# نثر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.θa.ra/

#### Verb

نَثَرَ • (naṯara) I (non-past يَنْثُرُ (yanṯuru) or يَنْثِرُ (yanṯiru), verbal noun نَثْر (naṯr) or نِثَار (niṯār))
* to disperse, to dissipate, to scatter, to sprinkle, to ruffle, to fling

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /naθ.θa.ra/

#### Verb

نَثَّرَ • (naṯṯara) II (non-past يُنَثِّرُ (yunaṯṯiru), verbal noun تَنْثِير (tanṯīr))
* to disperse, to dissipate, to scatter

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /naθr/

#### Noun

نَثْر • (naṯr) m
* verbal noun of نَثَرَ (naṯara) (form I)
* prose
    Antonyms: شِعْر (šiʕr), نَظْم (naẓm)

##### Derived terms

* نَثْرِيّ (naṯriyy, “prosal, prosaic”)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: nəsr
* → Ottoman Turkish: نثر (nesr)
** Turkish: nesir
* → Pashto: نثر (nasr)
* → Persian: نثر (nasr)
* → Punjabi:
** Shahmukhi script: نَثْر (nas̱r)
** Gurmukhi script: ਨਸਰ (nasar)
* → Sindhi: نثر
* → Swahili: nathari
* → Urdu: نثر (nasr)
* → Uzbek: nasr

### Etymology 4
#### Verb

نَثُرْ • (naṯur) (form I) /na.θur/
* first-person plural non-past active jussive of ثَارَ (ṯāra)

### Etymology 5
#### Verb

نثر (form IV)
* نُثِرْ (nuṯir) /nu.θir/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of أَثَارَ (ʔaṯāra)
* نُثَرْ (nuṯar) /nu.θar/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of أَثَارَ (ʔaṯāra)

### References

* Freytag, Georg (1837) “نثر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 238–239
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “نثر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1247

## Azerbaijani
### Noun

نثر
* Arabic spelling of nəsr

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Noun

نثر • (nesr, vulg. nesir)
* prose

#### Descendants

* Turkish: nesir

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نثر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2071

## Pashto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Noun

نَثْر • (nasr) m
* prose

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [nasɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näsɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näsɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [näsɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [näsɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [næsɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [näsɾ]

### Noun

نثر • (nasr)
* prose
    Coordinate term: شعر (še'r, “verse”)
    تبدیل نظم به نثر ― tabdil-e nazm be nasr ― conversion of verse to prose
** early 1000s, ʿUnṣurī, “Qaṣīda 7”, in دیوان عنصری‎:کمتر از نثر باشد آن نظمی که بر او مدح میر زیور نیستkamtar az nasr bāšad ān nazmē ki bar ō madh-i mīr zēwar nēstWorse than prose is the verse Which is not adorned with praise for the prince.(Classical Persian romanization)
** c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:تا سواران نظم و نثر در میدان بلاغت درآیند و جولانهای غریب نمایند، چنانکه پیشینگان‌ را دست در خاک مالند […]tā sawārān-i nazm u nasr dar maydān-i balāğat dar-āyand u jawalān-hā ğarīb namāyand, čunānki pēšēnagān rā dast dar xāk māland […] (please add an English translation of this quotation)(Classical Persian transliteration)

#### Related terms

* منثور (mansur, “written in prose”)

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “نثر”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Noun

نَثْر • (nas̱r) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਨਸਰ)
* prose

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Noun

نَثَُرُ • (nasauru) ? (Devanagari नसौरु)
* prose

### Further reading

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “نَثَُرُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* “نثر”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَثْر (naṯr).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /nəsɾ/

### Noun

نثر • (nasr) f (Hindi spelling नस्र)
* prose