# نجم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

نَجَمَ • (najama) I (non-past يَنْجُمُ (yanjumu), verbal noun نُجُوم (nujūm))
* to appear
* to rise
* to break forth, to grow
* to come forward
* to pay punctually at appointed terms

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نجم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

نَجَّمَ • (najjama) II (non-past يُنَجِّمُ (yunajjimu), verbal noun تَنْجِيم (tanjīm))
* to observe the stars
* to predict the future from the stars, to practice astrology
* to pay in installments

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

نَجْم • (najm) m (plural نُجُوم (nujūm))
* installment, partial payment

##### Declension
#### Noun

نَجْم • (najm) m (plural نُجُوم (nujūm) or أَنْجُم (ʔanjum) or نُجُم (nujum) or أَنْجَام (ʔanjām))
* (astronomy) celestial body, star, planet, luminary
    تُضْفِي ٱلنُّجُومُ ٱللَّامِعَةُ فِي ٱلسَّمَاءِ جَمَالًا خَاصًّا عَلَى اللَّيْلِ.tuḍfī n-nujūmu l-lāmiʕatu fī s-samāʔi jamālan ḵāṣṣan ʕalā l-layli.The bright stars in the sky add a special beauty to the night.
* (astronomy) constellation, asterism
* lucky star

##### Descendants

* Egyptian Arabic: نجم (nigm)
* → Ottoman Turkish: نجم (necm)
* → Persian: نجم (najm)

#### Noun

نَجْم • (najm) m (collective, singulative نَجْمَة f (najma), plural نُجُوم (nujūm) or أَنْجُم (ʔanjum) or نُجُم (nujum) or أَنْجَام (ʔanjām))
* stalkless plant, herb, grass

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نجم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

نُجُم • (nujum) m pl
* plural of نَجْم (najm)

### Related terms

* تَنْجِيم (tanjīm, “astrology”)
* مَنْجَم (manjam, “source, mine, pit”)
* مُنَجِّم (munajjim, “astrologer”)
* مَنْجَمِيّ (manjamiyy, “mining”)
* مَنْجُوم (manjūm, “starred”)
* نَجَّام (najjām, “astrologer”)
* نَجْمَة (najma, “star, asterisk”)
* نَجْمِيّ (najmiyy, “starlike, stellar”)
* نُجَيْمَة (nujayma, “small star”)

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic نَجْم (najm).

### Noun

نجم • (nigm) m (plural نجوم (nugūm))
* star
    Synonym: نجمة
    حساب النجوم ― ḥisāb in-nugūm ― horoscope

### Noun

نجم • (nigm/nagm) m (plural نجوم (nugūm), feminine نجمة (nigma))
* movie star, star performer

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَجْم (najm, “star, celestial body”).

### Noun

نجم • (necm) (plural نجوم (necum))
* (astronomy) star, a luminous celestial body made up of plasma
    Synonyms: اختر (ahter), ستاره (sitāre), یلدز (yıldız)
* (astronomy) asterism, an unofficial constellation like the Orion's Belt

#### Derived terms

* نجم ثاقب (necm-i sābit, “bright star; Saturn”)
* نجمی (necmî, “starry”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: necm

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “necm”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3509
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “نجم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1270
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Stella”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1595
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “نجم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5142
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “نجم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2074

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic نَجْم (najm).

### Noun

نجم • (najm)
* (astronomy) star
    Synonym: ستاره (setâre)

#### Related terms

* نجوم (nojum)

## Tunisian Arabic
### Verb

نجم (najjam) II (non-past ينجم (ynajjam))
* can, to be able to
* could

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian نجم (najm), from Arabic نَجْم (najm).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /nəd͡ʒm/
* (colloquial) IPA: /nə.d͡ʒəm/

### Noun

نَجْم • (najm) m (formal plural نُجُوم (nujūm), Hindi spelling नज्म)
* star, planet
* (astrology) fortune, fate
* horoscope
* (botany) any plant without a stalk or trunk, such as grass
* white pearl

#### Synonyms

* سِتارَہ (sitāra)
* تارا (tārā)
* سَیّارَہ (saiyāra)

#### Derived terms

* نَجْمی (najmī, “starry, stellar”)
* بَینَ النُجُوم (bainal-nujūm, “interstellar”)
* نَجْمُ الثّاقِب (najmus-sāqib)
* نَجمِ سَحَر (najm-i sahar, “morning star”)
* نُجُوم پَرَسْتی (nujūm parastī, “astrolatry”)
* نُجُومِ مُزْدَوَجَہ (nujūm-i muzdavaja, “double star”)

### References

* Platts, John T. (1884) “نجم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “نجم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* John Shakespear (1834) “نجم”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC