# 吭

| 吭 | U+542D, &#21549; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-542D |
| ← 听 [U+542C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 吮 → [U+542E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

吭 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口卜竹弓 (RYHN), four-corner 6001$_7$, composition ⿰口亢)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3353
* Dae Jaweon: page 396, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 594, character 5
* Unihan data for U+542D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 笐 | *kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋs |
| 亢 | *kaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs |
| 牨 | *kaːŋ |
| 苀 | *kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ |
| 魧 | *kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ |
| 迒 | *kaːŋ, *ɡaːŋ |
| 邟 | *kʰaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ |
| 忼 | *kʰaːŋʔ, *qʰaːŋ |
| 骯 | *kʰaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋʔ, *qaːŋ |
| 抗 | *kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ |
| 炕 | *kʰaːŋs, *qʰaːŋ |
| 伉 | *kʰaːŋs |
| 閌 | *kʰaːŋs |
| 犺 | *kʰaːŋs |
| 蚢 | *kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ |
| 砊 | *kʰaːŋs, *kʰraːŋ |
| 阬 | *kʰaːŋs, *kʰraːŋ |
| 頏 | *kʰaːŋs, *ɡaːŋ |
| 航 | *ɡaːŋ |
| 杭 | *ɡaːŋ |
| 沆 | *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ |
| 肮 | *ɡaːŋ |
| 吭 | *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋs |
| 秔 | *kraːŋ |
| 坑 | *kʰraːŋ |
| 劥 | *kʰraːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡaːŋ, *ɡaːŋʔ, *ɡaːŋs): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 亢 (OC *kaːŋ, *kʰaːŋs)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kēng (keng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hang$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khóng / khngh / khōng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: keng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻêng$^1$
*** Yale: kēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keng
*** Palladius: кэн (kɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hang$^1$
*** Yale: hāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khóng
*** Tâi-lô: khóng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qorng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khngh
*** Tâi-lô: khngh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qngq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰŋ̍ʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khōng
*** Tâi-lô: khōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qong
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ³³/

#### Definitions

吭
* to utter; to utter a sound

#### Compounds

* 不吭氣 / 不吭气
* 不敢吭聲 / 不敢吭声
* 吭哧 (kēngchi)
* 吭氣 / 吭气 (kēngqì)
* 吭聲 / 吭声 (kēngshēng)
* 悶不吭聲 / 闷不吭声

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): háng (hang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâng / hông
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: háng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: háng
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^2$
*** Yale: háng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harng
*** Palladius: хан (xan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^4$
*** Yale: hòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâng
*** Tâi-lô: hâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /haŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /haŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
*** Tâi-lô: hông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: hang, hangH
Rime :
| Character | 吭 | 吭 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 胡郎切 | 下浪切 |
| Baxter | hang | hangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑŋ/ | /ɦɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑŋ/ | /ɦɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑŋ/ | /ɣɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaŋ/ | /ɦaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑŋ/ | /ɣɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑŋ/ | /ɣɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑŋ/ | /ɣɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | háng | hàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hong$^4$ | hong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːŋ/, /*ɡaːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吭 | 吭 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 7389 | 7394 |
| Phonetic component | 亢 | 亢 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 航 | 吭 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːŋ/ | /*ɡaːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

吭
* throat (of birds)
* throat in general

#### Compounds

* 引吭
* 引吭高歌
* 扼吭
* 扼吭拊背
* 搗虛批吭 / 捣虚批吭

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hàng (hang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hàng
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^4$
*** Yale: hàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanq
*** Palladius: хан (xan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: hangX
Rime :
| Character | 吭 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡朗切 |
| Baxter | hangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吭 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 7393 |
| Phonetic component | 亢 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 沆 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːŋʔ/ |

#### Definitions

吭
* voice
* to swallow

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* throat
* neck
* pivot

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごう (gō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: のど (nodo, 吭)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 吭
* のど Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 吭 – see the following entry. :
| 【のど】 | [noun] the throat [noun] (by extension) one's singing voice [noun] (by extension) one's vitals Alternative spellings 喉, 咽 |
(This term, 吭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

吭 • (hang) (hangeul 항, revised hang, McCune–Reischauer hang)
* throat