OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# transcrição
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin transcriptiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾɐ̃s.kɾiˈsɐ̃w̃/ [tɾɐ̃s.kɾiˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾɐ̃s.kɾiˈsɐ̃w̃/ [tɾɐ̃s.kɾiˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /tɾɐ̃ʃ.kɾiˈsɐ̃w̃/ [tɾɐ̃ʃ.kɾiˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɾɐ̃ʃ.kɾiˈsɐ̃w̃/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃w̃
* Hyphenation: trans‧cri‧ção

### Noun

transcrição f (plural transcrições)
* transcription (act or effect of transcribing; reproduction of a written text)
* transcript (transcribed text)
* (music) transcription (adaptation for a musical instrument of a passage written for another instrument)
* (linguistics) transcription (representation of the letters or characters of one writing system by those of another writing system)
* (biology, genetics) transcription (process of genetic transmission through the synthesis of a ribonucleic acid molecule from a chain of deoxyribonucleic acid)
** 2003, Fernando de Jesus Regateiro, Manual de Genética Médica‎, →ISBN, page 33:A regulação da transcrição de um determinado gene, nos seres eucariotas superiores, envolve sequências promotoras e sequências intensificadoras (Fig. III.3). A sequência promotora está localizada imediatamente antes do ponto em que se inicia a transcrição. A sequência intensificadora pode-se localizar antes da sequência promotora à distância de algumas quilobases (2kb ou mais), a seguir ao gene (no sentido em que se processa a transcrição), interposta no próprio gene ou ainda na cadeia de DNA complementar do gene em causa.The regulation of the transcription of a given gene, in higher eukaryotes, involves promoter sequences and enhancer sequences (Fig. III.3). The promoter sequence is located immediately before the point at which transcription begins. The enhancer sequence may be located before the promoter sequence at a distance of a few kilobases (2kb or more), after the gene (in the direction in which transcription occurs), interposed in the gene itself or even in the complementary DNA strand of the gene in question.

### Further reading

* “transcrição” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “transcrição”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “transcrição”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “transcrição”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# parunggu
## Sundanese
### Alternative forms

* perunggu

### Noun

parunggu (Sundanese script ᮕᮛᮥᮀᮌᮥ)
* statue
# logam
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay logam, from Classical Malay logam, from Tamil உலோகம் (ulōkam), from Sanskrit लोह (loha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrawdʰás (“red metal; copper, brass”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós (“red thing”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈloɡam/ [ˈlo.ɡam]
* Rhymes: -oɡam
* Syllabification: lo‧gam

### Noun

logam (plural logam-logam)
* metal
    Synonym: metal

### Further reading

* “logam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latvian
### Noun

logam m
* dative singular of logs

## Malay
### Etymology

From Tamil உலோகம் (ulōkam), from Sanskrit लोह (loha).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Malaysia):(file)
* Rhymes: -am

### Noun

logam (Jawi spelling لوݢم, plural logam-logam, informal 1st possessive logamku, 2nd possessive logammu, 3rd possessive logamnya)
* metal

### Further reading

* “logam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Portuguese
### Verb

logam
* third-person plural present indicative of logar

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [loˈɡam]

### Verb

logam
* first-person singular/plural imperfect indicative of loga

## Sundanese
### Etymology

From Tamil உலோகம் (ulōkam), from Sanskrit लोह (loha).

### Noun

logam (Sundanese script ᮜᮧᮌᮙ᮪)
* metal
# 直頭
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zik$^6$ tau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zet$^5$ heu$^3$
* Wu (Suzhou, Wugniu): $^8$zeq-$^3$deu$_2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zik$^6$ tau$^4$
*** Yale: jihk tàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzik$^9$ tau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jig$^6$ teo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪk̚² tʰɐu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zet$^5$ heu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡set̚³² heu²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zeq-$^3$deu$_2$
*** MiniDict: zeh$^入$ deu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zəʔ²² døy⁵¹/

