# lew
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /luː/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (dated) IPA: /ljuː/

### Etymology 1

From corruption of French louis, from Louis, presumably Louis IX or Louis XI, who issued gold écus.

#### Noun

lew (plural lews or lewis or leois)
* (Scotland, obsolete) A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland.
** 1467, Scottish Acts of James III, Vol. II, p. 88:
    ...þe Ingliss noble, henry, ande Eduarde w$^t$ þe ross, þe franche crowne, þe salute þe lewe and þe Ridar sall haif courss in þis realme...

##### Alternative forms

* lewe

### Etymology 2

From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.

#### Alternative forms

* lue, loo, looe, lee

#### Adjective

lew (comparative lewer, superlative lewest)
* (obsolete) Sunny; warm.
* (dialect) Lukewarm, tepid.
* (dialect) Alee: protected from the wind.
** 1674, J. Ray, "South & East Countrey Words" in Coll. Eng. Words, p. 70:
    Lee or Lew, Calm, under the wind. Suss.
** 1892, H. C. O'Neill, Devonshire Idyls, page 7:His house... was ‘loo’ from the cold north winds.

##### Usage notes

Now chiefly Southern Scottish and Northern English.

#### Noun

lew (plural lews)
* (now Scotland) Warmth, heat.
** 1605, J. Sylvester translating G. de S. Du Bartas as Deuine Weekes & Wks, Book i, Ch. iv, p. 136:
    To th' end a fruitfull lew May euerie Climate in his time renew.
* (dialect) A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks.
** 1825, J. Jennings, Observ. Dial. W. Eng., p. 52:
    Lew, shelter; defence from storms or wind.
** 1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect:
    Lew, a thatched hurdle, supported by sticks, and set up in a field to screen lambs, etc. from the wind.

##### Derived terms

* house-lew

#### Verb

lew (third-person singular simple present lews, present participle lewing, simple past and past participle lewed)
* (transitive) To make warm or lukewarm.
* (intransitive, obsolete) To become warm.
* (transitive) To shelter from the wind.
** 1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect:
    Lew... Those trees will lew the house when they're up-grown.

### Etymology 3

Uncertain, but compare Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”) and limlǣweo (“limb-weak, lame”). Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *laiwą (“damage”); compare Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”).

#### Adjective

lew (comparative more lew, superlative most lew)
* Weak.
* Sickly-looking, pale, wan.
** c. 1325, "Old Age" in T. Wright & al.'s 1845 Reliquiae Antiquae, Vol. II, p. 211:
    Mi bodi wexit lewe.

### Etymology 4

Variant of lo (q.v.).

#### Interjection

lew
* (obsolete) Alternative form of lo or look: a cry to look at something.
** 15th c., “Processus Noe cum filiis [Noah and the Ark]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 38, lines 507–510:hence bot a litill / she commys, lew, lew! / shy bryngys in her bill / som novels new; / Behald! / It is of an olif tre / A branch, thynkys me.[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.

##### Derived terms

* looky-loo

### Etymology 5

Variant of lue (q.v.).

#### Verb

lew (third-person singular simple present lews, present participle lewing, simple past and past participle lewed)
* (mining, dialect, transitive) Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver.
** 1674, John Ray, A Collection of English Words, Not Generally Used, page 122:Cornwall... The fine [sc. tin] is lewed in a fine sierce.

### References

* ↑ "† lew, n.¹" in the Oxford English Dictionary (1902), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ "lew, adj.¹ and n.²" and "lew, v." in the Oxford English Dictionary (1902), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ "lew, adj.²" in the Oxford English Dictionary (1902), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ "lew, int." in the Oxford English Dictionary (1902), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ "lue | lew, v." in the Oxford English Dictionary (1903), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Noah Webster (1828) “lew”, in An American Dictionary of the English Language: […], volume II (J–Z), New York, N.Y.: […] S. Converse; printed by Hezekiah Howe […], →OCLC.
* “lew”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* we'l

## Cornish
### Pronunciation

* (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA: [lɛˑʊ]
* (Revived Late Cornish) IPA: [leˑʊ]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *llew, from Latin leō. Cognate with Welsh llew.

#### Noun

lew m (plural lewyon)
* lion
    Synonym: lion

##### Derived terms

* dans lew (“dandelion”)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Brythonic *llüw, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlowī (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“flow”). Cognate with Old Irish luí and Welsh llyw.

#### Noun

lew m (plural lewyon)
* rudder

### Etymology 3

Probably from Etymology 2.

#### Adverb

lew
* starboard

## Gothic
### Romanization

lēw
* Romanization of 𐌻𐌴𐍅

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɛf/
* Rhymes: -ɛf
* Syllabification: lew

### Noun

lew m animal (female equivalent lwica or lewka or lewina, diminutive lewk)
* lion (Panthera leo)

### References

* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “lew”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “lew”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɛf/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛf
* Syllabification: lew
* Homophone: Lew

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ, probably via a Germanic language, from Latin leō. Doublet of Leon.

#### Noun

lew m animal (female equivalent lwica, diminutive lewek, augmentative lwisko)
* lion
* (heraldry) lion

##### Derived terms

* lwi
* lwiarnia
* lwię

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev), from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.

#### Noun

lew m animal
* lev (currency of Bulgaria)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

lew f
* genitive plural of lewa

### Further reading

* lew in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* lew in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Sranan Tongo
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch leeuw.

### Noun

lew
* lion

## Welsh
### Noun

lew
* Soft mutation of llew.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Zazaki
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *leb-, cognate with Persian لب (lab), English lip etc.

### Noun

lew
* (anatomy) lip