# 惰

| 惰 | U+60F0, &#24816; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60F0 |
| ← 惯 [U+60EF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 惱 → [U+60F1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

惰 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 心大一月 (PKMB), four-corner 9402$_7$, composition ⿰忄⿱左月)

#### Derived characters

* 墯

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 392, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10855
* Dae Jaweon: page 728, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2326, character 11
* Unihan data for U+60F0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鬌 | *ʔl'oːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *l'ol |
| 隋 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol |
| 墮 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *hlol |
| 媠 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːls |
| 橢 | *l̥ʰoːlʔ |
| 嫷 | *l̥ʰoːls, *l'oːlʔ |
| 毻 | *l̥ʰoːls, *l̥ʰoːds |
| 堶 | *l'oːl |
| 憜 | *l'oːlʔ |
| 惰 | *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls |
| 嶞 | *l'oːlʔ |
| 髓 | *slolʔ |
| 瀡 | *slolʔ, *slols |
| 隨 | *ljol |
| 隓 | *hlol |
| 隳 | *hlol |
| 撱 | *lolʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls): semantic 忄 (“heart; mind”) + abbreviated phonetic 隋 (OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, *l'oːlʔ, *ljol).

### Etymology

May be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(d/n)waj (“to hang from; to cling to; creeper”); see 垂 (OC *djol, “to hang down”) for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): duò (duo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): do$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tho
* Eastern Min (BUC): dô̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tō / tǒ͘ / tǒ / tōaⁿ / tǒaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): duan$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$du
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: duò
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: duò
*** Wade–Giles: to$^4$
*** Yale: dwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
*** Palladius: до (do)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: do$^6$
*** Yale: doh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: do$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: do$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔː²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
*** Hakka Romanization System: to
*** Hagfa Pinyim: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
*** Tâi-lô: tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /to³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒ͘
*** Tâi-lô: tǒo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒ
*** Tâi-lô: tǒ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tuānn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dvoa
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /tuã²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tuã³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǒaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tuǎnn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tuã²²/
*** IPA (Lukang): /tuã³³/
* tō/tǒ͘/tǒ - literary;
* tōaⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: dwaX, dwaH
Rime :
| Character | 惰 | 惰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 徒果切 | 徒臥切 |
| Baxter | dwaX | dwaH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /duɑ$^X$/ | /duɑ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /duɑ$^X$/ | /duɑ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /duɑ$^X$/ | /duɑ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dwa$^X$/ | /dwa$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /duɑ$^X$/ | /duɑ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /duɑ$^X$/ | /duɑ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱuɑ$^X$/ | /dʱuɑ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | duò | duò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | do$^6$ | do$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤojʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'oːlʔ/, /*l'oːls/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 惰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | duò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dwa$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁojʔ/ |
| English | lazy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 惰 | 惰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5426 | 5430 |
| Phonetic component | 隓 | 隓 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 墮 | 惰 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'oːlʔ/ | /*l'oːls/ |

### Definitions

惰
* lazy; indolent
    From: Three Character Classic, circa 13th century CE
    Jiào bù yán, shī zhī duò. [Pinyin]
    To teach, without severity, is the teacher's laziness.
* (obsolete) irreverent; careless

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 懶, 惰, 懈, 怠 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 懶惰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 懶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 懶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 懶, 懶惰 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 懶 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 懶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 懶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 懶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 懶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 懶, 蛇 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 懶, 蛇 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 懶 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 懶 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 懶 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 懶, 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 懶屍 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 懶屍 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 懶 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 惰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 懶, 懶屍, 懶漢, 二婿 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 懶賤, 漚肉 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 貧惰, 臭惰, 荏懶, 臭肉, 漚肉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 貧惰, 臭惰, 懶屍, 荏懶, 想死, 懶賤, 漚肉, 屎礐蟲 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 荏懶, 貧惰, 懶屍 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 荏懶, 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 荏懶, 貧惰 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 貧惰, 荏懶, 臭惰, 臭骨 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 惰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 惰 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 懶 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 懶撲 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 懶, 懶怕 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 懶 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 懶 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 懶 |

### Compounds

* 休惰
* 偏惰
* 偷惰
* 委惰
* 姦惰 / 奸惰
* 媮惰 / 偷惰
* 嫚惰
* 嬌惰 / 娇惰
* 嬾惰 / 懒惰
* 弛惰
* 怯惰
* 怠惰 (dàiduò)
* 恬惰
* 惰侈
* 惰倪
* 惰偷
* 惰傲
* 惰力
* 惰劣
* 惰君
* 惰壞 / 惰坏
* 惰失
* 惰奢
* 惰媮 / 惰偷
* 惰嬾 / 惰懒
* 惰容
* 惰廢 / 惰废
* 惰弛
* 惰心
* 惰性 (duòxìng)
* 惰怠
* 惰慵
* 惰慢 (duòmàn)
* 惰懈
* 惰昏
* 惰民
* 惰氣 / 惰气
* 惰游
* 惰窳
* 惰肆
* 惰行
* 惰貧 / 惰贫
* 惰農 / 惰农 (duònóng)
* 惰食
* 惰驕 / 惰骄
* 慢惰 (mànduò)
* 慵惰
* 懈惰
* 懶惰 / 懒惰 (lǎnduò)
* 敖惰
* 昏惰
* 曠惰 / 旷惰
* 浮惰
* 淫惰
* 游惰
* 燕惰
* 猥惰
* 疏惰
* 疑惰
* 矜惰
* 窳惰
* 簡惰 / 简惰
* 纖惰 / 纤惰
* 肆惰
* 衰惰
* 解惰
* 貪惰 / 贪惰
* 貧惰 / 贫惰
* 輕惰 / 轻惰
* 退惰
* 逋惰
* 遊惰 / 游惰
* 違惰 / 违惰
* 避強擊惰 / 避强击惰
* 闇惰 / 暗惰
* 隳惰
* 頑惰 / 顽惰
* 頹惰 / 颓惰
* 騃惰 / 𫘤惰
* 驕惰 / 骄惰

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* lazy

#### Readings

* Go-on: だ (da, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: た (ta)
* Kun: おこたる (okotaru, 惰る)

## Korean
### Hanja

惰 (eum 타 (ta))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

惰: Hán Nôm readings: đọa/đoạ, nọa/noạ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.