# 叚

| 叚 | U+53DA, &#21466; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53DA |
| ← 叙 [U+53D9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 叛 → [U+53DB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

叚 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口尸尸水 (RSSE) or 口卜尸水 (RYSE), four-corner 7724$_7$, composition ⿰⿸⿰丨コ𠄠⿱コ又)

#### Derived characters

* 假, 婽, 徦, 溊, 猳, 暇, 腵, 椵, 煆, 犌, 瑕, 遐, 睱, 碬, 嘏, 蝦, 豭, 貑, 赮, 鍜, 騢, 鰕(𫚥), 葭, 霞, 麚

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 166, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3165
* Dae Jaweon: page 378, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 398, character 4
* Unihan data for U+53DA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 叚 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 葭 | *kraː |
| 麚 | *kraː |
| 瘕 | *kraː, *kraːʔ |
| 豭 | *kraː |
| 貑 | *kraː |
| 猳 | *kraː |
| 犌 | *kraː |
| 假 | *kraːʔ, *kraːs |
| 嘏 | *kraːʔ |
| 婽 | *kraːʔ |
| 椵 | *kraːʔ |
| 叚 | *kraːʔ |
| 蝦 | *qʰraː, *ɡraː |
| 煆 | *qʰraː, *qʰraːs |
| 霞 | *ɡraː |
| 遐 | *ɡraː |
| 瑕 | *ɡraː |
| 鰕 | *ɡraː |
| 碬 | *ɡraː |
| 蕸 | *ɡraː |
| 赮 | *ɡraː |
| 鍜 | *ɡraː |
| 騢 | *ɡraː |
| 暇 | *ɡraːs |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 爪 (“hand”) + 又 (“hand”) + 石 (“stone”). The stone indicates the ancient pronunciation, while the hands indicate the original concept of "borrowing". A conservative variant is 𠭊. Most of the character is identical to 段.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǎ (jia$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎ
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jea
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kaeX
Rime :
| Character | 叚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古疋切 |
| Baxter | kaeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠa$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚa$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ka$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ka$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ka$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ka$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiǎ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaa$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.kˤraʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 叚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiǎ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.kˁraʔ/ |
| English | borrow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 叚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5960 |
| Phonetic component | 叚 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 檟 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraːʔ/ |
| Notes | 金文象手執石而指點其斑點， 爲瑕初文 |

#### Definitions

叚
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 假 (jiǎ, “to borrow”).

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiá (xia$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siá
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^2$
*** Yale: syá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä³⁵/

#### Definitions

叚
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 瑕 (xiá)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 遐 (xiá)
* a surname

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): か (ka)、け (ke)、げ (ge)
* Kun: かりる (kariru)、かす (kasu)

## Korean
### Hanja

叚 (eum 가 (ga))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

叚: Hán Nôm readings: giả
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation