OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# daphne
## English
### Etymology

From translingual Daphne, from Ancient Greek δάφνη (dáphnē, “laurel”).

### Noun

daphne (plural daphnes)
* Any one of least 50 species of shrub in the genus Daphne of the family Thymelaeaceae, some of which are grown as ornamentals.

#### Derived terms

* Chinese daphne (Daphne genkwa)
* February daphne (Daphne mezereum)
* flax-leaved daphne (Daphne gnidium)
* lilac daphne (Daphne genkwa)
* rose daphne (Daphne cneorum)
* winter daphne (Daphne odora)
* twin-flower daphne (Daphne pontica)

#### Translations
### References

* Daphne (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Daphne on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* “*daphne”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# vautro
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbautɾo/ [ˈbau̯.t̪ɾo]
* Rhymes: -autɾo
* Syllabification: vau‧tro

### Noun

vautro m (plural vautros)
* Baccharis concava
# dalyancıyı
## Turkish
### Noun

dalyancıyı
* definite accusative singular of dalyancı
# naalkaah
## Navajo
### Etymology

From the verb neiłkaah (“he/she is examining/studying/investigating it”), from root -KÁÁʼ, “to track”).

### Noun

naalkaah
* inspection of, examination of
* -logy, science of
    ániʼ dóó ntsékees naalkaah ― psychology
    béésh naalkaah ― metallurgy
    bílaʼashdlaʼii dóó áłʼąą dineʼé naalkaah ― anthropology
    chidí naatʼaʼí áłʼį́įgi naalkaah ― aeronautical engineering
    chʼil naalkaah ― botany
    chʼosh doo yitʼíinii naalkaah ― microbiology
    Diné Bizaad Naalkaah ― Navajo Language Academy
    naaldeehii naalkaah ― zoology
    nahasdzáán naalkaah ― geology
    naʼiiniʼ naalkaah ― economics
    saad naalkaah ― linguistics
    sǫʼ naalkaah ― astronomy
    táyiʼ naaldeehii naalkaah ― marine biology
    tłʼóoʼdi áhootʼéhii naalkaah ― atmospheric sciences
    tónteel naalkaah ― oceanography

#### Related terms

* naʼalkaah
* naalkaahgo
# ἄρκτος
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἄρκος (árkos)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”). Cognates include Latin ursus, Welsh arth, Sanskrit ऋक्ष (ṛ́kṣa), Old Armenian արջ (arǰ), and Albanian ari. The meaning of “north” derives from Ἄρκτος (Árktos, “Ursa Major”), because the constellation is in the northern part of the sky.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /árk.tos/ → /ˈark.tos/ → /ˈark.tos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /árk.tos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈark.tos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈark.tos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈark.tos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈark.tos/

### Noun

ᾰ̓́ρκτος • (ắrktos) f (genitive ᾰ̓́ρκτου); second declension
* bear
* the north

#### Coordinate terms

compass points:
| | ἄρκτος (árktos) Βορέας (Boréas) | |
| δύσις (dúsis) Ζέφυρος (Zéphuros) | | ἀνατολή (anatolḗ) Εὖρος (Eûros) |
| | μεσημβρία (mesēmbría) Νότος (Nótos) | |

#### Derived terms

* ἄρκῐον (árkĭon)
* ἀρκτικός (arktikós)
* Ἄρκτος (Árktos)

#### Descendants

* → English: Arcturus
* Greek: άρκτος (árktos), αρκούδα (arkoúda)
* → Latin: arctus, Arctos, Arctus, Arctūrus
* Pontic Greek: άρκος (árkos)
* Translingual: Ursus arctos, Ursus arctos horribilis

### References

* “ἄρκτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἄρκτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἄρκτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἄρκτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἄρκτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἄρκτος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* ἄρκτος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. arctic idem, page 38.arctus idem, page 38.bear idem, page 66.north idem, page 562.
# botol
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbo.tɔl]
* Hyphenation: bo‧tol

### Etymology 1

From Malay botol, from English bottle, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French boteille, from *Vulgar Latin botticula.

#### Noun

botol (plural botol-botol)
* bottle (container used for holding liquids)

##### Derived terms

* pembotolan
* botol anggur
* botol infus
* botol labu
* botol vakum

### Etymology 2

Blend of bodoh (“stupid”) +‎ tolol

#### Adjective

botol
* (slang) stupid, foolish, moronic

### Further reading

* “botol” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* بوتول

### Etymology

From English bottle, from Anglo-Norman, from Old French boteille, from *Vulgar Latin botticula.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /botol/
* Rhymes: -otol, -tol, -ol
* Audio (Malaysia):(file)

### Noun

botol (Jawi spelling بوتول, plural botol-botol, informal 1st possessive botolku, 2nd possessive botolmu, 3rd possessive botolnya)
* bottle (container used for holding liquids)
    Synonyms: butul, jebul

#### Descendants

* → Hokkien: 帽突 (bō-tu̍t), 瓿瓵 (bo̍t-toi)
* Indonesian: botol

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “بوتل bottol”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 63
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “بوتل botol”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 125
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “botol”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 154

### Further reading

* “botol” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English bottle.

### Noun

botol
* bottle
# ܨܬܪܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

Compare Arabic صَعْتَر (ṣaʕtar) and Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣaṯrâ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsˤɑθ.rɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [ˈsˤɑθ.re] (plural)

### Noun

ܨܬܪܐ • (ṣāṯrā) m (plural ܨܬܪܐ)
* (botany) savory; wild thyme

#### Inflection
### References

* “ṣtr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-10-28
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 305b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 485b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1305b
# ditegur
## Malay
### Etymology

Affixation of di- +‎ tegur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [di.tə.ɡo(r)]
* Hyphenation: di‧te‧gur

### Verb

ditegur (Jawi spelling دتݢور)
* Third-person passive of tegur.
# f'rever
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɹɛvə(ɹ)/

### Adverb

f'rever
* Contraction of forever.
** 1925, Porter Emerson Brown, “The Courtship of Miles Sheehan”, in Charles Donald Fox, editor, Il Conte by Joseph Conrad With Other Stories by Famous American Authors‎, New York, N.Y.: The Charles Renard Co., page 266:“… Say Captain Miles Sheehan tenders his compliments tuh Miss Angelina Brady an' desires tuh offer her his heart an' han' in th' holy bonds of matrimony f'rever an' f'rever till death doth them part. […]”
# Adebayo
## English
### Etymology

From Yoruba Adébáyọ̀.

### Proper noun

Adebayo (plural Adebayos)
* A male given name from Yoruba.
* A surname from Yoruba.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Adebayo is the 27164th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 891 individuals. Adebayo is most common among Black/African American (96.07%) individuals.
# ʻoia
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʔo̯i.a/, [ˈʔo̯i.jə]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

ʻoia
* truth

#### Verb

ʻoia
* (stative) to be true

##### Derived terms

* hōʻoia
* ʻoiaʻiʻo

### Etymology 2

From ʻo + ia.

#### Pronoun

ʻoia
* Alternative form of ʻo ia

## Tahitian
### Pronoun

ʻoia
* he, she, it.
# take umbrage
## English
### Verb

take umbrage (third-person singular simple present takes umbrage, present participle taking umbrage, simple past took umbrage, past participle taken umbrage)
* To take offense.
** 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter X:“She took umbrage?” “Yes, and she also took my head off. I don't know if you have ever been in a typhoon on the Indian Ocean.”
** 2025 February 11, Patrik Jonsson, “Trump, Musk want to curb FEMA. Its North Carolina response says volumes.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:Some lawmakers took umbrage.
# 庢

| 庢 | U+5EA2, &#24226; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EA2 |
| ← 庡 [U+5EA1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 庣 → [U+5EA3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

