# wal
## Translingual
### Symbol

wal
* (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Wolaitta.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Wolaytta terms

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɑl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: wal
* Rhymes: -ɑl

### Etymology 1

From Latin vallum (“wall”), from vallus (“stake, palisade, point”). Cognate with English wall.

#### Noun

wal m (plural wallen, diminutive walletje n)
* coast, shore (side of land near to the water)
* earthen levee as protection against flooding
    Synonym: dijk
* wall around city as military defense
    Synonyms: omwalling, stadsmuur
* periorbital dark circle
* (generally in the plural) eyebags
    Synonym: oogwal

##### Derived terms

* bewallen
* de beste stuurlui staan aan wal
* kant noch wal raken
* stadswal
* van wal steken
* walling

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: wal
* Negerhollands: wal

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch wal (“whale”), from Old Dutch *wal, from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz (“whale”). Cognate with English whale.
Possibly to avoid confusion with wal (“wall; shore”), the derived compound word walvis (“whale; lit. whale-fish”) gained currency over wal (“whale”). Similar clarifying compounds can be found elsewhere in Dutch: kraanvogel (“crane; lit. crane-bird”), muildier (“mule; lit. mule-animal”), oeros (“auroch; auroch-ox”), rendier (“rein; lit. rein-animal”), tortelduif (“turtle (bird); lit. turtle dove”) and windhond (“greyhound; lit. wind-dog”).

#### Noun

wal m (plural wallen, diminutive walletje n)
* (archaic) whale
    Synonyms: walvis, waldier

##### Derived terms

* grindewal
* waldier
* walrus
* walschot
* walvis

## Eskayan
### Numeral

wal
* eight

## Gamilaraay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /val/

### Noun

wal
* container
* rubbish bin

### References

* (2017) Giacon J Gamilaraay-Yuwaalaraay Dictionary Supplement

## Garo
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

wal
* night

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wàl/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [wàl]

### Ideophone

wàl
* sudden flash of light

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English weall, from Proto-West Germanic *wall (“wall, rampart, entrenchment”), from Latin vallum (“wall, rampart, entrenchment, palisade”).

#### Alternative forms

* wale, walle, waule

#### Noun

wal (plural walles)
* wall

##### Descendants

* English: wall
* Scots: wa, waa, waw
* Yola: wul, vall
* → Middle Irish: *balla
** Irish: balla
** Manx: boalley
** Scottish Gaelic: balla

##### References

* “wal, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

From Old English wæl.

#### Alternative forms

* wæl, wæle, wale, wel

#### Noun

wal (plural wals)
* death, slaughter

##### References

* “wal, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

wal
* Alternative form of wale (“selection, preference”)

#### Adjective

wal
* Alternative form of wale (“great”)

### Etymology 4
#### Adverb

wal
* (rare) Alternative form of wel

## North Frisian
### Verb

wal
* first/third-person singular present of wel

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”). Cognate with Old English hwæl, Old Norse hvalr, Old Saxon hwal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wal/

### Noun

wal m
* whale

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: wal
** German: Wal
*** → Estonian: vaal
*** → Luxembourgish: Wal

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈval/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈvalʲ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: wal

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Wal, from Old High German wal, from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).

#### Noun

wal m animal
* whale (certain species)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

wal m inan
* straw rope dipped in clay

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

wal
* second-person singular imperative of walić

### Further reading

* wal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wal in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “wal”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 342

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* (literary) gwal

### Etymology

From Old English weall, ultimately a Germanic borrowing from Latin vallum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wal/

### Noun

wal f (plural waliau or welydd, not mutable)
* wall
* (literary) Soft mutation of gwal.

#### Usage notes

Wal is the most commonly used word for "wall" in Welsh. The word mur is used most often when referring to large walls such as the defensive walls of a city or Mur Mawr Tsieina "The Great Wall of China". It is also used in compound words, for example murlun, rhagfur, cellfur, briwydd y mur. Pared is an internal partition wall whereas magwyr is a literary word for an external wall, little used now but preserved in such things as place and plant names.

#### Derived terms

* paladr y wal (“pellitory of the wall, spreading pellitory”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “wal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies