# 湯湯
## Chinese
### Etymology 1

Iterative or intensive derivation from 揚 (OC *laŋ, “to rise”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shāngshāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄤ ㄕㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^1$ soeng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shāngshāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄤ ㄕㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shangshang
*** Wade–Giles: shang$^1$-shang$^1$
*** Yale: shāng-shāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shangshang
*** Palladius: шаншан (šanšan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^1$ soeng$^1$
*** Yale: sēung sēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^1$ soeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^1$ sêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: syang syang
Rime :
| Character | 湯 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式羊切 |
| Baxter | syang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭaŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥aŋ l̥aŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ hljaŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 湯 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shāng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syang › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥aŋ/ |
| English | amply-flowing |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湯 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 14585 |
| Phonetic component | 昜 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 商 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljaŋ/ |

#### Adjective

湯湯
* (literary, ideophonic, of water) grand; grandiose; torrential

##### Derived terms

* 峨峨湯湯 / 峨峨汤汤
* 沸沸湯湯 / 沸沸汤汤
* 浩浩湯湯 / 浩浩汤汤 (hàohàoshāngshāng)
* 湯湯蕩蕩 / 汤汤荡荡

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tàngtàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˋ ㄊㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tong$^3$ tong$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tàngtàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˋ ㄊㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tàngtàng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻang$^4$-tʻang$^4$
*** Yale: tàng-tàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tanqtanq
*** Palladius: тантан (tantan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tong$^3$ tong$^3$
*** Yale: tong tong
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tong$^3$ tong$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tong$^3$ tong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːŋ³³ tʰɔːŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: thangH thangH
Rime :
| Character | 湯 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他浪切 |
| Baxter | thangH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tong$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːŋs l̥ʰaːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湯 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 14560 |
| Phonetic component | 昜 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 儻 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰaːŋs/ |
| Notes | 後作燙 |

#### Adjective

湯湯
* (literary) turbulent

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tāngtāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤ ㄊㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tong$^1$ tong$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tāngtāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄤ ㄊㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tangtang
*** Wade–Giles: tʻang$^1$-tʻang$^1$
*** Yale: tāng-tāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tangtang
*** Palladius: тантан (tantan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tong$^1$ tong$^1$
*** Yale: tōng tōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tong$^1$ tong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tong$^1$ tong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/

##### Noun

湯湯
* (childish, endearing) soup
    飲湯湯／饮汤汤 [Cantonese] ― jam$^2$ tong$^1$ tong$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to drink soup
    From: 2018 May 12, Apple Daily
    can$^4$ hou$^4$ wai$^3$ can$^4$ jan$^1$ mei$^5$ jam$^2$ tong$^1$ tong$^1$, gam$^2$ koi$^3$ mou$^5$ saai$^3$ social life [Jyutping]
    Moses Chan feeds Aimee Chan soup, sighs with regret for not having a social life

#### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thong-thong / long-long / thng-thng
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thong-thong
*** Tâi-lô: thong-thong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tongtofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: long-long
*** Tâi-lô: long-long
*** Phofsit Daibuun: longlofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thng-thng
*** Tâi-lô: thng-thng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tngt'ngf
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

##### Adjective

湯湯
* (Southern Min) watery
    飲湯湯／饮汤汤 [Hokkien] ― ám-thong-thong [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― very watery

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 湯 | 湯 |
| とう Grade: 3 | とう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 湯湯 – see the following entry. :
| 【蕩蕩とうとう】 | [adjective] (uncommon, literary) spacious, grandiose [adjective] (uncommon, literary) level and peaceful [adjective] (uncommon, literary) gushing, surging, rushing [adjective] (uncommon, literary) gentle [adjective] (uncommon, literary) disordered, unconstrained |
(This term, 湯湯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :