# محبت
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مُحَبَّت (muhabbat), from Arabic مَحَبَّة (maḥabba, “love”).

### Noun

محبت • (muhabbet) (definite accusative محبتی (muhabbeti), plural محبتلر (muhabbetler))
* conversation, chat, talk, banter, dialogue, discussion, interlocution, expression and exchange of ideas through talking with other people
    Synonym: صحبت (sohbet)
* love, affection, fondness, attachment, tenderness, a strong bonding with someone or something, a deep caring for the existence of another
    Synonyms: سوكی (sevgi), عشق (ʼeşk)
* friendship, the condition of being friends, a relationship of mutual affection between people, stronger than an acquaintance or association
    Synonym: دوستلق (dostluk)

#### Derived terms

* محبت آرا (muhabbet ara, “adorned with love”)
* محبت اوتی (muhabbet otu, “mandrake”)
* محبت ایتمك (muhabbet etmek, “to have affection for another”)
* محبت چیچكی (muhabbet çiçeği, “mignonette”)
* محبتكار (muhabbetkâr, “affectionate, loving”)
* محبتلشمك (muhabbetleşmek, “to enjoy a loving chat”)
* محبتلو (muhabbetli, “affectionate, loving”)
* محبتنامه (muhabbetnâme, “friendly letter”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: muhabbet
* → Albanian: muhabet
** → Aromanian: muabeti
* → Armenian: մուհապէթ (muhapētʻ)
* → Greek: μουχαμπέτι (mouchampéti)
* → Ladino: moabet
* → Macedonian: муабет (muabet)
* → Pontic Greek: μουχαμπέτι (mouchampéti)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “muhabbet”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3276
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “muhabbet”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 794
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “محبت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1126
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Amicitia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 56
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “محبة”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4424
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “muhabbet”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “محبت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1757

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَحَبَّة (maḥabba). The predominant shift of the first vowel from /a/ to /u/ is due to analogy with the large number of Arabic participles with initial /mu/ such as مهندس (muhandis, mohandes, “engineer”), محاربه (muhāraba, mohârabe, “war”) etc.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mu.haβ.bat], [ma.haβ.bat]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦäb.bät̪], [mä.ɦäb.bät̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦäb.bät̪], [mä.ɦäb.bät̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mʊ.wäb.bät̪], [mɑːäb.bät̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mu.wäb.bät̪], [mɔːäb.bät̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mo.ɦæb.bæt̪], [mæ.ɦæb.bæt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mu.ɦäb.bät̪], [mä.ɦäb.bät̪]

### Noun

مُحَبَّت or مَحَبَّت • (mohabbat or mahabbat)
* love
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1529:از محبت تلخها شیرین شود از محبت مسها زرین شودaz mahabbat talx-hā šīrīn šawad az mahabbat mis-hā zarīn šawadBy love bitter things become sweet; by love pieces of copper become golden;
* affection
* kindness

#### Descendants

* → Bashkir: мөхәббәт (möxəbbət)
* → Bengali: মহব্বত (mohobbot)
* → Gujarati: મોહબત (mohbat)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मुहब्बत (muhabbat), मोहब्बत (mohabbat)
    Urdu: محبت (mohabbat, muhabbat)
* → Malayalam: മുഹബ്ബത്ത് (muhabbattŭ)
* → Ottoman Turkish: محبت (muḥabbet)
** Turkish: muhabbet
** → Albanian: muhabet
*** → Aromanian: muabeti
** → Armenian: մուհապէթ (muhapētʻ)
** → Greek: μουχαμπέτι (mouchampéti)
** → Ladino: moabet
** → Macedonian: муабет (muabet)
** → Pontic Greek: μουχαμπέτι (mouchampéti)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਹੱਬਤ (muhabbat)
    Shahmukhi script: محبت (muḥabbat)
* → Tatar: мәхәббәт (mäxäbbät)
* → Uyghur: مۇھەببەت (muhebbet)
* → Uzbek: muhabbat, муҳаббат (muhabbat)

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “محبت”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مُحَبَّت (muhabbat), borrowed from Arabic مَحَبَّة (maḥabba), from حَبَّ (ḥabba). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi محبت (mḥbt).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /mə.ɦəb.bət̪/, /mʊ.ɦəb.bət̪/, [mo.ɦəb.bət̪], [mɔ.ɦɔb.bət̪]
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -ət̪

### Noun

مَحَبَّت or مُحَبَّت • (mahabbat or muhabbat) f (Hindi spelling मोहब्बत or मुहब्बत)
* love
* affection
* dedication, attachment

#### Synonyms

* عِشْق ('iśq)
* پْریم (prem)
* پْیار (pyār)

### References

* ↑ “محبت”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “محبت”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “محبت”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]