OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ܚܫܘܒܐ ܡܫܬܢܝܢܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Calque of French ordinateur portable as substitute for the more common Anglicism ܠܵܦܬܘܿܦ (lāptōp).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [xɑːʃoːwɑː‿mɪʃ.tan.jɑːnɑː]

### Noun

ܚܵܫܘܿܒ݂ܵܐ ܡܸܫܬܲܢܝܵܢܵܐ • (ḥāšōḇā mištanyānā) m sg (plural ܚܵܫܘܿܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܡܸܫܬܲܢܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (ḥāšōḇē mištanyānē))
* (computing) laptop
    Synonym: ܚܵܫܘܿܒ݂ܵܐ ܡܸܬܬܙܝܼܥܵܢܵܐ (ḥāšōḇā mittzīˁānā)
    ܟܠ ܐܸܣܟܘܿܠܵܝܹ̈ܐ ܟܹܐ ܩܲܒܠܝܼ ܚܵܫܘܿܒ݂ܵܐ ܡܸܫܬܲܢܝܵܢܵܐ ܘܡܢܲܛܪܵܢܘܼܬܵܐ ܚܘܼܠܡܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܝܼܠܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ.kul iskollāyē kē qablī ḥāšōḇā mištanyānā w-mnaṭrānūtā ḥulmānāytā dīlānāytā.All students receive a laptop and private health insurance.
# outsubtled
## English
### Verb

outsubtled
* simple past and past participle of outsubtle
# німкеня
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Ні́меч(чина) (Nímeč(čyna), “German”) +‎ -еня (-enja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nʲimˈkɛnʲɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

німке́ня • (nimkénja) f pers (genitive німке́ні, nominative plural німке́ні, genitive plural німке́нь, masculine ні́мець)
* female equivalent of ні́мець (nímecʹ): German
    Synonym: (less common) ні́мка (nímka)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “німкеня”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “німкеня”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “німкеня”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “німкеня”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# судилище
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic сѫдилище (sǫdilište). By surface analysis, суди́ть (sudítʹ, “to judge”) +‎ -лище (-lišče).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʊˈdʲilʲɪɕːɪ]
* IPA: [sʊˈdʲilʲɪɕːe]

### Noun

суди́лище • (sudílišče) n inan (genitive суди́лища, nominative plural суди́лища, genitive plural суди́лищ)
* (law, dated) court of law, trial
* (derogatory) unfair court of law, unfair trial

#### Related terms

* суди́ть (sudítʹ), суди́ться (sudítʹsja)
* суд (sud), су́дный (súdnyj)
* судья́ (sudʹjá), суде́йский (sudéjskij)
* суди́мость (sudímostʹ)

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic сѫдилище (sǫdilište). By surface analysis, суди́ти (sudýty, “to judge”) +‎ -ище (-yšče).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʊˈdɪɫeʃt͡ʃe]

### Noun

суди́лище • (sudýlyšče) n inan (genitive суди́лища, nominative plural суди́лища, genitive plural суди́лищ)
* (law, dated) court of law, trial (usually used ironically or to refer to an unfair one)

#### Related terms

* суди́ти (sudýty), суди́тися (sudýtysja)
* суд (sud), су́дний (súdnyj)
* суддя́ (suddjá), судді́вський (suddívsʹkyj)
* суди́мість (sudýmistʹ)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “суди́лище”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
# випущено
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

випущений (vypuščenyj) +‎ -ено (-eno)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʋɪpʊʃt͡ʃenɔ]

### Participle

ви́пущено • (výpuščeno)
* impersonal past passive participle of ви́пустити pf (výpustyty)
# Oieni
## Italian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Oieni m or f by sense
* a surname

### Further reading

* Stefano Ravara, Mappa dei Cognomi, 2015–2025
# Rojita
## Spanish
### Proper noun

La Rojita f
* (soccer) the Chile national under-20 football team
* (soccer) the Spain national under-21 football team
# destiño
## Spanish
### Verb

destiño
* first-person singular present indicative of desteñir
# Aslum
## English
### Proper noun

Aslum
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# drënjë
## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *draunjā, from Proto-Indo-European *drew- (“tree; hard, strong, firm”). Compare Latin dūrus (“hard, rough”), Old English trum (“strong, firm”), Old Armenian տրամ (tram, “firm, solid”), and Ancient Greek δροόν (droón, “strong, mighty”).

### Noun

drénjë f
* cornel-cherry
* strong, healthy, sound

#### Alternative forms

* drenjë
* dreng

#### Related terms

* drinjë
* dru
# Holy Child I
## English
### Proper noun

Holy Child I
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# Zhetysu
## English
### Alternative forms

* Zhetisu, Jetisuw, Jetysu, Jeti-su, Jity-su

### Proper noun

Zhetysu
* A region of eastern Kazakhstan
* A district of Almaty, Kazakhstan
** 2020, Assel Satubaldina, “Kazakhstan Celebrates International Children’s Day”, in Astana Times‎:“We bought gifts, sweets, toys, and creative boxes and organized a mobile group, which included juvenile police officers and district inspectors, and then we went to visit these families. We did not do anything supernatural. Kindness and mercy, in my opinion, is the basis of human relations especially when communicating with children,” said Darkhan Musanov, head of Almaty’s Zhetysu District police department, noting this was not just a one-time campaign.

### See also

* Aksu
* Onsu

### Further reading

* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Zhety Su”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 3, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 3564, column 2

### Anagrams

* syuzhet
# частенько
## Russian
### Etymology

ча́сто (částo) +‎ -е́нько (-énʹko)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ɕɪˈsʲtʲenʲkə]
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

часте́нько • (časténʹko)
* (colloquial) often

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From ча́сто (částo) +‎ -е́нько (-énʹko).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃɐˈstɛnʲkɔ]
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

часте́нько • (časténʹko)
* endearing form of ча́сто (částo, “often”)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “частенько”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “частенько”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “частенько”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “частенько”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “частенько”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# спокійнісінько
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From спокійний (spokijnyj) +‎ -ісінький (-isinʹkyj) +‎ -о (-o).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [spɔkʲii̯ˈnʲisʲinʲkɔ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adverb

спокійні́сінько • (spokijnísinʹko) (colloquial)
* very calmly, very tranquilly
* very peacefully

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “спокійнісінько”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “спокійнісінько”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “спокійнісінько”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “спокійнісінько”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “спокійнісінько”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# すみだ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of すみだ – see the following entries. :
| 【墨田】 | [proper noun] Sumida (one of 23 special wards in Tokyo prefecture, Japan) |
| 【角田かくた】 | [proper noun] a surname Alternative spellings すみた, つのだ, つのた |
(This term, すみだ (sumida), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) :
# socjopatią
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɔ.t͡sjɔˈpa.tjɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -atjɔw̃
* Syllabification: so‧cjo‧pa‧tią

### Noun

socjopatią
* instrumental singular of socjopatia
# Barça
## English
### Alternative forms

* Barca

### Etymology

Shortened form of Futbol Club Barcelona, keeping the Catalan spelling rules. Since this football team is a symbol of the city of Barcelona, this word has been associated with the whole city, although it's wrong to use Barça to refer to the city itself; instead, one would use Barna.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈbɑɹsə/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbɑːsə/
* Hyphenation: Bar‧ça

### Proper noun

Barça
* (soccer) Clipping of Futbol Club Barcelona.

### Anagrams

* Cabra

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈbar.sə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈbaɾ.sa]
* Rhymes: -aɾsa

### Proper noun

Barça m
* (soccer) Clipping of Futbol Club Barcelona.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbaɾsa/ [ˈbaɾ.sa]
* Rhymes: -aɾsa

### Proper noun

Barça m
* (soccer) Clipping of Futbol Club Barcelona.

## Turkish
### Proper noun

Barça
* a male given name
# Iocolano
## Italian
### Etymology

Italianized form of Sicilian juculanu (“joker”), probably a nickname for a playful or lighthearted person.

### Proper noun

Iocolano m or f by sense
* a surname from Sicilian [in turn transferred from the nickname]

### Further reading

* Stefano Ravara, Mappa dei Cognomi, 2015–2025
# psować
## Polish
### Etymology

From pieś +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Lasovia) IPA: /ˈpsɔ.vat͡ɕ/

### Verb

psować impf
* (transitive, Lasovia) Synonym of męczyć (“to bother someone about something”)

### Further reading

* Oskar Kolberg (1865) “psować”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 264
# proto-emotion
## English
### Alternative forms

* protoemotion

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Southern British) IPA: /ˈpɹəw.təw.ɪˌməw.ʃən/
* (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈpɹoʊ̯.toʊ̯.ɪˌmoʊ̯.ʃən/, /ˈpɹoʊ̯.toʊ̯.iˌmoʊ̯.ʃən/
* (This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.)

### Noun

proto-emotion (countable and uncountable, plural proto-emotions)
* An impression that could evolve into an emotion in the course of personality development.
** 2010 April 26, Neil J. MacKinnon, David R. Heise, “Seven: Theories of Identities and Selves”, in Self, Identity, and Social Institutions, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, page 184:Wiley argues that cognitive and emotional theories of the self are partially correct and complementary, that “the self is constituted in a cognitively reflexive manner, but in addition it is powered by a kind of emotion, itself also reflexive” (1994, p. 114). In this regard, he contends that “the James-Cooley self-feeling, particularly at its core, is not an emotion in the ordinary sense but rather an energy or force (or ‘proto-emotion’), similar to Durkheim’s semiotic solidarity.
** 2021 May 5, Patricia L. Grosse, “When the Love Is Bad”, in Claude-Hélène Mayer, Elisabeth Vanderheiden, editors, International Handbook of Love, Berlin: Springer, →DOI, page 724:Emotions and feelings, on Scrutton’s account, are represented by a plethora of words in Latin, none of which convey what modern accounts of emotion seek to convey. However, Augustine’s account of the nature of feelings (what can generally be described as emotions), is important for moving forward in the philosophy of love and emotions. Love, for Augustine, is not an emotion at all, and neither is it a proto-emotion.
** 2025 February 1, Kirk Honda, 1:29:33 from the start, in HealthyGamerGG, director, Avoidant Personality Disorder Deep Dive:For clients they can often be quite alarmed if they are experiencing these emotions and will compare themselves to other people and say: “there’s something wrong with me, why are my emotions like this, when other people report their emotions like this, they’re amazing,” so you know I will have them pump the brakes and say like you're experiencing proto-emotion and we have to go through those steps before it can feel more handleable.

#### See also

* primary affect
* alexithymia
* schizoid personality disorder
# menstruare
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* mestruare

### Etymology

Etymological variant of mestruare, restoring the n present in Latin menstruus (“monthly, menstrual”).

### Verb

* This Italian verb needs to be reviewed and cleaned up.
* The definition(s) may be wrong or misleading, and important senses may be missing. The specified auxiliary may also be wrong. The remainder of the conjugation is probably correct for -are verbs but may be wrong in some particulars for -ire verbs (especially the present participle).
menstruàre (first-person singular present mènstruo, first-person singular past historic menstruài, past participle menstruàto, auxiliary avére)
* (rare) Alternative form of mestruare

#### Conjugation
### Anagrams

* menstruerà

## Latin
### Verb

mēnstruāre
* inflection of mēnstruō:
** present active infinitive
** second-person singular present passive imperative/indicative

## Spanish
### Verb

menstruare
* first/third-person singular future subjunctive of menstruar
# вкинено
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

вкинути (vkynuty) +‎ -ено (-eno)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʍkɪnenɔ]

### Participle

вки́нено • (vkýneno)
* impersonal past passive participle of вки́нути pf (vkýnuty)
    Alternative form: вки́нуто (vkýnuto)
# Batoidea
## Translingual
### Etymology

Ancient Greek βατίς or βάτος (batís or bátos, “skate, ray”) +‎ -oidea.
From the specific name of the common skate, Dipturus batis, and several ray genera suffixed -batis or -batus. (The genera Batis and Batus derive from alternate senses in Greek and are unrelated.)

### Proper noun

Batoidea
* A taxonomic superorder within the class Chondrichthyes – rays.

