# bera
## Atong (India)
### Etymology

From (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

bera
* fence

### References

* van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beɾa/ [be.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɾa, -a
* Hyphenation: be‧ra

### Etymology 1

From the Proto-Basque root *ber-.

#### Determiner

bera (postposed)
* the same
    Ikasle bera izan da leihoa apurtu duena. ― That same student has broken the window.

##### Usage notes

* This term is used anaphorically, referencing a noun that has already been mentioned.
* This term is declined differently depending on whether it's used as a determiner or a pronoun (unlike hau, hori and hura).

##### Declension
#### Pronoun

bera
* Third-person singular personal pronoun; he, she, it
    Synonym: hura
    Berarekin etorri zinen. ― You came with him/her.
* oneself, in person (used for greater emphasis)
    Nire amonak berak egingo ditu erosketak. ― My grandmother herself will do the shopping.
    Nire etxean bertan nago. ― I'm at my own house.

##### Usage notes

* Unlike the determiner, this term isn't used anaphorically. Rather, it is used as an emphatic version of hura (similar to the pair ni/neu).
* This term is declined differently depending on whether it's used as a determiner or a pronoun (unlike hau, hori and hura).
* When used in the second sense, both the noun and the pronoun are declined.

##### Derived terms

* bera berez (“one one's own”)
* beraiek (“they”)
* berainez (“therefore”)
* berala (“in the same way”)
* berau (“this one”)
* beraz (“therefore”)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Basque *bera.

#### Adjective

bera (comparative berago, superlative beren, excessive beregi)
* soft, smooth
* gentle, soft, mild

##### Derived terms

* beratasun (“softness”)
* beratu (“to soften”)
* beratz
* beraztasun (“softness”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

bera
* allative singular of be

### Further reading

* “bera”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “bera”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛra]
* Rhymes: -ɛra
* Hyphenation: be‧ra

### Verb

bera
* masculine singular present transgressive of brát

### Anagrams

* rabe

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpeːɹa/
* Rhymes: -eːɹa
* Homophone: Bera

### Etymology 1

From berur.

#### Noun

bera f (genitive singular beru, plural berur)
* clearing

##### Synonyms

* beri

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse bera (“to bear”), from Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

#### Verb

bera (takes accusative object, third person singular past indicative bar, third person plural past indicative bóru, supine borið)
* to bear, to carry

##### Conjugation

$^1$Only the past participle being declined.

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɛːra/
* Rhymes: -ɛːra
* Homophone: Bera

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse bera (“to bear”), from Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

#### Verb

bera (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative bar, third-person plural past indicative báru, supine borið)
* to carry, to bear [with accusative]
    Synonym: halda á
* (of cows and sheep) to give birth [with accusative]
    Synonym: ala
* (impersonal) denotes an obligation or duty to do something
** Article 1, Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Icelandic, English)
    Hver maður er borinn frjáls og jafn öðrum að virðingu og réttindum. Menn eru gæddir vitsmunum og samvizku, og ber þeim að breyta bróðurlega hverjum við annan.All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
    Mér ber að fara í stríð.It is my duty to go to war.

##### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

##### Derived terms

* aðalborinn
* bera af sér högg
* bera á
* bera á borð
* bera á brýn
* bera á móti
* bera árangur
* bera fram
* bera fram mat
* bera fyrir
* bera fyrir sig
* bera kápuna á báðum öxlum
* bera margt á milli
* bera með sér
* bera merki
* bera mikið á
* bera niður
* bera saman
* bera sig eftir
* bera sig til
* bera sig upp
* bera til
* bera undir
* bera upp tillögu
* bera utan á sér
* bera út
* bera við
* bera við himinn
* berast
* borinn
* borinn og barnfæddur (“born and bred”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse bera, from Proto-Germanic *bazōną.

#### Verb

bera (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative beraði, supine berað)
* to bare

##### Conjugation
## Japanese
### Romanization

bera
* Rōmaji transcription of べら
* Rōmaji transcription of ベラ

## Kelabit
### Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀas, from Proto-Austronesian *bəʀas.

### Noun

bera
* rice ((raw) seeds used as food)

## Khumi Chin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Bengali ভেড়া (bheṛa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /be˧.ra˩/

### Noun

bera
* sheep

#### Derived terms

* beracäpi
* beramäte
* beranä-awi
* berapä-ai
* berarungpui

### References

* K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎, Payap University, page 74

## Latin
### Adjective

bēra
* inflection of bērus:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

### Adjective

bērā
* ablative feminine singular of bērus

### References

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “bera”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
* "bera", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* “bera”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Maltese
### Etymology

Probably from Sicilian brillari.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɛ.ra/

### Verb

bera (imperfect jibri, past participle mibri, verbal noun biri)
* to shine

#### Conjugation
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²bɛːra/, /²bɛr(ː)a/
* Hyphenation: bè‧ra

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse bera, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. Akin to English bear.

#### Alternative forms

* bere (e infinitive)
* bårå, bårrå (dialectal)

#### Verb

bera (present tense ber, past tense bar, supine bore, past participle boren, present participle berande, imperative ber)
* to carry, bear
    Kor langt skal eg bera dette?How far shall I carry this?
    Vil isen bera oss?Will the ice bear us?

##### Derived terms

* berar
* berbar
* bere til
* berebjelke
* berebølgje
* beredyktig
* bereevne
* bereflate
* berekonstruksjon
* berekraft
* beremeis
* berenett
* berereim
* berestol
* berevegg
* -boren
* forbere
* førebere
* hugbere
* innebere
* målbere
* ombere

##### Related terms

* bene, benelde
* bær

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bera f
* definite singular of bere

### References

* “bere” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *berô (“bear”). Cognate with Old Frisian *bera, Old Saxon bero, Old Dutch *bero, Old High German bero. The oblique stem *bern- gave Old Norse bjǫrn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbe.rɑ/

### Noun

bera m
* bear

#### Declension

Weak:

#### Derived terms

* bere
* biren

#### Descendants

* Middle English: bere, bier, beare, beore, bore
** English: bear (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: beir

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbʲera/

### Noun

bera
* genitive singular/dual of bir (“spit”)

#### Alternative forms

* bero

### Verb

·bera
* third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of beirid

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Old Norse
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *beraną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (*bʰer- being the root). Compare Old English beran, Old Saxon beran, Old High German beran, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan).

#### Verb

bera
* to carry, to bear

##### Descendants

* Icelandic: bera
* Faroese: bera
* Norn: bera
* Norwegian Nynorsk: bera
* Elfdalian: bjärå
* Old Swedish: bæra
** Swedish: bära
* Old Danish: bæræ
** Danish: bære
*** Norwegian Bokmål: bære

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *bazōną.

#### Verb

bera
* to make bare

##### Descendants

* Norwegian Nynorsk: berre

### Etymology 3

Somehow derived from Proto-Germanic *berô, whence also bjǫrn.

#### Noun

bera f (genitive beru)
* female bear
    Synonym: birna

##### Descendants

* Norwegian Nynorsk: bere f

### Etymology 4
#### Adjective

bera
* inflection of berr:
** positive degree strong feminine accusative singular
** positive degree strong masculine accusative plural
** positive degree weak masculine oblique singular
** positive degree weak feminine nominative singular
** positive degree weak neuter singular

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “bera1”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “bera2”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “bera3”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
* "bera", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* “bera”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French beurré.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɛ.ra/
* Rhymes: -ɛra
* Syllabification: be‧ra
* Homophone: Bera

### Noun

bera f
* butter pear (juicy, delicate-textured French variety of pear)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* bera in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bera in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* bera in PWN's encyclopedia