庢 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈一戈土 (IMIG), four-corner 0021$_4$, composition ⿸广至)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 345, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9307
* Dae Jaweon: page 655, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 882, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5EA2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 致 | *tiɡs |
| 輊 | *tiɡs |
| 駤 | *tiɡs |
| 跮 | *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ |
| 荎 | *di, *diːɡ |
| 緻 | *diɡs |
| 至 | *tjiɡs |
| 鵄 | *tʰji |
| 胵 | *tʰji |
| 痓 | *tʰjiɡs |
| 咥 | *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ |
| 窒 | *tiːɡ, *tiɡ |
| 蛭 | *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 垤 | *diːɡ |
| 耋 | *diːɡ |
| 姪 | *diːɡ, *diɡ |
| 絰 | *diːɡ |
| 恎 | *diːɡ |
| 挃 | *tiɡ |
| 庢 | *tiɡ |
| 銍 | *tiɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 秷 | *tiɡ |
| 螲 | *tiɡ |
| 侄 | *diɡ, *tjiɡ |
| 桎 | *tjiɡ |
| 郅 | *tjiɡ |
| 晊 | *tjiɡ |
| 室 | *hliɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tiɡ): semantic 广 + phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhì (zhi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zat$^6$ / zat$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^4$
*** Yale: jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zat$^6$ / zat$^1$
*** Yale: jaht / jāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzat$^9$ / dzat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zed$^6$ / zed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐt̚²/, /t͡sɐt̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: trit
Rime :
| Character | 庢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (49) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 陟栗切 |
| Baxter | trit |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈˠiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈᵚit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶiet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈjit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶjĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tiɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 庢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17360 |
| Phonetic component | 至 |
| Rime group | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 窒 |
| Old Chinese | /*tiɡ/ |

### Definitions

庢
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to hinder; to obstruct; to stop
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a winding section of a river

### Compounds

* 庢沓
* 盩庢 (Zhōuzhì)

### References

* “庢”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ちつ (chitsu)、ちち (chichi)、てい (tei)
* Kun: さへぎりとどめる (sahegiritodomeru, 庢める)
# ပုလင်း
## Burmese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Not given etymology by STEDT (pu⁵³ lĩ⁵⁵ "bottle"), and doesn't seem to be mentioned by Luce 1981. A loan from some local language, like Mon? Component syllables don't seem to contribute meaning to this word, suggesting as such. Could it be from the same Pali root as Chinese 玻璃 (bōli, “glass”)?”

### Pronunciation

* Phonetic respelling: ပ'လင်း
* IPA: /pəlɪ́ɴ/
* Romanization: MLCTS: pu.lang: • ALA-LC: pulaṅʻʺ • BGN/PCGN: pălin: • Okell: pălìñ

### Noun

ပုလင်း • (pu.lang:)
* glass bottle; glass jar; phial

#### Descendants

* → Shan: ပလႅင်း (pǎ léng)
* → Jingpho: paleng

### Further reading

* “ပုလင်း” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# ܩܒܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qabbɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [qabbe] (plural)

#### Noun

ܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܩܒܐ)
* enclosure, cage
* prison cell, solitary confinement
* fetters

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

From Arabic قُبَّة (qubba).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qabbɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [qabbe] (plural)

#### Noun

ܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܩܒܐ)
* (anatomy) womb, uterus

##### Inflection
### Etymology 3

From Hebrew קַב (qaḇ), possibly via Ancient Greek κάβος (kábos).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qabbɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [qabbe] (plural)

#### Noun

ܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܩܒܐ)
* cab (unit of measure)

##### Inflection
### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [q(ə)ve]

#### Adjective

ܩܒܐ • (transliteration needed)
* masculine absolute singular of ܩܒܝܐ
* masculine construct state singular of ܩܒܝܐ

### References

* “qb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 306a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 487a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1308b
# military exercise
## English
### Noun

military exercise (plural military exercises)
* A large-scale activity involving military forces from multiple countries or commands, designed to demonstrate the level of alliance between those forces and their ability to coordinate, as a signal to potential military adversaries.
** 2005, Chookiat Panaspornprasit, US-Kuwaiti Relations, 1961-1992: An Uneasy Relationship, page 136:Another major military exercise, codenamed Operation Intrinsic Action held in August 1992, involved the participation of 2400 US troops from the First Cavalry Division at Ford Hood, Texas and members of the Fifth Special Forces Group from Fort Campbell, Kentucky.
** 1997, David R. McCann, Korea Briefing: Toward Reunification, page 34:In the first months of 1993 the situation worsened as the United States and South Korea resumed their annual Team Spirit military exercise (canceled in 1992) and North Korea announced its intention to withdraw from the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA) Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.
** 1994, Raymond L. Garthoff, The Great Transition: American-Soviet Relations and the End of the Cold War, page 138:In early November the United States and its NATO allies carried out an unusually extensive and high-level military exercise, called Able Archer 83, testing the command and communications procedures for the release and use of nuclear weapons in case of war.