#### Synonyms

* Rajomorphii

#### Hypernyms

* (superorder): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Chondrichthyes – class; Elasmobranchii – subclass

#### Hyponyms

* (superorder): Myliobatiformes, Pristiformes, Rajiformes, Rhinopristiformes, Torpediniformes – orders
** Rajonchocotyle – genus incertae sedis

### References

* Batoidea on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Batoidea on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Batoidea on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# бачено
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

бачити (bačyty) +‎ -ено (-eno)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbat͡ʃenɔ]

### Participle

ба́чено • (báčeno) impf
* past passive impersonal participle of ба́чити (báčyty)
# destinó
## Spanish
### Verb

destinó
* third-person singular preterite indicative of destinar
# Rushwick
## English
### Proper noun

Rushwick
* A village and civil parish in Malvern Hills district, Worcestershire, England (OS grid ref SO8253).

### References

* Parish map
# Binongto-an
## English
### Proper noun

Binongto-an
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# drushtat
## Albanian
### Noun

drushtat
* definite nominative/accusative plural of drushtë
# Veteranos
## English
### Proper noun

Veteranos
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# Tabangohay
## English
### Proper noun

Tabangohay
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# San Francisco East
## English
### Proper noun

San Francisco East
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# Mudboron
## English
### Proper noun

Mudboron
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# Lingayon
## English
### Proper noun

Lingayon
* A barangay of Alangalang, Leyte, Philippines.
# ribusciato
## Italian
### Etymology

Dialectal variant influenced by Neapolitan ribbusciàto.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ri.buʃˈʃa.to/

### Adjective

ribusciato (feminine ribusciata, masculine plural ribusciati, feminine plural ribusciate)
* Alternative form of debosciato: debauched, depraved, rakish
# післявоєнний
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From після- (pislja-) +‎ воє́нний (vojénnyj). Compare Russian послевое́нный (poslevojénnyj), Belarusian паслявае́нны (pasljavajénny).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲisʲlʲɐwɔˈjɛnːei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

післявоє́нний • (pisljavojénnyj)
* post-war, postbellum (of the period following a war)
    Synonym: повоє́нний (povojénnyj)

#### Related terms

* війна́ f (vijná)
* воє́нний (vojénnyj)
* довоє́нний (dovojénnyj)
* міжвоє́нний (mižvojénnyj)
* передвоє́нний (peredvojénnyj)
* повоє́нний (povojénnyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “післявоєнний”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “післявоєнний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “післявоєнний”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “післявоєнний”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# Mathew
## English
### Proper noun

Mathew
* A male given name from Hebrew, of occasional usage, variant of Matthew.
* A surname.

## Welsh
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Matthew.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Proper noun

Mathew m (not mutable)
* (biblical) The Gospel of Matthew

#### Coordinate terms

* Mathew
* Marc
* Luc
* Ioan
* Actau'r Apostolion
* Rhufeiniaid
* 1 Corinthiaid
* 2 Corinthiaid
* Galatiaid
* Effesiaid
* Philipiaid
* Colosiaid
* 1 Thesaloniaid
* 2 Thesaloniaid
* 1 Timotheus
* 2 Timotheus
* Titus
* Philemon
* Hebreaid
* Iago
* 1 Pedr
* 2 Pedr
* 1 Ioan
* 2 Ioan
* 3 Ioan
* Jwdas
* Datguddiad
# alkoholiczką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /al.kɔ.xɔˈlit͡ʂ.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -it͡ʂkɔw̃
* Syllabification: al‧ko‧ho‧licz‧ką

### Noun

alkoholiczką
* instrumental singular of alkoholiczka
# rychtyk
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German richtig. Compare Kashubian richtich and Silesian rychtig

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈrɘx.tɘk/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈrɘx.tɘk/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈrɘx.tɘk/
** (Lasovia) IPA: /ˈrɘx.tɘk/

### Particle

rychtyk (diminutive rychtyczek)
* (Kuyavia, Far Masovian, Kielce, Lasovia) exactly, right

### Further reading

* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “rychtyk”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 276
* Antoni Waga (1860) “rychtyk”, in “Abecadłowy spis wyrazów ludowego języka w okolicach Łomży, Wizny i przyległych”, in Kazimierz Władysław Wóycicki, editor, Biblioteka Warszawska (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 757
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “rychtyk”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 121
* Jan Łoś (1886) “ryxtyg”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 188
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1895) “rychtyk”, in “Słowniczek wyrazów ludowych we wsi Jaksicach”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 94
* Oskar Kolberg (1865) “rychtyk”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 264

## Silesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɪx.tɪk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪxtɪk
* Syllabification: rych‧tyk

### Particle

rychtyk
* Alternative form of rychtig
# Harijan
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hindi हरिजन (harijan, literally “Children of God”). Coined by Narsinh Mehta, a Gujarati Bhakti poet Narsinh Mehta in the 15th century and popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as an alternative to the term Dalit.

