# شاب
## Algerian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic شَابّ (šābb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaːbb/

### Adjective

شاب (šābb) (feminine شابة (šābba), masculine plural شبان (šubbān) or شباب (šbāb))
* beautiful

## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Derived from the active participle of شَبَّ (šabba, “to become a young man, to grow up”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaːbb/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

شَابّ • (šābb) m (plural شُبَّان (šubbān) or شَبَاب (šabāb), feminine شَابَّة (šābba))
* young man, youth, adolescent

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaː.ba/

#### Verb

شَابَ • (šāba) I (non-past يَشِيبُ (yašību), verbal noun شَيْب (šayb) or شَيْبَة (šayba) or مَشِيب (mašīb))
* to be grey-haired, to grow grey hair
* to become older

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3

See the root.

#### Verb

شَابَ • (šāba) I (non-past يَشُوبُ (yašūbu), verbal noun شَوْب (šawb))
* to mix (بِـ (bi-) with)
    Synonyms: خَلَطَ (ḵalaṭa), خَالَطَ (ḵālaṭa)
    شَابَ اللَبَنَ بِالْمَاءِšāba al-labana bi-l-māʔiHe mixed the milk with the water.
** c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802$^{IA}$, Cap. 7, Art. 54, pages 403–404:أما العليق فمعروف وأما الورد الجبلي وورد الكلب وهو المعروف عند أهل الطب بالنسرين قال أبو حنيفة الورد الجبلي يشبه الورد ويشبه ذلك بعض سنة العليق وثمره شبيه العنب الدليك وهو أحمر يشبه البسر إلا أن طرفه محدود وفي داخله شبه الصوف ونواره نوار الورد أبيض يشوبه حمرةIn what concerns the bramble, it is well known, and in what concerns the mountain-rose and the dog-rose, it is well-known with the physicians as nisrīn; Abū Ḥanīfa said the mountain-rose resembles the rose and this resembles a bit the image of the bramble, and the fruit is similar to the dust-vine, it is red and resembles the unripe date, except that its tip is pointed, and in its inner there is a kind of wool, and its blossom is a white rose blossom with an admixture of red.
* (figurative) to be dishonest, to be untrustworthy (فِي (fī))
    شَابَ فِي قَوْلِهِ ― šāba fī qawlihi ― He was dishonest in his speech
    شَابَ فِي البَيْعِ ― šāba fī l-bayʕi ― He was untrustworthy in the sale (i.e. cheated, defrauded)

##### Conjugation
## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic شَابّ (šābb).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaːbb/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

شاب • (šābb) m (plural شبان (šubbān) or شباب (šabāb), feminine شابة (šābba))
* young man, youth, adolescent

### Etymology 2

From Arabic شَابَ (šāba).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaːb/

#### Verb

شاب • (šāb) I (non-past يشيب (yšīb))
* to be grey-haired, to grow grey hair
* to become older

##### Conjugation
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic شَبّ (šabb, “vitriol; alum”).

#### Noun

شاب • (şab) (definite accusative شابی (şabı), plural شابلر (şablar))
* alum, an astringent salt much used in dyeing and tanning
* coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons
    Synonym: مرجان قیا (mercan kaya)

##### Derived terms

* شاب اوجاغی (şab ocağı, “alum mine”)
* شاب دكزی (şab deñizi, “Red Sea”)
* شاب علتی (şab ʼilleti, “a disease of cattle”)
* شاب كسلمك (şab kesilmek, “to be paralyzed by astonishment”)
* شابجی (şabcı, “alum merchant”)
* شابخانه (şabhâne, “manufactory of alum”)
* شابلی (şablı, “aluminous”)
* شابه اوتورمق (şaba oturmak, “to be in great distress”, literally “to ground on a coral reef”)
* شابه صوقمق (şaba sokmak, “to adopt some heroic remedy”, literally “to plunge into alum water”)
* نه شاب نه شكر (ne şab ne şeker, “neither fish nor fowl”, literally “neither alum nor sugar”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: şap
* → Armenian: շապ (šap)

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “شاب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 127
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şap2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4428
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “شاب”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 282a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شاب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 712
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Alumen”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 53
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شاب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2741
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şap2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شاب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1106

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic شَابّ (šābb, “youth, young man”).

#### Adjective

شاب • (şab)
* young, juvenile, in the early part of growth, at an early stage of life, born not long ago
    Synonyms: جوان (civan), كنج (genc)

#### Noun

شاب • (şab) (definite accusative شابی (şabı), plural شباب (şebâb) or شبان (şübbân))
* youth, young boy, teen, adolescent, lad, a young man, a male youngster or young adult
    Synonyms: اوشاق (uşak), اوغلان (oğlan), پسر (pıser), غلام (ğulam)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: şab

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “شاب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 128
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şab4”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4409
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “şâbb”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1166
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شاب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 712
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Adolescens”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 26
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شاب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2741
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شاب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1106

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَابّ (šābb).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃɑːβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɑːb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃɔːb̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃɒːb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃɔb]

### Noun

شاب • (šâb)
* (archaic, literary) youth, young person
    Synonym: جوان (javân)
** c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 263”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:بیا و کشتی ما در شط شراب انداز خروش و ولوله در جان شیخ و شاب اندازbiyā u kaštī-yi mā dar šat-i šarāb andāz xurōš u walwala dar jān-i šayx u šāb andāzCome and hurl our ship into the river of wine; Hurl tumult and uproar into the souls of old and young.(Classical Persian transliteration)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Alternative forms

* شبّ

### Etymology

From Arabic شَابّ (šābb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃab/, [ʃab]
* Audio (Jerusalem):(file)

### Noun

شابّ • (šabb, šābb) m (plural شباب (šabāb), feminine شابّة (šābbe))
* boy, youth, young man
    Synonym: صبي (ṣabi)

### Adjective

شابّ • (šabb, šābb) (feminine شابّة (šābbe), common plural شباب (šabāb))
* young