OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# inconstant
## English
### Alternative forms

* inconstaunt (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English inconstant, inconstante, inconstaunte, from Middle French inconstant and its etymon, Latin incōnstāns.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

inconstant (comparative more inconstant, superlative most inconstant)
* Not constant; wavering.
* Unfaithful to a lover.

#### Translations
## Catalan
### Etymology

From in- +‎ constant.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [iŋ.kunsˈtan]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [iŋ.konsˈtant]
* Rhymes: -ant

### Adjective

inconstant m or f (masculine and feminine plural inconstants)
* inconstant
    Antonym: constant

#### Related terms

* inconstància

### Further reading

* “inconstant” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “inconstant”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “inconstant” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “inconstant” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## French
### Etymology

From in- +‎ constant.

### Adjective

inconstant (feminine inconstante, masculine plural inconstants, feminine plural inconstantes)
* inconstant

### Further reading

* “inconstant”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French inconstant. Equivalent to in- +‎ constant.

### Adjective

inconstant m or n (feminine singular inconstantă, masculine plural inconstanți, feminine and neuter plural inconstante)
* inconstant
# up to one's ass in alligators
## English
### Prepositional phrase

up to one's ass in alligators
* (Canada, US, slang, vulgar) Beset by multiple difficulties or adversaries that must be dealt with quickly.

#### See also

* up to one's neck in alligators
# ngabin-na win
## Woiwurrung
### Adjective

ngabin-na win
* incurable

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# ringtail cats
## English
### Noun

ringtail cats
* plural of ringtail cat
# -иць
## Old Novgorodian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-iťь.

### Suffix

-иць • (-ićĭ)
* Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually to form a diminutive or to denote a family name.

### References

* “сꙑчевицъ (letter no. 607/562)”, in Древнерусские берестяные грамоты [Birchbark Literacy from Medieval Rus]‎ (in Russian), http://gramoty.ru, 2007–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From -иця (-ycja)

### Suffix

-иць • (-ycʹ) f pl
* genitive plural of -иця (-ycja)
# sagûi
## Old Tupi
### Alternative forms

* sagûĩ

### Etymology

First attested in 1511.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [saˈɡʷi]
* Rhymes: -i
* Hyphenation: sa‧gûi

### Noun

sagûi (unpossessable)
* (North Tupi) common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
* (South Tupi) golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia)
    Synonym: sagûiîuba

#### Related terms

* sagûasu
* sagûiîuba

#### Descendants

* Nheengatu: sawĩ
* → Portuguese: sagui

### References

* ↑ Nelson Papavero, Dante Martins Teixeira (2014) Zoonímia tupi nos escritos quinhentistas europeus [Tupian zoonymy in 16th century European writings] (Arquivos NEHiLP; 3) (in Portuguese), São Paulo: FFLCH-USP, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 17
* ↑ Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XLI, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 252v: “Sagouy [Sagûi]”
* ↑ Duarte Fernandes (1511) Llyuro da náoo bertoa […] ‎ (in Old Tupi); Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, editor, Diario da navegação de Pedro Lopes de Souza pela costa do Brazil até o Rio Uruguay (de 1530 a 1532), 4th edition, Rio de Janeiro: Typ. de D. L. dos Santos, 1867, page 108: “çagoym [sagûĩ]”
* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “sagûi”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 436, column 1
* Nelson Papavero, Dante Martins Teixeira (2014) Zoonímia tupi nos escritos quinhentistas europeus [Tupian zoonymy in 16th century European writings] (Arquivos NEHiLP; 3) (in Portuguese), São Paulo: FFLCH-USP, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 254
# Гродзеншчына
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* Горадзеншчына (Hóradzjenščyna)
* Horadzienščyna, Hrodzienščyna — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

From Гродна (Hródna) +‎ -шчына (-ščyna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɣrod͡zʲenʂt͡ʂɨna]
* Rhymes: -od͡zʲenʂt͡ʂɨna
* Hyphenation: Гро‧дзен‧шчы‧на

### Proper noun

Гро́дзеншчына • (Hródzjenščyna) f inan (genitive Гро́дзеншчыны, uncountable)
* Grodno Oblast (an oblast of Belarus)
    Synonym: Гродзенская во́бласць f (Hródzjenskaja vóblascʹ)
    Coordinate terms: Брэ́стчына (Bréstčyna), Ві́цебшчына (Vícjebščyna), Го́мельшчына (Hómjelʹščyna), Магілёўшчына (Mahiljóŭščyna), Міншчына (Minščyna)
** 1916, “Biełaruś”, in Vacłaŭ Łastoŭski, editor, Rodnyje zierniaty, Wilno: Homan, page 180:U Hrodzienščynie znachodzicca słaŭnaja Bieławiežskaja pušča, ŭ katoraj dahetul zachawalisia ješče wialikije trawajadnyje źwiery zubry.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1928, Kuźma Čorny, Зямля, Minsk: ДВБ, page 42:— Жыў-жа ты некалі там на Горадзеншчыне гаспадаром.— Žyŭ-ža ty njekali tam na Hóradzjenščynje haspadaróm.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1939, Adam Stankievič, Biełaruski chryścijanski ruch, Vilnia: Vydańnie „Chryścijanskaj Dumki“, page 97:Z hetaj metaj u Vilni byŭ sklikany Źjezd Biełarusaŭ z Vilenščyny i Horadzienščyny.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1955, Jakub Kołas, “У палескай глушы”, in Кнігі першая і другая (На ростанях; 1), Minsk: ДВБ, page 40:Пан падлоўчы быў родам дзесь з Гродзеншчыны і паходзіў, як ён казаў сам, са старога дваранскага роду.Pan padlóŭčy byŭ ródam dzjesʹ z Hródzjenščyny i paxódziŭ, jak jon kazaŭ sam, sa staróha dvaranskaha ródu.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension
### References

* "Гродзеншчына" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum
# otim
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Yoruba ọti (“alcohol”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /oˈt͡ʃĩ/
* Rhymes: -ĩ

### Noun

otim m (plural otins)
* (Brazil, informal) Synonym of cachaça

### Further reading

* “otim”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “otim”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
# ǃoon
## Nǀuu
### Conjunction

ǃoon
* Alternative form of ǃûu

### References

* Tom Güldemann "NC080901-01_B | Endangered Languages Archive". www.elararchive.org. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
# rebellious
## English
### Alternative forms

* rebellous (archaic)

### Etymology

From Middle English rebellious; equivalent to rebel +‎ -ious.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹəˈbɛliəs/, /ɹəˈbɛljəs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛliəs
* Hyphenation: re‧bel‧lious

### Adjective

rebellious (comparative more rebellious, superlative most rebellious)
* Showing rebellion.
** 2014 April 17, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Thursday, Apr 17, 2014:"Tedd's feeling a bit rebellious." "I'm not rebelling! I'm self actualizing! By rebelling."

#### Synonyms

* defiant
* restive

#### Antonyms

* docile

#### Derived terms

* rebelliously
* rebelliousness

#### Translations
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* rebellous, rebellyus, rebellouse

### Etymology

From rebellen +‎ -ous.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛˈbɛliuːs/, /rɛˈbɛljuːs/, /rɛˈbɛluːs/, /rɛˈbɛlius/, /rɛˈbɛljus/, /rɛˈbɛlus/

### Adjective

rebellious (Late Middle English)
* Refusing to submit to authorities; rebellious.

#### Descendants

* English: rebellious

#### References

* “rebelliǒus, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-16.
# 別莊
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biézhuāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄓㄨㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bit$^6$ zong$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phie̍t-chông / phe̍t-chông
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pia̍t-chong
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biézhuāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄓㄨㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biéjhuang
*** Wade–Giles: pieh$^2$-chuang$^1$
*** Yale: byé-jwāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: byejuang
*** Palladius: бечжуан (bečžuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bit$^6$ zong$^1$
*** Yale: biht jōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bit$^9$ dzong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bid$^6$ zong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːt̚² t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phie̍t-chông
*** Hakka Romanization System: pied zong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: piad$^6$ zong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰi̯et̚⁵ t͡soŋ²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phe̍t-chông
*** Hakka Romanization System: ped zong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ped$^6$ zong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰet̚⁵ t͡soŋ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pia̍t-chong
*** Tâi-lô: pia̍t-tsong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piadzofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɛt̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

### Noun

別莊
* (literary or regional) villa (house that is often larger and more expensive than average)

#### Synonyms

* 別墅 / 别墅 (biéshù)
* 別業 / 别业 (biéyè) (literary)
* 別野 / 别野 (biéyě) (slang, neologism)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 別 | 莊 |
| べつ > べっ Grade: 4 | そう Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 別莊 – see the following entry. :
| 【別荘べっそう】 | [noun] villa (a house used as a retreat) |
(This term, 別莊, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 別 | 莊 |

### Noun

別莊 • (byeoljang) (hangeul 별장)
* hanja form of 별장 (“cottage, villa (a house used as a retreat)”)
# o-ló
## Hokkien
### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of o-ló – see 呵咾 (“to commend; to praise”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 呵咾).

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of o-ló – see 婀娜 (“lithe and graceful”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 婀娜).
# Дмитре
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Дмитро (Dmytro) +‎ -е (-e)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdmɪtre]

### Proper noun

Дми́тре • (Dmýtre) m pers
* vocative singular of Дмитро́ (Dmytró)
# iteration mark
## English
### Noun

iteration mark (plural iteration marks)
* (linguistics) A punctuation mark or character used as a substitute for a repeated word or character; depending on the language, it may be considered informal, or only for use in handwritten text.
Examples :
々 / 〻 / 二 / 𖿣 (Chinese) (Egyptian)〃 (“ditto”)२ / -२ (2) (Hindi)2 / ² (Indonesian)々 / 〻 / ゝ / ヽ / 〱 (Japanese)ꧏ ($^2$) (Javanese)𘬀 (Khitan)ៗ (Khmer)ໆ (Lao)2 / ² (Malay)ᪧ (Northern Thai)𖿡 (Shaozhou Tuhua)ꀕ (Nuosu)2 / ² (Tagalog)𖿠 (Tangut)ๆ (Thai) :
# leptodactylid
## English
### Noun

leptodactylid (plural leptodactylids)
* (zoology) Any frog of the family Leptodactylidae
# Srbin
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sьrbъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to watch over, protect”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sr̩̂bin/
* Audio (Central Serbia):(file)
* Hyphenation: Sr‧bin

### Noun

Sȑbin m (Cyrillic spelling Ср̏бин)
* Serb (a male of Serb ethnicity)
    "Ja sam Srbin" - rastumači mirno i dostojanstveno Tesla. ― "I am a Serb" - Tesla explained calmly and with dignity.

#### Related terms

* sr̀bēnda
* Srbija
* Srbijánac
* Srbìjānka
* Sȑpkinja
* Sȑpskā
# pilgrimsfærd
## Danish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Danish pelegrimsfærth, from Old Norse pílagrímsferð. By surface analysis, pilgrim +‎ -s- +‎ færd. Compare Faroese and Icelandic pílagrímsferð, Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk pilegrimsferd, Swedish pilgrimsfärd.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

pilgrimsfærd c (singular definite pilgrimsfærden, plural indefinite pilgrimsfærd or pilgrimsfærder)
* pilgrimage
    Synonym: pilgrimsrejse

