# 鄂

| 鄂 | U+9102, &#37122; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9102 |
| ← 鄁 [U+9101] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鄃 → [U+9103] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鄂 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口尸弓中 (RSNL), four-corner 6722$_7$, composition ⿰咢阝)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1274, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39520
* Dae Jaweon: page 1774, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3783, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9102

## Chinese

* 鄂 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 鄂 (Cantonese)
* 鄂 (Classical)
* Go̍k (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)
* E (state) (English)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
| 訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
| 遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
| 柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
| 鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
| 槊 | *sraːwɢ |
| 蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
| 坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 逆 | *ŋraɡ |
| 屰 | *ŋraɡ |
| 縌 | *ŋraɡ |
| 蝷 | *reːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋaːɡ): phonetic 咢 (OC *ŋaːɡ) + semantic 阝 (“area”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): è, ào (e$^4$, ao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ, ㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): go̍k
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: è
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: è
*** Wade–Giles: o$^4$
*** Yale: è
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ào
*** Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ào
*** Wade–Giles: ao$^4$
*** Yale: àu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
*** Palladius: ао (ao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngok$^6$
*** Yale: ngohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɔːk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
*** Tâi-lô: go̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gok
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: ngak
Rime :
| Character | 鄂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 五各切 |
| Baxter | ngak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | è |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鄂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9463 |
| Phonetic component | 屰 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 咢 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋaːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

鄂
* E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
* name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
* name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
* a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
* Short for 湖北 (Húběi).: Hubei (a province of China)
* forehead
    Synonyms: 額 / 额, 前額 / 前额 (qián'é)
* tool to capture animals
* a surname

##### Descendants

* → English: E, O

#### Compounds

* 援鄂 (yuán'è)
* 棣鄂
* 白雲鄂博 / 白云鄂博 (Báiyún Èbó, “Bayan Obo”)
* 華鄂 / 华鄂
* 褒鄂
* 西鄂 (Xī'è)
* 鄂倫春族 / 鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
* 鄂博 (èbó)
* 鄂君啟節 / 鄂君启节
* 鄂君繡被 / 鄂君绣被
* 鄂國 / 鄂国 (Èguó)
* 鄂坪 (Èpíng)
* 鄂城 (Èchéng)
* 鄂州 (Èzhōu)
* 鄂溫 / 鄂温 (Èwēn)
* 鄂溫克 / 鄂温克 (Èwēnkè)
* 鄂溫克族 / 鄂温克族 (Èwēnkèzú)
* 鄂畢河 / 鄂毕河 (Èbì Hé)
* 鄂諾河 / 鄂诺河
* 鄂鄂

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 諤 (“honest speech; frank speech”). (This character is a variant form of 諤).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 愕 (“startled; scared; astonished”). (This character is a variant form of 愕).

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 萼 (“calyx”). (This character is a variant form of 萼).

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鄂 – see 堮. (This character is a variant form of 堮).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: がく (gaku)
* Kan-on: がく (gaku)
* Kun: かぎり (kagiri, 鄂り)、おどろく (odoroku, 鄂く)

## Korean
### Hanja

鄂 (eum 악 (ak))
* E (an ancient state located in modern Shanxi, Henan and Hubei, China)
* name of two ancient counties in Hubei and Henan
* name of an ancient city in modern Shanxi
* a region of ancient China around Nanyang in present-day eastern Henan
* Abbreviation of 湖北: Hubei (a province of China)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鄂: Hán Nôm readings: ngạc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.