# novus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *nowos, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos. Cognates include Old English nīewe (English new), Ancient Greek νέος (néos), Proto-Slavic *novъ, and Sanskrit नव (náva).
Proto-Italic *nowos fails to become Latin *nuus due to specific conditions in the development of Latin, namely -o-(w)- being in the first syllable, whereas *dē nowōd (“anew”) became dēnuō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈno.u̯us/, [ˈnou̯ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈno.vus/, [ˈnɔːvus]

### Adjective

novus (feminine nova, neuter novum, comparative novior, superlative novissimus, adverb novē or noviter); first/second-declension adjective
* new, novel
    Synonym: recēns
    Antonyms: prīscus, prīstinus, antīquus, vetus, senex
** 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Ecclesiastes.1.10:nihil sub sole novumthere is nothing new under the sun
* fresh, young
* recent
* unusual, strange, extraordinary
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.10-11:“Quis novus hic nostrīs successit sēdibus hospes? Quem sēsē ōre ferēns, quam fortī pectore et armīs!”“What [is it about] this unusual guest who has entered our home? How he bears [his noble] face, how brave in heart and in battle!” (Dido finds the appearance and character of Aeneas attractive; to her, he is not just another new or unknown visitor to Carthage.)

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Derived terms

* dēnuō
* nova nupta
* novae rēs
* novē
* novellus
* novitās
* novō
* Novum Testāmentum
* novus homō
* Novus Ordo (English)
* nūntius
* renovō
* sub Novīs

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: nou, nãu, não
** Romanian: nou
* Dalmatian:
** nuf
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: novu
** Italian: nuovo, novo (Tuscan or archaic)
** Neapolitan: nuovo
** Sicilian: novu
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: nou, novu, nobu
* North Italian:
** Friulian: gnûf
** Istriot: nuo
** Ladin: nuef
** Ligurian: nêuvo
** Lombard: neuv
** Romagnol: nôv, növ (Ville Unite)
** Romansch: nov, nouv (Puter, Vallader)
** Venetan: novo
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: nou
** Franco-Provençal: nôf
** Old French: nuef (see there for further descendants)
** Occitan: nòu
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: nuevo
** Old Leonese: [Term?]
*** Asturian: nuevu, ñuevu
*** Extremaduran: nuevu
*** Leonese: nuevu
*** Mirandese: nuobo
** Old Galician-Portuguese: novo
*** Fala: novu
*** Galician: novo
*** Portuguese: novo (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish: nuevo, nueuo, nuebo
*** Ladino: muevo, מואיבﬞו
*** Spanish: nuevo
* → Esperanto: nova

### References

* “novus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “novus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* novus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to enter on a new method: novam rationem ingredi a parvenu (a man no member of whose family has held curule office): homo novus a demagogue, agitator: plebis dux, vulgi turbator, civis turbulentus, civis rerum novarum cupidus revolutionists: homines seditiosi, turbulenti or novarum rerum cupidi to hold revolutionary opinions: novarum rerum cupidum esse (ambiguous) to introduce a new word into the Latin language: inducere novum verbum in latinam linguam (ambiguous) to hold revolutionary opinions: novis rebus studere
* ↑ AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1579: “nuovo; nuova; nuovi; nuove” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it