# bapa
## Balinese
### Romanization

bapa
* Romanization of ᬩᬧ.

## Banjarese
### Etymology

M. Asfandi Adul hypothesizes an ultimately Dravidian source (compare Tamil அப்பா (appā)), with a native b- element descended from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aba. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

### Noun

bapa
* father

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Blagar
### Noun

bapa
* crocodile

### References

* A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1

## Ilocano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay bapa.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧pa
* IPA: /ˈbapa/

### Noun

bapa
* (usually Ilocos Norte, dialectal) term of respect for a (male) person one generation older than the speaker

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay bapa, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?]. Doublet of Bapa and bapak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈbapa/ [ˈba.pa]
* Rhymes: -apa
* Syllabification: ba‧pa
* Homophone: Bapa

### Noun

bapa (plural bapa-bapa)
* (obsolete) father
* (obsolete) mister, sir

#### Related terms

* bapak

### Further reading

* “bapa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

bapa
* Romanization of ꦧꦥ

## Kapampangan
### Noun

bapa
* uncle

## Malay
### Etymology

From Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) +‎ apak (“father”), which is a cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”), and comparable to modern ber- +‎ apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [ba.pə]
** Audio (Malaysia, Johor-Riau):(file)
** Rhymes: -pə, -ə
* (Baku) IPA: [ba.pa]
** Rhymes: -pa, -a
* Hyphenation: ba‧pa

### Noun

bapa (Jawi spelling باڤ, plural bapa-bapa, informal 1st possessive bapaku, 2nd possessive bapamu, 3rd possessive bapanya)
* A father:
** A male parent.
    bapa Daniel ― Daniel's father
** The founder of a cause, movement and so on.
    Bapa Kemerdekaan ― Father of Independence
* An uncle (male sibling of parent).
* A form of address to an older male person.

#### Synonyms

(male parent):
* ayah (ayahanda, aya, yah)
* abah (aba, bah)
* rama

#### Affixations

* berbapa
* berbapakan
* kebapaan
* sebapa

#### Compounds

* bapa angkat (“adoptive father”)
* bapa ayam
* bapa balar
* bapa besar
* bapa cik, bapa kecil, bapa muda
* bapa saudara (“uncle”)
* bapa Suci (“pope”)
* bapa tiri (“stepfather”)
* bapa tunggal (“single father”)

#### Related terms

* baba
* bapai
* bapak
* bapanda
* bapang
* papa

#### See also

* Bapa (“God”) (Christianity)

### References

* ↑ Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

### Further reading

* “bapa” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “باڤق bapak”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 43
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “باڤ bapa”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages 81-2
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “bapa”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 85

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Possibly borrowed from Malay bapa, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Compare Kapampangan bapa. See also Kapampangan ibpa.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈbapa/ [ˈbaː.pɐ]
* Rhymes: -apa
* Syllabification: ba‧pa

#### Noun

bapa (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜉ) (obsolete)
* father
    Synonyms: ama, tatay
* (Laguna) grandfather
    Synonyms: lolo, nuno, (dialectal) amba, (archaic) abwelo
* term of address for a male person regardless of age

##### Usage notes

* Used by children to refer to their father but may be used as an insult by other people.

##### Derived terms

* bapahin
* magpabapahan
* mambapa
* mapabapa
* pagbapahan
* talapak ni bapa mo
* utin ni bapa mo

#### See also

* mama

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /baˈpa/ [bɐˈpa]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ba‧pa

#### Particle

bapá (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜉ)
* an indication of admiration: oh!
    Synonym: aya
    Ganda mo bapa!Oh how beautiful you are!
    Tamis bapa nito a!Oh how sweet is this!
    Pagkahayop mo bapa a!Oh what a big animal you are!
    Katiisan bapa nang loob niya a!Oh how enduring is his will!

##### Usage notes

* Sometimes used with particle a.

#### See also

* aba

### Further reading

* “bapa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 104.
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835) Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎ (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila
** page 25: “Admirarſe) Bapa (pc) [de algo] que oye o ve, pronunciãdo eſta palabra, poſpueſta . vt. ſacqit bapaa, o que gran dolor”
** page 50: “Amado) Bapa (pp) nombre regalado de mayor a menor”
** page 444: “Niñico) Bapa (pp) regalandoſe con algun niño”
** page 448: “O) Bapa (pc) adver) de admiraçion, vt. galing bapa, o que co}a tambuena”
** page 458: “Padre) Bapa (pp) nombre regalado con q̃ le nombra el hijo pero dicho por otro es afrenta”
** page 507: “Querido) Bapa (pp) palabra regalada a niños”