# تار
## Khalaj
### Adjective

تار (târ)
* Arabic spelling of târ (“narrow, tight”)

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɒːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰɔɾ]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /⁠tār⁠/, “darkness”), from Proto-Iranian *támHsram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *támHsram, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.
Cognate to Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Pashto تور (tor, “black”), Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Latin tenebrae.

#### Adjective

تار • (târ)
* dark; obscure; dim
    هوای تار ― havâ-ye târ ― dark sky; dark weather
* bleary; dim
* faint; unclear

##### Related terms

* تاریک (târik)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *tánθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tántram, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”); see there for further information. Cognate to tantra.

#### Noun

تار • (târ) (plural تارها (târ-hâ))
* string; cord
    Synonym: رشته (rešte)
* warp
    Coordinate term: پود (pud)
* tar (a classical musical instrument of Persia)

##### Derived terms

* تار عنکبوت (târ-e ankabut, “spiderweb”)
* تار و پود (târ o pud, “warp and weft; basic structure”)

##### Descendants

* → English: tar
* → Hindi: तार (tār)
* → Armenian: թառ (tʻaṙ)
* → Uyghur: تار (tar)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic ثَارَ (ṯāra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taːr/, [tɑːrˤ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

تار • (tār) I (present بتور (bitūr))
* to rebel, to revolt

#### Conjugation
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَار (tār). First attested in c. 1657 as Middle Hindi تار (tar /⁠tār⁠/).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t̪ɑːɾ/
* Rhymes: -ɑːɾ

### Noun

تار • (tār) m (Hindi spelling तार)
* cord, wire
* (technology) cable
* (dated) telegraph
* string, thread
* (music) cord, wire (of an instrument)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “تار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “تار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “تار”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]

## Uyghur
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɑr/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *tār. Cognates with Turkish dar.

#### Adjective

تار • (tar)
* narrow, cramped
* tight, taut

### Etymology 2

From Persian تار (târ)

#### Noun

تار • (tar) (plural تارلار (tarlar))
* string, cord

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ta:r”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 528
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*d(i)ār”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

### Further reading

* Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN