# offendo
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ofˈfɛn.do/
* Rhymes: -ɛndo
* Hyphenation: of‧fèn‧do

### Verb

offendo
* first-person singular present indicative of offendere

### Anagrams

* effondo

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ofˈfen.doː/, [ɔfˈfɛn̪d̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ofˈfen.do/, [ofˈfɛn̪d̪o]

### Etymology 1

From ob- (“against”) +‎ *fendō (“hit, thrust”), from Proto-Italic *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike, to kill”). Compare dēfendō.

#### Verb

offendō (present infinitive offendere, perfect active offendī, supine offēnsum); third conjugation
* to hit, thrust, strike against something
** c. 40 BCE, De Bello Hispaniensi, chapter 23:Ita cum eius [mīlitis] compar proelium facere coepisset, cum undique sē circumvenīrī animum advertisset, ingressus pedem offendit.So, although his [the soldier's] partner had begun to fight, when he noticed that he was being surrounded on all sides, after starting to leave, he hit his foot.
** 30 BCE, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, Sermo 1.2‎, archived from the original on 2017-05-27, lines 74-78:Quidquid sum ego, quamvīs īnfrā Lūcīlī cēnsum ingeniumque, tamen mē cum magnīs vīxisse invīta fatēbitur ūsque invidia et fragilī quaerēns inlīdere dentem offendet solidō [...]Whatever I am like, though inferior to the wealth and talent of Lucilius, nevertheless, that I have lived with great men [is something that] reluctant envy will fully admit and, seeking to sink her tooth into something soft, will strike it against something solid [...]
** c. 95 CE, Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria‎, archived from the original on 2020-06-03, book 6, chapter 3, line 67:An nōn plūrima dīcuntur quod refert Cicerō dē homine praelongō, caput eum ad fornicem Fabium offendisse [...]Rather, not many things are said like what Cicero reports about a very tall man, that he hit his head on the Fabian arch [...]
* to meet, encounter (someone)
    Synonyms: inveniō, obeō, occurrō, congredior, prōcēdō
* (figuratively) to suffer damage, receive an injury
* to fail, be unfortunate
* to find fault, take offence
    Sī Caesarem probātis, in mē offenditis.If you favor Cæsar, you find fault with me.
* to stumble, blunder, commit offence or sin
    Synonyms: committō, dēlinquō, lābor, errō
* to shock, vex, offend, mortify, scandalize

##### Derived terms

* offendiculum
* offēnsa
* offēnsibilis
* offēnsiō
* offēnsō
* offēnsor
* offēnsum
* offēnsus

##### Descendants

* Catalan: ofendre
* Italian: offendere
* Old French: offendre
** Middle French: offendre
*** → Middle English: offenden
**** English: offend
**** Scots: offend
* Sicilian: affènniri
* Spanish: ofender
* Venetan: ofendar

### Etymology 2

From offendō (verb) +‎ -ō (“noun-forming suffix”).

#### Noun

offendō f (genitive offendinis); third declension
* an offence
    Synonyms: offēnsa, offēnsiō

##### Declension

Third-declension noun.

### References

* “offendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “offendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* offendo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to meet, come across a person; to meet casually: offendere, nancisci aliquem to hurt some one's feelings: offendere aliquem, alicuius animum to hurt some one's feelings: offendere apud aliquem (Cluent. 23. 63) to feel hurt by something: offendi aliqua re (animus offenditur) to have something to say against a person, to object to him: offendere in aliquo (Mil. 36. 99) to take a false step in a thing; to commit an indiscretion: offendere in aliqua re (Cluent. 36. 98)