# ܟܦܪ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

The second sense comes from the association of apostatizing and disbelieving in a religion with cursing and reviling; compare Classical Syriac ܟܦܲܪ (kəp̄ar), Arabic كَفَرَ (kafara), and Hebrew כָּפַר (kāp̄ar).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [kaːpɪr]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [kaːpɪr]
* (Urmia) IPA: [kaːpɪr]

#### Verb

ܟܵܦܹܪ • (kāpēr)
* (archaic, formal) to deny, refuse, renounce, give up, apostatise/apostatize [with ܒ- (b-)]
* to curse, revile, blaspheme (usually in regards to religion) [with ܒ- (b-)]

##### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/G-strong|ܟ|ܦ|ܪ}}

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [kəpar]

#### Noun

ܟܦܲܪ • (kpar) m sg (plural ܟܲܦܪ̈ܲܝ (kapray))
* singular construct state of ܟܲܦܪܵܐ (kaprā, “hamlet”)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

From the root ܟ ܦ ܪ related to denying; compare Arabic كَفَرَ (kafara), Hebrew כָּפַר (kāp̄ar).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈk(ə.)far]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈkpar]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈkfɑr]

#### Verb

ܟܦܪ • (kəp̄ar) (imperfect ܢܟܦܘܪ (neḵpor)) (peal construction)
* to wipe, wipe clean, scour
* (usually with ܒ-) to deny, refuse, renounce, give up, apostatise/apostatize
** Peshitta, Matthew 10:22:
    ܡܢ ܕܝܢ ܕܢܟܦܘܪ ܒܝ ܩܕܡ ܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ. ܐܟܦܘܪ ܒܗ ܐܦ ܐܢܐ ܩܕܡ ܐܒܝ ܕܒܫܡܝܐ.man dên də-neḵpor bī qəḏām bənaynāšā, ʾeḵpor bēh ʾāp̄ ʾĕnā qəḏām ʾāḇ[y] də-ḇa-šəmayyā.But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven.
* (with ܡܢ) to repel
* (with ܛܝܒܘܬܐ) to be ungrateful

### Etymology 2

Intensitive form of the above

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈkap.par]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈkap.par]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [kɑˈfɑr]

#### Verb

ܟܦܪ • (kappar) (imperfect ܢܟܦܪ (nəḵappar)) (pael construction)
* to scour, wipe dry, rub dry (hands etc.)
* to wipe away (tears etc.)
* (figuratively) to disperse, clear out, blot out; cleanse, purify
* to consume; destroy, obliterate
* to remove
* to compel, apostatise/apostatize, force to deny
* to browse

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Edessan) IPA: [ˈk(ə.)far]
* (Eastern Syriac) IPA: [ˈkpar]
* (Western Syriac) IPA: [ˈkfɑr]

#### Noun

ܟܦܪ • (kəp̄ar)
* absolute singular of ܟܦܪܐ (kap̄rā, “hamlet”)
* construct state singular of ܟܦܪܐ (kap̄rā, “hamlet”)

### References

* “kpr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-07-21
* Audo, Toma (1897) ܣܝܡܬܐ ܕܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ [Treasure of the Syriac Language] (in Classical Syriac), Mosul: Imprimerie des Pères Dominicains, pages 477b–478b
* Brock, Sebastian P. & Kiraz, George A. (2015) Gorgias Concise Syriac-English, English-Syriac Dictionary, Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press: ܟܦܪ [from sedra.bethmardutho.org, accessed on Jun. 20, 2021]
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 160b–161a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 223a–b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 644a–b