OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# աղկաղկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian աղկաղկ (ałkałk)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑχˈkɑχk/, [ɑχkɑ́χk]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑχˈɡɑχɡ/, [ɑχkɑ́χk]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Hyphenation: աղ‧կաղկ

### Adjective

աղկաղկ • (aġkaġk) (superlative ամենաաղկաղկ)
* poor, miserable
* lean, meagre

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* անկաղկ (ankałk)

### Etymology

A reduplication of *աղկ- (*ałk-), usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *alg-, *elg- (“poor, miserable”), with cognates such as Lithuanian el̃geta (“beggar”), elgetáuti (“to beg”), Old High German ilgi (“famine”), Ancient Greek ἄλγος (álgos, “pain, grief”), Old Church Slavonic алъкати (alŭkati), Old Irish elc (“malicious, spiteful”), olc (“bad, evil”), but there are problems with this etymology. Possibly connected with Latin algeo (“to be cold, feel chilly, endure cold”).

### Adjective

աղկաղկ • (ałkałk)
* indigent, poor, miserable
* useless, unfit

#### Derived terms

* աղկաղկեմ (ałkałkem)
* աղկաղկիմ (ałkałkim)
* աղկաղկութիւն (ałkałkutʻiwn)
* աղկաղկուկ (ałkałkuk)
* անկաղկութիւն (ankałkutʻiwn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: աղկաղկ (aġkaġk)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 34
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աղկաղկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “elg-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 310
* 1 2 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aɫkaɫk”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 37

### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աղկաղկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աղկաղկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# aloé
## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* aloes (archaic), áloé, aloe, áloe (superseded)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin aloē (“aloe”), from Ancient Greek ἀλόη (alóē, “aloe”), from Hebrew אֲהָלִים (ʾăhālîm), ultimately from Tamil அகில் (akil).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒlojeː]
* Hyphenation: aloé
* Rhymes: -jeː

### Noun

aloé (plural aloék)
* (botany) aloe (plant of the genus Aloe)
* (archaic) aloe (strong, bitter drink made from the juice of aloe, used as a purgative)
* (botany, dated) century plant, American aloe (Agave americana)
    Synonyms: százéves aloé, agávé, amerikai agávé, közönséges agávé

#### Derived terms

* aloés
* aloébokor
* aloéfa
* aloéfaj
* aloélevél
* aloétövis
* aloévirág
* tigrisaloé (Gonialoe variegata)
* orvosi aloé (Aloe vera)
* százéves aloé (Agave americana)

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
* ↑ aloé in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

### Further reading

* áloé in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* aloé in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French aloes, from Latin aloē, from Ancient Greek ἀλόη (alóē, “aloe”), from Hebrew.

### Noun

aloé m (uncountable)
* (Jersey) aloe

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* áloe, aloés

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin aloē.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.loˈɛ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /a.lɔˈɛ/, /aˈlwɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɛ
* Hyphenation: a‧lo‧é

### Noun

aloé m (plural aloés)
* aloe (plant of the genus Aloe)

### References

* ↑ “aloé”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “aloé”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# llwy
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *lluɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *leigā. Cognate with Cornish lo, Breton loa (Vannes dialect loé, lui).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ɬuːɨ̯/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ɬʊi̯/
* Rhymes: -uːɨ̯

### Noun

llwy f (plural llwyau)
* spoon

#### Derived terms

* llwy gawl (“soup spoon”)
* llwy fwrdd, llwy ford (“tablespoon”)
* llwy de (“teaspoon”)
* llwyaid (“spoonful”)
* llwybig (“spoonbill”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “llwy”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

### Anagrams

* llyw
* wyll
# slawistykę
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /sla.visˈtɘ.kɛ/, (careful speech) /sla.visˈtɘ.kɛw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɘkɛw̃
* Syllabification: sla‧wis‧ty‧kę

### Noun

slawistykę
* accusative singular of slawistyka
# ёл
## Erzya
### Alternative forms

* ёло (jolo)

### Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *jolə. Cognate with Moksha ёл (jol).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jol/
* Hyphenation: ёл

### Noun

ёл • (jol)
* rod
    аволямс ёлосо ― avoľams joloso ― to swing a rod
* (dialectal) fishing rod
* pond, pool

#### Declension
### References

* B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “ёл”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN

## Kumyk
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yōl.

### Noun

ёл • (yol)
* road, way

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “ёл”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

## Mongolian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɔɮ/
* Syllabification: ёл (1 syllable)

### Noun

ёл • (jol) (Mongolian spelling ᠶᠣᠯᠤ (yolu))
* lammergeier, lammergeyer

## Tajik
### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian یَال (yāl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jol/, [jɔl]

### Noun

ёл • (yol) (Persian spelling یال)
* mane
* (archaic, rare) neck
# անիշխանություն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian անիշխանութիւն (anišxanutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑniʃχɑnuˈtʰjun/, [ɑniʃχɑnut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑniʃχɑnuˈtʏn/, [ɑniʃχɑnutʰʏ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

անիշխանություն • (anišxanutʻyun) (traditional orthography spelling անիշխանութիւն)
* anarchy

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated
# Dienbienphu
## English
### Proper noun

Dienbienphu
* Alternative form of Dien Bien Phu
** 1954 May 19, United Press, “Heroic Nurse Stays in Fort”, in San Mateo Times‎, San Mateo, California, page 1:The Communist captor of Genevieve De Galard Terraube, the heroic “angel of Dienbienphu” told her today she is free to leave the Red-held fortress of Dienbienphu at any time.
# teletem
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɛlɛtɛm]

### Noun

teletem
* instrumental singular of tele
# micropin
## English
### Etymology

micro- +‎ pin

### Noun

micropin (plural micropins)
* A microscale pin.
# àloe
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin aloē, from Ancient Greek ἀλόη (alóē, “aloes”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈa.lu.ə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈa.lo.ə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈa.lo.e]

### Noun

àloe m (plural àloes)
* aloe (plant of the genus Aloe)

#### Synonyms

* (Valencia) sèver

#### Derived terms

* àloe vera

### Further reading

* “àloe” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# هنڌ
## Sindhi
### Noun

هَنْڌُ • (haNdhu) m (Devanagari हंधु)
* place, situation, abode
    هِيءُ ھَر هَنْڌُ حاضِر آهيHe is present at every place
* room, house, residence
* bedding, a bed

### References

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “هَنڌُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
# skandynawistyki
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /skan.dɘ.na.visˈtɘ.ki/
* Rhymes: -ɘki
* Syllabification: skan‧dy‧na‧wis‧ty‧ki

### Noun

skandynawistyki
* genitive singular of skandynawistyka
# ruenta
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ruˈen.ta/, [ruˈɛn̪t̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ruˈen.ta/, [ruˈɛn̪t̪ä]

### Participle

ruenta
* nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of ruēns
# գիտելիք
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian գիտելիք (gitelikʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡiteˈlikʰ/, [ɡitelíkʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kideˈlik/, [kʰidelíkʰ]
* Hyphenation: գի‧տե‧լիք

### Noun

գիտելիք • (gitelikʻ)
* knowledge
# Erisian
## English
### Etymology

From Eris +‎ -ian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈɹɪʒ.ən/, /əˈɹiː.ʒən/

### Adjective

Erisian (comparative more Erisian, superlative most Erisian)
* (Greek mythology) Of or relating to Eris.
# ćelećom
## Upper Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛlɛt͡ʃɔm/

### Noun

ćelećom
* instrumental singular of ćelo
# micropins
## English
### Noun

micropins
* plural of micropin
# aloë's
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

aloë's
* plural of aloë
# platos fuertes
## Spanish
### Noun

platos fuertes
* plural of plato fuerte
# bělorusistiku
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbjɛlorusɪscɪku]

### Noun

bělorusistiku
* accusative singular of bělorusistika
# Gersthofens
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˌɡɛʁstˈhoːfn̩s]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Gerst‧ho‧fens

### Proper noun

Gersthofens
* genitive singular of Gersthofen
# ծպտել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian ծպտեմ (cptem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡səpˈtel/, [t͡səptél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /d͡zəbˈdel/, [d͡zəbdél]

### Verb

ծպտել • (cptel)
* to disguise, to cloak, to mask
* to disguise someone
* to hide, to conceal
* Synonym of ծպտվել (cptvel)

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated
# Ersa
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἕρσα (Hérsa, literally “Dew”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɜːsə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɜɹsə/

### Proper noun

Ersa
* (Greek mythology) The goddess/personification of the dew.
* A female given name.

### Anagrams

* Sare, EARs, eras, arse, AREs, Sera, ERAs, reas, Sear, sera, sear, ears, RASE, SERA, rase, Ares, ares, ARSE, sare
# ćelatami
## Upper Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛlatami/

### Noun

ćelatami
* instrumental plural of ćelo
# բող
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /boʁ/, [boʁ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /poʁ/, [pʰoʁ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

բող • (boġ)
* Alternative form of բոխի (boxi)
* (dialectal) Alternative form of բողկ (boġk)

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* բողիկ (bołik) (with -իկ (-ik))

### Etymology

A specialized meaning of unattested *բող (*boł, “plant, sprout”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol- from *bʰleh₃-. The *բող (*boł) can be seen in բողբոջ (bołboǰ, “shoot, sprout; bud”) and dialectal բոխի (boxi, “a kind of bitter field-plant”), բոխ (box, “tree shoot with buds used as animal feed”), բոխալ (boxal, “to sprout”), probably also բոխի (boxi, “hornbeam”).

### Noun

բող • (boł)
* a kind of plant
** 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʻ Gałianosi [The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen]

#### Derived terms

* իգաբող (igaboł)

#### Related terms

* բողբոջ (bołboǰ)

#### Descendants

* Middle Armenian: բոխ (box), բոխի (boxi)
** Armenian: բոխի (boxi), պէխէ (pēxē), պէխի (pēxi), պօ̈խէ (pöxē), պօ̈խի (pöxi) — Karabakh, dialectological notation, բեխի (bexi), պեխի (pexi) — dialectal, normalized notation
*** → Northern Kurdish: box, boxe (“Ferula”)
*** → Zazaki: boğîk
* → Classical Syriac: ܒܠܝܩܐ (blyqˀ /⁠ballīqā⁠/, “Ferula communis”) (perhaps)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բող”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 464
* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 42–43
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “բող”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 180
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “բող”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# stone-hard
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English ston-hard, ston-harde, from Old English *stānheard, equivalent to stone +‎ hard.

### Adjective

stone-hard (not comparable)
* Alternative form of stonehard

### Anagrams

* Hardstone, hardstone
# זוהר הצפון
## Hebrew
### Etymology

זוהר \ זֹהַר (zóhar, “glow”) +‎ צָפוֹן (tsafón, “north”)

### Noun

זוהר הצפון / זֹהַר הַצָּפוֹן • (zóhar hatsafón) m
* aurora borealis

#### Related terms

* זוהר הדרום / זֹהַר הַדָּרוֹם (zóhar hadaróm)
* זוהר קוטבי / זֹהַר קׇטְבִּי (zóhar kotbí)
# vietnamistiky
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪjɛtnamɪscɪkɪ]

### Noun

vietnamistiky
* inflection of vietnamistika:
** nominative/accusative/vocative plural
** genitive singular
# Aliçka
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Aliçka
* a surname
# կնություն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian կնութիւն (knutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kənuˈtʰjun/, [kənut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɡənuˈtʏn/, [ɡənutʰʏ́n]

### Noun

կնություն • (knutʻyun) (traditional orthography spelling կնութիւն)
* the state of being a married woman, a wife
    կնություն անել ― knutʻyun anel ― (dated) to perform the traditional duties of a wife as a woman
    կնության առնել ― knutʻyan aṙnel ― to take as one's wife, to marry
    կնության գնալ ― knutʻyan gnal ― to accept a man as one's husband, to marry
    կնության տալ ― knutʻyan tal ― to be married off as a woman
* femininity, womanhood

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated
# transness
## English
### Etymology

From trans +‎ -ness.

