OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# خيل
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xajl/

### Noun

خَيْل • (ḵayl) f (collective, plural خُيُول (ḵuyūl) or أَخْيَال (ʔaḵyāl))
* horses

#### Declension
### Noun

خَيْل • (ḵayl) m
* verbal noun of خَالَ (ḵāla) (form I)

#### Declension
### Verb

خَيَّلَ • (ḵayyala) II (non-past يُخَيِّلُ (yuḵayyilu), verbal noun تَخْيِيل (taḵyīl))
* to make believe, to pretend, to suggest

#### Conjugation
### Verb

خُيِّلَ • (ḵuyyila) II (passive-only, non-past يُخَيَّلُ (yuḵayyalu), verbal noun تَخْيِيل (taḵyīl))
* to imagine, to fancy, to think
    خُيِّلَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْḵuyyila ʔilayhi ʔanhe imagined, fancied, thought that; it seemed, it appeared to him that …
** 1901, إِبْرَاهِيم اليَازِجِيّ [ʔibrāhīm al-yāzijiyy], لغة الجرائد‎, Windsor, UK: Hindawi Foundation, published 2020, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2024-02-17, page 12:ومن ذلك قولهم: يخال لي أن الأمر كذا بفتح الياء أو ضمها على أن الفعل مجرَّد أو من باب أفعل مبنيًّا للمجهول، وكلاهما غير صواب؛ لأن خال المجرَّد لا يكون إلا متعديًا؛ تقول: خلت الأمر كذا ولا تقول خال لي الأمر، وأخال لا يكون إلا لازمًا؛ تقول: أخال الأمرُ إخالةً: إذا اشتبه والتبس، وهو أمرٌ مُخيل. والصواب: يُخيَّل إليَّ أن الأمر كذا، من باب التفعيل، وقد خُيِّل إليَّ أنه كذا بالبناء فيهما للمجهول.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic خَيْل (ḵayl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xeːl/, [xe̞ːl]

#### Noun

خيل • (ḵēl) m (collective, plural خيول (ḵiyūl))
* (collective) horses
    Synonym: أحصنة (ʔaḥṣina)

#### Noun

خيل • (ḵēl) m (plural خِيُول (ḵiyūl))
* (informal) horse
    Synonym: حُصان (ḥuṣān)

#### Usage notes

The word is also often used as singular with خيول (ḵiyūl) being the plural form.

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic خَيْل (ḵayl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xeːl/, [xeːl]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

خيل • (ḵēl) f (collective)
* (collective) horses
    Synonyms: حصونة (ḥṣūne), حصن (ḥuson)
# حشر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħa.ʃa.ra/

#### Verb

حَشَرَ • (ḥašara) I (non-past يَحْشُرُ (yaḥšuru) or يَحْشِرُ (yaḥširu), verbal noun حَشْر (ḥašr))
* to gather, to assemble, to unite (transitive)
* to raise for the last judgment
* to expel, to banish
* to destroy
* to work out elaborately
* to press, to compress, to pile up, to heap up
    حَشَرَتِ ٱلسِّكِّينَ إِلَى ٱللَّحْمِḥašarati s-sikkīna ʔilā l-laḥmiShe thrust the knife into the meat.
    لَا تَحْشُرْ أَنْفَكَ فِي أَمْرِيlā taḥšur ʔanfaka fī ʔamrīDon't put your nose in my business.
* to intermeddle, to intrigue
* (passive voice) to be dead

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Verbal noun of حَشَرَ (ḥašara).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħaʃr/

#### Noun

حَشْر • (ḥašr) m
* verbal noun of حَشَرَ (ḥašara) (form I)
* gathering, assembling (of people)
* jamming
* (Islam) rising from the dead and assembling for judgement

##### Descendants

* → Persian: حشر
* → Ottoman Turkish: حشر (haşr)
** Turkish: haşir

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حشر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ha.ʃaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hä.ʃäɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hä.ʃäɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.ʃäɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.ʃäɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [hæ.ʃæɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [hä.ʃäɾ]

### Noun

حشر • (hašar)
* strong, accumulated sexual urge

#### Derived terms

* حَشَری (hašari, “horny”)
# افتتح
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /if.ta.ta.ħa/

### Verb

اِفْتَتَحَ • (iftataḥa) VIII (non-past يَفْتَتِحُ (yaftatiḥu), verbal noun اِفْتِتَاح (iftitāḥ))
* to open, to commence, to inaugurate
    اِفْتَتَحَ ٱلرَّسَّامُ مَعْرِضَهُ ٱلْجَدِيدَ.iftataḥa r-rassāmu maʕriḍahu l-jadīda.The painter inaugurated his new gallery.
* to disclose
* to introduce, to preface, to begin
* to conquer, to take possession of

#### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “افتتح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “افتتح”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “افتتح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# حرر
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħar.ra.ra/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

حَرَّرَ • (ḥarrara) II (non-past يُحَرِّرُ (yuḥarriru), verbal noun تَحْرِير (taḥrīr))
* to free, to liberate, to emancipate
** Quran 4:92
    وَمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍwaman qatala muʔminan ḵaṭaʔan fataḥrīru raqabatin muʔminatin(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to devote to the service of religion
* to examine minutely
* to verify
* to compose carefully, to write accurately
* to make an accurate reckoning of
* to write
* to adjust
* to point or direct (a gun)
* to revise (a book)
* to
* to mercerize

#### Descendants

* → Swahili: -hariri

#### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “حرر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حرر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “حرر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic حَرَّرَ (ḥarrara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħɑɾ.ɾɑɾ/

### Verb

حرّر • (ḥarrar) II (non-past يحرّر (yeḥarrar))
* to free someone from restraint/prison
* to make one feel hotter (more heat)

#### Conjugation

$^1$ The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic حَرَّرَ (ḥarrara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħar.rar/, [ˈħar.rar]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

حرّر • (ḥarrar) II (present بحرّر (biḥarrer))
* to free, to liberate, to emancipate
    راح نحرّر فلسطين ― We will free Palestine
# استحب
## Arabic
### Verb

اِسْتَحَبَّ • (istaḥabba) X (non-past يَسْتَحِبُّ (yastaḥibbu), verbal noun اِسْتِحْبَاب (istiḥbāb))
* (transitive) to deem something recommendable
* (transitive) to prefer, to favour, to love more than
    Synonyms: فَضَّلَ (faḍḍala), آثَرَ (ʔāṯara)
    اِسْتَحَبَّ الصَّمْتَ عَلَى الْكَلَامِ حِينَ ٱحْتَدَمَ الْجَدَلُistaḥabba aṣ-ṣamta ʕalā l-kalāmi ḥīna ḥtadama l-jadaluHe preferred silence than speaking [especially] when the debate escalated.
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 41:17:وَأَمَّا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ فَٱسْتَحَبُّوا ٱلْعَمَى عَلَى ٱلْهُدَىwaʔammā ṯamūdu fahadaynāhum fastaḥabbū l-ʕamā ʕalā l-hudā(please add an English translation of this quotation)
    As for [the tribe of] Thamud, We have indeed guided them [to the right path]. Yet they favored blindness over guidance.
# استحم
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.ħam.ma/

### Verb

اِسْتَحَمَّ • (istaḥamma) X (non-past يَسْتَحِمُّ (yastaḥimmu), verbal noun اِسْتِحْمَام (istiḥmām))
* to bathe, to shower
    أَسْتَحِمُّ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ ― ʔastaḥimmu kulla yawmin ― I shower every day
* to sweat

#### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “استحم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “استحم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ح م م”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# ثمرة
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /θa.ma.ra/

### Noun

ثَمَرَة or ثَمُرَة • (ṯamara or ṯamura) f (singulative, collective ثَمَر m (ṯamar), plural ثِمَار (ṯimār) or ثُمُر (ṯumur) or أَثْمَار (ʔaṯmār))
* (countable) a fruit
** (countable, by extension) something or someone resembling, likened to, or related to fruit (such as natural produce, the result of a happening or an action, offspring or progeny, the produce of anything, the fruit of one's labor, gain, advantage, profit, possessions, riches, money, and so on)
    مباركة أنت بين النساء، ومباركة ثمرة بطنك يسوعMubārakatun ʾanti bayna n-nisāʾi wa-mubārakatun ṯamaratu baṭniki, Yasūʿ.Blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
* (countable, rare) a tip (especially when looking fruitlike or pulpy, such as that of the tongue)
** (countable, rare) the end of the whiplash that lacerates the skin

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: səmərə
* → Ottoman Turkish: ثمره (semere)
** > Turkish: semere (inherited)
** → Crimean Tatar: semere
* → Persian: ثمره (samare)

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ثمرة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
# أطلق
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔatˤ.la.qa/

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

أَطْلَقَ • (ʔaṭlaqa) IV (non-past يُطْلِقُ (yuṭliqu), verbal noun إِطْلَاق (ʔiṭlāq))
* to free, to liberate, to emancipate
* to release
* to give name
* to throw, to launch, to fire
    أَطْلَقَ ٱلنَّارَ عَلَى ― ʔaṭlaqa n-nāra ʕalā ― to fire at
    أَطْلَقَ ٱسْمًا عَلَى ― ʔaṭlaqa sman ʕalā ― to give a name to something
    أُطْلِقَ عَلَى هٰذَا ٱلْمُرَكَّبِ ٱسْمُ ٱلْحَمْضِ ٱلنَّوَوِيِّ.ʔuṭliqa ʕalā hāḏā l-murakkabi smu l-ḥamḍi n-nawawiyyi.The name "nucleic acid" was given to this compound.

##### Antonyms

* قَيَّدَ (qayyada)

##### References

* Haywood, J.A., Nahmad, H.M. (1965) “أطلق”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “أطلق”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

أطلق (form I)
* أَطْلُقُ (ʔaṭluqu) /ʔatˤ.lu.qu/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of طَلُقَ (ṭaluqa)
* أَطْلُقَ (ʔaṭluqa) /ʔatˤ.lu.qa/: first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of طَلُقَ (ṭaluqa)
* أَطْلُقْ (ʔaṭluq) /ʔatˤ.luq/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of طَلُقَ (ṭaluqa)

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

أطلق (form II)
* أُطَلِّقُ (ʔuṭalliqu) /ʔu.tˤal.li.qu/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
* أُطَلَّقُ (ʔuṭallaqu) /ʔu.tˤal.la.qu/: first-person singular non-past passive indicative of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
* أُطَلِّقَ (ʔuṭalliqa) /ʔu.tˤal.li.qa/: first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
* أُطَلَّقَ (ʔuṭallaqa) /ʔu.tˤal.la.qa/: first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
* أُطَلِّقْ (ʔuṭalliq) /ʔu.tˤal.liq/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
* أُطَلَّقْ (ʔuṭallaq) /ʔu.tˤal.laq/: first-person singular non-past passive jussive of طَلَّقَ (ṭallaqa)
# انهزم
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /in.ha.za.ma/

### Verb

اِنْهَزَمَ • (inhazama) VII (non-past يَنْهَزِمُ (yanhazimu), verbal noun اِنْهِزَام (inhizām))
* to break with a crack
* to be routed, be defeated
    رَجَعَ ٱلْجُنُودُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ.rajaʕa l-junūdu munhazimīna.The soldiers returned defeated.

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “انهزم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
# detailed
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪˈteɪld/, /ˈdiːteɪld/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: de‧tailed

### Adjective

detailed (comparative more detailed, superlative most detailed)
* Characterized by attention to detail and thoroughness of treatment.

#### Derived terms

* detailed balance
* detailedly
* detailedness
* hyperdetailed
* nondetailed
* overdetailed
* ultradetailed
* undetailed

#### Translations
### Verb

detailed
* simple past and past participle of detail
# قضية
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qa.dˤij.ja/
* Rhymes: -ijja

### Noun

قَضِيَّة • (qaḍiyya) f (plural قَضَايَا (qaḍāyā))
* (law) case, lawsuit
    قَضِيَّةٌ جِنَائِيَّةٌ ― qaḍiyyatun jināʔiyyatun ― criminal case
    قَضِيَّةُ رَأْيٍ عَامٍّ ― qaḍiyyatu raʔyin ʕāmmin ― public opinion case
* judgment, sentence, decision
* order, command
* dominion
* fate, death
* statement, assertion, question, proposition
* article of faith
* fact, thing, issue, matter, affair, cause
    قَضِيَّةُ ٱلْمَرْأَةِ ― qaḍiyyatu l-marʔati ― women's cause
** 2018 January 12, “الجابري: تسجيل التحالفات لخوض الانتخابات المقبلة بيّن حجم الخلافات الواضحة في التحالف الشيعي”, in The Baghdad Post‎:لَفَتَ ٱلسِّيَاسِيُّ نَدِيم الْجَابِرِي ٱلْيَوْمَ ٱلْجُمُعَةَ إِلَى أَنَّ ٱلْخِلَافَاتَ وَاضِحَةٌ فِي ٱلتَّحَالُفِ ٱلشِّيعِيِّ أَبْرَزُهَا عَمَلِيَّةُ تَسْجِيلِ ٱلتَّحَالُفَاتِ لِخَوْضِ ٱلْاِنْتِخَابَاتِ ٱلْمُقْبِلَةِ ، مُعْتَبِرًا أَنَّهُ لَا تُوجَدُ رُؤْيَةٌ مُشْتَرَكَةٌ لِمُكَوِّنَاتِ ٱلتَّحَالُفِ ٱلْوَطَنِيِّ بِشَأْنِ ٱلْقَضَايَا ٱلْوَطَنِيَّةِ وَٱلْاِنْشِقَاقَاتِ فِي ٱلْكُتَلِ ٱلسِّيَاسِيَّةِ نَاتِجَةٍ عَنْ فَشَلِهَا ٱلذَّرِيعِ.lafata s-siyāsiyyu nadīm al-jābirī l-yawma l-jumuʕata ʔilā ʔanna l-ḵilāfāta wāḍiḥatun fī t-taḥālufi š-šīʕiyyi ʔabrazuhā ʕamaliyyatu tasjīli t-taḥālufāti liḵawḍi l-intiḵābāti l-muqbilati , muʕtabiran ʔannahu lā tūjadu ruʔyatun muštarakatun limukawwināti t-taḥālufi l-waṭaniyyi bišaʔni l-qaḍāyā l-waṭaniyyati wal-inšiqāqāti fī l-kutali s-siyāsiyyati nātijatin ʕan fašalihā ḏ-ḏarīʕi.The politician nadīm al-jābirī has on Friday drawn attention to the patent disagreements in the Shia alliance, most notably the alliances for the campaign for the election of the coming year, judging that there is no common vision about the constituents of the national alliance over the national affairs and the splits in the political blocs arising from their abject failure.
* story
* requisite

#### Descendants

* → Persian: قضیه
** → Assamese: কাজিয়া (kazia)
** → Bengali: কাজিয়া (kajiẏa)
* → Northern Kurdish: qezîya
* → Ottoman Turkish: قضیه (kaziyye)
** → Turkish: kaziye
* → Swahili: kadhia
* → Turkmen: kazyýet

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قضية”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic قَضِيَّة (qaḍiyya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡa.dˤij.ja/

### Noun

قضية • (qaḍiyya) f (plural قَضَايا (gaḍāyā))
* (law) case, lawsuit
* judgment, sentence, decision
* fact, thing, issue, matter, affair, cause
* story
# أقصى
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Elative adjective from قَصِيّ (qaṣiyy, “distant”).

#### Adjective

أَقْصَى • (ʔaqṣā) (feminine قُصْوَى (quṣwā), masculine plural أَقْصَوْنَ (ʔaqṣawna) or أَقَاصٍ (ʔaqāṣin), feminine plural قُصْوَيَات (quṣwayāt))
* further, more distant; furthest, most distant
    Antonym: أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)
    الشَّرْق الْأَقْصَىaš-šarq al-ʔaqṣāthe Far East, as opposed to الشَّرْق الْأَدْنَى (aš-šarq al-ʔadnā)
* last
* extreme

##### Derived terms

* الْمَسْجِد الْأَقْصَى (al-masjid al-ʔaqṣā, “Al-Aqsa Mosque”)

##### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “أقصى”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

#### Noun

أَقْصَى • (ʔaqṣā) m (plural أَقَاصٍ (ʔaqāṣin))
* farthest part
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:20:وَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَقْصَى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ يَسْعَى قَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنَّ ٱلْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلُوكَ فَٱخْرُجْ إِنِّي لَكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاصِحِينَwajāʔa rajulun min ʔaqṣā l-madīnati yasʕā qāla yā mūsā ʔinna l-malaʔa yaʔtamirūna bika li-yaqtulūka fa-ḵruj ʔinnī laka mina n-nāṣiḥīnaAnd there came a man, rushing from the farthest end of the city. He said, “O Moses! The chiefs are actually conspiring against you to put you to death, so leave ˹the city˺. I really advise you ˹to do so˺.”Translation by Mustafa Khattab

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

أَقْصَى • (ʔaqṣā) IV (non-past يُقْصِي (yuqṣī), verbal noun إِقْصَاء (ʔiqṣāʔ))
* to remove, send or take far away, drag away, drive away, dismiss
* to reach the utmost limit

##### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic أَقْصَى (ʔaqṣā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaq.sˤa/, [ˈʔɑq.sˤɑ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Adjective

أقصى • (ʔaqṣa)
* farther, farthest, most distant
    Antonym: أدنى (ʔadna)
* maximal
    Synonym: أعلى (ʔaʕla)
    Antonym: أدنى (ʔadna)
    الحدّ الأقصى ― il-ḥadd il-ʔaqṣa ― the maximum

#### See also

* المسجد الأقصى (il-masjed il-ʔaqṣa, “Al-Aqsa mosque”)
# 血钻
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 血钻 – see 血鑽 (“blood diamond”). (This term is the simplified form of 血鑽).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# احتمل
## Arabic
### Etymology

Compare حَمَلَ (ḥamala, “to carry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iħ.ta.ma.la/

### Verb

اِحْتَمَلَ • (iḥtamala) VIII (non-past يَحْتَمِلُ (yaḥtamilu), verbal noun اِحْتِمَال (iḥtimāl))
* to carry
* to tolerate, bear, support, suffer
    اِحْتَمَلْتُ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُiḥtamaltu mā kāna minhuI endured what he did/said.(literally, “... what was from him.”)
* to permit, allow
    لَا تَحْتَمِلُ سِنُّهَا ذٰلِكَlā taḥtamilu sinnuhā ḏālikaHer age doesn't allow it.
* to overlook (an offense)
* to acknowledge (a benefit), be thankful
* (passive voice) to be possible, allowable, plausible
* (passive voice, often also) to be probable, likely
** 2013, مُصْطَفَى الْخَطِيب (muṣṭafā l-ḵaṭīb), كاتِبٌ بْرِيطانِيٌّ: رَغْمَ ٱخْتِلافِنَا مَعَ الْإخْوانِ لَكِنَّهُم لَم يُلْغُوا الدِّيمُوقْراطِيّة (kātibun brīṭāniyyun: raḡma ḵtilāfinā maʕa l-ʔiḵwāni lakinnahum lam yulḡū d-dīmūqrāṭiyya), in: بَوّابةُ الْحُرِّيّةِ وَٱلْعَدالَة (bawwābatu l-ḥurriyyati wal-ʕadāla), archived at: www.masress.com
    وَأَضافَ كُوهِين أَنَّهُ يَنْبَغِي عَلَى الْلِيبْرالِيِّينَ الْغَرْبِيِّينَ أَن يَتَواصَلُوا وَيُخْبِرُوا نُظَرائَهُم فِي الْعالَمِ الْعَرَبِيِّ بِأَنَّ فِكْرةَ الْمُجْتَمَعِ الصّالِحِ الْمَبْنِيِّ عَلَى حُكُومةٍ تُسَيْطِرُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُؤَسَّساتُ الْعَسْكَرِيّةُ هُوَ أَمْرٌ غَيْرُ مُحْتَمَلٍ عادةً. وَفِي الْحالَةِ الْمِصْرِيّةِ هُوَ لَيْسَ غَيْرَ مُحْتَمَلٍ فَقَط بَل مُسْتَحِيل.waʔaḍāfa kūhīn ʔannahu yanbaḡī ʕalā l-lībrāliyyīna l-ḡarbiyyīna ʔan yatawāṣalū wayuḵbirū nuẓarāʔahum fī l-ʕālami l-ʕarabiyyi biʔanna fikrata l-mujtamaʕi ṣ-ṣāliḥi l-mabniyyi ʕalā ḥukūmatin tusayṭiru ʕalayhā l-muʔassasātu l-ʕaskariyyatu huwa ʔamrun ḡayru muḥtamalin ʕādatan. wafī l-ḥālati l-miṣriyyati huwa laysa ḡayra muḥtamalin faqaṭ bal mustaḥīl.Cohen added that Western liberals must connect and tell their counterparts in the Arab world that the idea of a just society based on a government ruled by military institutions is something that is generally not likely. And in the Egyptian context, it is not just not likely, but impossible.
* (passive voice) to be grow angry [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘with someone’]

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “احتمل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
# صدمة
## Arabic
### Etymology

Instance noun of صَدَمَ (ṣadama, “to strike, shock”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

صَدْمَة • (ṣadma) f (plural صَدَمَات (ṣadamāt))
* shock
* clash, stroke
* calamity
* baldness of the temples
    صَدْمَتَان ― ṣadmatān ― the temples

#### Descendants

* → Persian: صدمه
** → Bengali: সদমা (śodoma)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: सदमा (sadmā)
    Urdu: صَدْمَہ (sadma)
** → Pashto: صدمه (sadamá)

