# charm
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: chäm, IPA: /tʃɑːm/
* (General American) enPR: chärm, IPA: /t͡ʃɑɹm/
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)m

### Etymology 1

From Middle English charme, from Old French charme (“chant, magic spell”), from Latin carmen (“song, incantation”).

#### Alternative forms

* charme (obsolete)

#### Noun

charm (countable and uncountable, plural charms)
* An object, act or words believed to have magic power (usually carries a positive connotation).
    Synonyms: incantation, spell, talisman
    a charm against evil
    It works like a charm.
* (often in the plural) The ability to persuade, delight or arouse admiration.
    Synonyms: appeal, attraction, charisma
    Antonyms: boredom, dryness
    He had great personal charm.
    She tried to win him over with her charms.
** 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:[…] the charm of Beauties powerful glance.
** 1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act I, page 1:Muſick has Charms to ſooth a ſavage Breaſt, To ſoften Rocks, or bend a knotted Oak.
** 1714, Alexander Pope, “The Rape of the Lock”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC, canto V, page 160:Charms ſtrike the ſight, but merit wins the ſoul.
** 1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page 15:Her coyneſs was conquered by aſſiduity, and at laſt ſhe conſented to reſign the treaſure of her charms to my paſſion.
* A small trinket on a bracelet or chain, etc., traditionally supposed to confer luck upon the wearer.
    Synonyms: amulet, dangle, ornament
    She wears a charm bracelet on her wrist.
* The collective noun for a group of goldfinches.
    Synonym: flock
* (particle physics) A quantum number of hadrons determined by the number of charm quarks and antiquarks.
    Coordinate term: strangeness
** 1975 July 31, Sandra Blakeslee, “Another Particle Believed Discovered”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:In trying to understand the long life of the psi particle, physicists postulated the notion of “charm.” Charm, they say, prevents the “easy” decay of particles and thus prolongs their lifetimes. U particles, Dr. Pert said, may carry the property of charm.
** 2020, James E. Dodd, Ben Gripaios, The Ideas of Particle Physics, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 173:Mesons which combine the charmed quark with the up or down antiquarks are denoted the D mesons. These mesons carry explicit charm (i.e. have a non-zero charm quantum number), just as the K mesons carry strangeness.
* (finance) A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the instantaneous rate of change of delta with respect to time.
    Synonyms: delta decay, DdeltaDtime
    Hypernym: Greeks
* (graphical user interface, Microsoft Windows) An icon providing quick access to a command or setting.
** 2012, J. Peter Bruzzese, Using Windows 8:Undoubtedly one of the most important pieces to navigating Windows 8, charms are actually not visible until a command to show them is given.

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Verb

charm (third-person singular simple present charms, present participle charming, simple past and past participle charmed)
* To seduce, persuade or fascinate someone or something.
    Synonyms: delight, enchant, enamor, entrance
    He charmed her with his dashing tales of his days as a sailor.
** 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:[…] they, on thir mirth & dance / Intent, with jocond Muſic charm his ear;
** 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 58:The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track. The three returned wondering and charmed with Mrs. Cooke; they were sure she had had no hand in the furnishing of that atrocious house.
* (transitive) To use a magical charm upon; to subdue, control, or summon by incantation or supernatural influence; to ensorcel or exert a magical effect on.
    Synonyms: bewitch, enchant, ensorcel, enspell
    After winning three games while wearing the chain, Dan began to think it had been charmed.
** 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 389, column 2:Nor no witch-craft charme thee.
* To protect with, or make invulnerable by, spells, charms, or supernatural influences.
    She led a charmed life.
** 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], page 393, column 1:I, in mine owne woe charm’d, / Could not finde death, […]
* (obsolete, rare) To make music upon.
** 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “October. Ægloga Decima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC, folio 42, recto:But ah my corage cooles ere it be warme, / For thy, content vs in thys humble ſhade: / Where no ſuch troublous tydes han vs aſſayde, / Here we our ſlender pipes may ſafely charme.
* To subdue or overcome by some secret power, or by that which gives pleasure; to allay; to soothe.
** 1687 (date written), Alexander Pope, “Ode for Musick on St. Cecilia’s Day”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], →OCLC, canto VII, page 378:Music the fierceſt griefs can charm, / And fate's ſevereſt rage diſarm: […]

##### Translations
#### Derived terms

* anticharm
* anti-charm quark
* becharm
* charmable
* charm bracelet
* charmer
* charmfest
* charmful
* charming
* charmless
* charmlet
* charmlike
* charm offensive
* charmonium
* charm pricing
* charm school
* charmstone
* charm the birds from the trees, …out of…, charm a bird off a branch
* charm up
* charmwork
* countercharm
* decharm
* discharm
* encharm
* exocharmic
* like a charm
* lucky charm
* outcharm
* scharm, scharm squark
* third time's a charm, …is the…, …’s the…, three times a charm
* uncharm
* watch charm

### Etymology 2

Synchronically a variant of chirm, but reflects Middle English charme (or unattested *charm), from Old English ċearm (“cry, alarm”), from Proto-West Germanic *karm, masculine variant of *karmi f, from Proto-Germanic *karmiz, *karm(j)az (“cry, lament, calling sound”). Near-doublet of chirm, which is from the feminine counterpart.

#### Alternative forms

* jarm (dialectal)

#### Noun

charm (plural charms)
* The mixed sound of many voices, especially of birds or children.
** 1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “The Teares of the Muses”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:[…] Free libertie to chaunt our charmes at will: […]
** 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:Sweet is the breath of morn, her riſing ſweet, With charm of earlieſt Birds;
** 1955, William Golding, The Inheritors, Faber and Faber, published 2005, page 152:The laughter rose like the charm of starlings.
* A flock, group (especially of finches).
** 2018, Holly Ringland, The Lost Flowers of Alice Hart:A charm of finches flew overhead, singing into the vivid afternoon sky.

### Further reading

* charm (quantum number) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* charm quark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* March, march

## Chinese
### Etymology

From English charming.

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): caam$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caam$^1$
*** Yale: chāam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵/

### Adjective

charm
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) charming

## Danish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English charm.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɕɑːm]

#### Noun

charm c (singular definite charmen, plural indefinite charms)
* charm (jewelry)

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

See charme (“to charm”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɕɑˀm]

#### Verb

charm
* imperative of charme

## Palauan
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

charm
* animal

### References

* charm in Palauan Language Online: Palauan-English Dictionary, at tekinged.com.
* charm in Palauan-English Dictionary, at trussel2.com.
* charm in Lewis S. Josephs, Edwin G. McManus, Masa-aki Emesiochel (1977) Palauan-English Dictionary, University Press of Hawaii, →ISBN, page 35.

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɧarm/

### Noun

charm c
* charm; the ability to persuade, delight, or arouse admiration

#### Related terms

* charma
* charmant
* charmera
* charmig
* charmerande
* charmör

### References

* charm in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* charm in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* charm in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)