#### Related terms

* pilgrim

### References

* ↑ “pilgrimsfærd” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

### Further reading

* “pilgrimsfærd” in Den Danske Ordbog
# ܫܩܝܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From the feminine active participle of ܫܵܩܹܐ (šāqē, “to irrigate, water”) with the third sense a semantic loan from English channel or Arabic قَنَاة (qanāh); cognate to Arabic سَاقِيَة (sāqiya).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʃɑːqiːθɑː]
* (Standard) IPA: [ʃɪqqiːθa]
* (Urmia) IPA: [ʃɑːqiːtɑː]

### Noun

ܫܵܩܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (šāqīṯā) f sg (plural ܫܵܩ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šāqyāṯā) or ܫܵܩ̈ܝܼܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šāqīyāṯā))
* female equivalent of ܫܵܩܝܵܐ (šāqyā, “cupbearer”)
* stream, channel, canal
* TV channel, radio channel
# ܪܐܙܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Northern Kurdish رێز (rêz, “military unit; order row”) with extended senses.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [reːʔzɑː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [riːzɑː]

### Noun

ܪܹܐܙܵܐ • (rēzā) m (plural ܪܹ̈ܐܙܹܐ (rēzē))
* line, queue, sequence of people waiting for their turn
    ܐܲܢ݇ܬ ܝܘܸܬ ܕܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܒܪܹܐܙܵܐ. ― You are next in line.
* (archaic) rank

#### Synonyms

* ܣܸܕ݂ܪܵܐ (siḏrā)

#### Derived terms

* ܪܹܐܙܵܢܵܝܵܐ (rēzānāyā)
* ܡܲܪܝܸܙ (maryiz)
# ܟܕ ܙܥܘܪ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Literally, “while small”.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [kað.‿zəʕoːr]

### Adverb

ܟܲܕ݂ ܙܥܘܿܪ • (kaḏ zˁōr)
* at least
    ܟܲܕ݂ ܙܥܘܿܪ, ܐܵܢܵܐ ܒܸܚܫܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܗܵܕܲܟ݂.kaḏ zˁōr, ānā biḥšāḇā ìwen hādaḵ.At least, I think it's like that.

#### Usage notes

* The following both translate into English as “at least,” but they are used differently:
** ܒܒܨܝܼܪܵܐ (bbṣīrā) describes a minimum amount or quantity;
** ܟܲܕ݂ ܙܥܘܿܪ (kaḏ zˁōr) introduces a limiting restriction on the scope of the sentence.
# ܟܡܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic כְּמָּא (kmā); cognate to Arabic كَم (kam) and Hebrew כַּמָּה (káma)

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [kə.mɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [kəmaː], [ʔukma]
* (Urmia) IPA: [t͡ʃə.maː]

#### Pronoun

ܟܡܵܐ • (kmā)
* (interrogative) how much, how many
    ܟܡܵܐ' ܐܲܚ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܘܚܵܬ݂̈ܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܠܘܼܟ݂؟kmā' aḥwāṯā w-ḥāṯwāṯā īṯ lūḵ?How many brothers and sisters do you have?
    ܟܡܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܐܵܟ݂ܠܹܬ ܒܝܵܘܡܵܐ؟kmā kē āḵlēt b-yāwmā?How much do you eat in a day?
* (countable referents) several, a few, some; (uncountable referents) some
    ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܟܡܵܐ ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ. ― hālēn kmā šinnē. ― These few years.
    ܡ̣ܢ ܟܡܵܐ ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ܠܵܐ ܝܘܲܚ ܚܸܙܝܹ̈ܐ ܐܸܚܕ݂ܵܕ݂ܹܐ.min kmā ˁiddānā lā ìwaḥ ḥizyē iḥḏāḏē.long time no see(literally, “From some time we haven’t seen each other.”)

#### Adverb

ܟܡܵܐ • (kmā)
* (before adjectives) how, so
    ܟܡܵܐ ܪܲܒܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ― kmā rabbā ìlēh ― How big is he!
    ܟܡܵܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܵܐ! ― kmā ṭāḇā! ― How good!

