# chapa
## Galician
### Etymology 1

Attested since the 14th century.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃapa̝/

#### Noun

chapa f (plural chapas)
* sheet or leaf of metal
* plate
    Synonym: placa

##### Derived terms

* chapar

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “chapa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “chapa”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “chapa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “chapa”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chapa”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

chapa
* inflection of chapar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Ladino
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish چاپه (çapa).

### Noun

chapa f (Hebrew spelling ג׳אפה)
* pickaxe
    Synonym: kavakadura
** 1997, Moshé Ha-Elión, Aki Yerushalayim‎, numbers 56–58, page 55:Lavora kon la pala, kavaka kon la chapa, S’aboka, s’alevanta, el día no s’eskapa![Somebody] works with the shovel, digs with the pickax; he bends, he rises, the day doesn’t end!
* hoe
    Synonym: asadón

#### Derived terms

* chapozo (“with protruding, ugly front teeth”)

### References

* ↑ “chapa”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃa.pɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃa.pɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃa.pa/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃa.pɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃa.pɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃa.pɐ/
* Homophone: Chapa
* Rhymes: -apɐ
* Hyphenation: cha‧pa

### Etymology 1

Uncertain. Possibly from French chape, chappe, from Latin cappa (“cape”), or from a root *klapa.

#### Noun

chapa f (plural chapas)
* plate (flat piece of metal)
** license plate (an identifying plate attached to a vehicle)
    Synonym: placa
** (cooking) a heated metal plate used to cook food, a flat-top
* (informal) X-ray (photograph made with X-rays)
    Synonyms: raio X, radiografia
* (politics) ticket (two or more people, often in the same party, running together in an election)

##### Derived terms

* chapar

#### Noun

chapa m (plural chapas)
* (Brazil, colloquial) mate; pal; buddy (term of address for a friend)
    Synonyms: cara, mano, colega, parceiro, amigo
* (Brazil) a person who helps truck drivers find locations and exchange cargos

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

chapa
* inflection of chapar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### References

* ↑ “chapa”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* ↑ “chapa”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* ↑ “chapa”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “chapa”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃapa/ [ˈt͡ʃa.pa]
* Rhymes: -apa
* Syllabification: cha‧pa

### Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic.

#### Noun

chapa f (plural chapas)
* veneer
* plating
** (Rioplatense, Cuba) license plate
    Synonym: matrícula
** (informal) crown cap
* (Latin America) lock
* badge
** (colloquial, Ecuador) police officer
* (Bolivia, Peru) nickname
* (Nicaragua) earring
* (Philippines, historical) a safe-conduct
* (climbing) bolt
* (colloquial, Venezuela) insistent jesting to where it may cause annoyance

##### Derived terms

* chapeta
* dar la chapa

##### Related terms

* chapar
* chape
* chapeado

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: xapa

##### See also

* apodo m
* insignia f
* mote m
* pin m
* piocha f
* sobrenombre m

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

chapa f (plural chapas)
* female equivalent of chapo

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

chapa
* inflection of chapar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### References

* ↑ Valdez, Euden (2013 August 17) “The Passport Through History”, in The Sunday Times Magazine‎, The Manila Times, archived from the original on 23 August 2018

### Further reading

* “chapa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-chapa (infinitive kuchapa)
* to beat, hit
* to print
* (sports) to defeat

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -chapa :
| Positive present | -nachapa |
| Subjunctive | -chape |
| Negative | -chapi |
| Imperative singular | chapa |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kuchapa |
| Negative | kutochapa |
Imperatives :
| Singular | chapa |
| Plural | chapeni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | huchapa |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lichapa |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kuchapa |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tachapa |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tachapa |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sichape |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngechapa |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singechapa |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalichapa |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalichapa |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mechapa |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshachapa |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jachapa |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kichapa |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipochapa |
| Consecutive | kachapa / positive subject concord + -kachapa |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kachape |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Applicative: -chapia
** Causative: -chapisha
** Passive: -chapwa
** Reciprocal: -chapana
** Other formations: -chapa kazi (“to work hard”)
* Nominal derivations:
** mchapaji (“printer”)
** uchapaji (“printing”)

### Noun

chapa class IX (plural chapa class X)
* print
* mark, trademark, brand
    Synonym: rajamu
* mark, design