# gaz
## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin gaudium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡaz/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

gaz m (plural gaze / gazra)
* joy
* laughter

#### Related terms

* gazmend
* gëzim
* gëzoj
* gëzuar

### Further reading

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* “gaz”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Newmark, L. (1999) “gaz”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎

## Crimean Tatar
### Noun

gaz
* gas

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch gas.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaz/ ~ /ɡɑz/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: gaze, gazes, gazent

### Noun

gaz m (plural gaz)
* gas
* (physics) gas
* flatulence

#### Derived terms

* avoir des gaz
* bec de gaz
* chambre à gaz
* gaz à effet de serre
* gaz carbonique
* gaz de houille
* gaz de pétrole liquéfié
* gaz d’échappement
* gaz hilarant
* gaz lacrymogène
* gaz naturel
* gaz noble
* gazeux
* masque à gaz
* mettre les gaz
* turbine à gaz
* usine à gaz
* y avoir de l’eau dans le gaz

#### Descendants

* → Arabic: غَاز (ḡāz)
* → Greek: γκάζι (gkázi)
* → Hebrew: גז (gaz)
* → Polish: gaz
** → Kashubian: gaz
* → Persian: گاز (gâz)
* → Portuguese: gás
* → Romanian: gaz
* → Russian: газ (gaz), газъ (gaz) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
** → Kazakh: газ (gaz)
** → Yakut: газ (gaz)
* → Turkish: gaz

### Further reading

* “gaz”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

A loanword with a debated origin:
* Borrowed from a Slavic language.
* Borrowed from Ossetian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡɒz]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒz

### Noun

gaz (plural gazok)
* weed
    Synonym: gyom

#### Derived terms

* gazos

#### Descendants

* → Carpathian Rusyn: ґаз (gaz), ґоз (goz)
* → Pannonian Rusyn: ґаз (gaz)
* → Romanian: goz

### Adjective

gaz (not generally comparable, comparative gazabb, superlative leggazabb)
* (literary) vile, wicked, depraved, treacherous, villainous
    Synonyms: aljas, alávaló, álnok, galád, hitvány, gonosz (see also colloquial and slang synonyms under szemét)

#### Derived terms

* gazság
* gazember
* gazfickó
* gaztett

### References

* ↑ gaz in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* gaz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* gaz in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay gaz, from Persian گز (gaz).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡaz/
* Homophone: gas
* Rhymes: -az

### Noun

gaz (plural gaz-gaz)
* (archaic) guz: A unit of length used in parts of Asia, ranging from 24 to 41 inches.

### References

* ↑ Mohammad Khosh Haikal Azad (2018) “Historical Cultural Linkages between Iran and Southeast Asia: Entered Persian Vocabularies in the Malay Language”, in Journal of Cultural Relation (in Persian), pages 117-144

### Further reading

* “gaz” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish gaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡas/
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: gaz

### Noun

gaz m inan (related adjective gazowi)
* (countable, chemistry) gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid; chemical element or compound in such a state)
* (uncountable) gas (flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel)
* (uncountable, colloquial) gas (amount of gasoline sent to the engine as controlled by the driver by means of the gas pedal)
* (countable, colloquial) gas (gas pedal)

#### Derived terms

* gazomiérz
* gazownictwò
* gazownik
* gazowniô
* gazowac impf

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “gaz”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “gaz”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “gaz”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French gaz. First attested in the end of the 19th century. Compare Silesian gaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡas/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈɡas/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: gaz

### Noun

gaz m inan (diminutive gazik, related adjective gazowy)
* (countable, chemistry) gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid; chemical element or compound in such a state)
* (uncountable) gas (flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel)
* (uncountable) gas (flame produced by such a fuel)
* (countable) gas instalation (something allowing the transfer and subsequent use of such a fuel)
* (uncountable, colloquial) gas (amount of gasoline sent to the engine as controlled by the driver by means of the gas pedal)
* (countable, colloquial) gas (gas pedal)
* (in the plural) gass (state of having gas in digestive system)
    Synonyms: bąk, bździna, bździoch, pierd, pierdnięcie, wiatry
* (regional, Far Masovian) paraffin, kerosene
    Synonym: nafta
    Weż no i zapal gaz, co tamój stoi na policy. (Far Masovian) ― Take and burn the kerosene that's standing on the shelf.

#### Derived terms

* gazem
* na gazie
* na pełny gaz
* na podwójnym gazie
* pełnym gazem
* gazu
* agrogaz
* biogaz
* biogazownia
* gaz cieplarniany
* gaz koksowniczy
* gaz kopalniany
* gaz łupkowy
* gaz musztardowy
* gaz pieprzowy
* gaz rozweselający
* gaz szlachetny
* gaz świetlny
* gaz ziemny
* wyższa szkoła gotowania na gazie
* gazować impf
* dać gazu pf, dawać gazu impf
* pójść do gazu pf, iść do gazu impf
* zdjąć nogę z gazu pf, zdejmować nogę z gazu impf

#### Related terms

* biogazowy
* gazowość

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: gaz

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), gaz is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 40 times in scientific texts, 14 times in news, 4 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 5 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 67 times, making it the 960th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “gaz”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “gaz”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “gaz”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “gaz”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 125

### Further reading

* gaz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gazy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gaz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “gaz”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “gaz”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 810
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “gaz”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 108

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French gaz.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -az

### Noun

gaz n (plural gaze)
* gas (state of matter)

#### Related terms

* gazos

### Further reading

* gaz in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Salar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kāŕ. Compare to Turkish kaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qɑz]

### Noun

gaz (3rd person possessive [please provide], plural [please provide])
* goose

### References

* 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985) “gaz”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar]‎, Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, page 121
* Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “qaz”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 463
* Ma, Chengjun, Han, Lianye, Ma, Weisheng (December 2010) “qaz”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 224
* Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “gaz”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 105

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gazъ, from extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷā- (“to go”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡâːz/

### Noun

gȃz m (Cyrillic spelling га̑з)
* ford, shallow place
* draft (of a ship)

#### Declension
## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* gas

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Gas. Compare Polish gaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡas/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: gaz

### Noun

gaz m inan (related adjective gazowy)
* gas (flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel)
* paraffin, kerosene

#### Derived terms

* gazmaska

### Further reading

* Bogdan Kallus (2020) “gaz”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 79
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “gaz”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 233

## Sumerian
### Romanization

gaz
* Romanization of 𒄤 (gaz)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish غاز (gaz), from French gaz, from Dutch gas.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

gaz (definite accusative gazı, plural gazlar)
* gas
* throttle

#### Derived terms

* havagazı