# 鬚

| 鬚 | U+9B1A, &#39706; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B1A |
| ← 鬙 [U+9B19] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鬛 → [U+9B1B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鬚 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹竹竹金 (SHHHC), four-corner 7228$_6$, composition ⿱髟須)

#### Related characters

* 髭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1456, character 38
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45580
* Dae Jaweon: page 1988, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4535, character 11
* Unihan data for U+9B1A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 盨 | *sraʔ |
| 須 | *so |
| 鬚 | *so |
| 嬃 | *so |
| 蕦 | *so |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *so): semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 須 (OC *so, “beard”).
Originally written 須, see there for more.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xū (xu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sou$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sî
    (Hailu, HRS): si$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ciu$^1$ / sy$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiu / su / si
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ciu$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xū
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syu
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^1$
*** Yale: syū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
*** Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sou$^1$
*** Yale: sōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sou̯⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬu³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî
*** Hakka Romanization System: xi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /si²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: si$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /si⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ciu$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chiu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiu⁵³³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sy$^1$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬy⁵³³/
* ciu1 - vernacular;
* sy1 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: sju
Rime :
| Character | 鬚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 相俞切 |
| Baxter | sju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /suə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /sio/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seoi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C-[s.n]o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*so/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鬚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xū |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sju › |
| Old Chinese | /*C-[s.n]o/ |
| English | beard |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鬚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13956 |
| Phonetic component | 須 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 須 |
| Old Chinese | /*so/ |
| Notes | 須轉註俗字 |

### Definitions

鬚
* beard; whisker (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    剃鬚／剃须 [Cantonese] ― tai$^3$ sou$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to shave one's beard
    虎鬚／虎须 ― hǔxū ― tiger's whiskers
* antenna; feeler
* whisker-like

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鬍鬚, 鬍子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鬍子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 鬍子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 鬍鬚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 鬍子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 鬍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鬍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 鬍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 鬍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 鬍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 鬍子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 鬍子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 鬍子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 鬍子, 鬍鬍兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鬍子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鬍子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 鬍子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 鬍子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 鬍子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 鬍子 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 鬍子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鬍鬚, 鬚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鬍鬚, 鬚 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 鬚 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 鬍, 鬍鬚 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 鬚 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 鬍子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鬍子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鬍鬚, 鬚菇 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鬍子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鬚菇, 嘴鬚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鬚菇, 嘴鬚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鬚菇, 嘴鬚 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鬍鬚, 嘴鬚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鬚菇, 嘴鬚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 嘴鬚 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鬍子 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鬍子, 鬍才, 鬍茬茬 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鬍子, 鬍腮 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 鬍鬚 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 喙鬚 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鬚 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鬚 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鬚 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 鬍 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 牙鬚, 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 鬍子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 鬍鬚, 鬍子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 鬍子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 牙鬚 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 鬍鬚, 下巴鬚 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 鬍, 鬍鬚 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鬍子, 鬍鬚 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鬍子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鬍子 |

### Compounds

* 不讓鬚眉 / 不让须眉
* 倒八字鬚 / 倒八字须
* 倒豎虎鬚 / 倒竖虎须 (dàoshùhǔxū)
* 八字鬍鬚 / 八字胡须
* 剃鬚刀 / 剃须刀 (tìxūdāo)
* 卷鬚 / 卷须
* 吹鬚睩眼 / 吹须睩眼
* 喙鬚 / 喙须
* 婦人生鬚 / 妇人生须
* 巾幗鬚眉 / 巾帼须眉
* 拔虎鬚 / 拔虎须
* 拂鬚 / 拂须
* 捋虎鬚 / 捋虎须
* 排鬚 / 排须
* 撩虎鬚 / 撩虎须
* 溜鬚 / 溜须 (liūxū)
* 溜鬚拍馬 / 溜须拍马 (liūxūpāimǎ)
* 煮粥焚鬚 / 煮粥焚须
* 燕頷虎鬚 / 燕颔虎须 (yànhànhǔxū)
* 白髮銀鬚 / 白发银须
* 碧眼紫鬚 / 碧眼紫须
* 紅鬚綠眼 / 红须绿眼
* 羊鬚瘡 / 羊须疮
* 老貓燒鬚 / 老猫烧须
* 蓮鬚 / 莲须 (liánxū)
* 虎鬚 / 虎须 (hǔxū)
* 虯鬚 / 虬须
* 蝦鬚 / 虾须
* 觸鬚 / 触须 (chùxū)
* 連鬚鬍子 / 连须胡子
* 電鬚刀 / 电须刀 (diànxūdāo)
* 髭鬚 / 髭须
* 鬍鬚 / 胡须 (húxū)
* 鬚刨 / 须刨
* 鬚子 / 须子
* 鬚根 / 须根 (xūgēn)
* 鬚生 / 须生 (xūshēng)
* 鬚眉 / 须眉 (xūméi)
* 鬚髮 / 须发 (xūfà)
* 鬚髯如戟 / 须髯如戟
* 鯨鬚 / 鲸须 (jīngxū)
* 黃鬚 / 黄须
* 龍鬚 / 龙须 (lóngxū)
* 龍鬚友 / 龙须友
* 龍鬚糖 / 龙须糖 (lóngxūtáng)
* 龍鬚草 / 龙须草
* 龍鬚菜 / 龙须菜 (lóngxūcài)

### References

* “鬚”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* beard

#### Readings

* Go-on: す (su)
* Kan-on: しゅ (shu)
* Kun: ひげ (hige, 鬚)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鬚
* ひげ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 鬚 – see the following entry. :
| 【ひげ】 | [noun] (loosely) facial hair on the upper lip region, the chin, and the cheeks [noun] 鬚: beard, goatee (chin hair) [noun] (figurative) whiskers (of animals) [noun] (figurative) antennae (of insects) [noun] (figurative) corn silk Alternative spellings 髭, 髯 |
(This term, 鬚, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 鬚 (MC sju). Recorded as Middle Korean 슈 (sywu) (Yale: syu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 鬚 (eumhun 수염 수 (suyeom su))
* hanja form of 수 (“beard”)

#### Compounds

* 수염(鬚髥) (suyeom, “beard, whiskers, moustache”)
* 용수철(龍鬚鐵) (yongsucheol, “spring”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鬚: Hán Nôm readings: tu, tua
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.