# 鋏

| 鋏 | U+92CF, &#37583; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-92CF |
| ← 鋎 [U+92CE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鋐 → [U+92D0] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 鋏 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𨦇 |
| Simplified | 铗 |

### Han character

鋏 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 金大人人 (CKOO), four-corner 8413$_8$, composition ⿰釒夾)
* tongs, pincers
* dagger
* sword

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1307, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40450
* Dae Jaweon: page 1809, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4205, character 7
* Unihan data for U+92CF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 瘞 | *qrebs |
| 瘱 | *qeːbs |
| 脥 | *kʰemʔ |
| 浹 | *skaːb, *skeːb |
| 挾 | *skaːb, *ɡeːb |
| 夾 | *kreːb |
| 郟 | *kreːb |
| 筴 | *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb |
| 裌 | *kreːb |
| 鵊 | *kreːb |
| 狹 | *ɡreːb |
| 峽 | *ɡreːb |
| 硤 | *ɡreːb |
| 陜 | *ɡreːb |
| 陿 | *ɡreːb |
| 翜 | *sraːb, *srɯːb |
| 梜 | *kraːb, *keːb |
| 頰 | *keːb |
| 莢 | *keːb |
| 鋏 | *keːb |
| 蛺 | *keːb |
| 唊 | *keːb |
| 悏 | *kʰeːb |
| 匧 | *kʰeːb |
| 愜 | *kʰeːb |
| 篋 | *kʰeːb |
| 俠 | *ɡeːb |
| 綊 | *ɡeːb |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiá (jia$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaap$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiá
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^2$
*** Yale: jyá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jya
*** Palladius: цзя (czja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaap$^3$
*** Yale: gaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːp̚³/
* Middle Chinese: kep
Rime :
| Character | 鋏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 怗 (158) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古協切 |
| Baxter | kep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kep̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kep̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɛp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɛp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kep̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kiep̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kiep̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jie |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gip$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*keːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鋏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5906 |
| Phonetic component | 夾 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 頰 |
| Old Chinese | /*keːb/ |

### Definitions

鋏
* (of swords) the hilt
       From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
       Chángjiá guīlái hū! Shí wú yú. [Pinyin]
       Long hilt sword, come on home [with me]! There's no fish in the food [here]!

### Compounds

* 彈鋏 / 弹铗
* 彈鋏無魚 / 弹铗无鱼
* 鋏子 / 铗子 (jiázi)
* 鋏腳 / 铗脚
* 長鋏 / 长铗
* 馮諼彈鋏 / 冯谖弹铗
* 鱗鋏星鐔 / 鳞铗星镡

## Japanese
### Kanji

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𨦇 |
| Kyūjitai | 鋏 |
(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kun: はさみ (hasami, 鋏)、はさむ (hasamu, 鋏む)、やとこ (yatoko, 鋏)、やっとこ (yattoko, 鋏)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 鋏
* はさみ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* ハサミ 剪刀 螯 鉗
Originally the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 鋏む (hasamu, “to be tightly between two things, to be inserted in between””), itself apparently deriving from hasa (“narrowness between other things”, likely cognate with 細 (hoso), “skinny, narrowness within the thing itself”) + auxiliary suffix む (mu, “to be or become like something”).
Cognate and homophonic with 挟, 挿 (hasami): “being stuck in between other things”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はさみ [hàsámíꜜ] (Odaka –)
* (Tokyo) はさみ [hàsáꜜmì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ha̠sa̠mʲi]

#### Noun

鋏(はさみ) • (hasami)
* a (pair of) scissors
* 螯, ハサミ: (zootomy) pincers, claws, or chela as found on a crab, lobster, or other arthropod
* a punch as used to make a hole in a piece of paper

##### Usage notes

The scissors and punch senses are also found spelled 剪刀.
The arthropod pincers sense is also found spelled 螯 and 鉗.

##### Idioms

* 鋏(はさみ)を入(い)れる (hasami o ireru, “to put the scissors in → to cut with scissors; to punch a ticket; to trim vegetation or hair”)

##### Derived terms

* 鋏状(はさみじょう)価格差(かかくさ) (hasami-jō kakakusa, “price scissors”)
* 鋏(はさみ)虫(むし) (hasamimushi, “earwig”)
* 鋏(はさみ)盤(ばん) (hasamiban, “mechanical shear for cutting metal”)
* 金(かな)鋏(ばさみ) (kanabasami, “blacksmith's grippers”)
* 紙(かみ)鋏(ばさみ) (kamibasami, “paper scissors”)
* 空(から)鋏(ばさみ) (karabasami, “working a pair of scissors to make the sound of cutting, without actually cutting anything”)
* 木(き)鋏(ばさみ) (kibasami, “long shears for pruning, such as for a hedge”)
* 銀葉(ぎんよう)鋏(ばさみ) (gin'yō-basami, “tweezers for holding silver leaf in traditional Japanese incense”)
* 西洋(せいよう)鋏(ばさみ) (seiyō-basami, “western-style scissors”)
* 裁(た)ち鋏(ばさみ) (tachibasami, “scissors for cutting cloth”)
* 爪切(つめき)り鋏(ばさみ) (tsumekiri-basami, “nail clippers”)
* 唐(とう)鋏(ばさみ) (tōbasami, “western-style scissors, with a pivot in the center and forming an X shape”)
* 握(にぎ)り鋏(ばさみ) (nigiribasami, “traditional Japanese shears, with a join at the back end and forming a U shape”)
* 花(はな)鋏(ばさみ) (hanabasami, “flower shears, florist's scissors”)
* ピンキング鋏(ばさみ) (pinkingu-basami, “pinking shears”)
* 矢床鋏(やっとこばさみ) (yattokobasami, “blacksmith's grippers”)
* 洋(よう)鋏(ばさみ) (yōbasami, “western-style scissors”)
* 和(わ)鋏(ばさみ) (wabasami, “traditional Japanese shears, with a join at the back end and forming a U shape”)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 鋏
* やっとこ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 矢床
Probably originally an abbreviation of synonym yattokobasami, with the yattoko portion possibly an alteration of 焼き床 (yakidoko, “the cooking bed of an oven, or the firing bed of a kiln”, possibly formerly read as yakitoko, literally “burning or cooking bed”), perhaps used as a dialect word referring to the forge; compare 火床 (hidoko, “hearth; a firepit, such as beneath a boiler”, literally “fire bed”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) やっとこ [yàttókó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ja̠t̚to̞ko̞]

#### Noun

鋏(やっとこ) • (yattoko)
* pincers, nippers, pliers, tongs, or grippers, specifically those used to hold a metal object being worked in blacksmithing

##### Synonyms

* 矢床鋏(やっとこばさみ) (yattokobasami)

##### Derived terms

* 矢床(やっとこ)鋏(ばさみ) (yattokobasami, “blacksmith's grippers”)
* 鋏(やっとこ)箸(ばし) (yattokobashi, “blacksmith's tongs”)

##### Further reading

* https://web.archive.org/web/20130609060114/http://tool.kigasuki.com/tukamu.html -- in Japanese.

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 鋏
* やとこ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Probable variation from yattoko. Rare.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ja̠to̞ko̞]

#### Noun

鋏(やとこ) • (yatoko)
* (rare) pincers, nippers, pliers, tongs, or grippers, more specifically those used to hold a metal object being worked in blacksmithing

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 鋏
* きょう Hyōgai
* on'yomi
/kepu/ → /keɸu/ → /keu/ → /kjoː/
From Middle Chinese 鋏 / 铗 (kiɛp, “tongs, pincers”). Compare modern Cantonese reading gaap$^3$.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲo̞ː]

#### Affix

鋏(きょう) • (kyō)
* pincers, scissors, tongs

##### Usage notes

Only found in compounds.

##### Derived terms

* 鋏角(きょうかく) (kyōkaku, “chelicera, the mouthparts of certain arthropods such as spiders”)

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

鋏 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.