# 世

| 世 | U+4E16, &#19990; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E16 |
| ← 丕 [U+4E15] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 丗 → [U+4E17] |

## Translingual
### Han character

世 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 心廿 (PT), four-corner 4471$_7$, composition ⿻廿𠃊)

#### Derived characters

* 伳, 呭, 𪣅, 𡛶, 怈, 抴, 泄, 迣, 枻, 𬆑, 玴, 䄁, 朑, 𤤙, 𥅋, 𥹑, 紲(绁), 袣, 𦐕, 𮎉, 𮓽, 𬡽, 詍, 𧺿, 跇, 𣫸, 鉪, 靾, 齛
* 𢺿, 㰥, 𦐞, 屉, 𢇸, 𦭓, 疶, 𬙚, 𫢫, 笹, 髰, 枼, 𭁫, 𬔛, 𠁀, 𭁯, 𧉺, 貰(贳), 𩊈, 屜

#### Descendants

* せ (Hiragana character derived from man'yōgana)
* セ (Katakana character derived from man'yōgana)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: 一部/四畫 on the Chinese Wikisource.
* Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31
* Dae Jaweon: page 155, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 14, character 6
* Unihan data for U+4E16

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 世 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Bronze inscriptionsb02948b02949b02950b02951b02952b02953b02954b02955b02956b02957b02958b02959b02960b02961b02962b02963b02964b02965b02966b02967b02968b02969b02970b02971b02972Small seal scripts01647Transcribed ancient scriptsL35781L35782L35783L35784L35785L35786L35787L35788L35789L35790L35791L35792L35793L19868L19869L19870L19871L19872L19873L19874L19875L19876L19877L19878L19879L19880L19881L19882L19883L19884L19885 |||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||
| | Old Chinese |
| 貰 | *ɦljebs, *hljebs |
| 跇 | *l̥ʰebs, *lebs |
| 迣 | *ʔljebs |
| 世 | *hljebs |
| 泄 | *lebs, *sled |
| 枻 | *lebs |
| 詍 | *lebs |
| 靾 | *lebs |
| 袣 | *lebs |
| 抴 | *lebs, *led |
| 呭 | *lebs |
| 勩 | *lebs, *libs |
| 屜 | *l̥ʰeːbs |
| 鰈 | *l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb |
| 渫 | *zreːb, *sled |
| 煠 | *zreːb, *l̥ʰeb, *leb |
| 喋 | *rlaːb, *ʔl'eːb, *l'eːb |
| 鞢 | *rlaːb, *sleːb |
| 殜 | *l'eb, *leb, *lab |
| 葉 | *hljeb, *leb |
| 弽 | *hljeb, *hleːb |
| 韘 | *hljeb, *sleːb |
| 枼 | *leb |
| 楪 | *leb |
| 揲 | *leb, *l'eːb, *ɦljed |
| 鍱 | *leb |
| 偞 | *leb, *hleːb |
| 蝶 | *l̥ʰeːb, *l'eːb |
| 牒 | *l'eːb |
| 蹀 | *l'eːb |
| 諜 | *l'eːb |
| 堞 | *l'eːb |
| 牃 | *l'eːb |
| 褋 | *l'eːb |
| 惵 | *l'eːb |
| 碟 | *l'eːb |
| 屧 | *sleːb |
| 屟 | *sleːb |
| 紲 | *sled |
| 齛 | *sled |
| 疶 | *sled |
| 緤 | *sled |
| 媟 | *sled |
* Pictogram (象形) – three leaves on a branch. The derivative 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb) refers to the original word.
* Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): Triplication of 十 (“ten”) - thirty, such as a variant form 丗. Thirty years make one generation (thirty times twelve months gives 360 months). Compare 廿 (OC *njɯb, “id-2”).

### Etymology

世 (OC *hljebs) is derived from iterative devoicing of 葉 (OC *leb, “leaf”) + *-s suffix, meaning successive foliages of a tree > generations. Compare Tibetan ལོ་མ (lo ma, “leaf”), Western Tibetan ལོབ་མ (lob ma, “leaf”) and Tibetan ལོ (lo, “year”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): shī
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): shiī
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шы (šɨ, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai$^3$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): soi$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sai$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): si$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ / se
    (Hailu, HRS): shi$^ˇ$ / she$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): si$^4$ / sê$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): si$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): si̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): sié
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): si$^4$ / se$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sì / sè
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^3$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xi$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: shī
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: shiī
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): shii$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шы (šɨ, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sai$^3$
*** Yale: sai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐi̯³³/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: soi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɔi³²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sai³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ / se
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii / se
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^4$ / se$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/, /se⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shi$^ˇ$ / she$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃi¹¹/, /ʃe¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: si$^4$ / sê$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/, /se⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: si$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: si̿
*** Sinological IPA : /si³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sié
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬi⁴²/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: se$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬe⁴²/
* si4 - vernacular;
* se4 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit世 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂʐ̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʂʐ̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂʐ̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʃz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂʐ̩³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʂʐ̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʂʐ̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sz̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂʐ̩²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂʐ̩⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /sz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʂʐ̩³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /sz̩³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /sz̩ʷ⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /sz̩⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /sei⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕi³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕie⁴²/ /ɕi¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃï⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɐi³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sɐi³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɐi³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /se²¹/ /si²¹/ /sua²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /siɛ²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /si³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /si²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ti³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: syejH
Rime :
| Character | 世 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 舒制切 |
| Baxter | syejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ap-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljebs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 世 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ap-s/ |
| English | generation |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 世 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11537 |
| Phonetic component | 世 |
| Rime group | 蓋 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 丗 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljebs/ |
| Notes | 本枼葉初文（文源） |

### Definitions

世
* generation
    世代 ― shìdài ― generation
    德皇威廉二世 ― déhuáng Wēilián èr shì ― Kaiser Wilhelm II
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ yuē: “Rú yǒu wángzhě, bì shì ér hòu rén.” [Pinyin]
    The Master said, "If a truly royal ruler were to arise, it would still require a generation, and then virtue would prevail."
* (literary, or in compounds) for many generations; spanning many generations
    世襲／世袭 ― shìxí ― to inherit; to succeed
    世仇 ― shìchóu ― hereditary enemy
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Xià wǔ wéi Zhōu, shì yǒu zhé wáng. Sān hòu zài tiān, wáng pèi yú jīng. [Pinyin]
    Successors tread in the steps [of their predecessors] in our Zhou; for generations there had been wise kings. The three sovereigns were in heaven; and king [Wu] was their worthy successor in his capital.
* (in terms of address) longstanding friendship between two families; generations of family friendship
    世伯 ― shìbó ― uncle (friend of one's father)
* lifetime; all one's life; one's whole life
    一生一世 ― yīshēngyīshì ― all one's life
    下世 [Cantonese] ― haa$^6$ sai$^3$ [Jyutping] ― next life
* era; period; time
    當今之世／当今之世 ― dāngjīn zhī shì ― at present; nowadays
    From: Yang Xiong, Fa Yan (Exemplary Sayings), 9 CE
    Hónghuāng zhī shì, shèngrén wù zhī, shìyǐ fǎ shǐ hū Fúxī ér chéng hū Yáo. [Pinyin]
    The sages hated the primeval time. Thus, laws and institutions were established by Fuxi and were completed by Yao.
* (geology) epoch (geochronologic unit)
    全新世 ― quánxīnshì ― holocene
* world; people in the world
    世界 ― shìjiè ― world
    在世 ― zàishì ― alive
    From: Yang Xiong, Fa Yan (Exemplary Sayings), 9 CE
    Shì chēng Dōngfāng shēng zhī shèng yě, yán bù chún shī, xíng bù chún biǎo, qí liúfēng, yíshū, mièrú yě. [Pinyin]
    The world lauds the exuberance of Dongfang Shuo's life. But in speaking, he was not sincere enough to be a teacher, and in action, he was not a sincere enough to be a role model. The remnants of his writings that are still floating around should be discarded.
** 1863, “大旨言耶穌爲世之大光照臨萬國也”, in Charles Finney Preston, transl., 《耶穌言行撮要俗話》, Guangzhou: 雙門底福音堂, 約翰 [John] 1:10:
       keoi$^5$ jaa$^5$ cang$^4$ hai$^2$ sai$^3$ syu$^3$, sai$^3$ hai$^6$ keoi$^5$ so$^2$ zou$^6$, sai$^3$ zau$^6$ m$^4$ sik$^1$ keoi$^5$ [Jyutping]
       He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.
* (literary, or in compounds) dynasty; regime
    From: The Peach Blossom Spring (桃花源記), by Tao Yuanming, 421 (Wiktionary translation)
    Wèn jīn shì hé shì, nǎi bùzhī yǒu Hàn, wúlùn Wèi Jìn. [Pinyin]
    They asked what the current ruling dynasty was. Surprisingly, they had not even heard of the Han, let alone the Wei and the Jin.
    From: Former inscription at Gunjasa Temple, Hamyang County, 1684
    원자여세지계 급지아조지초 누경도이지육량 사역분훼 Won ja Yeo se ji gye[-ro], geupji ajo ji cho[-hi], nu gyeong doi ji yungnyang[-haya], sa yeok bunhwe[-ra]. [Sino-Korean]
    From the end of the Goryeo dynasty to the early years of the present dynasty, [the area] suffered repeated incursions by the island savages, and the temple was also burnt and destroyed.
* (literary, or in compounds) year; age
* (literary, or in compounds) worldly; profane; secular
    人情世故 ― rénqíngshìgù ― ways of the world
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (generation): 代 (dài)
* (for many generations):
* 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
* 仍世 (réngshì) (literary)
* 代代 (dàidài) (literary)
* 祖代 (zǔdài) (literary)
* 累世 (lěishì) (literary)
* 累代 (lěidài) (literary)
* (lifetime):
* 一世 (yīshì)
* 一生 (yīshēng)
* 一生一世 (yīshēngyīshì)
* 一輩子 / 一辈子 (yībèizi) (colloquial)
* 平生 (píngshēng)
* 永世 (yǒngshì)
* 永生 (yǒngshēng)
* 沒世 / 没世 (mòshì)
* 生平 (shēngpíng)
* 畢生 / 毕生 (bìshēng)
* 終生 / 终生 (zhōngshēng)
* 終身 / 终身 (zhōngshēn)
* 輩 / 辈 (bèi)
* 輩子 / 辈子 (bèizi)
* (era):
* 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
* 光陰 / 光阴 (Dungan)
* 年代 (niándài)
* 年候兒 / 年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 年歲 / 年岁 (niánsuì)
* 年華 / 年华 (niánhuá)
* 時代 / 时代 (shídài)
* 時期 / 时期 (shíqī)
* 朝代 (cháodài)
* 歲月 / 岁月 (suìyuè)
* (world):
* 世界 (shìjiè)
* 區宇 / 区宇 (qūyǔ) (literary, figurative)
* 四國 / 四国 (sìguó) (literary)
* 四海 (sìhǎi) (literary, figurative)
* 域中 (yùzhōng) (literary)
* 天下 (tiānxià) (literary, figurative)
* 天跤下 (Hokkien, figurative)
* 宇內 / 宇内 (yǔnèi) (literary, figurative)
* 薄海 (bóhǎi) (literary, figurative)
* (dynasty):
* 上國 / 上国 (shàngguó) (as termed by vassal states)
* 中國 / 中国 (zhōngguó) (archaic)
* 公家 (gōngjiā)
* 公庭 (gōngtíng)
* 國家 / 国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
* 朝廷 (cháotíng)
* 王室 (wángshì)
* 王家 (wángjiā)
* 王朝 (wángcháo)
* 皇室 (huángshì)
* 皇朝 (huángcháo)

### Compounds

* 一世 (yīshì)
* 上世 (shàngshì)
* 三世 (sānshì)
* 下世 (xiàshì)
* 上新世 (Shàngxīnshì)
* 不世 (bùshì)
* 不偶世
* 世上 (shìshàng)
* 世世代代 (shìshìdàidài)
* 世主 (shìzhǔ)
* 世事 (shìshì)
* 世交 (shìjiāo)
* 世人 (shìrén)
* 世仇 (shìchóu)
* 世代 (shìdài)
* 世伯 (shìbó)
* 世侄 (shìzhí)
* 世依
* 世俗 (shìsú)
* 世傳 / 世传 (shìchuán)
* 世儒
* 世兄 (shìxiōng)
* 世典
* 世務 / 世务 (shìwù)
* 世及
* 世叔
* 世味
* 世嗣宦族
* 世外桃源 (shìwàitáoyuán)
* 世好
* 世婦 / 世妇 (shìfù)
* 世子 (shìzǐ)
* 世家 (shìjiā)
* 世尊 (Shìzūn)
* 世局 (shìjú)
* 世居 (shìjū)
* 世弟
* 世德 (shìdé)
* 世恩錄 / 世恩录
* 世情 (shìqíng)
* 世態 / 世态 (shìtài)
* 世故 (shìgù)
* 世教
* 世新大學 / 世新大学
* 世族 (shìzú)
* 世業 / 世业 (shìyè)
* 世母
* 世法
* 世海他人
* 世父 (shìfù)
* 世牒
* 世界 (shìjiè)
* 世系 (shìxì)
* 世紀 / 世纪 (shìjì)
* 世綵堂 / 世彩堂
* 世胙
* 世胄 (shìzhòu)
* 世臺 / 世台
* 世表
* 世衰道微 (shìshuāidàowēi)
* 世襲 / 世袭 (shìxí)
* 世說新語 / 世说新语 (Shìshuōxīnyǔ)
* 世誼 / 世谊
* 世論 / 世论 (shìlùn)
* 世講 / 世讲
* 世譜 / 世谱
* 世變 / 世变 (shìbiàn)
* 世貿中心 / 世贸中心
* 世路
* 世運 / 世运 (Shìyùn)
* 世道 (shìdào)
* 世醫 / 世医 (shìyī)
* 世間 / 世间 (shìjiān)
* 世面 (shìmiàn)
* 世風 / 世风 (shìfēng)
* 並世 / 并世 (bìngshì)
* 中世 (Zhōngshì)
* 中新世
* 九世之仇 (jiǔshìzhīchóu)
* 亂世 / 乱世 (luànshì)
* 二世 (èrshì)
* 五世其昌
* 五濁惡世 / 五浊恶世
* 人世 (rénshì)
* 今世 (jīnshì)
* 來世 / 来世 (láishì)
* 偷世竊名 / 偷世窃名
* 傲世 (àoshì)
* 傾世 / 倾世 (qīngshì)
* 傳世 / 传世 (chuánshì)
* 元世祖
* 先世 (xiānshì)
* 入世 (rùshì)
* 兩世姻緣 / 两世姻缘
* 公諸於世 / 公诸于世 (gōngzhūyúshì)
* 再世 (zàishì)
* 冠世之才
* 出世 (chūshì)
* 前世 (qiánshì)
* 創世 / 创世 (chuàngshì)
* 勸世 / 劝世 (quànshì)
* 化世
* 半世 (bànshì)
* 即世 (jíshì)
* 厭世 / 厌世 (yànshì)
* 厲世摩鈍 / 厉世摩钝
* 去世 (qùshì)
* 叔世 (shūshì)
* 古新世
* 名世
* 命世 (mìngshì)
* 問世 / 问世 (wènshì)
* 喻世明言
* 在世 (zàishì)
* 塵世 / 尘世 (chénshì)
* 夙世冤家
* 夙世因緣 / 夙世因缘
* 大同之世
* 夷世
* 奕世
* 媚世 (mèishì)
* 季世 (jìshì)
* 家世 (jiāshì)
* 宿世
* 就世
* 希世 (xīshì)
* 平世
* 幻世
* 度世
* 後世 / 后世 (hòushì)
* 御世 (yùshì)
* 忿世嫉俗
* 忿世嫉邪
* 怨世罵時 / 怨世骂时
* 惑世盜名 / 惑世盗名
* 慢世
* 憤世 / 愤世
* 應世 / 应世
* 才為世出 / 才为世出
* 故世 (gùshì)
* 救世 (jiùshì)
* 敦世厲俗 / 敦世厉俗
* 明世 (míngshì)
* 時世 / 时世 (shíshì)
* 時移世易 / 时移世易 (shíyíshìyì)
* 時移世異 / 时移世异
* 時移世變 / 时移世变
* 晚世
* 晻世 / 暗世
* 暮世
* 曠世 / 旷世 (kuàngshì)
* 曲學阿世 / 曲学阿世 (qūxué'ēshì)
* 末世 (mòshì)
* 棄世 / 弃世 (qìshì)
* 欺世亂俗 / 欺世乱俗
* 欺世惑俗
* 欺世盜名 / 欺世盗名 (qīshìdàomíng)
* 欺世罔俗
* 欺世釣譽 / 欺世钓誉
* 永世 (yǒngshì)
* 沒世 / 没世 (mòshì)
* 泉世 (quánshì)
* 治世 (zhìshì)
* 流傳於世 / 流传于世
* 洪積世 / 洪积世
* 浮世 (fúshì)
* 涉世 (shèshì)
* 淑世
* 清世 (qīngshì)
* 混世魔王
* 渾世 / 浑世
* 濁世 / 浊世 (zhuóshì)
* 濟世 / 济世 (jìshì)
* 濟時拯世 / 济时拯世
* 無補於世 / 无补于世
* 玩世 (wánshì)
* 現世 / 现世 (xiànshì)
* 生生世世 (shēngshēngshìshì)
* 用世
* 當世 / 当世 (dāngshì)
* 疾世憤俗 / 疾世愤俗
* 百世 (bǎishì)
* 盛世 (shèngshì)
* 盜名欺世 / 盗名欺世 (qīshìdàomíng)
* 盡世 / 尽世
* 知人論世 / 知人论世
* 矯世 / 矫世
* 萬世 / 万世 (wànshì)
* 稀世 (xīshì)
* 立世
* 累世 (lěishì)
* 絕世 / 绝世 (juéshì)
* 經世 / 经世 (jīngshì)
* 緯世 / 纬世
* 繫世 / 系世
* 老世陳 / 老世陈 (Lǎoshìchén)
* 聞名於世 / 闻名于世 (wénmíngyúshì)
* 背世
* 與世俯仰 / 与世俯仰
* 與世偃仰 / 与世偃仰
* 與世沉浮 / 与世沉浮
* 與世浮沉 / 与世浮沉
* 與世無爭 / 与世无争 (yǔshìwúzhēng)
* 與世長辭 / 与世长辞 (yǔshìchángcí)
* 與世靡爭 / 与世靡争
* 舉世 / 举世 (jǔshì)
* 華胥世 / 华胥世
* 蓋世 / 盖世 (gàishì)
* 處世 / 处世 (chǔshì)
* 衰世
* 見世報 / 见世报
* 覺世 / 觉世
* 觀世音 / 观世音 (Guānshìyīn)
* 詭辭欺世 / 诡辞欺世
* 謝世 / 谢世 (xièshì)
* 譁世取寵 / 哗世取宠
* 警世 (jǐngshì)
* 超世之才
* 超世拔俗
* 超世絕俗 / 超世绝俗
* 超世絕倫 / 超世绝伦
* 身世 (shēnshì)
* 輕世傲物 / 轻世傲物
* 轉世 / 转世 (zhuǎnshì)
* 辟世
* 辭世 / 辞世 (císhì)
* 近世 (jìnshì)
* 迍邅之世
* 逃世
* 逢世
* 逝世 (shìshì)
* 逸世超群
* 過世 / 过世 (guòshì)
* 遁世 (dùnshì)
* 違世遁俗 / 违世遁俗
* 遯世 / 遁世
* 遺世 / 遗世 (yíshì)
* 避世 (bìshì)
* 邁世 / 迈世
* 邪世 (xiéshì)
* 醒世 (xǐngshì)
* 重世
* 釣名欺世 / 钓名欺世
* 長世 / 长世
* 閱世 / 阅世
* 降世 (jiàngshì)
* 陰世 / 阴世
* 陽世 / 阳世 (yángshì)
* 隔世 (géshì)
* 隨世沉浮 / 随世沉浮
* 離世 / 离世 (líshì)
* 面世 (miànshì)
* 風世勵俗 / 风世励俗
* 驚世駭俗 / 惊世骇俗 (jīngshìhàisú)
* 高世

### References

* “世”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: せ (se, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
* Kun: よ (yo, 世, Jōyō)
* Nanori: とし (toshi)、ゆ (yu)、ゆき (yuki)

#### Compounds

* 世(せ)界(かい) (sekai)
* 世(せい)紀(き) (seiki)
* 世(せ)辞(じ) (seji)
* 永(えい)世(せい) (eisei)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 世
* よ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 代
⟨yo$_2$⟩ → /yo/
From Old Japanese, pronunciation is distinct from 夜 (/⁠yo$_1$⁠/, “night, nighttime”).
Change in meaning of 節 (yo), in the sense of the bamboos and reeds bulging at certain intervals.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よ [yóꜜ] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) よ [yò] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞]

#### Noun

世(よ) • (yo)
* world, society
* this world, this life
    Synonym: 俗世間 (zoku seken)
* (archaic) generation, age, era
* lifetime
    Synonym: 一生 (isshō)
* lifespan
    Synonym: 寿命 (jumyō)
* time of year, season
    Synonyms: 時節 (jisetsu), 時期 (jiki), 折 (ori)
* relationship between a man and a woman (Can we verify this sense?)
* period of a person leading as a patriarch (Can we verify this sense?)

##### Derived terms

* 神(かみ)世(よ) (kamiyo)
* 君(きみ)が代(よ) (kimi ga yo)
* 世(よ)の中(なか) (yo no naka)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 世
* せい Grade: 3
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 世 (MC syejH). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Counter

世(せい) • (-sei)
* generation
    ルパン三(さん)世(せい)
       Rupan-sansei
       Lupin the Third

#### Suffix

世(せい) • (-sei)
* (geology) epoch

#### Proper noun

世(せい) • (Sei)
* a female given name

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 世 (MC syejH).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 솅〮 (Yale: syéy) | 솅〮 (Yale: syéy) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 누리〮 (Yale: nwùlí) | 셰〯 (Yale: syěy) |
| Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 인간 (Yale: inkan) | 셰 (Yale: syey) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰe̞(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [세(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 世 (eumhun 인간(人間) 세)
* hanja form of 세 (“world”)
* hanja form of 세 (“lineage; generation”)

