OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# rheological
## English
### Etymology

From rheology +‎ -ical.

### Adjective

rheological (comparative more rheological, superlative most rheological)
* (physics) Of, or relating to rheology.
** 2015 November 25, “Expression and Localization of Lung Surfactant Proteins in Human Testis”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI:It is conceivable that impairment of surfactant proteins is due to rheological and immunodefensive disorders of testis and epididymis or prostate.

#### Derived terms

* biorheological
* chemorheological
* electrorheological
* haemorheological
* hemorheological
* macrorheological
* magnetorheological
* microrheological
* photorheological
* rheological lithosphere
* rheologically

#### Related terms

* rheologic
# Tindle
## English
### Etymology

Variant of Tynedale.

### Proper noun

Tindle
* A surname.

### Anagrams

* Tilden, delint, dentil, linted
# వైకుంఠము
## Telugu
### Etymology

From Sanskrit वैकुण्ठ (vaikuṇṭha) +‎ -ము (-mu).

### Noun

వైకుంఠము • (vaikuṇṭhamu) ? (plural వైకుంఠములు)
* (Hinduism) the paradise of Vishnu

### References

* "వైకుంఠము" in Charles Philip Brown (1903) A Telugu-English dictionary, Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 1227
# نقض
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.qa.dˤa/

#### Etymology

Morphologically from the root ن ق ض (n q ḍ).

#### Verb

نَقَضَ • (naqaḍa) I (non-past يَنْقُضُ (yanquḍu), verbal noun نَقْض (naqḍ))
* to break, to demolish
* to break (a treaty, covenant, promise, etc), to renege
* (politics) to veto, to repeal

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /naq.qa.dˤa/

#### Etymology

Morphologically from the root ن ق ض (n q ḍ).

#### Verb

نَقَّضَ • (naqqaḍa) II (non-past يُنَقِّضُ (yunaqqiḍu), verbal noun تَنْقِيض (tanqīḍ))
* (intransitive, of plants) to peel off
    Synonym: تَقَشَّرَ (taqaššara)
* to cut, to split, to slit open, to crack
    Synonyms: شَقَّ (šaqqa), صَدَعَ (ṣadaʕa)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

نقض (form I)
* نَقْضِ (naqḍi) /naq.dˤi/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of قَضَى (qaḍā)
* نُقْضَ (nuqḍa) /nuq.dˤa/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of قَضَى (qaḍā)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَقْض (naqḍ).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [naqz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näqz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näqz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [näqz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [näqz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [næʁz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [näqz]

### Noun

نقض • (naqz)
* violation (of a treaty, an agreement)
    نقض قرارداد ― naqz-e qarârdâd ― violation of the contract
** c. 1380, Jahān Malik Khātūn, “Ghazal 524”, in دیوان جهان [Divān-i Jahān]‎:من آن نیم که به جور از تو روی برتابم که نقض عهد هم از عادت شما باشدman ān nē-yam ki ba jawr az tu rōy bartābam ki naqz-i ahd ham ādat-i šumā bāšadI am not one who turns my face away from you out of pain, For breaking promises is also a custom for you people.(Classical Persian transliteration)
# أضحى
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From ضَحَّى (ḍaḥḥā, “sacrifice, immolate”).

#### Noun

أَضْحَى • (ʔaḍḥā) m (collective, singulative أَضْحَاة f (ʔaḍḥāh))
* sacrificial animal, victim

##### Declension
#### See also

* عِيد الْأَضْحَى (ʕīd al-ʔaḍḥā)

### Etymology 2

From ضَحْوَة (ḍaḥwa, “morning”), from the root ض ح و (ḍ ḥ w). Sense of “become” resembles other verbs of similar meaning derived from different times of day; compare أَصْبَحَ (ʔaṣbaḥa), بَاتَ (bāta), أَمْسَى (ʔamsā), all meaning "become."

#### Verb

أَضْحَى • (ʔaḍḥā) IV (non-past يُضْحِي (yuḍḥī), verbal noun إِضْحَاء (ʔiḍḥāʔ))
* (copulative) to become
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:صار
    أَضْحَى الطَّالِبُ نَشِيطًاʔaḍḥā aṭ-ṭālibu našīṭanThe student became hardworking.
* to make visible
* to set out (to do something), to commence (doing something)
# جيل
## Arabic
### Etymology

Compare Hebrew גִּיל (gīl, “age”). Sense 2 is a semantic loan from the aforementioned word.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒiːl/

### Noun

جِيل • (jīl) m (plural أَجْيَال (ʔajyāl))
* generation (entity of the same time period, or the time period itself)
    جِيلُ التِّسْعِينَات ― jīlu t-tisʕīnāt ― The nineties generation
* (Palestine) age
    Synonyms: عُمُر (ʕumur), عُمْر (ʕumr)

#### Declension
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic جِيل (jīl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒiːl/, [ʒiːl]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

جيل • (jīl) m (plural أجيال (ʔajyāl))
* generation, age group
* age
# قيصر
## Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Caesar, possibly through Ancient Greek Καῖσαρ (Kaîsar) and/or Aramaic קיסר (qēsar). Uses for modern monarchs are semantic loans from Russian царь (carʹ) and German Kaiser, themselves from the Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qaj.sˤar/

### Proper noun

قَيْصَر • (qayṣar) m
* Caesar (Roman cognomen, notably that of Gaius Iulius Caesar)
    يُولْيُوس قَيْصَر ― yūlyūs qayṣar ― Julius Caesar
* Caesar (an epithet of Roman emperors, seen as a byname of the incumbent)
    أَعْطُوا مَا لِقَيْصَرَ لِقَيْصَرَ وَمَا لِلّٰهِ لِلّٰهِ.ʔaʕṭū mā liqayṣara liqayṣara wamā lillāhi lillāhi.Render unto Caesar that which is Caesar's and unto God that which is God's.

#### Declension
### Noun

قَيْصَر • (qayṣar) m (plural قَيَاصِرَة (qayāṣira) or قَيَاصِر (qayāṣir), feminine قَيْصَرَة (qayṣara))
* Caesar (an epithet of Roman emperors, seen as a generic title)
    الْقَيَاصِرَةُ الِٱثْنَا عَشَرَ ― al-qayāṣiratu al-iṯnā ʕašara ― The Twelve Caesars (Suetonius's De Vita Caesarum)
* tsar, czar (title of Slavic monarchs)
    قَيْصَر رُوسْيَا ― qayṣar rūsyā ― the tsar
* Kaiser (title of German emperors)
* Kayser, Qaisar, Caesar (title of Ottoman Sultans after the conquest of Constantinople)

#### Derived terms

* قَيْصَرِيّ (qayṣariyy, “Caesarean, tsarist”)

### Related terms

* كِسْرَى (kisrā)
* فِرْعَوْن (firʕawn)

### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qəysər
* → Northern Kurdish: qeyser, قەیسەر (qeyser)
* → Malay: قيصر, kaisar
** Indonesian: kaisar
* → Classical Persian: قیصر (qaysar), قیاصره pl (qayâsira)
** Tajik: қайсар (qaysar)
** → Ottoman Turkish: قیصر (kayser), قیاصره pl (kayâsıra)
*** Turkish: kayser
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: क़ैसर (qaisar)
    Urdu: قَیصَر (qaisar)
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕ਼ੈਸਰ (qaisar)
    Shahmukhi script: قَیصَر (qaiṣar)
* → Swahili: kaisari
* → Uzbek: qaysar

## Malay
### Noun

قيصر (plural قيصر-قيصر or قيصر٢, informal 1st possessive قيصرکو, 2nd possessive قيصرمو, 3rd possessive قيصرڽ)
* Jawi spelling of kaisar‎
# ماعاد
## North Levantine Arabic
### Alternative forms

* ما عاد

### Etymology

From Arabic ما عاد (mā ʕāda), literally: “he hasn’t returned [to doing something]”. While the construction is verbal in standard Arabic, requiring conjugation of the verb عاد (ʕāda) according to the subject of the phrase, it has become adverbial in North Levantine Arabic and is generally uninflected. Compare to this the Hebrew adverb עוד (ʿōd, “still”).

### Adverb

ماعاد • (māʿād)
* not anymore; no more; no longer
    ماعاد احكي معن ― Māʿād aḥkī maʿun. ― I don’t talk to them anymore.

#### Usage notes

* Construed with the following bare imperfect tense (sometimes called the “subjunctive” as opposed to the present indicative with b-).
# هلا
## Arabic

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Phrase

هَلَّا • (hallā)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
** Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali
    يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ الْمُعَلِّمُ غَيْرَهُ هَلَّا لِنَفْسِكَ كَانَ ذَا التَّعْلِيمُyā ʔayyuhā r-rajulu l-muʕallimu ḡayrahu hallā linafsika kāna ḏā t-taʕlīmu(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## Hijazi Arabic

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Etymology

From Arabic أَهْلًا (ʔahlan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ha.la/

### Interjection

هلا • (hala)
* hi
* hey (greeting)
    Synonyms: مَرْحَبا (marḥaba), السلام عليكم (as-salāmu ʕalaykum)

## North Levantine Arabic
### Alternative forms

* هلق (hallaʔ) (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

Contraction of هالوقت (ha-l-waʔt).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hal.la/, /hal.laʔ/

### Adverb

هلأ or هلا • (hallaʔ or halla)
* now
    شو منعمل هلأ؟ ― šū mnaʕmil hallaʔ? ― What are we gonna do now?

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology 1

Contraction of هالوقت (ha-l-waʔt, “this time”).

#### Alternative forms

* هلق (hallaʔ) (alternative spelling)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hal.laʔ/, [ˈhal.laʔ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### Adverb

هلّأ or هلّا • (hallaʔ or halla)
* now, just
    Synonyms: هسا (hassa), هلقيت (halʔēt), الحين (alḥīn), إسا (ʔissa)

##### Usage notes

* There are many words used for "now" in South Levantine Arabic. هلا (halla, hallaʔ) is the most common word in urban dialects, also used in Lebanon and Syria. In formal contexts, the Standard Arabic الْآنَ (al-ʔān, il-ʔān) is used.

### Etymology 2

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.
From Arabic أَهْلًا (ʔahlan).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ha.la/, [ˈha.la]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### Interjection

هلا • (hala)
* (informal) hi, hey (greeting)
    Synonyms: أهلا (ʔahla), مرحبا (marḥaba)
# Хацетава
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* Chacietava — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet), 2000-2023 Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script

### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “The presumed Belarusian etymon of Russian Хацет (Xacet) +‎ -ава (-ava)?”
Cognate with Russian Хоте́тово (Xotétovo) and Ukrainian Хотє́тово (Xotjétovo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xaˈt͡sʲetava]
* Rhymes: -etava
* Hyphenation: Ха‧це‧та‧ва

### Proper noun

Хаце́тава • (Xacjétava) n inan (genitive Хаце́тава, uncountable, relational adjective хаце́таўскі)
* Khatsyetava (a hamlet in Harbavichy sielsaviet, Chavusy Raion, Mahilyow Oblast, Belarus, first mentioned in 1619)

#### Descendants

* → English: Khatsyetava

### References

* "Хацетава" aka "Xacietava" in Valancina Lemciuhova, editor (2007), Назвы населеных пунктаў Рэспублікі Беларусь: Магілёўская вобласць [Names of settlements of the Republic of Belarus: Mahiloŭ region] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Тэхналогія, →ISBN, page 305
# جية
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic جَيْئَة (jayʔa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒaj.ja/
* Homophone: جاية

### Noun

جية • (jayya) f (plural جيّات (jayyāt))
* coming, arrival
    Antonyms: روحة (rōḥa), طلعة (ṭalʕa)
    Coordinate term: رجعة (rajʕa, “return”)
    جيَّتُه كانت صدفةjayyatu kānat ṣudfaHe arrived unexpectedly.(literally, “His arrival was by chance.”)

#### Related terms

* جاية (jayya, “coming, approaching”)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic جَيْئَة (jayʔa). Doublet of جينة (jēne).

### Noun

جيّة • (jayye) f
* Galilee form of جينة (jēne, “arrival”)
# عالج
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

عَالَجَ • (ʕālaja) III (non-past يُعَالِجُ (yuʕāliju), verbal noun مُعَالَجَة (muʕālaja) or عِلَاج (ʕilāj))
* (transitive) to treat (a patient or illness or material)
** a. 869, الْجَاحِظ [al-jāḥiẓ], “باب ما يُعتبر من الجواهر النفيسة ومعرفتها وقيمتها [About how one esteems precious gems, their morphology and value]”, in التَبَصُّر بِٱلتِّجَارَة [at-tabaṣṣur bi-t-tijāra]‎:وزعم البحريون أن اللؤلؤ الكبار المتغير اللون تلُفُّ عليه الألْيَة الطرية المشرحة، وتُؤخذ في جوف عجين ويُدخل التنور ويُبالغ في إحمائه؛ فإنه يصفو ويَحسُن ويعود إليه الماء، وإذا بُخِّر بكافور كان ذلك، وإذا عُولج بمخ العظم وبماء البِطِّيخ فإنه يصفو.Coastal people claim that the great motley pearls should be wrapped in a freshly cut fat-tail, then taken into a dough inserted into the oven heated up high; thereby they get pure and fair and restore their moisture, and when smoked with camphor the same happens; but if treated with bone-marrow and watermelon-juice they shine.
* (transitive) to treat, to deal with, to have to do with, to process, to handle, to address (a subject)
    ومن خلال معالجة سؤال البحث المقترح، نأمل أن نتمكن من توليد نظرة للواقع الحقيقي للغة الفرنسية في البلاد.By addressing the proposed research question, we hope to be able to generate insight into the real reality of the French language in the country.
* (transitive) to prevail upon, to persuade, to win over
* (transitive) to practise
    Synonyms: مَارَسَ (mārasa), زَاوَلَ (zāwala)

#### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَالَجَ (ʕālaja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaː.laʒ/, [ˈʕæː.laʒ], [ˈʕæː.lad͡ʒ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

عالج • (ʕālaj) III (present بعالج (biʕālej))
* to treat (a patient or illness)
* to address or deal with (an issue)
# زبالة
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zu.baː.la/

### Noun

زُبَالَة • (zubāla) f
* refuse, rubbish, garbage, trash

#### Declension
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic زُبَالَة (zubāla).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zi.ˈbaː.la/, [zɪ.ˈbaː.la]

### Noun

زِبَالَة • (zibāla) f (plural زَبايِل (zabāyil))
* garbage
* trash, junk
* trash can, garbage can

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic زُبَالَة (zubāla).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zbaː.le/, [ˈzbæː.le]
* IPA: /zbaː.la/, [ˈzbæː.la]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

زبالة • (zbāle) f
* rubbish, garbage, trash
    تنكة زبالة ― tanket zbāle ― trash can, rubbish bin
    سلّة زبالة ― sallet zbāle ― trash can, rubbish bin
    Audio (Ramallah):(file)
    جيبلي كياس زبالة من الدكّان.jīb-li kyās zbāle min id-dukkānBring me some garbage bags from the store.
# أدرك
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔad.ra.ka/

