# hors
## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Danish hors, Old Norse hross n, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą, cognate with English horse, German Ross n.

### Pronunciation

IPA: [ˈhɒːs]

### Noun

hors n (singular definite horset, plural indefinite hors)
* (archaic, poetic, dialect) horse, mare
** 1906 Johs. V. Jensen, Digte, 20
    Christofer Columbus fra han var Dreng \ befandt sig bedst \ paa det blaa Hors med den hvide Man “Since he was a boy, Christopher Columbus \ was at his best \ on the blue horse with the white mane”

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch hors, from Old Dutch hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą. Doublet of ros.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɔrs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hors
* Rhymes: -ɔrs

### Noun

hors n (plural horsen, diminutive horsje n)
* (rare, dialectal, now mostly found in names) horse
** 1558, Gaathije Pietersz, "Inventaris, gemaeckt den IV$^{en}$ Januarii anno XV$^C$ acht ende vijftich", in Anne Hallema, "Nogmaals een drietal inventarissen van Franeker burgers en boeren kort na 1550", Bijdragen en Mededeelingen van het Historisch Genootschap, Vol. 49, 1928, 286.
    Een coopbrief ende quitantie, gepasseert by Fopke Wopkezn. ende Hessel Thomaszn., als mombers tot Jacob Pieterszoons weesen, aen Jan Jacobszn. ende Anne Jans dochter, vanden huijsinge te Syaerda, mit hecken, heckpalen, van noch vijftien koeijen, twee rieren, een os, twee horsen ende andere dieren, alles gecoft ende betaelt voer vier hundert ende anderhalf gouden guldens, sijnde in date den XXI$^{en}$ Novembris anno 1549;
** 1897, Guido Gezelle, “Twee horsen”, in Rijmsnoer om en om het jaar:Ze stappen hun’ bellen al klinken, / de vrome twee horsen te gaar;(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1942, Cor Bruijn, Een gave van God, Uitgeverij Ploegsma, section 16:Het hors zet aan, Gossen valt terug op zijn zitplaats.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2009, Henk Gras, ‘Een stad waar men zich koninklijk kan vervelen?’ De modernisering van de theatrale vermakelijkheden buiten de schouwburg in Rotterdam, circa 1770-1860, Uitgeverij Verloren, 218, quoting Scaramouche, Scaramouche en zijne Vrienden op de Rotterdamsche Kermis, 1815, 15 & 16.
    Een zekere BERG bragt een lomp stuk HOUT voort; dit hout vormde zich tot allerlei gedaantes, en bekwam die eindelijk van Palvenier, nu beklom hij den Bok en achtte zich gelukkig de horsen van anderen voorttezwepen; dan zijne onrustige geaartheid deed hem van den bok tuimelen;(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Synonyms

* paard
* ros

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse hors, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).

### Noun

hors n (genitive singular hors, plural hors)
* (poetic) a horse
* (archaic) a fool

#### Declension
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French fors, from Old French fors, from Latin forīs, or more likely derived from dehors (in Middle and Old French defors).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔʁ/
* Audio; “hors de”:(file)

### Preposition

hors
* (obsolete except in set phrases) outside
    hors la ville ― outside the city

#### Usage notes

* Mostly displaced by hors de and en dehors de.

#### Derived terms

* hors catégorie
* hors compétition
* hors concours
* hors contexte
* hors contrat
* hors ligne
* hors mariage
* hors norme
* hors pair
* hors saison
* hors service
* hors sujet
* hors taxes
* hors TVA
* hors-bord
* hors-jeu
* hors-la-loi
* hors-ligne
* hors-sol

#### Related terms

* dehors

### Further reading

* “hors”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Gothic
### Romanization

hōrs
* Romanization of 𐌷𐍉𐍂𐍃

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).

#### Alternative forms

* horse, horsse, horce, ors

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɔrs/

#### Noun

hors (plural hors or horsen or horses)
* a horse (especially male and fully-grown)
** c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 36, recto, lines 2177-2179; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne‎, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 74:þan haſtely hiȝed eche wiȝt · on hoꝛſe ⁊ on fote / huntyng wiȝt houndes · alle heie wodes / til þei neyȝyed ſo neiȝh · to nymphe þe ſoþeThen each man went quickly, hunting with hounds amongst tall trees, on horse and on foot, until he came close enough to notice the truth.
** c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎, published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþeAnd lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.
* (rare) A horseman; a mounted soldier.
* (rare) A means of transport (like a horse)

##### Related terms

* hors her
* horsbak
* horscomb
* horsen
* horshelne
* horsman
* horsmynte
* horsscho
* horstaile

##### Descendants

* English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)
* Scots: horse, hors

##### References

* “hors, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-19.

### Etymology 2

From Old English *hārs, variant of hās.

#### Adjective

hors
* Alternative form of hos

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French fors, hors, from Latin foris, or back-derived from dehors, from Late Latin dē forīs.

### Adverb

hors
* (Guernsey, Jersey) out

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse hors, metathesis of hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą. Akin to English horse.

### Noun

hors n (definite singular horset, indefinite plural hors, definite plural horsa)
* a mare
* a female foal
    Synonym: fylje
* (derogatory) a frivolous woman

#### Derived terms

* horse

### References

* “hors” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xors/, [horˠs]

### Noun

hors n
* horse

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Synonyms

* blanca
* eoh (poetic)
* mearh
* stott (inferior quality horse)
* wiċġ (poetic)

#### Hyponyms

* colt (“colt”)
* fola (“foal”)
* henġest (“stallion”)
* mīere (“mare”)
* stōd (“stud”)

#### Derived terms

* horscamb (“horsecomb”)
* horshierde (“groom”)
* horselene (“elecampane”)
* horshwæl (“walrus”)
* horsminte (“horsemint”)

#### Descendants

* Middle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors
** English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: horse, hors

## Old French
### Etymology

Derived from dehors, defors. See fors.

### Adverb

hors
* (rare or Late Old French) from; out (of)
** c. 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Perceval ou le conte du Graal:Puis errerent tant que il virent gent qui hors del chastel issirent.They walked until they saw People coming out of the castle.

#### Synonyms

* fors

#### Descendants

* French: hors
* Norman: hors

## Old Frisian
### Alternative forms

* hars, hers, ros

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hursą, *hrussą.

### Noun

hors n
* horse

#### Descendants

* North Frisian: hors
* ⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)
* West Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)

## Old Norse
### Noun

hors n
* Alternative form of hross

#### Declension

* Icelandic: hors
* Faroese: hors
* Norwegian Nynorsk: hors
* Norwegian Bokmål: hors
* Danish: hors

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hors”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English horse.

### Noun

hors m (Cyrillic spelling хорс)
* (slang) heroin

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Noun

hors
* indefinite genitive singular of hor