# 娣

| 娣 | U+5A23, &#23075; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A23 |
| ← 娢 [U+5A22] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 娤 → [U+5A24] |

## Translingual
### Han character

娣 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女金弓竹 (VCNH), four-corner 4842$_7$, composition ⿰女弟)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 263, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6329
* Dae Jaweon: page 529, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1053, character 14
* Unihan data for U+5A23

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 梯 | *tʰiːl |
| 睇 | *tʰiːl, *diːls |
| 涕 | *tʰiːlʔ, *tʰiːls |
| 挮 | *tʰiːlʔ |
| 鬀 | *tʰiːls, *diːls |
| 剃 | *tʰiːls |
| 綈 | *diːl |
| 蕛 | *diːl |
| 稊 | *diːl |
| 苐 | *diːl |
| 鵜 | *diːl |
| 銻 | *diːl |
| 鮷 | *diːl |
| 罤 | *diːl |
| 弟 | *diːlʔ, *diːls |
| 娣 | *diːlʔ, *diːls |
| 悌 | *diːlʔ, *diːls |
| 第 | *diːls |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “young family member”).

### Etymology

Same word as 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “younger brother”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dì (di$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dai$^6$ / tai$^5$ / tai$^6$ / tai$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dì
*** Wade–Giles: ti$^4$
*** Yale: dì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
*** Palladius: ди (di)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dai$^6$ / tai$^5$ / tai$^6$ / tai$^3$
*** Yale: daih / táih / taih / tai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dai$^6$ / tai$^5$ / tai$^6$ / tai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dei$^6$ / tei$^5$ / tei$^6$ / tei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐi̯²²/, /tʰɐi̯¹³/, /tʰɐi̯²²/, /tʰɐi̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: dejX, dejH
Rime :
| Character | 娣 | 娣 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 徒禮切 | 特計切 |
| Baxter | dejX | dejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dei$^X$/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dei$^X$/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɛi$^X$/ | /dɛi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛj$^X$/ | /dɛj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dei$^X$/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /diei$^X$/ | /diei$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱiei$^X$/ | /dʱiei$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dì | dì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dai$^6$ | dai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤəjʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*diːlʔ/, /*diːls/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 娣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dej$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁəjʔ/ |
| English | younger secondary wife |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 娣 | 娣 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2295 | 2302 |
| Phonetic component | 弟 | 弟 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 弟 | 第 |
| Old Chinese | /*diːlʔ/ | /*diːls/ |

### Definitions

娣
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) younger of two women married to a man; (in general) concubine of a man
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) younger sister
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) wife of husband's younger brother
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mother's younger sister
* a surname
* Used in female given name to symbolize parents' hope that she will have a younger brother.
    招娣 ― Zhāodì ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    引娣 ― Yǐndì ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### Compounds

* 內娣 / 内娣
* 姒娣
* 娣姒
* 娣婦 / 娣妇

### References

* “娣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* younger sister
* sister-in-law

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): てい (tei)、だい (dai)
* Kun: いもうと (imōto)、おば (oba)

## Korean
### Hanja

娣 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che)
* younger sister
* sister-in-law

## Vietnamese
### Han character

娣: Hán Nôm readings: đệ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation