretˤː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [xaːrɪtˤ]

### Verb

ܚܵܪܹܛ • (ḥārēṭ)
* to cut in, incise
* to scratch, tally, tick a box in a form
    ܚܪܘܿܛ ܒܨܲܢܕܘܼܩܵܐ ܕܫܵܘܹܐ ܠܦܘܼܢܵܝܵܐ ܬܪܝܼܨܵܐ.ḥrōṭ b-ṣandūqā d-šāwē l-pūnāyā trīṣā.Put a check mark in the box corresponding to the correct answer.
* to zip up (with a zipper)
    ܚܪܘܿܛ ܟ̰ܵܟܹܝܬܘܿܟ݂ ― ḥrōṭ čākētōḵ ― Zip up your jacket
* to tuck in (part of an article of clothing)
* to close curtains or drapes
* to roll up sleeves or pants

#### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/G-strong|ܚ|ܪ|ܛ}}

#### Derived terms

* ܡܚܲܪܡܸܛ (mḥarmiṭ, “to scratch”)
# ܬܪܝܢܝ ܠܫܢܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [traj.jɑːnɑːj.‿lɪʃ.ʃɑːneː]

### Adjective

ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ • (trayyānāy liššānē) (feminine ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝܲܬ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ (trayyānāyat liššānē), plural ܬܪ̈ܲܝܵܢܵܝܲܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ (trayyānāyay liššānē))
* bilingual, diglot, two-tongued (having the ability to speak two languages)
* bilingual (spoken or written in two different languages)
    ܟܠ ܡܲܕܪܲܫܬܵܐ ܐܵܫܘܿܪܵܝܬܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ ܠܵܗ̇ ܦܘܼܫܵܩ ܡܸܠܹ̈ܐ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ.Every Assyrian school contains a bilingual dictionary
* bilingual (characterized by the use or presence of two languages)
    ܫܲܒ݂ܪܹ̈ܐ ܐܵܫܘܿܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܒܓܵܠܘܼܬܵܐ ܣܢܝܼܩܹ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܠܝܘܼܠܦܵܢܵܐ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ.Assyrian children in the diaspora are in need of a bilingual education.
* gossiping

### Noun

ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ • (trayyānāy liššānē) m sg (plural ܬܪ̈ܲܝܵܢܵܝܲܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ (trayyānāyay liššānē), feminine ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝܲܬ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ (trayyānāyat liššānē))
* bilingual (person who is able to use two languages)
    ܪܵܒܵܐ ܐܵܫܘܿܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܒܓܵܠܘܼܬܵܐ ܬܪ̈ܲܝܵܢܵܝܲܝ ܠܸܫܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܝܢܵܐ.rābā āšōrāyē b-gālūtā trayyānāyay liššānē ìnā.Many Assyrians in the diaspora are bilinguals.
* gossiper
# ܐܚܟܝ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Northern Kurdish. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʔax.t͡ʃiː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ʔax.t͡ʃˤiː]

### Adverb

ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ • (aḥčī)
* (colloquial) just, only, simply, mere, ordinary.
    ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ ܚܲܕ݇ ܡܸܢܕܝܼ ܙܥܘܿܪܵܐ ― aḥčī ḥa mindī zˁōrā ― Just a little something
    ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܒܵܥܹܝܢ ܝܵܗ݇ܒ݂ܹܢ ܫܠܵܡܹ̈ܐaḥčī kē bāˁēn yāḇēn šlāmēI just wanted to say hi
* (colloquial) purposelessly, without a reason
    Synonym: ܗܵܕܲܟ݂ (hādaḵ)
    ܠܵܐ ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ ― lā wē lēh aḥčī ― It didn’t happen for no reason
    ܐܘܼܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܠܹܐ ܩܵܛܹܠ ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ ― ūp ḥa lē qāṭēl aḥčī ― No one kills for no reason

#### See also

* ܒܵܣ (bās)
* ܒܲܠܚܘܿܕ݂ (balḥōḏ)

### Interjection

ܐܲܚܟ̰ܝܼ • (aḥčī)
* (colloquial) just kidding, it was only a joke.
# ܗܡܙܡܢ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Northern Kurdish hemziman (“mutual speech”) or Persian. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “probably derived from همزمان (hamzamân “simultaneously””)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [heːmɪz.mɑnː]

### Noun

ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ • (hēmizmān) f sg (plural ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ (hēmizmānē))
* (grammar) word (unit of language)
    Synonyms: ܡܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (milṯā), ܬܲܢܲܝܬܵܐ (tannaytā), ܡܬܘܼܢܲܝܬܵܐ (mtūnaytā)
    ܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܗܘܼܓܵܝܵܐ ܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܒܐܸܢܓܠܝܼܣ؟mā ìlēh huggāyā d-āhā hēmizmān b-inglīs?What is the spelling of this word in English?
** 1 Peter 1:25:
    ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܕܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܦܵܝܫܵܐ ܠܥܵܠܲܡ. ܘܐܵܗܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܕܦܝܼܫ ܠܵܗ̇ ܡܘܼܟܪܸܙܬܵܐ ܐܸܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ.īnā hēmizmān d-māryā kē pāyšā l-ˁālam. w-āhā ìlāh hēmizmān d-pīš lāh mukriztā illāwḵōn.But the word of the Lord endures forever. Now this is the word which by the gospel was preached to you.
* statement, saying, utterance
    ܫܡܝܼܥ ܠܲܢ ܗܹܡܸܙܡܵܢ ܥܲܡܘܼܛܬܵܐ ܘܥܣܲܩܬܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܪܹܝܫ ܫܲܪܝܼܪܹ̈ܐ.šmīˁ lan hēmizmān ˁamuṭtā w-ˁsaqtā min rēš šarīrē.We heard an obscure and confusing statement from the prime minister.

#### Derived terms

* ܗܲܡܙܸܡ (hamzim, “to speak”)

#### See also

* ܡܸܠܬܵܐ (miltā)
# ܫܡܥܚܙܘܝܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Blend of ܫܸܡܥܵܐ (šimˁā, “hearing”) +‎ ܚܸܙܘܵܐ (ḥizwā, “vision”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃɪm.ʕə.xɪz.wɑːjɑː]

### Adjective

ܫܡܸܥܚܸܙܘܵܝܵܐ • (šmiˁḥizwāyā) (feminine ܫܡܸܥܚܸܙܘܵܝܬܵܐ (šmiˁḥizwāytā), plural ܫܡܸܥܚܸܙܘܵܝܹ̈ܐ (šmiˁḥizwāyē))
* audiovisual (containing both aural and visual elements)
    ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܡܚܵܘܝܵܢܘܼܬܵܐ ܫܡܸܥܚܸܙܘܵܝܬܵܐ ܝܲܩܝܼܪܬܵܐ، ܡ̣ܢ ܨܘܼܪ̈ܵܬܹܐ ܡܸܬܬܙܝܼܥܵܢܝܵܬܹ̈ܐ ܘܙܸܡܪܵܐ ܘܪܵܒܵܐ ܡܵܘܕܥܵܢܘܼܬܵܐ.ˁḇīd lhōn mḥāwyānūtā šmiˁḥizwāytā yaqīrtā, min ṣūrātē mittzīˁānyātē w-zimrā w-rābā māwdˁānūtā.They made an amazing audiovisual presentation, with movies and music as well as plenty of information.

#### Derived terms

* ܫܸܡܥܚܸܙܘܵܐܝܼܬ (šimˁḥizwāˀīt, “audiovisually”)
# ܡܟܙܟܙ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic and reduplicated

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [mət͡ʃˤaz.t͡ʃˤɪz.]

### Verb

ܡܟ̰ܲܙܟ̰ܸܙ • (mčazčiz)
* (intransitive) to sizzle (to make the sound of water boiling on a hot surface)
    ܣܲܪ̈ܣܝܼܩܹܐ ܡܟ̰ܲܙܟ̰ܘܼܙܹܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܥܲܠ ܛܲܦܫܵܐ.sarsīqē mčazčūzē ìwā ˁal ṭapšā.The saussages were sizzling on the barbecue.
* (transitive) to sizzle (to cook in a manner which causes that sound)
    ܡܟ̰ܘܼܙܟ̰ܸܙ ܠܝܼ ܒܸܣܪܵܐ ܒܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ ܕܲܩܝܼܩܹ̈ܐ ܓܵܘ ܡܲܩܠܝܵܐ.mčūzčiz lī bisrā b-ḥakmā daqīqē gāw maqlyā.I sizzled the meat for a few minutes in the pan.

#### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/Q-strong|ܟ̰|ܙ|ܟ̰|ܙ}}
# ܣܦܕܝܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From a metathesis of Aramaic בֵּיסָדְיָא (bēsāḏyā) with an initial /b/ resulting in /p/. Itself a contraction of בֵּית אִיסָדָא (bêṯ ʾĕsāḏā, literally “place of the foundation; thing placed beneath to rest upon”), ultimately Proto-Semitic in origin; compare also found in Classical Syriac ܒܣܕܝܐ (bēsāḏyā), as well as in Arabic وِسَادَة (wisāda), Hebrew יְסוֹד (yesód, “base, foundation”), Ugaritic 𐎊𐎒𐎄 (ysd, “base, foundation”) and Akkadian 𒅖𒁲 (/⁠išdu⁠/, “base, foundation”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [spaːdiːθaː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [spadiːθa], [stabiːθa]

### Noun

ܣܦܵܕܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (spādīṯā) f sg (plural ܣ̈ܦܵܕܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (spādyāṯā))
* pillow, cushion
    ܡܲܪܝܲܡ ܟܹܐ ܕܵܡܟ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܡ ܬܠܵܬ݂ ܣ̈ܦܵܕܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܫܘܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ!maryam kē dāmḵā ˁam tlāṯ spādyāṯā ˁal šwīṯā!Mary sleeps with three pillows on the bed!
** Mark 4:38:
    ܘܝܼܫܘܿܥ ܕܡܝܼܟ݂ܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܣܦܵܕܝܼܬܵܐ ܒܚܲܪܬܵܐ ܕܣܦܝܼܢ݇ܬܵܐ. ܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܠܟܸܣ ܠܹܗ ܘܡܘܼܪܥܸܫ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܘܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܗܘܿܢ: «ܪܲܒܲܢ، ܠܹܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܬܲܚܡܘܼܢܹܐ ܕܒܸܛܠܵܩܵܐ ܝܘܲܚ؟»w-īšōˁ dmīḵā ìwā ˁal spādītā b-ḥartā d-spītā. tē lēh lkis lēh w-murˁiš lhōn w-mīrhōn: “rabban, lē ìwet taḥmūnē d-biṭlāqā ìwaḥ?”But He was in the stern, asleep on a pillow. And they awoke Him and said to Him: “Teacher, do You not care that we are perishing?”

#### Derived terms

* ܩܪܵܡܵܐ ܕܣܦܵܕܝܼܬܵܐ (qrāmā dspādītā, “pillowcase”)
* ܦܲܐܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܣܦܵܕܝܼܬܵܐ (paˀṯā dspādītā, “pillowcase”)
* ܣܦܵܕܝܼܬܵܐ ܗܵܘܵܝܬܵܐ (spādītā hāwāytā, “airbag”)
# normeerata
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Swedish normera.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnormeːrɑtɑˣ/, [ˈno̞rme̞ːˌrɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑtɑ
* Hyphenation: nor‧mee‧ra‧ta

### Verb

normeerata
* (transitive) Synonym of standardisoida (“to standardize”)
* (transitive) Synonym of normalisoida (“to normalize”)

#### Derived terms

* normeerautuva
# nyyhkiä
## Finnish
### Etymology

nyyh +‎ -hkiä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnyːhkiæˣ/, [ˈnyːçk̟iæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -yːhkiæ
* Hyphenation: nyyh‧kiä

### Verb

nyyhkiä
* to sob

#### Derived terms

* nyyhke
* nyyhkintä
* nyyhkinä
* nyyhky
* nyyhkäistä

#### Related terms

* nyyhke
* nyyhkyttää
* nyyhkytys

### Further reading

* “nyyhkiä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# вкрадений
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

вкрасти (vkrasty) +‎ -ений (-enyj)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʍkradenei̯]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Participle

вкра́дений • (vkrádenyj)
* passive adjectival past participle of вкра́сти pf (vkrásty)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вкрадений”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “вкрадений”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “вкрадений”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “вкрадений”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “вкрадений”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# osastoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

osasto +‎ -oida

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈosɑstoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈo̞s̠ɑ̝s̠ˌto̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: osas‧toi‧da

### Verb

osastoida
* (transitive) To subdivide into different compartments.

#### Derived terms

* osastointi

### Further reading

* “osastoida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# oudostua
## Finnish
### Etymology

outo +‎ -stua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈou̯dostuɑˣ/, [ˈo̞u̯do̞s̠ˌtuɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: ou‧dos‧tua

### Verb

oudostua
* (intransitive, archaic) Synonym of kummastua

#### Derived terms

* oudostella
# paljastella
## Finnish
### Etymology

paljastaa +‎ -ella

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑljɑstelːɑˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝ljɑ̝s̠ˌte̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːɑ
* Hyphenation: pal‧jas‧tel‧la

### Verb

paljastella
* (intransitive, transitive) to expose, reveal (especially of exposing something indecent, e.g. exposing oneself indecently)

#### Derived terms

* paljastelu
# ܒܬ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Alternative forms

* ܒܸܕ (bid)

### Etymology

Likely from *ܒܥܹܐ ܕ (*bˁē d, “he (it) is wished that”). Compare Turoyo ܓ݄ܕ.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [bit]

### Particle

ܒܸܬ • (bit)
* (auxiliary) Used to express the future tense
    ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܢ ܠܡܲܕܪܵܫܬܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ.ānā bit āzēn lmadrāštā qudmē.I will go to school tomorrow.
* (auxiliary, used with past participle and verb inflected ܗܵܘܹܐ (hāwē)) Used to express the future anterior
    ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܹܝܢ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕܵܐ ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ.ānā bit hāwēn ˁḇīdā qudmē.I will have finished it tomorrow.
* (auxiliary, used with past participle and ܗ݇ܘܵܐ (wā)) Used to express the conditional tense.
    ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܩܵܝܡܹܢ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܡܵܬܵܐ ܐܸܢ ܠܵܐ ܝܘܸܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܵܟ݂ܵܐ.ānā bit qāymēn wā min mātā in lā ìwet wā āḵā.I would leave the village if you were not here.
* (auxiliary, used with past participle and conditional of the verb inflected ܗܵܘܹܐ (hawe)) Used to express the past conditional tense.
    ܐܸܢ ܐܵܢܵܐ ܠܲܝܬ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܠܝܼ ܩܵܛܹ̈ܐ، ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐ݇ܟ݂ܝܼ̈ܠܝܼ ܥܵܩܘܼܒܪܹ̈ܐ.in ānā layt wā lī qāṭē, bit hāwī wā ḵīlī ˁāqubrē.If I had not had cats, the rats would have eaten me.

#### Usage notes

* Some dialects distinguish between this word as “will” and ܙܝܼ (zī) as “going to”.
** In Urmia: Sometimes ܒ is an invariable particle. Rarely used in Tyari and Ashiret where, before 'ܐ' or 'ܕ' alone is used
** In Tyari: ܕܐܵܙܹܠ (d-āzēl, “he will go”)
** In Tyari, Zakho: ܓܸܕ (gid)
** In Azerbaijan, Iran: ܓܒܹܐ (gbē)
# ద్రవము
## Telugu
### Alternative forms

ద్రవం (dravaṁ)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit द्रव (drava) +‎ -ము (-mu).

### Noun

ద్రవము • (dravamu) ? (plural ద్రవములు)
* a liquid substance, liquid
* juice, moisture

### References

* "ద్రవము" in Charles Philip Brown (1903) A Telugu-English dictionary, Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 616
# сланут
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

By surface analysis, (obsolete) слан (slan, “saline”) +‎ -ут (-ut).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sɫɐˈnut]

### Noun

слану́т • (slanút) m (obsolete)
* fried chickpeas
    Synonyms: наху́т (nahút), леблеби́я (leblebíja)

#### Derived terms

* слану́тък (slanútǎk), слану́тка (slanútka) (diminutive)

### References

* Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “слану́тъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 190
* Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сланут”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 853

### Further reading

* “сланоутъкъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025
# sp. z o.o.
## Polish
### Etymology

Abbreviation of spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspuw.ka zɔ.ɡra.ɲiˈt͡ʂɔ.nɔw̃ ɔt.pɔ.vjɛ.d͡ʑalˈnɔɕ.t͡ɕɔw̃/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Noun

sp. z o.o. f
* LLC

### Further reading

* sp. z o.o. in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* sp. z o.o. in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# احمر
## Arabic
### Verb

اِحْمَرَّ • (iḥmarra) IX (non-past يَحْمَرُّ (yaḥmarru), verbal noun اِحْمِرَار (iḥmirār))
* to turn red
* to blush

#### Synonyms

* اِحْمَارَّ (iḥmārra)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَحْمَر (ʔaḥmar).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔah.ˈmaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɦ.mǽɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäɦ.mǽɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.mǽɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.mǽɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæɦ.mǽɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäɦ.mǽɾ]

### Adjective

احمر • (ahmar)
* (dated) red
    Synonyms: قرمز (qermez), سرخ (sorx)
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2593:باز تره در دو ماه اندر رسد / باز تا سالی گل احمر رسدbâz dar du mâh andar rasid / bâz tâ sâl-i gul ahmar rasidVegetables, again, reach maturity in two months, while the red rose comes red in a year.

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic اِحْمَرَّ (iḥmarra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iħ.marr/, [(ɪ)ħˈmɑrˤ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Verb

احمرّ • (iḥmarr) IX (present بحمرّ (biḥmarr))
* to turn red, to redden
* (by extension) to blush
    هي احمرّت من الخجل. ― hiyye iḥmarrat min il-ḵajal ― She blushed out of embarrassment.
* (by extension) to get a sunburn
# krahu
## Albanian
### Noun

krahu
* inflection of krah:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite dative/ablative singular
# روس
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Compare Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs), English Rus, German Russe or Russian Русь (Rusʹ).

### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ruːs/

#### Noun

رُوس • (rūs) m pl or f (collective, singulative رُوسِيّ f (rūsiyy), paucal رُوس (rūs))
* Russians (plural)
* (historical) Rus (feminine singular)
    رُوس الْكِيِيفِيَّة ― rūs al-kiyīfiyya ― Kievan Rus

##### Declension
#### Adjective

رُوس • (rūs) m pl
* masculine plural of رُوسِيّ (rūsiyy)

### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raw.wa.sa/

#### Verb

رَوَّسَ • (rawwasa) II (non-past يُرَوِّسُ (yurawwisu), verbal noun تَرْوِيس (tarwīs))
* to Russify, to make Russian

##### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “روس”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رُوس (rūs, “Russians, Rus”), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾuːs]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ruːs]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ruːs]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ruːs]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [rus]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹuːs]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾus]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

روس • (rus) (plural روس‌ها (rus-hâ))
* Russian
    Synonym: روسی (rusi)

#### Related terms

* روسیه (rusiye)

## Urdu

Picture dictionary :
روس
یورپ
جرمنی
فرانس
ہسپانیہ
جبرالٹر
جرسی
برطانیہ
اطالیہ
روس
یونان
شمالی میسیڈونیا
کوسووہ
ترکی
پولینڈ
کالننگراڈ
لاٹویا
لتھوینیا
استونیا
سویڈن
ناروے
فنلینڈ
سوئٹزر لینڈ
موناکو
انڈورا
کورسکا
لخٹنشٹائن
آسٹریا
جمہوریہ چیک
سلوواکیا
ہنگری
سلووینیا
سربیا
بلغاریہ
البانیا
مونٹینیگرو
سین مارینو
ویٹکن
کروئشا
بوسنیا و ہرزیگووینا
مالٹا
قبرص
آرمینیا
جارجیا
آذربائیجان
رومانیہ
یوکرائن
بیلاروس
پرتگال
نیدر لینڈ
ڈنمارک
بیلجیئم
آئرلینڈ
شمالی آئرلینڈ
ویلز
انگلستان
اسکاٹلینڈ
فیرو جزائر
آئسلینڈ
شام
بحیرہ روم
بحیرہ اسود
بحیرہ شمال
بحر اوقیانوس :

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian روس (rūs), from Arabic رُوس (rūs), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɾuːs/
* Rhymes: -uːs

### Proper noun

رُوس • (rūs) m (Hindi spelling रूस)
* Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

#### Derived terms

* روسی (rūsī)
# ترقيم
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ر ق م (r q m) meaning "to engrave", "to imprint or impress", "to tag or label", "to mark".

### Noun

تَرْقِيم • (tarqīm) m
* verbal noun of رَقَّمَ (raqqama) (form II)
* punctuation
    عَلَامَات التَّرْقِيم ― ʕalāmāt at-tarqīm ― punctuation marks
* pointing
* decorating with stripes or markings
* a mark used in registers and on checks to fill in blank spaces preventing the writing of additional numbers

#### Declension
### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “ترقيم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1138-1140
# ركز
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ر ك ز (r k z). Compare to Hebrew ר־כּ־ז (r-k-z).

### Verb

رَكَزَ • (rakaza) I (non-past يَرْكِزُ (yarkizu) or يَرْكُزُ (yarkuzu), verbal noun رَكْز (rakz))
* to plant into the ground, to embed

#### Conjugation
### Verb

رَكَّزَ • (rakkaza) II (non-past يُرَكِّزُ (yurakkizu), verbal noun تَرْكِيز (tarkīz))
* to fix firmly, to stick with intensity
* to concentrate, to focus [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘on’]

#### Conjugation
### Noun

رَكْز • (rakz) m
* verbal noun of رَكَزَ (rakaza) (form I)

#### Declension
### Noun

رِكْز • (rikz) m
* low sound
* a forbearing, munificent or liberal man

#### Declension
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic رَكَّزَ (rakkaza).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rak.kaz/, [ˈrak.kaz]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

ركّز • (rakkaz) II (present بركّز (birakkez))
* to concentrate, to focus
    خلّينا نركّز على هاي النقطةḵhallēna nrakkaz ʕala hay an-nuqṭaLet’s focus on this point.
# آد
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

آدَ • (ʔāda) I (non-past يَئِيدُ (yaʔīdu), verbal noun أَيْد (ʔayd))
* to be strong

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

آدَ • (ʔāda) I (non-past يَؤُودُ (yaʔūdu), verbal noun أَوْد (ʔawd) or إِيَاد (ʔiyād))
* to bend, to strain, to place under stress, to weigh down, to burden
* to wear down, to deplete, to tire, to exhaust or take up effort
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:255:وَلَا يَؤُودُهُ حِفْظُهُمَاwa-lā yaʔūduhu ḥifẓuhumāAnd the constant keeping of them [the heavens and earth] does not strain Him

##### Conjugation
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

آد (ad) (definite accusative آدێ (adı), plural آدلار (adlar))
* Arabic spelling of ad (“name”)

#### Declension
## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āt.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑd/, /ɑːd/
* Gagauz descendant suggests a long vowel pronunciation existed although it was probably reduced to a short one at most places during late OAT.

### Noun

آدْ (ād, ad)
* name
* (figurative) fame, reputation
    اَرْ مَالِنَه قِییْمَیِنْجَه آدِی چِیقْمَزْär mālına qıymayınca ādı çıqmazA man's fame cannot spread without sacrificing his belongings

#### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: ad
* Gagauz: ad, aad
* Ottoman Turkish: آد (ad)
** Turkish: ad

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ad”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎ (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977, page 2,3,4

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish آدْ (ad, “name”), from Proto-Turkic *āt (“name”). Compare Chuvash ят (jat, “name”).

### Noun

آد • (ad) (definite accusative آدی (adı), plural آدلر (adlar))
* name
* (grammar) noun
* name, fame, reputation

#### Synonyms

* اسم (isim)

#### Related terms

* ادلو (adlu), ادلی (adlı)
* آدسز (adsız), ادسز (adsız)
* ادامق (adamak), آدامق (adamak)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: ad

### References

* Baskakov, N. A. (1991) İsmail Kaynak, A. Mecit Doğru, transl., Gagauz Türkçesinin Sözlüğü [The Dictionary of Gagauz Turkish] (in Turkish), Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları, page 1
# جزيئي
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of جُزَيْء (juzayʔ, “molecule”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒu.zaj.ʔijj/

### Adjective

جُزَيْئِيّ • (juzayʔiyy) (feminine جُزَيْئِيَّة (juzayʔiyya), masculine plural جُزَيْئِيُّونَ (juzayʔiyyūna), feminine plural جُزَيْئِيَّات (juzayʔiyyāt))
* (chemistry, physics) molecular
    الوَزْن الجُزَيْئِيّ ― al-wazn al-juzayʔiyy ― the molecular weight