### Noun

Harijan (plural Harijans)
* (derogatory) Synonym of Dalit.

#### Usage notes

Now considered offensive to Dalits, as the term is considered patronising, ignorant, and seeking to assimilate them into Hindu nationalism.
* ↑ Ramabadran, Sudharshan, Paswan, Guru (2021) Makers of Modern Dalit History, Penguin Random House India, →ISBN, page xv

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hindi हरिजन (harijan, literally “Children of God”). Coined by Narsinh Mehta, a Gujarati Bhakti poet Narsinh Mehta in the 15th century and popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as an alternative to the term Dalit.

### Noun

Harijan m (plural Harijans)
* (derogatory) Harijan
** 2021, Laetitia Colombani, Le Cerf-Volant, Grasset, page 43:Un jour, Léna apprendra les punitions qu’on réserve aux enfants des hautes castes qui se hasardent à toucher un Harijan, comme les appelait Gandhi. Elle entendra le témoignage de cet homme, contraint à l’âge de huit ans d’avaler de l’urine et de la bouse de vache pour expier sa faute.One day, Lena will learn about the punishments reserved for high caste children who dare to touch a Harijan, as Gandhi called them. She will hear the testimony of this man, who at eight years old was forced to consume cow urine and cowpat to expiate his error.

#### Usage notes

Now considered offensive to Dalits, as the term is considered patronising, ignorant, and seeking to assimilate them into Hindu nationalism.
# overcrowd
## English
### Etymology

From over- +‎ crowd.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

overcrowd (third-person singular simple present overcrowds, present participle overcrowding, simple past and past participle overcrowded)
* To fill beyond reasonable limits, with people, animals, objects or information.
** 1961 January, “The North-East London electrification of the Great Eastern Line”, in Trains Illustrated, page 19:The host of business travellers between Bishops Stortford and London would scarcely take kindly to devious routing via the Southbury line; on the other hand, it is not desirable that they should overcrowd the business trains to and from Cambridge.
# jam-pack
## English
### Etymology

From jam +‎ pack.

### Verb

jam-pack (third-person singular simple present jam-packs, present participle jam-packing, simple past and past participle jam-packed)
* (transitive, informal) To pack or fill very tightly.
** 2021 October 20, Philip Haigh, “At a crossroads... and being pulled in different directions”, in RAIL, number 942, page 51:ScotRail General Manager Margaret Hoey told me at the reopening that she wanted to add shops but didn't "want to jam-pack the station".

#### Related terms

* jam-packed
# Bos taurus
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Bos taurus m
* A taxonomic species within the family Bovidae – domestic cattle, a bull, or a cow.

#### Synonyms

* (domestic cattle): Bos primigenius taurus (considered as descendant of Bos primigenius)

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Artiodactyla – order; Bovidae – family; Bovinae – subfamily; Bos – genus; Bos (Bos) – subgenus

#### Hyponyms

* (domestic cattle): Bos taurus indicus, †Bos taurus primigenius, Bos taurus taurus – subspecies

### References

* Bos taurus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Bos taurus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Bos taurus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# Sapayoidae
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Etymology

Sapayoa +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Sapayoidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Passeriformes – sapayoas.

#### Hypernyms

* (family): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Neoaves – superorder; Passeriformes – order; Eurylaimoidea – superfamily

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Sapayoa – sole genus
# szesnastolatką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʂɛs.nas.tɔˈlat.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -atkɔw̃
* Syllabification: szes‧nas‧to‧lat‧ką

### Noun

szesnastolatką
* instrumental singular of szesnastolatka