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “صدمة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “صدمة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# أليم
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔa.liːm/
* Rhymes: -iːm

### Adjective

أَلِيم • (ʔalīm) (feminine أَلِيمَة (ʔalīma), masculine plural أَلِيمُونَ (ʔalīmūna), feminine plural أَلِيمَات (ʔalīmāt))
* sore, painful, aching
    Synonym: مُؤْلِم (muʔlim)
    عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ ― ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 11:102:وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌwakaḏalika ʔaḵḏu rabbika ʔiḏā ʔaḵaḏa l-qurā wahiya ẓālimatun ʔinna ʔaḵḏahu ʔalīmun šadīdun(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* sad, grievous

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “أليم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ألم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# غليظ
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣa.liːðˤ/

### Adjective

غَلِيظ • (ḡalīẓ) (feminine غَلِيظَة (ḡalīẓa), common plural غِلَاظ (ḡilāẓ), masculine plural غَلِيظُونَ (ḡalīẓūna) or غُلَظَاء (ḡulaẓāʔ), elative أَغْلَظ (ʔaḡlaẓ))
* thick
* (typography) bold
    اُكْتُبِ ٱلْعُنْوَانَ بِخَطٍّ غَلِيظٍ!uktubi l-ʕunwāna biḵaṭṭin ḡalīẓin!Write the title in bold text!
* burly, gross (person, body)
* viscous
* stringy, tough (food)
* coarse, crude
* rough
* harsh
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 31:24:نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍnumattiʕuhum qalīlan ṯumma naḍṭarruhum ʔilā ʕaḏābin ḡalīẓin(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* inviolable, sacred (oath, alliance)
* obtuse
* dull of intellect
* miserly, stingy
* opaque

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qəliz
* → Classical Persian: غَلِیظ (ğalīz)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ग़लीज़ (ġalīz)
    Urdu: غَلِیظ (ġalīz)
** → Kannada: ಗಲೀಜು (galīju)
** → Tamil: கலீஜு (kalīju)
** → Telugu: గలీజు (galīju)

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “غليظ”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “غلظ”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# سعادة
## Arabic
### Etymology

Verbal noun of سَعِدَ (saʕida, “to be happy, to be lucky”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.ʕaː.da/

### Noun

سَعَادَة • (saʕāda) f
* verbal noun of سَعِدَ (saʕida) (form I)
* happiness, gladness
    Antonyms: شَقَاوَة (šaqāwa), شَقَاء (šaqāʔ)
    السَّعَادَةُ تَغْمُرُنِي. ― as-saʕādatu taḡmurunī. ― Happiness overwhelms me.
** a. 605, al-Nābighah al-Dhubiyānī
    وَٱلرِّفْقُ يُمْنٌ، وَٱلأَنَاةُ سَعَادَةٌ / فَٱسْتَأْنِ فِي رِفْقٍ تُلَاقِ نَجَاحَاwar-rifqu yumnun, wal-ʔanātu saʕādatun / fastaʔni fī rifqin tulāqi najāḥāGentleness is a blessing; abiding is happiness. / So abide gently to find success.
** a. 650, al-Ḥuṭayʾah
    وَلَسْتُ أَرَى السَّعَادَةَ جَمْعَ مَالٍ / وَلَكِنَّ التَّقِيَّ هُوَ السَّعِيدُwa-lastu ʔarā as-saʕādata jamʕa mālin / wa-lākinna t-taqiyya huwa s-saʕīduI do not take happiness to be gathering wealth. / But the reverent is [to me] the glad.
* luck, good fortune
* bliss
* prosperity
* highness, majesty (title)

#### Derived terms

* دَار السَّعَادَة (dār as-saʕāda, “Istanbul”) (literally "land of happiness")

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: Səadət, səadət
* → Ottoman Turkish: سعادت (saadet)
** Turkish: saadet
* → Persian: سعادت (sa'âdat)
** → English: Saadat
** → Kazakh: Сағадат (Sağadat)
** → Uzbek: saodat
* → Kurdish: seadet
* → Tatar: сәгадәть (sägadät’), сәгадәт (sägadät)
* → Urdu: سَعادَت (sa'ādat)
* → Uyghur: سائادەت (sa'adet)

### Proper noun

سَعَادَة • (saʕāda) f
* a surname

#### References

* Haywood, J.A., Nahmad, H.M. (1965) “سعادة”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سعادة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “سعد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN