# hat
## Translingual
### Symbol

hat
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Haitian Creole.

## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /hæt/
** Audio (US):(file)
* (Canada, California, Received Pronunciation) IPA: [hat]
** Audio (Received Pronunciation):(file)
* (Northern US) IPA: [hɛt]
* Rhymes: -æt

### Etymology 1

From Middle English hat, from Old English hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz (“hat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to guard, cover, care for, protect”). Cognate with North Frisian hat (“hat”), Danish hat (“hat”), Swedish hatt (“hat”), Icelandic hattur (“hat”), Finnish hattu (“hat”), Latin cassis (“helmet”), Lithuanian kudas (“bird's crest or tuft”), Avestan 𐬑𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀 (xaoda, “hat”), Persian خود (xud, “helmet”), Welsh cadw (“to provide for, ensure”). Compare also hood.

#### Noun

hat (plural hats)
* (clothing) A covering for the head, often in the approximate form of a cone, dome or cylinder closed at its top end, and sometimes having a brim and other decoration.
** 1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter II, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0091:There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.
** 2009, “Cool Guys Don’t Look at Explosions”‎performed by Andy Samberg, Will Ferrell, and J. J. Abrams:Denzel walks. Will Smith walks. Mark Wahlberg is wearing a hat!
* (figuratively) A particular role or capacity that a person might fill.
** 1980 March 3, Antony Jay, Jonathan Lynn, “The Official Visit”, in Yes Minister, season 1, episode 1, spoken by Bernard Woolley (Derek Fowlds):It's all a matter of hats, Minister.
** 1993, Susan Loesser, A Most Remarkable Fella: Frank Loesser and the Guys and Dolls in His Life: A Portrait by His Daughter, Hal Leonard Corporation, published 2000, →ISBN, page 121:My mother was wearing several hats in the early fifties: hostess, scout, wife, and mother.
* (figuratively) Any receptacle from which names or numbers are pulled out in a lottery.
** (figuratively, by extension) The lottery or draw itself.
    We're both in the hat: let's hope we come up against each other.
* (video games) A hat switch.
** 2002, Ernest Pazera, Focus on SDL, page 139:The third type of function allows you to check on the state of the joystick's buttons, axes, hats, and balls.
* (typography, nonstandard, rare) The háček symbol.
** 1997 October 6th, “Patricia V. Lehman” (user name), rec.antiques (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: Unusual Mark – made in Cechoslovakia”, Message ID: <34390399.BD7@umich.edu>#1/1
    I’lll have to leave it up to antiques experts to tell you when objects were marked that way, but I can tell you it’s called a “hacek” (with the hat over the “c” and pronounced “hacheck”.) It is used to show that a “c” is pronounced as “ch” and an “s” as “sh.” Sometimes linguists just call it the “hat.”
* (programming, informal) The caret symbol ^.
* (Should we delete this sense?) (Internet slang) User rights on a website, such as the right to edit pages others cannot.
* (Cambridge University slang, obsolete) A student who is also the son of a nobleman (and so allowed to wear a hat instead of a mortarboard).
** 1830, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter 32, in Paul Clifford:I knew intimately all the 'Hats' in the University, and I was henceforth looked up to by the 'Caps,' as if my head had gained the height of every hat that I knew.

##### Synonyms

* (student and nobleman): gold hatband, tuft

##### Hyponyms

* See also Thesaurus:headwear

##### Derived terms

* 10-gallon hat
* Abraham Lincoln hat
* Akubra hat
* all hat and no cattle
* all hat and no cowboy
* Alpine hat
* America's Hat
* angel hat
* Asian conical hat
* at the drop of a hat
* aureole hat
* Australian bush hat
* bad hat
* baseball hat
* Bavarian hat
* beach hat
* beat into a cocked hat
* beer hat
* black as your hat
* black hat
* black top-hat transform
* bobble hat
* bottom-hat transform
* bowler hat
* bowler hat out
* bowl hat
* brass hat
* brick in one's hat
* bucket hat
* buy yourself a hat
* campaign hat
* carpenter's hat
* cartwheel hat
* chimney-pot hat
* chip hat
* cocked hat
* cocked hat curve
* cocked hat double
* cocktail hat
* conical hat
* coolie hat
* coon-skin hat
* coonskin hat
* Cordovan hat
* cork hat
* Cossack hat
* cowboy hat
* cowgirl hat
* crap hat
* crush hat
* Dappy hat
* Davey Crockett hat
* Davy Crockett hat
* deerslayer hat
* deerstalker hat
* does the Pope wear a funny hat
* doff one's hat to
* double-hat
* dunce hat
* eat one's hat
* fire shovel hat
* four winds hat
* Gainsborough hat
* gimme hat
* give hat
* give someone his hat
* Gordie Howe hat trick
* gray hat
* grey hat
* gypsy hat
* halo hat
* hand someone his hat
* hang one's hat
* hang one's hat on
* hang onto your hat
* hang up one's hat
* hard hat
* hatband
* hat block
* hat dance
* hat hair
* hat head
* hat in hand
* hatless
* hat matrix
* hatnote
* hat on a hat
* hat over the windmill
* hat palm
* hat parade
* hat peach
* hatpin
* hat rack
* hat-rack
* hats off
* hatstand
* hat stand
* hat-stand
* hatter
* hat tip
* hat tournament
* hat town
* hat tree
* hat-trick
* hat trick
* have a brick in one's hat
* high-hat
* hi-hat
* hold onto your hat
* Homburg hat
* home is where you hang your hat
* inverted hat
* jim hat
* jimmy hat
* kettle hat
* knock into a cocked hat
* Kossuth hat
* lampshade hat
* legionnaire hat
* low-hat
* Medicine Hat
* Mexican hat
* Mexican hat cell
* Mexican hat dance
* Mexican hat plant
* Mickey Mouse hat
* mushroom hat
* old-hat
* old hat
* opera hat
* paddy hat
* Pamela hat
* Panama hat
* Panama hat palm
* paper hat
* party hat
* pass round the hat
* pass the hat
* pick from a hat
* pick out of a hat
* picture hat
* pillbox hat
* pink hat
* plug hat
* Polly Crockett hat
* pope hat
* porkpie hat
* pork pie hat
* pot hat
* pressman's hat
* printer's hat
* pull a rabbit from a hat
* pull a rabbit out of a hat
* pull out of a hat
* pull out of the hat
* pussy hat
* put a hat on a hat
* put one's name in the hat
* rain hat
* rasta hat
* red hat
* rice hat
* sailor hat
* Santa hat
* sauna hat
* sedge hat
* see you Jimmy hat
* service hat
* shaving hat
* shovel hat
* ski hat
* slouch hat
* small hat
* steeple hat
* stovepipe hat
* straw hat
* straw-hat
* sun hat
* take one's hat off to
* talk through one's hat
* tembel hat
* ten-gallon hat
* terai hat
* throw into a cocked hat
* throw one's hat in the ring
* throw one's hat into the ring
* throw one's hat over the fence
* throw one's hat over the wall
* throw one's hat over the windmill
* throw one's name in the hat
* tin foil hat
* tinfoil hat
* tin-foil hat
* tin hat
* tip of the hat
* tip one's hat
* top hat
* top-hat pension
* top-hat plan
* top-hat transform
* toss one's hat in the ring
* toss one's hat into the ring
* toss one's name in the hat
* trapper hat
* triple-hat
* trucker hat
* Tyrolean hat
* under one's hat
* wear too many hats
* wear two hats
* white hat
* white top-hat transform
* wideawake hat
* wide-awake hat
* witch hat
* witch's hat
* with hat in hand
* wizard hat
* wizard's hat
* woolly hat

##### Descendants

* Sranan Tongo: ati

##### See also

* take one's hat off to

#### Verb

hat (third-person singular simple present hats, present participle hatting, simple past and past participle hatted)
* (transitive) To place a hat on.
** 2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:After the maids had hatted and gloved the girls, the carriage was summoned and I was carted around one church after another.
* (transitive) To appoint as cardinal.
** 1929 December 2, “Five New Hats”, in Time:It was truly a breathtaking rise. From the quiet school, Pope Pius XI had jumped Father Verdier over the heads of innumerable Bishops, made him Archbishop of Paris. Soon he was to be hatted a Prince of the Church and put in charge of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame.
* (intransitive) To shop for hats.
** 1920, Katharine Metcalf Roof, The Great Demonstration, page 122:We might just go hatting this afternoon […]
** 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:Watt's need of semantic succour was at times so great that he would set to trying names on things, and on himself, almost as a woman hats.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hat
* (Scotland, Northern England or obsolete) simple past of hit

##### References

* The Dictionary of the Scots Language

### Further reading

* hat on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* ATH, aht, tha

## Cimbrian
### Verb

hat
* third-person singular present indicative of haban

## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse hattr, hǫttr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /had/, [hæd̥], [hæt]

### Noun

hat c (singular definite hatten, plural indefinite hatte)
* hat

#### Inflection
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hat/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at

### Verb

hat
* third-person singular present of haben

## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of hat – see 喝 (“to drink; to shout; to call out; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 喝).
* For pronunciation and definitions of hat – see 轄 (“to govern; to control; having jurisdiction over; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 轄).

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɒt]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒt

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *kutte. Cognates include Finnish kuusi, Northern Mansi хо̄т (hōt), Northern Khanty хәт (hət).

#### Numeral

hat
* six

##### Derived terms

* hatvan
* tizenhat
* huszonhat
* harminchat
* negyvenhat
* ötvenhat
* hatvanhat
* hetvenhat
* nyolcvanhat
* kilencvenhat
* százhat
* hatmillió
* hatszáz
* hatszög
(Non-institutionalized adjectival compounds with single-element numerals [excerpt]): hatezres, hatmilliós, hatmilliárdos, hatbilliós; hatméteres, hatcentis, hatkilós, hatdekás, hatgrammos, hattonnás, hatliteres; hatwattos, hatamperes; hatperces, hatórás, hatórai, hatórányi, hatnapi, hatnapos, hathetes, hatheti, hatéves, hatévi, hathavi; hatpercenként, hatóránként, hatnaponta, hatnaponként, hathetente, hathetenként, hathavonta, hathavonként, hatévente, hatévenként; hatfokos, hatfokú, hatirányú, hatoldalas, hatoldalú, hatkötetes, hatdimenziós, hatszázalékos, hatkerekű, hatfős, hatfőnyi, hatnyelvű, hatgyerekes / hatgyermekes, hattagú, hatelemű, hatrészes, hatemeletes, hatrétegű, hatszintes, hatablakos, hatajtós, hatüléses, hatjegyű, hatpontos, hatszavas, hatbetűs, hatsoros; hatforintos, hatdolláros, hateurós; hatlábú, hatágú, hatfejű, hatkezű, hatkarú, hatszemű, hatfülű, hatlevelű.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *kattɜ- (“to penetrate, go ahead, move somewhere”). The suffix -hat/-het originated from this verb. First attested in c. 1372.

#### Verb

hat
* (intransitive, obsolete) to get, arrive at, pass, progress towards (a certain location)
    Synonyms: hatol, ér, jut
** 1863, János Arany, Rege a csodaszarvasról (The Legend of the Wondrous Hunt, translated by E.D. Butler)
    Süppedékes mély tavaknak / Szigetére ők behatnak.An island fair to reach, they pass / Through treacherous pool and deep morass.
* (intransitive, archaic or literary) to enter, penetrate
    Synonym: hatol
* (intransitive) to take effect, to be effective, to work
    Synonyms: hatásos, működik, beválik
* (intransitive) to affect, to have influence, to act (on something -ra/-re)
    Synonyms: kihat, érint, befolyásol
* (intransitive) to seem, appear (as something -nak/-nek)
    Synonyms: tűnik, látszik

##### Derived terms

* hatalom
* határ
* hatás
* hatékony
* hatol
* ható
* hatvány
(With verbal prefixes):
* általhat
* áthat
* behat
* elhat
* előrehat
* felhat
* hátrahat
* keresztülhat
* kihat
* közrehat
* lehat
* meghat
* odahat
* ráhat
* visszahat

### References

* ↑ hat in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* (six): hat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* (to take effect): hat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hat̪ˠ/

### Noun

hat
* h-prothesized form of at

### Verb

hat
* h-prothesized form of at

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | هات |

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *at.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ha(ˑ)t], [haːt], [hɒ(ˑ)t], [hɒːt], [hæ̞t]
* (Mansûrâbâdî, Tâlxâbî, Xaltâbâdî) IPA: [hɒt]
* (Xarrâbî) IPA: [ha(ˑ)t]

### Noun

hat (definite accusative hatı, plural hatlar)
* horse

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch [Grammar of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, →OCLC
* https://turkic.elegantlexicon.com/lxforms.php?lx=klj

## Kholosi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit हस्त (hasta).

### Noun

hat ?
* (anatomy) hand

### References

* Eric Anonby, Hassan Mohebi Bahmani (2014) “Shipwrecked and Landlocked: Kholosi, an Indo-Aryan Language in South-west Iran”, in Cahier de Studia Iranica xx‎, pages 13-36

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːt/

### Verb

hat
* inflection of hunn:
** first/third-person singular preterite indicative
** second-person plural preterite indicative

### Verb

hat
* inflection of haen:
** second-person plural present indicative
** second-person plural imperative

## Maricopa
### Noun

hat (plural haat)
* dog

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English hæt, hætt, from Proto-Germanic *hattuz.

#### Alternative forms

* hatt, hatte, hæt

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hat/

#### Noun

hat (plural hattes or hatten)
* A hat or cap; a piece of headgear or headwear.
* A helmet; a hat used as armour.
* (rare) A circlet or tiara; a ring-shaped piece of headgear.
* (rare) A circle of foam or mist.
* (rare) An area of hilly woodland.

##### Related terms

* hater
* haterynge
* hatten
* hattere
* ketil-hat

##### Descendants

* Scots: hat, hatt, hate, hait
* English: hat
** Sranan Tongo: ati
* → Irish: hata
* → Manx: edd
* → Scottish Gaelic: ad

##### References

* “hat, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-18.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

hat
* Alternative form of hate

## North Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian hit.

### Pronoun

hat
* (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring, Sylt) it (third-person singular neuter personal pronoun)
* (Föhr-Amrum) she (third-person singular feminine personal pronoun)

#### Usage notes

* In Mooring and Sylt Frisian, this form is now rarely used. It is replaced with et (unstressed) or the demonstrative dåt, dit (stressed).
* On Föhr and Amrum, hat is chiefly used of female persons. In the original neuter sense it is similarly replaced with at and det.

#### Alternative forms

* (it): at, et, 't (reduced forms)
* (she): 't (reduced form), jü (Mooring, Sylt)

### See also

* The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
* At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
* Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör.
* Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
* The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.
* The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
* Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
* The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
* Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz.

#### Noun

hat n (definite singular hatet, indefinite plural hat, definite plural hata or hatene)
* hatred, hate

##### Derived terms

* hatefull
* hater

##### Related terms

* hate (verb)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hat
* imperative of hate

### References

* “hat” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɑːt/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz. Akin to English hate.

#### Noun

hat n (definite singular hatet, indefinite plural hat, definite plural hata)
* hatred, hate

##### Derived terms

* hatar
* hatefull
* hatkriminalitet
* hatytring
* rasehat
* sjølvhat

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hat
* imperative of hate

### References

* “hat” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xɑːt/, [hɑːt]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hait.
Cognate with Old Frisian hēt (West Frisian hjit), Old Saxon hēt, Dutch heet, Old High German heiz (German heiß), Old Norse heitr (Swedish het). Cognate to Albanian ethe (“shiver, fiever”), dialectal hethe and ith (“warmth, body heat”), dialectal hith.

#### Adjective

hāt (comparative hātra, superlative hātost)
* hot

##### Antonyms

* ceald

##### Derived terms

* hātheort
* hǣtan
* hǣtu

##### Descendants

* Middle English: hot, hote, hoot, hoote, hoth, whote, hate, hatte (northern)
** English: hot
** Geordie English: het
** Scots: hat, hait, hate
** Yola: hoat, hote, hoate

### Etymology 2

From hātan.

#### Noun

hāt n
* a promise

##### Declension

Strong a-stem:

##### Synonyms

* ġehāt (much more common)

##### Descendants

* English: hote, hot, hate, hat

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse hatr, from Proto-Germanic *hataz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɑːt/
* Audio (Sweden):(file)

### Noun

hat n (uncountable)
* hate, hatred
** 1982, Lustans Lakejer (lyrics and music), “Diamanter [Diamonds]”, in Diamanter / Sång om syrsor [Diamonds / Song about crickets]‎:Jag ska börja bli elak. Jag ska odla mitt hat. För om hatet är tillräckligt kallt, så ser man världen så klart. Och jag ska skapa intriger. Jag ska inte gå att lita på. För om dom vet att jag går bakom deras rygg, så känner dom sig så små.I'm going to [shall] start being mean. I'm going to cultivate my hatred. For if the hatred is cold enough, you see the world so clearly. And I will create intrigue [intrigues]. I will not be able to trust. For if they know that I go behind their backs [back], they feel so small.
** 1995, De Lyckliga Kompisarna (lyrics and music), “Hat som hobby [Hate as hobby]”, in Sagoland [Fairy tale land]‎:Hat och hat och hat, men vad gör du av din kärlek? Hat och hat och hat, men vad gör du av din kärlek? Spänn av och låt din längtan sippra fram.Hate and hate and hate, but what do you do with your love? Hate and hate and hate, but what do you do with your love? Relax and let your longing seep out.

#### Derived terms

* hatbrott
* judehat
* rashat

#### Related terms

* hata
* hatare
* hatisk

### References

* hat in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hat in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hat in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tetum
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Numeral

hat
* four

### Further reading

* Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology 1

From English hat.

#### Noun

hat
* hat

### Etymology 2

From English hard.

#### Adverb

hat
* hard
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:19:Na bai yu wok hat tru long kisim kaikai bilong yu na tuhat bai i kamap long pes bilong yu. Na bai yu hatwok oltaim inap yu dai na yu go bek long graun. Long wanem, mi bin wokim yu long graun, na bai yu go bek gen long graun.”→New International Version translation

##### Related terms

* hatpela
* hatwok

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish خط, from Arabic خَطّ (ḵaṭṭ).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hat (definite accusative hattı, plural hatlar)
* line
    Sigfried hattı ― Siegfried line
* writing

#### Declension
## Turkmen
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خَطّ (ḵaṭṭ).

### Noun

hat (definite accusative haty, plural hatlar)
* letter (written message)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “hat” in Enedilim.com
* “hat” in Webonary.org

## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gatь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɦat/
* Rhymes: -at
* Hyphenation: hat
* Syllabification: hat

### Noun

hat m inan (diminutive haćik or hatk)
* pond (natural or man-made)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “hat” in Soblex