# kebab
## English
### Alternative forms

* kabaab, kabob, kebap, kabab, kebob

### Etymology

From Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb), partly through Urdu, Persian and Turkish kebap. Doublet of cevapi. See the Arabic entry for more.

### Pronunciation

* (General Australian) IPA: /kəˈbæb/
* Rhymes: -æb
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɪˈbæb/ (usual), IPA: /kɪˈbɑːb/ (less common)
* Rhymes: -æb
* (General American) IPA: /kɪˈbɑb/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑːb

### Noun

kebab (plural kebabs)
* (British) A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.
* (Australia) A hand-held dish consisting of pieces of meat roasted on an upright skewer mixed with fresh vegetables and sauces and rolled up in a round piece of unleavened bread.
* (US) A shish kebab or any other food on a skewer.
* A restaurant that sells kebabs
    Let's go to the kebab after the club.
* (chemistry) The outward growing portions of a shish kebab structure.
* (slang, offensive, ethnic slur) A Muslim, usually of southern European, Middle Eastern, or North African descent.
* (slang, vulgar, UK) The vulva.
* (graphical user interface) A menu icon of three vertical dots.
    Coordinate terms: meatball, hamburger, bento

#### Derived terms

* badly packed kebab
* chapli kebab
* doner kebab
* kafta kebab
* kebab case
* remove kebab
* seekh kebab
* shami kebab
* shish kebab
* Wigan kebab

#### Translations
### Verb

kebab (third-person singular simple present kebabs, present participle kebabbing, simple past and past participle kebabbed)
* (transitive) To roast in the style of a kebab.
* (transitive, slang) To stab or skewer.
    Synonyms: run through, spear; see also Thesaurus:stab, Thesaurus:impale
** 2003, Julian Roup, A Fisherman in the Saddle, page 32:I see myself and Quest falling over backwards and his body rolling off my legs, and that wicked metal pommel winking in the sun, having almost kebabbed me.
** 2011, Simon Sebag Montefiore, Jerusalem: The Biography – A History of the Middle East, page 343:A bonfire was built in the courtyard of the Church where, 'almost drunk with rage', the mob hacked them into pieces 'so that not even a human shape remained', and then kebabbed them.

### See also

* gyros
* shashlik
* shawarma
* souvlaki
* suya

### References

* ↑ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, Angus Stevenson and Georgia Hole, editors (2007), “kebab”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 6th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.

### Further reading

* kebab on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “kebab”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɛbap]

### Noun

kebab m inan
* kebab (dish, whether shish kebab or donner kebab)

#### Related terms

* šiškebab

### Further reading

* “kebab”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “kebab”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish kebap, Derived from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [keˈbɑb]

### Noun

kebab (singular definite kebabben, plural indefinite kebbaber)
* kebab (seasoned meat grilled on a spit), esp. doner kebab

#### Derived terms

* lammekebab
* rullekebab

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish kebap, from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kəˈbɑp/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ke‧bab
* Rhymes: -ɑp

### Noun

kebab m (uncountable)
* kebab (seasoned meat grilled on a spit), esp. doner kebab

#### Derived terms

* kebabtent
* kebabzaak

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Turkish kebap, from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkebɑb/, [ˈk̟e̞bɑ̝b]
* Rhymes: -ebɑb
* Hyphenation: ke‧bab

### Noun

kebab
* kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)
    Synonyms: (colloquial) kebu, kebbe

#### Declension

Possessive forms of kebab (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kebabini
kebabini
accusative
nom.
kebabini
kebabini
gen.
kebabini
genitive
kebabini
kebabieni
partitive
kebabiani
kebabejani
inessive
kebabissani
kebabeissani
elative
kebabistani
kebabeistani
illative
kebabiini
kebabeihini
adessive
kebabillani
kebabeillani
ablative
kebabiltani
kebabeiltani
allative
kebabilleni
kebabeilleni
essive
kebabinani
kebabeinani
translative
kebabikseni
kebabeikseni
abessive
kebabittani
kebabeittani
instructive
comitative
—kebabeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kebabisi
kebabisi
accusative
nom.
kebabisi
kebabisi
gen.
kebabisi
genitive
kebabisi
kebabiesi
partitive
kebabiasi
kebabejasi
inessive
kebabissasi
kebabeissasi
elative
kebabistasi
kebabeistasi
illative
kebabiisi
kebabeihisi
adessive
kebabillasi
kebabeillasi
ablative
kebabiltasi
kebabeiltasi
allative
kebabillesi
kebabeillesi
essive
kebabinasi
kebabeinasi
translative
kebabiksesi
kebabeiksesi
abessive
kebabittasi
kebabeittasi
instructive
comitative
—kebabeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kebabimme
kebabimme
accusative
nom.
kebabimme
kebabimme
gen.
kebabimme
genitive
kebabimme
kebabiemme
partitive
kebabiamme
kebabejamme
inessive
kebabissamme
kebabeissamme
elative
kebabistamme
kebabeistamme
illative
kebabiimme
kebabeihimme
adessive
kebabillamme
kebabeillamme
ablative
kebabiltamme
kebabeiltamme
allative
kebabillemme
kebabeillemme
essive
kebabinamme
kebabeinamme
translative
kebabiksemme
kebabeiksemme
abessive
kebabittamme
kebabeittamme
instructive
comitative
—kebabeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kebabinne
kebabinne
accusative
nom.
kebabinne
kebabinne
gen.
kebabinne
genitive
kebabinne
kebabienne
partitive
kebabianne
kebabejanne
inessive
kebabissanne
kebabeissanne
elative
kebabistanne
kebabeistanne
illative
kebabiinne
kebabeihinne
adessive
kebabillanne
kebabeillanne
ablative
kebabiltanne
kebabeiltanne
allative
kebabillenne
kebabeillenne
essive
kebabinanne
kebabeinanne
translative
kebabiksenne
kebabeiksenne
abessive
kebabittanne
kebabeittanne
instructive
comitative
—kebabeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
kebabinsa
kebabinsa
accusative
nom.
kebabinsa
kebabinsa
gen.
kebabinsa
genitive
kebabinsa
kebabiensa
partitive
kebabiaan kebabiansa
kebabejaan kebabejansa
inessive
kebabissaan kebabissansa
kebabeissaan kebabeissansa
elative
kebabistaan kebabistansa
kebabeistaan kebabeistansa
illative
kebabiinsa
kebabeihinsa
adessive
kebabillaan kebabillansa
kebabeillaan kebabeillansa
ablative
kebabiltaan kebabiltansa
kebabeiltaan kebabeiltansa
allative
kebabilleen kebabillensa
kebabeilleen kebabeillensa
essive
kebabinaan kebabinansa
kebabeinaan kebabeinansa
translative
kebabikseen kebabiksensa
kebabeikseen kebabeiksensa
abessive
kebabittaan kebabittansa
kebabeittaan kebabeittansa
instructive
comitative
—kebabeineen kebabeinensa :

#### Derived terms

* kebakko
* kebu
* karvakäsikebab
* kebabliha
* kebabravintola

### Further reading

* “kebab”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## French
### Alternative forms

* kébab (post-1990 spelling)

### Etymology

From Turkish kebap.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ke.bab/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kebab m (plural kebabs)
* kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

### Further reading

* “kebab”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* kabab (nonstandard)

### Etymology

From Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *kabab- (“to burn, to roast”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kəˈbap/, /kəˈbap̚/
* Rhymes: -ap
* Hyphenation: kê‧bab

### Noun

kêbab
* kebab:
** A dish of pieces of meat, fish, or vegetables roasted on a skewer or spit, especially a doner kebab.
** A hand-held dish consisting of pieces of meat roasted on an upright skewer mixed with fresh vegetables and sauces and rolled up in a round piece of unleavened bread.

### Further reading

* kebab on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{id}$

## Italian
### Etymology

From Turkish kebap, from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb, “fried meat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keˈbab/
* Rhymes: -ab
* Hyphenation: ke‧bàb

### Noun

kebab m (invariable)
* kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

### References

* ↑ kebab in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* bab (slang)

### Etymology

From Turkish kebap, from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keːbɑb/
* Rhymes: -ɑb

### Noun

kebab m (definite singular kebaben, indefinite plural kebaber, definite plural kebabene)
* kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

#### Derived terms

* hvalkebab
* rullekebab

### References

* “kebab” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* bab (slang)

### Etymology

From Turkish kebap, from Arabic كَبَاب (kabāb).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keːbɑb/, /keːbɑːb/
* Rhymes: -ɑb

### Noun

kebab m (definite singular kebaben, indefinite plural kebabar, definite plural kebabane)
* kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

#### Derived terms

* kvalkebab
* rullekebab

### References

* “kebab” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish kebap.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɛ.bap/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛbap
* Syllabification: ke‧bab

### Noun

kebab m animal or m inan (related adjective kebabowy)
* doner kebab, gyro (Turkish dish in which meat (typically seasoned lamb or mutton, but alternatively chicken or perhaps beef) is grilled on a revolving vertical spit; when cooked, the meat is sliced off and served with fresh vegetables in pita or rolled in a piece of unleavened flatbread)
    Synonym: (slang) kebs
* (colloquial, metonymically) restaurant or bar that serves doner kebab

#### Declension
### Noun

kebab m pers
* (derogatory, ethnic slur) Muslim person, especially of Turkish descent

#### Derived terms

* kebabiarnia
* kebabomat
* kebs

#### Related terms

* kebabcze

### Further reading

* kebab in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kebab in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* kebab in PWN's encyclopedia

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /keˈba.bi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /keˈba.bi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /keˈba.be/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɛˈba.bɨ/ [kɛˈβa.βɨ]

### Noun

kebab m (plural kebabs)
* kebab (Turkish dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keˈbab/ [keˈβ̞aβ̞]
* Rhymes: -ab
* Syllabification: ke‧bab

### Noun

kebab m (plural kebabs)
* kebab, doner kebab (dish of skewered meat and vegetables)

### Further reading

* “kebab”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkish kebap. According to SO attested since the 1970s.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kebab c
* kebab, meat (often beef, sometimes lamb or pork) roasted on an upright skewer
    Coordinate term: (pork kebab) gyros
* doner kebab, dish of skewered meat and vegetables served in pita bread
    Synonym: kebab med bröd

#### Derived terms

* fransk kebab (“kebab baguette”)
* kebab med bröd (“doner kebab”)
* kebabbröd (“pita bread”)
* kebabgrill (“kebab vendor”)
* kebabkök (“kebab vendor”)
* kebabkött (“kebab meat”)
* kebabpizza (“kebab pizza”)
* kebabrulle (“kebab roll”)
* kebabsås (“kebab sauce”)
* kebabtallrik (“kebab plate”)
* kycklingkebab (“chicken kebab”)

### References

* kebab in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* kebab in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)