# fermento
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [fərˈmen.tu]
* IPA: (Balearic) [fərˈmen.to]
* IPA: (Valencia) [feɾˈmen.to]

### Verb

fermento
* first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From Latin fermentum (“yeast”).

#### Alternative forms

* formento

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /feɾˈmento̝/, /feɾˈmɛnto̝/

#### Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)
* leaven
    Synonyms: isco, lévedo
* yeast
* sourdough
    Synonym: lévedo

#### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “fermento”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “fermento”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “fermento”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

fermento
* first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ferˈmen.to/
* Rhymes: -ento
* Hyphenation: fer‧mén‧to

### Etymology 1

Derived from Latin fermentum.

#### Noun

fermento m (plural fermenti)
* ferment (all senses)
* yeast

##### Related terms

* fermentare

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

fermento
* first-person singular present indicative of fermentare

### References

* ↑ fermento in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Further reading

* fermento in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

From fermentum (“that which causes fermentation, yeast”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ferˈmen.toː/, [fɛrˈmɛn̪t̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ferˈmen.to/, [ferˈmɛn̪t̪o]

### Verb

fermentō (present infinitive fermentāre, perfect active fermentāvī, supine fermentātum); first conjugation
* to cause to rise, ferment or leaven
* to cause to swell, break up or loosen
* (in passive) to rise or ferment
* (figuratively) to sour or spoil
* (figuratively) to aerate (soil)

#### Derived terms

* confermentō
* fermentātus

#### Related terms

* fermentārius
* fermentescō
* fermentum

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: frimintu, frimintari
** Istro-Romanian: fermenta
** Romanian: frământa, frământare
* Borrowings:
** → Friulian: fermentâ
** → Galician: fermentar
** → Catalan: fermentar
** → English: ferment
** → French: fermenter
*** → Romanian: fermenta
** → Italian: fermentare
** → Piedmontese: fermenté
** → Portuguese: fermentar
** → Spanish: fermentar
** → Swedish: fermentera

### References

* “fermento”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* fermento in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin fermentum (“yeast”), from ferveō (“to boil”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /feʁˈmẽ.tu/ [feɦˈmẽ.tu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /feʁˈmẽ.tu/ [feɦˈmẽ.tu]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /feɾˈmẽ.tu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /feʁˈmẽ.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /feɻˈmẽ.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fɨɾˈmẽ.tu/
* Hyphenation: fer‧men‧to

#### Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)
* yeast (fungus)
    Synonyms: lêvedo, levedura

##### Related terms

* fermentação
* fermentáceo
* fermentado
* fermentante
* fermentar
* fermentativo
* fermentável
* fermentoso
* ferver
* fervimento

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

fermento
* first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

### Further reading

* “fermento”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “fermento”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “fermento”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “fermento”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “fermento”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /feɾˈmento/ [feɾˈmẽn̪.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ento
* Syllabification: fer‧men‧to

### Etymology 1

From Latin fermentum.

#### Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)
* ferment

##### Related terms

* fermentar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

fermento
* first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

### Further reading

* “fermento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10