##### Derived terms

* ܚܲܕ݇ܟܡܵܐ (ḥakmā, “some”)
* ܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܠܲܟ݂ܡܵܐ (ḥḏā laḵmā, “from time to time”)
* ܟܡܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (amount, quantity)

#### See also

* ܡܵܩܵܐ (māqā)

### Etymology 2

Variant of ܦܘܼܡܵܐ (pummā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [kɪmma]

#### Noun

ܟܸܡܵܐ • (kimmā) m (plural ܟܸܡܵܡܹ̈ܐ (kimmāmē))
* mouth
* opening

## Turoyo
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic אוכמא (ʾukkāmā).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /komo/

#### Adjective

ܟܳܡܳܐ • (komo)
* black
    Antonym: ܚܶܘܳܪܳܐ (ḥeworo)

### Etymology 2

From Aramaic כמא (kmā)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kmo/

#### Adverb

ܟܡܳܐ • (kmo)
* how much, how many
    Synonym: ܡܷܩܩܰܐ (mëqqa)
    ܟܡܳܐ ܚܰܒܘܫܶܐ ܟܷܬ ܠܘܟ݂؟ ― kmo ḥabuše kët lux? ― how many apples do you have?
    ܟܡܳܐ ܐܰܚܘܢܳܢܶܐ ܗܰܬܘ؟ ― kmo aḥunone hatu? ― how many brothers are you?
# شجرة
## Arabic
### Etymology

Singulative noun composed of شَجَر (šajar, “trees”) +‎ ـَة (-a).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.d͡ʒa.ra/
** (Morocco) IPA: /ʃaʒ.ra/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

شَجَرَة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شَجَر m (šajar), dual شَجَرَتَان (šajaratān), plural أَشْجَار (ʔašjār), paucal شَجَرَات (šajarāt))
* tree
    أَوَّلُ الشَّجَرَةِ بَذْرَةٌ.ʔawwalu aš-šajarati baḏratun.The tree begins with a seed.
* shrub, bush
** 975–997, محمد بن أحمد الخوارزمي [muḥammad ibn ʕaḥmad al-ḵwārizmī], edited by Gerlof van Vloten, مفاتيح العلوم [mafātīḥ al-ʕulūm], Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1895, pages 170 line 9–171 line 1:لَاعِيَة شَجَرَةٌ تَنْبُتُ فِي سَفْحِ ٱلْجِبَالِ لَهَا وَرَقٌ طَيِّبُ ٱلرَِيحِ تَجْرِسُهُ ٱلنَّحْلُ وَلَهُ لَبَنٌ غَزِيرٌ إِذَا قُطِعَتْlāʕiya(t) šajaratun tanbutu fī safḥi l-jibāli lahā waraqun ṭayyibu r-raīḥi tajrisuhu n-naḥlu walahu labanun ḡazīrun ʔiḏā quṭiʕatGreen spurge or sun spurge is a shrub which grows on the surfaces of mountains, it has good-smelling leaves sucked by bees and copious milk when slit.

#### Derived terms

* شَجَرَةْ نَسَب (šajarat nasab, “genealogical tree”)

#### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: شيرة (šyara)
* Maltese: siġra
* → Azerbaijani: şəcərə
* → Bashkir: шәжәрә (şəjərə)
* → Chagatai: شجره
** Uyghur: شەجەرە (shejere)
** Uzbek: shajara
* → Hindi: शजरा (śajrā)
* → Indonesian: sejarah (“history”)
* → Kazakh: шежіре (şejıre)
* → Malay: syajarat
* → Ottoman Turkish: شجره (şecere), շէճէրէ (şecere) — Armeno-Turkish
** Turkish: şecere
* → Persian: شجره (šajare)
** → Urdu: شجرہ (śajarā)

### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “شجر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.d͡ʒa.ra/

### Noun

شجرة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شجر m (šajar), plural شجرات (šajarāt))
* tree

## South Levantine Arabic
### Alternative forms

* سجرة (sajara, Galilee)

### Etymology

From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.ʒa.re/, [ˈʃa.ʒɑ.rˤɑ]
* IPA: /ʃa.ʒa.ra/, [ˈʃa.ʒɑ.rˤɑ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

شجرة • (šajara) f (singulative, collective شجر m (šajar), paucal شجرات (šajarāt))
* tree

#### See also

* غابة (ḡābe, “forest”), حرش (ḥurš, “forest, wood”)
# ذهب
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ða.ha.ba/

### Verb

ذَهَبَ • (ḏahaba) I (non-past يَذْهَبُ (yaḏhabu), verbal noun ذَهَاب (ḏahāb) or مَذْهَب (maḏhab))
* to go, to travel
    إِلَى أَيْنَ أَنْتَ ذَاهِبٌ؟ ― ʔilā ʔayna ʔanta ḏāhibun? ― Where are you going?
* to go away, to leave, to depart
* to disappear, to vanish
* to decline, to dwindle
* to perish, to die, to be destroyed
* to abduct, to steal, to sweep away, to annihilate [with بِ (bi)]
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:أفنى
* to lead someone, to conduct someone, to take someone along
* to think, to believe, to hold the view, to be of the opinion [with إَلَى (ʔialā) ‘that’]
** a. 1229, Yāqūt al-Ḥamawīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, كتاب معجم البلدان [kitāb muʿjam al-buldān]‎, volume 1, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, published 1866, page 37, line 9:فأمّا الْبَرِيد ففيه خلاف وذهب قوم إلى أنه بالبادية اثنا عشر ميلا وبالشام وخراسان ستة أميالAbout the postal route there is disagreement. Folks believed that in the desert it is twelve miles and in Syria and Khorasan six miles.
* to escape, to slip, to lose sight of, to be forgotten [with عَن (ʕan) ‘by’]
* to ignore, to skip, to omit [with عَن (ʕan) ‘what’]
* to prepare to, to be about to

#### Conjugation
### Verb

ذَهَّبَ • (ḏahhaba) II (non-past يُذَهِّبُ (yuḏahhibu), verbal noun تَذْهِيب (taḏhīb))
* to gild

#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ðah.ha.ba/

#### Conjugation
### Noun

ذَهَب • (ḏahab) m
* (uncountable) gold
    Synonyms: عَسْجَد (ʕasjad), تِبْر (tibr), إِبْرِيز (ʔibrīz)
* (uncountable) gold coin

#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ða.hab/,

#### Derived terms

* ذَهَبِيّ (ḏahabiyy)

#### Descendants

* Maltese: deheb
* Gulf Arabic: ذَهَب (ḏəhəb)
* Hijazi Arabic: ذَهَب (dahab)
* South Levantine Arabic: ذَهَب (dáhab)
* → Afar: daháb
* → Azerbaijani: zəhəb
* → Persian: ذهب (zahab)
* → Somali: dahab
* → Swahili: dhahabu
** → Kikuyu: thahabu

## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic ذَهَب (ḏahab).

### Pronunciation

* (Kuwait) IPA: /ˈðə.həb/

### Noun

ذهب • (ḏahab) m
* (uncountable) gold

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic ذَهَب (ḏahab).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /da.hab/, /ða.hab/

### Noun

ذَهَب • (dahab) m
* gold

#### Usage notes

Both pronunciations are used by most speakers interchangeably.

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ذَهَب (ḏahab).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ða.ˈhaβ], [za.ˈhaβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zä.ɦǽb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zä.ɦǽb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zɑːǽb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zɔːǽb̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zæ.ɦǽb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zä.ɦǽb]

### Noun

ذهب • (zahab)
* Synonym of طلا (“gold”)

#### Related terms

* ذهبی (zahabi)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic ذَهَب (ḏahab).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /da.hab/, [ˈda.hab]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

ذهب • (dáhab) m
* (uncountable) gold

#### Derived terms

* ذهبي (dahabi, “gold, golden (color)”)
# عربي
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.ra.biː/
* Rhymes: -ijj

### Etymology 1

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of عَرَب (ʕarab, “Arabs”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

#### Adjective

عَرَبِيّ • (ʕarabiyy) (feminine عَرَبِيَّة (ʕarabiyya), masculine plural عَرَب (ʕarab), feminine plural عَرَبِيَّات (ʕarabiyyāt))
* Arab
* Arabic
    اللُّغَةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ جَمِيلَةٌ جِدًّا. al-luḡatu l-ʕarabiyyatu jamīlatun jiddan.The Arabic language is very beautiful.
* Arabian
** 2018, وَجْدِيّ الْأَهْدَل [wajdiyy al-ʔahdal], أرض المؤامرات السعيدة, Bayrūt: Nawfal / Hachette Antoine, →ISBN, page 213:يدير شبكة لزواج القاصرات من من مليونيرات يمنيّين وعرب.He operates a network of marriages of minors to millionaires Yemenite and Arabian.

##### Antonyms

* أَعْجَمِيّ (ʔaʕjamiyy)
* عَجَمِيّ (ʕajamiyy)

#### Noun

عَرَبِيّ • (ʕarabiyy) m (plural عَرَب (ʕarab), feminine عَرَبِيَّة (ʕarabiyya))
* Arab
* (colloquial) Arabic (language)

##### Related terms

* عَرَب (ʕarab)

##### Descendants

* Maltese: Għarbi
* Moroccan Arabic: عربي (ʕarbi)
* → Classical Persian: عَرَبِی (arabī)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: अरबी (arabī)
    Urdu: عَرَبِی ('arabī)

#### See also

* إِعْرَاب m (ʔiʕrāb, “Arabic inflection”)
* عُرُوبَة f (ʕurūba, “Arabness”, noun)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

عَرِّبِي • (ʕarribī) (form II) /ʕar.ri.biː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of عَرَّبَ (ʕarraba)

### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “عرب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَرَبِيّ (ʕarabiyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕar.bi/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

عربي • (ʕarbi) (feminine عربية (ʕarbiyya), common plural عرب (ʕrab), feminine plural عربيات (ʕarbiyyāt))
* Arab

### Noun

عربي • (ʕarbi) m (plural عرب (ʕrab), feminine عربية (ʕarbiyya))
* Arab (person)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَرَبِيّ (ʕarabiyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.ra.bi/, [ˈʕɑ.rˤɑ.bi]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Adjective

عربي • (ʕarabi) (feminine عربيّة (ʕarabiyye), common plural عرب (ʕarab))
* Arab, Arabic

### Noun

عربي • (ʕarabi) m (plural عرب (ʕarab), feminine عربيّة (ʕarabiyye))
* Arab
* Arabic

## Tunisian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَرَبِيّ (ʕarabiyy).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕar.bi/

### Adjective

عربي (ʕarbi)
* traditional; homemade; not industrialized; local
    Antonym: سوري (sūri)
* Arab
* Arabic language

### Noun

عربي (ʕarbi) m
* Arab (person)
# ابتاع
## Arabic
### Verb

اِبْتَاعَ • (ibtāʕa) VIII (non-past يَبْتَاعُ (yabtāʕu), verbal noun اِبْتِيَاع (ibtiyāʕ))
* to buy, to purchase
    قَرَّرَ الرَّجُلُ اِبْتِيَاعَ سَيَّارَةٍ جَدِيدَةٍ.qarrara r-rajulu ibtiyāʕa sayyāratin jadīdatin.The man decided to purchase a new car.

#### Synonyms

* اِشْتَرَى (ištarā)