### Noun

transness (uncountable)
* The condition or quality of being transgender or transsexual.
** 1996, R. Scott Gerdes, “Extraordinary Lives—A Personal History of the F2M Movement (Part Ⅱ): Where have we been? Where are we going?”, in Jean Marie Stine, editor, Transgender Tapestry, volume 1, number 77, Waltham, Massachusetts: International Foundation for Gender Education, →ISSN, →OCLC, UPC 07447074121377, page 42, column 2:Green recognized that there are “little beehives of transness” in a few major US cities and abroad and F2M individuals who take upon themselves the role of educator and activist
** 2013, Julia Serano, Excluded: Making Feminist and Queer Movements More Inclusive‎, Seal Press, published 2013, →ISBN:Clearly, these were folks who chose to view my transness as an “affliction” (despite the fact that I did not portray it that way myself).
** 2014, Diane Anderson-Minshall, Jacob Anderson-Minshall, Queerly Beloved: A Love Story Across Genders‎, Bold Strokes Books, published 2014, →ISBN:Now though, I've been thinking more about the idea that one can be attracted to transgender men (or women) in part because of their transness, not (as mainstream culture seems to think) in spite of it.
** 2014, Janet Mock, Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love & So Much More, Atria, published 2014, →ISBN, page 248:My transness felt irrelevant to most of my informal, passing relationships. It was not something I discussed upon meeting someone.

#### Synonyms

* (condition of being transgender): transgenderness, transgenderedness (sometimes offensive); see transgendered
* (condition of being transsexual): transsexualness
# ćelatach
## Upper Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛlatax/

### Noun

ćelatach
* locative plural of ćelo
# daʻii-
## Navajo
### Prefix

daʻii-
* first-person plural imperfective of ʼa-
# floddie
## English
### Noun

floddie (plural floddies)
* (UK) A kind of potato cake made from grated potato, sometimes with bacon added.
# Loboc
## English
### Proper noun

Loboc
* A municipality of Bohol, Philippines.
* A river in Bohol, Philippines.

## Cebuano
### Proper noun

Loboc
* A municipality of Bohol

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈlobok/ [ˈloː.bok̚] (prescribed)
*** Rhymes: -obok
** IPA: /loˈbok/ [loˈbok̚]
*** Rhymes: -ok
* Syllabification: Lo‧boc

### Proper noun

Loboc or Lobóc (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜊᜓᜃ᜔)
* Loboc (a municipality of Bohol, Philippines)
* Loboc River (a river in Bohol, Philippines)
# sorabistika
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsorabɪstɪka]

### Noun

sorabistika f
* (humanities) Sorbian studies

#### Declension
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɔrabistika]

### Noun

sorabistika f
* (humanities) Sorbian studies

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “sorabistika”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Ambystomatidae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Ambystoma +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Ambystomatidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Caudata – certain salamanders.

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Ambystoma, Dicamptodon - genera

### References

* Ambystomatidae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Ambystomatidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Ambystomatidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# ներքո
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian ներքոյ (nerkʻoy).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /neɾˈkʰo/, [neɾkʰó]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /neɾˈko/, [neɾkʰó]

### Postposition

ներքո • (nerkʻo) (traditional orthography spelling ներքոյ)
* (formal) under, below

#### Synonyms

* տակ (tak)
# Liu
## English
### Etymology

From several Chinese surnames, including:
* From Mandarin 劉 / 刘 (liú). Doublet of Lau and Luu.
* From Cantonese 廖 (liu$^6$). Doublet of Liao.

### Pronunciation

* (surname from Mandarin 劉): IPA: (like Mandarin) /liˈoʊ/, (like Taishanese, Hakka, Northern Min, Hokkien, etc) /liˈu/; (also) /ˈlu/
* (surname from Cantonese 廖): (Hong Kong) IPA: /ˈliu̯/

### Proper noun

Liu (plural Lius)
* A surname from Chinese.
** A surname from Mandarin.
** A surname from Cantonese.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Liu is the 411st most common surname in the United States, belonging to 78370 individuals. Liu is most common among Asian/Pacific Islander (95.62%) individuals.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Chinese surnames, from Mandarin pronunciations, especially 劉／刘 (liú).

### Proper noun

Liu
* a surname, Liu, from Chinese
** a surname from Mandarin

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Hakka (Liù, Liuˇ, Liu2) pronunciations, from Chinese 劉／刘 (liú).

### Proper noun

Liu
* a surname, Liu, from Chinese
** a surname from Hakka

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* Lew, Leow

### Etymology

Borrowed from Mandarin 劉 / 刘 (Liú). Doublet of Lao and Lew.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈlju/ [ˈlju]
*** Rhymes: -u
*** Syllabification: Li‧u
** IPA: /ˈljow/ [ˈljoʊ̯] (Mandarin Pinyin-literate)
*** Rhymes: -ow
*** Syllabification: Liu

### Proper noun

Liu (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜌᜓ)
* a Chinese surname from Mandarin

### Anagrams

* uli

## Zhuang
### Etymology

From Mandarin 廖 (Liào).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /liu˨˦/
* Tone numbers: Liu$^1$
* Hyphenation: Liu

### Proper noun

Liu (1957–1982 spelling Liu)
* a surname
# ambukiza
## Swahili
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-ambukiza (infinitive kuambukiza)
* Causative form of -ambuka: to infect

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -ambukiza :
| Positive present | -naambukiza |
| Subjunctive | -ambukize |
| Negative | -ambukizi |
| Imperative singular | ambukiza |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kuambukiza |
| Negative | kutoambukiza |
Imperatives :
| Singular | ambukiza |
| Plural | ambukizeni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | huambukiza |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -liambukiza |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kuambukiza |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -taambukiza |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -taambukiza |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -siambukize |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngeambukiza |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singeambukiza |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngaliambukiza |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singaliambukiza |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -meambukiza |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshaambukiza |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jaambukiza |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kiambukiza |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipoambukiza |
| Consecutive | kaambukiza / positive subject concord + -kaambukiza |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaambukize |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Passive: -ambukizwa (“to get infected”)
* Nominal derivations:
** ambukizo (“infection”)
# daʼii-
## Navajo
### Prefix

daʼii-
* first-person plural perfective of ʼa-
# Arcos de Valdevez
## English
### Proper noun

Arcos de Valdevez
* A municipality of the district of Viana do Castelo, Portugal.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Literally, “arches of Valdevez (i.e. valley of the Vez river)”.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kuz d͡ʒi vaw.deˈve(j)s/ [ˈah.kuz d͡ʒi vaʊ̯.deˈve(ɪ̯)s]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kuz d͡ʒi vaw.deˈve(j)s/ [ˈah.kuz d͡ʒi vaʊ̯.deˈve(ɪ̯)s]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kuz d͡ʒi vaw.deˈve(j)s/ [ˈaɾ.kuz d͡ʒi vaʊ̯.deˈve(ɪ̯)s]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈaʁ.kuʒ d͡ʒi vaw.deˈve(j)ʃ/ [ˈaχ.kuʒ d͡ʒi vaʊ̯.deˈve(ɪ̯)ʃ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈaɻ.koz de vaw.deˈve(j)s/ [ˈaɻ.koz de vaʊ̯.deˈve(ɪ̯)s]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kuʒ dɨ val.dɨˈveʃ/ [ˈaɾ.kuʒ ðɨ vaɫ.dɨˈveʃ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kuʒ dɨ val.dɨˈveʃ/ [ˈaɾ.kuʒ ðɨ vaɫ.dɨˈveʃ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈaɾ.kuʒ dɨ bal.dɨˈbeʃ/ [ˈaɾ.kuʒ ðɨ βaɫ.dɨˈβeʃ]
* Audio (Portugal):(file)

### Proper noun

Arcos de Valdevez m pl
* A town and municipality of the district of Viana do Castelo, Portugal

#### Related terms

* arcuense
# pickaxe
## English
### Alternative forms

* pickax, pick-axe

### Etymology

Inherited from Middle English pykeaxe, pecaxe, pyke exe (“pickaxe”), an alteration (due to folk etymology association with pick and axe) of Middle English pikeyse, pikeys, pykois, from Anglo-Norman *pikeis, Old French picois, pecois, from Latin picōsa (“pickaxe”), from picca, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *pīk (“sharp point, pike”). Doublet of pique and pike.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈpɪkˌæks/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

pickaxe (plural pickaxes)
* A heavy iron tool with a wooden handle; one end of the head is pointed, the other has a chisel edge.

#### Translations
### Verb

pickaxe (third-person singular simple present pickaxes, present participle pickaxing, simple past and past participle pickaxed)
* To use a pickaxe.