# سوط
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sawtˤ/

### Etymology 1

Apparently via Aramaic שׁוֹטָא (šōṭā) / ܫܱܘܛܳܐ (šawṭā, “whip”) from Old Georgian შოლტი (šolṭi, “whip”).

#### Noun

سَوْط • (sawṭ) m (plural أَسْوَاط (ʔaswāṭ) or سِيَاط (siyāṭ))
* verbal noun of سَاطَ (sāṭa)
* whip, scourge, switch
* (figuratively) any punishment
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 89:13:فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍfaṣabba ʕalayhim rabbuka sawṭa ʕaḏābinTherefore thy Lord poured on them the disaster of His punishment.
* (biology) flagellum
* (astronomy) an astronomical measure of approximately 4.5 degrees

##### Derived terms

* سَاطَ (sāṭa)
* سَيَّطَ (sayyaṭa), سَوَّطَ (sawwaṭa)
* تَسَيَّطَ (tasayyaṭa), تَسَوَّطَ (tasawwaṭa)
* مِسْوَط (miswaṭ)
* مِسْوَاط (miswāṭ)

##### Descendants

* Maltese: sawt
* → Amharic: ሰውጥ (säwṭ)
* → Catalan: assot
* → Galician: azoute
* → Ge'ez: ሰውጥ (säwṭ), ሠውጥ (śäwṭ)
* → Ottoman Turkish: سوط (savt)
** → Turkish: savt
* → Portuguese: açoite, (earlier) açoute
* → Sicilian: zotta
* → Spanish: azote

### Etymology 2

A native root. Some occurrences of Biblical Hebrew שׁוֹט (šōṭ) are understood as “spate”, whose sense seems to have influenced the Arabic sense of “a punishment” otherwise belonging to the “whip” noun, as in the Qurʾān place above God صَبَّ (ṣabba) it, that is “poured” or “dispensed“ punishment like liquid, although Jakob Barth considered all the Arabic words and senses on this page natively developed from سَطَا (saṭā, “to throw oneself upon someone or something with impetuosity; to be restive; to march with large steps; to be found in abundance (said of water)”).

#### Noun

سَوْط • (sawṭ) m
* water that bides in a pool or puddle or the place where there is such water
* someone's deal, a designated deal

##### Declension
#### Verb

سَوَّطَ • (sawwaṭa) II (non-past يُسَوِّطُ (yusawwiṭu), verbal noun تَسْوِيط (taswīṭ))
* to commix the liquids by stirring

##### Derived terms

* اِسْتَوَطَ (istawaṭa, “to be or become mixed or stirred”)
* سَوِيط (sawīṭ, “stirred”)
* سَوَيْطَاء (sawayṭāʔ, “a soup with much onions and chickpeas”)
* مِسْوَط (miswaṭ, “an implement to mix”)
* مِسْوَاط (miswāṭ, “an implement to mix”)

### Further reading

* Barth, Jakob (1893) Etymologische Studien zum semitischen insbesondere zum hebräischen Lexicon (in German), Berlin: H. Itzkowski, page 14
* Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 672
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “سوط”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 375b–376a
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “سوط”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1466–1467
* Марр, Н. Я. (1910) “Надпись Епифания, католикоса Грузии (Из раскопок в Ани 1910 г.) [The inscription of Epiphanius, the catholicos of Georgia (From excavations of Ani in 1910)]”, in Известия Императорской Академии наук‎ (in Russian), volume XIV, Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 1436 of 1433–1442

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic سَوْط (sawṭ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /soːtˤ/, [so̞ːtˤ]

### Noun

سوط • (sōṭ) m (plural أسواط (ʔaswāṭ))
* whip

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَوْط (sawṭ, “whip, scourge”), perhaps from Old Georgian შოლტი (šolṭi, “whip”), via Aramaic שׁוֹטָא (šōṭā, “whip”).

### Noun

سوط • (savt) (definite accusative سوطی (savtı), plural سیاط (siyât) or اسواط (esvât))
* whip, lash, a pliant, flexible instrument used to direct and herd animals, or to strike a person as a punishment
    Synonyms: تازیانه (taziyane), قامچی (kamçı), قرباچ (kırbaç)
* riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse
    Synonym: قرباچ (kırbaç)
* lash, a stroke with a whip, scourge, switch, or any other pliant and tough weapon, often given as a punishment
    Synonym: جلده (celde)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: savt

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “savt2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4095
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “savt”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1106
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Flagellum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 587
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سوط”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2711
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سوط”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1092