### Adverb

直頭 (Cantonese)
* directly
       gam$^1$ maan$^5$ keoi$^5$ hoi$^1$ jyun$^4$ wui$^{6-2}$ zau$^6$ zik$^6$ tau$^4$ faan$^1$ uk$^1$ kei$^2$. [Jyutping]
       He went directly back home after the meeting.
* simply
       jyu$^4$ gwo$^2$ keoi$^5$ zoi$^3$ sou$^1$ jiu$^2$ nei$^5$, mai$^6$ zik$^6$ tau$^4$ gin$^3$ dou$^{3-2}$ keoi$^5$ zau$^6$ diu$^3$ tau$^4$ zau$^2$ lo$^1$. [Jyutping]
       If he bothers you again, just simply go the other way if you see him again.
* definitely; truly; clearly; absolutely
       nei$^5$ zik$^6$ tau$^4$ hai$^6$ lei$^4$ saai$^3$ pou$^2$ laa$^1$! [Jyutping]
       You're absolutely ridiculous!

#### Synonyms

* 直程
# ᮕᮦᮞᮧ
## Sundanese
### Noun

ᮕᮦᮞᮧ • (péso)
* Sundanese spelling of péso‎
# profarming
## English
### Etymology

From pro- +‎ farming.

### Adjective

profarming (comparative more profarming, superlative most profarming)
* Supporting or favouring farming.
# stagehouse
## English
### Etymology

From stage +‎ house.

### Noun

stagehouse (plural stagehouses)
* (historical) A house where a stagecoach regularly stops for passengers or a relay of horses.
* (theater) A playhouse.

### References

* “stagehouse”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* gate houses, gatehouses
# pudency
## English
### Etymology

From Latin pudentia, from Latin pudet (“it shames”).

### Noun

pudency (countable and uncountable, plural pudencies)
* (obsolete) Modesty.
** 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v]:Me of my lawful pleasure she restrain’d And pray’d me oft forbearance; did it with A pudency so rosy the sweet view on’t Might well have warm’d old Saturn […]
** 1780, Thomas Holcroft, Alwyn, London: Fielding & Walker, Volume I, Letter 4, p. 58,
    He has no respect to the timidity or pudency of youth or sex, but will say the most discouraging, as well as the rudest things, and receives pleasure in proportion to the pain he communicates.
** 1883, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Poet”, in Poems‎, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 302:Maidens laugh and weep; Composure Is the pudency of man.
** 1906, Elizabeth Bisland, chapter 2, in The Life and Letters of Lafcadio Hearn‎, volume I, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 62:The youthful artist working in any medium is prone to be impatient of the prejudices of Anglo-Saxon pudency.

#### Related terms

* impudence
* pudent
* pudic
# psychochemical
## English
### Etymology

From psycho- +‎ chemical.

### Adjective

psychochemical (not comparable)
* Relating to psychochemistry.

### Noun

psychochemical (plural psychochemicals)
* Any chemical having a psychological effect on the brain.
    Hyponym: psychogas
# книжка
## Russian
### Etymology

кни́га (kníga) +‎ -ка (-ka)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈknʲiʂkə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

кни́жка • (knížka) f inan (genitive кни́жки, nominative plural кни́жки, genitive plural кни́жек, diminutive кни́жечка)
* book, booklet
* notebook, passport
* omasum, psalterium, the third compartment of the stomach of a ruminant

#### Coordinate terms

* рубе́ц m (rubéc, “rumen, paunch”)
* се́тка f (sétka, “reticulum, bonnet”)
* сычу́г m (syčúg, “abomasum, maw”)

#### Related terms

* кни́жица (knížica), книжо́нка (knižónka), книже́нция (knižéncija)
* кни́жища (knížišča)
* кни́га (kníga), кни́жник (knížnik), книгоче́й (knigočéj)
* кни́жный (knížnyj)

#### Descendants

* → Chechen: книшка (kniška)

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

кни́га (knýha) +‎ -ка (-ka)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈknɪʒkɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

кни́жка • (knýžka) f inan (genitive кни́жки, nominative plural книжки́, genitive plural книжо́к, relational adjective книжко́вий, diminutive кни́жечка)
* book. Connotes a smaller or less academic book, compared to книга
    Synonym: (elevated) кни́га (knýha)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “книжка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “книжка”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# fogged
## English
### Adjective

fogged (comparative more fogged, superlative most fogged)
* This term needs a definition. Please help out and add a definition, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Derived terms

* fogged out
* overfogged
* underfogged
* unfogged

### Verb

fogged
* simple past and past participle of fog
# Trogonidae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Trogon +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Trogonidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Trogoniformes – trogons and quetzals.

#### Hypernyms

* (family): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Neoaves – superorder; Trogoniformes – order

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Apaloderma, Euptilotis, Harpactes, Pharomachrus, Priotelus, Trogon – extant genera

### References

* Trogonidae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Trogonidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Trogonidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Trogonidae at Avian Taxonomy in Flux
* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# 晏歇會
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$e-shiq$_7$-we$_6$
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^5$e-shiq$_7$-we$_6$
*** MiniDict: e$^去$ shih$^入$ we$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$e-xiq$_4$-hhue$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /e³³ ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵ ɦue²¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /e⁵² ɕiɪʔ³³ ɦue/

### Phrase

晏歇會
* (Northern Wu) see you later

#### Synonyms

* (Standard) 待會見／待会见 (dāihuǐjiàn)

#### See also

* 再會／再会
# formed
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fɔːmd/
* (General American) IPA: /fɔɹmd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: formed
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)m

### Verb

formed
* simple past and past participle of form

### Adjective

formed
* This term needs a definition. Please help out and add a definition, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Derived terms

* beamformed
* biformed
* electroformed
* explosively formed penetrator
* formedness
* hydroformed
* ill-formed
* informed
* malformed
* neoformed
* newly-formed
* self-formed
* semiformed
* twiformed
* well-formed
* well-formed formula

### Anagrams

* deform
# Phasianidae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Phasianus +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Phasianidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Galliformes – various terrestrial, ground-living birds: the pheasants, partridges, junglefowl (including the chicken), Old World quail, francolins, monals, peafowl, and turkeys.

#### Usage notes

* Subfamilies Meleagridinae and Tetraoninae are sometimes classified as distinct families: Meleagrididae and Tetraonidae. The family Numididae (guineafowls) has also sometimes been included as a subfamily.

#### Hypernyms

* (family): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Galloanseri – superorder; Galliformes – order

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Meleagridinae, Perdicinae, Phasianinae, Tetraoninae – subfamilies
** Afropavo, Alectoris, Ammoperdix, Arborophila, Argusianus, Bambusicola, Bonasa, Caloperdix, Campocolinus, Canachites, Catreus, Centrocercus, Chrysolophus, Coturnix, Crossoptilon, Dendragapus, Falcipennis, Francolinus, Galloperdix, Gallus, Haematortyx, Ithaginis, Lagopus, Lerwa, Lophophorus, Lophura, Lyrurus, Margaroperdix, Melanoperdix, Meleagris, Ortygornis, Pavo, Peliperdix, Perdicula, Perdix, Phasianus, Polyplectron, Pternistis, Pucrasia, Rheinardia, Rhizothera, Rollulus, Scleroptila, Synoicus, Syrmaticus, Tetrao, Tetraogallus, Tetraophasis, Tetrastes, Tragopan, Tropicoperdix, Tympanuchus, Xenoperdix – extant genera

### Further reading

* Phasianidae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Phasianidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Phasianidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Phasianidae at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Phasianidae at AnimalBase
* Phasianidae at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Phasianidae at Avian Taxonomy in Flux
* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# rechnen
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German rechenen, from Old High German rehhanōn (akin to Old Saxon *rekenen), from Proto-West Germanic *rekanōn. Compare Hunsrik rechne, Low German rekenen, Dutch rekenen and English reckon. Indirectly derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʁɛçnən/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: rech‧nen

### Verb

rechnen (weak, third-person singular present rechnet, past tense rechnete, past participle gerechnet, auxiliary haben) (intransitive)
* to count, reckon, calculate, compute
* to expect [with mit]
    Damit haben die Fans nicht gerechnet. ― Here's something fans never thought they'd see.
    Damit habe ich nicht gerechnet. ― I really wasn't expecting this.
** 2010, Der Spiegel‎, number 22/2010, page 13:In ihren ökonomischen Eckwerten im April rechnete die Regierung fürs kommende Jahr noch mit 3,43 Millionen Arbeitslosen.In their economic guidance values of April the government still expected 3.43 million unemployed for the coming year.

