# ὁδός
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* οὐδός (oudós) — Homeric (used only once in Odyssey)

### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hodós, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *sodós (“course”), which is traditionally derived from *sed- (“to sit”) and directly cognate with Proto-Slavic *xodъ (“motion; passage”), with more distant cognates including Sanskrit साद (sāda, “a sitting, riding, motion”); however, this has been disputed. This would make it one of the oldest -ός (-ós) deverbals in Greek.
For the putative semantic development, compare English set out from the same root, as well as road from Proto-Germanic *raidō (“ride, journey”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ho.dós/ → /oˈðos/ → /oˈðos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ho.dós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)oˈdos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /oˈðos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /oˈðos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /oˈðos/

### Noun

ὁδός • (hodós) f (genitive ὁδοῦ); second declension
* threshold
* road, path, way
    Synonym: οὔθα (oútha)
* journey, trip, expedition
* The way, means, or manner to some end, method

#### Derived terms

* ἄνοδος (ánodos)
* ἄποδος (ápodos)
* ἄφοδος (áphodos)
* δίοδος (díodos)
* δύσοδος (dúsodos)
* εἴσοδος (eísodos)
* ἔνοδος (énodos)
* ἔξοδος (éxodos)
* ἐπεισόδιος (epeisódios)
* εὔοδος (eúodos)
* εὐρυόδεια (euruódeia)
* ἔφοδος (éphodos)
* κάθοδος (káthodos)
* μέθοδος (méthodos)
* ὅδῐος (hódĭos)
* ὁδῑ́της (hodī́tēs)
* ὁδοφῠ́λᾰξ (hodophŭ́lăx)
* πάροδος (párodos)
* περίοδος (períodos)
* πρόοδος (próodos)
* πρόσοδος (prósodos)
* σύνοδος (súnodos)
* τρίοδος (tríodos)
* φροῦδος (phroûdos)

#### Descendants

* → English: hodo-, odo-, -ode
* → Greek: οδός (odós, “street, way”) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὁδός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1046-7

### Further reading

* “ὁδός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὁδός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὁδός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὁδός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* ὁδός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ὁδός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3598 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* ὁδός in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. carriage-road idem, page 115.channel idem, page 124.coming idem, page 146.course idem, page 178.direction idem, page 226.distance idem, page 240.fashion idem, page 308.going idem, page 365.journey idem, page 464.line idem, page 492.manner idem, page 512.march idem, page 513.method idem, page 527.orbit idem, page 578.passage idem, page 597.path idem, page 598.peregrination idem, page 607.pilgrimage idem, page 613.ramble idem, page 670.ride idem, page 713.road idem, page 718.start idem, page 811.street idem, page 824.thoroughfare idem, page 868.track idem, page 885.travel idem, page 890.waggon idem, page 959.walk idem, page 960.way idem, page 968.
* Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 884