# سبز
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* سوز (sowz) (dialectal, Kazerun, Bushehr, Borazjan)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”), of uncertain origin.
Morgenstierne derives the word from an unattested form [script needed] (*sapači-) and connects it, along with Pashto سابه (sābə́, “vegetables, greens”), to Ancient Greek κῆπος (kêpos, “garden”).
Henning is skeptical of this, however, and relates the word to Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt, “radiant, verdant”), deriving both from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)- (“to sprout, bloom, blossom”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pregʰ- (“to scatter, to jerk”); compare Latin spargō (“to scatter, strew”), Old Irish arg (“a drop”), Lithuanian sprogti (“a bud, a shoot”), Northern Sami sprygg (“active, brisk”), Old Norse freknur (“speckles”) (whence English freckle), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀-𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬔𐬀 (fra-sparega, “twig, branch, something jerked off of a tree”), Sanskrit पर्जन्य (parjanya, “rain god, rain”).
Cheung does not consider Parthian [script needed] (‘spyxt) to be descended from Proto-Iranian *(H)spar(H)-, and instead derives it from Proto-Iranian *spaič / *spaiǰ (“to shine; to bloom”), which appears to be an exclusively Iranian root.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [saβz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säbz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säbz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [säbz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [säbz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sæbz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [säbz]

### Noun

سبز • (sabz) (plural سبزها (sabz-hâ))
* green

### Adjective

سبز • (sabz)
* green

#### Related terms

* سبزه (sabze)
* سبزی (sabzi)

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: সেউজ (xeuz)
* → Baluchi: سبز (sabz)
* → Bengali: সবুজ (śobuj)
* → Hindi: सब्ज़ (sabz)
* → Odia: ସବୁଜ (sabuja)
* → Punjabi: ਸਬਜ਼ (sabaz)
* → Urdu: سبز (sabz)

### See also

Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا (rang-hâ) (layout · text) :
| سِفید (sefid) | خَاکِسْتَری (xâkestari), توسی (tusi) | سِیَاه (siyâh), مِشْکی (meški) |
| سُرْخ (sorx), قِرْمِز (ğermez); زِرِشْکی (zereški) | نَارِنْجی (nârenji); قَهْوِه‌ای (ğahve-i), بور (bur) | زَرْد (zard); کِرِم (kerem) |
| سَبْزِ لیمویی (sabz-e limuyi) | سَبْز (sabz) | |
| آبیِ دَرْیَایی (âbi-ye daryâyi); سَبْزِ دودی (sabz-e dudi), فیروزِه‌ای (firuze-i) | لَاجْوَرْدی (lâjvardi) | آبی (âbi), سُرْمِه‌ای (sorme-i) |
| بَنَفْش (banafš); نیلی (nili) | سُرْخَابی (sorxâbi); اَرْغَوَانی (arğavâni) | صورَتی (surati) |
Colors in Persian · رَنْگ‌هَا (rang-hā) (layout · text) :
| سَفید (safēd) | خَاکِسْتَرِی (xākistarī), فولَادِی (fōlādī) | سِیَاه (siyāh), مُشْکِی (muškī) |
| سُرْخ (surx); قِرْمِزِی (qirmizī) | نَارَنْجِی (nāranjī); نَسْوَارِی (naswārī), بور (bōr), قَهْوَه‌یِی (qahwa-yī) | زَرْد (zard); کِرِیمِی (kirīmī) |
| سَبْزِ لِیمُویِی (sabz-i līmūyī) | سَبْز (sabz) | سَبْزِ آبِی (sabz-i ābī) |
| آبِیِ دَرْیَایِی (ābī-yi daryāyī); سَبْزِ دُودِی (sabz-i dūdī), فیروزَه‌یِی (fērōza-yī) | آسْمَانِی (āsmānī) | آبِی (ābī), آبِیِ تِیرَه (ābī-yi tīra) |
| بِنَفْش (binafš); نِیلِی (nīlī) | سُرْخَابِی (surxābī); اَرْغَوَانِی (arğawānī), بَانْجَانِی (bānjānī) | گُلَابِی (gulābī) |

### References

* ↑ Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “210 (> sābah > sabz)”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 66
* ↑ Henning, Walter (1947) “Two Manichaen Magical Texts with an Excursus on the Parthian Ending -endeh”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, volume 12, number 1, Cambridge University Press, pages 46-47
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*(H)spar(H)ǰ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 198-199
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*spaič (*spaiǰ)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سَبْز (sabz), itself from Middle Persian spz, sbz (sabz, “green, fresh”). Compare Kashmiri سَبٕز (sabụz).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /səbz/

### Adjective

سَبْز • (sabz) (Hindi spelling सब्ज़)
* green
* raw
* unripe
* fresh

#### Synonyms

* ہَرا (harā)

#### Related terms

* سَبْزی (sabzī)