# 根

| 根 | U+6839, &#26681; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6839 |
| ← 核 [U+6838] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 栺 → [U+683A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

根 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木日女 (DAV), four-corner 4793$_2$, composition ⿰木艮)

#### Derived characters

* 𬓓 𬕤 𦶠 𡏒 𬻩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 524, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14745
* Dae Jaweon: page 912, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1208, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6839

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 根
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kɯːn): semantic 木 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

### Etymology

Possibly of Austroasiatic origin (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *(d)kər (“tree, plant”) (whence Proto-Vietic *kəl > Vietnamese cây, Muong câl), *d₂gəl ~ d₂g(əə)l (“trunk; stump”) (whence Khmer គល់ (kŭəl, “stump; floating log”), Proto-Monic *t(l)gəl (“stump”)).
Alternatively, Smith (2011) proposes a derivation from 荄 (OC *kɯː, “grassroot”) with redundant nominalizing suffix *-n. See 荄 for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gēn (gen$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄣ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen$^1$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гын (gɨn, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gan$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gin$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): gien$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kîn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gin$^1$ / gên$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): geng$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): gṳ́ing
* Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng / gŏng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gyng$^1$ / geng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kun / kin / kern / kirn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): geng$^1$ / gêng$^1$ / ging$^1$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): gieng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ken
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gen
*** Wade–Giles: kên$^1$
*** Yale: gēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gen
*** Palladius: гэнь (gɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kən⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (根兒 / 根儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gēnr
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄣㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: genr
*** Wade–Giles: kên$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: gēnr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gel
*** Palladius: гэньр (gɛnʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /kəɻ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: gen$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
*** Sinological IPA : /kən⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гын (gɨn, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /kəŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gan$^1$
*** Yale: gān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kin³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: gien$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛn⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: gin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gin$^1$ / gên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kin⁴⁴/, /kɛn⁴⁴/
* Meixian:
** gin1 - vernacular;
** gên1 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: kon
Rime :
| Character | 根 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 痕 (53) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古痕切 |
| Baxter | kon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kən/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kən/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kən/ |
| Li Rong | /kən/ |
| Wang Li | /kən/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gēn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤə[r]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 根 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gēn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁə[r]/ |
| English | root, trunk |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 根 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3920 |
| Phonetic component | 艮 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 根 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯːn/ |

### Definitions

根
* (botany) root (Classifier: 條／条 m)
    樹根／树根 ― shùgēn ― root of a tree
* base; basis; foundation
* family root; ancestors
    尋根／寻根 ― xúngēn ― to search for one's ancestral roots
* (figurative) descendant; offspring
* source; origin
* (figurative) penis (Classifier: 條／条 m)
* (Buddhism) indriya; faculty; spiritual faculty
* (arithmetic) root
    均方根 ― jūnfānggēn ― root mean square
* (mathematics) solution to an algebraic equation (Classifier: 個／个 m)
* (chemistry) radical
* (computing) root
    根目錄／根目录 ― gēn mùlù ― root directory
    根分區／根分区 ― gēn fēnqū ― root partition
* completely; from the source
* Classifier for long, slender objects, such as cigarettes, fingers, candles, ropes, and guitar strings. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

#### Synonyms

* (descendant):
* 下輩 / 下辈 (xiàbèi)
* 仔孫 / 仔孙 (zai$^2$ syun$^1$) (Cantonese)
* 兒孫 / 儿孙 (érsūn)
* 囝孫 / 囝孙 (Min)
* 子孫 / 子孙 (zǐsūn)
* 子胤 (zǐyìn) (literary)
* 孫子 / 孙子 (literary)
* 後人 / 后人 (hòurén)
* 後代 / 后代 (hòudài)
* 後嗣 / 后嗣 (hòusì)
* 後生 / 后生 (hòushēng) (literary)
* 後裔 / 后裔 (hòuyì)
* 緒餘 / 绪余 (xùyú) (literary)
* 苗 (miáo) (literary, or in compounds)
* 遺裔 / 遗裔 (yíyì) (literary)
* 餘緒 / 余绪 (yúxù) (literary)
* (source):
* 來源 / 来源 (láiyuán)
* 出處 / 出处
* 基本 (jīběn)
* 大本 (dàběn) (literary)
* 本源 (běnyuán)
* 根本 (gēnběn)
* 根源 (gēnyuán)
* 根頭 / 根头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 泉源 (quányuán)
* 淵源 / 渊源 (yuānyuán)
* 源 (yuán) (literary, or in compounds)
* 源泉 (yuánquán) (figurative)
* 源頭 / 源头 (yuántóu) (figurative)
* 濫觴 / 滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
* 由來 / 由来 (yóulái)
* 起源 (qǐyuán)
* (arithmetic root): 方根 (fānggēn)
* (classifier):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 根兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 根兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 根 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 根 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 根兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 根 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 條 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 根 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 根 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 根兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 根 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 根 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 根 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 根 |
| Jin | Linhe | 根 |
| Jin | Jining | 根 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 根 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 根 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 根兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 根兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 根 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 根 |
| Jin | Suide | 根 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 支 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 支 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 根, 支 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 根兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 根兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 根兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 根 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 根 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 根兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 根兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 支 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 根 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 隻 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 支, 隻 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 根 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 根 |
| Jin | Datong | 根 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 根 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 根 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 根 |
| Jin | Linhe | 根 |
| Jin | Jining | 根 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 根 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 根 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 根兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 根兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 根 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 根 |
| Jin | Suide | 根 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 奇 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 支 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 奇 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 根 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 根兒, 個 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 苗, 根兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 口, 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 根 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 眼, 口 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 支, 眼 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 眼 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 眼 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 口 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 根, 管 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 枚 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 根 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 枚 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 條 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 支 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 支 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 隻, 根 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 枚 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 口 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 口 |
* The dial-syn page 「根-4」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 支 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 根兒, 顆, 支 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 根 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 顆, 根兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 根兒, 支 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 杆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 根 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 根, 支 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 根 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 支 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 支, 飛 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 支 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 根 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 支 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 根, 支 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 支, 筒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 條 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 支, 叢 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 支 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 支 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 根, 支 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 支 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 根 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 根 |

