# 殸

| 殸 | U+6BB8, &#27576; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BB8 |
| ← 殷 [U+6BB7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 殹 → [U+6BB9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

殸 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土竹竹弓水 (GHHNE), composition ⿰声殳)

#### Descendants

* 撀, 㯏, 漀, 㷫, 㿦, 磬, 䅽, 㲆, 㲇, 㲈, 罄, 聲, 𪵑, 謦, 䡰(𰺘), 鏧, 𣫙, 韾, 馨, 毊, 𪚣(𬺝), 𤯒

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 585, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16633
* Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2159, character 6
* Unihan data for U+6BB8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 殸 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 殸 | *kʰreːŋ, *kʰeːŋs |
| 聲 | *qʰjeŋ |
| 謦 | *kʰeːŋʔ, *kʰeːŋs |
| 磬 | *kʰeːŋs |
| 罄 | *kʰeːŋs |
| 馨 | *qʰeːŋ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 声 (“stone chime”) + 殳 (“hand holding a hammer or a mallet”) — a stone chime being struck by a mallet. Compare 鼓, in which a drum is being beaten. See also the right component of 段. See also 㱿.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kēng (keng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: keng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻêng$^1$
*** Yale: kēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keng
*** Palladius: кэн (kɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kheang, khengH
Rime :
| Character | 殸 | 殸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | IV |
| Fanqie | 口莖切 | 苦定切 |
| Baxter | kheang | khengH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰˠɛŋ/ | /kʰeŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰᵚæŋ/ | /kʰeŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɐŋ/ | /kʰɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəɨjŋ/ | /kʰɛjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰɛŋ/ | /kʰeŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰæŋ/ | /kʰieŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰæŋ/ | /kʰieŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kēng | qìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hang$^1$ | hing$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[C.qʰ]ˤeŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰreːŋ/, /*kʰeːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 殸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qìng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kheng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[C.qʰ]ˁeŋ-s/ |
| English | hanging musical stone |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 殸 | 殸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10513 | 10516 |
| Phonetic component | 殸 | 殸 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鏗 | 罄 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰreːŋ/ | /*kʰeːŋs/ |
| Notes | | 籀文磬 |

#### Definitions

殸
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) enemy

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 殸 – see 磬 (“stone chimes; sounding stone; qing; inverted bell”). (This character is a variant form of 磬).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 殸 – see 聲 (“sound; noise; voice; music; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 聲).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C05907

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* voice

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けい (kei)、きょう (kyō)、こう (kō)、せい (sei)、しょう (shō)
* Kun: けい (kei)、てき (teki)、こえ (koe)

## Korean
### Hanja

殸 • (seong) (hangeul 성, revised seong, McCune–Reischauer sŏng, Yale seng)
* voice
* elegance
* song
* honor