# gaol
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English gayole, gaiol, gaylle, gaille, gayle, gaile, via Old French gaiole, gayolle, gaole, from Medieval Latin gabiola, for Late Latin caveola, a diminutive of Latin cavea (“cavity, coop, cage”). See also cage.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒeɪ(ə)l/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪl

### Noun

gaol (countable and uncountable, plural gaols)
* (Commonwealth) Dated spelling of jail.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 42:There's every Staffordshire crime-piece ever made in this cabinet, and that's unique. The Van Hoyer Museum in New York hasn't that very rare second version of Maria Marten's Red Barn over there, nor the little Frederick George Manning – he was the criminal Dickens saw hanged on the roof of the gaol in Horsemonger Lane, by the way —
** 2000 July 8, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Scar”, in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (Harry Potter; 4), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 26:There was a simple reason for Sirius' complete absence from Harry's life until then – Sirius had been in Azkaban, the terrifying wizard gaol guarded by creatures called Dementors, […]

#### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:jail

#### Derived terms

* engaol
* gaolable
* gaolbird
* gaol-bird, gaolbird
* gaolbreaker
* gaoldom
* gaol fever
* gaolish
* gaolkeeper
* gaolless
* gaolmate
* gaolward
* gaolwards
* gaolyard

#### Related terms

* gaoler

### Verb

gaol (third-person singular simple present gaols, present participle gaoling, simple past and past participle gaoled)
* (Commonwealth) Dated spelling of jail.

#### Translations
### Usage notes

In British English, gaol was the more common published spelling between approximately 1730 and 1960, and is still preferred in proper names in some regions. Most Australian newspapers use jail, citing either narrower print width or the possibility of transposing letters in gaol to produce goal. By far the most common spelling in Canada is jail, but a handful of legal writers use gaol; see for example , para. 26.

### References

* ↑ Google Books Ngram Viewer
* ↑ 1996, Sally A. White, Reporting in Australia, page 275

### Anagrams

* algo-, Olga, gola, Gola, algo, Lago, goal, Galo

## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish gáel (“relationship”), from Proto-Celtic *gailos (compare Lithuanian gailùs (“compassionate”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gailjan, “gladden”), German geil (“wanton”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ɡeːl̪ˠ/, [ɡëːə̯l̪ˠ]
* (Connacht) IPA: /ɡiːlˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ɡiːlˠ/, (older) /ɡɯːlˠ/

### Noun

gaol m (genitive singular gaoil, nominative plural gaolta)
* relationship, kinship; kindred feeling
* relation, kin; relative
* relation between things, connection

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
gaol
gaolta
vocative
a ghaoil
a ghaolta
genitive
gaoil
gaolta
dative
gaol
gaolta
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an gaol
na gaolta
genitive
an ghaoil
na ngaolta
dative
leis an ngaol don ghaol
leis na gaolta :

#### Derived terms

* salachar gaoil (“distant relationship”)
* neasghaol (“next of kin”)
* gaolmhar (“associated; relative, related; cognate”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 56

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gaol”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish gáel (“relationship”). Cognate with Irish gaol.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɯːl̪ˠ/
* (Lewis) IPA: [kɯ̞ːl̪ˠ]
* Hyphenation: gaol

### Noun

gaol m (genitive singular gaoil, plural gaoil)
* love, affection
    Tha gaol agam ort. ― I love you. (literally, “is love at me on you”)
    Ghabh i trom ghaol air. ― She fell madly in love with him.
* love (object of love)
** “Gaol ise Gaol i [My love is she]”‎:Gaol ise gaol i.She is my love.(literally, “Love she love her.”)

#### Usage notes

* The love expressed by gaol is more intimate in nature than that of gràdh.

#### Declension

$^✝$ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

#### Derived terms

* gabh gaol air
* tha gaol agam ort

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “gaol”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN
* Colin Mark (2003) “gaol”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 324

## Toba Batak
### Noun

gaol
* banana

### References

* Warneck, J. (1906). Tobabataksch-Deutsches Wörterbuch. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij, p. 70.