#### Verb

أَدْرَكَ • (ʔadraka) IV (non-past يُدْرِكُ (yudriku), verbal noun إِدْرَاك (ʔidrāk))
* to reach, catch up with, overcome, overtake
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:78:أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُوا يُدْرِككُّمُ ٱلْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُمْ فِي بُرُوجٍ مُشَيَّدَةٍʔaynamā takūnū yudrikkumu l-mawtu walaw kuntum fī burūjin mušayyadatinWherever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you should be within towers of lofty construction.
** (figuratively) to aid, to help
    أَدْرِكْنِي يَا اللهُ ― ʔadriknī yā llāhu ― help me O God
* to grasp, to understand, to realize, to comprehend
* to reach some age, especially that of maturity
* to live to see, be contemporaneous with, be (already or still) alive at some point in time
    وُلِدَ فِي مُنْتَصَفِ ٱلْقَرْنِ ٱلتَّاسِعَ عَشَرَ وَأَدْرَكَ ٱلْحَرْبَ ٱلْعَالَمِيَّةَ ٱلثَّانِيَةَ.wulida fī muntaṣafi l-qarni t-tāsiʕa ʕašara waʔadraka l-ḥarba l-ʕālamiyyata ṯ-ṯāniyata.He was born in the middle of the 19th century and lived to see World War II.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

أدرك (form II)
* أُدَرِّكُ (ʔudarriku) /ʔu.dar.ri.ku/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of دَرَّكَ (darraka)
* أُدَرِّكَ (ʔudarrika) /ʔu.dar.ri.ka/: first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of دَرَّكَ (darraka)
* أُدَرِّكْ (ʔudarrik) /ʔu.dar.rik/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of دَرَّكَ (darraka)
# معصب
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مُعَصِّب (muʕaṣṣib).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ʕasˤ.sˤib/, [mʊ.ʕasˤ.sˤɪb], [mʕasˤ.sˤɪb]

### Adjective

معصب • (muʕaṣṣib) (feminine مُعَصِّبة (muʕaṣṣiba), common plural معصِّبين (muʕaṣṣibīn), feminine plural معصِّبات (muʕaṣṣibāt))
* angry
    المدرسات معصبين ― al-mudarrisāt muʕaṣṣibīn ― the teachers (f.) are angry

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مُعَصِّب (muʕaṣṣib).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʕasˤ.sˤab/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

معصب • (mʕaṣṣab) (feminine معصبة (mʕaṣṣba), common plural معصبين (mʕaṣṣbīn), feminine plural معصبات (mʕaṣṣbāt))
* angry, furious, enraged
    Synonyms: غاضب (ḡāḍeb), غضبان (ḡaḍbān)
# فيه
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic فِيه (fīh, “in him/it”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfiː/

### Determiner

فيه • (fī)
* there is
    فيه واحد قُدَّامَك ― fī wāḥid guddāmak ― there is someone in front of you
* in him, with him
    Synonym: (less common) بُه (bu(h))
    إيش فيه؟ ― ʔēš fī? ― what's (up) with him? / what's wrong?

#### See also

* مافي (māfi, “there isn't”)
* ما فيه (mā fī, “there isn't in him/it”)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic فِيه (fīh, “in him/it”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fiːh/, [fiː(h)]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Determiner

فيه • (fī)
* there is, there are
    Antonyms: مافي (mā-fi), ما فيش (ma fīš), ما فش (ma fišš), فش (fišš)
    شو فيه؟ ― šū fī? ― What's up?
    فيه إشي؟ ― fī ʔiši? ― Is something wrong? / Has something happened?
* third-person masculine singular of في (fi): in him/it; with him/it
# استعار
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.ʕaː.ra/

### Verb

اِسْتَعَارَ • (istaʕāra) X (non-past يَسْتَعِيرُ (yastaʕīru), verbal noun اِسْتِعَارَة (istiʕāra))
* to borrow [with accusative ‘something’ and مِن (min) ‘from someone’]
    اِسْتَعَارَ مِنْ صَدِيقِهِ كِتَابًاistaʕāra min ṣadīqihi kitābanHe borrowed a book from his friend.
* to adopt (a characteristic)

#### Antonyms

* أَعَارَ (ʔaʕāra, “to lend”)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic اِسْتَعَارَ (istaʕāra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.ʕaːr/, [ɪs.taˈʕɑːr]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

استعار • (istaʕār) X (present بستعير (bistaʕīr))
* to borrow
    Antonym: أعار (ʔaʕār)
    استعرت منّه أكمّن كتابistaʕart minno ʕakammin kitābI borrowed several books from him.
# أبهى
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* Homophone: أَبْهَا (ʔabhā)

### Adjective

أَبْهَى • (ʔabhā)
* more pompous, more luxurious, more beautiful
    كَانَ فِي بَغْدَادَ، أَبْهَى عَوَاصِمِ الْبِلَادِ، مَدِينَةِ النُّورِ وَالْمَجْدِ، شَيْخُ ٱسْمُهُ نُعْمَانُ يُتَاجِرُ فِي التُّمُورِ وَالْجِيَادِkāna fī baḡdāda, ʾabhā ʿawāṣimi l-bilādi, madīnati n-nūri wa-l-majdi, šayḵu smuhu nuʿmānu yutājiru fī t-tumūri wa-l-jiyādiOnce upon a time in Baghdad, the most pompous capital in (all) the countries, the city of light and glory, there was a Sheikh named Nu'man, a trader of dates and horses
# تعادل
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.ʕaː.da.la/

### Verb

تَعَادَلَ • (taʕādala) VI (non-past يَتَعَادَلُ (yataʕādalu), verbal noun تَعَادُل (taʕādul))
* to be equal, to be on the same level
* (of scales) to be balanced

#### Synonyms

* تَسَاوَى (tasāwā)
* تَوَازَنَ (tawāzana)

#### Antonyms

* تَغَايَرَ (taḡāyara)
* تَفَاوَتَ (tafāwata)

### Noun

تَعَادُل • (taʕādul) m
* verbal noun of تَعَادَلَ (taʕādala)
* (sports) draw, tie

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعَادُل (taʕādul).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ta.ʔɑː.ˈðul]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔɑː.d̪ʊ́l]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔɑː.d̪ʊ́l]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːɑː.d̪ʊ́l]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔːɔː.d̪úl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.ʔɒː.d̪ól̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔɔ.d̪úl]

### Noun

تعادل • (ta'âdol)
* balance, equilibrium
    حفظ تعادل ― hefz-e ta'âdol ― keeping one's balance
    تعادل قدرت ― ta'âdol-e qodrat ― balance of power
# أدهش
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

Morphologically from the root د ه ش (d h š).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔad.ha.ʃa/

#### Verb

أَدْهَشَ • (ʔadhaša) IV (non-past يُدْهِشُ (yudhišu), verbal noun إِدْهَاش (ʔidhāš))
* to amaze
    ودقتها ستدهشك. ― Its accuracy will amaze you.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Verb

أدهش (form I)
* أَدْهَشُ (ʔadhašu) /ʔad.ha.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of دَهَشَ (dahaša) and دَهِشَ (dahiša)
* أُدْهَشُ (ʔudhašu) /ʔud.ha.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past passive indicative of دَهَشَ (dahaša)
* أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša) /ʔad.ha.ʃa/: first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of دَهَشَ (dahaša) and دَهِشَ (dahiša)
* أُدْهَشَ (ʔudhaša) /ʔud.ha.ʃa/: first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of دَهَشَ (dahaša)
* أَدْهَشْ (ʔadhaš) /ʔad.haʃ/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of دَهَشَ (dahaša) and دَهِشَ (dahiša)
* أُدْهَشْ (ʔudhaš) /ʔud.haʃ/: first-person singular non-past passive jussive of دَهَشَ (dahaša)

### Etymology 1.3
#### Verb

أدهش (form II)
* أُدَهِّشُ (ʔudahhišu) /ʔu.dah.hi.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)
* أُدَهَّشُ (ʔudahhašu) /ʔu.dah.ha.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past passive indicative of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)
* أُدَهِّشَ (ʔudahhiša) /ʔu.dah.hi.ʃa/: first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)
* أُدَهَّشَ (ʔudahhaša) /ʔu.dah.ha.ʃa/: first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)
* أُدَهِّشْ (ʔudahhiš) /ʔu.dah.hiʃ/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)
* أُدَهَّشْ (ʔudahhaš) /ʔu.dah.haʃ/: first-person singular non-past passive jussive of دَهَّشَ (dahhaša)

### Etymology 1.4
#### Verb

أدهش (form IV)
* أُدْهِشَ (ʔudhiša) /ʔud.hi.ʃa/: inflection of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša):
** third-person masculine singular past passive
** first-person singular non-past active subjunctive
* أُدْهِشُ (ʔudhišu) /ʔud.hi.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past active indicative of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)
* أُدْهَشُ (ʔudhašu) /ʔud.ha.ʃu/: first-person singular non-past passive indicative of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)
* أُدْهَشَ (ʔudhaša) /ʔud.ha.ʃa/: first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)
* أُدْهِشْ (ʔudhiš) /ʔud.hiʃ/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)
* أُدْهَشْ (ʔudhaš) /ʔud.haʃ/: first-person singular non-past passive jussive of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)
* أَدْهِشْ (ʔadhiš) /ʔad.hiʃ/: second-person masculine singular imperative of أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša)

### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “دهش”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic أَدْهَشَ (ʔadhaša).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔad.haʃ/, [ˈʔad.haʃ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Verb

أدهش • (ʔadhaš) IV (present بدهش (bidheš))
* to amaze, to surprise
    Synonym: أبهر (ʔabhar)
# غشاء
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣi.ʃaːʔ/

### Noun

غِشَاء • (ḡišāʔ) m (plural أَغْشِية (ʔaḡšiya) or غِشَاءَات (ḡišāʔāt))
* whatever covers animal or plant body (such as skin, hair, feather, scale, husk)
* (biology) membrane
    غِشَاء خَلَوِيّ ― ḡišāʔ ḵalawiyy ― cell membrane

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qişa
* → Persian: غشاء, غشا
* → Ottoman Turkish: غشا
** → Turkish: gışa
# اختفى
## Arabic
### Verb

اِخْتَفَى • (iḵtafā) VIII (non-past يَخْتَفِي (yaḵtafī), verbal noun اِخْتِفَاء (iḵtifāʔ))
* to vanish, disappear, to go missing
* to be missing, to be absent
** 2017 October 17, “…أزالت الأجهزة الأمنية #بنغازي البناء العشوائي بالمدينة لتفاقم هذه”, in LibyaAkhbar.com‎, archived from the original on 17 October 2017:.أزالت الأجهزة الأمنية بنغازي البناء العشوائي بالمدينة لتفاقم هذه الظاهرة ومحاولة لإعادة القانون الذي اختفى لفترة طويلةThe security organs in Banġāzī have torn down the planless buildings in the city because of aggravation of this phenomenon and in an attempt to restore law that has been missing for a long time.

#### Conjugation
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic اِخْتَفَى (iḵtafā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ix.ta.fa/, [ɪxˈta.fa]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

اختفى • (iḵtafa) VIII (present بختفي (biḵtfi))
* to vanish, to disappear
    Synonym: غطّ (ḡaṭṭ)
    تلفوني كان هون واختفى.telfōni kān hōn w-iḵtafa.My phone was here and now it's gone.(literally, “My phone was here and it disappeared.”)
# تضمن
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.dˤam.ma.na/

#### Verb

تَضَمَّنَ • (taḍammana) V (non-past يَتَضَمَّنُ (yataḍammanu), verbal noun تَضَمُّن (taḍammun))
* to comprise, to contain, to include
    يقول الكتاب المقدس إنه يتضمن كلمات الحق السديدة.The Bible says that it contains sound words of truth.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.dˤam.mun/

#### Noun

تَضَمُّن • (taḍammun) m (plural تَضَمُّنَات (taḍammunāt))
* verbal noun of تَضَمَّنَ (taḍammana) (form V)