#### Usage notes

Compare the form of rechnen mit to count on.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* Rechnen, Rechner, Rechnung
* rechnend, gerechnet

#### Related terms

* abrechnen
* anrechnen
* aufrechnen
* ausrechnen
* berechnen
* dazurechnen
* durchrechnen
* einrechnen
* errechnen
* gegenrechnen
* herausrechnen
* herumrechnen
* herunterrechnen
* hineinrechnen
* hinzurechnen
* hochrechnen
* losrechnen
* mitrechnen
* nachrechnen
* rausrechnen
* rumrechnen
* runterrechnen
* umrechnen
* verrechnen
* vorrechnen
* zurechnen
* zurückrechnen
* zusammenrechnen
* Rechenarbeit
* Rechenart
* Rechenaufgabe
* Rechenblatt
* Rechenblock
* Rechenbrett
* Rechengerät
* Rechenkünstler
* Rechenmaschine
* Rechenmeister
* Rechenmethode
* Rechenroutine
* Rechenschaft
* Rechenstift
* Rechenverfahren
* Rechenvorgang
* Rechenweg
* Rechenzentrum
* Rechnerleistung

### Further reading

* “rechnen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “rechnen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “rechnen” in Duden online
* “rechnen” in OpenThesaurus.de
* “rechnen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Middle High German rechenen, from Old High German rehhanōn, from Proto-Germanic *rekanōną. Cognate with German rechnen, Hunsrik rechne, Dutch rekenen, English reckon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʀæɕnən/

### Verb

rechnen (third-person singular present rechent, past participle gerechent, auxiliary verb hunn)
* (transitive) to calculate
* (transitive or intransitive) to count

#### Conjugation

(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

#### Derived terms

* arechnen
* ausrechnen
* berechnen
* matrechnen
* norechnen
* ofrechnen
* urechnen
* verrechnen
* zourechnen
* ëmrechnen
# ᮃᮀᮊᮩᮘ᮪
## Sundanese
### Adjective

ᮃᮀᮊᮩᮘ᮪ • (angkeub)
* Sundanese spelling of angkeub‎
# Fregatidae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Fregata +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Fregatidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Suliformes – the frigatebirds.

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Fregata – sole genus

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Fregatidae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Fregatidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Fregatidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Fregatidae at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Fregatidae at the Tree of Life Web Project
* Fregatidae at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Fregatidae at Paleobiology Database
# riemastua
## Finnish
### Etymology

riemas +‎ -tua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrie̯mɑstuɑˣ/, [ˈrie̞̯mɑ̝s̠ˌtuɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: rie‧mas‧tua

### Verb

riemastua
* (intransitive) to be(come) overjoyed, be (greatly) delighted

#### Derived terms

* riemastuminen
* riemastus
* riemastuttaa
* riemastuttava

#### Related terms

* riemastuttaa (transitive)

### Further reading

* “riemastua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# ᮘᮞᮩᮂ
## Sundanese
### Adjective

ᮘᮞᮩᮂ • (baseuh)
* Sundanese spelling of baseuh‎
# Gaszczyk
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡaʂ.t͡ʂɘk/
* Rhymes: -aʂt͡ʂɘk
* Syllabification: Gasz‧czyk

### Proper noun

Gaszczyk m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Gaszczyk f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

### Further reading

* “Gaszczyk”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022
# Afrikáncem
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈafrɪkaːnt͡sɛm]

### Noun

Afrikáncem
* instrumental singular of Afrikánec
# Gawlik
## English
### Etymology

From Polish Gawlik.

