# 廣州
## Chinese

* 廣州 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 廣州 (Cantonese)
* 廣州 (Classical)
* 廣州 (Gan)
* Kóng-chû (Hakka)
* Guōng-ciŭ (Eastern Min)
* Kńg-chiu (Southern Min)
* 廣州 (Wu)
* Guangzhou (English)
* Guangzhou (historical region) (English)

### Etymology

Originally the name of a prefecture, first established in 226 CE and re-established in 264 CE, that covered parts of present-day Guangdong and whose seat was originally located in Panyu.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Guǎngzhōu
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwong$^2$ zau$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gwong$^2$ zaau$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gong$^2$ ziu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Kóng-chû
    (Hailu, HRS): gong$^ˊ$ zhiu$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): guong$^3$ zu$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Guōng-ciŭ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gung$^3$ ziu$^1$ / gng$^3$ ziu$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Kńg-chiu / Kúiⁿ-chiu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): geng$^2$ ziu$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$kuaon-tseu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Guǎngzhōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Guǎngjhou
*** Wade–Giles: Kuang$^3$-chou$^1$
*** Yale: Gwǎng-jōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Goangjou
*** Palladius: Гуанчжоу (Guančžou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwong$^2$ zau$^1$
*** Yale: gwóng jāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwong$^2$ dzau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guong$^2$ zeo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: gwong$^2$ zaau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔŋ³⁵ t͡sau²¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gong$^2$ ziu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔŋ⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kóng-chû
*** Hakka Romanization System: gong$^ˋ$ zu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gong$^3$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹ t͡su²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gong$^ˊ$ zhiu$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /koŋ²⁴⁻³³ t͡ʃiu⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: guong$^3$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuɔŋ³¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Guōng-ciŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /kuoŋ³³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒieu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gung$^3$ ziu$^1$ [Phonetic: gung$^5$ niu$^1$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Gn̂g-ciu
*** Sinological IPA : /kuŋ⁴⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$niu⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gng$^3$ ziu$^1$ [Phonetic: gng$^5$ niu$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kŋ̍³³²⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$niu⁵³³/
* gung3 ziu1 - literary;
* gng3 ziu1 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: kwangX tsyuw
Rime :
| Character | 廣 | 州 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古晃切 | 職流切 |
| Baxter | kwangX | tsyuw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwaŋ$^X$/ | /cuw/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kwɑŋ$^X$/ | /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guǎng | zhōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwong$^2$ | zau$^1$ |

### Proper noun

廣州
* (～市, formerly ～府, ～路) Guangzhou (a prefecture-level city, subprovincial city, and port, the provincial capital of Guangdong, China)
* (historical) Guǎng Prefecture (various ancient prefectures of imperial China in present-day Guangdong and Guangxi)
* (～市) Gwangju (a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea)

#### Synonyms

* (capital of Guangdong): 五羊城 (Wǔyángchéng), 羊城 (Yángchéng), 五羊 (Wǔyáng), 穗城 (Suìchéng)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 廣州, 穗 short |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 廣州 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 廣州 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 廣州, 廣府, 省城, 省 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 廣州, 省城, 大圈 slang |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 廣州, 省城 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 省 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 廣州, 省城 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 廣州 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 廣州 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 省 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 廣州 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 廣州 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 廣州 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 廣州 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 廣州 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 廣州 |

#### Derived terms

* 廣州和約 / 广州和约
* 廣州戲 / 广州戏
* 廣州灣 / 广州湾 (Guǎngzhōuwān)
* 廣州話 / 广州话 (guǎngzhōuhuà)
* 廣州起義 / 广州起义 (Guǎngzhōu Qǐyì)
* 廣州路 / 广州路 (Guǎngzhōulù)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 広(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)
* → Korean: 광주(廣州) (Gwangju)
* → Vietnamese: Quảng Châu (廣州)
Others:
* → English: Guangzhou, Kwangchow, Kwang-chow
* → French: Guangzhou
* → German: Guangzhou
* → Hindi: ग्वांगझोउ (gvāṅgjhou)
* → Japanese: コワンチョウ (Kowanchō)
* → Korean: 광저우 (Gwangjeou)
* → Portuguese: Guangzhou
* → Russian: Гуанчжо́у (Guančžóu)
* → Swedish: Guangzhou
* → Thai: กว่างโจว
* → Uyghur: گۇاڭجۇ (guangju)
* → Zhuang: Gvangjcouh

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 廣 | 州 |
| こう Jinmeiyō | しゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | kan'on |
For pronunciation and definitions of 廣州 – see the following entry. :
| 【広州こうしゅう】 | [proper noun] Guangzhou (the capital and largest city of Guangdong, China) |
(This term, 廣州, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 廣 | 州 |

### Proper noun

廣州 • (Gwangju) (hangeul 광주)
* hanja form of 광주 (“Guangzhou”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 廣 | 州 |

### Proper noun

廣州
* chữ Hán form of Quảng Châu (“Guangzhou”).