### Compounds

* 主根 (zhǔgēn)
* 二年根
* 二根
* 五根
* 側根 / 侧根
* 假根
* 六根
* 公根
* 六根清淨 / 六根清净
* 刨根 (páogēn)
* 刨根問底 / 刨根问底 (páogēnwèndǐ)
* 刨根究底 (páogēnjiūdǐ)
* 剗草除根 / 刬草除根
* 剪草除根
* 劣根性 (liègēnxìng)
* 卑爾根 / 卑尔根 (Bēi'ěrgēn)
* 叢塊根 / 丛块根
* 吐根
* 同根
* 吐根鹼 / 吐根碱
* 呼吸根
* 命根 (mìnggēn)
* 命根子 (mìnggēnzi)
* 咬定牙根
* 咬舌根
* 咬菜根
* 善根 (shàngēn)
* 嚼舌根
* 嚼菜根
* 土長根生 / 土长根生
* 城根 (chénggēn)
* 埋根
* 培根 (péigēn)
* 培根論 / 培根论
* 塊根 / 块根 (kuàigēn)
* 墊根兒 / 垫根儿
* 墊舌根 / 垫舌根
* 壓根兒 / 压根儿
* 大根腳 / 大根脚
* 娼根
* 存根 (cúngēn)
* 字根
* 孽根
* 安根子
* 宿根
* 密西根州
* 密西根湖
* 尋根 / 寻根 (xúngēn)
* 尋根問底 / 寻根问底
* 尋根究底 / 寻根究底 (xúngēnjiūdǐ)
* 屋根
* 山打根 (Shāndǎgēn)
* 山根 (shāngēn)
* 山豆根 (shāndòugēn)
* 平方根 (píngfānggēn)
* 底根兒 / 底根儿
* 引繩批根 / 引绳批根
* 引繩排根 / 引绳排根
* 性根
* 意根
* 慧根 (huìgēn)
* 扎根 (zhāgēn)
* 拔樹尋根 / 拔树寻根
* 挖牆根 / 挖墙根
* 挖老根
* 掌根
* 提根兒 / 提根儿
* 搜根剔齒 / 搜根剔齿
* 搜根問底 / 搜根问底
* 搜根究底
* 斬草除根 / 斩草除根 (zhǎncǎochúgēn)
* 斷根 / 断根 (duàngēn)
* 斷根絕種 / 断根绝种
* 方根 (fānggēn)
* 本根
* 板根
* 根兒 / 根儿 (gēnr)
* 根兒底下 / 根儿底下
* 根刷
* 根勘
* 根原
* 根問 / 根问
* 根嗣
* 根器
* 根基 (gēnjī)
* 根壓 / 根压
* 根壯葉茂 / 根壮叶茂
* 根子 (gēnzi)
* 根尋 / 根寻
* 根底 (gēndǐ)
* 根式 (gēnshì)
* 根性 (gēnxìng)
* 根情
* 根指數 / 根指数
* 根插
* 根據 / 根据 (gēnjù)
* 根據地 / 根据地 (gēnjùdì)
* 根數 / 根数 (gēnshù)
* 根本 (gēnběn)
* 根本法 (gēnběnfǎ)
* 根朽枝枯
* 根柢 (gēndǐ)
* 根株
* 根椽片瓦
* 根氣 / 根气
* 根治 (gēnzhì)
* 根深固本
* 根深柢固 (gēnshēndǐgù)
* 根深蒂固 (gēnshēndìgù)
* 根深葉茂 / 根深叶茂
* 根源 (gēnyuán)
* 根特 (Gēntè)
* 根狀莖 / 根状茎
* 根生土長 / 根生土长
* 根由 (gēnyóu)
* 根瘤 (gēnliú)
* 根瘤菌 (gēnliújūn)
* 根究 (gēnjiū)
* 根管治療 / 根管治疗 (gēnguǎn zhìliáo)
* 根系 (gēnxì)
* 根絆 / 根绊
* 根絕 / 根绝 (gēnjué)
* 根緣 / 根缘
* 根腳 / 根脚 (gēnjiǎo)
* 根芽
* 根苗 (gēnmiáo)
* 根莖 / 根茎 (gēnjīng)
* 根菜類 / 根菜类 (gēncàilèi)
* 根蒂
* 根蘗繁殖
* 根號 / 根号 (gēnhào)
* 根詞 / 根词
* 根部
* 根除 (gēnchú)
* 根音
* 根頭 / 根头
* 業根 / 业根
* 槃根錯節 / 槃根错节 (pángēncuòjié)
* 樹倒根摧 / 树倒根摧
* 樹根 / 树根 (shùgēn)
* 歸根 / 归根 (guīgēn)
* 歸根究柢 / 归根究柢 (guīgēnjiūdǐ)
* 歸根結柢 / 归根结柢 (guīgēnjiédǐ)
* 氣根 / 气根 (qìgēn)
* 水根
* 沒根基 / 没根基
* 沒根藤 / 没根藤
* 海蔥根 / 海葱根
* 混嚼舌根
* 深根固本 (shēngēngùběn)
* 深根固柢
* 深根固蒂
* 游談無根 / 游谈无根
* 澆梅根 / 浇梅根
* 烏頭根 / 乌头根
* 無根水 / 无根水
* 無根無絆 / 无根无绊
* 無根無蒂 / 无根无蒂
* 無理根 / 无理根
* 牆根 / 墙根 (qiánggēn)
* 片瓦根椽
* 牙根 (yágēn)
* 牙根癢癢 / 牙根痒痒
* 牙根管
* 獃根 / 呆根
* 獃根子 / 呆根子
* 獨根孤種 / 独根孤种
* 玄根
* 球根 (qiúgēn)
* 球根植物
* 瓦根基 (Wǎgēnjī)
* 甜根子草
* 生根 (shēnggēn)
* 留根
* 病根 (bìnggēn)
* 病根兒 / 病根儿
* 百脈根 / 百脉根
* 盤根問底 / 盘根问底
* 盤根錯節 / 盘根错节 (pángēncuòjié)
* 直根 (zhígēn)
* 票根 (piàogēn)
* 禍根 / 祸根 (huògēn)
* 窮根尋葉 / 穷根寻叶
* 窮根究底 / 穷根究底 (qiónggēnjiūdǐ)
* 立方根 (lìfānggēn)
* 箱根 (Xiānggēn)
* 結根 / 结根
* 翦草除根
* 老樹盤根 / 老树盘根
* 老花根
* 耳根 (ěrgēn)
* 耳根子
* 耳根廂 / 耳根厢
* 耳根清淨 / 耳根清净
* 耳根軟 / 耳根软 (ěrgēnruǎn)
* 聽牆根 / 听墙根
* 胚根
* 胚根鞘
* 臊根
* 舌根 (shégēn)
* 舌根音
* 舌根鼻音
* 花根
* 花根本豔 / 花根本艳
* 芝草無根 / 芝草无根
* 茅根 (máogēn)
* 草根大使
* 菌根
* 菜根
* 菜根譚 / 菜根谭
* 落地生根 (luòdìshēnggēn)
* 葛根 (gégēn)
* 落葉歸根 / 落叶归根 (luòyèguīgēn)
* 葉落歸根 / 叶落归根 (yèluòguīgēn)
* 蘆根 / 芦根 (lúgēn)
* 蘭根白芷 / 兰根白芷
* 見肉生根 / 见肉生根
* 詞根 / 词根 (cígēn)
* 語根 / 语根 (yǔgēn)
* 起根兒 / 起根儿
* 起根發腳 / 起根发脚
* 起根立地
* 跌根頭 / 跌根头
* 踏地知根
* 軸根系 / 轴根系
* 辣菜根子
* 追根究柢 (zhuīgēnjiūdǐ)
* 連根拔掉 / 连根拔掉
* 連根拔起 / 连根拔起 (liángēnbáqǐ)
* 道根
* 都根主兒 / 都根主儿
* 酸根
* 重根 (chónggēn)
* 鈍根 / 钝根
* 銀根 / 银根 (yíngēn)
* 錯節盤根 / 错节盘根
* 阿根廷 (Āgēntíng)
* 除根 (chúgēn)
* 雲根 / 云根
* 雷根主義 / 雷根主义 (léigēnzhǔyì)
* 食用根
* 高根 (gāogēn)
* 鬚根 / 须根 (xūgēn)
* 鼻根 (bígēn)
* 齒根 / 齿根 (chǐgēn)
* 龍膽根 / 龙胆根

### References

* “根”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
* root
* base, foundation

#### Readings

* Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
* Kun: ね (ne, 根, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 根(こん)気(き) (konki): patience, perseverance
* 葛根(かっこん) (kakkon)
* 紫根(しこん) (shikon)
* 大(だい)根(こん) (daikon): daikon, mooli
* 男(だん)根(こん) (dankon), 男(なん)根(こん) (nankon): penis
* 吐根(とこん) (tokon)
* 羽(は)根(ね) (hane): feather, wing
* 蓮(れん)根(こん) (renkon), 蓮(はす)根(ね) (hasune): lotus root
* 心根(こころね) (kokorone)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 根
* ね Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese. First cited to the Kojiki of 712.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ね [néꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ne̞]

#### Noun

根(ね) • (ne)
* [from 712] a root of a plant
* [from 720] (by extension) the source or root of something
* [from 1000] the cause or basis for something
* [from mid-1300s] one's nature, the character one has by birth

##### Synonyms

* 根(ね)っ子(こ) (nekko)

##### Derived terms

* 白根(シロネ) (shirone)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 根
* こん Grade: 3
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 根 (MC kon). First cited in Japanese contexts in the 法華義疏 (Hokke Gisho) dated to 615, a commentary on the Buddhist Lotus Sutra that was written in Classical Chinese.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こん [kóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kõ̞ɴ]
* (Tokyo) こん [kòń] (Heiban – [0]) for the sense of "perseverance, patience"
* IPA: [kõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

根(こん) • (kon)
* [from 615] (Buddhism) the original motive force leading to perception of something by the five senses or by thought
* [from 1477] genitals; more commonly, the male genitals
* [from 1790] perseverance, patience
    Synonym: 根気 (konki)
* [from 1889] (mathematics) a root, such as a square root (calque of English root)

### References

* 1 2 “根”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

根 (eumhun 뿌리 근 (ppuri geun))
* hanja form of 근 (“root; base; stump”)

### Compounds

* 根源 (근원, geunwon)

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Compounds

* 根気(くんち) (kunchi, “perseverance”)
* 大根(でーくに) (dēkuni, “daikon”)
* 羽根(はに) (hani, “feather”)

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 根 (ne).

### Noun

根(にー) (nī)
* root

## Vietnamese
### Han character

根: Hán Nôm readings: căn, cằn, cỗi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.