# -nek
## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɛk]
* Rhymes: -ɛk

### Etymology 1

See at -nak.

#### Suffix

-nek (dative case suffix)
* Front-vowel variant of -nak. See details there.

##### Usage notes

* (dative case suffix) Variants:
    -nak is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.
       házigazda (“host”) → Ajándékot hoztunk a házigazdának. ― We brought gifts for the host.
    -nek is added to front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.
       gyerek (“child”) → Vettem egy játékot a gyereknek. ― I bought a toy for the child.
       körte (“pear”) → A körtének jó íze van. ― The pear tastes good. (literally, “to the pear there is a good flavor”)
       Szépnek szép, de nem valami hasznos. ― Pretty as it may be, but there's not much use of it.
| Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú | Front vowel | Front vowel |
| Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú | unrounded e, é, i, í | rounded ö, ő, ü, ű |
| nominative | — | — | — |
| accusative | -t | -t | -t |
| accusative | -ot / -at | -et | -öt |
| dative | -nak | -nek | -nek |
| instrumental | -val | -vel | -vel |
| causal-final | -ért | -ért | -ért |
| translative | -vá | -vé | -vé |
| terminative | -ig | -ig | -ig |
| essive-formal | -ként | -ként | -ként |
| essive-modal | -ul | -ül | -ül |
| inessive | -ban | -ben | -ben |
| superessive | -n | -n | -n |
| superessive | -on | -en | -ön |
| adessive | -nál | -nél | -nél |
| illative | -ba | -be | -be |
| sublative | -ra | -re | -re |
| allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
| elative | -ból | -ből | -ből |
| delative | -ról | -ről | -ről |
| ablative | -tól | -től | -től |
| Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except before -ként.  alma — almában, but almaként  zene ― zenében, but zeneként ||||

#### See also

* neki
$^1$Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All Hungarian pronouns /

### Etymology 2

See at -nak.

#### Suffix

-nek (personal suffix)
* Forms the third-person plural and formal second-person plural present tense (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
    ‎énekel (“sing”) + ‎-nek → ‎énekelnek (“they sing, they are singing; (formal) you sing, you are singing”)

##### Usage notes

* (personal suffix) Variants:
    -nak is added to back-vowel verbs
       tanul (“study”) → A gyerekek nem tanulnak eleget. ― The children are not studying enough.
    -nek is added to front-vowel verbs
       énekel (“sing”) → A madarak énekelnek. ― The birds are singing.
    -anak is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
       tanít (“teach”) → Mire tanítanak minket az állatok? ― What do animals teach us?
    -enek is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
       fest (“paint”) → A gyerekek festenek. ― The children are painting.
| Person | Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | Front vowel |
| Person | Person | Back vowel | unrounded | rounded |
| én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
| én | -ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm |
| te | 2nd person singular | -sz | -sz | -sz |
| te | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | -esz |
| te | after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl |
| ő maga ön | 3rd person singular | – | – | – |
| ő maga ön | -ik verbs | -ik | -ik | -ik |
| mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | -ünk |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
| ti | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök |
| ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | -nek |
| ők maguk önök | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek | -enek |
| See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |||||

### Etymology 3

See at -nok.

#### Suffix

-nek (noun-forming suffix)
* Unrounded front-vowel variant -nok. See details there.
    eretnek (“heretic”)

##### Usage notes

* (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
    -nok is added to back-vowel words
       ‎dal (“song”) + ‎-nok → ‎dalnok (“singer”)
    -nek is added to unrounded front-vowel words
       eretnek (“heretic”)
    -nök is added to rounded and some unrounded front-vowel words
       ‎ügy (“matter”) + ‎-nök → ‎ügynök (“agent”)
       ‎mér (“to measure”) + ‎-nök → ‎mérnök (“engineer”)

##### Derived terms
#### See also

* Category:Hungarian terms taking -nak/-nek
* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes