# grip
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: grĭp, IPA: /ɡɹɪp/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪp

### Etymology 1

Verb from Middle English grippen, from Old English grippan, from a Proto-Germanic *gripjaną (compare Old High German gripfen); compare the related Old English grīpan, whence English gripe. See also grope, and the related Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.
Noun from Middle English grippe, gripe, an amalgam of Old English gripe (“grasp, hold”) (cognate with German Griff) and Old English gripa (“handful”) (cognate with Swedish grepp).

#### Verb

grip (third-person singular simple present grips, present participle gripping, simple past and past participle gripped)
* (transitive or intransitive) To take hold (of), particularly with the hand.
    That suitcase is heavy, so grip the handle firmly.
    Unfortunately the glue didn't grip, and the whole thing came apart.
    After a few slips, the tires gripped the pavement.
    "Grip tightly on the rope!" — "I'm gripping! I'm gripping!"
** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him. He had him gripped firmly by the arm, since he felt it was not safe to let him loose, and he had no immediate idea what to do with him.
* (transitive) To figuratively take hold of or grasp.
    We need to grip this problem, not shut our eyes and hope it goes away.
* (transitive) Of an emotion or situation: to have a strong effect upon.
    As the water level began to rise, I was gripped by panic.
** [1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC:[…] I lost something of the stifling fear that had gripped me, and could listen with more ease to what was going forward.
* (transitive) To firmly hold the attention of.
    The movie gripped me from beginning to end.

##### Synonyms

* (take hold of): clasp, grasp; See also Thesaurus:grasp

##### Derived terms

* begrip
* grip off
* grip oneself with both hands
* gripping
* gripping beast
* on the gripping hand

##### Translations
#### Noun

grip (countable and uncountable, plural grips)
* A hold or way of holding, particularly with the hand.
    It's good to have a firm grip when shaking hands.
    The ball will move differently depending on the grip used when throwing it.
* (uncountable) Ability to resist slippage when pressed in contact with another object or surface.
    These tyres are worn out and don't have much grip.
* A place to grip; a handle; the portion of a handle that the hand occupies.
    Near-synonym: handgrip
    There are several good grips on the northern face of this rock.
    The grip of a sword is part of its hilt.
* A device, or a portion of one, that grasps or holds fast to something.
    The unthreaded portion of the bolt's shank is called the grip.
** An apparatus attached to a car (e.g., cable car, funicular car, mine car) for clutching a traction cable.
* (Can we verify this sense?) (figurative) Assistance; help; encouragement.
    He gave me a grip.
* (Can we verify this sense?) (figurative) Someone who is helpful, interesting, admirable, or inspiring.
    You're a real grip.
* (figurative) Control, power, or mastery over someone or something; a tenacious grasp; a holding fast.
    We need to get a grip on these spiralling costs.
    in the grip of a blackmailer
    to strengthen one's grip on a company
** 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:Dotcom mania was slow in coming to higher education, but now it has the venerable industry firmly in its grip. Since the launch early last year of Udacity and Coursera, two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations.
** 2016 June 22, Max Bearak, “The world’s longest-serving president just appointed his son as VP”, in The Washington Post‎:The current president toppled his uncle in a violent coup in 1979, before sentencing him to death by firing squad. Since then, he has consolidated his grip over the country's industries and is accused of diverting tax money into his personal accounts.
** 2022 November 21, Barney Ronay, “Iran’s brave and powerful gesture is a small wonder from a World Cup of woe”, in The Guardian‎:Instead England produced something that felt a little transgressive in this most controlled of stages, tightening their grip in a bruising first half, before freewheeling downhill in the second with their feet up on the handlebars.
* (figurative) Mental grasp.
    He's losing his grip – he's practically senile.
    For God's sake man, stop panicking and get a grip of yourself!
* A medium-sized bag or holdall for one's belongings, made of soft leather, canvas etc., and carried in the hand by two handles, one either side of the opening.
* (graphical user interface) A visual component on a window etc. enabling it to be resized and/or moved by dragging with a mouse or finger.
* (film or television production) A person responsible for handling equipment on the set.
    Hyponym: key grip
    Coordinate terms: gaffer, gofer
* (slang) As much as one can hold in a hand; a handful.
    I need to get a grip of nails for my project.
* (chiefly Southern California slang) A lot of something.
    That is a grip of cheese.
* (chiefly Southern California slang) A long time.
    I haven't seen you in a grip.
* Archaic spelling of grippe (“influenza”).
    She has the grip.
** 1911, Theodore Dreiser, chapter XXXII, in Jennie Gerhardt‎:It so happened that, during a stretch of inclement weather in the fall, Lester was seized with a mild form of grip. When he felt the first symptoms he thought that his indisposition would be a matter of short duration, and tried to overcome it by taking a hot bath and a liberal dose of quinine. But the infection was stronger than he counted on; by morning he was flat on his back, with a severe fever and a splitting headache.
** 1908, A.D. Condo, The Outbursts of Everett True‎:Grip! Grip!! The little touch of grip you had is no excuse for following the example of some of our "best citizens" who make every little ailment a pretext for dallying with the "demon"!!!!!
* (archaic except rail transport) A small travelling-bag or gripsack.
** 1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 4, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 35:'I put my grips against the communicating door last night'.

