# dy
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English dyen, variant of dien (“to die”). More at die.

#### Verb

dy
* Obsolete form of die.
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto XII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:The lether-winged Bat, dayes enimy, / The ruefull Strich, still waiting on the bere, / The Whistler shrill, that who so heares, doth dy […]

### Etymology 2

Clipping of already.

#### Adverb

dy
* (text messaging) already

### Etymology 3

Abbreviation of deputy.

#### Noun

dy
* (India, attributive) Abbreviation of deputy.
** 2024 July 4, Mahesh Buddi, “SBI dy manager in police net for helping cyber cons, 15th banker to be held this yr”, in Times of India‎, archived from the original on September 11, 2024:SBI dy manager in police net for helping cyber cons, 15th banker to be held this yr

### See also

* dy-no-mite (etymologically unrelated)

### Anagrams

* yd., Y/D, yd

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch dij, from Middle Dutch die, from Old Dutch *thio, from Proto-Germanic *þeuhą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [də̟i̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

dy (plural dye, diminutive dytjie)
* thigh

## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *duwō masc, *duwai fem, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Matzinger reconstructs *duu̯a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dy/

### Numeral

dy
* two

#### Related terms

* dytë

### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “dy”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 79
* ↑ Schumacher, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 216

## Central Mazahua
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dz/

### Letter

dy (upper case Dy)
* A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, Ⱥ ⱥ, A̱ a̱, B b, C c, Cꞌ cꞌ, Cj cj, Cu cu, Cꞌu cꞌu, Cju cju, Ch ch, Chꞌ chꞌ, Chj chj, D d, Dy dy, E e, Ɇ ɇ, E̱ e̱, G g, Gu gu, Hu hu, ꞌHu ꞌhu, I i, I̱ i̱, J j, Jꞌ jꞌ, Jm jm, Jn jn, Jñ jñ, Ju ju, Jy jy, L l, M m, Mꞌ mꞌ, N n, Nꞌ nꞌ, Ñ ñ, Ñꞌ ñꞌ, O o, Ø ø, O̱ o̱, P p, Pj pj, R r, S s, T t, Tꞌ tꞌ, Tj tj, Ts ts, Tsꞌ tsꞌ, Tsj tsj, U u, Ꞹ ꞹ, U̱ u̱, X x, Z z, Zh zh, ꞌ

## Danish
### Etymology

Uncertain, possibly from Middle Low German dōgen (“to suffer, endure”), from Proto-Germanic *daugijaną, cognate with Dutch dogen (dialect).

### Verb

dy (past tense dyede, past participle dyet)
* (reflexive) to restrain oneself, to help oneself
** 2012, Richard Russo, Åndernes rige, Klim, →ISBN:Han er egentlig for klog til det, men han kan ikke dy sig.He is actually too clever for it, but he cannot help himself.
** 2010, Mette Winge, Et udestående: - en provisorietidsroman, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN:Han var lige ved at tilføje at der ikke havde været anført noget om sagen i de franske aviser, men han dyede sig, for politiinspektøren hørte ikke til dem man opmuntrede med vitser.He was just about to add that there had been no note of the case in the French papers, but he restrained himself, for the police inspector did not belong to those people that one cheered up with jokes.
** 2009, Hanne Reintoft, Hjertebånd, ArtPeople, →ISBN:De havde dyet sig og nøjedes med den tilmålte ration uden at stikke fingrene hverken i slunkne melsække eller halvtomme sulekar.They had restrained themselves and made do with the measured ration without sticking their fingers in lacking flour bags, nor in half-empty meat jars.

#### Conjugation

activepassive
present
dyer or dyr
past
dyede
infinitive
dy
imperative
dy
participle
present
past
dyet (auxiliary verb have)
gerund

### References

* “dy” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Egyptian
### Romanization

dy
* Alternative transliteration of dj.

## Judeo-Tat
### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian دو (dō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dy/

### Numeral

dy
* two

#### Coordinate terms

| | —0 | —1 | —2 | —3 | —4 | —5 | —6 | —7 | —8 | —9 |
| 0— | nol | jəki | dy | sə | cor | pənç | şəş | ħoft | ħəşt | nyh |
| 1— | dəh | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |

### References

* Нафталиев, М. Н. (2015) “dy”, in Е. М. Назарова, editor, Еврейско (джуури)-русский словарь [Juhuri–Russian Dictionary]‎, Moscow: СТМЭГИ, page 133a

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɨ/

### Adverb

dy
* Alternative form of gdy.

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “dy”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “dy”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Middle English
### Noun

dy
* Alternative form of dee

## Middle French
### Verb

dy
* first-person singular present indicative of dire

## Silesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɪ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪ
* Syllabification: dy

### Conjunction

dy
* Alternative form of gdy

### Further reading

* dy in silling.org

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse dý, related to dýja (“to shake, tremble”), from Proto-Germanic *dūjan- (“to tremble”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, mist”).

### Noun

dy c
* mud, mire, sludge

#### Derived terms

* dyblöt
* dybotten
* dyig
* dypöl
* dyvåt

#### See also

* gyttja
* lera

### Further reading

* dy in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
* dy in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

## Traveller Norwegian
### Etymology

Inherited from Romani duj.

### Numeral

dy
* two

#### Related terms

* dypansj

### References

* “dy” in Norwegian Romani Dictionary.
* “dy” in Tavringens Rakripa: Romanifolkets Ordbok, Landsorganisasjonen for Romanifolket.

## Vilamovian
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Article

dy (definite, feminine and plural form of dyr)
* The; declined form of dyr

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* d' (before vowels)
* 'th (after vowels)

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *towe (“your”); compare Cornish dha, Breton da, Irish do. See ti (“you”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /də/
** (colloquial) IPA: /də/, (before a vowel) /d/
* Rhymes: -ə

### Determiner

dy (triggers soft mutation of a following consonant)
* your (familiar singular)
    Beth sy yn dy dŷ di?What's in your house?

### Pronoun

dy (triggers soft mutation of a following consonant)
* you (familiar singular; as the direct object of a verbal noun)
    Beth sy'n dy gnoi di?What's worrying/annoying you?

#### Usage notes

* After the noun or verbnoun which dy precedes, di is often added (or ti after bod when used to initiate a content clause). In formal language, this is done to emphasise the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial language, it is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis, and is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where di is never used.
* In formal Welsh, contractions of dy include d' before a vowel-initial words in poetic language and 'th after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, these contractions are not used in writing although dy /də/ is often pronounced /d/ before vowel-initial words in rapid speech and so esentially becoming d'.
* Pronomial dy can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial 'th is found only in literary language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for 'th for more information.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dy”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## West Frisian
### Etymology 1

From Old Frisian thī, from Proto-West Germanic *siz, from Proto-Germanic *sa (“that, the”). Compare Dutch die, English the.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɘ/

#### Determiner

dy
* that, those

##### Inflection

* Common singular: dy
* Neuter singular: dat
* Plural: dy

##### Further reading

* “dy (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

### Etymology 2

From Old Frisian thī, from Proto-Germanic *þiz.

#### Pronunciation

* (Clay) IPA: /dɛi̯/
* (Wood) IPA: /di/

#### Pronoun

dy
* object of do ("thou"), thee

##### Further reading

* “dy (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

## Xhosa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̠̥ʲʱ/

### Letter

dy (upper case Dy)
* A digraph in Xhosa orthography.