# مرد
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

مَرَدَ • (marada) I (non-past يَمْرُدُ (yamrudu), verbal noun مَرَادَة (marāda) or مُرُودَة (murūda))
* to be bold
* to be rebellious
* to be accustomed [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘to something’]
* to suckle
* to disgrace (someone)

##### Related terms

* مِرِّيد (mirrīd, “a rebel or bold person”)
* مُرُود (murūd, “mutiny, rebellion”)
* مَارِد (mārid, “mutinous, rebel”)

#### Verb

مَرُدَ • (maruda) I (non-past يَمْرُدُ (yamrudu), verbal noun مُرُود (murūd) or مَرَادَة (marāda))
* to be rebellious [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘about something’]

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Form-II causative of مَرَدَ (marada, “to be constant”).

#### Verb

مَرَّدَ • (marrada) II (non-past يُمَرِّدُ (yumarridu), verbal noun تَمْرِيد (tamrīd)) (causative)
* to polish, to level

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Verb

مَرِدَ • (marida) I (non-past يَمْرَدُ (yamradu), verbal noun مَرَد (marad) or مُرْدَة (murda) or مُرُودَة (murūda))
* to be beardless
* to be callow or inexperienced

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 4

Unknown, possibly from a Middle Iranian cognate of Persian مورد (murd, “myrtle”). The “rebellion” senses of the root م ر د (m r d) may then be figurative after the tonic properties of the myrtle or the thermogenic, aphrodisiac and purgative effects of the toothbrush tree fruits.

#### Noun

مَرْد • (mard) m
* fruit of the toothbrush tree
    Synonyms: بَرِير (barīr), كَبَاث (kabāṯ), خَمْط (ḵamṭ)

## Baluchi
### Noun

مرد • (mard)
* man (male human)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian مرد (mard).

### Noun

مرد • (merd)
* man; a human male

### Adjective

مرد • (merd)
* man of his word
* valiant

#### Descendants

* Turkish: mert

## Pashto
### Noun

مرد • (mard) m
* man, male, person
* brave man, courageous man
* brave, noble and decent person, real man

### References

* Pashtoon, Zeeya A. (2009) “مرد”, in Pashto–English Dictionary, Hyattsville: Dunwoody Press

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mlt' /⁠mard⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (GBRA /⁠mard⁠/), from Old Persian 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 (martiya), from Proto-Iranian *mŕ̥tah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mŕ̥tas, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead, mortal”), from *mer- (“to die”); whence also مردن (mordan, “to die”), and مردم (mardom, “people”).
Cognates include Northern Kurdish mêr (“husband”), Northern Luri مێرںە (mırə, “husband”), Sanskrit मर्त (marta, “mortal, man”), Old Armenian մարդ (mard, “man”), Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós, “mortal”), and Latin mortuus (“dead”)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [maɾð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɹd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɹd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mäɹd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mäɹd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæɹd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäɹd̪]
* (dialectal, Khesht, Konartakhteh, Dashtestan) IPA: /meɾd/
* Audio (Iran):(file)
* Rhymes: -ard

#### Noun

مرد • (mard) (plural مردان (mardân) or مردها (mard-hâ))
* man (adult male human)
    یک مردِ جوان ― yek mard-e javan ― A young man
* (calque from English, in the vocative) used to address a man
    چطوری مرد؟! ― četowri mard?! ― How are doing you man?!
* a member of a team or group, usually in plural
    یوآخیم لو و مردانش برزیل را هفت بر یک شکست دادند.yu-âxim low û mardânaš berezil râ haft bar yek šekast dâdand.Joachim Löw and his men beat Brazil 7-1.

##### Derived terms

* بزرگ‌مرد (bozorg-mard)
* جوان‌مرد (javân-mard)
* جوان‌مردی (javân-mardi)
* رادمرد (râd-mard)
* شیرمرد (šir-mard)
* مردافکن (mard-afkan)
* مردانه (mardâne)
* مردانگی (mardânegi)
* مرداویج (mardâvij)
* مردسالار (mard-sâlâr)
* مردِ جنگی (mard-e-jangi)
* مردِ حسابی (mard-e-hesâbi)
* مردِ میدان (mard-e-meydân)
* نامرد (nâmard)
* نامردی (nâmardi)
* پیرمرد (pir-mard)
* گیله‌مرد (gile-mard)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mərd
* → Bengali: মরদ (morod)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मर्द (mard)
    Urdu: مرد (mard)
* → Ottoman Turkish: مرد (merd, mert)
** Turkish: mert
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਮਰਦ (marad)
    Shahmukhi script: مرد (mard)
* → Uyghur: مەرت (mert)
* → Uzbek: mard

##### See also

* زن (zan, “woman, wife”), پسر (pesar, “boy, son”), پدر (pedar, “father”), برادر (barâdar, “brother”), خواهر (xâhar, “sister”), دختر (doxtar, “daughter, girl”)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

مرد • (mord)
* past stem of مردن (mordan)

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 213

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مرد (mard).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /məɾd̪/
* Rhymes: -əɾd̪

### Noun

مَرْد • (mard) m (Hindi spelling मर्द)
* man