# 仄

| 仄 | U+4EC4, &#20164; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EC4 |
| ← 仃 [U+4EC3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 仅 → [U+4EC5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

仄 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一人 (MO), four-corner 7128$_0$, composition ⿸厂人)

#### Derived characters

* 𭜔, 㳁, 𣅦, 𠩣, 𫨎, 𩾸, 昃

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 91, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 352
* Dae Jaweon: page 193, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 103, character 7
* Unihan data for U+4EC4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 仄
* Small seal scripts06799
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 仄 | *ʔsrɯɡ |
| 昃 | *ʔsrɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 厂 (“cliff”) + phonetic 夨 (OC *ʔsrɯɡ, “man with crooked head”) – "oblique, slanted"

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zè, zhè (ze$^4$, zhe$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄜˋ, ㄓㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zak$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): za$^5$ / zeh$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheh / chek
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zè
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zè
*** Wade–Giles: tsê$^4$
*** Yale: dzè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeh
*** Palladius: цзэ (czɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, colloquial)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhè
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhè
*** Wade–Giles: chê$^4$
*** Yale: jè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeh
*** Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zak$^1$
*** Yale: jāk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzak$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeg$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: za$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa²¹/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛʔ²/
* za5 - vernacular;
* zeh6 = literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsrik
Rime :
| Character | 仄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 阻力切 |
| Baxter | tsrik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhe |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]rək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 仄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsrik › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]rək/ |
| English | slanting, oblique |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 仄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16607 |
| Phonetic component | 仄 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 稄 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsrɯɡ/ |

#### Definitions

仄
* slanting; oblique
* narrow
* uneasy; worried
* oblique tone
    仄聲／仄声 ― zèshēng ― oblique tone
    平仄 ― píngzè ― level and oblique tones; tonal patterns
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 側 / 侧 (“side”)
* (dialectal) to raise (cause to rise)
* (loanword, Mainland China) zepto- (SI unit prefix)

#### Compounds

* 仄媚
* 仄日 (zèrì)
* 仄目 (zèmù)
* 仄目而視 / 仄目而视
* 仄聞 / 仄闻
* 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng)
* 仄行
* 仄起體 / 仄起体
* 仄陋
* 仄韻 / 仄韵
* 偪仄
* 平仄 (píngzè)
* 搜揚仄陋 / 搜扬仄陋
* 明揚仄陋 / 明扬仄陋
* 歉仄 (qiànzè)
* 赤仄
* 逼仄 (bīzè)

#### See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) :
| | 平仄 (píngzè) | 平仄 (píngzè) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) |
| | 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 上 (shǎng) 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) | 上 (shǎng) 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) | 去 (qù) 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) | 去 (qù) 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) | 入 (rù) 入聲 / 入声 (rùshēng) | 入 (rù) 入聲 / 入声 (rùshēng) |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜀◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜂◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜆ |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | [Term?] | [Term?] | ◌〪 | ◌〪 | ◌〫 | ◌〫 | ◌〬 | ◌〬 | ◌〭 | ◌〭 |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 傍點 / 傍点 | 傍點 / 傍点 | ∅ | ∅ | ◌〮 | ◌〮 | ◌〯 | ◌〯 | ∅ | ∅ |
| | 四聲八調 / 四声八调 | 四聲八調 / 四声八调 | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) | 陰上 / 阴上 (yīnshǎng) | 陽上 / 阳上 (yángshǎng) | 陰去 / 阴去 (yīnqù) | 陽去 / 阳去 (yángqù) | 陰入 / 阴入 (yīnrù) | 陽入 / 阳入 (yángrù) |
| | 陰 / 阴 (yīn) | 陽 / 阳 (yáng) | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) | 陰上 / 阴上 (yīnshǎng) | 陽上 / 阳上 (yángshǎng) | 陰去 / 阴去 (yīnqù) | 陽去 / 阳去 (yángqù) | 陰入 / 阴入 (yīnrù) | 陽入 / 阳入 (yángrù) |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜁◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜃◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜅ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜇ |
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) :
| 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) 一聲 / 一声 | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) 一聲 / 一声 | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) 二聲 / 二声 (èrshēng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) 二聲 / 二声 (èrshēng) | 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) 三聲 / 三声 (sānshēng) | 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) 三聲 / 三声 (sānshēng) | 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 輕聲 / 轻声 (qīngshēng) | 輕聲 / 轻声 (qīngshēng) |
SI prefix :
| Last | | Next |
| 阿 | 介/仄 | 攸/幺 |

### Etymology 2

From English cheque.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zik$^1$ / cek$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zik$^1$ / cek$^1$
*** Yale: jīk / chēk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzik$^7$ / tsek$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jig$^1$ / cég$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪk̚⁵/, /t͡sʰɛːk̚⁵/

#### Noun

仄
* (Cantonese, dated) cheque
** 1965, “賭仔自嘆”, 馬仔 (lyrics), 胡文森 (music), performed by 鄭君綿:
       waak$^6$ zik$^1$ jau$^6$ paa$^3$ daan$^6$ faan$^1$ zyun$^3$ tau$^4$ [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 支票 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 支票 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 支票 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 支票, 則紙 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 支票, cheque |
| Cantonese | Rongxian | 支票 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 支票, cheque |
| Cantonese | Betong (Rongxian) | cheque |
| Hakka | Meixian | 支票 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 支票 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 支票 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 支票 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 支票 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 支票 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 支票 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 支票, 錢票 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 支票 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 支票 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 支票 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 支票 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 支票, 手形 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 支票, 手形 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | cheque |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | cheque, 支票 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 支票 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 支票, cheque |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 銀行票, cheque |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | cheque |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 支票 |

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00077

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* be seen dimly
* suggest, intimate, hint
* faint
* stupid

#### Readings

* Go-on: しき (shiki)
* Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
* Kan’yō-on: そく (soku)
* Kun: ほのか (honoka, 仄か)、かたむく (katamuku, 仄く)

#### Compounds

* 仄白(ほのじろ)い (honojiroi)
* 仄暗(ほのぐら)い (honogurai)

## Korean
### Hanja

仄 (eum 측 (cheuk))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

仄: Hán Nôm readings: trắc
* (linguistics, poetry, of a tone) being neither the ngang or huyền tone
    Antonym: bằng
* (poetry, of a rhyme) carrying a trắc tone