##### Derived terms

* Biddle grip
* bow grip
* bugger's grip
* come to grips
* death grip
* deck grip
* devil's grip
* dolly grip
* false grip
* French grip
* gaffer grip
* gangsta grip
* get a grip
* get to grips with
* girl grip
* grip-and-grin
* grip-car
* grip car
* grip grain
* grip-lit
* gripper
* grip tape
* grip wax
* hair-grip
* hair grip
* handgrip
* in the grip of
* Italian grip
* key grip
* kirby grip
* matched grip
* mechanic's grip
* mixed grip
* multi-grip bar
* neutral grip
* neutral grip bar
* pass grip
* pistol grip
* Singapore grip
* squirrel grip
* traditional grip

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

##### See also

* (a lot of) hella, hecka

### Etymology 2

From Middle English grip, grippe, gryppe (“a ditch, drain”), from Old English grēp (“a furrow, burrow”) and grēpe (“a furrow, ditch, drain”), from Proto-Germanic *grōpiz (“a furrow, groove”). Cognate with Middle Dutch grippe, gruppe (“ditch, drain”), greppe, German Low German Gruppe (“ditch, drain”). Related also to Old English grōp (“a ditch, drain”). More at groop.

#### Alternative forms

* gripe

#### Noun

grip (plural grips)
* (dialectal) A small ditch or trench; a channel to carry off water or other liquid; a drain.
* A channel cut through a grass verge, especially for the purpose of draining water away from the highway.

##### Derived terms

* gripple

#### Verb

grip (third-person singular simple present grips, present participle gripping, simple past and past participle gripped)
* (dialectal) To trench; to drain.

### Anagrams

* IGRP, PIRG, prig

## Albanian
### Etymology

Probably a modern loanword, from German Grippe.

### Noun

grip m
* flu, influenza

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French grippe, from Frankish *grīpan (“to seize”), from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈɡɾip]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

grip f (plural grips)
* flu (influenza)

### Further reading

* “grip” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “grip”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “grip” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “grip” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English grip.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣrɪp/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

grip m (plural grippen, diminutive gripje n)
* hold (to ensure control)

#### Related terms

* greep
* griep
* grijpen
* begrip

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French grippe (“influenza”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɣip/

### Noun

grip
* influenza, flu

## Icelandic
### Noun

grip
* inflection of gripur:
** indefinite accusative singular
** indefinite dative singular

## Ladino
### Alternative forms

* gripa

### Etymology

Borrowed from French grippe (“influenza”).

### Noun

grip f
* (medicine) influenza, flu

### References

* ↑ “grip”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

grip
* Alternative form of gripe (“griffin”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

grip
* Alternative form of grippe

## North Frisian
### Alternative forms

* gripe (Mooring)

### Etymology

From Old Frisian grīpa, from Proto-West Germanic *grīpan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡrɪp]

### Verb

grip
* (Föhr-Amrum, Sylt) to grab, take, seize

#### Conjugation
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

grip
* imperative of gripe

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

grip
* inflection of gripa:
** present
** imperative

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡriːp/

### Verb

grīp
* singular imperative of grīpan

## Romansch
### Noun

grip m (plural grips)
* rock

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* grȉpa (Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro)

### Noun

grȉp m (Cyrillic spelling гри̏п)
* (Serbia) flu, influenza

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡriːp/
* Rhymes: -iːp

### Noun

grip c
* a griffin (mythological beast)
    GripenThe Griffin (a fighter aircraft)
* (in some compounds) a thing, a valuable

#### Derived terms

* dyrgrip

### Verb

grip
* imperative of gripa

### References

* grip in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* grip in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* grip in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French grippe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɾip/

### Noun

grip (definite accusative gripi, plural gripler)
* (pathology) flu, influenza, grippe

#### Descendants

* → Laz: გრიფი (gripi)

## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English gripe (“grip”, rarely "sharp pain"), from Old English gripe, from Proto-West Germanic *gripi, from Proto-Germanic *gripiz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡrɪp/

### Noun

grip (plural gripès)
* A twinge; a sharp pain.

### References

* ↑ Raymond Hickey (1988) “A lost Middle English dialect”, in Jacek Fisiak, editor, Historical Dialectology: Regional and Social (Trends in linguistics: Studies and monographs; 37), De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 262
* ↑ Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 43