# 天津
## Chinese

* 天津 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 天津 (Cantonese)
* 天津 (Classical)
* 天津 (Gan)
* Thiên-chîn (Hakka)
* Tiĕng-cĭng (Eastern Min)
* Thian-chin (Southern Min)
* 天津 (Wu)

### Etymology
#### Tianjin

    Disputed. The most common interpretation is that it was bestowed by the Yongle Emperor of the Ming, who crossed Tianjin's Gu River on his way south to overthrow his nephew the Jianwen Emperor, thereby calling it 天子津渡 (“The Emperor's Ford”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Tiānjīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tin$^1$ zeon$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Thiên-chîn
    (Hailu, HRS): tien$^ˋ$ zin$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tiên$^1$ jin$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Tiĕng-cĭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): teng$^1$ zing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Thian-chin / Thian-tin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiêng$^1$ zing$^1$ / tiang$^1$ zing$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$thi-cin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Tiānjīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Tianjin
*** Wade–Giles: Tʻien$^1$-chin$^1$
*** Yale: Tyān-jīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tianjin
*** Palladius: Тяньцзинь (Tjanʹczinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tin$^1$ zeon$^1$
*** Yale: tīn jēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tin$^1$ dzoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tin$^1$ zên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thiên-chîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: tien$^ˊ$ jin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tian$^1$ jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tien$^ˋ$ zin$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰien⁵³ t͡sin⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tiên$^1$ jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰiɛn⁴⁴ t͡sin⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Tiĕng-cĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰieŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒiŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: teng$^1$ zing$^1$ [Phonetic: teng$^5$ ning$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Teng-cing
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$niŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thian-chin
*** Tâi-lô: Thian-tsin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiencyn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thian-tin
*** Tâi-lô: Thian-tin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiendyn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ tin³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tiêng$^1$ zing$^1$ / tiang$^1$ zing$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thieng tsing / thiang tsing
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/, /tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siŋ³³/
* tiêng1 zing1 - Chaozhou;
* tiang1 zing1 - Shantou.
* Middle Chinese: then tsin
Rime :
| Character | 天 | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 他前切 | 將鄰切 |
| Baxter | then | tsin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰen/ | /t͡siɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰen/ | /t͡sin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɛn/ | /t͡sjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰɛn/ | /t͡sin/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰen/ | /t͡siĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰien/ | /t͡sĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰien/ | /t͡si̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tiān | jīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tin$^1$ | zan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤi[n]|l̥ˤi[n] [ts]i[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰl'iːn ʔslin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 天 | 天 | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tiān | xiān | jīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ then › | ‹ xen › | ‹ tsin › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-) | /*[ts]i[n]/ |
| English | heaven | heaven | ford (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 天 | 津 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 12387 | 6725 |
| Phonetic component | 天 | 津 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 天 | 津 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰl'iːn/ | /*ʔslin/ |

### Proper noun

天津
* (～市) Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)
* the Milky Way
* Short for 天津橋／天津桥.
* (Chinese astronomy) Celestial Ford (Galaxy's ferry, a bridge across the Milky Way; an asterism within the Girl constellation)
* (～社區) Tianjin (a community of Yiyuan, Jiang'an district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

#### Derived terms

* 天津冬菜 (Tiānjīn dōngcài)
* 天津四 (Tiānjīnsì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 天 | 津 |
| てん Grade: 1 | しん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Proper noun

天(てん)津(しん) • (Tenshin)
* Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)

#### Derived terms

* 天津飯

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 天 | 津 |

### Proper noun

天津 • (Cheonjin) (hangeul 천진)
* hanja form of 천진 (“Tianjin”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 天 | 津 |

### Proper noun

天津
* chữ Hán form of Thiên Tân (“Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)”).