#### Compounds

* 세가 (世家, sega)
* 세간 (世間, segan)
* 세계 (世界, segye)
* 세기 (世紀, segi)
* 세대 (世代, sedae)
* 세도 (世道, sedo)
* 세로 (世路, sero)
* 세사 (世事, sesa)
* 세상 (世上, sesang)
* 세상 (世相, sesang)
* 세속 (世俗, sesok)
* 세습 (世襲, seseup)
* 세자 (世子, seja)
* 세정 (世情, sejeong)
* 세조 (世祖, Sejo)
* 세종 (世宗, Sejong)
* 세칭 (世稱, seching)
* 세태 (世態, setae)
* 세파 (世波, sepa)
* 세평 (世評, sepyeong)
* 개세 (慨世, gaese)
* 개세 (蓋世, gaese)
* 거세 (擧世, geose)
* 격세 (隔世, gyeokse)
* 경세 (經世, gyeongse)
* 근세 (近世, geunse)
* 금세 (今世, geumse)
* 기세 (棄世, gise)
* 기세 (欺世, gise)
* 난세/란세 (亂世, nanse/ranse)
* 내세/래세 (來世, naese/raese)
* 누세/루세 (累世, nuse/ruse)
* 도세 (渡世, dose)
* 돈세 (遯世, donse)
* 둔세 (遁世, dunse)
* 별세 (別世, byeolse)
* 사세 (斯世, sase)
* 섭세 (涉世, seopse)
* 성세 (盛世, seongse)
* 속세 (俗世, sokse)
* 시세 (時世, sise)
* 신세 (身世, sinse)
* 아세 (阿世, ase)
* 염세 (厭世, yeomse)
* 위세 (緯世, wise)
* 이세 (二世, ise)
* 일세 (一世, ilse)
* 절세 (絶世, jeolse)
* 제세 (濟世, jese)
* 조세 (早世, jose)
* 중세 (中世, jungse)
* 진세 (塵世, jinse)
* 처세 (處世, cheose)
* 치세 (治世, chise)
* 피세 (避世, pise)
* 행세 (行世, haengse)
* 혁세 (奕世, hyeokse)
* 현세 (現世, hyeonse)
* 후세 (後世, huse)
* 희세 (希世, huise)
* 희세 (稀世, huise)
* 세계관 (世界觀, segyegwan)
* 세계어 (世界語, segyeeo)
* 세계적 (世界的, segyejeok)
* 세기말 (世紀末, segimal)
* 세상사 (世上事, sesangsa)
* 세속적 (世俗的, sesokjeok)
* 관세음 (觀世音, gwanseeum)
* 구세군 (救世軍, gusegun)
* 구세주 (救世主, guseju)
* 불세출 (不世出, bulsechul)
* 신세대 (新世代, sinsedae)
* 왕세손 (王世孫, wangseson)
* 왕세자 (王世子, wangseja)
* 은세계 (銀世界, eunsegye)
* 일세기 (一世紀, ilsegi)
* 창세기 (創世記, changsegi)
* 처세술 (處世術, cheosesul)
* 처세훈 (處世訓, cheosehun)
* 기개세 (氣蓋世, gigaese)
* 여세마둔 (厲世摩鈍, yeosemadun)
* 염세주의 (厭世主義, yeomsejuui)
* 기성세대 (旣成世代, giseongsedae)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): し (shi)
* Kun: ゆー (yū, 世)

#### Compounds

* アメリカ世(ゆー) (amerika-yū): American era or rule over the Okinawan Islands
* 戦(いくさ)世(ゆー) (ikusayū): wartime, war era, war period
* 世(し)界(けー) (shikē): world, society
* 大和(やまとぅ)世(ゆー) (yamatu-yū): Japanese era or rule over the Okinawan Islands

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 世
* ゆー Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
Cognate with mainland Japanese 世 (yo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [juː]

### Noun

世(ゆー) (yū)
* age, era, period, time; rule
* world, society

#### Derived terms

* アメリカ世(ゆー) (amerika-yū): American era or rule over the Okinawan Islands
* 戦(いくさ)世(ゆー) (ikusayū): wartime, war era, war period
* 大和(やまとぅ)世(ゆー) (yamatu-yū): Japanese era or rule over the Okinawan Islands

### References

* “ゆー【世】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

世: Hán Việt readings: thế
世: Nôm readings: thế, thá, thé, thể

### Noun

世
* chữ Hán form of thế (“(only in compounds) era, time, generation”).

#### Derived terms

* 世界 (thế giới)
* 世系 (thế hệ)
* 世紀 (thế kỷ/thế kỉ)
* 世間 (thế gian)

### References

* Nom Foundation