# جرم
## Arabic
### Verb

جَرَمَ • (jarama) I (non-past يَجْرِمُ (yajrimu), verbal noun جَرْم (jarm) or جَرِيمَة (jarīma))
* to commit crime, felony
* to incite
* to pick (fruit)
    جَرَمَ النَّخْلَ ― jarama an-naḵla ― He picked [fruits from] the date palms
    جَرَمَ الثَّمَرَ ― jarama aṯ-ṯamara ― He picked the fruits
* to pluck meat off a bone

#### Conjugation
### Verb

جَرَّمَ • (jarrama) II (non-past يُجَرِّمُ (yujarrimu), verbal noun تَجْرِيم (tajrīm))
* to criminalize, to make illegal
* to charge with a crime, to declare a criminal

#### Conjugation
### Noun

جُرْم • (jurm) m (plural أَجْرَام (ʔajrām) or جُرُوم (jurūm))
* crime, sin, wrongdoing
** a. 814, Abu Nuwas
    جَفَانِي بِلَا جُرْمٍ إِلَيْهِ ٱجْتَرَمْتُهُ / وَخَلَّفَنِي نِضْوًا خَلِيًّا مِنَ الصَّبْرِjafānī bilā jurmin ʔilayhi jtaramtuhu / waḵallafanī niḍwan ḵaliyyan mina ṣ-ṣabri(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* a thing that incites anger, aggravates, or instigates ill-will

#### See also

* لَا جَرَمَ (lā jarama, “without dubiousness, necessarily so”)

### Noun

جِرْم • (jirm) m (plural أَجْرَام (ʔajrām) or جُرُم (jurum) or جُرُوم (jurūm))
* body, mass, bulk, volume of a body
** 70-110 CE, Gospel of Matthew, Sharif Arabic Bible, 24:29:وَفِي ٱلْحَالِ، بَعْدَ ضِيقِ تِلْكَ ٱلْأَيَّامِ، تُظْلِمُ ٱلشَّمْسُ، وَٱلْقَمَرُ لَا يُضِيءُ، وَٱلنُّجُومُ تَسْقُطُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَاءِ، وَٱلْأَجْرَامُ ٱلسَّمَائِيَّةُ تَرْتَجُّ.wa-fi l-ḥāli, baʕda ḍīqi tilka l-ʔayyāmi, tuẓlimu š-šamsu, wa-l-qamaru lā yuḍīʔu, wa-n-nujūmu tasquṭu mina s-samāʔi, wa-l-ʔajrāmu s-samāʔiyyatu tartajju.the stars will fall from the sky and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.
** (Can we date this quote?), مهلهل بن ربيعة التغلبي, (Please provide the book title or journal name):وَلَقَدْ تَرَكْنا الخَيْلَ فِي عَرَصَاتِهَا كَالطَّيْرِ فَوْقَ مَعَالِمِ الأَجْرَامِ(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “229”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “412”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic جُرْم (jurm).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒuɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒʊɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒʊɾm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒʊɾm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒuɾm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒoɹm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒuɾm]

#### Noun

جُرْم • (jorm)
* crime; offense
    جرم و جنایت ― jorm o jenâyat ― (collective) crime
    نرخ جرم و جنایت ― narx-e jorm o jenâyat ― crime rate

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic جِرْم (jirm).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒiɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɪɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɪɾm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒɪɾm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒiɾm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒeɹm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒiɾm]

#### Noun

جِرْم • (jerm)
* mass

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جرم (jurm), from Arabic جُرْم (jurm).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d͡ʒʊɾm/

### Noun

جرم • (jaraim) m (formal plural جرائم, Hindi spelling जुर्म)
* crime; sin

### References

* “جرم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “جرم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.