# chan
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃæn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -æn

### Etymology 1

Clipping of channel.

#### Noun

chan (plural chans)
* (Internet, informal) An IRC channel.
** 1997, Dominic Donegan, “Is there a #nethack chan on IRC?”, in rec.games.roguelike.nethack (Usenet):I tried, but I never get anyone in the chan! I don't know how/where to advertise... maybe we should set up a meeting time or something?
** 1999, Jonny Durango, “IMPORTANT NEWS FOR AHM IRC CHAN!!!”, in alt.hackers.malicious (Usenet):If you don't have your password set within a week I'll remove you from the userlist and I'll add you again next time I see you in the chan and make sure you set a pass.

##### Derived terms

* chanop
* chanspeak
* chantard
* mischan

### Etymology 2

From 4chan, a popular imageboard; ultimately from channel.

#### Noun

chan (plural chans)
* (Internet, informal) An imageboard.
    more niche chans

##### Related terms

* -chan

### Anagrams

* Cahn, Ch*na

## Antillean Creole
### Etymology

From French champ.

### Noun

chan
* free space; open land

## Ch'orti'
### Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *kaahn.

### Noun

chan
* snake

## Epigraphic Mayan
### Alternative forms

* kan

### Numeral

chan
* four

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* chá, chao

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chão, from Latin plānum. Compare Portuguese chão, Spanish llano.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃaŋ/

### Noun

chan m (plural chans)
* floor
    Synonym: solo
* ground
    Synonym: solo
* (geography) plateau

### Adjective

chan (feminine chá, masculine plural chans, feminine plural chás)
* level; flat
* plain

#### Derived terms

* Chá
* Chan
* Chao
* Chaodarcas
* Chaos

#### Related terms

* chaira
* chaela
* chancela
* chanzo
* chelo
* Chelo
* Chenlo

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “chao”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “chão”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “chan”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “chan”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chan”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of chan – see 曾 (“already; ever; once; previously; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 曾).

## Irish
### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish nocon, nochon, from Old Irish nícon, nacon, from ní con.

#### Pronunciation

* (before a, o, u, fha, fho, fhu) IPA: [xan̪ˠ]
* (before e, i, fhe, fhi) IPA: [xanʲ]

#### Particle

chan
* (Ulster) not
    Chan ólann sé. ― He does not drink.
    Chan fhanann sé. ― He will not wait.

##### Usage notes

Used only in some varieties of Ulster Irish. Used only before a vowel sound.

##### Synonyms

* ní (used in Munster Irish, Connacht Irish, and some varieties of Ulster Irish)

##### Related terms

* cha (used before a consonant)
* char (used with the past tense)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [xan̪ˠ]

#### Verb

chan
* past analytic of can

##### Related terms

* chanas (1st person sing. synthetic, nonstandard)
* chanais (2d person sing. synthetic, nonstandard)
* chanamar (1st person pl. synthetic)
* chanabhar (2d person pl. synthetic, nonstandard)
* chanadar (3d person pl. synthetic, nonstandard)
* canadh (autonomous)

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “nícon”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “chan”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN

## Japanese
### Romanization

chan
* Rōmaji transcription of ちゃん

## Ladino
### Noun

chan m
* bell

## Mandarin
### Romanization

chan
* Nonstandard spelling of chān.
* Nonstandard spelling of chán.
* Nonstandard spelling of chǎn.
* Nonstandard spelling of chàn.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Nafaanra
### Noun

chan
* vagina

### References

* Nafaanra Dictionary

## Old Occitan
### Etymology

Deverbal of chantar.

### Noun

chan m (oblique plural chans, nominative singular chans, nominative plural chan)
* song

#### Related terms

* chantador
* chantar
* chanso
* chansoneta
* enchantar
* enchantamen

## Pipil
### Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *chaːn-. Compare Classical Nahuatl chāntli (“home”).

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: /t͡ʃaŋ/

### Noun

-chan
* at or to one's home or house
    Tiajket ka nuchan pal titakwatWe went to my house to eat

#### Declension
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خان (han, “prince, lord”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxan/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: chan

### Noun

chan m pers
* khan (ruler)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* chan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* chan in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English chan.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃/

### Noun

chan m (plural chans)
* (Internet) chan, imageboard

#### Related terms

* channer

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* chaun (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter)
* tgaun (Sursilvan)
* tgàn (Sutsilvan)
* tgang (Surmiran)

### Etymology

From Latin canis, canem.

### Noun

chan m (plural chans)
* (Vallader) (male) dog

#### Coordinate terms

* (sex): chagna

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish nochan, from Old Irish nícon, from ní (“not”) + con (“toward”). Cognates include Irish chan and Manx chan.

#### Alternative forms

* (obsolete) cha'n

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xan̪ˠ/ (before a back vowel sound)
* IPA: /xaɲ/ (before a front vowel sound)
* Hyphenation: chan

#### Verb

chan
* Form of cha used before vowels and fh-
    Chan fhaca mi i. ― I haven't seen her.
    Chan eil mi fuar. ― I am not cold.
    An t-aran, chan ùr e. ― The bread, it's not fresh.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xan/

#### Verb

chan
* inflection of can:
** negative dependent future
** past (rare, usually thuirt)

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “nícon”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “cha, cha’n”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN, page 81
* Colin Mark (2003) “chan”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 129

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Classical Nahuatl chian, obsolete spelling of chiyan (“chia”). This is the same source as chía, which lost the final n in Mexican dialects.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃan/ [ˈt͡ʃãn]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: chan

### Noun

chan m (plural chanes)
* (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras) Alternative form of chía
** 2002, Rodrigo Crespo A., Comiendo pura vida, page 135:Los aderezos de semillas y nueces se preparan licuando semillas remojadas de linaza, girasol, chan...Seasonings from seeds and nuts are prepared by blending soaked linseed, sunflower seeds, chia seeds...

### References

* Ayerca, Ricardo & Coates, Wayne (2005: Chia: Rediscovering a Forgotten Crop of the Aztecs, p. 64

### Further reading

* “chan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tzeltal
### Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *kaahn.

### Noun

chan
* snake

## Tzotzil
### Verb

chan
* (transitive) to learn

### References

* Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕaːn˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [t͡ɕaːŋ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [caːŋ˧˧]

### Verb

chan • (滇, 𬉌)
* to pour sauce, soup or broth over solid food
    chan canh/mắm ― to pour broth/nước mắm

#### Derived terms

* chan chứa
* chan hoà

## Welsh
### Noun

chan
* Aspirate mutation of can.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yucatec Maya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃan/

### Adjective

chan
* small
    Synonyms: chichan; mejen