#### Synonyms

* training exercise
* war game
# fizjo-
## Polish
### Etymology

Derived from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi.zjɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -izjɔ
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Prefix

fizjo-
* physio-, nature
    ‎fizjo- + ‎geografia → ‎fizjogeografia
* physio-, physical
    ‎fizjo- + ‎terapia → ‎fizjoterapia

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* fizjo- in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ʻo ia
## Hawaiian
### Alternative forms

* ʻoia

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronoun

ʻo ia
* third person singular; he / she

#### Usage notes

* This pronoun does not specify gender.
# Phyllodactylus
## Translingual
### Etymology

From phyllo- (“leaf”, from Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon)) +‎ -dactylus (“finger, claw”, from Ancient Greek δᾰ́κτῠλος (dắktŭlos)).

### Proper noun

Phyllodactylus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Phyllodactylidae – American leaf-toed geckos.

#### Descendants

* → Chinese: 葉趾虎 / 叶趾虎 (yèzhǐhǔ) (calque)
* → English: leaf-toed gecko (calque)
* → Korean: 잎가락도마뱀붙이 (ipgarakdomabaembuchi) (calque)
* → Norwegian: bladfingergekko (calque)
* → Russian: листопалый геккон (listopalyj gekkon) (calque)

### See also

* Phyllodactylus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Phyllodactylus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Phyllodactylus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# -으우다
## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽ɨuta⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ɨuda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [으우다]

### Suffix

으우다 (-euuda)
* Sentence-final declarative suffix in the "deferential style" ᄒᆞᆸ서체 (hawpseoche) formal polite speech level.
    민호야, ᄒᆞᆫ저 들어오랑 느 성 좀 도왜주라! 경ᄒᆞᆫ디 오널 날이 막 ᄆᆞᆰ으우다양...Minho-ya, hawnjeo deureoorang neu seong jom dowaejura! Gyeonghawndi oneol nar-i mak mawlg-euuda-yang...Minho, come inside and help your brother! But the weather today is so clear...

#### Usage notes

으우다 (-euuda) falls under the "completed action" side of the traditional Jeju verb paradigm in that, outside of 으쿠다 (-eukuda), it should only be used after 언 (-eon), and should not refer to recurring or known events, for which 읍네다 (-eumneda) should be used instead.
* Compare:
    이 우와겐 ᄉᆞ미가 너미 질언 나신딘 너미 크우다.I uwagen sawmi-ga neomi jir-eon na-sindin neomi keu-uda.This dress shirt is too big for me because the sleeves are too long.
       General observation based on a current event, such as having just tried the shirt on.
    이 우와겐 ᄉᆞ미가 너미 질엉 나신딘 너미 큽네다.I uwagen sawmi-ga neomi jir-eong na-sindin neomi keum-neda.(I know) this dress shirt is too big for me because the sleeves are too long.
       Evidential statement, based on prior experience and recurring events.
으우다 (-euuda) has complex allomorphy when used with Jeju verbs and adjectives:
* 으우다 (-euuda) is used after adjective stems ending in a consonant other than ㄹ (l).
** 족다 (jokda, “to be small”) -> 족으우다 (jog-euuda, “it's small”)
* 우다 (-uda) is used after adjective stems ending in a vowel or ㄹ (l), and is used after the copula 이다 (-ida) and the ending 읔 (-euk-) (forming 으쿠다 (-eukuda). It can also be used after 엇 (-eot-) and 어ᇝ (-eom-).
** ᄈᆞ르다 (ppawreuda, “to be fast”) -> ᄈᆞ르우다 (ppawreu-uda, “it's fast”)
** 얼다 (eolda, “to be cold”) -> 어우다 (eo-uda, “it's cold”)
** 벗 (beot, “friend”) + 이다 (-ida, “to be”) -> 벗이우다 (beos-i-uda, “(they) are a friend”)
** ᄒᆞ다 (hawda, “to do”) + 읔 (-euk-) -> ᄒᆞ쿠다 (haw-k-uda, “(I) will do”)
* 이우다 (-iuda) is used after adjective stems ending in ㅅ (s), ㅈ (j), or ㅊ (ch).
** ᄃᆞᆺ다 (dawtda, “to be warm”) -> ᄃᆞᆺ이우다 (daws-iuda, “it's warm”)
* 수다 (-suda) is an alternative option possible after adjective stems ending in a consonant other than ㄹ (l), and is preferred after 엇 (-eot-) and 어ᇝ (-eom-).
** 좋다 (jota, “to be good”) -> 좋수다 (jo-suda, “it's good”)
** 먹다 (meokda, “to eat”) + 엇 (-eot-) -> 먹엇수다 (meog-eos-suda, “(I) ate”)
** 하다 (hada, “to be a lot”) + 아ᇝ (-am-) -> 하ᇝ수다 (ha-ms-suda, “it's becoming many”)
* 우다 (-uda) cannot be used after uninflected verbs. 어ᇝ (-eom-) must be used in tandem.
** 가다 (gada, “to go”) -> 가ᇝ수다 (gam-suda, “it's going”)

