# 淫

| 淫 | U+6DEB, &#28139; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DEB |
| ← 淪 [U+6DEA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 淬 → [U+6DEC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

淫 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水月竹土 (EBHG), four-corner 3211$_4$, composition ⿰氵㸒)

#### Derived characters

* 𠽍, 𢴏, 𪱬, 𤎛, 𦹻, 霪, 𱎍

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 631, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17678
* Dae Jaweon: page 1033, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1654, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6DEB

## Bailang
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-jim ~ k-jum (“house”). Compare Burmese အိမ် (im, “house”).

### Noun

淫 (*jəm)
* house

### References

* Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient‎, volume 103, pages 386—429

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 淫 | *lɯm |
| 霪 | *lɯm |
| 婬 | *lɯm |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lɯm): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 㸒 (yín).

### Etymology
#### “to soak; excessive; to let loose; licentious”

    Related to 婬 (OC *lɯm, “licentious”), 霪 (OC *lɯm, “heavy rain”) and 霖 (OC *ɡ·rɯm, “continued rain”) (Wang, 1982). More allofams possibly include 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ, “liquid”) and 沉 (OC *l'um, “to submerge”) (Schuessler, 2007). Probably related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“to fill, flat”).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yín (yin$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jam$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yìm
    (Hailu, HRS): rhim
* Eastern Min (BUC): ìng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ing$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): îm / tâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): im$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$yin / $^2$yin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yín
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yín
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^2$
*** Yale: yín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
*** Palladius: инь (inʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /in³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jam$^4$
*** Yale: yàhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐm²¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìm
*** Hakka Romanization System: im$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yim$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /im¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìm
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)im$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yim$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)im¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhim
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒim⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ìng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ing$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: íng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îm / tâm
*** Tâi-lô: îm / tâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iim, daam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /im²⁴/, /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /im²⁴/, /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /im¹³/, /tam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /im²⁴/, /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /im²³/, /tam²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: im$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: îm
*** Sinological IPA : /im⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yin
*** MiniDict: yin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
** (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^2$yin
*** MiniDict: yin$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦiŋ³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɦiŋ³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦin²²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ɦin³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ɦin²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ɦiŋ²³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /ɦiŋ³¹³/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /ɦiŋ²²/
* Middle Chinese: yim
Rime :
| Character | 淫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 餘針切 |
| Baxter | yim |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jim/ |
| Li Rong | /iəm/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭĕm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yín |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N.r[ə]m/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 淫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yín |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yim › |
| Old Chinese | /*N.r[ə]m/ |
| English | excess; licentious |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 淫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15291 |
| Phonetic component | 淫 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 淫 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯm/ |

#### Definitions

淫
* to soak; to permeate; to drench
* to paint; to dye; to decorate
* to spread; to diffuse; to become prominent
* to move around; to shift; to travel
* to exceed boundary; to overstep one's authority
* excessive; uncontrolled; immoderate; overindulgent
* great; sizeable; immense; big
* (alt. form 霪) to rain for a prolonged period of time; to have continuous heavy rain
* meretricious; flashy; ostentatious
* extravagant; squandering; wasteful
* evil; wicked; sinful; crafty
* in disorder; disorderly; chaotic; disorganised
* to confuse or be confused; to make someone dazed and confused
    From: circa 1068~1085, Cheng Hao（程顥）,《秋日偶成》, tr. Cui Wenkai
    Fùguì bù yín pínjiàn lè, nán'ér dàocǐ shì háoxióng. [Pinyin]
    He who can be impervious to the temptation of wealth and high position, and be happy in impoverishment and humbleness, will surely be a warrior and a hero in this world.
* to let someone have his or her own way; to allow to run wild
* (alt. form 婬／淫) to indulge in; to overindulge; to abandon oneself in; to be greedy for
* (alt. form 婬／淫) to have illicit sexual relations; to commit adultery
* (alt. form 婬／淫) licentious; obscene; lewd; lascivious; depraved; pornographic
    From: c. 1300, 周達觀 (Zhou Daguan), 《真臘風土記》 (The Customs of Cambodia)
    Yòu měi jiàn rén yán: fān fù duō yín, chǎn hòu yī liǎng rì, jí yǔ fū hé. [Pinyin]
    Then again, I have often heard people say that the native women are very lascivious, so that a day or two after giving birth they are immediately coupling with their husbands. (Adapted from translation by Peter Harris)
* Alternative form of 深 (shēn, “deep; deeply”)

#### Compounds

* 不淫
* 侵淫
* 六淫
* 冶容誨淫 / 冶容诲淫
* 口淫 (kǒuyín)
* 奇技淫巧 (qíjìyínqiǎo)
* 奸淫 (jiānyín)
* 姦夫淫婦 / 奸夫淫妇
* 姦淫 / 奸淫 (jiānyín)
* 姦淫擄掠 / 奸淫掳掠
* 姦盜邪淫 / 奸盗邪淫
* 宣淫
* 富貴不淫 / 富贵不淫
* 意淫 (yìyín)
* 慆淫
* 手淫 (shǒuyín)
* 書淫 / 书淫 (shūyín)
* 朋淫
* 樂而不淫 / 乐而不淫 (lè'érbùyín)
* 汎淫 / 泛淫
* 沉湎淫逸
* 泛淫
* 流淫 (liúyín)
* 浸淫
* 淫亂 / 淫乱 (yínluàn)
* 淫佚
* 淫具 (yínjù)
* 淫凶 (yínxiōng)
* 淫刑
* 淫哇
* 淫奔
* 淫威 (yínwēi)
* 淫婦 / 淫妇 (yínfù)
* 淫媟
* 淫媾
* 淫學 / 淫学
* 淫巧
* 淫心慝行
* 淫惠
* 淫情浪態 / 淫情浪态
* 淫慾 / 淫欲 (yínyù)
* 淫業 / 淫业
* 淫樂 / 淫乐
* 淫氣 / 淫气
* 淫水 (yínshuǐ)
* 淫污 (yínwū)
* 淫汙穢臭 / 淫污秽臭
* 淫液
* 淫淫
* 淫潦
* 淫濫 / 淫滥
* 淫猥 (yínwěi)
* 淫祀 (yínsì)
* 淫祠
* 淫視 / 淫视
* 淫穢 / 淫秽 (yínhuì)
* 淫羊藿 (yínyánghuò)
* 淫蕩 / 淫荡 (yíndàng)
* 淫褻 / 淫亵 (yín xiè)
* 淫語 / 淫语 (yínyǔ)
* 淫賤 / 淫贱 (yínjiàn)
* 淫辭 / 淫辞
* 淫遊 / 淫游
* 淫邪
* 淫雨 (yínyǔ)
* 淫靡 (yínmǐ)
* 淫風 / 淫风 (yínfēng)
* 淫鬼
* 滯淫 / 滞淫
* 煩淫 / 烦淫
* 狂淫
* 福善禍淫 / 福善祸淫 (fúshànhuòyín)
* 自淫 (zìyín)
* 荒淫 (huāngyín)
* 荒淫無度 / 荒淫无度 (huāngyínwúdù)
* 荒淫無恥 / 荒淫无耻 (huāngyínwúchǐ)
* 荒淫無道 / 荒淫无道
* 行淫
* 詖淫 / 诐淫
* 誨淫 / 诲淫
* 誨淫性 / 诲淫性
* 誨淫誨盜 / 诲淫诲盗
* 誨盜誨淫 / 诲盗诲淫
* 諂淫 / 谄淫
* 買淫 / 买淫 (mǎiyín)
* 賣淫 / 卖淫 (màiyín)
* 辟淫
* 閉淫 / 闭淫
* 陋淫
* 風淫 / 风淫
* 飽暖生淫 / 饱暖生淫
* 驕奢淫佚 / 骄奢淫佚 (jiāoshēyínyì)
* 驕奢淫泆 / 骄奢淫泆
* 驕奢淫逸 / 骄奢淫逸 (jiāoshēyínyì)
* 驕淫 / 骄淫

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jim$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jim$^6$
*** Yale: yihm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jim$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yim$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːm²²/

#### Definitions

淫
* Only used in 淫預／淫预: Alternative form of 灩澦 / 滟滪 (“a dangerous pile of rocks in the middle of the Yangtze River in Sichuan”)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáo (yao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^2$
*** Yale: yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^4$
*** Yale: yìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯²¹/

#### Definitions

淫
* (mythology, historical) Alternative name for 瑤池／瑶池 (Yáochí, “a legendary body of water”).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* lewd; licentiousness

#### Readings

* Go-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
* Kun: みだら (midara, 淫ら, Jōyō)、あふれる (afureru, 淫れる)、ふける (fukeru, 淫る)、ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 淫)、ひたす (hitasu)、みだす (midasu, 淫す)、おおきい (ōkī, 淫きい)、ながあめ (nagaame, 淫)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 淫
* いん Grade: S
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 婬
From Middle Chinese 淫 (MC yim).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ĩɴ]

### Affix

淫(いん) • (in)
* lewd; licentious; obscene; indecent
* excessive; go too far

### Noun

淫(いん) • (in)
* (literary) lewdness; licentiousness; Also used as a nari-adjective: lewd; obscene; licentious
    Synonym: 淫ら (midara)
* (literary) lust; sexual desire
    Synonyms: 色欲 (shikiyoku), 性欲 (seiyoku)
* (literary) semen
    Synonym: 精液 (seieki)

### References

* ↑ “淫”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

淫 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

淫: Hán Nôm readings: dâm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation