# हंस
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* हँस (hãs)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हंस (haṃsá). Doublet of हाँस (hā̃s).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɦəns/, [ɦɐ̃ns]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

हंस • (hans) m (Urdu spelling ہنس)
* swan
* goose
* Brahminy duck, Tadorna ferruginea

#### Declension
## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit हंस (haṃsa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦəu.sə/

### Noun

हंस • (hausa) m
* swan
* goose

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* haṃsa (Latin script)
* 𑀳𑀁𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* হংস (Bengali script)
* හංස (Sinhalese script)
* ဟံသ or ႁံသ (Burmese script)
* หํส or หังสะ (Thai script)
* ᩉᩴᩈ or ᩉᩘᩈ (Tai Tham script)
* ຫໍສ or ຫັງສະ (Lao script)
* ហំស (Khmer script)
* 𑄦𑄁𑄥 (Chakma script)

### Noun

हंस m
* Devanagari script form of haṃsa (“swan”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* হংস (Assamese script)
* ᬳᬂᬲ (Balinese script)
* হংস (Bengali script)
* 𑰮𑰽𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀳𑀁𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* ဟံသ (Burmese script)
* હંસ (Gujarati script)
* ਹਂਸ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌹𑌂𑌸 (Grantha script)
* ꦲꦁꦱ (Javanese script)
* 𑂯𑂁𑂮 (Kaithi script)
* ಹಂಸ (Kannada script)
* ហំស (Khmer script)
* ຫໍສ (Lao script)
* ഹംസ (Malayalam script)
* ᢀ᠋ᡥᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘮𑘽𑘭 (Modi script)
* ᢀ᠋ᠾᠠᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧎𑧞𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐴𑑄𑐳 (Newa script)
* ହଂସ (Odia script)
* ꢲꢀꢱ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆲𑆁𑆱 (Sharada script)
* 𑖮𑖽𑖭 (Siddham script)
* හංස (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪂𑪖𑪁 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚩𑚫𑚨 (Takri script)
* ஹஂஸ (Tamil script)
* హంస (Telugu script)
* หํส (Thai script)
* ཧཾ་ས (Tibetan script)
* 𑒯𑓀𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨱𑨸𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰansás (“goose”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬁 (zā), Ancient Greek χήν (khḗn), Latin ānser, Latvian zoss, German Gans, Old Irish géiss, Russian гусь (gusʹ), Albanian gatë (“heron”), Old English gōs (whence English goose).

### Pronunciation

* (Rigveda) IPA: /ɦɐn.sɐ́/, /ɦɐ̃.s̪ɐ́/
* (Yajurveda chanting) IPA: /ɦɐ.ɡm̩.sɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɦɐ̃.s̪ɐ/

### Noun

हंस • (haṃsá) stem, m
* a goose, gander, swan, flamingo (or other aquatic bird, considered as a bird of passage)
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.78.1:हंसाव्इव पततमा सुताँ उप ॥haṃsāviva patatamā sutām̐ upa.Like wild geese, fly here to the soma-pressings.
* sometimes a mere poetical or mythical bird, said in Rigveda to be able to separate Soma from water, when these two fluids are mixed, and in later literature, milk from water when these two are mixed
* the soul or spirit (typified by the pure white colour of a goose or swan, and migratory like a goose)
* sometimes "the Universal Soul or Supreme Spirit", identified with Virāj, Nārāyaṇa, Vishnu, Shiva, Kāma, and the Sun
* (in the dual) "the universal and the individual Spirit"
* a kind of ascetic
* a man of supernatural qualities born under a particular constellation
* an excellent draught-ox (according to some, a buffalo)
* a temple of a particular form
* a kind of mantra or mystical text
* name of two metres
* (music) a kind of measure
* a mystical name of the letter 'h'
* a spiritual preceptor

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: أنٛز (ạnz)
* Prakrit: हंस (haṃsa) (see there for further descendants)
* Pali: हंस (haṃsa) (see there for further descendants)

#### Borrowed Terms

* → Burmese: ဟင်္သာ (hangsa)
* → Hindi: हंस (hans)
* → Kannada: ಹಂಸ (haṃsa)
* → Khmer: ហង្ស (hɑng)
* → Lao: ຫັງສະ (hang sa)
* → Malay: angsa
** → Iban: ansa
** Indonesian: angsa
* → Mon: ဟံသာ (hɔŋsa)
* → Old Javanese: haṅsa, aṅsa
** Javanese: ꦲꦁꦱ (angsa), ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa)
** → Balinese: ᬳᬗ᭄ᬲ (angsa)
* → Shan: ႁင်းသႃႇ (háng sàa)
* → Tamil: ஹம்ஸம் (hamsam) (learned)
* → Telugu: హంస (haṁsa)
* → Thai: หงส์ (hong)

### Proper noun

हंस • (haṃsá) stem, m
* name of a Deva-gandharva
* name of a Dānava
* name of a son of Brahmā
* name of a son of Vasu-deva
* name of a son of A-riṣṭā
* name of a son of Brahma-datta and general of Jarā-saṃdha
* name of various authors etc.
* name of one of the Moon's horses
* name of a mountain
* name of the Brahmans in Plakṣa-dvīpa

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “haṃsá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 799

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “हंस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1286/1.