# 年紀
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): niánjì
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧˋ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): liénjī
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nin$^4$ gei$^2$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): nin$^4$ gai$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): nyien$^4$ ji
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-ki / ngiàn-ki
    (Hailu, HRS): ngien gi$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngian$^2$ gi$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): nî-kí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ni$^5$ gi$^2$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): nin$^4$ gi$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$gni-ci$_5$ / $^2$gnie-ci$_5$ / $^2$gnien-ci$_5$ / $^2$gni-ci$_5$
** (Jinhua): $^2$gniaa-ci$_5$
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyienn$^2$ ji$^3$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): ninn$^2$ ji$^{3*}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niánjì → niánji (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧˋ → ㄋㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄐㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niánji̊
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^2$-chi$^5$
*** Yale: nyán-ji
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nian.jih
*** Palladius: няньцзи (njanʹczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/ → /ni̯ɛn³⁵ d͡ʑ̥i³/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$年紀 / 年纪 年際 / 年际
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: liénjī
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): lien$^2$ ji$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /liẽ²⁴ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nin$^4$ gei$^2$
*** Yale: nìhn géi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nin$^4$ gei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nin$^4$ géi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /niːn²¹ kei̯³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: nin$^4$ gai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /nin²¹ kɐi³⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: nyien$^4$ ji
*** Sinological IPA : /n̠ʲiɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-ki
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngien$^ˇ$ gi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngian$^2$ gi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹ ki⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-ki
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngian$^ˇ$ gi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngian$^2$ gi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an¹¹ ki⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngien gi$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋien⁵⁵ ki²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngian$^2$ gi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋian¹¹ ki³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-kí
*** Tâi-lô: nî-kí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ni'kie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² ki⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² ki⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ki⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ ki⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ni$^5$ gi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî kí
*** Sinological IPA : /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ki⁵²/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: nin$^4$ gi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /nin²¹ ki³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gni-ci$_5$
*** MiniDict: nyi$^去$ ci$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$nyi-ji$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi²² t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Chongming, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$gnie-ci$_5$
*** MiniDict: nye$^平$ ci$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦn̠ʲie²⁴ t͡ɕi³³/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲɪ²² t͡ɕi³³/
** (Northern: Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$gnien-ci$_5$
*** MiniDict: nyen$^平$ ci$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /n̠ʲiẽ̞²² t͡ɕi³⁴/
** (Northern: Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^2$gni-ci$_5$
*** MiniDict: nyi$^平$ ci$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /n̠ʲi²² t͡ɕi⁵¹/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^2$gniaa-ci$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /n̠ʲia³¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: nyienn$^2$ ji$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /n̠ʲi̯ẽ¹³ t͡ɕi⁴¹/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: ninn$^2$ ji$^{3*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /nĩ¹³ $^{(t͡ɕ-)}$d͡ʑi⁴²⁻¹/
* Middle Chinese: nen kiX
Rime :
| Character | 年 | 紀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 奴顚切 | 居里切 |
| Baxter | nen | kiX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nen/ | /kɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nen/ | /kɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɛn/ | /kie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɛn/ | /kɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /nen/ | /kiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /nien/ | /kĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /nien/ | /ki$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nián | jǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | nin$^4$ | gei$^2$ |

### Noun

年紀
* age (of a person)
    年紀很大／年纪很大 ― niánjì hěn dà ― very old
    年紀輕輕／年纪轻轻 ― niánjì qīng qīng ― ... (despite being) at such a young age
       Tā de niánjì yǐjīng bù xiǎo le. [Pinyin]
       He's not a young person anymore.
* (archaic) number of years; year count
* (archaic) time (in general)

#### Usage notes

年齡／年龄 (niánlíng) and 年紀／年纪 (niánjì) are different in that the former can refer to the age of a person, plant or heavenly body, while the latter can only refer to the age of a person.

#### Synonyms

* (age):
* 年事 (niánshì)
* 年歲 / 年岁 (niánsuì)
* 年齒 / 年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
* 年齡 / 年龄 (niánlíng)
* 歲子 / 岁子 (Hokkien)
* 歲數 / 岁数 (suìshu)
* 歲聲 / 岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 歲頭 / 岁头 (Hokkien)
* 齒髮 / 齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)
* (number of years): 積年／积年 (jīnián), 年代 (niándài), 年數／年数 (niánshù)
* (time): 年數／年数 (niánshù), 年代 (niándài), 時候／时候 (shíhou), 時間／时间 (shíjiān), (Hokkien, Teochew) 時陣／时阵 (sî-chūn), (Wu) 辰光 (zen kuaan (T3))

#### Derived terms

* 一把年紀 / 一把年纪 (yībǎniánjì)
* 上年紀 / 上年纪 (shàng niánjì)
* 小小年紀 / 小小年纪
* 有年紀 / 有年纪

### References

* “年紀”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.