# 懬

| 懬 | U+61EC, &#25068; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61EC |
| ← 懫 [U+61EB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 懭 → [U+61ED] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懬 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿中心 (ITLP) or 戈廿一心 (ITMP), composition ⿸廣心(GHTV) or ⿱廣心(JK))

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 407, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11408
* Dae Jaweon: page 748, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2366, character 9
* Unihan data for U+61EC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 僙 | *kʷaːŋ |
| 廣 | *kʷaːŋʔ |
| 鄺 | *kʷaːŋʔ, *qʰʷaːŋ |
| 懬 | *kʰʷaːŋʔ, *kʰaːŋʔ |
| 爌 | *kʰʷaːŋʔ, *kʰʷaːŋs, *qʰʷaːŋʔ |
| 曠 | *kʰʷaːŋs |
| 矌 | *kʰʷaːŋs |
| 壙 | *kʰʷaːŋs |
| 纊 | *kʰʷaːŋs |
| 黃 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 璜 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 潢 | *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷaːŋs |
| 簧 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 癀 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 鱑 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 獚 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 蟥 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 趪 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 櫎 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 擴 | *ɡʷlaːŋs, *kʰʷaːɡ |
| 瀇 | *qʷaːŋʔ |
| 獷 | *kʷaŋʔ, *kʷraːŋʔ |
| 觵 | *kʷraːŋ |
| 礦 | *kʷraːŋʔ |
| 鑛 | *kʷraːŋʔ |
| 穬 | *kʷraːŋʔ |
| 橫 | *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs, *kʷaːŋ |
| 黌 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 鐄 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 嚝 | *qʰʷraːŋ |
| 彉 | *kʷaːɡ, *qʰʷaːɡ |
| 彍 | *kʷaːɡ, *qʰʷaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷaːŋʔ, *kʰaːŋʔ): phonetic 廣 (OC *kʷaːŋʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuàng (kuang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuàng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuang$^4$
*** Yale: kwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuanq
*** Palladius: куан (kuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwong$^3$
*** Yale: kwong
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwong$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɔːŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: khangX, khwangX
Rime :
| Character | 懬 | 懬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 苦朗切 | 丘晃切 |
| Baxter | khangX | khwangX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰwɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰʷɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰuɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰaŋ$^X$/ | /kʰwaŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰuɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰuɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰɑŋ$^X$/ | /kʰwɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kǎng | kuǎng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hong$^2$ | fong$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaːŋʔ/, /*kʰaːŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懬 | 懬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5370 | 5372 |
| Phonetic component | 黄 | 黄 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 懬 | 慷 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰʷaːŋʔ/ | /*kʰaːŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

懬
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) broad; vast
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to resent; to loathe
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 曠 / 旷 (kuàng, “empty”)

### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: ひろい (hiroi, 懬い)、おおきい (ōkii, 懬きい)、むなしい (munashii, 懬しい)、つよい (tsuyoi, 懬い)