# 暉

| 暉 | U+6689, &#26249; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6689 |
| ← 暈 [U+6688] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 暊 → [U+668A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

暉 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 日月十十 (ABJJ), four-corner 6705$_6$, composition ⿰日軍)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 497, character 38
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14038
* Dae Jaweon: page 865, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1526, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6689

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 暉
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 揮 | *qʰul |
| 輝 | *qʰul |
| 翬 | *qʰul |
| 暉 | *qʰul |
| 煇 | *qʰul, *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 楎 | *qʰul, *ɡuːn |
| 瀈 | *qʰul |
| 韗 | *qʰons, *ɢuns |
| 褌 | *kuːn |
| 鶤 | *kuːn, *ɢuns |
| 緷 | *kuːnʔ, *ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns |
| 睴 | *kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 璭 | *kuːns |
| 瘒 | *ŋɡuːn |
| 顐 | *ŋɡuːn, *ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn |
| 諢 | *ŋɡuːns |
| 餫 | *ɡuːn, *ɢuns |
| 渾 | *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 琿 | *ɡuːn |
| 鼲 | *ɡuːn |
| 堚 | *ɡuːn |
| 鯶 | *ɡuːnʔ |
| 軍 | *kun |
| 皸 | *kun, *kuns |
| 齳 | *ŋɡunʔ |
| 喗 | *ŋɡunʔ |
| 葷 | *qʰun |
| 惲 | *qunʔ |
| 賱 | *qunʔ |
| 運 | *ɢuns |
| 暈 | *ɢuns |
| 鄆 | *ɢuns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰul): semantic 日 (“Sun”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huī (hui$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fai$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fî
    (Hailu, HRS): fui$^ˋ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hui$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hui
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huei
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^1$
*** Yale: hwēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
*** Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fai$^1$
*** Yale: fāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fî
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fui$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fui⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭi
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui
*** Tâi-lô: hui
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hui³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: xjw+j
Rime :
| Character | 暉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (21) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許歸切 |
| Baxter | xjw+j |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hʉi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hʷɨi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiuəi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /huj/ |
| Li Rong | /xiuəi/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭwəi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xwe̯i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fai$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷʰər/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰul/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 暉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjwɨj › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷʰər/ |
| English | brilliant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 暉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7306 |
| Phonetic component | 軍 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 揮 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰul/ |
| Notes | 同輝 |

### Definitions

暉
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) sunlight; sunshine

#### Usage notes

Now chiefly used in male personal names.

### Compounds

* 三春暉 / 三春晖 (sānchūnhuī)
* 夕暉 / 夕晖
* 夕陽餘暉 / 夕阳余晖
* 寸草春暉 / 寸草春晖
* 慈暉 / 慈晖
* 斜暉 / 斜晖 (xiéhuī)
* 春暉 / 春晖 (chūnhuī)
* 暉映 / 晖映 (huīyìng)
* 暉暉 / 晖晖
* 朝暉 / 朝晖 (zhāohuī)
* 落暉 / 落晖
* 餘暉 / 余晖 (yúhuī)
* 馳暉 / 驰晖
* 鮑令暉 / 鲍令晖

### References

* William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 228.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “晖”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 95.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* light, shine

#### Readings

* Go-on: き (ki)
* Kan-on: き (ki)
* Kun: かがやく (kagayaku, 暉く)

#### Compounds

* 暉暉(きき) (kiki)
* 旭暉(きょっき) (kyokki)
* 國暉(こっき) (Kokki)
* 斜暉(しゃき) (shaki)
* 清(せい)暉(き) (seiki)
* 夕暉(せっき) (sekki)
* 朝暉(ちょうき) (chōki)
* 落暉(らっき) (rakki)

## Korean
### Hanja

暉 (eumhun 빛 휘 (bit hwi))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Naver Hanja Dictionary: 暉

## Vietnamese
### Han character

暉: Hán Việt readings: huy
暉: Nôm readings: hoe, huy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Nom Foundation