# 車輦
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chēniǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄜ ㄋㄧㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chēniǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄜ ㄋㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cheniǎn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻê$^1$-nien$^3$
*** Yale: chē-nyǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenean
*** Palladius: чэнянь (čɛnjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

#### Noun

車輦
* (literary, historical) carriage of the emperor

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cia$^1$ loeng$^3$ / cia$^1$ lyeng$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhia-lián
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cia$^1$ ling$^2$ / cia$^1$ lêng$^2$
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cia$^1$ loeng$^3$ [Phonetic: cia$^5$ loeng$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chia-lê̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰia⁵³³⁻²¹ lœŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cia$^1$ lyeng$^3$ [Phonetic: cia$^5$ lyeng$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰia⁵³³⁻²¹ lyøŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhia-lián
*** Tâi-lô: tshia-lián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chialiern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰia³³ liɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cia$^1$ ling$^2$ / cia$^1$ lêng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshia líng / tshia léng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰia³³⁻²³ liŋ⁵²/, /t͡sʰia³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵²/

#### Noun

車輦
* (Southern Min, Puxian Min) wheel; car wheel

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 車輪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 車輪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 車輪子, 車軲轆, 車軲轆兒, 軲轆兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 車軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 車輪子, 車軲轆, 花軲轆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 車軲轆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 車軲轆兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 車軲輪兒, 車輪兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 車軲轆兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 車軲轆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 車軲轆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 車軲轆兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 車軲轆兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 車輪兒, 車軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 輪子 motor vehicle, 軲轆 bicycle or cart |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 車軲轆, 角子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 車輪得, 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 車輪兒, 車軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 車軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 車輪子, 車軲轆兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 車輪子, 車軲轆, 車軲轆子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 車輪子, 車軲轆子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 車軲轆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 車軲轆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 車軲轆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 車軲轆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 車輪子, 車滾兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 車輪子, 車滾兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 車軲轆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 車輪 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 車輪, 輪子, 滾子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 滾子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 軲轆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 車輪子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 車軲轆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 車輪 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 車輪 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 車輪子, 車滾子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 車輪子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 車輪子, 輪盤 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 車輪子, 車盤 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 車軲轆子, 車軲轆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 車軲轆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 車盤兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 車輪子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 車輪子, 車軲轆子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 車輪子, 車砣 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 車輪, 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 車轆, 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 車輪, 車轆 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 車輪 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 車轆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 車砣 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 輪盤 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 車輪頓 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 車輪仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 車輪仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 車輪仔, 車輪 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 車輪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 車輪仔, 車輪 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 車輪 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 車輪 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 軲輪子, 輪子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Datong | 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 車軲轆得, 軲轆得, 車腳得 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 車輪, 二軲轆子 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 車軲轆, 車腳得 |
| Jin | Linhe | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Jining | 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 軲轆 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Handan | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 車滾兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 車輪子, 車軲轆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 車輪 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 車輦 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 車輦 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 車輦 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 車輦 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 車輪 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 車輦 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 車輦, 車輦錢 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 車轆 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 車轆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 車輪 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 輪盤 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 輪盤 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 輪盤, 車輪盤 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 輪盤, 擂盤 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 車盤, 車輪子 |

##### Derived terms

* 夯車輦 / 夯车辇
* 拋車輦 / 抛车辇
* 車輦心 / 车辇心
* 車輦草 / 车辇草

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “車輦”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* “車輪”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “车辇”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 88.
* 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “1785 车轮”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 465.