### Proper noun

Gawlik (plural Gawliks)
* A surname from Polish.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Gawlik is the 20248th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 1314 individuals. Gawlik is most common among White (96.27%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Gawlik”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 24.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡav.lik/
* Rhymes: -avlik
* Syllabification: Gaw‧lik

### Proper noun

Gawlik m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Gawlik f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

### Further reading

* “Gawlik”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022
# beungkeut
## Sundanese
### Verb

beungkeut (Sundanese script ᮘᮩᮀᮊᮩᮒ᮪)
* to tie
# painel
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old French panel, from Latin pannus. Compare English panel.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pajˈnɛw/ [paɪ̯ˈnɛʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /pajˈnɛl/ [pajˈnɛɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /pajˈnɛl/ [pajˈnɛɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /pajˈnɛ.li/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɛl, (Brazil) -ɛw
* Hyphenation: pai‧nel

### Noun

painel m (plural painéis)
* panel (rectangular section of a surface)
* panel (a group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc)
* dashboard (of a vehicle)

#### Derived terms

* apainelar
# afrikánštinou
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈafrɪkaːnʃcɪnou̯]

### Noun

afrikánštinou
* instrumental of afrikánština
# abgrego
## Latin
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ gregō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈab.ɡre.ɡoː/, [ˈäbɡrɛɡoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈab.ɡre.ɡo/, [ˈäbɡreɡo]

### Verb

abgregō (present infinitive abgregāre, perfect active abgregāvī, supine abgregātum); first conjugation
* (Medieval Latin) to abgregate, to separate from the flock

#### Descendants

* ⇒ English: abgregate

### References

* 1711, Elisha Coles, A dictionary, English-Latin, and Latin-English; containing all the things necessary for the translating of either language into other‎ (quotation in English; overall work in English), page 444:
* 1751, Robert Ainsworth, Samuel Patrick, Thesauraus Linguae Latinae Compendiarius‎ (quotation in English; overall work in English), London, page 5:
* 1861, Noah Webster, Chauncey Allen Goodrich, Noah Porter, An American dictionary of the English language: containing the whole vocabulary of the first edition in two volumes quarto, the entire corrections and improvements of the second edition in two volumes royal octavo‎ (quotation in English; overall work in English), Springfield. Massachusetts: G. and C. Merriam, page 3:
# pundonor
## English
### Etymology

Spanish pundonor

### Noun

pundonor (plural pundonores)
* (archaic) Synonym of point of honor (both senses)

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pundonor (“point of honour”), from Catalan punt d'honor.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pũ.doˈnoʁ/ [pũ.doˈnoh]
* (Brazil) IPA: /pũ.doˈnoʁ/ [pũ.doˈnoh]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /pũ.doˈnoɾ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /pũ.doˈnoʁ/ [pũ.doˈnoχ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pũ.doˈnoɻ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pũ.duˈnoɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pũ.duˈnoɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /pũ.duˈno.ɾi/

### Noun

pundonor m or f by sense (plural pundonores)
* honour, pride
** 1914, David Lloyd George, A Guerra Europea, Harrison and Sons, page 2:[…] de que só a poderiamos ter evitado sacrificando a pundonor nacional. […] that we could not have avoided it without national dishonour.(literally, “ […] that we could have only avoided sacrificing the national honour.”)

### References

* “pundonor”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “pundonor”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Catalan punt d'honor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pundoˈnoɾ/ [pũn̪.d̪oˈnoɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: pun‧do‧nor

### Noun

pundonor m (plural pundonores)
* self-respect, amour propre

#### Derived terms

* pundonoroso

#### Descendants

* → Portuguese: pundonor

### Further reading

* “pundonor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# jazyka
## Czech
### Noun

jazyka
* genitive singular of jazyk

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjazika]

### Noun

jazyka
* genitive singular of jazyk

## Upper Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjazɨka/

### Noun

jazyka
* genitive singular of jazyk
# Gąciarz
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡɔɲ.t͡ɕaʂ/
* Rhymes: -ɔɲt͡ɕaʂ
* Syllabification: Gą‧ciarz

### Proper noun

Gąciarz m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Gąciarz f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

### Further reading

* “Gąciarz”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022
# rybami
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɪbamɪ]

### Noun

rybami
* instrumental plural of ryba

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɘˈba.mi/
* Rhymes: -ami
* Syllabification: ry‧ba‧mi
* Homophone: Rybami

### Noun

rybami f
* instrumental plural of ryba

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈribami]

### Noun

rybami
* instrumental plural of ryba
# Gdowik
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡdɔ.vik/
* Rhymes: -ɔvik
* Syllabification: Gdo‧wik

### Proper noun

Gdowik m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Gdowik f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

### Further reading

* “Gdowik”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022