# քացախ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* dialectal forms recorded in dialectological notation
** քացախ (kʻacʻax) — Alashkert, Akhaltsikhe, Goris, Ararat, Aslanbeg, Ararat, Kharberd, Erzurum, Hamshen, Karabakh, Mush, Nor Nakhichevan, Shamakhi, Constantinople, New Julfa, Sivas, Salmas, Suceava, Tbilisi
** ք$^յ$ացախ (kʻ$^y$acʻax) — Moks, Van
** քացօխ (kʻacʻōx) — Haçin
** ք$^յ$ա̈ցցո̈ւխ (kʻ$^y$äcʻcʻüx) — Svedia

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian քացախ (kʻacʻax).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kʰɑˈt͡sʰɑχ/, [kʰɑt͡sʰɑ́χ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑˈt͡sɑχ/, [kʰɑt͡sʰɑ́χ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Audio (Western Armenian):(file)

### Noun

քացախ • (kʻacʻax)
* vinegar

#### Derived terms

* քացախահոտ (kʻacʻaxahot)
* քացախամայր (kʻacʻaxamayr)
* քացախաման (kʻacʻaxaman)
* քացախաջուր (kʻacʻaxaǰur)
* քացխաման (kʻacʻxaman)
* քացխային (kʻacʻxayin)
* քացխան (kʻacʻxan)
* քացխուն (kʻacʻxun)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “քացախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

The origin is uncertain. Closely related with Georgian კაწახი (ḳac̣axi), კოწახი (ḳoc̣axi, “sour, unripe”). Has also been linked with Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven”), Latin caseus (“cheese”).

### Noun

քացախ • (kʻacʻax)
* vinegar
** 5th century, Agatʻangełos, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of the Armenians] 106:Ես ետ հրաման բերել աղ եւ բորակ եւ բարկ քացախ, եւ ընկենուլ զնա յորսայս, եւ դնել փող եղեգան ի քիթս նորա, եւ արկանել զայն ընդ քիթս նորա։Es et hraman berel ał ew borak ew bark kʻacʻax, ew ənkenul zna yorsays, ew dnel pʻoł ełegan i kʻitʻs nora, ew arkanel zayn ənd kʻitʻs nora.Translation by R. W. ThomsonAnd he ordered salt and borax and rough vinegar to be brought, and for him to be turned on his back, his head to be placed in a carpenter's vice, and a reed tube to be put in his nose, and this liquid to be poured down his nose.

#### Declension

the instrumental singular and the genitive/dative/instrumental plural are not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension

#### Derived terms

* քացախագոյն (kʻacʻaxagoyn)
* քացախաթան (kʻacʻaxatʻan)
* քացախեմ (kʻacʻaxem)
* քացախեցուցանեմ (kʻacʻaxecʻucʻanem)
* քացախոց (kʻacʻaxocʻ)
* քացախութիւն (kʻacʻaxutʻiwn)
* քացախուտ (kʻacʻaxut)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: քացախ (kʻacʻax)

### References

* ↑ Thomson, R. W. (1976) Agathangelos, History of the Armenians‎, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pages 120–121

### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քացախ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քացախ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “քացախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “k‘ac‘ax”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 659
* Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 87