# 估

| 估 | U+4F30, &#20272; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F30 |
| ← 伯 [U+4F2F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 伱 → [U+4F31] |

## Translingual
### Han character

估 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人十口 (OJR), four-corner 2426$_0$, composition ⿰亻古)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 467
* Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 129, character 15
* Unihan data for U+4F30

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 箇 | *kaːls |
| 個 | *kaːls |
| 居 | *kɯ, *kas |
| 橭 | *kaː, *kʰaː |
| 嫴 | *kaː |
| 姑 | *kaː |
| 辜 | *kaː |
| 酤 | *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ |
| 蛄 | *kaː |
| 鴣 | *kaː |
| 沽 | *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs |
| 盬 | *kaː, *kaːʔ |
| 古 | *kaːʔ |
| 罟 | *kaːʔ |
| 估 | *kaːʔ |
| 鈷 | *kaːʔ |
| 詁 | *kaːʔ |
| 牯 | *kaːʔ |
| 故 | *kaːs |
| 固 | *kaːs |
| 稒 | *kaːɡs |
| 痼 | *kaːɡs |
| 錮 | *kaːɡs |
| 鯝 | *kaːɡs |
| 棝 | *kaːɡs |
| 凅 | *kaːɡs |
| 枯 | *kʰaː |
| 軲 | *kʰaː |
| 跍 | *kʰaː |
| 骷 | *kʰaː |
| 苦 | *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs |
| 葫 | *qʰaː, *ɡaː |
| 餬 | *ɡaː |
| 瑚 | *ɡaː |
| 湖 | *ɡaː |
| 鶘 | *ɡaː |
| 猢 | *ɡaː |
| 醐 | *ɡaː |
| 糊 | *ɡaː |
| 箶 | *ɡaː |
| 蝴 | *ɡaː |
| 胡 | *ɡaː |
| 瓳 | *ɡaː |
| 怙 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 祜 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 岵 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 婟 | *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs |
| 楛 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 据 | *ka |
| 裾 | *ka |
| 琚 | *ka |
| 椐 | *ka, *kas, *kʰa |
| 鶋 | *ka |
| 蜛 | *ka |
| 崌 | *ka |
| 涺 | *ka |
| 腒 | *ka, *ɡa |
| 鋸 | *kas |
| 倨 | *kas |
| 踞 | *kas |
| 涸 | *ɡaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːʔ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gū, gǔ (gu$^1$, gu$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ, ㄍㄨˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gu$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gu$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gu$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû
* Eastern Min (BUC): gū
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gou$^2$ / gou$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ku
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gū
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gu
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^1$
*** Yale: gū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gu
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^3$
*** Yale: gǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: gu$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gu
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gu$^2$
*** Yale: gú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gu$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû
*** Hakka Romanization System: gu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gū
*** Sinological IPA : /ku³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘
*** Tâi-lô: kóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kor
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gou$^2$ / gou$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu / kou
*** Sinological IPA : /kou⁵²/, /kou³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ku
*** MiniDict: ku$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ku
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ku³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kuX
Rime :
| Character | 估 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 公戸切 |
| Baxter | kuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ko$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɔ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ko$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ku$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 估 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4221 |
| Phonetic component | 古 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 古 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːʔ/ |

#### Definitions

估
* to estimate (an amount, value, etc.)
    高估 ― gāogū ― overestimate
* (Cantonese) to guess
       gu$^2$ dou$^1$ gu$^2$ dou$^{3-2}$ gaa$^3$ laa$^1$! [Jyutping]
       Any fool could have guessed correctly!
* (literary) price
* (literary) merchant; businessperson

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 猜, 猜測, 猜想 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 猜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 猜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 猜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 猜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 猜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 猜, 揣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 猜, 諳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 猜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 猜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 猜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 猜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 估, 猜 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 估 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 估 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 估 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 估 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 估 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 猜, 批 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 估 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 估 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 猜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 揣, 猜, 估 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 揣 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 揣 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 揣 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 揣 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 揣 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 臆 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 估 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 猜 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 估 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 準, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 臆, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 臆, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 猜, 臆 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 猜, 臆 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 猜, 臆 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 猜, 阿甲 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 臆, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 臆 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 臆, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 臆, 猜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 猜 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 猜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 猜 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 猜 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 猜 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 估, 猜 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 估 |

#### Compounds

* 估中 (gūzhòng)
* 低估 (dīgū)
* 估倒
* 估倧
* 估價 / 估价 (gūjià)
* 估價單 / 估价单 (gūjiàdān)
* 估價行 / 估价行
* 估喝
* 估單 / 估单
* 估堆兒 / 估堆儿
* 估客
* 估摸 (gūmo)
* 估測 / 估测
* 估稅 / 估税
* 估算 (gūsuàn)
* 估著眼
* 估計 / 估计 (gūjì)
* 估量
* 公估局
* 勘估
* 彈斤估兩 / 弹斤估两
* 彈觔估兩 / 弹斤估两
* 抄估
* 推估
* 掂斤估兩 / 掂斤估两
* 略估
* 評估 / 评估 (pínggū)
* 論斤估兩 / 论斤估两
* 資產重估 / 资产重估
* 難以估計 / 难以估计
* 預估 / 预估 (yùgū)
* 高估 (gāogū)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gù (gu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gù
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gù
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^4$
*** Yale: gù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guh
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gu$^3$
*** Yale: gu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuː³³/

#### Definitions

估
* Only used in 估衣 (gùyi, “secondhand clothes for sale”).

#### Compounds

* 估衣
* 估衣鋪 / 估衣铺

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こ (ko)
* Kun: あきなう (akinau, 估う)、あたい (atai, 估い)

## Korean
### Hanja

估 (eum 고 (go))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

估: Hán Nôm readings: cô, cố
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation