# 渴

| 渴 | U+6E34, &#28212; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E34 |
| ← 渳 [U+6E33] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 渵 → [U+6E35] |

## Translingual
### Han character

渴 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水日心女 (EAPV), four-corner 3612$_7$, composition ⿰氵曷)

#### Derived characters

* 䔽 𩅳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 635, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17788
* Dae Jaweon: page 1042, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1676, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6E34

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 渴 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰaːd, *ɡrad): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd); dry, exhausted (of water).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kě (ke$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hot$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hot
    (Hailu, HRS): hod
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hod$^5$ / hod$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): kák
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khoah / khat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guah$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$kheq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kě
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kě
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^3$
*** Yale: kě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kee
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hot$^3$
*** Yale: hot
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hot$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hod$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hot
*** Hakka Romanization System: hod$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hod$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /hot̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hod
*** Sinological IPA: /hot⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hod$^5$ / hod$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /hɔt̚¹/, /hɔt̚⁵/
* Meixian:
** hod6 - "tired".
* Middle Chinese: khat
Rime :
| Character | 渴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 苦曷切 |
| Baxter | khat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ke |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hot$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-[k]ʰˤat/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰaːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 渴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kě |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khat › |
| Old Chinese | /*Nə-[k]ʰˁat/ |
| English | thirsty |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 渴 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 5025 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 渴 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰaːd/ |
| Notes | 說文右加欠 |

#### Definitions

渴
* thirsty
    口渴 ― kǒukě ― thirsty
    渴望 ― kěwàng ― to thirst/to long for
* (dialectal Hakka) tired

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 口渴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 渴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 渴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 口渴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 渴 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 渴, 炕 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 口乾, 渴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 渴, 口乾 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 渴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 口渴, 口乾, 頸乾, 喉乾 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 嘴乾 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 渴, 口乾 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 頸渴 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 頸渴, 口渴 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 頸渴 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 頸渴, 渴 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 頸渴, 口渴 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 渴 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 肚渴, 渴 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 嘴渴 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 嘴渴 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 口渴 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 頸渴 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 頸渴 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 渴 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Changting | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 嘴恁燥, 嘴恁渴 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 口燥, 渴 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 口乾 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 乾 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 口乾 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嘴渴, 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嘴渴, 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 嘴渴, 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 嘴渴, 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 嘴渴, 肚渴 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 嘴渴 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 渴 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 頸渴 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 頸渴 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 嘴燥 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 渴 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 渴 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 喙焦 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 渴, 喙焦 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 喙焦, 喙渴 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 喙焦, 喙渴, 喙堅 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 喙渴 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 喙焦喉渴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 喙焦 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 喉焦 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 喉焦 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 喉焦 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 喉渴 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 喉焦 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 喉焦 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 渴 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 喙渴 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 渴, 喙渴 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘴乾 |
| Wu | Danyang | 口乾 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 渴, 口燥 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 口乾, 乾 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 口乾, 乾 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 疲倦, 疲乏, 疲累, 疲憊, 疲勞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 累, 乏 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 累 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 累 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 累 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 累, 乏 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 乏 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 乏, 累 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 乏 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 累 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 累 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 累, 痿 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 累 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 疚 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 疚 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 疚攰 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 疚攰 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 疓 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 疓 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 疚, 攰 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 疚, 攰 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 疚 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 疚 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 疚, 攰, 疓 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 疚, 攰 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 疚, 攰 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 疚算 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 累 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 疓, 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 疓 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 攰, 疓 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 攰, 累 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 攰 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 攰 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 累 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𤸁, 渴 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 渴 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 悿 Hetian, 渴 Xintian |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 悿 |
| Hakka | Changting | 累 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 累 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 累 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 累 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𤸁, 悿 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𤸁, 悿 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 悿 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 悿, 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 悿 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 悿 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 𤸁 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 𤺪 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 渴 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 渴 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃力 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 乏, 累 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 累 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 累, 軟 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 弱 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 𤺪, 厭 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 𤺪, 厭 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 𤺪, 厭 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 厭, 悿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 悿 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 悿, 懶 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 悿, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 乏, 累 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 乏, 𤺪 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 悿 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 𤺪, 累, 乏 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 乏 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乏 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 瞓 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃力, 衰瘏 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃力 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 吃力 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 着力, 吃力 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 㾯, 吃力 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 傫 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鶴累 |

#### Compounds

* 乾渴 / 干渴
* 口渴 (kǒukě)
* 叫渴
* 如飢似渴 / 如饥似渴 (rújīsìkě)
* 如饑似渴 / 如饥似渴
* 如饑如渴 / 如饥如渴
* 忍饑受渴 / 忍饥受渴
* 思渴
* 怒猊渴驥 / 怒猊渴骥
* 思賢如渴 / 思贤如渴
* 悶悶渴渴 / 闷闷渴渴
* 愛才若渴 / 爱才若渴
* 援溺振渴
* 望梅止渴 (wàngméizhǐkě)
* 望梅消渴
* 止渴 (zhǐkě)
* 止渴思梅
* 止渴飲鴆 / 止渴饮鸩
* 求才若渴
* 求賢如渴 / 求贤如渴
* 求賢若渴 / 求贤若渴
* 消渴
* 消渴症 (xiāokězhèng)
* 渴仰
* 渴待
* 渴念
* 渴想 (kěxiǎng)
* 渴愛 / 渴爱 (kě'ài)
* 渴慕 (kěmù)
* 渴懷 / 渴怀
* 渴望 (kěwàng)
* 渴欲
* 渴求 (kěqiú)
* 渴澤 / 渴泽
* 渴烏 / 渴乌
* 渴病 (kěbìng)
* 渴盼
* 渴睡
* 渴睡漢 / 渴睡汉
* 渴筆 / 渴笔
* 渴而穿井
* 渴葬
* 渴賞 / 渴赏
* 渴雨
* 渴飲飢餐 / 渴饮饥餐
* 渴驥奔泉 / 渴骥奔泉
* 焦渴 (jiāokě)
* 生津止渴
* 盜泉寧渴 / 盗泉宁渴
* 相如病渴
* 臨渴掘井 / 临渴掘井 (línkějuéjǐng)
* 臨渴穿井 / 临渴穿井
* 解渴 (jiěkě)
* 說梅止渴 / 说梅止渴
* 頸渴 / 颈渴
* 飢渴 / 饥渴 (jīkě)
* 飢渴交攻 / 饥渴交攻
* 飢渴交迫 / 饥渴交迫
* 飢餐渴飲 / 饥餐渴饮
* 飲鴆止渴 / 饮鸩止渴 (yǐnzhènzhǐkě)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: khát (渴)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jié (jie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kit$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jié
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jié
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$
*** Yale: jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kit$^3$
*** Yale: kit
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kit$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiːt̚³/
* Middle Chinese: gjet
Rime :
| Character | 渴 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 薛 (83) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠列切 |
| Baxter | gjet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | git$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrad/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 渴 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 5055 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 傑 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrad/ |
| Notes | 後通作竭 |

#### Definitions

渴
* (obsolete) Alternative form of 竭 (jié, “to use up; to exhaust; to cause to dry up”)

### References

* “渴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 渇 |
| Kyūjitai | 渴 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 渇)
* thirsty
* parched
* yearn
* pine

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かつ (katsu)、かち (kachi)、けつ (ketsu)、げち (gechi)、かい (kai)
* Kun: かわく (kawaku, 渴く)

## Korean
### Hanja

渴 (eumhun 목마를 갈 (mongmareul gal))
* hanja form of 갈 (“thirsty”)

#### Compounds

* 갈증 (渴症, galjeung, “thirst”)
* 갈망 (渴望, galmang, “a longing”)
* 갈애 (渴愛, garae, “craving”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

渴: Hán Nôm readings: khát, kiệt, hạt, khửa, khở, khưở, khữ, khỡ, khữa, khã
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.