#### Derived terms

* 으우덴 (-euuden)
* 으우뎅 (-euudeng)
* 으쿠다 (-eukuda)

#### Related terms

* 우가 (-uga), 우강 (-ugang)
* 우과 (-ugwa), 우광 (-ugwang)

### References

* ↑ 송상조 [songsangjo] (2023) “으우다”, in 20세기 제주말 큰사전 [20segi jejumal keunsajeon], 한국문화사 [han'gungmunhwasa], →ISBN, page 1065
* ↑ Changyong Yang, Sejung Yang, William O'Grady (2020) “7: Sentence enders”, in Jejueo: The Language of Korea’s Jeju Island, Honolulu, USA: University of Hawai‘i Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →JSTOR, pages 218-221
# ܩܘܠܣܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

From the root ܩ ܠ ܣ related to praising, from Ancient Greek καλῶς (kalôs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [qullɑsɑ] (in the singular)
* IPA: [qullɑse] (in the plural)

### Noun

ܩܘܠܣܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܩܘܠܣܐ)
* praise, good report
* eulogy, panegyric
* (ecclesiastical) deacon's liturgical exclamation

#### Inflection
### References

* “qwls”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 320b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 404a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1329b
# роте
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrotʲe]

### Noun

ро́те • (róte) f inan
* dative/prepositional singular of ро́та (róta)
# affranchi
## English
### Etymology

From French affranchi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈfɹɒ̃ʃi/

### Noun

affranchi (plural affranchis)
* (historical) A freed (manumitted) black person in one of France's colonies, especially Haiti.
** 1983, JoAnn M. Jaffe, Structural monopoly and independent household production: stagnation in the agrarian economy of Haiti:The affranchis were identifiably mulatto and, as such, considered themselves superior to the mass of black slaves. They attempted to emulate whites and developed an ideology of race hatred […]
** 2010, Jennifer M. Spear, Race, Sex, and Social Order in Early New Orleans, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 66:The 1724 code's other statements on manumission aimed at preventing the growth of an affranchi population unable to support itself by insisting that owners continue to support those affranchis who were disabled or ill. Upon emancipation, both codes noirs declared that affranchis were to be granted "the same rights, privileges and immunities enjoyed by persons born free"; […]
** 2017, Terry Rey, The Priest and the Prophetess, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:By 1786 the population of the Parish of Léogâne —whose growth was fueled by the lucrative coffee and sugar industries—counted "1,064 whites, 1,520 affranchis, and 16,492 slaves".

#### Coordinate terms

* libre
* creole, bossale

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/
* Audio:(file)

### Participle

affranchi (feminine affranchie, masculine plural affranchis, feminine plural affranchies)
* past participle of affranchir

### Noun

affranchi m (plural affranchis, feminine affranchie)
* freedman (man who has been released from a condition of slavery)

#### Descendants

* → English: affranchi

### Further reading

* “affranchi”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Verb

affranchi
* inflection of affrancare:
** second-person singular present indicative
** first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# nerozlučný
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛrozlut͡ʃniː]
* Hyphenation: ne‧roz‧luč‧ný

### Adjective

nerozlučný (not comparable, adverb nerozlučně)
* inseparable
    Synonym: nerozlučitelný

#### Derived terms

* nerozlučnost f

### Further reading

* “nerozlučný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nerozlučný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nerozlučný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025