# 넷

| 넷 | U+B137, &#45367; HANGUL SYLLABLE NES |
| Composition: | ㄴ + ㅔ + ㅅ |
| ← 넶 [U+B136] | Hangul Syllables | 넸 → [U+B138] |
네넥넦넧넨넩넪 넫넬넭넮넯넰넱 넲넳넴넵넶넷넸 넹넺넻넼넽넾넿 :
| 너 ← | → 녀 |

## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 네 (ne) (for counters)

### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 넷 (net).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nes⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [net̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [넫]

### Numeral

넷 (net)
* four

#### Synonyms

* ᄉᆞ (saw) (四)

#### See also

* 마은 (ma'eun, “forty”)

### References

* “넷” in Jeju's culture and language, Digital museum.

## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 넿〯 (Yale: něyh). A form similar to the Middle Korean is first attested in the twelfth-century Jilin leishi, which gives the Korean word for "four" as */nai/.
Beyond the Leishi, the reconstruction of the ancestral Koreanic root for "four" is difficult, although Alexander Vovin posits *neki as the direct antecedent (via metathesis) of Middle Korean něyh, on the strength of the Middle Korean form 넉〯 (Yale: něk, “four”, determiner form taken before certain classifiers). See a list of relevant attestations and forms in Appendix:Historical Koreanic numerals#Four.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ne̞(ː)t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [넫(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Numeral

넷 • (net)
* (native numeral) four (as a noun)
    Synonym: 사(四) (“four”, Sino-Korean numeral)

#### Usage notes

In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.
The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.
Native classifiers take native numerals.
* 개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
* 나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)
Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.
* 종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
* 이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
* 서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)
Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.
* 일 킬로미터 (il killomiteo, “one kilometer”, Sino-Korean numeral)
For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.
* 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
* 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)
When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.
* 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
* 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)
While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.

#### Related terms

* 네 (ne, “four”, determiner)
* 너 (neo, “four”, determiner before certain words, fossilized)
* 넉 (neok, “four”, determiner before certain words, fossilized)

#### See also

* 마흔 (maheun, “forty”)

### References

* ↑ Vovin, Alexander (2010) Koreo-Japonica: A Re-Evaluation of a Common Genetic Origin, University of Hawai’i Press, →ISBN, →JSTOR, page 181